# 灑

| 灑 | U+7051, &#28753; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7051 |
| ← 灐 [U+7050] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 灒 → [U+7052] |

## Translingual
### Han character

灑 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 水一一心 (EMMP), four-corner 3111$_1$, composition ⿰氵麗)

#### Derived characters

* 𥸗

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 663, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18774
* Dae Jaweon: page 1072, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1794, character 7
* Unihan data for U+7051

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 灑 | *sreːlʔ, *sreːlʔ, *srelʔ, *srels |
| 籭 | *sreːl, *srel |
| 躧 | *sreːlʔ, *srelʔ |
| 曬 | *sreːls, *srels |
| 廲 | *reːl |
| 驪 | *reːl, *rel |
| 鱺 | *reːlʔ |
| 欐 | *reːlʔ, *reːls, *srel |
| 丽 | *reːls |
| 麗 | *reːls, *rel |
| 儷 | *reːls |
| 鸝 | *rel |
| 酈 | *rel, *reːɡ |
| 孋 | *rel |
| 矖 | *rel, *srelʔ |
| 穲 | *rel |
| 邐 | *relʔ |
| 彲 | *r̥ʰel |
| 釃 | *srel, *srelʔ, *sra |
| 襹 | *srel, *srels |
| 纚 | *srelʔ |

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sǎ (sa$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄚˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saa$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sèe / sá / sè
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$sa
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sǎ
*** Wade–Giles: sa$^3$
*** Yale: sǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: saa
*** Palladius: са (sa)
*** Sinological IPA : /sä²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saa$^2$
*** Yale: sá
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saa$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sa$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /saː³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèe
*** Tâi-lô: sèe
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɛ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sá
*** Tâi-lô: sá
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sar
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sa⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sa⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /sa⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sè
*** Tâi-lô: sè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sex
*** IPA (Xiamen, Singapore): /se²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /se⁴¹/
* sèe - vernacular;
* sá/sè - literary.
* Middle Chinese: sreaX, sraeX, srjeH
Rime :
| Character | 灑 | 灑 | 灑 |
| Reading # | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 生 (21) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 佳 (31) | 麻 (98) | 支 (13) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II | III |
| Fanqie | 所蟹切 | 砂下切 | 所寄切 |
| Baxter | sreaX | sraeX | srjeH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠɛ$^X$/ | /ʃˠa$^X$/ | /ʃˠiᴇ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚæ$^X$/ | /ʃᵚa$^X$/ | /ʃᵚiɛ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃæi$^X$/ | /ʃa$^X$/ | /ʃiɛ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂaɨj$^X$/ | /ʂaɨ$^X$/ | /ʂjiə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɛ$^X$/ | /ʃa$^X$/ | /ʃje$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃai$^X$/ | /ʃa$^X$/ | /ʃǐe$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂai$^X$/ | /ʂa$^X$/ | /ʂie̯$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shǎi | shǎ | shì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saai$^2$ | saa$^2$ | si$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ/, /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ-s/, /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sreːlʔ/, /*srels/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 灑 | 灑 | 灑 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 2/4 | 3/4 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sǎ | sǎ | sǎ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ srɛ$^X$ › | ‹ srɛ$^H$ › | ‹ srje$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ/ (MC srj- > sr-) | /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ-s/ (MC srj- > sr-) | /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ-s/ |
| English | sprinkle | sprinkle | sprinkle |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 灑 | 灑 | 灑 |
| Reading # | 1/4 | 2/4 | 4/4 |
| No. | 7904 | 7906 | 7935 |
| Phonetic component | 丽 | 丽 | 丽 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 歌 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 灑 | 灑 | 屣 |
| Old Chinese | /*sreːlʔ/ | /*sreːlʔ/ | /*srels/ |

