# nucleus
## English

Picture dictionary :
atom
electron
nucleus :
* protonproton
* neutronneutron

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin nucleus (“kernel, core”). The earliest uses refer to the head of a comet and the kernel of a seed, both recorded in Lexicon Technicum in 1704. The sense in atomic physics was coined by British scientist Michael Faraday in 1844 in a theoretical meaning.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈnjuː.kli.əs/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈnuː.kli.əs/
** Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

nucleus (plural nuclei or nucleuses)
* The core, central part of something, around which other elements are assembled.
** 1968, Norton S. Ginsburg, “T’AI-PEI”, in Encyclopedia Britannica, volume 21, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 627, column 2:Situated in the centre of the largest agricultural basin in northern Formosa, T’ai-pei (population in 1964 was estimated to be 1,117,000) forms the nucleus of a major industrial area. The T’ai-pei industrial complex includes light and heavy industies within the urbanized area and also in several industrial suburbs, including Pan-ch’iao and Nan-chiang.
* An initial part or version that will receive additions.
    This collection will form the nucleus of a new library.
** 1972, Carol A. Nemeyer, Scholarly Reprint Publishing in the United States, New York, N.Y.: R. R. Bowker Co., →ISBN, page 49:This publishing project and the experience Power gained from wartime activities formed the nucleus for the development of the giant enterprise that today is University Microfilms, subsidiary of the Xerox Education Group, Xerox Corporation.
* (chemistry, physics) The massive, positively charged central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons.
    Meronyms: proton, neutron, electron
* (cytology) A large membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells which contains genetic material.
* (neuroanatomy) A ganglion, cluster of many neuronal bodies where synapsing occurs.
* (phonetics, phonology) The central part of a syllable, most commonly a vowel.
    Coordinate terms: onset, coda

#### Derived terms

* active galactic nucleus
* atomic nucleus
* Borromean nucleus
* caudate nucleus
* cell nucleus
* dentate nucleus
* Edinger-Westphal nucleus
* emboliform nucleus
* geniculate nucleus
* halo nucleus
* ice nucleus
* intermediolateral nucleus
* lateral geniculate nucleus
* lenticular nucleus
* lentiform nucleus
* medial geniculate nucleus
* nucle-
* nuclear
* nuclease
* nucleate, anucleate
* nucleic acid
* nuclein
* nucleo-
* nucleolar
* nucleon
* nucleotide
* nucleus accumbens
* nucleus ambiguus
* nucleus cowry, nucleus cowrie
* nucleus globosus
* nucleus pulposus
* nucleus ruber
* nuclide
* planetary nebula nucleus
* red nucleus
* retrotrapezoid nucleus
* sentence nucleus
* syllable nucleus
* vestibular nucleus

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Anagrams

* nucules, unclues

## Dutch
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin nucleus (“kernel, core”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnykleːjʏs/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

nucleus m (plural nucleussen or nuclei, diminutive nucleusje n)
* nucleus, core

#### Synonyms

* kern

#### Related terms

* nucleair
* nucleïne
* nucleon

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* nuculeus

### Etymology

A diminutive of nux (“nut”), with an irregular change of gender from feminine to masculine.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈnu.kle.us/, [ˈnʊkɫ̪eʊs̠] or IPA: /ˈnuk.le.us/, [ˈnʊkɫ̪eʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈnu.kle.us/, [ˈnuːkleus] or IPA: /ˈnuk.le.us/, [ˈnukleus]

### Noun

nucleus m (genitive nucleī); second declension
* (literally) (small) nut
* kernel
* (figuratively) core
* nucleus

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* nucleāris (New Latin)
* nucleātus (New Latin)
* nucleō

#### Descendants

* Derived:
** ⇒ Italian: nocciolo
** ⇒ Sicilian: nòzzulu
* Borrowed:
** → Asturian: nucleu
** → Catalan: nucli
** → Dutch: nucleus
** → English: nucleus
** → Galician: núcleo
** → Italian: nucleo
** → Piedmontese: nùcleo
** → Portuguese: núcleo
** → Romanian: nucleu
** → Sicilian: nùcliu
** → Spanish: núcleo
** → Translingual: Nucleolaria nucleus

### References

* “nū̆clĕus (nŭcŭlĕus)”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* nŭclĕus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1,043/1.
* “nucleus” on page 1,199 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)