# गो
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɡoː/

### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गो (gó). Doublet of गाय (gāy).

#### Noun

गो • (go) m
* cow; ox

##### Synonyms

* गाय (gāy)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English go, from the Japanese character 碁 (go), shorthand for Japanese 囲碁 (igo), adopted from the Chinese character 圍棋 / 围棋 (wéiqí).

#### Proper noun

गो • (go) m
* (board games) Go

##### Declension
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* go (Latin script)
* 𑀕𑁄 (Brahmi script)
* গো (Bengali script)
* ගො (Sinhalese script)
* ဂေါ or ၷေႃ (Burmese script)
* โค (Thai script)
* ᨣᩮᩤ (Tai Tham script)
* ໂຄ (Lao script)
* គោ (Khmer script)
* 𑄉𑄮 (Chakma script)

### Noun

गो m or f
* Devanagari script form of go (“cow, ox, bull”)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* गव् (gav)

### Alternative scripts

* গো (Assamese script)
* ᬕᭀ (Balinese script)
* গো (Bengali script)
* 𑰐𑰺 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀕𑁄 (Brahmi script)
* ဂေါ (Burmese script)
* ગો (Gujarati script)
* ਗੋ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌗𑍋 (Grantha script)
* ꦒꦺꦴ (Javanese script)
* 𑂏𑂷 (Kaithi script)
* ಗೋ (Kannada script)
* គោ (Khmer script)
* ໂຄ (Lao script)
* ഗോ (Malayalam script)
* ᡤᠣ (Manchu script)
* 𑘐𑘻 (Modi script)
* ᠺᠣᠸᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦰𑧜 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐐𑑀 (Newa script)
* ଗୋ (Odia script)
* ꢔꣂ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆓𑆾 (Sharada script)
* 𑖐𑖺 (Siddham script)
* ගො (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩞𑩕 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚌𑚴 (Takri script)
* கே³ா (Tamil script)
* గో (Telugu script)
* โค (Thai script)
* གོ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒑𑒼 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨍𑨆 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊 (gao), Ancient Greek βοῦς (boûs), Latin bōs, Old English cū (whence English cow).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɡɐ́w/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɡoː/

### Noun

गो • (gó) stem, f or m
* a cow
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.28.1:आ गावो॑ अग्मन्नु॒त भ॒द्रम॑क्र॒न्त्सीद॑न्तु गो॒ष्ठे र॒णय॑न्त्व॒स्मे। प्र॒जाव॑तीः पुरु॒रूपा॑ इ॒ह स्यु॒रिन्द्रा॑य पू॒र्वीरु॒षसो॒ दुहा॑नाः॥ā́ gā́vo agmannutá bhadrámakrantsī́dantu goṣṭhé raṇáyantvasmé. prajā́vatīḥ pururū́pā ihá syuríndrāya pūrvī́ruṣáso dúhānāḥ.The cows have come and brought good fortune: let them rest in the cow-pen and be happy near us. Here let them stay prolific, many-coloured, and yield their milk for Indra through many mornings.
* an ox
* (in the plural) cattle, kine, herd of cattle
* (usually in the plural) anything coming from or belonging to an ox or cow, milk, flesh, skin, hide, leather, strap of leather, bow-string, sinew
* (poetic, in the plural) "the herds of the sky", the stars
* the sign Taurus

#### Derived terms

* गोकुल (gokula)
* गोक्षीर (gokṣīra)
* गोचर (gocara)
* गोतम (gotama)
* गोत्र (gotra)
* गोदान (godāna)
* गोदावरी (godāvarī)
* गोपाल (gopāla)
* गोमिन् (gomin)
* गोरूप (gorūpa)
* गोलोक (goloka)
* गोवर्धन (govardhana)
* गोविन्द (govinda)
* गोस्वामिन् (gosvāmin)
* गो॒घ्न (goghná)

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Kamkata-viri: gō
** Kashmiri: گاو (gāv)
** Tirahi: gọ̈̄
** Torwali: گو (gō)
** Phalura: گو (gū)
** Pashayi:
*** Northeast Pashayi: gō
*** Southeast Pashayi: gā
** Shina: گو (gū)
* Magadhi Prakrit:
** Assamese: গাই (gai)
** Bengali: গাই (gai)
* Marathi: गाय (gāy)
* Nepali: गाई (gāī)
* Paisaci Prakrit:
** Punjabi:
*** Punjabi: ਗਾਂ (gā̃), Punjabi: ਗਾਈਂ (gāī̃)
*** Shahmukhi script: گاں (gāṉ), Shahmukhi script: گائں (gā'iṉ)
* Pali: go, gāva
** → Khmer: គោ (koo)
** → Thai: โค (koo)
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀈 (gāī)
** Gujarati:
*** Gujarati script: ગાય (gāya)
*** Lisan ud-Dawat Gujarati: گایہ (gāya)
** Hindi: गाय (gāy), गो (go)
** Urdu: گائے (gāe)
* Sinhalese: ගව (gawa)
* → Hindi: गौ (gau)
* → Telugu: గోవు (gōvu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “गो”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 363, column 3.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 478-80; 496