# 橐

| 橐 | U+6A50, &#27216; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A50 |
| ← 橏 [U+6A4F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 橑 → [U+6A51] |

## Translingual
### Han character

橐 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 十月一口木 (JBMRD), four-corner 4090$_4$, composition ⿳𰀉冖䂞)

#### Derived characters

* 𢸨, 𣟄, 𧔬, 𩟰, 𩧐(𬴎), 𥩀, 𮕛

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 553, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15533
* Dae Jaweon: page 941, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1289, character 5
* Unihan data for U+6A50

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 橐 :
| Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Qin slip script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 柘 | *tjaɡs |
| 妬 | *taːɡs |
| 蠹 | *taːɡs |
| 沰 | *taːɡ, *tʰaːɡ |
| 拓 | *tʰaːɡ, *tjaɡ |
| 橐 | *tʰaːɡ |
| 袥 | *tʰaːɡ |
| 驝 | *tʰaːɡ, *raːɡ |
| 斫 | *tjaɡ |
| 磭 | *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ |
| 磔 | *rtaːɡ |
| 跖 | *tjaɡ |
| 石 | *djaɡ |
| 碩 | *djaɡ |
| 祏 | *djaɡ |
| 鉐 | *djaɡ |
| 鼫 | *djaɡ |
In oracle bone script, pictogram (象形) of a bag with a bottom. Compare with 𣒚, 束, 東, 囊. Now Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰaːɡ): phonetic 石 (OC *djaɡ) + semantic 𣒚 (“bag with a bottom”).

### Etymology

Note: This character is used as a substitute for Min Nan lok/lop/lak, which may be etymologically unrelated.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tuó (tuo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tok$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lok / lop / lak
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuó
*** Wade–Giles: tʻo$^2$
*** Yale: twó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: two
*** Palladius: то (to)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tok$^3$
*** Yale: tok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tog$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔːk̚³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lok / lop / lak
*** Tâi-lô: lok / lop / lak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: log, lob, lag
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lɔk̚³²/, /lɔp̚³²/, /lak̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔk̚⁵/, /lɔp̚⁵/, /lak̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔk̚³²/, /lɔp̚³²/, /lak̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lɔk̚³²/, /lɔp̚³²/, /lak̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔk̚³²/, /lɔp̚³²/, /lak̚³²/
* Middle Chinese: thak
Rime :
| Character | 橐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 鐸 (103) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 他各切 |
| Baxter | thak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰɑk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰɑk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰɑk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰɑk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰɑk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tuo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tok$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰˤak/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 橐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tuó |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ thak › |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰˁak/ |
| English | sack; bellows |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 橐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11459 |
| Phonetic component | 石 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 託 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰaːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

橐
* bag

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): luò (luo$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luò
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luò
*** Wade–Giles: lo$^4$
*** Yale: lwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luoh
*** Palladius: ло (lo)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯ɔ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

橐
* camel

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dù (du$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dù
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dù
*** Wade–Giles: tu$^4$
*** Yale: dù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duh
*** Palladius: ду (du)
*** Sinological IPA : /tu⁵¹/

#### Definitions

橐
* (historical dictionaries only) A place name.

### Compounds

* 出橐
* 囊橐
* 囊橐豐盈 / 囊橐丰盈
* 垂橐
* 持橐簪筆 / 持橐簪笔
* 槃橐城
* 橐橐
* 橐筆 / 橐笔
* 橐籥
* 橐駝 / 橐驼 (tuótuó)
* 繯橐 / 缳橐

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* sack
* bag opening at both ends

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): たく (taku)、しゃ (sha)
* Kun: ふくろ (fukuro)、ふいご (fuigo)

## Korean
### Hanja

橐 (eum 탁 (tak))
* a sack
* a bag opening at both ends

## Vietnamese
### Han character

橐: Hán Nôm readings: thác
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation