# jara
## Cypriot Arabic
### Alternative forms

* jra

### Etymology

From Arabic جَرَى (jarā). Doublet of jiri.

### Verb

jara I (present pkyijra)
* to happen

### References

* Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 186

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjara]

### Noun

jara
* inflection of jaro:
** genitive singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative plural

## Esperanto
### Etymology

From jaro (“year”) +‎ -a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjara]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ara
* Hyphenation: jar‧a

### Adjective

jara (accusative singular jaran, plural jaraj, accusative plural jarajn)
* annual
* (in combination) year(s) old
** 1915, The Esperanto Monthly, page 9:Mi ankaŭ lernas Esperanton kvankam mi estas dek unu jara.I also learn Esperanto although I am 11 years old.(Translation from the same page.)
** 1923, British Esperantist, page 1:Kiam ŝi estis du-dek-unu-jara, ŝi edziniĝis kun sia kuzo Albert.When she was 21 years old, she married her cousin Albert.
** 1949, Henriette Roland Holst, translated by Bas Wels, Roza Luksemburg: Ŝiaj Vivo kaj Laboro, Sennacieca Asocio Tutmonda, page 13:Kiel 8-jara infano Roza komencas la studadon en la gimnazio; estante 17-jara, ŝi forlasos ĝin.As an 8-year-old child, Roza begins studying at secondary school; at 17 years old, she will leave.
** 2013, Louis Couperus, translated by Gerrit Berveling, Pri maljunuloj, la aĵoj, kiuj pasas… (Serio Oriento-Okcidento; number 49), New York, N.Y.: Mondial, →ISBN, pages 93–94:– Mi? Ĉu MI juna? – Jes, infano, ĉu vi ne junas…? – Sed, sinjoro Takma, mi jam estas sekdek-jara! – Ĉu vi jam estas sesdek-jara…? Ĉu vi jam estas sesdek-jara…? Infano! Ĉu vi jam estas sesdek-jara? – La maljuna viro serĉis, baraktante kontraŭ subite emergiĝanta malklareco en sia memoro, kiu obtuziĝis kvazaŭ nebulo. – Ne, vi devas erari… Vi ne povas esti jam sesdek-jara…(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2019, Begoña Paz, translated by Suso Moinhos, La vundo, New York, N.Y.: Mondial, →ISBN, page 47:Apud ĝi, kvar-kvin-jara infano ludis per la akvo.Next to it, a 4- to 5-year-old child played with the water.
** 2020, Gérard Lecarpentier, Piaj malprudaĵoj … kaj aliaj rakontoj, Eldonejo Libera, →ISBN, page 91:Cetere, kun Karlo, 11-jara, kaj Klara, 10-jara, vi povos babili!Besides, we will be able to chat with 11-year-old Karlo and 10-year-old Klara!
** 2021, Margaret Marshall Saunders, edited by Wallace George du Temple, Bela Joe, FriesenPress, →ISBN, page 13:Mi estis tiam unu-jara kaj plene kreskinta hundo.I was a 1-year-old and fully grown dog then.

#### Derived terms

* duonjara

## Karaim
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *jara.

### Noun

jara
* wound

### References

* N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “jara”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

## Karakalpak
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yara.

### Noun

jara
* wound

### References

* N. A. Baskakov, editor (1958), “жара”, in Karakalpaksko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Karakalpak-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: Akademija Nauk Uzbekskoj SSR, →ISBN

## Kayardild
### Noun

jara
* foot
* footprint
* rain

## Laboya
### Noun

jara
* horse

### References

* Rina, A. Dj., Kabba, John Lado B. (2011) “jara”, in Kamus Bahasa Lamboya, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat [Dictionary of Lamboya Language, West Sumba Regency], Waikabubak: Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat, page 32

## Lindu
### Noun

jara
* horse

## Lower Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjara/

### Adjective

jara
* feminine nominative singular of jary

## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjaː.ra/

### Verb

jara
* third-person singular imperfect of ra

## Mokilese
### Verb

jara
* (intransitive) to open one's mouth

#### References

* Harrison, Sheldon P., Mokilese-English Dictionary, University of Hawaii Press 1977

## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *erǭ (“fight”).

### Noun

jara f (genitive jara)
* (poetic, heiti) fight, battle

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: jara f

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀚𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* जर (Devanagari script)
* জর (Bengali script)
* ජර (Sinhalese script)
* ဇရ or ၹရ (Burmese script)
* ชร or ชะระ (Thai script)
* ᨩᩁ (Tai Tham script)
* ຊຣ or ຊະຣະ (Lao script)
* ជរ (Khmer script)
* 𑄎𑄢 (Chakma script)

### Adjective

jara
* old, decrepit
** 2006, The Fourth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Majjhimanikāya (I)‎, page 192:සෙය්‍යථාපි නාම ජරසාලාය ගොපානසියො ඔලුග‍්ගවිලුග‍්ගා භවන‍්ති, එවමෙවස‍්සු මෙ ඵාසුළියො ඔලුග‍්ගවිලුග‍්ගා භවන‍්ති තායෙවප‍්පාහාරතාය.Seyyathāpi nāma jarasālāya gopānasiyo oluggaviluggā bhavanti, evamevassu me phāsuḷiyo oluggaviluggā bhavanti tāyevappāhāratāya.Truly, just as in a decrepit outhouse the rafters are crumbling, my ribs were just that way, they were crumbling from just this fasting.

#### Declension
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈja.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: ja‧ra

### Adjective

jara
* feminine nominative/vocative singular of jary

### Verb

jara
* third-person singular present of jarać

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jâra/
* Hyphenation: ja‧ra
* Rhymes: -âra

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jara (“spring”).

#### Alternative forms

* jȃr

#### Noun

jȁra f (Cyrillic spelling ја̏ра)
* (archaic) spring (season)
    Synonym: pròljeće/pròleće
* barley sown in summer

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jarъ (“anger”).

#### Alternative forms

* jȃr

#### Noun

jȁra f (Cyrillic spelling ја̏ра)
* great heat, often from an oven or furnace
    Synonym: vrućìna
* vehemence, intensity, ferocity
    Synonym: žestìna

### Etymology 3

Probably from ahar, from Ottoman Turkish آخور (modern Turkish ahır), from Persian آخور (“stable”).

#### Noun

jȁra f (Cyrillic spelling ја̏ра)
* winter stabling for cattle

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Arabic شَعْرَاء (šaʕrāʔ), whose original meaning of 'hairy' extended to refer to places covered in vegetation (vd. Latin comātus for an analogous process), from شَعْر (šaʕr, “hair, fur, bristle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxaɾa/ [ˈxa.ɾa]
* Rhymes: -aɾa
* Syllabification: ja‧ra

### Noun

jara f (plural jaras)
* rockrose (plant in the genus Cistus or the genus Halimium)
* a pointed stick that has been hardened by fire, and can be used as a projectile weapon

#### Derived terms

* jara amarilla
* jara cervuna
* jara pringosa

### Adjective

jara
* feminine singular of jaro

### Further reading

* “jara”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Noun

jara c
* (slang) a cigarette
    Synonym: cigg

#### Declension
### References

* Slangopedia