# ax
## English
### Pronunciation

* enPR: ăks, IPA: /æks/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -æks

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

ax (plural axes)
* (American spelling) Alternative form of axe

##### Derived terms

* axhandle
* axhead
* axless
* axlike
* axman
* axstone
* axwoman
* give the ax

#### Verb

ax (third-person singular simple present axes, present participle axing, simple past and past participle axed)
* (American spelling) Alternative form of axe

### Etymology 2

From Middle English axen, aksen, axien, from Old English ācsian and āxian, showing metathesis from āscian. Ax/aks was common in literary works until about 1600.

#### Verb

ax (third-person singular simple present axes, present participle axing, simple past and past participle axed)
* (now nonstandard or dialectical, especially African-American Vernacular, MLE and Bermuda) Alternative form of ask
** 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Acts:When they were come togedder, they axed off hym, sayinge: Master wilt thou at this tyme restore agayne the kyngdom of israhel?
** 1836, Joanna Baillie, The Alienated Manor, act 4:Dolly: And if so be, why did you ax me to keep you company? Housekeeper wants me below to pick raisins.
** 1879, William Barnes, “The Welshnut Tree”, in Complete Poems, volume 1, page 106:Ar try who'l ax em the hardest riddle, Ar soonest vind out oone put us, true...
** 1887, Gilbert and Sullivan, Ruddigore, act 1:Richard Dauntless: "But, axin' your pardon, miss, might I be permitted to salute the flag I'm a-goin' to sail under?"
** 1979, Verna Mae Slone, What My Heart Wants to Tell, page 18:‘I axed him if he knowed the way and he said he had not fergitten the lay of the land.’
** 2006 Sept. 17, David Mills, "Soft Eyes", The Wire, 00:19:01:
    Wise: Your boy left here a while ago Johnson: I ain' lookin' for him. He at his granmother's. I wanted to ax you somethin'.
** 2013 September 5, James Burton, The Bermuda Sun‎, archived from the original on 12 December 2022:He's cool. Does triathlons dahn de Sahn. Don't drink. Ax me if I want a lift to de beach — he hurd it's a dahnce goin on dahn thurr.

##### Usage notes

* This and related forms of ask have been used since Old English and were long employed in literature and prestige dialects. Chaucer used ask, ax, and axe interchangeably. They remain in use in some rural areas of Britain and Appalachia but are now regarded as nonstandard and are primarily associated with AAVE dialects in the US and MLE or West Country dialects in the UK, as well as being in some Irish English dialects, and sometimes in New Zealand, especially among Maori English speakers.

### References

* McWhorter, John. "The 'Ax' versus 'Ask' Question", LA Times, 19 Jan. 2014.

## Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl
### Adverb

ax
* not

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse ax.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /axs/, /aks/

### Noun

ax n (genitive singular ax, nominative plural öx)
* ear (of corn)

#### Declension
## Jamaican Creole
### Verb

ax
* Alternative spelling of aks.
** 2006, Amina Blackwood-Meeks, “Aiming at your dreams”, in The Jamaica Gleaner‎ (in Jamaican Creole):“Well she sey one a de man dem come right up to har car window an show har fe him sign wid him finga, order har outa de plaza like sey it was him personal yaad an ax har if she tink sey chu hooman a go tun Prime Minista she can jus come park which part she have a mind. […] ”So she said one of the men walked right up to her car window and pointed at his sign with his finger and ordered her to leave the plaza as if it were his own home. He asked her if she thought that the fact that a woman was going to become Prime Minister that she could just park anywhere she wanted to. […]

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English æx, æcs, from Proto-West Germanic *akusi.

#### Alternative forms

* axe, ex, exe
* (early) æxæ, æxe

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aks/
* Rhymes: -aks

#### Noun

ax (plural axes)
* An axe (tool)
* An axe (weapon)

##### Descendants

* English: axe, ax
* Scots: aix

##### References

* “ax(e, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-24.

### Etymology 2

From Old English eax, from Proto-Germanic *ahsu.

#### Alternative forms

* ȝex

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aks/
* Rhymes: -aks

#### Noun

ax (plural axes)
* (rare) An axle, axletree, pole

##### Derived terms

* extre

##### References

* “ax(e, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-24.

## Northern Kurdish
### Etymology

Akin to Persian خاک (xâk, “earth, soil, dust”). From Proto-Iranian *HáHhah, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs- (“to be dry”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑːx/

### Noun

ax f (Arabic spelling ئاخ)
* dirt, ground, soil, earth
    Synonyms: erd, xwelî
* dust
    Synonym: xubar
* matter

#### Derived terms

* binax

### References

* Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “ax”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 14

## Old French
### Contraction

ax
* Contraction of a + les (to the)

## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ahsą, from *ahaz (“ear (of grain)”).

### Noun

ax n (genitive ax, plural ǫx)
* ear (of corn)

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: ax
* Norwegian Nynorsk: aks
* Norwegian Bokmål: aks
* Old Swedish: ax
** Swedish: ax
* Danish: aks

### Further reading

Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “ax”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French axe, from Latin axis. Doublet of axă and osie.

### Noun

ax n (plural axe)
* axle
* axis

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse ax.

### Noun

ax n
* an ear (fruiting body of a grain plant)

#### Declension
### Verb

ax (present ax, preterite ax, supine ax, imperative ax)
* (slang) Alternative form of axa

### References

* ax in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* ax in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* ax in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Slangopedia