# Eris
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἔρις (Éris), from ἔρις (éris, “strife”).
See also Eris (mythology) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia and Eris (dwarf planet) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɪəɹɪs/, /ˈɛɹɪs/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Proper noun

Eris
* (Greek mythology) The goddess of discord and strife, whose apple of discord sparked events that eventually led to the Trojan War; equated by Homer with Enyo (goddess of violent war) and identified with the Roman goddess Discordia; (religion, Discordianism) the same figure as principal deity of Discordianism, regarded as the goddess of disorder.
** 1992, Samuel Ijsseling, “Eros and Eris: The Trojan War and Heidegger on the Essence of Truth”, in Paul van Tongeren, Paul Sars, Chris Bremmers, Koen Boey, editors, Eros and Eris: Contributions to a Hermeneutical Phenomenology Liber Amicorum for Adriaan Peperzak, Kluwer Academic, page 2:According to Homer, the Trojan war is, above all, an affair of the gods. It is about Eris, a sister of the god of war Ares, and about Eros, not directly named by Homer, but who in the figure of Aphrodite, the god of love, plays a central role on the side of the Trojans. Eris is the one who divides gods, mortals, and things from each other; Eros is the one who brings them together.
** 1993, Herman Parret, The Aesthetics of Communication: Pragmatics and Beyond, Springer, Softcover reprint, page 18,
    Eris, "the Strife with the violent heart", one reads in Hesiod's Theogony, is a child of the Night, and "Hateful Struggle gave birth to painful Distress and Distraction and Famine and tearful Sorrow; also Wars and Battles and Murders and Slaughters; also Feuds and Lying Words and Angry Words".
** 2003, Adam Gorightly, The Prankster and the Conspiracy: The Story of Kerry Thornley and How He Met Oswald and Inspired the Counterculture, Paraview Press, page 58:According to Newport, no specific bowling alley can claim to be the site of the birth of the Discordian movement. It evolved at several different bowling alleys. This revelation came as a devastating disappointment to your humble author, who—in the course of writing this book—had planned a grand religious pilgrimage to this envisioned holy site, where I would snap sacred photos of "The Brunswick Shrine," and perhaps even fall to my knees before this fabled Mecca of Discordianism, bowing to the Goddess Eris.
** 2006, Margot Adler, Drawing Down the Moon: Witches, Druids, Goddess-worshippers, and Other Pagans in America, Penguin, page 351:And yet Erisianism should not be treated frivolously. Greg Hill told me his experiences with Eris had been quite profound. Although it started as an atheistic joke, his perceptions began to change.
* (astronomy) The celestial body 136199 Eris, the most-massive known dwarf planet in the Solar System and the largest known object in the scattered disk; formerly nicknamed Xena.
** 2013, Fred Watson, Star-Craving Mad: Tales from a Travelling Astronomer, Allen & Unwin, page 35:Today, Xena is no longer Xena but has been officially renamed Eris, after the Greek goddess of strife and discord—which hints at the climate in planetary science at the time. Its moon has a similarly appropriate name, Dysnomia (lawlessness) in Greek mythology, the daughter of Eris. Observations of Eris and Dysnomia have confirmed that Eris is 27 per cent more massive than Pluto, though of a similar diameter.
* An unincorporated community in Champaign County, Ohio, United States.

#### Usage notes

* (Greek mythology):
** Classical references to Eris apparently relate to either of two different goddesses.
*** In Homer's Iliad, Eris is equated with Enyo, goddess of violent war and sister/consort of Ares, who shares Ares' parentage: Zeus and Hera.
*** Hesiod, meanwhile, in his Works and Days, distinguishes two figures named Eris:
**** A daughter of Nyx (conceived by Nyx alone), with numerous children of her own (listed in Hesiod's Theogony);
**** Another, presumed to be the one that Homer equates with Enyo.
** For more details see Eris (mythology) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* (Discordian goddess):
** In Discordian contexts, Eris is sometimes described as the Greek goddess of chaos; strictly speaking, however, this role is attributed to her only within Discordianism, and not in Greek mythology.
* (dwarf planet):
** Due to a delay in classifying the object (ultimately, as a dwarf planet), and thus in officially naming it, it became widely known by the nickname used by the discovery team: Xena, after the titular character of the TV series Xena: Warrior Princess. Its satellite was similarly nicknamed Gabrielle, after the principal supporting character.

#### Synonyms

* (goddess): Discordia (Roman mythology)
* (dwarf planet):
** (official designation): 136199 Eris, (136199) Eris
** (alternative designations): 2003 UB313, (136199) 2003 UB313, 136199 Eris (2003 UB313) (See Provisional designation in astronomy on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
** Xena (informal, obsolete)
* (astronomy, astrology): ⯰
* (astrology): ⯱

#### Coordinate terms

* (Greek goddess): Harmonia (goddess of harmony and concord)
* (Discordian goddess): Aneris (goddess of order)
* (dwarf planet): Dysnomia (satellite)

#### Derived terms

* Eridian
* Erisian
* Erisianism
* Eris I

#### Related terms

* Aneris
* eristic

#### Translations
### See also

* apple of discord
* (most likely dwarf planets of the Solar System) Ceres, Orcus, Pluto, Haumea, Quaoar, Makemake, Gonggong, Eris, Sedna

### Further reading

* Eris (mythology) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
** Judgement of Paris on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Discordianism on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Eris (dwarf planet) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* IAU definition of planet on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* List of most distant trans-Neptunian objects on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Eris in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

### Anagrams

* EIRs, Iser, SIer, Seri, eirs, ires, reis, rise, sire

## Albanian
### Etymology

From erë (“wind”), probably contaminated with Ancient Greek ἔρις (éris, “strife”).

### Proper noun

Eris m
* a male given name

#### Declension
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἔρις (Éris).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛrɪs]
* Hyphenation: Eris

### Proper noun

Eris f (relational adjective Eridin)
* (Greek mythology) Eris, the goddess of discord, confusion, and strife
** 2014, Rudolf Mertlík, Příběhy Odysseovy‎, Praha: Albatros, →ISBN, page 9:Ve svatební síni se shromáždili všichni nebešťané kromě Eridy, bohyně sváru. Svatebčané se chtěli nerušeně radovat […] Proto Eridu nepozvali, neboť kam ona vkročí, tam vznikají spory a hádky. Eris jim však urážku neodpustila.All the heaven-borns besides Eris gathered in the wedding hall. The wedding guests did not want to be disturb while rejoicing […] That was why they had not invited Eris, because there arise quarrels and conflicts where she enters. However, Eris did not forgive them the offence.

#### Derived terms

* Eridino jablko

### Proper noun

Eris f (indeclinable)
* (astronomy) Eris, a dwarf planet and a large Kuiper belt object
** 2017 October 12, “Jako šišatý Saturn. Vědci našli u trpasličí planety Haumea prstenec”, in Česká televize.cz‎:Haumea byla uznána Mezinárodní astronomickou unií v roce 2008 a je jednou z pěti trpasličích planet vedle Pluta, Ceres, Eris a Makemake.Haumea was acknowledged by the International Astronomical Union in 2008 and is one of the five dwarf planets together with Pluto, Ceres, Eris and Makemake.

### Further reading

* “Eris”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “Eris”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Eris f (proper noun, genitive Eris)
* (astronomy) Eris (dwarf planet)

## Italian
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἔρις (Éris).

### Proper noun

Eris f
* (Greek mythology) Eris

### Anagrams

* IRES, ersi, resi, rise, seri, sire

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Eris.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛ.ris/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛris
* Syllabification: E‧ris

### Proper noun

Eris f (indeclinable)
* (Greek mythology) Eris (Greek goddess of discord and strife, whose apple of discord sparked events that eventually led to the Trojan War)
    Synonym: Eryda
* Eris (dwarf planet)

### See also

Solar System in Polish · Układ Słoneczny (layout · text) :
| Star | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce | Słońce |
| IAU planets and notable dwarf planets | Merkury | Wenus | Ziemia | Mars | Ceres | Jowisz | Saturn | Uran | Neptun | Pluton | — |
| Notable moons | — | — | Księżyc | Fobos Deimos | — | Io Europa Ganimedes Kallisto | Mimas Enceladus Tetyda Dione Rea Tytan Japet | Miranda Ariel Umbriel Tytania Oberon | Tryton | Charon | — |

### Further reading

* Eris in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Eris in PWN's encyclopedia

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈeɾis/ [ˈe.ɾis]
* Rhymes: -eɾis
* Syllabification: E‧ris

### Proper noun

Eris m
* (Greek mythology) Eris (Greek goddess)
* (astronomy) Eris (dwarf planet)

### Proper noun

Eris f
* a female given name

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈɛrɪs/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈeːrɪs/, /ʊˈɛrɪs/
* Rhymes: -eːrɪs

### Proper noun

Eris m
* (Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Eris
* (astronomy) Eris

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### See also

Solar System in Welsh · Cysawd yr Haul (layout · text) :
| Star | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul | yr Haul |
| IAU planets and notable dwarf planets | Mercher | Gwener | y Ddaear | Mawrth | Ceres | Iau | Sadwrn | Wranws | Neifion | Plwton | Eris |
| Notable moons | — | — | y Lleuad | Phobos Deimos | — | Io Ewropa Ganymede Callisto | Mimas Enceladws Tethys Dione Rhea Titan Iapetws | Miranda Ariel Umbriel Titania Oberon | Triton | Charon | Dysnomia |

### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “Eris”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies