# 癩

| 癩 | U+7669, &#30313; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7669 |
| ← 癨 [U+7668] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 癪 → [U+766A] |
| 癩 | U+F90E, &#63758; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F90E |
| ← 懶 [U+F90D] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 羅 → [U+F90F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

癩 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+16, 21 strokes, cangjie input 大木中金 (KDLC), four-corner 0018$_6$, composition ⿸疒賴)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 782, character 41
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22622
* Dae Jaweon: page 1192, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2703, character 10
* Unihan data for U+7669
* Unihan data for U+F90E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 賴 | *raːds |
| 籟 | *raːds |
| 癩 | *raːds, *raːd |
| 瀨 | *raːds |
| 藾 | *raːds |
| 攋 | *raːds, *reːdʔ, *raːd |
| 懶 | *raːnʔ |
| 嬾 | *raːnʔ |
| 獺 | *r̥ʰaːd, *hr'aːd |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lài (lai$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄞˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nai$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): laai$^6$ / laai$^3$ / laat$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): lâi
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lāi / thái
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$la
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lài
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lài
*** Wade–Giles: lai$^4$
*** Yale: lài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lay
*** Palladius: лай (laj)
*** Sinological IPA : /laɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nai$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lai
*** Sinological IPA : /nai²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: laai$^6$ / laai$^3$ / laat$^6$
*** Yale: laaih / laai / laaht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: laai$^6$ / laai$^3$ / laat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lai$^6$ / lai$^3$ / lad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /laːi̯²²/, /laːi̯³³/, /laːt̚²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lâi
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ɑi²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāi
*** Tâi-lô: lāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lai
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lai²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thái
*** Tâi-lô: thái
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tae
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tʰai⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰai⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰai⁴¹/
* lāi - literary;
* thái - vernacular (俗).
* Middle Chinese: lajH, lat
Rime :
| Character | 癩 | 癩 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (25) | 曷 (63) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 落蓋切 | 盧達切 |
| Baxter | lajH | lat |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɑi$^H$/ | /lɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɑi$^H$/ | /lɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɑi$^H$/ | /lɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /laj$^H$/ | /lat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /lɑi$^H$/ | /lɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /lɑi$^H$/ | /lɑt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lɑi$^H$/ | /lɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lài | là |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | laai$^6$ | laat$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*raːds/, /*raːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 癩 | 癩 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 7633 | 7641 |
| Phonetic component | 賴 | 賴 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 賴 | 剌 |
| Old Chinese | /*raːds/ | /*raːd/ |

### Definitions

癩
* leprosy
* (regional) favus, especially of the scalp
* coarse; uneven; rough

#### Compounds

* 好癩 / 好癞
* 疥癩 / 疥癞
* 癩子 / 癞子 (làizi)
* 癩瓜 / 癞瓜 (làiguā)
* 癩病 / 癞病 (làibìng)
* 癩皮狗 / 癞皮狗 (làipígǒu)
* 癩皮病 / 癞皮病
* 癩蝦蟆 / 癞虾蟆 (làiháma)
* 癩頭 / 癞头
* 癩頭跣腳 / 癞头跣脚
* 癩頭黿 / 癞头鼋 (làitóuyuán)
* 粗癩癩 / 粗癞癞

#### Descendants

* ⇒ Tangwang: lɛ²⁴ > lɛ²⁴pa⁴⁴xa⁴²

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* leprosy
    Synonyms: 厲, 癘

#### Readings

* Go-on: らい (rai)
* Kan-on: らい (rai)
* Kun: かったい (kattai, 癩)

#### Compounds

* 癩(らい)菌(きん) (raikin)
* 癩(らい)疾(しつ) (raishitsu) (厲(らい)疾(しつ))
* 癩(らい)者(しゃ) (raisha)
* 癩(らい)人(じん) (raijin) (厲(らい)人(じん))
* 癩(らい)病(びょう) (raibyō)
* 白(びゃく)癩(らい) (byakurai)

### Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 癩 (MC lajH).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) らい [ráꜜì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɾa̠i]

#### Noun

癩(らい) • (rai)
* (dated, derogatory) leprosy
    Synonyms: (common) ハンセン病 (Hansen-byō), (dated, derogatory) 癩病 (raibyō)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 癩
* かったい Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 癩 – see the following entry. :
| 【乞丐かったい】 | [noun] (archaic, derogatory) leprosy [noun] beggar [noun] (derogatory) idiot, fool |
(This term, 癩, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

癩 (eumhun 나병(癩病) 라 (nabyeong ra), word-initial (South Korea) 나병(癩病) 나 (nabyeong na))
* hanja form of 나 (“leprosy”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

癩: Hán Nôm readings: lại, cùi, lầy
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.