OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Echimys
## Translingual

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!

### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (ekhînos, “hedgehog”) + μῦς (mûs, “mouse, rat”).

### Proper noun

Echimys m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Echimyidae – the spiny tree-rats.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Tetrapoda – superclass; Mammalia – class; Theria – subclass; Eutheria/Placentalia – infraclass; Rodentia – order; Hystricomorpha – suborder; Hystricognathi – infraorder; Caviomorpha – infraorder; Echimyidae – family

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Echimys chrysurus, Echimys saturnus, Echimys vierai (species)

### References

* Echimys on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Echimys on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Echimys on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Echimys at Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* Echimys in Mammal Species of the World at Bucknell.
# Barangay Dos
## English
### Proper noun

Barangay Dos
* A barangay of Cabuyao, Laguna, Philippines.
* A barangay of Katipunan, Zamboanga del Norte, Philippines.
# spermies
## English
### Noun

spermies pl (plural only)
* (diminutive, informal) sperm, spermatozoa
# Natalus
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Natalus m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Natalidae.

### References

* Natalus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Natalus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Natalus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# riveter
## English
### Etymology

From rivet +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

riveter (plural riveters)
* A person whose job is to rivet.
    The riveter named Rosie was an iconic piece of American WWII propaganda.
* A machine or tool used to apply rivets.
    The beam couldn't support the weight of the riveter, so the workers were riveting by hand.

#### Synonyms

* (tool): rivet gun

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* rerivet, riveret

## French
### Etymology

From rivet +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

riveter
* (transitive) to rivet

#### Conjugation

With the exception of appeler, jeter and their derived verbs, all verbs that used to double the consonants can now also be conjugated like amener.

### Further reading

* “riveter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# нәтижелеу
## Kazakh
### Etymology

нәтиже (nätije) +‎ -леу (-leu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /næ.tij.ʒe.lew/

### Verb

нәтижелеу • (nätijeleu)
* to sum up, to summarize

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* нәтижелеуші (nätijeleuşı)
# inconivus
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* inconnīvus

### Etymology

From in- (“un-”) +‎ cōnīveō (“I close my eyes”) +‎ -us.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /in.koːˈniː.u̯us/, [ɪŋkoːˈniːu̯ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /in.koˈni.vus/, [iŋkoˈniːvus]

### Adjective

incōnīvus (feminine incōnīva, neuter incōnīvum); first/second-declension adjective
* (Apuleian) not closing the eyes, sleepless

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

### References

* inconivus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* inconivus in Georges, Karl Ernst, Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 2, Hahnsche Buchhandlung
* “inconivus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
# LGBTQXYZ
## English
### Etymology

From LGBTQ +‎ XYZ, the last three letters of the alphabet, mocking the practice of expanding the initialism with different letters denoting related communities.

### Adjective

LGBTQXYZ (not comparable)
* (slang, derogatory, offensive) Synonym of LGBT+ and LGBTQ+.
    Synonym: LGBTQWERTY
** 2014 April 29, Daniel P. Finney, “Iowa newspaper editor criticizes 'Gaystapo'”, in The Des Moines Register‎:Bob Eschliman, editor of the Newton Daily News, accuses "the LGBTQXYZ crowd and the Gaystapo" of trying "to make their sinful nature right with God" in a Monday post on his personal blog first reported by national media critic Jim Romenesko.
** 2017 August 9, Ryan Bomberger, “The Evangelists of Tolerance Have a Zero-Tolerance Policy”, in Townhall‎:The National Abortion Federation considers peaceful pro-life rhetoric and actions to be “hate speech.” Mainstream LGBTQXYZ activist groups have succeeded in New York City and in DC to cast “wrong” pronouns as finable hate speech.
** 2019 April 30, Janithor, “Re: They Just Blowed Up”, in alt.alien.vampire.flonk.flonk.flonk‎ (Usenet):I hope they had enough diversity in the crew that did the blowing up, at least one person better have been a high IQ LGBTQXYZ Muslim womyn from the Netherlands. Anything less would be racist.
** 2022, Katrien Jacobs, Tit-for-Tat Media: The Contentious Bodies and Sex Imagery of Political Activism, Abingdon: Routledge, →ISBN, page unknown:The Flemish lion, symbol of virility, complained that: “Abnormal is the new normal and people are sick and tired of ignorant crazy transgender people, gays, LGBTQXYZ people with peanut-nut intelligence making life unbearable because they believe in fairytales.[”]
** 2022 August 15, Tahman Bradley, “‘Klanned Parenthood’: Bailey’s running mate’s old social media posts surface”, in WGN-TV‎, archived from the original on 6 May 2023:“Just say no! The LGBTQXYZ agenda is aggressively trying to repurpose classic stories and films. How can a godmother be genderless? Satan is a liar!” Trussell posted in 2020 about actor Billy Porter playing a genderless fairy godmother.
# よいお年を
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 年
* とし Grade: 1
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 良いお年を

### Etymology

Abbreviation of 良(よ)いお年(とし)をお迎(むか)え下(くだ)さい (yoi otoshi o omukae kudasai), which is more formal and polite.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よい・おとしを [yóꜜì òtóshí ó] (Atamadaka + Heiban – [1]-[0])
* IPA: [jo̞i o̞to̞ɕi o̞]

### Phrase

よいお年(とし)を • (yoi otoshi o)
* Happy New Year (an expression wishing one the best for the next year, used before New Year's Day)

### See also

* 明(あ)けましておめでとう (akemashite omedetō)
# phylum
## English
### Etymology

From Latin phylum, from Ancient Greek φῦλον (phûlon, “tribe, race”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfaɪləm/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Homophone: filum
* Rhymes: -aɪləm

### Noun

phylum (plural phyla or (nonstandard) phylums)
* (taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank
    Mammals belong to the phylum Chordata.
** 1995 December 14, Natalie Angier, “Flyspeck on a Lobster Lip Turns Biology on Its Ear”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:While biologists are perpetually finding new species, they can almost always fit the organism into one of the existing taxonomic pigeonholes by which scientists classify life forms. The discovery of an organism so unusual that it needs its own phylum is an extremely rare event.
* (linguistics) A large division of possibly related languages, or a major language family which is not subordinate to another.
    Synonym: superstock

#### Derived terms

* subphylum
* superphylum

#### Related terms

* phylo-
* phylon

#### Translations
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fi.lɔm/

### Noun

phylum m (plural phylums)
* (taxonomy) phylum
    Synonym: embranchement

### Further reading

* “phylum”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek φῦλον (phûlon).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpʰy.lum/, [ˈpʰʏɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈfi.lum/, [ˈfiːlum]

### Noun

phylum n (genitive phylī); second declension
* phylum

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).
# よくやった
## Japanese
### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よく・やった [yóꜜkù yàttá] (Atamadaka + Heiban – [1]-[0])
* IPA: [jo̞kɯ̟ ja̠t̚ta̠]

### Interjection

よくやった • (yoku yatta)
* well done; good job

#### Usage notes

Only used by elders and superiors to children.

#### Synonyms

* よくできました (yoku dekimashita)
# atomska bomba
## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

àtōmskā bȏmba f (Cyrillic spelling а̀то̄мска̄ бо̑мба)
* atomic bomb
# en el nombre de
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /en el ˈnombɾe de/ [ẽn el ˈnõm.bɾe ð̞e]
* Syllabification: en el nom‧bre de

### Preposition

en el nombre de
* in the name of

### Further reading

* “en el nombre de alguien o algo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# -zaru
## Japanese
### Romanization

-zaru
* Rōmaji transcription of ざる
# contamino
## Catalan
### Verb

contamino
* first-person singular present indicative of contaminar

## Galician
### Verb

contamino
* first-person singular present indicative of contaminar

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /konˈta.mi.no/
* Rhymes: -amino
* Hyphenation: con‧tà‧mi‧no

### Verb

contamino
* first-person singular present indicative of contaminare

### Anagrams

* Monticano, montanico

## Latin
### Etymology

con- +‎ *tāmen +‎ -ō; probably for *tagmen, derived from the root of tangō (Proto-Indo-European *teh₂g- (“to touch, grasp”)).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /konˈtaː.mi.noː/, [kɔn̪ˈt̪äːmɪnoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /konˈta.mi.no/, [kon̪ˈt̪äːmino]

### Verb

contāminō (present infinitive contāmināre, perfect active contāmināvī, supine contāminātum); first conjugation
* to touch, bring into contact
* to corrupt, contaminate, defile, stain, pollute

#### Derived terms

* contāminābilis
* contāminātiō
* contāminātor
* contāminātus
* incontāminābilis

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: contaminar
* → English: contaminate
* → French: contaminer
* → Galician: contaminar
* → Italian: contaminare
* → Portuguese: contaminar
* → Romanian: contamina
* → Spanish: contaminar

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “contāminō, -āre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 131-2

### Further reading

* “contamino”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “contamino”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* contamino in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to be tainted with vice: vitiis, sceleribus contaminari or se contaminare (Off. 3. 8. 37)

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kõ.taˈmĩ.nu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /kõ.taˈmĩ.nu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /kõ.taˈmi.no/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kõ.tɐˈmi.nu/
* Rhymes: -inu, (Brazil) -ĩnu
* Hyphenation: con‧ta‧mi‧no

### Verb

contamino
* first-person singular present indicative of contaminar

## Spanish
### Verb

contamino
* first-person singular present indicative of contaminar
# 威亞
## Chinese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English wire.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wēiyǎ
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟ ㄧㄚˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wēiyǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄟ ㄧㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: weiyǎ
*** Wade–Giles: wei$^1$-ya$^3$
*** Yale: wēi-yǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ueiyea
*** Palladius: вэйя (vɛjja)
*** Sinological IPA : /weɪ̯⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

威亞
* (Entertainment) the wire used to suspend a person

#### Related terms

* 威吔
* 崴仔
# deor
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster, Connacht) IPA: /dʲoːɾˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /dʲɔːɾˠ/

### Noun

deor f pl
* genitive plural of deoir

### Noun

deor m (genitive singular deoir, nominative plural deora)
* Alternative form of deoir

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
deor
deora
vocative
a dheoir
a dheora
genitive
deoir
deor
dative
deor
deora
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an deor
na deora
genitive
an deoir
na ndeor
dative
leis an deor don deor
leis na deora :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* dēar — Northumbrian
* dīor — Kentish

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *deuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *deuzą, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewsóm.
Germanic cognates include Old Frisian diār, Old Saxon dior, Old Dutch dier, Old High German tior, Old Norse dýr, Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐌿𐍃 (dius). Further cognates include Lithuanian dvēsti and Russian душа́ (dušá).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /de͜oːr/

### Noun

dēor n
* wild animal, beast
* deer
* reindeer

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Derived terms

* dēorcynn
* dēoren
* wilddēor

#### Descendants

* Middle English: deor, deure, dure, dier, dere
** Scots: dere, deir
** English: deer

## Welsh
### Alternative forms

* dehoryd, dehori, dïor, dyor

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdeː.ɔr/

### Verb

deor (first-person singular present dehoraf)
* to hinder, impede, prevent
** to withhold, exclude from
** to refrain from
* to hatch, to brood, to incubate
** to breed
    Synonyms: bridio, epilio
** (figurative) to produce, to hatch (a plot)
    Synonyms: cynhyrchu, dyfeisio
** (figurative) to brood, to meditate morbidly
    Synonym: synfyfyrio
** to hatch (emerge from an egg)
*** (figurative) to come into being, to come to fruition, to appear
    Synonyms: dod i fod, ymddangos, aeddfedu
* to shell or peel (peas)
    Synonyms: digibo, blisgo, disbeinio, masglu
* to inlay, to veneer
    Synonyms: arddalennu, arwynebu

#### Derived terms

* deor ar (“to brood upon, to hatch, to bring forth”)
* iâr ddeor (“broody hen”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “deor”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# policy wonk
## English
### Noun

policy wonk (plural policy wonks)
* (politics, government) A person who studies or develops strategies and policies, especially one who has a keen interest in and aptitude for technical details.
** 1984 Oct. 29, New Republic, p. 16:
    Mondale's passionate attachment to the issue reflects his thralldom to the policy wonks and wise men of the Washington establishment.
** 1988 July 25, Joe Klein, “'President Dukakis': what the First Hundred Days Could be Like”, in New York Magazine, volume 21, number 29, page 27:Kirk O'Donnell, 42, who recently joined the campaign staff, is a unique combination of Boston pol and "policy wonk" who is best known in Washington as Tip O'Neill's former right-hand man, the guy who sold the speaker's program to the congressional troops.
** 1992 July 20, Walter Shapiro, “Gore A Hard-Won Sense of Ease”, in Time:Clinton and Gore . . . . both are new-ideas moderates with a policy wonk's love of the intricacies of complex issues.
** 2010, The Economist, Jul-Aug, p. 25:
    But access to ministers is not the only reason right-of-centre policy wonks are excited.

#### Synonyms

* theoretician
# ermagerd
## English
### Interjection

ermagerd
* (humorous) Alternative form of ermahgerd
# phắn
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [fan˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [faŋ˦˧˥]
* (Saigon) IPA: [faŋ˦˥]

### Interjection

phắn
* (colloquial, offensive) get lost!
    Synonyms: cút, biến, xéo

### Verb

phắn
* (colloquial, offensive) to leave one alone or go away
    Synonyms: cút, biến, xéo
** 2002, “Tin tức giật mình” (7:37 from the start), in Gặp nhau cuối tuần‎ (television production), spoken by Lê Khoát (Xuân Bắc), Vietnam Television:Tao đã bảo mày đi chơi cơ mà? Phắn đi chỗ khác!(please add an English translation of this quotation)
# 字節
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zìjié
    (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^6$ zit$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zìjié
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zìhjié
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^4$-chieh$^2$
*** Yale: dz̀-jyé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhjye
*** Palladius: цзыцзе (czycze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$ zit$^3$
*** Yale: jih jit
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$ dzit$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$ jid$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²² t͡siːt̚³/

### Noun

字節
* (computing, chiefly Mainland China) byte

#### Synonyms

* (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau) 位元組／位元组 (wèiyuánzǔ)

#### Derived terms

* 兆字節 / 兆字节 (zhàozìjié)
* 千兆字節 / 千兆字节 (qiānzhàozìjié)
* 千字節 / 千字节 (qiānzìjié)
* 太字節 / 太字节 (tàizìjié)
* 拍它字節 / 拍它字节 (pāitāzìjié)

#### Related terms

* Previous: 位 (wèi)
* Next: 千字節／千字节 (qiānzìjié)
# zahorar
## Spanish
### Etymology

From zahora +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /θaoˈɾaɾ/ [θa.oˈɾaɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /saoˈɾaɾ/ [sa.oˈɾaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: za‧ho‧rar

### Verb

zahorar (first-person singular present zahoro, first-person singular preterite zahoré, past participle zahorado)
* (Spain, regional) to have a zahora.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “zahorar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# fire and brimstone
## English
### Etymology

Calque of Biblical Hebrew גׇּפְרִ֣ית וָאֵ֑שׁ (gofrit va’esh) and Calque of Ancient Greek πυρὸς καὶ θείου (puròs kaì theíou), appearing in both the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament. "brimstone" is an old word for sulfur.

### Noun

fire and brimstone (uncountable)
* The traditional punishments of Hell.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 14:9–10:And the third Angel followed them, ſaying with a lowd voice, If any man worship the beaſt and his image, and receiue his marke in his forehead, or in his hand, / The ſame ſhall drinke of the wine of the wrath of God, which is powred out without mixture into the cup of his indignation, and hee ſhall be tormented with fire and brimſtone, in the preſence of the holy Angels, and in the preſence of the Lambe:

#### Related terms

* rain fire and brimstone
* hellfire

#### Translations
### Adjective

fire and brimstone (not comparable)
* Referencing or emphasizing the power and wrath of God.
    That preacher gave a real fire and brimstone sermon!
    The fire-and-brimstone preacher gave the city council a severe tongue-lashing after they voted on a zoning ordinance allowing a new strip club to open.

#### Alternative forms

* fire-and-brimstone
# kutsilyo
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cuchillo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kuˈt͡ʃiʎo/ [kuˈt͡ʃi.ʎo], /kutˈsiʎo/ [kuˈt͡si.ʎo]
* Hyphenation: kut‧si‧lyo

### Noun

kutsílyo (Basahan spelling ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ)
* (cutlery) kitchen knife
* (by extension) knife
    Synonym: daga

#### See also

* balisong
* gata
* lanseta
* palas
* sanggot
* sundang
* tabak

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cuchillo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kutˈsiljo/ [kʊˈt͡si.l̪jo]
* Hyphenation: kut‧si‧lyo

### Noun

kutsílyo (Badlit spelling ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ)
* knife
    Synonyms: panggi, pisaw, supok

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cuchillo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kutˈsiljo/ [kuˈt͡si.ljo]
* Hyphenation: kut‧sil‧yo

### Noun

kutsílyo
* knife
    Synonym: utak

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cuchillo.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kuˈt͡ʃiljo/ [kʊˈt͡ʃil.jo]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /kutˈsiljo/ [kʊt̪ˈsil.jo]
* Rhymes: -iljo
* Syllabification: kut‧sil‧yo

### Noun

kutsilyo (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜆ᜔ᜐᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜓ)
* (kitchen or table) knife
    Synonym: kampit

#### Derived terms

* kutsilyuhin
* magkutsilyo
* mangutsilyo

#### Related terms

* kutselyeriya

### Further reading

* “kutsilyo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# บุ้ง
## Thai
### Pronunciation

| Orthographic/Phonemic | Orthographic/Phonemic | บุ้ง ɓ u ˆ ŋ |
| Romanization | Paiboon | bûng |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | bung |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /buŋ˥˩/ |

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Tai *C̥.boŋꟲ (“caterpillar”).
Cognate with Lao ບົ້ງ (bong), Shan မူင်ႈ (mūung) or ဝူင်ႈ (wūung), Ahom 𑜈𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 (büṅ), Zhuang mbungq in mbungqmbaj (“butterfly”).

#### Noun

บุ้ง • (bûng) (classifier ตัว)
* caterpillar: larva of a butterfly or moth.

##### Synonyms

* ร่าน (râan)

##### Descendants

* → Lao: ບຸ້ງ (bung)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Tai *ɓuŋꟲ (“morning glory”).
Cognate with Lao ບຸ້ງ (bung) or ບົ້ງ (bong), Tày bủng, Zhuang mbungj in byaekmbungj.

#### Noun

บุ้ง • (bûng)
* (ผัก~) water morning glory: the plant Ipomoea aquatica of the family Convolvulaceae.

##### Synonyms

* ทอดยอด

##### Derived terms

* เต่ากินผักบุ้ง
* น้ำท่วมทุ่ง ผักบุ้งโหรงเหรง
* บุ้งขัน
* บุ้งจีน
* บุ้งทะเล
* บุ้งฝรั่ง
* บุ้งร้วม
* บุ้งรั้ว
* ลูกผักบุ้ง

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

บุ้ง • (bûng) (classifier เล่ม or อัน)
* (carpentry) rasp.

### References

* ↑ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai‎, Cornell University PhD dissertation, page 329
* ↑ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai‎, Cornell University PhD dissertation, page 332
# หนอก
## Thai
### Etymology

From Proto-Tai *ʰnoːkᴰ (“hump of an ox”).
Cognaite with Zhuang nok (“hump of an ox”).

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | หนอก h n ɒ k |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | หฺนอก h ̥ n ɒ k |
| Romanization | Paiboon | nɔ̀ɔk |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | nok |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /nɔːk̚˨˩/ |

### Noun

หนอก • (nɔ̀ɔk)
* hump.

### References

* ↑ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai‎, Cornell University PhD dissertation, page 349
# merunut
## Indonesian
### Etymology

meng- +‎ runut.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /məˈru.nut/, [məˈru.nʊt̪̚]

### Verb

merunut (passive dirunut)
* to sequence
** (biochemistry) to determine the order of things, especially of amino acids in a protein, or of bases in a nucleic acid

### Further reading

* “merunut” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

Affixation of meng- +‎ runut.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mə.ru.not]
* Hyphenation: me‧ru‧nut

### Verb

merunut (Jawi spelling مرونوت)
* Formal active of runut.
# navelluddet
## Swedish
### Noun

navelluddet
* definite nominative singular of navelludd
# linkava
## Italian
### Verb

linkava
* third-person singular imperfect indicative of linkare

## Portuguese
### Verb

linkava
* first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of linkar