# 旅

| 旅 | U+65C5, &#26053; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65C5 |
| ← 旄 [U+65C4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 旆 → [U+65C6] |
| 旅 | U+F983, &#63875; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F983 |
| ← 廬 [U+F982] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 濾 → [U+F984] |

## Translingual
### Han character

旅 (Kangxi radical 70, 方+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜尸人竹女 (YSOHV), four-corner 0823$_2$, composition ⿸𭤨⿸⿱丿𠄌⿺乀丿 or ⿰方⿱𠂉𧘇)

#### Derived characters

* 𲅭, 𣖺, 𬫽, 𩥆, 𭄸, 膂, 𬐰, 膐, 𱾊, 𥰠, 𬮐

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 483, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13644
* Dae Jaweon: page 845, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2178, character 7
* Unihan data for U+65C5
* Unihan data for U+F983

## Bailang
### Etymology

Compare Burmese လဲ (lai:, “to change”), Old Chinese 易 (OC *leɡ).

### Noun

旅 (*riaʔ)
* change

### References

* Hill, Nathan W. (2017) “Songs of the Bailang: A New Transcription with Etymological Commentary”, in Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient‎, volume 103, pages 386—429

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 旅 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 玈 | *raː |
| 旅 | *ɡ·raʔ |
| 膂 | *ɡ·raʔ |
| 祣 | *raʔ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 㫃 (“flag”) + 从 (“together”) – brigade. Hence, the original version is 𣃨.
The top component of the character is unrelated to 每, 伤, 复, 乞 as well as 人.

### Etymology
#### anything lined up in a regular fashion > one after another > line up in a row, set forth; troops, multitude

    From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-ra-t (“bone”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007)

#### guest, stranger, lodging

    Unrelated to sense ‘arrange in a series, etc.’ but from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-gra (“stranger, enemy”) (STEDT; Bodman, 1980; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2019), whence also Tibetan དགྲ (dgra, “enemy”); Schuessler additionally thinks this may belong to a larger group which includes 格 (OC *klaːɡ, *kraːɡ, “to go, to come”). See also Burmese ရန် (ran, “quarrel, strife”), whence also the first syllable of English Yangon.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lǚ (lü$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄩˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nü$^3$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лү (lü, II)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): leoi$^5$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lui$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): li$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): lî
    (Meixian, Guangdong): li$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ly$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): lṳ̌
* Eastern Min (BUC): lṳ̄
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ly$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lír / lú / lí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): li$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$liu; $^6$li
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǚ
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: lü$^3$
*** Yale: lyǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leu
*** Palladius: люй (ljuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ly²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nü$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ly
*** Sinological IPA : /ny⁵³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лү (lü, II)
*** Sinological IPA : /ly⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: leoi$^5$
*** Yale: léuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: loey$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lêu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɵy̯¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lui²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: li$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /li²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lî
*** Hakka Romanization System: li$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: li$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /li²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: li$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /li³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ly$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ly⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lṳ̌
*** Sinological IPA : /ly²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lṳ̄
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃y³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ly$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ly⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ly$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ly³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lír
*** Tâi-lô: lír
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lɯ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lú
*** Tâi-lô: lú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: luo
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /lu⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lí
*** Tâi-lô: lí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lie
*** IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /li⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /li⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /li⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: li$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lí
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$liu; $^6$li
*** MiniDict: liu$^去$; li$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$ly; $^3$li
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ly²³/, /li²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: li$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: ljoX
Rime :
| Character | 旅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力舉切 |
| Baxter | ljoX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɨʌ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /liɔ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /liɔ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɨə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /liɔ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭo$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /li̯wo$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lǚ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | leoi$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]aʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 旅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lǚ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ljo$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]aʔ/ |
| English | military unit of 500 men; to go |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 旅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8600 |
| Phonetic component | 旅 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 吕 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡ·raʔ/ |

### Definitions

旅
* (military) brigade
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) army; troops
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) an army consisting of 500 soldiers
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Wǒ tú wǒ yù, wǒ shī wǒ lǚ. [Pinyin]
    We went along on foot; we rode in our chariots; our 2500-strong regiment, and our 500-strong battalions.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) traveller
    From: I Ching, 11th – 8th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Lǚ zhēn jí yě. [Pinyin]
    If the stranger or traveller be firm and correct as he ought to be, there will be good fortune.
* journey; trip
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) hotel
* to travel
* 56th hexagram of the I Ching
* a surname

#### Usage notes

* (military): Under the National Revolutionary Army, a brigade was composed of two regiments (團). In turn, two brigades formed a division (整編師), a square division.

### Compounds

* 一成一旅
* 住宅旅社
* 公文旅行
* 勁旅 / 劲旅 (jìnglǜ)
* 商旅 (shānglǚ)
* 商旅店
* 單車旅行 / 单车旅行
* 套裝旅遊 / 套装旅游 (tàozhuāng lǚyóu)
* 客旅
* 差旅費 / 差旅费 (chāilǚfèi)
* 師旅 / 师旅
* 庭實旅百 / 庭实旅百
* 徒步旅行
* 振旅
* 文件旅遊 / 文件旅游
* 旅人 (lǚrén)
* 旅人蕉
* 旅伴 (lǚbàn)
* 旅力 (lǚlì)
* 旅夜書懷 / 旅夜书怀
* 旅客 (lǚkè)
* 旅居 (lǚjū)
* 旅店 (lǚdiàn)
* 旅思
* 旅次
* 旅歷 / 旅历
* 旅生
* 旅社 (lǚshè)
* 旅祉
* 旅程 (lǚchéng)
* 旅舍 (lǚshè)
* 旅行 (lǚxíng)
* 旅行劇團 / 旅行剧团
* 旅行包
* 旅行團 / 旅行团 (lǚxíngtuán)
* 旅行支票 (lǚxíng zhīpiào)
* 旅行社 (lǚxíngshè)
* 旅行車 / 旅行车 (lǚxíngchē)
* 旅費 / 旅费 (lǚfèi)
* 旅途 (lǚtú)
* 旅進旅退 / 旅进旅退
* 旅遊 / 旅游 (lǚyóu)
* 旅遊手冊 / 旅游手册
* 旅遊業 / 旅游业 (lǚyóuyè)
* 旅邸
* 旅酬
* 旅長 / 旅长 (lǚzhǎng)
* 旅順 / 旅顺 (Lǚshùn)
* 旅食
* 旅館 / 旅馆 (lǚguǎn)
* 旅館業 / 旅馆业
* 旅鼠 (lǚshǔ)
* 汽車旅館 / 汽车旅馆 (qìchē lǚguǎn)
* 畢業旅行 / 毕业旅行
* 知性之旅
* 羇旅
* 羈旅 / 羁旅 (jīlǚ)
* 自主旅遊 / 自主旅游
* 自助旅行
* 自助旅遊 / 自助旅游
* 虎旅
* 行旅
* 觀光旅館 / 观光旅馆
* 賓旅 / 宾旅
* 赤軍旅 / 赤军旅
* 軍旅 / 军旅 (jūnlǚ)
* 逆旅 (nìlǚ)
* 陳師鞠旅 / 陈师鞠旅
* 鞠旅

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 旅 |
| Kyūjitai | 旅 &#xF983; or 旅+&#xFE00; |
| Kyūjitai | 旅󠄁 旅+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 旅󠄃 旅+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 旅)
* trip
* travel

#### Alternative forms

* 捛

#### Readings

* Go-on: ろ (ro)
* Kan-on: りょ (ryo, Jōyō)
* Kun: たび (tabi, 旅, Jōyō)、つらねる (tsuraneru, 旅ねる)、ならぶ (narabu, 旅ぶ)
* Nanori: たか (taka)、もろ (moro)

#### Compounds

* 旅(りょ)順(じゅん) (Ryojun)
* 旅(りょ)大(だい) (Ryodai)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 旅
* たび Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
/tabi$_1$/ → /tabi/
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed no earlier than 759 and one of the oldest extant texts in the Japanese language.
May be cognate with 度 (tabi, “the time when something happens”); both terms have the same pitch accent, the same ancient vowel values, and some semantic overlap.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) たび [tàbíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [ta̠bʲi]

#### Noun

旅(たび) • (tabi)
* a journey; travel
** 1694, 松尾芭蕉 Matsuo Bashō
    旅(たび)に病(や)んで夢(ゆめ)は枯(かれ)野(の)をかけ廻(めぐ)る。
       Tabi ni yande yume wa kareno o kakemeguru.
       Anxious to go journeying, my dreams run through the desolate fields.
    不(ふ)思(し)議(ぎ)な旅(たび)が始(はじ)まるぜ！
       Fushigi na tabi ga hajimaru ze!
       A strange journey is about to begin!
* (archaic) a temporary time spent in a place
* (more specifically) a place where a 神輿 (mikoshi, “portable shrine”) spends a temporary time outside of the 本宮 (hongū, “main shrine building”) during a 祭り (matsuri, “festival”)

##### Derived terms

* 旅(たび)先(さき) (tabisaki, “destination”)
* 旅(たび)路(じ) (tabiji, “route, itinerary; journey”)
* 旅支度(たびじたく) (tabijitaku)
* 旅(たび)立(だ)ち (tabidachi, “departure (on a trip)”)
* 旅鼠(たびねずみ) (tabinezumi)
* 旅(たび)人(びと) (tabibito, “traveller”)
* 長旅(ながたび) (nagatabi)
* 船(ふな)旅(たび) (funatabi, “traveling by boat; cruise”)

#### Verb

旅(たび)する • (tabi suru) intransitive suru (stem 旅(たび)し (tabi shi), past 旅(たび)した (tabi shita))
* to travel, to go on a journey or trip

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 旅し | たびし | tabi shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 旅し | たびし | tabi shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 旅する | たびする | tabi suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 旅する | たびする | tabi suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 旅すれ | たびすれ | tabi sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 旅せよ¹ 旅しろ² | たびせよ¹ たびしろ² | tabi seyo¹ tabi shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 旅される | たびされる | tabi sareru |
| Causative | 旅させる 旅さす | たびさせる たびさす | tabi saseru tabi sasu |
| Potential | 旅できる | たびできる | tabi dekiru |
| Volitional | 旅しよう | たびしよう | tabi shiyō |
| Negative | 旅しない | たびしない | tabi shinai |
| Negative continuative | 旅せず | たびせず | tabi sezu |
| Formal | 旅します | たびします | tabi shimasu |
| Perfective | 旅した | たびした | tabi shita |
| Conjunctive | 旅して | たびして | tabi shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 旅すれば | たびすれば | tabi sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 旅
* りょ Grade: 3
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 旅 (MC ljoX, “a military unit of 500 men; to go [on a sortie; on a trip or journey]”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) りょ [ryóꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɾʲo̞]

#### Noun

旅(りょ) • (ryo)
* in Zhou dynasty China, a military unit of 500 soldiers
* the fifty-sixth of the sixty-four hexagrams of the I Ching ䷷
    Hypernym: 六十四卦

##### Derived terms

* 旅(りょ)団(だん) (ryodan, “brigade”)

#### Prefix

旅(りょ) • (ryo-)
* a trip, a journey, travel

##### Usage notes

The prefix usage only ever appears in kanji compounds.

##### Derived terms

* 旅(りょ)衣(い) (ryoi)
* 旅(りょ)逸(いつ) (ryoitsu)
* 旅(りょ)飲(いん) (ryoin)
* 旅(りょ)鬱(うつ) (ryōtsu)
* 旅(りょ)懐(かい) (ryokai)
* 旅(りょ)客(かく) (ryokaku, “passenger”)
* 旅(りょ)宦(かん) (ryokan)
* 旅(りょ)館(かん) (ryokan, “inn”)
* 旅(りょ)雁(がん) (ryogan)
* 旅(りょ)客(きゃく) (ryokyaku)
* 旅(りょ)況(きょう) (ryokyō)
* 旅(りょ)銀(ぎん) (ryogin)
* 旅(りょ)具(ぐ) (ryogu)
* 旅(りょ)寓(ぐう) (ryogū)
* 旅(りょ)見(けん) (ryoken)
* 旅(りょ)券(けん) (ryoken, “passport”)
* 旅(りょ)行(こう) (ryokō, “trip, travel, voyage”)
* 旅(りょ)魂(こん) (ryokon)
* 旅(りょ)恨(こん) (ryokon)
* 旅(りょ)祭(さい) (ryosai)
* 旅(りょ)思(し) (ryoshi)
* 旅(りょ)次(じ) (ryoji)
* 旅(りょ)舎(しゃ) (ryosha)
* 旅(りょ)愁(しゅう) (ryoshū)
* 旅(りょ)酬(しゅう) (ryoshū)
* 旅(りょ)宿(しゅく) (ryoshuku)
* 旅(りょ)商(しょう) (ryoshō)
* 旅(りょ)情(じょう) (ryojō)
* 旅(りょ)食(しょく) (ryoshoku)
* 旅(りょ)信(しん) (ryoshin)
* 旅(りょ)人(じん) (ryojin)
* 旅(りょ)炊(すい) (ryosui)
* 旅(りょ)帥(すい) (ryosui)
* 旅(りょ)生(せい) (ryosei)
* 旅(りょ)荘(そう) (ryosō)
* 旅(りょ)装(そう) (ryosō)
* 旅(りょ)僧(そう) (ryosō)
* 旅(りょ)中(ちゅう) (ryochū)
* 旅(りょ)鳥(ちょう) (ryochō)
* 旅(りょ)枕(ちん) (ryochin)
* 旅(りょ)陳(ちん) (ryochin)
* 旅(りょ)程(てい) (ryotei)
* 旅(りょ)亭(てい) (ryotei)
* 旅(りょ)店(てん) (ryoten)
* 旅(りょ)途(と) (ryoto)
* 旅(りょ)囊(のう) (ryonō)
* 旅(りょ)泊(はく) (ryohaku)
* 旅(りょ)伴(はん) (ryohan)
* 旅(りょ)費(ひ) (ryohi, “travel expenses”)
* 旅(りょ)夢(む) (ryomu)
* 旅(りょ)夜(や) (ryoya)
* 旅(りょ)用(よう) (ryoyō)
* 旅(りょ)路(りょ) (ryoryo)
* 旅(りょ)力(りょく) (ryoryoku) (膂(りょ)力(りょく))
* 亜(あ)旅(りょ) (aryo)
* 逸(いつ)旅(りょ) (itsuryo)
* 客(かく)旅(りょ) (kakuryo)
* 羇(き)旅(りょ), 羈(き)旅(りょ) (kiryo)
* 彊(きょう)旅(りょ) (kyōryo)
* 軍(ぐん)旅(りょ) (gunryo)
* 逆(げき)旅(りょ) (gekiryo)
* 行(こう)旅(りょ) (kōryo)
* 戎(じゅう)旅(りょ) (jūryo)
* 師(し)旅(りょ) (shiryo)
* 商(しょう)旅(りょ) (shōryo)
* 振(しん)旅(りょ) (shinryo)
* 晨(しん)旅(りょ) (shinryo)
* 征(せい)旅(りょ) (seiryo)
* 賓(ひん)旅(りょ) (hinryo)
* 遊(ゆう)旅(りょ) (yūryo)
* 盧(ろ)旅(りょ) (roryo)

### References

* ↑ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “旅”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎ (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1042 (paper), page 572 (digital)
* ↑ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 632 (paper), page 329 (digital)
* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 旅 (MC ljoX). Recorded as Middle Korean 려 (lye) (Yale: lye) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 旅 (eumhun 나그네 려 (nageune ryeo), word-initial (South Korea) 나그네 여 (nageune yeo))
* hanja form of 려/여 (“trip; travel”)

#### Compounds

* 여객 (旅客, yeogaek)
* 여관 (旅館, yeogwan)
* 여권 (旅券, yeogwon, “passport”)
* 여단 (旅團, yeodan)
* 여비 (旅費, yeobi)
* 여행 (旅行, yeohaeng, “trip; travel”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

旅: Hán Nôm readings: lữ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.