# كوشك
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian کوشک (kušk, “palace, portico”), itself from Middle Persian kwšk' (kōšk).

#### Noun

كوشك • (köşk)
* pavillion, small palace, any small building intended for pleasure or recreation

##### Descendants

* Turkish: köşk
* → Armenian: քյոշկ (kʻyošk)
* → Italian: chiosco
** → French: kiosque
*** → Dutch: kiosk
**** Afrikaans: kiosk
**** → Indonesian: kios
***** → Ternate: kios
*** → English: kiosk
*** → Norman: kiosque
*** → Norwegian Bokmål: kiosk
*** → Polish: kiosk
*** → Portuguese: quiosque
*** → Persian: کیوسک (kiyusk)
*** → Russian: киоск (kiosk), кіо́скъ (kiósk) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
**** → Georgian: კიოსკი (ḳiosḳi)
**** → Hebrew: קִיּוֹסְק (kiyósk)
**** → Yakut: киоск (kiosk)
*** → Spanish: kiosco
** → English: kiosk
*** → Japanese: キオスク (kiosuku)
** → German: Kiosk
*** → Hungarian: kioszk
** → Persian: کیوسک (kiyusk)
** → Polish: kiosk
** → Portuguese: quiosque
** → Spanish: quiosco
* → Romanian: chioșc

#### Proper noun

كوشك • (Köşk)
* Köşk (a town and district in Aydın province, Turkey)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: Köşk

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “köşk”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2802
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “كوشك”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 402b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “كوشك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1054
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Palatium”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1234
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “كوشك”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 4081
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “köşk”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–) “Köşk”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كوشك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1595
* Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Köşk”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 488

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kȫĺek (“camel calf”); cognate with Azerbaijani köşək, Karakalpak ko’shek, Turkmen köşek, Uzbek ku’shek and, more distantly, with Hungarian kölyök.

#### Noun

كوشك • (köşek)
* young camel, camel calf or colt, the young of a camel
    Synonym: طورون (torun)

##### Derived terms

* كوشكلمك (köşeklemek, “to have a camel colt”)
* كوشكلو (köşekli, “having young camels”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: köşek

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “köşek”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2802
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “كوشك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1054
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Pullus cameli”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1404
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “كوشك”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 4081
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كوشك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1595

### Etymology 3

Inherited from Proto-Common Turkic *geŋşek (“loose, slack”), a development of *geŋşe- (“to become loose, slack”), whence گوشمك (gevşemek, “to become loose, slack”). Related to گݣیش (geñiş, “wide, spacious”) and گیݣ (geñ, “wide, broad”).

#### Adjective

گوشك • (gevşek)
* loose, slack, lax, not fixed in place tightly or firmly
    Synonym: بول (bol)
* relaxed, laid-back, free from tension or anxiety, at ease
* slack, lacking diligence or care, not earnest or eager
    Synonym: طمرسز (damarsız)
* flabby, flaccid, slouchy, hanging loose by its own weight

##### Derived terms

* آغیزی گوشك (ağızı gevşek, “whose mouth is loose”)
* گوشكلتمك (gevşekletmek, “to make become loose”)
* گوشكلك (gevşeklik, “looseness”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: gevşek

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “gevşek”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1695
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “كوشك”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 402b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “كوشك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1055
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Laxus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 928
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “كوشك”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 4081
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “gevşek”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كوشك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1595