# 裸

| 裸 | U+88F8, &#35064; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-88F8 |
| ← 裷 [U+88F7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 裹 → [U+88F9] |
| 裸 | U+F912, &#63762; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F912 |
| ← 螺 [U+F911] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 邏 → [U+F913] |

## Translingual
### Han character

裸 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 中田木 (LWD), four-corner 3629$_4$, composition ⿰衤果)

#### Derived characters

* 𤁖

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1119, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34371
* Dae Jaweon: page 1585, character 28
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3098, character 7
* Unihan data for U+88F8
* Unihan data for U+F912

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 裸 | *ɡ·roːlʔ |
| 躶 | *ɡ·roːlʔ |
| 果 | *kloːlʔ |
| 菓 | *kloːlʔ |
| 猓 | *kloːlʔ |
| 輠 | *kloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ, *kʰluːls |
| 裹 | *kloːlʔ, *kloːls |
| 蜾 | *kloːlʔ |
| 惈 | *kloːlʔ |
| 粿 | *kloːlʔ |
| 窠 | *kʰloːl |
| 稞 | *kʰloːl, *ɡroːlʔ |
| 課 | *kʰloːl, *kʰloːls |
| 髁 | *kʰloːl, *kʰloːls, *kʰroːlʔ |
| 棵 | *kʰloːl, *kʰloːnʔ, *ɡloːnʔ |
| 顆 | *kʰloːlʔ |
| 堁 | *kʰloːlʔ, *kʰloːls, *kloːns |
| 敤 | *kʰloːlʔ, *kʰloːls |
| 夥 | *qʰloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ |
| 婐 | *qloːlʔ, *kroːl |
| 踝 | *ɡroːlʔ |
| 祼 | *ɡluːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡ·roːlʔ): semantic 衣 (“clothing”) + phonetic 果 (OC *kloːlʔ) – lacking clothes, naked.

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan [Term?]. Cognate with Tibetan སྒྲེ (sgre, “naked”), Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruak (“empty; naked; void”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): luǒ (luo$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): no$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lo$^2$ / lo$^5$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lo$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ló / lá
    (Meixian, Guangdong): lo$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): liō
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lor$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ló / lǒ / ló͘ / lō͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lo$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$lu
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lo$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luǒ
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luǒ
*** Wade–Giles: lo$^3$
*** Yale: lwǒ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luoo
*** Palladius: ло (lo)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯ɔ²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: no$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lo
*** Sinological IPA : /no⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lo$^2$ / lo$^5$
*** Yale: ló / lóh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lo$^2$ / lo$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lo$^2$ / lo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔː³⁵/, /lɔː¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /lᵘɔ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ló / lá
*** Hakka Romanization System: lo$^ˋ$ / la$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lo$^3$ / la$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /lo³¹/, /la³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: lo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /lo³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: liō
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃uo³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: lor$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɒ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: lor$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɒ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ló
*** Tâi-lô: ló
*** Phofsit Daibuun: loir
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lo⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lǒ
*** Tâi-lô: lǒ
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lo²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ló͘
*** Tâi-lô: lóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lor
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lō͘
*** Tâi-lô: lōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lo
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /lɔ³³/
* Quanzhou:
** lǒ - vernacular;
** ló͘ - literary.
* Middle Chinese: lwaX
Rime :
| Character | 裸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 郎果切 |
| Baxter | lwaX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /luɑ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /luɑ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /luɑ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lwa$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /luɑ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /luɑ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /luɑ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | luǒ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lo$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤo[r]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·roːlʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 裸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | luǒ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lwa$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]ˁo[r]ʔ/ |
| English | bare, naked |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 裸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4765 |
| Phonetic component | 果 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 裸 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡ·roːlʔ/ |

### Definitions

裸
* bare; nude; naked
* to undress; to strip

### Compounds

* 袒裼裸裎
* 裸國 / 裸国
* 裸奔 (luǒbēn)
* 裸女 (luǒnǚ)
* 裸婚 (luǒhūn)
* 裸子植物 (luǒzǐzhíwù)
* 裸戲 / 裸戏 (luǒxì)
* 裸泳 (luǒyǒng)
* 裸照 (luǒzhào)
* 裸睡 (luǒshuì)
* 裸線 / 裸线 (luǒxiàn)
* 裸花
* 裸芽
* 裸葉 / 裸叶
* 裸藻
* 裸袖揎拳
* 裸袖揎衣
* 裸裎 (luǒchéng)
* 裸跣
* 裸身 (luǒshēn)
* 裸身赤體 / 裸身赤体
* 裸露 (luǒlù)
* 裸體 / 裸体 (luǒtǐ)
* 裸體畫 / 裸体画
* 裸鰮 / 裸鳁
* 裸麥 / 裸麦 (luǒmài)
* 赤裸 (chìluǒ)
* 赤裸裸 (chìluǒluǒ)
* 赤身裸體 / 赤身裸体

### References

* “裸”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* naked, nude, bare

#### Readings

* Go-on: ら (ra, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ら (ra, Jōyō)
* Kun: はだか (hadaka, 裸, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 赤裸(あかはだか) (akahadaka)
* 内裸(うちはだか)でも外錦(そとにしき) (uchi hadaka demo soto nishiki)
* 帯代裸(おびしろはだか) (obishirohadaka)
* 帯広裸(おびひろはだか) (obihirohadaka)
* 素(す)っ裸(ぱだか) (suppadaka)
* 素裸(すはだか) (suhadaka)
* 赤裸(せきら) (sekira)
* 全裸(ぜんら) (zenra)
* 裸一貫(はだかいっかん) (hadakaikkan)
* 裸鰯(はだかいわし) (hadakaiwashi)
* 裸馬(はだかうま) (hadakauma)
* 裸売(はだかう)り (hadakauri)
* 裸踊(はだかおど)り (hadakaodori)
* 裸金(はだかがね) (hadakagane)
* 裸木(はだかぎ) (hadakagi)
* 裸鞍(はだかぐら) (hadakagura)
* 裸城(はだかじろ) (hadakajiro)
* 裸線(はだかせん) (hadakasen)
* 裸相場(はだかそうば) (hadakasōba)
* 裸鶴脛(はだかつるはぎ) (hadakatsuruhagi)
* 裸(はだか)で道中(どうちゅう)なるものか (hadaka de dōchū naru monoka)
* 裸(はだか)で物(もの)を落(お)とす例(ためし)なし (hadaka de mono o otosu tameshi nashi)
* 裸電球(はだかでんきゅう) (hadakadenkyū)
* 裸値段(はだかねだん) (hadakanedan)
* 裸(はだか)の王様(おうさま) (hadaka no ōsama)
* 裸火(はだかび) (hadakabi)
* 裸百貫(はだかひゃっかん) (hadakahyakkan)
* 裸文(はだかぶみ) (hadakabumi)
* 裸蛇(はだかへび) (hadakahebi)
* 裸参(はだかまい)り (hadakamairi): visiting a shrine or temple naked in winter
* 裸祭(はだかまつり) (hadakamatsuri)
* 裸身(はだかみ) (hadakami)
* 裸麦(はだかむぎ) (hadakamugi)
* 裸土竜鼠(はだかもぐらねずみ) (hadakamoguranezumi)
* 裸山(はだかやま) (hadakayama)
* 裸利回(はだかりまわ)り (hadakarimawari)
* 裸蝋燭(はだかろうそく) (hadakarōsoku)
* 裸(はだか)ん坊(ぼう) (hadakanbō)
* 裸足(はだし) (hadashi): bare foot
* 半裸(はんら) (hanra)
* 真(ま)っ裸(ぱだか) (mappadaka)
* 真裸(まはだか) (mahadaka)
* 丸裸(まるはだか) (maruhadaka)
* 裸花(らか) (raka)
* 裸眼(らがん) (ragan)
* 裸形(らぎょう) (ragyō)
* 裸子植物(らししょくぶつ) (rashishokubutsu)
* 裸出(らしゅつ) (rashutsu)
* 裸女(らじょ) (rajo)
* 裸身(らしん) (rashin)
* 裸像(らぞう) (razō)
* 裸体(らたい) (ratai)
* 裸裎(らてい) (ratei): naked; extreme rudeness
* 裸婦(らふ) (rafu)
* 裸葉(らよう) (rayō)
* 裸裸(らら) (rara), 裸々(らら) (rara)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 裸
* はだか Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Compound of 肌 (hada, “skin”) +‎ 赤 (aka, “red”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はだか [hàdáká] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠da̠ka̠]

### Noun

裸(はだか) • (hadaka)
* naked, nude, bare

#### Derived terms

* 真(ま)っ裸(ぱだか) (mappadaka, “stark naked”)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

裸 • (ra>na, ya) (hangeul 라>나, 야, revised ra>na, ya, McCune–Reischauer ra>na, ya, Yale la>na, ya)
* bare, nude, undress, strip

## Vietnamese
### Han character

裸: Hán Nôm readings: lỏa/loả, khỏa/khoả, lõa/loã
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.