# original
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English original, from Old French original, from Late Latin orīginālis (“primitive, original”), from Latin orīgō (“beginning, source, origin”); see origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪnəl/, /əˈɹɪd͡ʒənəl/, /əˈɹɪd͡ʒnəl/
* Audio (US):(file)
* (obsolete) IPA: /ɒˈɹɪd͡ʒɪnəl/
* Hyphenation: ori‧gi‧nal, orig‧i‧nal

### Adjective

original (comparative more original, superlative most original)
* (not comparable) Relating to the origin or beginning; preceding all others.
    the original state of mankind;  the original laws of a country;  the original inventor of a process
** 1944, Miles Burton, chapter 5, in The Three Corpse Trick‎, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL:The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of rank weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.
* (not comparable) First in a series of copies or versions.
    Synonym: initial
    The original manuscript contained spelling errors which were fixed in later versions.
    This recording is by the original broadway cast.
** 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 1, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:The original family who had begun to build a palace to rival Nonesuch had died out before they had put up little more than the gateway, […].
* (not comparable) Newly created.
    Tonight we will hear an original work by one of our best composers.
* (comparable) Fresh, different.
    The paper contains a number of original ideas about color perception.
* (not comparable) Pioneering.
    Parker was one of the original bebop players.
* (not comparable) Having a specified place or time as its origin.
    This kind of barbecue is original to North Carolina.
* (of a potato chip) Seasoned with salt but no other flavoring; ready salted

#### Synonyms

* autograph
* prototype

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “first in a series”):
** copy, reproduction, simile (imitation)
** derivative (branch)
** ultimate (last, extreme)

#### Derived terms

* book of original entry
* co-original
* in the original German
* original antigenic sin
* original aspect ratio
* original as sin
* original character
* original depravity
* original fic
* original jurisdiction
* originally
* original package doctrine
* original righteousness
* original sin
* series original

#### Related terms

* aboriginal
* origin
* originality
* originate
* originative

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: オリジナル (orijinaru)
* → Malay: original

#### Translations
### Noun

original (plural originals)
* An object or other creation (e.g. narrative work) from which all later copies and variations are derived.
    Synonym: prototype
    Antonyms: copy, derivative, remake, reproduction, ultimate
    Hyponym: autograph
    This manuscript is the original.
* A person with a unique and interesting personality or creative talent.
** 1700, Tom Brown, Amusements Serious and Comical, calculated for the Meridian of London, page 5:I have a great mind to be in Print; but above all, I would fain be an Original, and that is a true Comical Thought: When all the Learned Men in the World are but Tranſlators, is it not a Pleaſant Jeſt, that you ſhould ſtrive to be an Original! You ſhould have obſerved your Time, and have come into the World with the Ancient Greeks for that purpoſe; for the Latines themſelves are but Copies.
** 1975, The Educational Trends, volumes 10-14, page 59:Ahmad (1969) studied the personality differences among middle school girls identified as originals and unoriginals on the Minnesota's test of creative thinking.
** 2010, A. Kusuma, Creativity and Cognitive Styles in Children, page 73:The originals or the creatives were more dominant than the unoriginals or the low creatives.
* (archaic) An eccentric person.
** 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 201:‘Are you an alienist?’ I interrupted. ‘Every doctor should be - a little,’ answered that original, imperturbably.
* A newly designed garment released by a fashion designer as part of a collection.
** 1962, “It's Fashion fair time again”, in Ebony, volume 17, number 11, page 126:Fashion Fair will give every section first hand knowledge of the latest originals and 1962-63's exciting trends.
** 1963, National Retail Merchants Association. Sales Promotion Division, The NRMA Sales Promotion Encyclopedia, Vol. II., page 175:One such show was built around the Du Pont spring collection of Paris originals.
* A ridgeling.

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: オリジナル (orijinaru)
* → Korean: 오리지널 (orijineol)

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Jespersen, Otto (1909) A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles (Sammlung germanischer Elementar- und Handbücher; 9)‎, volumes I: Sounds and Spellings, London: George Allen & Unwin, published 1961, § 13.28, page 362.

### Further reading

* “original”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “original”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin orīginālis. First attested in the 14th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [u.ɾi.ʒiˈnal]
* IPA: (Balearic) [o.ɾi.ʒiˈnal]
* IPA: (Valencia) [o.ɾi.d͡ʒiˈnal]
* Audio (Barcelona):(file)

### Adjective

original m or f (masculine and feminine plural originals)
* original

#### Derived terms

* originalitat
* originalment

#### Related terms

* origen

### References

* ↑ “original”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

### Further reading

* “original” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “original” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “original” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Danish
### Adjective

original (neuter originalt, plural and definite singular attributive originale)
* original

### Noun

original c (singular definite originalen, plural indefinite originaler)
* an original

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “original” in Den Danske Ordbog
* “original” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin orīginālis. Doublet of originel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ.ʁi.ʒi.nal/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: originale, originales

### Adjective

original (feminine originale, masculine plural originaux, feminine plural originales)
* original
    Antonyms: banal, copié, reproduit, vulgaire

#### Related terms

* en original
* originaire
* originalité
* origine
* originel

### Noun

original m (plural originaux)
* an unusual or eccentric person
    Synonym: drôle d’oiseau
* an original manuscript
    Synonym: autographe

### Further reading

* “original”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## German
### Etymology

Borrowed from French original, from Old French original, from Late Latin orīginālis (“primitive, original”), from Latin orīgō (“beginning, source, origin”). Doublet of originell.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /oʁiɡiˈnaːl/
* Rhymes: -aːl
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

original (strong nominative masculine singular originaler, comparative originaler, superlative am originalsten)
* original

#### Related terms

* Original n
* Originalität

### Adverb

original
* (colloquial, intensifier) really, actually
    Synonyms: echt, wirklich
** 1997, Alexa Hennig von Lange, chapter 1, in Relax‎:Wo ist jetzt diese verdammte Schachtel? Hier finde ich original nichts wieder.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Further reading

* “original” in Duden online
* “original” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* ori (clipping)

### Etymology

Borrowed from English original, from Middle English original, from Old French original, from Late Latin orīginālis (“primitive, original”), from Latin orīgō (“beginning, source, origin”).

### Pronunciation

* (English-based) IPA: [ɔ.ri.d͡ʒi.nəl]
** Rhymes: -nəl, -əl
* (Baku) IPA: [ɔ.ri.ɡi.nal]
** Rhymes: -nal, -al
* Hyphenation: o‧ri‧gi‧nal

### Adjective

original (Jawi spelling اوريݢينل)
* (informal) Not fake; original.
    Synonyms: asli, tulen
    Antonym: tiruan

### Further reading

* “original” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* oryginall, origynall, orygynal, orygynall, origynal, oryginal, oregynall, originalle, originall

### Etymology

From Old French original, from Late Latin orīginālis; equivalent to origyne +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔriɡiˈnaːl/, /ɔriɡiˈnal/, /ɔriːɡiˈnal/

### Adjective

original (plural and weak singular originale)
* original, primordial; preceding everything else
* connected to the origin or beginning of something

#### Derived terms

* originali

#### Descendants

* English: original
* Scots: original, oreeginal

#### References

* “orī̆ǧinā̆l(e, adj.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-26.

### Noun

original (plural originals) (Late Middle English)
* the origin, lineage, or provenance of something
* the authoritative, authorial, or primordial version of a work or source
* (rare) something that isn't living or artificial; a primordial element
* (rare) a reason, factor, or generator of something
* (rare) the root or etymological ancestor of a word
* (rare, religion) the making of the universe
* (rare, law) a legal document beginning legal action

#### Derived terms

* originali

#### Descendants

* English: original
* Scots: original, oreeginal

#### References

* “orī̆ǧinā̆l(e, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-26.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Latin orīginālis; the noun being derived from the adjective.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

original (neuter singular originalt, definite singular and plural originale)
* original

### Noun

original m (definite singular originalen, indefinite plural originaler, definite plural originalene)
* an original

### References

* “original” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Latin orīginālis; the noun being derived from the adjective.

### Adjective

original (neuter singular originalt, definite singular and plural originale)
* original

### Noun

original m (definite singular originalen, indefinite plural originalar, definite plural originalane)
* an original

### References

* “original” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Occitan
### Etymology

From Latin orīginālis.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Languedoc):(file)

### Adjective

original m (feminine singular originala, masculine plural originals, feminine plural originalas)
* original

#### Derived terms

* originalitat
* originalament

#### Related terms

* origina

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin orīginālis.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /o.ɾi.ʒiˈnaw/ [o.ɾi.ʒiˈnaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɔ.ɾi.ʒiˈnal/ [ɔ.ɾi.ʒiˈnaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɔ.ɾi.ʒiˈnal/ [ɔ.ɾi.ʒiˈnaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɔ.ɾi.ʒiˈna.li/
* Audio (Northern Portugal):(file)
* Hyphenation: o‧ri‧gi‧nal

### Adjective

original m or f (plural originais)
* original (relating to the origin or beginning)
* original (being the first in a series)
* original (different; unique)

#### Derived terms

* originalidade
* originalmente

#### Related terms

* origem

### Further reading

* “original”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “original”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin originalis or French original. By surface analysis, origine +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

original m or n (feminine singular originală, masculine plural originali, feminine and neuter plural originale)
* original

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /oriɡǐnaːl/
* Hyphenation: o‧ri‧gi‧nal

### Noun

origìnāl m (Cyrillic spelling оригѝна̄л)
* original
    Antonym: falsifikat

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin orīginālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /oɾixiˈnal/ [o.ɾi.xiˈnal]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: o‧ri‧gi‧nal

### Adjective

original m or f (masculine and feminine plural originales)
* original

#### Derived terms

* originalidad
* originalmente
* pecado original

#### Related terms

* origen
* originar
* originario

### Further reading

* “original”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

original n
* an original
* an eccentric or strange person (from notion of a one of a kind)
    Nisse är ett riktigt originalNisse is a real "one of a kind" (odd person)

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | original | originals |
| singular | definite | originalet | originalets |
| plural | indefinite | original | originals |
| plural | definite | originalen | originalens |

#### Related terms

* originell

### References

* original in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* original in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* original in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)