# 啤

| 啤 | U+5564, &#21860; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5564 |
| ← 啣 [U+5563] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 啥 → [U+5565] |

## Translingual
### Han character

啤 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口竹田十 (RHWJ) or 口竹竹十 (RHHJ), four-corner 6604$_0$, composition ⿰口卑)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 196, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3878
* Dae Jaweon: page 418, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 642, character 9
* Unihan data for U+5564

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声): semantic 口 (“mouth (phonetic)”) + phonetic 卑.

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English beer. First attested in 1828, in Robert Morrison's Vocabulary of the Canton Dialect.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pí (pi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): be$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): pie$^2$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): bi$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): pi$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): bì
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bi$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$bi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pí
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pí
*** Wade–Giles: pʻi$^2$
*** Yale: pí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyi
*** Palladius: пи (pi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: be$^1$
*** Yale: bē
*** Cantonese Pinyin: be$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bé$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛː⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: pie$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiɛ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: bi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pi⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: pi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰi¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bì
*** Sinological IPA : /pi⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pî
*** Tâi-lô: pî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pii
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pi²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pi²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pi¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pi²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pi²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bi$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pî
*** Sinological IPA : /pi⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$bi
*** MiniDict: bi$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$bi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bi²³/

#### Definitions

啤
* beer (Used in compounds.)
* (Hong Kong Cantonese) to drink beer
       gam$^1$ maan$^{5-1}$ heoi$^3$ bin$^1$ dou$^6$ be$^1$ jat$^1$ be$^1$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping]
       Where are we going to drink beer tonight?
       nei$^5$ sing$^1$ zik$^1$ gam$^3$ hoi$^1$ sam$^1$, dim$^2$ ho$^2$ ji$^5$ m$^4$ be$^1$ be$^1$ keoi$^5$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping]
       In this happy occasion of your promotion, how could we not drink beer?

#### Compounds

* 乾啤 / 干啤
* 啤酒 (píjiǔ)
* 扎啤 (zhāpí)
* 生啤 (shēngpí)
* 鮮啤 / 鲜啤

#### See also

* 🐮🍺 (niúbī)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English pair.
From 1950 at the earliest. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “can we improve this date?”)

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): pe$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pe$^1$
*** Yale: pē
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pe$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pé$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɛː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

啤 (Cantonese)
* pair
* Classifier for pairs of objects.
* Short for 啤牌.
** playing card (Classifier: 張／张 c; 副 c; 套 c; 疊／叠 c)
** (by extension) card game
    玩啤 [Cantonese] ― waan$^2$ pe$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to play cards

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 撲克牌, 撲克, 紙牌 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 撲克, 撲克兒, 撲克兒牌 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 撲克牌 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 撲克 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 撲克 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 撲克兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 撲克 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 撲克 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 撲克兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 撲克 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 撲克 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 撲克 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 撲克兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 撲克 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 撲克兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 撲克兒, 怕司牌 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 撲克 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 撲克兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 撲克兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 撲克 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 撲克 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 撲克牌, 撲克 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 撲克兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 撲克兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 撲克兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 撲克 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 撲克兒, 牌克兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 撲克 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 撲克兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 撲克兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 牌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 撲克 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 撲克 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 撲克兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 撲克 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 撲克 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 撲克兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 撲克, 牌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 撲克牌, 撲克 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 撲克 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 撲克 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 撲克牌, 撲克, 爬子牌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 撲克 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 撲克 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 撲克 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 撲克 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 撲克 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 撲克, 牌 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 撲克牌, 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 撲克, 牌 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 撲克, 牌 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 撲克, 牌 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 撲克, 牌 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 撲克, 煙洗啤, 啤 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 撲克 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 撲克牌 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 撲克 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 撲克牌, 撲克 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 撲克牌, 撲克 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 撲克, 牌 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 撲克 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 撲克 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 撲克 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 撲克 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 撲克, 撲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 啤牌, 啤, 撲克牌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 啤牌, 啤 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 啤牌, 博架 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 紙牌 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 紙牌, 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 紙牌 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 紙牌, 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 衣士 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 啤牌, 啤 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 紙牌 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 啤牌, 啤 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 啤牌 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 啤 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 啤 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 啤 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 啤 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 啤 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 撲克 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 撲克牌, 萬曆, 啤牌 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 紙牌 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 紙牌 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 紙牌 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 啤仔 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 紙牌 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 特濟邦 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 特濟邦 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 特濟邦 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 特濟邦 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 特濟邦 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 特濟邦 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 老開, 撲克 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 撲克 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 撲克兒, 撲克 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 撲克兒, 王八牌 |
| Jin | Datong | 撲克 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 撲克兒 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 撲克兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 撲克 |
| Jin | Linhe | 撲克兒 |
| Jin | Jining | 撲克兒 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 撲克兒 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 撲克兒 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 撲克兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 撲克牌, 撲克, 牌 |
| Jin | Handan | 撲克 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 撲克兒 |
| Jin | Suide | 撲克兒 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 撲克, 牌仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 撲克, 牌仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 撲克, 牌仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 牌 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 撲克 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 萬六, 撲克牌 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 滿九, 滿九牌, 萬六, 萬六牌, 撲克, 撲克牌 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 滿九 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 啤 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 啤 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 撲克, 啤 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 撲克牌, 牌 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 派司牌 |
| Wu | Danyang | 杜老克 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 撲克牌兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 派司牌, 撲克, 撲克牌, 杜勒克, 杜勒克牌, 老K牌 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 老凱, 撲克 |

##### Usage notes

The classifier 啤 (pe1, “pair”) is not used for objects that naturally come in pairs (e.g. eyes, shoes, socks, gloves, chopsticks, etc.), for which 對／对 (deoi3) is used instead.

#### Compounds

* 啤啤夫
* 啤牌
* 德州啤
* 話事啤 / 话事啤
* 賭啤 / 赌啤

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): be$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: be$^1$
*** Yale: bē
*** Cantonese Pinyin: be$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bé$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

啤 (Cantonese)
* to stare; to glare
    怒啤 [Cantonese] ― nou$^6$ be$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to stare someone angrily
** 1994, Hail the Judge, Stephen Chow (actor):
       ngo$^5$ daai$^6$ jan$^4$ be$^1$ nei$^5$ zin$^6$ jan$^4$ dak$^1$, nei$^5$ zin$^6$ jan$^4$ be$^1$ ngo$^5$ daai$^6$ jan$^4$ m$^4$ dak$^1$! [Jyutping]
       I can stare you bastard as a senior, but you can't stare me the senior as a bastard!

### Etymology 4

Borrowed from English press.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): be$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: be$^1$
*** Yale: bē
*** Cantonese Pinyin: be$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bé$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

啤 (Cantonese)
* to weld; to solder; to press a mould or seal an edge with a machine
* to apply pressure to cause something to flow through

#### Compounds

* 啤機 / 啤机 (píjī)
* 啤氣 / 啤气
* 啤水

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): be$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: be$^1$
*** Yale: bē
*** Cantonese Pinyin: be$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bé$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

啤
* (chiefly Cantonese) Used in transcription.

#### Compounds

* 啤令
* 啤啤熊
* 啤梨 (pílí)
* 士啤
* 士啤呔
* 士多啤梨 (shìduōpílí)
* 黑啤梨

### Etymology 6
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bēi (bei$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄟ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bei$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bēi
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bei
*** Wade–Giles: pei$^1$
*** Yale: bēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bei
*** Palladius: бэй (bɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /peɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bei$^1$
*** Yale: bēi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bei$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: béi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pei̯⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

啤
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) larynx disorder that causes one to be unable to speak loudly
* Alternative form of 諀 (bǐ)

#### Compounds

* 啤呰

### References

* “啤”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* zi.tools

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひ (hi)
* Kan-on: ひ (hi)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

啤: Hán Nôm readings: bi, bì
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation