# 揺る
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 揺
* ゆ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 搖る (kyūjitai) 汰る 淘る

### Etymology

⟨yo$_2$ru⟩ → */jəru/ → /juru/
From Old Japanese.
Appears to be the root of 緩い (yurui, “loose”), 緩やか (yuruyaka, “loose, slack; languid; lax”), ゆるゆる (yuruyuru, “loose, baggy; slowly; softly, softeningly”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jɯ̟ɾɯ̟]

### Verb

揺(ゆ)る • (yuru) transitive $^†$yodan
* 揺る: (archaic) to shake, to sway, to quake, to sway back and forth
** 揺る, 汰る, 淘る: (specifically) to sift and sort, especially in water
* 揺る: (archaic) to pitch, to roll, to rock, to toss about (such as a ship on rough seas)
* 揺る: (archaic) to jolt or joggle (such as a vehicle)
* 揺る: (archaic) to swing back and forth (such as something suspended or hanging)
* 揺る: (archaic) to flicker, to waver (such as a flame)
* 揺る: (archaic) to tremble, to vibrate

#### Conjugation

Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 揺ら | ゆら | yura |
| Continuative (連用形) | 揺り | ゆり | yuri |
| Terminal (終止形) | 揺る | ゆる | yuru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 揺る | ゆる | yuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 揺れ | ゆれ | yure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 揺れ | ゆれ | yure |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 揺らず | ゆらず | yurazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 揺れど | ゆれど | yuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 揺れば | ゆれば | yureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 揺らば | ゆらば | yuraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 揺りき | ゆりき | yuriki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 揺りけり | ゆりけり | yurikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 揺りつ | ゆりつ | yuritu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 揺りぬ | ゆりぬ | yurinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 揺れり 揺りたり | ゆれり ゆりたり | yureri yuritari |
| Volitional | 揺らむ | ゆらむ | yuramu |

#### Derived terms

* 揺(ゆ)る揺(ゆ)る (yuruyuru)
* 揺(ゆ)るぐ (yurugu)
* 揺(ゆ)らす (yurasu, modern transitive)
* 揺(ゆ)られる (yurareru, “to be shaken”)
* ゆらゆら (yurayura)
* 揺(ゆ)らかす (yurakasu)
* 揺(ゆ)らつく (yuratsuku)
* 揺(ゆ)らゆ (yurayu)
* 揺(ゆ)ららか (yuraraka)
* 揺(ゆ)り (yuri)
* 揺(ゆ)り上(あ)げる (yuriageru)
* 揺(ゆ)り合(あ)はす (yuriawasu)
* 揺(ゆ)り板(いた) (yuriita)
* 揺(ゆ)り起(お)こす (yuriokosu)
* 揺(ゆ)り落(お)とす (yuriotosu)
* 揺(ゆ)り返(かえ)す (yurikaesu)
* 揺(ゆ)り籠(かご) (yurikago)
* 揺(ゆ)り子(こ) (yuriko)
* 揺(ゆ)り据(す)う (yurisuu)
* 揺(ゆ)り直(なお)す (yurinaosu)
* 揺(ゆ)り戻(もど)し (yurimodoshi)
* 揺(ゆ)り輪(わ) (yuriwa)
* 揺(ゆ)り分(わ)ける (yuriwakeru)

### Verb

揺(ゆ)る • (yuru) intransitive $^†$nidan
* (archaic) to shake, to sway, to quake
* (archaic) to become unstable

#### Conjugation

Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 揺れ | ゆれ | yure |
| Continuative (連用形) | 揺れ | ゆれ | yure |
| Terminal (終止形) | 揺る | ゆる | yuru |
| Attributive (連体形) | 揺るる | ゆるる | yururu |
| Realis (已然形) | 揺るれ | ゆるれ | yurure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 揺れよ | ゆれよ | yureyo |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 揺れず | ゆれず | yurezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 揺るれど | ゆるれど | yururedo |
| Causal conjunction | 揺るれば | ゆるれば | yurureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 揺れば | ゆれば | yureba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 揺れき | ゆれき | yureki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 揺れけり | ゆれけり | yurekeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 揺れつ | ゆれつ | yuretu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 揺れぬ | ゆれぬ | yurenu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 揺れたり | ゆれたり | yuretari |
| Volitional | 揺れむ | ゆれむ | yuremu |

#### Derived terms

* 揺(ゆ)れ (yure)
* 揺(ゆ)れる (yureru, modern intransitive)