# 振

| 振 | U+632F, &#25391; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-632F |
| ← 挮 [U+632E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 挰 → [U+6330] |

## Translingual
### Han character

振 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手一一女 (QMMV), four-corner 5103$_2$, composition ⿰扌辰)

#### Derived characters

* 𠺲, 𱞾, 𱧳, 𫕫, 𠺃, 䳲(𱊙)

### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 431, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12093
* Dae Jaweon: page 780, character 34
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1879, character 1
* Unihan data for U+632F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 辴 | *tʰɯl, *tʰɯnʔ, *tʰɯn |
| 屒 | *tɯnʔ, *djɯn |
| 振 | *tjɯn, *tjɯns |
| 侲 | *tjɯn, *tjɯn |
| 桭 | *tjɯn, *djɯn |
| 唇 | *tjɯn, *ɦljun |
| 帪 | *tjɯn |
| 賑 | *tjɯnʔ, *tjɯns |
| 裖 | *tjɯnʔ |
| 敐 | *tjɯnʔ, *djɯn |
| 震 | *tjɯn |
| 娠 | *tjɯns, *hljɯn |
| 蜃 | *djɯns, *djɯnʔ, *djins |
| 辰 | *djɯn |
| 晨 | *djɯn, *ɦljɯn |
| 宸 | *djɯn |
| 鷐 | *djɯn |
| 麎 | *djɯn |
| 祳 | *djɯnʔ |
| 脤 | *djɯnʔ |
| 鋠 | *djɯnʔ |
| 磭 | *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ |
| 陙 | *djun |
| 脣 | *ɦljun |
| 漘 | *ɦljun |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tjɯn, *tjɯns): semantic 手 + phonetic 辰 (OC *djɯn).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhèn (zhen$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zan$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chṳ́n
    (Hailu, HRS): zhin$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zen$^3$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tín / chín
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zing$^2$ / ding$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhèn
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^4$
*** Yale: jèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenn
*** Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zan$^3$
*** Yale: jan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzan$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zen$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐn³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́n
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziin$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zhin$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃin²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zen$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sən³¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zing$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zing$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tín
*** Tâi-lô: tín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dien
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tin⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tin⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tin⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chín
*** Tâi-lô: tsín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cien
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sin⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴¹/
* tín - vernacular;
* chín - literary.
* Middle Chinese: tsyinH
Rime :
| Character | 振 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 章刃切 |
| Baxter | tsyinH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiɪn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕin$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjen$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cin$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiĕn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭĕn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ĕn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhèn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zan$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tər-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjɯns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 振 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhèn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyin$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tər-s/ |
| English | shake |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 振 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 1366 |
| Phonetic component | 辰 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 震 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjɯns/ |

#### Definitions

振
* to wave; to shake
* to sway; to rock
* to wield; to brandish; to shake
* to brace oneself; to rise vigorously; to rise up
* to vibrate; to tremble

#### Synonyms

* (to wave): 動搖／动摇 (dòngyáo), 搖動／摇动 (yáodòng)
* (to sway):
* 搖動 / 摇动 (yáodòng)
* 搖擺 / 摇摆 (yáobǎi)
* 搖晃 / 摇晃
* 搖曳 / 摇曳 (yáoyè)
* 搖蕩 / 摇荡 (yáodàng)
* 搖顯 / 摇显 (Hokkien)
* 摵 (Hokkien)
* 擺動 / 摆动 (bǎidòng)
* 晃動 / 晃动 (huàngdòng)
* 舞動 / 舞动 (wǔdòng)
* 蕩 / 荡 (dàng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 閃 / 闪 (shǎn)
* (to wield):
* 揮動 / 挥动 (huīdòng)
* 揮舞 / 挥舞 (huīwǔ)
* 耍 (shuǎ)
* 舞 (wǔ) (literary, or in compounds)
* 舞動 / 舞动 (wǔdòng) (formal)
* (to vibrate): 抖動／抖动 (dǒudòng), 振動／振动 (zhèndòng)

#### Compounds

* 一蹶不振 (yījuébùzhèn)
* 三振 (sānzhèn)
* 三振出局 (sānzhèn chūjú)
* 不振 (bùzhèn)
* 低迷不振
* 偏振 (piānzhèn)
* 偏振光 (piānzhènguāng)
* 共振 (gòngzhèn)
* 吸振器
* 嚴振 / 严振
* 大振 (dàzhèn)
* 委靡不振
* 威振天下
* 彈冠振衣 / 弹冠振衣
* 振作 (zhènzuò)
* 振作有為 / 振作有为
* 振刷
* 振動 / 振动 (zhèndòng)
* 振古
* 振奮 / 振奋 (zhènfèn)
* 振奮人心 / 振奋人心 (zhènfènrénxīn)
* 振威
* 振幅 (zhènfú)
* 振弱除暴
* 振慴 / 振慑
* 振拔 (zhènbá)
* 振振
* 振振有辭 / 振振有辞 (zhènzhènyǒucí)
* 振揚 / 振扬
* 振救
* 振旅
* 振槁
* 振民育德
* 振玉
* 振盪 / 振荡 (zhèndàng)
* 振盪器 / 振荡器 (zhèndàngqì)
* 振窮卹貧 / 振穷卹贫
* 振窮恤寡 / 振穷恤寡
* 振筆 / 振笔
* 振策
* 振筆直書 / 振笔直书
* 振纓 / 振缨
* 振翅高飛 / 振翅高飞
* 振翮 (zhènhé)
* 振翼
* 振聾發聵 / 振聋发聩 (zhènlóngfākuì)
* 振臂 (zhènbì)
* 振臂一呼 (zhènbìyīhū)
* 振臂高呼
* 振興 / 振兴 (zhènxīng)
* 振落
* 振衣
* 振衣提領 / 振衣提领
* 振衣濯足
* 振衰起敝
* 振裘持領 / 振裘持领
* 振警愚頑 / 振警愚顽
* 振貧濟乏 / 振贫济乏
* 振起 (zhènqǐ)
* 振鐸 / 振铎
* 振領提綱 / 振领提纲
* 振鱗奮翼 / 振鳞奋翼
* 振鷺 / 振鹭
* 振鷺充庭 / 振鹭充庭
* 振鷺在庭 / 振鹭在庭
* 提振 (tízhèn)
* 援溺振渴
* 揚葩振藻 / 扬葩振藻
* 搖山振岳 / 摇山振岳
* 摛翰振藻
* 核磁共振 (hécí gòngzhèn)
* 欲振乏力
* 玉振
* 玉振金聲 / 玉振金声
* 發矇振聵 / 发蒙振聩
* 發聾振聵 / 发聋振聩
* 發蒙振落 / 发蒙振落
* 積弱不振 / 积弱不振
* 聲振林木 / 声振林木
* 萎靡不振
* 重振 (chóngzhèn)
* 重振旗鼓
* 重振雄風 / 重振雄风
* 金聲玉振 / 金声玉振
* 響振 / 响振
* 頹靡不振 / 颓靡不振
* 食慾不振 / 食欲不振 (shíyùbùzhèn)
* 龍蹙虎振 / 龙蹙虎振

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhēn (zhen$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhen
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^1$
*** Yale: jēn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jen
*** Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zan$^1$
*** Yale: jān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐn⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsyin
Rime :
| Character | 振 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 側鄰切 |
| Baxter | tsyin |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cin/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhēn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zan$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tər/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjɯn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 振 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhēn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyin › |
| Old Chinese | /*tər/ |
| English | numerous; majestic |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 振 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 1358 |
| Phonetic component | 辰 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 眞 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjɯn/ |
| Notes | 原誤側鄰切，依韻目注改 |

#### Definitions

振
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Only used in 振振 (zhēnzhēn).

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhěn (zhen$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhěn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhěn
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^3$
*** Yale: jěn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeen
*** Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

振
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 袗 (zhěn, “unlined garment”)

### References

* “振”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “振”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 307.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* swing, wield, flourish, wave, shake

#### Readings

* Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
* Kun: ふる (furu, 振る, Jōyō)、ふるう (furuu, 振るう, Jōyō)、ふれる (fureru, 振れる, Jōyō)、ふり (furi)

#### Compounds

* 振(ふり)付(つけ) (furitsuke, “choreography”)
* 振(ふ)り付(つ)け (furitsuke, “choreography”)

## Korean
### Hanja

振 • (jin) (hangeul 진, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)
* Raise, excite

## Vietnamese
### Han character

振: Hán Nôm readings: chấn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.