# वीर
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वीर (vīra). Doublet of बीर (bīr).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʋiːɾ/
* Rhymes: -iːɾ

### Adjective

वीर • (vīr) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling ویر)
* heroic, brave

### Noun

वीर • (vīr) m (Urdu spelling ویر)
* hero, fighter, one who is brave

#### Derived terms

* महावीर (mahāvīr)
* शूरवीर (śūrvīr)

### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “वीर”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “वीर”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “वीर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Kashmiri
### Noun

वीर • (wīr) m (Perso-Arabic ویٖر)
* a hero

### Noun

वीर • (wīr) f (Perso-Arabic ویٖر)
* white willow (Salix alba)

## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘪𑘲𑘨 (vīra), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra), from Sanskrit वीर (vīra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋiɾ/, [ʋiːɾ]

### Adjective

वीर • (vīr)
* brave
    Synonym: शूर (śūr)

### Noun

वीर • (vīr) m
* hero, warrior, champion
* (literature, drama, dance) heroism — one of the eight rasas

#### Declension
### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “वीर”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “वीर”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* vīra (Latin script)
* 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* ৰীর (Bengali script)
* වීර (Sinhalese script)
* ဝီရ or ဝဳရ (Burmese script)
* วีร or วีระ (Thai script)
* ᩅᩦᩁ (Tai Tham script)
* ວີຣ or ວີຣະ (Lao script)
* វីរ (Khmer script)
* 𑅇𑄩𑄢 (Chakma script)

### Adjective

वीर
* Devanagari script form of vīra

### Noun

वीर m
* Devanagari script form of vīra

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱীৰ (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬷᬭ (Balinese script)
* বীর (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰱𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* ဝီရ (Burmese script)
* વીર (Gujarati script)
* ਵੀਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑍀𑌰 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦷꦫ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂲𑂩 (Kaithi script)
* ವೀರ (Kannada script)
* វីរ (Khmer script)
* ວີຣ (Lao script)
* വീര (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᡳᡳᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘲𑘨 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠢᠢᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧓𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐷𑐬 (Newa script)
* ଵୀର (Odia script)
* ꢮꢷꢬ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆵𑆫 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖱𑖨 (Siddham script)
* වීර (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩑𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚯𑚤 (Takri script)
* வீர (Tamil script)
* వీర (Telugu script)
* วีร (Thai script)
* ཝཱི་ར (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒲𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨁𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wiHrás (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós (“man”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬭𐬀 (vīra), Latin vir (“man”), Lithuanian výras, Old Irish fer, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair), Old Norse verr, Old English wer (whence English wer).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋiː.ɾɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈʋiː.ɾɐ/

### Noun

वीर • (vīrá) stem, m
* a man, especially a brave or eminent man, hero, chief
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.7.3:त्वद्विप्रो॑ जायते वा॒ज्य॑ग्ने॒ त्वद्वी॒रासो॑ अभिमाति॒षाहः॑ । वैश्वा॑नर॒ त्वम॒स्मासु॑ धेहि॒ वसू॑नि राजन्त्स्पृह॒याय्या॑णि ॥tvádvípro jāyate vājyàgne tvádvīrā́so abhimātiṣā́haḥ. vaíśvānara tvámasmā́su dhehi vásūni rājantspṛhayā́yyāṇi.The offerer of (sacrificial) food becomes wise, Agni, from you heroes become the vanquishers of foes; therefore, do you, royal vaiśvānara, bestow upon us enviable riches.
* husband
** c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
* male child, son
* the male of an animal
* heroism

#### Derived terms

* वीरभद्र (vīrabhadra)
* महावीर (mahāvīra)
* शूरवीर (śūravīra)

### Adjective

वीर • (vīrá) stem
* heroic, powerful, strong, excellent, eminent

#### Borrowed terms

* → Hindi: वीर (vīr)
* → Indonesian: wira
* → Javanese: wira
* → Kannada: ವೀರ (vīra)
* → Malay: wira
* → Malayalam: വീരം (vīraṁ)
* → Tamil: வீரம் (vīram), வீரன் (vīraṉ)
* → Telugu: వీర (vīra), వీరము (vīramu) వీరుడు (vīruḍu)

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Dameli: [script needed] (bīra, “male, he-goat”)
** Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (heriu, “husband”)
** Kalami: [script needed] (bīr, “he-goat”)
** Kalasha: [script needed] (bīra, “male, he-goat”), [script needed] (birãe, “male”)
** Kashmiri: ویٖر (vīr, “brave man”)
** Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (bīro, “male”)
** Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (wīr, “man”)
** Phalura: [script needed] (bhīrɔ̄, “male”), [script needed] (bhīro, “he-goat”)
** Shina: [script needed] (bīro, “male”)
** Tirahi: [script needed] (bir, “male”)
* Helu Prakrit:
** Dhivehi: ވީރު (vīru, “man”)
** Sinhalese: විරු (wiru, “man”)
* Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra)
** Assamese: বিরা (bira, “evil spirit”)
** Bengali: বীর (bir, “hero”)
** Maithili: बिर (bīr, “hero”)
* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra)
** Old Marathi: 𑘪𑘲𑘨 (vīra)
*** Marathi: वीर (vīr, “hero”)
* Pali: vīra
** Pali: vīra
*** Burmese: ဝီရ (wira.)
*** Khmer: វីរ (viirĕəʼ)
*** Lao: ວີລະ (wī la)
*** Thai: วีร (wii-rá-), พิร
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra)
** Gujarati: વીર (vīr), વીરૉ (vīrŏ, “brother (from a sister)”)
** Hindi: बीर (bīr, “warrior”)
** Kumaoni: बीर (bīr, “hero”)
** Nepali: बिर (bira, “wild boar”)
** Punjabi: ਵੀਰ (vīr, “hero”), ਬੀਰ (bīr, “brother (from a sister)”)
** Sindhi: वीरु (vīru, “hero, demon”)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “वीर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 1005/2-3.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 569-70
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vīrá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press