# soc
## English
### Etymology 1

Abbreviation of sociology and social.

#### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /səʊʃ/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US) IPA: /soʊʃ/
* Rhymes: -əʊʃ
* Homophone: sosh

#### Noun

soc (countable and uncountable, plural socs)
* (slang, uncountable) Sociology or social science.
* (slang, countable) Upper class youth.
** 1967, S. E. Hinton, The Outsiders, page 2:We get jumped by the Socs. I'm not sure how you spell it, but it's the abbreviation for the Socials, the jet set, the West-side rich kids.

##### Alternative forms

* Soc

### Etymology 2

Clipping of society.

#### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /sɒk/
* (General American) IPA: /sɑk/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒk

#### Noun

soc (plural socs)
* (UK, university slang) A society (circle, club, interest group).
    Are you part of any socs this year?

##### Derived terms

* -soc (society-name-forming suffix)

### Etymology 3

From Middle English soke, sok, soc, from Old English sōcn. More at soke.

#### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /sɒk/
* (US) IPA: /sɑk/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Homophone: sock

#### Noun

soc (uncountable)
* (UK, law, historical) The lord's power or privilege of holding a court in a district, as in manor or lordship; jurisdiction of causes, and the limits of that jurisdiction.
    Synonym: soke
** 1869, George Norton, Commentaries on the History, Constitution, and Chartered Franchises of the City of London, page 96:As proprietors of the soc, the lords claimed a great number of fees and perquisites, payable by all classes of people, whether free or servile, who negotiated any affairs within the soc, and which no doubt formed in themselves a considerable source of revenue.
** 2001, Theodore Frank Thomas Plucknett, A Concise History of the Common Law, page 96:Doubts have recently been cast upon Maitland's view that the Anglo-Saxon "sac and soc" included the right to hold a petty court, to compel tenants to attend it, and to take profits from it.
* (UK, obsolete) An exclusive privilege formerly claimed by millers of grinding all the corn used within the manor or township in which the mill stands.

##### Derived terms

* soc and sac, sac and soc

### Anagrams

* 'cos, CSO, Cos, OCS, OCs, OSC, SCO, co's, cos, cos.

## Catalan
### Etymology 1

Compare soca (“trunk”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈsɔk]

#### Noun

soc m (plural socs)
* stump (of a tree)
* block (of an anvil)
* block, chock (for preventing movement of a wheel)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin soccus (“slipper”). Compare Spanish zueco.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈsɔk]

#### Noun

soc m (plural socs)
* clog (wooden shoe)
    Synonym: esclop
* shoe (of a brake)

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic سُوق (sūq, “market”).

#### Alternative forms

* assoc

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈsɔk]

#### Noun

soc m or f (plural socs)
* souq

### Etymology 4

From Latin sum. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Is there an etymological source for the final /k/?”)

#### Alternative forms

* sóc (pre-2016 spelling)
* so (archaic or dialectal)
* só (archaic or dialectal, pre-2016)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈsok]

#### Verb

soc
* first-person singular present indicative of ser
* first-person singular present indicative of ésser

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈsok]

#### Noun

soc m (plural socs)
* (dialectal) Alternative form of solc (“furrow; groove”)

### Further reading

* “soc” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “soc” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “soc”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “soc” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

## Chinese
### Alternative forms

* 嫂, (in compounds) so

### Etymology

From clipping of English society.

### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): sou$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sou$^2$
*** Yale: sóu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sou$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sou̯³⁵/

### Noun

soc
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) society
    From: 2018, 白告, 我的你的紅的 Taxi 2, page 110
    heoi$^3$ dou$^3$ jat$^6$ fu$^1$, jin$^6$ coeng$^4$ jau$^5$ ji$^6$ sap$^6$ gei$^2$ jan$^4$ kei$^5$ hai$^2$ dou$^6$, cing$^1$ jat$^1$ sik$^1$ ge$^3$ sou$^2$ ti$^1$, baai$^2$ ming$^4$ hai$^6$ m$^4$ zi$^1$ me$^1$ zong$^1$ saan$^3$ wui$^5$ waak$^6$ ze$^2$ saan$^3$ wut$^6$ dung$^6$. [Jyutping]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

## French
### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *soccus, a word borrowed from Gaulish, from Proto-Celtic *sukkos (literally “pig's snout”) (compare Middle Irish socc, Welsh swch (“plowshare”)), from Proto-Indo-European *suH-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɔk/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

soc m (plural socs)
* plowshare
* (butchery) Boston butt

### Further reading

* “soc”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* Cos

## Irish
### Etymology

From Middle Irish socc (“pig’s snout”), from Proto-Celtic *sukkos (“pig”) (compare Welsh hwch), from Proto-Indo-European *suH-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sˠɔk/

### Noun

soc m (genitive singular soic, nominative plural soic)
* snout, muzzle (of an animal)
* nozzle
* the projecting end of something, such as:
    soc camáin ― toe of a hurley
    soc eitleáin, roicéid, báid srl. ― nose of an airplane, rocket, boat etc.
    soc céachta ― plowshare
    soc inneonach ― horn of an anvil

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
soc
soic
vocative
a shoic
a shoca
genitive
soic
soc
dative
soc
soic
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an soc
na soic
genitive
an tsoic
na soc
dative
leis an soc don soc
leis na soic :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* “soc”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “soc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “soc”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 666
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “soc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 39

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /soːk/

### Verb

sōc
* first/third-person singular preterite indicative of sacan

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *sokk.

### Noun

soc m
* sock

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: soc, socke
** Alemannic German: Sock, Socke, Sockä, Socka
** Central Franconian: Sock
** German: Socke (see there for further descendants)
** Vilamovian: zok

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

### Interjection

soc
* pow (the sound of a punch)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin sabūcus, variant of sambūcus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sok/
* Rhymes: -ok

### Noun

soc m (plural soci)
* elder (plant)

#### Derived terms

* socată

## Swedish
### Etymology 1

Clipping of socialtjänsten (“the social services”).

#### Noun

soc
* (colloquial) the social services
    Synonym: socialtjänsten

##### Derived terms

* socfall

### Etymology 2

Clipping of socialbidrag (“welfare”).

#### Noun

soc
* (colloquial) welfare (government financial assistance)
    Synonym: socialbidrag
    gå på soclive on welfare

### References

* soc in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)