# 碎

| 碎 | U+788E, &#30862; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-788E |
| ← 碍 [U+788D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 碏 → [U+788F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

碎 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一口卜人十 (MRYOJ), four-corner 1064$_8$, composition ⿰石卒)

#### Derived characters

* 𪝬, 𡀬, 𢣃, 𱩌, 𫄆, 𬆜, 𫬮, 𪯞, 𡳥, 𬞚, 𤻒, 𣩸, 𫦢

#### Descendants

* 砕

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 832, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24284
* Dae Jaweon: page 1248, character 23
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2439, character 9
* Unihan data for U+788E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 碎
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 晬 | *ʔsuːds |
| 祽 | *ʔsuːds |
| 綷 | *ʔsuːds |
| 淬 | *sʰuːds |
| 啐 | *sʰuːds, *suːds, *sʰroːds, *ʔsud |
| 倅 | *sʰuːds, *ʔsuːd |
| 焠 | *sʰuːds |
| 碎 | *suːds |
| 誶 | *suːds, *suds, *zud |
| 濢 | *ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds |
| 噿 | *ʔslulʔ |
| 臎 | *ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds |
| 醉 | *ʔsuds |
| 翠 | *sʰuds |
| 悴 | *zuds |
| 萃 | *zuds |
| 瘁 | *zuds |
| 顇 | *zuds |
| 粹 | *suds |
| 睟 | *suds |
| 賥 | *suds |
| 卒 | *ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud |
| 稡 | *ʔsuːd |
| 猝 | *sʰuːd |
| 椊 | *zuːd |
| 捽 | *zuːd, *zud |
| 崪 | *zuːd |
| 窣 | *suːd |
| 崒 | *zud |
| 踤 | *zud |
| 錊 | *ʔsuːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *suːds): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 卒 (OC *ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): suì (sui$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄟˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): seoi$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhui$^1$ / lhui$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sui
* Northern Min (KCR): cho̿
* Eastern Min (BUC): chó̤i
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sùi / chhùi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cui$^3$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^5$se / $^5$sei; $^3$tshei / $^5$suai / $^5$sae; $^5$sue / $^5$suei / $^1$sei; $^5$sei
** (Jinhua): $^3$sae
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: suì
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: suèi
*** Wade–Giles: sui$^4$
*** Yale: swèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suey
*** Palladius: суй (suj)
*** Sinological IPA : /su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: seoi$^3$
*** Yale: seui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soey$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɵy̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lhui$^1$ / lhui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬui³³/, /ɬui²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sui
*** Hakka Romanization System: sui
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sui$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /su̯i⁵⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cho̿
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰo³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chó̤i
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɔy²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sùi
*** Tâi-lô: suì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: suix
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sui²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sui⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhùi
*** Tâi-lô: tshuì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhuix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰui⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰui¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰui²¹/
* sùi - literary;
* chhùi - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: swojH
Rime :
| Character | 碎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 灰 (42) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 蘇内切 |
| Baxter | swojH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /suʌi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /suoi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /suɒi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /swəj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /suᴀi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /suɒi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /suɑ̆i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | suì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | seoi$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s-tsʰ]ˤu[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*suːds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 碎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | suì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ swoj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s-tsʰ]ˁu[t]-s/ |
| English | break |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 碎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17936 |
| Phonetic component | 卒 |
| Rime group | 隊 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*suːds/ |

### Definitions

碎
* shattered; fragmented; shredded
    碎片 ― suìpiàn ― chip; fragment
       di$^1$ syu$^4$ pin$^{3-2}$ seoi$^3$ saai$^3$ laa$^3$. [Jyutping]
       The chips are all crushed.
* small pieces; bits; fragments
    玻璃碎 ― bōli suì ― glass shards
    肉碎 ― ròusuì ― minced meat
* to shatter; to fragment; to shred
    碎紙機／碎纸机 ― suìzhǐjī ― paper shredder
* talkative
    閒言碎語／闲言碎语 ― xiányánsuìyǔ ― gossip
    碎嘴子 ― suìzuǐzi ― talkative
* a surname, Sui

#### Synonyms

* (fragmented): 零星 (língxīng)

### Compounds

* 凌遲碎剮 / 凌迟碎剐
* 切碎 (qiēsuì)
* 嘴碎 (zuǐsuì)
* 壓碎 / 压碎 (yāsuì)
* 寧當玉碎 / 宁当玉碎
* 心寒膽碎 / 心寒胆碎
* 心碎 (xīnsuì)
* 心膽俱碎 / 心胆俱碎
* 手零腳碎 / 手零脚碎
* 打碎 (dǎsuì)
* 掰開揉碎 / 掰开揉碎
* 搗碎 / 捣碎 (dǎosuì)
* 摜碎 / 掼碎
* 摧身碎首
* 擊碎唾壺 / 击碎唾壶
* 攪碎機 / 搅碎机
* 支離破碎 / 支离破碎 (zhīlípòsuì)
* 敲碎
* 殞身碎首 / 殒身碎首
* 煩言碎語 / 烦言碎语
* 煩言碎辭 / 烦言碎辞
* 片鱗碎甲 / 片鳞碎甲
* 玉石俱碎
* 玉碎 (yùsuì)
* 玉碎珠沉
* 玉碎花銷 / 玉碎花销
* 玉碎香殘 / 玉碎香残
* 玉碎香消
* 珠殘玉碎 / 珠残玉碎
* 珠沉玉碎
* 珠沉璧碎
* 瑣碎 / 琐碎 (suǒsuì)
* 破碎 (pòsuì)
* 破碎家庭
* 破碎帶 / 破碎带
* 破碎支離 / 破碎支离
* 碎修兒 / 碎修儿
* 碎催
* 碎務 / 碎务
* 碎嘴子
* 碎嘴碎舌
* 碎塊 / 碎块
* 碎妝 / 碎妆
* 碎密
* 碎小
* 碎屍萬段 / 碎尸万段 (suìshīwànduàn)
* 碎屑 (suìxiè)
* 碎末 (suìmò)
* 碎步
* 碎步兒 / 碎步儿
* 碎片 (suìpiàn)
* 碎玉 (suìyù)
* 碎瓊亂玉 / 碎琼乱玉
* 碎瓷
* 碎石 (suìshí)
* 碎紛紛 / 碎纷纷
* 碎聒
* 碎肉 (suìròu)
* 碎花
* 碎裂 (suìliè)
* 碎身粉骨
* 碎金 (suìjīn)
* 碎首糜軀 / 碎首糜躯
* 碎骨粉身
* 粉碎 (fěnsuì)
* 粉身碎骨 (fěnshēn-suìgǔ)
* 粉零麻碎
* 粉骨碎身 (fěngǔsuìshēn)
* 糜軀碎首 / 糜躯碎首
* 細碎 / 细碎 (xìsuì)
* 絞碎 / 绞碎
* 苛碎
* 閒言碎語 / 闲言碎语
* 阿郎雜碎 / 阿郎杂碎
* 雜碎 / 杂碎 (zásuì)
* 雞零狗碎 / 鸡零狗碎
* 零七八碎
* 零打碎敲
* 零敲碎打
* 零碎 (língsuì)
* 零零碎碎
* 顛撲不碎 / 颠扑不碎
* 香消玉碎
* 骨碎補 / 骨碎补 (gǔsuìbǔ)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 砕 |
| Kyūjitai | 碎 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 砕)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: さい (sai)
* Kan-on: さい (sai)
* Kun: くだく (kudaku, 碎く)、くだける (kudakeru, 碎ける)、はたく (hataku, 碎く)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 碎 (MC swojH).

### Hanja

碎 (eumhun 부술 쇄 (busul swae))
* hanja form of 쇄 (“shred”)

#### Compounds

* 분쇄 (粉碎, bunswae, “shattering”)
* 쇄빙선 (碎氷船, swaebingseon, “icebreaker”)
* 파쇄 (破碎, paswae, “crushing”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

碎: Hán Việt readings: toái
碎: Nôm readings: tôi, tui, toái, thỏi, tỏa/toả, tủi

#### Noun

碎 • (tôi)
* (archaic, historical) slave; domestic servant

#### Pronoun

碎 • (tôi)
* (formal in all dialects) I/me (used in formal contexts, regardless of the difference in status between the speakers)

### Notes

This character is also used for the alternative pronunciation, tui