# porter
## English
### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈpɔɹtɚ/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpɔːtə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA: /ˈpo(ː)ɹtɚ/
* (non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA: /ˈpoətə/
* Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)tə(ɹ)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English porter, portere, portier, borrowed from Anglo-Norman portour and Old French porteor, from Late Latin portātor, from past participle of Latin portāre (“to carry”). By surface analysis, port (“to carry”) +‎ -er.

#### Noun

porter (plural porters)
* A person who carries luggage and related objects.
    By the time I reached the train station I was exhausted, but fortunately there was a porter waiting.
** c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:Achilles! a drayman, a porter, a very camel.
** 1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “(please specify the chapter name)”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:the unsmotherable delight of all the porters and by - standers
** 1954 February, Trevor Holloway, “Canada's Transcontinental Routes”, in Railway Magazine, page 130:The man who carries your luggage at the station is a "red cap", not a porter. The Canadian porter is the man who makes up the beds in the sleeping cars.
** 2022 December 14, David Turner, “The Edwardian Christmas getaway...”, in RAIL, number 972, page 35:Tips were an important part of porters' income, and at Christmas passengers felt there was extra pressure to give them - despite some perceiving the level of service to be poor.
* (entomology) An ant having the specialized role of carrying.
* (computing) One who ports software (makes it usable on another platform).
** 1998, Michael McMillan, Perl from the Ground Up, page 45:[…] useful only if you are a Perl porter or implementor and you want to check the efficiency of the hashing algorithm.

##### Hyponyms

* (carrier of burdens): jampani (jampan-bearer); dandy-wallah (dandy-bearer)

##### Derived terms

* rope porter

##### Translations

Arabic: حَمَّال m (ḥammāl)
Armenian: բեռնակիր (hy) (beṙnakir)
Assamese: ভাৰী (bhari), কুলি (kuli), মটীয়া (motia)
Bulgarian: носач (bg) m (nosač)
Catalan: bastaix (ca) m, mosso (ca) m, portador m
Danish: porter (da) c, bærer c
Dutch: kruier (nl) m
Egyptian: (ẖrj-qnj)
Esperanto: portisto (eo)
Finnish: kantaja (fi)
French: porteur (fr) m
Gallo: portou m
German: Gepäckträger (de) m
Greek: αχθοφόρος (el) m (achthofóros)
Ancient: σκευόφορος m (skeuóphoros)
Hindi: क़ुली m (qulī), कुली (hi) m (kulī), वाहक (hi) m (vāhak), बैरा (hi) m (bairā), मोटिया (hi) m (moṭiyā)
Hungarian: hordár (hu)
Irish: póirtéir m, aistire m (ecclesiastical)
Italian: facchino (it) m, bastagio m
Korean: 짐꾼 (jimkkun)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: باربەر (barber), حەماڵ (ḧemall)
Latin: gerō (la) m, bāiulus m
Macedonian: но́сач m (nósač)
Maori: kaiamo
Norman: portchi m (Jersey), porteur m (Jersey)
Norwegian: bærer m
Ottoman Turkish: حمال (hammal, hamal)
Persian: بارکش (fa) (bâr-keš), باربر (fa) (bâr-bar), حمال (fa) (hammâl) (archaic), کول‌بر (kul-bar) (for heavy objects carried on back)
Polish: numerowy m, bagażowy (pl) m
Portuguese: carregador (pt) m
Romanian: hamal (ro)
Russian: носи́льщик (ru) m (nosílʹščik), гру́зчик (ru) m (grúzčik)
Sanskrit: वाहक (sa) m (vāhaka)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: но̀са̄ч m, носа̀чица f
Roman: nòsāč (sh) m, nosàčica (sh) f
Spanish: mozo (es) m, cargador (es) m, changador m, changarín (es) m, faquín m, fardero (es) m, mecapal m, porteador m, soguilla m
Swahili: hamali, hamali class ma
Swedish: bärare (sv) c
Turkish: hamal (tr)
Urdu: قلی m (qulī)
Venetan: bastàzo m
Yiddish: טרעגער m (treger) :

### Etymology 2

From Middle English porter, portere, portare, borrowed from Anglo-Norman portour and Old French portier, from Late Latin portarius (“gatekeeper”), from Latin porta (“gate”).

#### Noun

porter (countable and uncountable, plural porters)
* (countable) A person in control of the entrance to a building.
* (countable, bowling) An employee who clears and cleans tables and puts bowling balls away.
* (countable, uncountable, beer) A strong, dark ale, originally favored by porters (etymology 1, sense 1), similar to a stout but less strong.
    Coordinate term: stout
* (beer, Ireland) Stout (malt brew).
** 1904–1907 (date written), James Joyce, “(please specify the story)”, in Dubliners, London: Grant Richards, published June 1914, →OCLC, page 107:‘Here, Pat, give us a g.p., like a good fellow.’ The curate brought him a glass of plain porter. The man drank it at a gulp and asked for a caraway seed.

##### Derived terms

* groom-porter
* hall porter
* light porter
* porterhouse
* portership
* tackle-porter
* ticket-porter

##### Descendants

* → Irish: pórtar

##### Translations
#### Verb

porter (third-person singular simple present porters, present participle portering, simple past and past participle portered)
* To serve as a porter; to carry.

### Anagrams

* Perrot, perrot, porret, pretor, proter, report, troper

## Catalan
### Etymology

From porta +‎ -er or from Old Catalan porter, from Late Latin portārius, from Latin porta. Compare French portier.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [purˈte]
* IPA: (Balearic) [porˈte]
* IPA: (Valencia) [poɾˈteɾ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

porter m (plural porters)
* doorman, doorkeeper, gatekeeper
* (sports) goalkeeper

#### Derived terms

* porteria

#### Related terms

* porta

### Further reading

* “porter” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## French
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old French porter, from Latin portāre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“go, traverse”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔʁ.te/
* Audio:(file)

#### Verb

porter
* to carry
* to support, to bear
* to wear
* (intransitive) to be about, to concern [with sur]
    Sur quoi portait la question ? ― What was the question concerning?
* (reflexive, se porter) to feel, to carry one's self
    Je me porte mieux. ― I am feeling better.
    Il se porte bien. ― He's in good health.

##### Derived terms

* la nuit porte conseil
* porté disparu
* porter à ébullition
* porter à faux
* porter assistance
* porter atteinte
* porter aux nues
* porter bonheur
* porter dans son cœur
* porter de l’eau à la rivière
* porter la culotte
* porter la poisse
* porter le chapeau
* porter malheur
* porter ombrage
* porter plainte
* porter préjudice
* porter sa croix
* porter secours
* porter ses fruits
* se faire porter pâle
* se porter comme un charme
* se porter garant

##### Related terms

* apporter
* colporter
* comporter
* déporter
* emporter
* portable
* porteur
* radioreporter
* rapporter
* réimporter
* remporter
* supporter
* téléporter

### Etymology 2

From English porter.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔʁ.tɛʁ/
* Homophone: portèrent

#### Noun

porter m (plural porters)
* porter (beer)
** 1884, Joris-Karl Huysmans, chapter XI, in À rebours [Against the Grain]:il […] étancha sa soif avec le porter, cette bière noire qui sent le jus de réglisse dépouillé de sucre.He quenched his thirst with some porter, that dark beer which smells of unsweetened liquorice.

### Further reading

* “porter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* Perrot

## Ladin
### Etymology

From Latin portāre (“bring, carry”).

### Verb

porter
* to carry

#### Conjugation

* Ladin conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

## Latin
### Verb

porter
* first-person singular present passive subjunctive of portō

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* portare, porteour, portere, portir, portor, portour

### Etymology

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman porter, portour, from a combination of Late Latin portārius and portātor, portātōrem; equivalent to port +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɔrtər/, /pɔrˈteːr/

### Noun

porter (plural porters)
* gatekeeper, doorkeeper

#### Descendants

* English: porter
* Yola: porther

#### References

* “portē̆r, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Middle French
### Etymology

From Old French porter, from Latin portō, portāre.

### Verb

porter
* to carry
    porter la banniereto carry the banner

#### Conjugation

* Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

#### Descendants

* French: porter

## Norman
### Alternative forms

* portaïr (Guernsey)

### Etymology

From Old French porter, from Latin portō, portāre.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Jersey):(file)

### Verb

porter
* (Jersey) to carry
* (Jersey) to wear

#### Derived terms

* porter un coup (“to strike”)
* portchi (“porter”)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

porter m
* indefinite plural of port

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin portāre.

### Verb

porter
* to carry
    porter la baniereto carry the banner
* to carry a child (to be pregnant)

#### Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ts, *-tt are modified to z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

#### Related terms

* portour

#### Descendants

* Middle French: porter
** French: porter

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English porter or French porter.

### Noun

porter n (uncountable)
* porter (beer)