# 透

| 透 | U+900F, &#36879; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-900F |
| ← 逎 [U+900E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 逐 → [U+9010] |

## Translingual
### Han character

透 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+7, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜竹木尸 (YHDS), four-corner 3230$_2$, composition ⿺辶秀)

#### Derived characters

* 𫫟, 𫽾, 𦄭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1257, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38876
* Dae Jaweon: page 1742, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3842, character 1
* Unihan data for U+900F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 透 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 透 | *l̥ʰoːs, *hljuɡ |
| 莠 | *luʔ |
| 誘 | *luʔ |
| 蜏 | *luʔ, *slus, *lus |
| 琇 | *luʔ, *slus |
| 秀 | *slus |
| 銹 | *slus |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰoːs, *hljuɡ): semantic 辵 (“walking”) + phonetic 秀 (OC *slus).
This character is not attested in the oracle bone script or bronze inscriptions.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): tòu (tou$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄡˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tou$^4$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): tōu
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): tōu
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): tau$^3$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): taau$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): heu$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): teu$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): theu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): têu$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): tou$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): te̿
* Eastern Min (BUC): táu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tao$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thàu / thò͘ / thiò / thò
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tao$^3$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): tao$^3$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): tau$^3$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^5$theu / $^5$thoe / $^5$thei / $^5$the
** (Jinhua): $^5$thieu
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tou$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tòu
*** Wade–Giles: tʻou$^4$
*** Yale: tòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tow
*** Palladius: тоу (tou)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰoʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: tou$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tou
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰəu²¹³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: tōu
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɤu⁵⁵/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: tōu
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): tou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰəɯ⁴⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tau$^3$
*** Yale: tau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tau$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: teo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɐu̯³³/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: taau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰau³²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: heu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /heu³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: teu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɛu²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: theu
*** Hakka Romanization System: teu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: teu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰeu̯⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: têu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰeu⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: tou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰəu⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: te̿
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰe³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: táu
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑu²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: tao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰau⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thàu
*** Tâi-lô: thàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: taux
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tʰau²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰau¹¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò͘
*** Tâi-lô: thòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tox
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰɔ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiò
*** Tâi-lô: thiò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tioix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰio⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò
*** Tâi-lô: thò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toix
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰo¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɤ²¹/
* thàu - vernacular;
* thò͘/thiò/thò - literary.
* Middle Chinese: thuwH
Rime :
| Character | 透 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 他候切 |
| Baxter | thuwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰəu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰəu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰəw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰəu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tòu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tau$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰoːs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 透 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 13929 |
| Phonetic component | 秀 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 透 |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ʰoːs/ |

#### Definitions

透
* to penetrate; to pass through
* to show; to reveal
* to disclose
* thoroughly; completely
* clear and thorough
* (Cantonese) transparent
* (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 透 (MC thuwH)
* (Jin or Internet slang, vulgar, derogatory) fuck
    透你媽！／透你妈！ ― Tòu nǐ mā! ― Fuck your mother!

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 肏$_1$, 日, 弄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 幹, 肏$_1$ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 肏$_1$ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 肏$_1$ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 幹 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 幹 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 肏$_1$ |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 肏$_1$ |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 日, 尻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 日 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 窄, 失 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 日 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 日, 尻, 操, 肏$_1$ |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 日 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 日 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 日 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 日 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 日, 搞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 日, 肏$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 日 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 屌, 肏$_1$ |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 屌, 肏$_1$ |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 日, 操 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 入 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 弄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 屌 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 屌 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 戳 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 戳 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 戳 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 屌 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 屌 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 屌 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 屌 |
| Hakka | Changting | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 屌 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 屌 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 屌, 戳 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 屌 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 屌 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 屌 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 屌, 戳 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 屌 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 屌 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 屌 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 屌 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 屌 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 透, 肏$_1$, 日 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 透, 日 |
| Jin | Linhe | 透 |
| Jin | Jining | 透 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 透 |
| Jin | Baotou | 透 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 饁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 𠚺 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 𠚺 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 𠚺 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 𠚺 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 操 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 操 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 戳 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 戳 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 操 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 箍 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 使, 獛 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 使 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 使 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 使 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 使 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 使 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 使 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 姦, 躄 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 姦 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 姦, 使 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 使 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 甫 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 肏$_4$ |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 肏$_4$ |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 肏$_4$ |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 騷 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 騷 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 屌 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 屌 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 戳 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 戳 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 戳 |
| Wu | Haining (Yanguan) | 戳 |
| Wu | Danyang | 肏$_5$ |
| Wu | Ningbo | 嬉 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 裝 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 弄, 入 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 肏$_3$ |
| Xiang | Loudi | 肏$_3$ |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 肏$_3$ |

#### Compounds

* 不透明體 / 不透明体
* 伶透
* 侵肌透骨
* 倒楣透頂 / 倒楣透顶
* 偽裝滲透 / 伪装渗透
* 凹透鏡 / 凹透镜 (āotòujìng)
* 凸透鏡 / 凸透镜 (tūtòujìng)
* 剔透 (tītòu)
* 剔透玲瓏 / 剔透玲珑
* 力透紙背 / 力透纸背
* 半透明 (bàntòumíng)
* 半透明體 / 半透明体
* 參透 / 参透 (cāntòu)
* 反滲透 / 反渗透
* 吃透 (chītòu)
* 官星透露
* 密不透風 / 密不透风
* 想不透
* 握拳透掌
* 握拳透爪
* 摸透 (mōtòu)
* 晶瑩剔透 / 晶莹剔透
* 會聚透鏡 / 会聚透镜
* 樂透 / 乐透 (lètòu)
* 海上滲透 / 海上渗透
* 浸透 (jìntòu)
* 滲透 / 渗透 (shèntòu)
* 無聊透頂 / 无聊透顶
* 猜透
* 玲瓏剔透 / 玲珑剔透
* 看不透
* 看透 (kàntòu)
* 瞧不透
* 穿透 (chuāntòu)
* 走透
* 路透社 (Lùtòushè)
* 透不過氣 / 透不过气
* 透亮
* 透光 (tòuguāng)
* 透光帶 / 透光带 (tòuguāng dài)
* 透光性
* 透光鏡 / 透光镜
* 透古通今
* 透天厝 (tòutiāncuò)
* 透平機 / 透平机 (tòupíngjī)
* 透底 (tòudǐ)
* 透心涼 / 透心凉 (tòuxīnliáng)
* 透性膜
* 透抽 (thàu-thiu)
* 透支 (tòuzhī)
* 透早 (thàu-chá)
* 透明 (tòumíng)
* 透明化
* 透明度 (tòumíngdù)
* 透明漆
* 透明體 / 透明体 (tòumíngtǐ)
* 透析 (tòuxī)
* 透氣 / 透气 (tòuqì)
* 透水性
* 透消息
* 透漏
* 透澈 (tòuchè)
* 透視 / 透视 (tòushì)
* 透視圖 / 透视图
* 透視畫法 / 透视画法
* 透視縮影 / 透视缩影
* 透脫 / 透脱
* 通透 (tōngtòu)
* 透過 / 透过 (tòuguò)
* 透鏡 / 透镜 (tòujìng)
* 透闢 / 透辟 (tòupì)
* 透雨 (tòuyǔ)
* 透露 (tòulù)
* 透頂 / 透顶 (tòudǐng)
* 透風 / 透风 (tòufēng)
* 透風就過 / 透风就过
* 透骨
* 透骨酸心
* 靈透 / 灵透
* 風雨不透 / 风雨不透

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shū (shu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shū
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shu
*** Wade–Giles: shu$^1$
*** Yale: shū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
*** Palladius: шу (šu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂu⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: syuwk
Rime :
| Character | 透 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (4) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 式竹切 |
| Baxter | syuwk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕɨuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕiuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕuwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiuk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭuk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi̯uk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | suk$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljuɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 透 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 13939 |
| Phonetic component | 秀 |
| Rime group | 覺 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 叔 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljuɡ/ |
| Notes | 見方言 |

#### Definitions

透
* (obsolete) startled; alarmed; disturbed

### References

* “透”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 透 |
| Kyūjitai | 透󠄁 透+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 透󠄃 透+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* transparent
* permeable, porous
* passable, (in the sense of objects spaced far enough apart to allow something in-between)

#### Readings

From Middle Chinese 透 (MC thuwH); compare Mandarin 透 (tòu):
* Go-on: つ (tsu)
* Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
From Middle Chinese 透 (MC syuwk); compare Mandarin 透 (shū):
* Go-on: しゅく (shuku)
* Kan-on: しゅく (shuku)
* Kan’yō-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
From native Japanese roots:
* Kun: すく (suku, 透く, Jōyō)、すかす (sukasu, 透かす, Jōyō)、すける (sukeru, 透ける, Jōyō)、とおる (tōru, 透る)、とおす (tōsu, 透す)
* Nanori: すき (suki)、すく (suku)、とおる (tōru)、ゆき (yuki)

#### Compounds

* 透過
* 透明
* 浸透

### Proper noun

透(とおる) • (Tōru)
* a unisex given name

### Proper noun

透(すける) • (Sukeru)
* a male given name

### References

* ↑ “透”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2102 (paper), page 1103 (digital)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 透 (MC thuwH).

### Hanja

Wikisource 透 (eumhun 사무칠 투 (samuchil tu))
* hanja form of 투 (“transparent”)
* hanja form of 투 (“permeable; pass through”)

#### Compounds

* 삼투압 (渗透壓, samtuap)
* 침투 (浸透, chimtu)
* 투과 (透過, tugwa)
* 투광 (透光, tugwang)
* 투명 (透明, tumyeong)
* 투사 (透寫, tusa)
* 투시 (透視, tusi)
* 투영 (透映, tuyeong)
* 투철 (透徹, tucheol)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

透: Hán Nôm readings: thấu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.