# 拈

| 拈 | U+62C8, &#25288; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62C8 |
| ← 拇 [U+62C7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 拉 → [U+62C9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

拈 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手卜口 (QYR), four-corner 5106$_0$, composition ⿰扌占)

#### Derived characters

* 𢜋, 𤭥, 𭾄, 𥮠

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 424, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11945
* Dae Jaweon: page 773, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1851, character 2
* Unihan data for U+62C8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 拈
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 頕 | *taːm |
| 煔 | *ɦlaːm, *hljems, *hl'eːms |
| 炶 | *ɦlaːm |
| 詀 | *rteːm, *rdeːms, *teːm, *tʰjeb |
| 站 | *rteːms |
| 檆 | *sreːm |
| 黏 | *nem |
| 粘 | *nem |
| 枮 | *slem, *ʔl'ɯm |
| 霑 | *tem |
| 沾 | *tem, *teːms, *tʰeːm |
| 覘 | *tems, *tʰem |
| 鉆 | *tʰem, *ɡrem, *tʰeːb |
| 占 | *ʔljem, *tjems |
| 颭 | *tjemʔ |
| 佔 | *tjems, *teːm |
| 苫 | *hljem, *hljems |
| 痁 | *hljem, *teːms |
| 蛅 | *njem |
| 阽 | *lem |
| 敁 | *teːm |
| 掂 | *tiːm |
| 點 | *teːmʔ |
| 玷 | *teːmʔ, *teːms |
| 店 | *tiːms |
| 坫 | *tiːms, *tim |
| 黇 | *tʰeːm |
| 扂 | *deːmʔ |
| 拈 | *neːm |
| 鮎 | *neːm |
| 砧 | *ʔl'ɯm |
| 笘 | *teːb |
| 跕 | *teːb, *tʰeːb |
| 貼 | *tʰeːb |
| 帖 | *tʰeːb |
| 怗 | *tʰeːb |
| 呫 | *tʰeːb |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): niān, nián
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢ, ㄋㄧㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): nim$^1$ / nim$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiâm
* Eastern Min (BUC): niĕng
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): liam / ni
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$gni
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niān
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nian
*** Wade–Giles: nien$^1$
*** Yale: nyān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nhian
*** Palladius: нянь (njanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯ɛn⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nián
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nián
*** Wade–Giles: nien$^2$
*** Yale: nyán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nian
*** Palladius: нянь (njanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯ɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: nim$^1$ / nim$^4$
*** Yale: nīm / nìhm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: nim$^1$ / nim$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nim$^1$ / nim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /niːm⁵⁵/, /niːm²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiâm
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngiam$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngiam$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯am²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: niĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /nˡieŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liam / ni
*** Tâi-lô: liam / ni
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liafm, ny
*** IPA (Xiamen): /liam⁴⁴/, /nĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liam³³/, /nĩ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /liam⁴⁴/, /nĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /liam⁴⁴/, /nĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /liam⁴⁴/, /nĩ⁴⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$gni
*** MiniDict: nyi$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$'nyi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲi⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: nem
Rime :
| Character | 拈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 添 (157) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 奴兼切 |
| Baxter | nem |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /nem/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /nem/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nɛm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nɛm/ |
| Li Rong | /nem/ |
| Wang Li | /niem/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /niem/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nián |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | nim$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*neːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 拈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16732 |
| Phonetic component | 占 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鮎 |
| Old Chinese | /*neːm/ |

#### Definitions

拈
* to pick up with one's fingers

#### Compounds

* 信手拈來 / 信手拈来
* 吃醋拈酸
* 弄柳拈花
* 惹草拈花
* 拈來 / 拈来
* 拈弄 (niānnòng)
* 拈弓搭箭
* 拈掇
* 拈相
* 拈筆 / 拈笔
* 拈花弄月
* 拈花微笑
* 拈花惹草 (niānhuārěcǎo)
* 拈花摘草
* 拈花摘葉 / 拈花摘叶
* 拈輕怕重 / 拈轻怕重 (niānqīngpàzhòng)
* 拈酸吃醋
* 拈針指 / 拈针指
* 拈頭 / 拈头
* 拈題分韻 / 拈题分韵
* 拈香
* 拈鬮 / 拈阄 (niānjiū)
* 搭搭拈拈
* 白拈賊 / 白拈贼

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 拈 – see 捻 (“to twist with fingers”). (This character is a variant form of 捻).

#### Compounds

* 績麻拈苧 / 绩麻拈苎

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 拈 – see 掂 (“to weigh in the hand”). (This character is a variant form of 掂).

#### Compounds

* 拈折
* 拈掇

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01536

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* to twist
    Synonyms: 捻, 撚

#### Readings

* Go-on: ねん (nen)
* Kan-on: でん (den)
* Kun: つまむ (tsumamu)、ひねくる (hinekuru, 拈くる)、ひねり (hineri, 拈り)、ひねる (hineru, 拈る)

#### Compounds

* 拈(ねん)華(げ) (nenge)
* 拈(ねん)古(こ) (nenko)
* 拈(ねん)香(こう) (nenkō)
* 拈(ねん)出(しゅつ) (nenshutsu) (捻(ねん)出(しゅつ))
* 拈(ねん)提(てい) (nentei)

## Korean
### Hanja

拈 • (nyeom>yeom) (hangeul 념>염, revised nyeom>yeom, McCune–Reischauer nyŏm>yŏm, Yale nyem>yem)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

拈: Hán Nôm readings: chêm, niêm, chiêm, chớm, niếm, nắm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.