# 菊

| 菊 | U+83CA, &#33738; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83CA |
| ← 菉 [U+83C9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 菋 → [U+83CB] |
| 菊 | U+2F9A1, &#194977; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9A1 |
| ← 荓 [U+2F9A0] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 菌 → [U+2F9A2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

菊 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿心火木 (TPFD), four-corner 4492$_7$, composition ⿱艹匊)

#### Derived characters

* 𫣟, 𱔚, 𡡣, 𢵗, 𬈵, 𣚭, 𮴱, 𬖶, 𬣇, 𬧰, 𲇣, 𬰩, 𬹄

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1037, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31153
* Dae Jaweon: page 1495, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3238, character 1
* Unihan data for U+83CA
* Unihan data for U+2F9A1

## Chinese

* 菊

### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 菊
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 菊 | *kuɡ |
| 鞠 | *kuɡ, *kʰuɡ, *ɡuɡ |
| 掬 | *kluɡ |
| 匊 | *kluɡ |
| 鵴 | *kuɡ, *ɡuɡ |
| 椈 | *kuɡ |
| 諊 | *kuɡ |
| 踘 | *kuɡ, *ɡuɡ |
| 趜 | *kuɡ, *ɡuɡ |
| 蘜 | *kuɡ |
| 鞫 | *kuɡ |
| 巈 | *kuɡ |
| 麴 | *kʰuɡ |
| 毱 | *ɡuɡ |
| 驧 | *ɡuɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kuɡ): semantic 艹 + phonetic 匊 (OC *kluɡ).

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 鞠 (ball)?”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): jú (ju$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ju$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): jǔ
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): jůq
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): guk$^1$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): kuk$^7$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): guuk$^2$
    (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): guk$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): jiuh$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khiuk
    (Hailu, HRS): kiug
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kiug$^5$
* Jin (Wiktionary): jyeh$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): gṳ̆
* Eastern Min (BUC): gé̤ṳk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): goeh$^6$ / gyeh$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kiok / kak / kek
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gêg$^4$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): goek$^2$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^7$ciuq / $^7$cioq / $^7$cioeq
** (Jinhua): $^7$cioq
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): jy$^6$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): jiou$^2$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): jy$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jú
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyú
*** Wade–Giles: chü$^2$
*** Yale: jyú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyu
*** Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ju$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gy
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: jǔ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy²¹/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: jůq
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): juq$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: guk$^1$
*** Yale: gūk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: guk$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gug$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊk̚⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: kuk$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰʊk̚⁴⁴/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: guuk$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɵk̚⁵⁵/
** (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
*** Jyutping++: guk$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊk̚²⁴/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: jiuh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiuk
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiug$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kiug$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯uk̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiug
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiuk⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kiug$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiʊk̚¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: jyeh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕyəʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ̆
*** Sinological IPA : /ky²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gé̤ṳk
*** Sinological IPA : /køyʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: goeh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kœʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gyeh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kyøʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiok
*** Tâi-lô: kiok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiog
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔk̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kak
*** Tâi-lô: kak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kag
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kak̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kek
*** Tâi-lô: kik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: keg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪk̚³²/
* kiok - literary;
* kak/kek - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit菊 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕy³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕy²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕy²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕy¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕy¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕy³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕiu²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕi³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕyəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰyʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕyəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕioʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡ɕioʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡ɕɤu²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕiuʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕiu⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕiəɯ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕiuʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiuk̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kʰiuk̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kok̚⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kuk̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kuk̚⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kiɔk̚³²/ /kik̚³²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /køyʔ²³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ky²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kik̚²/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kiak̚⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: kjuwk
Rime :
| Character | 菊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (4) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 居六切 |
| Baxter | kjuwk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɨuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kiuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kiuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kuwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kiuk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kĭuk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ki̯uk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ju |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | guk$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kuɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 菊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7005 |
| Phonetic component | 匊 |
| Rime group | 覺 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 菊 |
| Old Chinese | /*kuɡ/ |

### Definitions

菊
* (literary, or in compounds) chrysanthemum
* (in compounds) A plant of Asteraceae or with chrysanthemum-like flowers
    雛菊／雏菊 ― chújú ― Bellis perennis
    松葉菊／松叶菊 ― sōngyèjú ― Lampranthus spectabilis
* (informal, euphemistic) anus; asshole
** 2021 April, 蔡戴梅, “【科普】“菊花”残，满心伤，你的痛苦我知道”, in 仁医报‎, number 103, page 3:
       Yǔqí wèi déle zhìchuāng ér àonǎo, wèi zhìchuāng shù hòu yīcìcì huàn yào ér shāngshén, bùrú xiànzài jiù bìnqì bùliáng de shēnghuófāngshì, hǎohāo hēhù zìjǐ de “júhuā”, zuòhǎo “hù jú” kǒujué [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2022 July 8, 朕說·黃桑, 《朕說怪奇百科：人類篇》, Taipei: 時報文化出版, →ISBN, page 276:
       Wéi, 110 ma, yǒurén nüè jú! [Pinyin]
       Hello, is it 110? Someone is abusing their butthole!
* a surname, Ju

#### Synonyms

* (chrysanthemum):
* 九花 (jiǔhuā)
* 九花兒 / 九花儿 (jiǔhuār) (Beijing Mandarin)
* 壽客 / 寿客 (shòukè) (literary)
* 女華 / 女华 (nǚhuá) (literary)
* 家菊 (jiājú) (literary)
* 延年 (yánnián) (literary)
* 日精 (rìjīng) (literary)
* 秋菊 (qiūjú) (literary)
* 菊花 (júhuā)
* 金英 (jīnyīng) (literary)
* 陶菊 (táojú) (literary)
* 隱逸花 / 隐逸花 (yǐnyìhuā) (literary)
* 黃華 / 黄华 (huánghuá) (literary)
* (anus):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 肛門 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 屁眼兒, 屁股眼兒, 屁股門兒, 眼子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 屁眼, 菊花, 菊部, 菊, 後庭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 屁眼兒, 屁眼子, 屁門子, 腚眼子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 屁股洞 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 屁眼兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 腚眼, 腚眼子, 腚眼兒, 糞門 Hui |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 腚格眼子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 屁股眼兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 溝子門 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 溝門子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 溝門子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 腚眼兒, 腚眼子, 屁眼兒, 屁股眼兒, 屁眼子, 屁股眼子, 糞門, 腚門子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 溝門子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 溝門子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 溝門眼子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Jimsar | 溝門子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 屁眼兒, 屁兒㞘㞘, 屁兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 屁眼, 屁股門 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 屁眼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 屁眼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 屁股眼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 屁眼兒, 屁股眼兒, 糞門 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 屁眼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 屁眼兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 屎窟窿, 菊花 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 屎窟窿, 噼噼窿, 屎眼, 菊花, 後庭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 屎窟窿 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 屎窟窿 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 屎窟窿 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 屎窟窿 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 屎窟窿 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 屎窟窿 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 屎窟窿 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 屁眼 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 屎窟 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 屁股眼 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 屎窟門 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 屎窟眼 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 屎窟門 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 屎窟門 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 屎窟空 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Changting | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 屎胈窿 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 屎窟眼 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 屎窟眼 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 屎窟眼 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 屎窟眼 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 屎窟眼 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 屎窟眼 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 屁股眼 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 屎眼 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 屎窟眼 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屎窟空 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 屎窟空 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 屎窟空 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 糞門 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 糞口 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 糞門 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 糞門 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 糞門, 屎窟門, 屎窟空 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屎窟空 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 屎窟空 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 屎窟門 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 屎窟 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 屎窟眼 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 屎窟窿 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 屎窟空 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 屎窟空 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 屁股窿 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 屁股眼 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 屎窟眼兒 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 屁眼 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 屁眼, 屁窟 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 腠䫌川, 腠川 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 腠貢 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 屎窟門 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 屎窟川 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 股川空 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 股川空 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 尻川頭, 尻川口, 糞口, 尾口 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 尻川頭, 尻川口, 糞口, 尾口, 尻川斗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 糞口, 尾口 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 尻川空 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 尻川頭, 雨傘襇 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 尻川頭, 尻川空 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 雨傘襇 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 尻川頭 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 尻川頭 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 尻川仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 尻川頭仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 尻川頭 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 尻川斗, 雨傘襇 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 尻川空 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 尻川頭 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 尻川頭 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 雨傘襇 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 尻川口 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 尻川口, 尻川頭 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 尻川口 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 糞口, 尻川頭 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 尻川頭 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 尻川空 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 尻川空 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 尻川空 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 尻川門 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 尻川, 繭 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 尻川 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 肛門 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 尻川空, 尻川門 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 尻川門 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 腸頭 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 屎窟窿, 屎窟, 屁股窿 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 屁眼, 洞疘, 臀疘 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 洞疘 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 屎眼, 屎孔 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 洞疘 |
| Wu | Danyang | 洞疘, 屁眼 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 屁股眼兒, 洞疘 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 屁眼 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 臀卵孔頭, 臀卵孔, 臀卵髀頭兒, 屙臀孔 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 屁股洞 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 屁眼 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 屁眼 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 屁眼 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 屁眼 |

### Compounds

* 八月菊
* 千日菊
* 南菊寺 (Nánjúsì)
* 四色菊 (Sìsèjú)
* 大理菊
* 天人菊
* 延命菊 (yánmìngjú, “daisy”)
* 春蘭秋菊 / 春兰秋菊
* 杭菊
* 杯菊 (bēijú)
* 波斯菊
* 牛膝菊 (niúxījú)
* 甘菊 (gānjú)
* 矢車菊 / 矢车菊 (shǐchējú)
* 萬壽菊 / 万寿菊 (wànshòujú)
* 翠菊 (cuìjú)
* 茶菊
* 菊壇 / 菊坛
* 菊月 (Júyuè, “ninth month of the Chinese calendar”)
* 菊枕
* 菊版
* 菊石
* 菊科 (júkē)
* 菊秋
* 菊糖
* 菊老荷枯
* 菊芋 (júyù)
* 菊花 (júhuā, “chrysanthemum flower”)
* 菊花節 / 菊花节
* 菊花與劍 / 菊花与剑
* 菊花茶 (júhuā chá, “chrysanthemum flower tea”)
* 菊花酒
* 菊苣 (jújù)
* 藍菊 / 蓝菊 (lánjú)
* 野菊 (yějú)
* 金光菊 (jīnguāngjú)
* 除蟲菊 / 除虫菊
* 雛菊 / 雏菊 (chújú, “daisy”)
* 非洲菊

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 菊(きく) (kiku)
* → Korean: 국(菊) (guk)
* → Vietnamese: cúc (菊)

### References

* “菊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: きく (kiku, Jōyō)
* Nanori: あき (aki)、ひ (hi)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 菊
* きく Grade: S
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 菊 (MC kjuwk).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きく [kìkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* (Tokyo) きく [kìkú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲikɯ̟]

### Noun

菊(きく) or 菊(キク) • (kiku)
* a chrysanthemum
    Synonyms: 河原薺蒿 (kawara ohagi), 河原艾 (kawara yomogi)
* a kind of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with a chrysanthemum flower design
* Short for 菊襲 (kikugasane): a type of 襲の色目 (kasane no irome, “garment-layering color combination”) with white overlayers and purple/sappanwood red inner layers
* a loop in the shape of a chrysanthemum flower
* Short for 菊腸 (kikuwata): the intestines of a cod, resembling that of a chrysanthemum flower
* (card games) a suit in 花札 (hanafuda), representing the month of September
    Coordinate terms: 松, 梅, 桜, 藤, 菖蒲, 牡丹, 萩, 芒, 菊, 紅葉, 柳, 桐
* in a 京阪 (Keihan) vegetable market, a sign representing the number 9
* (euphemistic) the anus

#### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as キク.

#### Derived terms

* 菊戴(キクイタダキ) (kiku-itadaki)
* キク科(か), 菊(きく)科(か) (kikuka)
* 菊(きく)花(か) (kikuka), 菊(きっ)花(か) (kikka)
* 菊(きく)襲(がさね) (kikugasane)
* 菊月(きくげつ) (kikugetsu)
* 菊月(きくづき) (kikuzuki)
* 菊(きく)見(み) (kikumi)
* 菊(キク)藻(モ) (kikumo)
* 菊腸(きくわた) (kikuwata)
* 東菊(アズマギク) (azumagiku)
* 磯菊(イソギク) (isogiku)
* 兎菊(ウサギギク) (usagigiku)
* 延命菊(えんめいぎく) (enmeigiku)
* 寒菊(カンギク) (kangiku)
* 観菊(かんぎく) (kangiku)
* 麒麟菊(キリンギク) (kiringiku)
* 沢菊(サワギク) (sawagiku)
* 残菊(ざんぎく) (zangiku)
* 塩竈菊(シオガマギク) (shiogamagiku)
* 春(しゅん)菊(ぎく) (shungiku)
* 除(ジョ)虫(チュウ)菊(ギク) (jochūgiku)
* 白菊(しらぎく) (shiragiku), 白菊(しろぎく) (shirogiku)
* 野(の)菊(ぎく) (nogiku)
* 野路(ノジ)菊(ギク) (nojigiku)
* 浜菊(ハマギく) (hamagiku)
* 雛菊(ヒナギク) (hinagiku)
* 襤褸菊(ボロギク) (borogiku)
* 松葉菊(マツバギク) (matsubagiku)
* 水菊(ミズギく) (mizugiku)
* 乱菊(らんぎく) (rangiku)
* 矢車菊(ヤグルマギク) (yagurumagiku)

### Proper noun

菊(きく) • (Kiku)
* a female given name

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 菊 (MC kjuwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 국〮 (kwúk) (Yale: kwuk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 菊 (eumhun 국화 국 (gukhwa guk))
* hanja form of 국 (“chrysanthemum”)

#### Compounds

* 국과 (菊科, gukgwa)
* 국월 (菊月, gugwol)
* 국화 (菊花, gukhwa)
* 야국 (野菊, yaguk)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

菊: Hán Nôm readings: cúc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.