# 牽

| 牽 | U+727D, &#29309; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-727D |
| ← 牼 [U+727C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 牾 → [U+727E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

牽 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜女月手 (YVBQ), four-corner 0050$_3$, composition ⿱⿻玄冖牛)

#### Derived characters

* 𠍉, 𫫣, 撁, 𣽲, 𨼀, 𨖱, 㯠, 縴, 𧐤, 𧲀, 𨄢, 鏲

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 701, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20025
* Dae Jaweon: page 1114, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1811, character 11
* Unihan data for U+727D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 牽 | *kʰiːn, *kʰiːns |
| 縴 | *kʰiːn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰiːn, *kʰiːns): phonetic 玄 (OC *ɡʷeːn) + semantic 牛 (“cow, ox”) — leading an ox by hand.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiān (qian$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hin$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khiên / khiân
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kian$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): qie$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): kĕng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khan / khian / khen
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kang$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$chi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cian
*** Wade–Giles: chʻien$^1$
*** Yale: chyān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
*** Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hin$^1$
*** Yale: hīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiːn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiên
*** Hakka Romanization System: kien$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯en²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiân
*** Hakka Romanization System: kian$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯an²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰian⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: qie$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: kĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɛiŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khan
*** Tâi-lô: khan
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qafn
*** IPA (Zhangpu): /kʰan⁵⁵/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an): /kʰan³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰan⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khian
*** Tâi-lô: khian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qiefn
*** IPA (Zhangpu): /kʰiɛn⁵⁵/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kʰiɛn³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰiɛn⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Hui'an)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khen
*** Tâi-lô: khen
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qefn
*** IPA (Hui'an): /kʰen³³/
* khan - vernacular;
* khian/khen - literary.
* Middle Chinese: khen
Rime :
| Character | 牽 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 苦堅切 |
| Baxter | khen |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰen/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰen/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰɛn/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰen/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰien/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hin$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʰˤi[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰiːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 牽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qiān |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khen › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ʰˁi[n]/ |
| English | pull, lead, drag |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 牽 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 10175 |
| Phonetic component | 牽 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 牽 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰiːn/ |
| Notes | 古簡象引牛而非玄聲 |

#### Definitions

牽
* to drag; to pull; to lead by hand
    牽著你的手／牵着你的手 ― qiānzhe nǐ de shǒu ― holding on to your hand
    牽著一頭牛／牵着一头牛 ― qiānzhe yī tóu niú ― leading a cow
    From: 1986, 閻肅 Yan Su (lyricist) & 許鏡清 Xu Jingqing (composer),《敢問路在何方》"Dare I ask where the road is?"
    nǐ tiāo zhuó dān, wǒ qiān zhuó mǎ;...... [Pinyin]
    You carry the luggage, I lead the horse; [...]
* to involve; to drag in
* to think about (someone); to be concerned about
* to hold up; to hinder; to drag (someone)
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 了無牽掛 / 了无牵挂 (liǎowúqiānguà)
* 做牽頭 / 做牵头
* 利鎖名牽 / 利锁名牵
* 割肚牽腸 / 割肚牵肠
* 勾牽 / 勾牵
* 思惹情牽 / 思惹情牵
* 意惹情牽 / 意惹情牵
* 拘文牽俗 / 拘文牵俗
* 拉牽 / 拉牵
* 拘牽 / 拘牵
* 掛牽 / 挂牵 (guàqiān)
* 掛肚牽心 / 挂肚牵心
* 掛肚牽腸 / 挂肚牵肠
* 擎蒼牽黃 / 擎苍牵黄
* 擔酒牽羊 / 担酒牵羊
* 無所牽掛 / 无所牵挂
* 無牽無掛 / 无牵无挂 (wúqiānwúguà)
* 牽三掛四 / 牵三挂四
* 牽五掛四 / 牵五挂四
* 牽亡 / 牵亡 (qiānwáng)
* 牽亡歌 / 牵亡歌
* 牽亡陣 / 牵亡阵
* 牽伸 / 牵伸
* 牽制 / 牵制 (qiānzhì)
* 牽動 / 牵动 (qiāndòng)
* 牽合 / 牵合
* 牽合附會 / 牵合附会
* 牽就 / 牵就 (qiānjiù)
* 牽引 / 牵引 (qiānyǐn)
* 牽引機 / 牵引机
* 牽引療法 / 牵引疗法
* 牽強 / 牵强 (qiānqiǎng)
* 牽強附會 / 牵强附会 (qiānqiǎngfùhuì)
* 牽彩 / 牵彩
* 牽手 / 牵手 (qiānshǒu)
* 牽扯 / 牵扯 (qiānchě)
* 牽挺 / 牵挺
* 牽掛 / 牵挂 (qiānguà)
* 牽掣 / 牵掣 (qiānchè)
* 牽機藥 / 牵机药
* 牽涉 / 牵涉 (qiānshè)
* 牽牛 / 牵牛 (qiānniú)
* 牽牛拔樁 / 牵牛拔桩
* 牽牛星 / 牵牛星 (Qiānniúxīng)
* 牽牛織女 / 牵牛织女
* 牽牛花 / 牵牛花 (qiānniúhuā)
* 牽猴 / 牵猴 (khan-kâu) (Min Nan)
* 牽籐帶葉 / 牵藤带叶
* 牽紅線 / 牵红线
* 牽絆 / 牵绊 (qiānbàn)
* 牽累 / 牵累 (qiānlěi)
* 牽絲 / 牵丝
* 牽絲娶婦 / 牵丝娶妇
* 牽絲戲 / 牵丝戏
* 牽絲扳藤 / 牵丝扳藤
* 牽絲攀藤 / 牵丝攀藤
* 牽線 / 牵线 (qiānxiàn)
* 牽線搭橋 / 牵线搭桥
* 牽縈 / 牵萦
* 牽纏 / 牵缠
* 牽罟 / 牵罟
* 牽羊成禮 / 牵羊成礼
* 牽羊擔酒 / 牵羊担酒
* 牽肚掛腸 / 牵肚挂肠
* 牽腸割肚 / 牵肠割肚
* 牽腸掛肚 / 牵肠挂肚
* 牽蘿補屋 / 牵萝补屋
* 牽裳 / 牵裳
* 牽記 / 牵记
* 牽豬哥 / 牵猪哥
* 牽連 / 牵连 (qiānlián)
* 牽連犯 / 牵连犯 (qiānliánfàn)
* 牽頭 / 牵头 (qiāntóu)
* 牽馬 / 牵马 (qiānmǎ)
* 牽鼻子 / 牵鼻子
* 福業相牽 / 福业相牵
* 細漢偷挽匏，大漢偷牽牛 / 细汉偷挽匏，大汉偷牵牛 (sè-hàn thau bán pû, tōa-hàn thau khan gû) (Min Nan)
* 繡幙牽絲 / 绣幙牵丝
* 纏牽 / 缠牵
* 肉袒牽羊 / 肉袒牵羊
* 裡牽綿 / 里牵绵
* 順手牽羊 / 顺手牵羊 (shùnshǒuqiānyáng)
* 風牽 / 风牵
* 餼牽 / 饩牵
* 魂牽夢縈 / 魂牵梦萦 (húnqiān-mèngyíng)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiàn (qian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciàn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻien$^4$
*** Yale: chyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiann
*** Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: khenH
Rime :
| Character | 牽 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 苦甸切 |
| Baxter | khenH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰen$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰen$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɛn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰɛn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰen$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰien$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰien$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hin$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰiːns/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 牽 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 10177 |
| Phonetic component | 牽 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 俔 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰiːns/ |

#### Definitions

牽
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 縴 / 纤 (“tow rope”)

### Pronunciation 3

* Eastern Min (BUC): kèng
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: kèng
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɛiŋ⁵³/

#### Definitions

牽
* (Eastern Min) to clutch

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: けん (ken)
* Kan-on: けん (ken)
* Kun: ひく (hiku, 牽く)

## Korean
### Hanja

牽 (eumhun 당길 견 (danggil gyeon))
* hanja form of 견 (“draw, pull, attract”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

牽: Hán Nôm readings: khiên, khin
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.