# 毀

| 毀 | U+6BC0, &#27584; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BC0 |
| ← 殿 [U+6BBF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 毁 → [U+6BC1] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 毀 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𭮳 |
| Simplified | 毁 |

### Han character

毀 (Kangxi radical 79, 殳+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹土竹弓水 (HGHNE), four-corner 7714$_7$, composition ⿰⿱臼土殳)

#### Derived characters

* 𡒂, 𡢶, 𢶙, 檓, 燬, 𥼹, 譭, 𦽐, 𥵓, 𨷕, 𡢕, 㩓, 𥽂, 𧝷, 䥣

#### Related characters

* 毁 (Simplified Chinese)

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 586, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16654
* Dae Jaweon: page 979, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 3, page 2162, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6BC0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 毀 | *hmralʔ, *hmrals |
| 燬 | *hmralʔ |
| 檓 | *hmralʔ |
| 毇 | *hmralʔ |
| 譭 | *hmralʔ |
* Sears interprets it as Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 臼 (“cracked skull”) + 工 (“tool”) + 殳 (“hand action”), a man being hit in the head.
* Liu Zhao interprets it as Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hmralʔ, *hmrals): phonetic 𬛸 + semantic 殳 (“hand holding staff; strike”)
* Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hmralʔ, *hmrals): abbreviated phonetic 毇 (OC *hmralʔ) + semantic 土

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): huǐ (hui$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hui$^3$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): huì
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): huǐ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wai$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fei$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fii$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fí
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kui$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): xui$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): hǒ
* Eastern Min (BUC): hūi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hui$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): húi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huin$^2$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^5$hue / $^3$hue / $^3$huai / $^3$huei
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huěi
*** Wade–Giles: hui$^3$
*** Yale: hwěi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hoei
*** Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: hui$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xui
*** Sinological IPA : /xuei⁵³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: huì
*** Sinological IPA : /xuei⁵³/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: huǐ
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): hui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /xuəi¹¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wai$^2$
*** Yale: wái
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wai$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wei$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐi̯³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: fei$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /fei⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fii$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɨi²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fí
*** Hakka Romanization System: fi$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /fi³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰuɪ³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: xui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕuei⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hǒ
*** Sinological IPA : /xo²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hūi
*** Sinological IPA : /hui³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hui⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hui³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: húi
*** Tâi-lô: huí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huie
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hui⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /hui⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: huin$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: húiⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /hũĩ⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$hue
*** MiniDict: hue$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$hue
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /hue³⁴/
** (Northern: Suzhou, Kunshan, Jiaxing, Shaoxing)
*** Wugniu: $^3$hue
*** MiniDict: hue$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /hue⁵¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /xuei⁵²/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /hue⁴³³/
*** Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /hue³³⁵/
** (Northern: Changzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^3$huai
*** MiniDict: huai$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /huai⁴⁵/
** (Northern: Hangzhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
*** Wugniu: $^3$huei
*** MiniDict: huei$^上$
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /hui⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /huɐɪ³²⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /huai³⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: fei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɸe̞i̯⁴¹/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit毀 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /xuei²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /xuei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /xuei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /xuei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /xue⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /xuei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /xuei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /xuɨ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /xuei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /xuei⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /xuei⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /xuei⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /xuei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /xuei⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /xuei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /xuəi²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /xue²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /xuei⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xuei⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /xuei⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /hue³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /hue̞⁵¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /hui⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ɕy⁴²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /xue³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /xuə²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /fei⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɸəi⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /fɨi²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰui³¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /fui³¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wɐi³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /wɐi³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /wɐi³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kui⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /huoi³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xo²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /hũi⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ui²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: xjweX
Rime :
| Character | 毀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (14) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 許委切 |
| Baxter | xjweX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hˠiuᴇ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hʷᵚiɛ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiuɛ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hjwiə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /xjue$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /xǐwe$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xwie̯$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fai$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m̥](r)ajʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hmralʔ/, /*hmrals/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 毀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | huǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xjwe$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[m̥](r)ajʔ/ |
| English | demolish |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 毀 | 毀 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5451 | 5456 |
| Phonetic component | 毀 | 毀 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 毀 | 毁 |
| Old Chinese | /*hmralʔ/ | /*hmrals/ |

#### Definitions

毀
* to destroy; to ruin
    毀了自己的前途／毁了自己的前途 ― huǐ le zìjǐ de qiántú ― to ruin one's own future
* to slander
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Shūsūn Wǔ Shū huǐ Zhòngní. Zǐ Gòng yuē: “Wúyǐ wéi yě! Zhòngní bùkě huǐ yě. [Pinyin]
    Shu Sun Wu Shu having spoken revilingly of Zhong Ni, Zi Gong said, "It is of no use doing so. Zhong Ni cannot be reviled.
* a surname, Hui

##### Synonyms

* (to destroy):
* 亂 / 乱 (luàn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 僝僽 (chánzhòu) (literary)
* 圮毀 / 圮毁 (pǐhuǐ) (literary)
* 壞 / 坏 (huài)
* 打掉 (dǎdiào)
* 損壞 / 损坏 (sǔnhuài)
* 損毀 / 损毁 (sǔnhuǐ)
* 搗砸 / 捣砸 (dau$^2$ zah$^5$) (Jin)
* 摧殘 / 摧残 (cuīcán)
* 摧毀 / 摧毁 (cuīhuǐ)
* 毀壞 / 毁坏 (huǐhuài)
* 毀損 / 毁损 (huǐsǔn)
* 決裂 / 决裂 (juéliè) (archaic)
* 破 (pò) (literary, or in compounds)
* 破壞 / 破坏 (pòhuài)
* 糟 (zāo) (literary, or in compounds)
* 糟蹋 (zāotà)
* 隳 (huī) (literary, or in compounds)

#### Compounds

* 哀毀骨立 / 哀毁骨立 (āihuǐgǔlì)
* 圮毀 / 圮毁 (pǐhuǐ)
* 坍毀 / 坍毁
* 墜毀 / 坠毁 (zhuìhuǐ)
* 巢毀卵破 / 巢毁卵破
* 平毀 / 平毁 (pínghuǐ)
* 拆毀 / 拆毁 (chāihuǐ)
* 損毀 / 损毁 (sǔnhuǐ)
* 搗毀 / 捣毁 (dǎohuǐ)
* 摧毀 / 摧毁 (cuīhuǐ)
* 撕毀 / 撕毁 (sīhuǐ)
* 擊毀 / 击毁
* 柴毀 / 柴毁
* 柴毀滅性 / 柴毁灭性
* 柴毀骨立 / 柴毁骨立
* 殺馬毀車 / 杀马毁车
* 毀不滅性 / 毁不灭性
* 毀傷 / 毁伤 (huǐshāng)
* 毀壞 / 毁坏 (huǐhuài)
* 毀宗夷族 / 毁宗夷族
* 毀害 / 毁害
* 毀容 / 毁容 (huǐróng)
* 毀家紓國 / 毁家纾国
* 毀家紓難 / 毁家纾难 (huǐjiāshūnàn)
* 毀屍滅跡 / 毁尸灭迹 (huǐshīmièjì)
* 毀廉蔑恥 / 毁廉蔑耻
* 毀形滅性 / 毁形灭性
* 毀打 / 毁打
* 毀掉 / 毁掉 (huǐdiào)
* 毀損 / 毁损 (huǐsǔn)
* 毀損罪 / 毁损罪
* 毀敗 / 毁败
* 毀方投圓 / 毁方投圆
* 毀方瓦合 / 毁方瓦合
* 毀於一旦 / 毁于一旦 (huǐyúyīdàn)
* 毀棄 / 毁弃
* 毀滅 / 毁灭 (huǐmiè)
* 毀熸 / 毁熸
* 毀瓦畫墁 / 毁瓦画墁
* 毀疾 / 毁疾
* 毀瘠 / 毁瘠
* 毀短 / 毁短
* 毀約 / 毁约 (huǐyuē)
* 毀舟為杕 / 毁舟为杕
* 毀言 / 毁言
* 毀訾 / 毁訾
* 毀謗 / 毁谤 (huǐbàng)
* 毀譽 / 毁誉 (huǐyù)
* 毀譽參半 / 毁誉参半 (huǐyùcānbàn)
* 毀車殺馬 / 毁车杀马
* 毀鐘為鐸 / 毁钟为铎
* 毀顏 / 毁颜
* 毀風敗俗 / 毁风败俗
* 毀齒 / 毁齿
* 求全之毀 / 求全之毁
* 炸毀 / 炸毁 (zhàhuǐ)
* 焚毀 / 焚毁 (fénhuǐ)
* 燒毀 / 烧毁 (shāohuǐ)
* 痛毀極詆 / 痛毁极诋
* 眾毀所歸 / 众毁所归
* 砸毀 / 砸毁 (záhuǐ)
* 破璧毀珪 / 破璧毁珪
* 積毀銷骨 / 积毁销骨
* 自毀長城 / 自毁长城 (zìhuǐchángchéng)
* 裂冠毀冕 / 裂冠毁冕
* 覆巢毀卵 / 覆巢毁卵
* 詆毀 / 诋毁 (dǐhuǐ)
* 謗毀 / 谤毁 (bànghuǐ)
* 車毀人亡 / 车毁人亡 (chēhuǐrénwáng)
* 銷毀 / 销毁 (xiāohuǐ)
* 非毀 / 非毁
* 面譽背毀 / 面誉背毁
* 黃鐘毀棄 / 黄钟毁弃

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 毀 – see 燬 (“blazing fire; to burn up; to burn down”). (This character is a variant traditional form of 燬).

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 毀 – see 譭 (“to slander; to defame”). (This character is a variant traditional form of 譭).

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 𭮳 |
| Kyūjitai | 毀 |

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𭮳)
* break, destroy, demolish

#### Readings

* Go-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
* Kun: こぼつ (kobotsu, 毀つ)、そしる (soshiru, 毀る)、やせる (yaseru, 毀せる)

## Korean
### Hanja

毀 • (hwe) (hangeul 훼)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

毀: Hán Nôm readings: hủy/huỷ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.