# distinguir
## Galician
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /distiŋˈɡiɾ/ [d̪is̺.t̪iŋˈɡiɾ]
* IPA: (standard) /distiŋˈɡiɾ/ [d̪is̺.t̪iŋˈɡiɾ]
* IPA: (gheada) /distiŋˈħiɾ/ [d̪is̺.t̪iŋˈħiɾ]
* Rhymes: -iɾ
* Hyphenation: dis‧tin‧guir

### Verb

distinguir (first-person singular present distingo, first-person singular preterite distinguín, past participle distinguido) distinguir (first-person singular present distingo, first-person singular preterite distinguim or distingui, past participle distinguido, short past participle distinto, reintegrationist norm)
* to distinguish

#### Conjugation

$^1$Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar. $^2$Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter. $^3$Less recommended.

### Further reading

* “distinguir”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* “distinguir” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

## Occitan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin distinguere.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Béarn):(file)

### Verb

distinguir
* to distinguish
    Synonym: diferenciar

#### Conjugation

| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | distinguir | distinguir | distinguir | ?er distinguit | ?er distinguit | ?er distinguit |
| past participle | past participle | distinguit | distinguit | distinguit | — | — | — |
| gerund | gerund | distinguissent | distinguissent | distinguissent | ?ent distinguit | ?ent distinguit | ?ent distinguit |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | distinguissi | distinguisses | distinguís | distinguissèm | distinguissètz | distinguisson |
| indicative | imperfect | distinguissiái | distinguissiás | distinguissiá | distinguissiam | distinguissiatz | distinguissián |
| indicative | preterite | distinguiguèri | distinguiguères | distinguiguèt | distinguiguèrem | distinguiguèretz | distinguiguèron |
| indicative | future | distinguirai | distinguiràs | distinguirà | distinguirem | distinguiretz | distinguiràn |
| indicative | conditional | distinguiriái | distinguiriás | distinguiriá | distinguiriam | distinguiriatz | distinguirián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | distinguiguèra | distinguiguèras | distinguiguèra | distinguigueram | distinguigueratz | distinguiguèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the present tense of ?er plus the past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect tense of ?er plus the past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the preterite tense of ?er plus the past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the future tense of ?er plus the past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle | use the conditional tense of ?er plus the past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | distinguisca | distinguiscas | distinguisca | distinguiscam | distinguiscatz | distinguiscan |
| subjunctive | imperfect | distinguiguèsse | distinguiguèsses | distinguiguèsse | distinguiguèssem | distinguiguèssetz | distinguiguèsson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the present subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of ?er plus the past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | distinguís | | distinguiscam | distinguissetz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |

#### Related terms

* distincion

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin distinguere.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(h)], /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(h)], /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(ɾ)/, /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /d͡ʒiʃ.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒiʃ.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(χ)], /d͡ʒiʃ.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒiʃ.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡi(ɻ)/, /d͡ʒis.t͡ʃĩˈɡwi(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /dɨʃ.tĩˈɡiɾ/, /diʃ.tĩˈɡiɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /dɨʃ.tĩˈɡiɾ/, /diʃ.tĩˈɡiɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /dɨʃ.tĩˈɡi.ɾi/, /diʃ.tĩˈɡi.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: dis‧tin‧guir

### Verb

distinguir (first-person singular present distingo, first-person singular preterite distingui, past participle distinguido, short past participle distinto)
* to distinguish, discern (tell apart)
* to differentiate

#### Conjugation

$^1$Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar. $^2$Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter.

#### Related terms

* distinção
* distintivo
* distinto
* extinguir

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin distinguere.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /distinˈɡiɾ/ [d̪is.t̪ĩŋˈɡiɾ]
* Rhymes: -iɾ
* Syllabification: dis‧tin‧guir

### Verb

distinguir (first-person singular present distingo, first-person singular preterite distinguí, past participle distinguido)
* to distinguish, discern
* to differentiate, set apart
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 79:La ciencia innata del Perspicaz no tiene nada de diabólico; antes por el contrario, parece que proviene de Dios, que ha querido distinguirlo, premiando acaso en él la virtud de los padres.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to make out, manage to see, hear etc.
    No distingo el número de la casaI cannot make out the house number.
* (reflexive) to stand out, be distinguishable or differentiable, to distinguish oneself
    Se distinguen por su acentoThey stand out because of their accent.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* distinción f
* distinto (adjective)
* extinguir (verb)

#### See also

* reconocer (verb)

### Further reading

* “distinguir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10