# ܐܝܕܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology 1

From Aramaic יְדָא (yəḏā), from Proto-Semitic *yad-; compare Arabic يَد (yad), Hebrew יָד (yád) and Akkadian 𒀉 (idum, “arm”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʔiːðɑː]
* (Nineveh Plains) IPA: [ʔiːdɑː]

#### Noun

ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ • (īḏā) f sg (plural ܐܝܼ̈ܕ݂ܹܐ (īḏē) or ܐܝܼ̈ܕ݂ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (īḏāṯā) or ܐܝܼ̈ܕ݂ܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (īḏawwāṯā))
* (anatomy) hand
    ܫܓ݂ܝܼܫ ܠܹܗ ܐܝܼܕ݂ܝܼ. ― He shook my hand.
    ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ ܠܵܐ ܡܵܪܥܝܼ ― īḏāḵ lā mārˁī ― May your hands not hurt
    ܝܼܠܵܗ̇ ܒܐܝܼܕ݂ܝܼīlāh bīḏīI can control it/it is in my power(literally, “It is in my hand”)
    ܓܲܒ݂ܪܵܐ ܪܓ݂ܝܼܙ ܠܹܗ ܘܡܨܘܼܪܦܸܚ ܠܹܗ ܐܝܼܕ݂ܹܗ ܥܲܠ ܦܵܬ݂ܘܿܪܵܐ.gaḇrā rḡīz lēh w-mṣurpiḥ lēh īḏēh ˁal pāṯōrā.The man got angry and slapped his hand on the table.
** 1 Peter 1:5:
    ܒܵܣ ܡܲܟܦܘܼܢ ܢܲܦ̮ܫܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܬ݇ܚܘܿܬ݂ ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ ܚܲܝܠܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ، ܕܡܲܪܸܡ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܒܥܸܕܵܢܵܐ ܚܫܝܼܚܬܵܐ.bās makpūn nafšḵōn ḥōṯ īḏā ḥaylānīṯā d-allāhā, d-marrim lāwḵōn b-ˁiddānā ḥšīḥtā.Therefore humble yourselves under the mighty hand of God, that He may exalt you in due time.
* (animal anatomy) paw
* (card games) hand
* (soccer) hand foul
* (figuratively) power, might, dominion

##### Usage notes

* The plural ܐܝܼ̈ܕ݂ܹܐ (īḏē) is used for literal or animate senses of the same possession while ܐܝܼ̈ܕ݂ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (īḏāṯā) is used for the possession of more than one as well as for figurative or inanimate senses.

##### Derived terms

* ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ ܒܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ (īḏā b-īḏā, “hand in hand”)
* ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܢܵܐ (īḏānā, “handy”)
* ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܢܵܝܵܐ (īḏānāyā, “manual”)
* ܒܝܲܕ݂ (byaḏ, “by”)
* ܩܲܕ݇ܡ ܐܝܼܕ݂ܵܐ (qam īḏā, “at hand”)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Aramaic אַיְדָּא (ʾaydā), from אַי (ʾay) +‎ הָדֵּא (hāḏē, “this”), hence from Proto-Semitic *ʔayy-; compare Hebrew אֵיזוֹ (éizo) and Arabic أَيَّة (ʔayya).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [ʔay.daː.]

#### Pronoun

ܐܲܝܕܵܐ • (aydā) (masculine ܐܲܝܢܵܐ (aynā), plural ܐܲܝܠܹܝܢ (aylēn))
* (interrogative) which
    ܐܲܝܕܵܐ ܟܵܘܬ݂ܵܐ ܦܬ݂ܝܼܚܬܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܬ݇.aydā kāwṯā pṯīḥtā ìwā.Which window was open?
    ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܝܵܕ݂ܥܹܢ ܐܲܝܕܵܐ ܓܘܼܒܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܡܫܲܥܠܹܐ.lā kē yāḏˁēn aydā gubṯā d-kē mšaˁlē.I don't know which cheese he prefers.

##### Usage notes

Many dialects only use the masculine form regardless of gender or plural.

##### Derived terms

* ܐܲܝܕܵܐ ܕܗܵܘܝܵܐ (aydā d-hāwyā, “Whichever one; Any of them.”)

## Classical Syriac
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *yad-.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʔiðɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [ʔiðe], [ʔiðajjɑ], [ʔiðawwɑθɑ], [ʔiðahhɑθɑ] (plural)

#### Noun

ܐܝܕܐ • (ˀīḏā) f (plural ܐܝܕܗܬܐ or ܐܝܕܘܬܐ or ܐܝܕܝܐ or ܐܝܕܐ)
* (anatomy) hand; forearm, arm
* fist
* (animal anatomy) paw, forepaw
* glove
* armrest
* handle
* axle (of a wheel)
* clapper (of a bell)
* side, bank, shore
* (figuratively) power, might, dominion
* (figuratively) laying on of hands, ordination

##### Usage notes

Usually, the plurals ܐܝܕܐ (ʾīḏē) and ܐܝܕܝܐ (ʾīḏayyā) are used for literal or animate senses while ܐܝܕܘܬܐ (ʾīḏawwāṯā) and ܐܝܕܗܬܐ (ʾīḏahhāṯā) are used for figurative or inanimate senses.

##### Derived terms

* ܒܝܕ
* ܒܪ ܐܝܕܐ
* ܟܬܒܬ ܐܝܕܐ
Synonyms
* ܙܪܬܐ

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʔe(j)ðɑ] (singular)
* IPA: [ʔe(j)ðe] (plural)

#### Noun

ܐܝܕܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܐܝܕܐ)
* Alternative form of ܥܐܕܐ

##### Inflection
### References

* “yd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pages 136b–137a
* Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 186a
* Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 31b

## Turoyo
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

ܐܝܕ݂ܳܐ • (iḏo) f (plural ܐܝܕ݂ܶܐ (iḏe) or ܐܝܕ݂ܳܬ݂ܶܐ (iḏoṯe))
* (anatomy) hand