# pest
## English
### Etymology

In the 16th century in the sense of "pestilence" and specifically bubonic plague from Middle French peste (“pestilence”) (whence French peste). The other meanings are recorded soon after. Ultimately from Latin pestis.

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) IPA: /pɛst/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛst

### Noun

pest (plural pests)
* (now rare) A pestilence, i.e. a deadly epidemic, a deadly plague.
** 2020 March 24, Qing Zhu, Zhang Ming, “Amid Coronavirus Pandemic, China Faces Plague of Locusts”, in Minghui‎:From the perspective of traditional Chinese culture, pests and famines are reflections of the current administration’s lack of moral values and deviation from divine will. The head of the administration (the emperor in the past) would then issue an edict to sincerely repent and correct his wrongdoings.
* Any destructive insect that attacks crops or livestock; an agricultural pest.
* An annoying person, a nuisance.
* An animal regarded as a nuisance, destructive, or a parasite, vermin.
* An invasive weed.

#### Synonyms

* (creature): bug

#### Derived terms

* building and pest
* chicken pest
* fowl pest
* garden pest
* integrated pest management
* pest control
* pest controller
* serial pest
* sex pest
* tin pest

#### Related terms

* pester
* pesting
* pesthole
* pesthouse
* pesticidal, pesticide
* pestiferous
* pestilence, pestilent, pestilential

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* EPTs, ESTP, PETs, STEP, Sept, Sept., TPEs, Teps, pets, sept, sept-, spet, step, step-

## Danish
### Etymology

From French peste, from Latin pestis (“disease, plague, pest, destruction”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɛst/, [pʰɛsd̥]

### Noun

pest c (uncountable, singular definite pesten)
* (pathology) plague
* (figuratively) pestilence

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛst

### Noun

pest f (uncountable)
* a plague, pest, pestilence
* a specific bovine plague
* an obnoxious person

#### Derived terms

* als de pest
* builenpest
* koeienpest
* pestbacil
* pestblaar
* pestbos
* pestbuil
* pesten
* pestepidemie
* pester
* pesterij
* pestgeval
* pestgezwel
* pesthaard
* pesthekel
* pesthol
* pesthuis
* pestilent
* pestkop
* pestlijder
* pestlucht
* pestvent
* pestvogel
* pestziek
* varkenspest
* vogelpest

#### Descendants

* Negerhollands: pest
* → Indonesian: pes
* → Japanese: ペスト (pesuto)
* → Papiamentu: peste

### Verb

pest
* inflection of pesten:
** first/second/third-person singular present indicative
** imperative

### References

* M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

## Northern Kurdish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɛst/

### Noun

pest f (Arabic spelling پەست)
* pressure, oppression

### References

* Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “pest”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 442

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Latin pestis.

### Noun

pest f or m (definite singular pesta or pesten, indefinite plural pester, definite plural pestene)
* a plague
    sky (noe/noen) som pesten - avoid (something/someone) like the plague
    velge mellom pest og kolera - choose the lesser of two evils

#### Derived terms

* byllepest
* forpeste
* pestepidemi

### References

* “pest” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Latin pestis.

### Noun

pest m (definite singular pesten, indefinite plural pestar, definite plural pestane)
pest f (definite singular pesta, indefinite plural pester, definite plural pestene)
* a plague
    sky (noko/nokon) som pesten - avoid (something/someone) like the plague
    velje mellom pest og kolera - choose the lesser of two evils

#### Derived terms

* byllepest
* forpeste
* harepest
* musepest
* pestepidemi
* Pesta (“humanoid personification of the plague”)
* tinnpest

### References

* “pest” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pęstь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pêːst/

### Noun

pȇst f (Cyrillic spelling пе̑ст)
* (regional, literary) fist

#### Declension
## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *pęstь. Cognate with Serbo-Croatian пест, pest, Slovak päsť, Russian пясть (pjastʹ, “middle part of the hand”) and запя́стье (zapjástʹje), dialectal Bulgarian (Western dialects) пестник (pestnik), песник (pesnik), пестница (pestnica). Compare Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ), English fist, German Faust.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /péːst/

### Noun

pẹ̑st f
* (anatomy) fist

#### Derived terms

* pésten

## Swedish
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin pestis.

### Noun

pest c
* A plague
* A pest; something deeply annoying

#### Derived terms

* blodpest
* böldpest
* lungpest
* pest och pina
* sky som pesten
* välja mellan pest och kolera

### References

* pest in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* pest in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* pest in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

## Tocharian B
### Particle

pest
* a perfectivizing particle used with verbs