# 감다
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈka̠(ː)mt͈a̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [감(ː)따]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Etymology 1

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆷ〮다〮 (Yale: kóm-tá).
This verb is connected to a wide range of ideophones; see more on ᄀᆞᆷᄌᆞᆨ (Yale: komcok).

#### Verb

Korean verb set :
| Base | 감다 (gamda) |
| Causative | 감기다 (gamgida) |
| Passive | 감기다 (gamgida) |
감다 • (gamda) (infinitive 감아, sequential 감으니)
* (transitive) to close one's eyes
    Antonym: 뜨다 (tteuda, “to open one's eyes”)
    눈을 감다 ― nun-eul gamda ― to close one's eyes

##### Related terms

Sound-symbolic terms related to 감다 (gamda, “to close one's eyes”) :
| Yang-vowel form | Yang-vowel form | Yang-vowel form | Yang-vowel form | Yin-vowel form | Yin-vowel form | Yin-vowel form | Yin-vowel form |
| Middle Korean: ᄀᆞᆷᄌᆞᆨ (Yale: komcok) | Middle Korean: ᄀᆞᆷᄌᆞᆨ (Yale: komcok) | Middle Korean: ᄀᆞᆷᄌᆞᆨ (Yale: komcok) | Middle Korean: ᄀᆞᆷᄌᆞᆨ (Yale: komcok) | Middle Korean: 금즉 (Yale: kumcuk) | Middle Korean: 금즉 (Yale: kumcuk) | Middle Korean: 금즉 (Yale: kumcuk) | Middle Korean: 금즉 (Yale: kumcuk) |
| 깜작 (kkamjak) 깜작깜작 (kkamjakkkamjak) | 깜작 (kkamjak) 깜작깜작 (kkamjakkkamjak) | 깜짝 (kkamjjak) 깜짝깜짝 (kkamjjakkkamjjak) | 깜짝 (kkamjjak) 깜짝깜짝 (kkamjjakkkamjjak) | 끔적 (kkeumjeok) 끔적끔적 (kkeumjeokkkeumjeok) | 끔적 (kkeumjeok) 끔적끔적 (kkeumjeokkkeumjeok) | 끔쩍 (kkeumjjeok) 끔쩍끔쩍 (kkeumjjeokkkeumjjeok) | 끔쩍 (kkeumjjeok) 끔쩍끔쩍 (kkeumjjeokkkeumjjeok) |
| 깜박 (kkambak) 깜박깜박 (kkambakkkambak) | 깜박 (kkambak) 깜박깜박 (kkambakkkambak) | 깜빡 (kkamppak) 깜빡깜빡 (kkamppakkkamppak) | 깜빡 (kkamppak) 깜빡깜빡 (kkamppakkkamppak) | 껌벅 (kkeombeok) 껌벅껌벅 (kkeombeokkkeombeok) | 껌벅 (kkeombeok) 껌벅껌벅 (kkeombeokkkeombeok) | 껌뻑 (kkeomppeok) 껌뻑껌뻑 (kkeomppeokkkeomppeok) | 껌뻑 (kkeomppeok) 껌뻑껌뻑 (kkeomppeokkkeomppeok) |
| | | | | 끔벅 (kkeumbeok) 끔벅끔벅 (kkeumbeokkkeumbeok) | 끔벅 (kkeumbeok) 끔벅끔벅 (kkeumbeokkkeumbeok) | 끔뻑 (kkeumppeok) 끔뻑끔뻑 (kkeumppeokkkeumppeok) | 끔뻑 (kkeumppeok) 끔뻑끔뻑 (kkeumppeokkkeumppeok) |
| 깜찍하다 (kkamjjikhada) | 깜찍하다 (kkamjjikhada) | 깜찍하다 (kkamjjikhada) | 깜찍하다 (kkamjjikhada) | 끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikhada) 끔찍끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikkkeumjjikhada) | 끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikhada) 끔찍끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikkkeumjjikhada) | 끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikhada) 끔찍끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikkkeumjjikhada) | 끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikhada) 끔찍끔찍하다 (kkeumjjikkkeumjjikhada) |
| 곰작 (gomjak) 곰작곰작 (gomjakgomjak) | 꼼작 (kkomjak) 꼼작꼼작 (kkomjakkkomjak) | 꼼작 (kkomjak) 꼼작꼼작 (kkomjakkkomjak) | 꼼짝 (kkomjjak) 꼼짝꼼짝 (kkomjjakkkomjjak) | 굼적 (gumjeok) 굼적굼적 (gumjeokgumjeok) | 꿈적 (kkumjeok) 꿈적꿈적 (kkumjeokkkumjeok) | 꿈적 (kkumjeok) 꿈적꿈적 (kkumjeokkkumjeok) | 꿈쩍 (kkumjjeok) 꿈쩍꿈쩍 (kkumjjeokkkumjjeok) |

### Etymology 2

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞᆷ〮다〮 (Yale: kóm-tá).

#### Verb

Korean verb set :
| Base | 감다 (gamda) |
| Causative | 감기다 (gamgida) |
감다 • (gamda) (infinitive 감아, sequential 감으니)
* (transitive) to wash hair
    머리를 감다 ― meori-reul gamda ― to wash (one's) hair

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3

First attested in the Worin cheon'gangjigok (月印千江之曲 / 월인천강지곡), 1449, as Middle Korean 감〯다〮 (Yale: kǎm-tá).

#### Verb

Korean verb set :
| Base | 감다 (gamda) |
| Causative | 감기다 (gamgida) |
| Passive | 감기다 (gamgida) |
감다 • (gamda) (infinitive 감아, sequential 감으니)
* (transitive) to wind around, to coil
    상처에 붕대를 감다 ― sangcheo-e bungdae-reul gamda ― to wrap a bandage around a wound

##### Conjugation
## Middle Korean
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽ka$^{R!}$mtá⫽

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

#### Verb

감〯다〮 (kǎmtá) (infinitive 가마〮, sequential 가ᄆᆞ〮니〮)
* (transitive) to wrap around
** 1459, 월인석보 (Worin Seokbo), volume 4, page 27b:ᄯᅩ 後(후)에 變化(변화)로 龍(료ᇰ)ᄋᆡ 形體(혀ᇰ톄)ᄅᆞᆯ 지ᅀᅥ 부텻 모매 닐웨ᄅᆞᆯ 가맷다ᅌᅵ다stwo HWU-ey PYEN.HWA-lwo LYWONG-oy HYENG.THYEY-lol ciz-e pwuthy-es mwom-ay nilwey-lol kama-ys-tangitaAlso later I made a figure of a dragon by using metamorphosis, and wrapped it around Buddha's body for seven days.

##### Descendants

* Korean: 감다 (gamda)

### Etymology 2

Vowel harmony ablaut form of Middle Korean 검〯다〮 (kěmtá).

#### Adjective

감〯다〮 (kǎmtá) (infinitive 가마〮, sequential 가ᄆᆞ〮니〮)
* black
** 1481, 분류두공부시언해 (Bullyu Du Gongbu Si Eonhae), volume 4, translation of original in Chinese, page 27b:가ᄆᆞᆫ ᄆᆡ야미 우루믈 머믈우디 아니ᄒᆞᄂᆞ니 ᄀᆞᅀᆞᆳ 져비ᄂᆞᆫ ᄒᆞ마 손 ᄀᆞᆮ도다kam-on moyyami wulwum-ul memulGwu-ti aniho-noni kozol-s cyepi-non homa swon kot-twota[original: 玄蟬無停號 秋燕已如客]As black cicadas do not cease their sounds, the autumn sparrows feel already like sojourners.

##### Descendants

* Korean: 감다 (gamda)