# alveolus
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin alveolus (“a small hollow or cavity”), diminutive of alveus (“a hollow, cavity”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌal.viˈəʊ.ləs/, /alˈviː.əl.əs/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ælˈvi.əl.əs/
* Rhymes: -iːələs

### Noun

alveolus (plural alveoli)
* A small cavity or pit.
** (anatomy) Any of the many tiny air sacs in the lungs in which the bronchioles terminate and where oxygen and carbon dioxide are rapidly exchanged with the pulmonary capillaries.
    Synonym: pulmonary alveolus
** (anatomy, dentistry) The bony socket in which the root of a tooth resides.
    Synonyms: dental alveolus, tooth socket
** (anatomy) An acinus (saclike cavity) in a gland.
*** 1997, Comprehensive Toxicology: Reproductive and endocrine toxicology, page 258:The sprouts proliferate and canalize to form the lactiferous ducts and the outbuddings form the alveoli of the mammary glands.
** (entomology) The socket of a macrotrichium (seta).

#### Derived terms

* alveolar
* alveolate
* alveolation
* alveoliform
* alveolitis
* alveolo-

#### Translations
### References

* “alveolus”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* “alveolus”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
* “alveolus”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “alveolus”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From English alveolus, from Latin alveolus, a diminutive of alveus (“a tray, trough, basin”), from alvus (“the belly, the stomach, bowels, womb, etc.”).

### Pronunciation

* (standard) IPA: [al.veˈo.lʊs]
* (common) IPA: [al.feˈo.lʊs]
* Hyphenation: al‧vé‧o‧lus

### Noun

alvéolus (uncountable)
* alveolus,
** (anatomy, pulmonology) A small air sac in the lungs, where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood.
** (anatomy, dentistry) A dental alveolus (tooth socket): the socket in which a tooth resides.

#### Alternative forms

* alveola

### Further reading

* “alveolus” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Etymology

From alveus (“a hollow, cavity”) +‎ -olus (diminutive nominal suffix).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /alˈu̯e.o.lus/, [äɫ̪ˈu̯eɔɫ̪ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /alˈve.o.lus/, [älˈvɛːolus]

### Noun

alveolus m (genitive alveolī); second declension
* diminutive of alveus:
** a small hollow or cavity
** a tray, trough, basin
** (board games) a small gaming board upon which the dice are thrown
** a small channel of a river
** (weaving) a weaver's shuttle (from its shape)
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

#### Inflection

Second-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* alveolātus (adjective)
* alveolāris (adjective)

#### Related terms

* alveus

#### Descendants

* → Albanian: nullë
* → Catalan: alvèol
* → English: alveolus
* → French: alvéole
* Irish: ailbheolas
* → Italian: alveolo
* → Portuguese: alvéolo
* → Romanian: alveolă
* → Russian: альвео́ла (alʹveóla)
* → Spanish: alvéolo
* → Venetan: alvèolo, albòl
* Vulgar Latin: *albiolus, *albiola
** Italian: albiolo
** Romanian: albioară

### References

* “alveolus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “alveolus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* alveolus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* alveolus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* alveolus in D. P. Simpson, Cassell's Latin Dictionary, Wiley Publishing, 1968