# 膊

| 膊 | U+818A, &#33162; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-818A |
| ← 膉 [U+8189] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 膋 → [U+818B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

膊 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 月戈月戈 (BIBI), four-corner 7324$_2$, composition ⿰月尃)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 991, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29782
* Dae Jaweon: page 1443, character 29
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2101, character 3
* Unihan data for U+818A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 豧 | *pʰoːs, *pʰa, *pʰas |
| 縛 | *baːɡs, *baɡ |
| 逋 | *paː |
| 餔 | *paː, *baːs |
| 晡 | *paː |
| 庯 | *paː |
| 陠 | *paː, *pʰaː |
| 鵏 | *paː, *baːs |
| 峬 | *paː |
| 誧 | *paː, *pʰaː, *pʰaːʔ, *pʰaːs |
| 秿 | *paː, *pʰa, *baʔ |
| 鯆 | *paː, *pʰaː, *paʔ |
| 補 | *paːʔ |
| 圃 | *paːʔ, *paːs |
| 鋪 | *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa |
| 痡 | *pʰaː, *pʰa |
| 浦 | *pʰaːʔ |
| 烳 | *pʰaːʔ |
| 溥 | *pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ |
| 悑 | *pʰaːs |
| 酺 | *baː |
| 匍 | *baː |
| 蜅 | *baː, *paʔ |
| 脯 | *baː, *paʔ |
| 葡 | *baː |
| 蒱 | *baː |
| 蒲 | *baː |
| 簿 | *baːʔ, *baːɡ |
| 捕 | *baːs |
| 哺 | *baːs |
| 簠 | *pa, *paʔ, *pʰas |
| 甫 | *paʔ |
| 黼 | *paʔ |
| 莆 | *paʔ |
| 俌 | *paʔ, *pʰaʔ |
| 郙 | *paʔ, *pʰa |
| 傅 | *paɡs |
| 搏 | *paɡs, *paːɡ, *pʰaːɡ |
| 麱 | *pʰa |
| 尃 | *pʰa |
| 榑 | *ba |
| 輔 | *baʔ |
| 鬴 | *baʔ |
| 賻 | *baɡs |
| 博 | *paːɡ |
| 髆 | *paːɡ |
| 鎛 | *paːɡ |
| 猼 | *paːɡ |
| 餺 | *paːɡ |
| 簙 | *paːɡ |
| 鑮 | *paːɡ, *baːɡ |
| 欂 | *paːɡ, *baɡ, *breːɡ |
| 蒪 | *pʰaːɡ |
| 膊 | *pʰaːɡ |
| 薄 | *baːɡ |
| 礡 | *baːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰaːɡ): semantic 肉 (“body”) + phonetic 尃 (OC *pʰa).

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p(r)ak ~ *r-pak (“shoulder”). Cognate with 髆 (OC *paːɡ, “shoulder blade; shoulder”). Probably cognate with 膀 (bǎng, “upper arm; shoulder”) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bó (bo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bok$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): bok$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pok
    (Meixian, Guangdong): bog$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phok / pok
    (Teochew, Peng'im): pag$^4$ / bag$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$poq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bó
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bó
*** Wade–Giles: po$^2$
*** Yale: bwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
*** Palladius: бо (bo)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bok$^3$
*** Yale: bok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bog$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔːk̚³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: bok$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔk̚³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pok
*** Hakka Romanization System: bog$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bog$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /pok̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: bog$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /pɔk̚¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phok
*** Tâi-lô: phok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phog
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pok
*** Tâi-lô: pok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pog
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pɔk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: pag$^4$ / bag$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phak / pak
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰak̚²/, /pak̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$poq
*** MiniDict: poh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$poq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /poʔ⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

膊
* arm; upper arm
* (dialectal) shoulder
* (by extension) upper body
    赤膊 ― chìbó ― to strip to the waist

#### Compounds

* 打赤膊 (dǎ chìbó)
* 捋胳膊
* 搭膊
* 肐膊
* 肐膊肘子
* 肐膊腕子
* 肩膊 (jiānbó)
* 脈膊 / 脉膊
* 胳膊 (gēbo)
* 脫膊 / 脱膊
* 腷腷膊膊
* 腷膊
* 膊肩
* 膊頭 / 膊头 (bok3 tau4)
* 膊風板 / 膊风板
* 臂膊 (bìbó)
* 袒膊
* 褪膊
* 褡膊
* 赤膊 (chìbó)
* 跨胳膊

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-pak (“to separate; to dismantle; to collapse”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pò, bó (po$^4$, bo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛˋ, ㄅㄛˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pò
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pò
*** Wade–Giles: pʻo$^4$
*** Yale: pwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: poh
*** Palladius: по (po)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bó
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bó
*** Wade–Giles: po$^2$
*** Yale: bwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
*** Palladius: бо (bo)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: phak
Rime :
| Character | 膊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 鐸 (104) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 匹各切 |
| Baxter | phak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰwɑk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰʷɑk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰuɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰwak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰuɑk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰuɑk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰwɑk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | po |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pok$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰˤak/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 膊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | pò |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ phak › |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰˁak/ |
| English | dismember |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 膊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3485 |
| Phonetic component | 甫 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𩔈 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰaːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

膊
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to dismember
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) sun-dried meat that is cut up

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bó (bo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bó
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bó
*** Wade–Giles: po$^2$
*** Yale: bwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
*** Palladius: бо (bo)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu̯ɔ³⁵/

#### Definitions

膊
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 脖 (bó, “neck”)

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liè (lie$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄝˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liè
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liè
*** Wade–Giles: lieh$^4$
*** Yale: lyè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lieh
*** Palladius: ле (le)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

膊
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) boundary; border

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bó (bo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bó
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bó
*** Wade–Giles: po$^2$
*** Yale: bwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
*** Palladius: бо (bo)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu̯ɔ³⁵/

#### Definitions

膊
* (historical dictionaries only) elder brother

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): はく (haku)、れつ (retsu)、はい (hai)
* Kun: ほじし (hojishi)、あばく (abaku)、さかい (sakai)

## Korean
### Hanja

膊 • (bak) (hangeul 박, revised bak, McCune–Reischauer pak, Yale pak)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.