# 趙

| 趙 | U+8D99, &#36249; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8D99 |
| ← 趘 [U+8D98] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 趚 → [U+8D9A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

趙 (Kangxi radical 156, 走+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 土人火月 (GOFB), four-corner 4980$_2$, composition ⿺走肖)

#### Derived characters

* 𡁻 𠠄

#### Related characters

* 赵 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1217, character 50
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37171
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3488, character 1
* Unihan data for U+8D99

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 趙 :
| Spring and Autumn | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 梢 | *sreːw |
| 捎 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 筲 | *sreːw |
| 鞘 | *sreːw, *slewɢs |
| 艄 | *sreːw |
| 蛸 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 髾 | *sreːw |
| 輎 | *sreːw |
| 旓 | *sreːw |
| 弰 | *sreːw |
| 鮹 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 綃 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 颵 | *sreːw |
| 莦 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 娋 | *sreːw, *sreːws |
| 稍 | *sreːws |
| 哨 | *sreːws, *sʰews, *sew |
| 揱 | *sreːwɢs, *slew, *sreːwɢ |
| 潲 | *sreːws |
| 睄 | *sreːws |
| 悄 | *sʰewʔ |
| 俏 | *sʰews |
| 峭 | *sʰews |
| 陗 | *sʰews |
| 帩 | *sʰews |
| 誚 | *zews |
| 消 | *sew |
| 宵 | *sew |
| 霄 | *sew |
| 硝 | *sew |
| 銷 | *sew |
| 逍 | *sew |
| 魈 | *sew |
| 痟 | *slew |
| 焇 | *sew |
| 肖 | *slew, *slews |
| 韒 | *slewɢs |
| 趙 | *l'ewʔ |
| 箾 | *seːw, *sleːw |
| 踃 | *seːw |
| 削 | *slewɢ |
| 矟 | *sreːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'ewʔ): semantic 走 + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhào (zhao$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓㄠˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zao$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ziu$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ziau$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ceu$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chheu
    (Hailu, HRS): chau$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cau$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zau$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): diàu
* Eastern Min (BUC): diêu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dieo$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tiō / tiǒ / tiāu / tiǎu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dio$^6$ / diê$^6$ / dion$^6$ / diên$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zau
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhau$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhào
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhào
*** Wade–Giles: chao$^4$
*** Yale: jàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaw
*** Palladius: чжао (čžao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zao$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zao
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sau²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ziu$^6$
*** Yale: jiuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dziu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jiu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːu̯²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ziau$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siau³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ceu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛu¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chheu
*** Hakka Romanization System: ceu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ceu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰeu̯⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: chau$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰau³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰau⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sau⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: diàu
*** Sinological IPA : /tiau⁴²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: diêu
*** Sinological IPA : /tiɛu²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dieo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tieu²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiō
*** Tâi-lô: tiō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dioi
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɤ³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tio³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tio²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǒ
*** Tâi-lô: tiǒ
*** IPA (Jinjiang): /tio³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tio²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiāu
*** Tâi-lô: tiāu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diau
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiau²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǎu
*** Tâi-lô: tiǎu
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiau²²/
* tiō/tiǒ - vernacular;
* tiāu/tiǎu - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit趙 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂɑu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂau⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂɑu⁵³/ /t͡sɑu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂɔ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tʃɔ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂau³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂau⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʈ͡ʂɔ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂɔ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂɔ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂɔ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sau³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sau¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sao²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂɔ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂɔo⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂɔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sau⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂɔ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sɔ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zɔ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zæ³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡zɔ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /d͡ʑiɛ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiɔ²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰio²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂau⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂaɯ⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰɛu²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰau⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡siu²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡siu²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡siu²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tʰiau²²/ /tio²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tiɛu²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tiau⁴²/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /tio³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡siau³³/ |
* Middle Chinese: drjewX
Rime :
| Character | 趙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (92) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 治小切 |
| Baxter | drjewX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖˠiᴇu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖᵚiɛu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiæu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖiaw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡjɛu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡĭɛu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯ɛu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ziu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]rewʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'ewʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 趙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ drjew$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[d]rewʔ/ |
| English | (surname) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 趙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13758 |
| Phonetic component | 肖 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 肇 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'ewʔ/ |

#### Definitions

趙
* (～國) an ancient city-state, now Hongdong County in Shanxi
* (～國) Zhao, a later and larger state during the Warring States period of Chinese history
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Qín shǐ Wǔ'ān jūn Bái Qǐ jī, dà pò Zhào yú Chángpíng, sìshí yú wàn jìn shā zhī. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (obsolete) to run; to gallop; to move quickly
* a surname, listed first in the Baijiaxing. It is the family name of the Song emperors
    趙紫陽／赵紫阳 ― Zhào Zǐyáng ― Zhao Ziyang (Chinese politician)
    趙本山／赵本山 ― Zhào Běnshān ― Zhao Benshan (Chinese skit and sitcom actor, comedian, television director)
* (neologism) of the Communist Party of China
    See also: 趙家

#### Descendants

* → English: Chao, Zhao, Chiu

#### Compounds

* 丹趙路 / 丹赵路 (Dānzhàolù)
* 伯趙氏 / 伯赵氏
* 前趙 / 前赵 (Qiánzhào)
* 原璧歸趙 / 原璧归赵
* 圍魏救趙 / 围魏救赵 (wéiwèijiùzhào)
* 奉趙 / 奉赵
* 完璧歸趙 / 完璧归赵 (wánbìguīzhào)
* 張王李趙 / 张王李赵 (Zhāng-Wáng-Lǐ-Zhào)
* 後趙 / 后赵 (Hòuzhào)
* 東趙湖 / 东赵湖 (Dōngzhàohú)
* 歸趙 / 归赵
* 璧趙 / 璧赵
* 西趙湖 / 西赵湖 (Xīzhàohú)
* 趙不肖 / 赵不肖
* 趙五娘 / 赵五娘
* 趙公明 / 赵公明
* 趙女 / 赵女
* 趙宋 / 赵宋 (Zhàosòng)
* 趙家 / 赵家 (Zhàojiā)
* 趙家畈 / 赵家畈 (Zhàojiāfàn)
* 趙旺 / 赵旺
* 趙村 / 赵村 (Zhàocūn)
* 趙李橋 / 赵李桥 (Zhàolǐqiáo)
* 趙棚 / 赵棚 (Zhàopéng)
* 趙武靈王 / 赵武灵王
* 趙氏孤兒 / 赵氏孤儿
* 趙溝 / 赵沟 (Zhàogōu)
* 趙灣 / 赵湾 (Zhàowān)
* 趙玄壇 / 赵玄坛
* 趙禮讓肥 / 赵礼让肥
* 趙莊 / 赵庄 (Zhàozhuāng)
* 趙集 / 赵集 (Zhàojí)
* 趙雞子 / 赵鸡子
* 趙體 / 赵体

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): diào (diao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tiu$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: diào
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: diào
*** Wade–Giles: tiao$^4$
*** Yale: dyàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diaw
*** Palladius: дяо (djao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tiu$^5$
*** Yale: tíuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tiu$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tiu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːu̯¹³/

#### Definitions

趙
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to weed the ground; to hoe
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Qí lì yī jiū, qí bó sī diào, yǐ hāo túliǎo. [Pinyin]
    With their light splint hats on their heads, They ply their hoes on the ground, Clearing away the smart-weed on the dry land and wet.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ちょう (chō)、じょう (jō)
* Kun: こえる (koeru, 趙える)、およぶ (oyobu)、すばしこい (subashikoi)

## Korean
### Hanja

趙 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
* a surname

## Vietnamese
### Han character

趙: Hán Nôm readings: Triệu, triệu
* Chữ Hán form of Triệu (“a surname from Chinese”).
    趙氏貞 ― Triệu Thị Trinh