OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 湠

| 湠 | U+6E60, &#28256; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E60 |
| ← 湟 [U+6E5F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 湡 → [U+6E61] |

## Translingual
### Han character

湠 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水山一火 (EUMF), four-corner 3218$_9$, composition ⿰氵炭)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 637, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17851
* Dae Jaweon: page 1044, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1678, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6E60

## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tàn (tan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taan$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thàn
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tàn
*** Wade–Giles: tʻan$^4$
*** Yale: tàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tann
*** Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taan$^3$
*** Yale: taan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taan$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tan$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːn³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thàn
*** Tâi-lô: thàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: taxn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰan²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰan²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰan¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰan²¹/
* Middle Chinese: thanH
Rime :
| Character | 湠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 他旦切 |
| Baxter | thanH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taan$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːns/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 湠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12357 |
| Phonetic component | 炭 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 炭 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰaːns/ |

#### Definitions

湠
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) large body of water

#### Compounds

* 湠漫

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thòaⁿ
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: thuànn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tvoax
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰuã²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰuã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰuã²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰuã¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰuã²¹/

### Definitions

湠 (Southern Min)
* to spread; to extend
* to infect

#### Compounds

* 湠卵 (thòaⁿ-nn̄g)
* 湠囝 (thòaⁿ-kiáⁿ)
* 湠欉 (thòaⁿ-châng)
* 湠澹 (thòaⁿ-tâm)
* 湠種 / 湠种 (thòaⁿ-chéng)
* 湠草 (thòaⁿ-chháu)
* 湠開 / 湠开 (thòaⁿ--khui)
* 生湠 (seⁿ-thòaⁿ, siⁿ-thòaⁿ)
* 白湠 (pe̍h-thòaⁿ)

### References

* “湠”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* Taiwanese Online Character Dictionary (台語線頂字典)
# 炖

| 炖 | U+7096, &#28822; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7096 |
| ← 炕 [U+7095] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 炗 → [U+7097] |

## Translingual
### Han character

炖 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 火心山 (FPU), four-corner 9581$_7$, composition ⿰火屯)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 667, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18919
* Dae Jaweon: page 1076, character 29
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2191, character 12
* Unihan data for U+7096

## Chinese
### Etymology 1

* For pronunciation and definitions of 炖 – see 燉 (“to stew”). (This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 燉).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tún (tun$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄣˊ
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$then
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tún
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tún
*** Wade–Giles: tʻun$^2$
*** Yale: twún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twen
*** Palladius: тунь (tunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ən³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$then
*** MiniDict: then$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$then
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰən³⁴/

#### Definitions

炖
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) windy and flaming
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) red

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: どん (don)
* Kan-on: とん (ton)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

炖: Hán Nôm readings: đôn, đùn, don, đốn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation
* Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
* Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
* Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville
# 牮

| 牮 | U+726E, &#29294; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-726E |
| ← 牭 [U+726D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 牯 → [U+726F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

牮 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人心竹手 (OPHQ), four-corner 2350$_4$, composition ⿱代牛)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 699, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19979
* Dae Jaweon: page 1112, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1807, character 11
* Unihan data for U+726E

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiàn (jian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zin$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
*** Wade–Giles: chien$^4$
*** Yale: jyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
*** Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zin$^3$
*** Yale: jin
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzin$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːn³³/

### Definitions

牮
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to prop up obliquely
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to keep off water using mud and stone

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): せん (sen)
* Kun: つつぽり (tsutsupori)
# 牳

| 牳 | U+7273, &#29299; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7273 |
| ← 牲 [U+7272] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 牴 → [U+7274] |

## Translingual
### Han character

牳 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹手田卜戈 (HQWYI), four-corner 2755$_0$, composition ⿰牜母)
* cattle

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 700, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19987
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1808, character 10
* Unihan data for U+7273

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mǔ (mu$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mǔ
*** Wade–Giles: mu$^3$
*** Yale: mǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muu
*** Palladius: му (mu)
*** Sinological IPA : /mu²¹⁴/

### Definitions

牳
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) cattle; bovine
# 犉

| 犉 | U+7289, &#29321; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7289 |
| ← 犈 [U+7288] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 犊 → [U+728A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

犉 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹手卜口木 (HQYRD), four-corner 2054$_7$, composition ⿰牜享)
* an ox with yellow hair and black lips

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 702, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20062
* Dae Jaweon: page 1115, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1814, character 9
* Unihan data for U+7289

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 弴 | *tjuː, *tuːn |
| 敦 | *tuːl, *doːn, *tuːn, *tuːns |
| 錞 | *duːlʔ, *duːls, *djun |
| 憝 | *duːls |
| 憞 | *duːls |
| 譈 | *duːls |
| 鐓 | *duːls |
| 鷻 | *doːn |
| 鶉 | *doːn, *djun |
| 惇 | *tuːn, *tjun |
| 墩 | *tuːn |
| 驐 | *tuːn |
| 燉 | *tuːns, *tʰuːn, *duːn |
| 焞 | *tʰuːn, *djun |
| 啍 | *tʰuːn, *duːn |
| 暾 | *tʰuːn |
| 噋 | *tʰuːn, *kʰʷaːɡ |
| 諄 | *tjun, *tjuns |
| 埻 | *tjunʔ, *kʷaːɡ, *kʷreːɡ |
| 稕 | *tjuns |
| 醇 | *djun |
| 淳 | *djun |
| 犉 | *njun |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chún, rún (chun$^2$, run$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣˊ, ㄖㄨㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): seon$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chún
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chún
*** Wade–Giles: chʻun$^2$
*** Yale: chwún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwen
*** Palladius: чунь (čunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rún
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rún
*** Wade–Giles: jun$^2$
*** Yale: rwún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruen
*** Palladius: жунь (žunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐu̯ən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: seon$^4$
*** Yale: sèuhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soen$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sên$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɵn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: nywin
Rime :
| Character | 犉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 諄 (47) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 如勻切 |
| Baxter | nywin |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵiuɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵʷin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑjuen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵwin/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiuĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭuĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯uĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | rún |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jeon$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*njun/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 犉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2621 |
| Phonetic component | 敦 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*njun/ |

### Definitions

犉
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) yellow cattle with black lips

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): じゅん (jun)、にん (nin)、ぜん (zen)、ねん (nen)
# 犔

| 犔 | U+7294, &#29332; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7294 |
| ← 犓 [U+7293] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 犕 → [U+7295] |

## Translingual
### Han character

犔 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹手人弓木 (HQOND), composition ⿰牜氣)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 703, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20117
* Dae Jaweon: page 1116, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1817, character 5
* Unihan data for U+7294

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 愾 | *kʰɯːds, *qʰɯds |
| 忾 | *qʰrɯl |
| 刏 | *kɯl, *ɡɯl, *kuːls |
| 汽 | *kʰɯds |
| 氣 | *kʰɯds, *qʰɯds |
| 气 | *kʰɯds |
| 忥 | *qʰɯds |
| 餼 | *qʰɯds |
| 鎎 | *qʰɯds |
| 熂 | *qʰɯds |
| 霼 | *qʰɯds |
| 犔 | *qʰɯds |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xì (xi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xì
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sì
*** Wade–Giles: hsi$^4$
*** Yale: syì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shih
*** Palladius: си (si)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: xj+jH
Rime :
| Character | 犔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 微 (20) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 許旣切 |
| Baxter | xj+jH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hɨi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hɨi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiəi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hɨj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /xiəi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭəi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xe̯i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hei$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰɯds/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 犔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10150 |
| Phonetic component | 气 |
| Rime group | 隊 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰɯds/ |

### Definitions

犔
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) illness of cattle
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) docile cattle
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) cattle feed
# 犙

| 犙 | U+7299, &#29337; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7299 |
| ← 犘 [U+7298] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 犚 → [U+729A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

犙 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹手戈戈竹 (HQIIH), composition ⿰牜參)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 703, character 33
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20143
* Dae Jaweon: page 1116, character 28
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1819, character 12
* Unihan data for U+7299

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 犙
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 篸 | *ʔsluːm, *ʔsluːms |
| 參 | *sʰluːm, *sʰluːms, *sloːm, *sʰrum, *srum |
| 驂 | *sʰluːm |
| 傪 | *sʰluːm, *sʰluːmʔ |
| 慘 | *sʰluːmʔ |
| 黲 | *sʰluːmʔ, *sʰloːmʔ |
| 謲 | *sʰluːms |
| 毿 | *sluːm |
| 蔘 | *sluːm, *srum |
| 犙 | *sluːm, *sru, *srɯu |
| 糝 | *sluːmʔ |
| 槮 | *sluːmʔ, *sʰrum, *srum, *srumʔ |
| 鬖 | *sloːm |
| 摻 | *sruːm, *sruːmʔ |
| 醦 | *sruːmʔ, *sʰrumʔ |
| 縿 | *sroːm |
| 穇 | *sroːm |
| 嵾 | *sʰrum |
| 磣 | *sʰrumʔ |
| 墋 | *sʰrumʔ |
| 曑 | *srum |
| 瘮 | *srumʔ |
| 滲 | *srums |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sān, sōu (san$^1$, sou$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄢ, ㄙㄡ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sān
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: san
*** Wade–Giles: san$^1$
*** Yale: sān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: san
*** Palladius: сань (sanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /sän⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sou
*** Wade–Giles: sou$^1$
*** Yale: sōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sou
*** Palladius: соу (sou)
*** Sinological IPA : /soʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: srjuw, sriw, som
Rime :
| Character | 犙 | 犙 | 犙 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 生 (21) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 幽 (138) | 覃 (159) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | I |
| Fanqie | 所鳩切 | 山幽切 | 蘇含切 |
| Baxter | srjuw | sriw | som |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃɨu/ | /ʃiɪu/ | /sʌm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃiu/ | /ʃɨu/ | /səm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃiəu/ | /ʃieu/ | /sɒm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂuw/ | /ʂjiw/ | /səm/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃiu/ | /ʃiĕu/ | /sᴀm/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃĭəu/ | /ʃiəu/ | /sɒm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂi̯ə̯u/ | /ʂieu/ | /săm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shōu | shōu | sān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sau$^1$ | sau$^1$ | saam$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sluːm/, /*sru/, /*srɯu/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 犙 | 犙 | 犙 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 1091 | 1115 | 1116 |
| Phonetic component | 參 | 參 | 參 |
| Rime group | 侵 | 幽 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 毿 | 𢯱 | 犙 |
| Old Chinese | /*sluːm/ | /*sru/ | /*srɯu/ |

### Definitions

犙
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) three-year-old cattle
# 犤

| 犤 | U+72A4, &#29348; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72A4 |
| ← 犣 [U+72A3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 犥 → [U+72A5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

犤 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+15, 19 strokes, cangjie input 竹手田中心 (HQWLP), four-corner 2651$_1$, composition ⿰牜罷)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 704, character 41
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20200
* Dae Jaweon: page 1117, character 27
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1821, character 7
* Unihan data for U+72A4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 擺 | *preːlʔ |
| 犤 | *breːl, *pral, *bral |
| 罷 | *breːlʔ, *bral, *bralʔ |
| 矲 | *breːlʔ |
| 羆 | *pral |
| 襬 | *pral, *pʰrals |
| 藣 | *pral, *prals |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pí, bái, bēi (pi$^2$, bai$^2$, bei$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˊ, ㄅㄞˊ, ㄅㄟ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pí
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pí
*** Wade–Giles: pʻi$^2$
*** Yale: pí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyi
*** Palladius: пи (pi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bái
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bái
*** Wade–Giles: pai$^2$
*** Yale: bái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bair
*** Palladius: бай (baj)
*** Sinological IPA : /paɪ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bēi
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bei
*** Wade–Giles: pei$^1$
*** Yale: bēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bei
*** Palladius: бэй (bɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /peɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: bje, bea
Rime :
| Character | 犤 | 犤 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (13) | 佳 (31) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II |
| Fanqie | 符羈切 | 薄佳切 |
| Baxter | bje | bea |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠiᴇ/ | /bˠɛ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚiɛ/ | /bᵚæ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biɛ/ | /bæi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bjiə̆/ | /baɨj/ |
| Li Rong | /bje/ | /bɛ/ |
| Wang Li | /bǐe/ | /bai/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱie̯/ | /bʱai/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pí | pái |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pei$^4$ | paai$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*breːl/, /*pral/, /*bral/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 犤 | 犤 | 犤 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 168 | 172 | 178 |
| Phonetic component | 罷 | 罷 | 罷 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 歌 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 牌 | 陂 | 皮 |
| Old Chinese | /*breːl/ | /*pral/ | /*bral/ |
| Notes | | 原從羆集韻以此爲正 | |

### Definitions

犤
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) small cattle with short legs
# ܒܡܬܚܐ ܕ-
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Alternative forms

* ܒܸܡܬ݂ܲܚ (bimṯaḥ)

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [bəmɪθ.xɑː‿də]
* (Urmia) IPA: [bəmɪt.xɑː‿də]

### Preposition

ܒܡܸܬ݂ܚܵܐ ܕ- • (b-miṯḥā d-)
* during, within, in the course of
    ܪܵܒܵܐ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܹ̈ܐ ܡܛܘܼܠܸܩ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܫܘܼܓ݂ܠܵܝ̈ܗܘܿܢ ܒܡܸܬ݂ܚܵܐ ܕܨܘܼܡܵܪܵܐ ܐܸܩܘܿܢܘܿܡܝܼܵܝܵܐ.rābā nāšē mṭūliq lhōn šuḡlāyhōn b-miṯḥā d-ṣummārā iqōnōmīyāyā.Many people lost their jobs during the economic recession.
* for
    ܥܡܝܼܪܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ ܒܡܸܬ݂ܚܵܐ ܕܬܠܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܝܲܪ̈ܚܹܐ.ˁmīrā ìwen laˀḵā b-miṯḥā d-tlāṯā yarḥē.I have lived here for three months.
    ܝܘܿܚܲܢܵܢ ܠܒ݂ܝܼܫ ܠܹܗ ܨܵܘܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ ܘܡܗܘܼܠܸܟ݂ ܠܹܗ ܒܡܸܬ݂ܚܵܐ ܕܬܲܪܬܹܝܢ ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ.yōḥannān lḇīš lēh ṣāwlūh w-mhūliḵ lēh b-miṯḥā d-tartēn šāˁē.John put on his shoes and walked for two hours.
* for the last, over the past
    ܥܒ݂ܝܼ̈ܕ݂ܹܐ ܝܢܵܐ ܬܲܫܪܵܪܹ̈ܐ ܥܲܠ ܐܲܝܟܲܢܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܐܵܫܘܿܪ̈ܵܝܹܐ ܒܡܸܬ݂ܚܵܐ ܕ ܕܐܸܡܵܐܐ ܫܸܢܹ̈ܐ.ˁḇīḏē ìnā tašrārē ˁal aykannāyūṯā d-āšōrāyē b-miṯḥā d- d-immāˀā šinnē.They have made reports on the situation of Assyrians over the last hundred years.

#### Usage notes

* (during): This is usually used for shorter periods of time, for longer periods of time ܒܙܲܒ݂ܢܵܐ (bzaḇnā) is used instead.
# 犹

| 犹 | U+72B9, &#29369; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72B9 |
| ← 犸 [U+72B8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 犺 → [U+72BA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

犹 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 大竹戈大山 (KHIKU), composition ⿰犭尤)

#### Derived characters

* 莸

#### Related characters

* 猶 (Traditional form of 犹)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 706, character 19
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20259
* Dae Jaweon: page 1119, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1335, character 7
* Unihan data for U+72B9

## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Glyph origin

Simplified from 猶 (酋 → 尤).

#### Definitions

* For pronunciation and definitions of 犹 – see 猶 (“a kind of monkey; suspicious; hesitant; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 猶).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yòu (you$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yòu
*** Wade–Giles: yu$^4$
*** Yale: yòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yow
*** Palladius: ю (ju)
*** Sinological IPA : /joʊ̯⁵¹/

##### Definitions

犹
* (historical dictionaries only) name of beast

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yóu (you$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yóu
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yóu
*** Wade–Giles: yu$^2$
*** Yale: yóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: you
*** Palladius: ю (ju)
*** Sinological IPA : /joʊ̯³⁵/

##### Definitions

犹
* (historical dictionaries only) sound of dog barking
* a surname, alternative form of 尤 (yóu)
* Alternative form of 猶 / 犹 (yóu)
* Alternative form of 猷 (yóu)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ゆう (yū)、よう (yō)
* Kun: なお (nao)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

犹: Hán Nôm readings: do
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation
# 狉

| 狉 | U+72C9, &#29385; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72C9 |
| ← 狈 [U+72C8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 狊 → [U+72CA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

狉 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大竹一火一 (KHMFM), four-corner 4121$_9$, composition ⿰犭丕)
* fox-cub

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 708, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20316
* Dae Jaweon: page 1120, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1339, character 4
* Unihan data for U+72C9

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pī (pi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pī
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pi
*** Wade–Giles: pʻi$^1$
*** Yale: pī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pi
*** Palladius: пи (pi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi⁵⁵/

### Definitions

狉
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to be teeming with wild animals
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Used in 狉獉 (“wilderness”).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 豾)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひ (hi)
* Kan-on: ひ (hi)
* Kun: こだぬき (kodanuki, 狉)

## Korean
### Hanja

狉 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.