OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Glaucidium
## Translingual
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Glaucidium n
* A taxonomic genus within the family Strigidae – pygmy owls.
* A taxonomic genus within the family Ranunculaceae – Japanese wood poppy.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus in Strigidae): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Reptilia – class; Aves – subclass; Neognathae – infraclass; Neoaves – superorder; Strigiformes – order; Strigidae – family; Surniinae - subfamily
* (genus in Ranunculaceae): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Plantae – kingdom; Viridiplantae – subkingdom; Streptophyta – infrakingdom; Embryophyta – superphylum; Tracheophyta – phylum; Spermatophytina – subphylum; angiosperms, eudicots – clades; Ranunculales – order; Ranunculaceae – family

#### Hyponyms

* (genus in Strigidae): Glaucidium passerinum - type species; for other species see Glaucidium on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* (genus in Ranunculaceae): Glaucidium palmatum - sole accepted species

### References
#### owl

* Glaucidium (owl) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Glaucidium (Strigidae) on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Glaucidium on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN

#### flower

* Glaucidium (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Glaucidium (Ranunculaceae) on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Glaucidium palmatum on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# homonymous
## English
### Etymology

Adapted borrowing of Latin homōnymus (“having the same name”) +‎ -ous, from Ancient Greek ὁμώνυμος (homṓnumos). By surface analysis, homonym +‎ -ous.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adjective

homonymous (not comparable)
* Having the same name as another (i.e., like a namesake).
* Of or pertaining to a homonym.
* (ophthalmology) Having homonymous hemianopsia (blindness in the same side of both eyes)

#### Antonyms

* heteronymous

#### Related terms

* homonymic
* homonymy

#### Translations
### See also

* polysemic

### References

* ↑ “homonymous, adj.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “homonymous (adj.)”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
# muat turun
## Malay
### Etymology

Calque of English download.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mu.at tu.ron]

### Verb

muat turun (Jawi spelling موات تورون, formal active memuat turun, 3rd person passive dimuat turun)
* (Internet, transitive) To download.
    Antonym: muat naik

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* pemuat turun [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* termuat turun [agentless action] (teR-)

### Further reading

* “muat turun” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# мерковац
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak merkovať. Probably cognate with Belarusian меркава́ць (mjerkavácʹ, “to consider, to assume”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mɛrˈkɔvat͡s]
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡s
* Hyphenation: мер‧ко‧вац

### Verb

мерковац (merkovac) impf (perfective померковац)
* (intransitive) to look out, to watch out
    меркуй, нє спаднї ― merkuj, nje spadnji ― watch out, don't fall
* (intransitive) to watch, to watch over, to keep an eye on [with на (na, + dative) ‘something/someone’]
    Synonyms: патриц (patric), чувац (čuvac)
    меркуй(це) на себе! ― merkuj(ce) na sebe! ― take care of yourself! (literally, “watch oneself!”)
    мерковац на шор ― merkovac na šor ― to watch the situation
    меркуй на нашо ствари ― merkuj na našo stvari ― keep an eye on our stuff
* (intransitive) to watch, to observe [with за (za, + instrumental) ‘someone’]
    мерковал сом за нїм кадзи пойдзе ― merkoval som za njim kadzi pojdze ― I watched where he would go
* (intransitive) to be careful, to be on alert
    Synonyms: обрацац увагу (obracac uvahu), попровадзиц (poprovadzic)
* (reflexive with ше (še)) to take care of
* (reflexive with ше (še)) to beware, to be careful
    Synonym: чувац (čuvac)

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* меркуюци (merkujuci)
* меркованє n (merkovanje)
* меркователь m pers (merkovatelʹ)
* меркователька f (merkovatelʹka)
* мерковач m pers (merkovač)
* мерковачка f (merkovačka)
* домерковац pf (domerkovac)
* замерковац pf (zamerkovac)
* замерковйовац impf (zamerkovjovac)
* омерковац pf (omerkovac)
* померковац pf (pomerkovac)
* примерковац pf (primerkovac)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “мерковац”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “watch”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 370
# lose one's head
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /luːz wʌnz hɛd/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Verb

