# muto
## Aragonese
### Alternative forms

* muito
* molto

### Etymology

From Navarro-Aragonese muito, from Latin multus (“much; many”), from the Proto-Indo-European *ml̥tos (“crumbled, crumpled”, past passive participle). Compare Polish muito, Italian molto, Catalan molt, and Spanish mucho.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmuto/
* Rhymes: -uto
* Syllabification: mu‧to

### Determiner

muto
* much; many; a lot of; lots of
    Tiengo mutas cosas pa ferI have many things to do.
    Ha pleviu muta augua.It rained a lot.
* too much; too many (an excessive amount of)
    Synonyms: masa, masiau, demasiau
    No m'agrada estar aquí. i hai muta chent.I don’t like it here. There are too many people.

### Pronoun

muto
* much; many; a lot; lots
    Bella ye buena, mutas no en son.Some are good, many aren't.
* too much; too many
    Si deixasem mutas ubiertas, podríam tener problemas.If too many are left open, we could have some problems.

### Adverb

muto
* very; a lot; very much (to a great extent or degree)
    Synonyms: arrienda, buena cosa, buen tallo, a-saber-lo
    Me fas muto goyo.I like you very much.

### Further reading

* Diccionario ortografico de l'aragonés (Seguntes la PO de l'EFA)

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈmu.tu]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈmu.to]

### Verb

muto
* first-person singular present indicative of mutar

## Galician
### Verb

muto
* first-person singular present indicative of mutar

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmu.to/
* Rhymes: -uto
* Hyphenation: mù‧to

### Etymology 1

From Latin mūtus.

#### Adjective

muto (feminine muta, masculine plural muti, feminine plural mute)
* mute, voiceless
** speechless
** silent
* (linguistics, of a letter) unpronounced
* (phonetics, of a consonant) classified as an obstruent (speech sound requiring tight restriction of airflow)

#### Interjection

muto
* (possibly regional) shut up!

##### Derived terms

* ammutire
* mutamente

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

muto
* first-person singular present indicative of mutare

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈmuː.toː/, [ˈmuːt̪oː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈmu.to/, [ˈmuːt̪o]

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to exchange”).

#### Verb

mūtō (present infinitive mūtāre, perfect active mūtāvī, supine mūtātum); first conjugation
* to move, remove
    Synonym: moveo
    in melius mutare ― to change to a better condition, improve
* to alter, change, modify, transform
    Synonyms: commūtō, versō, vertō, cōnferō
    mutatis mutandis ― the necessary changes having been made
* to vary, diversify
* to mutate, spoil
* to exchange, barter, sell
    Synonyms: commūtō, reparō
* to forsake, abandon, leave
    Synonyms: dēserō, relinquō, omittō, dēdō, dēcēdō, dēstituō, dēficiō, oblīvīscor, concēdō, cēdō, dissimulō, trādō, trānsmittō, addīcō, praetereō, neglegō, pōnō, reddō, remittō, permittō, tribuō, dēferō, trānsferō

##### Conjugation

$^1$The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested. $^2$At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

##### Derived terms

* commūtō
* dēmūtō
* ēmūtō
* immūtō
* mūtābilis
* mūtātiō
* mūtātus
* mūtuus
* permūtō
* submūtō
* trānsmūtō

##### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: mut, mutari
** Megleno-Romanian: mut, mutari
** Romanian: muta, mutare
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Dalmatian: moitur
** Corsican: mutà
** Italian: mutare
** Sicilian: mutari
** Venetan: mudar, muar
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: mudâ
** Ladin: muder
** Romansch: midar, müdar
* Gallo-Romance:
** Oïl:
*** Old French: muer
**** → English: mew
**** French: muer
** Oc:
*** Catalan: mudar
*** Occitan: mudar
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: mudar
** Old Galician-Portuguese: mudar
*** Galician: mudar
*** Portuguese: mudar
** Spanish: mudar
Borrowings:
* → Asturian: mutar
* → Catalan: mutar
* → English: mutate, mute
* → French: muter
* → Galician: mutar
* → Old English: bemutian, *mutian
** Middle English: mouten
*** English: moult
* → Portuguese: mutar
* → Proto-Brythonic: *mʉdad
** Middle Welsh: mudaw
*** Welsh: mudo
* → Spanish: mutar

### Etymology 2

Compare Old Irish moth (“male organ”). Weiss 1996 proposes a derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *mewH- (“to be abundant, reproductively powerful”), with Ancient Greek μῡρῐ́ος (mūrĭ́os) as a cognate.

#### Alternative forms

* muttō

#### Noun

mūtō m (genitive mūtōnis); third declension
* (vulgar slang, anatomy) penis
** 65 BCE – 8 BCE, Horace, Satires 1.2.68:Huic si mūtōnis verbīs mala tanta videntī dīceret haec animus ‘quid vīs tibi? numquid ego ā tē magnō prognātum dēpōscō cōnsule cunnum vēlātumque stolā, mea cum conferbuit īra?'What if, in the words of his penis, his mind were to say to the man when he sees such troubles: 'What exactly do you want? Do I ever demand a cunt descended from a famous consul or veiled in a fancy gown when my passion grows hot?'

##### Declension

Third-declension noun.

##### Derived terms

* mutōnium, mutūnium

### References

* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 715
* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “mutate”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “mūtō / muttō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 398
* ↑ Weiss, Michael (1996) “Greek μυρίος 'countless', Hittite mūri- 'bunch (of fruit)'”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics‎, volume 109, number 2, page 208

### Further reading

* “muto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “muto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "muto", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* muto in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
* muto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to keep one's countenance, remain impassive: vultum non mutare to alter one's views, intentions: consilium, sententiam mutare to go into mourning: vestem mutare (opp. ad vestitum suum redire) (Planc. 12. 29) to change one's clothes (and shoes): vestimenta (et calceos) mutare to naturalise oneself as a citizen of another country: civitatem mutare (Balb. 11. 27) to leave one's country (only used of exiles): solum vertere, mutare (Caecin. 34. 100) to change one's tactics: rationem belli gerendi mutare (Liv. 32. 31)
* “muto”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

## Macanese
### Alternative forms

* muito

### Etymology

From Portuguese muito.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmu(j).tu/

### Adverb

muto
* very; a lot; very much
    Synonym: ui-di
    muto tánto ― very much, a great many
    iou muto susto ― I am very scared
    Iou muto querê pa vôs ― I love you very much

### References

* https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm

## Portuguese
### Verb

muto
* first-person singular present indicative of mutar

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmuto/ [ˈmu.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -uto
* Syllabification: mu‧to

### Verb

muto
* first-person singular present indicative of mutar