# liquid
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English liquide, from Old French liquide, from Latin liquidus (“fluid, liquid, moist”), from liqueō (“to be liquid, be fluid”). Doublet of liquidus. As a term for a consonant, it comes from Latin liquida (cōnsōnāns), a calque of Ancient Greek ὑγρὸν (σύμφωνον) (hugròn (súmphōnon), “liquid consonant”).

### Pronunciation

* enPR: lĭk'wĭd, IPA: /ˈlɪkwɪd/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: liq‧uid
* Rhymes: -ɪkwɪd

### Noun

liquid (countable and uncountable, plural liquids)
* (physical chemistry) A substance that is flowing, and keeping no shape, such as water; a substance of which the molecules, while not tending to separate from one another like those of a gas, readily change their relative position, and which therefore retains no definite shape, except that determined by the containing receptacle; an inelastic fluid.
    Hyponyms: ideal liquid, non-ideal liquid
    Coordinate terms: solid, gas
    A liquid can freeze to become a solid or evaporate into a gas.
** 2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania. […] It was used to make kerosene, the main fuel for artificial lighting after overfishing led to a shortage of whale blubber. Other liquids produced in the refining process, too unstable or smoky for lamplight, were burned or dumped.
* (phonetics) Any of a class of consonant sounds that includes l and r.
    Hypernyms: approximant, consonant
    Coordinate term: glide
** 1996, Adrian Room, An Alphabetical Guide to the Language of Name Studies, page 41:Many female forenames are regarded as euphonyms. What is and is not euphonious is necessarily subjective, but it could be suggested that names containing labials (b, m), sibilants (s, sh) and liquids (l, r) are more likely to be euphonyms than those that do not.
** 1999, Ingo Plag, Morphological Productivity, page 86:[…] -able does not attach to verbs ending in a postconsonantal liquid […]

#### Usage notes

The differentiation of a liquid as an incompressible fluid is not strictly correct, experiments having shown that liquids are compressible to a very limited extent. See fluid.

#### Derived terms

* amber liquid
* bulk liquid
* cashew nutshell liquid
* cryogenic liquid
* dish liquid
* dishwashing liquid
* Dutch liquid
* e-liquid
* fairy liquid
* ferroelectric liquid-crystal display
* gas-liquid chromatography
* high-performance liquid chromatography
* high-pressure liquid chromatography
* ionic liquid
* liquid air
* liquid ammonia
* liquid asset
* liquid bandage
* liquid bomb
* liquid bread
* liquid cosh
* liquid courage
* liquid crystal
* liquid crystal display
* liquid democracy
* liquid diet
* liquid document
* liquid ecstasy
* liquid G
* liquid gas
* liquid glass
* liquid gold
* liquid helium
* liquid laugh
* liquid-like
* liquid lunch
* liquid measure
* liquid mirror
* liquid mirror telescope
* liquid natural gas
* liquid nitrogen
* liquid oxygen
* liquid paper
* liquid paraffin
* liquid phase
* liquid rocket
* liquid sandpaper
* liquid scintillation
* liquid scintillation counter
* liquid smoke
* liquid state machine
* liquid sunshine
* liquid water
* liquid X
* Luttinger liquid
* natural gas liquid
* quantum spin liquid
* semi liquid
* semi-liquid
* Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid
* washing-up liquid
* yellow cross liquid

#### Related terms

* liquidate
* liquidation
* liquidizer
* liquor

#### Translations

Afrikaans: vloeistof (af)
Albanian: lëng (sq) m
Arabic: سَائِل m (sāʔil), مَائِع m (māʔiʕ)
Hijazi Arabic: سايل m (sāyil), مايع m (māyiʕ)
Armenian: հեղուկ (hy) (heġuk)
Assamese: পনীয়া (ponia), জুলীয়া (zulia)
Asturian: líquidu (ast) m
Azerbaijani: maye (az)
Bashkir: шыйыҡса (şıyıqsa)
Basque: likido, isurkari
Belarusian: ва́дкасць (be) f (vádkascʹ)
Bengali: তরল (bn) (torol)
Bulgarian: те́чност (bg) f (téčnost)
Burmese: အရည် (my) (a.rany)
Capanahua: jene
Catalan: líquid (ca) m
Chinese:
Cantonese: 液體 / 液体 (jik$^6$ tai$^2$), 液態 / 液态 (jik$^6$ taai$^3$)
Hokkien: 液體 / 液体 (zh-min-nan) (ia̍k-thé, e̍k-thé)
Mandarin: 液體 / 液体 (zh) (yètǐ), 液態 / 液态 (zh) (yètài)
Crimean Tatar: şingenlik
Czech: kapalina (cs) f, tekutina (cs) f
Danish: væske (da) c
Dutch: vloeistof (nl) f
Egyptian: (rḏw)
Esperanto: likvaĵo, likvo (eo)
Estonian: vedelik
Finnish: neste (fi)
French: liquide (fr) m
Galician: líquido (gl) m
Georgian: სითხე (sitxe)
German: Flüssigkeit (de) f
Greek: υγρό (el) n (ygró)
Hebrew: נוֹזֵל (he) m (nozél)
Hindi: द्रव (hi) m (drav), तरल (hi) (taral)
Hungarian: folyadék (hu), lé (hu)
Icelandic: vökvi (is) m
Indonesian: cairan (id)
Ingrian: nesse
Irish: leacht (ga) m
Italian: liquido (it) m
Japanese: 液体 (ja) (えきたい, ekitai), 流体 (ja) (りゅうたい, ryūtai), リキッド (ja) (rikiddo)
Kazakh: сұйықтық (sūiyqtyq)
Khmer: រាវ (km) (riəw)
Korean: 액체 (ko) (aekche)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: şile (ku) f
Kyrgyz: суюктук (ky) (suyuktuk)
Lao: ທາດແຫຼວ (lo) (thāt lǣu)
Latin: liquidus m, latex m
Latvian: šķidrums (lv) m
Lithuanian: skystis (lt) m
Macedonian: течност (mk) f (tečnost)
Malay: cecair (ms), cairan (ms)
Malayalam: ദ്രാവകം (ml) (drāvakaṁ)
Middle English: licour
Mohawk: ohné:kaʼ
Mongolian: шингэн (mn) (šingen)
Norman: litchide m
Norwegian:
Bokmål: væske (no) m or f
Nynorsk: væske f
Occitan: liquid (oc) m
Old English: wæt n
Pashto: مايع f pl (māyé'), چیستکی m (čistakáy)
Persian: مایع (fa) (mâye'), آبگونه (fa) (âbgune)
Polish: ciecz (pl) f
Portuguese: líquido (pt) m
Romanian: lichid (ro) n
Russian: жи́дкость (ru) f (žídkostʹ)
Scottish Gaelic: lionn m, sùgh m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: те̏чно̄ст f
Roman: tekùćina f (Croatian), tȅčnōst (sh) f
Sinhalese: දියරය (si) (diyaraya)
Slovak: tekutina f, kvapalina f
Slovene: tekočina f
Spanish: líquido (es) m
Swahili: majimaji (sw)
Swedish: vätska (sv) c
Tagalog: likido (tl)
Tajik: моеъ (tg) (moyeʾ)
Thai: ของเหลว (th) (kɔ̌ɔng-lěeo)
Turkish: sıvı (tr), likit (tr)
Turkmen: suwuklyk
Ukrainian: рідина́ (uk) f (ridyná)
Urdu: مائع (mā'i')
Uyghur: سۇيۇقلۇق (suyuqluq)
Uzbek: suyuqlik (uz)
Vietnamese: nước (vi), chất lỏng (vi)
Welsh: hylif (cy) :
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### See also

* fluid

### Adjective

liquid (comparative more liquid, superlative most liquid)
* (physical chemistry) Flowing freely like water; fluid; not solid and not gaseous; composed of particles that move freely among each other on the slightest pressure.
    liquid nitrogen
* (finance, of an asset) Easily sold or disposed of without losing value.
* (finance, of a market) Having sufficient trading activity to make buying or selling easy.
* Flowing or sounding smoothly or without abrupt transitions or harsh tones.
    a liquid melody
* (phonology) Belonging to a class of consonants comprised of the laterals and the rhotics, which in many languages behave similarly.
    /l/ and /r/ are liquid consonants.
* Fluid and transparent.
    the liquid air

#### Synonyms

* (flowing freely like water): flowy, fluxive; see also Thesaurus:runny

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “flowing freely”): solid; gaseous
* (antonym(s) of “easily sold”): illiquid
* (antonym(s) of “having sufficient activity”): illiquid

#### Derived terms

* liquid refreshment
* liquid sky
* liquid soap

#### Related terms

* liquefiable
* liquefy
* liquidity
* liquidous
* liquify

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Further reading

* “liquid”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “liquid”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* liquid on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Middle English
### Adjective

liquid
* Alternative form of liquide

## Occitan
### Etymology

From Latin liquidus.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

liquid m (feminine singular liquida, masculine plural liquids, feminine plural liquidas)
* liquid
** 2019 January 18, “La planeta dels tres pòls magnetics”, in Jornalet‎:Son dins una partida de la planeta liquida, facha de fèrre e niquèl.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* liquidar

### Noun

liquid m (plural liquids)
* liquid

### Further reading

* Joan de Cantalausa (2006) Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians‎, 2 edition, →ISBN, page 607.