OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# corŏz
## Silesian
### Alternative forms

* coroz (simplified)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Polish coraz. By surface analysis, univerbation of co +‎ rŏz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (non-Western) /ˈt͡sɔ.rɔs/, (Western Silesian) /ˈt͡sɔ.rɔws/, (Głogówek) /ˈt͡sɔ.rɛws/
* Audio (non-Western):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔrɔs, -ɔrɔws, -ɔrɛws
* Syllabification: co‧rŏz

### Particle

corŏz
* used with comparatives to show a growing rate of change; more and more, increasingly, ever

### Further reading

* corŏz in silling.org
* Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “corŏz”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 69
* Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “corôz”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 127
# udara
## Basque
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

udara inan
* (chiefly Gipuzkoan) summer
    Synonym: uda

##### See also

* seasons: urtaroa: udaberri · uda~udara · udazken · negu

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

udara
* allative singular of uda

## Brunei Malay
### Etymology

From Sanskrit उदार (udāra, “lofty”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /udara/
* Hyphenation: u‧da‧ra

### Noun

udara
* air

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit उदार (udāra, “lofty”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /uˈdara/ [uˈda.ra]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: u‧da‧ra

### Noun

udara (plural udara-udara)
* air
* (colloquial) weather
    Synonym: cuaca

#### Affixed terms

* berudara
* mengudara
* mengudarakan
* pengudaraan

#### Compounds

* udara antarktik
* udara arktik
* udara atas
* udara awal
* udara bahari
* udara balik
* udara basah
* udara bebas
* udara benua
* udara bersih
* udara dingin
* udara fon
* udara kelautan
* udara keliling
* udara kering
* udara khatulistiwa
* udara kutub
* udara lembap
* udara lengas
* udara mampat
* udara mantap
* udara murni
* udara panas
* udara tekan
* udara tropis
* hampa udara

### Further reading

* “udara” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Sanskrit उदार (udāra, “lofty”).

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -a

### Noun

udara (Jawi spelling اودارا, plural udara-udara, informal 1st possessive udaraku, 2nd possessive udaramu, 3rd possessive udaranya)
* aerial
* air
* atmosphere
* gas

### Further reading

* “udara” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀉𑀤𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* उदर (Devanagari script)
* উদর (Bengali script)
* උදර (Sinhalese script)
* ဥဒရ or ဢုၻရ (Burmese script)
* อุทร or อุทะระ (Thai script)
* ᩏᨴᩁ (Tai Tham script)
* ອຸທຣ or ອຸທະຣະ or ອຸທະລະ (Lao script)
* ឧទរ (Khmer script)
* 𑄃𑄪𑄘𑄢 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit उदर (udara).

### Noun

udara n
* belly
* cavity, interior

#### Declension
### References

* Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “udara”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

## Ternate
### Etymology

From the second element of Indonesian pesawat udara.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [u.ˈda.ɾa]

### Noun

udara
* airplane

### References

* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
# så kallad
## Swedish
### Alternative forms

* s.k. (abbreviation)

### Adjective

så kallad (not comparable)
* so-called (both senses)

#### Declension

See kallad.

### Further reading

* Äikäs, Monica (30 March 2017), "En så kallad fråga" [A so-called question] (in Swedish), Institute for the Languages of Finland
* så kallad in Svensk ordbok.
# كلم
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

كَلَّمَ • (kallama) II (non-past يُكَلِّمُ (yukallimu), verbal noun تَكْلِيم (taklīm) or كَلَام (kalām))
* (transitive) to speak, to talk, to address
    لَا أُكَلِّمُهُ آخِرَ الدَّهْرِlā ʔukallimuhu ʔāḵira d-dahriI will not speak to him to the end of time

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

From the root ك ل م (k l m) in its original sense, "to use one's jaw", "to bite", "to chew". Compare Akkadian 𒄴 (kalmatu, “insect, bug”).

#### Noun

كَلْم • (kalm) m (plural كُلُوم (kulūm) or كِلَام (kilām))
* bite, bitemark
* wound, cut, slash

##### Declension
#### Noun

كَلِم • (kalim) pl
* plural of كَلِمَة (kalima)

### References

* Lane, Edward William (1863) “كلم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, in the supplement, page 3003
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “كلم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
* The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary, uman (INSECT), University of Pennsylvania, 2004

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic كَلَّمَ (kallama).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kal.lam/, [ˈkal.lam]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

كلّم • (kallam) II (present بكلّم (bikallem))
* to call (someone)
    Synonym: رنّ (rann)
# Nešetřil
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛʃɛtr̝̊ɪl]

### Proper noun

Nešetřil m anim (female equivalent Nešetřilová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Nešetřil”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# imkansızlıq
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Morphologically imkansız (“indigent, lacking [financial] possibility”) +‎ -lıq.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

imkansızlıq
* need, indigence
# բոր
## Armenian
### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /boɾ/, [boɾ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /poɾ/, [pʰoɾ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Etymology 1

From French bore, later reinforced by Russian бор (bor). Alternatively, can be said to be built from բորակ (borak, “borax”), as in other languages.

#### Noun

բոր • (bor)
* boron

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Old Armenian բոր (bor).

#### Noun

բոր • (bor)
* leprosy

##### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From Iranian *bor (“leprosy”). Compare Sogdian [script needed] (βrʾwkʾ /⁠βarūkə⁠/, “leprous”). Perhaps related to the source of բորենի (boreni). See also ուրուկ (uruk).

### Noun

բոր • (bor)
* leprosy
    բոր գրաստուց ― bor grastucʻ ― farcy

#### Derived terms

* բորոտ (borot)
* բորոտանամ (borotanam)
* բորոտեմ (borotem)
* բորոտեցուցանեմ (borotecʻucʻanem)
* բորոտիմ (borotim)
* բորոտութիւն (borotutʻiwn)
* բորութիւն (borutʻiwn)
* քածբոր (kʻacbor)
* քածպոր (kʻacpor)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: բոր (bor)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “բոր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “բոր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “բոր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
# Лендєрова
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

From Лендєр (Lendjer) +‎ -ова (-ova). Most likely cognate with Slovak Lengyelová.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lɛɲɟɛˈrɔva]
* Rhymes: -ɔva
* Hyphenation: Лен‧дє‧ро‧ва

### Proper noun

Лендєрова (Lendjerova) f
* a female surname, female equivalent of Лендєр (Lendjer)

#### Usage notes

* See -ова (-ova).
# sempiternal
## English
### Etymology

From Old French sempiternel, from Medieval Latin sempiternālis, from Latin sempiternus, a contraction of semperæternus, from semper (“always”) + æternus (“eternal”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌsɛm.pɪˈtɜː.nəl/
* (General American) IPA: /ˌsɛm.pɪˈtɝ.nəl/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)nəl
* Hyphenation: sem‧pi‧ter‧nal

### Adjective

sempiternal (not comparable)
* Everlasting, eternal.
** 1841, R[alph] W[aldo] Emerson, “Essay X. Circles.”, in Essays, Boston, Mass.: James Munroe and Company, →OCLC, page 265:The one thing which we seek with insatiable desire is to forget ourselves, to be surprised out of our propriety, to lose our sempiternal memory, and to do something without knowing how or why; in short, to draw a new circle. Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.
** 1898, Thomas Hardy, “To Outer Nature”, in Wessex Poems and Other Verses, New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, stanza 6, page 151:Why not sempiternal / Thou and I? Our vernal / Brightness keeping, / Time outleaping: / Passed the hodiernal!
** 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 18:As they moved through the shop, which existed in a sempiternal twilight by what light filtered through the grimy windows that had not been washed for years, Rita paused to say, "You said there was some good stuff among this junk. Point me out something you wouldn't be glad to give away to get rid of it."
** 2008 August 2, Shivangi Singh, “A sneak-peek at ‘just friends’ of filmdom!”, in Zee News‎:[I]n filmdom, the sempiternal question continues: Can a male and female actor be just ‘good friends’?
* (philosophy) Everlasting, that is, having infinite temporal duration (as opposed to eternal: outside time and thus lacking temporal duration altogether).

#### Synonyms

* eternal

#### Related terms

* sempitern
* sempiternally
* sempiternity

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* intersample, planimeters
# ensamarbete
## Swedish
### Etymology

ensam (“alone”) +‎ arbete (“work”)

### Noun

ensamarbete n
* Solitary work; work involving being the only person or worker at a workplace, with the inherited risks thereof.
** 2022 April 29, MJ, “Coopbutik anmäls för ensamarbete [Coop store repoted for solitary work]”, in Fri Köpenskap‎, page 4:Fackförbundet Handels strider med Coop om huruvida det förekommer ensamarbete i butiken. – Vi kommer inte vidare. Vi har konstaterat att ensamarbete förekommer och vill därför att en riskanalys görs och åtgärder vidtas. Men arbetsgivaren hävdar att det inte förekommer något ensamarbete. Därför har vi lämnat in en anmälan till Arbetsmiljöverket, säger Mariana Arntsen, ombudsman och regionalt skyddsombud på Handels i Stockholm, till tidningen Handelsnytt.The Commercial Employees' Union is in dispute with Coop over whether there exist solitary work in the store. – We cannot move on. We have established that solitary work occurs and therefore want a risk analysis to be carried out and measures taken. But the employer claims that there is no solitary work. That is why we have submitted a report to the Swedish Work Environment Authority, says Mariana Arntsen, ombudsman and regional safety representative at Commercial Employees' Union in Stockholm, to the newspaper Handelsnytt.

#### Declension
### See also

* enmansarbete n (“one-man job”)

### Further reading

* ensamarbete in Svensk ordbok.
# wallet
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English walet (“bag, knapsack”), of uncertain origin. Possibly from an assumed Old Northern French *walet (“roll; bag; knapsack”), from Proto-Germanic *wal- (“to roll”). More at walk, well, wallow.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈwɒlɪt/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈwɑlət/, /ˈwɔlət/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒlɪt

### Noun

wallet (plural wallets)
* (US, UK) A small case, often flat and often made of leather, for keeping money (especially paper money), credit cards, etc.
    The thief stole all the money and credit cards out of the old man's wallet.
** 1987 August 15, Robert Benitez, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, volume 15, number 5, page 14:Master leathercrafter does handcrafted wallets, belts, purses, handbags etc., supporting self and helpers. Good enough to carve fantst art and portraits into leather.
* (by extension, informal) A person's bank account or assets.
    It's unknown if the pro running back's recent sex scandal will hit him in the wallet or not.
** 2001, Salman Rushdie, Fury: A Novel, London: Jonathan Cape, →ISBN, page 6:In all of India, China, Africa, and much of the southern American continent, those who had the leisure and wallet for fashion—or more simply, in the poorer latitudes, for the mere acquisition of things—would have killed for the street merchandise of Manhattan […]
* (computing, finance) An e-wallet or digital wallet.
* A thick case or folder with plastic sleeves in which compact discs may be stored.
    I won an auction online for a cheap CD wallet.
* (archaic) A bag or pouch.
    He brought with him a large wallet with some provisions for the road.
* (slang) A person's buttocks (the area of the body nearest where one keeps one's wallet).
    He fell down and landed on his wallet.

#### Synonyms

* billfold
* pocketbook

#### Derived terms

* champagne taste on a beer wallet
* cold wallet
* cryptocurrency wallet
* crypto wallet
* hardware wallet
* hot wallet
* I lost my wallet
* online wallet
* paper wallet
* password wallet
* peek wallet
* prison wallet
* sausage wallet
* vote with one's wallet
* walletless
* walletlike
* wallet name

#### Translations
### See also

* purse
* scrip

### Anagrams

* Atwell, Etwall, all wet

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

wallet
* second-person plural subjunctive I of wallen
# garuda
## English
### Etymology

From Sanskrit गरुड (garuḍa).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈɡæɹʊdə/
* (US) IPA: /ɡəˈɹuːdə/

### Noun

garuda (plural garudas)
* A large mythical bird or bird-like creature that appears in both Hindu and Buddhist mythology. Garuda is the son of Vinata.

#### Translations
### Further reading

* garuda on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Balinese
### Romanization

garuda
* Romanization of ᬕᬭᬸᬥ

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Javanese ꦒꦫꦸꦣ (garudha, “eagle”), from Old Javanese garuḍa, from Sanskrit गरुड (garuḍa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaˈruda/
* Rhymes: -da, -a
* Hyphenation: ga‧ru‧da

### Noun

garuda (uncountable)
* garuda: A large mythical bird or bird-like creature that appears in both Hindu and Buddhist mythology. Garuda is the son of Vinata. The bird is represented as an eagle, especially as elang Jawa or Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi).
** (colloquial) The Indonesian official coat of arms, Garuda Pancasila.
** (colloquial) The Indonesian national airline, Garuda Indonesia.

