OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 𐏃𐎨𐎠
## Old Persian
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *háčaH.

### Preposition

𐏃𐎨𐎠 (h-c-a /hacā/)
* from, since
** 5th century BCE, Behistun Inscription, column 1, line 7:
    𐎺𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹𐎠 𐏐 𐎰𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎶𐏃𐎹 𐏐 𐏃𐎨𐎠 𐏐 𐎱𐎽𐎢𐎻[𐎡𐎹𐎫 𐏐] 𐎠𐎶𐎠𐎫𐎠 𐏐 𐎠𐎶/𐏃𐎹 vayam : Haxāmanišiyā : ϑahyāmahy : hacā : paruviyata : āmātā : amahyWe are called Achaemenids (because) we are distinguished from old

#### Descendants

* Middle Persian: (/⁠(early) hač, (late) az⁠/, “of, from, with”)
    Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫝 (ʾc), 𐫀𐫉 (ʾz)
    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (MN), [Book Pahlavi needed] (hc)
    Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭬𐭭 (mn)
    Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮋𐮌 (MN)
    Pazend script: 𐬆𐬗 (əc)
** Bakhtiari: از (äz), [script needed] (zi), زه (ze)
** Northern Luri:
    Nahavandi: از (äz)
    Balagarive: داْ (de)
** Southern Luri: از (äz), ا (ä)
** Classical Persian: از (az)
    Dari: از (az)
    Iranian Persian: از (äz)
    Tajik: аз (az)
    Judeo-Tat: əz
    Tat: ا (ä), از (äz)
** → Gilaki: از (äz)
** → Proto-Komisenian:
*** Sorkhei: از (äz)
*** Lasgerdi: از (az)
*** Sangisari: از (äz)
** → Middle Median:
*** Kermanic: (“of, from, with”)
    Farizandi, Gazi, Kafroni, Kesehi, Sedehi, Vonishuni, Qohrudi, Zefrehi: äz
    Khunsari: ez
*** → Sivandi: äz, ä
** → Parachi: az

### References

Skjærvø, Prods Oktor (2016) An Introduction to Old Persian‎
# fluidizer
## English
### Etymology

From fluidize +‎ -er.

### Noun

fluidizer (plural fluidizers)
* A device that fluidizes.

#### Derived terms

* microfluidizer
# boulanger
## English
### Etymology

From Surinamese Dutch boulanger, from French beringène, from Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān), from Persian بادنجان (bâdenjân). Doublet of aubergine.

### Noun

boulanger (plural boulangers)
* (Guyana) Eggplant; aubergine.
** For quotations using this term, see Citations:boulanger.

## Dutch
### Etymology

From French beringène, from Spanish berenjena, from Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān), from Persian بادنجان (bâdenjân). Compare Antilles French bélangère (“aubergine”) and Antillean Creole bélanjè (“aubergine”). Doublet of aubergine.

### Pronunciation

* (Suriname) IPA: /bu.lɑ̃.ʃeːi̯/, /bu.lɑ̃.ʃeː/
* (Netherlands) IPA: /bu.lɑ̃.ʒeː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: bou‧lan‧ger

### Noun

boulanger m (plural boulangers, diminutive boulangertje n)
* (Suriname) Solanum melongena; eggplant, aubergine
** 1937 May 12, “CHATILLON”, in De Surinamer : nieuws- en advertentieblad‎, page 4:Vroeger werden allerlei soort groenten opgediend, daarbij wist men nog: het is van mijn eigen grondje. Tegenwoordig alleen boulanger en kouseband en daar zorgt de leverancier in de stad voor.In the old days, all kinds of vegetables were served, and people still knew: it comes from my own allotment. Nowadays only aubergines and yardlong beans [are served] and the supplier in town takes care of that.

### References

* ↑ J. van Donselaar (2013) Woordenboek van het Nederlands in Suriname van 1667 tot 1876, Amsterdam/The Hague: Meertens Instituut/Nederlandse Taalunie, →ISBN, page 49
* ↑ R. Arveiller (1969) “Les noms français de l'aubergine”, in Revue de linguistique romane, page 225
* ↑ Jean-Pierre Jeantheau (2015 July) “La dictée dans les enquêtes sur la « littéracie » des adultes ; pratiques, résultats, exemples d’analyse, perspectives”, in Catherine Brissaud, Clara Mortamet, editors, Glottopol: revue de sociolinguistique en ligne, Laboratoire Dysola – Université de Rouen, →ISSN, page 202
* ↑ Henry Tourneux, Maurice Barbotin (1990) Dictionnaire pratique du créole de Guadeloupe (Marie-Galante) ; suivi d'un index français-créole, KARTHALA Editions, →ISBN, page 48

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French boulanger, from Old French boulanger, bolengier (“baker”), from Picard Old French boulenc (“bun-maker, bread-maker”), of Germanic origin, from Low Frankish *bollā (“bun”) + -enc (“-ing”), from Frankish *-ing (“-ing”), from Proto-Germanic *-ingaz (“-ing”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bu.lɑ̃.ʒe/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

boulanger m (plural boulangers, feminine boulangère)
* baker

#### Derived terms

* boulangerie
* robot boulanger

### Verb

boulanger
* (rare) to prepare and bake bread

#### Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written boulange- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

### Further reading

* “boulanger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# allegro moderato
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian allegro moderato.

### Adverb

allegro moderato (not comparable)
* (music) A little slower than allegro.

#### Translations
## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* alegro moderato

### Adverb

allegro moderato (not comparable)
* (music) allegro moderato (played a little slower than allegro)
# Penc
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpɛnt͡s]

### Proper noun

Penc m anim (female equivalent Pencová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Penc”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# Cardigan Bay
## English
### Proper noun

Cardigan Bay
* A bay of the Irish Sea, mainly on the coast of Ceredigion, (formerly Cardiganshire), and also Gwynedd, Wales.
# prodigal son
## English
### Etymology

With reference to Luke 15:11–32.

### Noun

prodigal son (plural prodigal sons)
* Someone who returns home from travelling or exile or who is welcomed back after disgrace, especially having repented of former extravagant or immoral behavior.
** 2010, “Enter Dog of Pavlov”, performed by Soilwork:Here I am, the prodigal son The self proclaimed deprived Spending hours of fighting the peace When I should lay it on the line
** 2024 August 28, Raven Smith, “Liam Gallagher, Noel Gallagher, and the Art of the Public Feud”, in Vogue‎:Don’t look back in anger—Oasis, the prodigal sons of Brit-pop, is returning. After years of public feuding and subtweets and alleged battery with a cricket bat, the Gallagher brothers—Liam and Noel, obvs—are working it out on the remix, with a rash of 2025 summer dates announced on their website.
* A marine fish, the cobia (Rachycentron canadum).

#### Translations
### See also

* kill the fatted calf

### References

* prodigal son on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# gülücük
## Turkish
### Etymology

gül- (“to laugh”) +‎ -üş +‎ -cük.
Due to the "Consonant Drop" rule of Turkish, the "ş" consonant is dropped.

### Noun

gülücük (definite accusative gülücüğü, plural gülücükler)
* smile

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
gülücük
gülücükler
definite accusative
gülücüğü
gülücükleri
dative
gülücüğe
gülücüklere
locative
gülücükte
gülücüklerde
ablative
gülücükten
gülücüklerden
genitive
gülücüğün
gülücüklerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
gülücüğüm
gülücüklerim
2nd singular
gülücüğün
gülücüklerin
3rd singular
gülücüğü
gülücükleri
1st plural
gülücüğümüz
gülücüklerimiz
2nd plural
gülücüğünüz
gülücükleriniz
3rd plural
gülücükleri
gülücükleri
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
gülücüğümü
gülücüklerimi
2nd singular
gülücüğünü
gülücüklerini
3rd singular
gülücüğünü
gülücüklerini
1st plural
gülücüğümüzü
gülücüklerimizi
2nd plural
gülücüğünüzü
gülücüklerinizi
3rd plural
gülücüklerini
gülücüklerini
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
gülücüğüme
gülücüklerime
2nd singular
gülücüğüne
gülücüklerine
3rd singular
gülücüğüne
gülücüklerine
1st plural
gülücüğümüze
gülücüklerimize
2nd plural
gülücüğünüze
gülücüklerinize
3rd plural
gülücüklerine
gülücüklerine
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
gülücüğümde
gülücüklerimde
2nd singular
gülücüğünde
gülücüklerinde
3rd singular
gülücüğünde
gülücüklerinde
1st plural
gülücüğümüzde
gülücüklerimizde
2nd plural
gülücüğünüzde
gülücüklerinizde
3rd plural
gülücüklerinde
gülücüklerinde
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
gülücüğümden
gülücüklerimden
2nd singular
gülücüğünden
gülücüklerinden
3rd singular
gülücüğünden
gülücüklerinden
1st plural
gülücüğümüzden
gülücüklerimizden
2nd plural
gülücüğünüzden
gülücüklerinizden
3rd plural
gülücüklerinden
gülücüklerinden
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
gülücüğümün
gülücüklerimin
2nd singular
gülücüğünün
gülücüklerinin
3rd singular
gülücüğünün
gülücüklerinin
1st plural
gülücüğümüzün
gülücüklerimizin
2nd plural
gülücüğünüzün
gülücüklerinizin
3rd plural
gülücüklerinin
gülücüklerinin
Predicative forms
singular
plural
1st singular
gülücüğüm
gülücüklerim
2nd singular
gülücüksün
gülücüklersin
3rd singular
gülücük gülücüktür
gülücükler gülücüklerdir
1st plural
gülücüğüz
gülücükleriz
2nd plural
gülücüksünüz
gülücüklersiniz
3rd plural
gülücükler
gülücüklerdir :
# dadilkos
## Navajo
### Verb

dadilkos
* third-person plural imperfective of dilkos
# Wunstorferinnen
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvʊnsˌtɔʁfəʁɪnən]
* Hyphenation: Wuns‧tor‧fe‧rin‧nen

### Noun

Wunstorferinnen f pl
* plural of Wunstorferin
# er met de pet naar gooien
## Dutch
### Etymology

Unknown.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛr mɛt də ˈpɛt naːr ˈɣoːi̯ə(n)/

### Verb

er met de pet naar gooien
* (idiomatic) to do in a poor way; to put in (too) little effort; to not try hard (as in not caring enough)

#### Synonyms

* er zijn voeten aanvegen, geen moeite doen, er met een jantje-van-leiden van afmaken
# päiväsaikaan
## Finnish
### Etymology

Illative of päivä +‎ -s- +‎ aika

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpæi̯ʋæsˌɑi̯kɑːn/, [ˈpæi̯ʋæs̠ˌɑ̝i̯kɑ̝ːn]
* Rhymes: -ɑikɑːn
* Hyphenation: päiväs‧aikaan

### Adverb

päiväsaikaan
* in daytime

### Further reading

* “päiväsaikaan”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# mamóna
## Polish
### Etymology

From mama +‎ -ona.

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Biecz) IPA: /maˈmo.na/

### Noun

mamóna f
* (Biecz, Slavic mythology) Synonym of dziwożona

### Further reading

* Roman Zawiliński (1880) “mamóna”, in “Gwara brzezińska w pow. ropczyckim”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (I) (in Polish), volume 8, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 229
# fluky
## English
### Adjective

fluky (comparative flukier or more fluky, superlative flukiest or most fluky)
* Alternative spelling of flukey

#### Derived terms

* flukily
* flukiness

#### Related terms

* fluke
# брюки
## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch broek. First attested in the eighteenth century, but became more popular a hundred years later. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brōks, whence also English breeches, whence a doublet бри́джи (brídži). Further from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (whence also English break, Latin frangō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbrʲʉkʲɪ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

брю́ки • (brjúki) f inan pl (genitive брюк, plural only, relational adjective брю́чный, diminutive брю́чки)
* pants, trousers
    Synonym: штаны́ m pl (štaný)

#### Meronyms

* брю́чина f (brjúčina, “trouser leg”)

#### Derived terms

* брю́чина f (brjúčina)
* ру́ки в брю́ки (rúki v brjúki)

#### Related terms

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *brōks:
* бри́джи m pl (brídži)
Ultimately from Latin frangō:
* фрагме́нт m (fragmént)
* фра́кция f (frákcija), рефра́кция f (refrákcija)

### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “брюки”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
* Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “брюки”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 115
* Shansky, N. M. (1965) “брюки”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, number 2 (Б), Moscow: Moscow University Press, page 206
* Krylov, G. A. (2004) “брюки”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Victory, →ISBN
* Anikin, A. E. (2011) “брюки”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 4 (боле – бтарь), Moscow: Znak, →ISBN, page 310

### Further reading

* Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “брюки”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
# diiłmáás
## Navajo
### Verb

diiłmáás
* second-person singular imperfective of yidiiłmáás
# αγωροφέρνω
## Greek
### Etymology

αγοροφέρνω (agoroférno), but using the spelling αγώρι (agóri) for αγόρι n (agóri, “boy”) at the dictionaries by Babiniotis, connecting the omega with Ancient Greek ἄωρος (áōros). See more at αγόρι (agóri).

### Verb

αγωροφέρνω • (agoroférno) (imperfect αγωρόφερνα) found only in the present and imperfect tenses
* highly unorthodox spelling of αγοροφέρνω (agoroférno)

#### Conjugation

* see: αγοροφέρνω (agoroférno)

### Further reading

* αγωροφέρνω - Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: […] [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias [Lexicology Centre], 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.
# er met een jantje-van-leiden van afmaken
## Dutch
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

er met een jantje-van-leiden van afmaken
* (idiomatic, reflexive) To perform some task poorly and half-heartedly.
    Synonym: er met de pet naar gooien
# ye'ẽ
## Mbyá Guaraní
### Etymology

From yy +‎ e'ẽ.

### Noun

ye'ẽ
* salt water
* sea, ocean

## Old Tupi
### Noun

ye'ẽ (possessable)
* (hapax) pitfall (trap consisting of a concealed pit in the ground)
    — Marãnamope peîapó aîpó ye'ẽ? — Oroîapó, îagûara xe boîá ra'yra gûarûera mbo'asagûama resé.— Why are you making that pitfall? — We are making it to catch the jaguar that ate my servant's son.

### References

* ↑ Antônio Lemos Barbosa (1956) Curso de tupi antigo: gramática, exercícios, textos [Course of Old Tupi: Grammar, Exercises, Texts] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Livraria São José, page 344
* anonymous author (1622) “Fojo pera tomar caça”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 141: “Ygeẽ [Ye'ẽ]”
* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “ye'ẽ”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 525, column 1
# banga-gat
## Woiwurrung
### Verb

banga-gat
* grasp

### References

* ↑ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/The_aborigines_of_Victoria_-_with_notes_relating_to_the_habits_of_the_natives_of_other_parts_of_Australia_and_Tasmania_%28IA_b24885228_0002%29.pdf
# flunkey
## English
### Alternative forms

* flunkie, flunky

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈflʌŋki/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌŋki

### Noun

flunkey (plural flunkeys or flunkies)
* (derogatory) An underling; a liveried servant or a footman; servant, retainer – a person working in the service of another (especially in the household).
** 1929, Baldwyn Dyke Acland, chapter 2, in Filibuster:“One marble hall, with staircase complete, one butler and three flunkeys to receive a retired sojer who dares to ring the bell. D'you know, old boy, I gave my bowler to the butler, whangee to one flunkey, gloves to another, and there was the fourth poor blighter looking like an orphan at a Mothers' Meeting. …"
** 1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 304:Dignified flunkies in the circular reception hall of the Ritz took my bag and briefcase and I came through the revolving door looking for Renata.
* An unpleasant, snobby or cringeworthy person.

#### Derived terms

* flunkeydom
* flunkeyhood
* flunkeyish
* flunkeyism

#### Translations
### See also

* flunker (possibly false cognate)
* lackey

### References

* “flunkey”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* “flunky”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# 淫水
## Chinese

* 淫水

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yínshuǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jam$^4$ seoi$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): îm-chúi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yínshuǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yínshuěi
*** Wade–Giles: yin$^2$-shui$^3$
*** Yale: yín-shwěi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ynshoei
*** Palladius: иньшуй (inʹšuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /in³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yínshuǐr
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yínshuěir
*** Wade–Giles: yin$^2$-shui$^3$-ʼrh
*** Yale: yín-shwěir
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ynshoel
*** Palladius: иньшуйр (inʹšujr)
*** Sinological IPA : /in³⁵ ʂu̯əɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jam$^4$ seoi$^2$
*** Yale: yàhm séui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jam$^4$ soey$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yem$^4$ sêu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐm²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: îm-chúi
*** Tâi-lô: îm-tsuí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: imzuie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /im²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /im²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /im¹³⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /im²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sui⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /im²³⁻³³ t͡sui⁴¹/

### Noun

淫水
* (literary) overflowing floodwater
    From: Huainanzi, 2nd century BCE
    Yúshì Nǚwā liàn wǔsè shí yǐ bǔ cāngtiān, duàn áo zú yǐ lì sìjí, shā hēi lóng yǐ jì jìzhōu, jī lú huī yǐ zhǐ yínshuǐ. [Pinyin]
    Thereupon, Nü Wa melted stones of the five colours to repair the heavens, cut off the feet of the giant tortoise to set upright the four extremities of the earth, killed the black dragon to save the land of Ji, and gathered the ashes of reeds to stop the flooding waters.
* arousal fluid
# yidiiłmááz
## Navajo
### Verb

yidiiłmááz
* third-person singular/duoplural perfective of yidiiłmáás
# túnjī
## Mandarin
### Romanization

túnjī (Zhuyin ㄊㄨㄣˊ ㄐㄧ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 囤積 / 囤积
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屯積 / 屯积
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 臀肌
# jaiba
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Taíno.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxaiba/ [ˈxai̯.β̞a]
* Rhymes: -aiba
* Syllabification: jai‧ba

### Noun

jaiba f (plural jaibas)
* (Latin America) crab
    Synonym: cangrejo
* (Dominican Republic) a crab of the species Epilobocera haytensis

### Further reading

* “jaiba”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Aepiornis
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Aepiornis m
* Alternative spelling of Aepyornis
# swoord
## English
### Noun

swoord (plural swoords)
* Obsolete spelling of sword.
# fluoresce
## English
### Etymology

Back-formation from fluorescence.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fləˈɹɛs/, /flʊəˈ-/, /flɔˈ-/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* Rhymes: -ɛs
* Homophone: floresce

### Verb

fluoresce (third-person singular simple present fluoresces, present participle fluorescing, simple past and past participle fluoresced)
* (intransitive, physics) To emit electromagnetic radiation, especially visible light, when absorbing radiation of some other wavelength.
** 1974, John Boorman, Zardoz, London: Pan Books, page 98:The blinding light did not hurt, it filled him, he glowed, all his veins fluoresced, each one alive with new growth.
* (transitive, physics) To cause to fluoresce; to make fluorescent.
** 2012, Oliver J. Wagner, Brian E. Louie, Eric Vallières, Ralph W. Aye, Alexander S. Farivar, “Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Can Help Identify the Contralateral Phrenic Nerve During Robotic Thymectomy”, in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery, volume 94, →DOI, page 622:During right robotic thymectomy, fluorescence imaging facilitates identification of the contralateral phrenic nerve by fluorescing the pericardiophrenic vessels.
* (intransitive) Of colours, to be very bright; to be so bright as to appear to radiate as a light source.

#### Derived terms

* autofluoresce
* autofluorescing
* biofluoresce
* fluorescamine
* fluorescein
* fluorescin

#### Related terms

* fluorescence
* fluorescent
* fluorescer
* fluorescently
# ἄθεος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

ἀ- (a-, “without”) +‎ θεός (theós, “god”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /á.tʰe.os/ → /ˈa.θe.os/ → /ˈa.θe.os/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /á.tʰe.os/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈa.tʰe.os/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈa.θe.os/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈa.θe.os/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈa.θe.os/

### Adjective

ᾰ̓́θεος • (ắtheos) m or f (neuter ᾰ̓́θεον); second declension
* without gods
* rejecting or disdaining the belief in the gods (especially officially sanctioned gods), atheist
* generally: godless, secular
* abandoned by the gods
* (lexicography) not derived from a theonym

#### Derived terms

* ᾰ̓θεῐ̈́ᾱ f (ătheĭ̈́ā)
* ᾰ̓θεότης f (ătheótēs)

#### Descendants

* Greek: άθεος (átheos)
* → Latin: atheos

### Further reading

* “ἄθεος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἄθεος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ἄθεος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* ἄθεος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* “ἄθεος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G112 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. atheist idem, page 49.atheistical idem, page 49.blasphemous idem, page 82.godless idem, page 365.impious idem, page 421.irreligious idem, page 460.irreverent idem, page 460.profane idem, page 653.sacrilegious idem, page 729.sinful idem, page 777.ungodly idem, page 919.unhallowed idem, page 920.unholy idem, page 921.unrighteous idem, page 930.wicked idem, page 978.worldly idem, page 990.wrong idem, page 994.