# 孔子
## Chinese

* 孔子 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 孔子 (Cantonese)
* 孔子 (Classical)
* 孔子 (Gan)
* Khúng-chṳ́ (Hakka)
* Kūng-cṳ̄ (Eastern Min)
* Khóng-chú (Southern Min)
* 孔子 (Wu)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Kǒngzǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄗˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hung$^2$ zi$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): huung$^2$ du$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Khûng-chṳ́
    (Hailu, HRS): kung$^ˊ$ zii$^ˊ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Kūng-cṳ̄
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): korng$^3$ zo$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Khóng-chú / Khóng-chír / Khóng-chí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kong$^2$ ze$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$khon-tsy
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Kǒngzǐ [Phonetic: kóngzǐ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄗˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Kǒngzǐh
*** Wade–Giles: Kʻung$^3$-tzŭ$^3$
*** Yale: Kǔng-dž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Koongtzyy
*** Palladius: Кунцзы (Kunczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hung$^2$ zi$^2$
*** Yale: húng jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hung$^2$ dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hung$^2$ ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hʊŋ³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: huung$^2$ du$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɵŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Khûng-chṳ́
*** Hakka Romanization System: kung$^ˊ$ zii$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kung$^1$ zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰuŋ²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: kung$^ˊ$ zii$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰuŋ²⁴⁻³³ t͡sɨ²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Kūng-cṳ̄
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰuŋ³³⁻³⁵ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒy³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: korng$^3$ zo$^3$ [Phonetic: korng$^5$ no$^3$]
*** Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Kô̤ng-ceô
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɒŋ⁴⁵³⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$no⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: korng$^3$ zo$^3$ [Phonetic: korng$^5$ no$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɒŋ³³²⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$nɵ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khóng-chú
*** Tâi-lô: Khóng-tsú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qofngzuo
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kʰɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khóng-chír
*** Tâi-lô: Khóng-tsír
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khóng-chí
*** Tâi-lô: Khóng-tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qofngcie
*** IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /kʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kong$^2$ ze$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khóng tsṳ́
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰoŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sɯ⁵²⁻²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$khon-tsy
*** MiniDict: khon$^去$ tsy
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$khon-tsr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰoŋ³³ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: khuwngX tsiX
Rime :
| Character | 孔 | 子 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 康董切 | 即里切 |
| Baxter | khuwngX | tsiX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰuŋ$^X$/ | /t͡sɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰuŋ$^X$/ | /t͡sɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰuŋ$^X$/ | /t͡sie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰəwŋ$^X$/ | /t͡sɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰuŋ$^X$/ | /t͡siə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰuŋ$^X$/ | /t͡sĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰuŋ$^X$/ | /t͡si$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kǒng | zǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hung$^2$ | zi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʰˤoŋʔ tsəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰloːŋʔ ʔslɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 孔 | 子 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kǒng | zǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khuwng$^X$ › | ‹ tsi$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ʰˁoŋʔ/ | /*tsəʔ/ |
| English | (surname) | child; gentleman, master |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 孔 | 子 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7489 | 17857 |
| Phonetic component | 孔 | 子 |
| Rime group | 東 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 孔 | 子 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰloːŋʔ/ | /*ʔslɯʔ/ |
| Notes | 金文象就乳，與古候切從子殼聲字（說文乳也）同源 | |

### Proper noun

孔子
* Confucius
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
    Kǒngzǐ jiàn Lǎodān, Lǎodān xīnmù, fāngjiāng bèifà ér gān, zhérán sì fēirén. [Pinyin]
    Confucius went to see Lao Dan, and arrived just as he had completed the bathing of his head, and was letting his dishevelled hair get dry. There he was, motionless, and as if there were not another man in the world.

#### Synonyms

* 仲尼 (Zhòngní)
* 先師 / 先师 (xiānshī)
* 先聖 / 先圣 (xiānshèng)
* 夫子 (fūzǐ)
* 孔 (kǒng)
* 孔丘 (Kǒng Qiū)
* 孔夫子 (Kǒng Fūzǐ)
* 孔子公 (Hokkien)
* 素王 (sùwáng)

#### Derived terms

* 孔子公
* 孔子學 / 孔子学
* 孔子學院 / 孔子学院 (Kǒngzǐ Xuéyuàn)
* 孔子家語 / 孔子家语
* 孔子屎
* 孔子廟 / 孔子庙 (Kǒngzǐmiào)
* 孔子廟堂碑 / 孔子庙堂碑
* 孔子殿
* 孔子白
* 孔子菜
* 孔子誕辰紀念 / 孔子诞辰纪念
* 孔子鳥 / 孔子鸟 (kǒngzǐniǎo)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 孔(こう)子(し) (Kōshi)
* → Korean: 공자(孔子) (Gongja)
* → Vietnamese: Khổng Tử (孔子)
Others:
* → English: Kongzi
* → Kazakh: Құң-зы (Qūñ-zy)
* → Khmer: ខុងជឺ (khong cɨɨ)
* → Lao: ຂົງຈື້ (khong chư̄)
* → Manchu: ᡴᡠᠩᡯᡳ (kungdzi)
* → Mongolian: Күнз (Künz)
* → Russian: Ку́н-цзы́ (Kún-czý)
* → Thai: ขงจื๊อ (kǒng-jʉ́ʉ)
* → Tibetan: ཁུང་ཙི (khung tsi)
* → Uyghur: كۇڭزى (kungzi)
* → Zhuang: Gungjswj

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 孔 | 子 |
| こう Grade: S | し Grade: 1 |
| kan'on ||
Kanji in this term :
| 孔 | 子 |
| く Grade: S | し > じ Grade: 1 |
| goon ||

### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 孔子 (MC khuwngX tsiX).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ko̞ːɕi]
* IPA: [kɯ̟ʑi]

### Proper noun

孔(こう)子(し) or 孔(く)子(じ) • (Kōshi or Kuji)
* Confucius
    Synonym: 孔夫子 (Kō Fūshi)

### See also

* 孔(く)子(じ)倒(だお)れ (Kujidaore)
* 孔(く)子(じ)の役(やく) (Kuji no yaku)
* 孔(こう)子(し)頭(あたま) (Kōshiatama)
* 孔(こう)子(し)顔(がお) (Kōshigao)
* 孔(こう)子(し)家(け)語(ご) (Kōshi Kego)
* 孔(こう)子(し)廟(びょう) (Kōshibyō)
* 諸(しょ)子(し)百(ひゃっ)家(か) (Shoshi Hyakka)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 孔 | 子 |

### Proper noun

孔子 • (Gongja) (hangeul 공자)
* hanja form of 공자 (“Confucius”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 孔 | 子 |

### Proper noun

孔子
* chữ Hán form of Khổng Tử (“Confucius”).