# قامچی
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* قامجی (kamçı)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kamčï (“whip”), a derivation from *kam- (“to beat, strike down”). Cognate with Azerbaijani qamçı, Bashkir ҡамсы (qamsı), Karakhanid قَمْجٖى (qamčï̄), Kazakh қамшы (qamşy), Kyrgyz камчы (kamcı), Turkmen gamçy, Uyghur قامچا (qamcha) and Uzbek qamchi.

### Noun

قامچی • (kamçı) (definite accusative قامچیی (kamçıyı), plural قامچیلر (kamçılar))
* whip, lash, a pliant, flexible instrument used to direct and herd animals, or to strike a person as a punishment
    Synonyms: تازیانه (taziyane), سوط (savt), قرباچ (kırbaç)

#### Derived terms

* عربه‌جی قامچیسی (ʼarabacı kamçısı, “whip used by a carter”)
* قامچی اورمق (kamçı urmak, “to whip”)
* قامچی ایپك (kamçı ipek, “silk of ordinary quality”)
* قامچی باشی (kamçı başı, “sort of coarse cloth”)
* قامچی قلج (kamçı kılıc, “sort of narrow-bladed sabre”)
* قامچی قویروق (kamçı kuyruk, “nag, useless horse”)
* قامچی چالمق (kamçı çalmak, “to whip”)
* قامچی یمك (kamçı yemek, “to receive a whipping”)
* قامچیلامق (kamçılamak, “to whip”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: kamçı
* → Albanian: kamxhik
* → Arabic:
    North Levantine Arabic: قَمْچة (qamče), قَمْشة (qamše)
    South Levantine Arabic: قَمْشة (qamše)
    Iraqi Arabic: قَمْچي (qamči)
    Egyptian Arabic: قَمْشَة (ʔamša) (rare)
    Yemeni Arabic: قَامِس (gāmis), قَامِش (qāmiš)
** →? Tigre: ሐነጅ (ḥänäǧ)
* → Armenian: ղամչի (ġamčʻi), ղամշի (ġamši), խամչի (xamčʻi), կամշի (kamši)
* → Bulgarian: камчи́я (kamčíja), камджи́я (kamdžíja)
* → Kurdish:
    Northern Kurdish: qamçî
    Central Kurdish: قەمچی (qemçî), قامچی (qamçî)
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ка̀нџија, ка̀мџија
    Latin script: kàndžija, kàмdžija

### References

* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kamçı:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 626

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “قامچی”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 472
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kamçı”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2369
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “قامچی”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 352b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قامچی”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 935b
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Flagellum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 587
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قامچی”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 3597–3598
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kamçı”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “288. CAMǦÍCǍ sb. f. pl. camǧitse”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 95
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قامچی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1423b