# 劦

| 劦 | U+52A6, &#21158; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52A6 |
| ← 劥 [U+52A5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 劧 → [U+52A7] |

## Translingual
### Han character

劦 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 大尸大尸尸 (KSKSS), four-corner 4742$_7$, composition ⿱力𠠴)

#### Descendants

* 協, 𠱿, 𢂐, 恊, 拹, 𣴚, 𭦀, 栛, 㶸, 𤙒, 珕, 脇, 𤱷, 䅄, 𠢂, 蛠, 𧻒, 𮡷, 䬅, 𱃚, 𢣢, 𬳫, 𣢩, 勰, 𫩻, 姭, 𣆕, 𠡷, 脅, 䝱, 荔, 𦴾, 𦶭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 146, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2307
* Dae Jaweon: page 330, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 367, character 11
* Unihan data for U+52A6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 劦 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 栛 | *reːbs |
| 珕 | *reːbs, *rebs |
| 荔 | *reːbs, *rebs |
| 脅 | *hlams, *hlab |
| 姭 | *hlams |
| 搚 | *raːb, *raːb |
| 拹 | *hlab |
| 愶 | *hlab |
| 嗋 | *hlab |
| 熁 | *hlab |
| 協 | *ɦleːb |
| 勰 | *ɦleːb |
| 劦 | *ɦleːb |
| 叶 | *ɦleːb |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): three 力 (“plough”) – to plough together; to cooperate. Triplication of 力 (“plough”).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xié (xie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hip$^6$ / hip$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hia̍p
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xié
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sié
*** Wade–Giles: hsieh$^2$
*** Yale: syé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
*** Palladius: се (se)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hip$^6$ / hip$^3$
*** Yale: hihp / hip
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hip$^9$ / hip$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hib$^6$ / hib$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiːp̚²/, /hiːp̚³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia̍p
*** Tâi-lô: hia̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiap
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hiap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hiap̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiap̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hiap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiap̚⁴/
* Middle Chinese: hep
Rime :
| Character | 劦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 怗 (158) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 胡頰切 |
| Baxter | hep |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦep̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦep̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɛp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦɛp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣep̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣiep̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣiep̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jip$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤep/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɦleːb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 劦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xié |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hep › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ˁep/ |
| English | with united forces |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 劦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13790 |
| Phonetic component | 劦 |
| Rime group | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 協 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɦleːb/ |

#### Definitions

劦
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 協 / 协 (xié, “to cooperate”)
* a surname

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liè (lie$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄝˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liè
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liè
*** Wade–Giles: lieh$^4$
*** Yale: lyè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lieh
*** Palladius: ле (le)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

劦
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to exert one's energy without ceasing

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 劦 – see 捏 (“(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to pick with fingers; to pinch”). (This character is the simplified form of 捏).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): きょう (kyō)、ぎょう (gyō)、りょう (ryō)
* Kun: にわか (niwaka)、がととのう (gatotonō)

## Korean
### Hanja

劦 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.