# 酓

| 酓 | U+9153, &#37203; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9153 |
| ← 酒 [U+9152] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 酔 → [U+9154] |

## Translingual
### Han character

酓 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人戈弓田 (OINW), four-corner 8060$_1$, composition ⿱今酉)

#### Derived characters

* 㜝 㱃 䨄 韽 䳺 盦
* 𡻡 𣻦 𣘞 𥕼 𧫧 𨡳
* 𬪓 𬯖

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1281, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39786
* Dae Jaweon: page 1781, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3576, character 8
* Unihan data for U+9153

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 酓 :
| Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
| 嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
| 僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
| 酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
| 馠 | *qʰɯːm |
| 谽 | *qʰɯːm |
| 唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
| 含 | *ɡɯːm |
| 肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 筨 | *ɡɯːm |
| 梒 | *ɡɯːm |
| 鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
| 莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
| 琀 | *ɡɯːms |
| 浛 | *ɡɯːms |
| 盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
| 韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
| 玪 | *krɯːm |
| 妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
| 欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
| 黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 鈐 | *ɡram |
| 鳹 | *ɡram |
| 雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 念 | *nɯːms |
| 梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
| 枔 | *sɢrɯm |
| 岑 | *sɡrɯm |
| 笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
| 涔 | *sɡrɯm |
| 侺 | *ɡjɯms |
| 今 | *krɯm |
| 黅 | *krɯm |
| 衿 | *krɯm |
| 衾 | *kʰrɯm |
| 坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
| 搇 | *kʰrɯms |
| 琴 | *ɡrɯm |
| 禽 | *ɡrɯm |
| 芩 | *ɡrɯm |
| 庈 | *ɡrɯm |
| 耹 | *ɡrɯm |
| 靲 | *ɡrɯm |
| 擒 | *ɡrɯm |
| 檎 | *ɡrɯm |
| 紟 | *ɡrɯms |
| 吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
| 訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
| 陰 | *qrɯm |
| 霠 |
| 飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
| 蔭 | *qrɯms |
| 廕 | *qrɯms |
| 矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |

### Etymology 1

Attested in Guangyun. Schuessler (2007) reconstructs its pronunciation as ʔemʔ and proposes it is borrowed from Proto-Hmong-Mien *ʔim (“bitter”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǎn (yan$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jim$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǎn
*** Wade–Giles: yen$^3$
*** Yale: yǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yean
*** Palladius: янь (janʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛn²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jim$^2$
*** Yale: yím
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jim$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yim$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːm³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'jiemX
Rime :
| Character | 酓 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 鹽 (153) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於琰切 |
| Baxter | 'jiemX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔiᴇm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔiɛm$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔjæm$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔiam$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔiɛm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭɛm$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔi̯ɛm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jim$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qlamʔ/, /*qʰɯːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 酓 | 酓 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 1/3 |
| No. | 6585 | 6556 |
| Phonetic component | 今 | 今 |
| Rime group | 談 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 黶 | |
| Old Chinese | /*qlamʔ/ | /*qʰɯːm/ |

#### Definitions

酓
* (historical dictionaries only, of alcoholic drinks) bitter

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 酓 – see 𣝓 (“mountain mulberry”). (This character is an ancient form of 檿, which is in turn a variant form of 𣝓).

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yàn (yan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jim$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
*** Wade–Giles: yen$^4$
*** Yale: yàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
*** Palladius: янь (janʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jim$^3$
*** Yale: yim
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jim$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yim$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːm³³/
* Middle Chinese: 'emH
Rime :
| Character | 酓 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 添 (157) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 於念切 |
| Baxter | 'emH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔem$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔem$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɛm$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɛm$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔem$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /iem$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔiem$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jim$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qlɯːms/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 酓 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| No. | 6591 |
| Phonetic component | 今 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 酓 |
| Old Chinese | /*qlɯːms/ |

#### Definitions

酓
* (historical dictionaries only) Alternative form of 𨡎 (“bitter”)

### Etymology 4

* For pronunciation and definitions of 酓 – see 飲 (“to drink; to attend a banquet; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 飲).

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B05223
* “酓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* bitter

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): えん (en)、たん (tan)、どん (don)、かん (kan)、こん (kon)
* Kun: にがい (nigai)

## Korean
### Hanja

酓 (eum 염 (yeom))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.