# 薄荷
## Chinese

* 薄荷 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 薄荷 (Cantonese)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bòhé
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˋ ㄏㄜˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bok$^6$ ho$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): bok$^5$ ho$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): po$^5$ ho
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pho̍k-hò
    (Hailu, HRS): pog$^ˋ$ ho
* Northern Min (KCR): bó̤-hô̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): po̍h-hô / po̍k-hô
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bo$^7$ ho$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$bu-hu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bòhé → bòhe (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˋ ㄏㄜˊ → ㄅㄛˋ ˙ㄏㄜ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bòhe̊
*** Wade–Giles: po$^4$-ho$^5$
*** Yale: bwò-he
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: boh.her
*** Palladius: бохэ (boxɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/ → /pu̯ɔ⁵¹ xə¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bok$^6$ ho$^4$
*** Yale: bohk hòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bok$^9$ ho$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bog$^6$ ho$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔːk̚² hɔː²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: bok$^5$ ho$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔk̚³² hᵘɔ²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: po$^5$ ho
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰo¹¹ ho¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pho̍k-hò
*** Hakka Romanization System: pog ho$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pog$^6$ ho$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰok̚⁵ ho¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: pog$^ˋ$ ho
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰok² ho⁵⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bó̤-hô̤
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔ⁵⁴ xɔ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po̍h-hô
*** Tâi-lô: po̍h-hô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: poiqhooi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /po(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ ho²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po̍k-hô
*** Tâi-lô: po̍k-hô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: poghooi
*** IPA (Taipei): /pɔk̚⁴⁻³² ho²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɤ²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bo$^7$ ho$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pō hò
*** Sinological IPA : /po¹¹ ho²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$bu-hu
*** MiniDict: bu$^去$ hu
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$bu-hu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bu²² hu⁴⁴/

### Noun

薄荷
* mint (Mentha spp., especially Mentha canadensis) or mint-like plant
    胡椒薄荷 ― hújiāobóhé ― peppermint
    貓薄荷／猫薄荷 ― māobóhé ― catnip

#### Derived terms

* 美國薄荷 / 美国薄荷 (Měiguó bòhé)
* 胡椒薄荷 (hújiāobòhé)
* 薄荷原油 (bòhé yuányóu)
* 薄荷毸
* 薄荷油 (bòhéyóu)
* 薄荷精
* 薄荷糖 (bòhétáng)
* 薄荷腦 / 薄荷脑 (bòhénǎo)
* 薄荷醇 (bòhéchún)
* 薄荷醬 / 薄荷酱
* 貓薄荷 / 猫薄荷 (māobòhe)
* 辣薄荷
* 金錢薄荷 / 金钱薄荷

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 薄(はっ)荷(か) (hakka)
* → Korean: 박하(薄荷) (bakha)
* → Vietnamese: bạc hà (薄荷)
Others:
* → Zhuang: bozhoz

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 薄 | 荷 |
| はく > はっ Grade: S | か Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 薄荷.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はっか [hàkká] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠k̚ka̠]

### Noun

薄(はっ)荷(か) or 薄荷(ハッカ) • (hakka)
* Synonym of ミント (minto, “mint”) (plant)
* Short for 日本薄荷 (Nihon hakka, “Japanese mint”).
* (traditional Chinese medicine) dried mint leaves used in medicine
    Synonym: 薄荷葉 (hakkayō)

#### Derived terms

* 日(ニ)本(ホン)薄(ハッ)荷(カ) (Nihon hakka)
* 西(セイ)洋(ヨウ)薄(ハッ)荷(カ) (Seiyō hakka)
* 薄荷精(はっかせい) (hakkasei)
* 薄荷糖(はっかとう) (hakkatō)
* 薄荷脳(はっかのう) (hakkanō)
* 薄荷(はっか)パイプ (hakkapaipu)
* 薄荷油(はっかゆ) (hakkayu)
* 犬薄荷(いぬはっか) (inuhakka)
* 花薄荷(はなはっか) (hanahakka)
* 山薄荷(やまはっか) (yamahakka)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 薄 | 荷 |

### Noun

薄荷 • (bakha) (hangeul 박하)
* hanja form of 박하 (“mint”)

## Okinawan

Kanji in this term :
| 薄 | 荷 |
| Grade: S | Grade: 3 |

### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 薄荷. Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as はくか.

### Noun

薄荷(ふぁっか) or 薄荷(はっか) (fakka or hakka)
* mint

### References

* ↑ Nakamoto, Masayo (中本政世) (1896) 沖縄語典 [Documentation of the Language of Okinawa], Hikone (彦根市): Eishōdō (永昌堂), →DOI, page 80

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 薄 | 荷 |

### Noun

薄荷
* chữ Hán form of bạc hà (“mint”).