OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# достеменний
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From an earlier adverb достоме́нно (dostoménno), from obsolete *достоіме́нно (*dostoiménno), from досто- (dosto-) +‎ ім'я (imʺja) +‎ -е́нний (-énnyj). Compare Russian и́менно (ímenno).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dɔsteˈmɛnːei̯]

### Adjective

достеме́нний • (dosteménnyj) (adverb достеме́нно, abstract noun достеме́нність)
* real, genuine, actual, true

#### Declension
### References

* Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “достеме́нний”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 115
* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “достеменний”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “достеменний”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “достеменний”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# seacoast
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English see-cost, see-coste, see coost, equivalent to sea +‎ coast. Compare West Frisian seekoast (“seacoast”), Dutch zeekust (“seacoast”), German Seeküste (“seacoast”).

### Noun

seacoast (plural seacoasts)
* The coastal land bordering a sea or ocean.

#### Synonyms

* seashore
* coast
# odl
## Welsh
### Etymology

From awdl.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔdl/, [ˈɔdl̩]

### Noun

odl f (plural odlau)
* rhyme
* (archaic) ode, song

#### Derived terms

* diodl (“rhymeless”)
* lled-odl (“half-rhyme”)
* odli (“to rhyme”)
* prifodl (“chief rhyme”)

#### Related terms

* odliadur (“rhyming dictionary”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# Anthracothorax
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἄνθραξ (ánthrax) + θώραξ (thṓrax).

### Proper noun

Anthracothorax m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Trochilidae – the mangos, New World hummingbirds.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Reptilia – class; Aves – subclass; Neognathae – infraclass; Neoaves – superorder; Apodiformes – order; Trochilidae – family; Trochilinae - subfamily

### References

* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Anthracothorax on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Anthracothorax on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Anthracothorax on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# massbrev
## Swedish
### Etymology

mass- +‎ brev

### Noun

massbrev n
* bulk mail

### Further reading

* massbrev in Svensk ordbok.
# aestimatione
## Latin
### Noun

aestimātiōne f
* ablative singular of aestimātiō
# रस मलाई
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* रसमलाई (rasamlāī), रस-मलाई (ras-malāī)

### Etymology

Calque of Bengali রসমালাই (rośomalai). By surface analysis, रस (ras) +‎ मलाई (malāī).

### Noun

रस मलाई • (ras malāī) f
* ras malai (a kind of South Asian dessert)
# राजस्थान
## Hindi
### Etymology

Compound of राज (rāj, “king”) +‎ स्थान (sthān, “locality”).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɾɑː.d͡ʒəs.t̪ʰɑːn/, [ɾäː.d͡ʒɐs.t̪ʰä̃ːn]

### Proper noun

राजस्थान • (rājasthān) m (Urdu spelling راجستھان)
* Rajasthan (a state in western India)

#### Derived terms

* राजस्थानी (rājasthānī)

#### See also

* अरुणाचल प्रदेश (aruṇācal pradeś)
* आंध्र प्रदेश (āndhra pradeś)
* आसाम (āsām)
* उड़ीसा (uṛīsā)
* उत्तर प्रदेश (uttar pradeś)
* उत्तराखण्ड (uttarākhaṇḍ)
* कर्नाटक (karnāṭak)
* केरलम (kerlam) ~ केरल (keral)
* गुजरात (gujrāt)
* गोवा (govā)
* छत्तीसगढ़ (chattīsgaṛh)
* जम्मू और कश्मीर (jammū aur kaśmīr)
* झारखंड (jhārkhaṇḍ)
* तमिल नाडु (tamil nāḍu)
* तेलंगाना (telaṅgānā)
* त्रिपुरा (tripurā)
* नागालैंड (nāgālaiṇḍ)
* पंजाब (pañjāb)
* पश्चिम बंगाल (paścim baṅgāl)
* बिहार (bihār)
* मणिपुर (maṇipur)
* मध्य प्रदेश (madhya pradeś)
* महाराष्ट्र (mahārāṣṭra)
* मिज़ोरम (mizoram)
* मेघालय (meghālay)
* राजस्थान (rājasthān)
* सिक्किम (sikkim)
* हरियाणा (hariyāṇā)
* हिमाचल प्रदेश (himācal pradeś)

## Marathi
### Etymology

From Sanskrit राजा (rājā, “king”) + स्थान (sthān, “locality”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾa.d͡ʑəs.t̪ʰan/

### Proper noun

राजस्थान • (rājasthān) n
* Rajasthan (a state in western India)

#### Derived terms

* राजस्थानी (rājasthānī)

#### See also

* अरुणाचल प्रदेश (aruṇācal pradeś)
* आंध्रप्रदेश (āndhrapradeś)
* आसाम (āsām)
* उत्तरप्रदेश (uttarapradeś)
* उत्तराखंड (uttarākhaṇḍa)
* ओडिशा (oḍiśā)
* कर्नाटक (karnāṭak)
* केरळ (keraḷ)
* गुजरात (gujrāt)
* गोवा (govā)
* छत्तीसगड (chattīsgaḍ)
* जम्मू काश्मीर (jammū kāśmīr)
* झारखंड (j̈hārkhaṇḍa)
* तमिळनाडू (tamiḷnāḍū) ~ तामिळनाडू (tāmiḷnāḍū)
* त्रिपुरा (tripurā)
* नागालँड (nāgālĕṇḍa)
* पंजाब (pañjāb)
* पश्चिम बंगाल (paścim baṅgāl)
* बिहार (bihār)
* मणिपूर (maṇipūr)
* मध्यप्रदेश (madhyapradeś)
* महाराष्ट्र (mahārāṣṭra)
* मिझोराम (mijhorām)
* मेघालय (meghālay)
* राजस्थान (rājasthān)
* सिक्कीम (sikkīm)
* हरियाणा (hariyāṇā)
* हिमाचल प्रदेश (himācal pradeś)
# naonúr
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* naonbhar, naonmhar

### Etymology

From Old Irish nónbar.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /n̪ˠeːˈn̪ˠuːɾˠ/
* (Connacht) IPA: /ˈn̪ˠiːnˠuːɾˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈn̪ˠʌnˠuɾˠ/, /ˈn̪ˠɨ̞nˠuɾˠ/

### Noun

naonúr m (genitive singular naonúir, nominative plural naonúir) (triggers no mutation)
* a group of nine people
    Tá naonúr breithiúna sa chúirt. ― There are nine judges in the court.

#### Usage notes

* Generally used with the genitive plural when referring to human beings; also sometimes used with other nouns, especially if the things they denote are being personified.

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
naonúr
naonúir
vocative
a naonúir
a naonúra
genitive
naonúir
naonúr
dative
naonúr
naonúir
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an naonúr
na naonúir
genitive
an naonúir
na naonúr
dative
leis an naonúr don naonúr
leis na naonúir :

#### Related terms

* naoi (“nine”) (non-personal)

### References

* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 26

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “naonúr”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “naonúr”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “naonúr”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “nónbor”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “naonḃar”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 508
# massjukskrivning
## Swedish
### Etymology

mass- +‎ sjukskrivning

### Noun

massjukskrivning c
* large-scale sickness absence

### Further reading

* massjukskrivning in Svensk ordbok.
# ärkerival
## Swedish
### Etymology

ärke- +‎ rival

### Noun

ärkerival c
* an archrival

#### Declension
### Further reading

* ärkerival in Svensk ordbok.
# jordlukt
## Swedish
### Etymology

jord +‎ lukt

### Noun

jordlukt c
* earthy smell

### Further reading

* jordlukt in Svensk ordbok.
# bilolycka
## Swedish
### Etymology

bil +‎ olycka

### Noun

bilolycka c
* a car accident

#### Declension
### Further reading

* bilolycka in Svensk ordbok.
# lättna
## Swedish
### Etymology

lätt +‎ -na

### Verb

lättna (present lättnar, preterite lättnade, supine lättnat, imperative lättna)
* lighten

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Related terms

* lätt
* lätta
* lättnad

### Further reading

* lättna in Svensk ordbok.
# uppehälle
## Swedish
### Noun

uppehälle n
* subsistence, livelihood (that which is needed to survive; food, money and accommodation)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* uppehälle in Svensk ordbok.
* -hälle in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
# mejsel
## Danish
### Etymology

From German Meissel, from Proto-Germanic *maitilaz. Compare Old High German meizil, Old Norse meitill from Old High German meizan, Old Norse meita. See mede.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmɑjˀsəl/

### Noun

mejsel c (singular definite mejslen, plural indefinite mejsler)
* chisel

#### Derived terms

* mejselbor
* mejseldannet
* mejselformet
* mejselgravet
* mejselhammer
* mejselskib
* mejselslag
* mejselstaal
* mejseltand

### References

* “mejsel” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Swedish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Meißel, from Old High German meizil, from Proto-Germanic *maitilaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmɛjsɛl/

### Noun

mejsel c
* a chisel
    Synonym: huggmejsel
* a screwdriver
    Synonym: skruvmejsel

#### Derived terms

* diktmejsel
* gradmejsel
* huggmejsel
* krysskruvmejsel
* kryssmejsel
* krysspårsmejsel
* skrotmejsel
* skruvmejsel
* stjärnskruvmejsel

#### Related terms

* mejsla (“to chisel”)

### Further reading

* mejsel in Svensk ordbok.
* mejsel in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
# jämnställa
## Swedish
### Verb

jämnställa (present jämnställer, preterite jämnställde, supine jämnställt, imperative jämnställ)
* Obsolete form of jämställa.

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

### Further reading

* jämnställa in Svensk ordbok.
# påslagen
## Swedish
### Participle

påslagen
* past participle of slå på

### Adjective

påslagen
* (of machines, etc) turned on; functioning; activated
    Antonym: avslagen
    Datorn är påslagen.The computer is on.

### Noun

påslagen
* definite plural of påslag

### Further reading

* påslagen in Svensk ordbok.
# vattenånga
## Swedish
### Etymology

vatten +‎ ånga

### Noun

vattenånga c
* water vapour/water vapor

#### Declension
### Further reading

* vattenånga in Svensk ordbok.
# bandsåg
## Swedish
### Etymology

From band +‎ såg.

### Noun

bandsåg c
* band saw

#### Declension
### Further reading

* bandsåg in Svensk ordbok.
# långvarig
## Swedish
### Etymology

lång (“long”) +‎ vara (“to be”) +‎ -ig.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²lɔŋˌvɑːrɪ(ɡ)/

### Adjective

långvarig (comparative långvarigare, superlative långvarigast)
* lengthy, prolonged
    Antonym: kortvarig

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

### Further reading

* långvarig in Svensk ordbok.
# uppträda
## Swedish
### Etymology

From upp +‎ träda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɵpːˈtrɛːˌda/

### Verb

uppträda (present uppträder, preterite uppträdde, supine uppträtt, imperative uppträd)
* to perform
    Snart är det Karls tur att uppträda med sin gitarr.Soon it is Karl's turn to perform with his guitar.
* to behave
    Han uppträder som om han vore fem år.He behaves like he's five years old.
* to happen.

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Related terms

* uppträdande
* uppträde

### Further reading

* uppträda in Svensk ordbok.
# kulring
## Swedish
### Noun

kulring c
* (engineering) caged ball bearing

### Further reading

* kulring in Svensk ordbok.
# ᮈᮔ᮪ᮒᮦᮂ
## Sundanese
### Noun

ᮈᮔ᮪ᮒᮦᮂ • (entéh)
* Sundanese spelling of entéh‎
# gräddbulle
## Swedish
### Etymology

Compound of grädde (“cream”) +‎ bulle (“bun”). Possibly a calque of Danish flødebolle.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²ɡrɛdˌbɵlɛ/

### Noun

gräddbulle c
* (Scania) a pastry consisting of a filling made out of eggwhites coated with chocolate and often covered in coconut flakes: a chocolate teacake

#### Usage notes

* Also chiefly in neighbouring provinces Småland and Halland.

#### Synonyms

* gräddmunk
* kokosboll
* kokosmunk (western Sweden)
* skumboll

### References

* Gräddbulle, kokosboll, munk – kärt bakverk har många namn! . Swedish Institute for Language and Folklore. 1 februari 2015.

### Further reading

* gräddbulle in Svensk ordbok.
# gubbakvart
## Swedish
### Noun

gubbakvart c
* a short nap

### Further reading

* gubbakvart in Svensk ordbok.
# gammaldags
## Swedish
### Etymology

From gammal +‎ dag.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

gammaldags (neuter singular, definite singular and plural gammaldags)
* old-fashioned

### Further reading

* gammaldags in Svensk ordbok.
# ärtskocka
## Swedish
### Etymology

From Northern Italian articiocco, from Provençal archichaut, arquichaut, from Old Spanish alcarchofa, from Andalusian Arabic الْخَرْشُوف (al-ḵaršūf), from Arabic الْخُرْشُوف (al-ḵuršūf).

### Noun

ärtskocka c
* Synonym of kronärtskocka
* Synonym of jordärtskocka

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Elcock, W. D. (1960) The Romance Languages‎, page 282: "Borrowed directly from the Qairawān–Sicily region, without the article, the same Arabic word appears in Italian as carciofo; the Spanish form penetrated, however, into Provence, where it became archichaut, arquichaut, and thence into northern Italy as articiocco".
* ↑ “alcachofa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Further reading

* ärtskocka in Svensk ordbok.
# fångare
## Swedish
### Etymology

fånga +‎ -are

### Noun

fångare c
* a catcher; person or animal that catches (used mainly in compounds)
* a tool used for catching

#### Declension
### Further reading

* fångare in Svensk ordbok.
# 摳門
## Chinese
### Etymology

    From: 《持續攻堅創效|年輕人「摳」起來真狠》
    Gǔshíhòu yǒu yīge cáizhǔ, àicáirúmìng. Qù sìlǐ shāoxiāng kànjiàn miàoménshàng shuāde jīnfěn, tā dōuyào kōule dàizǒu, yúshì “kōumén” jiù dànshēngle. Yóucǐkějiàn “kōumén” bìngbù guāngcǎi. [Pinyin]
    In ancient times there was a rich man, who loved riches like his life. When he went inside the temple to burn incense he saw that the door was painted with gold dust, and wished to scrape it off and take it away with him, and so "door-scraper" [stingy] was born. From this it can be seen that being "stingy" is not honorable.
    From: 百度百科
    Lìnsè dào lián ge ménbǎshǒu dōu shěbùdé zhuāng, kāimén de shíhòu zhǐhǎo yòng shǒu qù kōu ménféng. [Pinyin]
    Stingy to the point of being unwilling to install door handles, instead resorting to digging out the door by the crack between it and its frame.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kōumén
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄡ ㄇㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kau$^1$ mun$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kōumén
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄡ ㄇㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: koumén
*** Wade–Giles: kʻou$^1$-mên$^2$
*** Yale: kōu-mén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koumen
*** Palladius: коумэнь (koumɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰoʊ̯⁵⁵ mən³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (摳門兒 / 抠门儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kōuménr
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄡ ㄇㄣˊㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kouménr
*** Wade–Giles: kʻou$^1$-mên$^2$-ʼrh
*** Yale: kōu-ménr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koumel
*** Palladius: коумэньр (koumɛnʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰoʊ̯⁵⁵ məɻ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kau$^1$ mun$^4$
*** Yale: kāu mùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kau$^1$ mun$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: keo$^1$ mun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐu̯⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

### Adjective

摳門
* (colloquial) stingy; miserly; cheap

#### Synonyms

* 吝嗇 / 吝啬 (lìnsè)
* 小氣 / 小气 (xiǎoqì)
* 慳吝 / 悭吝 (qiānlìn) (literary)
* 摳 / 抠 (kōu)
* 窮相 / 穷相 (qióngxiàng) (literary or regional)
* 鄙吝 (bǐlìn) (literary)
# ܣܡܪܢܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَسْمَر (ʔasmar), through ܣܲܡܪܵܐ (samrā, “suntan, tan”) +‎ -ܢܐ (-ānā, the adjectival ending). Doublet of ܐܲܣܡܲܪ (asmar).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [sam.rɑːnɑː]

### Adjective

ܣܲܡܪܵܢܵܐ • (samrānā) (feminine ܣܲܡܪܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (samrānīṯā), plural ܣܲܡܪ̈ܵܢܹܐ (samrānē))
* dark-skinned
* brown, tan, tawny, deep yellow

#### Coordinate terms

Colors in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic · ܓܵܘܢܹ̈ܐ (gāwnē) (layout · text) :
| ܚܘܵܪܵܐ (ḥwārā) | ܩܛܘܿܡܵܐ (qṭōmā) | ܐ݇ܟܘܿܡܵܐ (kōmā) |
| ܣܡܘܿܩܵܐ (smōqā); ܩܸܪܡܝܼܙܵܐ (qirmīzā) | ܐ݇ܛܪܘܿܓ݂ܵܐ (ṭrōḡā); ܦܘܼܪܬܩܵܠܵܐ (purtqālā); ܫܚܘܿܡܵܐ (šḥōmā) | ܫܥܘܿܬ݂ܵܐ (šˁōṯā); ܙܵܪܓܵܐ (zārgā) |
| ܠܲܝܡܵܐ (laymā) | ܝܲܪܘܿܩܵܐ (yarōqā) | ܩܝܼܢܵܐ (qīnā) |
| ܟܝܵܢܵܐ (kyānā) | ܙܪܘܿܩܵܐ (zrōqā) | ܡܝܼܠܵܐ (mīlā) |
| ܒܵܢܲܦ̮ܫܵܐ (bānafšā); ܡܲܝܩܵܐ (mayqā) | ܦ̮ܘܼܫܝܼܵܐ (fūšīyā); ܐܲܪܓܘܵܢܵܐ (argwānā) | ܘܲܪܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ (warōḏā) |

#### Derived terms

* ܣܲܡܪܵܢܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (samrānūṯā)
# hiri
## Banjarese
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiʀih. Cognate with Indonesian iri, Sundanese hiri.

### Adjective

hiri (Jawi script هيري)
* envious
    Jangan bahirian. ― Don't be envious towards each other.

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Navarro-Lapurdian) /hiɾi/ [hi.ɾi]
* IPA: (Southern) /iɾi/ [i.ɾi]
* Rhymes: -iɾi, -i
* Hyphenation: hi‧ri

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Basque *(h)ili.

#### Noun

hiri inan
* city

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Pronoun

hiri
* dative of hi

## Gothic
### Romanization

hiri
* Romanization of 𐌷𐌹𐍂𐌹

## Old Sundanese
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiʀih. Cognate with Indonesian iri.

### Adjective

hiri
* envious
    Synonym: dengki
** 1518, Sanghyang Siksa Kandang Karesian:"...mulah hiri mulah dengki deung deungeun sakahulunan.""...do not be envious or jealous with thy fellow servants."

#### Descendants

* > Sundanese: hiri (inherited)

## Sundanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Sundanese hiri, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qiʀih. Cognate with Indonesian iri.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hi.ri/

### Adjective

hiri (Sundanese script ᮠᮤᮛᮤ)
* envious
    Synonym: dengki
    Tong silih pahiri-hiri. ― Don't be envious towards each other.
# 斂衽
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liǎnrèn, liànrèn
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˇ ㄖㄣˋ, ㄌㄧㄢˋ ㄖㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lim$^5$ jam$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liǎnrèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˇ ㄖㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liǎnrèn
*** Wade–Giles: lien$^3$-jên$^4$
*** Yale: lyǎn-rèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leanrenn
*** Palladius: ляньжэнь (ljanʹžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liànrèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ ㄖㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liànrèn
*** Wade–Giles: lien$^4$-jên$^4$
*** Yale: lyàn-rèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liannrenn
*** Palladius: ляньжэнь (ljanʹžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐən⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lim$^5$ jam$^6$
*** Yale: líhm yahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lim$^5$ jam$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lim$^5$ yem$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /liːm¹³ jɐm²²/

### Verb

斂衽
* (literary) to straighten one's lapel; to show respect
    From: Liu Yiqing (editor), A New Account of the Tales of the World, 5th century CE
    Zhāng yīn zhèngzuò liǎnrèn, wáng shú shì liángjiǔ, bù duì. [Pinyin]
    As Zhang (Xuan) was sitting upright and showing respect, Wang (Jianwu) looked at him for a long time, and did not respond.
# Руслан
## Russian
### Alternative forms

* Русла́нъ (Ruslán) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Tatar арыслан (arıslan), from Proto-Turkic *arsïlan (“lion”). Cognate with English Aslan/English Arslan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rʊsˈɫan]

### Proper noun

Русла́н • (Ruslán) m anim (genitive Русла́на, nominative plural Русла́ны, genitive plural Русла́нов)
* a male given name, Ruslan, feminine equivalent Русла́на (Ruslána)

#### Descendants
##### Transliterations

* English: Ruslan

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Tatar арыслан (arıslan), from Proto-Turkic *arsïlan (“lion”). Cognate with English Aslan/English Arslan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rʊsˈɫan]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Русла́н • (Ruslán) m pers (genitive Русла́на, nominative plural Русла́ни, genitive plural Русла́нів, feminine Русла́на, relational adjective Русла́нівський)
* a male given name, Ruslan

#### Derived terms

* Русла́нович (Ruslánovyč) (male patronymic)
* Русла́нівна (Ruslánivna) (female patronymic)

### Proper noun

Русла́н • (Ruslán) f pers
* inflection of Русла́на (Ruslána):
** genitive plural
** accusative plural
# aligbangon
## Hanunoo
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔaliɡˈbaŋun/ [ʔa.lɪɡˈbɐ.ŋon]
* Rhymes: -aŋun
* Syllabification: a‧lig‧ba‧ngon

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

aligbangon (Hanunoo spelling ᜠᜮᜲᜤ᜴ᜪᜥᜳᜨ᜴)
* getting up fast; jumping to one's feet from sound sleep or from sleeping posture

##### Related terms

* bangon

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

aligbangon (Hanunoo spelling ᜠᜮᜲᜤ᜴ᜪᜥᜳᜨ᜴) (botany)
* a species of shrub from the Commelinaceae family

### Further reading

* Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 25
# Kosa
## English
### Etymology

Various:
* From a Slavic language, e.g. Polish Kosa, Slovak Kosa, Ukrainian коса (kosa); from Proto-Slavic *kosa.
* From Hungarian Kósa.

### Proper noun

Kosa (plural Kosas)
* A surname.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Kosa is the 34110th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 666 individuals. Kosa is most common among White (92.04%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Kosa”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 340.

### Anagrams

* koas, oaks, okas, soak

## Polish
### Etymology

From kosa (“scythe”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɔ.sa/
* Rhymes: -ɔsa
* Syllabification: Ko‧sa
* Homophone: kosa

### Proper noun

Kosa m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Kosa f (traditional married form Kosina, traditional unmarried form Kosianka)
* a female surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Kosa”, in Internetowy słownik nazwisk w Polsce [Internet dictionary of surnames in Poland], 2022
# Cliffe
## English
### Etymology

From Old English clif (“cliff, crag”).

### Proper noun

Cliffe (countable and uncountable, plural Cliffes)
* A place in England:
** A village in Cliffe and Cliffe Woods parish, Medway borough, Kent (OS grid ref TQ7376).
** A suburb of Great Harwood, Hyndburn district, Lancashire (OS grid ref SD7332).
** A small village and civil parish (served by Manfield with Cliffe Parish Council) in North Yorkshire, previously in Richmondshire district (OS grid ref NZ2115).
** A village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, previously in Selby district (OS grid ref SE6632).
* A habitational surname from Old English.

#### Derived terms

* Cliffe and Cliffe Woods
* Cliffe Common
* Cliffe Vale (also Cliff Vale)
* Cliffe Woods
* King's Cliffe
* Normanton-on-Cliffe
* St Margaret's at Cliffe
* West Cliffe, Westcliffe

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Cliffe is the 51066th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 408 individuals. Cliffe is most common among White (92.65%) individuals.

### References

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Cliffe”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 1, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 345.
* ↑ List of United Kingdom locations: Cl-Cn on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* ↑ Parish map (Richmondshire)
# alik-alik
## Hanunoo
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔalikˈʔalik/ [ʔa.lɪkˈʔa.lɪk]
* Rhymes: -alik
* Syllabification: a‧lik-a‧lik

### Noun

alik-alik (Hanunoo spelling ᜠᜮᜲᜣ᜴ᜠᜮᜲᜣ᜴) (zootomy)
* gill (breathing organ of fish)

### Further reading

* Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 25
# Xianju
## English
### Etymology

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 仙居 (Xiānjū).

### Proper noun

Xianju
* A county of Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.