OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# кожуун
## Tuvan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Mongolic, probably Written Oirat ᡍᡆᠱᡇᡇ᠌ᠨ (xošuun).
Compare also Kalmyk хошун (xoşun), Buryat хушуун (xušuun), хошуун (xošuun), Mongolian хошуу (xošuu), etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /k̠o.ʒuːn/, [k̠o̞.ʒuːn]
* Hyphenation: ко‧жуун

### Noun

кожуун • (kojuun) (definite accusative кожуунну, plural кожууннар)
* a kozhuun, a banner (administrative division, originally Mongol military unit)

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* кожууннуг (kojuunnug, ornative)

#### Descendants

* → Russian: кожу́ун m (kožúun) (see there for further descendants)
# Доржу
## Tuvan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Mongolian ᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ (dorǰi), from Classical Tibetan རྡོ་རྗེ (rdo rje, “vajra”). Compare Kalmyk Дорҗ (Dorj), Mongolian Дорж (Dorž), Buryat Доржо (Doržo).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d̥o̞ɾʒu/

### Proper noun

Доржу • (Dorju)
* a male given name
# -би
## Buryat
### Etymology

Compare Kalmyk -в (-v) and Mongolian би (bi).

### Suffix

-би • (-bi)
* First-person singular predicative suffix, used after a consonant.
    Би буряадби. ― Bi burjaadbi. ― I’m a Buryat.
    Украинада түрэһэмби. ― Ukrainada türehembi. ― I was born in Ukraine.

#### Related terms

* -б (-b, first-person singular predicative suffix used after a vowel)
* би (bi, “I”, first-person singular subject pronoun)
# өвүр
## Tuvan
### Etymology

From Mongolic. Compare Classical Mongolian ᠥᠪᠦᠷ (öbür), Mongolian өвөр (övör).

### Noun

өвүр • (övür) (definite accusative өвүрнү, plural өвүрлер)
* south slope (yang side) of a mountain

#### Antonyms

* ары (arı, “north slope [yin side] of a mountain”)

#### Derived terms

* Өвүр кожуун (Övür kojuun)
# Дундад улс
## Mongolian

| Mongolian | Cyrillic |
| ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ (dumdadu ulus) | Дундад улс (Dundad uls) |

### Etymology

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠋ (dumdadu ulus, “China”, literally “the Central State”), a calque of Chinese 中國 / 中国 (Zhōngguó). Compare also Manchu ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᠯᡳᠮᠪᠠᡳ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ (dulimbai gurun).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tʊn.tɐ̝t ʊɬs]
* Hyphenation: Дун‧дад улс

### Proper noun

Дундад улс • (Dundad uls)
* (China) China (a country in East Asia)
    Synonyms: Хятад улс (Xjatad uls) (compound), Хятад (Xjatad) (simple)

#### Declension

This proper noun needs an inflection-table template.
# төрийн бэйл
## Mongolian
### Etymology

From Classical Mongolian ᠲᠥ᠋ᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡ (törü-yin beyile), from Manchu ᡩᠣᡵᠣᡳ ᠪᡝᡳ᠌ᠯᡝ (doroi beile). Compare Chinese 多羅貝勒／多罗贝勒 (duōluó bèilè).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʰɵriːŋ peːɮ/

### Noun

төрийн бэйл • (töriin bejl) (Mongolian spelling ᠲᠥ᠋ᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡ (törü-yin beyile), definite plural төрийн бэйл нар); (regular declension)
* (historical) Prince of the Third Rank

### See also

* хошой чин ван (xošoj čin van), төрийн жүн ван (töriin žün van), хошууны бэйс (xošuuny bejs), улсын түшээ гүн (ulsyn tüšee gün), улсад туслагч гүн (ulsad tuslagč gün)
* бэйлийн хүүхэн төрийн авхай (bejliin xüüxen töriin avxaj)
# маҥнай
## Yakut
### Etymology

From a Mongolic language, compare Buryat манлай (manlaj, “forehead; leading”), магнай (magnaj, “forehead”); Mongolian манлай (manlaj, “leading”), магнай (magnaj, “forehead”); Kalmyk маңна (mañna, “forehead”).

### Adverb

маҥнай • (mañnay)
* at first, in the beginning
    Synonym: бастаан (bastaan)

#### Derived terms

* маҥнайгы (mañnaygı, “first”)
# учнівський
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From у́чень (účenʹ) +‎ -івський (-ivsʹkyj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʊt͡ʃˈnʲiu̯sʲkei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

учні́вський • (učnívsʹkyj)
* (relational) student

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “учнівський”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “учнівський”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “учнівський”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “учнівський”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# ᄂᆞ단-
## Jeju
### Etymology

This word has no clear internal etymology and may preserve an old Koreanic root for "right-side" that was displaced by modern Korean 오른 (oreun), which was derived from the adjective 옳다 (olta, “to be correct”).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽nɒtan⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [nɒda̠n]
* Phonetic hangul: [ᄂᆞ단]

### Prefix

ᄂᆞ단 (nawdan-)
* right, right-hand
    Synonym: 오른 (oreun)
    Antonym: 웬 (wen)
# 𑀅𑀨𑁂
## Ashokan Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit अस्मे (asmé, locative of वयम् (vayám, “we”)). Cognate with Pali amhe.

### Pronoun

𑀅𑀨𑁂 (aphe)
* we; first-person plural personal pronoun

#### Alternative forms

Attested at Dhauli and Jaugada.
Dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀨𑁂 (“we”) :
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| East | Dhauli | 𑀅𑀨𑁂 (aphe) | |
| East | Jaugada | 𑀅𑀨𑁂 (aphe) | |
Map of dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀨𑁂 (“we”) :
* 𑀅𑀨𑁂 (aphe) (2)

#### Descendants

* Prakrit: (< Sanskrit अस्मे (asmé)) (see there for further descendants)
    Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀫𑁂 (asme)
    Maharastri Prakrit, Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe)

### Further reading

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “aphe”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 43
* Sen, Sukumar (1960) A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan, Linguistic Society of India, page 109.
# سدھارنا
## Urdu
### Etymology

Derived from سدھار (sudhār), which is from Sanskrit *शुद्धकार (śuddhakāra, “the act of purifying or removing errors”), from शुद्ध (śuddha) +‎ कार (kāra) (compare Sanskrit शुद्धीकरोति (śuddhīkaroti), from शुद्धीकृ (śuddhīkṛ, “to purify, to remove errors”, root), from शुद्ध (śuddha, adjective) + ईकृ (īkṛ, root form)). Cognate with Punjabi ਸੁਧਾਰਨਾ (sudhārnā) / سُدھارنا (sudhārnā), Nepali सुधार्नु (sudhārnu), Bengali শুধরানো (sudhranô), Odia ସୁଧାରିବା (sudhāribā), Gujarati સુધારવું (sudhārvũ), Marathi सुधारणे (sudhārṇe), Assamese শুধৰোৱা (xudhorüa).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /sʊ.d̪ʱɑːɾ.nɑː/

### Verb

سُدھارْنا • (sudhārnā) (Hindi spelling सुधारना)
* to improve, better
* to rectify, correct
* to fix

#### Conjugation

* Note: The second-person polite form آپ (āp) uses the third-person plural conjugation.

### References

* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*śuddhakāra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

### Further reading

* “سدھارنا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “سدهارنا”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “सुधारना”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
# चिलग़ोज़ा
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* चिल्गोज़ा (cilgozā)

### Etymology

* PIE word
* *kʷétwr̥dḱomt
Borrowed from Classical Persian چلغوزه (čilğōza) (compare Prakrit 𑀘𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (cilla)). Compare Punjabi ਚਿਲਗੋਜ਼ਾ (cilgozā) / چِلغوزَہ (cilġozah), Sindhi چلْغوزو / चिल्ग़ोज़ो.

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /t͡ʃɪl.ɣoː.zɑː/, [t͡ʃɪl.ɣoː.zäː], /t͡ʃɪl.ɡoː.d͡ʒɑː/, [t͡ʃɪl.ɡoː.d͡ʒäː]

### Noun

चिलग़ोज़ा • (cilġozā) m (Urdu spelling چِلْغوزَہ)
* chilgoza (Pinus gerardiana)

### Further reading

* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “चिलगोजा”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “चिलग़ोज़ा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 319
* “चिल्ग़ोज़ा”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
# ekraan
## Estonian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian экра́н (ekrán), from French écran, from Old French escran.
* Probably from Middle Dutch scherm, from Old Dutch *skirm, from Proto-West Germanic *skirmi, from Proto-Germanic *skirmiz (“fur, shelter, covering, screen”) (compare Dutch scherm (“screen”), German Schirm (“screen”)). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut, divide”).
* Alternatively from Middle High German schranc, compare German Schrank (“cupboard”), Schranke (“fence”) (from Proto-Germanic *skrankaz (“barrier”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ekˈrɑːn/, [ekˈrɑːn]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑːn
* Hyphenation: ek‧raan

### Noun

ekraan (genitive ekraani, partitive ekraani)
* screen; display
** A surface that reflects, converts or absorbs light for visible output, usually as a part of a device.
    puuteekraan ― touch screen
    viietollise ekraaniga telefon ― five-inch screen phone
    radariekraan ― radar display
    mobiiliekraan ― phone screen
*** A surface for displaying movies in a movie theater.
    Synonyms: filmilina, kinolina, kinoekraan
** A physical divider/surface that protects and shields from light, noise etc.
    gaasiballooni kuumenemise eest kaitsev ekraan ― a screen that protects from the heat of the gas cylinder
    Synonym: kaitseekraan
** (technology, engineering) A surface for reflecting sound waves.
    akustiline ekraan ― acoustic screen
* (mathematics) projection plain

#### Synonyms

* (cinema screen): filmilina, kinolina, kinoekraan
* (protective surface): kaitseekraan

#### Derived terms

* ekraniseerima
** ekraniseerija
** ekraniseerimine
** ekraniseering

#### Compounds

* arvutiekraan
* kinoekraan
* kuvariekraan
* laiekraan
* mattekraan
* panoraamekraan
* plasmaekraan
* puuteekraan
* radariekraan
* ringekraan
* suurendusekraan
* teleekraan
* teleriekraan
* televiisoriekraan
* ekraanikaitse
* ekraanipilt
* ekraaniteos
* ekraanitõmmis

### References

* ekraan in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
# Доржо
## Buryat
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Mongolian ᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ (dorǰi), from Classical Tibetan རྡོ་རྗེ (rdo rje).
Compare also Kalmyk Дорҗ (Dorj), Tuvan Доржу (Dorju); and Mongolian Дорж (Dorž).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔr.ʒɔ/, [dɔ̟r.ʒɜ]
* Hyphenation: Дор‧жо

### Proper noun

Доржо • (Doržo)
* a male given name, Dorzho, from Tibetan, meaning “vajra”

#### Declension

This proper noun needs an inflection-table template.

### See also

* Доржиев (Doržijev), Доржиева (Doržijeva)
* Ошор (Ošor, a synonymous given name from Sanskrit)
# төрөөбүт
## Yakut
### Etymology

From төрөө (töröö, “to give birth; to be born”, stem) +‎ -бүт (-büt).
Compare also Mongolian төрсөн (törsön).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tø.ɾøː.byt/, [tø̞.ɾø̞ː.by˕t]

### Verb

төрөөбүт • (törööbüt)
* past participle of төрөө (töröö, “to give birth; to be born”, affirmative stem)
* third-person singular past evidential of төрөө

### Adjective

төрөөбүт • (törööbüt)
* born

#### Derived terms

* төрөөбүт дойду (törööbüt doydu, “homeland”)
* төрөөбүт күн (törööbüt kün, “birthday”)
# уолгар
## Yakut
### Etymology

Compare Tuvan оолуңга (ooluñga), Kazakh ұлыңа (ūlyña), Turkish oğluna, etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /u͡ol.ɡaɾ/
* Hyphenation: уол‧гар

### Noun

уолгар • (uolgar)
* dative/lative/locative of уолуҥ (uoluñ, “your boy; your son”, possessed by the second person singular)
# भांडवल
## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘥𑘰𑘽𑘚𑘪𑘩 (bhāṃḍavala). Compare Konkani भांडवल (bhāṇḍval) / bhanddvol, Kannada ಬಂಡವಾಳ (baṇḍavāḷa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʱaɳ.ɖə.ʋəl/

### Noun

भांडवल • (bhāṇḍval) n
* (business, finance) capital

#### Derived terms

* भांडवल करणे (bhāṇḍval karṇe, “to make capital out of”)
* भांडवलशाही (bhāṇḍvalśāhī, “capitalism, capitalist”)

### Further reading

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “भांडवल”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary‎, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, page 109
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “भांडवल”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, page 609
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “भांडवल”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ), page 2354.
# खटला
## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Kannada ಕಟ್ಟಳೆ (kaṭṭaḷe), from ಕಟ್ಟ (kaṭṭa) +‎ ಅಳೆ (aḷe). Compare Konkani खटलो (khaṭlo) / khottlo, Gujarati ખટલો (khaṭlo).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰəʈ.la/

### Noun

खटला • (khaṭlā) m
* lawsuit
    Synonym: फिर्याद (phiryād)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “खटला”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary‎, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, page 30
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “खटला”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, page 191
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “खटला-लें”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ), page 823.
# 𐨀𐨬𐨣
## Niya Prakrit
### Etymology

Exact etymology unknown. 2 possibilities:
* Borrowed from Iranian; compare Old Persian [script needed] (a-v-h-n-m /⁠āvahanam⁠/, “village”), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾwbʾhnl /⁠āwahan⁠/, “fortified place, stronghold”), Old Armenian աւան (awan) (whence Armenian ավան (avan)).
* Inherited from Sanskrit आपण (āpaṇa), with semantic extension from “market” > “market town” > “[any] town, village”.

### Noun

𐨀𐨬𐨣 (avana)
* village; parish

### References

* Baums, Stefan, Glass, Andrew (2002–) “avana”, in A Dictionary of Gandhari‎
* Burrow, Thomas (1937) The Language of the Kharosthi Documents from Chinese Turkestan, London: Cambridge University Press, page 77
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “āpaṇá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 54
# ओथंबणे
## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀉𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀁𑀪𑀺𑀅 / उत्थंभिअ / ಉತ್ಥಂಭಿಅ (utthaṃbhia, past participle) (compare Pali upatthambheti, Old Marathi 𑘌𑘞𑘽𑘤 (othaṃba)), from Sanskrit उपस्तम्भयति (upastambhayati) (compare उपस्तभ्नाति (upastabhnāti)).

### Pronunciation

* (formal) IPA: /o.t̪ʰəm.bə.ɳe/
* (colloquial) IPA: /o.t̪ʰəm.bə.ɳə/
* Hyphenation: ओ‧थंब‧णे

### Verb

ओथंबणे • (othambṇe) (intransitive)
* to sag, hang down from weight

### Further reading

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “ओथंबणे”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary‎, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, page 18
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “ओथंबणें”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, page 120
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “ओथंबणें”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ), page 486.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “upastambha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 106
# Ага
## Buryat

Alternative scripts :
| Classical Mongolian | ᠠᠭᠤ aɣu |
| Latin (1931–1936)$^a$ | Aga |
| Latin (1937–1939)$^b$ | Aga |
| Cyrillic | Ага Aga |
| $^a$ Based on the southern Tsongol–Sartul dialect. $^b$ Based on the eastern Khori dialect. ||

### Etymology

Compare Khamnigan Mongol Ага (Aga), Агу (Agu); Manchu ᠠᡤᡡ (agū), Mandarin 阿古 (Āgǔ); Russian Ага́ (Agá).

### Pronunciation

* (Khori) IPA: /ä.ɢä/, [ä.ʁɐ]
* Hyphenation: А‧га

### Proper noun

Ага • (Aga)
* the Aga (a river in Trans-Baikal Territory, Russia)
* Aginskoe (an urban-type settlement in Trans-Baikal Territory, Russia)

#### Declension

This proper noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* Агын аймаг (Agyn ajmag)
* Агын Буряадай автономито тойрог (Agyn Burjaadaj avtonomito tojrog)
* Агын Буряадай тойрог (Agyn Burjaadaj tojrog)
# Deois
## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Δηωΐς (Dēōḯs), a synonym for Ancient Greek Περσεφόνη (Persephónē), the Greek counterpart of Roman Proserpina.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /deːˈoː.iːs/, [d̪eːˈoːiːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /deˈo.is/, [d̪eˈɔːis]

### Proper noun

Dēōīs f sg (genitive Dēōidis); third declension
* (Roman mythology) Synonym of Prōserpina (Roman goddess)

#### Declension

Third-declension noun, singular only.

### References

* “Deois”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* Deois in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# евой
## Russian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
First attested as евымъ (jevym, n.Isg) in 1661.02.25 in letter from Иван Гебдон (Івашко Гебдонъ) to Ю. И. Ромодановский.
Compare их (ix), ихий (ixij) and Czech jí, její.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [(j)ɪˈvoj]

### Adjective

ево́й • (jevój)
* (dialectal) his
    Synonyms: его (jevo), еговый (jegovyj), егоный (jegonyj), егойный (jegojnyj)

#### Inflection
### References

* ↑ Гурляндъ, И. Я. (1904) “Иванъ Гебдонъ. Коммиссаріусъ и резидентъ. (Матерьялы по исторіи администраціи Московскаго государства второй половины XVII вѣка)”, in Временникъ Демидовскаго Юридическаго Лицея, volume 89, Yaroslavl: Типографія Губернскаго Правленія, pages 74, 15, line -14: “То ему, великому государю, обнадежи, что я евымъ государевымъ дѣломъ стану дѣлать истинную правду, какъ у руки былъ у него, у великого государя”

### Further reading

* Филин, Ф. П., editor (1972), “ево́й”, in Slovarʹ russkix narodnyx govorov [Dictionary of Russian Dialects] (in Russian), volume 8, Leningrad: Nauka, Leningrad branch, page 312
* Barkhudarov, S. G., editor (1978), “евый”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.] (in Russian), issue 5 (е – зинутие), Moscow: Nauka, page 13
# мугалим
## Kyrgyz
### Etymology

From Classical Persian مُعَلِّم (muʿallim), from Arabic مُعَلِّم (muʕallim).
Compare also Kazakh мұғалім (mūğalım) Nogai мугалим (mugalim), Uyghur مۇئەللىم (mu'ellim), Azerbaijani müəllim, Turkish muallim; Hausa mālàmī; etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mu.ʁɑ.lim/

### Noun

мугалим • (mugalim) (Arabic spelling مۇعالئم)
* teacher

#### Synonyms

* окутуучу (okutuucu)
# کوئی مسئلہ نہیں
## Urdu

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

### Etymology

Compare Gujarati કોઈ વાંધો નહીં (koī vā̃dho nahī̃), Marathi काही हरकत नाही (kāhī harkat nāhī).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /koː.iː mə.sə.lə nə.ɦĩː/

### Phrase

کوئِی مَسْئَلَہ نَہِیں • (koī masala nahī̃) (Hindi spelling कोई मसला नहीं)
* no worries; no problem; you're welcome
    Synonym: کوئِی بات نَہِیں (koī bāt nahī̃)
# बेशिस्त
## Marathi
### Etymology

From बे- (be-) +‎ शिस्त (śista).
Compare Konkani बेशिस्त (beśista) / bexist, Gujarati બેશિસ્ત (beśist).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /be.ɕis.t̪ə/
* Hyphenation: बे‧शिस्‧त, बे‧शि‧स्त
* Rhymes: -ə

### Adjective

बेशिस्त • (beśista) (indeclinable)
* undisciplined, unruly, uncontrolled, disorderly
    Synonyms: अनियमित (aniyamit), अनियंत्रित (aniyantrit), अव्यवस्थित (avyavasthit), गैरशिस्त (gairśista), विस्कळीत (viskaḷīt)

### Noun

बेशिस्त • (beśista) f
* disorder, chaos, anarchy, indiscipline
    Synonyms: अव्यवस्था (avyavasthā), अंदाधुंदी (andādhundī), गोंधळ (gondhaḷ), नियमभंग (niyambhaṅga), शिस्तभंग (śistabhaṅga)
    Antonym: शिस्त (śista)

### Further reading

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “बेशिस्त”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary‎, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, page 105
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “बेशिस्त”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, page 591
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “बे”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ), page 2300.
# mardona
## Uzbek
### Etymology

Inherited from Chagatai [Term?], from Classical Persian مردانه (mardāna). Compare Tajik мардона (mardona, “manly, masculine”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mær.d̪ɒ̝.næ]
* Hyphenation: mar‧do‧na

### Adjective

mardona (comparative mardonaroq, superlative eng mardona)
* manly, masculine
** 1992, “Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining Davlat madhiyasi [State Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan]”, Abdulla Oripov (lyrics), Mutal Burhonov (music):Oltin bu vodiylar — jon Oʻzbekiston, Ajdodlar mardona ruhi senga yor!These golden valleys – dear Uzbekistan, Manly spirit of ancestors is companion to you!

#### Declension

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
# Кэрэ
## Khamnigan Mongol
### Etymology

Compare Manchu ᡴᡝᡵᡝ (kere), Russian Кыра́ (Kyrá).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
* Hyphenation: Кэ‧рэ

### Proper noun

Кэрэ (transliteration needed)
* the Kyra (a river in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia and Dornod Aimag, Mongolia)
* Kyra (a selo in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia)

#### Declension

This proper noun needs an inflection-table template.
# 뽐프
## Korean
### Etymology

From Japanese ポンプ.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [p͈o̞mpʰɯ]
* Phonetic hangul: [뽐프]

### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 펌프 (peompeu) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 뽐프 (ppompeu) |
뽐프 • (ppompeu)
* (North Korea) pump (device for moving liquid or gas)
# 苃

| 苃 | U+82C3, &#33475; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82C3 |
| ← 苂 [U+82C2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 苄 → [U+82C4] |

## Translingual
### Han character

苃 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿大水 (TKE), four-corner 4444$_7$, composition ⿱艹友)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1022, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30765
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3179, character 9
* Unihan data for U+82C3

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 軷 | *boːds, *boːd |
| 韍 | *bruds, *pud |
| 祓 | *pods, *pʰud |
| 蛂 | *blɯːd |
| 拔 | *bruːd, *boːd, *bod |
| 菝 | *bruːd, *boːd |
| 袚 | *poːd |
| 茇 | *poːd |
| 盋 | *poːd |
| 帗 | *poːd, *pud |
| 跋 | *boːd |
| 魃 | *boːd |
| 䣮 | *boːd |
| 馛 | *boːd |
| 炦 | *boːd |
| 颰 | *boːd, *pod |
| 妭 | *boːd |
| 犮 | *boːd |
| 胈 | *boːd |
| 鈸 | *boːd |
| 苃 | *boːd |
| 坺 | *boːd, *bod |
| 髮 | *pod |
| 冹 | *pod, *pud |
| 瞂 | *bod |
| 紱 | *pud |
| 黻 | *pud |
| 翇 | *pud |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǒu (you$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǒu
*** Wade–Giles: yu$^3$
*** Yale: yǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeou
*** Palladius: ю (ju)
*** Sinological IPA : /joʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*boːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 苃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 148 |
| Phonetic component | 犮 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 跋 |
| Old Chinese | /*boːd/ |

### Definitions

苃
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a kind of grass
# skalpiérz
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Podegrodzie) IPA: /ˈskal.pjeʂ/

### Noun

skalpiérz m inan
* (Sącz Lach) Alternative form of szkaplerz

### Further reading

* Karol Mátyás (1891) “skalpiérz”, in “Słowniczek gwary ludu zamieszkującego wschodnio-południową najbliższą okolicę Nowego Sącza”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 4, Kraków: Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, page 329
# Матвей
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* Matviej — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [matˈvʲej]

### Proper noun

Матве́й • (Matvjéj) m pers (genitive Матве́я, nominative plural Матве́і, genitive plural Матве́яў)
* a male given name, Matvey, from Hebrew, equivalent to English Matthew

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

#### Derived terms

* (Diminutives): Мотя (Mótja)
* Матук (Matuk)
* Мацісь (Macisʹ)
* Матыс (Matys)
* Матыяш (Matyjaš)

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* Матѳе́й (Matféj) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
* Матвѣ́й (Matvě́j) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
* Матфе́й (Matféj)

### Etymology

From Матфе́й (Matféj), from Ancient Greek Ματθαῖος (Matthaîos), from Hebrew מַתִּתְיָהוּ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mɐtˈvʲej]

### Proper noun

Матве́й • (Matvéj) m anim (genitive Матве́я, nominative plural Матве́и, genitive plural Матве́ев)
* a male given name, Matvey, from Hebrew, equivalent to English Matthew