# 痛

| 痛 | U+75DB, &#30171; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-75DB |
| ← 痚 [U+75DA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 痜 → [U+75DC] |

## Translingual
### Han character

痛 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 大弓戈月 (KNIB), four-corner 0012$_7$, composition ⿸疒甬)

#### Derived characters

* 𱱦, 𰣳

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 773, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22195
* Dae Jaweon: page 1184, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2677, character 9
* Unihan data for U+75DB

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 通 | *l̥ʰoːŋ |
| 俑 | *l̥ʰoːŋ, *loŋʔ |
| 蓪 | *l̥ʰoːŋ |
| 桶 | *l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ |
| 捅 | *l̥ʰoːŋʔ |
| 痛 | *l̥ʰoːŋs |
| 筩 | *l'oːŋ |
| 誦 | *ljoŋs |
| 傭 | *l̥ʰoŋ, *loŋ |
| 慵 | *ɦljoŋ |
| 鱅 | *ɦljoŋ, *loŋ |
| 滽 | *loŋ |
| 墉 | *loŋ |
| 鏞 | *loŋ |
| 鄘 | *loŋ |
| 槦 | *loŋ |
| 銿 | *loŋ |
| 甬 | *loŋʔ |
| 勇 | *loŋʔ |
| 涌 | *loŋʔ |
| 踊 | *loŋʔ |
| 蛹 | *loŋʔ |
| 恿 | *loŋʔ |
| 慂 | *loŋʔ |
| 悀 | *loŋʔ |
| 埇 | *loŋʔ |
| 踴 | *loŋʔ |
| 庸 | *loŋ |
| 用 | *loŋs |
| 佣 | *loŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰoːŋs): semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 甬 (OC *loŋʔ). The character conveys the meaning of "pain" or "to hurt."

#### References

* ↑ Digital Shinjigen 2017

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tòng (tong$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tung$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thung
* Jin (Wiktionary): tung$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): tóng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thòng / thàng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tong$^3$ / tang$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$thon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tòng
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tòng
*** Wade–Giles: tʻung$^4$
*** Yale: tùng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tonq
*** Palladius: тун (tun)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰʊŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tung$^3$
*** Yale: tung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tung$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰʊŋ³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thung
*** Hakka Romanization System: tung
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰuŋ⁵⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: tung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰuŋ⁴⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tóng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰouŋ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòng
*** Tâi-lô: thòng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toxng
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tʰɔŋ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thàng
*** Tâi-lô: thàng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: taxng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰaŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰaŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰaŋ²¹/
* thòng - literary;
* thàng - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: thuwngH
Rime :
| Character | 痛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 他貢切 |
| Baxter | thuwngH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰəwŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰuŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tòng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tung$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤoŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰoːŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 痛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tòng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ thuwng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ˁoŋ-s/ |
| English | to be pained |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 痛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15433 |
| Phonetic component | 用 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 痛 |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ʰoːŋs/ |

#### Definitions

痛
* to hurt; to cause pain
* physically sore; painful
* mentally sore; sorrowful
* to hate; to abhor
* to take pity on; to lament
* thoroughly; to the fullest

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 痛, 疼$_1$, 疼痛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 疼$_1$ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 痛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 疼$_1$ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 疼$_1$, 痛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 疼$_1$ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 疼$_1$, 痛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 痛, 疼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 痛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 疼$_1$ |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 疼$_1$ |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 疼$_1$ |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 疼$_1$ |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 疼$_1$, 痛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 疼$_1$ |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 痛 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 疼$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 疼$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 疼$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 疼$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 疼$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 疼$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 疼$_1$ |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 疼$_1$ |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 疼$_1$ |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 疼$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 痛, 疼$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 痛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 疼$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 痛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 疼$_1$, 痛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 痛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 痛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 疼$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 疼$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 疼$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 疼$_1$ |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 疼$_1$ |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 疼$_1$, 痛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 疼$_1$, 痛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 疼$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 痛, 赤 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 痛, 赤 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 赤 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 赤 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 痛 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 痛 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 痛 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 痛 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 痛 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 痛 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 痛 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 痛 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 疾 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 痛 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 疾 |
| Hakka | Changting | 疾 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 疾 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 疾 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 痛 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 痛 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 痛 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 疾 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 疾 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 痛 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 痛 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 痛 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 痛 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 痛 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 痛 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 疼$_1$ |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 疼$_1$ |
| Jin | Linhe | 疼$_1$ |
| Jin | Jining | 疼$_1$ |
| Jin | Hohhot | 疼$_1$ |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 疼$_1$ |
| Jin | Handan | 疼$_1$ |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 字 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 疼$_2$ |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 痛 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 痛 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 痛 |
| Wu | Danyang | 痛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 痛 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 痛 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 痛 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 痛 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 痛 |

##### Compounds

* 七病八痛
* 三病四痛
* 不痛不癢 / 不痛不痒 (bùtòngbùyǎng)
* 不知痛癢 / 不知痛痒
* 不著痛癢 / 不著痛痒
* 不關痛癢 / 不关痛痒 (bùguāntòngyǎng)
* 偏頭痛 / 偏头痛 (piāntóutòng)
* 傷痛 / 伤痛 (shāngtòng)
* 八病九痛
* 分痛
* 切膚之痛 / 切肤之痛
* 刺痛 (cìtòng)
* 剝痛瘡 / 剥痛疮
* 創痛 / 创痛
* 創鉅痛深 / 创巨痛深
* 劇痛 / 剧痛 (jùtòng)
* 十病九痛
* 哀痛 (āitòng)
* 喪明之痛 / 丧明之痛
* 嚎啕痛哭
* 壓痛 / 压痛 (yātòng)
* 夾被摩痛 / 夹被摩痛
* 心痛 (xīntòng)
* 心絞痛 / 心绞痛 (xīnjiǎotòng)
* 忍痛 (rěntòng)
* 急忿怨痛
* 悲痛 (bēitòng)
* 悲痛欲絕 / 悲痛欲绝 (bēitòngyùjué)
* 慘痛 / 惨痛 (cǎntòng)
* 抱痛西河
* 抱頭痛哭 / 抱头痛哭 (bàotóutòngkū)
* 暖痛
* 柏舟之痛
* 止痛 (zhǐtòng)
* 止痛藥 / 止痛药 (zhǐtòngyào)
* 沉痛 (chéntòng)
* 沉著痛快
* 淚出痛腸 / 泪出痛肠
* 深惡痛嫉 / 深恶痛嫉
* 深惡痛絕 / 深恶痛绝 (shēnwùtòngjué)
* 淋漓痛快
* 灼痛
* 灼艾分痛
* 無痛 / 无痛 (wútòng)
* 無痛分娩 / 无痛分娩
* 無關痛癢 / 无关痛痒 (wúguāntòngyǎng)
* 病痛 (bìngtòng)
* 疼痛 (téngtòng)
* 疾痛慘怛 / 疾痛惨怛
* 疼痛醫學 / 疼痛医学
* 疾首痛心
* 痛不堪忍
* 痛不欲生 (tòngbùyùshēng)
* 痛入心脾
* 痛入骨髓
* 痛切 (tòngqiè)
* 痛切心骨
* 痛哭 (tòngkū)
* 痛哭失聲 / 痛哭失声
* 痛哭流涕 (tòngkūliútì)
* 痛喝
* 痛失知音
* 痛失英才
* 痛定思痛 (tòngdìngsītòng)
* 痛徹心腑 / 痛彻心腑
* 痛心 (tòngxīn)
* 痛心入骨
* 痛心切齒 / 痛心切齿
* 痛心刻骨
* 痛心泣血
* 痛心疾首 (tòngxīnjíshǒu)
* 痛快 (tòngkuài)
* 痛念
* 痛快淋漓 (tòngkuàilínlí)
* 痛恨 (tònghèn)
* 痛悔 (tònghuǐ)
* 痛悔前非
* 痛惡 / 痛恶 (tòngwù)
* 痛悼 (tòngdào)
* 痛惜 (tòngxī)
* 痛感 (tònggǎn)
* 痛愛 / 痛爱
* 痛打 (tòngdǎ)
* 痛抱西河
* 痛擊 / 痛击 (tòngjī)
* 痛改前非 (tònggǎiqiánfēi)
* 痛斥 (tòngchì)
* 痛楚 (tòngchǔ)
* 痛楚徹骨 / 痛楚彻骨
* 痛殲 / 痛歼
* 痛殺殺 / 痛杀杀
* 痛毀極詆 / 痛毁极诋
* 痛決 / 痛决
* 痛滌前非 / 痛涤前非
* 痛澈心脾
* 痛澈骨髓
* 痛疾
* 痠痛 (suāntòng)
* 痛痛快快
* 痛痛病 (tòngtòngbìng)
* 痛痛的
* 痛癢 / 痛痒 (tòngyǎng)
* 痛癢無關 / 痛痒无关
* 痛癢相關 / 痛痒相关
* 痛經 / 痛经 (tòngjīng)
* 痛罵 / 痛骂 (tòngmà)
* 痛聲 / 痛声
* 痛苦 (tòngkǔ)
* 痛處 / 痛处 (tòngchù)
* 痛親 / 痛亲
* 痛覺 / 痛觉 (tòngjué)
* 痛詆 / 痛诋 (tòngdǐ)
* 痛責 / 痛责
* 痛贊 / 痛赞
* 痛陳 / 痛陈
* 痛風 / 痛风 (tòngfēng)
* 痛飲 / 痛饮 (tòngyǐn)
* 痛飲黃龍 / 痛饮黄龙
* 痛點 / 痛点 (tòngdiǎn)
* 瘡好忘痛 / 疮好忘痛
* 神怒民痛
* 神經痛 / 神经痛 (shénjīngtòng)
* 絞痛 / 绞痛 (jiǎotòng)
* 經痛 / 经痛 (jīngtòng)
* 肉痛 (ròutòng)
* 肚子痛 (dùzi tòng)
* 脹痛 / 胀痛 (zhàngtòng)
* 腹痛 (fùtòng)
* 腰痛 (yāotòng)
* 苦痛 (kǔtòng)
* 號咷痛哭 / 号咷痛哭
* 號啕痛哭 / 号啕痛哭
* 西州之痛
* 西河之痛
* 親痛仇快 / 亲痛仇快 (qīntòngchóukuài)
* 觸痛 / 触痛 (chùtòng)
* 迎頭痛擊 / 迎头痛击 (yíngtóutòngjī)
* 通改
* 酸痛 (suāntòng)
* 鎮痛 / 镇痛 (zhèntòng)
* 鎮痛劑 / 镇痛剂 (zhèntòngjì)
* 關節痛 / 关节痛
* 陣痛 / 阵痛 (zhèntòng)
* 隱痛 / 隐痛 (yǐntòng)
* 頭痛 / 头痛 (tóutòng)
* 風火眼痛 / 风火眼痛
* 骨痛熱 / 骨痛热 (gǔtòngrè)
* 齒痛 / 齿痛 (chǐtòng)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 痛 – see 疼 (“aches and pains, Etymology 2”). (This character is a variant form of 疼).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
* pain

#### Readings

* Go-on: つう (tsū, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō)
* Kun: いたい (itai, 痛い, Jōyō)、いたみ (itami, 痛み)、いためる (itameru, 痛める, Jōyō)、いたむ (itamu, 痛む, Jōyō)

#### Derived terms

* 痛(いた)み (itami)
* 痛(いた)い (itai)

## Korean
### Hanja

Wikisource 痛 (eumhun 아플 통 (apeul tong))
* Hanja form of 통 (“pain”).

#### Compounds

* 고통 (苦痛, gotong, “pain”)
* 두통 (頭痛, dutong, “headache”)
* 편두통 (偏頭痛, pyeondutong, “migraine”)
* 요통 (腰痛, yotong, “backache”)
* 위통 (胃痛, witong, “stomachache”)
* 진통 (陣痛, jintong, “contraction, labor pain”)
* 치통 (齒痛, chitong, “toothache”)
* 통증 (痛症, tongjeung, “pain, ache”)
* 통풍 (痛風, tongpung, “gout”)
* 원통하다 (冤痛-, wontonghada, “to be bitter, to be resentful”)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

痛: Hán Nôm readings: thống
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.