# 家下
## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): jiāxià
       (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җящя (ži͡axi͡a, I-III)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa$^1$ haa$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiāxià → jiāxia (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚ ㄒㄧㄚˋ → ㄐㄧㄚ ˙ㄒㄧㄚ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiasiå
*** Wade–Giles: chia$^1$-hsia$^5$
*** Yale: jyā-sya
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jia.shiah
*** Palladius: цзяся (czjasja)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/ → /t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä²/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җящя (ži͡axi͡a, I-III)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕia²⁴ ɕia⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaa$^1$ haa$^6$
*** Yale: gā hah
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaa$^1$ haa$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ga$^1$ ha$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaː⁵⁵ haː²²/

#### Adverb

家下
* at home; in the family

##### Derived terms

* 家下人

#### Noun

家下
* (Xuzhou Mandarin, Yangjiang Yue) wife

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 妻, 妻兒, 內人, 內子, 夫人, 娘子 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 妻子, 夫人, 太太, 妻室, 妻房, 拙荊 humble |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 女人, 媳婦兒, 老婆子, 屋兒裡的, 屋兒裡人, 家項兒 dated |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 太太, 老婆, 牽手 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 媳婦兒, 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 媳婦兒, 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 媳婦兒, 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 老婆, 媳婦兒, 屋裡的, 屋裡人兒, 老娘們兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 老婆, 家裡的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 老婆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 老婆, 太太 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 老婆, 屋裡的, 家裡的, 娘們兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Weicheng) | 老婆, 家裡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Fangzi) | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Changle | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shouguang | 老婆, 女人 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Wulian | 老婆, 辦飯的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 老婆, 媳婦, 女的, 家裡, 家裡的 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡兒的 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 老婆子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Weifang (Hanting) | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Changyi | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Gaomi | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 媳子, 老婆 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Anqiu | 老婆, 媳婦, 家裡 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Linqu | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingzhou | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 女人, 媳婦兒, 屋裡的, 家裡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 媳婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 女人, 媳婦兒, 老婆, 婆娘, 屋裡人, 屋裡家 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 媳婦, 婆娘, 家裡的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 女的, 家下, 家來的, 家裡人, 媳婦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 老婆, 婆姨, 婆娘, 妻人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 老婆, 婆姨, 女人, 妻人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 婆姨, 媳婦, 女人 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 老婆, 屋裡的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 女人, 媳婦, 屋裡的, 家裡的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 女人, 媳婦兒, 央格子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 女的, 女人, 老娘兒, 婆娘 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 女的, 女將, 屋裡 dated, 屋裡的 dated, 屋裡人 dated, 家務 dated, 堂客 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 女的, 女人, 婆娘, 屋頭人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 婆娘, 老婆, 媳婦, 女人, 家首 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 老婆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 老婆, 婆娘 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Sanjiang (Danzhou) | 老婆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 女的, 女人, 老婆, 媽媽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 老婆, 媽媽, 堂客, 女眷 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 女人, 女將 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 堂客, 女將, 奶奶, 老婆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 老婆, 奶奶們 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 屋裡人, 屋裡, 堂客 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 老婆, 女人, 煮飯婆, 堂客 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 老婆, 煮飯婆, 太太 non-face-to-face |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 老婆, 太太 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 老婆, 家下, 夫娘 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 老婆, 燒火婆 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 老婆, 婦娘 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Dongxing | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 老婆 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 老婆, 太太 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 老婆 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 老婆, 女客 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 老婆, 女客 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 婆娘, 老婆 |
| Gan | Jianning | 老婆 |
| Gan | Taining | 阿娘 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 老婆, 婦人家 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Nanxiong (Zhuji) | 婦娘, 堂客 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 婆乸 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Pinghe (Jiufeng) | 媽娘 |
| Hakka | Changting | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 老婆, 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 老婆, 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 老婆, 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 婦娘, 老姐 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 姐仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 婦娘, 老姐 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 婦娘, 老姐 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 婦娘, 老姐 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 婦娘 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 老婆 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 老婆, 番婆 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 老嫗 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 老婆, 堂客 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 婦兒家 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 老婆, 婦人個 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 老婆 |
