# jnj
## Translingual
### Symbol

jnj
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Yemsa.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Yemsa terms

## Egyptian
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /ˈjiːnit/ → /ˈjiːniʔ/ → /ˈʔiːna/ → /ˈʔiːnə/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ˈjiːnit/
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /ˈjiːniʔ/
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /ˈʔiːna/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /ˈʔiːnə/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /ini/
** Conventional anglicization: ini

#### Verb

3ae inf.
* (transitive) to bring, to get, to fetch
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 140–142: dj.j jn.t(w) n.k jbj ḥknw jwdnb ẖsꜣyt sntr n(j) gsw prw sḥtpw nṯr nb jm.fI will have them bring you labdanum, ḥknw-oil, jwdnb-incense, cassia, and the incense of the temple storerooms, with which every god is made content.
* (transitive) to acquire, to get
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 174–175: ꜥḥꜥ.n(.j) ꜥq.kw ḥr jtj mz.n.j n.f jnw pn jn.n.j m ẖnw n(j) jw pnThen I entered before the sovereign and presented him with those gifts (literally, “this getting”) that I had gotten within that island.
* (transitive) to attain (a goal)
* (intransitive) to have recourse, to turn [with m ‘to’]

##### Inflection

infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive$^1$
singular
plural
jnt, jnj
jnw, jn
jnt, jnwt, jnyt
jn
jn, jny
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective$^2$
periphrastic prospective$^2$
jn$^8$, jnn$^8$
ḥr jnt, ḥr jnj
m jnt, m jnj
r jnt, r jnj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
jn.n
jnw, jn, jny
consecutive
jn.jn
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
terminative
jnt, jnyt
perfective$^3$
jn
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
obligative$^1$
jn.ḫr
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
imperfective
jn, jny
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
prospective$^3$
jnw, jn, jny
jnw, jn, jny
potentialis$^1$
jn.kꜣ
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
subjunctive
jnt
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
jn.n
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
perfective
jnw$^1$, jny, jn
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
jn
jny, jn
imperfective
jnn, jnny, jnnw$^5$
active + .tj$^1$, .tw$^2$
jnn, jnnj$^6$, jnny$^6$
jnn, jnnw$^5$
prospective
jnw$^1$, jny, jn, jntj$^7$
jnwtj$^{14}$, jntj$^4$, jnt$^4$
$^1$ Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
$^2$ Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
$^3$ Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
$^4$ Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending. :

##### Derived terms

* jn-jt.f
* jn-ḥrt
* rḏj jn.tw

##### Descendants

* Demotic: jn
** Bohairic Coptic: ⲓⲛⲓ (ini)
** Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲓⲛⲉ (eine)

### Etymology 2

Uncertain. Like many fifth-dynasty pharaohs’ birth names, this name may simply be a diminutive without any meaning of its own, perhaps of the pharaoh’s throne name n-wsr-rꜥ (in which case it may not be the actual name given at birth). Alternatively, some have tentatively attempted to explain it with various meanings, such as ‘the delayed one’ or ‘the (one with the bushy?) eyebrows’.

#### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /ini/
** Conventional anglicization: ini

#### Proper noun

m
* a male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Nyuserre Ini, a pharaoh of the Fifth Dynasty

##### Alternative forms

jny :

### References

* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 180, 189, 228, 250, 267–268, 456.
* Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, pages 83, 146
* Leprohon, Ronald (2013) Denise Doxey, editor, The Great Name: Ancient Egyptian Royal Titulary, Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, →ISBN, page 40
* von Beckerath, Jürgen (1984) Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen, München: Deutscher Kunstverlag, →ISBN, pages 55, 182