# 澹

| 澹 | U+6FB9, &#28601; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6FB9 |
| ← 澸 [U+6FB8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 澺 → [U+6FBA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

澹 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 水弓金口 (ENCR), four-corner 3716$_1$, composition ⿰氵詹)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 653, character 36
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18421
* Dae Jaweon: page 1064, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1762, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6FB9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 澹 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 甔 | *toːm, *taːm, *taːms |
| 擔 | *taːm, *taːms |
| 儋 | *ʔl'aːm |
| 聸 | *taːm |
| 膽 | *taːmʔ |
| 黵 | *taːmʔ, *tjamʔ |
| 澹 | *daːm, *daːmʔ, *daːms |
| 憺 | *daːmʔ, *daːms |
| 瞻 | *tjam |
| 詹 | *tjam |
| 蟾 | *tjam, *djam |
| 噡 | *tjam |
| 譫 | *tjam, *daːb, *tjaːb |
| 幨 | *tʰjam, *tʰjams |
| 襜 | *tʰjam, *tʰjams |
| 韂 | *tʰjams |
| 贍 | *djams |
| 檐 | *lam |
| 簷 | *lam |
| 舚 | *tʰeːm, *tʰeːms |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *daːm, *daːmʔ, *daːms): semantic 氵 + phonetic 詹 (OC *tjam).

### Etymology 1

Related to 淡 (OC *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàn (dan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): daam$^6$ / taam$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tām / tǎm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dan$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàn
*** Wade–Giles: tan$^4$
*** Yale: dàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
*** Palladius: дань (danʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daam$^6$ / taam$^5$
*** Yale: daahm / táahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daam$^6$ / taam$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dam$^6$ / tam$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːm²²/, /tʰaːm¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tām
*** Tâi-lô: tām
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dam
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tam²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tam³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǎm
*** Tâi-lô: tǎm
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dan$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tăⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /tã³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: damX, damH
Rime :
| Character | 澹 | 澹 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) | 談 (143) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 徒敢切 | 徒濫切 |
| Baxter | damX | damH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dam$^X$/ | /dam$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑm$^X$/ | /dɑm$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑm$^X$/ | /dʱɑm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dàn | dàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | daam$^6$ | daam$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[l]ˤamʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*daːmʔ/, /*daːms/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 澹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dam$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[l]ˁamʔ/ |
| English | calm |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 澹 | 澹 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 16756 | 16759 |
| Phonetic component | 詹 | 詹 |
| Rime group | 談 | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 噉 | 憺 |
| Old Chinese | /*daːmʔ/ | /*daːms/ |

##### Definitions

澹
* calm and indifferent to fame and fortune
* quiet; tranquil
* light (of taste); insipid
* (of water) to ripple
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 恬澹
* 慘澹 / 惨澹 (cǎndàn)
* 慘澹經營 / 惨澹经营
* 暗澹 (àndàn)
* 清澹
* 澄澹精致
* 澹彩
* 澹泊 (dànbó)
* 澹沲
* 澹泊寡欲
* 澹泊明志
* 澹淡
* 澹淡經營 / 澹淡经营
* 澹澉
* 澹澹
* 澹瀩 / 澹𬉏
* 澹灔
* 澹灎
* 澹然 (dànrán)
* 澹蕩 / 澹荡
* 澹話 / 澹话

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tán (tan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taam$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tâm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tam$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tán
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tán
*** Wade–Giles: tʻan$^2$
*** Yale: tán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
*** Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taam$^4$
*** Yale: tàahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːm²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâm
*** Tâi-lô: tâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: daam
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tam²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tam¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tam²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tam²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tam$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thâm
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰam⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dam
Rime :
| Character | 澹 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒甘切 |
| Baxter | dam |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dam/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑm/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*daːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 澹 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| No. | 16755 |
| Phonetic component | 詹 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 談 |
| Old Chinese | /*daːm/ |

##### Definitions

澹
* Only used in 澹臺／澹台 (Tántái, “a surname”).

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dān (dan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dān
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dan
*** Wade–Giles: tan$^1$
*** Yale: dān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dan
*** Palladius: дань (danʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tän⁵⁵/

##### Definitions

澹
* Only used in 澹林.

### Etymology 4

Possibly from Austroasiatic; compare Vietnamese đầm (“swamp; to be soaking; be sopping wet”) (Norman and Mei, 1976). Also compare Proto-Tai *domᴬ (“wet”), whence Zhuang dumz (“wet; soaked”) (Yue-Hashimoto, 1976).

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tâm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dam$^5$
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâm
*** Tâi-lô: tâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: daam
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tam²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tam¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tam²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tam²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dam$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tâm
*** Sinological IPA : /tam⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

澹
* (dialectal Eastern Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min) wet

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 濕 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 濕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 濕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 濕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 濕 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 濕 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 濕 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 濕 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 濕 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 濕 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 濕 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 濕 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 濕 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 濕 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 潮, 濕 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 潮 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 削 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 削 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 濕, 削 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 濕, 削 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 削 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 濕, 削 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 削, 濕 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 濕 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 濕 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 濕 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 濕 |
| Hakka | Changting | 濕 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 濕 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 濕 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 濕 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 濕 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 濕 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 濕 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 濕 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 濕 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 濕 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 濕 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 濕 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 濕 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 濕 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 濕 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 濕 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 濕 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 濕 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 濕 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 濕 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 濕 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 澹, 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 澹, 濫 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 澹 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 濫, 澹 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 澹 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 澹 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 澹 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 濫 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 澹, 濕 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 澹, 濕 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 澹, 濕 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 澹, 濕 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 澹, 濕 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 澹, 濕 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 澹, 濕 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 澹, 濕 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 澹, 濕 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 濕 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 濕 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 濕 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 澹 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 澹 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 澹, 澬 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 泱 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 澹 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 澹 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 泱, 澹 rare, 澬 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 泱, 澹 rare, 澬 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 泱, 澹 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 濕 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 濕 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 濕 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 澹 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 濕 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 濕 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 濕 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 濕 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 濕 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 濕 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 濕 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 濕 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 濕 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 濕 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 濕 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 濕 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 濕 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 濕 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 濕, 潮 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 潮 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 濫, 濕 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 濕 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 濕 |

#### Compounds

* 澹漉漉
* 澹濕 / 澹湿
* 澹糊糊
* 澹耳

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 澹 – see 贍 (“to provide for; to support; to supply; sufficient; plentiful; rich; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 贍).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: だん (dan)、ぜん (zen)
* Kan-on: たん (tan)、せん (sen)
* Kun: あわい (awai, 澹い)

## Korean
### Hanja

澹 • (dam, seom) (hangeul 담, 섬, revised dam, seom, McCune–Reischauer tam, sŏm, Yale tam, sem)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

澹: Hán Nôm readings: đam, đàm, đạm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.