# 박

| 박 | U+BC15, &#48149; HANGUL SYLLABLE BAG |
| Composition: | ㅂ + ㅏ + ㄱ |
| ← 바 [U+BC14] | Hangul Syllables | 밖 → [U+BC16] |
바박밖밗반밙밚 받발밝밞밟밠밡 밢밣밤밥밦밧밨 방밪밫밬밭밮밯 :
| 미 ← | → 배 |

## Korean
### Etymology 1

First attested in the Gugeupganibang eonhae (救急簡易方諺解 / 구급간이방언해), 1489, as Middle Korean 박〮 (Yale: pák).
However, the twelfth-century history Samguk sagi's explanation of the surname 박(朴) (bak), given below, reveals that the word was used at least as early as 1145, and (if the Sagi's account is to be believed) as early as the first century B.C.E.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [박]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 박의 / 박에 / 박까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.

#### Noun

박 • (bak)
* gourd, calabash
* gourd shell (used as a bottle, dipper, etc.)
* (vulgar) head
    Synonym: (more common) 대가리 (daegari)

##### Derived terms

* 바가지 (bagaji)
* 박타다 (baktada, “to crack open a gourd”)
* 수(水)박 (subak, “watermelon”)
* 호(胡)박 (hobak, “pumpkin”)

### Etymology 2

Modern Korean reading of Hanja 朴.
According to the Samguk sagi, a history written in 1145, the surname was chosen because the legendary founder of the lineage was born from an egg as big as a calabash. Hence the word is the same as "calabash" above. However, some modern scholars have instead seen a connection to ᄇᆞᆰ (Yale: pòlk-, “to be bright”), whence modern 밝다 (bakda).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [박]

#### Proper noun

박 • (Bak) (hanja 朴)
* a surname from Old Korean

##### Usage notes

* The first royal surname of the kingdom of Silla, hence the oldest Korean surname in widespread use; the third most common surname among Koreans today.
* The surname is customarily romanized in English as Park, regardless of local rhoticity.

### Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 拍 (“to pat; classifier for beats”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [박]

#### Noun

박 • (bak) (hanja 拍)
* (music) beat
    Synonym: 박자(拍子) (bakja)
* (historical, music) bak, an instrument in court music

##### Usage notes

* 박(拍) (bak) is more common as a classifier for counting beats, and 박자(拍子) (bakja) is more common when referring to the concept of beats.

##### Derived terms

* See the hanja entry at 拍 for Sino-Korean compounds of 박 (拍, bak).

### Etymology 4

Onomatopoeic.

#### Pronunciation

Ablaut/harmonic pair :
| Yin-form | 벅 (beok) |
| Yang-form | 박 (bak) |
Consonant set :
| Plain | 박 (bak) |
| Intensive | 빡 (ppak) |
* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [박]

#### Ideophone

박 • (bak)
* Conveys the sound of scratching.
* Conveys the sound of tearing of paper or fabric.

##### Derived terms

* 박박 (bakbak)

### Etymology 5

Sino-Korean word from 泊 (“to stay”). Compare Japanese 泊(はく) (haku).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [박]

#### Counter

박 • (bak) (hanja 泊)
* nights stayed (in a journey, a trip)
    1박 2일 ― il-bak i-il ― [a trip of] one night and two days; a trip beginning on a morning and ending on the next day's evening

##### Derived terms

* See the hanja entry at 泊 for Sino-Korean compounds of 박 (泊, bak).

### Etymology 6

Probably a Sino-Korean word from 博 (“to gamble”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [박]

#### Noun

박 • (bak)
* (uncommon, idiomatic) being the banker or dealer in gambling; the banker or dealer
    박을 쥐다 ― bag-eul jwida ― to become the dealer

#### Counter

박 • (bak)
* (uncommon, idiomatic) unit of money spent during a round of gambling
    한 박 먹다 ― han bak meokda ― to win a round of gambling

### Etymology 7

Probably a Sino-Korean word from 撲 (“to strike”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [박]

#### Noun

박 • (bak)
* (rare) criticism
    Synonym: 타박 (tabak)

### Etymology 8

Of native Korean origin. Probably from the verb 박다 (bakda, “to insert, to block”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [박]

#### Noun

박 • (bak)
* (rare) item used to stop leakage in the planks of a (traditional) ship

### Etymology 9

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

#### Syllable

박 • (bak)
* 搏: to knock; to beat; to tap
    (eumhun reading: 두드릴 박 (dudeuril bak)) (MC reading: 搏 (MC pjuH|phak|pak))
* 泊: to stay; to remain
    (eumhun reading: 머무를 박 (meomureul bak)) (MC reading: 泊 (MC bak))
* 拍: to clap; beat or rhythm
    (eumhun reading: 칠 박 (chil bak)) (MC reading: 拍 (MC phaek))
* 扑: to hit, to have sex
    (eumhun reading: 칠 박 (chil bak)) (MC reading: 扑 (MC phuwk))
* 迫: to persecute
    (eumhun reading: 핍박할 박 (pipbakhal bak)) (MC reading: 迫 (MC paek))
* 朴: naïve and innocent
    (eumhun reading: 숟도욀 박 (sutdooel bak)) (MC reading: 朴 (MC phaewk))
* 博: wide; broad; spacious
    (eumhun reading: 넓을 박 (neolbeul bak)) (MC reading: 博 (MC pak))
* 薄: slim; thin
    (eumhun reading: 엷다 박 (yeolda bak)) (MC reading: 薄 (MC bak))
* 珀: amber
    (eumhun reading: 호박 박 (hobak bak)) (MC reading: 珀 (MC phaek))
* 撲: to hit; to strike; to punch
    (eumhun reading: 칠 박 (chil bak)) (MC reading: 撲 (MC phuwk))
* 璞: unrefined precious stone
    (eumhun reading: 옥돌 박 (okdol bak)) (MC reading: 璞 (MC phaewk))
* 鉑: gilt, gold leaf, platinum
    (eumhun reading: 금박 박 (geumbak bak)) (MC reading: 鉑)
* 舶: vessel; ship
    (eumhun reading: 배 박 (bae bak)) (MC reading: 舶 (MC baek))
* 剝: to remove; to peel; to strip
    (eumhun reading: 벗길 박 (beotgil bak)) (MC reading: 剝 (MC paewk))
* 樸: simple; naïve; innocent
    (eumhun reading: 순박할 박 (sunbakhal bak)) (MC reading: 樸 (MC bu|buwk|puwk|phaewk))
* 箔: reed screen; foil
    (eumhun reading: 발 박 (bal bak)) (MC reading: 箔 (MC bak))
* 粕: lees; dreg; sediment
    (eumhun reading: 지게미 박 (jigemi bak)) (MC reading: 粕 (MC phak))
* 縛: to tie
    (eumhun reading: 얽을 박 (eolgeul bak)) (MC reading: 縛 (MC baH|bjak))
* 膊: upperarm and forearm
    (eumhun reading: 팔뚝 박 (palttuk bak)) (MC reading: 膊 (MC phak))
* 雹: hail
    (eumhun reading: 우박 박 (ubak bak)) (MC reading: 雹 (MC baewk))
* 駁: to refute; to rebut
    (eumhun reading: 논박할 박 (nonbakhal bak)) (MC reading: 駁 (MC paewk))
* 亳: placename in ancient China
    (eumhun reading: 땅이름 박 (ttang'ireum bak)) (MC reading: 亳 (MC bak))
* 欂: a large-scale wooden building, roofed over a pillar, and one after another.
    (eumhun reading: 두공 박 (dugong bak)) (MC reading: 欂 (MC pak|bjaek|beak))
* 牔: a gable
    (eumhun reading: 박공 박 (bakgong bak)) (MC reading: 牔)
* 鎛: a type of bell
    (eumhun reading: 종 박 (jong bak)) (MC reading: 鎛 (MC pak))
* 駮: to refute, rebut
    (eumhun reading: 논박할 박 (nonbakhal bak)) (MC reading: 駮 (MC paewk))
* 髆: the shoulder joint and bone
    (eumhun reading: 어깻죽지뼈 박 (eokkaetjukjippyeo bak)) (MC reading: 髆 (MC pak))
* 㗘: to chew
    (eumhun reading: 씹을 박 (ssibeul bak)) (MC reading: 㗘 (MC pak))
* 敀: to persecute
    (eumhun reading: 핍박할 박 (pipbakhal bak)) (MC reading: 敀 (MC paek|phaek))
* 䶈: rat, mouse
    (eumhun reading: 쥐 박 (jwi bak)) (MC reading: 䶈 (MC pak))
* 礴: to mix
    (eumhun reading: 뒤섞일 박 (dwiseokkil bak)) (MC reading: 礴 (MC bak))
* 䪨: rhyme
    (eumhun reading: 박,운 박 (bak,un bak)) (MC reading: 䪨)
* 狛: the name of a beast
    (eumhun reading: 짐승의 이름 박 (jimseung'ui ireum bak)) (MC reading: 狛)
* 噗: the sound of a blast
    (eumhun reading: 뿜는 소리 박 (ppumneun sori bak)) (MC reading: 噗)
* 檏: Alternative form of 樸
    (eumhun reading: 나무 빽빽할 박 (namu ppaekppaekhal bak)) (MC reading: 檏)
* 擈: Alternative form of 撲
    (eumhun reading: 두드릴 박 (dudeuril bak)) (MC reading: 擈)
* 煿: to explode, dry
    (eumhun reading: 말릴 박 (mallil bak)) (MC reading: 煿)
* 彴: a shooting star, meteor
    (eumhun reading: 별똥 박 (byeolttong bak)) (MC reading: 彴 (MC tsyak))
* 㩧: to hit, strike
    (eumhun reading: 칠 박 (chil bak)) (MC reading: 㩧 (MC baewk|phaewk))
* 暴: skin and bones, thin, bare
    (eumhun reading: 앙상할 박 (angsanghal bak)) (MC reading: 暴 (MC bawH|buwk))
* 爆: to sear; scorch
    (eumhun reading: 지질 박 (jijil bak)) (MC reading: 爆 (MC paewH|paewk|pak))
* 嚗: to vent one's anger
    (eumhun reading: 역정 낼 박 (yeokjeong nael bak)) (MC reading: 嚗 (MC paewk))
* 襮: embroidered collar
    (eumhun reading: 수놓은 깃 박 (suno'eun git bak)) (MC reading: 襮 (MC powk|pak))
* 懪: stuffy
    (eumhun reading: 답답할 박 (dapdaphal bak)) (MC reading: 懪 (MC baewk))
* 窇: a tillar, sprout
    (eumhun reading: 움 박 (um bak)) (MC reading: 窇 (MC baewk))
* 蒪: a Japanese ginger sprout
    (eumhun reading: 양하 박 (yangha bak)) (MC reading: 蒪 (MC phak))
* 趵: the sound of a kick
    (eumhun reading: 차는 소리 박 (chaneun sori bak)) (MC reading: 趵 (MC paewk))
* 瞨: dark
    (eumhun reading: 어두울 박 (eoduul bak)) (MC reading: 瞨 (MC bowk))
* 铂: Alternative form of 鉑
    (eumhun reading: 금박 박 (geumbak bak)) (MC reading: 铂)
* 驳: Alternative form of 駮
    (eumhun reading: 논박할 박 (nonbakhal bak)) (MC reading: 驳)
* 䥬: big bell
    (eumhun reading: 큰 종 박 (keun jong bak)) (MC reading: 䥬)
* 啪: the sound of a crash
    (eumhun reading: 부딪히는 소리 박 (budichineun sori bak)) (MC reading: 啪)
* 愽: wide, broad
    (eumhun reading: 넓을 박 (neolbeul bak)) (MC reading: 愽)
* 䪨: rhyme
    (eumhun reading: 운 박 (un bak)) (MC reading: 䪨)
* 礡: widely covered
    (eumhun reading: 널리 덟힐 박 (neolli deolpil bak)) (MC reading: 礡)
* 萡: unknown, unidentified
    (eumhun reading: 미상 박 (misang bak)) (MC reading: 萡)
* 烞: to explode
    (eumhun reading: 터질 박 (teojil bak)) (MC reading: 烞)
* 簙: articles used to make silkworms work.
    (eumhun reading: 섶 박 (seop bak)) (MC reading: 簙 (MC pak))
* 釙: untempered iron, polonium
    (eumhun reading: 불리지 않은 쇠 박 (bulliji aneun soe bak)) (MC reading: 釙)
* 餺: sujebi, korean traditional food
    (eumhun reading: 수제비 박 (sujebi bak)) (MC reading: 餺 (MC pak))
* 䗚: praying mantis egg
    (eumhun reading: 버마재비 알 박 (beomajaebi al bak)) (MC reading: 䗚 (MC pak))
* 猼: the name of a beast
    (eumhun reading: 짐승 이름 박 (jimseung ireum bak)) (MC reading: 猼 (MC pak))
* 颮: the flapping of the wings, storm whirlwind
    (eumhun reading: 날개 치는 소리, 폭풍 박 (nalgae chineun sori, pokpung bak)) (MC reading: 颮 (MC baew|phaewk))
* 骲: a bone arrowhead
    (eumhun reading: 뼈살촉 박 (ppyeosalchok bak)) (MC reading: 骲 (MC baewX|baewH|phuwk|baewk))
* 炇: intense fire
    (eumhun reading: 불이 성할 박 (buri seonghal bak)) (MC reading: 炇)
* 砶: amber
    (eumhun reading: 호박 박 (hobak bak)) (MC reading: 砶)
* 㴖: bank, embankment, dike
    (eumhun reading: 방죽 박 (bangjuk bak)) (MC reading: 㴖)
* 䨔: hail
    (eumhun reading: 우박 박 (ubak bak)) (MC reading: 䨔)
* 镤: cast iron, protactinium
    (eumhun reading: 무쇠 박 (musoe bak)) (MC reading: 镤)
* 㹒: bull
    (eumhun reading: 수소 박 (suso bak)) (MC reading: 㹒 (MC phaewk))

### References

* ↑ 辰人謂瓠爲朴，以初大卵如瓠，故以朴爲姓。 / 辰人谓瓠为朴，以初大卵如瓠，故以朴为姓。 (“The Jin people called calabashes pak, and since the great egg at the beginning [of the lineage] was like a calabash, they used pak as their surname.”)

### Further reading

* Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo).