# सन्
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* सन (san)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سَنَة (sana). Also influenced by Sanskrit सन् (san, name of an era).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /sən/, [sɐ̃n]

### Noun

सन् • (san) m (Urdu spelling سن)
* year
    Synonyms: वर्ष (varṣ), साल (sāl), बरस (baras)
* era
    ईसवी सन् ― īsvī san ― Christian era; AD

#### Declension
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* san (Latin script)
* 𑀲𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* সন্ (Bengali script)
* සන් (Sinhalese script)
* သန် or သၼ် (Burmese script)
* สนฺ or สัน (Thai script)
* ᩈᨶ᩺ (Tai Tham script)
* ສນ຺ or ສັນ (Lao script)
* សន៑ (Khmer script)
* 𑄥𑄚𑄴 (Chakma script)

### Noun

सन् m
* Devanagari script form of san

#### Declension

Only consensus forms are shown.

## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* सा (sā)

### Alternative scripts

* সন্ (Assamese script)
* ᬲᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
* সন্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰭𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀲𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* သန် (Burmese script)
* સન્ (Gujarati script)
* ਸਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌸𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦱꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂮𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಸೝ (Kannada script)
* សន៑ (Khmer script)
* ສນ຺ (Lao script)
* സന് (Malayalam script)
* ᠰᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
* 𑘭𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠰᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧍𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐳𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
* ସନ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢱꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆱𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖭𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
* සන් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪁𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚨𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
* ஸந் (Tamil script)
* సౝ (Telugu script)
* สนฺ (Thai script)
* ས་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒮𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨰𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sanH-, from Proto-Indo-European *senh₂- (“to seek, accomplish, work on, succeed”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἀνύω (anúō, “cause, accomplish”), the source of English authentic (see αὐθέντης (authéntēs)), as well as Hittite [script needed] (sanh-, “to intend; to strive for; to seek”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /sɐn/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /s̪ɐn̪/

### Root

सन् • (san)
* to gain, acquire, obtain as a gift, possess, enjoy
* to gain for another, procure, bestow, give, distribute
* (middle voice) to be successful, be granted or fulfilled
* (desiderative) to wish to acquire or obtain
* (desiderative) to wish to procure or bestow
* (intensive) to gain or acquire repeatedly

#### Derived terms
##### Primary Verbal Forms

* सनोति (sanóti, Present)
* सनिष्यति (saniṣyáti, Future)
* सनिता (sanitā́, Periphrastic Future)
* असनत् (ásanat, Aorist)
* असानीत् (ásānīt, Aorist)
* सन्यात् (sanyāt, Benedictive)
* सायात् (sāyāt, Benedictive)
* सेत् (set, Benedictive)
* ससान (sasā́na, Perfect)

##### Secondary Forms

* सन्यते (sanyáte, Passive)
* सायते (sāyáte, Passive)
* सानयति (sānáyati, Causative)
* असीषणत् (ásīṣaṇat, Causative Aorist)
* सिषासति (síṣāsati, Desiderative)
* सिसनिषति (sisaniṣati, Desiderative)
* सिसानयिषति (sisānayiṣati, Desiderative of Causative)
* संसन्यते (saṃsanyate, Intensive)
* सासायते (sāsāyate, Intensive)
* संसन्ति (saṃsanti, Intensive)

##### Non-Finite Forms

* सात (sātá, Past Participle)
* सनितुम् (sanitum, Infinitive)
* सनित्व (sánitva, Gerundive)
* सिषासु (siṣāsú, Desiderative Participle)
* सिषासनि (siṣāsáni, Desiderative Participle)
* सिषासतु (siṣāsátu, Desiderative Participle)

##### Derived Nominal Forms

* सन (sana)
* सनि (saní)
* सनिति (sániti)
* सनितु (sánitu)
* सनित्वन् (sanítvan)
* सनितृ (sanitṛ)
* सनित्र (sanítra)
* सनिष्ठ (sániṣṭha)
* सनीयस् (sánīyas)
* सनुतृ (sánutṛ)
* सस्नि (sásni)
* साति (sātí)

##### Prefixed Root Forms

* संसन् (saṃsan)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “सन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1140, column 3.
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 183
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “सन्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “सन्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “SAN$^I$”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 696-697
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 369
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 532
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “906”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 906