# antes
## English
### Noun

antes
* plural of ante

### Verb

antes
* third-person singular simple present indicative of ante

### Anagrams

* Teans, Tenas, etnas, nates, neats, netas, senat, stane, stean

## Asturian
### Alternative forms

* antia (Parres, Sobrescobiu), anties (Casu), antias (Palacios del Sil, Eo-Navia)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈantes/ [ˈãn̪.t̪es]
* Rhymes: -antes
* Syllabification: an‧tes

### Adverb

antes
* before, beforehand (in a remote time, while enantes is a recent past)
    Antonym: dempués

#### Related terms

* enantes

## French
### Noun

antes f
* plural of ante

## Galician
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese antes, from ante with the adverbial -s, the former from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈantes/ [ˈan̪.t̪es̺]
* Rhymes: -antes
* Hyphenation: an‧tes

### Adverb

antes
* before, prior to
    Antonym: despois

#### Related terms

* ante

### Noun

antes
* plural of ante

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “Ante II”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 277

## Ladino
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish antes, from ante with the adverbial -s, the former from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Paris):(file)

### Adverb

antes (Hebrew spelling אנטיס)
* earlier; before; sooner; previously; formerly; beforehand (at an earlier time) [ca. 1510]
** 1982, Annual‎, volumes 17–18, page 128:Avras de saver ke ize la conosensia con el vekil de la caza ke apartenia a Rafael Aftalion, un rikinyon de Vidin, ke murio antes tres anyos.You shall have to know that the knowledge helped with the representative of the house belonging to Rafael Aftalion, a gentleman from Vidin, who died three years earlier.
** 2006, Matilda Koén-Sarano, Por el plazer de kontar‎, page 434:"A!" le dishi, "Oy no es un día mazalozo… Poko antes me se rompió el mango de la chanta…"‘Gah!’ somebody said to another, ‘Today is not a lucky day… A little earlier my suitcase handle broke.’

#### Derived terms

* antes de

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “Ante II”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 277
* ↑ “antes”, in Trezoro de la Lengua Djudeoespanyola.
* ↑ Dov Cohen and Ora (Rodrigue) Schwarzwald (2019 June 19) “Coṃpendio delas šeḥiṭót (Constantinople ca. 1510): The First Judeo-Spanish Printed Publication”, in Journal of Jewish Languages, volume 7, number 1, Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV, →DOI, →ISSN, page 50

## Latin
### Etymology

Uncertain. Pokorny suggests a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“front, front side”), like the cognate Latin ante (“before; in front”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈan.teːs/, [ˈän̪t̪eːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈan.tes/, [ˈän̪t̪es]

### Noun

antēs m pl (genitive antium); third declension
* rows of vines, of plants or of soldiers

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem), plural only.

### References

* “antes”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* antes in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “anti”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 48-49

### Anagrams

* tensa

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Adverb

antes
* Alternative form of ante
** 1450, Gomes Eanes de Zurara, “Como o Autor falla nas grandes diuisoẽs que atuia antre os mouros da cidade, e das cousas q̃ acontecerom no outro anno passado” (chapter Lviij), in Cronica de tomada da Cidade de Cepta por Elrey dom Joaõ o primº, pages 123v–124r:[…] mas aquelle / Almocadem nunqua falou palaura, antes meteo as maos de sob sua aljuba, que trazia, e a contenenca m̃ triste, e os olhos, baixos contra a aterra sospirando muito amiude se leixou estar acerqua de duas horas, sem nunca dar nehuã reposta a cousa que lhe preguntassem.But that Almocadem never said a word; earlier he put his hands beneath his jubbah, which he was bringing, and he has a very sad appearance: the eyes [looking] down on the earth; sighing very often; around two hours he ceased standing, without ever giving any response to whatever they asked him.

#### Descendants

* Galician: antes
* Portuguese: antes

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “antes”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

## Old Spanish
### Adverb

antes
* Alternative form of ante
** c. 1275, Alfonso X, General Estoria Primera parte, (ed. by Pedro Sánchez Prieto-Borja, 2002, Alcalá de Henares: Universidad de Alcalá de Henares):E en aquel departimiento que fue fecho de los lenguages, assí como fue la gente sacada del lenguaje que antes avié, assí estidieron todos como en punto o en somo de seer sacados todos de los sentidos que antes avién, e assí como de nuevo les vinieron los sesos e los sentidos que después ovieron, […] (On the Tower of Babel) Then, in that split of languages, in the same way the people were robbed of the one language they had, so were all almost robbed of all their senses, and once their mind and senses came again to them, […]

#### Descendants

* Ladino: antes, אנטיס
* Spanish: antes

### References

* Ralph Steele Boggs et al. (1946) “antes”, in Tentative Dictionary of Medieval Spanish, volume I, Chapel Hill, page 39

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

Derived from Spanish antes and Portuguese antes and Kabuverdianu antis.

### Adverb

antes
* earlier
* before (at an earlier time)
* formerly

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɐ̃.t͡ʃis/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɐ̃.t͡ʃis/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈɐ̃.t͡ʃiʃ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈɐ̃.tes/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɐ̃.tɨʃ/
* (Caipira) IPA: /ˈɐ̃.tis/, /ɐ̃t͡s/
* Hyphenation: an‧tes

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese antes, from ante with the adverbial -s, the former from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti.

#### Alternative forms

* ante (obsolete)

#### Adverb

antes (not comparable)
* before (at an earlier time)
    Antonym: depois
* in the past; previously
    Synonyms: anteriormente, antigamente
    Antonym: futuramente
* preferably, better, rather
    Synonyms: melhor, preferivelmente
    Antes só do que mal acompanhado.Better alone than in bad company.

##### Derived terms

* antes que
* antes tarde do que nunca
* o quanto antes
* quanto antes

##### Related terms

* ante-

#### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “Ante II”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 277

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

antes m pl (plural only)
* (historical) Antes (Slavic tribe from the lower Danube in the early Middle Ages)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈantes/ [ˈãn̪.t̪es]
* Audio (Peru):(file)
* Audio (Chile):(file)
* Rhymes: -antes
* Syllabification: an‧tes

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Spanish antes, from ante with the adverbial -s, the former from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti.

#### Adverb

antes
* earlier; before; sooner; previously; formerly; beforehand (at an earlier time)
    Synonyms: anteriormente, previamente, a priori
    Antonyms: después, luego, posteriormente, a posteriori
    poco antes ― shortly before
    Nos conocimos antes, ¿te acuerdas?We met before, remember?
    La embajadora llegó antes de lo esperado.The ambassador arrived sooner than expected
* soon (in certain phrases)
    Quería que lo supieras cuanto antes.I wanted to let you know as soon as possible.
    Ven a mi casa lo antes posible.Come over to my place as soon as possible.
* ahead (temporally), ahead of (when followed by de)
    Bueno, si solo hubieras llamado antes como te dije, ni siquiera estaríamos en esta situación.Well, if you had just called ahead like I told you to, we wouldn't even be in this situation.
* once, formerly (in the past)
    Synonyms: antiguamente, antaño
    Antes todos tenían buscapersonas.Everyone used to have pagers.
* first (before a condition is fulfilled)
* rather, sooner (used to specify a preference)
    Antes morir que perder.I'd rather die than lose.

#### Preposition

antes de
* before (earlier than) (triggers the subjunctive in subordinate clauses)
    Antonym: después
    antes de 1910 ― before 1910
    antes de que pudiera responder ― before I could reply
    Antes de ver el documental, no sabíamos nada del tema.Before watching the documentary, we didn't know anything about the issue.

##### Derived terms

* antes bien
* antes de anoche
* antes de ayer
* antes de Cristo (“before Christ”)
* antes de darte cuenta, antes que te des cuenta (“before you know it”)
* antes de nada
* antes de tiempo
* antes de tiempo (“ahead of time”)
* antes del anochecer (“before nightfall”)
* antes del día
* antes hoy que mañana
* antes mártir que confesor
* antes no
* antes o después (“sooner or later; before or after”)
* antes que nada
* antes quebrar que doblar
* antes se coge al mentiroso que al cojo
* antes y con antes
* antes y después
* cuanto antes
* de antes
* desde antes (“since before”)
* justo antes de (“just before, right before, just prior, immediately before, immediately prior, just ahead of”)
* lo antes posible

##### Related terms

* anciano
* ante

##### Descendants

* → Zoogocho Zapotec: antzle

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

antes m pl
* plural of ante

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “Ante II”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 277

### Further reading

* “antes”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* satén