# fist
## English
### Alternative forms

* foost (Scots)

### Pronunciation

* enPR: fĭst, IPA: /fɪst/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪst

### Etymology 1

From Middle English fist, from Old English fȳst (“fist”), from Proto-West Germanic *fūsti, of uncertain origin. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Fääste (“fist”), West Frisian fûst (“fist”), Dutch vuist (“fist”), German Low German Fuust (“fist”), German Faust (“fist”). More at five.

#### Noun

fist (plural fists)
* A hand with the fingers clenched or curled inward.
    The boxer's fists rained down on his opponent in the last round.
* (printing) The pointing hand symbol ☞.
* (amateur radio) The characteristic signaling rhythm of an individual telegraph or CW operator when sending Morse code.
* (slang) A person's characteristic handwriting.
* A group of men. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
* The talons of a bird of prey.
** 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 34:More light then Culver in the Faulcons fist.
* (informal) An attempt at something.
** 2015 August 16, Daniel Taylor, The Guardian‎:City look stronger, fitter and more motivated than last season and even at this early stage the gap feels like a sizeable advantage. Yes, it is way too early to make snap judgments about the impact on the title race. It has, however, been long enough to ascertain that Manuel Pellegrini’s team are going to make a much better fist of it this time.
** 2005, Darryl N. Davis, Visions of Mind: Architectures for Cognition and Affect, page 144:With the rise of cognitive neuroscience, the time may be coming when we can make a reasonable fist of mapping down from an understanding of the functional architecture of the mind to the structural architecture of the brain.

##### Synonyms

* nief
    The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.
* bunch of fives
* fist-size
* ductus

##### Derived terms

* armored fist
* armoured fist
* backfist
* brofist
* clenched fist
* clubfist
* clutchfist
* fistball
* fistbump
* fist bump
* fist-bump
* fistee
* fist-fight
* fistfighter
* fist fight, fistfight
* fist-fuck, fistfuck
* fist-fucking, fistfucking
* fistful
* fistiana
* fistic
* fistical
* fisticuff
* fist jam
* fistlike
* fist magnet
* fistnote
* fist-pump
* fist pump
* fist-pumper
* fistwise
* fisty
* French fist
* hammer fist
* hand over fist
* iron fist
* leg-of-mutton fist
* mailed fist
* make a fist of
* make a good fist of
* monkey's fist
* mutton fist
* pinchfist
* pump one's fist
* pump someone's fist
* punch fist
* put one's fist to
* raised fist
* talk to the fist
* terrorist fist jab
* tight-fisted
* unfist
* wolf's-fist

##### Translations
#### Verb

fist (third-person singular simple present fists, present participle fisting, simple past and past participle fisted)
* To strike with the fist.
** 18 Aug 2003, Damian Cullen. "Running the rule" The Irish Times page 52
    ...may not score a point with his open hand(s), but may score a point by fisting the ball.
* To close (the hand) into a fist.
** 1969, Vladimir Nabokov, Ada or Ardor, Penguin, published 2011, page 29:He noticed Ada's trick of hiding her fingernails by fisting her hand or stretching it with the palm turned upward when helping herself to a biscuit.
* To grip with a fist.
** 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “chapter 34”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:I am an officer; but, how I wish I could fist a bit of old-fashioned beef in the fore-castle, as I used to when I was before the mast.
* (slang) To fist-fuck.

##### Derived terms

* double-fist
* fister
* fisting

##### Translations
#### See also

* knuckle
* punch

### Etymology 2

From Middle English fisten, fiesten, from Old English *fistan ("to break wind gently"; supported by Old English fisting (“breaking wind”)), from Proto-Germanic *fistaz (“breaking wind, fart”), from Proto-Germanic *fīsaną (“to break or discharge wind, fart”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peys- (“to blow, breathe”). Cognate with Dutch veest (“a fart”), Low German fīsten (“to break wind”), German Fist (“a quiet wind”), Fisten (“breaking wind”), Swedish fisa (“to fart”), Latin spīrō (“breathe, blow”).

#### Verb

fist (third-person singular simple present fists, present participle fisting, simple past and past participle fisted)
* (intransitive) To break wind.

#### Noun

fist (plural fists)
* The act of breaking wind; fise.
* A puffball.

### Anagrams

* FITs, FiTs, ITFs, TIFs, fits, sift

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* fust, fest, feest, vest

### Etymology

From Old English fȳst, from Proto-West Germanic *fūsti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fiːst/, /fist/, /fɛːst/, /fɛst/

### Noun

fist (plural fistes)
* fist

#### Descendants

* English: fist
* Scots: fist, fyst
* Yola: hist, fest

#### References

* “fī̆st, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Middle French
### Verb

fist
* third-person singular past historic of faire

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* feset

### Verb

fist
* past participle of fise

## Old High German
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

fist m
* fart

#### Declension
### References

* Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014