# 年歲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): niánsuì
       (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄟˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyian$^2$ sui$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): nin$^4$ seoi$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): nî-hòe / nî-hè / nî-hèr
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ni$^5$ huê$^3$
* Xiang (Loudi, Wiktionary): ninn$^2$ sy$^{4*}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niánsuì
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: niánsuèi
*** Wade–Giles: nien$^2$-sui$^4$
*** Yale: nyán-swèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niansuey
*** Palladius: няньсуй (njanʹsuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯ɛn³⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nyian$^2$ sui$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: niansui
*** Sinological IPA : /nʲiɛn²¹ suei²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: nin$^4$ seoi$^3$
*** Yale: nìhn seui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: nin$^4$ soey$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nin$^4$ sêu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /niːn²¹ sɵy̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-hòe
*** Tâi-lô: nî-huè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ni'hoex
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ¹³⁻²² hue²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ hue²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-hè
*** Tâi-lô: nî-hè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ni'hex
*** IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ he¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² he²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-hèr
*** Tâi-lô: nî-hèr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² hə⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ni$^5$ huê$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî huè
*** Sinological IPA : /ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/
* Xiang
** (Loudi)
*** Wiktionary: ninn$^2$ sy$^{4*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /nĩ¹³ sy³⁵⁻⁵/
* Middle Chinese: nen sjwejH
Rime :
| Character | 年 | 歲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) | 祭 (36) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 奴顚切 | 相銳切 |
| Baxter | nen | sjwejH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /nen/ | /siuᴇi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /nen/ | /sʷiɛi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nɛn/ | /siuæi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nɛn/ | /swiaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /nen/ | /siuɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /nien/ | /sĭwɛi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /nien/ | /si̯wɛi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nián | suì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | nin$^4$ | seoi$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.nˤi[ŋ] s-qʷʰat-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*niːŋ sqʰʷads|sqʰʷad/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 年 | 歲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | nián | suì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nen › | ‹ sjwej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.nˁi[ŋ]/ | /*s-qʷʰat-s/ |
| English | harvest; year | year |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 年 | 歲 | 歲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 9482 | 12165 | 12175 |
| Phonetic component | 秊 | 歲 | 歲 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 祭 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | | 雪 |
| Old Chinese | /*niːŋ/ | /*sqʰʷads/ | /*sqʰʷad/ |
| Notes | 同秊 | 甲金文戉分化字， 說文戌聲非 | |

### Noun

年歲
* age (of a person)
    From: Rites of Zhou, circa 3rd century BCE
    Biàn qí niánsuì, yǔ qí guìjiàn. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* long period of time
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Gǔ yú ruò jiāng bù jí xī, kǒng niánsuì zhī bù wú yǔ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* age; era; period
* year's harvest
    From: Mozi, c. 4th century BCE
    Gù shí niánsuì shàn, zé mín rén qiě liáng; shí niánsuì xiōng, zé mín lìn qiě è. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* (age of a person):
* 年事 (niánshì)
* 年紀 / 年纪 (niánjì)
* 年齒 / 年齿 (niánchǐ) (literary, of a person, in years)
* 年齡 / 年龄 (niánlíng)
* 歲子 / 岁子 (Hokkien)
* 歲數 / 岁数 (suìshu)
* 歲聲 / 岁声 (Hokkien, Teochew)
* 歲頭 / 岁头 (Hokkien)
* 齒髮 / 齿发 (chǐfà) (literary, humble)
* (long period of time): (literary) 年數／年数 (niánshù)
* (period):
* 世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 世代 (shìdài) (literary)
* 光陰 / 光阴 (Dungan)
* 年代 (niándài)
* 年候兒 / 年候儿 (niánhour) (Beijing Mandarin)
* 年華 / 年华 (niánhuá)
* 時代 / 时代 (shídài)
* 時期 / 时期 (shíqī)
* 朝代 (cháodài)
* 歲月 / 岁月 (suìyuè)
* (year's harvest):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 年歲 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 年成, 年景 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 年成, 年景 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 年景兒, 年成兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 年成, 年景 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 年成 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 年成 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 年成 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 年成 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 時年 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 年成 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 年成 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 年景 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 年歲 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 年成, 年房 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 年成 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 年冬 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 年冬 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 年冬 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 年冬 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 年冬 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 年冬 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 年成 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 年象 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 年冬, 年旬 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 年冬 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 年冬 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 年冬 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 年冬 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 年成 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 年冬 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 年冬 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 年冬 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 年成 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 年成, 年勢 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 年景 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 年成 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 年成 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 年成 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 年成 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 年歲 |

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 年 | 歲 |

### Noun

年歲 • (yeonse) (hangeul 연세)
* hanja form of 연세 (“age (honorific)”)