# स्वर्ग
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वर्ग (svargá). Cognate with Malay syurga, Telugu స్వర్గం (svargaṁ), Thai สวรรค์ (sà-wǎn).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /sʋəɾɡ/, [sʋɐɾɡ]

### Noun

स्वर्ग • (svarg) m (Urdu spelling سورگ)
* paradise, heaven, abode of the gods
    Synonyms: (chiefly Islam) जन्नत (jannat), सुखदाम (sukhdām), शमलोक (śamlok)
    देवदूत उसे स्वर्ग में ले गए।devdūt use svarg mẽ le gae.The angels took him to heaven.
* (Hinduism) svarga

#### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “स्वर्ग”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

## Marathi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit स्वर्ग (svarga). First attested as Old Marathi 𑘭𑘨𑘿𑘐 (sarga, “heaven”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sʋəɾ.ɡə/

### Noun

स्वर्ग • (svarga) m
* heaven; svarga
    Antonym: नरक (narak)

#### Declension
### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “स्वर्ग”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “सर्ग”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* স্বৰ্গ (Assamese script)
* ᬲ᭄ᬯᬃᬕ (Balinese script)
* স্বর্গ (Bengali script)
* 𑰭𑰿𑰪𑰨𑰿𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀲𑁆𑀯𑀭𑁆𑀕 (Brahmi script)
* သွရ်္ဂ (Burmese script)
* સ્વર્ગ (Gujarati script)
* ਸ੍ਵਰ੍ਗ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌸𑍍𑌵𑌰𑍍𑌗 (Grantha script)
* ꦱ꧀ꦮꦂꦒ (Javanese script)
* 𑂮𑂹𑂫𑂩𑂹𑂏 (Kaithi script)
* ಸ್ವರ್ಗ (Kannada script)
* ស្វគ៌ (Khmer script)
* ສ຺ວຣ຺ຄ (Lao script)
* സ്വര്ഗ (Malayalam script)
* ᠰᠣᠸᠠᡵᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘭𑘿𑘪𑘨𑘿𑘐 (Modi script)
* ᠰᢦᠷᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧍𑧠𑧊𑧈𑧠𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐬𑑂𑐐 (Newa script)
* ସ୍ଵର୍ଗ (Odia script)
* ꢱ꣄ꢮꢬ꣄ꢔ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆱𑇀𑆮𑆫𑇀𑆓 (Sharada script)
* 𑖭𑖿𑖪𑖨𑖿𑖐 (Siddham script)
* ස‍්වර්‍ග (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪁 𑪙𑩾𑩼 𑪙𑩞 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚨𑚶𑚦𑚤𑚶𑚌 (Takri script)
* ஸ்வர்க³ (Tamil script)
* స్వర్గ (Telugu script)
* สฺวรฺค (Thai script)
* སྭ་རྒ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒩𑓂𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨰𑩇𑨭𑨫𑩇𑨍 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *suHargás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *suHargás, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂ul-gʷḿ̥-s (“going to the sun”). Directly cognate with Ancient Greek ἠλίβατος (ēlíbatos, “high, steep”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /sʋɐɾ.ɡɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈs̪ʋɐɾ.ɡɐ/

### Noun

स्वर्ग • (svargá) stem, m
* heaven, paradise
* domain of Indra, chief among the devas
* celestial abode of light and of the gods

#### Declension
### Adjective

स्वर्ग • (svargá)
* heavenly
* celestial

#### Coordinate terms

* इन्द्रलोक (indraloka, “Indraloka, the realm of Indra”)
* विष्णुलोक (viṣṇuloka, “Vishnuloka, the realm of Vishnu”)
* वैकुण्ठ (vaikuṇṭha, “Vaikuntha, without anxieties, the domain of Vishnu”)

#### Derived terms

* स्वर्गगत (svargagata, “going to heaven”)
* स्वर्गपति (svargapati, “lord of Heaven, a name for Indra”)

#### Descendants

* Awadhi: सरग (sarag)
* Magahi: 𑂮𑂩𑂏 (sarag)
* Odia: ସ୍ୱର୍ଗ (swarga)
* Old Marathi: 𑘭𑘨𑘿𑘐 (sarga)
* Pali: sagga
* Punjabi: سُرَگ (surag) / ਸੁਰਗ (surag)
* Sindhi: سُرْڳُ (surgu)
* Sylheti: ꠢꠣꠉ (hag)
* Urdu: سرگ (surg)
* → Assamese: সৰগ (xorog), স্বৰ্গ (sorgo)
* → Bengali: স্বর্গ (śorgo)
* → Hindi: स्वर्ग (svarg)
* → Kannada: ಸ್ವರ್ಗ (svarga)
* → Khmer: សួគ៌ (suə)
* → Lao: ສະຫວັນ (sa wan)
* → Lü: ᦉᦛᧃ (ṡv̇an)
* → Malay: syurga (شرݢ)
** → Central Dusun: surga
** → Indonesian: surga
* → Marathi: स्वर्ग (svarga)
* → Tamil: சொர்க்கம் (corkkam)
* → Thai: สวรรค์ (sà-wǎn)
* → Telugu: స్వర్గము (svargamu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “स्वर्ग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1281.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 795