# 駝

| 駝 | U+99DD, &#39389; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-99DD |
| ← 駜 [U+99DC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 駞 → [U+99DE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

駝 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+5, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸火十心 (SFJP), four-corner 7331$_1$, composition ⿰馬它)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1437, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44681
* Dae Jaweon: page 1961, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4549, character 12
* Unihan data for U+99DD

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 佗 | *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl |
| 拕 | *l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːlʔ |
| 它 | *l̥ʰaːl |
| 蛇 | *l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal |
| 袉 | *l̥ʰaːlʔ, *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ |
| 鴕 | *l'aːl |
| 駝 | *l'aːl |
| 紽 | *l'aːl |
| 鮀 | *l'aːl |
| 陀 | *l'aːl |
| 沱 | *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ |
| 跎 | *l'aːl |
| 詑 | *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ, *hlel, *lal, *l̥ʰoːl |
| 酡 | *l'aːl |
| 迱 | *l'aːl |
| 舵 | *l'aːlʔ |
| 柁 | *l'aːlʔ |
| 鉈 | *ɦljaːl, *hljal |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'aːl) : semantic 馬 (“horse”) + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): tuó (tuo$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): to$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): туә (tuə, I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): to$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thò
    (Meixian, Guangdong): to$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): tue$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): dǒ̤
* Eastern Min (BUC): dò̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tô / tô͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): toh$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$du
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): do$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuó
*** Wade–Giles: tʻo$^2$
*** Yale: twó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: two
*** Palladius: то (to)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: to$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: to
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰo²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: туә (tuə, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰuə²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: to$^4$
*** Yale: tòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: to$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔː²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thò
*** Hakka Romanization System: to$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: to$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: to$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰo¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: tue$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰuɤ¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǒ̤
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dò̤
*** Sinological IPA : /to⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô
*** Tâi-lô: tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dooi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /to¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /to²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ²³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô͘
*** Tâi-lô: tôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doo
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: toh$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tho̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰoʔ⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$du
*** MiniDict: du$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$du
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /du²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: do$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /to¹³/
* Middle Chinese: da
Rime :
| Character | 駝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒河切 |
| Baxter | da |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /da/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tuó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | to$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːl/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 駝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12214 |
| Phonetic component | 它 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 駝 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'aːl/ |

### Definitions

駝
* camel
* to be humpbacked; to be hunchbacked
* to carry on the back
    alt. forms: 馱 / 驮

### Compounds

* 單峰駱駝 / 单峰骆驼 (dānfēng luòtuo)
* 大羊駝 / 大羊驼 (dàyángtuó)
* 彎腰駝背 / 弯腰驼背
* 拉駱駝 / 拉骆驼
* 明駝 / 明驼
* 橐駝 / 橐驼 (tuótuó)
* 無峰駝 / 无峰驼
* 磨駝 / 磨驼
* 紫駝 / 紫驼
* 羊駝 / 羊驼 (yángtuó)
* 美洲駝 / 美洲驼
* 荊棘銅駝 / 荆棘铜驼
* 袱駝 / 袱驼
* 銅駝 / 铜驼
* 銅駝荊棘 / 铜驼荆棘
* 銅駝陌 / 铜驼陌
* 雙峰駝 / 双峰驼 (shuāngfēngtuó)
* 駝員 / 驼员
* 駝垛 / 驼垛
* 駝奶 / 驼奶 (tuónǎi)
* 駝子 / 驼子 (tuózi)
* 駝峰 / 驼峰 (tuófēng)
* 駝絨 / 驼绒
* 駝背 / 驼背 (tuóbèi)
* 駝色 / 驼色
* 駝販 / 驼贩
* 駝鈴 / 驼铃
* 駝鳥 / 驼鸟 (tuóniǎo)
* 駝鳥政策 / 驼鸟政策
* 駝鹿 / 驼鹿 (tuólù)
* 駱駝 / 骆驼 (luòtuo)
* 駱駝絨 / 骆驼绒
* 魔駝 / 魔驼

### References

* “駝”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* hump

#### Readings

* Go-on: だ (da)
* Kan-on: た (ta)
* Kun: せむし (semushi, 駝)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 駝 (MC da). Recorded as Middle Korean 타 (tha) (Yale: tha) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 駝 (eumhun 낙타 타 (nakta ta))
* hanja form of 타 (“camel”)

#### Compounds

* 낙타 (駱駝, nakta)
* 타조 (駝鳥, tajo)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

駝: Hán Nôm readings: đà
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.