OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# granum
## English
### Etymology 1

From the late 19th c., from Latin grānum (“grain, seed or small kernel”). Doublet of corn, grain, gram, and grao.

#### Noun

granum (plural grana)
* (biology) A stack-like structure in plant chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll; the site of photosynthesis.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

granum (plural granums)
* (obsolete, regional) One's grandmother.
** 1663 (indicated as 1664), [Samuel Butler], “Canto III”, in Hudibras. The Second Part. […], London: […] T[homas] R[oycroft] for John Martyn, and James Allestry […], →OCLC, page 175:Each of 'em has a ſev'ral Gin, / To catch Intelligences in. / Some by the Noſe vvith fumes trapan 'em, / As Dunſtan did the Devil's Grannum.

##### Alternative forms

* grannum

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *grānom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈɡraː.num/, [ˈɡräːnʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈɡra.num/, [ˈɡräːnum]

### Noun

grānum n (genitive grānī); second declension
* grain, seed, small kernel

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

#### Derived terms

* grānārium
* grānātim
* grānātum
* grānātus
* grāneus
* *grānica
* grānōsus
* grānulum
* mālogrānātum

#### Related terms

* grānifer

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: grãn
** Megleno-Romanian: grǫn, grăn
** Romanian: grâu
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Corsican: granu
** Dalmatian: grun
** Italian: grano
** Sicilian: granu
** Venetan: gran
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: gran
** Ladin: gran
** Romansch: graun
* Gallo-Italian:
** Piedmontese: gran, gran-a
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: gra
** Old French: grain
*** Middle French: grain
**** French: grain
*** → Irish: gráinne
*** → Middle English: greyn, grayn, grayne, grein, greyne, grone
**** English: grain
**** Scots: grain
**** Yola: gryne
** Occitan: gran
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: granu, grana (from neuter plural)
** Ladino: גראנו (grano)
** Old Galician-Portuguese: grão
*** Galician: gran
*** Portuguese: grão, gram (obsolete), graõ (obsolete), grao (obsolete)
**** Macanese: grám
** Spanish: grano
* → Basque: garau
* → German: Gran (learned)
* → Proto-West Germanic: *grānō (see there for further descendants)

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “grānum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 271: “*grāno-”

### Further reading

* “granum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “granum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "granum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* granum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 722.
* granum in Georges, Karl Ernst, Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 2962
# воан
## Komi-Zyrian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋoan/, [ˈʋo̞än]
* Rhymes: -oan
* Hyphenation: во‧ан

### Etymology 1

From во- (vo-, “to arrive”) +‎ -ан (-an).

#### Adjective

воан • (voan)
* winning
* forthcoming

##### Declension

Possessive declension of воан :

##### Derived terms

* воан падеж (voan paďež)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

воан • (voan)
* second-person singular indicative present/future of воны (vony)

### References

* L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 103
# Cyne
## Old English
### Etymology

From cyne- (“royal”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈky.ne/

### Proper noun

Cyne m
* a male given name

#### Declension

Strong i-stem:

### References

* Liber Vitae Ecclesiae Dunelmensis: Nec Non Obituaria Duo Ejusdem Ecclesiae (Durham Liber Vitae) page 25, line 11, recorded as "Cyni".
# stråla
## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈstɾoːˌla/

### Verb

stråla (present strålar, preterite strålade, supine strålat, imperative stråla)
* to radiate; to emit rays (also in a figurative sense)
* to radiate; to come out as rays
* to radiate; to expose to ionizing radiation
* to shine very brightly; to beam
* to beam; to smile broadly

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Related terms

* bestråla
* stråla samman
* stråle
* strålning
* radioaktiv strålning
* utstråla

### Further reading

* stråla in Svensk ordbok.

### Anagrams

* låtars, årtals, åtlars
# ਅਵਾਨ
## Punjabi
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [əʋaːnə̆]

### Proper noun

ਅਵਾਨ • (avān) m (Shahmukhi spelling اعوان)
* a surname, Awan

### References

* Singh, Bhai Maya (1895) “ਅਵਾਨ”, in The Panjabi Dictionary, Lahore: Munshi Gulab Singh and Sons.
# ܬܫܒܘܚܬܐ
## Classical Syriac
### Etymology

From the root ܫ ܒ ܚ related to praising. Compare Arabic تَسْبِيحة (tasbīḥa) and Hebrew תִּשְׁבָּחָה (tišbāḥâ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tɛʃboħtɑ]

