# io
## Translingual
### Etymology

Abbreviation of English and Ido Ido

### Symbol

io
* (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Ido.

## English
### Etymology 1

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek Ἰώ (Iṓ, “Io”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaɪəʊ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪəʊ

#### Noun

io (plural ios)
* A type of moth, the io moth.
** 1936, Paul Griswold Howes, Hand book for the curious:These lines appear to serve as roadways or guides to any stragglers that may have hung back for some reason known only to an io.

### Etymology 2

From Latin iō; compare Ancient Greek ἰώ (iṓ, “oh!”).

#### Interjection

io
* (rare) An exclamation of joy or triumph.
** 1913, Crowley, Aleister, “Hymn To Pan”, in Book 4‎, University of California Libraries, Magick in Theory and Practice:Do as thou wilt, as a great god can, O Pan! Io Pan! Io Pan! Io Pan Pan! I am awake In the grip of the snake.

### Anagrams

* -oi, OI, Oi, oi, oi!

## Aromanian
### Pronoun

io
* Alternative form of iou (“I”)

## Chuukese
### Pronoun

io
* who

## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* iö

### Etymology

From Latin io, from Ancient Greek ἰώ (iṓ). Doublet of jo.

### Interjection

io
* (dated) io (exclamation of triumph)

### Further reading

* Matthias de Vries, Lambert Allard te Winkel (1864) “io”, in Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal, published 2001

## Esperanto
### Etymology

From i- (indeterminate correlative prefix) +‎ -o (correlative suffix of objects).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈio]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -io
* Hyphenation: i‧o

### Pronoun

io (accusative ion)
* something (indeterminate correlative of objects)

#### Usage notes

* The plural forms ioj and iojn are nonstandard and rare.

#### Derived terms

* io ajn (“anything”)

### See also
## Interlingua
### Etymology

Probably borrowed from Italian io.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈi.o/

### Pronoun

io
* I
    Io te ama.I love you.

## Istro-Romanian
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

### Pronoun

io (first-person singular, plural noi)
* I

#### Declension

| nominative | nominative | io |
| accusative | stressed | mire |
| accusative | unstressed | me (m') |
| dative | stressed | mi |
| dative | unstressed | âm |
| genitive | masc. sg. | meu/mev |
| genitive | fem. sg. | me |
| genitive | masc. pl. | meľ |
| genitive | fem. pl. | mele |

## Italian
### Alternative forms

* eo (archaic)
* jo (obsolete)

### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈi.o/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -io
* Hyphenation: ì‧o

### Pronoun

io (personal, first person, possessive mio)
* I (the first-person singular nominative pronoun)

#### Usage notes

* Italian being a pro-drop language, subject pronouns are mostly omitted, both in the written and spoken language, as the inflected verb is conjugated by person. An example would be: Mangio una mela, which is much more common than Io mangio una mela, where the subject can be inferred from the inflected form mangio; similarly È carina instead of Lei è carina. The explicit usage of personal pronouns may sound redundant to a native speaker, except when it is used in order to emphasize the subject. (Io mangio una mela could be interpreted as I am eating an apple and you are not).

#### Descendants

* → Interlingua: io

### See also

| Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Combined | Disjunctive | Locative | Partitive |
| Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | mi, m', -mi | mi, m', -mi | me | me | — | — |
| Singular | second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | ti, t', -ti | ti, t', -ti | te | te | — | — |
| Singular | third | m | lui | si$^2$, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | glie, se$^2$ | lui, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| Singular | third | f | lei, Lei$^1$ | si$^2$, s', -si | la, La$^1$, l', L'$^1$, -la, -La$^1$ | le$^3$, Le$^1$, -le$^3$, -Le$^1$ | glie, se$^2$ | lei, Lei$^1$, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | ci, c', -ci | ci, c', -ci | ce | noi | — | — |
| Plural | second | — | voi, Voi$^4$ | vi, Vi$^4$, v', V'$^4$, -vi, -Vi$^4$ | vi, Vi$^4$, v', V'$^4$, -vi, -Vi$^4$ | vi, Vi$^4$, v', V'$^4$, -vi, -Vi$^4$ | ve | voi, Voi$^4$ | — | — |
| Plural | third | m | loro, Loro$^1$ | si, s', -si | li, Li$^1$, -li, -Li$^1$ | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro$^1$ | glie, se | loro, Loro$^1$, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| Plural | third | f | loro, Loro$^1$ | si, s', -si | le, Le$^1$, -le, -Le$^1$ | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro$^1$ | glie, se | loro, Loro$^1$, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| $^1$ | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. |
| $^2$ | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. |
| $^3$ | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. |
| $^4$ | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). |

## Japanese
### Romanization

io
* Rōmaji transcription of いお

## Ladino
### Pronoun

io (Hebrew spelling ייו)
* (Romania) Alternative spelling of yo
** 1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel, Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur‎, Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita, →OCLC, page 10:Delantre de ti io mi orgolio abato I mi corason lo razgo con kevranto¹)I suppress my pride before you, and my heart tears it with despair.

## Latin
### Etymology

Echoic; compare Greek ἰώ (iṓ), or English yo.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈi.oː/, [ˈioː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈi.o/, [ˈiːo]

### Interjection

iō
* an exclamation of joy: hurray, hurrah, yay
* an exclamation of pain: oh, ah, alas
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.447–448:illa quidem clāmābat ‘iō, cārissima māter, auferor!’Indeed, she was crying out, “Oh! mother dearest – I am being taken away!” (See Persephone. The full context implies a cry of anguish as well as a plea for help from Persephone's mother, Ceres. The alternative ‘‘Help!’’ calls for an imperative such as ‘‘ferte auxilium!’’.)
* an exclamation for getting attention: hey, oi, look, quick

### References

* “io”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “io”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* io in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “io”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
* “io”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “io”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

## Macanese
### Etymology

Compare Kristang yo.

### Pronoun

io
* Alternative form of iou: I, me
    io sam ― I am

## Maori
### Etymology

From ua from Proto-Polynesian *ua – see ua for more details.

### Noun

io (plural ioio)
* sinew; tendon
    Synonym: ua
* muscle
    Synonym: ua
* vein
    Synonym: ua
* strand of rope
* lock of hair
    Synonym: makawe
* warp, lengthwise weaving threads

#### Derived terms

* ioio
* koio
* whakaio

### References

* Williams, Herbert William (1917) “io”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, pages 90-1
* “io” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

## Megleno-Romanian
### Alternative forms

* i̯o

### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

### Pronoun

io
* I

## Neapolitan
### Alternative forms

* ijo, je
* ieo, j', i'

### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin eo, from Classical Latin egō̆.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈi/, /ˈiə/, /ˈjə/

### Pronoun

io
* I (the first-person singular nominative pronoun)

#### Coordinate terms

| Number | Person | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Reflexive | Possessive | Prepositional |
| singular | first-person | io (i') | me | me | me | mìo, mìa, mieje, meje | me, méne |
| singular | second-person, familiar | tu | te | te | te | tùjo, tòja, tùoje, tòje | te, téne |
| singular | second-person, formal | vuje | ve | ve | ve | vuósto, vósta, vuóste, vóste | vuje |
| singular | third-person, masculine | ìsso | 'o, 'u (lo, lu) | 'i, 'e (li, le) | se | sùjo, sòja, sùoje, sòje | ìsso |
| singular | third-person, feminine | éssa | 'a (la) | 'e (le) | se | sùjo, sòja, sùoje, sòje | éssa |
| plural | first-person | nuje | ce | ce | ce | nuósto, nòsta, nuóste, nòste | nuje |
| plural | second-person, plural | vuje | ve | ve | ve | vuósto, vòsta, vuóste, vòste | vuje |
| plural | third-person, masculine | ìsse | 'i, 'e (li, le) | llòro | se | llòro (invariable) | llòro |
| plural | third-person, feminine | llòro | 'e (le) | llòro | se | llòro (invariable) | llòro |

### References

* AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 1638: “volete che ci vada io” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it

## Old Dutch
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *aiw.

### Adverb

io
* always, every time, continuously
** 1981, Arend Quak, chapter 1, in Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen. Nach den Handschriften und Erstdrucken neu herausgegeben. [The Old Middle and Old Lower Franconian Psalms and Glosses. Republished after the manuscripts and original publications.] (Amsterdamer Publikationen zur Sprache und Literatur; 47)‎, Amsterdam: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 69:Duncla uuerthin ougon iro that sia ne gesian in rukgi iro io an crumbe.May their eyes be blinded so they (can) not see, and may their back keep getting bent!
** 1981, Arend Quak, chapter 1, in Die altmittel- und altniederfränkischen Psalmen und Glossen. Nach den Handschriften und Erstdrucken neu herausgegeben. [The Old Middle and Old Lower Franconian Psalms and Glosses. Republished after the manuscripts and original publications.] (Amsterdamer Publikationen zur Sprache und Literatur; 47)‎, Amsterdam: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 71:An thi sang min io.For you is always my song.
* ever, at some point, sometime
** 1971, Willy Sanders, editor, (Expositio) Willerammi Eberspergensis abbatis in canticis canticorum. Die Leidener Handschrift. (Kleine deutsche Prosadenkmäler des Mittelalters; 9)‎ (overall work in Latin and Old High German), München: Wilhelm Fink, page 52:So wer ouch thurgh godes willan thiro wereld arbeyde muothe, wie magh her ie ze meeron ruowan cuman, thanne thaz her uollecume 'ad fontem totius boni'?And whoever by God's will is tired by the burdens of the world, how can he ever attain peace better than that he reaches the source of all good?

#### Alternative forms

* ie

### Further reading

* “ie”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *aiw, whence also Old English ā, Old Saxon eo, Old Norse ei, Old Dutch ēwa, io.

### Adverb

io
* always

#### Descendants

* >? German: je

## Romanian
### Adverb

io
* Obsolete form of iuo.

### References

* io in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

## West Makian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈi.o/

### Verb

io
* (transitive) to marry

#### Conjugation
### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

## Yoruba
### Alternative forms

* owó
* oghó, eghó

### Etymology

Cognate with Nupe ewó, Edo ígho, Urhobo ígho

### Pronunciation

IPA: /īó/, /ī.ɣó/

### Noun

ió
* (Ekiti) money, cowry
    Synonym: eó

#### Derived terms

* ió-orí (“tax, brideprice”)
* ọlíó (“rich person”)