# 白雪
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): báixuě
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˊ ㄒㄩㄝˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baak$^6$ syut$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pe̍h-soat / pe̍h-seh
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: báixuě
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˊ ㄒㄩㄝˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: báisyuě
*** Wade–Giles: pai$^2$-hsüeh$^3$
*** Yale: bái-sywě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bairsheue
*** Palladius: байсюэ (bajsjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /paɪ̯³⁵ ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baak$^6$ syut$^3$
*** Yale: baahk syut
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baak$^9$ syt$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bag$^6$ xud$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /paːk̚² syːt̚³/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$白說 / 白说 白雪
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍h-soat
*** Tâi-lô: pe̍h-suat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: peqsoad
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ suat̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ suat̚³²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍h-seh
*** Tâi-lô: pe̍h-seh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: peqseq
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ seʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ seʔ³²/
* Middle Chinese: baek sjwet
Rime :
| Character | 白 | 雪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 陌 (113) | 薛 (82) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | II | III |
| Fanqie | 傍陌切 | 相絕切 |
| Baxter | baek | sjwet |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠæk̚/ | /siuᴇt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚak̚/ | /sʷiɛt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bak̚/ | /sjuæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /baɨjk̚/ | /swiat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /bɐk̚/ | /siuɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /bɐk̚/ | /sĭuɛt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱɐk̚/ | /si̯wɛt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bó | xue |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bak$^6$ | syut$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*bˤrak [s]ot/
    (Zhengzhang): /*braːɡ sqʰʷed/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 白 | 雪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bái | xuě |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bæk › | ‹ sjwet › |
| Old Chinese | /*bˁrak/ | /*[s]ot/ |
| English | white | snow |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 白 | 雪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 207 | 5477 |
| Phonetic component | 白 | 彗 |
| Rime group | 鐸 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 白 | 雪 |
| Old Chinese | /*braːɡ/ | /*sqʰʷed/ |

### Noun

白雪
* white snow

#### Derived terms

* 白雪公主 (Báixuě Gōngzhǔ)
* 白雪曲
* 白雪歌
* 白雪皚皚 / 白雪皑皑 (báixuě'ái'ái)
* 白雪遺音 / 白雪遗音
* 白雪陽春 / 白雪阳春
* 白雪黃芽 / 白雪黄芽
* 陽春白雪 / 阳春白雪 (yángchūnbáixuě)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 白 | 雪 |
| しら Grade: 1 | ゆき Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||
Compound of 白 (shira, “white”) +‎ 雪 (yuki, “snow”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しらゆき [shìráꜜyùkì] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕiɾa̠jɯ̟kʲi]

#### Noun

白(しら)雪(ゆき) • (shirayuki)
* (literal) white snow
** 905, Kokin Wakashū (book 6, poem 332; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 31)
    朝(あさ)ぼらけ有明(ありあけ)の月(つき)と見(み)るまでに吉(よし)野(の)の里(さと)に降(ふ)れる白雪(しらゆき)
       asaborake ariake no tsuki to miru made ni Yoshino-no-sato ni fureru shirayuki
       As it dawns, I almost take for daybreak moon the white snow fallen in Yoshino Village.

##### Derived terms

* 白雪沢(しらゆきざわ) (Shirayukizawa)
* 白雪橋(しらゆきばし) (Shirayukibashi)
* 白雪(しらゆき)姫(ひめ) (Shirayuki-hime)

#### Proper noun

白(しら)雪(ゆき) • (Shirayuki)
* Snow White
* a female given name
* a surname

##### Usage notes

The character name is generally always followed by a suffix, such as さん (san) or 姫 (hime, “princess”).

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 白 | 雪 |
| はく Grade: 1 | せつ Grade: 2 |
| kan'on ||
From Middle Chinese 白雪 (MC baek sjwet, literally “white + snow”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はくせつ [hàkúsétsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠kɯ̟̊se̞t͡sɨ]

#### Noun

白(はく)雪(せつ) • (hakusetsu)
* (literal) white snow

##### Derived terms

* 白雪(はくせつ)糕(こう) (hakusetsu-kō), 白(はく)雪糕(せっこう) (hakusekkō)
* 陽春(ようしゅん)白雪(はくせつ) (Yōshun Hakusetsu)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Princess Shikishi, Hiroaki Sato (1993) String of Beads: Complete Poems of Princess Shikishi‎, illustrated edition, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 白 | 雪 |

### Noun

白雪 • (baekseol or McCune-Reischauer: paeksŏl or Yale: paykqsel) (hangeul 백설)
* hanja form of 백설 (“white snow”)

### Proper noun

白雪 • (Baekseol or McCune-Reischauer: Paeksŏl or Yale: Paykqsel) (hangeul 백설)
* hanja form of 백설 (“Snow White”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 白 | 雪 |

### Proper noun

白雪
* chữ Hán form of Bạch Tuyết (“Snow White”).