# 橋

| 橋 | U+6A4B, &#27211; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A4B |
| ← 橊 [U+6A4A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 橌 → [U+6A4C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

橋 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木竹大月 (DHKB), four-corner 4292$_7$, composition ⿰木喬)

#### Derived characters

* 𡳯, 𧂼

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 553, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15526
* Dae Jaweon: page 941, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1292, character 9
* Unihan data for U+6A4B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 橋 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 驕 | *krew |
| 嬌 | *krew, *krewʔ, *ɡrew |
| 憍 | *krew, *kʰrew |
| 穚 | *krew |
| 鷮 | *krew, *ɡrew |
| 蕎 | *krew, *ɡrew |
| 喬 | *krew, *ɡrew |
| 簥 | *krew |
| 撟 | *krew, *krewʔ |
| 矯 | *krewʔ |
| 鱎 | *krewʔ |
| 敽 | *krewʔ |
| 蟜 | *krewʔ, *ɡrew |
| 譑 | *krewʔ, *kʰews |
| 蹻 | *krewʔ, *kʰew, *ɡrew, *kewɢ, *ɡewɢ |
| 繑 | *kʰew |
| 鞽 | *kʰrew |
| 趫 | *kʰrew, *ɡrew |
| 嘺 | *ɡew |
| 橋 | *ɡrew |
| 僑 | *ɡrew |
| 鐈 | *ɡrew |
| 毊 | *ɡrew, *qʰrew |
| 轎 | *ɡrew, *ɡrews |
| 嶠 | *ɡrews |
| 獢 | *qʰrew |
| 屩 | *kewɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrew) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 喬 (OC *krew, *ɡrew).

### Etymology 1

* 橋 (消歧義) (Written Standard Chinese)
* 橋 (Classical)
* 橋 (搞清楚) (Cantonese)
* 橋 (Gan)
* 橋 (Southern Min)
* 桥 (Wu)
Possibly related to 撟 (OC *krew, *krewʔ, “to raise; to lift”), 高 (OC *kaːw, “high; tall”) (Liu, 1999).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): qiáo (qiao$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄠˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qiao$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чё (či͡o, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kiu$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): kiau$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): qieu$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khièu
    (Hailu, HRS): kiau
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kiau$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): qiau$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): giâu
* Eastern Min (BUC): giò
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gieo$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kiô / kiâu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gio$^5$ / giê$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$jiau
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jiau$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiáo
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciáo
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiao$^2$
*** Yale: chyáu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyau
*** Palladius: цяо (cjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: qiao$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kiao
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiau²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чё (či͡o, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiɔː²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kiu$^4$
*** Yale: kìuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kiu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kiu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiːu̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: kiau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiau²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: qieu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiɛu²⁴/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khièu
*** Hakka Romanization System: kieu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kieu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯eu̯¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiau
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiau⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kiau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiau¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: qiau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiau¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: giâu
*** Sinological IPA : /kiau³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: giò
*** Sinological IPA : /kyo⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gieo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kieu¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiô
*** Tâi-lô: kiô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiooi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kio¹³/
*** IPA (Zhangpu): /kio²¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɤ²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /kio²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiâu
*** Tâi-lô: kiâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiaau
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiau¹³/
*** IPA (Zhangpu): /kiau²¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiau²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei): /kiau²⁴/
* kiô - vernacular;
* kiâu - literary.
* Middle Chinese: gjew
Rime :
| Character | 橋 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (92) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 巨嬌切 |
| Baxter | gjew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiᴇu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚiɛu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiæu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /giaw/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjɛu/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɛu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ɛu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiáo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kiu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ](r)aw/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrew/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 橋 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qiáo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjew › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ](r)aw/ |
| English | bridge |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 橋 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10351 |
| Phonetic component | 喬 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 喬 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡrew/ |

#### Definitions

橋
* (countable) bridge (over a river) (Classifier: 座 m c mn; 道 m g; 條／条 c h mn mn-t; 戙 c; 板 h mn)
    橋樑／桥梁 ― qiáoliáng ― bridge
    廊橋／廊桥 ― lángqiáo ― covered bridge
* (countable) bridge-like object: footbridge; beam; crosspiece
* a surname

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 樑, 橋 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 橋, 橋樑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 橋 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 橋 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 橋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 橋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 橋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 橋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 橋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 橋 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 橋 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 橋 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 橋 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 橋 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 橋 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 橋 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 橋 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 橋 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 橋 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 橋 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 橋 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 橋 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 橋 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 橋 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 橋 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 橋 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 橋 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 橋 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 橋 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 橋 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 橋 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 橋 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 橋 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 橋 |

#### Compounds

* 下陳橋 / 下陈桥 (Xiàchénqiáo)
* 上陳橋 / 上陈桥 (Shàngchénqiáo)
* 二十四橋 / 二十四桥
* 余家橋 (Yújiāqiáo)
* 便橋 / 便桥 (biànqiáo)
* 倍力橋 / 倍力桥
* 修橋補路 / 修桥补路
* 八字橋 / 八字桥 (Bāzìqiáo)
* 劍橋 / 剑桥 (Jiànqiáo)
* 古橋溝 / 古桥沟 (Gǔqiáogōu)
* 吊橋 / 吊桥 (diàoqiáo)
* 嚴橋 / 严桥 (Yánqiáo)
* 土橋 / 土桥 (tǔqiáo)
* 圯橋 / 圯桥
* 圯橋進履 / 圯桥进履
* 大公橋 / 大公桥 (Dàgōngqiáo)
* 大橋 / 大桥 (dàqiáo)
* 天橋 / 天桥 (tiānqiáo)
* 天然橋 / 天然桥
* 奈何橋 / 奈何桥 (nàihéqiáo)
* 官埠橋 / 官埠桥 (Guānbùqiáo)
* 寶帶橋 / 宝带桥
* 平橋 / 平桥 (Píngqiáo)
* 廣德從橋 / 广德从桥
* 弔橋 / 吊桥 (diàoqiáo)
* 引橋 / 引桥
* 張橋 / 张桥 (Zhāngqiáo)
* 徐橋 / 徐桥 (Xúqiáo)
* 惠斯登電橋 / 惠斯登电桥 (Huìsīdēngdiànqiáo)
* 拉線搭橋 / 拉线搭桥
* 拱橋 / 拱桥 (gǒngqiáo)
* 搭橋 / 搭桥 (dāqiáo)
* 斷橋 / 断桥
* 星橋 / 星桥
* 朱雀橋 / 朱雀桥
* 板橋 / 板桥 (bǎnqiáo)
* 東橋 / 东桥 (Dōngqiáo)
* 梯橋 / 梯桥
* 棧橋 / 栈桥
* 楊林橋 / 杨林桥 (Yánglínqiáo)
* 楓橋 / 枫桥 (Fēngqiáo)
* 楓橋夜泊 / 枫桥夜泊 (fēngqiáoyèbó)
* 橋兜 / 桥兜 (Qiáodōu)
* 橋劇 / 桥剧
* 橋堍 / 桥堍
* 橋墩 / 桥墩 (qiáodūn)
* 橋孔 / 桥孔
* 橋山 / 桥山
* 橋市 / 桥市 (Qiáoshì)
* 橋梁 (qiáoliáng)
* 橋梓 / 桥梓 (qiáozǐ)
* 橋段 / 桥段 (qiáoduàn)
* 橋洞 / 桥洞 (qiáodòng)
* 橋津 / 桥津
* 橋牌 / 桥牌 (qiáopái)
* 橋腦 / 桥脑 (qiáonǎo)
* 橋藝 / 桥艺
* 橋邊 / 桥边 (qiáobiān)
* 橋頭 / 桥头 (qiáotóu)
* 橋頭堡 / 桥头堡 (qiáotóubǎo)
* 正橋 / 正桥
* 水渰藍橋 / 水渰蓝桥
* 汪橋 / 汪桥 (Wāngqiáo)
* 法橋 / 法桥
* 洛陽橋 / 洛阳桥
* 浮棧橋 / 浮栈桥
* 浮橋 / 浮桥 (fúqiáo)
* 清水橋 / 清水桥 (Qīngshuǐqiáo)
* 灞橋 / 灞桥
* 烏鵲成橋 / 乌鹊成桥
* 烏鵲橋 / 乌鹊桥
* 爐橋 / 炉桥 (lúqiáo)
* 牙橋 / 牙桥
* 牽線搭橋 / 牵线搭桥
* 獨木橋 / 独木桥 (dúmùqiáo)
* 王大橋 / 王大桥 (Wángdàqiáo)
* 王家橋 / 王家桥 (Wángjiāqiáo)
* 白橋 / 白桥 (Báiqiáo)
* 盧溝橋 / 卢沟桥 (Lúgōu Qiáo)
* 石橋 / 石桥 (shíqiáo)
* 石橋驛 / 石桥驿 (Shíqiáoyì)
* 碾橋 / 碾桥 (Niǎnqiáo)
* 萬壽橋 / 万寿桥 (Wànshòuqiáo)
* 萬橋 / 万桥 (Wànqiáo)
* 秦橋 / 秦桥
* 積玉橋 / 积玉桥 (Jīyùqiáo)
* 空橋 / 空桥
* 立馬蓋橋 / 立马盖桥
* 立馬造橋 / 立马造桥
* 站橋 / 站桥 (Zhànqiáo)
* 竹林橋 / 竹林桥 (Zhúlínqiáo)
* 筧橋 / 笕桥
* 紅橋 / 红桥 (Hóngqiáo)
* 索橋 / 索桥
* 緪橋 / 緪桥
* 繩橋 / 绳桥
* 羅家橋 / 罗家桥 (Luójiāqiáo)
* 羅鍋橋 / 罗锅桥
* 肖橋 / 肖桥 (Xiāoqiáo)
* 腦橋 / 脑桥 (nǎoqiáo)
* 艦橋 / 舰桥
* 草橋店 / 草桥店
* 藍橋 / 蓝桥 (Lánqiáo)
* 藍橋會 / 蓝桥会
* 虹橋 / 虹桥 (hóngqiáo)
* 蜜月橋牌 / 蜜月桥牌
* 裴家橋 / 裴家桥 (Péijiāqiáo)
* 西泠橋 / 西泠桥
* 西濱大橋 / 西滨大桥
* 趙李橋 / 赵李桥 (Zhàolǐqiáo)
* 跳橋 / 跳桥 (tiàoqiáo)
* 躍進橋 / 跃进桥 (Yuèjìnqiáo)
* 造橋 / 造桥 (Zàoqiáo)
* 道橋 / 道桥 (Dàoqiáo)
* 過橋 / 过桥 (guòqiáo)
* 過橋抽板 / 过桥抽板 (guòqiáochōubǎn)
* 過橋拆橋 / 过桥拆桥
* 過橋費 / 过桥费 (guòqiáofèi)
* 過河拆橋 / 过河拆桥 (guòhéchāiqiáo)
* 邱橋 / 邱桥 (Qiūqiáo)
* 金家橋 / 金家桥 (Jīnjiāqiáo)
* 鉅橋 / 钜桥
* 錢橋 / 钱桥 (Qiánqiáo)
* 鐵橋 / 铁桥 (tiěqiáo)
* 門橋 / 门桥
* 陸橋 / 陆桥 (lùqiáo)
* 陳橋 / 陈桥
* 陳橋兵變 / 陈桥兵变
* 雙橋 / 双桥 (Shuāngqiáo)
* 鞭石成橋 / 鞭石成桥
* 飛橋 / 飞桥
* 馬橋 / 马桥 (Mǎqiáo)
* 高架橋 / 高架桥 (gāojiàqiáo)
* 高橋 / 高桥 (Gāoqiáo)
* 鴨堰橋 / 鸭堰桥 (Yāyànqiáo)
* 鵲橋 / 鹊桥 (quèqiáo)
* 鹽橋 / 盐桥 (yánqiáo)
* 龍橋 / 龙桥 (Lóngqiáo)

#### Descendants

* → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *ɟow
* → Vietnamese: cầu
* → Zhuang: giuz

### Etymology 2

Changed tone variant of etymology 1.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): kiu$^{4-2}$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kiu$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: kíu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kiu$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kiu$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiːu̯²¹⁻³⁵/

#### Definitions

橋
* (Cantonese, countable) idea; plan (Classifier: 條／条 c)
* (Cantonese, countable) plot; storyline (Classifier: 條／条 c)

##### Compounds

* 屎橋 / 屎桥
* 度橋 / 度桥
* 抄橋 / 抄桥
* 扭橋 / 扭桥
* 橋唔怕舊，最緊要受 / 桥唔怕旧，最紧要受
* 橋唔怕舊，至緊要受 / 桥唔怕旧，至紧要受
* 死橋 / 死桥

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): kiu$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kiu$^2$
*** Yale: kíu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kiu$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiːu̯³⁵/

#### Definitions

橋
* (Cantonese) Alternative form of 巧 (kiu2, “coincidental”)

## Japanese
### Alternative forms

* (variant) 𣘺 [U+2363a]
* (variant) 槗 [U+69d7]
* (variant) 𫞎 [U+2B78E]

### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
* Kan-on: きょう (kyō, Jōyō)
* Kun: はし (hashi, 橋, Jōyō)
* Nanori: ばせ (base)

#### Compounds

* 鉄橋(てっきょう) (tekkyō)
* 高橋(たかはし) (takahashi)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 橋
* はし Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
/pasi/ → /ɸasi/ → /hasi/
From Old Japanese, originally indicating either the area between two things, or a connection between two things.
Cognate with 階 (hashi, “stairs from a garden up to the house”), both cognate with root hasa indicating the narrow area between two things, as in 狭間 (classical hasama, modern hazama, “narrow gap between two things”) or 挟む (hasamu, “to put between two things that are close together, to squeeze between two things”). Cognate also with root hoso indicating the narrowness of a thing itself, as in 細い (hosoi, “narrow, slender”), 細める (hosomeru, “to narrow something, to make something narrow”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はし [hàshíꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [ha̠ɕi]

### Noun

橋(はし) • (hashi)
* that which is constructed to connect two points for the purpose of transportation: a bridge
** 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 16::
    旋澓 [...] 梁力將反橋也二字波之
** 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 43::
    橋梁 上波之下宇都波利
* a bridge-like walkway or corridor between two buildings in a manor, palace, castle, or similar structure
* a person who acts as a bridge between different people: a mediator, a go-between

#### Synonyms

* (bridge for traffic): 橋梁(きょうりょう) (kyōryō)
* (corridor): 渡(わた)り廊下(ろうか) (watarirōka), 渡殿(わたどの) (watadono), 長橋(ながはし) (nagahashi)
* (mediator): 仲(なか)立(だ)ち (nakadachi), 仲介(ちゅうかい) (chūkai)

### References

* 1 2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Unknown (794) Yoshinori Kobayashi, editor, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (Kojisho Ongi Shūsei) (in Japanese), volume 1, Kyūko Shoin, published 1978, →ISBN.

## Korean
### Hanja

橋 (eumhun 다리 교 (dari gyo))
* hanja form of 교 (“bridge”)
橋 (eumhun 빠를 고 (ppareul go))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Miyako
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ぱㇲ (pas)

### Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 橋(はし) (hashi).

### Noun

橋(ぱㇲ) (pas)
* a bridge

## Vietnamese
### Han character

橋: Hán Nôm readings: kiều, cầu, kéo, kèo
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.