# թառամ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* թարշամ (tʻaršam), թոռոմ (tʻoṙom), թորշոմ (tʻoršom)

### Etymology

From Old Armenian թառամ (tʻaṙam).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /tʰɑˈrɑm/, [tʰɑrɑ́m]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /tɑˈɾɑm/, [tʰɑɾɑ́m]
* Hyphenation: թա‧ռամ

### Adjective

թառամ • (tʻaṙam) (superlative ամենաթառամ)
* withered
* (figuratively) faded, withered

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

Inherited from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *tr̥s-, the zero-grade of *ters- (“dry”).
The alternative form թարշամ- (tʻaršam-), found in թարշամիմ (tʻaršamim), is from the same source. This twofold reflex is considered to be one of the oldest traces of early dialectal diversity. It has been variously explained by a different stem formation (*tr̥sy-, compare Sanskrit तृष्यति (tṛṣyati)), the influence of the Iranian cognate (compare Proto-Iranian *tŕ̥šnah (“thirst”), Old Armenian թաշկինակ (tʻaškinak)), or the operation of the ruki-rule.
According to Kölligan, the -ամ (-am) part may be identical with ամ (am, “year”), whose cognates show the meaning ‘summer’; the compound would then mean ‘having a dry summer’, applied to plants ‘exposed to a dry summer’ whence ‘dried, withered’.

### Adjective

թառամ • (tʻaṙam)
* withered, shrivelled
** 5th century, Łazar Pʻarpecʻi, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ [History of Armenia] 17:ոստք չորք ձիթենւոյն […] որոց չորեցունց պտուղքն վտիտք էին և թառամքostkʻ čʻorkʻ jitʻenwoyn […] orocʻ čʻorecʻuncʻ ptułkʻn vtitkʻ ēin ew tʻaṙamkʻTranslation by Robert W. Thomsonthe four branches of the olive-tree […] of these four the fruit was meagre and shrivelled
** 5th century, Łazar Pʻarpecʻi, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ [History of Armenia] 17:Եւ զի տեսեր զպտուղ ոստոցն թառամս և ծնկեալս և ոչինչ բնաւ նմանս ա՛յլ պտղոցն որ ի ձիթենւոջն էինEw zi teser zptuł ostocʻn tʻaṙams ew cnkeals ew očʻinčʻ bnaw nmans áyl ptłocʻn or i jitʻenwoǰn ēinTranslation by Robert W. ThomsonNow because you saw the fruit of the branches to be shrivelled and lean and not at all similar to the other fruit that was on the olive-tree

#### Derived terms

* անդառամ (andaṙam)
* անթառամ (antʻaṙam)
* անթառամական (antʻaṙamakan)
* անթառամելի (antʻaṙameli)
* անթառամութիւն (antʻaṙamutʻiwn)
* անթարշամ (antʻaršam)
* անթարշամելի (antʻaršameli)
* դիւրաթառամ (diwratʻaṙam)
* թառամացուցանեմ (tʻaṙamacʻucʻanem)
* թառամեմ (tʻaṙamem)
* թառամեցուցանեմ (tʻaṙamecʻucʻanem)
* թառամիմ (tʻaṙamim)
* թառամութիւն (tʻaṙamutʻiwn)
* թառամումն (tʻaṙamumn)
* թարշամեցուցանեմ (tʻaršamecʻucʻanem)
* թարշամիմ (tʻaršamim)
* ծաղկաթարշամ (całkatʻaršam)
* վաղաթառամ (vałatʻaṙam)
* վաղաթարշամ (vałatʻaršam)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: թառամ (tʻaṙam)

### References

* ↑ Pedersen, Holger (1906) “Armenisch und die Nachbarsprachen”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 39, number 3, page 413
* 1 2 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 281
* ↑ Kölligan, Daniel (2020) “Etyma Armeniaca”, in Claire Le Feuvre & Daniel Petit, editors, Ὀνομάτων ἵστωρ, Mélanges offerts à Charles de Lamberterie (Collection linguistique de la Société de linguistique de Paris; 106), Leuven, Paris: Peeters, page 75
* 1 2 Łazar Pʻarpecʻi (1904) G. Tēr-Mkrtčʻean and St. Malxasean, editors, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ ew tʻułtʻ aṙ Vahan Mamikonean [History of Armenia and Letter to Vahan Mamikonian] (Patmagirkʻ hayocʻ; I.4), Tiflis: Mnacʻakan Martiroseancʻ Press, page 33
* 1 2 Thomson, Robert W. (1991) The History of Łazar Pʿarpecʿi (Columbia University Program in Armenian Studies. Suren D. Fesjian Academic Publications; 4)‎, Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press, page 68

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “թառամ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 155–156
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “թառամ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “թառամ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy