# hol
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch hol, from Middle Dutch hol, from Old Dutch *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦɔl/

### Noun

hol (plural holle, diminutive holletjie)
* A hole, a hollow, a cavity.

### Adjective

hol (attributive hol, comparative holler, superlative holste)
* hollow

## Alemannic German
### Etymology

From Old High German hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulaz. Cognate with German hohl, Dutch hol, Saterland Frisian hol, English hollow, Icelandic holur.

### Adjective

hol
* (Uri) hollow

### References

* Abegg, Emil (1911) Die Mundart von Urseren [The Dialect of Urseren], Frauenfeld, Switzerland: Huber & co., page 35.

## Bouyei
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xo˨˦/

### Noun

hol
* garlic

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦol]

### Verb

hol
* second-person singular imperative of holit

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦɔl/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: hol
* Rhymes: -ɔl

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch hol, from Old Dutch *hol, from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą.

#### Noun

hol n (plural holen, diminutive holletje n)
* a hole, hollow, cavity
    Synonyms: gat, opening, holte, uitsparing
* (nautical) a cargo hold
* (vulgar) an anus, arsehole; both anatomical senses of butt
    Synonyms: aars, gat, reet
    Je hol zul je zelf moeten schoonmaken.You'll have to clean up your arse yourself.
* (by extension) any other bodily cavity that resembles a hole
* an artificial opening such as a slit
* burrow (a hole or tunnel dug by a small animal, like a rabbit, used as a dwelling)
    Synonyms: leger, burcht, pijp
* (figuratively) an unsanitary and/or unpleasant place; shithole
    Synonym: gat

##### Derived terms

* donderhol
* enkelholig
* holbewoner
* holdrukker
* holenbeer
* holenbroeder
* holenduif
* holenkunde
* holenkunst
* holenmens
* holenspin
* holenzwaluw
* hoolophouder
* ooghol
* voorhoofdshol
* berghol
* drakenhol
* haardhol
* kelderhol
* kerkerhol
* konijnenhol
* kruiphol
* manhol
* piratenhol
* rookhol
* rovershol
* satyrshol
* scheepshol
* speelhol
* vossenhol
* waterhol

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: hol
* Negerhollands: hol
* → Caribbean Hindustani: hol
* → Lokono: hôle
* → Papiamentu: hòl

#### Adjective

hol (comparative holler, superlative holst)
* hollow, having an empty space inside
    Antonyms: vol, gevuld, solide

##### Derived terms

* holte
* uithollen

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: hol
* Berbice Creole Dutch: holo
* Negerhollands: hool
* → Papiamentu: hòl, hol

### Etymology 2

Deverbal from hollen.

#### Noun

hol m (plural hollen, diminutive holletje n)
* a run, the action running

##### Derived terms

* op hol

### Etymology 3

Unknown, perhaps cognate with English hill. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

#### Noun

hol f (plural hollen, diminutive holletje n)
* a small height in the landscape, such as
** a hill (like the Utrecht city wall ruins)
** a sloping road (as in Rotterdam)

### Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

hol
* inflection of hollen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Faroese
### Etymology

From Old Norse hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulą, noun-derivation from *hulaz (“hollow”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewH- (“hollow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hoːl/
* Rhymes: -oːl

### Noun

hol n (genitive singular hols, plural hol)
* hole
* cave
* (dentistry) cavity

#### Declension
## German
### Verb

hol
* singular imperative of holen

## Hungarian
### Alternative forms

* hun (dialectal)

### Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *ku.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhol]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: hol
* Rhymes: -ol

### Adverb

hol
* (interrogative) where?
    Synonym: merre? (see also its Usage notes)
** 1825, Mihály Vörösmarty, Zalán futása, canto 1, lines 5–6, translation by Watson Kirkconnell and Adam Makkai:
    Hol vagyon, aki merész ajakát hadi dalnak eresztvén, / A riadó vak mélységet fölverje szavával, […]Where is the one who, with lips all bold, could thunder a war-song / rousing the gloom of the deep and unsighty abysses, […]

#### Derived terms

* ahol
* akárhol
* bárhol
* hollét
* holott
* máshol
* mindenhol
* néhol
* sehol
* valahol

### Conjunction

hol
* now… now, sometimes… sometimes, either… or
    Hol itt, hol ott bukkant ki egy delfin a vízből. ― Sometimes here, sometimes there, a dolphin would pop out of the water.
    Mindig van valami: hol áramszünet, hol csőtörés. ― There’s always something: either it’s a blackout or a burst pipe.
    Hol volt, hol nem volt, volt egyszer egy király. ― Once upon a time there was a king. (literally, “now there was, now there wasn’t…”)

### See also

$^1$ Semhogy and semmint are conjunctions meaning “(rather) than”, “before” (as in inkább meghal, semhogy… ― he'll rather die than…). $^2$ Valamint is now only used in the sense of “as well as” in enumerations. $^3$ Mindeddig/-addig mean “up until this/that point” (= egészen eddig/addig). Csak following relative pronouns expresses “-ever”, e.g. aki csak (“whoever”); is after “any” pronouns emphasizes “no matter”: akármit is (“no matter what”).

### Further reading

* hol in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English hol, from Proto-West Germanic *hol, from Proto-Germanic *hulaz (“hollow”).

#### Adjective

hol
* hollow, empty
* concave, sunken
* holey (full of holes)

##### Alternative forms

* hole, holle, halle

##### Descendants

* English: hole
* Scots: holl, how, howe
* Yola: hel

#### References

* “hō̆l(e, adj.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

hol
* Alternative form of hole (“whole”)

#### Noun

hol
* Alternative form of hole (“whole”)

#### Adverb

hol
* Alternative form of hole (“wholly”)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

hol (plural hols)
* Alternative form of hole (“hole”)

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

hol (plural hols)
* Alternative form of hole (“hull”)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hóll.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /huːl/

#### Noun

hol m (definite singular holen, indefinite plural holer, definite plural holene)
* a low hillock, a mound in a bog or on a flat

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse holr.

#### Adjective

hol (masculine and feminine hol, neuter holt, definite singular and plural hole, comparative holere, indefinite superlative holest, definite superlative holeste)
* alternative form of hul

### Etymology 3

From Old Norse hol.

#### Alternative forms

* hull

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hoːl/

#### Noun

hol n (definite singular holet, indefinite plural hol, definite plural hola or holene)
* form removed by a 2021 spelling decision; superseded by høl

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse holr, from Proto-Germanic *hulaz.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [hɞ̞ːl], [hɞ̞ːɽ]

#### Adjective

hol (neuter holt, definite singular and plural hole, comparative holare, indefinite superlative holast, definite superlative holaste)
* hollow

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse hol. Akin to English hole and German Höhle.

#### Pronunciation

* (Widespread forms) IPA: [ho̞ːl], [ho̞ːɽ], [hɞ̞ːl], [hɞ̞ːɽ], [hɔlˑ], [hɶːl], [hɶːɽ], [høːl], [høːɽ] The latter ones often spelled as høl in dialectal or humorous settings.
** (Gudbrandsdalen) IPA: [hu̞ɽ]
** (Setesdalen) IPA: [hʊɔl]
** (Trøndelag and Solør) IPA: [hɐːɽ], [hæːɽ]
** (Idd) IPA: [hɵːɽ]

#### Noun

hol n (definite singular holet, indefinite plural hol, definite plural hola)
* alternative spelling of hòl (“hole”)

### Etymology 3

From Old Norse hóll.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /huːl/

#### Noun

hol m (definite singular holen, indefinite plural holar, definite plural holane)
* alternative spelling of hól

### References

* “hol” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *hol (“hollow space, cavity”).

#### Alternative forms

* hola

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xol/, [hol]

#### Noun

hol n
* hole
** late 10th century, Ælfric, Lives of Saints, quoting Matthew 8:20
    Foxas habbaþ holu and fugelas habbaþ nest, and iċ næbbe wununge hwider iċ mīn heafod ahyldan mæġe.Foxes have holes and birds have nests, but I have no dwelling where I can rest my head.

##### Usage notes

Hol refers only to a hole in the ground. For any other kind of hole, þȳrel is used.

##### Declension

Strong a-stem:

##### Derived terms

* holian

##### Descendants

* Middle English: hole, hol, ol, ole, holle, hoil, houl, hul
** English: hole (see there for further descendants)
** Scots: hole
** Yola: hullès (plural)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *hōlą (“vain speech, slander, calumny”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱeh₁l-, *keh₁l- (“to beguile, deceive”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xoːl/, [hoːl]

#### Noun

hōl n
* calumny; slander

##### Declension

Strong a-stem:

##### Related terms

* hēlan
* hōlian

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “hol”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* Old English to Modern English Translator

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hol, whence also Old English hol, Old Norse holr.

### Adjective

hol
* hollow

### Noun

hol n
* hollow

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: hol
** Alemannic German: hol
** German: hohl
** Luxembourgish: huel

## Old Norse
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *hulą.

#### Noun

hol n
* a hole

##### Related terms

* holr (“hollow”)

##### Descendants

* Icelandic: hola
* Faroese: hol
* Norwegian Bokmål: høl
* Norwegian Nynorsk: hol
** → Norwegian Bokmål: hol
* Old Swedish: hol, hul
** Swedish: hål, (dialectal) hôl
* Old Danish: hol
** Danish: hul
*** Norwegian Bokmål: hull
* →? Norman: houle (unless from Frankish *hol)
** → French: houle

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

hol
* strong feminine nominative singular of holr
* strong neuter nominative/accusative plural of holr

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “hol”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxɔl/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔl
* Syllabification: hol

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English hall, from Proto-Germanic *hallō. Doublet of hala (“concourse, hall”).

#### Noun

hol m inan (diminutive holik)
* hall, hallway
* lobby
    Synonyms: kuluar, lobby
* vestibule, anteroom
    Synonyms: przedsionek, przysienie, sień

##### Related terms

* sala

### Etymology 2

Back-formation from holować, from German holen.

#### Noun

hol m inan
* haul, tow

##### Related terms

* holować
* holownik

#### References

* ↑ https://sjp.pwn.pl/doroszewski/hol-I;5433490.html
* ↑ https://sjp.pwn.pl/doroszewski/holowac;5433516.html

### Further reading

* hol in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* hol in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French hall.

### Noun

hol n (plural holuri)
* hall
* lobby

#### Declension
## Saterland Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian hol, from Proto-West Germanic *hol. Cognates include German hohl and West Frisian hol.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɔl/
* Hyphenation: hol
* Rhymes: -ɔl

### Adjective

hol (masculine hollen, feminine, plural or definite holle, comparative holler, superlative holst)
* hollow

#### Derived terms

* Hollound

### References

* Marron C. Fort (2015) “hol”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

## Turkish
### Etymology

From English hall.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [hol]

### Noun

hol (definite accusative holü, plural holler)
* hall

#### Synonyms

* sofa

## Uzbek
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).

### Noun

hol (plural hollar)
* (grammar) adverb

## Yola
### Etymology

From Middle English howlen, from Old English *hūlian, from Proto-West Germanic *hūilōn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɔl/

### Verb

hol
* to bawl

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 46