# κλαίω
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /klǎi̯.ɔː/ → /ˈklɛ.o/ → /ˈkle.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /klǎi̯.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈklɛ.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈklɛ.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈkle.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈkle.o/

### Etymology 1

Stems:
* κλαϝ- > κλα- (κλᾱ́ω (klā́ō)) / κλαυ- (κλαυ-θμός (klau-thmós))
* κλαϝ-j- > κλαι-
* κλαϝ-σ- > κλαυσ- (the future κλαύσω (klaúsō), κλαυσῐ-)
* κλαϝ-ε- > κλαϝ-ε-σ > the future κλαήσω (klaḗsō).
Uncertain etymology. May be cognate with Albanian klanj, qaj (“to weep”), from Proto-Albanian *klaunja, pointing to Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u-, but no other Indo-European cognates are apparent. Or, from Pre-Greek and/or ultimately onomatopoeic.

#### Verb

κλαίω • (klaíō)
* to cry, weep

##### Usage notes

Attic forms κλᾱ́ω (klā́ō) (of κλαίω) and κᾱ́ω (kā́ō) (of καίω (kaíō, “burn”) are the only -άω verbs which are never contracted. For κλῶ (klô) see κλείω (kleíō, “shut”).

##### Alternative forms

* κλᾱ́ω (klā́ō) — Attic

##### Derived terms

* ᾰ̓νᾰκλαίω (ănăklaíō, “weep aloud”)
* ἀντικλαίω (antiklaíō, “weep in return”)
* ᾰ̓ποκλαίω (ăpoklaíō, “weep aloud”)
* ἐπῐκλαίω (epĭklaíō, “weep in answer”)
* κᾰτᾰκλαίω (kătăklaíō, “bewail loudly”)
* μετᾰκλαίω (metăklaíō, “weep afterwards”)
* πᾰρᾰκλαίω (părăklaíō, “weep beside”)
* περῐκλαίω (perĭklaíō, “weeping round”)
* προᾰνᾰκλαίομαι (proănăklaíomai, “bewail before”)
* προκλαίω (proklaíō, “weep beforehand”)
* προσκᾰτᾰκλαίομαι (proskătăklaíomai, “lament one with another”)
* προσκλαίω (prosklaíō, “weep at”)
* συγκλαίω (sunklaíō, “weep with”)
* ῠ̔ποκλαίω (hŭpoklaíō, “shed secrettears”)
and
* κλαιωμῐλῐ́ᾱ f (klaiōmĭlĭ́ā, “fellowship in tears”)
Compounds and derivatives:
* ἀείκλαυτος (aeíklautos, “with perpetual lamentation”)
* ἀκλαυστεί (aklausteí, “without weeping”, adverb)
* ἄκλαυστος (áklaustos, “unlamented”)
* ἄκλαυτος (áklautos, “unwept, ἄκλαυστος”)
* ἀμφίκλαυτος (amphíklautos, “mourned around”)
* ᾰ̓νᾰκλαυθμός m (ănăklauthmós, “ἀνακλαυσμός”)
* ᾰ̓νᾰ́κλαυσῐς f (ănắklausĭs, “lamentation”)
* ᾰ̓πόκλαυμᾰ n (ăpóklaumă, “loud wailing”)
* ἐπῐ́κλαυτος (epĭ́klautos, “tearful”)
* ἐρίκλαυστος (eríklaustos, “much-weeping”)
* ἐρίκλαυτος (eríklautos, “much-weeping”)
* κᾰτᾰ́κλαυσῐς f (kătắklausĭs, “bewailing”)
* κλαυθμηρός (klauthmērós, “plaintive”)
* κλαυθμονή f (klauthmonḗ, “weeping”)
* κλαυθμός m (klauthmós, “weeping”)
* κλαυθμῠρῐ́ζω (klauthmŭrĭ́zō, “make to weep”)
* κλαυθμῠρῐς f (klauthmŭrĭs)
* κλαυθμῠρισμός m (klauthmŭrismós, “crying like a child”)
* κλαυθμώδης (klauthmṓdēs, “broken as if by sobbing”)
* κλαυθμών m (klauthmṓn, “place of weeping”)
* κλαῦμᾰ n (klaûmă, “weeping”)
* κλαυμονή f (klaumonḗ, “κλαυθμονή”)
* κλαυμῠρίζομαι (klaumŭrízomai)
* κλαῦσε (klaûse, Homeric aorist)
* κλαυσιάω (klausiáō, “wish to weep”)
* κλαυσῐ́γελως m (klausĭ́gelōs, “smiles mingled with tears”)
* κλαυσῐ́μᾰχος (klausĭ́măkhos, “ready-to-fight”)
* κλαύσιμος (klaúsimos, “plaintive”)
* κλαῦσῐς f (klaûsĭs, “weeping”)
* κλαῦσμᾰ n (klaûsmă)
* κλαυστήρ m (klaustḗr, “weeper”)
* κλαυστῐκός (klaustĭkós, “given to mourning”)
* κλαυστός (klaustós, “to be bewailed, mournful”)
* μονόκλαυτος (monóklautos, “lamented by one only”)
* νυμφόκλαυτος (numphóklautos, “a bride bringing woe”)
* πάγκλαυστος (pánklaustos, “most lamentable by all”)
* πᾰρᾰκλαυσῐ́θῠρον n (părăklausĭ́thŭron, “lover's complaint sung, serenade”)
* πολῠ́κλαυστος (polŭ́klaustos, “much lamented by many”)
* φῐλόκλαυτος (phĭlóklautos, “fond of weeping”)

##### Descendants

* Greek: κλαίω (klaío). Also from stem κλαυ-,
* Mariupol Greek: клэ́гу (kléhu)

#### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κλαίω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 709
* “κλαίω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “κλαίω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “κλαίω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* κλαίω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* κλαίω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* G2799 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

### Etymology 2

From κλείω (kleíō, “shut”).

#### Verb

κλαίω • (klaíō)
* (Attic, Epic, Doric, contracted) first-person singular future indicative active of κλείω (kleíō)

#### References

* κλαίω @perseus.tufts.edu

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek κλαίω (klaíō). Root κλα-. Stems: κλαι- / κλαυσ- > κλαψ- / κλαυθ- > κλαυτ- / κλαυμ > κλαμμ > κλαμ-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkleo/
* Hyphenation: κλαί‧ω

### Verb

κλαίω • (klaío) (past έκλαψα, passive κλαίγομαι)
* (most senses) to cry, weep (shed tears)
    Το παιδί έκλαιγε γιατί έπεσε κάτω.To paidí éklaige giatí épese káto.The child was crying because he fell down.
    Οι γονείς μου κλάψανε από χαρά όταν άκουσαν τα καλά νέα.Oi goneís mou klápsane apó chará ótan ákousan ta kalá néa.My parents wept for joy when they heard the good news.
* (intransitive, of eyes) to water, run (as when cutting onions etc)
    Τα μάτια κλαίνε όταν καθαρίζει κανείς κρεμμύδια.Ta mátia klaíne ótan katharízei kaneís kremmýdia.The eyes water when one is peeling onions.
* (transitive, figuratively) to mourn, grieve for (a person or thing)
    Ολόκληρο το χωριό τον έκλαψε όταν πέθανε.Olókliro to chorió ton éklapse ótan péthane.The entire village mourned him when he died.
    Έκλαψε την χαμένη της νιότη.Éklapse tin chaméni tis nióti.She grieved for her lost youth.
* (transitive, figuratively) to feel sorry for (a person or thing)
    Τον κλαίω με όλα αυτά που του έγιναν.Ton klaío me óla aftá pou tou éginan.I feel sorry for him for all that happened to him.
* (transitive, figurative, colloquial) to cry with laughter

#### Synonyms

* (mourn): θρηνώ (thrinó), οδύρομαι (odýromai), ολοφύρομαι (olofýromai), πενθώ (penthó)
* (bemoan): μεμψιμοιρώ (mempsimoiró)

#### Antonyms

* γελώ (geló, “laugh”)

#### Derived terms

* κλαίων (klaíon, participle) (archaic) (fem: κλαίουσα (klaíousa), neu: κλαίον (klaíon)/κλαῖον
Compounds of the verb:
* μυξοκλαίω (myxoklaío, “snivel”)
* σιγοκλαίω (sigoklaío, “sob slowly, quietly”)
Expressions:
* κλαίω γοερά (klaío goerá, “cry loudly”)
* κλαίω και οδύρομαι (klaío kai odýromai, “cry and lament”)
* κλαίω πικρά (klaío pikrá, “cry bitterly”)
* κλαίω τη μοίρα μου (klaío ti moíra mou, “weep for my bad fortune”)
Set phrases:
* κλαύ’ τα Χαράλαμπε (kláv’ ta Charálampe) (colloquial)
* θα κλάψουν μανούλες (tha klápsoun manoúles) (colloquial)
* βαράτε με κι ας κλαίω (varáte me ki as klaío) (colloquial)
* να τον κλαιν οι ρέγγες (na ton klain oi rénges) (colloquial)
* κλαίω με μαύρο δάκρυ (klaío me mávro dákry) (colloquial)
* κλάψε με μάνα, κλάψε με (klápse me mána, klápse me) (colloquial)

#### Related terms

* άκλαυτος (áklaftos, “unmourned”)
* κλάμα n (kláma, “cry”)
* κλαυθμός m (klafthmós, “cry”) (learned)
* κλαυθμυρίζω (klafthmyrízo, “grizzle”) (learned)
* κλαυθμύρισμα n (klafthmýrisma, “grizzling”) (learned)
* κλαυσίγελως, κλαυσίγελος m (klafsígelos, “smiles mingled with tears”)
* κλάψα f (klápsa, “whining”)
* κλαψιάρης (klapsiáris, “whining”), fem: κλαψιάρα, neu: κλαψιάρικο
* κλαψιάρικος (klapsiárikos, “grizzling”)
* κλάψιμο n (klápsimo, “cry”)
* κλαψουρίζω (klapsourízo, “grizzle”)
* κλαψούρισμα n (klapsoúrisma, “grizzling”)
* πολύκλαυστος (polýklafstos, “lamented by many”)