OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# تماشا
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

تماشا
* Arabic spelling of təmaşa

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian تماشا (tamâšâ).

### Noun

تماشا • (temaşa)
* promenade
* spectacle

#### Related terms

* تماشی (temaşi)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: temaşa

## Persian
### Etymology

From earlier تماشی (tamâši, “walking together, walking with someone”), from Arabic تَمَاشٍ (tamāšin), verbal noun of تَمَاشَى (tamāšā).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ta.mɑː.ʃɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.mɑː.ʃɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.mɑː.ʃɑː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰä.mɑː.ʃɑː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰä.mɔː.ʃɔː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæ.mɒː.ʃɒː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.mɔ.ʃɔ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

| Dari | تماشا |
| Iranian Persian | تماشا |
| Tajik | тамошо |
تماشا • (tamâšâ)
* (archaic) promenade, walking outside for recreation
* sight, seeing, beholding, watching, looking at something entertaining (e.g. a show or a play, whether comic or tragic)
* an entertainment, show, spectacle, theatrical representation
* sport, amusement, pleasure
* interest
* any interesting object

#### Derived terms

* تماشا کردن (tamâšâ kardan)
* تماشائی (tamâšâ'i)
* تماشاخانه (tamâšâxâne)
* تماشاگر (tamâšâgar)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: թամաշա (tʻamaša)
* → Azerbaijani: təmaşa, tamaşa
* → Bengali: তামাশা (tamaśa)
* → Bashkir: тамаша (tamaşa)
* → Georgian: თამაში (tamaši)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: तमाशा (tamāśā)
*   * → English: tamasha
*   * → Mauritian Creole: tamasa
    Urdu: تَمَاشَہ (tamāśa)
* → Indonesian: tamasya
* → Kazakh: тамаша (tamaşa)
* → Kyrgyz: тамаша (tamaşa)
* → Marathi: तमाशा (tamāśā)
* → Ottoman Turkish: تماشا (temaşa)
** Turkish: temaşa
* → Pashto: تماشا
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਤਮਾਸ਼ਾ (tamāśā)
    Shahmukhi script: تماشہ (tamāśā)
* → Sindhi: تماشو
* → Swahili: tamasha
* → Tatar: тамаша (tamaşa)
* → Turkmen: tomaşa
* → Uyghur: تاماشا (tamasha)
* → Uzbek: tamosho, tomosha

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “تماشا”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
# վարչական
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian վարչական (varčʻakan).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /vɑɾt͡ʃʰɑˈkɑn/, [vɑɾt͡ʃʰɑkɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /vɑɾt͡ʃɑˈɡɑn/, [vɑɾt͡ʃʰɑɡɑ́n]

### Adjective

վարչական • (varčʻakan)
* administrative
# bigan
## Japanese
### Romanization

bigan
* Rōmaji transcription of びがん

## Old Dutch
### Etymology

From bi- +‎ gān.

### Verb

bigān
* to do, to carry out
* to hold, to celebrate

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Descendants

* Middle Dutch: begâen
** Dutch: begaan

#### Further reading

* “bigān”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbiː.jɑn/

### Verb

bīġan
* Alternative form of bīeġan

#### Conjugation
## Old Saxon
### Verb

bigan
* Alternative form of bigangan

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈbɪɡan/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈbiːɡan/, /ˈbɪɡan/

### Verb

bigan
* Soft mutation of pigan.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# baltkrieviskākā
## Latvian
### Adjective

baltkrieviskākā
* locative singular masculine/feminine of baltkrieviskāks

### Adjective

baltkrieviskākā
* inflection of baltkrieviskākais:
** genitive singular masculine
** nominative/vocative singular feminine
# ôrcyk
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ˈwɔr.t͡sɘk/

### Noun

ôrcyk m inan
* (Kielce) Alternative form of orczyk (“chaise bar”)

### Further reading

* Jan Łoś (1886) “ᵘorcyk”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 186
# αεροβατώ
## Greek
### Verb

αεροβατώ • (aerovató) (imperfect αεροβατούσα) found only in the present and imperfect tenses
* to daydream, have one's head in the clouds, build castles in the air

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* αεροβάμων (aerovámon, “daydreaming”, adjective)
* αεροβασία f (aerovasía, “daydream”)
* αεροβάτης m (aerovátis, “daydreamer”)
# foreign country
## English
### Noun

foreign country (plural foreign countries)
* Any country of which one is not a citizen. (This entry is a translation hub.)

#### Translations
### See also

* foreign language
# radiotag
## English
### Verb

radiotag (third-person singular simple present radiotags, present participle radiotagging, simple past and past participle radiotagged)
* Alternative form of radio-tag

### Noun

radiotag (plural radiotags)
* Alternative form of radio tag
# شاعره
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

شاعره
* Arabic spelling of şairə

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَاعِرَة (šāʕira). By surface analysis, شاعر (şâir) +‎ ـه (-e).

### Noun

شاعره • (şâire)
* poetess

#### Descendants

* Turkish: şaire

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَاعِرَة (šāʕira). By surface analysis, شاعر (šâ'er) +‎ ـه (-e).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃɑː.ʔi.ˈɾa]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑː.ʔɪ.ɾǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑː.ʔɪ.ɾǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃɑː.jɪ.ɾǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃɔː.ji.ɾǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃɒː.ʔe.ɹé]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃɔ.ʔi.ɾǽ]

### Noun

| Dari | شاعره |
| Iranian Persian | شاعره |
| Tajik | шоира |
شاعره • (šâ'ere)
* poetess

#### Descendants

* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: शायरा (śāyrā)
    Urdu: شَاعِرَہ (śā'ira)
# առաջարկել
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian առաջարկեմ (aṙaǰarkem).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑrɑt͡ʃʰɑɾˈkel/, [ɑrɑt͡ʃʰɑɾkél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑɾɑt͡ʃɑɾˈɡel/, [ɑɾɑt͡ʃʰɑɾɡél]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Verb

առաջարկել • (aṙaǰarkel)
* (transitive) to offer, propose, suggest

#### Inflection

*colloquial **dated
*colloquial **dated
# myrmomancy
## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek μύρμηξ (múrmēx, “ants”) +‎ -mancy.

### Noun

myrmomancy (uncountable)
* Divination by interpreting the appearance and behaviour of ants, especially their eating habits. A type of augury.
# baltkrieviskās
## Latvian
### Adjective

baltkrieviskās
* locative plural feminine of baltkrievisks

### Adjective

baltkrieviskās
* inflection of baltkrieviskais:
** genitive singular feminine
** nominative/vocative/accusative plural feminine
# Spaß machen
## German
### Verb

Spaß machen (weak, third-person singular present macht Spaß, past tense machte Spaß, past participle Spaß gemacht, auxiliary haben)
* (intransitive) to be fun, to be enjoyable
    Das Videospiel hat Spaß gemacht. ― The video game was fun.
    Lesen macht mir Spaß. ― I enjoy reading.
* (intransitive) to make a joke, to be joking, to be kidding
    Ich mach doch nur Spaß. ― I was just joking.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

### Further reading

* “Spaß machen” in Duden online
* “Spaß” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Spaß machen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
# кликати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *klikati.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɫɪkɐte]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

кли́кати • (klýkaty) impf (perfective покли́кати)
* to call

#### Derived terms

* кли́кання n (klýkannja)
* клич m (klyč)
* виклика́ти impf (vyklykáty), ви́кликати pf (výklykaty)
* заклика́ти impf (zaklykáty), закли́кати pf (zaklýkaty)
* наклика́ти impf (naklykáty), накли́кати pf (naklýkaty)
* склика́ти impf (sklykáty), скли́кати pf (sklýkaty)

### References

* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “кликати”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 460
   * Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2016), “кликати”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 7 (кварта́л – кя́хтинський), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
   * “кликати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кликати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “кликати”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “кликати”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “кликати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “кликати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# klajt
## Old Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈkɫajt/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈklajt/

### Noun

klajt m inan
* Alternative form of glajt

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “klajt”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# مبتدی
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

مبتدی
* Arabic spelling of mübtədi

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Arabic مُبْتَدِئ (mubtadiʔ).

### Noun

مبتدی • (mübtedi) (plural مبتدیان or مبتدیلر)
* a beginner, novice

#### Related terms

* مبتدا (mübteda)

### Further reading

* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مبتدی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1669

## Persian
### Etymology

From Arabic مُبْتَدِئ (mubtadiʔ).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [muβ.ta.ˈðiː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mʊb.t̪ʰä.d̪íː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mʊb.t̪ʰä.d̪íː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mʊb.t̪ʰä.d̪íː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mub.t̪ʰä.d̪í]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mob.t̪ʰæ.d̪íː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mub.t̪ʰä.d̪í]

### Noun

مبتدی • (mobtadi) (plural مبتدی‌ها (mobtadi-hâ) or مبتدیان (mobtadiân))
* beginner (someone who just recently started)
    Synonyms: تازه‌کار (tâze-kâr), نوآموز (now-âmuz)
# ինքնասպան
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian ինքնսպան (inkʻnspan). Equivalent to ինքն (inkʻn) +‎ -ա- (-a-) +‎ սպանել (spanel).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /inkʰnɑsˈpɑn/, [iŋkʰnɑspɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /inknɑsˈbɑn/, [iŋkʰnɑspɑ́n]

### Noun

ինքնասպան • (inkʻnaspan)
* suicide (person who has killed themselves)
    ինքնասպան լինել ― inkʻnaspan linel ― to commit suicide

#### Derived terms

* ինքնասպանություն (inkʻnaspanutʻyun)

#### See also

* մարդասպան (mardaspan)

#### Further reading

* Malxaseancʻ, Stepʻan (1944–1945) “ինքնասպան”, in Hayerēn bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Armenian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: State Publishing House
# allatrate
## English
### Etymology

Derived from Latin allātrō.

### Verb

allatrate (third-person singular simple present allatrates, present participle allatrating, simple past and past participle allatrated)
* (rare) To bark.

## Latin
### Verb

allātrāte
* second-person plural present active imperative of allātrō
# bangladešiešu
## Latvian
### Noun

bangladešiešu m
* genitive plural of bangladešietis

### Noun

bangladešiešu f
* genitive plural of bangladešiete
# panika bankowa
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “bank panic”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈɲi.ka baŋˈkɔ.va/
* Syllabification: pa‧ni‧ka ban‧ko‧wa

### Noun

panika bankowa f
* bank run (an event where many depositors of one or more banks withdraw money from their bank accounts within a short time, causing the banks concerned to become unstable)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* panika bankowa in PWN's encyclopedia
# простирати
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From про̀стрије̄ти / про̀стре̄ти.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /prǒstirati/
* Hyphenation: про‧сти‧ра‧ти

### Verb

про̀стирати impf (Latin spelling pròstirati)
* imperfective form of про̀стрије̄ти
* imperfective form of про̀стре̄ти

#### Conjugation
### References

* “простирати”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian простирати (prostirati), from Old East Slavic *простирати (*prostirati), from Proto-Slavic *prostirati.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prɔsteˈrate]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

простира́ти • (prostyráty) impf (perfective просте́рти) (transitive)
* to stretch out, to stick out, to extend (one's hand(s))
    Synonyms: простяга́ти (prostjaháty), простя́гувати (prostjáhuvaty), протяга́ти (protjaháty), протя́гувати (protjáhuvaty), витяга́ти (vytjaháty), витя́гувати (vytjáhuvaty), випро́стувати (vypróstuvaty), випросто́вувати (vyprostóvuvaty)
* to spread, to spread out (limbs, individual rays, etc.)
    Synonyms: розправля́ти (rozpravljáty), розво́дити (rozvódyty), розпуска́ти (rozpuskáty), розкида́ти (rozkydáty), розставля́ти (rozstavljáty), розкаря́чувати (rozkarjáčuvaty)
* (rare) to spread, to expand (to make (something) widely known or present)
    Synonyms: поши́рювати (pošýrjuvaty), ши́рити (šýryty)
* (rare) to spread, to spread out (to stretch out, open out (a material etc.) so that it more fully covers a given area of space)
    Synonyms: стели́ти (stelýty), сла́ти (sláty), розстила́ти (rozstyláty), розсте́лювати (rozstéljuvaty)

#### Derived terms

* простира́ло n (prostyrálo)
* простира́ння n (prostyránnja)
* простира́тися impf (prostyrátysja)
* розпростира́ти impf (rozprostyráty), розпросте́рти pf (rozprostérty)
* розпростира́тися impf (rozprostyrátysja), розпросте́ртися pf (rozprostértysja)

#### Related terms

* простира́дло n (prostyrádlo)
* про́стір m (próstir)
* сторона́ f (storoná)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “простирати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “простирати”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “простирати”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “простирати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “простирати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “простирати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# մենդելևիում
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* մենդելեևիում (mendeleewium)

### Etymology

From New Latin mendelevium, but taking into account the Armenian spelling of Մենդելեև (Mendeleew, “Mendeleev”).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /mendeleˈvjum/, [mendelevjúm]

### Noun

մենդելևիում • (mendelewium)
* mendelevium
# radio tag
## English
### Alternative forms

* radio-tag

### Noun

radio tag (plural radio tags)
* A small radio transmitter attached to an object (especially to an animal) in order to track its location.

#### Related terms

* radio-tagged
* radio tagging
# موبتلا
## Azerbaijani
### Alternative forms

* مبتلا

### Adjective

موبتلا
* Arabic spelling of mübtəla
# մահապարտ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian մահապարտ (mahapart).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /mɑhɑˈpɑɾt/, [mɑhɑpɑ́ɾt]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /mɑhɑˈbɑɾd/, [mɑhɑbɑ́ɾd]

### Adjective

մահապարտ • (mahapart) (superlative ամենամահապարտ)
* condemned to death

#### Declension
### Noun

մահապարտ • (mahapart)
* person condemned to death
* one who carries out a suicide attack, kamikaze, suicide bomber

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

մահ (mah) +‎ -ա- (-a-) +‎ պարտիմ (partim)

### Adjective

մահապարտ • (mahapart)
* condemned to death
** 5th century, Agatʻangełos, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ [History of the Armenians] 206:Արդ՝ ելեալ դահճապետն պարծելով՝ չարամահ առնել զնա, եւ ետ հանել զնոսա շղթայիւք ի քաղաքէն ընդ դուռն հարաւոյ, ընդ կողմն պողոտային որ հանէր ի Մեծամօրի կամուրջն, ի տեղին յայն, ուր սովոր էին սպանանել զամենայն մահապարտս, ի ճախճախուտ տեղի մի, մօտ ի պարկէն փոսին որ շուրջ գայր զքաղաքաւն։ Եւ վարեցին չորս չորս ցիցս միում միում ի նոցանէն։Ard, eleal dahčapetn parcelov, čʻaramah aṙnel zna, ew et hanel znosa šłtʻayiwkʻ i kʻałakʻēn ənd duṙn harawoy, ənd kołmn połotayin or hanēr i Mecamōri kamurǰn, i tełin yayn, ur sovor ēin spananel zamenayn mahaparts, i čaxčaxut tełi mi, mōt i parkēn pʻosin or šurǰ gayr zkʻałakʻawn. Ew varecʻin čʻors čʻors cʻicʻs mium mium i nocʻanēn.Translation by Robert W. ThomsonSo the chief-executioner came out boasting that he would put her to a cruel death. He had them taken in chains out of the city by the South Gate, along the road that leads to the Metsamawr bridge, to the place where they were accustomed to execute those condemned to death, a marshy place near the moat which ran round the city. And they brought four stakes for each one of them.

#### Descendants

* Armenian: մահապարտ (mahapart)

### References

* ↑ Thomson, R. W. (1976) Agathangelos, History of the Armenians‎, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pages 212–213

### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “մահապարտ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “մահապարտ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# palkee garees
## English
### Noun

palkee garees
* plural of palkee garee
# кордон
## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɔrdɔn]

### Noun

кордон • (kordon) m
* cordon (troops)
* barricade tape

#### Declension
## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Polish kordon, from French cordon (“cord”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɐrˈdon]

### Noun

кордо́н • (kordón) m inan (genitive кордо́на, nominative plural кордо́ны, genitive plural кордо́нов)
* cordon (troops or guards deployed in a line to encircle or protect an area)
* (colloquial) border, frontier
    за кордо́ном ― za kordónom ― abroad; across the frontier
* (military) outpost, pickets, guards detachment
    Synonym: заста́ва (zastáva)
* ranger station (in a nature preserve)

#### Declension
### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кордон”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Polish kordon, from French cordon (“cord”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɔrˈdɔn]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

кордо́н • (kordón) m inan (genitive кордо́ну, nominative plural кордо́ни, genitive plural кордо́нів)
* border

#### Derived terms

* закордо́н m (zakordón, “foreign countries, abroad”)
* закордо́нний (zakordónnyj)
* прикордо́нний (prykordónnyj)
* прикордо́нник m (prykordónnyk), прикордо́нниця f (prykordónnycja)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кордон”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “кордон”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
# ӟучъёс
## Udmurt
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡ʑut͡ɕˈjos]
* Rhymes: -os
* Hyphenation: ӟучъ‧ёс

### Noun

ӟучъёс • (dźućjos)
* nominative plural of ӟуч (dźuć)
# niggerdom
## English
### Etymology

From nigger +‎ -dom.

### Noun

niggerdom (uncountable)
* (offensive) The collective, realm, sphere, or activity of niggers.
** 1855, Francis Colburn Adams, Our World: Or, The Slaveholder's Daughter‎, Miller, Orton & Mulligan, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 119:It proved to niggerdom what a good nigger could be if he only fear God and obey his master in all things.
** 2004 November 19, Scott Trafton, Egypt Land: Race and Nineteenth-Century American Egyptomania (New Americanists)‎, Duke University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 45:We were assured therefore, by the learned doctors, that the Thebans were not Africans, but a nobler race, and had none of the particularities of niggerdom.
** 2013 April 26, Randall D. Law, Terrorism: A History (Themes in History)‎, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, →OCLC:In the words of the Tuscaloosa (Alabama) Independent Monitor, “The cutting [that is, castration]” of a local black “in [the] presence of crowds of his fellow niggers, has had a salutary influence over the whole of niggerdom hereabout. […] ”
* (offensive) The state of being a nigger.
    Synonyms: niggerhood, niggerness
** 1886, Plain Diogenes Hunt (Pseud.), Property; a Bottom Enquiry Into Its Management in England and in Other Such 'Christian' Countries..., page 269:That is the other side of the shield; is the price the hired nigger pays for his occasional freedom from his niggerdom, It is not in the least material however that we should settle which of the two slaveries is best or worst.
** 1996 February 1, Jules Archer, They Had a Dream: The Civil Rights Struggle from Frederick Douglass...MalcolmX, Penguin, →ISBN:Suddenly feeling his “niggerdom” in a white environment, he determined to live in a black society.

### See also

* niggership
# անհամ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian անհամ (anham). By surface analysis, ան- (an-) +‎ համ (ham).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑnˈhɑm/, [ɑnhɑ́m]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑnˈhɑm/, [ɑnhɑ́m]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Adjective

անհամ • (anham) (superlative ամենաանհամ)
* tasteless
* (figuratively) banal, insipid
# 露宿風餐
## Chinese

| | | to bivouac; to sleep outside; to sleep outdoorsto bivouac; to sleep outside; to sleep outdoors; to spend the night in the open | dining on the wind; hardships of an arduous journey or life in the wild |
| trad. (露宿風餐) | trad. (露宿風餐) | 露宿 | 風餐 |
| simp. (露宿风餐) | simp. (露宿风餐) | 露宿 | 风餐 |
| anagrams | anagrams | 餐風宿露／餐风宿露 風餐露宿／风餐露宿 | 餐風宿露／餐风宿露 風餐露宿／风餐露宿 |

### Etymology

First attested in 1084, in Su Shi's poem:
    露宿風餐六百里，明朝飲馬南江水。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]露宿风餐六百里，明朝饮马南江水。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]From: c. 1084, 蘇軾,《將至筠，先寄遲、適、遠三猶子》Lùsùfēngcān liùbǎi lǐ, míngzhāo yìnmǎ nánjiāng shuǐ. [Pinyin]After braving six hundred li of rough travel and meager meals, tomorrow I will water my horse by the southern river.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lùsùfēngcān
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨˋ ㄙㄨˋ ㄈㄥ ㄘㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lùsùfēngcān
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨˋ ㄙㄨˋ ㄈㄥ ㄘㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lùsùfongcan
*** Wade–Giles: lu$^4$-su$^4$-fêng$^1$-tsʻan$^1$
*** Yale: lù-sù-fēng-tsān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luhsuhfengtsan
*** Palladius: лусуфэнцань (lusufɛncanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰän⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: luH sjuwk pjuwng tshan
Rime :
| Character | 露 | 宿 | 風 | 餐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 心 (16) | 幫 (1) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 屋 (4) | 東 (2) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III | III | I |
| Fanqie | 洛故切 | 息逐切 | 方戎切 | 七安切 |
| Baxter | luH | sjuwk | pjuwng | tshan |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /luo$^H$/ | /sɨuk̚/ | /pɨuŋ/ | /t͡sʰɑn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /luo$^H$/ | /siuk̚/ | /piuŋ/ | /t͡sʰɑn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lo$^H$/ | /siuk̚/ | /piuŋ/ | /t͡sʰɑn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɔ$^H$/ | /suwk̚/ | /puwŋ/ | /t͡sʰan/ |
| Li Rong | /lo$^H$/ | /siuk̚/ | /piuŋ/ | /t͡sʰɑn/ |
| Wang Li | /lu$^H$/ | /sĭuk̚/ | /pĭuŋ/ | /t͡sʰɑn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /luo$^H$/ | /si̯uk̚/ | /pi̯uŋ/ | /t͡sʰɑn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lù | su | fēng | cān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lou$^6$ | suk$^1$ | fung$^1$ | caan$^1$ |

### Idiom

露宿風餐
* (now less common) Synonym of 風餐露宿 / 风餐露宿 (fēngcānlùsù)
# beid
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʲɛdʲ/

### Verb

beid
* (literary, Munster) third-person plural future of bí
    Beid anseo nuair a thiocfair ar ais. ― They will be here when you come back.

#### Usage notes

The standard language uses the analytic form beidh siad.

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Old Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʲeðʲ/

### Verb

beid
* third-person singular present subjunctive absolute of at·tá

### Verb

·beid
* second-person plural present subjunctive conjunct of at·tá

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.