# درد
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Persian درد (dard).

### Noun

درد • (dert)
* pain, suffering, agony
* disease, illness
* affliction, woe; trouble
* annoyance
* grievance

#### Derived terms

* دردلو (dertli)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: dert

### Further reading

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “درد”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 568
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “درد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 895

## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian dlt' (dard, “pain”), from Proto-Iranian *dar-ta- (“torn, burning, pain”), from Proto-Iranian *darH- (“to have pain”), from either Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear, split”) or Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to split, suffer, be in pain”), the latter which Cheung considers to be related to the former. See also دریدن (daridan, “to ravage, attack”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [daɾð]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪äɹd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪äɹd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪äɹd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪äɹd̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪æɹd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪äɹd̪]
* Rhymes: -ard

#### Noun

| Dari | درد |
| Iranian Persian | درد |
| Tajik | дард |
درد • (dard)
* pain
* ache
* affliction
* disease
* illness
* complaint

##### Derived terms

(verbs)
* درد کردن (dard kardan)
* درد گرفتن (dard gereftan)
(others)
* اهل درد (ahl-e dard)
* دردناک (dardnâk)
* دردی (dardi)
* سردرد (sar-dard)

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: dərd
* → Bengali: দরদ (dorod)
* → Gujarati: દર્દ (dard)
* → Hindustani:
    Urdu: درد (dard)
    Hindi: दर्द (dard)
* → Kazakh: дерт (dert)
* → Northern Kurdish: derd
* → Middle Armenian: դարդ (dard), տարտ (tart), դերդ (derd), տէրտ (tērt)
** → Armenian: դարդ (dard)
* → Ottoman Turkish: درد (dert)
** Turkish: dert
** Albanian: dert
** Greek: ντέρτι (ntérti)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਦਰਦ (darad)
    Shahmukhi script: دَرَد (darad)
* → Zazaki: derd
* → Uyghur: دەرد (derd)
* → Uzbek: dard

#### References

* ↑ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 342
* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 61
* ↑ Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 89

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian *dr̥ti- (“manure, feces”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰṛ-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreyd- (“to have diarrhea”), whence also English dirt, Old Norse dríta (“to defecate”), and Russian дриста́ть (dristátʹ, “to shart”). Possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *dʰerh₃- (“to spring, leap”) (whence perhaps Sanskrit धारा (dhārā, “current, torrent”)).
Compare the Iranian borrowings: Aramaic דּוּרְדָּא / דֻּרְדָּא (durdā, “sediment; lees”), in plural דּוּרְדֵּי / דֻּרְדֵּי (durdī); Arabic دُرْدِيّ (durdiyy, “liquid sediment, lees, amurca”).

#### Alternative forms

* دردی (dordi)

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [duɾð]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ʊɹd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ʊɹd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪ʊɹd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪uɹd̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪oɹd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪uɹd̪]

#### Noun

درد • (dord)
* dregs

##### Descendants

* → Middle Armenian: դիրտ (dirt), տիրտ (tirt), դուրտ (durt), տուրտին (turtin), դրտին (drtin), դրուրտ (drurt), դուրտին (durtin) (see there for further descendants)
* → Armenian: դըռդի (dəṙdi)
* → Ottoman Turkish: طورتی (tortu)
** Turkish: tortu, torta, tort
* → Azerbaijani: torta
* → Georgian: დურდო (durdo)
* → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: [script needed] (dürtʿ)
* → Northern Kurdish: tort

#### See also

* کسپه (kospe, “oil cake”)

#### References

* ↑ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 356
* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “դիրտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 670b

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian درد (dard), from Middle Persian dlt' (dard, “pain”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /d̪əɾd̪/
* Rhymes: -əɾd̪

### Noun

دَرْد • (dard) m (Hindi spelling दर्द)
* pain; ache
* (by extension) symptom, illness
* suffering
* (figuratively):
** affliction
** pity
** sorrow, grief

#### Declension

Declension of درد :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | درد (dard) | درد (dard) |
| oblique | درد (dard) | دردوں (dardõ) |
| vocative | درد (dard) | دردو (dardo) |

### Further reading

* “درد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “درد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “درد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.