# квас
## Belarusian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian квасъ (kvas), from Old East Slavic квасъ (kvasŭ), from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kvas]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

квас • (kvas) m inan (genitive ква́са, nominative plural ква́сы, genitive plural ква́саў)
* kvass (a type of fermented no- or low-alcohol beverage, made from bread, often flavored with fruit)

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### References

* “квас” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* "квас" in Belarusian-Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at Verbum

## Bulgarian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *kvasъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kvas]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

квас • (kvas) m
* yeast
* kvass (a type of fermented no- or low-alcohol beverage, made from bread, often flavored with fruit)

#### Declension
### References

* “квас”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “квас”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kvas]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

квас • (kvas) m
* yeast
    Synonym: квасец m (kvasec)

#### Derived terms

* квасен (kvasen)
* кваси (kvasi)

### References

* “квас” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* квасъ (kvas) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic квасъ (kvasŭ), from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ (“leaven, fermented drink”).
Cognate with Latin cāseus whence English cheese, and Sanskrit क्वथ् (kvath, “to boil”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kvas]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -as

### Noun

квас • (kvas) m inan (genitive ква́са, nominative plural квасы́, genitive plural квасо́в, relational adjective квасно́й, diminutive квасо́к)
* kvass (a type of fermented no- or low-alcohol beverage, made from bread, often flavored with fruit)
** 1790, Александр Радищев [Alexander Radishchev], “Подберезье”, in Путешествие из Петербурга в Москву; English translation from Leo Wiener, transl., A Journey From St. Petersburg to Moscow, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1958:Приве́тливый вид, взгляд неро́бкий, ве́жливая оса́нка, каза́лось, некста́ти бы́ли к дли́нному полукафта́нью и к прима́занным ква́сом волоса́м.Privétlivyj vid, vzgljad neróbkij, véžlivaja osánka, kazálosʹ, nekstáti býli k dlínnomu polukaftánʹju i k primázannym kvásom volosám.His friendly appearance, frank expression, and polite manner seemed out of keeping with his long coat and hair slicked down with kvas.
** 1833, Александр Пушкин [Alexander Pushkin], “Глава 2. XXXV”, in Евгений Онегин; English translation from Stanley Mitchell, transl., Eugene Onegin, London: Penguin Books, 2008:Им квас как во́здух был потре́бен, И за столо́м у них гостя́м Носи́ли блю́да по чина́м.Im kvas kak vózdux byl potrében, I za stolóm u nix gostjám Nosíli bljúda po činám.They needed kvas like air for living; And at their table guests were served With dishes, as their rank deserved.
** 1939, “Хлебный квас”, in Книга о вкусной и здоровой пище, Москва, Ленинград: Пищепромиздат; English translation from The Book of Tasty and Healthy Food, (Please provide a date or year):Хоро́ший квас для окро́шки мо́жно пригото́вить из сухо́го ква́са, кото́рый выраба́тывают пивова́ренные заво́ды.Xoróšij kvas dlja okróški móžno prigotóvitʹ iz suxóvo kvása, kotóryj vyrabátyvajut pivovárennyje zavódy.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* ква́сить (kvásitʹ), заква́сить (zakvásitʹ)
* квасно́й (kvasnój)

#### Related terms

* ки́слый (kíslyj)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: կվաս (kvas)
* → Chinese: 格瓦斯 (géwǎsī), 卡瓦斯 (kǎwǎsī)
* → English: kvass
* → German: Kwass
* → Japanese: クワス (kuwasu)
* → Korean: 크바스 (keubaseu)
* → Norwegian Bokmål: kvass
* → Romanian: cvas
* → Norwegian Nynorsk: kvass
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ква̑с
    Latin script: kvȃs
* → Yakut: кыбаас (kıbaas)
* → Uyghur: كۇۋاس (kuwas)

### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “квас”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
* Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “квас”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 391

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʋâːs/

#### Noun

ква̑с m (Latin spelling kvȃs)
* (archaic) Alternative form of ква́сац (“yeast”)

##### Declension
#### Further reading

* “квас”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Russian квас (kvas).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʋâːs/

#### Noun

ква̑с m (Latin spelling kvȃs)
* kvass

##### Declension
#### Further reading

* “квас”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian квасъ (kvas), from Old East Slavic квасъ (kvasŭ), from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ (“leaven, fermented drink”).
Cognate with Latin cāseus whence English cheese, and Sanskrit क्वथ् (kvath, “to boil”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʋas]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

квас • (kvas) m inan (genitive ква́са, nominative plural кваси́, genitive plural квасі́в, relational adjective квасни́й, diminutive квасо́к)
* kvass (a type of fermented no- or low-alcohol beverage, made from bread, often flavored with fruit)
    Synonym: сиріве́ць (syrivécʹ)
* leaven
    Synonyms: заквас (zakvas), закваска (zakvaska), квасок (kvasok)
* (chemistry) acid
    Synonym: кислота (kyslota)

#### Derived terms

* ква́сити (kvásyty), заква́сити (zakvásyty)

#### Related terms

* ки́слий (kýslyj)