# nunc
## Interlingua
### Etymology

From Latin nunc.

### Adverb

nunc
* now
    Synonym: ora

## Latin
### Etymology

From num +‎ -ce, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *nu (“now”), see also English now, Scots noo (“now”), Saterland Frisian nu (“now”), West Frisian no (“now”), Dutch nu, nou (“now”), German nu, nun (“now”), Swedish nu (“now”), Icelandic nú (“now”), Latin num (“even now, whether”), Albanian ni (“now”), Lithuanian nù (“now”), Avestan 𐬥𐬏 (nū, “now”), Sanskrit नु (nu, “now”), Greek νυν (nyn, “now”), Russian ныне (nyne, “now”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /nunk/, [nʊŋk]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /nunk/, [nuŋk]

### Adverb

nunc (not comparable)
* right now, at present, at this time, at this very moment
    Synonym: iam
** 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations‎:Quam diu quisquam erit qui te defendere audeat, vives, et vives ita ut nunc vivis, multis meis et firmis praesidiis obsessus ne commovere te contra rem publicam possis. Multorum te etiam oculi et aures non sentientem, sicut adhuc fecerunt, speculabuntur atque custodient.As long as one person exists who can dare to defend you, yet shall live; but you shall live as you do now, surrounded by my many and trusty guards, so that you shall not be able to stir one finger against the republic: many eyes and ears shall still observe and watch you, as they have hitherto done, though you shall not perceive them.
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.376–378:“[...] Nunc augur Apollō, nunc Lyciae sortēs, nunc et Iove missus ab ipsō interpres dīvum fert horrida iussa per aurās.”“[...] Now the augur Apollo, now the Lycian oracles, and now – sent by Jupiter himself! – the divine interpreter brings horrid orders through the air.” (Word repetition or anaphora in Dido’s furious denunciation of the ever-changing excuses for Aeneas’s departure. Alternative translations: “First [it was] the augur Apollo, then the Lycian oracles, and now…” or “One moment it was the augur Apollo, the next the Lycian oracles, and now….”)
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.93–94:‘hic, ubi nunc Rōma est, orbis caput, arbor et herbae et paucae pecudēs et casa rāra fuit.’‘‘Here, where now is Rome – the capital of the world! – there were trees and grass, and a few flocks, and here and there a hut.’’ (The muse Calliope describes the scene as the early Roman ancestor Evander of Pallantium arrives in Italy.)
** Ave Maria — Hail Mary
    ...nunc, et in hora mortis nostrae.
       ...now, and in the hour of our death.

#### Usage notes

"Nunc" always means the literal present or "now"; the other use of "now" is usually translated "iam".

#### Derived terms

* nū̆diū̆s
* nuncine

#### Related terms

| type | demonstrative | demonstrative | demonstrative | anaphoric | identity | interrogative/ relative | indefinite | indefinite | indefinite | indefinite | indefinite | negative | other |
| type | proximal | medial | distal | anaphoric | identity | interrogative/ relative | relative | indefinite | free choice | universal | negative polarity | negative | other |
| basic | hic | iste, istic | ille, illic | is | ipse, īdem | quis/quī | quisquis, quīcumque | quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam | quīvis, quīlibet | quisque | quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam | nēmō, nihil, nūllus | alius |
| dual | | | | | | uter | utercumque | alteruter | utervīs, uterlibet | uterque | | neuter | alter |
| place | hīc | istīc | illīc | ibī̆ | ibī̆dem | ubī̆ | ubiubi, ubī̆cumque | alicubī, uspiam | ubivīs, ubilibet | ubīque | usquam | nusquam, nūllibī | alibī, aliās |
| source | hinc | istinc | illinc | inde | indidem | unde | undecumque, undeunde | alicunde | °undelibet | undique | | | aliunde |
| destination | hūc, °hōrsum | istūc, °istōrsum | illūc, °illōrsum | eō | eōdem | quō, quōrsum | quōquō, quōcumque | aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum | quōvīs, quōlibet | | quōquam | nusquam, nūllōrsum | aliō, aliōrsum |
| method, means, path, place | hāc | istāc | illāc | eā | eādem | quā | quāquā, quācumque | aliquā | quāvīs, quālibet | quāque | | nēquāquam, haudquāquam | aliā |
| manner | hōc modō | istō modō | illō modō | ita, sīc, eō modō | item, itidem | ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum | utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque | quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō | quōmodolibet | utīque | ūllō modō | nūllō modō | aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō |
| time | num, nunc | | ōlim | tum, tunc | simul | quandō, ‡cum | cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque | quondam, aliquandō | quandōlibet | quandōque | umquam | numquam | aliās |
| quantity | | | | tam | †tamen, †tandem | quam | †quamquam | aliquam | quamvīs, quamlibet | | | | |
| size | | | | tantus | tantusdem | quantus | quantuscumque | aliquantus | quantusvīs, quantuslibet | | | | |
| quality | | | | tālis | | quālis | quālis, quāliscumque | aliquālis | quālislibet | | | | |
| number | | | | tot | totidem | quot | quotquot, quotcumque | aliquot | quotlibet | | | | |
| order | | | | totus | | quotus | quotuscumque | aliquotus | quotuslibet | | | | |
| repetition | | | | totiēns | | quotiēns | quotiēnscumque | aliquotiēns | quotiēnslibet | | | | |
| multiplication | | | | totuplex | | quotuplex | | | | | | | |
| † Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare ‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative ||||||||||||||

### References

* “nunc”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “nunc”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* nunc in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. our contemporaries; men of our time: homines qui nunc sunt (opp. qui tunc fuerunt) the question now is..: nunc id quaeritur, agitur the question at issue: res, de qua nunc quaerimus, quaeritur