# sreang
## Irish
### Etymology

From Middle Irish sreng, from Old Norse strengr.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ʃɾˠauŋɡ/
* (Connacht) IPA: /sˠɾˠɑːŋ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /sˠɾˠaŋ/

### Noun

sreang f (genitive singular sreinge, nominative plural sreanga or sreangacha or sreanganna)
* string, twine, cord
* wire
    Synonym: sreang mhiotail
* chain
    Synonym: slabhra

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
sreang
sreanga
vocative
a shreang
a shreanga
genitive
sreinge
sreang
dative
sreang
sreanga
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an tsreang
na sreanga
genitive
na sreinge
na sreang
dative
leis an tsreang don tsreang
leis na sreanga :
* Alternative plurals: sreangacha, sreanganna

#### Derived terms

* sreang dhealgach
* sreang dheilgneach
* sreang-ghloine
* sreangach
* sreangadach
* sreangaigh
* sreangán
* sreangbhás
* sreangdhruma
* sreangscéal
* sreangscuab
* sreangshiopa
* sreangshúil
* sreangtharraing
* sreangthomhas
* srincne

### Verb

sreang (present analytic sreangann, future analytic sreangfaidh, verbal noun sreangadh, past participle sreangtha)
* (transitive) draw, drag; pull, wrench

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | sreangaim | sreangann tú; sreangair$^†$ | sreangann sé, sí | sreangaimid | sreangann sibh | sreangann siad; sreangaid$^†$ | a shreangann; a shreangas / a sreangann* | sreangtar |
| indicative | past | shreang mé; shreangas | shreang tú; shreangais | shreang sé, sí | shreangamar; shreang muid | shreang sibh; shreangabhair | shreang siad; shreangadar | a shreang / ar shreang* | sreangadh |
| indicative | past habitual | shreangainn / sreangainn‡‡ | shreangtá / sreangtá‡‡ | shreangadh sé, sí / sreangadh sé, sí‡‡ | shreangaimis; shreangadh muid / sreangaimis‡‡; sreangadh muid‡‡ | shreangadh sibh / sreangadh sibh‡‡ | shreangaidís; shreangadh siad / sreangaidís‡‡; sreangadh siad‡‡ | a shreangadh / a sreangadh* | shreangtaí / sreangtaí‡‡ |
| future | future | sreangfaidh mé; sreangfad | sreangfaidh tú; sreangfair$^†$ | sreangfaidh sé, sí | sreangfaimid; sreangfaidh muid | sreangfaidh sibh | sreangfaidh siad; sreangfaid$^†$ | a shreangfaidh; a shreangfas / a sreangfaidh* | sreangfar |
| conditional | conditional | shreangfainn / sreangfainn‡‡ | shreangfá / sreangfá‡‡ | shreangfadh sé, sí / sreangfadh sé, sí‡‡ | shreangfaimis; shreangfadh muid / sreangfaimis‡‡; sreangfadh muid‡‡ | shreangfadh sibh / sreangfadh sibh‡‡ | shreangfaidís; shreangfadh siad / sreangfaidís‡‡; sreangfadh siad‡‡ | a shreangfadh / a sreangfadh* | shreangfaí / sreangfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go sreanga mé; go sreangad$^†$ | go sreanga tú; go sreangair$^†$ | go sreanga sé, sí | go sreangaimid; go sreanga muid | go sreanga sibh | go sreanga siad; go sreangaid$^†$ | — | go sreangtar |
| subjunctive | past | dá sreangainn | dá sreangtá | dá sreangadh sé, sí | dá sreangaimis; dá sreangadh muid | dá sreangadh sibh | dá sreangaidís; dá sreangadh siad | — | dá sreangtaí |
| imperative | imperative | sreangaim | sreang | sreangadh sé, sí | sreangaimis | sreangaigí; sreangaidh$^†$ | sreangaidís | — | sreangtar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | sreangadh | sreangadh | sreangadh | sreangadh | sreangadh | sreangadh | sreangadh | sreangadh |
| past participle | past participle | sreangtha | sreangtha | sreangtha | sreangtha | sreangtha | sreangtha | sreangtha | sreangtha |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

#### Alternative forms

* sreangaigh

#### Derived terms

* sreangadóir m (“stringer; puller, dragger”)
* sreangaire m (“tall thin person; dawdler”)

#### Descendants

* → Yola: shraanes, shruanes, shruaanès (plural)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sreng”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 86, page 47
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 302, page 106

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sreang”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “sreang”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “sreang”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Scottish Gaelic
### Alternative forms

* sreing, streang, sraing, straing

### Etymology

From Middle Irish sreng, from Old Norse strengr.

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis) IPA: /s̪t̪ɾɤ̃ĩɣ/
* (Uist) IPA: /s̪t̪ɾɛŋk/
* (Wester Ross) IPA: /s̪t̪ɾãĩɣ/

### Noun

sreang f (genitive singular sreinge, plural sreangan or sreangannan)
* string, line, cord
* rope
* charm to prevent harm from an evil eye
* ridge
* the part of a hand fishing line held in the hand
* (in the plural) fishing lines

#### Derived terms

* sreang-bogha f, sreang-thrian f (“common restharrow”)
* sreang-chumail f (“awe-band”)
* sreang-lìon f (“casting line, casting-net”)
* sreang-riaghailt f (“plumb-line, plummet, ruling-line, mason's parallel line”)
* sreang-stiùiridh f (“stern-rope”)
* sreang-tart f, sreang-art f (“loadstone”)
* sreang-thomhais f (“measuring-line; surveyor's line or chain”)

### Verb

sreang
* extend
* draw out into threads
* tear

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sreng”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “sreang”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN