# 曇

| 曇 | U+66C7, &#26311; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66C7 |
| ← 曆 [U+66C6] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 曈 → [U+66C8] |

## Translingual
### Han character

曇 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 日一月戈 (AMBI), four-corner 6073$_1$, composition ⿱日雲)
* become cloudy, overcast

#### Derived characters

* 壜, 𭗮, 𪩿, 𤃅, 𪴘, 罎, 𦉡, 𲇬, 𩪺, 𪓂, 𤮦

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 500, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14172
* Dae Jaweon: page 870, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1536, character 4
* Unihan data for U+66C7

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 曇 | *duːm |
| 壜 | *duːm |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 日 + 雲, presumably “sun behind clouds”.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tán (tan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taam$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thàm
    (Hailu, HRS): tam
* Eastern Min (BUC): tàng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tang$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thâm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tam$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tán
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tán
*** Wade–Giles: tʻan$^2$
*** Yale: tán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
*** Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taam$^4$
*** Yale: tàahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːm²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thàm
*** Hakka Romanization System: tam$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰam¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: tam
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰam⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tàng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaŋ⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tang$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thâm
*** Tâi-lô: thâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: taam
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰam²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰam²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰam¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰam²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰam²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tam$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thâm
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰam⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dom
Rime :
| Character | 曇 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒含切 |
| Baxter | dom |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dʌm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dəm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɒm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dəm/ |
| Li Rong | /dᴀm/ |
| Wang Li | /dɒm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱăm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*duːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 曇 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12353 |
| Phonetic component | 曇 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 覃 |
| Old Chinese | /*duːm/ |
| Notes | 與黕同源 |

### Definitions

曇
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) cloudy; overcast
* Used in 曇花／昙花 (tánhuā, “Dutchman's pipe cactus”).

#### Compounds

* 優曇華 / 优昙华
* 悉曇 / 悉昙 (xītán)
* 曇曇 / 昙昙 (tántán)
* 曇花 / 昙花 (tánhuā)
* 曇花一現 / 昙花一现 (tánhuāyīxiàn)
* 曇鸞 / 昙鸾
* 毘曇宗 / 毗昙宗
* 阿毗曇 / 阿毗昙 (Āpítán)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* cloudy weather
* cloud up

#### Readings

* Go-on: どん (don, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: たん (tan)
* Kun: くもる (kumoru, 曇る, Jōyō)、くもり (kumori)

#### Derived terms

* 曇(くも)らす (kumorasu): to encloud; to make dim or dull
* 曇(くも)らせる (kumoraseru): to cloud; to make dim or dull;
* 曇(くも)り (kumori), 曇(くもり) (kumori): cloudiness; cloudy weather; shadow
* 曇(くも)りがち (kumorigachi): broken cloud; mainly cloudy
* 曇(くも)りガラス (kumorigarasu): frosted glass
* 曇(くも)り勝(が)ち (kumorigachi): mostly cloudy
* 曇(くも)り声(ごえ) (kumorigoe): depressed voice
* 曇(くも)り空(ぞら) (kumorizora): cloudy sky
* 曇(くも)る (kumoru): to become cloudy; to become dim
* 曇度(くもりど) (kumorido): opacity

## Korean
### Hanja

曇 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

曇: Hán Nôm readings: đàm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.