# droch-
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish droch (“bad”), from Proto-Celtic *drukos. Cognates include Welsh drwg, Breton drog, Scottish Gaelic droch.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /d̪ˠɾˠʌh/
* (Connacht) IPA: /d̪ˠɾˠɔx/
* (Ulster) IPA: /d̪ˠɾˠʌx/

### Prefix

droch-
* bad
* ill-, mal-

#### Usage notes

* In Irish, this affix acts both as an adjectival prefix (creating adjectives) and as an adjectival (modifying nouns). It lenites the word to which it attaches:
   * ‎droch- + ‎duine (“person”) → ‎drochdhuine (“bad person”)
   * ‎droch- + ‎focal (“word”) → ‎drochfhocal (“bad word”)
    It is written without a hyphen except for words beginning with ch:
   * ‎droch- + ‎croí (“heart”) → ‎droch-chroí (“weak heart; evil disposition, ill will”)
   * ‎droch- + ‎cumann (“friendship, love; companionship, company”) → ‎droch-chumann (“bad companionship, evil association, illicit love”)

#### Synonyms

* dona
* olc

#### Antonyms

* deas
* maith

#### Derived terms

* droch-aiste
* droch-araí
* droch-araíonach
* droch-chaidreamh
* droch-chaint
* droch-cheann
* droch-chiall
* droch-chlú
* droch-chóir
* droch-chomaoin
* droch-chor
* droch-chríoch
* droch-chroíoch
* droch-chumann
* droch-chur
* drochadhaint
* drochaicíd
* drochaigeanta
* drochaighneas
* drochaigne
* drochaimsir
* drochainm
* drochainte
* drochairleacán
* drochairteagal
* drocháisc
* drocháise
* drocháiseach
* drochamharc
* drochanáil
* drochbhail
* drochbharúil
* drochbhéal
* drochbheart
* drochbheartach
* drochbheatha
* drochbheathach
* drochbhirt
* drochbhlas
* drochbhláth
* drochbhraon
* drochbhreith
* drochdhaoine
* drochdhathach
* drochdheireadh
* drochdheoir
* drochdhóigh
* drochéadáil
* drocheagar
* drochearra
* drochéasc
* drochfhadú
* drochfháisc
* drochfhéachaint
* drochfhéasóg
* drochfhiach
* drochfhuadar
* drochfhuil
* drochgháir
* drochghléas
* drochghnáthú
* drochghnó
* drochghnóthach
* drochghnúiseach
* drochghoilíoch
* drochghotha
* drochghuí
* drochíde
* drochimeacht
* drochintinn
* drochintinneach
* drochiompar
* drochiompú
* drochiontaobhach
* drochiontaoibh
* drochlabhartha
* drochlámh
* drochleagan
* drochmhaitheas
* drochmheasúil
* drochmhéin
* drochmhianach
* drochmhisneach
* drochmhuinín
* drochnéal
* drochobair
* drochoiliúint
* drochoineach
* drochphláinéad
* drochráiteach
* drochrath
* drochríd
* drochruaig
* drochrud
* drochrún
* drochruthag
* drochruthagach
* drochscéal
* drochscéala
* drochscéalaí
* drochscéimh
* drochshá
* drochshampla
* drochshaol
* drochsheans
* drochsheasamh
* drochsheoladh
* drochshláinteach
* drochspéir
* drochstiúir
* drochta
* drochthallann
* drochthátal
* drochtheagmhálaí
* drochtheanga
* drochtheist
* drochthiompar
* drochthréith
* drochthreo
* drochthuairisc
* drochthuar
* drochuair

#### See also

* do-
* mí-
* ró-

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 droch”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 242, page 122
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 70

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “droch-”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN