# protein
## English
### Etymology

From proto- +‎ -ein. Suggested by Jöns Jacob Berzelius in a letter to Gerardus Johannes Mulder, from French protéine and German Protein, both coined based on Ancient Greek πρωτεῖος (prōteîos, “primary”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpɹəʊ.ti.ɪn/, /ˈpɹəʊ.tiːn/
* (US) IPA: /ˈpɹoʊ.tiːn/
* (US, dated) IPA: /ˈpɹoʊ.ti.ɪn/
** Homophone: protean
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

protein (countable and uncountable, plural proteins)
* (biochemistry, countable) Any of numerous large, complex naturally-produced molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids, in which the amino acid groups are held together by peptide bonds.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:protein
    Meronym: amino acid
** 2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 534:Proteins carry out the bulk of cellular functions, including relaying signals, providing structural support, and accelerating biochemical reactions.
* (nutrition, uncountable) One of three major classes of food or source of food energy (4 kcal/gram) abundant in animal-derived foods (meat) and some vegetables, such as legumes.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:protein
    Coordinate terms: carbohydrate, fat
* (nutrition, countable) A food rich in protein, often a meat or meat substitute.
** 2015 April 29, Mandy Unanski Enright, “One Meal, Two Proteins”, in Nutrition Nuptials‎, archived from the original on 11 April 2019:The preparation style should be the same for both proteins so that the side dishes compliment the meal.
** 2017, Daphne's California Greek, Catering Menu‎:Served with seasoned rice, classic Greek salad, pita, tzatziki, choice of 2 proteins & 2 sides
** 2018 May 31, Mary Kekatos, Daily Mail‎:What should you get for lunch at a halal cart? Nutritionists explain how to pick a protein that isn't packed with calories and why you should beware the white sauce

#### Derived terms

* acute-phase protein
* alloprotein
* animal protein factor
* apoprotein
* azoprotein
* Bence Jones protein
* bioprotein
* bone morphogenetic protein
* calciprotein
* carrier protein
* cerebroprotein
* checkpoint protein
* chondroprotein
* chromoprotein
* cI protein
* cobaltoprotein
* complement protein
* complete protein
* conjugated protein
* corticoprotein
* C-reactive protein
* cryoprotein
* cuproprotein
* cystoprotein
* cytoprotein
* dyslipoproteinaemia
* dysproteinaemia
* ectoprotein
* ERM protein family
* exoprotein
* extrinsic protein
* ferroprotein
* fetoprotein
* flavoprotein
* fluoroprotein
* fusion protein
* galactoprotein
* glial fibrillary acidic protein
* glycoprotein
* G-protein
* G protein
* green fluorescent protein
* GTP-binding protein
* heat shock protein
* hemeprotein
* hemiprotein
* hepatoprotein
* heteroprotein
* holoprotein
* homeoprotein
* homoprotein
* human seminal plasma protein hypersensitivity
* hydrolyzed vegetable protein
* immunoprotein
* integral membrane protein
* interprotein
* intraprotein
* intrinsic protein
* iron-sulfur protein
* iron-sulphur protein
* isoprotein
* lactoprotein
* leaf protein
* leaf protein concentrate
* lipoprotein
* lymphoprotein
* macroprotein
* mannoprotein
* matrix protein
* megaprotein
* melanoprotein
* membrane protein
* metalloprotein
* metaprotein
* microprotein
* miniprotein
* molybdoprotein
* motor protein
* mucoprotein
* multiprotein
* mutant protein
* mutein
* mycoprotein
* myelin protein zero
* myoprotein
* naked protein
* nascent protein
* neuroprotein
* nitroprotein
* nitrosoprotein
* nonprotein
* normoprotein
* nucleoprotein
* oncoprotein
* paraprotein
* peripheral membrane protein
* phosphoprotein
* photoprotein
* phytoprotein
* plasma protein
* pneumoprotein
* polyprotein
* preprotein
* prion protein
* proats
* pro-protein
* proprotein
* protease
* proteinaceous
* proteinase
* proteinate
* protein binder
* protein chain
* protein complex
* protein domain
* proteinemia
* proteinic
* protein isolate
* protein kinase
* proteinless
* proteinlike
* proteinogenesis
* proteinogenic
* proteinogram
* proteinoid
* proteinomics
* proteinomimetic
* proteinopathy
* proteinoplast
* proteinosis
* proteinous
* protein phosphorylation
* protein powder
* protein shake
* protein sorting
* protein subunit
* proteinuria
* proteome
* proteomics
* proteose
* protomer
* protose
* pseudoprotein
* quinohaemoprotein
* quinoprotein
* retinoblastoma protein
* riboprotein
* Rieske protein
* scaffold protein
* scleroprotein
* selenoprotein
* seroprotein
* single-strand binding protein
* spike protein
* S-protein
* storage protein
* SUMO protein
* superprotein
* tau protein
* textured vegetable protein
* transmembrane protein
* transport protein
* transprotein
* vanadium-associated protein
* xanthoprotein
* xenoprotein
* xylosylprotein

#### Related terms

* proteic
* proteo-

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### References

* ↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Protein”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.

### Further reading

* protein on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* protein on Wikiversity.Wikiversity

### Anagrams

* Petrino, Petroni, Pointer, interop, pointer, pterion, repoint, tropein, tropine

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈprotɛjn]
* IPA: [ˈprotɛɪn]
* IPA: [ˈprotɛiːn]

### Noun

protein m inan
* (biochemistry) protein
    Synonym: bílkovina

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “protein”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “protein”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “protein”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpʁotəˈiˀn/

### Noun

protein n (singular definite proteinet, plural indefinite proteiner)
* (biochemistry) protein

#### Declension
### References

* “protein” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From English protein.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈprotɛjin]
* Hyphenation: pro‧te‧in
* Rhymes: -in

### Noun

protein (plural proteinek)
* (biochemistry) protein

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

### Further reading

* protein in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch proteïne, from French protéine and German Protein, both coined based on Ancient Greek πρωτεῖος (prōteîos, “primary”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /proˈteɪn/
* Rhymes: -ɪn, -n
* Hyphenation: pro‧té‧in

### Noun

protéin (plural protein-protein)
* (biochemistry, nutrition) protein

#### Alternative forms

* protin (Standard Malay)

#### Derived terms

* berprotein
* protein aksi komplemen
* protein G
* protein hewani
* protein hidrolisat
* protein kedelai
* protein konjugasi
* protein kualitas tinggi
* protein lengkap
* protein nabati
* protein pengikat
* protein referensi
* protein susu
* protein terigu

### Further reading

* “protein” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

protein n (definite singular proteinet, indefinite plural protein or proteiner, definite plural proteina or proteinene)
* (biochemistry) protein

### References

* “protein” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

protein n (definite singular proteinet, indefinite plural protein, definite plural proteina)
* (biochemistry) protein

### References

* “protein” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Swedish
### Noun

protein n (uncountable)
* (biochemistry) protein

#### Synonyms

* äggviteämne

#### Derived terms

* fiskprotein
* lipoprotein
* membranprotein
* proteinberikad
* proteinbrist
* proteindrink
* proteinfattig
* proteinhalt
* proteinkälla
* proteinpulver
* proteinrik
* råprotein
* sojaprotein

### Further reading

* protein in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker

### Anagrams

* entropi, inropet

## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French protéine.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɾo.te.in/
* Hyphenation: pro‧te‧in

### Noun

protein (definite accusative proteini, plural proteinler)
* (biochemistry) protein

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
protein
proteinler
definite accusative
proteini
proteinleri
dative
proteine
proteinlere
locative
proteinde
proteinlerde
ablative
proteinden
proteinlerden
genitive
proteinin
proteinlerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
proteinim
proteinlerim
2nd singular
proteinin
proteinlerin
3rd singular
proteini
proteinleri
1st plural
proteinimiz
proteinlerimiz
2nd plural
proteininiz
proteinleriniz
3rd plural
proteinleri
proteinleri
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
proteinimi
proteinlerimi
2nd singular
proteinini
proteinlerini
3rd singular
proteinini
proteinlerini
1st plural
proteinimizi
proteinlerimizi
2nd plural
proteininizi
proteinlerinizi
3rd plural
proteinlerini
proteinlerini
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
proteinime
proteinlerime
2nd singular
proteinine
proteinlerine
3rd singular
proteinine
proteinlerine
1st plural
proteinimize
proteinlerimize
2nd plural
proteininize
proteinlerinize
3rd plural
proteinlerine
proteinlerine
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
proteinimde
proteinlerimde
2nd singular
proteininde
proteinlerinde
3rd singular
proteininde
proteinlerinde
1st plural
proteinimizde
proteinlerimizde
2nd plural
proteininizde
proteinlerinizde
3rd plural
proteinlerinde
proteinlerinde
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
proteinimden
proteinlerimden
2nd singular
proteininden
proteinlerinden
3rd singular
proteininden
proteinlerinden
1st plural
proteinimizden
proteinlerimizden
2nd plural
proteininizden
proteinlerinizden
3rd plural
proteinlerinden
proteinlerinden
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
proteinimin
proteinlerimin
2nd singular
proteininin
proteinlerinin
3rd singular
proteininin
proteinlerinin
1st plural
proteinimizin
proteinlerimizin
2nd plural
proteininizin
proteinlerinizin
3rd plural
proteinlerinin
proteinlerinin :

## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* prô-tê-in

### Etymology

From French protéine.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [pɹo˧˧ te˧˧ ʔin˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [pɹow˧˧ tej˧˧ ʔin˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [pɹow˧˧ tej˧˧ ʔɨn˧˧]
* Phonetic spelling: prô tê in

### Noun

protein
* (biochemistry) protein
    Synonym: chất đạm