# 老爺
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lǎoyé, lǎoye
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˇ ㄧㄝˊ, ㄌㄠˇ ˙ㄧㄝ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лое (loi͡ə, II-I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lou$^5$ je$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lau$^2$ yie$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ló-yà
    (Hailu, HRS): lo$^ˊ$ rha
* Jin (Wiktionary): lau$^1$ ie$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ló-iâ / nó͘-iâ / lāu-iâ / lǎu-iâ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lao$^6$ ia$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǎoyé
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇ ㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǎoyé
*** Wade–Giles: lao$^3$-yeh$^2$
*** Yale: lǎu-yé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laoye
*** Palladius: лаое (laoje)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǎoye
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇ ˙ㄧㄝ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǎoye̊
*** Wade–Giles: lao$^3$-yeh$^5$
*** Yale: lǎu-ye
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lao.ie
*** Palladius: лаое (laoje)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴ jɛ⁴/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$姥爺 / 姥爷 老爺 / 老爷
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лое (loi͡ə, II-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɔ⁵¹ iə²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lou$^5$ je$^4$
*** Yale: lóuh yèh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lou$^5$ je$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lou$^5$ yé$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lou̯¹³ jɛː²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lau$^2$ yie$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lau⁵⁵ jiɛ²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ló-yà
*** Hakka Romanization System: lo$^ˋ$ ia$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lo$^3$ ya$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /lo³¹ i̯a¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ló-yà
*** Hakka Romanization System: lo$^ˋ$ (r)ia$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lo$^3$ ya$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /lo³¹ (j)i̯a¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: lo$^ˊ$ rha
*** Sinological IPA: /lo²⁴⁻³³ ʒa⁵⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: lau$^1$ ie$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /lau¹¹ ie¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ló-iâ
*** Tâi-lô: ló-iâ
*** Phofsit Daibuun: loyiaa
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ia¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /lo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ia²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ia²³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nó͘-iâ
*** Tâi-lô: nóo-iâ
*** Phofsit Daibuun: nofiaa
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /nɔ̃⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ia²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāu-iâ
*** Tâi-lô: lāu-iâ
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lauxiaa
*** IPA (Penang): /lau²¹ ia²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lau³³⁻¹¹ ia²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lau²²⁻²¹ ia¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lau³³⁻²¹ ia²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lau²²⁻²¹ ia²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lǎu-iâ
*** Tâi-lô: lǎu-iâ
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lau²² ia²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lao$^6$ ia$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lău iâ
*** Sinological IPA : /lau³⁵⁻¹¹ ia⁵⁵/

### Noun

老爺
* master; lord
* (Mandarin, Jin, colloquial) Alternative form of 姥爺 / 姥爷 (lǎoye, “maternal grandfather; grandpa”)
* (Cantonese) father-in-law (husband's father)
* (Wanrong Mandarin, Jin) great-grandfather (particularly paternal grandfather's father)
* (Taiwanese Hakka) one's old father
* Term of address to a master by a servant.
* Term of address used by a woman to her husband.
* (Teochew) male god; deity

#### Synonyms

* (father-in-law):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 公公, 家翁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 公公 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 公公 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 公公, 老公公 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 老公公 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 家公 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 公公 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 公 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 公公 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 阿公 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 阿公 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 老公公, 公公 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 公公 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 公公 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 公公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 公公, 老人公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 公公, 爹爹 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 老公公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 老公公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 家公 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 老公公 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 公 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 公 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 老公公, 公公 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 家公 non-face-to-face, 大人公 non-face-to-face, dated, 老爺 face-to-face |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 家公 non-face-to-face, 老爺 face-to-face |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 老爺 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 老爺, 旦人公 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 家公 non-face-to-face, 老爺 face-to-face |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 老爺 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 公公, 公家, 公家老子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 公兒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 公公 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 家官 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 家官 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 家官 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 家公, 家翁, 大娘公 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 家公 |
| Hakka | Changting | 家官 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 家官 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 家官 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 家官 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 家官 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 家官 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 家官 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 家官 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 家官 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 家官 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 家官 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 家官 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 家官 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 家官 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 公 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 公公 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 老爺爺, 公公 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 公公 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 公 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 公仔 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 爹爹 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 大公 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 公爹 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 老官 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 老官 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 官郎, 老官 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 老官 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 爹官 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 阿公 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 爹官 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 大官 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 爹官 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 阿爹 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 大官 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 大官仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 大官, 翁官 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 大家官 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 大官 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 家翁 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 家翁 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 大官 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 大官 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 爹 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 公公, 阿公, 公爹, 公阿爹 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 公 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 阿公 |
| Wu | Danyang | 公公 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 阿公, 阿公老頭兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 公公 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 大官爺 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 公 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 家爺, 家爺老子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 家爺 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 家爺 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 阿公 |
* (great-grandfather):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 曾祖 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 曾祖父, 曾祖 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 老祖兒, 曾祖父 non-face-to-face |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 曾祖父 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 太爺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 太爺, 老太爺, 曾祖父 non-face-to-face |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 老爺爺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 老太爺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 老爺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 太爺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 太爺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 老太爺 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 太爺爺 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 太爺 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 太爺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 祖祖 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 老爺爺, 老爹爹 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 老祖祖, 老祖, 祖祖 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 老公公 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 太爹, 太公 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 太爺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 太公, 太太, 男太太 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 太爺, 太公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 太爺, 太公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 太公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 太公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 太公 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 白公 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 白公 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 阿伯 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 太公 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 太公 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 太公 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 曾公 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 老公公 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 公太 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 公白 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 阿公太 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 老太公 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 公白 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 太公 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 公太 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 公太 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 阿太 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 公太 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 公太 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Changting | 太公 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 太公 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 公太 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 公太 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 公太 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 公太 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 太公 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 太公 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 男子太 non-face-to-face, 太太 face-to-face |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 公太 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 公太 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 太公 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 公太, 阿太, 阿公太 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 公太, 阿太, 阿公太 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 公太, 阿太, 阿公太 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 阿太, 細倈太, 公太, 阿公太 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 公太, 阿太, 阿公太 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 太公, 公太, 阿太 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 公太, 阿太 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 阿祖 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 祖公, 太公 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 公祖 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 公祖 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 公佬 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 公太 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 公太 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 阿公太 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 公太 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 太公 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 公太 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 太朝 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 太朝 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 太公, 太朝, 太老朝兒, 老爺爺 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 老爺 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 老爺爺啊 face-to-face, 老爺爺 non-face-to-face |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 太公 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 大翁 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 大公 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 大翁 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 大翁 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 大翁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 大公 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 阿祖 face-to-face, 俺祖 face-to-face, 太公 non-face-to-face |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 太公 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 公祖, 太公 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 阿祖, 查埔祖 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 阿祖 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 查埔祖, 阿祖 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 阿祖, 查埔祖 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 阿祖, 阿祖公 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 阿祖 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 查埔祖 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 阿祖, 查埔祖 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 查埔祖 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 阿祖, 查埔祖 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 祖祖, 俺祖 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 阿祖, 查埔祖 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 老公, 阿祖 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 太公 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 老公 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 老公 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 老公 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 老, 老老, 老公 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 老公 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 老公 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 老公 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 公祖 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 公祖, 阿公 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 祖公, 公祖, 公祖爸 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 大公 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 大公 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 太公 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 太爹, 祖公 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 太公, 男太太, 曾祖, 曾祖父 non-face-to-face |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 太公, 太太 face-to-face |
| Wu | Suzhou | 太公 |
| Wu | Danyang | 太爺爺, 太公 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 太爺爺, 太公 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 太公, 阿太 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 男老太, 男太, 阿太, 老太 non-face-to-face |
| Wu | Jinhua | 太公 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 曾祖父, 老爹爹 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 老毑 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 太唧 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 太爺 |

### Adjective

老爺
* (attributive) old; vintage; classic
* (Cantonese, Malaysian Hokkien) old; old-fashioned

### Derived terms

* 土地老爺放屁 / 土地老爷放屁
* 大老爺 / 大老爷
* 天老爺 / 天老爷 (tiānlǎoye)
* 姑老爺 / 姑老爷
* 官老爺 / 官老爷 (guānlǎoyé)
* 老爺兒 / 老爷儿
* 老爺子 / 老爷子 (lǎoyézi)
* 老爺廟 / 老爷庙
* 老爺爺 / 老爷爷 (lǎoyéye)
* 老爺車 / 老爷车 (lǎoyéchē)
* 舅老爺 / 舅老爷
* 親家老爺 / 亲家老爷 (qìngjiā lǎoyé)
* 青天大老爺 / 青天大老爷

### Descendants

* → Mongolian: ноён (nojon)
** → English: noyan

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 老 | 爺 |
| おや Grade: 4 | じ Hyōgai |
| irregular ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おやじ [óꜜyàjì] (Atamadaka –)
* (Tokyo) おやじ [òyájí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [o̞ja̠ʑi]

#### Noun

老(おや)爺(じ) • (oyaji)
* 親父: one's father

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 老 | 爺 |
| ろう Grade: 4 | や Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ろーや [róꜜòyà] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɾo̞ːja̠]

#### Noun

老(ろう)爺(や) • (rōya)
* old man
    Antonym: 老婆 (rōba)

### References

* 1 2 3 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 老 | 爺 |

### Noun

老爺 • (noya) (hangeul 노야)
* hanja form of 노야