# mela
## English
### Etymology

From Urdu میلہ (mela)/Hindi मेला (melā), from Sanskrit मेलक (melaka).

### Noun

mela (plural melas)
* A Hindu religious festival.
* A South Asian fair. [from 19th c.]
** 2008, Amitav Ghosh, Sea of Poppies, Penguin, published 2015, page 53:Kalua was a man of unusual height and powerful build: in any fair, festival or mela, he could always be spotted towering above the crowd—even the jugglers on stilts were usually not so tall as he.
** 2011, Arupa Patangia Kalita, translated by Deepika Phukan, The Story of Felanee:Every year there was a mela in the small village where Jutimala lived and Khitish would send three workers to set up a stall there.

### Anagrams

* Elma, amel, -meal, meal, alme, Lema, male-, Male, male, leam, lame, lamé, Leam, Elam, Malé, lema

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmɛla]
* Hyphenation: me‧la

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

mela f
* melee
    Synonyms: tlačenice, zmatek, chaos
* brawl
    Synonym: rvačka

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

mela
* masculine singular present transgressive of mlít

### Further reading

* “mela”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “mela”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *mëla, from Proto-Finno-Permic *melä. Cognates include Karelian mela, Ludian mela (“oar”), Veps mela (“oar”), Estonian mõla (“paddle, oar”), Votic mõla (“paddle, oar”), Livvi mela (“paddle, oar”), Northern Sami mealli (“oar”), Erzya миле (mile, “oar, paddle”), Komi-Zyrian маль (maľ, “oar”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmelɑ/, [ˈme̞lɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -elɑ
* Hyphenation: me‧la

### Noun

mela
* paddle (oar-like implement)
* (slang) dick (penis)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of mela (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
melani
melani
accusative
nom.
melani
melani
gen.
melani
genitive
melani
melojeni melaini $^{rare}$
partitive
melaani
melojani
inessive
melassani
meloissani
elative
melastani
meloistani
illative
melaani
meloihini
adessive
melallani
meloillani
ablative
melaltani
meloiltani
allative
melalleni
meloilleni
essive
melanani
meloinani
translative
melakseni
meloikseni
abessive
melattani
meloittani
instructive
comitative
—meloineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
melasi
melasi
accusative
nom.
melasi
melasi
gen.
melasi
genitive
melasi
melojesi melaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
melaasi
melojasi
inessive
melassasi
meloissasi
elative
melastasi
meloistasi
illative
melaasi
meloihisi
adessive
melallasi
meloillasi
ablative
melaltasi
meloiltasi
allative
melallesi
meloillesi
essive
melanasi
meloinasi
translative
melaksesi
meloiksesi
abessive
melattasi
meloittasi
instructive
comitative
—meloinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
melamme
melamme
accusative
nom.
melamme
melamme
gen.
melamme
genitive
melamme
melojemme melaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
melaamme
melojamme
inessive
melassamme
meloissamme
elative
melastamme
meloistamme
illative
melaamme
meloihimme
adessive
melallamme
meloillamme
ablative
melaltamme
meloiltamme
allative
melallemme
meloillemme
essive
melanamme
meloinamme
translative
melaksemme
meloiksemme
abessive
melattamme
meloittamme
instructive
comitative
—meloinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
melanne
melanne
accusative
nom.
melanne
melanne
gen.
melanne
genitive
melanne
melojenne melainne $^{rare}$
partitive
melaanne
melojanne
inessive
melassanne
meloissanne
elative
melastanne
meloistanne
illative
melaanne
meloihinne
adessive
melallanne
meloillanne
ablative
melaltanne
meloiltanne
allative
melallenne
meloillenne
essive
melananne
meloinanne
translative
melaksenne
meloiksenne
abessive
melattanne
meloittanne
instructive
comitative
—meloinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
melansa
melansa
accusative
nom.
melansa
melansa
gen.
melansa
genitive
melansa
melojensa melainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
melaansa
melojaan melojansa
inessive
melassaan melassansa
meloissaan meloissansa
elative
melastaan melastansa
meloistaan meloistansa
illative
melaansa
meloihinsa
adessive
melallaan melallansa
meloillaan meloillansa
ablative
melaltaan melaltansa
meloiltaan meloiltansa
allative
melalleen melallensa
meloilleen meloillensa
essive
melanaan melanansa
meloinaan meloinansa
translative
melakseen melaksensa
meloikseen meloiksensa
abessive
melattaan melattansa
meloittaan meloittansa
instructive
comitative
—meloineen meloinensa :

#### Derived terms

* melaa mekkoon
* meloa
* perämela

### See also

* molo

### References

* ↑ “mela”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
* ↑ Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
* ↑ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “mela”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* Elma, elam

## Gothic
### Romanization

mēla
* Romanization of 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌰

## Ingrian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian мел (mel).

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈmelɑ/, [ˈme̞ɫɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈmelɑ/, [ˈme̞ɫɑ]
* Rhymes: -elɑ
* Hyphenation: me‧la

### Noun

mela
* chalk

#### Declension
### References

* Fedor Tumansky (1790) “мѣла”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 685
* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 304

## Italian
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin mēla, from mēlum, from Latin mālum, likely from Doric Greek μᾶλον (mâlon, “apple”); compare Attic μῆλον (mêlon).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈme.la/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ela
* Hyphenation: mé‧la

### Noun

mela f (plural mele, diminutive melétta or melìna, augmentative melóna, pejorative melàccia, endearing-derogatory melùccia or melùzza)
* apple (fruit)
    Synonym: pomo
* (colloquial, slang) buttock, butt cheek

#### Derived terms

* mela cotogna (“quince”)
* mela della discordia (“apple of discord”)
* mela librale (“type of large apple”)
* mela selvatica (“crab apple”)

#### Related terms

* melagrana
* melata
* meleto
* melo
* melone

### Anagrams

* alme, lame, male

## Karelian
### Noun

mela
* paddle

## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmɛ.la/

### Etymology 1

From Arabic بَلَى (balā, “why, certainly!, yes, of course!”), in dialects also with prefixed m-. Compare North Levantine Arabic مبلا (mbala) and Gulf Arabic امبلة (ambala).

#### Adverb

mela
* certainly
* thus; so; accordingly

#### Interjection

mela
* so; okay; all right
    Alternative form: mmela
    Mela, ħa nibdew! ― So, let's start!

### Etymology 2

From Arabic مَلَأَ (malaʔa), أَمْلَأَ (ʔamlaʔa).

#### Verb

mela (imperfect jimla, past participle mimli, verbal noun mili)
* (transitive) to fill, to stuff
** 1970, Anton Buttigieg, “Fil-Ġnien”, in Fl-Arena:Ta’ ferħ u serħ imlietni, u bħall-għasafar u l-friefet jien għamilt: minn fjur għal fjur ħsiebi tar bħal farfett, taħt siġra kbira qalbi fesdqet il-għana bħal għasfur.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (intransitive, of the sea) to rise, to flood
    Antonym: forogħ

##### Conjugation
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmɛ.la/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛla
* Syllabification: me‧la

### Verb

mela
* third-person singular present of melać

## Portuguese
### Verb

mela
* inflection of melar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Sardinian
### Etymology

From Late Latin mēla, from mēlum, from Latin mālum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmela/

### Noun

mela f (plural melas)
* apple (fruit)

## Sassarese
### Pronunciation

* (Castelsardo) IPA: /ˈmɛla/
* (Sedini) IPA: /ˈmela/

### Noun

mela f (plural meli)
* (dialectal) Alternative form of mera (“apple”)

### References

* 1 2 Mauro Maxia (2012) Fonetica storica del gallurese e delle altre varietà sardocorse (in Sassarese), Editrice Taphros, →ISBN

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From German Mehl.

### Noun

mela f (Cyrillic spelling мела)
* (Kajkavian) flour

#### Related terms

* brašno

### Participle

mela (Cyrillic spelling мела)
* inflection of mesti:
** feminine singular active past participle
** neuter plural active past participle

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmela/ [ˈme.la]
* Rhymes: -ela
* Syllabification: me‧la

### Noun

mela f (plural melas)
* smitt; smit

#### Derived terms

* melar

### Further reading

* “mela”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Veps
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *mëla.

### Noun

mela
* paddle (rowing tool)

#### Inflection
### References

* Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “весло”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika

## Welsh
### Etymology

From mêl (“honey”) +‎ -a. Cognate with Cornish mela.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈmɛla/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈmeːla/, /ˈmɛla/
* Rhymes: -ɛla

### Verb

mela (first-person singular present melaf)
* to gather nectar to make honey
* to sweeten with honey

#### Conjugation

| | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | impersonal | impersonal |
| | first | second | third | first | second | third | impersonal | impersonal |
| present indicative/future | melaf | meli | mela | melwn | melwch | melant | melir |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional | melwn | melit | melai | melem | melech | melent | melid |
| preterite | melais | melaist | melodd | melasom | melasoch | melasant | melwyd |
| pluperfect | melaswn | melasit | melasai | melasem | melasech | melasent | melasid, melesid |
| present subjunctive | melwyf | melych | melo | melom | meloch | melont | meler |
| imperative | — | mela | meled | melwn | melwch | melent | meler |
| verbal noun | mela | mela | mela | mela | mela | mela | mela |
| verbal adjectives | meledig meladwy | meledig meladwy | meledig meladwy | meledig meladwy | meledig meladwy | meledig meladwy | meledig meladwy |
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| Inflected colloquial forms | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| future | mela i, melaf i | meli di | melith o/e/hi, meliff e/hi | melwn ni | melwch chi | melan nhw |
| conditional | melwn i, melswn i | melet ti, melset ti | melai fo/fe/hi, melsai fo/fe/hi | melen ni, melsen ni | melech chi, melsech chi | melen nhw, melsen nhw |
| preterite | melais i, meles i | melaist ti, melest ti | melodd o/e/hi | melon ni | meloch chi | melon nhw |
| imperative | — | mela | — | — | melwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |||||||

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “mela”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

## Xhosa
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-mela$^?$
* (transitive) to stand for

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.