# 廷

| 廷 | U+5EF7, &#24311; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EF7 |
| ← 延 [U+5EF6] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 廸 → [U+5EF8] |

## Translingual
### Han character

廷 (Kangxi radical 54, 廴+4, 6 strokes in Chinese, 7 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 弓大竹土 (NKHG), four-corner 1240$_1$, composition ⿺廴𡈼)

#### Derived terms

* 侹, 𡋺, 娗, 挺, 涏, 㹶, 梃, 烶, 珽, 脡, 𥆑, 𥏎, 䅍, 綎(𬘩), 𦐿, 艇, 蜓, 誔(诞), 𨉈, 𣉡, 鋌(铤), 䩠, 䯕, 䱓(𬶓), 𪊶, 鼮
* 𰄰, 𢽄, 頲(颋), 𫳋, 莛, 𥥶, 筳, 霆, 𠩢, 庭, 閮, 𠋽

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 353, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9571
* Dae Jaweon: page 667, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 403, character 11
* Unihan data for U+5EF7

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 廷 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 蜓 | *l'eːnʔ, *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ |
| 涏 | *l'eːns, *l'eːŋʔ |
| 綎 | *l̥ʰeːŋ, *l'eːŋ |
| 珽 | *l̥ʰeːŋʔ |
| 脡 | *l̥ʰeːŋʔ |
| 侹 | *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *l̥ʰeːŋs |
| 頲 | *l'eːŋʔ |
| 廷 | *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ |
| 庭 | *l'eːŋ |
| 鼮 | *l'eːŋ |
| 莛 | *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ |
| 筳 | *l'eːŋ |
| 霆 | *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ |
| 娗 | *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ |
| 挺 | *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ |
| 艇 | *l'eːŋʔ |
| 鋌 | *l'eːŋʔ |
| 梃 | *l'eːŋʔ |
| 誔 | *l'eːŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'eːŋ, *l'eːŋʔ): semantic 廴 + phonetic 𡈼 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋʔ).
The phonetic 𡈼 is itself an ideogrammic compound, depicting a person standing on soil, and is also the ancient form of 徵／征 (“to convene, to assemble”), signifying a place where people stand in assembly — a court.

### Etymology

From 聽 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋ, *l̥ʰeːŋs, “to hear”), i.e. “where hearings take place”. Related to 廳 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋ, “hall”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tíng (ting$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ting$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thìn
    (Hailu, HRS): tin
    (Meixian, Guangdong): tin$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dìng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): deng$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): têng / thêng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): têng$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$din
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tíng
*** Wade–Giles: tʻing$^2$
*** Yale: tíng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyng
*** Palladius: тин (tin)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ting$^4$
*** Yale: tìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ting$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ting$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɪŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: tin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰin¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: tin
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰin⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: tin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰin¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dìng
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: deng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: têng
*** Tâi-lô: tîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: deeng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /tiɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ²³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thêng
*** Tâi-lô: thîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: teeng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɪŋ¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: têng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thêng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰeŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$din
*** MiniDict: din$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$din
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /din²³/
* Middle Chinese: deng, dengH
Rime :
| Character | 廷 | 廷 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | IV |
| Fanqie | 特丁切 | 徒徑切 |
| Baxter | deng | dengH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /deŋ/ | /deŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /deŋ/ | /deŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɛŋ/ | /dɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dɛjŋ/ | /dɛjŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /deŋ/ | /deŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /dieŋ/ | /dieŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱieŋ/ | /dʱieŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tíng | dìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ting$^4$ | ding$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤeŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'eːŋ/, /*l'eːŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 廷 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tíng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ deng › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁeŋ/ |
| English | courtyard |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 廷 | 廷 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 12420 | 12440 |
| Phonetic component | 廷 | 廷 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 庭 | 定 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'eːŋ/ | /*l'eːŋʔ/ |
| Notes | 金文象人立在旁有掩蔽但露天不蔽雨點陽光之地 | |

### Definitions

廷
* (historical) palace courtyard; court of a feudal lord
* (historical) government; governmental office
    朝廷 ― cháotíng ― the imperial government
    清廷 ― Qīngtíng ― the Qing government
    英廷 ― Yīngtíng ― (dated or Hong Kong) the British government
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 庭 (tíng, “courtyard”)

### Compounds

* 二朝廷
* 內廷 / 内廷
* 宮廷 / 宫廷 (gōngtíng)
* 小朝廷
* 廟廷 / 庙廷
* 廷尉 (tíngwèi)
* 廷對 / 廷对
* 廷年
* 廷掾
* 廷杖 (tíngzhàng)
* 廷爭面折 / 廷争面折
* 廷試 / 廷试
* 廷諍 / 廷诤
* 廷辱
* 廷魁
* 徑廷 / 径廷 (jìngtíng)
* 教廷 (jiàotíng)
* 朝廷 (cháotíng)
* 清廷 (qīngtíng)
* 銓廷 / 铨廷
* 阿根廷 (Āgēntíng)
* 面折廷爭 / 面折廷争

### Descendants

* → Tibetan: ཐིང (thing, “government department or office at the provincial level”)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* judicial or royal court
* imperial court
* government bureau or department

#### Readings

* Go-on: じょう (jō)
* Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
* Kun: にわ (niwa, 廷)

## Korean
### Hanja

廷 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng)
* (조정 정) royal court, in the capital. See also: 朝廷.
* (마을 정) rural court, in the village.

#### See also

* 庭
* 廳
* 朝

## Vietnamese
### Han character

廷: Hán Nôm readings: đình
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.