# Bakhmut
## English
### Alternative forms

* Bachmut

### Etymology

Borrowed from Ukrainian Бахму́т (Baxmút). Named after the nearby Bakhmutka River (aka Bakhmut River), the name of which apparently derives from the word Ukrainian бахма́т (baxmát, “pony; war-horse, pack-horse”) (cf. Russian бахма́т (baxmát) and Polish bachmat), from a Turkic language. Regarding the word бахмат (baxmat) (and its Russian and Polish cognates), linguists offer the following hypotheses:
* It is considered a borrowing from a Turkic (Crimean Tatar, or rather Nogai) language paχn at, in which it is explained (according to Lokotsch and Miklosich, for example) as a compound word formed from Persian پهن (pahn, “wide, broad”) (cf. Ottoman Turkish پهن (pehn)) + at (“horse”) of Common Turkic origin (cf. Nogai at, Crimean Tatar at). Vasmer considers this highly unlikely.
* Menges derives it from a Turkic form of the name Mähmäd ("Mohammed") (cf. Old East Slavic Бохмитъ (Boxmitŭ, “Магомет/Magomet”).
Presumably related place names: Бахматівці, Bachmatówka, Bachmackie Kolonie, Bahmut.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɑxˈmut/, /bɑkˈmut/

### Proper noun

Bakhmut
* A city, the administrative centre of Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine.
** 2022 November 22, Lorenzo Tondo, “Ukraine’s security service raids Russian-backed monastery in Kyiv”, in The Guardian‎:Moscow also appeared to be building up forces and increasing its military efforts on the eastern Donbas front around the key town of Bakhmut.
* A raion of Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine.
* The 2022 Battle of Bakhmut, which occurred around the city during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

#### Synonyms

* Artemivsk (“former name from Ukrainian”) (1924-2016)
* Artyomovsk (“former name from Russian”) (1924-1992, Russian usage)
* Bakhmut District
* Bakhmut Raion
* District of Bakhmut
* Raion of Bakhmut

#### Translations
### See also

* Bachmut
* Bahamut
* Bahmut

### References

* ↑ Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1962–1972) “бахмат”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, →LCCN, page 89
* ↑ Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 128, pages 11-12
* ↑ Miklosich, Fr. (1886) Etymologisches Worterbuch der slavischen Sprachen‎, Wien: Wien W. Braumüller, page 414
* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “бахмат”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* ↑ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бахмат”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “бахмат”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* ↑ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бахмат”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

### Further reading

* Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1962–1972) “бахмат”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, →LCCN, page 89
* Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “бахмат”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 128, pages 11-12
* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бахмат”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: ProgressVasmer, Max (1964–1973) “бахмат”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress