# 闖

| 闖 | U+95D6, &#38358; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95D6 |
| ← 闕 [U+95D5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 闗 → [U+95D7] |

## Translingual
### Han character

闖 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 日弓尸手火 (ANSQF), four-corner 7732$_7$, composition ⿵門馬)
* rush in, burst in, charge in

#### Derived characters

* 𪞰, 㶒, 𧮕

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1340, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41458
* Dae Jaweon: page 1845, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4311, character 6
* Unihan data for U+95D6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) – a horse (馬) rushing through a gate (門).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chèn (chen$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cam$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chèn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻên$^4$
*** Yale: chèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenn
*** Palladius: чэнь (čɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cam$^3$
*** Yale: cham
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsam$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cem$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐm³³/
* Middle Chinese: trhimH
Rime :
| Character | 闖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 徹 (10) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 丑禁切 |
| Baxter | trhimH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈʰˠiɪm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈʰᵚim$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶʰiem$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈʰjim$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶʰjəm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶʰĭĕm$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶʰi̯əm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chèn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cam$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰraŋʔ/, /*l̥ʰɯms/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 闖 | 闖 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 1651 | 1652 |
| Phonetic component | 闖 | 闖 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 磢 | 闖 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰraŋʔ/ | /*l̥ʰɯms/ |
| Notes | 搶訓讀 | |

### Definitions

闖
* to peek

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chuǎng (chuang$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄤˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cong$^2$ / cong$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhoàn / chhoàng / chhòaⁿ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chuǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuǎng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻuang$^3$
*** Yale: chwǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: choang
*** Palladius: чуан (čuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cong$^2$ / cong$^3$
*** Yale: chóng / chong
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsong$^2$ / tsong$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cong$^2$ / cong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɔːŋ³⁵/, /t͡sʰɔːŋ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoàn
*** Tâi-lô: tshuàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhoaxn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰuan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰuan¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰuan²¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoàng
*** Tâi-lô: tshuàng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhoaxng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰuaŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰuaŋ¹¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhòaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tshuànn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhvoax
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰuã¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰuã²¹/

### Definitions

闖
* to rush in; to burst in
* to break through; to charge
* to lead to (a negative outcome); to incur; to bring about
* a surname, Chuang

#### Synonyms

* (to lead to):
* 使到 (shǐdào)
* 使得 (shǐde)
* 導致 / 导致 (dǎozhì)
* 招致 (zhāozhì)
* 致 (zhì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 致使 (zhìshǐ)
* 誘 / 诱 (yòu) (literary, or in compounds)
* 誘發 / 诱发 (yòufā)
* 造成 (zàochéng)
* 釀成 / 酿成 (niàngchéng) (a negative outcome)

### Compounds

* 擅闖 / 擅闯
* 浪闖 / 浪闯
* 私闖 / 私闯 (sīchuǎng)
* 闖事 / 闯事
* 闖入 / 闯入 (chuǎngrù)
* 闖勁 / 闯劲 (chuǎngjìn)
* 闖喪 / 闯丧
* 闖子 / 闯子
* 闖實 / 闯实
* 闖將 / 闯将 (chuǎngjiàng)
* 闖席 / 闯席
* 闖然 / 闯然
* 闖王 / 闯王
* 闖禍 / 闯祸 (chuǎnghuò)
* 闖紅燈 / 闯红灯 (chuǎng hóngdēng)
* 闖練 / 闯练
* 闖翻 / 闯翻
* 闖越 / 闯越
* 闖進 / 闯进
* 闖過 / 闯过
* 闖闖 / 闯闯
* 闖關 / 闯关 (chuǎngguān)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* rush in, burst in

#### Readings

* Go-on: ちん (chin)
* Kan-on: ちん (chin)
* Kun: うかがう (ukagau, 闖う)

#### Derived terms

* 闖(ちん)入(にゅう) (chinnyū, “intrude”)

## Korean
### Hanja

闖 • (teum) (hangeul 틈, revised teum, McCune–Reischauer t'ŭm, Yale thum)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.