# 琅

| 琅 | U+7405, &#29701; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7405 |
| ← 琄 [U+7404] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 理 → [U+7406] |

## Translingual
### Han character

琅 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一土戈日女 (MGIAV), four-corner 1313$_2$, composition ⿰𤣩良)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 733, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21013
* Dae Jaweon: page 1144, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1118, character 12
* Unihan data for U+7405

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 琅 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 剆 | *raːl, *raːlʔ |
| 郎 | *raːŋ |
| 稂 | *raːŋ |
| 桹 | *raːŋ |
| 鋃 | *raːŋ |
| 硠 | *raːŋ |
| 浪 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
| 蜋 | *raːŋ, *raŋ |
| 琅 | *raːŋ |
| 狼 | *raːŋ |
| 欴 | *raːŋ |
| 踉 | *raːŋ, *raŋ, *raŋs |
| 莨 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
| 艆 | *raːŋ |
| 駺 | *raːŋ |
| 躴 | *raːŋ |
| 筤 | *raːŋ |
| 閬 | *raːŋ, *raːŋs |
| 哴 | *raːŋ, *raŋs |
| 蓈 | *raːŋ |
| 廊 | *raːŋ |
| 榔 | *raːŋ, *raːŋʔ |
| 螂 | *raːŋ |
| 瑯 | *raːŋ |
| 朗 | *raːŋʔ |
| 朖 | *raːŋʔ |
| 誏 | *raːŋʔ |
| 俍 | *raːŋʔ |
| 崀 | *raːŋʔ |
| 埌 | *raːŋs |
| 蒗 | *raːŋs |
| 娘 | *naŋ |
| 良 | *raŋ |
| 粮 | *raŋ |
| 悢 | *raŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *raːŋ): semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 良 (OC *raŋ)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): láng (lang$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): long$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lông
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: láng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: láng
*** Wade–Giles: lang$^2$
*** Yale: láng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lang
*** Palladius: лан (lan)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: long$^4$
*** Yale: lòhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: long$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: long$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔːŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lông
*** Tâi-lô: lông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: loong
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /lɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lɔŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: lang
Rime :
| Character | 琅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 魯當切 |
| Baxter | lang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /laŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /lɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /lɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | láng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | long$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤaŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*raːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 琅 | 琅 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | láng | láng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lang › | ‹ lang › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]ˁaŋ/ | /*[r]ˁaŋ/ |
| English | (a kind of precious stone) | 琅邪 (name of a mountain in Shāndōng) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 琅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8018 |
| Phonetic component | 良 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 郎 |
| Old Chinese | /*raːŋ/ |

### Definitions

琅
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a variety of white carnelian
* pure white
* a surname

### Compounds

* 不琅琅
* 不琅鼓
* 乞留玎琅
* 各琅琅
* 天祿琳琅 / 天禄琳琅
* 廝琅琅 / 厮琅琅
* 施琅
* 明琅
* 書聲琅琅 / 书声琅琅
* 林琅
* 桑琅琅
* 玕琅
* 玲琅
* 琅函
* 琅玕 (lánggān)
* 琅琅 (lángláng)
* 琅琊 (Lángyá)
* 琅琅上口
* 琅𤩝 / 琅𮴓
* 琅璫 / 琅珰 (lángdāng)
* 琅簡蘂書 / 琅简蕊书
* 琅邪 (Lángyá)
* 琅邪山
* 琳琅 (línláng)
* 琳琅滿目 / 琳琅满目 (línlángmǎnmù)
* 瑯嶠 / 琅峤
* 瑯琊 / 琅琊 (Lángyá)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* pure jewel

#### Readings

* Go-on: ろう (rō)
* Kan-on: ろう (rō)

## Korean
### Hanja

琅 • (rang>nang) (hangeul 랑>낭, revised rang>nang, McCune–Reischauer rang>nang, Yale lang>nang)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

琅: Hán Nôm readings: lang
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.