# tirgus
## Latvian
### Etymology

Some consider this word borrowed from Old East Slavic търгъ (tŭrgŭ, “market, commerce”), which agrees with the u in Lithuanian (and Latvian dialectal) tur̃gus, but not with the i in standard tirgus. Others propose that it is the natural development of Proto-Baltic *terg-, *tirg-, from Proto-Indo-European *ter-, *tor-, *tr̥- (“to make noise, to talk a lot”) (whence Latvian tērzēt, tirzāt (“to chat, to chatter”), q.v.) with an extra -g (whence also Latvian tērgot, tērgāt (“to chat, to chatter”), where the long ē is secondary; q.v.). The semantic evolution would be, in this case: “much (loud) talking” > “noise, bustle” (still currently attested; see below) > “(place where there is) much noise, bustle” > “place where people meet, village square, market.” In the 18th and 19th centuries, the meaning “price” is also attested. Cognates include Lithuanian tur̃gus, Proto-Slavic *tъrgъ (Old Church Slavonic тръгъ (trŭgŭ, “people gathering, market, marketplace”), Old East Slavic търгъ (tŭrgŭ), торгъ (torgŭ, “market, commerce”), Russian, Ukrainian торг (torg, “commerce; (arch.) market; (pl.) auction”), Bulgarian търг (tǎrg, “auction; commerce”), Czech trh (“market”), Polish targ (“market”)), Old Norse, Icelandic, Swedish torg (“market, marketplace”), Danish torv (“market, marketplace”), Albanian treg (“market”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tìɾɡus]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

tirgus m (3rd declension)
* market, marketplace (a square, a building, a space, where agricultural and/or industrial goods are sold and bought; the kind of buying and selling that takes place in such a place)
    tirgus laukums ― market square, marketplace
    tirgus burzma ― market bustle
    rudens tirgus ― autumn market
    zivju tirgus ― fish market
    puķu tirgus ― flower market
    tirgus cena ― market price
    tirgus soma ― market bag
    iepirkties tirgū ― to shop in the market
    vest uz tirgu ābolus ― to take apples to the market
    gada tirgus, gadatirgus ― year market, fair
    nedeļas tirgus ― weekly market
    tirgus sieva ― market woman (i.e., who trades in a market)
    krāmu tirgus ― flea market (where common, used objects are sold)
    melnais tirgus ― black market (= illegal market)
* (figuratively) noise, uproar, confusion
    netaisiet tirgu! ― don't make a market! (= confusion, noise)
    drīz vien bērni sāka kliegt cits caur citu: sacēlas īsts tirgus ― soon the children started shouting at each other: a real market (= confusion, uproar) arose
* market (system of trading; trade processes, relations)
    iekšējais, vietējais, ārējais tirgus ― internal, local, foreign market
    starptautiskais tirgus ― international market
    naftas tirgus ― the oil market
    brīvais tirgus ― free market
    brīvā tirgus ekonomika ― free market economy
    tirgus attiecības ― market relations
    pasaules tirgus ― the world market (= international trade system)

#### Derived terms

* ārvalstu valūtas tirgus

#### Related terms

* tirdzinieks, tirdziniece
* tirdziņš
* tirdzniecisks
* tirdzniecība
* tirgonis, tirgone
* tirgot, tirgoties
* tirgotava
* tirgotājs, tirgotāja

#### See also

* bazārs

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “tirgus”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN