# 仕事
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 仕 | 事 |
| し Grade: 3 (ateji) | こと > ごと Grade: 3 |
| kan'on | kun'yomi |

### Etymology

From し (shi, “doing”, continuative form of する (suru, “to do”)) +‎ 事 (koto, “thing; stuff”). The koto reading for 事 changes to goto as an instance of rendaku (連濁). 仕 is ateji (当て字).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しごと [shìgótó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕiɡo̞to̞]

### Noun

仕(し)事(ごと) • (shigoto)
* a job; an occupation; work
    仕(し)事(ごと)を辞(や)めたい。
       Shigoto o yametai.
       I want to quit my job.
* job, work (task)
    いい仕(し)事(ごと)をする
       ii shigoto o suru
       to do a good job
** 2011 February 9, Hideaki Sorachi, “第(だい)三(さん)百(びゃく)三(さん)十(じゅう)一(いち)訓(くん)　社(し)会(ごと)見(けん)学(がく)は大人(おとな)にとっても学(まな)ぶ事(こと)の多(おお)い場(ば) [Lesson 331: Field Trips Are Often Learning Experiences Even for Adults]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 38 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
    えー　このように　私(わたし)達(たち)の仕(し)事(ごと)はまずうまくいく事(こと)はありません　それでもめげない諦(あきら)めない明日(あした)を信(しん)じてつきまとう　それがストーカーという職(しょく)業(ぎょう)ですそれ仕(し)事(ごと)じゃねェェェェェェェェ‼
       Ē kono yō ni Watashitachi no shigoto wa mazu umaku iku koto wa arimasen Sore demo mege nai akirame nai ashita o shinjite tsukimatō Sore ga sutōkā to iu shokugyō desu
       Well, it’s sort of like this. Our job isn’t something that starts off really well. Even so, we never stay down and we always believe in tomorrow. That’s the credo of us career stalkers.
       Sore shigoto ja neeeeeeeee‼
       That’s not a joooooooob‼
* (physics) work, change of energy
    仕(し)事(ごと)は最(さい)後(ご)な動(どう)力(りょく)引(ひ)く最(さい)初(しょ)の動(どう)力(りょく)から見(み)付(つ)かれる。
       Shigoto wa saigo na dōryoku hiku saisho no dōryoku kara mitsukareru.
       Work is found by subtracting the final energy by the initial energy.

#### Derived terms

* 仕(し)事(ごと)運(うん) (shigotōn, “fate as concerns business”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)柄(がら) (shigotogara, “for work, work-related”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)着(ぎ) (shigotogi, “work clothes, business suit”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)口(ぐち) (shigotoguchi, “work opening, work position”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)師(し) (shigotoshi, “workman, enterpriser, schemer”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)台(だい) (shigotodai, “workbench, work table”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)中(ちゅう) (shigotochū, “at work, working”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)場(ば) (shigotoba, “place where one works”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)箱(ばこ) (shigotobako, “workbox”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)日(び) (shigotobi, “work day”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)量(りょう) (shigotoryō, “workload, amount of work done by one”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)探(さが)し (shigotosagashi, “job hunting, job searching”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)始(はじ)め, 仕(し)事(ごと)始(はじめ) (shigotohajime, “resuming work after New Year's vacation”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)振(ぶ)り, 仕(し)事(ごと)ぶり (shigotoburi, “the way one works”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)の鬼(おに) (shigoto no oni, “work fiend, devil for work”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)の虫(むし) (shigoto no mushi, “workaholic”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)一(いち)途(ず) (shigoto ichizu, “singlemindedly devoted to work”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)中(ちゅう)毒(どく) (shigoto chūdoku, “workaholism”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)人(にん)間(げん) (shigoto ningen, “fiend for work, workaholic”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)一(ひと)筋(すじ) (shigoto hitosuji, “living only for work”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)部(べ)屋(や) (shigotobeya, “workroom”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)中(ちゅう)毒(どく)者(しゃ) (shigoto chūdokusha, “workaholic”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)第(だい)一(いち)主(しゅ)義(ぎ) (shigoto daiichi shugi, “workaholism”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)で忙(いそが)しい (shigoto de isogashii, “busy with work”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)に勤(いそ)しむ (shigoto ni isoshimu, “be assiduous in business”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)に掛(か)かる, 仕(し)事(ごと)にかかる (shigoto ni kakaru, “get to work”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)に堪(た)える (shigoto ni taeru, “be fit for work”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)を上(あ)げる (shigoto o ageru, “finish the work”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)を済(す)ます (shigoto o sumasu, “finish work”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)を辞(や)める, 仕(し)事(ごと)をやめる (shigoto o yameru, “quit a job, resign”)
* 仕(し)事(ごと)に応(おう)募(ば)する (shigoto ni ōba suru, “apply for a job”)
* 荒(あら)仕(し)事(ごと) (arashigoto, “rough work, hard work”)
* 大(おお)仕(し)事(ごと) (ōshigoto, “big job, great task”)
* 下(した)仕(し)事(ごと) (shitashigoto, “spade work, subcontract”)
* 力(ちから)仕(し)事(ごと) (chikarashigoto, “physical work, manual labour”)
* 賃(ちん)仕(し)事(ごと) (chinshigoto, “piecework”)
* 手(て)仕(し)事(ごと) (teshigoto, “handwork, manual labor”)
* 出(で)仕(し)事(ごと) (deshigoto, “outside work”)
* 庭(にわ)仕(し)事(ごと) (niwashigoto, “gardening”)
* 畑(はた)仕(し)事(ごと) (hatashigoto, “working in the fields, work on a farm”)
* 針(はり)仕(し)事(ごと) (harishigoto, “needlework, sewing”)
* 一(ひと)仕(し)事(ごと) (hitoshigoto, “task”)
* 骨(ほね)仕(し)事(ごと) (honeshigoto, “backbreaking work”)
* 水(みず)仕(し)事(ごと) (mizushigoto, “scrubbing and washing, kitchen work”)
* 夜(よ)仕(し)事(ごと) (yoshigoto, “night work”)
* 藁(わら)仕(し)事(ごと) (warashigoto, “making things out of straw”)
* 旨(うま)い仕(し)事(ごと) (umai shigoto, “profitable business”)
* 課(か)の仕(し)事(ごと) (ka no shigoto, “job of a section”)
* 隠(いん)居(きょう)仕(し)事(ごと) (inkyō shigoto, “post-retirement job”)
* 請(うけ)負(おい)仕(し)事(ごと) (ukeoi shigoto, “contract work”)
* 腰(こし)掛(かけ)仕(し)事(ごと), 腰(こし)掛(か)け仕(し)事(ごと) (koshikake shigoto, “temporary employment”)
* 根(こん)気(き)仕(し)事(ごと) (konki shigoto, “laborious task”)
* 書(しょ)類(るい)仕(し)事(ごと) (shorui shigoto, “paperwork”)
* 手(て)間(ま)仕(し)事(ごと) (tema shigoto, “tedious job, troublesome job”)
* 殿(との)様(さま)仕(し)事(ごと) (tonosama shigoto, “amateur work”)
* 道(どう)楽(らく)仕(し)事(ごと) (dōraku shigoto, “work done for enjoyment”)
* 野(の)良(ら)仕(し)事(ごと) (nora shigoto, “farm work, field labor”)
* 半(はん)端(ぴ)仕(し)事(ごと) (hanpi shigoto, “odd job”)
* 役(やく)所(しょ)仕(し)事(ごと) (yakusho shigoto, “red tape”)
* お役(やく)所(しょ)仕(し)事(ごと), 御(お)役(やく)所(しょ)仕(し)事(ごと) (oyakusho shigoto, “bureaucratic routine”)
* 片(かた)手(て)間(ま)仕(し)事(ごと) (katatema shigoto, “side job, odd jobs”)
* 出(で)来(き)高(だか)仕(し)事(ごと) (dekidaka shigoto, “piecework”)
* 遣(や)っ付(つ)け仕(し)事(ごと), やっつけ仕(し)事(ごと) (yattsuke shigoto, “rush job”)
* 分(ぶ)の良(い)い仕(し)事(ごと) (bu no ii shigoto, “profitable job”)

### Verb

仕(し)事(ごと)する • (shigoto suru) suru (stem 仕(し)事(ごと)し (shigoto shi), past 仕(し)事(ごと)した (shigoto shita))
* to work

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 仕事し | しごとし | shigoto shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 仕事し | しごとし | shigoto shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 仕事する | しごとする | shigoto suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 仕事する | しごとする | shigoto suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 仕事すれ | しごとすれ | shigoto sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 仕事せよ¹ 仕事しろ² | しごとせよ¹ しごとしろ² | shigoto seyo¹ shigoto shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 仕事される | しごとされる | shigoto sareru |
| Causative | 仕事させる 仕事さす | しごとさせる しごとさす | shigoto saseru shigoto sasu |
| Potential | 仕事できる | しごとできる | shigoto dekiru |
| Volitional | 仕事しよう | しごとしよう | shigoto shiyō |
| Negative | 仕事しない | しごとしない | shigoto shinai |
| Negative continuative | 仕事せず | しごとせず | shigoto sezu |
| Formal | 仕事します | しごとします | shigoto shimasu |
| Perfective | 仕事した | しごとした | shigoto shita |
| Conjunctive | 仕事して | しごとして | shigoto shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 仕事すれば | しごとすれば | shigoto sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* Kitahara, Yasuo, editor (2002), 明鏡国語辞典 [Meikyō Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN
* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

## Okinawan

Kanji in this term :
| 仕 | 事 |
| し Grade: 3 | くとぅ > ぐとぅ Grade: 3 |

### Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 仕事 (shigoto).

### Noun

仕(し)事(ぐとぅ) (shigutu)
* a job; an occupation; work