# 懟

| 懟 | U+61DF, &#25055; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61DF |
| ← 懞 [U+61DE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 懠 → [U+61E0] |

## Translingual
### Han character

懟 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 廿戈心 (TIP), four-corner 3433$_0$, composition ⿱對心)

#### Related characters

* 怼 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 406, character 37
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11376
* Dae Jaweon: page 747, character 30
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2363, character 10
* Unihan data for U+61DF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 對 | *tuːbs |
| 轛 | *tuːbs, *tubs |
| 薱 | *duːbs |
| 濧 | *duːbs |
| 懟 | *dubs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *dubs): phonetic 對 (OC *tuːbs) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): duì (dui$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): deoi$^6$ / zeoi$^6$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dui$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: duì
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: duèi
*** Wade–Giles: tui$^4$
*** Yale: dwèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duey
*** Palladius: дуй (duj)
*** Sinological IPA : /tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: deoi$^6$ / zeoi$^6$
*** Yale: deuih / jeuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: doey$^6$ / dzoey$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dêu$^6$ / zêu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɵy̯²²/, /t͡sɵy̯²²/
* deoi6 - colloquial;
* zeoi6 - variant.
* Middle Chinese: drwijH
Rime :
| Character | 懟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (18) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 直類切 |
| Baxter | drwijH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖˠiuɪ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖʷᵚi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiuɪ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖjwi$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡjui$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡwi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱwi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhuì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zeoi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]r[u][p]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*dubs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 懟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | duì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ drwij$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[d]r[u][p]-s/ |
| English | ill-will |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 懟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2585 |
| Phonetic component | 對 |
| Rime group | 內 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 墜 |
| Old Chinese | /*dubs/ |

#### Definitions

懟
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to resent; to hate
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Tiān shí duì xī wēilíng nù, yán shā jìn xī qì yuányě. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) vicious

#### Compounds

* 怨懟 / 怨怼 (yuànduì)
* 怒懟 / 怒怼 (nùduǐ)
* 慍懟 / 愠怼

#### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B01217
* “懟”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

### Etymology 2

Non-orthodox character popularized in the 2010s.

#### Definitions

* For pronunciation and definitions of 懟 – see 㨃 (“to poke; to answer back; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 㨃).

#### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “怼”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 57.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): つい (tsui)、ずい (zui)、たい (tai)
* Kun: うらむ (uramu)

## Korean
### Hanja

懟 • (dae) (hangeul 대, revised dae, McCune–Reischauer tae, Yale tay)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

懟: Hán Nôm readings: tủi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation