# 燦爛
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cànlàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄢˋ ㄌㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): caan$^3$ laan$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhan-lan
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhàn-lān
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cànlàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˋ ㄌㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cànlàn
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻan$^4$-lan$^4$
*** Yale: tsàn-làn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsannlann
*** Palladius: цаньлань (canʹlanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ län⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caan$^3$ laan$^6$
*** Yale: chaan laahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaan$^3$ laan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: can$^3$ lan$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːn³³ laːn²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhan-lan
*** Hakka Romanization System: can lan
*** Hagfa Pinyim: can$^4$ lan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰan⁵⁵ lan⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhàn-lān
*** Tâi-lô: tshàn-lān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zharnlan
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰan²¹⁻⁵³ lan²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰan²¹⁻⁵³ lan²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰan¹¹⁻⁵³ lan³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰan²¹⁻⁴¹ lan³³/
* Middle Chinese: tshanH lanH
Rime :
| Character | 燦 | 爛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 蒼案切 | 郎旰切 |
| Baxter | tshanH | lanH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰɑn$^H$/ | /lɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰɑn$^H$/ | /lɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰɑn$^H$/ | /lɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰan$^H$/ | /lan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰɑn$^H$/ | /lɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰɑn$^H$/ | /lɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sʰɑn$^H$/ | /lɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | càn | làn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | caan$^3$ | laan$^6$ |

### Adjective

燦爛
* resplendent; bright; glittering
* gorgeous; magnificent; splendid; outstanding; distinguished
    燦爛文化／灿烂文化 ― cànlàn wénhuà ― magnificent culture

#### Synonyms

* (resplendent): 鮮亮／鲜亮 (xiānliàng), 鮮明／鲜明 (xiānmíng), 鮮豔／鲜艳 (xiānyàn), (literary) 顯明／显明 (xiǎnmíng)
* (gorgeous): 絢爛／绚烂 (xuànlàn)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “resplendent”): 暗淡 (àndàn)

#### Derived terms

* 光明燦爛 / 光明灿烂
* 光輝燦爛 / 光辉灿烂 (guānghuīcànlàn)
* 燈光燦爛 / 灯光灿烂
* 燦爛奪目 / 灿烂夺目
* 燦爛炳煥 / 灿烂炳焕
* 燦爛輝煌 / 灿烂辉煌
* 金光燦爛 / 金光灿烂

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 燦爛(さんらん) (sanran)
* → Korean: 찬란(燦爛) (challan)
* → Vietnamese: xán lạn (燦爛)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 燦 | 爛 |
| さん Jinmeiyō | らん Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) さんらん [sàńráń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [sã̠n̺ɾã̠ɴ]

### Adjective

燦(さん)爛(らん) • (sanran) $^†$-tari (adnominal 燦(さん)爛(らん)とした (sanran to shita) or 燦(さん)爛(らん)たる (sanran taru), adverbial 燦(さん)爛(らん)と (sanran to) or 燦(さん)爛(らん)として (sanran to shite))
* (archaic) bright, brilliant, resplendent

#### Synonyms

* 輝(かがや)かしい (kagayakashii)
* 鮮麗(せんれい) (senrei)
* 燦然(さんぜん) (sanzen)
* 燦々(さんさん) (sansan)
* 赫々(かくかく) (kakukaku)
* 絢爛(けんらん) (kenran)
* 煌々(こうこう) (kōkō)

### Adverb

燦(さん)爛(らん) • (sanran)
* brightly, brilliantly, resplendently

#### Usage notes

* Takes the と (to) particle.

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 燦 | 爛 |

### Adjective

燦爛
* chữ Hán form of xán lạn (“bright”).