# neuron
## English
### Alternative forms

* neurone

### Etymology

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “nerve”), doublet of nerve and sinew. By surface analysis, neuro- +‎ -on.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/, /ˈn(j)uɹɑn/, /ˈn(j)ɝɑn/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈnjʊəɹɒn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (Canada) IPA: /ˈnjəɹɑn/
* Rhymes: -ʊəɹɒn, -uːɹɒn, -ɜːɹɒn

### Noun

neuron (plural neurons or neura)
* (cytology) A cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites. Neurons are connected by synapses.
    Synonyms: neurocyte, nerve cell
** 2013 August 3, “The machine of a new soul”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:The yawning gap in neuroscientists’ understanding of their topic is in the intermediate scale of the brain’s anatomy. Science has a passable knowledge of how individual nerve cells, known as neurons, work. It also knows which visible lobes and ganglia of the brain do what. But how the neurons are organised in these lobes and ganglia remains obscure.
* (zoology) A nervure of an insect's wing.
* (artificial intelligence) an artificial neuron (mathematical function serving as an essential unit of an artificial neural network)

#### Derived terms

* antimirror neuron
* input neuron
* interneuron
* Jennifer Aniston neuron
* medium spiny neuron
* mirror neuron
* motor neuron
* motor neuron disease
* neuron activation
* neuronal
* neuronally
* neuronic
* Purkinje neuron
* pyramidal neuron
* rosehip neuron
* sensory neuron
* spindle neuron
* spiny projection neuron
* von Economo neuron

#### Related terms

* neural
* neuralgia
* neuritis
* neurology
* neuroscience
* neurosis

#### See also

* neura
* neurode
* neuron on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Further reading

* “neuron”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “neuron”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “neuron”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

## Czech
### Etymology

Ultimately from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “nerve”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛu̯ron]

### Noun

neuron m inan
* (cytology) neuron
    Synonym: nervová buňka

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “neuron”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “neuron”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Danish
### Noun

neuron c (singular definite neuronen, plural indefinite neuroner)
* (cytology) neuron

#### Synonyms

* nervecelle

### References

* “neuron” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

neuron n (plural neuronen or neurons)
* neuron

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron). Doublet of nerw.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnɛw.rɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛwrɔn
* Syllabification: neu‧ron

### Noun

neuron m inan (related adjective neuronowy or neuronalny)
* (cytology, neuroanatomy) neuron (cell of the nervous system, which conducts nerve impulses; consisting of an axon and several dendrites)
    Synonym: komórka nerwowa

#### Declension
### Further reading

* neuron in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* neuron in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* neuron in PWN's encyclopedia

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French neurone.

### Noun

neuron m (plural neuroni)
* neuron

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /neǔroːn/
* Hyphenation: ne‧u‧ron

### Noun

neùrōn m (Cyrillic spelling неу̀ро̄н)
* neuron

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Noun

neuron c or n
* (cytology) a neuron
    Synonym: nervcell

#### Usage notes

Common gender is much more common.

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | neuron | neurons |
| singular | definite | neuronen | neuronens |
| plural | indefinite | neuroner | neuroners |
| plural | definite | neuronerna | neuronernas |
| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | neuron | neurons |
| singular | definite | neuronet | neuronets |
| plural | indefinite | neuron | neurons |
| plural | definite | neuronen | neuronens |

### References

* neuron in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* neuron in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* neuron in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Svensk MeSH