OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# colectivo
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Spanish colectivo. In reference to shared taxis, clipping of taxi colectivo. Doublet of collective.

### Noun

colectivo (plural colectivos)
* A kind of bus or shared taxi in South America.
* (politics) A militant leftist group in Venezuela.

## Galician
### Adjective

colectivo (feminine colectiva, masculine plural colectivos, feminine plural colectivas)
* collective

### Noun

colectivo m (plural colectivos)
* collective, group, association, union, guild

#### Derived terms

* colectivizar
* colectivización
* colectivismo
* colectivístico
* colectividade

#### Related terms

* colecta
* colectar

## Portuguese
### Adjective

colectivo (feminine colectiva, masculine plural colectivos, feminine plural colectivas)
* (European Portuguese spelling) Pre-reform spelling (used until 1990) of coletivo. Still used in countries where the agreement hasn't come into effect; may occur as a sporadic misspelling.

### Noun

colectivo m (plural colectivos)
* (European Portuguese spelling) Pre-reform spelling (used until 1990) of coletivo. Still used in countries where the agreement hasn't come into effect; may occur as a sporadic misspelling.

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koleɡˈtibo/ [ko.leɣ̞ˈt̪i.β̞o]
* Rhymes: -ibo
* Syllabification: co‧lec‧ti‧vo

### Adjective

colectivo (feminine colectiva, masculine plural colectivos, feminine plural colectivas)
* collective

### Noun

colectivo m (plural colectivos)
* collective, group, association, union, guild
* (Argentina, Peru) bus
    Synonyms: ómnibus, micro
* (Latin America) Ellipsis of taxi colectivo, shared taxi, colectivo.

#### Derived terms

* colectividad
* colectivismo
* colectivístico
* colectivización
* colectivizar
* convención colectiva de trabajo
* inconsciente colectivo
* negociación colectiva
* nombre colectivo
* Organización del Tratado de Seguridad Colectiva
* sustantivo concreto
* taxi colectivo

#### Related terms

* colecta
* colectar

#### Descendants

* → English: colectivo
* → Tagalog: kolektibo

#### See also

* guagua
* pesero

### Further reading

* “colectivo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ᮒᮥᮃᮀ
## Sundanese
### Verb

ᮒᮥᮃᮀ • (tuang)
* Sundanese spelling of tuang‎
# pornos
## English
### Noun

pornos
* plural of porno

### Anagrams

* Porson, Sopron, ponors

## Estonian
### Noun

pornos
* inessive singular of porno

## French
### Noun

pornos m pl
* plural of porno

## Polish
### Etymology

Clipping of porno + -os.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɔr.nɔs/
* Rhymes: -ɔrnɔs
* Syllabification: por‧nos

### Noun

pornos m animal
* (colloquial) pornographic movie
    Synonyms: pornol, pornus

#### Declension
### Further reading

* pornos in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pornos in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Noun

pornos
* plural of porno

## Spanish
### Noun

pornos m pl or f pl
* plural of porno
# unaided
## English
### Etymology

From un- +‎ aided.

### Adjective

unaided (not comparable)
* Without the help, aid or assistance of someone or something.
    Fleas are difficult to see with the unaided eye.
** 1891, Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, volume 1, London: James R. Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., page 25:So much for Norman blood unaided by Victorian lucre.
** 1954 August, J. B. Snell, “The New Zealand Government Railways—2”, in Railway Magazine, page 561:Superheating, first introduced with the "Abs", stopped further development in compounding, in New Zealand as elsewhere, and the "Abs" succeeded in dealing with the growing traffic unaided for more than a decade.

#### Derived terms

* unaided awareness
# օգնականություն
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian օգնականութիւն (ōgnakanutʻiwn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /okʰnɑkɑnuˈtʰjun/, [okʰnɑkɑnut͡sʰjún]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /oknɑɡɑnuˈtʏn/, [okʰnɑɡɑnutʰʏ́n]

### Noun

օգնականություն • (ōgnakanutʻyun) (traditional orthography spelling օգնականութիւն)
* Alternative form of օգնություն (ōgnutʻyun)

#### Declension

*colloquial **dated
# द्रायति
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* দ্ৰায়তি (Assamese script)
* ᬤ᭄ᬭᬵᬬᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
* দ্রায়তি (Bengali script)
* 𑰟𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰧𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀤𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀬𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
* ဒြာယတိ (Burmese script)
* દ્રાયતિ (Gujarati script)
* ਦ੍ਰਾਯਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌦𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌯𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
* ꦢꦿꦴꦪꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
* 𑂠𑂹𑂩𑂰𑂨𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
* ದ್ರಾಯತಿ (Kannada script)
* ទ្រាយតិ (Khmer script)
* ທ຺ຣາຍຕິ (Lao script)
* ദ്രായതി (Malayalam script)
* ᡩᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠶᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
* 𑘟𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘧𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
* ᢑᠷᠠᢗᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦿𑧠𑧈𑧑𑧇𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐡𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐫𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
* ଦ୍ରାଯତି (Odia script)
* ꢣ꣄ꢬꢵꢫꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆢𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆪𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
* 𑖟𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖧𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
* ද්‍රායති (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩭 𑪙𑩼𑩛𑩻𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚛𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚣𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
* த்³ராயதி (Tamil script)
* ద్రాయతి (Telugu script)
* ทฺรายติ (Thai script)
* དྲཱ་ཡ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
* 𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒨𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨛𑩇𑨫𑨊𑨪𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From द्रा (drā) +‎ -यति (-yati).
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *drā́yati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *drā́yati, from Proto-Indo-European *drem-. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic дрѣмати (drěmati), Ancient Greek δαρθάνω (darthánō), Latin dormiō. More details at Proto-Indo-Iranian *HnidráH.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /dɾɑ́ː.jɐ.ti/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈd̪ɾɑː.jɐ.t̪i/

### Verb

द्रायति • (drā́yati) third-singular indicative (class 4, type P, present, root द्रा)
* to sleep
    Synonyms: स्वपिति (svapiti), निद्राति (nidrāti), शेते (śete)

#### Conjugation
### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “द्रायति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 502/3.
# Sklave
## German
### Alternative forms

* Sclave, Sklav, Slav, Slave, Slaf, Slafe, Schlav, Schlave, Schlaff, Schlaffe (obsolete)

### Etymology

15th-century relatinisation of Middle High German slave, sklafe, from Medieval Latin sclavus, from Late Latin Sclavus, from Byzantine Greek Σκλάβος (Sklábos); see that Greek entry and slave for more. Doublet of Slawe and ciao.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsklaːvə/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aːvə

### Noun

Sklave m (weak, genitive Sklaven, plural Sklaven, feminine Sklavin)
* slave

#### Derived terms

* Arbeitssklave
* Galeerensklave
* Haussklave
* Kindersklave
* Landsklave
* Lohnsklave
* Negersklave
* Sexsklave
* Sklavenameise
* Sklavenarbeit
* Sklavenarbeiter
* Sklavenaufseher
* Sklavenaufstand
* Sklavenbefreiung
* Sklavenbesitzer
* Sklavenbevölkerungw
* Sklavendienst
* Sklavenerzählung
* Sklavengemeinschaft
* Sklavengesetz
* Sklavengruppe
* sklavenhaltend
* Sklavenhalter
* Sklavenhaltung
* Sklavenhandel
* Sklavenhändler
* Sklavenhaus
* Sklavenheer
* Sklavenjagd
* Sklavenjäger
* Sklavenkasse
* Sklavenkind
* Sklavenkrieg
* Sklavenküste
* Sklavenlohn
* Sklavenmarkt
* Sklavenmentalität
* Sklavenmoral
* Sklavenpaar
* Sklavenplantage
* Sklavenpopulation
* Sklavenschiff
* Sklavensiglierung
* Sklavensprache
* Sklavenstaat
* Sklavensystem
* Sklaventanz
* Sklaventhum
* Sklaventreiber
* Sklaventum
* Sklavenunterkunft
* Sklavenwirtschaft
* Sklavenzeichen
* Sklavenzeit
* Sklavenzug
* Sklaverei
* sklavisch
* Stadtsklave
* versklaven
* Versklaven
* Versklavung

#### Related terms

* Arbeitssklavin
* Galeerensklavin
* Haussklavin
* Kindersklavin
* Landsklavin
* Lohnsklavin
* Negersklavin
* Sexsklavin
* Sklavenarbeiterin
* Sklavenaufseherin
* Sklavenbesitzerin
* Sklavenhalterin
* Sklavenhalterrepublik
* Sklavenhalterstaat
* Sklavenhändlerin
* Sklavenjägerin
* Sklaventreiberin
* Stadtsklavin
* Versklavtwerden

#### Descendants

* → Danish: slave
* → Norwegian Bokmål: slave
* → Norwegian Nynorsk: slave

### See also

* Slawe, Slawin

### Further reading

* “Sklave” in Duden online
* “Sklave” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# סאונשום
## Narragansett
### Noun

סאוּנשוּם (sʾûnšûm) anim
* Hebrew script spelling of saunchum (“sachem, king”)
** 1769, Ezra Stiles, Notes on Narragansett Indian Vocabulary‎, Yale University Beinecke Library, Local record 1769.09.06.00, OID 11413743, pages 2 (24):Sachem$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$Saunchumסאוּנשוּםסָנשוּם(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Further reading

* William Cowan (1973) “Narragansett 126 years after”, in International Journal of American Linguistics, volume 39, number 1, →ISSN, page 10
# dayang
## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: da‧yang

### Noun

dayang
* brassy chub (Kyphosus vaigiensis)

## Malay
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ajaŋ

### Noun

dayang (Jawi spelling دايڠ, plural dayang-dayang, informal 1st possessive dayangku, 2nd possessive dayangmu, 3rd possessive dayangnya)
* lady-in-waiting

### Further reading

* “dayang” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Maranao
### Noun

dayang
* lady

### References

* A Maranao Dictionary, by Howard P. McKaughan and Batua A. Macaraya

## Sundanese
### Noun

dayang (Sundanese script ᮓᮚᮀ)
* (archaic) damsel, maid of honour
* (historical) title for a noble lady
* (now) prostitute, whore

#### Derived terms

* dangdayang
* ngadayang
* padayangan

### References

* “Dayang” in Jonathan Rigg, A Dictionary of the Sunda language (1862), page 103.
* Maman Sumantri, et al. (1985) Kamus Sunda-Indonesia [Sundanese-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Department of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Compare Malay dayang and Maranao dayang.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈdajaŋ/ [ˈd̪aː.jɐŋ]
* Rhymes: -ajaŋ
* Syllabification: da‧yang

#### Noun

dayang (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜌᜅ᜔)
* (historical) title of a noble lady in most of precolonial Philippines

#### See also

* datu
* Gat
* ladya
* lakan
* Panginoon
* poon
* prinsesa
* raha

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈdajaŋ/ [ˈd̪aː.jɐŋ]
* Rhymes: -ajaŋ
* Syllabification: da‧yang

#### Noun

dayang (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜌᜅ᜔)
* a kind of ruellia (Ruellia blechum)

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “possibly related to Etymology 2?”)

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /daˈjaŋ/ [d̪ɐˈjaŋ]
* Rhymes: -aŋ
* Syllabification: da‧yang

#### Noun

dayáng (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜌᜅ᜔)
* a kind of Cyathula plant (Cyathula prostrata)
# sāmin
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* sāmiya, suvāmin
* 𑀲𑀸𑀫𑀺𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* सामिन् (Devanagari script)
* সামিন্ (Bengali script)
* සාමින් (Sinhalese script)
* သာမိန် or သႃမိၼ် (Burmese script)
* สามินฺ or สามิน (Thai script)
* ᩈᩣᨾᩥᨶ᩺ (Tai Tham script)
* ສາມິນ຺ or ສາມິນ (Lao script)
* សាមិន៑ (Khmer script)
* 𑄥𑄂𑄟𑄨𑄚𑄴 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit स्वामिन् (svāmín).

### Noun

sāmin m
* owner
* master
* lord
* husband

#### Derived terms

* sāminī

#### Descendants

* → Tamil: சாமி (cāmi)
* → Khmer: សាមី (saaməy) (learned)
* → Lü: ᦉᦱᦙᦲ (ṡaamii) (learned)
* → Malay: sami (learned)
** Indonesian: sami
* → Thai: สามี (sǎa-mii) (learned); → สมี (sà-mǐi) (learned)

## Yakan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay cermin.

### Noun

sāmin
* mirror
# Bienenstock
## German
### Etymology

From Biene (“bee”) +‎ -n- +‎ Stock (“stock, store”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbiːnənˌʃtɔk/
* Hyphenation: Bie‧nen‧stock
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Bienenstock m (strong, genitive Bienenstockes or Bienenstocks, plural Bienenstöcke)
* hive, beehive (artificial structure for housing bees, including the swarm and its combs)
    Synonym: (specialist; structure only) Beute

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### See also

* Bienennest
* Bienenwabe

### Further reading

* “Bienenstock” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Bienenstock” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Bienenstock” in Duden online
* Bienenstock on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$
# reliquias
## Latin
### Noun

reliquiās
* accusative of reliquiae

### Noun

reliquiās
* accusative plural of reliquia

## Spanish
### Noun

reliquias f pl
* plural of reliquia
# անմիջնորդաբար
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian անմիջնորդաբար (anmiǰnordabar).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑnmit͡ʃʰnoɾtʰɑˈbɑɾ/, [ɑnmit͡ʃʰnoɾtʰɑbɑ́ɾ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑnmit͡ʃnoɾtɑˈpɑɾ/, [ɑnmit͡ʃʰnoɾtʰɑpʰɑ́ɾ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Adverb

անմիջնորդաբար • (anmiǰnordabar)
* directly, immediately

#### Related terms

* միջնորդ (miǰnord)
# gôta
## Portuguese
### Noun

gôta f (plural gôtas)
* Obsolete spelling of gota.
# introdução
## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* introducção (pre-standardization spelling)

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin intrōductiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ĩ.tɾo.duˈsɐ̃w̃/ [ĩ.tɾo.duˈsɐ̃ʊ̯̃]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ĩ.tɾu.duˈsɐ̃w̃/ [ĩ.tɾu.ðuˈsɐ̃w̃]
* Hyphenation: in‧tro‧du‧ção

### Noun

introdução f (plural introduções)
* introduction

#### Related terms

* intro
* introdutório
* introduzir

### Further reading

* “introdução” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
# horrela
## Basque
### Etymology

From Proto-Basque *(h)oR- (stem of hori (“that”)) +‎ -la (adverb-forming suffix).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: (Navarro-Lapurdian) /horela/ [ho.re.la]
* IPA: (Southern) /orela/ [o.re.la]
* Rhymes: -ela, -a
* Hyphenation: ho‧rre‧la

### Adverb

horrela (not comparable)
* so, thus, in that way
    Horrela da bizitza. ― Such is life.

#### Derived terms

* horrelako (“like that, similar to that”)
* horrelakoxe (“like that (emphatic)”)
* horrelatsu (“in that way”)
* horrelatsu (“in that way (emphatic)”)

#### Related terms

* hala (“in this way”)
* honela (“in this way”)

### Further reading

* “horrela”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
* “horrela”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
# zonbi
## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

From a Bantu language. Compare Kongo nzambi (“god”), zumbi (“fetish”), and Kimbundu nzumbi (“ghost”) (see Portuguese zumbi), and Caribbean folklore's jumbee (“a spirit or demon”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zɔ̃bi/

### Noun

zonbi
* zombie

## Japanese
### Romanization

zonbi
* Rōmaji transcription of ゾンビ
# hellénisation
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /e.le.ni.za.sjɔ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

hellénisation f (plural hellénisations)
* Hellenisation

### Further reading

* “hellénisation”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# reliquia
## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin reliquiae (“relics”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /reˈli.kwja/, /reˈli.kwi.a/
* Rhymes: -ikwja, -ikwia
* Hyphenation: re‧lì‧quia, re‧lì‧qui‧a

### Noun

reliquia f (plural reliquie)
* relic (religious)
* reliquary

### References

* ↑ reliquia in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

## Latin
### Etymology

From reliquiae, reinterpreted as a singular noun. By surface analysis, reliquus +‎ -ia, from Proto-Italic *relikwos. Related to relinquō (“to relinquish”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /reˈli.kʷi.a/, [rɛˈlʲɪkʷiä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /reˈli.kwi.a/, [reˈliːkwiä]

### Noun

reliquia f (genitive reliquiae); first declension
* (Late Latin) remain, relic
* (Late Latin) remnant

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Catalan: relíquia
* English: relic
* French: relique
* Galician: reliquia
* Old Irish: reilic
** Irish: reilig
** Manx: rhuillick
** Scottish Gaelic: réilig
* Italian: reliquia
* Occitan: relíquia
* Portuguese: relíquia
* Spanish: reliquia

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin reliquiae (“relics”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /reˈlikja/ [reˈli.kja]
* Rhymes: -ikja
* Syllabification: re‧li‧quia

### Noun

reliquia f (plural reliquias)
* relic, heirloom
* vestige

#### Related terms

* relicario

### Further reading

* “reliquia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# վախճանական
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian վախճանական (vaxčanakan).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /vɑχt͡ʃɑnɑˈkɑn/, [vɑχt͡ʃɑnɑkɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /vɑχd͡ʒɑnɑˈɡɑn/, [vɑχt͡ʃɑnɑɡɑ́n]

### Adjective

վախճանական • (vaxčanakan) (superlative ամենավախճանական)
* (rare) final, last, closing, ending
# Kopásek
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkopaːsɛk]

### Proper noun

Kopásek m anim (female equivalent Kopásková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Kopásek”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɔpaːsek]

### Proper noun

Kopásek m pers (female equivalent Kopásková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Kopásek”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# fantastický
## Czech
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek φανταστικός (phantastikós) +‎ -ický.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfantastɪt͡skiː]
* Rhymes: -ɪtskiː

### Adjective

fantastický (comparative fantastičtější, superlative nejfantastičtější, adverb fantasticky)
* fantastic (excellent)
    Synonym: vynikající

#### Derived terms

* vědecko-fantastický

#### Related terms

* fantasie
* fantazie

#### See also

* fantaskní

### Further reading

* “fantastický”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “fantastický”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “fantastický”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
* “fantastický” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
# žest
## Estonian
### Etymology

From Russian жест (žest), from French geste, from Latin gestus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʒ̊est/, [ˈʒ̊est]
* Rhymes: -est
* Hyphenation: žest

### Noun

žest (genitive žesti, partitive žesti)
* gesture (a deliberately emphasized hand or body movement to express feelings, a signal, etc.)

#### Declension
### References

* žest in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
* “žest”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
# kandaraan
## Sundanese
### Etymology

Compare Indonesian kendaraan, Malay kenderaan.

### Noun

kandaraan
* vehicle
# револьвер
## Kazakh
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian револьве́р (revolʹvér), from English revolver.

### Noun

револьвер • (revolver)
* (firearms) revolver (a handgun with a revolving chamber)

#### Synonyms

* алтыатар (altyatar)

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* револьве́ръ (revolʹvér) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

Borrowed from English revolver (used since the middle of 1830s).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rʲɪvɐlʲˈvʲer]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

револьве́р • (revolʹvér) m inan (genitive револьве́ра, nominative plural револьве́ры, genitive plural револьве́ров, relational adjective револьве́рный, diminutive револьве́рчик)
* (firearms) revolver (a handgun with a revolving chamber)
** 2009, Виктор Пелевин [Victor Pelevin], “Часть 1. Железная Борода. I”, in t, Москва: Эксмо; English translation from t, (Please provide a date or year):В купе́ ввали́лись лю́ди с револьве́рами в рука́х – их бы́ло мно́го, и они́ меша́ли друг дру́гу.V kupé vvalílisʹ ljúdi s revolʹvérami v rukáx – ix býlo mnógo, i oní mešáli drug drúgu.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Declension
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French revolver, from English revolver.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rewɔlʲˈʋɛr]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

револьве́р • (revolʹvér) m inan (genitive револьве́ра, nominative plural револьве́ри, genitive plural револьве́рів, relational adjective револьве́рний)
* (firearms) revolver (a handgun with a revolving chamber)

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “револьвер”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 41

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “револьвер”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “револьвер”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “револьвер”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “револьвер”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “револьвер”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “револьвер”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# цар
## Belarusian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Old Church Slavonic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ), from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from the Latin name Caesar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡sar]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ar
* Hyphenation: цар

### Noun

цар • (car) m pers (genitive цара́, nominative plural цары́, genitive plural царо́ў)
* tzar (the title of the monarch in Russia, Bulgaria and Serbia)

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### References

* “цар”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
* “цар” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

## Bulgarian
### Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡sar]
* Rhymes: -ar

### Noun

цар • (car) m (feminine цари́ца, relational adjective ца́рски)
* czar, tsar, tzar
* king, ruler, monarch
* emperor
* sire
* (chess) king

#### Related terms

* цари́ца (caríca), царки́ня f (carkínja)

## Ingush
### Pronoun

цар • (car)
* (possessive) their

### Noun

цар • (car)
* tsar

## Macedonian
### Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic цѣсарь (cěsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡sar]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

цар • (car) m (feminine царица, relational adjective царски, diminutive царче)
* czar, tsar, tzar
* king, ruler, monarch
* emperor
* sire
* Caesar
* (slang) a cool or intelligent person (used to indicate admiration or high approval)

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, *cьsarь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sâr/

### Noun

ца̏р m (Latin spelling cȁr)
* czar, emperor, monarch
    Подајте цару царево, а Богу Вожје. ― Give the Emperor what belongs to the Emperor and God what belongs to God.
** 1971, Бранко Б. Радичевић, Баш-Челик, Београд, page 1:Бијаше један цар, и имађаше три сина и три ћерке.There once was a tsar and he had three daughters and three sons.

#### Derived terms

* ца̏ревина
* ца̏рица
* ца̏рина
* ца̑рство

### References

* “цар”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡sar]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

цар • (car) m pers (genitive царя́, nominative plural царі́, genitive plural царі́в, relational adjective ца́рський)
* king
* emperor

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “цар”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “цар”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)