# 丕

| 丕 | U+4E15, &#19989; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E15 |
| ← 且 [U+4E14] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 世 → [U+4E16] |

## Translingual
### Han character

丕 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一火一 (MFM), four-corner 1010$_9$, composition ⿱不一)

#### Derived characters

* 伾, 呸, 坯, 㚰, 岯, 𢓖, 怌, 抷, 𣳎, 狉, 𨸹, 𣆏, 胚, 柸, 𤇨, 𤘹, 㺽, 𥅊, 𥑜, 𥘻, 秠, 𥹂, 䋔(𫄞), 蚽, 𣌹, 𠃂, 𫌶, 豾, 𨠙, 鉟, 𨸿, 𩎜, 𩚼, 駓(𬳵), 魾, 𪀇, 噽, 邳, 𣬾, 𣓺, 䪹, 䲹, 苤, 𤵛, 𨴈, 𩈓, 髬, 𪢩, 𨲐, 𩓭, 𩔌

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: 一部/四畫 on the Chinese Wikisource.
* Kangxi Dictionary: page 77, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30
* Dae Jaweon: page 155, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 15, character 1
* Unihan data for U+4E15

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 丕
* Bronze inscriptionsb00106Small seal scripts00005Transcribed ancient scriptsL04220L04221L04222L04223
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 肧 | *pʰlɯː, *pʰɯ, *pʰlɯː |
| 俖 | *pʰɯːʔ |
| 娝 | *prɯʔ |
| 痞 | *prɯʔ, *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ |
| 丕 | *pʰrɯ |
| 伾 | *pʰrɯ |
| 秠 | *pʰrɯ, *pʰrɯʔ, *pʰɯ, *pʰɯʔ |
| 駓 | *pʰrɯ |
| 怌 | *pʰrɯ |
| 豾 | *pʰrɯ |
| 髬 | *pʰrɯ |
| 魾 | *pʰrɯ, *brɯ |
| 鉟 | *pʰrɯ, *brɯ |
| 嚭 | *pʰrɯʔ |
| 邳 | *brɯ |
| 岯 | *brɯ |
| 否 | *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ |
| 抔 | *bɯ, *pʰlɯː |
| 不 | *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ' |
| 紑 | *pɯ, *pʰɯ, *pʰɯʔ |
| 鴀 | *pɯ, *pɯʔ |
| 衃 | *pʰɯ, *pʰlɯː |
| 罘 | *bɯ |
| 芣 | *bɯ |
| 杯 | *plɯː |
| 盃 | *plɯː |
| 桮 | *pɯː |
| 坯 | *pʰɯː |
| 胚 | *pʰɯː |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰrɯ): phonetic 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ') + semantic 一

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pī (pi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pei$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): pi$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$phi; $^1$phe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pī
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pi
*** Wade–Giles: pʻi$^1$
*** Yale: pī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pi
*** Palladius: пи (pi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pei$^1$
*** Yale: pēi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pei$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: péi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰei̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phi
*** Tâi-lô: phi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phy
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰi⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰi³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰi⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰi⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰi⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: pi$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phí
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$phi; $^1$phe
*** MiniDict: phi$^平$; phe$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$phi; $^1$phe
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰi⁵³/, /pʰe⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: phij
Rime :
| Character | 丕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (17) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 敷悲切 |
| Baxter | phij |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰˠiɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰᵚi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰiɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰji/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰji/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pei$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰrə/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰrɯ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 丕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | pī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ phij › |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰrə/ |
| English | great |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 丕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1007 |
| Phonetic component | 不 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 丕 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰrɯ/ |
| Notes | 不的轉註字 |

#### Definitions

丕
* large; grand
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Tiānxià zhī zhuàngguān, wángzhě zhī pī yè. [Pinyin]
    Splendor of all under Heaven, great achievement of kings
* to act on; to follow
* A particle.
* a surname

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bù (bu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bù
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bù
*** Wade–Giles: pu$^4$
*** Yale: bù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buh
*** Palladius: бу (bu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu⁵¹/

#### Definitions

丕
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 不
* Used in 可丕丕 (“heart beating”).

### Compounds

* 丕丕
* 丕基
* 丕林島 / 丕林岛
* 丕業 / 丕业
* 丕烈
* 丕績 / 丕绩
* 丕變 / 丕变 (pībiàn)
* 丕靈 / 丕灵
* 丕顯 / 丕显 (pīxiǎn)
* 春丕峽 / 春丕峡
* 氣丕丕 / 气丕丕

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* large; grand

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひ (hi)
* Kan-on: ひ (hi)
* Kun: おおきい (ōkii, 丕きい)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 丕
* ひ Hyōgai
* on'yomi

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [çi]

### Proper noun

丕(ひ) • (Hi)
* An orthographic borrowing of the Chinese surname 丕, Pi

## Korean
### Hanja

丕 (eumhun 클 비 (keul bi))
* hanja form of 비 (“large; grand”)

#### Compounds

* 비자 (丕子, bija)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

丕: Hán Việt readings: phi (鋪(phô)悲(bi)切(thiết))
丕: Nôm readings: vầy, vậy, phỉ, bậy, phơi, chăng, chẳng, phi
* chữ Hán form of phi (“large; grand”).
* chữ Nôm form of vầy (“such; like this”).
* chữ Nôm form of vậy (“so; thus”).

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 4 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 3 Bonet (1899).
* 1 2 3 4 Génibrel (1898).
* 1 2 3 4 Hồ (1976).
* 1 2 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).