# hela
## Esperanto
### Etymology

From German hell.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhela]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ela
* Hyphenation: he‧la

### Adjective

hela (accusative singular helan, plural helaj, accusative plural helajn)
* clear, bright
** 1997, Henrik Ibsen, translated by Odd Tangerud, John Gabriel Borkman:Li estas juna homo kun helaj, bravaj okuloj.He is a young man with bright, brave eyes.

#### Related terms

* helo

## Finnish
### Etymology

A word from the same stem as heleä (“bright (e.g. of a sound)”) and helistä (“to clink, jingle, tingle”); thus a sound-symbolic word. Morphologically possibly a back-formation.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhelɑ/, [ˈhe̞lɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -elɑ
* Hyphenation: he‧la

### Noun

hela
* mounting, fitting, bushing
* bolster (on a knife)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of hela (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
helani
helani
accusative
nom.
helani
helani
gen.
helani
genitive
helani
helojeni helaini $^{rare}$
partitive
helaani
helojani
inessive
helassani
heloissani
elative
helastani
heloistani
illative
helaani
heloihini
adessive
helallani
heloillani
ablative
helaltani
heloiltani
allative
helalleni
heloilleni
essive
helanani
heloinani
translative
helakseni
heloikseni
abessive
helattani
heloittani
instructive
comitative
—heloineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
helasi
helasi
accusative
nom.
helasi
helasi
gen.
helasi
genitive
helasi
helojesi helaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
helaasi
helojasi
inessive
helassasi
heloissasi
elative
helastasi
heloistasi
illative
helaasi
heloihisi
adessive
helallasi
heloillasi
ablative
helaltasi
heloiltasi
allative
helallesi
heloillesi
essive
helanasi
heloinasi
translative
helaksesi
heloiksesi
abessive
helattasi
heloittasi
instructive
comitative
—heloinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
helamme
helamme
accusative
nom.
helamme
helamme
gen.
helamme
genitive
helamme
helojemme helaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
helaamme
helojamme
inessive
helassamme
heloissamme
elative
helastamme
heloistamme
illative
helaamme
heloihimme
adessive
helallamme
heloillamme
ablative
helaltamme
heloiltamme
allative
helallemme
heloillemme
essive
helanamme
heloinamme
translative
helaksemme
heloiksemme
abessive
helattamme
heloittamme
instructive
comitative
—heloinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
helanne
helanne
accusative
nom.
helanne
helanne
gen.
helanne
genitive
helanne
helojenne helainne $^{rare}$
partitive
helaanne
helojanne
inessive
helassanne
heloissanne
elative
helastanne
heloistanne
illative
helaanne
heloihinne
adessive
helallanne
heloillanne
ablative
helaltanne
heloiltanne
allative
helallenne
heloillenne
essive
helananne
heloinanne
translative
helaksenne
heloiksenne
abessive
helattanne
heloittanne
instructive
comitative
—heloinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
helansa
helansa
accusative
nom.
helansa
helansa
gen.
helansa
genitive
helansa
helojensa helainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
helaansa
helojaan helojansa
inessive
helassaan helassansa
heloissaan heloissansa
elative
helastaan helastansa
heloistaan heloistansa
illative
helaansa
heloihinsa
adessive
helallaan helallansa
heloillaan heloillansa
ablative
helaltaan helaltansa
heloiltaan heloiltansa
allative
helalleen helallensa
heloilleen heloillensa
essive
helanaan helanansa
heloinaan heloinansa
translative
helakseen helaksensa
heloikseen heloiksensa
abessive
helattaan helattansa
heloittaan heloittansa
instructive
comitative
—heloineen heloinensa :

#### Derived terms

* heloittaa
* Helaakoski
* helahoito
* helapää
* helavyö
* hopeahela
* hopeahelainen
* suuhela

### References

* ↑ Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “hela”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from German hell. Not inherited from Esperanto hela, but could be influenced. The native word is klara.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhela/

### Adjective

hela
* (neologism, of colors) light
    Synonym: klara

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay hela, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hilah (“drag, pull”). Cognate with Tagalog hila.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhela]
* Hyphenation: hé‧la

### Verb

héla
* (transitive) to pull, to drag, to haul

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* penghela [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* helaan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
* menghela [agent focus] (meN-)
* helakan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
* menghelakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* dihela [patient focus] (di-)
* dihelakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)

#### References

* “hela” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hilah (“drag, pull”). Cognate with Tagalog hila.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hela/
* Rhymes: -ela, -la

### Verb

héla (Jawi spelling هيلا)
* (transitive) to drag, to haul

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* penghela [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* helaan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
* menghela [agent focus] (meN-)
* helakan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
* menghelakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* dihela [patient focus] (di-)
* dihelakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: hela
* → Ternate: hela

#### References

* “hela” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* helet
* helte (simple past, Etymology 4)
* helt (past participle, Etymology 4)

### Verb

hela
* past tense of hele
* past participle of hele

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Verb

hela (present tense helar, past tense hela, past participle hela, passive infinitive helast, present participle helande, imperative hela/hel)
* alternative form of hele

### Noun

hela f (definite singular hela, indefinite plural heler or helor, definite plural helene or helone)
* definite singular of hele
* (pre-2012) alternative form of hele

## Old English
### Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō. Cognate with Old Frisian hēla.

#### Alternative forms

* hǣla

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxeː.lɑ/, [ˈheː.lɑ]

#### Noun

hēla m (nominative plural hēlan)
* heel (of the foot)
    Synonym: hōh

##### Descendants

* Middle English: hele, heele, heyle, heyll, hiele, hile
** English: heel
** Scots: heel
** Yola: heel

### Etymology 2

Variant of ēalā, equivalent to *hē +‎ lā.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxeː.lɑː/, [ˈheː.lɑː]

#### Interjection

hēlā
* Alternative form of ēalā

## Old Frisian
### Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō. Cognates with Old English hēla.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈheːla/, [ˈheːla]

#### Noun

hēla m
* heel

##### Descendants

* North Frisian: (Föhr-Amrum) haiel, hael, häile, hajel, hägel
* West Frisian: hyl

### Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *hailijan. Cognate with Old English hǣlan, Old Saxon hēlian.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈheːla/, [ˈhɛːla]

#### Verb

hēla
* (transitive) to heal

##### Descendants

* Saterland Frisian: heila
* West Frisian: hielje

### References

* Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, pages 26, 28

## Old Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse heila, from Proto-Germanic *hailijaną.

### Verb

hēla
* to heal, to cure
* to save (in religious sense)

#### Conjugation

or

#### Descendants

* Swedish: hela

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* chela

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Greater Poland):
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /ˈxɛ.la/
* Homophone: Hela

### Noun

hela f
* (Kuyavia) crate for transporting potatoes
    Synonym: paka

### Further reading

* Józef Bliziński (1860) “hela”, in Abecadłowy spis wyrazów języka ludowego w Kujawach i Galicyi Zachodniej (in Polish), Warszawa, page 623
* Oskar Kolberg (1867) “hela”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 271

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈela/ [ˈe.la]
* Rhymes: -ela
* Syllabification: he‧la

### Verb

hela
* inflection of haber:
** second-person singular imperative combined with la
** second-person singular voseo imperative combined with la

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɛ.la/
* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Heller, which was introduced in 1904 at the value of 1/100 rupee.

#### Noun

hela class IX (plural hela class X)
* (chiefly Tanzania) money
    Synonyms: pesa, fedha
* (historical) heller

#### References

* ↑ Mugane, John M. (2015) The Story of Swahili (Africa in World History), Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, →ISBN, page 54: “Nonetheless, the Swahili took in a number of German words to talk about their experiences with these intruders. They adopted the word Heller, from a Schwabian coin [...], for “money,” and its Swahili form, hela, has persisted.”

### Etymology 2

Other scripts :
| Ajami | هِيْلَ |
Probably from dialectal Arabic هَلَا (halā). Compare also هَلُمَّ (halumma).

#### Interjection

hela
* Exclamation to get attention: hey
** 18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi‎, translation from R. Allen (1946) “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, →DOI, pages 243–249, stanza 11:مُيُ وَاغُ نِنِ هُزُدُكَانِ ، لِكُغُرِيِلُ هِيْلَ نِنْنِ ،Moyo wangu nini huzundukani, likughuriyelo hela ni-n'ni?Soul, why not awake? Hi! what is it that cheats you?

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1
#### Adjective

hela
* inflection of hel:
** definite singular
** plural

### Etymology 2

From Old Swedish hēla, from Old Norse heila, from Proto-Germanic *hailijaną. Equivalent to Swedish hel +‎ -a.

#### Verb

hela (present helar, preterite helade, supine helat, imperative hela)
* to heal; especially through faith

##### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

##### Related terms

* helare

## Ternate
### Etymology

From Malay hela.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhe.la/

### Verb

hela
* (transitive) to pull

#### Conjugation
### References

* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈhɛla/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈhɛla/
** (South Wales, colloquial) IPA: /ˈhala/

### Verb

hela (first-person singular present helaf, not mutable)
* Alternative form of hel