# 養

| 養 | U+990A, &#39178; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-990A |
| ← 餉 [U+9909] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 餋 → [U+990B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

養 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+6, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿人戈日女 (TOIAV), four-corner 8073$_2$, composition ⿱𦍌食)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1419, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44144
* Dae Jaweon: page 1943, character 31
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4452, character 8
* Unihan data for U+990A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 鯗 | *slaŋʔ |
| 養 | *laŋʔ, *laŋs |
| 癢 | *laŋʔ |
| 瀁 | *laŋʔ, *laŋs |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *laŋʔ, *laŋs) : phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ, “sheep”) + semantic 食 (“to feed”).

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-klawŋ (“to guard; to tend cattle; to graze; to be at leisure”), whence Tibetan སྐྱོང (skyong, “to keep; to nurture”), Burmese ကျောင်း (kyaung:, “to look after, tend”) (STEDT).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yǎng (yang$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˇ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ён (i͡on, II)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): joeng$^5$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yang$^1$ / yang$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yông
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yong$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ion$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): iōng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ióng / iáng / iúⁿ / ióⁿ / chiūⁿ / chiōⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ion$^2$ / iên$^2$ / iang$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǎng
*** Wade–Giles: yang$^3$
*** Yale: yǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeang
*** Palladius: ян (jan)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑŋ²¹⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ён (i͡on, II)
*** Sinological IPA : /iɑŋ⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: joeng$^5$
*** Yale: yéuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: joeng$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yêng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jœːŋ¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yang$^1$ / yang$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jaŋ³³/, /jaŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
*** Hakka Romanization System: iong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯oŋ²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)iong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯oŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /iɔŋ⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ion$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /iɒ̃⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: iōng
*** Sinological IPA : /yoŋ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióng
*** Tâi-lô: ióng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iorng
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /iɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /iɔŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iáng
*** Tâi-lô: iáng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iarng
*** IPA (Taipei, Zhangzhou): /iaŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iaŋ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iúⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: iúnn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: viuo
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /iũ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /iũ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iũ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: iónn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: vioir
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔ̃⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiūⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tsiūnn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cviu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siũ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siũ³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siũ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiōⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tsiōnn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cvioi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔ̃²²/
* ióng/iáng - literary;
* iúⁿ/ióⁿ - vernacular;
* chiūⁿ/chiōⁿ - vernacular (limited, disputed, e.g. 頭養, more often written as 上).
* Middle Chinese: yangX
Rime :
| Character | 養 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 餘兩切 |
| Baxter | yangX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iɑŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨaŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /iaŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭaŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯aŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǎng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | joeng$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ](r)aŋʔ/, /*[ɢ]aŋʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*laŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 養 | 養 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yǎng | yǎng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yang$^X$ › | ‹ yang$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ](r)aŋʔ/ | /*[ɢ]aŋʔ/ |
| English | long, longing | nourish, raise |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 養 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 14613 |
| Phonetic component | 養 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 養 |
| Old Chinese | /*laŋʔ/ |
| Notes | 說文羊聲 |

#### Definitions

養
* to raise; to rear
    養豬／养猪 ― yǎng zhū ― to raise pigs
    養狗／养狗 ― yǎng gǒu ― to raise or nurture a pet dog
* to support; to provide for; to bring up
    養家／养家 ― yǎngjiā ― to support a family
       Tā shì nǎinai yǎng dà de. [Pinyin]
       He was raised by his grandma.
       keoi$^5$ fu$^6$ mou$^5$ zung$^6$ jau$^5$ sau$^1$ jap$^6$, m$^4$ sai$^2$ keoi$^5$ joeng$^5$. [Jyutping]
       His parents still have income and don't need to be provided for by him.
* to give birth to
    養小人／养小人 [Shanghainese] ― $^6$yan $^5$shiau-gnin [Wugniu] ― To give birth to a child
* to rest; to convalesce
    養病／养病 ― yǎngbìng ― to convalesce
    養肝明目／养肝明目 ― yǎng gān míng mù ― to nourish the liver and improve vision
    From: Wu Jingzi, The Scholars, 1750 CE
    Bǎ zhū yě huán yǔ Wáng jiā, zài zhé xiēxū yínzi gěi tā yǎng nà dǎ huài le de tuǐ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* to maintain
    養路／养路 ― yǎnglù ― to maintain a road or railway
* to cultivate; to form
       yào yǎng chéng měitiān yùndòng de xíguàn [Pinyin]
       One needs to cultivate the habit of exercising daily.
* to let one's hair grow
* to support; to help
    以農養工／以农养工 ― yǐ nóng yǎng gōng ― to use agriculture to support industries
* (in compounds) foster; adoptive
    養父母／养父母 ― yǎngfùmǔ ― foster parents
* accomplishment; cultivation
    素養／素养 ― sùyǎng ― accomplishment
* 81st tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "fostering" (𝍖)

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 飼, 養, 畜 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 養, 餵養, 飼養, 畜養 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 養 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 養 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 養 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 養 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 餵 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 養 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 養 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 養 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 養 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 養, 分 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 養 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 養 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 養 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 養 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 養 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 供 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 養 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 養, 畜 |
| Hakka | Changting | 供 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 供, 畜 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 喂, 供 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 供 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 畜, 養 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 畜, 養 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 畜, 養 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 畜, 養 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 畜 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 供 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 養 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 養 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 供 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 養 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 飼 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 飼 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 飼 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 飼 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 養, 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 養 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 養 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 養, 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 養 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 養, 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 養, 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 飼 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 飼 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 飼 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 飼 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 飼 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 供 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 供 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 供 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 養 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 養 |
| Wu | Danyang | 養 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 養 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 養 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 養 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 養 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 養 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 養 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 養 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 養 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 養 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 養 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 養 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 養 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 養 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 養 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 飼 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 飼 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 養 |
| Wu | Danyang | 養 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 養 |
* (to give birth to):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 生 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 生 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 生 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 生 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 生 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 生 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 生 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 生 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 生, 臊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 生, 臊 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 生 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 生 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 生 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 生 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 生 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 洗 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 生 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 生 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 生 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 生 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 生 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 生 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 生 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 生 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 生 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 養 especially of human beings, 生 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 養 especially of human beings, 生 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 生 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 生 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 生 |

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: dưỡng (養)
Others:
* → Proto-Tai: *liəŋꟲ (“to raise”)
** Thai: เลี้ยง (líiang, “to raise, to bring up”)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǎng, yàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˇ, ㄧㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǎng
*** Wade–Giles: yang$^3$
*** Yale: yǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeang
*** Palladius: ян (jan)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑŋ²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yàng
*** Wade–Giles: yang$^4$
*** Yale: yàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yanq
*** Palladius: ян (jan)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: joeng$^6$
*** Yale: yeuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: joeng$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yêng$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jœːŋ²²/
* Middle Chinese: yangH
Rime :
| Character | 養 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 餘亮切 |
| Baxter | yangH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /iaŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭaŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯aŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | joeng$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*laŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 養 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 14616 |
| Phonetic component | 養 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 漾 |
| Old Chinese | /*laŋs/ |

#### Definitions

養
* to support and provide for (parents or elder relatives)

### Compounds

* 乞養 / 乞养
* 井養 / 井养
* 人工養殖 / 人工养殖
* 以戰養戰 / 以战养战 (yǐzhànyǎngzhàn)
* 以會養會 / 以会养会
* 休養 / 休养 (xiūyǎng)
* 休養生息 / 休养生息 (xiūyǎngshēngxī)
* 供養 / 供养
* 保養 / 保养 (bǎoyǎng)
* 保養品 / 保养品
* 保養廠 / 保养厂
* 修身養性 / 修身养性 (xiūshēn yǎngxìng)
* 修養 / 修养 (xiūyǎng)
* 優養化 / 优养化
* 冷水養殖 / 冷水养殖
* 勞動教養 / 劳动教养 (láodòng jiàoyǎng)
* 口體之養 / 口体之养
* 告終養 / 告终养
* 哺養 / 哺养 (bǔyǎng)
* 單養養殖 / 单养养殖
* 培養 / 培养 (péiyǎng)
* 培養土 / 培养土
* 培養基 / 培养基 (péiyǎngjī)
* 培養液 / 培养液 (péiyǎngyè)
* 培養皿 / 培养皿 (péiyǎngmǐn)
* 奉養 / 奉养
* 姑息養奸
* 嬌生慣養 / 娇生惯养 (jiāoshēngguànyǎng)
* 嬌養 / 娇养 (jiāoyǎng)
* 存養 / 存养
* 孝養 / 孝养 (xiàoyàng)
* 學養 / 学养 (xuéyǎng)
* 學養俱佳 / 学养俱佳
* 安養 / 安养 (ānyǎng)
* 家庭寄養 / 家庭寄养 (jiātíng jìyǎng)
* 寄養 / 寄养 (jìyǎng)
* 寄養之家 / 寄养之家
* 將養 / 将养
* 就養 / 就养
* 廝養 / 厮养
* 廚養臣 / 厨养臣
* 怡情養性 / 怡情养性
* 恩養 / 恩养 (ēnyǎng)
* 恩養錢 / 恩养钱
* 慣養嬌生 / 惯养娇生
* 扈養 / 扈养
* 扶養 / 扶养 (fúyǎng)
* 抱養 / 抱养 (bàoyǎng)
* 持祿養交 / 持禄养交
* 持祿養身 / 持禄养身
* 持養 / 持养
* 撫養 / 抚养 (fǔyǎng)
* 撫養費 / 抚养费 (fǔyǎngfèi)
* 攝養 / 摄养 (shèyǎng)
* 收養 / 收养 (shōuyǎng)
* 放養 / 放养 (fàngyǎng)
* 教養 / 教养 (jiàoyǎng)
* 教養院 / 教养院
* 木雞養到 / 木鸡养到
* 棄養 / 弃养 (qìyàng)
* 水產養殖 / 水产养殖 (shuǐchǎn yǎngzhí)
* 沒得養 / 没得养
* 沒營養 / 没营养
* 淡水養殖 / 淡水养殖
* 涵養 / 涵养 (hányǎng)
* 滋養 / 滋养 (zīyǎng)
* 滋養品 / 滋养品
* 潑丟潑養 / 泼丢泼养
* 灶下養 / 灶下养
* 煙雲供養 / 烟云供养
* 營養 / 营养 (yíngyǎng)
* 營養不良 / 营养不良 (yíngyǎng bùliáng)
* 營養午餐 / 营养午餐
* 營養失調 / 营养失调
* 營養學 / 营养学 (yíngyǎngxué)
* 營養素 / 营养素 (yíngyǎngsù)
* 牧養納畜 / 牧养纳畜
* 犬馬之養 / 犬马之养
* 生養 / 生养 (shēngyǎng)
* 畜養 / 畜养 (xùyǎng)
* 療養 / 疗养 (liáoyǎng)
* 療養所 / 疗养所 (liáoyǎngsuǒ)
* 療養院 / 疗养院 (liáoyǎngyuàn)
* 監門之養 / 监门之养
* 祿養 / 禄养
* 童養媳 / 童养媳 (tóngyǎngxí)
* 箱網養殖 / 箱网养殖
* 素養 / 素养 (sùyǎng)
* 組織培養 / 组织培养 (zǔzhī péiyǎng)
* 終養 / 终养
* 給養 / 给养 (jǐyǎng)
* 胚培養法 / 胚培养法
* 色養 / 色养
* 菽水之養 / 菽水之养 (shúshuǐ zhī yǎng)
* 蓄銳養威 / 蓄锐养威
* 蒙養 / 蒙养
* 蓄養 / 蓄养 (xùyǎng)
* 補養 / 补养 (bǔyǎng)
* 親子教養 / 亲子教养
* 認養 / 认养
* 認養人 / 认养人
* 調養 / 调养 (tiáoyǎng)
* 調養生息 / 调养生息
* 護養 / 护养 (hùyǎng)
* 豢養 / 豢养 (huànyǎng)
* 貝類養殖 / 贝类养殖
* 贍養 / 赡养 (shànyǎng)
* 贍養費 / 赡养费 (shànyǎngfèi)
* 迎養 / 迎养
* 遵時養晦 / 遵时养晦
* 遵養時晦 / 遵养时晦
* 閉目養神 / 闭目养神
* 陶養 / 陶养
* 靜養 / 静养 (jìngyǎng)
* 鞠養 / 鞠养 (jūyǎng)
* 韜光養晦 / 韬光养晦 (tāoguāngyǎnghuì)
* 領養 / 领养 (lǐngyǎng)
* 頤性養壽 / 颐性养寿
* 頤神養壽 / 颐神养寿
* 頤神養性 / 颐神养性
* 頤神養氣 / 颐神养气
* 頤精養神 / 颐精养神
* 頤養 / 颐养 (yíyǎng)
* 頤養天年 / 颐养天年
* 頤養精神 / 颐养精神
* 飼養 / 饲养 (sìyǎng)
* 養不住 / 养不住
* 養不教，父之過 / 养不教，父之过 (yǎngbùjiào, fùzhīguò)
* 養乏 / 养乏
* 養傷 / 养伤 (yǎngshāng)
* 養元 / 养元
* 養兒備老 / 养儿备老
* 養兵 / 养兵
* 養分 / 养分 (yǎngfèn)
* 養和 / 养和
* 養地 / 养地 (yǎngdì)
* 養女 / 养女 (yǎngnǚ)
* 養威蓄銳 / 养威蓄锐
* 養娘 / 养娘
* 養婆娘 / 养婆娘
* 養媳婦 / 养媳妇
* 養子 / 养子 (yǎngzǐ)
* 養子女 / 养子女
* 養家 / 养家 (yǎngjiā)
* 養家人 / 养家人
* 養家活口 / 养家活口 (yǎngjiāhuókǒu)
* 養家經紀 / 养家经纪
* 養家肥己 / 养家肥己
* 養寇 / 养寇
* 養尊處優 / 养尊处优 (yǎngzūnchǔyōu)
* 養工處 / 养工处
* 養廉 / 养廉
* 養心安神 / 养心安神
* 養心殿 / 养心殿
* 養志 / 养志
* 養怡 / 养怡
* 養性 / 养性 (yǎngxìng)
* 養性修真 / 养性修真
* 養性存身 / 养性存身
* 養息 / 养息
* 養成 / 养成 (yǎngchéng)
* 養成教育 / 养成教育
* 養拙 / 养拙
* 養料 / 养料 (yǎngliào)
* 養晦 / 养晦 (yǎnghuì)
* 養會 / 养会
* 養望 / 养望
* 養殖 / 养殖 (yǎngzhí)
* 養殖場 / 养殖场 (yǎngzhíchǎng)
* 養殖漁業 / 养殖渔业
* 養母 / 养母 (yǎngmǔ)
* 養氣 / 养气
* 養活 / 养活 (yǎnghuo)
* 養漢 / 养汉 (yǎnghàn)
* 養漢精 / 养汉精
* 養濟 / 养济
* 養濟院 / 养济院
* 養父 / 养父 (yǎngfù)
* 養珠 / 养珠
* 養生 / 养生
* 養生堂 / 养生堂
* 養生送死 / 养生送死
* 養病 / 养病 (yǎngbìng)
* 養痾 / 养疴
* 養瘦馬 / 养瘦马
* 養癰成患 / 养痈成患
* 養癰自患 / 养痈自患
* 養癰貽害 / 养痈贻害
* 養癰貽患 / 养痈贻患
* 養癰遺患 / 养痈遗患
* 養真 / 养真
* 養眼 / 养眼 (yǎngyǎn)
* 養神 / 养神 (yǎngshén)
* 養精蓄銳 / 养精蓄锐 (yǎngjīngxùruì)
* 養老 / 养老 (yǎnglǎo)
* 養老送終 / 养老送终
* 養老金 / 养老金 (yǎnglǎojīn)
* 養老院 / 养老院 (yǎnglǎoyuàn)
* 養育 / 养育 (yǎngyù)
* 養膳 / 养膳
* 養花天 / 养花天
* 養虎傷身 / 养虎伤身
* 養虎留患 / 养虎留患
* 養虎自齧 / 养虎自啮
* 養虎貽患 / 养虎贻患
* 養虎遺患 / 养虎遗患 (yǎnghǔyíhuàn)
* 養虺成蛇 / 养虺成蛇
* 養蜂 / 养蜂 (yǎngfēng)
* 養護 / 养护
* 養賢納士 / 养贤纳士
* 養贍 / 养赡
* 養路 / 养路
* 養身 / 养身 (yǎngshēn)
* 養身父母 / 养身父母
* 養軍 / 养军 (yǎngjūn)
* 養銳蓄威 / 养锐蓄威
* 養靜 / 养静
* 養顏 / 养颜 (yǎngyán)
* 養顏有術 / 养颜有术
* 養養 / 养养
* 餵養 / 喂养 (wèiyǎng)
* 香花供養 / 香花供养
* 馴養 / 驯养 (xùnyǎng)

### References

* “養”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 養 |
| Kyūjitai | 養󠄁 養+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 養󠄄 養+&#xE0104; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)
* Kun: やしなう (yashinau, 養う, Jōyō)、うむ (umu, 養む)
* Nanori: おさ (osa)、かい (kai)、きよ (kiyo)、すけ (suke)、のぶ (nobu)、まもる (mamoru)、やす (yasu)、よし (yoshi)

#### Compounds

* 養育(よういく) (yōiku)
* 養家(ようか) (yōka)
* 養魚(ようぎょ) (yōgyo): fish farming, fish breeding, fish culture, pisciculture
* 養鶏(ようけい) (yōkei): poultry farming, chicken raising
* 養子(ようし) (yōshi)
* 養女(ようじょ) (yōjo)
* 養殖(ようしょく) (yōshoku)
* 養成(ようせい) (yōsei)
* 養豚(ようとん) (yōton): porciculture
* 養父(ようふ) (yōfu)
* 養分(ようぶん) (yōbun)
* 養母(ようぼ) (yōbo)
* 養鯉(ようり) (yōri): carp farming
* 養老(ようろう) (yōrō): Retired
* Kanji in this term
* 養
* よう Grade: 4
* on'yomi

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jo̞ː]

### Affix

養(よう) • (yō)
* to raise; to rear; to bring up
* to support

### References

* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2337 (paper), page 1220 (digital)

## Korean
### Hanja

養 (eumhun 기를 양 (gireul yang))
* hanja form of 양 (“to raise”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

養: Hán Nôm readings: dưỡng, dẳng, dường
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.