# 庚

| 庚 | U+5E9A, &#24218; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E9A |
| ← 庙 [U+5E99] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 庛 → [U+5E9B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

庚 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 戈中人 (ILO), four-corner 0023$_7$, composition ⿸广⿻コ大)

#### Derived characters

* 唐

#### See also

* 康

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 344, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9278
* Dae Jaweon: page 654, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 879, character 6
* Unihan data for U+5E9A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 庚 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 唐 | *ɡl'aːŋ |
| 煻 | *l'aːŋ |
| 糖 | *l'aːŋ |
| 搪 | *l'aːŋ |
| 蓎 | *l'aːŋ |
| 瑭 | *l'aːŋ |
| 餹 | *l'aːŋ |
| 篖 | *l'aːŋ |
| 螗 | *l'aːŋ |
| 塘 | *l'aːŋ |
| 鶶 | *l'aːŋ |
| 赯 | *l'aːŋ |
| 磄 | *l'aːŋ |
| 溏 | *l'aːŋ |
| 傏 | *l'aːŋ |
| 鎕 | *l'aːŋ |
| 榶 | *l'aːŋ |
| 嵣 | *l'aːŋʔ, *l'aːŋs |
| 庚 | *kraːŋ |
| 賡 | *kraːŋ |
| 鹒 | *kraːŋ |
| 康 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 穅 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 糠 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 槺 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 漮 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 躿 | *kʰlaːŋ |
| 慷 | *kʰlaːŋʔ |
Pictogram (象形) – a flail and a threshing device. See also 康 and 唐. Unrelated to ⺕ (i.e., there is no stylized hand inside the character).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): gēng (geng$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄥ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gen$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gang$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): gien$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kâng
    (Hailu, HRS): gang$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gang$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): geng$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gĕng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ga$^1$ / gaⁿ$^1$ / geng$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): keⁿ / kiⁿ / keng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gên$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$kan
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gen$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: geng
*** Wade–Giles: kêng$^1$
*** Yale: gēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: geng
*** Palladius: гэн (gɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤŋ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: gen$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gen
*** Sinological IPA : /kən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gang$^1$
*** Yale: gāng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: geng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐŋ⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: gien$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiɛn⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâng
*** Hakka Romanization System: gang$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kaŋ²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: gang$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /kaŋ⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kaŋ⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: geng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /kəŋ¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /kɛiŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ga$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ka⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gaⁿ$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kã⁵³³/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: geng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɛŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keⁿ / kiⁿ / keng
*** Tâi-lô: kenn / kinn / keng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kvef, kvy, kefng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kẽ⁴⁴/, /kĩ⁴⁴/, /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kẽ³³/, /kĩ³³/, /kiɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ̃⁴⁴/, /kĩ⁴⁴/, /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kẽ⁴⁴/, /kĩ⁴⁴/, /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kẽ⁴⁴/, /kĩ⁴⁴/, /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gên$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /kẽ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$kan
*** MiniDict: kan$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$kan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kã⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: gen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kən³³/
* Middle Chinese: kaeng
Rime :
| Character | 庚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (109) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古行切 |
| Baxter | kaeng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠæŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚaŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kaŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kaɨjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kɐŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kɐŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɐŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gang$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤraŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kraːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 庚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gēng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kæng › |
| Old Chinese | /*kˁraŋ/ |
| English | 7th heavenly stem |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 庚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3978 |
| Phonetic component | 庚 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 庚 |
| Old Chinese | /*kraːŋ/ |

### Definitions

庚
* age
* the seventh of the ten heavenly stems
* a surname

### Coordinate terms

* (Chinese heavenly stems) 天干 (tiāngān); 甲 (jiǎ), 乙 (yǐ), 丙 (bǐng), 丁 (dīng), 戊 (wù), 己 (jǐ), 庚 (gēng), 辛 (xīn), 壬 (rén), 癸 (guǐ)

### Compounds

* 倉庚 / 仓庚 (cānggēng)
* 同庚 (tónggēng)
* 呼庚呼癸
* 守庚申
* 定庚
* 尊庚 (zūngēng)
* 年庚
* 庚信
* 庚子之役
* 庚子拳亂 / 庚子拳乱
* 庚子賠款 / 庚子赔款
* 庚帖 (gēngtiě)
* 庚癸
* 庚癸之呼
* 庚辛
* 庚郵 / 庚邮
* 武庚
* 貴庚 / 贵庚 (guìgēng)
* 長庚 / 长庚 (chánggēng)

### Descendants

* → Zhuang: geng

### References

* “庚”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: きょう (kyō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: かのえ (kanoe, 庚)
* Nanori: かのえ (kanoe)、き (ki)、みち (michi)、やす (yasu)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 庚
* こう Jinmeiyō
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 庚 (kæng).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ko̞ː]
* Homophones: 鸛, 公, 爻, 功, 巧, 甲, 交, 行, 劫, 孝, 更, 抗, 効, 幸, 侯, 紅, 香, 候, 校, 貢, 項, 項, 綱, 稿, 蝗, 蝗, 薨, 講, 恋う, 請う, 乞う, 恍, 皎, 斯う

#### Proper noun

庚(こう) • (Kō)
* the seventh of the ten heavenly stems
    Hypernyms: 天干 (tenkan), 十干 (jikkan)
    Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 庚
* かのえ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
金 (Ka, “Metal”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 兄 (e, “elder brother”)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かのえ [kànóé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠no̞e̞]

#### Proper noun

庚(かのえ) • (Kanoe)
* the seventh of the ten heavenly stems
    Hypernyms: 天干 (tenkan), 十干 (jikkan)
    Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

## Korean
### Hanja

庚 (eumhun 별 경 (byeol gyeong))
* hanja form of 경 (“star”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

庚: Hán Nôm readings: canh
* chữ Hán form of Canh (“seventh of the ten heavenly stems”).
    Hypernyms: 天干, 十干
    Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

#### Compounds

* 庚午 (Canh Ngọ)
* 庚子 (Canh Tý)
* 庚寅 (Canh Dần)
* 庚戌 (Canh Tuất)
* 庚申 (Canh Thân)
* 庚辰 (Canh Thìn)