# 偵

| 偵 | U+5075, &#20597; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5075 |
| ← 側 [U+5074] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 偶 → [U+5076] |

## Translingual
### Han character

偵 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人卜月金 (OYBC), four-corner 2128$_6$, composition ⿰亻貞)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 111, character 35
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 898
* Dae Jaweon: page 238, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 189, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5075

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 偵
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
* Small seal scripts05927
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 偵 | *rtaːŋs, *tʰeŋ, *tʰeŋs |
| 幀 | *rtɯːŋs |
| 湞 | *rdeːŋ, *teŋ |
| 貞 | *teŋ |
| 楨 | *teŋ |
| 禎 | *teŋ |
| 赬 | *tʰeŋ |
| 遉 | *tʰeŋs |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhēn, zhēng (zhen$^1$, zheng$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ, ㄓㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zing$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): cheng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhen
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^1$
*** Yale: jēn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jen
*** Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
*** Wade–Giles: chêng$^1$
*** Yale: jēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
*** Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^1$
*** Yale: jīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
*** Tâi-lô: tsing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡siɪŋ³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zêng$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seŋ³³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit偵 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂən⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂən²¹/ /t͡sən²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tʃəŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂẽ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʈ͡ʂə̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂə̃n³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sən⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sən⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sen⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂə̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂən³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂən²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡səŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂəŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sə̃ŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡səŋ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡sən⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sen³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡seŋ³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕiʌ̃³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂən³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂən³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɨn⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sən⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʃen²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡seŋ⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡seŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡siŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /teiŋ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡seŋ³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡seŋ²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: trhjeng, traengH, trhjengH
Rime :
| Character | 偵 | 偵 | 偵 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 徹 (10) | 知 (9) | 徹 (10) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) | 庚 (109) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II | III |
| Fanqie | 丑貞切 | 猪孟切 | 丑鄭切 |
| Baxter | trhjeng | traengH | trhjengH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈʰiᴇŋ/ | /ʈˠæŋ$^H$/ | /ʈʰiᴇŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈʰiɛŋ/ | /ʈᵚaŋ$^H$/ | /ʈʰiɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶʰiæŋ/ | /ȶaŋ$^H$/ | /ȶʰiæŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈʰiajŋ/ | /ʈaɨjŋ$^H$/ | /ʈʰiajŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶʰiɛŋ/ | /ȶɐŋ$^H$/ | /ȶʰiɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶʰĭɛŋ/ | /ȶɐŋ$^H$/ | /ȶʰĭɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶʰi̯ɛŋ/ | /ȶɐŋ$^H$/ | /ȶʰi̯ɛŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chēng | zhèng | chèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cing$^1$ | zang$^3$ | cing$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*rtaːŋs/, /*tʰeŋ/, /*tʰeŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 偵 | 偵 | 偵 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 17024 | 17031 | 17034 |
| Phonetic component | 貞 | 貞 | 貞 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 倀 | 檉 | 遉 |
| Old Chinese | /*rtaːŋs/ | /*tʰeŋ/ | /*tʰeŋs/ |

### Definitions

偵
* to spy, reconnoiter
* detective
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 貞 / 贞 (zhēn, “divination”)

### Compounds

* 偵伺 / 侦伺 (zhēnsì)
* 偵察 / 侦察 (zhēnchá)
* 偵察兵 / 侦察兵 (zhēnchábīng)
* 偵察機 / 侦察机 (zhēnchájī)
* 偵察衛星 / 侦察卫星
* 偵探 / 侦探 (zhēntàn)
* 偵探小說 / 侦探小说
* 偵望 / 侦望
* 偵查 / 侦查 (zhēnchá)
* 偵查終結 / 侦查终结
* 偵測 / 侦测 (zhēncè)
* 偵破 / 侦破 (zhēnpò)
* 偵緝 / 侦缉 (zhēnjī)
* 偵緝隊 / 侦缉队
* 偵聽 / 侦听
* 偵訊 / 侦讯 (zhēnxùn)
* 偵訊筆錄 / 侦讯笔录
* 偵辦 / 侦办 (zhēnbàn)
* 偵錯 / 侦错
* 偵防 / 侦防
* 偵騎 / 侦骑
* 海上偵察 / 海上侦察

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* investigation, spy, detective

#### Readings

* Go-on: ちょう (chō)
* Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
* Kun: うかがう (ukagau, 偵う)

#### Compounds

* 偵察
* 偵知
* 探偵
* 内偵
* 密偵

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 偵 (MC trhjeng|traengH|trhjengH).

### Hanja

Wikisource 偵 (eumhun 염탐할 정 (yeomtamhal jeong))
* hanja form of 정 (“investigation; spy”)

#### Compounds

* 밀정 (密偵, miljeong)
* 정객 (偵客, jeonggaek)
* 정라 (偵邏, jeongna)
* 정찰 (偵察, jeongchal)
* 정탐 (偵探, jeongtam)
* 탐정 (探偵, tamjeong)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

偵: Hán Nôm readings: trinh, rình, triệng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.