# baku
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 獏 (“spirit that feeds on nightmares”).

### Noun

baku
* (Japanese mythology) A type of supernatural being said to devour nightmares.
** 2005, David Booth, Story Drama, 2nd edition, Pembroke Publishers, page 49,
    The creature explained that he was a baku. A baku eats dreams and nightmares. To a baku, a bad dream is delicious!
** 2008, "Baku", entry in Brenda Rosen, The Mythical Creatures Bible, Octopus Publishing Group, page 113,
    A person awakening from a nightmare should call three times saying, "Baku, eat my dreams." Thus summoned, the Baku will turn bad omens into good fortune by devouring evil influences.
** 2012, Kris Bradley, Mrs. B's Guide to Household Witchery, Weiser Books, page 28:Shouting out "Devour my dream, Baku!" is said to bring Baku to a child's side to take away his or her bad dreams. Not only does Baku take the dreams away, but he also leaves good fortune in their place.

## Ambonese Malay
### Pronoun

baku
* one another, each other

## Esperanto
### Verb

baku
* imperative of baki

## Finnish
### Etymology

Clipping of bakteeri +‎ -u

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɑku/, [ˈbɑ̝ku]
* Rhymes: -ɑku
* Hyphenation: ba‧ku

### Noun

baku
* (slang, biology) Synonym of bakteeri (“bacterium”)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of baku (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bakuni
bakuni
accusative
nom.
bakuni
bakuni
gen.
bakuni
genitive
bakuni
bakujeni
partitive
bakuani
bakujani
inessive
bakussani
bakuissani
elative
bakustani
bakuistani
illative
bakuuni
bakuihini
adessive
bakullani
bakuillani
ablative
bakultani
bakuiltani
allative
bakulleni
bakuilleni
essive
bakunani
bakuinani
translative
bakukseni
bakuikseni
abessive
bakuttani
bakuittani
instructive
comitative
—bakuineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bakusi
bakusi
accusative
nom.
bakusi
bakusi
gen.
bakusi
genitive
bakusi
bakujesi
partitive
bakuasi
bakujasi
inessive
bakussasi
bakuissasi
elative
bakustasi
bakuistasi
illative
bakuusi
bakuihisi
adessive
bakullasi
bakuillasi
ablative
bakultasi
bakuiltasi
allative
bakullesi
bakuillesi
essive
bakunasi
bakuinasi
translative
bakuksesi
bakuiksesi
abessive
bakuttasi
bakuittasi
instructive
comitative
—bakuinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bakumme
bakumme
accusative
nom.
bakumme
bakumme
gen.
bakumme
genitive
bakumme
bakujemme
partitive
bakuamme
bakujamme
inessive
bakussamme
bakuissamme
elative
bakustamme
bakuistamme
illative
bakuumme
bakuihimme
adessive
bakullamme
bakuillamme
ablative
bakultamme
bakuiltamme
allative
bakullemme
bakuillemme
essive
bakunamme
bakuinamme
translative
bakuksemme
bakuiksemme
abessive
bakuttamme
bakuittamme
instructive
comitative
—bakuinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bakunne
bakunne
accusative
nom.
bakunne
bakunne
gen.
bakunne
genitive
bakunne
bakujenne
partitive
bakuanne
bakujanne
inessive
bakussanne
bakuissanne
elative
bakustanne
bakuistanne
illative
bakuunne
bakuihinne
adessive
bakullanne
bakuillanne
ablative
bakultanne
bakuiltanne
allative
bakullenne
bakuillenne
essive
bakunanne
bakuinanne
translative
bakuksenne
bakuiksenne
abessive
bakuttanne
bakuittanne
instructive
comitative
—bakuinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bakunsa
bakunsa
accusative
nom.
bakunsa
bakunsa
gen.
bakunsa
genitive
bakunsa
bakujensa
partitive
bakuaan bakuansa
bakujaan bakujansa
inessive
bakussaan bakussansa
bakuissaan bakuissansa
elative
bakustaan bakustansa
bakuistaan bakuistansa
illative
bakuunsa
bakuihinsa
adessive
bakullaan bakullansa
bakuillaan bakuillansa
ablative
bakultaan bakultansa
bakuiltaan bakuiltansa
allative
bakulleen bakullensa
bakuilleen bakuillensa
essive
bakunaan bakunansa
bakuinaan bakuinansa
translative
bakukseen bakuksensa
bakuikseen bakuiksensa
abessive
bakuttaan bakuttansa
bakuittaan bakuittansa
instructive
comitative
—bakuineen bakuinensa :

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈbaku/ [ˈba.ku]
* Rhymes: -aku
* Syllabification: ba‧ku

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Manado Malay baku-, from Ternate maku-.

#### Adverb

baku
* (chiefly dialectal, eastern Indonesia) mutually, reciprocally, each other, one another
    Synonyms: saling, satu dengan lain, satu sama lain

### Etymology 2

Uncertain, probably via Malay.
* For the first and third senses, from Javanese ꦧꦏꦸ (baku, “main, essential, basic; rice-field given to a village head instead of salary”).
* For the second sense, probably fr Minangkabau baku (“frozen”) (cognate with beku).
* Or probably from the same origin as etymology 1, from Manado Malay baku- (“each other”).

#### Noun

baku (plural baku-baku)
* core, base, fundamental
    Synonyms: pokok, dasar, utama
* standard
    Synonym: standar
    bahasa baku ― standard language
* (dialectal, Java) members of the village community who are the core population whom own agricultural land, houses and yards

##### Affixations

* bakukan (“to standardize”)
* kebakuan (“standardness”)
* pembakuan (“standardization”)

##### Compounds

* bahan baku (“raw material”)
* bahasa baku (“standard language”)

### Etymology 3

From Wolio baku (“provision”).

#### Noun

baku (uncountable)
* (dialect) assistance from family members to the bride and groom as provisions for them to enter a new household

### Etymology 4

From Tolaki.

#### Noun

baku (plural baku-baku)
* (dialectal) a kind of food, made from dried sago, fried together with coconut

### Further reading

* “baku” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Japanese
### Romanization

baku
* Rōmaji transcription of ばく
* Rōmaji transcription of バク

## Javanese
### Romanization

baku
* Romanization of ꦧꦏꦸ.

## Malay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baku/
* Rhymes: -aku
* Hyphenation: ba‧ku

### Etymology 1

Uncertain.
* From Javanese ꦧꦏꦸ (baku, “main, essential, basic; rice-field given to a village head instead of salary”).
* From Manado Malay baku- (“mutually, reciprocally, each other, one another”).
Another alternative proposal is that it is borrowed from Minangkabau baku (“frozen”), compare with beku.

#### Adjective

baku (Jawi spelling باکو)
* standard
    Synonyms: standard, piawai
    bahasa Melayu baku ― standard Malay

##### Affixations

* bakukan (“to standardize”)
* kebakuan (“standardness”)
* pembakuan (“standardization”)

##### Compounds

* bahasa baku (“standard language”)
* sebutan baku (“standard pronunication”)

#### Noun

baku (Jawi spelling باکو, plural baku-baku, informal 1st possessive bakuku, 2nd possessive bakumu, 3rd possessive bakunya)
* (informal) The artificial standardized accent of Malay where every letter is prescribed only one sound (e.g. ⟨k⟩ is only pronounced [k] and ⟨a⟩ is only pronounced [a]).
    Synonym: bahasa baku
    Aku tak biasa cakap baku.I'm not used to speaking baku.

### Etymology 2
#### Adverb

baku (Jawi spelling باکو)
* (eastern Indonesia) each other, one another
    Synonym: saling

### References

* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “baku”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 71

### Further reading

* “baku” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Manado Malay
### Prefix

baku
* alternative form of baku- (“mutually, reciprocally, each other, one another”)

## Mapudungun
### Noun

baku (Raguileo spelling)
* paternal grandfather
* grandchild
* namesake

#### See also

* cezki
* cece

### References

* Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

## North Moluccan Malay
### Adverb

baku
* Alternative form of baku-

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.ku/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aku
* Syllabification: ba‧ku

### Noun

baku m inan
* genitive/locative/vocative singular of bak

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

baku (Cyrillic spelling баку)
* accusative singular of baka

## Sundanese
### Verb

baku (Sundanese script ᮘᮊᮥ)
* must be

## Tetum
### Verb

baku
* to beat, to hit

## West Makian
### Etymology

From East Makian baku (“sago, sago palm”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.ku/

### Noun

baku
* sago
* the sago palm

### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

## Yilan Creole
### Etymology

From Japanese タバコ (tabako, “tobacco”).

### Noun

baku
* tobacco

### References

* Chien Yuehchen (2015) “The lexical system of Yilan Creole”, in New Advances in Formosan Linguistics‎, pages 513-532