OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# κρυφαῖος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From κρύφα (krúpha, “secretly”) +‎ -ιος (-ios, “an adjective-forming suffix”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kry.pʰâi̯.os/ → /kryˈɸɛ.os/ → /kriˈfe.os/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kry.pʰâi̯.os/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /kryˈpʰɛ.os/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /kryˈɸɛ.os/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /kryˈfe.os/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /kriˈfe.os/

### Adjective

κρῠφαῖος • (krŭphaîos) m (feminine κρῠφαίᾱ, neuter κρῠφαῖον); first/second declension
* hidden
* secret, clandestine

#### Descendants

* → Translingual: Cryphaeus
# Alabaster
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈæl.əˌbɑːs.tə/, /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tə/
* (US) IPA: /ˈæl.əˌbæs.tɚ/

### Proper noun

Alabaster
* A city in Shelby County, Alabama, United States.

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German alabaster, derived from Latin alabastrum, from Ancient Greek ἀλάβαστρος (alábastros), from earlier ἀλάβαστος (alábastos, “alabaster vase”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌽 (alabalstraun).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /alaˈbastɐ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Ala‧bas‧ter

### Noun

Alabaster m (strong, genitive Alabasters, plural Alabaster)
* (mineralogy) alabaster

#### Derived terms

* alabastern
* alabasterfarben

### References

* ↑ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “Alabaster”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891

### Further reading

* “Alabaster” in Duden online
* “Alabaster” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# lăm
## Bahnar
### Etymology

From Chamic. Compare Eastern Cham ꨕꨤꩌ (dalam).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lam/

### Preposition

lăm
* in, inside
    Synonym: tur

## Chru
### Etymology

From Proto-Chamic *dalam, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm, from Proto-Austronesian *daləm.

### Preposition

lăm
* in, inside

### References

* Thurgood, Graham (1999) From Ancient Cham to Modern Dialects: Two Thousand Years of Language Contact and Change‎, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, page 287
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*dalem”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ləm]

### Verb

lăm
* first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of la

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [lam˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [lam˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [lam˧˧]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Etymology 1

Alteration of năm.

#### Alternative forms

* (northern Vietnam) nhăm

#### Numeral

lăm (𠄻)
* (only in compounds) five
    mười lăm
       fifteen
    hai (mươi) lăm
       twenty-five

##### Usage notes

* This form is only used in compounds to indicate numbers over ten that end with five, except for 05-ending numbers (such as 105, 2005). This is probably to avoid confusion with năm with the sense "year". For example:
    mười (“ten”) + năm (“five”) → mười lăm (“fifteen”)
    mười (“ten”) + năm (“year”) → mười năm (“ten years”)
* The variant nhăm is used in Northern Vietnam in numbers greater than 20.
* See also nói ngọng.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

lăm
* (transitive, rare) to intend to do something
    Synonyms: lo, toan, rắp, định, tính
# kërcej
## Albanian
### Etymology

A derivative of kërcas, originally meaning 'to crack, to snap', thus 'to jump, to dance'. A descriptive term. Alternatively, from Dacian or Paleo-Balkan substrate, cognate to Romanian cățăra.

### Verb

kërcej (aorist kërceva, participle kërcyer)
* to dance
* to crack, to snap

#### Conjugation

* Show compound tenses:

#### Related terms

* kërcas
* kërce
* kërcell

### References

* ↑ Katičić, Radoslav (1976) Ancient Languages of the Balkans, page 152

### Further reading

* “kërcej”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “kërcej”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# kievādkū
## Livonian
### Etymology

From kievād (“spring”) +‎ kū (“month”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kievɑːdkuː/

### Noun

kievādkū
* (poetic) March
** Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
    marts – märts (kievādkū) – March
       March – March (spring month) – March

#### Synonyms

* märts

### See also

* janvār
* februar
* märts
* april
* maij
* jūnij
* jūlij
* ougust
* septembõr
* oktōbõr
* novembõr
* detsembõr
# იხ.
## Georgian
### Etymology

Abbreviation of იხილე (ixile).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [iχ]

### Verb

იხ. • (ix.)
* see (imperative)
# Lewie
## English
### Proper noun

Lewie
* A diminutive of the male given name Lewis.
# premiérem
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈprɛmɪjɛːrɛm]

### Noun

premiérem
* instrumental singular of premiér
# Tetragnathidae
## Translingual
### Etymology

Tetragnatha +‎ -idae

### Proper noun

Tetragnathidae
* A taxonomic family within the order Araneae – long-jawed orb weavers.

#### Hypernyms

* (family): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Protostomia – infrakingdom; Ecdysozoa – superphylum; Arthropoda – phylum; Chelicerata – subphylum; Arachnida – class; Araneae – order

#### Hyponyms

* (family): Leucauginae, Metinae, Tetragnathinae – subfamilies

### References

* Tetragnathidae on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Tetragnathidae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Tetragnathidae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# weilám
## Hamer-Banna
### Etymology

Compare Karo woilam.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /weilám/, [weilám̥]

### Noun

weilám (plural weilámma, masculine weilamâ, feminine weilámmo)
* heart (organ)
** (by extension) bravery

### References

* Petrollino, Sara (2016) A Grammar of Hamar: A South Omotic language of Ethiopia‎, Leiden University, pages 162, 317
# trò trống
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [t͡ɕɔ˨˩ t͡ɕəwŋ͡m˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʈɔ˦˩ ʈəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʈɔ˨˩ ʈəwŋ͡m˦˥]

### Noun

trò trống
* (chiefly in the negative, of a person) achievement, feat
** 2000 [1941], Tô Hoài, “Tôi Sống Độc Lập Tư Chủ Từ Thuở Bé – Một Sự Ngỗ Nghịch Đáng Ân Hận Suốt Đời. [An independent life since childhood – a prank that costs dearly]” (chapter 1), in Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký [Diary of a cricket], Nhà xuất bản Văn học, page 3; based on the English translation from Đặng Thế Bính, Diary of a cricket, 3rd edition, Hanoi: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1991, page 7:Vả lại, mẹ thường bảo chúng tôi rằng: “[…] Con cái mà cứ nhong nhóng ăn bám vào bố mẹ thì chỉ sinh ra tính ỷ lại, xấu lắm, rồi ra đời không làm nên trò trống gì đâu.”Besides, my mother used to tell her children, “[…] Children who are a burden to their parents develop parasitic habits and will grow up into ne’er-do-wells.”

### See also

* tích sự
# këmbej
## Albanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *kambjɔnit (> third person singular këmben), borrowed from Vulgar Latin *cambiō, from Late Latin cambīre, from Latin cambium, of Gaulish [Term?] origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kəmˈbɛj/

### Verb

këmbej (aorist këmbeva, participle këmbyer)
* to exchange, trade off
* to reciprocate

#### Conjugation

* Show compound tenses:

#### Derived terms

* këmbim

#### Related terms

* shkëmbej
* shkëmbim

### References

* ↑ Schumacher, Stefan, Matzinger, Joachim (2013) Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 192

### Further reading

* “këmbej”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “këmbej”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# kȭļimkū
## Livonian
### Etymology

From kȭļim (“birch sap”) +‎ kū (“month”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɯːʎimkuː/

### Noun

kȭļimkū
* (poetic) April
** Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
    aprīlis – april (kõļimkū [sic]) – April
       April – April (birch sap month) – April

#### Usage notes

LEL lists jūrikškū as a synonym for april.

#### Synonyms

* april

### See also

* janvār
* februar
* märts
* april
* maij
* jūnij
* jūlij
* ougust
* septembõr
* oktōbõr
* novembõr
* detsembõr
# a. de C.
## Spanish
### Etymology

Abbreviation of antes de Cristo.

### Adverb

a. de C.
* BC (Before Christ)
# Polyidus
## English
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Polyidus
* A male given name.
# premiérovi
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈprɛmɪjɛːrovɪ]

### Noun

premiérovi
* dative/locative singular of premiér
# oficir
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ofǐt͡siːr/
* Hyphenation: o‧fi‧cir

### Noun

ofìcīr m (Cyrillic spelling офѝцӣр)
* officer (military)
    Synonym: (Croatian) časnik
# 紅娘
## Chinese
### Etymology

Originally the character name of the maidservant of Cui Yingying in Yingying's Biography (《鶯鶯傳》), acting as a matchmaker between Cui and Zhang.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hóngniáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄋㄧㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hung$^4$ noeng$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): âng-niû / âng-niô͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hóngniáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄋㄧㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hóngniáng
*** Wade–Giles: hung$^2$-niang$^2$
*** Yale: húng-nyáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horngniang
*** Palladius: хуннян (xunnjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xʊŋ³⁵ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hung$^4$ noeng$^4$
*** Yale: hùhng nèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hung$^4$ noeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hung$^4$ nêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /hʊŋ²¹ nœːŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âng-niû
*** Tâi-lô: âng-niû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: angniuu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /aŋ²³⁻³³ niũ²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ niũ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /aŋ²⁴⁻²² niũ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âng-niô͘
*** Tâi-lô: âng-niôo
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /aŋ¹³⁻²² niɔ̃¹³/

### Noun

紅娘
* (chiefly female) matchmaker

#### Synonyms

* 伐柯人 (fákērén) (literary)
* 保山 (bǎoshān) (literary)
* 冰人 (bīngrén) (literary)
* 媒人 (méirén)
* 媒人婆 (méirénpó) (female)
* 媒妁 (méishuò) (literary)
* 媒姨 (bhuê$^5$ i$^5$) (Teochew, female)
* 媒婆 (méipó) (female)
* 月下老人 (Yuèxià Lǎorén)
* 月老 (yuèlǎo)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 紅 | 娘 |
| てんとうむし ||
| Grade: 6 | Grade: S |
| jukujikun ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 紅娘 – see the following entry. :
| 【天道虫てんとうむし】 | [noun] a ladybird (UK), ladybug (US), lady beetle (any beetle of family Coccinellidae) [noun] Synonym of 並瓢虫 (namitentō): an Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis) Alternative spellings てんとう虫, 瓢虫, テントウムシ |
(This term, 紅娘, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# bởi thế
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɓəːj˧˩ tʰe˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɓəːj˧˨ tʰej˨˩˦]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɓəːj˨˩˦ tʰej˦˥]

### Adverb

bởi thế
* therefore; consequently
** 2000 [1941], Tô Hoài, “Tôi Sống Độc Lập Tư Chủ Từ Thuở Bé – Một Sự Ngỗ Nghịch Đáng Ân Hận Suốt Đời. [An independent life since childhood – a prank that costs dearly]” (chapter 1), in Dế Mèn phiêu lưu ký [Diary of a cricket], Nhà xuất bản Văn học, page 3; based on the English translation from Đặng Thế Bính, Diary of a cricket, 3rd edition, Hanoi: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1991, page 7:Bởi thế, lứa sinh nào cũng vậy, đẻ xong là bố mẹ thu xếp cho con cái ra ở riêng.Following her principles, she would arrange for her children to live on their own.
# kursej
## Albanian
### Etymology

Probably a substrate word (probably Daco-Thracian), compare Romanian cruța. According to Orel, a derivative of Latin curtus.

### Verb

kurséj (aorist kurseva, participle kursyer)
* to save, save up, spare, put aside

#### Conjugation

* Show compound tenses:

### Further reading

* “kursej”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* Newmark, L. (1999) “kursej”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# vīmkū
## Livonian
### Etymology

From vīmõ (“rain”) +‎ kū (“month”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /viːmkuː/

### Noun

vīmkū
* (poetic) October
** Valda Šuvcāne, Ieva Ernštreite (1999, 2005), Latvian-Livonian-English Phrase Book, Eraksti, →ISBN
    oktobris – oktōbõr (vīmkū) – October
       October – October (rain month) – October

#### Synonyms

* oktōbõr

### See also

* janvār
* februar
* märts
* april
* maij
* jūnij
* jūlij
* ougust
* septembõr
* oktōbõr
* novembõr
* detsembõr
# epi
## English
### Etymology 1

Clipping of epinephrine.

#### Noun

epi (plural epis)
* A syringe or autoinjector filled with epinephrine, most frequently used for the treatment of acute allergic reactions to avoid or treat the onset of anaphylactic shock.
* (medical jargon) epinephrine

### Etymology 2

Clipping of epimorphism.

#### Noun

epi (plural epis)
* (category theory) Abbreviation of epimorphism.

### Etymology 3

Clipping of epidural.

#### Noun

epi (plural epis)
* (medicine, colloquial) Abbreviation of epidural.

### Etymology 4

Clipping of episiotomy.

#### Noun

epi (plural epis)
* (medicine, colloquial) Abbreviation of episiotomy.

### Etymology 5

Abbreviation.

#### Noun

epi (plural epis)
* Abbreviation of episode.
    You're so goated that even your lowest rated epi is an 8.1.

### See also

* epi curve
* Staph epi

### Anagrams

* EIP, IEP, P.E.I., PEI, PIE, Pei, ipe, ipé, pie

## Wauja
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛˈpi/

### Noun

epi
* axe

#### Usage notes

* This term is obligatorily unpossessed. In possessive constructions, a different word is used, e.g. nɨ'-gāwa (“my axe”).

### References

* Languages of the Amazon (2012, →ISBN, page 170
# Kahleesi
## English
### Proper noun

Kahleesi
* A female given name from fiction or popular culture, variant of Khaleesi

### References

* ↑ https://www.everything-birthday.com/name/f/kahleesi
# Hippopotamus
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Latin and New Latin hippopotamus, from Ancient Greek ἱπποπόταμος (hippopótamos), from ἵππος (híppos, “horse”) + ποταμός (potamós, “river”).

### Proper noun

Hippopotamus m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Hippopotamidae – common hippopotamuses.
    The hippopotamus belongs to Hippopotamus.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Tetrapoda – superclass; Mammalia – class; Theria – subclass; Eutheria/Placentalia – infraclass; Artiodactyla – order; Whippomorpha – suborder; Hippopotamidae – family

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Hippopotamus amphibius - sole extant species; †Hippopotamus madagascariensis, †Hippopotamus lemerlei - selected extinct species

#### Coordinate terms

* (genus): Choeropsis - genus of the pygmy hippopotamus

#### Derived terms

* Hippopotamidae
* Hippopotamus liberiensis (now Choeropsis liberiensis)

### References

* Hippopotamus (genus) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Hippopotamus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Hippopotamus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# Offizier
## German
### Alternative forms

* Officier (obsolete)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French officier (from the 16th century), from Medieval Latin officiārius.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔfiˈtsiːr/, [ʔɔ.fiˈt͡si(ː)ɐ̯]
** Audio:(file)
* IPA: /ɔfiˈsiːr/ (now widely obsolete, still frequent until mid-20th century)
* Rhymes: -iːɐ̯

### Noun

Offizier m (strong, genitive Offiziers or Offizieres, plural Offiziere, feminine Offizierin)
* (military) commissioned officer (soldier from the rank of lieutenant upwards)
* (history, especially communism, East Germany) a high-ranking official or civil servant in various government agencies
* (chess) any chess piece which is not a pawn: a knight, bishop, rook / castle, queen, or king
** 1856, M. Lange: Lehrbuch des Schachspiels, Halle, page 7 and 8 (later it's also spelled Officier):
    §. 3. Die Schachfiguren bestehen aus zwei einander gleichen Haufen zu je 16 Stück. […] Die acht kleineren einander gleichen Steine jeder Partei werden Bauern, die übrigen acht, grösseren aber Offiziere genannt. §. 4. Unter den Offizieren ragt durch seine Grösse der König hervor, welcher nach §. 1 die wichtigste Figur des Spieles ist.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1874, G. R. Neumann, Leitfaden für Anfänger im Schachspiel, 2nd edition, Berlin, page 2:Die Schachsteine (aus Holz, Elfenbein u. s. w.) sind 32 an der Zahl, 16 weisse für den einen und 16 schwarze für den anderen Spieler. Jeder hat nämlich 8 Offiziere und 8 Bauern ♙♟. Die Offiziere sind ein König ♔♚, eine Dame ♕♛, zwei Thürme (Rochen) ♖♜, zwei Läufer ♗♝ und zwei Springer (Rössel) ♘♞. Läufer und Springer pflegt man unter dem Namen "leichte Offiziere" zusammenzufassen.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1886, Johannes Metger, Die Schachschule, Leipzig, page 15:Offiziere werden die Figuren im Gegensatz zu den Bauern genannt (leichte Offiziere sind Läufer und Springer, schwere Offiziere Turm und Dame).(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2005, Der Brockhaus in zehn Bänden. 8: Rein-Sor, sub verbo Schach:
    Jeder Spieler verfügt in der Grundaufstellung über 16 weiße bzw. schwarze Figuren, und zwar über 8 Offiziere (König, Dame, 2 Türme, 2 Läufer, 2 Springer) und 8 Bauern.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Hyponyms

* (military): Artillerieoffizier, Infanterieoffizier, Ingenieuroffizier
* (chess): Springer, Läufer, Turm, Dame, König

#### Derived terms

* Offizierscorps
* Offizierskasino
* Offizierslaufbahn
* Offiziersschule
* Unteroffizier

#### Descendants

* Czech: oficír

### Further reading

* “Offizier” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Offizier” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Offizier” in Duden online
* Offizier on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$
# press F to pay respects
## English
### Etymology

From a prompt in the PC version of the 2014 video game Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare which directs the player to press the F key to touch a fallen soldier's coffin during a funeral cutscene.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Phrase

press F to pay respects
* (Internet slang, humorous, often sarcastic) Used to convey that credit, recognition, or sympathy should be given.
** 2018, Blake Aued, "Give the People What They Want", Flagpole, 26 December 2018 - 2 January 2019, page 6:
    The sundry restaurant comings and goings that made our digital readers press F to pay respects will be covered by food critic Hillary Brown in her year-end wrap-up in the Jan. 9 issue.
** 2019, "Off The Record", The Student Life (Claremont Colleges), 29 March 2019, page 6:
    Press F to pay respects to friends who have midterms this week.
** 2019, Charlotte Colombo, "A New Chapter!", Wessex Scene (University of Southampton), September 2019, page 2:
    Whether you're reading this as an escape from the buzz of events or found it discarded on a chair somewhere (press F to pay respects), let me take this opportunity to give you a warm welcome to Southampton.

#### Derived terms

* F in the chat (noun)

### References

* ↑ Cecilia D'Anastasio, "Five Years Of 'F' To Pay Respects", Kotaku, 4 November 2019
# Bundestagsabgeordneten
## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Bundestagsabgeordneten m
* inflection of Bundestagsabgeordneter:
** strong genitive/accusative singular
** strong dative plural
** weak/mixed genitive/dative/accusative singular
** weak/mixed all-case plural

### Noun

Bundestagsabgeordneten f
* inflection of Bundestagsabgeordnete:
** strong dative plural
** weak/mixed genitive/dative singular
** weak/mixed all-case plural
# Кꙑевъ
## Old East Slavic
### Alternative forms

* Киевъ (Kijevŭ) — Late form

### Etymology

Uncertain:
* Traditionally concidered to be derived from the city's founder Кꙑи (Kyi), meaning "Kyi's [city]". This has been dismissed by Michael Hrushevsky as folk etymology.
* According to Jaroslav Rudnyckyj and the Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages, the name derives from кии (kii, “pole”), maybe referring to the fact the city was palisaded by poles.
* Alternatively, related to the modern Ukrainian куява (kujava, “steep hill”) and Ukrainian куеви (kuevy, “mountain top”).
The first time mentioned in the Hebrew Kievan Letter, spelled as קייב. In the earliest Novgorod birch bark manuscripts spelled as Кꙑѥвъ (Kyjevŭ). Also mentioned by Constantine VII, the Byzantine Emperor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʊjɛʋʊ/, /ˈkɯjɛʋʊ/→/ˈkʊjɛʋʊ/, /ˈkɯjɛʋʊ/→/ˈkɔjɛːʋ/, /ˈkɯjɛːʋ/
* (ca. 9th CE) IPA: /ˈkʊjɛʋʊ/, /ˈkɯjɛʋʊ/
* (ca. 11th CE) IPA: /ˈkʊjɛʋʊ/, /ˈkɯjɛʋʊ/
* (ca. 13th CE) IPA: /ˈkɔjɛːʋ/, /ˈkɯjɛːʋ/
* Hyphenation: Кꙑ‧е‧въ

### Proper noun

Кꙑевъ (Kyjevŭ) m
* Kiev (a city in Kievan Rus)
** 1377, Dmitry of Suzdal, Laurentian Codex‎, page 1:кто въ києвѣ нача первѣє кнѧжи$^т$ и ѿкуду рускаꙗ ꙁемлѧ стала єсть⁘kto vŭ kijevě nača pervěje knęži$^t$ i otŭkudu ruskaja zemlę stala jestĭ⁘Who in Kiev first started to reign and whence the Russian land has started to be.

#### Related terms

* кꙑевьскъ (kyjevĭskŭ)
* кꙑꙗнинъ (kyjaninŭ)

#### Descendants

* Old Ruthenian: Кїєвъ (Kijev), Кїѣвъ (Kijěv)
** Belarusian: Кі́еў (Kíjeŭ)
** Carpathian Rusyn: Ки́їв (Kýjiv)
** Ukrainian: Ки́їв (Kýjiv) (see there for further descendants)
* Russian: Ки́ев (Kíjev) (see there for further descendants)
* → Serbo-Croatian: Kijev/Кијев
* → Old Novgorodian: Кꙑѥве (Kyjeve)
* → Medieval Hebrew: קייב (Qiyyōb)
* → Old Polish: Kijów
** Polish: Kijów
** →⇒ Medieval Latin: Kiōvia, Kijōvia
*** → Byzantine Greek: Κιωουίᾱ (Kiōouíā)
* →⇒ Old Norse: Kænugarðr (probably through *кꙑꙗновъ городъ)

### Further reading

* Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*Kyjevъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 256
* Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1972–1982) “Ки́їв”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 2 (Д – Ь), Ottawa: Ukrainian Mohylo-Mazepian Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian Language Association, →LCCN, page 660
* Stryzhak, O. S., editor (1985), “Кыєвъ”, in Етимологічний словник літописних географічних назв Південної Русі [Etymological Dictionary of Chronicle Geographical Names of Southern Rus'] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 77
* Luchyk, V. V. (2014) “Київ”, in Етимологічний словник топонімів України [Etymological Dictionary of Toponyms of Ukraine] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Academy, →ISBN, page 259
# tuoi
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtwɔ.i/
* Rhymes: -ɔi
* Hyphenation: tuò‧i

### Etymology 1

From Latin tuī.

#### Determiner

tuoi
* masculine plural of tuo

#### Pronoun

tuoi
* masculine plural of tuo

### Etymology 2

Ellipsis of i tuoi genitori.

#### Noun

tuoi m pl (plural only)
* (informal, with definite article) "your parents"

##### See also

* miei
* suoi

### References

* ↑ tuoi in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

## Livonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *toinën.

### Adjective

tuoi
* second

#### Usage notes

Alternative elative (tuoistõ) and inessive (tuoisõ or tuois) forms are possible in type 191. This type contains one word besides tuoi – nai.

#### Declension
### Determiner

tuoi
* other
** Tiit-Rein Viitso, Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz, Tartu, Rīga: TÜ, LVA
    tūoizta riekkõ kǟdõ
       to go a different way, path
    se um tuoi ažā
       that's another thing

#### See also

* Livonian ordinals (1st-11th):