# 型

| 型 | U+578B, &#22411; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-578B |
| ← 垊 [U+578A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 垌 → [U+578C] |
| 型 | U+2F855, &#194645; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F855 |
| ← 堍 [U+2F854] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 堲 → [U+2F856] |

## Translingual
### Han character

型 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一弓土 (MNG), four-corner 1210$_4$, composition ⿱刑土)

#### Derived characters

* 𣕭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 227, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5030
* Dae Jaweon: page 463, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 436, character 11
* Unihan data for U+578B
* Unihan data for U+2F855

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 型
* Warring States
* Chu slip and silk script
| | Old Chinese |
| 硎 | *kʰreːŋ, *ɡeːŋ |
| 耕 | *kreːŋ |
| 荊 | *keŋ |
| 井 | *skeŋʔ |
| 丼 | *kl'oːmʔ, *skeŋʔ |
| 妌 | *sɡeŋʔ |
| 穽 | *sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs |
| 阱 | *sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs |
| 汫 | *sɡeːŋʔ |
| 刑 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 形 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 邢 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 鉶 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 型 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 侀 | *ɡeːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡeːŋ): phonetic 刑 (OC *ɡeːŋ) + semantic 土 (“earth”) – an earthen mold, hence form, pattern.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xíng (xing$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jing$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hìn
* Eastern Min (BUC): hìng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hing$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hêng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hêng$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$yin / $^2$yin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: síng
*** Wade–Giles: hsing$^2$
*** Yale: syíng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyng
*** Palladius: син (sin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jing$^4$
*** Yale: yìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jing$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ying$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: hin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /hin¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hìng
*** Sinological IPA : /hiŋ⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hing$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêng
*** Tâi-lô: hîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: heeng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪŋ²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hêng
*** Sinological IPA : /heŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$yin
*** MiniDict: yin$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦin²³/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^2$yin
*** MiniDict: yin$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ɦin²²³/
* Middle Chinese: heng
Rime :
| Character | 型 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 戸經切 |
| Baxter | heng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦeŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦeŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣeŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣieŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣieŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xíng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jing$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡeːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 型 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6865 |
| Phonetic component | 井 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 㓝 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡeːŋ/ |
| Notes | 井轉註字 |

### Definitions

型
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) mold
* model; type; style; pattern
    血型 ― xuèxíng ― blood type
    表現型／表现型 ― biǎoxiànxíng ― phenotype
    基因型 ― jīyīnxíng ― genotype
* (Cantonese) stylish; cool

#### Compounds

* C型肝炎
* 丙型肝炎 (bǐngxíng gānyán)
* 中型 (zhōngxíng)
* 人口轉型 / 人口转型
* 公路類型 / 公路类型
* 典型 (diǎnxíng)
* 典型人物
* 典型作風 / 典型作风
* 典型足式
* 原型 (yuánxíng)
* 反叛型
* 句型 (jùxíng)
* 型別轉換 / 型别转换
* 型式 (xíngshì)
* 型態 / 型态 (xíngtài)
* 型男 (xíngnán)
* 型號 / 型号 (xínghào)
* 型鋼 / 型钢
* 型錄 / 型录 (xínglù)
* 外型 (wàixíng)
* 大型 (dàxíng)
* 大型企業 / 大型企业 (dàxíng qǐyè)
* 大型家電 / 大型家电
* 大型油輪 / 大型油轮
* 大型節目 / 大型节目
* 大型電腦 / 大型电脑
* 大帶型 / 大带型
* 定型 (dìngxíng)
* 小型 (xiǎoxíng)
* 小型報 / 小型报
* 小型股
* 巨型 (jùxíng)
* 微型 (wēixíng)
* 心型
* 意識型態 / 意识型态
* 成型 (chéngxíng)
* 手型
* 扮型
* 整型
* 整型外科
* 新型 (xīnxíng)
* 林型
* 核型 (héxíng)
* 模型 (móxíng)
* 模型玩具 (móxíng wánjù)
* 模型飛機 / 模型飞机
* 步型
* 流線型 / 流线型 (liúxiànxíng)
* 熱定型 / 热定型
* 特型演員 / 特型演员
* 生活型態 / 生活型态 (shēnghuó xíngtài)
* 石膏模型 (shígāo móxíng)
* 碟型天線 / 碟型天线
* 網路型錄 / 网路型录
* 線型函數 / 线型函数
* 臉型 / 脸型 (liǎnxíng)
* 臺型 / 台型 (táixíng)
* 舊型 / 旧型
* 蠟原型 / 蜡原型
* 血型 (xuèxíng)
* 身型
* 轉型 / 转型 (zhuǎnxíng)
* 轉型期 / 转型期
* 造型 (zàoxíng)
* 重型 (zhòngxíng)
* 雛型 / 雏型 (chúxíng)
* 題型 / 题型
* 類型 / 类型 (lèixíng)
* 體型 / 体型 (tǐxíng)
* 髮型 / 发型 (fàxíng)

### References

* “型”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “型”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 265.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)
* mold, pattern
* type, model, style

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
* Kan-on: けい (kei, Jōyō)
* On: ケイ (kei, Jōyō)
* Kun: かた (kata, 型, Jōyō)、がた (gata, 型)

#### Compounds

* 模(も)型(けい) (mokei)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 型
* かた Grade: 5
* kun'yomi
Noun senses are attested from the 8th century, with suffix use later. See 形(かた) (kata). Compare also 姿(すがた) (sugata, “appearance, likeness”), 模(かたぎ) (katagi, “model, pattern, template”).

### Noun

型(かた) • (kata)
* a style, a type
* a mold, a pattern, a template
* (martial arts) kata (choreographed training exercises)
* (noh, kabuki) a particular style of stage movement or choreography
* a convention, a standardized form or style
* screen size (of a television, computer monitor, etc.) in inches
    32型(かた)テレビ ― sanjū-ni kata terebi ― a 32-inch television

### Suffix

型(がた) • (-gata)
* type
    血液(けつえき)型(がた) ― ketsueki-gata ― blood type
* shape, pattern, likeness
    Synonym: 形 (-gata)
    ハート型(がた) ― hāto-gata ― heart-shaped

### See also

* 型 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{ja}$
* Kata on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### References

* 1 2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

型 (eum 형 (hyeong))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

型: Hán Việt readings: hình
型: Nôm readings: hình
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* Nom Foundation