# 卿

| 卿 | U+537F, &#21375; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-537F |
| ← 卾 [U+537E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 厀 → [U+5380] |
| 卿 | U+2F831, &#194609; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F831 |
| ← 卽 [U+2F830] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 卿 → [U+2F832] |
| 卿 | U+2F832, &#194610; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F832 |
| ← 卿 [U+2F831] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 卿 → [U+2F833] |
| 卿 | U+2F833, &#194611; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F833 |
| ← 卿 [U+2F832] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 𠨬 → [U+2F834] |

## Translingual
### Han character

卿 (Kangxi radical 26, 卩+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹日戈中 (HHAIL), four-corner 7772$_0$, composition ⿰𠂎即 or ⿴卯皀)
* noble, high officer

#### Derived characters

* 𣛬 𮬐 𦺄 𬁋 𤫈

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 160, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2877
* Dae Jaweon: page 366, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 318, character 3
* Unihan data for U+537F
* Unihan data for U+2F831
* Unihan data for U+2F832
* Unihan data for U+2F833

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 卿 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 曏 | *qʰjaŋʔ, *qʰjaŋs, *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs |
| 鄉 | *qʰaŋ |
| 薌 | *qʰaŋ |
| 膷 | *qʰaŋ |
| 響 | *qʰaŋʔ |
| 饗 | *qʰaŋʔ |
| 蠁 | *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs |
| 嚮 | *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs |
| 卿 | *kʰraŋ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰraŋ): semantic 卯 (“two men facing each other”) + phonetic 皀 (OC *pqrɯɡ, *pqrɯb, *krɯb, *qʰaŋ, “food vessel with a stand”) – people engaged in ritual feasting (Yang, 1965). The character was once indistinguishable from 鄉 (OC *qʰaŋ); see the Glyph origin section there for more.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qīng (qing$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hing$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khîn
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kin$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kheng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kêng$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$chin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cing
*** Wade–Giles: chʻing$^1$
*** Yale: chīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ching
*** Palladius: цин (cin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hing$^1$
*** Yale: hīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɪŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: kin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰin²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰin⁴⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kheng
*** Tâi-lô: khing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qefng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kêng$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kheng
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰeŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$chin
*** MiniDict: chin$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$qin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰin⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: khjaeng
Rime :
| Character | 卿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (111) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 去京切 |
| Baxter | khjaeng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰˠiæŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰᵚiaŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰiaŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰiajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰiɐŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰĭɐŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰi̯ɐŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qīng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hing$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qʰraŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰraŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 卿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qīng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khjæng › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.qʰraŋ/ |
| English | minister (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 卿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13607 |
| Phonetic component | 鄉 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 卿 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰraŋ/ |
| Notes | 鄉轉註分化字 |

### Definitions

卿
* (historical) high official; minister
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Mèngzǐ wèi qīng yú Qí, chū diào yú Téng. [Pinyin]
    Mencius, occupying the position of a high dignitary in Qi, went on a mission of condolence to Teng.
* (historical) honorific term of address
    From: Chen Shou, Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 3rd century CE
    Róng jì dé jì, yì qí guì cí, yuē: “Qīng wú zhī shàoyǒu yě.” [Pinyin]
    [Kong] Rong, having received help, regarded [Taishi] Ci in even higher esteem, saying: "You are [such] a young friend of mine."
* (imperial, historical) term of address used by emperors toward ministers
    From: 岳飛 Yue Fei〈良馬對〉A Dialogue on Good Horses
    Dì wèn Yuè Fēi yuē: “Qīng dé liángmǎ fǒu?” [Pinyin]
    The Emperor asked Yue Fei: "Haven't you gotten a good horse?"
* (archaic) term of endearment used between spouses
    From: Liu Yiqing (editor), A New Account of the Tales of the World, 5th century CE
    Qīn qīng ài qīng, shìyǐ qīng qīng; wǒ bù qīng qīng, shéi dāng qīng qīng? [Pinyin]
    I endear my dear and love my dear, and that's why I call my dear "my dear". If I were not to call my dear "my dear", who else is supposed to call my dear "my dear"?
* Synonym of 慶 / 庆 (qìng, “auspicious”) Used in 卿雲／卿云 (qīngyún, “auspicious clouds”).

#### Compounds

* 三卿
* 上卿 (shàngqīng)
* 九卿 (Jiǔqīng)
* 亞卿 / 亚卿
* 先卿
* 六卿
* 公卿 (gōngqīng)
* 公卿之門 / 公卿之门
* 公卿大臣
* 卿公
* 卿卿
* 卿卿我我 (qīngqīngwǒwǒ)
* 卿士
* 卿大夫 (qīngdàfū)
* 卿子
* 卿家 (qīngjiā)
* 卿雲 / 卿云 (qīngyún)
* 名公鉅卿 / 名公巨卿
* 名動公卿 / 名动公卿
* 國務卿 / 国务卿 (guówùqīng)
* 孫卿 / 孙卿
* 客卿
* 寺卿
* 布衣卿相
* 干卿何事 (gānqīnghéshì)
* 干卿底事
* 愛卿 / 爱卿 (àiqīng)
* 焦仲卿妻
* 白衣公卿
* 白衣卿相
* 芳卿
* 荀卿 (Xúnqīng)
* 貳卿 / 贰卿
* 鉅卿偉公 / 巨卿伟公

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | Shinjitai (extended) |
| 卿󠄃 卿+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | Shinjitai (extended) |
| Kyūjitai | 卿 |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: きょう (kyō)
* Kan-on: けい (kei)
* Kun: きみ (kimi, 卿)
* Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)

### Noun

卿(きょう) • (kyō)
* (honorific title) Sir, Lord
    水(み)戸(と)侯(こう)、徳(とく)川(がわ)頼(より)房(ふさ)卿(きょう)
       Mito Kō, Tokugawa Yorifusa Kyō
       Lord Tokugawa Yorifusa, Marquis of Mito
    ウインストン・チャーチル卿(きょう)
       Uinsuton Chāchiru Kyō
       Sir Winston Churchill

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 卿 (MC khjaeng). Recorded as Middle Korean 겨ᇰ (kyeng) (Yale: kyeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 卿 (eumhun 벼슬 경 (byeoseul gyeong))
* hanja form of 경 (“noble”)

#### Compounds

* 경상 (卿相, gyeongsang)
* 공경 (公卿, gonggyeong)
* 추기경 (樞機卿, chugigyeong)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

卿: Hán Việt readings: khanh
卿: Nôm readings: khành
* (imperial) chữ Hán form of khanh (“you”). (used by royalty to refer to inferior)