# 봄

| 봄 | U+BD04, &#48388; HANGUL SYLLABLE BOM |
| Composition: | ㅂ + ㅗ + ㅁ |
| ← 봃 [U+BD03] | Hangul Syllables | 봅 → [U+BD05] |
보복볶볷본볹볺 볻볼볽볾볿봀봁 봂봃봄봅봆봇봈 봉봊봋봌봍봎봏 :
| 볘 ← | → 봐 |

## Jeju
### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽pom⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [pom]
* Phonetic hangul: [봄]

### Noun

봄 (bom)
* spring, springtime

### See also

Seasons in Jeju · 철 (cheol) (layout · text) · category :
| 봄 (bom, “spring”) | ᄋᆢ름 (yawreum, “summer”) | ᄀᆞ슬 (gawseul, “fall; autumn”) | 저슬 (jeoseul, “winter”) |

## Korean
### Etymology 1

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 봄〮 (Yale: pwóm). The etymology beyond Middle Korean is not clear:
* Middle Korean nouns ending in /-m/ are often substantives of verbs, but the only relevant verb is 보다〮 (Yale: pwò-tá, “to see”), which seems semantically unrelated.
* Some online sources claim a connection to the element 봄 (Yale: pwom) in the Middle Korean compound verb 봄놀다 (Yale: pwom-nwolta, “to romp; to spring about in play”), whose second element is 놀〯다〮 (Yale: nwǒltá, “to play”). If valid, the semantics would be similar to English spring. It is not clear whether this has been suggested in academia.
    However, it appears more likely that 봄 (Yale: pwom) is an allomorph of 봅 (pwop-), nasalized by the following /n/, as indicated by the variant spelling 봅놀다 (pwopnwolta); compare ablaut variant 붑괴다 (Yale: pwup-kwoyta, “to seethe”).
* It has been tentatively proposed that this is an ancient pre-Sino-Korean borrowing from Old Chinese 芃 (OC *[b]ˤ[o]m, “luxuriant growth (of foliage)”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [po̞m]
* Phonetic hangul: [봄]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 봄의 / 봄에 / 봄까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.

#### Noun

봄 • (bom)
* spring, springtime
    Hypernym: 계절(季節) (gyejeol, “season (of the year)”)

##### Coordinate terms

Seasons in Korean · 사철 (四철, sacheol), 사계 (四季, sagye, “four seasons”) (layout · text) · category :
| 봄 (bom, “spring”) | 여름 (yeoreum, “summer”) | 가을 (ga'eul, “fall; autumn”) | 겨울 (gyeoul, “winter”) |

##### Derived terms

* 봄가뭄 (bomgamum, “spring drought”)
* 봄갈이 (bomgari, “spring tilling, ploughing”)
* 봄나물 (bomnamul, “spring greens”)
* 봄날 (bomnal, “spring day”)
* 봄날씨 (bomnalssi, “spring weather”)
* 봄눈 (bomnun, “spring snow”)
* 봄바람 (bombaram, “spring breeze”)
* 봄비 (bombi, “spring rain”)
* 봄빛 (bombit, “spring scenery”)
* 봄철 (bomcheol, “springtime”)

##### See also

* 春 (chun), the hanja for spring

### Etymology 2

See the main entry.

#### Noun

봄 • (bom)
* Substantive form of 보다 (boda, “to see”): seeing

### References

* ↑ 박진호(朴鎭浩) [bakjinho] (2009 September 30) “'봄놀다'와 '붑괴다'에 대한 어원론적 형태 분석 [bomnolda wa bupgoeda e daehan eowollonjeok hyeongtae bunseok]”, in Hyeongtaeron (in Korean), volume 2, number 2, pages 209—214
* ↑ 김태경 [gimtaegyeong] (2014 December) “상고 중국어 음운현상에서 본 한국어 어원 [sanggo junggugeo eumunhyeonsang'eseo bon han'gugeo eowon]”, in Junggugeo Munhak Nonjip, volume 89, pages 71—90

## Middle Korean
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /póm/

### Noun

봄〮 (pwóm) (locative 보ᄆᆡ〮 (pwòm-óy))
* spring (season)

#### Descendants

* Korean: 봄 (bom)