# 券

| 券 | U+5238, &#21048; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5238 |
| ← 刷 [U+5237] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 刹 → [U+5239] |

## Translingual
### Han character

券 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 火手尸竹 (FQSH), four-corner 9022$_7$, composition ⿱龹刀(GHTJ) or ⿱𠔉刀(KV))

#### Derived characters

* 𫪤, 㓬

#### Related characters

* 拳 卷/巻 弮 眷 觠

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 139, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1966
* Dae Jaweon: page 316, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 332, character 11
* Unihan data for U+5238

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 券
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 潫 | *qroːn, *qon, *qron |
| 豢 | *ɡroːns |
| 勬 | *kron, *krons |
| 韏 | *kronʔ, *ɡrons, *kʰons |
| 眷 | *krons |
| 桊 | *krons |
| 絭 | *krons, *kʰrons, *kons, *kʰons, *koɡ |
| 觠 | *krons, *ɡron |
| 飬 | *krons |
| 弮 | *kʰron, *krons |
| 拳 | *ɡron |
| 卷 | *ɡron, *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡonʔ |
| 齤 | *ɡron |
| 券 | *kʰons |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰons): phonetic 𠔉 + semantic 刀 (“knife”) – contract. Ancient contracts were cut in half.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): quàn, juàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄢˋ, ㄐㄩㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hyun$^3$ / gyun$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khién / khián
* Eastern Min (BUC): guóng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): goeng$^4$ / gyeng$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kǹg / koàn
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$chioe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: quàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyuàn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻüan$^4$
*** Yale: chywàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuann
*** Palladius: цюань (cjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (券兒 / 券儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: quànr
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄢˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyuànr
*** Wade–Giles: chʻüan$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: chywànr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuall
*** Palladius: цюаньр (cjuanʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰy̯ɑɻ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: juàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyuàn
*** Wade–Giles: chüan$^4$
*** Yale: jywàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuann
*** Palladius: цзюань (czjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (券兒 / 券儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: juànr
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄢˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyuànr
*** Wade–Giles: chüan$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: jywànr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuall
*** Palladius: цзюаньр (czjuanʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy̯ɑɻ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hyun$^3$ / gyun$^3$
*** Yale: hyun / gyun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hyn$^3$ / gyn$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hün$^3$ / gün$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hyːn³³/, /kyːn³³/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khién
*** Hakka Romanization System: kien$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kian$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯en³¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khián
*** Hakka Romanization System: kian$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kian$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯an³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: guóng
*** Sinological IPA : /kuɔŋ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: goeng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kœŋ⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gyeng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kyøŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǹg / koàn
*** Tâi-lô: kǹg / kuàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kngx, koaxn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kŋ̍²¹/, /kuan²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kŋ̍⁴¹/, /kuan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kŋ̍²¹/, /kuan²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kŋ̍¹¹/, /kuan¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kŋ̍²¹/, /kuan²¹/
* kǹg - vernacular;
* koàn - literary.
* Middle Chinese: khjwonH
Rime :
| Character | 券 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 去願切 |
| Baxter | khjwonH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰʉɐn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰʷiɐn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰiuɐn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰuan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰiuɐn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰĭwɐn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰi̯wɐn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | quàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hyun$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰons/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 券 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7173 |
| Phonetic component |  |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 劵 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰons/ |

#### Definitions

券
* (historical) title deed; deed of trust; bond; contract
* ticket; pass; coupon; voucher; certificate
    入場券／入场券 ― rùchǎngquàn ― admission ticket
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, figurative) guarantee; surety; certainty
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to agree; to tally with
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to copy; to trace
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to bore; to drill

