# 鍵

| 鍵 | U+9375, &#37749; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9375 |
| ← 鍴 [U+9374] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鍶 → [U+9376] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鍵 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 金弓大手 (CNKQ), four-corner 8514$_0$, composition ⿰釒建)

#### Derived characters

* 𧃑

#### Descendants

* 键 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1315, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40654
* Dae Jaweon: page 1815, character 23
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4225, character 7
* Unihan data for U+9375

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 犍 | *ɡran, *kan |
| 騝 | *ɡran, *kan |
| 鍵 | *ɡran, *ɡranʔ, *ɡanʔ |
| 揵 | *ɡran, *kanʔ |
| 鞬 | *kan |
| 腱 | *kan, *ɡans |
| 湕 | *kanʔ |
| 建 | *kans |
| 旔 | *kans |
| 楗 | *ɡanʔ |
| 健 | *ɡans |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡran, *ɡranʔ, *ɡanʔ): semantic 釒 (“metal”) + phonetic 建 (OC *kans) – a metal key.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiàn (jian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gin$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): giông
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kiān / kiàn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): giang$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$ji
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
*** Wade–Giles: chien$^4$
*** Yale: jyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
*** Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gin$^6$
*** Yale: gihn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gin$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gin$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiːn²²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: giông
*** Sinological IPA : /kyɔŋ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiān
*** Tâi-lô: kiān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kien
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kiɛn²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛn⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɛn³³/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiàn
*** Tâi-lô: kiàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiexn
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɛn¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛn²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: giang$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiăng
*** Sinological IPA : /kiaŋ³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$ji
*** MiniDict: ji$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$jji
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑi²³/
* Middle Chinese: gjen, gjonX, gjenX
Rime :
| Character | 鍵 | 鍵 | 鍵 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 群 (30) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (79) | 元 (65) | 仙 (79) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 渠焉切 | 其偃切 | 其輦切 |
| Baxter | gjen | gjonX | gjenX |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiᴇn/ | /ɡɨɐn$^X$/ | /ɡˠiᴇn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚiɛn/ | /ɡiɐn$^X$/ | /ɡᵚiɛn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiæn/ | /ɡiɐn$^X$/ | /ɡiæn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gian/ | /gɨan$^X$/ | /gian$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjɛn/ | /ɡiɐn$^X$/ | /ɡjɛn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɛn/ | /ɡĭɐn$^X$/ | /ɡĭɛn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ɛn/ | /gɨ̯ɐn$^X$/ | /gi̯ɛn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qián | jiàn | jiàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kin$^4$ | gin$^6$ | gin$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡran/, /*ɡranʔ/, /*ɡanʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鍵 | 鍵 | 鍵 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 6211 | 6213 | 6222 |
| Phonetic component | 建 | 建 | 建 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 乾 | 件 | 寋 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡran/ | /*ɡranʔ/ | /*ɡanʔ/ |

### Definitions

鍵
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) door bolt, lock bolt
* (music) key (lever on a musical keyboard)
    琴鍵／琴键 ― qínjiàn ― key
* key (button on a typewriter or computer keyboard)
    空格鍵／空格键 ― kōnggé jiàn ― the Escape key
    9鍵拼音／9键拼音 ― jiǔjiàn pīnyīn ― 9-key pinyin (a way of pinyin using a 9-key keyboard)
* to type
* (chemistry) bond
    離子鍵／离子键 ― lízǐjiàn ― ionic bond
* (computing) key (value that uniquely identifies an entry in a container)

### Compounds

* 一鍵 / 一键 (yījiàn)
* 三鍵 / 三键 (sānjiàn)
* 二硫鍵 / 二硫键 (èrliújiàn)
* 共價鍵 / 共价键 (gòngjiàjiàn)
* 化學鍵 / 化学键 (huàxuéjiàn)
* 古鍵琴 / 古键琴 (gǔjiànqín)
* 單鍵 / 单键 (dānjiàn)
* 大鍵琴 / 大键琴 (dàjiànqín)
* 扃鍵 / 扃键
* 按鍵 / 按键 (ànjiàn)
* 氫鍵 / 氢键 (qīngjiàn)
* 白鍵 / 白键 (báijiàn)
* 筦鍵 / 筦键
* 肽鍵 / 肽键 (tàijiàn)
* 胜鍵
* 轉換鍵 / 转换键 (zhuǎnhuànjiàn)
* 鈐鍵 / 钤键
* 鍵屋 / 键屋
* 鍵盤 / 键盘 (jiànpán)
* 鍵盤樂器 / 键盘乐器 (jiànpán yuèqì)
* 關鍵 / 关键 (guānjiàn)
* 關鍵時刻 / 关键时刻
* 關鍵期 / 关键期
* 關鍵球 / 关键球
* 雙硫鍵 / 双硫键 (shuāngliújiàn)
* 雙鍵 / 双键 (shuāngjiàn)
* 離子鍵 / 离子键 (lízǐjiàn)
* 黑鍵 / 黑键 (hēijiàn)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ごん (gon)、げん (gen)
* Kan-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)
* Kun: かぎ (kagi, 鍵, Jōyō)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 鍵
* かぎ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 鑰

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かぎ [kàgíꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [ka̠ɡʲi]
** Homophone: 鉤

#### Noun

鍵(かぎ) • (kagi)
* key (tool for opening or locking something)
* key; clue (important fact for solving something)
* lock

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 鍵
* けん Grade: S
* on'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) けん [kéꜜǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [kẽ̞ɴ]
** Homophones: けん, 件, 見, 券, 妍, 県, 兼, 剣, 拳, 乾, 険, 嶮, 圏, 間, 腱, 権, 賢, 壎, 塤, 顕, 軒

#### Noun

鍵(けん) • (ken)
* (computing) key
* (music) key

##### Derived terms

* 鍵盤(けんばん) (kenban): keyboard
* 白鍵(はっけん) (hakken): white key
* 黒鍵(こっけん) (kokken): black key

#### See also

* 錠(じょう) (jō)

### References

* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 鍵 (MC gjen|gjonX). Recorded as Middle Korean 건〮 (kén) (Yale: ken) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 鍵 (eumhun 열쇠 건 (yeolsoe geon))
* hanja form of 건 (“key”)

#### Compounds

* 건반 (鍵盤, geonban, “(music) keyboard”)
* 관건 (關鍵, gwan'geon, “key element”)
* 백건 (白鍵, baekgeon, “white key (of a piano, etc.)”)
* 흑건 (黑鍵, heukgeon, “black key (of a piano, etc.)”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鍵: Hán Nôm readings: kiện
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.