# 猛

| 猛 | U+731B, &#29467; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-731B |
| ← 猚 [U+731A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 猜 → [U+731C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

猛 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 大竹弓木廿 (KHNDT), four-corner 4721$_7$, composition ⿰犭孟)

#### Derived characters

* 𢕙

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 713, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20498
* Dae Jaweon: page 1125, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1354, character 22
* Unihan data for U+731B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 猛 | *mraːŋʔ |
| 艋 | *mraːŋʔ |
| 蜢 | *mraːŋʔ |
| 皿 | *maŋʔ |
| 孟 | *mraːŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mraːŋʔ): semantic 犬 + phonetic 孟 (OC *mraːŋs).

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): měng (meng$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mong$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maang$^5$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): mang$^4$ / mang$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): men$^3$ / mang$^3$ / mung$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): mâng / mên
    (Meixian, Guangdong): mang$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): meng$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): ma̿ing
* Eastern Min (BUC): māng / mēng / mē̤ng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): meng$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): béng / mí / mée / mé / mih / meeh
    (Teochew, Peng'im): mên$^2$ / mêng$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$man; $^5$men
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mong$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: měng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: měng
*** Wade–Giles: mêng$^3$
*** Yale: měng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meeng
*** Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɤŋ²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: mong$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mung
*** Sinological IPA : /moŋ⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maang$^5$
*** Yale: máahng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maang$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mang$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /maːŋ¹³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: mang$^4$ / mang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵐbaŋ²¹/, /ᵐbaŋ³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: men$^3$ / mang$^3$ / mung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɛn²¹³/, /maŋ²¹³/, /muŋ²¹³/
* men3 - vernacular;
* mang3 - vernacular (used in 猛子);
* mung3 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: maengX
Rime :
| Character | 猛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (109) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 莫幸切 |
| Baxter | maengX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mˠæŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mᵚaŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /maŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /maɨjŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /mɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /mɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | měng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mang$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*mraːŋʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 猛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9148 |
| Phonetic component | 皿 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*mraːŋʔ/ |
| Notes | 原作莫幸切（幸在耿韻），依切三全王改 |

### Definitions

猛
* ferocious; fierce; violent
    猛獸／猛兽 ― měngshòu ― ferocious beast
* bold; brave; courageous
    勇猛 ― yǒngměng ― bold
* powerful; vigorous; intense
    風吹得很猛。／风吹得很猛。 ― Fēng chuī de hěn měng. ― The wind is blowing very hard.
* (slang) awesome
* (Cantonese) haunted; spooky
* (Eastern Min, Teochew, Hainanese, Zhangzhou and Penang Hokkien, dialectal Hakka) fast; quick
* suddenly; abruptly; quickly
* (colloquial) to one's heart's content
* (Cantonese) continuously; vigorously; persistently; insistently
       keoi$^5$ maang$^5$ daa$^2$ gei$^1$, dou$^1$ m$^4$ gei$^3$ dak$^1$ jiu$^3$ sik$^6$ faan$^6$. [Jyutping]
       He gamed as if there were no tomorrow, such that he even forgot to eat.
    From: Samuel Hui, 十個女仔
    sap$^6$ go$^3$ neoi$^5$ zai$^2$, gau$^2$ go$^3$ waa$^6$ mai$^5$, ming$^4$ ming$^4$ hai$^6$ zai$^3$, maang$^5$ waa$^6$ m$^4$ hai$^6$ [Jyutping]
    Out of ten girls, nine said no. [They're] obviously willing, [but they] kept saying no.
* a surname

#### Synonyms

* (fast):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 疾 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 快, 快速, 迅速 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 快 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 快 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 快騰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 快 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 快 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 快 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 快 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 快 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 快, 快當, 快性 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 快 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 快, 快當 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 快 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 快, 𢜶 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 快, 𢜶 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 快, 𢜶 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 快, 快脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 快, 快脆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 快 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 快 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 快 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 快 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 快, 快脆 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 快脆 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 快 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 快 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 快 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 快 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 快 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 快 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 快 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 快 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 快 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 遽, 快 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 遽 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 遽, 快 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 䟐 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 急 |
| Hakka | Pinghe (Jiufeng) | 緊 |
| Hakka | Changting | 䟐 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 䟐 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 遽, 䟐 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 䟐 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 快 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 遽 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 快, 䟐 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 快 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 遽 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 遽 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 遽 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 遽, 拚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 遽 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 緊 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 快 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 遽 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 猛 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 猛 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 猛 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 快 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 快 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 快 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 快 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 快 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 快, 猛 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 快 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 快 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 快 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 快 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 猛, 緊 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 猛, 兇 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 緊, 猛, 快 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 快 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 緊 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 猛, 快 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 猛 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 快 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 猛 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 緊 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 緊 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 烈 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 烈 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 快, 快當 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 快 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 快 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 快 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 快 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 快 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 快 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 快 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 快 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 快 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 快 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 快, 𢜶 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 快 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 快, 𢜶 |
| Wu | Danyang | 快, 𢜶 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 快 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 快 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 快, 緊 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 快 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 快, 快迅 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 快, 快迅 |
* (suddenly):
* 一下 (yīxià)
* 一下子 (yīxiàzi)
* 一舉 / 一举 (yījǔ)
* 一頭 / 一头 (yītóu)
* 乍然 (zhàrán) (literary)
* 倏忽 (literary)
* 卒爾 / 卒尔 (cù'ěr) (literary)
* 忽地 (hūdì)
* 忽然 (hūrán)
* 𢫦𢫦風 / 𢫦𢫦风 (Hakka)
* 暫 / 暂 (zàn) (literary)
* 猝然 (cùrán)
* 猛然 (měngrán)
* 猝爾 / 猝尔 (cù'ěr) (literary)
* 突然 (tūrán)
* 突然間 / 突然间 (tūránjiān)
* 豁然 (huòrán) (literary)
* 遽然 (jùrán) (literary)
* 陡 (dǒu) (literary, or in compounds)
* 陡然 (dǒurán)
* 霍然 (huòrán)
* 頓 / 顿 (literary)
* 頓然 / 顿然 (dùnrán)
* 驀地 / 蓦地
* 驀然 / 蓦然 (mòrán) (formal)
* 驟然 / 骤然 (zhòurán) (literary)

### Compounds

* 三猛
* 乍猛的
* 伏猛
* 兇猛 / 凶猛 (xiōngměng)
* 凶猛 (xiōngměng)
* 剛猛 / 刚猛
* 劉猛將軍 / 刘猛将军
* 勁猛 / 劲猛
* 勇猛 (yǒngměng)
* 勇猛果敢
* 勇猛求進 / 勇猛求进
* 勇猛直前
* 勇猛精進 / 勇猛精进
* 嚴猛 / 严猛
* 壯猛 / 壮猛
* 太猛
* 威猛 (wēiměng)
* 威而不猛
* 寬猛 / 宽猛
* 寬猛並濟 / 宽猛并济
* 寬猛相濟 / 宽猛相济
* 張猛龍碑 / 张猛龙碑
* 徽猛
* 扎猛子 (zhāměngzi)
* 打猛子 (dǎměngzi)
* 拳猛
* 攫戾執猛 / 攫戾执猛
* 新出猛兒 / 新出猛儿
* 暴猛
* 服猛
* 梟猛 / 枭猛
* 武猛
* 殘猛 / 残猛
* 毅猛
* 毒蛇猛獸 / 毒蛇猛兽 (dúshéměngshòu)
* 洪水猛獸 / 洪水猛兽 (hóngshuǐměngshòu)
* 洶猛 / 汹猛
* 熾猛 / 炽猛
* 狼猛蜂毒
* 猛丁
* 猛不乍
* 猛不防
* 猛乍
* 猛人 (měngrén)
* 猛個勁 / 猛个劲
* 猛健
* 猛利
* 猛割丁
* 猛劑 / 猛剂
* 猛力
* 猛勁 / 猛劲
* 猛勇
* 猛厲 / 猛厉
* 猛可
* 猛古丁
* 猛可裏 / 猛可里
* 猛可裡 / 猛可里
* 猛哥丁
* 猛回頭 / 猛回头
* 猛地
* 猛地裡 / 猛地里
* 猛地裏 / 猛地里
* 猛士 (měngshì)
* 猛壯 / 猛壮
* 猛奮 / 猛奋
* 猛子 (měngzi)
* 猛孤丁地
* 猛孤仃的
* 猛孤停的
* 猛安
* 猛寒
* 猛將 / 猛将 (měngjiàng)
* 猛峻
* 猛志
* 猛忽
* 猛急
* 猛怒
* 猛悍
* 猛惡 / 猛恶
* 猛憨
* 猛戾
* 猛捷
* 猛攻 (měnggōng)
* 猛政
* 猛暴
* 猛概
* 猛樹 / 猛树
* 猛武
* 猛殺 / 猛杀
* 猛毅
* 猛氏
* 猛氣 / 猛气
* 猛決 / 猛决
* 猛法
* 猛浪
* 猛火 (měnghuǒ)
* 猛火油
* 猛炬
* 猛烈 (měngliè)
* 猛然 (měngrán)
* 猛然大悟
* 猛然間 / 猛然间
* 猛燭 / 猛烛
* 猙猛 / 狰猛
* 猛獁 / 猛犸 (měngmǎ)
* 猛獸 / 猛兽 (měngshòu)
* 猛生
* 猛的
* 猛盛
* 猛省 (měngxǐng)
* 猛禽 (měngqín)
* 猛糾 / 猛纠
* 猛著先鞭
* 猛著祖鞭
* 猛藥 / 猛药
* 猛虎 (měnghǔ)
* 猛虎插翅
* 猛虎步
* 猛虎深山
* 猛虎添翼
* 猛虎行
* 猛虡
* 猛衝 / 猛冲
* 猛起
* 猛趫趫 / 猛𰷶𰷶
* 猛趷丁
* 猛跌
* 猛迅
* 猛進 / 猛进
* 猛醒
* 猛銳 / 猛锐
* 猛飲 / 猛饮
* 猛鳥 / 猛鸟
* 猛鷙 / 猛鸷 (měngzhì)
* 獰猛 / 狞猛 (níngměng)
* 生猛 (shēngměng)
* 疏猛
* 發猛 / 发猛
* 矯猛 / 矫猛
* 突飛猛進 / 突飞猛进 (tūfēiměngjìn)
* 粗猛
* 精兵猛將 / 精兵猛将
* 精猛
* 聲雄力猛 / 声雄力猛
* 謀臣猛將 / 谋臣猛将
* 豪猛
* 趫猛 / 𰷶猛
* 踏猛子
* 躁猛
* 軋鬧猛 / 轧闹猛
* 輕猛 / 轻猛
* 迅猛 (xùnměng)
* 進猛 / 进猛
* 邁步猛進 / 迈步猛进
* 雄猛
* 餘猛 / 余猛
* 駿猛 / 骏猛
* 驕猛 / 骄猛
* 驍猛 / 骁猛
* 高歌猛進 / 高歌猛进 (gāogēměngjìn)
* 鬧猛 / 闹猛
* 鷙猛 / 鸷猛 (zhìměng)
* 麤猛 / 粗猛
* 龍猛筆 / 龙猛笔
* 龍猛軍 / 龙猛军
* 龍精虎猛 / 龙精虎猛 (lóngjīnghǔměng)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 猛(もう) (mō)
Others:
* → Vietnamese: mạnh (猛, “powerful”)

### References

* “猛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “猛”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 155.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* fierce, ferocious

#### Readings

* Go-on: もう (mō, Jōyō)、みょう (myō)
* Kan-on: ぼう (bō)
* Kun: たけし (takeshi, 猛し)、たける (takeru, 猛る)、たけぶ (takebu, 猛ぶ)
* Nanori: たけし (takeshi)、たける (takeru)

#### Compounds

* 猛丸(たけまる) (Takemaru): A male given name
* 猛速(もうそく) (mōsoku): seriously fast speed

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 猛
* もう Grade: S
* on'yomi

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) もー [móꜜò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [mo̞ː]

### Noun

猛(もう) • (mō)
* ferociousness

### Prefix

猛(もう) • (mō-)
* wild, ferocious, frenzied
    猛(もう)ダッシュ
       mō-dasshu
       wild dash
    猛(もう)アタック
       mō-atakku
       frenzied attack
    猛(もう)勉強(べんきょう)
       mō-benkyō
       intense studying

### Proper noun

猛(たけし) • (Takeshi)
* a male given name

### Proper noun

猛(たける) • (Takeru)
* a male given name

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

猛 (eumhun 사나울 맹 (sanaul maeng))
* hanja form of 맹 (“violent, savage, cruel”)
* hanja form of 맹 (“bold”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

猛: Hán Nôm readings: mãnh, mạnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.