# 棑

| 棑 | U+68D1, &#26833; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-68D1 |
| ← 棐 [U+68D0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 棒 → [U+68D2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

棑 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木中一卜 (DLMY), four-corner 4191$_1$, composition ⿰木非)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 532, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14928
* Dae Jaweon: page 920, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1230, character 1
* Unihan data for U+68D1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 啡 | *pʰɯːlʔ |
| 排 | *brɯːl |
| 俳 | *brɯːl |
| 輫 | *brɯːl, *buːl |
| 悲 | *prɯl |
| 棑 | *breː, *brɯːls |
| 輩 | *puːls |
| 裴 | *buːl, *bɯl |
| 徘 | *buːl |
| 琲 | *buːlʔ |
| 痱 | *buːlʔ, *pɯds, *bɯl, *bɯls |
| 非 | *pɯl |
| 扉 | *pɯl |
| 緋 | *pɯl |
| 猆 | *pɯl |
| 斐 | *pɯl, *pʰɯlʔ |
| 馡 | *pɯl |
| 騑 | *pɯl, *pʰɯl |
| 誹 | *pɯl, *pɯlʔ, *pɯls |
| 餥 | *pɯl, *pɯlʔ |
| 匪 | *pɯlʔ |
| 棐 | *pɯlʔ |
| 蜚 | *pɯlʔ, *bɯls |
| 篚 | *pɯlʔ |
| 榧 | *pɯlʔ |
| 鯡 | *pɯls |
| 霏 | *pʰɯl |
| 菲 | *pʰɯl, *pʰɯlʔ, *bɯls |
| 婔 | *pʰɯl |
| 裶 | *pʰɯl |
| 悱 | *pʰɯlʔ |
| 奜 | *pʰɯlʔ |
| 腓 | *bɯl, *bɯls |
| 陫 | *bɯlʔ |
| 屝 | *bɯls |
| 厞 | *bɯls |
| 翡 | *bɯls |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *breː, *brɯːls): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 非 (OC *pɯl).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pái (pai$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄞˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): paai$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bai$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pâi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pái
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pái
*** Wade–Giles: pʻai$^2$
*** Yale: pái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pair
*** Palladius: пай (paj)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰaɪ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: paai$^4$
*** Yale: pàaih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: paai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰaːi̯²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bai$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pai¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pâi
*** Tâi-lô: pâi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: paai
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pai²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pai²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pai¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pai²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pai²³/
* Middle Chinese: bea
Rime :
| Character | 棑 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 佳 (31) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 薄佳切 |
| Baxter | bea |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠɛ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚæ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bæi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /baɨj/ |
| Li Rong | /bɛ/ |
| Wang Li | /bai/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱai/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pái |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | paai$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*breː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 棑 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 3068 |
| Phonetic component | 非 |
| Rime group | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 牌 |
| Old Chinese | /*breː/ |
| Notes | 即卑聲之箄簰別寫， 借自臺語bɛ |

#### Definitions

棑
* Alternative form of 排 (pái, “raft”)
* Alternative form of 排 (pái, “wood, bamboo, etc. bound together for transport along a river”)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) shield

#### Compounds

* 竹棑 (tek-pâi)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bèi (bei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄟˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bèi
*** Wade–Giles: pei$^4$
*** Yale: bèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bey
*** Palladius: бэй (bɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /peɪ̯⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: beajH
Rime :
| Character | 棑 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 皆 (33) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 蒲拜切 |
| Baxter | beajH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠɛi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚæi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bɐi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bəɨj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /bɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /bɐi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱăi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | baai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*brɯːls/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 棑 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 3069 |
| Phonetic component | 非 |
| Rime group | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𢟡 |
| Old Chinese | /*brɯːls/ |

#### Definitions

棑
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pèi (pei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄟˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pèi
*** Wade–Giles: pʻei$^4$
*** Yale: pèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pey
*** Palladius: пэй (pɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰeɪ̯⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: beajH
Rime :
| Character | 棑 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 皆 (33) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 蒲拜切 |
| Baxter | beajH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠɛi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚæi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bɐi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bəɨj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /bɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /bɐi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱăi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | baai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*brɯːls/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 棑 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 3069 |
| Phonetic component | 非 |
| Rime group | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𢟡 |
| Old Chinese | /*brɯːls/ |

#### Definitions

棑
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “棑”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 170.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): はい (hai)、ばい (bai)
* Kun: いかだ (ikada)