#### Compounds

* 丹書鐵券 / 丹书铁券 (dānshūtiěquàn)
* 借券 (jièquàn)
* 債券 / 债券 (zhàiquàn)
* 優待券 / 优待券
* 優惠券 / 优惠券 (yōuhuìquàn)
* 儲蓄券 / 储蓄券
* 兌換券 / 兑换券 (duìhuànquàn)
* 入場券 / 入场券
* 公債券 / 公债券 (gōngzhàiquàn)
* 公司債券 / 公司债券
* 券兒 / 券儿 (quànr)
* 券商 (quànshāng)
* 券帖
* 券書 / 券书 (quànshū)
* 券破
* 勝券在握 / 胜券在握
* 可操左券
* 合券
* 國庫券 / 国库券 (guókùquàn)
* 圖書禮券 / 图书礼券
* 墓券
* 契券 (qìquàn)
* 如持左券
* 宅券 (zháiquàn)
* 左券 (zuǒquàn)
* 左券在握
* 幸運券 / 幸运券
* 庫券 / 库券
* 彩券 (cǎiquàn)
* 愛國獎券 / 爱国奖券
* 愛心券 / 爱心券
* 愛心彩券 / 爱心彩券
* 憑券 / 凭券
* 折券
* 招待券
* 持左券
* 操券
* 操左券
* 文券
* 有價證券 / 有价证券 (yǒujià zhèngquàn)
* 楮券
* 獎券 / 奖券 (jiǎngquàn)
* 票券
* 禮券 / 礼券 (lǐquàn)
* 穩操勝券 / 稳操胜券 (wěncāoshèngquàn)
* 穩操左券 / 稳操左券
* 立券交易
* 繻券 / 𦈡券
* 融券
* 試印券 / 试印券
* 證券 / 证券 (zhèngquàn)
* 證券市場 / 证券市场
* 還券 / 还券
* 金圓券 / 金圆券 (jīnyuánquàn)
* 金書鐵券 / 金书铁券
* 銀行券 / 银行券
* 鐵券 / 铁券
* 關金券 / 关金券 (guānjīnquàn)
* 飛券 / 飞券
* 馮諼燒券 / 冯谖烧券
* 驛券 / 驿券
* 點券 / 点券

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xuàn, quàn (xuan$^4$, quan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢˋ, ㄑㄩㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hyun$^3$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): koeng$^4$ / kyeng$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuàn
*** Wade–Giles: hsüan$^4$
*** Yale: sywàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuann
*** Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: quàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyuàn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻüan$^4$
*** Yale: chywàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuann
*** Palladius: цюань (cjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hyun$^3$
*** Yale: hyun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hyn$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hün$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hyːn³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: koeng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰœŋ⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: kyeng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰyøŋ⁴²/

#### Definitions

券
* (architecture) arch (on bridges, doors, windows)

##### Synonyms

* 拱券 (gǒngxuàn)

#### Compounds

* 券門 / 券门 (xuànmén)
* 拱券

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): juàn (juan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gyun$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koān / koàn
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: juàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyuàn
*** Wade–Giles: chüan$^4$
*** Yale: jywàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuann
*** Palladius: цзюань (czjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gyun$^6$
*** Yale: gyuhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gyn$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gün$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kyːn²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koān
*** Tâi-lô: kuān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koan
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kuan³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kuan²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koàn
*** Tâi-lô: kuàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koaxn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹/

#### Definitions

券
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 倦 (juàn, “tired; weary”)

### Further reading

* “券”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “券”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 270.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 券 |
| Kyūjitai | 券󠄁 券+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 券󠄃 券+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
* ticket

#### Readings

* Go-on: こん (kon)
* Kan-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 券
* けん Grade: 6
* on'yomi
/kwen/ → /ken/
From Middle Chinese 券 (MC khjwonH, “ticket”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) けん [kéꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [kẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

券(けん) • (ken)
* ticket, certificate
* bond, coupon

### Suffix

券(けん) • (-ken)
* ticket, certificate

### References

* ↑ “券”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwʌ̹n]
* Phonetic hangul: [권]

### Hanja

Wikisource 券 (eumhun 엄쪽 권 (eomjjok gwon))
* hanja form of 권 (“certificate, ticket”)
* hanja form of 권 (“title deeds”)

#### Compounds

* 旅券 (여권, yeogweon)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

券: Hán Nôm readings: khoán
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.