# 梓弓
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 梓 | 弓 |
| あずさ Jinmeiyō | ゆみ Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||

### Etymology

From Old Japanese.
From 梓 (azusa, “Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa)”) +‎ 弓 (yumi, “bow”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あずさゆみ [àzúsáꜜ yùmì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [a̠zɨsa̠ jɯ̟mʲi]

### Noun

梓(あずさ)弓(ゆみ) • (azusa yumi)
* a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch, Betula grossa [early 700s]
** 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 1, poem 20)
    あづさ弓(ゆみ)押(お)して春雨(はるさめ)けふふりぬあすさへふらば若(わか)菜(な)つみてむ
       azusa yumi oshite harusame kyō furinu asu sae furaba wakana tsumiten
       Today there fell rains for spring, season calling tautened birchwood bows. If they but fall tomorrow, we will be picking young greens.
    Synonym: 梓 (azusa)
* a small musical bow used by 梓巫女 (azusa miko) to summon spirits [early 1600s]
* allusion to いる (iru), はる (haru), or ひく (hiku)
    from the pulling of an azusa yumi bowstring, punning the verbs 射る (iru, “to shoot”), 張る (haru, “to stretch”), or 引く (hiku, “to pull”)
* allusion to もと (moto)
    from the base part of an azusa yumi bowstring, punning 元 (moto, “origin, base”)
* allusion to かへる (kaferu → kaeru)
** 1124–27, Kin'yō Wakashū (book 8, poem 480; second version)
    あづさ弓(ゆみ)かへるあしたの思(おも)ひには引(ひ)きくらぶべきことのなきかな
       azusa yumi kaeru ashita no omoi ni wa hiki-kurabu beki koto no naki kana
       (please add an English translation of this example)
    from the return of the azusa yumi bowstring after shooting an arrow, punning 返る (kaeru, “to return”)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Helen Craig McCullough (1985) Kokin Wakashū: The First Imperial Anthology of Japanese Poetry : with Tosa Nikki and Shinsen Waka, illustrated, reprint edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 18

## Old Japanese
### Etymology

From 梓 (adusa, “Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa)”) +‎ 弓 (yumi$_1$, “bow”).

### Noun

梓弓 (adusa yumi$_1$) (kana あづさゆみ)
* a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa)
** 711–712, Kojiki, poem 51:知波夜比登宇遅能和多理邇和多理是邇多弖流阿豆佐由美麻由美伊岐良牟登許許呂波母閇杼伊斗良牟登許許呂波母閇杼母登弊波岐美袁淤母比傅須恵幣波伊毛袁淤母比傅伊良那祁久曾許爾淤母比傅加那志祁久許許爾淤母比傅伊岐良受曾久流阿豆佐由美麻由美tipaya-pi$_1$to$_2$ Udi no$_2$ watari ni watarize ni tateru adusa yumi$_1$ mayumi$_1$ i-ki$_1$ramu to$_2$ ko$_2$ko$_2$ro$_2$ pa mo$_2$pe$_2$do$_2$ i-to$_2$ramu to$_2$ ko$_2$ko$_2$ro$_2$ pa mo$_2$pe$_2$do$_2$ mo$_2$to$_2$pe$_1$ pa ki$_1$mi$_1$ wo omo$_2$pi$_1$de suwepe$_1$ pa imo$_1$ wo omo$_2$pi$_1$de iranake$_1$ku so$_2$ko$_2$ ni omo$_2$pi$_1$de kanasike$_1$ku ko$_2$ko$_2$ ni omo$_2$pi$_1$de i-ki$_1$razu so$_2$ kuru adusa yumi$_1$ mayumi$_1$(please add an English translation of this quotation)
    Synonym: 梓 (adusa)
* allusion to い (i), いる (iru), はる (paru), or ひく (pi$_1$ku)
    from the pulling of an azusa yumi bowstring, punning the verbs 射る (iru, “to shoot”), 張る (paru, “to stretch”), or 引く (pi$_1$ku, “to pull”)
* allusion to もと (moto$_2$), すゑ (suwe), or つる (turu)
    from the names of parts of an azusa yumi bow, punning 元 (moto$_2$, “origin, base”), 末 (suwe, “end, tip”), or 弦 (turu, “bowstring”)
* allusion to よる (yo$_1$ru)
    from the point between the origin and end when pulling an azusa yumi bowstring, punning the verb 寄る (yo$_1$ru, “to approach, draw near”)
* allusion to おと (oto$_2$) or や (ya)
    from the sound of releasing the bowstring when shooting an arrow, punning 音 (oto$_2$, “sound”) or 矢 (ya, “arrow”)

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 梓弓 (azusayumi)

#### See also

* 槻弓 (tuki$_2$yumi$_1$, tukuyumi$_1$, “bow made from the wood of the Japanese zelkova, Zelkova serrata”)
* 檀弓 (mayumi$_1$, “bow made from the wood of the Japanese spindle tree, Euonymus hamiltonianus”)