# bek
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian бек (bek). Doublet of bey and beg.

### Noun

bek (plural beks)
* Alternative form of bey (“Turkish governor”)

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Keb, KBE, keb, BKE, ebk

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch bek, from Middle Dutch bec, from Old French bec, from Vulgar Latin beccus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛk/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

bek (plural bekke, diminutive bekkie)
* beak
* mouth of an animal
* (derogatory) mouth of a human

## Bahnar
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛːk/

### Adjective

bek
* fat

## Balinese
### Romanization

bek
* Romanization of ᬩᭂᬓ᭄

## Basque
### Noun

bek
* ergative indefinite of be

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɛk]
* Rhymes: -ɛk
* Homophone: beg

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

bek m inan
* bleat
    Synonyms: bekot, bečení
** 1902, Josef K. Šlejhar, Temno‎, J. Otto, page 210:V tu dobu zase žalný bekot telátka přerývavě zazněl z chléva. Nejistý, bázlivý byl to bek […]Sad bleating was heard disjointedly from the barn in that time. It was uncertain, timid bleating […]
* cry
    Synonyms: pláč, brek, brekot, brečení
** 1900, Josef Holeček, Květy‎, volume 45:Frantík tentokrát nedal se pro sklamání do beku.This time Frantík didn't start crying because of his disappointment.

##### Declension
#### Interjection

bek
* (onomatopoeia) the characteristic bark of a roe deer
** 2015, Karel Čapek, Hordubal‎, KKnihy.cz, →ISBN, page 37:Bek, bek, povídá, zadupe kopýtky a kluše dál."Bark, bark", she says, stamps with her little hooves and keeps trotting.

### Etymology 2

From back, which was borrowed from English back. See also bachyně.

#### Alternative forms

* back (archaic)

#### Noun

bek m anim
* (colloquial, sports) back [20th c.]
    Synonyms: obránce, zadák
    Antonyms: útočník, forward
** 1996, Bohumil Hrabal, Ze zápisníku zapisovatele‎, Praha: Pražská imaginace, →ISBN, page 251:Vojta Bradáč dvěma góly vyrovnal a pak zdánlivě kulhající Puč najednou nekulhal, obešel halvy, pak po něm vystartoval bek Černý, ale Puč dělovkou překonal brankáře Tichého a já jsem odcházel z hřiště smutný…Vojta Bradáč equalized with two goals and then seemingly limping Puč suddenly wasn't limping, got through the half-backs, then back Černý started off against him, but Puč defeated goalkeeper Tichý with a hard shot and I was leaving the pitch sad…

##### Declension
#### Noun

bek m inan
* (inanimate, colloquial, sports) defense (portion of a team dedicated to defending) [20th c.]
    Synonyms: obrana, defenziva, defenzíva
    Antonyms: útok, ofenziva, ofenzíva
** 1999, Vlasta Chramostová, Vlasta Chramostová‎, Brno: Doplněk, →ISBN, page 176:Standíkovi bylo třináct čtrnáct a hrál na beku.Standík was thirteen or fourteen and played in the defense.

##### Declension
### References

* ↑ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “bek”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 80

### Further reading

* “bek”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “bek”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “bek”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛk/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: bek
* Rhymes: -ɛk

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch bec, from Old French bec, from Latin beccus.

#### Noun

bek m (plural bekken, diminutive bekje n)
* a bird's beak
    Synonym: snavel
    De raaf had een stuk kaas in zijn bek.The raven held a piece of cheese in its beak.
* any animal's mouth (such as a snout)
* (informal, rude) a human mouth
    Hou je bek!Shut your trap!

##### Derived terms

* bek op poten
* bekaf
* bekken
* bekken trekken
* bekkenbeul
* bekkentrekker
* bekvechten
* blauwbekken
* breedbekstrandloper
* dikbekfuut
* dunbekwulp
* eendenbek
* geilbek
* kraaienbek
* krokodillenbek
* krombekstrandloper
* kruisbek
* lachebek
* lafbek
* langbek
* leeuwenbek
* lekkerbek
* lepelbekeend
* ooievaarsbek
* op je bek gaan
* paardenbek
* reigersbek
* roodbekwever
* schaarbek
* schoenbekooievaar
* schreeuwbek
* vogelbekdier
* zaagbek

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: bek
* Negerhollands: biek
* Petjo: bek
* → Antillean Creole: béc aou (Martinique)
* → Papiamentu: bek (dated)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

bek
* inflection of bekken:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɛk]
* Hyphenation: bèk

### Etymology 1

From Dutch back, from English back, from Middle English bak, from Old English bæc, from Proto-Germanic *baką, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰogo (literally “bending”).

#### Noun

bèk (plural bek-bek)
* (sports, soccer) back, in some team sports, a position behind most players on the team.

### Etymology 2

Unknown, probably from Dutch beg, from Ottoman Turkish بك (beg), from Old Turkic 𐰋𐰏 (b²g /⁠bég⁠/, “chief, titled man”).

#### Noun

bèk (plural bek-bek)
* (obsolete) chief of a village.

### Further reading

* “bek” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Karaim
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *bek.

### Adjective

bek
* strong, firm, solid

### References

* N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “bek”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

## Nandi
### Noun

bek
* water

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse bik, from Middle Low German pik, from Old Saxon pik, from Proto-West Germanic *pik, from Latin pix. See also Dutch pek, German Pech, Swedish beck.

### Noun

bek n (definite singular beket, indefinite plural bek, definite plural beka or bekene)
* pitch (a dark, extremely viscous material still remaining after distilling crude oil and tar)

#### Related terms

* bekmørk (“pitch-dark”)

### References

* “bek” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

From English back.

### Adjective

bek
* back, again

### Noun

bek
* back

## Polabian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Low German bäk

### Noun

bek m ?
* stream

### References

* Lehr-Spławiński, T., Polański, K. (1962) “bek”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław, Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 30
* Polański, Kazimierz, James Allen Sehnert (1967) “bek”, in Polabian-English Dictionary, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co, page 37
* Olesch, Reinhold (1962) “Bec”, in Thesaurus Linguae Dravaenopolabicae [Thesaurus of the Drevani language] (in German), volumes 1: A – O, Cologne, Vienna: Böhlau Verlag, →ISBN, page 40

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɛk/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Goral):
*** (Podhale) IPA: /ˈbɛk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛk
* Syllabification: bek
* Homophones: beg, Beg

### Etymology 1

Onomatopoeic.

#### Noun

bek m inan
* bleat (cry of a sheep or goat)
* (colloquial) wail

##### Related terms

* bekliwy
* be
* bekowisko
* beksa
* beczeć impf
* bekać impf, beknąć pf

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English back.

#### Noun

bek m pers
* (dated, sports) defender
    Synonym: obrońca

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Romanian bec.

#### Noun

bek m inan
* (Podhale) light bulb
    Synonym: żarówka

### Etymology 4

Deverbal from bekać.

#### Noun

bek m inan
* (colloquial) belch, burp

##### Declension
### Etymology 5

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

bek f
* genitive plural of beka

### Further reading

* bek in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* bek in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Semai
### Alternative forms

* beuk

### Etymology

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *bək ~ *buk ~ *buək (“to bind (round)”). Cognate with Mon ဗိုက် (pàk, “to put round”), Vietnamese buộc (“to bind”), Central Nicobarese [Nancowry] pôk-hata/pôko (“to bind, tie”).

### Verb

bek
* to bind; to tie

#### Synonyms

* chekaq
* chekòt

#### Derived terms

* ba'bek

### References

* ↑ Basrim bin Ngah Aching (2008) Kamus Engròq Semay – Engròq Malaysia, Kamus Bahasa Semai – Bahasa Malaysia, Bangi: Institut Alam dan Tamadun Melayu, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology 1

From English bag.

#### Noun

bek
* bag

### Etymology 2

From English back.

#### Adverb

bek
* back
** 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 3:19:Na bai yu wok hat tru long kisim kaikai bilong yu na tuhat bai i kamap long pes bilong yu. Na bai yu hatwok oltaim inap yu dai na yu go bek long graun. Long wanem, mi bin wokim yu long graun, na bai yu go bek gen long graun.”→New International Version translation

## Uzbek

Other scripts :
| Yangi Imlo | |
| Cyrillic | бек‍ |
| Latin | bek‍ |
| Perso-Arabic (Afghanistan) | |

### Etymology

Inherited from Chagatai [Term?], from Proto-Turkic *bǟg, from Proto-Iranian *bagáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás. Doublet of biy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛk/, [bɛk̟]
* Hyphenation: bek

### Noun

bek (plural beklar)
* (historical) a title of local officials, beg

#### Derived terms

* beklarbegi
* beklik

#### Related terms

* begim

### References

* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “be:g”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 322