# 癆

| 癆 | U+7646, &#30278; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7646 |
| ← 癅 [U+7645] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 癇 → [U+7647] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 癆 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𭼎 |
| Simplified | 痨 |

### Han character

癆 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+12, 17 strokes, cangjie input 大火火尸 (KFFS), four-corner 0012$_7$, composition ⿸疒勞)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 780, character 32
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22512
* Dae Jaweon: page 1190, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2698, character 10
* Unihan data for U+7646

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 勞 | *raːw, *raːws |
| 撈 | *raːw, *reːw |
| 嘮 | *ruːw, *hr'aːw |
| 癆 | *raːw, *raːw, *raːws |
| 簩 | *raːw |
| 蟧 | *raːw, *reːw |
| 憥 | *raːw |
| 澇 | *raːwʔ, *raːws |
| 僗 | *raːws |
| 髝 | *raːws |
| 膋 | *reːw |
| 犖 | *rraːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *raːw, *raːw, *raːws): semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + phonetic 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws).

### Etymology 1

From 勞 (OC *raːw, *raːws, “to toil”) (Wang, 1982).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): láo (lao$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nao$^2$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lou$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lau$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lô
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$lau
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lau$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: láo
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: láo
*** Wade–Giles: lao$^2$
*** Yale: láu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lau
*** Palladius: лао (lao)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɑʊ̯³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nao$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lao
*** Sinological IPA : /nau²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lou$^4$
*** Yale: lòuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lou$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lou̯²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: lau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lau³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô
*** Tâi-lô: lô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: looi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lo²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lo²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$lau
*** MiniDict: lau$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$lau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lɔ²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: lau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɒu̯¹³/
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*raːw/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 癆 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 7651 |
| Phonetic component | 勞 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 勞 |
| Old Chinese | /*raːw/ |
| Notes | 勞後起分化字 |

#### Definitions

癆
* (traditional Chinese medicine) internal injury caused by overstraining
* tuberculosis; pulmonary tuberculosis
* (Southwestern Mandarin, dialectal Gan) to have an upset stomach because of the lack of fats in one's diet; to crave meat
* (Xiang, of plants) to wither (in the sun)
* (Xiang, of a person) to be dispirited; depressed

#### Compounds

* 瘡癆 / 疮痨
* 癆傷 / 痨伤
* 癆氣 / 痨气
* 癆症 / 痨症
* 癆病 / 痨病 (láobìng)
* 癆病半切 / 痨病半切
* 癆病殼子 / 痨病壳子
* 癆病腔子 / 痨病腔子
* 癆病鬼 / 痨病鬼
* 癆瘵 / 痨瘵
* 癆腸刮肚 / 痨肠刮肚
* 癆蟲 / 痨虫
* 癩𰣻爛癆 / 癞𰣻烂痨
* 童子癆 / 童子痨 (tóngzǐláo)
* 美人癆 / 美人痨 (měirénláo)
* 肺癆 / 肺痨 (fèiláo)
* 話癆 / 话痨 (huàláo)
* 防癆 / 防痨
* 饞癆 / 馋痨
* 骨蒸癆 / 骨蒸痨
* 骨癆 / 骨痨

### Etymology 2

Possibly related to 療 (OC *rews, “to cure”) (Schuessler, 2007). Compare ancient Chu dialect 瘌 (OC *raːd, “to be poisoned by medication”). Cognate to Mizo ru (“bark, roots, leaves or fruit which can be used to poison fish”), Jingpho mə-rau (“fishing by stupefying fish by poisonous vines”), Burmese ရိုး (rui:, “fish poison”) (Starostin).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lào (lao$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nao$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): lau$^5$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lau$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lào
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lào
*** Wade–Giles: lao$^4$
*** Yale: làu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: law
*** Palladius: лао (lao)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɑʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nao$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lao
*** Sinological IPA : /nau²¹³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: lau$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lau¹¹/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: lau$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɒu̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: lawH
Rime :
| Character | 癆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 郎到切 |
| Baxter | lawH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɑu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɑu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɑu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /law$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /lɑu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /lɑu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lɑu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lou$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*raːw/, /*raːws/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 癆 | 癆 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 7650 | 7659 |
| Phonetic component | 勞 | 勞 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | 嫪 |
| Old Chinese | /*raːw/ | /*raːws/ |
| Notes | 中毒 | |

#### Definitions

癆
* (ancient Northern Yan and Joseon region) to be poisoned (by medication)
* (Jianghuai and Southwestern Mandarin, Gan, Xiang, transitive) to poison
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) painful

#### Compounds

* 癆人 / 痨人
* 癆人的藥不在多 / 痨人的药不在多
* 癆藥 / 痨药

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 𭼎 |
| Kyūjitai | 癆 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ろう (rō)
* Kan-on: ろう (rō)
* Kun: いたむ (itamu, 癆む)

## Korean
### Hanja

癆 • (ro>no) (hangeul 로>노, revised ro>no, McCune–Reischauer ro>no, Yale lo>no)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

癆: Hán Nôm readings: lao
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.