# sín
## Eastern Maninkakan
### Alternative scripts

* ߛߌ߲ (nko)

### Noun

sín
* breast

#### Alternative scripts

* ߛߌ߲߫ (nko)

### Verb

sín
* to face, be opposite

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sʊin]

### Etymology 1
#### Pronoun

sín
* reflexive pronoun, genitive third-person of seg
** hann sendi eitt bræv til sín sjálvs
    he sent a letter to himself

##### Declension

Reflexive pronouns - Afturbent fornavn :
| Singular (eintal), Plural (fleirtal) | 3. m, f, n |
| Nominative (hvørfall) | — |
| Accusative (hvønnfall) | seg |
| Dative (hvørjumfall) | sær |
| Genitive (hvørsfall) | sín |

##### References

* Höskuldur Thráinsson, Hjalmar P. Petersen, Jógvan í Lon Jacobsen, Zakaris Svabo Hansen: Faroese : An Overview and Reference Grammar. Tórshavn: Føroya Fróðskaparfelag, 2004 (p. 119 f., 325 ff.)

### Etymology 2

Old Norse sínn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz.

#### Pronoun

sín
* his, her, its, their; the third person possessive pronoun

##### Declension

Possessive pronoun - ognarfornavn :
| Singular (eintal) | m | f | n |
| Nominative (hvørfall) | sín | sín | sítt |
| Accusative (hvønnfall) | sín | sína | sítt |
| Dative (hvørjumfall) | sínum | síni / sínari | sínum |
| Genitive (hvørsfall) | (síns) | (sínar) | (síns) |
| Plural (fleirtal) | m | f | n |
| Nominative (hvørfall) | sínir | sínar | síni |
| Accusative (hvønnfall) | sínar | sínar | síni |
| Dative (hvørjumfall) | sínum | sínum | sínum |
| Genitive (hvørsfall) | (sína) | (sína) | (sína) |

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃiːn]
* Hyphenation: sín
* Rhymes: -iːn

### Etymology 1

From German Schiene (“rail”).

#### Noun

sín (plural sínek)
* rail

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

sí +‎ -n

#### Noun

sín
* superessive singular of sí

### Further reading

* sín in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Icelandic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronoun

sín
* genitive of sig

##### Derived terms

* axla sín skinn
* vera sjálfs sín herra
* laða til sín
* kalla til sín
* mega sín mikils
* blygðast sín
* mega missa sín
* taka orð sín aftur
* mega sín ekki við
* segja til sín
* segir til sín
* vera miður sín
* njóta sín
* vænta sín
* skipa milli sín
* njóta sín
* kalla til sín
* gæta sín
* vista til sín
* falla á sjálfs sín bragði
* halda orð sín
* hefna sín
* kveðja til sín
* mega sín mikils
* hefna sín á
* tala sín á milli
* skipta á milli sín
* skammast sín
* sín á milli

### Etymology 2
#### Determiner

sín
* inflection of sinn (“his/her(s)/its”):
** feminine nominative singular
** neuter nominative plural
** neuter accusative plural

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃiːnʲ/

### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish sínid, from Proto-Celtic *sīnīti, from the same root as *sīros (“long”) (compare Old Irish sír, Welsh hir), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (“late, long”) (compare Sanskrit साय (sāyá, “evening”), Latin sērus (“late”), Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (seiþus, “late”).

#### Verb

sín (present analytic síneann, future analytic sínfidh, verbal noun síneadh, past participle sínte)
* to stretch, extend
* to pass (transfer from one person to another, hand over)
* to lengthen

##### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | sínim | síneann tú; sínir$^†$ | síneann sé, sí | sínimid | síneann sibh | síneann siad; sínid$^†$ | a shíneann; a shíneas / a síneann* | síntear |
| indicative | past | shín mé; shíneas | shín tú; shínis | shín sé, sí | shíneamar; shín muid | shín sibh; shíneabhair | shín siad; shíneadar | a shín / ar shín* | síneadh |
| indicative | past habitual | shíninn / síninn‡‡ | shínteá / sínteá‡‡ | shíneadh sé, sí / síneadh sé, sí‡‡ | shínimis; shíneadh muid / sínimis‡‡; síneadh muid‡‡ | shíneadh sibh / síneadh sibh‡‡ | shínidís; shíneadh siad / sínidís‡‡; síneadh siad‡‡ | a shíneadh / a síneadh* | shíntí / síntí‡‡ |
| future | future | sínfidh mé; sínfead | sínfidh tú; sínfir$^†$ | sínfidh sé, sí | sínfimid; sínfidh muid | sínfidh sibh | sínfidh siad; sínfid$^†$ | a shínfidh; a shínfeas / a sínfidh* | sínfear |
| conditional | conditional | shínfinn / sínfinn‡‡ | shínfeá / sínfeá‡‡ | shínfeadh sé, sí / sínfeadh sé, sí‡‡ | shínfimis; shínfeadh muid / sínfimis‡‡; sínfeadh muid‡‡ | shínfeadh sibh / sínfeadh sibh‡‡ | shínfidís; shínfeadh siad / sínfidís‡‡; sínfeadh siad‡‡ | a shínfeadh / a sínfeadh* | shínfí / sínfí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go síne mé; go sínead$^†$ | go síne tú; go sínir$^†$ | go síne sé, sí | go sínimid; go síne muid | go síne sibh | go síne siad; go sínid$^†$ | — | go síntear |
| subjunctive | past | dá síninn | dá sínteá | dá síneadh sé, sí | dá sínimis; dá síneadh muid | dá síneadh sibh | dá sínidís; dá síneadh siad | — | dá síntí |
| imperative | imperative | sínim | sín | síneadh sé, sí | sínimis | sínigí; sínidh$^†$ | sínidís | — | síntear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | síneadh | síneadh | síneadh | síneadh | síneadh | síneadh | síneadh | síneadh |
| past participle | past participle | sínte | sínte | sínte | sínte | sínte | sínte | sínte | sínte |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Etymology 2

From Old French signe, seing (“sign; mark; signature”), from Latin signum (“a mark; sign; token”). Doublet of séan.

#### Noun

sín f (genitive singular síne, nominative plural síneacha)
* sign
    Synonym: comhartha

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
sín
síneacha
vocative
a shín
a shíneacha
genitive
síne
síneacha
dative
sín
síneacha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an tsín
na síneacha
genitive
na síne
na síneacha
dative
leis an tsín don tsín
leis na síneacha :

##### Derived terms

* sínigh (“to sign”)

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

sín f
* (archaic, dialectal) dative singular of síon

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 337
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 sínid (‘stretch out, extend’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “sínim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 641
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sín”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 67

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *sīnā (“weather”). Cognate with Welsh hin and Breton hinon (“good weather”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsʲiːn/ (nominative singular and genitive plural)
* IPA: /ˈsʲiːnʲ/ (accusative and dative singular)

### Noun

sín f (genitive síne, nominative plural sína)
* weather
** c. 850 Glosses on the Carlsruhe Beda, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 10–30, Bcr. 33$^b$14
    .i. conscuchud suas ar ómun inna sín⁠.i.e. moving upwards for fear of the storms.
** Tecosca Cormaic, published in Tecosca Cormaic. The Instructions of King Cormaic Mac Airt (1909, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Kuno Meyer, page 36, §17, line 8
    Dech do sínaib céo […]The best of weathers is mist […]

#### Usage notes

Often, but not always, with negative connotations.

#### Inflection

Feminine ā-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | sín$^L$ | sín$^L$ | sína$^H$ |
| Vocative | sín$^L$ | sín$^L$ | sína$^H$ |
| Accusative | sín$^N$ | sín$^L$ | sína$^H$ |
| Genitive | síne$^H$ | sín$^L$ | sín$^N$ |
| Dative | sín$^L$ | sínaib | sínaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: sín
** Irish: síon
** Scottish Gaelic: sian

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sīnā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 336

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 sín”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Old Norse
### Determiner

sín
* inflection of sínn:
** feminine nominative singular
** neuter nominative/accusative plural

### Pronoun

sín
* genitive of sik