# 孺

| 孺 | U+5B7A, &#23418; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B7A |
| ← 孹 [U+5B79] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 孻 → [U+5B7B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

孺 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓木一月月 (NDMBB), four-corner 1142$_7$, composition ⿰子需)
* child
* blood relation
* affection

#### Derived characters

* 𧃨

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 281, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7042
* Dae Jaweon: page 551, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1020, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5B7A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 羺 | *noː |
| 獳 | *noː |
| 擩 | *noːs, *njoʔ, *njos, *njul, *njod |
| 譳 | *noːs |
| 懦 | *noːls, *njo |
| 糯 | *noːls |
| 需 | *sno |
| 繻 | *sno, *njo |
| 鑐 | *sno |
| 儒 | *njo |
| 濡 | *njo, *noːn |
| 襦 | *njo |
| 嚅 | *njo |
| 顬 | *njo |
| 鱬 | *njo |
| 嬬 | *njo |
| 臑 | *njo |
| 醹 | *njo, *njoʔ |
| 蠕 | *njo |
| 孺 | *njos |

### Etymology

Probably cognate with 柔 (OC *mlju, “soft”), see there for more (STEDT).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): rú (ru$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu$^4$ / jyu$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yì
* Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̀
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zy$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lû / jû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ru$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rú
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rú
*** Wade–Giles: ju$^2$
*** Yale: rú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ru
*** Palladius: жу (žu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^4$ / jyu$^6$
*** Yale: yùh / yuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^4$ / jy$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^4$ / yu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²¹/, /jyː²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
*** Hakka Romanization System: i$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)i$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zy$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sy¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lû
*** Tâi-lô: lû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: luu
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /lu²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jû
*** Tâi-lô: jû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: juu
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zu¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ru$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jû
*** Sinological IPA : /d͡zu⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: nyuH
Rime :
| Character | 孺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 而遇切 |
| Baxter | nyuH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵɨo$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵio$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑio$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵuə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵio$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | rù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*no-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*njos/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 孺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | rù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyu$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*no-s/ |
| English | child |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 孺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13983 |
| Phonetic component | 需 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 孺 |
| Old Chinese | /*njos/ |

### Definitions

孺
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) young and small
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) young child

### Compounds

* 大孺人
* 婦孺 / 妇孺 (fùrú)
* 婦孺皆知 / 妇孺皆知 (fùrújiēzhī)
* 孺人
* 孺子 (rúzǐ)
* 孺子可教 (rúzǐkějiào)
* 孺子嬰 / 孺子婴
* 孺子牛 (rúzǐniú)
* 孺慕
* 孺齒 / 孺齿
* 黃口孺子 / 黄口孺子

### References

* “孺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): じゅ (ju)
* Kun: ちのみご (chinomigo)、おさない (osanai)

## Korean
### Hanja

孺 (eum 유 (yu))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

孺: Hán Nôm readings: nhọ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.