# 偄

| 偄 | U+5044, &#20548; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5044 |
| ← 偃 [U+5043] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 偅 → [U+5045] |

## Translingual
### Han character

偄 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人一月大 (OMBK), composition ⿰亻耎)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 109, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 831
* Dae Jaweon: page 233, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 188, character 7
* Unihan data for U+5044

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 陾 | *njɯ, *noːʔ |
| 腝 | *nuːs, *njonʔ, *nuːns |
| 堧 | *noːls, *njon |
| 稬 | *noːls, *noːnʔ, *noːns |
| 愞 | *noːls, *noːns, *njonʔ |
| 煗 | *noːnʔ |
| 餪 | *noːnʔ |
| 渜 | *noːnʔ, *noːns |
| 偄 | *noːns, *njonʔ |
| 瑌 | *njon, *njonʔ |
| 軟 | *njonʔ |
| 輭 | *njonʔ |
| 蝡 | *njonʔ, *njunʔ |
| 碝 | *njonʔ |
| 耎 | *njonʔ |
| 緛 | *njonʔ |
| 媆 | *nuːns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *noːns, *njonʔ): semantic 亻 + phonetic 耎 (OC *njonʔ).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ruǎn (ruan$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ruǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ruǎn
*** Wade–Giles: juan$^3$
*** Yale: rwǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: roan
*** Palladius: жуань (žuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐu̯än²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^5$
*** Yale: yúhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn¹³/
* Middle Chinese: nywenX, nwanH
Rime :
| Character | 偄 | 偄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (78) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 而兖切 | 奴亂切 |
| Baxter | nywenX | nwanH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵiuᴇn$^X$/ | /nuɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵʷiɛn$^X$/ | /nʷɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑjuæn$^X$/ | /nuɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵwian$^X$/ | /nwan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiuɛn$^X$/ | /nuɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭwɛn$^X$/ | /nuɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯wɛn$^X$/ | /nuɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ruǎn | nuàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyun$^5$ | nyun$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*noːns/, /*njonʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 偄 | 偄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 10896 | 10910 |
| Phonetic component | 耎 | 耎 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 偄 | 輭 |
| Old Chinese | /*noːns/ | /*njonʔ/ |

#### Definitions

偄
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) weak
* (historical dictionaries only) to respect

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 偄 – see 儒 (“scholar; learned person; Confucian; Ruist; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 儒).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C00210
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00253-006

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): だん (dan)、なん (nan)
* Kun: よわい (yowai)

## Korean
### Hanja

偄 • (nan, yeon) (hangeul 난, 연, revised nan, yeon, McCune–Reischauer nan, yŏn)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.