# گرم
## Burushaski
### Etymology

Borrowed from Hindi ग्राम (grām).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡiram]

### Noun

گرم (giram)
* village

### References

* Bechtholdt, Astrid (2025) “giram”, in Burushaski Hunza Dictionary (Webonary), Dallas, Texas, USA: SIL International, published 2017.

## Gujarati
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm)

### Adjective

گرم • (garam) (Standard Gujarati ગરમ) (Lisan ud-Dawat)
* hot

## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (glm /⁠garm⁠/, “warm”), from Proto-Iranian *garmáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰarmás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“to warm, heat”), whence also English warm. Cognate with Khotanese garma- (“hot”), etc.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɡaɾm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ɡäɾm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ɡäɾm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ɡäɾm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ɡäɾm]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɡʲæɹm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɡäɾm]
* (Iran) IPA: [ɡʲæːɾm]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

#### Adjective

| Dari | گرم |
| Iranian Persian | گرم |
| Tajik | гарм |
گرم • (garm) (comparative گرم‌تَر (garm-tar), superlative گرم‌تَرین (garm-tarin))
* warm, hot
    Antonym: سرد (sard, “cold”)
    در بیابان هوا خیلی گرم استdar biyâbân havâ xeyli garm ast.In the desert, the weather is very hot.
* (figurative) warm, enthusiastic, passionate
    Antonym: سرد (sard, “cold, lukewarm”)
* (figurative) impressive, charming
* (figurative) friendly

##### Derived terms

* اسلحه گرم (aslahe garm, “firearm”)
* خون گرم (xun-garm, “sympathetic”)
* دمت گرم (damet garm, “bravo”)
* شیر گرم (šir-garm, “lukewarm”)
* گرم خیز (garm-xiz, “nimble, lively”)
* گرم رو (garm-row, “quick runner”)
* گرم سرد (garm-sard, “tepid, lukewarm”)
* گرما گرم (garmâ-garm, “fresh-hot”)
* گرمسیر (garmsir, “tropical area”)
* گرمی (garmi, “heat”)

##### Related terms

* گرما (garmâ, “hot weather”)
* گرمابه (garmâbe, “bathhouse, hammam”)

##### Descendants

* → Assamese: গৰম (gorom)
* → Bengali: গরম (gorom)
* → Gujarati: ગરમ (garam)
* → Hindustani:
** Hindi: गर्म (garm)
** Urdu: گرم (garm)
* → Malay: geram
** Indonesian: geram
* → Marathi: गरम (garam)
* → Odia: ଗରମ (garama)
* → Punjabi: ਗਰਮ (garam)
* → Sylheti: ꠉꠞꠝ (goromo)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French gramme.

#### Pronunciation

* (Iran) IPA: [ɡʲeˈɾæm]

#### Noun

گرم • (geram) (plural گرم‌ها (geram-hâ))
* gram

### Etymology 3

Cognate with Russian горе (gore).

#### Noun

گرم • (gorm)
* (archaic) grief

### References

* ↑ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 161

## Sindhi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡərəmʊ]

### Adjective

گَرَمُ • (garamu) (Devanagari गरमु)
* warm, hot
* passionate, excited, brisk (trade)

### References

* Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “گَرَمُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
* Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988) “گَرَمُ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian گرم (garm). Compare Bengali গরম (gorom), Gujarati ગરમ (garam), Marathi गरम (garam), Assamese গৰম (gorom).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɡə.ɾəm/, /ɡəɾm/

### Adjective

گرم • (garm) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling गर्म)
* warm; hot
* active, live; fresh
* angry, furious

#### Related terms

* گرمی (garmī)

## Ushojo
### Etymology

From Urdu گرم (garm).

### Adjective

گرم (garm)
* warm, hot