# huma
## Bakumpai
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq.

### Noun

huma
* house

## Bikol Central
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: hu‧ma
* IPA: /huˈmaʔ/ [huˈmaʔ]

### Noun

humâ
* threat; menace
    Synonyms: kastor, patakot

#### Derived terms

* humaon
* kahumaan
* maghuma

## French
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

huma
* third-person singular past historic of humer

### Etymology 2

Clipping of humanité.

#### Noun

huma f (plural humas)
* humanity

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* uma

### Etymology

Inherited from Malay huma, from Proto-Malayic *huma(ʔ) (“farmland”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma (“farm”), from Proto-Austronesian *qumah (“swidden”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈhuma/ [ˈhu.ma]
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: hu‧ma

### Noun

huma (plural huma-huma)
* unirrigated, dry or hill rice field
* newly cleared land
* (dialectal, in general) rice field
    Synonym: sawah

#### Affixations

* berhuma (“having such land; to farm or work on such land”)
* perhuma (“to change or make into such land”)
* perhumaan

#### Compounds

* huma akuan (“private or personal land”)

### References

* Adelaar, K. A. (1992) Proto-Malayic: The reconstruction of its phonology and parts of its lexicon and morphology‎, Canberra: The Australian National University
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qumah”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Further reading

* “huma” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Verb

humā
* second-person singular present active imperative of humō

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *huma(ʔ) (“farmland”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma, from Proto-Austronesian *qumah (“swidden”).
First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (huma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /huma/
* (Johor-Selangor, Riau-Lingga) IPA: [humə]
* Rhymes: -uma

### Noun

huma (Jawi spelling هوما, plural huma-huma, informal 1st possessive humaku, 2nd possessive humamu, 3rd possessive humanya)
* dry or hill rice field
* newly cleared land

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* perhumaan [causative passive + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peR- + -an)
* berhuma [stative / habitual] (beR-)
* memperhumai [causative agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (mempeR- + -i)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* padi huma

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: huma

### References

* Adelaar, K. A. (1992) Proto-Malayic: The reconstruction of its phonology and parts of its lexicon and morphology‎, Canberra: The Australian National University
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qumah”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Further reading

* "huma" in Kamus Dewan, Fourth Edition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, →ISBN, 2005.
* “huma” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Maltese
### Etymology

From Arabic هُمْ (hum). Compare Moroccan Arabic هوما (hūma), Egyptian Arabic هما (humma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈuː.ma/

### Pronoun

huma
* they (third-person plural subject pronoun)

#### Inflection
## Ngaju
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀumaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ʀumaq.

### Noun

huma
* house

## Northern Sami
### Pronunciation

* (Kautokeino) IPA: /ˈhuma/

### Verb

huma
* inflection of hupmat:
** present indicative connegative
** second-person singular imperative
** imperative connegative

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

From Spanish humo.

### Noun

huma
* smoke

## Portuguese
### Article

huma
* Obsolete spelling of uma.

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhuma]

### Noun

huma f
* definite nominative/accusative singular of humă

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈuma/ [ˈu.ma]
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: hu‧ma

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

huma f (plural humas)
* (Chile) tamale
    Synonyms: humita, tamal

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

huma
* inflection of humar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Sundanese
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma (“farmland”), from Proto-Austronesian *qumah (“swidden”).

### Noun

huma (Sundanese script ᮠᮥᮙ)
* unirrigated rice field

### References

* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qumah”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /huˈma/ [hʊˈma]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: hu‧ma

### Noun

humá (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜓᜋ)
* response to a surprising or unexpected comment from someone

#### Derived terms

* di-makahuma
* humuma
* paghuma

#### See also

* salita
* sagot

### Anagrams

* muha

## Tswana
### Verb

huma
* to become rich

## Uneapa
### Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *quma (“clearing, swidden”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *quma, from Proto-Austronesian *qumah.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣuma/

### Noun

huma
* garden

### Further reading

* Johnston, R.L. 1982. "Proto-Kimbe and the New Guinea Oceanic hypothesis". In Halim, A., Carrington, L. and Wurm, S.A. editors. Papers from the Third International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Vol. 1: Currents in Oceanic, 59-95.