# 徭

| 徭 | U+5FAD, &#24493; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FAD |
| ← 徬 [U+5FAC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 微 → [U+5FAE] |
| 徭 | U+FA85, &#64133; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA85 |
| ← 彩 [U+FA84] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 惘 → [U+FA86] |

## Translingual
### Han character

徭 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹人月人山 (HOBOU), four-corner 2727$_2$, composition ⿰彳䍃)
* conscript labor, compulsory labor

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 370, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10201
* Dae Jaweon: page 696, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 839, character 3
* Unihan data for U+5FAD
* Unihan data for U+FA85

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 搖 | *lews, *lew |
| 遙 | *lew |
| 瑤 | *lew |
| 徭 | *lew |
| 鰩 | *lew |
| 媱 | *lew |
| 傜 | *lew |
| 颻 | *lew |
| 窰 | *luː |
| 愮 | *lew |
| 鷂 | *lew, *lews |
| 榣 | *lew |
| 嗂 | *lew |
| 猺 | *lew |
| 謠 | *lew |
| 鎐 | *ʔsloːwɢ |

### Etymology

Perhaps related to Burmese လုပ် (lup, “to do, work”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yáo (yao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yáo
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^2$
*** Yale: yáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
*** Palladius: яо (jao)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jiu$^4$
*** Yale: yìuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jiu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yiu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːu̯²¹/
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*law/
    (Zhengzhang): /*lew/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 徭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yáo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yew › |
| Old Chinese | /*law/ |
| English | public or military service |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 徭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14707 |
| Phonetic component | 謠 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 遙 |
| Old Chinese | /*lew/ |
| Notes | 傜分化字見韓非子， 廣韻集韻只作傜此見玉篇 |

### Definitions

徭
* (literary) forced labor; corvee
    徭役 ― yáoyì ― corvee
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 瑤 / 瑶 (yáo, “Yao people”)

### Compounds

* 徭役 (yáoyì)
* 徭戍
* 徭稅 / 徭税
* 徭賦 / 徭赋
* 輕徭薄稅 / 轻徭薄税
* 輕徭薄賦 / 轻徭薄赋

### References

* ↑ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-UP Finals (> 86. to Work, Cultivate)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 40

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): よう (yō)
* Kun: えだち (edachi)

## Korean
### Hanja

徭 • (yo) (hangeul 요, revised yo, McCune–Reischauer yo, Yale yo)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

徭: Hán Nôm readings: diêu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation