OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# υποδουλώνω
## Greek
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Byzantine Greek υποδουλώ (upodoulṓ). By surface analysis, υπόδουλ(ος) (ypódoul(os)) +‎ -ώνω (-óno).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i.po.ðuˈlo.no/
* Hyphenation: υ‧πο‧δου‧λώ‧νω

### Verb

υποδουλώνω • (ypodoulóno) (passive υποδουλώνομαι)
* (transitive) to enslave

#### Derived terms

* υποδούλωση f (ypodoúlosi)

#### Related terms

* δουλεία f (douleía)
* δούλος m (doúlos), δούλα f (doúla)
* υπόδουλος (ypódoulos)

### References

* ↑ υποδουλώνω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# стрінути
## Ukrainian
### Alternative forms

* стрі́ти (stríty), стрі́тити (strítyty)

### Etymology

Probably, from earlier стрі́ти (stríty), remodeled after its present tense forms (e.g. стрі́ну, стрі́нуть (strínu, strínutʹ)) by analogy with verbs suffixed with -ну́ти (-núty). Or maybe, considering Czech střetnout and Old Czech střětnúti, inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъrětьnǫti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstʲrʲinʊte]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

стрі́нути • (strínuty) pf (imperfective стріча́ти or стріва́ти)
* (transitive) Synonym of зустрі́ти (zustríty) to meet

#### Derived terms

* стрі́нутися pf (strínutysja)
* встрі́нути pf (vstrínuty), встріча́ти impf (vstričáty), встріва́ти impf (vstriváty)
* встрі́нутися pf (vstrínutysja), встріча́тися impf (vstričátysja), встріва́тися impf (vstrivátysja)
* зострі́нути pf (zostrínuty), зостріча́ти impf (zostričáty), зостріва́ти impf (zostriváty)
* зострі́нутися pf (zostrínutysja), зостріча́тися impf (zostričátysja), зостріва́тися impf (zostrivátysja)
* зустрі́нути pf (zustrínuty), зустріча́ти impf (zustričáty), зустріва́ти impf (zustriváty)
* зустрі́нутися pf (zustrínutysja), зустріча́тися impf (zustričátysja), зустріва́тися impf (zustrivátysja)
* перестрі́нути pf (perestrínuty), перестріча́ти impf (perestričáty), перестріва́ти impf (perestriváty)
* перестрі́нутися pf (perestrínutysja), перестріча́тися impf (perestričátysja), перестріва́тися impf (perestrivátysja)
* устрі́нути pf (ustrínuty), устріча́ти impf (ustričáty), устріва́ти impf (ustriváty)
* устрі́нутися pf (ustrínutysja), устріча́тися impf (ustričátysja), устріва́тися impf (ustrivátysja)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “стрінути”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “стрінути”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “стрінути”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “стрінути”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “стрінути”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# 𐬵𐬀𐬨
## Avestan
### Etymology

Cognate with Sanskrit समा (samā) and English summer. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Noun

𐬵𐬀𐬨 • (ham) m
* summer

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

### References

* Martínez García, Javier, de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1)‎, Brill, →ISBN, page 47
# faradize
## English
### Verb

faradize (third-person singular simple present faradizes, present participle faradizing, simple past and past participle faradized)
* (medicine, transitive) To subject to faradization.

#### Derived terms

* faradizer
# faraway
## English
### Alternative forms

* far away

### Etymology

Univerbation of far +‎ away.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adjective

faraway (not comparable)
* Distant.
    She lived in a faraway village in a faraway land.
* Not mentally present, as when daydreaming.
    There was a faraway look on his face.

#### Synonyms

* far-flung, remote; see also Thesaurus:distant

#### Derived terms

* farawayness

#### Translations
### Noun

faraway (plural faraways)
* One who lives a great distance away.
** 2004, Richard Benke, The Ghost Ocean, page 182:The Neighbors, the enviros, the real and the want-to-be cowpokes, the locals and the faraways, the rich and the wishful, the purported miners all said they wanted to buy out Braden.

### See also

* far and away
# moose
## English
### Pronunciation

* enPR: mo͞os, IPA: /muːs/
** Audio (US):(file)
** Audio (General Australian):(file)
* (Scotland, Northern Ireland) IPA: /mʉs/
* Rhymes: -uːs
* Homophone: mousse

### Etymology 1

Earlier mus, moos, from an Eastern Algonquian language name for the animal, such as Massachusett moos, mws, Narragansett moos or Penobscot mos (cognate to Abenaki moz), from Proto-Algonquian *mo·swa (“it strips”), referring to how a moose strips tree bark when feeding: compare Massachusett moos-u (“he strips, cuts smooth”).

#### Noun

moose (plural moose or (dated, rare) mooses or (nonstandard, humorous) meese)
* The largest member of the deer family (Alces americanus, sometimes included in Alces alces), of which the male has very large, palmate antlers.
    We saw a moose at the edge of the woods.
* Any of the extinct moose-like deer of the genera Cervalces and Libralces.
** 2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 152:Europe’s giant beavers lived at the same time as the first moose, Libralces gallicus.
* (figuratively, derogatory, colloquial) An ugly person.

##### Usage notes

* The usual plural of moose is moose; compare the names of many animals, such as sheep, deer and fish, which are also invariant.
* Other plurals are rare and non-standard: mooses (with the usual English plural-forming suffix -s) and meese (jocularly formed by analogy to goose → geese).

##### Synonyms

* (largest member of the deer family (Alces americanus)): elk (British, Commonwealth), Newfoundland speed bump (Canadian, humorous)

##### Derived terms

* Alaska moose (Alces americanus gigas)
* Bull Moose
* eastern moose (Alces americanus americanus)
* ghost moose
* meese
* moosebird (Perisoreus canadensis)
* moose deer
* moose knuckle
* mooseknuckle
* mooselimb
* moose limb
* mooseling
* moose maple
* moose milk
* Moose River
* moose test
* moosey
* moose yard
* mooseyness
* northwestern moose (Alces americanus andersoni)
* Shiras moose (Alces americanus shirasi)
* spirit moose
* stag moose

##### Descendants

* → Irish: mús
* → Khmer: មូហ្ស (muuhsɑɑ)
* → Korean: 무스 (museu)
* → Persian: موس (mus)
** → Arabic: مُوظ (mūẓ)
* → Thai: มูส (múus)
** Thai: กวางมูส (gwaang-múus)
* → Welsh: mws

##### See also

* moose on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese むすめ (“daughter”).

#### Noun

moose
* (US, military, slang) An Asian girl taken as a lover.
** 2005, Rupert Nelson, Like the Rings of a Tree, page 279:In military bases in the rear areas it was common for soldiers to have a moose.
** 2011, Michael Cullen Green, Black Yanks in the Pacific, page 75:Even the lowest ranked serviceman, because of his salary, benefits, and status as an American occupationaire, could afford to “maintain a ‘Moose’ and still take care of his other obligations.”

### References

* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “moose”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* ↑ “moose”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.

## Ojibwe
### Noun

moose (plural mooseg)
* worm
* caterpillar

## Scots
### Etymology

From Middle English mous.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mus]

### Noun

moose (plural mice)
* mouse
# Belgän
## Volapük
### Etymology

Belg +‎ -än

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bel.ˈɡɛn]
* Hyphenation: Bel‧gän

### Proper noun

Belgän
* Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

#### Derived terms

* Belgänan
* Belgänik
* Fransänapük Belgäna (“Begium French, français de Belgique”)
* Fransänapük Belgänik (“Belgian French, français belge, Belgisch-Frans”)
* Nedänapük Belgäna (“Belgium Dutch, néerlandais de Belgique”)
* Nedänapük Belgänik (“Belgian Dutch, Belgisch-Nederlands, néerlandais belge”)
# ponieważ
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* poniewadz, poniewadż (Middle Polish)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Silesian pōniywŏż, from Czech poněvadž. First attested in the 16th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔˈɲɛ.vaʂ/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /pɔˈɲɛ.vaʂ/, /pɔˈɲe.vaʂ/, /pɔˈɲɛ.vɒʂ/, /pɔˈɲe.vɒʂ/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛvaʂ
* Syllabification: po‧nie‧waż
* Homophone: Ponieważ

### Conjunction

ponieważ
* (somewhat literary) because, for
    Synonyms: albowiem, bo, bowiem, dlatego że, gdyż, jako że

#### Usage notes

This conjunction comments on entire subject-verb structures and is used more often in formal style and less in speech than other synonymous conjunctions.
If an utterance begins with ponieważ, the second sentence can be introduced with to, więc, or zatem.

### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ponieważ is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 53 times in scientific texts, 20 times in news, 29 times in essays, 22 times in fiction, and 11 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 135 times, making it the 445th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### References

* ↑ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “ponieważ”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), volume 2, →ISBN, page 696: “bohemizm ohydny, szerzący się od XVI-2 (jak wszystkie wówczas bohemizmy) ze Śląska, o czym Mączyński (1564): gdyż, niektórzy z czeskiego mówią poniewasz, por. u ślązaka Adama Gdaka-Gdacjusza w „Postylli” 1650 ponieważ//poniewadż”
* ↑ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ponieważ”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “ponieważ”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 403

### Further reading

* ponieważ in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ponieważ in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* “PONIEWAŻ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2019 May 21
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ponieważ”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ponieważ”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “ponieważ”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 595
# cozudu
## Sardinian
### Alternative forms

* colludu (Campidanese)

### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *coleūtus, derived from Latin cōleus (“testicle”). By surface analysis, coza +‎ -udu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koˈd͡zudu/

### Adjective

cozudu (feminine singular cozuda, masculine plural cozudos, feminine plural cozudas) (Logudorese)
* uncastrated

#### Related terms

* coza
* cozone

#### Descendants

* →? Italian: cogliuto

### References

* Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) “cogliuto”, in Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes
# ntsej
## White Hmong
### Alternative forms

* ntseg (under tone sandhi)

### Etymology

From Proto-Hmong-Mien *mbræu (“ear”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ᶯd͡ʐe˥˧/

### Noun

ntsej
* ear

#### Derived terms

* ntsej muag (“face”)
* pob ntseg (“outer ear”)
* qhov ntsej (“ear canal”)
* taub ntseg (“earlobe”, literally “squash-ear”)

### References

* Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎, SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 199.
* ↑ Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN, page 202; 279.
# Seara
## Azerbaijani
### Proper noun

Seara
* Ceará (a state of the Northeast Region, Brazil; capital: Fortaleza)

#### Declension
## Kazakh

Alternative scripts :
| Arabic | سەارا |
| Cyrillic | Сеара |
| Latin | Seara |

### Proper noun

Seara
* Latin spelling of Сеара (Seara, “Ceará”)

## Latvian
### Proper noun

Seara f (4th declension)
* Ceará (a state of the Northeast Region, Brazil; capital: Fortaleza)

#### Declension
## Lithuanian
### Proper noun

Seara f
* Ceará (a state of the Northeast Region, Brazil; capital: Fortaleza)

#### Declension
## Portuguese
### Proper noun

Seara
* A municipality of Santa Catarina, Brazil

## Uzbek

Other scripts :
| Yangi Imlo | |
| Cyrillic | Сеара‍ |
| Latin | Seara‍ |
| Perso-Arabic (Afghanistan) | |

### Proper noun

Seara
* Ceará (a state of the Northeast Region, Brazil; capital: Fortaleza)
# 十三經
## Chinese

* 十三经 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 十三經 (Cantonese)
* Si̍p-sam-keng (Southern Min)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Shísānjīng
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sap$^6$ saam$^1$ ging$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Si̍p-sam-keng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Shísānjīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Shíhsanjing
*** Wade–Giles: Shih$^2$-san$^1$-ching$^1$
*** Yale: Shŕ-sān-jīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shyrsanjing
*** Palladius: Шисаньцзин (Šisanʹczin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩³⁵ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sap$^6$ saam$^1$ ging$^1$
*** Yale: sahp sāam gīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sap$^9$ saam$^1$ ging$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seb$^6$ sam$^1$ ging$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐp̚² saːm⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Si̍p-sam-keng
*** Tâi-lô: Si̍p-sam-king
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sibsamkefng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sip̚⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sip̚²⁴⁻² sam³³ kiɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ sam⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sip̚⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sip̚⁴⁻³² sam⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

### Proper noun

十三經
* (Confucianism) the Thirteen Classics (thirteen classics of Confucian tradition)

#### Derived terms

* 十三經註疏 / 十三经注疏

### See also

* 儒藏 (rúzàng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 十 | 三 | 經 |
| じゅう Grade: 1 | さん Grade: 1 | きょう > ぎょう Hyōgai |
| on'yomi |||
For pronunciation and definitions of 十三經 – see the following entry. :
| 【十三経じゅうさんぎょう】 | [proper noun] (Confucianism) the Thirteen Classics (thirteen classics of Confucian tradition) |
(This term, 十三經, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 十 | 三 | 經 |

### Proper noun

十三經 • (Sipsamgyeong) (hangeul 십삼경)
* hanja form of 십삼경 (“Thirteen Classics”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 十 | 三 | 經 |

### Proper noun

十三經
* chữ Hán form of Thập tam kinh (“Thirteen Classics”).
# густ
## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gǫstъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡust]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: густ

### Adjective

густ • (gust) (comparative погуст, superlative најгуст, adverb густо, abstract noun густина)
* thick, dense, viscous (having a viscous consistency)

#### Related terms

* густеж m (gustež)
* згуснатост f (zgusnatost)
* згусне pf (zgusne)
* згуснува impf (zgusnuva)
* згустеност f (zgustenost)
* згусти pf (zgusti)
* згустува impf (zgustuva)

## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡust]

### Adjective

густ • (gust)
* short masculine singular of густо́й (gustój)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gǫstъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡûːst/

### Adjective

гу̑ст (Latin spelling gȗst, definite гу̑стӣ, comparative гу̏шћӣ)
* dense
# દિવેલ
## Gujarati
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit *दीपतैल (dīpataila), from दीप (dīpa, “lamp”) +‎ तैल (taila, “oil”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈd̪i.ʋeːl/
* Rhymes: -eːl

### Noun

દિવેલ • (divel) n
* castor oil, a vegetable oil extracted from the castor bean; used to light diyas

#### Related terms

* દિવેલી (divelī, “castor bean”)
* દિવેલો (divelo, “Ricinus”)

### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dīpataila”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# antraipeolaíocht
## Irish
### Etymology

From antrap- +‎ eolaíocht.

### Noun

antraipeolaíocht f (genitive singular antraipeolaíochta)
* anthropology

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
antraipeolaíocht
vocative
a antraipeolaíocht
genitive
antraipeolaíochta
dative
antraipeolaíocht
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an antraipeolaíocht
genitive
na hantraipeolaíochta
dative
leis an antraipeolaíocht don antraipeolaíocht :

#### Derived terms

* antraipeolaíocht chultúrtha (“cultural anthropology”)
* antraipeolaíocht fhisiceach (“physical anthropology”)
* antraipeolaíocht shóisialta (“social anthropology”)

#### Related terms

* antraipeolaí (“anthropologist”)
* antraipeolaíoch (“anthropological”, adjective)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “antraipeolaíocht”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* “anthropology”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
# بوقاغی
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bukagu (“fetters, chain, string”); cognate with Azerbaijani buxov, Bashkir бығау (bığaw), Chuvash пӑхав (păh̬av), Kazakh бұғау (būğau), Uzbek boʻgʻov and Yakut бакаайы (bakaayı).

### Noun

بوقاغی • (bukağı)
* fetter, gyve, a chain used to bind the legs of a person
    Synonym: زنجیر (zincir)
* hobble, a short strap tied between the legs of horses
    Synonym: كوستك (köstek)

#### Derived terms

* بوقاغیلتمق (bukağılatmak, “to make or let be fettered”)
* بوقاغیلق (bukağılık, “pastern”)
* بوقاغیلمق (bukağılamak, “to fetter”)
* بوقاغیلنمق (bukağılanmak, “to be fettered”)
* بوقاغیلو (bukağılı, “furnished with a fetter”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: bukağı
* → Bulgarian: букаи́ (bukaí)
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: бука̀гије
    Latin script: bukàgije

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bukağı”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 689
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “بوقاغی”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 133b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بوقاغی”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 290
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Compes”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 219
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “بوقاغی”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 933
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “bukağı”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بوقاغی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 405
# प्रशंसा
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रशंसा (praśaṃsā).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pɾə.ʃən.sɑː/, [pɾɐ.ʃɐ̃n.säː]

### Noun

प्रशंसा • (praśansā) f (Urdu spelling پرشنسا)
* praise, approval, commendation
    Synonym: तारीफ़ (tārīf)

#### Related terms

* प्रशंसक (praśansak)
* प्रशंसन (praśansan)
* प्रशंसनीय (praśansnīya)
* प्रशंसित (praśansit)
* प्रशंसी (praśansī)

### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “प्रशंसा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 665

## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रशंसा (praśaṃsā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɾəɕ.əu.sa/

### Noun

प्रशंसा • (praśausā) f
* appreciation, praise
    Synonym: कौतुक (kautuk)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* প্ৰশংসা (Assamese script)
* ᬧ᭄ᬭᬰᬂᬲᬵ (Balinese script)
* প্রশংসা (Bengali script)
* 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰫𑰽𑰭𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀰𑀁𑀲𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* ပြၐံသာ (Burmese script)
* પ્રશંસા (Gujarati script)
* ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਂਸਾ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌶𑌂𑌸𑌾 (Grantha script)
* ꦥꦿꦯꦁꦱꦴ (Javanese script)
* 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂬𑂁𑂮𑂰 (Kaithi script)
* ಪ್ರಶಂಸಾ (Kannada script)
* ប្រឝំសា (Khmer script)
* ປ຺ຣຨໍສາ (Lao script)
* പ്രശംസാ (Malayalam script)
* ᢒᡵᠠᢀ᠋ᡧᠠᠰ᠌ᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
* 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘫𑘽𑘭𑘰 (Modi script)
* ᢒᠷᠠ᠋ᢀ᠋ᠱᠠᠰᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑧋𑧞𑧍𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐱𑑄𑐳𑐵 (Newa script)
* ପ୍ରଶଂସା (Odia script)
* ꢦ꣄ꢬꢯꢀꢱꢵ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆯𑆁𑆱𑆳 (Sharada script)
* 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖫𑖽𑖭𑖯 (Siddham script)
* ප්‍රශංසා (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩿𑪖𑪁𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚧𑚫𑚨𑚭 (Takri script)
* ப்ரஶஂஸா (Tamil script)
* ప్రశంసా (Telugu script)
* ปฺรศํสา (Thai script)
* པྲ་ཤཾ་སཱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒬𑓀𑒮𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨮𑨸𑨰𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

प्र- (pra-) +‎ शंस् (śaṃs) +‎ -आ (-ā), ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱens-.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /pɾɐ.ɕɐ̃.sɑː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /pɾɐˈɕɐ̃.s̪ɑː/

### Noun

प्रशंसा • (praśaṃsā) stem, f (root प्रशंस्)
* praise, commendation, fame, glory (with Buddhists one of the 8 worldly conditions)
** Dharmas
** c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

#### Declension
### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “प्रशंसा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 694.

### Further reading

* Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “praśaṃsā”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
# fantaziar
## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from English fancy, French fantaisie, German Phantasie, Italian fantasticare, Spanish fantasear, Russian фанта́зия (fantázija).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fantaˈziar/

### Verb

fantaziar (present tense fantazias, past tense fantaziis, future tense fantazios, imperative fantaziez, conditional fantazius)
* (transitive) to have a fancy for (someone or something), to have an idea, an inclination (to do something)

#### Derived terms

* fantaziajo (“a fancy article”)
* fantaziala kostumo (“fancy dress”)
* fantaziala, fantaziema (“fanciful”)
* fantaziemo (“a fanciful person, a crank”)
* fantazieto (“whim, crochet”)
* fantazio (“fancy”)

### See also

* imaginar (“to imagine”)
# angwusi
## Hopi
### Noun

angwusi (plural aʼangwust)
* raven, crow (any bird of the genus Corvus)

#### Derived terms

* Angwushahayʼi
* angwushomasa
* angwushoya
* Angwuskatsina
* angwusmasa
* Angwusnasomtaqa
* Angwusngöntaqa
* Angwuspa, Angwusva
* angwuswungwa

### References

* Albert, Roy, Shaul, David Leedom (1985) A Concise Hopi and English Lexicon, John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 15
* Hopi Dictionary Project, The (1998) Hopi Dictionary: Hopìikwa Lavàytutuveni: A Hopi Dictionary of the Third Mesa Dialect with an English-Hopi Finder List and a Sketch of Hopi Grammar, Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, page 28
# चालू
## Hindi
### Etymology

From चलना (calnā). Cognate with Marathi चालू (ċālū).

### Adjective

चालू • (cālū) (indeclinable)
* working, running, processing
* used, applied

### Noun

चालू • (cālū) m
* (slang) smartass

#### Derived terms

* चालू करना (cālū karnā)

## Marathi
### Etymology

From चालणे (ċālṇe, “to walk”). Cognate with Hindi चालू (cālū).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sa.lu/, [t͡sa.luː]

### Adjective

चालू • (ċālū)
* working, running, processing
    Synonym: सुरू (surū)
* (machines) on
    Antonym: बंद (banda)

#### Derived terms

* चालू असणे (ċālū asṇe, “to be in running, processing”)
* चालू करणे (ċālū karṇe, “to start, to make a machine on”)