# आशा
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit आशा (āśā), Doublet of आस (ās). Cognate with Bengali আশা (aśa), Assamese আশা (axa), Manipuri ꯑꯥꯁꯥ (ʼaasaa), and Odia ଆଶା (āśā).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɑː.ʃɑː/, [äː.ʃäː]

### Noun

आशा • (āśā) f (Urdu spelling آشا)
* hope
    आशा करता हूँ कि आज बर्फ़ पड़ेगी।āśā kartā hū̃ ki āj barf paṛegī.[I] hope it will snow today.
    वे उसे फिर देखने की आशा में खड़े थे।ve use phir dekhne kī āśā mẽ khaṛe the.They were standing in the hope of seeing him again.
* expectation

#### Synonyms

* उम्मीद (ummīd)

#### Derived terms

* आशावाद (āśāvād)

#### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “आशा”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
* Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “आशा”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
* “आशा”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “आशा”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “आशा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Platts, John T. (1884) “आशा”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit आशा (āśā). Doublet of आस (ās).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ɕa/

### Noun

आशा • (āśā) f
* hope

#### Derived terms

* आशावाद (āśāvād, “optimism”)
* आशावादी (āśāvādī, “optimistic”)

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “आशा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* আশা (Assamese script)
* ᬆᬰᬵ (Balinese script)
* আশা (Bengali script)
* 𑰁𑰫𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀆𑀰𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* အာၐာ (Burmese script)
* આશા (Gujarati script)
* ਆਸ਼ਾ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌆𑌶𑌾 (Grantha script)
* ꦄꦴꦯꦴ (Javanese script)
* 𑂄𑂬𑂰 (Kaithi script)
* ಆಶಾ (Kannada script)
* អាឝា (Khmer script)
* ອາຨາ (Lao script)
* ആശാ (Malayalam script)
* ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡧᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
* 𑘁𑘫𑘰 (Modi script)
* ᠠᢗᠱᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦡𑧋𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐁𑐱𑐵 (Newa script)
* ଆଶା (Odia script)
* ꢃꢯꢵ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆄𑆯𑆳 (Sharada script)
* 𑖁𑖫𑖯 (Siddham script)
* ආශා (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩐𑩛𑩿𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚁𑚧𑚭 (Takri script)
* ஆஶா (Tamil script)
* ఆశా (Telugu script)
* อาศา (Thai script)
* ཨཱ་ཤཱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒂𑒬𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨀𑨊𑨮𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology 1

From earlier आशस् (āśás), from आ- (ā-) +‎ शंस् (śaṃs).

#### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɑː.ɕɑ́ː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɑː.ɕɑː/

#### Noun

आशा • (āśā́) stem, f
* hope, expectation
* desire, wish, prospect

##### Descendants

* Paisaci Prakrit:
** Punjabi: ਆਸ (āsa)
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀆𑀲𑀸 (āsā)
** Hindustani:
    Hindi: आस (ās)
    Urdu: آس (ās)
* → Cebuano: asa
* → Gujarati: આશા (āśā)
* → Hindi: आशा (āśā)
* → Khmer: អាសា (ʼaasaa)
* → Lambadi: aasaa
* → Marathi: आशा (āśā)
** Marathi: आस (ās)
* → Malay: asa
** Indonesian: asa
* Pali: āsā
** → Thai: อาสา (aa-sǎa)
* → Tagalog: asa
** ⇒ Tagalog: pag-asa
** ⇒ Tagalog: umasa
* → Kannada: ಆಸೆ (āse)
* → Malayalam: ആശ (āśa)
* → Tamil: ஆசை (ācai)
* → Telugu: ఆశ (āśa)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *ā́śā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ā́ćā ~ *aćas (“region, area”), perhaps from the BMAC substrate. Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬀𐬵 (asah).

#### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɑ́ː.ɕɑː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɑː.ɕɑː/

#### Noun

आशा • (ā́śā) stem, f
* a celestial quarter of the heavens

##### Declension
### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “āvŕt- - āśíṣ-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 178
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “śaṁyú- - ŚAṀS”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 599
* ↑ Lubotsky, Alexander (1999) “The Indo-Iranian substratum”, in Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations‎, Helsinki, page 8