# 乑

| 乑 | U+4E51, &#20049; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E51 |
| ← 乐 [U+4E50] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 乒 → [U+4E52] |

## Translingual
### Han character

乑 (Kangxi radical 4, 丿+5, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人竹竹人 (OHHO), four-corner 2090$_2$, composition ⿸⿹亻𰀪⿺㇏丿)

#### Derived characters

* 𡘎, 𭽖, 衆, 𤲄, 𠹩, 𭮚, 𩂢, 聚, 𢍒, 𨴖, 𣽍

#### Related characters

* 㐺 (Variant form of 乑)
* 众 (Variant form of 乑 and 眾)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 82, character 15
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 139
* Dae Jaweon: page 166, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 38, character 5
* Unihan data for U+4E51

## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Glyph origin

Pictogram (象形): 人 (“human”) + 人 + 人 – many humans are standing.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yín (yin$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jam$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yín
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yín
*** Wade–Giles: yin$^2$
*** Yale: yín
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yn
*** Palladius: инь (inʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /in³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jam$^4$
*** Yale: yàhm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yem$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐm²¹/
* Middle Chinese: ngim
Rime :
| Character | 乑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 魚金切 |
| Baxter | ngim |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋˠiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋᵚim/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋiem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋjim/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋjəm/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭĕm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋi̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yín |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ngam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋrɯm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 乑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15272 |
| Phonetic component | 乑 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 吟 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋrɯm/ |

#### Definitions

乑
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) appearance of crowd standing

#### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), N00150

### Etymology 2
#### Definitions

* For pronunciation and definitions of 乑 – see 攀 (“to climb upwards; to clamber; to pull; to cling to; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 攀).

#### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01703-036

### Etymology 3
#### Definitions

* For pronunciation and definitions of 乑 – see 眾 (“masses; people; multitude; crowd; everyone; everything; all matters; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 眾).

#### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02772-007

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ごん (gon)
* Kan-on: ぎん (gin)
* Kun: ならびたつ (narabitatsu, 乑つ)
As a variant of 攀:
* Go-on: はん (han)
* Kan-on: はん (han)
* Kun: よじる (yojiru, 乑じる)
As a variant of 衆/眾:
* Go-on: しゅ (shu)
* Kan-on: しゅう (shū)

### References

* 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大漢和辞典 (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, “Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.

## Korean
### Hanja

乑 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.