# sapo
## Esperanto
### Etymology

From Latin sāpō, English soap.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsapo]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -apo
* Hyphenation: sa‧po

### Noun

sapo (accusative singular sapon, plural sapoj, accusative plural sapojn)
* soap

#### Derived terms

* orienta sapherbo
* sapa
* saparbo
* sapeca
* sapherbo
* sapi
* sapigi
* sapŝtono
* sapujo
* sapumi
* ŝaŭmsapo
* ŝmirsapo
* tualetsapo

## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsapo/ [ˈs̺a.pʊ]
* Rhymes: -apo
* Hyphenation: sa‧po

### Noun

sapo m (plural sapos)
* toad
    Synonyms: costro, coucou
* ancient amulet against sorcery in the form of a small bag with one esconxuro (incantation, spell) inside

#### Derived terms

* Sapeira

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Unknown, possibly from Japanese しゃぶしゃぶ (shabushabu); onomatopoeic, resembling the sound emitted when the ingredients are stirred in the pot.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsapo]
* Hyphenation: sa‧po

### Noun

sapo (plural sapo-sapo)
* hot pot, (pot and meal)

### Further reading

* “sapo” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *saipǭ. Documented since the first century CE (see quote).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈsaː.poː/, [ˈs̠äːpoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈsa.po/, [ˈsäːpo]

### Noun

sāpō m (genitive sāpōnis); third declension
* An ancient hair product.
** late 1st c. CE, Pliny, Natural History, 28.12.51:Prodest et sapo, Galliarum hoc inventum rutilandis capillis. Fit ex sebo et cinere, optimus fagino et caprino, duobus modis, spissus ac liquidus, uterque apud Germanos maiore in usu viris quam feminis.The Gaulish invention sapo is also useful for dying one's hair red. It is made of animal fat and ash; the best kind is made of ash from beech trees and fat from goats. It comes in two types, a viscous one and a more runny one, both of which are more commonly used by men than women amongst the Germanic peoples.

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* sāpōnātum

#### Descendants

* Balkan-Romance:
** Aromanian: sãpuni, sãpune
** Romanian: săpun
* Dalmatian:
** Dalmatian: sapaun
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: savone, sapone, savonu, saponu
** Italian: sapone
*** → Hungarian: szappan
** Gallurese: savoni, saoni
** Sicilian: sapuni
*** → Maltese: sapun (partly)
* Padanian:
** Emilian: savon
** Friulian: savon
** Ligurian: savon, saon, san, son
** Lombard: saon, savon
** Piedmontese: savon, saon
** Romagnol: savon
** Romansch: savun, savung, savùn
** Venetan: saon, savon
* Northern Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: savon
** Old French: sapon, sabon, savon
*** Middle French: savon
**** French: savon (see there for further descendants)
**** → Breton: saon, soavon
** Champenois: saivon
** Norman: savon
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** Aragonese: sabón, xabon
** Old Catalan: sabon
*** Catalan: sabó
** Old Occitan: sabon
*** Occitan: sabon (all dialects)
** Gascon, Auvergnat, Limousin: sablon
* Ibero-Romance:
** Old Leonese:
*** Asturian: xabón, xaón
*** Extremaduran: jabón
*** Leonese: xabón
*** Mirandese: xabon
** Old Galician-Portuguese: sabon, sabõ
*** Galician: xabón, xabrón
*** Portuguese: sabão (see there for further descendants)
** Old Spanish: xabon
*** Ladino:
    Hebrew script: שאבון
    Latin script: shavón
*** Spanish: jabón (see there for further descendants)
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: sabone, saboni, saoni
** Sassarese: saboni
* Borrowings:
** → Albanian: sapun
** → Ancient Greek: σᾱ́πων (sā́pōn) (see there for further descendants)
** → Proto-Celtic:
*** Cornish: seban
*** Manx: sheeabin
*** Scottish Gaelic: siabann
*** Welsh: sebon
** → Macedonian: сапун (sapun)
** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: сапун
    Latin script: sapun

#### See also

* sebum

### References

* “sapo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* "sapo", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* sapo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “sapo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “sapo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Maranao
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sapu.

### Verb

sapo
* to rub

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese sapo, of unknown origin. Possibly from Iberian.
Cognate with Galician sapo, Mirandese sapo, Asturian sapu, Spanish sapo, Aragonese zapo and Basque apo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsa.pu/
* Rhymes: -apu
* Hyphenation: sa‧po

### Noun

sapo m (plural sapos, feminine sapa, feminine plural sapas)
* toad (amphibian in Anura with drier skin)
    Coordinate terms: rã, perereca
* (loosely, proscribed) anuran (any amphibian of the order Anura)
    Synonym: anuro

#### Derived terms

* engolir sapo
* sapal
* sapinho
* sapo seco
* sapo-aranzeiro
* sapo-boi
* sapo-cachorro
* sapo-concho
* sapo-conqueiro
* sapo-cururu
* sapo-de-unha-preta
* sapo-do-mar
* sapo-e-cobra
* sapo-ferreiro

## Spanish
### Etymology

Unknown, possibly an onomatopoeic borrowing from Iberian (denoting the noise a toad makes when upon falling into a puddle or onto wet ground), and cognate with Basque apo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsapo/ [ˈsa.po]
* Audio (Spain):(file)
* Rhymes: -apo
* Syllabification: sa‧po

### Adjective

sapo (feminine sapa, masculine plural sapos, feminine plural sapas)
* (Chile) ugly
* telltale, loudmouth

### Noun

sapo m (plural sapos, feminine sapa, feminine plural sapas)
* toad
* (Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, colloquial) a very curious person
* (Chile, Ecuador, Peru, colloquial) a voyeur
    Synonyms: mirón, voyeur
* (Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, colloquial, derogatory) informer
    Synonyms: informante, chivato, delator
* (Mexico) flapper valve

#### Derived terms

* ir de sapo
* piel de sapo
* salga sapo o salga rana
* sapo argentino
* sapo de caña
* sapo de cuatro ojos
* sapo espinoso
* sapo veranero

#### Related terms

* sapa
* sapear

#### Descendants

* → Gascon: sapo
* → San Juan Atzingo Popoloca: cosápo

#### See also

* rana f
* renacuajo m, ranacuajo m

### Further reading

* “sapo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* aspo
* paso
* poas
* posa
* sopa

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Compare sapupo.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /saˈpo/ [sɐˈpo]
* Rhymes: -o
* Syllabification: sa‧po

#### Adjective

sapó (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜉᜓ)
* held or supported carefully with the palms of one's hands
    Synonyms: sapupo, salo, hawak, hawak-hawak
* supported with a prop
    Synonyms: may-tukod, may-salo, may-sapo, salo-salo

##### Derived terms

* isapo
* may-sapo
* pagsapo
* pasapo
* sapo-sapo
* sapuhin

#### Noun

sapó (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜉᜓ)
* act of supporting or carrying by the palm of the hands
    Synonyms: sapupo, pagsapupo, salo, hawak
* temporary undersupport (to prevent from collapsing)

### Etymology 2

Compare pupo.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /saˈpoʔ/ [sɐˈpoʔ]
* Rhymes: -oʔ
* Syllabification: sa‧po

#### Noun

sapô (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜉᜓ)
* banana tree stump (after being cut down)
* overflowing of water on the road or field

##### See also

* sakwa
* tinampayakan

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /saˈpo/ [sɐˈpo]
* Rhymes: -o
* Syllabification: sa‧po

#### Noun

sapó (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜉᜓ)
* ochre; ocher; red earth
* red ochre used in polishing gold surfaces
* metallic coating or gilding

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈsapo/ [ˈsaː.po]
* Rhymes: -apo
* Syllabification: sa‧po

#### Noun

sapo (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜉᜓ)
* small cobweb usually found on low grasses with clinging drops of dew (especially in the early morning)

### References

* “sapo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* “sapo”, in Pinoy Dictionary, 2010–2025
* “sapo” in Tagalog-English Dictionary, TAGALOG LANG, 2007.
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
* Santos, Fr. Domingo de los (1835) Tomas Oliva, editor, Vocabulario de la lengua tagala: primera, y segunda parte.‎ (in Spanish), La imprenta nueva de D. Jose Maria Dayot

### Anagrams

* poas, sopa, paos, paso