# 坢

| 坢 | U+5762, &#22370; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5762 |
| ← 坡 [U+5761] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 坣 → [U+5763] |

## Translingual
### Han character

坢 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土火手 (GFQ), four-corner 4915$_0$, composition ⿰土半)

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 226, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4967
* Dae Jaweon: page 461, character 26
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 435, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5762

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 半 | *paːns |
| 絆 | *paːns |
| 靽 | *paːns |
| 姅 | *paːns, *pʰaːns |
| 拌 | *pʰaːn, *baːnʔ |
| 拚 | *pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns |
| 坢 | *pʰaːnʔ |
| 判 | *pʰaːns |
| 泮 | *pʰaːns |
| 頖 | *pʰaːns |
| 胖 | *pʰaːns |
| 冸 | *pʰaːns |
| 牉 | *pʰaːns |
| 柈 | *baːn |
| 伴 | *baːnʔ, *baːns |
| 叛 | *baːns |
| 畔 | *baːns |
| 袢 | *ban |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰaːnʔ): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 半 (OC *paːns).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pǎn (pan$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pun$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pǎn
*** Wade–Giles: pʻan$^3$
*** Yale: pǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paan
*** Palladius: пань (panʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰän²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pun$^5$
*** Yale: púhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pun$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pun$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰuːn¹³/
* Middle Chinese: phanX
Rime :
| Character | 坢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 普伴切 |
| Baxter | phanX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰuɑn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰʷɑn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰuɑn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰwan$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰuɑn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰuɑn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰuɑn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pun$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːnʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 坢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 249 |
| Phonetic component | 半 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 坢 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰaːnʔ/ |

#### Definitions

坢
* (dialectal) mountain slope; mountainside; hillside
* (historical dictionaries only) Defined in Guangyun and Jiyun as 平坦 (píngtǎn, “flat; level”).
* (historical dictionaries only) Defined in Jiyun as 發地／发地 (“to rise from ground; porous soil”).

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pàn (pan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bun$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pàn
*** Wade–Giles: pʻan$^4$
*** Yale: pàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pann
*** Palladius: пань (panʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bun$^6$
*** Yale: buhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bun$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bun$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /puːn²²/

#### Definitions

坢
* (historical dictionaries only) Defined in Jiyun as 坋 (bèn).

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bàn (ban$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bàn
*** Wade–Giles: pan$^4$
*** Yale: bàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bann
*** Palladius: бань (banʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pän⁵¹/

#### Definitions

坢
* (dialectal) muck; manure; dung

### Pronunciation 4

* Cantonese (Jyutping): bun$^3$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bun$^3$
*** Yale: bun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bun$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bun$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /puːn³³/

#### Definitions

坢
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* “坢”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): はん (han)、ばん (ban)
* Kun: たいらか (tairaka, 坢らか)、ちり (chiri)

## Korean
### Hanja

坢 (eumhun 편편할 반 (pyeonpyeonhal ban))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* Naver Hanja Dictionary: 坢

## Tày
### Noun

坢 (bản)
* Nôm form of bản (“village”).
    𫰴新𫰴漯坢slao tăn slao lâ̱y bảnstupid girls are those who idle between villages

### References

* Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội