# 具足
## Chinese
### Etymology
#### "accomplished; etc."

    Attested in early Chinese Buddhist literature such as the Dīrghāgama, possibly a semantic loan from Middle Indo-Aryan, e.g. Gandhari 𐨯𐨨𐨗𐨡𐨁 (samajadi, “to fall to”) as attested in the Khotan Dhammapada; in turn from Sanskrit संपद्यते (saṃpadyate), from सं- (saṃ-, “together; fully”) + √पद् (√pad, “to go”); cognate with Pali sampajjati (past passive participle sampanna) and Tocharian B phalasaṃpat (“prosperity”). The loan translation is notable for its precision in both the meaning and component-wise literal correspondence, as पद् (pad) derives from the PIE *pṓds (“foot”), in Chinese 足 (“foot”), while the character can also mean "full; adequate; sufficient; ready", etc.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jùzú
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˋ ㄗㄨˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jùzú
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˋ ㄗㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyùzú
*** Wade–Giles: chü$^4$-tsu$^2$
*** Yale: jyù-dzú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuhtzwu
*** Palladius: цзюйцзу (czjujczu)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy⁵¹ t͡su³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: gjuH tsjuH|tsjowk
Rime :
| Character | 具 | 足 | 足 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 虞 (24) | 燭 (8) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 其遇切 | 子句切 | 即玉切 |
| Baxter | gjuH | tsjuH | tsjowk |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨo$^H$/ | /t͡sɨo$^H$/ | /t͡sɨok̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡio$^H$/ | /t͡sio$^H$/ | /t͡siok̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡio$^H$/ | /t͡sio$^H$/ | /t͡siok̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /guə̆$^H$/ | /t͡suə̆$^H$/ | /t͡suawk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡio$^H$/ | /t͡sio$^H$/ | /t͡siok̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭu$^H$/ | /t͡sĭu$^H$/ | /t͡sĭwok̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯u$^H$/ | /t͡si̯u$^H$/ | /t͡si̯wok̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jù | jù | zu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | geoi$^6$ | zeoi$^3$ | zuk$^1$ |

### Adjective

具足
* (literary) adequate; sufficient; abundant
* (Buddhism) accomplished; complete; successful

#### Synonyms

* nan-qua+nan-xia+nan-hbl-TW:充盛
* 充足 (chōngzú)
* 夠事 / 够事 (Wu)
* 夠額 / 够额 (Hokkien)
* 足夠 / 足够 (zúgòu)
* 足額 / 足额 (zú'é)
* 雄厚 (xiónghòu) (more than sufficient)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 具(ぐ)足(そく) (gusoku)
* → Korean: 구족(具足) (gujok)

### Verb

具足
* (literary) to possess; to be equipped with; to have

#### Synonyms

* 享有 (xiǎngyǒu) (rights, privileges, prestige, etc.)
* 佔 / 占
* 佔有 / 占有 (zhànyǒu)
* 佔用 / 占用 (zhànyòng)
* 佔領 / 占领 (zhànlǐng)
* 保有 (bǎoyǒu)
* 具備 / 具备 (jùbèi)
* 具有 (jùyǒu)
* 富有 (fùyǒu) (to be full of)
* 所有 (suǒyǒu)
* 持有 (chíyǒu)
* 據 / 据
* 擁有 / 拥有 (yōngyǒu)
* 據有 / 据有 (jùyǒu)
* 自有 (zìyǒu)
* 領有 / 领有 (lǐngyǒu)

#### Derived terms

* 具足戒
* 十相具足

## Japanese
### Etymology

Kanji in this term :
| 具 | 足 |
| ぐ Grade: 3 | そく Grade: 1 |
| goon ||
From Old Japanese 具足 (gusoku). First cited to a portion of the 続日本紀 (Shoku Nihongi) dated to 722.
In turn, borrowed from Middle Chinese compound 具足 (MC gjuH tsjowk, “to suffice; sufficient”, literally “provide, furnish + enough, abundant”), in evidence since at least the Lunheng of the first century CE.
Within Japanese, also analyzable as a compound of 具 (gu, “gear, equipment, furnishings”) + 足 (soku, “adding, making adequate”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぐそく [gùsókú] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) ぐそく [gúꜜsòkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɡɯ̟so̞kɯ̟]

### Noun

具(ぐ)足(そく) • (gusoku)
* [from 722] the state of being fully equipped, furnished, or in order
* [from 1120] possession, having something in hand, bringing something
    Synonyms: 所有 (shoyū), 携持 (keiji)
* [from 1120] (archaic) a retainer, a servant, an attendant of a household
    Synonyms: 家来 (kerai), 従者 (jūsha)
* [from early 1200s] accompaniment, the act of going with someone; a companion
    Synonym: 伴い (tomonai)
* [from early 1200s] a soldier's equipment: weapons, arms, armor
    Synonyms: (armor as a full set, including helmets, gauntlets, etc.) 甲冑 (katchū, literally “armor + helmet”), 武具 (bugu, “arms and armor”)
* [from 1221] equipment, gear, furnishings, furniture, supplies, effects
    Synonyms: 道具 (dōgu, “equipment, gear, tool”), 調度 (chōdo, “furnishing, furniture, supplies”), 所持品 (shojihin, “property, effects”)
* [from 1275] the act of putting something together with something else, adding something, appending something; the thing itself, such as a side dish or appendage
    Synonym: 添え物 (soemono)
* [from 1349] (poetry) the subject matter alluded to by a 連歌 (renga, “linked poem”)
    Synonym: 素材 (sozai, “subject matter”, in general)
* [from 1353] (archaic) construction materials, building materials
    Synonym: 建材 (kenzai)
* [from late 1300s] (archaic) marriage, the act of being together as man and wife; one's spouse
    Synonyms: 連れ添い (tsuresoi, “marriage; spouse”), 夫婦 (fūfu, “husband and wife, married couple”), 配偶者 (haigūsha, “spouse”)
* [from late 1600s] (more specifically) body armor (excluding helmets, gauntlets, etc.)
    Synonym: 鎧 (yoroi)
* [from 1079] (Buddhism) short for 具足戒 (gusoku kai, “a precept or commandment that must be followed by monastics”)
* [from 1504] short for 具足武者 (gusoku musha, “an armored warrior, an armored soldier”)

### Verb

具(ぐ)足(そく)する • (gusoku suru) suru (stem 具(ぐ)足(そく)し (gusoku shi), past 具(ぐ)足(そく)した (gusoku shita))
* [from 722] to fully equip or furnish something, to put something in order
* [from 1120] to possess something, to have something in hand, to bring something
    Synonyms: 所有 (shoyū), 携持 (keiji), 携え持つ (tazusaemotsu)
* [from early 1200s] to accompany, to go with someone
    Synonyms: 伴う (tomonau), 引き連れる (hikitsureru)
* [from 1275] to put something together with something else, add something, append something
    Synonym: 添える (soeru)
* [from late 1300s] (archaic) to marry, to be together as man and wife
    Synonym: 連れ添う (tsuresou)

#### Inflection

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 具足し | ぐそくし | gusoku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 具足し | ぐそくし | gusoku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 具足する | ぐそくする | gusoku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 具足する | ぐそくする | gusoku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 具足すれ | ぐそくすれ | gusoku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 具足せよ¹ 具足しろ² | ぐそくせよ¹ ぐそくしろ² | gusoku seyo¹ gusoku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 具足される | ぐそくされる | gusoku sareru |
| Causative | 具足させる 具足さす | ぐそくさせる ぐそくさす | gusoku saseru gusoku sasu |
| Potential | 具足できる | ぐそくできる | gusoku dekiru |
| Volitional | 具足しよう | ぐそくしよう | gusoku shiyō |
| Negative | 具足しない | ぐそくしない | gusoku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 具足せず | ぐそくせず | gusoku sezu |
| Formal | 具足します | ぐそくします | gusoku shimasu |
| Perfective | 具足した | ぐそくした | gusoku shita |
| Conjunctive | 具足して | ぐそくして | gusoku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 具足すれば | ぐそくすれば | gusoku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### See also

* 具(そ)足(だ)る (sodaru, “to fully furnish something, to put something in order”, archaic)

### Derived terms

* 一(いち)領(りょう)具(ぐ)足(そく) (ichiryō gusoku)
* 射(い)手(て)具(ぐ)足(そく) (ite gusoku)
* 上(うわ)具(ぐ)足(そく) (uwa-gusoku)
* 越(えっ)中(ちゅう)具(ぐ)足(そく) (etchū gusoku)
* 円(えん)満(まん)具(ぐ)足(そく) (enman gusoku, “fully equipped, fully prepared, fully furnished”)
* 大(おお)具(ぐ)足(そく) (ō-gusoku)
* 加(か)賀(が)具(ぐ)足(そく) (kaga gusoku)
* 数(かず)具(ぐ)足(そく) (kazu gusoku)
* 歩(かち)具(ぐ)足(そく) (kachi gusoku)
* 革(かわ)具(ぐ)足(そく) (kawa gusoku)
* 切(き)り具(ぐ)足(そく) (kiri gusoku)
* 鞍(くら)具(ぐ)足(そく) (kura gusoku, “horse tack”)
* 黒(くろ)具(ぐ)足(そく) (kuro gusoku)
* 小(こ)具(ぐ)足(そく) (ko-gusoku)
* 五(ご)具(ご)足(そく) (go gosoku)
* 三(さん)具(ぐ)足(そく) (san gusoku)
* 攻(せ)め具(ぐ)足(そく) (seme gusoku)
* 背(せ)割(わり)具(ぐ)足(そく) (sewari gusoku)
* 竹(たけ)具(ぐ)足(そく) (take gusoku)
* 手(て)具(ぐ)足(そく) (te gusoku)
* 当(とう)世(せい)具(ぐ)足(そく) (tōsei gusoku)
* 長(なが)具(ぐ)足(そく) (naga gusoku)
* 人(にん)人(にん)具(ぐ)足(そく) (ninnin gusoku)
* 馬(ば)具(ぐ)足(そく) (ba-gusoku, “horse armor”)
* 番(ばん)具(ぐ)足(そく) (ban gusoku)
* 三(みつ)具(ぐ)足(そく) (mitsu gusoku)
* 諸(もろ)具(ぐ)足(そく) (moro gusoku, “a soldier's complete kit: armor, weapons, scabbard, quiver, etc.”)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)親(おや) (gusoku oya)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)戒(かい) (gusoku kai)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)帷(かた)子(びら) (gusoku katabira)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)金(がね) (gusoku-gane)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)細(ざい)工(く) (gusoku-zaiku)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)師(し) (gusokushi)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)下(じた) (gusoku-jita)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)鯛(だい) (gusoku-dai)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)棚(だな) (gusoku-dana)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)煮(に) (gusokuni)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)羽(ば)織(おり) (gusoku-baori)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)開(びら)き (gusoku-biraki)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)奉(ぶ)行(ぎょう) (gusoku-bugyō)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)武(む)者(しゃ) (gusoku musha)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)餅(もち) (gusoku mochi)
* 具(ぐ)足(そく)屋(や) (gusoku ya)

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN