# 閬

| 閬 | U+95AC, &#38316; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95AC |
| ← 閫 [U+95AB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 閭 → [U+95AD] |

## Translingual
### Han character

閬 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+7, 15 strokes, cangjie input 日弓戈日女 (ANIAV), four-corner 7773$_2$, composition ⿵門良)
* dry moat outside a city wall
* (of door) high, spacious

#### Derived characters

* 䕞

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1335, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41330
* Dae Jaweon: page 1841, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4302, character 5
* Unihan data for U+95AC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 閬 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 剆 | *raːl, *raːlʔ |
| 郎 | *raːŋ |
| 稂 | *raːŋ |
| 桹 | *raːŋ |
| 鋃 | *raːŋ |
| 硠 | *raːŋ |
| 浪 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
| 蜋 | *raːŋ, *raŋ |
| 琅 | *raːŋ |
| 狼 | *raːŋ |
| 欴 | *raːŋ |
| 踉 | *raːŋ, *raŋ, *raŋs |
| 莨 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
| 艆 | *raːŋ |
| 駺 | *raːŋ |
| 躴 | *raːŋ |
| 筤 | *raːŋ |
| 閬 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
| 哴 | *raːŋ, *raŋs |
| 蓈 | *raːŋ |
| 廊 | *raːŋ |
| 榔 | *raːŋ, *raːŋʔ |
| 螂 | *raːŋ |
| 瑯 | *raːŋ |
| 朗 | *raːŋʔ |
| 朖 | *raːŋʔ |
| 誏 | *raːŋʔ |
| 俍 | *raːŋʔ |
| 崀 | *raːŋʔ |
| 埌 | *raːŋs |
| 蒗 | *raːŋs |
| 娘 | *naŋ |
| 良 | *raŋ |
| 粮 | *raŋ |
| 悢 | *raŋs |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): láng, làng (lang$^2$, lang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄤˊ, ㄌㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): long$^5$ / long$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lòng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: láng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: láng
*** Wade–Giles: lang$^2$
*** Yale: láng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lang
*** Palladius: лан (lan)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɑŋ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: làng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: làng
*** Wade–Giles: lang$^4$
*** Yale: làng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lanq
*** Palladius: лан (lan)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: long$^5$ / long$^6$
*** Yale: lóhng / lohng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: long$^5$ / long$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: long$^5$ / long$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔːŋ¹³/, /lɔːŋ²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lòng
*** Tâi-lô: lòng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: loxng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lɔŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lɔŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔŋ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: lang, langH
Rime :
| Character | 閬 | 閬 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 魯當切 | 來宕切 |
| Baxter | lang | langH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /laŋ/ | /laŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /lɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /lɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lɑŋ/ | /lɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | láng | làng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | long$^4$ | long$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*raːŋ/, /*raːŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 閬 | 閬 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 8027 | 8041 |
| Phonetic component | 良 | 良 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 郎 | 浪 |
| Old Chinese | /*raːŋ/ | /*raːŋs/ |

### Definitions

閬
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) lofty
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) spacious; empty

#### Compounds

* 崑閬 / 昆阆
* 爣閬 / 𬊵阆
* 瑤池閬苑 / 瑶池阆苑
* 蓬閬 / 蓬阆
* 閬中 / 阆中
* 閬苑 / 阆苑
* 閬閬 / 阆阆 (lángláng)
* 閬風 / 阆风

### References

* “閬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* high door
* high gate
* high
* loft

#### Readings

* Go-on: ろう (rō)、どう (dō)
* Kan-on: りょう (ryō)、とう (tō)

## Korean
### Hanja

閬 • (rang>nang) (hangeul 랑>낭, revised rang>nang, McCune–Reischauer rang>nang, Yale lang>nang)
* a tall [lofty] gate
* monster
* a moat
* testicles

## Vietnamese
### Han character

閬: Hán Nôm readings: lãng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.