# sacro
## Galician
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin sacer, sacrum. Cf. also the inherited sagro.

### Adjective

sacro (feminine sacra, masculine plural sacros, feminine plural sacras)
* sacred
    Synonym: sagrado

### Noun

sacro m (plural sacros)
* (anatomy) sacrum

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsa.kro/
* Rhymes: -akro
* Hyphenation: sà‧cro

### Etymology 1

From Latin sacrum, from Proto-Italic *sakros, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂krós, derived from the root *seh₂k- (“to sanctify, to make a treaty”).

#### Alternative forms

* sagro (obsolete)

#### Adjective

sacro (feminine sacra, masculine plural sacri, feminine plural sacre)
* sacred

##### Derived terms

* sacrale

##### Related terms

* sacerdote
* sacramento
* sacrare
* sacrificio
* sacrilego
* sacrosanto

#### Participle

sacro (feminine sacra, masculine plural sacri, feminine plural sacre)
* (literary, rare) Synonym of sacrato, past participle of sacrare

#### Further reading

* sacro$^1$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Etymology 2

From Late Latin ōs sacrum, calque of Ancient Greek ἱερὸν ὀστέον (hieròn ostéon, “big bone”), with influence from ἱερός (hierós, “sacred”).

#### Adjective

sacro (invariable)
* Only used in osso sacro

#### Noun

sacro m (plural sacri)
* (anatomy) sacrum
    Synonym: osso sacro

#### Further reading

* sacro$^2$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Etymology 3

Probably from Arabic صَقْر (ṣaqr), with influence from sacro (“sacred”).

#### Alternative forms

* sagro

#### Noun

sacro m (plural sacri)
* saker falcon (Falco cherrug)
    Hypernym: falco

#### Further reading

* sacro$^3$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Anagrams

* Carso, corsa, scaro, scora, sorca

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *sakrāō. By surface analysis, sacer (“sacred, holy, sacrificial, doomed”) +‎ -ō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈsa.kroː/, [ˈs̠äkroː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈsa.kro/, [ˈsäːkro]

### Verb

sacrō (present infinitive sacrāre, perfect active sacrāvī, supine sacrātum); first conjugation
* to declare or set apart as sacred; consecrate, dedicate, hallow or devote; sanctify, enshrine
    Synonyms: dēdicō, dicō, addīcō, cōnsecrō, sanciō, voveō
    Antonym: exaugurō
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.200–201:[...] vigilemque sacrāverat ignem, / excubiās dīvom aeternās [...].[Iarbas] had consecrated ever-burning fire and eternal sentries of the gods [...]. (See: Iarbas.)
* to doom or devote to destruction, declare accursed, condemn
* (of a deity) to hold, worship or honor as sacred
* (by extension) to render imperishable, deify, immortalize

#### Conjugation

$^1$At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

#### Derived terms

* cōnsecrō
* obsecrō
* resecrō
* sacrāmentum
* sacrātē
* sacrātiō
* sacrātor
* sacrātus

#### Related terms

* sacer
* sacerdōs
* sacerdōtālis
* sacerdōtium
* sacerdōtula
* sacrāmentālis
* sacrārium
* sacrārius
* sacricola
* sacrifer
* sacrificālis
* sacrificātiō
* sacrificātor
* sacrificātus
* sacrificiolus
* sacrificium
* sacrificō
* sacrificulus
* sacrificus
* sacrilegē
* sacrilegus
* sacrōsanctus
* sacrum

#### Descendants

* Inherited forms: (but possibly semi-learned)
** Catalan: sagrar
** Italian: sacrare
** Old Occitan: sagrar
** Portuguese: sagrar
** Spanish: sagrar
* Borrowings:
** → Albanian: shëkroj (ancient borrowing)
** → English: sacrate
** → Old French: sacrer
*** → Breton: sakri
*** → Middle Dutch: sacreren
*** → Middle English: sacre
*** → Middle High German: sacrieren
** → Old Occitan: sacrar

### Adjective

sacrō
* dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of sacer

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “sacrāre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 11: S–Si, page 37

### Further reading

* “sacro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “sacro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* sacro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* sacro in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sacrum (“holy”), from sacer (“sacred, holy”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- (“to sanctify, to make a treaty”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsa.kɾu/
* Rhymes: -akɾu
* Hyphenation: sa‧cro

### Adjective

sacro (feminine sacra, masculine plural sacros, feminine plural sacras)
* sacred
    Synonyms: sagrado, santo, venerável

#### Derived terms

* sacro imperador
* Sacro Império Romano

#### Related terms

* sacramentado
* sacramental
* sacramentar
* sacramentário
* sacramento
* sacrário
* sacrificado
* sacrificador
* sacrifical
* sacrificante
* sacrificar
* sacrificável
* sacrifício
* sacrilégio
* sacrílego
* sacripanta
* sacristã
* sacristania
* sacristão
* sacristia
* sacrossanto
* sagração
* sagrado
* sagrar

### Noun

sacro m (plural sacros)
* sacrum (bone)

#### Hypernyms

* osso

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sacrum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsakɾo/ [ˈsa.kɾo]
* Rhymes: -akɾo
* Syllabification: sa‧cro

### Adjective

sacro (feminine sacra, masculine plural sacros, feminine plural sacras, superlative sacratísimo)
* sacred
    Synonyms: sagrado, santo
* (anatomy) sacral (of the sacrum)

#### Derived terms

* lumbosacro
* Sacro Imperio romano

#### Related terms

* sagrado (“sacred”)
** sacramento (“sacrament”)
** sacrosanto (“sacrosanct”)
** consagrar (“to consecrate”)

### Noun

sacro m (plural sacros)
* (anatomy) sacrum

### Further reading

* “sacro”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10