# 俟

| 俟 | U+4FDF, &#20447; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FDF |
| ← 俞 [U+4FDE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 俠 → [U+4FE0] |

## Translingual
### Han character

俟 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人戈人大 (OIOK), four-corner 2323$_4$, composition ⿰亻矣)

#### Derived characters

* 𬾴, 𢰇, 𢉡

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 105, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 705
* Dae Jaweon: page 223, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 168, character 3
* Unihan data for U+4FDF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 俟
* Small seal scripts05703Transcribed ancient scriptsL13820L13821L13818L13819
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 唉 | *qʰlɯː, *qɯː, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ |
| 埃 | *qlɯː |
| 欸 | *qɯː, *qʰrɯːs |
| 娭 | *qɯː, *qʰlɯ |
| 挨 | *qlɯːʔ, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ |
| 騃 | *ŋrɯːʔ, *sɢrɯʔ |
| 俟 | *sɢrɯʔ, *ɡlɯl |
| 竢 | *sɢrɯʔ |
| 涘 | *sɢrɯʔ |
| 誒 | *qʰlɯ |
| 矣 | *ɢlɯʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sɢrɯʔ, *ɡlɯl): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 矣 (OC *ɢlɯʔ).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sì (si$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^6$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): so$^5$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sū
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sì
*** Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^4$
*** Yale: sz̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
*** Palladius: сы (sy)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$
*** Yale: jih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: so$^5$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seō
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬo²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: so$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬɵ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū
*** Tâi-lô: sū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: su
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /su²²/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit俟 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /sz̩⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /sz̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /sz̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /sz̩²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /sz̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /sz̩³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /sz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /sz̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /sz̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /sz̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /sz̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /sz̩³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /sz̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /sz̩²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /sz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /sz̩⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /sz̩⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | |
| Jin | Hohhot | /sz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zz̩²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zz̩³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /zz̩¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zz̩³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /sz̩²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /sz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /sz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sz̩⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡si²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /sz̩²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡si²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /su²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /søy²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /su³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /sɯ³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /si³⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: zriX
Rime :
| Character | 俟 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 俟 (22) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 牀史切 |
| Baxter | zriX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʒɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʐɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʒie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʐɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʒiə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʒĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɖ͡ʐʰi$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-[ɢ]rəʔ/, /*s.[ɢ]rəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sɢrɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 俟 | 俟 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sì | sì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zri$^X$ › | ‹ zri$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-[ɢ]rəʔ/ | /*s.[ɢ]rəʔ/ |
| English | wait | move on |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 俟 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 14944 |
| Phonetic component | 矣 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 俟 |
| Old Chinese | /*sɢrɯʔ/ |

#### Definitions

俟
* (historical dictionaries only) big
* (alt. form 竢, 䇃) (formal, literary) to wait
    Synonym: 待
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Rú qí lǐyuè, yǐ sì jūnzǐ. [Pinyin]
    As to teaching them the principles of propriety and music, I must wait for the rise of a superior man to do that.
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 俟俟
* 俟候
* 俟命
* 俟時 / 俟时
* 俟河之清
* 俟罪 (sìzuì)
* 修謹以俟 / 修谨以俟
* 夷俟
* 容俟
* 拭目以俟
* 河清難俟 / 河清难俟
* 計日而俟 / 计日而俟
* 韜光俟奮 / 韬光俟奋

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qí (qi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kei$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kî
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qí
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cí
*** Wade–Giles: chʻi$^2$
*** Yale: chí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyi
*** Palladius: ци (ci)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kei$^4$
*** Yale: kèih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kei$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kéi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰei̯²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gi$^2$
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gí
*** Sinological IPA : /ki¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kî
*** Tâi-lô: kî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kii
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ki²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ki²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ki²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki²³/
* Middle Chinese: gj+j
Rime :
| Character | 俟 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 微 (20) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠希切 |
| Baxter | gj+j |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡɨi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiəi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gɨj/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiəi/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭəi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ge̯i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kei$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡlɯl/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 俟 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 14951 |
| Phonetic component | 矣 |
| Rime group | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 祈 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡlɯl/ |
| Notes | 万俟 |

#### Definitions

俟
* Only used in 万俟 (Mòqí).

### References

* “俟”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “俟”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 181.
* 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “俟”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00159

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: じ (ji)
* Kan-on: し (shi)
* Kun: まつ (matsu, 俟つ)

## Korean
### Hanja

俟 • (sa, gi) (hangeul 사, 기, revised sa, gi, McCune–Reischauer sa, ki)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.