# زمین
## Baluchi
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *jáHs, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm.

### Noun

زمین • (zamín)
* earth
* land
* ground
* soil

## Persian
### Alternative forms

* زمی (zami) (archaic, dialectal)

### Etymology

From earlier زمی (zamī), from Middle Persian zmyk' (zamīg, “earth”), from Proto-Iranian *jáHs, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰžʰáHs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm.
Indo-Iranian cognates include: Northern Kurdish zevî, Northern Luri زمی (zemi), Avestan 𐬰𐬃 (zā̊), Sanskrit क्ष (kṣa)

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [za.ˈmiːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zä.míːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zä.míːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [zä.míːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [zä.mín]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [zæ.míːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [zä.mín]

### Noun

| Dari | زمین |
| Iranian Persian | زمین |
| Tajik | замин |
زَمین • (zamin) (plural زمین‌ها (zamin-hâ))
* earth
* land
    Synonym: سرزمین (sarzamin)
* soil
    Synonyms: خاک (xâk), سرزمین (sarzamin)
* ground
* estate
    Synonym: ملک (melk)

#### Derived terms

* زمین خوردن (zamin xordan)
* زمین زدن (zamin zadan)
* زمیندار (zamin-dâr)
* زمین‌شناس (zamin-šenâs)
* سرزمین (sarzamin)

### Proper noun

| Dari | زمین |
| Iranian Persian | زمین |
| Tajik | замин |
زَمین • (za‌min)
* Earth

#### Derived terms

* زمینی (zamini)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: zəmin
* → Baluchi: زمین (zamīn)
* → Bengali: জমিন (jomin), জমিঁ (jomĩ), জমি (jomi)
* → Hindustani:
** Hindi: ज़मीन (zamīn)
** Urdu: زمین (zamīn)
* → Northern Kurdish: zemîn
* → Odia: ଜମିନ୍ (jamin), ଜମି (jami)
* → Ottoman Turkish: زمین (zemin)
** > Turkish: zemin (inherited)
* → Punjabi:
** Gurmukhi script: ਜ਼ਮੀਨ (zamīn), ਜ਼ਿਮੀਂ (zimī̃)
** Shahmukhi script: زمین (zamīn)
* → Kannada: ಜಮೀನು (jamīnu)
* → Tamil: ஜமீன் (jamīṉ)
* → Turkmen: zemin
* → Sindhi: زمين (zamīnu)
* → Uyghur: زامىن (zamin)
* → Uzbek: zamin

#### See also

* planets of the Solar System: سیاره‌های منظومه شمسی (sayyâre-hâ-ye manzume-ye šamsi): تیر (tir) · ناهید (nâhid) · زمین (zamin) · مریخ (merrix) · مشتری (moštari) · زحل (zohal) · اورانوس (urânus) · نپتون (neptun)

### References

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “زمین”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
* MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “zamīg”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 98

## Punjabi
### Alternative forms

* زِمِیں (zimīṉ)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian زمین (zamīn). Compare Urdu زمین.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zə.miːnə̆/, /d͡ʒə.miːnə̆/

### Noun

زَمِین • (zamīn) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਜ਼ਮੀਨ)
* earth, land, ground, soil
    Synonym: بھوئیں (bho'eṉ)
* base, foundation
* fields, property
    Synonym: ਭੋਏਂ (bhoē̃)
* (art) ground, field, background

### Further reading

* “ਜਮੀਨ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian زَمِین (zamīn). First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi زمین (zmyn /⁠zamīn⁠/). Compare Punjabi زمین (zamīn), Sindhi زَمِينُ (zamīnu).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /zə.miːn/
* Rhymes: -iːn
* Hyphenation: زَ‧مِین

### Noun

زَمِین • (zamīn) f (Hindi spelling ज़मीन)
* land, plot, estate (area)
* soil
    Synonyms: مِٹّی (miṭṭī), خاک (xāk)
* the earth, world (as opposed to the sky, heaven)
    Synonyms: دُنْیَا (dunyā), دَھرْتِی (dhartī)
* surface, ground
    Synonym: فَرْش (farś)
* region, area
    Synonyms: خِطَّا (xittā), اَرْض (arz), عِلَاقَہ ('ilāqa)
* country, land, homeland
    Synonyms: وَطَن (vatan), دیس (des), سَرْزَمِین (sarzamīn)
* (poetry) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}. (Can we verify this sense?)

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ “زمین”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

### Further reading

* “زمین”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “زمین”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]