# ē

| ē | U+0113, &#275; LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH MACRON |
| Composition: | e [U+0065] + ◌̄ [U+0304] |
| ← Ē [U+0112] | Latin Extended-A | Ĕ → [U+0114] |

## Translingual
### Symbol

ē
* (phonetics) A common convention for a long vowel e
* (alchemy, archaic) abbreviation for quintessence, quinta essentia
    Synonyms: QE, 𝒬, q̄

## English
### Symbol

ē
* (lexicography) A dictionary transcription for the FLEECE vowel

## Hokkien

* For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 會 (“to be possible; can”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 會).
* For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 裔 (“descendant; posterity; edge; brim; margin; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 裔).
* For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 解 (“skill of acrobatics”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 解).
* For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 廈 (“Only used in 廈門／厦门 (Xiàmén); also used as its short form.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 廈).
* For pronunciation and definitions of ē – see 禍 (“disaster; misfortune; calamity; to bring disaster upon”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 禍).

## Japanese
### Romanization

ē
* Rōmaji transcription of ええ
* Rōmaji transcription of エー

## Latvian
### Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɛː], IPA: [æː]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Letter

ē (lower case, upper case Ē)
* The eighth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called garais ē and written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Despite being an independent letter with its own position in the Latvian alphabet, Ē/ē, like all long vowels with macrons, is treated as a simple E/e in alphabetized lists (e.g., in dictionaries).
* The letter Ē/ē (like its short counterpart E/e) represent two sounds, [ɛ] — šaurais e (“narrow e”) — and [æ] — platais e (“broad e”). In principle, [ɛ] is used when there is a palatal element (the vowels i, ī, e, ē, the diphthongs ie, ei, and the palatal consonants j, ķ, ģ, ļ, ņ, š, ž, č, dž, and, in the old spelling, ŗ) either in the same or in the following syllable; otherwise, [æ] is used. Unfortunately, some historical changes have obscured this pattern by removing some previously existing palatal elements; as a result of that, for a number of words the actual pronunciation of the letter e — [ɛ] or [æ] — must be memorized.

#### See also

* Letters of the Latvian alphabet:
    burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

## Livonian
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /eː/

### Letter

ē (upper case Ē)
* The ninth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) kēratēd̦; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, D̦ d̦, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

## Mandarin
### Alternative forms

* e — nonstandard

### Romanization

ē (e$^1$, Zhuyin ㄜ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 妸
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 妿
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 娿
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 婀
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 婐
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屙
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峉
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 猔
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 疤
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 痾 / 疴
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈳 / 钶
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 钶
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 阾

## Maori
### Letter

ē
* a lengthened form of the letter e

## Niuean
### Particle

ē (vocative particle)
* o, oh, behold

## North Frisian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɛː]

### Letter

ē (lower case, upper case Ē)
* (Sylt) A letter of the North Frisian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Occurs only before ⟨r⟩. The other dialects use ⟨ää⟩ for [ɛː].

### See also

* (North Frisian letters): a, ä, å, ā, b, c, d, đ, e, ē, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, ö, p, r, s, t, u, ü, v, w (q, x, y, z)

## Samoan
### Pronoun

ē (singular lē)
* (plural only) who; that; which

## Slovene
### Etymology 1

Letter e with macron ◌̄ to signify presence of both pitches.

#### Pronunciation

* (phoneme): IPA: /ɛ́ː/, IPA: /ɛ̀ː/

#### Symbol

ē
* (tonal SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [ɛː] when it can bear either pitch.

##### Usage notes

Symbol is sometimes used as a letter to denote pitch in a word, but that is mostly limited to foreign or specialized dictionaries.

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (sound): IPA: /eː/
* (sound, educated): IPA: /ɛː/

#### Letter

ē (lower case, upper case Ē)
* (linguistics) Letter used for transcription of Ancient Greek letter Η / η.

### See also

* ë
* é
* è
* e
* ê
* ȩ
* ɛ
* ḙ
* ė
* ẹ
* ə

### References

* Toporišič, Jože (2000) Slovenska slovnica / Jože Toporišič. - 4. prenovljena in razširjena izd. (in Slovene), Maribor: Obzorja, →ISBN
* Toporišič, Jože (2001) “Slovaropisna pravila”, in Slovenski pravopis (in Slovene), Ljubljana: ZRC SAZU, →ISBN, page 174