#### Alternative forms

* geroda (Standard Malay)

### Further reading

* “garuda” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# paraleloqram
## Azerbaijani
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

paraleloqram (definite accusative paraleloqramı, plural paraleloqramlar)
* (geometry) parallelogram
# կալիֆորնիում
## Armenian
### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kɑlifoɾˈnjum/, [kɑlifoɾnjúm]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

կալիֆորնիում • (kalifornium)
* Alternative form of կալիֆոռնիում (kalifoṙnium)
# yisíníłbą́
## Navajo
### Verb

yisíníłbą́
* second-person singular perfective of yoołbįįh
# powstŏwać
## Silesian
### Alternative forms

* powstować (simplified)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish powstawać. By surface analysis, po- +‎ wstŏwać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (non-Western) /pɔˈfstɔ.vat͡ɕ/, (Western Silesian) /pɔˈfstɔw.vat͡ɕ/, (Głogówek) /pɔˈfstɛw.vat͡ɕ/
* Audio (non-Western):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ, -ɔwvat͡ɕ, -ɛwvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: po‧wstŏ‧wać

### Verb

powstŏwać impf (perfective powstać)
* (intransitive) to rise up; to arise

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

### Further reading

* powstŏwać in silling.org
* Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “powstŏwać”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 118
# pr-dwꜣt
## Egyptian
### Etymology

pr (“house”) +‎ dwꜣt (“morning”) in a direct genitive construction, thus ‘house of the morning’.

### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /pɛr duːɑt/
** Conventional anglicization: per-duat

### Noun

m
* room for performing ablutions and ceremonially donning clothes and adornments, and where the Opening of the Mouth ritual is conducted; dressing room, robing room [since the Old Kingdom]

#### Alternative forms

pr-dwꜣt :

### References

* “pr-dwꜣ.t (lemma ID 60890)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 516
* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 425.10–425.14
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 90
# stjärnbild
## Swedish
### Noun

stjärnbild c
* (star) constellation

### Further reading

* stjärnbild in Svensk ordbok.
# -baz
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـباز, from Persian ـباز

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɑz/, [bɑz̪]
* Rhymes: -ɑz

### Suffix

-baz
* (added to nouns and adjectives) used to form nouns relating to the root noun or adjective, -er
    Synonym: -cı
    ‎sihir (“magic”) + ‎-baz → ‎sihirbaz (“magician”)
    ‎kumar (“gamble”) + ‎-baz → ‎kumarbaz (“gambler”)
    ‎çene (“jaw, chin”) + ‎-baz → ‎çenebaz (“loudmouth”)
    ‎zor (“hard”) + ‎-baz → ‎zorba (“bully”)
    ‎düzen (“order”) + ‎-baz → ‎düzenbaz (“trickster”)

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “+baz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# gicdıllaq
## Azerbaijani
### Alternative forms

* gijdıllaq, gijdıllax, gijdıllağ

### Etymology

From gic (“crazy, mad, stupid”) +‎ dıllaq (“cunt”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɟiʒdɯˈɫːɑχ]
* Hyphenation: gic‧dıl‧laq

### Noun

gicdıllaq (definite accusative gicdıllağı, plural gicdıllaqlar)
* (vulgar, offensive) dumbass, stupid fuck, dumb fuck
** 2012 August 5, Nihad Əhməd, (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎:Adama diyərlər ki ay bədbəxt, gör sən nə gündəsən ki polis şöbəsinə düşürsən, hələ bundan utanmaz-utanmaz fəxr də eləyirsən, a bala sən gicdıllaqsan? O polis şöbəsindən səni çıxartmağa gələn atanın məyusluğu sənə fəxr mənbəyidirsə, bəli, sən gicdıllaqsan.One would say, hey you, pathetic one, look at your life, you end up in a police station, and you are even shamelessly proud of it, what kind of a dumb fuck are you? If the disappointment of your father who has to come down to the police station to get you out is a source of pride for you, then you really are a dumb fuck.
* (vulgar, offensive) motherfucker (generic term of abuse)
# կոպեռնիցիում
## Armenian
### Etymology

Adaptation of New Latin copernicium.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /koperniˈt͡sʰjum/, [kopernit͡sʰjúm]

### Noun

կոպեռնիցիում • (kopeṙnicʻium)
* copernicium
# bŏczynie
## Silesian
### Etymology

From bŏczyć +‎ -ynie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (non-Western) /bɔˈt͡ʂɪ.ɲɛ/, (Western Silesian) /bɔwˈt͡ʂɪ.ɲɛ/, (Głogówek) /bɛwˈt͡ʂɪ.ɲɛ/
* Audio (non-Western):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪɲɛ
* Syllabification: bŏ‧czy‧nie

### Noun

bŏczynie n
* verbal noun of bŏczyć
* caution, heed, protection

### Further reading

* Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “bôcyńy”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 71
# 姬児
## Old Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 姬 | 児 |
| ひめ Hyōgai | こ Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi ||

### Noun

姬児 (pi$_1$me$_1$ko$_1$) (kana ひめこ)
* Alternative form of 姬子
# insektsart
## Swedish
### Noun

insektsart c
* insect species

### Further reading

* insektsart in Svensk ordbok.
# ليل
## Algerian Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic لَيْل (layl), from Proto-Semitic *laylay- (“night”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /liːl/

### Noun

ليل (līl) m (plural ليالي (lyāli))
* nighttime, night
    Antonym: نهار (nhār)

## Arabic
### Etymology

From the root ل ي ل (l y l). From Proto-Semitic *layl-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lajl/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

لَيْل • (layl) m (usually uncountable)
* nighttime, night
    Antonym: نَهَار (nahār)
* (countable, obsolete) chick of a bustard (حُبَارَى (ḥubārā)) and/or curlew (كَرَوَان (karawān))
* (countable, obsolete) bustard hen; bustard in general

#### Derived terms

* لَيْلَ نَهَارَ (layla nahāra)

#### Related terms

* لَيْلَة (layla)

### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “ليل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

## Egyptian Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic لَيْل (layl).

#### Noun

ليل • (lēl) m (collective, singulative ليلة f (lēla), plural ليالي (layāli))
* nighttime, night
    الدنيا بقت ليل ― id-dinya baʕit lēl ― Night came (literally, “it became night”)
    الليلة دي ― il-lēla di ― tonight (literally, “this night”)

### Etymology 2

Denominalization of ليل (lēl, “nighttime”).

#### Verb

ليّل • (layyil) II (active participle مليل (milayyil))
* (impersonal) to become night
    الدنيا ليّلت ― id-dinya layyilit ― Night came

##### Conjugation

$^1$ The future tense can be prefixed with either هـ (ha-) or حـ (ḥa-) depending on the speaker.

### See also

* بالليل (billēl, “at night”)
* الليلادي (illilādi, “tonight”)
* نهار (nahār, “daytime”)
* يوم (yōm, “day”)
* صبح (ṣubḥ, “morning”)

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic لَيْل (layl).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈleːl/, [ˈle̞ːl]

#### Noun

ليل • (lēl) m (collective, singulative ليلة f (lēla), plural ليالي (layāli))
* nighttime, night

### Etymology 2

From French Lille.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈliːl/

#### Proper noun

ليل • (līl) f
* Lille (a city in France)

## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Arabic لَيْل (layl).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lajl/, /liːl/
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

لَيْل or لِيل • (layl or līl) m (plural ليالي (lyāli))
* nighttime, night

##### Derived terms

* ليل ونهار (layl u nhār, līl u nhar, “all day long”)

##### Related terms

* ليلة (layla, līla)

### Etymology 2

From Arabic لِ (li). The final -l may be due to backformation from the personal forms, themselves derived by reduplication. Compare Maltese lil (“to, with”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /liːl/

#### Preposition

ليل • (līl)
* for
    Synonym: ل (li)

##### Inflection
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic لَيْل (layl).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /leːl/, [leːl]
* Audio (Amman):(file)

### Noun

ليل • (lēl) m (collective, singulative ليلة f (lēle), plural ليالي (layāli))
* night, nighttime
    Antonym: نهار (nhār)
    نصّ الليل ― noṣṣ il-lēl ― midnight
    Audio (Ramallah):(file)

#### See also

* فجر (fajr)
* صبحية (ṣabaḥiyye)
* صبح (ṣubḥ)
* نهار (nhār)
* ضهر (ḍuhr)
* عصر (ʕaṣr)
* مغرب (maḡreb)
* مسا (masa)
* ليل (lēl)
# peduli
## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* perduli (nonstandard)

### Etymology

From Malay peduli, from Arabic فُضُولِيّ (fuḍūliyy, “curious; meddlesome”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pəduli/
* Rhymes: -uli, -li

### Verb

peduli
* to care
* to pay attention

### Adjective

peduli
* aware

### Further reading

* “peduli” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Noun

peduli m
* plural of pedule

## Malay
### Etymology

From Arabic فُضُولِيّ (fuḍūliyy, “curious; meddlesome”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pə.du.li]
* Rhymes: -li, -i
* Hyphenation: pĕ‧du‧li

### Verb

peduli (Jawi spelling ڤدولي)
* to care, to concern oneself
* to bother, to mind

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* kepedulian [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
* dipedulikan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* mempedulikan

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: peduli
* → Tausug: paruli

### Further reading

* “peduli” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.