OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 䨼

| 䨼 | U+4A3C, &#19004; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4A3C |
| ← 䨻 [U+4A3B] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 䨽 → [U+4A3D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

䨼 (Kangxi radical 174, 靑+14, 22 strokes, cangjie input 手月廿人水 (QBTOE), composition ⿰青蒦)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1382, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4049, character 6
* Unihan data for U+4A3C

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hù (hu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wu$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hù
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hù
*** Wade–Giles: hu$^4$
*** Yale: hù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huh
*** Palladius: ху (xu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wu$^6$
*** Yale: wuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuː²²/
* Middle Chinese: huH
Rime :
| Character | 䨼 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 胡誤切 |
| Baxter | huH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuo$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuo$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣo$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦɔ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣo$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣuo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wu$^6$ |

### Definitions

䨼
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) pigment made of azurite or similar substances
# rruaza
## Albanian
### Noun

rruaza
* inflection of rruazë:
** definite nominative singular
** indefinite nominative/accusative plural
# ونص
## North Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Literally: “and a half”. See نص (“half”).

### Adverb

ونص • (w-nuṣṣ)
* very much, indeed; used for emphasis, especially to express a contradiction
    يعني، مانا مشكلة كبيرة. — هي مشكلة كبيرة ونص!yaʕni, manna miškle kbīre. — hiye miškle kbīre w-nuṣṣ!Well, it's not such a big problem. — It's very much a big problem!(literally, “Well, it's not such a big problem. — It's a big problem and a half!”)
# got into trouble
## English
### Verb

got into trouble
* simple past and past participle of get into trouble
# جبار
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

* Root
* ج ب ر (j b r)
* 12 terms
From Proto-West Semitic *gabbār-. Compare Hebrew גיבור / גִּבּוֹר (gibbōr) and Classical Syriac ܓܢܒܪܐ (ga(n)bbārā).

#### Adjective

جَبَّار • (jabbār) (feminine جَبَّارَة (jabbāra), masculine plural جَبَّارُونَ (jabbārūna) or جَبَابِرَة (jabābira) or جَبَابِر (jabābir) or جَبَابِير (jabābīr))
* almighty, omnipotent, superhuman
* mighty, powerful
* colossal, giant, gigantic, titanic, tremendous, huge

##### See also

* جَبَرُوت (jabarūt)

#### Noun

جَبَّار • (jabbār) m (plural جَبَّارُونَ (jabbārūna) or جَبَابِرَة (jabābira) or جَبَابِر (jabābir) or جَبَابِير (jabābīr))
* giant, colossus, Goliath, titan
* tyrant, oppressor, strongman

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

* Root
* ج ب ر (j b r)
* 12 terms

#### Noun

جِبَار • (jibār) m
* verbal noun of جَابَرَ (jābara) (form III)

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

* Root
* ج ب ر (j b r)
* 12 terms
Appellative for some martial god, whose name then stood for planets and then like Latin diēs Mārtis or Proto-West Germanic *Tīwas dag after war-gods for Tuesday.

#### Proper noun

جُبَار • (jubār) m
* (obsolete) Tuesday

##### Coordinate terms

* days of the week (pre-Islamic): أَيَّامُ الْأُسْبُوع السَّابِقَة لِلْإِسْلَام (ʔayyāmu al-ʔusbūʕ as-sābiqa lilʔislām) (appendix): أَوْل (ʔawl)~أَوَّل (ʔawwal) · أَهْوَن (ʔahwan)~أَوْهَد (ʔawhad)~أَهْوَد (ʔahwad) · جُبَار (jubār) · دُبَار (dubār) · مُؤْنِس (muʔnis) · عَرُوبَة (ʕarūba) · شِيَار (šiyār)

#### References

* Rotter, Gernot (1993) “Der dies veneris im vorislamischen Mekka, eine neue Deutung des Namens „Europa“ und eine Erklärung für kobar = Venus”, in Der Islam‎ (in German), volume 70, number 1, →DOI, page 120

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic جَبَّار (jabbār).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [d͡ʒa.ˈβɑːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒä.bɑ́ːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒä.bɑ́ːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d͡ʒä.bɑ́ːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d͡ʒä.bɔ́ːɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒæ.bɒ́ːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒä.bɔ́ɾ]

### Adjective

جبار • (jabâr) (comparative جبارتَر (jabâr-tar), superlative جبارتَرین (jabâr-tarin))
* unmerciful

### Adverb

جبار • (jabâr)
* unmercifully

### Noun

جبار • (jabâr)
* taskmaster
# po leku
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “lightly”.

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Podegrodzie) IPA: /pɔ‿ˈlɛ.ku/

### Adverb

po leku (not comparable)
* (Sącz Lach) slowly; gradually

### Further reading

* Karol Mátyás (1891) “po leku”, in “Słowniczek gwary ludu zamieszkującego wschodnio-południową najbliższą okolicę Nowego Sącza”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 4, Kraków: Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, page 327
# Kawai
## Hawaiian
### Etymology

ka (“the”) + wai (“water”); also a short form of compound given names beginning thus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈwai̯/, [kəˈʋɐj], [kəˈʋɛj] (rapid speech)

### Proper noun

Kawai
* a male or female given name from Hawaiian
* a surname

#### Related terms

* Kawailani
* Nāwai
* Wailani

### References

* Hawaii State Archives: Marriage records Kawai occurs in 19th century marriage records as the only name (mononym) of 36 women and 16 men.

## Japanese
### Romanization

Kawai
* Rōmaji transcription of かわい
# 䬵

| 䬵 | U+4B35, &#19253; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4B35 |
| ← 䬴 [U+4B34] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A | 䬶 → [U+4B36] |

## Translingual
### Han character

䬵 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 人戈卜女人 (OIYVO), composition ⿰飠亥)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1419, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4452, character 6
* Unihan data for U+4B35

## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gāi (gai$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄞ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): goi$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gāi
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gai
*** Wade–Giles: kai$^1$
*** Yale: gāi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gai
*** Palladius: гай (gaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kaɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: goi$^1$
*** Yale: gōi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: goi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: goi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔːi̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: koj, 'aejH
Rime :
| Character | 䬵 | 䬵 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) | 夬 (29) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 古哀切 | 於犗切 |
| Baxter | koj | 'aejH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʌi/ | /ʔˠai$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəi/ | /ʔᵚai$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɒi/ | /ʔai$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəj/ | /ʔaɨjs$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kᴀi/ | /ʔai$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kɒi/ | /æi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑ̆i/ | /ʔai$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gāi | yè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | goi$^1$ | aai$^3$ |

#### Definitions

䬵
* (historical dictionaries only) syrup, jelly-like sugar made from grains
* (historical dictionaries only) to hiccough, to hiccup

### Pronunciation 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 䬵 – see 餲 (“to become spoiled after a long time”). (This character is a variant form of 餲).
# electromagnetism
## English
### Etymology

From electro- +‎ magnetism.

### Pronunciation

* enPR: ēlĕktrŏmägnĕtĭzm
** (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɪˌlɛk.tɹəʊˈmæɡ.nəˌtɪzm̩/
** (General American, Canada) IPA: /ɪˌlɛk.tɹoʊˈmæɡ.nəˌtɪzm̩/
*** Audio (US):(file)
** (General Australian) IPA: /ɪˌlek.tɹəʉˈmæɡ.nəˌtɪzm̩/, /ɪˌlek.tɹɐʉˈmæɡ.nəˌtɪzm̩/

### Noun

electromagnetism (usually uncountable, plural electromagnetisms)
* A unified fundamental force that combines the aspects of electricity and magnetism and is one of the four fundamental forces. (technically it can be unified with weak nuclear to form electroweak) Its gauge boson is the photon.
* Electricity and magnetism, collectively, as a field of study.

#### Synonyms

* (field of study): electromagnetics

#### Derived terms

* bioelectromagnetism
* gravitoelectromagnetism
* nanoelectromagnetism

#### See also

* electromagnetism on Wikiquote.Wikiquote

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French électromagnétisme. By surface analysis, electro- +‎ magnetism or electromagnet +‎ -ism.

### Noun

electromagnetism n (uncountable)
* electromagnetism
# خفق
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xa.fa.qa/

### Verb

خَفَقَ • (ḵafaqa) I (non-past يَخْفُقُ (yaḵfuqu) or يَخْفِقُ (yaḵfiqu), verbal noun خَفْق (ḵafq) or خُفُوق (ḵufūq) or خَفَقَان (ḵafaqān))
* to beat, to whip
    خَفَقَ ٱلْأَرْضَ بِنَعْلِهِḵafaqa l-ʔarḍa binaʕlihiHe struck the ground with his sandal.
    خَفَقَتِ ٱلْبَيْضَ ― ḵafaqati l-bayḍa ― She beat the eggs.
* to flap the wings
    خَفَقَ ٱلطَّائِرُ ― ḵafaqa ṭ-ṭāʔiru ― The bird flapped its wings.
* to palpitate
    يَخْفُقُ قَلْبِي ― yaḵfuqu qalbī ― My heart palpitates.
# تمطى
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta.matˤ.tˤaː/

### Verb

تَمَطَّى • (tamaṭṭā) V (non-past يَتَمَطَّى (yatamaṭṭā), verbal noun تَمَطٍّ (tamaṭṭin))
* to stretch
    كُنْتُ أَتَمَطَّى عَلَى مَرْقَدِيkuntu ʔatamaṭṭā ʕalā marqadīI was stretching on my bed.
# طقطق
## Arabic
### Etymology

From the reduplicated root ط ق ط ق (ṭ q ṭ q).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˤaq.tˤa.qa/

### Verb

طَقْطَقَ • (ṭaqṭaqa) Iq (non-past يُطَقْطِقُ (yuṭaqṭiqu), verbal noun طَقْطَقَة (ṭaqṭaqa))
* to crack, to burst, to shatter, to rattle, to clack
    يُطَقْطِقُ ٱلْجَوَادُ ― yuṭaqṭiqu l-jawādu ― The stallion is clacking the hooves.
    طَقْطَقَ أَصَابِعَهُ ― ṭaqṭaqa ʔaṣābiʕahu ― He cracked his knuckles.

#### Descendants

* Maltese: taqtaq
# نهك
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* Verb: IPA: /na.ha.ka/
* Noun: IPA: /nahk/

### Verb

نَهَكَ • (nahaka) I (non-past يَنْهَكُ (yanhaku), verbal noun نَهْك (nahk) or نَهَاكَة (nahāka))
* to suck
* to torture, to punish
* to emaciate, to exhaust, to wear away
    نَهَكَتْهُ ٱلْحُمَّى ― nahakathu l-ḥummā ― The fever weakened him.

#### Conjugation
### Noun

نَهْك • (nahk) m
* verbal noun of نَهَكَ (nahaka)
# إجا عالوجع
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

Literally, "to arrive on the pain".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔi.ʒa ʕal.wa.ʒaʕ/, [ˈʔɪ.d͡ʒa ʕalˈwa.d͡ʒaʕ], [ˈʔɪ.ʒa ʕalˈwa.ʒaʕ]
* Audio (Birzeit):(file)

### Phrase

إجا عالوجع • (ʔija ʕal-wajaʕ)
* to come right on time, with perfect timing, etc.
    مبارح جوزي فاجأني بسفرة عاليونان — عن جد إجا عالوجع․mbāreḥ jōzi fājaʔni bi-safra ʕal-yūnān — ʕan jadd ʔija ʕal-wajaʕYesterday my husband surprised me with a trip to Greece — it really came right on time.
# اندفع
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /in.da.fa.ʕa/

### Verb

اِنْدَفَعَ • (indafaʕa) VII (non-past يَنْدَفِعُ (yandafiʕu), verbal noun اِنْدِفَاع (indifāʕ)) (reflexive)
* to dive into, to rush into
* to set up, to begin
    اِنْدَفَعَتْ فِي ٱلضَّحِكِ ― indafaʕat fī ḍ-ḍaḥiki ― She burst out laughing.
# إعفاء
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔiʕ.faːʔ/

### Noun

إِعْفَاء • (ʔiʕfāʔ) m (plural إِعْفَاءَات (ʔiʕfāʔāt))
* verbal noun of أَعْفىٰ (ʔaʕfā) (form IV)
* exemption
    إِعْفَاء عَنْ اَلْعَمَل ― ʔiʕfāʔ ʕan al-ʕamal ― an exemption from work
* absolution
# فائض
## Arabic
### Etymology

Derived from the active participle of فَاضَ (fāḍa, “to overflow”).

### Noun

فَائِض • (fāʔiḍ) m (plural فَوَائِض (fawāʔiḍ))
* excess, surplus
    فَائِض الْمِيزَانِيَّة ― fāʔiḍ al-mīzāniyya ― the budget surplus

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: فائض (faʼiz), فایض (faiz)
** Turkish: faiz
** → Armenian: ֆայիզ (fayiz)
* → Uzbek: foiz
* → Tajik: фоиз (foyiz)
* → Azerbaijani: faiz
* → Kazakh: пайыз (paiyz)
* → Kyrgyz: пайыз (payız)
* → Northern Kurdish: faîz

## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* فایض (faiz)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فَائِض (fāʔiḍ, “excess, surplus”), from the active participle of the verb فَاضَ (fāḍa, “to overflow”).

### Noun

فائض • (faʼiz) (plural فوائض (fevaʼiz))
* (finance) interest, the price paid for obtaining money or goods in a transaction

#### Derived terms

* فائض آلمق (faʼiz almak, “to charge interest”)
* فائض مركب (faʼiz-i mürekkeb, “compound interest”)
* فائض مفرد (faʼiz-i müfred, “simple interest”)
* فائضجی (faʼizci, “usurer, loan shark”)
* فائضسز (faʼizsiz, “free of interest”)
* فائضلو (faʼizli, “which yields interest”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: faiz
* → Armenian: ֆայիզ (fayiz)

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “faiz1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1540
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “fâiz”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 298
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فائض”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 884
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Abundans”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 8
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “فایض”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3461
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “faiz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فائض”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1363
# عاهة
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕaː.ha/

### Noun

عَاهَة • (ʕāha) f
* handicap, disability, disqualification
    ذُو عَاهَةٍ ― ḏū ʕāhatin ― handicapped
    وُلِدَ بِعَاهَةٍ ― wulida biʕāhatin ― He was born with a disability.
# حالك
## Arabic
### Etymology

Derived from the active participle of حلك (ḥalaka, ḥalika, “to become excessively dark”).

### Adjective

حَالِك • (ḥālik) (feminine حَالِكَة (ḥālika), masculine plural حَالِكُونَ (ḥālikūna), feminine plural حَالِكَات (ḥālikāt))
* (literary) very dark or black, pitch-black, deep black, murky, gloomy
    لَيْل حَالِك ― layl ḥālik ― A very dark night
** 13th century, Saʿdī aš-Šīrāzī, دیوان سعدی [Dīwān of Saʿdī]‎:وَبَعْضُ قُلُوبِ النَّاسِ أَحْلَكُ مِنْ حِبْرٍwabaʕḍu qulūbi n-nāsi ʔaḥlaku min ḥibriAnd some of the hearts of the people are darker than ink

#### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “حلك”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
# من قبل
## Arabic
### Adverb

مِنْ قَبْلُ • (min qablu)
* before, previously
    Synonyms: سَابِقًا (sābiqan), فِيمَا سَبَقَ (fīmā sabaqa)
    Antonyms: بَعْدَمَا (baʕdamā), بَعْدَئِذٍ (baʕdaʔiḏin), فِيمَا بَعْدَ (fīmā baʕda)

### Preposition

مِنْ قَبْلِ • (min qabli)
* before
    Synonym: قَبْلَ (qabla)
    Antonyms: مِنْ بَعْدِ (min baʕdi), بَعْدَ (baʕda)

#### Inflection
### Preposition

مِنْ قِبَلِ • (min qibali)
* by
    مِنْ قِبَلِ نَفْسِهِ ― min qibali nafsihi ― by himself
# وايد
## Gulf Arabic
### Alternative forms

* (especially Bedouin) واجد (wājid)

### Etymology

From Arabic وَاجِد (wājid), referring to a large, bountiful space (where camels could eat).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /waː.jɪd/

### Adverb

وايد • (wāyid)
* very
    لبنان كانت وايد حلوة. ― libnān kānat wāyid ḥilwa ― Lebanon was very pretty.
* a lot of, much, many
    في وايد فلامنقو عالجون اليوم. ― There are many flamingos on the Bay today.
* too much
    -ليش ما خلصت صحنك -وايد ما أقدر ― -Why didn't you finish your plate -It's too much I can't
# كلچ
## Gulf Arabic
### Noun

كلچ • (kalač) m (plural کلچات (kalačāt))
* car clutch
    خذيت السيارة حق أبو الكلچ.ḵaḏēt s-sayyāra ḥagg ʔubu l-kalač.I took the car to the one who repairs clutches.
# انحجب
## Arabic
### Verb

اِنْحَجَبَ • (inḥajaba) VII (non-past يَنْحَجِبُ (yanḥajibu), verbal noun اِنْحِجَاب (inḥijāb))
* to shelter oneself, to cover oneself
    بَعْضُ النِّسَاءِ يَخْتَارْنَ أَنْ يَنْحَجِبْنَ لِأَسْبَابِ دِينِيَّةٍ.baʕḍu n-nisāʔi yaḵtārna ʔan yanḥajibna liʔasbābi dīniyyatin.Some women choose to veil for religious reasons.
# حقر
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħa.qa.ra/

#### Verb

حَقَرَ • (ḥaqara) I (non-past يَحْقُرُ (yaḥquru), verbal noun حَقْر (ḥaqr) or حُقْرَة (ḥuqra) or حَقَارَة (ḥaqāra) or مَحْقَرَة (maḥqara))
* to disdain, to belittle, to despise, to look down
    Synonym: اِسْتَصْغَرَ (istaṣḡara)
    لا تَحقِرَنَّ مِنَ المَعْرُوف شَيْئًا، وَلَو أنْ تَلقَى أخَاكَ بوجهٍ طليقٍDo not belittle any good deed, even your meeting with your brother with a cheerful face

##### Descendants

* Maltese: ħaqar

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħa.qu.ra/

#### Verb

حَقُرَ • (ḥaqura) I (non-past يَحْقُرُ (yaḥquru), verbal noun حَقَارَة (ḥaqāra))
* to be vile, low, despicable

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħaq.qa.ra/

#### Verb

حَقَّرَ • (ḥaqqara) II (non-past يُحَقِّرُ (yuḥaqqiru), verbal noun تَحْقِير (taḥqīr))
* (transitive) to belittle, to depreciate, to undervalue
* (transitive) to humiliate

##### Conjugation
## Gulf Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic حَقَرَ (ḥaqara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħɪ.ɡər/

### Verb

حِقَر • (ḥigar) (non-past يحقر (yiḥgir, yaḥgir))
* (transitive) to snub, to ignore
    Synonyms: سحب (siḥab), عطى طاف (ʕaṭa ṭāf), (Bedouin) هيت (hayyat)
# استشاط
## Arabic
### Verb

اِسْتَشَاطَ • (istašāṭa) X (non-past يَسْتَشِيطُ (yastašīṭu), verbal noun اِسْتِشَاطَة (istišāṭa))
* to boil with rage, to be seething
    رَأَيْتُهُ يَسْتَشْطُ غَضَبًا عِنْدَمَا أُخْبِرُوهُ بِفَشَل الْمَشْرُوع الَّذِي عَمِلَ عَلَيْهِ لِأَشْهُر.raʔaytuhu yastašṭu ḡaḍaban ʕindamā ʔuḵbirūhu bifašal al-mašrūʕ allaḏī ʕamila ʕalayhi liʔašhur.I saw him raging when they informed him about the failure of the project he had worked on for months.
* to become angry [with عَلَى (ʕalā) ‘with someone’]
* to fight [with فِي (fī) ‘in a war, etc.’]
* to fly briskly, to flutter (of a bird)
* to overdo [with فِي (fī) ‘something, e.g. laughing’]
# Юлиян
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin Iūliānus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [juˈlijan]
* Rhymes: -ijan
* Hyphenation: Юли‧ян

### Proper noun

Юлиян (Julijan) m pers (related adjective юлиянски)
* a male given name from Latin, feminine equivalent Юлияна (Julijana), equivalent to English Julian
* Roman emperor Flavius Claudius Julianus
# حشران
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic حَشَرَ (ḥašara, “to compress, to pile up”) + ـَان (-ān).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħaʃ.raːn/

### Adjective

حشران • (ḥašrān) (feminine حَشْرَانة (ḥašrāna), common plural حَشْرَانين (ḥašrānīn))
* in need to urinate, needing to urinate
    حشران، أبغى أروح الحمامḥašrān, ʔabḡa ʔarūḥ al-ḥammāmI need to urinate, I want to go to the toilet
# اتسلق
## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic تَسَلَّقَ (tasallaqa, “to climb”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /at.sal.laɡ/

### Verb

اتسلق • (atsallag) V (non-past يتسلق (yitsallag))
* to climb
    Synonym: اَتْشَعْبَط (atšaʕbaṭ)
    أتسلقت الشجرة ― atsallagt aš-šajara ― I climbed the tree
# بزل
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.za.la/

#### Verb

بَزَلَ • (bazala) I (non-past يَبْزُلُ (yabzulu), verbal noun بَزْل (bazl))
* to pierce, to puncture, to bore a hole in

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bazl/

#### Noun

بَزْل • (bazl) m
* verbal noun of بَزَلَ (bazala) (form I)
* (medicine) puncture, tapping (usually to extract a body fluid)
    بَزْل قَطَنِيّ ― bazl qaṭaniyy ― lumbar puncture
* (medicine) paracentesis (for treatment of ascites)
# استذهن
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

IPA: /is.tað.ha.na/

### Verb

اِسْتَذْهَنَ • (istaḏhana) X (non-past يَسْتَذْهِنُ (yastaḏhinu), verbal noun اِسْتِذْهَان (istiḏhān))
* to disturb mentally, to cause to lose one's senses
    اِسْتَذْهَبَكَ حُبُّ الدُنْيَاistaḏhabaka ḥubbu d-dunyālove of the (present) world has taken away' your senses
* to take away the pith of (canes or reeds)
# fjäska
## Swedish
### Etymology

Derived from the verb fjäsa.

### Verb

fjäska (present fjäskar, preterite fjäskade, supine fjäskat, imperative fjäska)
* (used transitively with för) to suck up (to)
    att fjäska för någonto suck up to someone
* (used transitively with för) to be (overly) nice and indulgent (towards), to pamper
    fjäska för barnenpamper the kids

#### Conjugation

$^1$ Archaic. $^2$ Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

#### Derived terms

* fjäsk
* fjäskare

### References

* fjäska in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* fjäska in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* fjäska in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# مشمش
## Arabic
### Etymology

* From the root م ش ش (m š š), meaning “to clean off or clean out”, “to suck out marrow”, “to milk or extract”, “to be a purgative or to cause diarrhea”, “to macerate or break down”, “to rotten or spoil”. This stems either from the purgative nature of the fruits in the prune family, or the idiomatically short season that apricots are found ripe. See also م ش ي (m š y) for the related concept of "being swift or ephemeral", "to be fleeting", "being around for only a short while".
* Possibly a distant relation to Akkadian 𒌑𒂊𒈦𒈦 (masmas, “an unidentified plant”), a word connected to another unidentified plant 𒌑𒈦𒄭𒄊 (kulbānu) potentially the etymology for مِشْمِشْ كُلَيْبِيّ (mišmiš kulaybiyy, “apricot with a bitter kernel”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /miʃ.miʃ/

### Noun

مِشْمِش • (mišmiš) m (collective, singulative مِشْمِشَة f (mišmiša))
* apricots (fruit), apricot (collectively)
* apricot trees

#### Descendants

* Hijazi Arabic: مِشْمِش
* → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܸܫܡܸܫܬܵܐ (mišmištā)
* → Hebrew: מִשְׁמֵשׁ (mishmésh)
* → Ottoman Turkish: مشمش (mışmış, mişmiş)

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic مِشْمِش (mišmiš).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /miʃ.miʃ/, [mɪʃ.mɪʃ]

### Noun

مِشْمِش • (mišmiš) m (collective, singulative مِشْمِشة f (mišmiša))
* apricot

#### See also

* بُخارى (buḵāra, “plum”)
* خوخ (ḵōḵ, “peach”)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic مِشْمِش (mišmiš).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /miʃ.miʃ/, [ˈmɪʃ.mɪʃ]
* IPA: /muʃ.muʃ/, [ˈmʊʃ.mʊʃ]
* Audio (Bethlehem):(file)

### Noun

مشمش • (mišmiš, mušmuš) m (collective, singulative مشمشة f (mišmiše), paucal مشمشات (mišmišāt))
* (uncountable) apricots
    حبة مشمش / مشمشة ― ḥabbet mišmiš / mišmiše ― an apricot
# ܡܨܠܦ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

Intensitive form of ܨܵܠܹܦ (ṣālēp, “to crack, split open”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [məsˤal.lɪp.]

### Verb

ܡܨܲܠܸܦ • (mṣallip)
* (transitive) to wound, injure

#### Conjugation

Generated by {{Template:aii-conj/D-strong|ܨ|ܠ|ܦ}}
# κλήρος
## Greek
### Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek κλῆρος (klêros). The 'clergy' sense is a learned borrowing from Koine Greek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkli.ɾos/
* Hyphenation: κλή‧ρος

### Noun

κλήρος • (klíros) m (plural κλήροι)
* lot (anything (as a die, pebble, ball, or slip of paper) used in determining a question by chance, or without human choice or will)
    Μου έπεσε ο κλήρος. (idiomatic) ― Mou épese o klíros. ― It fell to me.
* (figuratively) lot (the part, or fate, that falls to one, as it were, by chance, or without one's planning)
* lot, allotment (something allotted; a share, part, or portion granted or distributed)
** allotted land
* (Christianity) clergy
    Near-synonym: ιερατείο n (ierateío)

#### Related terms

* κληρικός (klirikós)
* κληρώνω (kliróno)
* κλήρωση f (klírosi)
* κληρωτίδα f (klirotída)

### References

* ↑ κλήρος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language

### Further reading

* κλήρος - Kriaras, Emmanuel (1969-) Επιτομή του Λεξικού της Μεσαιωνικής Ελληνικής Δημώδους Γραμματείας (Epitomí tou Lexikoú tis Mesaionikís Ellinikís Dimódous Grammateías) [Concise Dictionary of the Kriaras' Dictionary of Medieval Vulgar Greek Literature (1100–1669) Vols. 1–14. Vols 15- under I. Kazazes.)] (in Greek), Thessaloniki: Centre for the Greek language Online edition (abbreviations) Printed edition 2022: 22 vols.)