# क्रिया
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्रिया (kriyā́).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /kɾɪ.jɑː/, [kɾi.jäː]

### Noun

क्रिया • (kriyā) f (Urdu spelling کریا)
* (grammar) verb
* doing, performance
* action, act, deed
* undertaking
* business
* use
* work, labour; literary work
* medical treatment or practice
* religious act or ceremony, pious act, a duty
* obsequies
* oath

#### Derived terms

* क्रियाशील (kriyāśīl)

### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “क्रिया”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Platts, John T. (1884) “क्रिया”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्रिया (kriyā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɾi.ja/

### Noun

क्रिया • (kriyā) f
* action, activity, act
* process
    Synonym: प्रक्रिया (prakriyā)
* doing
* deed
    Synonym: कर्म (karma)
* religious rite

#### Derived terms

* अभिक्रिया (abhikriyā, “reaction”) (chemistry)
* क्रियापद (kriyāpad, “verb”)
* क्रियाविशेषण (kriyāviśeṣaṇ, “adverb”)
* क्रियाशील (kriyāśīl, “active”)
* प्रतिक्रिया (pratikriyā, “reaction”)
* शस्त्रक्रिया (śastrakriyā, “surgery, operation”)

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “क्रिया”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “क्रिया”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “क्रिया”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “क्रिया”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ক্ৰিয়া (Assamese script)
* ᬓ᭄ᬭᬶᬬᬵ (Balinese script)
* ক্রিয়া (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰿𑰨𑰰𑰧𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑁆𑀭𑀺𑀬𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* ကြိယာ (Burmese script)
* ક્રિયા (Gujarati script)
* ਕ੍ਰਿਯਾ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑍍𑌰𑌿𑌯𑌾 (Grantha script)
* ꦏꦿꦶꦪꦴ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂹𑂩𑂱𑂨𑂰 (Kaithi script)
* ಕ್ರಿಯಾ (Kannada script)
* ក្រិយា (Khmer script)
* ກ຺ຣິຍາ (Lao script)
* ക്രിയാ (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᡵᡳᠶᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘿𑘨𑘱𑘧𑘰 (Modi script)
* ᢉᠷᠢᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧠𑧈𑧒𑧇𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑑂𑐬𑐶𑐫𑐵 (Newa script)
* କ୍ରିଯା (Odia script)
* ꢒ꣄ꢬꢶꢫꢵ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑇀𑆫𑆴𑆪𑆳 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖿𑖨𑖰𑖧𑖯 (Siddham script)
* ක්‍රියා (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜 𑪙𑩼𑩑𑩻𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚶𑚤𑚮𑚣𑚭 (Takri script)
* க்ரியா (Tamil script)
* క్రియా (Telugu script)
* กฺริยา (Thai script)
* ཀྲི་ཡཱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑓂𑒩𑒱𑒨𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑩇𑨫𑨁𑨪𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Compound of क्रिय् (kriy) +‎ आ (ā), in which क्रिय् (kriy) is a Back-formation from क्रियते (kriyate), passive of कृ (kṛ).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /kɾi.jɑ́ː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈkɾi.jɑː/

### Noun

क्रिया • (kriyā́) stem, f
* doing, performing, performance, occupation with (in compounds), business, act, action, undertaking, activity, work, labour
* (grammar) action (as the general idea expressed by any verb), verb
    सकर्मक्रिया (sakarmakriyā) — "active" verb
    अकर्मक्रिया (akarmakriyā) — intransitive verb
* a religious rite or ceremony, sacrificial act, sacrifice
* religious action, worship
* (Hinduism) Kriyā, (personified as a daughter of Daksha and wife of Dharma; or as a daughter of Kardama and wife of Kratu)
* atonement
* disquisition
* study
* means, expedient

#### Descendants

* → Assamese: ক্ৰিয়া (kria)
* → English: Kriya, kriya
* → Burmese: ကြိယာ (kri.ya)
* → Hindi: क्रिया (kriyā)
* → Javanese: ꦏꦿꦶꦪ (kriya)
* → Khmer: កិរិយា (keriyaa)
* → Marathi: क्रिया (kriyā)
* → Nepali: क्रिया (kriyā)
* → Punjabi: ਕਿਰਿਆ (kiriā)
* → Sinhalese: ක්‍රියාව (kriyāwa)
* → Tamil: கிரியை (kiriyai)
* → Telugu: క్రియ (kriya)
* → Thai: กริยา (grì-yaa)
* → Urdu: کریا (kryā)

### References

* “क्रिया” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 137.
* Monier Williams (1899) “क्रिया”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0320.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “क्रिया”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 076
* Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 257