# लोक
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लोक (loka). Doublet of लोग (log) and लोअ (loa).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /loːk/

### Noun

लोक • (lok) m (Urdu spelling لوک)
* public
    Synonym: जन (jan)
    हमारा नेता बड़ा धोखेबाज़ है, पर लोक द्वारा समर्थित है।hamārā netā baṛā dhokhebāz hai, par lok dvārā samarthit hai.Our leader is a cheat, but he is supported by the public.
* folk
    Synonym: लोग (log)
    यह चावल गाँव लोक से आते हैं।yah cāval gā̃v lok se āte ha͠i.This rice comes from the village folk.
* world
    मौत के समय पर, हर एक आदमी स्वर्ग-लोक पहुँचना चाहते हैं।maut ke samay par, har ek ādmī svarg-lok pahũcnā cāhte ha͠i.Each and every person wants to go to the world of paradise (heaven) upon their death.

#### Derived terms

* लोकतंत्र (loktantra)

#### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “लोक”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

## Konkani
### Noun

लोक • (lok) m (Latin script lok, Kannada script ಲೊಕ್)
* (plural only) people

## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit लोक (loká).

### Noun

लोक • (lok) m pl
* people, folk

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “लोक”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “लोक”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

## Old Awadhi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit लोक (loká).

### Noun

लोक (loka) (plural लोकन)
* world (countable)
** c. 1500s CE, Tulsīdās, Saṅkaṭmocan Hanumān Aṣṭak :तब तीनहुँ लोक भयो अँधियारो।taba tīnahum̐ loka bhayo am̐dhiyāro.Then, the three worlds turned dark

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* loka (Latin script)
* 𑀮𑁄𑀓 (Brahmi script)
* লোক (Bengali script)
* ලොක (Sinhalese script)
* လောက or လေႃၵ (Burmese script)
* โลก or โลกะ (Thai script)
* ᩃᩮᩣᨠ (Tai Tham script)
* ໂລກ or ໂລກະ (Lao script)
* លោក (Khmer script)
* 𑄣𑄮𑄇 (Chakma script)

### Noun

लोक m
* Devanagari script form of loka (“world”)

#### Declension
## Rajbanshi
### Noun

लोक (lok) (classifier ट, plural लोकला)
* man

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* লোক (Assamese script)
* ᬮᭀᬓ (Balinese script)
* লোক (Bengali script)
* 𑰩𑰺𑰎 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀮𑁄𑀓 (Brahmi script)
* လောက (Burmese script)
* લોક (Gujarati script)
* ਲੋਕ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌲𑍋𑌕 (Grantha script)
* ꦭꦺꦴꦏ (Javanese script)
* 𑂪𑂷𑂍 (Kaithi script)
* ಲೋಕ (Kannada script)
* លោក (Khmer script)
* ໂລກ (Lao script)
* ലോക (Malayalam script)
* ᠯᠣᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘩𑘻𑘎 (Modi script)
* ᠯᠣᠸᠠᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧉𑧜𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐮𑑀𑐎 (Newa script)
* ଲୋକ (Odia script)
* ꢭꣂꢒ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆬𑆾𑆑 (Sharada script)
* 𑖩𑖺𑖎 (Siddham script)
* ලොක (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩽𑩕𑩜 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚥𑚴𑚊 (Takri script)
* லோக (Tamil script)
* లోక (Telugu script)
* โลก (Thai script)
* ལོ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒪𑒼𑒏 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨬𑨆𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lowk-ó-s (open space), from *lewk- (“to shine”). Cognate with Latin lūcus (“sacred grove”), Lithuanian laũkas (“field”), Old English lēah (“open field, meadow”) (whence English lea).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /lɐw.kɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈl̪oː.kɐ/

### Noun

लोक • (loká) stem, m
* free or open space.
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.47.8.1:उ॒रुं नो॑ लो॒कम्अनु॑ नेषि वि॒द्वान्त्स्व॑र्व॒ज्ज्योति॒रभ॑यं स्व॒स्ति ।urúṃ no lokámánu neṣi vidvā́ntsvàrvajjyótirábhayaṃ svastí.Lead us to ample wide space, O thou who knowest, to happiness, security, and sunlight.
* world, realm; the earth or world of human beings.
* the inhabitants of the world, mankind, folk, people.
* men (as opposed to women).
* a company, community
* ordinary life, worldly affairs, common practice or usage.

#### Derived terms

* इन्द्रलोक (indraloka, “Indraloka, the realm of Indra”)
* त्रिलोक (triloka, “Triloka, the three worlds”)
* ब्रह्मालोक (brahmāloka, “Brahmaloka, the realm of Brahma”)
* भूलोक (bhūloka, “the Earth”)
* विष्णुलोक (viṣṇuloka, “Vishnuloka, the realm of Vishnu”)
* सत्यलोक (satyaloka, “the righteous world”)
* सप्तलोक (saptaloka, “the seven worlds”)
* लोकपाल (lokapāla)

#### Descendants

* Austronesian:
** → Balinese: ᬮᭀᬓ (loka)
** → Javanese: ꦭꦺꦴꦏ (loka, loko)
*** → Banyumasan: ꦭꦺꦴꦏ (lokak)
* Assamese: লোক (lük)
* Bengali: লোক (lōk)
* → Burmese: လောက (lau:ka.)
* Hindi: लोग (log), लोक (lok)
* Kashmiri: لوٗکھ (lūkh), لُکھ (lukh)
* → Lao: ໂລກ (lōk)
* → Malayalam: ലോകം (lōkaṁ), ഉലകം (ulakaṁ)
* → Mon: လောက (lòkaˀ)
* → Old Awadhi: (learned) loka
    Devanagari script: लोक
    Kaithi script: 𑂪𑂷𑂍
* → Odia: ଲୋକ (loka)
* → Parthian: (/⁠lōg⁠/, “world”)
    Manichaean script: 𐫓𐫇𐫃 (lwg)
* → Punjabi: ਲੋਕ (lok)
* → Sogdian: (/⁠δoka~loka, rok~lok⁠/, “world”)
    Buddhist Sogdian: [script needed] (δwkʾ), [script needed] (rwk)
* → Telugu: లోకము (lōkamu)
* → Tamil: லோகம் (lōkam), உலகம் (ulakam)
* → Thai: โลก (lôok)
* Urdu: لوگ (log)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “लोक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 906/1-2.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 481