# 餲

| 餲 | U+9932, &#39218; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9932 |
| ← 餱 [U+9931] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 餳 → [U+9933] |

## Translingual
### Han character

餲 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+9, 18 strokes, cangjie input 人戈日心女 (OIAPV), four-corner 8672$_7$, composition ⿰飠曷)
* putrid

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1423, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44278
* Dae Jaweon: page 1948, character 33
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4464, character 5
* Unihan data for U+9932

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 餲
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 愒 | *kʰaːds, *kʰrads, *kʰrad |
| 馤 | *qaːds |
| 靄 | *qaːds, *qaːd |
| 餲 | *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd |
| 喝 | *qraːds, *qʰoːb, *qʰaːd |
| 揭 | *kʰrads, *ked, *kʰrad, *ɡrad, *kad, *ɡad |
| 偈 | *ɡrads, *ɡrad |
| 猲 | *kʰob, *qʰaːd, *qʰad |
| 葛 | *kaːd |
| 輵 | *kaːd |
| 獦 | *klaːd, *rab |
| 渴 | *kʰaːd, *ɡrad |
| 嵑 | *kʰaːd |
| 暍 | *qʰaːd, *qad |
| 曷 | *ɡaːd |
| 褐 | *ɡaːd |
| 鶡 | *ɡaːd |
| 毼 | *ɡaːd |
| 蝎 | *ɡaːd |
| 鞨 | *ɡaːd, *ɢljad |
| 遏 | *qaːd |
| 齃 | *qaːd |
| 堨 | *qaːd |
| 擖 | *kʰreːd, *kraːd, *r'aːb |
| 楬 | *kʰraːd, *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 朅 | *kʰrad |
| 藒 | *kʰrad |
| 竭 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 碣 | *ɡrad, *ɡad |
| 羯 | *kad |
| 鍻 | *kad |
| 歇 | *qʰad |
| 蠍 | *qʰad |
| 謁 | *qad |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qraːds, *qrads, *ɡaːd, *qaːd): semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 曷 (OC *ɡaːd).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ài (ai$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): aat$^3$ / aai$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ái
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ài
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ài
*** Wade–Giles: ai$^4$
*** Yale: ài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ay
*** Palladius: ай (aj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: aat$^3$ / aai$^3$
*** Yale: aat / aai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: aat$^8$ / aai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ad$^3$ / ai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /aːt̚³/, /aːi̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ái
*** Tâi-lô: ái
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ae
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ai⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ai⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ai⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ai⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ai⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: 'jejH, 'aejH, 'at
Rime :
| Character | 餲 | 餲 | 餲 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 2/4 | 4/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 影 (34) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (37) | 夬 (29) | 曷 (63) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II | I |
| Fanqie | 於罽切 | 於犗切 | 烏葛切 |
| Baxter | 'jejH | 'aejH | 'at |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔˠiᴇi$^H$/ | /ʔˠai$^H$/ | /ʔɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔᵚiɛi$^H$/ | /ʔᵚai$^H$/ | /ʔɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔiæi$^H$/ | /ʔai$^H$/ | /ʔɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔjiaj$^H$/ | /ʔaɨjs$^H$/ | /ʔat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔjɛi$^H$/ | /ʔai$^H$/ | /ʔɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭɛi$^H$/ | /æi$^H$/ | /ɑt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔi̯ɛi$^H$/ | /ʔai$^H$/ | /ʔɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yì | yè | e |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jai$^3$ | aai$^3$ | ot$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qraːds/, /*qrads/, /*qaːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 餲 | 餲 | 餲 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 2/4 | 4/4 |
| No. | 5014 | 5019 | 5040 |
| Phonetic component | 曷 | 曷 | 曷 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 祭 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 喝 | 䋵 | 遏 |
| Old Chinese | /*qraːds/ | /*qrads/ | /*qaːd/ |

#### Definitions

餲
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, of food) to become spoiled after a long time

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hé (he$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hé
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hé
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^2$
*** Yale: hé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
*** Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: hat
Rime :
| Character | 餲 |
| Reading # | 3/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 曷 (63) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 胡葛切 |
| Baxter | hat |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɑt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hé |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hot$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 餲 |
| Reading # | 3/4 |
| No. | 5035 |
| Phonetic component | 曷 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 曷 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaːd/ |

#### Definitions

餲
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a kind of fried food made of flour

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 餲 – see 胺 (“amine; to rot and smell; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 胺).

### References

* “餲”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* spoiled
* sour
* moldy

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): えい (ei)、あつ (atsu)、あち (achi)、あい (ai)
* Kun: くさる (kusaru)

## Korean
### Hanja

餲 (eum 애 (ae))
* spoiled
* oil-and-honey pastry

## Vietnamese
### Han character

餲: Hán Nôm readings: ưởi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.