# 歛

| 歛 | U+6B5B, &#27483; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B5B |
| ← 歚 [U+6B5A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 歜 → [U+6B5C] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 歛 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 㰸 |
| Simplified | 敛 |

### Han character

歛 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 人人弓人 (OONO), four-corner 8788$_2$, composition ⿰僉欠)

#### Derived characters

* 𡄥, 𡾴, 𢹦, 㶑, 𨰇, 蘝, 𣌋, 𤼏, 𪩪, 籨, 𤒡
* 𢌃 (Exception: Only for mainland China character form which contains ⿸广歛. Taiwan character form contains ⿰㢛欠 instead)

#### Related characters

* 斂 (Orthodox form of 歛)
* 敛 (Simplified form of 斂)
* 㰸 (Japanese extended shinjitai)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 572, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16210
* Dae Jaweon: page 960, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2152, character 12
* Unihan data for U+6B5B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 厱 | *raːm, *kʰreːm, *kʰlam |
| 歛 | *qʰlaːm |
| 臉 | *ɡ·reːmʔ, *skʰlam, *kramʔ |
| 醶 | *ɡr·reːmʔ, *skʰraːmʔ |
| 鹼 | *kreːmʔ, *skʰlam |
| 薟 | *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰram |
| 匳 | *ɡ·ram |
| 獫 | *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams, *qʰramʔ |
| 蘞 | *ɡ·ram, *ɡ·ramʔ, *qʰlam |
| 籢 | *ɡ·ram |
| 斂 | *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams |
| 瀲 | *ɡ·ramʔ, *ɡ·rams |
| 撿 | *ɡ·ramʔ, *kramʔ |
| 羷 | *ɡ·ramʔ |
| 殮 | *ɡ·rams |
| 簽 | *skʰlam |
| 僉 | *skʰlam |
| 憸 | *skʰlam, *skʰlamʔ, *sqʰlam, *qʰramʔ |
| 譣 | *skʰlam, *qʰramʔ |
| 檢 | *kramʔ |
| 瞼 | *kramʔ |
| 儉 | *ɡramʔ |
| 顩 | *ŋramʔ, *rlɯmʔ, *kʰrɯmʔ |
| 嬐 | *ŋramʔ |
| 嶮 | *ŋramʔ, *hŋramʔ |
| 噞 | *ŋramʔ, *ŋrams |
| 驗 | *ŋrams |
| 險 | *qʰramʔ |
| 劒 | *kams |
| 劍 | *kams |
| 𩏩 | *qʰam |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hān (han$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hān
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: han
*** Wade–Giles: han$^1$
*** Yale: hān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: han
*** Palladius: хань (xanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xän⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: xam
Rime :
| Character | 歛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 呼談切 |
| Baxter | xam |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hɑm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hɑm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xɑm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ham/ |
| Li Rong | /xɑm/ |
| Wang Li | /xɑm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xɑm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ham$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰlaːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 歛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10179 |
| Phonetic component | 僉 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 蚶 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰlaːm/ |

#### Definitions

歛
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to desire
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to give
* Alternative form of 𧵊

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 歛 – see 斂 (“to draw back; to fold back; to collect; etc.”). (This character is a variant traditional form of 斂).

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 㰸 |
| Kyūjitai | 歛 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 㰸)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かん (kan)、けん (ken)
* Kun: のぞむ (nozomu)、あたえる (ataeru)

## Korean
### Hanja

歛 • (geom) (hangeul 검, revised geom, McCune–Reischauer kŏm, Yale kem)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

歛: Hán Nôm readings: liễm, lém, lẹm, liệm, lẻm, lượm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation