# 押

| 押 | U+62BC, &#25276; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62BC |
| ← 抻 [U+62BB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 抽 → [U+62BD] |

## Translingual
### Han character

押 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手田中 (QWL), four-corner 5605$_0$, composition ⿰扌甲)

#### Derived characters

* 𠶟

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 424, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11929
* Dae Jaweon: page 772, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1851, character 8
* Unihan data for U+62BC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 笚 | *ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb |
| 閘 | *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb |
| 鉀 | *klaːb, *kraːb |
| 甲 | *kraːb |
| 胛 | *kraːb |
| 岬 | *kraːb |
| 押 | *kraːb, *qraːb |
| 玾 | *kraːb |
| 呷 | *qʰraːb |
| 匣 | *ɡraːb |
| 狎 | *ɡraːb |
| 柙 | *ɡraːb |
| 翈 | *ɡraːb |
| 炠 | *ɡraːb |
| 鴨 | *qraːb |
| 庘 | *qraːb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kraːb, *qraːb): semantic 扌 + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb).

### Etymology

Cognate with 壓 (OC *qreːb) (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yā (ya$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄚ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): aat$^3$ / aap$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): at$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ap
    (Hailu, HRS): ab
* Eastern Min (BUC): ák
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): or$^5$ / ah$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ah / ap
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ah$^4$ / ab$^4$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$aq; $^7$khaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yā
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ya
*** Wade–Giles: ya$^1$
*** Yale: yā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ia
*** Palladius: я (ja)
*** Sinological IPA : /jä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: aat$^3$ / aap$^3$
*** Yale: aat / aap
*** Cantonese Pinyin: aat$^8$ / aap$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ad$^3$ / ab$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /aːt̚³/, /aːp̚³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: at$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /at̚³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ap
*** Hakka Romanization System: ab$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ab$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ap̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ab
*** Sinological IPA: /ap⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ák
*** Sinological IPA : /ɑʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: or$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɒ²¹/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ah$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /aʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ah$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /aʔ²/
* or5 - vernacular;
* ah6 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: 'aep, kaep
Rime :
| Character | 押 | 押 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 狎 (150) | 狎 (150) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II |
| Fanqie | 烏甲切 | 古狎切 |
| Baxter | 'aep | kaep |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔˠap̚/ | /kˠap̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔᵚap̚/ | /kᵚap̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔap̚/ | /kap̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔaɨp̚/ | /kaɨp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔap̚/ | /kap̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ap̚/ | /kap̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔap̚/ | /kap̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ya | jia |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | aap$^3$ | gaap$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤrep/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kraːb/, /*qraːb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 押 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yā |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔæp › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔˁrep/ |
| English | to seal, stamp |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 押 | 押 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5934 | 5945 |
| Phonetic component | 甲 | 甲 |
| Rime group | 盍 | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甲 | 鴨 |
| Old Chinese | /*kraːb/ | /*qraːb/ |

### Definitions

押
* (finance) to mortgage; to pledge; to pawn
* to arrest; to detain; to guard; to take into custody
* to send under escort; to accompany
* signature; seal; mark
* to sign; to seal; to mark (a document, contract, etc.)
* to take charge of; to control
* to stake; to bet
* to rhyme
* (Hokkien) to force; to compel; to coerce
* a surname, Ya
* Alternative form of 壓 / 压

#### Synonyms

* (to mortgage): 抵押 (dǐyā)
* (to arrest):
* 扣 (kòu)
* 扣押 (kòuyā)
* 扣留 (kòuliú)
* 拘留 (jūliú)
* 拘禁 (jūjìn)
* 收押 (shōuyā)
* 看押 (kānyā)
* 羈押 / 羁押 (jīyā) (formal)
* (to rhyme):
* 合轍 / 合辙 (hézhé)
* 壓韻 / 压韵 (yāyùn)
* 押韻 / 押韵 (yāyùn)
* 格聯兒 / 格联儿 (Luoyang)
* (to force):
* 劫 (jié) (literary, or in compounds)
* 勒
* 勒逼 (lèbī)
* 強制 / 强制 (qiángzhì)
* 強迫 / 强迫
* 強逼 / 强逼 (qiǎngbī)
* 緊逼 / 紧逼 (jǐnbī)
* 脅迫 / 胁迫 (xiépò)
* 迫
* 迫使 (pòshǐ)
* 逼
* 逼迫 (bīpò)

### Compounds

* 假扣押 (jiǎ kòuyā)
* 僉押 / 佥押
* 典押 (diǎnyā)
* 判押
* 十字花押
* 合轍押韻 / 合辙押韵
* 在押 (zàiyā)
* 套畫押字 / 套画押字
* 寄押
* 封押
* 扣押 (kòuyā)
* 押付
* 押入
* 押匯 / 押汇
* 押司
* 押字
* 押孤丁
* 押寨夫人
* 押寶 / 押宝 (yābǎo)
* 押尾
* 押差
* 押帳 / 押帐
* 押床
* 押店
* 押座文
* 拘押 (jūyā)
* 抵押 (dǐyā)
* 抵押品 (dǐyāpǐn)
* 抵押放款
* 抵押權 / 抵押权
* 押放
* 押榜
* 押櫃 / 押柜
* 押款 (yākuǎn)
* 押注 (yāzhù)
* 押牙
* 押牢
* 押番
* 押當 / 押当
* 押票
* 押租 (yāzū)
* 押船
* 押花
* 押衙
* 押解 (yājiè)
* 押赴 (yāfù)
* 押車 / 押车
* 押送 (yāsòng)
* 押運 / 押运 (yāyùn)
* 押金 (yājīn)
* 押鋪 / 押铺
* 押隊 / 押队
* 押韻 / 押韵 (yāyùn)
* 押頭 / 押头 (yātou)
* 收押 (shōuyā)
* 畫押 / 画押 (huàyā)
* 監押 / 监押 (jiānyā)
* 看押 (kānyā)
* 管押
* 簽押房 / 签押房
* 籤押 / 签押
* 紅字黑押 / 红字黑押
* 結押 / 结押
* 羈押 / 羁押 (jīyā)
* 花押 (huāyā)
* 花押印
* 質押 / 质押 (zhìyā)
* 轄押 / 辖押
* 還押 / 还押 (huányā)
* 關押 / 关押 (guānyā)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* push

#### Readings

* Go-on: きょう (kyō)、よう (yō)
* Kan-on: おう (ō, Jōyō)、こう (kō)
* Kun: おす (osu, 押す, Jōyō)、おさえる (osaeru, 押さえる, Jōyō)、おし (oshi, 押)

#### Compounds

* 押(おっ)忍(す), 押(お)っ忍(す) (ossu)
* 押(おう)収(しゅう) (ōshū)

#### Antonyms

* 引 (“pull”)
* Kanji in this term
* 押
* おう Grade: S
* on'yomi

### Affix

押(おう) • (ō)
* to push; to press

## Korean
### Hanja

押 • (ap, gap) (hangeul 압, 갑, revised ap, gap, McCune–Reischauer ap, kap, Yale ap, kap)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Kunigami
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* Kun: ふすん (fusun, 押ん)

## Miyako
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* Kun: うす (usu, 押す)

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: うすん (usun, 押すん)

## Tày
### Noun

押 (cáp)
* Nôm form of cáp (“intersection”).
    伩跒沃垱押我𠀧Dò kha oóc tàng cáp ngạ baLift one's legs and venture to where roads meet

### Verb

押 (áp; cáp)
* Nôm form of áp (“to force, to pressure”).
    篤押夸及娘𱽗免Đốc áp khoả cắp nàng rầư mếnForce boys and girls to love each other
* Nôm form of cáp (“to befriend”).
    𱐍略本押伴略𫶾Dú lược bản, cáp bạn lược cầnIf you want to live, choose a place; if you want to make friends, choose people

### References

* Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

## Vietnamese
### Han character

押: Hán Nôm readings: áp, ắp, ép, ẹp, ét, ếp, ghép, giẹp, ốp, ướp
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Yaeyama
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* Kun: うすん (usun, 押すん)