OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# iambus
## English
### Alternative forms

* jambus

### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ïambus (“a certain poetic meter”), from Ancient Greek ἴαμβος (íambos).

### Noun

iambus (plural iambuses or iambi)
* (prosody) Synonym of iamb.

#### Related terms

* diiambus

#### Translations
### References

* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Iambus”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume V (H–K), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 3, column 3.

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἴαμβος (íambos, “a poetic meter”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /iˈam.bus/, [iˈämbʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /iˈam.bus/, [iˈämbus]

### Noun

ïambus m (genitive ïambī); second declension
* iamb, iambus
* iambic verse

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Catalan: iambe
* → English: iambus
* French: ïambe
** → English: iamb
* Galician: iambo
* → German: Jambus
* Italian: giambo
* Portuguese: iambo
* Spanish: yambo

### References

* “iambus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “iambus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* iambus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “iambus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
# laísmo
## Spanish
### Etymology

From la +‎ -ismo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /laˈismo/ [laˈiz.mo]
* Rhymes: -ismo
* Syllabification: la‧ís‧mo

### Noun

laísmo m (plural laísmos)
* the practice of using la as indirect object pronoun when referring to feminine nouns, instead of the standard le
    Coordinate terms: leísmo, loísmo
** 2004, Serafina García García, Antonio J. Meilán García, Hortensia Martínez, Hortensia Martínez García, Construir bien en español: la forma de las palabras, Universidad de Oviedo, →ISBN, page 169:El laísmo consiste en emplear los pronombres de complemento directo (la, las) como forma de complemento indirecto referido a sustantivos femeninos, cuyas formas deben ser le, les: A María la rompieron la falda (correcto, le)Laísmo consists of using direct object pronouns (la, las) as the form of the indirect object referring to feminine nouns, whose forms should be le, les: A María la rompieron la falda "They tore María's skirt" (correct: le).

#### Related terms

* laísta

### Further reading

* “laísmo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* “laísmo” in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, segunda edición, Real Academia Española, 2023. →ISBN
# اب
## Egyptian Arabic
### Alternative forms

* أبّ (alternative spelling)

### Etymology

From Arabic أَب (ʔab).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abb/

### Noun

ابّ • (abb) m (construct state ابو (abu), plural ابّهات (abbahāt))
* father, dad
    Synonyms: بابا (bāba, “dad”) (familiar), والد (wālid, “father”) (formal)
    Coordinate term: امّ (umm, “mother”)

#### Usage notes

* Referring to one's father as ابوك (abūk, “your dad”) may be considered rude by some, thus والد (wālid) or بابا (bāba) are used instead. This is amplified and more visible in امّ (umm, “mother”), where امّك (ummak, “your mother”) can be an outright insult.
* There is a minor social taboo around referring to fathers by their names. So traditionally, they are referred to as "father of" and the name of one of their children. Like ابو احمد (abū aḥmad, literally “Ahmad's father”) or ابو مريم (abū maryim, literally “Maryam's father”). This is also amplified and more visible in امّ (umm).
* For adjectival use specific to the construct form, see ابو (abu).

## Malay
### Noun

اب
* Jawi spelling of aba‎.

### Interjection

اب
* Jawi spelling of aba‎.

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic أَب (ʔab).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔaβ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäb]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäb]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔäb]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔäb̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæb̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔäb]

### Noun

| Dari | اب |
| Iranian Persian | اب |
| Tajik | аб |
اب • (ab)
* (archaic, poetic) father
    Synonyms: باب (bâb), بابا (bâbâ), پدر (pedar), والد (vâled)

## Urdu
### Etymology 1

Formed by analogy after جب (jab) and تب (tab).

#### Adverb

اب • (ab) (Hindi spelling अब)
* now, presently

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian اَب (ab), from Arabic أَب (ʔab).

#### Noun

اب • (ab) m (Hindi spelling अब)
* father

### Etymology 3

From Sanskrit इव (iva).

#### Adverb

اب • (ib) (Hindi spelling इब)
* thus
* as

##### See also

* او (iv)
# altophobia
## English
### Etymology

From Latin altus (“high”) +‎ -phobia.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -əʊbiə

### Noun

altophobia (uncountable)
* Fear of heights.

#### Synonyms

* acrophobia
* height-fear

#### Antonyms

* bathophobia

#### See also

* batophobia
# 'di ba
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* diba
* d b, dba — text messaging
* 'di ga, diga — dialectal, Batangas, Mindoro

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˌdiʔ ˈba/ [ˌd̪iʔ ˈba]
** IPA: (with glottal stop elision) /ˌdi(ʔ) ˈba/ [ˌd̪iː ˈba]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: 'di ba

### Phrase

'dî ba (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ ᜊ)
* Clipping of hindi ba: isn't it; isn't that
    'Di ba ang sarap?Isn't it so tasty?

### Anagrams

* bida
# raptar
## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from French rapt, Italian rapire, Spanish raptar, ultimately from Latin raptus, perfect passive participle of rapiō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rap.ˈtar/, /ɾap.ˈtaɾ/

### Verb

raptar (present tense raptas, past tense raptis, future tense raptos, imperative raptez, conditional raptus)
* (transitive) to seize and carry away by violence, pillage, kidnap, ravish

#### Derived terms

* raptajo (“booty, plunder”)
* raptanto (“robber, brigand, bandit, highwayman; a single instance”)
* raptema (“rapacious”)
** raptemeso (“rapacity”)
* raptero (“robber, brigand, bandit, highwayman; on occasions”)
* raptisto (“robber, brigand, bandit, highwayman; sole income”)
* rapto (“rapine, pillage, kidnapping, highway robbery”)
* raptocido (“murder (attended) with robbery”)

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin raptāre.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁa.piˈta(ʁ)/ [ha.piˈta(h)], /ʁapˈta(ʁ)/ [hapˈta(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁa.piˈta(ʁ)/ [ha.piˈta(h)], /ʁapˈta(ʁ)/ [hapˈta(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ʁa.piˈta(ɾ)/ [ha.piˈta(ɾ)], /ʁapˈta(ɾ)/ [hapˈta(ɾ)]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ʁa.piˈta(ʁ)/ [χa.piˈta(χ)], /ʁapˈta(ʁ)/ [χapˈta(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ʁapˈta(ɻ)/ [hapˈta(ɻ)], /ʁa.piˈta(ɻ)/ [ha.piˈta(ɻ)]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɐˈptaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɐˈptaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ʁɐˈpta.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: rap‧tar

### Verb

raptar (first-person singular present rapto, first-person singular preterite raptei, past participle raptado) (transitive)
* to abduct (capture and keep (someone) imprisoned, demanding something (usually money) in exchange for their life)
* to prey, snatch (take away with violence, take by force)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Related terms

* rapina
* rapto

### Further reading

* “raptar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “raptar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin raptāre, frequentative of rapio, rapire, whence the inherited Old Spanish rabir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rabˈtaɾ/ [raβ̞ˈt̪aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: rap‧tar

### Verb

raptar (first-person singular present rapto, first-person singular preterite rapté, past participle raptado)
* to kidnap; to abduct
    Synonym: secuestrar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* rapiña
* rapto

### Further reading

* “raptar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ग्रावन्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* গ্ৰাৱন্ (Assamese script)
* ᬕ᭄ᬭᬵᬯᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
* গ্রাবন্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰐𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰪𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀕𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀯𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ဂြာဝန် (Burmese script)
* ગ્રાવન્ (Gujarati script)
* ਗ੍ਰਾਵਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌗𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌵𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦒꦿꦴꦮꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂏𑂹𑂩𑂰𑂫𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಗ್ರಾವೝ (Kannada script)
* គ្រាវន៑ (Khmer script)
* ຄ຺ຣາວນ຺ (Lao script)
* ഗ്രാവന് (Malayalam script)
* ᡤᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠸᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
* 𑘐𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘪𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠺᠷᠠᢗᠸᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦰𑧠𑧈𑧑𑧊𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐐𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐰𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
* ଗ୍ରାଵନ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢔ꣄ꢬꢵꢮꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆓𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆮𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖐𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖪𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
* ග්‍රාවන් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩞 𑪙𑩼𑩛𑩾𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚌𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚦𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
* க்³ராவந் (Tamil script)
* గ్రావౝ (Telugu script)
* คฺราวนฺ (Thai script)
* གྲཱ་ཝ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒑𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒫𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨍𑩇𑨫𑨊𑨭𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂wō (“heavy stone”). Cognate with English quern, Old Irish brao.
It has been suggested that the word used in the Rigveda is unrelated to the sense "stone" and rather refers to a human person, meaning "praiser, singer", possibly deriving from the root गॄ (gṝ).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɡɾɑ́ː.ʋɐn/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɡɾɑː.ʋɐn̪/

### Noun

ग्रावन् • (grā́van) stem, m
* (Rigvedic) (traditional translation) a stone for pressing out the Soma juice
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.108.11:दू॒रमि॑त पणयो॒ वरी॑य॒ उद्गावो॑ यन्तु मिन॒तीॠ॒तेन॑। बृह॒स्पति॒र्या अवि॑न्द॒न्निगू॑ळ्हाः॒ सोमो॒ ग्रावा॑ण॒ ऋष॑यश्च॒ विप्राः॑॥dūrámita paṇayo várīya údgā́vo yantu minatī́ṝténa. bṛ́haspátiryā́ ávindannígūḷhāḥ sómo grā́vāṇa ṛ́ṣayaśca víprāḥ.Hence, far away, ye Paṇis! Let the cattle lowing come forth as holy Law commandeth, Kine which Brihaspati, and Soma, ṛsis, sages, and pressing-stones have found when hidden.
* (Rigvedic) (proposed modern translation) praiser, singer
* a stone or rock
* a mountain
* a cloud

#### Descendants

* Odia: ଗ୍ରାବ (grāba)
* Tamil: கிராவணம் (kirāvaṇam), சிராவணம் (cirāvaṇam)
* Telugu: గ్రావము (grāvamu)

### References

* 1 2 Karen Thomson (2001). "The Meaning and Language of the Rigveda: Rigvedic grā́van as a test case", The Journal of Indo-European Studies, 29 (3 & 4). Online at https://www.rigveda.co.uk/gravan.pdf
* Monier Williams (1899) “ग्रावन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 374, column 1.
# వృక్షచరము
## Telugu
### Noun

వృక్షచరము • (vr̥kṣacaramu) ? (plural వృక్షచరములు)
* (literary) one that moves on the trees
* monkey

#### Synonyms

* కోతి (kōti)
# nosologie
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnosoloɡɪjɛ]

### Noun

nosologie f (relational adjective nosologický)
* (medicine) nosology

#### Declension
## Dutch
### Etymology

From post-classical Latin nosologia, formed as from Greek νόσος (nósos) ‘disease’ + -λογία (-logía) ‘discourse, branch of knowledge’.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: no‧so‧lo‧gie

### Noun

nosologie f (plural nosologieën)
* nosology

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /no.zɔ.lɔ.ʒi/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

nosologie f (plural nosologies)
* (medicine) nosology

### Further reading

* “nosologie”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /no.zo.loˈd͡ʒi.e/
* Rhymes: -ie
* Hyphenation: no‧so‧lo‧gì‧e

### Noun

nosologie f
* plural of nosologia

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French nosologie. Equivalent to noso- +‎ -logie.

### Noun

nosologie f (plural nosologii)
* (medicine) nosology
# beatlemaníacas
## Portuguese
### Noun

beatlemaníacas
* plural of beatlemaníaca
# راجل
## Arabic
### Etymology

Derived from the active participle of رَجِلَ (rajila, “to go on foot”), from the root ر ج ل (r j l); compare رِجْل (rijl, “foot, leg”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raː.d͡ʒil/

### Noun

رَاجِل • (rājil) m (plural رَجْل (rajl) or رِجَال (rijāl) or رَجْلَة (rajla) or رَجْلَى (rajlā) or رُجَّال (rujjāl) or رَجَّالَة (rajjāla) or رُجَّالَى (rujjālā) or رَجَالَى (rajālā) or رُجَالَى (rujālā) or رُجْلَان (rujlān) or أَرَاجِل (ʔarājil) or أَرَاجِيل (ʔarājīl) or أَرْجِلَة (ʔarjila))
* pedestrian
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:239:فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ فَرِجَالًا أَوْ رُكْبَانًاfaʔin ḵiftum farijālan ʔaw rukbānan(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* good walker
* footsoldier

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “راجل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen

## Chadian Arabic

* Root
* ر ج ل
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic رَاجِل (rājil, “walker, pedestrian, footman”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (N'Djamena):(file)

### Noun

راجل • (rājil) m (plural رجال (rujāl))
* man

## Egyptian Arabic

* Root
* ر ج ل
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic رَاجِل (rājil, “walker, pedestrian, footman”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raː.ɡil/, [ˈɾɑːɡɪl]

### Noun

راجل • (rāgil) m (plural رجّالة (riggāla))
* man; guy
    Synonym: واحد (wāḥid, “someone”)
* (usually in the construct state) woman's husband, woman's man
* (card games) king
    Synonym: شايب (šāyib)

#### Coordinate terms

* بنت (bint, “girl”)
* ستّ (sitt, “woman”)
* ولد (walad, “boy”)

#### Derived terms

* استرجل (istargil, “to man up”)
* رجالي (rigāli, “masculine, manly”)
* رجولة (rugūla, rigūla, “manliness”)

## Moroccan Arabic

* Root
* ر ج ل
* 3 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic رَاجِل (rājil).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raː.ʒil/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

راجل • (rājil) m (plural رجال (rjāl) or رجالة (rujjāla))
* man
* husband
# incrustaremus
## Latin
### Verb

incrustārēmus
* first-person plural imperfect active subjunctive of incrustō
# violentar
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From violento (“violent”) +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /vi.o.lẽˈta(ʁ)/ [vɪ.o.lẽˈta(h)], (faster pronunciation) /vjo.lẽˈta(ʁ)/ [vjo.lẽˈta(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /vi.o.lẽˈta(ʁ)/ [vɪ.o.lẽˈta(h)], (faster pronunciation) /vjo.lẽˈta(ʁ)/ [vjo.lẽˈta(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /vi.o.lẽˈta(ɾ)/ [vɪ.o.lẽˈta(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /vjo.lẽˈta(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /vi.o.lẽˈta(ʁ)/ [vɪ.o.lẽˈta(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /vjo.lẽˈta(ʁ)/ [vjo.lẽˈta(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /vi.o.lẽˈta(ɻ)/ [vɪ.o.lẽˈta(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /vjo.lẽˈta(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /vju.lẽˈtaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /vju.lẽˈtaɾ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /bju.lẽˈtaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /vju.lẽˈta.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: vi‧o‧len‧tar

### Verb

violentar (first-person singular present violento, first-person singular preterite violentei, past participle violentado)
* to rape (to force sexual intercourse or other sexual activity upon)
    Synonym: estuprar
* to break into (to enter illegally or by force)
    Synonyms: arrombar, violar
* to spoil (to ruin or damage something)
    Synonyms: desvirtuar, deturpar, violar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Related terms

* violência
* violentação
* violentado
* violentador
* violentamente
* violento

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bjolenˈtaɾ/ [bjo.lẽn̪ˈt̪aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: vio‧len‧tar

### Verb

violentar (first-person singular present violento, first-person singular preterite violenté, past participle violentado)
* to break open
* to violate

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “violentar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* intervalo
# వృత్తి
## Telugu
### Noun

వృత్తి • (vr̥tti) f (plural వృత్తులు)
* profession, occupation, vocation, calling, business, employment, livelihood, means of subsistence

#### Derived terms

* వృత్తికళ (vr̥ttikaḷa)
* వృత్తికారుడు (vr̥ttikāruḍu)
* వృత్తిధారుడు (vr̥ttidhāruḍu)
* వృత్తివిద్య (vr̥ttividya)
# Devereaux
## English
### Etymology

American respelling of Devereux, a surname of Anglo-Norman origin. From d' + Evreux (meaning from Évreux, a city in Normandy).

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈdɛvəɹoʊ/

### Proper noun

Devereaux (plural Devereauxs)
* A surname from Anglo-Norman.

#### Related terms

* Deverau
* Deveraux
* Devereau
* Devereux
* Devreux

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Devereaux is the 8383rd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 3949 individuals. Devereaux is most common among White (79.69%) and Black/African American (12.76%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Devereaux”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 1, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 452.
* Forebears
# عمة
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

* Root
* ع م م (ʕ m m)
* 15 terms

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕim.ma/

#### Noun

عِمَّة • (ʕimma) f (plural عِمَّات (ʕimmāt) or عَمَم (ʕamam))
* way of putting on the turban
* (uncommon) turban
    Synonym: عِمَامَة (ʕimāma) (the common term)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕam.ma/
** (Moroccan) IPA: /ʕam.ma/

#### Noun

عَمَّة • (ʕamma) f (plural عَمَّات (ʕammāt), masculine عَمّ (ʕamm))
* paternal blood aunt (one's father's sister)
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:23:حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهَاتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُكُمْ وَأَخَوَاتُكُمْ وَعَمَّاتُكُمْ […]ḥurrimat ʕalaykum ʔummahātukum wa-banātukum wa-ʔaḵawātukum wa-ʕammātukum […](please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Declension
### References

* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “عمة”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 168
* Freytag, Georg (1833) “عمة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 217
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “عمة”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 2149
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “عمة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 724
* Wahrmund, Adolf (1887) “عمة”, in Handwörterbuch der neu-arabischen und deutschen Sprache‎ (in German), volume 2, Gießen: J. Ricker’sche Buchhandlung, page 309
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “عمة”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 876

## Egyptian Arabic
### Alternative forms

* عمّه (alternative spelling)

### Etymology

From Arabic عَمَّة (ʕamma), equivalent to عمّ (ʕamm, “paternal uncle”) +‎ ـة (-a, feminizing suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕamma/
* IPA: /ʕammit/ (construct state)

### Noun

عمّة • (ʕamma) f (construct state عمة (ʕammit), plural عمّات (ʕammāt))
* feminine of عمّ (ʕamm): paternal aunt (“sister of one's brother”)
    Coordinate term: خالة (ḵāla, “maternal aunt”)

#### Derived terms

* عمّتو (ʕammitu, endearing form)

## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* ع م م
* 2 terms

### Etymology 1

From Arabic عَمَّة (ʕamma).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.mma/

#### Noun

عَمَّة • (ʕamma) f (plural عَمَّات (ʕammāt), masculine عَمّ (ʕamm))
* paternal aunt (father's sister)

### Etymology 2

From Arabic عِمَّة (ʕimma).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕu.mma/

#### Noun

عمة • (ʕumma) f (plural عُمَم (ʕumam))
* turban
    Synonym: عمامة (ʕimāma)

#### See also

* غبانة (ḡabāna)

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ع م م
* 2 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic عَمَّة (ʕamma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕam.me/, [ˈʕam.me]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

عمّة • (ʕamme) f (plural عمّات (ʕammāt), masculine عمّ (ʕamm))
* paternal aunt (father's sister)
    Endearing form: عمتو (ʕamto)

#### See also

خالة (ḵāle, “maternal aunt”)
# -быт
## Yakut
### Alternative forms

* -бит (-bit), -бут (-but), -бүт (-büt), -пыт (-pıt), -пит (-pit), -пут (-put), -пүт (-püt), -мыт (-mıt), -мит (-mit), -мут (-mut), -мүт (-müt)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *-miĺ.

#### Suffix

-быт • (-bıt)
* Forms subject past participles from verbs.
* Forms past perfect tense

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *-imiŕ.

#### Suffix

-быт • (-bıt)
* our (First-person plural possessive suffix denoting plural possession.)
    ‎аҕа (ağa, “father”) + ‎-быт (-bıt) → ‎аҕабыт (ağabıt, “our father”)
# incrustabat
## Latin
### Verb

incrustābat
* third-person singular imperfect active indicative of incrustō
# estrangular
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin strangulāre, from Ancient Greek στραγγαλόομαι (strangalóomai, “to strangle”), from στραγγάλη (strangálē, “a halter”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /is.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(ʁ)/ [is.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(h)], /es.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(ʁ)/ [es.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /is.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(ʁ)/ [is.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(h)], /es.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(ʁ)/ [es.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /is.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(ɾ)/, /es.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃ.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(ʁ)/ [iʃ.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(χ)], /eʃ.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(ʁ)/ [eʃ.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /es.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈlaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈlaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.tɾɐ̃.ɡuˈla.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: es‧tran‧gu‧lar

### Verb

estrangular (first-person singular present estrangulo, first-person singular preterite estrangulei, past participle estrangulado)
* to strangle

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Related terms

* estrangulação
* estrangulado
* estrangulador

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin strangulāre (“to strangle”), from Ancient Greek στραγγαλάω (strangaláō, “to strangle”), variant of στραγγαλίζω (strangalízō), from στραγγάλη (strangálē, “a halter”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /estɾanɡuˈlaɾ/ [es.t̪ɾãŋ.ɡuˈlaɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: es‧tran‧gu‧lar

### Verb

estrangular (first-person singular present estrangulo, first-person singular preterite estrangulé, past participle estrangulado)
* (transitive) to strangle
    Synonym: ahorcar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* estrangulamiento

#### Related terms

* estrangulación
* estrangulador

### Further reading

* “estrangular”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10