# 項

| 項 | U+9805, &#38917; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9805 |
| ← 頄 [U+9804] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 順 → [U+9806] |
| ㊠ | U+32A0, &#12960; CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH ITEM |
| ← ㊟ [U+329F] | Enclosed CJK Letters and Months | ㊡ → [U+32A1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

項 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+3, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一一月金 (MMBC), four-corner 1118$_6$, composition ⿰工頁)

#### Derived characters

* 𬿦, 𠾿, 𡼔, 𢠷, 𢴦, 澒, 𭩆, 𬄝, 䁰, 𨬰, 𦺣, 𰽈, 𰉔

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1399, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43343
* Dae Jaweon: page 1915, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4356, character 9
* Unihan data for U+9805

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 缸 | *kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ |
| 篢 | *kluːmʔ, *koːŋ |
| 贑 | *kluːmʔ |
| 涳 | *ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 江 | *kroːŋ |
| 肛 | *kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ |
| 扛 | *kroːŋ |
| 杠 | *kroːŋ |
| 豇 | *kroːŋ |
| 茳 | *kroːŋ |
| 釭 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
| 矼 | *kroːŋ |
| 玒 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ |
| 虹 | *kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ |
| 腔 | *kʰroːŋ |
| 崆 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 羫 | *kʰroːŋ |
| 控 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 椌 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 悾 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 跫 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ |
| 啌 | *qʰroːŋ |
| 谾 | *qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ |
| 舡 | *qʰroːŋ |
| 缻 | *ɡroːŋ |
| 項 | *ɡroːŋʔ |
| 屸 | *ɡ·roːŋ |
| 功 | *koːŋ |
| 工 | *koːŋ |
| 疘 | *koːŋ |
| 魟 | *koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ |
| 攻 | *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
| 愩 | *koːŋ |
| 碽 | *koːŋ |
| 貢 | *koːŋs |
| 羾 | *koːŋs |
| 空 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 箜 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 硿 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 埪 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 鵼 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 倥 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 鞚 | *kʰoːŋs |
| 叿 | *qʰoːŋ |
| 嗊 | *qʰoːŋʔ |
| 訌 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 紅 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 仜 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 葒 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 渱 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 鴻 | *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 汞 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 澒 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 鞏 | *koŋʔ |
| 巩 | *koŋʔ |
| 銎 | *kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ |
| 恐 | *kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs |
| 蛩 | *ɡoŋ |
| 筇 | *ɡoŋ |
| 桏 | *ɡoŋ |
| 邛 | *ɡoŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡroːŋʔ): phonetic 工 (OC *koːŋ) + semantic 頁 (“head”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): xiàng (xiang$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hang$^4$ / xiang$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hong$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hong$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): hong$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hong
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hong$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): xion$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): hō̤ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): hâung
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hang$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hāng / hǎng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hang$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$ghaon
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): han$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàng
*** Wade–Giles: hsiang$^4$
*** Yale: syàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianq
*** Palladius: сян (sjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: hang$^4$ / xiang$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xang / xiang
*** Sinological IPA : /xaŋ²¹³/, /ɕiaŋ²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hong$^6$
*** Yale: hohng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hong$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hong$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːŋ²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hong$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔŋ³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: hong$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔŋ¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hong
*** Hakka Romanization System: hong
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hoŋ⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hɔŋ⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: xion$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hō̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /xɔŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hâung
*** Sinological IPA : /hɑuŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hang$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /haŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hāng
*** Tâi-lô: hāng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hang
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /haŋ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /haŋ²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǎng
*** Tâi-lô: hǎng
*** IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /haŋ³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /haŋ²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hang$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hăng
*** Sinological IPA : /haŋ³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$ghaon
*** MiniDict: ghaon$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhaan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦɑ̃²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: han$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /xan⁴⁵/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit項 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕiɑŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ɕiaŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ɕiɑŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ɕiaŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ɕiaŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ɕiaŋ³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /xaŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /xɔ̃²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /xɑŋ¹³/ /ɕiɑŋ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /xɑ̃¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ɕiɑŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /xaŋ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /xaŋ¹³/ /ɕiaŋ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /xaŋ²¹³/ 老 /ɕiaŋ²¹³/ 新 |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /xã̠²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ɕiaŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ɕiɑ̃⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕiɒ̃⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ɕiɑŋ³⁵/ /ɕyə³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ɕiɑ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦɑ̃²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦɑ̃³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦɑŋ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ɦuɔ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /xa³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /xau²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /xan⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /xɔn⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /hɔŋ²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /hoŋ⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hɔŋ²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /hɔŋ²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /hɔŋ²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /haŋ²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /hɔuŋ²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xɔŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /haŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /haŋ³³/ |
* Middle Chinese: haewngX
Rime :
| Character | 項 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 江 (9) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 胡講切 |
| Baxter | haewngX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠʌŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦᵚɔŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɔŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦaɨwŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɔŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɔŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣɔŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hong$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤroŋʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡroːŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 項 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiàng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hæwng$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁroŋʔ/ |
| English | neck |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 項 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4019 |
| Phonetic component | 工 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 項 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡroːŋʔ/ |

### Definitions

項
* nape of neck
* neck
    項鏈／项链 ― xiàngliàn ― necklace
    From: 7th cenutury, 駱賓王 (Luo Binwang), 詠鵝
    É é é, qǔ xiàng xiàng tiān gē. [Pinyin]
    Goose, goose, goose, it arches its neck and sings to the sky.
* item
    事項／事项 ― shìxiàng ― matter
* Classifier for items, tasks, principles, clauses, etc.
    一項任務／一项任务 ― yī xiàng rènwù ― a task
    一項代誌／一项代志 [Hokkien] ― chi̍t hāng tāi-chì [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― a matter
    性激素六項／性激素六项 ― xìngjīsù liù xiàng ― six hormones checked in a hormone test
    逐項審議／逐项审议 ― zhú xiàng shěnyì ― to review item by item
* sum of money
* (mathematics) term
    多項式／多项式 ― duōxiàngshì ― polynomial
* (law) count (charge)
* (Hakka) on; above
    桌項／桌项 [Sixian Hakka] ― chok hong [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ] ― on the desk
* a surname, Xiang

#### Synonyms

* (neck):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 頸, 項, 頸項, 亢, 脰 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 頸項, 頸部 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 脖子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 頸項, 脖子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 脖子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 脖子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 脖子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 脖子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 脖子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 脖子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 脖子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 脖子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 脖子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 脖子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 脖子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 脖子, 脖頸子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 脖子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 脖子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 脖子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 脖子, 格了脖兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 脖項, 脖子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 脖項, 項脖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 脖子, 頸 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 脖子, 頸子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 脖子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 脖子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 脖子, 頸脖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 脖項, 脖子, 項頸兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 脖子, 脖朗骨 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 脖子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 脖子, 脖板, 脖脖, 板頸, 皮板筋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 脖頸子, 脖了頸子, 脖子, 脖頸兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 脖子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 脖子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 脖子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 脖子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 脖子, 脖頸 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 脖子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 脖子, 脖頸 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 脖子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 脖子, 板頸 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 頸項, 脖子, 頸子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 頸子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 頸項 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 頸項 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 脖子, 頸子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 頸子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 頸子, 頸項 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 頸子, 頸框 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 頸子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 脖子, 頸脖子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 脖子, 頸子, 頸項 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 脖頸, 頸根 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 頸子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 頸子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 頸 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 脖子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 脖子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 脖子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 脖子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 頸子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 頸脖 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 頸梗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 脖子, 頸項 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 頸子, 脖子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 頸項, 頸亢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 脖子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 脖子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 頸項, 頸亢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 頸子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 頸子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 腦頸把子, 老頸子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 頸杆子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 頸頭 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 頸, 頸臂 of a person |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 頸, 頸柄 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Wuchuan (Wuyang) | 頸, 頸兒 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 頸, 頸筋 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 頸 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 頸 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 頸 |
| Gan | Pengze | 頸 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 頸 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 頸牯 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 頸根, 頸 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 頸 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 頸骨 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 頸 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 頸 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 頸 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 頸骨 |
| Hakka | Changting | 頸 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 頸官 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 頸骨, 頸 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 頸 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 頸 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 頸 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 頸 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 頸筋 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 頸 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 頸 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 頸骨 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 頸骨 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 頸 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 頸 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 頸, 頸根 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Meixian) | 頸根 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 頸根 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 扣頸, 脰頸 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 頭頸, 項頸 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 頭頸 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 脖子 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 脖子, 脖頸 |
| Jin | Datong | 脖子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 脖子 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 脖子 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 脖子 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 脖子 |
| Jin | Linhe | 脖子, 脖頸 |
| Jin | Jining | 脖子, 脖頸 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 脖子 |
| Jin | Baotou | 脖頸 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 脖子 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 脖頸 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 脖子 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 脖子 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 脖子 |
| Jin | Handan | 脖子 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 脖了 |
| Jin | Suide | 脖子, 脖項 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 脰, 仲仲 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 脰仔 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 脰骨 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 脰仔 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 脰管 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 脰 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 脰 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 脰 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 脰骨 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 脰骨 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 脰脖筋, 脰脖株 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 脰骨 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 脰穩 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 脰穩 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 脰穩 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 脰領 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 脰引 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 脰穩 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 脰脖 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 頷頸, 脰項 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 頷胿, 下頷 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 頷胿 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 頷胿 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 脰項 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 脰穩 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 脰穩 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 頷頸, 頷管, 頷仔, 頷捘 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 頷仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 頷仔頸 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 頸骨 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 頷仔 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 頷骨仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 頷仔, 頷骨 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 頷頸仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 頷頸, 頷頸仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 頷仔頸 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 頷胿, 頷頸仔, 頷仔頸 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 頷頸仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 頷仔頸, 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 頷胿 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 頭顱頸仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 頷仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 領頸 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 脰嚨 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 頷筒仔 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 頷, 頷仔, 頷筒仔, 頷脰 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 頷 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 脰 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 脰, 脰蒂根 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 脰蒂, 脰 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 脰蒂 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 脰蒂 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 脰顱 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 脰顱 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 頭頸 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 脰頸 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 脰總 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 頸骨, 頸 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 腚頸 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 頸, 頸子 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 頸棟 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 頸棟 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 頸龍 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 頸棟 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 頸骨 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 頭頸, 頭頸骨 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 頸骨 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 頭頸 |
| Wu | Danyang | 頸梗 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 脰頸, 脖子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 頭頸骨, 頭頸 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 頭頸 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 項頸 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 頭頸 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 頸根, 頸箍 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 頸筋 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 頸殼, 頸筋 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 頸殼 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 頸筋 |
* (count): 罪項／罪项 (zuìxiàng)

### Compounds

* 七項運動 / 七项运动
* 事項 / 事项 (shìxiàng)
* 二項定理 / 二项定理
* 二項式 / 二项式 (èrxiàngshì)
* 代為說項 / 代为说项
* 党項 (Dǎngxiàng)
* 冷項 / 冷项
* 出項 / 出项
* 前項 / 前项
* 十項全能 / 十项全能 (shíxiàng quánnéng)
* 十項運動 / 十项运动
* 吃大項 / 吃大项
* 各項 / 各项 (gèxiàng)
* 名項 / 名项
* 單項 / 单项 (dānxiàng)
* 單項式 / 单项式 (dānxiàngshì)
* 外項 / 外项
* 大頭項 / 大头项
* 套項 / 套项
* 帑項 / 帑项
* 弱項 / 弱项 (ruòxiàng)
* 強項 / 强项 (qiángxiàng)
* 後項 / 后项
* 扭項 / 扭项
* 扭頭瞥項 / 扭头瞥项
* 抱頭縮項 / 抱头缩项
* 望其肩項 / 望其肩项
* 望其項背 / 望其项背 (wàngqíxiàngbèi)
* 末項 / 末项 (mòxiàng)
* 槁項黃馘 / 槁项黄馘
* 款項 / 款项 (kuǎnxiàng)
* 正項 / 正项
* 用項 / 用项
* 移項 / 移项 (yíxiàng)
* 緊用項 / 紧用项
* 缺項 / 缺项
* 義項 / 义项 (yìxiàng)
* 脖項 / 脖项 (bóxiàng)
* 花項 / 花项
* 虎項金鈴 / 虎项金铃
* 要項 / 要项
* 說項 / 说项 (shuōxiàng)
* 逢人說項 / 逢人说项
* 進項 / 进项 (jìnxiàng)
* 選項 / 选项 (xuǎnxiàng)
* 邏輯常項 / 逻辑常项
* 鐵人三項 / 铁人三项 (tiěrén sān xiàng)
* 長項 / 长项 (chángxiàng)
* 雞項 / 鸡项
* 雜項 / 杂项 (záxiàng)
* 難望項背 / 难望项背
* 項別騅 / 项别骓
* 項圈 / 项圈 (xiàngquān)
* 項攏 / 项拢 (hāng-láng)
* 項牌 / 项牌
* 項目 / 项目 (xiàngmù)
* 項背相望 / 项背相望
* 項莊舞劍 / 项庄舞剑
* 項鋪 / 项铺 (Xiàngpù)
* 項鏈 / 项链 (xiàngliàn)
* 項領 / 项领
* 頭項 / 头项
* 頸項 / 颈项 (jǐngxiàng)
* 鵝項椅 / 鹅项椅

### Further reading

* “項”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “项”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 258.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ごう (gō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
* Kun: うなじ (unaji, 項)

#### Compounds

* 項目(こうもく) (kōmoku, “article”)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 項
* うなじ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 項 – see the following entry. :
| 【うなじ】 | [noun] nape (back of the neck) |
(This term, 項, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 項
* うな Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 項 – see the following entry. :
| 【うな】 | [prefix] of the neck or nape [pronoun] (dialect) a second person pronoun: [pronoun] (Tōhoku, Tochigi, Niigata, Nagano, Mie, Kyūshū) you (only used to subordinates or being rude) [pronoun] (Kōzushima) you (formal) |
(This term, 項, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 項
* こう Grade: S
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 項 (MC haewngX).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞ː]

#### Noun

項(こう) • (kō)
* section
* (mathematics) term
* (linguistics) argument

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 項 (MC haewngX).
Historical Readings :
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading |||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅘᅡᇰ〯 (Yale: hhǎng) | ᅘᅡᇰ〯 (Yale: hhǎng) |
| Middle Korean |||
| Text | Eumhun | Eumhun |
| Text | Gloss (hun) | Reading |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527 | 목 (Yale: mwòk) | 하ᇰ〯 (Yale: hǎng) |

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ha̠(ː)ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [항(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 項 (eumhun 항목(項目) 항 (hangmok hang))
* hanja form of 항 (“clause, section; item (in a list)”) [noun]
* hanja form of 항 (“(mathematics) term”) [noun]

#### Compounds

* 각항 (各項, gakhang)
* 문항 (問項, munhang)
* 사항 (事項, sahang)
* 조항 (條項, johang)
* 포항 (浦項, Pohang)
* 항목 (項目, hangmok)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

項: Hán Nôm readings: hạng, háng, hảng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.