# لسان
## Arabic
### Etymology

From the root ل س ن (l s n). From Proto-Semitic *lišān-.
Cognate with Hebrew לָשׁוֹן (lashón).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /li.saːn/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

لِسَان • (lisān) m or f (plural أَلْسِنَة (ʔalsina) or أَلْسُن (ʔalsun))
* (anatomy) tongue
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 90:8-10:أَلَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُ عَيْنَيْنِ / وَلِسَانًا وَشَفَتَيْنِ / وَهَدَيْنَاهُ النَّجْدَيْنِʔalam najʕal lahū ʕaynayni / walisānan wašafatayni / wahadaynāhu n-najdayni(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (metonymically) language
    Synonym: لُغَة (luḡa)
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 30:22:وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ خَلْقُ ٱلسَّمَاوَاتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَٱخْتِلَافُ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَأَلْوَانِكُمْwamin ʔāyātihī ḵalqu s-samāwāti wal-ʔarḍi waḵtilāfu ʔalsinatikum waʔalwānikumAnd one of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the diversity of your languages and colours.
* (metonymically) speech
* letter, missive
* tongue of a balance

#### Derived terms

* لِسَانًا (lisānan, “orally, verbally”)
* لِسَانِيّ (lisāniyy, “oral, verbal”)
** لِسَانِيَّات (lisāniyyāt, “linguistics”)

#### Related terms

* لَسِنَ (lasina)
* لَسَّنَ (lassana)

#### Descendants

* Iraqi Arabic: لسان (lsān)
* Gulf Arabic: لسان (lsān)
* Maltese: lsien
* Moroccan Arabic: لسان (lsān)
* → Azerbaijani: lisan
* → Malay: lisan
** Indonesian: lisan
* → Ottoman Turkish: لسان (lisân)
** Turkish: lisan
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: लिसान (lisān)
    Urdu: لسان (lisân)

#### References

* Wehr, Hans (1979) “لسن”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
* Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “لسان”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), Paris: Maisonneuve et C$^{ie}$

## Gujarati
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Noun

لسان • (lisān) f (Standard Gujarati લિસાન) (Lisan ud-Dawat)
* tongue
* language

## Gulf Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Noun

لسان • (lsān) f (plural لسانات (lsānāt))
* (anatomy) tongue

## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* ل س ن
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /li.ˈsaːn/, [lɪ.ˈsaːn]

### Noun

لسان • (lisān) m (plural لسن (lusun) or ألسنة (ʔalsina))
* (anatomy) tongue

## Iraqi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Noun

لسان (lsān) f (plural لسانات (lsānāt) or ألسنة (alsina))
* (anatomy) tongue

## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lsaːn/

### Noun

لسان • (lsān) m (plural لسانات (lsānāt))
* (anatomy) tongue

## North Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Noun

لسان • (lsān) m (plural لسانات (lsānāt))
* (anatomy) tongue

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Noun

لسان • (lisan) (definite accusative لسانی (lisanı), plural السنه (elsine) or لسانلر (lisanlar))
* language
* tongue

#### Derived terms

* لسانجه (lisanca)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: lisan

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [li.ˈsɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [lɪ.sɑ́ːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [lɪ.sɑ́ːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [lɪ.sɑ́ːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [li.sɔ́ːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [le.sɒ́ːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [li.sɔ́n]

### Noun

| Dari | لسان |
| Iranian Persian | لسان |
| Tajik | лисон |
لسان • (lesân) (plural السنه (alsene) or لسان‌ها (lesân-hâ))
* language
    Synonym: زبان (zabân)
* (anatomy) tongue
    Synonym: زبان (zabân)

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ل س ن
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lsaːn/, [(ɪ)lˈsæːn]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

لسان • (lsān) m (plural لسانات (lsānāt))
* tongue

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian لِسَان (lisān), from Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /lɪ.sɑːn/

### Noun

لِسان • (lisān) f (Hindi spelling लिसान)
* (anatomy) tongue
    Synonyms: جِیبھ (jībh), زُبان (zubān)
* language
    Synonyms: زُبان (zubān), بولِی (bolī), بھاکھا (bhākhā), بھاشا (bhāśā)

#### Declension

Declension of لسان :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | لسان (lisān) | لسانیں (lisānẽ) |
| oblique | لسان (lisān) | لسانوں (lisānõ) |
| vocative | لسان (lisān) | لسانو (lisāno) |