# 耿

| 耿 | U+803F, &#32831; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-803F |
| ← 耾 [U+803E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 聀 → [U+8040] |

## Translingual
### Han character

耿 (Kangxi radical 128, 耳+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 尸十火 (SJF), four-corner 1918$_0$, composition ⿰耳火)

#### Derived characters

* 𦃸, 𦵸, 𢞚, 𪳎, 𭵢, 㷦, 𥉔, 褧

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 966, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29026
* Dae Jaweon: page 1414, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2785, character 12
* Unihan data for U+803F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 耿 | *kreːŋʔ |
| 褧 | *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kreːŋʔ): abbreviated phonetic 烓 (OC *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ) + semantic 耳. Alternatively phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kreːŋʔ): abbreviated phonetic 聖 (OC *hljeŋs) + semantic 火.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gěng (geng$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄥˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gang$^2$ / gwing$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gang$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kóen
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gên$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kéng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): guang$^2$ / geng$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$ken
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gěng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gěng
*** Wade–Giles: kêng$^3$
*** Yale: gěng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: geeng
*** Palladius: гэн (gɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gang$^2$ / gwing$^2$
*** Yale: gáng / gwíng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gang$^2$ / gwing$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: geng$^2$ / guing$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐŋ³⁵/, /kʷɪŋ³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gang$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kóen
*** Hakka Romanization System: guen$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: guen$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ku̯en³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gên$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kɛn³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kéng
*** Tâi-lô: kíng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: keang
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: guang$^2$ / geng$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuáng / kṳ́ng
*** Sinological IPA : /kuaŋ⁵²/, /kɯŋ⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$ken
*** MiniDict: ken$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$ken
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kən³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: keangX
Rime :
| Character | 耿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 耕 (117) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古幸切 |
| Baxter | keangX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚæŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəɨjŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kæŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kæŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gěng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gang$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤreŋʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kreːŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 耿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gěng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kɛng$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁreŋʔ/ |
| English | brilliant; wide awake |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 耿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3989 |
| Phonetic component | 耿 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 耿 |
| Old Chinese | /*kreːŋʔ/ |

### Definitions

耿
* (literary) bright; shining
* (literary) honest and just; upright
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) uneasy; disturbed
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) sad; sorrowful
* a surname
    耿爽 ― Gěng Shuǎng ― Geng Shuang (politician)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* light

#### Readings

* Go-on: きょう (kyō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: ひかり (hikari)
* Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、てる (teru)

## Korean
### Hanja

耿 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
* bright
* shining
* have guts

## Vietnamese
### Han character

耿: Hán Nôm readings: cảnh, kẻng, khệnh, kỉnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.