# 冓

| 冓 | U+5193, &#20883; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5193 |
| ← 冒 [U+5192] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 冔 → [U+5194] |

## Translingual
### Han character

冓 (Kangxi radical 13, 冂+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿廿土月 (TTGB), four-corner 5555$_7$, composition ⿱𠀎冉)

#### Derived characters

* 傋, 㗕, 𡏞, 媾, 𡻉, 㡚, 𢔵, 𢞡, 搆, 溝, 𤠰, 𬿗, 𢲱, 䐟, 構, 煹, 𪺱, 遘, 𥉇, 䃓, 𥠾, 𦃪, 耩, 𦩷, 褠, 講, 購, 𧽝, 𮜂, 𨪋, 鞲, 韝(𫖕)
* 𠞣, 𠢉, 斠, 覯(觏), 𠨊, 顜, 𪃺, 𨽩, 㝤, 𦵷, 𥧒, 篝, 𥻰, 𨤚, 𭔝, 𩄢

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 129, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1540
* Dae Jaweon: page 291, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 100, character 17
* Unihan data for U+5193

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 冓 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 溝 | *koː |
| 篝 | *koː |
| 鞲 | *koː |
| 韝 | *koː, *kʰoː |
| 褠 | *koː |
| 冓 | *koː, *koːs |
| 構 | *koːs |
| 購 | *koːs |
| 媾 | *koːs |
| 覯 | *koːs |
| 遘 | *koːs, *koːs |
| 煹 | *koːs |
| 搆 | *koːs |
| 講 | *kroːŋʔ |
| 耩 | *kroːŋʔ |
| 傋 | *kroːŋʔ, *qʰroːŋʔ |
| 斠 | *kroːɡ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) – two fish (魚) with their mouths facing each other – original script of 遘 (OC *koːs, *koːs, “to meet; to encounter”).
The erroneous interpretation of "crossly accumulated woods" given in Shuowen is a result of the corruption of the form of the character after Western Zhou.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gòu (gou$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gau$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gòu
*** Wade–Giles: kou$^4$
*** Yale: gòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gow
*** Palladius: гоу (gou)
*** Sinological IPA : /koʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gau$^3$
*** Yale: gau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gau$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: geo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐu̯³³/
* Middle Chinese: kuwH
Rime :
| Character | 冓 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古候切 |
| Baxter | kuwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kəu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ku$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kəu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gòu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gau$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤ(r)o-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*koːs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 冓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gòu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kuw$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*kˁ(r)o-s/ |
| English | 中冓 inner chamber |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 冓 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 4196 |
| Phonetic component | 冓 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 遘 |
| Old Chinese | /*koːs/ |

#### Definitions

冓
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 遘 (gòu, “to meet”).
    From: 合29807
    Qí mù bù gòu yǔ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (historical dictionaries only) crossly accumulated woods
* Used in 內冓／内冓 (“inner chamber”).

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōu (gou$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄡ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gou
*** Wade–Giles: kou$^1$
*** Yale: gōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gou
*** Palladius: гоу (gou)
*** Sinological IPA : /koʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: kuw
Rime :
| Character | 冓 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古侯切 |
| Baxter | kuw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kəu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kəu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəw/ |
| Li Rong | /ku/ |
| Wang Li | /kəu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gōu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gau$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*koː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 冓 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 4190 |
| Phonetic component | 冓 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鉤 |
| Old Chinese | /*koː/ |

#### Definitions

冓
* Alternative form of 溝 / 沟 (“a numeral that refers to 10$^{32}$ or others”)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ka̍uh
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka̍uh
*** Tâi-lô: ka̍uh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kauh
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kauʔ¹²¹/

#### Definitions

冓
* (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to roll; to trundle
* (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to nag; to chatter; to prattle; to go on and on; to talk on and on

#### Synonyms

* (to roll): 滾／滚 (gǔn)
* (to nag): 嘮叨／唠叨 (láodāo), 饒舌／饶舌 (ráoshé); (Hokkien) 譟／噪

### References

* “冓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* To combine, to join up, to join together, to dovetail together.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): こう (kō)
* Kun: くむ (kumu)、くみあわす (kumiawasu)、かまえる (kamaeru)

## Korean
### Hanja

冓 (eum 구 (gu))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

冓: Hán Nôm readings: cấu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.