# 屍

| 屍 | U+5C4D, &#23629; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C4D |
| ← 屌 [U+5C4C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 屎 → [U+5C4E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

屍 (Kangxi radical 44, 尸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 尸一弓心 (SMNP), four-corner 7721$_1$, composition ⿸尸死)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 301, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7688
* Dae Jaweon: page 598, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 971, character 9
* Unihan data for U+5C4D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 屍 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 杘 | *l̥ʰis |
| 尸 | *hli |
| 鳲 | *hli |
| 屍 | *hli, *hlis |
| 屎 | *hliʔ, *hri |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hli, *hlis): phonetic 尸 (OC *hli) + semantic 死.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shī (shi$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄕ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): si$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̂
    (Meixian, Guangdong): si$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sĭ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): si
    (Teochew, Peng'im): si$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$sy
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shī
*** Zhuyin: ㄕ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shih
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^1$
*** Yale: shr̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shy
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: si$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: si$^1$
*** Yale: sī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: si$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̂
*** Hakka Romanization System: sii$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: si$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: si$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /si⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si
*** Tâi-lô: si
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sy
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /si⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /si³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: si$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si
*** Sinological IPA : /si³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$sy
*** MiniDict: sy$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$sr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: syij
Rime :
| Character | 屍 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 式之切 |
| Baxter | syij |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕi/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕi/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥[ə]j/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hli/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 屍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syij › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥[ə]j/ |
| English | corpse |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 屍 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 11398 |
| Phonetic component | 尸 |
| Rime group | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*hli/ |

#### Definitions

屍
* corpse; carcass (Classifier: 具; 條／条 c)

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 屍 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 屍體, 屍身, 屍首, 屍骨, 屍骸, 死屍, 死人, 遺體 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 遺體, 屍首兒, 埋體 Hui |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 屍體, 大體 polite |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 遺體 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 遺體 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 遺體 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 遺體 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 屍體 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 屍首 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 遺體, 屍首 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 遺體 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 屍首, 屍體 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 屍體, 屍首 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 屍首, 遺體 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 屍首兒, 死屍 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 屍體 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 屍首 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 屍首兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 屍首, 遺體 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 屍體 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 遺體, 死屍, 屍體 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 埋體 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 埋體 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 遺體, 屍體, 埋體 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 屍首, 遺體 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 遺體 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 屍首, 屍體, 屍, 死人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 屍體 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 遺體 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 屍首, 屍體 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 遺體 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 遺體 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 遺體 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 死屍, 屍首 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 屍首, 遺體 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 遺體 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 遺體 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 屍骸, 死屍 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 屍體, 死屍, 屍 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 屍身 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 死屍 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 屍首, 死佬 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屍體, 屍首, 身屍, 死佬, 垃圾仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 屍體, 屍首, 身屍 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 屍體, 屍首, 身屍, 死佬, 垃圾仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 屍體, 屍首, 身屍, 死佬 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屍體, 屍首, 身屍, 死佬, 死屍 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 屍體, 屍首, 身屍 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 屍首, 死屍 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 遺體, 死屍 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 屍體 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 死人, 死骨劣兒子 |
| Jin | Linhe | 屍首 |
| Jin | Jining | 遺體 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 遺體 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 遺體, 屍首 |
| Jin | Handan | 遺體 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 死人 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 身屍 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 身屍 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 身屍 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 身屍 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 身屍 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 死儂 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 身屍 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 身屍, 死儂 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 身屍, 屍首, 死屍 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 身屍 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 死屍 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 屍體 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 死屍, 屍體 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 死屍 |
| Wu | Danyang | 死屍 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 死人, 死屍 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 死屍, 死人 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 屍, 屍骸 |

#### Compounds

* 五馬分屍 / 五马分尸 (wǔmǎfēnshī)
* 伍員鞭屍 / 伍员鞭尸
* 伏屍 / 伏尸
* 借屍還魂 / 借尸还魂 (jièshīhuánhún)
* 停屍 / 停尸
* 停屍房 / 停尸房 (tíngshīfáng)
* 停屍間 / 停尸间 (tíngshījiān)
* 全屍 / 全尸
* 分屍 / 分尸 (fēnshī)
* 劈屍萬段 / 劈尸万段
* 喪屍 / 丧尸 (sàngshī)
* 屍妖 / 尸妖 (shīyāo)
* 屍山血海 / 尸山血海 (shīshānxuèhǎi)
* 屍格 / 尸格
* 屍橫遍野 / 尸横遍野 (shīhéngbiànyě)
* 屍櫬 / 尸榇
* 屍蠟 / 尸蜡
* 屍變 / 尸变 (shībiàn)
* 屍靈 / 尸灵
* 屍首 / 尸首
* 屍骨 / 尸骨 (shīgǔ)
* 屍骨早寒 / 尸骨早寒
* 屍骨未寒 / 尸骨未寒 (shīgǔwèihán)
* 屍骨無存 / 尸骨无存 (shīgǔ wú cún)
* 屍骸 / 尸骸 (shīhái)
* 屍體 / 尸体 (shītǐ)
* 懶屍 / 懒尸
* 戮屍 / 戮尸 (lùshī)
* 拋屍露骨 / 抛尸露骨
* 挺屍 / 挺尸
* 撞屍 / 撞尸
* 收屍 / 收尸 (shōushī)
* 暴屍於市 / 暴尸于市 (bàoshīyúshì)
* 檢屍 / 检尸
* 死屍 / 死尸 (sǐshī)
* 殭屍 / 僵尸 (jiāngshī)
* 毀屍滅跡 / 毁尸灭迹 (huǐshīmièjì)
* 浮屍 / 浮尸 (fúshī)
* 焚屍揚灰 / 焚尸扬灰
* 蒸骨驗屍 / 蒸骨验尸
* 碎屍萬段 / 碎尸万段 (suìshīwànduàn)
* 簡屍 / 简尸
* 血海屍山 / 血海尸山
* 行屍視肉 / 行尸视肉
* 裹屍 / 裹尸 (guǒshī)
* 裹屍馬革 / 裹尸马革
* 詐屍 / 诈尸 (zhàshī)
* 認屍 / 认尸 (rènshī)
* 走肉行屍 / 走肉行尸 (zǒuròuxíngshī)
* 走骨行屍 / 走骨行尸
* 遊營撞屍 / 游营撞尸
* 陳屍 / 陈尸 (chénshī)
* 鞭屍 / 鞭尸 (biānshī)
* 馬革裹屍 / 马革裹尸 (mǎgéguǒshī)
* 驗屍 / 验尸 (yànshī)

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: thây

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shì (shi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shì
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^4$
*** Yale: shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: syijH
Rime :
| Character | 屍 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 矢利切 |
| Baxter | syijH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiɪ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjɪ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕi$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*hlis/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 屍 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 11400 |
| Phonetic component | 尸 |
| Rime group | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 屍 |
| Old Chinese | /*hlis/ |

#### Definitions

屍
* (historical dictionaries only) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* corpse, cadaver

#### Readings

* Go-on: し (shi)
* Kan-on: し (shi)
* Kun: かばね (kabane, 屍)、しかばね (shikabane, 屍)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 屍
* かばね Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 尸 (mainly in compounds)
From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, and also cited to the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.
Appears to be a compound. Ultimate derivation unknown.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かばね [kàbáné] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠ba̠ne̞]

#### Noun

屍(かばね) • (kabane)
* [720] a corpse, a cadaver

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 屍
* しかばね Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 尸 (mainly in compounds)
Compound of 死 (shi, “death; dead”) +‎ 屍 (kabane, “corpse”).
First cited to the late 1100s.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しかばね [shìkábáné] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕi̥ka̠ba̠ne̞]

#### Noun

屍(しかばね) • (shikabane)
* [late 1100s] a corpse, a cadaver
** 2014 July 5, “オベリスクの巨(きょ)神(しん)兵(へい) [Obelisk the Giant God Soldier]”, in 決闘王の記憶 －決闘都市編－ [Memories of the Duel King: Battle City Edition], Konami:
    その者(もの)、降(こう)臨(りん)せしむれば、灼(しゃく)熱(ねつ)の疾(しっ)風(ぷう)大(だい)地(ち)に吹(ふ)き荒(あ)れ、生(い)きとし生(い)ける者(もの)すべて屍(しかばね)とならん。
       Sono mono, kōrinseshi mureba, shakunetsu no shippū daichi ni fukiare, ikitoshiikeru mono subete shikabane tonaran.
       Once this being descends with burning winds sweeping over the land, all living things shall turn into corpses.

##### Synonyms

* See Thesaurus:屍

### References

* ↑ c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 18, poem 4094:, text here
* 1 2 3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

屍 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune–Reischauer si)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

屍: Hán Nôm readings: thi, thây
* chữ Hán form of thi (“corpse”).
* chữ Nôm form of thây (“corpse”).

#### Compounds

* 全屍 (toàn thây)
* 屍骸 (thi hài)
* 屍體 (thi thể)
* 屍魔 (thây ma)
* 死屍 (tử thi)
* 烹屍 (phanh thây)