# toco
## English
### Etymology 1

Shortening.

#### Noun

toco (plural tocos)
* Clipping of tocodynamometer.

### Etymology 2

From Hindi ठोको (ṭhoko), second-person plural imperative form of ठोकना (ṭhoknā, “to strike, hit, beat”), from Sauraseni Prakrit *𑀞𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀤𑀺 (*ṭhokkadi), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀞𑁄𑀓𑀢𑀺 (*ṭhokati).

#### Alternative forms

* toko

#### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈtəʊ.kəʊ/
* (US) enPR: tōʹkō, IPA: /ˈtoʊ.koʊ/
* Rhymes: -əʊkəʊ

#### Noun

toco (uncountable)
* (obsolete, British slang) Corporal punishment; chastisement; beatings.
** 1857, Thomas Hughes, “Rugby and Football”, in Tom Brown's School Days‎, London: Macmilla and Co., published 1928, page 95:The School leaders come up furious, and administer toco to the wretched fags nearest at hand; they may well be angry, for it is all Lombard-street to a china orange that the School-house kick a goal with the ball touched in such a good place.
** 1885, W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, Arthur Sullivan, The Mikado‎, London: G. Bell and Sons, published 1911, act 1, page 17:Yum-Yum: But as I'm engaged to Ko-Ko, / To embrace you thus, con fuoco, / Would distinctly be no gioco, / And for yam I should get toco— Both: Toco, toco, toco, toco.

##### Derived terms

* give toco
* toco for yam

### Etymology 3

From Tupian.

#### Noun

toco (plural tocos)
* a toco toucan
** 2007, Les Beletsky, Bird Songs from Around the World, Chronicle Books, →ISBN, page 90:The Toco Toucan is surely among the most striking of the toucans, with its black-and-white body and enormous yellow-orange bill. [...] Tocos make loud rattling or clacking sounds with their bills.
** 2014, R. Eric Miller, Murray E. Fowler, Fowler's Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine, Volume 8 - E-Book, Elsevier Health Sciences, →ISBN, page 234:Diabetes mellitus has been reported in tocos (R. toco) and keel-billed toucans.

### Anagrams

* octo-, coot, coto, Coto

## Asturian
### Verb

toco
* first-person singular present indicative of tocar

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈtɔ.ku]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈtɔ.ko]

### Verb

toco
* first-person singular present indicative of tocar

## Galician
### Etymology 1

From a substrate pre-Latin language, from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”).
Akin to Spanish tocón (“stump”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoko̝/, (northwestern) /ˈtɔko̝/

#### Adjective

toco (feminine toca, masculine plural tocos, feminine plural tocas)
* maimed; one-handed; one-armed

#### Noun

toco m (plural tocos)
* burrow, den
    Synonyms: tobo, pala
* stump
    Synonyms: cepa, coto, cozo

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

toco
* first-person singular present indicative of tocar

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “toco”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “toco”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “toco”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Julian Santano Moreno (2004) “La familia del IE *teu-"hincharse" en las lenguas romances y en vasco. El sustrato indoeuropeo en la etimologia romance”, in Nouvelle revue d'onomastique‎, volume 43, number 1, →ISSN, page 20

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1

Unknown. Compare Spanish tueco (“stump”), tocón (“stump”) and Galician toco (“burrow, stump”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈto.ku/
* Rhymes: -oku
* Hyphenation: to‧co

#### Noun

toco m (plural tocos, metaphonic)
* stub, stump (something cut short, blunted, or stunted)

##### Usage notes

* Infopédia and Priberam disagree on whether this noun is metaphonic in the plural. Infopédia says yes, Priberam says no.

##### Related terms

* cotoco

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɔ.ku/
* Rhymes: -ɔku
* Hyphenation: to‧co

#### Verb

toco
* first-person singular present indicative of tocar

### Further reading

* “toco”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “toco”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* “toco”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “toco”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoko/ [ˈt̪o.ko]
* Rhymes: -oko
* Syllabification: to‧co

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Quechua t'uqu (“hole”).

#### Noun

toco m (plural tocos)
* (Bolivia) a tree trunk cut to make a seat

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

toco
* first-person singular present indicative of tocar

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Ligurian toco.

#### Noun

toco m (plural tocos)
* (Rioplatense) piece
Synonym: petardo

### Further reading

* “toco”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10