### Noun

ܬܫܒܘܚܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܬܫܒܚܬܐ)
* praise, glory, honor/honour
* (figuratively) object of praise
* splendor/splendour, magnificence
* hymn, chant, canticle, psalm
* belief, opinion

#### Inflection
### References

* “twšbḥh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 357a
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 622b
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 1673a–b
# Engjëllike
## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* Ëngjëlliqe

### Etymology

From engjëll

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛnɟəɫˈikɛ/

### Proper noun

Engjëllike f (definite Engjëllikia)
* a female given name, equivalent to English Angelica
# cuhɨvɨ
## Chayuco Mixtec
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

cuhɨvɨ
* Tuesday

### See also

* days of the week (appendix): loñi · cuhɨvɨ · cu uñi · cu cumi · viarni · zavɨru · tumingu

### References

* Pensinger, Brenda J. (1974) Diccionario mixteco-español, español-mixteco (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 18)‎ (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Educación Extraescolar en el Medio Indígena, page 151
# おおぬさ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of おおぬさ – see the following entry. :
| 【大幣】 | [noun] (Shinto) a wooden wand with paper streamers attached, used in Shinto rituals for purification |
(This term, おおぬさ (ōnusa), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# Susana
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [suˈsana]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ana
* Hyphenation: Su‧sa‧na

### Proper noun

Susana (accusative Susanan)
* (biblical) Susanna

## Hawaiian
### Proper noun

Susana
* (biblical) Susanna

#### Derived terms

* Kukana

### References

* Mary Kawena Pukui - Samuel H. Elbert, Hawaiian Dictionary, University of Hawaii Press 1971, page 186

## Ingrian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian Сусанна (Susanna).

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈsusɑnɑ/, [ˈs̠us̠ɑn]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈsusɑːnɑ/, [ˈʃuʃˑɑːnɑ]
* Rhymes: -usɑn, -usɑːnɑ
* Hyphenation: Su‧sa‧na

### Proper noun

Susana
* a female given name, equivalent to English Susan

#### Declension
### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 552

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew שׁוֹשַׁנָּה (Šōšannā, “rose, or lily”), from Egyptian
(zšn).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /suˈzɐ̃.nɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /suˈzɐ̃.nɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /suˈzɐ.na/
* (Portugal) IPA: /suˈzɐ.nɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /suˈzɐ.nɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /suˈza.nɐ/
* Hyphenation: Su‧sa‧na

### Proper noun

Susana f (plural Susanas)
* a female given name, equivalent to English Susan or Susanna
* (biblical) Susanna (woman falsely accused of adultery)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /suˈsana/ [suˈsa.na]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: Su‧sa‧na

### Proper noun

Susana f
* a female given name, equivalent to English Susan
* (biblical) Susanna
# brygga
## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* bryggen (of noun)
* brygget (of verb)

### Noun

brygga m or f
* definite feminine singular of brygge

### Verb

brygga
* inflection of brygge:
** simple past
** past participle

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Middle Norwegian bryggja, from Old Norse *bryggja (past participle brugginn), from Proto-Germanic *brewwaną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to boil, brew”).

#### Alternative forms

* brygge, bryggja, bryggje

#### Verb

brygga (present tense bryggar or brygger, past tense brygga or brygde, past participle brygga or brygd or brygt, passive infinitive bryggast, present participle bryggande, imperative brygg)
* to brew

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

brygga f
* definite singular of brygge

### References

* “brygga” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

From Old Swedish bryggia, from Old Norse bryggja, from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerw-, *bʰrēw-.

#### Noun

brygga c
* a pier supported on piles or cribs, or floating on pontoons, used for mooring small boats or for bathing
* a bridge; nautical
* bridge; gymnastics
* (dentistry) a bridge (prosthesis replacing one or several adjacent teeth)
    Synonym: tandbrygga

##### Related terms

* båtbrygga
* dansbrygga
* lastbrygga

#### Verb

brygga (present bryggar, preterite bryggade, supine bryggat, imperative brygga)
* to bridge (to create a connection; more commonly in the compound överbrygga, but also on its own)
** 1995, Swedish government, Proposition 1995/96:38 Länsindelningen i Skåne och Västsverige m.m., section 3.4.2
    En stor del av nuvarande hinder har i Västsverige bryggats över genom samarbete mellan Göteborgs och Bohus och Älvsborgs län.A large portion of current obstacles have in Western Sweden been bridged through cooperation between Göteborgs och Bohus and Älvsborg County.
    Jag bryggade bränslepumpsrelät och fick det omlött
       I bridged the fuel pump relay and had it resoldered

##### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

##### Derived terms

* överbrygga

### Etymology 2

From Old Swedish bryggia, from Old Norse *bryggja, from Proto-Germanic *brewwaną.

#### Verb

brygga (present brygger, preterite bryggde, supine bryggt, imperative brygg)
* to brew (to prepare liquor or coffee)

##### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

##### Related terms

* brygd
* bryggare
* bryggeri
* bryggning

### Further reading

* brygga in Svensk ordbok.
# ਸੈਣੀ
## Punjabi
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sɛːɳiː]

### Proper noun

ਸੈਣੀ • (saiṇī) m (Shahmukhi spelling سینی)
* a surname, Saini

#### Declension
### References

* “ਸੈਣੀ”, in Punjabipedia [ਪੰਜਾਬੀਪੀਡੀਆ] (in Punjabi), Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025
* Singh, Bhai Maya (1895) “ਸੈਣੀ”, in The Panjabi Dictionary, Lahore: Munshi Gulab Singh and Sons.
# ܬܫܥܝܬܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Derived from the verb ܡܲܫܥܹܐ (mašˁē, “to narrate a story”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [taʃ.ʕiːθɑː]
* (Urmia) IPA: [taʃ.ʕiːtɑː]

### Noun

ܬܲܫܥܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ • (tašˁīṯā) f sg (plural ܬܲܫܥ̈ܝܵܬ݂ܹܐ (tašˁyāṯē))
* history (study and the documentation of the past)

#### Derived terms

* ܡܬܲܫܥܹܐ (mtašˁē, “to write the history of”)
* ܬܲܫܥܝܼܬ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ (tašˁīṯānāyā, “historical”)
* ܬܲܫܥܝܼܬ݂ܵܢܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (tašˁīṯānāˀīṯ, “historically”)

#### Related terms

* ܫܘܿܥܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šōˁīṯā)

## Classical Syriac
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [taʃʕiθɑ] (in the singular)
* IPA: [taʃʕ(ə)jɑθɑ], [taʃʃɛʕjɑθɑ] (in the plural)

### Noun

ܬܫܥܝܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܬܫܥܝܬܐ)
* narrative, tale, story, account
* history, biography
* composition, piece
* relation
* (grammar) declarative statement; indicative mood
* (grammar) predicate

#### Inflection
### References

* “tšˁy”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 375b
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 623a
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1674b
# territorio de Antofagasta
## Spanish
### Proper noun

territorio de Antofagasta m
* territory of Antofagasta
# Bicol Region
## English
### Proper noun

Bicol Region
* A region of the Philippines. Capital: Legazpi.
    Synonyms: Bicol, Bicolandia

#### Translations
### See also

* Metro Manila, National Capital Region
* Cordillera Administrative Region
* Ilocos ~ Ilocos Region
* Cagayan Valley
* Central Luzon
* Calabarzon
* Mimaropa
* Bicol ~ Bicol Region
* Western Visayas
* Central Visayas
* Eastern Visayas
* Zamboanga ~ Zamboanga Peninsula
* Northern Mindanao
* SOCCSKSARGEN
* Davao ~ Davao Region
* Caraga
* Bangsamoro ~ Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao ~ BARMM

### Further reading

* Bicol Region on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# stenografką
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stɛ.nɔˈɡraf.kɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -afkɔw̃
* Syllabification: ste‧no‧graf‧ką

### Noun

stenografką
* instrumental singular of stenografka
# Guendalina
## Italian
### Proper noun

Guendalina f
* a female given name, equivalent to English Gwendolen or Gwendoline
# fungera
## Swedish
### Etymology

From German fungieren, from Latin fungī (“to perform, execute”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- (“to enjoy”). Cognate with Norwegian Bokmål fungere, Norwegian Nynorsk fungere, fungera, Danish fungere, Dutch fungeren, English function, fungible, Czech fungovat, Slovak fungovať, Italian fungere, Spanish fungir, French fonctionner.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɵŋˈɡeːra/

### Verb

fungera (present fungerar, preterite fungerade, supine fungerat, imperative fungera)
* function; to be in action
* work; to function correctly
* work out; to succeed
    Det borde fungera.That should work.

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Synonyms

* (slang, informal) funka

#### Related terms

* funktion
* fungerande

### References

* ↑ fungera in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

### Further reading

* fungera in Svensk ordbok.
# emergency room
## English
### Noun

emergency room (plural emergency rooms)
* (Canada, US, Philippines, healthcare) A department of a hospital where seriously ill or injured patients, often with life-threatening conditions that require urgent or immediate treatment, are brought in, usually by ambulance.

#### Synonyms

* emergency department (ED)
* accident and emergency (A&E)
* casualty (UK)
* emergency ward (EW)
* emerg
* ER (abbreviation)
# Mac an Bhreitheamhan
## Irish
### Etymology

Literally, “son of the judge”

### Proper noun

Mac an Bhreitheamhan m (genitive Mhic an Bhreitheamhan)
* a male surname originating as an occupation, feminine equivalent Nic an Bhreitheamhan, equivalent to English Abraham, FitzAbraham, MacAbraham, MacAbrehan, Brehon, MacBrehon, Brohoon, or MacBrohoon

#### Usage notes

The English name Abraham is etymologically unrelated but became a common anglicization due to phonetic similarity.

### Further reading

* MacLysaght, Edward (1985) “(Mac)Abraham”, in The Surnames of Ireland, sixth edition, Dublin: Irish Academic Press, →ISBN, page 1; reprinted 1999
# סטירה
## Hebrew
### Etymology 1

Compare Gulf Arabic صطار (ṣṭār, “slap⁠”).

#### Pronunciation

* Homophone: סתירה

#### Noun

סְטִירָה • (stirá) f (plural indefinite סְטִירוֹת, singular construct סְטִירַת־, plural construct סְטִירוֹת־) [pattern: קְטִילָה]
* slap (blow, especially with the hand)

### Etymology 2

From Latin satira.

#### Noun

סָטִירָה • (satíra) f (plural indefinite סָטִירוֹת)
* satire
# Gillebrìghde
## Scottish Gaelic
### Alternative forms

* Gillebrìde, GilleBrìghde, Gille-Brìde, Gille-Brìghde, Gille Brìde, Gille Brìghde, Gileabart, Gilleabart

### Etymology

From gille (“servant”) +‎ Brìghde (“St Brigid”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʲiʎəˈpɾʲiːtʲə/

### Proper noun

Gillebrìghde m (vocative a Ghillebrìghde)
* a male given name from Old Irish, equivalent to English Gilbride or Gilbert, though the latter is etymologically unrelated.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# kuzeydoğu
## Turkish
### Noun

kuzeydoğu (definite accusative kuzeydoğuyu, uncountable)
* northeast

#### Coordinate terms

* (compass points)
| kuzeybatı | kuzey şimal kara | kuzeydoğu |
| batı garp ak | | doğu şark gök |
| güneybatı | güney cenup kızıl | güneydoğu |
# davurici
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /daˈu̯uː.ri.kiː/, [d̪äˈu̯uːrɪkiː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /daˈvu.ri.t͡ʃi/, [d̪äˈvuːrit͡ʃi]

### Adjective

davūricī
* inflection of davūricus:
** nominative/vocative masculine plural
** genitive masculine/neuter singular
# Raffaella
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raf.faˈɛl.la/
* Rhymes: -ɛlla
* Hyphenation: Raf‧fa‧èl‧la

### Proper noun

Raffaella f
* a female given name from Latin [in turn from Ancient Greek, in turn from Hebrew], masculine equivalent Raffaele or Raffaello
# tvättbjörn
## Swedish
### Etymology

From tvätta (“wash”) +‎ björn (“bear”). Compare Icelandic þvottabjörn, Danish vaskebjørn, Norwegian Bokmål vaskebjørn, German Waschbär.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtvɛtˌbjøːɳ/

### Noun

tvättbjörn c
* raccoon
** 2012, Thomas Engström, Mörker som gör gott, Albert Bonniers Förlag:Vi är små tvättbjörnar, vi gullar runt och skvätter lite men det är inte vi som sätter dagordningen.We are small raccoons, we cute around and splash a bit, but it isn't us who make the agenda.

#### Synonyms

* espan (obsolete)

### Further reading

* tvättbjörn in Svensk ordbok.
# воль
## Komi-Zyrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Permic *woľ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋoʎ/, [ˈʋo̞ʎ]
* Rhymes: -oʎ
* Hyphenation: воль

### Noun

воль • (voľ)
* deerskin, elkskin

#### Declension

Possessive declension of воль :

#### Derived terms

* вольӧс (voľös)

### References

* A. I. Podorova, editor (1948), Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], Syktyvkar: Коми Государственное Издательство, page 40
* Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language] (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 32
* L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 107

## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [volʲ]

### Noun

воль • (volʹ) f inan pl
* genitive plural of во́ля (vólja)
# Chvalkovský
## Czech
### Etymology

From Chvalkov.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈxvalkofskiː]

### Proper noun

Chvalkovský m anim (female equivalent Chvalkovská)
* a male habitational surname

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Moldanová, Dobrava (2019) Naše příjmení [Our surnames] (in Czech), 5th edition, Prague: Agentura Pankrác, →ISBN, page 73

### Further reading

* “Chvalkovský”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# 𐬬𐬀𐬡𐬲𐬀𐬐𐬀
## Avestan
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *wábžáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wábžʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *wóbʰsos, from *webʰ-. Compare Latin vespa, Old English wæps.

### Noun

𐬬𐬀𐬡𐬲𐬀𐬐𐬀 • (vaβžaka) ?
* wasp

#### References

* Martínez García, Javier, de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1)‎, Brill, →ISBN
# ಗೌಡ
## Kannada
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɐu̯ɖɐ/

### Proper noun

ಗೌಡ • (gauḍa)
* a male given name
# Ρ̇
## Albanian
### Pronunciation

IPA: /r(ə)/

### Letter

Ρ̇ (Rr) (upper case Ρ̇, lower case ρ̇)
* The 26th letter of the Arvanitic Albanian Greek-script alphabet.

### See also

* Greek script letters (script appendix): Α α, Β β, B b, Γ γ, Γϳ γϳ, Δ δ, D d, Ε ε, Ε̱ ε̱, Ζ ζ, Ζ̇ ζ̇, Θ θ, Ι ι, Ϳ ϳ, Κ κ, Κ̇ κ̇, Λ λ, ΛΛ λλ, Λ̇ λ̇, Μ μ, Ν ν, Ν̇ ν̇, Ο ο, Π π, Ρ ρ, Ρ̇ ρ̇, Σ σ, Σ̈ σ̈, Τ τ, Ȣ ȣ, Υ υ, Φ φ, Χ χ, Χ̇ χ̇, ΤΣ τσ, ΤΣ̈ τσ̈, DΣ dσ, DΣ̈ dσ̈
* (Latin-script letters) shkronjë; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, Dh dh, E e, Ë ë, F f, G g, Gj gj, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, Q q, R r, Rr rr, S s, Sh sh, T t, Th th, U u, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh
# אסיה
## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

אַסְיָה • (ásya) f
* Asia (a continent located east of Europe (typically delimited by the Urals), west of the Pacific Ocean, north of Oceania and south of the Arctic Ocean)
* a female given name, Asia or Asya

#### See also

Seven Continents in Hebrew · שֶׁבַע יַבָּשׁוֹת (layout · text) :
| Icons | | | | | | | |
| Hebrew | צְפוֹן אָמֵרִיקָה | דְּרוֹם אָמֶרִיקָה | אַנְטְאַרְקְטִיקָה | אַפְרִיקָה | אֵירוֹפָּה | אַסְיָה | אוקיאניה |
| English | North America | South America | Antarctica | Africa | Europe | Asia | Oceania |
# Leporillus
## Translingual

Wikispecies

### Proper noun

Leporillus
* A taxonomic genus within the family Muridae – stick-nest rats.
# Kökényesi
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From kökényesi (“of or related to Kökényes”), from Kökényes (a village in Ukraine) +‎ -i (adjective-forming suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkøkeːɲɛʃi]
* Hyphenation: Kö‧ké‧nye‧si

### Proper noun

Kökényesi
* a habitational surname

#### Usage notes

Hungarian surnames ending in -i or -y (both pronounced /i/, e.g. Munkácsy, Kölcsey, Petőfi, Jókai) may form their plurals with or without a linking vowel. These variants are usually synonyms with an occasional difference in meaning. (Reference in Hungarian: e-nyelv: The plural of surnames ending in -i or -y.)
* The variant with a linking vowel may indicate the persons belonging to the family with that surname.
    Megérkeztek a Munkácsyak! ― The Munkácsys (the Munkácsy family) are here!
* The variant without a linking vowel may indicate similar personalities or the works, writings, paintings, etc. of a famous person with that surname.
    Megérkeztek a Munkácsyk! ― The Munkácsys (the paintings of Munkácsy) are here!
# budapesztenką
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bu.da.pɛʂˈtɛŋ.kɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -ɛŋkɔw̃
* Syllabification: bu‧da‧pesz‧ten‧ką

### Noun

budapesztenką
* instrumental singular of budapesztenka
# Giorsal
## Scottish Gaelic
### Alternative forms

* Griseal

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʲirˠs̪əl̪ˠ/

### Proper noun

Giorsal f (genitive Giorsail, vocative a Ghiorsal)
* a female given name, equivalent to English Grace or Griselda

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.