OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# plæce
## Old English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin platea, from Ancient Greek πλατεῖα (plateîa). This must have been borrowed into early Old English after Anglo-Frisian brightening, but before i-mutation as *platiǣ, cf. Læden, mæġester. The Aldredian stem plæċ-, and the Rushworth Gospel gloss plæ(t)s-, illustrate a change in later Old English whereby the sequence -tj- began to be conflated with -ċċ-, cf. ortġeard, fetian; thus serving as evidence that both palatalization, and later affrication, did likely also occur in Old Northumbrian.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈplæ.t͡ʃe/

### Noun

plæċe f (Northumbrian)
* place, open space
    Synonym: worþ
* street
    Synonym: worþ (Northumbrian)
    Synonym: strǣt

#### Declension

Weak:
Mainly found in the dative plural, no singular forms are attested. The form plætsa (acc. pl.) shows regular loss of final -n in late Old Northumbrian; although the ending -an is usually spelled -o, this inconsistency can be explained by late unstressed vowel confusion.

#### Descendants

* Middle English: place, plaace, plache, plas, plasce, plase, plasse (conflated with Old French place)
** English: place (dialectal pleace)
*** Pijin: ples
*** Tok Pisin: ples
** Scots: place, pleece

### References

* ↑ Hogg, Richard (2011), A Grammar of Old English, Volume I: Phonology, →ISBN, pages 126-127
* ↑ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 203-204
* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “plæce”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
# مسعى
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mas.ʕan/

### Noun

مَسْعًى • (masʕan) m (construct state مَسْعَى (masʕā), dual مَسْعَيَانِ (masʕayāni), plural مَسَاعٍ (masāʕin), plural construct state مَسَاعِي (masāʕī))
* effort, struggle
** 2017 December 10, “العاهل الاردني يعتبر القدس "مفتاح" تحقيق السلام والاستقرار”, in Al-Quds‎, archived from the original on 10 December 2017:اكد "ضرورة دعم الأشقاء الفلسطينيين في مساعيهم لإقامة الدولة الفلسطينية المستقلة وعاصمتها القدس الشرقية".[King ʕAbdullāh the Second of Jordan] affirmed the “necessity to protect the Palestinian brothers in their struggles for the establishment of the independent Palestinian state and its capital East Jerusalem”.

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: مساعی (mesâ'î)
** > Turkish: mesai (inherited)
# Ystrad Fflur
## English
### Etymology

From Welsh ystrad fflur (“vale of flowers”).

### Proper noun

Ystrad Fflur
* A community (civil parish) in Ceredigion, Wales.

#### Related terms

* Strata Florida

### References

* Community map
# pelnu trauks
## Latvian
### Noun

pelnu trauks m ($^{???}$ please provide the declension type!)
* ashtray
# ចានគោះបារី
## Khmer
### Etymology

ចាន (caan, “dish”) +‎ គោះ (kŭəh, “to knock, to tap”) +‎ បារី (baarəy, “cigarette”)

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | ចានគោះបារី cāngoḥpārī |
| Phonemic | ចាន គោះ បា-រ៉ី cān goḥ pā-r″ī |
| WT romanisation | caan kŭəh baarəy |
| (standard) IPA | /caːn kŭəh ɓaː.ˈrəj/ |

### Noun

ចានគោះបារី • (caan kŭəh baarəy)
* ashtray
# מאפרה
## Hebrew
### Noun

מַאֲפֵרָה • (maaferá) f (plural indefinite מאפרות, singular construct מאפרת־, plural construct מאפרות־)
* ashtray

### References

* “מאפרה” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

### Further reading

* מאפרה on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# kamison
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish camisón.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kamiˈson/ [kɐ.mɪˈson̪]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: ka‧mi‧son

### Noun

kamisón (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋᜒᜐᜓᜈ᜔)
* chemise; slip
    Synonyms: korpinyo, nagwas, islip, marlotas
* (uncommon) petticoat
    Synonym: petikot

#### Derived terms

* kamisunan
* magkamison

#### Related terms

* kamisa
* kamisa tsino
* kamisadentro
* kamiseriya
* kamiseta
* kamisola

### Further reading

* “kamison”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 104
# tuhatoos
## Estonian
### Noun

tuhatoos (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])
* ashtray
# coliva
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈko.li.va/, /koˈli.va/

### Noun

coliva f (plural colive)
* Alternative form of colva
# mandrillo
## Italian
### Noun

mandrillo m (plural mandrilli)
* mandrill
* (informal) lecher
# витривалий
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Analyzable as ви- (vy-) +‎ трива́ти (tryváty) +‎ -лий (-lyj). Possibly a corruption of the now obsolete витрима́лий (vytrymályj, “abstinent”), cognate with Polish wytrzymały and formed analogously to a past active participle of the verb ви́тримати (výtrymaty).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʋetreˈʋaɫei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

витрива́лий • (vytryvályj) (abstract noun витрива́лість)
* enduring, gritty, hardy
    Synonyms: стійки́й (stijkýj), тверди́й (tverdýj)

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Zhelekhivskyy, E. I., editor (1886), “витрима́лий”, in Малоруско-нїмецкий словар [Ukrainian-German Dictionary]‎ (in German), volumes 1: А – О, Lviv: Shevchenko Society, page 90

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “витривалий”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “витривалий”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (в – відсрібли́тися), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
* “витривалий”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “витривалий”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “витривалий”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# Haematopus
## Translingual
### Etymology

haemato- (“blood”, from Ancient Greek αἷμᾰ (haîmă)) +‎ Ancient Greek ὤψ (ṓps, “eye”), literally “blood-eye”.

### Proper noun

Haematopus m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Haematopodidae – the oystercatchers.

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Haematopus ater, Haematopus bachmani, Haematopus chathamensis, Haematopus finschi, Haematopus fuliginosus, Haematopus leucopodus, Haematopus longirostris, Haematopus moquini, Haematopus ostralegus, Haematopus palliatus, Haematopus unicolor (species)
** †Haematopus meadewaldoi (extinct species)

### References

* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Haematopus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Haematopus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Haematopus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# dietetic
## English
### Alternative forms

* diætetic (archaic)

### Etymology

From Latin diaeteticus, from Ancient Greek διαιτητικός (diaitētikós).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /daɪəˈtɛtɪk/
* Audio (Southern England):noicon(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛtɪk

### Adjective

dietetic
* Relating to diet.
* Relating to preparation for those on a restricted diet.

#### Synonyms

* dietetical (dated)

#### Derived terms

* dietetician
* dietetics
* nondietetic

#### References

* Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “dietetic”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French diététique.

### Adjective

dietetic m or n (feminine singular dietetică, masculine plural dietetici, feminine and neuter plural dietetice)
* dietetic
# gibbone
## Italian
### Etymology

From French gibbon.

### Noun

gibbone m (plural gibboni)
* gibbon
# bertuccia
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /berˈtut.t͡ʃa/
* Rhymes: -uttʃa
* Hyphenation: ber‧tùc‧cia

### Noun

bertuccia f (plural bertucce)
* Barbary ape (Macaca sylvanus)
* an ugly and unpleasant woman

#### Derived terms

* sbertucciare
# microcebo di Madame Berthe
## Italian
### Noun

microcebo di Madame Berthe m (plural microcebi di Madame Berthe)
* Madame Berthe's mouse lemur (Microcebus berthae)
# vigogna
## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vicuña, from Quechua wik'uña.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /viˈɡoɲ.ɲa/
* Rhymes: -oɲɲa
* Hyphenation: vi‧gó‧gna

### Noun

vigogna f (plural vigogne)
* vicuña
# řečechu
## Old Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈr̝ɛt͡ʃɛxu/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈr̝ɛt͡ʃɛxu/

### Verb

řečechu
* third-person plural aorist of řéci

### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “řečechu”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# heartiness
## English
### Etymology

From hearty +‎ -ness.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Southern England):noicon(file)

### Noun

heartiness (usually uncountable, plural heartinesses)
* The quality of being hearty.

#### Derived terms

* hale and heartiness

#### See also

* hardiness

### Anagrams

* Eisenharts, earthiness
# Stercorarius
## Translingual

Wikispecies

### Proper noun

Stercorarius m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Stercorariidae – the skuas.

### References

* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN
# djathëra
## Albanian
### Noun

djathëra
* indefinite nominative/accusative plural of djathë
# langgam
## Binukid
### Noun

langgam
* wild beast

## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: lang‧gam
* IPA: /ˈlaŋɡam/ [ˈl̪aŋ.ɡɐm]

### Noun

lánggam (Badlit spelling ᜎᜅ᜔ᜄᜋ᜔)
* bird

#### Usage notes

This is part of Cebuano–Tagalog false friends. The Tagalog definitions can be found at langgam#Tagalog.

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:langgam.

## Hanunoo
### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *lamʀam (“vermin”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /laŋˈɡam/ [lɐŋˈɡɐm]
* Rhymes: -am
* Syllabification: lang‧gam

### Noun

langgám (Hanunoo spelling ᜮᜥ᜴ᜤᜫ᜴)
* millipede

#### See also

* aluhipan

### Further reading

* Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 161

## Higaonon
### Noun

langgam
* a beast

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* langam — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
* lamgam — obsolete

### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *lamʀam (“vermin”). Compare Ilocano langgam (“bird”), Hanunoo langgam (“millipede”), Calamian Tagbanwa lamlam (“bird”), Bikol Central gamgam (“bird”), Aklanon eanggam (“rat”), Cebuano langgam (“bird”), Western Bukidnon Manobo langgam (“any non-human creature”), and Binukid langgam (“wild beast”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /laŋˈɡam/ [lɐŋˈɡam]
* Rhymes: -am
* Syllabification: lang‧gam

### Noun

langgám (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜅ᜔ᜄᜋ᜔)
* ant
    Synonym: (dialectal, Southern Tagalog) guyam

#### Usage notes

This is part of Tagalog–Cebuano false friends. The Cebuano definitions can be found at langgam#Cebuano.

#### Derived terms

* bahay-langgam
* ihing-langgam
* langgaman
* langgamin
* malanggam

#### See also

* apanas
* hantik
* kuwitib
* punso

### Further reading

* “langgam”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* “langgam”, in Pinoy Dictionary, 2010–2025
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
* Santos, Fr. Domingo de los (1835) Tomas Oliva, editor, Vocabulario de la lengua tagala: primera, y segunda parte.‎ (in Spanish), La imprenta nueva de D. Jose Maria Dayot
* San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎, La Noble Villa de Pila, page 357: “Hormigas) Langam (pc) L. comunes”
# experimenter
## English
### Etymology

From experiment +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

experimenter (plural experimenters)
* A person who experiments.
** 1986, J. Richard Eiser, Social psychology: attitude, cognition, and social behavior, page 227:In the request-only condition, the experimenter said simply 'Excuse me, I have 5 (20) copies. May I use the xerox machine?' In the placebic information condition, this was followed by the phrase 'because I need to make copies'. In the real information condition, the reason offered in support was 'because I am in a rush'.
** 2020, Joseph Cesario, David J. Johnson, Heather L. Eisthen, “Your Brain Is Not an Onion With a Tiny Reptile Inside”, in Current Directions in Psychological Science, volume 29, number 3:In reliable environments, waiting to eat a second marshmallow is likely to be beneficial. However, in environments in which rewards are uncertain, such as when experimenters are unreliable, eating the single marshmallow right away may be beneficial. Thus, impulsivity can be understood as an adaptive response to the contingencies present in an unstable environment rather than a moral failure in which animalistic drives overwhelm human rationality.

#### Derived terms

* interexperimenter
# flexibly
## English
### Etymology

From flexible +‎ -ly.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adverb

flexibly (comparative more flexibly, superlative most flexibly)
* in a flexible manner
# دارتاش
## Central Kurdish
### Etymology

From دار (dar, “tree”) +‎ ـتاش (-taş).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /daːɾtaːʃ/

### Noun

دارتاش (dartaş)
* carpenter

#### Derived terms

* دارتاشی (dartaşî, “carpentry”)
# fractionalize
## English
### Etymology

From fractional +‎ -ize.

### Verb

fractionalize (third-person singular simple present fractionalizes, present participle fractionalizing, simple past and past participle fractionalized)
* To separate into parts or fractions; to fractionate.
** 2018 June 8, Scott Reyburn, “Art Is Becoming a Financial Product, and Blockchain Is Making It Happen”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:One of several start-ups that have explored the idea of “fractionalizing” art, Maecenas will divide 49 percent of the value of an artwork into shares, which can then be bought and sold on the company’s blockchain trading platform.

#### Derived terms

* fractionalization
* unfractionalized

### Anagrams

* factionalizer
# Eṣu
## Yoruba
### Etymology

Etymology is unclear, some propose it may come from è- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ ṣù (“to bring together, to harmonize”), literally “The one who allows for coexistence”, though this may simply be a folk etymology.
* This is said to refer to the role of Èṣù as an intermediary between the evil and good forces of the universe.
Compare with Edo Èsù, Ede Idaca Èchù, Itsekiri Èṣù

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /è.ʃù/

### Proper noun

Èṣù
* The orisha and primordial divinity (irúnmọlẹ̀) of judgement, trickery, crossroads, and the messenger of Olódùmarè in the Yoruba religion. He is believed to epitomize the duality of goodness and malevolence, and is the intermediary between humanity and the evil forces, the Ajogun.
    Synonyms: Ẹlẹ́gbà, Ẹlẹ́gbára, Láàróyè, Èṣù Ọ̀dàrà, Ọ̀gá, Èṣù Láàlú
    Èṣù Láàlú, Èṣù Ọdàrà, Èṣù elépolẹ́nu; Èṣù Láàlú, Ògiri-òkò! ― Eshu Láàlú, Èṣù Ọdàrà, Èṣù who has red oil on his mouth; Èṣù Láàlú, the stone wall! (oríkì Èṣù)
* (proscribed) Satan, the Devil
    Synonyms: Sátánì, Bìlísì

#### Usage notes

* Proscribed by Yoruba academics, linguists, and worshippers of the Yoruba religion, as the orisha is not equivalent to the figure Satan found in Abrahamic religions, and its use stigmatized worshippers of Èṣù as satanists, and by extension, perpetuated foreign stereotypes of Yoruba and other African indigenous religions. Alternatives presented include Sátánì and Bìlísì, directly loaned from the words for Satan in English and Arabic respectively.

#### Derived terms

* eléṣù (“a worshipper of Èṣù”)
* Èṣúbíyìí (“Yoruba name meaning, Èṣù gave birth to this child”)
* Èṣúkáyọ̀dé (“Yoruba name, meaning, Èṣù brings joy”)

#### Descendants

* → English: Eshu
* → Portuguese: Exu
** → Portuguese: exu
* → Krio: eshu

#### Further reading

* Akinwumi, Olatunji S. ESU ELEGBARA IN YORUBA MYTHOLOGY: A SEARCH FOR IDENTITY , 2020
* Falola, Toyin. Esu: Yoruba God, Power And The Imaginative Frontiers , 2014
* Kanu, Ikechukwu A. THE HELLENIZATION OF AFRICAN TRADITIONAL DEITIES: THE CASE OF EKWENSU AND ESU , 2021
# 𠠚

| 𠠚 | U+2081A, &#133146; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-2081A |
| ← 𠠙 [U+20819] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B | 𠠛 → [U+2081B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

𠠚 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+15, 17 strokes, composition ⿰齒刂)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 145, character 29
* Unihan data for U+2081A

## Vietnamese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, xẻ): phonetic 齒 (xỉ) + semantic 刂 (“knife”).

### Readings

𠠚: Nôm readings: xé, xẻ

### Verb

𠠚 • (xẻ)
* to clear a path for a drain

### References

* Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)
# lavacopas
## Spanish
### Etymology

Verb-object compound, composed of lava (“to wash”) +‎ copas (“cups”).

### Noun

lavacopas m (plural lavacopas)
* (Chile) dishwasher (machine)
* (Chile) utility sink (used for dishwashing)
* (Bolivia, Rioplatense) busser

### Further reading

* “lavacopas”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# discórrer
## Catalan
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin discurrere.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [disˈko.rə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [disˈko.reɾ]
* Audio (Catalonia):(file)

### Verb

discórrer (first-person singular present discorro, first-person singular preterite discorreguí, past participle discorregut); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/
* (transitive) to create, to think up
    Synonyms: idea, inventar
* (transitive) to discourse
* (intransitive) to ponder, to think
    Synonyms: barrinar, rumiar
* (intransitive, archaic) to wander
    Synonyms: circular, transitar
* (intransitive) to spend time

#### Related terms

* córrer
* discurs
# canwraidd
## Welsh
### Etymology

From can (“hundred”) +‎ gwraidd (“root”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkanwrai̯ð/

### Noun

canwraidd f (uncountable)
* Persicaria (genus within the family Polygonaceae which includes knot-grass, mugwort, smartweeds and pinkweeds)
    Synonym: tinboeth

#### Derived terms

* canwraidd Alpaidd (“Alpine knotweed (P. alpina”)
* canwraidd America (“American tear-thumb (P. sagittata”)
* canwraidd bengoch (“amphibious bistort (P. amphibia”)
* canwraidd fach (“lesser knotweed (P. campanulata”)
* canwraidd goch (“red bistort (P. amplexicaulis”)
* canwraidd goch (“amphibious bistort (P. amphibia”)
* canwraidd goesgoch (“redshank (P. maculosa”)
* canwraidd Himalaiaidd (“Himalayan knotweed (P. wallichii”)
* canwraidd lwyd (“mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris), wormwood (Artemisia absinthium)”)
* canwraidd Nepal (“Nepal persicaria (P. nepalensis”)
* canwraidd rosliw (“pinkweed (P. pensylvanica”)
* canwraidd Tsieina (“Chinese knotweed (P. weyrichii”)
* canwraidd wlanog (“soft knotweed (P. mollis”)
* canwraidd y dom (“pale persicaria (P. lapathifolia”)
* canwraidd y dŵr (“amphibious bistort (P. amphibia”)
* canwraidd y mynydd (“Alpine persicaria (P. vivipara”)
* chwysigen y ganwraidd (“bistort blister (Microbotryum pustulatum”)
* rhwd arian y ganwraidd (“bistort silver rust (Microbotryum marginale”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “canwraidd”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# gjerdanë
## Albanian
### Noun

gjerdanë
* indefinite nominative/accusative plural of gjerdan
# op zijn minst gezegd
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔp zɛi̯n ˈmɪnst ɣəˈzɛxt/

### Phrase

op zijn minst gezegd
* to say the least, to put it mildly
    Synonym: op zijn zachtst gezegd
# trzepaczka
## Polish
### Etymology

From trzepać +‎ -aczka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʂɛˈpat͡ʂ.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at͡ʂka
* Syllabification: trze‧pacz‧ka

### Noun

trzepaczka f
* whisk (cooking utensil)
    Synonyms: trzepaczka kuchenna, ubijaczka
* carpetbeater
    Synonym: trzepaczka do dywanów

#### Declension
### Further reading

* trzepaczka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* trzepaczka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# quebracho bianco
## Italian
### Alternative forms

* quebracho blanco

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish quebracho blanco.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /keˈbra.t͡ʃo ˈbjan.ko/

### Noun

quebracho bianco m (plural quebracho bianchi)
* white quebracho (Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco)
    Hypernym: aspidosperma

#### Related terms

* quebracamina
* quebrachina
* quebracho rosso
* quebracolo

### Further reading

* Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco on the Italian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{it}$
# Arvicolinae
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Arvicola +‎ -inae.

### Proper noun

Arvicolinae
* A taxonomic subfamily within the family Cricetidae – voles and lemmings.

#### Hypernyms

* (subfamily): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Tetrapoda – superclass; Mammalia – class; Theria – subclass; Eutheria/Placentalia – infraclass; Rodentia – order; Myomorpha – suborder; Muroidea – superfamily; Cricetidae – family

#### Hyponyms

* (subfamily): Arvicolini, Microtini, Dicrostonychini, Ellobiusini, Lagurini, Lemmini, Clethrionomyini, Ondatrini, Pliophenacomyini, Pliomyini, Prometheomyini – tribes
** Arvicola (water voles) – type genus; Alticola (mountain voles), Arborimus (tree voles), Blanfordimys (now subgenus Microtus (Blanfordimys)), Chionomys (snow voles), Clethrionomys (red-backed voles, bank vole), Craseomys (syn. Phaulomys), Dicrostonyx (collared lemmings), Dinaromys (Balkan snow vole), Ellobius (mole voles), Eolagurus (steppe lemmings), Eothenomys (voles of east Asia), Hyperacrius (Kashmir voles), Lagurus (steppe lemming), Lasiopodomys (voles), Lemmiscus (sagebrush vole), Lemmus (lemmings), Microtus (voles), Myodes (red-backed voles), Myopus (wood lemming), Neodon (voles), Neofiber (Florida water rat), Ondatra (muskrat), Phenacomys (heather voles), Proedromys (Duke of Bedford's vole), Prometheomys (long-clawed mole vole), Synaptomys (bog lemmings), Volemys (voles) – selected other extant genera
** †Altaiomys, †Stachomys – selected extinct genera

### Further reading

* Arvicolinae on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Arvicolinae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Arvicolinae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# farnetto
## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin farnus (a kind of oak) with a diminutive suffix.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /farˈnet.to/
* Rhymes: -etto
* Hyphenation: far‧nét‧to

### Noun

farnetto m (plural farnetti)
* Hungarian oak (Quercus frainetto)

#### Hypernyms

* quercia

#### Related terms

* farnia

### Anagrams

* frettano
# shotgun approach
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

shotgun approach (plural shotgun approaches)
* (idiomatic) An approach in which the subject is indiscriminate and haphazard, using breadth, spread, or quantity in lieu of accuracy, planning, etc.
    She seems to take the shotgun approach to holiday shopping, buying many smaller, generic gifts for everybody.

#### See also

* blunt instrument
* brute force
* scattershot
* sledgehammer
* spray and pray
# pewnikiem
## Polish
### Etymology

Instrumental singular of pewnik.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɛvˈɲi.kjɛm/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Lasovia) IPA: /pɛvˈɲi.kjɛm/
* Rhymes: -ikjɛm
* Syllabification: pew‧ni‧kiem

### Particle

pewnikiem
* (dated or dialectal, Lasovia) absolutely, certainly, definitely, for sure, sure
    Synonyms: najpewniej, najprawdopodobniej, pewnie, pewno, prawdopodobnie, z pewnością

### Noun

pewnikiem
* instrumental singular of pewnik

### Further reading

* pewnikiem in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pewnikiem in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Oskar Kolberg (1865) “pewnikiem”, in Lud. Jego zwyczaje, sposób życia, mowa, podania, przysłowia, obrzędy, gusła, zabawy, pieśni, muzyka i tańce. Serya II. Sandomierskie (in Polish), page 264