# 鬆

| 鬆 | U+9B06, &#39686; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B06 |
| ← 鬅 [U+9B05] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鬇 → [U+9B07] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鬆 (Kangxi radical 190, 髟+8, 18 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹木金戈 (SHDCI), four-corner 7293$_2$, composition ⿱髟松)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1455, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45484
* Dae Jaweon: page 1986, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4527, character 9
* Unihan data for U+9B06

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 慃 | *qroːŋʔ |
| 袞 | *kluːnʔ |
| 蔉 | *kluːnʔ |
| 滾 | *kluːnʔ |
| 忩 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 鬆 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ |
| 凇 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 公 | *kloːŋ |
| 蚣 | *kloːŋ, *kljoŋ |
| 翁 | *qloːŋ |
| 螉 | *qloːŋ |
| 蓊 | *qloːŋ, *qloːŋʔ |
| 嗡 | *qloːŋ |
| 滃 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 暡 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 勜 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 塕 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 瓮 | *qloːŋs |
| 崧 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 菘 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 硹 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 淞 | *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 蜙 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 倯 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 松 | *sɢloŋ |
| 訟 | *sɢloŋ, *sɢloŋs |
| 頌 | *sɢloŋs, *loŋ |
| 忪 | *kljoŋ |
| 彸 | *kljoŋ |
| 衳 | *kljoŋ |
| 伀 | *kljoŋ |
| 妐 | *kljoŋ |
| 炂 | *kljoŋ |
| 鈆 | *kljoŋ, *lon |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ): semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): sōng (song$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): song$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sung$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sûng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sung$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): só̤ng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sang / song
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sang$^1$ / song$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$son
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: song
*** Wade–Giles: sung$^1$
*** Yale: sūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: song
*** Palladius: сун (sun)
*** Sinological IPA : /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: song$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sung
*** Sinological IPA : /soŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sung$^1$
*** Yale: sūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sûng
*** Hakka Romanization System: sung$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /suŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: sung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sʊŋ⁴⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: só̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /sɔŋ⁵⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sang / song
*** Tâi-lô: sang / song
*** Phofsit Daibuun: safng, sofng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /saŋ³³/, /sɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
* sang - vernacular;
* song - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit鬆 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /suŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /suŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /suŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /suŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /səŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /suŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /suŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /suə̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /suŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /sũn³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /suŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /soŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /soŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /soŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /soŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /soŋ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /səŋ²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /suəŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /suŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /sũŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /soŋ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /soŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /soŋ³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /soŋ³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /sʌ̃³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /san¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /soŋ³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /sən³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /suŋ⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /suŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /suŋ²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /soŋ⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /ɬuŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /suŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /sɔŋ⁵⁵/ /saŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /søyŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /sɔŋ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /soŋ³³/ /saŋ³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /soŋ²³/ /taŋ²³/ /saŋ²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: sowng, sjowng, tshjowng
Rime :
| Character | 鬆 | 鬆 | 鬆 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 心 (16) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 冬 (5) | 鍾 (7) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III | III |
| Fanqie | 私宗切 | 息恭切 | 七恭切 |
| Baxter | sowng | sjowng | tshjowng |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /suoŋ/ | /sɨoŋ/ | /t͡sʰɨoŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /suoŋ/ | /sioŋ/ | /t͡sʰioŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /soŋ/ | /sioŋ/ | /t͡sʰioŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sawŋ/ | /suawŋ/ | /t͡sʰuawŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /soŋ/ | /sioŋ/ | /t͡sʰioŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /suoŋ/ | /sĭwoŋ/ | /t͡sʰĭwoŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /suoŋ/ | /si̯woŋ/ | /t͡sʰi̯woŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sōng | sōng | cōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sung$^1$ | sung$^1$ | cung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰluːŋ/, /*skʰloŋ/, /*sqʰloŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鬆 | 鬆 | 鬆 |
| Reading # | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| No. | 4104 | 4108 | 4111 |
| Phonetic component | 公 | 公 | 公 |
| Rime group | 終 | 東 | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鬆 | 樅 | 蜙 |
| Old Chinese | /*sqʰluːŋ/ | /*skʰloŋ/ | /*sqʰloŋ/ |

#### Definitions

鬆
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, of hair) disheveled; unkempt
* loose (not fixed in place tightly)
* loose; relaxed
* to loosen; to relax
* useless
* dried minced meat
* (Cantonese) to leave
    鬆人／松人 [Cantonese] ― sung$^1$ jan$^4$ [Jyutping] ― to leave
       m$^4$ zi$^1$ dou$^3$ keoi$^5$ sung$^1$ zo$^2$ heoi$^3$ bin$^1$ dou$^6$ [Jyutping]
       don't know where they went
* (Cantonese) financially solvent
    Antonym: 緊 / 紧 (gan$^2$)
* (Cantonese, after numbers) to exceed by a little; to be a little over
    一千蚊鬆啲／一千蚊松啲 [Cantonese] ― jat$^1$ cin$^1$ man$^1$ sung$^1$ di$^1$ [Jyutping] ― a bit more than 1000 dollars
** 2020, Yiu Tsz Ho, “Hyndai Ioniq Electric 純電定混能好”, in 極速誌 [TopGear], number 143, page 33:
       zyun$^3$ fun$^2$ cin$^4$ Ioniq Electric maai$^6$ $338,800, san$^1$ baan$^2$ gwai$^3$ liu$^5$ loeng$^5$ maan$^6$, daan$^6$ jin$^6$ zoi$^6$ ho$^2$ ji$^5$ jat$^1$ wun$^6$ jat$^1$, zeoi$^3$ peng$^4$ 29 maan$^6$ sung$^1$ siu$^2$ siu$^2$. [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (Cantonese, mahjong) Short for 鬆章／松章.
    Antonym: 誅 / 诛 (zyu$^1$)

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 走, 離開, 離去 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 走, 離開 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 走, 離開 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 走 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 走 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 走 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 走 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 走 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 走 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 走 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 走 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 走 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 走 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 走, 扯 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 走, 扯, 撇, 閃, 𨅝, 鬆, 撇s |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 走 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 走, 扯 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 走 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 走 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 走 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 走 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 走 GT |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 走 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 走, 行, 離開 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 走 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 走, 行 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 跑, 走 |
| Wu | Danyang | 走 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 走 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 走 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

#### Compounds

* 不放鬆 / 不放松
* 亂鬆鬆 / 乱松松
* 嚼完鬆 / 嚼完松 (ziu$^6$ jyun$^4$ sung$^1$) (Cantonese)
* 寬鬆 / 宽松 (kuānsōng)
* 弄鬆 / 弄松
* 急鬆鬆 / 急松松
* 懈鬆 / 懈松
* 手鬆 / 手松
* 放鬆 / 放松 (fàngsōng)
* 浮鬆 / 浮松
* 濛鬆雨 / 蒙松雨
* 疏鬆 / 疏松 (shūsōng)
* 發鬆 / 发松
* 皮鬆 / 皮松
* 皮鬆肉緊 / 皮松肉紧
* 皮鬆骨癢 / 皮松骨痒
* 稀鬆 / 稀松 (xīsōng)
* 稀鬆平常 / 稀松平常
* 精鬆 / 精松
* 翻鬆 / 翻松
* 肉鬆 / 肉松 (ròusōng)
* 蓬鬆 / 蓬松 (péngsōng)
* 豬肉鬆 / 猪肉松
* 輕鬆 / 轻松 (qīngsōng)
* 輕鬆自在 / 轻松自在
* 輕鬆自如 / 轻松自如
* 髼鬆 / 髼松
* 鬆一口氣 / 松一口气
* 鬆勁 / 松劲 (sōngjìn)
* 鬆動 / 松动 (sōngdòng)
* 鬆口 / 松口 (sōngkǒu)
* 鬆寬 / 松宽
* 鬆弛 / 松弛 (sōngchí)
* 鬆快 / 松快 (sōngkuai)
* 鬆懈 / 松懈 (sōngxiè)
* 鬆手 / 松手 (sōngshǒu)
* 鬆散 / 松散 (sōngsǎn)
* 鬆氣 / 松气 (sōngqì)
* 鬆綁 / 松绑 (sōngbǎng)
* 鬆緊帶 / 松紧带 (sōngjǐndài)
* 鬆脆 / 松脆 (sōngcuì)
* 鬆脫 / 松脱
* 鬆蛋包 / 松蛋包
* 鬆軟 / 松软 (sōngruǎn)
* 鬆通 / 松通
* 鬆開 / 松开 (sōngkāi)
* 鬅鬆 / 鬅松
* 魚鬆 / 鱼松 (yúsōng)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sòng (song$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sòng
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sòng
*** Wade–Giles: sung$^4$
*** Yale: sùng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sonq
*** Palladius: сун (sun)
*** Sinological IPA : /sʊŋ⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: suwngH
Rime :
| Character | 鬆 |
| Reading # | 4/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 蘇弄切 |
| Baxter | suwngH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /suŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /suŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /suŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /səwŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /suŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /suŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /suŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sòng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sung$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰloːŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鬆 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| No. | 4090 |
| Phonetic component | 公 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 送 |
| Old Chinese | /*sqʰloːŋs/ |

#### Definitions

鬆
* Only used in 𩭩鬆.

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鬆 – see 㞞 (“semen; weak; useless”). (This character is a variant form of 㞞).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゅ (shu)、そう (sō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)、そう (sō)
* Kun: す (su, 鬆)

## Korean
### Hanja

鬆 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鬆: Hán Nôm readings: tông
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.