# llevar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Catalan levar, from Latin levāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ʎəˈβa]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ʎəˈva]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ʎeˈvaɾ]

### Verb

llevar (first-person singular present llevo, first-person singular preterite lleví, past participle llevat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/
* (transitive) to remove, to take out
* (transitive) to raise, to lift, to help get up
* (reflexive) to get up
* (intransitive) to rise
* (pronominal) to get up, to get out of bed

#### Derived terms

* lleva
* llevadís
* llevador
* llevaneu
* llevar-se
* llevat
* llevataps

### References

* “llevar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

### Further reading

* “llevar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “llevar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “llevar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish levar, from Latin levāre. The initial /ʎ/ developed from an earlier /lj/ in rhizotonic conjugations such as lieva (< Latin lĕvat), where it resulted from the diphthongization of stressed Latin /ĕ/ to /je/. Eventually /ʎ-/ spread to the entire verb paradigm by analogy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʝeˈbaɾ/ [ɟ͡ʝeˈβ̞aɾ]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /ʝeˈbaɾ/ [ɟ͡ʝeˈβ̞aɾ]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /ʎeˈbaɾ/ [ʎeˈβ̞aɾ]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /ʃeˈbaɾ/ [ʃeˈβ̞aɾ]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /ʒeˈbaɾ/ [ʒeˈβ̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: lle‧var

### Verb

llevar (first-person singular present llevo, first-person singular preterite llevé, past participle llevado)
* (transitive) to take, to carry, to take away, to carry away, to carry around, to bring, to bear, to lug (implies to move something further from who speaks)
    Synonym: traer
    Antonym: quitar
    Le llevaré un regalo a Rosa para su cumpleaños.I will take a present to Rosa for her birthday.
** 2013, Ellis Peters, El gorrión del santuario‎:Padre, y tú, Daniel, llevadla a la cama. No tiene ningún hueso roto y no siente nada.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (transitive) to take, to take out (implies moving someone further from the speaker)
    Llevamos a las chicas al cine.We're taking the girls to the movies.
* (intransitive) to lead, to drive [with a ‘to a conclusion’]
    A la luz de esos resultados, todo esto lleva a la conclusión de que hay que idear métodos alternativos.In light of those findings, all this leads to the conclusion that alternative methods should be devised.
* (transitive) to have spent time, have been [with direct object ‘length of time’, along with locational phrase or gerund or past past]
    Llevo seis años aquí.I've been here 6 years.
    Llevo dos años estudiando francés.I've been studying French for two years.
    Llevamos más de 30 años casados.We've been married for more than 30 years.
* (transitive) to wear (ellipsis of the more formal llevar puesto)
    Synonym: (ellipsis of traer puesto) traer
    Llevaba una blusa rosa.She was wearing a pink blouse.
* (transitive) to have, include (have as a component, part, accessory or ingredient)
    Synonym: traer
    Si es quesadilla lleva queso, si no lleva queso, no es quesadilla.If it is a quesadilla, it has cheese; if it does not have cheese it is not a quesadilla.(phrase used in the Mexican provinces to debate the usage of the word quesadilla in Mexico City)
    Esta palabra no lleva acento.This word does not have an accent mark.
* (transitive) to give a lift, to give a ride
* (colloquial) to hold up, to be doing, to cope
    ¿Cómo lo llevas? ― How are you holding up?
* (reflexive) to wear
* (reflexive, informal) to be in, to be fashionable

#### Usage notes

* In the sense of "carry" or "move", llevar and traer are antonyms in the origin and destination of the action, but between them they are used as synonyms.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* dejarse llevar (“to get carried away, to let oneself go”)
* dejarse llevar por (“to be swayed by, to be led by”)
* llevar a caballito (“to give a piggyback ride, to carry on one's back”)
* llevar a cabo
* llevar a casa (“to give someone a lift or ride home”)
* llevar a efecto
* llevar a gala
* llevar a la práctica
* llevar a los tribunales, llevar a juicio (“to take to court”)
* llevar a pensar (“to lead someone to think”)
* llevar a término (“to bring to completion, bring to a close, bring to a conclusion”)
* llevar a término
* llevar adelante
* llevar al altar (“to walk down the aisle, to bring to the altar”)
* llevar al extremo (“to take to the extreme”)
* llevar al huerto
* llevar al límite (“to push to the limit, to push or take over the edge”)
* llevar camino
* llevar el apunte
* llevar el compás
* llevar el gato al agua (“to achieve or overcome the impossible or improbable”)
* llevar el paso
* llevar en la cabeza
* llevar hierro a Vizcaya
* llevar la cargva
* llevar la contraria
* llevar la cuenta (“to keep track, to keep score, to keep count”)
* llevar la cuerda
* llevar la delantera
* llevar las de perder
* llevar leña al monte
* llevar lo mejor
* llevar lo peor
* llevar los pantalones
* llevar puesto
* llevar y traer
* llevarlo crudo
* llevarse
* llevarse a la boca
* llevarse bien (“to get along”)
* llevarse como el perro y el gato
* llevarse de vuelta a (“to take you back to; to bring you back to [a memorable time or place]”)
* llevarse la palma
* llevarse por delante
* no llevarlas todas consigo
* para llevar (“takeout, carry-out, take-away”) (adj)
* siete y llevar
* tierra de pan llevar
* traer y llevar

#### Related terms

* leudo
* levadura
* levantar
* liviano

#### See also

* acarrear
* arrastrar
* cargar
* desplazar
* mover
* portar

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “llevar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume III (G–Ma), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 731

### Further reading

* “llevar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* “llevar”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010