# ding
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /dɪŋ/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪŋ

### Etymology 1

From Middle English dingen, dyngen (strong verb), from Old English *dingan (“to ding”), from Proto-West Germanic *dingwan, from Proto-Germanic *dingwaną (“to beat”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰen- (“to beat, push”).
Related to Old English denġan, denċġan (“to ding, knock, beat, strike”, weak verb) and Old Norse dengja (“to hammer”, weak verb); both from Proto-Germanic *dangijaną (“to beat, hammer, peen”), causative of *dingwaną.
Cognate with Icelandic dengja (“to hammer”), Swedish dänga (“to bang, beat”), Danish dænge (“to bang, beat”), German tengeln, dengeln (“to peen”).

#### Noun

ding (plural dings)
* (informal) Very minor damage caused by being struck; a small dent or chip.
** 1966, Bruce Brown, director, The Endless Summer:Mike hit the bottom and picked up a little ding on his head.
** 2007 September, “Ding Repairs”, BBC Wales, archived on 5 October 2014:
    If you surf regularly, then you're going to ding your board. Here's a rough guide on how to repair them... If the ding is on the rail, run tape across the ding conforming to the rail curve, leaving a gap to pour in resin and make sure it is sealed to prevent resin escaping and forming dribbles.
* (colloquial) A rejection.
    I just got my first ding letter.

##### Translations
#### Verb

ding (third-person singular simple present dings, present participle dinging, simple past dinged or (obsolete) dang, past participle dinged or (obsolete) dung)
* (transitive) To hit or strike.
* To dash; to throw violently.
** 1644, John Milton, Areopagitica; a Speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc’d Printing, to the Parlament of England, London: [s.n.], →OCLC:to ding the book a coit's distance from him
* (transitive) To inflict minor damage upon, especially by hitting or striking.
** 2007 September, “Ding Repairs”, BBC Wales, archived on 5 October 2014:
    If you surf regularly, then you're going to ding your board.
* (transitive, colloquial) To fire or reject.
    His top school dinged him last week.
* (transitive, colloquial) To deduct, as points, from (somebody), in the manner of a penalty; to penalize.
    My bank dinged me three bucks for using their competitor's ATM.
** 2015 August 7, Ron Lieber, “Bringing paternity leave into the mainstream [print version: Paid leave expands for fathers, but will there be any takers?, International New York Times, 10 August 2015, p. 14]”, in The New York Times‎:[…] [E]mployees don't feel like they're going to get dinged on performance reviews because they had the same goals as a guy who had been there all 12 months with no leave.
* (transitive, golf) To mishit (a golf ball).

##### Derived terms

* ding up

##### See also

* dingbat

### Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic. Compare ding-dong,

#### Noun

ding (plural dings)
* The high-pitched resonant sound of a bell.
* (colloquial, roleplaying games, especially video games) The act of levelling up.

##### Derived terms

* dingless

##### Translations
#### Verb

ding (third-person singular simple present dings, present participle dinging, simple past and past participle dinged)
* (intransitive) To make a high-pitched resonant sound like a bell.
** 1824, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], Tales of a Traveller, (please specify |part=1 to 4), Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea, […], →OCLC:The fretful tinkling of the convent bell evermore dinging among the mountain echoes.
** 1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:These were succeeded by anchor and chain-cable forges, where sledgehammers were dinging upon iron all day long.
* (transitive) To keep repeating; impress by reiteration, with reference to the monotonous striking of a bell.
** 1884, Oswald Crawfurd, English comic dramatists:If I'm to have any good, let it come of itself; not keep dinging it, dinging it into one so.
* (intransitive, colloquial, roleplaying games, especially video games) To level up.

##### Derived terms

* dinger

##### See also

* bud-bud-ding-ding
* ding-a-ling
* ding ding
* ding, ding, ding, we have a winner
* ding dong
* ding dong cart
* ding-dong ditch
* ding-dong theory
* dingthrift
* ring-a-ding

### Etymology 3

Romanized from Mandarin 鼎 (dǐng).

#### Alternative forms

* ting

#### Noun

ding (plural dings or ding)
* An ancient Chinese vessel with legs and a lid.

##### Translations
### Etymology 4

From Cantonese 丁 (ding$^1$).

#### Noun

ding (plural dings)
* (Hong Kong) An indigenous inhabitant of the New Territories entitled to the building a village house under the Small House Policy.

##### Derived terms

* ding right

### Etymology 5
#### Noun

ding (plural dings)
* (Western Australia, offensive, ethnic slur) an Italian person, specifically an Italian Australian

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch ding, from Old Dutch thinc, from Proto-Germanic *þingą.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

ding (plural dinge)
* thing
** 2016, “Dinge Raak Warm”, in Sal Jy Met My Dans?‎, performed by Kurt Darren, South Africa:Dinge raak warm, warm.Things are getting hot, hot.

## Cimbrian
### Etymology

From Middle High German ding, from Old High German thing, from Proto-West Germanic *þing (“appointment; meeting; matter”). Cognate with German Ding, English thing.

### Noun

ding n (plural dingar, diminutive dingale)
* (Sette Comuni) thing, object

#### Usage notes

Most often used in the diminutive.

#### Declension
### References

* “ding” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɪŋ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ding
* Rhymes: -ɪŋ

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch dinc, from Old Dutch thinc, from Proto-West Germanic *þing, from Proto-Germanic *þingą.

#### Noun

ding n (plural dingen, diminutive dingetje n)
* matter, thing
** 2006, Jeroen van Merwijk (lyrics and music), “Een Ding”, in Even Iemand Doodslaan:Waarom zijn al die dingen daar ineens maar neergezet? / Is er een dingenmotie aangenomen, of een dingenwet? / Dat in elke straat en elke laan voortaan een soort van ding moet staan? / Ik liep laatst over straat en ik zag 'n ding staanWhy did people put all these things in place all of a sudden? / Has a things motion been passed, or a law on things? / That every street and avenue should have some kind of thing in it from now on? / I was walking down the street the other day and I saw a thing standing around
* (historical) thing (popular assembly or judicial council in early Germanic society)

##### Derived terms

* dinges
* dingwoord
* onding
* rotding

##### Related terms

* dingen
* geding

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: ding
* Berbice Creole Dutch: dinggi
* Jersey Dutch: däng

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

ding
* inflection of dingen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dʲɪɲ(ɟ)/

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish ding (“wedge”). See Etymology 2 below.

#### Noun

ding f (genitive singular dinge, nominative plural dingeacha)
* wedge
* thickset person

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ding
dingeacha
vocative
a dhing
a dhingeacha
genitive
dinge
dingeacha
dative
ding
dingeacha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an ding
na dingeacha
genitive
na dinge
na ndingeacha
dative
leis an ding don ding
leis na dingeacha :

##### Alternative forms

* ging (Ulster)
* geinn, ginn (Galway)

##### Derived terms

* dingchruthach
* dingeach
* dingeán
* dingín

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish dingid (“press, force”), from Proto-Celtic *dingeti (“knead, form, press”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰinéǵʰti, nasal infix present of *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form”).

#### Verb

ding (present analytic dingeann, future analytic dingfidh, verbal noun dingeadh, past participle dingthe) (transitive)
* wedge; pack tightly, stuff
* make compact; knit, knead

##### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | dingim | dingeann tú; dingir$^†$ | dingeann sé, sí | dingimid | dingeann sibh | dingeann siad; dingid$^†$ | a dhingeann; a dhingeas / a ndingeann* | dingtear |
| indicative | past | dhing mé; dhingeas | dhing tú; dhingis | dhing sé, sí | dhingeamar; dhing muid | dhing sibh; dhingeabhair | dhing siad; dhingeadar | a dhing / ar dhing* | dingeadh |
| indicative | past habitual | dhinginn / ndinginn‡‡ | dhingteá / ndingteá‡‡ | dhingeadh sé, sí / ndingeadh sé, sí‡‡ | dhingimis; dhingeadh muid / ndingimis‡‡; ndingeadh muid‡‡ | dhingeadh sibh / ndingeadh sibh‡‡ | dhingidís; dhingeadh siad / ndingidís‡‡; ndingeadh siad‡‡ | a dhingeadh / a ndingeadh* | dhingtí / ndingtí‡‡ |
| future | future | dingfidh mé; dingfead | dingfidh tú; dingfir$^†$ | dingfidh sé, sí | dingfimid; dingfidh muid | dingfidh sibh | dingfidh siad; dingfid$^†$ | a dhingfidh; a dhingfeas / a ndingfidh* | dingfear |
| conditional | conditional | dhingfinn / ndingfinn‡‡ | dhingfeá / ndingfeá‡‡ | dhingfeadh sé, sí / ndingfeadh sé, sí‡‡ | dhingfimis; dhingfeadh muid / ndingfimis‡‡; ndingfeadh muid‡‡ | dhingfeadh sibh / ndingfeadh sibh‡‡ | dhingfidís; dhingfeadh siad / ndingfidís‡‡; ndingfeadh siad‡‡ | a dhingfeadh / a ndingfeadh* | dhingfí / ndingfí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go ndinge mé; go ndingead$^†$ | go ndinge tú; go ndingir$^†$ | go ndinge sé, sí | go ndingimid; go ndinge muid | go ndinge sibh | go ndinge siad; go ndingid$^†$ | — | go ndingtear |
| subjunctive | past | dá ndinginn | dá ndingteá | dá ndingeadh sé, sí | dá ndingimis; dá ndingeadh muid | dá ndingeadh sibh | dá ndingidís; dá ndingeadh siad | — | dá ndingtí |
| imperative | imperative | dingim | ding | dingeadh sé, sí | dingimis | dingigí; dingidh$^†$ | dingidís | — | dingtear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh |
| past participle | past participle | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

##### Derived terms

* dingire m (“wedging implement; light hammer”)

##### Related terms

* dingireacht f (“wedge-driving; tapping”)

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

ding f (genitive singular dinge, nominative plural dingeacha)
* dint

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ding
dingeacha
vocative
a dhing
a dhingeacha
genitive
dinge
dingeacha
dative
ding
dingeacha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an ding
na dingeacha
genitive
na dinge
na ndingeacha
dative
leis an ding don ding
leis na dingeacha :

#### Verb

ding (present analytic dingeann, future analytic dingfidh, verbal noun dingeadh, past participle dingthe)
* (transitive) dint

##### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | dingim | dingeann tú; dingir$^†$ | dingeann sé, sí | dingimid | dingeann sibh | dingeann siad; dingid$^†$ | a dhingeann; a dhingeas / a ndingeann* | dingtear |
| indicative | past | dhing mé; dhingeas | dhing tú; dhingis | dhing sé, sí | dhingeamar; dhing muid | dhing sibh; dhingeabhair | dhing siad; dhingeadar | a dhing / ar dhing* | dingeadh |
| indicative | past habitual | dhinginn / ndinginn‡‡ | dhingteá / ndingteá‡‡ | dhingeadh sé, sí / ndingeadh sé, sí‡‡ | dhingimis; dhingeadh muid / ndingimis‡‡; ndingeadh muid‡‡ | dhingeadh sibh / ndingeadh sibh‡‡ | dhingidís; dhingeadh siad / ndingidís‡‡; ndingeadh siad‡‡ | a dhingeadh / a ndingeadh* | dhingtí / ndingtí‡‡ |
| future | future | dingfidh mé; dingfead | dingfidh tú; dingfir$^†$ | dingfidh sé, sí | dingfimid; dingfidh muid | dingfidh sibh | dingfidh siad; dingfid$^†$ | a dhingfidh; a dhingfeas / a ndingfidh* | dingfear |
| conditional | conditional | dhingfinn / ndingfinn‡‡ | dhingfeá / ndingfeá‡‡ | dhingfeadh sé, sí / ndingfeadh sé, sí‡‡ | dhingfimis; dhingfeadh muid / ndingfimis‡‡; ndingfeadh muid‡‡ | dhingfeadh sibh / ndingfeadh sibh‡‡ | dhingfidís; dhingfeadh siad / ndingfidís‡‡; ndingfeadh siad‡‡ | a dhingfeadh / a ndingfeadh* | dhingfí / ndingfí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go ndinge mé; go ndingead$^†$ | go ndinge tú; go ndingir$^†$ | go ndinge sé, sí | go ndingimid; go ndinge muid | go ndinge sibh | go ndinge siad; go ndingid$^†$ | — | go ndingtear |
| subjunctive | past | dá ndinginn | dá ndingteá | dá ndingeadh sé, sí | dá ndingimis; dá ndingeadh muid | dá ndingeadh sibh | dá ndingidís; dá ndingeadh siad | — | dá ndingtí |
| imperative | imperative | dingim | ding | dingeadh sé, sí | dingimis | dingigí; dingidh$^†$ | dingidís | — | dingtear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh | dingeadh |
| past participle | past participle | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe | dingthe |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ding”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ding”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dingid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 85

## Iu Mien
### Etymology

From Chinese 釘 (MC teng).

### Noun

ding
* nail

## Mandarin
### Romanization

ding
* Nonstandard spelling of dīng.
* Nonstandard spelling of dǐng.
* Nonstandard spelling of dìng.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

## Middle English
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

ding
* Alternative form of dingen

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

ding
* Alternative form of digne

## Old High German
### Alternative forms

* dinc, dink, thing

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *þing.

### Noun

ding n
* thing, object
* matter, case

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: dinc
** Cimbrian: ding
** German: Ding
** Luxembourgish: Déngen
** Pennsylvania German: Ding

## Scots
### Etymology

Probably from Old Norse dengja (“to beat, thrash”). Cognate with Swedish dänga, Danish dænge.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɪŋ/

### Verb

ding (third-person singular simple present dings, present participle dingin, simple past dang, past participle dung)
* to beat, hit, strike
** Traditional, “Jock o Braidislee”:An he's awa tae the greenwood gane / Tae ding the dun deer doon.And he's gone away to the greenwood / To strike the dun deer down.
* to beat, excel, defeat
** 1817, Rob Roy, Walter Scott, II.3:‘Gude help him!—twa lines o' Davie Lindsay would ding a' he ever clerkit.’(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to dash, demolish, tear down
** 1960, “Freedom Come-All-Ye”‎performed by Hamish Henderson:An the black lad frae yont Nyanga dings the fell gallows o the burghers dounAnd the black lad from distant Nyanga tears the foul gallows of the bourgeois down.

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Tavringer Romani dinalo, dingalo (“crazy”), from Romani dinelo (“stupid, crazy”). Related to Sanskrit दीन (dīna, “weak”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɪŋ/
* Rhymes: -ɪŋ

### Adjective

ding (comparative mer ding, superlative mest ding)
* (colloquial) mad, crazy
** 1968, Peter Himmelstrand (lyrics and music), “Det börjar verka kärlek, banne mej”‎performed by Claes-Göran Hederström:Jag fattar ingenting / jag är väl lite ding.I just don’t get it / I guess I’m a little bit daft.

#### Usage notes

* The neuter form is usually avoided, compare rädd.

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

### References

* ding in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* ding in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* ding in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Gerd Carling (2005) “ding”, in Romani i svenskan: Storstadsslang och standardspråk, Stockholm: Carlsson, →ISBN, page 78

### Anagrams

* gnid

## West Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian thing, from Proto-West Germanic *þing. Cognates include Saterland Frisian Ding, Dutch ding and German Ding.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɪŋ/

### Noun

ding c (plural dingen)
* thing

### References

* “ding (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

## Zhuang
### Etymology

From Chinese 丁 (MC teng).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /tiŋ˨˦/
* Tone numbers: ding$^1$
* Hyphenation: ding

### Noun

ding (Sawndip form 丁, 1957–1982 spelling diŋ)
* the fourth of the ten heavenly stems

### See also

* (Chinese heavenly stems) diengan; gyap, iet, bingj, ding, fouh, geij, geng, sin, nyaemz, gveiq

## Zyphe
### Verb

ding
* to drink
* to be straight

### References

* Samson Alexander Lotven (2021) The Sound Systems of Zophei Dialects and Other Maraic Languages (Dissertation)‎