# vindico
## Catalan
### Verb

vindico
* first-person singular present indicative of vindicar

## Latin
### Etymology

From vindex (“defender, protector”) +‎ -ō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈu̯in.di.koː/, [ˈu̯ɪn̪d̪ɪkoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈvin.di.ko/, [ˈvin̪d̪iko]

### Verb

vindicō (present infinitive vindicāre, perfect active vindicāvī, supine vindicātum); first conjugation
* to lay claim to as one's own (often with sibi)
    Synonyms: arrogo, asserō, appropriō
* to set free, liberate, emancipate
    Synonyms: līberō, asserō, manūmittō, eximō
* to protect someone from (+ ab or ex aliquō)
    Synonyms: salvō, tūtor, cū̆stōdiō, sospitō, prōtegō, tegō, dēfendō, tueor, servō, prohibeō
** 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.4:Nec dii nec homines [...] ipsam [...] a crudelitate regia vindicantNor gods nor men protect him from the royal cruelty
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.227–228:“Nōn illum nōbīs genetrīx pulcherrima tālem prōmīsit, Grāiumque ideō bis vindicat armīs; [...].”“Not such [a man] as this did his most beautiful mother promise to us, nor for this [purpose] is she protecting him — twice from Greek attacks; [...].” (Jupiter speaks about Venus’s mortal son, Aeneas, whom the goddess saved first from Diomedes in Iliad 5.311-318, and later during the fall of Troy in Aeneid 2.589-633. Note that although “promisit” is past tense, “vindicat” is literally present tense: Aeneas remains under Venus’s protection.)
* to avenge, vindicate, punish a deed
    Synonym: pūniō
* to take action against (+ in aliquem)
    Synonyms: consulō, animadvertō
* to revenge oneself on one (+ ab or dē aliquō)
    Synonym: ulcīscor

#### Derived terms

* revindicō
* vindicātor
* vindicātum
* vindicātus

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: vindic, vindicari
** Romanian: vindeca, vindecare
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: vendicare
*** → Friulian: svindicâ
*** → Ligurian: vendicâ
*** → Lombard: vendicà
*** → Piedmontese: vendiché
** Sicilian: vinnicari, minnicari
* Padanian:
** Venetan: vendegar
** Old Lombard: svengiare
** Piedmontese: vengé
** >? Romansch: vinschar, vinditgar
* Northern Gallo-Romance:
** Old French: venchier, vengier
*** French: venger
*** → English: avenge
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: venjar
** Old Occitan: venjar
*** Occitan: venjar
    Languedocien: vengar
* Ibero-Romance:
** Old Galician-Portuguese: vingar
*** Galician: vingar
*** Portuguese: vingar
** Spanish: vengar
* Borrowings:
** → Catalan: vindicar
** → English: vindicate
** → German: vindizieren
** → Portuguese: vindicar
** → Spanish: vindicar
** → Venetan: vendicar

### References

* “vindico”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “vindico”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* vindico in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to rescue from destruction: ab exitio, ab interitu aliquem vindicare to rescue from oblivion: aliquid ab oblivione vindicare to deliver the state from a tyranny: rem publicam in libertatem vindicare a or ex dominatione
* Dizionario Latino-Italiano, Olivetti

## Spanish
### Verb

vindico
* first-person singular present indicative of vindicar