# l'
## Asturian
### Etymology 1

Contraction of the masculine article el.

#### Article

l' m
* (definite) the

##### Usage notes

* The masculine singular article el contracts to l' before a word beginning with a vowel or h: l'asturianu (the Asturian), l'hermanu (the brother)

##### Related terms

* el
* 'l

### Etymology 2

Contraction of the feminine article la.

#### Article

l' f
* (definite) the

##### Usage notes

* The feminine singular article la contracts to l' before a word beginning with a or ha: l'asturiana (the Asturian), l'habitación (the habitation)

##### Related terms

* la

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [l‿]

### Article

l' m or f
* Contraction of el: the
* Contraction of la: the

#### Usage notes

* el is contracted to l' before a vowel or h-.
    l'avi ― the grandfather
* la is contracted to l' before a vowel or h-, except before a following unstressed (h)i- or (h)u-.
    l'àvia ― the grandmother
    l'hora ― the hour
    l'única filla (stressed ⟨u⟩) ― the only daughter
    la ullada (unstressed ⟨u⟩) ― the glance

### Pronoun

l'
* Contraction of el.
* Contraction of la.

#### Usage notes

* l' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel. The exceptions regarding the contraction of la mentioned above apply as well.
    L'envejo. ― I envy him/her.
    La interessa. (unstressed ⟨i⟩) ― It interests her.

#### Declension

| | strong/subject | weak (direct object) | weak (direct object) | weak (indirect object) | weak (indirect object) | possessive |
| singular | | proclitic | enclitic | proclitic | enclitic | |
| 1st person | jo, mi$^3$ | em, m’ | -me, ’m | em, m’ | -me, ’m | meu |
| 1st person majestic$^1$ | nós | ens | -nos, ’ns | ens | -nos, ’ns | nostre |
| 2nd person | tu | et, t’ | -te, ’t | et, t’ | -te, ’t | teu |
| 2nd person formal$^1$ | vós | us | -vos, -us | us | -vos, -us | vostre |
| 2nd person very formal$^2$ | vostè | el, l’ | -lo, ’l | li | -li | seu |
| 3rd person masculine | ell | el, l’ | -lo, ’l | li | -li | seu |
| 3rd person feminine | ella | la, l’$^4$ | -la | li | -li | seu |
| 3rd person neuter | | ho | -ho | li | -li | seu |
| 3rd person reflexive | si | es, s’ | -se, ’s | es, s’ | -se, ’s | seu |
| plural | | | | | | |
| 1st person | nosaltres | ens | -nos, ’ns | ens | -nos, ’ns | nostre |
| 2nd person | vosaltres | us | -vos, -us | us | -vos, -us | vostre |
| 2nd person formal$^2$ | vostès | els | -los, ’ls | els | -los, ’ls | seu |
| 3rd person masculine | ells | els | -los, ’ls | els | -los, ’ls | seu |
| 3rd person feminine | elles | les | -les | els | -los, ’ls | seu |
| 3rd person reflexive | si | es, s’ | -se, ’s | es, s’ | -se, ’s | seu |
| adverbial | | | | | | |
| ablative/genitive | | en, n’ | -ne, ’n | | | |
| locative | | hi | -hi | | | |
| $^{1)}$ Behaves grammatically as plural. $^{2)}$ Behaves grammatically as third person. | $^{1)}$ Behaves grammatically as plural. $^{2)}$ Behaves grammatically as third person. | $^{1)}$ Behaves grammatically as plural. $^{2)}$ Behaves grammatically as third person. | $^{3)}$ Only as object of a preposition. $^{4)}$ Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-. | $^{3)}$ Only as object of a preposition. $^{4)}$ Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-. | $^{3)}$ Only as object of a preposition. $^{4)}$ Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-. | $^{3)}$ Only as object of a preposition. $^{4)}$ Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-. |

## Corsican
### Article

l'
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of u, lu: the
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of a, la: the
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of i, li: the
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of e, le: the

