# кран
## Belarusian
### Noun

кра́н • (krán) m inan (genitive кра́на, nominative plural кра́ны)
* tap
** 1876, Mark Twain, Прыгоды Тома Соўэра (The Adventures of Tom Sawyer):На́шы хло́пчыкі падстаўля́лі галаву́ пад кран, каб асвяжы́цца.Nášy xlópčyki padstaŭljáli halavú pad kran, kab asvjažýcca.Some of us pumped on our heads.(literally, “Our boys put their heads under the taps to freshen themselves.”)
* crane (machine)

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### References

* “кран” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

## Bulgarian
### Etymology 1

From Dutch kraan through Russian кран (kran).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kran]
* Rhymes: -an

#### Noun

кран • (kran) m (diminutive кра́нче)
* faucet, tap (a device for starting and stopping liquid or gas from a tank/pipeline)
    Synonyms: кане́ла (kanéla), кла́пан (klápan), чеп (čep)
    завъ́ртам (отва́рям/затва́рям) кра́н на чешма́ ― zavǎ́rtam (otvárjam/zatvárjam) krán na češmá ― to turn (on/off) a sink's faucet

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Kran.

#### Pronunciation

IPA: [kran]

#### Noun

кран • (kran) m
* crane (machine for lifting and moving loads; forklift)
    Кра́нът разтова́рва парахо́да.Kránǎt raztovárva parahóda.The crane unloads the steamer.

##### Declension
### References

* “кран”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “кран”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Kazakh

Alternative scripts :
| Arabic | كران |
| Cyrillic | кран |
| Latin | kran |

### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian кран (kran), from Dutch kraan or from Low German kran.

### Noun

кран • (kran)
* (machine) crane

#### Declension
## Macedonian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Kran.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kran]
* Hyphenation: кран

### Noun

кран • (kran) m (plural кранови, diminutive кранче)
* crane (machinery)
    Synonym: дигалка (digalka)

#### Declension
## Russian
### Alternative forms

* кранъ (kran) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
* крант (krant)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch kraan or from Low German kran. Cognate to German Kranich (“crane”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kran]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -an

### Noun

кран • (kran) m inan (genitive кра́на, nominative plural кра́ны or краны́$^*$, genitive plural кра́нов or крано́в$^*$, relational adjective краново́й or кра́новый, diminutive кра́ник) (* professional usage)
* (engineering) valve (a ball valve, a plug valve, or similar rotating device controlling flow through a pipe)
* faucet, tap, spigot
* (machine) crane

#### Declension

$^*$Professional usage.

#### Derived terms

* вода́ и́з-под кра́на (vodá íz-pod krána)

#### Related terms

* кра́ник (kránik), крановщи́к (kranovščík), крановщи́ца (kranovščíca), стоп-кра́н (stop-krán), автокра́н (avtokrán)
* краново́й (kranovój)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: կռան (kṙan), կռանթ (kṙantʻ)
* → Azerbaijani: kran
* → Bezhta: каран (karan)
* → Estonian: kraana
* → Georgian: კრანი (ḳrani), კრანტი (ḳranṭi)
* → Kazakh: кран (kran)
* → Kildin Sami: кранн (krann)
* → Kyrgyz: кран (kran)
* → Mingrelian: კრანი (ḳrani), კრანტი (ḳranṭi)
* → Mongolian: кран (kran)
* → Polish: kran
* → Tajik: кран (kran)
* → Turkmen: kran
* → Uzbek: kran
* → Yakut: кыраан (kıraan)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From German Kran.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /krâːn/
* Rhymes: -âːn

### Noun

кра̑н m (Latin spelling krȃn)
* (machine) crane

#### Declension
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Kran.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kran]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

кран • (kran) m inan (genitive кра́на, nominative plural кра́ни, genitive plural кра́нів, relational adjective кра́новий, diminutive кра́ник)
* tap, faucet, spigot
    водопрові́дний кран ― vodoprovídnyj kran ― water tap

#### Declension
### Noun

кран • (kran) m inan (genitive кра́на, nominative plural кра́ни, genitive plural кра́нів, relational adjective кра́новий)
* crane (mechanical lifting machine or device, often used for lifting heavy loads for industrial or construction purposes)
    мостови́й кран ― mostovýj kran ― bridge crane, overhead crane

#### Derived terms

* ба́штовий кра́н m (báštovyj krán, “tower crane”)
* кранівни́к m (kranivnýk), кранівни́ця f (kranivnýcja)
* кранови́й m (kranovýj), кранова́ f (kranová)

### References

* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1989), “кран”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 3 (Кора – М), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 75

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кран”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2010), “кран”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (а – бязь), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “кран”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “кран”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “кран”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “кран”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)