# -mente
## Asturian
### Etymology

From Latin mente.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmente/ [ˈmẽn̪.t̪e]

### Suffix

-mente (adverb-forming suffix)
* Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb.

#### Derived terms
## Galician
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -mente, from Latin mente. Compare Portuguese -mente.

### Suffix

-mente (adverb-forming suffix)
* Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb.

#### Derived terms
## Interlingua
### Etymology

From Spanish -mente and other Romance descendants of Latin mente.

### Suffix

-mente
* Attaches to an adjective to form the corresponding adverb.
    physicamente (“physically”)

#### Usage notes

After a final -c the vowel -a- is inserted, e.g. physicamente (note use of physica rather than physic; *physicmente would be incorrect)

#### Derived terms
## Italian
### Etymology

Latin mente.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmen.te/
* Rhymes: -ente
* Hyphenation: -mén‧te

### Suffix

-mente
* Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb.

#### Usage notes

* Because the suffix originates as a reinterpretation of the Latin feminine noun form mente in ablatival locutions [such as clārā mente (literally “with a clear mind”), whence Italian chiaramente]; if the root adjective ends in -o, in formation of the adverb it is employed in its feminine singular form.
    Examples:
       ‎chiara (“clear”) + ‎-mente → ‎chiaramente (“clearly”)
       ‎fisica (“physical”) + ‎-mente → ‎fisicamente (“physically”)
       ‎stupida (“stupid”, “foolish”) + ‎-mente → ‎stupidamente (“stupidly”, “foolishly”)
* Adjectives ending in -e, not distinguishing masculine and feminine forms, simply have the suffix attached to the singular form.
    Example:
       ‎grande (“great”) + ‎-mente → ‎grandemente (“greatly”)
* When the root adjective ends in -le, -lo, -re or -ro, the suffix is attached directly to the consonant and the final vowel of the adjective is dropped.
    Examples:
       ‎speciale (“special”) + ‎-mente → ‎specialmente (“especially”, “particularly”)
       ‎celere (“swift”) + ‎-mente → ‎celermente (“swiftly”)
* Terms derived with this suffix are invariably stressed on the penultimate.

#### Derived terms

* battaglievolmente
* disprezzevolmente
* giochevolmente
* trascorrevolmente

## Neapolitan
### Etymology

From Latin mente.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmɛntə]

### Suffix

-mente
Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb.

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin mente.

### Suffix

-mente
* Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb.
    ‎cruu (“cruel”) + ‎-mente → ‎cruamente (“cruelly”)
    ‎forte (“strong”) + ‎-mente → ‎fortemente (“strongly”)
    ‎primeiro (“first”) + ‎-mente → ‎primeiramente (“firstly”)

#### Descendants

* Galician: -mente
* Portuguese: -mente

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -mente, from Latin mente. Compare Galician -mente.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈmẽ.te/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈmẽ.tɨ/
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -ẽtɨ, (Brazil) -ẽt͡ʃi
* Hyphenation: -men‧te

### Suffix

-mente
* Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb; -ly
** 2000, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Prisioneiro de Azkaban [Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban] (Harry Potter; 3), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 336:Francamente, vão acordar todo mundo!Frankly, you are going to wake everybody up!

#### Usage notes

* -mente is always added to the feminine form of the adjective, as that is the grammatical gender of mente (“mind”). E.g., fisicamente, formed with física rather than físico.
* In sequences of adverbs formed with -mente, it is traditionally dropped from all adverbs except the last in the sequence:
    Ele escrevia rápida e freneticamente.He was writing quickly and frenetically.

#### Related terms

* mente

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Old Spanish -mente/-miente/-mientre, from Latin mente.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmente/ [ˈmẽn̪.t̪e] (additionally stressing the syllable of the underlying adjective)
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ente
* Syllabification: -men‧te

### Suffix

-mente (adverb-forming suffix)
* Attaches to an adjective in the feminine singular to form the corresponding adverb.
    ‎normal (“normal”) + ‎-mente → ‎normalmente (“normally, usually”)
    ‎física (“physical”) + ‎-mente → ‎físicamente (“physically”)
    ‎común (“common”) + ‎-mente → ‎comúnmente (“commonly”)
    ‎loca (“crazy”) + ‎-mente → ‎locamente (“crazily”)

#### Usage notes

* Adverbs in -mente are formed from the feminine singular forms of adjectives. For example, nuevamente (“newly”) is formed from nueva (“new”), and comúnmente (“commonly”) is formed from común (“common”).
* Not all words ending in <-mente> are adverbs formed with this suffix. For example, vehemente and demente are both adjectives. In fact, adverb vehementemente does exist.
* If the adjective is written with an accent, then the adverb with -mente is written with an accent in the same place; hence comúnmente, rápidamente, and so on. Conversely, if the adjective is written without an accent, then the adverb with -mente is also written without an accent; hence lentamente, nuevamente, and so on.
* In a string of adverbs connected with a conjunction, -mente may be omitted from all but the last. "Vaga, rápida y descuidadamente"

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* “-mente”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10