# בת
## Hebrew
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Semitic *bint-, the /i/ changing to /a/ through Philippi's Law and /n/ assimilating to the following /t/.
Cognate with Arabic بنت (bint).

#### Pronunciation

* (Biblical Hebrew) IPA: /bat/, /baθ/
* (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA: /bat/, [baːθ]
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /bat/

#### Noun

בַּת • (bat) f (plural indefinite בָּנוֹת, singular construct בַּת־, plural construct בְּנוֹת־, masculine counterpart בֵּן)
* daughter
** Tanach, Exodus 2:7, with translation of the King James Version:וַתֹּאמֶר אֲחֹתוֹ אֶל בַּת פַּרְעֹהvatómer achotó el bat par'óThen said his sister to Pharaoh's daughter
* (by analogy with בן) a direct female descendant
    בת חוה ― bat khavá ― daughter of Eve
* a girl, a gal
* (construct only) Used in expressing the age of a woman, a girl, or the referent of a feminine noun: age, aged.
    היא בת שש. ― hi bat shesh. ― She is six years old. (literally, “She is a daughter of six.”)
** HaTikva
    עוד לא אבדה תקותינו \ התקוה בת שנות אלפיםod lo avda tikvatenu / hatikvah bat shenot alpayimOur hope is not yet lost / The hope of two thousand years old

##### Usage notes

* Like other words that start with ב,‎ ג,‎ ד,‎ כ,‎ פ,‎ or ת, this term's initial letter takes a dagesh lene. In older texts, that dagesh is usually dropped when the word is preceded, in the same phrase, by a word ending in a mater lectionis; in modern texts, the dagesh is usually preserved even in such a case. Likewise, in older texts, the dagesh is always dropped when the word is prefixed by an indefinite ב־‏,‎ כ־‏,‎ or ל־‏, or by ו־‏; in modern speech, the dagesh is often preserved in such a case. (After the definite ב־‏,‎ כ־‏,‎ and ל־‏, and after the prefixes ה־‏,‎ מ־‏,‎ and ש־‏, there is a dagesh forte, as described in the usage notes for those prefixes.)

##### Declension

| Number | Isolated forms | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns |
| Number | State | Form | Person | singular | singular | plural | plural |
| Number | State | Form | Person | m. | f. | m. | f. |
| singular | indefinite | בַּת | first | בִּתִּי | בִּתִּי | בִּתֵּנוּ | בִּתֵּנוּ |
| singular | definite | הַבַּת | second | בִּתְּךָ | בִּתֵּךְ | בִּתְּכֶם | בִּתְּכֶן |
| singular | construct | בַּת־ | third | בִּתּוֹ | בִּתָּהּ | בִּתָּם | בִּתָּן |
| plural | indefinite | בָּנוֹת | first | בנותיי / בְּנוֹתַי | בנותיי / בְּנוֹתַי | בְּנוֹתֵינוּ | בְּנוֹתֵינוּ |
| plural | definite | הַבָּנוֹת | second | בְּנוֹתֶיךָ | בנותייך / בְּנוֹתַיִךְ | בְּנוֹתֵיכֶם | בְּנוֹתֵיכֶן |
| plural | construct | בְּנוֹת־ | third | בְּנוֹתָיו | בְּנוֹתֶיהָ | בְּנוֹתָם | בְּנוֹתָן |

##### Derived terms

* בַּת־דּוֹד (bat-dód)
* בַּת יָם (bat yam)
* בַּת־קוֹל (bat kol)
* בַּת שֶׁבַע (bat shéva)

### Etymology 2

Perhaps related to Arabic بَاطِيَة (bāṭiya, “wine-vessel”) etc. what is mentioned there.

#### Noun

בַּת • (bat) m or f (plural indefinite בָּתִּים)
* (Biblical Hebrew) a liquid measure of about 40 litres

##### Descendants

* → English: bath
* → Ancient Greek: βάτος (bátos), βάδος (bádos)

### References

* Lagarde, Paul de (1880) Orientalia‎ (in German), volume 2, Göttingen: Dieterichsche Verlags-Buchhandlung, pages 10–12
* H1323 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* H1324 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible