# achar
## English
### Alternative forms

* achaar, achara

### Etymology

From Hindustani اچار / अचार (acār), from Classical Persian آچار (āčār).

### Noun

achar (countable and uncountable, plural achars)
* (India) A spicy and salty pickle in Indian cuisine.

### References

* ↑ https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/achar

### Anagrams

* Chara, chara

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese achar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin afflāre (“to blow”). Cognate with Portuguese achar, Asturian afayar and Spanish hallar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈt͡ʃaɾ/ [aˈt͡ʃaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Hyphenation: a‧char

### Verb

achar (first-person singular present acho, first-person singular preterite achei, past participle achado)
* (transitive, now rare) to find, come upon
    Synonym: atopar
** 1555, Hernán Nunez, Refranes en Romance:Ala me leue Deus, donde ache dos meusMay God take me to places where I come upon my people
* (transitive, dated) to find, find out; to think
    Synonyms: coidar, pensar
** c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 806:prouarõ tres escaleyras de fuste et acharõnas curtas; et desi atarõnas a hũa cõ a outra et deytarõnas a hũa torrethey tried three wooden ladders but found them too short; and so they tied them together and leaned them against a tower

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Derived terms

* ao chou

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “achar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “achar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “achar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “achar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “achar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish ochair (“edge”), from Proto-Celtic *okris, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂óḱris (compare Latin ocris (“rugged mountain”), Ancient Greek ὄκρις (ókris, “sharp edge”)), from *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaxəɾˠ/

### Noun

achar m (genitive singular achair)
* distance, extent
** 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect], volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 7:ḱē n t-axr̥, ə tā ən drehəd šin æš šo?[Cén t-achar atá an droichead sin as seo?]How far is that bridge from here?(literally, “What distance…”)
* period of time
** 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect], volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 8:ə wakə tū n bĭaiəx ūd lomsə, a çȧn̄ə mē tā axr̥ gȧŕəȷ?[An bhfaca tú an beithíoch úd liomsa a cheannaigh mé tá achar gairid?]Did you see that cow of mine that I bought a short time ago?
* (geometry) area

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
achar
vocative
a achair
genitive
achair
dative
achar
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an t-achar
genitive
an achair
dative
leis an achar don achar :

#### Derived terms

* Achar an Dá Lá Dhéag (“the Twelve Days of Christmas; Epiphany”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ochair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*akro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 28

### Further reading

* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “achar”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 3
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “achar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “achar”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “achar”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
* “achar”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy

## Macanese
### Etymology

From Malay acar, from Classical Malay اچر (acar), from Classical Persian آچار (āčār, “pickle, marinade”). Compare Indonesian acar. Etymologically unrelated to Portuguese achar or its Macanese descendant achâ.

### Noun

achar
* achar (preserve or pickle, made of spring onions, cabbage, coconut, apple, pear, etc. in vinegar and salt, (formerly) eaten as an appetizer or a street food using toothpicks)
    comê achar ― to eat achar

#### Usage notes

* Not to be confused with achâ or ach'á.
* Different from the Indian pickle achar, as this is not spicy.

### References

* https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm#achar
* Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988) “achar”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 143

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin afflāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ˈt͡ʃaɾ/
* Rhymes: -aɾ

### Verb

achar
* to find

#### Descendants

* Galician: achar
* Portuguese: achar (see there for further descendants)

### Further reading

* Universo Cantigas - "achar"

## Old Irish
### Adjective

achar
* Alternative form of aicher

#### Declension

o/ā-stem :
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | achar | achar | achar |
| Vocative | achair* achar** | achar | achar |
| Accusative | achar | achair | achar |
| Genitive | achair | achrae, achaire | achair |
| Dative | achur | achair | achur |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | Feminine/neuter |
| Nominative | achair | achra | achra |
| Vocative | achru achra† | achra | achra |
| Accusative | achru achra† | achra | achra |
| Genitive | achar | achar | achar |
| Dative | achraib | achraib | achraib |
| Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized |

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈʃa(ʁ)/ [aˈʃa(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈʃa(ʁ)/ [aˈʃa(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /aˈʃa(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /aˈʃa(ʁ)/ [aˈʃa(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aˈʃa(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈʃaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈʃaɾ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈt͡ʃaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈʃa.ɾi/
* (Northern Portugal) IPA: [ɐˈt͡ʃaɾ]
* (Rural Central Brazil) IPA: /ɐˈʃa(ɹ)/
* Hyphenation: a‧char

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese achar, from Latin afflāre. Compare Galician achar and Spanish hallar.

#### Verb

achar (first-person singular present acho, first-person singular preterite achei, past participle achado)
* (transitive) to find; to encounter (to come across something that was unknown or had been lost)
    Synonym: encontrar
    Preciso de achar as chaves da minha casa.I need to find the keys to my house.
    Nenhum dos estudantes achou a resposta correta.None of the students found the correct answer.
** 2011, Sérgio Estrella, Rafael Neves, Rodrigo Estevam, Sérgio Oliveira, Alex Sandro de Mattos, Coleção Nintendo Blast - Ano 2, GameBlast, page 35:Apesar de as fases serem enormes e terem uma duração máxima de 60 minutos, existe o recurso de quick save. Afinal, não faria sentido e não seria nada cômodo comprar um jogo portátil que não se pode jogar a qualquer hora e em qualquer lugar, sem precisar se preocupar em achar um save point ou terminar a fase para poder salvar.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (ditransitive, copulative for the second object) to find; to consider (to have the opinion that a given thing has the given quality)
    Synonym: considerar
    Acho essa casa muito feia.I find that house very ugly.
    Acharam o filme interessante.They found the film interesting.
** 1911, Emília Moncorvo Bandeira de Melo, chapter VIII, in A Luta:Aproximou-se mais, com os olhinhos injetados, e a moça encolheu-se, achando-o medonho.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (ditransitive, copulative for the second object) to find (to come across something in the given state)
    Synonym: encontrar
    Caminhei até a vila e achei-a inundada.I walked to the village and found it flooded.
* (transitive) to think (to have the given opinion) [with que ‘that’]
    Synonyms: pensar que, crer que
    Acho que vocês deviam ir embora.I think you all should go away.
    Acho que sim.I think so.
** 1899, Machado de Assis, chapter LXXXIX, in Dom Casmurro‎, Obliqpress, published 2013:— Você acha que não deve ir? perguntou-lhe minha mãe. — Acho que não. Que amizade é essa que eu nunca vi?(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1912, João do Rio, A Bella Madame Vargas, Rio de Janeiro: F. Briguiet & C$^{ia}$, 2nd Act, page 128:Não discuto o acaso, que tem contingencias. Nada é moral. Mas acho que tudo é digno quando se procura conservar com sacrificio de um, de cem, ou de um milhão d’homens a honra de uma senhora.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (transitive) to think (to have an opinion regarding the worth of someone or something) [with de ‘of/about/concerning someone/something’]
    Synonym: pensar
    O que acharam do novo livro?What did they think of the new book?
    Me diga o que você acha.Let me know what you think.
* (pronominal, copulative) to be (in the given state or condition)
    Synonyms: estar, encontrar-se
    O livro se acha aberto.The book is open.
** 1752, Matias Aires, chapter LXXX, in Reflexões sobre a Vaidade dos Homens (Dissertation); republished Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional, 1980:A virtude muitas vezes se acha com mistura de algum vício; no vício também se podem encontrar alguns raios de virtude; incapazes de um ser constante, e sólido, apenas se pode dar em nós virtude sem mancha, ou perfeito vício: a justiça também se compõe de iniquidade, semelhante à harmonia, que não pode subsistir sem dissonância, antes com correspondência certa, a dissonância é uma parte da harmonia.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (slang, pronominal) to be arrogant or act arrogantly; to think too highly of oneself
    Aquele otário está se achando com seu carro rebaixado.That sucker is being arrogant with his lowrider.
** 2010, Guilherme & Santiago, “Tá Se Achando”, in Ao Vivo no Trio:Tá se achando bacana, gostosa, um mulherão / Rasga dinheiro, tem gelo dentro do coração / Tá se achando bacana, gostosa, um mulherão / Pintou saudade, tô sabendo, vai correr pro meu portão(please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

##### Related terms

* inchar
* soprar

##### Descendants

* Guinea-Bissau Creole: otca
* Kabuverdianu: atcha
* Macanese: achâ

### Etymology 2

From Hindi आचार (ācār) and Urdu آچار (āćār), from Persian آچار (âčâr).

#### Noun

achar m (plural achares)
* achar (a spicy and salty pickle of Indian cuisine)

### Further reading

* “achar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025