# 斑

| 斑 | U+6591, &#26001; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6591 |
| ← 斐 [U+6590] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 斒 → [U+6592] |

## Translingual
### Han character

斑 (Kangxi radical 67, 文+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一土卜大土 (MGYKG), four-corner 1111$_4$, composition ⿲𤣩文王 or ⿴玨文)

#### Derived characters

* 癍 𢴬 𤡰 𫫨 𬷱

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 477, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13470
* Dae Jaweon: page 835, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1123, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6591

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 班 | *praːn |
| 斑 | *praːn |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 珏 (“pieces of jade”) + 文 (“tattoo; stripe”). However, the component 珏 appears as a more conservative version 玨. The original meaning was "mixed colours" with a reference to jade pieces, then it turned into "stripe, spot, mark".

### Etymology 1

Either the same etymon as 班 (OC *praːn) or related to 駁 (OC *praːwɢ).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): bān (ban$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄅㄢ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ban$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baan$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pân
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pan
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bang$^1$ / boin$^1$ / bain$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$pe
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ban$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bān
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ban
*** Wade–Giles: pan$^1$
*** Yale: bān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ban
*** Palladius: бань (banʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pän⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ban$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ban
*** Sinological IPA : /pan⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baan$^1$
*** Yale: bāan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ban$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /paːn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pân
*** Hakka Romanization System: ban$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ban$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pan²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pan
*** Tâi-lô: pan
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pafn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pan³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pan⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bang$^1$ / boin$^1$ / bain$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pang / poiⁿ / paiⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /paŋ³³/, /põĩ³³/, /pãĩ³³/
* bang1 - literary;
* boin1/bain1 - vernacular (bain1 - Jieyang).
* Middle Chinese: paen
Rime :
| Character | 斑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 刪 (69) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 布還切 |
| Baxter | paen |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pˠan/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pᵚan/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /paɨn/ |
| Li Rong | /pan/ |
| Wang Li | /pan/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pan/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | baan$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤran/
    (Zhengzhang): /*praːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 斑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bān |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pæn › |
| Old Chinese | /*pˁran/ |
| English | variegated |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 斑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 225 |
| Phonetic component | 班 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 班 |
| Old Chinese | /*praːn/ |

#### Definitions

斑
* spot; stripe
* spotted; striped; mottled
    斑馬／斑马 ― bānmǎ ― zebra (literally, “striped horse”)
* (literary, of hair) grey
* (obsolete) to cut; to split
* (Cantonese) grouper (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    粟米斑腩飯／粟米斑腩饭 [Cantonese] ― suk$^1$ mai$^5$ baan$^1$ naam$^5$ faan$^6$ [Jyutping] ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* a surname, Ban

#### Compounds

* 一斑 (yībān)
* 三斑家蚊
* 光斑 (guāngbān)
* 剝落斑殘 / 剥落斑残
* 可見一斑 / 可见一斑 (kějiànyībān)
* 壽斑 / 寿斑
* 斑光銅礦 / 斑光铜矿
* 斑剝 / 斑剥
* 斑哥
* 斑岩 (bānyán)
* 斑斑 (bānbān)
* 斑斑點點 / 斑斑点点
* 斑斕 / 斑斓 (bānlán)
* 斑狀齒 / 斑状齿
* 斑疹 (bānzhěn)
* 斑疹傷寒 / 斑疹伤寒 (bānzhěn shānghán)
* 斑痕 (bānhén)
* 斑白 (bānbái)
* 斑禿 / 斑秃 (bāntū)
* 斑竹 (bānzhú)
* 斑竹壋 / 斑竹垱 (Bānzhúdàng)
* 斑節蝦 / 斑节虾
* 斑紋 / 斑纹 (bānwén)
* 斑芝 (pan-chi) (Min Nan)
* 斑蚊 (bānwén)
* 斑蝶
* 斑蝥 (bānmáo)
* 斑衣
* 斑衣戲彩 / 斑衣戏彩
* 斑銅礦 / 斑铜矿 (bāntóngkuàng)
* 斑青鱗魚 / 斑青鳞鱼
* 斑頸鳩 / 斑颈鸠
* 斑飛虱
* 斑馬 / 斑马 (bānmǎ)
* 斑馬線 / 斑马线 (bānmǎxiàn)
* 斑駁 / 斑驳 (bānbó)
* 斑駁陸離 / 斑驳陆离 (bānbólùlí)
* 斑騅 / 斑骓
* 斑驢 / 斑驴
* 斑鬢 / 斑鬓 (bānbìn)
* 斑魚 / 斑鱼
* 斑鳩 / 斑鸠 (bānjiū)
* 斑鳩跌彈 / 斑鸠跌弹
* 斑點 / 斑点 (bāndiǎn)
* 斒斑
* 斕斑 / 斓斑 (lánbān)
* 晒斑
* 母斑
* 汗斑 (hànbān)
* 牙菌斑 (yájūnbān)
* 璘斑
* 略見一斑 / 略见一斑
* 番茄斑萎病毒 (fānqié bān wěi bìngdú)
* 白斑 (báibān)
* 石斑魚 / 石斑鱼 (shíbānyú)
* 窺見一斑 / 窥见一斑
* 窺豹一斑 / 窥豹一斑
* 紫斑病
* 緻密斑 / 致密斑 (zhìmìbān)
* 羊斑
* 耀斑 (yàobān)
* 花斑癬 / 花斑癣 (huābānxuǎn)
* 葉斑病 / 叶斑病
* 蒙古斑 (měnggǔbān)
* 蘚斑 / 藓斑
* 虎體元斑 / 虎体元斑
* 血跡斑斑 / 血迹斑斑
* 譜斑 / 谱斑
* 陸離斑駁 / 陆离斑驳
* 雀斑
* 黃斑 / 黄斑 (huángbān)
* 黑斑 (hēibān)
* 黑斑蚊 (hēibānwén)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 斑 – see 癍 (“abnormal pigmentary deposits on the skin; flecks”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 癍).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### References

* “斑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* spot
* blemish
* speck
* patches

#### Readings

* Go-on: へん (hen)
* Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
* Kun: ふ (fu, 斑)、ぶち (buchi, 斑)、まだら (madara, 斑)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 斑
* まだら Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 斑 – see the following entry. :
| 【まだら】 | [adjective] variegated [noun] being variegated Alternative spellings 駁, 駮 |
(This term, 斑, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 斑
* むら Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 斑 – see the following entry. :
| 【むらムラ】 | [noun] 斑: a design like marble or spots [noun] (by extension) having variation or fluctuation |
(This term, 斑, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 斑
* ふ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* For pronunciation and definitions of 斑 – see the following entry: ふ
(The following entry is uncreated: ふ.)

## Korean
### Hanja

斑 • (ban) (hangeul 반, revised ban, McCune–Reischauer pan, Yale pan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

斑: Hán Nôm readings: ban
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.