# lucerna
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech lucerna, from Latin lucerna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlut͡sɛrna]

### Noun

lucerna f (diminutive lucernička)
* lantern
    Synonym: svítilna

#### Derived terms

* lucerní
* lucernový

### Further reading

* “lucerna”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “lucerna”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “lucerna”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Galician
### Etymology

From Latin lucerna (“lamp”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /luˈθɛɾna/ [luˈθɛɾ.nɐ]
* IPA: (standard) /luˈθɛɾna/ [luˈθɛɾ.nɐ]
* IPA: (seseo) /luˈsɛɾna/ [luˈsɛɾ.nɐ]
* Rhymes: -ɛɾna
* Hyphenation: lu‧cer‧na

### Noun

lucerna f (plural lucernas)
* firefly; glowworm
    Synonyms: vagalume, lucecú, lurcucú, verme canteiro, lucerga
* grey gurnard (Eutrigla gurnardus) ray-finned fish from the family Triglidae

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “lucerna”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Luzerne, from Latin lucerna (“an oil lamp”), from lux (“light”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlut͡sɛrnɒ]
* Hyphenation: lu‧cer‧na
* Rhymes: -nɒ

### Noun

lucerna (plural lucernák)
* alfalfa, lucerne (Medicago sativa)
* alfalfa, lucerne (any plant in the genus Medicago)

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ lucerna in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
* ↑ lucerna in Tótfalusi, István. Magyar etimológiai nagyszótár (’Hungarian Comprehensive Dictionary of Etymology’). Budapest: Arcanum Adatbázis, 2001; Arcanum DVD Könyvtár →ISBN

### Further reading

* lucerna in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin lucerna.

### Noun

lucerna f (plural lucerne)
* oil lamp

#### Related terms

* lucernata

## Latin
### Etymology

From lūceō (“shine, be a light”). The suffix -erna, found also in lanterna, is of disputed origin, though resembles suffixes in Etruscan; compare also Latin -urnus.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /luˈker.na/, [ɫ̪ʊˈkɛrnä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /luˈt͡ʃer.na/, [luˈt͡ʃɛrnä]

### Noun

lucerna f (genitive lucernae); first declension
* a lamp, an oil lamp
** 4th-century CE, Jerome of Stridon (St. Jerome), Vulgate, Proverbia 24:20:
    quoniam nōn habent futūrōrum spem malī et lucerna impiōrum extinguētur
       For evil men have no hope of things to come, and the lamp of the wicked shall be put out.
          (trans. Douay-Rheims Bible)

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Synonyms

* (lamp): lanterna

#### Derived terms

* lucernāria
* lucernāris
* lucernārium
* lucernārius
* lucernātus
* lucernula

#### Related terms

* lūcēns
* lūceō
* lūcēscō

#### Descendants

* → Albanian: luqerë
* Catalan: lluerna
* Czech: lucerna
* → Middle Dutch: lucerne
* → Esperanto: lucerno
* Old French: lucerne
* → German: Luzerne
** → Hungarian: lucerna
* → Gothic: 𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌽 (lukarn)
* Italian: lucerna
* Occitan: luzerno, lusèrna
** → French: luzerne
*** → English: lucerne
*** → Dutch: luzerne
* Old Galician-Portuguese: luzerna
** Portuguese: luzerna, lucerna
* Romanian: lucernă
* → Russian: люце́рна (ljucérna, “alfalfa”)
* → Serbo-Croatian: лукијѐрна̄р / lukijèrnār (“candlestick, candelabra”)
* Spanish: lucerna
* → Proto-Celtic: *loukarnâ
** Old Irish: lócharn
*** Irish: lóchrann
*** Scottish Gaelic: lòchran (“torch, flashlight”)
** Welsh: llugorn
** Cornish: lugarn

### References

* “lucerna”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “lucerna”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "lucerna", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* lucerna in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “lucerna”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “lucerna”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Luzerne. Doublet of lukarna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /luˈt͡sɛr.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛrna
* Syllabification: lu‧cer‧na
* Homophone: Lucerna

### Noun

lucerna f
* alfalfa, burclover, lucerne, medick (any plant of the genus Medicago)
* alfalfa, burclover, lucerne, medick (flower)

#### Derived terms

* lucerniany
* lucernik
* lucernisko

### Further reading

* lucerna in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* lucerna in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin lucerna.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /luˈsɛʁ.nɐ/ [luˈsɛɦ.nɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /luˈsɛʁ.nɐ/ [luˈsɛɦ.nɐ]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /luˈsɛɾ.nɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /luˈsɛʁ.nɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /luˈsɛɻ.na/
* (Portugal) IPA: /luˈsɛɾ.nɐ/
* Hyphenation: lu‧cer‧na

### Noun

lucerna f (plural lucernas)
* Alternative form of luzerna

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin lucerna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /luˈθeɾna/ [luˈθeɾ.na]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /luˈseɾna/ [luˈseɾ.na]
* Rhymes: -eɾna
* Syllabification: lu‧cer‧na

### Noun

lucerna f (plural lucernas)
* a type of old Latin oil lamp

### Further reading

* “lucerna”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10