# 掫

| 掫 | U+63AB, &#25515; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63AB |
| ← 措 [U+63AA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 掬 → [U+63AC] |

## Translingual
### Han character

掫 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手尸十水 (QSJE), four-corner 5104$_7$, composition ⿰扌取)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 439, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12287
* Dae Jaweon: page 791, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1891, character 5
* Unihan data for U+63AB

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 掫
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 陬 | *ʔsloː, *ʔsru, *ʔslo |
| 棷 | *ʔsloː, *sʰloːʔ, *sloːʔ, *ʔsru |
| 掫 | *ʔsloː, *ʔsruʔ, *ʔslo |
| 緅 | *ʔsloː, *ʔsru, *slos |
| 趣 | *sʰloːʔ, *sʰlos |
| 取 | *sʰloːʔ, *sʰloʔ |
| 鯫 | *zloː, *zloːʔ, *sʰlo |
| 棸 | *rlu, *rluʔ, *ʔsru |
| 鄹 | *ʔsru, *zloʔ, *ljoːnʔ |
| 郰 | *ʔsru |
| 齱 | *ʔsru, *sʰroːɡ |
| 菆 | *ʔsru, *sʰros, *zloːn |
| 箃 | *ʔsru |
| 黀 | *ʔsru |
| 驟 | *zrus |
| 最 | *zloːds |
| 襊 | *sʰoːds, *sʰoːd |
| 蕞 | *zoːds |
| 嘬 | *sʰroːds |
| 諏 | *ʔslo |
| 娵 | *ʔslo |
| 娶 | *sʰloʔ, *sʰlos, *slo |
| 聚 | *zloʔ, *zlos |
| 埾 | *zlos |
| 藂 | *zloːŋ |
| 叢 | *zloːŋ |
| 繓 | *ʔsoːd |
| 撮 | *ʔsoːd, *sʰoːd |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zōu (zou$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄡ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zau$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zou
*** Wade–Giles: tsou$^1$
*** Yale: dzōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzou
*** Palladius: цзоу (czou)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡soʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zau$^1$
*** Yale: jāu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsju, tsuw, tsrjuwX
Rime :
| Character | 掫 | 掫 | 掫 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) | 莊 (18) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 侯 (137) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I | III |
| Fanqie | 子于切 | 子侯切 | 側九切 |
| Baxter | tsju | tsuw | tsrjuwX |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sɨo/ | /t͡səu/ | /t͡ʃɨu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sio/ | /t͡səu/ | /ʈ͡ʂiu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sio/ | /t͡səu/ | /t͡ʃiəu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡suə̆/ | /t͡səw/ | /ʈ͡ʂuw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sio/ | /t͡su/ | /t͡ʃiu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭu/ | /t͡səu/ | /t͡ʃĭəu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡si̯u/ | /t͡sə̯u/ | /ʈ͡ʂi̯ə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jū | zōu | zhǒu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zeoi$^1$ | zau$^1$ | zau$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tso/, /*tsˤro/, /*tsˤroʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsloː/, /*ʔsruʔ/, /*ʔslo/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 掫 | 掫 | 掫 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zōu | zōu | zōu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsju › | ‹ tsrjuw › | ‹ tsrjuw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tso/ | /*tsˁro/ | /*tsˁroʔ/ |
| English | beat night watches | beat night watches | beat night watches |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 掫 | 掫 | 掫 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 10623 | 10643 | 10652 |
| Phonetic component | 取 | 取 | 取 |
| Rime group | 侯 | 幽 | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𣠏 | 掫 | 諏 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsloː/ | /*ʔsruʔ/ | /*ʔslo/ |

#### Definitions

掫
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to be on night watch; to beat night watches
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to gather
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) hemp reed; hemp stalk
* (historical) A place in present-day Lintong District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chōu (chou$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄡ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chou
*** Wade–Giles: chʻou$^1$
*** Yale: chōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chou
*** Palladius: чоу (čou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

掫
* (historical dictionaries only) to take things by hand; to fetch

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 掫 – see 㨄 (“(dialectal) to lift something heavy on one side”). (This character is a variant form of 㨄).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* night watch
* rake

#### Readings

(Can we verify this pronunciation?)
* Go-on: しゅ (shu)、す (su)
* Kan-on: しゅ (shu)、しゅう (shū)、そう (sō)
* Kun: うつ (utsu, 掫つ)、たきぎ (takigi, 掫)、まもる (mamoru, 掫る)