# 跳

| 跳 | U+8DF3, &#36339; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8DF3 |
| ← 跲 [U+8DF2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 跴 → [U+8DF4] |

## Translingual
### Han character

跳 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口一中一人 (RMLMO), four-corner 6211$_3$, composition ⿰𧾷兆)

#### Derived characters

* 𪴁, 𬵰

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1226, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37533
* Dae Jaweon: page 1697, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3703, character 6
* Unihan data for U+8DF3

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 跳
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 挑 | *l̥ʰaːw, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːwʔ |
| 洮 | *l̥ʰaːw, *l'aːw, *lew |
| 桃 | *l'aːw |
| 逃 | *l'aːw |
| 咷 | *l'aːw, *l̥ʰeːws |
| 鼗 | *l'aːw |
| 鞉 | *l'aːw |
| 駣 | *l'aːw, *l'aːwʔ, *l'aːws, *l'ewʔ |
| 𣂁 | *sl̥ʰew |
| 脁 | *l̥ʰews |
| 晁 | *l'ew |
| 兆 | *l'ewʔ |
| 旐 | *l'ewʔ |
| 狣 | *l'ewʔ |
| 鮡 | *l'ewʔ, *l'eːw |
| 垗 | *l'ewʔ |
| 姚 | *lew |
| 珧 | *lew |
| 銚 | *lew, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːws |
| 恌 | *lew, *l̥ʰeːw |
| 烑 | *lew |
| 餆 | *lew |
| 筄 | *lews |
| 艞 | *lews |
| 佻 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːw |
| 祧 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 朓 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːwʔ |
| 庣 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 趒 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw |
| 聎 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 眺 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 覜 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 頫 | *l̥ʰeːws, *poʔ |
| 絩 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 跳 | *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw |
| 窕 | *l'eːwʔ |
| 誂 | *l'eːwʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw): semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ).

### Etymology 1

Related to 超 (OC *tʰew, “to leap onto; to leap over; to surpass”) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): tiào (tiao$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄠˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tiao$^4$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): тё (ti͡o, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): tiu$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hiau$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): tieu$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thiau / thiàu
    (Hailu, HRS): tiau$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): tiau$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): tiau$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): tiǎu
* Eastern Min (BUC): tiéu
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tiô / thiô / thiàu / tiâu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tiao$^3$ / tiou$^3$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^5$thiau / $^2$diau
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tiau$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tiào
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tiào
*** Wade–Giles: tʻiao$^4$
*** Yale: tyàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tiaw
*** Palladius: тяо (tjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: tiao$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tiao
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiau²¹³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: тё (ti͡o, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiɔː⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tiu$^3$
*** Yale: tiu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tiu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːu̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hiau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiau³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: tieu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiɛu²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thiau / thiàu
*** Hakka Romanization System: tiau / tiau$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tiau$^4$ / tiau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯au̯⁵⁵/, /tʰi̯au̯¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: tiau$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰiau¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: tiau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰiau⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: tiau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰiau⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tiǎu
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiau²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tiéu
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiɛu²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiô
*** Tâi-lô: tiô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diooi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tio¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɤ²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /tio²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiô
*** Tâi-lô: thiô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tiooi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰio¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰio²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiàu
*** Tâi-lô: thiàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tiaux
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰiau¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tʰiau²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰiau⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiâu
*** Tâi-lô: tiâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diaau
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiau¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /tiau²⁴/
* tiô - vernacular (also written as 趒);
* thiô - vernacular;
* thiàu, tiâu - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit跳 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /tʰiɑu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /tʰiau⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /tʰiɑu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /tʰiɔ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tʰiɔ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /tʰiau³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /tʰiau²⁴/ /tʰiau⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /tʰiɔ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /tʰiɔ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /tʰiɔ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /tʰiɔ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /tʰiau³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /tʰiau¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /tʰiao²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /tʰiɔ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /tʰiɔo⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /tʰiɔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /tʰiau⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /tʰiɔ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /tʰiɔ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /tʰiɔ³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /diæ¹³/ ～腳 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /tʰiɔ⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /tʰiɛ⁴²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /tʰiɔ⁴⁴/ 跛,～腳 /tʰiɔ³²⁴/ ～遠 |
| Hui | Tunxi | /tʰiu⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /tʰiau⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /tʰiaɯ⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /tʰiɛu²¹³/ 趒 |
| Hakka | Meixian | /tʰiau⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʰiɑu⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tʰiu³³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /tʰiu³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /tʰiu³³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tiau³⁵/ /tio³⁵/ ～起來 |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰiɛu²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tiau²¹/ /tʰiau⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /tʰiau²¹³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔdio³¹/ ～過 /hiau³⁵/ ～繩 |
* Middle Chinese: dew
Rime :
| Character | 跳 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 徒聊切 |
| Baxter | dew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /deu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /deu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /deu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dɛw/ |
| Li Rong | /deu/ |
| Wang Li | /dieu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱieu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tiáo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tiu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤew/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰeːws/, /*l'eːw/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 跳 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tiào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dew › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁew/ |
| English | jump |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 跳 | 跳 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 16887 | 16888 |
| Phonetic component | 兆 | 兆 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 糶 | 迢 |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ʰeːws/ | /*l'eːw/ |

#### Definitions

跳
* to jump; to leap; to hop
* to pass over; to skip; to bypass
    跳級／跳级 ― tiàojí ― to skip a grade
       Wǒ juéduì bù tiào zhème hǎotīng de OP. [Pinyin]
       I will never skip such an awesome opening.
* to beat; to palpitate; to pulsate
    心跳 ― xīntiào ― heartbeat
* to jump (into or from) so as to result in death
    跳河 ― tiàohé ― to commit suicide by jumping into a river
    跳樓／跳楼 ― tiàolóu ― to commit suicide by jumping out of a window; to jump to one's death

#### Synonyms

* (to jump): 蹦 (bèng)

#### Compounds

* 一跳八丈
* 上竄下跳 / 上窜下跳 (shàngcuànxiàtiào)
* 三級跳 / 三级跳 (sānjítiào)
* 三級跳遠 / 三级跳远 (sānjítiàoyuǎn)
* 亂跳 / 乱跳
* 仙人跳 (xiānréntiào)
* 佛跳牆 / 佛跳墙 (fótiàoqiáng)
* 兔跳
* 兩腳直跳 / 两脚直跳
* 出跳
* 嚇一跳 / 吓一跳 (xiàyītiào)
* 小醜跳梁
* 彈跳 / 弹跳 (tántiào)
* 心跳 (xīntiào)
* 心跳耳熱 / 心跳耳热
* 心驚肉跳 / 心惊肉跳 (xīnjīngròutiào)
* 心驚膽跳 / 心惊胆跳 (xīnjīngdǎntiào)
* 打跳
* 搭跳
* 撐竿跳 / 撑竿跳
* 暴跳如雷 (bàotiào-rúléi)
* 東奔西跳 / 东奔西跳
* 歡蹦亂跳 / 欢蹦乱跳 (huānbèng luàntiào)
* 歡迸亂跳 / 欢迸乱跳
* 沒圈子跳 / 没圈子跳
* 活蹦亂跳 / 活蹦乱跳 (huóbèngluàntiào)
* 狗急跳牆 / 狗急跳墙 (gǒujítiàoqiáng)
* 直跳
* 眼跳
* 老魚跳波 / 老鱼跳波 (lǎoyútiàobō)
* 耳熱眼跳 / 耳热眼跳
* 肉跳心驚 / 肉跳心惊
* 臉紅心跳 / 脸红心跳
* 莽跳
* 虎跳
* 走跳
* 赴湯跳火 / 赴汤跳火
* 起跳 (qǐtiào)
* 𧿳𧿳跳 (phu̍t-phu̍t-thiàu) (Min Nan)
* 跑跑跳跳
* 跳丸
* 跳井 (tiàojǐng)
* 跳傘 / 跳伞 (tiàosǎn)
* 跳傀儡
* 跳傘塔 / 跳伞塔
* 跳出 (tiàochū)
* 跳出火坑
* 跳判官
* 跳劍 / 跳剑
* 跳加官
* 跳動 / 跳动 (tiàodòng)
* 跳咯噔兒 / 跳咯噔儿
* 跳塔輪鍘 / 跳塔轮铡
* 跳大神 (tiàodàshén)
* 跳天撅地
* 跳天索地
* 跳彈 / 跳弹
* 跳房子 (tiào fángzi)
* 跳投
* 跳接
* 跳擋 / 跳挡
* 跳月
* 跳板 (tiàobǎn)
* 跳枝兒 / 跳枝儿
* 跳架子
* 跳梁 (tiàoliáng)
* 跳梁小丑 (tiàoliángxiǎochǒu)
* 跳棋 (tiàoqí)
* 跳槽 (tiàocáo)
* 跳樑 / 跳梁 (tiàoliáng)
* 跳樓 / 跳楼 (tiàolóu)
* 跳機 / 跳机 (tiàojī)
* 跳橋 / 跳桥 (tiàoqiáo)
* 跳樹蛙 / 跳树蛙 (tiàoshùwā)
* 跳水 (tiàoshuǐ)
* 跳水池
* 跳河 (tiàohé)
* 跳火坑
* 跳火海
* 跳灶王
* 跳牆和尚 / 跳墙和尚
* 跳牆頭 / 跳墙头
* 跳牆驀圈 / 跳墙蓦圈
* 跳班 (tiàobān)
* 跳球
* 跳百索
* 跳皮筋兒 / 跳皮筋儿
* 跳神 (tiàoshén)
* 跳神兒 / 跳神儿
* 跳票 (tiàopiào)
* 跳空
* 跳竄 / 跳窜
* 跳箱 (tiàoxiāng)
* 跳籬騙馬 / 跳篱骗马
* 跳糠籮 / 跳糠箩
* 跳級 / 跳级 (tiàojí)
* 跳索
* 跳繩 / 跳绳 (tiàoshéng)
* 跳繩兒 / 跳绳儿
* 跳脫 / 跳脱 (tiàotuō)
* 跳腳 / 跳脚 (tiàojiǎo)
* 跳腳兒 / 跳脚儿
* 跳臺 / 跳台 (tiàotái)
* 跳舞 (tiàowǔ)
* 跳船 (tiàochuán)
* 跳號 / 跳号
* 跳蚤
* 跳蚤市場 / 跳蚤市场
* 跳行 (tiàoháng)
* 跳表
* 跳豆
* 跳起來 / 跳起来
* 跳跳躥躥 / 跳跳蹿蹿
* 跳踉 (tiàoliáng)
* 跳蹋
* 跳蹬
* 跳躍 / 跳跃 (tiàoyuè)
* 跳躍比賽 / 跳跃比赛
* 跳躑 / 跳踯
* 跳躥躥 / 跳蹿蹿
* 跳車 / 跳车 (tiàochē)
* 跳進黃河洗不清 / 跳进黄河洗不清 (tiào jìn Huáng Hé xǐ bù qīng)
* 跳遠 / 跳远 (tiàoyuǎn)
* 跳遠兒 / 跳远儿
* 跳間 / 跳间 (tiàojiān)
* 跳閘 / 跳闸 (tiàozhá)
* 跳電 / 跳电
* 跳鞋
* 跳風 / 跳风
* 跳馬 / 跳马 (tiàomǎ)
* 跳馬索 / 跳马索
* 跳高 (tiàogāo)
* 跳高兒 / 跳高儿
* 跳鼓陣 / 跳鼓阵
* 跳鼠 (tiàoshǔ)
* 跳龍門 / 跳龙门
* 蹦跳 (bèngtiào)
* 蹦蹦跳跳 (bèngbèngtiàotiào)
* 迸跳
* 連跑帶跳 / 连跑带跳
* 開口跳 / 开口跳
* 闇跳 / 暗跳
* 雞飛狗跳 / 鸡飞狗跳 (jīfēigǒutiào)
* 高空彈跳 / 高空弹跳 (gāokōng tántiào)
* 高空跳傘 / 高空跳伞 (gāokōng tiàosǎn)
* 鯽跳 / 鲫跳
* 龍跳虎臥 / 龙跳虎卧

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): táo (tao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: táo
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: táo
*** Wade–Giles: tʻao$^2$
*** Yale: táu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taur
*** Palladius: тао (tao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

#### Definitions

跳
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 逃 (táo, “to flee”)

### References

* “跳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), a04016

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: じょう (jō)
* Kan-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)
* On: とう (tō)
* Kun: はねる (haneru, 跳ねる, Jōyō)、とび (tobi, 跳び)、とぶ (tobu, 跳ぶ, Jōyō)、おどる (odoru, 跳る)

#### Compounds

* 跳躍(ちょうやく) (chōyaku, “a jump, a leap”)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 跳 (MC dew). Recorded as Middle Korean 됴 (tywo) (Yale: tyo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 跳 (eumhun 뛸 도 (ttwil do))
* hanja form of 도 (“jump”)

#### Compounds

* 도량 (跳梁, doryang)
* 도량발호 (跳梁跋扈, doryangbalho)
* 도약 (跳躍, doyak)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

跳: Hán Nôm readings: khiêu, khêu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.