# 滄

| 滄 | U+6EC4, &#28356; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6EC4 |
| ← 滃 [U+6EC3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 滅 → [U+6EC5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

滄 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水人戈口 (EOIR), four-corner 3816$_7$, composition ⿰氵倉)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 641, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18007
* Dae Jaweon: page 1049, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1703, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6EC4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 滄 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 艙 | *sʰaːŋ |
| 倉 | *sʰaːŋ |
| 蒼 | *sʰaːŋ, *sʰaːŋʔ |
| 滄 | *sʰaːŋ, *sʰraŋs |
| 傖 | *sʰaːŋ, *zraːŋ |
| 鶬 | *sʰaːŋ |
| 凔 | *sʰaːŋ |
| 槍 | *sʰaŋ, *sʰraːŋ |
| 搶 | *sʰaŋ, *sʰaŋʔ, *sʰraŋʔ |
| 蹌 | *sʰaŋ |
| 瑲 | *sʰaŋ |
| 牄 | *sʰaŋ |
| 嗆 | *sʰaŋs |
| 創 | *sʰraŋ, *sʰraŋs |
| 瘡 | *sʰraŋ |
| 愴 | *sʰraŋʔ, *sʰraŋs |
| 鎗 | *sʰraːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰaːŋ, *sʰraŋs): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 倉 (OC *sʰaːŋ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cāng (cang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cong$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhông
* Eastern Min (BUC): chŏng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhng / chhong
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cang$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cang
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻang$^1$
*** Yale: tsāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsang
*** Palladius: цан (can)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cong$^1$
*** Yale: chōng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsong$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhông
*** Hakka Romanization System: cong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chŏng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰouŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhng / chhong
*** Tâi-lô: tshng / tshong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhngf, zhofng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍³³/, /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
* chhng - vernacular;
* chhong - literary.
* Middle Chinese: tshang
Rime :
| Character | 滄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 七岡切 |
| Baxter | tshang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sʰɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 滄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 1127 |
| Phonetic component | 倉 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 倉 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰaːŋ/ |

### Definitions

滄
* (literary) blue; dark green (of water)
* (literary) vast (of water) (Can we verify this sense?)
* (literary) cold; cool
    alt. forms: 凔 / 𰃷 (cāng)
* Alternative form of 蒼 / 苍 (“grey”)

### Compounds

* 小滄 / 小沧 (Xiǎocāng)
* 曾經滄海 / 曾经沧海 (céngjīngcānghǎi)
* 歷盡滄桑 / 历尽沧桑
* 淒滄 / 凄沧
* 滄桑 / 沧桑 (cāngsāng)
* 滄桑之變 / 沧桑之变
* 滄江 / 沧江
* 滄洲 / 沧洲
* 滄海 / 沧海 (cānghǎi)
* 滄浪 / 沧浪 (Cāngláng)
* 滄海一粟 / 沧海一粟 (cānghǎiyīsù)
* 滄浪亭 / 沧浪亭
* 滄海微塵 / 沧海微尘
* 滄海桑田 / 沧海桑田 (cānghǎisāngtián)
* 滄海橫流 / 沧海横流
* 滄浪詩話 / 沧浪诗话
* 滄海遺珠 / 沧海遗珠 (cānghǎiyízhū)
* 滄溟 / 沧溟
* 滄滄 / 沧沧
* 滄瀛 / 沧瀛 (cāngyíng)
* 濯纓滄浪 / 濯缨沧浪
* 濯足滄浪 / 濯足沧浪
* 瀾滄江 / 澜沧江 (Láncāng Jiāng)
* 珠沉滄海 / 珠沉沧海
* 臨滄 / 临沧 (Líncāng)

### References

* “滄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: そう (sō)
* Kan-on: そう (sō)
* Kun: ひろい (hiroi)、さむい (samui)

#### Compounds

* 滄海
* 滄溟
* 滄浪

## Korean
### Hanja

滄 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

滄: Hán Nôm readings: thương
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.