# 熏

| 熏 | U+718F, &#29071; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-718F |
| ← 熎 [U+718E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 熐 → [U+7190] |

## Translingual
### Han character

熏 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹土火 (HGF), four-corner 2033$_1$)

#### Derived characters

* 嚑 壎 獯 曛 櫄 燻 臐 矄 䙧 纁(𫄸) 䗼 醺 鑂 勳 薰

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 679, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19300
* Dae Jaweon: page 1091, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2226, character 10
* Unihan data for U+718F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 熏 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 櫄 | *tqʰun |
| 薰 | *qʰun, *qʰuns |
| 曛 | *qʰun |
| 勲 | *qʰun |
| 熏 | *qʰun |
| 燻 | *qʰun |
| 獯 | *qʰun |
| 纁 | *qʰun |
| 醺 | *qʰun |
| 臐 | *qʰun, *qʰuns |
| 爋 | *qʰuns |
In the original version, it is 東 with four dots inside perhaps to indicate grass and herbs inside the tied bag. Later, fire 火 (or 炎) at the bottom was added. The original meaning is "smoked herbs". Two semi-conservative versions are 𡴦 and 𡽽. Today, the original meaning is preserved in 薰. Unrelated to 黑.

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kəw-n/t (“smoke”). Compare also 葷 (OC *qʰun, “smelling vegetables”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xūn (xun$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fan$^1$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): hiun$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hŏng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hong$^1$ / huong$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hun
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hung$^1$ / hang$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syun
*** Wade–Giles: hsün$^1$
*** Yale: syūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiun
*** Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕyn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fan$^1$
*** Yale: fān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hiun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /hiun⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hŏng
*** Sinological IPA : /houŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔŋ⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun
*** Tâi-lô: hun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hwn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hung$^1$ / hang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hung / hang
*** Sinological IPA : /huŋ³³/, /haŋ³³/
* hung1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
* hang1 - Jieyang, Pontianak.
* Middle Chinese: xjun
Rime :
| Character | 熏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 許云切 |
| Baxter | xjun |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hɨun/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hiun/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiuən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hun/ |
| Li Rong | /xiuən/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭuən/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xi̯uən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xūn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fan$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰu[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰun/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 熏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xūn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xjun › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰu[n]/ |
| English | smoke (v.); vapor, odor |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 熏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14110 |
| Phonetic component | 熏 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 薰 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰun/ |
| Notes | 金文象香囊，或加火表薰香 |

#### Definitions

熏
* smoke; fog
* warm (used in 熏風)
* to smoke (same as 薰); to cure meat (same as 燻)
* to infuse tea with scented flowers (same as 窨)
* a surname, Xun

#### Compounds

* 三浴三熏
* 三熏三沐 (sānxūnsānmù)
* 氣勢熏灼 / 气势熏灼
* 氣焰熏天
* 煙熏火燎
* 熏人
* 熏制
* 熏天
* 熏染 (xūnrǎn)
* 熏沐
* 熏烤
* 熏烝
* 熏蒸
* 熏熏
* 熏籠
* 熏習
* 熏肉 (xūnròu)
* 熏腐
* 熏草紙
* 熏製
* 熏鑪
* 熏陶 (xūntáo)
* 熏風 (xūnfēng)
* 熏香
* 眾口熏天
* 錦熏籠 / 锦熏笼

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xùn (xun$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fan$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xùn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syùn
*** Wade–Giles: hsün$^4$
*** Yale: syùn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiunn
*** Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕyn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fan$^3$
*** Yale: fan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fan$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fen$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐn³³/

#### Definitions

熏
* suffocation due to coal gas

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “熏”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 271.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* smoke
* darken

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): くん (kun)
* Kun: ふすべる (fusuberu)、くすべる (kusuberu)

## Korean
### Hanja

熏 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, revised hun, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

熏: Hán Nôm readings: hun, huân
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.