# 極

| 極 | U+6975, &#26997; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6975 |
| ← 楴 [U+6974] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 楶 → [U+6976] |

## Translingual
### Han character

極 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木一水一 (DMEM) or 木弓水一 (DNEM), four-corner 4191$_4$, composition ⿰木亟)

#### Derived characters

* 𱔶, 𨅰, 𦽯, 𤺷, 𮔼

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 542, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15181
* Dae Jaweon: page 929, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1240, character 10
* Unihan data for U+6975

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 極 :
| Spring and Autumn | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 亟 | *kʰɯɡs, *kɯɡ |
| 茍 | *kɯɡ |
| 殛 | *kɯɡ |
| 極 | *ɡɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡɯɡ): semantic 木 (“tree, wood”) + phonetic 亟 (OC *kʰɯɡs, *kɯɡ) – originally meaning a crossbeam rafter.

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kak (“expensive; at its peak”) (STEDT). Cognate with 亟 (OC *kɯɡ, “urgent”), 殛 (OC *kɯɡ, “to kill”) (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): jí (ji$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ji$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gik$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): get$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): qit$^7$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khi̍t
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kid$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): jieh$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): gĭ
* Eastern Min (BUC): gĭk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kia̍k / ke̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gêg$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$jiq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ji$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jí
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jí
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$
*** Yale: jí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ji$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gi
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gik$^6$
*** Yale: gihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɪk̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: get$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ket̚³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: qit$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰit̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: kid
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰit̚⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰit̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: jieh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /ki²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gĭk
*** Sinological IPA : /kiʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: kia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiak
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kiak̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke̍k
*** Tâi-lô: ki̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kek
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /kiɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪk̚¹²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gêg$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ke̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /kek̚⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$jiq
*** MiniDict: jih$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$jjiq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹²/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ji$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi²⁴/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit極 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕi³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕi⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕi⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕji²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕi¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕi⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕi⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕi³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕi²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕi³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡ʑiəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /d͡ʑai²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰi²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiʔ²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰit̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kʰit̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kek̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kek̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kik̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kik̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kiʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ki²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kek̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kek̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: gik
Rime :
| Character | 極 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠力切 |
| Baxter | gik |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ](r)ək/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 極 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gik › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ](r)ək/ |
| English | extreme |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 極 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5738 |
| Phonetic component | 茍 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 極 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡɯɡ/ |

#### Definitions

極
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) ridgepole; ridgepiece
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) highest position; top rank
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) throne; seat of state
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) highest point; top; peak
    登峰造極／登峰造极 ― dēngfēngzàojí ― to reach great heights
* extremity; limit; end; utmost point
* extreme; of the highest degree; utmost; furthest; final
    極品／极品 ― jípǐn ― item of the highest quality
    極限／极限 ― jíxiàn ― limit, the utmost limits
* extremely; exceedingly; very
    痛苦極了／痛苦极了 ― tòngkǔ jíle ― extremely painful
    極不滿意／极不满意 ― jí bù mǎnyì ― extremely dissatisfied
       Féiniú qiē de jí báo. [Pinyin]
       The beef was sliced extremely thin.
* (Cantonese) at great length; exceedingly
    講極都唔明／讲极都唔明 [Cantonese] ― gong$^2$ gik$^6$ dou$^1$ m$^4$ ming$^4$ [Jyutping] ― not understand despite lengthy explanation
       wan$^2$ gik$^6$ dou$^1$ wan$^2$ m$^4$ dou$^3$ ge$^2$? [Jyutping]
       Why do I still not find it
    睇極／睇极 [Cantonese] ― tai$^2$ gik$^6$ [Jyutping] ― to watch closely or in great amounts
* (Cantonese) at most
       gwai$^3$ gik$^6$ mai$^6$ dou$^1$ hai$^6$ jaa$^6$ man$^1$ [Jyutping]
       Its price is at most $20.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) highest norm; highest standard
* (Wu) to be anxious; to worry; to disturb oneself
* (Wu) to fear
* (Wu) to deny a wrongdoing; to cheat
    賴極皮／赖极皮 [Shanghainese] ― $^6$la-jiq-bi [Wugniu] ― cheater in games (who e.g. objects to losing, being thrown out of the game, or who denies having cheated)
* (geography, physics) pole
    北極／北极 ― běijí ― north pole
    陰極／阴极 ― yīnjí ― negative pole, cathode
* (astronomy) Polaris
* quindecillion (10$^{48}$)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to reach (the limit or standard)
    物極必反／物极必反 ― wùjíbìfǎn ― a thing turns into its opposite if pushed too far
    位極人臣／位极人臣 ― wèijírénchén ― to have reached the highest official positions
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to exhaust; to do one's utmost
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to study deeply; to examine deeply
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 殛 (jí, “to punish”)

#### Compounds

* 三極 / 三极
* 不極 / 不极
* 不極不反 / 不极不反
* 亂極則平 / 乱极则平
* 二極管 / 二极管 (èrjíguǎn)
* 二極體 / 二极体 (èrjítǐ)
* 何極 / 何极
* 位極人臣 / 位极人臣 (wèijírénchén)
* 偏極光 / 偏极光
* 偏極光鏡 / 偏极光镜
* 兩極 / 两极 (liǎngjí)
* 兩極化 / 两极化
* 兩極觀點 / 两极观点
* 八極 / 八极 (bājí)
* 八極拳 / 八极拳 (bājíquán)
* 六極 / 六极
* 剝極必復 / 剥极必复
* 勃極烈 / 勃极烈
* 勢窮力極 / 势穷力极
* 北極 / 北极 (Běijí)
* 北極光 / 北极光 (běijíguāng)
* 北極凍原 / 北极冻原
* 北極圈 / 北极圈 (Běijíquān)
* 北極地區 / 北极地区
* 北極星 / 北极星 (Běijíxīng)
* 北極海 / 北极海 (Běijíhǎi)
* 北極熊 / 北极熊 (běijíxióng)
* 北極犬 / 北极犬
* 北極狐 / 北极狐 (Běijíhú)
* 北極鋒 / 北极锋
* 北極鯨 / 北极鲸
* 南北極 / 南北极
* 南極 / 南极 (Nánjí)
* 南極仙翁 / 南极仙翁
* 南極呈祥 / 南极呈祥
* 南極圈 / 南极圈 (Nánjíquān)
* 南極地區 / 南极地区
* 南極大陸 / 南极大陆 (Nánjí Dàlù)
* 南極星沉 / 南极星沉
* 南極星輝 / 南极星辉
* 南極洲 / 南极洲 (Nánjízhōu)
* 南極騰輝 / 南极腾辉
* 名垂罔極 / 名垂罔极
* 否極必泰 / 否极必泰
* 否極泰來 / 否极泰来 (pǐjítàilái)
* 否極生泰 / 否极生泰
* 喜極而泣 / 喜极而泣 (xǐjí'érqì)
* 四極 / 四极
* 地極 / 地极 (dìjí)
* 坤極 / 坤极
* 垓極 / 垓极
* 基極 / 基极 (jījí)
* 太極 / 太极 (tàijí)
* 太極劍 / 太极剑
* 太極圖 / 太极图 (tàijítú)
* 太極圖說 / 太极图说
* 太極拳 / 太极拳 (tàijíquán)
* 奇冤極枉 / 奇冤极枉
* 宸極 / 宸极
* 峻極 / 峻极
* 底極 / 底极
* 建極 / 建极
* 弓極 / 弓极
* 御極 / 御极 (yùjí)
* 打太極 / 打太极 (dǎ tàijí)
* 打太極拳 / 打太极拳 (dǎ tàijíquán)
* 拱極星 / 拱极星
* 指極星 / 指极星
* 握手極歡 / 握手极欢
* 撒極 / 撒极
* 斗極
* 昊天罔極 / 昊天罔极 (hàotiānwǎngjí)
* 有極 / 有极 (yǒují)
* 柵極 / 栅极
* 極便當 / 极便当
* 極光 / 极光 (jíguāng)
* 極其 / 极其 (jíqí)
* 極冠 / 极冠
* 極切瞻韓 / 极切瞻韩
* 極刑 / 极刑 (jíxíng)
* 極力 / 极力 (jílì)
* 極化 / 极化 (jíhuà)
* 極口 / 极口
* 極品 / 极品 (jípǐn)
* 極圈 / 极圈 (jíquān)
* 極地 / 极地 (jídì)
* 極地氣候 / 极地气候
* 極坐標 / 极坐标 (jízuòbiāo)
* 極婺聯輝 / 极婺联辉
* 極子 / 极子 (jízǐ)
* 極峰 / 极峰
* 極度 / 极度 (jídù)
* 極板 / 极板
* 極樂 / 极乐 (jílè)
* 極樂世界 / 极乐世界 (jílè shìjiè)
* 極樂鳥 / 极乐鸟 (jílèniǎo)
* 極權 / 极权 (jíquán)
* 極權主義 / 极权主义 (jíquán zhǔyì)
* 極權國家 / 极权国家
* 極權政治 / 极权政治
* 極深研幾 / 极深研几
* 極目 / 极目 (jímù)
* 極短篇 / 极短篇
* 極端 / 极端 (jíduān)
* 極端分子 / 极端分子 (jíduān fènzǐ)
* 極致 / 极致 (jízhì)
* 極色 / 极色
* 極處 / 极处
* 極選 / 极选
* 極量 / 极量
* 極鋒 / 极锋
* 極限 / 极限 (jíxiàn)
* 極限強度 / 极限强度
* 極限體育 / 极限体育
* 極頭麻化 / 极头麻化
* 極體 / 极体 (jítǐ)
* 極點 / 极点 (jídiǎn)
* 樂不可極 / 乐不可极
* 樂極則悲 / 乐极则悲
* 樂極忘形 / 乐极忘形
* 樂極悲來 / 乐极悲来
* 樂極悲生 / 乐极悲生
* 樂極生悲 / 乐极生悲 (lèjíshēngbēi)
* 正極 / 正极 (zhèngjí)
* 殫思極慮 / 殚思极虑
* 殫精極思 / 殚精极思
* 殫精極慮 / 殚精极虑
* 民極 / 民极
* 沒極奈何 / 没极奈何
* 泰極而否 / 泰极而否
* 消極 / 消极 (xiāojí)
* 消極論 / 消极论
* 深思極慮 / 深思极虑
* 無極 / 无极 (wújí)
* 物極則衰 / 物极则衰
* 物極必反 / 物极必反 (wùjíbìfǎn)
* 痛毀極詆 / 痛毁极诋
* 登峰造極 / 登峰造极 (dēngfēngzàojí)
* 發極 / 发极
* 登極 / 登极 (dēngjí)
* 皇極 / 皇极
* 皇極數 / 皇极数
* 盛極一時 / 盛极一时 (shèngjíyīshí)
* 盛極必衰 / 盛极必衰
* 盡態極妍 / 尽态极妍
* 直言極諫 / 直言极谏
* 磁北極 / 磁北极
* 磁南極 / 磁南极
* 磁極 / 磁极 (cíjí)
* 積極 / 积极 (jījí)
* 積極分子 / 积极分子 (jījí fènzǐ)
* 積極性 / 积极性 (jījíxìng)
* 窮兵極武 / 穷兵极武
* 窮凶惡極 / 穷凶恶极
* 窮凶極惡 / 穷凶极恶 (qióngxiōngjí'è)
* 窮凶極虐 / 穷凶极虐
* 窮天極地 / 穷天极地
* 窮奢極侈 / 穷奢极侈
* 窮奢極欲 / 穷奢极欲
* 窮妙極巧 / 穷妙极巧
* 窮富極貴 / 穷富极贵
* 窮工極巧 / 穷工极巧
* 窮幽極微 / 穷幽极微
* 窮形極狀 / 穷形极状
* 窮本極源 / 穷本极源
* 窮極 / 穷极
* 窮極其妙 / 穷极其妙
* 窮極則變 / 穷极则变
* 窮極無聊 / 穷极无聊
* 窮極要妙 / 穷极要妙
* 窮貴極富 / 穷贵极富
* 終極 / 终极 (zhōngjí)
* 繼天立極 / 继天立极
* 罔極 / 罔极 (wǎngjí)
* 罔極之恩 / 罔极之恩
* 罪大惡極 / 罪大恶极 (zuìdà'èjí)
* 至愚極陋 / 至愚极陋
* 至極 / 至极 (zhìjí)
* 衍極 / 衍极
* 西極 / 西极
* 親極反疏 / 亲极反疏
* 計窮力極 / 计穷力极
* 計窮慮極 / 计穷虑极
* 負極 / 负极 (fùjí)
* 貴極人臣 / 贵极人臣
* 賴極皮 / 赖极皮
* 踐極 / 践极
* 造天立極 / 造天立极
* 造極登峰 / 造极登峰
* 陰極 / 阴极 (yīnjí)
* 陰極射線 / 阴极射线 (yīnjí shèxiàn)
* 陽極 / 阳极 (yángjí)
* 隆極 / 隆极
* 陽極射線 / 阳极射线
* 電極 / 电极 (diànjí)
* 靜極思動 / 静极思动
* 高官極品 / 高官极品

#### See also

Chinese numerals :
| 10$^4$ | 10$^8$ | 10$^{12}$ | 10$^{16}$ | 10$^{20}$ | 10$^{24}$ | 10$^{28}$ | 10$^{32}$ | 10$^{36}$ | 10$^{40}$ | 10$^{44}$ | 10$^{48}$ |
| 萬／万 (wàn) | 億／亿 (yì) | 兆 (zhào) (Taiwan) | 京 (jīng) (Taiwan) | 垓 (gāi) | 秭 (zǐ) | 穰 (ráng) | 溝／沟 (gōu) | 澗／涧 (jiàn) | 正 (zhèng) | 載／载 (zài) | 極／极 (jí) |
| 萬／万 (wàn) | 億／亿 (yì) | 萬億／万亿 (wànyì) (Mainland China) | 億億/亿亿 (Mainland China) | 垓 (gāi) | 秭 (zǐ) | 穰 (ráng) | 溝／沟 (gōu) | 澗／涧 (jiàn) | 正 (zhèng) | 載／载 (zài) | 極／极 (jí) |

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jí (ji$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gik$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jí
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jí
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$
*** Yale: jí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gik$^1$
*** Yale: gīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɪk̚⁵/

#### Definitions

極
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 亟 (“fast; speedy”)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 亟 (“anxiously”)

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qì (qi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kei$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qì
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cì
*** Wade–Giles: chʻi$^4$
*** Yale: chì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chih
*** Palladius: ци (ci)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kei$^3$
*** Yale: kei
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kei$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kéi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰei̯³³/

#### Definitions

極
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 亟 (“repeatedly”)

### References

* “極”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
* extreme
* pole (eg. North Pole); extremity, zenith
* quindecillion

#### Readings

* Go-on: ごく (goku, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: きょく (kyoku, Jōyō)
* Kun: きわめる (kiwameru, 極める, Jōyō)、きわまる (kiwamaru, 極まる, Jōyō)、きわまり (kiwamari, 極まり)、きわみ (kiwami, 極み, Jōyō)、きめる (kimeru, 極める)、きまる (kimaru, 極まる)

#### Compounds

* 極(ごく)意(い) (gokui)
* 極(きょっ)刑(けい) (kyokkei)
* 極(きょっ)光(こう) (kyokkō)
* 極(きょく)性(せい) (kyokusei)
* 極(きょく)端(たん) (kyokutan)
* 極(きょく)地(ち) (kyokuchi)
* 極(きょく)東(とう) (Kyokutō)
* 極(ごく)道(どう) (gokudō)
* 極(ごく)秘(ひ) (gokuhi)
* 極(ごく)太(ぶと) (gokubuto)
* 極(ごく)楽(らく) (gokuraku)
* 極(きょく)論(ろん) (kyokuron)
* 磁(じ)極(きょく) (jikyoku)
* 電(でん)極(きょく) (denkyoku)
* 極(ごく)悪(あく) (gokuaku)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 極
* ごく Grade: 4
* goon

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ごく [góꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɡo̞kɯ̟]

#### Adverb

極(ごく) • (goku)
* very, extremely
    ごく稀(まれ)に
       goku mare ni
       very rarely; seldom
    ごく普通(ふつう)
       goku futsū
       very ordinary
    ごく限(かぎ)られた人(ひと)
       goku kagirareta hito
       a very limited group of people

##### Usage notes

This word is usually written in hiragana.

#### Number

極(ごく) • (goku)
* [from 1627] 10$^{48}$, quindecillion

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 極
* きょく Grade: 4
* kan'on

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きょく [kyóꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [kʲo̞kɯ̟]

#### Noun

極(きょく) • (kyoku)
* extreme, extremity, height, zenith
    疲労困憊(ひろうこんぱい)の極(きょく)に達(たっ)する
       hirō konpai no kyoku ni tassuru
       to reach the highest level of fatigue; to become extremely exhausted
* (physics, astronomy, geometry) pole

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 極 (MC gik). Recorded as Middle Korean 극 (kuk) (Yale: kuk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 極 (eumhun 다할 극 (dahal geuk))
* hanja form of 극 (“pole; extremity”)

#### Compounds

* 극도 (極度, geukdo, “maximum”)
* 극동 (極東, geukdong, “the Far East”)
* 극심 (極甚, geuksim, “severity”)
* 극우 (極右, geugu, “far right, ultraright”)
* 극좌 (極左, geukjwa, “far left, ultraleft”)
* 극치 (極致, geukchi, “peak”)
* 극한 (極限, geukhan, “limit; maximum”)
* 극호 (極好, geukho, “extremely liking”)
* 남극 (南極, namgeuk, “south pole”)
* 북극 (北極, bukgeuk, “north pole”)
* 적극 (積極, jeokgeuk, “activity”)
* 지극 (至極, jigeuk, “the height of”)
* 태극 (太極, taegeuk, “tai chi”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

極: Hán Nôm readings: cực, cọc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.