# apis
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈa.pis]

### Noun

apis
* plural of api

## Crimean Tatar
### Noun

apis
* prison

#### Synonyms

* türme

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* apēs

### Etymology

Uncertain. Phonetically impossible is any connection with Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- which gave instead fūcus (“drone”). Traditionally also hypothesized as from Proto-Indo-European *e/a(m)p-i- (“stinging insect; bee”), related to German Imme (“bee; swarm of bees”), Old English imbe and Ancient Greek ἐμπίς (empís, “a stinging or biting insect”). However, this has characteristics of a European substrate word. According to Vennemann's Atlantic substrate theory, the ultimate source may be a Semitic word cognate with Egyptian ꜥfj (“bee”) (though no attested Semitic cognates survive); de Vaan finds this plausible. Another hypothesis suggests an Oscan-Umbrian loan from an original *akuis (“sharp, stinging”) (e.g. Latin aqui- (“sharp”) in aquifolius, aquilinus); the Osco-Umbrian reflex of Proto-Indo-European labiovelar */kʷ/ that gives Latin <qu> is regularly /p/.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈa.pis/, [ˈäpɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈa.pis/, [ˈäːpis]

### Noun

apis f (genitive apis); third declension
* A bee.
** 2 CE, Ovid, The Art of Love 1.95:Aut ut apēs saltūsque suōs et olentia nactae / pāscua per flōrēs et thyma summa volant.Or as the bees, when they have found plants to plunder of their honey, hover hither and thither among the thyme and the flowers.

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

#### Derived terms

* apiāgo
* apian
* apiānus
* apiārium
* apiārius
* apiastra
* apīcius
* apicolus
* apicula
* apium

#### Descendants

* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian:
    Logudorese: abe
    Nuorese: ape
    Campidanese: abi
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Corsican: apa, aba, abba
** Dalmatian: juopa, juop, yuopa, yuop, iuopa, iuop
** Italian: ape
** Neapolitan: apa, lapa
** Sassarese: abi, aba
** Sicilian: lapa
** Venetan: ava
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: âf, âv
** Ladin: eva, ê
* Gallo-Italic:
** Piedmontese: aif
** Romagnol: êva, eva (Ville Unite)
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: âp
** Gascon: aps
** Old French: ef, e, ep
*** Picard: é

### See also

* crabro
* mel
* vespa f

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “apis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 47
* “apis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “apis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* "apis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* apis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “apis”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
* “apis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “apis”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
* “apis”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

## Occitan
### Noun

apis
* plural of api