# sake
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English sake (“sake, cause”), from Old English sacu (“cause, lawsuit, legal action, complaint, issue, dispute”), from Proto-West Germanic *saku, from Proto-Germanic *sakō (“affair, thing, charge, accusation, matter”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂g- (“to investigate”).
Akin to West Frisian saak (“cause; business”), Low German Saak, Dutch zaak (“matter; cause; business”), German Sache (“thing; matter; cause; legal cause”), Danish sag, Swedish and Norwegian sak, Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌾𐍉 (sakjō, “dispute, argument”), Old English sōcn (“inquiry, prosecution”), Old English sēcan (“to seek”). More at soke, soken, seek.

#### Pronunciation

* enPR: sāk, IPA: /ˈseɪk/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪk

#### Noun

sake (plural sakes)
* cause, interest or account
    For the sake of argument
* purpose or end; reason
    For old times' sake
* the benefit or regard of someone or something
** 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Matthew xxiiij:[22], folio xxxiiij, verso:Ne ãd except thoſe dayes ſhulde be ſhoꝛtened / ſhulde no fleſſe be faved: Butt foꝛ the choſens ſake thoſe dayes ſhalbe ſhoꝛtened.
** 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:When I gave a dinner there was generally a cover laid for him. I liked the man for his own sake, and even had he promised to turn out a celebrity it would have had no weight with me.
** 2005, Plato, Sophist. Translation by Lesley Brown. 242a-b.
    But it will be for your sake that we'll undertake to refute this thesis, […]
* (obsolete except in phrases) contention, strife; guilt, sin, accusation or charge
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 3:17:And unto Adam He said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life.

##### Usage notes

* The word sake is generally used in constructions of the form "for X's sake" or "for the sake of X", where X is a noun (see the quotations above, for sake of, and for the sake of).
* Garner's Modern American Usage notes it is common to write an (unpronounced) apostrophe rather than apostrophe–ess in this construction when the noun ends in an /s/ or /z/ sound: for appearance' sake, for goodness' sake.

##### Derived terms

* art for art's sake
* for any sake
* for Christ's sake
* for cripes sake
* for cripes' sake
* for fuck's sake
* for fudge's sake
* for Goddess's sake
* for God's sake
* for goodness' sake
* for gosh sake
* for heaven's sake
* for land's sake
* for land's sake alive
* for mercy's sake
* for name's sake
* for old sake's sake
* for old times' sake
* for old time's sake
* for Pete's sake
* for pity's sake
* forsake
* for sake of
* for shame's sake
* for the land's sake
* for the land's sake alive
* for the sake of
* for the sake of it
* for very shame's sake
* fuck's sake
* keepsake
* land sake
* land sake alive
* land sakes
* land's sake
* land's sake alive
* namesake
* name-sake
* sackless
* sake and soke
* withsake

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

sake (countable and uncountable, plural sakes)
* Alternative spelling of saké

### Anagrams

* KEAS, akes, seak, aske, kesa, Kase, Seka, keas

## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* saké, saki

### Etymology

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsaː.keː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: sa‧ke

### Noun

sake m (uncountable)
* sake (Japanese rice wine)
    Hypernyms: rijstbier, rijstwijn

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɑke/, [ˈs̠ɑ̝k̟e̞]
* Rhymes: -ɑke
* Hyphenation: sa‧ke

### Noun

sake
* sake (Japanese rice wine)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of sake (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
sakeni
sakeni
accusative
nom.
sakeni
sakeni
gen.
sakeni
genitive
sakeni
sakejeni sakeini $^{rare}$
partitive
sakeani
sakejani
inessive
sakessani
sakeissani
elative
sakestani
sakeistani
illative
sakeeni
sakeihini
adessive
sakellani
sakeillani
ablative
sakeltani
sakeiltani
allative
sakelleni
sakeilleni
essive
sakenani
sakeinani
translative
sakekseni
sakeikseni
abessive
sakettani
sakeittani
instructive
comitative
—sakeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
sakesi
sakesi
accusative
nom.
sakesi
sakesi
gen.
sakesi
genitive
sakesi
sakejesi sakeisi $^{rare}$
partitive
sakeasi
sakejasi
inessive
sakessasi
sakeissasi
elative
sakestasi
sakeistasi
illative
sakeesi
sakeihisi
adessive
sakellasi
sakeillasi
ablative
sakeltasi
sakeiltasi
allative
sakellesi
sakeillesi
essive
sakenasi
sakeinasi
translative
sakeksesi
sakeiksesi
abessive
sakettasi
sakeittasi
instructive
comitative
—sakeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
sakemme
sakemme
accusative
nom.
sakemme
sakemme
gen.
sakemme
genitive
sakemme
sakejemme sakeimme $^{rare}$
partitive
sakeamme
sakejamme
inessive
sakessamme
sakeissamme
elative
sakestamme
sakeistamme
illative
sakeemme
sakeihimme
adessive
sakellamme
sakeillamme
ablative
sakeltamme
sakeiltamme
allative
sakellemme
sakeillemme
essive
sakenamme
sakeinamme
translative
sakeksemme
sakeiksemme
abessive
sakettamme
sakeittamme
instructive
comitative
—sakeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
sakenne
sakenne
accusative
nom.
sakenne
sakenne
gen.
sakenne
genitive
sakenne
sakejenne sakeinne $^{rare}$
partitive
sakeanne
sakejanne
inessive
sakessanne
sakeissanne
elative
sakestanne
sakeistanne
illative
sakeenne
sakeihinne
adessive
sakellanne
sakeillanne
ablative
sakeltanne
sakeiltanne
allative
sakellenne
sakeillenne
essive
sakenanne
sakeinanne
translative
sakeksenne
sakeiksenne
abessive
sakettanne
sakeittanne
instructive
comitative
—sakeinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
sakensa
sakensa
accusative
nom.
sakensa
sakensa
gen.
sakensa
genitive
sakensa
sakejensa sakeinsa $^{rare}$
partitive
sakeaan sakeansa
sakejaan sakejansa
inessive
sakessaan sakessansa
sakeissaan sakeissansa
elative
sakestaan sakestansa
sakeistaan sakeistansa
illative
sakeensa
sakeihinsa
adessive
sakellaan sakellansa
sakeillaan sakeillansa
ablative
sakeltaan sakeltansa
sakeiltaan sakeiltansa
allative
sakelleen sakellensa
sakeilleen sakeillensa
essive
sakenaan sakenansa
sakeinaan sakeinansa
translative
sakekseen sakeksensa
sakeikseen sakeiksensa
abessive
sakettaan sakettansa
sakeittaan sakeittansa
instructive
comitative
—sakeineen sakeinensa :

### Further reading

* “sake”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* eksa-, seka-

## Hausa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sà.kéː/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [sə̀.céː]

### Noun

sàkē m (possessed form sàken)
* slackness

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Japanese 酒(さけ) (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sa.ke/
* Hyphenation: sa‧ké

### Noun

sake (plural)
* sake (Japanese rice wine)

#### Alternative forms

* saki (nonstandard)

### Further reading

* “sake” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Japanese
### Romanization

sake
* Rōmaji transcription of さけ
* Rōmaji transcription of サケ

## Kapampangan
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sakay.

### Verb

sake
* to board, to embark, to ride

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch *saka, from Proto-West Germanic *saku.

### Noun

sāke f
* case, matter, affair
* thing
* cause, reason

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Descendants

* Dutch: zaak
* Limburgish: zaak

### Further reading

* “sake”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “sake”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Moore
### Etymology

Cognate with Farefare sakɛ

### Pronunciation

IPA: /sà.ke/

### Verb

sake
* to take out
* to accept, agree, approve of, tolerate, permit, obey
* to answer to a call
* to succeed, do well

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²saːkə/

### Noun

sake m (definite singular saken, indefinite plural sakar, definite plural sakane)
* saké (Japanese rice wine)
    Hypernyms: risøl, risvin

### References

* “sake” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀲𑀓𑁂 (Brahmi script)
* सके (Devanagari script)
* সকে (Bengali script)
* සකෙ (Sinhalese script)
* သကေ or သၵေ (Burmese script)
* สเก or สะเก (Thai script)
* ᩈᨠᩮ (Tai Tham script)
* ສເກ or ສະເກ (Lao script)
* សកេ (Khmer script)
* 𑄥𑄇𑄬 (Chakma script)

### Adjective

sake
* inflection of saka (“one's own”):
** masculine/neuter locative singular
** masculine accusative plural
** feminine vocative singular

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsa.kɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -akɛ
* Syllabification: sa‧ke

### Noun

sake n (indeclinable)
* sake (Japanese rice wine)

### Further reading

* sake in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* sake in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* saquê, saqué

### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /saˈke/, /saˈkɛ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /saˈke/, /saˈkɛ/

### Noun

sake m (plural sakes)
* sake (Japanese rice wine)

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:saquê.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French saké.

### Noun

sake n (uncountable)
* sake

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsake/ [ˈsa.ke]
* Rhymes: -ake
* Syllabification: sa‧ke
* Homophone: saque

### Noun

sake m (plural sakes)
* sake (Japanese rice wine)

### Further reading

* “sake”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* saké

### Noun

sake c
* saké (rice wine)

#### Declension
### References

* sake in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* sake in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* sake in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)