# 油

| 油 | U+6CB9, &#27833; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CB9 |
| ← 沸 [U+6CB8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 沺 → [U+6CBA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

油 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水中田 (ELW), four-corner 3516$_0$, composition ⿰氵由)

#### Derived characters

* 𠶢, 𣓐, 𰃑, 𭳂, 𫈜, 𩭶

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 614, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17253
* Dae Jaweon: page 1007, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1585, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6CB9

## Chinese

* 油 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 油 (Cantonese)
* 油 (Classical)
* iû (Southern Min)
* 油 (Wu)

### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 油
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 袖 | *ljɯwɢs |
| 岫 | *ljɯwɢs |
| 牰 | *ljɯwɢs, *lɯwɢs |
| 抽 | *l̥ʰɯw |
| 妯 | *l̥ʰɯw, *l'ɯwɢ |
| 紬 | *l'ɯw |
| 怞 | *l'ɯw |
| 鮋 | *l'ɯw, *ɦljɯw, *lɯw |
| 菗 | *rlɯw |
| 宙 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 胄 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 冑 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 伷 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 駎 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 油 | *lɯw, *lɯwɢs |
| 由 | *lɯw |
| 蚰 | *lɯw |
| 秞 | *lɯw |
| 邮 | *lɯw |
| 釉 | *lɯwɢs |
| 柚 | *lɯwɢs, *l'ɯwɢ |
| 鼬 | *lɯwɢs |
| 苖 | *l'ɯːwɢ, *l̥ʰɯwɢ |
| 笛 | *l'ɯːwɢ |
| 迪 | *l'ɯːwɢ |
| 頔 | *l'ɯːwɢ |
| 軸 | *l'ɯwɢ |
| 舳 | *l'ɯwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lɯw, *lɯwɢs): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw).

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### “weeb”

    From the stereotype of weebs (see 肥宅 (féizhái)).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yóu (you$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): you$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): yóu
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): yóu
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ю (i͡u, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jau$^4$ / jau$^{4-2}$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): jaau$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yiu$^3$ / yiu$^{3*}$
    (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): jau$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): iu$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yù
    (Hailu, HRS): rhiu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yu$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): iou$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): iû
* Eastern Min (BUC): iù
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): iu$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): iû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iu$^5$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): iu$^5$ / yiu$^5$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): jau$^4$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^6$yeu / $^2$yeu / $^2$yu / $^2$you
** (Jinhua): $^2$ieu
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): iou$^2$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): iou$^2$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): iu$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yóu
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yóu
*** Wade–Giles: yu$^2$
*** Yale: yóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: you
*** Palladius: ю (ju)
*** Sinological IPA : /joʊ̯³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: you$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: iu
*** Sinological IPA : /iəu²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: yóu
*** Sinological IPA : /iɤu²⁴/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: yóu
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): you$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /iəɯ²⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ю (i͡u, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /iou²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jau$^4$ / jau$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: yàuh / yáu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jau$^4$ / jau$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yeo$^4$ / yeo$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐu̯²¹/, /jɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: jaau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /zau²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yiu$^3$ / yiu$^{3*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiu²²/, /jiu²²⁻²²⁵/
** (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
*** Jyutping++: jau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐu⁴²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: iu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /iu³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
*** Hakka Romanization System: iu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯u¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhiu
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒiu⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /iu¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: iou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /iəu¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iû
*** Sinological IPA : /iu³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: iù
*** Sinological IPA : /ieu⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: iu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /iu¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iû
*** Tâi-lô: iû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iuu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kinmen, Philippines): /iu²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iu$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iû
*** Sinological IPA : /iu⁵⁵/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: iu$^5$ / yiu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /iu²²/, /ziu²²/
* iu5 - vernacular;
* yiu5 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: yuw
Rime :
| Character | 油 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 以周切 |
| Baxter | yuw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /juw/ |
| Li Rong | /iu/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭəu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yóu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[l][u]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*lɯw/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 油 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yóu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yuw › |
| Old Chinese | /*[l][u]/ |
| English | flow(ing) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 油 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 15525 |
| Phonetic component | 由 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 猷 |
| Old Chinese | /*lɯw/ |
| Notes | 象柚實，爲柚初文；柚爲條，由枿亦稱木生條， 同音相借 |

#### Definitions

油
* name of an ancient river
* oil: fat, grease, lard, etc.
    麻油 ― máyóu ― sesame oil
    豬油／猪油 ― zhūyóu ― lard
    機油／机油 ― jīyóu ― engine oil
       caau$^2$ coi$^3$ jiu$^3$ lok$^6$ jau$^4$. [Jyutping]
       You need to add oil when you stir-fry vegetables.
* petroleum; fuel
    石油 ― shíyóu ― petroleum; oil
    漏油 [Cantonese] ― lau$^6$ jau$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― to leak fuel
    加油 ― jiāyóu ― to refuel
    油站 [Cantonese] ― jau$^4$ zaam$^6$ [Jyutping] ― petrol station; gas station
* to paint
    油屋 [Cantonese] ― jau$^4$ uk$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to paint the house
* (Cantonese) Short for 油漆 (“paint”).
       di$^1$ jau$^{4-2}$ mei$^6$ gon$^1$ aa$^3$. [Jyutping]
       The paint hasn't dried yet.
    油油 [Cantonese] ― jau$^4$ jau$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― to apply paint
* (Cantonese) to colour (with crayons, coloured pencils, oil pastel, etc.)
       lou$^5$ si$^1$ zoeng$^1$ dai$^{6-4}$ dai$^{6-2}$ jau$^4$ go$^2$ fuk$^1$ waa$^2$ tip$^3$ tong$^4$. [Jyutping]
       The teacher posted the picture that my brother coloured on the board.
* (Cantonese) Short for 油門／油门 (yóumén, “accelerator; gas pedal; throttle”).
    踩油 [Cantonese] ― caai$^2$ jau$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― to hit the gas; to accelerate
* (Cantonese) oily
* to be grease-stained
* sly; glib
* vigorous, abundant
* shiny
* sweet-tempered, acquiescent
* flippant and insincere
* dark
* (chiefly Taiwan, originally ACG, slang, sometimes self-deprecatory) resembling a weeb; obsessive towards ACG
    好油喔peko～ ― hǎo yóu ō peko ~ ― You're such a weeb peko~ (a self-deprecatory phrase among the Hololive fandom, where “peko” is the catchprase of its VTuber Usada Pekora)
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 一簍油 / 一篓油
* 下油鍋 / 下油锅
* 不乾性油 / 不干性油
* 丟油撒水 / 丢油撒水
* 中油 (zhōngyóu)
* 中質原油 / 中质原油
* 亞麻仁油 / 亚麻仁油
* 京油子
* 儲油構造 / 储油构造
* 光油油 (guāngyóuyóu)
* 加油 (jiāyóu)
* 加油加醋
* 加油機 / 加油机
* 加油添醋
* 加油添醬 / 加油添酱
* 加油站 (jiāyóuzhàn)
* 動物油 / 动物油 (dòngwùyóu)
* 化油器 (huàyóuqì)
* 北海油礦 / 北海油矿
* 印油
* 原油 (yuányóu)
* 合成石油
* 吸油煙機 / 吸油烟机
* 地下油行
* 壓雪求油 / 压雪求油
