# 袁

| 袁 | U+8881, &#34945; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8881 |
| ← 袀 [U+8880] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 袂 → [U+8882] |

## Translingual
### Han character

袁 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 土口竹女 (GRHV), four-corner 4073$_2$, composition ⿱𠮷𧘇)

#### Derived characters

* 㝨, 瞏, 𥰟, 遠, 園, 榬, 褤, 轅(辕), 鎱, 媴, 㨬, 溒, 猿

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1113, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34152
* Dae Jaweon: page 1579, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 444, character 11
* Unihan data for U+8881

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 袁 :
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 薳 | *ɢʷalʔ |
| 袁 | *ɢʷan |
| 園 | *ɢʷan |
| 轅 | *ɢʷan |
| 猿 | *ɢʷan |
| 榬 | *ɢʷan |
| 溒 | *ɢʷan |
| 遠 | *ɢʷanʔ, *ɢʷans |
In oracle bone script, ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 衣 (“clothes”) + 又 (“hand”) – "to put on clothes; to wear", representing the original form of 擐 (OC *ɡʷraːns) (Qiu, 1985, Chi, 2014). Some variant forms added 〇 (the earliest form of 圓 (OC *ɢon, “circle”), now written 口) as a sound component. The component 又 has corrupted into 㞢 in seal script and 土 in clerical script.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yuán (yuan$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yuan$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyun$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yon$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yèn / yàn
    (Hailu, HRS): rhan
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yan$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): uòng / nguòng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): oân
    (Teochew, Peng'im): uang$^5$ / uêng$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yoe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuán
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuán
*** Wade–Giles: yüan$^2$
*** Yale: ywán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
*** Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛn³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: yuan$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uan
*** Sinological IPA : /yan²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^4$
*** Yale: yùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yon$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /jᵘɔn²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèn
*** Hakka Romanization System: ien$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯en¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàn
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhan
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒan⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ian¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: uòng / nguòng
*** Sinological IPA : /uoŋ⁵³/, /ŋuoŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oân
*** Tâi-lô: uân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oaan
*** IPA (Xiamen): /uan²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /uan²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /uan²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: uang$^5$ / uêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uâng / uêng
*** Sinological IPA : /uaŋ⁵⁵/, /ueŋ⁵⁵/
* uang1 - Shantou;
* uêng5 - Chaozhou.
* Middle Chinese: hjwon
Rime :
| Character | 袁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 雨元切 |
| Baxter | hjwon |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦʉɐn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷiɐn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣiuɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦuan/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣiuɐn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣĭwɐn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wɐn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yuán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷa[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷan/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 袁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yuán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hjwon › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ʷa[n]/ |
| English | long robe |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 袁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16220 |
| Phonetic component | 袁 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 袁 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷan/ |

### Definitions

袁
* (historical dictionaries only, of clothing) long
* a surname
    袁世凱／袁世凯 ― Yuán Shìkǎi ― Yuan Shikai
    袁隆平 ― Yuán Lóngpíng ― Yuan Longping

### Compounds

* 袁大腦殼 / 袁大脑壳
* 袁大頭 / 袁大头 (yuándàtóu)
* 袁安臥雪 / 袁安卧雪
* 袁沖 / 袁冲 (Yuánchōng)
* 袁頭 / 袁头 (yuántóu)

### References

* “袁”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03714
* “袁”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* long kimono

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): えん (en)、おん (on)

## Korean
### Hanja

袁 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)
* robe

## Vietnamese
### Han character

袁: Hán Nôm readings: viên
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.