# 奏

| 奏 | U+594F, &#22863; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-594F |
| ← 奎 [U+594E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 奐 → [U+5950] |

## Translingual
### Han character

奏 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手大竹大 (QKHK), four-corner 5043$_0$, composition ⿱𡗗天)

#### Derived characters

* 凑, 𠸫, 揍, 湊, 𣉅, 楱, 𤋷, 𬍴, 腠, 𭿅, 𥠬, 𦥇, 𦦅, 𧎝, 𧩻, 𧱪, 𨂡, 輳(辏), 𡔿, 𨨯(𬭟), 𩹀, 𪃆, 𪉮(𬸷), 𦴺, 𥯪

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 251, character 15
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5915
* Dae Jaweon: page 512, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 537, character 1
* Unihan data for U+594F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 奏 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 奏 | *ʔsoːs |
| 凑 | *sʰoːs |
| 腠 | *sʰoːs |
| 輳 | *sʰoːs |
| 楱 | *sʰoːs, *zoːs |
| 湊 | *sʰoːs |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): two hands (廾) holding an object, perhaps a musical instrument used during a sacrifical ritual (the lower part of the object originally was similar to 夲).
Otherwise, the whole character depicts two hands collecting resin (桼) dripping from a cut tree (drawn like 屮). The resin is visible at the bottom of the character.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zòu (zou$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zau$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): ce̿
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chàu / cháu / chò / chò͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zòu
*** Wade–Giles: tsou$^4$
*** Yale: dzòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzow
*** Palladius: цзоу (czou)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡soʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zau$^3$
*** Yale: jau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzau$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐu̯³³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ce̿
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡se³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chàu
*** Tâi-lô: tsàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zaux
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sau¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sau²¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cháu
*** Tâi-lô: tsáu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zao
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sau⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chò
*** Tâi-lô: tsò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zoix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡so⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chò͘
*** Tâi-lô: tsòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zox
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔ²¹/
* chàu - vernacular;
* chò/chò͘ - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit奏 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡sou⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡sou⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡sou⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡sou²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡sou⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡sou³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡sou⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡sɯ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡səu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡sou¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /tɤu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡səu³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡səu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡səu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡səu²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡səɯ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡sɯ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡səu⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡səu³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡səu⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sɤ³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡sɤ⁵¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡sei⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡sau⁴²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡so³²⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡siu⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡səu⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡səɯ⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sɛu⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡seu⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /t͡seu⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɐu³³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sɐu³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sɐu³³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sɔ²¹/ /t͡sau²¹/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sɑu²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡se³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /zau²¹³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡sɔu³⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: tsuwH
Rime :
| Character | 奏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 則候切 |
| Baxter | tsuwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡səu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡səu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡səu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡səw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡su$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡səu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zòu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zau$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsˤo(ʔ)-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsoːs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 奏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zòu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsuw$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tsˁo(ʔ)-s/ |
| English | bring forward; perform (music) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 奏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17908 |
| Phonetic component | 奏 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 奏 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsoːs/ |

#### Definitions

奏
* (literary, or in compounds) to offer as tribute; to present with respect; to offer up; to dedicate to
* (historical) to present a memorial to an emperor
* (literary, or in compounds) to achieve; to gain; to obtain
* (literary, or in compounds) to play a musical instrument; to give an instrumental performance
* (historical) report; memorial
* (literary, or in compounds) beat; meter; rhythm
* a surname, Zou

#### Synonyms

* (to offer as tribute):
* 奉獻 / 奉献 (fèngxiàn)
* 貢獻 / 贡献 (gòngxiàn)
* (to present a memorial to an emperor): 進奉／进奉 (jìnfèng)
* (to achieve):
* 到手 (dàoshǒu)
* 博得 (bódé)
* 取 (qǔ)
* 取得 (qǔdé)
* 弋取 (yìqǔ) (literary)
* 得到 (dédào)
* 得著 / 得着 (dézháo)
* 拔取 (báqǔ)
* 採取 / 采取 (cǎiqǔ)
* 獲 / 获
* 獲取 / 获取 (huòqǔ)
* 獲得 / 获得 (huòdé)
* 獲致 / 获致 (huòzhì) (formal)
* 贏得 / 赢得 (yíngdé)
* 集取 (jíqǔ) (literary)
* (to play a musical instrument):
* 上演 (shàngyǎn)
* 上臺 / 上台 (shàngtái)
* 串 (literary, or in compounds)
* 做戲 / 做戏 (zuòxì)
* 出演 (chūyǎn)
* 扮戲 / 扮戏 (bànxì)
* 搬戲 / 搬戏 (Hokkien)
* 操 (literary, or in compounds)
* 演 (yǎn)
* 演出 (yǎnchū)
* 演唱 (yǎnchàng) (to perform a song)
* 演奏 (yǎnzòu)
* 演戲 / 演戏 (yǎnxì)
* 登臺 / 登台 (dēngtái)
* 耍 (shuǎ)
* 表演 (biǎoyǎn)
* (beat):
* 嘹拍 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
* 板嘹 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 節拍 / 节拍 (jiépāi)
* 點子 / 点子 (diǎnzi)

#### Compounds

* 二重奏 (èrchóngzòu)
* 伴奏 (bànzòu)
* 保奏 (bǎozòu)
* 先斬後奏 / 先斩后奏 (xiānzhǎnhòuzòu)
* 准奏
* 前奏 (qiánzòu)
* 前奏曲
* 助奏
* 劾奏
* 協奏 / 协奏 (xiézòu)
* 協奏曲 / 协奏曲 (xiézòuqǔ)
* 即席演奏
* 合奏 (hézòu)
* 吹奏 (chuīzòu)
* 吹奏樂器 / 吹奏乐器 (chuīzòu yuèqì)
* 單音奏法 / 单音奏法
* 四重奏 (sìchóngzòu)
* 大協奏曲 / 大协奏曲
* 奏凱 / 奏凯
* 奏削
* 奏功 (zòugōng)
* 奏對 / 奏对
* 奏捷
* 奏摺 / 奏折 (zòuzhé)
* 奏效 (zòuxiào)
* 奏本
* 奏樂 / 奏乐 (zòuyuè)
* 奏琴
* 奏疏 (zòushū)
* 奏草
* 奏記 / 奏记
* 奏請 / 奏请 (zòuqǐng)
* 奏議 / 奏议
* 奏章 (zòuzhāng)
* 奏鳴曲 / 奏鸣曲 (zòumíngqǔ)
* 奏鳴曲式 / 奏鸣曲式 (zòumíngqǔshì)
* 密奏 (mìzòu)
* 封奏
* 底下奏樂 / 底下奏乐
* 彈奏 / 弹奏 (tánzòu)
* 摺奏 / 折奏
* 啟奏 / 启奏
* 敷奏
* 曲終奏雅 / 曲终奏雅
* 條奏 / 条奏
* 滑奏 (huázòu)
* 演奏 (yǎnzòu)
* 滾奏法 / 滚奏法
* 演奏者 (yǎnzòuzhě)
* 牋奏 / 笺奏
* 獨奏 / 独奏 (dúzòu)
* 獨奏曲 / 独奏曲 (dúzòuqǔ)
* 申奏 (shēnzòu)
* 節奏 / 节奏 (jiézòu)
* 聯奏 / 联奏 (liánzòu)
* 表奏 (biǎozòu)
* 計日奏功 / 计日奏功
* 變奏 / 变奏 (biànzòu)
* 變奏曲 / 变奏曲 (biànzòuqǔ)
* 進奏 / 进奏
* 重奏 (chóngzòu)
* 金奏
* 金石奏
* 鍾儀楚奏 / 钟仪楚奏
* 間奏 / 间奏 (jiānzòu)
* 間奏曲 / 间奏曲 (jiānzòuqǔ)
* 面奏
* 章奏
* 題奏 / 题奏
* 齊奏 / 齐奏 (qízòu)

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: tấu (奏)

### Pronunciation 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 奏 – see 湊 (“to gather together; to assemble; to approach; to come closer; to draw near; etc.”). (This character is an ancient form of 湊).
* For pronunciation and definitions of 奏 – see 腠 (“the tissue between the skin and the flesh”). (This character is an ancient form of 腠).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
* play music

#### Readings

* Go-on: す (su)
* Kan-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)
* Kun: かなでる (kanaderu, 奏でる, Jōyō)、すすめる (susumeru, 奏める)

#### Compounds

* 奏(そう)楽(がく) (sōgaku): musical performance
* 奏(そう)功(こう) (sōkō): success
* 奏(そう)効(こう) (sōkō): efficacy
* 奏(そう)上(じょう) (sōjō): report to the emperor
* 奏(そう)鳴(めい)曲(きょく) (sōmeikyoku): sonata
* 奏(そう)聞(もん) (sōmon): reporting to the emperor
* 演(えん)奏(そう) (ensō): musical performance
* 伴(ばん)奏(そう) (bansō): musical accompaniment
* 軍(ぐん)奏(そう) (gunsō)

## Korean
### Hanja

奏 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

奏: Hán Nôm readings: tấu, táu, tâu, thần
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.