# 匿流
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 匿 | 流 |
| とく Grade: S | りゅう Grade: 3 |
| kan'yōon | kan'on |

### Etymology

Coined by Japan’s National Police Agency around 2023 (see quotations below) from 匿名(とくめい) (tokumei, “anonymity”) + 流動(りゅうどう) (ryūdō, “fluid”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [to̞kɯ̟ɾʲɨː]

### Noun

匿(とく)流(りゅう) • (tokuryū)
* (neologism) anonymous and fluid criminal group (an otherwise unaffiliated group of criminals who work together to commit a crime and then separate)
** 2023 December 28, “Fukuoka-shi no bunkyō chiku ni gāruzu bā, sōsaku suru to ishū... hanzai shūdan no katsudō kyotenka bōshi e kenkei ga jittai chōsa [A girlie bar in a Fukuoka school district, something smells fishy during a manhunt... Prefectural police investigation aims to prevent the area from becoming a base for criminal activity]”, in Yomiuri Shimbun Online‎:
    この街(まち)が、暴力団(ぼうりょくだん)や離合集散(りごうしゅうさん)を繰(く)り返(かえ)す犯罪集団(はんざいしゅうだん)「匿名・流動型犯罪(とくめい・りゅうどうかたはんざい)グループ（匿流(トクリュウ)）」の活動拠点(かつどうきょてん)となるのを防(ふせ)ごうと、福岡県警早良署(ふくおかけんけいさわらしょ)が実態把握(じったいはあく)に乗(の)り出(だ)した。
       Kono machi ga, bōryokudan ya rigō shūsan o kurikaesu hanzai shūdan “tokumei ryūdō-kata hanzai gurūpu ( tokuryū )” no katsudō kyoten to naru no o fusegō to, Fukuoka Kenkei Sawara sho ga jittai hāku ni noridashita.
       In an attempt to prevent the neighborhood from becoming a base for criminal gangs and temporary, so-called “anonymous, fluid criminal groups (tokuryū)”, the Fukuoka Prefectural Police’s Sawara station has begun to figure out what is actually going on.
** [2024 March 29, “Keisatsuchō jūten bunya 2763-nin zōin [National Policy Agency assigns 2,763 additional personnel to high-priority areas]”, in Mainichi Shimbun, page 9:
    匿名・流動型犯罪(とくめい・りゅうどうかたはんざい)グループについて、警察庁(けいさつちょう)は「匿流(とくりゅう)（とくりゅう）」と略称(りゃくしょう)し、特殊詐欺(とくしゅさぎ)や違法(いほう)な風俗店(ふうぞくてん)の営業(えいぎょう)などで得(え)た犯罪収益(はんざいしゅうえき)を暴力団(ぼうりょくだん)に上納(じょうのう)している可能性(かのうせい)を警戒(けいかい)。
       Tokumei ryūdō-kata hanzai gurūpu ni tsuite, Keisatsuchō wa “tokuryū (tokuryū)” to ryakushō shi, tokushu sagi ya ihō na fūzokuten no eigyō nado de eta hanzai shūeki o bōryokudan ni jōnō shiteiru kanōsei o keikai.
       The National Police Agency refers to such anonymous, fluid criminal organizations with the abbreviation tokuryū, and warns that they may be paying a portion of proceeds from telephone fraud, illegal brothels, and other crimes to organized crime syndicates.]
** 2024 May 3, “Ōgaki no gōtō: jikkō yaku ga kataru naimaku [Ogaki robbery: suspect gives the inside story]”, in Chunichi Shimbun, page 29:
    大垣(おおがき)の強盗事件(ごうとうじけん)では、知(し)らない者同士(ものどうし)が交流(こうりゅう)サイト（ＳＮＳ）などでつながり、実態(じったい)を見(み)えにくくする「匿名・流動型犯罪(とくめい・りゅうどうかたはんざい)グループ（匿流(とくりゅう)（とくりゅう））」による犯行(はんこう)とみられる。
       Ōgaki no gōtō jiken de wa, shiranai mono dōshi ga kōryū saito (ＳＮＳ) nado de tsunagari, jittai o mienikuku suru “tokumei ryūdō-kata hanzai gurūpu (tokuryū (tokuryū))” ni yoru hankō to mirareru.
       The Ogaki robbery is believed to have been committed by a group of unacquainted people who met using social networking sites, a so-called “anonymous and fluid criminal group (tokuryū)”, making them difficult to trace.
** 2025 January 27, Yoshida Shinya, Sakakura Taichi, “Tokuryū taisaku ‘kikkin no kadai’, Keisatsu-chō Chōkan ni Kusunoki-shi ga shūnin kaiken [Tokuryū counter measures ‘an urgent issue’, Police Commissioner Kusunoki at inaugural press conference]”, in Asahi Shimbun online‎:
    特(とく)殊(しゅ)詐(さ)欺(ぎ)やSNS型(かた)投(とう)資(し)・ロマンス詐(さ)欺(ぎ)、クレジットカード不(ふ)正(せい)利(り)用(よう)事(じ)件(けん)などの昨(さく)年(ねん)の被(ひ)害(がい)額が合(くがごう)計(けい)で2(に)000(せん)億(おく)円(えん)を超(こ)える「極(きわ)めて憂(ゆう)慮(りょ)すべき状(じょう)況(きょう)だ」と指(し)摘(てき)し、「匿(とく)流(りゅう)による違(い)法(ほう)なビジネスモデルを早(そう)急(きゅう)に解(かい)体(たい)する必(ひつ)要(よう)がある」と述(の)べた。
       Tokushu sagi ya SNS-kata tōshi romansu sagi, kurejittokādo fusei riyō jiken nado no sakunen no higai gaku ga gōkei de nisen'oku en o koeru “kiwamete yūryo subeki jōkyō da” to shitekishi, “tokuryū ni yoru ihō na bijinesu moderu o sōkyū ni kaitai suru hitsuyō ga aru” to nobeta.
       He said it was “extremely worrying” that total damages from telephone scams, social media-based investment and romance scams, credit card fraud and the like exceeded 200 billion yen last year, and stated that “the business model of tokuryū crimes must be urgently dismantled”.

#### See also

* 暴力団(ぼうりょくだん) (bōryokudan, “organized crime gang”)
* 闇(やみ)バイト (yami baito, “illegal part-time job”)