lose one's head (third-person singular simple present loses one's head, present participle losing one's head, simple past and past participle lost one's head)
* (figuratively) To be killed, usually in a gruesome manner.
* (literal) To suffer decapitation.
* (idiomatic) To behave irrationally or to lose one's self-control, especially in a distressing situation or as a result of falling in love.
** 1884, Henry James, chapter 4, in The Author of Beltraffio:Mrs. Ambient's grief was frantic; she lost her head and said strange things.
** 1914, D. H. Lawrence, “A Sick Collier”, in The Prussian Officer and Other Stories:Losing his head entirely, the young collier raved like a madman, what with pain and fear of hospital.
** 1940 November, “Notes and News: A Highland Collision”, in Railway Magazine, page 612:He then had to jump, and appears to have lost his head, as instead of walking the short distance forward to Slochd to let the signalman know what had happened, he started the 6½-mile walk back to Carrbridge.
** 2003 May 6, Bill Keller, “Walter Sisulu, Mandela Mentor and Comrade, Dies at 90”, in New York Times, retrieved 12 Dec. 2009:"He never lost his head in a crisis," Mr. Mandela wrote of his comrade.
* (idiomatic) To be dismissed from a job.

#### Synonyms

(Only applicable to certain senses and situations):
* flip out
* freak out
* head over heels
* in love
* lose one's marbles
* lose one's mind
* off with someone's head
* panic
* wig out

#### Antonyms

* keep one's head

#### Related terms

* lose one's head if it wasn't attached
# مموات تورون
## Malay
### Verb

مموات تورون
* Jawi spelling of memuat turun‎.
# dimuat turun
## Malay
### Etymology

Affixation of di- +‎ muat turun.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [di.mu.at tu.ron]

### Verb

dimuat turun (Jawi spelling دموات تورون)
* Third-person passive of muat turun.
# abfahrtbereit
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈapfaːɐ̯tbəˌʁaɪ̯t]
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ab‧fahrt‧be‧reit

### Adjective

abfahrtbereit (strong nominative masculine singular abfahrtbereiter, not comparable)
* Synonym of abfahrbereit

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “abfahrtbereit” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “abfahrtbereit” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
# iconoclasm
## English
### Etymology

From iconoclast.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /aɪˈkɒnəˌklæzəm/

### Noun

iconoclasm (countable and uncountable, plural iconoclasms)
* The belief in, participation in, or sanction of destroying religious icons and other symbols or monuments, usually with religious or political motives. [1797]
    Synonyms: iconomachy, idoloclasm
    Antonyms: iconodulism, iconoduly, iconoplasm
    Hypernym: desecration
** 2024, Katherine Aron-Beller, Christian Images and Their Jewish Desecrators: The History of an Allegation, 400–1700‎, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, page 8:Finally, “iconoclasm” is a form of desecration and shares its general intention to deny the sacred qualities of an image and to demonstrate that it has no power, to prevent it from being treated as an idol or a rival to God.¹⁴ But not all forms of desecration constitute iconoclasm, though iconoclasm is always a form of desecration.
* (figurative) A challenge to a widely held belief, tradition or cherished institution. [1858]

#### Related terms

* iconoclast
* iconoclastic
* iconoclastically
* iconoclasticism
* iconophobia

#### Translations
### See also

* aniconism

### References

* 1 2 3 Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “iconoclasm”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “iconoclasm”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “iconoclasm”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French iconoclasme.

### Noun

iconoclasm n (uncountable)
* iconoclasm
# monstruosité
## French
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin mōnstruositās. By surface analysis, monstrueux +‎ -ité.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɔ̃s.tʁy.o.zi.te/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -e
* Homophone: monstruosités

### Noun

monstruosité f (plural monstruosités)
* monstrosity

### Further reading

* “monstruosité”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* soumettrions
# утихомиривать
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʊtʲɪxɐˈmʲirʲɪvətʲ]

### Verb

утихоми́ривать • (utixomírivatʹ) impf (perfective утихоми́рить)
* to make calm
# шейтац
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Most likely borrowed from a dialectal variant of Serbo-Croatian шетати / šetati, from Proto-Slavic *šętati.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃɛjtat͡s]
* Rhymes: -ɛjtat͡s
* Hyphenation: шей‧тац

### Verb

шейтац (šejtac) impf (perfective прешейтац)
* (intransitive, chiefly reflexive with ше (še)) to take a walk, to stroll
    Synonym: шпацирац (špacirac)
    нє шейтай ше тельо, виклїпкаш ми хижу ― nje šejtaj še telʹo, vikljipkaš mi xižu ― don't walk so much, you'll cool down my room
* (transitive) to take someone for a walk

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* шейталїще n (šejtaljišče)
* шейталка f (šejtalka)
* шейталов m inan (šejtalov)
* шейтальня f (šejtalʹnja)
* шейтанє n (šejtanje)
* шейтач m pers (šejtač)
* шейтачка f (šejtačka)
* нашейтац pf (našejtac)
* одшейтац pf (odšejtac)
* прешейтац pf (prešejtac)
* пришейтац pf (prišejtac)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “шейтац”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “walk”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 367
# is it just me
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Phrase

is it just me?
* (colloquial, rhetorical question) Am I the only one who thinks this?
** 2013, Faith Bogdan, Who Are All These Children and Why Are They Calling Me Mom?:I was wondering, is it just me, or do you sometimes find it really hard to be a mom?

#### Usage notes

* Rhetorical questions containing "is it just me" are very often asked by English-speaking Internet users, especially on social media, Reddit, namely in the titles of posts as well as questions containing "am I the only one".

#### Related terms

* it is not just you
# Поляков
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pəlʲɪˈkof]

### Proper noun

Поляко́в • (Poljakóv) m anim (genitive Поляко́ва, nominative plural Поляко́вы, genitive plural Поляко́вых, feminine Поляко́ва)
* a surname, Polyakov or Poliakoff

#### Declension

$^1$ Rare.
# Oʻ
## Uzbek
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /o/

### Letter

Oʻ (lower case oʻ, Cyrillic letter Ў)
* The twenty-fifth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

Due to technical limitations, it may be rendered as O', O`, O’, Ò, Õ, or even Ö.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, X x, Y y, Z z, Oʻ oʻ, Gʻ gʻ, Sh sh, Ch ch, Ng ng
# вороженько
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From ворог (voroh) +‎ -енько (-enʹko).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [wɔrɔˈʒɛnʲkɔ]

### Noun

вороже́нько • (vorožénʹko) m pers (genitive вороже́нька, nominative plural вороже́ньки, genitive plural вороже́ньків)
* (folk poetic) Alternative form of воріже́нько (vorižénʹko)

#### Declension
### References

* Hrinchenko, Borys, editor (1907–1909), “вороже́нько”, in Словарь украинского языка [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Russian), Kyiv: Kievskaya starina
* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “вороже́ньки”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “вороже́нько”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (в – відсрібли́тися), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
* “вороженько”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# imperiumpje
## Dutch
### Noun

imperiumpje n (plural imperiumpjes)
* diminutive of imperium
# young pioneer
## English
### Noun

young pioneer (plural young pioneers)
* (communism) A child who is a junior member of a Communist party, or similar movement.

#### See also

* red scarf
# keallahan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From allah +‎ ke- -an

### Noun

keallahan (plural keallahan-keallahan)
* divinity, godhood.
    Synonym: keilahan
# jsme
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech jsme, from Proto-Slavic *esmъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈ(‿j)smɛ], [ˈ(‿j)zmɛ]

### Verb

jsme
* first-person plural present indicative of být

## Old Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *esmъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈjsmɛ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈjsmɛ/

### Verb

jsme
* first-person plural present indicative of býti

#### Descendants

* Czech: jsme
# VOD
## English
### Noun

VOD (countable and uncountable, plural VODs)
* Alternative form of VoD (“video on demand”)

### Anagrams

* DVO, ODV, VDO, vdo
# おほやまとねこのすめらみこと
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of おほやまとねこのすめらみこと – see the following entry. :
| 【大倭根子天皇おおやまとねこのすめらみこと】 | [noun] (honorific) a more respectful term of address for an Emperor or Empress (regnant) of Japan |
(This term, おほやまとねこのすめらみこと (ofoyamatonekonosumeramikoto), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# Մյասնիկյան
## Armenian
### Etymology

Russian мясник (mjasnik, “butcher”) +‎ -յան (-yan)

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /mjɑsniˈkjɑn/, [mjɑsnikjɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /mjɑsniˈɡjɑn/, [mjɑsniɡjɑ́n]

### Proper noun

Մյասնիկյան • (Myasnikyan)
* a surname, Myasnikyan or Miasnikian, originating as an occupation
# quadratic
## English

polynomial degrees :
| Previous: | linear |
| Next: | cubic |

### Alternative forms

* quadratick (obsolete)

