# ϩⲱⲣ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ϩⲟⲗ (hol) — Fayyumic
* ϩⲱⲗ (hōl) — Fayyumic

### Etymology 1
#### Proper noun

ϩⲱⲣ • (hōr) m
* (Bohairic, Sahidic) Horus, the Egyptian god of kingship and the sky
* a male given name

##### Derived terms

* ⲡϯⲙⲓⲛϩⲱⲣ (ptiminhōr)
* ⲫⲁⲣⲃⲁⲓⲧ (pharbait)
* ⲭⲁⲣⲁⲭⲧⲉ (kharakhte)
* ϩⲁⲣⲡϣⲱⲧ (harpšōt)
* ϩⲱⲣⲥⲓⲏⲥⲓ (hōrsiēsi)
* ϩⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱϫ (herouōč)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

ϩⲱⲣ • (hōr) (pronominal state ϩⲟⲣ⸗)
* (Sahidic, Bohairic, Akhmimic) to milk
** (Can we date this quote?) Job 10:10, as published in Henry Tattam, The Ancient Coptic Version of the Book of Job the Just, William Straker (publ.), 1846, page 44.
    ⲙⲏ ⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲕϩⲟⲣⲧ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲉ̀ⲣⲱϯ ⲁⲕⲑ̀ⲣⲓϭⲱⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲁ̀ⲗⲱⲙ (Bohairic)mē ètakhort an m̀ph̀rēti ǹouèrōti akth̀ricōs de m̀ph̀rēti ǹouàlōmHast thou not poured me out as milk, and curdled me like cheese?

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ϩⲱⲣ hōr | imperative | affirmative | ϩⲱⲣ hōr |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ tm̄hōr, tm̄n̄hōr | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄n̄hōr |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϩⲱⲣ tihōr | ⲕϩⲱⲣ khōr | ⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ tehōr | ϥϩⲱⲣ fhōr | ⲥϩⲱⲣ shōr | ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ tn̄hōr | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ tetn̄hōr | ⲥⲉϩⲱⲣ sehōr | ϩⲱⲣ hōr |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ eïhōr | ⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ ekhōr | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ erehōr | ⲉϥϩⲱⲣ efhōr | ⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ eshōr | ⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ enhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etetn̄hōr | ⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ euhōr | ⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ e- hōr, ere- hōr |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϩⲱⲣ etihōr | ⲉⲧⲕϩⲱⲣ etkhōr | ⲉⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etehōr, eterehōr | ⲉⲧϥϩⲱⲣ etfhōr | ⲉⲧⲥϩⲱⲣ etshōr | ⲉⲧⲛϩⲱⲣ etnhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etetn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etouhōr | ⲉⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ete- hōr, etere- hōr |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ naïhōr | ⲛⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ nakhōr | ⲛⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ narehōr | ⲛⲁϥϩⲱⲣ nafhōr | ⲛⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ nashōr | ⲛⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ nanhōr | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ natetn̄hōr | ⲛⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ nauhōr | ⲛⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ na- hōr, nare- hōr |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ aihōr | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ akhōr | ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ arehōr | ⲁϥϩⲱⲣ afhōr | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ ashōr | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ anhōr | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ aretenhōr | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ auhōr | ⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲁⲣ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ a- hōr, ar- hōr, are- hōr |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tinahōr | ⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ knahōr | ⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tenahōr | ϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ fnahōr | ⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ snahōr | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tn̄nahōr | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tetnahōr | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ senahōr | ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nahōr |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ eïnahōr | ⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ eknahōr | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ erenahōr | ⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ efnahōr | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ esnahōr | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ennahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etetnahōr | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ eunahōr | ⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ e- nahōr |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etinahōr | ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etknahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etenahōr, eterenahōr | ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etfnahōr | ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etsnahōr | ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etnnahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etetnahōr | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etounahōr | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ete- nahōr |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ naïnahōr | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ naknahōr | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ narenahōr | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nafnahōr | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nasnahōr | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nannahōr | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ netetnahōr | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ naunahōr | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ na- nahōr |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ainahōr | ⲁⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ aknahōr, eknahōr | ⲁⲣⲁϩⲱⲣ arahōr | ⲁϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ afnahōr | ⲁⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ asnahōr | ⲁⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ annahōr | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ aretennahōr | ⲁⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ aunahōr | ⲁ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ a- nahōr, are- nahōr |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ aïhōr | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ akhōr | ⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ arhōr | ⲁϥϩⲱⲣ afhōr | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ ashōr | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ anhōr | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ atetn̄hōr | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ auhōr | ⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ a- hōr |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ m̄pihōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pk̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pehōr, m̄pr̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pf̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄ps̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pn̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄petn̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ m̄pouhōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ m̄pe- hōr |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ eaïhōr | ⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ eakhōr | ⲉⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ earhōr | ⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲣ eafhōr | ⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ eashōr | ⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ eanhōr | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ eatetn̄hōr | ⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ eauhōr | ⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ ea- hōr |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ em̄pihōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pk̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pehōr, em̄pr̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pf̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄ps̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pn̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄petn̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ em̄pouhōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ em̄pe- hōr |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ etaïhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ etakhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ etarhōr | ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲣ etafhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ etashōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ etanhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etatetn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ etauhōr | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ eta- hōr |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ etem̄pihōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pk̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pehōr, etem̄pr̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pf̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄ps̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄petn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etem̄pouhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pe- hōr |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ neaïhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ neakhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ nearhōr | ⲛⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲣ neafhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ neashōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ neanhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ neatetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ neauhōr | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ nea- hōr |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ nem̄pihōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pk̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pehōr, nem̄pr̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pf̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄ps̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄petn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ nem̄pouhōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pe- hōr |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ naïhōr | ⲛⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ nakhōr | ⲛⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ narhōr | ⲛⲁϥϩⲱⲣ nafhōr | ⲛⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ nashōr | ⲛⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ nanhōr | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ natetn̄hōr | ⲛⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ nauhōr | ⲛⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ na- hōr |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ m̄patihōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄patk̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ m̄patehōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄patf̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pats̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄patn̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄patetn̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ m̄patouhōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ m̄pate- hōr |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ em̄patihōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄patk̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ em̄patehōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄patf̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pats̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄patn̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄patetn̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ em̄patouhōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ em̄pate- hōr |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ etem̄patihōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄patk̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ etem̄patehōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄patf̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pats̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄patn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄patetn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etem̄patouhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pate- hōr |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ nem̄patihōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄patk̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ nem̄patehōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄patf̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pats̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄patn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄patetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ nem̄patouhōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pate- hōr |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ xareïhōr | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ xarekhōr | ⳉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ xarehōr | ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ xarefhōr | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ xareshōr | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ xarenhōr | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ xaretetn̄hōr | ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ xarouhōr | ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ xare- hōr |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ maïhōr | ⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ makhōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ marehōr | ⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲣ mafhōr | ⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ mashōr | ⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ manhōr | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ matetn̄hōr | ⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ mauhōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲙⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ mare- hōr, ma- hōr |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ exareïhōr | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ exarekhōr | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ exarehōr | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ exarefhōr | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ exareshōr | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ exarenhōr | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ exaretetn̄hōr | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ exarouhōr | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ exare- hōr |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ emaïhōr | ⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ emakhōr | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ emarehōr | ⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲣ emafhōr | ⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ emashōr | ⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ emanhōr | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ ematetn̄hōr | ⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ emauhōr | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ emare- hōr, ema- hōr |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ etexareïhōr, etxareïhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ etexarekhōr, etxarekhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etexarehōr, etxarehōr | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ etexarefhōr, etxarefhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ etexareshōr, etxareshōr | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etexarenhōr, etxarenhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etexaretetn̄hōr, etxaretetn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etexarouhōr, etxarouhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etexare- hōr, etxare- hōr |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ etemaïhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ etemakhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etemarehōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲣ etemafhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ etemashōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ etemanhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etematetn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ etemauhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ etemare- hōr, etema- hōr |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ nexareïhōr | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ nexarekhōr | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ nexarehōr | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ nexarefhōr | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ nexareshōr | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ nexarenhōr | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nexaretetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ nexarouhōr | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nexare- hōr |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ nemaïhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ nemakhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ nemarehōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲣ nemafhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ nemashōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ nemanhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nematetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ nemauhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ nemare- hōr, nema- hōr |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ amaïhōr | ⲁⲙⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ amakhōr | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ amarehōr | ⲁⲙⲁϥϩⲱⲣ amafhōr | ⲁⲙⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ amashōr | ⲁⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ amanhōr | ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ amatetn̄hōr | ⲁⲙⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ amauhōr | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲙⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ amare- hōr, ma- hōr |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲁϩⲱⲣ aïahōr | ⲁⲕⲁϩⲱⲣ akahōr | ⲁⲣⲁϩⲱⲣ arahōr | ⲁϥⲁϩⲱⲣ afahōr | ⲁⲥⲁϩⲱⲣ asahōr | ⲁⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ anahōr | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ atetnahōr | ⲁⲩⲁϩⲱⲣ auahōr | ⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ a- hōr |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nahōr, enahōr | ⲛⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ nekhōr, enekhōr | ⲛⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲣ nehōr, enehōr | ⲛⲉϥϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲉϥϩⲱⲣ nefhōr, enefhōr | ⲛⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ neshōr, eneshōr | ⲛⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ nenhōr, enenhōr | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ netn̄hōr, enetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ neuhōr, eneuhōr | ⲛⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ne- hōr |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ marihōr | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ marefhōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ mareshōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ marn̄hōr | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ marouhōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ mare- hōr |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁϩⲱⲣ mn̄tahōr | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ mn̄tf̄hōr | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ mn̄ts̄hōr | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ mn̄tn̄hōr | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ mn̄touhōr | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ mn̄te- hōr |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁϩⲱⲣ tahōr | ⲕϩⲱⲣ khōr | ⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ tehōr | ϥϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥϩⲱⲣ fhōr, n̄tfhōr | ⲥϩⲱⲣ shōr | ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ tn̄hōr | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ tetn̄hōr | ⲥⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲥⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ sehōr, souhōr | ⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ te- hōr |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ tarihōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ tarekhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ tarehōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ tarefhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ tareshōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ tarn̄hōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ taretetn̄hōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ tarouhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ tare- hōr |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ n̄tarihōr, tarihōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ n̄tarekhōr, tarekhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ n̄tarehōr, tarehōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ n̄tarefhōr, tarefhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ n̄tareshōr, tareshōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ n̄tarn̄hōr, tarn̄hōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ n̄taretn̄hōr, taretn̄hōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ n̄tarouhōr, tarouhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ n̄tare- hōr, tare- hōr |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯϩⲱⲣ šatihōr | ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ šatk̄hōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ šatehōr | ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ šatf̄hōr | ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ šats̄hōr | ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ šatn̄hōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ šatetn̄hōr | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ šatouhōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ šate- hōr |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁϩⲱⲣ aïšahōr, eïšahōr | ⲁⲕϣⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲕϣⲁϩⲱⲣ akšahōr, ekšahōr | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁϩⲱⲣ arešahōr, erešahōr | ⲁϥϣⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϥϣⲁϩⲱⲣ afšahōr, efšahōr | ⲁⲥϣⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲥϣⲁϩⲱⲣ asšahōr, esšahōr | ⲁⲛϣⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛϣⲁϩⲱⲣ anšahōr, enšahōr | ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ ašatetn̄hōr, ešatetn̄hōr | ⲁⲩϣⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲩϣⲁϩⲱⲣ aušahōr, eušahōr | ⲁϣⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ aša- hōr, eša- hōr |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ aïhōr | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ akhōr | ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ arehōr | ⲁϥϩⲱⲣ afhōr | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ ashōr | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ anhōr | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ atetn̄hōr | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ auhōr | ⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ are- hōr |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ϩⲱⲣ hōr | imperative | affirmative | ϩⲱⲣ hōr |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙϩⲱⲣ štemhōr | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣϩⲱⲣ m̀perhōr |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϩⲱⲣ tihōr | ⲕϩⲱⲣ khōr | ⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ tehōr | ϥϩⲱⲣ fhōr | ⲥϩⲱⲣ shōr | ⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ tenhōr | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ tetenhōr | ⲥⲉϩⲱⲣ sehōr | ϩⲱⲣ hōr |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓϩⲱⲣ eihōr | ⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ ekhōr | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ erehōr | ⲉϥϩⲱⲣ efhōr | ⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ eshōr | ⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ enhōr | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ eretenhōr | ⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ euhōr | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ere- hōr |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϩⲱⲣ etihōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ etekhōr | ⲉⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ etehōr | ⲉⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲣ etefhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ eteshōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etenhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etetenhōr | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etouhōr | ⲉⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ete- hōr |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ naihōr | ⲛⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ nakhōr | ⲛⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ narehōr | ⲛⲁϥϩⲱⲣ nafhōr | ⲛⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ nashōr | ⲛⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ nanhōr | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ naretenhōr | ⲛⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ nauhōr | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nare- hōr |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ aihōr | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ akhōr | ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ arehōr | ⲁϥϩⲱⲣ afhōr | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ ashōr | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ anhōr | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ aretenhōr | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ auhōr | ⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ are- hōr |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tinahōr | ⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ khnahōr | ⲧⲉⲣⲁϩⲱⲣ terahōr | ϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ fnahōr | ⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ snahōr | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tennahōr | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tetennahōr | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ senahōr | ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nahōr |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ einahōr | ⲉⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ekhnahōr | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ erenahōr | ⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ efnahōr | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ esnahōr | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ennahōr | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ eretennahōr | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ eunahōr | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ere- nahōr |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etinahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etekhnahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etenahōr | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etefnahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etesnahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etennahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etetennahōr | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etounahōr | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ete- nahōr |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nainahōr | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nakhnahōr | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ narenahōr | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nafnahōr | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nasnahōr | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nannahōr | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ naretennahōr | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ naunahōr | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nare- nahōr |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ainahōr | ⲁⲭⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ akhnahōr | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ arenahōr | ⲁϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ afnahōr | ⲁⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ asnahōr | ⲁⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ annahōr | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ aretennahōr | ⲁⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ aunahōr | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ are- nahōr |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ aihōr | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ akhōr | ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ arehōr | ⲁϥϩⲱⲣ afhōr | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ ashōr | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ anhōr | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ atetenhōr | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ auhōr | ⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ a- hōr |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ m̀pihōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ m̀pekhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ m̀pehōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲣ m̀pefhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ m̀peshōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ m̀penhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ m̀petenhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ m̀pouhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ m̀pe- hōr |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ eaihōr | ⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ eakhōr | ⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ earehōr | ⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲣ eafhōr | ⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ eashōr | ⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ eanhōr | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ eatetenhōr | ⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ eauhōr | ⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ ea- hōr |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ em̀pihōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ em̀pekhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ em̀pehōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲣ em̀pefhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ em̀peshōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ em̀penhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ em̀petenhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ em̀pouhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ em̀pe- hōr |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ etaihōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ etakhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etarehōr | ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲣ etafhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ etashōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ etanhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etaretenhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ etauhōr | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ eta- hōr |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ etm̀pihōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ etm̀pekhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ etm̀pehōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲣ etm̀pefhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ etm̀peshōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etm̀penhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etm̀petenhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etm̀pouhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etm̀pe- hōr |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ neaihōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ neakhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ nearehōr | ⲛⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲣ neafhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ neashōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ neanhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ neatetenhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ neauhōr | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ nea- hōr |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ nem̀pihōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ nem̀pekhōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ nem̀pehōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲱⲣ nem̀pefhōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ nem̀peshōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ nem̀penhōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ nem̀petenhōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ nem̀pouhōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nem̀pe- hōr |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ etaihōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ etakhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etarehōr | ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲣ etafhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ etashōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ etanhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etaretenhōr | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ etauhōr | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ eta- hōr |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ m̀patihōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ m̀patekhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ m̀patehōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲣ m̀patefhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ m̀pateshōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ m̀patenhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ m̀patetenhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ m̀patouhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ m̀pate- hōr |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ em̀patihōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ em̀patekhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ em̀patehōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲣ em̀patefhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ em̀pateshōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ em̀patenhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ em̀patetenhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ em̀patouhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ em̀pate- hōr |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ etm̀patihōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ etm̀patekhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ etm̀patehōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲣ etm̀patefhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ etm̀pateshōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etm̀patenhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etm̀patetenhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etm̀patouhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etm̀pate- hōr |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ nam̀patihōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ nam̀patekhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ nam̀patehōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲣ nam̀patefhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ nam̀pateshōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ nam̀patenhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ nam̀patetenhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ nam̀patouhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nam̀pate- hōr |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ šaihōr | ϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ šakhōr | ϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ šarehōr | ϣⲁϥϩⲱⲣ šafhōr | ϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ šashōr | ϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ šanhōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ šatetenhōr | ϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ šauhōr | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ šare- hōr |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ m̀paihōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ m̀pakhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ m̀parehōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲣ m̀pafhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ m̀pashōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ m̀panhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ m̀paretenhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ m̀pauhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ m̀pare- hōr |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ ešaihōr | ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ ešakhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ ešarehōr | ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲣ ešafhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ ešashōr | ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ ešanhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ ešatetenhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ ešauhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ešare- hōr |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ em̀paihōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ em̀pakhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ em̀parehōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲣ em̀pafhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ em̀pashōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ em̀panhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ em̀paretenhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ em̀pauhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ em̀pare- hōr |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ etšaihōr | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ etšakhōr | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etšarehōr | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥϩⲱⲣ etšafhōr | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ etšashōr | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ etšanhōr | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etšatetenhōr | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ etšauhōr | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etšare- hōr |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ etm̀paihōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ etm̀pakhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etm̀parehōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲣ etm̀pafhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ etm̀pashōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ etm̀panhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etm̀paretenhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ etm̀pauhōr | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etm̀pare- hōr |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ našaihōr | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ našakhōr | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ našarehōr | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥϩⲱⲣ našafhōr | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ našashōr | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ našanhōr | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ našatetenhōr | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ našauhōr | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ našare- hōr |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ nam̀paihōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ nam̀pakhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ nam̀parehōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲣ nam̀pafhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ nam̀pashōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ nam̀panhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ nam̀paretenhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ nam̀pauhōr | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nam̀pare- hōr |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ em̀paihōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ em̀pakhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ em̀parehōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϩⲱⲣ em̀pafhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ em̀pashōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ em̀panhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ em̀paretenhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ em̀pauhōr | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ em̀pare- hōr |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉϩⲱⲣ eiehōr | ⲉⲕⲉϩⲱⲣ ekehōr | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ erehōr | ⲉϥⲉϩⲱⲣ efehōr | ⲉⲥⲉϩⲱⲣ esehōr | ⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲣ enehōr | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲣ eretenehōr | ⲉⲩⲉϩⲱⲣ euehōr | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ere- hōr |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ǹnahōr | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ ǹnekhōr | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϩⲱⲣ ǹnehōr | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϩⲱⲣ ǹnefhōr | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ ǹneshōr | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ ǹnenhōr | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ ǹnetenhōr | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ ǹnouhōr | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ǹne- hōr |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ marihōr | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ marefhōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ mareshōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ marenhōr | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ marouhōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ mare- hōr |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ m̀penthrihōr | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ m̀penthrefhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ m̀penthreshōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ m̀penthrenhōr | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ m̀penthreuhōr | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ m̀penthre- hōr |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϩⲱⲣ ǹtahōr | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ ǹtekhōr | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ ǹtehōr | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲣ ǹtefhōr | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ ǹteshōr | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ ǹtenhōr | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ ǹtetenhōr | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ ǹsehōr, ǹtouhōr | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ǹte- hōr |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ tarihōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ tarekhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ tarehōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ tarefhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ tareshōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ tarenhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ taretenhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ tarouhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ tare- hōr |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯϩⲱⲣ šatihōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ šatekhōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ šatehōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲱⲣ šatefhōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ šateshōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ šatenhōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ šatetenhōr | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ šatouhōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ šate- hōr |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ aišanhōr | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ akšanhōr | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ arešanhōr | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ afšanhōr | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ asšanhōr | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ anšanhōr | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ aretenšanhōr | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ aušanhōr | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ϩⲱⲣ arešan- hōr |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓϩⲱⲣ aihōr | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ akhōr | ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ arehōr | ⲁϥϩⲱⲣ afhōr | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ ashōr | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ anhōr | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ aretenhōr | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ auhōr | ⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ are- hōr |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ϩⲱⲣ hōr | imperative | affirmative | ϩⲱⲣ hōr |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ϩⲱⲣ tm̄hōr | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pr̄hōr |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϩⲱⲣ tihōr | ⲕϩⲱⲣ khōr | ⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ tehōr | ϥϩⲱⲣ fhōr | ⲥϩⲱⲣ shōr | ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ tn̄hōr | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ tetn̄hōr | ⲥⲉϩⲱⲣ sehōr | ϩⲱⲣ hōr |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ eïhōr | ⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ ekhōr | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ erehōr | ⲉϥϩⲱⲣ efhōr | ⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ eshōr | ⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ enhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etetn̄hōr | ⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ euhōr | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ere- hōr |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϩⲱⲣ etihōr | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ etk̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etehōr, eterehōr | ⲉⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ etf̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ ets̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etetn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etouhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etere- hōr |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ neïhōr | ⲛⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ nekhōr | ⲛⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ nerehōr | ⲛⲉϥϩⲱⲣ nefhōr | ⲛⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ neshōr | ⲛⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ nenhōr | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ netetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ neuhōr | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nere- hōr |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tinahōr | ⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ knahōr | ⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tenahōr | ϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ fnahōr | ⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ snahōr | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tn̄nahōr | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ tetnahōr | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ senahōr | ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nahōr |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ eïnahōr | ⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ eknahōr | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ erenahōr | ⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ efnahōr | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ esnahōr | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ennahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etetnahōr | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ eunahōr | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ere- nahōr |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etinahōr | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etk̄nahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etenahōr, eterenahōr | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etf̄nahōr | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ ets̄nahōr | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etn̄nahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etetnahōr | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etounahōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ etere- nahōr |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ neïnahōr | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ neknahōr | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nerenahōr | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nefnahōr | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nesnahōr | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nennahōr | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ netetnahōr | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ neunahōr | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ nere- nahōr |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ aïhōr | ⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ akhōr | ⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ, ⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ ahōr, arhōr, arehōr | ⲁϥϩⲱⲣ afhōr | ⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ ashōr | ⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ anhōr | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ atetn̄hōr | ⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ auhōr | ⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ a- hōr |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ m̄pihōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pk̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pehōr, m̄pr̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pf̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄ps̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pn̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄petn̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ m̄pouhōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ m̄pe- hōr |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ eaïhōr | ⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ eakhōr | ⲉⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ eahōr, earhōr, earehōr | ⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲣ eafhōr | ⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ eashōr | ⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ eanhōr | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ eatetn̄hōr | ⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ eauhōr | ⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ ea- hōr |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ em̄pihōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pk̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pehōr, em̄pr̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pf̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄ps̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pn̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄petn̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ em̄pouhōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ em̄pe- hōr |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ entaïhōr, n̄taïhōr | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ entakhōr, n̄takhōr | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ entahōr, n̄tahōr, entarhōr, n̄tarhōr, entarehōr, n̄tarehōr | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲣ entafhōr, n̄tafhōr | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ entashōr, n̄tashōr | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ entanhōr, n̄tanhōr | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ entatetn̄hōr, n̄tatetn̄hōr | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ entauhōr, n̄tauhōr | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ enta- hōr, n̄ta- hōr |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ etem̄pihōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pk̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pehōr, etem̄pr̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pf̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄ps̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄petn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etem̄pouhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pe- hōr |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ neaïhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ neakhōr | ⲛⲉⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ neahōr, nearhōr, nearehōr | ⲛⲉⲁϥϩⲱⲣ neafhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ neashōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ neanhōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ neatetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ neauhōr | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ nea- hōr |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲱⲣ nem̄pihōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pk̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pehōr, nem̄pr̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pf̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄ps̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄petn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ nem̄pouhōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pe- hōr |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ n̄taïhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ n̄takhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ n̄tahōr, n̄tarhōr, n̄tarehōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲣ n̄tafhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ n̄tashōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ n̄tanhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ n̄tatetn̄hōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ n̄tauhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϩⲱⲣ n̄ta- hōr |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ m̄patihōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄patk̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ m̄patehōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄patf̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄pats̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄patn̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ m̄patetn̄hōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ m̄patouhōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ m̄pate- hōr |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ em̄patihōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄patk̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ em̄patehōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄patf̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄pats̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄patn̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ em̄patetn̄hōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ em̄patouhōr | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ em̄pate- hōr |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ etem̄patihōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄patk̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ etem̄patehōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄patf̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pats̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄patn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etem̄patetn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ etem̄patouhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etem̄pate- hōr |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲱⲣ nem̄patihōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄patk̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ nem̄patehōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄patf̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pats̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄patn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nem̄patetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ nem̄patouhōr | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nem̄pate- hōr |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ šaïhōr | ϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ šakhōr | ϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ šarehōr | ϣⲁϥϩⲱⲣ šafhōr | ϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ šashōr | ϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ šanhōr | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ šatetn̄hōr | ϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ šauhōr | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ šare- hōr |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ meïhōr | ⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ mekhōr | ⲙⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ merehōr | ⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲣ mefhōr | ⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ meshōr | ⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ menhōr | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ metetn̄hōr | ⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ meuhōr | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ mere- hōr |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ ešaïhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ ešakhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ ešarehōr | ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲣ ešafhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ ešashōr | ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ ešanhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ ešatetn̄hōr | ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ ešauhōr | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ešare- hōr |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ emeïhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ emekhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ emerehōr | ⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲣ emefhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ emeshōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ emenhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ emetetn̄hōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ emeuhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ emere- hōr |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ etešaïhōr, ešaïhōr | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ etešakhōr, ešakhōr | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etešarehōr, ešarehōr | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲣ etešafhōr, ešafhōr | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ etešashōr, ešashōr | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ etešanhōr, ešanhōr | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etešatetn̄hōr, ešatetn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ etešauhōr, ešauhōr | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etešare- hōr, ešare- hōr |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ etemeïhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ etemekhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ etemerehōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲣ etemefhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ etemeshōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ etemenhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etemetetn̄hōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ etemeuhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ etemere- hōr |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ nešaïhōr | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲱⲣ nešakhōr | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ nešarehōr | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϩⲱⲣ nešafhōr | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲱⲣ nešashōr | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ nešanhōr | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nešatetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲱⲣ nešauhōr | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nešare- hōr |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ nemeïhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ nemekhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ nemerehōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲣ nemefhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ nemeshōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ nemenhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ nemetetn̄hōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ nemeuhōr | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ nemere- hōr |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ emeïhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ emekhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ emerehōr | ⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲱⲣ emefhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ emeshōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ emenhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ emetetn̄hōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ emeuhōr | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ emere- hōr |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉϩⲱⲣ eïehōr | ⲉⲕⲉϩⲱⲣ ekehōr | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ erehōr | ⲉϥⲉϩⲱⲣ efehōr | ⲉⲥⲉϩⲱⲣ esehōr | ⲉⲛⲉϩⲱⲣ enehōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉϩⲱⲣ etetnehōr | ⲉⲩⲉϩⲱⲣ euehōr | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ere- hōr |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁϩⲱⲣ n̄nahōr | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ n̄nekhōr | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϩⲱⲣ n̄nehōr | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥϩⲱⲣ n̄nefhōr | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ n̄neshōr | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ n̄nenhōr | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ n̄netn̄hōr | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ n̄neuhōr | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ n̄ne- hōr |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ marihōr | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ marefhōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ mareshōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ marn̄hōr | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ marouhōr | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ mare- hōr |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁϩⲱⲣ m̄pr̄trahōr | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ m̄pr̄trefhōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ m̄pr̄treshōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ m̄pr̄trenhōr | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ m̄pr̄treuhōr | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ m̄pr̄tre- hōr |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϩⲱⲣ, ⲧⲁϩⲱⲣ n̄tahōr, tahōr | ⲛ̄ⲅϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲕϩⲱⲣ n̄ghōr, n̄khōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ n̄tehōr | ⲛ̄ϥϩⲱⲣ n̄fhōr | ⲛ̄ⲥϩⲱⲣ n̄shōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ n̄tn̄hōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ n̄tetn̄hōr | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲱⲣ n̄sehōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ n̄te- hōr |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ tarihōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ tarekhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ tarehōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ tarefhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ tareshōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ tarn̄hōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ taretn̄hōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ tarouhōr | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ tare- hōr |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓϩⲱⲣ n̄terihōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ n̄terekhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣϩⲱⲣ n̄terehōr, n̄tererhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥϩⲱⲣ n̄terefhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ n̄tereshōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ n̄tern̄hōr, n̄terenhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ n̄teretn̄hōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ n̄terouhōr | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ n̄tere- hōr |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯϩⲱⲣ šantihōr | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϩⲱⲣ šantk̄hōr | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϩⲱⲣ šantehōr | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϩⲱⲣ šantf̄hōr | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϩⲱⲣ šants̄hōr | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ šantn̄hōr | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ šantetn̄hōr | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϩⲱⲣ šantouhōr | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ šante- hōr |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ eïšanhōr | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ ekšanhōr | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ eršanhōr, erešanhōr | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ efšanhōr | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ esšanhōr | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ enšanhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ etetn̄šanhōr | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲱⲣ eušanhōr | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ϩⲱⲣ eršan- hōr |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲱⲣ eïhōr | ⲉⲕϩⲱⲣ ekhōr | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲱⲣ erehōr | ⲉϥϩⲱⲣ efhōr | ⲉⲥϩⲱⲣ eshōr | ⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ enhōr | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲱⲣ etetn̄hōr | ⲉⲩϩⲱⲣ euhōr | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲱⲣ ere- hōr |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

### References

* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 291
* Vycichl, Werner (1983) Dictionnaire Étymologique de la Langue Copte, Leuven: Peeters, →ISBN