# آل
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

Compare Akkadian 𒌷 (ālum).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔaːl/
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

آل • (ʔāl) m
* family
** a. 906, الناشئ الأكبر [an-nāšiʾ al-ʾakbar], كأنما الآل باعوا لها (first line)‎:كأنما الآل باعوا لها … سوائمٌ قد غابَ راعيها تتلع أحياناً أكمها … ثم تهاوى في مهاويهاAs though the family sold her … cattle of which the herder dashes Their hills at times can hold them … Then into their pits she crashes.
* (obsolete) a vapor or exhalation that becomes visible in the desert in the morn or eve distinct from a سَرَاب (sarāb) by not reflecting
** c. 700, أُميَّةُ بن أَبي عائِذٍ الهُذَليّ [Umayya ibn ʾabī ʿāʾiḏ (al-huḏalīy)], Dīwān al-Huḏalīyīn [Diwan Hodsailitarum / Hudsailian poems / Huḏaylitendiwan], page 201 verse 38 in Kosegarten’s edition:وَفِي غَمْرَةِ الْآلِ خِلْتُ الصُّوَى … عُرُوكًا عَلَى رَائِس يَقْسِمُونَاwafī ḡamrati al-ʔāli ḵiltu ṣ-ṣuwā … ʕurūkan ʕalā rāʔis yaqsimūnāIn the overabundance of fogs I fancied the barrows … the mariners onto the valleyhead, dividing us

##### Related terms

* ٱللّٰهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ (allāhumma ṣalli ʕalā muḥammadin wa-ʔāli muḥammadin)
* صَلَّى ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ (ṣallā llāhu ʕalayhi wa-ʔālihī wa-sallama)

##### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: آل (al)
* → Persian: آل (âl)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔaː.la/

#### Verb

آلَ • (ʔāla) I (non-past يَؤُولُ (yaʔūlu), verbal noun أَوْل (ʔawl) or إِيَال (ʔiyāl) or أَيْلُولَة (ʔaylūla))
* to return
* to turn into, to become [with إِلَى (ʔilā)]
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:صار

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3
#### Verb

آلُ • (ʔālu) (form I) /ʔaː.lu/
* first-person singular non-past active jussive of أَلَا (ʔalā)

### References

* Lane, Edward William (1863) “آل”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “آل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Arabic آل (ʔāl).

#### Noun

آل • (al)
* family

#### References

* Mallouf, Nassif (1856) Dictionnaire français-turc, 2nd edition, Paris: Maisonneuve, page 261

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *āl.

#### Adjective

آل • (al)
* crimson, red

##### Descendants

* Turkish: al
* → Albanian: all
* → Armenian: ալ (al)
* → Greek: άλικος (álikos, “crimson”)

### See also

Colors in Ottoman Turkish · بویا بویلر (boyalar) (layout · text) :
| آق (ak) | بوز (boz) | قره (kara) |
| قزل (kızıl); آل (al) | ترنجی (türünci); قوڭور (koñur) | صاری (sarı) |
| | یشیل (yeşil) | |
| | گوك (gök) | ماوی (mavi) |
| مور (mor) | افلاطون (eflatun) | پنبه (pembe) |

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔɑːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑːl]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɑːl]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔɔːl̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔɒːl̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔɔl]

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic آل (ʔāl).

#### Noun

آل • (âl)
* (literary or historical) family, lineage, house

### Etymology 2

Émile Benveniste claims that āl-γonak, the precursor of modern آلگونه (âlgune), is attested and connects this to the Persian female name Ἀλογούνη (Alogoúnē) mentioned in Ctesias. Harold Walter Bailey suggests that this is a merger of two Proto-Iranian [Term?] roots, *āla- and *harda-, cf. Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬛𐬀 (harəda). Walther Hinz similarly posits Proto-Iranian *Hr̥da- from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) and suggests that this is the source of آلو (âlu, “plum”) and آله (âloh, “eagle”), though the latter is also traced to a different Indo-European root. The link to Proto-Turkic *āl is likely coincidental.

#### Adjective

آل • (âl)
* bright red, scarlet

##### Derived terms

* آلگون (âlgun)

### References

* ↑ Benveniste, Émile (1960) “Le dieu Ohrmazd et le démon Albasti”, in Journal Asiatique, number 248, page 70
* ↑ Bailey, Harold Walter (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press
* ↑ Hinz, Walther (1972) “Review of M. Boyce and I. Gershevitch (eds.), W B Henning Memorial Volume”, in Indogermanische Forschungen, number 77, pages 290—296

## Ushojo
### Noun

آل (āl)
* race
* ethnicity