# con-
## English
### Alternative forms

* com-

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle English con-, from Latin con-, from cum (“with”).

#### Prefix

con-
* Unite: to unite into a collection indicated by the root word.
    concorporate is united into a single body, conglobulate is to collect together into a globule, conglutination is to glue together into a glutination
* Together: the root is done together.
    conarticular is that articulates together, conjubilant is rejoicing together, consubsistence is subsistence together
* Having commonality, having the same property indicated by the root.
    confocal is having the same foci, consimilar is having similarities in common, conterminant is having the same termination
** Belonging to the same group indicated by the root.
    confamilial is belonging to the same taxonomic family, contypic is relating to the same type, conspecific is relating to the same species
** Synchronous or simultaneous with the root.
    connascent is born together, concreate is to create at the same time, congeneration is simultaneous generation (as of heat and light from the same action)
** A fellow kind of the root.
    concitizen is a fellow citizen, condisciple is a fellow disciple, concelebrant is one who concelebrates
* To do the root.
    convivify is to gain eternal life, confix is to make firm, constrict is to limit or restrict
** Intensifying the root.
    congenial is very genial, connatural is inherent (very natural), convicinity is immediate vicinity (very close)
* Indicating a common origin:
** Found with. What is found with the root.
    consalazinic acid is a lichen acid found together with salazinic acid, conphaseolin is a protein found with phaseolin, connegative is a verb form used with a negative verb in certain languages
** From, coming from the root.
    consequence as what comes from the sequence, convicine is a glycoside coming from vicine, connatal is an anomaly present at birth
* When one entity is put into another, or one entity affects the other.
    conplastic is produced by introducing the genetic material from one strain into the cytoplasm of another; contour is a speech sound which behaves as a single segment, but which makes an internal transition from one quality, place, or manner to another; converb is a verb with a stressed, separable prefix
* Mutuality, indicating a reciprocal relationship or influence
    confraternization is mutual fraternization, confated is fated with something else, connascence is a relationship between two or more elements of software in which changing one necessitates changing the others in order to maintain overall correctness
* To surround or adorn with
    constrict is to coil around prey in order to asphyxiate it, constellate is to adorn with constellations
* Uniform, or made to be the same as.
    concolorate is having a uniform colour

##### Usage notes

Con- becomes
    col- before l: collaborate;
    com- before b, m, and p: combat, commit, compel;
    cor- before r: correlation;
It can also appear as co- before a vowel: coexistence, cosine.

##### Synonyms

* (together): co-, com-/col-/cor-, syn-/syl-/sym-, inter-

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

Back-formation from conlang, short for "constructed language".

#### Prefix

con-
* attached to certain words to obtain new, informal, subcultural words in which con- conveys a notion of:
** constructed, artificial
** hypothetical, fictional
** related to conlangs, conworlds, etc.

##### Derived terms

* conculture
* conlang
* conlanger
* conlanging
* conlangistan
* conpeople
* conperson
* conreligion
* con-script
* conscript
* consociety
* conworld
* concause
* concentric
* concolonial
* concurvity
* concyclic
* confocal
* congenerate
* congenetic
* congenial
* connascence
* connatural
* consignificant
* consignification
* consimilar
* consimilitude
* consubstantiate
* conterminable
* conterminant
* conterraneous
* concentre
* concorporate
* conflow
* conglobation
* conglobulate
* conglutination
* conjoin
* constellate
* consubstantiate
* contesseration
* conarticular
* concelebrate
* concelebration
* congenerate
* conjoin
* conjubilant
* conrotatory
* con-sensual
* consignificant
* consignify
* constellate
* consubsist
* contesseration
* contour
* collocal
* concorporeal
* confamilial
* confamiliar
* consanguineous
* conspecific
* consubgeneric
* consubspecific
* contypic
* convariety
* conduplicate
* confix
* constrict
* constrictor
* constuprate
* consubstantiate
* contour
* convivify
* concentre
* concreate
* confix
* congeneration
* connascence
* connascent
* con-sensual
* conjoin
* connegative
* conphaseolin
* conpsoromic acid
* consalazinic acid
* consquamatic acid
* converb
* confix
* connaturalize
* conplastic
* contour
* converb
* concelebrant
* concitizen
* condisciple
* confated
* confraternization
* connascence
* consequence
* connatal
* consequence
* convicine
* congenial
* connatural
* convicinity
* constellate
* constrict
* concolorate

### Anagrams

* CNO, NCO, NOC, OCN, ONC, onc

## Catalan
### Alternative forms

* co-, com-

### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin con-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [kun]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [kon]

### Prefix

con-
* con-

#### Derived terms
## Dutch
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin con-. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔn/
* Audio:(file)

### Prefix

con-
* con-

#### Derived terms
## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin con-, from cum (“with”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔ̃/

### Prefix

con-
* con-

#### Usage notes

Behaves as it does in English; see English usage notes.

## Gallo
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin con-, from cum (“with”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɔ̃]

### Prefix

con-
* con- (1)

#### Synonyms

* com-, qem-, qen-

## Gaulish
### Alternative forms

* co-, com-

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Celtic *kom- (“with, together”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm. Cognate with Old Irish com-, Welsh cyf-, Breton kev- or kem-.

### Prefix

con-
* Used in compounds to indicate community, participation, relation, connection
    kontowtos, Komargos, Komgenno, Kongennolitanos, Kobrunos, kondate, Kongestlos, Komeliꟈꟈos, Kowiros, Kobnertus, Komaros, etc.

## Italian
### Alternative forms

* co-, com-

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin con-, from cum (“with”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kon/
* Hyphenation: con-

### Prefix

con-
* con- (1)

## Latin
### Etymology

From the preposition cum (“with”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /kon/, [kɔn]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /kon/, [kon]

### Prefix

con-
* Used in compounds to indicate a being or bringing together of several objects
    coeō, colloquor, convīvor, etc.: colligō, compōnō, condō, etc.
* Used in compounds to indicate the completeness, perfecting of any act, and thus gives intensity to the signification of the simple word
    commaculō, commendō, concitō, comminuō, concerpō, concīdō, convellō, etc.

#### Usage notes

* Before vowels and h, the prefix becomes co-, or rarely com-. Excluded are i and u when these represent /j/ and /w/.
* Before b, m and p, the prefix may become com-.
* Before l, the prefix may become col-.
* Before r, the prefix may become cor-.
* Before n, the prefix becomes cō- (or remains con-, in Late Latin).
* Before original gn, the prefix becomes co- and gn is not reduced to n.
As usual in Latin phonology, the sequences ons and onf are pronounced with nasalised long vowels, and the vowel is written with a macron, i.e., cōnspīrō and cōnferō.

#### Derived terms
### References

* “con-”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* com-

### Etymology

Borrowed from Old French con- and Latin con-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔn-/, /kun-/

### Prefix

con-
* (non-productive) con- (with)

#### Usage notes

* This prefix frequently has reduced or no semantic force.

#### Descendants

* English: con-
* Scots: con-

### References

* “con-, cǒn-, pref.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* co-, com-

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin con-, from cum (“with”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kon/ [kõn]
* Syllabification: con-

### Prefix

con-
* with

#### Usage notes

* Before the letters b or p use the form com-. Sometimes the co- form is used instead.

#### Derived terms

* conjuntar

### Further reading

* “con-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10