# دنیا
## Central Kurdish
### Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

### Noun

دنیا (dinya)
* world
    Synonym: جیھان (cîhan)

## Laki
### Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

### Noun

دنیا (dinya)
* world

## Old Anatolian Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian دنیا, from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

### Noun

دُنْیَا (dünyā)
* world, universe
* realm, plane of existence

#### Descendants

* Azerbaijani: dünya
* Gagauz: dünnää
* Ottoman Turkish: دنیا (dünya), տիւնեա (dünya) — Armeno-Turkish
** Turkish: dünya
** → Crimean Tatar: dünya
** → Abkhaz: адунеи (adunej)
** → Albanian: dynja
** → Armenian: դունյա (dunya)
** → Bulgarian: дюня́ (djunjá), дуня́ (dunjá)
** → Laz: დუნჲა (dunya)
** → Macedonian: дуња (dunja)
** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ду̏ња
    Latin script: dȕnja
** → Greek: ντουνιάς (ntouniás)

### References

* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “dünya”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* Boeschoten, Hendrik (2022) “dunya”, in A Dictionary of Early Middle Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.169), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 124

## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* տիւնեա (dünya) — Armeno-Turkish

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish دُنْیَا (dünyā), ultimately from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

### Noun

دنیا • (dünyâ)
* world
* kingdom

#### Derived terms

* اسكی دنیا (Eski Dünyâ)
* یكی دنیا (Yeñi Dünyâ)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: dünya
* → Crimean Tatar: dünya
* → Abkhaz: адунеи (adunej)
* → Albanian: dynja
* → Armenian: դունյա (dunya)
* → Bulgarian: дюня́ (djunjá), дуня́ (dunjá)
* → Laz: დუნჲა (dunya)
* → Macedonian: дуња (dunja)
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ду̏ња
    Latin script: dȕnja
* → Greek: ντουνιάς (ntouniás)

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “dünya”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [dun.jɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ʊɲ.jɑː], [d̪ʊ.ni.jɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ʊɲ.jɑː], [d̪ʊ.ni.jɑː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪ʊɲ.jɑː], [d̪ʊ.ni.jɑː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪uɲ.jɔː], [d̪u.ni.jɔː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪oɲ.jɒː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪uɲ.jɔ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

| Dari | دنیا |
| Iranian Persian | دنیا |
| Tajik | дунё |
دُنْیا • (donyâ)
* world
    Synonym: جهان (jahân)

#### Derived terms

* دنیوی (donyavi)

#### Descendants

* Dari: دنیا (dunyā)
* Iranian Persian: دنیا (donyâ)
* Tajik: дунё (dunyo)
* → Adyghe: дунае (dunaje)
* → Bashkir: донъя (donya)
* → Bengali: দুনিয়া (duniẏa)
* → Central Kurdish: دنیا (dinya)
* → Chagatai:
** Uyghur: دۇنيا (dunya)
** Uzbek: dunyo
* → Dhivehi: ދުނިޔެ (duniye)
* → Dongxiang: duya, dunya
* → Georgian: დუნია (dunia)
* → Kazakh: дүние (dünie)
* → Kumyk: дюнья (dünʹya)
* → Kyrgyz: дүйнө (düynö)
* → Lishana Deni: דונייה (dunye)
* → Marathi: दुनिया (duniyā)
* → Nogai: дуныя (dunıya)
* → Old Anatolian Turkish: دُنْیَا (dünyā)
** Azerbaijani: dünya
** Gagauz: dünnää
** Ottoman Turkish: دنیا (dünya) (see there for further descendants)
* → Old Gujarati:
** Gujarati: દુનિયા (duniyā)
** Marwari: दुनियांण (duniyā̃ṇ)
* → Old Hindi:
    Hindi: दुनिया (duniyā)
*** Fiji Hindi: dunia
    Urdu: دُنْیا (dunyā), دُنِیا (duniyā)
* → Nepali: दुनिया (duniyā)
* → Pashto: دنيا (dunyā)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਦੁਨੀਆ (dunīā)
    Shahmukhi script: دنیا (dunīā)
* → Siberian Tatar: тонйа (tonya)
* → Tatar: дөнья (dön’ya)
* → Tausug: dunya
* → Turkmen: dünýä

## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā). First attested as Old Punjabi دُنی (dunī).

### Noun

دُنیا • (dunīā) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਦੁਨੀਆ)
* world

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian دُنْیَا (dunyā), borrowed from Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā). First attested in c. 1435 as Middle Hindi دنیا (dnya).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /d̪ʊn.jɑː/, /d̪ʊ.nɪ.jɑː/
* Audio (Pakistan):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː
* Hyphenation: دُن‧یا

### Noun

دُنْیا • (dunyā) f (Hindi spelling दुनिया)
* world
* (by extension) universe
* (by extension) Earth
* existence, current life (as opposed to the hereafter)
* society, all people, everyone (in this world)
* (by extension) worldliness (as opposed to spiritual matters)
* kingdom
* pleasures of life, enjoyment

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Platts, John T. (1884) “دنيا”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 529
* ↑ S. W. Fallon (1879) “دنيا”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
* ↑ “دنیا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

### Further reading

* “دنیا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “دنيا”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]