OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 㺧

| 㺧 | U+3EA7, &#16039; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-3EA7 |
| ← 㺦 [U+3EA6] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 㺨 → [U+3EA8] |

## Translingual
### Han character

㺧 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+21, 24 strokes, cangjie input 大竹口口口 (KHRRR), composition ⿰犭囂)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 722, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1379, character 11
* Unihan data for U+3EA7

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hiu$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siao
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$
*** Yale: syāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hiu$^1$
*** Yale: hīu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hiu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hiu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiːu̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: xjew
Rime :
| Character | 㺧 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (92) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 許嬌切 |
| Baxter | xjew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hˠiᴇu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hᵚiɛu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiæu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hiaw/ |
| Li Rong | /xjɛu/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭɛu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xi̯ɛu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiāo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hiu$^1$ |

### Definitions

㺧
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a kind of dog with light yellowish hair
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) rabid dog
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) the sound of a pack of barking dogs

## Vietnamese
### Han character

㺧: Hán Nôm readings: heo
* pig.
# 㜿

| 㜿 | U+373F, &#14143; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-373F |
| ← 㜾 [U+373E] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 㝀 → [U+3740] |

## Translingual
### Han character

㜿 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 弓木弓戈弓 (NDNIN), composition ⿰子予)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 278, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1012, character 9
* Unihan data for U+373F

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xù (xu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zeoi$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xù
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syù
*** Wade–Giles: hsü$^4$
*** Yale: syù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuh
*** Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zeoi$^6$
*** Yale: jeuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zêu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɵy̯²²/

### Definitions

㜿
* Alternative form of 㐨 (xù)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) spawn; roe
# 㸭

| 㸭 | U+3E2D, &#15917; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-3E2D |
| ← 㸬 [U+3E2C] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 㸮 → [U+3E2E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

㸭 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹手日山 (HQAU), composition ⿰牜巴)
* the opposite, contrary of
* cattle's horns

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 698, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1806, character 6
* Unihan data for U+3E2D

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bā (ba$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baa$^1$ / paa$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bā
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ba
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^1$
*** Yale: bā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ba
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baa$^1$ / paa$^4$
*** Yale: bā / pàh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baa$^1$ / paa$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ba$^1$ / pa$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /paː⁵⁵/, /pʰaː²¹/

### Definitions

㸭
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to be contrary
# 㸰

| 㸰 | U+3E30, &#15920; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-3E30 |
| ← 㸯 [U+3E2F] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 㸱 → [U+3E31] |

## Translingual
### Han character

㸰 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹手十心 (HQJP), composition ⿰牜它)
* (same as 犐) hornless cattle

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 699, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1808, character 4
* Unihan data for U+3E30

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tuó (tuo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): to$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuó
*** Wade–Giles: tʻo$^2$
*** Yale: twó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: two
*** Palladius: то (to)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: to$^4$
*** Yale: tòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: to$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: dwa, khwa
Rime :
| Character | 㸰 | 㸰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 徒和切 | 苦禾切 |
| Baxter | dwa | khwa |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /duɑ/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /duɑ/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /duɑ/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dwa/ | /kʰwa/ |
| Li Rong | /duɑ/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /duɑ/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱuɑ/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tuó | kuō |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | to$^4$ | fo$^1$ |

### Definitions

㸰
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) hornless cattle
# 㸽

| 㸽 | U+3E3D, &#15933; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-3E3D |
| ← 㸼 [U+3E3C] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 㸾 → [U+3E3E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

㸽 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹手月山金 (HQBUC), composition ⿰牜貝)
* a two-years-old ox
* ox with long and big feet

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 701, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1810, character 15
* Unihan data for U+3E3D

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bèi (bei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bui$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bèi
*** Wade–Giles: pei$^4$
*** Yale: bèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bey
*** Palladius: бэй (bɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /peɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bui$^3$
*** Yale: bui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bui$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /puːi̯³³/

### Definitions

㸽
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) two-year-old cattle
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) cattle with large feet
# 㹀

| 㹀 | U+3E40, &#15936; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-3E40 |
| ← 㸿 [U+3E3F] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 㹁 → [U+3E41] |

## Translingual
### Han character

㹀 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹手十月木 (HQJBD), composition ⿰牜孛)
* a cow, female of an animal

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 701, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1810, character 7
* Unihan data for U+3E40

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bó (bo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): but$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bó
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bó
*** Wade–Giles: po$^2$
*** Yale: bwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
*** Palladius: бо (bo)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: but$^6$
*** Yale: buht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: but$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /puːt̚²/

### Definitions

㹀
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) cow (adult female cattle)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) female of an animal
# 㹍

| 㹍 | U+3E4D, &#15949; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-3E4D |
| ← 㹌 [U+3E4C] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 㹎 → [U+3E4E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

㹍 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹手卜金月 (HQYCB), composition ⿰牜啇)
* bull, bullock, ox (castrated)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 703, character 30
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1819, character 6
* Unihan data for U+3E4D

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dí (di$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dik$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dí
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dí
*** Wade–Giles: ti$^2$
*** Yale: dí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dyi
*** Palladius: ди (di)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dik$^6$
*** Yale: dihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɪk̚²/
* Middle Chinese: dek
Rime :
| Character | 㹍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 錫 (127) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 徒歷切 |
| Baxter | dek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dek̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dek̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɛk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dɛjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /dek̚/ |
| Wang Li | /diek̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱiek̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dik$^6$ |

### Definitions

㹍
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) castrated bull
# 㹐

| 㹐 | U+3E50, &#15952; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-3E50 |
| ← 㹏 [U+3E4F] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 㹑 → [U+3E51] |

## Translingual
### Han character

㹐 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹人竹手 (HOHQ), composition ⿱從牛)
* to tow a boat against the current in swift stream from the bank, to track a boat in the shallow area

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 704, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1819, character 2
* Unihan data for U+3E50

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chóng (chong$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cung$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chóng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chóng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻung$^2$
*** Yale: chúng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chorng
*** Palladius: чун (čun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cung$^4$
*** Yale: chùhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsung$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

### Definitions

㹐
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to tow a boat against the current
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to track a boat in shallow waters
# backtalk
## English
### Etymology

From back +‎ talk.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /bæk.tɔːk/
* (US) IPA: /bæk.tɔk/

### Noun

backtalk (uncountable)
* Verbal impudence or argumentative discourse, given in response.
    Don't give me any backtalk; just go clean your room.
** 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:He scratched his head. "Well, damn me," said he. "I never thought I would take orders from a Chink, but he says 'hist!' and by crums you've got to hist and no back talk either."
** 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 156:"Squalled at me that she owned the business and that she wouldn't take any back talk from me and that the piece wasn't for sale. What could I do?"

#### Synonyms

* (verbal impudence or argument): backchat (UK), derision, lip, cheek, sass, rebuttal

#### Related terms

* backchat (UK)
* talkback (noun)
* talk back (verb)

#### Translations
### Verb

backtalk (third-person singular simple present backtalks, present participle backtalking, simple past and past participle backtalked)
* (transitive) To respond to in an aggressively disputatious, often sarcastic or insolent manner.
    Peter was sent to detention for backtalking the teacher.

#### Synonyms

(disputatively or sarcastically respond):
* backchat (UK)
* mouth off
* sass
* talk back

#### Derived terms

* backtalker

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* talk back, talkback
# Batı Sahra
## Turkish
### Proper noun

Batı Sahra
* Western Sahara (A territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory)

#### Declension
### See also

* Angola
* Batı Sahra
* Benin
* Botsvana
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cezayir
* Cibuti
* Çad
* Ekvator Ginesi
* Eritre
* Esvatini
* Etiyopiya
* Fas
* Fildişi Sahili
* Gabon
* Gambiya
* Gana
* Gine
* Gine-Bissau
* Güney Afrika
* Güney Sudan
* Kamerun
* Kenya
* Komorlar
* Kongo Cumhuriyeti
* Kongo Demokratik Cumhuriyeti
* Lesotho
* Liberya
* Libya
* Madagaskar
* Malavi
* Mali
* Mauritius
* Mısır
* Moritanya
* Mozambik
* Namibya
* Nijer
* Nijeria
* Orta Afrika Cumhuriyeti
* Ruanda
* Senegal
* Seyşeller
* Sierra Leone
* Somali
* Sudan
* São Tomé ve Príncipe
* Tanzanya
* Togo
* Tunus
* Uganda
* Yeşil Burun
* Zambiya
* Zimbabve
# arialike
## English
### Etymology

From aria +‎ -like.

### Adjective

arialike (comparative more arialike, superlative most arialike)
* Resembling or characteristic of an aria.
# eiu
## Corsican
### Alternative forms

* eo, eu, ghjeu

### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆. Compare Italian io and Sicilian ju,

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈe.ju/
* Hyphenation: e‧iu
* Rhymes: -ju

### Pronoun

eiu
* I
** 1990, Ghjacumu Thiers, A funtana d'Altea, →ISBN, page 146:Simu tutti schiavi di u Tempu, ed eiu ùn ammaestru u meiu.We are all slaves of Time, and I am not the master of mine.
** 2005, Christian Dubois, A Bìbbia corsa [The Corsican Bible], Actes 10:26:Ma Petru u fece arrizzà, dicendu: Arrìzzati; anch'èiu sò un omu.But Peter made him stand up, saying: Stand up; I am only a man myself.

#### Usage notes

* Since the Corsican verb already inflects by person, eiu is dropped in most cases, being used chiefly for emphasis:
    Vò à a scola. ― I'm going to school.
    Eiu vò à a scola. ― I'm going to school.

#### See also
### References

* “eiu, eo, eu, ghjeu” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa
# Lungchiang
## English
### Etymology

From Mandarin 龍江 / 龙江 (Lóngjiāng), Wade–Giles romanization: Lung²-chiang¹.

### Proper noun

Lungchiang
* Alternative form of Longjiang.
** 1949, Anna Louis Strong, “The Chinese Conquer China”, in The Chinese Conquer China‎, Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 240:The reasons Chiang failed and the Communists succeeded appear from these examples. Everywhere in Manchuria's rural areas the "recovering armies" authorized by Chiang and led by landlords lived by requisitions which the peasants saw as loot. Governor Yu of Tsitsihar told me that these "recovering armies" had seized 10,500 head of livestock in Chinghsing County, 14,300 in Kannan County, 18,825 Lungchiang County, and so on.
** 1961 May 26, Li Fang, “Shelter-Belts in China's Northeast”, in Peking Review, volume IV, number 21, →OCLC, page 17, column 2:This timber went into the building of water conservancy works, bridges, pigsties, sheep pens and stables and was also used to make farm tools, effectively promoting agricultural production. Between 1955 and 1959 many production brigades in Lungchiang County, Heilungkiang Province, derived an average annual income of from 26,000-30,000 yuan from their forest stands.
** 1977 July 1 [1977 June 27], “Mass Criticism and All-Out Efforts Have Brought About Major Victories in the Struggle Against Drought”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 127, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Harbin Heilungkiang Provincial Service, translation of original by HEILUNGKIANG DAILY reporter (in Mandarin), →ISSN, →OCLC, People's Republic of China: Northeast Region, page L 5:During the spring sowing season, more than 40 percent of the local rural population worked in the fields in many counties and communes. Many counties, state farms, communes and production brigades launched socialist labor emulation campaigns. Lungchiang County originally planned to equip 600 pump wells this year. In the struggle against drought, the county equipped 454 pump wells and sank and equipped 413 new ones.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Lungchiang.
# prästgård
## Swedish
### Etymology

präst (“priest”) +‎ gård (“estate”).

### Noun

prästgård c
* a rectory; the residence and farm of the parish priest, originally given instead of a salary

#### Declension
### Further reading

* prästgård in Svensk ordbok.
# smiłunek
## Polish
### Etymology

From zmiłować +‎ -unek.

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Podegrodzie) IPA: /smiˈwu.nɛk/

### Noun

smiłunek m inan
* (Sącz Lach) Synonym of zmiłowanie (“mercy”)

### Further reading

* Karol Mátyás (1891) “smiłunek”, in “Słowniczek gwary ludu zamieszkującego wschodnio-południową najbliższą okolicę Nowego Sącza”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 4, Kraków: Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, page 329
# 䅘

| 䅘 | U+4158, &#16728; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4158 |
| ← 䅗 [U+4157] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 䅙 → [U+4159] |

## Translingual
### Han character

䅘 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹木木人人 (HDDOO), composition ⿰禾來)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 854, character 37
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2612, character 3
* Unihan data for U+4158

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lái (lai$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄞˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): loi$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lái
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lái
*** Wade–Giles: lai$^2$
*** Yale: lái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lai
*** Palladius: лай (laj)
*** Sinological IPA : /laɪ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: loi$^4$
*** Yale: lòih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: loi$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: loi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔːi̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: loj
Rime :
| Character | 䅘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 洛哀切 |
| Baxter | loj |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lʌi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ləi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɒi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ləj/ |
| Li Rong | /lᴀi/ |
| Wang Li | /lɒi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lɑ̆i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lái |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | loi$^4$ |

### Definitions

䅘
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) wheat

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C09112
* (Cantonese) 粵音資料集叢
# ساز
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Persian ساز (sâz).

#### Noun

ساز • (saz)
* means, appliances, equipage
* goods, effects, substance
* good works standing to one's credit in heaven
* learning, talent, ability
* a stringed instrument, especially the saz or baglama
* instrumental music, a band

##### Descendants

* سازجی (sazcı)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: saz

#### Further reading

* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ساز”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 2513–2514
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ساز”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1027

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

ساز • (saz)
* Alternative spelling of صاز (saz, “rush”)

#### Further reading

* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ساز”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2513

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [sɑːz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sɑːz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sɑːz]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [sɑːz]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [sɔːz]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [sɒːz]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [sɔz]

### Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

ساز • (sâz)
* present stem of ساختن (sâxtan, “to make, construct; to compose”)

##### Derived terms

* آهنگساز (âhangsâz)
* ساز (sâz, noun)

### Etymology 2

Lexicalization of the present stem ساز (sâz) of the verb ساختن (sâxtan, “to make, construct; to compose”).

#### Noun

ساز • (sâz) (plural سازها (sâz-hâ))
* saz (musical instrument)

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: saz
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: साज़ (sāz)
    Urdu: ساز (sāz, saz)
* → Kurdish:
    Northern Kurdish: saz
* → Ottoman Turkish: ساز (sâz)
** Turkish: saz
*** English: saz
** → Middle Armenian: սազ (saz) (or directly from Persian)
*** Armenian: սազ (saz)
* → Punjabi:
** Gurmukhi script: ਸਾਜ਼ (sāz)
** Shahmukhi script: ساز (sāz)

#### References

* Cabolov, R. L. (2010) “¹sāz”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 251
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2015-08-11) “saz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük, retrieved 2016-05-12

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ساز (sāz).

### Noun

ساز • (sāz) m (Hindi spelling साज़)
* instrument
* music
* musical note
# Ianuali
## Hawaiian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English January.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i.a.nuˈa.li/, [i.jə.nuˈwɐ.li]

### Proper noun

Ianuali
* January

#### See also

* Ianuali
* Pepeluali
* Malaki
* ʻApelila
* Mei
* Iune
* Iulai
* ʻAukake
* Kepakemapa
* ʻOkakopa
* Nowemapa
* Kēkēmapa

### References

* Ianuali in Combined Hawaiian Dictionary, at trussel2.com.

## Tokelauan

Months :
| Previous: | Tēhema |
| Next: | Fepuali |

### Etymology

Borrowed from English January. Akin to Hawaiian Ianuali and Maori Hānuere.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [i.a.nu.ˈa.li]
* Hyphenation: I‧a‧nu‧a‧li

### Proper noun

Ianuali
* January

### References

* R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎, Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 27
# ʻOkakopa
## Hawaiian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English October.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔo.kaˈko.pa/, [ʔo.kəˈko.pə]

### Proper noun

ʻOkakopa
* October

#### See also

* Ianuali
* Pepeluali
* Malaki
* ʻApelila
* Mei
* Iune
* Iulai
* ʻAukake
* Kepakemapa
* ʻOkakopa
* Nowemapa
* Kēkēmapa
# কর্ণাটক
## Bengali
### Alternative forms

* কর্নাটক (kornaṭok)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्णाटक (karṇāṭaka).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /kɔɾnaʈɔk/, [ˈkɔɾnaʈɔk]
    Audio:(file)
* (Dhaka) IPA: /kɔɹnatɔk/, [ˈkɔɹnatɔk]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

কর্ণাটক • (kornaṭok) (genitive কর্ণাটকের (kornaṭker), locative কর্ণাটকে (kornaṭke))
* Karnataka (a state of India)

### See also

* অন্ধ্রপ্রদেশ (ondhroprodeś)
* অরুণাচল প্রদেশ (orunacol prodeś)
* আসাম (aśam)
* উত্তরপ্রদেশ (uttoroprodeś)
* উত্তরাখণ্ড (uttorakhoṇḍ)
* ওড়িশা (ōṛiśa)
* কর্ণাটক (kornaṭok)
* কেরল (kerol)
* গুজরাত (gujrat)
* গোয়া (gōẇa)
* ছত্তিশগড় (chottiśgoṛ)
* ঝাড়খণ্ড (jhaṛkhoṇḍ)
* তামিলনাড়ু (tamilnaṛu)
* তেলেঙ্গানা (teleṅgana)
* ত্রিপুরা (tripura)
* নাগাল্যান্ড (nagalênḍ)
* পশ্চিমবঙ্গ (pościmboṅgo)
* পাঞ্জাব (panjab)
* বিহার (bihar)
* মণিপুর (monipur)
* মধ্যপ্রদেশ (moddhoprodeś)
* মহারাষ্ট্র (moharaśṭro)
* মিজোরাম (mijōram)
* মেঘালয় (meghaloẏ)
* রাজস্থান (rajosthan)
* সিকিম (śikim)
* হরিয়ানা (horiẏana)
* হিমাচল প্রদেশ (himacol prodeś)
# கர்நாடகம்
## Tamil
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaɾn̪aːɖaɡam/

### Proper noun

கர்நாடகம் • (karnāṭakam)
* Karnataka (a state of India)

### See also

* அசாம் (acām)
* அரியானா (ariyāṉā)
* அருணாசலப் பிரதேசம் (aruṇācalap piratēcam)
* ஆந்திரப் பிரதேசம் (āntirap piratēcam)
* இமாசலப் பிரதேசம் (imācalap piratēcam)
* உத்தரப் பிரதேசம் (uttarap piratēcam)
* உத்தராகண்டம் (uttarākaṇṭam)
* ஒடிசா (oṭicā) ~ ஒரிஸ்சா (oriscā)
* கர்நாடகம் (karnāṭakam)
* குசராத் (kucarāt)
* கேரளா (kēraḷā)
* கோவா (kōvā)
* சத்தீசுகர் (cattīcukar)
* சம்மு காசுமீர் (cammu kācumīr)
* சார்க்கண்ட் (cārkkaṇṭ)
* சிக்கிம் (cikkim)
* தமிழ்நாடு (tamiḻnāṭu) ~ தமிழ் நாடு (tamiḻ nāṭu)
* திரிபுரா (tiripurā)
* நாகாலாந்து (nākālāntu)
* பஞ்சாப் (pañcāp)
* பீகார் (pīkār)
* மகாராட்டிரம் (makārāṭṭiram)
* மணிப்பூர் (maṇippūr)
* மத்தியப் பிரதேசம் (mattiyap piratēcam)
* மிசோரம் (micōram)
* மேகாலயா (mēkālayā)
* மேற்கு வங்காளம் (mēṟku vaṅkāḷam)
* ராஜஸ்தான் (rājastāṉ)