# modern
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French moderne, from Late Latin modernus; from Latin modo (“just now”), originally ablative of modus (“measure”); hence, by measure, "just now". See also mode.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈmɒd(ə)n/
* (General American) enPR: mŏdʹərn, IPA: /ˈmɑdɚn/
* Rhymes: -ɒdə(ɹ)n
* Hyphenation: mod‧ern
* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

modern (comparative moderner or more modern, superlative modernest or most modern)
* Pertaining to a current or recent time and style; not ancient.
    Our online interactive game is a modern approach to teaching about gum disease.  Although it was built in the 1600s, the building still has a very modern look.
** 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:But then I had the flintlock by me for protection. ¶ There were giants in the days when that gun was made; for surely no modern mortal could have held that mass of metal steady to his shoulder. The linen-press and a chest on the top of it formed, however, a very good gun-carriage; and, thus mounted, aim could be taken out of the window […].
** 1930 May 31, “The "Overhead Door" for Garage-Factory-Warehouse”, in The Saturday Evening Post‎, volume 202, number 48, page 110:The "Overhead Door" is the garage door that can be opened or closed at a touch every day in the year—regardless of the weather. It is the garage door that opens UP Completely Out of the Way. In short, it is the modern door for the modern garage—in step with the times.
** 2018 June 14, Timothy Snyder, “How Did the Nazis Gain Power in Germany?”, in The New York Times:In fact, he had created the conditions for the great horror of modern times.
** 2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.
* (history) Pertaining to the modern period (c.1800 to contemporary times), particularly in academic historiography.

#### Synonyms

* (pertaining to current or recent time): contemporary, current; see also Thesaurus:present

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “pertaining to current or recent time”): ancient, dated, former, historical, old, old-fashioned; see also Thesaurus:past
* (antonym(s) of “pertaining to the modern period”): premodern

#### Derived terms

* antimodern
* as modern as next week
* early modern
* European early modern human
* late modern
* mid-century modern
* modern age
* modern algebra
* modern antique
* modern apprenticeship
* modern art
* modern as next week
* modern convenience
* modern dance
* modern-day
* Modern English
* moderner
* modern era
* modern first
* Modern French
* modern girl
* modern greats
* Modern Greek
* Modern Hebrew
* modern history
* modern human
* modernise, modernize
* modernism
* modernista
* modernity
* Modern Japanese
* modern jazz
* Modern Korean
* modern language
* modernly
* modernness
* modern pentathlon
* modern physics
* Modern Portuguese
* modern primitive
* modern school
* modern sequence dancing
* Modern Standard Arabic
* modern synthesis
* modern times
* modern up
* non-modern, nonmodern
* post-modern, postmodern
* postpostmodern
* premodern
* prepostmodern
* retro-modern
* secondary modern, secondary modern school
* transmodern
* ultra-modern, ultramodern
* unmodern

#### Related terms

* moderne
* Modernisme
* modernus

#### Translations
### Noun

modern (plural moderns)
* Someone who lives in modern times.
** 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:The only supernatural agents which can in any manner be allowed to us moderns, are ghosts; but of these I would advise an author to be extremely sparing.
** 1779, Edward Capell, John Collins, Notes and various readings to Shakespeare:What the moderns could mean by their suppression of the final couplet's repeatings, cannot be conceiv'd […]
** 1930, G. K. Chesterton, The Resurrection of Rome:They at least had the immense and mighty imagination of which I speak; they could unthink the past. They could uncreate the Fall. With a reverence which moderns might think impudence, they could uncreate the Creation.
** 1956, John Albert Wilson, The Culture of Ancient Egypt, page 144:Even though we moderns can never crawl inside the skin of the ancient and think and feel as he did […] we must as historians make the attempt.
** 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 181:Yeats understood these ancient mysteries better than any modern.

### References

* Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “modern”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* “modern”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* modern in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
* "modern" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 208.
* “modern”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “modern”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “modern”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Anagrams

* Morden, Redmon, nerdom, normed, rodmen

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin modernus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [muˈðɛrn]
* IPA: (Balearic) [moˈðɛrn]
* IPA: (Valencia) [moˈðɛɾn]

### Adjective

modern (feminine moderna, masculine plural moderns, feminine plural modernes)
* modern

#### Derived terms

* grec modern
* modernament
* modernisme
* modernista
* modernitat
* modernitzar
* postmodern

### Further reading

* “modern” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “modern”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “modern” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “modern” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French moderne, from Latin modernus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /moːˈdɛrn/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: mo‧dern
* Rhymes: -ɛrn

### Adjective

modern (comparative moderner, superlative modernst)
* modern
* (historical, Protestantism) modernist
    Synonym: modernistisch

#### Derived terms

* hypermodern
* moderniseren
* modernisme, modernist, moderniste
* moderniteit
* postmodern, postmodernisme, postmodernist, postmoderniste

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: modern
* → Papiamentu: modern (dated)

## German
### Etymology 1

From Moder (“moldiness”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmoːdɐn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛʁn

#### Verb

modern (weak, third-person singular present modert, past tense moderte, past participle gemodert, auxiliary haben)
* to rot, to molder

##### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

### Etymology 2

From French moderne, from Latin modernus.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /moˈdɛʁn/
* Audio:(file)

#### Adjective

modern (strong nominative masculine singular moderner, comparative moderner, superlative am modernsten)
* modern
* state-of-the-art

##### Derived terms

* Modernismus

### Further reading

* “modern (Verb)” in Duden online
* “modern (Adjektiv)” in Duden online
* “modern” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From English modern and German modern, from French moderne, from Medieval Latin modernus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmodɛrn]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: mo‧dern
* Rhymes: -ɛrn

### Adjective

modern (comparative modernebb, superlative legmodernebb)
* modern
    Synonym: korszerű

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

### Further reading

* modern in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Hunsrik
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /moˈtɛn/

### Adjective

modern
* modern

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Online Hunsrik Dictionary

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* moden (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)
* moderen (nonstandard Indonesian)

### Etymology

From Dutch modern, from Middle French moderne, from Latin modernus, from modo (“just now”), originally ablative of modus (“measure”); hence, by measure, "just now". Doublet of mode, model, modul, and modus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [moˈdɛr(ə̆)n]
* Hyphenation: mo‧dèrn

### Adjective

modèrn
* modern.
    Synonyms: terbaru, mutakhir

### Noun

modèrn (plural modern-modern)
* modern.

### Derived terms

* kemodernan
* memodernkan
* pemodernan
* termodern

### Related terms

* mode
* model
* modernisme
* modernitas
* modis
* modul
* modulasi
* modus

### Further reading

* “modern” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French moderne.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

modern m or n (feminine singular modernă, masculine plural moderni, feminine and neuter plural moderne)
* modern

#### Related terms

* modernism
* modernist
* moderniza

### Further reading

* modern in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Swedish
### Etymology 1

From French moderne, from Late Latin modernus.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /muˈdɛrn/, /moˈdɛrn/
* Audio:(file)

#### Adjective

modern (comparative modernare, superlative modernast)
* modern
* in fashion

##### Declension

$^1$ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. $^2$ Dated or archaic. $^3$ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

##### Antonyms

* omodern

##### Related terms

* modernisera
* modernism
* modernistisk

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmuːdɛrn/

#### Noun

modern
* definite singular of moder
* definite singular of mor

### Anagrams

* morden

## Turkish
### Etymology

From French moderne

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /moˈdæɾn/

### Adjective

modern
* modern

#### Declension
## Welsh
### Etymology

Borrowed from English modern.

### Adjective

modern (feminine singular modern, plural modern, equative mor fodern, comparative mwy modern, superlative mwyaf modern)
* modern

#### Synonyms

* (recent): cyfoes, diweddar

#### Derived terms

* modernaidd (“modernistic”, adjective)
* modernedd m (“modernity”)
* moderniad m or f (“modernist”)
* moderniaeth f (“modernism”)
* modernydd m or f (“modernist”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “modern”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies