# 分裂
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fēnliè
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄣ ㄌㄧㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fan$^1$ lit$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fûn-lie̍t
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hun-lia̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hung$^1$ lih$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fēnliè
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄣ ㄌㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fenliè
*** Wade–Giles: fên$^1$-lieh$^4$
*** Yale: fēn-lyè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenlieh
*** Palladius: фэньле (fɛnʹle)
*** Sinological IPA : /fən⁵⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$分列 分裂
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fan$^1$ lit$^6$
*** Yale: fān liht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fan$^1$ lit$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fen$^1$ lid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐn⁵⁵ liːt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fûn-lie̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: fun$^ˊ$ lied
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fun$^1$ liad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /fun²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯et̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun-lia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: hun-lia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hunliat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² liɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³ liɛt̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² liɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛt̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hung$^1$ lih$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hung li̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /huŋ³³⁻²³ liʔ⁴/

### Verb

分裂
* to break; to split
    分裂分子 ― fēnliè fènzǐ ― separatist

#### Synonyms

* 分化 (fēnhuà)
* 決裂／决裂 (juéliè)
* 破裂 (pòliè)

#### Antonyms

* 統一／统一 (tǒngyī)
* 團結／团结 (tuánjié)

### Noun

分裂
* fission

### Derived terms

* 二分裂 (èrfēnliè)
* 人格分裂 (réngé fēnliè)
* 分裂主義 / 分裂主义 (fēnliè zhǔyì)
* 分裂期
* 分裂症 (fēnlièzhèng)
* 四分五裂 (sìfēnwǔliè)
* 有絲分裂 / 有丝分裂 (yǒusī fēnliè)
* 核分裂 (héfēnliè)
* 減數分裂 / 减数分裂 (jiǎnshù fēnliè)
* 細胞分裂 / 细胞分裂 (xìbāo fēnliè)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 分 | 裂 |
| ぶん Grade: 2 | れつ Grade: S |
| goon ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぶんれつ [bùńrétsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [bɯ̟̃n̺ɾe̞t͡sɨ]

### Noun

分(ぶん)裂(れつ) • (bunretsu)
* division, split, breakup

#### Antonyms

* 融合(ゆうごう) (yūgō): combination, fusion

#### Derived terms

* 原(げん)子(し)核(かく)分(ぶん)裂(れつ) (genshikaku bunretsu, “nuclear fission”)
* 細(さい)胞(ぼう)分(ぶん)裂(れつ) (saibō bunretsu, “cell division”)
* 減(げん)数(すう)分(ぶん)裂(れつ) (gensū bunretsu, “meiosis”)

### Verb

分(ぶん)裂(れつ)する • (bunretsu suru) suru (stem 分(ぶん)裂(れつ)し (bunretsu shi), past 分(ぶん)裂(れつ)した (bunretsu shita))
* be divided; be split; break up

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 分裂し | ぶんれつし | bunretsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 分裂し | ぶんれつし | bunretsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 分裂する | ぶんれつする | bunretsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 分裂する | ぶんれつする | bunretsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 分裂すれ | ぶんれつすれ | bunretsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 分裂せよ¹ 分裂しろ² | ぶんれつせよ¹ ぶんれつしろ² | bunretsu seyo¹ bunretsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 分裂される | ぶんれつされる | bunretsu sareru |
| Causative | 分裂させる 分裂さす | ぶんれつさせる ぶんれつさす | bunretsu saseru bunretsu sasu |
| Potential | 分裂できる | ぶんれつできる | bunretsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 分裂しよう | ぶんれつしよう | bunretsu shiyō |
| Negative | 分裂しない | ぶんれつしない | bunretsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 分裂せず | ぶんれつせず | bunretsu sezu |
| Formal | 分裂します | ぶんれつします | bunretsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 分裂した | ぶんれつした | bunretsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 分裂して | ぶんれつして | bunretsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 分裂すれば | ぶんれつすれば | bunretsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ “分裂”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here