# amharc
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* amhanc

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ˈavˠəɾˠk/
* (Aran) IPA: /ˈafˠəɾˠk/ (as if spelled afarc)
* (Cois Fharraige, Rosmuc) IPA: /ˈaːfˠɾˠək/ (as if spelled afrac)
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈãuwəɾˠk/

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish amarc m (“act of looking at; faculty of sight; object of sight, view, prospect”).

#### Noun

amharc m (genitive singular amhairc, nominative plural amhairc)
* verbal noun of amharc
* sight, vision
** 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect], volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 1:tā afr̥k ə ŋar ʒō.[Tá amharc i ngearr dhó.]He is short-sighted.
* look
    Is fearr amharc amháin romhat ná dhá amharc i do dhiaidh.Foresight is better than hindsight. (proverb)(literally, “One look before you is better than two looks behind you.”)
* sight (a great deal, a lot)

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
amharc
amhairc
vocative
a amhairc
a amharca
genitive
amhairc
amharc
dative
amharc
amhairc
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an t-amharc
na hamhairc
genitive
an amhairc
na n-amharc
dative
leis an amharc don amharc
leis na hamhairc :

##### Derived terms

* amharc an lae m (“dawn”)
* amharc déshúileach m (“binocular vision”)
* amharc dúbailte m (“double vision”)
* amharc mara m (“seascape”)
* amharc na súl m (“eyesight”)
* amharc tíre m (“landscape”)
* amharcach (“sightly, pleasing to behold”)
* amharclann f (“theatre”)
* ar amharc (“in sight”)
* as amharc (“out of sight”)
* cianamharc m (“distant view”)
* claonamharc m (“sidelong look; squint”)
* gar-amharc m (“close-up view”)
* in amharc súl (“in appearance”)
* téigh as amharc (“disappear”, verb)

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish amarcaid (“sees, beholds, views”, verb), from amarc (see above).

#### Verb

amharc (present analytic amharcann, future analytic amharcfaidh, verbal noun amharc, past participle amharctha)
* (transitive, intransitive) look, see
    Bhí sé ag amharc amach as an bhfuinneog nuair a bhí mise ag dul thart.He was looking out the window when I went past.

##### Conjugation

| verbal noun | amharc | amharc | amharc | amharc | amharc | amharc | amharc | amharc |
| past participle | amharctha | amharctha | amharctha | amharctha | amharctha | amharctha | amharctha | amharctha |
| tense | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| tense | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative |||||||||
| present | amharcaim | amharcann tú; amharcair$^†$ | amharcann sé, sí | amharcaimid | amharcann sibh | amharcann siad; amharcaid$^†$ | a amharcann; a amharcas / a n-amharcann* | amharctar |
| past | d'amharc mé; d'amharcas / amharc mé‡; amharcas‡ | d'amharc tú; d'amharcais / amharc tú‡; amharcais‡ | d'amharc sé, sí / amharc sé, sí‡ | d'amharcamar; d'amharc muid / amharcamar‡; amharc muid‡ | d'amharc sibh; d'amharcabhair / amharc sibh‡; amharcabhair‡ | d'amharc siad; d'amharcadar / amharc siad; amharcadar‡ | a d'amharc / ar amharc* | amharcadh; hamharcadh$^†$ |
| past habitual | d'amharcainn / amharcainn‡; n-amharcainn‡‡ | d'amharctá / amharctá‡; n-amharctá‡‡ | d'amharcadh sé, sí / amharcadh sé, sí‡; n-amharcadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'amharcaimis; d'amharcadh muid / amharcaimis‡; amharcadh muid‡; n-amharcaimis‡‡; n-amharcadh muid‡‡ | d'amharcadh sibh / amharcadh sibh‡; n-amharcadh sibh‡‡ | d'amharcaidís; d'amharcadh siad / amharcaidís‡; amharcadh siad‡; n-amharcaidís‡‡; n-amharcadh siad‡‡ | a d'amharcadh / a n-amharcadh* | d'amharctaí / amharctaí‡; n-amharctaí‡‡ |
| future | amharcfaidh mé; amharcfad | amharcfaidh tú; amharcfair$^†$ | amharcfaidh sé, sí | amharcfaimid; amharcfaidh muid | amharcfaidh sibh | amharcfaidh siad; amharcfaid$^†$ | a amharcfaidh; a amharcfas / a n-amharcfaidh* | amharcfar |
| conditional | d'amharcfainn / amharcfainn‡; n-amharcfainn‡‡ | d'amharcfá / amharcfá‡; n-amharcfá‡‡ | d'amharcfadh sé, sí / amharcfadh sé, sí‡; n-amharcfadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'amharcfaimis; d'amharcfadh muid / amharcfaimis‡; amharcfadh muid‡; n-amharcfaimis‡‡; n-amharcfadh muid‡‡ | d'amharcfadh sibh / amharcfadh sibh‡; n-amharcfadh sibh‡‡ | d'amharcfaidís; d'amharcfadh siad / amharcfaidís‡; amharcfadh siad‡; n-amharcfaidís‡‡; n-amharcfadh siad‡‡ | a d'amharcfadh / a n-amharcfadh* | d'amharcfaí / amharcfaí‡; n-amharcfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive |||||||||
| present | go n-amharca mé; go n-amharcad$^†$ | go n-amharca tú; go n-amharcair$^†$ | go n-amharca sé, sí | go n-amharcaimid; go n-amharca muid | go n-amharca sibh | go n-amharca siad; go n-amharcaid$^†$ | — | go n-amharctar |
| past | dá n-amharcainn | dá n-amharctá | dá n-amharcadh sé, sí | dá n-amharcaimis; dá n-amharcadh muid | dá n-amharcadh sibh | dá n-amharcaidís; dá n-amharcadh siad | — | dá n-amharctaí |
| imperative |||||||||
| – | amharcaim | amharc | amharcadh sé, sí | amharcaimis | amharcaigí; amharcaidh$^†$ | amharcaidís | — | amharctar |
*indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡ dependent form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

##### Derived terms

* amharcaíl f (“(act of) peering; groping”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 54, page 29
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 1
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 48, page 22
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 amarc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “amarcaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “amharc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “aṁarc”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 25

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish amarc m (“act of looking at; faculty of sight; object of sight, view, prospect”).

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis, Arran) IPA: /ˈãvəɾk/
* (Uist) IPA: /ˈãũ.əɾk/
* (Mull) IPA: /ˈãũɾaxk/
* (Wester Ross) IPA: /ˈɛ̃.uɾk/, /ˈãvaɾk/
* (Colonsay, Islay, Jura) IPA: /ˈɛɾaxk/
* (Gigha, Kintyre) IPA: /ˈɛ̃vəɾk/

### Noun

amharc m (genitive singular amhairc, plural amhairc)
* verbal noun of amhairc
* seeing, viewing
* sight, view
* vizzy or sight on a gun
* view, sight, observation
* beholding
* inspecting
* look, appearance
* fault

#### Synonyms

* sealladh

#### Derived terms

* amharc-lann
* dian-amharc

### References

* 1 2 3 4 Seumas Grannd (2000) The Gaelic of Islay: A Comparative Study‎, Aberdeen: University of Aberdeen, →ISBN, page 43
* ↑ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath, page 7
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “amharc”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 amarc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language