# verus
## Latin
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *wēros, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁ros, from *weh₁- (“true”). See also Old English wǣr (“true, correct”), Dutch waar (“true”), German wahr (“true”), Icelandic alvöru (“earnest”), Proto-Slavic *vě̀ra (“faith/belief”).

#### Alternative forms

* bērus (Late Latin, misspelling)

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈu̯eː.rus/, [ˈu̯eːrʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈve.rus/, [ˈvɛːrus]

#### Adjective

vērus (feminine vēra, neuter vērum, comparative vērior, superlative vērissimus, adverb vērē or vērō); first/second-declension adjective
* true, real, actual (conforming to the actual state of reality or fact; factually correct)
* true, genuine (not counterfeit, spurious, false, or adulterated)
* proper, suitable (acceptable to or fitting for the purpose or circumstances)
* right, just (complying with justice, correctness or reason)

##### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

##### Derived terms

* advērō
* vērāx
* vērē
* vēridicus
* vērificō
* vērisimilis
* vēritās
* vērō
* vērum

##### Related terms

* vērācitās
* vērāciter
* vērificābilis
* vērificātiō
* vērisimiliter
* vērīsimilitūdō
* vēritābilis
* vērumtamen

##### Descendants

* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: beru, veru
* Balkan Romance:
** ⇒ Romanian: adevăr
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Italian: vero
** Neapolitan: vero
** Sicilian: veru
** Venetan: vero
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: vêr
** Romansch: vair
* Gallo-Italic:
** Piedmontese: vei, vai, veir
* Northern Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: vêr
    Valdôtain: vèir
** Old French: ver, veir, voir
*** Poitevin-Saintongeais: vau
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: ver
** Old Occitan: ver
* Ibero-Romance:
** Old Galician-Portuguese: vero
*** ⇒ Galician: veriño (“oak”)
** Old Spanish: vero
*** ⇒ Spanish: de veras
* ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *cōnsobrīnus vērus (literally “true cousin”)
** Aromanian: cusurin-ver ⇒ ver, veru
** ⇒ Istro-Romanian: ver
** ⇒ Romanian: văr
* Via the neuter plural vēra:
** Gallo-Italic:
*** Emilian: veira, vera, vaira
*** Ligurian: vêia, viêra
*** Lombard: vera, vira, era
** Northern Gallo-Romance:
*** Franco-Provençal: vèira (Valdôtain)
*** Old French: voire, veire
**** French: voire (“truly”)
* Borrowings:
** → Esperanto: vero
** → Ido: vera
** → Interlingua: ver
** → Volapük: ver

### Etymology 2

Inflected form of verū.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈu̯e.ruːs/, [ˈu̯ɛruːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈve.rus/, [ˈvɛːrus]

#### Noun

verūs
* genitive singular of verū

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “vērus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 14: U–Z, page 331

### Further reading

* “verus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “verus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* verus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. (ambiguous) at the beginning of spring: ineunte, primo vere (ambiguous) my dream is coming true: somnium verum evādit (Div. 2. 53. 108) (ambiguous) to speak the truth, admit the truth: verum dicere, profiteri (ambiguous) to be averse to truth: a vero aversum esse (Catil. 3. 1. 29) (ambiguous) love of truth: veri videndi, investigandi cupiditas (ambiguous) zealous pursuit of truth: veri inquisitio atque investigatio (ambiguous) to be led away from the truth: a vero abduci (ambiguous) to be very near the truth: proxime ad verum accedere (ambiguous) to be probable: a vero non abhorrere (ambiguous) to be probable: veri simile esse (ambiguous) to distinguish true and false: vera et falsa (a falsis) diiudicare (ambiguous) to confuse true with false: vera cum falsis confundere (ambiguous) in truth; really: re (vera), reapse (opp. specie) (ambiguous) to make a copy true to nature: aliquid ad verum exprimere (ambiguous) but to return from the digression we have been making: verum ut ad id, unde digressa est oratio, revertamur (ambiguous) nominally; really: verbo, nomine; re, re quidem vera (ambiguous) to tell lies: falsa (pro veris) dicere (ambiguous) a man who genuinely wishes the people's good: homo vere popularis (Catil. 4. 5. 9) (ambiguous) without wishing to boast, yet..: quod vere praedicare possum (ambiguous) to put it exactly: si quaeris, si verum quaerimus
* “verus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “vērus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 14: U–Z, page 329
* “verus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray