# शब्द
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शब्द (śabda). Doublet of साद (sād).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʃəbd̪/, [ʃɐbd̪]

### Noun

शब्द • (śabd) m (Urdu spelling شبد)
* word, term
    Synonyms: बोल (bol), लफ़्ज़ (lafz), लुग़त (luġat), कलाम (kalām)
    इस शब्द का हिन्दी में काफ़ी प्रयोग होता है।is śabd kā hindī mẽ kāfī prayog hotā hai.This word is used a lot in Hindi.
* sound
    Synonym: ध्वनि (dhvani)
    झरनों का धीमा शब्द जंगल में गूँजता।jharnõ kā dhīmā śabd jaṅgal mẽ gūñjtā.The soft sound of springs echoes through the forest.

#### Derived terms

* शब्दकोश (śabdakoś)
* शब्दावली (śabdāvlī)
* शब्दार्थ (śabdārth)
* शब्दकार (śabdakār)
* शब्दवीर (śabdavīr)
* शब्दहीन (śabdahīn)
** शब्दहीनता (śabdahīntā)
* शब्दानुवाद (śabdānuvād)

#### Related terms

* शाब्दिक (śābdik)

#### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “शब्द”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शब्द (śabda), through Old Marathi 𑘫𑘤𑘿𑘟 (śabda). Doublet of साद (sād).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɕəb.d̪ə/

### Noun

शब्द • (śabda) m
* word
    पुढे एक शब्द सुद्धा बोलू नकोस!puḍhe ek śabda suddhā bolū nakos!Don't say another word!
* sound
    Synonyms: आवाज (āvāj), ध्वनी (dhvanī)
    अचानक त्याला घुंगरांचा शब्द ऐकू आला.acānak tyālā ghuṅgrāñcā śabda aikū ālā.Suddenly he heard the sound of anklets.

#### Derived terms

* शब्दकोडे (śabdakoḍe, “word puzzle”)
* शब्दकोश (śabdakoś, “dictionary”)
* शब्दफेक (śabdaphek)
* शब्दसंग्रह (śabdasaṅgrah, “vocabulary”)
* शब्दसंपत्ती (śabdasampattī, “vocabulary”)
* शाब्दिक (śābdik, “verbal”)

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “शब्द”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “शब्द”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “शब्द”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
* Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “शब्द”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* শব্দ (Assamese script)
* ᬰᬩ᭄ᬤ (Balinese script)
* শব্দ (Bengali script)
* 𑰫𑰤𑰿𑰟 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀰𑀩𑁆𑀤 (Brahmi script)
* ၐဗ္ဒ (Burmese script)
* શબ્દ (Gujarati script)
* ਸ਼ਬ੍ਦ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌶𑌬𑍍𑌦 (Grantha script)
* ꦯꦧ꧀ꦢ (Javanese script)
* 𑂬𑂥𑂹𑂠 (Kaithi script)
* ಶಬ್ದ (Kannada script)
* ឝព្ទ (Khmer script)
* ຨພ຺ທ (Lao script)
* ശബ്ദ (Malayalam script)
* ᡧᠠᠪᡩᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘫𑘤𑘿𑘟 (Modi script)
* ᠱᠠᠪᢑᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧋𑧄𑧠𑦿 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐱𑐧𑑂𑐡 (Newa script)
* ଶବ୍ଦ (Odia script)
* ꢯꢨ꣄ꢣ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆯𑆧𑇀𑆢 (Sharada script)
* 𑖫𑖤𑖿𑖟 (Siddham script)
* ශබ‍්ද (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩿𑩲 𑪙𑩭 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚧𑚠𑚶𑚛 (Takri script)
* ஶப்³த³ (Tamil script)
* శబ్ద (Telugu script)
* ศพฺท (Thai script)
* ཤ་བྡ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒬𑒥𑓂𑒠 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨮𑨠𑩇𑨛 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From the root शप् (śap, “to curse; swear”) +‎ -द (-da).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɕɐ́b.dɐ/, [ɕɐ́b̚.dɐ]
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɕɐb.d̪ɐ/, [ˈɕɐb̚.d̪ɐ]

### Noun

शब्द • (śábda) stem, m
* sound, noise, voice, tone, note
* a word

#### Derived terms

* शब्दकोश (śabdakośa)

#### Descendants

* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀤𑁆𑀤 (sadda)
** Marathi: साद (sād)
** Konkani: साद (sād)
* Pali: sadda
** → Burmese: သဒ္ဒါ (sadda)
** → Kannada: ಸದ್ದು (saddu)
** → Khmer: សទ្ទ (sattĕəʼ)
** → Thai: สัท- (sàt-)
*** ⇒ Thai: สัทอักษร (sàt-tá-àk-sɔ̌ɔn)
*** ⇒ Thai: สัทศาสตร์ (sàt-tá-sàat)
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀤𑁆𑀤 (sadda)
** Gujarati: સાદ (sād)
** Hindi: साद (sād)
** Punjabi: ਸੱਦ (sadda)
* → Bengali: শব্দ (śobdo)
* → Early Assamese: শবদ (śobodo)
** Assamese: শব্দ (xobdo)
** → Bodo (India): सोदोब (swdwb)
* → Gujarati: શબ્દ (śabd)
* → Hindi: शब्द (śabd)
* → Kannada: ಶಬ್ದ (śabda)
* → Khmer: សព្ទ (sap)
* → Lao: ສັບ (sap)
* → Malay: sabda
** Indonesian: sabda
* → Malayalam: ശബ്ദം (śabdaṁ)
* → Old Javanese: śabda
** > Javanese: ꦱꦧ꧀ꦢ (sabda) (inherited)
** >? Javanese: ꦱꦼꦢ (seda)
** → Balinese: ᬰᬩ᭄ᬤ (sabda)
* → Odia: ଶବ୍ଦ (śabda)
* → Old Marathi: 𑘫𑘤𑘿𑘟 (śabda)
** Marathi: शब्द (śabda)
* → Punjabi: ਸ਼ਬਦ (śabd)
* → Sylheti: ꠡꠛ꠆ꠖꠧ (śobdo)
* → Tamil: சத்தம் (cattam)
* ⇒ Telugu: శబ్దము (śabdamu)
* → Thai: ศัพท์ (sàp)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “शब्द”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1052.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 296