# gae
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡeː/

### Noun

gae m (genitive singular gae, nominative plural gaethe)
* (archaic or dialectal) Alternative form of ga (“spear, dart; ray”)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
gae
gaethe
vocative
a ghae
a ghaethe
genitive
gae
gaethe
dative
gae
gaethe
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an gae
na gaethe
genitive
an ghae
na ngaethe
dative
leis an ngae don ghae
leis na gaethe :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gae”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *gaisos.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡai̯/

### Noun

gae m
* spear

#### Inflection

Due to the word's unusual historical structure (the stem having /ai̯/ followed by a lost s) the spellings gae and gai are in fact interchangeable for all forms where they appear.
* $^H$ = triggers aspiration
* $^L$ = triggers lenition
* $^N$ = triggers nasalization

#### Descendants

* Irish: ga

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gayso-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 154

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gae”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Scots
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Northern Middle English ga, gan, from Old English gān (“to go”).
Cognate with English go, West Frisian gean, Low German gahn, Dutch gaan, German gehen, Swedish and Danish gå, Norwegian gå.

#### Verb

gae
* to go
** 1861, Various, The Golden Treasury‎:O waly waly, up the bank, / And waly waly down the brae, / And waly waly yon burn-side / Where I and my Love wont to gae!Woe woe, up the bank, / And woe woe down the hill / And woe woe over burnside / Where my love and I tend to go!
** 1884, Alexander Leighton, Wilson's Tales of the Borders and of Scotland Volume 17‎:Gae awa, gae awa — I canna thole the very thochts o' the story whilk thou ettles to ken.Go away, go away — I cannot deal with the very thoughts of the story which you are trying to know.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

gae
* simple past tense of gie
** 1816, Sir Walter Scott, Old Mortality, Illustrated, Volume 1.‎:Eh, Mr Henry! but the carle gae them a screed o' doctrine!Hey, Mr Henry! but the man gave them a piece of doctrine!
** 1918, J. M. Barrie, A Window in Thrums‎:Chirsty was in Tilliedrum last Teisday or Wednesday, an' Tibbie gae her a cup o' tea.Chirsty was in Tilliedrum last Tuesday or Wednesday, and Tibbie gave her a cup of tea.

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɠɑ.ɛ/
* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

gae class V (plural magae class VI)
* potsherd (broken piece of pottery)
** 1994, Historia fupi ya Zanzibar, page 24:Sakafu iliinuliwa kwa mchanga kiasi cha nusu mita na misingi ya msikiti ilichimbwa ndani ya tabaka za ardhi za miaka iliyopita zenye takataka na kujumuisha magae ya vyombo vya "Celado" na vya rangi manjano na mapambo meusi.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ɡaːɨ̯/
* (South Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA: /ˈɡai̯/
** (South Wales, colloquial) IPA: /ˈɡaː/

### Noun

gae
* Soft mutation of cae (“field”).

### Verb

gae
* Soft mutation of cae (“(s/he) closes, shuts”).

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Yola
### Alternative forms

* ga, gaed

### Etymology

From Middle English gaf. Doublet of ya.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaː/, /ɡaːd/

### Verb

gae
* simple past of gee
** 1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 96:Zoo wough aul vell a-danceen; earch bye gae a poageSo we all fell a-dancing; each boy gave a kiss
** 1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:A portion ich gae her, was (it's now ich have ee-tolth)The portion I gave her was (it's now I have told)

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 41