# amal
## Afar
### Etymology

From Arabic أَمَل (ʔamal).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈamal/ [ˈʔʌmʌl], /aˈmal/ [ʔʌˈmʌl]
* Hyphenation: a‧mal

### Noun

ámal or amál m
* hope

#### Declension

absolutive
ámal
predicative
ámala
subjective
ámal
genitive
ámal
Postpositioned forms
l-case
ámalal
k-case
ámalak
t-case
ámalat
h-case
ámalah :
absolutive
amál
predicative
amála
subjective
amál
genitive
amál
Postpositioned forms
l-case
amálal
k-case
amálak
t-case
amálat
h-case
amálah :

### References

* Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), pages 51, 80

## Azerbaijani
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɑˈmɑɫ]
* Hyphenation: a‧mal
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

From Arabic أَمَل (ʔamal).

#### Noun

amal (definite accusative amalı, plural amallar)
* idea
    Synonym: ideya
* dream, desire, hope
    Synonyms: arzu, ümid, dilək
* high goal, high purpose
    Synonyms: qayə, məqsəd

### Etymology 2

From Arabic أَعْمَال (ʔaʕmāl), plural of عَمَل (ʕamal).

#### Noun

amal (definite accusative amalı, plural amallar)
* work, action, deed
    Synonyms: hərəkət, iş, əməl

### Further reading

* “amal” in Obastan.com.

## Cornish
### Noun

amal m (plural emlow)
* border, edge, margin, verge, side, periphery

#### Derived terms

* amal arghans silver lining
* amal fordh roadside

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.mal/

### Noun

amal m (uncountable)
* Amal (language)

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈa.mal]
* Rhymes: -mal, -al, -l
* Hyphenation: amal

### Etymology 1

From Malay amal, from Classical Malay عمل (amal), from Arabic عَمَل (ʕamal, “work, action, deed”).

#### Noun

amal (plural amal-amal)
* deed.
    Synonym: perbuatan
* charity.
    Synonyms: bantuan, derma, donasi, infak, pertolongan, sedekah, sokongan, subsidi, sumbangan

##### Derived terms

* amalan
* beramal
* diamalkan
* mengamalkan
* pengamal
* pengamalan
* amal ibadah
* amal jariah
* amal saleh

##### Related terms

* amali

#### Adjective

amal
* (Can we verify this sense?) able as a shaman to summon something when needed.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Bahau [Term?].

#### Noun

amal (plural amal-amal)
* (cooking) meat floss
    Hypernym: abon

### References

* ↑ Erwina Burhanuddin, Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan, R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian]‎, Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC

### Further reading

* “amal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Irish
### Noun

amal m (genitive singular amail, nominative plural amail)
* Alternative form of gamal (“gomeral, lout, simpleton, fool”)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
amal
amail
vocative
a amail
a amala
genitive
amail
amal
dative
amal
amail
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an t-amal
na hamail
genitive
an amail
na n-amal
dative
leis an amal don amal
leis na hamail :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “amal”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Old Irish
### Alternative forms

* amail

### Etymology

From unstressed form of samail.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈaβ̃al]

### Conjunction

amal (followed by indirect relative)
* as, like
* as if, as though
* when, while
For quotations using this term, see Citations:amal.

#### Descendants

* Irish: amhail

### Preposition

amal (lenites) [with accusative]
* as, like
For quotations using this term, see Citations:amal.

#### Derived terms

* -amail
* amal ṡodin

#### Descendants

* Irish: amhail

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “amail, amal”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, §§ 168, 178, 826; reprinted 2017

## Romani
### Etymology

Borrowed from Pashto [script needed] (mal). Compare Ossetian ӕмбал (æmbal).

### Noun

amal m (accusative amales, nominative plural amala, accusative plural amalen)
* friend

### References

* 1 2 Boretzky, Norbert, Igla, Birgit (1994) “amál”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 5ab
* ↑ Marcel Courthiade (2009) “o amal, -es ʒ. [sic] -a, -en”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (overall work in Hungarian and English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 59a

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آمال (amal), Arabic آمَال (ʔāmāl).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aː.mal/

### Noun

amal
* plural of emel

## Turkmen
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَمَل (ʕamal).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

amal (definite accusative amaly, plural amallar)
* action

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “amal” in Enedilim.com
* “amal” in Webonary.org