# 匡

| 匡 | U+5321, &#21281; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5321 |
| ← 匠 [U+5320] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 匢 → [U+5322] |

## Translingual
### Han character

匡 (Kangxi radical 22, 匚+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 尸一土 (SMG), four-corner 7171$_1$, composition ⿷匚王)
* correct, restore, revise

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 153, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2606
* Dae Jaweon: page 345, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 83, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5321

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 匡 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 皇 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 惶 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 遑 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 堭 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 煌 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 餭 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 騜 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 艎 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 隍 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 湟 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 徨 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 篁 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 蝗 | *ɡʷaːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋs |
| 凰 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 偟 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 媓 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 韹 | *ɡʷaːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 葟 | *ɡʷaːŋ |
| 皝 | *ɡʷaːŋʔ |
| 汪 | *qʷaːŋ, *qʷaːŋs, *qʷaŋʔ |
| 尪 | *qʷaːŋ |
| 迋 | *kʷaŋʔ, *kʰʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs |
| 逛 | *kʷaŋʔ |
| 誑 | *kʷaŋs, *ɡʷaŋ, *kʷaŋs |
| 匡 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 筐 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 框 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 眶 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 誆 | *kʰʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋs |
| 邼 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 恇 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 劻 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 洭 | *kʰʷaŋ |
| 軭 | *kʰʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋ |
| 狂 | *ɡʷaŋ, *ɡʷaŋs |
| 軖 | *ɡʷaŋ |
| 鵟 | *ɡʷaŋ |
| 俇 | *ɡʷaŋʔ |
| 王 | *ɢʷaŋ, *ɢʷaŋs |
| 蚟 | *ɢʷaŋ |
| 彺 | *ɢʷaŋ |
| 旺 | *ɢʷaŋs |
| 諻 | *qʰʷraːŋ |
| 喤 | *qʰʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 瑝 | *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 鍠 | *ɡʷraːŋ |
| 揘 | *ɡʷaŋ |
Pictogram of a square-shaped bamboo basket (perhaps originally made to contain millet and rice); the inner component is 㞷, which today retains only the bottom component 王 as a phonetic element. The inner component The original form is 匩 and the original meaning is preserved in 筐.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kuāng (kuang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hong$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khiông
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kiong$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): kuŏng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khong
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kuang$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kuāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kuang
*** Wade–Giles: kʻuang$^1$
*** Yale: kwāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuang
*** Palladius: куан (kuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hong$^1$
*** Yale: hōng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hong$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiông
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kiong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯oŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kiong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: kuŏng
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰuoŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khong
*** Tâi-lô: khong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qofng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kuang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khuang
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰuaŋ³³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit匡 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /kʰuaŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /kʰuɑŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /kʰuaŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /kʰuaŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /kʰuaŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /kʰuaŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /kʰuɔ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /kʰuɑŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /kʰuɑ̃³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /kʰuaŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕʰiaŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /kʰuaŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /kʰuã̠²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /kʰuaŋ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /kʰuɑ̃²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /kʰuɒ̃¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /kʰuɑŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /kʰuɑ̃³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /kʰuɑ̃⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /kʰuɑ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /kʰuɑŋ³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰyɔ³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /kʰo³¹/ /t͡ɕʰia³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /kʰau¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /kʰuan³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰian³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰioŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kʰioŋ¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hɔŋ⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /hɔŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /hɔŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kʰuoŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kʰuaŋ³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /xuaŋ²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: khjwang
Rime :
| Character | 匡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (106) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 去王切 |
| Baxter | khjwang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰʉɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰʷiɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰiuɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰuaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰiuaŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰĭwaŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰiwaŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kuāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*k-pʰaŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷaŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 匡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kuāng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khjwang › |
| Old Chinese | /*k-pʰaŋ/ |
| English | square basket |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 匡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12721 |
| Phonetic component | 王 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 匡 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰʷaŋ/ |
| Notes | 說文所從𡉚聲， 甲文爲從止王聲字 |

#### Definitions

匡
* (literary) upright
* to correct; to rectify
* (literary) to assist
* (literary) to save; to rescue
* to predict; to expect
* (obsolete) to lose
* (historical) name of an ancient book
* (historical) name of two ancient places in Henan
* Alternative name for 廬山／庐山 (Lúshān).
* (obsolete) shell of crabs
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 恇 (kuāng)
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 一匡天下 (yīkuāngtiānxià)
* 不匡
* 九合一匡
* 功均一匡
* 匡俗濟時 / 匡俗济时
* 匡助 (kuāngzhù)
* 匡勷
* 匡合
* 匡君救主 (kuāngjūnjiùzhǔ)
* 匡坐
* 匡床
* 匡廬 / 匡庐 (Kuānglú)
* 匡復 / 匡复 (kuāngfù)
* 匡我不逮
* 匡扶 (kuāngfú)
* 匡持
* 匡救 (kuāngjiù)
* 匡時 / 匡时 (kuāngshí)
* 匡時濟世 / 匡时济世 (kuāngshíjìshì)
* 匡時濟俗 / 匡时济俗
* 匡正 (kuāngzhèng)
* 匡濟 / 匡济 (kuāngjì)
* 匡濟之才 / 匡济之才
* 匡當 / 匡当
* 匡算 (kuāngsuàn)
* 匡臺 / 匡台 (Kuāngtái)
* 匡謬 / 匡谬
* 析疑匡謬 / 析疑匡谬
* 濟世匡時 / 济世匡时
* 蟹匡蟬緌 / 蟹匡蝉𮉫
* 蠶績蟹匡 / 蚕绩蟹匡 (cánjìxièkuāng)
* 那匡
* 靖匡

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 匡 – see 筐 (“bamboo basket or chest”). (This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 筐).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 匡 – see 框 (“frame; framework; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 框).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 匡 – see 眶 (“eye socket, cranial orbit; rim of the eye; skin around the eyes”). (This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 眶).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 匡 – see 誆 (“to deceive; to cheat; to defraud; to coax”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 誆).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 6

* For pronunciation and definitions of 匡 – see 哐 (“clash; bang”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 哐).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: こう (kō)
* Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
* Kun: ただす (tadasu, 匡す)、すくう (sukuu, 匡う)

## Korean
### Hanja

匡 (eum 광 (gwang))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

匡: Hán Nôm readings: khuôn, khuông
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.