# падеж
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic падежь (padežĭ, “case”), a calque of Latin cāsus. By surface analysis, па́дам (pádam, “to fall”) +‎ -еж (-ež), from Proto-Slavic *padežь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɐˈdɛʃ]

### Noun

паде́ж • (padéž) m (relational adjective паде́жен)
* (dated) fall, crumbling
* (grammar) case
* (finance) date of payment, redemption date

#### Declension
### References

* “падеж”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “падеж”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Komi-Zyrian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian падеж (padež).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈɟeʒ/, [päˈɟeʒ̺]
* Hyphenation: па‧деж

### Noun

падеж • (paďež)
* (grammar) case

#### Declension

Possessive declension of падеж :

#### Synonyms

* вежлӧг (vežlög)

#### Derived terms

* воан падеж (voan paďež)

### References

* L. M. Beznosikova, E. A. Ajbabina, R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 475

## Kumyk
### Etymology

From Russian паде́ж (padéž).

### Noun

падеж • (padej)
* (grammar) case
    Synonym: гелиш (geliş)
** 2016 October 28, Бабаюртну янгылыкълары‎:Табасаран тил дюньяда чинк де кёп падежлери бар тиллерине гире.Tabasaran til dünʹyada çink de köp padejleri bar tillerine gire.Tabasaran is one of the languages with the most number of cases in the world.

#### Declension

| | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | падеж (padej) | падежлер (padejler) |
| accusative | падежни (padejni) | падежлени (padejleni) |
| dative | падежге (padejge) | падежлеге (padejlege) |
| locative | падежде (padejde) | падежлерде (padejlerde) |
| ablative | падежден (padejden) | падежлерден (padejlerden) |
| genitive | падежни (padejni) | падежлени (padejleni) |
| 1sg | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | падежим (padejim) | падежлерим (padejlerim) |
| accusative | падежимни (padejimni) | падежлеримни (padejlerimni) |
| dative | падежимге (padejimge) | падежлериме (padejlerime) |
| locative | падежимде (padejimde) | падежлеримде (padejlerimde) |
| ablative | падежимден (padejimden) | падежлеримден (padejlerimden) |
| genitive | падежимни (padejimni) | падежлеримни (padejlerimni) |
| 1pl | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | падежибиз (padejibiz) | падежлерибиз (padejleribiz) |
| accusative | падежибизни (padejibizni) | падежлерибизни (padejleribizni) |
| dative | падежибизге (padejibizge) | падежлерибизге (padejleribizge) |
| locative | падежибизде (padejibizde) | падежлерибизде (padejleribizde) |
| ablative | падежибизден (padejibizden) | падежлерибизден (padejleribizden) |
| genitive | падежибизни (padejibizni) | падежлерибизни (padejleribizni) |
| 2sg | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | падежинг (padejiñ) | падежлеринг (padejleriñ) |
| accusative | падежингни (padejiñni) | падежлерингни (padejleriñni) |
| dative | падежинге (padejiñe) | падежлеринге (padejleriñe) |
| locative | падежингде (padejiñde) | падежлерингде (padejleriñde) |
| ablative | падежингден (padejiñden) | падежлерингден (padejleriñden) |
| genitive | падежингни (padejiñni) | падежлерингни (padejleriñni) |
| 2pl | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | падежигиз (padejigiz) | падежлеригиз (padejlerigiz) |
| accusative | падежигизни (padejigizni) | падежлеригизни (padejlerigizni) |
| dative | падежигизге (padejigizge) | падежлеригизге (padejlerigizge) |
| locative | падежигизде (padejigizde) | падежлеригизде (padejlerigizde) |
| ablative | падежигизден (padejigizden) | падежлерибизден (padejleribizden) |
| genitive | падежигизни (padejigizni) | падежлеригизни (padejlerigizni) |
| 3 | Singular | Plural |
| nominative | падежи (padeji) | падежлери (padejleri) |
| accusative | падежин (padejin) | падежлерин (padejlerin) |
| dative | падежине (padejine) | падежлерине (padejlerine) |
| locative | падежинде (padejinde) | падежлеринде (padejlerinde) |
| ablative | падежинден (padejinden) | падежлеринден (padejlerinden) |
| genitive | падежини (padejini) | падежлерини (padejlerini) |

### See also

* Category:kum:Grammatical cases

### Further reading

* Бамматов Б.Г., editor (2013), “падеж”, in Кумыкско-русский словарь [Kumyk–Russian dictionary], Makhachkala: ИЯЛИ ДНЦ РАН

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *padežь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpadɛʃ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

падеж • (padež) m (relational adjective падежен)
* (grammar) case

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “падеж” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu
* “падеж” in Официјален дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Oficijalen digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) − makedonski.gov.mk (in Macedonian)
* падеж in Makedonisch Info (germansko-makedonski rečnik, makedonsko-germanski rečnik)

## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic падежь (padežĭ), from Proto-Slavic *padežь. Doublet of падёж (padjóž), the inherited East Slavic form.
The sense of “grammatical case” is a calque of Latin cāsus, which is also derived from the verb for falling, cadō (and is itself a calque from Ancient Greek πτῶσις (ptôsis)). Compare Bulgarian паде́ж (padéž), Serbo-Croatian padež.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɐˈdʲeʂ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

паде́ж • (padéž) m inan (genitive падежа́, nominative plural падежи́, genitive plural падеже́й, relational adjective паде́жный)
* (grammar) case

#### Derived terms

* имени́тельный паде́ж (imenítelʹnyj padéž, “nominative case”)
* роди́тельный паде́ж (rodítelʹnyj padéž, “genitive case”)
* да́тельный паде́ж (dátelʹnyj padéž, “dative case”)
* вини́тельный паде́ж (vinítelʹnyj padéž, “accusative case”)
* твори́тельный паде́ж (tvorítelʹnyj padéž, “instrumental case”)
* предло́жный паде́ж (predlóžnyj padéž, “prepositional case”)
* ме́стный паде́ж (méstnyj padéž, “locative case”)
* зва́тельный паде́ж (zvátelʹnyj padéž, “vocative case”)
* отложи́тельный паде́ж (otložítelʹnyj padéž, “ablative case”)
* аллати́вный паде́ж (allatívnyj padéž, “allative case”)
* ко́свенный паде́ж (kósvennyj padéž, “oblique case”)

#### Related terms

* па́дать impf (pádatʹ), па́сть pf (pástʹ)
* падёж m (padjóž)
* па́сть f (pástʹ), про́пасть f (própastʹ)

#### Descendants

* → Ingrian: padeža
* → Komi-Zyrian: падеж (paďež)
* → Yakut: падеж (padezh)

### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “падеж”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *padežь. The sense of “grammatical case” is a calque of Latin casus, which is also derived from the verb for falling, cadō. Compare Bulgarian паде́ж (padéž), Russian паде́ж (padéž).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pǎːdeʒ/

### Noun

па́деж m (Latin spelling pádež)
* (grammar) case
* waterfall

#### Declension
## Yakut
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian падеж (padež).

### Noun

падеж • (padezh)
* (grammar) case
    Synonym: түһүк (tühük) (more common)