OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# wannarexic
## English
### Etymology

Blend of wannabe +‎ anorexic

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

wannarexic (plural wannarexics)
* (derogatory, slang) One who does not have the eating disorder anorexia nervosa, but wishes to.
** 2007 August 4, Valerie Bauman, “'Wannarexic' girls yearn for eating disorders”, in AP/USA Today‎:While some experts say these girls likely have body image issues or could develop a more serious eating disorder, wannarexics usually range between healthy and overweight.
** 2007 September 8, Deborah Cohen, “Worrying world of eating disorder wannabes”, in BMJ, volume 335, number 7618, →ISSN, →JSTOR, page 516:Wannarexics draw anger and derision from people with anorexia and bulimia.
** 2013 November 14, Kelsey Osgood, How to Disappear Completely: On Modern Anorexia, New York: Overlook Press, →ISBN, →OL:When one trolls it becomes clear that wannarexics are a much-maligned population, and that many people, most notably diagnosed anorexics but others, too, characterize them as wholly superficial, flippant, vapid, and clearly more interested in having the reputation of being anorexic than in legitimately acquiring the disorder.

### See also

* pro-ana
* pro-mia
# lachrymator
## English
### Etymology

From lachrymate +‎ -or.

### Noun

lachrymator (plural lachrymators)
* Any substance that causes tears, such as tear gas.

#### Related terms

* lachrymatory
# pour honey in one's ear
## English
### Alternative forms

* pour honey into one's ear

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Phrase

pour honey in one's ear
* (idiomatic, informal) To tell someone something they want to hear.
** 2010, Maureen Lipman, “A Little Night-Night Music”, in I Must Collect Myself ...Choice Cuts from a Long Shelf Life, Simon & Schuster:I'm five yards away, and horribly jealous. He comes over and pours honey in my ear about how all those months back I said I couldn't play it and then I brought so much to it and I am faint from what I can't say.
** 2011, Doug Magee, Darkness All Around, Simon & Schuster, page 291:You knew you and I were perfect for each other. But he poured honey in your ear somewhere along the way and got you pregnant and then he started fucking up. And you know how that tore at me?
** 2016, Sarah J. Maas, A Court of Mist and Fury, Bloomsbury, page 335:Rhys snapped shut the lid. “So he plies you with jewels and pours honey in your ear, and now you feel bad?”
# หูก
## Thai
### Etymology

From Proto-Tai *trukᴰ (“loom”).
Cognate with Isan หูก, Lao ຫູກ (hūk), Northern Thai ᩉᩪᨠ (huuk²), Khün ᩉᩪᨠ, Lü ᦠᦳᧅᧈ (ḣuk¹), Shan ႁုၵ်ႇ (hùk), Tai Nüa ᥞᥧᥐᥴ (húk), Ahom 𑜍𑜤𑜀𑜫 (ruk), Zhuang rok, Nong Zhuang tuk.

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic/Phonemic | Orthographic/Phonemic | หูก h ū k |
| Romanization | Paiboon | hùuk |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | huk |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /huːk̚˨˩/ |

### Noun

หูก • (hùuk)
* loom (weaving machine).

#### Synonyms

* กี่ (gìi)

### References

* ↑ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai (Doctoral dissertation)‎, Department of Linguistics, Cornell University , page 340
# epiphora
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐπιφορά (epiphorá).

### Noun

epiphora (countable and uncountable, plural epiphoras)
* (rhetoric) epistrophe
    Antonym: anaphora
* (medicine) Excessive tear production usually a result from an irritation of the eye.
* (botany) Polystachya (a genus of orchids).
# Litwinka
## Polish
### Etymology

From Litwin +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /liˈtfin.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -inka
* Syllabification: Li‧twin‧ka

### Noun

Litwinka f (male equivalent Litwin)
* female equivalent of Litwin (“Lithuanian”) (person from Lithuania)
    Synonym: Litwaczka
* (historical) female equivalent of Litwin (“Litvin”) (person from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania)

#### Related terms

* litewski
* litwacki
* litewka
* litewskość
* litewszczyzna
* Litwa
* Litwaczka
* litwaczka
* litwak
* Litwak
* litwinizacja
* litwinizować impf
* zlitwinizować pf

### Further reading

* Litwinka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* Litwinka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ґречний
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Polish grzeczny, equivalent to к- (k-) +‎ річ (rič) +‎ -ний (-nyj). Doublet of доре́чний (doréčnyj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡrɛt͡ʃnei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

ґре́чний • (gréčnyj) (adverb ґре́чно, abstract noun ґре́чність)
* nice, polite, courteous

#### Derived terms

* ґре́чність (gréčnistʹ)
* ґре́чно (gréčno)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “ґречний”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “ґречний”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “ґречний”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# balbus
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *balb-, *balbal- (“tongue-tied”), of onomatopoeic origin. Cognate with Ancient Greek βαμβαίνω (bambaínō), βαμβαλύζω (bambalúzō, “I chatter with the teeth”), Russian болтать (boltatʹ, “to chatter, babble”), Lithuanian balbė́ti (“to talk, babble”), Sanskrit बल्बला (balbalā, “stammering”), Albanian belbët (“stammering”). See also bālō, blatiō, blaterō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈbal.bus/, [ˈbäɫ̪bʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈbal.bus/, [ˈbälbus]

### Adjective

balbus (feminine balba, neuter balbum); first/second-declension adjective
* stammering, stuttering
* lisping
* fumbling

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

#### Derived terms

* balbucinor
* balbūtiēs
* balbūtiō

#### Descendants

* Catalan: balb
* Galician: bouba
* → Old Irish: balb
** Irish: balbh
** Manx: balloo
** Scottish Gaelic: balbh
* Italian: balbo
* Portuguese: balbo
* Spanish: bobo
** Portuguese: bobo

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “balbus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 68

### Further reading

* “balbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “balbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "balbus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* balbus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “balbus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “balbus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
# osadzenie
## Polish
### Etymology

From osadzić +‎ -enie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ.saˈd͡zɛ.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛɲɛ
* Syllabification: o‧sa‧dze‧nie

### Noun

osadzenie n
* verbal noun of osadzić

#### Declension
### Further reading

* osadzenie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# билина
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic былина (bylina).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [beˈɫɪnɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

били́на • (bylýna) f inan (genitive били́ни, nominative plural били́ни, genitive plural били́н, diminutive били́нка)
* bylina
* Stem, stalk

#### Declension
### References

* “билина”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# 人類共通の敵
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 人 | 類 | 共 | 通 | 敵 |
| じん Grade: 1 | るい Grade: 4 | きょう Grade: 4 | つう Grade: 2 | てき Grade: 6 |
| kan'on | on'yomi | kan'on | goon | kan'on |
* Alternative spelling
* 人類共通の敵 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

Calque of Latin hostis hūmānī generis (“enemy of the human race”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡ʑĩn̺ɾɯ̟i kʲo̞ːt͡sɨː no̞ te̞kʲi]

### Noun

人(じん)類(るい)共(きょう)通(つう)の敵(てき) • (jinrui kyōtsū no teki)
* (international law) hostis humani generis
** 2009, Okano Masataka, “海賊取締りに関する国際的取り組み”, in 国際問題‎, number 583, page 34:
    海賊(かいぞく)は人類(じんるい)共通(きょうつう)の敵(てき)とされ、古(ふる)くから地中海(ちちゅうかい)、北欧(ほくおう)、カリブ海(かい)、東(ひがし)シナ海(かい)、東南(とうなん)アジア、アフリカをはじめ世界(せかい)各地(かくち)に存在(そんざい)してきた犯罪(はんざい)集団(しゅうだん)である。
       Kaizoku wa jinrui kyōtsū no teki tosare , furuku kara chichūkai , hokuō , karibukai , higashishina-kai , tōnan'ajia , afurika o hajime sekai kakuchi ni sonzai shite kita hanzai shūdan dearu .
       Pirates, considered to be hostis humani generis, are criminal groups that have existed since ancient times in many parts of the world, including the Mediterranean, Northern Europe, the Caribbean, East China Sea, Southeast Asia, and Africa.
# osądzić
## Polish
### Etymology

From o- +‎ sądzić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔˈsɔɲ.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔɲd͡ʑit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: o‧są‧dzić

### Verb

osądzić pf (imperfective osądzać)
* (transitive) to judge, to pass judgment on
* (transitive, law) to try a case or a defendant
* (reflexive with się) to judge oneself
* (reflexive with się) to judge each other

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* osądzić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* osądzić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# sehnen
## German
### Etymology

Uncertain; compare Middle High German senen. Has been considered a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-, though whether in the "sow (seed)" or "longlasting" sense is unclear.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzeːnən]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

sehnen (weak, third-person singular present sehnt, past tense sehnte, past participle gesehnt, auxiliary haben)
* (reflexive) to yearn, to long [with nach (+ dative) ‘for someone/something’]
    sich nach jemandem sehnen ― to long for someone

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* Sehnsucht

### References

* ↑ Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “sehnen”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “sehnen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “sehnen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “sehnen” in Duden online
* “sehnen” in OpenThesaurus.de
# Дмитрий
## Russian
### Alternative forms

* Дми́трій (Dmítrij) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek Δημήτριος (Dēmḗtrios), from Δημήτηρ (Dēmḗtēr, “Demeter”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdmʲitrʲɪj]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Дми́трий • (Dmítrij) m anim (genitive Дми́трия, nominative plural Дми́трии, genitive plural Дми́триев, relational adjective дми́триевский)
* a male given name, Dmitry or Dmitri, equivalent to English Demetrius, Ukrainian Дмитро (Dmytro), or Belarusian Дзмітрый (Dzmitryj)
* A transliteration of the Belarusian male given name Дзмітрый (Dzmitryj)
* A transliteration of the Ukrainian male given name Дмитро (Dmytro)

#### Derived terms

Diminutives:
* Ди́ма (Díma)
* Дима́ха (Dimáxa)
* Димаша (Dimaša)
* Диму́ля (Dimúlja)
* Диму́ся (Dimúsja)
* Диму́ха (Dimúxa)
* Диму́ша (Dimúša)
* Митю́ля (Mitjúlja)
* Митю́ня (Mitjúnja)
* Митю́ха (Mitjúxa)
* Митю́ша (Mitjúša)
* Ми́тя (Mítja)
* Митя́й (Mitjáj)
* Митя́ха (Mitjáxa)
* Митя́ша (Mitjáša)
Endearing forms:
* Ди́мочка (Dímočka)
* Ми́тенька (Mítenʹka)
* Митю́ша (Mitjúša)
Pejorative forms:
* Ди́мка (Dímka)
* Димо́н (Dimón)
* Ми́тька (Mítʹka)
Patronymics:
* Дми́триевич (Dmítrijevič)
* Дми́трич (Dmítrič)
* Дми́триевна (Dmítrijevna)
Surnames:
* Дми́триев (Dmítrijev)
Toponyms:
* Дми́тров (Dmítrov)
* Дмі́тров (Dmítrov)

#### Descendants

* Arabic: دميتري
* Belarusian: Дзмі́трый (Dzmítryj)
* Chinese:
    Mandarin: 德米特里 (Démǐtèlǐ)
* English: Dmitry, Dmitri, Dmitriy
* Estonian: Dmitri
* German: Dmitri
* French: Dimitri
* Hebrew: דמיטרי
* Hindi: दिमित्री (dimitrī)
* Japanese: ドミトリー (Domitorī)
* Korean: 드미트리 (Deumiteuri)
* Latvian: Dmitrijs
* Persian: دمیتری (demitri)
* Thai: ดมิตรี (dà-mit-ri)
* Ukrainian: Дмитро́ (Dmytró)
* Yakut: Миитэрэй (Miiterey)
# στρουθός
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* στροῦθος (stroûthos)

### Etymology

The etymology remains highly uncertain, but Beekes suspects a Pre-Greek origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /struː.tʰós/ → /struˈθos/ → /struˈθos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /struː.tʰós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /struˈtʰos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /struˈθos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /struˈθos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /struˈθos/

### Noun

στρουθός • (strouthós) m or f (genitive στρουθοῦ); second declension
* house sparrow (Passer domesticus)
    Synonym: σποργῐ́λος (sporgĭ́los)
* flatfish, European flounder (Platichthys flesus, syn. Pleuronectes flesus).
* ostrich

#### Derived terms

* στρουθίζω (strouthízō)
* στρουθίον (strouthíon)
* στρούθιον (stroúthion)
* στρουθοκάμηλος (strouthokámēlos)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “στροῦθος, στρουθός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1415

### Further reading

* “στρουθός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* στρουθός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* στρουθός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “στρουθός”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
# Belang
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German belanc, itself a deverbal back-formation from belangen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bəˈlaŋ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aŋ

### Noun

Belang m (strong, genitive Belanges or Belangs, plural Belange)
* relevance, importance, significance

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Derived terms

* belanglos
* belangvoll

### Further reading

* “Belang” in Duden online
* “Belang” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# samsing
## Tausug
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay samseng, from Chinese Hokkien 三牲 (sam-seng, sam-sng, “gangster”, literally “three domestic animals”).

### Pronunciation

* (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA: /samsiŋ/ [samˈsiŋ]
* Rhymes: -iŋ
* Syllabification: sam‧sing

### Noun

samsing (Sulat Sūg spelling سَمْسِڠْ)
* (Malaysia) thug, gangster, rascal
    Mataud manga tau samsing gumuwa' bang tigidlum na in daira.There will be lots of thugs coming out if the city is now dark.
# Laal
## English
### Proper noun

Laal
* An unclassified language spoken in Chad.

### Further reading

* Ethnologue entry for Laal, gdm ⁠

### Anagrams

* Alla, Lala, la-la
# asisten rumah tangga
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of asisten +‎ rumah tangga.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aˈsɪstɛn ˈrumah ˈtaŋɡa]

### Noun

asisten rumah tangga (plural asisten-asisten rumah tangga)
* (euphemistic) domestic worker.

#### Alternative forms

* ART

#### Synonyms

* babu
* pekerja rumah tangga
* pembantu
* pembantu rumah tangga
# bahan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay bahan, from Classical Malay bahan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bahan]
* Hyphenation: ba‧han

### Noun

bahan (plural bahan-bahan)
* (rare) chip, flake: a small piece broken from a larger piece of solid material.
* material:
** matter which may be shaped or manipulated, particularly in making something.
** text written for a specific purpose.
** fabric: cloth to be made into a garment.
** related data of various kinds, especially if collected as the basis for a document or book.
** the substance that something is made or composed of.
* physical matter; substance:
** matter: printed material, especially in books or magazines.
** stuff: the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object.

#### Derived terms

* berbahan
* membahan
* pembahan
* perbahanan
* bahan acuan
* bahan ajar
* bahan bakar
* bahan baku
* bahan balok
* bahan bangunan
* bahan berita
* bahan bibliografi
* bahan celana
* bahan cerita
* bahan cetak
* bahan dasar
* bahan diskusi
* bahan film
* bahan galian
* bahan jadi
* bahan kartografi
* bahan kelabu
* bahan makanan
* bahan makanan ternak
* bahan mentah
* bahan murni
* bahan organik
* bahan pakai
* bahan pakaian
* bahan pandang dengar
* bahan pegangan
* bahan pelajaran
* bahan peledak
* bahan pelumas
* bahan pembicaraan
* bahan pemeriksaan
* bahan pemikiran
* bahan pengajaran
* bahan pengawet
* bahan pengelantang
* bahan pengering
* bahan pengikat
* bahan periklanan
* bahan pertimbangan
* bahan rujukan
* bahan serap
* bahan taklangsung
* bahan tambahan pangan
* bahan tanam
* bahan tanpa lemak
* bahan tersuspensi
* bahan vulkanisasi

#### Related terms

* abahan

### Further reading

* “bahan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# clodhamer
## Old English
### Noun

clodhamer m
* Definition uncertain, probably fieldfare Turdus pilaris

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “clod-hamer”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
# lay the hammer down
## English
### Verb

lay the hammer down (third-person singular simple present lays the hammer down, present participle laying the hammer down, simple past and past participle laid the hammer down)
* Synonym of put the hammer down
# покривало
## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɔkreˈʋaɫɔ]

### Noun

покрива́ло • (pokryválo) n inan (genitive покрива́ла, nominative plural покрива́ла, genitive plural покрива́л, relational adjective покрива́льний, diminutive покрива́льце)
* bedspread, coverlet, blanket
* quilt, throw, cover
* shroud
* veil
* (figurative) veil (of fog, mystery, etc)
* (figurative) cloak, blanket, carpet (of snow, etc)

#### Related terms

* покрива́ти impf (pokryváty), покри́ти pf (pokrýty)

### Further reading

* “покривало”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “покривало”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “покривало”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
# spesifik
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch specifiek, from Old French specifique, from Late Latin specificus (“specific, particular”), from Latin speciēs (“kind”) + faciō (“make”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /spɛˈsifɪk̚/
* Hyphenation: spè‧si‧fik

### Adjective

spesifik
* specific
    Synonyms: khas, khusus

#### Related terms

* spesies
* spesifisitas

### Further reading

* “spesifik” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

Borrowed from English specific, from Late Latin specificus (“specific, particular”). Compare Indonesian spèsifik, via Dutch specifiek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [spe.si.fik], [spə.si.fik]
* Rhymes: -fik, -ik
* Hyphenation: spe‧si‧fik

### Adjective

spesifik (Jawi spelling سڤيسيفيک)
* Specific.
    Synonyms: khas, khusus, tertentu

#### Affixations

* kespesifikan

#### Related terms

* spesifikasi

### Further reading

* “spesifik” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French spécifique.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /spe.siˈfik/
* Hyphenation: spe‧si‧fik

### Adjective

spesifik
* specific [from 1930s]
    Synonym: özellikli

#### Declension
### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “spesifik”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* “spesifik”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# -cus
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *-kos, from Proto-Indo-European *-kos, *-ḱos. Cognate with Ancient Greek -κός (-kós), Proto-Germanic *-gaz, Sanskrit -शस (-śasa) and Proto-Slavic *-kъ.
PIE *-ko- on noun stems carried the meaning 'characteristic of, like, typical, pertaining to', and on adjectival stems it acted emphatically.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /kus/, [kʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /kus/, [kus]

### Suffix

-cus (feminine -ca, neuter -cum); first/second-declension suffix
* suffixed to nouns, forms adjectives
    juvenis + -cus → juvencus
    Mārs + -cus → Mār(t)cus
    ravis + -cus → raucus
This suffix survives in inherited forms and became productive through its derivations (cf. infra) by metanalysis.

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

#### Derived terms

* -icus
** -ticus
*** -āticus
* -īcus
** -īcius

### References

* “-cus” on page 478/2 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
# Čus
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃus]

### Proper noun

Čus m pers (female equivalent Čusová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Čus”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# deaw
## English
### Noun

deaw (uncountable)
* Obsolete spelling of dew.

## Middle English
### Noun

deaw
* Alternative form of dew

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *dawwaz, *dawwą (“dew”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke, haze”). Cognate with Middle Dutch dau, dou (“dew”), Old Frisian dāw (“dew”), Old Saxon dau (“dew”), Old High German tou (“dew”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dæ͜ɑːw/

### Noun

dēaw m or n
* dew

#### Declension

* Masculine:
Strong a-stem:
* Neuter:
Strong a-stem:

#### Descendants

* Middle English: dew, deau, deaw, deew, deu, dewe, dewȝ, dieuȝ, dæw (Ormulum)
** English: dew
** Scots: dew, deow, dyow
** Yola: dhew
# caipira
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Old Tupi kopira (“farmer”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kajˈpi.ɾɐ/ [kaɪ̯ˈpi.ɾɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /kajˈpi.ɾɐ/ [kaɪ̯ˈpi.ɾɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /kajˈpi.ɾa/ [kaɪ̯ˈpi.ɾa]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kajˈpi.ɾɐ/
* Audio (Brazil):(file)
* Rhymes: -iɾɐ
* Hyphenation: cai‧pi‧ra

### Noun

caipira m or f by sense (plural caipiras)
* (Brazil) a hillbilly, yokel, rustic
    Synonyms: jeca, jacu

### Adjective

caipira m or f (plural caipiras)
* rustic, hillbilly, provincial
    Synonyms: interiorano, jacu, jeca

### Derived terms

* caipiragem
* caipirinha

### References

* ↑ Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “kopira”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 230, column 2

### Further reading

* “caipira”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# amelioration
## English
### Alternative forms

* melioration (archaic)

### Etymology

From Middle English amelioracioun, from Middle French amelioracion and probably partly ameliorate +‎ -ion.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˌmiːliəˈɹeɪʃən/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪʃən

### Noun

amelioration (countable and uncountable, plural ameliorations)
* The act of making better.
    Antonym: deterioration
** 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXXII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 262:The tumult was over, and all things returned to their old place; and the abuse remained without remedy, and the wrong without redress. Ah! if the doctrine of amelioration be true, what a mighty debt does the future owe to the past!
* An improvement.
    Synonym: revamp
* (linguistics) The process by which a term gains a more positive connotation over time.
    Antonym: pejoration
* (philosophy) An ameliorative change of a concept or a repertoire of concepts.
    pre-amelioration
    post-amelioration

#### Descendants

* → Malay: ameliorasi

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ “amelioration, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
# lie like a dog
## English
### Verb

lie like a dog (third-person singular simple present lies like a dog, present participle lying like a dog, simple past and past participle lied like a dog)
* (simile, slang) To lie a lot; to tell many untruths.

#### Synonyms

* lie like a cheap rug
# lying like a cheap watch
## English
### Verb

lying like a cheap watch
* present participle and gerund of lie like a cheap watch