# 飛鳥
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): fēiniǎo
       (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟ ㄋㄧㄠˇ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): финё (fini͡o, I-II)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fei$^1$ niu$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fî-niâu
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pe-chiáu / poe-chiáu / hui-niáu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): buê$^1$ ziao$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fēiniǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄟ ㄋㄧㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: feiniǎo
*** Wade–Giles: fei$^1$-niao$^3$
*** Yale: fēi-nyǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feineau
*** Palladius: фэйняо (fɛjnjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /feɪ̯⁵⁵ ni̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (飛鳥兒 / 飞鸟儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fēiniǎor
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄟ ㄋㄧㄠˇㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: feiniǎor
*** Wade–Giles: fei$^1$-niao$^3$-ʼrh
*** Yale: fēi-nyǎur
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feineaul
*** Palladius: фэйняор (fɛjnjaor)
*** Sinological IPA : /feɪ̯⁵⁵ ni̯aʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: финё (fini͡o, I-II)
*** Sinological IPA : /fi²⁴ niɔː⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fei$^1$ niu$^5$
*** Yale: fēi níuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fei$^1$ niu$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: féi$^1$ niu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fei̯⁵⁵ niːu̯¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fî-niâu
*** Hakka Romanization System: fi$^ˊ$ niau$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fi$^1$ niau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /fi²⁴⁻¹¹ ni̯au̯²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe-chiáu
*** Tâi-lô: pe-tsiáu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: peciao
*** IPA (Taipei): /pe⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siau⁵³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poe-chiáu
*** Tâi-lô: pue-tsiáu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: poeciao
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pue⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siau⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hui-niáu
*** Tâi-lô: hui-niáu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huiniao
*** IPA (Taipei): /hui⁴⁴⁻³³ niãu⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui⁴⁴⁻³³ niãu⁴¹/
* poe-chiáu/pe-chiáu - vernacular;
* hui-niáu - literary.
* Middle Chinese: pj+j tewX
Rime :
| Character | 飛 | 鳥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 微 (21) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 甫微切 | 都了切 |
| Baxter | pj+j | tewX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʉi/ | /teu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʷɨi/ | /teu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piuəi/ | /teu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puj/ | /tɛw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /piuəi/ | /teu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭwəi/ | /tieu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pwe̯i/ | /tieu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fēi | diǎo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fei$^1$ | diu$^2$ |

### Noun

飛鳥
* (flying) bird
** 1996, 《新標點和合本》 [Chinese Union Version Modern Punctuation], 聯合聖經公會, 路加福音 [Luke] 12:24:
       Nǐ xiǎng wūyā, yě bù zhǒng yě bù shōu, yòu méiyǒu cāng yòu méiyǒu kù, Shén shàngqiě yǎnghuó tā. Nǐmen bǐ fēiniǎo shì héděng de guìzhòng ne! [Pinyin]
       Consider the ravens: they don’t sow, they don’t reap, they have no warehouse or barn, and God feeds them. How much more valuable are you than birds! [World English Bible]

#### Synonyms

* 飛禽／飞禽 (fēiqín)

#### Derived terms

* 飛鳥使 / 飞鸟使
* 飛鳥依人 / 飞鸟依人
* 飛鳥時代 / 飞鸟时代
* 飛鳥盡，良弓藏 / 飞鸟尽，良弓藏
* 鸚鵡能言，不離飛鳥 / 鹦鹉能言，不离飞鸟

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 飛(ひ)鳥(ちょう) (hichō)
* → Korean: 비조(飛鳥) (bijo)
* → Vietnamese: phi điểu (飛鳥)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 飛 | 鳥 |
| ひ Grade: 4 | ちょう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
/pʷi teu/ → /fit͡ɕeu/ → /hit͡ɕoː/
From Middle Chinese compound 飛鳥 (MC pj+j tewX).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひちょー [hìchóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [çit͡ɕo̞ː]

#### Noun

飛(ひ)鳥(ちょう) • (hichō)
* a flying bird
    Synonym: 飛禽 (hikin)

##### Proverbs

* 飛鳥(ひちょう)尽(つ)きて良弓(りょうきゅう)蔵(かく)る (hichō tsukite ryōkyū kakuru)
* 飛鳥(ひちょう)の摯(う)つや其(そ)の首(くび)を俛(ふ)す (hichō no utsu ya sono kubi o fusu)
* 鸚鵡(おうむ)よく言(い)えども飛鳥(ひちょう)を離(はな)れず (ōmu yoku iedomo hichō o hanarezu)

##### See also

* 飛(と)ぶ鳥(とり) (tobu tori)

#### Proper noun

飛(ひ)鳥(ちょう) • (Hichō)
* a surname
* a male or female given name

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 飛 | 鳥 |
| と(ぶ) Grade: 4 | とり Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||
Nominalization of 飛ぶ鳥 (tobu tori, “flying bird”).

#### Proper noun

飛(とぶ)鳥(とり) • (Tobutori)
* a surname

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 飛 | 鳥 |
| あすか ||
| Grade: 4 | Grade: 2 |
| jukujikun ||
* Alternative spelling
* 明日香
From Old Japanese.
Asuka was associated with "flying bird" by Emperor Tenmu for several events of spotting auspicious "red birds" (called 朱雀 or 臘子鳥 in Nihon Shoki) in Asuka during his reign (673–686). Starting from about 689, pillow word 飛鳥 (tobu tori no, “... of flying birds”) began to allude to Asuka, and became an interchangeable kanji spelling of it.
Compare 春日 (Kasuga).

#### Proper noun

飛鳥(あすか) • (Asuka)
* a place name, especially the name of a village in Nara Prefecture
* a surname
* a male or female given name

##### Derived terms

* 飛鳥(あすか)井(い) (Asukai)
* 飛鳥(あすか)川(がわ) (Asuka-gawa)
* 飛鳥(あすか)時代(じだい) (Asuka jidai)
* 飛鳥(あすか)大仏(だいぶつ) (Asuka Daibutsu)
* 飛鳥(あすか)寺(でら) (Asuka-dera)
* 飛鳥(あすか)鍋(なべ) (Asuka nabe)
* 飛鳥(あすかの)京(みやこ) (Asuka no Miyako)
* 飛鳥(あすか)仏(ぶつ) (Asuka butsu)
* 飛鳥(あすか)文化(ぶんか) (Asuka bunka)
* 飛鳥(あすか)部(べ) (Asukabe)
* 飛鳥(あすか)山(やま) (Asuka-yama)
* 河内(かわち)飛鳥(あすか) (Kawachi-Asuka)
* 近(ちか)つ飛鳥(あすか) (Chika-tsu-Asuka)
* 遠(とお)つ飛鳥(あすか) (Tō-tsu-Asuka)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ 精選版 日本国語大辞典 「飛鳥の」の意味・読み・例文・類語