# 撨

| 撨 | U+64A8, &#25768; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64A8 |
| ← 撧 [U+64A7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 撩 → [U+64A9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

撨 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 手人土火 (QOGF), composition ⿰扌焦)

#### Derived characters

* 𮒝

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 456, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12736
* Dae Jaweon: page 805, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1960, character 6
* Unihan data for U+64A8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 癄 | *ʔsrews |
| 焦 | *ʔsew |
| 蕉 | *ʔsew |
| 鷦 | *ʔsew |
| 僬 | *ʔsew, *ʔsews, *zew |
| 噍 | *ʔsew, *zews |
| 膲 | *ʔsew |
| 鐎 | *ʔsew, *zew |
| 蟭 | *ʔsew |
| 燋 | *ʔsew, *ʔsewɢ |
| 醮 | *ʔsews |
| 潐 | *ʔsews |
| 趭 | *ʔsews, *zews, *lews |
| 樵 | *zew |
| 譙 | *zew |
| 憔 | *zew |
| 劁 | *zew, *zews |
| 顦 | *zew |
| 嶕 | *zew |
| 撨 | *zew, *seːw |
| 穛 | *ʔsreːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zew, *seːw): semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 焦 (OC *ʔsew).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siao
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$
*** Yale: syāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^1$
*** Yale: sīu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: sew, dzjew
Rime :
| Character | 撨 | 撨 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 蘇彫切 | 昨焦切 |
| Baxter | sew | dzjew |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /seu/ | /d͡ziᴇu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /seu/ | /d͡ziɛu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /seu/ | /d͡zjæu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɛw/ | /d͡ziaw/ |
| Li Rong | /seu/ | /d͡ziɛu/ |
| Wang Li | /sieu/ | /d͡zĭɛu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /sieu/ | /d͡zʱi̯ɛu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiāo | qiáo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | siu$^1$ | ciu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*seːw/, /*zew/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 撨 | 撨 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 |
| No. | 6367 | 6362 |
| Phonetic component | 焦 | 焦 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 蕭 | 樵 |
| Old Chinese | /*seːw/ | /*zew/ |

#### Definitions

撨
* (historical dictionaries only) to select

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāo, xiào (xiao$^1$, xiao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ, ㄒㄧㄠˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siao
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$
*** Yale: syāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiào
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siào
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^4$
*** Yale: syàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiaw
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

#### Definitions

撨
* (historical dictionaries only) to wipe

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sōu (sou$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄡ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sou
*** Wade–Giles: sou$^1$
*** Yale: sōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sou
*** Palladius: соу (sou)
*** Sinological IPA : /soʊ̯⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

撨
* (historical dictionaries only) to push

### Etymology 4

Probably a causative aspiration of 齊 / 齐 (chiâu, châu, “uniform; regular”) (Ong, 2023).
Alternatively, it may be from 調 (OC *dɯːw, “harmonious; to adjust”).

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhiâu / chhâu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cao$^5$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): qiao$^5$
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiâu
*** Tâi-lô: tshiâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiaau
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiau²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiau¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Tainan, Yilan, Singapore): /t͡sʰiau²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhâu
*** Tâi-lô: tshâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhaau
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang, Kinmen, Philippines): /t͡sʰau²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cao$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshâu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰau⁵⁵/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: qiao$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰiau²²/

#### Definitions

撨
* (Hokkien, Teochew, Leizhou Min) to adjust; to move (i.e. furniture or heavy objects)
* (Hokkien) to move (a sprained bone, etc.) back to its original position
* (Hokkien) to negotiate; to discuss; to adjust one's opinion to reach consensus
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to transfer; to give

#### Compounds

* 推撨
* 撨交椅
* 撨價 / 撨价
* 撨價數 / 撨价数
* 撨價錢 / 撨价钱
* 撨徙
* 撨摵
* 撨撥 / 撨拨
* 撨時鐘 / 撨时钟
* 撨骨

### References

* (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (粵拼資料庫)
* “撨”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* 劉建仁 (2011 January 15) “喬（ts‘iauˊ）──協調”, in 台灣話的語源與理據 (in Chinese), retrieved 2020-05-12

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

(Can we verify this pronunciation?)
* Go-on: しょう (shō)、じょう (jō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)