# trans
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɹænz/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ænz

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin trāns (“on the other side of”). Doublet of très.

#### Adjective

trans (not comparable)
* (physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a double bond in which the greater radical on both ends is on the opposite side of the bond.
** 1973, Kert F. Ivie, The Effect of Peroxidase on Model Systems of Lipoxidase and Linoleic Acid:A series of one electron shifts in this complex establish a new trans double bond at carbon ll which transfers the hydrogen to oxygen, forming the hydroperoxide and liberating the enzyme.
** 2015, William P Edwards, The Science of Bakery Products, Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 26:A cis double bond is one where the hydrogen atoms are both on the same side. In contrast, a trans double bond has them on the opposite side.
* (physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a coordination compound in which the two instances of a particular ligand are on opposite sides of the central atom.
    The trans effect is the labilization of ligands which are trans to certain other ligands.
* (cytology) Of the side of the Golgi apparatus farther from the endoplasmic reticulum.

##### Usage notes

Compare trans- and its usage notes.

##### Antonyms

* cis

##### Derived terms

* all-trans retinoic acid
* cis-trans
* cis-trans isomer
* cis-trans isomerism
* s-trans
* trans effect
* trans fat
* trans fatty acid
* transplatin

### Etymology 2

Clipping of transgender or transsexual (ultimately from Latin trāns).

#### Adjective

trans (not comparable)
* Transgender or transsexual.
** 2018 May 30, Shon Faye, The Guardian‎:Last week, a study released in Belgium suggested that trans people’s brains – including those of trans children – more closely matched those belonging to other members of the gender they identified with than with members of the gender associated with their sex at birth.
* Alternative form of trans* (“having any gender identity other than cisgender”)

##### Usage notes

Compare trans- and its usage notes; see also trans*.

##### Derived terms

* T4T
* trans bash
* trans bashing
* transbian
* trans broken arm syndrome
* trans community
* trans cult
* trans female
* trans girl
* trans guy
* trans lesbian
* trans male
* trans man; trans woman; trans girl; trans person
* transness
* trans panic defense
* trans patient
* trans the gay away
* transtrender
* trans widow
* trans womanhood
* trans womyn

##### Related terms

* transgender
* transsexual
* transvestite

##### See also

* LGBTQ2
* LGBTQI
* LGBTQ
* LGBT
* non-binary

#### Noun

trans (plural transes)
* (informal, sometimes offensive, sometimes humorous) A trans person.
** 2001 November 23, D a#344, “TS out and proud compensation for passabilty?”, in alt.support.srs (Usenet):Good thing about Thanksgiving with the transes is you don;t need to explain your need to dialate in the middle of a movie. ; ) Dana a#344.

##### Derived terms

* baby trans

#### Verb

trans (third-person singular simple present transes, present participle transing, simple past and past participle transed)
* (transitive, chiefly humorous or social sciences) To cause to cross from one side to another of (gender, sex or similar).
** 2012, Trystan Cotten, Transgender Migrations: The Bodies, Borders, and Politics of Transition, →ISBN:[…] as they interact with bodies transing gender (and other) borders and spaces.
** 2012, Finn Enke, Transfeminist Perspectives in and beyond Transgender and Gender Studies, →ISBN, pages 4 and 20:Although they did so in sometimes very different ways and in different communities, transsexuals, drag queens, butch lesbians, cross-dressers, feminine men, and masculine women all in some senses crossed, or transed, gender[.] […] People who trans gender as well as people who do not may receive cis-privileges, and people who do not intentionally trans gender as well as people who do are denied cis-privileges if they fail to pass (or pass enough) in the sex/gender they are expected to be.
* (transitive, Internet slang, offensive or humorous) To render (someone) transgender.
    Synonym: trans someone's gender
    doctors accused of transing kids
* (intransitive, Internet slang, offensive or humorous) To become transgender.
** 2023 January 5, @WingsScotland, Twitter‎:They thought of that. The proposals make an exception for "affirmative" practices. You can say yes to your kid transing, but not no.

##### Derived terms

* peak trans

### Etymology 3

Clipping.

#### Noun

trans (plural transes)
* Clipping of transaction.
* Clipping of transmission.
** 1998 May 14, Gary S. Callison, “Trans change (was: Something I just deleted and forgot)”, in alt.fan.cecil-adams (Usenet):Most of the transes I've seen die started out by losing a gear, usually the high one. If this happens to you, first check the trans fluid level, *then* panic.
** 2005 September 13, Richard, Re: Valvoline Transmission Fluid ATF+3 Chrysler Approved?, rec.autos.makers.chrysler, Usenet, quoting another user:
    If there really had been a difference and the transes were so forgiving as to be able to tolerate it, then cheaper alternatives like Lubeguard and […]

### Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

trans
* plural of tran

### References

* “trans”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* trans in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
* “trans”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* Ranst, ranst, rants, snart, starn, tRNAs, tarns, trnas

## Chinese
### Alternative forms

* tran

### Etymology

Clipping of English transfer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃɹaːns²²/

### Verb

trans
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) to transfer
    trans科 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― trans fo$^1$ [Jyutping] ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
** 2021, “無光朔夜裏走過的路”, in 學苑‎, 二零二一年第一回 [Volume 1, 2021], 《渡》, page 35:
       lo$^4$ bun$^2$ loi$^4$ sau$^1$ duk$^6$ tung$^1$ sik$^1$ gaau$^3$ juk$^6$, ging$^1$ “trans fo$^1$ (zik$^1$ zyun$^3$ wun$^6$ zyu$^2$ sau$^1$ fo$^1$ muk$^6$)” hau$^6$, gam$^1$ nin$^4$ si$^6$ zing$^3$ zing$^3$ hai$^6$ jat$^1$ nin$^4$ kap$^1$ sang$^1$. [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Noun

trans
* Short for transaction.
* trans, transgender

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtrans]

### Noun

trans m inan
* trance

#### Declension
## Esperanto
### Etymology

Derived from Latin trāns (“across, beyond”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂- (“through, throughout, over”). Doublet of tra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [trans]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: trans

### Preposition

trans
* across, on the other side of
* over

#### Antonyms

* cis (“on this side of”)
* maltrans (“on this side of”)

#### See also

* apud (“beside”)

## Finnish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from English trans, a clipping of English transgender.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtrɑns/, [ˈt̪rɑ̝ns̠]
* Rhymes: -ɑns
* Hyphenation: trans

### Adjective

trans (not comparable)
* trans, transgender
    Synonyms: transsukupuolinen, (dated) transseksuaalinen

#### Usage notes

The adjective is mostly used predicatively. When an attribute, it is usually prefixed, so that *trans mies becomes transmies (“transman”).

#### Declension

Indeclinable.

#### See also

* transseksuaali
* transu

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʁɑ̃s/
* Rhymes: -ɑ̃s

### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin trāns. Doublet of très.

#### Adjective

trans (invariable)
* (chemistry) trans

##### Related terms

* trans-

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

trans (invariable)
* trans (transgender or transsexual)

#### Noun

trans m or f by sense (plural trans)
* trans (transgender or transsexual)

### Further reading

* “trans”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## German
### Etymology

From English trans. Within German, analyzable as a shortening of transgender, transident or transgeschlechtlich.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʁans/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

trans (indeclinable)
* (slang) trans, transgender
    Synonyms: transgender, transgeschlechtlich, transident
    Antonym: cis
    trans Person ― trans person
** 2022 September 6, Emma Rotermund, “Demo gegen Queerfeindlichkeit: Angriff auf trans Frau verstört”, in Die Tageszeitung: taz‎, →ISSN:Viel Potenzial für Verbesserung der Situation für trans Personen sieht sie*­er unter den gegebenen Verhältnissen nicht: „Es ist nicht möglich, Transfeindlichkeit in diesem System auszulöschen. Das System muss beseitigt werden.“(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Usage notes

* The adjective is usually treated as invariable, thus neither declined forms nor comparation forms are used.
* Compare usage notes at English trans- for usage of a standalone adjective trans vs. a prefix trans-.

#### Declension

Indeclinable.

#### Related terms

* trans-
* transgender
* Transe

### Further reading

* “trans” in Duden online
* “trans” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Ido
### Etymology

From Esperanto trans, from Latin trans. Not to be confused with the paronym tra.

### Preposition

trans
* on the other side of, beyond, across
    Il pasas trans la rivero per ponto.He goes across the river by bridge.

#### Derived terms

* transe (“beyond”)
* transajo (“object on the other side”)
* trans-

#### Synonyms

* dop (“behind, after”)

#### Antonyms

* cis (“on this side of”)

#### Paronyms

* tra (“through”)

## Interlingua
### Preposition

trans
* across

## Italian
### Etymology

See English trans.

### Noun

trans m or f by sense (invariable)
* transsexual

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *trānts, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂-n̥ts, from *terh₂- (“through, throughout, over”). Cognate with English through, Scots throch (“through”), West Frisian troch (“through”), Dutch door (“through”), German durch (“through”), Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 (þairh, “through”), Albanian tërthor (“through, around”), Welsh tra (“through”). See also thorough.
The accusative is from the pre-PIE directional. Compare Sanskrit तिरस् (tiras).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /trans/, [t̪rä̃ːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /trans/, [t̪räns]
* Rhymes: -ãːs

### Preposition

trāns (+ accusative)
* across, beyond

#### Derived terms

* trāns-
* trānstrum

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: trã
* Catalan: tra-, tras-, trans-
* → English: trans-
* → Esperanto: tra
** → Ido: tra
* Old French: trés, tres
** Middle French: trés, tres (older manuscripts), très (later manuscripts and books)
*** French: très
**** → Esperanto: tre
***** → Ido: tre
* French: tré- (tres- before s)
* Galician: tras
* Italian: tra-, trans-, trans
* Ladin: tres
* Picard: ter-
* Portuguese: trás, trans-, trans
* Spanish: tras, trans-, trans

#### See also

* meta (Greek)

### References

* “trans”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “trans”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* trans in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* trans in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

## Middle English
### Noun

trans
* Alternative form of traunce

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French transe.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtrans/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ans
* Syllabification: trans
* Homophone: trans-

### Noun

trans m inan (related adjective transowy)
* trance (dazed or unconscious condition)
* trance (state of low response to stimulus and diminished, narrow attention)
* (psychology) trance (such a state induced by hypnosis)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* trans in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* trans in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈtɾɐ̃s/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈtɾɐ̃s/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈtɾɐ̃ʃ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈtɾɐ̃ʃ/

### Adjective

trans (invariable)
* Clipping of transexual.
* Clipping of transgênero, transgénero.

### Noun

trans m or f by sense (invariable)
* Clipping of transexual.
* Clipping of transgênero, transgénero.

## Spanish
### Etymology

Clipping of transexual.

### Adjective

trans (invariable)
* transgender, trans
** 2015 July 30, Karla Avelar, ““Tengo miedo constantemente””, in El País (Spain)‎:Internacionalmente, presentan al país como perfecto cumplidor en cuanto a la protección de los derechos humanos de la población LGBTI. Hablan de la recientemente creada línea de atención y de la contratación de mujeres trans en organismos públicos.Internationally, they present the country as a perfect complier regarding the protection of the LGBTI population's human rights. They talk about the recently created support line and the hiring of trans women in public organizations.
** 2019 September 4, Claudio Andrade, “Es abogada y quiere convertirse en la primera jueza trans de la Argentina”, in Clarín (Argentina)‎:En la Argentina solo existe un antecedente de una persona trans que haya aspirado a un cargo de juez.In Argentine only one precedent exists of a trans person who has aspired to the position of judge.

#### Derived terms

* chica trans
* hombre trans
* trans-excluyente

## Swedish
### Noun

trans c
* trance

### Anagrams

* snart

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɯˈɾɑns/, [t̪ʰɯˈɾ̞ɑn̪s̪]
* Rhymes: -ɑns
* Hyphenation: t‧rans

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English trans

#### Adjective

trans
* (LGBTQ) Transexual (person)
    Synonym: transseksüel

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French transe

#### Noun

trans (definite accusative transı, plural translar)
* (spiritualism) the hypnotic state a medium or a sorcerer enters when they are communicating with or entering the spiritual or the mystical realm, trance

##### Declension
### Related terms

* transseksüel
* transa geçmek
* transa girmek
* trans hâli