# 磅

| 磅 | U+78C5, &#30917; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78C5 |
| ← 磄 [U+78C4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 磆 → [U+78C6] |

## Translingual
### Han character

磅 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一口卜月尸 (MRYBS), four-corner 1062$_7$, composition ⿰石旁)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 834, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24386
* Dae Jaweon: page 1251, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2449, character 9
* Unihan data for U+78C5

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 縍 | *paːŋ |
| 榜 | *paːŋʔ, *praːŋs, *braːŋ |
| 蒡 | *paːŋʔ, *braːŋ |
| 牓 | *paːŋʔ |
| 螃 | *paːŋʔ, *paːŋs, *baːŋ |
| 搒 | *paːŋs, *braːŋ |
| 舫 | *paːŋs, *paŋs |
| 謗 | *paːŋs |
| 雱 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 磅 | *pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ |
| 霶 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 滂 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 鎊 | *pʰaːŋ |
| 髈 | *pʰaːŋʔ, *baːŋ |
| 彷 | *baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ |
| 趽 | *baːŋ, *paŋ, *paŋs |
| 房 | *baːŋ, *baŋ |
| 篣 | *baːŋ, *braːŋ |
| 騯 | *baːŋ, *praːŋ, *braːŋ |
| 傍 | *baːŋ, *baːŋs |
| 膀 | *baːŋ |
| 旁 | *baːŋ |
| 徬 | *baːŋs |
| 閍 | *praːŋ |
| 祊 | *praːŋ |
| 嗙 | *praːŋ |
| 方 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 汸 | *paŋ |
| 坊 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 邡 | *paŋ, *pʰaŋs |
| 枋 | *paŋ |
| 鈁 | *paŋ |
| 蚄 | *paŋ |
| 肪 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 鴋 | *paŋ, *baŋ |
| 牥 | *paŋ |
| 昉 | *paŋʔ |
| 瓬 | *paŋʔ |
| 放 | *paŋʔ, *paŋs |
| 倣 | *paŋʔ |
| 芳 | *pʰaŋ |
| 淓 | *pʰaŋ |
| 妨 | *pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs |
| 紡 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 仿 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 髣 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 鶭 | *pʰaŋʔ |
| 訪 | *pʰaŋs |
| 防 | *baŋ, *baŋs |
| 魴 | *baŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ): semantic 石 (“rock; stone”) + phonetic 旁 (OC *baːŋ).

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English pound.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bàng (bang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bong$^6$ / bong$^{6-2}$
* Gan (Wiktionary): pong$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pong
* Northern Min (KCR): bōng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): borng$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pōng / pǒng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bong$^7$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): boeng$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$paon
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): ban$^4$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): beng$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bàng
*** Wade–Giles: pang$^4$
*** Yale: bàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: banq
*** Palladius: бан (ban)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bong$^6$ / bong$^{6-2}$
*** Yale: bohng / bóng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bong$^6$ / bong$^{6-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bong$^6$ / bong$^{6-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔːŋ²²/, /pɔːŋ²²⁻³⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: pong$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔŋ¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pong
*** Hakka Romanization System: bong
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /poŋ⁵⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bōng
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: borng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɒŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōng
*** Tâi-lô: pōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pong
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pɔŋ²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǒng
*** Tâi-lô: pǒng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔŋ²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bong$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pōng
*** Sinological IPA : /poŋ¹¹/
* Southern Pinghua
** (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
*** Jyutping++: boeng$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pøŋ²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$paon
*** MiniDict: paon$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$paan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pɑ̃³⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: ban$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pan⁴⁵/
** (Loudi)
*** Wiktionary: beng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɤŋ³⁵/

#### Definitions

磅
* pound (unit of mass)
    兩磅半／两磅半 [Cantonese] ― loeng$^5$ bong$^6$ bun$^3$ [Jyutping] ― two-and-a-half pounds
* to weigh
       heoi$^3$ bong$^6$ haa$^5$ gei$^2$ cung$^5$ aa$^1$. [Jyutping]
       Go weigh yourself.
* platform scale; balance
    電子磅／电子磅 [Cantonese] ― din$^6$ zi$^2$ bong$^{6-2}$ [Jyutping] ― electronic scale
* (Cantonese) pressure gauge; manometer
    谷磅 [Cantonese] ― guk$^1$ bong$^{6-2}$ [Jyutping] ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Cantonese) to pay; to give someone money
    磅水 [Cantonese] ― bong$^6$ seoi$^2$ [Jyutping] ― to pay
** 1963, 莫康時, director, 工廠皇后 [Three Love Affairs]‎, spoken by 劉月桂 (林艷 [Lam Yim]):
       gam$^2$ ngo$^5$ bong$^6$ faan$^1$ jaa$^6$ pei$^4$ bei$^2$ nei$^5$ sin$^1$ aa$^1$. [Jyutping]
       Then, I'll pay you 20 bucks back first.

##### Synonyms

* (platform scale):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 磅秤, 臺秤, 磅 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 磅秤 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 臺秤 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 磅秤, 磅 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 磅, 磅秤 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 磅秤 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 磅 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 磅秤, 磅 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 磅秤 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 磅秤 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 磅秤 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 磅秤 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 磅秤 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 磅秤, 臺秤 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 磅秤, 磅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 磅秤 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 磅秤 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 磅秤 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 磅秤 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 磅 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 磅 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 磅秤 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 磅秤 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 飽秤 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 磅秤, 秤仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 磅秤, 秤仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 磅秤, 秤仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 磅秤, 秤 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 磅秤, 秤仔, 秤 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 磅秤, 秤 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 磅秤 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 臺盤秤 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 磅子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 磅秤 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 磅, 磅仔, 磅仔秤 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 磅 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 磅 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 磅 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 磅秤, 磅 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 磅秤 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 磅秤 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 磅秤 |
| Wu | Danyang | 磅秤 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 磅秤 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 磅秤 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 磅秤 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 磅秤 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 磅秤 |

#### Compounds

* 呎磅
* 地磅 (dìbàng)
* 減磅 / 减磅 (jiǎnbàng)
* 甩重磅炸彈 / 甩重磅炸弹
* 磅刷
* 磅碼單 / 磅码单
* 磅秤 (bàngchèng)
* 磅紙 / 磅纸
* 磅重
* 英磅 (Yīngbàng)
* 覆磅
* 過磅 / 过磅 (guòbàng)
* 重磅 (zhòngbàng)
* 重磅炸彈 / 重磅炸弹
* 電磅 / 电磅

#### See also

* 鎊／镑

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English point.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bàng (bang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄤˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bàng
*** Wade–Giles: pang$^4$
*** Yale: bàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: banq
*** Palladius: бан (ban)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɑŋ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

磅
* point (unit equal to 1/12 of a pica)

#### Synonyms

* 點／点 (diǎn)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): páng, pāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄤˊ, ㄆㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pong$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pông
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: páng
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: páng
*** Wade–Giles: pʻang$^2$
*** Yale: páng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parng
*** Palladius: пан (pan)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑŋ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pang
*** Wade–Giles: pʻang$^1$
*** Yale: pāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pang
*** Palladius: пан (pan)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pong$^4$
*** Yale: pòhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pong$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔːŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pông
*** Tâi-lô: pông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: poong
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /pɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: phang
Rime :
| Character | 磅 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 普郎切 |
| Baxter | phang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 磅 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 2995 |
| Phonetic component | 方 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 滂 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰaːŋ/ |
| Notes | 見上林賦 |

#### Definitions

磅
* Only used in 磅礴 (pángbó) and 磅磄.

#### Compounds

* 大氣磅礴 / 大气磅礴
* 氣勢磅礴 / 气势磅礴 (qìshìpángbó)
* 磅磄
* 磅礡 (pángbó)
* 磅礴 (pángbó)
* 解衣磅礴

### Etymology 4

Onomatopoeic.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pāng (pang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pong$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pong
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pōng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pang
*** Wade–Giles: pʻang$^1$
*** Yale: pāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pang
*** Palladius: пан (pan)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pong$^4$
*** Yale: pòhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pong$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔːŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pong
*** Hakka Romanization System: bong
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /poŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōng
*** Tâi-lô: pōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pong
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pɔŋ²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɔŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: phang, phjaeng
Rime :
| Character | 磅 | 磅 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) | 庚 (111) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 普郎切 | 撫庚切 |
| Baxter | phang | phjaeng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰɑŋ/ | /pʰˠiæŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰɑŋ/ | /pʰᵚiaŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰɑŋ/ | /pʰiaŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰaŋ/ | /pʰiajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰɑŋ/ | /pʰiɐŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰɑŋ/ | /pʰĭɐŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰɑŋ/ | /pʰi̯ɐŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pāng | pīng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pong$^1$ | ping$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːŋ/, /*pʰraːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 磅 | 磅 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 2995 | 3017 |
| Phonetic component | 方 | 方 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 滂 | 磅 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰaːŋ/ | /*pʰraːŋ/ |
| Notes | 見上林賦 | 見上林賦 |

#### Definitions

磅
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 殷磅
* 砰磅 (pēng páng)
* 磅硠
* 磅礚
* 磅空 (pōng-khang) (Hokkien)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* pound

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひょう (hyō)、ほう (hō)
* Kan-on: ほう (hō)
* Kun: ポンド (pondo)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 磅
* ポンド Hyōgai
* Alternative spellings
* 封 听
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ポンド [póꜜǹdò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [põ̞ndo̞]

### Noun

磅(ポンド) • (pondo)
* Rare spelling of ポンド (pondo, “pound”).

#### Synonyms

* パウンド (paundo)
* 英斤(えいきん) (eikin)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

磅 • (bang) (hangeul 방, revised bang, McCune–Reischauer pang, Yale pang)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

磅: Hán Nôm readings: bàng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.