# 吪

| 吪 | U+542A, &#21546; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-542A |
| ← 吩 [U+5429] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 含 → [U+542B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

吪 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口人心 (ROP), four-corner 6101$_0$, composition ⿰口化)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 178, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3348
* Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 590, character 5
* Unihan data for U+542A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 吪
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 訛 | *ŋʷaːl |
| 吪 | *ŋʷaːl |
| 鈋 | *ŋʷaːl |
| 囮 | *lu, *ŋʷaːl |
| 魤 | *ŋʷaːl |
| 靴 | *hʷa |
| 貨 | *hŋʷaːls |
| 花 | *hʷraː |
| 化 | *hŋʷraːls |
| 杹 | *hŋʷraːls |
| 匕 | *pilʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋʷaːl): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): é (e$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngo$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: é
*** Zhuyin: ㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: é
*** Wade–Giles: o$^2$
*** Yale: é
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: er
*** Palladius: э (e)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngo$^4$
*** Yale: ngòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngo$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɔː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: ngwa
Rime :
| Character | 吪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 五禾切 |
| Baxter | ngwa |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋuɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋuɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋuɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋwa/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋuɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋuɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋuɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ngo$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-qʷʰˤaj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋʷaːl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 吪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | é |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ngwa › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-qʷʰˁaj/ |
| English | move; change |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 吪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5320 |
| Phonetic component | 化 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 訛 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋʷaːl/ |
| Notes | 同訛 |

#### Definitions

吪
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to move; to act
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Wǒ shēng zhīhòu, féng cǐ bǎilí. Shàng mèi wú é. [Pinyin]
    In the subsequent part of my life, We are meeting with all these evils. I wish I might sleep and never move again.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to reform; to correct
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zhōugōng dōng zhēng, sìguó shì é. [Pinyin]
    But the object of the duke of Zhou, in marching to the east, Was to reform the four States.
* Alternative form of 訛 / 讹 (é)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huā (hua$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faa$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huā
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hua
*** Wade–Giles: hua$^1$
*** Yale: hwā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hua
*** Palladius: хуа (xua)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faa$^4$
*** Yale: fàh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faa$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fa$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /faː²¹/

#### Definitions

吪
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* “吪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ぐう (gū)、げ (ge)
* Kun: うごく (ugoku, 吪く)、かえる (kaeru, 吪える)、かわる (kawaru, 吪わる)

## Korean
### Hanja

吪 • (wa) (hangeul 와, revised wa, McCune–Reischauer wa)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Zhuang
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋʷaːl): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 化 (OC *hŋʷraːls)

### Noun

吪
* Sawndip form of vah (“language”)