# 叟

| 叟 | U+53DF, &#21471; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53DF |
| ← 叞 [U+53DE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 叠 → [U+53E0] |
| 叟 | U+2F837, &#194615; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F837 |
| ← 及 [U+2F836] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 𠭣 → [U+2F838] |

## Translingual
### Alternative forms

* In Taiwan and Hong Kong, this character and its derived characters are written with 𦥑 (7 strokes) as the upper component while in mainland China, this character and its derivatives are written with 臼 (6 strokes) as the upper component.
* A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+2F837(composition: ⿱申又) and is encoded for a historical variant found in the Ming dynasty dictionary 《重訂直音篇》.

### Han character

* U+53DF 叟 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+8 in traditional Chinese, 又+7 in simplified Chinese, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese, 9 strokes in simplified Chinese, cangjie input 竹難中水 (HXLE), four-corner 7740$_7$, composition ⿱⿻臼丨又(G) or ⿱⿻𦥑丨又(HTJK))
* U+2F837 叟 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 中中水 (LLE), composition ⿱申又)

#### Derived characters

* 傁, 嗖, 𭎾, 嫂, 𡻁, 㥰, 搜, 溲, 遚, 膄, 㮴, 𣯜, 𭵕, 獀, 瞍, 𥕋, 𦃈, 䏂, 艘, 螋, 謏(𫍲), 𧳶, 𫌆, 𧽏, 醙, 鎪(锼), 𩌅, 颼(飕), 餿(馊), 騪(𩨄), 𩴍, 䱸(𫠑), 鄋, 㪢, 㲣, 𠭦, 㟬, 𤔣, 蓃, 𥰞, 𠪇, 廋, 瘦, 𱈷 (Note: Different form used in mainland China)
* 捜, 痩 (Japanese shinjitai containing U+2F837(⿱申又))

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 166, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3176
* Dae Jaweon: page 378, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 399, character 1
* Unihan data for U+53DF
* Unihan data for U+2F837

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 㮴 | *suːw |
| 艘 | *suːw, *sɯːw |
| 嫂 | *suːwʔ |
| 瞍 | *sɯːw, *suːʔ |
| 謏 | *slɯːwʔ, *suːʔ, *suːs, *srɯwɢ |
| 叜 | *sluːʔ |
| 叟 | *suːʔ |
| 傁 | *suːʔ |
| 廋 | *suːʔ, *sru |
| 醙 | *suʔ, *sru |
| 遚 | *sʰrus |
| 餿 | *sru |
| 搜 | *sru |
| 颼 | *sru |
| 溲 | *sru, *sruʔ |
| 鎪 | *sru |
| 獀 | *sru |
| 鄋 | *sru |
| 螋 | *sru, *sro |
| 騪 | *sru |
| 瘦 | *srus |
Originally 叜. Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 宀 (“roof; house”) + 火 (“fire”) + 又 (“hand”) – hand holding a torch in the house – original form of 搜 (“to search”).
Since the clerical script, the top components 宀 and 火 have merged into the unrelated 𦥔.

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sǒu (sou$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sau$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sēu
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): só͘ / só
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sou$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$seu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sǒu
*** Wade–Giles: sou$^3$
*** Yale: sǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: soou
*** Palladius: соу (sou)
*** Sinological IPA : /soʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sau$^2$
*** Yale: sáu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐu̯³⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sēu
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛu³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: só͘
*** Tâi-lô: sóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sor
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /sɔ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: só
*** Tâi-lô: só
*** Phofsit Daibuun: soir
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /so⁵⁵⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sou$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sóu
*** Sinological IPA : /sou⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$seu
*** MiniDict: seu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$seu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sɤ³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: suwX
Rime :
| Character | 叟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 蘇后切 |
| Baxter | suwX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /səu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /səu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /səu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /səw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /su$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /səu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /sə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sǒu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sau$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-ruʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*suːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 叟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sǒu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ suw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-ruʔ/ (dialect: > *sruʔ > MC srjuwX > sruwX > suwX) |
| English | old man |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 叟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12070 |
| Phonetic component | 叟 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 叜 |
| Old Chinese | /*suːʔ/ |
| Notes | 同叜隸變 |

### Definitions

叟
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) old man; old gentleman
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, honorific) Term of address for an elderly man: sir
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Wáng yuē: “Sǒu! Bù yuǎn qiān lǐ ér lái, yì jiāng yǒu yǐ lì wú guó hū?” [Pinyin]
    The king said, “Venerable sir, since you have not counted it far to come here, a distance of a thousand li, may I presume that you are provided with counsels to profit my kingdom?”

#### Compounds

* 北叟失馬 / 北叟失马
* 叟兵
* 叟叟
* 河曲智叟
* 漫叟
* 煙波釣叟 / 烟波钓叟
* 白叟
* 白叟黃童 / 白叟黄童
* 瞽叟
* 童叟無欺 / 童叟无欺 (tóngsǒuwúqī)
* 老叟
* 蒙叟
* 迂叟
* 野叟曝言
* 釣叟 / 钓叟
* 黃童白叟 / 黄童白叟

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): そう (sō)、しゅう (shū)
* Kun: おきな (okina, 叟)

## Korean
### Hanja

叟 (eum 수 (su))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

叟: Hán Nôm readings: tẩu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.