# wie
## Acehnese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wiə/

### Noun

wie
* left (direction)

### References

* Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch wie.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Pronoun

wie
* (interrogative, personal) who, whom (object use predominantly with vir)
    Coordinate term: (non-personal) wat
    Wie het jou gesien? ― Who saw you?
    (Vir) wie het jy gesien? ― Whom did you see?
* (relative, personal, after prepositions) whom
    Synonyms: (also non-personal) waar-, (with stranded preposition) wat
    die man met wie ek gespreek het ― the man with whom I spoke
* (relative, personal, before se) whose
    Coordinate term: (non-personal) wat
    die man wie se vrou dood is ― the man whose wife died

#### Usage notes

* For speakers of Dutch there is a rather simple rule for the use of Afrikaans relative pronouns: Where Dutch uses wie, use the same. Where Dutch uses die, dat, wat, waar, use wat. In possessive constructions use wie se with persons and wat se with things.
* Relative wie with a personal referent in contexts other than the above-mentioned does occasionally occur. However, this is considered nonstandard and an anglicism.

#### See also
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch wie, from Old Dutch wie, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋi/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: wie
* Rhymes: -i
* Homophone: Wie

### Pronoun

wie
* (interrogative, subjective or objective) who, whom
    Wie is daar? ― Who’s there?
    Wie heb jij gezien? ― Whom did you see?
* (relative, subjective or objective) who, whom; the one who, whoever
    Wie dit leest is geletterd. ― The one who reads this is literate.
    De receptionist aan wie ik het pakket heb afgegeven, werkte er pas net.The receptionist to whom I handed over the parcel had only recently started working there.

#### Usage notes

* In Dutch it is entirely standard and common to construe wie with a plural verb if the speaker expects the answer to encompass several persons. For example: Wie hebben dit gedaan? (literally “Who have done this?”).

#### Derived terms

* wien
* wiens
* wier

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: wie
* Berbice Creole Dutch: wi
* Jersey Dutch: wî
* Negerhollands: wie, awi, awidi, widi

### Anagrams

* wei

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German wie, a merger of two interrelated forms: 1.) Old High German hwio, from older hwēo, from Proto-Germanic *hwaiwa; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (ƕaiwa). 2.) Old High German hwē, hwie, from Proto-Germanic *hwē; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌴 (ƕē). The latter is a variant of Proto-Germanic *hwī, whence English why, and is further a fossilized instrumental case of *hwaz, *hwat (“who, what”). Form 1 is also related to this stem. Outside of High German the only direct modern cognate is Limburgish wie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /viː/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iː

### Adverb

wie
* how
    Wie groß bist du?How tall are you?
    Ich weiß nicht, wie die Katze hereingekommen ist.I don't know how the cat got in.
    Wie wunderbar!How wonderful!

#### Related terms

* wieso
* wie dem auch sei
* wie geht es

### Conjunction

wie
* like
    Freunde sind wie Sterne in der Nacht.Friends are like stars in the night.
* as
    Wie ihr wisst, bin ich in Dortmund aufgewachsen.As you know, I grew up in Dortmund.
    Ich bin so schnell wie du.I’m as fast as you are.
* (colloquial, nonstandard) than
    Der Junge ist größer wie sein Vater.The boy is taller than his father.
* (chiefly colloquial) when (referring to the past)
    Ich hab ihn gesehen, wie ich in Köln war.I saw him when I was in Cologne.
    Wie ich zur Tür herauskomme, steht da mein alter Schulfreund.When I came out the door, my old school-day friend was standing in front of me.

#### Synonyms

* (when, than): als (more properly standard)

### Further reading

* “wie” in Duden online
* “wie” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “wie” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “wie” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.

## Hunsrik
### Alternative forms

* wii (Wiesemann spelling system)

### Etymology

From Middle High German wie, a merger of two interrelated forms: 1.) Old High German hwio, from older hwēo, from Proto-Germanic *hwaiwa; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (ƕaiwa). 2.) Old High German hwē, hwie, from Proto-Germanic *hwē; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌴 (ƕē). The latter is a variant of Proto-Germanic *hwī, whence English why, and is further a fossilized instrumental case of *hwaz, *hwat (“who, what”). Form 1 is also related to this stem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /viː/

### Adverb

wie
* how
    Wie schreibd-ma das?How do you spell that?

#### Related terms

* wieso

### Conjunction

wie
* like
    Sie brilld wie en Kind.She cries like a child.
* as
* than
    Er is schun greser wie ich.He's already bigger than me.
* when (referring to the past)
    Wie-ich en Kind waarWhen I was a child

#### Synonyms

* (when, than): als

### Further reading

* Online Hunsrik Dictionary

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch wie, from earlier wē, *hwē, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hwaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wiə/, /wi/

### Pronoun

wie
* who

#### Descendants

* Dutch: wie
* Limburgish: wae

### Further reading

* “wie (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “wie (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

## Middle Low German
### Pronunciation

* Stem vowel: ê⁴
** IPA: /wiə/, /wiɛ/

### Pronoun

wie
* (interrogative pronoun) Alternative form of wê.
* (personal pronoun) Alternative form of wî.

## Old Dutch
### Etymology

From earlier wē, *hwē, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hwaz.

### Pronoun

wie
* who

#### Alternative forms

* uuie
* wē

#### Descendants

* Middle Dutch: wie
** Dutch: wie
** Limburgish: wae

#### Further reading

* “wie (I)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

## Pennsylvania German
### Etymology

From Middle High German wie, a merger of two interrelated forms: 1.) Old High German hwio, from older hwēo, from Proto-Germanic *hwaiwa; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (ƕaiwa). 2.) Old High German hwē, hwie, from Proto-Germanic *hwē; cognate with Gothic 𐍈𐌴 (ƕē). The latter is a variant of Proto-Germanic *hwī, whence English why, and is further a fossiled instrumental case of *hwaz, *hwat (“who, what”). Form 1 is also related to this stem. Compare German wie.

### Adverb

wie
* (interrogatory) how
    Wie weess mer as es warricklich Friehyaahr iss?
       How do we know that it really is spring?

## Plautdietsch
### Etymology

From German Low German wi, from Middle Low German wi.

### Pronoun

wie
* we
    Wäa wie sent.
       Who we are.

#### Antonyms

* ekj (I)

### See also

* wäa (who)
* wieda (further)
* ons (our)
* dü (you, thou)
* hee (he)
* see (she)
* jie (you)
* see (they)

### Further reading

* Plautdietsch Lexicon of 17,000 words

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvjɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛ
* Syllabification: wie

### Verb

wie
* third-person singular present of wiedzieć

## Saterland Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian wī, from Proto-West Germanic *wiʀ. Cognates include West Frisian wy and German wir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vi/
* Hyphenation: wie
* Rhymes: -i

### Pronoun

wie (oblique uus)
* we

#### See also
### References

* Marron C. Fort (2015) “wie”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

## Yola
### Preposition

wie
* Alternative form of wee (“with”)
** 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:Than stalket, an gandelt, wie o! an gridane.Then stalked and wondered, with oh! and with grief.

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 88