# coronal
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English coronal, from Anglo-Norman coronal, from Latin corōnālis (“related to a crown”), from corōna (“crown”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkɒɹənəl/, /kəˈɹəʊnəl/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈkɔɹənəl/, /ˈkɑɹənəl/, /kəˈɹoʊnəl/, enPR: kŏr'ə-nəl, kə-rōn'əl

#### Adjective

coronal (comparative more coronal, superlative most coronal)
* Relating to a crown or coronation.
** 1649, J[ohn] Milton, ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ [Eikonoklástēs] […], London: […] Matthew Simmons, […], →OCLC:The law and his coronal oath require his undeniable assent to what laws the Parliament agree upon.
* (astronomy) Relating to the corona of a star.
** 1878, William de Wiveleslie Abney, A Treatise on Photography:The coronal light during the eclipse is faint.
** 2013 July 28, Megan Gannon, “Spacecraft Sees Giant 'Hole' In the Sun”, in news.yahoo.com‎, retrieved 2013-07-29:Coronal holes are darker, cooler regions of the sun's atmosphere, or corona, containing little solar material. In these gaps, magnetic field lines whip out into the solar wind rather than looping back to the sun's surface. Coronal holes can affect space weather, as they send solar particles streaming off the sun about three times faster than the slower wind unleashed elsewhere from the sun's atmosphere, according to a description from NASA.
* (botany) Relating to the corona of a flower.
* (phonetics) Relating to a sound made with the tip or blade of the tongue.
* (anatomy) Relating to the coronal plane that divides a body into dorsal (back) and ventral (front).
* (dentistry) Relating to the external (supragingival) portion of the tooth.
* (urology) Relating to the corona glandis.
* (forensic medicine) Relating to a coroner's findings.

##### Hyponyms

* (phonetics): interdental, dental, alveolar, postalveolar, retroflex, palatoalveolar, alveopalatal, palatal

##### Coordinate terms

* anterior
* apical
* apicocoronal
* axial
* buccal
* buccoapical
* buccocervical
* buccogingival
* buccolabial
* buccolingual
* bucco-occlusal
* buccopalatal
* cervical
* coronal
* coronoapical
* distal
* distoapical
* distobuccal
* distocclusal
* distocervical
* distoclusal
* distocoronal
* distofacial
* distogingival
* distoincisal
* distolingual
* disto-occlusal
* distopalatal
* facial
* gingival
* incisal
* incisocervical
* inferior
* labial
* lingual
* linguobuccal
* linguo-occlusal
* mandibular
* maxillary
* mesial
* mesioapical
* mesiobuccal
* mesiocclusal
* mesiocervical
* mesioclusal
* mesiocoronal
* mesiodistal
* mesiofacial
* mesiogingival
* mesioincisal
* mesiolingual
* mesio-occlusal
* mesiopalatal
* occlusal
* palatal
* posterior
* proximal
* superior
* vestibular
* (phonetics): labial, dorsal, radical, laryngeal

##### Derived terms

* apicocoronal
* bicoronal
* coronal hole
* coronally
* coronal mass ejection
* coronal plane
* coronal rain
* coronal suture
* distocoronal
* extracoronal
* geocoronal
* hemicoronal
* infracoronal
* intercoronal
* intracoronal
* midcoronal
* pearly coronal papules
* pericoronal
* precoronal
* unicoronal

##### Translations
#### Noun

coronal (plural coronals)
* A crown or coronet.
** 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter V, in Le Morte Darthur, book V:Therfore aryse and dresse the thow gloton / For this day shall thou dye of my hand / Thenne the gloton anone starte vp and tooke a grete clubbe in his hand / and smote at the kynge that his coronal fylle to the erthe(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto V”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:That shall embellish more your beautie bright, / And crowne your heades with heavenly coronall, / Such as the Angels weare before Gods tribunall!
* A wreath or garland of flowers.
** 1862, Edward McDermott, The Popular Guide to the International Exhibition of 1862, Cambridge University Press, published 2014:The bowl is in the Renaissance style, with winged figures supporting coronals and wreaths of flowers, and on the edge is an emblematic figure pouring out water.
** 1911, George Sterling, Duandon‎:Where, darker for the sky's unclouded dome, The waves took sudden coronals of foam
* The frontal bone, over which the ancients wore their coronae or garlands.
** 1947, Hans Grüneberg, Animal Genetics and Medicine, page 190:Oxycephaly results from the fusion of both coronal sutures and of the sagittal suture; trigonocephaly from a fusion of both coronals; […]
* (phonetics) A consonant produced with the tip or blade of the tongue.
** 2011, Mirco Ghini, Asymmetries in the Phonology of Miogliola, page 34:This structurally accounts for a number of phenomena that treat coronals asymetrically with respect to other places of articulation.

##### Translations
#### Further reading

* “coronal”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “coronal”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “coronal”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* Coronal consonant on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Anatomical terms of location on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

coronal (plural coronals)
* Alternative form of cronel (“lance-part”)
** 1848, The Archaeological Journal, page 227:By Mr. Neville's kindness an accurate drawing of this relic has been obtained, and, considering the circumstances of its discovery, it has been conjectured that it may have been the coronal of a tilting lance.
** 1864, Central Committee of the British Archaeological Association for the Encouragement and Prosecution of Researches into the Arts and Monuments of the Early and Middle Ages, The Archaeological Journal, page 177:[…] the proper stroke was to knock off the salade, or bear it off in triumph on the three-pronged coronal of the lance.
** 1908, Bertram Edward Sargeaunt, Weapons: A Brief Discourse on Hand-weapons Other Than Fire-arms, page 26:The tilting lance differed from a war lance in that it possessed a coronal instead of a point. The coronal consisted of […]

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

coronal (plural coronals)
* Obsolete form of colonel.

### Anagrams

* Locarno, caloron

## French
### Etymology

From Latin corōnālis, from corōna (“a crown”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔ.ʁɔ.nal/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

coronal (feminine coronale, masculine plural coronaux, feminine plural coronales)
* (anatomy, astronomy, botany, phonetics) coronal

### Further reading

* “coronal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* cornall, crownall, coronalle, coronall, curonalle, corenall, cornal, corounal, corounnal

### Etymology

From Anglo-Norman coronal, from Latin corōnālis; equivalent to coroune +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔruˈnaːl/, /ˈkɔrunal/, /ˈkɔr(ə)nal/, /ˈkrɔnal/

### Noun

coronal (plural coronales)
* A tiara; a crown lacking arches or covering.
* A crowned helmet.
* A spearhead; the top of a spear.
* (rare) A nimbus or halo.
* (rare) The top of a column.

#### Descendants

* English: coronal (coronel, cronel)

#### References

* “coronāl, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-03-20.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ko.ɾoˈnaw/ [ko.ɾoˈnaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ku.ɾuˈnal/ [ku.ɾuˈnaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ku.ɾuˈnal/ [ku.ɾuˈnaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ku.ɾuˈna.li/
* Rhymes: -al, -aw
* Hyphenation: co‧ro‧nal

### Adjective

coronal m or f (plural coronais)
* coronal (relating to a crown or coronation)
** (astronomy) (relating to the corona of a star)
** (phonetics) (relating to a sound made with the tip or blade of tongue)

### Noun

coronal m (plural coronais)
* (anatomy) coronal (the frontal bone)
* (phonetics) coronal (consonant produced with tip or blade of tongue)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French coronal, from Latin coronalis. By surface analysis, coroană +‎ -al.

### Adjective

coronal m or n (feminine singular coronală, masculine plural coronali, feminine and neuter plural coronale)
* coronal

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin coronālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koɾoˈnal/ [ko.ɾoˈnal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: co‧ro‧nal

### Adjective

coronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural coronales)
* (anatomy) coronal
* (phonetics) coronal (relating to a sound produced with the tip or blade of the tongue)

### Noun

coronal f (plural coronales)
* (phonetics) coronal (a consonant produced with the tip or blade of the tongue)

#### Related terms

* corona

### Further reading

* “coronal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10