# 梨

| 梨 | U+68A8, &#26792; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68A8 |
| ← 梧 [U+68A7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 梩 → [U+68A9] |
| 梨 | U+F9E2, &#63970; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9E2 |
| ← 李 [U+F9E1] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 泥 → [U+F9E3] |

## Translingual
### Han character

梨 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓木 (HND) or 難竹弓木 (XHND), four-corner 2290$_4$, composition ⿱利木)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 530, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14873
* Dae Jaweon: page 918, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1215, character 10
* Unihan data for U+68A8
* Unihan data for U+F9E2

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 梨 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 犁 | *riːl, *ril |
| 黎 | *riːl |
| 莉 | *riːl, *r'il, *r'i |
| 黧 | *riːl |
| 鯬 | *riːl, *ril |
| 筣 | *riːl, *ri |
| 蔾 | *riːl, *ril |
| 藜 | *riːl |
| 邌 | *riːl |
| 瓈 | *riːl |
| 鵹 | *rel |
| 棃 | *ril |
| 梨 | *ril |
| 蟍 | *ril |
| 蜊 | *ril |
| 鑗 | *ril |
| 利 | *rids |
| 痢 | *rids |
| 浰 | *riːns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ril): phonetic 利 (OC *rids) + semantic 木.

### Etymology

Unknown. Also found in Proto-Hmong-Mien *rəj; folk etymology derives this from 利 (OC *rids, “sharp”) (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lí (li$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ni$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): lí
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ли (li, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lei$^4$ / lei$^{4-2}$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): ngai$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lei$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): li$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): lì
    (Hailu, HRS): li
    (Meixian, Guangdong): li$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): li$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): lî
* Eastern Min (BUC): lì / lài
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lai$^2$ / li$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lâi / lê
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lai$^5$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): lai$^5$ / li$^5$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): li$^4$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^6$li / $^2$li
** (Jinhua): $^2$li
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lí
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lí
*** Wade–Giles: li$^2$
*** Yale: lí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: li
*** Palladius: ли (li)
*** Sinological IPA : /li³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ni$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: li
*** Sinological IPA : /ni²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: lí
*** Sinological IPA : /li²⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ли (li, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /li²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lei$^4$ / lei$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: lèih / léi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lei$^4$ / lei$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: léi$^4$ / léi$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /lei̯²¹/, /lei̯²¹⁻³⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: ngai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɐi²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lei²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: li$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /li³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lì
*** Hakka Romanization System: li$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: li$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /li¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: li
*** Sinological IPA: /li⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: li$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /li¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: li$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /li¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lî
*** Sinological IPA : /li³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lì / lài
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃i⁵³/, /l̃ai⁵³/
* lì - “pear”;
* lài - used in 黃梨.
* Middle Chinese: lij
Rime :
| Character | 梨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力脂切 |
| Baxter | lij |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /liɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /li/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ljɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /li/ |
| Li Rong | /li/ |
| Wang Li | /li/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /li/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lei$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.r[ə][j]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ril/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 梨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lij › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.r[ə][j]/ |
| English | pear tree, pear |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 梨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7891 |
| Phonetic component | 利 |
| Rime group | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 棃 |
| Old Chinese | /*ril/ |
| Notes | 同棃見漢書子虛賦 |

### Definitions

梨
* pear (Classifier: 個／个 m c; 隻／只 c)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 剺 (lí, “to cut”)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 梨 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 梨, 梨子 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 梨子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 梨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 梨果兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 梨 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 梨 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 梨 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 梨 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 梨 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 梨 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 梨, 洋梨 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 梨 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 梨 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 梨 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 梨 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 梨 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 梨兒, 梨 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 梨, 梨子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 梨兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 梨 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 梨 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 梨 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 香梨, 梨子, 梨 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 梨兒, 梨子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 梨兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 梨子, 梨 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 梨, 梨子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 梨兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 梨子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 梨子, 沙梨 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 梨果 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 梨果 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 梨果 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 梨 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 梨 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 梨子, 梨 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 梨子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 梨子, 梨 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 梨 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 梨 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 梨 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 梨仔 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 梨子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 梨仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 梨 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 梨 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 梨 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Changting | 梨哩 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 梨子 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 梨子 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 梨 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 梨子 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 梨仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 梨仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 梨仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 梨仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 梨 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 梨 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 梨果 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 梨 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 梨 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 梨 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 雪梨 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 梨兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 梨兒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 梨 |
| Jin | Jining | 梨 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 梨 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 梨 |
| Jin | Handan | 梨兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 梨 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 梨 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 梨 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 梨 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 梨仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 梨 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 梨 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 梨 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 梨 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 梨 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 梨 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 梨 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 梨 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 梨 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 梨 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 梨 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 梨 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 梨 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 梨 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 梨 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 梨 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 生梨 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 水梨 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 梨 |
| Wu | Danyang | 梨子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 梨兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 梨頭 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 消梨 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 梨, 梨兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 梨子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 梨子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 梨子 |

### Compounds

* 不查梨
* 不賣查梨 / 不卖查梨
* 乳梨
* 交梨火棗 / 交梨火枣
* 伽梨
* 僧伽梨
* 僧迦梨
* 冰梨
* 凍梨 / 冻梨
* 剖梨
* 合梨
* 含消梨
* 哀家梨
* 哀梨
* 因提梨
* 地梨
* 士多啤梨 (shìduōpílí)
* 孔融讓梨 / 孔融让梨
* 山梨 (shānlí)
* 御梨
* 推梨讓棗 / 推梨让枣
* 杜梨 (dùlí)
* 杏雨梨雲 / 杏雨梨云
* 查梨
* 查梨相
* 桑梨
* 梨乾 / 梨干
* 梨乾兒 / 梨干儿
* 梨元
* 梨圈
* 梨園 / 梨园 (líyuán)
* 梨園子弟 / 梨园子弟 (Líyuán zǐdì)
* 梨園弟子 / 梨园弟子
* 梨園戲 / 梨园戏 (líyuánxì)
* 梨園榜 / 梨园榜
* 梨園行 / 梨园行
* 梨子 (lízi)
* 梨山 (Líshān)
* 梨庶
* 梨木
* 梨板
* 梨果 (líguǒ)
* 梨栗
* 梨栗兒 / 梨栗儿
* 梨條 / 梨条
* 梨棗 / 梨枣
* 梨樹 / 梨树 (líshù)
* 梨氓
* 梨渦 / 梨涡 (líwō)
* 梨狗
* 梨眉艾髮 / 梨眉艾发
* 梨窩 / 梨窝
* 梨筒
* 梨糕
* 梨肉
* 梨膏
* 梨膏糖 (lígāotáng)
* 梨花 (líhuā)
* 梨花凍 / 梨花冻
* 梨花夢 / 梨花梦
* 梨花大鼓
* 梨花帶雨 / 梨花带雨 (líhuādàiyǔ)
* 梨花春
* 梨花月
* 梨花板
* 梨花槍 / 梨花枪
* 梨花片
* 梨花盞 / 梨花盏
* 梨花簡 / 梨花简
* 梨花粉
* 梨花蜜
* 梨花釀 / 梨花酿
* 梨花雨
* 梨花雲 / 梨花云
* 梨花香
* 梨花鼓
* 梨英
* 梨萌
* 梨蓋 / 梨盖
* 梨蕊
* 梨雪
* 梨雲 / 梨云
* 梨雲夢 / 梨云梦
* 梨霜
* 梨面
* 梨頭 / 梨头
* 梨頰 / 梨颊
* 梨頰微渦 / 梨颊微涡
* 梨顆 / 梨颗
* 梨飣坐 / 梨饤坐
* 棗梨 / 枣梨
* 棠梨
* 棠梨宫
* 棠梨宮 / 棠梨宫
* 棠梨館 / 棠梨馆
* 楓梨 / 枫梨 (fēnglí)
* 楞梨
* 樊梨花
* 水梨 (shuǐlí)
* 沙梨 (shālí)
* 消梨
* 消梨花
* 海棠梨
* 災梨 / 灾梨
* 災梨禍棗 / 灾梨祸枣
* 蒸梨
* 狐梨
* 獼猴梨 / 猕猴梨
* 玉嬌梨 / 玉娇梨
* 疾梨
* 白梨
* 破麥破梨 / 破麦破梨
* 禍棗災梨 / 祸枣灾梨
* 紅梨記 / 红梨记
* 胡梨
* 臘梨 / 腊梨
* 花梨
* 蛤梨
* 訶梨 / 诃梨
* 訶梨勒 / 诃梨勒
* 訶梨子 / 诃梨子
* 訶梨怛雞 / 诃梨怛鸡
* 語兒梨 / 语儿梨
* 讓梨 / 让梨 (rànglí)
* 讓棗推梨 / 让枣推梨
* 賣查梨 / 卖查梨
* 賣楂梨 / 卖楂梨
* 迦梨迦
* 迦梨郊
* 鄭州梨 / 郑州梨
* 酪梨 (làolí)
* 釘坐梨 / 钉坐梨
* 釘座梨 / 钉座梨
* 鐵腳梨 / 铁脚梨
* 闍梨 / 阇梨
* 阿梨
* 阿梨姨
* 阿闍梨 / 阿阇梨 (āshélí)
* 雨打梨花
* 雪梨 (xuělí)
* 霜梨
* 頗梨 / 颇梨
* 食蛤梨
* 飣坐梨 / 饤坐梨
* 飣座梨 / 饤座梨
* 香梨 (xiānglí)
* 香水梨
* 高接梨 (gāojiēlí)
* 鳥梨 / 鸟梨
* 鳳栖梨
* 鳳梨 / 凤梨 (fènglí)
* 鳳棲梨 / 凤栖梨
* 鴨兒廣梨 / 鸭儿广梨
* 鴨兒梨 / 鸭儿梨
* 鴨梨 / 鸭梨 (yālí)
* 鵝梨 / 鹅梨
* 鵝梨角兒 / 鹅梨角儿
* 鹿梨
* 麵梨 / 面梨
* 黃梨 / 黄梨 (huánglí)
* 鼠梨
* 齧梨 / 啮梨

### Descendants

* → Malay: lai (“pear”)
* → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *rəj (“pear”)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
* pear

#### Readings

* Go-on: り (ri)
* Kan-on: り (ri)
* Kun: なし (nashi, 梨, Jōyō)
* Nanori: か (ka)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 梨
* なし Grade: 4
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese, attested already in the Man'yōshū. Further derivation unclear.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) なし [nàshíꜜ] (Odaka –)
* (Tokyo) なし [nàshí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [na̠ɕi]

#### Noun

梨(なし) or 梨(ナシ) • (nashi)
* a pear tree
* a pear (the fruit)
* more specifically, a Japanese pear or Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia)

##### Usage notes

* As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ナシ.

##### Derived terms

* 梨(なし)河(ふ)豚(ぐ) (nashifugu): pear puffer (Gastrophysus vermicularis, syn. Takifugu vermicularis)
* 梨子(なし)地(じ) (nashiji), 梨(なし)地(じ) (nashiji): nashiji, a lacquering technique using gold or silver powder or flakes
* 青梨(あおなし) (ao nashi): Harbin pear, Ussurian pear, Chinese pear (Pyrus ussuriensis var. hondoensis)
* 玄(けん)圃梨(ぽなし) (kenpo nashi): Japanese raisin tree (Hovenia dulcis)
* 猿梨(さるなし) (saru nashi): hardy kiwi, kiwi berry or tara vine (Actinidia arguta)
* 西洋梨(せいようなし) (seiyō nashi): European or Western pear (Pyrus communis)
* 浜梨(はまなし) (hama nashi): rugosa rose, Japanese rose, or Ramanas rose (Rosa rugosa)
* 山梨(やまなし) (yama nashi): wild nashi or wild Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia var. pyrifolia)
* 山梨県(やまなしけん) (Yamanashi-ken): Yamanashi prefecture
* 洋梨(ようなし) (yōnashi): European or Western pear (Pyrus communis)
* 鰐梨(わになし) (wani nashi): avocado or alligator pear (Persea americana)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 梨
* り Grade: 4
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 梨 (MC lij). Compare modern Mandarin 梨 (lí).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾʲi]

#### Affix

梨(り) • (ri)
* a pear tree
* a pear (the fruit)
* more specifically, a Japanese pear or Asian pear (Pyrus pyrifolia)

##### Derived terms

* 梨(り)園(えん) (rien): the theatrical world, the world of the theater
* 梨(り)果(か) (rika): a pome
* 梨(り)花(か) (rika), 梨(り)華(か) (rika), 梨(り)英(か) (rika): pear flower, pear blossom
* 梨(り)状(じょう)筋(きん) (rijōkin): the piriformis muscle
* 鳳(ほう)梨(り) (hōri): pineapple (obsolete)

### References

* ↑ Frellesvig, Bjarke, Stephen Wright Horn, et al. (eds.) (2023) “Old Japanese nasi”, in Oxford-NINJAL Corpus of Old Japanese‎, retrieved 2024-11-02
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

梨 (eumhun 배나무 리 (baenamu ri), word-initial (South Korea) 배나무 이 (baenamu i))
* hanja form of 리/이 (“pear tree”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

梨: Hán Nôm readings: lê, lệ
* chữ Hán form of lê (“pear”).
* chữ Hán form of lệ (“pear”).