# 欬

| 欬 | U+6B2C, &#27436; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B2C |
| ← 欫 [U+6B2B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 欭 → [U+6B2D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

欬 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜人弓人 (YONO), four-corner 0788$_2$, composition ⿰亥欠)
* (variant of 咳) to cough
* sound of laughter

#### Derived characters

* 𠺡, 𤸺

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 567, character 19
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16061
* Dae Jaweon: page 955, character 37
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2139, character 5
* Unihan data for U+6B2C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 欬 :
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 該 | *kɯː |
| 垓 | *kɯː |
| 賅 | *kɯː |
| 陔 | *kɯː |
| 豥 | *kɯː, *ɡɯː |
| 荄 | *kɯː, *krɯː |
| 郂 | *kɯː |
| 姟 | *kɯː |
| 絯 | *kɯː, *ɡrɯːʔ |
| 晐 | *kɯː |
| 峐 | *kɯː |
| 侅 | *kɯː, *kʰɯː, *ɡɯːʔ, *ɡrɯːʔ |
| 胲 | *kɯː |
| 頦 | *kɯːʔ, *ɡɯː |
| 奒 | *kʰɯː |
| 輆 | *kʰɯːʔ |
| 欬 | *kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds |
| 硋 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
| 閡 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
| 咳 | *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː |
| 孩 | *ɡɯː |
| 亥 | *ɡɯːʔ |
| 劾 | *ɡɯːɡs, *kʰrɯːɡs, *ɡɯːɡ |
| 痎 | *krɯː |
| 烗 | *kʰrɯːɡs |
| 骸 | *ɡrɯː |
| 駭 | *ɡrɯːʔ |
| 刻 | *kʰɯːɡ |
| 餩 | *qɯːɡ |
| 核 | *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds): phonetic 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) + semantic 欠.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kài, ké (kai$^4$, ke$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄞˋ, ㄎㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kat$^1$ / koi$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kài
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kài
*** Wade–Giles: kʻai$^4$
*** Yale: kài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kay
*** Palladius: кай (kaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ké
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ké
*** Wade–Giles: kʻo$^2$
*** Yale: ké
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ker
*** Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kat$^1$ / koi$^3$
*** Yale: kāt / koi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kat$^7$ / koi$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ked$^1$ / koi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐt̚⁵/, /kʰɔːi̯³³/
* Middle Chinese: khojH
Rime :
| Character | 欬 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 苦蓋切 |
| Baxter | khojH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰʌi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰəi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɒi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰəj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰᴀi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰɒi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰɑ̆i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hoi$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰˤək-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯːɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 欬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khoj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰˁək-s/ |
| English | cough |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 欬 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 4820 |
| Phonetic component | 亥 |
| Rime group | 志 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 磕 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰɯːɡs/ |

#### Definitions

欬
* Alternative form of 咳 (“to cough”)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ài (ai$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄞˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ài
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ài
*** Wade–Giles: ai$^4$
*** Yale: ài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ay
*** Palladius: ай (aj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: 'aejH
Rime :
| Character | 欬 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 夬 (29) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 於犗切 |
| Baxter | 'aejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔˠai$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔᵚai$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔai$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔaɨjs$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔai$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /æi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔai$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | aai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qraːds/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 欬 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 4839 |
| Phonetic component | 亥 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 喝 |
| Old Chinese | /*qraːds/ |

#### Definitions

欬
* (historical dictionaries only) belching

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* cough
* sound of laughter

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かい (kai)、き (ki)、がい (gai)
* Kun: せき (seki)

## Korean
### Hanja

欬 (eum 해 (hae))
* to cough

## Vietnamese
### Han character

欬: Hán Nôm readings: khái
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation