# 菻

| 菻 | U+83FB, &#33787; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83FB |
| ← 菺 [U+83FA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 菼 → [U+83FC] |

## Translingual
### Alternative forms

* A similar character, ⿱⻀𣏟 can be found in the historical Jiyun dictionary.
** In mainland China, this form has been unified with ⿱艹林 due to the Xin Zixing standardization of characters. (⻀ → 艹, 𣏟 → 林)

### Han character

菻 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 12 strokes in traditional Chinese, 11 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿木木 (TDD), four-corner 4499$_4$, composition ⿱艹林)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1040, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31238
* Dae Jaweon: page 1499, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3230, character 3
* Unihan data for U+83FB

## Chinese
### Glyph 1

    This section refers to ⿱艹林 glyph.

#### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 婪 | *ɡ·ruːm |
| 惏 | *ɡ·ruːm |
| 啉 | *ɡ·ruːm |
| 漤 | *ɡ·ruːmʔ |
| 醂 | *ɡ·ruːmʔ |
| 林 | *ɡ·rɯm |
| 琳 | *ɡ·rɯm |
| 淋 | *ɡ·rɯm, *ɡ·rɯms |
| 痳 | *ɡ·rɯm |
| 箖 | *ɡ·rɯm |
| 霖 | *ɡ·rɯm |
| 菻 | *ɡ·rɯmʔ, *ɡ·rɯms |
| 罧 | *slɯmʔ, *srɯms |
| 棽 | *r̥ʰɯm, *srɯm |
| 綝 | *r̥ʰɯm |
| 郴 | *r̥ʰɯm |
| 禁 | *krɯm, *krɯms |
| 襟 | *krɯm |
| 僸 | *krɯms, *ŋɡrɯmʔ |
| 澿 | *ɡrɯm |
| 噤 | *ɡrɯmʔ, *ɡrɯms |
| 凚 | *ɡrɯmʔ, *ɡrɯms |
| 齽 | *ɡrɯms |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡ·rɯmʔ, *ɡ·rɯms): semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 林 (OC *ɡ·rɯm).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lǐn (lin$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lam$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǐn
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǐn
*** Wade–Giles: lin$^3$
*** Yale: lǐn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liin
*** Palladius: линь (linʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /lin²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lam$^4$
*** Yale: làhm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lem$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɐm²¹/
* Middle Chinese: limX
Rime :
| Character | 菻 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力稔切 |
| Baxter | limX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /liɪm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lim$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ljem$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lim$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /liəm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭĕm$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /li̯əm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lǐn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lam$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·rɯmʔ/, /*ɡ·rɯms/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 菻 | 菻 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 8171 | 8173 |
| Phonetic component | 林 | 林 |
| Rime group | 侵 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 廩 | |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡ·rɯmʔ/ | /*ɡ·rɯms/ |
| Notes | 拂菻 | |

#### Definitions

菻
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, botany) artemisia
    Synonym: 蒿 (hāo)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Used in 拂菻 (Fúlǐn, “Byzantine Empire”).

### Glyph 2

    This section refers to ⿱⻀𣏟 glyph.

#### Glyph origin

Found in the historical Jiyun 《集韻》 rime dictionary published during the Song dynasty.

#### Definitions

* For pronunciation and definitions of 菻 – see 麻 (“general name for hemp, flax, jute, etc.; hemp fibre; linen; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 麻).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C11594
* “菻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): りん (rin)
* Kun: きつねあざ (kitsuneaza)

#### Compounds

* 払菻(ふつりん) (futsurin, “(historical, used by China) Byzantine Empire”)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 菻
* りん Hyōgai
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 菻 (MC limX, “artemisia”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾʲĩɴ]

## Vietnamese
### Han character

菻: Hán Nôm readings: lùm, râm, răm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation