# 絨

| 絨 | U+7D68, &#32104; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D68 |
| ← 絧 [U+7D67] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 絩 → [U+7D69] |

## Translingual
### Han character

絨 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女火戈十 (VFIJ), four-corner 2395$_0$, composition ⿰糹戎)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 923, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27435
* Dae Jaweon: page 1358, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3389, character 8
* Unihan data for U+7D68

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 娀 | *snuŋ |
| 戎 | *njuŋ |
| 茙 | *njuŋ |
| 駥 | *njuŋ |
| 狨 | *njuŋ |
| 絨 | *njuŋ |

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “←→茸?”)

#### “ronto-”

    Phono-semantic matching of English ronto-. Coined by the Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection of the Republic of China Ministry of Economic Affairs (經濟部標準檢驗局) and first published on 31 October 2023.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): róng (rong$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jung$^4$ / jung$^{4-2}$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùng
* Northern Min (KCR): ě̤ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̀ng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): liông / jiông
    (Teochew, Peng'im): rong$^5$ / riong$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$gnion
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: róng
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: róng
*** Wade–Giles: jung$^2$
*** Yale: rúng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rong
*** Palladius: жун (žun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐʊŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jung$^4$ / jung$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: yùhng / yúng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jung$^4$ / jung$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yung$^4$ / yung$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ²¹/, /jʊŋ²¹⁻³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùng
*** Hakka Romanization System: iung$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yung$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùng
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)iung$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yung$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ě̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /œyŋ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀ng
*** Sinological IPA : /yŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông
*** Tâi-lô: liông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lioong
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liɔŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiông
*** Tâi-lô: jiông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jioong
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziɔŋ²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziɔŋ¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: rong$^5$ / riong$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jông / jiông
*** Sinological IPA : /d͡zoŋ⁵⁵/, /d͡zioŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$gnion
*** MiniDict: nyon$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$nyion
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲioŋ²³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit絨 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʐuŋ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʐuŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʐuŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /luŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /iŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʐuŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /vəŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /uə̃²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʐuŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /və̃n⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʐuŋ⁵¹/ /vɤŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ioŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /zoŋ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /zoŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʐoŋ¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʐoŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /iŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /zuəŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /zuŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ʐũŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ȵioŋ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ȵioŋ¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ȵioŋ²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zoŋ³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /yʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /in⁴⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ioŋ¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /in¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /iuŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /iuŋ¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʒuŋ¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /joŋ²¹/ /joŋ³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /juŋ²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /juŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /liɔŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /yŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /œyŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /zoŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /zɔŋ³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: nyuwng
Rime :
| Character | 絨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (2) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 如融切 |
| Baxter | nyuwng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵɨuŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵiuŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑiuŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵuwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiuŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭuŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯uŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | róng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jung$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*njuŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 絨 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10853 |
| Phonetic component | 戎 |
| Rime group | 終 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 戎 |
| Old Chinese | /*njuŋ/ |
| Notes | 同狨 |

### Definitions

絨
* silk, cotton, or woolen fabric
* velvet
* [from 2023] (Taiwan) ronto- (SI unit prefix)
    Synonym: 柔 (róu) (Mainland)

### Compounds

* 呢絨 / 呢绒 (níróng)
* 天鵝絨 / 天鹅绒 (tiān'éróng)
* 栽絨 / 栽绒
* 棉花絨 / 棉花绒
* 毛絨 / 毛绒
* 毛絨絨 / 毛绒绒 (máoróngróng)
* 法蘭絨 / 法兰绒 (fǎlánróng)
* 漳絨 / 漳绒
* 火絨 / 火绒 (huǒróng)
* 燈心絨 / 灯心绒
* 石絨 / 石绒
* 絨布 / 绒布 (róngbù)
* 絨毛 / 绒毛 (róngmáo)
* 絨毬 / 绒球
* 絨毯 / 绒毯 (róngtǎn)
* 絨球 / 绒球 (róngqiú)
* 絲絨 / 丝绒 (sīróng)
* 絨線 / 绒线 (róngxiàn)
* 絨頭繩 / 绒头绳 (róngtóushéng)
* 腸絨毛 / 肠绒毛
* 艾絨 / 艾绒 (àiróng)
* 蒲絨 / 蒲绒
* 蔓綠絨 / 蔓绿绒
* 貉絨 / 貉绒
* 長毛絨 / 长毛绒 (chángmáoróng)
* 雪絨花 / 雪绒花
* 駝絨 / 驼绒
* 駱駝絨 / 骆驼绒
* 鴨絨 / 鸭绒
* 鵝絨 / 鹅绒
* 鵝絨白 / 鹅绒白
* 麗絨 / 丽绒

#### See also

SI prefix :
| Last | | Next |
| 攸/幺 | 絨/柔 / 绒/柔 | 匱/虧 / 匮/亏 |

### References

* “絨”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* wool cloth

#### Readings

* Go-on: にゅう (nyū)
* Kan-on: じゅう (jū)
* Kun: ねりいと (neriito, 絨)、けおり (keori, 絨)

#### Compounds

* 絨衣(じゅうい) (jūi)
* 絨毯(じゅうたん) (jūtan), 絨緞(じゅうたん) (jūtan): carpet, rug
* 絨毛(じゅうもう) (jūmō): wool
* 縮絨(しゅくじゅう) (shukujū)
* 製絨(せいじゅう) (seijū)
* 石絨(せきじゅう) (sekijū)
* 天鵞絨(てんがじゅう) (tengajū), 天鵞絨(ビロード) (birōdo): velvet

## Korean
### Hanja

絨 • (yung) (hangeul 융, revised yung, McCune–Reischauer yung, Yale yung)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Chữ Hán

絨: Hán Việt readings: nhung
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.