# չամիչ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* չամիչ (čʻamičʻ) — Akhaltsikhe, Goris, Ararat, Kharberd, Erzurum, Moks, Mush, Nor Nakhichevan, Constantinople, New Julfa, Tekirdağ, Sivas, Suceava, Van, Tbilisi
* չա̈միչ (čʻämičʻ) — Haçin, Maragheh, Salmas, Diyarbakır
* չա̈մէչ (čʻämēčʻ) — Svedia
* չամիճ (čʻamič) — Alashkert
* չա̈՛մինչ (čʻä́minčʻ), չա՛մէնչ (čʻámēnčʻ), չա՛մըէչ (čʻáməēčʻ) — Karabakh
* չամը՛չ (čʻamə́čʻ) — Zeitun
* չա՛մուչ (čʻámučʻ) — Agulis
* չօ՛մէնչ (čʻṓmēnčʻ) — Meghri

### Etymology

From Old Armenian չամիչ (čʻamičʻ).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /t͡ʃʰɑˈmit͡ʃʰ/, [t͡ʃʰɑmít͡ʃʰ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /t͡ʃɑˈmit͡ʃ/, [t͡ʃʰɑmít͡ʃʰ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

չամիչ • (čʻamičʻ)
* dried grape, raisin

#### Derived terms

* չամիչխաղող (čʻamičʻxaġoġ)
* չամչապուր (čʻamčʻapur)
* չամչարակ (čʻamčʻarak)
* չամչել (čʻamčʻel)
* չամչենի (čʻamčʻeni)
* չամչի (čʻamčʻi)
* չամչկենի (čʻamčʻkeni)
* չամչմել (čʻamčʻmel)

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “չամիչ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 623a

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

Usually considered of unknown origin.
Probably a Semitic borrowing: compare Assyrian Neo-Aramaic ܟܡܝܫܐ (kmiša, “dried up, dry, shrivelled (of grapes in a drought)”), ܟܡܫ (kamiš, “to become dry, become scorched, dehydrate; to fade, wither, shrivel up, wilt”). Note that here k and š are both pronounced as an emphatic /t͡ʃ/. Accordingly, these are usually transcribed as č̣mič̣a, č̣aməč̣. Ačaṙyan treats the Assyrian Neo-Aramaic words as Armenian borrowings, but they have native origin from the Aramaic root ܟ-ܡ-ܫ (k-m-š, “to wither”), whence Aramaic / Classical Syriac [script needed] (kmyš) / ܟܡܝܫܐ (kmyšʾ /⁠kəmīšā⁠/, “wrinkled”), Classical Syriac ܟܡܫܘܢܐ (kmšwnˀ /⁠kamšōnē⁠/, “grape seed, dried raisin”).

### Noun

չամիչ • (čʻamičʻ)
* dried grape, raisin
** 5th century, Bible, Numbers 6.4.:Զամենայն աւուրս ուխտին իւրոյ յամենայնէ զինչ եւ լինիցի յորթոյ՝ զգինի, ի չամչոյ (var. չամչին, չամիչոյ) մինչեւ ցթինն մի՛ կերիցէ:Zamenayn awurs uxtin iwroy yamenaynē zinčʻ ew linicʻi yortʻoy, zgini, i čʻamčʻoy (var. čʻamčʻin, čʻamičʻoy) minčʻew cʻtʻinn mí kericʻē:

#### Usage notes

According to Ačaṙean, ի չամչոյ մինչեւ ցթինն (i čʻamčʻoy minčʻew cʻtʻinn, “from the raisin to the grapeseed”) in Numbers 6:4 should be amended to ի չանչոյ մինչեւ ցթինն (i čʻančʻoy minčʻew cʻtʻinn, “from the grape pomace to the grapeseed”), because the Septuagint correspondent is στέμφυλον (stémphulon, “mass of pressed grapes”).

#### Derived terms

* չամչախունկ (čʻamčʻaxunk)
* չամչեայ (čʻamčʻeay)
* չամչեղէն (čʻamčʻełēn)
* չամչռեմ (čʻamčʻṙem)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: չամիչ (čʻamičʻ)
** → Georgian: ჩამიჩი (čamiči)
** → Romani: čamik
** → Turkish: çamıç, çamiç, çemiç, cemiç, çemiş, çemit, çemin
** → Udi: чамич (čamič)

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “չամիչ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 623a
* ↑ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 948
* ↑ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “չամիչ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 611a
* ↑ “ܡܝܫ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2019 April 20 (last accessed)
* ↑ “ܟܡܫ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2019 April 20 (last accessed)
* ↑ “ܟܡܫ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2019 April 20 (last accessed)
* ↑ Khan, Geoffrey (2008) The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 96), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 62
* ↑ Kalašev, A. (1894) Русско-айсорский и айсорско-русский словарь (Сборник материалов для описания местностей и племен Кавказа; 20), Tiflis, page 398b
* ↑ Napiorkowska, Lidia (2015) A Grammar of the Christian Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Diyana-Zariwaw (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics; 81), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 526, 570
* ↑ Khan, Geoffrey (2016) The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of the Assyrian Christians of Urmi (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics; 86), volume III, Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 135, 136
* ↑ “ܟܡܫ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2019 April 20 (last accessed)
* ↑ “kmš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2019-04-20
* ↑ Khan, Geoffrey (2008) The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 96), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 278
* ↑ Zēytʻunean A. S., editor (1998), Girkʻ Tʻuocʻ [Book of Numbers] (Hay hnagoyn tʻargmanakan yušarjanner), Antelias: Holy See of Cilicia, critical text, page 80

### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “չամիչ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “չամիչ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy