# 怜

| 怜 | U+601C, &#24604; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-601C |
| ← 怛 [U+601B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 思 → [U+601D] |
| 怜 | U+F9AC, &#63916; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9AC |
| ← 嶺 [U+F9AB] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 玲 → [U+F9AD] |

## Translingual
### Han character

怜 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心人戈戈 (POII), four-corner 9803$_7$, composition ⿰忄令)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 381, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10461
* Dae Jaweon: page 709, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2287, character 4
* Unihan data for U+601C
* Unihan data for U+F9AC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 令 | *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs |
| 怜 | *riːn, *reːŋ |
| 零 | *riːŋ, *reːŋ, *reːŋs |
| 魿 | *ɡriŋ, *reːŋ |
| 命 | *mreŋs |
| 冷 | *raːŋʔ, *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ |
| 跉 | *reŋ, *reːŋ |
| 嶺 | *reŋʔ |
| 領 | *reŋʔ |
| 阾 | *reŋʔ, *reːŋ |
| 柃 | *reŋʔ, *reːŋ |
| 袊 | *reŋʔ |
| 詅 | *reŋs, *reːŋ |
| 旍 | *ʔsleŋ |
| 舲 | *reːŋ |
| 齡 | *reːŋ |
| 囹 | *reːŋ |
| 鴒 | *reːŋ |
| 蛉 | *reːŋ |
| 鈴 | *reːŋ |
| 苓 | *reːŋ |
| 伶 | *reːŋ |
| 泠 | *reːŋ |
| 瓴 | *reːŋ |
| 拎 | *reːŋ |
| 刢 | *reːŋ |
| 玲 | *reːŋ |
| 聆 | *reːŋ |
| 竛 | *reːŋ |
| 軨 | *reːŋ |
| 笭 | *reːŋ, *reːŋʔ |
| 翎 | *reːŋ |
| 閝 | *reːŋ |
| 鹷 | *reːŋ |
| 昤 | *reːŋ |
| 駖 | *reːŋ |
| 彾 | *reːŋ |
| 呤 | *reːŋ |
| 狑 | *reːŋ |
| 秢 | *reːŋ |
| 岭 | *reːŋ |
| 紷 | *reːŋ |
| 砱 | *reːŋ |
| 羚 | *reːŋ |
| 姈 | *reːŋ |
| 蕶 | *reːŋ |
| 澪 | *reːŋ |

### Etymology 1

* For pronunciation and definitions of 怜 – see 憐 (“to pity; to sympathize; to love tenderly”). (This character is the simplified form of 憐).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): líng (ling$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄥˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: líng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: líng
*** Wade–Giles: ling$^2$
*** Yale: líng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ling
*** Palladius: лин (lin)
*** Sinological IPA : /liŋ³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: leng
Rime :
| Character | 怜 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 郎丁切 |
| Baxter | leng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /leŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /leŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /leŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /lieŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /lieŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | líng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ling$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*reːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 怜 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 8318 |
| Phonetic component | 令 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 靈 |
| Old Chinese | /*reːŋ/ |

#### Definitions

怜
* Only used in 怜悧.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lǐng (ling$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄥˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǐng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǐng
*** Wade–Giles: ling$^3$
*** Yale: lǐng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liing
*** Palladius: лин (lin)
*** Sinological IPA : /liŋ²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

怜
* to know

#### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C03651

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: りょう (ryō)
* Kan-on: れい (rei)、れん (ren)
* Kun: あわれむ (awaremu, 怜れむ)、さとい (satoi, 怜い)
* Nanori: さとし (satoshi)

### Proper noun

怜(さとし) • (Satoshi)
* a male given name

### Proper noun

怜(れい) • (Rei)
* a female given name

## Korean
### Hanja

怜 • (ryeong>yeong, ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 령>영, 련>연, revised ryeong>yeong, ryeon>yeon, McCune–Reischauer ryŏng>yŏng, ryŏn>yŏn, Yale lyeng>yeng, lyen>yen)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.