| Huizhou | Jingde | 屋裡 |
| Huizhou | Shitai (Xianyu) | 老婆 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 老婆, 家裡的, 女人, 婆姨 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 老婆, 媳婦, 婆姨 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 女人, 老婆, 婆姨 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 老婆 |
| Jin | Linhe | 老婆, 女人 |
| Jin | Jining | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 女人 |
| Jin | Baotou | 老婆, 媳婦 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 老婆 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 老婆 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 老媽 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 老媽, 諸娘儂, 厝裡, 𡚸, 老小 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 老媽, 厝裡 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 老媽, 厝裡 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 老媽, 𡚸, 厝裡 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 老媽 |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 某, 牽手, 牽手的, 查某儂, 厝內, 厝內儂, 家內, 家內儂, 家後, 內人, 內助, 婦人儂, 柴耙, 老柴杮, 老柴㷮 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 某 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 某, 牽手, 牽手的, 查某儂, 厝內, 家內, 家內儂, 家後, 內人, 內助, 婦人儂 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 某, 厝內儂 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 某 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 某 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 某 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 某 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 某 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 某, 牽手, 牽手的, 查某儂, 厝內, 厝內儂, 家內, 家內儂, 家後, 內人, 內助, 婦人儂, 內頭, 㾀菜籃, 煮飯婆, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 某 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 某 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 某 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 某 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 某 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 某 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 太太, 某, 牽手 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 太太, 阮厝的查某儂, 阿貼的, 後柴耙, 某 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 太太, 某, 查某儂, 柴耙, 牽手, 牽的, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 太太, 某, 查某儂, 家後, 柴耙, 牽手, 牽的, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 某, 查某人, 柴耙, 牽手, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 某, 家後, 牽手 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 某 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 太太, 某, 查某儂, 柴耙, 牽手, 牽的, 煮飯的 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 某 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 某, 家後, 查某儂, 煮飯的, 柴耙 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 某, 家內, 太的 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 某, 牽手, 查某儂, 姿娘, 夫人, 家內, 柴耙 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 某, 查某儂, 家後 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 某, 厝內, 厝內儂 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 某, 牽手, 牽手的 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 老婆 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 查某儂, 某 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 查某, 老媽 non-face-to-face |
| Southern Min | Datian | 老媽 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 𡚸, 老婆 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 老, 老婆, 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Lufeng | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 𡚸, 㜁𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 𡚸 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 𡚸, 老婆 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 老婆, 婆 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 老婆 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 老婆, 妰娝 dated |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 老婆 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 老媽, 姆, 嬸娘 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 老媽, 姆 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 老媽 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 老媽, 嬸娘, 姆 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 老媽, 老婆 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 老媽, 老婆 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 老媽 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 俺娘 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 俺娘 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 阿娘 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 媽娘 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 媽娘 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 老婆 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 阿娘 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 老婆 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 老婆 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 老婆, 女人 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 老婆 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Sanjie) | 女人 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 老婆, 太太, 妻子, 夫人, 內人, 女人, 家主婆, 屋裡個, 屋裡 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 女個, 屋裡, 女客, 女人 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 女人, 家小, 家主婆, 家婆, 屋裡, 老婆 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 老婆, 女人, 家主婆, 屋裡人 |
| Wu | Danyang | 女個, 老媽, 家裡 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 老婆, 老娘, 女人, 女的, 屋裡, 屋裡廂 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 老媽 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 老婆, 老𡢿, 女人, 屋裡人 dated |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 老安, 老安人, 老人兒, 老人客, 老人, 屋裡 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 老婆, 窩裡 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 老媽 |
| Wu | Pucheng | 老婆 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 堂客, 內當家, 婆婆子 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 堂客 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 堂客, 婆娘, 老婆, 屋裡個, 他㑲娘 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 堂客, 老婆 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 堂客, 老婆 non-face-to-face |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 老婆 |

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From 今下?”)

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa$^1$ haa$^5$ / gaa$^1$ haa$^{5-2}$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaa$^1$ haa$^5$ / gaa$^1$ haa$^{5-2}$
*** Yale: gā háh / gā há
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaa$^1$ haa$^5$ / gaa$^1$ haa$^{5-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ga$^1$ ha$^5$ / ga$^1$ ha$^{5-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaː⁵⁵ haː¹³/, /kaː⁵⁵ haː¹³⁻³⁵/

#### Noun

家下
* (Cantonese) now; nowadays

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 當今, 此時, 方今, 今朝, 如今, 而今, 今$_1$, 茲, 乃今, 於今 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 現在, 現今, 現時, 當今, 此時, 此刻, 如今, 而今, 茲 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 現在, 現而今, 如今晚兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 現在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 現在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 現在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 現在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 現在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 現在, 現如今, 現下, 現前兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 現在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 現在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 現在 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 現如今, 當下 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 現在, 如今, 現如今 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 這時晚兒, 現時晚兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 現在, 而今, 現如今 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 人根, 移根 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 致兒, 現在 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 眼今, 眼是, 腳底下, 現如今, 現而今 dated, 至而今 dated |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 現在 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 現在 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 賈 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 眼下, 現在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 這陣子, 這陣, 這下兒, 這個時候, 現在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 如今, 此如今 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 這下, 這崗, 掌, 這歇, 這個時候 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 現在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 現在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 一寁 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 現在 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 現在 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 而今, 如今 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 而家, 家下, 家陣 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 而家, 家下, 家陣, 而家下 dated |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 那下 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 而家 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 而家 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 該時 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 家下, 那下 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 果陣 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 個陣 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 而家, 而卡 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 家陣, 而家 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 而家 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 而家 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 現在, 如今 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 該行崽 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 該仔, 如今 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 今下, 今仔下, 現下 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 如下 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Tangkeng) | 今$_1$ |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Fengliang) | 今時 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Pantian) | 今子 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 今下 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 如今 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 如今 |
| Hakka | Changting | 如今 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 今下 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 今$_1$ |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 已久 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 今子 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 如今 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 如今, 今下子 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 今底 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 如今 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 這下, 現下, 今下, 今時, 今這下 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 這下, 現下, 今嘎, 今這下 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 這下, 現下, 今這下 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 這下, 現下, 今這下, 這滿 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 這下, 現下, 今這下, 今下, 今時 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 這下, 現時, 今這下, 這滿 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 今下 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Bao'an) | 今下, 今下子, 今下仔 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 今下 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 今下 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 呢下 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 爾歇 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 爾扎兒 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 如今, 而今 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 現時 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 現在 |
| Jin | Linhe | 這咱會兒 |
| Jin | Jining | 這會兒 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 這會兒 |
| Jin | Baotou | 這會兒 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 這會兒 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 如今 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 迦今, 今迦, 現刻 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 迦 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 迦 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 今下 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 迦, 今下 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 現時, 現刻, 現在, 現今, 仱, 今旦日 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 現時 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 現在, 仱 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 足古 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 這陣, 這滿, 這輒仔, 這輒, 這站仔, 這站, 這幫, 現主時, 現時, 今$_2$, 這氣 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 這陣, 這站仔, 這站, 這幫, 現主時, 現時, 現當今, 今$_2$, 際, 這氣 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 這陣, 這久, 現時, 當今 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 這陣, 這輒仔, 這輒, 這站仔, 這站, 這幫, 現主時, 現時, 現主在, 現在, 現曾, 今$_2$, 這氣 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 現主清 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 這陣, 這馬, 現在 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 這馬 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 這馬 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 今$_2$, 這時, 這陣, 這馬 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 今$_2$, 這陣, 這馬 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 這陣, 這馬, 這路尾 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 這馬, 這陣 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 這馬 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 今$_2$, 這時, 這陣, 這馬, 這站, 現主時, 現這馬, 現步 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 這馬 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 這陣, 這馬 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 這陣 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 這陣, 今$_2$, 這馬 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 今仔, 當今 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 這陣, 這時, 當今, 這久, 這馬 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 這陣, 現時, 現在, 現主時, 這際, 這時 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 此在, 現在, 現時, 只陣 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 現在, 現時, 只陣, 只回, 此在, 眼在 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 此在, 只陣 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 此在, 只時, 只回, 只陣 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 現在 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 只陣, 當今 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 只旦 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 現旦 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 現旦 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 現旦 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 現旦 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 今$_2$, 即下, 現時 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 今$_2$, 現時 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 即下, 現時 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 今$_2$, 即下, 現時 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 今$_2$, 即下, 現時 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 今$_2$, 現時 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 今$_2$, 即下, 現時 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 而今 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 現在, 乃, 葛歇, 搿歇, 搿個辰光, 迭歇, 迭個辰光 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 那末 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 現在, 姑歇, 哀歇, 該歇 |
| Wu | Danyang | 格歇候, 格娘收, 現在 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 記歇 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 恁界, 恁仰界 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 格孑 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 如今, 如至今, 如嶄, 現在 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 咯如在 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 而界, 如今 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 侯基 |