# caementum
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *kaidmentom. Equivalent to caedō +‎ -mentum.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /kae̯ˈmen.tum/, [käe̯ˈmɛn̪t̪ʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /t͡ʃeˈmen.tum/, [t͡ʃeˈmɛn̪t̪um]

### Noun

caementum n (genitive caementī); second declension
* rough stone from the quarry
* chips of marble
* cement; mortar

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

#### Derived terms

* caementārius
* caementicius

#### Descendants

* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: ciment
** Occitan: ciment
** Old French: ciment
*** French: ciment (see there for further descendants)
*** Norman: chînment
*** → Middle Dutch:
**** Dutch: cement (see there for further descendants)
**** Limburgish: semènt
*** → Middle English: syment, cement, cemente, cyment, sement, siment, symend, symonde
**** English: cement (see there for further descendants)
**** Scots: siment, syment, symond, cement
*** → Middle High German: zīment, zīmente, cēment
**** German: Zement (see there for further descendants)
**** Vilamovian: ciment
**** Yiddish: צעמענט (tsement)
* Gallo-Italic:
** Lombard: ciment
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Italian: cimento, >? cemento (see there for further descendants)
** Sicilian: cimentu
* Ibero-Romance:
** Navarro-Aragonese:
*** Aragonese: cimento, ciment
** Old Galician-Portuguese: cimento
*** Galician: cimento
*** Portuguese: cimento
** Old Spanish:
*** Ladino: chimento
*** Spanish: cimiento
* Borrowings:
** → English: cementum
** → French: cément
** → Galician: cemento
** → Portuguese: cemento
** → Spanish: cemento (see there for further descendants)

##### Unsorted borrowings

* → Amharic: ሲሚንቶ (siminto)
* → Azerbaijani: sement
* → Basque: zemento, zementu
* → Belarusian: цэме́нт (cemjént)
* → Bengali: সিমেন্ট (śimenṭo)
* → Bulgarian: циме́нт (cimént)
* → Central Kurdish: چمنتۆ (çminto)
* → Chichewa: simenti
* → Chuvash: цемент (tsement)
* → Czech: cement
* → Danish: cement
* → Egyptian Arabic: اسمنت (esmant, asmant)
* → Erzya: цемент (cement)
* → Estonian: tsement
* → Faroese: sement
* → Finnish: sementti
* → Hungarian: cement
* → Icelandic: sement
* → Ingrian: tsementta
* → Kazakh: цемент (sement), cement
* → Kumyk: цемент (tsement)
* → Northern Kurdish: çîmento
* → Kyrgyz: цемент (tsement)
* → Latvian: cements
* → Lezgi: цемент (cement)
* → Lindu: sime
* → Lithuanian: cementas
* → Norwegian: sement
* → Ossetian: цемент (cement)
* → Persian: سیمان (simân)
* → Plautdietsch: Zemment
* → Polish: cement
* → Samogitian: cements
* → Serbo-Croatian: цемент
* → Sinhalese: සිමෙන්ති (simenti)
* → Slovak: cement
* → Slovene: cement
* → Swedish: cement
* → Tajik: семент (sement)
* → Tamil: சிமிட்டி (cimiṭṭi)
* → Tatar: cement
* → Turkmen: sement
* → Ukrainian: цеме́нт (cemént)
* → Urdu: سیمنٹ (sīmeṇṭ)
* → Uzbek: цемент, tsement, sement
* → West Frisian: semint
* → Yakut: цемент (tsement)

### References

* “caementum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “caementum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* caementum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “caementum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “caementum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin