# пряник
## Russian
### Etymology

пря́(ный) (prjá(nyj)) +‎ -ник (-nik)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈprʲænʲɪk]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

пря́ник • (prjánik) m inan (genitive пря́ника, nominative plural пря́ники, genitive plural пря́ников, relational adjective пря́ничный, diminutive пря́ничек)
* gingerbread, spice cake
* (figuratively) carrot (any motivational tool; an incentive to do something)
    кнут и пря́ник ― knut i prjánik ― carrot and stick

#### Hypernyms

* конди́терское изде́лие n (kondíterskoje izdélije), мучно́е изде́лие n (mučnóje izdélije)

#### Derived terms

* пря́ничник m anim (prjáničnik)

#### Related terms

* пе́рец m (pérec)
* пря́ный (prjányj)
** пря́ность f (prjánostʹ)

#### Descendants

* → Chuvash: пӗремӗк (pĕremĕk)
* → English: pryanik
* → Estonian: präänik
* → Finnish: prenikka
* → Ingrian: prännikkä
* → Kazakh: пірәндік (pırändık)
* → Komi-Zyrian: преник (preńik)
* → Uyghur: پىرەنىك (pirenik)
* → Yakut: бирээнньик (bireennyik)

### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пряник”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
* Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “пряник”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 78
* Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “пряник”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
* Krylov, G. A. (2004) “пряник”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Victory, →ISBN
* Tsyhanenko, H. P. (1989) “пряник”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Kyiv: Radjanska shkola, →ISBN, page 340

### Further reading

* Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “пряный”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From пря́(ний) (prjá(nyj)) +‎ -ник (-nyk).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈprʲanek]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

пря́ник • (prjányk) m inan (genitive пря́ника, nominative plural пря́ники, genitive plural пря́ників, relational adjective пря́никовий or пря́ничний)
* spice cake, gingerbread
    імби́рний пря́ник ― imbýrnyj prjányk ― gingerbread
    ню́рнберзький пря́ник ― njúrnberzʹkyj prjányk ― lebkuchen (literally, “Nuremberg spice cake”)
* (figuratively) carrot (any motivational tool; an incentive to do something)
    баті́г та пря́ник (idiomatic) ― batíh ta prjányk ― carrot and stick (literally, “whip and spice cake”)

#### Derived terms

* пря́ничник m (prjányčnyk), пря́ничниця f (prjányčnycja)

#### Related terms

* пря́ний (prjányj)
* пря́нощі m pl (prjánošči)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “пряник”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “пряник”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “пряник”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “пряник”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “пряник”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
* Батіг та пряник on the Ukrainian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{uk}$
* Нюрнберзький пряник on the Ukrainian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{uk}$