OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# вулны
## Western Mari
### Etymology

From Proto-Mari *wŭlnə, from Proto-Uralic *wolnɜ. Cognates include Eastern Mari вулно (vulno).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈβulnə/
* Rhymes: -ulnə
* Hyphenation: вул‧ны

### Noun

вулны • (vulny)
* (chemistry) tin (Sn)

#### Declension
### References

* Savatkova, A. A. (2008) “вулны”, in Slovarʹ gornomarijskovo jazyka [Hill Mari language dictionary] (in Russian), Yoshkar-Ola: Mari publisher, →ISBN
# kúŋ
## Ghomala'
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -uŋ

### Verb

kúŋ alternate of ŋkúŋ
* to crawl, to walk on all fours
    Mú wə́ ŋkúŋ. ― The child is crawling.

### Noun

kúŋ class 1 singular of mkúŋ class 4
* mountain
    Mkúŋ Jo dó.There are several mountains in Bandjoun.(literally, “mountains of Bandjoun are full.”)

### Related terms

* kwɔ́' (“hill?”)
* kúkúŋ (“hill”)

### References

* Erika Eichholzer (editor) et al, Dictionnaire ghomala’ (2002)
* Minette Corrine Mokam Foko (2020), The Morphosyntax of Ghɔmáláʼ Verbs: Focus on Inherent Complement Verbs and Serial Verb Constructions

## Lakota
### Verb

kúŋ
* wish
# kehren
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkeːrən/, [ˈkeː.ʁən], [ˈkeː.ɐn], [keːɐ̯n], [kɛɐ̯n]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -eːʀən
* Homophone: Kern (monosyllabic with shortened vowel)

### Etymology 1

From Middle High German keren, kern, from Old High German kerian, kerien, from Proto-Germanic *karjaną.

#### Verb

kehren (weak, third-person singular present kehrt, past tense kehrte, past participle gekehrt, auxiliary haben)
* to sweep
    Synonym: fegen

##### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

##### Derived terms

* abkehren
* aufkehren
* auskehren
* etwas unter den Teppich kehren
* Kehraus
* Kehrbesen
* Kehrblech
* Kehricht
* Kehrmaschine
* Kehrschaufel
* Kehrwisch
* Kehrwoche
* vor der eigenen Tür kehren
* wegkehren
* zusammenkehren

### Etymology 2

From Middle High German kēren, from Old High German kēren, from Proto-Germanic *kaizwijaną. See char. Cognate with Hunsrik keere.

#### Verb

kehren (weak, third-person singular present kehrt, past tense kehrte, past participle gekehrt, auxiliary haben)
* (archaic outside Switzerland) to turn (change the direction of movement)
* (reflexive) to care about [with an (+ accusative)]

##### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

##### Synonyms

* kehrtmachen
* umdrehen
* wenden

##### Derived terms

* abkehren
* auskehren
* bekehren
* einkehren
* heimkehren
* Kehre
* Kehrreim
* Kehrseite
* kehrtmachen
* Kehrtwendung
* Kehrwert
* Rückkehr
* umkehren
* verkehren
* verkehrt
* wiederkehren
* zukehren
* zurückkehren

### Further reading

* “kehren” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “kehren” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “kehren” in OpenThesaurus.de
* “kehren (reinigen, putzen)” in Duden online
* “kehren (umdrehen, wenden)” in Duden online
# cnić
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ˈt͡sɲit͡ɕ/

### Verb

cnić impf
* (reflexive with się, impersonal, Kielce) Alternative form of cknić

### Further reading

* Zygmunt Wasilewski (1895) “cni się”, in “Słowniczek wyrazów ludowych we wsi Jaksicach”, in Prace Filologiczne (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw: skł. gł. w Księgarni E. Wende i Ska, page 91
# cosik
## Polish
### Etymology

From coś +‎ -ik.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡sɔ.ɕik/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ˈt͡sɔ.ɕik/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔɕik
* Syllabification: co‧sik

### Pronoun

cosik n
* (colloquial or dialectal, Kielce) something
    Synonym: coś

### Further reading

* cosik in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Zygmunt Wasilewski (1895) “cosik”, in “Słowniczek wyrazów ludowych we wsi Jaksicach”, in Prace Filologiczne (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw: skł. gł. w Księgarni E. Wende i Ska, page 91
# dešimtas
## Lithuanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̪ʲɛˈɕɪmˑ.t̪ɐs̪]

### Adjective

dešim̃tas m (feminine dešimtà, neuter dešim̃ta) stress pattern 4
* tenth

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ “dešimtas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
# морен
## Western Mari
### Etymology

Cognates include Eastern Mari мераҥ (meraŋ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmoren/
* Rhymes: -oren
* Hyphenation: мо‧рен

### Noun

морен • (moren)
* hare (Lepus)

#### Declension
### References

* Savatkova, A. A. (2008) “морен”, in Slovarʹ gornomarijskovo jazyka [Hill Mari language dictionary] (in Russian), Yoshkar-Ola: Mari publisher, →ISBN
* K. I. Belyaev & P. P. Romashkin (1944) Русско-Марийский Словарь [Russian-Mari Dictionary] (overall work in Russian), Kozmodemyansk: Маргосиздатын Кырык-Мары Филиал, page 99
# anksti
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Cognate with Old Prussian angstainai (“in the morning”); further origin outside of Baltic unclear. Various theories deriving the word from a metathesis of Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts (“night”) and comparing Proto-Germanic *unhtwǭ (“last part of the night”) and Ancient Greek ἀκτῑ́ς (aktī́s, “ray, beam”) are phonetically bold and semantically doubtful. Other derivations connecting the word to Sanskrit अञ्जसा (áñjasā, “straight on, quickly”) (for which see अञ्जस् (añjas, “speed, velocity”)) are dubious, due to the Sanskrit term seeming to derive from Proto-Indo-European *h₃engʷ- (“to smear, anoint”), while links to Proto-Slavic *nãglъ (“sudden, hasty”) and Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐍃 (anaks, “suddenly”) are questionable.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐŋks̪ˈt̪ʲɪ̂]

### Adverb

ankstì (comparative anksčiaũ, superlative anksčiáusiai)
* early, prematurely

### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “anksti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 56
* ↑ “anksti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “ankstì”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 16
# aftrek
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑf.trɛk/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: af‧trek

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from aftrekken.

#### Noun

aftrek m (plural aftrekken)
* deduction
    De belastingaangifte biedt verschillende mogelijkheden voor aftrek van bepaalde kosten. ― The tax return offers various options for deduction of certain expenses.
    De aftrek van zakelijke kosten kan de belastbare winst van een bedrijf verlagen. ― The deduction of business expenses can reduce the taxable profit of a company.
    Het is belangrijk om op de hoogte te zijn van alle mogelijke aftrekken bij het invullen van uw belastingaangifte. ― It is important to be aware of all possible deductions when filling out your tax return.

##### Derived terms

* hypotheekrenteaftrek

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

aftrek
* first-person singular dependent-clause present indicative of aftrekken

### Anagrams

* trek af
# استعمال کرنا
## Urdu
### Verb

اِسْتِعْمال کَرْنا • (isti'māl karnā) (Hindi spelling इस्तेमाल करना)
* to use, consume, employ, utilise, expend
    Synonym: اُپْیوگ کَرْنا (upyog karnā)

#### Conjugation

* Note: The second-person polite form آپ (āp) uses the third-person plural conjugation.
# кӹшкӹ
## Western Mari
### Etymology

From Proto-Mari *kĭškə, ultimately from Proto-Uralic *kije. Cognates include Eastern Mari кишке (kiške).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkə̈ʃkə̈/
* Rhymes: -ə̈ʃkə̈
* Hyphenation: кӹш‧кӹ

### Noun

кӹшкӹ • (kÿškÿ)
* snake

#### Declension
### References

* Savatkova, A. A. (2008) “кӹшкӹ”, in Slovarʹ gornomarijskovo jazyka [Hill Mari language dictionary] (in Russian), Yoshkar-Ola: Mari publisher, →ISBN
* K. I. Belyaev & P. P. Romashkin (1944) Русско-Марийский Словарь [Russian-Mari Dictionary] (overall work in Russian), Kozmodemyansk: Маргосиздатын Кырык-Мары Филиал, page 100
# makacs
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Of unknown origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmɒkɒt͡ʃ]
* Hyphenation: ma‧kacs
* Rhymes: -ɒt͡ʃ

### Adjective

makacs (comparative makacsabb, superlative legmakacsabb)
* stubborn (refusing to move or change one's opinion)
    Synonyms: konok, nyakas

#### Declension

or

#### Derived terms

* makacskodik
* makacsság
* makacsul

### References

* ↑ makacs in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* makacs in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

### Anagrams

* macska
# saunas
## English
### Noun

saunas
* plural of sauna

### Verb

saunas
* third-person singular simple present indicative of sauna

### Anagrams

* Assuan, Nassau

## Estonian
### Noun

saunas
* inessive singular of saun

## Lithuanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɒʊ̯.nɐs/

### Noun

sáunas
* accusative plural of sáuna (“sauna”)

## Portuguese
### Noun

saunas
* plural of sauna

## Spanish
### Noun

saunas f pl
* plural of sauna
# dapus
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈdapus/ [ˈda.pʊs]
* Rhymes: -apus
* Syllabification: da‧pus

### Noun

dapus (plural dapus-dapus)
* (education) Acronym of daftar pustaka.
# jautis
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yewg- (“to yoke, harness, join”). Compare Ancient Greek ζεύγνυμι (zeúgnumi, “to joke”) and Latin iungō (“I join”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjɒʊ̯.t̪ʲɪs̪]

### Noun

jáutis m (plural jaučiai) stress pattern 1
* ox

#### Derived terms

* jáutiena
# arvensis
## Latin
### Etymology

From arvus (“arable”) or specifically substantivized arvum (“field”) +‎ -ēnsis.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /arˈu̯en.sis/, [ärˈu̯ẽːs̠ɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /arˈven.sis/, [ärˈvɛnsis]

### Adjective

arvēnsis (neuter arvēnse); third-declension two-termination adjective
* from the field, meadow or grassland

#### Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

#### Descendants

* → Italian: arvense
* → Spanish: arvense
# daftar pustaka
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of daftar (“lists”) +‎ pustaka (“book”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌdaf.tar pusˈta.ka/, [ˌdaf.t̪ar pusˈt̪a.ka]

### Noun

daftar pustaka (plural daftar-daftar pustaka)
* reference: a short written identification of a previously published work which is used as a source for a text.
    Synonym: referensi

#### Alternative forms

* dapus

### Further reading

* “daftar pustaka” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# drzeć
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* drzéć (Far Masovian, Kielce, Przemyśl)
* drzyć (Przemyśl, Kielce)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dertì, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *derˀtéi, from Proto-Indo-European *dér-ti ~ *dr-énti, from the root *der-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdʐɛt͡ɕ/
* (Masovia):
** (Near Masovian) IPA: /ˈdʐɛt͡ɕ/
* Audio 1; “drzeć”:(file)
* Audio 2; “drzeć się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: drzeć

### Verb

drzeć impf (perfective podrzeć)
* (transitive) to tear cloth, paper or similar material; to rend
    Synonym: rwać
* (intransitive, obsolete) to rush
* (reflexive with się, colloquial) to yell; to speak very loudly
* (reflexive with się, colloquial) to scream; to cry
* (reflexive with się, Near Masovian) to yell, to argue [with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’]
    Synonym: kłócić się

#### Derived terms

* dodrzeć pf, dodzierać impf
* naddrzeć pf, naddzierać impf
* nadedrzeć pf, naddzierać impf
* nadrzeć pf
* obedrzeć pf, obdzierać impf
* odedrzeć pf, oddzierać impf
* odrzeć pf, odzierać impf
* podedrzeć pf, poddzierać impf
* przedrzeć pf, przedzierać impf
* przydrzeć pf, przydzierać impf
* rozedrzeć pf, rozdzierać impf
* udrzeć pf, udzierać impf
* wedrzeć pf, wdzierać impf
* wydrzeć pf, wydzierać impf
* zadrzeć pf, zadzierać impf
* zedrzeć pf, zdzierać impf
* dziara

#### Related terms

* dziarać impf, wydziarać pf

### Further reading

* drzeć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* drzeć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Zygmunt Wasilewski (1889) “drzeć”, in Jagodne: wieś w powiecie łukowskim, gminie Dąbie: zarys etnograficzny (in Polish), Warsaw: M. Arct, page 241
# pydaras
## Lithuanian
### Alternative forms

* pỹderas

### Etymology

From Russian пидора́с (pidorás).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpʲiː.dɐ.rɐs/

### Noun

pỹdaras m (plural pydarai) stress pattern 2
* (derogatory, vulgar, offensive) faggot
** (Can we verify this quotation?) Tu mažas pydare, gali ateiti pas mane ir pasilinksminti bet kada.
    You little faggot, you can come to me and have fun anytime.
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

#### Related terms

* pederãstas m
# debesuotas
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

debesìs (“cloud”) +‎ -uotas.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dʲɛ.bʲɛˈsûə.tɐs/

### Adjective

debesúotas m (feminine debesúota) stress pattern 1
* cloudy

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “debesìs”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 96
# galanty
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German galant. Compare Kashubian galant.

### Pronunciation

* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ɡaˈlan.tɘ/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ɡaˈlan.tɘ/

### Adjective

galanty (derived adverb galanto or galancie)
* (Far Masovian, Kielce) gallant (excellent, convenient, neat, accurate; beautiful, comely)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:dobry
    Móm galantego kawaléra. (Far Masovian) ― I have a gallant young man.

### Further reading

* Antoni Waga (1860) “galanty”, in “Abecadłowy spis wyrazów ludowego języka w okolicach Łomży, Wizny i przyległych”, in Kazimierz Władysław Wóycicki, editor, Biblioteka Warszawska (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 751
* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “galanty”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 108
* Władysław Siarkowski (1878) “galanty”, in “Materiały do etnografii ludu polskiego z okolic Kielc”, in Zbiór wiadomości do antropologii krajowej (in Polish), volume 2, chapter 3, Krakow: Komisyja Antropologiczna Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, page 247
* Zygmunt Wasilewski (1895) “galanty”, in “Słowniczek wyrazów ludowych we wsi Jaksicach”, in Prace Filologiczne (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw: skł. gł. w Księgarni E. Wende i Ska, page 91
# лото
## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɫɔtɔ]

### Noun

лото • (loto) n
* lotto

#### Declension
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫɐˈto]
* Rhymes: -o

### Noun

лото́ • (lotó) n inan (indeclinable)
* lotto (game of chance similar to bingo)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lôto/
* Hyphenation: ло‧то

### Noun

ло̏то m (Latin spelling lȍto)
* lotto

## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫɔˈtɔ]

### Noun

лото́ • (lotó) n inan (indeclinable)
* lotto (game of chance similar to bingo)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “лото”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “лото”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
# ebtanas
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ɛbˈtanas/ [ɛp̚ˈt̪a.nas]
* Rhymes: -anas
* Syllabification: eb‧ta‧nas

### Noun

ebtanas (plural ebtanas-ebtanas)
* (education) Acronym of evaluasi belajar tahap akhir nasional.
# navatʉ
## Kanakanabu
### Noun

navatʉ
* guava
# nivanga
## Kanakanabu
### Noun

nivanga
* banana
# eskul
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /əsˈkul/ [əsˈkʊl]
* Rhymes: -ul
* Syllabification: es‧kul

### Noun

eskul (plural eskul-eskul)
* (education) Acronym of ekstrakurikuler (“extracurricular”).

### Further reading

* “eskul” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# refrigeration
## English
### Etymology

From Latin refrigero Morphologically refrigerate +‎ -ion

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

refrigeration (countable and uncountable, plural refrigerations)
* The process of transferring heat from an object in order to cool it.
* The process of preserving something by cooling.
* (medicine) The cooling of the body for therapeutic purposes.

#### Derived terms

* ton of refrigeration

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
# wardrobe malfunction
## English
### Etymology

An Americanism, coined by singer Justin Timberlake in 2004 to describe the incident during Super Bowl XXXVIII in which singer Janet Jackson's right breast was bared.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

wardrobe malfunction (plural wardrobe malfunctions)
* (euphemistic) An accidental counterpart of indecent exposure caused by a fault in someone's clothing (especially that of a performer) or by an error made while changing clothes.
    Hyponym: nip slip
** 2007 September 4, Kathleen McElroy, “But Wait! Djokovic Is Still Playing”, in New York Times Straight Sets‎, retrieved 2021-04-17:Monaco, a 23-year-old Argentinian seeded No. 23, survived the most unlikely wardrobe malfunction to save a match point and win a third-set tiebreaker, 8-6.

#### Usage notes

* The regions of the body within the scope of such a "malfunction" usually refers to erogenous regions of the body. Sometimes more specific terms are used, such as nip slip.

#### Derived terms

* wardrobe malfunctioner

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### See also

* Nipplegate
# xíngcān
## Mandarin
### Romanization

xíngcān (Zhuyin ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄘㄢ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 形參 / 形参
# et sineği
## Turkish
### Noun

et sineği (definite accusative et sineğini, plural et sinekleri)
* flesh fly; a member of family Sarcophagidae
# Caretta caretta
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Caretta caretta f
* A taxonomic species within the family Cheloniidae – loggerhead sea turtle.

#### Synonyms

* (species): loggerhead, loggerhead turtle; for taxonomic synonyms see Caretta caretta on Wikispecies.Wikispecies

#### Hypernyms

* (species): Testudines – order; Cryptodira – suborder; Chelonioidea – superfamily; Cheloniidae – family; Carettinae – subfamily; Caretta – genus

#### Coordinate terms

* (species in Carettinae): Lepidochelys kempii (Kemp's ridley sea turtle), Lepidochelys olivacea (olive ridley sea turtle) – extant species; †Lepidochelys waikatoica – extinct species

### References

* Caretta caretta on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Caretta caretta on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Caretta caretta on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Caretta caretta at Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
* Caretta caretta at National Center for Biotechnology Information
* Caretta caretta at AnimalBase
* Caretta_caretta at Animal Diversity Web
* Caretta caretta at World Register of Marine Species
* Caretta caretta at Paleobiology Database
# siklöja
## Swedish
### Etymology

sik +‎ löja

### Noun

siklöja c
* a vendace (Coregonus albula)

#### Related terms

* löjrom

### Further reading

* siklöja in Svensk ordbok.
# ஐயம்
## Tamil
### Etymology

Cognate with Malayalam ഐയം (aiyaṁ). Doublet of அயிர்ப்பு (ayirppu). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
The Madras University Tamil Lexicon speculates a borrowing from Sanskrit संशय (saṃśaya). If so, cognate with Malayalam സംശയം (saṁśayaṁ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aijam/

### Noun

ஐயம் • (aiyam)
* doubt, uncertainty
    Synonym: சந்தேகம் (cantēkam)
* alms

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ University of Madras (1924–1936) “ஐயம்”, in Tamil Lexicon, Madras [Chennai]: Diocesan Press, page 580
# թրջել
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian թրջեմ (tʻrǰem).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /tʰəɾˈt͡ʃʰel/, [tʰəɾt͡ʃʰél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /təɾˈt͡ʃel/, [tʰəɾt͡ʃʰél]
* Hyphenation: թըր‧ջել

### Verb

թրջել • (tʻrǰel)
* (transitive) to wet, make wet, moisten

#### Inflection

*colloquial **dated
*colloquial **dated

## Old Armenian
### Verb

թրջել • (tʻrǰel)
* infinitive of թրջեմ (tʻrǰem)
# բացակա
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian բացակայ (bacʻakay).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /bɑt͡sʰɑˈkɑ/, [bɑt͡sʰɑkɑ́]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /pɑt͡sɑˈɡɑ/, [pʰɑt͡sʰɑɡɑ́]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Adjective

բացակա • (bacʻaka) (traditional orthography spelling բացակայ)
* absent
    Coordinate term: ներկա (nerka)

#### Related terms

* բացակայություն (bacʻakayutʻyun)
# գործարան
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian գործարան (gorcaran).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɡoɾt͡sɑˈɾɑn/, [ɡoɾt͡sɑɾɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /koɾd͡zɑˈɾɑn/, [kʰoɾd͡zɑɾɑ́n]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

գործարան • (gorcaran)
* factory, plant
    Synonym: (colloquial) զավոդ (zavod)
    կոնյակի գործարան ― konyaki gorcaran ― brandy factory
    քիմիական գործարան ― kʻimiakan gorcaran ― chemical factory
    գործարանը կանգնել՝ կանգ առնել ― gorcaranə kangnel, kang aṙnel ― to shut down a factory, to stop all the work in a factory
* (dialectal, Istanbul) toilet
    Synonym: արտաքնոց (artakʻnocʻ)
* organ (larger part of an organism, composed of tissues that perform similar functions)
    Synonym: օրգան (ōrgan)

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

գործ (gorc) +‎ -արան (-aran)

### Noun

գործարան • (gorcaran)
* manufactory
* instrument
* (anatomy) organ

#### Descendants

* Armenian: գործարան (gorcaran)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գործարան”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# Աժդահակ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian Աժդահակ (Aždahak).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑʒdɑˈhɑk/, [ɑʒdɑhɑ́k]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑʃtɑˈhɑɡ/, [ɑʃtʰɑhɑ́ɡ]

### Proper noun

Աժդահակ • (Aždahak)
* (Armenian mythology) Azhdahak
* Azhdahak (mountain)

#### Related terms

* աժդահա (aždaha)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From Parthian *aždahāk (compare Manichaean Parthian 𐫀𐫋𐫅𐫍𐫀𐫃 (ʾjdhʾg /⁠aždahāg⁠/)), from Avestan 𐬀𐬲𐬌⸱𐬛𐬀𐬵𐬁𐬐𐬀 (aži.dahāka), a figure of Iranian mythology. See Persian اژدها (aždahâ) for more.

### Proper noun

Աժդահակ • (Aždahak)
* (Armenian mythology) Azhdahak
* (historical) Astyages
** 5th? century, Movsēs Xorenacʻi, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ [History of Armenia]

#### Descendants

* Armenian: Աժդահակ (Aždahak)

### References

* Anonymous disciples of Mxitʻar Sebastacʻi (1769) “Աժդահակ”, in Baṙgirkʻ Haykazean lezui. Baṙaran yatuk anuancʻ [Dictionary of the Armenian Language. Dictionary of Proper Names]‎ (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Russel J. R. (1987) “AŽDAHĀ: iv. Armenian Aždahak”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York, retrieved 2013-08-25
# զզվանք
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* զզուանք (zzuankʻ) — traditional orthography

### Etymology

From Old Armenian զզուանք (zzuankʻ).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /zəzˈvɑnkʰ/, [zəzvɑ́ŋkʰ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /zəzˈvɑnk/, [zəzvɑ́ŋkʰ]

### Noun

զզվանք • (zzvankʻ)
* disgust, repulsion
* disgusting person