# 料

| 料 | U+6599, &#26009; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6599 |
| ← 斘 [U+6598] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 斚 → [U+659A] |
| 料 | U+F9BE, &#63934; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9BE |
| ← 尿 [U+F9BD] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 樂 → [U+F9BF] |

## Translingual
### Han character

料 (Kangxi radical 68, 斗+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 火木卜十 (FDYJ), four-corner 9490$_0$, composition ⿰米斗)

#### Derived characters

* 𠺫, 𰌔, 𰔛, 𫃼, 𬝮, 窲, 𱸚, 𰒄, 𰘑

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 478, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13501
* Dae Jaweon: page 836, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2253, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6599
* Unihan data for U+F9BE

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 料 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 料 | *reːw, *reːws |
| 炓 | *reːws |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 米 (“rice”) + 斗 (“dipper”) – to measure; to gauge.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liào (liao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): liu$^{6-2}$ / liu$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): liau
    (Meixian, Guangdong): liau$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): liau$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): liāu
* Eastern Min (BUC): lâiu / liêu / lièu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lieo$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): liāu / liau
    (Teochew, Peng'im): liao$^7$ / liou$^7$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): liao$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$liau
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): liau$^4$ / liau$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liào
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liào
*** Wade–Giles: liao$^4$
*** Yale: lyàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liaw
*** Palladius: ляо (ljao)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liàor
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄠˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liàor
*** Wade–Giles: liao$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: lyàur
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liawl
*** Palladius: ляор (ljaor)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯aʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: liu$^{6-2}$ / liu$^6$
*** Yale: líu / liuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: liu$^{6-2}$ / liu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: liu$^{6-2}$ / liu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /liːu̯²²⁻³⁵/, /liːu̯²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liau
*** Hakka Romanization System: liau
*** Hagfa Pinyim: liau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /li̯au̯⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: liau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /liau⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: liau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /liau⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: liāu
*** Sinological IPA : /liau⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lâiu / liêu / lièu
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ɑu²⁴²/, /l̃iɛu²⁴²/, /l̃ieu⁵³/
* lâiu - vernacular (noun);
** liêu - literary (verb:
** “to measure; to consider; to estimate”);
** lièu - obsolete literary (verb:
** “to oversee; to manage”), now merged into liêu.
* Middle Chinese: lewH
Rime :
| Character | 料 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 力弔切 |
| Baxter | lewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /leu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /leu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /leu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɛw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /leu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /lieu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lieu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | liào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | liu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤew-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*reːws/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 料 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | liào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lew$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]ˁew-s/ |
| English | measure (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 料 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 8069 |
| Phonetic component | 料 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𩕐 |
| Old Chinese | /*reːws/ |

#### Definitions

料
* to anticipate; to predict; to foresee; to expect
** 1979, “我是癡情無限”, in 黃沾 (lyrics), 知己同心, performed by 關菊英:
       zoeng$^1$ loi$^4$ naan$^4$ liu$^6$ wui$^5$ jyu$^4$ ho$^4$ [Jyutping]
       how the future will be is difficult to predict
* to oversee; to manage; to deal with
* material; matter; substance
* ingredient; constituent; component
* material (person or thing suited for a certain purpose); makings
       Tā bùshì dāngbīng de liào. [Pinyin]
       He is not born to be a soldier.
* (Cantonese) information

##### Synonyms

* (material; makings): 料子 (liàozi)

#### Compounds

* 下腳料 / 下脚料 (xiàjiǎoliào)
* 不出所料 (bùchūsuǒliào)
* 不夠料 / 不够料
* 不料 (bùliào)
* 不料量
* 世事難料 / 世事难料 (shìshìnánliào)
* 丟磚料瓦 / 丢砖料瓦
* 乾料 / 干料
* 作料
* 佐料 (zuǒliào)
* 個人資料 / 个人资料
* 偷工減料 / 偷工减料 (tōugōngjiǎnliào)
* 備料 / 备料 (bèiliào)
* 六料
* 冇料
* 出乎意料 (chūhūyìliào)
* 出人意料 (chūrényìliào)
* 加料 (jiāliào)
* 化學肥料 / 化学肥料 (huàxué féiliào)
* 原料 (yuánliào)
* 史料 (shǐliào)
* 合成染料
* 呆滯物料 / 呆滞物料
* 吸聲材料 / 吸声材料
* 呢料
* 嗑牙料嘴
* 嚟料
* 四料簡 / 四料简
* 坯料 (pīliào)
* 執料 / 执料
* 堅料 / 坚料
* 報料 / 报料 (bàoliào)
* 塗料 / 涂料 (túliào)
* 塑料
* 大料 (dàliào)
* 套料
* 始料不及 (shǐliàobùjí)
* 始料未及 (shǐliàowèijí)
* 孰料 (shúliào)
* 完全肥料
* 官料藥 / 官料药
* 宿料
* 寬打料帳 / 宽打料帐
* 工料 (gōngliào)
* 布料 (bùliào)
* 廣告顏料 / 广告颜料
* 廢料 / 废料 (fèiliào)
* 建築材料 / 建筑材料 (jiànzhù cáiliào)
* 急料子
* 意料 (yìliào)
* 才料
* 打料
* 打料帳 / 打料帐
* 挑牙料脣 / 挑牙料唇
* 挑脣料嘴 / 挑唇料嘴
* 攞料 / 𫽋料
* 放料
* 敷料 (fūliào)
* 料不到
* 料中 (liàozhòng)
* 料事
* 料事如神 (liàoshìrúshén)
* 料件子
* 料到 (liàodào)
* 料及 (liàojí)
* 料嘴
* 料器 (liàoqì)
* 料子 (liàozi)
* 料定 (liàodìng)
* 料峭 (liàoqiào)
* 料度
* 料想 (liàoxiǎng)
* 料應 / 料应
* 料持
* 料敵 / 料敌 (liàodí)
* 料敵制勝 / 料敌制胜
* 料敵若神 / 料敌若神
* 料毛
* 料然
* 料物
* 料理 (liàolǐ)
* 料算
* 料絲燈 / 料丝灯
* 料羅灣 / 料罗湾
* 料草
* 料莫
* 料袋
* 料豆兒 / 料豆儿
* 料貨 / 料货
* 料遠若近 / 料远若近
* 料酒 (liàojiǔ)
* 料鈔 / 料钞
* 料錢 / 料钱
* 斬料 / 斩料
* 春寒料峭
* 有料 (yǒuliào)
* 有機肥料 / 有机肥料 (yǒujī féiliào)
* 有氧飲料 / 有氧饮料
* 木料 (mùliào)
* 未料 (wèiliào)
* 材料 (cáiliào)
* 果如所料
* 果料兒 / 果料儿 (guǒliàor)
* 染料 (rǎnliào)
* 核子燃料
* 核廢料 / 核废料 (héfèiliào)
* 核燃料 (héránliào)
* 核能廢料 / 核能废料
* 次級資料 / 次级资料
* 毛料 (máoliào)
* 氟塑料
* 水泥熟料
* 油料 (yóuliào)
* 流料
* 減工偷料 / 减工偷料
* 漆料
* 漫頭一料 / 漫头一料
* 焊接材料
* 焊料 (hànliào)
* 無料 / 无料
* 無機肥料 / 无机肥料 (wújī féiliào)
* 照料 (zhàoliào)
* 熟料材兒 / 熟料材儿
* 燃料 (ránliào)
* 燃料油 (ránliàoyóu)
* 燃料礦物 / 燃料矿物
* 爆料 (bàoliào)
* 爛料 / 烂料
* 物料 (wùliào)
* 生料
* 用料 (yòngliào)
* 畫料 / 画料
* 發光顏料 / 发光颜料
* 直接肥料 (zhíjiē féiliào)
* 真材實料 / 真材实料 (zhēncáishíliào)
* 知人料事
* 石刻史料
* 石化材料
* 碎料 (suìliào)
* 磕牙料嘴
* 磨料
* 笑料 (xiàoliào)
* 粗料
* 納草納料 / 纳草纳料
* 統計資料 / 统计资料
* 耐火材料
* 肥料 (féiliào)
* 苦土肥料
* 草料 (cǎoliào)
* 衣料 (yīliào)
* 複合材料 / 复合材料 (fùhé cáiliào)
* 複合肥料 / 复合肥料
* 詎料 / 讵料 (jùliào)
* 話料 / 话料
* 語料 / 语料 (yǔliào)
* 語料庫 / 语料库 (yǔliàokù)
* 調味料 / 调味料 (tiáowèiliào)
* 豈料 / 岂料 (qǐliào)
* 資料 / 资料 (zīliào)
* 資料傳輸 / 资料传输
* 資料庫 / 资料库 (zīliàokù)
* 資料檔 / 资料档
* 資料索引 / 资料索引
* 資料處理 / 资料处理
* 資料通訊 / 资料通讯
* 賣嘴料舌 / 卖嘴料舌
* 質料 / 质料 (zhìliào)
* 足料
* 軟飲料 / 软饮料 (ruǎnyǐnliào)
* 迭料
* 逆料 (nìliào)
* 速效肥料
* 運動飲料 / 运动饮料 (yùndòng yǐnliào)
* 遲效肥料 / 迟效肥料
* 邊角料 / 边角料 (biānjiǎoliào)
* 都料匠
* 配料 (pèiliào)
* 金屬材料 / 金属材料
* 防水材料
* 陶瓷材料
* 隱形塗料 / 隐形涂料
* 雙料 / 双料 (shuāngliào)
* 電料 / 电料 (diànliào)
* 非書資料 / 非书资料
* 鞣料
* 預拌料 / 预拌料
* 預料 / 预料 (yùliào)
* 顏料 / 颜料 (yánliào)
* 食料 (shíliào)
* 飲料 / 饮料 (yǐnliào)
* 飼料 / 饲料 (sìliào)
* 飼料作物 / 饲料作物
* 飼料奶粉 / 饲料奶粉
* 養料 / 养料 (yǎngliào)
* 餌料生物 / 饵料生物
* 香料 (xiāngliào)
* 香料群島 / 香料群岛
* 麩料 / 麸料

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liáo (liao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄠˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liáo
*** Wade–Giles: liao$^2$
*** Yale: lyáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liau
*** Palladius: ляо (ljao)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: lew
Rime :
| Character | 料 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 落蕭切 |
| Baxter | lew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /leu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /leu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /leu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɛw/ |
| Li Rong | /leu/ |
| Wang Li | /lieu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lieu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | liáo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | liu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*reːw/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 料 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 8068 |
| Phonetic component | 料 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 聊 |
| Old Chinese | /*reːw/ |

#### Definitions

料
* Alternative form of 撩 (“to tease; to provoke”)

### Pronunciation 3

* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): liau
    (Meixian, Guangdong): liau$^4$
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liau
*** Hakka Romanization System: liau
*** Hagfa Pinyim: liau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /li̯au̯⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: liau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /liau⁵³/

#### Definitions

料
* (Hakka) Alternative form of 嫽

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
* fee
* materials

#### Readings

* Go-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: りょう (ryō, Jōyō)
* Kun: はかる (hakaru, 料る)

#### Compounds

* 料(りょう)金(きん) (ryōkin)
* 原(げん)料(りょう) (genryō)
* 料(りょう)理(り) (ryōri)
* 材(ざい)料(りょう) (zairyō)
* 調(ちょう)味(み)料(りょう) (chōmiryō)
* 無(む)料(りょう) (muryō)
* 飲(いん)料(りょう) (inryō)
* 賃(ちん)料(りょう) (chinryō)
* 有(ゆう)料(りょう) (yūryō)
* 香(こう)料(りょう) (kōryō)
* 史(し)料(りょう) (shiryō)
* 材(ざい)料(りょう)費(ひ) (zairyōhi)
* みかじめ料(りょう) (mikajimeryō)
* 挨(あい)拶(さつ)料(りょう) (aisatsuryō)
* 立(たち)退(のき)料(りょう) (tachinokiryō)
* 料(りょう)額(がく)印(いん)面(めん) (ryōgakuinmen)
* Kanji in this term
* 料
* りょう Grade: 4
* on'yomi

### Suffix

料(りょう) • (-ryō)
* fee, cost
* material of something

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 料 (MC lew|lewH).
Recorded as Middle Korean 뇨 (nywo) (Yale: nyo) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
From Middle Chinese 料 (MC lew)
* Recorded as Middle Korean 료ᇢ (Yale: lyow) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
From Middle Chinese 料 (MC lewH)
* Recorded as Middle Korean 료ᇢ〮 (Yale: lyów) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

### Pronunciation

* (initial position)
** (material; to predict; etc.):
*** (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jo]
*** Phonetic hangul: [요]
** (fee; price; etc.):
*** (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jo(ː)]
*** Phonetic hangul: [요(ː)]
**** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
* (non-initial position)
** (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɾjo]
** Phonetic hangul: [료]

### Hanja

Wikisource 料 (eumhun 헤아릴 료 (hearil ryo), word-initial (South Korea) 헤아릴 요 (hearil yo))
* hanja form of 료/요 (“fee; price; cost; count”)
* hanja form of 료/요 (“material; ingredient”)
* hanja form of 료/요 (“to predict; to anticipate”)

#### Compounds

* 과료 (科料, gwaryo)
* 과료 (過料, gwaryo)
* 도료 (塗料, doryo)
* 무료 (無料, muryo)
* 비료 (肥料, biryo)
* 사료 (史料, saryo)
* 사료 (思料, saryo)
* 사료 (飼料, saryo)
* 연료 (燃料, yeollyo)
* 염료 (染料, yeomnyo)
* 요금 (料金, yogeum)
* 요리 (料理, yori)
* 원료 (原料, wollyo)
* 유료 (有料, yuryo)
* 음료 (飮料, eumnyo)
* 자료 (資料, jaryo)
* 재료 (材料, jaeryo)
* 향신료 (香辛料, hyangsillyo)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

料: Hán Nôm readings: liệu, liều, xệu, lẽo, liêu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.