# 憧

| 憧 | U+61A7, &#24999; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61A7 |
| ← 憦 [U+61A6] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 憨 → [U+61A8] |

## Translingual
### Han character

憧 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 心卜廿土 (PYTG), four-corner 9001$_4$, composition ⿰忄童)
* irresolute, indecisive
* yearn for

#### Derived characters

* 𢣛, 𢤤

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 403, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11242
* Dae Jaweon: page 743, character 24
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2356, character 6
* Unihan data for U+61A7

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 憧
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 撞 | *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs |
| 幢 | *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs |
| 橦 | *rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ |
| 噇 | *rdoːŋ |
| 𩪘 | *rdoːŋ |
| 艟 | *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ |
| 憧 | *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ |
| 畽 | *tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ |
| 董 | *toːŋʔ |
| 蕫 | *toːŋʔ, *doːŋ |
| 箽 | *toːŋʔ |
| 懂 | *toːŋʔ |
| 湩 | *toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs |
| 曈 | *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ |
| 童 | *doːŋ |
| 僮 | *doːŋ |
| 瞳 | *doːŋ |
| 罿 | *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
| 犝 | *doːŋ |
| 潼 | *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
| 穜 | *doːŋ, *doŋ |
| 動 | *doːŋʔ |
| 慟 | *doːŋs |
| 堹 | *toŋs |
| 諥 | *toŋs |
| 蹱 | *tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ |
| 重 | *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs |
| 緟 | *doŋ, *doŋs |
| 蝩 | *doŋ |
| 褈 | *doŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
| 鐘 | *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ |
| 鍾 | *tjoŋ |
| 籦 | *tjoŋ |
| 種 | *tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs |
| 腫 | *tjoŋʔ |
| 踵 | *tjoŋʔ |
| 歱 | *tjoŋʔ |
| 喠 | *tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ |
| 偅 | *tjoŋs |
| 衝 | *tʰjoŋ |
| 揰 | *tʰjoŋs |
| 尰 | *djoŋʔ |

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chōng (chong$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cung$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhiong
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chong
*** Wade–Giles: chʻung$^1$
*** Yale: chūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chong
*** Palladius: чун (čun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cung$^1$
*** Yale: chūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiong
*** Tâi-lô: tshiong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiofng
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: tsyhowng
Rime :
| Character | 憧 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) |
| Final (韻) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 尺容切 |
| Baxter | tsyhowng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕʰɨoŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕʰioŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕʰioŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cʰuawŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕʰioŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕʰĭwoŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕʰi̯woŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjoŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 憧 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 17480 |
| Phonetic component | 重 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𧘂 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰjoŋ/ |

#### Definitions

憧
* irresolute; indecisive
* Used in 憧憬 (chōngjǐng).

#### Compounds

* 憧憧
* 憧憬 (chōngjǐng)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhuàng (zhuang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄤˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhuàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhuàng
*** Wade–Giles: chuang$^4$
*** Yale: jwàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juanq
*** Palladius: чжуан (čžuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: draewngH
Rime :
| Character | 憧 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 江 (9) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 直絳切 |
| Baxter | draewngH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖˠʌŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖᵚɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖaɨwŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhuàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zong$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*rdoːŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 憧 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 17428 |
| Phonetic component | 重 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 䡴 |
| Old Chinese | /*rdoːŋs/ |

#### Definitions

憧
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) foolish; ignorant

#### Compounds

* 憧憧

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* longing, yearning

#### Readings

From Middle Chinese 憧 (MC tsyhowng):
* Go-on: しゅ (shu)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)
From Middle Chinese 憧 (MC draewngH):
* Go-on: どう (dō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō)
* Kan’yō-on: どう (dō)
Readings shared by both kanji:
* Kun: あこがれる (akogareru, 憧れる, Jōyō)、あこがらす (akogarasu, 憧らす)

#### Compounds

* 憧憬(しょうけい) (shōkei), 憧憬(どうけい) (dōkei, “longing, yearning”)

#### Usage notes

* Some dictionaries apparently classify the dō reading as kan'yō-on only, despite the second borrowing from Middle Chinese 憧 (MC draewngH).

## Korean
### Hanja

憧 (eumhun 그리워할 동 (geuriwohal dong))
* hanja form of 동 (“longing, yearning”)

#### Compounds

* 동경 (憧憬, donggyeong, “longing; yearning”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

憧: Hán Nôm readings: sung
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation