# 酥

| 酥 | U+9165, &#37221; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9165 |
| ← 酤 [U+9164] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 酦 → [U+9166] |

## Translingual
### Han character

酥 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一田竹木 (MWHD), four-corner 1269$_4$, composition ⿰酉禾)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1282, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39835
* Dae Jaweon: page 1782, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3579, character 1
* Unihan data for U+9165

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sŋaː): semantic 酉 (“alcohol”) + abbreviated phonetic 穌 (OC *sŋaː).

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): sū (su$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): su$^1$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sou$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhu$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): su$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sû
    (Meixian, Guangdong): si$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): su$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): sú
* Eastern Min (BUC): sŭ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): so͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sou$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$su
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sou$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sū
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: su
*** Wade–Giles: su$^1$
*** Yale: sū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: su
*** Palladius: су (su)
*** Sinological IPA : /su⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: su$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: su
*** Sinological IPA : /su⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sou$^1$
*** Yale: sōu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sou$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sou̯⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lhu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬu³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: su$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /su⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sû
*** Hakka Romanization System: su$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: su$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /su²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: si$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: su$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /su¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sú
*** Sinological IPA : /su⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sŭ
*** Sinological IPA : /su⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: so͘
*** Tâi-lô: soo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sof
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sɔ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɔ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sɔ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sou$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sou
*** Sinological IPA : /sou³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$su
*** MiniDict: su$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$su
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /su⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: sou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /səu̯³³/
* Middle Chinese: su
Rime :
| Character | 酥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 素姑切 |
| Baxter | su |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /suo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /suo/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /so/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɔ/ |
| Li Rong | /so/ |
| Wang Li | /su/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /suo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sū |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sou$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sŋaː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 酥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12094 |
| Phonetic component | 酥 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 蘇 |
| Old Chinese | /*sŋaː/ |
| Notes | 穌省聲 |

### Definitions

酥
* (archaic) butter
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alcohol
* crispy; flaky; crunchy; crumbly
    鹹酥雞／咸酥鸡 ― xiánsūjī ― salty crispy chicken
* flaky pastry; shortbread
    鳳梨酥／凤梨酥 ― fènglísū ― pineapple cake
* weak; limp
    Alternative form: (obsolete) 䜹
* soft; satiny

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 脆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 脆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 脆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 脆, 酥 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 脆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 脆, 酥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 脆, 酥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 脆, 酥 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 脆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 酥 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 脆, 酥, 爽, 爽脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 脆, 酥, 爽, 爽脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 脆 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 爽 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 脆 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 脆, 酥 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 酥 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 脆 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 酥 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 鬆, 酥 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 酥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 酥, 脆 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 酥 GT |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 脆, 酥 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 酥, 脆 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 酥 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 酥 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 脆 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 脆 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 脆 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 脆 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

### Compounds

* 凝酥
* 叉燒酥 / 叉烧酥 (chāshāosū)
* 合桃酥
* 團酥 / 团酥
* 土酥
* 大辣酥
* 寒酥
* 屠酥
* 打剌酥
* 打辣酥
* 排骨酥
* 撇酥兒 / 撇酥儿
* 方塊酥 / 方块酥
* 暖酥
* 桃酥 (táosū)
* 棗泥酥 / 枣泥酥
* 油蔥酥 / 油葱酥
* 油酥 (yóusū)
* 流酥
* 清酥
* 滴粉搓酥
* 滴酥
* 牛脷酥
* 牛酥
* 王梨酥
* 玉酥
* 瓊酥 / 琼酥
* 癢酥酥 / 痒酥酥
* 皮蛋酥
* 破酥包
* 粉頸酥胸 / 粉颈酥胸
* 紅酥 / 红酥
* 肉酥 (ròusū)
* 芋頭酥 / 芋头酥
* 蛋黃酥 / 蛋黄酥
* 蟾酥 (chánsū)
* 軟酥酥 / 软酥酥
* 辣酥酥
* 酥乳
* 酥倒
* 酥僉 / 酥佥
* 酥懈
* 酥油 (sūyóu)
* 酥油茶 (sūyóuchá)
* 酥油草
* 酥湯 / 酥汤
* 酥潤 / 酥润
* 酥燈 / 酥灯
* 酥燒 / 酥烧
* 酥皮 (sūpí)
* 酥簽 / 酥签
* 酥糖
* 酥脆 (sūcuì)
* 酥胸 (sūxiōng)
* 酥腰
* 酥花
* 酥蜜
* 酥融
* 酥軟 / 酥软 (sūruǎn)
* 酥酒
* 酥酡
* 酡酥
* 酥酪
* 酥醪
* 酥雨
* 酥餅 / 酥饼 (sūbǐng)
* 酥鬆 / 酥松
* 酥麻
* 酪酥
* 酴酥
* 鑽冰求酥 / 钻冰求酥
* 靈酥 / 灵酥
* 香酥 (xiāngsū)
* 駝酥 / 驼酥
* 骨軟筋酥 / 骨软筋酥
* 骨軟肉酥 / 骨软肉酥
* 魚酥 / 鱼酥
* 鳳梨酥 / 凤梨酥 (fènglísū)
* 鵝黃酥 / 鹅黄酥
* 鹹酥 / 咸酥
* 鹹酥雞 / 咸酥鸡 (xiánsūjī)
* 鹽酥 / 盐酥
* 鹽酥雞 / 盐酥鸡 (yánsūjī)
* 麻酥糖
* 麻酥酥
* 點酥 / 点酥
* 點酥娘 / 点酥娘

### References

* Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “酥” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].
* “酥”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* “酥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* milk

#### Readings

* Go-on: す (su)
* Kan-on: そ (so)
* Kun: ちちざけ (chichizake)

## Korean
### Hanja

酥 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
* butter
* flaky
* crispy, light, fluffy

## Vietnamese
### Han character

酥: Hán Nôm readings: tô
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.