# طبل
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

From Middle Iranian *tabir, tabil (“drum”). Compare Persian تبیر (tabir, “drum”) and Old Armenian տաւիղ (tawił), also from Iranian.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˤabl/
** (Gulf) IPA: /tˤəbɪl/
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

طَبْل • (ṭabl) m (plural طُبُول (ṭubūl) or أَطْبَال (ʔaṭbāl))
* verbal noun of طَبَلَ (ṭabala) (form I)
* drumming, drumbeat
* drum
* bass drum

##### Derived terms

* طَبْلَة (ṭabla, “drum”)
* طَبْلِيّ (ṭabliyy, “drum-shaped; tympanic”)
** غِشَاء طَبْلِيّ (ḡišāʔ ṭabliyy, “eardrum”)

##### Descendants

* → Catalan: tabal
* → Spanish: atabal
** → English: atabal

### Etymology 2

Denominal verb from the noun طَبْل (ṭabl, “drum”).

#### Verb

طَبَلَ • (ṭabala) I (non-past يَطْبُلُ (yaṭbulu), verbal noun طَبْل (ṭabl))
* to beat a drum, to drum

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

طَبَّلَ • (ṭabbala) II (non-past يُطَبِّلُ (yuṭabbilu), verbal noun تَطْبِيل (taṭbīl))
* to beat a drum, to drum
* to beat the drum for someone, to campaign for, to tubthump
** 2022 May 19, وديع المودن, “فضيحة.. هكذا نسخ عبد المجيد تبون حرفيا وبدون حياء الميثاق الجديد للاستثمار المغربي”, in le360‎:الميثاق الجديد للاستثمار الجزائري، الذي طبل له كثيرا عبد المجيد تبون، ما هو في حقيقة الأمر إلا مجرد نسخة باهتة للجهود التي بذلها المغرب لمنح المملكة ميثاقا استثماريا جديدا.The new Algerian investment agreement which Abdelmadjid Tebboune has beaten the drum for, what is it in fact but a lackluster chit for the efforts which Morocco afforded to allow the Kingdom a new investment agreement.

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 3

Occurring from the mid-8th century onwards, from Byzantine Greek τάβλα (tábla), τάβλη (táblē), τάβλον (táblon), from Latin tābula. Doublet of طَاوُلَة (ṭāwula).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tˤabl/
* (later Andalusi) IPA: /tˤa.bal/, plural أَطْبَال (ʔaṭbāl)

#### Noun

طَبْل • (ṭabl) m (plural طُبُول (ṭubūl))
* territorial tax, property tax, known in (historical) al-Andalus and Egypt, taking the place of the original kharaj poll tax; also the tax register itself

##### Derived terms

* طَبَّلَ (ṭabbala, “to subject to territorial tax”)
** مُطَبَّل (muṭabbal, “subject to poll-tax”)
* تَطَبَّلَ (taṭabbala, “to be subject to poll-tax”)

### Etymology 4

Denominal verb from the noun طَبْل (ṭabl, “territorial tax”).

#### Verb

طَبَّلَ • (ṭabbala) II (non-past يُطَبِّلُ (yuṭabbilu), verbal noun تَطْبِيل (taṭbīl))
* to subject to territorial tax, to levy property tax from

##### Conjugation
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* طاول (davul), طاوول (davul), طائول (daʼul)

### Etymology

From Arabic طَبْل (ṭabl, “drum”), from Middle Iranian *tabir, tabil (“drum”); compare Persian تبیر (tabir, “drum”) and Old Armenian տաւիղ (tawił), also from Iranian.

### Noun

طبل • (tabl) (plural طبول or اطبال)
* drum, tom-tom, a percussive musical instrument

#### Derived terms

* طبلك (tablek, “small drum”)
* طبلی (tabli, “drum-like”)

### Further reading

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “طبل”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 799
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Tympanum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1708
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “طبل”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 3087–3088
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “طبل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1232

## Persian
### Etymology

From Arabic طَبْل (ṭabl), from Parthian 𐫎𐫁𐫏𐫓 (ṯbyl /⁠tabil⁠/). Compare تبیر (tabir, “drum”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [taβl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäbl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäbl]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰäbl]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰäbl̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæbl̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰäbl]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

طبل • (tabl) (plural طبل‌ها (tabl-hâ))
* drum

#### Related terms

* طبل زدن (tabl zadan)