# 甌

| 甌 | U+750C, &#29964; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-750C |
| ← 甋 [U+750B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 甍 → [U+750D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

甌 (Kangxi radical 98, 瓦+11, 16 strokes, cangjie input 尸口一女弓 (SRMVN), four-corner 7171$_7$, composition ⿰區瓦)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 751, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21586
* Dae Jaweon: page 1159, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1430, character 15
* Unihan data for U+750C

## Chinese

* 甌

### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 甌
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 摳 | *kʰoː, *kʰo |
| 彄 | *kʰoː |
| 剾 | *kʰoː, *qoː |
| 謳 | *qoː |
| 歐 | *qoː, *qoːʔ |
| 區 | *qoː, *kʰo |
| 鷗 | *qoː |
| 甌 | *qoː |
| 漚 | *qoː, *qoːs |
| 瞘 | *qoː |
| 嘔 | *qoː, *qoːʔ |
| 櫙 | *qoː |
| 膒 | *qoː |
| 蓲 | *qoː, *kʰu, *qo, *qos |
| 醧 | *qoː, *qas |
| 鏂 | *qoː |
| 毆 | *qoːʔ |
| 塸 | *qoːʔ |
| 貙 | *kʰl'o |
| 樞 | *kʰjo |
| 驅 | *kʰo, *kʰos |
| 軀 | *kʰo |
| 嶇 | *kʰo |
| 鰸 | *kʰo |
| 敺 | *kʰo |
| 傴 | *qoʔ |
| 嫗 | *qos |
| 饇 | *qos |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qoː) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo, “vessel”) + semantic 瓦 (“pottery”).

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔəw-ŋ (“pot; vat; jar”) (reconstructed provisionally). Related to 椀 (OC *qoːnʔ), 碗 (OC *qoːnʔ, “bowl”), and possibly 甕 (OC *qoːŋs, “urn”). Compare Burmese အိုး (ui:, “pot”) (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): ōu (ou$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄡ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ngou$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): au$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): é
* Eastern Min (BUC): ĕu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ao$^1$ / ieo$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): au / o͘ / io
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ao$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$eu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ou
*** Wade–Giles: ou$^1$
*** Yale: ōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ou
*** Palladius: оу (ou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: ngou$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ngou
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋəu⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: au$^1$
*** Yale: āu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: au$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: eo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɐu̯⁵⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: é
*** Sinological IPA : /e⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ĕu
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛu⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ao$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /au⁵³³/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ieo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ieu⁵³³/
* ao1 - vernacular;
* ieo1 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: 'uw
Rime :
| Character | 甌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 烏侯切 |
| Baxter | 'uw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔəu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔəu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔəw/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔu/ |
| Wang Li | /əu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ōu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | au$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qoː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 甌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10586 |
| Phonetic component | 區 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 謳 |
| Old Chinese | /*qoː/ |

### Definitions

甌
* small bowl; small cup; small tray
* Abbreviation of 溫州 / 温州 (Wēnzhōu): Wenzhou (a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang, in southeastern China)
* a surname
* (Penang Hokkien) cup
* (Penang Hokkien) classifier for cups of drinks

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 碗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 碗, 碗兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 碗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 碗 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 碗 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 碗 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 碗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 碗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 碗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 碗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 碗 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 碗兒, 碗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 碗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 碗 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 碗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 碗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 碗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 碗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 碗 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 碗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 碗兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 碗盞, 碗 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 碗, 盞子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 碗 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 碗 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 碗 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 碗, 甌 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 碗 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 碗 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 碗 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 碗 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 碗, 碗公, 碗仔 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 碗公 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 碗 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 碗 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 碗 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 碗 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 碗 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 碗 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 碗 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 碗 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 碗 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 碗 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 碗 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 碗 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 碗, 碗頭 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 碗 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 碗, 碗頭 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 碗, 碗頭 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 碗 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 碗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 碗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 碗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 碗 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 碗 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 碗 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 碗 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 碗 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 碗 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 碗 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 碗 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 碗 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 碗 |
| Wu | Danyang | 碗盞 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 碗盞, 碗 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 碗盞 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 碗 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 碗 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 碗, 蓮花子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 碗 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 碗 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 杯子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 杯子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 杯子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 杯 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 杯 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 杯子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 杯子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 杯子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 杯杯, 杯子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 杯子, 盞子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 杯子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 杯子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 杯子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 杯子, 盞子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 杯 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 杯 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 杯 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 杯 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 杯 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 杯 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 杯子, 盅子, 甌子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 杯子, 盅子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 杯仔 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 杯哩 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 杯仔 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 杯子 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 杯仔 |
| Hakka | Changting | 甌哩 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 杯 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 杯 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 甌子 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 杯 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 盞子, 杯 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 盅子, 杯 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 甌子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 杯仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 杯仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 杯仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 杯 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 杯仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 甌, 杯 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 杯子, 杯 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 杯子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 杯子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 甌仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 杯杯 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 杯杯 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 杯, 杯仔, 甌仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 杯, 甌仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 杯, 甌仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 杯仔, 甌仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 甌 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 杯, 杯仔 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 杯, 盅 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 杯仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 盅 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 盅 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 盅 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 杯 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 茶杯 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 杯 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 杯子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 杯子 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 杯 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 杯子, 盅子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 杯子, 盅子 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 杯 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 杯 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 杯 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 杯 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 杯 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 杯 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 杯 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 杯 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 杯 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 杯 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 杯 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 杯 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 杯 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 甌 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 杯 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 盅 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 盅 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 盅 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 杯 |

### Compounds

* 名動金甌 / 名动金瓯
* 名覆金甌 / 名覆金瓯
* 固金甌 / 固金瓯
* 建甌 / 建瓯 (Jiàn'ōu)
* 擊甌 / 击瓯
* 東甌 / 东瓯 (Dōng'ōu)
* 甌劇 / 瓯剧 (ōujù)
* 甌子 / 瓯子
* 甌宰 / 瓯宰
* 甌摳 / 瓯抠
* 甌柑 / 瓯柑 (ōugān)
* 甌江 / 瓯江 (Ōujiāng)
* 甌海 / 瓯海 (Ōuhǎi)
* 甌穴 / 瓯穴
* 甌窶 / 瓯窭 (ōulóu)
* 甌繡 / 瓯绣
* 甌脫 / 瓯脱 (ōutuō)
* 甌臾 / 瓯臾
* 甌語 / 瓯语 (ōuyǔ)
* 甌越 / 瓯越 (Ōuyuè)
* 金甌 / 金瓯 (jīn'ōu)
* 金甌無缺 / 金瓯无缺 (jīn'ōuwúquē)
* 金甌藏名 / 金瓯藏名

### References

* “甌”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “瓯”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 11.
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “瓯”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 169.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 瓯 |
| Kyūjitai | 甌 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 瓯)
* small jar
* jug

#### Readings

* Go-on: う (u)
* Kan-on: おう (ō)
* Kun: かめ (kame, 甌)、はち (hachi, 甌)、ほとぎ (hotogi, 甌)

## Korean
### Hanja

甌 (eum 구 (gu))
* bowl, cup
* small tray

## Vietnamese
### Han character

甌: Hán Nôm readings: âu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.