# ईश्वर
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvara).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /iːʃ.ʋəɾ/, [iːʃ.ʋɐɾ]

### Noun

ईश्वर • (īśvar) m (Urdu spelling ایشور)
* (Hinduism) God, Ishvara
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:भगवान
    हम प्रतिदिन ईश्वर से प्रार्थना करते हैं।ham pratidin īśvar se prārthanā karte ha͠i.We pray to God every day.
* lord, master
* (dated or literary) husband
* a title to address the god Shiva

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “ईश्वर”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

## Marathi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvara). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘃𑘭𑘿𑘪𑘨 (īsvara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iɕ.ʋəɾ/

### Noun

ईश्वर • (īśvar) m
* God; Ishvara
    Synonyms: देव (dev), भगवान (bhagvān)
* lord, master (of the universe)

#### Declension
### References

* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “ईश्वर”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

## Nepali
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [isːor]
* Phonetic Devanagari: इस्सोर्

### Noun

ईश्वर • (īśwar)
* God

## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* ঈশ্বৰ (Assamese script)
* ᬈᬰ᭄ᬯᬭ (Balinese script)
* ঈশ্বর (Bengali script)
* 𑰃𑰫𑰿𑰪𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀈𑀰𑁆𑀯𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* ဤၐွရ (Burmese script)
* ઈશ્વર (Gujarati script)
* ਈਸ਼੍ਵਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌈𑌶𑍍𑌵𑌰 (Grantha script)
* ꦇꦯ꧀ꦮꦫ (Javanese script)
* 𑂆𑂬𑂹𑂫𑂩 (Kaithi script)
* ಈಶ್ವರ (Kannada script)
* ឦឝ្វរ (Khmer script)
* ອີຨ຺ວຣ (Lao script)
* ഈശ്വര (Malayalam script)
* ᡳᡳᡧᠣᠸᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘃𑘫𑘿𑘪𑘨 (Modi script)
* ᠢᠢᠱᢦᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦣𑧋𑧠𑧊𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐃𑐱𑑂𑐰𑐬 (Newa script)
* ଈଶ୍ଵର (Odia script)
* ꢅꢯ꣄ꢮꢬ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆆𑆯𑇀𑆮𑆫 (Sharada script)
* 𑖃𑖫𑖿𑖪𑖨 (Siddham script)
* ඊශ‍්වර (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩐𑩑𑩛𑩿 𑪙𑩾𑩼 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚃𑚧𑚶𑚦𑚤 (Takri script)
* ஈஶ்வர (Tamil script)
* ఈశ్వర (Telugu script)
* อีศฺวร (Thai script)
* ཨཱི་ཤྭ་ར (Tibetan script)
* 𑒄𑒬𑓂𑒫𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨀𑨁𑨊𑨮𑩇𑨭𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From the root ईश् (īś, “to rule”) + वर (vará, “best”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /iːɕ.ʋɐ.ɾɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /iːɕ.ʋɐ.ɾɐ/

### Adjective

ईश्वर • (īśvará) stem
* able to do, capable of
** c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 11.23.2:बार्हस्पत्य स नास्त्य् अत्र साधुर् वै दुर्जनेरितैः । दुरुक्तैर् भिन्नम् आत्मानं यस् समाधातुम् ईश्वरः ॥bārhaspatya sa nāsty atra sādhur vai durjaneritaiḥ. duruktair bhinnam ātmānaṃ yas samādhātum īśvaraḥ.O disciple of Bṛhaspati, there is no man in this world capable of composing his mind after it has been disturbed by the abusive words of a bad person.
* liable, exposed to

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic
* ¹Vedic
* ²Brāhmaṇas
* ¹Vedic
* ²Brāhmaṇas
* ¹Vedic

### Noun

ईश्वर • (īśvará) stem, m
* a husband
* God
* the Supreme Being
* an epithet of Shiva
* an epithet of Vishnu

#### Declension

* ¹Vedic

#### Derived terms

* परमेश्वर (parameśvara, “the supreme being”)
* महेश्वर (maheśvara, “the great lord”)
* सुरेश्वर (sureśvara, “a lord of the gods, name of a god, of Indra”)

#### Descendants

* Bengali: ঈশ্বর (iśśor)
* Prakrit: 𑀇𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀭 (issara)
** Punjabi: ਈੱਸਰ੍ (īssar)
** Old Marathi: 𑘃𑘭𑘿𑘪𑘨 (īsvara)
* → Gujarati: ઈશ્વર (īśvar)
* → Hindi: ईश्वर (īśvar)
* → Kannada: ಈಶ್ವರ (īśvara)
* → Khmer: ឦស្វរៈ (ʼeisvâréaʼ)
* → Lao: ອີສວນ (ʼī sūan)
* → Malayalam: ഈശ്വരൻ (īśvaraṉ)
* → Marathi: ईश्वर (īśvar)
* → Nepali: ईश्वर (īśwar)
* → Old Javanese: īśwara, śwara
** → Balinese: ᬰ᭄ᬯᬭ (suara)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਈਸ਼ਵਰ (īśavar)
    Shahmukhi script: ایشور (iśvar)
* → Sinhalese: ඊශ්වර (īśwara)
* → Tamil: ஈசுவரன் (īcuvaraṉ), ஈசன் (īcaṉ)
* → Telugu: ఈశ్వరి (īśvari), ఈశ్వరుడు (īśvaruḍu)
* → Thai: อิศวร (ì-sǔuan), พระอิศวร
* Urdu: ایشور (iśvar)
* → English: Ishvara (learned)