# दुग्ध
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdhá). Doublet of दूध (dūdh).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /d̪ʊɡd̪ʱ/

### Noun

दुग्ध • (dugdh) m (Urdu spelling دگدهہ)
* (formal, chiefly compounds) milk, dairy
    Synonyms: दूध (dūdh), शीर (śīr)
    विश्व दुग्ध दिवस ― viśva dugdh divas ― World Milk Day

#### Declension
### Adjective

दुग्ध • (dugdh)
* of or relating to milk/dairy
    दुग्ध चूर्ण ― dugdh cūrṇ ― milk powder
* milked

### References

* Platts, John T. (1884) “दुग्ध”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “दुग्ध”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “दुग्ध”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “दुग्ध”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “दुग्ध”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* দুগ্ধ (Assamese script)
* ᬤᬸᬕ᭄ᬥ (Balinese script)
* দুগ্ধ (Bengali script)
* 𑰟𑰲𑰐𑰿𑰠 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀤𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀥 (Brahmi script)
* ဒုဂ္ဓ (Burmese script)
* દુગ્ધ (Gujarati script)
* ਦੁਗ੍ਧ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌦𑍁𑌗𑍍𑌧 (Grantha script)
* ꦢꦸꦒ꧀ꦣ (Javanese script)
* 𑂠𑂳𑂏𑂹𑂡 (Kaithi script)
* ದುಗ್ಧ (Kannada script)
* ទុគ្ធ (Khmer script)
* ທຸຄ຺ຘ (Lao script)
* ദുഗ്ധ (Malayalam script)
* ᡩᡠᡤᢡᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘟𑘳𑘐𑘿𑘠 (Modi script)
* ᢑᠤᠺᢑᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦿𑧔𑦰𑧠𑧀 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐡𑐸𑐐𑑂𑐢 (Newa script)
* ଦୁଗ୍ଧ (Odia script)
* ꢣꢸꢔ꣄ꢤ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆢𑆶𑆓𑇀𑆣 (Sharada script)
* 𑖟𑖲𑖐𑖿𑖠 (Siddham script)
* දුග්‍ධ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩭𑩒𑩞 𑪙𑩮 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚛𑚰𑚌𑚶𑚜 (Takri script)
* து³க்³த⁴ (Tamil script)
* దుగ్ధ (Telugu script)
* ทุคฺธ (Thai script)
* དུ་གྡྷ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒠𑒳𑒑𑓂𑒡 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨛𑨃𑨍𑩇𑨜 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tó-s from *dʰewgʰ- (“to be yield”). Synchronically analyzable as the past passive participle of the root of दोग्धि (dógdhi, “to milk”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /duɡ.dʱɐ́/, [duɡ̚.dʱɐ́]
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈd̪uɡ.d̪ʱɐ/, [ˈd̪uɡ̚.d̪ʱɐ]

### Participle

दुग्ध • (dugdhá) (root दुह्)
* past passive participle of दुह् (duh)
* milked, milked out, extracted
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 9.97.11:अध॒ धार॑या॒ मध्वा॑ पृचा॒नस्ति॒रो रोम॑ पवते॒ अद्रि॑दुग्धः। इन्दु॒रिन्द्र॑स्य स॒ख्यं जु॑षा॒णो दे॒वो दे॒वस्य॑ मत्स॒रो मदा॑य॥ádha dhā́rayā mádhvā pṛcānástiró róma pavate ádridugdhaḥ. índuríndrasya sakhyáṃ juṣāṇó devó devásya matsaró mádāya.Milked forth by the stones the Soma flows through the sheep's hair coming into contact with the gods with its sweet-flavoured stream; the divine exhilarating Indu desiring the friendship of Indra flows for the exhilaration of the deity.
* sucked out, impoverished
* milked together, accumulated, filled, full

#### Declension
### Noun

दुग्ध • (dugdhá) stem, n (root दुह्)
* milk
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.19.4:प्रि॒यं दु॒ग्धं न काम्य॒मजा॑मि जा॒म्योः सचा॑। घ॒र्मो न वाज॑जठ॒रोऽद॑ब्धः॒ शश्व॑तो॒ दभः॑॥priyáṃ dugdháṃ ná kā́myamájāmi jāmyóḥ sácā. gharmó ná vā́jajaṭharóʼdabdhaḥ śáśvato dábhaḥ.May Agni with his two relatives, heaven and earth, hear this faultless praise, acceptable as milk; he who, like the mixed oblation, is filled with food, and unsubsdued, is ever the subduer of his foes.
** c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) II.2.10.2:श्वेतायै श्वेतवत्सायै दुग्धं मथितमाज्यमभवत्यज्यं प्रोक्षणमाज्येन मार्जयन्ते...śvetāyai śvetavatsāyai dugdhaṃ mathitamājyamabhavatyajyaṃ prokṣaṇamājyena mārjayante...The butter is churned from the milk of a white (cow) with a white calf; butter is used for the sprinkling, and they purify themselves with butter...
* the milky juice of plants, sap

#### Derived terms

* गोदुग्ध (godugdha)

#### Descendants

* Rajbanshi: दुऩि (dunhi)
* Kashmiri: دۄد (dọd)
* Pali: duddha
* Prakrit: 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha) (see there for further descendants)
* → Bengali: দুগ্ধ (dugdho)
* → Hindi: दुग्ध (dugdh) (learned)
* → Kannada: ದುಗ್ಧ (dugdha)
* → Tamil: துத்தம் (tuttam)

### References

* ↑ Goto, Toshifumi (2013) Old Indo-Aryan Morphology and its Indo-Iranian Background (Veroffentlichungen zur Iranistik; 60)‎, Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, →ISBN, § 3.8.3. verbal adjectives, page 139
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 747

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “दुग्ध”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0483/3.