# panel
## English
### Alternative forms

* pannel (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English panel (“piece of cloth, saddle pad, pane of glass, piece of ice, part, division, jury list, jury members”), from Anglo-Norman panel, panelle (“piece of cloth, saddle cushion”), from Vulgar Latin *pannellus, diminutive of Latin pannus (“cloth, rag, garment”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂n- (“fabric”). Cognate with Old English fana (“a piece of cloth, patch, banner, flag, vane”). Doublet of vane.

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US, Canada, General Australian) IPA: /ˈpænəl/, [ˈpæn.l̩]
** (æ-tensing, US, Canada) IPA: /ˈpɛən.əl/, [ˈpɛən.l̩], /ˈpɛːn.əl/, [ˈpɛːn.l̩]
*** Audio (California):(file)
** (æ-tensing, General Australian) IPA: /ˈpeːnəl/, [ˈpeːn.l̩]
* Rhymes: -ænəl

### Noun

panel (plural panels)
* A (usually) rectangular section of a surface, or of a covering or of a wall, fence etc.
    Behind the picture was a panel on the wall.
** (architecture) A sunken compartment with raised margins, moulded or otherwise, as in ceilings, wainscotings, etc.
* A group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc. as on a television or radio broadcast for example.
    Today’s panel includes John Smith.
** 2018, VOA Learning English > China's Melting Glacier Brings Visitors, Adds to Climate Concerns
    The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recently reported that that rise is enough to melt 28 to 44 percent of glaciers worldwide.
* A portion of text or other material within a book, newspaper, web page, etc. set apart from the main body or separated by a border.
* (comics) An individual frame or drawing in a comic.
    The last panel of a comic strip usually contains a punchline.
* (graphical user interface) A type of GUI widget, such as a control panel.
    admin panel
* (law) A document containing the names of persons summoned as jurors by the sheriff.
** 1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:To this end the sheriff returns his compulsive process , the writ of habeas corpora, or distringas , with the panel of jurors annexed, to the judge's officer in court.
* (law) The whole jury.
* (Scots law) A prisoner arraigned for trial at the bar of a criminal court.
** 1737, “Information for His Majesty’s Advocate, and Mr. Hugh Forbes, Advocate, Procurator Fiscal of the High Court of Admiralty, against Thomas McAdam, and James Long, Pannels”, in Extract of the Proceedings before James Graham of Airth, Esq; Judge of the High Court of Admiralty in Scotland, in the Action at the Instance of Duncan Forbes, Esq; His Majesty’s Advocate, and Mr. Hugh Forbes, Advocate, Procurator Fiscal of the Said High Court, against Thomas McAdams Souldier, and James Long Corporal, in the Regiment of Foot Commanded by Colonel —— Hamilton. Laid before the House Pursuant to Their Lordship’s Order April 18, 1737, London: Printed by John Baskett, […], →OCLC, page 12:[I]t remains only to examine the Relevancy of the two general exculpatory Defences pled for the Pannells.
* (obsolete) A piece of cloth serving as a saddle.
** 1557 February 13 (Gregorian calendar), Thomas Tusser, A Hundreth Good Pointes of Husbandrie, London: […] Richard Tottel, →OCLC; republished London: […] Robert Triphook, […], and William Sancho, […], 1810, →OCLC:A panel and wanty, packsaddle and ped, with line to fetch litter, and halters for hed
* A soft pad beneath a saddletree to prevent chafing.
* (joinery) A board having its edges inserted in the groove of a surrounding frame.
    the panel of a door
* (masonry) One of the faces of a hewn stone.
* (masonry) A slab or plank of wood used instead of a canvas for painting on.
* (mining) A heap of dressed ore.
* (mining) One of the districts divided by pillars of extra size, into which a mine is laid off in one system of extracting coal.
* (dressmaking) A plain strip or band, as of velvet or plush, placed at intervals lengthwise on the skirt of a dress, for ornament.
* A portion of a framed structure between adjacent posts or struts, as in a bridge truss.
* (British, historical) A list of doctors who could provide limited free healthcare prior to the introduction of the NHS.
* (medicine) A group of tests or assays, a battery.
** 1997, Michael Brodin, Encyclopedia of Medical Tests‎, page 270:This panel of tests can also help in cases where leukemia or lymphoma suddenly takes a turn for the worse (crisis) by determining if a change in the type of cells is causing the problem.
** 2009, Rick Daniels, Delmar's Guide to Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests‎, page 478:A lipid panel measures three different types: low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides.

#### Derived terms

* architectural panel
* beat panel
* control panel
* death panel
* flannel panel
* frame and panel
* instrument panel
* interpretation panel
* jury panel
* light panel
* lying panel
* modesty panel
* on the panel
* panel beater
* panel discussion
* panel game
* panel house
* panelled (UK), paneled (US)
* panelling (UK), paneling (US)
* panellist (UK), panelist (US)
* panel pin
* panel planer
* panel saw
* panel show
* panel strip
* panel thief
* panel truck
* panel van
* patch panel
* rocker panel
* sandwich panel
* solar panel
* thyroid panel
* touch panel
* track panel
* vision panel

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Further reading

* Panel in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

### Verb

panel (third-person singular simple present panels, present participle panelling or (US) paneling, simple past and past participle panelled or (US) paneled)
* (obsolete, transitive) To enter (jury members) on an official list of jurors; to empanel. [16th–19th c.]
* (obsolete, transitive) To fit (an animal, especially a mule or ass) with a panel or simple padded saddle. [16th–19th c.]
** 1755, Miguel de Cervantes, translated by Tobias Smollett, Don Quixote, Volume One, II.5:The knight […] arose, and commanded Sancho to saddle his horse and pannel his ass immediately.
* (transitive) To fit (a room etc.) with panels. [from 17th c.]

### References

* ↑ 1846, George William Francis, The Dictionary of the Arts, Sciences, and Manufactures

### Anagrams

* 'plane, Alpen, Nepal, Palen, Plean, palen, penal, plane, plena

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpanɛl]
* Hyphenation: pa‧nel

### Noun

panel m inan
* panel

#### Derived terms

* panelový

### Further reading

* “panel”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “panel”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “panel”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Danish
### Etymology

From Middle Low German panele (“wall covering”), from Latin panullus, diminutive of pannus.

### Noun

panel n (singular definite panelet, plural indefinite paneler)
* panel (most senses, e.g. a wall panel, a panel of experts)

### References

* “panel” in Den Danske Ordbog

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from English panel, itself borrowed from Old French panel. Doublet of panneau.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pa.nɛl/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

panel m (plural panels)
* panel (group of people)

### Further reading

* “panel”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English panel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpɒnɛl]
* Hyphenation: pa‧nel
* Rhymes: -ɛl

### Noun

panel
* panel (a large, prefabricated part of a house, such as a wall, roof)
* panel (a prefabricated part of furniture)
* panel (instrument panel, such as a dashboard)
* panel (a group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc. as on a television or radio broadcast for example)

#### Declension

or (less commonly)

#### Derived terms

* panelelem
* panelház
* panellakás

### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch paneel.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈpanɛl/ [ˈpa.nɛl]
* Rhymes: -anɛl
* Syllabification: pa‧nel

### Noun

panel (plural panel-panel)
* panel (an usually rectangular section of a surface; a plain strip or band)
* (comics) panel (an individual frame or drawing in a comic)
* panel (a group of people gathered to judge, interview, discuss etc.)
* board (a device containing electrical switches and other controls)

#### Derived terms

* berpanel
* panelis

#### Compounds

* diskusi panel
* panel kontrol
* panel pengatur
* panel surya

### Further reading

* “panel” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English panel.

### Noun

panel m (invariable)
* panel (various groups of people)

### Anagrams

* Nepal

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* panell, panele, panyll, panelle

### Etymology

From Old French panel, from pan, from Latin pannus; equivalent to pane +‎ -el (diminutive suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpanəl/, /panˈɛːl/

### Noun

panel (plural panelles)
* A swatch or portion of textiles or cloth.
* A cushion or cloth acting as cushioning under a saddle.
* The people due to sit at a jury; a panel acting as jury
* (rare) A pane or slab of a transparent material.
* (rare) A portion or section.
* (rare) A hawk's innards or digestive organs; the pannel.

#### Descendants

* English: panel, pannel
* Scots: panel

#### References

* “panē̆l, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-05.
* “panel, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-05.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Middle Low German panele (“wall covering”), and English panel (other senses).

### Noun

panel n (definite singular panelet, indefinite plural panel or paneler, definite plural panela or panelene)
* a panel (most senses, e.g. a wall panel, a panel of experts)

#### Derived terms

* solcellepanel

### References

* “panel” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Middle Low German panele (“wall covering”), and English panel (other senses).

### Noun

panel n (definite singular panelet, indefinite plural panel, definite plural panela)
* a panel (most senses, e.g. a wall panel, a panel of experts)

#### Derived terms

* solcellepanel

### References

* “panel” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Paneel.

### Noun

panel n (plural panele)
* panel; panelling (wooden surface)

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English panel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈnel/ [paˈnel]
* Rhymes: -el
* Syllabification: pa‧nel

### Noun

panel m (plural paneles)
* panel

#### Derived terms

* panel de instrumentos
* panel solar
* panel táctil

### Further reading

* “panel”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Middle Low German panele (“wall covering”), and English panel (other senses).

### Noun

panel c
* panel (most senses, e.g. a wall panel, a panel of experts)

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | panel | panels |
| singular | definite | panelen | panelens |
| plural | indefinite | paneler | panelers |
| plural | definite | panelerna | panelernas |

#### Derived terms

* domarpanel
* ekpanel
* expertpanel
* frågepanel
* instrumentpanel
* konsumentpanel
* kontrollpanel
* manöverpanel
* panelborste
* paneldebatt
* paneldiskussion
* panelhöna
* panelhöns
* panelklädd
* panelradiator
* panelsamtal
* panelundersökning
* panelutfrågning
* panelvägg
* reglagepanel
* smakpanel
* solpanel
* takpanel
* testpanel
* tittarpanel
* träpanel
* väggpanel

### Further reading

* panel in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
* panel in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

## Turkish
### Etymology

From English panel.

### Noun

panel (definite accusative paneli, plural paneller)
* (Internet slang) A panel that contains personal information (such as Turkish Identification Number, name and surname, place of residence and family tree) of the residents of Türkiye.