# 曙

| 曙 | U+66D9, &#26329; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66D9 |
| ← 曘 [U+66D8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 曚 → [U+66DA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

曙 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 日田中日 (AWLA), four-corner 6606$_4$, composition ⿰日署)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 501, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14220
* Dae Jaweon: page 871, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1538, character 9
* Unihan data for U+66D9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 觰 | *rtaːʔ, *rtaː |
| 諸 | *tjaː, *tja |
| 者 | *tjaːʔ |
| 堵 | *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ |
| 赭 | *tjaːʔ |
| 撦 | *l̥ʰjaːʔ |
| 扯 | *tʰjaːʔ |
| 闍 | *djaː, *taː |
| 奢 | *hljaː |
| 鍺 | *toːlʔ |
| 都 | *taː |
| 醏 | *taː |
| 覩 | *taːʔ |
| 睹 | *taːʔ |
| 暏 | *taːʔ |
| 賭 | *taːʔ |
| 帾 | *taːʔ |
| 楮 | *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 屠 | *daː, *da |
| 瘏 | *daː |
| 廜 | *daː |
| 鷵 | *daː |
| 緒 | *ljaʔ |
| 豬 | *ta |
| 猪 | *ta |
| 瀦 | *ta |
| 藸 | *ta, *da |
| 櫫 | *ta |
| 褚 | *taʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 著 | *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ |
| 箸 | *tas, *das |
| 儲 | *da |
| 躇 | *da |
| 櫧 | *tja |
| 藷 | *tja, *djas |
| 蠩 | *tja |
| 煮 | *tjaʔ |
| 渚 | *tjaʔ |
| 煑 | *tjaʔ |
| 陼 | *tjaʔ |
| 翥 | *tjas |
| 署 | *djas |
| 薯 | *djas |
| 曙 | *djas |
| 書 | *hlja |
| 暑 | *hjaʔ |
| 鐯 | *taɡ |
| 擆 | *taɡ |
| 櫡 | *taɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *djas) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 暑 (OC *hjaʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shǔ (shu$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cyu$^5$ / syu$^5$ / syu$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sú / sí / sìr / sír
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shǔ
*** Wade–Giles: shu$^3$
*** Yale: shǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuu
*** Palladius: шу (šu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂu²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cyu$^5$ / syu$^5$ / syu$^6$
*** Yale: chyúh / syúh / syuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsy$^5$ / sy$^5$ / sy$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qu$^5$ / xu$^5$ / xu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰyː¹³/, /syː¹³/, /syː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sú
*** Tâi-lô: sú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: suo
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /su⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /su⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /su⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sí
*** Tâi-lô: sí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sie
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /si⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr
*** Tâi-lô: sìr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sír
*** Tâi-lô: sír
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
* Quanzhou:
** sú, sír - colloquial variants.
* Middle Chinese: dzyoH
Rime :
| Character | 曙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 常恕切 |
| Baxter | dzyoH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑɨʌ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɔ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑiɔ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑɨə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiɔ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭo$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʑi̯wo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | syu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*djas/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 曙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17011 |
| Phonetic component | 者 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 署 |
| Old Chinese | /*djas/ |

### Definitions

曙
* daybreak; dawn

### Compounds

* 一曙
* 一線曙光 / 一线曙光
* 分宵達曙 / 分宵达曙
* 向曙
* 徹曙 / 彻曙
* 戒曙
* 拂曙
* 啟曙 / 启曙
* 昏曙
* 曙光 (shǔguāng)
* 曙光乍現 / 曙光乍现
* 曙天
* 曙影
* 曙後星孤 / 曙后星孤
* 曙斗
* 曙日
* 曙星
* 曙暉 / 曙晖
* 曙更
* 曙月
* 曙河 (shǔhé)
* 曙然
* 曙煙 / 曙烟
* 曙色 (shǔsè)
* 曙華 / 曙华
* 曙角
* 曙鐘 / 曙钟
* 曙雞 / 曙鸡
* 曙霞
* 曙風 / 曙风
* 曙體 / 曙体
* 曙鼓
* 清曙
* 煙曙 / 烟曙
* 爽曙
* 犁曙
* 發曙 / 发曙
* 破曙
* 連宵徹曙 / 连宵彻曙
* 連昏達曙 / 连昏达曙
* 通曙
* 逼曙
* 達曙 / 达曙
* 遲曙 / 迟曙
* 邌曙
* 開曙 / 开曙
* 霞曙

### References

* “曙”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 曙 |
| Kyūjitai | 曙󠄁 曙+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 曙󠄃 曙+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* dawn
* daybreak

#### Readings

* Go-on: じょ (jo)
* Kan-on: しょ (sho)
* Kun: あかつき (akatsuki, 曙)、あけぼの (akebono, 曙)、あける (akeru, 曙ける)
* Nanori: あきら (akira)、あけ (ake)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 曙
* あけぼの Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
Compound of 明け (ake, “brighten”) +‎ 仄 (hono, “faint”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あけぼの [àkébónó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [a̠ke̞bo̞no̞]

### Noun

曙(あけぼの) • (akebono)
* dawn (the time when night fades and the morning faintly brightens)
** Sei Shōnagon, The Pillow Book
    春(はる)はあけぼの。やうやうしろくなり行く、山(やま)ぎはすこしあかりて、むらさきだちたる雲(くも)のほそくたなびきたる。
       haru wa akebono. yōyō shiroku nariyuku, yamagiwa sukoshi akarite, murasakidachitaru kumo no hosoku tanabikitaru.
       In spring, the dawn – when the slowly paling mountain rim is tinged with red, and wisps of faintly crimson-purple cloud float in the sky

#### Synonyms

* See Thesaurus:明け方

### References

* ↑ “曙”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 曙 (MC dzyoH). Recorded as Middle Korean 셔〯 (syě) (Yale: sye) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 曙 (eumhun 새벽 서 (saebyeok seo))
* hanja form of 서 (“dawn”)

#### Compounds

* 서경 (曙景, seogyeong, “a view at dawn”)
* 서광 (曙光, seogwang, “dawn”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

曙: Hán Nôm readings: thự
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation