# causa
## Asturian
### Verb

causa
* inflection of causar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈkaw.zə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈkaw.za]
* Rhymes: -awza
* Hyphenation: cau‧sa

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin causa. Doublet of the inherited cosa. Cognates include English cause, French cause, Italian causa, Portuguese causa, Spanish causa.

#### Noun

causa f (plural causes)
* cause (the source of, the reason for)
* (law) lawsuit

##### Derived terms

* a causa de
* capicausa
* causal
* causar

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

causa
* inflection of causar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

#### Further reading

* “causa” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Dalmatian
### Etymology

From Latin causa.

### Noun

causa f
* thing

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ko.za/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: causas, causât

### Verb

causa
* third-person singular past historic of causer

## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkawsa/ [ˈkɑw.s̺ɐ]
* Rhymes: -awsa
* Hyphenation: cau‧sa

### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin causa. Doublet of the inherited cousa.

#### Noun

causa f (plural causas)
* cause

#### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “causa”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “causa”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “causa”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “causa”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

causa
* inflection of causar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Interlingua
### Noun

causa (plural causas)
* cause (someone or something that causes a result)

#### Related terms

* causal

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkaw.sa/
* Rhymes: -awsa
* Hyphenation: càu‧sa

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin causa. Doublet of the inherited cosa. Cognates include English and French cause, Portuguese and Spanish causa.

#### Noun

causa f (plural cause)
* cause
* (law) lawsuit
    Synonym: lite

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

causa
* inflection of causare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

##### Derived terms

* a causa di
* causare

##### Related terms

* causale
* cosa

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* caussa (used by Cicero and a little after him)

### Etymology

From Old Latin caussa, from Proto-Italic *kaussā, further origin unknown. Connected by some to Latin cudo (“I strike”), in the sense "strike a cause," in which the Proto-Indo-European form would be *kewh₂-ud-ʰ-t-, from *kewh₂- (“to cut, strike”). Others are skeptical of an Indo-European origin. Related to Etruscan 𐌂𐌀𐌅𐌔𐌀 (cavsa).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈkau̯.sa/, [ˈkäu̯s̠ä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈkau̯.sa/, [ˈkäːu̯sä]

### Noun

causa f (genitive causae); first declension
* cause, reason
    qua de causa/qua de re/quam ob causam ― for this reason/therefore
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.169–170:Ille diēs prīmus lētī prīmusque malōrum causa fuit [...].That day – a first of death, and onset of misery – it was the cause [of everything]. (The union of Dido and Aeneas begets tragedy.)
* (law) case, claim, contention
* cause, judicial process, lawsuit
    Synonym: cognitiō
* motive, reason, pretext, inducement, motivation
* condition, occasion, situation, state
* (figuratively) justification, explanation
* (Medieval Latin) thing

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* accūsō
* causārius
* causidicus
* causor
* causula
* excūsō
* incūsō
* recūsō

### Postposition

causā (+ genitive)
* for the sake of, on account of
    urbis causā ― for the sake of the city

#### Derived terms

* dicis causā
* in causā sum
* sine causā

#### Descendants

* Dalmatian:
** causa
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: cosa
*** → Sardinian: cosa
** Neapolitan: cosa
*** → Occitan: còsa (Guardia Piemontese)
** Sicilian: cosa
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: cjosse, čhosse
** Ladin: cossa
** Romansch: chaussa, caussa, tgossa, chosa
* Venetan:
** Venetan: cosa
* Gallo-Italic:
** Lombard: còssa
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: chousa
** Old French: chose, cose
*** French: chose
**** → English: chose ("property")
*** Picard: cose
*** Walloon: tchôze
* Occitano-Romance:
** Catalan: cosa
** Gascon: causa
** Occitan: causa, chausa, cauva
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: cosa
** Asturian: cousa, cosa
** Mirandese: cousa
** Old Galician-Portuguese: cousa
*** Fala: coixa, coixha
*** Galician: cousa
*** Portuguese: coisa, cousa (dated), coysa (obsolete) (see there for further descendants)
** Old Spanish: cosa
*** Ladino: koza
*** Spanish: cosa
* Insular Romance:
** Old Sardinian: casa
* Ancient borrowings:
** → Albanian: kafshë
** → Basque: gauza
** → Old Irish: caus, cauis
*** Irish: cúis
** → Kabyle: taɣawsa
** → Tashelhit: taɣawsa
** → Nefusa: taɣawsa
* Later borrowings:
** → Catalan: causa
** → Czech: kauza
** → English: cause
** → Esperanto: kaŭzo
** → French: cause
** → Friulian: cause
** → Ido: kauzo
** → Italian: causa
** → Macedonian: кауза (kauza)
** → Occitan: causa
** → Portuguese: causa
** → Romanian: cauză
** → Sicilian: causa
** → Spanish: causa

### References

* “causa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “causa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "causa", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* causa in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. on the spur of the moment: temporis causa to make not the slightest effort; not to stir a finger: manum non vertere alicuius rei causa my position is considerably improved; my prospects are brighter: res meae meliore loco, in meliore causa sunt my circumstances have not altered: eadem est causa mea or in eadem causa sum to quote as a reason; give as excuse: causam afferre for valid reasons: iustis de causis cogent, decisive reasons: magnae (graves) necessariae causae on good grounds; reasonably: non sine causa how came it that...: quid causae fuit cur...? the motive, cause, is to be found in..: causa posita est in aliqua re the motive, cause, is to be found in..: causa repetenda est ab aliqua re (not quaerenda) I was induced by several considerations to..: multae causae me impulerunt ad aliquid or ut... to interpose, put forward an argument, a reason: causam interponere or interserere to find a suitable pretext: causam idoneam nancisci under the pretext, pretence of..: per causam (with Gen.) cause and effect: causae rerum et consecutiones extraneous causes: causae extrinsecus allatae (opp. in ipsa re positae) concatenation, interdependence of causes: rerum causae aliae ex aliis nexae to leave the question open; to refuse to commit oneself: integrum (causam integram) sibi reservare to be favourably disposed towards: alicuius causa velle or cupere to speak of some one respectfully: honoris causa aliquem nominare or appellare for one's own diversion; to satisfy a whim: voluptatis or animi causa (B. G. 5. 12) in memory of..: memoriae causa, ad (not in) memoriam (Brut. 16. 62) to cite a person or a thing as an example: aliquem (aliquid) exempli causa ponere, proferre, nominare, commemorare a digression, episode: quod ornandi causa additum est for political reasons: rei publicae causa (Sest. 47. 101) to embrace the cause of..., be a partisan of..: alicuius partes (causam) or simply aliquem sequi the aristocracy (as a party in politics): boni cives, optimi, optimates, also simply boni (opp. improbi); illi, qui optimatium causam agunt to take up the cause of the people, democratic principles: causam popularem suscipere or defendere to be a leading spirit of the popular cause: populi causam agere to hold an inquiry into a matter: aliquid, causam cognoscere without any examination: incognita causa (cf. sect. XV. 3, indicta causa) a civil case: causa privata a criminal case: causa publica (Brut. 48. 178) to conduct a person's case (said of an agent, solicitor): causam alicuius agere (apud iudicem) to address the court (of the advocate): causam dicere, orare (Brut. 12. 47) to defend oneself before the judge (of the accused): causam dicere to defend a person: causam dicere pro aliquo to conduct some one's defence in a case: causam alicuius defendere to have a good case: causam optimam habere (Lig. 4. 10) to gain a weak case by clever pleading: causam inferiorem dicendo reddere superiorem (λόγον κρείττω ποιειν) (Brut. 8. 30) counsel; advocate: patronus (causae) (De Or. 2. 69) to undertake a case: causam suscipere to undertake a case: ad causam aggredi or accedere without going to law: indicta causa (opp. cognita causa) to win a case: causam or litem obtinere to lose one's case: causam or litem amittere, perdere to decide on the conduct of the case: iudicare causam (de aliqua re)
* Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
* ↑ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “100-01”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page causa
* ↑ EM. 108

## Occitan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkawzo]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin causa.

#### Noun

causa f (plural causas)
* cause
    Synonym: encausa

##### Related terms

* causar

### Etymology 2

From Old Occitan [Term?], inherited from Latin causa (in these dialects/varieties). Cf. also encausa (“cause”).

#### Noun

causa f (plural causas)
* (Gascony, Languedoc) thing

##### Alternative forms

* chausa (Auvergne, Limousin, Provençal, Vivaro-Alpine)
* còsa (Guardiol)
* cauva (Provençal)

### Further reading

* Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 157.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈkaw.zɐ/ [ˈkaʊ̯.zɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈkaw.zɐ/ [ˈkaʊ̯.zɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈkaw.za/ [ˈkaʊ̯.za]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈkaw.zɐ/
* Rhymes: -awzɐ
* Hyphenation: cau‧sa

### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin causa. Doublet of the inherited coisa and cousa. Cognates include English and French cause, Italian and Spanish causa.

#### Noun

causa f (plural causas)
* cause, reason
* (law) suit, lawsuit
* goal, aim

##### Derived terms

* justa causa

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

causa
* inflection of causar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Related terms

* causal
* causar

### Further reading

* “causa”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “causa”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
* “causa” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “causa”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “causa”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “causa”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Sicilian
### Etymology 1

Possibly from Occitan cauça, from Vulgar Latin *calcea (through the intermadiates calza~cauza), ultimately from Latin calceus. Cognate with Italian calza (calzetta, calzone).

#### Alternative forms

* canza (nasalized from earlier calza)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkaw.sa/, [ˈkaw.sa], [ˈka.ʊ.sa], [ˈka.vʊ.sa]
* Rhymes: -ausa
* Hyphenation: càu‧sa

#### Noun

causa f (plural causi)
* (dated, clothing) Any garment worn from the feet up, possibly reaching to the waist.
    Synonym: causetta
* (pluralia tantum) causi: pants, trousers, pantaloons

##### Derived terms

* Causa
* causetta
* cuasetta

##### Related terms

* calzoni
* canzetta
* scausa
* scausu

#### See also

* camisa
* cammisa
* càmici
* magghia
* mantali
* manteḍḍa
* mutanna
* piggiama
* reggi-pettu
* robba
* savatta
* scarpa
* suttana
* sànnalu

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin causa. Doublet of the inherited cosa. Cognates include English and French cause, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish causa.

#### Alternative forms

* cosa (inherited)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈka.u.sa/, [ˈka.ʊ.sa], [ˈkaw.sa], [ˈka.vʊ.sa]
* Rhymes: -ausa
* Hyphenation: càu‧sa

#### Noun

causa f (plural causi)
* cause
* (law) lawsuit
    Synonym: sciarra

##### Derived terms

* causali
* causari
* causatu

##### Related terms

* accusari
* caciuni
* ricusari
* scaciuni
* scusa
* scusari

#### See also

* abbucatu
* custiuni
* dirittu
* jussu
* jùdici
* prucessu

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkausa/ [ˈkau̯.sa]
* Audio (Mexico):(file)
* Rhymes: -ausa
* Syllabification: cau‧sa

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin causa. Doublet of the inherited cosa. Cognates include English cause, French cause, Italian causa, Portuguese causa.

#### Noun

causa f (plural causas)
* cause
* (law) lawsuit

##### Derived terms

* a causa de
* causa criminal
* causa eficiente
* causa final
* causa primera

##### Related terms

* acusar
* causal
* causar
* cosa

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Quechua kawsay (“life”), influenced by the term above.

#### Noun

causa f (plural causas)
* a dish in Peruvian cuisine made with potatoes and layered or topped with meat or vegetables
    Synonyms: causa a la limeña, causa limeña
* (colloquial, Peru, slang) dude, mate, bro
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:tío

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

causa
* inflection of causar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “causa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* “causa”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010
* 1. DiPerú | Diccionario de peruanismos en línea
* 2. DiPerú | Diccionario de peruanismos en línea