# 觸

| 觸 | U+89F8, &#35320; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-89F8 |
| ← 觷 [U+89F7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 觹 → [U+89F9] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 触 |
| Simplified | 触 |
| Traditional | 觸 |

### Han character

觸 (Kangxi radical 148, 角+13, 20 strokes, cangjie input 弓月田中戈 (NBWLI), four-corner 2622$_7$, composition ⿰角蜀)

#### Derived characters

* 𫬼, 𧥔

#### Related characters

* 触 (Simplified Chinese and Japanese shinjitai)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1145, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35181
* Dae Jaweon: page 1611, character 30
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3933, character 11
* Unihan data for U+89F8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 觸 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 襡 | *toːʔ, *toːɡs, *doːʔ, *doːɡ, *djoɡ |
| 噣 | *toːɡs, *tuɡs, *rtoːɡ, *tjoɡ |
| 斣 | *toːɡs |
| 歜 | *sdoːmʔ, *tʰjoɡ |
| 斀 | *rtoːɡ |
| 孎 | *rtoːɡ, *toɡ |
| 濁 | *rdoːɡ |
| 鐲 | *rdoːɡ, *zroːɡ, *djoɡ |
| 鸀 | *rdoːɡ, *tjoɡ |
| 擉 | *sʰroːɡ |
| 獨 | *doːɡ |
| 髑 | *doːɡ |
| 韣 | *doːɡ, *tjoɡ, *djoɡ |
| 斸 | *toɡ |
| 钃 | *toɡ |
| 欘 | *toɡ |
| 躅 | *doɡ |
| 蠋 | *doɡ, *tjoɡ |
| 燭 | *tjoɡ |
| 囑 | *tjoɡ |
| 矚 | *tjoɡ |
| 屬 | *tjoɡ, *djoɡ |
| 属 | *tjoɡ, *djoɡ |
| 蠾 | *tjoɡ, *djoɡ |
| 觸 | *tʰjoɡ |
| 臅 | *tʰjoɡ |
| 觕 | *sʰlaː, *zlaːʔ, *tʰjoɡ |
| 蜀 | *djoɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰjoɡ): semantic 角 + phonetic 蜀 (OC *djoɡ).

### Etymology

Compare Tibetan གཏུག (gtug, “to meet; to touch”) (Hill, 2019). An older theory by STEDT compares the word with Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/r-tuk (“to cut, knock, pound”), and compares the first two syllables of Burmese တောက်တောက်ကြော် (tauktaukkrau, “fried minced meat”), as well as a wide range of Sinitic words:
* 擣 (OC *tuːʔ, “to beat, pound rice”)
* 殊 (OC *to, *djo, “to cut off, die”)
* 祝 (OC *tjuɡs, *tjuɡ, “to cut off, pray”)
* 斵, 斫 (OC *tjaɡ, “to chop, carve, chisel, break open”)
* 椓 (“to beat, strike”)
* 啄 (OC *rtoːɡ, *toːɡ, “to peck”)
* 斀 (OC *rtoːɡ, “to castrate”)
* 誅 (OC *to, “to reprove, punish, kill”)
* 咮 (OC *tu, *tus, *tos, *tjo, “beak; to peck”)
* 斸 (OC *toɡ, “to cut, cut out”)
The internet slang sense is a phonetic borrowing from English true.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): chù (chu$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zu$^2$ / cu$^3$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): pfú
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): chůq
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zuk$^1$ / cuk$^1$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): cuk$^7$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): cuuk$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): cuh$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhuk
    (Hailu, HRS): chug
    (Meixian, Guangdong): cug$^5$
* Jin (Wiktionary): cueh$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): chŭ / chṳ̆
* Eastern Min (BUC): ché̤ṳk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): coeh$^6$ / cyeh$^6$ / tah$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhiok / tak / chhek
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cog$^4$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): cog$^4$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): coek$^2$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^7$tshoq
** (Jinhua): $^7$chioq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): chou$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chù
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chù
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^4$
*** Yale: chù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuh
*** Palladius: чу (ču)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zu$^2$ / cu$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zu / cu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su²¹/, /t͡sʰu⁵³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: pfú
*** Sinological IPA : /p͡fʰu²⁴/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: chůq
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): chuq$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰuʔ⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zuk$^1$ / cuk$^1$
*** Yale: jūk / chūk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk$^7$ / tsuk$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zug$^1$ / cug$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊk̚⁵/, /t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: cuk$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰʊk̚⁴⁴/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: cuuk$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵk̚⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: cuh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuʔ⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhuk
*** Hakka Romanization System: cug$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cug$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuk̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: chug
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰuk⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: cug$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊk̚¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: cueh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰuəʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chŭ / chṳ̆
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰu²⁴/, /t͡sʰy²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ché̤ṳk
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰøyʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: coeh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰœʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cyeh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰyøʔ²/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tah$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tah$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaʔ²/
* coeh6/cyeh6 - literary;
* tah6 - vernacular (“to butt; to argue”).
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit觸 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sʰu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂu²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /p͡fu²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʈ͡ʂv̩²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /p͡fu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡sʰəu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡su³¹/ /t͡sʰu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡su²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂu³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰuʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂuəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡suəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡suʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡suəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰoʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡sʰoʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sʰoʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡ɕʰo²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰuʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰio⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʈ͡ʂʰəu²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂʰəɯ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰuʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰuk̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʃuk̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰok̚⁵/ /t͡sok̚⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sʰuk̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡suk̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sʰouʔ²³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sʰu²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sʰok̚²/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /sok̚⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: tsyhowk
Rime :
| Character | 觸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) |
| Final (韻) | 燭 (8) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 尺玉切 |
| Baxter | tsyhowk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕʰɨok̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕʰiok̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕʰiok̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cʰuawk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕʰiok̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕʰĭwok̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕʰi̯wok̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cuk$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰok/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjoɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 觸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyhowk › |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰok/ |
| English | knock against |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 觸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11838 |
| Phonetic component | 蜀 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 觸 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰjoɡ/ |

### Definitions

觸
* to touch; to come in contact with
* to butt; to ram; to gore (as with animal horns)
* to affront; to offend; to violate
* to stir up; to invoke; to cause (feelings, etc.)
* (Hokkien, Puxian Min) to argue; to have a row; to come to blows; to scuffle
* (Hokkien) to come into contact with a hard object (stone, horns, etc.)
* (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) to take a bit of notes (with a pen or pencil)
* a surname
* (Taiwan, Internet slang) true (interjection of approval)

### Compounds

* 一觸即潰 / 一触即溃 (yīchùjíkuì)
* 一觸即發 / 一触即发 (yīchùjífā)
* 孤犢觸乳 / 孤犊触乳
* 感觸 / 感触 (gǎnchù)
* 抵觸 / 抵触 (dǐchù)
* 指觸 / 指触
* 接觸 / 接触 (jiēchù)
* 接觸傳染 / 接触传染
* 接觸力 / 接触力
* 搖手觸禁 / 摇手触禁
* 棖觸 / 枨触 (chéngchù)
* 牴觸 / 抵触 (dǐchù)
* 直接接觸 / 直接接触
* 碰觸 / 碰触 (pèngchù)
* 筆觸 / 笔触 (bǐchù)
* 羊觸藩籬 / 羊触藩篱
* 羝羊觸藩 / 羝羊触藩
* 蠻觸 / 蛮触
* 蠻觸之爭 / 蛮触之争
* 蠻觸相爭 / 蛮触相争
* 觸事面牆 / 触事面墙
* 觸冒 / 触冒
* 觸動 / 触动 (chùdòng)
* 觸及 / 触及 (chùjí)
* 觸媒 / 触媒 (chùméi)
* 觸山之力 / 触山之力
* 觸怒 / 触怒 (chùnù)
* 觸手 / 触手 (chùshǒu)
* 觸手可及 / 触手可及 (chùshǒukějí)
* 觸摸 / 触摸 (chùmō)
* 觸暑 / 触暑
* 觸景傷情 / 触景伤情 (chùjǐngshāngqíng)
* 觸景傷懷 / 触景伤怀
* 觸景生情 / 触景生情 (chùjǐngshēngqíng)
* 觸景生懷 / 触景生怀
* 觸桶 / 触桶
* 觸機 / 触机
* 觸機落阱 / 触机落阱
* 觸殺 / 触杀
* 觸毛 / 触毛
* 觸法 / 触法 (chùfǎ)
* 觸物傷情 / 触物伤情
* 觸犯 / 触犯 (chùfàn)
* 觸痛 / 触痛 (chùtòng)
* 觸發 / 触发 (chùfā)
* 觸目 / 触目 (chùmù)
* 觸目傷心 / 触目伤心
* 觸目崩心 / 触目崩心
* 觸目慟心 / 触目恸心
* 觸目成誦 / 触目成诵
* 觸目所及 / 触目所及
* 觸目皆是 / 触目皆是
* 觸目警心 / 触目警心
* 觸目駭心 / 触目骇心
* 觸目驚心 / 触目惊心 (chùmùjīngxīn)
* 觸眼 / 触眼 (chùyǎn)
* 觸礁 / 触礁 (chùjiāo)
* 觸禁犯忌 / 触禁犯忌
* 觸突 / 触突
* 觸網 / 触网
* 觸脣 / 触唇
* 觸興 / 触兴
* 觸舌 / 触舌 (tak-chi̍h) (Min Nan)
* 觸處 / 触处
* 觸蠻 / 触蛮
* 觸覺 / 触觉 (chùjué)
* 觸角 / 触角 (chùjiǎo)
* 觸診 / 触诊 (chùzhěn)
* 觸讋 / 触詟
* 觸身 / 触身
* 觸身球 / 触身球
* 觸逆 / 触逆
* 觸電 / 触电 (chùdiàn)
* 觸霉頭 / 触霉头
* 觸類旁通 / 触类旁通 (chùlèipángtōng)
* 觸類而長 / 触类而长
* 觸鬚 / 触须 (chùxū)
* 觸鼻 / 触鼻
* 鉏麑觸槐 / 锄麑触槐

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 触 |
| Kyūjitai | 觸 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 触)
* to touch; to contact

#### Readings

* Go-on: そく (soku)
* Kan-on: しょく (shoku)
* Kun: ふれる (fureru, 觸れる)、さわる (sawaru, 觸る)、ふれ (fure)

## Korean
### Hanja

觸 • (chok) (hangeul 촉, revised chok, McCune–Reischauer ch'ok, Yale chok)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.