# frac
## English
### Alternative forms

* frack

### Etymology 1

From English hydrofracking.

#### Verb

frac (third-person singular simple present fracs, present participle fraccing, simple past and past participle fracced)
* (oil industry) To use hydraulic fracturing (fraccing)
** 2011, Arrow, “Fraccing”, in Arrow Energy‎ (html), archived from the original on 22 January 2012:To date, Arrow has only fracced about 2.5 percent of its wells ...

#### Adjective

frac
* (oil industry) Relating to or denoting hydraulic fracturing
** 2012 January 3, Ralph Benko, “Daniel Yergin's The Quest”, in Forbes‎:More than a million wells have been fracced in the United States since the first frac job six decades ago.
** 2012 January 26, Jonathan Fahey, “No energy industry backing for the word 'fracking'”, in Yahoo News‎:The drilling industry has generally spelled the word without a "K," using terms like "frac job" or "frac fluid."

### Etymology 2

Abbreviation of frac job.

#### Noun

frac (plural fracs)
* (oil industry) Frac job.
** 1976, United States. Energy Research and Development Administration, Bartlesville Energy Technology Center, United States. Dept. of Energy. Division of Oil, Gas, and Shale Technology, United States. Division of Oil, Gas, Shale, and In Situ Technology, United States. Dept. of Energy. Division of Fossil Fuel Extraction, “NATURAL BUTTES UNIT, UINTAH COUNTY, UTAH, MASSIVE HYDRAULIC FRACTURING DEMONSTRATION”, in Contracts for cooperative and supporting research on enhanced oil and gas recovery and improved drilling methods‎, volumes 7-10:A program summary showing the type and volume of fluid and the size and amount of sand that is planned for the eight fracs is shown in table 1.

### Etymology 3

Abbreviation of fracture.

#### Noun

frac (plural fracs)
* Fracture.
* Fracturing.

### Etymology 4

Abbreviation of fraction.

#### Noun

frac (plural fracs)
* Fraction
* Fractioning

### Derived terms

* frac job
* frac spread

### Anagrams

* FARC, FCRA, RCAF, carf

## French
### Etymology

From English frock.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fʁak/
* Audio; “fric-frac”:(file)

### Noun

frac m (plural fracs)
* white tie and tails

#### Descendants

* → Russian: фрак (frak)
** → Armenian: ֆրակ (frak)
** → Georgian: ფრაკი (praḳi)

### Further reading

* “frac”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French frac.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfrak/
* Rhymes: -ak
* Hyphenation: fràc

### Noun

frac m (invariable)
* morning dress, tailcoat, white tie and tails

### References

* ↑ frac in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

## Middle Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *wrakkā, probably related to *grúac (“hair”); for similar sense development, see Scottish Gaelic gruagach (“maiden, woman”), which evolved from gruag, as unmarried women did not cover their hair.
Compare Welsh gwraig and Breton gwreg.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɸraɡ]

### Noun

frac f
* woman
    Synonyms: banscál, ben

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Middle Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “frac”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN, page gruag
* ↑ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwraig”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
* ↑ Garnett, R. (1859). The Philological Essays of the Late Rev. Richard Garnett, of the British Museum. United Kingdom: Williams and Norgate, p. 159

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 frac, frag”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French frac.

### Noun

frac n (plural fracuri)
* white tie and tails

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French frac.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfɾak/ [ˈfɾak]
* Rhymes: -ak
* Syllabification: frac

### Noun

frac m (plural fracs or fraques)
* tailcoat

### Further reading

* “frac”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10