# hal
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

hal (definite accusative halı, sound plural hallar, broken plural əhval)
* condition, state
    Synonyms: vəziyyət, durum
* state of mind, mood
    Synonym: əhval-ruhiyyə
* the physical or mental strength to do something
    Synonyms: güc, qüvvət, taqət
* (grammar) case
    Azərbaycan dilində ismin 6 halı var. ― Nouns have 6 [grammatical] cases in Azerbaijani.

#### Derived terms

* hal-əhval
* halsız
** halsızca
** halsızlıq
* hallanmaq
** hallandırmaq
* adlıq hal (“nominative”)
* yiyəlik hal (“genitive”)
* təsirlik hal (“accusative”)
* yerlik hal (“locative”)
* çıxışlıq hal (“ablative”)
* birgəlik hal (“comitative”)
* alətlik hal (“instrumental case”)
* barəlik hal (“prepositional case”)

#### Related terms

* əhli-hal

### Further reading

* “hal” in Obastan.com.

## Burushaski
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [hal]

### Noun

hal (plural haljo)
* fox

### References

Sadaf Munshi (2015) “Word Lists”, in Burushaski Language Documentation Project‎.

## Chut
### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *haːr; cognate with Vietnamese hai, Muong hal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːl¹/

### Numeral

hal
* two

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦal]

### Verb

hal
* second-person singular imperative of halit

## Danish
### Etymology 1

Old Norse hǫll (“large living room”)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hal/, [halˀ]
* Rhymes: -aːl

#### Noun

hal c (singular definite hallen, plural indefinite haller)
* hall
* sports centre

##### Derived terms

* ankomsthal c
* bingohal c
* boblehal c
* forhal c
* gildehal c
* montagehal c
* sportshal c
* svømmehal c
* synshal c

### Etymology 2

See hale.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːl/, [hæːˀl]

#### Verb

hal
* imperative of hale

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦɑl/
* Hyphenation: hal
* Rhymes: -ɑl
* Homophones: Hal, Hall

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch halle, from Old Dutch *halla, from Proto-West Germanic *hallu, from Proto-Germanic *hallō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to hide, cover, conceal”).
Cognate with Low German Hall, German Halle, English hall, Danish hall.

#### Noun

hal f (plural hallen, diminutive halletje n)
* hall, hallway

##### Derived terms

* blaashal
* fabriekshal
* inkomhal
* kunsthal
* lakenhal
* luchthal
* markthal
* medehal
* opblaashal
* schaatshal
* vertrekhal
* vleeshal

##### Descendants

* Negerhollands: hal
* → Papiamentu: hal (dated)

### Etymology 2

Perhaps related to Old Norse héla (“hoarfrost”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

#### Noun

hal n (plural hallen, diminutive halletje n)
* frozen ground

##### Alternative forms

* hel

## Haida
### Pronoun

hal
* he, she, it (3rd person singular personal pronoun, weak-A or weak-B)
* his, her, its, their (3rd person possessive pronoun, weak-B)

#### Usage notes

* Weak pronouns are placed right before the verb; strong pronouns are placed at the start of the sentence (focus position) and are followed by the focus marker uu.
* Some Haida verbs use pronouns from set A, while other verbs need pronouns from set B.

#### See also

| | weak-A | strong-A | weak-B | strong-B |
| 1st person sing. | hl | hláa | díi | díi |
| 2nd person sing. | dáng | dáa | dáng | dáng |
| 3rd person sing. | hal | ʼláa | hal | ʼláa |
| 1st person plural | tʼaláng | tʼaláng | íitlʼ | íitlʼ |
| 2nd person plural | daláng | daláng | daláng | daláng |
| 3rd person pl. indef. | tlʼ | tlʼáa | tlʼ | tlʼáa |

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhɒl]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒl
* Hyphenation: hal

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Uralic *kala. Cognates include Northern Khanty хўԓ (hŭł), Northern Mansi хӯл (hūl), Erzya and Moksha кал (kal), Finnish and Estonian kala.

#### Noun

hal (plural halak)
* fish

##### Derived terms

* halacska
* halas
* halász
* halászik
* halpaprikás
* halszem → halszemoptika
* aranyhal
* bohóchal
* ebihal
* harcoshal
* kardhal
* lepényhal
* naphal
* ördöghal
* tintahal
* tonhal
* tőkehal
* él, mint hal a vízben

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Uralic *kale-. Cognates include Northern Mansi хо̄луӈкве (hōluňkve), Finnish kuolla, Erzya and Moksha куломс (kuloms).

#### Verb

hal
* (intransitive) to die (to stop living; to become dead)
    Perfective: meghal

##### Usage notes

This form normally occurs when a verbal prefix is separated from the verb:
* hal (…) meg, meg … hal ― meghal
* and some more, see its derivatives with verbal prefixes.

##### Derived terms

* halandó
* halál
* haldoklik
* halhatatlan
* halott
(With verbal prefixes):
* behal
* belehal
* elhal
* kihal
* meghal
* szörnyethal
* élve vagy halva

##### Related terms

* holt

### References

* ↑ Entry #228 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
* ↑ hal in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* (fish): hal in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* (to die): hal in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Icelandic
### Noun

hal
* indefinite accusative singular of halur
* indefinite dative singular of halur

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hal/
* Rhymes: -hal, -al, -l
* Hyphenation: hal

### Etymology 1

From Malay hal, from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).

#### Noun

hal (plural hal-hal)
* circumstance, state, condition
* affair, case, problem, thing
* cause

##### Synonyms

* (circumstance, state, condition) kondisi, keadaan, situasi
* (affair, problem, case) permasalahan, kasus
* (cause) sebab

##### Derived terms

* berhal (“to be busy, to have problem”)
* terhal (“to be obstructed, to be held”)

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

hal (plural hal-hal)
* (colloquial) galvanized sheet iron

### References

* ↑ Erwina Burhanuddin, Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan, R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian]‎, Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC

### Further reading

* “hal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Luxembourgish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːl/

### Verb

hal
* second-person singular imperative of halen

## Maleng
### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *haːr, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaar; cognate with Vietnamese hai.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːl¹/

### Numeral

hal
* two

## Middle English
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

hal (plural hales)
* Alternative form of halle (“hall”)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

hal (plural halles)
* Alternative form of al (“awl”)

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

hal (plural hales)
* Alternative form of hale (“nook, cranny”)

### Etymology 4
#### Adjective

hal
* (Northern) Alternative form of hole (“healthy, whole”)

##### Descendants

* Geordie English: hyel
* Scots: hale

### Etymology 5
#### Verb

hal
* simple past of helen (“to cover”)
    Synonym: heled

## Muong
### Alternative forms

* hàl

### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *haːr, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaar; cognate with Vietnamese hai.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːl¹/

### Numeral

hal
* (Mường Bi, cardinal numbers) two

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* hǣl

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hail, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole, intact, well-omened”).
Cognate with Old Frisian hēl (West Frisian hiel), Old Saxon hēl (Low German hel, heel, heil) Dutch heel, geheel (“healthy”), Old High German heil (German heil (“healthy”)), Old Norse heill (Danish and Swedish hel (“whole”)), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (hails), Vandalic eils. The Proto-Indo-European root is also the source of Old Church Slavonic целъ (celŭ) (Russian це́лый (célyj, “whole, healthy”)), Ancient Greek κοῖλυ (koîlu, “goodness, beauty”), Welsh coel (“sign”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xɑːl/, [hɑːl]

### Adjective

hāl
* sound, healthy, intact
** Iosep axode hwæðer hira fæder wære hal.Joseph asked whether their father was well.(Genesis)
** late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Saint Augustine's Soliloquies
    Gyf þonne ǣfre gebyreð þæt þū þē ful hālne and ful trumne ongytst, and hæafst æalle þīne frēond myd þē, ǣġðer ge on mōde ge on līchaman, and on ðām ilcan worce and on ðām ylcan willum ðe ðē best lyst dōn, hweðer þū ðonne wille bēon āwiht blīðe?If then it ever happen that thou shalt find thyself full whole and full strong, and hast all thy friends with thee, both in mind and in body, and in that same work and in that same will which pleaseth thee best to do, wilt thou then be happy at all?
* whole, undivided

#### Derived terms

* hāliġ
* hālian
* unhāl

#### Descendants

* Middle English: hole
** English: whole
** Scots: hole, holl
** ⇒ Yola: holghe
* Northern Middle English: hal
** Geordie English: hyel
** Scots: hale

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxal/
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: hal

### Noun

hal f
* genitive plural of hala

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish حال (hal), from Arabic حَال (ḥāl).

### Noun

hal n (uncountable)
* situation or condition, most often a bad one
    El a ajuns într-un asemenea hal încât e nevoit să își vândă hainele.He's got into such a situation that he needs to sell his clothes.
* way (with a negative connotation)
    Doar uitați-vă în ce hal se îmbracă!Just look at the way she dresses!

#### Derived terms

* în ultimul hal
* într-un hal fără de hal

## Sumerian
### Romanization

hal
* Romanization of 𒄬 (ḫal)

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse háll.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɑːl/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

hal (comparative halare, superlative halast)
* slippery (having low friction (and therefore being easy to slip on))
    halt väglagslippery road conditions
    VARNING: Trappan är halWARNING: Slippery stairs
* slippery (evasive (and dishonest))
    Hon är hal som en ålShe is slippery as an eel

#### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

#### Derived terms

* bakhal
* glashal
* hal som en ål (“slippery as an eel”)
* halhet
* (vara ute) på hal is
* slemhal
* såphal

#### Related terms

* halka

#### See also

* slirig

### References

* hal in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* hal in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* hal in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* hal in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

## Tagalog
### Adverb

hal (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜎ᜔)
* Abbreviation of halimbawa: e.g.; for example

## Tho
### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *haːr; cognate with Vietnamese hai, Muong hal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːl¹/

### Numeral

hal
* two

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hal/

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French halle.

#### Noun

hal (definite accusative hali, plural haller)
* covered market
    Can halden 3 kilo elma aldı.
       Can bought 3 kilos of apple from the covered market

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish حل, from Arabic حَلّ (ḥall).

#### Noun

hal (definite accusative halli, plural haller)
* solution
    Synonym: çözüm
    Meselenin hallini üzerine aldı.[He/She/It] took the solution of the issue on [him/her/it]self.

##### Usage notes

* Not to be confused with hâl (situation or grammar case)

##### Related terms

* halletmek

#### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hal2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

## Zazaki
### Etymology

From Arabic حَال (ḥāl).

### Noun

hal
* state, condition
* (grammar) case