# 徽

| 徽 | U+5FBD, &#24509; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FBD |
| ← 徼 [U+5FBC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 徾 → [U+5FBE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

徽 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 竹人山火大 (HOUFK), four-corner 2824$_0$, composition ⿲彳⿱山系攵)

#### Derived characters

* 𭐈, 𩽚, 𧃸

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 372, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10267
* Dae Jaweon: page 699, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 849, character 6
* Unihan data for U+5FBD

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 矀 | *mrɯl, *mɯl |
| 覹 | *mrɯl |
| 黴 | *mrɯl, *mɯːls |
| 薇 | *mrɯl, *mɯl |
| 媺 | *mrɯlʔ |
| 微 | *mɯl |
| 溦 | *mɯl |
| 癓 | *mɯl |
| 徽 | *hmɯl |
| 幑 | *hmɯl |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hmɯl): abbreviated phonetic 微 (OC *mɯl) + semantic 糸 (“cloth”).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): huī (hui$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): hui$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fai$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fi$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fî
    (Hailu, HRS): fui$^ˋ$
* Jin (Wiktionary): hui$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): hó
* Eastern Min (BUC): hŭi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hui$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hui
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hui$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$hue
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huī
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huei
*** Wade–Giles: hui$^1$
*** Yale: hwēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huei
*** Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: hui$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xui
*** Sinological IPA : /xuei⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fai$^1$
*** Yale: fāi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fai$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fei$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐi̯⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɨi⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fî
*** Hakka Romanization System: fi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /fi²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: fui$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /fui⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: hui$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuei¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hó
*** Sinological IPA : /xo⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hŭi
*** Sinological IPA : /hui⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hui$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hui⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hui
*** Tâi-lô: hui
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huy
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hui³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hui⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hui$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hui
*** Sinological IPA : /hui³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$hue
*** MiniDict: hue$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$hue
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /hue⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: fei$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɸe̞i̯³³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit徽 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /xuei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /xuei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /xuei²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /xuei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /xue²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /xuei²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /xuei²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /xuɨ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /xuei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /xuei³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /xuei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /xuei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /xuei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /xuei⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /xuei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /xuəi³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /xue²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /xuei¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xuæ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /xuei³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /hue³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /hue̞⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /hui³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /fai³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /xue³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ɕy¹¹/ /xuə¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /fei³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɸəi³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /fɨi⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /fi⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /fui²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fɐi⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /fui⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /fɐi⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hui⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /huoi⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xo⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /hui³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /hui²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: xjw+j
Rime :
| Character | 徽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 微 (21) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 許歸切 |
| Baxter | xjw+j |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hʉi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hʷɨi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiuəi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /huj/ |
| Li Rong | /xiuəi/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭwəi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xwe̯i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fai$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥əj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hmɯl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 徽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | huī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xjwɨj › |
| Old Chinese | /*m̥əj/ |
| English | rope |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 徽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12806 |
| Phonetic component | 微 |
| Rime group | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 揮 |
| Old Chinese | /*hmɯl/ |

#### Definitions

徽
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) rope; cord
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to tie; to bind
* badge; emblem; insignia
* crest; logo; coat of arms
* flag; banner
* (literary) fine; beautiful; glorious
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) strings on a guqin
* (of the guqin) white dots made of mother-of-pearl inlaid onto the surface board, marking the harmonic positions
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to play the guqin
* Short for 安徽 (Ānhuī).
* Short for 徽州 (Huīzhōu).

#### Compounds

* 前徽
* 嗣徽
* 國徽 / 国徽 (guóhuī)
* 安徽 (Ānhuī)
* 宋徽宗
* 市徽
* 帽徽 (màohuī)
* 徽劇 / 徽剧 (Huījù)
* 徽嫿 / 徽婳
* 徽州 (Huīzhōu)
* 徽州區 / 徽州区
* 徽幟 / 徽帜
* 徽標 / 徽标 (huībiāo)
* 徽烈
* 徽班
* 徽索
* 徽絃 / 徽弦
* 徽縣 / 徽县 (Huīxiàn)
* 徽繣 / 徽𰬠
* 徽纆 / 徽𬙊
* 徽菜 (huīcài)
* 徽號 / 徽号 (huīhào)
* 徽言
* 徽記 / 徽记
* 徽語 / 徽语 (huīyǔ)
* 徽調 / 徽调
* 徽音
* 徽章 (huīzhāng)
* 徽墨
* 校徽 (xiàohuī)
* 淑教流徽
* 航徽
* 警徽 (jǐnghuī)
* 軍徽 / 军徽
* 音徽
* 黨徽 / 党徽 (dǎnghuī)
* 龍徽 / 龙徽

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 徽 – see 暉 (“sunlight; sunshine”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 暉).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### References

* William Campbell (1913) A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 228.
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “徽”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 95.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* good
* beautiful
* badge

#### Readings

* Go-on: け (ke)
* Kan-on: き (ki)
* Kun: よい (yoi, 徽い)、しるし (shirushi, 徽)

## Korean
### Hanja

徽 • (hwi) (hangeul 휘, revised hwi, McCune–Reischauer hwi, Yale hwi)
* a badge, insignia

## Vietnamese
### Han character

徽: Hán Nôm readings: huy
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.