# jelen
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech jelen, from Proto-Slavic *(j)elenь, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁el-en-i-, which is often being connected with *h₁el- (“yellow-brown”). Its Slavic cognates are Polish jeleń (“deer”) or Russian оле́нь (olénʹ, “deer”), other Indo-European cognates are Lithuanian élnis or álnis (“deer”), Old Irish elit (“roe deer”), Welsh elain (“hind”), Ancient Greek ἔλαφος (élaphos, “deer”) and Armenian եղն (eġn, “hind”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjɛlɛn]
* Rhymes: -lɛn, -ɛlɛn
* Hyphenation: je‧len

### Noun

jelen m anim (female equivalent laň, relational adjective jelení, diminutive jelínek)
* deer
* stag (male deer)

#### Derived terms

* jelenice
* jelenicový
* jelení
* jelenka
* jelínek

### References

* ↑ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “jelen”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 272

### Further reading

* “jelen”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “jelen”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “jelen”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjɛlɛn]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: je‧len
* Rhymes: -ɛn

### Etymology 1

Lexicalization of jel (“characteristic, distinguishing mark”) +‎ -en (adverb-forming suffix).

#### Adjective

jelen (not comparable)
* present
    jelen idő ― present tense

##### Derived terms

* jelenít → megjelenít
* jelenleg
* jelenség
* jelenlevő, jelenlévő
* jelenlét
* jelen idő
* jelen pillanatban

### Etymology 2

From the ellipsis of jelenkor (“the present time, our age”), from jelen (“present, current”) + kor (“age, period”).

#### Noun

jelen (usually uncountable, plural jelenek)
* present

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

jel +‎ -en

#### Noun

jelen
* superessive singular of jel

### References

* 1 2 jelen in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* jelen in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Old Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)elenь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈjɛlɛn/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈjɛlɛn/

### Noun

jelen m animal
* (mammals) deer

#### Descendants

* Czech: jelen

### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “jelen”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)elenь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jělen/
* Hyphenation: je‧len

### Noun

jèlen m (Cyrillic spelling јѐлен)
* male deer, buck, stag

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “jelen”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *(j)elenь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jɛ̀ːlɛn/

### Noun

jélen m anim
* deer (the animal)

#### Inflection
### Further reading

* “jelen”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
* “jelen”, in Termania, Amebis
* See also the general references