# 稚

| 稚 | U+7A1A, &#31258; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A1A |
| ← 稙 [U+7A19] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 稛 → [U+7A1B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

稚 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹木人土 (HDOG), four-corner 2091$_4$, composition ⿰禾隹)

#### Derived characters

* 𥣽, 䕌, 𱚪, 𥴢

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 855, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25120
* Dae Jaweon: page 1280, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2613, character 10
* Unihan data for U+7A1A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'ils): semantic 禾 (“rice”) + phonetic 屖 (OC *sliːl).
During the Han Dynasty, the 屖 component was commonly substituted with 隹 (zhuī).

### Etymology

Related to 遲 (OC *l'il, “slow; late”) (Liu, 1999; Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhì (zhi$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zi$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ci$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̀ / chṳ̂ / chhṳ̂
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ci$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zi$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): cĭ
* Eastern Min (BUC): dê
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tī
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zin$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zy
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): chr$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhì
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhìh
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^4$
*** Yale: jr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyh
*** Palladius: чжи (čži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zi$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$
*** Yale: jih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ci$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̀ / chṳ̂ / chhṳ̂
*** Hakka Romanization System: cii$^ˇ$ / zii$^ˊ$ / cii$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ci$^2$ / zi$^1$ / ci$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ¹¹/, /t͡sɨ²⁴/, /t͡sʰɨ²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂ / chhṳ̂
*** Hakka Romanization System: zii$^ˊ$ / cii$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zi$^1$ / ci$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ²⁴/, /t͡sʰɨ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ci$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dê
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛi²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tī
*** Tâi-lô: tī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: di
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ti³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ti⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ti²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zin$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsíⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sĩ⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zy
*** MiniDict: zy$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: chr$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁵/
* Middle Chinese: drijH
Rime :
| Character | 稚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (17) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 直利切 |
| Baxter | drijH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖˠiɪ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖᵚi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiɪ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖji$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡji$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lrəj-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'ils/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 稚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ drij$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*lrəj-s/ |
| English | young |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 稚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17388 |
| Phonetic component | 稚 |
| Rime group | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 緻 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'ils/ |
| Notes | 說文作稺，此疑雉省聲 |

### Definitions

稚
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) immature grain
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) young; infantile; immature
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) child; infant

### Compounds

* 丁稚
* 乳稚
* 二稚
* 兒稚 / 儿稚
* 土稚
* 嬌稚 / 娇稚
* 嬰稚 / 婴稚
* 孥稚
* 孤稚
* 孩稚
* 幼稚 (yòuzhì)
* 幼稚園 / 幼稚园 (yòuzhìyuán)
* 幼稚園病 / 幼稚园病
* 幼稚教育
* 幼稚病 (yòuzhìbìng)
* 後稚 / 后稚
* 悼稚
* 撫稚 / 抚稚
* 敬老慈稚
* 柔稚
* 樹稚 / 树稚
* 淺稚 / 浅稚
* 狂稚
* 田稚
* 盍稚
* 稚乳
* 稚交
* 稚俗
* 稚免
* 稚兒 / 稚儿
* 稚夢 / 稚梦
* 稚女
* 稚妻
* 稚嫩 (zhìnèn)
* 稚子
* 稚子術 / 稚子术
* 稚孫 / 稚孙
* 稚孺
* 稚小
* 稚川
* 稚年
* 稚幼
* 稚弟
* 稚弱 (zhìruò)
* 稚態 / 稚态
* 稚拙 (zhìzhuō)
* 稚昧
* 稚杉
* 稚松
* 稚柏
* 稚桑
* 稚根
* 稚榻
* 稚歲 / 稚岁
* 稚氣 / 稚气 (zhìqì)
* 稚水
* 稚犬
* 稚秀
* 稚秋
* 稚稼
* 稚童
* 稚竹
* 稚筍 / 稚笋
* 稚筆 / 稚笔
* 稚節 / 稚节
* 稚綠 / 稚绿
* 稚老
* 稚耋
* 稚艾
* 稚荷
* 稚蕊
* 稚藐
* 稚蜂
* 稚語 / 稚语
* 稚豔 / 稚艳
* 稚質 / 稚质
* 稚酒
* 稚錢 / 稚钱
* 稚顏 / 稚颜
* 稚齒 / 稚齿
* 稚齡 / 稚龄 (zhìlíng)
* 稚龍 / 稚龙
* 童稚 (tóngzhì)
* 老稚
* 耄安稚嬉
* 蒙稚
* 貧稚 / 贫稚
* 遺稚 / 遗稚
* 野稚
* 閹稚 / 阉稚
* 雛稚 / 雏稚
* 鞠稚
* 韶稚
* 韶顏稚齒 / 韶颜稚齿
* 養稚 / 养稚
* 騃稚 / 𫘤稚
* 驕稚 / 骄稚
* 髦稚
* 髫稚
* 鮐稚 / 鲐稚
* 齒稚 / 齿稚
* 齠年稚齒 / 龆年稚齿
* 齠稚 / 龆稚

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* immature
* young

#### Readings

* Go-on: じ (ji)
* Kan-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
* Kun: おさない (osanai)、わかい (wakai, 稚い)、いとけない (itokenai, 稚い)

#### Compounds

* 稚鮎(ちあゆ) (chiayu)
* 稚気(ちき) (chiki)
* 稚魚(ちぎょ) (chigyo)
* 稚児(ちご) (chigo)
* 稚子(ちし) (chishi)
* 稚拙(ちせつ) (chisetsu)
* 稚嫩(ちどん) (chidon): youth and tenderness
* 丁稚(でっち) (detchi)
* 丁稚奉公(でっちぼうこう) (detchibōkō)
* 幼稚(ようち) (yōchi): infantility
* 幼稚園(ようちえん) (yōchien): kindergarten
* 稚鰤(わかさ) (wakasa)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 稚 (MC drijH). Recorded as Middle Korean 티〯 (thǐ) (Yale: thi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 稚 (eumhun 어릴 치 (eoril chi))
* hanja form of 치 (“infantile”)

#### Compounds

* 유치 (幼稚, yuchi)
* 유치원 (幼稚園, yuchiwon)
* 치기 (稚氣, chigi)
* 치수 (稚樹, chisu)
* 치어 (稚漁, chieo)
* 치졸 (稚拙, chijol)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.