# jarum
## Bonggi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay jarum.

### Noun

jarum
* needle

### References

* Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

## Eastern Cham
### Alternative forms

* ꨎꨣꨭꩌ

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʑa.rum/

### Noun

jarum
* needle

## Iban
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *jarum, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum.

### Noun

jarum
* needle (implement maintly for sewing)

### References

* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*zaRum”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay jarum, from Proto-Malayic *jarum, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum. Doublet of dom.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒarum/ [ˈd͡ʒa.rʊm]
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arum
* Syllabification: ja‧rum

### Noun

jarum (plural jarum-jarum)
* needle (implement maintly for sewing)

#### Derived terms

* berjarum
* jarum-jarum
* jaruman
* menjarum
* jarum arloji
* jarum biku
* jarum goni
* jarum halus
* jarum jahit
* jarum jam
* jarum kait
* jarum karung
* jarum layar
* jarum panjang
* jarum pendek
* jarum pentol
* jarum rajut
* jarum renda
* jarum semat
* jarum suntik
* jarum tisik

### References

* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*zaRum”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Further reading

* “jarum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Karo Batak
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum.

### Noun

jarum
* needle (implement for sewing etc.)

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *jarum, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum. Compare to Javanese dom.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒarum/
* (Johor-Riau) IPA: [d͡ʒärʊm, -om, -o̞m]
* Rhymes: -arum
* Hyphenation: ja‧rum

### Noun

jarum (Jawi spelling جاروم, plural jarum-jarum, informal 1st possessive jarumku, 2nd possessive jarummu, 3rd possessive jarumnya)
* needle (implement mainly for sewing)

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* penjaruman [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
* jaruman [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
* jarumi [causative (locative) benefactive] (-i)
* menjarum [agent focus] (meN-)
* menjarumi [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
* dijarumi [patient focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (di- + -i)
* terjarum [agentless action] (teR-)
* berjarum [stative / habitual] (beR-)

#### Descendants

* Baba Malay: jarom
* Indonesian: jarum
* Kupang Malay: jarom
* Manado Malay: jarom
* → Bonggi: jarum
* → Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh: jaarum
* → Jehai: jarum
* → Pamona: jaru
* → Rungus: jarum
* → Semai: jarup
* → Temiar: jarup
* → Timugon Murut: jarum
* →⇒? Tagalog: paraluman (“compass”)

### Further reading

* “jarum” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*zaRum”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

## Sasak
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum.

### Noun

jarum
* needle (implement mainly for sewing)

### Further reading

* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*zaRum”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

## Toba Batak
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum.

### Noun

jarum (Batak spelling ᯐᯒᯮᯔ᯲)
* needle (implement mainly for sewing)

### Further reading

* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*zaRum”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI