# 朴

| 朴 | U+6734, &#26420; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6734 |
| ← 朳 [U+6733] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 朵 → [U+6735] |

## Translingual
### Han character

朴 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 木卜 (DY), four-corner 4390$_0$, composition ⿰木卜)

#### Derived characters

* 𠡙, 𠧭, 烞, 𬇑

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 510, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14428
* Dae Jaweon: page 894, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1154, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6734

## Chinese

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### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 朴 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 仆 | *pʰoːɡs, *pʰus, *pʰoɡs, *bɯːɡ, *pʰoːɡ |
| 赴 | *pʰoɡs |
| 訃 | *pʰoɡs |
| 朴 | *pʰroːɡ |
| 圤 | *pʰroːɡ |
| 卜 | *poːɡ |
| 鳪 | *poːɡ |
| 扑 | *pʰoːɡ |
| 攴 | *pʰoːɡ, *pʰroːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰroːɡ): semantic 木 + phonetic 卜 (OC *poːɡ).
Officially adopted as the simplified form of 樸 (etymology 6) in the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (《漢字簡化方案》) in 1956.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pò (po$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pok$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): páuk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phoh
    (Teochew, Peng'im): poh$^4$ / pog$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$phoq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pò
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pò
*** Wade–Giles: pʻo$^4$
*** Yale: pwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: poh
*** Palladius: по (po)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pok$^3$
*** Yale: pok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pog$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔːk̚³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: páuk
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑuʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoh
*** Tâi-lô: phoh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoiq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰoʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰoʔ⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰoʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰoʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤʔ³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: poh$^4$ / pog$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phoh / phok
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰoʔ²/, /pʰok̚²/
* poh4 - vernacular;
* pog4 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: phaewk
Rime :
| Character | 朴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 覺 (10) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 匹角切 |
| Baxter | phaewk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰˠʌk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰᵚɔk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰaɨwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | po |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pok$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰroːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 朴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 995 |
| Phonetic component | 卜 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 璞 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰroːɡ/ |
| Notes | 同樸 |

#### Definitions

朴
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) bark of a tree
       From: Shuowen Jiezi, circa 2nd century CE
       Pǔ. Mù pí yě. Cóng mù, bǔ shēng [Pinyin]
       “Pu”, the bark of a tree. From “Wood radical” and “Bu” sound.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) root; stem
       From: 玉篇 (Yùpiān)
       Pǔ mù qiè, yīn pū. Běn yě [Pinyin]
       Fanqie spelling 普 (pǔ) + 木 (mù), pronounced 扑 (pū). [The meaning] is 本 (běn)
* Chinese hackberry (Celtis sinensis)

#### Compounds

* 厚朴 (hòupò)
* 朴仔
* 朴樹 (pòshù)
* 朴硝 (pòxiāo)
* 朴資茅斯

### Etymology 2

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 樸 (plain and simple)? related to 樸 (unworked wood)? related to 璞 (unworked jade) (Schuessler, 2007)?”

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pǔ, pú
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˇ, ㄆㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pok$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pǔ
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^3$
*** Yale: pǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: puu
*** Palladius: пу (pu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pú
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pú
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^2$
*** Yale: pú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwu
*** Palladius: пу (pu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pok$^3$
*** Yale: pok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pog$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔːk̚³/
* Middle Chinese: phaewk
Rime :
| Character | 朴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 覺 (10) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 匹角切 |
| Baxter | phaewk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰˠʌk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰᵚɔk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰaɨwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | po |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pok$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰroːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 朴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 995 |
| Phonetic component | 卜 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 璞 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰroːɡ/ |
| Notes | 同樸 |

#### Definitions

朴
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) big
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) big timber
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) rat meat which has not been air-dried
    From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5th – 3rd centuries BCE
    Zhèng rén wèi yù wèi lǐ zhě pú, zhōu rén wèi shǔ wèi là zhě pǔ. Zhōu rén huái pǔ, guò zhèng gǔ yuē: “Yù mǎi pǔ hū?” Zhèng gǔ yuē: “Yù zhī.” Chū qí pǔ, shì zhī, nǎi shǔ yě. Yīn xiè bù qǔ. Jīn Píngyuán jūn zì yǐ xián, xiǎnmíng yú tiānxià, rán jiàng qí zhǔ fù Shāqiū ér chén zhī. Tiānxià zhī wáng shàng yóu zūn zhī, shì tiānxià zhī wáng bùrú zhèng gǔ zhī zhì yě, xuàn yú míng, bùzhī qí shí yě.” [Pinyin]
    The people from the state of Zheng gave the name 璞 (pú) for unrefined jade that is not yet carved or polished while the people from the state of Zhou gave the name 朴 (pǔ) for rat meat which has not been air-dried. A man from Zhou holding 朴 (pǔ) went to see a businessman in Zheng and asked, "Do you want to buy some 朴 (pǔ)?". The businessman replied, "Yes, I would like to". The man from Zhou held out his 朴 (pǔ). The businessman saw that it was a rat. And so he declined to take it. Now the Prince of Pingyuan has a distinguished reputation throughout the world as a man of worth and ability. But he degraded his ruler's father at Shaqiu and treated him as a subject. And yet and kings throughout the world have less understanding than the merchant of Zheng. They are dazzled by a name and do not know what he really is.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Pú (Pu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Pú
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Pú
*** Wade–Giles: Pʻu$^2$
*** Yale: Pú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Pwu
*** Palladius: Пу (Pu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu³⁵/

