# 갓

| 갓 | U+AC13, &#44051; HANGUL SYLLABLE GAS |
| Composition: | ㄱ + ㅏ + ㅅ |
| ← 값 [U+AC12] | Hangul Syllables | 갔 → [U+AC14] |
가각갂갃간갅갆 갇갈갉갊갋갌갍 갎갏감갑값갓갔 강갖갗갘같갚갛 :
* → 개

## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kas⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [ka̠t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [갇]

### Noun

갓 (gat)
* wife
* woman

## Korean
### Etymology 1

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆺ (Yale: kos).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [갇]

#### Adverb

갓 • (gat)
* just now; a moment ago
    Synonyms: 막 (mak), 방금(方今) (banggeum)
    갓 다녀갔어요. ― Gat danyeogasseoyo. ― [He] has just been here.
    갓난아기 ― gannanagi ― newborn (literally, “baby just now born”)
* just, barely; used to emphasize the newness of the state
    갓 스무 살 ― gat seumu sal ― just [turned] twenty; barely twenty

##### Derived terms

* 갓난아기 (gannanagi, “newborn, infant”, literally “just-born baby”)
* 갓밝이 (gatbalgi, “dawn”, literally “just-brightening”)

### Etymology 2

First attested in the 使高麗錄, 1123, as Late Old Korean 軋.
In the hangul script, first attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean 갇〮 (Yale: kát).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [갇]

#### Noun

갓 • (gat)
* gat (a traditional Korean hat made of horsehair, once worn by married gentlemen)
    Synonym: 입자(笠子) (ipja)
* (mycology) pileus; cap of a mushroom

##### Derived terms

* 갓걸이 (gatgeori)
* 갓끈 (gatkkeun)
* 갓두루마기하다 (gatdurumagihada)
* 갓모자(帽子) (ganmoja)
* 갓방 (gatbang)
* 갓양태 (gadyangtae)
* 갓칠대 (gatchildae)
* 등갓 (deunggat)
* 삿갓 (satgat)

##### Descendants

* → English: gat, kat
* → Japanese: カッ (ka')
* → Russian: кат (kat)

### Etymology 3

First attested in the Dong'ui bogam (東醫寶鑑 / 동의보감), 1613, as Early Modern Korean 갓 (Yale: kas), plausibly an ancient pre-Sino-Korean borrowing from Old Chinese 芥 (OC *kreːds, “mustard plant”). The Sino-Korean reading is 개 (芥, gae).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [갇]

#### Noun

갓 • (gat)
* mustard plant (Brassica juncea), or the grain thereof

##### Derived terms

* 갓김치 (gatgimchi, “kimchi made of mustard leaves”)
* 갓나물 (gannamul, “mustard greens”)

### Etymology 4

First attested in the Daemyeongnyul jikhae (대명률직해 / 大明律直解) [The Correct Translation of the Great Ming Code], 1395, in the hungaja form 枝 (literally “branch”), to be understood that this word is to be pronounced similarly to the Middle Korean word for "branch", 갖 (Yale: kac).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [갇]

#### Noun

갓 • (gat)
* (archaic) plant reserve; area whose plants cannot be cut

##### Derived terms

* 나뭇갓 (namutgat)
* 말림갓 (mallimgat)
* 풀갓 (pulgat)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [갇]

#### Counter

갓 • (gat)
* bundle of ten dried fish or herbs
    굴비 여섯 갓 ― gulbi yeoseot gat ― six bunches of dried croaker fish

### Etymology 6

See the main entry; preserves the sibilant final (lenited to /z/ in Middle Korean and now fully lost in Seoul).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠(ː)t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [갇(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

갓 • (gat)
* (Gyeongsang, Chungcheong, Jeolla dialect) Dialectal form of 가 (ga, “edge, fringe”)

### Etymology 7

A hanja created in Korea to represent a syllable without Sino-Korean equivalent.

#### Syllable

갓 • (gat)
* 㖙: Used to represent the Korean syllable [ka̠t̚] in Classical Chinese texts.
    (eumhun reading: 음역자 갓 (eumyeokja gat)) (MC reading: 㖙)

### References

* ↑ Laurent Sagart (1999) “The origin of Chinese tones”, in Proceedings of the Symposium/Cross-Linguistic Studies of Tonal Phenomena/Tonogenesis, Typology and Related Topics‎ (in Korean), Tokyo, Japan, pages 91—104