# 湘

| 湘 | U+6E58, &#28248; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E58 |
| ← 湗 [U+6E57] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 湙 → [U+6E59] |

## Translingual
### Han character

湘 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水木月山 (EDBU), four-corner 3610$_0$, composition ⿰氵相)

#### Derived characters

* 𩅪

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 637, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17842
* Dae Jaweon: page 1044, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1670, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6E58

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 湘 :
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 相 | *slaŋ, *slaŋs |
| 廂 | *slaŋ |
| 湘 | *slaŋ |
| 緗 | *slaŋ |
| 箱 | *slaŋ |
| 葙 | *slaŋ |
| 想 | *slaŋʔ |
| 霜 | *sraŋ |
| 孀 | *sraŋ |
| 鸘 | *sraŋ |
| 驦 | *sraŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *slaŋ) : semantic 水 + phonetic 相 (OC *slaŋ, *slaŋs).

### Etymology
#### “Short for Hunan”

    Named after the Xiang River.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Xiāng (Xiang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): soeng$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhiang$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): xiong$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Siông
    (Hailu, HRS): siong$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): xiong$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): Sióng
* Eastern Min (BUC): Siŏng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): syong$^1$ / syeng$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Siong / Siang
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siang$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$shian
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sian$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Xiāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Siang
*** Wade–Giles: Hsiang$^1$
*** Yale: Syāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shiang
*** Palladius: Сян (Sjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^1$
*** Yale: sēung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lhiang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiaŋ³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: xiong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiɔŋ⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Siông
*** Hakka Romanization System: xiong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xiong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /si̯oŋ²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: siong$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /sioŋ⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: xiong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Sióng
*** Sinological IPA : /siɔŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Siŏng
*** Sinological IPA : /suoŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: syong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬyɒŋ⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: syeng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬyøŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siong
*** Tâi-lô: Siong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siofng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siang
*** Tâi-lô: Siang
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siafng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siang
*** Sinological IPA : /siaŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$shian
*** MiniDict: shian$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$xian
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiã⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: sian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /si̯æn³³/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /ɕi̯æn³³/
* Middle Chinese: sjang
Rime :
| Character | 湘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 息良切 |
| Baxter | sjang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /siɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɨaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /siaŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭaŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯aŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | soeng$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*slaŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 湘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13581 |
| Phonetic component | 相 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 襄 |
| Old Chinese | /*slaŋ/ |

### Definitions

湘
* (～江, ～水) Xiang River, an affluent of Dongting Lake
* Short for 湖南 (Húnán, “Hunan, a province of China.”).
* Xiang; Xiang Chinese
    湘語／湘语 ― xiāngyǔ ― Xiang (variety of Chinese)

### Compounds

* 湘口 (Xiāngkǒu)
* 湘君
* 湘夫人
* 湘妃
* 湘妃竹 (xiāngfēizhú)
* 湘娥
* 湘戲 / 湘戏
* 湘東 / 湘东 (Xiāngdōng)
* 湘江 (Xiāng Jiāng)
* 湘江竹
* 湘潭 (Xiāngtán)
* 湘竹 (xiāngzhú)
* 湘簾 / 湘帘
* 湘繡 / 湘绣
* 湘纍 / 湘累
* 湘蓮 / 湘莲 (xiānglián)
* 湘裙
* 湘語 / 湘语 (xiāngyǔ)
* 湘軍 / 湘军
* 湘鄉 / 湘乡 (Xiāngxiāng)
* 湘鄉派 / 湘乡派
* 湘靈 / 湘灵
* 瀟湘 / 潇湘 (Xiāoxiāng)
* 瀟湘八景 / 潇湘八景
* 瀟湘雨 / 潇湘雨
* 灕湘 / 漓湘

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): しょう (shō)、そう (sō)
* Kun: にる (niru)

## Korean
### Hanja

湘 (eumhun 강 이름 상 (gang ireum sang))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

湘: Hán Nôm readings: tương
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.