# 軋

| 軋 | U+8ECB, &#36555; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8ECB |
| ← 車 [U+8ECA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 軌 → [U+8ECC] |

## Translingual
### Han character

軋 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+1, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十十山 (JJU), four-corner 5201$_0$, composition ⿰車乚)

#### Derived characters

* 𠵣, 𡸗, 𢮊, 𬒒, 錷, 𡸲

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1239, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38173
* Dae Jaweon: page 1713, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3512, character 1
* Unihan data for U+8ECB

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 軋
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 劜 | *qreːd |
| 札 | *sqriːd |
| 扎 | *sqriːd |
| 蚻 | *ʔsriːd |
| 紮 | *ʔsriːd |
| 軋 | *qriːd |
| 圠 | *qriːd |
| 穵 | *qriːd, *qʷriːd |
| 挖 | *qʷriːd |
| 鳦 | *qriːd, *qrid |
| 耴 | *ŋrid, *teb |
| 乙 | *qriɡ |
| 肊 | *qrɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qriːd): semantic 車 (“cart”) + phonetic 乙 (OC *qriɡ)

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yà (ya$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaat$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): că
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): at / ah
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$gaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yà
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yà
*** Wade–Giles: ya$^4$
*** Yale: yà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yah
*** Palladius: я (ja)
*** Sinological IPA : /jä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaat$^3$
*** Yale: jaat
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaat$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zad$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːt̚³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: că
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sa²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: at / ah
*** Tâi-lô: at / ah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ad, aq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /at̚³²/, /aʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /at̚⁵/, /aʔ⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /at̚³²/, /aʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /at̚³²/, /aʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /at̚³²/, /aʔ³²/
* at - literary;
* ah - colloquial.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit軋 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ia⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂa²⁴/ ～鋼 /ia⁵³/ ～道機 |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /iɑ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ia²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ka⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ia³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /nia⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡sa²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ia¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ia¹³/ /ia⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ia²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ia³⁵/ /ŋa³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sa³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sa²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂa̠³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /iɑʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /iɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ia⁴⁵/ ～死 /t͡saʔ²/ ～鋼 |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ȵiɑ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ia⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɡaʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɡaʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɡɑʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /a²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /kaʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sɔ⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ia²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ŋɒ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ŋaʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sap̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sat̚³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sat̚³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sat̚³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /at̚³²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sa²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sak̚²/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ŋak̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: 'eat
Rime :
| Character | 軋 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 鎋 (75) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 烏黠切 |
| Baxter | 'eat |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔˠɛt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔᵚæt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəɨt̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /æt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔat̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ya |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | aat$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤrət/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qriːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 軋 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yà |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔɛt › |
| Old Chinese | /*qˁrət/ |
| English | crush |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 軋 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14914 |
| Phonetic component | 乙 |
| Rime group | 質 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 軋 |
| Old Chinese | /*qriːd/ |

#### Definitions

軋
* to crush by weight
    軋棉花／轧棉花 ― yà miánhuā ― to gin cotton
* to oust; to squeeze out
    傾軋／倾轧 ― qīngyà ― to engage in internal strife
* (onomatopoeia) sound of a machine running
* a surname, Ya

##### Synonyms

* (to crush): 碾 (niǎn)
* (to oust): 排擠／排挤 (páijǐ)

#### Compounds

* 傾軋 / 倾轧 (qīngyà)
* 冷軋鋼板 / 冷轧钢板
* 咿軋 / 咿轧
* 嗚軋 / 呜轧
* 坱軋 / 坱轧 (yǎngyà)
* 幽軋 / 幽轧
* 泱軋 / 泱轧
* 軋忽 / 轧忽
* 軋支票 / 轧支票
* 軋染 / 轧染
* 軋棉 / 轧棉 (yàmián)
* 軋然 / 轧然
* 軋紋 / 轧纹
* 軋花 / 轧花 (yàhuā)
* 軋花機 / 轧花机 (yàhuājī)
* 軋製 / 轧制
* 軋路機 / 轧路机
* 軋軋 / 轧轧
* 軋轢 / 轧轹 (yàlì)
* 軋進 / 轧进
* 軋道機 / 轧道机
* 軮軋 / 𬨄轧 (yǎngyà)
* 輥軋 / 辊轧
* 輣軋 / 𰺏轧

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gá (ga$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaat$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$gaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gá
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gá
*** Wade–Giles: ka$^2$
*** Yale: gá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gar
*** Palladius: га (ga)
*** Sinological IPA : /kä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaat$^3$
*** Yale: gaat
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaat$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gad$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːt̚³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$gaq
*** MiniDict: gah$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$gaq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɡaʔ¹²/

#### Definitions

軋
* (dialectal) to jostle; to push against; to squeeze together
* (dialectal) to associate with
    軋朋友／轧朋友 ― gápéngyǒu ― to make friends
* (dialectal) to check

#### Compounds

* 軋一腳 / 轧一脚
* 軋姘頭 / 轧姘头
* 軋帳 / 轧帐
* 軋戲 / 轧戏 (gáxì)
* 軋朋友 / 轧朋友
* 軋牢 / 轧牢
* 軋空 / 轧空
* 軋賬 / 轧账
* 軋頭寸 / 轧头寸
* 軋鬧猛 / 轧闹猛

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhá (zha$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaat$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): că
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chat
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhá
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhá
*** Wade–Giles: cha$^2$
*** Yale: já
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jar
*** Palladius: чжа (čža)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaat$^3$
*** Yale: jaat
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaat$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zad$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːt̚³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: că
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sa²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chat
*** Tâi-lô: tsat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zad
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sat̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sat̚⁵/

#### Definitions

軋
* to roll (steel)
    軋鋼／轧钢 ― zhágāng ― to roll steel

#### Compounds

* 軋機 / 轧机
* 軋輥 / 轧辊
* 軋鋼 / 轧钢
* 軋鋼機 / 轧钢机

### Pronunciation 4

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): a̍h
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: a̍h
*** Tâi-lô: a̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ah
*** IPA (Xiamen): /aʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /aʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /aʔ¹²¹/

#### Definitions

軋
* (Hokkien) to tip over and crush something

### Pronunciation 5

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kauh
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kauh
*** Tâi-lô: kauh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kauq
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /kauʔ³²/

#### Definitions

軋
* (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to crush; to run over; to roll flat (of or by a car)
       I hō͘ chhia kauh sí. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       He was run over to death by a car.
       I sái-chhia khì kauh tio̍h lâng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       He was driving and ran over a person.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* squeak
* creak
* grate

#### Readings

* Go-on: えち (echi)
* Kan-on: あつ (atsu)
* Kun: きしる (kishiru, 軋る)、きしむ (kishimu, 軋む)

## Korean
### Hanja

軋 • (al) (hangeul 알, revised al, McCune–Reischauer al, Yale al)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

軋: Hán Nôm readings: ca, loát, yết
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.