# पद्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* পদ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬧᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
* পদ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰢𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀧𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ပဒ် (Burmese script)
* પદ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਪਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌪𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦥꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂣𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಪದ್ (Kannada script)
* បទ៑ (Khmer script)
* ປທ຺ (Lao script)
* പദ് (Malayalam script)
* ᢒᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
* 𑘢𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᢒᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧂𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐥𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
* ପଦ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢦꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆥𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖢𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
* පද් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩰𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚞𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
* பத்³ (Tamil script)
* పద్ (Telugu script)
* ปทฺ (Thai script)
* པ་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒣𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨞𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /pɐ́d/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /pɐd̪/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pā́ts (“foot”), from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds (“foot”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬛 (pad), Hittite 𒉺𒋫 (pa-ta), Ancient Greek πούς (poús), Latin pēs, Persian پا (pâ), Old Armenian ոտն (otn), German Fuß, Old English fōt (whence English foot).

#### Noun

पद् • (pád) stem, m
* a foot
* step
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.154.5:तद॑स्य प्रि॒यम॒भि पाथो॑ अश्यां॒ नरो॒ यत्र॑ देव॒यवो॒ मद॑न्ति । उ॒रु॒क्र॒मस्य॒ स हि बन्धु॑रि॒त्था विष्णोः॑ प॒दे प॑र॒मे मध्व॒ उत्सः॑ ॥tádasya priyámabhí pā́tho aśyāṃ náro yátra devayávo mádanti. urukramásya sá hí bándhuritthā́ víṣṇoḥ padé paramé mádhva útsaḥ.Might I reach that dear cattle-pen of his, where men seeking the gods find elation, for exactly that is the bond to the wide-striding one: the wellspring of mead in the highest step of Viṣṇu.
* fourth part, quarter

##### Declension

* ¹Vedic

##### Descendants

* Magadhi Prakrit:
** Bengali: পা (pa)
** Early Assamese: পাৱ (pawo)
*** Assamese: পা (pa), পাও (paü)
** Sylheti: ꠙꠣꠅ (fao)
* Dardic:
** Kashmiri: پۆد (pod, “foot, position”)
* Hindi: पांव (pāmv)
* Marathi: पाय (pāy)
* Pali: pada, pāda
* Urdu: پاؤں (pā̃v)
* → Tamil: பாதம் (pātam)
* → Telugu: పదము (padamu)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pád-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pád (“to move, go”), from the same ultimate origin as Etymology 1, perhaps with semantic influence from the root underlying पत् (pat, “to fall”).

#### Root

पद् • (pad)
* to fall, fall down or out, perish
* to go, resort or apply to, participate in, keep, observe

##### Derived terms
###### Primary Verbal Forms

* पद्यते (pádyate, Present)
* पद्यति (padyati, Present)
* पत्स्यति (patsyáti, Future)
* पत्ता (pattā́, Periphrastic Future)
* अपत्त (ápatta, Aorist)
* पदीष्ट (padīṣṭá, Benedictive)
* पपाद (papā́da, Perfect)

###### Secondary Forms

* अपादि (ápādi, Passive Aorist)
* पादयति (pādáyati, Causative)
* अपीपदत् (ápīpadat, Causative Aorist)
* पाद्यते (pādyate, Passive of Causative)
* पित्सति (pitsati, Desiderative)
* पिपादयिषति (pipādayiṣati, Desiderative of Causative)
* पनीपद्यते (panīpadyate, Intensive)
* पनीपदीति (panīpadīti, Intensive)

###### Non-Finite Forms

* पन्न (panná, Past Participle)
* पत्तुम् (páttum, Infinitive)
* पत्तवे (páttave, Infinitive)
* पत्तोस् (páttos, Infinitive)
* पदस् (pádas, Infinitive)
* पद्य (pádya, Gerund)
* पादम् (pā́dam, Gerund)
* पत्तव्य (pattavya, Gerundive)
* पाद्य (pādya, Gerundive)
* पित्सु (pitsu, Desiderative Participle)

###### Derived Nominal Forms

* पत्ति (pattí)
* पद् (pád)
* पद (padá)
* पाद (pādá)
* पादिन् (pādin)

###### Prefixed Root Forms

* अतिपद् (atipad)
* अनुपद् (anupad)
* अपपद् (apapad)
* अपिपद् (apipad)
* अभिपद् (abhipad)
* अवपद् (avapad)
* आपद् (āpad)
* उत्पद् (utpad)
* उपपद् (upapad)
* निपद् (nipad)
* निष्पद् (niṣpad)
* प्रतिपद् (pratipad)
* प्रपद् (prapad)
* विपद् (vipad)
* सम्पद् (sampad)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “पद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 582/3, 583/1.
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 94
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 77-8
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 76-7
* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 287-8