# prisoner
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English prisoner, from Old French prisonier (compare Medieval Latin prisōnārius), equivalent to prison +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpɹɪzənə/, /ˈpɹɪznə/
* (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˈpɹɪzənɚ/, /ˈpɹɪznɚ/
* Audio (General American):(file)
* Hyphenation: pri‧son‧er

### Noun

prisoner (plural prisoners)
* A person incarcerated in a prison, while on trial or serving a sentence.
    Synonym: jailbird
** 1861, Edward William Cox, Reports of Cases in Criminal Law:The evidence disclosed that the three prisoners were in a public-house together with the prosecutor, Abraham Rhodes, and that in concert with the other two prisoners, the prisoner John Dewhirst placed a pencase on the table in the room where they were assembled, and left the room to get writing-paper.
* Any person held against their will.
** c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:And gainſt the General we will lift our ſwords / And either lanch his greedie thirſting throat, / Or take him priſoner, and his chaine ſhall ſerue / For Manackles, till he be ranſom’d home.
** 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:Captain Edward Carlisle, soldier as he was, martinet as he was, felt a curious sensation of helplessness seize upon him as he met her steady gaze, her alluring smile ; he could not tell what this prisoner might do.
* A person who is or feels confined or trapped by a situation or a set of circumstances.
    I am no longer a prisoner to fear, for I am a child of God.

#### Derived terms

* ghost prisoner
* non-prisoner
* political prisoner
* prisoner at large
* prisoner exchange
* prisoner of conscience
* prisoner of hope
* prisoner of war
* prisoner-of-war camp
* prisoner swap
* prisoner visa
* Spanish prisoner
* star prisoner

#### Related terms

* imprison
* prison

#### Translations

Albanian: i burgosur (sq), i burgosun (sq) (Gheg), rob (sq) m
Arabic: سَجِين m (sajīn), سَجِينَة f (sajīna), مَحْبُوس m (maḥbūs), مَحْبُوسَة f (maḥbūsa)
Armenian: բանտարկյալ (hy) (bantarkyal)
Asturian: presu m, prisioneru m
Azerbaijani: məhbus (az), əsir (az)
Belarusian: вя́зень m (vjázjenʹ), зняво́лены m (znjavóljeny), арышта́нт m (aryštánt), арышта́нтка f (aryštántka)
Bengali: বন্দী (bn) (bondi), জিন্দানবাসী (zindanbaśī)
Breton: prizoniad (br) m
Bulgarian: затво́рник (bg) m (zatvórnik), затво́рничка f (zatvórnička), затво́рница f (zatvórnica)
Burmese: ထောင်သား (my) (htaungsa:)
Catalan: pres (ca) m, presoner (ca) m
Cebuano: bilanggo
Chinese:
Mandarin: 囚犯 (zh) (qiúfàn)
Czech: vězeň (cs) m, vězeňkyně f
Danish: fange (da) c
Dutch: gevangene (nl) m or f
Egyptian: (ḫnr)
Esperanto: malliberulo, kaptito, prizonulo
Estonian: vang (et), karistatu
Faroese: fangi m
Finnish: vanki (fi)
French: prisonnier (fr) m, prisonnière (fr) f
Galician: preso (gl) m, prisioneiro (gl) m
Georgian: პატიმარი (ṗaṭimari), ტუსაღი (ṭusaɣi)
German: Gefangener (de) m, Gefangene (de) f, Häftling (de) m, Strafgefangener (de) m, Gefängnisinsasse (de) m
Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌾𐌰 m (bandja)
Greek: κρατούμενος (el) m (kratoúmenos), φυλακισμένος (el) m (fylakisménos)
Ancient: δεσμώτης m (desmṓtēs)
Hebrew: אָסִיר (he) m (asír), אֲסִירָה f (asirá)
Hiligaynon: bilanggo
Hindi: बंदी (hi) m (bandī), क़ैदी m (qaidī), बद्धक (hi) m (baddhak)
Hungarian: rab (hu), fogoly (hu)
Icelandic: fangi (is) m, bandingi (is) m
Ilocano: balud
Indonesian: tahanan (id)
Irish: cime m, príosúnach m
Italian: prigioniero (it) m, prigioniera (it) f
Japanese: 囚人 (ja) (しゅうじん, shūjin), 捕虜 (ja) (ほりょ, horyo) (prisoner of war)
Jarai: mơnă
Kazakh: қамалған (qamalğan), қамалушы (qamaluşy), қорытылған (qorytylğan), тұтқын (kk) (tūtqyn)
Khmer: អ្នកទោស (nĕək tooh), មនុស្សទោស (mɔnuh tooh), ឈ្លើយ (km) (chləəy)
Korean: 죄수(罪囚) (ko) (joesu), 죄인(罪人) (ko) (joein), 수감자(收監者) (ko) (sugamja), 재소자(在所者) (ko) (jaesoja), 기결수(旣決囚) (ko) (gigyeolsu)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: girtî (ku), zindanî (ku), êsîr (ku), dîl (ku), bendî (ku)
Kyrgyz: камалуучу (kamaluucu), туткун (ky) (tutkun)
Lao: ນັກໂທດ (nak thōt), ຊະເລີຍ (sa lœ̄i)
Latin: captus (la) m
Latvian: ieslodzītais m, cietumnieks m, gūsteknis m
Lithuanian: kalinys m
Luxembourgish: Prisonnéier m, Gefaangenen m
Macedonian: затвореник m (zatvorenik), затвореничка f (zatvorenička), затвореница f (zatvorenica)
Malay: banduan (ms)
Malayalam: തടവുപുള്ളി (taṭavupuḷḷi), തടവുകാരൻ m (taṭavukāraṉ)
Maltese: priġunier m, maqbud m
Maori: herehere
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: хоригдол (mn) (xorigdol), хоригдогч (mn) (xorigdogč)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: fange (no) m
Occitan: presonièr (oc) m
Old English: rǣpling m
Old Norse: bandingi m
Ottoman Turkish: اسیر (esir)
Pashto: بندي (ps) m (bandí), اسير (ps) m (asír)
Persian: زندانی (fa) (zendâni), بندی (fa) (bandi), اسیر (fa) (asir), محبوس (fa) (mahbus)
Plautdietsch: Jefangna m
Polish: więzień (pl) m, więźniarka (pl) f
Portuguese: prisioneiro (pt) m, preso (pt) m
Romanian: pușcăriaș (ro) m, prizonier (ro) m
Russian: заключённый (ru) m (zaključónnyj), заключённая (ru) m (zaključónnaja), ареста́нт (ru) m (arestánt), ареста́нтка (ru) f (arestántka)
Sanskrit: see Thesaurus:बन्दिन्
Scottish Gaelic: prìosanach m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: затворѐнӣк m, затворѐница f, ка̏жњенӣк m, заробљѐнӣк m, заробљѐница f
Roman: zatvorènīk (sh) m, zatvorènica (sh) f, kȁžnjenīk (sh) m, zarobljènīk (sh) m, zarobljènica (sh) f
Slovak: väzeň m, väzeňkyňa f
Slovene: zapornik (sl) m, zapornica f, jetnik m, jetnica f
Spanish: prisionero (es) m, preso (es) m
Swahili: mahabusu (sw), mfungwa (sw)
Swedish: fånge (sv) c, fängelsekund c, intern (sv) c
Tagalog: bilanggo (tl), kalabos
Tajik: маҳбус (mahbus), зиндони (zindon-i), асир (tg) (asir)
Tamil: கைதி (ta) (kaiti)
Telugu: ఖైదీ (te) (khaidī)
Thai: นักโทษ (th) (nák-tôot), เชลย (th) (chá-ləəi)
Tibetan: བཙོན་པ (btson pa)
Turkish: mahkum (tr), mahpus (tr), esir (tr)
Turkmen: tussag, ýesir
Tuvan: кара-бажыңнаттырган (kara-bajıñnattırgan)
Ukrainian: в'я́зень (uk) m (vʺjázenʹ), арешта́нт (uk) m (areštánt), арешта́нтка (uk) f (areštántka)
Urdu: قیدی m (qaidī), بندی m (bandī)
Uzbek: mahbus (uz), bandi (uz), asir (uz), mahkum (uz)
Vietnamese: tù nhân (vi)
Volapük: (♂♀) fanäböpäb, (♂) hifanäböpäb, (♀) jifanäböpäb, fanäb (vo)
Yiddish: אַרעסטאַנט m (arestant) :
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Anagrams

* Perrinos, erpornis

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Form prisounen +‎ -er.

#### Noun

prisoner (plural prisoners)
* one who imprisons (others); a jailer

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old French prisonier; equivalent to prisoun +‎ -er.

#### Alternative forms

* prisonere, prysonere, prysoner, presoner
* (Cornwall) prisner

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /prizuˈneːr/, /ˈprizunər/

#### Noun

prisoner (plural prisoners or prisoneres)
* prisoner
* captive, prisoner of war

##### Descendants

* English: prisoner