# 甲子
## Chinese

* 甲子 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Chinese sexagenary cycle (English)
* Rat (zodiac) (English)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiǎzǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄗˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaap$^3$ zi$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gap$^2$ du$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kap-chṳ́
    (Hailu, HRS): gab zii$^ˊ$
* Jin (Wiktionary): jiah$^4$ zi$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gák-cṳ̄
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gor$^5$ zi$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kah-chí / kah-chú / kah-chír
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$ciaq-tsy
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎzǐ [Phonetic: jiázǐ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄗˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎzǐh
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^3$-tzŭ$^3$
*** Yale: jyǎ-dž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeatzyy
*** Palladius: цзяцзы (czjaczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaap$^3$ zi$^2$
*** Yale: gaap jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaap$^8$ dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gab$^3$ ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːp̚³ t͡siː³⁵/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$夾子 / 夹子 甲子 鴿子 / 鸽子
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gap$^2$ du$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kap̚⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kap-chṳ́
*** Hakka Romanization System: gab$^ˋ$ zii$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gab$^5$ zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kap̚² t͡sɨ³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gab zii$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /kap⁵⁻² t͡sɨ²⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: jiah$^4$ zi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiaʔ²⁻⁴⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gák-cṳ̄
*** Sinological IPA : /kaʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sy³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gor$^5$ zi$^3$ [Phonetic: gor$^1$ li$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /kɒ²¹⁻⁵⁵ $^{(t͡s-)}$li⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gor$^5$ zi$^3$ [Phonetic: gor$^1$ li$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /kɒ²¹⁻⁵⁵ $^{(t͡s-)}$li³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah-chí
*** Tâi-lô: kah-tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kahcie
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ka(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡si⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ka(ʔ)⁵ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ka(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡si⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah-chú
*** Tâi-lô: kah-tsú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kahzuo
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ka(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah-chír
*** Tâi-lô: kah-tsír
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ka(ʔ)⁵ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$ciaq-tsy
*** MiniDict: ciah$^入$ tsy
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$jiaq-tsr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiaʔ³³ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

### Noun

甲子
* The first term of the Chinese sexagenary cycle, sometimes glossed as "Wood Rat" from its associated terms in the Chinese elements and zodiac.
* A full or completed set of the sexagenary cycle.

#### Coordinate terms

* (Chinese sexagenary cycle terms) 干支 (gānzhī); 甲子 (jiǎzǐ), 乙丑 (yǐchǒu), 丙寅 (bǐngyín), 丁卯 (dīngmǎo), 戊辰 (wùchén), 己巳 (jǐsì), 庚午 (gēngwǔ), 辛未 (xīnwèi), 壬申 (rénshēn), 癸酉 (guǐyǒu), 甲戌 (jiǎxū), 乙亥 (yǐhài), 丙子 (bǐngzǐ), 丁丑 (dīngchǒu), 戊寅 (wùyín), 己卯 (jǐmǎo), 庚辰 (gēngchén), 辛巳 (xīnsì), 壬午 (rénwǔ), 癸未 (guǐwèi), 甲申 (jiǎshēn), 乙酉 (yǐyǒu), 丙戌 (bǐngxū), 丁亥 (dīnghài), 戊子 (wùzǐ), 己丑 (jǐchǒu), 庚寅 (gēngyín), 辛卯 (xīnmǎo), 壬辰 (rénchén), 癸巳 (guǐsì), 甲午 (jiǎwǔ), 乙未 (yǐwèi), 丙申 (bǐngshēn), 丁酉 (dīngyǒu), 戊戌 (wùxū), 己亥 (jǐhài), 庚子 (gēngzǐ), 辛丑 (xīnchǒu), 壬寅 (rényín), 癸卯 (guǐmǎo), 甲辰 (jiǎchén), 乙巳 (yǐsì), 丙午 (bǐngwǔ), 丁未 (dīngwèi), 戊申 (wùshēn), 己酉 (jǐyǒu), 庚戌 (gēngxū), 辛亥 (xīnhài), 壬子 (rénzǐ), 癸丑 (guǐchǒu), 甲寅 (jiǎyín), 乙卯 (yǐmǎo), 丙辰 (bǐngchén), 丁巳 (dīngsì), 戊午 (wùwǔ), 己未 (jǐwèi), 庚申 (gēngshēn), 辛酉 (xīnyǒu), 壬戌 (rénxū), 癸亥 (guǐhài)

#### Derived terms

* 一甲子 (yījiǎzǐ)

### Proper noun

甲子
* (～鎮) Jiazi (a town in Lufeng, Shanwei, Guangdong, China)
* (～鎮) Jiazi (a town in Qiongshan district, Haikou, Hainan, China)

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “甲子”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 227.

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 甲 | 子 |
| きのえ Grade: S | ね Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
The combination of the celestial stem 甲 (kinoe) and the earthly branch 子 (ne, “rat”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きのえね [kìnóéné] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲino̞e̞ne̞]

#### Noun

甲(きのえ)子(ね) • (kinoene)
* Wood Rat, the first term of the sexagenary cycle
    Hypernym: 干支

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 甲 | 子 |
| こう Grade: S | し Grade: 1 |
| kan'on | on'yomi |
Kanji in this term :
| 甲 | 子 |
| かぶと > かっ Grade: S | し Grade: 1 |
| irregular | on'yomi |
The combination of the celestial stem 甲 (kinoe) and the earthly branch 子 (ne, “rat”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かっし [káꜜsshì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ka̠ɕːi]
* (Tokyo) こーし [kóꜜòshì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞ːɕi]

#### Noun

甲(こう)子(し) or 甲(かっ)子(し) • (kōshi or kasshi)
* Wood Rat, the first term of the sexagenary cycle
    Hypernym: 干支

### References

* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 “甲子”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 甲 | 子 |

### Proper noun

甲子 • (Gapja) (hangeul 갑자)
* hanja form of 갑자 (“Wood Rat, the first in the sexagenary cycle”)

### References
## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 甲 | 子 |

### Noun

甲子
* chữ Hán form of Giáp Tý.

## Zhuang
### Noun

甲子
* Sawndip form of gyapceij