# Hispania
## English
### Etymology

From Latin Hispānia. Doublet of Spain.

### Proper noun

Hispania
* (historical) The Iberian Peninsula, when under the control of Ancient Rome.

#### Related terms

* Hispania Tarraconensis

#### Translations
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Latin Hispānia. Doublet of Espanja.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhispɑniɑ/, [ˈhis̠pɑ̝ˌniɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -iɑ
* Hyphenation: His‧pa‧nia

### Proper noun

Hispania
* (historical) Hispania
* (obsolete) Synonym of Espanja (“Spain”) [late 18th–19th c.]
** 1775 September, Suomalaiset Tieto-Sanomat‎, Turku: J[ohan]. C[hristopher]. Frenckell, folio 4, verso:Hiſpanian Waltakunnalla on myoͤs Sota […] Marokkon ja Alſirin Waltoja waſtan.[Hispanian valtakunnalla on myös sota […] Marokon ja Alsirin [Algeerian] valtoja vastaan.]The Kingdom of Spain too has a War, […] against the States of Morocco and Algeria.
** 1872, A[lexander]. Ed[vard]. Modeen, translated by A[leksanteri]. Rahkonen, Oppikirja Maantieteessä [Geography Textbook]‎, Vyborg: Clouberg & Co, page 111:Madrid, Hispanian pääkaupunki,Madrid, the capital of Spain,
** 1895 August 23, Uudenkaupungin Sanomat, Uusikaupunki, →ISSN, page 3:W. 1854 tarjoſiwat Yhdyswallat Kuban ſaaresta Hispanialle 120 milj. dollariaIn 1854, the United States offered Spain 120 million dollars for the island of Cuba

#### Declension

Possessive forms of Hispania (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Hispaniani
accusative
nom.
Hispaniani
gen.
Hispaniani
genitive
Hispaniani
partitive
Hispaniaani
inessive
Hispaniassani
elative
Hispaniastani
illative
Hispaniaani
adessive
Hispaniallani
ablative
Hispanialtani
allative
Hispanialleni
essive
Hispanianani
translative
Hispaniakseni
abessive
Hispaniattani
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Hispaniasi
accusative
nom.
Hispaniasi
gen.
Hispaniasi
genitive
Hispaniasi
partitive
Hispaniaasi
inessive
Hispaniassasi
elative
Hispaniastasi
illative
Hispaniaasi
adessive
Hispaniallasi
ablative
Hispanialtasi
allative
Hispaniallesi
essive
Hispanianasi
translative
Hispaniaksesi
abessive
Hispaniattasi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Hispaniamme
accusative
nom.
Hispaniamme
gen.
Hispaniamme
genitive
Hispaniamme
partitive
Hispaniaamme
inessive
Hispaniassamme
elative
Hispaniastamme
illative
Hispaniaamme
adessive
Hispaniallamme
ablative
Hispanialtamme
allative
Hispaniallemme
essive
Hispanianamme
translative
Hispaniaksemme
abessive
Hispaniattamme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Hispanianne
accusative
nom.
Hispanianne
gen.
Hispanianne
genitive
Hispanianne
partitive
Hispaniaanne
inessive
Hispaniassanne
elative
Hispaniastanne
illative
Hispaniaanne
adessive
Hispaniallanne
ablative
Hispanialtanne
allative
Hispaniallenne
essive
Hispaniananne
translative
Hispaniaksenne
abessive
Hispaniattanne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Hispaniansa
accusative
nom.
Hispaniansa
gen.
Hispaniansa
genitive
Hispaniansa
partitive
Hispaniaansa
inessive
Hispaniassaan Hispaniassansa
elative
Hispaniastaan Hispaniastansa
illative
Hispaniaansa
adessive
Hispaniallaan Hispaniallansa
ablative
Hispanialtaan Hispanialtansa
allative
Hispanialleen Hispaniallensa
essive
Hispanianaan Hispanianansa
translative
Hispaniakseen Hispaniaksensa
abessive
Hispaniattaan Hispaniattansa
instructive
comitative

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Hispania, Hispanian, Hispanic, French Hispanie, hispanique, Spanish hispano, hispánico, ultimately from Latin Hispānia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hi.spa.ˈni.a/

### Proper noun

Hispania
* Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)

#### Derived terms

* Hispaniala (“Spanish”)
* Hispaniana (“Spanish”)
* Hispaniano (“Spaniard”)

### See also

* Albania
* Andora
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belgia
* Bielorusia
* Bosnia e Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Chekia
* Chipro
* Dania
* Estonia
* Finlando
* Francia
* Germania
* Grekia
* Gruzia
* Hispania
* Hungaria
* Irlando
* Islando
* Italia
* Kazakstan
* Kosovo
* Kroatia
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lituania
* Luxemburgia
* Macedonia
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monako
* Montenegro
* Nederlando
* Norvegia
* Polonia
* Portugal
* Rumania
* Rusia
* San-Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Suedia
* Suisia
* Turkia
* Ukraina
* Unionita Rejio
* Vatikano

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* Spania, Ispania, Yspania (Medieval Latin)

### Etymology

Traditionally thought to derive from a Phoenician/Punic name *𐤀𐤉𐤔𐤐𐤍 (*ʾyšpn /⁠*ʔī šap̄ān⁠/, literally “island of the hyrax”), with elements equivalent to Hebrew אִי (ʔī, “island”) and שָׁפָן (šap̄ā́n, “hyrax”), where the Phoenicians would have thought the land's many rabbits to resemble hyraxes. This theory had some currency among Roman authors, and may explain why Hispania is depicted with rabbits on some Roman coins. But later scholars have sometimes doubted this interpretation and proposed other possible Phoenician etyma, like *𐤀𐤉 𐤑𐤐𐤍 (*ʾy ṣpn /⁠*ʔī ṣappūn⁠/, literally “island of the north”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /hisˈpaː.ni.a/, [hɪs̠ˈpäːniä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /isˈpa.ni.a/, [isˈpäːniä]

### Proper noun

Hispānia f sg (genitive Hispāniae); first declension
* Iberian Peninsula (a peninsula in Southern Europe)
** 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita XXIX.1:Eadem aestate in Hispania coortum ingens bellum conciente Ilergete Indibili nulla alia de causa quam per admirationem Scipionis contemptu imperatorum aliorum orto: eum superesse unum ducem Romanis ceteris ab Hannibale interfectis.During this summer an extensive war broke out in Spain at the instigation of Indibilis, whose sole motive was his intense admiration for Scipio which made him think lightly of other commanders. The people looked upon him as the only general the Romans had left to them, all the others having been killed by Hannibal.
* (New Latin) Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)

#### Declension

First-declension noun, singular only.

#### Related terms

* Hispānia Citerior
* Hispānia Ulterior
* Hispānicus
* Hispāniēnsis
* Hispānus

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: Ispania
* Asturian: España
* Catalan: Espanya
* Italian: Spagna
** → Albanian: Spanjë
* Occitan: Espanha
* Old French: Espaigne (see there for further descendants)
* Old Galician-Portuguese: Espanha, Espanna
** Fala: España
** Galician: España
** Portuguese: Espanha
* Old Spanish: Espanna, España
** Ladino: Espanya / איספאנייה
** Spanish: España (see there for further descendants)
* Romanian: Spania
* Romansch: Spagna
* Sardinian: Ispagna
* Sicilian: Spagna
* → Ancient Greek: Ἱσπανία (Hispanía), Σπᾱνῐ́ᾱ (Spānĭ́ā), Ἑσπᾱνῐ́ᾱ (Hespānĭ́ā)
** Greek: Ισπανία (Ispanía)
** → Old Georgian: სპანიაჲ (sṗaniay)
** ⇒ Georgian: ესპანეთი (esṗaneti)
* → Catalan: Hispània
* →? Chinese: 西班牙 (Xībānyá)
** → Korean: 서반아 (seobana)
** → Vietnamese: Tây Ban Nha
* → Dutch: Spanje
** > Afrikaans: Spanje (inherited)
* → Esperanto: Hispanio
* → Estonian: Hispaania
* → German: Hispanien
* → Ido: Hispania
* → Japanese: イスパニア
* → Norwegian Bokmål: Spania
* → Norwegian Nynorsk: Spania
* → Old English: Ispania
* → Old High German: Spānia
** Middle High German: Spāne, Spange, Spanje
*** Central Franconian:
**** Luxembourgish: Spuenien
*** German: Spanien
**** → Hunsrik: Spanje
* → Polish: Hiszpania
** → Ukrainian: Гишпа́нія (Hyšpánija)
* → Portuguese: Hispânia
** → Hindustani:
*** Urdu: ہَسْپانِیَہ (haspāniya)
** → Japanese: イスパニャ
* → Russian: Испа́ния (Ispánija), Испа́нія (Ispánija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918), (dated) Гишпа́ния (Gišpánija), (dated) Гишпа́нія (Gišpánija) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
** → Armenian: Իսպանիա (Ispania)
** ⇒ Mongolian:
*** Cyrillic script: Испани (Ispani)
*** Mongolian script: ᠢᠰᠫᠠᠨ᠋ᠢ (ispani)
* → Welsh: Sbaen

### References

* ↑ Simón, M. A., editor (2012), Ten years conserving the Iberian lynx, Junta de Andalucía, Seville: Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca y Medio Ambiente, →ISBN, page 1950:Hispania, the name that the Romans gave to the peninsular, derives from the Phoenician i-spn-ya, where the prefix i would translate as “coast”, “island” or “land”, ya as “region” and spn[,] in Hebrew saphan, as “rabbits” (in reality, hyraxes). The Romans, therefore, gave Hispania the meaning of“land abundant in rabbits”, a use adopted by Cicero, Cesar, Pliny the Elder and, in particular, Catulo, who referred to Hispania as the cuniculus peninsula.
* ↑ Azevedo, Milton (2005) Portuguese: A Linguistic Introduction, →ISBN, page 6. He calls the rabbit theory "a charming legend [...of] a Phoenician name, i-shepham-im or 'land of rabbits'".
* ↑ Dietler, Michael, López-Ruiz, Carolina (2009) Colonial Encounters in Ancient Iberia, →ISBN:Cunchillos 2000:224 [...] offers a new interpretation of the etymology of the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula, i.e., Hispania, as derived from the Northwest Semitic word meaning “island/coast” ('i) and “north” (spn), therefore “northern island, island to the north,” or else “island of the metals (root spy/h, "beat metals", etc.). Both senses would fit well with geographic perceptions that the Iberian Peninsula might have triggered for the Phoenicians.

## Swahili
### Alternative forms

* Uhispania

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Proper noun

Hispania
* Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)

#### Related terms

* Mhispania