# 種珠
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Eastern Min (BUC): cé̤ṳng-ciŏ
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zoeng$^4$ zou$^1$ / zyeng$^4$ zou$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chèng-chu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^3$ zu$^1$
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cé̤ṳng-ciŏ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒuo⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zoeng$^4$ zou$^1$ [Phonetic: zoeng$^1$ zou$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sœŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɔu⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zyeng$^4$ zou$^1$ [Phonetic: zyeng$^1$ zou$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syøŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɔu⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-chu
*** Tâi-lô: tsìng-tsu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zeangzw
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /t͡seŋ²¹⁻⁴² t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡su⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zêng$^3$ zu$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsèng tsu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡su³³/

### Verb

種珠
* (Eastern Min, Puxian Min, Hokkien, Teochew, immunology) to vaccinate against smallpox
    From: 1841, William Dean, First Lessons in the Tie-chiw Dialect, “Diseases”
    le$^2$ oi$^6$ zêng$^3$ zu$^1$ meh$^4$ [Peng'im]
    do you understand inoculation

#### Synonyms

* 種牛痘 / 种牛痘 (zhòng niúdòu)
* 種痘 / 种痘 (zhòngdòu)
* 種花 / 种花 (zhònghuā) (dialectal)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 種痘, 種牛痘 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 種牛痘 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 種花兒, 種痘兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 種痘兒, 種牛痘, 種花兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 種花兒, 種痘兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 種痘, 種牛痘 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 種牛痘 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 種花兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 種花兒, 種牛痘兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 種牛痘, 種花 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 種花兒, 點花兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 種牛痘 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 種牛痘 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 種牛痘 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 種牛痘 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 種痘, 種牛痘 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 種天花, 種牛痘 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 種牛痘 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 種牛痘 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 種牛痘 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 種果子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 種牛痘 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 種痘 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 種牛痘 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 種牛痘 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 種花花 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 種痘子 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 種痘, 種珠 suburbs |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 種珠 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 種汞 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 種珠 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 種珠 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 種櫓 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 放花, 種花 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 種痘, 種牛痘 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 種花 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 種牛痘, 種花 |
| Wu | Danyang | 種牛痘 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 種牛痘, 種花兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 種牛痘 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 種寶 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 種痘 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 點痘子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 鋪痘子 |

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “种珠”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 576.