# amper
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English ampre, from Old English ampre (“a dilated vein, varix, tumour, swelling; dock, sorrel”), from Proto-West Germanic *amprō, *amprā (“dock, sorrel”), which is related to Proto-Germanic *ampraz (“sharp”). Related to aber.

#### Alternative forms

* ampor, nanberry, anbury, anberry, ambury

#### Noun

amper (plural ampers)
* A tumour, often accompanied by inflammation; pustule; varicose vein; pus; atter.
* A defect or flaw, especially in cloth.

##### Derived terms

* ampered
* ampery

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

amper (plural ampers)
* Abbreviation of ampersand.
** 2001 July 13, JimmyMac, “java and xml”, in comp.lang.java.help‎ (Usenet):While parseing an xml document( sax parser ), trying to replace ' | ' with ' & ' , it finds the pipe, but won't replace with amper.

### References

* Guus Kroonen (2013) “ampra/ōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 25

### Anagrams

* perma-, prame, remap

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

Inconclusive. Whilst its current definition was long thought to have come from Indonesian hampir due to its exclusive presence in Dutch (and no other Germanic language), this would not explain its high and almost universal usage in Flemish. More likely would be if it originated on Dutch soil. In that case, the meaning would have changed somewhat from the earlier Middle Dutch amper (“sour”) – compare the semantic development of German sehr (“very”), Alemannic German rüüdig (“very”). This word, in turn, is Germanic, and a cognate to the Swedish amper, German Ampfer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈam.pər/
* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

amper
* almost
    Jouself amper gekak!You almost shat yourself!

## Albanian
### Noun

amper m (definite amperi)
* (physics) ampere (unit of electrical current)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎, 1980
* “amper”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006

## Ambonese Malay
### Adverb

amper
* near

## Dutch
### Etymology

Inconclusive. Whilst its current definition was long thought to have come from Indonesian hampir due to its exclusive presence in Dutch (and no other Germanic language), this would not explain its high and almost universal usage in Flemish. More likely would be if it originated on Dutch soil. In that case, the meaning would have changed somewhat from the earlier Middle Dutch amper (“sour”) – compare the semantic development of German sehr (“very”), Alemannic German rüüdig (“very”). This word, in turn, is Germanic, and a cognate to the Swedish amper, German Ampfer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑmpər/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: am‧per
* Rhymes: -ɑmpər

### Adverb

amper
* scarcely, barely
    Synonym: nauwelijks
    Dat is amper de moeite waard!That's barely worth the effort!

#### Descendants

* Petjo: amper

### Adjective

amper
* (archaic) sour

### Further reading

* AMPER II, Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɒmpɛr]
* Hyphenation: am‧per
* Rhymes: -ɛr

### Noun

amper (plural amperek)
* ampere (unit of electrical current)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* amper in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* amper in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Icelandic
### Etymology

Named after French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈam̥pɛ(ː)r/

### Noun

amper n (genitive singular ampers, nominative plural amper)
* ampere (unit of electrical current)

#### Declension
## Mokilese
### Noun

amper
* umbrella

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

Apparently from Middle Low German. Perhaps cognate with Old Norse apr (“hard, painful”).

### Adjective

amper (neuter singular ampert, definite singular and plural ampre, comparative amprere, indefinite superlative amprest)
* (of people) petulant; easily aggravated

#### Synonyms

* hissig
* krakilsk
* irritabel
* opphisset
* stri
* vrang

### References

* “amper” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “amper” in The Ordnett Dictionary

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French ampère. Named after French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836). First attested in the 19th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈam.pɛr/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ampɛr
* Syllabification: am‧per

### Noun

amper m inan (abbreviation A)
* ampere (unit of electrical current)

#### Derived terms

* amperogodzina
* amperometr
* amperometria
* amperomierz
* amperosekunda
* amperowoltomierz
* amperozwój

#### Related terms

* amperaż

### References

* ↑ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “amper”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
* ↑ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “amper”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
* ↑ J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “amper”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 32

### Further reading

* amper in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* amper in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* amper in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French ampère.

### Noun

amper m (plural amperi)
* ampere

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

àmpēr m (Cyrillic spelling а̀мпе̄р)
* ampere (unit of electrical current)

#### Declension
## Slovene
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ampɛ́ːr/

### Noun

ampȇr m inan
* ampere (unit of electrical current)

#### Inflection
## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Swedish amper. Nationalencyklopedins ordbok traces the word to German Low German amper (“sharp; harsh”). According to Svenska Akademiens ordbok it is also related to Latin amarus (“bitter”) and Sanskrit अम्ल (amla, “sour”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈampɛr/

### Adjective

amper (comparative amprare, superlative amprast)
* harsh, stern, particularly about older women
    En amper bondmora.A stern peasantwoman.
* (of taste) pungent, biting, strong
    Till desserten serverades vi en synnerligen amper blåmögelost.At the dessert, we were served a very strong blue cheese.

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

### Anagrams

* ampre

## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French ampère.

### Noun

amper (definite accusative amperi, plural amperler)
* ampere (unit of electrical current)

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
amper
amperler
definite accusative
amperi
amperleri
dative
ampere
amperlere
locative
amperde
amperlerde
ablative
amperden
amperlerden
genitive
amperin
amperlerin
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
amperim
amperlerim
2nd singular
amperin
amperlerin
3rd singular
amperi
amperleri
1st plural
amperimiz
amperlerimiz
2nd plural
amperiniz
amperleriniz
3rd plural
amperleri
amperleri
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
amperimi
amperlerimi
2nd singular
amperini
amperlerini
3rd singular
amperini
amperlerini
1st plural
amperimizi
amperlerimizi
2nd plural
amperinizi
amperlerinizi
3rd plural
amperlerini
amperlerini
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
amperime
amperlerime
2nd singular
amperine
amperlerine
3rd singular
amperine
amperlerine
1st plural
amperimize
amperlerimize
2nd plural
amperinize
amperlerinize
3rd plural
amperlerine
amperlerine
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
amperimde
amperlerimde
2nd singular
amperinde
amperlerinde
3rd singular
amperinde
amperlerinde
1st plural
amperimizde
amperlerimizde
2nd plural
amperinizde
amperlerinizde
3rd plural
amperlerinde
amperlerinde
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
amperimden
amperlerimden
2nd singular
amperinden
amperlerinden
3rd singular
amperinden
amperlerinden
1st plural
amperimizden
amperlerimizden
2nd plural
amperinizden
amperlerinizden
3rd plural
amperlerinden
amperlerinden
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
amperimin
amperlerimin
2nd singular
amperinin
amperlerinin
3rd singular
amperinin
amperlerinin
1st plural
amperimizin
amperlerimizin
2nd plural
amperinizin
amperlerinizin
3rd plural
amperlerinin
amperlerinin :

### References

* “amper”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

## West Frisian
### Adverb

amper
* barely, hardly, scarcely
* virtually

#### Further reading

* “amper (II)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011