# 向日葵
## Chinese

* 向日葵 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 向日葵 (Classical)
* 向日葵 (Cantonese)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): xiàngrìkuí
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄖˋ ㄎㄨㄟˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xiang$^4$ ri$^2$ kui$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hoeng$^3$ jat$^6$ kwai$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hiang$^1$ ngit$^5$ kei$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hiong-ngit-khùi
    (Hailu, HRS): hiong$^ˇ$ ngid kui
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hiong$^4$ ngid$^5$ kui$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hióng-nĭh$^{→nĭ}$-*gì
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiòng-li̍t-kûi / hiàng-ji̍t-kûi / hiòng-ji̍t-kûi
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$shian-zeq-gue
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàngrìkuí → xiàngrikuí (toneless variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄖˋ ㄎㄨㄟˊ → ㄒㄧㄤˋ ˙ㄖ ㄎㄨㄟˊ (toneless variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàngri̊hkuéi
*** Wade–Giles: hsiang$^4$-jih$^5$-kʻuei$^2$
*** Yale: syàng-r-kwéi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianq.ryhkwei
*** Palladius: сянжикуй (sjanžikuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹ kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/ → /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ʐ̩¹ kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: xiang$^4$ ri$^2$ kui$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xiangrhkui
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiaŋ²¹³ zz̩²¹ kʰuei²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hoeng$^3$ jat$^6$ kwai$^4$
*** Yale: heung yaht kwàih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoeng$^3$ jat$^9$ kwai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hêng$^3$ yed$^6$ kuei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /hœːŋ³³ jɐt̚² kʷʰɐi̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hiang$^1$ ngit$^5$ kei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiaŋ³³ ᵑɡit̚³² kʰei²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiong-ngit-khùi
*** Hakka Romanization System: hiong ngid$^ˋ$ kui$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hiong$^4$ ngid$^5$ kui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /hi̯oŋ⁵⁵ ŋit̚² kʰu̯i¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: hiong$^ˇ$ ngid kui
*** Sinological IPA: /hioŋ¹¹ ŋit⁵⁻² kʰui⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hiong$^4$ ngid$^5$ kui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /hiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋit̚¹ kʰuɪ¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hióng-nĭh$^{→nĭ}$-*gì
*** Sinological IPA : /hyoŋ²¹³⁻²¹ nˡi⁵⁻⁵⁵ ki⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiòng-li̍t-kûi
*** Tâi-lô: hiòng-li̍t-kuî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiornglidkuii
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lit̚²⁴⁻² kui²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴⁻³² kui²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lit̚⁴⁻³² kui²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiàng-ji̍t-kûi
*** Tâi-lô: hiàng-ji̍t-kuî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiarngjidkuii
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiaŋ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kui¹³/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiòng-ji̍t-kûi
*** Tâi-lô: hiòng-ji̍t-kuî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiorngjidkuii
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zit̚⁴⁻³² kui²³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$shian-zeq-gue
*** MiniDict: shian$^去$ zeh gue
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$xian-zeq-gue
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiã³³ zəʔ⁵⁵ ɡue²¹/

### Noun

向日葵
* sunflower

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 向日葵, 葵花, 向陽花, 朝陽花 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 向日葵, 轉蒂蓮, 轉日蓮, 廣植蓮 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 向日葵 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 向日葵 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 毛嗑兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 毛嗑兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 向日葵, 毛嗑兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 向日葵 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 向日葵, 葵花, 大葵花, 毛子嗑兒, 毛嗑兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 向日葵 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 向日葵 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 向日葵, 葵花, 毛子嗑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 向日葵, 葵花, 向日蓮, 轉日蓮 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 向日葵 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 轉蓮 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 向日葵 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 向日葵, 爺爺轉, 轉日蓮 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 望日蓮 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 葵花 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 向日葵, 蒼陽花 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 向日葵, 朝陽花 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 轉日蓮 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 向日葵, 葵花, 轉日蓮 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 轉日蓮 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 轉日蓮, 轉家蓮 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 朝陽花, 轉悠葵兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao (Chengyang) | 轉日客 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao (Jimo) | 轉悠葵, 轉日葵 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Laixi | 轉蓮 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Pingdu | 轉蓮葵, 朝陽花兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Jiaozhou | 朝日花 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao (Jiaonan, Huangdao) | 朝陽花 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 朝陽花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 朝日葵, 向日葵, 葵花兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 向日葵 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 照照葵 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 葵花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong (Ronghe) | 轉花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 向陽葵, 葵花, 盤子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 向日葵, 葵花兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 照日葵 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 葵瓜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 向日葵 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 向日葵, 望日葵, 葵花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 葵花, 望日葵 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 轉蓮, 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 向兒葵 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 向日葵, 向陽葵, 葵花 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 葵花 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 葵花 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 向耳葵, 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 向日葵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 向日葵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 曬兒糧 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 向日葵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 向日葵, 葵花, 日頭花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 葵花, 朝陽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 向日葵, 葵花, 朝陽餅, 朝陽餅兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 西番蓮 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 向日葵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 向日葵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 向日葵, 太陽花 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 葵花, 向日葵 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 望葵 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 望葵 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 葵花 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 向日葵, 葵花, 朝花, 長花 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 向日葵, 太陽花, 葵花 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 葵花 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 向日葵 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 太陽花 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 葵花 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 葵花 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 拜東蓮 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 葵花, 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 朝月蓮 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 葵花 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 照月蓮 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 葵花子 |
| Hakka | Changting | 向東蓮 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 向東蓮 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 向東蓮 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 照日蓮 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 葵花 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 照日亮 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 向熱蓮 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 月照瓜 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 拜東蓮 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 日頭花, 葵花 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 向日葵 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 向日葵 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 葵花 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 葵花, 葵花蓮 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 絲瓜蓮, 豬肉臉 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 葵花蓮, 金桂蓮 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 葵花蓮 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 轉蓮葵兒 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 葵花 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 葵花 |
| Huizhou | Jingde | 葵花 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 葵花 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 朝陽花 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Jin | Datong | 葵花 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 葵花花 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 向日葵, 葵花, 碗背 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 葵花, 望月花 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 朝陽花 |
| Jin | Linhe | 葵花, 朝陽陽 |
| Jin | Jining | 葵花, 葵花籽兒, 朝陽陽 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 向日葵, 朝陽陽, 葵花 |
| Jin | Baotou | 葵花籽兒, 朝陽陽 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 葵花, 陽籽花 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 葵花 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 日頭花 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 朝陽話 |
| Jin | Handan | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 轉子蓮 |
| Jin | Suide | 向日葵 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 日頭陽 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 日頭貢 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 日頭蓮 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 日頭花 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 瓜仔盤 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 日頭葵 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 日頭花 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 日頭花 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 向日葵, 葵花 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 葵花, 向日葵 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 向日葵 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 向日葵 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 向日葵 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 日頭花 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 日頭花 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 日頭花 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 日頭花 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 太陽花 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 太陽花 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 日頭花 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 太陽花 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 太陽花 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 葵花 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 葵花 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 日頭花 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 向日葵 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 向日葵 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 向日葵 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 朝陽花 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 向日葵 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 朝日頭花 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 向日葵 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 向日葵 |
| Wu | Danyang | 葵花 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 葵花 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 朝日頭花, 向日葵 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 太陽佛花 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 朝日葵 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 葵花 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 向陽花 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 望立莧 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 望日蓮 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 葵花子 |

#### Derived terms

* 向日葵子 (xiàngrìkuízǐ)
* 向日葵油 (xiàngrìkuíyóu)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 向 | 日 | 葵 |
| ひまわり |||
| Grade: 3 | Grade: 1 | Jinmeiyō |
| jukujikun |||
* Alternative spelling
* 日回り

### Etymology

From 日 (hi, “sun”) +‎ 回り (mawari, “rotation”). The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 向日葵 (xiàngrìkuí).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひまわり [hìmáꜜwàrì] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [çima̠β̞a̠ɾʲi]

### Noun

向日葵(ひまわり) or 向日葵(ヒマワリ) • (himawari)
* a sunflower, Helianthus annuus

#### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヒマワリ.

#### Derived terms

* 水向日葵(ミズヒマワリ) (mizuhimawari)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN