# fructus
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin frūctus.

### Noun

fructus (uncountable)
* (law, historical) In Ancient Roman law, any product originating either from a natural source (such as fruits grown or animals bred) or from legal transactions (e.g. interest on a loan).

## Latin
### Etymology

From fruor (“have the benefit of, use, enjoy”) +‎ -tus (suffix forming nouns from verbs); equivalent to Proto-Italic *frūktus and Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg-tu-s.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈfruːk.tus/, [ˈfruːkt̪ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈfruk.tus/, [ˈfrukt̪us]

### Noun

frūctus m (genitive frūctūs); fourth declension
* enjoyment, delight, satisfaction
    Synonyms: gaudium, dēlicium, voluptās, laetitia, dēlectātiō
    Antonyms: maeror, maestitia, trīstitia, tristitās
* produce, product, fruit
    Synonyms: seges, prōventus, frūx
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.671–672:fēcundior annus prōvenit, et frūctum terra pecūsque feruntA more fertile year proceeds, and the land and the cattle bring forth produce.
* profit, yield, output, income
* (by extension) effect, result, return, reward, success
    Synonyms: successus, frūx, effectus, ēventus, exitus, prōventus
** 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.31.16:cōnsīderāvit agrum et emit eum dē frūctū manuum suārum plantāvit vīneamShe hath considered a field, and bought it: with the fruit of her hands she hath planted a vineyard. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; 1752 CE)

#### Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* frūctifer
* frūctificātiō
* frūctificō
* frūctuārius
* frūctuōsē
* frūctuōsus

#### Related terms

* frūgālis
* frūgālitās
* frūgāliter
* frūgēscō
* frūgifer
* frūgiparus
* frūmen
* fruor
* frutex
* frūx

#### Descendants

* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: frutu, furtu, fruttu, frutta
* Eastern Romance:
** Aromanian: frut, frutu, fructu, frutã
** Istro-Romanian: frupt
** Romanian: frupt, fruct
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Corsican: fruttu
*** Gallurese: fruttu
*** Sassarese: fruttu, frutta
** Dalmatian: froi̯t (Vegliote)
** Istriot: froûto (Rovignese)
** Italian: frutto, frutta
*** → Cimbrian: frutta
** Neapolitan: frùtto
*** Tarantino: frutte
** Sicilian: fruttu, frutta
** Venetan: fruto
** → Maltese: frott
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: frut, frute, frutam
** Romansch: fritg, fretg, früt
* Gallo-Italic:
** Ligurian: frûto
** Old Lombard: frug
*** Lombard: frut, fruta
** Old Piedmontese: fruyt
*** Piedmontese: frut
** Romagnol: fròtta
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: fruit, fruita
** Occitan: fruch, fruit, frucha, fruita
** Old French: fruit
*** Champenois: frut
*** Gallo: frut
*** Middle French: fruict
**** French: fruit
***** Haitian Creole: fwi
*** Norman: frit
*** Picard: frut
*** Walloon: frut
*** → Middle Dutch: fruut, froyt
**** Dutch: fruit
*** → Middle English: fruyt, freut, fruct, fruit, frut, frute
**** English: fruit
***** Bislama: frut
***** Jamaican Creole: fruut
***** Tok Pisin: frut
***** → Japanese: フルーツ (furūtsu)
**** Scots: fruit, frute
**** → Cornish: frut
* Ibero-Romance:
** Navarro-Aragonese: fruto, fructo, fruyto
*** Aragonese: fruito
** Old Leonese:
*** Asturian: fruitu, fruita
*** Extremaduran: frutu
*** Leonese: fruitu, fruita
*** Mirandese: fruito, fruita
** Old Galician-Portuguese: fruito, fruita
*** Galician: froito, froita, fruita
*** Portuguese: fruto, fruta
** Old Spanish: frucho, frucha
* Borrowings:
** → Albanian: fryt (via Vulgar Latin), frutë (via Classical Latin)
** → Aromanian: fructu
** → Asturian: frutu, fruta
** → Basque: fruitu
** → Baltic Romani: frukto
** → Greek: φρούτο (froúto)
** → Leonese: frutu, fruta
** → Polish: frukt
*** → Russian: фрукт (frukt)
** → Proto-Brythonic: *fruɨθ (see there for further descendants)
** → Proto-West Germanic: *fruht (see there for further descendants)
** → Romanian: fruct
** → Spanish: fruto, fruta
** → Ukrainian: фрукт (frukt)

### Participle

frūctus (feminine frūcta, neuter frūctum); first/second-declension participle
* enjoyed, having derived pleasure from

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

### References

* “fructus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “fructus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* fructus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* fructus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to derive (great) profit , advantage from a thing: fructum (uberrimum) capere, percipere, consequi ex aliqua re (great) advantage accrues to me from this: fructus ex hac re redundant in or ad me I am benefited by a thing: aliquid ad meum fructum redundat to reap: fructus demetere or percipere to harvest crops: fructus condere (N. D. 2. 62. 156)
* “fructus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “fructus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin