# 死

| 死 | U+6B7B, &#27515; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B7B |
| ← 歺 [U+6B7A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 歼 → [U+6B7C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

死 (Kangxi radical 78, 歹+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一弓心 (MNP), four-corner 1021$_2$, composition ⿸歹匕 or ⿱一⿰夕匕)

#### Derived characters

* 𭇟, 𫪔, 𦎄, 𩊢, 𮬳, 㱝, 㰷, 𬆘, 𣣌, 𬆜, 㘸, 𢍈, 𭜨, 𣑘, 𭻏, 𭮓, 𧵲, 𣩁, 𨱼
* 屍, 毙, 𣨀, 𤽨, 𥥱, 𬆗, 臰, 𣨰, 𣨻, 𣩂, 𣩇, 𭮜, 𣩖, 𩫓, 薨, 薧, 斃, 𣩴, 𣩸, 塟, 葬

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 578, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16365
* Dae Jaweon: page 970, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1380, character 6
* Unihan data for U+6B7B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 死 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 歹 (“carcass”) + 人 (“person”) – death.

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *səj.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): sǐ (si$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄙˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si$^3$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): sì
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): sǐ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): сы (sɨ, II)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sei$^2$ / si$^2$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): sai$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhei$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): si$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sí
    (Hailu, HRS): si$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): xi$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): si$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): sǐ
* Eastern Min (BUC): sī / sṳ̄
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): si$^3$ / so$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sí / sú / sír
    (Teochew, Peng'im): si$^2$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): xi$^2$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): si$^2$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^5$shi / $^3$si / $^3$shi / $^5$sy / $^3$sy
** (Jinhua): $^3$sy
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): sr$^3$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): sr$^3$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): sr$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄙˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sǐh
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^3$
*** Yale: sž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syy
*** Palladius: сы (sy)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: si$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: sì
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵³/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: sǐ
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): si$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /si¹¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сы (sɨ, II)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sei$^2$ / si$^2$
*** Yale: séi / sí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sei$^2$ / si$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: séi$^2$ / xi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sei̯³⁵/, /siː³⁵/
* sei2 - vernacular;
* si2 - literary (rare).
* Middle Chinese: sijX
Rime :
| Character | 死 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (17) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 息姊切 |
| Baxter | sijX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sˠiɪ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sᵚi$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /siɪ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sji$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /sji$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /si$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*sijʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljiʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 死 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sij$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*sijʔ/ |
| English | die (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 死 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12006 |
| Phonetic component | 死 |
| Rime group | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 死 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljiʔ/ |

### Definitions

死
* die; death
** (intransitive) to die
    必死無疑／必死无疑 ― bì sǐ wúyí ― will die without a doubt
       keoi$^5$ loeng$^5$ nin$^4$ cin$^4$ ji$^5$ ging$^1$ sei$^2$ zo$^2$. [Jyutping]
       He already died two years ago.
       Gāoxiào xuéshēng shítáng chī chū sǐ lǎoshǔ. [Pinyin]
       A dead mouse was found in college cafeteria food.
    食死自己 [Cantonese] ― sik$^6$ sei$^2$ zi$^6$ gei$^2$ [Jyutping] ― to "eat oneself to death" (endanger oneself with eating habits)
       nei$^5$ gam$^2$ joeng$^{6-2}$ baai$^2$ wui$^5$ dit$^3$ sei$^2$ jan$^4$. [Jyutping]
       Placing it so is a serious tripping hazard.
       go$^2$ si$^4$ sei$^2$ zo$^2$ m$^4$ siu$^2$ jan$^4$. [Jyutping]
       A number of people died at the time.
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Jiàn qí shēng, bùrěn jiàn qí sǐ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: Wu Jingzi, The Scholars, 1750 CE
    Zhè rén xìng Wáng míng Miǎn, zài Zhūjì Xiàn xiāngcūn lǐ zhù. Qī suì shàng sǐ le fùqīn, tā mǔqīn zuò diǎn zhēnzhǐ gōnggěi tā dào cūn xuétáng lǐ qù dúshū. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
*** (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, transitive) to die for the sake of; to sacrifice oneself for; to die together with someone
    死節／死节 ― sǐjié ― to die for honour
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Gù jūn wèi shèjì sǐ, zé sǐ zhī. [Pinyin]
    So, if a lord is killed fulfilling his duty to the divinities of the land, one joins him in death.
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Móu rén zhī jūn shī, bài zé sǐ zhī. [Pinyin]
    He who has given counsel to another about his army should die with it when it is defeated.
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Jīn wáng yì sǐ, jǔ dàjì yì sǐ, děng sǐ, sǐ guó kěhū? [Pinyin]
    At this moment, certain death awaits us no matter whether we escape as fugitives or rouse ourselves to a grand cause. One death is just as good as another; shall we not rather die for our lost fatherland?
    From: c. 174 BCE, Jia Yi (賈誼), The Owl (《鵩鳥賦》). Translated by Burton Watson.
    Tānfū xùncái, lièshì xùnmíng. Kuāzhě sǐquán, pǐnshù měishēng. [Pinyin]
    The covetous run after riches, The impassioned pursue a fair name; The proud die struggling for power, While the people long only to live.
** (only in compounds) deadly; fatal; killing; to the death
    死刑 ― sǐxíng ― capital punishment
    死戰／死战 ― sǐzhàn ― deadly battle; fight to the death
** inactive
    死機／死机 ― sǐjī ― (of a computer system) to crash
    死結／死结 ― sǐjié ― encased knot
       Lù bèi lājī dǔ sǐ le. [Pinyin]
       The road is blocked by trash.
* (colloquial) Used as intensifier.
** (colloquial) very; bloody; totally
    我累死了。 ― Wǒ lèi sǐ le. ― I'm dead tired.
    嘈死！ [Cantonese] ― cou$^4$ sei$^2$! [Jyutping] ― Keep it down! (lit. You're being really noisy!)
    熱死／热死 [Teochew] ― ruah$^8$ si$^2$ [Peng'im] ― really hot
** (offensive) damned; damn
       nei$^1$ go$^3$ sei$^2$ aa$^3$ baak$^3$ m$^4$ sik$^1$ zaa$^1$ ce$^1$. [Jyutping]
       This damn geezer can't drive.
    死鬼佬 [Cantonese] ― sei$^2$ gwai$^2$ lou$^2$ [Jyutping] ― goddamn white
       zou$^6$ zo$^2$ gam$^3$ sei$^2$ do$^1$ ci$^3$, ngo$^5$ zung$^6$ m$^4$ sik$^1$ zou$^6$ me$^1$? [Jyutping]
       I've done it so darn many times already, and you think I wouldn't know how to do it by now?
** (slang, offensive) to disappear; to go; (as in "where the hell did ... go")
       go$^2$ zi$^1$ sei$^2$ jan$^4$ jyun$^4$ zi$^2$ bat$^1$ sei$^2$ zo$^2$ heoi$^3$ bin$^1$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping]
       Where's that goddamn pen?
       Nǐ zhège sǐrén sǐ dào nǎlǐ qù le, dǎ shǒujī yě bù jiē. [Pinyin]
       Where the hell have you been? Why are you not answering my calls? (said by wife)
       keoi$^5$ dei$^6$ gam$^1$ ci$^3$ sei$^2$ zo$^2$ heoi$^3$ bin$^1$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping]
       Where'd they fuck off to this time?
    死返屋企 [Cantonese] ― sei$^2$ faan$^1$ uk$^1$ kei$^2$ [Jyutping] ― to fuck off back to one's home
*** 2002, chapter 1 (21m50s from the start), in 七十二家房客‎:
       a$^1$ dêg$^4$ go$^1$ gui$^2$! si$^2$ cug$^4$ lai$^5$! si$^2$ cug$^4$ lai$^5$ gah$^4$ ua$^2$ sio$^1$ mê$^7$ [Peng'im]
       Wretched Bamboo Pole! Come the hell out here! Come the hell out here and let me berate you.
** (Cantonese) awful
    死囉！／死啰！ [Cantonese] ― sei$^2$ lo$^3$! [Jyutping] ― Oh no!
    From: 黄俊英《肥仔米》
    lung$^4$ ge$^3$! sei$^2$ m$^4$ sei$^2$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping]
    [He's] deaf! Isn't that awful?
* (Cantonese, Southern Min) persistently; stubbornly
       keoi$^5$ sei$^2$ dou$^1$ m$^4$ hang$^2$ gong$^2$. [Jyutping]
       He absolutely refuses to speak. (lit. He is persistently not willing to say it.)
       ni$^1$ fan$^6$ gung$^1$ keoi$^5$ zou$^6$ sei$^2$ saam$^1$ sap$^6$ nin$^4$. [Jyutping]
       He has been stubbornly doing this job for thirty years.
* (Southern Min) closely; firmly; tightly
* (Cantonese) screwed
       zou$^6$ jau$^6$ sei$^2$, m$^4$ zou$^6$ jau$^6$ sei$^2$ [Jyutping]
       screwed if I do, screwed if I don't

#### Usage notes

* The adjective 死 ("dead, inactive, etc.") cannot be used as a predicative adjective. The sentence *這隻狗死 generally does not mean "This dog is dead". For the meaning "is dead", usually the verb 死 in the perfect aspect ("to have died") is used instead:
    這隻狗死了。／这只狗死了。 ― Zhè zhī gǒu sǐ le. ― This dog has died.
* The verb 死 ("to die") lacks a present meaning and denotes either past (in perfect aspect) or future (not in perfect aspect) events. It cannot be modified by the progressive aspect marker 正在 (zhèngzài) or 著／着 (zhe).
    不死 ― bùsǐ ― "will not die", immortal
    沒死／没死 ― méi sǐ ― "did not die", alive

#### Synonyms

* (to die):
* 下世 (xiàshì) (formal)
* 上天 (shàngtiān) (euphemistic)
* 上路 (shànglù) (euphemistic)
* 不在 (bùzài) (euphemistic)
* 不幸 (bùxìng) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
* 不祿 / 不禄 (bùlù) (archaic, euphemistic, of military officers)
* 亡
* 亡故 (wánggù) (literary)
* 仙逝 (xiānshì) (euphemistic)
* 仙遊 / 仙游 (xiānyóu) (euphemistic)
* 作古 (zuògǔ) (literary, euphemistic)
* 做鬼 (zuòguǐ) (colloquial)
* 傾世 / 倾世 (qīngshì) (literary)
* 傾亡 / 倾亡 (qīngwáng) (literary)
* 入寂 (rùjì) (Buddhism, of Buddhist monks)
* 凋謝 / 凋谢 (diāoxiè) (to die of old age)
* 化去 (huàqù) (euphemistic)
* 升天 (shēngtiān) (euphemistic)
* 即世 (jíshì) (literary)
* 去世 (qùshì)
* 合眼 (héyǎn) (euphemistic)
* 喪亡 / 丧亡 (sàngwáng) (literary)
* 喪命 / 丧命 (sàngmìng) (euphemistic)
* 喪生 / 丧生 (sàngshēng) (euphemistic)
* 嗚呼 / 呜呼 (wūhū) (euphemistic)
* 嗝屁 (gěpì) (Mandarin, vulgar, dysphemistic)
* 嚥氣 / 咽气 (yànqì) (colloquial)
* 回老家 (huí lǎojiā) (euphemistic, humorous)
* 圓寂 / 圆寂 (yuánjì) (of Buddhist monks or nuns)
* 壽終正寢 / 寿终正寝 (shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn) (euphemistic)
* 失氣 / 失气 (shīqì) (literary)
* 安息 (ānxī) (euphemistic)
* 安眠 (ānmián) (euphemistic)
* 小喇叭兒吹了 / 小喇叭儿吹了 (xiǎo lǎbār chuī le) (Beijing Mandarin)
* 就義 / 就义 (jiùyì) (to die a martyr)
* 崩 (bēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
* 崩殂 (bēngcú) (Classical, of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
* 彈老三 / 弹老三 (Northern Wu, informal, humorous)
* 往生 (wǎngshēng) (euphemistic)
* 忽然 (hūrán) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
* 掛 / 挂 (guà) (slang, humorous)
* 故 (gù)
* 故世 (gùshì) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
* 故去 (gùqù) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
* 斃命 / 毙命 (bìmìng) (pejorative)
* 早死 (zǎosǐ)
* 晏駕 / 晏驾 (yànjià) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
* 枯死 (kūsǐ) (literary, figurative)
* 棄世 / 弃世 (qìshì) (literary)
* 歸天 / 归天 (guītiān) (euphemistic)
* 歸西 / 归西 (guīxī) (euphemistic)
* 歸道山 / 归道山 (guī dàoshān) (literary, euphemistic)
* 死亡 (sǐwáng) (formal)
* 死人 (sǐrén)
* 死去 (sǐqù) (informal)
* 死掉 (sǐdiào) (informal)
* 死翹翹 / 死翘翘 (sǐqiàoqiào) (informal, humorous)
* 死脫 / 死脱 ($^5$shi-theq) (Wu)
* 殞 / 殒 (yǔn) (archaic)
* 氣絕 / 气绝 (qìjué) (literary)
* 永眠 (yǒngmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
* 沒世 / 没世 (mòshì) (literary)
* 沉眠 (chénmián) (euphemistic)
* 消忒 (Hakka, euphemistic)
* 物化 (wùhuà) (literary)
* 狗帶 / 狗带 (gǒudài) (slang, neologism)
* 畢命 / 毕命 (bìmìng) (formal, euphemistic)
* 病亡 (bìngwáng) (to die of illness)
* 病故 (bìnggù) (to die of illness)
* 病死 (bìngsǐ) (to die of illness)
* 病逝 (bìngshì) (to die of illness)
* 瘐死 (yǔsǐ) (of deaths in prison)
* 百年歸老 / 百年归老 (bǎiniánguīlǎo) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
* 盡命 / 尽命 (jìnmìng) (literary, euphemistic)
* 終 / 终 (zhōng) (literary, or in compounds, euphemistic)
* 絕 / 绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
* 翹辮子 / 翘辫子 (qiào biànzi) (informal, humorous)
* 老了 (lǎo le) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
* 蒙主寵召 / 蒙主宠召 (méngzhǔchǒngzhào) (Christianity, euphemistic)
* 薨 (hōng) (Classical Chinese, of feudal lords or high officials)
* 薨逝 (hōngshì) (of feudal lords)
* 被難 / 被难 (bèinàn) (to be killed in a disaster, political incident, etc.)
* 見背 / 见背 (jiànbèi) (literary, of one's parents or elders)
* 見閻王 / 见阎王 (jiàn Yánwáng) (figurative)
* 見馬克思 / 见马克思 (jiàn Mǎkèsī) (communism, euphemistic)
* 謝世 / 谢世 (xièshì) (literary)
* 賓天 / 宾天 (bīntiān) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
* 走 (zǒu) (euphemistic)
* 走去踮 (Hokkien, euphemistic)
* 身亡 (shēnwáng) (formal, usually from unnatural causes)
* 辭世 / 辞世 (císhì) (literary)
* 辭塵 / 辞尘 (cíchén) (literary, euphemistic)
* 逝世 (shìshì)
* 進棺材 / 进棺材 (jìn guāncái)
* 過世 / 过世 (guòshì)
* 過去 / 过去 (guòqù) (euphemistic)
* 過往 / 过往 (Hokkien, euphemistic, Teochew, euphemistic)
* 過身 / 过身 (guòshēn) (literary)
* 過面 / 过面 (Hokkien)
* 長山賣鴨卵 / 长山卖鸭卵 (Hakka, euphemistic)
* 長眠 / 长眠 (chángmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
* 閉眼 / 闭眼 (bìyǎn) (euphemistic)
* 隕落 / 陨落 (yǔnluò) (euphemistic)
* 離世 / 离世 (líshì) (euphemistic)
* 駕崩 / 驾崩 (jiàbēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
* 駕鶴西去 / 驾鹤西去 (jiàhèxīqù) (euphemistic)
* 駕鶴西遊 / 驾鹤西游 (jiàhèxīyóu) (euphemistic)
* 龍馭上賓 / 龙驭上宾 (lóngyùshàngbīn) (of an emperor)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 死, 亡, 歿, 卒 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 死, 死亡, 亡故, 喪生, 喪命, 去世 †, 過世 †, 逝世 †, 離世 †, 下世 †, 不在 †, 過去 †, 仙逝 †, 歸天 †, 歸西 †, 升天 †, 作古 †, 長眠 †, 閉眼 †, 故去 †, ‡, 故世 †, ‡, 一命嗚呼, 謝世, 離開人間 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 死, 撂, 撂條, 故去 †, 吹燈 †, 吹燈拔蠟 †, 吹臺 †, 老 †, ‡, 踹腿 ¤, 踹腿兒 ¤, 踹 ¤, 回姥姥家 ¤, 彎回去 †, 毛兒提 Hui |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 死, 過世 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 死, 老 †, ‡, 伸腿兒 ¤, 伸腿 ¤, 蹬腿兒 ¤, 奔兒咕 ¤, 桿兒屁 §, 桿兒細 §, 吹燈拔蠟 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 死, 死掉, 死翹翹, 過世 †, 去世 †, 上天堂 †, 賣鹹鴨蛋 † |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 死, 歿, 過去 †, 老 †, ‡, 不在 †, ‡, 王八 §, 完蛋, 完錢, 完活, 無常 Hui, 歸主 Hui, 歸真 Hui |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 死, 老 †, ‡, 上西天 § |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 死, 過去, 過世, 下世, 亡故, 不在, 升天, 去世 †, 老 †, ‡, 擱那兒 ¤ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 死, 歿, 老 †, ‡ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 死, 不在 †, 老 †, ‡, 無常 Hui |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 歿 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 死, 走 †, 歿 Hui, 歸真 Hui, 冒提 Hui, 口喚 Hui, 無常 Hui, 完 Hui |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 死, 過世 †, 緩下 †, 躺下 † |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 死, 過世 †, 不在 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 死, 過去 †, 不在 †, 去 †, 過世 †, 老 †, ‡, 撬桿兒 §, 撬桿 §, 翹辮子 §, 見馬克思, 歸天, 去陰國, 爬高煙囪, 落氣, 冰凊, 沒脈 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 死, 過身 †, 去 †, 老 †, ‡, 去回 ¤, 翹辮子 ¤, 翹 ¤, 瓜碼子 ¤, 瓜 ¤, 西皮 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 死, 過世 †, 成神 †, ‡, 百年歸天 †, ‡, 嗚呼 ¤ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 死 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 死, 沒得脈, 過世 †, 過身 †, 沒在 †, 哦嚄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 死, 過世 †, 歸天 †, ‡, 不在 †, 嗝兒得 ¤, 翹辮子 ¤ |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 死, 不在 †, 走 †, 家去吃去 ¤, 家去 ¤, 翹辮子 ¤, 翹 ¤, 駝條 § |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 死, 不在 †, 老 † |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 死, 過身 †, 過世 †, 老 †, ‡, 百年歸老 †, ‡, 去別有天 †, ¤, 去大煙筒 †, ¤, 瓜 ¤, 瓜老襯 ¤, 收檔 ¤, 攞竇 ¤, 進竇 §, 瓜竇, 直, 瓜直, 死直, 攤直, 雙腳撐直, 伸直腳, 拉柴, 瓜柴, 褸席, 歸西, 歸天, 食黃泥, 入黃泥窿, 入窿, 玩完, 嫌米貴, 瞇埋眼, 一 argot, 唔食廣東米 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 死, 過身 †, 走 †, 香 †, 去 †, 唔喺度 †, 百年歸老 †, 賣鹹鴨蛋 †, 兩腳一伸 †, 仙遊 †, 拜拜 †, 去閻羅王處報到 †, 瓜 ¤, 瓜老襯 ¤, 拉柴, 瓜柴, 釘蓋, 釘, 直, 歸西, 玩完, ham |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 過身, 去 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 死 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 去歸, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 死, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 死 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 過身 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 死 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 死, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 死, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 死, 善, 去 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 死, 登仙 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 過身, 死 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 死 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 死, 老 †, 去返 †, 去舊時嗰處 †, 視埋眼 †, 伸直腳 †, 入罌 †, 拉柴 §, 去大煙筒 § |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 死, 過身 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 死, 過輩 †, 老 †, ‡, 老大 †, ‡ |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 死, 過身 † |
| Gan | Nanchang | 死, 過世 †, 老 † |
| Gan | Lichuan | 死 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 死, 過 †, 走路 †, 老 †, ‡, 去 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 死, 老, 過身 †, 消 †, 老壽 †, ‡ |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 過身, 香 † |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 過身, 死 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 死, 過身 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 死 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 死, 過身 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 死, 過世 †, 過套 †, 過身 †, 轉去 †, 轉該背 †, 歸仙 †, 轉老外婆裡 ¤ |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 死, 消, 過身 †, 往生 †, 上神桌 †, 轉長山賣鴨卵 † |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 死, 消, 過身 †, 往生 †, 上神桌 †, 轉長山賣鴨卵 † |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 死, 消, 過身 †, 往生 †, 上神桌 †, 轉長山賣鴨卵 † |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 死, 消, 過身 †, 往生 †, 上神桌 †, 轉長山賣鴨卵 † |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 死, 消, 過身 †, 往生 †, 上神桌 †, 轉長山賣鴨卵 † |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 消 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 死, 過身 †, 上神桌 †, 轉長山賣鴨卵 † |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 過身, 老 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 死, 過世 †, 過輩 †, 過身 †, 不在 †, 過老 §, 過邊 §, 進棺材 §, 進風水 §, 翹扁 §, ¤ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 死, 沒啦 †, 走 †, 過去 †, 老 †, ‡, 老客 †, ‡ |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 死, 回老家 †, 硬 §, 㞗朝天 of a man, vulgar, 倒蕎麥皮 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 死, 過身 †, 老 †, ‡ |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 死, 過去 †, 過世 †, 過後 †, 歸西 †, 百歲 †, 老去 †, ‡, 堯街去 ¤, 堯生去 ¤, 溜翹 ¤, 殂 ¤, 去算米數 ¤, 去外媽食齋 ¤, 去外媽 ¤, 去䁐廬山 ¤, 去厝去 ¤, 睏長暝眠 ¤, 翹齋 ¤, 揭兜去 ¤, 拔直去 ¤, 上天去 ¤, 生去 ¤, 𣪟去 ¤, 䁐松柏樹 ¤, 䁐松柏 ¤, 轉祖 § |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 死, 過身 †, 過氣 †, 百歲 †, 百年 †, 百歲年老 †, 行去 †, 無去 †, 㾀 †, 去塗州賣鴨卵 †, 老去 †, ‡, 老咯 †, ‡, 蟯 ¤, 蟯歹 ¤, 蟯癱 ¤, 行雞 ¤, 馬滴 § |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 死, 過身 †, 過氣 †, 百歲 †, 百年 †, 無去 †, 去塗州賣鴨卵 †, 老去 †, ‡, 老咯 †, ‡, 行雞 ¤, 馬滴 § |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 死, 過身 †, 老去 † |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 死, 過身 †, 過氣 †, 百歲 †, 百年 †, 百歲年老 †, 行去 †, 無去 †, 起身 †, 去塗州賣鴨卵 †, 老去 †, ‡, 老咯 †, ‡, 蟯 ¤, 蟯歹 ¤, 蟯癱 ¤, 行雞 ¤, 誆牽 §, 㾀 §, 㾀歹 §, 馬滴 § |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 死去, 老 †, 過身 † |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 死去, 老去 †, 往生 †, 過身 † |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 死去, 老去 †, 行去 †, 往生 †, 無佇咧 †, 過身 †, 轉去 † |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 死去, 老去 †, 往生 †, 無佇咧 †, 過身 †, 過往 † |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 死去, 老 †, 無去 †, 過身 †, 轉去 † |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 死去, 往生 †, 過身 † |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 死去, 老去 †, 行去 †, 往生 †, 無佇咧 †, 過身 †, 轉去 †, 去塗州賣鴨卵 †, 去蘇州賣鴨卵 †, 轉去塗州賣鴨卵 †, 轉去蘇州賣鴨卵 † |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 曲去, 去咯 †, 往生 †, 過身 †, 老去 † |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 死去, 往生 †, 過身 †, 行去 † |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 死去, 往生 †, 過身 †, 老去 † |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 死, 馬滴, 死翹翹, 過身 †, 百年 †, 百歲 †, 過氣 †, 起車 †, 老去 †, 老咯 †, 行去 †, 蟯去 †, 吭跤翹 †, 交登記 † |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 死, 死去, 過面 †, 過身 †, 老去 † |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 死, 過身 †, 過世 † |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 過身, 吭跤翹, 吭翹 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 死, 過身 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 死, 過世 †, 過輩 †, 過目焗 ¤, 直筒 §, 刮薯減米 § |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 死, 過層 †, ‡, 老 †, ‡, 貓使 § |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 死 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 死 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 死, 瓜老襯, 過世, 歸西 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 死, 故 †, 過世 †, 嘸沒 †, 一腳去 †, 翹辮子 §, ¤, 彈老三 §, 翹老三 § |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 死, 老 †, 故 †, 翹辮子 ¤ |
| Wu | Suzhou | 死, 壞, 去, 過世 †, 翹辮子 § |
| Wu | Danyang | 死 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 死, 故 †, 過世 †, 翹辮兒 ¤, 到龍駒塢去 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 死, 翹辮子 §, 過世 †, 嘸沒 †, 死脫 §, 燂茶, 山裡去, 吃豆腐羹, 嘸沒來的 †, 老 † |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 死, 冇 †, 過輩 †, ‡, 蹻 ¤ |
| Wu | Jinhua | 死, 過世 †, 過輩 †, 弗在 †, 老 †, ‡ |
| Xiang | Changsha | 死, 過 †, 去 †, 瓜, 彈, 彈四郎 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 死, 過世 †, 故 †, 上岸 † |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 死, 過世 †, 故 † |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 死 |
| Note | † - euphemistic; ‡ - usually of the elderly; ¤ - humorous; § - derogatory/disrespectful | † - euphemistic; ‡ - usually of the elderly; ¤ - humorous; § - derogatory/disrespectful |
* (awful): (Cantonese) 死人 (sǐrén), 糟糕 (zāogāo)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to die”): 活 (huó)

#### See also

* (intensifier) 鬼 (guǐ)

### Compounds

* 一口咬死
* 一把死拿
* 一死一生
* 一死兒 / 一死儿
* 一死生
* 一死的
* 一潭死水 (yītánsǐshuǐ)
* 一生九死
* 一生死
* 一頭撞死 / 一头撞死
* 七大死罪
* 七死
* 七死七生
* 七死八活 (qīsǐbāhuó)
* 七生七死
* 三死
* 下死
* 下死勁 / 下死劲
* 下死手
* 下死的
* 下死眼
* 不得其死 (bùdéqísǐ)
* 不得好死 (bùdéhǎosǐ)
* 不得死
* 不死 (bùsǐ)
* 不死不活 (bùsǐ bùhuó)
* 不死不生
* 不死即傷 / 不死即伤
* 不死國 / 不死国
* 不死山
* 不死庭
* 不死方
* 不死樹 / 不死树
* 不死民
* 不死牛
* 不死草
* 不死藥 / 不死药
* 不死鄉 / 不死乡
* 不死麵 / 不死面
* 不生不死
* 不知死
* 不知死活 (bùzhīsǐhuó)
* 不管死活
* 不顧死活 / 不顾死活
* 不顧生死 / 不顾生死
* 主辱臣死
* 之死不渝
* 之死靡二
* 之死靡他
* 之死靡它
* 九死
* 九死一生 (jiǔsǐyīshēng)
* 九死不悔
* 九死厄
* 九死魂
* 乳藥求死 / 乳药求死
* 乾死 / 干死
* 亂死崗子 / 乱死岗子
* 亂石砸死 / 乱石砸死
* 亡死
* 人死
* 人死留名
* 人為財死，鳥為食亡 / 人为财死，鸟为食亡 (rén wèi cái sǐ, niǎo wèi shí wáng)
* 仆死
* 仗節死義 / 仗节死义
* 伏死
* 作死
* 你死我活 (nǐsǐwǒhuó)
* 佯死
* 促死
* 促死促滅 / 促死促灭
* 倒死
* 倒路死
* 假死 (jiǎsǐ)
* 偏死
* 做死
* 傷心致死 / 伤心致死
* 傲死
* 僇死
* 僵死
* 償死 / 偿死
* 兄死弟及
* 兇死 / 凶死
* 先死
* 兔死犬饑 / 兔死犬饥
* 兔死狐悲 (tùsǐhúbēi)
* 兔死狗烹 (tùsǐgǒupēng)
* 入死出生
* 兵死
* 冒死 (màosǐ)
* 冤死
* 凍死 / 冻死 (dòngsǐ)
* 凌遲處死 / 凌迟处死
* 凶死
* 出入生死
* 出死 (chūsǐ)
* 出死入生
* 出死斷亡 / 出死断亡
* 出生入死 (chūshēngrùsǐ)
* 分死
* 判死
* 刺死
* 劾死
* 勒死
* 勾死人
* 勾死鬼
* 十死
* 十死一生
* 十死不問 / 十死不问
* 十死九活
* 十死九生
* 十生九死
* 千死千休
* 千生萬死 / 千生万死
* 半死 (bànsǐ)
* 半死不活 (bànsǐbùhuó)
* 半死半活 (bànsǐ bànhuó)
* 半死半生
* 半死辣活
* 卡死
* 危死
* 即死 (jísǐ)
* 卻死 / 却死
* 卻死香 / 却死香
* 去死 (qùsǐ)
* 受死 (shòusǐ)
* 取死
* 同利相死
* 吊死 (diàosǐ)
* 吃死飯 / 吃死饭
* 吊死鬼 (diàosǐguǐ)
* 同生共死 (tóngshēnggòngsǐ)
* 同生死 (tóngshēngsǐ)
* 哀莫大於心死 / 哀莫大于心死 (āi mò dàyú xīn sǐ)
* 善死
* 嚇死 / 吓死 (xiàsǐ)
* 回生起死
* 坑死
* 坐死
* 垂死 (chuísǐ)
* 垂死掙扎
* 堆垛死屍 / 堆垛死尸
* 堵死
* 填死
* 壁死
* 壓死 / 压死 (yāsǐ)
* 壞死 / 坏死 (huàisǐ)
* 士為知己者死 / 士为知己者死 (shì wèi zhījǐ zhě sǐ)
* 夕死
* 大難不死 / 大难不死 (dànànbùsǐ)
* 夭死
* 夫死從子 / 夫死从子
* 失死
* 奮死 / 奋死
* 好死 (hǎosǐ)
* 妄死
* 好死不死
* 學死 / 学死
* 安樂死 / 安乐死 (ānlèsǐ)
* 守死
* 安死
* 守死善道
* 定死
* 宣告死亡
* 客死 (kèsǐ)
* 害死 (hàisǐ)
* 害死人
* 寄死
* 寂若死灰
* 寧死不屈 / 宁死不屈 (níngsǐbùqū)
* 寧死不從 / 宁死不从
* 寧死不辱 / 宁死不辱
* 將死 / 将死 (jiāngsǐ)
* 尊嚴死 / 尊严死
* 尋死 / 寻死
* 尋死覓活 / 寻死觅活 (xúnsǐmìhuó)
* 小死
* 屈死
* 屈死鬼
* 山枯石死
* 市死
* 幽死
* 底死
* 底死謾生 / 底死谩生
* 廢死 / 废死 (fèisǐ)
* 弄死 (nòngsǐ)
* 弔死 / 吊死
* 弔死問生 / 吊死问生
* 弔死問疾 / 吊死问疾
* 弔死扶傷 / 吊死扶伤
* 弔死鬼 / 吊死鬼
* 引頸受死 / 引颈受死
* 強死 / 强死 (qiángsǐ)
* 強死強活 / 强死强活
* 強死賴活 / 强死赖活
* 後死 / 后死
* 得人死力
* 從死 / 从死
* 得死
* 心如死水
* 心如死灰
* 心死
* 心肌梗死 (xīnjī gěngsǐ)
* 心若死灰
* 忍死
* 忘生捨死 / 忘生舍死
* 怯死
* 怕死貪生 / 怕死贪生
* 怕死鬼 (pàsǐguǐ)
* 患難相死 / 患难相死
* 情死 (qíngsǐ)
* 惜死
* 愛死 / 爱死
* 愛莫大於心死 / 爱莫大于心死
* 愧死
* 慘死 / 惨死 (cǎnsǐ)
* 憋死貓 / 憋死猫
* 戀生惡死 / 恋生恶死
* 戮死
* 打死 (dǎsǐ)
* 打死老虎
* 打死虎
* 打蛇不死
* 折死
* 找死 (zhǎosǐ)
* 投死
* 扼死 (èsǐ)
* 拚死
* 抵死 (dǐsǐ)
* 抵死不從 / 抵死不从
* 抵死漫生
* 抵死瞞生 / 抵死瞒生
* 抵死謾生 / 抵死谩生
* 拚生盡死 / 拚生尽死 (pànshēngjìnsǐ)
* 拼死 (pīnsǐ)
* 拼死拼活
* 拼死捺命
* 拿死蛇
* 拼生死
* 捉生替死
* 掐死 (qiāsǐ)
* 捨死忘生 / 舍死忘生 (shěsǐwàngshēng)
* 捨生忘死 / 舍生忘死 (shěshēngwàngsǐ)
* 推鋒爭死 / 推锋争死
* 揍死
* 摔死 (shuāisǐ)
* 撞死
* 擋死牌 / 挡死牌
* 擬死 / 拟死
* 放死放活
* 放殺死 / 放杀死
* 效死 (xiàosǐ)
* 效死勿去
* 效死輸忠 / 效死输忠
* 救死
* 敗死 / 败死
* 救死扶傷 / 救死扶伤 (jiùsǐfúshāng)
* 敢死 (gǎnsǐ)
* 敢死士
* 敢死軍 / 敢死军 (gǎnsǐjūn)
* 敢死隊 / 敢死队 (gǎnsǐduì)
* 斂死 / 敛死
* 斃死 / 毙死
* 斆死 / 敩死
* 斷死 / 断死
* 旁死霸
* 旁死魄
* 族死
* 既死霸 (jìsǐpò)
* 既死魄
* 早死 (zǎosǐ)
* 昧死
* 昧死以聞 / 昧死以闻
* 暍死
* 暴死 (bàosǐ)
* 替死鬼 (tìsǐguǐ)
* 會死 / 会死
* 有死無二 / 有死无二
* 朝生夕死
* 朝生暮死
* 朝聞夕死 / 朝闻夕死
* 朽木死灰
* 束手待死
* 板死
* 枉死 (wǎngsǐ)
* 枉死城
* 枉死愁城
* 枉死羅城 / 枉死罗城
* 枉死鬼
* 枯木死灰
* 枯死 (kūsǐ)
* 枯草死骨
* 枯骨死草
* 梗死 (gěngsǐ)
* 棄死 / 弃死
* 楛死
* 槁木死灰
* 槁死
* 構死 / 构死
* 榜死
* 樂死 / 乐死
* 樂而忘死 / 乐而忘死
* 橫死 / 横死 (hèngsǐ)
* 橋死 / 桥死
* 橫死眼 / 横死眼
* 橫死神 / 横死神
* 橫死賊 / 横死贼
* 欣生惡死 / 欣生恶死
* 歪死纏 / 歪死缠
* 歸死 / 归死
* 死不了
* 死不冥目
* 死不旋踵
* 死不瞑目 (sǐbùmíngmù)
* 死不要臉 / 死不要脸
* 死不認錯 / 死不认错
* 死不足惜 (sǐbùzúxī)
* 死不閉目 / 死不闭目
* 死且不朽
* 死丕丕
* 死中求活
* 死中求生
* 死乞白賴 / 死乞白赖 (sǐqibáilài)
* 死乞百賴 / 死乞百赖
* 死也瞑目
* 死亂 / 死乱
* 死事
* 死井
* 死亡 (sǐwáng)
* 死亡人數 / 死亡人数 (sǐwáng rénshù)
* 死亡學 / 死亡学 (sǐwángxué)
* 死亡宣告
* 死亡無日 / 死亡无日
* 死亡率 (sǐwánglǜ)
* 死亡登記 / 死亡登记
* 死亡筆記 / 死亡笔记
* 死亡約會 / 死亡约会
* 死亡給付 / 死亡给付
* 死亡線 / 死亡线 (sǐwángxiàn)
* 死亡證明 / 死亡证明
* 死交
* 死亦瞑目 (sǐyìmíngmù)
* 死人 (sǐrén)
* 死仗 (sǐzhàng)
* 死併 / 死并
* 死信 (sǐxìn)
* 死傷 / 死伤 (sǐshāng)
* 死僇
* 死傷相枕 / 死伤相枕
* 死傷相藉 / 死伤相借
* 死傷者 / 死伤者 (sǐshāngzhě)
* 死光 (sǐguāng)
* 死公
* 死冤家
* 死刑 (sǐxíng)
* 死利
* 死別 / 死别 (sǐbié)
* 死別生離 / 死别生离
* 死别生離
* 死到臨頭 / 死到临头
* 死力 (sǐlì)
* 死勁 / 死劲
* 死區 / 死区
* 死去 (sǐqù)
* 死去活來 / 死去活来 (sǐqùhuólái)
* 死友
* 死口 (sǐkǒu)
* 死句
* 死吃死嚼
* 死君
* 死告活央
* 死命 (sǐmìng)
* 死啃
* 死問 / 死问
* 死喪 / 死丧
* 死囚 (sǐqiú)
* 死囚牢
* 死因 (sǐyīn)
* 死國 / 死国
* 死地 (sǐdì)
* 死地求生
* 死士 (sǐshì)
* 死夭
* 死契
* 死套子
* 死子
* 死字
* 死孝
* 死守 (sǐshǒu)
* 死寂 (sǐjì)
* 死寇
* 死將 / 死将
* 死對頭 / 死对头 (sǐduìtou)
* 死就
* 死屍 / 死尸 (sǐshī)
* 死工夫
* 死巴
* 死巷 (sǐxiàng)
* 死市
* 死後 / 死后 (sǐhòu)
* 死得其所
* 死心 (sǐxīn)
* 死心倒地
* 死心塌地 (sǐxīntādì)
* 死心搭地
* 死心眼 (sǐxīnyǎn)
* 死心眼兒 / 死心眼儿
* 死心落地
* 死心踏地 (sǐxīntādì)
* 死志
* 死忌 (sǐjì)
* 死性 (sǐxing)
* 死悌
* 死憤 / 死愤
* 死戰 / 死战 (sǐzhàn)
* 死所
* 死手
* 死扣 (sǐkòu)
* 死拉活拽
* 死挺挺
* 死摳兒 / 死抠儿 (sǐkōur)
* 死政
* 死敗 / 死败
* 死教
* 死敗塗地 / 死败涂地
* 死敵 / 死敌 (sǐdí)
* 死數 / 死数
* 死文字
* 死於安樂 / 死于安乐
* 死於非命 / 死于非命 (sǐyúfēimìng)
* 死日生年
* 死有餘僇 / 死有余僇
* 死有餘罪 / 死有余罪
* 死有餘誅 / 死有余诛
* 死有餘責 / 死有余责
* 死有餘辜 / 死有余辜 (sǐyǒuyúgū)
* 死服
* 死期 (sǐqī)
* 死板 (sǐbǎn)
* 死格
* 死棋 (sǐqí)
* 死業 / 死业
* 死模活樣 / 死模活样
* 死樣活氣 / 死样活气
* 死模活漾
* 死標白纏 / 死标白缠
* 死機 / 死机 (sǐjī)
* 死機藍屏 / 死机蓝屏
* 死權 / 死权
* 死死 (sǐsǐ)
* 死殉
* 死殺 / 死杀
* 死比
* 死氣 / 死气 (sǐqì)
* 死氣沉沉 / 死气沉沉 (sǐqìchénchén)
* 死氣白賴 / 死气白赖
* 死水 (sǐshuǐ)
* 死水兒 / 死水儿
* 死求白賴 / 死求白赖
* 死求百賴 / 死求百赖
* 死沒 / 死没
* 死沒堆 / 死没堆
* 死沓沓
* 死沒騰 / 死没腾
* 死法
* 死法子
* 死活 (sǐhuó)
* 死活不顧 / 死活不顾
* 死海 (Sǐhǎi)
* 死海古卷 (Sǐhǎigǔjuǎn)
* 死海經卷 / 死海经卷
* 死淋浸
* 死滅 / 死灭 (sǐmiè)
* 死火山 (sǐhuǒshān)
* 死灰 (sǐhuī)
* 死灰復然 / 死灰复然
* 死灰復燃 / 死灰复燃 (sǐhuīfùrán)
* 死灰復燎 / 死灰复燎
* 死灰槁木
* 死無對證 / 死无对证 (sǐwúduìzhèng)
* 死無葬身之地 / 死无葬身之地 (sǐ wú zàngshēnzhīdì)
* 死無遺憂 / 死无遗忧
* 死爭 / 死争
* 死爹哭媽 / 死爹哭妈
* 死牢
* 死狀 / 死状 (sǐzhuàng)
* 死狗
* 死獄 / 死狱
* 死生 (sǐshēng)
* 死生之交
* 死生交
* 死生契闊 / 死生契阔
* 死生存亡
* 死生有命
* 死生未卜
* 死生榮辱 / 死生荣辱
* 死產 / 死产 (sǐchǎn)
* 死當 / 死当
* 死症
* 死病
* 死白
* 死皮賴臉 / 死皮赖脸 (sǐpílàiliǎn)
* 死目
* 死直
* 死相 (sǐxiàng)
* 死相枕藉 / 死相枕借
* 死眉瞪眼
* 死硬 (sǐyìng)
* 死硬派
* 死神 (sǐshén)
* 死祿 / 死禄
* 死穴 (sǐxué)
* 死等
* 死節 / 死节 (sǐjié)
* 死籍
* 死約會 / 死约会
* 死終 / 死终
* 死結 / 死结 (sǐjié)
* 死絕 / 死绝 (sǐjué)
* 死結難解 / 死结难解
* 死綏 / 死绥
* 死緩 / 死缓 (sǐhuǎn)
* 死纏活纏 / 死缠活缠
* 死罪 (sǐzuì)
* 死義 / 死义
* 死者 (sǐzhě)
* 死者相枕
* 死而不僵
* 死而不悔
* 死而不朽
* 死而後已 / 死而后已 (sǐ'érhòuyǐ)
* 死而後止 / 死而后止
* 死而復生 / 死而复生 (sǐ'ér fùshēng)
* 死而復甦 / 死而复苏
* 死而無怨 / 死而无怨
* 死而無悔 / 死而无悔
* 死耗
* 死聲 / 死声
* 死聲咷氣 / 死声咷气
* 死聲活氣 / 死声活气
* 死聲淘氣 / 死声淘气
* 死肌
* 死胎 (sǐtāi)
* 死背 (sǐbèi)
* 死胔
* 死胡同 (sǐhútòng)
* 死腦筋 / 死脑筋 (sǐnǎojīn)
* 死膛兒 / 死膛儿
* 死臣
* 死臨侵 / 死临侵
* 死色
* 死藤 (sǐténg)
* 死藤水 (sǐténgshuǐ)
* 死血
* 死衚衕 / 死胡同 (sǐhútòng)
* 死裏求生 / 死里求生
* 死裡求生 / 死里求生
* 死裡逃生 / 死里逃生
* 死裏逃生 / 死里逃生
* 死要臉 / 死要脸
* 死規矩兒 / 死规矩儿
* 死角 (sǐjiǎo)
* 死訊 / 死讯 (sǐxùn)
* 死記 / 死记 (sǐjì)
* 死記硬背 / 死记硬背 (sǐjì yìngbèi)
* 死語 / 死语 (sǐyǔ)
* 死說活說 / 死说活说
* 死諫 / 死谏
* 死譯 / 死译
* 死象 (sǐxiàng)
* 死貨 / 死货
* 死責 / 死责
* 死賊 / 死贼
* 死賬 / 死账
* 死路 (sǐlù)
* 死身分
* 死輕鴻毛 / 死轻鸿毛
* 死追活追
* 死重泰山
* 死間 / 死间
* 死限
* 死難 / 死难 (sǐnàn)
* 死難者 / 死难者
* 死霸
* 死靈 / 死灵 (sǐlíng)
* 死面 (sǐmiàn)
* 死餌 / 死饵
* 死馬當活馬醫 / 死马当活马医 (sǐmǎ dàng huómǎ yī)
* 死馬醫 / 死马医
* 死驢 / 死驴
* 死骨更肉
* 死鬥 / 死斗
* 死鬼 (sǐguǐ)
* 死魂
* 死魄
* 死鰾白纏 / 死鳔白缠
* 死鴨子嘴硬 / 死鸭子嘴硬
* 死麵 / 死面 (sǐmiàn)
* 死點 / 死点
* 死黨 / 死党 (sǐdǎng)
* 殉死 (xùnsǐ)
* 殊死 (shūsǐ)
* 殊死刑
* 殊死戰 / 殊死战
* 殺死 / 杀死 (shāsǐ)
* 毀死 / 毁死
* 氣死 / 气死 (qìsǐ)
* 氣死風 / 气死风
* 氣生氣死 / 气生气死
* 求死不得
* 決一死戰 / 决一死战 (juéyīsǐzhàn)
* 沒亂死 / 没乱死
* 沒死 / 没死
* 決死 / 决死 (juésǐ)
* 沒死以聞 / 没死以闻
* 沒死活 / 没死活
* 決死隊 / 决死队
* 治死 (zhìsǐ)
* 流死
* 活死人
* 浪死
* 淹死 (yānsǐ)
* 減死 / 减死
* 溘死
* 溺死 (nìsǐ)
* 漰死
* 潑死潑活 / 泼死泼活
* 瀕死 / 濒死 (bīnsǐ)
* 灰死
* 炸死
* 無名戰死 / 无名战死
* 焚死
* 焦死
* 無死 / 无死
* 燒死 / 烧死
* 爛死蛇 / 烂死蛇
* 爭死 / 争死
* 爺死錢 / 爷死钱
* 狂死
* 狐死兔悲
* 狐死兔泣
* 狐死首丘
* 猝死 (cùsǐ)
* 珠死
* 現死現報 / 现死现报
* 甘死如飴 / 甘死如饴 (gānsǐrúyí)
* 生不如死 (shēngbùrúsǐ)
* 生來死去 / 生来死去
* 生別死離 / 生别死离
* 生寄死歸 / 生寄死归
* 生拖死拽
* 生於憂患，死於安樂 / 生于忧患，死于安乐 (shēng yú yōuhuàn, sǐ yú ānlè)
* 生榮死哀 / 生荣死哀
* 生死 (shēngsǐ)
* 生死不易
* 生死不渝
* 生死不負 / 生死不负
* 生死之交
* 生死交
* 生死分定
* 生死存亡 (shēngsǐcúnwáng)
* 生死弟兄 (shēngsǐ dìxiōng)
* 生死攸關 / 生死攸关 (shēngsǐ yōuguān)
* 生死文字
* 生死有命
* 生死海
* 生死無貳 / 生死无贰
* 生死簿 (shēngsǐbù)
* 生死緣 / 生死缘
* 生死線 / 生死线
* 生死肉骨
* 生死與共 / 生死与共
* 生死與奪 / 生死与夺
* 生死苦海
* 生死觀 / 生死观
* 生死輪迴 / 生死轮回
* 生死醉夢 / 生死醉梦
* 生死長夜 / 生死长夜
* 生死關頭 / 生死关头 (shēngsǐguāntóu)
* 生死骨肉
* 生生死死
* 生老病死 (shēnglǎobìngsǐ)
* 生關死劫 / 生关死劫
* 生離死別 / 生离死别 (shēnglísǐbié)
* 生離死絕 / 生离死绝
* 生頭死壟 / 生头死垄
* 畏死貪生 / 畏死贪生
* 疼死
* 病死 (bìngsǐ)
* 瘐死 (yǔsǐ)
* 發死 / 发死
* 發狂變死 / 发狂变死
* 百死
* 百死一生
* 皇帝不急，急死太監 / 皇帝不急，急死太监 (huángdì bùjí, jísǐ tàijiàn)
* 盡死 / 尽死
* 看死 (kànsǐ)
* 相死
* 睚眥觸死 / 睚眦触死
* 睡生夢死 / 睡生梦死
* 矢死
* 矢死不二
* 矢死無貳 / 矢死无贰
* 砍死
* 砸死 (zásǐ)
* 破死忘生
* 破死拉活
* 祈死
* 視死如歸 / 视死如归 (shìsǐrúguī)
* 視死如生 / 视死如生 (shìsǐrúshēng)
* 視死如飴 / 视死如饴
* 視死猶歸 / 视死犹归
* 視死若歸 / 视死若归
* 視死若生 / 视死若生
* 萬死 / 万死 (wànsǐ)
* 萬死一生 / 万死一生
* 萬死不辭 / 万死不辞 (wànsǐbùcí)
* 竄死 / 窜死
* 等死 (děngsǐ)
* 節死 / 节死
* 籍死
* 累死 (lèi sǐ)
* 絞死 / 绞死 (jiǎosǐ)
* 經死 / 经死
* 緩死 / 缓死
* 縊死 / 缢死 (yìsǐ)
* 罔死
* 罪應萬死 / 罪应万死
* 罪死
* 罪當萬死 / 罪当万死
* 罪該萬死 / 罪该万死 (zuìgāiwànsǐ)
* 義同生死 / 义同生死 (yìtóngshēngsǐ)
* 義死 / 义死
* 老不死 (lǎobùsǐ)
* 老死 (lǎosǐ)
* 考死
* 老死溝壑 / 老死沟壑
* 老死牖下
* 老死魅
* 老而不死
* 耍死狗
* 聞生沒死 / 闻生没死
* 胎死腹中 (tāisǐfùzhōng)
* 腦死 / 脑死 (nǎosǐ)
* 臨死 / 临死 (línsǐ)
* 臨死不怯 / 临死不怯
* 臨死不恐 / 临死不恐 (línsǐbùkǒng)
* 臭死
* 至死 (zhìsǐ)
* 至死不二
* 至死不屈
* 至死不悟
* 至死不泯
* 至死方休
* 致死 (zhìsǐ)
* 致死量 (zhìsǐliàng)
* 良死
* 色如死灰
* 色若死灰
* 苦死 (kǔsǐ)
* 藥死 / 药死
* 虎死留皮
* 處死 / 处死 (chǔsǐ)
* 虚生浪死
* 虛死 / 虚死
* 虛生浪死 / 虚生浪死
* 蚤死 (zǎosǐ)
* 要死 (yàosǐ)
* 要死要活
* 見光死 / 见光死 (jiànguāngsǐ)
* 見死不救 / 见死不救 (jiànsǐbùjiù)
* 覓死 / 觅死
* 覓死尋活 / 觅死寻活
* 覓生覓死 / 觅生觅死
* 觸死 / 触死
* 計出萬死 / 计出万死
* 託死 / 托死
* 討死 / 讨死 (tǎosǐ)
* 詐死 / 诈死 (zhàsǐ)
* 該死 / 该死 (gāisǐ)
* 誅死 / 诛死
* 詳死 / 详死
* 試死 / 试死
* 該死行瘟 / 该死行瘟
* 誓同生死
* 誓死 (shìsǐ)
* 誓死不二 (shìsǐ bù'èr)
* 誓死不屈 (shìsǐbùqū)
* 誓死不渝
* 誓死不貳 / 誓死不贰
* 認死扣子 / 认死扣子
* 認死理 / 认死理 (rènsǐlǐ)
* 說死說活 / 说死说活
* 諕死 / 𬤀死
* 論死 / 论死
* 諱死 / 讳死
* 譴死 / 谴死
* 讀死書 / 读死书 (dúsǐshū)
* 變死 / 变死
* 豹死留皮
* 貪生怕死 / 贪生怕死 (tānshēngpàsǐ)
* 貪生惡死 / 贪生恶死
* 貪生畏死 / 贪生畏死
* 貧血性壞死 / 贫血性坏死
* 買死 / 买死
* 貸死 / 贷死
* 貰死 / 贳死
* 賊死 / 贼死
* 賒死 / 赊死
* 賣死 / 卖死
* 賜死 / 赐死 (cìsǐ)
* 賣死勁 / 卖死劲
* 賭死 / 赌死
* 贈死 / 赠死
* 贖死 / 赎死
* 走死
* 赴死 (fùsǐ)
* 赴死如歸 / 赴死如归
* 起死 (qǐsǐ)
* 起死回生 (qǐsǐhuíshēng)
* 起死回骸
* 蹈死
* 蹶死
* 輕死 / 轻死
* 輕死重氣 / 轻死重气
* 輕死重義 / 轻死重义
* 輿死扶傷 / 舆死扶伤
* 轉死 / 转死
* 轉死溝壑 / 转死沟壑
* 轉死溝渠 / 转死沟渠
* 返死
* 迷死
* 逆死
* 送死 (sòngsǐ)
* 逃死 (táosǐ)
* 迴生起死 / 回生起死
* 逝死
* 逭死
* 過勞死 / 过劳死 (guòláosǐ)
* 過失致死 / 过失致死
* 遄死
* 逼死 (bīsǐ)
* 道死
* 遺死 / 遗死
* 醉死夢生 / 醉死梦生
* 醉生夢死 / 醉生梦死 (zuìshēngmèngsǐ)
* 重死
* 野有死麕
* 野死
* 釘死 / 钉死
* 鐵死冤家 / 铁死冤家
* 長生不死 / 长生不死
* 阽死
* 附死
* 降死
* 除死
* 陳死人 / 陈死人
* 陸死骨 / 陆死骨
* 雖死猶生 / 虽死犹生
* 青死
* 非死即傷 / 非死即伤 (fēisǐjíshāng)
* 面如死灰
* 面若死灰
* 靴刀誓死
* 養生喪死 / 养生丧死
* 養生送死 / 养生送死
* 餓死 / 饿死 (èsǐ)
* 餒死 / 馁死
* 餓死漂渚 / 饿死漂渚
* 饐死 / 𮩞死
* 駢死 / 骈死
* 駢首就死 / 骈首就死
* 驟死 / 骤死
* 魚死網破 / 鱼死网破 (yúsǐwǎngpò)
* 鴆死 / 鸩死
* 鹿死誰手 / 鹿死谁手
* 黑死病 (hēisǐbìng)
* 齰死 / 𫜬死

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 死(し) (shi)
* → Korean: 사(死) (sa)
* → Vietnamese: tử (死)
Others:
* Wutunhua: se
* → Thai: ซี้ (síi)

### References

* “死”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02077

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
* Kun: しぬ (shinu, 死ぬ, Jōyō)、ころす (korosu, 死す)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 死
* し Grade: 3
* on'yomi
/si/ → /ɕi/
Appears to be a conflation of Middle Chinese 死 (MC sijX), with an Old Japanese root that happened to have a similar pronunciation to the Middle Chinese and was probably cognate with 去る (saru, “to go, to go away”). Compare modern Mandarin 死 (sǐ).
In kanji compounds, this would be considered as on'yomi; but on its own, this could be considered as either on'yomi or kun'yomi.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) し [shíꜜ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕi]

### Noun

死(し) • (shi)
* death
    Antonym: 生 (sei)
    『死(し)に至(いた)る病(やまい)』
       “Shi ni Itaru Yamai”
       The Sickness unto Death
** 1925, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Aphorisms by a pygmy:
    眠(ねむ)りは死(し)よりも愉(ゆ)快(かい)である。少(すくな)くとも容(よう)易(い)には違(ちが)いあるまい。
       Nemuri wa shi yori mo yukai de aru. Sukunaku to mo yōi ni wa chigai aru mai.
       (please add an English translation of this example)
* (law, historical) one of the five punishments under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, the methods used are 絞 (kō, “strangling”) and 斬 (zan, “decapitation”)

#### Derived terms

* 死(し)ぬ (shinu)
* 死(し)する (shisuru)
* 死(し)勘(かん)定(じょう) (shi kanjō, “dead account, trading account that has no activity”)
* 死(し)の灰(はい) (shinohai)
* 擬(ぎ)死(し) (gishi)
* 急(きゅう)死(し) (kyūshi)
* 検(けん)死(し) (kenshi)
* 変(へん)死(し) (henshi)
* 悶(もん)死(し) (monshi)

### Affix

死(し) • (shi)
* death, to die
* dead, unfunctional
* life-or-death situation
* dangerous, life-threatening
* (baseball) out

#### Derived terms

* 死(し)因(いん) (shīn, “cause of death”)
* 死(し)王(おう) (shiō, “dead king”)
* 死(し)王(おう) (Shiō, “Buddhist king of the dead”)
* 死(し)火(か) (shika)
* 死(し)花(か) (shika, “paper flowers used for a funeral”)
* 死(し)貨(か) (shika)
* 死(し)海(かい) (Shikai)
* 死(し)灰(かい) (shikai, “cold, dead ashes; ashes remaining after cremation”)
* 死(し)界(かい) (shikai, “underworld, world of the dead; blind spot, somewhere out of view”)
* 死(し)骸(がい) (shigai)
* 死(し)角(かく) (shikaku)
* 死(し)学(がく) (shigaku, “field of study that has no practical use”)
* 死(し)活(かつ) (shikatsu)
* 死(し)期(き) (shiki, “time of death, moment of one's death”)
* 死(し)球(きゅう) (shikyū)
* 死(し)去(きょ) (shikyo)
* 死(し)境(きょう) (shikyō, “one's place of death; deadly place”)
* 死(し)菌(きん) (shikin, “dead bacterium or inactive virus used as the basis for a vaccine”)
* 死(し)句(く) (shiku, “plain phrase or line in a poem, containing no implied meanings; ascetic's unsaid words or phrases, due to mental mistakes”)
* 死(し)苦(く) (shiku, “sufferings of death”)
* 死(し)刑(けい) (shikei)
* 死(し)結(けつ) (shiketsu)
* 死(し)期(ご) (shigo)
* 死(し)後(ご) (shigo)
* 死(し)語(ご) (shigo)
* 死(し)罪(ざい) (shizai)
* 死(し)屍(し) (shishi)
* 死(し)者(しゃ) (shisha)
* 死(し)守(しゅ) (shishu)
* 死(し)所(しょ) (shisho, “place of death, place where one dies”)
* 死(し)傷(しょう) (shishō)
* 死(し)生(しょう) (shishō)
* 死(し)生(せい) (shisei)
* 死(し)線(せん) (shisen)
* 死(し)相(そう) (shisō)
* 死(し)蔵(ぞう) (shizō, “putting something away and never using it”)
* 死(し)地(ち) (shichi)
* 死(し)闘(とう) (shitō)
* 死(し)人(にん) (shinin)
* 死(し)者(しゃ) (shisha)
* 死(し)体(たい) (shitai)
* 死(し)物(ぶつ) (shibutsu)
* 死(し)文(ぶん) (shibun, “dead law, law that is on the books but never enforced; document that is purely formal and empty of meaning”)
* 死(し)別(べつ) (shibetsu)
* 死(し)亡(ぼう) (shibō)
* 死(し)没(ぼつ) (shibotsu)
* 死(し)命(めい) (shimei)
* 死(し)滅(めつ) (shimetsu)
* 死(し)霊(りょう) (shiryō)
* 死(し)力(りょく) (shiryoku)
* 死(し)霊(れい) (shirei)
* 仮(か)死(し) (kashi)
* 決(けっ)死(し) (kesshi)
* 頓(とん)死(し) (tonshi)
* 二(に)死(し) (nishi)
* 瀕(ひん)死(し) (hinshi)
* 不(ふ)死(し) (fushi)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 死 (MC sijX).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᄉᆞᆼ〯 (Yale: sǒ) | ᄉᆞᆼ〯 (Yale: sǒ) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 주글〮 (Yale: cwùkúl) | ᄉᆞ〯 (Yale: sǒ) |

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰa̠(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 死 (eumhun 죽을 사 (jugeul sa))
* hanja form of 사 (“death”) [noun, affix]

#### Compounds

* 사거 (死去, sageo)
* 사망 (死亡, samang)
* 사신 (死神, sasin)
* 사인 (死因, sain)
* 사해 (死海, Sahae)
* 사형 (死刑, sahyeong)
* 독사 (毒死, doksa)
* 불사 (不死, bulsa)
* 아사 (餓死, asa)
* 치사 (致死, chisa)
* 필사 (必死, pilsa)
* 고독사 (孤獨死, godoksa)
* 과로사 (過勞死, gwarosa)
* 안락사 (安樂死, allaksa)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): し (shi, Jōyō)
* Kun: しぬん (shinun, 死ぬん)

## Old Japanese
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From Proto-Japonic *si?”
Appears to be a conflation of an s- root cognate with 去る (saru, “to go, go away”) and Middle Chinese 死 (MC sijX).

### Noun

死 (si) (kana し)
* death
** c. 759, Man’yōshū: (book 5, preface to poem 897: melancholic poem by Yamanoue no Okura)
    帛公略說曰：「伏思自勵，以斯長生。生可$_レ$貪也，死可$_レ$畏也。...」(please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Derived terms

* 死ぬ (sinu)

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 死 (shi)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

死: Hán Nôm readings: tử, long
* death

#### Compounds

* tử vong (死亡)
* tự tử (自死)