# 嬰

| 嬰 | U+5B30, &#23344; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B30 |
| ← 嬯 [U+5B2F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嬱 → [U+5B31] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 嬰 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𰋷 |
| Simplified | 婴 |

### Han character

嬰 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月金女 (BCV), four-corner 6640$_4$, composition ⿱賏女)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 273, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6828
* Dae Jaweon: page 541, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1086, character 8
* Unihan data for U+5B30

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 嬰 :
| Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 瀴 | *qreːŋs, *mqeːŋʔ, *qeːŋʔ |
| 甖 | *qreːŋ |
| 鸚 | *qreːŋ |
| 櫻 | *qreːŋ |
| 嚶 | *qreːŋ |
| 罌 | *qreːŋ |
| 鸎 | *qreːŋ |
| 譻 | *qreːŋ |
| 賏 | *qreŋs, *qeŋ |
| 嬰 | *qeŋ |
| 瓔 | *qeŋ |
| 纓 | *qeŋ |
| 攖 | *qeŋ |
| 蘡 | *qeŋ |
| 癭 | *qeŋʔ |
| 廮 | *qeŋʔ |
| 巊 | *qeːŋʔ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 賏 (“a string of shells”) + 女 (“woman”).

### Etymology

Probably related to 縈 (OC *qʷeŋ, “to entwine”) (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yīng (ying$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yin$^1$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jing$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yen$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): in$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yîn
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yin$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ing$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): éng
* Eastern Min (BUC): ĕng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): eⁿ / iⁿ / eng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): êng$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$in
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): in$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ying
*** Wade–Giles: ying$^1$
*** Yale: yīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ing
*** Palladius: ин (in)
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: yin$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: in
*** Sinological IPA : /in⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jing$^1$
*** Yale: yīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ying$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪŋ⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jen³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: in$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /in⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: in$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /in²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)in$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)in²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /in⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /iŋ¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: éng
*** Sinological IPA : /eiŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛiŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: eⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: enn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: vef
*** IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /ẽ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɛ̃⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: inn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: vy
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /ĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /ĩ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: eng
*** Tâi-lô: ing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: efng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ⁴⁴/
* eⁿ/iⁿ - vernacular;
* eng - literary.
* Middle Chinese: 'jieng
Rime :
| Character | 嬰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於盈切 |
| Baxter | 'jieng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔiᴇŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔiɛŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔiæŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔiajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔiɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭɛŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔi̯ɛŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yīng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jing$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔeŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qeŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 嬰 | 嬰 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yīng | yīng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjieng › | ‹ ʔjieng › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔeŋ/ | /*ʔeŋ/ |
| English | surround; necklace | baby |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 嬰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15336 |
| Phonetic component | 賏 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嬰 |
| Old Chinese | /*qeŋ/ |

### Definitions

嬰
* baby; infant (Can we add an example for this sense?)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) necklace
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to put on; to wear
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to surround
    From: 《孔叢子》
    Suì mí bù fù, zì yīng túnjiǎn. [Pinyin]
    Thus I was lost and could not return, surrounding myself in hardships.
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to entangle; to fetter
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to suffer
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to offend
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to exert
* a surname

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 嬰 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 嬰兒, 嬰孩 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 嬰孩兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 嬰兒, 寶寶 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 嬰兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 娃娃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 胎娃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 小毛娃兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 奶娃兒, 奶娃子, 奶娃娃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 毛頭伢, 毛頭, 毛毛伢, 毛毛, 伢伢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 嫩娃娃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 小每每, 小咕奶兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 小毛娃, 毛娃, 小寶寶 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 蘇蝦仔, 蘇蝦, 𤘅孲仔, BB仔, BB, 阿蝦, 臊妹, 嫩蚊仔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | BB仔, BB, B, 蘇蝦仔, 蘇蝦, 𤘅孲仔, 蝦仔 |
| Cantonese | Macau | BB仔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 蘇蝦仔 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 毛蝦 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 赤蝦仔 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 蘇蝦仔, BB, BB仔 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 蘇蝦仔, 𤘅孲仔, BB仔, BB |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 蘇蝦 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 毛伢子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 毛伢崽 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 毛毛仔 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 孲𤘅仔, 孲𤘅 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 孲𤘅哩 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 孲𤘅仔 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 孲𤘅子 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 嫩仔 |
| Hakka | Changting | 孲𤘅子, 赤蝦子 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 孲𤘅子, 赤蝦子 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 蝦毛子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 孲𤘅子 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 伢人子, 毛伢子 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 孲𤘅子, 赤蝦子 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 赤伢 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 伢毛子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 孲𤘅仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 孲𤘅仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 孲𤘅, 孲𤘅仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 孲𤘅 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 孲𤘅仔, 孲𤘅 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 阿佅, 嬰仔 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 孲𤘅仔 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 細妹 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 小娃娃 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 小娃子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 𤘅仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 兒囝囝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 嬰仔, 幼囝 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 嬰仔, 幼囝 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 幼囝 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 嬰囝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 嬰仔, 嬰哥, 紅嬰仔, 紅嬰, 幼囝 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 嬰仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 紅嬰 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 紅嬰仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 紅嬰仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 紅嬰仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 紅嬰仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 紅嬰仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 紅嬰仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 嬰仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 嬰仔, 尾咪, 細囝 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 嬰仔 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 毛毛崽 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 孥囝 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 伲伲, 阿伲, 阿伲囝, 阿孥, 孥, 擁噯 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | anak |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 儂 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 囝, 儂 intimate |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 丫囝 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 娃娃 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 小毛頭, 小小囡, 毛毛頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 小小囡 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 小毛頭, 毛毛頭, 血泡泡 |
| Wu | Danyang | 小毛毛, 毛毛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 小毛頭兒, 小毛頭, 毛頭兒, 毛毛頭 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 奶花, 小毛頭, 毛頭奶花, 孲𤘅, 抱手 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 娒兒, 娒娒兒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 王男 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 毛毛, 毛毛它, 毛它 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 毛毛唧, 毛毛 |

### Compounds

* 九嬰 / 九婴
* 元嬰 / 元婴
* 句嬰 / 句婴
* 咳嬰 / 咳婴
* 女嬰 / 女婴 (nǚyīng)
* 嬰丁 / 婴丁
* 嬰人 / 婴人
* 嬰仔 / 婴仔 (eⁿ-á)
* 嬰兒 / 婴儿 (yīng'ér)
* 嬰兒子 / 婴儿子
* 嬰兒室 / 婴儿室
* 嬰兒車 / 婴儿车 (yīng'érchē)
* 嬰兒風 / 婴儿风
* 嬰冥 / 婴冥
* 嬰城 / 婴城
* 嬰嬰 / 婴婴
* 嬰子 / 婴子
* 嬰孩 / 婴孩 (yīnghái)
* 嬰孺 / 婴孺
* 嬰守 / 婴守
* 嬰年 / 婴年
* 嬰幼兒 / 婴幼儿 (yīngyòu'ér)
* 嬰弱 / 婴弱
* 嬰心 / 婴心
* 嬰忤 / 婴忤
* 嬰意 / 婴意
* 嬰懷 / 婴怀
* 嬰戮 / 婴戮
* 嬰提 / 婴提
* 嬰武 / 婴武
* 嬰母 / 婴母
* 嬰沉 / 婴沉
* 嬰物 / 婴物
* 嬰病 / 婴病
* 嬰疾 / 婴疾
* 嬰痾 / 婴疴
* 嬰石 / 婴石
* 嬰禦 / 婴御
* 嬰稚 / 婴稚
* 嬰累 / 婴累
* 嬰絹 / 婴绢
* 嬰綸 / 婴纶
* 嬰纏 / 婴缠
* 嬰罪 / 婴罪
* 嬰羅 / 婴罗
* 嬰耄 / 婴耄
* 嬰臼 / 婴臼
* 嬰薄 / 婴薄
* 嬰衿 / 婴衿
* 嬰觸 / 婴触
* 嬰遘 / 婴遘
* 嬰釁 / 婴衅
* 嬰鱗 / 婴鳞
* 孩嬰 / 孩婴
* 孺嬰 / 孺婴
* 孺子嬰 / 孺子婴
* 慅嬰 / 慅婴
* 晨嬰 / 晨婴
* 棄嬰 / 弃婴 (qìyīng)
* 棄璧負嬰 / 弃璧负婴
* 溺嬰 / 溺婴 (nìyīng)
* 玉嬰 / 玉婴
* 田嬰 / 田婴 (chhân-eⁿ) (Min Nan)
* 男嬰 / 男婴 (nányīng)
* 白玉嬰 / 白玉婴
* 聖嬰現象 / 圣婴现象 (shèngyīng xiànxiàng)
* 育嬰 / 育婴 (yùyīng)
* 育嬰堂 / 育婴堂
* 育嬰院 / 育婴院
* 脫桃嬰兒 / 脱桃婴儿
* 試管嬰兒 / 试管婴儿 (shìguǎn yīng'ér)
* 退嬰 / 退婴
* 連體嬰 / 连体婴 (liántǐyīng)
* 遺嬰 / 遗婴
* 還嬰 / 还婴
* 鉤嬰 / 钩婴
* 陶嬰 / 陶婴
* 香嬰 / 香婴

### References

* “嬰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 𰋷 (𰋷) |
| Kyūjitai | 嬰 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𰋷)
* young child, newborn child
* used as western symbol ♯ sharp to mark the accidentals of musical notes
* necklace
* put around one's neck

#### Readings

* Go-on: よう (yō)
* Kan-on: えい (ei)
* Kun: あかご (akago, 嬰)、ふれる (fureru, 嬰れる)、めぐらす (megurasu, 嬰らす)、めぐる (meguru, 嬰る)、かける (kakeru)、かかる (kakaru)、みどりご (midorigo)

#### Compounds

* 晏嬰(あんえい) (an'ei)
* 嬰羽(えいう) (eiu)
* 嬰音(えいおん) (eion)
* 嬰孩(えいがい) (eigai)
* 嬰記号(えいきごう) (eikigō)
* 嬰商(えいしょう) (eishō)
* 嬰児(えいじ) (eiji)
* 嬰児(みどりご) (midorigo)
* 嬰児殺(えいじさつ) (eijisatsu)
* 嬰幼児(えいようじ) (eiyōji)
* 嬰児籠(えじこ) (ejiko)
* 孩嬰(がいえい) (gaiei)
* 孺嬰(じゅえい) (juei)
* 退嬰(たいえい) (taiei)
* 退嬰的(たいえいてき) (taieiteki)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 嬰
* えい Hyōgai
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 嬰 (MC 'jieng).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) えー [éꜜè] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [e̞ː]

### Affix

嬰(えい) • (ei)
* newborn baby; infant
* surround

### Noun

嬰(えい) • (ei)
* (music) sharp (♯)
    嬰(えい)ヘ ― eihe ― F-sharp

#### Antonyms

* 変(へん) (hen)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jʌ̹ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [영]

### Hanja

Wikisource 嬰 • (yeong) (hangeul 영, revised yeong, McCune–Reischauer yŏng)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嬰: Hán Việt readings: anh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.