# 翼

| 翼 | U+7FFC, &#32764; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FFC |
| ← 翻 [U+7FFB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 翽 → [U+7FFD] |

## Translingual
### Han character

翼 (Kangxi radical 124, 羽+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 尸一田廿金 (SMWTC), four-corner 1780$_1$, composition ⿱羽異)

#### Derived characters

* 𰃇, 𰋄, 瀷, 𨙒, 𤒩, 𬓝, 𥤌, 𮷃, 𦔫, 𫍖, 𧾰, 𫓢, 龮, 𪧴, 𧃟, 㢞, 𤼌, 𠥦

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 959, character 34
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28801
* Dae Jaweon: page 1406, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3356, character 1
* Unihan data for U+7FFC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 禩 | *ljɯʔ |
| 異 | *lɯɡs |
| 潩 | *lɯɡs, *lɯɡ |
| 廙 | *lɯɡs, *lɯɡ |
| 趩 | *l̥ʰɯɡ |
| 瀷 | *l̥ʰjɯɡ, *lɯɡ |
| 翼 | *lɯɡ |
| 熼 | *lɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lɯɡ): semantic 羽 + phonetic 異 (OC *lɯɡs).

### Etymology 1

Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lak ~ C-jak (“arm, hand, wing”), especially if the Old Chinese is reconstructed with *l- (Schuessler, 2007; Handel, 2009). Cognate with 腋 (OC *laːɡ, “armpit”), Tibetan ལག་པ (lag pa, “hand, arm”), Burmese လက် (lak, “hand, arm”).
However, Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruct the Old Chinese with *-p instead of *-k because of evidence from the oracle bones, making it difficult to compare to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lak. The shift from the original version *ɢrəp to a later version *ɢrək is due to dialectal variation.
Sagart (2020) proposes a revised Old Chinese reconstruction *m-rəp, which he compares to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/b-ram (“rib”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yì (yi$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yi$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jik$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yet$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): it$^7$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yi̍t
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yid$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): i$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): siē / ī
* Eastern Min (BUC): sĭk / ĭk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): si̍t / e̍k / ia̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sig$^8$ / sêg$^8$ / êg$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$yiq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): i$^4$ / ie$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yì
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yì
*** Wade–Giles: i$^4$
*** Yale: yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: yi$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: i
*** Sinological IPA : /i²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jik$^6$
*** Yale: yihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪk̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yet$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jet̚²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: it$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /it̚²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: id
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)id
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: i$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /i⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: siē / ī
*** Sinological IPA : /siɛ⁵⁵/, /i⁵⁵/
* siē - vernacular;
* ī - literary.
* Middle Chinese: yik
Rime :
| Character | 翼 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 與職切 |
| Baxter | yik |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷrəp/
    (Zhengzhang): /*lɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 翼 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yik › |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷrəp/ (dialect: *-p > *-k) |
| English | wing |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 翼 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15108 |
| Phonetic component | 異 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 弋 |
| Old Chinese | /*lɯɡ/ |

#### Definitions

翼
* (literary or dialectal) wing (Classifier: 隻／只 c; 對／对 c)
    From: 80 CE, 王充 (Wang Chong), 《論衡·道虛篇》
    wéi lóng wú yì zhě, shēng zé chéngyún [Pinyin]
    only dragons do not have wings; when they ascend they ride upon the clouds
* wing (of an airplane)
* (figurative) wing; flank
    右翼 ― yòuyì ― right-wing (politics); right flank (military)
* (Chinese astronomy) the Wings mansion, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions
* (literary, or in compounds) to assist
* a surname, Yi

##### Synonyms

* (wing):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 翼, 翅, 羽, 翎, 𦑜, 翮 of a bird |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 翅膀, 翼, 翅, 翼翅, 羽翼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 翅膀兒, 翅膀子, 膀兒, 翅兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 翅膀 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 翅膀兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 翅膀 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 翅膀 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 翅膀 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 翅膀兒, 翅子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 翅膀 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 翅關 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong (Ronghe) | 翅膀 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 翅膀 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 翅膀 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 膀膀 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 翅膀, 翅膀子, 翅膀兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 膀子, 翅膀, 翅膀兒, 翅膀膀兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 膀子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 膀子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 膀子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 翅膀兒, 翅膀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Muli | 翅膀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 翅膀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 翅膀 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 翅膀, 翅拐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 翅膀 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 翅膀 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 翅膀 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 翅刮 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 翅膀子, 膀子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 翅桿 |
| Mandarin | Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) | 膀子 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 翅膀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 翼 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 翼 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 翼膀, 翅膀 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 翼, 翼膀 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 翼胛, 翼巴 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 翼胛 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 翼盼 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 翼盼 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 翼, 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 翼膀 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 翼膀 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 翼 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 翼, 翅 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 翼 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 翼 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 翼 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Changting | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 翼胛 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 翼胛 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 翼汗 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 翼拍, 翼胛 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 翅膀, 翼膀 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 翼拍, 翼膀 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 翼膀 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 翼拍 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 翅膀 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 翅膀 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 翼胛 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 翼胛 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 翼胛 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 翼胛 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 翼胛 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 翼 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 翼 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 翼 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 翼 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 翼梭 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 翼膀, 肘翼, 肘翼膀 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 脊 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 翅翼, 翅扇, 翅扇兒 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 翼膀 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 翅翼兒 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 翅膀 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 翅膀 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 翅膀, 膀子, 翅翅 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 翼 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 翼 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 刻 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 翼 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 翼匹 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 刻 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 刻 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 刻 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 翼, 翼翼 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 翼 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 翼, 翼翼 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 翼胛 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 翼 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 翼 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 翼 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 翼髀 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 翼 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 翼膀 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 翼, 翼股, 翼仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 翼, 翼股, 翼仔 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 翼股 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 翼, 翼股, 翼仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 翼胛 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 翼仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 翼股 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 翼仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 翼, 翼股 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 翼股 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 翼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 翼 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 翼 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 翼, 翼股 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 翼 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 翼 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 翼 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 翼 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 翼 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 翼, 翅膀 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 翅膀 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 翅膀, 翨𦑜 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 扇肩 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 翅膀, 翨𦑜 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 翅膀 |
| Wu | Danyang | 翅膀 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 翼翅膀 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 翼梢, 翼梢膀 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 翼, 翼膀 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 翼膀 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 翼胛, 翅膀 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 翼胛 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 翼胛 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 翼胛 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 翅桿, 翅膀 |
* (to help):
* 佐理 (zuǒlǐ) (literary, with a task)
* 使勁 / 使劲 (shǐjìn)
* 加勢 / 加势 (jiāshì)
* 助 (zhù)
* 助力 (zhùlì)
* 助理 (zhùlǐ)
* 助益 (zhùyì) (literary)
* 匡助 (kuāngzhù) (literary)
* 協助 / 协助 (xiézhù)
* 參佐 / 参佐 (cānzuǒ) (literary)
* 增援 (zēngyuán, “to provide reinforcements”)
* 幫 / 帮 (bāng)
* 幫助 / 帮助 (bāngzhù)
* 幫同 / 帮同 (bāngtóng) (literary)
* 幫寸 / 帮寸 (bāngcùn)
* 幫帶 / 帮带 (bāngdài)
* 幫忙 / 帮忙 (bāngmáng)
* 幫手 / 帮手 (bong$^1$ sau$^2$) (Cantonese)
* 幫扶 / 帮扶 (bāngfú)
* 幫襯 / 帮衬 (bāngchèn)
* 幫贈 / 帮赠 (Hokkien)
* 扶
* 扶助 (fúzhù)
* 扶持 (fúchí)
* 扶掖 (fúyè) (formal)
* 拉巴 (dialectal)
* 挺 (tǐng)
* 援助 (yuánzhù)
* 𢯭手 (Hakka)
* 支助 (zhīzhù) (literary)
* 支持 (zhīchí)
* 支援 (zhīyuán)
* 救 (jiù)
* 相幫 / 相帮 (xiāngbāng) (dialectal)
* 相輔 / 相辅 (Teochew)
* 聲援 / 声援 (shēngyuán, “to express support for”)
* 臂助 (bìzhù) (literary)
* 補益 / 补益 (bǔyì)
* 補臺 / 补台 (bǔtái) (mainland China)
* 贈力 / 赠力 (Hokkien)
* 贈助 / 赠助 (Hokkien)
* 贊喙 / 赞喙 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
* 贈手 / 赠手 (Hokkien)
* 贊聲 / 赞声 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
* 輔助 / 辅助 (fǔzhù)
* 陪 (péi) (literary, or in compounds)
* 鬥幫贈 / 斗帮赠 (Hokkien)
* 鬥相共 / 斗相共 (Hokkien)
* 鬥跤手 / 斗跤手 (Hokkien)
* 鬥跤搭 / 斗跤搭 (Hokkien)

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to help”):
* 妨礙 / 妨碍 (fáng'ài)
* 干擾 (gānrǎo)
* 搗亂 / 捣乱 (dǎoluàn)
* 阻礙 / 阻碍 (zǔ'ài)

#### Compounds

* 不翼而飛 / 不翼而飞 (bùyì'érfēi)
* 伏翼
* 側翼 / 侧翼 (cèyì)
* 兢兢翼翼
* 兩翼 / 两翼 (liǎngyì)
* 冰翼紙 / 冰翼纸
* 副翼 (fùyì)
* 勵翼 / 励翼
* 十翼
* 卵翼 (luǎnyì)
* 卵翼之恩
* 右翼 (yòuyì)
* 右翼分子 (yòuyì fènzǐ)
* 垂頭搨翼 / 垂头拓翼
* 天生羽翼
* 如虎傅翼
* 如虎得翼
* 如虎添翼 (rúhǔtiānyì)
* 如虎生翼
* 安定翼
* 小心翼翼 (xiǎoxīnyìyì)
* 尾翼 (wěiyì)
* 屋翼
* 左右翼
* 左翼 (zuǒyì)
* 後掠翼 / 后掠翼
* 戢翼
* 戢鱗潛翼 / 戢鳞潜翼
* 扶危翼傾 / 扶危翼倾
* 承翼
* 折翼
* 扶翼 (fúyì)
* 拊翼
* 振翼
* 振鱗奮翼 / 振鳞奋翼
* 攀鱗附翼 / 攀鳞附翼
* 旋翼
* 服翼
* 毋翼而飛 / 毋翼而飞
* 比翼 (bǐyì)
* 比翼連枝 / 比翼连枝
* 比翼雙飛 / 比翼双飞 (bǐyìshuāngfēi)
* 比翼鳥 / 比翼鸟 (bǐyìniǎo)
* 水翼船
* 滑翔翼
* 為虎傅翼 / 为虎傅翼
* 為虎添翼 / 为虎添翼
* 無翼而飛 / 无翼而飞
* 無翼鳥 / 无翼鸟 (wúyìniǎo)
* 燕翼
* 燕翼詒謀 / 燕翼诒谋
* 爾雅翼 / 尔雅翼
* 皮翼獸 / 皮翼兽
* 皮翼目
* 萬里鵬翼 / 万里鹏翼
* 紛紛翼翼 / 纷纷翼翼
* 羽翼 (yǔyì)
* 羽翼已成
* 翕翼
* 翼亮
* 翼側 / 翼侧 (yìcè)
* 翼卵
* 翼室
* 翼戴
* 翼手目
* 翼手類 / 翼手类
* 翼手龍 / 翼手龙 (yìshǒulóng)
* 翼日
* 翼琴
* 翼瓣
* 翼翼 (yìyì)
* 翼翼小心
* 胡林翼
* 與虎添翼 / 与虎添翼
* 彪虎生翼
* 蟬翼 / 蝉翼 (chányì)
* 補助翼 / 补助翼 (bǔzhùyì)
* 襟翼
* 贊翼 / 赞翼
* 趙翼 / 赵翼
* 輔翼 / 辅翼 (fǔyì)
* 連枝比翼 / 连枝比翼
* 雁行折翼
* 飄翼舵 / 飘翼舵
* 鼓翼
* 鼻翼 (bíyì)
* 龍翰鳳翼 / 龙翰凤翼

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 翼(よく) (yoku)
* → Korean: 익(翼) (ik)
* → Translingual: Yi

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): iah$^8$
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iah$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ia̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /iaʔ⁴/

#### Definitions

翼
* (Teochew) moth (insect of the order Lepidoptera)

#### Synonyms

* 撲棱蛾子 / 扑棱蛾子 (pūlēng'ézi) (Northern China, dialectal Mandarin)
* 白翼仔 (Hakka)
* 蛾 (é)
* 蛾子 (ézi)
* 蝶仔 (Hokkien)
* 飛蛾 / 飞蛾 (fēi'é)

### References

* “翼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 翼 |
| Kyūjitai | 翼󠄄 翼+&#xE0104; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: いき (iki)
* Kan-on: よく (yoku, Jōyō)
* Kun: つばさ (tsubasa, 翼, Jōyō)、たすける (tasukeru, 翼ける)
* Nanori: すけ (suke)、たすく (tasuku)、つばさ (tsubasa)

#### Compounds

* 翼(よく)賛(さん) (yokusan)
* 翼(よく)成(せい) (yokusei)
* 羽(う)翼(よく) (uyoku)
* 右(う)翼(よく) (uyoku, “right flank”)
* 鶴(かく)翼(よく) (kakuyoku)
* 銀(ぎん)翼(よく) (gin'yoku)
* 左(さ)翼(よく) (sayoku, “left flank”)
* 主(しゅ)翼(よく) (shuyoku)
* 比(ひ)翼(よく) (hiyoku)
* 尾(び)翼(よく) (biyoku)
* 鼻(び)翼(よく) (biyoku)
* 扶(ふ)翼(よく) (fuyoku, “assistance”)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 翼
* つばさ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 翅
/tubasa/ → /t͡subasa/
From Old Japanese.
Possibly a shift from a compound of 鳥(と) (to, “bird”) + 総(ふさ) (fusa, “tassel”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つばさ [tsùbásá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡sɨba̠sa̠]

#### Noun

翼(つばさ) • (tsubasa)
* a wing (of a bird or bat)
** 2015 September 19, “輝(き)銀(ぎん)の天空船(スカイシップ)－レオ号(ごう) [Silvery Skyship – Mk. Leo]”, in EXTRA PACK 2015, Konami:
    輝(き)銀(ぎん)の翼(つばさ)は栄(えい)光(こう)の印(しるし)。 その証(あかし)は言(こと)葉(ば)によって語(かた)られる。
       Kigin no tsubasa wa eikō no shirushi. Sono akashi wa kotoba ni yotte katarareru.
       Her silvery wings display her glory. The proof of her glories are told in legend.
* (by extension) a bird
    Synonyms: 鳥 (tori), 鳥類 (chōrui)
* (aviation) an airfoil, wing
* (by extension) an aircraft

##### See also

* 羽(はね) (hane)

#### Proper noun

翼(つばさ) • (Tsubasa)
* a male or female given name
* a surname

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 翼
* よく Grade: S
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 翼 (MC yik).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よく [yóꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [jo̞kɯ̟]

#### Noun

翼(よく) • (yoku)
* a wing (of a bird or insect)
    Synonym: 羽翼 (uyoku)
* (aviation) an airfoil
* (military) a flank
* a blade (of a propeller, turbine, etc.) with the same cross section of an aircraft wing

#### Counter

翼(よく) • (-yoku)
* counter for wings of birds
* (by extension) counter for birds
* counter for boats
    Synonyms: 隻 (seki), 艘 (sō)

#### Affix

翼(よく) • (yoku)
* wing (of a bird, insect, aircraft, etc.)
* (by extension) something overhanging both left and right, like a wing
* assist, help, support

#### Proper noun

翼(よく) • (Yoku)
* (Chinese astronomy) the Wings constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions
    Synonym: 襷星 (Tasukiboshi)
* a female given name

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 翼
* Grade: S
* nanori
Nominalization of classical verb 助く (tasuku), modern 助ける (tasukeru, “to assist, help; rescue, save”).

#### Proper noun

翼(たすく) • (Tasuku)
* a female given name

### References

* ↑ “翼”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

翼 (eumhun 날개 익 (nalgae ik))
* wings
* fins (of a fish)
* shelter

## Old Japanese
### Alternative forms

* 翅

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

翼 (tubasa) (kana つばさ)
* a wing (of a bird)
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 10, poem 2238:, text here
    天飛也鴈之翅乃覆羽之何處漏香霜之零異牟amato$_2$bu ya kari no$_2$ tubasa no$_2$ opopi$_1$ba no$_2$ iduku morite ka simo no$_2$ purike$_1$muFlying in the sky, a wild goose having wings; it's warming feather, that's leaking somewhere out there; a frost seems to have fallen.

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 翼 (つばさ, tsubasa)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

翼: Hán Nôm readings: dực
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.