# 陣

| 陣 | U+9663, &#38499; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9663 |
| ← 院 [U+9662] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 除 → [U+9664] |

## Translingual
### Han character

陣 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 弓中十田十 (NLJWJ), four-corner 7520$_6$, composition ⿰阝車)

#### Derived characters

* 塦, 𠻆, 𫺶, 𣗑, 𧏶, 𩄛

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1352, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41667
* Dae Jaweon: page 1854, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4129, character 7
* Unihan data for U+9663

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 陳 | *l'iŋ, *l'iŋs |
| 敶 | *l'iŋ, *l'iŋs |
| 陣 | *l'iŋs |
Derivation from 敶, itself derived from an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 東 (“sack?”) + 東 + 攴; later, one 東 was abbreviated, and a 阜 added on the left.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhèn (zhen$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zen$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zan$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳn
* Jin (Wiktionary): zeng$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dêng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tīn / chūn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ding$^7$ / dêng$^7$ / zung$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhèn
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^4$
*** Yale: jèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenn
*** Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhènr
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhènr
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: jènr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jell
*** Palladius: чжэньр (čžɛnʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂəɻ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zen$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zen
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sən²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zan$^6$
*** Yale: jahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zen$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐn²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳn
*** Hakka Romanization System: ciin
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨn⁵⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zeng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡səŋ⁴⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dêng
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛiŋ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tīn / chūn
*** Tâi-lô: tīn / tsūn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: din, zun
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tin²²/, /t͡sun²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tin⁴¹/, /t͡sun⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tin²²/, /t͡sun²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tin³³/, /t͡sun³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tin³³/, /t͡sun³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ding$^7$ / dêng$^7$ / zung$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tīng / tēng / tsûng
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ¹¹/, /teŋ¹¹/, /t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
* ding7/dêng7 - literary (dêng7 - Jieyang);
* zung5 - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: drinH
Rime :
| Character | 陣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (44) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 直刃切 |
| Baxter | drinH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖˠiɪn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖᵚin$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡien$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖjin$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡjĕn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡǐĕn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯ĕn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhèn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zan$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lri[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'iŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 陣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhèn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ drin$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*lri[n]-s/ |
| English | battle array |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 陣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1396 |
| Phonetic component | 陳 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 敶 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'iŋs/ |
| Notes | 同敶：俗今通用 |

### Definitions

陣
* short moment of time
    等陣先。／等阵先。 [Cantonese] ― dang$^2$ zan$^6$ sin$^1$. [Jyutping] ― Wait a bit first.
* formation
    風水陣／风水阵 ― fēngshuǐ zhèn ― feng shui arrangement
* Classifier for short periods of an event: spell; burst; gust ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
    一陣雨／一阵雨 ― yī zhèn yǔ ― a brief spell of rain
* (military) column, row or file of troops
* (Cantonese) beam; crossbeam (Classifier: 條／条 c)
* (Cantonese, vehicles) wheelbase
    短陣車款／短阵车款 [Cantonese] ― dyun$^2$ zan$^6$ ce$^1$ fun$^2$ [Jyutping] ― short wheelbase car model
* (Cantonese) Alternative form of 𠹻 (zam6, “classifier for smells”)

#### Synonyms

* (short moment of time): (Cantonese) 一陣／一阵 (jat1 zan6)

### Compounds

* 一陣 / 一阵 (yīzhèn)
* 一陣子 / 一阵子 (yīzhènzi)
* 一陣風 / 一阵风 (yīzhènfēng)
* 上陣 / 上阵 (shàngzhèn)
* 佈陣安營 / 布阵安营
* 做陣 / 做阵 (chò-tīn)
* 八卦陣 / 八卦阵
* 八陣 / 八阵
* 八陣圖 / 八阵图
* 出陣 / 出阵 (chūzhèn)
* 列陣 / 列阵 (lièzhèn)
* 助陣 / 助阵 (zhùzhèn)
* 叫陣 / 叫阵 (jiàozhèn)
* 吳宮教陣 / 吴宫教阵
* 呼名叫陣 / 呼名叫阵
* 嚴陣以待 / 严阵以待 (yánzhènyǐdài)
* 圈子陣 / 圈子阵
* 壓陣 / 压阵
* 大陣仗 / 大阵仗 (dàzhènzhàng)
* 大鼓陣 / 大鼓阵 (dàgǔzhèn)
* 好一陣 / 好一阵 (hǎoyīzhèn)
* 宋江陣 / 宋江阵
* 對陣 / 对阵 (duìzhèn)
* 布陣 / 布阵 (bùzhèn)
* 怯陣 / 怯阵
* 打頭陣 / 打头阵 (dǎ tóuzhèn)
* 披掛上陣 / 披挂上阵
* 排兵布陣 / 排兵布阵
* 排蟻陣 / 排蚁阵
* 排陣 / 排阵
* 摧堅陷陣 / 摧坚陷阵
* 摧鋒陷陣 / 摧锋陷阵
* 撞陣衝軍 / 撞阵冲军
* 擋頭陣 / 挡头阵
* 擺行陣 / 摆行阵
* 擺開陣勢 / 摆开阵势
* 擺陣 / 摆阵
* 擺龍門陣 / 摆龙门阵 (bǎi lóngménzhèn)
* 敗陣 / 败阵 (bàizhèn)
* 敵陣 / 敌阵 (dízhèn)
* 方陣 / 方阵 (fāngzhèn)
* 時陣 / 时阵 (sî-chūn)
* 民陣 / 民阵
* 火牛陣 / 火牛阵
* 牽亡陣 / 牵亡阵
* 當頭陣 / 当头阵
* 疑陣 / 疑阵
* 矩陣 / 矩阵 (jǔzhèn)
* 破陣樂 / 破阵乐
* 破靴陣 / 破靴阵
* 筆陣 / 笔阵
* 筆陣圖 / 笔阵图
* 簸箕陣 / 簸箕阵
* 背水陣 / 背水阵 (bèishuǐzhèn)
* 臨敵賣陣 / 临敌卖阵
* 臨軍對陣 / 临军对阵
* 臨陣 / 临阵 (línzhèn)
* 臨陣磨槍 / 临阵磨枪 (línzhènmóqiāng)
* 臨陣脫逃 / 临阵脱逃 (línzhèntuōtáo)
* 花營錦陣 / 花营锦阵
* 蜈蚣陣 / 蜈蚣阵
* 行兵列陣 / 行兵列阵
* 行兵布陣 / 行兵布阵
* 行陣 / 行阵 (hángzhèn)
* 衝堅陷陣 / 冲坚陷阵
* 衝鋒陷陣 / 冲锋陷阵 (chōngfēngxiànzhèn)
* 衝頭陣 / 冲头阵
* 見陣 / 见阵
* 調陣 / 调阵
* 調陣子 / 调阵子
* 賣陣 / 卖阵
* 賣陣之計 / 卖阵之计
* 跳鼓陣 / 跳鼓阵
* 車陣 / 车阵
* 車鼓陣 / 车鼓阵
* 輪番上陣 / 轮番上阵
* 迷魂陣 / 迷魂阵
* 這陣 / 这阵 (zhèzhèn)
* 逗陣 / 逗阵
* 這陣兒 / 这阵儿 (zhèzhènr)
* 達陣 / 达阵
* 部陣 / 部阵 (bùzhèn)
* 錦營花陣 / 锦营花阵
* 錦陣花營 / 锦阵花营
* 陣亡 / 阵亡 (zhènwáng)
* 陣仗 / 阵仗 (zhènzhàng)
* 陣勢 / 阵势 (zhènshì)
* 陣圓 / 阵圆 (zhènyuán)
* 陣圖 / 阵图
* 陣地 / 阵地 (zhèndì)
* 陣子 / 阵子 (zhènzi)
* 陣容 / 阵容 (zhènróng)
* 陣式 / 阵式
* 陣法 / 阵法
* 陣營 / 阵营 (zhènyíng)
* 陣痛 / 阵痛 (zhèntòng)
* 陣發性 / 阵发性 (zhènfāxìng)
* 陣線 / 阵线 (zhènxiàn)
* 陣腳 / 阵脚 (zhènjiǎo)
* 陣腳大亂 / 阵脚大乱
* 陣角 / 阵角 (zhènjiǎo)
* 陣門 / 阵门 (zhènmén)
* 陣陣 / 阵阵 (zhènzhèn)
* 陣雨 / 阵雨 (zhènyǔ)
* 陣雲 / 阵云
* 陣面上 / 阵面上
* 陣頭 / 阵头
* 陣風 / 阵风
* 陣馬 / 阵马
* 陷堅破陣 / 陷坚破阵
* 陷陣 / 陷阵 (xiànzhèn)
* 雁陣 / 雁阵 (yànzhèn)
* 雷陣雨 / 雷阵雨 (léizhènyǔ)
* 頭陣 / 头阵
* 風檣陣馬 / 风樯阵马
* 風流陣 / 风流阵
* 飛沙陣 / 飞沙阵
* 鬥牛陣 / 斗牛阵
* 麒麟陣 / 麒麟阵
* 龍蛇陣 / 龙蛇阵

### References

* “陣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Entry #6816”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* battle formation
* war
* burst, gust

#### Readings

* Go-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ちん (chin)
* Kun: じんだて (jindate, 陣)

### Noun

陣(じん) • (jin)
* battle formation
* camp

### Suffix

陣(じん) • (-jin)
* group, team
    経営(けいえい)陣(じん)、制作(せいさく)陣(じん)
       keiei-jin, seisaku-jin
       management team, production team
    1万人以上(1 まんにんいじょう)の講師(こうし)陣(じん)
       1 man nin ijō no kōshi-jin
       a group of over 10,000 teachers

### References

* ↑ “陣”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Hanja

陣 (eum 진 (jin))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

陣: Hán Nôm readings: trận, giận, trặn, chận, chặn, chiến
* battle, fight

#### Usage notes

* Chữ Nôm. The modern Vietnamese word for battle is trận.

#### References

* www.chunom.org