# 耆

| 耆 | U+8006, &#32774; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8006 |
| ← 者 [U+8005] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 耇 → [U+8007] |

## Translingual
### Han character

耆 (Kangxi radical 125, 老+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十心日 (JPA), four-corner 4460$_1$, composition ⿱老日)

#### Derived characters

嗜, 愭, 搘, 榰, 蓍, 螧, 鬐, 鰭/鳍, 䅲, 𡺸, 𣉟, 𣯆, 𣹡, 𥉙, 𦓂, 𦔌, 𦞯, 𧡺, 𧪡/𬤓, 𨢍, 𨪌, 𨲤, 𩝙, 𩥂/𩥞, 𪄖, 𫂓, 𫎟, 𭏎

#### Usage notes

This character has two indices in kRSUnicode: <老+4> and <日+6>. The latter index is probably for Japanese.

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 961, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28849
* Dae Jaweon: page 1409, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2780, character 4
* Unihan data for U+8006

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 耆 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 稽 | *kiː, *kʰiːʔ |
| 詣 | *ŋɡiːs |
| 栺 | *ŋɡiːs, *kji |
| 榰 | *klje |
| 脂 | *kji |
| 鴲 | *kji, *kjis |
| 指 | *kjiʔ |
| 旨 | *kjiʔ |
| 恉 | *kjiʔ |
| 嗜 | *ɡjis |
| 蓍 | *qʰlji |
| 鰭 | *ɡri |
| 耆 | *ɡri |
| 鮨 | *ɡri |
| 鬐 | *ɡri |

### Etymology

Related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-gryas (“old”), whence Burmese ကြီး (kri:, “great, big, old”) (STEDT).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qí (qi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kei$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khì
    (Hailu, HRS): ki
* Eastern Min (BUC): gì
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kî
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qí
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cí
*** Wade–Giles: chʻi$^2$
*** Yale: chí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyi
*** Palladius: ци (ci)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kei$^4$
*** Yale: kèih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kei$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kéi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰei̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khì
*** Hakka Romanization System: ki$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ki$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ki
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gì
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ki¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kî
*** Tâi-lô: kî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kii
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ki²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ki²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ki²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki²³/
* Middle Chinese: gjij
Rime :
| Character | 耆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠脂切 |
| Baxter | gjij |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡiɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡjɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gi/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡi/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kei$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]rij/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡri/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 耆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gij › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]rij/ |
| English | old |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 耆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17332 |
| Phonetic component | 旨 |
| Rime group | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鬐 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡri/ |

#### Definitions

耆
* man of sixty
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) aged; old; senior
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tyrannical
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to detest; to abhor

#### Compounds

* 伊耆氏
* 紳耆 / 绅耆
* 老耆
* 耆儒
* 耆儒碩德 / 耆儒硕德
* 耆儒碩望 / 耆儒硕望
* 耆儒碩老 / 耆儒硕老
* 耆宿
* 耆年
* 耆年碩德 / 耆年硕德
* 耆德
* 耆碩 / 耆硕
* 耆童
* 耆老 (qílǎo)
* 耆耇
* 耆臘 / 耆腊
* 耆舊 / 耆旧
* 耆艾
* 耆英 (qíyīng)
* 耆那 (Qínà)
* 薄耆
* 黃花黃耆 / 黄花黄耆

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐh
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^3$
*** Yale: jř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
*** Palladius: чжи (čži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

耆
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to cause; to result in
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Sì Wǔ shòu zhī, shèng yīn è liú, zhǐ dìng ěr gōng. [Pinyin]
    Thou did'st receive the inheritance from him; Thou did'st vanquish Yin, and put a stop to its cruelties; - Effecting the firm establishment of thy merit.

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shì (shi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shì
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^4$
*** Yale: shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

#### Definitions

耆
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 嗜 (shì, “to be fond of”).
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Chī yā shì shǔ. [Pinyin]
    Owls and crows delight in mice.

### References

* “耆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* senility

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎ (gi)、し (shi)、じ (ji)
* Kan-on: き (ki)、し (shi)
* Kun: おいる (oiru, 耆いる)

## Korean
### Hanja

耆 • (gi, chi) (hangeul 기, 치, revised gi, chi, McCune–Reischauer ki, ch'i, Yale ki, chi)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.