# 丐

| 丐 | U+4E10, &#19984; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E10 |
| ← 丏 [U+4E0F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 丑 → [U+4E11] |

## Translingual
### Han character

丐 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+3, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一卜女尸 (MYVS), four-corner 1020$_7$, composition ⿱一⿺㇉⺊)

#### Derived characters

* 鈣(钙), 麫, 𠰁, 𡛔, 𢗙, 𢪪, 𫡔, 𥝽, 𧉝, 𧦉, 𮙴, 𧺪, 𡧎, 𪤺, 𩬆, 𣅰, 𬉻, 𠣣, 𡆸, 𫆄, 𰭵, 𰻢

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 77, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22
* Dae Jaweon: page 154, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 10, character 6
* Unihan data for U+4E10

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 丐 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| Small seal scripts09438 |||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). |||
| | Old Chinese |
| 丐 | *kaːds, *kaːd |
| 匄 | *kaːds |
Corruption of 匄. Its original meaning is unknown; perhaps it was "to damage".

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gài (gai$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): koi$^3$ / goi$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gái
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gai$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kài / kat
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gai$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$ke
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gài
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gài
*** Wade–Giles: kai$^4$
*** Yale: gài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gay
*** Palladius: гай (gaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: koi$^3$ / goi$^3$
*** Yale: koi / goi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: koi$^3$ / goi$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: koi$^3$ / goi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɔːi̯³³/, /kɔːi̯³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gái
*** Sinological IPA : /kɑi²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kai⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kài
*** Tâi-lô: kài
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaix
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kai²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kai¹¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kat
*** Tâi-lô: kat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kad
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kat̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gai$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kài
*** Sinological IPA : /kai²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$ke
*** MiniDict: ke$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$ke
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ke³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: kajH
Rime :
| Character | 丐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (25) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古太切 |
| Baxter | kajH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | goi$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːds/, /*kaːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 丐 | 丐 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 3562 | 3564 |
| Phonetic component | 丐 | 丐 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 蓋 | 葛 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːds/ | /*kaːd/ |
| Notes | 同匃，俗訛變 | 原作匃，此依說文 |

### Definitions

丐
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to beg for alms
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to give
* beggar
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 丐幫 / 丐帮 (gàibāng)
* 丐食
* 乞丐 (qǐgài)
* 乞丐趕廟公 / 乞丐赶庙公
* 沾丐

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* beggar
* beg
* give

#### Readings

* Go-on: かい (kai)、かち (kachi)
* Kan-on: かい (kai)、かつ (katsu)
* Kan’yō-on: がい (gai)
* Kun: こう (kou, 丐う)、あたえる (ataeru, 丐える)

## Korean
### Hanja

丐 (eumhun 빌 개 (bil gae))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* Naver Hanja Dictionary: 丐

## Vietnamese
### Han character

丐: Hán Việt readings: cái
丐: Nôm readings: cái, gái

#### Classifier

丐
* chữ Hán form of cái.
** Indicates an inanimate, tangible thing
** (obsolete) Indicates animals
*** Lý hạng ca dao 里巷歌謠 (Folk-ballads from the hamlets and alleys), folio 36a
    丐𪂲丐𪅥丐𪆯 𫳵𡮠踸𪽣穭翁唉𪂲Cái cò cái vạc cái nông; Sao mày giẫm ruộng lúa ông hỡi cò?The stork, the heron, the pelican; Why troddest thou on my paddy rice, oh stork?
** (colloquial) Precedes another classifier (any one but “cái” itself), effectively acting as a focus marker, sometimes conveying a connotation of deprecation, especially if persons are referred to.

### References

* Nom Foundation