# 饘

| 饘 | U+9958, &#39256; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9958 |
| ← 饗 [U+9957] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 饙 → [U+9959] |

## Translingual
### Han character

饘 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+13, 22 strokes, cangjie input 人戈卜田一 (OIYWM), four-corner 8071$_7$, composition ⿰飠亶)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1426, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44433
* Dae Jaweon: page 1952, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4476, character 14
* Unihan data for U+9958

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 饘
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 皽 | *tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ |
| 担 | *taːnʔ |
| 胆 | *daːn, *daːn |
| 疸 | *taːnʔ, *taːns |
| 觛 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ |
| 亶 | *taːnʔ |
| 嬗 | *taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans |
| 笪 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd |
| 狚 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd |
| 旦 | *taːns |
| 鴠 | *taːns |
| 譠 | *tʰaːn, *rteːn |
| 坦 | *tʰaːnʔ |
| 但 | *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns |
| 檀 | *daːn |
| 壇 | *daːn |
| 儃 | *daːn, *djan |
| 驙 | *daːn, *tan |
| 袒 | *daːnʔ, *rdeːns |
| 襢 | *daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans |
| 繵 | *daːnʔ |
| 膻 | *daːnʔ |
| 澶 | *daːns, *djan |
| 邅 | *tan, *danʔ, *dans |
| 鱣 | *tan |
| 饘 | *tjan, *tjanʔ |
| 旜 | *tjan |
| 氈 | *tjan |
| 鸇 | *tjan |
| 顫 | *tjans |
| 蟺 | *djanʔ |
| 擅 | *djans |
| 羶 | *hljan |
| 呾 | *taːd, *ʔraːd |
| 怛 | *taːd |
| 妲 | *taːd |
| 靼 | *taːd, *tjad |
| 炟 | *taːd |

### Etymology

Probably analyzable as *ka-n (with nominalizing suffix -n), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka-j/w/m (“to eat”) (Sagart, 2003). Compare Tamangic words for “food; cooked rice”: Eastern Tamang [script needed] (¹kan), Western Tamang [script needed] (¹ken), Western Gurung [script needed] (¹kaẽ), Manangba [script needed] (¹kjɛ̃), Thakali [script needed] (ᴴkʌn) (STEDT).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhān (zhan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zin$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhān
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhan
*** Wade–Giles: chan$^1$
*** Yale: jān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jan
*** Palladius: чжань (čžanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zin$^1$
*** Yale: jīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːn⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsyen, tsyenX
Rime :
| Character | 饘 | 饘 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 諸延切 | 旨善切 |
| Baxter | tsyen | tsyenX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiᴇn/ | /t͡ɕiᴇn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɛn/ | /t͡ɕiɛn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjæn/ | /t͡ɕjæn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cian/ | /cian$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiɛn/ | /t͡ɕiɛn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭɛn/ | /t͡ɕĭɛn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ɛn/ | /t͡ɕi̯ɛn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhān | zhǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zin$^1$ | zin$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*t-qa[n]/, /*t-qa[n]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjan/, /*tjanʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 饘 | 饘 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhān | zhān |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyen › | ‹ tsyen$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*t-qa[n]/ | /*t-qa[n]ʔ/ |
| English | gruel (thick) | thick gruel |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 饘 | 饘 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 2084 | 2088 |
| Phonetic component | 旦 | 旦 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𩜾 | 𦗢 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjan/ | /*tjanʔ/ |

### Definitions

饘
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) thick congee
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to eat; to have a meal

### Compounds

* 囊饘 / 囊𫗴
* 梁饘
* 橐饘 / 橐𫗴
* 粥饘 / 粥𫗴
* 羹饘 / 羹𫗴
* 饘粑 / 𫗴粑
* 饘粥 / 𫗴粥 (zhānzhōu)
* 饘臛 / 𫗴臛
* 饘蔬 / 𫗴蔬
* 饘酎 / 𫗴酎
* 饘酏 / 𫗴酏
* 饘食 / 𫗴食
* 饘飲 / 𫗴饮
* 饘餼 / 𫗴饩
* 饘鬻 / 𫗴鬻
* 饘麋 / 𫗴麋
* 麤饘 / 粗𫗴
* 麥饘 / 麦𫗴

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* Alternative spelling of 堅粥 (katakayu): gruel

#### Readings

* Go-on: せん (sen)
* Kan-on: せん (sen)
* Kun: かゆ (kayu, 饘)