# ◌̃

| ◌̃ | U+0303, &#771; COMBINING TILDE |
| ← ◌̂ [U+0302] | Combining Diacritical Marks | ◌̄ → [U+0304] |

## Translingual
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* (IPA) Nasalization.
    The French term "bon vivant" is pronounced [bɔ̃vivɑ̃].
* (UPA) Strong nasalization. Cf. ⟨◌̰⟩ for weak nasalization.
* (Lithuanian dialectology) Marks a stressed syllable with "rising tone".

#### Usage notes

(IPA): Distinguish two stacked nasal tildes (strong nasalization, [◌̃̃]) from a double tilde: ⟨◌͌⟩.

## Estonian
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called tilde (“tilde”) in Estonian, and found on Õ/õ.

## Greenlandic
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* (in the old orthography) Used over a vowel to indicate gemination of both that vowel and the following consonant.

## Latin
### Etymology

Developed in cursive writing from n atop another letter.

### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* Written on a letter, usually a vowel, in place of an omitted n or m.
    cũ — cum
    ī̃fluente — īnfluente
    ñ — nōn
    quīcũque — quīcumque or quīcunque

#### Descendants

* → Old English: ◌̃
** Middle English: ◌̃
*** English: ◌̃
* Old French: ◌̃
** Middle French: ◌̃
* → German: ◌̃
* Portuguese: ◌̃
* Spanish: ◌̃

## Middle English
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* Written on a letter, usually a vowel, in place of an omitted n or m.
** c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffe’s Bible, MS Egerton 617.)‎, published c. 1390–1397, 8:7, page 20r, column 2:[…] ne floodis ſchul not prowẽ it doũ.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Descendants

* English: ◌̃

## Middle French
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* Written on a letter, usually a vowel, in place of an omitted n or m.
    ã — an
    ẽ — en

## Old French
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* Written on a letter, usually a vowel, in place of an omitted n or m.
    ã — an
    cointemẽt — cointement
    ẽ — en

#### Descendants

* Middle French: ◌̃

## Portuguese
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called til (“tilde”) in Portuguese, and found on Ã/ã and Õ/õ.

#### Usage notes

* In the letter a, forms ã with the sound /ɐ̃/ followed by a semivowel or word-finally, as in avelã and canção, or in words derived from those, as in maçãzeira.
* In the letter o, forms õ with the sound /õ/ followed by a semivowel, as in canções and põem.
* Additionally, the same diacritical mark has had other uses in the past:
** In the letter u, forms ũ with the sound /ũ/ followed by a vowel, as in hũa.
** Abbreviation of m or n in the syllable coda, as in cõtãto (for contanto) and cõ (for com).
** In the letter q, forms q̃ as an abbreviation of que and derivatives, as in q̃ for que, porq̃ for porque and paraq̃ for para que.
* The tilde can appear in nonstressed or stressed vowels alike:
** A tilde can occur in an unstressed syllable in the same word as the acute or circumflex accent, as in sótão, órgão and bênção.
** Multiple tildes can occur in augmentatives, as in aviãozão and leãozão.
** In words with the suffixes -zinho (forms diminutives) and -mente (forms adverbs from adjectives, like the English suffix -ly), the stressed syllable changes and thus normally accents would be dropped, as in pé, pezinho; pálido, palidamente. That does not happen with the tilde: irmã, irmãzinha; alemã, alemãmente.

### References

* Cláudio Moreno (2009 May 19) “til não é acento”, in sualíngua‎ (in Portuguese), archived from the original on 26 September 2013

## Spanish
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called virgulilla (“tilde”) in Spanish, and found on Ñ/ñ.

## Vietnamese
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called dấu ngã (“tumbling mark”) in Vietnamese, and found on Ã/ã, Ẵ/ẵ, Ẫ/ẫ, Ẽ/ẽ, Ễ/ễ, Ĩ/ĩ, Õ/õ, Ỗ/ỗ, Ỡ/ỡ, Ũ/ũ, Ữ/ữ and Ỹ/ỹ. Used to indicate mid-rising, glottalized tone.

#### Usage notes

In some dialects of Vietnamese, particularly Saigonese, the mid-rising, glottalized tone is conflated with the mid falling-rising, harsh tone represented by ̉. Therefore, speakers of Saigonese often use ̉ in words that are spelled with a tilde in standard written Vietnamese.
In Vietnamese handwriting and signmaking, the letter I/i retains its tittle.
In Vietnamese handwriting, when the tilde is combined with the circumflex, the tilde's left side may be omitted and its right side curled.

## Yoruba
### Diacritical mark

◌̃
* (obsolete) A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called àmì fàágùn (“lengthend mark”). Formerly used to indicate any sequence of tones on extended vowels

#### See also

* ◌̀
* ◌́
* ◌̂ (obsolete)
* ◌̄
* ◌̌ (obsolete)