### Etymology

From French quadratique (1765), from Latin quadrātus + -ique (English -ic), form of quadrō (“I make square”), from quādrus (“square”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres (“four”), whence also Latin quartus (“fourth”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kwɒdˈɹætɪk/, /kwəˈdɹætɪk/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adjective

quadratic (not comparable)
* Square-shaped.
* (mathematics) Of a polynomial, equation or function, second-degree: involving the second power (square) of a variable but no higher powers, as $ax^{2}+bx+c$.
** 2015 November 17, “Fast Fragmentation of Networks Using Module-Based Attacks”, in PLOS ONE‎, →DOI:A linear or even a quadratic relation between the overall gain in efficiency η and the modularity Q would have been easily explained through S1 Fig, which shows a quadratic (inverse) relation between interedges fraction and modularity.

#### Translations
### Noun

quadratic (plural quadratics)
* (mathematics) A quadratic polynomial, function or equation.
** 1809, Charles Hutton, The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London from Their Commencement in 1665 to the Year 1800, volume 3, page 41:If the binomial roots of a series of quadratics be squaredly squared, and those results be constant portions of the cube of the resolvend, and the dioristic limit; […]

#### Translations
### Usage notes

Not to be confused with quartic (“degree four”). Both derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres (“four”), with quadratic coming from “four-sided”, hence “square, two-dimensional, degree two”.

### Derived terms

* quadratic equation
* quadratic field
* quadratic form
* quadratic formula
* quadratic function
* quadratic integer
* quadratic mean
* quadratic reciprocity
* quadratic residue
* quadratic surd
* quadratic time

### Related terms

* quadrate
* quadrature

### See also

* square

### References

* ↑ “quadratique”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Further reading

* “quadratic”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “quadratic”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
* “quadratic”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
# miazăzi
## Romanian
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin mediam diem. Compare Aromanian njadzã-dzuã; cf. also Catalan migdia, Occitan mieidia, French midi, Italian mezzogiorno, Spanish mediodía and Portuguese meio-dia. Was the traditional word for "south", but was replaced by sud.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mja.zəˈzi/

### Noun

miazăzi f (uncountable)
* (archaic, poetic) south
    Synonym: (standard) sud

#### Antonyms

* nord (standard), miazănoapte (also archaic)

#### Coordinate terms

compass points (native origin): puncte cardinale:
| | miazănoapte | |
| apus | | răsărit |
| | miazăzi | |

#### Related terms

* amiază
* miază
# microesporangio
## Spanish
### Etymology

micro- +‎ esporangio

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mikɾoespoˈɾanxjo/ [mi.kɾo.es.poˈɾãŋ.xjo]
* Rhymes: -anxjo
* Syllabification: mi‧cro‧es‧po‧ran‧gio

### Noun

microesporangio m (plural microesporangios)
* microsporangium
# milerrk
## Woiwurrung
### Noun

milerrk
* grub

### See also

* djeri

### References

* ↑ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/The_aborigines_of_Victoria_-_with_notes_relating_to_the_habits_of_the_natives_of_other_parts_of_Australia_and_Tasmania_%28IA_b24885228_0002%29.pdf
# răsărit
## Romanian
### Etymology

From the verb răsări (“to rise”). Was the traditional word for "east", but now est is used as the standard term.

### Noun

răsărit n (plural răsărituri)
* sunrise
    Antonym: apus
* (poetic) east, Orient

#### Synonyms

* (east): est (standard), orient

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “east”): vest, occident, apus (also uncommon)

#### Coordinate terms

compass points (native origin): puncte cardinale:
| | miazănoapte | |
| apus | | răsărit |
| | miazăzi | |

#### See also

* auroră f
* zori f
# telátko
## Czech
### Alternative forms

* telacko (dialectal)

### Etymology

From tele +‎ -átko.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtɛlaːtko]

### Noun

telátko n
* diminutive of tele

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “telátko”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “telátko”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “telátko”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# ИИ
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [iˈi]
* IPA: [iˈʔi]

### Noun

ИИ́ • (IÍ) m anim (indeclinable)
* (finance) Initialism of иностра́нный инве́стор (inostránnyj invéstor); foreign investor

### Noun

ИИ́ • (IÍ) m inan (indeclinable)
* (information technology) Initialism of иску́сственный интелле́кт (iskússtvennyj intellékt); artificial intelligence
* (medicine) Initialism of ишеми́ческий инсу́льт (išemíčeskij insúlʹt); ischaemic stroke

#### Usage notes

* Mostly used in sense 1 due to the fact that in the 2020s, artificial intelligence technology has become widespread throughout the world, including Russia.

#### Derived terms

* ИИшка (IIška, “a picture made with AI art”)

### Noun

ИИ́ • (IÍ) f inan (indeclinable)
* Initialism of исто́рия иску́сств (istórija iskússtv); art history, history of art, history of the arts
* Initialism of информацио́нная инфраструкту́ра (informaciónnaja infrastruktúra); information infrastructure

### Noun

ИИ́ • (IÍ) n inan (indeclinable)
* (physics) Initialism of ионизи́рующее излуче́ние (ionizírujuščeje izlučénije); ionising radiation
# бира
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch bier via Italian birra and Greek μπίρα (bíra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbirɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

би́ра • (bíra) f (relational adjective би́рен)
* (uncountable) beer
    Synonym: пи́во (pívo)
* (countable) a beer

#### Declension
### References

* “бира”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “бира”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

### Anagrams

* риба (riba), баир (bair)

## Evenki
### Etymology

From Proto-Tungusic *bira. Cognate with Even би̇ра (ʙi̇ra), Manchu ᠪᡳᡵᠠ (bira), etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bi.ra/

### Noun

бира • (bira)
* river

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *birati.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbiɾa]
* Hyphenation: би‧ра

### Verb

бира • (bira) third-singular present, impf (perfective избере or одбере)
* (transitive) to choose, pick

#### Conjugation
### Noun

бира • (bira) f (plural бири)
* (colloquial, obsolete) beer

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “бира” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

### Anagrams

* риба (riba), раби (rabi), баир (bair), бари (bari)
# vóz
## Old Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vozъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈʋoːz/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈvu̯os/

### Noun

vóz m inan
* cart

#### Descendants

* Czech: vůz

### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “vóz”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# คล้ำ
## Thai
### Etymology

From Proto-Tai *klamᴮ (“dark (red”).

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | คล้ำ g l ˆ å |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | คฺล้ำ g ̥ l ˆ å |
| Romanization | Paiboon | klám |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | khlam |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /kʰlam˦˥/ |

### Adjective

คล้ำ • (klám) (abstract noun ความคล้ำ)
* dark; swarthy.

### References

* ↑ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai‎, Cornell University PhD dissertation, page 342
# ร่ม
## Thai
### Etymology

From Proto-Tai *rɤmᴮ (“shade”), from Old Chinese 陰 (OC *qrɯm, “overcast, shade”).
Cognate with Northern Thai ᩁᩫ᩠᩵ᨾ, Lao ຮົ່ມ (hom), Lü ᦷᦣᧄᧈ (hom¹), Shan ႁူမ်ႈ (hūum), Ahom 𑜍𑜤𑜪 (ruṃ), Zhuang raemh, Zuojiang Zhuang loemq.

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic/Phonemic | Orthographic/Phonemic | ร่ม r ˋ m |
| Romanization | Paiboon | rôm |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | rom |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /rom˥˩/ |

### Noun

ร่ม • (rôm)
* shade; shelter.
* place shaded or sheltered (from the sun, rain, etc).
* anything that provides shade or shelter.
** umbrage.
** (classifier คัน) umbrella; parasol.
* (figurative) anyone or anything that provides protection.
* parachute.

#### See also

* ฉัตร (chàt)

### Adjective

ร่ม • (rôm) (abstract noun ความร่ม)
* shaded or sheltered (from the sun, rain, etc).

#### Derived terms

* กระโดดร่ม (grà-dòot-rôm)
* โจนร่ม
* ชบาร่ม
* แดดร่มลมตก
* โดดร่ม
* แตงร่มใบ
* พลร่ม (pon-lá-rôm)
* ไม้ร่มนกจับ
* ร่มเกล้า
* ร่มเกศ
* ร่มชูชีพ (rôm-chuu-chîip)
* ร่มธง
* ร่มผ้า
* ร่มโพธิ์ร่มไทร
* ร่มไม้ชายคา
* ร่มเย็น (rôm-yen)
* ร่มรื่น
* เสือนั่งร่ม

### References

* ↑ Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2009) The Phonology of Proto-Tai‎, Cornell University PhD dissertation, page 335