# 禺

| 禺 | U+79BA, &#31162; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79BA |
| ← 禹 [U+79B9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 离 → [U+79BB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

禺 (Kangxi radical 114, 禸+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 田中月戈 (WLBI), four-corner 6042$_7$, composition ⿻日禸)

#### Derived characters

* 偶 愚 遇 寓 隅 嵎 藕

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 848, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24886
* Dae Jaweon: page 1269, character 24
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2533, character 4
* Unihan data for U+79BA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 禺 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 齵 | *ŋoː, *ŋo |
| 偶 | *ŋoːʔ, *ŋoːs |
| 耦 | *ŋoːʔ |
| 藕 | *ŋoːʔ |
| 髃 | *ŋoːʔ, *ŋo |
| 蕅 | *ŋoːʔ |
| 愚 | *ŋo |
| 隅 | *ŋo |
| 禺 | *ŋo, *ŋos |
| 湡 | *ŋo |
| 堣 | *ŋo |
| 嵎 | *ŋo |
| 鰅 | *ŋo, *ŋoŋ |
| 鍝 | *ŋo |
| 遇 | *ŋos |
| 寓 | *ŋos |
| 庽 | *ŋos |
| 媀 | *ŋos |
| 喁 | *ŋoŋ |
| 顒 | *ŋoŋ |
Unclear. Shuowen considers it to be an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 甶 (“head of a ghost”) + 禸 (“to trample”) – a kind of monkey.
In the bronze script, the top of the character resembles the head of a ghost (鬼) and/or a mask (異) and the bottom resembles 禹. Zhang et al. (1996) considers this character differentiated (分化) from 禹 and that the character is a pictogram (象形) of a kind of insect with a decorative mark, similar to the one in 萬 (“scorpion”).

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋaːw (“monkey”); compare Proto-Kuki-Chin *ŋaaw (“long-tailed / grey monkey”), whence Mizo ngao (“grey monkey”) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yú, yù (yu$^2$, yu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ, ㄩˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yú
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yú
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^2$
*** Yale: yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yù
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yù
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^4$
*** Yale: yù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^6$
*** Yale: yuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²²/
* Middle Chinese: ngjuH
Rime :
| Character | 禺 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 牛具切 |
| Baxter | ngjuH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɨo$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋio$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋio$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋuə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋio$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋi̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋos/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 禺 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 15933 |
| Phonetic component | 禺 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 遇 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋos/ |

#### Definitions

禺
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a kind of large monkey with a long tail and red eyes

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yú (yu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gû
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yú
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yú
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^2$
*** Yale: yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^4$
*** Yale: yùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû
*** Tâi-lô: gû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: guu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ɡu²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡu¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ɡu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³/
* Middle Chinese: ngju
Rime :
| Character | 禺 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 虞俱切 |
| Baxter | ngju |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋuə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋio/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋi̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋo/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 禺 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 15921 |
| Phonetic component | 禺 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋo/ |

#### Definitions

禺
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) area; district
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) time before noon, around 9–11 a.m.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 愚 (yú, “foolish”)
* (～山) Yu (a mountain in Zhejiang, China)
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 番禺 (Pānyú)
* 禺中
* 禺彊 / 禺强
* 禺谷

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ǒu, yú (ou$^3$, yu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄡˇ, ㄩˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ǒu
*** Wade–Giles: ou$^3$
*** Yale: ǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: oou
*** Palladius: оу (ou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀoʊ̯²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yú
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yú
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^2$
*** Yale: yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y³⁵/

#### Definitions

禺
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 偶 (ǒu):
** to match; to be a pair
** statue; figure

#### Compounds

* 木禺

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yóng (yong$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yóng
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yóng
*** Wade–Giles: yung$^2$
*** Yale: yúng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yong
*** Palladius: юн (jun)
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ³⁵/

#### Definitions

禺
* Only used in 禺禺.

### References

* “禺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* long-tailed monkey

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ぐう (gū)、ぐ (gu)
* Kun: おながさる (onagasaru)

## Korean
### Hanja

禺 • (ong) (hangeul 옹, revised ong, McCune–Reischauer ong, Yale ong)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

禺: Hán Nôm readings: ngung, ngu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.