# 姆

| 姆 | U+59C6, &#22982; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59C6 |
| ← 姅 [U+59C5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 姇 → [U+59C7] |

## Translingual
### Han character

姆 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女田卜戈 (VWYI), four-corner 4745$_0$, composition ⿰女母)

#### Derived characters

* 𫪰, 𦲝

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 258, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6159
* Dae Jaweon: page 523, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1041, character 13
* Unihan data for U+59C6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 脢 | *mɯːs, *mɯː, *mɯːs |
| 挴 | *mlɯːʔ, *mɯːʔ |
| 海 | *hmlɯːʔ |
| 毐 | *ʔmɯː, *ʔmɯːʔ |
| 呣 | *mɯ |
| 拇 | *mɯʔ |
| 母 | *mɯʔ |
| 胟 | *mɯʔ |
| 姆 | *mɯʔ, *mɯs, *maːʔ |
| 畮 | *mɯʔ |
| 踇 | *mɯʔ |
| 苺 | *mɯs, *mɯːʔ, *mɯːs |
| 莓 | *mɯs, *mɯː, *mɯːs |
| 敏 | *mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ |
| 鰵 | *mrɯŋʔ |
| 慜 | *mrɯŋʔ |
| 毋 | *ma |
| 梅 | *mɯː |
| 酶 | *mɯː |
| 鋂 | *mɯː |
| 每 | *mɯːʔ |
| 毎 | *mɯːs |
| 痗 | *mɯːs, *hmɯːs |
| 晦 | *hmɯːs |
| 誨 | *hmɯːs |
| 悔 | *hmɯːʔ, *hmɯːs |
| 霉 | *mrɯl |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mɯʔ, *mɯs, *maːʔ): semantic 女 (“female”) + phonetic 母 (OC *mɯʔ).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mǔ (mu$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mou$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mê
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bió / bó͘ / bú / bó / ḿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): m$^2$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$mu / $^1$mo; $^6$mo
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mǔ
*** Wade–Giles: mu$^3$
*** Yale: mǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muu
*** Palladius: му (mu)
*** Sinological IPA : /mu²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mou$^5$
*** Yale: móuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mou$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mou$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /mou̯¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mê
*** Hakka Romanization System: me$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: me$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /me²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bió
*** Tâi-lô: bió
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bioir
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bio⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó͘
*** Tâi-lô: bóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bor
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /bɔ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bú
*** Tâi-lô: bú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: buo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bu⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bu⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó
*** Tâi-lô: bó
*** Phofsit Daibuun: boir
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɤ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bo⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ḿ
*** Tâi-lô: ḿ
*** Phofsit Daibuun: mr
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /m̩⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /m̩⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /m̩⁵⁵⁴/
* bió/bó͘ - literary;
* bú/bó - vernacular;
* ḿ - vernacular (俗).
* Middle Chinese: muwH
Rime :
| Character | 姆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 莫候切 |
| Baxter | muwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /məu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /məu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /məu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /məw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /mu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /məu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mòu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mau$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*məʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mɯʔ/, /*mɯs/, /*maːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 姆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | mǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ muw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*məʔ/ |
| English | female teacher in harem |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 姆 | 姆 | 姆 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 9290 | 9293 | 9300 |
| Phonetic component | 母 | 母 | 母 |
| Rime group | 之 | 之 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 母 | 茂 | |
| Old Chinese | /*mɯʔ/ | /*mɯs/ | /*maːʔ/ |

#### Definitions

姆
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) female tutor who teaches women "female virtues" (in imperial China)
* woman who looks after small children

#### Compounds

* 保姆 (bǎomǔ)
* 克里姆林宮 (Kèlǐmǔlín gōng)
* 古姆 (Gǔmǔ)
* 史萊姆 / 史莱姆 (shǐláimǔ)
* 哈姆雷特
* 大姆
* 大姆子
* 姆姆 (mǔmǔ)
* 姆嬸 / 姆婶
* 媬姆
* 山姆叔叔 (Shānmǔ shūshu)
* 歐姆 / 欧姆 (ōumǔ)
* 歐姆定律 / 欧姆定律 (Ōumǔ dìnglǜ)
* 萊姆果 / 莱姆果
* 萊姆酒 / 莱姆酒 (láimǔjiǔ)
* 蘭姆酒 / 兰姆酒 (lánmǔjiǔ)
* 褓姆 (bǎomǔ)
* 西姆孫線 / 西姆孙线
* 阿姆 (āmǔ)
* 阿姆河 (Āmǔhé)
* 阿薩姆 / 阿萨姆 (Āsàmǔ)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): m̄, mū (m$^1$, mu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㆬ, ㄇㄨ
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$m
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: m̄
*** Zhuyin: ㆬ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: m
*** Wade–Giles: m$^1$
*** Yale: m̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: m1
*** Palladius: м (m)
*** Sinological IPA : /m̩⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mū
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mu
*** Wade–Giles: mu$^1$
*** Yale: mū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mhu
*** Palladius: му (mu)
*** Sinological IPA : /mu⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$m
*** MiniDict: 'm$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$'mm
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /m̩⁵³/

#### Definitions

姆
* Only used in 姆媽／姆妈 (m̄mā).

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): m̌ (m$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㆬˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: m̌
*** Zhuyin: ㆬˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: m̌
*** Wade–Giles: m$^3$
*** Yale: m̌
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: m3
*** Palladius: м (m)
*** Sinological IPA : /m̩²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

姆
* Only used in 姆們／姆们 (m̌men).

### References

* “姆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* wet nurse

#### Readings

* Go-on: も (mo)
* Kan-on: ぼ (bo)
* Kun: うば (uba, 姆)、かしずき (kashizuki)

## Korean
### Hanja

姆 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo)
* child's governess
* matron

## Vietnamese
### Han character

姆: Hán Nôm readings: mỗ, mẫu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.