# 仰

| 仰 | U+4EF0, &#20208; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EF0 |
| ← 仯 [U+4EEF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 仱 → [U+4EF1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

仰 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人竹女中 (OHVL), four-corner 2722$_0$, composition ⿰亻卬)

#### Derived characters

* 𱒟, 𰉫, 𨦪, 𬳖, 𩣍, 𦯒, 𬚣, 𫤋, 𠑕

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 94, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 400
* Dae Jaweon: page 199, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 125, character 3
* Unihan data for U+4EF0

## Chinese

* 仰姓

### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 仰
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
* Small seal scripts05776Transcribed ancient scriptsL35073L35074L17428L17429L17430L17431
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 卬 | *ŋaːŋ, *ŋaŋʔ |
| 枊 | *ŋaːŋ, *ŋaːŋs |
| 昂 | *ŋaːŋ |
| 仰 | *ŋaŋʔ, *ŋaŋs |
| 迎 | *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋaŋʔ, *ŋaŋs): semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 卬 (OC *ŋaːŋ, *ŋaŋʔ).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǎng (yang$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng$^5$ / ngong$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ngióng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ngiong$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ngiōng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): gióng / giáng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ngiang$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$gnian; $^5$gnian
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǎng
*** Wade–Giles: yang$^3$
*** Yale: yǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeang
*** Palladius: ян (jan)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: joeng$^5$ / ngong$^5$
*** Yale: yéuhng / ngóhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: joeng$^5$ / ngong$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yêng$^5$ / ngong$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jœːŋ¹³/, /ŋɔːŋ¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngióng
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngiong$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngiong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯oŋ³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ngiong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋiɔŋ³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiōng
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋyoŋ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gióng
*** Tâi-lô: gióng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: giorng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ɡiɔŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giáng
*** Tâi-lô: giáng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: giarng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiaŋ⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ngiang$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngiáng
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋiaŋ⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$gnian; $^5$gnian
*** MiniDict: nyan$^去$; nyan$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$nyian; $^2$'nyian
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲiã²³/, /n̠ʲiã³⁴/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit仰 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /iɑŋ²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /iaŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /iɑŋ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /iaŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /iaŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /iaŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /niaŋ⁵³/ /iaŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /iɔ̃⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /iɑŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /iɑ̃⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /iɑŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /iaŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /iaŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /niaŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /niã̠⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /liaŋ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /iɑ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iɒ̃⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /iɑŋ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /iɑ̃⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ȵiã³⁵/ /ȵiã²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ȵiã⁵¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ȵiɑŋ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ȵi³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /nia³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ȵiau³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ȵian⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ȵian⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ȵiɔŋ²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ŋioŋ³¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jœŋ²³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /jœŋ²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /jœŋ¹³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /giɔŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /nyoŋ³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ŋiɔŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ŋiaŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /niaŋ²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: ngjangX
Rime :
| Character | 仰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 魚兩切 |
| Baxter | ngjangX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɨɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋiɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋiɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋɨaŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋiaŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭaŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋi̯aŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǎng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | joeng$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.ŋaŋʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 仰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yǎng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ngjang$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.ŋaŋʔ/ |
| English | lift the face, look up |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 仰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 31 |
| Phonetic component | 卬 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 仰 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋaŋʔ/ |

#### Definitions

仰
* to raise the head to look
* to look up to; to admire
* to face upward; to flip
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to trace back
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Used in official documents in the old days; shows deference to a superior, and hope to a subordinate.
* a surname

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to raise the head to look”): 俯 (fǔ)

#### Compounds

* 久仰 (jiǔyǎng)
* 久仰大名 (jiǔyǎngdàmíng)
* 久仰山斗
* 人仰馬翻 / 人仰马翻 (rényǎngmǎfān)
* 仰不愧天
* 仰之彌高 / 仰之弥高 (yǎngzhīmígāo)
* 仰事俯畜
* 仰人鼻息 (yǎngrénbíxī)
* 仰光 (Yǎngguāng)
* 仰八叉
* 仰八腳兒 / 仰八脚儿
* 仰剌叉
* 仰天 (yǎngtiān)
* 仰天大笑
* 仰天太息
* 仰天長歎 / 仰天长叹
* 仰屋
* 仰屋竊歎 / 仰屋窃叹
* 仰屋興嘆 / 仰屋兴叹
* 仰屋著書 / 仰屋著书
* 仰息
* 仰慕 (yǎngmù)
* 仰承
* 仰攀
* 仰望 (yǎngwàng)
* 仰止
* 仰求
* 仰泳 (yǎngyǒng)
* 仰爬
* 仰看
* 仰視 / 仰视 (yǎngshì)
* 仰秣
* 仰翻
* 仰臥 / 仰卧 (yǎngwò)
* 仰藥 / 仰药 (yǎngyào)
* 仰觀 / 仰观 (yǎngguān)
* 仰觀俯察 / 仰观俯察
* 仰角 (yǎngjiǎo)
* 仰面 (yǎngmiàn)
* 仰韶
* 仰韶文化
* 仰首伸眉
* 信仰 (xìnyǎng)
* 俛仰 / 俯仰 (fǔyǎng)
* 俯仰 (fǔyǎng)
* 倒仰
* 俯仰之間 / 俯仰之间 (fǔyǎngzhījiān)
* 俯仰無愧 / 俯仰无愧 (fǔyǎngwúkuì)
* 俯仰由人
* 健仰
* 偃仰
* 六馬仰秣 / 六马仰秣
* 前仰後合 / 前仰后合
* 前俯後仰 / 前俯后仰
* 前合後仰 / 前合后仰
* 四仰八叉 (sìyǎngbāchā)
* 宗仰 (zōngyǎng)
* 宗教信仰 (zōngjiào xìnyǎng)
* 後仰前合 / 后仰前合
* 後合前仰 / 后合前仰
* 打仰
* 敬仰 (jìngyǎng)
* 景仰 (jǐngyǎng)
* 欽仰 / 钦仰 (qīnyǎng)
* 民間信仰 / 民间信仰 (mínjiān xìnyǎng)
* 沒投仰仗 / 没投仰仗
* 沒頭仰仗 / 没头仰仗
* 泛靈信仰 / 泛灵信仰
* 渴仰
* 溈仰宗 / 沩仰宗
* 瞻仰 (zhānyǎng)
* 祗仰
* 與世俯仰 / 与世俯仰
* 與世偃仰 / 与世偃仰
* 鑽仰 / 钻仰
* 鑽堅仰高 / 钻坚仰高
* 馬仰人翻 / 马仰人翻 (mǎyǎngrénfān)
* 高山仰之
* 高山仰止 (gāoshānyǎngzhǐ)
* 高山安仰
* 鬼靈信仰 / 鬼灵信仰

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǎng, yàng (yang$^3$, yang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˇ, ㄧㄤˋ
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): ng$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǎng
*** Wade–Giles: yang$^3$
*** Yale: yǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeang
*** Palladius: ян (jan)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑŋ²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yàng
*** Wade–Giles: yang$^4$
*** Yale: yàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yanq
*** Palladius: ян (jan)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑŋ⁵¹/
* yǎng - Mainland and Taiwan standard;
* yàng - obsolete.
* Middle Chinese: ngjangH
Rime :
| Character | 仰 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 魚向切 |
| Baxter | ngjangH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɨɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋiɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋiɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋɨaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋiaŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭaŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋi̯aŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | joeng$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 仰 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 33 |
| Phonetic component | 卬 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𨋕 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋaŋs/ |

#### Definitions

仰
* to rely on

#### Compounds

* 仰仗 (yǎngzhàng)
* 仰借
* 仰哺
* 仰成
* 仰杖 (yǎngzhàng)
* 仰給 / 仰给
* 仰給於人 / 仰给于人
* 仰賴 / 仰赖 (yǎnglài)
* 仰食 (yǎngshí)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): áng (ang$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄤˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: áng
*** Zhuyin: ㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: áng
*** Wade–Giles: ang$^2$
*** Yale: áng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: arng
*** Palladius: ан (an)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɑŋ³⁵/

#### Definitions

仰
* Alternative form of 昂 (“high”)

#### Compounds

* 仰仰

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ngióng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ngiong$^4$
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngióng
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngiong$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngiong$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯oŋ³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ngiong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋiɔŋ⁵³/

#### Definitions

仰
* (Hakka) how
    From: 2021, 彭柏邑, 忘了
    How come there is no one here?

#### Compounds

* 仰仔
* 仰來 / 仰来
* 仰做得
* 仰般

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* face-up
* look up
* depend
* seek
* respect
* revere
* drink
* take

#### Readings

* Go-on: ごう (gō)
* Kan-on: ぎょう (gyō, Jōyō)
* Kan’yō-on: こう (kō, Jōyō $^†$)
* Kun: あおぐ (aogu, 仰ぐ, Jōyō)、おおせ (ōse, 仰せ, Jōyō)、あおる (aoru)、おっしゃる (ossharu, 仰っしゃる)

#### Compounds

* 仰(ぎょう)臥(が) (gyōga)
* 仰(ぎょう)角(かく) (gyōkaku)
* 仰(ぎょう)山(さん) (gyōsan)
* 仰(ぎょう)視(し) (gyōshi)
* 仰(ぎょう)天(てん) (gyōten)
* 仰(ぎょう)望(ぼう) (gyōbō)
* 仰(の)け様(ざま) (nokezama)

#### Related terms

* 仰(ぎょう)々(ぎょう)しい (gyōgyōshii), 仰(ぎょう)仰(ぎょう)しい (gyōgyōshii)
* 仰(の)けぞる (nokezoru), 仰反(のけぞ)る (nokezoru)
* 仰(お)っしゃる (ossharu)
* 仰(あお)のく (aonoku)
* 仰(あお)のける (aonokeru)
* 仰(あお)向(む)く (aomuku)

## Korean
### Hanja

仰 (eum 앙 (ang))
* to raise the head to look
* to look up; to rely on; to admire

## Vietnamese
### Han character

仰: Hán Nôm readings: ngưỡng, ngẳng, ngẵng, ngãng, khưỡng, ngẩng, ngẫng, ngửng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation