# cerebellum
## English
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin cerebellum, diminutive of cerebrum.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌsɛ.ɹɪˈbɛl.əm/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˌsɛɹ.əˈbɛl.əm/
* Rhymes: -ɛləm

### Noun

cerebellum (plural cerebellums or cerebella)
* (neuroanatomy) Part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. In humans it lies between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum and is formed of two lateral lobes and a median lobe. It plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance and posture.
    Synonym: parencephalon
    Holonym: hindbrain
** 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan, page 61:Although the cerebellum occupies just 10 per cent of the cranial cavity, it has more than half the brain’s neurons.

#### Derived terms

* archicerebellum
* cerebellar
* cerebellectomy
* cerebellic
* cerebellin
* cerebellitis
* cerebello-, cerebelli-, cerebell-
* cerebellotomy
* cerebellous
* cerebrocerebellum
* decerebellate
* hemicerebellum
* neocerebellum
* paleocerebellum
* spinocerebellum
* vestibulocerebellum

#### Related terms

* cerebrum

#### Translations
### References

* “cerebellum”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* “cerebellum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

## Latin
### Etymology

From cerebrum (“brain”) +‎ -lum (diminutive ending).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ke.reˈbel.lum/, [kɛrɛˈbɛlːʲʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /t͡ʃe.reˈbel.lum/, [t͡ʃereˈbɛlːum]

### Noun

cerebellum n (genitive cerebellī); second declension
* diminutive of cerebrum:
** (anatomy) a little brain
** the seat of senses, intellect
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

#### Inflection

Second-declension noun (neuter).

#### Derived terms

* cerebellāre

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: crier, crieru, criel, crielu
** Megleno-Romanian: criel
** Romanian: creier, creiel — Banat, rare, archaic, regional
* Dalmatian:
** carviale
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: ciarbeddu, ciarbellu, cerbellu
** Italian: cervello
** Sicilian: ciriveddu, cirveddu, cirbeddu
* North Italian:
** Friulian: cerviel, čurviel (alternative orthography)
** Lombard: servel, sarvel, hervel
** Piedmontese: sarvel, sarvele, survele
** Romansch: tscharvè
** Venetan: serveło, zerveło, çervèl, servèl, zhervèl, sarveło, çarvèl, zharvèl, cèlebro
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: cèrvél, cèrvèla
** Old French: cervel, cervele
*** Middle French: cerveau, cervel, cervelle
**** French: cerveau, cervelle
** Norman: chèrvé
** Walloon: cervea
* Occitano-Romance:
** Catalan: cervell
** Occitan: cervèl, cervèla
*** Limousin: cerveu
*** Provençal: cervèu
*** Vivaro-Alpine: cerveu
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: cherbeddu, cherveddu, cerveddu, cerbeddu (Campidanese)
* Borrowings:
** → Asturian: cerebelu
** → Catalan: cerebel
** → English: cerebellum
** → Galician: cerebelo
** → Greek: τσερβέλο (tservélo)
** → Italian: cerebello ⇒ cerebellare
** → Portuguese: cerebelo
** → Romanian: cerebel
** → Spanish: cerebelo

### References

* “cerebellum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* cerebellum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.