# لاجورد
## Chagatai
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian لاجورد.

### Noun

لاجورد (transliteration needed)
* lapis lazuli
* azure

#### Descendants

* Uyghur: لاجىۋەرد (lajiwerd)
* Uzbek: lojuvard

### References
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian لاجورد (lâjvard, “lapis lazuli”).

### Noun

لاجورد • (lâcverd, laciverd)
* lapis lazuli, a deep-blue stone, used in making jewelry
* azure, the blue colour of the sky on a clear day
    azure:

#### Derived terms

* لاجوردی (lâcverdi, laciverdi, “of the color of lapis lazuli”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: lacivert
* → Armenian: լաճիվէրտ (lačivērt) — Constantinople

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “lacivert”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2922
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “لاجورد”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 409a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “لاجورد”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1071
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Cyanus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 318
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “لاجورد”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 4127
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “lacivert”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “لاجورد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1619

## Pashto
### Noun

لاجورد • (transliteration needed) ?
* (mineralogy) lapis lazuli

### Further reading
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* لاژورد (lâžvard, lâžavard)
* لازورد (lâzvard, lâzavard)

### Etymology

Usually considered to be from the place name لاژورد (Lāžvard) in Badakhshan where the stone was mined.
The first component, لاژ, is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green”) and cognate to Old Irish glas.
But according to Bailey, the second component goes back to Proto-Iranian *varta- (“stone”) and is cognate with Wakhi wurt (“stone”), Northern Kurdish ber (“stone”), Central Kurdish بەرد (berd, “stone”), Northern Luri بٱرد (bard, “stone”), Khotanese [script needed] (ūḍāra-, “crystal”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to press together”), for which Pokorny cites Ancient Greek εἴλω (eílō, “to roll up, pack close”), Latin vulgus (“the public; a crowd”), and Proto-Slavic *vȃlъ (“roll; wave; barrage, heap”) as cognates.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [lɑːd͡ʒ.ˈwaɾð], [lɑː.d͡ʒa.ˈwaɾð]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [lɑːd͡ʒ.wǽɹd̪], [lɑː.d͡ʒä.wǽɹd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [lɑːd͡ʒ.wǽɹd̪], [lɑː.d͡ʒä.wǽɹd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [lɑːd͡ʒ.wǽɹd̪], [lɑː.d͡ʒä.wǽɹd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [lɔːd͡ʒ.wǽɹd̪̥], [lɔː.d͡ʒä.wǽɹd̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [lɒːd͡ʒ.vǽɹd̪̥], [lɒː.d͡ʒe.vǽɹd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [lɔd͡ʒ.vǽɹd̪], [lɔ.d͡ʒä.vǽɹd̪]

### Noun

لاجورد • (lâjvard, lâjavard)
* (mineralogy) lapis lazuli
** 982, Hudūd al-'Ālam
    و اندر بدخشان معدن سیم است و زر و بیجاده و لاجورد.va andar badaxšân ma'dan-i sêm ast u zar u bîjâda u lâjavard.and in Badakhshan there are mines of silver, gold, ruby, and lapis lazuli.
* azure, lapis lazuli (color)
    Synonym: لاجوردی (lâjvardi)

#### Derived terms

* لاجوردی (lâjvardi)

#### Descendants

* Malay: lazuardi (لازواردي)
** Indonesian: lazuardi
* Tajik: ложвард (ložvard), лоҷвард (lojvard), лоҷувард (lojuvard)
* → Arabic: لَازَوَرْد (lāzaward)
** →⇒ Byzantine Greek: λαζούριον (lazoúrion), λαζούριν (lazoúrin)
*** Greek: λαζούρι (lazoúri), λαζούριον (lazoúrion)
*** →⇒ Coptic: ⲁ̀ⲥⲓⲗⲱⲛ (àsilōn)
** → Medieval Latin: lazulum, lapis lazuli, lazurius, lazurium, lazur, azzurum, azura, azolum
*** → English: lapis lazuli
*** → Italian: azzurro
*** → Middle High German: lāsūr, lāzūr
**** German: Lazur
**** → Czech: lazur
**** → Polish: lazur
***** → Russian: лазу́рь (lazúrʹ)
*** → Old French: azur
**** French: azur
**** → Middle English: asure, asur, asour, azur, azour, azure
***** English: azure
***** Scots: asure
***** → Welsh: asur
**** → Portuguese: azur
**** → Spanish: azur
*** → Old Galician-Portuguese: azur
**** Galician: azul
**** Portuguese: azul
*** → Old Spanish: azur
**** Spanish: azul
* → Azerbaijani: lacivərd
* → Chagatai: لاجورد
** Uyghur: لاجىۋەرد (lajiwerd)
** Uzbek: lojuvard
* → Classical Syriac: ܠܐܙܘܪܕ (lāʾzward), ܠܙܘܪܕ (lāzward)
* → English: lajvard
* → Georgian: ლაჟვარდი (lažvardi), ლაჟვარდოვანი (lažvardovani)
* → Gujarati: લાજવર્દ (lājvard)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: लाजवर्द (lājvard)
    Urdu: لاجورد (lājavard, lājvard), لاژورد (lāžuvard, lāžvard)
** → English: lajward
* → Kurdish:
** Central Kurdish: لاجەوەرد (lacewerd), لاجیوەرد (lacîwerd)
** Northern Kurdish: lacwerd, laciwerd, lajwerd, lajiwerd
* → Middle Armenian: լազուարթ (lazuartʻ), լազվարդ (lazvard), լազուվարդ (lazuvard), լազուարդ (lazuard), լազուար (lazuar), լաժուարդ (lažuard), լաժուրդ (lažurd), լաջուարդ (laǰuard), լաջվարդ (laǰvard), լաճվարդ (lačvard), լաճվարտ (lačvart), լաճիվարդ (lačivard), լաճուարտ (lačuart),
** Armenian: լաջվարդ (laǰvard)
* → Ottoman Turkish: لاجورد (lâceverd), لاژورد (lâjverd)
** Turkish: lacivert
* → Punjabi:
** Gurmukhi script: ਲਾਜਵਰਦ (lājward)
** Shahmukhi script: لاجورد (lājward)
* → Sanskrit: राजावर्त (rājāvarta), लाजवर्त (lājavarta), राजपट्ट (rājapaṭṭa)
** → Sogdian: 𐽀𐼰𐼿𐼱𐽀𐽂 (rʾcβrt /⁠rājβart⁠/), [script needed] (rʾzβrt /⁠rājwart⁠/, “Rajwart (name of the king of elephants)”)
** → Tocharian A: rājavart
*** → Old Uyghur: 𐽾𐽴𐽰𐽱𐽾𐾀 (rzʾβrt /⁠razavart⁠/)
** → Tocharian B: rājawat

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “լազուարթ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 256–257
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “³u̯el-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1138
* Bailey, H. W. (1979) “ūḍāra-”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 36b
* Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 1311, page 104b
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 51
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 427

## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian لاجورد.

### Noun

لاجْوَرْد • (lājvard) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਲਾਜਵਰਦ)
* (mineralogy) lapis lazuli
* azure (color)

#### Related terms

* لاجْوَرْدِی (lājvardī)

## Sindhi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian لاجورد.

### Noun

لاجَوَرْدُ • (lājavardu) ?
* (mineralogy) lapis lazuli
* azure (color)

### Further reading

* Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “لاجَوَرْدُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
* “لاجورد”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian لاجورد.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /lɑːd͡ʒ.ʋəɾd̪/

### Noun

لاجْوَرْد • (lājvard) m (Hindi spelling लाजवर्द)
* (mineralogy) lapis lazuli
* azure (color)

#### Related terms

* لاجوردی (lājvardī)

### Further reading

* “لاجورد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.