# 蛸

| 蛸 | U+86F8, &#34552; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-86F8 |
| ← 蛷 [U+86F7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蛹 → [U+86F9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蛸 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 中戈火月 (LIFB), four-corner 5912$_7$, composition ⿰虫肖)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1083, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33072
* Dae Jaweon: page 1551, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2855, character 3
* Unihan data for U+86F8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 蛸
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 梢 | *sreːw |
| 捎 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 筲 | *sreːw |
| 鞘 | *sreːw, *slewɢs |
| 艄 | *sreːw |
| 蛸 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 髾 | *sreːw |
| 輎 | *sreːw |
| 旓 | *sreːw |
| 弰 | *sreːw |
| 鮹 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 綃 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 颵 | *sreːw |
| 莦 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 娋 | *sreːw, *sreːws |
| 稍 | *sreːws |
| 哨 | *sreːws, *sʰews, *sew |
| 揱 | *sreːwɢs, *slew, *sreːwɢ |
| 潲 | *sreːws |
| 睄 | *sreːws |
| 悄 | *sʰewʔ |
| 俏 | *sʰews |
| 峭 | *sʰews |
| 陗 | *sʰews |
| 帩 | *sʰews |
| 誚 | *zews |
| 消 | *sew |
| 宵 | *sew |
| 霄 | *sew |
| 硝 | *sew |
| 銷 | *sew |
| 逍 | *sew |
| 魈 | *sew |
| 痟 | *slew |
| 焇 | *sew |
| 肖 | *slew, *slews |
| 韒 | *slewɢs |
| 趙 | *l'ewʔ |
| 箾 | *seːw, *sleːw |
| 踃 | *seːw |
| 削 | *slewɢ |
| 矟 | *sreːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sreːw, *sew) : semantic 虫 + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siao
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$
*** Yale: syāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^1$
*** Yale: sīu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: sjew
Rime :
| Character | 蛸 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 相邀切 |
| Baxter | sjew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /siᴇu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siɛu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sjæu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /siaw/ |
| Li Rong | /siɛu/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭɛu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯ɛu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiāo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | siu$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sew/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蛸 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 13746 |
| Phonetic component | 肖 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 宵 |
| Old Chinese | /*sew/ |

#### Definitions

蛸
* Used in 螵蛸 (piāoxiāo, “ootheca of a mantis”).
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 海螵蛸 (hǎipiāoxiāo)
* 白蛸
* 螵蛸 (piāoxiāo)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shāo (shao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saau$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shao
*** Wade–Giles: shao$^1$
*** Yale: shāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shau
*** Palladius: шао (šao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saau$^1$
*** Yale: sāau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sao$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːu̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: sraew
Rime :
| Character | 蛸 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 所交切 |
| Baxter | sraew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠau/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚau/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃau/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂaɨw/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃau/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃau/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂau/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shāo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saau$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sreːw/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蛸 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 13715 |
| Phonetic component | 肖 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 梢 |
| Old Chinese | /*sreːw/ |

#### Definitions

蛸
* Only used in 蠨蛸／蟏蛸 (xiāoshāo, “long-jawed spider (Tetragnathidae)”).

#### Compounds

* 蠨蛸 / 蟏蛸 (xiāoshāo)
* 蠨蛸滿堂 / 蟏蛸满堂 (xiāoshāomǎntáng)

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shāo, xiāo (shao$^1$, xiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄠ, ㄒㄧㄠ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shao
*** Wade–Giles: shao$^1$
*** Yale: shāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shau
*** Palladius: шао (šao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siao
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$
*** Yale: syāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

蛸
* octopus; cuttlefish

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 章舉 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 章魚, 蛸 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 章魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 八大魚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 八爪魚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 八帶蛸 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 蛸, 八帶蛸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 章魚, 八爪魚 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 章魚, 八爪魚 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 章魚, 八爪魚 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 八爪魚 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 章魚, 八帶魚 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 章魚 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 章魚 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 猴水 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 章魚, 咃鰸 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 豬母酸 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 墨斗魚 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 章魚 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 烏賊魚, 章魚 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 望潮 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Zhenhai) | 望潮 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 章魚 |

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* octopus

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)、そう (sō)
* Kun: たこ (tako, 蛸)

#### Compounds

* 飯蛸(いいだこ) (īdako)
* 螵蛸(おおじがふぐり) (ōjigafuguri)
* 貝蛸(かいだこ) (kaidako)
* 酢蛸(すだこ) (sudako)
* 蛸足(たこあし) (takoashi)
* 蛸烏賊(たこいか) (takoika)
* 蛸鉤(たこかぎ) (takokagi)
* 蛸水母(たこくらげ) (takokurage)
* 蛸頭巾(たこずきん) (takozukin)
* 蛸突(たこつ)き (takotsuki)
* 蛸壷(たこつぼ) (takotsubo): octopus pot; foxhole
* 蛸釣(たこつ)り (takotsuri)
* 蛸胴突(たこどうつ)き (takodōtsuki)
* 蛸入道(たこにゅうどう) (takonyūdō)
* 蛸(たこ)の足(あし) (tako no ashi)
* 蛸(たこ)の木(き) (tako no ki)
* 蛸(たこ)の糞(くそ)で頭(あたま)に上(あ)がる (tako no kuso de atama ni agaru)
* 蛸(たこ)の共食(ともぐ)い (tako no tomogui)
* 蛸(たこ)の枕(まくら) (tako no makura)
* 蛸配当(たこはいとう) (takohaitō)
* 蛸引(たこひ)き (takohiki)
* 蛸船(たこぶね) (takobune)
* 蛸部屋(たこべや) (takobeya)
* 蛸坊主(たこぼうず) (takobōzu)
* 蛸焼(たこや)き (takoyaki): takoyaki
* 蛸薬師(たこやくし) (takoyakushi)
* 手長蛸(てながだこ) (tenagadako)
* 引(ひ)っ張(ぱ)り蛸(だこ) (hipparidako)
* 船蛸(ふねだこ) (funedako)
* 真蛸(まだこ) (madako)
* 水蛸(みずだこ) (mizudako)
* 薬鑵(やかん)で茹(ゆ)でた蛸(たこ)のよう (yakan de yudeta tako no yō)
* 茹(ゆ)で蛸(だこ) (yudedako)
* Kanji in this term
* 蛸
* たこ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 章魚 鮹 鱆

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) たこ [táꜜkò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ta̠ko̞]

### Noun

蛸(たこ) or 蛸(タコ) • (tako)
* octopus

#### Descendants

* → Hokkien: 咃鰸 (thak-kho͘h)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

蛸 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.