# laus
## Cimbrian
### Etymology

From Middle High German lūs, from Old High German lūs, from Proto-West Germanic *lūs. Cognate with German Laus, Dutch luis, English louse, Icelandic lús.

### Noun

laus f (plural lòize)
* (Sette Comuni) louse

#### Derived terms

* dorlòizanzich

### References

* “laus” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

## Copainalá Zoque
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish clavos (“nails”), plural of clavo (“nail”). C.f. Francisco León Zoque lavusy.

### Noun

laus
* nail

### References

* Harrison, Roy, Harrison, Margaret, García H., Cástulo (1981) Diccionario zoque de Copainalá (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 23)‎ (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 71

## Franco-Provençal
### Noun

laus (Old Dauphinois)
* Alternative form of lèc (“lake”)

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “lacus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 126

## Gothic
### Romanization

laus
* Romanization of 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃

## Gutnish
### Etymology

From Old Norse lauss, from Proto-Germanic *lausaz.

### Adjective

laus
* loose

#### Derived terms

* laushólk
* lausstrèmming
* lausstremmunge
* lösning

#### Related terms

* lausa

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse lauss.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /løyːs/
    Rhymes: -øyːs

### Adjective

laus (comparative lausari, superlative lausastur)
* loose
* free to go
* available
* vacant

#### See also

* -laus

## Latin
### Etymology

Unclear. Accepting a shift of Proto-Italic *ow to Latin au in pretonic positions, the term reflects a Proto-Indo-European *le/ow-V́-d$^{(h)}$-, which is usually traced back to a tentative root *lew- (“to sing, praise”) together with Proto-Germanic *leuþą (“song, poem”). Connection with Old Irish loíd (“poem, lay”) is usually rejected.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /lau̯s/, [ɫ̪äu̯s̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /lau̯s/, [läu̯s]

### Noun

laus f (genitive laudis); third declension
* praise, glory, repute
    Synonym: admīrātiō
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.517:plūs erat in gladiō quam curvō laudis arātrō[Back then] there was more glory in the sword than in the curved plow. (Literally, there was more of glory [to be gotten] in [use of] the sword than in the curved plow; that is to say, soldiers were more glorified than farmers.)
* fame
* approbation, commendation
* merit, worth

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* laudō
* lautia
* laudes

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: alavdã
** Romanian: laudă
* Italo-Romance:
** Neapolitan: lȯsə (Matera), lówəsə (Molfetta), lauso (Taranto)
** Old Italian: lode, loda, lodo
*** Corsican: losa
*** Italian: lode
** Sicilian: laudi
* Padanian:
** >? Friulian: laud
** Ligurian: loso
** Old Lombard: loxo
*** >? Lombard: los
** Old Venetan: laudo, laldo, loldo
* Gallo-Romance:
** French: los
** Old Catalan: *lau
*** Catalan: llau
** Old Occitan: laus, laud, lau
*** Occitan: laus
* Ancient borrowings:
** → Albanian: lavd, lavdë
* Learned borrowings:
** → Italian: laude
** → Old French: laude
*** French: laudes (liturgical term)
** → Spanish: laude

### Notes

* ↑ For which there is contradicting evidence, though compare notably lavō, cavus, caveō, faveō.

### References

* 1 2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “laus, -dis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 330
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “lēu-, lāu-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 683
* ↑ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938) “laus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 776
* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “laus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 209

### Further reading

* “laus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “laus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "laus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* laus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to praise, extol, commend a person: laude afficere aliquem to praise, extol, commend a person: (maximis, summis) laudibus efferre aliquem or aliquid to praise, extol, commend a person: eximia laude ornare aliquem to overwhelm with eulogy: omni laude cumulare aliquem to extol, laud to the skies: laudibus aliquem (aliquid) in caelum ferre, efferre, tollere to consider a thing creditable to a man: aliquid laudi alicui ducere, dare to confer distinction on a person; to redound to his credit: gloriae, laudi esse to be very famous, illustrious: gloria, laude florere to be guided by ambition: laudis studio trahi to be consumed by the fires of ambition: gloriae, laudis cupiditate incensum esse, flagrare to be distinguished as a poet: poetica laude florere to be a distinguished orator: eloquentiae laude florere the word aemulatio is employed with two meanings, in a good and a bad sense: aemulatio dupliciter dicitur, ut et in laude et in vitio hoc nomen sit (ambiguous) to praise, extol, commend a person: laudem tribuere, impertire alicui (ambiguous) to spread a person's praises: alicuius laudes praedicare (ambiguous) to win golden opinions from every one: omnium undique laudem colligere (ambiguous) to win golden opinions from every one: maximam ab omnibus laudem adipisci (ambiguous) to confer distinction on a person; to redound to his credit: laudem afferre (ambiguous) to be guided by ambition: laudem, gloriam quaerere (ambiguous) to detract from a person's reputation, wilfully underestimate a person: alicuius famam, laudem imminuere (ambiguous) to render obscure, eclipse a person: obscurare alicuius gloriam, laudem, famam (not obscurare aliquem) (ambiguous) to sing the praises of some one (not canere aliquem: alicuius laudes versibus persequi (ambiguous) to sing the praises of some one (not canere aliquem: alicuius laudes (virtutes) canere (ambiguous) to thank, glorify the immortal gods: grates, laudes agere dis immortalibus
* “laus”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
* “laus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* lous, loos

### Etymology

From Old Norse lauss, of Germanic origin.

### Adjective

laus
* loose

#### Descendants

* English: loose
* Scots: lous, lows, loose

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse lauss.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /læʉːs/

### Adjective

laus (neuter laust, definite singular and plural lause, comparative lausare, indefinite superlative lausast, definite superlative lausaste)
* loose
* flimsy
* free (not fastened)
* (archaic, derogatory) outside a legitime marriage (about a child or a woman having such a child)

#### Derived terms

* lausdans
* lauseld
* lausunge

### See also

* løs (Bokmål)

### References

* “laus” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old Norse
### Adjective

laus
* inflection of lauss:
** strong feminine nominative singular
** strong neuter nominative/accusative plural

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English louse.

### Noun

laus
* any external parasitic insect; flea; louse.

## White Hmong
### Etymology

From Proto-Hmong *lu̯eiᴮ (“old”), perhaps borrowed from Middle Chinese 老 (lɑu$^X$, “old”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lau̯˩/

### Adjective

laus
* old

#### Derived terms

* niam laus

#### See also

* qub

### References

* Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎, SEAP Publications, →ISBN.
* ↑ Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 276.
* ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20101031002604/http://wold.livingsources.org/vocabulary/25