# 穡

| 穡 | U+7A61, &#31329; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A61 |
| ← 穠 [U+7A60] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 穢 → [U+7A62] |

## Translingual
### Han character

穡 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹木土人田 (HDGOW), four-corner 2496$_1$, composition ⿰禾嗇)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 860, character 42
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25325
* Dae Jaweon: page 1287, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2634, character 5
* Unihan data for U+7A61

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 穡
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 濇 | *srɯb, *srɯɡ |
| 嗇 | *srɯɡ |
| 穡 | *srɯɡ |
| 薔 | *zaŋ, *srɯɡ |
| 轖 | *srɯɡ |
| 繬 | *srɯɡ |
| 嬙 | *zaŋ, *srɯɡ |
| 懎 | *srɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *srɯɡ): semantic 禾 (“cereal; grain”) + phonetic 嗇 (OC *srɯɡ). Specialization of 嗇 (OC *srɯɡ).

### Etymology 1

Probably related to 采 (OC *s.r̥ˤəʔ, “to pluck”) (Baxter, 1992; Sagart, 1999; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). See there for more.
Schuessler (2007) compares it to Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-šak (“to pluck; to pick (a fruit, etc.)”), as well as Khmer ច្រូត (crout, “to reap; to harvest”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sè (se$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄜˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sik$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): set$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sit
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sêd$^5$
* Northern Min (KCR): să̤
* Eastern Min (BUC): sáik
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sit / sek / siak
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêg$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$seq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sè
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sè
*** Wade–Giles: sê$^4$
*** Yale: sè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
*** Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /sɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sik$^1$
*** Yale: sīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪk̚⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: set$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /set̚⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sit
*** Hakka Romanization System: xid$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xid$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /sit̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: sêd$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɛt̚¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: să̤
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛ²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sáik
*** Sinological IPA : /saiʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sit
*** Tâi-lô: sit
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sid
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sit̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
*** Tâi-lô: sik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: seg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
*** Tâi-lô: siak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵/
* sit - vernacular;
* sek/siak - literary.
* Middle Chinese: srik
Rime :
| Character | 穡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 所力切 |
| Baxter | srik |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃiek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃiək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃĭək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂi̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | she |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.rək/
    (Zhengzhang): /*srɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 穡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ srik › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.rək/ |
| English | reap |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 穡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10993 |
| Phonetic component | 嗇 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 色 |
| Old Chinese | /*srɯɡ/ |
| Notes | 嗇轉註字 |

#### Definitions

穡
* to harvest; to reap
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) harvest; crops
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to plant crops; to cultivate; to work on a farm
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) ear of grain
* (literary or Hokkien) farming; farm labour
* (Hokkien) work; labour (in general)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to link together; to connect; to hook together

#### Compounds

* 不稼不穡 / 不稼不穑
* 作穡 / 作穑
* 作穡人 / 作穑人
* 作穡的 / 作穑的
* 做穡 / 做穑
* 力穡 / 力穑
* 務穡 / 务穑
* 包穡頭 / 包穑头
* 寶穡 / 宝穑
* 幼穡 / 幼穑
* 本穡 / 本穑
* 桑穡 / 桑穑
* 產穡 / 产穑
* 田穡 / 田穑
* 省穡 / 省穑
* 瞻蒲勸穡 / 瞻蒲劝穑
* 秋穡 / 秋穑
* 稼穡 / 稼穑 (jiàsè)
* 稷穡 / 稷穑
* 稼穡翁 / 稼穑翁
* 稼穡艱難 / 稼穑艰难
* 穡事 / 穑事
* 穡人 / 穑人
* 穡地 / 穑地
* 穡夫 / 穑夫
* 穡民 / 穑民
* 穡督 / 穑督
* 穡臣 / 穑臣
* 穡路 / 穑路
* 穡頭 / 穑头 (sit-thâu) (Min Nan)
* 穡養 / 穑养
* 粗穡 / 粗穑
* 耕穡 / 耕穑
* 蠶穡 / 蚕穑
* 貿穡 / 贸穑
* 貿穡路 / 贸穑路
* 農穡 / 农穑

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sè (se$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sik$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sè
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sè
*** Wade–Giles: sê$^4$
*** Yale: sè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
*** Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /sɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sik$^1$
*** Yale: sīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪk̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: srik
Rime :
| Character | 穡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 所力切 |
| Baxter | srik |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃiek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃiək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃĭək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂi̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | she |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*srɯɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 穡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10993 |
| Phonetic component | 嗇 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 色 |
| Old Chinese | /*srɯɡ/ |
| Notes | 嗇轉註字 |

#### Definitions

穡
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 嗇 / 啬 (sè, “to cherish; to not waste”)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sè (se$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sik$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sè
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sè
*** Wade–Giles: sê$^4$
*** Yale: sè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: seh
*** Palladius: сэ (sɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /sɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sik$^1$
*** Yale: sīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪk̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: srik
Rime :
| Character | 穡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 所力切 |
| Baxter | srik |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃiek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃiək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃĭək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂi̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | she |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*srɯɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 穡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10993 |
| Phonetic component | 嗇 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 色 |
| Old Chinese | /*srɯɡ/ |
| Notes | 嗇轉註字 |

#### Definitions

穡
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 㱇 (“anxious; distressed; sorrowful”)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* harvest

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): しょく (shoku)
* Kun: とりいれ (torīre)

## Korean
### Hanja

穡 • (saek) (hangeul 색, revised saek, McCune–Reischauer saek, Yale sayk)
* farm, harvest grain
* stingy

## Vietnamese
### Han character

穡: Hán Nôm readings: sắc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.