# 泰

| 泰 | U+6CF0, &#27888; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CF0 |
| ← 泯 [U+6CEF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 泱 → [U+6CF1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

泰 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手大水 (QKE), four-corner 5013$_2$, composition ⿱𡗗氺)

#### Derived characters

* 傣, 㥭, 溙, 𣗘, 𪼃, 𬛍, 𰣏, 𬛴, 𫱸, 𫵧, 𬫳, 𩌉, 𦒰, 𭰣, 𦴼, 𫂐, 𠙲

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 618, character 15
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17325
* Dae Jaweon: page 1013, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1577, character 3
* Unihan data for U+6CF0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泰 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰaːds) : phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds, “big; great”) + semantic 廾 (“two hands”) + semantic 水 (“water”). A more conservative variant is 𡙌. The 大 and 廾 later fused into 𡗗. Its original meaning according to Shuowen Jiezi was "to slip", perhaps with a reference to seize something wet or to seize a liquid with bare hands. Then it became "too <much>", which was written either as 太 or 𡙌 > 泰 or as its variant 冭, perhaps due to the influence of its pronunciation and/or the top component of the character, which has a reference to a great quantity (hence it adds part of the meaning).

### Etymology

Same word as 太 (OC *tʰaːds, “great; greatest; excessive”); both are derived from 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds, “big”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tài (tai$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taai$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thai
    (Meixian, Guangdong): tai$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): tuo̿i
* Eastern Min (BUC): tái
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tai$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thòa / thài
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tai$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tha
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tài
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tài
*** Wade–Giles: tʻai$^4$
*** Yale: tài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tay
*** Palladius: тай (taj)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taai$^3$
*** Yale: taai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːi̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai
*** Hakka Romanization System: tai
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: tai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰaɪ⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tuo̿i
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰuɛ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tái
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑi²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰai⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòa / thài
*** Tâi-lô: thuà / thài
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toax, taix
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰua²¹/, /tʰai²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰua⁴¹/, /tʰai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰua²¹/, /tʰai²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰua¹¹/, /tʰai¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰua²¹/, /tʰai²¹/
* thoà - vernacular;
* thài - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit泰 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /tʰai⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /tʰai⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /tʰai⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /tʰɛ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tʰɛ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /tʰai³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /tʰai⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /tʰɛ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /tʰɛ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /tʰɛ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /tʰai²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /tʰai³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /tʰai¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /tʰai²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /tʰæ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /tʰae⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /tʰe̞⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /tʰai⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /tʰæ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /tʰɛ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /tʰa³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /tʰɑ⁵¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /tʰe̞⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /tʰa⁴²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /tʰa³²⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /tʰa⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /tʰai⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /tʰai⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /tʰai²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /tʰai⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʰɑi⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tʰai³³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /tʰai³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /tʰai³³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tʰai²¹/ /tʰua²¹/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰɑi²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tʰuɛ³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /tʰai²¹³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /hai³⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: thajH
Rime :
| Character | 泰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (25) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 他蓋切 |
| Baxter | thajH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰɑi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰɑi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɑi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰɑi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰɑi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰɑi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤa[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 泰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ thaj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ˁa[t]-s/ |
| English | great |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 泰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12313 |
| Phonetic component | 泰 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 泰 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰaːds/ |

### Definitions

泰
* big; large
* great; extensive
* extreme; greatest
* exalted; honourable; superior
* good; excellent
* safe; peaceful; stable
* excessively; overly
* 11th hexagram of the I Ching
* Short for 泰國／泰国 (Tàiguó, “Thailand”).
* a surname

