# 亀

| 亀 | U+4E80, &#20096; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E80 |
| ← 乿 [U+4E7F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 亁 → [U+4E81] |
| ⻲ | U+2EF2, &#12018; CJK RADICAL J-SIMPLIFIED TURTLE |
| ← ⻱ [U+2EF1] | CJK Radicals Supplement | ⻳ → [U+2EF3] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 龜 |
| Shinjitai | 亀 |
| Simplified | 龟 |

### Glyph origin

Variant of 龜, simplified from 龜. The modern Japanese usage is of reform (shinjitai) nature.

### Han character

亀 (Kangxi radical 213, 亀+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓田中山 (NWLU), four-corner 2771$_6$, composition ⿻龟日)

#### Derived characters

* 𫣒, 𠼓, 𭒗, 𭧛, 𪚲, 𪳥, 穐, 𦅥, 𫝰, 䆴, 𫠝, 䦰, 𩰘, 𦿷

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 142, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 210
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 8 (in addendum), page 10, character 19
* Unihan data for U+4E80

## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 亀 – see 龜 (“turtle; tortoise; cuckold; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 龜).

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 亀 |
| Kyūjitai | 龜 |

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 龜)

#### Readings

* Go-on: き (ki, Jōyō)、く (ku)
* Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)、きゅう (kyū)
* Kun: かめ (kame, 亀, Jōyō)
* Nanori: あま (ama)、すすむ (susumu)、ひさ (hisa)、ひさし (hisashi)

#### Compounds

* 神(じん)亀(き) (Jinki)
* 金亀子(コガネムシ) (koganemushi)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 亀
* かめ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 龜 (kyūjitai)
⟨kame$_2$⟩ → */kaməɨ/ → /kame/
From Old Japanese 龜 (kame$_2$). First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かめ [káꜜmè] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ka̠me̞]

#### Noun

亀(かめ) or 亀(カメ) • (kame)
* a tortoise or turtle (land or marine reptile with a shell)
** 2007, Kōsuke Hasumi, The Biology of Fairy Tales, page 28:
    休(やす)んで負(ま)けてしまったウサギと休(やす)まず走(はし)って勝利(しょうり)したカメ。
       Yasunde makete shimatta usagi to yasumazu hashitte shōri shita kame.
       The tortoise ran without resting and won, and the hare rested and lost.
* (by extension, figurative, as turtles are thought to be good drinkers) a drunkard
* a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of tortoises
* (figurative) sluggishness; also, such a person
* a shrugger
* (slang, as it resembles a turtle's neck) a penis
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:陰茎

##### Usage notes

* As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カメ.

##### Derived terms

* 亀(かめ)卜(うら) (kameura)
* 亀(かめ)鳴(な)く (kame naku)
* 亀(かめ)の子(こ) (kame no ko)
* 亀(かめ)の甲(こう) (kame no kō)
* 亀(かめ)の手(て), 石蜐(カメノテ) (kame no te)
* 亀山(かめやま) (Kameyama)
* 石(イシ)亀(ガメ) (ishigame)
* 海(ウミ)亀(ガメ) (umigame)
* 阿(お)亀(かめ) (okame)
* 長亀(おさがめ) (osagame)
* 神(しん)亀(かめ) (shinkame)
* 銭(ゼニ)亀(ガメ) (zenigame)
* 象亀(ゾウガメ) (zōgame)
* 鶴(つる)亀(かめ) (tsurukame)
* 出歯(でば)亀(かめ) (debakame)
* 泥亀(どろがめ) (dorogame)
* 花(ハナ)亀(ガメ)虫(ムシ) (hanagamemushi)
* 陸亀(りくがめ) (rikugame)

##### Idioms

* 亀(かめ)の年(とし)を鶴(つる)が羨(うらや)む (kame no toshi o tsuru ga urayamu)

##### Proverbs

* 鶴(つる)は千(せん)年(ねん)亀(かめ)は万(まん)年(ねん) (tsuru wa sennen kame wa mannen)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 亀
* き Grade: S
* on'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 龜 (kyūjitai)
From Middle Chinese 龜 (MC kwij).

#### Affix

亀(き) • (ki)
* tortoise, turtle
* tortoise shell used in divination

##### Derived terms

* 亀(き)鑑(かん) (kikan)
* 亀(きっ)甲(こう) (kikkō)
* 亀(き)頭(とう) (kitō)
* 亀(き)卜(ぼく) (kiboku)
* 亀(き)裂(れつ) (kiretsu)
* 神(しん)亀(き) (shinki)
* 盲(もう)亀(き) (mōki)

### See also

* タートル (tātoru)
* トータス (tōtasu)
* 鼈(スッポン) (suppon)

### References

* ↑ “亀”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

亀 • (gwi, gyun) (hangeul 귀, 균, revised gwi, gyun, McCune–Reischauer kwi, kyun)
* a turtle's or tortoise's shell