# 冂

| 冂 | U+5182, &#20866; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5182 |
| ← 冁 [U+5181] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 冃 → [U+5183] |
| ⼌ | U+2F0C, &#12044; KANGXI RADICAL DOWN BOX |
| ← ⼋ [U+2F0B] | Kangxi Radicals | ⼍ → [U+2F0D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

冂 (Kangxi radical 13, 冂+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 中尸 (LS) or 難中尸 (XLS), four-corner 7722$_0$, composition ⿰丨𠃌)
* Kangxi radical #13, ⼌.

#### Derived characters

* Appendix:Chinese radical/冂
* 𭕔, 𥫚, 𧘉, 𪔃, 巾, 內, 禸, 朿, 囘, 䍏, 同, 𦉳, 网, 罔, 𦉰, 而, 兩(两/両), 南, 㒳, 繭, 丽, 𢫏, 制

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 128, character 30
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1506
* Dae Jaweon: page 289, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 96, character 13
* Unihan data for U+5182

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 冂 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Transcribed ancient scriptsL28655 |||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). |||
According to Shuowen Jiezi, pictogram composed by three lines that represent a territory outside the city walls and its nearby villages and greenfields, a territory that belongs to the incontaminated countryside, distant from every kind of civilization.
As an alternative, it's the original form of 堂, hence it's the profile of a building. The reversed character is 凵.

### Pronunciation

* A user suggests that this Chinese entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “Middle Chinese is wrong?”.
* Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.
Correct pronunciation in Early Middle Chinese, according to the fanqie 古熒切 and the later spelling 涓熒切, can be reconstructed as *kweng.
* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiōng (jiong$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwing$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): koén / koên
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): keng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyong
*** Wade–Giles: chiung$^1$
*** Yale: jyūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiong
*** Palladius: цзюн (czjun)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwing$^1$
*** Yale: gwīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɪŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: koén / koên
*** Hakka Romanization System: guen$^ˋ$ / guen$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: guen$^3$ / guen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /koen³¹/, /koen²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng
*** Tâi-lô: king
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kefng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: mek
Rime :
| Character | 冂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 錫 (127) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 莫狄切 |
| Baxter | mek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mek̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mek̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mɛk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mɛjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /mek̚/ |
| Wang Li | /miek̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /miek̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mik$^6$ |

### Definitions

冂
* (obsolete) city outskirts; suburbs

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* 冏構え (kei-gamae): the "upside down box" or "wide" radical
* 同構え (dō-gamae): the "same" radical

#### Readings

* Go-on: きょう (kyō)
* Kan-on: けい (kei)

#### Derived terms

* 冂構(けいがま)え (kei-gamae)

## Korean
### Hanja

冂 (eumhun 멀 경 (meol gyeong))
* remote

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

冂: Hán Nôm readings: quynh
* chữ Hán form of quynh (“Kangxi radical 13—‘wide’”).

#### References

* Nom Foundation