* 大型油輪 / 大型油轮
* 大豆油
* 奶油 (nǎiyóu)
* 定光油兒 / 定光油儿
* 小油嘴兒 / 小油嘴儿
* 巴油池
* 廣東油桐 / 广东油桐
* 打油 (dǎyóu)
* 打油詩 / 打油诗 (dǎyóushī)
* 打油飛 / 打油飞
* 抹油嘴
* 抽油煙機 / 抽油烟机 (chōuyóuyānjī)
* 拖油瓶 (tuōyóupíng)
* 指甲油
* 揩油
* 揮發油 / 挥发油
* 撇油
* 撇油兒 / 撇油儿
* 撈油水 / 捞油水
* 擋油牆 / 挡油墙
* 收油
* 期油 (qīyóu)
* 木焦油
* 木花油
* 木餾油 / 木馏油 (mùliúyóu)
* 杏仁油 (xìngrényóu)
* 板油 (bǎnyóu)
* 松節油 / 松节油 (sōngjiéyóu)
* 松香油
* 柏木油
* 柏油 (bǎiyóu)
* 柴油 (cháiyóu)
* 柴油機 / 柴油机 (cháiyóujī)
* 柏油紙 / 柏油纸
* 柏油路 (bǎiyóulù)
* 柴米油鹽 / 柴米油盐 (cháimǐyóuyán)
* 柴米油鹽醬醋茶 / 柴米油盐酱醋茶 (chái mǐ yóu yán jiàng cù chá)
* 桐油 (tóngyóu)
* 植物油 (zhíwùyóu)
* 椰子油 (yēziyóu)
* 榨油水
* 樟腦油 / 樟脑油
* 機器油 / 机器油
* 機械油 / 机械油
* 橄欖油 / 橄榄油 (gǎnlǎnyóu)
* 機油 / 机油 (jīyóu)
* 沙拉油 (shālāyóu)
* 汽油 (qìyóu)
* 沏油
* 汽油引擎
* 汽油燈 / 汽油灯
* 油井 (yóujǐng)
* 油亮
* 油令
* 油倣紙 / 油仿纸
* 油價 / 油价 (yóujià)
* 油元
* 油光 (yóuguāng)
* 油光水滑
* 油加利
* 油印 (yóuyìn)
* 油印機 / 油印机 (yóuyìnjī)
* 油品 (yóupǐn)
* 油單 / 油单
* 油嘴 (yóuzuǐ)
* 油嘴滑舌 (yóuzuǐhuáshé)
* 油回磨轉 / 油回磨转
* 油土
* 油坊
* 油垢 (yóugòu)
* 油壁車 / 油壁车 (yóubìchē)
* 油壓 / 油压 (yóuyā)
* 油夥兒 / 油伙儿
* 油子 (yóuzi)
* 油層 / 油层
* 油布 (yóubù)
* 油幌幌
* 油庫 / 油库 (yóukù)
* 油彩
* 油性 (yóuxìng)
* 油搭扇
* 油料 (yóuliào)
* 油星
* 油晃晃
* 油木梳
* 油杉
* 油松
* 油果子
* 油柿
* 油枯 (yóukū)
* 油柑 (yóugān)
* 油桃 (yóutáo)
* 油桐 (yóutóng)
* 油桶
* 油條 / 油条 (yóutiáo)
* 油棕
* 油棹
* 油樣 / 油样
* 油橄欖 / 油橄榄 (yóugǎnlǎn)
* 油氈 / 油毡
* 油氣 / 油气 (yóuqì)
* 油氣彈 / 油气弹
* 油氣比 / 油气比
* 油水 (yóushuǐ)
* 油汙 / 油污 (yóuwū)
* 油汙染 / 油污染
* 油汪汪
* 油油 (yóuyóu)
* 油泥 (yóuní)
* 油渣 (yóuzhā)
* 油渣子
* 油滑 (yóuhuá)
* 油源
* 油漆 (yóuqī)
* 油滴 (yóudī)
* 油漬 / 油渍 (yóuzì)
* 油漆匠
* 油漬罐頭 / 油渍罐头
* 油灰 (yóuhuī)
* 油炸 (yóuzhá)
* 油然 (yóurán)
* 油然而生 (yóurán'érshēng)
* 油煠 (yóuzhá)
* 油煙 / 油烟 (yóuyān)
* 油煠糊猻 / 油煠糊狲
* 油燈 / 油灯 (yóudēng)
* 油瓶
* 油田 (yóutián)
* 油畫 / 油画 (yóuhuà)
* 油皮
* 油盡燈枯 / 油尽灯枯
* 油盤 / 油盘
* 油石
* 油泵
* 油碧幢
* 油碧車 / 油碧车
* 油礦 / 油矿
* 油箱 (yóuxiāng)
* 油簍 / 油篓
* 油粉彩 (yóufěncǎi)
* 油紙 / 油纸 (yóuzhǐ)
* 油素
* 油紙傘 / 油纸伞
* 油紙扇 / 油纸扇
* 油紙捻子 / 油纸捻子
* 油絡 / 油络
* 油綠 / 油绿
* 油罐車 / 油罐车 (yóuguànchē)
* 油脂 (yóuzhī)
* 油腔滑調 / 油腔滑调 (yóuqiānghuádiào)
* 油膩 / 油腻 (yóunì)
* 油膩膩 / 油腻腻
* 油船 (yóuchuán)
* 油花
* 油花伎倆 / 油花伎俩
* 油花卜
* 油花和尚
* 油花嘴
* 油苗
* 油茶 (yóuchá)
* 油茶麵兒 / 油茶面儿
* 油菜 (yóucài)
* 油葫蘆 / 油葫芦
* 油蓋 / 油盖
* 油藏
* 油行
* 油衣
* 油裙
* 油裡滑 / 油里滑
* 油車 / 油车 (yóuchē)
* 油軿 / 油𫐌
* 油輪 / 油轮 (yóulún)
* 油酥 (yóusū)
* 油酸 (yóusuān)
* 油鍋 / 油锅 (yóuguō)
* 油門 / 油门 (yóumén)
* 油雞 / 油鸡 (yóujī)
* 油靴
* 油鞋
* 油頁岩 / 油页岩
* 油頭 / 油头 (yóutóu)
* 油頭光棍 / 油头光棍
* 油頭滑腦 / 油头滑脑
* 油頭滑臉 / 油头滑脸
* 油頭粉面 / 油头粉面
* 油風 / 油风
* 油飯 / 油饭 (yóufàn)
* 油飾 / 油饰
* 油餅 / 油饼 (yóubǐng)
* 油香
* 油鬥 / 油斗
* 油鬼
* 油麵 / 油面 (yóumiàn)
* 油麻 (yóumá)
* 油墨 (yóumò)
* 油點兒 / 油点儿
* 油點草 / 油点草
* 洋油 (yángyóu)
* 海上採油 / 海上采油
* 添油加醋 (tiānyóujiācù)
* 清涼油 / 清凉油
* 溢油 (yìyóu)
* 溜油光
* 滷蝦油 / 卤虾油
* 潑油救火 / 泼油救火 (pōyóujiùhuǒ)
* 火上加油 (huǒshàngjiāyóu)
* 火上添油
* 火上澆油 / 火上浇油 (huǒshàngjiāoyóu)
* 火油 (huǒyóu)
* 烏油油 / 乌油油 (wūyóuyóu)
* 焌油
* 焦油 (jiāoyóu)
* 無鉛汽油 / 无铅汽油
* 煤油 (méiyóu)
* 煉油 / 炼油
* 煉油廠 / 炼油厂 (liànyóuchǎng)
* 煤油燈 / 煤油灯 (méiyóudēng)
* 煤焦油 (méijiāoyóu)
* 煙袋油子 / 烟袋油子
* 煤黑油
* 熬油
* 燈油 / 灯油 (dēngyóu)
* 燈油錢 / 灯油钱
* 燈淺無油 / 灯浅无油
* 牛乳油
* 牛油 (niúyóu)
* 猛火油
* 甘油 (gānyóu)
* 生油 (shēngyóu)
* 白絞油 / 白绞油
* 白脫油 / 白脱油
* 白花油
* 目油 (ba̍k-iû) (Min Nan)
* 省油燈 / 省油灯
* 省油的燈 / 省油的灯 (shěngyóu de dēng)
* 石油 (shíyóu)
* 石油危機 / 石油危机
* 石油氣 / 石油气 (shíyóuqì)
* 石油腦 / 石油脑
* 石油蕉
* 硝化甘油 (xiāohuàgānyóu)
* 礦油 / 矿油
* 礦物油 / 矿物油
* 萬金油 / 万金油 (wànjīnyóu)
* 空中加油
* 米油
* 粉面油頭 / 粉面油头
* 精油 (jīngyóu)
* 糠油
* 紅油 / 红油 (hóngyóu)
* 素油 (sùyóu)
* 綠油油 / 绿油油 (lǜyóuyóu)
* 美孚油
* 老油子 (lǎoyóuzi)
* 老油條 / 老油条 (lǎoyóutiáo)
* 聖油 / 圣油 (shèngyóu)
* 肥油 (féiyóu)
* 胡麻油 (húmáyóu)
* 脂油 (zhīyóu)
* 腳底抹油 / 脚底抹油 (jiǎodǐmǒyóu)
* 膏藥油子 / 膏药油子
* 芥子油
* 花生油 (huāshēngyóu)
* 芝麻油 (zhīmayóu)
* 苦茶油
* 茶油 (cháyóu)
* 茶精油
* 菜油 (càiyóu)
* 菜油燈 / 菜油灯
* 蓖麻油 (bìmáyóu)
* 蔭油 / 荫油 (yìnyóu)
* 蔥油 / 葱油
* 蔥油拌麵 / 葱油拌面
* 蔥油雞 / 葱油鸡
* 蔥油餅 / 葱油饼 (cōngyóubǐng)
* 薄荷油 (bòhéyóu)
* 蘇子油 / 苏子油
* 蛇油
* 蜜裡調油 / 蜜里调油
* 蠔油 / 蚝油 (háoyóu)
* 蠟油 / 蜡油
* 蠶蛹油 / 蚕蛹油 (cányǒngyóu)
* 討油水 / 讨油水
* 豆油 (dòuyóu)
* 豆豉油
* 豬油 / 猪油 (zhūyóu)
* 走油
* 走油子
* 踩油 (cǎiyóu)
* 輕油 / 轻油 (qīngyóu)
* 輸油管 / 输油管
* 酥油 (sūyóu)
* 醬油 / 酱油 (jiàngyóu)
* 重油 (zhòngyóu)
* 重質原油 / 重质原油
* 金油
* 防晒油 (fángshàiyóu)
* 雄黃油 / 雄黄油
* 靛油 (diànyóu)
* 鞋油 (xiéyóu)
* 頭油 / 头油 (tóuyóu)
* 食油 (shíyóu)
* 餿水油 / 馊水油
* 香油 (xiāngyóu)
* 香油錢 / 香油钱
* 香蕉油
* 高級汽油 / 高级汽油
* 髮油 / 发油
* 鬧油 / 闹油
* 鬼胡油
* 魚油 / 鱼油 (yúyóu)
* 魚肝油 / 鱼肝油 (yúgānyóu)
* 鮮奶油 / 鲜奶油 (xiānnǎiyóu)
* 鯨油 / 鲸油 (jīngyóu)
* 鰵魚肝油 / 鳘鱼肝油
* 麻油 (máyóu)
* 麻油雞 / 麻油鸡
* 黃油 / 黄油 (huángyóu)
* 黏油 (niányóu)
* 黑油油
* 黑醬油 / 黑酱油
* 墨油

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: dầu (𪽠)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yòu (you$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jau$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yòu
*** Wade–Giles: yu$^4$
*** Yale: yòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yow
*** Palladius: ю (ju)
*** Sinological IPA : /joʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jau$^6$
*** Yale: yauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jau$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yeo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐu̯²²/
* Middle Chinese: yuwH
Rime :
| Character | 油 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 余救切 |
| Baxter | yuwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /juw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /iu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭəu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yòu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jau$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*lɯwɢs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 油 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 15534 |
| Phonetic component | 由 |
| Rime group | 奧 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 狖 |
| Old Chinese | /*lɯwɢs/ |

#### Definitions

油
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 釉 (yòu, “to glaze”)
* Used in 浩油.

### References

* “油”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “油”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “油”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 289.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ゆ (yu, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ゆう (yū)
* Kun: あぶら (abura, 油, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 橄(かん)欖(らん)油(ゆ) (kanran'yu): olive oil
* 魚(ぎょ)油(ゆ) (gyoyu): fish oil
* 苦(く)扁(へん)桃(とう)油(ゆ) (kuhentōyu): bitter almond oil
* 鯨(げい)油(ゆ) (geiyu): whale oil
* 醤(しょう)油(ゆ) (shōyu): soy sauce
* テレビン油(ゆ) (terebin'yu): turpentine
* 扁(へん)桃(とう)油(ゆ) (hentōyu): almond oil
* 松(まつ)脂(やに)油(あぶら) (matsuyaniabura): turpentine
* 油(ゆ)井(せい) (yusei): oil well
* 油(ゆ)性(せい) (yusei): oiliness; oil-based
* 油(ゆ)田(でん) (yuden): oil field
* 辣(ラー)油(ユ) (rāyu): chili oil

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 油
* あぶら Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 油 – see the following entry. :
| 【あぶら】 | [noun] 油, 膏: oil [noun] (puristic)油: petroleum Alternative spelling 膏 |
(This term, 油, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

油 (eumhun 기름 유 (gireum yu))
* hanja form of 유 (“oil”)

## Kunigami
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: あんだー (andā, 油)

### Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 油 (abura).

### Noun

油(あんだー) (andā)
* oil

## Miyako
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: あっゔぁ (avva, 油)

### Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 油 (abura).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /avva/, /aʋva/, /aʋʋa/

### Noun

油 (hiragana あっゔぁ, romaji avva)
* oil

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: あんだ (anda, 油)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 油
* あんだ Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
Cognate with Japanese 油 (abura).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʔan̩da]

### Noun

油(あんだ) or 油(あんだー) (anda or andā)
* oil; petroleum; fuel

#### Derived terms

* 油(あんだ)虫(むさー) (andamusā, “slug”)
* 油(あんだ)人(ちゅー) (andachū, “green grass lizard (Takydromus smaragdinus)”)
* 油揚(あんだ)ぎー (andagī, “andagi”)
* 砂糖(さーたー)油揚(あんだ)ぎー (sātāandagī, “sata andagi”)

### References

* “あんだ【油】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
* “あんだー【油】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

油: Hán Việt readings: du
油: Nôm readings: dầu, dàu, dàu, rầu, ru, dù, râu, trầu, dư, dẫu
* chữ Hán form of du (“oil”).
* chữ Nôm form of dầu (“oil”).

#### Compounds

* 油𫗒 (dầu ăn)

#### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Trần (2004).
* ↑ Trần (1999).
* ↑ Nguyễn (1974).
* ↑ Thiều Chửu (1942).