# 柱

| 柱 | U+67F1, &#26609; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67F1 |
| ← 柰 [U+67F0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 柲 → [U+67F2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

柱 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木卜土 (DYG), four-corner 4091$_4$, composition ⿰木主)

#### Derived characters

* 𭈴, 㴤, 嵀, 𥯸, 𭝦, 𰘺

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 520, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14660
* Dae Jaweon: page 908, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1188, character 1
* Unihan data for U+67F1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 飳 | *tʰoːʔ |
| 妵 | *tʰoːʔ |
| 黈 | *tʰoːʔ |
| 蘣 | *tʰoːʔ |
| 罜 | *doːɡ, *tjos |
| 拄 | *toʔ |
| 柱 | *toʔ, *doʔ |
| 駐 | *tos |
| 註 | *tos, *tjos |
| 鉒 | *tos |
| 軴 | *tos |
| 住 | *tos, *dos |
| 跓 | *doʔ |
| 嵀 | *doʔ |
| 主 | *tjoʔ |
| 麈 | *tjoʔ |
| 宔 | *tjoʔ |
| 炷 | *tjoʔ, *tjos |
| 注 | *tjos |
| 疰 | *tjos |
| 蛀 | *tjos |
| 霔 | *tjos |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *toʔ, *doʔ): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 主 (OC *tjoʔ).

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *duːŋ (“post; column”) (STEDT). Cognate with 拄 (OC *toʔ, “to support”), as well as Proto-Kuki-Chin *tuŋ-I, *tun-II (“to erect; post; vertical”), Proto-Central Naga *tuŋ (“stem; trunk; post; tree”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhù (zhu$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zu$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cyu$^5$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): cui$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): qy$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhû
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cu$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zu$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): tiū / cṳ̀
* Eastern Min (BUC): têu / cê̤ṳ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thiāu / thiǎu / tū / tǔ / chū / chǔ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tiao$^6$ / tiou$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zy
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jy$^5$ / jy$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
*** Wade–Giles: chu$^4$
*** Yale: jù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
*** Palladius: чжу (čžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zu$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cyu$^5$
*** Yale: chyúh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsy$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰyː¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: cui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰui²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: qy$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰy¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhû
*** Hakka Romanization System: cu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡su⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tiū / cṳ̀
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiu⁵⁵/, /t͡sy⁴²/
* tiū - vernacular;
* cṳ̀ - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit柱 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/ /t͡su⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tʃu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂu³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /p͡fu⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʈ͡ʂv̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /p͡fu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕy³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡su¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡su²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡su⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sz̩ʷ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡su⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zz̩²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zz̩ʷ³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡zz̩ʷ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /d͡zz̩³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰy³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰy²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕy¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /d͡ʑy²¹/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰy²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰu⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʃʰu²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰy²³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sʰy²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sʰy¹³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡su²²/ /tʰiau²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰiɛu²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tʰiu⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /tʰiau³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /tu³³/ /hiau³³/ |
* Middle Chinese: drjuX
Rime :
| Character | 柱 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 直主切 |
| Baxter | drjuX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖɨo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖio$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡio$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖuə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡio$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡĭu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zyu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-t<r>oʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*doʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 柱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ drju$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-t<r>oʔ/ |
| English | pillar |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 柱 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 17614 |
| Phonetic component | 主 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 柱 |
| Old Chinese | /*doʔ/ |

#### Definitions

柱
* pillar; post; column (Classifier: 條／条 c)
* column-shaped thing
* (music) bridge (on a string instrument, such as a guzheng)
* (Hong Kong Cantonese) flats of the same layout on different floors
** 2017 January 21, “柏傲灣400伙即日沽清”, in 文匯報 [Wen Wei Po]‎, page A06:
       zok$^6$ jat$^6$ teoi$^1$ sau$^6$ daan$^1$ wai$^{6-2}$ zung$^1$, ji$^6$ bi$^1$ zo$^6$ dik$^1$ ei$^1$, si$^1$ kap$^6$ ef$^1$ sat$^1$ “saam$^1$ cyu$^5$” dik$^1$ jat$^1$ fong$^{4-2}$ kap$^6$ loeng$^5$ fong$^{4-2}$ gaan$^3$ gaak$^3$ seot$^1$ sin$^1$ gu$^1$ cing$^1$. [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to stand tall and erect
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) stiff
* a surname

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 柱子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 柱子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 柱子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 柱子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 柱 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 柱子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 柱子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 柱子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 柱腳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 頂樑柱 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 柱子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 柱子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 柱子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 柱子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 柱子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 柱子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 柱子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 柱子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 柱頭, 柱子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 柱頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 柱子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 柱子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 柱子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 柱子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 柱子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 柱子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 柱, 柱頭 construction |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 柱 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 柱, 磚柱 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 棟 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 柱頭 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 柱 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 柱頭 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 柱頭 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 屋柱 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 柱仔, 柱頓 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 柱 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 柱頓 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 柱哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 柱哩, 柱頓 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 柱哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 柱頭 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 柱 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 柱 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 柱 |
| Hakka | Changting | 屋柱 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 屋柱 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 柱 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 柱 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 磚柱 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 柱仔, 柱頭 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 柱頭 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 柱, 屋柱, 柱腳 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 柱子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 柱子 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 柱子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 柱 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 柱 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 柱 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 柱 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 柱 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 柱 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 柱 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 柱 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 柱, 柱仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 柱, 柱仔 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 柱, 柱仔 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 柱 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 柱仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 柱仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 柱仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 柱仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 柱仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 柱 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 柱 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 柱 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 柱 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 柱 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 柱, 稜柱 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 柱蔸, 柱頭 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 柱 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 樹棟 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 棟 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 棟 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 棟 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 樹棟 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 柱 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 樹棟 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 樑棟 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 樹棟 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 樹棟 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 樹棟 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 柱 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 柱 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 柱子, 柱, 柱頭 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 柱頭 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 庭柱 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 柱, 柱子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 柱棵, 柱子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 柱子, 房柱, 庭柱 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 柱子, 屋柱 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 棟柱, 柱 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 柱, 屋柱 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 屋柱 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 柱子, 傘柱 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 傘柱 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 傘柱 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 柱子, 傘柱 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 柱頭 |

#### Compounds

* 一拳柱定
* 一柱
* 一柱承天
* 一柱擎天
* 一柱觀 / 一柱观
* 三柱
* 上柱國 / 上柱国
* 三柱里
* 三角柱 (sānjiǎozhù)
* 世柱國 / 世柱国
* 中流底柱
* 中流砥柱 (zhōngliúdǐzhù)
* 丹柱
* 乳柱
* 井柱狀圖 / 井柱状图
* 五行四柱
* 交午柱
* 仙人柱
* 促柱
* 倚柱
* 偷梁換柱 (tōuliánghuànzhù)
* 傾柱 / 倾柱
* 光柱
* 光柱子
* 兩柱錢 / 两柱钱
* 八柱
* 八柱國 / 八柱国
* 六合柱
* 冰柱 (bīngzhù)
* 冰溜柱
* 冰絃玉柱 / 冰弦玉柱
* 刹柱
* 剎柱 / 刹柱
* 危柱
* 厎柱
* 合柱
* 周柱下
* 周柱史
* 品柱 (pǐnzhù)
* 四柱
* 四柱冊 / 四柱册
* 圓柱 / 圆柱 (yuánzhù)
* 圓柱體 / 圆柱体 (yuánzhùtǐ)
* 地柱
* 埋杆豎柱
* 埋輪破柱 / 埋轮破柱
* 大柱史
* 天柱
* 寶柱 / 宝柱
* 將軍柱 / 将军柱
* 尾生抱柱
* 帆柱 (fānzhù)
* 幕柱
* 底柱 (dǐzhù)
* 庭柱 (tíngzhù)
* 弦柱
* 強自取柱 / 强自取柱
* 影柱
* 戧柱 / 戗柱
* 抱柱
* 抱柱信
* 抱柱對 / 抱柱对
* 抽梁換柱
* 掛柱 / 挂柱
* 搘柱
* 摶柱乘梁
* 撫梁易柱
* 撑腸柱腹
* 擎天之柱
* 擎天柱
* 擎天玉柱
* 擊柱 / 击柱
* 攀尾柱
* 支柱 (zhīzhù)
* 改柱張絃 / 改柱张弦
* 改梁換柱
* 文深之柱
* 晷柱
* 景柱
* 望柱
* 束椽為柱 / 束椽为柱
* 枝柱
* 柱下
* 柱下史
* 柱卷
* 柱史
* 柱國 / 柱国
* 柱壯 / 柱壮
* 柱夫
* 柱子 (zhùzi, “column, pillar”)
* 柱小傾大 / 柱小倾大
* 柱州
* 柱工
* 柱帖
* 柱幹 / 柱干
* 柱廊
* 柱後 / 柱后
* 柱後史 / 柱后史
* 柱後惠文 / 柱后惠文
* 柱徹 / 柱彻
* 柱斧
* 柱根
* 柱桷
* 柱梁
* 柱棟 / 柱栋
* 柱楣
* 柱極 / 柱极
* 柱然
* 柱石 (zhùshí)
* 柱石之寄
* 柱石之臣
* 柱石臣
* 柱礎 / 柱础
* 柱科
* 柱腳 / 柱脚
* 柱臣
* 柱衣
* 柱質 / 柱质
* 柱頂石 / 柱顶石
* 柱頭 / 柱头 (zhùtóu)
* 梁柱 (liángzhù)
* 梓柱
* 楯柱
* 椽柱
* 楹柱
* 楗柱
* 榰柱
* 樘柱
* 標柱 / 标柱
* 樁柱 / 桩柱 (zhuāngzhù)
* 檐柱 (yánzhù)
* 欑柱 / 𪴙柱
* 水柱 (shuǐzhù)
* 水銀柱 / 水银柱 (shuǐyínzhù)
* 江柱
* 江珧柱 (jiāngyáozhù)
* 江瑤柱 / 江瑶柱 (jiāngyáozhù)
* 沙柱
* 浮柱
* 海柱
* 海蝕柱 / 海蚀柱
* 溪州銅柱 / 溪州铜柱
* 滉柱
* 火柱
* 煙柱 / 烟柱 (yānzhù)
* 玉柱
* 玉柱擎天
* 玫柱
* 玫瑰柱
* 珠柱
* 琴柱
* 瑤柱 / 瑶柱
* 瓊柱 / 琼柱
* 疏柱
* 百達柱 / 百达柱
* 盾柱 (dùnzhù)
* 短柱體 / 短柱体
* 石柱 (shízhù)
* 砥柱 (dǐzhù)
* 破柱
* 砥柱中流
* 破柱求姦 / 破柱求奸
* 礎柱 / 础柱
* 礦柱 / 矿柱
* 秦柱
* 稜柱體 / 棱柱体 (léngzhùtǐ)
* 筆柱 / 笔柱
* 箏柱 / 筝柱
* 絞柱 / 绞柱
* 綠柱玉 / 绿柱玉
* 綠柱石 / 绿柱石 (lǜzhùshí)
* 翦屏柱楣
* 肉柱
* 脊柱 (jǐzhù)
* 膏柱
* 膠柱 / 胶柱
* 膠柱調瑟 / 胶柱调瑟
* 膠柱鼓瑟 / 胶柱鼓瑟 (jiāozhùgǔsè)
* 臺柱 / 台柱 (táizhù)
* 花柱
* 虯柱 / 虬柱
* 蛤柱
* 螭頭柱 / 螭头柱
* 角柱 (jiǎozhù)
* 豎柱上梁
* 貝柱 / 贝柱
* 財柱 / 财柱
* 躉柱 / 趸柱
* 都柱
* 金柱
* 金雞柱 / 金鸡柱
* 銅柱 / 铜柱
* 鐵柱 / 铁柱
* 鐵柱宮 / 铁柱宫
* 鑿柱取書 / 凿柱取书
* 雁柱
* 雕柱
* 雕梁畫柱
* 雙柱 / 双柱
* 電柱 / 电柱
* 電燈柱 / 电灯柱 (diàndēngzhù)
* 露柱
* 音柱 (yīnzhù)
* 頂柱子 / 顶柱子
* 頂梁柱 (dǐngliángzhù)
* 題柱 / 题柱
* 題柱客 / 题柱客
* 題柱志 / 题柱志
* 題橋柱 / 题桥柱
* 題漢柱 / 题汉柱
* 飛柱 / 飞柱
* 馬援柱 / 马援柱
* 馬柱 / 马柱
* 馬甲柱 / 马甲柱
* 鳳凰柱 / 凤凰柱
* 鳳絲雁柱 / 凤丝雁柱
* 鵾柱 / 鹍柱
* 鶴柱 / 鹤柱
* 鼇柱 / 鳌柱
* 鼻柱
* 鼻無梁柱

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “same word as 拄?”)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhǔ, zhù (zhu$^3$, zhu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˇ, ㄓㄨˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǔ
*** Wade–Giles: chu$^3$
*** Yale: jǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juu
*** Palladius: чжу (čžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
*** Wade–Giles: chu$^4$
*** Yale: jù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
*** Palladius: чжу (čžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: trjuX
Rime :
| Character | 柱 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 知庾切 |
| Baxter | trjuX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈɨo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈio$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶio$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈuə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶio$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶĭu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶi̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zyu$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*toʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 柱 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 17608 |
| Phonetic component | 主 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 拄 |
| Old Chinese | /*toʔ/ |

#### Definitions

柱
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to support; to lean on
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to block; to obstruct

#### Compounds

* 功均柱地
* 撐天柱地 / 撑天柱地
* 柱地
* 柱天
* 柱天踏地
* 柱持
* 柱杖

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhǔ (zhu$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǔ
*** Wade–Giles: chu$^3$
*** Yale: jǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juu
*** Palladius: чжу (čžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴/
* Middle Chinese: trjuX
Rime :
| Character | 柱 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 知庾切 |
| Baxter | trjuX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈɨo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈio$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶio$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈuə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶio$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶĭu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶi̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zyu$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*toʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 柱 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 17608 |
| Phonetic component | 主 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 拄 |
| Old Chinese | /*toʔ/ |

#### Definitions

柱
* Only used in 柱夫.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 柱 |
| Kyūjitai | 柱󠄁 柱+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 柱󠄃 柱+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)
* pillar
* (geometry) prism, cylinder

#### Readings

* Go-on: じゅう (jū)
* Kan-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)
* Kun: はしら (hashira, 柱, Jōyō)、ことじ (kotoji)、ささえる (sasaeru)

#### Compounds

* 柱(ちゅう)石(せき) (chūseki)
* 柱(ちゅう)頭(とう) (chūtō)
* 琴柱(ことじ) (kotoji)
* 支(し)柱(ちゅう) (shichū)
* 水(すい)柱(ちゅう) (suichū)
* 石(せき)柱(ちゅう) (sekichū)
* 脊(せき)柱(ちゅう) (sekichū)
* 氷柱(つらら) (tsurara)
* 電(でん)柱(ちゅう) (denchū)
* 氷(ひょう)柱(ちゅう) (hyōchū)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 柱
* はしら Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pasira or *parira. Cognate with Okinawan 柱 (hāya).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はしら [hàshíráꜜ] (Odaka – [3])
* (Tokyo) はしら [hàshírá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠ɕiɾa̠]

#### Noun

柱(はしら) • (hashira)
* pillar

##### Derived terms

* 貝(かい)柱(ばしら) (kaibashira)
* 蚊(か)柱(ばしら) (kabashira)
* 霜(しも)柱(ばしら) (shimobashira)
* 心(しん)柱(ばしら) (shinbashira)
* 帆(ほ)柱(ばしら) (hobashira)
* 水(みず)柱(ばしら) (mizubashira)

#### Counter

柱(はしら) • (-hashira)
* gods, spirits, worshipped entity.
* spirit tablets, cremation remains.

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 柱
* ちゅう Grade: 3
* kan'on

#### Suffix

柱(ちゅう) • (-chū)
* (geometry) prism, cylinder

##### Derived terms

* 円(えん)柱(ちゅう) (enchū, “cylinder”)
* 角(かく)柱(ちゅう) (kakuchū, “polygonal prism”)
* 三(さん)角(かく)柱(ちゅう) (sankakuchū, “triangular prism”)
* 反(はん)角(かく)柱(ちゅう) (hankakuchū)

### References

* ↑ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “柱”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎ (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1122 (paper), page 612 (digital)
* ↑ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 677 (paper), page 351 (digital)
* 1 2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 柱 (MC drjuX). Recorded as Middle Korean 듀〮 (tywú) (Yale: tyu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 柱 (eumhun 기둥 주 (gidung ju))
* hanja form of 주 (“pillar”)

#### Compounds

* 각주 (角柱, gakju)
* 주랑 (柱廊, jurang)
* 주상 (柱狀, jusang)
* 주석 (柱石, juseok)
* 주초 (柱礎, jucho)
* 지주 (支柱, jiju)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

柱: Hán Nôm readings: trụ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.