# بهار
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

Derived from Classical Persian بهار (bahār) in the sense of blossoms and foliage, as a great many spices are cultivated from the leaves of various plants and herbs.

#### Pronunciation

IPA: /ba.haːr/

#### Noun

بَهَار • (bahār) m (plural بَهَارَات (bahārāt))
* oxeye (Buphthalmum spp.)
    Synonyms: عَرَار (ʕarār), عَيْن الْبَقَر (ʕayn al-baqar), رَبْد (rabd)
* spice, seasoning
    Synonyms: تَابِل (tābil), أَبْزَار (ʔabzār), أَفَاوِيه (ʔafāwīh)

##### Derived terms

* بَهَار حُلْو (bahār ḥulw, “allspice”)

##### Descendants

* Gulf Arabic: بهار (bhār)
* → Ottoman Turkish: بهار (bahar), պահար (bahar) — Armeno-Turkish
** Turkish: bahar
** → Armenian: պահար (pahar)
** → Bulgarian: баха́р (bahár)
** → Georgian: ბაჰარი (bahari)
** → Greek: μπαχάρι (bachári)
** → Laz: ბეჲარი (beyari)
** → Macedonian: бахар (bahar)
** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: бѐха̄р
    Latin script: bèhār
** → Crimean Tatar: baar
(via plural form بَهَارَات (bahārāt)):
* → English: baharat
* → Turkish: baharat

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Urdu بھار (bhār) / Hindi भार (bhār).

#### Pronunciation

* (standard) IPA: /bu.haːr/
* (dialects also) IPA: /ba.haːr/

#### Noun

بُهَار • (buhār) m (plural بُهَارَات (buhārāt)) (obsolete)
* a dry measure (clarification of this definition is needed)
* a container of such a measure, a bag
* a weight measure varying according to place about 200 kilograms

##### Descendants

* → English: bahar

### References

* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “بهار”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 121
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 203
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “بهار”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 266

## Gulf Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic بَهَار (bahār), from Classical Persian بهار (bahār).

### Pronunciation

* (Kuwait) IPA: /bhɑːr/

### Noun

بْهار • (bhār) (dual بْهارين (bhārēn), plural بْهارات (bhārāt))
* spice, seasoning

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic بَهَار (bahār), from Classical Persian بهار (bahār).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.haːr/

### Noun

بهار • (bahār) m (plural بهارات (bahārāt))
* spice

## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* պահար (bahar) — Armeno-Turkish

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian بهار (bahâr).

#### Noun

بهار • (bahar)
* blossom
* verdure
* foliage
* spring, the season

##### Derived terms

* بهارستان (baharistan, “spring season; park, garden”)

##### See also

* Seasons in Ottoman Turkish · موسملر (mevsimler, “seasons”) (layout · text) · category بهار (bahar, “spring”) یاز (yaz, “summer”) گوز (güz, “autumn”) قیش (kış, “winter”)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic بَهَار (bahār).

#### Noun

بهار • (bahar)
* spice

##### Derived terms

* یڭیبهار (yeñibahar, “allspice”)

##### Related terms

* قارنبهار (karnabahar, “cauliflower”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: bahar
* → Armenian: պահար (pahar)
* → Bulgarian: баха́р (bahár)
* → Georgian: ბაჰარი (bahari)
* → Greek: μπαχάρι (bachári)
* → Laz: ბეჲარი (beyari)
* → Macedonian: бахар (bahar)
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: бѐха̄р
    Latin script: bèhār
* → Crimean Tatar: baar

## Persian
### Alternative forms

* باهار (bâhâr)

### Etymology

From Middle Persian whʾl (wahār), from Old Persian 𐎺𐎠𐏃𐎼 (v-a-h-r), from Proto-Iranian *wáhār, collective of *wáhr̥, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wásr̥, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥ (“spring”).
Cognate with Mazanderani وهار (vehār), Talysh اوسور (əvəsor), Laki وهار (whar), Zazaki wesar, Central Kurdish بەھار (behar). Other cognates include Sanskrit वसन्त (vasanta), Old Armenian գարուն (garun), Latin ver, Ancient Greek ἔαρ (éar), Old Church Slavonic весна (vesna), Lithuanian vãsara, Old Norse vár.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ba.ˈhɑːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bä.ɦɑ́ːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bä.ɦɑ́ːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [bɑːɑ́ːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [bɔːɔ́ːɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [bæ.ɦɒ́ːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [bä.ɦɔ́ɾ]

### Noun

بهار • (bahâr)
* spring (season)
* blossom

#### Related terms

* بهاری (bahâri)
* بهاره (bahâre)
* بهاران (bahârân)
* بهارستان (bahârestân)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: բահար (bahar)
* → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܒܲܗܵܪ (bahār)
* → Azerbaijani: bahar
* → Bengali: বাহার (bahar)
* → Classical Mandaic: ࡁࡄࡀࡓ (bhar)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: बहार (bahār)
    Urdu: بہار (bahār)
* → Ottoman Turkish: بهار (bahar), պահար (bahar) — Armeno-Turkish
** Turkish: bahar
** → Armenian: պահար (pahar)
** → Bulgarian: баха́р (bahár)
** → Georgian: ბაჰარი (bahari)
** → Greek: μπαχάρι (bachári)
** → Laz: ბეჲარი (beyari)
** → Macedonian: бахар (bahar)
** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: бѐха̄р
    Latin script: bèhār
** → Crimean Tatar: baar
* → Punjabi: ਬਹਾਰ (bahār)
* → Sindhi: بهار (bahāra)
* → Uzbek: bahor

#### See also

Seasons in Persian · فَصْل (fasl) (layout · text) · category :
| بَهار (bahâr, “spring”) | تابِسْتان (tâbestân, “summer”) | پاییز (pâyiz, “autumn”) | زِمِسْتان (zemestân, “winter”) |

### Proper noun

بهار • (bahâr)
* a female given name, Bahar, from Middle Persian

### References

* ↑ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 264-5

## Sindhi
### Etymology

From Classical Persian بهار (bahār). Compare Urdu بہار (bahār).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [baɦɑːra]

### Noun

بهار • (bahāra) f (Devanagari बहार)
* (season) spring
* blossom

#### See also

Seasons in Sindhi · مندون (mundūn) (layout · text) · category :
| بهار (bahāra, “spring”) | اونهارو (ūnhāro, “summer”) | سرء (sarau, “autumn”) | سيارو (siāro, “winter”) |

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic بَهَار (bahār), from Classical Persian بهار (bahār).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bhaːr/, [bhɑːrˤ]
* Audio (Bethlehem):(file)

### Noun

بهار • (bhār) m (plural بهارات (bhārāt))
* spice