# 秋風
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiūfēng
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄡ ㄈㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cau$^1$ fung$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhiu-hong / chhiu-hoang
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiūfēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡ ㄈㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cioufong
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiu$^1$-fêng$^1$
*** Yale: chyōu-fēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chioufeng
*** Palladius: цюфэн (cjufɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cau$^1$ fung$^1$
*** Yale: chāu fūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsau$^1$ fung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ceo$^1$ fung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiu-hong
*** Tâi-lô: tshiu-hong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiu'hofng
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiu⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiu⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Kinmen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiu-hoang
*** Tâi-lô: tshiu-huang
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiu'hoafng
*** IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sʰiu⁴⁴⁻²² huaŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiu³³ huaŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: tshjuw pjuwng
Rime :
| Character | 秋 | 風 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 東 (2) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 七由切 | 方戎切 |
| Baxter | tshjuw | pjuwng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰɨu/ | /pɨuŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰiu/ | /piuŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰiəu/ | /piuŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰuw/ | /puwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰiu/ | /piuŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰĭəu/ | /pĭuŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sʰi̯ə̯u/ | /pi̯uŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiū | fēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cau$^1$ | fung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsʰiw prəm/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰɯw plum/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 秋 | 風 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qiū | fēng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tshjuw › | ‹ pjuwng › |
| Old Chinese | /*tsʰiw/ | /*prəm/ |
| English | autumn; crop | wind (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 秋 | 風 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 10537 | 2921 |
| Phonetic component | 秋 | 凡 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 秋 | 風 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰɯw/ | /*plum/ |

### Noun

秋風
* autumn wind; fall wind
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Niǎoniǎo xī qiūfēng, dòngtíng bō xī mùyè xià. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Derived terms

* 打秋風 / 打秋风 (dǎ qiūfēng)
* 秋風團扇 / 秋风团扇
* 秋風掃落葉 / 秋风扫落叶 (qiūfēng sǎo luòyè)
* 秋風落葉 / 秋风落叶
* 秋風過耳 / 秋风过耳
* 過耳秋風 / 过耳秋风

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 秋 | 風 |
| あき Grade: 2 | かぜ Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||
Compound of 秋(あき) (aki, “autumn”) + 風(かぜ) (kaze, “wind”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あきかぜ [àkíꜜkàzè] (Nakadaka – [2])
* (Tokyo) あきかぜ [àkíkáꜜzè] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [a̠kʲika̠ze̞]

#### Noun

秋(あき)風(かぜ) • (akikaze)
* autumn wind, autumn breeze, autumnal winds
    秋風(あきかぜ)が吹(ふ)く。
       Akikaze ga fuku.
       Autumn winds blow.
* two lovers cooling toward each other
    using 秋 (aki) as a pun for 飽き (aki, “weariness”)

##### Derived terms

* 秋風(あきかぜ)が立(た)つ (akikaze ga tatsu)
* 秋風(あきかぜ)月(づき) (akikaze-zuki)
* 秋風(あきかぜ)の (akikaze no, pillow word)
* 秋風(あきかぜ)の曲(きょく) (Akikaze no Kyoku)
* 初(はつ)秋風(あきかぜ) (hatsu-akikaze)

#### Proper noun

秋(あき)風(かぜ) • (Akikaze)
* a destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II (see Japanese destroyer Akikaze on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
* a surname

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 秋 | 風 |
| しゅう Grade: 2 | ふう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
From Middle Chinese compound 秋風 (MC tshjuw pjuwng).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しゅうふう [shùúfúú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕɨːɸɯ̟ː]

#### Noun

秋(しゅう)風(ふう) • (shūfū)
* autumn wind, autumn breeze, autumnal winds
    Synonyms: 金風 (kinpū), 商風 (shōfū), 西風 (seifū)

##### Derived terms

* 秋風(しゅうふう)索寞(さくばく), 秋風(しゅうふう)索漠(さくばく) (shūfū sakubaku)
* 秋(しゅう)風(ふうの)辞(じ), 秋風(しゅうふう)の辞(じ) (Shūfū no Ji)
* 秋風(しゅうふう)楽(らく) (Shūfūraku)
* 秋風(しゅうふう)嶺(れい) (Shūfūrei)

##### Proverbs

* 叢蘭(そうらん)茂(しげ)らんと欲(ほっ)し秋風(しゅうふう)之(これ)を敗(やぶ)る (sōran shigeran to hosshi shūfū kore o yaburu)

### Etymology 3

Various nanori readings.

#### Proper noun

Kanji in this term :
| 秋 | 風 |
| あい Grade: 2 | か Grade: 2 |
Kanji in this term :
| 秋 | 風 |
| あき Grade: 2 | か Grade: 2 |
秋(あい)風(か) or 秋(あき)風(か) • (Aika or Akika)
* a female given name

### References

* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 秋 | 風 |

### Noun

秋風 • (chupung) (hangeul 추풍)
* hanja form of 추풍 (“autumn wind, autumn breeze”)