# beton
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch beton.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bəˈtɔn/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

beton (uncountable)
* concrete

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

### Noun

beton
* concrete

#### Declension
### References

* Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
* “beton”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɛton]
* Rhymes: -ɛton

### Noun

beton m inan
* concrete
* an alcoholic cocktail whose main ingredients are Becherovka and tonic

#### Derived terms

* betonárka
* betonový
* pěnobeton
* plynobeton
* pórobeton
* železobeton

#### Related terms

* betonárna
* betonář
* betonovat
* vybetonovat
* zabetonovat

### Further reading

* “beton”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “beton”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “beton”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”), from Gaulish [Term?].

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beˈtʌŋ/

#### Noun

beton c (singular definite betonen, plural indefinite betoner)
* concrete

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2
#### Verb

beton
* imperative of betone

### References

* “beton” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bəˈtɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: be‧ton
* Rhymes: -ɔn

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”), see there for more.

#### Noun

beton n (uncountable)
* concrete

##### Derived terms

* asfaltbeton
* betonblok
* betonboor
* betonconstructie
* betongaas
* betonijzer
* betonmolen
* betonpoot
* betonschaar
* betonvoetbal
* betonwals
* cellenbeton

##### Related terms

* bitumen

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: beton
* → Caribbean Javanese: béton
* → Indonesian: beton
* → Javanese: ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (beton)
* → Papiamentu: betòn

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

beton
* inflection of betonnen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

### Anagrams

* boent, boten

## Esperanto
### Noun

beton
* accusative singular of beto

## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Beton, from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɛton]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: be‧ton
* Rhymes: -on

### Noun

beton (countable and uncountable, plural betonok)
* concrete (building material)

#### Usage notes

This term (or its primary sense) is a material noun: any part of its denotation is called the same as the whole, so its meaning resembles that of an adjective (expressing a feature). As an uncountable noun, it is not used in the plural in its primary sense. When it still occurs, it refers to objects made out of this material (like coins or medals such as golds), portions held in containers (like coffees (“cups of cofee”)), or varieties (like wines (“types of wine”)).

#### Derived terms

* betonoz
* betonkeverő
* vasbeton

### Further reading

* beton in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* beton in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bəˈtɔn/
* Rhymes: -tɔn
* Hyphenation: bê‧ton

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dutch beton, from French béton, from Latin bitūmen. Doublet of bitumen.

#### Noun

bêton
* (real estate) concrete (a building material created by mixing cement, water, and aggregate such as gravel and sand)

#### Verb

bêton (active membeton, passive dibeton) (transitive)
* to concrete (to cover with or encase in concrete (building material))

##### Derived terms

* membeton
* pembetonan
* beton aspal
* beton bertulang
* beton busa
* beton pratekan

### Etymology 2

Reconstructed as batu +‎ -an, from Javanese ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ (beton). Doublet of batuan.

#### Noun

bêton (dialectal)
* the seed of a jackfruit

## Italian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”). Doublet of bitume.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beˈtɔn/

### Noun

beton m (invariable)
* concrete
    Synonyms: cemento, calcestruzzo

### Anagrams

* bonet

## Javanese
### Romanization

beton
* Romanization of ꦧꦼꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *bed (“prayer, request, plea”) +‎ -ōn. Related to Old English ġebedian (“to pray”) (modern English bead).

### Verb

betōn
* to pray

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: beten
** German: beten

## Polish
### Etymology

Internationalism; compare French béton, ultimately from Latin bitūmen. Doublet of bitum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɛ.tɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛtɔn
* Syllabification: be‧ton

### Noun

beton m inan
* concrete (a building material created by mixing cement, water, and aggregate such as gravel and sand)
    beton komórkowy ― cellular concrete
    warstwa betonu ― a layer of concrete
    wylewać/wylać beton ― to lay/pour concrete
    wylewać/wylać/zalewać/zalać betonem ― to pour (something) with concrete
* (colloquial, derogatory) stick in the mud, old fogey (a person or organization who is slow, old-fashioned, or unprogressive)

#### Derived terms

* betoniarski
* betonowy
* asfaltobeton
* betoniak
* betoniarka
* betoniarnia
* betoniarz
* betonit
* betonizacja
* betonka
* betonoskop
* betonownia
* betonowóz
* betonoza
* na mur beton
* betonować impf
* obetonowywać impf, obetonować pf
* wbetonowywać impf, wbetonować pf
* wybetonowywać impf, wybetonować pf
* zabetonowywać impf, zabetonować pf

### Further reading

* beton in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* beton in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”), from Gaulish [Term?].

### Noun

beton n (plural betoane)
* concrete

#### Declension
### Adjective

beton m or f or n (indeclinable)
* (slang) cool, awesome, lit, dope, insane

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bětoːn/
* Hyphenation: be‧ton

### Noun

bètōn m (Cyrillic spelling бѐто̄н)
* concrete

#### Declension
## Slovene
### Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛtóːn/

### Noun

betọ̑n m inan
* concrete (building material)

#### Inflection
## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French béton (“concrete”), from Latin bitūmen (“asphalt”).

### Noun

beton (definite accusative betonu, plural betonlar)
* concrete (building material)