# आप
## Hindi
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (appā, nom.sg), from Sanskrit आत्मा (ātmā, “soul, spirit; self”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *HáHtmā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáHtmā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éh₁t-mō ~ *h₁h₁t-m̥nés (“breath, spirit”), from *h₁eh₁t- (“to breathe”) +‎ *-mō. Cognate with Gujarati આપું (āpũ), Nepali आंत (ānta), Marathi आपण (āpaṇ), Bengali আপনি (apni), Sinhalese අපි (api). Compare Kamkata-viri amú (“self”), Dhivehi އަހަރެން (aharen̊). Distantly cognate with Old English ǣþm, Dutch adem (“breath”), and German Atem (“breath”).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɑːp/, [äːp]

### Pronoun

आप • (āp) (Urdu spelling آپ)
* ye, you (formal, polite and grammatically plural)
    क्या आपको मेरी मदद की ज़रूरत है?kyā āpko merī madad kī zarūrat hai?Do you need my help?
    आपका दिन कैसा था पिताजी?āpkā din kaisā thā pitājī?How was your day, father?
* (in some phrases, now obsolete) self
    अपने आप ― apne āp ― oneself
    अपना ― apnā ― one's own

#### Usage notes

* आप (āp) is the most formal way of expressing "you" in Hindi and is used when addressing elders or those higher in social status. Because less formal forms could offend others, आप (āp) is the safest way to express "you" unless there is reason to be less formal.
* Because आप (āp) is grammatically plural (adjectives and verbs etc affected by it take their plural forms) even when there is only one person being referred to, the term आप लोग (āp log) (literally: you people) can be used to specify that more than one person is being referred to because of T-V distinction.

#### See also

* तुम (tum, “you”) (formal)
* तू (tū, “you”) (informal)

### See also

* तुम (tum) (mid level formality, grammatically plural)
* तू (tū) (complete lack of formality, grammatically singular)

### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “आप”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Platts, John T. (1884) “आप”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Old Marathi
### Etymology

From Sanskrit आपः (āpaḥ).

### Noun

आप (āpa) m (Modi 𑘁𑘢)
* water

### References

* Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “आप”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* āpa (Latin script)
* 𑀆𑀧 (Brahmi script)
* আপ (Bengali script)
* ආප (Sinhalese script)
* အာပ or ဢႃပ (Burmese script)
* อาป or อาปะ (Thai script)
* ᩋᩣᨷ (Tai Tham script)
* ອາປ or ອາປະ (Lao script)
* អាប (Khmer script)
* 𑄃𑄂𑄛 (Chakma script)

### Noun

आप n
* Devanagari script form of āpa (“water”)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* আপ (Assamese script)
* ᬆᬧ (Balinese script)
* আপ (Bengali script)
* 𑰁𑰢 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀆𑀧 (Brahmi script)
* အာပ (Burmese script)
* આપ (Gujarati script)
* ਆਪ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌆𑌪 (Grantha script)
* ꦄꦴꦥ (Javanese script)
* 𑂄𑂣 (Kaithi script)
* ಆಪ (Kannada script)
* អាប (Khmer script)
* ອາປ (Lao script)
* ആപ (Malayalam script)
* ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢒᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘁𑘢 (Modi script)
* ᠠᢗᢒᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦡𑧂 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐁𑐥 (Newa script)
* ଆପ (Odia script)
* ꢃꢦ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆄𑆥 (Sharada script)
* 𑖁𑖢 (Siddham script)
* ආප (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩐𑩛𑩰 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚁𑚞 (Takri script)
* ஆப (Tamil script)
* ఆప (Telugu script)
* อาป (Thai script)
* ཨཱ་པ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒂𑒣 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨀𑨊𑨞 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁e-h₁óp-e ~ *h₁e-h₁p-ḗr, from *h₁ep-.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɑ́ː.pɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɑː.pɐ/

### Verb

आप • (ā́pa) third-singular indicative (type P, perfect, root आप्)
* perfect of आप् (āp, “to reach”)

#### Conjugation
### References

* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 237