# ng
## Translingual
### Symbol

ng
* (metrology) Symbol for nanogram, an SI unit of mass equal to 10$^{−9}$ grams.
* (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Ndonga.

### See also

* ŋ

## English
### Noun

ng
* (Internet) Initialism of newsgroup; also NG.

### Anagrams

* gn, gn., GN

## Avokaya
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ᵑɡ/

### Letter

ng (uppercase Ng)
* A letter of the Avokaya alphabet.

## Fula
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ᵑɡ/

### Letter

ng (lower case, upper case Ng)
* A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

#### Usage notes

* Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ŋ/, /ŋɡ/, /ɲ/, /ɲɟ/

### Letter

ng (upper case nG)
* A digraph in Irish orthography

## Kankanaey
### Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog ng. Letter pronunciation is influenced by English n and English g.

### Pronunciation

* (letter name) IPA: /ˈʔendji/ [ˈʔen.d͡ʒi̞]
** Rhymes: -endji
* (phoneme) IPA: /ŋ/ [ŋ]

### Letter

ng (lower case, upper case Ng)
* The sixteenth letter of the Kankanaey alphabet, called endyi and written in the Latin script.

#### See also

* (Latin-script letters) letra; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

### References

* Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016) Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎ (in Kankanaey and Tagalog), →ISBN, pages 10-11

## Lingala
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ⁿɡ/

### Letter

ng (upper case Ng)
* A letter of the Lingala alphabet, written in the Latin script.

## Mandarin
### Alternative forms

* ŋ — very rare shorthand

### Romanization

ng (ng$^5$ / ng$^0$, Zhuyin ˙ㆭ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 唵
ng
* Nonstandard spelling of ńg.
* Nonstandard spelling of ňg.
* Nonstandard spelling of ǹg.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

From earlier nang, from Proto-Greater Central Philippine *naN (indefinite object marker). See also ni and ang.
The two-letter spelling originates in a now defunct Spanish language abbreviation convention of drawing a tilde over words with nasal sounds, in this case nang, later rendered variously as ng̃, ñg or n͠g. The complications of typing ⟨ñ⟩, ⟨g̃⟩ or any such combination with tilde using English language typewriters in the American occupation period of the Philippines, caused it to be dropped in writing. Compare mga.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /naŋ/ [n̪ɐŋ]
* Homophones: nang, na'ng, Ng

#### Preposition

ng (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜅ᜔)
* (indirect or object marker for nouns or phrases other than personal names)
    Kinain ng pusa ang isda.The/a cat ate the fish.
    Kumain ng isda ang pusa.The cat ate the/a fish.
* of; marks possession
    kuwento ng bayan ― story of the town
    luto ng kusinero ― cooking of the chef
* to, into, towards; in the direction of; arriving at
    Pumasok ng silid si Tatay nang may dumating na bisita.Dad went into his room when visitors had dropped by.
    Bibiyahe ng Saudi ang kaibigan ko para magtrabaho.My friend will depart for (to) Saudi to work.

##### Usage notes

* See usage notes at nang.

##### Alternative forms

* nang — archaic
* n͠g, ng̃, ñg — archaic, Spanish-based orthography

##### Derived terms

* anang

##### See also

| | | Direct (ang) | Indirect (ng) | Oblique (sa) |
| Common | Singular | ang | ng | sa |
| Common | Plural | ang mga | ng mga | sa mga |
| Personal | Singular | si | ni | kay |
| Personal | Plural / Polite | sina | nina | kina |

### Etymology 2

From the usage of the ⟨ng̃⟩ digraph in the Spanish-based orthography to represent /ŋ/. Each pronunciation has a different source:
* Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English n and English g.
* Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜅ (nga).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ˌʔen ˈdji/ [ˌʔɛn̪ ˈd͡ʒi] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
*** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /ˌʔen ˈdji/ [ˌʔɛn̪ ˈd̪ji] (letter name, Filipino alphabet)
*** Rhymes: -i
** IPA: /ˈŋa/ [ˈŋa] (letter name, Abakada alphabet)
*** Rhymes: -a
** IPA: /ŋ/ [ŋ] (phoneme)

#### Letter

ng (lower case, upper case Ng, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒ)
* The sixteenth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Filipino alphabet), called en dyi and written in the Latin script.

##### See also

* (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
* g̃

#### Letter

ng (lower case, upper case Ng, Baybayin spelling ᜅ)
* The twelfth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (the Abakada alphabet), called nga and written in the Latin script.

### Etymology 3
#### Adverb

ng (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ᜔ᜇ᜔ᜌᜒ)
* Alternative form of n.g.

### Further reading

* “ng”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Tongan
### Pronunciation

* (letter) IPA: /ŋa/
* (phoneme) IPA: /ŋ/

### Letter

ng (upper case Ng)
* The tenth letter of the Tongan alphabet, called nga and written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) A a, E e, F f, H h, I i, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ng ng, O o, P p, S s, T t, U u, V v, ʻ

## Uzbek
### Pronunciation

* (phoneme) IPA: /ŋ/

### Letter

ng (upper case Ng)
* The twenty-ninth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, X x, Y y, Z z, Oʻ oʻ, Gʻ gʻ, Sh sh, Ch ch, Ng ng

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (letter name): (standard) IPA: /ɛŋ/
** (letter name): (informal) IPA: /ŋ(ː)/
* (phoneme): IPA: /ŋ/

### Letter

ng (upper case Ng)
* The eleventh letter of the Welsh alphabet, called eng and written in the Latin script.

### See also

* (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)

## Yoruba
### Pronoun

ng
* Archaic spelling of n̄ (“I”).