# 宛

| 宛 | U+5B9B, &#23451; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B9B |
| ← 定 [U+5B9A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 宜 → [U+5B9C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

宛 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 十弓戈山 (JNIU), four-corner 3021$_2$, composition ⿱宀夗)

#### Derived characters

* 倇, 啘, 埦, 婉, 𡸥, 帵, 𢏿, 惋, 捥, 涴, 𤟊, 𨺋, 晼, 椀, 㱧, 焥, 𤗍, 琬, 腕, 畹, 𤾂, 睕, 碗, 𬓅, 𥟶, 䘼, 𥺹, 綩, 䑱, 蜿, 䛷, 豌, 䝹, 踠, 𨉝, 䡝(𰺑), 𣫼, 鋺, 䩊, 䩩, 𩎺, 𩜌, 𬳞, 𩣵(𩧻), 䯛, 𩸩(𬶝), 黦
* 𮨯, 𮭼, 剜, 𡫦, 鵷(鹓), 𡮄, 菀, 箢, 𪂭, 𤷧, 𪋅, 𪂧, 惌, 𢮘, 𭾅, 䗕, 𧯳, 𩈱, 𩸪, 𪂦, 䵫

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 284, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7110
* Dae Jaweon: page 561, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 922, character 5
* Unihan data for U+5B9B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 涴 | *qoːls, *qoːn, *qonʔ |
| 埦 | *qoːn |
| 豌 | *qoːn |
| 剜 | *qoːn |
| 眢 | *qoːn, *qon |
| 蜿 | *qoːn, *qon, *qonʔ |
| 帵 | *qoːn |
| 碗 | *qoːnʔ |
| 椀 | *qoːnʔ |
| 盌 | *qoːnʔ |
| 腕 | *qoːns |
| 惋 | *qoːns |
| 捥 | *qoːns |
| 睕 | *qoːns, *qonʔ, *qoːd |
| 琬 | *qoːns, *qonʔ |
| 鴛 | *quːn, *qon |
| 鵷 | *qon |
| 惌 | *qon, *qonʔ |
| 宛 | *qon, *qonʔ |
| 怨 | *qon, *qons |
| 葾 | *qon |
| 夗 | *qonʔ |
| 婉 | *qonʔ |
| 菀 | *qonʔ, *qud |
| 苑 | *qonʔ, *qons |
| 踠 | *qonʔ |
| 畹 | *qonʔ, *qons |
| 倇 | *qonʔ |
| 晼 | *qonʔ |
| 黦 | *qod, *qod, *qud |
| 焥 | *qoːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qon, *qonʔ): semantic 宀 + phonetic 夗 (OC *qonʔ).
His original meaning was perhaps linked to "house"; in ancient times, it was read as "館".

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wǎn (wan$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun$^2$ / wun$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): oán
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wǎn
*** Wade–Giles: wan$^3$
*** Yale: wǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woan
*** Palladius: вань (vanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /wän²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^2$ / wun$^2$
*** Yale: yún / wún
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^2$ / wun$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^2$ / wun$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn³⁵/, /wuːn³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oán
*** Tâi-lô: uán
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oarn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /uan⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /uan⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /uan⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: 'jwonX
Rime :
| Character | 宛 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於阮切 |
| Baxter | 'jwonX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔʉɐn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔʷiɐn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔiuɐn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔuan$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔiuɐn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭwɐn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔi̯wɐn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yuǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyun$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ʔ]o[r]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qonʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 宛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wǎn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjwon$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ʔ]o[r]ʔ/ |
| English | curved; to bend |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 宛 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 16297 |
| Phonetic component | 夗 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 婉 |
| Old Chinese | /*qonʔ/ |

#### Definitions

宛
* as if; seem
* crooked; winding
* a surname

#### Synonyms

* (as if):
* 不啻 (bùchì) (literary)
* 似 (ci$^5$) (Cantonese, Classical Chinese)
* 似乎 (sìhū)
* 似如 (si$^4$ y$^2$) (Xiang)
* 像 (xiàng)
* 像係 / 像系 (Hakka)
* 像是 (xiàngshì)
* 儼如 / 俨如 (yǎnrú) (literary)
* 儼然 / 俨然 (yǎnrán)
* 儼若 / 俨若 (yǎnruò) (literary)
* 勝如 / 胜如 ($^5$sen-zy) (Wu)
* 好似 (hǎosì)
* 好像 (hǎoxiàng)
* 如同 (rútóng)
* 好比 (hǎobǐ)
* 宛如 (wǎnrú) (literary)
* 宛然 (wǎnrán) (literary)
* 宛若 (wǎnruò) (literary)
* 就像 (jiùxiàng)
* 彷彿 / 仿佛 (fǎngfú)
* 忽如 (hūrú) (literary)
* 恍若 (huǎngruò)
* 敢若 (Hokkien)
* 敢若是 (Hokkien)
* 𣍐輸 / 𫧃输 (bē-su) (Hokkien)
* 有如 (yǒurú) (formal)
* 猶似 / 犹似 (yóusì) (literary)
* 猶像 / 犹像 (yóuxiàng) (literary)
* 猶如 / 犹如 (yóurú) (formal)
* 甲像 (Hokkien)
* 甲像是 (Hokkien)
* 甲親像 / 甲亲像 (Hokkien)
* 看上去 (kàn shàngqù)
* 看似 (kànsì)
* 看來 / 看来 (kànlái)
* 看樣子 / 看样子 (kànyàngzi)
* 看起來 / 看起来 (kànqilai)
* 若 (Classical Chinese, or compounds only)
* 若像 (Hokkien)
* 若親像 / 若亲像 (Hokkien)
* 表面上 (biǎomiànshang)
* 親像 / 亲像 (Hakka, Hokkien)
* 象 (xiàng)
* 貌似 (màosì)
* 賽可 / 赛可 (Ningbonese)
* 較像 / 较像 (Hokkien)
* 較像是 / 较像是 (Hokkien)
* 較親像 / 较亲像 (Hokkien)
* 顯得 / 显得 (xiǎnde)

#### Compounds

* 女宗宛在
* 委宛 (wěiwǎn)
* 宛丘
* 宛如 (wǎnrú)
* 宛妙
* 宛宛
* 宛延 (wǎnyán)
* 宛然 (wǎnrán)
* 宛若 (wǎnruò)
* 宛若游龍 / 宛若游龙
* 宛轉 / 宛转 (wǎnzhuǎn)
* 宛轉周折 / 宛转周折
* 小宛
* 立陶宛 (Lìtáowǎn)
* 聲容宛在 / 声容宛在
* 英風宛在 / 英风宛在
* 音容宛在

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuān (yuan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuān
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuan
*** Wade–Giles: yüan$^1$
*** Yale: ywān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iuan
*** Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^1$
*** Yale: yūn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'jwon
Rime :
| Character | 宛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於袁切 |
| Baxter | 'jwon |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔʉɐn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔʷiɐn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔiuɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔuan/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔiuɐn/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭwɐn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔi̯wɐn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yuān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyun$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qon/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 宛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 16284 |
| Phonetic component | 夗 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鴛 |
| Old Chinese | /*qon/ |

#### Definitions

宛
* (～縣) (historical) Yuan (a county of ancient China, established in the Qin dynasty)

#### Compounds

* 大宛 (Dàyuān)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǔn, yùn (yun$^3$, yun$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˇ, ㄩㄣˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǔn
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǔn
*** Wade–Giles: yün$^3$
*** Yale: yǔn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeun
*** Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /yn²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yùn
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yùn
*** Wade–Giles: yün$^4$
*** Yale: yùn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yunn
*** Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /yn⁵¹/

#### Definitions

宛
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 蘊 / 蕴 (“to accumulate”)

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yù (yu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yù
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yù
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^4$
*** Yale: yù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵¹/

#### Definitions

宛
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 鬱 / 郁 (yù, “to be pent-up”)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuè (yue$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄝˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuè
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuè
*** Wade–Giles: yüeh$^4$
*** Yale: ywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yueh
*** Palladius: юэ (jue)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

宛
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 黦 (“yellowish black”)

### Etymology 6

* For pronunciation and definitions of 宛 – see 豌. (This character is the second-round simplified form of 豌).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* address
* just like

#### Readings

* Go-on: おん (on)
* Kan-on: えん (en)
* Kun: あてる (ateru, 宛てる, Jōyō)、あたかも (atakamo, 宛も)、あて (ate, 宛)、ずつ (zutsu, 宛)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 宛
* えん Grade: S
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 宛 (MC 'jwonX).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ẽ̞ɴ]

#### Affix

宛(えん) • (en)
* as if; just like
* crooked; winding

##### Derived terms

* 宛然(えんぜん) (enzen)
* 宛転(えんてん) (enten)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 宛
* あて Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 宛 – see the following entry. :
| 【あて】 | [noun] aim; object; end [noun] hope; expectation; something to rely or depend upon [noun] pad; cushion; something added for protection [noun] snack to have with drink [suffix] 宛, 宛て: (addressed) to [suffix] (archaic) per Alternative spellings 当て, 宛て |
(This term, 宛, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

宛 • (wan, won) (hangeul 완, 원, revised wan, won, McCune–Reischauer wan, wŏn)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

宛: Hán Nôm readings: uyển, uốn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.