OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# pꜣ-n-jpt
## Egyptian
### Etymology

From pꜣ (“the”) +‎ n(j) (“(one) of”) +‎ jpt (“Luxor, inner sanctum”), literally “the one of Luxor”.

### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed Late Egyptian) IPA: /pənəˈjoːpə/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /pɑ ɛn ipɛt/
** Conventional anglicization: pa-en-ipet

### Proper noun

m
* the month of Phaophi
* the festival of Phaophi

#### Coordinate terms

* ḏḥwtj
* pꜣ-n-jpt
* ḥwt-ḥr
* kꜣ-ḥr-kꜣ
* tꜣ-ꜥꜣbt
* pꜣ-n-pꜣ-mḫrw
* pꜣ-n-jmn-ḥtp
* pꜣ-n-rnn-wtt
* pꜣ-n-ḫnsw
* pꜣ-n-jnt
* jpj-jpj
* mswt-rꜥ

#### Descendants

* Bohairic Coptic: ⲡⲁⲱⲡⲓ (paōpi), ⲡⲁⲟⲡⲓ (paopi)
* Fayyumic Coptic: ⲡⲁⲁⲡⲓ (paapi)
* Sahidic Coptic: ⲡⲁⲟⲡⲉ (paope), ⲡⲁⲁⲡⲉ (paape), ⲡⲟⲟⲡⲉ (poope)
* → Ancient Greek: Φαωφί (Phaōphí), Παωφί (Paōphí)
** → English: Phaophi

### References

* “Pꜣ-n-Jp.t (lemma ID 58910)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 68.6
* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 109.
# pꜣ-n-pꜣ-mḫrw
## Egyptian
### Etymology

pꜣ +‎ n(j) +‎ pꜣ +‎ mḫrw, literally ‘the one of the censer’.

### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed Late Egyptian) IPA: /pə nə pə məˈχiːɾ/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /pɑ ɛn pɑ mɛxruː/
** Conventional anglicization: pa-en-pa-mekhru

### Proper noun

m
* the month of Mecheir

#### Coordinate terms

* ḏḥwtj
* pꜣ-n-jpt
* ḥwt-ḥr
* kꜣ-ḥr-kꜣ
* tꜣ-ꜥꜣbt
* pꜣ-n-pꜣ-mḫrw
* pꜣ-n-jmn-ḥtp
* pꜣ-n-rnn-wtt
* pꜣ-n-ḫnsw
* pꜣ-n-jnt
* jpj-jpj
* mswt-rꜥ

#### Descendants

* → Ancient Greek: Μεχείρ (Mekheír)
** → English: Mecheir
* Coptic: ⲙϣⲓⲣ (mšir), ⲙⲉϣⲓⲣ (mešir), ⲙⲉⲭⲓⲣ (mekhir)

### References

* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 109.
# nḥb-kꜣw
## Egyptian
### Etymology

nḥb +‎ kꜣw, plural of kꜣ, in a direct genitive construction, thus literally ‘Apportioner of kas’.

### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /nɛhɛb kɑuː/
** Conventional anglicization: neheb-kau

### Proper noun

m
* the month of Choiak

#### Coordinate terms

* tḫj
* mnḫt
* ẖnt-ḥwt-ḥr
* nḥb-kꜣw
* šf-bdt
* rkḥ-ꜥꜣ
* rkḥ-nḏs
* rnn-wtt
* ḫnsw
* ḫnt-ẖty-prtj
* jpt-ḥmt
* wp-rnpt

### References

* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 109.
# rkḥ-nḏs
## Egyptian
### Etymology

rkḥ (“fire, burning”) +‎ nḏs (“small”), thus literally ‘Small Burning’.

### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /rɛkɛh nɛd͡ʒɛs/
** Conventional anglicization: rekeh-nedjes

### Proper noun

m
* the month of Phamenoth

#### Coordinate terms

* tḫj
* mnḫt
* ẖnt-ḥwt-ḥr
* nḥb-kꜣw
* šf-bdt
* rkḥ-ꜥꜣ
* rkḥ-nḏs
* rnn-wtt
* ḫnsw
* ḫnt-ẖty-prtj
* jpt-ḥmt
* wp-rnpt

### References

* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 109.
# Bystrá
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbistraː]

### Proper noun

Bystrá f
* a female surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Bystrá”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# pharyngotremy
## English
### Etymology

pharyngo- +‎ -tremy meaning holes in the pharynx

### Noun

pharyngotremy (uncountable)
* (zoology) The condition of an animal in which the pharynx is perforated by gill slits.
# Borecký
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈborɛt͡skiː]

### Proper noun

Borecký m anim (female equivalent Borecká)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Borecký”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɔret͡skiː]

### Proper noun

Borecký m pers (female equivalent Borecká)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Borecký”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# Ďačovská
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɟat͡ʃɔvskaː]

### Proper noun

Ďačovská f
* a female surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Ďačovská”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# Žitňanská
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʒitɲanskaː]

### Proper noun

Žitňanská f
* a female surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Žitňanská”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# Závodská
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzaːvɔdskaː]

### Proper noun

Závodská f
* a female surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Závodská”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# attosecond
## English
### Etymology

From atto- +‎ second.

### Noun

attosecond (plural attoseconds)
* (metrology) An SI unit of time equal to 10$^{−18}$ seconds. Symbol: as
** 2011, Barry Allen, Superman 709‎:I can think at the speed of light, I can perceive events that last for less than an attosecond, I can run faster than time. What do I see when I run across the country, Superman? I see everything. And everyone.
** 2017, D. E. Rivas, A. Borot, D. E. Cardenas, G. Marcus, X. Gu, D. Herrmann, J. Xu, J. Tan, D. Kormin, G. Ma, W. Dallari, G. D. Tsakiris, I. B. Földes, S.-w. Chou, M. Weidman, B. Bergues, T. Wittmann, H. Schröder, P. Tzallas, D. Charalambidis, O. Razskazovskaya, V. Pervak, F. Krausz, L. Veisz, “Next Generation Driver for Attosecond and Laser-plasma Physics”, in Scientific Reports, volume 7, →DOI:The observation and manipulation of electron dynamics in matter call for attosecond light pulses, routinely available from high-order harmonic generation driven by few-femtosecond lasers.
** 2023 January 10, Adam Rogers, “Move over, megatons”, in Business Insider‎:Given the scales on which technology has operated in the first quarter of the 21st century, from lasers that flash for just a few attoseconds to the total amount of digital data in the world pushing past 160 zettabytes, it feels as if we may have let things lie for too long. I don't know if the future will have quettabit computer networks or rontometer-scale wormholes, but I'm pretty sure the large and small of it will be hella weird.

#### Synonyms

* as

#### Coordinate terms

* millennium
* century
* decade
* year
* month
* week
* day
* hour
* minute
* moment
* second
* millisecond
* microsecond
* nanosecond
* picosecond
* femtosecond
* attosecond
* zeptosecond
* yoctosecond

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* cottonades
# kobylích
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkobɪliːx]

### Adjective

kobylích
* genitive/locative plural of kobylí
# えいトちょうちょう
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of えいトちょうちょう – see the following entry. :
| 【嬰ト長調】 | [noun] (music) G-sharp major |
(This term, えいトちょうちょう (eitochōchō), is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# daftar cek-ricek
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of daftar +‎ cek +‎ ricek.

### Noun

daftar cek-ricek (plural daftar-daftar cek-ricek)
* (statistics) manual internal validation instrument for data collection results and data analysis results

### Further reading

* “daftar cek-ricek” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# codger
## English
### Alternative forms

* coger (obsolete)

### Etymology

Possibly derived from cadger (“hawker”). Or abbreviation of coffin dodger, but this is likely to be a folk etymology.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkɒd͡ʒə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American, Ireland) IPA: /ˈkɑd͡ʒəɹ/
* Rhymes: -ɒdʒə(ɹ)
* Hyphenation: cod‧ger

### Noun

codger (plural codgers)
* (informal) An amusingly eccentric or grumpy and usually elderly man.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:old man
** 2016, 27:21 from the start, in The Night Manager, season 1, episode 4, spoken by Richard "Dicky" Onslow Roper (Hugh Laurie):Jed, darling. The old codgers need to talk. Andrew's going to buy you a drink in that beautiful bar up on the terrace.
** 1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 418:Now I was a forsaken codger snuffling disgracefully from a beautiful floozy's abuse.
** 1839, Charles Dickens, Nicholas Nickleby:‘I haven’t been drinking your health, my codger,’ replied Mr. Squeers; ‘so you have nothing to do with that.’

#### Derived terms

* codgerhood
* codgerly
* codgy
* old codger

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Michael Quinion (1996–2025) “Cadge”, in World Wide Words.
# 頔

| 頔 | U+9814, &#38932; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9814 |
| ← 頓 [U+9813] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 頕 → [U+9815] |

## Translingual
### Han character

頔 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+5, 14 strokes, cangjie input 中田一月金 (LWMBC), composition ⿰由頁)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1401, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43391
* Dae Jaweon: page 1918, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4364, character 17
* Unihan data for U+9814

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 袖 | *ljɯwɢs |
| 岫 | *ljɯwɢs |
| 牰 | *ljɯwɢs, *lɯwɢs |
| 抽 | *l̥ʰɯw |
| 妯 | *l̥ʰɯw, *l'ɯwɢ |
| 紬 | *l'ɯw |
| 怞 | *l'ɯw |
| 鮋 | *l'ɯw, *ɦljɯw, *lɯw |
| 菗 | *rlɯw |
| 宙 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 胄 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 冑 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 伷 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 駎 | *l'ɯwɢs |
| 油 | *lɯw, *lɯwɢs |
| 由 | *lɯw |
| 蚰 | *lɯw |
| 秞 | *lɯw |
| 邮 | *lɯw |
| 釉 | *lɯwɢs |
| 柚 | *lɯwɢs, *l'ɯwɢ |
| 鼬 | *lɯwɢs |
| 苖 | *l'ɯːwɢ, *l̥ʰɯwɢ |
| 笛 | *l'ɯːwɢ |
| 迪 | *l'ɯːwɢ |
| 頔 | *l'ɯːwɢ |
| 軸 | *l'ɯwɢ |
| 舳 | *l'ɯwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'ɯːwɢ): phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw) + semantic 頁.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dí (di$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dik$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dí
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dí
*** Wade–Giles: ti$^2$
*** Yale: dí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dyi
*** Palladius: ди (di)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dik$^6$
*** Yale: dihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɪk̚²/
* Middle Chinese: dek
Rime :
| Character | 頔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 錫 (127) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 徒歷切 |
| Baxter | dek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dek̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dek̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɛk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dɛjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /dek̚/ |
| Wang Li | /diek̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱiek̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯːwɢ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 頔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15539 |
| Phonetic component | 由 |
| Rime group | 覺 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 荻 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'ɯːwɢ/ |

### Definitions

頔
* (historical dictionaries only) good; beautiful

#### Usage notes

Usually used in personal names.
* 于頔／于𬱖 ― Yú Dí ― Yu Di
* 馬頔／马𬱖 ― Mǎ Dí ― Ma Di

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): てき (teki)、じゃく (jaku)
* Kun: うつくしい (utsukushii)、よい (yoi)

## Korean
### Hanja

頔 (eumhun 음역자 적 (eumyeokja jeok))
* to be beautiful
* to be good; great; excellent
* personal name

#### References

* ↑ http://hanja.naver.com/search?query=%E9%A0%94 Naver Hanja Dictionary
# Իսրայել
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* Իսրայէլ (Israyēl) — traditional orthography

### Etymology

From Old Armenian Իսրայէլ (Israyēl).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /isɾɑˈjel/, [isɾɑjél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /isɾɑˈjel/, [isɾɑjél]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Proper noun

Իսրայել • (Israyel)
* Israel (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East, at the eastern shore of the Mediterranean)
* a male given name

#### Derived terms

* Իսրայելյան (Israyelyan)

### References

* Barseġyan, Hovhannes (2006) “Ašxarhagrakan anunneri hayeren taṙadarjutʻyan masin orošum [A Decision on Armenian Transcription of Geographic Names]”, in Terminabanakan ew uġġagrakan teġekatu [Terminological and Orthographic Reference Book]‎ (in Armenian), 6th edition, Yerevan: 9-rd hrashalik, →ISBN, page 50
# սխտոր
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* խստոր (xstor)

### Etymology

From Old Armenian սխտոր (sxtor), խստոր (xstor).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /səχˈtoɾ/, [səχtóɾ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /səχˈdoɾ/, [səχtóɾ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)
* Hyphenation: սըխ‧տոր

### Noun

սխտոր • (sxtor)
* garlic, Allium sativum

#### Derived terms

* արջասխտոր (arǰasxtor)

## Old Armenian
### Noun

սխտոր • (sxtor)
* (dialectal) Alternative form of խստոր (xstor)
# խնդրեմ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian խնդրեմ (xndrem, “I ask”).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /χəntʰˈɾem/, [χəntʰɾém]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /χəntˈɾem/, [χəntʰɾém]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Particle

խնդրեմ • (xndrem)
* please
    Synonym: (Western Armenian) հաճիս (hačis)
    փոխանցե՛ք, խնդրեմ, աղը ― pʻoxancʻékʻ, xndrem, aġə ― pass me the salt, please
    ասացե՛ք, խնդրեմ ― asacʻékʻ, xndrem ― tell me, please
* you're welcome, don't mention it, no problem
    — Շնորհակալություն։ — Խնդրե՛մ։— Šnorhakalutʻyun. — Xndrém.— Thank you. — You're welcome!

#### Related terms

* խնդրել (xndrel)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From խնդիր (xndir).

### Verb

խնդրեմ • (xndrem) (aorist indicative խնդրեցի)
* (transitive) to search for, to look for, to try to find; to seek, to try to acquire; to wish, to desire; to run after, to pursue
    խնդրել զանձն ուրուք ― xndrel zanjn urukʻ ― to seek one's life
    խնդրել զերեսս Աստուծոյ ― xndrel zeress Astucoy ― to seek God's face
    զշահս անձին եւեթ խնդրել ― zšahs anjin ewetʻ xndrel ― to have no other aim but self-interest
* (transitive) to ask questions, to be curious, to examine
* (transitive) to ask, to solicit, to implore; to ask from God by a prayer
* (transitive) to demand, to claim, to require
    զարիւն նորա ի ձեռաց քոց խնդրեսցից ― zariwn nora i jeṙacʻ kʻocʻ xndrescʻicʻ ― I will require his blood at your hands
    զքէնս վրիժուց խնդրել ― zkʻēns vrižucʻ xndrel ― to revenge one self, to be avenged
* (transitive) to ransack, to rummage

#### Conjugation

* rare

#### Descendants

* Armenian: խնդրել (xndrel)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “խնդրեմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “խնդրեմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# քաղաքացի
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian քաղաքացի (kʻałakʻacʻi).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kʰɑʁɑkʰɑˈt͡sʰi/, [kʰɑʁɑkʰɑt͡sʰí]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kɑʁɑkɑˈt͡si/, [kʰɑʁɑkʰɑt͡sʰí]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

քաղաքացի • (kʻaġakʻacʻi)
* citizen
* town dweller, city dweller
    Antonym: գյուղացի (gyuġacʻi)

#### Declension

*colloquial **dated

#### Derived terms

* երկքաղաքացի (erkkʻaġakʻacʻi)
* համաքաղաքացի (hamakʻaġakʻacʻi)
* քաղաքացիական (kʻaġakʻacʻiakan)
* քաղաքացիություն (kʻaġakʻacʻiutʻyun)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From քաղաք (kʻałakʻ) +‎ -ացի (-acʻi).

### Noun

քաղաքացի • (kʻałakʻacʻi)
* townsman, citizen
    քաղաքացիք ― kʻałakʻacʻikʻ ― towns-people, towns-folk

#### Descendants

* Armenian: քաղաքացի (kʻaġakʻacʻi)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “քաղաքացի”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “քաղաքացի”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# թագավոր
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* թագաւոր (tʻagawor) — traditional orthography
* թագվոր (tʻagvor) — dialectal

### Etymology

From Old Armenian թագաւոր (tʻagawor).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /tʰɑkʰɑˈvoɾ/, [tʰɑkʰɑvóɾ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /tɑkɑˈvoɾ/, [tʰɑkʰɑvóɾ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

թագավոր • (tʻagavor)
* king
    Synonym: արքա (arkʻa)
* (card games) king
* bridegroom (because he carries a crown during the wedding)

#### Related terms

* թագուհի (tʻaguhi)
# ազգություն
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* ազգութիւն (azgutʻiwn) — traditional orthography

### Etymology

From Old Armenian ազգութիւն (azgutʻiwn), from ազգ (azg) +‎ -ութիւն (-utʻiwn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑzɡuˈtʰjun/, [ɑzɡut͡sʰjún]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑskuˈtʏn/, [ɑskʰutʰʏ́n]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

ազգություն • (azgutʻyun)
* ethnic group; ethnicity
    Քիմ Քարդաշյանն ազգությամբ հայ է ― Kʻim Kʻardašyann azgutʻyamb hay ē ― Kim Kardashian is an ethnic Armenian
* (rare) nationality
    Synonym: քաղաքացիություն (kʻaġakʻacʻiutʻyun)

#### Usage notes

Corresponds well to the usage of Russian национа́льность (nacionálʹnostʹ).

#### Declension

*colloquial **dated
# խաղաղություն
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* խաղաղութիւն (xaġaġutʻiwn) — traditional orthography

### Etymology

From Old Armenian խաղաղութիւն (xałałutʻiwn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /χɑʁɑʁuˈtʰjun/, [χɑʁɑʁut͡sʰjún]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /χɑʁɑʁuˈtʏn/, [χɑʁɑʁutʰʏ́n]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

խաղաղություն • (xaġaġutʻyun)
* peace
* calm, calmness; quiet, tranquillity
* silence

#### Declension

*colloquial **dated

#### Related terms

* խաղաղ (xaġaġ)
# թագուհի
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian թագուհի (tʻaguhi).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /tʰɑkʰuˈhi/, [tʰɑkʰuhí]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /tɑkuˈhi/, [tʰɑkʰuhí]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

թագուհի • (tʻaguhi)
* queen
    ծաղիկների թագուհի ― caġikneri tʻaguhi ― queen of flowers (rose)
* (chess) queen

#### Declension
### See also

Chess pieces in Armenian · շախմատի խաղաքար (šaxmati xaġakʻar) (layout · text) :
| արքա (arkʻa) | թագուհի (tʻaguhi) | նավակ (navak) | փիղ (pʻiġ) | ձի (ji) | զինվոր (zinvor) |

## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* թագուրհի (tʻagurhi)

### Etymology

The original spelling is թագուրհի (tʻagurhi), borrowed wholly from Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *tāga-brθr̥yā, but the exact origin is undetermined. The first component is also found in թագ (tʻag), թագաւոր (tʻagawor). For the ending see -ուհի (-uhi).

### Noun

թագուհի • (tʻaguhi)
* queen
    Synonyms: արքայուհի (arkʻayuhi), բամբիշն (bambišn), դշխոյ (dšxoy), տիկնաց տիկին (tiknacʻ tikin), աշխարհատիկին (ašxarhatikin)

#### Derived terms

* թագուհութիւն (tʻaguhutʻiwn)
* թագուհւոյութիւն (tʻaguhwoyutʻiwn)

#### Related terms

* թագ (tʻag)
* թագաւոր (tʻagawor)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: թագուհի (tʻaguhi)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “թագուհի”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “թագուհի”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ġazarean, Ṙubēn (2006) “թագուհի”, in Grabari homanišneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Old Armenian Synonyms], Yerevan: University Press
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “թագ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
# հաղթանակ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* յաղթանակ (yaġtʻanak) — traditional orthography

### Etymology

From Old Armenian յաղթանակ (yałtʻanak).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /hɑχtʰɑˈnɑk/, [hɑχtʰɑnɑ́k]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /hɑχtɑˈnɑɡ/, [hɑχtʰɑnɑ́ɡ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

հաղթանակ • (haġtʻanak)
* victory; win
    Antonym: պարտություն (partutʻyun)
    տոնել հաղթանակը ― tonel haġtʻanakə ― to celebrate the victory
    հաղթանակ տանել ― haġtʻanak tanel ― to win

#### Related terms

* հաղթել (haġtʻel)
# լինել
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* ըլնել (əlnel) (dialectal)
* ըլլալ (əllal) — Western Armenian

### Etymology

From Old Armenian լինիմ (linim).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /liˈnel/, [linél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /liˈnel/, [linél]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Verb

լինել • (linel)
* to be, to exist
* to happen

#### Inflection

*colloquial this is a suppletive verb, meaning part of the conjugation is filled by unrelated forms, namely by the root եղ- (eġ-); see լինիմ (linim)
*colloquial this is a suppletive verb, meaning part of the conjugation is filled by unrelated forms, namely by the root եղ- (eġ-); see լինիմ (linim)
*colloquial this is a suppletive verb, meaning part of the conjugation is filled by unrelated forms, namely by the root եղ- (eġ-); see լինիմ (linim)
*colloquial this is a suppletive verb, meaning part of the conjugation is filled by unrelated forms, namely by the root եղ- (eġ-); see լինիմ (linim)

#### Synonyms

* (to be, exist): եմ (em), կամ (kam), (Western Armenian) ըլլալ (əllal), (dialectal) էղնել (ēġnel)

## Old Armenian
### Verb

լինել • (linel)
* infinitive of լինիմ (linim)
# անծանոթ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* անծանօթ (ancanōtʻ) — traditional orthography

### Etymology

From Old Armenian անծանօթ (ancanōtʻ).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑnt͡sɑˈnotʰ/, [ɑnt͡sɑnótʰ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑnd͡zɑˈnot/, [ɑnd͡zɑnótʰ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Adjective

անծանոթ • (ancanotʻ) (superlative ամենաանծանոթ)
* unfamiliar, unknown; unacquainted
    անծանոթ տեղանք ― ancanotʻ teġankʻ ― unfamiliar terrain

#### Declension
### Noun

անծանոթ • (ancanotʻ)
* stranger

#### Related terms

* ծանոթ (canotʻ)
# ծիծեռնակ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* ծիծառ (cicaṙ), ծիծեռ (ciceṙ)

### Etymology

From Old Armenian ծիծեռն (ciceṙn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /t͡sit͡serˈnɑk/, [t͡sit͡sernɑ́k]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /d͡zid͡zeɾˈnɑɡ/, [d͡zid͡zeɾnɑ́ɡ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

ծիծեռնակ • (ciceṙnak)
* swallow (bird)
# հարցնել
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian հարցանեմ (harcʻanem).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /hɑɾt͡sʰˈnel/, [hɑɾt͡sʰnél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /hɑɾt͡səˈnel/, [hɑɾt͡sʰənél]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Verb

հարցնել • (harcʻnel)
* to ask (somebody about something); to inquire (of somebody, about, after, for something)
    ձեզ եմ հարցնում ― jez em harcʻnum ― I ask you
* to ask (for), to want (to see); to desire to speak (to)
    ո՞վ է հարցնում ― o$^?$v ē harcʻnum ― who's calling?

#### Declension

*colloquial
*colloquial

#### Related terms

* հարց (harcʻ)
# պատրաստել
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian պատրաստեմ (patrastem).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /pɑtɾɑsˈtel/, [pɑtɾɑstél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /bɑdɾɑsˈdel/, [bɑdɾɑstél]

### Verb

պատրաստել • (patrastel)
* to prepare
* to make, manufacture, produce
    Synonyms: սարքել (sarkʻel), արտադրել (artadrel)
* to cook food
    Synonym: եփել (epʻel)

#### Inflection

*colloquial **dated
*colloquial **dated

## Old Armenian
### Verb

պատրաստել • (patrastel)
* infinitive of պատրաստեմ (patrastem)