# dalīt
## Latvian
### Etymology

Originally the causative form of an earlier verb *dalt, *delt, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dalˀīti, from Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to cut, to split, to hew”). Cognates include Lithuanian dalýti, dalìnti, Old Prussian dellieis (< *deliyeis, imperative), Proto-Slavic *delěti (“to overcome”) (and its ablaut action noun Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian до́ля (dólja, “part, share”), Polish dola), Sanskrit दलति (dálati, “to explode, to burst”), दलयति (daláyati, “to cause to burst; to slice”), Latin dolō (“to chop into shape, to fashion, to devise”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dalîːt]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

dalīt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present dalu, dali, dala, past dalīju)
* to divide, to split (to act on a whole in such a way that it becomes a set of separate parts; to be a border separating the parts of a whole)
    dalīt gabalos ― to divide (something) into pieces
    dalīt olu uz pusēm ― to divide, split an egg in half
    dalīt ābolu četrās daļās ― to divide an apple into four parts
    dalīt vārdu zilbēs ― to divide, split a word into syllables
    malkas grēda dalīja pagalmu divās daļās ― the woodpile divided the courtyard into two parts
* to divide, to split, to share (to assign a part of something to every member of a certain group)
    dalīt mantu ― to divide the property
    dalīt peļņu ― to share the profits
    dalīt laupījumu ― to split the booty
    dalīt kārtis ― to deal the cards
    dalīta uzmanība ― divided attention
    dalīt bērniem brokastis ― to give the children breakfast (lit. to divide breakfast (among) the children)
    sākumā viņš savu brīvo laiku dalīja starp šo grāmatu un veco harmoniju kaktā ― at first he divided his free time between this book and the old harmonium in the corner
* to share (to allow someone else to have a part of, or to have access to, something one owns; to use something together with someone else; to experience something together with someone else)
    dalīt pusdienu maizi ar biedriem ― to share (one's) lunch bread with (one's) comrades
    dalīt priekus un bēdas ― to share joys and sorrows
    dalītas bēdas ir pusbēdas ― shared sorrows are (only) half sorrows
    darba zemnieks dalīja ar partizāniem savu trūcīgo uzturu un apģērbu, cenšoties atdot cīnītājiem vienmēr labāko tiesu ― the working farmer shared with the partisans his poor food and clothes, trying to give to the fighters always the best part
* to divide, to subdivide, to group, to classify (to assign things, people, etc. to different groups, categories)
    dalīt darbus patīkamos un nepatīkamos ― to divide works, chores into pleasant and unpleasant
    dzīvniekus dala mugurkaulniekos un bezmugurkaulniekos ― (one) divides, classifies animals into vertebrates and invertebrates
    Ņūtons bija spiests dalīt telpu absolūtā telpā un parastā jeb relatīvā telpā ― Newton was forced to divide space into absolute space and normal or relative space
* (usually in participial form) divided, split, mixed (not fully dedicated to one thing; opposed to itself; contradictory)
    dažkārt domas visai dalītas: kas vienam liekas gluži labs, to otrs atzīst par viduvēju ― sometimes everybody's thoughts (are) divided: one (thought) seems to one (person) to be really good, the next (thought) really mediocre
    pirmo grāmatu bieži vien saņemam ar dalītām jūtām: prieks par jauna talanta parādīšanos mijas ar šaubām, vai nepievilsimies ― we often receive a first book with mixed feelings: joy for the appearance of a new talent mixed with doubts about whether we will be eventually disappointed
* (arithmetic) to divide (to carry out numeric division)
    dalīt un reizināt ― to divide and to multiply
    divpadsmit dalīt ar trīs ― to divide twelve by three

#### Derived terms

    prefixed verbs:
* atdalīt
* iedalīt
* izdalīt
* nodalīt
* padalīt
* pārdalīt
* piedalīt
* sadalīt
    other derived terms:
* dalāms
* dalījums
* dalītājs, dalītāja
* dalīties

#### Related terms

* dalāmība
* dalība, dalībnieks, dalībniece
* daļa

### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “dalyti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 114
* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “dalīt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN