# skola
## Faroese
### Etymology

From Old Norse skola.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈskoːla/
* Rhymes: -oːla
* Homophone: skolað

### Verb

skola (third person singular past indicative skolaði, third person plural past indicative skolaðu, supine skolað)
* to rinse

#### Conjugation
## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse skola.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈskɔːla/
* Rhymes: -ɔːla

### Verb

skola (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative skolaði, supine skolað)
* to rinse

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* “skola” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)

## Ladino
### Alternative forms

* eskola, shkola, (Monastir) skolije

### Etymology

From Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).

### Noun

skola f (Hebrew spelling סקולה)
* school

## Latvian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German schōle, or from Middle Dutch schole, both also borrowings from Late Latin scola, schola (“lecture; school”), itself borrowed from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ). In Latvian, this borrowing is first mentioned in 16th-century texts and 17th-century dictionaries.

### Noun

skola f (4th declension)
* school (institution of learning, usually of lower or intermediate level; also a special or specific institution of learning; also the building where such an institution is housed)
    vispārizglītojošā skola ― comprehensive school
    profesionālā, speciālā skola ― professional, special school
    valsts, privātās skolas ― public, private schools
    lauku, pilsētu skolas ― rural, urban schools
    zēnu, meiteņu skola ― boys', girls' school
    kopmācības skola ― co-educational school
    baleta, mūzikas, sporta skola ― ballet, music, sports school
    lauksaimniecības skola ― agricultural school
    skolu tīkls ― school network
    skolu jaunatne ― school youth
    skolas audzēknis ― school student
    skolas bērns, puika ― schoolboy
    skolas biedrs ― schoolmate
    skolas direktors, ārsts ― school director, doctor
    skolas bibliotēka ― school library
    skolas mēbeles ― school furniture
    skolas sols, tāfele ― school bench, board
    skolas grāmatas, burtnīcas ― school books, notebooks
    skolas soma ― school bag
    skolas forma ― school uniform
    skolas laiks, gadi ― school time, years
    iestāties skolā ― to enroll in a school
    mācīties skolā ― to study at a school
    sūtīt skolā ― to send to school
    apmeklēt skolā ― to visit the school
    pamest skolu ― to leave school
    izslēgt no skolas ― to expel from school
    kad iesi skolā, varbūt skolotājs paskaidros ― when you go to school, maybe the teacher will explain it
* (figuratively) education; the work of studying at school
    skola sākās 1. septembrī ― school will start on September 1st
    Taisnību sakot, mazliet vairāk skolas viņam nebūtu nācis par ļaunu — to tell the truth, a little bit more school would not have been bad for him
* (figuratively) experience, learning
    dzīves skola ― the school of life
    neveiksme viņam būs laba skola ― failure will be a good school for him
    aršanas sacensības galvenokārt ir pieredzes, darba metožu, jaunāko atziņu skola ― plowing competitions are mostly a school of (= place, occasion for learning) experience, work methods, and recent findings
* school, school of thought (a set of theories, a teaching associated with a certain person, a certain movement or its followers)
    Platona filozofijas skola ― Plato's school of philosophy
    Paula Strādina skola medicīna ― Pauls Stradins' school of medicine
    beļģu skola glezniecībā ― the Belgian school of painting
    krievu skola baletā ― the Russian school of ballet
    Pavlovs izveidoja 20. gadsimta fiziologu lielāko skolu: viņa tiešo līdzstrādnieku un disertantu pulks vien aptvēis 250 cilvēku ― Pavlov created the largest school of 20th-century physiology: his group of direct collaborators and students comprised 250 people

#### Derived terms

* sākumskola, pamatskola, vidusskola, augstskola
* pagastskola
* skolēns
* skolnieks, skolniece
* skolot, skolotājs, skolotāja

#### See also

* universitāte

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “skola”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

## Lithuanian
### Etymology

In ablaut with skelė́ti (“to owe”), from Proto-Indo-European *skel- (“to owe”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *skulaną (“to owe”).

### Noun

skolà f (plural skõlos) stress pattern 4
* (economics) debt
* (archaic) fault
    Synonym: kaltė
* (archaic) duty, obligation
    Synonym: pareiga

#### Related terms

* skolingas (“indebted”)
* skolinti (“to lend, borrow”)

### Further reading

* “skola”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
* skola, entry by Vytautas Vaškelaitis, in Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia)
* Derksen, Rick (2015) “skola”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 406

## Maltese
### Alternative forms

* iskola (after the article)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Sicilian scola, from Latin schola, from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈskɔː.la/

### Noun

skola f (plural skejjel or skajjel or (obsolete) skoli)
* school (an institution dedicated to teaching and learning)
* school (the followers of a particular doctrine)
* school (a department/institute at a college or university)
* education

#### Related terms

* skolarxipp
* skolastiċiżmu
* skolastikament
* skolastiku
* skular

## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skwal-, from *skul-. If related to Sanskrit क्षालयति (kṣālayati, “to wash”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷsel-. Or, if related to Lithuanian skal͂bti (“to do laundry”), possibly from a late Proto-Indo-European *sk(ʷ)ol-b(ʰ)-.

