# 寫

| 寫 | U+5BEB, &#23531; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BEB |
| ← 寪 [U+5BEA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 寬 → [U+5BEC] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 写 |
| Simplified | 写 |
| Traditional | 寫 |

### Han character

寫 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 十竹難火 (JHXF), four-corner 3032$_7$, composition ⿱宀舄)

#### Derived characters

* 𭀄, 瀉, 𣞐, 𥖽, 𧓺, 𧭠, 𧸿, 䥱, 藛, 𥶘, 𧸹
* 𡃂, 𤢧 (Related)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 292, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7320
* Dae Jaweon: page 578, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 953, character 14
* Unihan data for U+5BEB

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 寫 | *sjaːʔ |
| 瀉 | *sjaːʔ, *sjaːɡs |
| 舄 | *sʰjaːɡ, *sʰaɡ, *sjaːɡ, *sjaːɡ |
| 獡 | *hjaɡ |
| 潟 | *sjaːɡ |
| 磶 | *sjaːɡ |
| 蕮 | *sjaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sjaːʔ): semantic 宀 + phonetic 舄 (OC *sʰjaːɡ, *sʰaɡ, *sjaːɡ, *sjaːɡ).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): xiě (xie$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xie$^3$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ще (xi͡ə, II)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): se$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhie$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): xia$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): siá
    (Meixian, Guangdong): xia$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): xie$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): siǎ
* Eastern Min (BUC): siā
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sia$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siá
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sia$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$shia
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sia$^3$ / sie$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiě
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siě
*** Wade–Giles: hsieh$^3$
*** Yale: syě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiee
*** Palladius: се (se)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: xie$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xie
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiɛ⁵³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ще (xi͡ə, II)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiə⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: se$^2$
*** Yale: sé
*** Cantonese Pinyin: se$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sé$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛː³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lhie$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiɛ⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: xia$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕia²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siá
*** Hakka Romanization System: xia$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xia$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /si̯a³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: xia$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /sia³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: xie$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕie⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: siǎ
*** Sinological IPA : /sia²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siā
*** Sinological IPA : /sia³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sia$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬia⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sia$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬia³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siá
*** Tâi-lô: siá
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siar
*** IPA (Singapore): /sia⁴²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sia⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /sia⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /sia⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sia$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siá
*** Sinological IPA : /sia⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$shia
*** MiniDict: shia$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$xia
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕia³⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: sia$^3$ / sie$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /si̯a̠⁴¹/, /si̯e̞⁴¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /ɕi̯a̠⁴¹/, /ɕi̯e̞⁴¹/
* sia3 - vernacular;
* sie3 - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit寫 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕiɛ²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ɕiɛ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ɕie¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ɕiə⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /siə⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /siɛ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ɕiɛ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ɕi⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ɕie⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ɕiə⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ɕiɤ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ɕie⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ɕie⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ɕie⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ɕiɛ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /sie²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ɕi²⁴/ /se²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕie⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ɕie̞⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ɕie⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɕia³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /siɑ⁵¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɕi⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /sei³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /se³⁵/ /ɕye³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /siɛ³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /sie⁴¹/ /sia⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /siɒ⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɕiɑ²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sia³¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /siɑ³¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sɛ³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /ɬɛ³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /sɛ³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /sia⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /sia³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /sia²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /sia⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /tia²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: sjaeX
Rime :
| Character | 寫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 悉姐切 |
| Baxter | sjaeX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sia$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sia$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sia$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sia$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /sia$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭa$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯a$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiě |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | se$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-qʰAʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sjaːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 寫 | 寫 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiě | xiě |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sjæ$^X$ › | ‹ sjæ$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-qʰAʔ/ | /*s-qʰAʔ/ |
| English | depict | drain off |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 寫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13430 |
| Phonetic component | 舄 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 寫 |
| Old Chinese | /*sjaːʔ/ |

#### Definitions

寫
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to place; to displace; to relocate
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to carry; to relay
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to express; to pour out (one's heart, troubles, etc.); to exhaust
* to write (with a pen, brush, etc.); to write down
    寫字／写字 ― xiězì ― to write characters
       nei$^5$ zung$^1$ ji$^3$ se$^2$ liu$^4$ cou$^2$ ding$^6$ hai$^6$ zing$^3$ gaai$^1$? [Jyutping]
       Do you like to write in cursive or print?
* to copy; to transcribe
* to follow; to describe; to depict
* to compose (a text or work); to write; to draft; to create
       Wǒ gěi māma xiě le yī fēng xìn. [Pinyin]
       I wrote a letter to my mother.
       Zhè shǒu qǔzi shì shéi xiě de? [Pinyin]
       Who composed this piece?
* to write; to fill in by writing
    寫功課／写功课 ― xiě gōngkè ― to do homework
* to draw; to sketch; to portrait
* to sign; to formalise
* to read; to say (to consist of certain text; to indicate in written form)
** 2018, 李雅言 [Louis Lee], 十八小時環遊世界, Hong Kong: The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press, →ISBN, page 51:
       Bùdǒng Déwén de nǐ, néng cāichū cānpái xiě de shì shénme ma? [Pinyin]
       For the one who doesn't understand German, can you figure out what the menu is saying?
** 2021, 默颺, 我專門幫人擺分手和頭酒, Hong Kong: 白卷出版社, →ISBN, page 139:
       zi$^2$ soeng$^6$ min$^6$ se$^2$ mun$^5$ Kelly ge$^3$ bat$^1$ gei$^3$, ji$^4$ haau$^6$ hon$^2$ jap$^6$ min$^6$ jau$^5$ ngo$^5$ dong$^1$ nin$^4$ duk$^6$ go$^2$ baan$^1$ ge$^3$ baan$^1$ soeng$^{3-2}$, jau$^5$ di$^1$ jan$^4$ tau$^4$ soeng$^6$ min$^6$ se$^2$ zyu$^6$ “wan$^2$ zo$^2$”, jau$^5$ di$^1$ zak$^1$ bin$^1$ se$^2$ zo$^2$ “au$^1$ syut$^3$ hou$^2$ pang$^4$ jau$^5$, daan$^6$ heoi$^3$ zo$^2$ ou$^3$ zau$^1$”, zung$^2$ zi$^1$ m$^4$ tung$^4$ jan$^4$ dou$^1$ jau$^5$ m$^4$ tung$^4$ ge$^3$ zyu$^3$ gaai$^2$, ji$^4$ au$^1$ syut$^3$ zoeng$^1$ soeng$^{3-2}$ gaak$^3$ lei$^4$ waak$^6$ zo$^2$ jat$^1$ go$^3$ daai$^6$ man$^6$ hou$^6$, se$^2$ zyu$^6$ “daai$^6$ bei$^3$ mat$^6$? soeng$^1$ hoi$^6$?”. [Jyutping]
       The paper was full of Kelly's notes, and in the school magazine, there was a class photo of the class I was in. On some people's heads, it read "Found"; beside some of them, it read "Au-suet's good friend, but went to Australia". Anyhow, there were different comments for different people, and beside Au-suet's photo, she drew a big question mark, and it read "Big secret? Hurt?".
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to reflect; to resemble; to echo
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to rent

#### Compounds

* 代寫 / 代写 (dàixiě)
* 傳寫 / 传写
* 兩腳寫字 / 两脚写字
* 六朝寫經 / 六朝写经
* 初寫黃庭 / 初写黄庭
* 古寫 / 古写
* 圖寫 / 图写
* 填寫 / 填写 (tiánxiě)
* 塗寫 / 涂写 (túxiě)
* 大寫 / 大写 (dàxiě)
* 大特寫 / 大特写
* 密寫 / 密写 (mìxiě)
* 寫作 / 写作 (xiězuò)
* 寫信 / 写信 (xiěxìn)
* 寫字 / 写字 (xiězì)
* 寫字兒 / 写字儿
* 寫字樓 / 写字楼 (xiězìlóu)
* 寫字檯 / 写字台 (xiězìtái)
* 寫實 / 写实 (xiěshí)
* 寫實主義 / 写实主义 (xiěshízhǔyì)
* 寫實派 / 写实派
* 寫實片 / 写实片
* 寫形 / 写形
* 寫意 / 写意
* 寫意畫 / 写意画
* 寫憂 / 写忧
* 寫手 / 写手 (xiěshǒu)
* 寫景 / 写景 (xiějǐng)
* 寫書 / 写书 (xiěshū)
* 寫本 / 写本 (xiěběn)
* 寫法 / 写法 (xiěfǎ)
* 寫照 / 写照 (xiězhào)
* 寫生 / 写生 (xiěshēng)
* 寫白 / 写白
* 寫真 / 写真 (xiězhēn)
* 寫真版 / 写真版
* 寫真集 / 写真集 (xiězhēnjí)
* 寫稿 / 写稿
* 小寫 / 小写 (xiǎoxiě)
* 影寫本 / 影写本
* 手寫繪圖 / 手写绘图
* 手寫輸入 / 手写输入
* 手寫辨似 / 手写辨似
* 手寫體 / 手写体
* 抄寫 / 抄写 (chāoxiě)
* 抒寫 / 抒写 (shūxiě)
* 拼寫 / 拼写 (pīnxiě)
* 描寫 / 描写 (miáoxiě)
* 描寫句 / 描写句
* 摹寫 / 摹写 (móxiě)
* 撰寫 (zhuànxiě)
* 改寫 / 改写 (gǎixiě)
* 書寫 / 书写 (shūxiě)
* 模寫 / 模写 (móxiě)
* 模寫論 / 模写论
* 橫寫 / 横写
* 正寫 / 正写 (zhèngxiě)
* 淘寫 / 淘写
* 特寫 / 特写 (tèxiě)
* 特寫鏡頭 / 特写镜头
* 簡寫 / 简写 (jiǎnxiě)
* 編寫 / 编写 (biānxiě)
* 縮寫 / 缩写 (suōxiě)
* 繕寫 / 缮写 (shànxiě)
* 聽寫 / 听写 (tīngxiě)
* 臨寫 / 临写
* 草寫 / 草写 (cǎoxiě)
* 蒲牒寫書 / 蒲牒写书
* 複寫 / 复写 (fùxiě)
* 複寫紙 / 复写纸 (fùxiězhǐ)
* 誤寫 / 误写
* 謄寫 / 誊写 (téngxiě)
* 謄寫鋼版 / 誊写钢版
* 譜寫 / 谱写 (pǔxiě)
* 讀寫 / 读写 (dúxiě)
* 輕描淡寫 / 轻描淡写 (qīngmiáodànxiě)
* 連寫 / 连写 (liánxiě)
* 速寫 / 速写 (sùxiě)
* 防寫口 / 防写口
* 陶寫 / 陶写
* 體物寫志 / 体物写志
* 默寫 / 默写 (mòxiě)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiè (xie$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiè
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siè
*** Wade–Giles: hsieh$^4$
*** Yale: syè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shieh
*** Palladius: се (se)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

寫
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 卸 (xiè, “to unload; to disassemble”)
* Used in 寫意／写意 (xièyì, “comfortable; easy”).
* Alternative form of 瀉 / 泻 (xiè, “to pour out; to leak”)

#### Compounds

* 寫意兒 / 写意儿
* 輸寫 / 输写

### Further reading

* “寫”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 写 |
| Kyūjitai | 寫 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 写)
* photograph, copy, replicate, reproduce, transcribe
* be photographed
* describe

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゃ (sha)
* Kan-on: しゃ (sha)
* Kun: うつす (utsusu, 寫す)

## Korean
### Hanja

寫 (eumhun 베낄 사 (bekkil sa))
* hanja form of 사 (“copy”)

#### Compounds

* 사진 (寫眞, sajin, “photograph”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

寫: Hán Nôm readings: tả, giã
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.