# 委

| 委 | U+59D4, &#22996; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59D4 |
| ← 姓 [U+59D3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 姕 → [U+59D5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

委 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹木女 (HDV), four-corner 2040$_4$, composition ⿱禾女)

#### Derived characters

* 倭, 唩, 婑, 㢻, 㣦, 捼, 涹, 㹻, 㮃, 腇, 矮, 䅗, 緌, 𮉫, 䍴, 蜲, 諉, 诿, 踒, 躷, 錗, 𬭗, 餧, 𫗪, 鯘, 䴧
* 逶, 䬐, 𱃜, 瓾, 覣, 䫋, 魏, 崣, 萎, 䆧, 䰀, 痿, 巍

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 259, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6181
* Dae Jaweon: page 524, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1038, character 4
* Unihan data for U+59D4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 委 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 矮 | *qraːlʔ |
| 躷 | *qraːlʔ |
| 捼 | *noːl, *nuːl, *njul |
| 倭 | *qoːl, *qoːlʔ, *qrol |
| 涹 | *qoːl |
| 踒 | *qoːl |
| 餧 | *nuːlʔ, *qrols |
| 諉 | *nols, *qrolʔ |
| 痿 | *njol, *qrol |
| 萎 | *qrol, *qrols |
| 逶 | *qrol |
| 覣 | *qrol |
| 蜲 | *qrol, *qrolʔ |
| 委 | *qrol, *qrolʔ |
| 緌 | *njul |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qrol, *qrolʔ): phonetic 禾 (OC *ɡoːl) + semantic 女 (in the oracle bones inscriptions, there was 𠃊 instead of a woman kneeling).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): wěi (wei$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wei$^3$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): wèi
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): wěi
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wai$^2$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): woi$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): vei$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ui$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): vî
    (Hailu, HRS): vui$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): vi$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): vei$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̌
* Eastern Min (BUC): ūi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ui$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): úi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ui$^2$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ui$^2$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): wai$^2$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^5$ue / $^3$ue / $^3$uai / $^3$uei
** (Jinhua): $^3$ui
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): uei$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wěi
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wěi
*** Wade–Giles: wei$^3$
*** Yale: wěi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woei
*** Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /weɪ̯²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: wei$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ui
*** Sinological IPA : /uei⁵³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: wèi
*** Sinological IPA : /uei⁵³/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: wěi
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): wei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /uəi¹¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wai$^2$
*** Yale: wái
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wai$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wei$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐi̯³⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: woi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /vɔi³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: vei$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /vei⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ui²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vî
*** Hakka Romanization System: vi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: vi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /vi²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: vui$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /vui⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: vi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʋi⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: vei$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /vei⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̌
*** Sinological IPA : /y²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ūi
*** Sinological IPA : /ui³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ui⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ui³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: úi
*** Tâi-lô: uí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: uie
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ui⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ui⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ui$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: úi
*** Sinological IPA : /ui⁵²/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: ui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ui³¹/
* Southern Pinghua
** (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
*** Jyutping++: wai$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /βəi³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$ue
*** MiniDict: ue$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$ue
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ue³⁴/
** (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Suzhou, Kunshan, Jiaxing, Shaoxing)
*** Wugniu: $^3$ue
*** MiniDict: uie$^上$
*** MiniDict: ue$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Jiading): /uɪ³⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ue⁴⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ue⁵¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /uei⁵²/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /ue⁴³³/
*** Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /ue³³⁵/
** (Northern: Changzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^3$uai
*** MiniDict: uai$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /uai⁴⁵/
** (Northern: Chongming, Hangzhou, Ningbo)
*** Wugniu: $^3$uei
*** MiniDict: uei$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ʔuei⁴²⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /ui⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /uɐɪ³²⁵/
** (Jinhua)
*** Wugniu: $^3$ui
*** Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /ui⁵³⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: uei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /u̯e̞i̯⁴¹/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit委 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /uei²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /uei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /vei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /vei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /vəʔ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /uei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /uei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /uɨ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /vei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /vei⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /vei⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /uei⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /uei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /uei⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /uei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /uəi²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ue²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /vei⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /uei⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /vei⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ue³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ue̞⁵¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ʔui⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /v̠u³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ue³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ue²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /uei⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /uəi⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ui²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /vi⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /vui²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wai³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /wɐi³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /wai³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ui⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /uoi³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /y²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ui⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ui²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: 'jweX
Rime :
| Character | 委 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (14) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於詭切 |
| Baxter | 'jweX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔˠiuᴇ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔʷᵚiɛ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔiuɛ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔjwiə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔjue$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ǐwe$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔwie̯$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wěi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wai$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*q(r)ojʔ/, /*q(r)orʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qrolʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 委 | 委 | 委 |
| Reading # | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wěi | wěi | wěi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjwe$^X$ › | ‹ ʔjwe$^X$ › | ‹ ʔjwe$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*q(r)ojʔ/ | /*q(r)ojʔ/ | /*q(r)orʔ/ |
| English | entrust to | collect; store | bend; hang down |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 委 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 12903 |
| Phonetic component | 委 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 委 |
| Old Chinese | /*qrolʔ/ |

##### Definitions

委
* to entrust; to appoint; to send; to commission
* to cast aside
* to gather; to pile up
* indirect
* lower reaches of a river
* dejected
* indeed
* Short for 委員／委员 (wěiyuán, “committee member”).
* Short for 委員會／委员会 (wěiyuánhuì, “committee”).
* a surname

##### Compounds

* 中常委
* 主任委員 / 主任委员
* 主委 (zhǔwěi)
* 僑委會 / 侨委会
* 勞委會 / 劳委会 (láowěihuì)
* 原委 (yuánwěi)
* 受委屈
* 奉委
* 委付
* 委任 (wěirèn)
* 委任狀 / 委任状
* 委任直選 / 委任直选
* 委任立法
* 委任統治 / 委任统治
* 委內瑞拉 / 委内瑞拉 (Wěinèiruìlā)
* 委吏
* 委命
* 委咎
* 委員 / 委员 (wěiyuán)
* 委員制 / 委员制
* 委員會 / 委员会 (wěiyuánhuì)
* 委國 / 委国 (wěiguó)
* 委婉 (wěiwǎn)
* 委宛 (wěiwǎn)
* 委實 / 委实 (wěishí)
* 委屈
* 委巷
* 委曲 (wěiqū)
* 委曲成全
* 委曲求全 (wěiqūqiúquán)
* 委果
* 委棄 / 委弃
* 委決不下 / 委决不下
* 委派 (wěipài)
* 委瑣 / 委琐
* 委用 (wěiyòng)
* 委的 (wěide)
* 委禽
* 委積 / 委积
* 委結 / 委结
* 委罪
* 委託 / 委托 (wěituō)
* 委託書 / 委托书 (wěituōshū)
* 委託行 / 委托行
* 委質 / 委质 (wěizhì)
* 委身 (wěishēn)
* 委身玉盤 / 委身玉盘
* 委辦 / 委办
* 委過 / 委过 (wěiguò)
* 委重投艱 / 委重投艰
* 委靡
* 委靡不振
* 委頓 / 委顿
* 差委
* 常務委員 / 常务委员 (chángwù wěiyuán)
* 推委 (tuīwěi)
* 政務委員 / 政务委员
* 政委 (zhèngwěi)
* 斯文委地
* 櫃檯委託 / 柜台委托
* 深知原委
* 源委 (yuánwěi)
* 監察委員 / 监察委员
* 窮源竟委 / 穷源竟委
* 立委 (lìwěi)
* 立法委員 / 立法委员 (lìfǎ wěiyuán)
* 考試委員 / 考试委员
* 臺委 / 台委
* 黨委 / 党委 (dǎngwěi)

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wēi (wei$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wai$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wēi
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wei
*** Wade–Giles: wei$^1$
*** Yale: wēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uei
*** Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /weɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wai$^1$
*** Yale: wāi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wai$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wei$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐi̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'jwe
Rime :
| Character | 委 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (14) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於爲切 |
| Baxter | 'jwe |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔˠiuᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔʷᵚiɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔiuɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔjwiə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔjue/ |
| Wang Li | /ǐwe/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔwie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wēi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wai$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*q(r)oj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qrol/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 委 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wēi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjwe › |
| Old Chinese | /*q(r)oj/ |
| English | 委蛇 compliant, complaisant |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 委 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 12901 |
| Phonetic component | 委 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 逶 |
| Old Chinese | /*qrol/ |
| Notes | 小徐禾聲 |

##### Definitions

委
* Only used in 委蛇 (wēiyí, “winding; curved”).

##### Compounds

* 委蛇 (wēiyí)
* 虛與委蛇 / 虚与委蛇 (xūyǔwēiyí)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 委 – see 諉 (“to shirk; to give excuses”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 諉).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 委 – see 萎 (“to wither; to wilt; to decline; to weaken; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 萎).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 委 – see 痿 (“to be lacking in sexual energies”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 痿).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)
* committee

#### Readings

* Go-on: い (i, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō)
* Kun: ゆだねる (yudaneru, 委ねる, Jōyō)、すえ (sue)、くわしい (kuwashii, 委しい)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 委
* い Grade: 3
* on'yomi
/wi/ → /i/
From Middle Chinese 委 (MC 'jwe|'jweX).

### Affix

委(い) • (i)
* entrust; leave to
* cast aside; abandon
* detailed
* Short for 委員会 (iinkai, “committee”).

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 委 (MC 'jweX).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅙᅱᆼ〯 (Yale: qwǔy) | ᅙᅱᆼ〯 (Yale: qwǔy) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575 | ᄇᆞ릴 (Yale: polil) | 위 (Yale: wuy) |
| Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 | 맛딜 (Yale: mastil) 더뎌둘 (Yale: tetye-twul) | 위 (Yale: wuy) |
| Seokbong Cheonjamun, 1583 | ᄇᆞ릴 (Yale: polil) | 위 (Yale: wuy) |

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɥi] ~ [y]
* Phonetic hangul: [위]

### Hanja

Wikisource 委 (eumhun 맡길 위 (matgil wi))
* hanja form of 위 (“to entrust; to commission”) [verbal root; affix]
* hanja form of 위 (“short for 위원회(委員會) (wiwonhoe, “committee”)”) [noun]

#### Usage notes

* (committee): A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any hanja.

### Compounds

* 공위(共委) (gong'wi)
* 공정위(公正委) (gongjeong'wi)
* 대책위(對策委) (daechaegwi)
* 반민특위(反民特委) (banminteugwi)
* 방송위(放送委) (bangsong'wi)
* 부방위(腐防委) (bubang'wi)
* 상위(常委) (sang'wi)
* 선관위(選管委) (seon'gwanwi)
* 신위(信委) (sinwi)
* 위관(委官) (wigwan)
* 위신(委身) (wisin)
* 위양(委讓) (wiyang)
* 위원(委員) (wiwon)
* 위원장(委員長) (wiwonjang)
* 위원회(委員會) (wiwonhoe)
* 위위(委委) (wiwi)
* 위임(委任) (wiim)
* 위임인(委任人) (wiimin)
* 위임자(委任者) (wiimja)
* 위임장(委任狀) (wiimjang)
* 위임통치(委任統治) (wiimtongchi)
* 위정(委政) (wijeong)
* 위촉(委囑) (wichok)
* 위탁(委託) (witak)
* 전위(全委) (jeonwi)
* 지위(知委) (jiwi)
* 특위(特委) (teugwi)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

委: Hán Nôm readings: ủy/uỷ, uế
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.