# 匏

| 匏 | U+530F, &#21263; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-530F |
| ← 匎 [U+530E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 匐 → [U+5310] |

## Translingual
### Han character

匏 (Kangxi radical 20, 勹+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 大尸心口山 (KSPRU), four-corner 4721$_2$, composition ⿰夸包)
* gourd
* musical instrument

#### Derived characters

* 𫉌

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 151, character 33
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2544
* Dae Jaweon: page 341, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 542, character 4
* Unihan data for U+530F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 袍 | *buː |
| 袌 | *buː, *buːs |
| 軳 | *buː |
| 抱 | *buːʔ |
| 勽 | *buːs, *mɯnʔ |
| 菢 | *buːs |
| 勹 | *pruː |
| 包 | *pruː |
| 胞 | *pruː, *pʰruː |
| 苞 | *pruː |
| 枹 | *pruː, *bu, *bu |
| 飽 | *pruːʔ |
| 泡 | *pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː |
| 炮 | *pʰruːs, *bruː |
| 皰 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 疱 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 跑 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 咆 | *bruː |
| 庖 | *bruː |
| 匏 | *bruː |
| 刨 | *bruː |
| 狍 | *bruː |
| 炰 | *bruː |
| 鉋 | *bruː, *bruːs |
| 瓟 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 颮 | *bruː, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鞄 | *bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鮑 | *bruːʔ |
| 骲 | *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ |
| 玸 | *bu |
| 雹 | *bruːɡ |
| 窇 | *bruːɡ |

### Etymology

Cognate with 瓢 (OC *bew, “gourd; dried gourd ladle”), as well as Proto-Lolo-Burmese *pu (“pumpkin, gourd”), whence Burmese ဘူး (bhu:, “gourd”) (STEDT).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): páo (pao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): paau$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pâu / pû
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: páo
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: páo
*** Wade–Giles: pʻao$^2$
*** Yale: páu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paur
*** Palladius: пао (pao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: paau$^4$
*** Yale: pàauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: paau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰaːu̯²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pâu
*** Tâi-lô: pâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: paau
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /pau²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pau¹³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pû
*** Tâi-lô: pû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: puu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pu²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pu¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /pu²⁴/
* pâu - literary;
* pû - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: baew
Rime :
| Character | 匏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 薄交切 |
| Baxter | baew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠau/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚau/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bau/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /baɨw/ |
| Li Rong | /bau/ |
| Wang Li | /bau/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱau/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | páo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | paau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤru/
    (Zhengzhang): /*bruː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 匏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | páo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bæw › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b]ˁru/ |
| English | gourd |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 匏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 288 |
| Phonetic component | 勹 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 庖 |
| Old Chinese | /*bruː/ |

### Definitions

匏
* gourd
* one of the eight categories of musical instruments in the Chinese bayin (八音) classification system, most prominently including mouth organs

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 瓠 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 葫蘆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 葫蘆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 葫蘆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 葫蘆 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 葫蘆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 葫蘆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 葫蘆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 葫蘆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 葫蘆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 葫蘆 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 葫蘆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 葫蘆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 葫蘆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 葫蘆, 葫蘆瓜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 葫蘆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 葫蘆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 葫蘆瓜, 葫蘆 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 葫蘆, 葫蘆瓜 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 葫蘆 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 葫蘆, 膨葫 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 葫蘆 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 瓠仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 瓠仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 瓠仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 瓠 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 瓠仔, 瓠 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 瓠子 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 葫蘆 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 葫蘆 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 葫蘆 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 葫蘆瓠 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 葫蘆瓠 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 匏 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 葫蘆瓠 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 葫蘆 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 葫蘆 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 葫落 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 葫蘆 |
| Wu | Danyang | 葫蘆 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 葫蘆兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 葫蘆 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 葫蘆 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 葫蘆瓜 |

### Compounds

* 匏仔 (pû-á) (Min Nan)
* 匏尊 (páozūn)
* 匏崙 / 匏仑 (Páolún)
* 匏瓜 (páoguā)
* 匏繫 / 匏系 (páoxì)
* 細漢偷挽匏，大漢偷牽牛 / 细汉偷挽匏，大汉偷牵牛 (sè-hàn thau bán pû, tōa-hàn thau khan gû) (Min Nan)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* gourd

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ほう (hō)
* Kun: ひさご (hisago)

## Korean
### Hanja

匏 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

匏 (bào, bầu)