# rith
## English
### Alternative forms

* ride, rithe, rythe, ryth, rife, reeth

### Etymology

From Middle English rīth (“a small stream”), rithe, from Old English rīþ m (“a small stream”), rīþe f, from Proto-West Germanic *rīþ, from Proto-Germanic *rīþaz, *rīþǭ (“stream, beck, brook”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rey- (“to arise, arise”).
Cognate with Old Frisian rīth, rīd (“stream, beck”), Old Saxon rīth (“stream, torrent”) (> Middle Low German rîde), Old Dutch rīth (“stream, beck”), German -reide (“stream”, in placenames).

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /ɹaɪθ/; (UK dialects) /ɹiːθ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːθ

### Noun

rith (plural riths)
* (obsolete) A small stream or channel.
    They waded further up the rith.
** 1973 (quoting an earlier record), The Land Drainage Records of West Sussex: A Catalogue (West Sussex Record Office, David J. Butler), page xix:
    […] does not Cleanse part of two Riths or Sewers and repair so much of Pagham Wall against the Sea as doth belong to him to cleanse and to repair and the said Edward Woods to have notice to appear before us on the twenty Seventh day of this Instant December to give […]
** 1968 (quoting an earlier record), Irish University Press Series of British Parliamentary [Records], page 472:
    […] Riths or Channels in the Harbour, as proposed in the Evidence of Charles Mant, Esquire, and alluded to in the Petition from Langstone, Your Committee are of opinion may be beneficially adopted and introduced in any Bill hereafter to […]

#### Usage notes

Now mostly found in surnames and place names like Hendrith and Tingrith.

#### Synonyms

* (small (usually fordable) stream): brooklet, bourn, freshet, gill, rill, rindle, rivulet, runlet, runnel, streamlet
* (small water course): beck, burn, crick, fresh, race, run

### Further reading

* The Middle English Dictionary

### Anagrams

* thir

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* reath (Ulster)

### Etymology

From Old Irish reithid (verb) and riuth (noun), from Proto-Celtic *reteti (verb) and *ritus (noun) (compare Middle Welsh redec), from Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂-. The vowel of the verb has been replaced with the vowel of the verbal noun, but is preserved in the dialectal form reath.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ɾˠɯh/, /ɾˠɞh/
* (Cois Fharraige) IPA: /ɾˠʊ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ɾˠɪç/, (older) /ɾˠɯç/

### Verb

rith (present analytic ritheann, future analytic rithfidh, verbal noun rith, past participle rite)
* to run

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | rithim | ritheann tú; rithir$^†$ | ritheann sé, sí | rithimid | ritheann sibh | ritheann siad; rithid$^†$ | a ritheann; a ritheas | ritear |
| indicative | past | rith mé; ritheas | rith tú; rithis | rith sé, sí | ritheamar; rith muid | rith sibh; ritheabhair | rith siad; ritheadar | a rith / ar rith* | ritheadh |
| indicative | past habitual | rithinn | riteá | ritheadh sé, sí | rithimis; ritheadh muid | ritheadh sibh | rithidís; ritheadh siad | a ritheadh / a ritheadh* | rití |
| future | future | rithfidh mé; rithfead | rithfidh tú; rithfir$^†$ | rithfidh sé, sí | rithfimid; rithfidh muid | rithfidh sibh | rithfidh siad; rithfid$^†$ | a rithfidh; a rithfeas | rithfear |
| conditional | conditional | rithfinn | rithfeá | rithfeadh sé, sí | rithfimis; rithfeadh muid | rithfeadh sibh | rithfidís; rithfeadh siad | a rithfeadh / a rithfeadh* | rithfí |
| subjunctive | present | go rithe mé; go rithead$^†$ | go rithe tú; go rithir$^†$ | go rithe sé, sí | go rithimid; go rithe muid | go rithe sibh | go rithe siad; go rithid$^†$ | — | go ritear |
| subjunctive | past | dá rithinn | dá riteá | dá ritheadh sé, sí | dá rithimis; dá ritheadh muid | dá ritheadh sibh | dá rithidís; dá ritheadh siad | — | dá rití |
| imperative | imperative | rithim | rith | ritheadh sé, sí | rithimis | rithigí; rithidh$^†$ | rithidís | — | ritear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | rith | rith | rith | rith | rith | rith | rith | rith |
| past participle | past participle | rite | rite | rite | rite | rite | rite | rite | rite |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form

#### Derived terms

* rith le (“to occur to”)

### Noun

rith m or f (genitive singular reatha, nominative plural rití)
* verbal noun of rith
    Synonym: reáchtáil
* run

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
rith
rití
vocative
a rith
a rití
genitive
reatha
rití
dative
rith
rití
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an rith
na rití
genitive
an reatha
na rití
dative
leis an rith don rith
leis na rití :
* Alternative plurals: reatha, rithe

#### Derived terms

* aga reatha
* airgead reatha
* caipiteal reatha
* caise reatha
* cloch reatha
* coimhlint reatha
* colún reatha
* comhordanáidí reatha
* cuairt reatha
* cuntas reatha
* dol reatha
* easpa reatha
* fáinne reatha
* fáscadh reatha
* feamainn reatha
* feochadán reatha
* fiolún reatha
* gaineamh reatha
* i rith
* íbhil reatha
* iomarbhá reatha
* lámhscríbhneoireacht reatha
* léim reatha
* ligean reatha
* pónaire reatha
* ráig reatha
* réalta reatha
* reathach
* reathaí
* reathaire
* rith as
* rith buair
* rith buan
* rith croí
* rith cúirte
* rith focail
* rith fola
* rith gorm
* rith sonais
* rith tinnis
* ruagaire reatha
* ruithne reatha
* saighead reatha
* scéal reatha
* scríbhneoireacht reatha
* scuad reatha
* seáp reatha
* snaidhm reatha
* spalpadh reatha
* súil reatha
* troid reatha
* uisce reatha

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “reithid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “rith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 90, page 50
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 180, page 69

### Further reading

* (verb): Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “rithim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 573
* (noun): Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “rith”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 573
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rith”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /riːθ/

### Noun

rith
* Soft mutation of rhith.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.