# 蹲

| 蹲 | U+8E72, &#36466; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8E72 |
| ← 蹱 [U+8E71] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蹳 → [U+8E73] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蹲 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+12, 19 strokes, cangjie input 口一廿田戈 (RMTWI), four-corner 6814$_6$, composition ⿰𧾷尊)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1233, character 32
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37874
* Dae Jaweon: page 1705, character 42
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3741, character 7
* Unihan data for U+8E72

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 尊 | *ʔsuːn |
| 樽 | *ʔsuːn |
| 罇 | *ʔsuːn |
| 嶟 | *ʔsuːn, *ʔsun |
| 繜 | *ʔsuːn |
| 撙 | *ʔsuːnʔ |
| 噂 | *ʔsuːnʔ |
| 譐 | *ʔsuːnʔ |
| 僔 | *ʔsuːnʔ |
| 蹲 | *zuːn |
| 鱒 | *zuːnʔ, *zuːns |
| 鐏 | *zuːns |
| 遵 | *ʔsun |
| 鷷 | *ʔsun, *zun |
| 墫 | *sʰun |
| 竴 | *sʰun |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zuːn): semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 尊 (OC *ʔsuːn) – to sit.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dūn, cún (dun$^1$, cun$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄣ, ㄘㄨㄣˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeon$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): dun$^1$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): dun$^1$ / cun$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): chuòng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dong$^1$ / duong$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tun / chun
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dung$^1$ / ceng$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$ten
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dun
*** Wade–Giles: tun$^1$
*** Yale: dwūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duen
*** Palladius: дунь (dunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tu̯ən⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, literary variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cún
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cún
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻun$^2$
*** Yale: tswún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tswen
*** Palladius: цунь (cunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰu̯ən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zeon$^1$
*** Yale: jēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɵn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: dun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tun³³/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: dun$^1$ / cun$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tun⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰun¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chuòng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuoŋ⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔŋ⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: duong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tuoŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tun
*** Tâi-lô: tun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dwn
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tun³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chun
*** Tâi-lô: tsun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zwn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sun⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dung$^1$ / ceng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tung / tshṳ̂ng
*** Sinological IPA : /tuŋ³³/, /t͡sʰɯŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Jiaxing)
*** Wugniu: $^1$ten
*** MiniDict: ten$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$ten
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tən⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /tən⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: dzwon
Rime :
| Character | 蹲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 魂 (55) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徂尊切 |
| Baxter | dzwon |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡zuən/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡zuon/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zuən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zwən/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡zuən/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zuən/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱuən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cún |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cyun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*zuːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蹲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17993 |
| Phonetic component | 尊 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 存 |
| Old Chinese | /*zuːn/ |

#### Definitions

蹲
* to squat; to crouch
* (figurative) to stay (somewhere); to remain idle (in a place)
    蹲監獄／蹲监狱 ― dūn jiānyù ― to be imprisoned
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to sit

##### Synonyms

* (to squat):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 蹲 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 蹲 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 蹲 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 蹲 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 跍堆, 跍蹲, 蹲 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 趷蹴, 蹴, 蹲 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 跍 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 跍 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 蹲 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 蹲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 䟵 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 踎, 冬 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 踎 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 踎 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 跍, 蹲 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 蹲, 𨁏 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 跍 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 跍 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 踎 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 跍 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 跍 |
| Hakka | Changting | 𨁏 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 𨁏 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 跍 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 跍 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 跍 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 跍 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 跍 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 跍 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 跍 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 跍 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 圪蹴, 蹲 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 跍嚕 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 蹲, 跍 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 跍, 蹲 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 跍 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 跍 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 踎 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 跍, 蹲 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 蹲, 伏 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 𧺤, 彎 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 跍 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 蹲 |
* (to stay):
* 停 (tíng)
* 停留 (tíngliú)
* 勾留 (gōuliú)
* 盤桓 / 盘桓 (pánhuán)
* 逗 (dòu)
* 逗留 (dòuliú)
* 逋留 (būliú) (literary)
* 駐 / 驻 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
* 駐留 / 驻留 (zhùliú)

#### Compounds

* 倒蹲兒 / 倒蹲儿
* 半蹲
* 沒頭蹲 / 没头蹲
* 盤蹲 / 盘蹲
* 蛤蟆蹲
* 蹲伏
* 蹲俯
* 蹲坐
* 蹲坑 (dūnkēng)
* 蹲守
* 蹲廁 / 蹲厕 (dūncè)
* 蹲式廁所 / 蹲式厕所 (dūnshì cèsuǒ)
* 蹲循
* 蹲牛棚
* 蹲班 (dūnbān)
* 蹲班房 (dūn bānfáng)
* 蹲膘
* 蹲苗
* 蹲踞 (dūnjù)
* 蹲蹲
* 蹲風眼 / 蹲风眼
* 蹲點 / 蹲点 (dūndiǎn)
* 鴟蹲 / 鸱蹲

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cún (cun$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄣˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeon$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): tun$^3$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): cun$^2$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): cung$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cún
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cún
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻun$^2$
*** Yale: tswún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tswen
*** Palladius: цунь (cunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰu̯ən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zeon$^1$
*** Yale: jēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɵn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: tun$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰun²²/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cun$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cung$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshûng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

蹲
* (dialectal) to sprain one's leg by landing abruptly

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cún (cun$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zeon$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cún
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cún
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻun$^2$
*** Yale: tswún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tswen
*** Palladius: цунь (cunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰu̯ən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zeon$^1$
*** Yale: jēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

蹲
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Only used in 蹲蹲 (“dancing rhythmically”).

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cǔn (cun$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄣˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cǔn
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cǔn
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻun$^3$
*** Yale: tswǔn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsoen
*** Palladius: цунь (cunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰu̯ən²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

蹲
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to gather; to assemble

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zuān, cuán (zuan$^1$, cuan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄢ, ㄘㄨㄢˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zuān
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zuan
*** Wade–Giles: tsuan$^1$
*** Yale: dzwān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuan
*** Palladius: цзуань (czuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su̯än⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cuán
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cuán
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻuan$^2$
*** Yale: tswán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tswan
*** Palladius: цуань (cuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰu̯än³⁵/

#### Definitions

蹲
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 躦 / 躜 (zuān), only used in 蹲𧿙.

### Etymology 6
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qǔn (qun$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄣˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qǔn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyǔn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻün$^3$
*** Yale: chyǔn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheun
*** Palladius: цюнь (cjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰyn²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

蹲
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Only used in 蹲循 and 蹲節／蹲节.

### Etymology 7

* For pronunciation and definitions of 蹲 – see 鷷 (“pheasant”). (This character is a variant form of 鷷).

### References

* “蹲”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “蹲”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 57.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぞん (zon)
* Kan-on: そん (son)
* On: しゅん (shun)
* Kun: つくばう (tsukubau, 蹲う)、つくばい (tsukubai, 蹲)、うずくまる (uzukumaru, 蹲る)

### Noun

* Kanji in this term
* 蹲
* つくばい Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 蹲 – see the following entry. :
| 【蹲踞つくばい】 | [noun] tsukubai (small basin used in Buddhist ritual ablution and before the tea ceremony) |
(This term, 蹲, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* “蹲”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Hanja

蹲 (eum 준 (jun))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

蹲: Hán Nôm readings: đôn, tôn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation