# 激

| 激 | U+6FC0, &#28608; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6FC0 |
| ← 澿 [U+6FBF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 濁 → [U+6FC1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

激 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 水竹尸大 (EHSK), four-corner 3814$_0$, composition ⿰氵敫)

#### Derived characters

* 𥨿

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 654, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18438
* Dae Jaweon: page 1064, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1760, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6FC0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 礉 | *kʰreːw, *kʰreːwɢs |
| 邀 | *qlew, *kleːw |
| 憿 | *kleːw |
| 徼 | *kleːw, *kleːwɢs |
| 儌 | *kleːwʔ, *kleːwʔ |
| 璬 | *kleːwʔ |
| 皦 | *kleːwʔ |
| 繳 | *kleːwʔ, *kljewɢ, *ɡreːɡ |
| 敫 | *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ |
| 譥 | *kleːwɢs |
| 激 | *kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ |
| 噭 | *kleːwɢs |
| 獥 | *kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ |
| 鸄 | *kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ, *ɡleːwɢ |
| 墽 | *kʰleːw |
| 竅 | *kʰleːwɢs |
| 覈 | *ɡleːd, *ɡreːɡ |
| 燩 | *kʰreːwɢ, *kʰleːwɢ |
| 檄 | *ɡleːwɢ |
| 薂 | *ɡleːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kleːwɢs, *kleːwɢ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 敫 (OC *kleːwɢs, *ɢlewɢ, *kleːwɢ) – (of water) to swash.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): jī (ji$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jie$^2$ / ji$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gik$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): get$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): jit$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kie̍p / kit
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gid$^5$
* Jin (Wiktionary): jieh$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): gī
* Eastern Min (BUC): gék
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): kih$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kek / kiak
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gêg$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$ciq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ji$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jī
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ji
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^1$
*** Yale: jī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: jie$^2$ / ji$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gie / gi
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiɛ²¹/, /t͡ɕi²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gik$^1$
*** Yale: gīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɪk̚⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: get$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ket̚⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: jit$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕit̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kie̍p / kit
*** Hakka Romanization System: gieb / gid$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gieb$^6$ / gid$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯ep̚⁵/, /kit̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gid$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kit̚¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: jieh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiəʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gī
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gék
*** Sinological IPA : /kɛiʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: kih$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: kih$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kek
*** Tâi-lô: kik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: keg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiak
*** Tâi-lô: kiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kiak̚⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gêg$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kek
*** Sinological IPA : /kek̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$ciq
*** MiniDict: cih$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$jiq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ji$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi²⁴/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit激 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕi⁴⁴/ 叫雨～著了 /t͡ɕi⁵³/ 感～ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕi²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕi²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕji⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕi¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕi¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕi²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕie³¹/ /t͡ɕi³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕi²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕi³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiɪʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /liəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡ɕai²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕiʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕi⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕi²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kit̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kit̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kek̚⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kek̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kik̚⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kik̚³²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kɛiʔ²³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ki⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kek̚²/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kek̚⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: kek
Rime :
| Character | 激 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 錫 (127) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 古歷切 |
| Baxter | kek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kek̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kek̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɛk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɛjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kek̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kiek̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kiek̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ji |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤewk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kleːwɢ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 激 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kek › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁewk/ |
| English | dam up (water) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 激 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 6406 |
| Phonetic component | 敫 |
| Rime group | 藥 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 激 |
| Old Chinese | /*kleːwɢ/ |

#### Definitions

激
* (of water currents) to swash; to surge; to dash
* to excite; to arouse; to incite; to irritate
       Nǐ bùyào yǐwéi wǒ zhēn bùgǎn shā nǐ, nǐ bùyào jī wǒ. [Pinyin]
       Don't assume I'd hesitate to kill you — don't test me.
* to fall ill from getting wet
* violently; fiercely; quickly; sharply
* rapid; acute; fierce; strong
* drastic; radical; extreme
* resounding; reverberating; aroused
* to restrain; to check
* (dialectal, colloquial) to chill (something by dipping it in cold or ice water)
* (Cantonese) brilliant; great; cool
* (Cantonese) extremely
* (Cantonese) to infuriate; to piss off
       nei$^5$ zou$^6$ mat$^1$ gik$^1$ can$^1$ keoi$^5$? [Jyutping]
       Why did you piss him off?
    激死人呀！ [Cantonese] ― gik$^1$ sei$^2$ jan$^4$ aa$^3$! [Jyutping] ― So infuriating!
* (Hokkien, Teochew) to brew; to ferment; to distill; to make (alcoholic beverage, etc.)
* (Hokkien) to pretend; to feign; to put on; to simulate
* (Mainland China Hokkien) to suffocate; to asphyxiate
* (Teochew) to drown; to submerge in water; to flood
* (Teochew) to compete
* a surname, Ji

##### Synonyms

* (fierce):
* 劇烈 / 剧烈 (jùliè)
* 厲害 / 厉害 (lìhài)
* 嚴 / 严 (yán)
* 尖銳 / 尖锐 (jiānruì)
* 強烈 / 强烈 (qiángliè)
* 急劇 / 急剧 (jíjù)
* 急驟 / 急骤 (jízhòu)
* 激烈 (jīliè)
* 火熱 / 火热 (huǒrè)
* 熾烈 / 炽烈 (chìliè) (figurative)
* 熾盛 / 炽盛 (chìshèng) (formal, of an emotion)
* 狂 (kuáng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 猛烈 (měngliè)
* (to pretend):
* 佯裝 / 佯装 (yángzhuāng)
* 假仙 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 假仙假觸 / 假仙假触 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 做假 (Hakka, Teochew)
* 假假子 (jia$^3$ jia$^3$ zr) (Xiang)
* 假嬰 / 假婴 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 假映 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 假樣 / 假样 (Hokkien)
* 假空 (Hokkien)
* 假裝 / 假装 (jiǎzhuāng)
* 偽裝 / 伪装 (wěizhuāng)
* 張 / 张 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 扮嘢 (baan$^6$ je$^5$) (Cantonese)
* 激樣 / 激样 (Hokkien)
* 裝作 / 装作 (zhuāngzuò)
* 裝假 / 装假 (zhuāngjiǎ)

##### Compounds

* 令人激賞 / 令人激赏
* 偏激 (piānjī)
* 偏激之詞 / 偏激之词
* 刺激 (cìjī)
* 刺激性
* 刺激素
* 刺激類化 / 刺激类化
* 制約刺激 / 制约刺激
* 勇退激流
* 奮激 / 奋激 (fènjī)
* 性激素 (xìngjīsù)
* 感激 (gǎnjī)
* 感激不盡 / 感激不尽 (gǎnjībùjìn)
* 感激流涕
* 感激涕泗
* 感激涕零 (gǎnjītìlíng)
* 慷慨激昂 (kāngkǎijī'áng)
* 慷慨激烈
* 憤激 / 愤激
* 推激
* 揚清激濁 / 扬清激浊
* 條件刺激 / 条件刺激
* 植物激素
* 沖激 / 冲激
* 沽激
* 激光 (jīguāng)
* 激光唱機 / 激光唱机
* 激光唱片
* 激光器 (jīguāngqì)
* 激光打印機 / 激光打印机 (jīguāng dǎyìnjī)
* 激光照排
* 激光視盤 / 激光视盘 (jīguāng shìpán)
* 激光計算機 / 激光计算机
* 激切 (jīqiè)
* 激刺 (jīcì)
* 激劇 / 激剧
* 激勃素
* 激動 / 激动 (jīdòng)
* 激勵 / 激励 (jīlì)
* 激化 (jīhuà)
* 激厲 / 激厉 (jīlì)
* 激問 / 激问
* 激增 (jīzēng)
* 激奮 / 激奋 (jīfèn)
* 激嬲 (gik1 nau1)
* 激子 (jīzǐ)
* 激將 / 激将 (jījiàng)
* 激將法 / 激将法 (jījiàngfǎ)
* 激忿填膺
* 激怒 (jīnù)
* 激情 (jīqíng)
* 激惱 / 激恼
* 激憤 / 激愤 (jīfèn)
* 激戰 / 激战 (jīzhàn)
* 激揚 / 激扬 (jīyáng)
* 激昂 (jī'áng)
* 激昂慷慨
* 激楚
* 激活 (jīhuó)
* 激流 (jīliú)
* 激浪
* 激湧 / 激涌
* 激湍
* 激激
* 激濁揚清 / 激浊扬清
* 激烈 (jīliè)
* 激煩 / 激烦
* 激發 / 激发 (jīfā)
* 激發態 / 激发态
* 激盪 / 激荡 (jīdàng)
* 激磁
* 激筒
* 激素 (jīsù)
* 激素替代療法 / 激素替代疗法 (jīsù tìdài liáofǎ)
* 激聒
* 激話 / 激话
* 激論 / 激论 (jīlùn)
* 激變 / 激变 (jībiàn)
* 激貪厲俗 / 激贪厉俗
* 激賞 / 激赏 (jīshǎng)
* 激越
* 激辯 / 激辩
* 激進 / 激进 (jījìn)
* 激酶 (jīméi)
* 激靈 / 激灵 (jīling)
* 生長激素 / 生长激素 (shēngzhǎng jīsù)
* 由衷感激
* 相激 (xiāngjī)
* 矯激奇詭 / 矫激奇诡
* 窺御激夫 / 窥御激夫
* 群情激憤 / 群情激愤 (qúnqíng jīfèn)
* 腦力激盪 / 脑力激荡
* 衝波激浪 / 冲波激浪
* 衝激 / 冲激
* 褊激
* 詭激 / 诡激
* 過激 / 过激 (guòjī)
* 雄性激素 (xióngxìng jīsù)
* 風激電飛 / 风激电飞
* 風激電駭 / 风激电骇
* 黃體激素 / 黄体激素

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiào (jiao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiào
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiào
*** Wade–Giles: chiao$^4$
*** Yale: jyàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaw
*** Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: kewH
Rime :
| Character | 激 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 古弔切 |
| Baxter | kewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /keu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /keu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /keu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɛw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /keu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kieu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kieu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | giu$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kleːwɢs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 激 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 6394 |
| Phonetic component | 敫 |
| Rime group | 豹 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 叫 |
| Old Chinese | /*kleːwɢs/ |

#### Definitions

激
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, of water) turbulent
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) half-covered
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) long
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) bright
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 噭 (jiào)

### Pronunciation 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 激 – see 徼 (“To request”). (This character is a variant form of 徼).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
* violent, furious, intense

#### Readings

* Go-on: きゃく (kyaku)
* Kan-on: けき (keki)
* Kan’yō-on: げき (geki, Jōyō)
* Kun: はげしい (hageshii, 激しい, Jōyō)、はげます (hagemasu, 激ます)、たぎる (tagiru, 激る)

#### Compounds

* 激(げき)減(げん) (gekigen)
* 激(げき)昂(こう) (gekikō)
* 激(げき)震(しん) (gekishin)
* 激(げき)甚(じん) (gekijin)
* 激(げき)戦(せん) (gekisen)
* 激(げき)痛(つう) (gekitsū)
* 激(げき)怒(ど) (gekido)
* 激(げき)闘(とう) (gekitō)
* 激(げき)動(どう) (gekidō)
* 激(げき)突(とつ) (gekitotsu)
* 激(げき)雷(らい) (gekirai)
* 激(げき)励(れい) (gekirei)
* 激(げき)論(ろん) (gekiron)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 激
* げき Grade: 6
* on'yomi

#### Prefix

激(げき) • (geki-)
* (informal) very; intensely; extremely

##### Derived terms

* 激(げき)愛(あい) (gekiai)
* 激(げき)甘(あま) (gekiama)
* 激(げき)アツ (gekiatsu)
* 激(げき)ウマ (gekiuma)
* 激(げき)おこぷんぷん丸(まる) (gekioko punpun maru)
* 激(げき)辛(から) (gekikara)
* 激(げき)混(こ)み (gekikomi)
* 激(げき)写(しゃ) (gekisha)
* 激(げき)高(たか) (gekitaka)
* 激(げき)ムズ (gekimuzu)
* 激(げき)安(やす) (gekiyasu)
* 激(げき)ヤバ (gekiyaba)
* 激(げき)レア (gekirea)

## Korean
### Hanja

激 (eumhun 물결 격 (mulgyeol gyeok))
* hanja form of 격 (“wave, tide”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

激: Hán Nôm readings: váng, khích, kích
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.