# قان
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

From the root ق ي ن (q y n), or denominal verb of قَيْن (qayn, “smith”), an ur-Semitic noun.

#### Verb

قَانَ • (qāna) I (non-past يَقِينُ (yaqīnu), verbal noun قَيْن (qayn))
* to forge, to smith; to assemble, to arrange, to get together into order

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

قَان • (qān) m
* alternative form of خَان (ḵān, “khan”)

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

Derived from the active participle of قَنَا (qanā, “to reach out to, to acquire”).

#### Noun

قانٍ • (qānin) m (plural قَانِيَة (qāniya))
* appropriator, owner

##### Declension
### Etymology 4

Apparently borrowed from Khorezmian Turkic, from Proto-Turkic *kiān (“blood”).

#### Noun

قَان • (qān) m
* (obsolete, only genitive attribute of أَحْمَر (ʔaḥmar, “red”)) blood
** 975–997, محمد بن أحمد الخوارزمي [muḥammad ibn ʕaḥmad al-ḵwārizmī], edited by Gerlof van Vloten, مفاتيح العلوم [mafātīḥ al-ʕulūm], Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1895, pages 169 line 12–170 line 2:الَوْرْس يجلب من اليمن أحمر قانٍ يوجد على قشور شجر ينحت منها ويجمع وهو شبيه بالزعفران المسحوقWars is imported from Yemen, blood-red, produces a tree-rind hewn out and collected and it is similar to brayed saffron.commented in Seidel, Ernst (1915) “Die Medizin im Kitâb Mafâtîḥ al ʿUlûm”, in Sitzungsberichte der Physikalisch-Medizinischen Sozietät zu Erlangen‎ (in German), volume 47, page 37 Anm. 89

##### Declension
### Etymology 5

Unknown, probably an Old South Arabian borrowing, possibly related to قَنَا (qanā), قَنَى (qanā, “to acquire, to obtain”), or to قَنَاة (qanāh, “spear”).

#### Noun

قَان • (qān) m (collective, singulative قَانَة f (qāna))
* (obsolete, Tihāma) a kind of hardwood tree from which bows are made
** a. 869, الْجَاحِظ [al-jāḥiẓ], “باب ما يُجلب من البلدان من طرائف السلع والأمتعة والجواري والأحجار وغير ذلك [What one imports from strange countries in items, commodities, she-slaves, stones and else.]”, in التَبَصُّر بِٱلتِّجَارَة [at-tabaṣṣur bi-t-tijāra]‎:ومن أرض العرب: الخيل العِراب والنَّعَام والنَّجائب والقانة والأَدَم.From the Arabian lands one gets: Pure-bred horses, ostrichs, female Arabian camels, the qāna, and tanned hides.

##### Declension
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

قان (countable and uncountable, definite accusative قانی)
* Arabic spelling of qan (“blood”)

## Chagatai
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kān (“blood”).

### Noun

قان (qan)
* blood

#### Descendants

* Uyghur: قان (qan) / қан (qan)
* Uzbek: qon

## Kazakh
### Noun

قان • (transliteration needed)
* Arabic spelling of қан (qan).

## Khalaj
### Noun

قان (qân, qâan) (definite accusative قانؽ, plural قانلار)
* Arabic spelling of qân, qâan (“blood”)

#### Declension
## Kipchak
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kān (“blood”).

### Noun

قان (kan) (Mamluk-Kipchak)
* blood

#### Derived terms

* قان آلچی (kan alçı, “lancet”)

#### References

* Houtsma, Martin Theodor (1894) Ein türkisch-arabisches Glossar, nach der Leidener Handschrift herausgegeben und erläutert‎, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 86
* Houtsma, Martin Theodor (1894) Ein türkisch-arabisches Glossar, nach der Leidener Handschrift herausgegeben und erläutert‎, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 21 (٢١) line 18

## Kyrgyz
### Noun

قان • (qan)
* Arabic spelling of кан (kan).

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kān (“blood”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰴𐰣 (qan), Azerbaijani qan, Bashkir ҡан (qan), Chuvash юн (jun), Kazakh қан (qan), Kyrgyz кан (kan), Turkmen gan, Uyghur قان (qan⁩), Uzbek qon and Yakut хаан (qaan).

### Noun

قان • (kan) (definite accusative قانی (kanı), plural قانلر (kanlar))
* blood, a vital bodily fluid flowing in the bodies of many types of animals
    Synonyms: خون (hun), دم (dem)
* (by extension) venesection, phlebotomy, the cutting open or exposing a vein
* (by extension) bloodshed, bloodbath, carnage, any slaughter on a large scale

#### Derived terms

* بورون قانی (burun kanı, “bright scarlet color”)
* قان آرامق (kan aramak, “to seek the death of a person”)
* قان آغلامق (kan ağlamak, “to shed bitter tears”)
* قان آلمق (kan almak, “to take blood”)
* قان اوتورمق (kan oturmak, “to leave a blood blister”)
* قان ایتمك (kan etmek, “to put to death”)
* قان ترلمك (kan terlemek, “to sweat profusely”)
* قان دوكمك (kan dökmek, “to spill blood”)
* قان دوكیجی (kan dökücü, “bloodthirsty”)
* قان صوجوغی (kan sucuğu, “blood pudding”)
* قان صیچمق (kan sıçmak, “to suffer from dysentery”)
* قان طاشی (kan taşı, “haematite”)
* قان طوتمق (kan tutmak, “to have a stroke of apoplexy”)
* قان قورودان (kan kurudan, “mandrake”)
* قان قورومق (kan kurumak, “for blood, to dry”)
* قان قوصمق (kan kusmak, “to vomit blood”)
* قان كیتمك (kan gitmek, “to be made miserable with anxiety”)
* قان چناغی (kan çanağı, “bleeding basin”)
* قان یوتمق (kan yutmak, “to suffer extremely”)
* قانجی (kancı, “phlebotomist”)
* قانلاتمق (kanlatmak, “to make or let be smeared with blood”)
* قانلامق (kanlamak, “to smear with blood”)
* قانلانمق (kanlanmak, “to become smeared with blood”)
* قانلو (kanlı, “blooded”)
* قانه بولامق (kana bulamak, “to ensanguine, to smear with blood”)
* قانه كیرمك (kana girmek, “to become a murderer”)
* قانی قاینامق (kanı kaynamak, “to be lively”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: kan

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kan1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2373
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “قان”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 353a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 936
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Sanguis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1508
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3598
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1424

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [qɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɑːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [qɑːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [qɔːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [qɒːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [qɔn]

### Noun

قان • (qân)
* Alternative form of غان (ğân, “birch”)

## Uyghur
### Alternative forms

* қан (qan) — Cyrillic

### Etymology

From Chagatai قان (qan), from Proto-Turkic *kān (“blood”).

### Noun

قان • (qan) (plural قانلار (qanlar))
* blood