#### Definitions

灑
* to sprinkle; to splash
* to scatter; to throw
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 丰神飄灑 / 丰神飘洒
* 噴灑 / 喷洒 (pēnsǎ)
* 噴灑機 / 喷洒机
* 噴灑灌溉 / 喷洒灌溉
* 掃灑 / 扫洒 (sǎosǎ)
* 揮灑 / 挥洒 (huīsǎ)
* 揮灑自如 / 挥洒自如 (huīsǎzìrú)
* 洋洋灑灑 / 洋洋洒洒 (yángyángsǎsǎ)
* 潑灑 / 泼洒
* 瀟灑 / 潇洒 (xiāosǎ)
* 瀟灑自若 / 潇洒自若
* 瀟灑風流 / 潇洒风流
* 灑掃 / 洒扫 (sǎsǎo)
* 灑晒
* 灑水 / 洒水 (sǎshuǐ)
* 灑水車 / 洒水车 (sǎshuǐchē)
* 灑派 / 洒派
* 灑淚 / 洒泪 (sǎlèi)
* 灑湯 / 洒汤
* 灑潑 / 洒泼
* 灑灑 / 洒洒
* 灑灑水 / 洒洒水 (sǎsǎshuǐ)
* 灑然 / 洒然
* 灑脫 / 洒脱 (sǎtuō)
* 灑落 / 洒落 (sǎluò)
* 灑金 / 洒金 (“gold flecked”)
* 灑金榕 / 洒金榕 (“Codiaeum variegatum”)
* 灑金箋 / 洒金笺 (“gold-flecked paper”)
* 灑金紙 / 洒金纸 (sǎjīnzhǐ, “gold-flecked paper”)
* 蕭灑 / 萧洒 (xiāosǎ)
* 鋪灑 / 铺洒
* 風姿瀟灑 / 风姿潇洒
* 風流瀟灑 / 风流潇洒
* 飄灑 / 飘洒

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xǐ (xi$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sǐ
*** Wade–Giles: hsi$^3$
*** Yale: syǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shii
*** Palladius: си (si)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi²¹⁴/
* Middle Chinese: srjeX
Rime :
| Character | 灑 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (13) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 所綺切 |
| Baxter | srjeX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠiᴇ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚiɛ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃiɛ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂjiə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃje$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃǐe$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂie̯$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*srelʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 灑 |
| Reading # | 4/4 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ srje$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ/ |
| English | sprinkle (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 灑 |
| Reading # | 3/4 |
| No. | 7931 |
| Phonetic component | 丽 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 躧 |
| Old Chinese | /*srelʔ/ |

#### Definitions

灑
* Alternative form of 洗
* Alternative form of 蓰 (xǐ)

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shī (shi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shī
*** Zhuyin: ㄕ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shih
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^1$
*** Yale: shr̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shy
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: srjeX
Rime :
| Character | 灑 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (13) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 所綺切 |
| Baxter | srjeX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠiᴇ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚiɛ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃiɛ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂjiə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃje$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃǐe$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂie̯$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*srelʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 灑 |
| Reading # | 4/4 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ srje$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.s<r>ərʔ/ |
| English | sprinkle (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 灑 |
| Reading # | 3/4 |
| No. | 7931 |
| Phonetic component | 丽 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 躧 |
| Old Chinese | /*srelʔ/ |

#### Definitions

灑
* Alternative form of 釃 / 酾
* Used in 離灑／离洒.

### Pronunciation 4

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiǎn (xian$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siǎn
*** Wade–Giles: hsien$^3$
*** Yale: syǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shean
*** Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

灑
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) cold
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) terrified

### Pronunciation 5

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lí (li$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lí
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lí
*** Wade–Giles: li$^2$
*** Yale: lí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: li
*** Palladius: ли (li)
*** Sinological IPA : /li³⁵/

#### Definitions

灑
* Only used in 淋灑／淋洒.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* pour
* sprinkle
* wash
* purify
* be clean/refreshed

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゃ (sha)、せ (se)
* Kan-on: さ (sa)、さい (sai)
* Kun: そそぐ (sosogu, 灑ぐ)

## Korean
### Hanja

灑 • (sae, swae) (hangeul 새, 쇄, revised sae, swae, McCune–Reischauer sae, swae, Yale say, sway)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

灑: Hán Nôm readings: sái, rợi, tẩy, thối
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 灑然
Sái nhiên

#### References

* Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
* Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
* Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville