# achaque
## Asturian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈt͡ʃake/ [aˈt͡ʃa.ke]
* Rhymes: -ake
* Syllabification: a‧cha‧que

### Noun

achaque m (plural achaques)
* excuse, pretext
    Synonyms: encomodu, escusa, sida, apa
* inconvenience, setback
    Synonyms: desterciu, encomeniente, inquiz

#### Derived terms

* achacosu
* achaquiar

## Galician
### Etymology

Attested since circa 1300. Probably from Arabic شَكَا (šakā, “complain”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈt͡ʃake/ [aˈt͡ʃɑ.kɪ]
* Rhymes: -ake
* Hyphenation: a‧cha‧que

### Noun

achaque m (plural achaques)
* excuse, pretext
    Synonyms: escusa, pretexto
** 1596, anonymous author, Diálogo de Alberte e Bieito‎:Meu sobrino pouco biche no camiño que Aca muyto mais pasou esa jente Aca chegou e nonos deixaron biño Pan nen pasta que ata estar de choz non lle basta darlles da bianda boa mesturada con boroa so pantrigo non segasta. Ja A bezina non tengalo nen galiña; polo camiño e congostra fan mais mal que no a lagostra son como abes de Rapiña, Lagumeiros, lapuzes e lacoeiros que con Achaque da guerra quedou ynsinada A terra a consentir lacoeirosMy nephew, little did you see in the road, because here much more happened: that people here arrived and they didn't left us wine, bread or paste, that even [?] was not enough for them; giving them good viand admixed with black bread, so the wheat bread is not spent. Now the neighbour has no hen or rooster; in the road and the lane they do more harm than locusts; they are like birds of prey, loafers[?], guzzlers and gluttons that with the pretext of the war the country was left taught to consent gluttons
* affliction, infirmity
    Synonym: alifafe

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “achaque”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “achaque”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “achaque”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “achaque”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “achaque”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Uncertain origin, possibly from Arabic or a Germanic language. Compare Spanish achaque.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈʃa.ki/
* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈʃa.ki/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aˈʃa.ke/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈʃa.kɨ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈʃa.kɨ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈt͡ʃa.kɨ/
* Hyphenation: a‧cha‧que

### Noun

achaque m (plural achaques)
* frequent but minor malaise
* a moral or behavioural flaw; a vice
* an excuse for doing something; a pretext

#### Derived terms

* achaquilho (diminutive)
* achaquento

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈt͡ʃake/ [aˈt͡ʃa.ke]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -ake
* Syllabification: a‧cha‧que

### Etymology 1

Probably deverbal from achacar, from Arabic. Alternatively the Spanish noun might be from Arabic الشَكْوَى (aš-šakwā, “complaint”) with the verb then denominal.

#### Noun

achaque m (plural achaques)
* minor sickness, malady especially a cold
* default, failing
* subject, issue, topic
* (informal) period, menstruation
    Synonyms: menstruación, regla, periodo

##### Derived terms

* achacoso

##### Descendants

* → Italian: acciacco
* → Ladino: achakes de

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

achaque
* inflection of achacar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “achaque”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10