# juk
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Cantonese 粥 (zuk1) or Korean 죽 (juk). Doublet of zhou and jook.

### Noun

juk (uncountable)
* (Korean or Cantonese contexts) Synonym of congee.
** For quotations using this term, see Citations:juk.

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch juk.

### Noun

juk (plural jukke)
* yoke

#### Derived terms

* jukskei
* roerjuk

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch joc, juc, from Old Dutch *juk, from Proto-Germanic *juką, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm. Compare German Joch, West Frisian jok, English yoke, Danish åg, Swedish ok.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ʏk
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

juk n (plural jukken, diminutive jukje n)
* a yoke
* a burden; something which represses or restrains a person

#### Descendants

* Negerhollands: jok

## Gothic
### Romanization

juk
* Romanization of 𐌾𐌿𐌺

## Kamkata-viri
### Alternative forms

* jü (Kamviri)
* jukuř (Eastern Kata-viri, Kamviri)

### Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *jūtā, from earlier *duyitā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰúgʰHtā, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒuk/

### Noun

juk f (Western Kata-viri)
* daughter
* woman

### References

* ↑ Strand, Richard F. (2016) “ǰ′uk”, in Nûristânî Etymological Lexicon‎

## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Cognate with Latvian juk, with further origin unclear. Has been taken as a derivative of jùnkti (“to get used to”). Endzelins compares the word to Proto-Germanic *juką (“yoke”). According to Ostrowski, from a conflation of juõ (“especially”) +‎ kaĩ (“when”). (Can this etymology be sourced?)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjʊ̂kʰ]

### Particle

jùk
* emphatic particle: after all

### References

* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “jùk”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 236
* ↑ “juk”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
* ↑ Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965) “jùk”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume I, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 196

### Further reading

* “juk”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
* Vytautas Ambrazas (2006) Lithuanian Grammar, 2nd revised edition, pages 401–402
* Norbert Ostrowski (2015) “The Origin of the Lithuanian Particle »jùk«”, in Artūras Judžentis & Stephan Kessler, editor, Contributions to Morphology and Syntax. Proceedings of the 4th Greifswald University Conference on Baltic Languages‎, pages 201–215

## Middle Low German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jʏk/

### Pronoun

jük
* (personal pronoun, dative, accusative) Alternative form of jû.

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* juka

### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یوك (yük). Doublet of wiuk.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjuk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uk
* Syllabification: juk

### Noun

juk m inan (related adjective juczny)
* (usually in the plural) saddlebag, kyack
    Synonym: wiuk

#### Derived terms

* juczność
* juczyć impf

#### Related terms

* wiuczny

### Further reading

* juk in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* juk in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “JUKI”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* Marek Kunicki-Goldfinger (06.09.2023) “JUK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “juki”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna

## Quechua
### Alternative forms

* huk

### Numeral

juk
* one

## Semai
### Etymology

From Proto-Aslian *ɟuŋ (“leg, foot”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟuŋ ~ *ɟuəŋ ~ *ɟəŋ (“leg, foot”). Cognate with Khmer ជើង (cəəng), Bahnar jơ̆ng, Mon ဇိုၚ် and Vietnamese chân. Munda cognates include Santali ᱡᱟᱝᱜᱟ (jaṅga).

### Noun

juk
* (Anatomy) leg

### References

* ↑ Basrim bin Ngah Aching (2008) Kamus Engròq Semay – Engròq Malaysia, Kamus Bahasa Semai – Bahasa Malaysia, Bangi: Institut Alam dan Tamadun Melayu, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

## Volapük
### Noun

juk (nominative plural juks)
* shoe

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

#### Derived terms

* jukel
* jukön