# promulgate
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English promulgaten, from Latin prōmulgātus, past participle of prōmulgō (“I make known, publish”), either from provulgō (“I make known, publish”), from pro (“forth”) + vulgō (“I publish”), or from mulgeō (“I bring forth”, literally “I milk”). Compare promulge.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈpɹɒml̩.ɡeɪt/
* (US) IPA: /ˈpɹɑ.məl.ɡeɪt/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

promulgate (third-person singular simple present promulgates, present participle promulgating, simple past and past participle promulgated)
* (transitive) To make known or public.
    Synonyms: declare, proclaim, publish
    Antonym: withhold
** c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:’Tis yet to know, / Which when I know, that boaſting is an Honour, / I ſhall promulgate. I fetch by life and being, / From Men of Royall Seige.
** 1784 November 6, William Cowper, “Tirocinium: Or, A Review of Schools”, in Poems, page 303:Prieſts have invented, and the world admir’d / What knaviſh prieſts promulgate as inſpir’d ; / ’Till reaſon, now no longer overaw’d, / Reſumes her pow’rs, and ſpurns the clumſy fraud ; / And, common-ſenſe diffuſing real day, / The meteor of the goſpel dies away !
* (transitive) To put into effect as a regulation.
    Synonyms: carry out, execute, implement, put into effect
    Antonym: abrogate
** 1881 June 7, William Stubbs, “The Reign of Henry VIII”, in Seventeen Lectures on the Study of Medieval and Modern History and Kindred Subjects, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1887, page 293:[…] the Statute of Uses was delayed until 1536 and the Statute of Wills until 1540, but both statutes were promulgated in 1532, and formed part of a policy which we may compare, not favourably, with the of Edward I […]
* (transitive, nonstandard) To advocate on behalf of (something or someone, especially of an idea); to spread knowledge of and make more widely known.
    Synonyms: propagate, promote, disseminate

#### Synonyms

* (to make known or public): See also Thesaurus:announce

#### Derived terms

* promogulate
* promulgater
* promulgation
* promulgator
* promulgatory

#### Related terms

* promulge

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “promulgate”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

### Further reading

* “promulgate”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “promulgate”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “promulgate”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /promulˈɡate/

### Verb

promulgate
* adverbial present passive participle of promulgar

## Italian
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

promulgate
* inflection of promulgare:
** second-person plural present indicative
** second-person plural imperative

### Etymology 2
#### Participle

promulgate f pl
* feminine plural of promulgato

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /proː.mulˈɡaː.te/, [proːmʊɫ̪ˈɡäːt̪ɛ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /pro.mulˈɡa.te/, [promulˈɡäːt̪e]

### Verb

prōmulgāte
* second-person plural present active imperative of prōmulgō

## Spanish
### Verb

promulgate
* second-person singular voseo imperative of promulgar combined with te