# 幹

| 幹 | U+5E79, &#24185; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E79 |
| ← 幸 [U+5E78] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 幺 → [U+5E7A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

幹 (Kangxi radical 51, 干+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 十十人一十 (JJOMJ), four-corner 4844$_1$, composition ⿰𠦝𫢉)

#### Derived characters

* 𠿨, 擀, 澣, 檊, 𩼛, 𭗠, 𦼮, 簳

#### Related characters

* 榦 (Variant traditional form of 幹 in mainland China)
* 干 (Simplified form of 幹 in mainland China)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 341, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9183
* Dae Jaweon: page 650, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 409, character 9
* Unihan data for U+5E79

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 訐 | *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad |
| 肝 | *kaːn |
| 竿 | *kaːn |
| 干 | *kaːn |
| 奸 | *kaːn |
| 玕 | *kaːn |
| 汗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 迀 | *kaːn |
| 忓 | *kaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 鳱 | *kaːn |
| 邗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn |
| 秆 | *kaːnʔ |
| 矸 | *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns |
| 仠 | *kaːnʔ |
| 皯 | *kaːnʔ |
| 衦 | *kaːnʔ |
| 簳 | *kaːnʔ |
| 擀 | *kaːnʔ |
| 旰 | *kaːns |
| 盰 | *kaːns |
| 幹 | *kaːns |
| 杆 | *kaːns |
| 骭 | *kaːns, *ɡraːns |
| 桿 | *kaːnʔ |
| 趕 | *kaːnʔ |
| 稈 | *kaːnʔ |
| 刊 | *kʰaːn |
| 靬 | *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan |
| 衎 | *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns |
| 犴 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns |
| 豻 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn |
| 頇 | *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd |
| 岸 | *ŋɡaːns |
| 鼾 | *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns |
| 罕 | *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns |
| 焊 | *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns |
| 蔊 | *qʰaːnʔ |
| 虷 | *ɡaːn |
| 旱 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 皔 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 釬 | *ɡaːns |
| 扞 | *ɡaːns |
| 閈 | *ɡaːns |
| 馯 | *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn |
| 捍 | *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ |
| 悍 | *ɡaːns |
| 銲 | *ɡaːns |
| 垾 | *ɡaːns |
| 駻 | *ɡaːns |
| 睅 | *ɡʷranʔ |
| 娨 | *ɡraːns |
| 飦 | *kan |
| 赶 | *ɡan, *ɡʷad |
| 軒 | *qʰan |
| 蓒 | *qʰan |
| 酐 | *qʰaːŋʔ |
| 澣 | *ɡʷaːnʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaːns): semantic 倝 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn).

### Etymology 1

The vulgar sense entered Mandarin from Hokkien 姦／奸 (kàn), as 姦 shares the same pronunciation with 幹 in Hokkien.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gàn (gan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gon$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): gāng
* Eastern Min (BUC): gáng / guāng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kàn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gang$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$koe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gàn
*** Wade–Giles: kan$^4$
*** Yale: gàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gann
*** Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gon$^3$
*** Yale: gon
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gon$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gon$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔːn³³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gāng
*** Sinological IPA : /kaŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gáng / guāng
*** Sinological IPA : /kɑŋ²¹³/, /kuaŋ³³/
* gáng - literary;
* guāng - colloquial.
* Middle Chinese: kanH
Rime :
| Character | 幹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古案切 |
| Baxter | kanH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gon$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤar-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 幹 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kan$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁar-s/ |
| English | stem; framework |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 幹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3587 |
| Phonetic component | 干 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 旰 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːns/ |

#### Definitions

幹
* main part of something; body; trunk
    樹幹／树干 ― shùgàn ― trunk of a plant
    軀幹／躯干 ― qūgàn ― body of animals
    幹道／干道 ― gàndào ― main road; high street
* (colloquial) to do
    你在幹什麼？／你在干什么？ ― Nǐ zài gàn shénme? ― What are you doing?
       Gàn gémìng kào de shì Máozédōngsīxiǎng. [Pinyin]
       Making revolution depends on Mao Zedong thought.
* to work
    幹活／干活 ― gànhuó ― to work
    你是幹什麼的？／你是干什么的？ ― Nǐ shì gàn shénme de? ― What is your job?
* (vulgar) to fuck; to engage in sexual intercourse
    幹恁娘！／干恁娘！ [Hokkien] ― Kàn-lín-niâ! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Fuck your mother!
    幹你媽！／干你妈！ ― Gàn nǐ mā! ― Fuck your mother!
    From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18th century CE
    Jīn Róng zhǐ yīkǒu yǎodìng shuō: “Fāngcái míngmíng de zhuàngjiàn tā liǎng ge zài hòuyuànzi lǐ qīnzuǐ mō pìgǔ, yīduìyī cào, juē cǎogēnr chōu chángduǎn, shéi cháng shéi xiān gàn.” [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (vulgar) to kill
    幹掉他！／干掉他！ ― Gàndiào tā! ― Kill him!
* (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) to steal
       Shéi gàn zǒu le wǒ de bǐ?! [Pinyin]
       Who stole my pen?!
* (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) to blame; to condemn
    公幹／公干 ― gōng gàn ― criticized by everyone
* (Taiwan, vulgar, colloquial) Expressing dismay or discontent.
* (dialectal Mandarin) to sort someone out
    信不信我幹你？／信不信我干你？ [Northeastern Mandarin] ― Xìn bù xìn wǒ gàn nǐ? [Pinyin] ― Believe it or not, I'll sort you out .

##### Synonyms

* (to do):
* 作
* 做 (zuò)
* 妝 / 妆 (Wenzhounese)
* 搞 (gǎo)
* 整治 (zhěngzhì)
* 物 (muêh$^8$) (Teochew)
* 變 / 变 (Hokkien)
* 辦 / 办 (bàn)
* (to fuck):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 肏$_1$, 日, 弄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 幹, 肏$_1$ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 肏$_1$ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 肏$_1$ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 幹 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 幹 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 肏$_1$ |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 肏$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 日, 尻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 日 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 窄, 失 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 日 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 日, 尻, 操, 肏$_1$ |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 日 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 日 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 日 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 日 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 日, 搞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 日, 肏$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 日 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 屌, 肏$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 屌, 肏$_1$ |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 日, 操 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 入 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 弄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 屌 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 戳 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 戳 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 戳 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 屌 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 屌 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 屌 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 屌 |
| Hakka | Changting | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 屌 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 屌 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 屌, 戳 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 屌 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 屌 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 屌 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 屌, 戳 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 屌 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 屌 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 屌 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 屌 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 透, 肏$_1$, 日 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 透, 日 |
| Jin | Linhe | 透 |
| Jin | Jining | 透 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 透 |
| Jin | Baotou | 透 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 饁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 𠚺 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 𠚺 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 𠚺 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 𠚺 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 操 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 操 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 戳 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 戳 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 操 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 箍 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 使, 獛 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 使 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 使 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 使 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 使 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 使 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 使 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 姦, 躄 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 姦, 使 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 使 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 肏$_4$ |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 肏$_4$ |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 肏$_4$ |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 騷 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 騷 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 屌 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 屌 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 戳 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 戳 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 戳 |
| Wu | Haining (Yanguan) | 戳 |
| Wu | Danyang | 肏$_5$ |
| Wu | Ningbo | 嬉 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 裝 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 弄, 入 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 肏$_3$ |
| Xiang | Loudi | 肏$_3$ |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 肏$_3$ |

#### Compounds

* 三門幹部 / 三门干部
* 不幹 / 不干 (bùgàn)
* 主幹 / 主干 (zhǔgàn)
* 主幹家庭 / 主干家庭 (zhǔgàn jiātíng)
* 井幹 / 井干
* 交感幹 / 交感干 (jiāogǎngàn)
* 交感神經幹 / 交感神经干 (jiāogǎnshénjīnggàn)
* 儲備幹部 / 储备干部
* 充能幹 / 充能干
* 公幹 / 公干 (gōnggàn)
* 勾幹 / 勾干
* 單幹 / 单干
* 單幹戶 / 单干户
* 埋頭苦幹 / 埋头苦干 (máitóukǔgàn)
* 夯幹 / 夯干
* 央浼營幹 / 央浼营干
* 實幹 / 实干 (shígàn)
* 對著幹 / 对著干 (duìzhegàn)
* 幹上了 / 干上了
* 幹不了 / 干不了 (“cannot do it”)
* 幹不來 / 干不来 (“cannot do it”)
* 幹了 / 干了
* 幹事 / 干事 (“secretary in charge”)
* 幹人 / 干人
* 幹什麼 / 干什么 (gàn shénme, “do what? why?”)
* 幹仗 / 干仗 (“to quarrel”)
* 幹勁 / 干劲 (gànjìn, “vigor”)
* 幹吏 / 干吏
* 幹員 / 干员 (gànyuán)
* 幹嗎 / 干吗 (“why on earth”)
* 幹嘛 / 干嘛 (“why on earth”)
* 幹家 / 干家 (“household manager”)
* 幹家做活 / 干家做活
* 幹家緣 / 干家缘
* 幹將 / 干将 (gànjiàng, “go-getter”)
* 幹得了 / 干得了
* 幹得來 / 干得来
* 幹得過兒 / 干得过儿 (“can be done”)
* 幹才 / 干才 (“ability”)
* 幹掉 / 干掉 (gàndiào, “to finish, to kill”)
* 幹架 / 干架 (gànjià, “to quarrel”)
* 幹校 / 干校 (“cadre school”)
* 幹活 / 干活 (gànhuó, “to work”)
* 幹流 / 干流 (gànliú, “trunk stream”)
* 幹渠 / 干渠 (“trunk canal”)
* 幹濟 / 干济
* 幹營生 / 干营生
* 幹父之蠱 / 干父之蛊
* 幹略 / 干略
* 幹當 / 干当
* 幹的停當 / 干的停当
* 幹細胞 / 干细胞 (gànxìbāo, “stem cell”)
* 幹線 / 干线 (gànxiàn, “main line”)
* 幹練 / 干练 (gànliàn, “competent”)
* 幹線公車 / 干线公车
* 幹缺 / 干缺
* 幹蠱 / 干蛊
* 幹警 / 干警 (gànjǐng, “cadre and police”)
* 幹路 / 干路 (gànlù, “main road”)
* 幹辦 / 干办
* 幹道 / 干道 (gàndào, “main road”)
* 幹部 / 干部 (gànbù, “cadre”)
* 幹部學校 / 干部学校 (“cadre school”)
* 幹頭 / 干头
* 幹頭兒 / 干头儿 (“worth”)
* 幹麼 / 干么 (gànmá)
* 府幹 / 府干
* 強幹 / 强干
* 強幹弱枝 / 强干弱枝
* 彊幹弱枝 / 强干弱枝
* 徐幹 / 徐干
* 才幹 / 才干 (cáigàn)
* 才能幹濟 / 才能干济
* 打幹 / 打干
* 材幹 / 材干 (cáigān)
* 枝幹 / 枝干 (zhīgàn)
* 楨幹 / 桢干
* 樹幹 / 树干 (shùgàn, “tree trunk”)
* 沒幹 / 没干
* 沒幹頭 / 没干头
* 沒梢幹 / 没梢干
* 洗手不幹 / 洗手不干
* 營幹 / 营干
* 盲幹 / 盲干 (mánggàn)
* 硬幹 / 硬干
* 管幹 / 管干
* 精幹 / 精干 (jīnggàn)
* 精明幹練 / 精明干练
* 精明強幹 / 精明强干
* 精明能幹 / 精明能干
* 總幹事 / 总干事 (zǒnggànshì)
* 能幹 / 能干 (nénggàn)
* 腦幹 / 脑干 (nǎogàn)
* 苦幹 / 苦干 (kǔgàn)
* 薄幹 / 薄干
* 蠻幹 / 蛮干 (mángàn)
* 詞幹 / 词干 (cígàn)
* 謀幹 / 谋干
* 貴幹 / 贵干 (guìgàn)
* 趲幹 / 趱干
* 軀幹 / 躯干 (qūgàn)
* 軀幹骨 / 躯干骨
* 配水幹管 / 配水干管
* 里幹事
* 韓幹 / 韩干
* 韓幹畫馬 / 韩干画马
* 領導幹部 / 领导干部
* 頭臂動脈幹 / 头臂动脉干 (tóubìdòngmàigàn)
* 頭臂幹 / 头臂干 (tóubìgàn)
* 骨幹 / 骨干 (gǔgàn)
* 高幹 / 高干 (gāogàn)

#### Descendants

* → Proto-Tai: *kaːnꟲ
** Lao: ກ້ານ (kān)
** Shan: ၵၢၼ်ႈ (kāan)
** Thai: ก้าน (gâan)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gān (gan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gān
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gan
*** Wade–Giles: kan$^1$
*** Yale: gān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
*** Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kän⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

幹
* just
* calm
* Alternative form of 干 (“heavenly stem”)
* dead

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hán (han$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hán
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hán
*** Wade–Giles: han$^2$
*** Yale: hán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harn
*** Palladius: хань (xanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xän³⁵/
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤar/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 幹 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ han › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁar/ |
| English | wall of a well |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||

#### Definitions

幹
* Alternative form of 韓 / 韩 (hán, “fence around a well”)

### References

* “幹”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
* Kun: みき (miki, 幹, Jōyō)、から (kara, 幹)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 幹
* みき Grade: 5
* kun'yomi
Originally a compound of 身(み) (mi, “body”) + 木(き) (ki, “tree”).
First cited to a text from 1726.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) みき [míꜜkì] (Atamadaka – [1])
* (Tokyo) みき [mìkí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [mʲikʲi]

#### Noun

幹(みき) • (miki)
* [from 1726] the trunk or core of something:
** a tree trunk
** a plant stalk

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 幹
* から Grade: 5
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 幹 – see the following entry. :
| 【柄から】S | [counter] used to count items with shafts [noun] the trunk or stem of a plant [noun] the shaft of an arrow [noun] the shaft, haft, or handle of a tool [prefix] describes something with a stem, shaft, or handle |
(This term, 幹, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 幹
* かん Grade: 5
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 幹 (MC kanH).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kã̠ɴ]

#### Affix

幹(かん) • (kan)
* tree trunk; stem
* main part; core
* talent; capability

##### Derived terms

* 幹細胞(かんさいぼう) (kansaibō): stem cell
* 新幹線(しんかんせん) (shinkansen): bullet train
* 脳幹(のうかん) (nōkan): brain stem

### References

* 1 2 “幹”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ “幹”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

幹 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

幹: Hán Việt readings: can, cán, hàn
幹: Nôm readings: cán
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.