# 雝

| 雝 | U+96DD, &#38621; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96DD |
| ← 雜 [U+96DC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 雞 → [U+96DE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

雝 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 女山人土 (VUOG), four-corner 2071$_4$, composition ⿰邕隹)

#### Derived characters

* 𡄸, 𢹬, 灉, 𡓱, 𢹭, 𤫔, 𤮲, 𦉥, 𩟷, 廱, 癰

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1369, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42123
* Dae Jaweon: page 1875, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4108, character 3
* Unihan data for U+96DD

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 雝 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 郺 | *qoːŋʔ, *qoŋ |
| 齆 | *qoːŋs |
| 甕 | *qoːŋs |
| 罋 | *qoːŋs, *qoŋ |
| 雍 | *qoŋ, *qoŋs |
| 邕 | *qoŋ |
| 嗈 | *qoŋ |
| 灉 | *qoŋ, *qoŋs |
| 癰 | *qoŋ |
| 廱 | *qoŋ |
| 雝 | *qoŋ |
| 壅 | *qoŋ, *qoŋʔ, *qoŋs |
| 饔 | *qoŋ |
| 噰 | *qoŋ |
| 澭 | *qoŋ |
| 擁 | *qoŋ, *qoŋʔ |
| 臃 | *qoŋ |
Original meaning unknown. In oracle bone inscriptions, phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qoŋ): phonetic 吕 (OC *kuŋ) + semantic 隹 (“bird”). The phonetic component is not 吕 (OC *ɡ·raʔ), but ancient form of 宮 (OC *kuŋ). Some variants also contained 水. In the Warring States period the 吕 below 水 had corrupted into 邑, making 邕 (OC *qoŋ) the new phonetic component.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yōng (yong$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jung$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yong
*** Wade–Giles: yung$^1$
*** Yale: yūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iong
*** Palladius: юн (jun)
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jung$^1$
*** Yale: yūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'jowng
Rime :
| Character | 雝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於容切 |
| Baxter | 'jowng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔɨoŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔioŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔioŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔuawŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔioŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭwoŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔi̯woŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qoŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 雝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15410 |
| Phonetic component | 邕 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 邕 |
| Old Chinese | /*qoŋ/ |

### Definitions

雝
* Alternative form of 雍 (yōng, “harmony; peaceful”)
* Used in 雝渠 (yōngqú, “wagtail”).
* Used in 雝雝 (yōngyōng, “peace and harmony”).

#### Compounds

* 肅雝 / 肃雍
* 雝渠 (yōngqú)
* 雝雝 / 雍雍 (yōngyōng)
* 雝𪆫 / 雍𱊨

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): よう (yō)、ゆ (yu)
* Kun: やわらぐ (yawaragu)

## Korean
### Hanja

雝 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.