### Compounds

* 三陽交泰 / 三阳交泰
* 三陽開泰 / 三阳开泰
* 不識泰山 / 不识泰山
* 交泰
* 人猿泰山
* 倒持泰阿
* 加泰 (Jiātài)
* 去泰去甚
* 去甚去泰
* 否去泰來 / 否去泰来
* 否往泰來 / 否往泰来
* 否極必泰 / 否极必泰
* 否極泰來 / 否极泰来 (pǐjítàilái)
* 否極生泰 / 否极生泰
* 否泰
* 否終而泰 / 否终而泰
* 國泰民安 / 国泰民安 (guótàimín'ān)
* 天地交泰
* 奢泰
* 安如泰山 (ānrútàishān)
* 宇文泰
* 安於泰山 / 安于泰山
* 安泰 (āntài)
* 安若泰山
* 富泰 (fùtài)
* 康泰 (kāngtài)
* 心安神泰
* 托爾斯泰 / 托尔斯泰 (Tuō'ěrsītài)
* 持盈保泰
* 政躬康泰
* 時通運泰 / 时通运泰
* 景泰 (Jǐngtài)
* 景泰藍 / 景泰蓝 (jǐngtàilán)
* 死重泰山
* 民安國泰 / 民安国泰
* 泰一 (tàiyī)
* 泰交
* 泰伯
* 泰來否往 / 泰来否往
* 泰元
* 泰初
* 泰加 (tàijiā)
* 泰加林 (tàijiālín)
* 泰加森林
* 泰勒制度
* 泰北 (Tàiběi)
* 泰半 (tàibàn)
* 泰南 (Tàinán)
* 泰國 / 泰国 (Tàiguó)
* 泰國勞工 / 泰国劳工
* 泰國拳 / 泰国拳
* 泰國新娘 / 泰国新娘
* 泰坦族
* 泰壇 / 泰坛
* 泰始
* 泰安 (Tài'ān)
* 泰定
* 泰山 (Tàishān)
* 泰山之安
* 泰山其頹 / 泰山其颓
* 泰山刻石
* 泰山北斗 (tàishānběidǒu)
* 泰山可倚
* 泰山壓卵 / 泰山压卵
* 泰山壓頂 / 泰山压顶
* 泰山娘娘
* 泰山梁木
* 泰山磐石
* 泰山若厲 / 泰山若厉
* 泰山鴻毛 / 泰山鸿毛
* 泰州 (Tàizhōu)
* 泰常
* 泰平 (tàipíng)
* 泰恩 (Tài'ēn)
* 泰戈爾 / 泰戈尔 (Tàigē'ěr)
* 泰拳 (tàiquán)
* 泰斗 (tàidǒu)
* 泰昌 (Tàichāng)
* 泰晤士河 (Tàiwùshì Hé)
* 泰極而否 / 泰极而否
* 泰武 (Tàiwǔ)
* 泰水
* 泰清
* 泰然 (tàirán)
* 泰然居之
* 泰然自若 (tàiránzìruò)
* 泰然處之 / 泰然处之 (tàiránchǔzhī)
* 泰王國 / 泰王国 (Tàiwángguó)
* 泰皇
* 泰簿礁 (Tàibùjiāo)
* 泰系各族
* 泰納 / 泰纳
* 泰納克 / 泰纳克 (Tàinàkè)
* 泰綺絲 / 泰绮丝
* 泰西 (Tàixī)
* 泰誓
* 泰語 / 泰语 (tàiyǔ)
* 泰豫
* 泰辰
* 泰阿
* 泰阿倒持
* 泰階 / 泰阶
* 泰階平 / 泰阶平
* 泰雅族 (tàiyǎzú)
* 發跡變泰 / 发迹变泰
* 穩如泰山 / 稳如泰山 (wěnrútàishān)
* 華倫泰節 / 华伦泰节
* 處之泰然 / 处之泰然
* 變泰 / 变泰
* 身名俱泰
* 通泰
* 鄂爾泰 / 鄂尔泰
* 重於泰山 / 重于泰山 (zhòng yú Tàishān)
* 長泰 / 长泰 (Chángtài)
* 開泰 / 开泰
* 阿爾泰山 / 阿尔泰山 (Ā'ěrtài Shān)
* 鴻毛泰山 / 鸿毛泰山

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* peaceful, calm
* Thailand

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): たい (tai, Jōyō)
* Kun: やすい (yasui, 泰い)、おおきい (ōkii)、おごる (ogoru, 泰る)

### Definitions

* Kanji in this term
* 泰
* たい Grade: S
* on'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 泰 – see the following entry. :
| 【タイ】 | [proper noun] Thailand (a country in Southeast Asia) |
(This term, 泰, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Proper noun

泰(やすし) • (Yasushi)
* a male given name

## Korean
### Hanja

泰 • (tae) (hangeul 태)
* Tai (ethnic group)
* Thai

#### Compounds

* 泰拳
* 泰然
* 泰山
* 泰國

## Vietnamese
### Han character

泰: Hán Nôm readings: Thái
* Tai (ethnic group)
* Thai; Thailand