# twikiza
## Zulu
### Etymology

From the ideophone twiki.

### Verb

-twikiza
* (transitive) to wag

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukutwikiza |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukutwikiza | ukungatwikizi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | twikiza | -twikize |
| Plural | twikizani | -twikizeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyatwikiza, ngitwikiza | engitwikizayo, engitwikiza | ngitwikiza | angitwikizi | engingatwikizi | ngingatwikizi |
| 2nd singular | uyatwikiza, utwikiza | otwikizayo, otwikiza | utwikiza | awutwikizi | ongatwikizi | ungatwikizi |
| 1st plural | siyatwikiza, sitwikiza | esitwikizayo, esitwikiza | sitwikiza | asitwikizi | esingatwikizi | singatwikizi |
| 2nd plural | niyatwikiza, nitwikiza | enitwikizayo, enitwikiza | nitwikiza | anitwikizi | eningatwikizi | ningatwikizi |
| Class 1 | uyatwikiza, utwikiza | otwikizayo, otwikiza | etwikiza | akatwikizi | ongatwikizi | engatwikizi |
| Class 2 | bayatwikiza, batwikiza | abatwikizayo, abatwikiza | betwikiza | abatwikizi | abangatwikizi | bengatwikizi |
| Class 3 | uyatwikiza, utwikiza | otwikizayo, otwikiza | utwikiza | awutwikizi | ongatwikizi | ungatwikizi |
| Class 4 | iyatwikiza, itwikiza | etwikizayo, etwikiza | itwikiza | ayitwikizi | engatwikizi | ingatwikizi |
| Class 5 | liyatwikiza, litwikiza | elitwikizayo, elitwikiza | litwikiza | alitwikizi | elingatwikizi | lingatwikizi |
| Class 6 | ayatwikiza, atwikiza | atwikizayo, atwikiza | etwikiza | awatwikizi | angatwikizi | engatwikizi |
| Class 7 | siyatwikiza, sitwikiza | esitwikizayo, esitwikiza | sitwikiza | asitwikizi | esingatwikizi | singatwikizi |
| Class 8 | ziyatwikiza, zitwikiza | ezitwikizayo, ezitwikiza | zitwikiza | azitwikizi | ezingatwikizi | zingatwikizi |
| Class 9 | iyatwikiza, itwikiza | etwikizayo, etwikiza | itwikiza | ayitwikizi | engatwikizi | ingatwikizi |
| Class 10 | ziyatwikiza, zitwikiza | ezitwikizayo, ezitwikiza | zitwikiza | azitwikizi | ezingatwikizi | zingatwikizi |
| Class 11 | luyatwikiza, lutwikiza | olutwikizayo, olutwikiza | lutwikiza | alutwikizi | olungatwikizi | lungatwikizi |
| Class 14 | buyatwikiza, butwikiza | obutwikizayo, obutwikiza | butwikiza | abutwikizi | obungatwikizi | bungatwikizi |
| Class 15 | kuyatwikiza, kutwikiza | okutwikizayo, okutwikiza | kutwikiza | akutwikizi | okungatwikizi | kungatwikizi |
| Class 17 | kuyatwikiza, kutwikiza | okutwikizayo, okutwikiza | kutwikiza | akutwikizi | okungatwikizi | kungatwikizi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngitwikizile, ngitwikizē | engitwikizile, engitwikizē | ngitwikizile, ngitwikizē | angitwikizanga | engingatwikizanga | ngingatwikizanga |
| 2nd singular | utwikizile, utwikizē | otwikizile, otwikizē | utwikizile, utwikizē | awutwikizanga | ongatwikizanga | ungatwikizanga |
| 1st plural | sitwikizile, sitwikizē | esitwikizile, esitwikizē | sitwikizile, sitwikizē | asitwikizanga | esingatwikizanga | singatwikizanga |
| 2nd plural | nitwikizile, nitwikizē | enitwikizile, enitwikizē | nitwikizile, nitwikizē | anitwikizanga | eningatwikizanga | ningatwikizanga |
| Class 1 | utwikizile, utwikizē | otwikizile, otwikizē | etwikizile, etwikizē | akatwikizanga | ongatwikizanga | engatwikizanga |
| Class 2 | batwikizile, batwikizē | abatwikizile, abatwikizē | betwikizile, betwikizē | abatwikizanga | abangatwikizanga | bengatwikizanga |
| Class 3 | utwikizile, utwikizē | otwikizile, otwikizē | utwikizile, utwikizē | awutwikizanga | ongatwikizanga | ungatwikizanga |
| Class 4 | itwikizile, itwikizē | etwikizile, etwikizē | itwikizile, itwikizē | ayitwikizanga | engatwikizanga | ingatwikizanga |
| Class 5 | litwikizile, litwikizē | elitwikizile, elitwikizē | litwikizile, litwikizē | alitwikizanga | elingatwikizanga | lingatwikizanga |
| Class 6 | atwikizile, atwikizē | atwikizile, atwikizē | etwikizile, etwikizē | awatwikizanga | angatwikizanga | engatwikizanga |
| Class 7 | sitwikizile, sitwikizē | esitwikizile, esitwikizē | sitwikizile, sitwikizē | asitwikizanga | esingatwikizanga | singatwikizanga |
| Class 8 | zitwikizile, zitwikizē | ezitwikizile, ezitwikizē | zitwikizile, zitwikizē | azitwikizanga | ezingatwikizanga | zingatwikizanga |
| Class 9 | itwikizile, itwikizē | etwikizile, etwikizē | itwikizile, itwikizē | ayitwikizanga | engatwikizanga | ingatwikizanga |
| Class 10 | zitwikizile, zitwikizē | ezitwikizile, ezitwikizē | zitwikizile, zitwikizē | azitwikizanga | ezingatwikizanga | zingatwikizanga |
| Class 11 | lutwikizile, lutwikizē | olutwikizile, olutwikizē | lutwikizile, lutwikizē | alutwikizanga | olungatwikizanga | lungatwikizanga |
| Class 14 | butwikizile, butwikizē | obutwikizile, obutwikizē | butwikizile, butwikizē | abutwikizanga | obungatwikizanga | bungatwikizanga |
| Class 15 | kutwikizile, kutwikizē | okutwikizile, okutwikizē | kutwikizile, kutwikizē | akutwikizanga | okungatwikizanga | kungatwikizanga |
| Class 17 | kutwikizile, kutwikizē | okutwikizile, okutwikizē | kutwikizile, kutwikizē | akutwikizanga | okungatwikizanga | kungatwikizanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngātwikiza | engātwikiza | ngātwikiza | angitwikizanga | engingatwikizanga | ngingatwikizanga |
| 2nd singular | wātwikiza | owātwikiza | wātwikiza | awutwikizanga | ongatwikizanga | ungatwikizanga |
| 1st plural | sātwikiza | esātwikiza | sātwikiza | asitwikizanga | esingatwikizanga | singatwikizanga |
| 2nd plural | nātwikiza | enātwikiza | nātwikiza | anitwikizanga | eningatwikizanga | ningatwikizanga |
| Class 1 | wātwikiza | owātwikiza | ātwikiza | akatwikizanga | ongatwikizanga | engatwikizanga |
| Class 2 | bātwikiza | abātwikiza | bātwikiza | abatwikizanga | abangatwikizanga | bengatwikizanga |
| Class 3 | wātwikiza | owātwikiza | wātwikiza | awutwikizanga | ongatwikizanga | ungatwikizanga |
| Class 4 | yātwikiza | eyātwikiza | yātwikiza | ayitwikizanga | engatwikizanga | ingatwikizanga |
| Class 5 | lātwikiza | elātwikiza | lātwikiza | alitwikizanga | elingatwikizanga | lingatwikizanga |
| Class 6 | ātwikiza | ātwikiza | ātwikiza | awatwikizanga | angatwikizanga | engatwikizanga |
| Class 7 | sātwikiza | esātwikiza | sātwikiza | asitwikizanga | esingatwikizanga | singatwikizanga |
| Class 8 | zātwikiza | ezātwikiza | zātwikiza | azitwikizanga | ezingatwikizanga | zingatwikizanga |
| Class 9 | yātwikiza | eyātwikiza | yātwikiza | ayitwikizanga | engatwikizanga | ingatwikizanga |
| Class 10 | zātwikiza | ezātwikiza | zātwikiza | azitwikizanga | ezingatwikizanga | zingatwikizanga |
| Class 11 | lwātwikiza | olwātwikiza | lwātwikiza | alutwikizanga | olungatwikizanga | lungatwikizanga |
| Class 14 | bātwikiza | obātwikiza | bātwikiza | abutwikizanga | obungatwikizanga | bungatwikizanga |
| Class 15 | kwātwikiza | okwātwikiza | kwātwikiza | akutwikizanga | okungatwikizanga | kungatwikizanga |
| Class 17 | kwātwikiza | okwātwikiza | kwātwikiza | akutwikizanga | okungatwikizanga | kungatwikizanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingatwikiza | — | ngingatwikiza | ngingetwikize | — | ngingetwikize |
| 2nd singular | ungatwikiza | — | ungatwikiza | ungetwikize | — | ungetwikize |
| 1st plural | singatwikiza | — | singatwikiza | singetwikize | — | singetwikize |
| 2nd plural | ningatwikiza | — | ningatwikiza | ningetwikize | — | ningetwikize |
| Class 1 | angatwikiza | — | engatwikiza | angetwikize | — | engetwikize |
| Class 2 | bangatwikiza | — | bengatwikiza | bangetwikize | — | bengetwikize |
| Class 3 | ungatwikiza | — | ungatwikiza | ungetwikize | — | ungetwikize |
| Class 4 | ingatwikiza | — | ingatwikiza | ingetwikize | — | ingetwikize |
| Class 5 | lingatwikiza | — | lingatwikiza | lingetwikize | — | lingetwikize |
| Class 6 | angatwikiza | — | engatwikiza | angetwikize | — | engetwikize |
| Class 7 | singatwikiza | — | singatwikiza | singetwikize | — | singetwikize |
| Class 8 | zingatwikiza | — | zingatwikiza | zingetwikize | — | zingetwikize |
| Class 9 | ingatwikiza | — | ingatwikiza | ingetwikize | — | ingetwikize |
| Class 10 | zingatwikiza | — | zingatwikiza | zingetwikize | — | zingetwikize |
| Class 11 | lungatwikiza | — | lungatwikiza | lungetwikize | — | lungetwikize |
| Class 14 | bungatwikiza | — | bungatwikiza | bungetwikize | — | bungetwikize |
| Class 15 | kungatwikiza | — | kungatwikiza | kungetwikize | — | kungetwikize |
| Class 17 | kungatwikiza | — | kungatwikiza | kungetwikize | — | kungetwikize |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizotwikiza | engizotwikiza | ngizotwikiza | angizutwikiza | engingezutwikiza | ngingezutwikiza |
| 2nd singular | uzotwikiza | ozotwikiza | uzotwikiza | awuzutwikiza | ongezutwikiza | ungezutwikiza |
| 1st plural | sizotwikiza | esizotwikiza | sizotwikiza | asizutwikiza | esingezutwikiza | singezutwikiza |
| 2nd plural | nizotwikiza | enizotwikiza | nizotwikiza | anizutwikiza | eningezutwikiza | ningezutwikiza |
| Class 1 | uzotwikiza | ozotwikiza | ezotwikiza | akazutwikiza | ongezutwikiza | engezutwikiza |
| Class 2 | bazotwikiza | abazotwikiza | bezotwikiza | abazutwikiza | abangezutwikiza | bengezutwikiza |
| Class 3 | uzotwikiza | ozotwikiza | uzotwikiza | awuzutwikiza | ongezutwikiza | ungezutwikiza |
| Class 4 | izotwikiza | ezotwikiza | izotwikiza | ayizutwikiza | engezutwikiza | ingezutwikiza |
| Class 5 | lizotwikiza | elizotwikiza | lizotwikiza | alizutwikiza | elingezutwikiza | lingezutwikiza |
| Class 6 | azotwikiza | azotwikiza | ezotwikiza | awazutwikiza | angezutwikiza | engezutwikiza |
| Class 7 | sizotwikiza | esizotwikiza | sizotwikiza | asizutwikiza | esingezutwikiza | singezutwikiza |
| Class 8 | zizotwikiza | ezizotwikiza | zizotwikiza | azizutwikiza | ezingezutwikiza | zingezutwikiza |
| Class 9 | izotwikiza | ezotwikiza | izotwikiza | ayizutwikiza | engezutwikiza | ingezutwikiza |
| Class 10 | zizotwikiza | ezizotwikiza | zizotwikiza | azizutwikiza | ezingezutwikiza | zingezutwikiza |
| Class 11 | luzotwikiza | oluzotwikiza | luzotwikiza | aluzutwikiza | olungezutwikiza | lungezutwikiza |
| Class 14 | buzotwikiza | obuzotwikiza | buzotwikiza | abuzutwikiza | obungezutwikiza | bungezutwikiza |
| Class 15 | kuzotwikiza | okuzotwikiza | kuzotwikiza | akuzutwikiza | okungezutwikiza | kungezutwikiza |
| Class 17 | kuzotwikiza | okuzotwikiza | kuzotwikiza | akuzutwikiza | okungezutwikiza | kungezutwikiza |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyotwikiza | engiyotwikiza | ngiyotwikiza | angiyutwikiza | engingeyutwikiza | ngingeyutwikiza |
| 2nd singular | uyotwikiza | oyotwikiza | uyotwikiza | awuyutwikiza | ongeyutwikiza | ungeyutwikiza |
| 1st plural | siyotwikiza | esiyotwikiza | siyotwikiza | asiyutwikiza | esingeyutwikiza | singeyutwikiza |
| 2nd plural | niyotwikiza | eniyotwikiza | niyotwikiza | aniyutwikiza | eningeyutwikiza | ningeyutwikiza |
| Class 1 | uyotwikiza | oyotwikiza | eyotwikiza | akayutwikiza | ongeyutwikiza | engeyutwikiza |
| Class 2 | bayotwikiza | abayotwikiza | beyotwikiza | abayutwikiza | abangeyutwikiza | bengeyutwikiza |
| Class 3 | uyotwikiza | oyotwikiza | uyotwikiza | awuyutwikiza | ongeyutwikiza | ungeyutwikiza |
| Class 4 | iyotwikiza | eyotwikiza | iyotwikiza | ayiyutwikiza | engeyutwikiza | ingeyutwikiza |
| Class 5 | liyotwikiza | eliyotwikiza | liyotwikiza | aliyutwikiza | elingeyutwikiza | lingeyutwikiza |
| Class 6 | ayotwikiza | ayotwikiza | eyotwikiza | awayutwikiza | angeyutwikiza | engeyutwikiza |
| Class 7 | siyotwikiza | esiyotwikiza | siyotwikiza | asiyutwikiza | esingeyutwikiza | singeyutwikiza |
| Class 8 | ziyotwikiza | eziyotwikiza | ziyotwikiza | aziyutwikiza | ezingeyutwikiza | zingeyutwikiza |
| Class 9 | iyotwikiza | eyotwikiza | iyotwikiza | ayiyutwikiza | engeyutwikiza | ingeyutwikiza |
| Class 10 | ziyotwikiza | eziyotwikiza | ziyotwikiza | aziyutwikiza | ezingeyutwikiza | zingeyutwikiza |
| Class 11 | luyotwikiza | oluyotwikiza | luyotwikiza | aluyutwikiza | olungeyutwikiza | lungeyutwikiza |
| Class 14 | buyotwikiza | obuyotwikiza | buyotwikiza | abuyutwikiza | obungeyutwikiza | bungeyutwikiza |
| Class 15 | kuyotwikiza | okuyotwikiza | kuyotwikiza | akuyutwikiza | okungeyutwikiza | kungeyutwikiza |
| Class 17 | kuyotwikiza | okuyotwikiza | kuyotwikiza | akuyutwikiza | okungeyutwikiza | kungeyutwikiza |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngitwikize | ngingatwikizi |
| 2nd singular | utwikize | ungatwikizi |
| 1st plural | sitwikize | singatwikizi |
| 2nd plural | nitwikize | ningatwikizi |
| Class 1 | atwikize | angatwikizi |
| Class 2 | batwikize | bangatwikizi |
| Class 3 | utwikize | ungatwikizi |
| Class 4 | itwikize | ingatwikizi |
| Class 5 | litwikize | lingatwikizi |
| Class 6 | atwikize | angatwikizi |
| Class 7 | sitwikize | singatwikizi |
| Class 8 | zitwikize | zingatwikizi |
| Class 9 | itwikize | ingatwikizi |
| Class 10 | zitwikize | zingatwikizi |
| Class 11 | lutwikize | lungatwikizi |
| Class 14 | butwikize | bungatwikizi |
| Class 15 | kutwikize | kungatwikizi |
| Class 17 | kutwikize | kungatwikizi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngatwikiza | ngangatwikiza, angatwikiza, angangatwikiza |
| 2nd singular | watwikiza | wangatwikiza, awatwikiza, awangatwikiza |
| 1st plural | satwikiza | sangatwikiza, asatwikiza, asangatwikiza |
| 2nd plural | natwikiza | nangatwikiza, anatwikiza, anangatwikiza |
| Class 1 | watwikiza | wangatwikiza, akatwikiza, akangatwikiza |
| Class 2 | batwikiza | bangatwikiza, abatwikiza, abangatwikiza |
| Class 3 | watwikiza | wangatwikiza, awatwikiza, awangatwikiza |
| Class 4 | yatwikiza | yangatwikiza, ayatwikiza, ayangatwikiza |
| Class 5 | latwikiza | langatwikiza, alatwikiza, alangatwikiza |
| Class 6 | atwikiza | angatwikiza, awatwikiza, awangatwikiza |
| Class 7 | satwikiza | sangatwikiza, asatwikiza, asangatwikiza |
| Class 8 | zatwikiza | zangatwikiza, azatwikiza, azangatwikiza |
| Class 9 | yatwikiza | yangatwikiza, ayatwikiza, ayangatwikiza |
| Class 10 | zatwikiza | zangatwikiza, azatwikiza, azangatwikiza |
| Class 11 | lwatwikiza | lwangatwikiza, alwatwikiza, alwangatwikiza |
| Class 14 | batwikiza | bangatwikiza, abatwikiza, abangatwikiza |
| Class 15 | kwatwikiza | kwangatwikiza, akwatwikiza, akwangatwikiza |
| Class 17 | kwatwikiza | kwangatwikiza, akwatwikiza, akwangatwikiza |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “twikiza”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “twikiza (3.2.9)”