OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# omu
## Corsican
### Etymology

From Latin homo (“person, man”), from Old Latin hemo, from Proto-Italic *hemō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰmṓ (“earthling”). Cognates include Italian uomo (“person, man”), Romanian om (“human, man”), Sicilian omu/òmminu (“human, person, man”).

### Noun

omu m
* person, man
* man, male

### Pronoun

omu
* one

## Latvian
### Noun

omu f
* inflection of oma:
** accusative/instrumental singular
** genitive plural

## Sicilian
### Alternative forms

* òmminu (analogical singular from plural)

### Etymology

From Latin homo (“man, human being”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔmu/
* Hyphenation: ò‧mu

### Noun

omu m (plural òmini)
* man
* human being, mankind

#### Synonyms

* (man): cristianu

## Sranan Tongo
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch oom.

### Noun

omu
* uncle
* (colloquial) ethnic Chinese shopkeeper
** 1982, R. Jie (lyrics and music), “Ommoe Snesie”, in Cynthia, performed by Conjunto Latinos:Mi go na omu Sneisi / Fu go bai brede / Dan mi o poti botro gi en / Dan mi o poti kasi gi enI'm going to uncle Chinese / To buy bread / Then I'll put butter on it / Then I'll put cheese on it
* (colloquial, metonymically) corner store

## Ternate
### Verb

omu
* (stative) to be ripe

#### References

* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
# biezināmā
## Latvian
### Participle

biezināmā
* locative singular masculine/feminine of biezināms

### Participle

biezināmā
* inflection of biezināmais:
** genitive singular masculine
** nominative/vocative singular feminine
# eòin
## Scottish Gaelic
### Pronunciation

* (Lewis) IPA: /jõːɲ/, [e̯õːʲɲʲ]
* (Harris, Benbecula, South Uist, Barra, Skye, Wester Ross) IPA: /e̯ɔ̃ːɲ/, /ɛ̯ɔ̃ːɲ/
* (North Uist) IPA: /æɔ̃ːɲ/

### Noun

eòin m
* inflection of eun (“bird”):
** genitive singular
** nominative plural

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1940) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. I: The dialects of the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
# збільшення
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From збі́льшити (zbílʹšyty) +‎ -ення (-ennja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzʲbʲilʲʃenʲːɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

збі́льшення • (zbílʹšennja) n inan (genitive збі́льшення, uncountable)
* (uncountable) magnification
* (uncountable) augmentation
* (uncountable) enhancement
* (uncountable) increase, growth
* (uncountable) expansion, extension, enlargement

#### Related terms

* збі́льшувати impf (zbílʹšuvaty), збі́льшити pf (zbílʹšyty)
* збі́льшуватися impf (zbílʹšuvatysja), збі́льшитися pf (zbílʹšytysja)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “збільшення”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2014), “збільшення”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 5 (з – зв'я́нути), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “збільшення”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “збільшення”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “збільшення”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# reunustaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

reunus (“edge, border”) +‎ -taa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈreu̯nustɑːˣ/, [ˈre̞u̯nus̠tɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -eunustɑː
* Hyphenation: reu‧nus‧taa

### Verb

reunustaa
* (transitive) to edge, line (furnish with a border or an edge)
* (intransitive) to line, border, bound (be at the edge or boundary of something)

#### Derived terms

* reunustaminen
* reunuste
* reunustus

### Further reading

* “reunustaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* suurentaa
# stalinistką
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sta.liˈɲist.kɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -istkɔw̃
* Syllabification: sta‧li‧nist‧ką

### Noun

stalinistką
* instrumental singular of stalinistka
# culrage
## English
### Etymology

From Old English culrage, culrache; probably from Old French cul (“the buttock”) + rage; compare French curage.

### Noun

culrage (uncountable)
* (archaic) smartweed

### References

* “culrage”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# արձանագրել
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian արձանագրեմ (arjanagrem).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑɾd͡zɑnɑɡˈɾel/, [ɑɾd͡zɑnɑɡɾél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑɾt͡sɑnɑkˈɾel/, [ɑɾt͡sʰɑnɑkʰɾél]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Verb

արձանագրել • (arjanagrel)
* to record; to protocol; to minute, to take the minutes
* to establish (a fact)
* to inscribe on stone

#### Inflection

*colloquial **dated
*colloquial **dated
# xắt
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 切 (SV: thiết). Doublet of siết.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [sat̚˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [sak̚˦˧˥]
* (Saigon) IPA: [sak̚˦˥]

### Verb

xắt
* (Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) to slice
    Synonym: thái
# biezos
## Latvian
### Adjective

biezos
* locative plural masculine of biezs

### Adjective

biezos
* accusative plural masculine of biezais
# ehkä
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ehkä (compare Estonian ehk, Ingrian ehkä, Karelian ehki, Livonian agā, Livvi ehki, Votic ehtši; see for further etymology).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈehkæ/, [ˈe̞hk̟æ]
* Rhymes: -ehkæ
* Hyphenation: eh‧kä

### Adverb

ehkä
* perhaps, maybe

#### Usage notes
### Conjunction

ehkä (archaic)
* although, though
    Synonym: vaikka

#### Derived terms

* ehkäistä

### Further reading

* “ehkä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* kehä, ähke

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ehkä. Cognates with Finnish ehkä and Estonian ehk.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈehkæ/, [ˈe̞xk]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈehkæ/, [ˈe̞xkæ]
* Rhymes: -ehk, -ehkæ
* Hyphenation: eh‧kä

### Adverb

ehkä
* Synonym of ehki

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 28
# αντίθετος
## Greek
### Adjective

αντίθετος • (antíthetos) m (feminine αντίθετη, neuter αντίθετο)
* opposite, contrary, backward
    αντίθετο φύλο ― antítheto fýlo ― opposite sex

#### Declension

Derivations: Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο αντίθετος, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο αντίθετος, etc.)

#### Synonyms

* αντικρινός m (antikrinós, “opposite”, adj, noun)
* (abbreviation) αντ. (ant.)

#### Related terms

* αντίθεση f (antíthesi, “contrast”)
* αντίθετα (antítheta, “on the contrary”, adverb)
* αντιθετικός (antithetikós, “contrasting”, adjective)

#### See also

* απέναντι (apénanti, “opposite”, adv, prep)
# Hohenstein
## English
### Proper noun

Hohenstein (plural Hohensteins)
* A surname.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Hohenstein is the 23283rd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 1094 individuals. Hohenstein is most common among White (95.89%) individuals.

## German
### Alternative forms

* Höhenstein

### Etymology

By surface analysis, hoch +‎ -en- +‎ Stein.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhoːənˌʃtaɪ̯n]
* Hyphenation: Ho‧hen‧stein

### Proper noun

der Hohenstein m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Hohensteins or des Hohensteines)
* Any of a number of mountains in Germany, Austria and Namibia

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Related terms

* Arnstein, Bergstein, Felsenstein, Rabenstein

### Proper noun

Hohenstein n (proper noun, genitive Hohensteins or (optionally with an article) Hohenstein)
* A municipality of Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis district, Hesse, Germany
* Any of a number of municipalities and smaller places in Germany, Austria and other European countries.
* Any of a number of castles in Germany, Austria and other European countries..

#### Declension

$^1$Optionally with an article.

#### Derived terms

* Hohensteiner
** Hohensteinerin

#### Related terms

* Hohenberg, Hohenfels, Hohenborn
* Bergstein, Gutenstein, Königstein, Reichenstein, Rabenstein

### Proper noun

Hohenstein m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Hohensteins or (with an article) Hohenstein, feminine genitive Hohenstein, plural Hohensteins)
* a surname

#### Declension

$^1$With an article.

#### Related terms

* Hohenberg, Hohenbrunner, Gutkind, Gutknecht
* Bergstein, Einstein, Rheinstein, Weinstein
# Druidum
## Latin
### Proper noun

Druidum m pl
* genitive of Druidēs
# uździeńnica
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /uʑ.d͡ʑɛɲˈɲi.t͡sa/

### Noun

uździeńnica f
* (Kielce) Alternative form of uździenica

### Further reading

* Jan Łoś (1886) “uźdźeńnica”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 189
# նորոգել
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian նորոգեմ (norogem).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /noɾoˈkʰel/, [noɾokʰél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /noɾoˈkel/, [noɾokʰél]

### Verb

նորոգել • (norogel)
* (transitive) to repair, to mend
* (transitive) to put in a better condition; to regenerate, to reform

#### Inflection

*colloquial **dated
*colloquial **dated
# гүрур
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

гүрур (definite accusative гүруру, plural гүрурлар)
* Cyrillic spelling of qürur (“pride, arrogance”)
# biezā
## Latvian
### Adjective

biezā
* locative singular masculine/feminine of biezs

### Adjective

biezā
* inflection of briezais:
** genitive singular masculine
** nominative/vocative singular feminine
# de knuppel in het hoenderhok gooien
## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* een knuppel in het hoenderhok gooien

### Etymology

Literally, “to throw the club into the chicken coop”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /də knʏpəl ɪn ɦət ɦundərɦɔk xoːi̯ə(n)/

### Verb

de knuppel in het hoenderhok gooien
* (idiomatic, intransitive) to put the cat among the pigeons
# hanger and flogger
## English
### Alternative forms

* a hanger and a flogger

### Noun

hanger and flogger (plural hangers and floggers)
* (UK politics, derogatory) A person who is in favor of severe criminal penalties, especially capital punishment or corporal punishment.
** 1994 April 25, Joan Seccombe, Baroness Seccombe, “Criminal Justice And Public Order Bill”, in parliamentary debates (House of Lords)‎, column 487:I am certainly not a hanger and flogger and I hate the occasions when we have to deprive someone of their liberty, but sometimes that has to be done.
** 2001 August 30, Nicholas Watt, “Clarke dismisses Tory rival as a 'hanger and flogger'”, in The Guardian:Kenneth Clarke yesterday intensified his assault on Iain Duncan Smith when he dismissed his rival for the Tory leadership as a rightwing "hanger and flogger".
** 2019, Louis Theroux, Gotta Get Theroux This: My Life and Strange Times in Television, Pan Macmillan:Later, as shadow home secretary, with her devout Catholicism informing her political positions, she [Ann Widdecombe] had opposed gay marriage, opposed the equalization of the age of consent for men, opposed abortion, but hadn't opposed the death penalty – a hanger and a flogger, she wanted that brought back.
# cultirostral
## English

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!

### Etymology

From Latin culter (“knife”) + rōstrum (“beak”).

### Adjective

cultirostral (comparative more cultirostral, superlative most cultirostral)
* (zoology, archaic) Having a bill shaped like the colter of a plough, or like a knife, as in the heron, stork, etc.

#### Related terms

* rostral
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing. (See the entry for “cultirostral”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)
# հարցաքննություն
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian հարցաքննութիւն (harcʻakʻnnutʻiwn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /hɑɾt͡sʰɑkʰənnuˈtʰjun/, [hɑɾt͡sʰɑkʰənːut͡sʰjún]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /hɑɾt͡sɑkənnuˈtʏn/, [hɑɾt͡sʰɑkʰənːutʰʏ́n]

### Noun

հարցաքննություն • (harcʻakʻnnutʻyun)
* interrogation, questioning
    Synonym: հարցաքննում (harcʻakʻnnum)

#### Declension

*colloquial **dated

#### Alternative forms

* հարցաքննութիւն (harcʻakʻnnutʻiwn) — traditional orthography
# ишыг
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

ишыг (definite accusative ишыгны, plural ишыглар)
* Cyrillic spelling of işıq (“light”)
# biezās
## Latvian
### Adjective

biezās
* locative plural feminine of biezs

### Adjective

biezās
* inflection of biezais:
** genitive singular feminine
** nominative/vocative/accusative plural feminine
# כּלל
## Yiddish
### Etymology

From Hebrew כְּלָל (k'lal).

### Noun

כּלל • (klal) m, plural כּללים (klolim)
* rule, standard, precept

#### Derived terms

* בכלל (beklal, “in general”)
* הכּלל (haklal, “in short”)
* כּלל־ (klal-, “standard, communal”)
* כּלליש (klalish, “standard”, adjective)

### References

* Steven A. Jacobson (1998) A Guide to the More Common Hebraic Words in Yiddish, 5th edition, Fairbanks, AK: National Yiddish Book Center, →ISBN, page 54
# rellestää
## Finnish
### Etymology

Of sound-symbolic origin. Compare rällätä.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrelːestæːˣ/, [ˈre̞lːe̞s̠tæː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -elːestæː
* Hyphenation: rel‧les‧tää

### Verb

rellestää
* (intransitive) to revel, be rowdy
    Synonym: rällätä

#### Derived terms

* mellestää
* rellestys
* rellestäjä
* rellestäminen

### References

* ↑ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “rellestää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# ear shell
## English
### Alternative forms

* ear-shell

### Noun

ear shell (plural ear shells)
* An abalone or its shell.

#### Translations
### References

* “ear shell”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
# koyak
## English
### Etymology

From Malay koyak.

### Adjective

koyak (comparative more koyak, superlative most koyak)
* (Singlish) spoilt, damaged

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay koyak. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkojaʔ]
* Hyphenation: ko‧yak

### Adjective

koyak
* torn
    Synonyms: cabik, robek, sobek

#### Derived terms

* dikoyak
* koyak-koyak
* mengoyak
* mengoyak-ngoyak
* mengoyak-ngoyakkan
* pengoyak
* terkoyak
* koyak moyak

### Further reading

* “koyak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
The sense of "butthurt" was popularised in 2021 after an exchange in Twitter between Malaysian pro-Palestine activists and an Israeli government official.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ko.jaʔ/
* Rhymes: -ojaʔ, -jaʔ, -aʔ
* Hyphenation: ko‧yak
* Audio (Malaysia):(file)

### Verb

koyak (Jawi spelling کويق)
* to tear
* (Kelantan) to peel fruit

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* kekoyakan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
* koyak-koyak [reduplication] (redup)
* mengoyak [agent focus] (meN-)
* mengoyak-mengoyak [agent focus + reduplication] (meN- + redup)
* mengoyakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* mengoyak-mengoyakkan [agent focus + reduplication + causative benefactive] (meN- + redup + -kan)
* terkoyak [agentless action] (teR-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* koyak rabak

### Adjective

koyak (Jawi spelling کويق)
* Being in the state of torn apart
* frustrated
* (slang) disappointed or angry with oneself; butthurt, triggered
    Synonym: tersinggung

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: koyak
* → English: koyak

### Further reading

* “koyak” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
* The Word ‘Koyak’ Is Now Part Of Urban Dictionary, World of Buzz
* Perkataan ‘koyak’ masuk Urban Dictionary, Kosmo
# հրկիզում
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian հրկիզումն (hrkizumn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /həɾkiˈzum/, [həɾkizúm]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /həɾɡiˈzum/, [həɾɡizúm]

### Noun

հրկիզում • (hrkizum)
* arson, burning

#### Declension

*the singular locative is seldom used
# атланмаг
## Azerbaijani
### Verb

атланмаг
* Cyrillic spelling of atlanmaq (“to jump”)
# bijušās
## Latvian
### Participle

bijušās
* locative plural feminine of bijis

### Participle

bijušās
* inflection of bijušais:
** genitive singular feminine
** nominative/vocative/accusative plural feminine
# es ernst meinen
## German
### Alternative forms

* es ernstmeinen (superseded)

### Verb

es ernst meinen (weak, third-person singular present meint es ernst, past tense meinte es ernst, past participle es ernst gemeint, auxiliary haben)
* (impersonal) to mean business, to mean it, to be serious
* (impersonal) to be serious about something [with mit dative ‘something’]

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Related terms

* allen Ernstes
* Ernst machen
* ernst nehmen
* im Ernst

### Further reading

* “ernst meinen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “es ernst meinen” in Duden online
* “es ernst meinen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “es ernst meinen” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
* “ernst meinen” in OpenThesaurus.de
# злоумышленник
## Russian
### Etymology

зло (zlo) +‎ -о- (-o-) +‎ умы́шлен(ный) (umýšlen(nyj)) +‎ -ник (-nik)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zɫəʊˈmɨʂlʲɪnʲ(ː)ɪk]

### Noun

злоумы́шленник • (zloumýšlennik) m anim (genitive злоумы́шленника, nominative plural злоумы́шленники, genitive plural злоумы́шленников, feminine злоумы́шленница)
* malefactor, plotter, evildoer

#### Related terms

* злоумы́шленный (zloumýšlennyj)
* злоумышля́ть impf (zloumyšljátʹ), злоумы́слить pf (zloumýslitʹ)
# हॉस्टल
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* हॉस्टेल (hŏsṭel), होस्टल (hosṭal), हास्टल (hāsṭal)

### Etymology

Borrowed from English hostel.

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɦɔs.ʈəl/, [ɦɔs.ʈɐl]

### Noun

हॉस्टल • (hŏsṭal) m
* hostel, dormitory (place of accommodation for students)
    Synonym: छात्रावास (chātrāvās)
# città
## Italian
### Alternative forms

* cittade (archaic), Civita (toponym)

### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin cīvitātem (“city”). Doublet of city.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃitˈta/$^*$
* Audio (una città):(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Hyphenation: cit‧tà

### Noun

città f (invariable)
* town, city
    Synonyms: abitato, capoluogo, centro, metropoli
    Antonym: campagna

#### Derived terms

* Città del Vaticano
* città santa
* città stato
* cittadella
* cittadinanza
* cittadino

#### Related terms

* civile
* civico

#### Descendants

* → Sardinian: tzitade
* → Slavomolisano: čita

#### See also

* capitale
* megalopoli
* urbe
* urbano
# կամավորական
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* կամաւորական (kamaworakan) — traditional orthography

### Etymology

From Old Armenian կամաւորական (kamaworakan). Equivalent to կամավոր (kamavor) +‎ -ական (-akan).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kɑmɑvoɾɑˈkɑn/, [kɑmɑvoɾɑkɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɡɑmɑvoɾɑˈɡɑn/, [ɡɑmɑvoɾɑɡɑ́n]

### Adjective

կամավորական • (kamavorakan) (superlative ամենակամավորական)
* voluntary; volunteer

#### Declension
### Noun

կամավորական • (kamavorakan)
* volunteer
# онун
## Azerbaijani
### Adjective

онун (comparative даһа онун, superlative ән онун)
* Cyrillic spelling of onun
# pangkal
## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* mangkal

### Etymology

From Malay pangkal.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈpaŋkal/ [ˈpaŋ.kal]
* Rhymes: -aŋkal
* Syllabification: pang‧kal

### Noun

pangkal (uncountable)
* base
    Synonym: pokok
* (linguistics) stem (The main part of an uninflected word to which affixes may be added to form inflections of the word)
* origin, source
    Synonym: asal
* beginning
    Synonyms: awal, permulaan
* main cause
    Synonym: sebab utama
* capital: money and wealth; the means to acquire goods and services, especially in a non-barter system.
    Synonyms: kapital, modal

#### Derived terms

* berpangkal
* berpangkalan
* memangkal
* memangkalkan
* pangkalan
* pangkal bahu
* pangkal bala
* pangkal bedil
* pangkal cerita
* pangkal ekor
* pangkal hidung
* pangkal kaki
* pangkal kata
* pangkal kerongkongan
* pangkal lengan
* pangkal lidah
* pangkal mata
* pangkal nama
* pangkal paha
* pangkal pedang
* pangkal rumah
* pangkal tahun
* pangkal tekak
* pangkal telinga
* pangkal tunggal

### Further reading

* “pangkal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Noun

pangkal (Jawi spelling ڤڠکل, plural pangkal-pangkal, informal 1st possessive pangkalku, 2nd possessive pangkalmu, 3rd possessive pangkalnya)
* base (of a tree, bodily part, etc)
* handle (of a firearm)
* beginning

#### Synonyms

* awal
* permulaan

#### Antonyms

* hujung

#### Derived terms

* pangkalan

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: pangkal

### Further reading

* “pangkal” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# thinnunga
## Old Dutch
### Etymology

Unclear, possibly from *thunni (“thin”) +‎ wanga (“cheek, jaw”) or else from *thunni (“thin”) +‎ -unga.

### Noun

thinnunga f
* temple, side of the head

#### References

* “thinnunga”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012