# 隣

| 隣 | U+96A3, &#38563; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96A3 |
| ← 隢 [U+96A2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 隤 → [U+96A4] |
| 隣 | U+F9F1, &#63985; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9F1 |
| ← 藺 [U+F9F0] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 鱗 → [U+F9F2] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 鄰 |
| Shinjitai | 隣 |
| Simplified | 邻 |

### Han character

隣 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 弓中火木手 (NLFDQ), composition ⿰阝粦)
* neighbor
* neighboring, adjacent

#### Derived characters

* 𭌇, 𮟠, 𮒧

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1360, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41847
* Dae Jaweon: page 1864, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4158, character 11
* Unihan data for U+96A3
* Unihan data for U+F9F1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 粦 (OC *rins).

### Definitions

* For pronunciation and definitions of 隣 – see 鄰 (“neighbor; neighborhood; to be neighboring; to be adjacent”). (This character is a variant form of 鄰).

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 隣 |
| Kyūjitai | 隣 |

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 隣)

#### Readings

* Go-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
* Kun: となり (tonari, 隣, Jōyō)、となる (tonaru, 隣る, Jōyō)
* Nanori: さと (sato)、ただ (tada)、ちか (chika)、ちかし (chikashi)、なが (naga)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 隣
* となり Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 鄰 (rare)
⟨to$_1$nari⟩ → */tʷonari/ → /tonari/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *tonari.
Analyzable as a compound of Old Japanese 外 (to$_1$, “outside, other”) + nari, possibly the nominalization of verb なる (naru, “to become”), or a contraction of に (ni, locative particle) + あり (ari, copular "to be" verb, predicative and nominal form).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) となり [tònárí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [to̞na̠ɾʲi]

#### Noun

隣(となり) • (tonari)
* a neighbour / neighbor
    となりのトトロ ― Tonari no Totoro ― My Neighbor Totoro
* that which is neighbouring
    隣(となり)の席(せき)
       tonari no seki
       seat next to mine
       (literally, “neighboring seat”)
    隣(となり)に座(すわ)る
       tonari ni suwaru
       to sit next to someone
       (literally, “to sit in the neighboring spot”)
* something continuously connected front and back over a certain time period

##### Usage notes

* Used with number words to express "n places away".
** (Can we date this quote?), 三(み)秋(あき)縋(すがる) (Miaki Sugaru), “三(みっ)日(か)間(かん)の幸(こう)福(ふく) (Mikkakan no Kōfuku)”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎:
    「……危険(きけん)な仕事(しごと)なんだな」 そう言(い)って、俺(おれ)はミヤギの二(ふた)つ隣(となり)に座(すわ)った。
       “……Kiken na shigoto nan da na” sō itte, ore wa miyagi no futatsu tonari ni suwatta.
       "…It's a dangerous job, huh." Saying that, I sat two seats away from Miyagi.

##### Derived terms

* 隣(となり)近所(きんじょ) (tonari kinjo)
* 隣(となり)組(ぐみ) (tonarigumi)
* 隣(となり)同士(どうし) (tonari dōshi)
* 秋(あき)の隣(となり) (aki no tonari)
* 両(りょう)隣(どなり) (ryōdonari)

##### Proverbs

* 隣(となり)の芝(しば)生(ふ)は青(あお)い (tonari no shibafu wa aoi, “the grass is always greener on the other side”)
* 隣(となり)の糂粏味噌(じんだみそ) (tonari no jinda miso, “neighbour's rice-bran miso → the grass is always greener on the other side”)
* 隣(となり)の疝気(せんき)を頭痛(ずつう)に病(や)む (tonari no senki o zutsū ni yamu, “giving headaches to your neighbour → don't meddle in other's affairs”)
* 隣(となり)の宝(たから)を数(かぞ)える (tonari no takara o kazoeru, “counting your neighbour's treasures → doing something useful for nothing”)
* 隣(となり)の花(はな)は赤(あか)い (tonari no hana wa akai, “the flowers are always redder on the other side → the grass is always greener on the other side”)
* 徳(とく)は孤(こ)ならず必(かなら)ず隣(となり)あり (toku wa ko narazu kanarazu tonari ari, “virtue is not an orphan, always having neighbours → virtue is not solitary, always having companionship”)

##### See also

* 側(そば) (soba)

#### Verb

隣(となり)する • (tonari suru) suru (stem 隣(となり)し (tonari shi), past 隣(となり)した (tonari shita))
* to neighbour/neighbor, be adjacent to

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 隣し | となりし | tonari shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 隣し | となりし | tonari shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 隣する | となりする | tonari suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 隣する | となりする | tonari suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 隣すれ | となりすれ | tonari sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 隣せよ¹ 隣しろ² | となりせよ¹ となりしろ² | tonari seyo¹ tonari shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 隣される | となりされる | tonari sareru |
| Causative | 隣させる 隣さす | となりさせる となりさす | tonari saseru tonari sasu |
| Potential | 隣できる | となりできる | tonari dekiru |
| Volitional | 隣しよう | となりしよう | tonari shiyō |
| Negative | 隣しない | となりしない | tonari shinai |
| Negative continuative | 隣せず | となりせず | tonari sezu |
| Formal | 隣します | となりします | tonari shimasu |
| Perfective | 隣した | となりした | tonari shita |
| Conjunctive | 隣して | となりして | tonari shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 隣すれば | となりすれば | tonari sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||
Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 隣せ | となりせ | tonarise |
| Continuative (連用形) | 隣し | となりし | tonarisi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 隣す | となりす | tonarisu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 隣する | となりする | tonarisuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 隣すれ | となりすれ | tonarisure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 隣せよ | となりせよ | tonariseyo |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 隣せず | となりせず | tonarisezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 隣すれど | となりすれど | tonarisuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 隣すれば | となりすれば | tonarisureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 隣せば | となりせば | tonariseba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 隣しき | となりしき | tonarisiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 隣しけり | となりしけり | tonarisikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 隣しつ | となりしつ | tonarisitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 隣しぬ | となりしぬ | tonarisinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 隣せり 隣したり | となりせり となりしたり | tonariseri tonarisitari |
| Volitional | 隣せむ | となりせむ | tonarisemu |

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 隣
* りん Grade: S
* on'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 鄰 (rare)
From Middle Chinese 鄰 (MC lin).

#### Affix

隣(りん) • (rin)
* adjacent, neighbouring/neighboring

##### Derived terms

* 隣家(りんか) (rinka)
* 隣(りん)国(ごく) (ringoku)
* 隣(りん)室(しつ) (rinshitsu)
* 隣人(りんじん) (rinjin)
* 隣(りん)接(せつ) (rinsetsu)
* 隣邦(りんぽう) (rinpō)
* 近隣(きんりん) (kinrin)
* 四隣(しりん) (shirin)
* 善隣(ぜんりん) (zenrin)

#### Proper noun

隣(りん) • (Rin)
* a female given name

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō

## Korean
### Hanja

隣 (eum 린 (rin), word-initial (South Korea) 인 (in))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Miyako
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* Kun: とぅなㇲ゙ (tunadz, 隣)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tunaz̩/

### Noun

隣(とぅなㇲ゙) (tunadz)
* neighbor
* neighborhood

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* neighbor

#### Readings

* Kun: とぅない (tunai, 隣)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 隣
* とぅない Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Cognate with Japanese 隣 (tonari, “neighbor”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tunai]

### Noun

隣(とぅない) (tunai)
* neighbour

### References

* “とぅない【隣】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

## Old Japanese
### Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *tonari.
Analyzable as a compound of 外 (to$_1$, “outside, other”) + nari, possibly the nominalization of verb なる (naru, “to become”), or a contraction of に (ni, locative particle) + あり (ari, copular "to be" verb, predicative and nominal form).

### Noun

隣 (to$_1$nari) (kana となり)
* a neighbour/neighbor
** 720, Nihon Shoki, Emperor Bidatsu, entry 11: second year of the seventh month in autumn:天皇聞、即數難波罪曰：「欺誑朝庭、一也。溺殺隣使、二也。以茲大罪、不合放還。」以斷其罪。(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 9, poem 1738:, text here
    ...玉桙乃道徃人者己行道者不去而不召爾門至奴指並隣之君者預己妻離而不乞爾鎰左倍奉......tamapoko$_2$ no$_2$ mi$_1$ti yuku pi$_1$to$_2$ pa ono$_2$ ga yuku mi$_1$ti pa yukazute yo$_1$banaku ni kado$_1$ ni itarinu sasinarabu to$_1$nari no$_2$ ki$_1$mi$_1$ pa arakazime$_2$ ono$_2$duma karete ko$_2$panaku ni kagi$_1$ sape$_2$ maturu...(please add an English translation of this usage example)
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3472:, text here
    比登豆麻等安是可曾乎伊波牟志可良婆加刀奈里乃伎奴乎可里弖伎奈波毛pi$_1$to$_2$duma to$_2$ aze ka so$_2$ wo ipamu sikaraba ka to$_1$nari no$_2$ ki$_1$nu wo karite ki$_1$napamo(please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 隣 (tonari)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

隣: Nôm readings: láng, lăn, trăn, trằn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* 1 2 3 4 Hồ (1976).