# 亦

| 亦 | U+4EA6, &#20134; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA6 |
| ← 亥 [U+4EA5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 产 → [U+4EA7] |

## Translingual
### Han character

亦 (Kangxi radical 8, 亠+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜中弓金 (YLNC), four-corner 0033$_0$, composition ⿱亠⿻小丿(GTJK) or ⿵六⿰丿亅(GTJK) or ⿱亠⿻小丨(H) or ⿵六刂(H))

#### Derived characters

* 奕 帟 弈 跡 迹 㑊 洂 𠲔 𢙕 𤥂 硛 𩷉 𪁂 𠸠 𣖞
* 変 弯 恋 栾 蛮 (all as Japanese simplification of 䜌 to 亦)
* See 𰁜 for Chinese simplification of 䜌 (luán) to 𰁜.
** Note that it does not appear that 奕 is a simplification of 奱, nor 帟 a simplification of 㡩.

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 88, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 293
* Dae Jaweon: page 187, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 281, character 3
* Unihan data for U+4EA6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 亦 :
| Shang | Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Warring States | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Oracle bone scriptj23573j23574j23575j23576j23577j23578j23579j23580j23581j23582j23583j23584j23585j23586j23587j23588j23589j23590j23591j23592j23593j23594j23595j23596j23597j23598j23599j23600j23601j23602j23603j23604j23605j23606j23607j23608j23609j23610j23611j23612j23613j23614j23615j23616j23617j23618j23619j23620j23621j23622j23623j23624j23625j23626j23627j23628j23629j23630j23631j23632j23633j23634j23635j23636j23637j23638j23639j23640j23641Bronze inscriptionsb15007b15008b15009b15010b15011b15012b15013b15014b15015b15016b15017b15018b15019b15020b15021b15022b15023Small seal scripts07485Transcribed ancient scriptsL38355 |||||||||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). |||||||||
| | Old Chinese |
| 夜 | *laːɡs |
| 鵺 | *laːɡs |
| 迹 | *ʔsleːɡ |
| 跡 | *ʔsleːɡ |
| 亦 | *laːɡ |
| 弈 | *laːɡ |
| 奕 | *laːɡ |
| 帟 | *laːɡ |
| 腋 | *laːɡ |
| 掖 | *laːɡ |
| 焲 | *laːɡ |
| 液 | *laːɡ |
Ideogram (指事) – a human figure (compare 大) with water falling from them (roughly from arm pits). Original form of 腋 (OC *laːɡ, “armpit”) or 液 (OC *laːɡ, “liquid”).

### Etymology

Cognate with Mizo ve (“also; too”), Mizo vêk (“again; over again”) (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yì (yi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jik$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yi̍t
* Northern Min (KCR): iǎ / ĭ
* Eastern Min (BUC): iâ / ĭk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ia̍h / ia̍k / e̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): êg$^8$ / ia$^7$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$yiq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yì
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yì
*** Wade–Giles: i$^4$
*** Yale: yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jik$^6$
*** Yale: yihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: id
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)id
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iǎ / ĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /ia²¹/, /i²⁴/
* iǎ - vernacular;
* ĭ - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit亦 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /i⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /i⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /i⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /i⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /i⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ji⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /i¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /i¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /i²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /i²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /i³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /i²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /i³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /iʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /iəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /iʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /iəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦiɪʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦiəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦiəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /jai²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /i²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /i⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /i²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /i²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /it̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʒït̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jek̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /jek̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /jek̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ik̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /iʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /i²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ia³¹/ 訓讀 |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /zek̚⁵/ /ziak̚³/ /zia³³/ |
* Middle Chinese: yek
Rime :
| Character | 亦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 羊益切 |
| Baxter | yek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ](r)Ak/, /*ɢ(r)Ak/
    (Zhengzhang): /*laːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 亦 | 亦 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yì | yì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yek › | ‹ yek › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ](r)Ak/ | /*ɢ(r)Ak/ |
| English | armpit | also |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 亦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14996 |
| Phonetic component | 亦 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 繹 |
| Old Chinese | /*laːɡ/ |

### Definitions

亦
* (formal) also; too; likewise; still
    From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 7, part 7
    Qí zhújié duó sān chǐ, róuxì kě wéi suǒ, yì yǐ pí wéi má. [Pinyin]
    Each joint measures three chi; thin and supple, it may be used as a rope, and its skin may also be used as linen.
* (formal) only; just
* (formal) already
* (formal) although
* (Suzhounese) again
       From: 1993, 蘇州方言詞典, page 19
       To read something again after having read it
* a surname, Yi
* meaningless particle

#### See also

* 也 (yě)

#### Synonyms

* (also):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 亦 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 也 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 也 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 也 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 也 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 也 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 也 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 也 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 也 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 也 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 也 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 也 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 也 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 都, 亦 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 都, 亦, 亦都 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 都, 亦 formal |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 都, 也 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 亦 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 亦, 都, 亦都 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 也 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 都 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 都, 亦都 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 也 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 也 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 也 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 乜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 乜, 也 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 乜 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 乜 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 乜 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 嘛 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 呠 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 也 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 也 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 也 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 也 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 也, 嘛 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 也, 嘛 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 也, 嘛 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 也, 嘛 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 呠 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 也, 呠, 嘛 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 也, 嘛, 閣 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 也 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 也 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 也 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 呠, 也, 嘛 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 也 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 也 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 都 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 也 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 亦 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 也 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 也 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 也 |
* (again):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 又 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 又 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 又 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 又 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 又 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 又 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 又 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 又 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 又 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 又 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 又, 又試 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 又, 又試 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 又 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 又 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 又 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 又 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 又, 已 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 復 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 閣, 閣再, 又閣再, 又閣 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 閣, 閣再, 又閣再, 又閣 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 閣, 閣再, 又閣再, 又閣 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 閣 GT, 閣再 GT, 又閣 GT |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 閣, 閣再, 又閣 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 閣, 閣再 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 又, 又再 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 又 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 再, 又 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 亦 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 亦 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 又 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 又 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

### Compounds

* 不亦 (bùyì)
* 不亦樂乎 / 不亦乐乎 (bùyìlèhū)
* 亦步亦趨 / 亦步亦趋 (yìbùyìqū)
* 亦然 (yìrán)
* 亦都
* 人云亦云 (rényúnyìyún)
* 反之亦然 (fǎnzhīyìrán)
* 死亦瞑目 (sǐyìmíngmù)
* 盜亦有道 / 盗亦有道 (dàoyìyǒudào)
* 葉亦克 / 叶亦克 (Yèyìkè)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* also

#### Readings

* Go-on: やく (yaku)
* Kan-on: えき (eki)
* Kun: また (mata, 亦)、でも (demo, 亦)

### Definitions

* Kanji in this term
* 亦
* また Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 亦 – see the following entry. :
| 【また】 | [adverb] 亦: as well, likewise [conjunction] and, also Alternative spellings 又, 復, 也 |
(This term, 亦, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

亦 (eum 역 (yeok))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

亦: Hán Nôm readings: diệc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation