# 朔

| 朔 | U+6714, &#26388; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6714 |
| ← 朓 [U+6713] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 朕 → [U+6715] |

## Translingual
### Han character

朔 (Kangxi radical 74, 月+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿山月 (TUB), four-corner 8742$_0$, composition ⿰屰月)
* first day of lunar month
* the north

#### Derived characters

* 搠, 嗍, 溯, 鎙 (𫔈), 蒴, 塑, 槊, 愬, 遡

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 505, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14359
* Dae Jaweon: page 884, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2072, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6714

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 斥 | *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ |
| 訴 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 泝 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 愬 | *sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ |
| 遡 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 塑 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 溯 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 遻 | *ŋaːɡs |
| 柝 | *tŋ̊ʰaːɡ |
| 鶚 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 諤 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 齶 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鍔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 遌 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 崿 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 偔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 堮 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 湂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鱷 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 噩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 咢 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鑩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鄂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鰐 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 萼 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 愕 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 顎 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 朔 | *sŋraːɡ |
| 槊 | *sraːwɢ |
| 蒴 | *sraːwɢ |
| 坼 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 拆 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 逆 | *ŋraɡ |
| 屰 | *ŋraɡ |
| 縌 | *ŋraɡ |
| 蝷 | *reːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sŋraːɡ): phonetic 屰 (OC *ŋraɡ) + semantic 月 (“moon”)

### Etymology

From 逆 (OC *ŋraɡ) plus s-prefix. Schuessler (2007) interprets it as literally "turn again toward to meet"; while Baxter & Sagart (2014) interprets it as "when the moon changes from waning to waxing", with s- being a circumstantial prefix for place, time, & instrument.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shuò (shuo$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sok$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sok
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sok
    (Teochew, Peng'im): suag$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shuò
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shuò
*** Wade–Giles: shuo$^4$
*** Yale: shwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuoh
*** Palladius: шо (šo)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂu̯ɔ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sok$^3$
*** Yale: sok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sog$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɔːk̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sok
*** Hakka Romanization System: sog$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sog$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /sok̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok
*** Tâi-lô: sok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sog
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: suag$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suak
*** Sinological IPA : /suak̚²/
* Middle Chinese: sraewk
Rime :
| Character | 朔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 覺 (10) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 所角切 |
| Baxter | sraewk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠʌk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚɔk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃɔk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂaɨwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɔk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃɔk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂɔk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shuo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sok$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-ŋrak/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sŋraːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 朔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shuò |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sræwk › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-ŋrak/ |
| English | 1st day of month |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 朔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9468 |
| Phonetic component | 屰 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 朔 |
| Old Chinese | /*sŋraːɡ/ |

### Definitions

朔
* new moon
    朔月 ― shuòyuè ― new moon
* the first day of the lunar month
    朔日 ― shuòrì ― the first day of the lunar month
    朔望 ― shuòwàng ― the first and 15th day of every lunar month
* (literary) north
    朔方 ― shuòfāng ― north
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) early morning
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) beginning

#### Compounds

* 合朔
* 告朔
* 告朔餼羊 / 告朔饩羊
* 奉其正朔
* 撲朔 / 扑朔 (pūshuò)
* 撲朔迷離 / 扑朔迷离 (pūshuòmílí)
* 旬朔 (xúnshuò)
* 晦朔 (huìshuò)
* 月朔 (yuèshuò)
* 朔吹 (shuòchuì)
* 朔州 (Shuòzhōu)
* 朔政
* 朔方 (shuòfāng)
* 朔日 (shuòrì)
* 朔月 (shuòyuè)
* 朔月貰 / 朔月贳
* 朔望 (shuòwàng)
* 朔望月 (shuòwàngyuè)
* 朔氣 / 朔气
* 朔漠 (shuòmò)
* 朔雪 (shuòxuě)
* 朔雲 / 朔云
* 朔風 / 朔风 (shuòfēng)
* 朔黨 / 朔党
* 望朔 (wàngshuò)
* 正朔 (zhēngshuò)
* 河朔 (Héshuò)
* 迷離撲朔 / 迷离扑朔
* 陽朔 / 阳朔 (Yángshuò)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: さく (saku)
* Kan-on: さく (saku)
* Kun: ついたち (tsuitachi, 朔)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 朔 (MC sraewk). Recorded as Middle Korean 삭〮 (sák) (Yale: sak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 朔 (eumhun 초하루 삭 (choharu sak))
* hanja form of 삭 (“the first day of the lunar month”)

#### Compounds

* 삭고 (朔鼓, sakgo)
* 삭료 (朔料, sangnyo)
* 삭망 (朔望, sangmang)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

朔: Hán Nôm readings: sóc, xóc, xộc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.