# год
## Belarusian
### Etymology

From Old Belarusian годъ (hod), from Old East Slavic годъ (godŭ), from Proto-Slavic *godъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gadás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɣot]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

год • (hod) m inan (genitive го́да or го́ду, nominative plural гады́, genitive plural гадо́ў)
* year (time it takes for the Earth to complete one revolution around the Sun)
    Synonym: (obsolete) рок (rok)

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

#### Derived terms

* (periods of years): дзесяціго́ддзе (dzjesjacihóddzje), дваццаціго́ддзе (dvaccacihóddzje), трыццаціго́ддзе (tryccacihóddzje), саракаго́ддзе (sarakahóddzje), пяцідзесяціго́ддзе (pjacidzjesjacihóddzje), шасцідзесяціго́ддзе (šascidzjesjacihóddzje), сямідзесяціго́ддзе (sjamidzjesjacihóddzje), васьмідзесяціго́ддзе (vasʹmidzjesjacihóddzje), дзевяностаго́ддзе (dzjevjanostahóddzje), стаго́ддзе (stahóddzje)

### References

* “год” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

## Komi-Permyak
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian год (god).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡod/, [ˈɡo̞d]
* Hyphenation: год

### Noun

год • (god)
* year

#### Declension

Possessive declension of год :

### References

* P. S. Kuznecov, A. M. Sporova (1946) “год”, in Русско-Коми-Пермяцкӧй словарь [Russian-Komi-Permyak dictionary], Kudymkar: Комипермгиз
* G. I. Nemtinova, V. V. Fedoseeva, L. F. Yarkova (1993) “год”, in V. N. Kokoleva, editor, Коми-пермяцко-русский русско-коми-пермяцкий словарь [Komi-Permyak-Russian Russian-Komi-Permyak dictionary], Kudymkar: Коми-Пермяцкӧй книжнӧй издательство

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* годъ (god) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

From Old East Slavic годъ (godŭ, “time, period, year, age”), from Proto-Slavic *godъ (“suitable time”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gadás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰodʰo-, from *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, be associated, be suitable”).
Cognates include Ukrainian годі (hodi, “enough”), Bulgarian годе (gode, “ever”) (as in кой-годе (koj-gode) = whoever), Czech hod, Polish gody (“yearly feast”), Upper Sorbian hody (“Christmas”), Lower Sorbian gódy (“Christmas”), Latvian gadigs.
Germanic cognates include German Gatte (“husband”), gätlich (“convenient”), Dutch gegade, gade, gading, Dutch gader, goed, German gut, as well as English gather, together and good.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡot]
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: гот (got)
* Rhymes: -ot

### Noun

год • (god) m inan (genitive го́да, nominative plural го́ды or года́ or лета́, genitive plural годо́в or лет, relational adjective годи́чный, diminutive го́дик or годо́к)
* year
    из го́да в год ― iz góda v god ― year in and year out, from year to year
    в э́том году́ ― v étom godú ― this year
    года́ми ― godámi ― for years; for years on end
    девяно́стые го́ды ― devjanóstyje gódy ― the '90s
    уче́бный год ― učébnyj god ― school year; academic year
    Но́вый год ― Nóvyj god ― New Year’s Day
    Ему́ два́дцать оди́н год. ― Jemú dvádcatʹ odín god. ― He is 21 years old.
    Ему́ два́дцать три го́да. ― Jemú dvádcatʹ tri góda. ― He is 23 years old.
    Ему́ два́дцать пять лет. ― Jemú dvádcatʹ pjatʹ let. ― He is 25 years old.
    ты́сяча девятьсо́т девяно́сто второ́й год ― týsjača devjatʹsót devjanósto vtorój god ― (year) 1992 (in words)
    две ты́сячи оди́ннадцатый год ― dve týsjači odínnadcatyj god ― (year) 2011 (in words)
    с ка́ждым го́дом ― s káždym gódom ― from year to year, year by year, year after year
    по сравне́нию с те́м же пери́одом про́шлого го́даpo sravnéniju s tém že períodom próšlovo gódaas compared to the corresponding period last year, from the same time last year

#### Usage notes

* When the genitive plural is needed after a (cardinal) number, the word лет (let) (the genitive plural of лето (leto), meaning summer) is used instead of годо́в (godóv). This applies to numbers whose names do not end in оди́н (odín) (1), два (dva) (2), три (tri) (3), or четы́ре (četýre) (4) when in nominative, genitive, or accusative case (so this includes numbers like 114 whose name in Russian does not end in четы́ре), as well as to numbers ending in два (dva), три (tri), or четы́ре (četýre) in genitive case.
* To put this in another way, when a number should be followed by a nominative or genitive singular, the appropriate form of год (god) is used. When a number should be followed by a genitive plural, the form лет (let) is used. When the number is in the dative, instrumental, or prepositional case, the appropriate form of год (god) must be used. Examples: оди́н год (nominative singular), два го́да (genitive singular), три го́да (genitive singular), пять лет (genitive plural); but бо́льше трёх лет (genitive plural), бо́льше пяти́ лет (genitive plural); and пяти́ года́м (dative plural), пятью́ года́ми (instrumental plural), o пяти́ года́х (prepositional plural).
* When used with an ordinal number, the above rules don't apply, and one simply uses the non-suppletive form of год. For example, В нача́ле девяно́стых годо́в ("At the beginning of the '90s")

#### Declension

$^△$Irregular.

#### Derived terms

* вы́года (výgoda)
* годи́на (godína)
* годи́ться (godítʹsja)
* го́дный (gódnyj)
* годова́лый (godovályj)
* годово́й (godovój)
* годовщи́на (godovščína)
* пого́да (pogóda)
* уго́да (ugóda)

#### Descendants

* → Komi-Permyak: год (god)

#### See also

* ле́то (léto)

### References

* Isačenko, A. V. (1954‒1965) Грамматический строй русского языка в сопоставлении с словацким: Морфология: I‒II [Grammatical Structure of the Russian Language in Comparison to Slovak. Morphology. Pr. 1 & 2] (in Russian), Bratislava: Slovak Academy of Sciences; ‎2nd edition, Moscow: Languages of Slavic Сultures, 2003, →ISBN, page 78
* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “год”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
* Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “год”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 198
* Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893–1912) “годъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume, Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences

### Anagrams

* дог (dog)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *godъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gadás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ-. Cognate with Slovene god, Old Church Slavonic годъ (godŭ), Russian год (god).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡôːd/

### Noun

го̑д m (Latin spelling gȏd)
* name day
* anniversary, holiday
* ring (on a tree)

#### Related terms

* го̏дина

### Particle

год (Latin spelling god)
* generalization particle
    (т)ко год — whoever
    што год — whatever
    шта год — whatever
    какав год — of whatever kind
    колики год — of whatever size
    који год — whichever
    кад год — whenever
    чији год — whosoever
    како год хоћеш — however you want it, however you wish
    колико год (да) кошта, желим га — whatever it costs, I want it

#### Descendants

* → Pannonian Rusyn: (colloquial) ґод (god)
** ⇒ Pannonian Rusyn: яґод (jagod)

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic годъ (godŭ, “time, period, year, age”), from Proto-Slavic *godъ (“suitable time”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gadás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰodʰo-, from *gʰedʰ- (“to unite, be associated, be suitable”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɦɔd]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

год • (hod) m inan (genitive го́ду, nominative plural го́ди, genitive plural год or го́дів)
* (dialectal or colloquial or poetic) year
    Synonyms: рік (rik), лі́то (líto)

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “год”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “год”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “год”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)