# 射

| 射 | U+5C04, &#23556; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C04 |
| ← 尃 [U+5C03] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 尅 → [U+5C05] |

## Translingual
### Han character

射 (Kangxi radical 41, 寸+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹木戈 (HHDI), four-corner 2420$_0$, composition ⿰身寸)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 294, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7434
* Dae Jaweon: page 582, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 506, character 10
* Unihan data for U+5C04

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 射 :
| Shang | Western Zhou |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions |
| | Old Chinese |
| 謝 | *ljaːɡs |
| 榭 | *ljaːɡs |
| 射 | *ɢljaːɡs, *laːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ, *laːɡ |
| 麝 | *ɢljaːɡs, *ɢljaːɡ |
In the oracle bone script, an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 弓 (“bow”) + 矢 (“arrow”) – to shoot a bow. In the bronze inscriptions, a hand (又) drawing the bowstring was added. Hence, a conservative variant is 𢎤.
Later the bow and arrow on the left became 身 before or during the clerical script period, and the hand came to be written 寸.

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/b/m-la-j (“bow, arrow”); cognate with Tibetan མདའ (mda', “arrow”), Burmese မြား (mra:, “arrow”), Garo bra (“arrow”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2013).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shè (she$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄕㄜˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): se$^4$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): shē
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): she̊q
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): se$^6$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): soe$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sie$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): sa$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sa
    (Hailu, HRS): sha$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sa$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): se$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): ià
* Eastern Min (BUC): siâ
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sia$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siā
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sia$^7$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): xia$^1$ / xie$^7$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): se$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$zoq; $^6$zo
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sha$^5$ / she$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shè
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shè
*** Wade–Giles: shê$^4$
*** Yale: shè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheh
*** Palladius: шэ (šɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: se$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: se
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛ²¹³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: shē
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ⁵⁵/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: she̊q
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): sheq$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂəʔ⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: se$^6$
*** Yale: seh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: se$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sé$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛː²²/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: soe$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sø³²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: sie$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /siɛ³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: sa$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /sa¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa
*** Hakka Romanization System: sa
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sa$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sa⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: sha$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃa³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: sa$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sa⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: se$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /sɤ⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ià
*** Sinological IPA : /ia⁴²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siâ
*** Sinological IPA : /siɑ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sia$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬia²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siā
*** Tâi-lô: siā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sia
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sia²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /sia⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sia³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sia$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siā
*** Sinological IPA : /sia¹¹/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: xia$^1$ / xie$^7$
*** Sinological IPA: /sia³⁵/, /siɛ⁵⁵/
* xia1 - vernacular;
* xie7 - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit射 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂɤ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʂɤ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʂɤ⁵³/ /sɤ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʂə²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʃə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʂʐ̩ɛ³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ʂɤ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʐɛ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʂə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʂə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʂɤ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /sɤ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /se¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /sɛ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʂə²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʂəʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʂe⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /sɤ⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʂʐ̩e̞³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /sɤ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zoʔ¹/ /zo²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zo³¹/ /zoʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /zz̩ʷei¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zei²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕie²²/ /ɕia²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ɕia¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʂə⁵⁵/ /ʂa⁵⁵/ ～石头 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʂɒ⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sɑ²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sa⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʃɑ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɛ²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /sɛ²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /sɛ²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /sia²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /sia²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ia⁴²/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /sia³¹/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /tia²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: zyaeH
Rime :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 2/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 船 (27) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 神夜切 |
| Baxter | zyaeH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʑia$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʑia$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʑia$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʑia$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʑia$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʑĭa$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡ʑʰi̯a$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | se$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.lAk-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢljaːɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zyæ$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.lAk-s/ |
| English | shoot; archer |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| No. | 11223 |
| Phonetic component | 射 |
| Rime group | 暮 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 射 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢljaːɡs/ |

#### Definitions

射
* to shoot (an arrow); to fire
* to launch; to eject; to project
* to emit; to radiate
* to guess
* to allude to
* to seek; to pursue
* (colloquial) to ejaculate
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) archery

#### Compounds

* 一射
* 亂反射 / 乱反射 (luànfǎnshè)
* 伽瑪射線 / 伽玛射线
* 侖琴射線 / 仑琴射线
* 光華射目 / 光华射目
* 光輻射 / 光辐射
* 入射線 / 入射线
* 入射角 (rùshèjiǎo)
* 制壓射擊 / 制压射击
* 占射
* 反射 (fǎnshè)
* 反射線 / 反射线
* 反射角 (fǎnshèjiǎo)
* 反射運動 / 反射运动
* 反射鏡 / 反射镜 (fǎnshèjìng)
* 后羿射日
* 君射臣決 / 君射臣决
* 含沙射影 (hánshāshèyǐng)
* 噴射 / 喷射 (pēnshè)
* 噴射引擎 / 喷射引擎
* 噴射推進 / 喷射推进
* 噴射機 / 喷射机 (pēnshèjī)
* 噴射氣流 / 喷射气流
* 噴射泵 / 喷射泵
* 噴射飛機 / 喷射飞机
* 大氣折射 / 大气折射
* 太陽輻射 / 太阳辐射
* 如皋射雉
* 宇宙射線 / 宇宙射线 (yǔzhòu shèxiàn)
* 實彈射擊 / 实弹射击
* 射中 (shèzhòng)
* 射侯 (shèhóu)
* 射出 (shèchū)
* 射利 (shèlì)
* 射口
* 射工
* 射影 (shèyǐng)
* 射手 (shèshǒu)
* 射控雷達 / 射控雷达
* 射擊 / 射击 (shèjī)
* 射日
* 射柳
* 射殺 / 射杀 (shèshā)
* 射水器
* 射沓
* 射流 (shèliú)
* 射流技術 / 射流技术
* 射獵 / 射猎 (shèliè)
* 射生
* 射界 (shèjiè)
* 射石飲羽 / 射石饮羽
* 射禮 / 射礼
* 射程 (shèchéng)
* 射策
* 射箭 (shèjiàn)
* 射精 (shèjīng)
* 射精管 (shèjīngguǎn)
* 射糧 / 射粮
* 射線 / 射线 (shèxiàn)
* 射聲 / 射声
* 射覆
* 射鉤 / 射钩
* 射門 / 射门 (shèmén)
* 射電天文學 / 射电天文学
* 射電望遠鏡 / 射电望远镜
* 射頻 / 射频 (shèpín)
* 射魚 / 射鱼
* 射魚指天 / 射鱼指天
* 射鵰手 / 射雕手
* 對空射擊 / 对空射击
* 巴氏反射
* 平射炮
* 弋不射宿
* 彈射 / 弹射 (tánshè)
* 影射 (yǐngshè)
* 折射 (zhéshè)
* 投射 (tóushè)
* 投射作用
* 折射線 / 折射线
* 折射角 (zhéshèjiǎo)
* 拋射 / 抛射 (pāoshè)
* 掃射 / 扫射 (sǎoshè)
* 掩護射擊 / 掩护射击
* 攢射 / 攒射
* 放射 (fàngshè)
* 放射化學 / 放射化学 (fàngshè huàxué)
* 放射性 (fàngshèxìng)
* 放射汙染 / 放射污染
* 放射源
* 放射線 / 放射线 (fàngshèxiàn)
* 散射
* 斜射
* 日射角
* 映射 (yìngshè)
* 暗射 (ànshè)
* 暗射地圖 / 暗射地图 (ànshè dìtú)
* 曲射炮
* 有效射程 (yǒuxiào shèchéng)
* 李廣射虎 / 李广射虎
* 條件反射 / 条件反射 (tiáojiàn fǎnshè)
* 水射流
* 注射 (zhùshè)
* 注射劑 / 注射剂 (zhùshèjì)
* 注射器 (zhùshèqì)
* 注射筒 (zhùshètǒng)
* 游離輻射 / 游离辐射
* 漫反射 (mànfǎnshè)
* 漫射 (mànshè)
* 照射 (zhàoshè)
* 照明射擊 / 照明射击
* 熱輻射 / 热辐射 (rèfúshè)
* 發射 / 发射 (fāshè)
* 發射器 / 发射器
* 發射控制 / 发射控制
* 發射星雲 / 发射星云
* 發射機 / 发射机 (fāshèjī)
* 發射臺 / 发射台 (fāshètái)
* 發射點 / 发射点
* 皮下注射
* 直射
* 破壞射擊 / 破坏射击
* 神射手
* 繞射 / 绕射 (ràoshè)
* 聊城射書 / 聊城射书
* 肌肉注射 (jīròu zhùshè)
* 背景輻射 / 背景辐射 (bèijǐng fúshè)
* 膝反射
* 衍射 (yǎnshè)
* 豔射 / 艳射
* 貝他射線 / 贝他射线
* 輻射 / 辐射 (fúshè)
* 輻射塵 / 辐射尘
* 輻射治療 / 辐射治疗 (fúshè zhìliáo)
* 輻射滅菌 / 辐射灭菌
* 輻射熱 / 辐射热
* 輻射病 / 辐射病
* 輻射線 / 辐射线
* 輻射能 / 辐射能
* 輻射落塵 / 辐射落尘
* 輻射計 / 辐射计
* 轅門射戟 / 辕门射戟
* 連射 / 连射
* 邀名射利
* 鄉射禮 / 乡射礼
* 野戰射擊 / 野战射击
* 金光四射
* 錢王射潮 / 钱王射潮
* 鐳射 / 镭射 (léishè)
* 鐳射唱片 / 镭射唱片
* 鐳射氣 / 镭射气
* 阿伐射線 / 阿伐射线
* 陰極射線 / 阴极射线 (yīnjí shèxiàn)
* 陽極射線 / 阳极射线
* 雷射 (léishè)
* 雷射刀
* 雷射唱片
* 雷射唱盤 / 雷射唱盘
* 雷射攝影 / 雷射摄影
* 雷射音響 / 雷射音响
* 靜脈注射 / 静脉注射 (jìngmài zhùshè)
* 預防射 / 预防射
* 預防注射 / 预防注射
* 飛靶射擊 / 飞靶射击
* 騎射 / 骑射 (qíshè)
* 高射炮 (gāoshèpào)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shí, shè (shi$^2$, she$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ, ㄕㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sik$^6$ / se$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ĭk
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): se̍k
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sha$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shí
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shíh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^2$
*** Yale: shŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyr
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shè
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shè
*** Wade–Giles: shê$^4$
*** Yale: shè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheh
*** Palladius: шэ (šɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sik$^6$ / se$^6$
*** Yale: sihk / seh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sik$^9$ / se$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xig$^6$ / sé$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪk̚²/, /sɛː²²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
*** Sinological IPA : /iʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se̍k
*** Tâi-lô: si̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sek
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: sha$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʂa̠⁴⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /sa̠⁴⁵/
* Middle Chinese: zyek
Rime :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 4/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 船 (27) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 食亦切 |
| Baxter | zyek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʑiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʑiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʑiæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʑiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʑiɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʑĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡ʑʰi̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.lAk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢljaːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zyek › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.lAk/ |
| English | hit with bow and arrow |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 3/4 |
| No. | 11226 |
| Phonetic component | 射 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 麝 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢljaːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

射
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to hit with bow and arrow

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yè (ye$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): je$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ià
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yè
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yè
*** Wade–Giles: yeh$^4$
*** Yale: yè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeh
*** Palladius: е (je)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: je$^6$
*** Yale: yeh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: je$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yé$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ià
*** Tâi-lô: ià
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iax
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ia²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ia⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ia²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ia¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ia²¹/
* Middle Chinese: yaeH
Rime :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 羊謝切 |
| Baxter | yaeH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jia$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jia$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ia$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jia$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ia$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭa$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯a$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | je$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*laːɡs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 2/4 |
| No. | 11225 |
| Phonetic component | 射 |
| Rime group | 暮 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 夜 |
| Old Chinese | /*laːɡs/ |

#### Definitions

射
* Used in 射干 (yègān).
* Used in 僕射／仆射 (púyè).
* Used in 姑射.

#### Compounds

* 僕射 / 仆射 (púyè)
* 列姑射
* 姑射
* 姑射神人
* 射干 (yègān)
* 藐姑射

### Pronunciation 4

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yì, shè (yi$^4$, she$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ, ㄕㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jik$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): e̍k
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yì
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yì
*** Wade–Giles: i$^4$
*** Yale: yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shè
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shè
*** Wade–Giles: shê$^4$
*** Yale: shè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheh
*** Palladius: шэ (šɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jik$^6$
*** Yale: yihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
*** Tâi-lô: i̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ek
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /iɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/
* Middle Chinese: yek
Rime :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 3/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 羊益切 |
| Baxter | yek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*laːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 射 |
| Reading # | 4/4 |
| No. | 11228 |
| Phonetic component | 射 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 繹 |
| Old Chinese | /*laːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

射
* Used in 無射／无射.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 斁 / 𭣧 (“to detest; to be weary of”)
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Shì yàn qiě yù, hǎo ěr wú yì. [Pinyin]
    We will feast, and I will praise her. 'I love you, and will never be weary of you.'

#### Compounds

* 無射 / 无射
* 耗射

### References

* “射”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
* shoot
* archery

#### Readings

* Go-on: じゃ (ja)、や (ya)、やく (yaku)
* Kan-on: しゃ (sha, Jōyō)、や (ya)、えき (eki)
* On: せき (seki)
* Kun: いる (iru, 射る, Jōyō)、あてる (ateru, 射てる)、さす (sasu, 射す)、いとう (itō)、あきる (akiru)
* Nanori: い (i)、いり (iri)

#### Compounds

* 日射(にっしゃ) (nissha)
* 射(しゃ)撃(げき) (shageki, “marksmanship”)
* 射光
* 射(しゃ)幸(こう)心(しん) (shakōshin, “passion for gambling”)
* 射(しゃ)程(てい) (shatei, “range of a firearm”)
* 射(しゃ)的(てき) (shateki, “target practice”)
* 射覆
* 射(しゃ)利(り) (shari, “love of money”)
* 射手座(いてざ) (iteza, “Sagittarius (astrology)”)

## Korean
### Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 射 (MC zyaeH).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 썅〮 (Yale: ssyá) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 쌰〯 (ssyǎ) (Yale: ssyǎ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 샤 (sya)$^訓$ (Yale: sya) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰa̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [사]

#### Hanja

Wikisource 射 (eumhun 쏠 사 (ssol sa))
* hanja form of 사 (“to shoot”)

#### Compounds

* 기사 (騎射, gisa)
* 난사 (亂射, nansa)
* 반사 (反射, bansa)
* 발사 (發射, balsa)
* 방사 (放射, bangsa)
* 복사 (輻射, boksa)
* 분사 (噴射, bunsa)
* 사각 (射角, sagak)
* 사간 (射干, sagan)
* 사격 (射擊, sagyeok)
* 사살 (射殺, sasal)
* 사수 (射手, sasu)
* 사영 (射影, sayeong)
* 사적 (射的, sajeok)
* 사정 (射精, sajeong)
* 사출 (射出, sachul)
* 사행 (射倖, sahaeng)
* 일사 (日射, ilsa)
* 조사 (照射, josa)
* 주사 (注射, jusa)
* 투사 (投射, tusa)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 射 (MC zyek).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 쎡〮 (Yale: ssyék) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 셕 (syek)$^訓$ (Yale: syek) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰʌ̹k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [석]

#### Hanja

射 (eumhun 맞힐 석 (machil seok))
* (literary) hanja form of 석 (“to hit with bow and arrow”)

#### Compounds

* 석복/사복 (射覆, seokbok/sabok)
* 석부 (射復, seokbu)
* 석중 (射中, seokjung)
* 익불사숙 (弋不射宿, ikbulsasuk)

### Etymology 3

From Middle Chinese 射 (MC yaeH).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 양〮 (Yale: yá) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ja̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [야]

#### Hanja

射 (eumhun 벼슬 이름 야 (byeoseul ireum ya))
* (historical) hanja form of 야 (“title of an official”)

#### Compounds

* 복야 (僕射, bogya)
* 상서복야 (尙書僕射, sangseobogya)

### Etymology 4

From Middle Chinese 射 (MC yek).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 역〮 (Yale: yék) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jʌ̹k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [역]

#### Hanja

射 (eumhun 음률(音律) 역)
* hanja form of 역 (“eleventh note of the Shí-èr-lǜ musical scale”)

#### Compounds

* 무역 (無射, muyeok)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

射: Hán Nôm readings: xạ, dạ, dịch
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.