# مشغول
## Arabic
### Etymology

Derived from the passive participle of شَغَلَ (šaḡala, “to occupy, to keep busy”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maʃ.ɣuːl/
* Rhymes: -uːl

### Adjective

مَشْغُول • (mašḡūl) (feminine مَشْغُولَة (mašḡūla), masculine plural مَشْغُولُونَ (mašḡūlūna), feminine plural مَشْغُولَات (mašḡūlāt))
* busy
* distracted
* occupied (telephone line, seat, etc.)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: məşğul
* → Bashkir: мәшғүл (məşğül)
* → Chagatai: مشغول
** Uyghur: مەشغۇل (meshghul)
** Uzbek: mashgʻul
* → Indonesian: masygul
* → Kumyk: машгъул (maşğul)
* → Kurdish: meşxul, meşxûl
* → Middle Armenian: մշղըլիլ (mšġəlil)
* → Ottoman Turkish: مشغول (meşgul)
** Turkish: meşgul
** → Armenian: մաշխուլ (mašxul)
* → Pashto: مشغول
* → Persian: مشغول (mašğul)
** → Bengali: মশগুল (mośgul)
** → Gujarati: મશગૂલ (maśgūl)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: मशग़ूल (maśġūl)
    Urdu: مَشْغُول (maśġūl)
** → Punjabi: مَشْغُول (maśġūl)
** → Sindhi:
    Arabic script: مَشْغوُل
    Devanagari script: मश्ग़ूल
* → Tatar: мәшгуль (mäşgul’)
* → Turkmen: meşgul
* → Uyghur: مەشغۇل (meshghul)
* → Uzbek: mashgʻul

## Azerbaijani
### Adjective

مشغول
* Arabic spelling of məşğul

## Egyptian Arabic
### Adjective

مشغول • (mašḡūl) (feminine مشغولة)
* busy, occupied

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَشْغُول (mašḡūl).

### Adjective

مشغول • (meşgul)
* busy; occupied; preoccupied

#### Derived terms

* ذهنی مشغول اولمق (zihni meşgul olmak)
* مشغول اتمك (meşgul etmek)
* مشغول اولمق (meşgul olmak)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: meşgul

### Further reading

* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مشغول”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1869

## Pashto
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَشْغُول (mašḡūl).

### Adjective

مشغول • (mašǧúl)
* busy

### Further reading

* Qamosona.com

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَشْغُول (mašḡūl).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [maʃ.ˈɣuːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäʃ.ɣúːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäʃ.ɣúːl]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mäʃ.ɣúːl]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mäʃ.ɣúl̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mæʃ.ɢúːl̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mäʃ.ʁúl]

### Adjective

مَشغول • (mašğul)
* busy, occupied (in doing something, etc.)
    پسر الان مشغول خواندن است. (more literary)pesar alân mašgul-e xândan ast.The boy is busy reading now.
    پسر الان مشغول خوندنه. (more colloquial)pesar alân mašgul-e xundan-e.The boy is busy reading now.
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume III, verse 1604:چون بجد مشغول باشد آدمی، او ز دید رنج خود باشد عمیčon be-jedd mašğul bâšad âdami, u ze did-e ranj-e xod bâšad 'ami.When a man is busy in earnest, he is blind to the sight of his pain.
* occupied

#### Derived terms

* مشغول کردن (mašğul kardan)
* مشغولی (mašğuli)
* مشغولیت (mašğuliyat)

#### Descendants

* → Bengali: মশগুল (mośgul)
* → Gujarati: મશગૂલ (maśgūl)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: मशग़ूल (maśġūl)
    Urdu: مَشْغُول (maśġūl)
* → Punjabi: مَشْغُول (maśġūl)
* → Sindhi:
    Arabic script: مَشْغوُل
    Devanagari script: मश्ग़ूल

## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مشغول (mašğūl), from Arabic مَشْغُول (mašḡūl).

### Adjective

مَشْغُول • (maśġūl) (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਸ਼ਗ਼ੂਲ)
* busy

### Further reading

* Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “مشغُول”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

## Sindhi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مشغول (mašğūl), from Arabic مَشْغُول (mašḡūl).

### Adjective

مَشْغوُلُ • (maśġūlu)
* busy

### Further reading

* Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “مَشْغوُلُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
* “مشغول”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic مَشْغُول (mašḡūl). Equivalent to the passive participle of شغل (šaḡal, “to occupy, keep busy”) .

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maʃ.ɣuːl/, [maʃˈɣuːl]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Adjective

مشغول • (mašḡūl) (feminine مشغولة (mašḡūle), common plural مشغولين (mašḡūlīn))
* busy, occupied
    Synonym: شغال (šaḡḡāl)
    Antonym: فاضي (fāḍi)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian مشغول (mašğul), from Arabic مَشْغُول (mašḡūl). Compare Sindhi مَشْغوُل / मश्ग़ूल, Gujarati મશગૂલ (maśgūl), Bengali মশগুল (mośgul)

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /məʃ.ɣuːl/
* Rhymes: -uːl
* Hyphenation: مَش‧غُول

### Adjective

مَشْغُول • (maśġūl) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling मशग़ूल)
* occupied, engaged, busy [with میں (mẽ) ‘in’]
    Synonym: مصروف (masrūf)

#### Related terms

* مشغولیت (maśġūliyat)

### References

* “مشغول”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “مشغول”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.