# 雜

| 雜 | U+96DC, &#38620; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96DC |
| ← 雛 [U+96DB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 雝 → [U+96DD] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 雜 |
| Shinjitai | 雑 |
| Simplified | 杂 |

### Han character

雜 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 卜木人土 (YDOG), four-corner 0091$_4$, composition ⿰𰗣隹)

#### Descendants

* 雑, 杂

#### Derived characters

* 囃, 𢹼, 𤄖, 𣠥, 𥗭, 䕹, 𥷩, 𭟦, 𣠛, 𥗱

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1368, character 40
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42122
* Dae Jaweon: page 1874, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4106, character 1
* Unihan data for U+96DC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 雜 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 雜 | *zuːb |
| 磼 | *zuːb |
| 囃 | *sʰoːb |
| 鏶 | *zob, *zub |
| 穕 | *zob |
| 潗 | *ʔsub |
| 集 | *zub |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zuːb): semantic 衣 + phonetic 集 (OC *zub) with an original reference to a combination of various colours put together, perhaps linked to dyed clothes. A more comprehensible variant is 襍.

### Etymology

Cognate with 集 (OC *zub, “to gather; to collect”) (Schuessler, 2007). Note similarities to Burmese သုပ် (sup, “to mix ingredients”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zá (za$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄗㄚˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): za$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zaap$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): dap$^5$ / dap$^{5*}$
* Gan (Wiktionary): zat$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chha̍p
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cab$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zah$^5$
* Northern Min (KCR): cà
* Eastern Min (BUC): căk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zah$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): cha̍p
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zab$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$zeq / $^8$dzeq / $^8$zeoq / $^8$zaq / $^8$dzaq / $^8$zaeq / $^8$dzaeq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): za$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zá
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zá
*** Wade–Giles: tsa$^2$
*** Yale: dzá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzar
*** Palladius: цза (cza)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sä³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: za$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: za
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sa²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaap$^6$
*** Yale: jaahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːp̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: dap$^5$ / dap$^{5*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /tap̚³²/, /tap̚³²⁻³²⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: zat$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sat̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chha̍p
*** Hakka Romanization System: cab
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰap̚⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰap̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zah$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡saʔ⁵⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cà
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sa⁴²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: căk
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zah$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zah$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cha̍p
*** Tâi-lô: tsa̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zap
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sap̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sap̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zab$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsa̍p
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sap̚⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang)
*** Wugniu: $^8$zeq
*** MiniDict: zeh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$zeq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zəʔ¹²/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiading): /zəʔ¹²/
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /zəʔ²²/
** (Northern: Chongming)
*** Wugniu: $^8$dzeq
*** MiniDict: dzeh$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Chongming): /d͡zəʔ²/
** (Northern: Shaoxing)
*** Wugniu: $^8$zeoq
*** MiniDict: zeoh$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /zəʔ²³/
** (Northern: Shanghai, Changzhou, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Ningbo)
*** Wugniu: $^8$zaq
*** MiniDict: zah$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$zaq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zaʔ¹²/
*** Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /zaʔ²³/
*** Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /zaʔ²²/
*** Sinological IPA (Haining): /zaʔ²²/
*** Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /zaʔ²²/
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /zɐʔ¹²/
** (Northern: Ningbo)
*** Wugniu: $^8$dzaq
*** MiniDict: dzah$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /d͡zɐʔ¹²/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^8$zaeq
*** MiniDict: zaeh$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zaʔ²³/
** (Northern: Chongming)
*** Wugniu: $^8$dzaeq
*** MiniDict: dzaeh$^入$
*** Sinological IPA (Chongming): /d͡zæʔ²/
* $^8$dzaq (Ningbonese) — Literary;
* $^8$dzaeq (Chongmingnese) — Literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit雜 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sa³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡sa²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sɑ⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡sa⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡sa⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡sa⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sa²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡sa²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡sa¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡sa⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡sa⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sa²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡sa³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡sa²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡sa̠³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡sɑʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡sɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡saʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡sʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡saʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zaʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /zɑʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zø²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰa²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sʰɔ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sa²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡sɒ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡saʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰap̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /t͡sʰɑp̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sap̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sap̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sap̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sap̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡saʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sa⁴²/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sap̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ta³³/ /tap̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: dzop
Rime :
| Character | 雜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 合 (160) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徂合切 |
| Baxter | dzop |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡zʌp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡zəp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zɒp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zəp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡zᴀp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zɒp̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱăp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zá |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zaap$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤ[u]p/
    (Zhengzhang): /*zuːb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 雜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zá |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzop › |
| Old Chinese | /*[dz]ˁ[u]p/ |
| English | mixed |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 雜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5748 |
| Phonetic component | 集 |
| Rime group | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 雜 |
| Old Chinese | /*zuːb/ |

### Definitions

雜
* miscellaneous; mixed
    雜貨／杂货 ― záhuò ― miscellaneous goods
       Zhèlǐ mài de dōngxi hěn zá. [Pinyin]
       They sell all sorts of stuff here.
* extra; irregular
    雜項／杂项 ― záxiàng ― miscellaneous items (apart from the main item)
    雜牌軍／杂牌军 ― zápáijūn ― ragtag troops; miscellaneous troops
* (Cantonese, of a place) having all kinds of people, especially bad people (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
       ni$^1$ gei$^2$ tiu$^4$ gaai$^1$ je$^6$ maan$^5$ hou$^2$ zaap$^6$. [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Cantonese) entrails for food
    牛雜／牛杂 [Cantonese] ― ngau$^4$ zaap$^6$ [Jyutping] ― beef entrails
* to mix

#### Synonyms

* (with bad people): 品流複雜／品流复杂

### Compounds

* 不雜 / 不杂
* 亂雜 / 乱杂 (luànzá)
* 五方雜厝 / 五方杂厝
* 五方雜處 / 五方杂处 (wǔfāngzáchǔ)
* 人多口雜 / 人多口杂 (rénduōkǒuzá)
* 人多嘴雜 / 人多嘴杂 (rénduōzuǐzá)
* 人多手雜 / 人多手杂
* 元雜劇 / 元杂剧
* 光碟雜誌 / 光碟杂志
* 內地雜居 / 内地杂居
* 八雜 / 八杂 (bāzá)
* 冗雜 / 冗杂 (rǒngzá)
* 刮刮雜雜 / 刮刮杂杂
* 勤雜人員 / 勤杂人员
* 南雜劇 / 南杂剧
* 參雜 / 参杂
* 叢雜 / 丛杂 (cóngzá)
* 吵雜 / 吵杂
* 嘈雜 / 嘈杂 (cáozá)
* 囂雜 / 嚣杂
* 大雜燴 / 大杂烩 (dàzáhuì)
* 大雜院 / 大杂院 (dàzáyuàn)
* 夾雜 / 夹杂 (jiāzá)
* 媚笑雜樣 / 媚笑杂样
* 工藝雜流 / 工艺杂流
* 龐雜 / 庞杂 (pángzá)
* 心雜音 / 心杂音 (xīnzáyīn)
* 打雜 / 打杂 (dǎzá)
* 打雜的 / 打杂的 (dǎzáde)
* 拉拉雜雜 / 拉拉杂杂
* 拉雜 / 拉杂 (lāzá)
* 揉雜 / 揉杂
* 摻雜 / 掺杂 (chānzá)
* 攙雜 / 搀杂 (chānzá)
* 新聞雜誌 / 新闻杂志
* 有性雜交 / 有性杂交
* 樂府雜錄 / 乐府杂录
* 殽雜 / 淆杂
* 水陸雜陳 / 水陆杂陈
* 沓雜 / 沓杂
* 混雜 / 混杂
* 淆雜 / 淆杂
* 淩雜米鹽 / 凌杂米盐
* 火雜雜 / 火杂杂
* 煩雜 / 烦杂 (fánzá)
* 牛雜 / 牛杂 (niúzá)
* 狗雜種 / 狗杂种 (gǒuzázhǒng)
* 猱雜 / 猱杂
* 獶雜 / 獶杂
* 獿雜 / 獿杂
* 玍雜子 / 玍杂子
* 疑難雜症 / 疑难杂症 (yínán zázhèng)
* 眼皮兒雜 / 眼皮儿杂
* 種間雜交 / 种间杂交
* 糅雜 / 糅杂 (róuzá)
* 紛紜雜沓 / 纷纭杂沓
* 紛雜 / 纷杂 (fēnzá)
* 經義雜記 / 经义杂记
* 網上雜誌 / 网上杂志
* 網路雜誌 / 网路杂志
* 繁雜 / 繁杂 (fánzá)
* 羼雜 / 羼杂 (chànzá)
* 舛雜 / 舛杂
* 良莠淆雜 / 良莠淆杂
* 苛捐雜稅 / 苛捐杂税 (kējuānzáshuì)
* 苛雜 / 苛杂
* 蕪雜 / 芜杂 (wúzá)
* 複雜 / 复杂
* 襲雜 / 袭杂
* 西京雜記 / 西京杂记
* 迭見雜出 / 迭见杂出
* 酉陽雜俎 / 酉阳杂俎
* 錯綜複雜 / 错综复杂 (cuòzōngfùzá)
* 錯雜 / 错杂 (cuòzá)
* 門無雜賓 / 门无杂宾
* 開元雜報 / 开元杂报
* 間雜 / 间杂 (jiànzá)
* 閒雜人等 / 闲杂人等
* 阿郎雜碎 / 阿郎杂碎
* 雜七雜八 / 杂七杂八 (záqīzábā)
* 雜亂 / 杂乱 (záluàn)
* 雜亂無章 / 杂乱无章 (záluàn wú zhāng)
* 雜事 / 杂事 (záshì)
* 雜交 / 杂交 (zájiāo)
* 雜俎 / 杂俎
* 雜八湊兒 / 杂八凑儿
* 雜劇 / 杂剧 (zájù)
* 雜務 / 杂务 (záwù)
* 雜厝 / 杂厝
* 雜史 / 杂史
* 雜名 / 杂名
* 雜合菜 / 杂合菜
* 雜合麵兒 / 杂合面儿
* 雜婚 / 杂婚 (záhūn)
* 雜學 / 杂学 (záxué)
* 雜家 / 杂家
* 雜居 / 杂居 (zájū)
* 雜工 / 杂工 (zágōng)
* 雜廁 / 杂厕
* 雜志 / 杂志 (zázhì)
* 雜念 / 杂念 (zániàn)
* 雜感 / 杂感 (zágǎn)
* 雜技 / 杂技 (zájì)
* 雜拌兒 / 杂拌儿
* 雜文 / 杂文 (záwén)
* 雜書 / 杂书
* 雜果 / 杂果 (záguǒ)
* 雜板令 / 杂板令
* 雜沓 / 杂沓 (zátà)
* 雜流 / 杂流
* 雜湊 / 杂凑 (zácòu)
* 雜然 / 杂然
* 雜燴 / 杂烩 (záhuì)
* 雜燴湯 / 杂烩汤
* 雜牌 / 杂牌 (zápái)
* 雜牌軍 / 杂牌军 (zápáijūn)
* 雜物 / 杂物 (záwù)
* 雜當 / 杂当
* 雜症 / 杂症 (zázhèng)
* 雜碎 / 杂碎 (zásuì)
* 雜稅 / 杂税 (záshuì)
* 雜種 / 杂种 (zázhǒng)
* 雜種優勢 / 杂种优势
* 雜糅 / 杂糅 (záróu)
* 雜糧 / 杂粮 (záliáng)
* 雜耍 / 杂耍 (záshuǎ)
* 雜職 / 杂职
* 雜肥 / 杂肥
* 雜膾 / 杂脍
* 雜興 / 杂兴
* 雜色 / 杂色 (zásè)
* 雜草 / 杂草 (zácǎo)
* 雜草叢生 / 杂草丛生
* 雜著 / 杂著 (zázhù)
* 雜處 / 杂处 (záchǔ)
* 雜襲 / 杂袭
* 雜覽 / 杂览
* 雜言 / 杂言
* 雜言詩 / 杂言诗
* 雜記 / 杂记
* 雜訊 / 杂讯 (záxùn)
* 雜評 / 杂评
* 雜說 / 杂说
* 雜誌 / 杂志 (zázhì)
* 雜貨 / 杂货 (záhuò)
* 雜貨店 / 杂货店 (záhuòdiàn)
* 雜費 / 杂费 (záfèi)
* 雜質 / 杂质 (zázhì)
* 雜趁 / 杂趁
* 雜遝 / 杂遝 (zátà)
* 雜錯 / 杂错
* 雜院兒 / 杂院儿
* 雜陳 / 杂陈
* 雜霸 / 杂霸
* 雜音 / 杂音 (záyīn)
* 雜項 / 杂项 (záxiàng)
* 雜食性 / 杂食性 (záshíxìng)
* 雜麵 / 杂面
* 雲仙雜記 / 云仙杂记
* 電子雜誌 / 电子杂志
* 駁雜 / 驳杂 (bózá)
* 駢肩雜遝 / 骈肩杂遝
* 魚龍混雜 / 鱼龙混杂 (yúlónghùnzá)
* 龍蛇混雜 / 龙蛇混杂 (lóngshéhùnzá)
* 龍蛇渾雜 / 龙蛇浑杂
* 龍蛇雜處 / 龙蛇杂处

### References

* “雜”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “杂”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 297.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 雑 |
| Kyūjitai | 雜 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 雑)
* mixed
* blended
* mix
* mingle

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぞう (zō)
* Kan-on: そう (sō)
* Kan’yō-on: ざつ (zatsu)、ぞう (zō)
* Kun: まじる (majiru, 雜る)、まじえる (majieru, 雜える)
* Nanori: さい (sai)

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕa̠p̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [잡]

### Hanja

Wikisource 雜 (eumhun 섞일 잡 (seokkil jap))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

雜: Hán Nôm readings: tạp, xạp, tọp
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.