# 誅

| 誅 | U+8A85, &#35461; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A85 |
| ← 誄 [U+8A84] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 誆 → [U+8A86] |

## Translingual
### Han character

誅 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜口竹十木 (YRHJD), four-corner 0569$_0$, composition ⿰訁朱)
* execute, kill, put to death
* punish

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1160, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35472
* Dae Jaweon: page 1625, character 26
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3964, character 9
* Unihan data for U+8A85

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 咮 | *tu, *tus, *tos, *tjo |
| 株 | *to |
| 誅 | *to |
| 邾 | *to |
| 鼄 | *to |
| 跦 | *to |
| 袾 | *to, *tʰjo |
| 鴸 | *to, *tjo |
| 蛛 | *to |
| 殊 | *to, *djo |
| 趎 | *do |
| 珠 | *tjo |
| 朱 | *tjo |
| 侏 | *tjo |
| 絑 | *tjo |
| 祩 | *tjo, *tjos |
| 鮢 | *tjo |
| 硃 | *tjo |
| 姝 | *tʰjo |
| 銖 | *djo |
| 茱 | *djo |
| 洙 | *djo |
| 陎 | *djo |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *to): semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 朱 (OC *tjo).

### Etymology

Perhaps related to 觸 (OC *tʰjoɡ, “to butt, knock against”); see there for more (STEDT).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhū (zhu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tu / ti / chu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhū
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhu
*** Wade–Giles: chu$^1$
*** Yale: jū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ju
*** Palladius: чжу (čžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zyu$^1$
*** Yale: jyū
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzy$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ju$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syː⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tu
*** Tâi-lô: tu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dw
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tu³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tu⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ti
*** Tâi-lô: ti
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dy
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ti⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu
*** Tâi-lô: tsu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zw
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su³³/
* Middle Chinese: trju
Rime :
| Character | 誅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 陟輸切 |
| Baxter | trju |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈuə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶio/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶĭu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶi̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhū |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zyu$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tro/
    (Zhengzhang): /*to/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 誅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhū |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ trju › |
| Old Chinese | /*tro/ |
| English | punish; kill |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 誅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17558 |
| Phonetic component | 朱 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 株 |
| Old Chinese | /*to/ |

### Definitions

誅
* to execute; to kill; to put to death
    From: c. early 9th century, Han Yu (韓愈),《原道》, translated into English as True Faith of a Confucianist by Herbert Allen Giles, 1922.
    Mín bù chū sù mǐ má sī, zuò qìmǐn, tōng huòcái yǐ shì qí shàng, zé zhū. [Pinyin]
    The people who fail to produce grain and flax and silk, fashion articles of everyday use, and interchange commodities in order to fulfil their obligations to their rulers ― should lose their heads.
* to punish
    不教而誅／不教而诛 ― bùjiào'érzhū ― punishing children with no education
* to censure; to blame
    殺人誅心／杀人诛心 ― shārén zhūxīn ― the best way to exterminate someone is to uncover and denounce their evil intentions.
* (Cantonese, mahjong) to discard tiles such that the next player cannot improve their hand
    Antonym: 鬆 / 松 (sung$^1$)

### Compounds

* 不教而誅 / 不教而诛 (bùjiào'érzhū)
* 伏誅 / 伏诛 (fúzhū)
* 受誅 / 受诛 (shòuzhū)
* 口誅筆伐 / 口诛笔伐 (kǒuzhūbǐfá)
* 天誅 / 天诛
* 天誅地滅 / 天诛地灭
* 得而誅之 / 得而诛之
* 撥亂誅暴 / 拨乱诛暴
* 族誅 / 族诛 (zúzhū)
* 比屋而誅 / 比屋而诛
* 神怒天誅 / 神怒天诛
* 禁暴誅亂 / 禁暴诛乱
* 罪不容誅 / 罪不容诛 (zuìbùróngzhū)
* 誅一警百 / 诛一警百
* 誅不避貴 / 诛不避贵
* 誅凶殄逆
* 誅凶討逆 / 诛凶讨逆
* 誅心之論 / 诛心之论 (zhūxīnzhīlùn)
* 誅意 / 诛意
* 誅戮 / 诛戮 (zhūlù)
* 誅暴討逆 / 诛暴讨逆
* 誅殛 / 诛殛
* 誅殺 / 诛杀 (zhūshā)
* 誅求 / 诛求 (zhūqiú)
* 誅求無厭 / 诛求无厌
* 誅求無已 / 诛求无已
* 誅滅 / 诛灭 (zhūmiè)
* 誅盡殺絕 / 诛尽杀绝
* 誅茅 / 诛茅
* 誅討 / 诛讨
* 誅鋤異己 / 诛锄异己
* 鬼戮神誅 / 鬼戮神诛

### References

* “誅”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* blame
* kill, execute

#### Readings

* Go-on: ちゅう (chū)
* Kan-on: ちゅう (chū)
* On: ちゅ (chu)
* Kun: うつ (utsu, 誅つ)、ころす (korosu, 誅す)、せめる (semeru, 誅める)、ほろぼす (horobosu, 誅ぼす)

#### Compounds

* 誅殺(ちゅうさつ) (chūsatsu, “execution”)
* 誅伐(ちゅうばつ) (chūbatsu, “punitive killing”)
* 天誅(てんちゅう) (tenchū, “heaven's punishment”)
* 苛斂誅求(かれんちゅうきゅう) (karenchūkyū, “heavy taxation and demand”)

## Korean
### Hanja

誅 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

誅: Hán Nôm readings: tru, trô
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.