# любов
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ľuby. An alternative form of любъ́в (ljubǎ́v), but with a vocalised strong yer. Attested in a Tarnovo recension Middle Bulgarian manuscript from the early 1400s, so either one of the few cases of strong yer vocalisation in Eastern Bulgarian or influenced by Western Bulgarian tradition.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lʲo̟ˈbɔf]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔf

### Noun

любо́в • (ljubóv) f (relational adjective любо́вен)
* (uncountable) love, attachment, affection
    Synonym: о́бич (óbič)
* (countable) love affair, a romance
* (countable) a love, a darling, a sweetheart (the object of one’s romantic feelings)
* (uncountable) enthusiasm, fervour, zeal
    Synonyms: охо́та (ohóta), жела́ние (želánie)

#### Alternative forms

* любъв (ljubǎv) — obsolete

#### Derived terms

* любо́вник m (ljubóvnik), любо́вница f (ljubóvnica)
* любвеоби́лен (ljubveobílen, “loving, amative”)

#### Related terms

* лю́бя (ljúbja, “to love”), любу́вам се (ljubúvam se, “to relish, to enjoy”)
* люб (ljub, “amiable, charming”) (obsolete, found in compounds)

### References

* “любов”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “любов”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
* Nayden Gerov (1899) “любо́вь и любъ́вь”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 35
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “любов”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 573
* “люубꙑ”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2025

## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Borrowed from Carpathian Rusyn любо́в (ljubóv) or earlier Old Ruthenian любо́въ (ljubóv), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *ľuby.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʎubɔf]
* Rhymes: -ubɔf
* Hyphenation: лю‧бов

### Noun

любов (ljubov) f (related adjective любовни)
* (uncountable) love (strong affection)
    Synonym: любосц (ljubosc)
* (countable) love (person who is the object of romantic feelings)
* (countable) love (thing, activity etc. which is the object of one's deep liking or enthusiasm)
** 2024 December 8, Ол. Живкович, “Виткана зоз eмоцийох”, in Руске Слово‎:Нови Сад остал город таки яки ше ми пачи, єдина моя велька любов.Novi Sad ostal horod taki jaki še mi pači, jedina moja velʹka ljubov.Novi Sad remained the city that I like, my only big love.

#### Related terms

* любезни (ljubezni)
* любени (ljubeni)
* люби (ljubi)
* любки (ljubki)
* любовни (ljubovni)
* любимец m anim (ljubimec)
* любимица f (ljubimica)
* любитель m pers (ljubitelʹ)
* любовнїк m pers (ljubovnjik)
* любовнїца f (ljubovnjica)
* любац impf (ljubac)
* любиц impf (ljubic)
* любкац impf (ljubkac)
* любовац impf (ljubovac)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “любов”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “love”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 170

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ukrainian любо́въ f (ljubóv, nominative and accusative), from Proto-Slavic *ľubъ̀vь f (accusative of nominative *ľubỳ f).
Cognate with Belarusian любо́ў f (ljubóŭ); Russian любо́вь f (ljubóvʹ); etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lʲʊˈbɔu̯]
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: Любо́в (Ljubóv)
* Rhymes: -ɔu̯
* Hyphenation: лю‧бов

### Noun

любо́в • (ljubóv) f inan (genitive любо́ві or любо́ви, uncountable, relational adjective любо́вний)
* (uncountable) love (strong affection)
    Synonym: коха́ння (koxánnja)

#### Related terms

* любо́вно (ljubóvno)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “любов”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “любов”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)