# 施

| 施 | U+65BD, &#26045; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65BD |
| ← 於 [U+65BC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 斾 → [U+65BE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

施 (Kangxi radical 70, 方+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜尸人心木 (YSOPD), four-corner 0821$_2$, composition ⿸𭤨也)

#### Derived characters

* 暆, 鍦, 崺, 葹, 箷

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 482, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13629
* Dae Jaweon: page 843, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2176, character 6
* Unihan data for U+65BD

## Chinese

* 施 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 施氏 (Cantonese)
* Si (sèⁿ) (Southern Min)

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 他 | *l̥ʰaːl |
| 拖 | *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːls |
| 駞 | *l'aːl |
| 池 | *l'aːl, *l'al |
| 灺 | *ljalʔ |
| 鍦 | *ɦljaːl, *hljal, *hljals |
| 虵 | *ɦljal, *laːlʔ, *lal |
| 也 | *laːlʔ |
| 忚 | *hleːl |
| 髢 | *l'eːls |
| 杝 | *l̥ʰalʔ, *l'alʔ, *lal |
| 肔 | *l̥ʰalʔ, *lalʔ |
| 馳 | *l'al |
| 阤 | *l'alʔ, *hljalʔ |
| 施 | *hljal, *hljals |
| 絁 | *hljal |
| 葹 | *hljal |
| 弛 | *hljalʔ |
| 箷 | *lal |
| 衪 | *lel, *lalʔ |
| 暆 | *lel |
| 迆 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 酏 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 匜 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 迤 | *lalʔ |
| 扡 | *lalʔ |
| 崺 | *lalʔ |
| 貤 | *lals, *ɦljels, *lels |
| 地 | *l'els |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljal, *hljals): semantic 㫃 + phonetic 也 (OC *laːlʔ).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shī (shi$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄕ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): si$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): si$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̂
    (Hailu, HRS): shi$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): si$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): sr$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): sí
* Eastern Min (BUC): siĕ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): si / soa
    (Teochew, Peng'im): si$^1$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): xi$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$sy
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shr$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shī
*** Zhuyin: ㄕ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shih
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^1$
*** Yale: shr̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shy
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: si$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: si$^1$
*** Yale: sī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: si$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siː⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: si$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̂
*** Hakka Romanization System: sii$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: si$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨ²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shi$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃi⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: si$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: sr$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /sz̩¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sí
*** Sinological IPA : /si⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siĕ
*** Sinological IPA : /sie⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si
*** Tâi-lô: si
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sy
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /si⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /si³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soa
*** Tâi-lô: sua
*** Phofsit Daibuun: soaf
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sua⁴⁴/
* si - literary (incl. surname);
* soa - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit施 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/ 设～ /ʂʐ̩²⁴/ ～工 |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /sz̩²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /sz̩²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /sz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʂʐ̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʂʐ̩³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /sz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /sz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /sz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /sz̩⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʂʐ̩³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʂʐ̩²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /sz̩¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /sz̩¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /sz̩³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /sz̩⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /sz̩ʷ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /sz̩³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /sz̩³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /sz̩³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /sz̩¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʂʐ̩³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʂʐ̩³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sz̩⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sz̩⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /sï²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /si⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /si⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /si⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /si⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /sie⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /si⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /si³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ti²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: sye
Rime :
| Character | 施 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 式支切 |
| Baxter | sye |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕiə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕie/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕǐe/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥aj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljal/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 施 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sye › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥aj/ |
| English | give, bestow |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 施 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 14783 |
| Phonetic component | 也 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 䌳 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljal/ |

#### Definitions

施
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, ideophonic) flag fluttering; flag waving
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) flag ornament
* to give; to render
* to spread (something)
* to set up; to put in place; to establish
* to use; to utilise
* to put into force; to implement
* to apply; to add
* to teach; to instruct
* to convict; to judge
* to display a corpse
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to reproduce
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Meaningless particle.
* a surname, Shi
    施耐庵 ― Shī Nài'ān ― Shi Nai'an (traditionally ascribed author of Water Margin)
    From: 1905, 李寶嘉 (Li Baojia), 文明小史 (Wenming Xiaoshi), 第五十七回 (Chapter 57)
    Zhìyú nà jǐ ge chāiquē, shì yǒu zhuānmén zhǔgù de. Qízhōng yǒu ge xìng Shī de, jiào zuò Shī Fèngguāng, běn shì yǒu jiā, jiālǐ kāi zhe hǎo jǐ ge dàngpù. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Synonyms

* (to give):
* 乞丐 (qǐgài) (archaic)
* 供應 / 供应 (gōngyìng)
* 供給 / 供给 (gōngjǐ)
* 授 (shòu)
* 提供
* 施予 (shīyǔ) (literary)
* 施以 (shīyǐ)
* 施加 (shījiā)
* 施與 / 施与 (shīyǔ) (literary)
* 給予 / 给予
* 賦予 / 赋予 (fùyǔ)
* 配給 / 配给 (pèijǐ)
* (to implement):
* 來到 / 来到 (láidào)
* 執行 / 执行 (zhíxíng)
* 奉行 (fèngxíng)
* 實施 / 实施 (shíshī)
* 實現 / 实现 (shíxiàn)
* 實行 / 实行 (shíxíng)
* 實踐 / 实践 (shíjiàn)
* 履行 (lǚxíng)
* 採取 / 采取 (cǎiqǔ)
* 推行 (tuīxíng)
* 操作 (cāozuò)
* 啟動 / 启动 (qǐdòng)
* 施行 (shīxíng)
* 施設 / 施设 (shīshè) (literary)
* 服行 (fúxíng) (literary)
* 落地 (figurative)
* 落實 / 落实 (luòshí)
* 貫徹 / 贯彻 (guànchè)
* 踐行 / 践行 (jiànxíng) (literary)
* (to add):
* 加 (jiā)
* 加上 (jiāshàng)
* 加多 (jiāduō)
* 加大 (jiādà)
* 加添 (jiātiān)
* 增 (zēng)
* 增加 (zēngjiā)
* 增多 (zēngduō)
* 增添 (zēngtiān)
* 增益 (zēngyì)
* 增長 / 增长 (zēngzhǎng)
* 廣益 / 广益 (guǎngyì) (literary)
* 添加 (tiānjiā)
* 補 / 补 (bǔ)
* 附益 (fùyì) (literary)

#### Descendants

* (Hokkien) Tagalog: Sy, See, Sze, Siy

#### Compounds

* 不施脂粉
* 付諸實施 / 付诸实施
* 佈施 / 布施 (bùshī)
* 便宜施行
* 倒行逆施 (dàoxíngnìshī)
* 傅粉施朱
* 先施
* 公共設施 / 公共设施
* 剿撫兼施
* 勦撫兼施 / 剿抚兼施
* 博施濟眾 / 博施济众
* 唐突西施
* 噴施 / 喷施
* 因應措施 / 因应措施
* 因材施教 (yīncáishījiào)
* 報施 / 报施
* 好善樂施 / 好善乐施
* 好施小惠
* 好施樂善 / 好施乐善
* 威德兼施
* 守約施博 / 守约施博
* 富而好施
* 實施 / 实施 (shíshī)
* 布德施仁
* 布德施惠
* 布施 (bùshī)
* 床上施床 (chuángshàngshīchuáng)
* 恩施 (ēnshī)
* 恩施土家族苗族自治州 (Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu)
* 惠施
* 惠施五車 / 惠施五车
* 戚施 (qīshī)
* 抹粉施脂
* 措施 (cuòshī)
* 撒施
* 故技重施 (gùjìchóngshī)
* 散施 (sànshī)
* 敷施
* 施不望報 / 施不望报
* 施丹傅粉
* 施主 (shīzhǔ)
* 施予 (shīyǔ)
* 施仁布德
* 施仁布恩
* 施仁布澤 / 施仁布泽
* 施令
* 施公案
* 施加 (shījiā)
* 施助
* 施勞 / 施劳
* 施壓 / 施压 (shīyā)
* 施威
* 施家灣 / 施家湾 (Shījiāwān)
* 施展 (shīzhǎn)
* 施工 (shīgōng)
* 施恩 (shī'ēn)
* 施恩布德
* 施惠 (shīhuì)
* 施捨 / 施舍 (shīshě)
* 施政 (shīzhèng)
* 施放 (shīfàng)
* 施教 (shījiào)
* 施暴 (shībào)
* 施朱傅粉
* 施樓 / 施楼 (Shīlóu)
* 施為 / 施为
* 施用 (shīyòng)
* 施禮 / 施礼 (shīlǐ)
* 施而不費 / 施而不费
* 施肥 (shīféi)
* 施與 / 施与 (shīyǔ)
* 施舍
* 施虐 (shīnüè)
* 施行 (shīxíng)
* 施衿結褵 / 施衿结褵
* 施診 / 施诊 (shīzhěn)
* 施謀用智 / 施谋用智
* 施謀用計 / 施谋用计
* 施謀設計 / 施谋设计
* 施逞
* 施醫 / 施医 (shīyī)
* 施釉
* 施食 (shīshí)
* 施齋 / 施斋
* 東施效顰 / 东施效颦 (dōngshīxiàopín)
* 條施 / 条施
* 樂善好施 / 乐善好施 (lèshànhàoshī)
* 樂施 / 乐施
* 檀施 (tánshī)
* 毛施淑姿
* 法外施仁
* 法外施恩
* 法施 (fǎshī)
* 無技可施 / 无技可施
* 無法可施 / 无法可施
* 無計可施 / 无计可施 (wújìkěshī)
* 環施 / 环施
* 略施小技
* 略施小計 / 略施小计
* 略施薄懲 / 略施薄惩
* 病西施 (bìng Xīshī)
* 發政施仁 / 发政施仁
* 發號施令 / 发号施令 (fāhàoshīlìng)
* 神施鬼設 / 神施鬼设
* 祭東施娘 / 祭东施娘
* 穴施
* 籧篨戚施
* 聊施小計 / 聊施小计
* 脣若施脂 / 唇若施脂
* 葉面施肥 / 叶面施肥
* 蒲鞭不施
* 西施 (xīshī)
* 西施捧心
* 西施舌 (Xīshī shé)
* 西施顰眉 / 西施颦眉
* 計無所施 / 计无所施
* 設施 / 设施 (shèshī)
* 豆腐西施
* 軍事設施 / 军事设施
* 軟硬兼施 / 软硬兼施 (ruǎn-yìng jiānshī)
* 輕財好施 / 轻财好施
* 辟歷施鞭
* 逆行倒施
* 遣施
* 難施面目 / 难施面目
* 雨施
* 雲行雨施 / 云行雨施
* 首施 (shǒushī)
* 首施兩端 / 首施两端 (shǒushīliǎngduān)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sī (si$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): si$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sié
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sì
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sī
*** Zhuyin: ㄙ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sih
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^1$
*** Yale: sz̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sy
*** Palladius: сы (sy)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: si$^3$
*** Yale: si
*** Cantonese Pinyin: si$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /siː³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sié
*** Sinological IPA : /siɛ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì
*** Tâi-lô: sì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: six
*** IPA (Taipei): /si¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /si²¹/
* Middle Chinese: syeH
Rime :
| Character | 施 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 施智切 |
| Baxter | syeH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiᴇ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɛ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjɛ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕiə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕie$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕǐe$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕie̯$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljals/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 施 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 14789 |
| Phonetic component | 也 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 翅 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljals/ |

#### Definitions

施
* kindness; favour
* to disperse; to become spread
* to grant; to bestow; to give

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yì (yi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ji$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ê
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yì
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yì
*** Wade–Giles: i$^4$
*** Yale: yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^6$
*** Yale: yih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː²²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ê
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛi²⁴²/

#### Definitions

施
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to extend to; to reach
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 移 (yí, “to change”)

### Pronunciation 4

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shǐ (shi$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˇ
* Eastern Min (BUC): chiē
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shǐh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^3$
*** Yale: shř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyy
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chiē
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰie³³/

#### Definitions

施
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 弛 (“to cast away; to relieve”)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 侈 (chǐ, “to boast”)

### Pronunciation 5

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yí (yi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yí
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yí
*** Wade–Giles: i$^2$
*** Yale: yí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i³⁵/

#### Definitions

施
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 邪 (“awry”)
* (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Used in 施施 (yíyí, “walking in a crooked way”).

### References

* “施”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* give
* bestow
* perform
* alms

#### Readings

* Go-on: い (i)、せ (se, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: い (i)、し (shi, Jōyō)
* Kun: ほどこす (hodokosu, 施す, Jōyō)、しく (shiku, 施く)

## Korean
### Etymology 1
#### Hanja

施 (eumhun 베풀 시 (bepul si))
* to give (to help, to benefit)
* conduct

### Etymology 2
#### Hanja

施 (eumhun 옮길 이 (omgil i))
* widespread; breed
* reveal
* boast; exaggerate

## Vietnamese
### Han character

施: Hán Nôm readings: thí
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.