# 沒

| 沒 | U+6C92, &#27794; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C92 |
| ← 沑 [U+6C91] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 沓 → [U+6C93] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 没 |
| Simplified | 没 |
| Traditional | 沒 |

### Han character

沒 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水弓水 (ENE), four-corner 3714$_7$, composition ⿰氵⿱勹又)

#### Related characters

* 没 (Japanese shinjitai and simplified Chinese)
* 𱥺 (Vietnamese chữ nôm)
** 𠬠 (Vietnamese chữ nôm)

#### Derived characters

* 𩃁

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 611, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17204
* Dae Jaweon: page 1004, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1571, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6C92

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 沒 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 沒 | *mɯːd |
| 歿 | *mɯːd |
| 莈 | *mɯːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mɯːd): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 𠬛.

### Etymology 1

Possibly a colloquial variant of 勿 (MC mjut) or 未 (MC mj+jH), which fused with or was influenced by 有 (MC hjuwX); not derived from 沒 (OC *mɯːd, “to dive; to drown”) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): méi (mei$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄇㄟˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mei$^4$ / mo$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): mǒ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мә (mə, I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mut$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): meh$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bu̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): mog$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$meq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: méi
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄟˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: méi
*** Wade–Giles: mei$^2$
*** Yale: méi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mei
*** Palladius: мэй (mɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /meɪ̯³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: mei$^4$ / mo$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mei / mo
*** Sinological IPA : /mei²¹³/, /mo²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: mǒ
*** Sinological IPA : /mo²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мә (mə, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /mə²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mut$^6$
*** Yale: muht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mut$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /muːt̚²/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: meh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /məʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bu̍t
*** Tâi-lô: bu̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: but
*** IPA (Xiamen): /but̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /but̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /but̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /but̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /but̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: mog$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mo̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /mok̚⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou, Hangzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^8$meq
*** MiniDict: meh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$meq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /məʔ¹²/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /məʔ²³/
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /məʔ²³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit沒 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /mei³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /mei²⁴/ ～人 /mei⁵³/ ～來 |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /mei⁴⁵/ ～了 /mei⁵³/ ～走 |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /mei²¹³/ ～價 /mei⁴²/ ～的 |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /mu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /mu⁴²/ 沉～ /mei²⁴/ ～法兒 |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /mo²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /mɔ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /mu¹³/ ～有 /muə¹³/ 淹～ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /mə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /mɤ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /mei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /mo³¹/ /mei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /mei⁵⁵/ ～有 /mu²¹/ ～收 |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /mu²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /moʔ⁵/ 沉～ /me²⁴/ ～有 |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /məʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /məʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /mʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /məʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /məʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /məʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /məʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /mø²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /mɔ²²/ 沉～ /miu³⁵/ (沒有) |
| Hui | Tunxi | /mɛ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /mo²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /mæ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /mɨʔ⁵/ 埋～ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /mut̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /mut̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /mut̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /mut̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /mut̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /but̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /muʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /mau²¹/ /mo⁴²/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /mok̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /muak̚⁵/ |

#### Definitions

沒
* not have; there is not; to be without
    沒意思／没意思 ― méiyìsī ― uninteresting [literally: to not have fun]
    已經沒了／已经没了 ― yǐjīng méi le ― is already gone; there is already no more
    沒錢沒工作／没钱没工作 ― méi qián méi gōngzuò ― to have no money and no job
    這兒沒人。／这儿没人。 ― Zhèr méi rén. ― There's nobody here.
* to be not so ... as (when comparing)
    我沒你高。／我没你高。 ― Wǒ méi nǐ gāo. ― I'm not as tall as you.
* less than; no more than
* Negative prefix for verb 有 (yǒu, “to have”).
    我沒有朋友。／我没有朋友。 ― Wǒ méiyǒu péngyǒu. ― I have no friends.
* have not or did not (negative prefix for verbs, translated into other languages with verbs in the past tense)
    他沒來。／他没来。 ― Tā méi lái. ― He didn't come.
    我還沒說完呢。／我还没说完呢。 ― Wǒ hái méi shuō wán ne. ― I haven't finished talking.
    沒懂……／没懂…… ― méi dǒng...... ― I don't get it…
* (euphemistic, colloquial) to pass away

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 無, 無有 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 沒有 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 沒有, 沒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 沒有, 沒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 沒有, 沒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 沒有, 沒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 沒有, 沒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 沒有 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 沒有, 沒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 沒得, 莫得, 没有 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 冇得 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 沒得, 不得 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 沒得 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 沒得 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 不有 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 不有 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 不有 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 不有 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 沒得 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 不得, 沒得 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 沒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 冇, 冇有 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 冇 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 冇, 冇有 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 冒有, 冇 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 無 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 無 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 無 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 無 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 無 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 無 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 無 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 無 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 沒 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 沒, 沒啦 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 無 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 無 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 無 |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 無 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 無 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 無 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 無 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 無 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 無 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 無 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 無 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 無 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 無 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 無 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 無 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 無 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 無 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 無 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 無 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 無 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 無 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 無 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 無 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 嘸沒, 嘸 dated |
| Wu | Suzhou | 嘸不 |
| Wu | Danyang | 無則, 沒得 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 沒有 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 嘸不 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 唔有 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 嘸沒, 嘸 dated |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 冇 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 嘸, 嘸沒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 冇得, 冇 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 冇得 |

#### See also

* 不 (bù)
* 沒有／没有 (méiyǒu)

#### Compounds

* 一絲沒兩氣 / 一丝没两气
* 不是沒有 / 不是没有
* 口沒遮攔 / 口没遮拦 (kǒuméizhēlán)
* 嘸沒 / 呒没
* 好心沒好報 / 好心没好报 (hǎoxīn méi hǎobào)
* 好心沒好意 / 好心没好意
* 好沒意思 / 好没意思
* 好沒生 / 好没生
* 小心沒過逾 / 小心没过逾
* 少魂沒識 / 少魂没识
* 差一點沒 / 差一点没 (chàyīdiǎn méi)
* 差點沒 / 差点没 (chàdiǎn méi)
* 忒沒意 / 忒没意
* 怪沒意思 / 怪没意思
* 打沒頭官司 / 打没头官司
* 找沒味兒 / 找没味儿
* 有你沒我 / 有你没我
* 有天沒日 / 有天没日
* 有天沒日頭 / 有天没日头
* 有張沒智 / 有张没智
* 有氣沒力 / 有气没力
* 有的沒的 / 有的没的 (yǒudeméide)
* 有緊沒要 / 有紧没要
* 有要沒緊 / 有要没紧
* 有魂沒識 / 有魂没识
* 毛坑沒後壁 / 毛坑没后壁
* 沒上下 / 没上下
* 沒三思 / 没三思
* 沒下梢 / 没下梢
* 沒上沒下 / 没上没下
* 沒三沒四 / 没三没四
* 沒下頷的話 / 没下颔的话
* 沒中用 / 没中用
* 沒主兒 / 没主儿
* 沒主意 / 没主意
* 沒乾沒淨 / 没干没净
* 沒乾淨 / 没干净
* 沒了主意 / 没了主意
* 沒了指望 / 没了指望
* 沒了期 / 没了期
* 沒了法 / 没了法
* 沒了當 / 没了当
* 沒了結處 / 没了结处
* 沒了經緯 / 没了经纬
* 沒了落 / 没了落
* 沒事 / 没事 (méishì)
* 沒事人 / 没事人 (méishìrén)
* 沒事哏 / 没事哏
* 沒事狠 / 没事狠
* 沒二話 / 没二话
* 沒人 / 没人
* 沒人味 / 没人味
* 沒人形 / 没人形
* 沒人煙 / 没人烟
* 沒人處 / 没人处
* 沒什麼 / 没什么 (méishénme)
* 沒什麼要緊 / 没什么要紧
* 沒住頭 / 没住头
* 沒來回 / 没来回
* 沒來歷 / 没来历
* 沒來由 / 没来由
* 沒來頭 / 没来头
* 沒信心 / 没信心
* 沒個出豁 / 没个出豁
* 沒個好結果 / 没个好结果
* 沒倒斷 / 没倒断
* 沒個是處 / 没个是处
* 沒個見識 / 没个见识
* 沒個開交 / 没个开交
* 沒做圓活處 / 没做圆活处
* 沒做奈何處 / 没做奈何处
* 沒做思量處 / 没做思量处
* 沒做擺佈 / 没做摆布
* 沒做理會處 / 没做理会处
* 沒做道理 / 没做道理
* 沒做道理處 / 没做道理处
* 沒入腳處 / 没入脚处
* 沒出息 / 没出息 (méi chūxi)
* 沒出豁 / 没出豁
* 沒出豁處 / 没出豁处
* 沒出長 / 没出长
* 沒分寸 / 没分寸
* 沒分曉 / 没分晓
* 沒分豁 / 没分豁
* 沒前程 / 没前程
* 沒剛性 / 没刚性
* 沒勁 / 没劲 (méijìn)
* 沒包彈 / 没包弹
* 沒十成 / 没十成
* 沒去就 / 没去就
* 沒叉路 / 没叉路
* 沒及奈何 / 没及奈何
* 沒口 / 没口
* 沒口子 / 没口子
* 沒可得 / 没可得
* 沒合殺 / 没合杀
* 沒合煞 / 没合煞
* 沒合眼兒 / 没合眼儿
* 沒命 / 没命
* 沒味 / 没味
* 沒命似的 / 没命似的
* 沒味兒 / 没味儿
* 沒咒念 / 没咒念
* 沒味道 / 没味道
* 沒商量 / 没商量
* 沒嘴葫蘆 / 没嘴葫芦
* 沒嘴道兒 / 没嘴道儿
* 沒嚼頭 / 没嚼头
* 沒圈子跳 / 没圈子跳
* 沒地 / 没地
* 沒地兒 / 没地儿
* 沒地裡巡檢 / 没地里巡检
* 沒地里
* 沒多少 / 没多少
* 沒多時 / 没多时
* 沒大沒小 / 没大没小 (méidàméixiǎo)
* 沒天日的 / 没天日的
* 沒天明 / 没天明
* 沒天理的 / 没天理的
* 沒奔一頭處 / 没奔一头处
* 沒奔頭 / 没奔头
* 沒好意思 / 没好意思
* 沒好氣 / 没好气
* 沒子兒 / 没子儿
* 沒字碑 / 没字碑
* 沒學問 / 没学问
* 沒完 / 没完 (méiwán)
* 沒完沒了 / 没完没了 (méiwánméiliǎo)
* 沒實誠 / 没实诚
* 沒尋歸路處 / 没寻归路处
* 沒對 / 没对
* 沒尺寸 / 没尺寸
* 沒工夫 / 没工夫
* 沒巧不成話 / 没巧不成话
* 沒巴沒鼻 / 没巴没鼻
* 沒巴臂 / 没巴臂
* 沒巴避 / 没巴避
* 沒巴鼻 / 没巴鼻
* 沒帳 / 没帐
* 沒幸 / 没幸
* 沒幹 / 没干
* 沒幹頭 / 没干头
* 沒店三 / 没店三
* 沒底兒 / 没底儿
* 沒底棺材 / 没底棺材
* 沒張倒置 / 没张倒置
* 沒張智 / 没张智
* 沒張沒致 / 没张没致
* 沒彈剝 / 没弹剥
* 沒形沒影 / 没形没影
* 沒影兒 / 没影儿 (méiyǐngr)
* 沒影子 / 没影子
* 沒影的話兒 / 没影的话儿
* 沒後跟 / 没后跟
* 沒得 / 没得 (méide)
* 沒得主意 / 没得主意
* 沒得工夫 / 没得工夫
* 沒得空兒 / 没得空儿
* 沒得說的 / 没得说的
* 沒得養 / 没得养
* 沒德行 / 没德行
* 沒心 / 没心
* 沒心情 / 没心情
* 沒心想 / 没心想
* 沒心沒想 / 没心没想
* 沒心沒緒 / 没心没绪
* 沒心沒肺 / 没心没肺 (méixīnméifèi)
* 沒心沒計 / 没心没计
* 沒心眼 / 没心眼
* 沒心腸 / 没心肠
* 沒志氣 / 没志气
* 沒志行 / 没志行
* 沒性氣 / 没性气
* 沒情沒緒 / 没情没绪
* 沒情沒趣 / 没情没趣
* 沒想一頭處 / 没想一头处
* 沒意兒 / 没意儿
* 沒想到 / 没想到 (méixiǎngdào)
* 沒意志 / 没意志
* 沒意思 / 没意思 (méiyìsi)
* 沒意智 / 没意智
* 沒想頭 / 没想头
* 沒意頭 / 没意头
* 沒戲唱 / 没戏唱 (méixìchàng)
* 沒打弄 / 没打弄
* 沒投仰仗 / 没投仰仗
* 沒把柄 / 没把柄
* 沒把鼻 / 没把鼻
* 沒指望 / 没指望
* 沒捆兒 / 没捆儿
* 沒掂三 / 没掂三
* 沒揣 / 没揣
* 沒揣地 / 没揣地
* 沒揣的 / 没揣的
* 沒搭撒 / 没搭撒
* 沒搭煞 / 没搭煞
* 沒摺至 / 没折至
* 沒撩沒亂 / 没撩没乱
* 沒撻煞 / 没挞煞
* 沒擔當 / 没担当
* 沒擺佈處 / 没摆布处
* 沒收煞 / 没收煞
* 沒散場 / 没散场
* 沒斷的 / 没断的
* 沒是哏 / 没是哏
* 沒星秤 / 没星秤
* 沒是處 / 没是处
* 沒時沒運 / 没时没运
* 沒時運的 / 没时运的
* 沒晝夜 / 没昼夜
* 沒有 / 没有 (méiyǒu)
* 沒有不是 / 没有不是
* 沒有主意 / 没有主意
* 沒有來歷 / 没有来历
* 沒有兩樣 / 没有两样 (méiyǒu liǎngyàng)
* 沒有影兒 / 没有影儿 (méiyǒuyǐngr)
* 沒有意思 / 没有意思
* 沒有準兒 / 没有准儿
* 沒有的話 / 没有的话
* 沒有砣的秤 / 没有砣的秤
* 沒有說的 / 没有说的
* 沒有過 / 没有过
* 沒有邊邊 / 没有边边
* 沒有面目 / 没有面目
* 沒本事 / 没本事
* 沒本營生 / 没本营生
* 沒本錢買賣 / 没本钱买卖
* 沒架子 / 没架子
* 沒查沒利 / 没查没利
* 沒根基 / 没根基
* 沒根藤 / 没根藤
* 沒梢幹 / 没梢干
* 沒梁桶
* 沒棱縫兒 / 没棱缝儿
* 沒極奈何 / 没极奈何
* 沒樣範 / 没样范
* 沒槽道 / 没槽道
* 沒正經 / 没正经
* 沒正經的事 / 没正经的事
* 沒死活 / 没死活
* 沒氣 / 没气 (méiqì)
* 沒氣力的話 / 没气力的话
* 沒氣性 / 没气性
* 沒氣路 / 没气路
* 沒法 / 没法 (méifǎ)
* 沒治 / 没治 (méizhì)
* 沒法子 / 没法子
* 沒法沒天 / 没法没天
* 沒添貨 / 没添货
* 沒清頭 / 没清头
* 沒渾過事 / 没浑过事
* 沒準 / 没准
* 沒溜兒 / 没溜儿
* 沒準兒 / 没准儿 (méizhǔnr)
* 沒準頭 / 没准头
* 沒營生 / 没营生
* 沒營養 / 没营养
* 沒牙虎兒 / 没牙虎儿
* 沒王法 / 没王法
* 沒理會 / 没理会
* 沒理會處 / 没理会处
* 沒理論 / 没理论
* 沒甚 / 没甚
* 沒甚意思 / 没甚意思
* 沒甚首尾 / 没甚首尾
* 沒甚麼 / 没甚么 (méishénme)
* 沒用 / 没用 (méiyòng)
* 沒留沒亂 / 没留没乱
* 沒當家花花 / 没当家花花
* 沒疼熱 / 没疼热
* 沒的 / 没的
* 沒的功夫 / 没的功夫
* 沒的家 / 没的家
* 沒皮子 / 没皮子
* 沒皮條 / 没皮条
* 沒皮沒臉 / 没皮没脸
* 沒皮賴臉 / 没皮赖脸
* 沒看頭 / 没看头
* 沒眼力 / 没眼力
* 沒眼斤 / 没眼斤
* 沒眼的 / 没眼的
* 沒眼色 / 没眼色
* 沒短的 / 没短的
* 沒神沒鬼 / 没神没鬼
* 沒福 / 没福
* 沒福消受 / 没福消受
* 沒空 / 没空 (méikòng)
* 沒算數 / 没算数
* 沒算當 / 没算当
* 沒算盤 / 没算盘
* 沒籠頭的馬 / 没笼头的马
* 沒精打彩 / 没精打彩 (méijīngdǎcǎi)
* 沒精打采 (méijīngdǎcǎi)
* 沒綑 / 没捆
* 沒經緯 / 没经纬
* 沒緊要 / 没紧要
* 沒緣沒故 / 没缘没故
* 沒縫兒 / 没缝儿
* 沒羞 / 没羞
* 沒羞沒臊 / 没羞没臊
* 沒老沒小 / 没老没小
* 沒耐煩 / 没耐烦
* 沒耳性 / 没耳性
* 沒肚子 / 没肚子
* 沒胃口 / 没胃口
* 沒脊梁
* 沒脊骨 / 没脊骨
* 沒脾氣 / 没脾气 (méi píqi)
* 沒腦子 / 没脑子 (méinǎozi)
* 沒腳子的跑 / 没脚子的跑
* 沒腳手 / 没脚手
* 沒腸肚 / 没肠肚
* 沒腳蟹 / 没脚蟹
* 沒臉 / 没脸
* 沒臉面 / 没脸面
* 沒興 / 没兴
* 沒興頭 / 没兴头
* 沒良心 / 没良心 (méiliángxīn)
* 沒著沒落 / 没著没落
* 沒著落 / 没著落
* 沒落兒 / 没落儿
* 沒落子 / 没落子
* 沒處出豁 / 没处出豁
* 沒血性 / 没血性
* 沒行款 / 没行款
* 沒行止 / 没行止
* 沒裡沒外 / 没里没外
* 沒要緊 / 没要紧
* 沒見世面 / 没见世面
* 沒見識 / 没见识
* 沒見過世面 / 没见过世面 (méi jiànguo shìmiàn)
* 沒見食面 / 没见食面
* 沒規沒矩 / 没规没矩
* 沒規矩 / 没规矩
* 沒計奈何 / 没计奈何
* 沒討個空處 / 没讨个空处
* 沒記性 / 没记性
* 沒詞兒 / 没词儿
* 沒話說 / 没话说
* 沒調教 / 没调教
* 沒講究 / 没讲究
* 沒譜 / 没谱 (méipǔ)
* 沒賽 / 没赛
* 沒賺頭 / 没赚头
* 沒起倒 / 没起倒
* 沒趣 / 没趣 (méiqù)
* 沒趣巴巴 / 没趣巴巴
* 沒趣搭拉 / 没趣搭拉
* 沒足厭的 / 没足厌的
* 沒跑路投處 / 没跑路投处
* 沒路 / 没路
* 沒輕沒重 / 没轻没重
* 沒轍 / 没辙 (méizhé)
* 沒辦法 / 没办法 (méi bànfǎ)
* 沒造化 / 没造化
* 沒造化的 / 没造化的
* 沒過 / 没过
* 沒道理 / 没道理
* 沒遮攔 / 没遮拦
* 沒遭罹 / 没遭罹
* 沒采
* 沒量斗
* 沒錯 / 没错 (méicuò)
* 沒長眼 / 没长眼
* 沒長進 / 没长进
* 沒門 / 没门 (méimén)
* 沒開交 / 没开交
* 沒開交處 / 没开交处
* 沒關係 / 没关系
* 沒雕當 / 没雕当
* 沒面皮 / 没面皮
* 沒面目 / 没面目
* 沒頓飯時 / 没顿饭时
* 沒頭事 / 没头事
* 沒頭仰仗 / 没头仰仗
* 沒頭公事 / 没头公事
* 沒頭告示 / 没头告示
* 沒頭官司 / 没头官司
* 沒頭帖子 / 没头帖子
* 沒頭案子 / 没头案子
* 沒頭沒腦 / 没头没脑
* 沒頭沒臉 / 没头没脸
* 沒頭當 / 没头当
* 沒頭神 / 没头神
* 沒頭緒 / 没头绪
* 沒頭脫柄 / 没头脱柄
* 沒頭腦 / 没头脑 (méitóunǎo)
* 沒頭腦官司 / 没头脑官司
* 沒頭腦的事 / 没头脑的事
* 沒頭蒼蠅 / 没头苍蝇
* 沒頭鬼 / 没头鬼
* 沒頭鵝 / 没头鹅
* 沒顏色 / 没颜色
* 沒顏落色 / 没颜落色
* 沒顛沒倒 / 没颠没倒
* 沒骨氣 / 没骨气
* 沒骨頭 / 没骨头
* 沒體面 / 没体面
* 沒高下 / 没高下
* 沒高沒低 / 没高没低
* 沒魂少智 / 没魂少智
* 留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒 / 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧 (liú dé qīngshān zài, bùpà méi chái shāo)
* 自討沒趣 / 自讨没趣
* 討沒意思 / 讨没意思
* 討沒臉面 / 讨没脸面
* 討沒趣 / 讨没趣
* 走投沒路 / 走投没路
* 路遠沒輕擔 / 路远没轻担
* 車到沒惡路 / 车到没恶路
* 還沒有 / 还没有
* 門兒都沒有 / 门儿都没有

### Etymology 2

According to Schuessler (2007), formed from the convergence of two etyma:
* Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mit (“to extinguish”). The i ~ u alternation is a common phenomenon in Sino-Tibetan.
* An etymon meaning "to dive", whence Burmese မြုပ် (mrup, “to sink; to be submerged”), which is a loan from Proto-Mon-Khmer *(b)ləp (“to immerse”) according to Shorto (1972).
Unrelated to etymology 1.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mò (mo$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mut$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mu̍t
* Eastern Min (BUC): mŭk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bu̍t / boa̍t / bi̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): mog$^8$ / mug$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$meq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mò
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mò
*** Wade–Giles: mo$^4$
*** Yale: mwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: moh
*** Palladius: мо (mo)
*** Sinological IPA : /mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mut$^6$
*** Yale: muht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mut$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /muːt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mu̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: mud
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /mut̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mŭk
*** Sinological IPA : /muʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bu̍t
*** Tâi-lô: bu̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: but
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /but̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /but̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /but̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: boa̍t
*** Tâi-lô: bua̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: boat
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /buat̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /buat̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bi̍t
*** Tâi-lô: bi̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bit
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /bit̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bit̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bit̚²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: mog$^8$ / mug$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mo̍k / mu̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /mok̚⁴/, /muk̚⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^8$meq
*** MiniDict: meh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$meq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /məʔ¹²/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /məʔ²³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit沒 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /mei³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /mei²⁴/ ～人 /mei⁵³/ ～來 |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /mei⁴⁵/ ～了 /mei⁵³/ ～走 |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /mei²¹³/ ～價 /mei⁴²/ ～的 |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /mu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /mu⁴²/ 沉～ /mei²⁴/ ～法兒 |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /mo²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /mɔ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /mu¹³/ ～有 /muə¹³/ 淹～ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /mə¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /mɤ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /mei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /mo³¹/ /mei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /mei⁵⁵/ ～有 /mu²¹/ ～收 |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /mu²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /moʔ⁵/ 沉～ /me²⁴/ ～有 |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /məʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /məʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /mʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /məʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /məʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /məʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /məʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /mø²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /mɔ²²/ 沉～ /miu³⁵/ (沒有) |
| Hui | Tunxi | /mɛ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /mo²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /mæ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /mɨʔ⁵/ 埋～ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /mut̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /mut̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /mut̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /mut̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /mut̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /but̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /muʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /mau²¹/ /mo⁴²/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /mok̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /muak̚⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: mwot
Rime :
| Character | 沒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 沒 (56) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 莫勃切 |
| Baxter | mwot |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /muət̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /muot̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /muət̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mwət̚/ |
| Li Rong | /muət̚/ |
| Wang Li | /muət̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /muət̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mò |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mut$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤut/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mɯːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 沒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | mò |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mwot › |
| Old Chinese | /*mˁut/ |
| English | to dive, drown, die |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 沒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9235 |
| Phonetic component | 没 |
| Rime group | 物 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 没 |
| Old Chinese | /*mɯːd/ |

#### Definitions

沒
* to drown; to sink; to submerge; to inundate
    淹沒／淹没 ― yānmò ― to submerge; to inundate
    沒入水中／没入水中 ― mò rù shuǐ zhōng ― to sink into the water
* to rise beyond; to cover; to overflow
    水深沒腰／水深没腰 ― shuǐ shēn mò yāo ― the water was waist-deep
** c. 1935, Mao Dun, “冬天”, in 速寫與隨筆, 6th edition, 開明書店, published 1946, page 96:
       Zhàolì dào le dōngtiān, yěwài quán shì huī huáng sè de kūcǎo, yòu gāo yòu mì, jiǎo tà xiàqù sùsù dì xiǎng, yǒushí mò dào nǐ de tuǐwān shàng. [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* to end; to finish
    沒齒不忘／没齿不忘 ― mòchǐ bùwàng ― not to forget to the end of one's days
* to disappear; to vanish
    出沒／出没 ― chūmò ― to appear and disappear
* to confiscate
    沒收／没收 ― mòshōu ― to confiscate
* (literary) Alternative form of 歿 / 殁 (mò, “to die; to pass away”)
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zǐ yuē: “Fù zài, guān qí zhì; fù mò, guān qí xíng; sān nián wú gǎi yú fù zhī dào, kěwèi xiào yǐ.” [Pinyin]
    The Master said, "While a man's father is alive, look at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look at his conduct. If for three years he does not alter from the way of his father, he may be called filial."

#### Compounds

* 乾沒 / 干没
* 全軍覆沒 / 全军覆没 (quánjūnfùmò)
* 典沒 / 典没
* 出沒 / 出没 (chūmò)
* 出沒無常 / 出没无常
* 功不可沒 / 功不可没 (gōngbùkěmò)
* 吞沒 / 吞没 (tūnmò)
* 埋沒 / 埋没 (máimò)
* 墊沒 / 垫没
* 存沒 / 存没
* 打沒頭壇 / 打没头坛 (dǎmòtóután)
* 抄沒 / 抄没 (chāomò)
* 掩沒 / 掩没
* 昧沒 / 昧没
* 殞沒 / 殒没
* 沒下 / 没下
* 沒不煞 / 没不煞
* 沒世 / 没世 (mòshì)
* 沒世不忘 / 没世不忘
* 沒世難忘 / 没世难忘
* 沒亂 / 没乱
* 沒亂死 / 没乱死
* 沒亂殺 / 没乱杀
* 沒亂煞 / 没乱煞
* 沒亂裡 / 没乱里
* 沒了 / 没了
* 沒人 / 没人
* 沒入 / 没入 (mòrù)
* 沒地 / 没地
* 沒奈何 / 没奈何 (mònàihé)
* 沒官 / 没官
* 沒後 / 没后 (mòhòu)
* 沒忽的 / 没忽的
* 沒揣的 / 没揣的
* 沒收 / 没收 (mòshōu)
* 沒死以聞 / 没死以闻
* 沒水 / 没水 (mòshuǐ)
* 沒沒 / 没没
* 汩沒 / 汩没
* 沉沒 / 沉没 (chénmò)
* 沒沒無聞 / 没没无闻 (mòmòwúwén)
* 沒海履地 / 没海履地
* 沒溺 / 没溺
* 沒而不朽 / 没而不朽
* 沒落 / 没落 (mòluò)
* 沒藥 / 没药 (mòyào)
* 沒身 / 没身
* 沒身不忘 / 没身不忘
* 沒金飲羽 / 没金饮羽
* 沒頂 / 没顶 (mòdǐng)
* 沒頭沒腦 / 没头没脑
* 沒頭蹲 / 没头蹲
* 沒骨 / 没骨
* 沒骨畫 / 没骨画
* 沒骨花卉 / 没骨花卉
* 沒齒 / 没齿
* 沒齒不忘 / 没齿不忘
* 沒齒難忘 / 没齿难忘 (mòchǐnánwàng)
* 沒齒難泯 / 没齿难泯
* 泯沒 / 泯没
* 淹沒 / 淹没 (yānmò)
* 湮沒 / 湮没 (yānmò)
* 湮沒無聞 / 湮没无闻 (yānmòwúwén)
* 滅沒 / 灭没
* 漂沒 / 漂没
* 灰沒 / 灰没
* 熠沒 / 熠没
* 珠沉玉沒 / 珠沉玉没
* 神出鬼沒 / 神出鬼没 (shénchūguǐmò)
* 籍沒 / 籍没 (jímò)
* 蠠沒 / 蠠没
* 覆沒 / 覆没 (fùmò)
* 辱沒 / 辱没 (rǔmò)
* 迷溜沒亂 / 迷溜没乱
* 迷留沒亂 / 迷留没乱
* 遮沒 / 遮没
* 陷沒 / 陷没
* 隱沒 / 隐没 (yǐnmò)
* 面沒羅 / 面没罗
* 齎志沒地 / 赍志没地

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 没 |
| Kyūjitai | 沒 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 没)
* discard, reject
* death
* lacking, without

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ぼつ (botsu)、ばい (bai)、ば (ba)
* Kun: しずむ (shizumu, 沒む)、おぼれる (oboreru, 沒れる)、しぬ (shinu, 沒ぬ)

## Korean
### Hanja

沒 (eumhun 가라앉을 몰 (garaanjeul mol))
* hanja form of 몰 (“drown, sink”)
* hanja form of 몰 (“not, have not, none”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

沒: Hán Việt readings: một
沒: Nôm readings: mốt, một

### Etymology 1
#### Numeral

沒 • (một)
* chữ Nôm form of một (“one”).

### Etymology 2
#### Numeral

沒 • (mốt)
* chữ Nôm form of mốt (“(only in compounds or fixed expressions) one; -one”).