# 蕩

| 蕩 | U+8569, &#34153; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8569 |
| ← 蕨 [U+8568] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蕪 → [U+856A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蕩 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿水日竹 (TEAH), four-corner 4412$_7$, composition ⿱艹湯)

#### Derived characters

* 𢥉, 𥗔

#### Descendants

* 荡 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1058, character 42
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32002
* Dae Jaweon: page 1521, character 27
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3295, character 16
* Unihan data for U+8569

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 湯 | *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ |
| 踼 | *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋʔ, *l'aːŋ, *l'aːŋs |
| 蝪 | *l̥ʰaːŋ |
| 薚 | *l̥ʰaːŋ |
| 簜 | *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l'aːŋʔ |
| 盪 | *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ |
| 偒 | *l̥ʰaːŋʔ |
| 蕩 | *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ |
| 燙 | *l̥ʰaːŋs |
| 啺 | *l'aːŋ |
| 碭 | *l'aːŋ, *l'aːŋs |
| 婸 | *l'aːŋʔ |
| 愓 | *l'aːŋʔ |
| 璗 | *l'aːŋʔ |
| 崵 | *l'aːŋʔ, *laŋ |
| 逿 | *l'aːŋs |
| 暢 | *l̥ʰaŋs |
| 畼 | *l̥ʰaŋs |
| 腸 | *l'aŋ |
| 場 | *l'aŋ |
| 傷 | *hljaŋ, *hljaŋs |
| 殤 | *hljaŋ |
| 觴 | *hljaŋ |
| 慯 | *hljaŋ, *hljaŋs |
| 禓 | *hljaŋ, *laŋ |
| 塲 | *hljaŋ |
| 陽 | *laŋ |
| 楊 | *laŋ |
| 揚 | *laŋ |
| 瘍 | *laŋ |
| 煬 | *laŋ, *laŋs |
| 鍚 | *laŋ |
| 暘 | *laŋ |
| 颺 | *laŋ, *laŋs |
| 昜 | *laŋ |
| 輰 | *laŋ |
| 敭 | *laŋ |
| 鰑 | *laŋ |
| 諹 | *laŋ, *laŋs |
| 瑒 | *laŋ, *rlaːŋʔ |
| 鸉 | *laŋ |
| 餳 | *ljaːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 湯 (OC *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàng (dang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄤˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dong$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ong$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thong
    (Hailu, HRS): tong$^˖$
* Northern Min (KCR): dō̤ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): dâung
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dorng$^5$ / dung$^5$ / dng$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tǒng / tōng / tňg / tn̄g
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dang$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$daon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàng
*** Wade–Giles: tang$^4$
*** Yale: dàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: danq
*** Palladius: дан (dan)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dong$^6$
*** Yale: dohng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dong$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dong$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔːŋ²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ong$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔŋ³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thong
*** Hakka Romanization System: tong
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰoŋ⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: tong$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰoŋ³³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dō̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dâung
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑuŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dorng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɒŋ²¹/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dung$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tuŋ²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tŋ̍²¹/
* dorng5 - literary;
* dung5/dng5 - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: dangX, thangH
Rime :
| Character | 蕩 | 蕩 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 徒朗切 | 他浪切 |
| Baxter | dangX | thangH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑŋ$^X$/ | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑŋ$^X$/ | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑŋ$^X$/ | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /daŋ$^X$/ | /tʰaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑŋ$^X$/ | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑŋ$^X$/ | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑŋ$^X$/ | /tʰɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dàng | tàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dong$^6$ | tong$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*N.rˤaŋʔ/, /*lˤaŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːŋs/, /*l'aːŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 蕩 | 蕩 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dàng | dàng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dang$^X$ › | ‹ dang$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*N.rˁaŋʔ/ | /*lˁaŋ-s/ |
| English | beat furiously (of the heart) | throw out, purify from |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蕩 | 蕩 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 14561 | 14569 |
| Phonetic component | 昜 | 昜 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 儻 | 蕩 |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ʰaːŋs/ | /*l'aːŋʔ/ |

### Definitions

蕩
* to sway; to swing
    蕩槳／荡桨 ― dàng jiǎng ― to swing an oar
* (literary, or in compounds) to wash away; to cleanse
* (literary, or in compounds) to clear away; to eliminate
    傾家蕩產／倾家荡产 ― qīngjiādàngchǎn ― to exhaust all of a family's financial resources; to break the bank
* to wander; to roam
    遊蕩／游荡 ― yóudàng ― to loaf about; to wander
       yītiāndàowǎn zài jiē shàng dàng lái dàng qù [Pinyin]
       to loiter on the streets all day
* (literary, or in compounds) vast and wide; broad and expansive
* (literary, or in compounds) flat; level; smooth
* (literary, or in compounds) unconstrained and doing whatever one wants
    蕩婦／荡妇 ― dàngfù ― loose woman; slut

#### Synonyms

* (to sway):
* 振
* 搖動 / 摇动 (yáodòng)
* 搖擺 / 摇摆 (yáobǎi)
* 搖晃 / 摇晃
* 搖曳 / 摇曳 (yáoyè)
* 搖蕩 / 摇荡 (yáodàng)
* 搖顯 / 摇显 (Hokkien)
* 摵 (Hokkien)
* 擺動 / 摆动 (bǎidòng)
* 晃動 / 晃动 (huàngdòng)
* 舞動 / 舞动 (wǔdòng)
* 閃 / 闪 (shǎn)
* (to wash away): 沖洗／冲洗 (chōngxǐ)
* (to clear away):
* 免
* 免除 (miǎnchú)
* 刷 (colloquial)
* 削 (literary, or in compounds)
* 削除 (xuēchú)
* 去掉 (qùdiào)
* 去除 (qùchú)
* 報銷 / 报销 (bàoxiāo) (figurative, humorous)
* 屏除 (bǐngchú)
* 廓清 (kuòqīng)
* 打掉 (dǎdiào)
* 掃 / 扫
* 排解 (páijiě)
* 掃除 / 扫除 (sǎochú) (figurative)
* 排除 (páichú)
* 摒除 (bìngchú)
* 撤 (chè)
* 撤除 (chèchú)
* 消 (xiāo)
* 消弭 (xiāomǐ) (literary)
* 消解 (xiāojiě)
* 消釋 / 消释 (xiāoshì) (figurative)
* 消除 (xiāochú)
* 淘汰 (táotài)
* 清洗 (qīngxǐ) (figurative)
* 清除 (qīngchú)
* 破 (pò) (literary, or in compounds)
* 破壞 / 破坏 (pòhuài)
* 破除 (pòchú)
* 祛除 (qūchú)
* 罷 / 罢
* 翦落 (jiǎnluò) (literary)
* 肅清 / 肃清 (sùqīng)
* 解釋 / 解释 (jiěshì) (archaic)
* 解除 (jiěchú)
* 鋤 / 锄 (chú)
* 鏟除 / 铲除 (chǎnchú)
* 除
* 除去 (chúqù)
* 除忒 (Hakka)
* 除掉 (chúdiào)
* 除開 / 除开 (chúkāi)
* 革除 (géchú)
* 驅散 / 驱散 (qūsàn)
* 驅走 / 驱走 (qūzǒu)
* 驅除 / 驱除 (qūchú)
* (to wander):
* 信步 (xìnbù)
* 攏趖 / 拢趖 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 散步 (sànbù)
* 溜達 / 溜达 (colloquial)
* 漫步 (mànbù)
* 罔趖 (Hokkien)
* 走走 (zǒuzǒu)
* 轉轉 / 转转 (zhuànzhuàn) (colloquial)
* 閒盪 / 闲荡 (xiándàng)
* 閒逛 / 闲逛 (xiánguàng)
* (vast and wide):
* 光大 (guāngdà)
* 宏大 (hóngdà)
* 寬大 / 宽大 (kuāndà)
* 寬闊 / 宽阔 (kuānkuò)
* 巨大 (jùdà)
* 廣 / 广
* 廣大 / 广大 (guǎngdà)
* 廣闊 / 广阔 (guǎngkuò)
* 龐 / 庞 (literary, or in compounds)
* 龐大 / 庞大 (pángdà)
* 洪大 (hóngdà)
* 浩大 (hàodà)
* 無邊 / 无边 (wúbiān)
* 甚大 (shèndà) (literary)
* 莽莽 (mǎngmǎng)
* 薄海 (bóhǎi) (literary, figurative, of an area)
* 遼闊 / 辽阔 (liáokuò)

### Compounds

* 中原板蕩 / 中原板荡
* 佚蕩 / 佚荡
* 傾家蕩產 / 倾家荡产 (qīngjiādàngchǎn)
* 儻蕩 / 傥荡
* 光回腸蕩氣 / 光回肠荡气
* 冶蕩 / 冶荡
* 動蕩 / 动荡 (dòngdàng)
* 十蕩十決 / 十荡十决
* 喪蕩游魂 / 丧荡游魂
* 坦蕩 / 坦荡 (tǎndàng)
* 心蕩神怡 / 心荡神怡
* 心蕩神搖 / 心荡神摇
* 心蕩神迷 / 心荡神迷
* 心蕩神馳 / 心荡神驰
* 悠蕩 / 悠荡 (yōudàng)
* 掃蕩 / 扫荡 (sǎodàng)
* 搖蕩 / 摇荡 (yáodàng)
* 播蕩 / 播荡
* 放蕩 / 放荡 (fàngdàng)
* 放蕩不羈 / 放荡不羁 (fàngdàng bùjī)
* 放蕩任氣 / 放荡任气
* 放蕩弛縱 / 放荡弛纵
* 春心蕩漾 / 春心荡漾
* 晃晃蕩蕩 / 晃晃荡荡
* 晃蕩 / 晃荡 (huàngdàng)
* 曠蕩 / 旷荡
* 東揚西蕩 / 东扬西荡
* 板蕩 / 板荡 (bǎndàng)
* 東蕩西除 / 东荡西除
* 東飄西蕩 / 东飘西荡
* 沙蕩 / 沙荡 (Shādàng)
* 波光蕩漾 / 波光荡漾
* 波蕩 / 波荡 (bōdàng)
* 流蕩 / 流荡 (liúdàng)
* 流蕩忘反 / 流荡忘反
* 浩蕩 / 浩荡 (hàodàng)
* 浮蕩 / 浮荡 (fúdàng)
* 浪蕩 / 浪荡 (làngdàng)
* 浪蕩乾坤 / 浪荡干坤
* 浪蕩子 / 浪荡子
* 浪蕩燈 / 浪荡灯
* 淫蕩 / 淫荡 (yíndàng)
* 溶溶蕩蕩 / 溶溶荡荡
* 滔蕩 / 滔荡
* 滌瑕蕩垢 / 涤瑕荡垢
* 滌瑕蕩穢 / 涤瑕荡秽
* 滌穢蕩瑕 / 涤秽荡瑕
* 滌蕩 / 涤荡 (dídàng)
* 漂蕩 / 漂荡
* 澹蕩 / 澹荡
* 版蕩 / 版荡
* 狂蕩 / 狂荡
* 眼迷心蕩 / 眼迷心荡
* 磊落軼蕩 / 磊落轶荡
* 神魂搖蕩 / 神魂摇荡
* 神魂蕩漾 / 神魂荡漾
* 神魂蕩颺 / 神魂荡飏
* 神魂飛蕩 / 神魂飞荡
* 神魂馳蕩 / 神魂驰荡
* 空空蕩蕩 / 空空荡荡
* 空蕩 / 空荡 (kōngdàng)
* 空蕩蕩 / 空荡荡 (kōngdàngdàng)
* 花蕩 / 花荡
* 茫茫蕩蕩 / 茫茫荡荡
* 莽蕩 / 莽荡
* 蕩垢滌汙 / 荡垢涤污
* 蕩婦 / 荡妇 (dàngfù)
* 蕩子 / 荡子
* 蕩平 / 荡平 (dàngpíng)
* 蕩心 / 荡心
* 蕩志 / 荡志
* 蕩悠悠 / 荡悠悠
* 蕩散 / 荡散
* 蕩析 / 荡析
* 蕩析離居 / 荡析离居
* 蕩檢踰閒 / 荡检逾闲
* 蕩氣回腸 / 荡气回肠
* 蕩氣迴腸 / 荡气回肠
* 蕩漾 / 荡漾 (dàngyàng)
* 蕩滌 / 荡涤
* 蕩潏 / 荡潏
* 蕩然 / 荡然
* 蕩然無存 / 荡然无存 (dàngránwúcún)
* 蕩瑕滌穢 / 荡瑕涤秽
* 蕩產 / 荡产
* 蕩產傾家 / 荡产倾家
* 蕩田 / 荡田
* 蕩盡 / 荡尽
* 蕩舟 / 荡舟
* 蕩船 / 荡船
* 蕩蕩 / 荡荡 (dàngdàng)
* 蕩蕩悠悠 / 荡荡悠悠
* 蕩覆 / 荡覆 (dàngfù)
* 蘆花蕩 / 芦花荡
* 蘆蕩 / 芦荡
* 虎蕩羊群 / 虎荡羊群
* 虛蕩 / 虚荡
* 西除東蕩 / 西除东荡
* 豁蕩 / 豁荡
* 跌蕩 / 跌荡 (diēdàng)
* 跌蕩不羈 / 跌荡不羁
* 跌蕩放言 / 跌荡放言
* 踰閒蕩檢 / 逾闲荡检
* 軼蕩 / 轶荡 (yìdàng)
* 迴腸蕩氣 / 回肠荡气
* 迴蕩 / 回荡 (huídàng)
* 逋蕩 / 逋荡
* 逛蕩 / 逛荡 (guàngdàng)
* 遊蕩 / 游荡 (yóudàng)
* 闖蕩 / 闯荡 (chuǎngdàng)
* 雁蕩山 / 雁荡山 (Yàndàngshān)
* 靜蕩蕩 / 静荡荡
* 駘蕩 / 骀荡 (dàidàng)
* 黃天蕩 / 黄天荡

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: どう (dō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō)
* Kun: うごく (ugoku, 蕩く)、とろかす (torokasu, 蕩かす)、とろける (torokeru, 蕩ける)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 蕩 (MC dangX|thangH). Recorded as Middle Korean 타ᇰ〯 (thǎng) (Yale: thǎng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tʰa̠(ː)ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [탕(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 蕩 (eumhun 방탕할 탕 (bangtanghal tang))
* hanja form of 탕 (“wander”)

#### Compounds

* 뇌진탕 (腦震蕩, noejintang)
* 방탕 (放蕩, bangtang)
* 소탕 (掃蕩, sotang)
* 음탕 (淫蕩, eumtang)
* 탕감 (蕩減, tanggam)
* 탕진 (蕩盡, tangjin)
* 탕탕 (蕩蕩, tangtang)
* 호탕 (浩蕩, hotang)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

蕩: Hán Nôm readings: đãng, đảng, đẵng, thững, dãng, vảng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.