# अद्
## Kolami
### Alternative forms

* అద్ (ad) — Telugu script

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *atu. Cognate with Kannada ಅದು (adu), Malayalam അത് (atŭ), Tamil அது (atu). From அ (a, pronominal base), see Proto-Dravidian *a-. Cognate with Kannada ಅದು (adu), Malayalam അത് (atŭ), Telugu అది (adi).

### Pronoun

अद् (ad)
* she, it, that
* non-masculine third-person singular distal pronoun; it or she

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* অদ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬅᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
* অদ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰀𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀅𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* အဒ် (Burmese script)
* અદ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਅਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌅𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦄꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂃𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಅದ್ (Kannada script)
* អទ៑ (Khmer script)
* ອທ຺ (Lao script)
* അദ് (Malayalam script)
* ᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
* 𑘀𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦠𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐀𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
* ଅଦ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢂꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆃𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖀𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
* අද් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩐𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚀𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
* அத்³ (Tamil script)
* అద్ (Telugu script)
* อทฺ (Thai script)
* ཨ་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒁𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨀𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Had-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Had-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed-. Cognates include Avestan 𐬀𐬛 (ad), Hittite 𒂊𒀉𒈪 (e-id-mi, “I eat”), Ancient Greek ἔδω (édō), Latin edō, Old Armenian ուտեմ (utem, “to eat”), Gothic 𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (itan), Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti), Old Irish estir (“he may eat”), English eat.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɐd/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɐd̪/

### Root

अद् • (ad)
* to eat
    Synonyms: घस् (ghas), खाद् (khād)

#### Usage notes

In Vedic, this root is suppleted by घस् (ghas) (for aorist, perfect, desiderative, and past participle) and by आवयत् (ā́vayat) (for 2/3sg. imperfect).

#### Derived terms
##### Primary Verbal Forms

* अत्ति (átti, Present)
* अत्स्यति (atsyáti, Future)
* अत्ता (attā́, Periphrastic Future)
* अद्यात् (adyā́t, Benedictive)
* आद (ā́da, Perfect)

##### Secondary Forms

* अद्यते (adyáte, Passive)
* आदयति (ādayati, Causative)
* आदिदत् (ā́didat, Causative Aorist)

##### Non-Finite Forms

* अत्तुम् (áttum, Infinitive)
* अत्तवे (áttave, Infinitive)
* अत्तोस् (attos, Infinitive)
* अत्त्वा (attvā́, Gerund)
* अत्त्वाय (attvā́ya, Gerund)
* अदनीय (adanī́ya, Gerundive)
* अत्तव्य (attavyà, Gerundive)
* आद्य (ādyà, Gerundive)
* अद्य (adya, Gerundive)

##### Derived Nominal Forms

* अत्ति (attí)
* अत्तृ (attṛ́)
* अत्र (átra, “food”)
* अद् (ad)
* अद (ada)
* अदक (adaka)
* अदन (adana)
* अद्मन् (ádman)
* अद्वन् (advan)
* अद्वर (advara)
* अन्न (ánna)
* आदन (ā́dana)
* आदिन् (ādín)
* अन्नाद्य (annādya)

##### Prefixed Root Forms

* अप्यद् (apyad)
* प्रत्यद् (pratyad)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “अद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 17, column 3.
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 3
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “ad”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 61-2
* Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “ad”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 8-9
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 230-1