# hak
## Translingual
### Symbol

hak
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Hakka.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Hakka terms

## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* hakë
* ah — arbëresh

### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish حق (hak, “the right, justice; a right; due, share; remuneration”), from Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq, “truth”).

### Noun

hak f (plural hakë)
* revenge;
* earnings, reward;
* just deserts (deserved punishment);
* right, justice

#### Derived terms

* hakmarrje

### References

* ↑ Bufli, G., Rocchi, L. (2021) “hak”, in A historical-etymological dictionary of Turkisms in Albanian (1555–1954), Trieste: Edizioni Università di Trieste, page 183

### Further reading

* “hak”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎ (in Albanian), 1980

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦɑk/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: hak
* Rhymes: -ɑk

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch hacke, from Middle Low German hakke, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hak(k)-, perhaps related to *hakô. Cognate with German Hacke.

#### Noun

hak m (plural hakken, diminutive hakje n)
* heel of a shoe
* heel of a foot
    Synonym: hiel

##### Derived terms

* met de hakken over de sloot
* naaldhak
* op de hak nemen

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: hak
* → Caribbean Javanese: hag
* → Indonesian: hak (“heel of a shoe”)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch hac, from Proto-West Germanic *hakkōn.

#### Noun

hak m (plural hakken, diminutive hakje n)
* hoe (agricultural tool, gardening tool)

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

hak
* inflection of hakken:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aːk

### Verb

hak
* singular imperative of haken
* (colloquial) first-person singular present of haken

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse haki, from Proto-Germanic *hakô.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːk/
    Rhymes: -aːk

### Noun

hak n (genitive singular haks, nominative plural hök)
* a small hook or barb

#### Related terms

* haki

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [haʔ]

### Etymology 1

From Malay hak, from Classical Malay hak, from Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq, “truth”).

#### Noun

hak (plural hak-hak)
* right: that which complies with justice, law or reason; a legal, just or moral entitlement.
    Kita harus menghormati hak orang lain. ― We must respect the rights of other people.
* property, ownership, title, interest.
    Synonyms: kepunyaan, milik
* competence, competency.
    Synonyms: kewenangan, kekuasaan, wewenang
* degree, status.
    Synonyms: derajat, martabat
* duty, obligation.
* truth.

#### Adjective

hak
* right, truly.
    Synonym: benar

#### Derived terms

* berhak
* menghaki
* menghakkan
* hak adiraja
* hak amendemen
* hak anak
* hak angket
* hak asasi
* hak asasi manusia
* hak bersama
* hak bertanya
* hak bezit
* hak cipta
* hak dasar
* hak dipilih
* hak eksteritorial
* hak ekstrateritorial
* hak gadai
* hak guna
* hak guna air
* hak guna bangunan
* hak guna ruang angkasa
* hak guna usaha
* hak hipotek
* hak imunitas
* hak ingkar
* hak inisiatif
* hak interpelasi
* hak jawab
* hak jual
* hak kebendaan
* hak kekayaan intelektual
* hak kepribadian
* hak keterwakilan
* hak konstitusional
* hak koreksi
* hak kuasa ibu
* hak legasi
* hak lisensi
* hak memilih
* hak menumpang karang
* hak milik
* hak milik mutlak
* hak modal
* hak opstal
* hak pakai
* hak paten
* hak penerbitan
* hak pengarang
* hak pengusahaan hutan
* hak pertuanan
* hak peserta
* hak pilih
* hak pilih aktif
* hak pilih pasif
* hak preferensi
* hak prerogatif
* hak pribadi
* hak purba
* hak rantau
* hak siar
* hak suara
* hak substantif
* hak tanggungan
* hak temurun
* hak terbit
* hak tolak
* hak uji
* hak ulayat
* hak usaha
* hak veto
* hak wilayat

### Etymology 2

From Dutch hak (“heel of a shoe”), from Middle Dutch hacke, from Middle Low German hakke, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hak(k)-.

#### Noun

hak (plural hak-hak)
* heel: the part of a shoe's sole which supports the foot's heel.

### Etymology 3

From Dutch haak (“hook”), from Middle Dutch hāke, from Old Dutch *hako, from Proto-Germanic *hakô.

#### Noun

hak (plural hak-hak)
* buttonhook
** (sewing) A hook used to pull thread through the holes of a button
** A hook for pulling the buttons of gloves and shoes through the buttonholes.
* (surgery, colloquial) retractor: a surgical instrument used to hold apart the edges of an incision or wound.
    Synonym: retraktor

### Further reading

* “hak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq, “truth”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [haʔ]

### Noun

hak (Jawi spelling حق, plural hak-hak, informal 1st possessive hakku, 2nd possessive hakmu, 3rd possessive haknya)
* right: that which complies with justice, law or reason; a legal, just or moral entitlement.
* property, ownership, title, interest
    Synonyms: kepunyaan, milik
* duty, obligation
* truth

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* berhak [stative / habitual] (beR-)

### Adjective

hak (Jawi spelling حق)
* right, truly
    Synonym: benar

### Further reading

* “hak” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Probably derived from Old Norse [Term?], compare Old Icelandic hākr (“in personal names”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haːk/

#### Adjective

hak
* (Late Middle English, hapax) unsparing; ruthless, rough

##### References

* “hāk, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2

Probably shortened form of hakeneie (“hackney horse”).

#### Noun

hak (plural hakkes)
* (hapax) A riding horse.

##### References

* “hak, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

hak
* Alternative form of hacche

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

hak
* Alternative form of hakke

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* hok (Przemyśl)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German hāke, hāken, from Old High German hako.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxak/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ak
* Syllabification: hak
* Homophone: Hak

### Noun

hak m inan (diminutive haczyk, related adjective hakowy)
* hook (rod bent into a curved shape, typically with one end free and the other end secured to a rope or other attachment)
* (boxing) hook (type of punch delivered with the arm rigid and partially bent and the fist travelling nearly horizontally mesially along an arc)
* upper fang of a bull deer
* antlers of a chamois

#### Declension
### Noun

hak m inan
* (colloquial, figurative) dirt, kompromat (compromising material, blackmail material, (real or fabricated) evidence that a person does not want revealed)

#### Derived terms

* hakowaty
* hakownica
* z hakiem
* mieć haka impf

#### Related terms

* hakowniczy
* hakowato

### Further reading

* hak in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* hak in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Swedish
### Etymology

Related to hake (“hook, something sharp”).

### Noun

hak n
* (colloquial) a simple or lowly place where food is served; a joint

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | hak | haks |
| singular | definite | haket | hakets |
| plural | indefinite | hak | haks |
| plural | definite | haken | hakens |

#### Derived terms

* danshak
* sunkhak (“dive bar, shabby joint”)

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish حق (hakk), from Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq, “truth”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hak/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

hak (definite accusative hakkı, plural haklar or (dated) hukuk)
* justice, fairness
    Synonyms: adalet, hakkaniyet, türe
* right, liberty
    Synonyms: özgürlük, hürriyet
    Kadın hakları. ― Women's rights.
* legal entitlement, claim, privilege, title, authority
    maden hakları ― mining rights
    Mary, Elizabeth'in taht iddiasının geçersiz olduğuna inanıyordu. ― Mary believed that Elizabeth's claim to the throne was invalid.
* truth, righteousness, verity, truthfulness
    Maat, Antik Mısır'ın hak ve adalet tanrıçası. ― Maat, the Ancient Egyptian goddess of truth and justice.
* share, fee or due in return for labor

#### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
hak
haklar
definite accusative
hakkı
hakları
dative
hakka
haklara
locative
hakta
haklarda
ablative
haktan
haklardan
genitive
hakkın
hakların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
hakkım
haklarım
2nd singular
hakkın
hakların
3rd singular
hakkı
hakları
1st plural
hakkımız
haklarımız
2nd plural
hakkınız
haklarınız
3rd plural
hakları
hakları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
hakkımı
haklarımı
2nd singular
hakkını
haklarını
3rd singular
hakkını
haklarını
1st plural
hakkımızı
haklarımızı
2nd plural
hakkınızı
haklarınızı
3rd plural
haklarını
haklarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
hakkıma
haklarıma
2nd singular
hakkına
haklarına
3rd singular
hakkına
haklarına
1st plural
hakkımıza
haklarımıza
2nd plural
hakkınıza
haklarınıza
3rd plural
haklarına
haklarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
hakkımda
haklarımda
2nd singular
hakkında
haklarında
3rd singular
hakkında
haklarında
1st plural
hakkımızda
haklarımızda
2nd plural
hakkınızda
haklarınızda
3rd plural
haklarında
haklarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
hakkımdan
haklarımdan
2nd singular
hakkından
haklarından
3rd singular
hakkından
haklarından
1st plural
hakkımızdan
haklarımızdan
2nd plural
hakkınızdan
haklarınızdan
3rd plural
haklarından
haklarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
hakkımın
haklarımın
2nd singular
hakkının
haklarının
3rd singular
hakkının
haklarının
1st plural
hakkımızın
haklarımızın
2nd plural
hakkınızın
haklarınızın
3rd plural
haklarının
haklarının :

#### Derived terms

* hak etmek
* hak ihlali
* hak kazanmak
* hak kısıtlaması
* hak sahibi
* hak tanımak
* hak vermek
* hak yemek
* hak yolu
* hakkı geçmek
* hakkıhıyar
* hakkında
* hakkından gelmek
* hakkını aramak
* hakkısükût
* haklı
* haklılık
* haksız
* haksızlık
* haktanır

### Further reading

* “hak”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

## Turkmen
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَقّ (ḥaqq).

### Noun

hak (definite accusative haky, plural haklar)
* truth
* wage

#### Derived terms

* hakynda

### Further reading

* “hak” in Enedilim.com
* “hak” in Webonary.org

## Zazaki
### Alternative forms

* hage

### Etymology

Related to Ossetian айк (ajk), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hāwyám.

### Noun

hak
* egg

## Zhuang
### Etymology

From Chinese 客 (MC khaek). Doublet of hek.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /haːk˧˥/
* Tone numbers: hak$^7$
* Hyphenation: hak

### Noun

hak (Sawndip forms 𮮛 or 𰍛 or 郝 or 赫 or 𬾼 or ⿰官斈 or 斈 or ⿰亻巷, 1957–1982 spelling hak)
* government official

#### Derived terms

* hakdoj