# پولاد
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* فولاد (fulâd)

### Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pwlʾpt'), 𐫛𐫇𐫓𐫀𐫇𐫅 (pwlʾwd /⁠pōlāwad⁠/). Probably from Old Persian *paurāvat-/*paurāvatī (meaning: “(equipped) with sharp metal blade”). Cognate with Iranian borrowing Old Armenian պողովատ (połovat), պողոպատ (połopat).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [poː.ˈlɑːð]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰoː.lɑ́ːd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰoː.lɑ́ːd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [pʰoː.lɑ́ːd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [pʰʊː.lɔ́ːd̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [pʰuː.lɒ́ːd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [pʰɵ.lɔ́d̪]

### Noun

پولاد • (pōlād) (Classical Persian Transliteration)
* Early Classical form of فولاد (fulâd, “steel”)

#### Derived terms

* پولادبازو (pōlād-bāzū) (Classical Persian)
* پولادخای (pōlād-xāy) (Classical Persian)
* پولاددست (pōlād-dast) (Classical Persian)
* پولادرنگ (pōlād-rang) (Classical Persian)
* پولادرگ (pōlād-rag) (Classical Persian)
* پولادریز (pōlād-rīz) (Classical Persian)
* پولادریزی (pōlād-rīzī) (Classical Persian)
* پولادسای (pōlād-sāy) (Classical Persian)
* پولادسم (pōlād-sum) (Classical Persian)
* پولادسنب (pōlād-sunb) (Classical Persian)
* پولادسنج (pōlād-sanj) (Classical Persian)
* پولادمیخ (pōlād-mīx) (Classical Persian)
* پولادنعل (pōlād-na'l) (Classical Persian)
* پولادوار (pōlād-wār) (Classical Persian)
* پولادپوش (pōlād-pōš) (Classical Persian)
* پولادگداز (pōlād-gudāz) (Classical Persian)
* پولادگدازی (pōlād-gudāzī) (Classical Persian)
* پولادی (pōlādī) (Classical Persian)
* پولادین (pōdīn) (Classical Persian)

#### Descendants

* → Arabic: فُولَاذ (fūlāḏ), بُولَاد (būlād)
** Andalusian Arabic: فُولَاذ
** Egyptian Arabic: بولاد (bulād)
* → Aramaic:
** Classical Syriac: ܦܘܠܕ (pūlāḏ)
* → Azerbaijani: polad
* → Bashkir: Булат (Bulat)
* → Buryat: булад (bulad)
* → Chagatai:
** Uyghur:
    Arabic script: پولات (polat)
    Cyrillic script: полат (polat)
** Uzbek:
    Cyrillic script: пўлат (poʻlat)
    Latin script: poʻlat
* → Georgian: ფოლადი (poladi)
** → Bats: ფოლად (polad)
** → Mingrelian: ფოლანდი (polandi), ფულანდი (pulandi)
** → Svan: ფოლა̈დ (poläd)
* → Gujarati: પોલાદ (polād)
* → Hebrew: פלדה (pladá)
* → Kazakh:
    Arabic script: بولات
    Cyrillic script: болат (bolat)
* → Kyrgyz: болот (bolot)
* → Middle Armenian: փոլատ (pʻolat), փօլատ (pʻōlat)
* → Middle Mongol:
** Classical Mongolian: ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠳ (bolud)
*** Mongolian:
    Mongolian script: ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠳ (bolud)
    Cyrillic script: болд (bold)
** → Chinese: 孛羅 / 孛罗 (Bóluó)
** → Written Oirat: ᡋᡆᠯᡆᡑ (bolod)
*** Kalmyk: болд (bold)
* → Ossetian: болат (bolat) (via Turkic)
* → Russian: булат (bulat) (via Turkic)
** → English: bulat
* → Ottoman Turkish: پولاد (pûlâd, polâd)
** Turkish: polat
* Siberian Turkic (via Kipchak or Mongolic):
** → Khakas: молат (molat)
** → Shor: молат (molat)
** → Northern Altai: полот (polot)
** → Tofa: болат (bolat)
** → Tuvan: болат (bolat)
* → Turkmen: polat

### Proper noun

پولاد • (pôlâd)
* a male given name, Poulad or Poolad

#### Descendants

* → Bashkir: Булат (Bulat), Бикбулат (Bikbulat)
* → Kazakh: Болат (Bolat)
* → Kyrgyz: Болот (Bolot)
* → Turkish: Polat
* → Uyghur: پولات (polat)

### References

* MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “pōlāwad”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 69
* Hassandoust, Mohammad (2014), “پولاد”, in فرهنگ ریشه‌شناختی زبان فارسی (Etymological Dictionary of Persian), Volume 2, Tehran, Iran: گروه نشر آثار فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی (Academy of Persian Language and Literature Press), p. 751