OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# płachta
## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *plaxъta. Cognate with Czech plachta, Polish płachta.

### Noun

płachta f
* sail
* sheet

#### Declension
### References

* Starosta, Manfred (1999) “płachta”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish płachta, from Proto-Slavic *plaxъta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpwax.ta/
* (Greater Poland):
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /ˈpwax.ta/
* (Masovia):
** (Near Masovian) IPA: /ˈpwax.ta/
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈpwax.ta/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ˈpwax.ta/
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [ˈpwax.ta]
** (Goral):
*** (Żywiec) IPA: /ˈpwax.ta/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -axta
* Syllabification: płach‧ta

### Noun

płachta f (diminutive płachetka or (rare) płachciątko, augmentative płachcisko)
* sheet, cloth, canvas
* (Kuyavia, Kielce, Żywiec) Synonym of prześcieradło
* (Near Masovian) cover made of thin, light boards (napiór) inserted into slats, fastened with claws and the wind blows on them
* (Near Masovian, Przemyśl) sheet for carrying grass

#### Derived terms

* działać jak czerwona płachta na byka

### Further reading

* płachta in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* płachta in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Oskar Kolberg (1867) “płachta”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 275
* Władysław Matlakowski (1891) “płachta”, in “Zbiór wyrazów ludowych dawnej ziemi czerskiej”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume 4, Krakow: Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, page 367
* Zygmunt Wasilewski (1889) “płachta”, in Jagodne: wieś w powiecie łukowskim, gminie Dąbie: zarys etnograficzny (in Polish), Warsaw: M. Arct, page 245
* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “płachta”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 118
* Leon Rzeszowski (1891) “płachta”, in “Spis wyrazów ludowych z okolic Żywca”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume 4, Krakow: Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, page 359
* Aleksander Saloni (1899) “płachta”, in “Lud wiejski w okolicy Przeworska”, in M. Arct, E. Lubowski, editors, Wisła : miesięcznik gieograficzno-etnograficzny (in Polish), volume 13, Warsaw: Artur Gruszecki, page 244
* Jan Łoś (1886) “płaxta”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 187
# treated like shit
## English
### Verb

treated like shit
* simple past and past participle of treat like shit
# proscribe
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English proscriben, from Latin prōscrībō (“to proclaim, forbid, banish”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɹəˈskɹaɪb/
* (distinguished from prescribe):
** (UK) IPA: /ˈpɹəʊˌskɹaɪb/
*** Audio (Southern England):(file)
** (General American) IPA: /ˈpɹoʊˌskɹaɪb/
* Rhymes: -aɪb
* Homophone: prescribe (in some dialects)

### Verb

proscribe (third-person singular simple present proscribes, present participle proscribing, simple past and past participle proscribed)
* (transitive) To forbid or prohibit.
    The law proscribes driving a car while intoxicated.
* (transitive) To denounce.
    Antonym: recommend
    The word ‘ain’t’ is proscribed by many authorities.
** 1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 13.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume III, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, page 1:If Joseph Willet, the denounced and proscribed of 'prentices, had happened to be at home when his father's courtly guest presented himself before the Maypole door— [...] he would have contrived, by hook or crook, to dive to the very bottom of Mr. Chester's mystery, and to come at his purpose with as much certainty as though he had been his confidential adviser.
* (transitive) To banish or exclude.
    Many Roman citizens were proscribed for taking part in rebellions.

#### Antonyms

* prescribe

#### Derived terms

* proscriber

#### Related terms

* proscription
* proscriptive
* proscriptivist

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

## Latin
### Verb

prōscrībe
* second-person singular present active imperative of prōscrībō

## Spanish
### Verb

proscribe
* inflection of proscribir:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
# inscientia
## Latin
### Etymology 1

From insciens +‎ -ia.

#### Noun

īnscientia f (genitive īnscientiae); first declension
* ignorance
* inexperience

##### Declension

First-declension noun.

##### Descendants

* Italian: inscienza
* Portuguese: insciência

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Adjective

īnscientia
* nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural of īnsciēns

### References

* “inscientia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “inscientia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* inscientia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# reppers
## English
### Noun

reppers
* plural of repper
# züchten
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German zühten, from Old High German zuhten (“rear, nourish”). By surface analysis, Zucht (“breeding”) +‎ -en (“verbal suffix”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

züchten (weak, third-person singular present züchtet, past tense züchtete, past participle gezüchtet, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive, agriculture) to breed
** 1886, Friedrich Nietzsche, Jenseits von Gut und Böse; Vorspiel einer Philosophie der Zukunft:Die Falschheit eines Urtheils ist uns noch kein Einwand gegen ein Urtheil; darin klingt unsre neue Sprache vielleicht am fremdesten. Die Frage ist, wie weit es lebenfördernd, lebenerhaltend, Arterhaltend, vielleicht gar Art-züchtend ist [...](please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (transitive) to cultivate, to grow (plants), to raise (people, animals), to keep (bees)
** 1886, Friedrich Nietzsche, Jenseits von Gut und Böse; Vorspiel einer Philosophie der Zukunft:Die Falschheit eines Urtheils ist uns noch kein Einwand gegen ein Urtheil; darin klingt unsre neue Sprache vielleicht am fremdesten. Die Frage ist, wie weit es lebenfördernd, lebenerhaltend, Arterhaltend, vielleicht gar Art-züchtend ist [...](please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* Züchten
* Züchter
* Züchtung

#### Related terms

* heranzüchten
* herauszüchten
* überzüchten
* Zucht

### Further reading

* “züchten” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “züchten” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “züchten” in Duden online
* “züchten” in OpenThesaurus.de
* Friedrich Kluge (1883) “züchten”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
# podkasać
## Polish
### Etymology

From pod- +‎ kasać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔtˈka.sat͡ɕ/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /pɔtˈka.sat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -asat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: pod‧ka‧sać

### Verb

podkasać pf (imperfective podkasywać)
* (transitive) to tug up, to hitch up (to pull up a piece of clothing)

#### Related terms

* wkasać
* zakasać

### Further reading

* podkasać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* podkasać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Jan Łoś (1886) “podkasany”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 187
# জ্বালানি
## Bengali
### Alternative forms

* জ্বালানী (jalani)

### Etymology

Derived from Sanskrit ज्वल् (jval, “to burn brightly, blaze, shine”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵwelH- (“to burn, to glow”).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /d͡ʒalani/, [ˈd͡ʒalaniˑ]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /dʑalani/, [ˈdʑalaniˑ]

### Noun

জ্বালানি • (jalani)
* fuel, firewood
    Synonyms: ফুয়েল (phuẏel), জ্বাল (jal), ইন্ধন (indhon)
* burning sensation, pain, irritation
    Synonyms: জ্বাল (jal), যন্ত্রণা (jontrona), জ্বালা (jala), যাতনা (jatona)

#### Related terms

* উজ্জ্বল (ujjjol, “bright”)
* জ্বর (jor, “fever”)
* জ্বলন (jolon, “combustion, burning”)
* জ্বলা (jola, “to burn, to shine”)
* জ্বাল (jal, “firewood, burning”)
* জ্বালা (jala, “irritation; to light up, to ignite”)

### Adjective

জ্বালানি • (jalani) (comparative আরও জ্বালানি, superlative সবচেয়ে জ্বালানি)
* fit for use as firewood

### References

* Subhasha Bhattacarya, Sailendra Biswas, Sailendra Biswas, and Jnanendramohana Dasa (2022) “জ্বালানি”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Bengali Dictionaries]
* Accessible Dictionary, Bengali-English, জ্বালানি, Government of Bangladesh
# জ্বর
## Bengali
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit জ্ৱর (jvara).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /d͡ʒɔɾ/, [ˈd͡ʒɔɾ]
    Audio:(file)
* (Dhaka) IPA: /dʑɔɹ/, [ˈdʑɔɹ]

### Noun

জ্বর • (jor)
* fever

#### Related terms

* উজ্জ্বল (ujjjol, “bright”)
* জ্বলন (jolon, “combustion, burning”)
* জ্বলা (jola, “to burn, to shine”)
* জ্বাল (jal, “firewood, burning”)
* জ্বালা (jala, “irritation; to light up, to ignite”)
* জ্বালানি (jalani, “fuel”)
# Wadenhoe
## English
### Proper noun

Wadenhoe
* A village and civil parish (served by Pilton, Stoke Doyle and Wadenhoe Parish Council) in North Northamptonshire, Northamptonshire, England, previously in East Northamptonshire district (OS grid ref TL0183).

### References

* Parish map
# ঝাল
## Bengali
### Etymology

From Sanskrit *झाल (jhāla, “burning, pungent”).

### Pronunciation

* (West Bengal) IPA: /d͡ʒʱal/, [d͡ʒʱal]
** Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -al

### Adjective

ঝাল • (jhal) (comparative আরও ঝাল, superlative সবচেয়ে ঝাল)
* hot, spicy, pungent

#### Derived terms

* ঝালঝস (jhalojhoś)
* ঝালমরিচ (jhalmoric)
* ঝোল (jhōl, “gravy”)

### Noun

ঝাল • (jhal)
* spiciness, spice
    আমি বেশি ঝাল সহ্য করতে পারি না।ami beśi jhal śôjjhô kôrte pari na.I can't handle too much spice.

#### Inflection
### References

* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*jhāla²”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 297
* “ঝাল”, in Accessible Dictionary [Bengali-English], Bangladesh: Young Power in Social Action (YPSA), 2018.
# scalper
## English
### Etymology

From scalp +‎ -er.

### Noun

scalper (plural scalpers)
* One who scalps, or removes the scalp of another.
** 2013, M. Elise Marubbio, Eric L. Buffalohead, Native Americans on Film: Conversations, Teaching, and Theory:Denouncing representations of hostile Indians as vicious scalpers of innocent settlers […]
* (US, Canada) One who scalps tickets to popular entertainment events: buying them in advance and then selling them (e.g. online or just outside the venue of the event), often at inflated prices.
    Synonym: (UK) ticket tout
    We could see three different scalpers moving through the crowd outside the arena, each muttering the characteristic refrain: “Need any tickets?”
** 2023 December 6, Sam Lansky, “Person of Year 2023 : Taylor Swift”, in Time‎:Although 4.1 million tickets were sold for the 2023 shows—including over 2 million on the first day, a new record—scalpers jacked up prices on the secondary market to more than $22,000.
* (by extension) One who scalps any other item with limited availability.
* (gambling) A gambler who scalps.
** 1961, John Scarne, Complete Guide to Gambling, page 102:The only sure thing about scalping the Series today is that the scalper is paying the bookie a greater profit because he is making a greater number of bets.
* (finance) A person on an open outcry exchange trading floor who buys and sells rapidly for his or her own account, aiming to buy from a seller and a little later sell to a buyer, making a small profit from the difference (roughly the amount of the bid/offer spread, or less).
* A machine for removing the ends of grain, such as wheat or rye, or for separating the different grades of broken wheat, semolina, etc.
* A surgical instrument for scraping carious bones.
    Synonym: scalping-iron

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* carpels, clasper, craples, parcels, placers, reclasp

## French
### Etymology

From English scalp +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /skal.pe/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

scalper
* (transitive) to scalp

#### Further reading

* “scalper”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# refreeze
## English
### Etymology

From re- +‎ freeze.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹiːˈfɹiːz/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːz

### Verb

refreeze (third-person singular simple present refreezes, present participle refreezing, simple past refroze, past participle refrozen)
* (transitive, intransitive) To freeze again.
    It's not a good idea to refreeze raw meat once it has been thawed.
    We've had another cold snap and the lake has refrozen.
** 1964 April, Warren Smith, “The Midland's accelerated timetable—the first year—II”, in Modern Railways, page 243:Successive falls of snow had thawed, or partially thawed, seeped into the ballast and, as temperatures dropped again, refrozen.
# starflower
## English
### Etymology

From star +‎ flower.

### Noun

starflower (plural starflowers)
* Borage (Borago officinalis), an annual herb, and its product, starflower oil (family Boraginaceae).
* Calytrix, a shrub native to Australia (family Myrtaceae).
* Erinus alpinus, an alpine plant (family Plantaginaceae).
* Grewia occidentalis (crossberry or lavender star flower, family Malvaceae).
* Ipheion, a genus of small bulbous perennials (family Amaryllidaceae).
* Orbea variegata, a succulent from South Africa (family Apocynaceae).
* Ornithogalum, a genus of perennial bulbous plants (family Asparagaceae), including:
** Ornithogalum arabicum (star-of-Bethlehem)
** Ornithogalum dubium (sun star or orange star)
** Ornithogalum narbonense (pyramidal star-of-Bethlehem)
** Ornithogalum nutans (drooping star-of-Bethlehem)
** Ornithogalum pyrenaicum (Bath asparagus, Prussian asparagus, spiked star-of-Bethlehem).
** Ornithogalum umbellatum (common star-of-Bethlehem).
* Any of several annual herbs, of the genus Trientalis (sometimes Lysimachia, having white star-shaped leaves (family Primulaceae))
** Trientalis borealis, northern starflower
** Trientalis europaea, European starflower or Arctic starflower
** Trientalis latifolia, Pacific starflower.

### References

* starflower on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# differential steering
## English
### Noun

differential steering (uncountable)
* (automotive, mechanical engineering) Steering by means of driving the wheels or treads on one side of a vehicle faster than those on the other side, or driving the wheels or treads on one side in the forward and on the other side in the reverse direction.
# tautologous
## English
### Etymology

From tautology +‎ -ous.

### Adjective

tautologous (comparative more tautologous, superlative most tautologous)
* Pertaining to a tautology; tautological.

#### Derived terms

* tautologousness
# nötigenfalls
## German
### Etymology

nötig +‎ -en- +‎ -falls

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

nötigenfalls
* Synonym of notfalls
** 2022 July 31, “Energie-Krise: Ricarda Lang lehnt Wiedereinstieg in Atomkraft ab”, in Der Spiegel‎, →ISSN:FDP-Chef Christian Lindner will deutsche Atomkraftwerke »nötigenfalls bis 2024« laufen lassen.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Further reading

* “nötigenfalls” in Duden online
* “nötigenfalls” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “nötigenfalls” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
# girlfriend experience
## English
### Noun

girlfriend experience (plural girlfriend experiences)
* A sexual encounter with a female sex worker within a context where romantic intimacy is provided.
    Synonym: GFE
    Coordinate terms: boyfriend experience, pornstar experience
** 2011, R. Barri Flowers, Prostitution in the Digital Age: Selling Sex from the Suite to the Street, ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 151:For many johns, the most popular feature of being with a prostitute is the so-called Girlfriend Experience, or GFE, where a client pays a prostitute to pretend to be his girlfriend during the session, making it seem more real than simply a business arrangement.

#### See also

* hobbyist
# sarcopenia
## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek σάρξ (sárx, “flesh”) +‎ πενῐ́ᾱ (penĭ́ā, “poverty, want”).

### Noun

sarcopenia (usually uncountable, plural sarcopenias)
* (pathology) Gradual loss of skeletal muscle due to aging, immobility, illness, or combinations thereof.
    Hypernym: wasting
    Coordinate term: cachexia
** 2008, Wilbert S. Aronow, Jerome L. Fleg, Michael W. Rich, Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly, 4th edition, Taylor & Francis, page 814:Factors contributing to frailty include sarcopenia and decline in executive function.
** 2021, Beatrice Gasperini, Stefano Volpato, Antonio Cherubini, Chapter 9: Acute Sarcopenia, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, John E. Morley (editors), Sarcopenia, John Wiley & Sons (Wiley Blackwell), 2nd Edition, page 96,
    The incidence of sarcopenia was investigated in the GLISTEN study. Sarcopenia at hospital admission was diagnosed in 227 (34.7%) patients.
** 2022, Jeffrey B. HalterJoseph G. OuslanderStephanie Studenskiet al., Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, 8th edition, McGraw Hill, page 736:When no evident cause of gradual-onset chronic sarcopenia is present in an older person, age-associated (primary) sarcopenia is diagnosed, and further examination of long-term habits that may have led to sarcopenia is appropriate.

#### Derived terms

* sarcopenic
* osteosarcopenia

#### Translations
### References

* https://web.archive.org/web/20070321202655/http://www.wordspy.com/words/sarcopenia.asp
* http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=17052879&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum

### Anagrams

* paranoeics, paranœics

## Dutch
### Noun

sarcopenia f (uncountable)
* Alternative form of sarcopenie

## Spanish
### Noun

sarcopenia f (plural sarcopenias)
* sarcopenia
# wasting disease
## English
### Noun

wasting disease (plural wasting diseases)
* Any medical condition that causes pronounced loss of body mass.
    He suffered from a horrible wasting disease and lost 100 pounds in only two weeks.

#### Related terms

* chronic wasting disease

#### See also

* sarcopenia, cachexia (signs or syndromes that can result from wasting diseases)
# cleanup on aisle
## English
### Alternative forms

* cleanup in aisle

### Etymology

Suggests an intercom message to employees in a large store. Perhaps popularized by the American comedy film Mr. Mom (1983).

### Phrase

cleanup on aisle
* (humorous) Indicates that a mess needs to be cleaned up, or that a messy situation needs to be resolved. (followed by an arbitrary number)
** 2012, Annameekee Hesik, The You Know Who Girls: Freshman Year:I knock over my bowl of cereal and spill it all over the coffee table. […] After she's satisfied with my cleanup on aisle three, my mom says, “Shouldn't you be getting ready to go? […]
** 2021, John Ritter, Fatal Conceit:"You're fixated on the idea you made a mess of your case." "Cleanup on aisle five. People died who shouldn't have."
** 2022, Charles A. Lewis, Neurodevelopment and Intelligence, page 313:Cleanup on aisle 9: Sulfur avidly binds mercury, and using fine sulfur powder, known as “flowers of sulfur” or “flowers of brimstone” to cover the exposed area is the preferred method for decontamination and cleanup of small mercury spills.

### See also

* code brown
# Propylgruppen
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʁoˈpyːlˌɡʁʊpn̩/, /pʁoˈpyːlˌɡʁʊpm̩̩/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Pro‧pyl‧grup‧pen

### Noun

Propylgruppen f
* plural of Propylgruppe
# μακρόχρονος
## Greek
### Etymology

From μακρός (makrós, “long”) +‎ χρόνος (chrónos).

### Adjective

μακρόχρονος • (makróchronos) m (feminine μακρόχρονη, neuter μακρόχρονο)
* (phonetics, phonology) long (of a vowel, of a sound)
    Antonym: βραχύχρονος (vrachýchronos)
* Synonym of μακροχρόνιος (makrochrónios).

#### Declension

Derivations: Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο μακρόχρονος, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο μακρόχρονος, etc.)

### Further reading

* μακρόχρονος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# ӈо
## Even
### Etymology

From Proto-Tungusic *ŋō, compare Evenki ӈо (ŋo).

### Noun

ӈо (ŋo)
* unpleasant smell

## Evenki
### Etymology

From Proto-Tungusic *ŋō, compare Even ӈо (ŋo).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ŋoː/
* Hyphenation: ӈо

### Noun

ӈо̄ • (ŋō)
* smell
* (dialectal) stink (bad smell)

### References

* Vasilevič, G. M. (1958) “нго̄”, in Эвэнкийско-Русский словарь [Evenki-Russian dictionary] (in Russian), Moscow: GIS

## Tundra Nenets
### Etymology

From Proto-Samoyedic *woəj.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ŋo]
* Hyphenation: ӈо

### Noun

ӈо • (ŋo)
* island

#### Declension
### References

* Pyrerka, A. P., Tereščenko, N. M. (1948) Русско-ненецкий словарь [Russian–Nenets Dictionary], Moscow: Огиз, page 171
* N. M. Tereschenko (2005) “ӈо”, in Словарь ненецко-русский и русско-ненецкий, 3rd edition, Saint Petersburg: Просвещение, →ISBN
# war of independence
## English
### Noun

war of independence (plural wars of independence)
* A civil war by which a rebellious party achieves its independence from a state or ruler.
    Synonyms: independence war, freedom fight, war of liberation

#### Translations
### Further reading

* war of independence on Wikipedia.Wikipedia