# pacht
## English
### Noun

pacht (plural pachts)
* (historical) A system of tax farming in the Dutch Republic, where tax was not collected by the government, but by a private individual who had leased the right to collect the tax.

## Czech
### Etymology

Derived from German Pacht.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpaxt]
* Hyphenation: pacht

### Noun

pacht m inan
* tenure, tenancy, lease
* rent

#### Derived terms

* pachtit
* pachtovat
* pachtýř

### Further reading

* “pacht”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “pacht”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɑxt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pacht
* Rhymes: -ɑxt

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch pacht, Old Dutch *paht, from Proto-West Germanic [Term?], from Latin pactum. Cognates include Old High German pfāht, Old Frisian pacht; the effects of the Germanic spirant law in these words and the effects of the High German consonant shift in the High German cognate in particular point to a very early borrowing. Doublet of pact and patio.

#### Noun

pacht f (plural pachten, diminutive pachtje n)
* lease (in particular of land and immovable goods)
    Synonym: lease

##### Derived terms

* de wijsheid in pacht hebben
* erfpacht
* pachten
* pachter
* pachtgeld
* pachtgrond
* pachtheer
* pachthoeve
* pachthuis
* pachtsom

##### Descendants

* → Indonesian: pak (“lease right”)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

pacht
* inflection of pachten:
** first/second/third-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Kashubian
### Alternative forms

* pachta (obsolete)

### Etymology

Borrowed from German Pacht. Compare Polish pacht and Slovincian pacht.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaxt/
* Rhymes: -axt
* Syllabification: pacht

### Noun

pacht m inan
* lease

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “dzierżawa”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “dzierżawa”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “pacht”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Old Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German pfaht. First attested in 1425. Doublet of pakt.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /paxt/
* IPA: (15th CE) /paxt/

### Noun

pacht m animacy unattested
* (attested in Greater Poland) lease fee
** 1877-1999 [1425], Franciszek Piekosiński, Antoni Gąsiorowski, Henryk Kowalewicz, Ryszard Walczak, Tomasz Jasiński, Izabela Skierska, editors, Kodeks dyplomatyczny Wielkopolski. Codex diplomaticus Maioris Poloniae [Diplomatic Code of Greater Poland], volume XI, Greater Poland, page 228:Dedimus etiam praefato... quinquaginta arbores pro refformatione mellicaparum et libere... possidere, sed si praedictus scultetus... plures arbores refformaverit quam quinquaginta..., extunc dare debent dationem al. pacht ad curiam secundum consuetudinem ipsorum laborantium al. barthodzieiew[Dedimus etiam praefato... quinquaginta arbores pro refformatione mellicaparum et libere... possidere, sed si praedictus scultetus... plures arbores refformaverit quam quinquaginta..., extunc dare debent dationem al. pacht ad curiam secundum consuetudinem ipsorum laborantium al. bartodziejew]

#### Descendants

* Polish: pacht
* Silesian: pacht

### References

* ↑ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “pacht”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
* ↑ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “pacht”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* ↑ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “pacht”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
   * B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “pacht”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* pachta (regional)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish pacht. Doublet of pakt. Compare Kashubian pacht and Slovincian pacht.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaxt/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈpaxt/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -axt
* Syllabification: pacht

### Noun

pacht m inan (related adjective pachtowy)
* (archaic except in set phrases) Synonym of dzierżawa
* (obsolete) lease (that what a leaser gains from a lease)
* (obsolete) lease (payment for a lease)
* (obsolete) place or room set aside for a leaser

#### Declension
### Noun

pacht m pers
* (obsolete) Synonym of dzierżawca

#### Derived terms

* pachciarz
* pachtować impf
* oddać w pacht pf, oddawać w pacht impf
* wziąć w pacht pf, brać w pacht impf

#### Related terms

* pachciarski

### Further reading

* pacht in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “pacht”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* “PACHT”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], (Can we date this quote?)
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “pacht”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “pacht”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “pacht”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 4

## Silesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish pacht.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaxt/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -axt
* Syllabification: pacht

### Noun

pacht m inan
* lease
    Synonyms: harynda, nŏjym

### Further reading

* Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “pacht”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 464
* Eugeniusz Kosmała (2023) “dzierżawa”, in Dykcjōnôrz Polsko-Ślonskiy (in Silesian), section D, page 132

## Slovincian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Pacht. Compare Kashubian pacht and Polish pacht.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaxt/
* Rhymes: -axt
* Syllabification: pacht

### Noun

pacht m inan (related adjective pachtôwy)
* lease

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1912) “pãχt”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 2, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 740