# trái
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [t͡ɕaːj˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʈaːj˨˩˦]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʈaːj˦˥]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Vietic *k-laːjʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *klaj(ʔ) ~ *klaaj(ʔ) (“to change”), cognate with Muong tlải, Tho [Cuối Chăm] klaːj³, Khmer ក្លាយ (klaay, “to change”), Mon ကၠဲာ (klai, “to translate”). Compare also Thai กลาย (glaai), Lao ກາຍ (kāi).

#### Adjective

trái • (賴, 債)
* (often with bên) left (side, direction)
    bên trái ― on the left
    Rẽ/Quẹo (tay) trái.Turn left.
* reverse (side)
    mặt trái của tấm vải ― the reverse of a piece of cloth
* (rare) morally wrong, unreasonable, illogical
    phân rõ phải trái, đúng sai ― to distinguish between right and wrong

##### Synonyms

* (left): tả (only in certain contexts); chiêu
* (reverse): sau
* (morally wrong, unreasonable): trái lẽ, trái lý, trái lí

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “left”): phải; đăm
* (antonym(s) of “reverse”): phải, trước, chính

##### Derived terms

* ngang trái
* oan trái
* phải trái
* tay trái
* trái khoáy
* trái lại
* trái ngược
* trái tay

#### Adverb

trái • (賴)
* inside out
    Synonym: ngược
    Lộn trái quần áo để phơi.Turn the clothes inside out and hang them out to dry.

#### Preposition

trái • (賴)
* contrary to, despite
    nắng trái tiết ― unseasonably sunny (literally, “sunny despite the climate”)
    trái nghĩa ― antonymous
    trái với quan niệm thông thường ― contrary to popular belief

##### Derived terms

* trái lẽ
* trái lệ
* trái lý, trái lí
* trái mắt
* trái mùa
* trái nghĩa
* trái phép
* trái tai
* trái tính
* trái ý

##### Related terms

* đối lập

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Vietic *p-leːʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *pleʔ (“fruit”). Cognate with Muong Bi tlải, Khmer ផ្លែ (phlae), Bahnar plei, Pacoh culay, Mang pløː¹.
This is originally the Southern form. The North Central form trấy is still extensively used in these dialects. The Northern forms giái (inland dialects), lái (as in lái tim, coastal dialects) are also attested, but now are mostly displaced by Sino-Vietnamese quả when used as a stand-alone noun and by Southern trái when used as part of compounds (as in Trái Đất (“the Earth”)).

#### Alternative forms

* (Northern Vietnam, inland dialects, probably obsolete) giái
* (Northern Vietnam, coastal dialects, probably obsolete) lái
* (North Central Vietnam) trấy

#### Noun

trái • (𢁑, 𣛤, 𣡙, 𣡚, 𧀞)
* (chiefly South Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) piece of fruit
    ăn trái (cây) ― to eat fruit
* (informal) land mine
    gài trái ― to place land mines

##### Synonyms

* (fruit): trái cây, quả
* (land mine): mìn

#### Classifier

trái (𢁑, 𣛤, 𣡙, 𣡚, 𧀞)
* (South Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) Refers to anything round, such as a piece of fruit.
    trái chôm chôm ― rambutan
    trái lựu đạn ― grenade
    trái núi ― mountain
    trái banh ― football
    trái cây ― a piece of fruit

##### Synonyms

* (anything round): quả

##### Derived terms

* trái cây
* Trái Đất
* trái phá
* trái tim

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

trái • (瘵)
* smallpox
    lên trái ― to come down with smallpox

##### Synonyms

* (smallpox): đậu mùa

##### Derived terms

* trái rạ

### Etymology 4

Sino-Vietnamese reading of various Chinese characters.

#### Romanization

trái
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 債
* Sino-Vietnamese reading of 責

### References

* "trái" in Hồ Ngọc Đức, Free Vietnamese Dictionary Project (details)
* Lê Sơn Thanh, "Nom-Viet.dat", WinVNKey (details)
* Nôm Lookup Tool, Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation