# 預備
## Chinese
### Etymology

Taiwanese Hokkien pronunciations of 預備 / 预备 (iú-bih, ió-bih) are from Japanese 予備(よび) (yobi).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yùbèi
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ ㄅㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu$^6$ bei$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yi-phi
    (Hailu, HRS): rhi$^˖$ pi$^˖$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ū-pī / īr-pī / ī-pī / ió-bih / iú-bih
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yu-be
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yùbèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˋ ㄅㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yùbèi
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^4$-pei$^4$
*** Yale: yù-bèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuhbey
*** Palladius: юйбэй (jujbɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^6$ bei$^6$
*** Yale: yuh beih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^6$ bei$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^6$ béi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²² pei̯²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi-phi
*** Hakka Romanization System: i pi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^4$ pi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /i⁵⁵ pʰi⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi-phi
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)i pi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^4$ pi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i⁵⁵ pʰi⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhi$^˖$ pi$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒi³³ pʰi³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ū-pī
*** Tâi-lô: ū-pī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: uxpi
*** IPA (Taipei): /u³³⁻¹¹ pi³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /u²²⁻²¹ pi²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: īr-pī
*** Tâi-lô: īr-pī
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ⁴¹⁻²² pi⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī-pī
*** Tâi-lô: ī-pī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ixpi
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /i³³⁻²¹ pi³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /i²²⁻²¹ pi²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ió-bih
*** Tâi-lô: ió-bih
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ioy'biq
*** IPA (Taipei): /io⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ biʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iú-bih
*** Tâi-lô: iú-bih
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iw'biq
*** IPA (Taipei): /iu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ biʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ biʔ³²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$yu-be
*** MiniDict: yu$^去$ be
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhy-be
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦy²² be⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: yoH bijH
Rime :
| Character | 預 | 備 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 脂 (17) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 羊洳切 | 平祕切 |
| Baxter | yoH | bijH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨʌ$^H$/ | /bˠiɪ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɔ$^H$/ | /bᵚi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iɔ$^H$/ | /biɪ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨə̆$^H$/ | /bji$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /iɔ$^H$/ | /bji$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭo$^H$/ | /bi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wo$^H$/ | /bʱi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yù | bì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^6$ | bei$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*las brɯɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 備 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bèi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bij$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b]rək-s/ |
| English | complete (adj.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 預 | 備 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 15740 | 426 |
| Phonetic component | 予 | 備 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 代 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 豫 | 備 |
| Old Chinese | /*las/ | /*brɯɡs/ |

### Verb

預備
* to prepare; to get ready; to make ready
       Gèjiùgèwèi, yùbèi, pǎo! [Pinyin]
       On your marks, get set, go!
    From: 1995, Why Not (lyricist 陳民轅), 無法度按捺
    lí kám-kak put-lû iú-bih kúi ê khòaⁿ-māi [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (literary) to guard against; to take precautions against

#### Synonyms

* (to prepare):
* 候防 (Puxian Min)
* 備辦 / 备办 (bèibàn)
* 傳 / 传 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
* 商量 (shāngliàng) (Classical Chinese)
* 張羅 / 张罗
* 準備 / 准备 (zhǔnbèi)
* 籌備 / 筹备 (chóubèi)
* 醞釀 / 酝酿 (yùnniàng) (figurative)
* (to guard against):
* 候防 (Puxian Min)
* 免除 (miǎnchú)
* 嚴防 / 严防 (yánfáng)
* 戒備 / 戒备 (jièbèi)
* 提防
* 謹防 / 谨防 (jǐnfáng)
* 避 (bì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 避免 (bìmiǎn)
* 防 (fáng)
* 防備 / 防备 (fángbèi)
* 防止 (fángzhǐ)
* 防範 / 防范 (fángfàn)
* 阻止 (zǔzhǐ)
* 預防 / 预防 (yùfáng)

#### Derived terms

* 預備役 / 预备役 (yùbèiyì)
* 預備金 / 预备金
* 預備隊 / 预备队 (yùbèiduì)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 予備(よび) (yobi)
* → Korean: 예비(豫備) (yebi)
* → Vietnamese: dự bị (預備)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 預 | 備 |
| よ Grade: 6 | び Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 預備 – see the following entry. :
| 【予備よび】 | [noun] reserve (that which is reserved, or kept back, as for future use), spare, preliminaries |
(This term, 預備, is an alternative spelling (obsolete) of the above term.) :