# 嘸

| 嘸 | U+5638, &#22072; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5638 |
| ← 嘷 [U+5637] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嘹 → [U+5639] |

## Translingual
### Han character

嘸 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 口人廿火 (ROTF), four-corner 6803$_1$, composition ⿰口無)
* unclear
* an expletive
* not

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 207, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4269
* Dae Jaweon: page 430, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 684, character 2
* Unihan data for U+5638

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 無 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 墲 | *m̥ʰaː, *maː, *ma |
| 橅 | *maː |
| 膴 | *hmaː, *ma, *maʔ |
| 幠 | *hmaː |
| 鄦 | *hmaʔ |
| 撫 | *m̥ʰaʔ |
| 無 | *ma |
| 瞴 | *ma, *maʔ |
| 蕪 | *ma |
| 璑 | *ma |
| 鷡 | *ma |
| 譕 | *ma |
| 憮 | *ma, *maʔ |
| 舞 | *maʔ |
| 廡 | *maʔ |
| 嫵 | *maʔ |
| 甒 | *maʔ |
| 潕 | *maʔ |
| 儛 | *maʔ |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fǔ, wǔ (fu$^3$, wu$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ, ㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fu$^2$ / mou$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^3$
*** Yale: fǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
*** Palladius: фу (fu)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wǔ
*** Wade–Giles: wu$^3$
*** Yale: wǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuu
*** Palladius: у (u)
*** Sinological IPA : /u²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fu$^2$ / mou$^5$
*** Yale: fú / móuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fu$^2$ / mou$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fu$^2$ / mou$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuː³⁵/, /mou̯¹³/

#### Definitions

嘸
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) stunned; stupified

#### Compounds

* 嘸然 / 呒然

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ḿ (m$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㆬˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): m$^4$ / mou$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$m / $^2$m / $^1$m / $^5$m
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ḿ
*** Zhuyin: ㆬˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ḿ
*** Wade–Giles: m$^2$
*** Yale: ḿ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: m2
*** Palladius: м (m)
*** Sinological IPA : /m̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: m$^4$ / mou$^5$
*** Yale: m̀h / móuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: m$^4$ / mou$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: m$^4$ / mou$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /m̩²¹/, /mou̯¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$m
*** MiniDict: m$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhmm
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /m̩²³/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^2$m
*** MiniDict: m$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /m̩²²³/
** (Northern: Songjiang)
*** Wugniu: $^1$m
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /m̩⁵³/
** (Northern: Ningbo)
*** Wugniu: $^5$m
*** MiniDict: 'm$^去$
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /m̩⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

嘸
* (dialectal) to not have; to be without
* (dialectal) not
* (dialectal) no matter

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 無, 無有 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 沒有 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 沒有, 沒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 沒有, 沒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 沒有, 沒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 沒有, 沒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 沒有, 沒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 沒有 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 沒有, 沒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 沒得, 莫得, 没有 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 冇得 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 沒得, 不得 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 沒得 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 沒得 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 不有 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 不有 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 不有 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 不有 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 沒得 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 不得, 沒得 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 沒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 冇, 冇有 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 冒有, 冇 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 無 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 無 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 無 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 無 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 無 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 無 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 無 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 無 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 沒 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 沒, 沒啦 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 無 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 無 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 無 |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 無 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 無 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 無 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 無 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 無 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 無 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 無 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 無 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 無 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 無 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 無 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 無 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 無 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 無 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 無 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 無 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 無 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 無 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 無 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 嘸沒, 嘸 dated |
| Wu | Suzhou | 嘸不 |
| Wu | Danyang | 無則, 沒得 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 沒有 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 嘸不 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 唔有 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 嘸沒, 嘸 dated |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 冇 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 嘸, 嘸沒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 冇得, 冇 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 冇得 |

#### Compounds

* 嘸不 / 呒不
* 嘸介 / 呒介
* 嘸介事 / 呒介事
* 嘸介堂 / 呒介堂
* 嘸佬 / 呒佬
* 嘸告 / 呒告
* 嘸啥 / 呒啥
* 嘸啥啥 / 呒啥啥
* 嘸數 / 呒数
* 嘸數倒賬 / 呒数倒账
* 嘸數目賬 / 呒数目账
* 嘸有 / 呒有
* 嘸沒 / 呒没
* 嘸淘成 / 呒淘成
* 嘸腳活猻 / 呒脚活狲
* 嘸腳蟹 / 呒脚蟹
* 嘸郎 / 呒郎
* 嘸長進 / 呒长进

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mó (mo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mo$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mò
* Eastern Min (BUC): mŏ
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$mo
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mó
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mó
*** Wade–Giles: mo$^2$
*** Yale: mwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mo
*** Palladius: мо (mo)
*** Sinological IPA : /mu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mo$^4$
*** Yale: mòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mo$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɔː²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mò
*** Hakka Romanization System: mo$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /mo¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mŏ
*** Sinological IPA : /mu⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$mo
*** MiniDict: mo$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$mo
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mo²³/

#### Definitions

嘸
* Only used in 喃嘸／喃呒.

#### Compounds

* 喃嘸 / 喃呒
* 喃嘸佬 / 喃呒佬

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wú (wu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨˊ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bô
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wú
*** Zhuyin: ㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wú
*** Wade–Giles: wu$^2$
*** Yale: wú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wu
*** Palladius: у (u)
*** Sinological IPA : /u³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bô
*** Tâi-lô: bô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: booi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bo²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bo²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bo¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /bo²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɤ²³/

#### Definitions

嘸
* (chiefly Hokkien) Alternative form of 無 / 无 (bô, “not have”)

#### Compounds

* 嘸蝦米 / 呒虾米 (Wúxiāmǐ)
* 嘸蝦米輸入法 / 呒虾米输入法 (Wúxiāmǐ shūrùfǎ)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): m̄
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: m̄
*** Tâi-lô: m̄
*** Phofsit Daibuun: m
*** IPA (Xiamen): /m̩²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /m̩⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /m̩²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /m̩³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /m̩³³/

#### Definitions

嘸
* (Hokkien) Alternative form of 毋 (m̄, “not”)
    From: 2011, 黃永發; 吳靜慧 (lyrics and music), 為你寫的詩, performed by 秀蘭瑪雅 [Showlen Maya]
    góa ài lí, m̄ goān siong-hāi tio̍h lí [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    I love you, I don't want to hurt you

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: む (mu)
* Kan-on: ぶ (bu)
* Kun: さぞ (sazo, 嘸)
* Kanji in this term
* 嘸
* さぞ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) さぞ [sáꜜzò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [sa̠zo̞]

### Adverb

嘸(さぞ) • (sazo)
* (archaic) no doubt, certainly, surely
    さぞかっこいいだろう
       sazo kakkoii darō
       must be quite cool

#### Synonyms

* 嘸(さぞ)かし (sazokashi)
* 嘸(さぞ)や (sazoya)

### References

* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō

## Korean
### Hanja

嘸 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嘸: Hán Nôm readings: vỗ, vổ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.