#### Definitions

朴
* a historical surname used by the Yi (夷 (yí)) people.
       From: Chen Shou, Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 3rd century CE
       jiǔyuè, bā qī xìng yí wáng Púhú, cóng yìhóu Dùhuò jǔ bā yí, cóng mín láifù, yúshì fēn bā jùn, yǐ Hú wèi bā dōng tàishǒu, Huò wèi bā xī tàishǒu, [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)
       From: 通志畧
       Yí dí dà xìng. Yǒu pǔ shì yǔ pǔ tóng [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)

### Etymology 4

* 朴姓

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Piáo, Pú (Piao$^2$, Pu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄠˊ, ㄆㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pok$^3$ / piu$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Phiâu / Phok
    (Teochew, Peng'im): piao$^5$ / piou$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$phoq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Piáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Piáo
*** Wade–Giles: Pʻiao$^2$
*** Yale: Pyáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Pyau
*** Palladius: Пяо (Pjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Pú
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Pú
*** Wade–Giles: Pʻu$^2$
*** Yale: Pú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Pwu
*** Palladius: Пу (Pu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pok$^3$ / piu$^4$
*** Yale: pok / pìuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pok$^8$ / piu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pog$^3$ / piu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔːk̚³/, /pʰiːu̯²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Phiâu
*** Tâi-lô: Phiâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiaau
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiau²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Phok
*** Tâi-lô: Phok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phog
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰɔk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: piao$^5$ / piou$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phiâu / phiôu
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiau⁵⁵/, /pʰiou⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$phoq
*** MiniDict: phoh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$phoq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰoʔ⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

朴
* Park, a surname from Korean
    From: The Old Book of Tang, 945 CE
    Guórén duō Jīn, Piáo liǎng xìng, yìxìng bù wéi hūn. [Pinyin]
    (In Silla) There were many Kims and Parks in the country, but they did not marry with other last names.
    From: The New Book of Tang, 1060 CE
    Wáng xìng Jīn, guìrén xìng Piáo, mín wú shì yǒu míng. [Pinyin]
    The (Silla) king's last name was Kim, the noble man's last name was Park, the people had no last name, but only a name.

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pō (po$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pok$^3$ / po$^1$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): poh$^4$ / pog$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pō
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄛ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: po
*** Wade–Giles: pʻo$^1$
*** Yale: pwō
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: po
*** Palladius: по (po)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pok$^3$ / po$^1$
*** Yale: pok / pō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pok$^8$ / po$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pog$^3$ / po$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔːk̚³/, /pʰɔː⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: poh$^4$ / pog$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phoh / phok
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰoʔ²/, /pʰok̚²/
* poh4 - vernacular;
* pog4 - literary.

#### Definitions

朴
* (historical) Only used in 朴刀 (pōdāo, “ancient sword with a long blade and a short hilt”).

### Etymology 6

* For pronunciation and definitions of 朴 – see 樸 (“simple; plain; rough; unpolished; sincere; honest; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 樸).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 7
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pū (pu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pū
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pu
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^1$
*** Yale: pū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pu
*** Palladius: пу (pu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: phaewk
Rime :
| Character | 朴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 覺 (10) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 匹角切 |
| Baxter | phaewk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰˠʌk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰᵚɔk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰaɨwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰɔk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | po |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pok$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰroːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 朴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 995 |
| Phonetic component | 卜 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 璞 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰroːɡ/ |
| Notes | 同樸 |

#### Definitions

朴
* (obsolete) Alternative form of 扑 (pū, “to hit”)
* (obsolete) Alternative form of 扑 (pū, “instrument of torture of beating”)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ほく (hoku)
* Kan-on: はく (haku)
* Kan’yō-on: ぼく (boku, Jōyō)
* Kun: ほお (hō, 朴)、ほう (hō, 朴)
* Nanori: ぱく (paku)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 朴
* ほお Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 厚朴

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ほお [hóꜜò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ho̞ː]

#### Noun

朴(ほお) • (hō)
* Japanese bigleaf magnolia

##### Synonyms

* 朴(ほお)の木(き) (hōnoki), 厚朴(こうぼく) (kōboku), 朴柏(ほおがしわ) (hōgashiwa)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 朴
* えのき Grade: S
* irregular
* Alternative spellings
* 榎 𪱻

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) えのき [ènókí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [e̞no̞kʲi]

#### Noun

朴(えのき) or 朴(エノキ) • (enoki)
* Chinese hackberry

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 朴
* ぱく Grade: S
* nanori
From Korean 박 (bak).

#### Alternative forms

* パク

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pa̠kɯ̟]

#### Proper noun

朴(パク) • (paku)
* Park, a surname from Korean

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 朴 (MC phaewk).

### Hanja

Wikisource 朴 (eumhun 성씨 박 (seongssi bak)) 朴 (eumhun 순박할 박 (sunbakhal bak))
* hanja form of 박 (“a surname”)
* hanja form of 박 (“naive; simple”)

#### Compounds

* 소박 (素朴, sobak)
* 순박 (淳朴, sunbak)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Tày
### Han character

朴 (transliteration needed)
* Nôm form of vủc.

### References

* Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

## Vietnamese
### Han character

朴: Hán Nôm readings: phắc, phác, vóc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.