# khumula
## Swazi
### Verb

-khúmúla
* to undress, to change clothes

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

Derived from the ideophone khumu.

### Verb

-khumúla
* (transitive) to take off (clothes)
* (transitive) to extract, to draw out, to take out
* (transitive) to loosen, to unfix, to unloose, to untie
* (transitive) to outspan, to unharness

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukukhumula |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukukhumula | ukungakhumuli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | khumula | -khumule |
| Plural | khumulani | -khumuleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyakhumula, ngikhumula | engikhumulayo, engikhumula | ngikhumula | angikhumuli | engingakhumuli | ngingakhumuli |
| 2nd singular | uyakhumula, ukhumula | okhumulayo, okhumula | ukhumula | awukhumuli | ongakhumuli | ungakhumuli |
| 1st plural | siyakhumula, sikhumula | esikhumulayo, esikhumula | sikhumula | asikhumuli | esingakhumuli | singakhumuli |
| 2nd plural | niyakhumula, nikhumula | enikhumulayo, enikhumula | nikhumula | anikhumuli | eningakhumuli | ningakhumuli |
| Class 1 | uyakhumula, ukhumula | okhumulayo, okhumula | ekhumula | akakhumuli | ongakhumuli | engakhumuli |
| Class 2 | bayakhumula, bakhumula | abakhumulayo, abakhumula | bekhumula | abakhumuli | abangakhumuli | bengakhumuli |
| Class 3 | uyakhumula, ukhumula | okhumulayo, okhumula | ukhumula | awukhumuli | ongakhumuli | ungakhumuli |
| Class 4 | iyakhumula, ikhumula | ekhumulayo, ekhumula | ikhumula | ayikhumuli | engakhumuli | ingakhumuli |
| Class 5 | liyakhumula, likhumula | elikhumulayo, elikhumula | likhumula | alikhumuli | elingakhumuli | lingakhumuli |
| Class 6 | ayakhumula, akhumula | akhumulayo, akhumula | ekhumula | awakhumuli | angakhumuli | engakhumuli |
| Class 7 | siyakhumula, sikhumula | esikhumulayo, esikhumula | sikhumula | asikhumuli | esingakhumuli | singakhumuli |
| Class 8 | ziyakhumula, zikhumula | ezikhumulayo, ezikhumula | zikhumula | azikhumuli | ezingakhumuli | zingakhumuli |
| Class 9 | iyakhumula, ikhumula | ekhumulayo, ekhumula | ikhumula | ayikhumuli | engakhumuli | ingakhumuli |
| Class 10 | ziyakhumula, zikhumula | ezikhumulayo, ezikhumula | zikhumula | azikhumuli | ezingakhumuli | zingakhumuli |
| Class 11 | luyakhumula, lukhumula | olukhumulayo, olukhumula | lukhumula | alukhumuli | olungakhumuli | lungakhumuli |
| Class 14 | buyakhumula, bukhumula | obukhumulayo, obukhumula | bukhumula | abukhumuli | obungakhumuli | bungakhumuli |
| Class 15 | kuyakhumula, kukhumula | okukhumulayo, okukhumula | kukhumula | akukhumuli | okungakhumuli | kungakhumuli |
| Class 17 | kuyakhumula, kukhumula | okukhumulayo, okukhumula | kukhumula | akukhumuli | okungakhumuli | kungakhumuli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngikhumulile, ngikhumulē | engikhumulile, engikhumulē | ngikhumulile, ngikhumulē | angikhumulanga | engingakhumulanga | ngingakhumulanga |
| 2nd singular | ukhumulile, ukhumulē | okhumulile, okhumulē | ukhumulile, ukhumulē | awukhumulanga | ongakhumulanga | ungakhumulanga |
| 1st plural | sikhumulile, sikhumulē | esikhumulile, esikhumulē | sikhumulile, sikhumulē | asikhumulanga | esingakhumulanga | singakhumulanga |
| 2nd plural | nikhumulile, nikhumulē | enikhumulile, enikhumulē | nikhumulile, nikhumulē | anikhumulanga | eningakhumulanga | ningakhumulanga |
| Class 1 | ukhumulile, ukhumulē | okhumulile, okhumulē | ekhumulile, ekhumulē | akakhumulanga | ongakhumulanga | engakhumulanga |
| Class 2 | bakhumulile, bakhumulē | abakhumulile, abakhumulē | bekhumulile, bekhumulē | abakhumulanga | abangakhumulanga | bengakhumulanga |
| Class 3 | ukhumulile, ukhumulē | okhumulile, okhumulē | ukhumulile, ukhumulē | awukhumulanga | ongakhumulanga | ungakhumulanga |
| Class 4 | ikhumulile, ikhumulē | ekhumulile, ekhumulē | ikhumulile, ikhumulē | ayikhumulanga | engakhumulanga | ingakhumulanga |
| Class 5 | likhumulile, likhumulē | elikhumulile, elikhumulē | likhumulile, likhumulē | alikhumulanga | elingakhumulanga | lingakhumulanga |
| Class 6 | akhumulile, akhumulē | akhumulile, akhumulē | ekhumulile, ekhumulē | awakhumulanga | angakhumulanga | engakhumulanga |
| Class 7 | sikhumulile, sikhumulē | esikhumulile, esikhumulē | sikhumulile, sikhumulē | asikhumulanga | esingakhumulanga | singakhumulanga |
| Class 8 | zikhumulile, zikhumulē | ezikhumulile, ezikhumulē | zikhumulile, zikhumulē | azikhumulanga | ezingakhumulanga | zingakhumulanga |
| Class 9 | ikhumulile, ikhumulē | ekhumulile, ekhumulē | ikhumulile, ikhumulē | ayikhumulanga | engakhumulanga | ingakhumulanga |
| Class 10 | zikhumulile, zikhumulē | ezikhumulile, ezikhumulē | zikhumulile, zikhumulē | azikhumulanga | ezingakhumulanga | zingakhumulanga |
| Class 11 | lukhumulile, lukhumulē | olukhumulile, olukhumulē | lukhumulile, lukhumulē | alukhumulanga | olungakhumulanga | lungakhumulanga |
| Class 14 | bukhumulile, bukhumulē | obukhumulile, obukhumulē | bukhumulile, bukhumulē | abukhumulanga | obungakhumulanga | bungakhumulanga |
| Class 15 | kukhumulile, kukhumulē | okukhumulile, okukhumulē | kukhumulile, kukhumulē | akukhumulanga | okungakhumulanga | kungakhumulanga |
| Class 17 | kukhumulile, kukhumulē | okukhumulile, okukhumulē | kukhumulile, kukhumulē | akukhumulanga | okungakhumulanga | kungakhumulanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngākhumula | engākhumula | ngākhumula | angikhumulanga | engingakhumulanga | ngingakhumulanga |
| 2nd singular | wākhumula | owākhumula | wākhumula | awukhumulanga | ongakhumulanga | ungakhumulanga |
| 1st plural | sākhumula | esākhumula | sākhumula | asikhumulanga | esingakhumulanga | singakhumulanga |
| 2nd plural | nākhumula | enākhumula | nākhumula | anikhumulanga | eningakhumulanga | ningakhumulanga |
| Class 1 | wākhumula | owākhumula | ākhumula | akakhumulanga | ongakhumulanga | engakhumulanga |
| Class 2 | bākhumula | abākhumula | bākhumula | abakhumulanga | abangakhumulanga | bengakhumulanga |
| Class 3 | wākhumula | owākhumula | wākhumula | awukhumulanga | ongakhumulanga | ungakhumulanga |
| Class 4 | yākhumula | eyākhumula | yākhumula | ayikhumulanga | engakhumulanga | ingakhumulanga |
| Class 5 | lākhumula | elākhumula | lākhumula | alikhumulanga | elingakhumulanga | lingakhumulanga |
| Class 6 | ākhumula | ākhumula | ākhumula | awakhumulanga | angakhumulanga | engakhumulanga |
| Class 7 | sākhumula | esākhumula | sākhumula | asikhumulanga | esingakhumulanga | singakhumulanga |
| Class 8 | zākhumula | ezākhumula | zākhumula | azikhumulanga | ezingakhumulanga | zingakhumulanga |
| Class 9 | yākhumula | eyākhumula | yākhumula | ayikhumulanga | engakhumulanga | ingakhumulanga |
| Class 10 | zākhumula | ezākhumula | zākhumula | azikhumulanga | ezingakhumulanga | zingakhumulanga |
| Class 11 | lwākhumula | olwākhumula | lwākhumula | alukhumulanga | olungakhumulanga | lungakhumulanga |
| Class 14 | bākhumula | obākhumula | bākhumula | abukhumulanga | obungakhumulanga | bungakhumulanga |
| Class 15 | kwākhumula | okwākhumula | kwākhumula | akukhumulanga | okungakhumulanga | kungakhumulanga |
| Class 17 | kwākhumula | okwākhumula | kwākhumula | akukhumulanga | okungakhumulanga | kungakhumulanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingakhumula | — | ngingakhumula | ngingekhumule | — | ngingekhumule |
| 2nd singular | ungakhumula | — | ungakhumula | ungekhumule | — | ungekhumule |
| 1st plural | singakhumula | — | singakhumula | singekhumule | — | singekhumule |
| 2nd plural | ningakhumula | — | ningakhumula | ningekhumule | — | ningekhumule |
| Class 1 | angakhumula | — | engakhumula | angekhumule | — | engekhumule |
| Class 2 | bangakhumula | — | bengakhumula | bangekhumule | — | bengekhumule |
| Class 3 | ungakhumula | — | ungakhumula | ungekhumule | — | ungekhumule |
| Class 4 | ingakhumula | — | ingakhumula | ingekhumule | — | ingekhumule |
| Class 5 | lingakhumula | — | lingakhumula | lingekhumule | — | lingekhumule |
| Class 6 | angakhumula | — | engakhumula | angekhumule | — | engekhumule |
| Class 7 | singakhumula | — | singakhumula | singekhumule | — | singekhumule |
| Class 8 | zingakhumula | — | zingakhumula | zingekhumule | — | zingekhumule |
| Class 9 | ingakhumula | — | ingakhumula | ingekhumule | — | ingekhumule |
| Class 10 | zingakhumula | — | zingakhumula | zingekhumule | — | zingekhumule |
| Class 11 | lungakhumula | — | lungakhumula | lungekhumule | — | lungekhumule |
| Class 14 | bungakhumula | — | bungakhumula | bungekhumule | — | bungekhumule |
| Class 15 | kungakhumula | — | kungakhumula | kungekhumule | — | kungekhumule |
| Class 17 | kungakhumula | — | kungakhumula | kungekhumule | — | kungekhumule |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizokhumula | engizokhumula | ngizokhumula | angizukhumula | engingezukhumula | ngingezukhumula |
| 2nd singular | uzokhumula | ozokhumula | uzokhumula | awuzukhumula | ongezukhumula | ungezukhumula |
| 1st plural | sizokhumula | esizokhumula | sizokhumula | asizukhumula | esingezukhumula | singezukhumula |
| 2nd plural | nizokhumula | enizokhumula | nizokhumula | anizukhumula | eningezukhumula | ningezukhumula |
| Class 1 | uzokhumula | ozokhumula | ezokhumula | akazukhumula | ongezukhumula | engezukhumula |
| Class 2 | bazokhumula | abazokhumula | bezokhumula | abazukhumula | abangezukhumula | bengezukhumula |
| Class 3 | uzokhumula | ozokhumula | uzokhumula | awuzukhumula | ongezukhumula | ungezukhumula |
| Class 4 | izokhumula | ezokhumula | izokhumula | ayizukhumula | engezukhumula | ingezukhumula |
| Class 5 | lizokhumula | elizokhumula | lizokhumula | alizukhumula | elingezukhumula | lingezukhumula |
| Class 6 | azokhumula | azokhumula | ezokhumula | awazukhumula | angezukhumula | engezukhumula |
| Class 7 | sizokhumula | esizokhumula | sizokhumula | asizukhumula | esingezukhumula | singezukhumula |
| Class 8 | zizokhumula | ezizokhumula | zizokhumula | azizukhumula | ezingezukhumula | zingezukhumula |
| Class 9 | izokhumula | ezokhumula | izokhumula | ayizukhumula | engezukhumula | ingezukhumula |
| Class 10 | zizokhumula | ezizokhumula | zizokhumula | azizukhumula | ezingezukhumula | zingezukhumula |
| Class 11 | luzokhumula | oluzokhumula | luzokhumula | aluzukhumula | olungezukhumula | lungezukhumula |
| Class 14 | buzokhumula | obuzokhumula | buzokhumula | abuzukhumula | obungezukhumula | bungezukhumula |
| Class 15 | kuzokhumula | okuzokhumula | kuzokhumula | akuzukhumula | okungezukhumula | kungezukhumula |
| Class 17 | kuzokhumula | okuzokhumula | kuzokhumula | akuzukhumula | okungezukhumula | kungezukhumula |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyokhumula | engiyokhumula | ngiyokhumula | angiyukhumula | engingeyukhumula | ngingeyukhumula |
| 2nd singular | uyokhumula | oyokhumula | uyokhumula | awuyukhumula | ongeyukhumula | ungeyukhumula |
| 1st plural | siyokhumula | esiyokhumula | siyokhumula | asiyukhumula | esingeyukhumula | singeyukhumula |
| 2nd plural | niyokhumula | eniyokhumula | niyokhumula | aniyukhumula | eningeyukhumula | ningeyukhumula |
| Class 1 | uyokhumula | oyokhumula | eyokhumula | akayukhumula | ongeyukhumula | engeyukhumula |
| Class 2 | bayokhumula | abayokhumula | beyokhumula | abayukhumula | abangeyukhumula | bengeyukhumula |
| Class 3 | uyokhumula | oyokhumula | uyokhumula | awuyukhumula | ongeyukhumula | ungeyukhumula |
| Class 4 | iyokhumula | eyokhumula | iyokhumula | ayiyukhumula | engeyukhumula | ingeyukhumula |
| Class 5 | liyokhumula | eliyokhumula | liyokhumula | aliyukhumula | elingeyukhumula | lingeyukhumula |
| Class 6 | ayokhumula | ayokhumula | eyokhumula | awayukhumula | angeyukhumula | engeyukhumula |
| Class 7 | siyokhumula | esiyokhumula | siyokhumula | asiyukhumula | esingeyukhumula | singeyukhumula |
| Class 8 | ziyokhumula | eziyokhumula | ziyokhumula | aziyukhumula | ezingeyukhumula | zingeyukhumula |
| Class 9 | iyokhumula | eyokhumula | iyokhumula | ayiyukhumula | engeyukhumula | ingeyukhumula |
| Class 10 | ziyokhumula | eziyokhumula | ziyokhumula | aziyukhumula | ezingeyukhumula | zingeyukhumula |
| Class 11 | luyokhumula | oluyokhumula | luyokhumula | aluyukhumula | olungeyukhumula | lungeyukhumula |
| Class 14 | buyokhumula | obuyokhumula | buyokhumula | abuyukhumula | obungeyukhumula | bungeyukhumula |
| Class 15 | kuyokhumula | okuyokhumula | kuyokhumula | akuyukhumula | okungeyukhumula | kungeyukhumula |
| Class 17 | kuyokhumula | okuyokhumula | kuyokhumula | akuyukhumula | okungeyukhumula | kungeyukhumula |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngikhumule | ngingakhumuli |
| 2nd singular | ukhumule | ungakhumuli |
| 1st plural | sikhumule | singakhumuli |
| 2nd plural | nikhumule | ningakhumuli |
| Class 1 | akhumule | angakhumuli |
| Class 2 | bakhumule | bangakhumuli |
| Class 3 | ukhumule | ungakhumuli |
| Class 4 | ikhumule | ingakhumuli |
| Class 5 | likhumule | lingakhumuli |
| Class 6 | akhumule | angakhumuli |
| Class 7 | sikhumule | singakhumuli |
| Class 8 | zikhumule | zingakhumuli |
| Class 9 | ikhumule | ingakhumuli |
| Class 10 | zikhumule | zingakhumuli |
| Class 11 | lukhumule | lungakhumuli |
| Class 14 | bukhumule | bungakhumuli |
| Class 15 | kukhumule | kungakhumuli |
| Class 17 | kukhumule | kungakhumuli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngakhumula | ngangakhumula, angakhumula, angangakhumula |
| 2nd singular | wakhumula | wangakhumula, awakhumula, awangakhumula |
| 1st plural | sakhumula | sangakhumula, asakhumula, asangakhumula |
| 2nd plural | nakhumula | nangakhumula, anakhumula, anangakhumula |
| Class 1 | wakhumula | wangakhumula, akakhumula, akangakhumula |
| Class 2 | bakhumula | bangakhumula, abakhumula, abangakhumula |
| Class 3 | wakhumula | wangakhumula, awakhumula, awangakhumula |
| Class 4 | yakhumula | yangakhumula, ayakhumula, ayangakhumula |
| Class 5 | lakhumula | langakhumula, alakhumula, alangakhumula |
| Class 6 | akhumula | angakhumula, awakhumula, awangakhumula |
| Class 7 | sakhumula | sangakhumula, asakhumula, asangakhumula |
| Class 8 | zakhumula | zangakhumula, azakhumula, azangakhumula |
| Class 9 | yakhumula | yangakhumula, ayakhumula, ayangakhumula |
| Class 10 | zakhumula | zangakhumula, azakhumula, azangakhumula |
| Class 11 | lwakhumula | lwangakhumula, alwakhumula, alwangakhumula |
| Class 14 | bakhumula | bangakhumula, abakhumula, abangakhumula |
| Class 15 | kwakhumula | kwangakhumula, akwakhumula, akwangakhumula |
| Class 17 | kwakhumula | kwangakhumula, akwakhumula, akwangakhumula |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “khumula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khumula (3.2.9)”

### Anagrams

* khuluma