# ver-
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch ver-, a merger of two Middle Dutch prefixes:
* Middle Dutch er-, an unstressed variant of or- (modern oor- from Dutch oor-, not from Dutch over), from Old Dutch ur-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-.
* Middle Dutch ver-, from Old Dutch fir-, itself from a merger of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *furi-, *fra- and other similar particles.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fər/

### Prefix

ver-
* to do or to become what the stem (following this prefix) refers to
* used to indicate that the action (referred to by the stem) has a negative connotation (for the direct object of the stem)
* to move or change in the manner specified by the stem

#### Usage notes

Not separable. When forming past participles, those generally aren't prepended with the prefix ge-.

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vər/, /vɛr/

### Etymology 1

The result of a merger of two Middle Dutch prefixes:
* Middle Dutch er-, an unstressed variant of ur-, or- (modern oor-), from Old Dutch ur-, ir-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-.
* Middle Dutch ver-, from Old Dutch fir-, far-, itself from a mixture of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *furi-, *fra- and other similar particles.
The first origin is cognate with Old High German ur-, ir- (German ur-, er-), Old English ā-, Gothic 𐌿𐌶- (uz-).
The second origin is cognate with Old English for- (English for-), Old High German fir-, far- (German ver-), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂- (fair-), 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-), 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-).

#### Prefix

ver-
* to do or to become what the stem (following this prefix) refers to
    ‎ver- + ‎minder (“less, fewer”) → ‎verminderen (“to reduce”)
* used to indicate that the action (referred to by the stem) has a negative connotation (for the direct object of the stem)
    ‎ver- + ‎werpen (“to throw”) → ‎verwerpen (“to reject”)
    ‎ver- + ‎oordelen (“judge”) → ‎veroordelen (“to condemn”)
* to move or change in the manner specified by the stem
    ‎ver- + ‎deel (“a part”) → ‎verdelen (“to split into parts”)

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: ver-
* Javindo: fer-
* Sranan Tongo: fer-, fru-, fri-

### Etymology 2

A contraction of older van der (“of the”), which is also common in surnames.

#### Prefix

ver-
* A prefix found as part of surnames, found mainly in the southern Netherlands and in Belgium.

##### Derived terms
### References

* ↑ ver- in familienamen, Genoodschap Onze Taal

## Faroese
### Etymology

From Old Norse verr, from Proto-Germanic *weraz, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognate with English were-.

### Prefix

ver-
* -in-law.

#### Usage notes

* Originally and officially, this prefix only refers to the husband's in-laws; however, colloquially, it is also used for the wife's in-laws.

#### Derived terms

* verdóttir
* verfaðir
* vermóðir
* versonur

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German ver-, from Old High German far-, from a mixture of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *fra-, *furi- and other similar particles. Cognate with English for-, Dutch ver-, Yiddish פֿאַר־ (far-), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂- (fair-), 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂- (faur-), 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-), Latin per-, prae-, pro-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɛr/, [fɛɐ̯-] (prescriptive standard)
* IPA: /fər/, [fɐ-] (alternative standard; much more common, except when provided with emphatic stress)
* Audio:(file)

### Prefix

ver-
* Inseparable verbal prefix for- (clarification of this definition is needed)
    vergeben (“to forgive”)
* Inseparable verbal prefix that denotes a transition of the object into a state, which is indicated by the stem.
    ‎ver- + ‎lieben (“to love”) → ‎sich verlieben (“to fall in love”)
    ‎ver- + ‎urteilen (“to pronounce judgement”) → ‎verurteilen (“to convict”)
* Inseparable verbal prefix indicating a faulty action.
    ‎ver- + ‎laufen (“to walk”) → ‎sich verlaufen (“to get lost”)
    ‎ver- + ‎zählen (“to count”) → ‎sich verzählen (“to miscount”)
    ‎ver- + ‎gießen (“to pour”) → ‎vergießen (“to spill”)
* Inseparable verbal prefix that denotes losing something (money, resources etc.) by way of doing something indicated by the stem
    ‎ver- + ‎prassen → ‎verprassen
    ‎ver- + ‎zocken → ‎verzocken
    ‎ver- + ‎ballern → ‎verballern

#### Derived terms

* verabreichen
* verabscheuen
* verabschieden
* veralbern
* verallgemeinern
* verändern
* veranlassen
* verantworten
* verarbeiten
* verärgern
* verarschen
* verarzten
* verballern
* verbannen
* verbeamten
* verbessern
* verbieten
* verbinden
* verbraten
* verbuddeln
* verderben
* verdienen
* verdingen
* verehren
* verelenden
* verengen
* vererben
* verfahren
* verfallen
* verfassen
* verfeinden
* verflachen
* verflüssigen
* verfolgen
* verfremden
* verfügen
* verführen
* vergessen
* vergeuden
* vergolden
* vergöttern
* vergraben
* vergrößern
* verhalten
* verhauen
* verheißen
* verhelfen
* verhunzen
* verhütten
* verirren
* verkaufen
* verkehren
* verklären
* verkörpern
* verköstigen
* verkünden
* verkuppeln
* verlangsamen
* verlassen
* verleugnen
* verlieren
* verludern
* vermachen
* vermehren
* vermieten
* vermindern
* vermissen
* vermöbeln
* vermüllen
* vernageln
* vernässen
* verpassen
* verpissen
* verprassen
* verprügeln
* verpulvern
* versachlichen
* versagen
* versalzen
* versanden
* verschalen
* verscherzen
* verschießen
* verschlampen
* verschütten
* verschwenden
* verschwimmen
* verschwinden
* verseuchen
* versichern
* versieben
* versilbern
* versinken
* versohlen
* verstehen
* versuchen
* vertiefen
* vertreiben
* vertreten
* vertun
* vervielfältigen
* verwahrlosen
* verwässern
* verweichlichen
* verwerfen
* verwirken
* verwünschen
* verwursten

### See also

* zer-

## Luxembourgish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɐ/

### Prefix

ver-
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Derived terms
## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch far-, for-, fer-, from a merger of Proto-Germanic *firi-, *fur-, *fra-.

### Prefix

ver-
* Forms verbs indicating change away from a state.
* Forms verbs indicating a more thorough action.

#### Descendants

* Dutch: ver-