### Verb

skola (singular past indicative skolaða, plural past indicative skoluðu, past participle skolaðr)
* wash

#### Descendants

* Danish: skylle
* Faroese: skola
* Icelandic: skola
* Norwegian: skylle
* Swedish: skölja
* → English: scullery (influenced)

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “skola”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
* Monier Williams (1899) “skola”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 327.
* Heijden, Vincent (2018): The Shared Lexicon Of Baltic, Slavic, AND Germanic, p. 31

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²skuːla/
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

From Old Swedish skula, from Old Norse skulu, from Proto-Germanic *skulaną.

#### Verb

skola (present ska or skall (formal), preterite skulle, supine skolat)
* (present tense ska) shall, will, be going to expresses intended future; used for plans, promises and decisions [with infinitive].
** 1964, “Ovan där [Up there]”, in Ivar Lindestad (lyrics), Charles Albert Tindley (music), Tjyvballader och barnatro [Thief ballads and childhood faith]‎, performed by Jailbird Singers, Uses old present tense plural forms, though not consistently:Prövningar vi möta få, och vi ofta ej förstå Herrens vägar när Han önskar att vi himlen skola nå.Trials we face, and we often don't understand the Lord's ways when He wishes that we shall reach heaven.
    Jag ska äta.I'm going to eat.
* (past tense skulle) [with infinitive]
** would expresses the conditional.
    Om jag hade en pizza så skulle jag äta den.If I had a pizza, I would eat it.
** should used to give advice, instruction, or an opinion.
    Jag skulle inte ha ätit två pizzor.I shouldn't have eaten two pizzas.
** was/were going to expresses the "anterior future" or "future in the past".
    Jag skulle just äta pizzan när svanen attackerade.I was just going to eat the pizza when the swan attacked.
** could, would used to make a phrase more polite.
    Skulle du kunna skjutsa mig till stan?Could you give me a ride to town?
    Jag skulle vilja ha en kaka.I would like a cookie.

##### Usage notes

* For semantic reasons, this verb hardly ever appears in the infinitive, which is unknown to many or perceived as archaic. The infinitive may also be perceived as archaic due to once being the present tense form used for plural subjects (see the quotations above).
* See also the usage notes for skall.

##### Conjugation

The short form of skall is ska and is more commonly used (skall matches English shall in tone and is used in similar contexts). However, skall is used in the expression vad som komma skall (“what is to come”), the grammar of which is very dated.

##### See also

* tack (“please (to add politeness)”)
* är du snäll (“please (in polite requests)”)
* borde (“should”)

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse skóli, from Proto-West Germanic *skōlu, from Late Latin schola (“learned discussion or dissertation, lecture, school”), from Ancient Greek σχολή (skholḗ, “spare time, leisure”), from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold, have, possess”).

#### Noun

skola c
* (countable, uncountable) school (education or instruction institution)
    Han går i skolanHe goes to school [He goes in the school]
    Barnen är i skolanThe children are at school [The children are in the school]
    Jag är i skolan just nuI'm at school right now [I am in the school right now]
    reformer i skolan / skolreformerschool reforms [reforms in the school]
    På torsdag är det öppet hus på skolanOn Thursday, there is an open house at the school [see usage notes below for "i skolan" vs. "på skolan"]
* a school (school of thought)
    Frankfurtskolanthe Frankfurt school

##### Usage notes

I (“in”) (as opposed to på) is the most idiomatic preposition for (being at and) attending school, and also when referring to the education system as a whole. På (“on”) implies "at the school" in a broader sense.

##### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | skola | skolas |
| singular | definite | skolan | skolans |
| plural | indefinite | skolor | skolors |
| plural | definite | skolorna | skolornas |

##### Derived terms

* aftonskola
* dövskola
* folkskola
* grundskola
* gymnasieskola
* högskola
* kunskapsskola
* lekskola
* livets hårda skola
* lågstadieskola
* mellanstadieskola
* plantskola
* realskola
* skollärare
* skolmästare
* söndagsskola
* trafikskola
* ungdomsskola
* vuxenskola
* yrkesskola

##### Descendants

* → Finnish: skole

##### See also

* lågstadium
* mellanstadium
* högstadium
* gymnasium
* högskola
* universitet
* high school

#### Verb

skola (present skolar, preterite skolade, supine skolat, imperative skola)
* to school, teach

##### Related terms

* skolning

### References

* skola in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* skola in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* skola in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

### Anagrams

* kolas, sloka

## Ternate
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsko.la]

### Noun

skola
* Alternative form of sikola (“school”)

### References

* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh