# Sirius
## English
### Etymology

From Latin Sīrius, from Ancient Greek Σείριος (Seírios), usually taken from σείριος (seírios, “scorching; scorcher”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ˈsɪɹi.əs/
* Rhymes: -ɪɹiəs
* Homophones: cereous (mirror–nearer merger), serious (mirror–nearer merger)

### Proper noun

Sirius
* (astronomy) A telescopic binary star, visually the brightest star in the night sky, a part of the northern constellation of Canis Major (the Greater Dog), one of three stars in the Winter Triangle asterism. Long understood as a single extremely luminous white star, it was associated in ancient Egypt with the Nile flood and in Greek and Roman culture with the "dog days" of summer.
* (astronomy, specifically) The brightest star of the aforementioned star system; the white main-sequence star Sirius A.

#### Synonyms

* Alpha Canis Majoris (Bayer latinized form)
* Blazing Star (uncommon)
* Canicula (Roman contexts)
* Shira (Islamic contexts)
* Sopdet
* Sothis (Egyptian contexts)
* the Dog Star (informal)
* α (alpha) Canis Majoris (Bayer designation)
* α CMa (Bayer abbreviated form)
* α Canis Majoris A (designation)

#### Hyponyms

* the Pup (informal)

#### Holonyms

* Canis Major, Winter Triangle

#### Translations

Afrikaans: Sirius
Arabic: اَلشِّعْرَى f (aš-šiʕrā), الشِّعْرَى الْيَمَانِيَّة f (aš-šiʕrā l-yamāniyya)
Armenian: Սիրիուս (hy) (Sirius)
Avestan: 𐬙𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (tištriia)
Bengali: লুব্ধক (bn) (lubdhok)
Catalan: Sírius m, estel del Ca m
Chinese:
Cantonese: 天狼星 (tin$^1$ long$^4$ sing$^1$)
Mandarin: 天狼星 (zh) (Tiānlángxīng)
Czech: Sirius
Danish: Hundestjernen
Dutch: Sirius (nl)
Egyptian: (spdt f)
Esperanto: Siriuso
Estonian: Siirius
Finnish: Sirius
French: Sirius (fr) m
Georgian: სირიუსი (siriusi)
German: Sirius (de) m
Greek: Σείριος (el) (Seírios)
Ancient: Σείριος m (Seírios)
Hebrew: אַבְרֵק (avréq)
Hindi: व्याध तारा (vyādh tārā)
Indonesian: Sirius
Irish: Réalta an Mhadra f
Italian: Sirio
Japanese: 天狼星 (てんろうせい, Tenrōsei), シリウス (ja) (Shiriusu)
Kazakh: Сүмбіле (Sümbıle)
Khmer: ផ្កាយព្រឹក (km) (pkaay prɨk)
Korean: 천랑성(天狼星) (ko) (Cheollangseong), 시리우스 (siriuseu)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: گەلاوێژ (ckb) (gelawêj)
Northern Kurdish: Gelavêj (ku)
Southern Kurdish: گەلاوێژ (ku) (gelawêj)
Kyrgyz: Сүмбүлө (Sümbülö)
Latin: Canicula f, Sīrius (la) m
Latvian: Sīriuss
Lithuanian: Sirijus
Malay: Bintang Anjing, Sirius
Maori: Takurua
Middle Persian: 𐭲𐭩𐭱𐭲𐭫 (tyštl /⁠tištar⁠/), 𐭲𐭩𐭫 (tyl /⁠tīr⁠/)
Navajo: sǫʼtsoh
Norman: Cannitchule f (Norman)
Norwegian: Hundestjernen
Old English: hār steorra m
Old Norse: Lokabrenna f, Hundstjarna f
Persian: تیشتر (fa) (tištar), تیر (fa) (tir), شباهنگ (fa) (šabâhang)
Polish: Syriusz (pl) m
Portuguese: Sírio f
Romanian: Sirius
Russian: Си́риус (ru) m (Sírius)
Scottish Gaelic: Ruaill Mhòr f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: Сиријус
Roman: Sirius
Spanish: Sirio (es) m
Swedish: Sirius (sv) c, Hundstjärnan
Thai: ดาวซิริอุส
Turkish: Sirius
Ukrainian: Сіріус (Sirius)
Vietnamese: Thiên Lang, Sirius
Welsh: Siriws m, Seren y Ci f :

#### See also

* Sothic; canicular; cynic
* dog days, dogdays, dog day

### References

* “Naming Stars”, in International Astronomical Union, 2018 June 1, List of IAU-approved Star Names.

## Faroese
### Proper noun

Sirius m
* a male given name

#### Usage notes

Patronymics
* son of Sirius: Siriusarson or Siriusson
* daughter of Sirius: Siriusardóttir or Siriusdóttir

#### Declension
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Latin Sīrius.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsirius/, [ˈs̠irius̠]
* Rhymes: -irius
* Hyphenation: Si‧ri‧us

### Proper noun

Sirius
* (astronomy) Sirius (star)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of Sirius (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriukseni
accusative
nom.
Siriukseni
gen.
Siriukseni
genitive
Siriukseni
partitive
Siriustani
inessive
Siriuksessani
elative
Siriuksestani
illative
Siriukseeni
adessive
Siriuksellani
ablative
Siriukseltani
allative
Siriukselleni
essive
Siriuksenani
translative
Siriuksekseni
abessive
Siriuksettani
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriuksesi
accusative
nom.
Siriuksesi
gen.
Siriuksesi
genitive
Siriuksesi
partitive
Siriustasi
inessive
Siriuksessasi
elative
Siriuksestasi
illative
Siriukseesi
adessive
Siriuksellasi
ablative
Siriukseltasi
allative
Siriuksellesi
essive
Siriuksenasi
translative
Siriukseksesi
abessive
Siriuksettasi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriuksemme
accusative
nom.
Siriuksemme
gen.
Siriuksemme
genitive
Siriuksemme
partitive
Siriustamme
inessive
Siriuksessamme
elative
Siriuksestamme
illative
Siriukseemme
adessive
Siriuksellamme
ablative
Siriukseltamme
allative
Siriuksellemme
essive
Siriuksenamme
translative
Siriukseksemme
abessive
Siriuksettamme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriuksenne
accusative
nom.
Siriuksenne
gen.
Siriuksenne
genitive
Siriuksenne
partitive
Siriustanne
inessive
Siriuksessanne
elative
Siriuksestanne
illative
Siriukseenne
adessive
Siriuksellanne
ablative
Siriukseltanne
allative
Siriuksellenne
essive
Siriuksenanne
translative
Siriukseksenne
abessive
Siriuksettanne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriuksensa
accusative
nom.
Siriuksensa
gen.
Siriuksensa
genitive
Siriuksensa
partitive
Siriustaan Siriustansa
inessive
Siriuksessaan Siriuksessansa
elative
Siriuksestaan Siriuksestansa
illative
Siriukseensa
adessive
Siriuksellaan Siriuksellansa
ablative
Siriukseltaan Siriukseltansa
allative
Siriukselleen Siriuksellensa
essive
Siriuksenaan Siriuksenansa
translative
Siriuksekseen Siriukseksensa
abessive
Siriuksettaan Siriuksettansa
instructive
comitative
Possessive forms of Sirius (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriusini
accusative
nom.
Siriusini
gen.
Siriusini
genitive
Siriusini
partitive
Siriusiani
inessive
Siriusissani
elative
Siriusistani
illative
Siriusiini
adessive
Siriusillani
ablative
Siriusiltani
allative
Siriusilleni
essive
Siriusinani
translative
Siriusikseni
abessive
Siriusittani
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriusisi
accusative
nom.
Siriusisi
gen.
Siriusisi
genitive
Siriusisi
partitive
Siriusiasi
inessive
Siriusissasi
elative
Siriusistasi
illative
Siriusiisi
adessive
Siriusillasi
ablative
Siriusiltasi
allative
Siriusillesi
essive
Siriusinasi
translative
Siriusiksesi
abessive
Siriusittasi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriusimme
accusative
nom.
Siriusimme
gen.
Siriusimme
genitive
Siriusimme
partitive
Siriusiamme
inessive
Siriusissamme
elative
Siriusistamme
illative
Siriusiimme
adessive
Siriusillamme
ablative
Siriusiltamme
allative
Siriusillemme
essive
Siriusinamme
translative
Siriusiksemme
abessive
Siriusittamme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriusinne
accusative
nom.
Siriusinne
gen.
Siriusinne
genitive
Siriusinne
partitive
Siriusianne
inessive
Siriusissanne
elative
Siriusistanne
illative
Siriusiinne
adessive
Siriusillanne
ablative
Siriusiltanne
allative
Siriusillenne
essive
Siriusinanne
translative
Siriusiksenne
abessive
Siriusittanne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Siriusinsa
accusative
nom.
Siriusinsa
gen.
Siriusinsa
genitive
Siriusinsa
partitive
Siriusiaan Siriusiansa
inessive
Siriusissaan Siriusissansa
elative
Siriusistaan Siriusistansa
illative
Siriusiinsa
adessive
Siriusillaan Siriusillansa
ablative
Siriusiltaan Siriusiltansa
allative
Siriusilleen Siriusillensa
essive
Siriusinaan Siriusinansa
translative
Siriusikseen Siriusiksensa
abessive
Siriusittaan Siriusittansa
instructive
comitative

#### Synonyms

* Koirantähti
* Kalevan tähti

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Sirius m (proper noun, strong, genitive Sirius)
* (astronomy) Sirius

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Σείριος (Seírios, “Seirios”), possibly from σείριος (seírios, “scorching, destructive”).

### Proper noun

Sīrius m sg (genitive Sīriī or Sīrī); second declension
* (astronomy) Sirius

#### Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Synonyms

* Canicula
* Sothis

#### Hypernyms

* stellae; Canis Major, Canicula

#### Descendants

* → Afrikaans: Sirius
* →⇒ Arabic: اَلشِّعْرَى (aš-šiʕrā), الشِّعْرَى الْيَمَانِيَّة (aš-šiʕrā l-yamāniyya)
* → Armenian: Սիրիուս (Sirius)
* → Catalan: Sírius
* → Czech: Sirius
* → Dutch: Sirius
* → Esperanto: Siriuso
* → Estonian: Siirius
* → Faroese: Sirius
* → Finnish: Sirius
* → French: Sirius
* → Georgian: სირიუსი (siriusi)
* → German: Sirius
* → Indonesian: Sirius
* → Italian: Sirio
* → Japanese: シリウス (Shiriusu)
* → Korean: 시리우스 (siriuseu)
* → Latvian: Sīriuss
* → Lithuanian: Sirijus
* → Malay: Sirius
* → Polish: Syriusz
* → Portuguese: Sírio
* → Romanian: Sirius
* → Russian: Си́риус (Sírius)
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic: Сиријус
    Roman: Sirius
* → Spanish: Sirio
* → Swedish: Sirius
* → Thai: ซิริอุส, ⇒ ดาวซิริอุส
* → Turkish: Sirius
* → Ukrainian: Сіріус (Sirius)
* → Vietnamese: Sirius
* → Welsh: Siriws

### References

* “Sirius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “Sirius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* Sirius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.