# 鉤

| 鉤 | U+9264, &#37476; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9264 |
| ← 鉣 [U+9263] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鉥 → [U+9265] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鉤 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 金心口 (CPR), four-corner 8712$_0$, composition ⿰釒句)

#### Derived characters

* 𦽋, 𥴴

#### Related characters

* 鈎 (Variant traditional form)
* 钩 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1302, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40319
* Dae Jaweon: page 1804, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4188, character 6
* Unihan data for U+9264

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鉤 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 勾 | *koː, *koːs |
| 鉤 | *koː |
| 鴝 | *koː, *ɡo |
| 句 | *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo |
| 夠 | *koː, *koːs, *kʰoː |
| 枸 | *koː, *koːʔ, *koʔ |
| 軥 | *koː, *koːs, *ɡo |
| 狗 | *koːʔ |
| 苟 | *koːʔ |
| 岣 | *koːʔ, *ko |
| 笱 | *koːʔ |
| 玽 | *koːʔ |
| 耇 | *koːʔ |
| 豿 | *koːʔ, *qʰroːɡ |
| 敂 | *koːʔ |
| 怐 | *koːs, *kʰoːs, *qʰoːs, *kos |
| 雊 | *koːs |
| 竘 | *kʰoːʔ, *kʰoʔ |
| 齁 | *qʰoː |
| 呴 | *qʰoːʔ, *qʰos |
| 蚼 | *qʰoːʔ, *ɡo |
| 豞 | *qʰoːs |
| 訽 | *qʰoːs, *ɡoːs |
| 佝 | *qʰoːs |
| 拘 | *ko |
| 駒 | *ko |
| 眗 | *ko |
| 跔 | *ko |
| 鮈 | *ko |
| 痀 | *ko |
| 蒟 | *koʔ, *kos |
| 絇 | *kos, *ɡo |
| 邭 | *kos |
| 劬 | *ɡo |
| 朐 | *ɡo |
| 鼩 | *ɡo |
| 斪 | *ɡo |
| 翑 | *ɡo |
| 葋 | *ɡo |
| 姁 | *ɡo, *qʰo, *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 欨 | *qʰo, *qʰoʔ |
| 喣 | *qʰoʔ |
| 煦 | *qʰoʔ, *qʰos |
| 昫 | *qʰos |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōu (gou$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngau$^1$ / gau$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kiêu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gêu$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gău
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kau / ko͘ / kio
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gao$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$keu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gou
*** Wade–Giles: kou$^1$
*** Yale: gōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gou
*** Palladius: гоу (gou)
*** Sinological IPA : /koʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngau$^1$ / gau$^1$
*** Yale: ngāu / gāu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngau$^1$ / gau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngeo$^1$ / geo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɐu̯⁵⁵/, /kɐu̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiêu
*** Hakka Romanization System: gieu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gieu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯eu̯²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gêu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /keu⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gău
*** Sinological IPA : /kau⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau
*** Tâi-lô: kau
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘
*** Tâi-lô: koo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kof
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kio
*** Tâi-lô: kio
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kioy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kio³³/
* kau - vernacular;
* ko͘/kio - literary.
* Middle Chinese: kuw
Rime :
| Character | 鉤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古侯切 |
| Baxter | kuw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kəu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəw/ |
| Li Rong | /ku/ |
| Wang Li | /kəu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gōu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gau$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kˤ](r)o/
    (Zhengzhang): /*koː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 鉤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gōu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kuw › |
| Old Chinese | /*[kˁ](r)o/ |
| English | hook |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鉤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7062 |
| Phonetic component | 句 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鉤 |
| Old Chinese | /*koː/ |

### Definitions

鉤
* hook; barb (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
    魚鉤／鱼钩 ― yúgōu ― fish hook
       zoeng$^1$ go$^3$ doi$^{6-2}$ gwaa$^3$ hai$^2$ go$^3$ ngau$^1$ dou$^6$ [Jyutping]
       Hang the bag on the hook
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Bǐ qiè gōu zhě zhū, qiè guó zhě wèi zhūhóu, zhūhóu zhī mén, ér rén yì cún yān, zé shì fēi qiè rén yì shèng zhì yé? [Pinyin]
    Here is one who steals a hook (for his girdle) - he is put to death for it: here is another who steals a state - he becomes its prince. But it is at the gates of the princes that we find benevolence and righteousness (most strongly) professed - is not this stealing benevolence and righteousness, sageness and wisdom?
* (obsolete) sickle
* checkmark (Classifier: 個／个 m)
* to hook
* to crochet
* to sew with large stitches
* (literary) to investigate
    鉤沉／钩沉 ― gōuchén ― to recover or uncover obscure information
* (Chinese calligraphy) a stroke with a hook (such as in ㇠, ㇆, ㇚, or ㇟)
* (regional, card games) jack (J)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 鉤兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 鉤, 十一 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 鉤, 十一 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 丁子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 丁鉤兒, 甲鉤兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 丁鉤兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 鉤子, 鉤, 鉤鉤, 孫子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 鉤鉤, 鉤, 夾鉤 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 歐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 丁鉤 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 茄鉤, 傑鉤 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 積 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 積 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 積 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 積 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 鉤 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鉤 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 鉤子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 鉤子, 鉤 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 鉤子 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 丁鉤 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 鉤子 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 丁 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 丁 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 丁 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 茄勾 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 斜鉤 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 茄杠 |

#### Coordinate terms

* (basic character strokes) 點 / 点 (diǎn), 橫 / 横, 豎 / 竖 (shù), 提, 捺 (nà), 撇, 折, 鉤 / 钩 (gōu), 彎 / 弯 (wān), 斜

### Compounds

* 上鉤 / 上钩 (shànggōu)
* 伸鉤索鐵 / 伸钩索铁
* 倒下鉤子 / 倒下钩子
* 倒掛金鉤 / 倒挂金钩
* 刈鉤 / 刈钩
* 吊鉤 / 吊钩
* 吳鉤 / 吴钩
* 單鉤 / 单钩
* 壁鉤 / 壁钩
* 射鉤 / 射钩
* 帶鉤 / 带钩 (dàigōu)
* 帳鉤 / 帐钩
* 彎鉤 / 弯钩 (wāngōu)
* 懸鉤子 / 悬钩子 (xuángōuzi)
* 拖鉤 / 拖钩
* 掛上鉤 / 挂上钩
* 探鉤 / 探钩
* 掛鉤 / 挂钩 (guàgōu)
* 掛鉤子 / 挂钩子
* 握鉤伸鐵 / 握钩伸铁
* 撓鉤 / 挠钩
* 攝魄鉤魂 / 摄魄钩魂
* 有鉤絛蟲 / 有钩绦虫
* 無鉤絛蟲 / 无钩绦虫
* 玉鉤 / 玉钩
* 研精鉤深 / 研精钩深
* 禮樂為鉤 / 礼乐为钩
* 秤鉤 / 秤钩 (chènggōu)
* 竊鉤竊國 / 窃钩窃国
* 竊鉤者誅，竊國者侯 / 窃钩者诛，窃国者侯 (qiè gōu zhě zhū, qiè guó zhě hóu)
* 脫鉤 / 脱钩 (tuōgōu)
* 蓮鉤 / 莲钩
* 藏鉤 / 藏钩
* 規矩鉤繩 / 规矩钩绳
* 豎折彎鉤 / 竖折弯钩 (shùzhéwāngōu)
* 車鉤 / 车钩 (chēgōu)
* 輪鉤 / 轮钩
* 金鉤 / 金钩
* 釣鉤 / 钓钩 (diàogōu)
* 鉤元提要 / 钩元提要
* 鉤勒 / 钩勒 (gōulè)
* 鉤吻 / 钩吻 (gōuwěn)
* 鉤子 / 钩子 (gōuzi)
* 鉤弦 / 钩弦
* 鉤心鬥角 / 钩心斗角
* 鉤戟 / 钩戟
* 鉤手 / 钩手 (gōushǒu)
* 鉤援 / 钩援
* 鉤搭 / 钩搭
* 鉤摭 / 钩摭
* 鉤校 / 钩校
* 鉤梯 / 钩梯
* 鉤欄 / 钩栏
* 鉤沉 / 钩沉 (gōuchén)
* 鉤深致遠 / 钩深致远
* 鉤爪 / 钩爪
* 鉤爪鋸牙 / 钩爪锯牙
* 鉤玄 / 钩玄
* 鉤玄提要 / 钩玄提要
* 鉤竿子 / 钩竿子
* 鉤索 / 钩索
* 鉤索羅織 / 钩索罗织
* 鉤絡帶 / 钩络带
* 鉤腸債 / 钩肠债
* 鉤藤 / 钩藤 (gōuténg)
* 鉤蟲 / 钩虫
* 鉤輈格磔 / 钩辀格磔
* 鉤邊 / 钩边
* 鉤針 / 钩针 (gōuzhēn)
* 鉤鐮槍 / 钩镰枪
* 鉤隱抉微 / 钩隐抉微
* 鉤章棘句 / 钩章棘句
* 鉤黨 / 钩党 (gōudǎng)
* 銀鉤 / 银钩
* 銀鉤蠆尾 / 银钩虿尾
* 銀鉤鐵畫 / 银钩铁画
* 鋸牙鉤爪 / 锯牙钩爪
* 鐵畫銀鉤 / 铁画银钩
* 鐵筆銀鉤 / 铁笔银钩
* 鐵鉤 / 铁钩
* 雙鉤 / 双钩
* 雙鉤廓填 / 双钩廓填
* 魚鉤 / 鱼钩 (yúgōu)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: く (ku)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: かぎ (kagi, 鉤)、かける (kakeru, 鉤ける)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 鉤
* かぎ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 鈎
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かぎ [kàgíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [ka̠ɡʲi]

### Noun

鉤(かぎ) • (kagi)
* hook

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

鉤 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鉤: Hán Nôm readings: câu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.