# tamen
## Esperanto
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tamen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtamen]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -amen
* Hyphenation: ta‧men

### Adverb

tamen
* however, nevertheless
    Mi devis rezigni miajn dezirojn kaj celojn, sed nun mi tamen estas kontenta.I had to resign my aspirations and objectives, but now I am nevertheless content.

### Particle

tamen
* (in response to a negative question or statement) yes; indeed
    Synonym: jes ja
    "Vi ne scipovas stiri biciklon." — "Tamen!""You don't know how to ride a bicycle." — "Yes I do!"
    "Ĉu vi ne venas al la festo?" — "Tamen!""Are you not coming to the party?" — "Indeed I am!"

## Ido
### Etymology

From Esperanto, from Latin tamen.

### Adverb

tamen
* however, nevertheless

## Japanese
### Romanization

tamen
* Rōmaji transcription of ためん

## Latin
### Etymology

From tam +‎ -em. Last particle in īdem. Compare with its later doublet: tandem, both with original meaning supposedly "so(much)ever".

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈta.men/, [ˈt̪ämɛn]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈta.men/, [ˈt̪äːmen]
* Note: unlike in tametsī, the graphic m does represent the bilabial nasal /m/.

### Adverb

tamen (not comparable)
* (usually postpositive, also initial and final) however, in spite of this
** (preceded by et, atque/ac, neque/nec, at, sed, vērum)
    ac tamen... ― and yet...
*** 106 BCE – 43 BCE, Cicero, Atticus 13:ex duobus librīs contulī in quattuor: grandiōrēs sunt omnīnō quam erant illī, sed tamen multa dētractafrom two books, I have [in their place] arranged four: they are ampler, in every way, than what used to be [contained] in that [previous arrangement of two books], and yet [all that being said], I have also removed many things(literally, “from two books, I have [in their place] arranged four: they are ampler, in every way, than what used to be [contained] in that [previous arrangement of two books], and yet [all that being said], I have also pulled out many things”)
* (expressing a concession) nevertheless, yet, still
** 166 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Andria 864:Simo: Nihil audiō! Ego iam tē commōtum reddam! Davus: Tamen etsī hoc vērum·st? Simo: Tamen!Simo: I'm not listening! Your heart strings are about to get a real good tugging! Davus: Even if it's true? Simo: Even so!(literally, “...I'm about to make you greatly moved...”)
* all the same, just the same (in spite of appearances of the contrary)
** c. 191 BCE, Plautus, Pseudolus 405: […] vīginti minās, quae nūsquam nunc sunt gentium, inveniam tamen. […] those twenty minas, which are currently nowhere to be found, I'll find them all the same.
* (in an aside) although, even if
* (in a limiting clause) (also with ut or ne) at least

#### Synonyms

* (nevertheless, yet): etsi, quamquam, at, sed, ast

#### Derived terms

* tamendem
* attamen
* tamen etsī
* vērumtamen

#### Related terms

| type | demonstrative | demonstrative | demonstrative | anaphoric | identity | interrogative/ relative | indefinite | indefinite | indefinite | indefinite | indefinite | negative | other |
| type | proximal | medial | distal | anaphoric | identity | interrogative/ relative | relative | indefinite | free choice | universal | negative polarity | negative | other |
| basic | hic | iste, istic | ille, illic | is | ipse, īdem | quis/quī | quisquis, quīcumque | quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam | quīvis, quīlibet | quisque | quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam | nēmō, nihil, nūllus | alius |
| dual | | | | | | uter | utercumque | alteruter | utervīs, uterlibet | uterque | | neuter | alter |
| place | hīc | istīc | illīc | ibī̆ | ibī̆dem | ubī̆ | ubiubi, ubī̆cumque | alicubī, uspiam | ubivīs, ubilibet | ubīque | usquam | nusquam, nūllibī | alibī, aliās |
| source | hinc | istinc | illinc | inde | indidem | unde | undecumque, undeunde | alicunde | °undelibet | undique | | | aliunde |
| destination | hūc, °hōrsum | istūc, °istōrsum | illūc, °illōrsum | eō | eōdem | quō, quōrsum | quōquō, quōcumque | aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum | quōvīs, quōlibet | | quōquam | nusquam, nūllōrsum | aliō, aliōrsum |
| method, means, path, place | hāc | istāc | illāc | eā | eādem | quā | quāquā, quācumque | aliquā | quāvīs, quālibet | quāque | | nēquāquam, haudquāquam | aliā |
| manner | hōc modō | istō modō | illō modō | ita, sīc, eō modō | item, itidem | ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum | utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque | quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō | quōmodolibet | utīque | ūllō modō | nūllō modō | aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō |
| time | num, nunc | | ōlim | tum, tunc | simul | quandō, ‡cum | cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque | quondam, aliquandō | quandōlibet | quandōque | umquam | numquam | aliās |
| quantity | | | | tam | †tamen, †tandem | quam | †quamquam | aliquam | quamvīs, quamlibet | | | | |
| size | | | | tantus | tantusdem | quantus | quantuscumque | aliquantus | quantusvīs, quantuslibet | | | | |
| quality | | | | tālis | | quālis | quālis, quāliscumque | aliquālis | quālislibet | | | | |
| number | | | | tot | totidem | quot | quotquot, quotcumque | aliquot | quotlibet | | | | |
| order | | | | totus | | quotus | quotuscumque | aliquotus | quotuslibet | | | | |
| repetition | | | | totiēns | | quotiēns | quotiēnscumque | aliquotiēns | quotiēnslibet | | | | |
| multiplication | | | | totuplex | | quotuplex | | | | | | | |
| † Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare ‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative ||||||||||||||

#### Descendants

* Sardinian: tàmen, tàmes
* → Esperanto: tamen
* → Ido: tamen
* → Interlingua: tamen

### References

* “tamen” on page 2098 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
* Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page ???

### Further reading

* “tamen”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “tamen”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* tamen in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From tame (“tame”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

#### Verb

tamen (third-person singular simple present tameth, present participle tamende, tamynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle tamed)
* to tame, domesticate
* to subdue, overcome

##### Descendants

* English: tame
* Scots: tame

#### References

* “tāmen, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2

Shortening of attamen (“to cut, pierce”) or entamen (“to injure”), both from Old French.

#### Verb

tamen (third-person singular simple present tameth, present participle tamende, tamynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle tamed)
* to cut into, carve
* to broach (a keg, bottle; a subject)

##### Alternative forms

* tame

##### Descendants

* English: tame
* Scots: tame

#### References

* “tāmen, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Tumleo
### Noun

tamen
* woman

### References

* Stephen Adolphe Wurm, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study (1976)