# 預

| 預 | U+9810, &#38928; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9810 |
| ← 頏 [U+980F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 頑 → [U+9811] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 預 |
| Simplified | 预 |
| Japanese | 予 |
| Korean | 豫 |

### Han character

預 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 弓弓一月金 (NNMBC), four-corner 1128$_6$, composition ⿰予頁)

#### Derived characters

* 𱠽, 澦, 𣛿, 𬘂, 𨮌, 𲊸, 𠟹, 蕷

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1401, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43373
* Dae Jaweon: page 1917, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4363, character 10
* Unihan data for U+9810

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 野 | *laːʔ, *ɦljaʔ |
| 壄 | *laːʔ |
| 序 | *ljaʔ |
| 抒 | *ljaʔ, *hlja, *ɦljaʔ |
| 芧 | *l'aʔ |
| 杼 | *l'aʔ, *ɦljaʔ |
| 墅 | *ɦljaːʔ |
| 舒 | *hlja |
| 紓 | *hlja, *ɦljaʔ |
| 妤 | *la |
| 伃 | *la |
| 予 | *la, *laʔ |
| 預 | *las |
| 忬 | *las |
| 豫 | *las |
| 蕷 | *las |
| 澦 | *las |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *las): phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ) + semantic 頁.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yù (yu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyu$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yi$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yi
* Eastern Min (BUC): ê̤ṳ
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): y$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ū / īr / ī / ǐr
    (Teochew, Peng'im): e$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yù
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yù
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^4$
*** Yale: yù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^6$
*** Yale: yuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ji³²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
*** Hakka Romanization System: i
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /i⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)i
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ê̤ṳ
*** Sinological IPA : /øy²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: y$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /y²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ū
*** Tâi-lô: ū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: u
*** IPA (Xiamen): /u²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /u³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: īr
*** Tâi-lô: īr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /ɯ²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Tainan, Yilan, Hsinchu, Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
*** Tâi-lô: ī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: i
*** IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /i³³/
*** IPA (Jinjiang): /i⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /i²²/
** (Hokkien: Lukang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ǐr
*** Tâi-lô: ǐr
*** IPA (Lukang): /ɨ³³/
* Xiamen:
** ū - literary;
** ī - vernacular (“to participate; to play; to start”).
* Taiwan:
** ī/ū/īr/ǐr - literary;
** ī - vernacular (“to play”).
* Middle Chinese: yoH
Rime :
| Character | 預 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 羊洳切 |
| Baxter | yoH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨʌ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɔ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iɔ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /iɔ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭo$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*las/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 預 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15740 |
| Phonetic component | 予 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 豫 |
| Old Chinese | /*las/ |

### Definitions

預
* beforehand, in advance
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to take part in
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to participate in an activity
* (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to play (chess, cards, mahjong, hide-and-seek, etc.)
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, of an activity) to start
* (Cantonese, Teochew) to foresee; to expect; to anticipate
       ngo$^5$ jyu$^6$ zo$^2$ keoi$^5$ wui$^5$ ci$^4$ dou$^3$ gaa$^3$ laa$^1$. [Jyutping]
       I knew he was going to be late.
* (Cantonese, Teochew) to prepare; to plan for; to estimate
       gam$^1$ maan$^{5-1}$ jau$^5$ pang$^4$ jau$^5$ soeng$^6$ lai$^4$ sik$^6$ faan$^6$, nei$^5$ jyu$^6$ do$^1$ di$^1$ faan$^6$ sung$^3$ laa$^3$ wo$^3$. [Jyutping]
       A friend is coming over for dinner tonight, so prepare more food.
* (Cantonese) to reserve a place; to count someone in
       jyu$^6$ faan$^1$ di$^1$ wai$^{6-2}$ bei$^2$ keoi$^5$ baai$^2$ hang$^4$ lei$^5$ wo$^3$. [Jyutping]
       Save some space for him to put his luggage.
       ting$^1$ jat$^6$ leoi$^5$ hang$^4$ jyu$^6$ maai$^4$ nei$^5$ gaa$^3$ laa$^3$. [Jyutping]
       We're counting you in for tomorrow's trip.

### Compounds

* 何預 / 何预
* 參預 / 参预
* 單一預算 / 单一预算
* 單式預算 / 单式预算
* 天氣預報 / 天气预报 (tiānqì yùbào)
* 干預 (gānyù)
* 年度預算 / 年度预算
* 投資預算 / 投资预算
* 機率預報 / 机率预报
* 潮汐預報 / 潮汐预报
* 總預算 / 总预算
* 言之不預 / 言之不预
* 赤字預算 / 赤字预算
* 追加預算 / 追加预算
* 零基預算 / 零基预算
* 預付 / 预付 (yùfù)
* 預付卡 / 预付卡
* 預估 / 预估 (yùgū)
* 預借 / 预借
* 預備 / 预备 (yùbèi)
* 預備役 / 预备役 (yùbèiyì)
* 預備金 / 预备金
* 預兆 / 预兆 (yùzhào)
* 預先 / 预先 (yùxiān)
* 預力 / 预力
* 預卜 / 预卜 (yùbǔ)
* 預告 / 预告 (yùgào)
* 預告片 / 预告片
* 預售 / 预售 (yùshòu)
* 預售屋 / 预售屋
* 預報 / 预报 (yùbào)
* 預定 / 预定 (yùdìng)
* 預後 / 预后 (yùhòu)
* 預感 / 预感 (yùgǎn)
* 預想 / 预想 (yùxiǎng)
* 預拌料 / 预拌料
* 預支 / 预支 (yùzhī)
* 預料 / 预料 (yùliào)
* 預斷 / 预断 (yùduàn)
* 預期 / 预期 (yùqī)
* 預測 / 预测 (yùcè)
* 預演 / 预演 (yùyǎn)
* 預產期 / 预产期 (yùchǎnqī)
* 預留 / 预留 (yùliú)
* 預知 / 预知 (yùzhī)
* 預祝 / 预祝 (yùzhù)
* 預視 / 预视
* 預科 / 预科 (yùkē)
* 預算 / 预算 (yùsuàn)
* 預約 / 预约 (yùyuē)
* 預繳 / 预缴
* 預習 / 预习 (yùxí)
* 預聞 / 预闻 (yùwén)
* 預行 / 预行 (yùxíng)
* 預見 / 预见 (yùjiàn)
* 預言 / 预言 (yùyán)
* 預言家 / 预言家 (yùyánjiā)
* 預訂 / 预订 (yùdìng)
* 預計 / 预计 (yùjì)
* 預設 / 预设 (yùshè)
* 預謀 / 预谋 (yùmóu)
* 預警 / 预警 (yùjǐng)
* 預賽 / 预赛 (yùsài)
* 預購 / 预购 (yùgòu)
* 預選 / 预选
* 預防 / 预防 (yùfáng)
* 預防接種 / 预防接种
* 預防注射 / 预防注射
* 預防醫學 / 预防医学
* 預防針 / 预防针 (yùfángzhēn)

### References

* “預”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “预”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 292.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
* beforehand
* take care of
* entrust

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): よ (yo, Jōyō)
* Kun: あずける (azukeru, 預ける, Jōyō)、あらかじめ (arakajime, 預め)、あずかる (azukaru, 預かる, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 預金(よきん) (yokin)
* 預言(よげん) (yogen)
* 預言者(よげんしゃ) (yogensha)
* 預(よ)託(たく) (yotaku)

#### Usage notes

See also 予.

## Korean
### Hanja

預 • (ye) (hangeul 예, revised ye, McCune–Reischauer ye, Yale yey)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

預: Hán Việt readings: dự
預: Nôm readings: dứa, dựa, nhứ, rợ
* chữ Hán form of dự (“to participate”).
* (in compounds) chữ Hán form of dự (“to forsee, to prepare”).

### References

* ↑ Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 4 Trần (2004).