# 乘勝
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chéngshèng
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ ㄕㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sing$^4$ sing$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sêng-sèng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chéngshèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄕㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chéngshèng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻêng$^2$-shêng$^4$
*** Yale: chéng-shèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherngshenq
*** Palladius: чэншэн (čɛnšɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sing$^4$ sing$^3$
*** Yale: sìhng sing
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sing$^4$ sing$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xing$^4$ xing$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪŋ²¹ sɪŋ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sêng-sèng
*** Tâi-lô: sîng-sìng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sengsexng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ²³⁻³³ siɪŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siɪŋ¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: zying syingH
Rime :
| Character | 乘 | 勝 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 船 (27) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) | 蒸 (133) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 食陵切 | 詩證切 |
| Baxter | zying | syingH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʑɨŋ/ | /ɕɨŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʑɨŋ/ | /ɕɨŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʑieŋ/ | /ɕieŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʑiŋ/ | /ɕiŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʑiəŋ/ | /ɕiəŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʑĭəŋ/ | /ɕĭəŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡ʑʰi̯əŋ/ | /ɕi̯əŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shéng | shèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sing$^4$ | sing$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.ləŋ l̥əŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljɯŋ hljɯŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 乘 | 勝 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chéng | shèng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zying › | ‹ sying$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.ləŋ/ | /*l̥əŋ-s/ |
| English | ride (v.) | overcome; surpass |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 乘 | 勝 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 1452 | 17128 |
| Phonetic component | 乘 | 朕 |
| Rime group | 蒸 | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 繩 | 勝 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɦljɯŋ/ | /*hljɯŋs/ |

### Adverb

乘勝
* to exploit a victory
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Gōngzǐ shuài wǔ guó zhī bīng pò Qín jūn yú Hé wài, zǒu Méng Ào. Suì chéngshèng zhú Qín jūn zhì Hángǔguān, yì Qín bīng, Qín bīng bùgǎn chū. [Pinyin]
    The Noble Scion led the troops of five states on to defeat the army of Ch’in beyond the Yellow River and put Meng Ao to flight. Following up on their victory, he drove the army of Ch’in to Han-ku Pass. He bottled up Ch’in’s troops there and the army of Ch’in did not dare to come through [the Pass].

#### Derived terms

* 乘勝直追 / 乘胜直追 (chéngshèngzhízhuī)
* 乘勝追擊 / 乘胜追击 (chéngshèngzhuījī)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 乘 | 勝 |

### Verb

乘勝
* chữ Hán form of thừa thắng (“to seize the opportunities that result from a recent victory”).