# 顙

| 顙 | U+9859, &#39001; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9859 |
| ← 願 [U+9858] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 顚 → [U+985A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

顙 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+10, 19 strokes, cangjie input 水木一月金 (EDMBC), four-corner 1198$_6$, composition ⿰桑頁)

#### Derived characters

* 𣌛

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1408, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43624
* Dae Jaweon: page 1926, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4388, character 6
* Unihan data for U+9859

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 桒 | *sŋaːŋ |
| 桑 | *sŋaːŋ |
| 磉 | *sŋaːŋʔ |
| 顙 | *sŋaːŋʔ |
| 嗓 | *sŋaːŋʔ |
| 搡 | *sŋaːŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sŋaːŋʔ): phonetic 桑 (OC *sŋaːŋ) + semantic 頁 (“head”).

### Etymology

Unclear. Possibly from an Austroasiatic language; compare Proto-Munda *sv₂maŋ (“forehead”), which may be connected to Old Khmer saṅ (“to raise”) (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sǎng (sang$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄤˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): song$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sóng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sǎng
*** Wade–Giles: sang$^3$
*** Yale: sǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: saang
*** Palladius: сан (san)
*** Sinological IPA : /sɑŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: song$^2$
*** Yale: sóng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: song$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: song$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɔːŋ³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sóng
*** Tâi-lô: sóng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sorng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sɔŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɔŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sɔŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔŋ⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: sangX
Rime :
| Character | 顙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 蘇朗切 |
| Baxter | sangX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /saŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /sɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /sɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /sɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sǎng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | song$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ˤaŋʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sŋaːŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 顙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sǎng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sang$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]ˁaŋʔ/ |
| English | forehead |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 顙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10982 |
| Phonetic component | 桑 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 顙 |
| Old Chinese | /*sŋaːŋʔ/ |

### Definitions

顙
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) forehead
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Jīnfū shuǐ, bó ér yuè zhī, kě shǐ guò sǎng. [Pinyin]
    Now by striking water and causing it to leap up, you may make it go over your forehead.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) head
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to kowtow

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 額, 顙, 顱 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 前額, 額頭, 額門, 眉宇 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 腦門兒, 腦門子, 頁勒蓋兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 額頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 奔兒嘍, 奔兒嘍頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 奔兒嘍, 奔兒嘍頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 腦門兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 額頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 腦門子, 腦門兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 腦門子, 腦門兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 額頭 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 額拉蓋兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 額楞蓋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 額樓, 額樓頭, 額門蓋兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 額頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong (Ronghe) | 腦門子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 囟門頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 額顱 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 額目頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 額頭子, 腦門子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 奔顱, 腦門子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 額顱 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 腦門子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 天門 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 崩樓 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 崩樓 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi (Xigou) | 奔顱, 天門蓋 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi (Changshanzi) | 額頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 額顱 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 額殼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 額頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 腦門 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 額頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 額頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 額腦殼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 額頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 額頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 額腦頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 腦殼 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 額頭, 額 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 額, 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 前額 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 白額, 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 前額 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 眉頭 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 眉頭 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 眉頭 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 眉頭 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 前額 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 額 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 額 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 前額 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 額頭, 天庭 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 額 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 額頭 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 額頭 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 天門 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 額角, 額 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 額殼 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 額角 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 額角 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 額門 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 額角, 額門 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 額囟頭 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 額囟頭 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 額囟頭 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 額門 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 額門 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 額角 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 額門 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 額門頭 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 前額 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 額角 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 額門頭 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Changting | 額角, 額頭 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 額頭, 額門 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 額門 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 額角 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 額角 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 額早, 額角 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 額頭, 天門 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 額 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 額膛 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 額角, 額 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 額門 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 額門 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 天門 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 額門頭 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 額角 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 額角 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 額堂 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 額頭 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 額頭殼 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 額門頭 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 花額, 牛頭前 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 崩兒顱, 崩頭, 前崩顱 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 奔頭 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 眉靈闊 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 腦門 |
| Jin | Linhe | 崩臚 |
| Jin | Jining | 眉頭, 眉棱骨 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 眉棱骨 |
| Jin | Baotou | 眉頭, 眉棱骨 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 額 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 崩臚 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 額頭 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 頭囟 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 額頭 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 額頭 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 額頭 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 額, 頭額 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 額頭舷 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 頭額頭 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 額頭 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 頭額, 天平, 額𩉍, 眉額, 前擴 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 頭額, 天平, 前擴 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 頭額, 天平, 額𩉍, 天額, 前擴 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 額𩉍 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 額𩉍 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 額𩉍 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 頭殼額仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 天平 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 頭額, 額頭 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 額, 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 額, 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 額頭 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 額頭 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 額頭 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 額門神, 額面神 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 額頭, 額門神 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 額頭, 額門神 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 額, 額門神 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 前枕 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 額頭 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 額 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 額囟, 額門神 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 頭額 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 頭額, 囟額 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 頭額 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 額頭前, 額頭 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 額頭 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 額頭前 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 頭案前 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 額頭 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 額頭前 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 額頭前 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 額頭 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 額前頭, 額頭 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 額頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 額角頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 額骨頭 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 額角頭 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 額角頭 |
| Wu | Danyang | 額角頭, 額頭 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 額骨頭, 額角頭 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 腦殼頭, 額角頭 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 額頭, 門前額 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 頭角, 額骨頭, 額角頭 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 額殼, 額角, 額頭 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 額頭 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 額頭 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 額頭 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 額頭 |

### Compounds

* 乾顙 / 干颡
* 低顙 / 低颡
* 加顙 / 加颡
* 叩顙 / 叩颡
* 喬聲顙氣 / 乔声颡气
* 大顙 / 大颡
* 搏顙 / 搏颡
* 攮顙 / 攮颡
* 啟顙 / 启颡
* 方顙 / 方颡
* 束顙 / 束颡
* 泣血稽顙 / 泣血稽颡
* 泚顙 / 泚颡
* 浪聲顙氣 / 浪声颡气
* 白顙 / 白颡
* 的顙 / 的颡
* 碓顙 / 碓颡
* 稽顙 / 稽颡
* 稽顙泣血 / 稽颡泣血
* 稽顙肉袒 / 稽颡肉袒
* 稽顙膜拜 / 稽颡膜拜
* 闊顙 / 阔颡
* 頂顙 / 顶颡
* 頏顙 / 颃颡
* 頓顙 / 顿颡
* 頟顙 / 额颡
* 頭顙 / 头颡
* 顙叫子 / 颡叫子
* 顙子 / 颡子
* 顙子眼 / 颡子眼
* 顙推之履 / 颡推之履
* 顙根 / 颡根
* 顙汗 / 颡汗
* 顙泚 / 颡泚
* 顙骨 / 颡骨
* 顱顙 / 颅颡
* 馰顙 / 馰颡
* 黃金顙 / 黄金颡
* 黃顙口 / 黄颡口 (Huángsǎngkǒu)
* 黃顙魚 / 黄颡鱼
* 鼓顙 / 鼓颡
* 龍顙 / 龙颡

### References

* “顙”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): そう (sō)
* Kun: ひたい (hitai)

## Korean
### Hanja

顙 • (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune–Reischauer sang, Yale sang)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

顙: Hán Việt readings: tảng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.