### Pronoun

l'
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of u, lu: him
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of a, la: her
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of i, li: them
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of e, le: them

#### See also
### References

* https://infcor.adecec.net/

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /l/

### Article

l' (definite)
* (poetic) Apocopic form of la: the

#### Usage notes

It is used mainly in poetry and lyrics as a tool for enforcing a specific meter or rhythm, although it may at times be used in prose for a poetic stylistic effect.
A space is used after l' (e.g. "de l' mondo", not "de l'mondo"). It is most common after prepositions ending in a vowel, de l' (“of the”) being most common by far.
When possible it is pronounced at the end of the proceeding syllable rather than at the start of the following syllable (e.g. de l' animo (“of the soul”) is pronounced /del aˈni.mo/ rather than /de laˈni.mo/).
Frequent or consistent use of l' can be found as a feature of the ideolects of some people, but this is considered non-standard, and is discouraged by the majority of fluent speakers.

#### Derived terms

* ĉe l' (“at the”)
* de l' (“of the”)
* je l'
* pri l' (“about the”)
* pro l' (“because of the”)
* tra l' (“through the”)

## Franco-Provençal
### Determiner

l' m or f
* Prevocalic clipping of la
* Prevocalic clipping of lo

### Pronoun

l' m or f
* Prevocalic clipping of la
* Prevocalic clipping of lo

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /l‿/
** Audio:(file)

### Article

l’ m or f (singular, definite)
* (before a vowel or mute h) Apocopic form of le, la: the
* (Quebec, Louisiana, colloquial, after a vowel) Apocopic form of le: the
** 2002, Jean-François Pauzé (lyrics and music), “La Manifestation”, in Break Syndical:À la manifestation, / on rêvait d’révolution / se gelant l’cul avec une poignée de comparses / sous la pluie froide du mois d’marsAt the demonstration, / we dreamed o' revolution / freezing da asses off with a handful of cronies / in the cold rain of March

### Pronoun

l’ m or f (third-person singular)
* (before a vowel or mute h) Apocopic form of le, la: him, her, it
* (Quebec, Louisiana, colloquial, after a vowel) Apocopic form of le: him, it
** 2002, Jean-François Pauzé, Marie-Annick Lépine (lyrics and music), “Toune d'automne”, in Break Syndical:Icitte y’a papa qui se r’met / fe sa p’tite opération / t’aurais du l’voir, y fakait / fallait l’traiter aux p’tits oignonsHere's Dad recoverin' / doin' his lil operation / you shoulda seen him, he was doin' it / you hadda treat him like a pro

#### Related terms

| Number | Person | Gender | Nominative (subject) | Accusative (direct complement) | Dative (indirect complement) | Locative (at) | Genitive (of) | Disjunctive (tonic) |
| Singular | First | — | je, j’ | me, m’ | me, m’ | — | — | moi |
| Singular | Second | — | tu | te, t’ | te, t’ | — | — | toi |
| Singular | Third | Masculine | il | le, l’ | lui | y | en | lui |
| Singular | Third | Feminine | elle | la, l’ | lui | y | en | elle |
| Singular | Third | Indeterminate | on$^1$ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Singular | Third | Reflexive | — | se, s’$^4$ | se, s’$^4$ | — | — | soi$^4$ |
| Plural | First | — | nous | nous | nous | — | — | nous |
| Plural | Second | — | vous$^2$ | vous$^2$$^{,3}$ | vous$^2$$^{,3}$ | — | — | vous$^2$ |
| Plural | Third | Masculine | ils$^3$ | les | leur | y | en | eux$^3$ |
| Plural | Third | Feminine | elles | les | leur | y | en | elles |
    $^1$ Also used as the first person plural.
    $^2$ Also used as the polite singular form.
    $^3$ Also used when a group has both men and women.
    $^4$ Also used as third person plural reflexive.

### Further reading

* “l'”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Friulian
### Article

l' m or f (definite)
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of il, la: the

#### Inflection
## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

Contration of li, from French lui.

### Pronoun

l'
* Alternative spelling of l; contraction of li.

## Ido
### Article

l'
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of la: the

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /l/

### Article

l' m or f (apocopated) (definite)
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of il/lo, la: the

#### Inflection

Italian Definite Articles :
| | singular | plural |
| masculine | il lo/l' | i gli |
| feminine | la/l' | le |

### Pronoun

l' m or f (apocopated)
* (before vowels) Apocopic form of lo, la: him, her, it

#### Usage notes

* Optionally elides before a vowel, especially before ho and ha: l'ho, l'ha. Elision before other verbs beginning with a stressed vowel is less common: lo era instead of l'era, lo è instead of l'è.

#### See also

| Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Combined | Disjunctive | Locative | Partitive |
| Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | mi, m', -mi | mi, m', -mi | me | me | — | — |
| Singular | second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | ti, t', -ti | ti, t', -ti | te | te | — | — |
| Singular | third | m | lui | si$^2$, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | glie, se$^2$ | lui, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| Singular | third | f | lei, Lei$^1$ | si$^2$, s', -si | la, La$^1$, l', L'$^1$, -la, -La$^1$ | le$^3$, Le$^1$, -le$^3$, -Le$^1$ | glie, se$^2$ | lei, Lei$^1$, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | ci, c', -ci | ci, c', -ci | ce | noi | — | — |
| Plural | second | — | voi, Voi$^4$ | vi, Vi$^4$, v', V'$^4$, -vi, -Vi$^4$ | vi, Vi$^4$, v', V'$^4$, -vi, -Vi$^4$ | vi, Vi$^4$, v', V'$^4$, -vi, -Vi$^4$ | ve | voi, Voi$^4$ | — | — |
| Plural | third | m | loro, Loro$^1$ | si, s', -si | li, Li$^1$, -li, -Li$^1$ | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro$^1$ | glie, se | loro, Loro$^1$, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| Plural | third | f | loro, Loro$^1$ | si, s', -si | le, Le$^1$, -le, -Le$^1$ | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro$^1$ | glie, se | loro, Loro$^1$, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) | ne, n' |
| $^1$ | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. |
| $^2$ | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. |
| $^3$ | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. |
| $^4$ | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). |

## Ladin
### Article

l' f (singular)
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of la: the

### See also

* l
* la
* i
* les

## Leonese
### Etymology 1

Contraction of the masculine article el.

#### Article

l' m sg
* Apocopic form of el: the

##### Usage notes

* The masculine singular article el contracts to l' before a word beginning with a vowel or h.

### Etymology 2

Contraction of the feminine article la.

#### Article

l' f sg
* Apocopic form of la: the

##### Usage notes

* The feminine singular article la contracts to l' before a word beginning with a or ha.

## Ligurian
### Article

l' m sg (definite)
* (before a vowel) the (+ a masculine name in the singular)

## Middle French
### Article

l'
* elided form of le, la: the

#### Usage notes

* Earlier manuscripts omit the apostrophe
* lame ― the soul

## Neapolitan
### Etymology

From Latin ille, illa.

### Particle

l' m and f (singular and plural definite)
* (before a vowel) Apocopic form of 'o, 'a: the

## Old French
### Article

l'
* (before a vowel sound) Apocopic form of la/le: the

#### Usage notes

* Original manuscripts omit the apostrophe
* lame ― the soul

## Romagnol
### Alternative forms

* e' before a consonant

### Article

l' m (before a vowel)
* the

## Sassarese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /l‿/, (after a word ending in a vowel) /r‿/

### Article

l'
* Apocopic form of lu
* Apocopic form of la
* Apocopic form of li

#### Inflection

Sassarese definite articles :
| | singular | plural |
| masculine | lu/l' | li/l' |
| feminine | la/l' | li/l' |

### Pronoun

l'
* Apocopic form of lu
* Apocopic form of la
* Apocopic form of li

#### Usage notes

* Used before a vowel sound.