# 鈙

| 鈙 | U+9219, &#37401; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9219 |
| ← 鈘 [U+9218] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鈚 → [U+921A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鈙 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 金卜水 (CYE), four-corner 8114$_7$, composition ⿰釒攴)

#### Derived characters

* 𡪵, 𥂲

#### Related characters

* 鈘 (Variant form)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1299, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40233
* Dae Jaweon: page 1801, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4176, character 2
* Unihan data for U+9219

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 淦 | *kɯːm, *kɯːms |
| 顉 | *ŋɯːmʔ, *ŋ̊ʰrɯm, *ŋ̊ʰɯmʔ |
| 金 | *krɯm |
| 錦 | *krɯmʔ |
| 欽 | *kʰrɯm |
| 菳 | *kʰrɯm |
| 嶔 | *kʰrɯm |
| 撳 | *kʰrɯms |
| 捦 | *ɡrɯm |
| 鵭 | *ɡrɯm |
| 唫 | *ɡrɯmʔ, *ŋɡrɯm |
| 鈙 | *ɡrɯms |
| 崟 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 趛 | *ŋɡrɯmʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrɯms): phonetic 金 (OC *krɯm) + semantic 攴 (“to hit lightly”).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qín (qin$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kam$^4$ / gam$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qín
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cín
*** Wade–Giles: chʻin$^2$
*** Yale: chín
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyn
*** Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kam$^4$ / gam$^6$
*** Yale: kàhm / gahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kam$^4$ / gam$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kem$^4$ / gem$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐm²¹/, /kɐm²²/
* Middle Chinese: gimH
Rime :
| Character | 鈙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 巨禁切 |
| Baxter | gimH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiɪm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚim$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiem$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gjim$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjəm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭĕm$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯əm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jìn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gam$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯms/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鈙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6690 |
| Phonetic component | 金 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𦧈 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡrɯms/ |

#### Definitions

鈙
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to hold; to grasp

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鈙 – see 㪁. (This character is a variant form of 㪁).

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鈙 – see 錡 (“A kind of war axe with three blades or teeth; A kind of chisel”). (This character is a variant form of 錡).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C14865
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C04564-002#26
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B05373-002#62
* “鈙”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鈙: Hán Việt readings: cầm (巨(cự)禁(cấm)切(thiết))
鈙: Nôm readings: chìa

#### Compounds

* 鈙銙 (chìa khóa/chìa khoá)
* 鈙𥔦 (chìa vôi)

### Noun

鈙 • (chìa)
* chữ Nôm form of chìa (“key”).

#### Synonyms

* 鈙銙 (chìa khóa/chìa khoá)

### Verb

鈙 • (chìa)
* chữ Nôm form of chìa (“to stretch”).
** 鈙(chìa)囉(ra)to stretch out

### References

* Nôm Lookup Tool, Vietnamese Nom Preservation Foundation
* Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)
* Trần Văn Chánh (1999), Từ Điển Hán Việt, Ho Chi Minh City: Youth Publishing House (Hán Việt fanqie)