# cena
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin cēna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈsɛ.nə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈse.na]
* Homophone: sena

### Noun

cena f (plural cenes)
* (Christianity, often capitalized) Ellipsis of Santa Cena; Last Supper
* (archaic) Synonym of sopar (“supper”)

### Further reading

* “cena” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “cena” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “cena”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech cěna, from Proto-Slavic *cěna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡sɛna]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛna

### Noun

cena f
* price
* prize

#### Related terms

* bezcenný
* cenný
* cenový
* cenička
* cenina
* ceník
* cenovka
* cenit
* ocenit

### Further reading

* “cena”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “cena”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “cena” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “cena”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Gallurese
### Alternative forms

* zena (Aggius)

### Etymology

Inherited from Classical Latin cēna, from Old Latin cesna, from Proto-Italic *kertsnā, from Proto-Indo-European *kért-sneh₂ (“portion”), derived from the root *(s)kert- (“to cut”), from *(s)ker-

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃɛna/

### Noun

cena f (plural ceni)
* dinner

### References

* 1 2 Mauro Maxia (2012) Fonetica storica del gallurese e delle altre varietà sardocorse (in Sassarese), Editrice Taphros, →ISBN

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃe.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ena
* Hyphenation: cé‧na

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin cēna, from Proto-Italic *kertsnā, from Proto-Indo-European *kért-s-nh₂ (“portion”), from *ker-, *sker-. Compare Spanish cena and Portuguese ceia.

#### Noun

cena f (plural cene)
* dinner (evening meal)

##### Derived terms

* cenare
* cenata
* cenerella
* cenetta
* cenettina
* cenina
* cenino
* cenona
* cenone
* cenuccia
* L'Ultima Cena

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

cena
* inflection of cenare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### See also

* colazione
* pranzo

### Anagrams

* acne, cane

## Kashubian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡sɛ.na/
* Rhymes: -ɛna
* Syllabification: ce‧na

### Noun

cena f
* price (cost required to gain possession of something)
    Synonym: priz
* value (meaning of something)

#### Derived terms

* cennik
* cenic impf

### Further reading

* Stefan Ramułt (1893) “cena”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 16
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “cena”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “cena”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* coena, cœna

### Etymology

From Old Latin cesna, from Proto-Italic *kertsnā (compare Umbrian śesna, Oscan kersnu), from Proto-Indo-European *kért-sneh₂ (“portion”), from root *(s)kert- (“to cut”), from *(s)ker- (compare Lithuanian kérti, Armenian քերթել (kʻertʻel, “to skin”), Sanskrit कृन्तति (kṛntáti, “he cuts (in pieces)”)). Related to cortex, scortum.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈkeː.na/, [ˈkeːnä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃe.na/, [ˈt͡ʃɛːnä]

### Noun

cēna f (genitive cēnae); first declension
* dinner, supper, principal meal (anciently taken at noon, afterwards later)
* (Medieval Latin, law, historical) gwestva (a duty levied by Welsh kings twice a year upon the free men of their kingdom)

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* antecēnium
* cēnāculum
* cēnāticus
* cēnō
* cēnula
* concēna
* domicēnium

#### Related terms

* cēnācellum
* cēnāculāria
* cēnāculārium
* cēnāculārius
* cēnāculātus
* cēnāssō
* cēnāticum
* cēnātiō
* cēnātiuncula
* cēnātor
* cēnātōria
* cēnātōrium
* cēnātōrius
* cēnāturiō
* cēnātus
* cēnitō
* concēnātiō
* incēnātus
* incēnō
* percēnō
* succēnō

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: tsinã
** Romanian: cină
* Dalmatian:
** caina
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: cena
*** → Sicilian: cena
** Neapolitan: cena
* Padanian:
** Friulian: cene
** Ligurian: çenn-a
** Lombard: sèna, zèna, scèna, sina
** Piedmontese: sin-a, sen-a, sèina, sna
** Romansch: tschaina
** Venetan: sena, çéna, ẑena
* Northern Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: céna (dialectal)
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** >? Aragonese: cena
* Ibero-Romance:
** Old Galician-Portuguese: cẽa, cea
*** Galician: cea
*** Portuguese: ceia
** Spanish: cena
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: chena (Logudorese), cena (Campidanese)

##### Borrowings

* → Catalan: cena
* → French: cène, Cène
* → Occitan: cena
* → Proto-Brythonic: *kinjọ
** Breton: koan
** Cornish: koen
** Welsh: cinio

### Verb

cēnā
* second-person singular present active imperative of cēnō

### References

* “cena”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “cena”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "cena", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* cena in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. the main dish: caput cenae (Fin. 2. 8. 25) to invite some one to dinner: aliquem vocare, invitare ad cenam to accept an invitiation to dinner: promittere (ad cenam) (Off. 3. 14. 58) during dinner; at table: inter cenam, inter epulas to invite oneself to some one's house for dinner: condicere alicui (ad cenam) to welcome some one to one's table: adhibere aliquem cenae or ad cenam, convivio or in convivium to set a repast before a person: cenam alicui apponere
* “cena”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “cena”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 106

## Latvian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Slavic *cěna.

### Noun

cena f (4th declension)
* price

#### Declension
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃeː.nɑ/

### Noun

ċēna
* genitive plural of ċēn

## Old Polish
### Alternative forms

* cana

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna. The shift from cana to cena was a generalization of forms such as w cenie, cenić, etc. First attested in the 15th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /t͡sɛːna/
* IPA: (15th CE) /t͡sena/

### Noun

cena f
* (attested in Greater Poland) price, value
** 1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎, volume XXIV, Grochów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kcynia, page 64:Sine omni taxa czany[Sine omni taxa cany]

#### Derived terms

* cenić impf

#### Descendants

* Polish: cena
* Silesian: cena

### References

* Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “cena”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
* Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “cena”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
* Mańczak, Witold (2017) “cena”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
* Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “cena”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “cena”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

## Old Slovak
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna. First attested in 1473.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

cena f
* price (cost required to gain possession of something)
* value (meaning of something)

#### Descendants

* Slovak: cena

### References

* Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “cena”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* czyna (Middle Polish)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡sɛ.na/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈt͡se.na/
* (Greater Poland):
** (Central Greater Poland) IPA: /ˈt͡sɛ.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛna
* Syllabification: ce‧na

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish cena.

#### Noun

cena f
* price (cost required to gain possession of something)
* value (meaning of something)
    Synonym: wartość
* (Middle Polish, mathematics) value; size (size of a number; property of measurability)
    Synonym: wielkość

##### Derived terms

* cenny
* cenowy
* za cenę krwi
* za pół ceny
* za wszelką cenę
* za żadną cenę
* cena fabryczna
* cenić impf
* być w cenie impf
* nie mieć ceny impf
* zapłacić cenę pf, płacić cenę impf

##### Related terms

* bezcenny
* drogocenny
* bezcennie
* za bezcen
* bezcenność
* cennik
* ocena
* przecena
* wycena

#### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), cena is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 15 times in scientific texts, 25 times in news, 58 times in essays, 4 times in fiction, and 12 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 114 times, making it the 531st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### Etymology 2

See cyna.

#### Noun

cena f
* (Central Greater Poland, Oborniki) Alternative form of cyna

### References

* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “cena”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 42

### Further reading

* cena in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* cena in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “1. cena”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* Krystyna Siekierska (30.01.2019) “CENA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “cena”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “cena”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “cena”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 262
* cena in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* scena (pre-reform)

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin scaena.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈsẽ.nɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈsẽ.nɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈse.na/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈse.nɐ/
* Rhymes: -enɐ, (Brazil) -ẽnɐ
* Homophones: sena, Sena
* Hyphenation: ce‧na

### Noun

cena f (plural cenas)
* scene (location of an event that attracts attention)
* (theater, film, television, radio) scene (part of a dramatic work)
* (theater) stage
    Synonym: palco
    em cena ― on stage
* scene (combination of objects or events in view or happening at a given moment at a particular place)
** 2008 [1976], Sonia Coutinho, “Essas tardes de maio”, in Uma certa felicidade, 3rd edition, Rio de Janeiro: 7Letras, →ISBN, page 70:Sim, o tempo passando desfoca devagar as lentes da memória, embala-nos pouco a pouco, ao sabor dos incidentes cotidianos, deixo a firma, arranjo outro emprego e outro(s) homem(ns), as cenas antigas vão perdendo seu brilho, mas ainda lembro Rodrigo.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (informal) scene (vague group of people with a uniting interest)
** 2018 December 17, Claudia Beatriz Iaragnoit Villela, “Os 20 anos da Pulsação”, Claudia Bia, in O Município‎, Brusque, archived from the original on 2024-11-15:Mais uma comemoração de ano redondo marcando este 2018. Desta vez, são os 20 anos da banda Pulsação, aquela que, alguns anos depois, preencheu o espaço vazio deixado pela cena do rock dos anos 80 de Brusque […]Another comemoration with a round-number year has marked 2018. This time, it's the 20 years of the Pulsação band, the one that, some years later, filled the empty space left by 80's rock scene in Brusque.
* (Portugal, informal) thing
    Synonyms: coisa, (Brazil) negócio

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:cena.

#### Related terms

* cena de amor
* cena do crime
* cenário
* cênico
* cenografia
* roubar a cena

## Sassarese
### Pronunciation

* (Castelsardo) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃɛna/

### Noun

cena f (plural ceni)
* (dialectal) Alternative form of zena (“dinner”)

### References

* ↑ Mauro Maxia (2012) Fonetica storica del gallurese e delle altre varietà sardocorse (in Sassarese), Editrice Taphros, →ISBN

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* cijéna (Ijekavian)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sěːna/
* Hyphenation: ce‧na

### Noun

céna f (Cyrillic spelling це́на)
* price
* value, worth

#### Derived terms

* cijeniti/ceniti

## Silesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish cena.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡sɛ.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛna
* Syllabification: ce‧na

### Noun

cena f
* price (cost required to gain possession of something)
** 2018, Waldemar Szymczyk, editor, 9292‎, →ISBN, archived from the original on 12 November 2022, page 22:Na fejsbuku to wy mi ceny jajec abo masła niy łobniżycie.You all won't lower the price of eggs or butter for me on Facebook.

## Slovak
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak cena, from Proto-Slavic *cěna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡sena]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

cena f (relational adjective cenový)
* price
* value (meaning of something)
* reward, prize
* (sports) trophy; competition

#### Derived terms

* cenov
* cenove
* cenovo

### Further reading

* “cena”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sèːna/

### Noun

cẹ́na f
* price (cost required to gain possession of something)

#### Inflection
### Further reading

* “cena”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
* “cena”, in Termania, Amebis
* See also the general references

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /ˈθena/ [ˈθe.na]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈsena/ [ˈse.na]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ena
* Syllabification: ce‧na

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin cēna, from Proto-Italic *kertsnā, from Proto-Indo-European *kért-s-nh₂ (“portion”), from *ker-, *sker-.

#### Noun

cena f (plural cenas)
* supper, dinner

##### Derived terms

* última cena

##### Related terms

* cenar

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

cena
* inflection of cenar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “cena”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10