# respublica
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* rēs pūblica
* r.p. (abbreviation)

### Etymology

Univerbation of rēs +‎ pūblica, thus etymologically "the public state" or similar.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /reːsˈpuː.bli.ka/, [reːs̠ˈpuːblʲɪkä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /resˈpu.bli.ka/, [resˈpuːblikä]

### Noun

rēspūblica f (genitive reīpūblicae); fifth declension
* a republic, commonwealth; the state, nation
** Tacitus, Annals Book XIII, 45:
    Non minus insignis eo anno impudicitia magnorum rei publicae malorum initium fecit.In that same year a profligacy no less infamous caused the beginning of tremendous iniquities to the republic.
** 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations‎:O di immortales, ubinam gentium sumus? Quam rem publicam habemus? In qua urbe vivimus?.O ye immortal gods, where on earth are we? In what city are we living? What is the government we have?
** 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:Cn. Fuluius Centumalus P. Sulpicius Galba consules cum idibus Martiis magistratum inissent, senatu in Capitolium uocato, de re publica, de administratione belli, de prouinciis exercitibusque patres consuluerunt.When the consuls Gnaeus Fulvius Centumalus and Publius Sulpicius Galba took up the magistracy on the Ides of March, they summoned the senate to the Capitoline Hill and consulted the senators on issues regarding the state, the handling of the war, the provinces and the armies.
    Magna fides in multis civibus huius rei publicae nunc inveniri potest.
       Great fidelity can now be found in many citizens of this commonwealth.
    Quis jussit illam rem publicam servitute liberari?
       Who ordered that republic to be liberated from slavery?
    Ubi tyrannus est, ibi plane est nulla res publica.
       Where there is a tyrant, there is clearly no republic.
    Contra alias manus malorum civium eaedem res parabuntur; rem publicam defendemus et isti cito discedent.
       These things will be procured in spite of the bands of bad citizens; we will defend the republic and those men will depart quickly.
    Hanc rem publicam salvam esse volumus.
       We wish this republic to be safe.
* politics, civil affairs

#### Declension

Fifth-declension noun with a first-declension adjective.

#### Derived terms

* rēspūblica Chrīstiāna

#### Descendants

* → Aragonese: republica
* → Asturian: república
* → Belarusian: рэспу́бліка (respúblika)
* → Basque: errepublika
* → Czech: republika
* → Catalan: república
* → Extremaduran: repúbrica
* → French: république (see there for further descendants)
* → Friulian: republiche
* → Galician: república
* → German: Respublica
* → Hebrew: רֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה (repúblika)
* → Old Italian: republica
** Italian: repubblica, republica
** → Romanian: republică
* → Latvian: republika
* → Occitan: republica
* → Neapolitan: repubbreca
* → Norman: républyique
* → Piedmontese: repùblica
* → Polish: rzeczpospolita (calque)
* → Portuguese: república
* → Romansch: republica
* → Russian: респу́блика (respúblika) (see there for further descendants)
* → Sicilian: ripùbblica, ripùbbrica
* → Spanish: república
** Ladino: republika, ריפובליקה
** → Tagalog: republika
** → Quechua: ripuwlika
* → Slovak: republika
* → Swedish: republik
* → Ukrainian: респу́бліка (respúblika)
* → Venetan: repùblica
* → West Frisian: republyk
* Conlangs:
** Esperanto: respubliko
** Ido: republiko
** Interlingua: republica
** Volapük: repüblik

### References

* “respublica”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* "respublica", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* respublica in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* respublica in Georges, Karl Ernst, Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 2, Hahnsche Buchhandlung
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. a man who has held many offices: honoribus ac reipublicae muneribus perfunctus (De Or. 1. 45)