# 窕

| 窕 | U+7A95, &#31381; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A95 |
| ← 窔 [U+7A94] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 窖 → [U+7A96] |

## Translingual
### Han character

窕 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十金中一人 (JCLMO), four-corner 3011$_3$, composition ⿱穴兆)
* slender
* quiet and modest, charming

#### Derived characters

* 𠻩, 𡡃, 𢳙

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 865, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25496
* Dae Jaweon: page 1293, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2729, character 9
* Unihan data for U+7A95

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 窕
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 挑 | *l̥ʰaːw, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːwʔ |
| 洮 | *l̥ʰaːw, *l'aːw, *lew |
| 桃 | *l'aːw |
| 逃 | *l'aːw |
| 咷 | *l'aːw, *l̥ʰeːws |
| 鼗 | *l'aːw |
| 鞉 | *l'aːw |
| 駣 | *l'aːw, *l'aːwʔ, *l'aːws, *l'ewʔ |
| 𣂁 | *sl̥ʰew |
| 脁 | *l̥ʰews |
| 晁 | *l'ew |
| 兆 | *l'ewʔ |
| 旐 | *l'ewʔ |
| 狣 | *l'ewʔ |
| 鮡 | *l'ewʔ, *l'eːw |
| 垗 | *l'ewʔ |
| 姚 | *lew |
| 珧 | *lew |
| 銚 | *lew, *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːws |
| 恌 | *lew, *l̥ʰeːw |
| 烑 | *lew |
| 餆 | *lew |
| 筄 | *lews |
| 艞 | *lews |
| 佻 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l'eːw |
| 祧 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 朓 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːwʔ |
| 庣 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 趒 | *l̥ʰeːw, *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw |
| 聎 | *l̥ʰeːw |
| 眺 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 覜 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 頫 | *l̥ʰeːws, *poʔ |
| 絩 | *l̥ʰeːws |
| 跳 | *l̥ʰeːws, *l'eːw |
| 窕 | *l'eːwʔ |
| 誂 | *l'eːwʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'eːwʔ): semantic 穴 (“cave”) + phonetic 兆 (OC *l'ewʔ).

### Etymology

Possibly cognate to 竅 (OC *kʰleːwɢs) (Schuessler, 2007)

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tiǎo (tiao$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tiu$^5$ / diu$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thiáu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tiǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tiǎo
*** Wade–Giles: tʻiao$^3$
*** Yale: tyǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: teau
*** Palladius: тяо (tjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tiu$^5$ / diu$^6$
*** Yale: tíuh / diuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tiu$^5$ / diu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tiu$^5$ / diu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːu̯¹³/, /tiːu̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiáu
*** Tâi-lô: thiáu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tiao
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiau⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiau⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiau⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰiau⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiau⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: dewX
Rime :
| Character | 窕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 徒了切 |
| Baxter | dewX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /deu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /deu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /deu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dɛw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /deu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /dieu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱieu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | diào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | diu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤ[e]wʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'eːwʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 窕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tiǎo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dew$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁ[e]wʔ/ |
| English | 窈窕 beautiful |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 窕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16893 |
| Phonetic component | 兆 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 窕 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'eːwʔ/ |

#### Definitions

窕
* Used in 窈窕 (yǎotiǎo).
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to bore, to perforate
    From: Huainanzi, 2nd century BCE
    “Shuōshān”, “shuōlín” zhě, suǒyǐ qiào tiǎo chuān záo bǎishì zhī yōng'è, ér tōng xíng guàn jiōng wànwù zhī zhìsài zhě yě. [Pinyin]
    “A Mountain of Persuasions” and “A Forest of Persuasions” demonstrate how to skillfully and elegantly penetrate and bore open the blockages and obstructions of the hundred affairs and thoroughly and comprehensively penetrate and pierce the barriers and hindrances of the myriad things.
* gap; unfilled space
* unfilled
    From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE
    Bùchōng zé bùzhān, bùzhān zé tiǎo. [Pinyin]
    Not satisfied, thus not contented; not contented, thus unfulfilled.
* false; superficial
* small

#### Compounds

* 目窕心與 / 目窕心与
* 窈窕 (yǎotiǎo)
* 窅窕
* 窈窕淑女 (yǎotiǎoshūnǚ)
* 窕言
* 裊窕 / 袅窕

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yáo (yao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yáo
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^2$
*** Yale: yáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
*** Palladius: яо (jao)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯³⁵/

#### Definitions

窕
* Alternative form of 姚 (yáo)

#### Compounds

* 窕冶

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tiāo (tiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄠ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tiao
*** Wade–Giles: tʻiao$^1$
*** Yale: tyāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tiau
*** Palladius: тяо (tjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

窕
* Alternative form of 佻

### References

* “窕”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ちょう (chō)
* Kun: うつくしい (utsukushī)

## Korean
### Hanja

窕 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.