# 樸

| 樸 | U+6A38, &#27192; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A38 |
| ← 樷 [U+6A37] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 樹 → [U+6A39] |

## Translingual
### Han character

樸 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木廿金人 (DTCO), four-corner 4293$_4$, composition ⿰木菐)

#### Derived characters

* 𡃾, 𤒊

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 551, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15495
* Dae Jaweon: page 940, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1291, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6A38

## Chinese

* Pu (Daoism) (English)

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 樸 | *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ |
| 璞 | *pʰroːɡ |
| 墣 | *pʰroːɡ, *pʰoːɡ |
| 撲 | *broːɡ, *pʰoːɡ |
| 轐 | *poːɡ, *buːɡ |
| 獛 | *poːɡ |
| 蹼 | *poːɡ |
| 襆 | *poːɡ, *boɡ |
| 濮 | *poːɡ |
| 纀 | *poːɡ |
| 醭 | *pʰoːɡ |
| 僕 | *boːɡ, *buːɡ |
| 菐 | *boːɡ, *puɡ |
| 穙 | *boːɡ |
| 鏷 | *buːɡ |
| 幞 | *boɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *baː, *pʰroːɡ, *poːɡ, *boːɡ): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 菐 (OC *boːɡ, *puɡ).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pǔ, pú
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˇ, ㄆㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pok$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phoh / phok
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pǔ
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^3$
*** Yale: pǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: puu
*** Palladius: пу (pu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pú
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pú
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^2$
*** Yale: pú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwu
*** Palladius: пу (pu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pok$^3$
*** Yale: pok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pog$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔːk̚³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoh / phok
*** Tâi-lô: phoh / phok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoiq, phog
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰoʔ³²/, /pʰɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰoʔ⁵/, /pʰɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰoʔ³²/, /pʰɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰoʔ³²/, /pʰɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤʔ³²/, /pʰɔk̚³²/
* Middle Chinese: phaewk
Rime :
| Character | 樸 |
| Reading # | 4/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 覺 (10) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 匹角切 |
| Baxter | phaewk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰˠʌk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰᵚɔk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰaɨwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | po |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pok$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰˤrok/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰroːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 樸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | pǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ phæwk › |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰˁrok/ |
| English | unworked wood |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 樸 |
| Reading # | 2/4 |
| No. | 9881 |
| Phonetic component | 菐 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 璞 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰroːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

樸
* simple; plain; rough; unpolished
* sincere; honest

#### Compounds

* 儉樸 / 俭朴 (jiǎnpǔ)
* 反樸 / 反朴
* 古樸 / 古朴 (gǔpǔ)
* 抱樸 / 抱朴
* 拙樸 / 拙朴
* 抱素懷樸 / 抱素怀朴
* 敦樸 / 敦朴
* 斫雕為樸 / 斫雕为朴
* 斲琱為樸 / 斲雕为朴
* 斲雕為樸 / 斲雕为朴
* 樸厚 / 朴厚
* 樸學 / 朴学
* 樸實 / 朴实 (pǔshí)
* 樸實無華 / 朴实无华 (pǔshíwúhuá)
* 樸實頭 / 朴实头
* 樸拙 / 朴拙
* 樸父 / 朴父
* 樸直 / 朴直 (pǔzhí)
* 樸素 / 朴素 (pǔsù)
* 樸素無華 / 朴素无华
* 樸訥 / 朴讷
* 樸訥誠篤 / 朴讷诚笃
* 樸質 / 朴质 (pǔzhì)
* 樸質無華 / 朴质无华
* 樸鄙 / 朴鄙
* 樸重 / 朴重
* 樸野 / 朴野
* 樸鈍 / 朴钝
* 樸陋 / 朴陋
* 樸馬 / 朴马
* 樸魯 / 朴鲁
* 淳樸 / 淳朴 (chúnpǔ)
* 渾樸 / 浑朴 (húnpǔ)
* 渾樸自然 / 浑朴自然
* 簡樸 / 简朴 (jiǎnpǔ)
* 純樸 / 纯朴 (chúnpǔ)
* 誠樸 / 诚朴 (chéngpǔ)
* 質樸 / 质朴 (zhìpǔ)
* 還淳反樸 / 还淳反朴
* 還淳返樸 / 还淳返朴
* 郁樸

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pú (pu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): buk$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pho̍h
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pú
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pú
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^2$
*** Yale: pú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwu
*** Palladius: пу (pu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: buk$^6$
*** Yale: buhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: buk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʊk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pho̍h
*** Tâi-lô: pho̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoih
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰoʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰoʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰoʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰoʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤʔ⁴/
* Middle Chinese: puwk
Rime :
| Character | 樸 |
| Reading # | 3/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (3) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 博木切 |
| Baxter | puwk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /puk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /puk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /puk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pəwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /puk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /puk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /puk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | buk$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*poːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 樸 |
| Reading # | 3/4 |
| No. | 9885 |
| Phonetic component | 菐 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 卜 |
| Old Chinese | /*poːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

樸
* (archaic) a kind of oak
* (archaic) to stick; to adhere

#### Compounds

* 棫樸 / 棫朴
* 樸屬 / 朴属
* 樸桷 / 朴桷
* 樸椽 / 朴椽
* 樸樕 / 朴樕
* 樸遫 / 朴遫

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pú (pu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pou$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pú
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pú
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^2$
*** Yale: pú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwu
*** Palladius: пу (pu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pou$^4$
*** Yale: pòuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pou$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰou̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: bu
Rime :
| Character | 樸 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 薄胡切 |
| Baxter | bu |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /buo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /buo/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bo/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bɔ/ |
| Li Rong | /bo/ |
| Wang Li | /bu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱuo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pou$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*baː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 樸 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| No. | 9879 |
| Phonetic component | 菐 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 酺 |
| Old Chinese | /*baː/ |

#### Definitions

樸
* Only used in 樸𠟼／朴𠟼.

### Pronunciation 4

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bú (bu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): buk$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bú
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bú
*** Wade–Giles: pu$^2$
*** Yale: bú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bwu
*** Palladius: бу (bu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: buk$^6$
*** Yale: buhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: buk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʊk̚²/
* Middle Chinese: buwk
Rime :
| Character | 樸 |
| Reading # | 2/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (3) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 蒲木切 |
| Baxter | buwk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /buk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /buk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /buk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bəwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /buk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /buk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱuk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | buk$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*boːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 樸 |
| Reading # | 4/4 |
| No. | 9894 |
| Phonetic component | 菐 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 暴 |
| Old Chinese | /*boːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

樸
* (historical dictionaries only) dense (of trees)

### References

* “Query for 樸”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* unworked wood, bark of a tree
* sincere, honest

#### Readings

* Go-on: ほく (hoku)、ぼく (boku)
* Kan-on: はく (haku)、ほく (hoku)
* Kan’yō-on: ぼく (boku)
* Kun: きじ (kiji)、あらき (araki)、すなお (sunao)
* Nanori: しらき (shiraki)

## Korean
### Hanja

樸 • (bok, bak) (hangeul 복, 박, revised bok, bak, McCune–Reischauer pok, pak, Yale pok, pak)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

樸: Hán Nôm readings: phác, bốc
* sharpen, peel
* rough, crude