# 謔

| 謔 | U+8B14, &#35604; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B14 |
| ← 謓 [U+8B13] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 謕 → [U+8B15] |

## Translingual
### Han character

謔 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 卜口卜心一 (YRYPM), four-corner 0161$_4$, composition ⿰訁虐)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1175, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35810
* Dae Jaweon: page 1639, character 26
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3996, character 13
* Unihan data for U+8B14

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 虐 | *ŋawɢ |
| 瘧 | *ŋawɢ |
| 謔 | *hŋawɢ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xuè, nüè
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˋ, ㄋㄩㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): joek$^6$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): hiog$^5$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): goeh$^7$ / gyeh$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): gio̍h / hiok / hiak / giok / giak / hio̍k / gio̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ngiag$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuè
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuè
*** Wade–Giles: hsüeh$^4$
*** Yale: sywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiueh
*** Palladius: сюэ (sjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nüè
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nyuè
*** Wade–Giles: nüeh$^4$
*** Yale: nywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niueh
*** Palladius: нюэ (njue)
*** Sinological IPA : /ny̯ɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: joek$^6$
*** Yale: yeuhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: joek$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yêg$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jœːk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hiog$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /hiɔk̚¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: goeh$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /kœʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gyeh$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /kyøʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gio̍h
*** Tâi-lô: gio̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gioih
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ɡioʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiɤʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡioʔ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiok
*** Tâi-lô: hiok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiog
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiak
*** Tâi-lô: hiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiag
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiak̚³²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giok
*** Tâi-lô: giok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: giog
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡiɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giak
*** Tâi-lô: giak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: giag
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡiak̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hio̍k
*** Tâi-lô: hio̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiok
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hiɔk̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gio̍k
*** Tâi-lô: gio̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: giok
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡiɔk̚⁴/
* gio̍h - vernacular (“to mock”);
* hiok/hiak - literary.
* Middle Chinese: xjak
Rime :
| Character | 謔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 藥 (107) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 虚約切 |
| Baxter | xjak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hɨɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hiɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hɨak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /xiak̚/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭak̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xi̯ak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xue |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hoek$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ̊(r)awk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hŋawɢ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 謔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xuè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xjak › |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋ̊(r)awk/ |
| English | ridicule, jest (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 謔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9638 |
| Phonetic component | 虐 |
| Rime group | 藥 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*hŋawɢ/ |

### Definitions

謔
* (literary or Hokkien) to crack a joke; to banter; to tease; to mock
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) joy

#### Compounds

* 俳謔 / 俳谑
* 南樓詠謔 / 南楼咏谑
* 嘲謔 / 嘲谑 (cháoxuè)
* 戲謔 / 戏谑 (xìxuè)
* 調謔 / 调谑
* 諧謔 / 谐谑 (xiéxuè)
* 謔喙 / 谑喙 (Min Nan)
* 謔喙訣 / 谑喙诀 (Min Nan)
* 謔浪 / 谑浪
* 謔浪笑敖 / 谑浪笑敖
* 謔浪話頭 / 谑浪话头
* 謔潲 / 谑潲 (Min Nan)
* 謔燒 / 谑烧 (Min Nan)
* 謔稱 / 谑称 (xuèchēng)
* 謔而不虐 / 谑而不虐 (xuè'érbùnüè)
* 謔親 / 谑亲
* 謔謔 / 谑谑 (xuèxuè)
* 雅謔 / 雅谑

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “谑”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 271.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: かく (kaku)
* Kan-on: きゃく (kyaku)
* Kan’yō-on: ぎゃく (gyaku)
* Kun: たわむれる (tawamureru, 謔れる)

## Korean
### Hanja

謔 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.