# Muhammad
## English

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### Etymology

Transliteration of Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad, “praised, commendable, laudable”), the passive participle of حَمَّدَ (ḥammada, “to praise, commend, laud, extol”). From the same triconsonantal root ح م د (ḥ m d) as, but distinct from, Mahmud.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mʊˈhɑməd/, /mʊˈhæməd/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Proper noun

Muhammad (plural Muhammads)
* (Islam, uncountable) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.
    Shias believe that Ali succeeded the prophet Muhammad as leader of the Ummah.
* (Islam, uncountable) The 47th sura (chapter) of the Qur'an.
* (countable) A male given name from Arabic very popular among Muslims.

#### Alternative forms

* Mahomet was the predominant form until the late 1700s. Mohammed was the predominant form from then until the 1940s, when it was overtaken by Muhammad, which has been predominant ever since. Other forms which are now quite common are Mohammad, Mohamed, and Muhammed, which all came into common use after the 1820s.
* (fairly common today:) Mahomed, Mahommed, Mehemet, Mohamad
* (fairly common historically but uncommon today:) Muhamed, Muhammat, Muhamad, Mehemed, Mehemmed, Mahoma, Muhammud, Mahemet, Mehemmet
* (Ottoman/Turkish-derived:) Mehmed, Mehmet
* (uncommon and in most cases obsolete:) Mohamet, Mahamad, Mahammad, Mahamet, Mahumet, Mohammet, Mahammed, Mahamed, Mahommet, Mahomad, Machomet, Mahommad, Muhammet, Mahomat, Muhamet, Muhamat, Maomet, Mohamat
* (rare and in most cases obsolete:) Mahamat, Mahamid, Mohamud, Mohammud, Mahomett, Mohamid, Mohammid, Muhamud, Muhammid, Mahammet, Muhamid, Magomet, Mohemet, Mehammed, Mohemmed, Mehamet, Mohemed, Mahemed; Mouhammad, Mouhamed, Mouhamad, Muhmmed, Mohamod, Mohammod, Muhmad, Muhmmad, Muhimmad, Mohmad, Mohmmad, Mohmmed, Mohmed
* (very rare and in most cases obsolete:) Machoumet, Mahamath, Mahamett, Mahamit, Mahammat, Mahammid, Mahemett, Mahemmed, Mahemmet, Mahometh, Mahommat, Mahommett, Mahoumed, Mahoumet, Mahumett, Mehamid, Mehammad, Mehemett, Moammed, Moehammad, Mohamit, Mohammat, Mohamut, Mohemmet, Mohomet, Mouhamet, Mouhammed, Muammed, Muhamut, Muhemmad, Mathomus
* (rare, derived from modern scholarly transliterations of Arabic:) Muħammad, Muḥammad
* (Chechen-derived, via Russian:) Magomed, Magomet
* (Chinese-Muslim, via Chinese:) Ma, Mah, Mar, Mo ／ 馬
* (Berber variant, common among Kabyles:) Mohand

#### Synonyms

* Seal of the Prophets, al-Amin, Abu Qasim

#### Derived terms

* if the mountain won't come to Muhammad
* Mohammedan, Mohammedanism (now offensive)
* Mohammedism, Mohammedist (rare, offensive)

#### Related terms

* Mahmud/Mahmoud
* mammet; mammetry
* Baphomet (probably)
* Mahound

#### Translations
## Finnish
### Alternative forms

* Muhammed

### Etymology

From Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmuhɑmːɑd/, [ˈmuɦɑ̝mːɑ̝d]
* Rhymes: -uhɑmːɑd
* Hyphenation: Mu‧ham‧mad

### Proper noun

Muhammad
* Muhammad (prophet of Islam)

#### Usage notes

Language purists prefer the spelling "Muhammad", but "Muhammed" is the traditional and more popular transliteration into Finnish.

#### Declension

Possessive forms of Muhammad (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Muhammadini
Muhammadini
accusative
nom.
Muhammadini
Muhammadini
gen.
Muhammadini
genitive
Muhammadini
Muhammadieni
partitive
Muhammadiani
Muhammadejani
inessive
Muhammadissani
Muhammadeissani
elative
Muhammadistani
Muhammadeistani
illative
Muhammadiini
Muhammadeihini
adessive
Muhammadillani
Muhammadeillani
ablative
Muhammadiltani
Muhammadeiltani
allative
Muhammadilleni
Muhammadeilleni
essive
Muhammadinani
Muhammadeinani
translative
Muhammadikseni
Muhammadeikseni
abessive
Muhammadittani
Muhammadeittani
instructive
comitative
—Muhammadeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Muhammadisi
Muhammadisi
accusative
nom.
Muhammadisi
Muhammadisi
gen.
Muhammadisi
genitive
Muhammadisi
Muhammadiesi
partitive
Muhammadiasi
Muhammadejasi
inessive
Muhammadissasi
Muhammadeissasi
elative
Muhammadistasi
Muhammadeistasi
illative
Muhammadiisi
Muhammadeihisi
adessive
Muhammadillasi
Muhammadeillasi
ablative
Muhammadiltasi
Muhammadeiltasi
allative
Muhammadillesi
Muhammadeillesi
essive
Muhammadinasi
Muhammadeinasi
translative
Muhammadiksesi
Muhammadeiksesi
abessive
Muhammadittasi
Muhammadeittasi
instructive
comitative
—Muhammadeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Muhammadimme
Muhammadimme
accusative
nom.
Muhammadimme
Muhammadimme
gen.
Muhammadimme
genitive
Muhammadimme
Muhammadiemme
partitive
Muhammadiamme
Muhammadejamme
inessive
Muhammadissamme
Muhammadeissamme
elative
Muhammadistamme
Muhammadeistamme
illative
Muhammadiimme
Muhammadeihimme
adessive
Muhammadillamme
Muhammadeillamme
ablative
Muhammadiltamme
Muhammadeiltamme
allative
Muhammadillemme
Muhammadeillemme
essive
Muhammadinamme
Muhammadeinamme
translative
Muhammadiksemme
Muhammadeiksemme
abessive
Muhammadittamme
Muhammadeittamme
instructive
comitative
—Muhammadeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Muhammadinne
Muhammadinne
accusative
nom.
Muhammadinne
Muhammadinne
gen.
Muhammadinne
genitive
Muhammadinne
Muhammadienne
partitive
Muhammadianne
Muhammadejanne
inessive
Muhammadissanne
Muhammadeissanne
elative
Muhammadistanne
Muhammadeistanne
illative
Muhammadiinne
Muhammadeihinne
adessive
Muhammadillanne
Muhammadeillanne
ablative
Muhammadiltanne
Muhammadeiltanne
allative
Muhammadillenne
Muhammadeillenne
essive
Muhammadinanne
Muhammadeinanne
translative
Muhammadiksenne
Muhammadeiksenne
abessive
Muhammadittanne
Muhammadeittanne
instructive
comitative
—Muhammadeinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Muhammadinsa
Muhammadinsa
accusative
nom.
Muhammadinsa
Muhammadinsa
gen.
Muhammadinsa
genitive
Muhammadinsa
Muhammadiensa
partitive
Muhammadiaan Muhammadiansa
Muhammadejaan Muhammadejansa
inessive
Muhammadissaan Muhammadissansa
Muhammadeissaan Muhammadeissansa
elative
Muhammadistaan Muhammadistansa
Muhammadeistaan Muhammadeistansa
illative
Muhammadiinsa
Muhammadeihinsa
adessive
Muhammadillaan Muhammadillansa
Muhammadeillaan Muhammadeillansa
ablative
Muhammadiltaan Muhammadiltansa
Muhammadeiltaan Muhammadeiltansa
allative
Muhammadilleen Muhammadillensa
Muhammadeilleen Muhammadeillensa
essive
Muhammadinaan Muhammadinansa
Muhammadeinaan Muhammadeinansa
translative
Muhammadikseen Muhammadiksensa
Muhammadeikseen Muhammadeiksensa
abessive
Muhammadittaan Muhammadittansa
Muhammadeittaan Muhammadeittansa
instructive
comitative
—Muhammadeineen Muhammadeinensa :

#### Derived terms

* Muhis

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* Muchamad, Muchammad, Mochamad, Mochammad, Mohamad, Mohammad, Muhamad

### Etymology

From Malay Muhammad, from Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [muˈhamat̚]
* Rhymes: -at
* Hyphenation: Mu‧ham‧mad

### Proper noun

Muhammad
* (Islam) Muhammad (the figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís)
* a male given name from Arabic

#### Usage notes

* Although being separated by a space, it behaves like a prefix. No one would be called Muhammad, but the name next to it. For example, someone who named Muhammad Rizki is always called Rizki and never Muhammad.

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* Mohamed, Mohamad, Muhamad
* Mat, Mad, Md (clipping)

### Etymology

From Arabic مُحَمَّد (muḥammad).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mu.ha.mat], [mu.ħam.mad]
* Rhymes: -at, -ad
* Hyphenation: Mu‧ham‧mad

### Proper noun

Muhammad (Jawi spelling محمد, abbreviation Muhd.)
* (Islam) The figure who introduced Islam, and the man to whom the Qur'an was revealed; considered a prophet by Muslims and Baháʼís.
* a male given name from Arabic

#### Usage notes

* In Malay-speaking communities, people with "Muhammad" in their names are usually referred to not by "Muhammad" but by the name that comes after that part of their given name.
** For example, a person whose given name is "Muhammad Aqil" would usually be referred to by other people as just "Aqil" and not as "Muhammad".

### Further reading

* “Muhammad” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.