# vesels
## Afrikaans
### Noun

vesels
* plural of vesel

## Latvian
### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wéselas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wésus (“good, excellent, happy”) with an extra -el. The original meaning was thus “cheerful, happy,” by extension “one who has nothing to suffer from, who is not sick” and then “healthy,” from which also “not damaged,” “whole, not divided.” Cognates include dialectal Lithuanian vẽselas, vesẽlas (“joyous, happy”), Old Prussian wessals (“cheerful”), wesliskan (“cheerfulness”, accusative), Old Church Slavonic веселъ (veselŭ), Russian весёлый (vesjólyj), ве́сел (vésel, “cheerful, happy”), Belarusian вясёлы (vjasjóly), Ukrainian весе́лий (vesélyj), Bulgarian ве́сел (vésel), Czech veselý, Polish wesoły, Sanskrit वसु (vásu, “excellent, great”), Avestan 𐬬𐬊𐬵𐬎 (vohu, “good, advantageous, suitable”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [væsæls]
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### Adjective

vesels (definite veselais, comparative veselāks, superlative visveselākais, adverb veseli)
* healthy (not sick, not wounded; being in good health)
    vesels bērns ― healthy child
    veseli teļi ― healthy calves
    veseli stādi, ziedi ― healthy plants, flowers
    veseli zobi ― healthy teeth
    kļūt veselam ― to become healthy
    justies veselam ― to feel healthy
    vesels kā rutks ― healthy as a black radish (= very healthy)
    vesels kā ābols ― healthy as an apple (= very healhty)
    sveiks un vesels ― safe and sound (= healthy)
    redziet, Arvīds ir pilnīgi vesels, rīt viņš izrakstās no slimnīcas ― look, Arvīds is fully healthy, tomorrow they will let him go from the hospital
    veselais cilvēks daudz nedomā par savu ķermeni ― the healthy person does not think much abuot his/her body
    es nekad neslimoju, esmu vesels kā rutks! ― I am never sick, I am as healthy as a black radish (= very healthy)
* (of thoughts, behavior, character) healthy, sound (satisfying certain norms and expectations)
    līdz šim Maldups vienmēr bija rīkojies tā, kā to prasīja veselais saprāts ― so far Maldups has always acted as called for by healthy (= common) sense
    ir veca patiesība, ka tikai veselā miesā var mājot vesels gars ― there is an old saying: only in a healthy flesh (= sound body) can a healthy spirit dwell
* used to wish well to someone, to wish success to some action, activity
    staigā, dzīvo vesels! ― walk, live healthy! (goodbye expression, said when taking leave)
    nopērc licenci un zvejo vesels! ― buy a (fishing) licence and go fish healthy (= successfully)!
    Lauma: “Ar labu nakti, jūs visi!” Zeltīte: “Vesela!” Minna: “Laimīga!” ― Lauma: “Good night, you all!” Zeltīte: “(I wish you) healthy!” Minna: “(I wish you) happy!”
* whole (not divided into parts, pieces; which is not broken)
    vesels skaitlis ― (mathematics) a whole number
    medījumu odzes, kā jau visas indīgās čūskas, vispirms nogalina ar indīgu kodienu, pēc tam aprij veselu ― vipers, like all poisonous snakes, first kill their pray with a poisonous bite, (and) then swallow it whole
    zem pērnām lapām viens otrs vesels rieksts ― under last year's leaves (still) a couple of whole (= unbroken) nuts
    apakšēja stūrī lapas gan bija salipušas, bet, saudzīgi verot, izdevās tās atdalīt veselas ― the pages were sticking at the bottom corner, but, being careful, one could manage to separate them whole (= undamaged)
    izdevās sameklēt kādu būdu, kurai vēl veseli bisi logi un durvis ― (he) was able to find a hut with windows and doors still whole (= unbroken)
* (used nominally) whole
    priekšmetu formu un krāsu mākslinieks vienmēr uzskatījis par vienotu veselu ― the artists always considers the form and color of objects as a unified (= coherent) whole
    treneris un sportists: viens vesels, kura galvenais mērķis ir augstu sportisko rezultātu ― coach and athlete: one (single) whole whose main purpose is to obtain high athetlic results
* whole, entire (encompassing the full extension, volume, size of something)
    vesels vezums malkas ― a whole, an entire cartful of firewood
    vesels klēpis ziedu ― a whole armful of flowers
    vesels kilograms konfekšu ― a whole kilogram of candy
    gaidīt veselu stundu ― to wait for an entire hour
    samaksāt veselus divus latus ― to pay an entire (= the entire sum of) two lats
    pie tranšējas sapulcējis vesels bars vīru ― at the trench a whole group (lit. herd) of men gathered
    es jums aizsūtīju veselu kaudzi vēstuļu ― I sent you a whole bunch of letters
    uz galda gozējas mīksti, brūni pīrāgi; vesels kalns pīrāgu ― on the table soft, brown pies were basking (in the sun); a whole mountain of pies
    ar Jāni mēs bijām nosēdējuši kopā vienā klasē jau veselu gadu ― I have sat together with Jānis in the same class for an entire year
* (figuratively, stressing the importance or significance of something) whole, entire
    kaut ko tādu par pulksteņiem Krists dzirdēja pirmo reizi, un viņš sāka saprast, ka te runā par veselu zinātne ― it was the first time Kirsts had heard something like that about clocks, and he began to understand that there (was) an entire science (in it)
    pats vērtīgākais, ko dzejnieks devis saviem mazajiem draugiem, ir dzejoļu krājumiņi: tā ir vesela dzejas pasaule jaunajiem lasītājiem ― the most valuable thing that the poet gave to his little friends were the little (poetry) collections: this is a whole (new) world of poetry for young readers

#### Synonyms

* (of "whole"): viss

#### Derived terms

* veselība
* veselums

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “vesels”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN