# ḏsr
## Egyptian
### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /d͡ʒɛsɛr/
** Conventional anglicization: djeser

### Verb

3-lit.
* (intransitive) to be(come) sacred
* (transitive) to clear or keep clear (a road, a path) (+ n: for (someone))
* (transitive) to sunder, to separate, to isolate or segregate away (+ r: from)
* (intransitive) to be(come) separated from
* (transitive) to sanctify, to make sacred [chiefly Greco-Roman Period]

#### Inflection

infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive$^1$
singular
plural
ḏsr
ḏsrw, ḏsr
ḏsrt
ḏsr
ḏsr
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective$^2$
periphrastic prospective$^2$
ḏsr
ḥr ḏsr
m ḏsr
r ḏsr
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
ḏsr.n
ḏsrw, ḏsr
consecutive
ḏsr.jn
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
terminative
ḏsrt
perfective$^3$
ḏsr
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
obligative$^1$
ḏsr.ḫr
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
imperfective
ḏsr
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
prospective$^3$
ḏsr
ḏsrr
potentialis$^1$
ḏsr.kꜣ
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
subjunctive
ḏsr
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
ḏsr.n
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
perfective
ḏsr
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
ḏsr
ḏsr, ḏsrw$^5$, ḏsry$^5$
imperfective
ḏsr, ḏsry, ḏsrw$^5$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
ḏsr, ḏsrj$^6$, ḏsry$^6$
ḏsr, ḏsrw$^5$
prospective
ḏsr, ḏsrtj$^7$
ḏsrtj$^4$, ḏsrt$^4$
$^1$ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
$^2$ Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
$^3$ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
$^4$ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
$^5$ Only in the masculine singular.
$^6$ Only in the masculine.
$^7$ Only in the feminine. :

#### Alternative forms

ḏsr :

#### Derived terms

* bw ḏsr
* sḫm-pḥtj-ḏsr-ḫꜥw
* tꜣ-ḏsr
* ḏsr-kꜣ-rꜥ

### Proper noun

m
* a throne name notably borne by Djoser, a pharaoh of the Third Dynasty

#### Alternative forms

| ḏsr | ḏsr-it | ḏsr-sꜣ |
| [Ptolemaic Period] |
| from the famine stela on Sehel Island | Turin King List, damaged | Abydos King List, damaged |

#### References

* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volumes 609.11–614.14, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 324
* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 365.
* Leprohon, Ronald (2013) Denise Doxey, editor, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, →ISBN, page 32
* von Beckerath, Jürgen (1984) Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen, München: Deutscher Kunstverlag, →ISBN, pages 50, 176
* Gardiner, Alan (1959) The Royal Canon of Turin, III:5