# πορφύρα
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* πορφύρρη (porphúrrhē) — Ionic

### Etymology

Traditionally derived from πορφύρω (porphúrō, “I redden”), itself related to φύρω (phúrō, “I mix”), Hittite 𒁍𒊒𒌓 (purut, “mud, soil”), Sanskrit भुरति (bhuráti, “have convulsions, sprawl”). However, Beekes does not dismiss a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the absence of connections in other Indo-European languages.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /por.pʰý.raː/ → /porˈɸy.ra/ → /porˈfi.ra/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /por.pʰý.raː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /porˈpʰy.ra/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /porˈɸy.ra/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /porˈfy.ra/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /porˈfi.ra/

### Noun

πορφῠ́ρᾱ • (porphŭ́rā) f (genitive πορφῠ́ρᾱς); first declension
* purple-fish (Hexaplex trunculus)
    Synonym: κᾰ́λχη (kắlkhē)
* a purple dye obtained from it
* (in the plural) cloths of purple
* purple stripe or other adornment of a garment

#### Derived terms

* ἁλιπόρφυρος (halipórphuros)
* ἐπιπόρφυρος (epipórphuros)
* ὁλοπόρφυρος (holopórphuros)
* παμπόρφυρος (pampórphuros)
* περιπόρφυρος (peripórphuros)
* πλᾰτῠπόρφῠρος (plătŭpórphŭros)
* πορφυράνθεμος (porphuránthemos)
* πορφυρεῖον (porphureîon)
* πορφύρεος (porphúreos)
* πορφυρεύς (porphureús)
* πορφυρευτής (porphureutḗs)
* πορφυρεύω (porphureúō)
* πορφυρίζω (porphurízō)
* πορφυρική (porphurikḗ)
* πορφύριον (porphúrion)
* πορφυρίς (porphurís)
* πορφυρίτης (porphurítēs)
* πορφυρῖτις (porphurîtis)
* πορφυρίων (porphuríōn)
* πορφυρόβαπτος (porphuróbaptos)
* πορφυροβάφος (porphurobáphos)
* πορφυροδίνης (porphurodínēs)
* πορφυροειδής (porphuroeidḗs)
* πορφυρόεις (porphuróeis)
* πορφυροεργής (porphuroergḗs)
* πορφυρόζωνος (porphurózōnos)
* πορφυρόκαυλος (porphurókaulos)
* πορφυροκλέπτης (porphurokléptēs)
* πορφυρομιγής (porphuromigḗs)
* πορφυρόνωτος (porphurónōtos)
* πορφυρόπεζα (porphurópeza)
* πορφυροπώλης (porphuropṓlēs)
* πορφυρόστρωτος (porphuróstrōtos)
* πορφυροσχήμων (porphuroskhḗmōn)
* πορφυροῦς (porphuroûs)
* πορφυρόχροος (porphurókhroos)
* πορφῠ́ρω (porphŭ́rō)
* πορφυρώδης (porphurṓdēs)
* ὑποπόρφυρος (hupopórphuros)
* ψευδοπόρφυρον (pseudopórphuron)

#### Descendants

* Greek: πορφύρα (porfýra)
* → Latin: purpura (see there for further descendants)
* → Translingual: Porphyra

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πορφύρω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1224

### Further reading

* “πορφύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πορφύρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* πορφύρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πορφύρα (porphúra).

### Noun

πορφύρα • (porfýra) f (plural πορφύρες)
* murex (the mollusc)
* Tyrian purple, royal purple (the dye, and its colour, obtained from the mollusc)

#### Synonyms

* (colour): πορφυρό n (porfyró)

#### Related terms

* πορφυρός (porfyrós, “purple”, adj)

#### Further reading

* Πορφύρα (χρωστική) on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$