# 蔑

| 蔑 | U+8511, &#34065; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8511 |
| ← 蔐 [U+8510] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蔒 → [U+8512] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蔑 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+11, 15 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 14 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿田中戈 (TWLI), four-corner 4425$_3$, composition ⿱𦭝戍 or ⿳艹罒戍)

#### Antonyms

* 尊

#### Derived characters

* 㒝 𡃙 幭 瀎 懱 㩢 𣋻 櫗 䁾 礣 襪 䌩 蠛 衊 鑖 䩏 韈 韤 䯦 𩴾 鱴 𪇴 𩆪 𤻻

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1054, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31781
* Dae Jaweon: page 1516, character 26
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3279, character 8
* Unihan data for U+8511

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 蔑 :
| Shang | Western Zhou |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions |
| | Old Chinese |
| 礣 | *mreːd |
| 蔑 | *meːd, *meːd |
| 篾 | *meːd |
| 蠛 | *meːd |
| 懱 | *meːd |
| 幭 | *meːd |
| 鱴 | *meːd |
| 衊 | *meːd |
| 瀎 | *meːd, *maːd |
| 襪 | *mad |
| 韤 | *mad |
| 韈 | *mad |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 𦰋 (“person”) + 戈 (“dagger-axe”) – a weapon striking a person's lower leg.
𦰋 (“person”) was composed of an eye with eyebrows (now written 眉) on top of 人. The eye and eyebrows are written ⿱艹罒 in the modern form of 蔑, and 人 has combined with 戈 to form 戍.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): miè (mie$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mit$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bia̍t
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: miè
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: miè
*** Wade–Giles: mieh$^4$
*** Yale: myè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mieh
*** Palladius: ме (me)
*** Sinological IPA : /mi̯ɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mit$^6$
*** Yale: miht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mit$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /miːt̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: bia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: biat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /biɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /biɛt̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /biɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɛt̚⁴/
* Middle Chinese: met
Rime :
| Character | 蔑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 屑 (87) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 莫結切 |
| Baxter | met |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /met̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /met̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mɛt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mɛt̚/ |
| Li Rong | /met̚/ |
| Wang Li | /miet̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /miet̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | miè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mit$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤet/
    (Zhengzhang): /*meːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 蔑 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | miè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ met › |
| Old Chinese | /*mˁet/ |
| English | destroy; not have |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蔑 | 蔑 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 9116 | 9118 |
| Phonetic component | 蔑 | 蔑 |
| Rime group | 月 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 蔑 | 蔑 |
| Old Chinese | /*meːd/ | /*meːd/ |
| Notes | 金文從伐𥄕聲或眉聲， 兼殺滅伐功義 | |

#### Definitions

蔑
* to belittle; to disdain; to despise
* to extinguish; to obliterate
* to discard
* slight; small; lowly
* nothing; none
* (of the eye) red and swollen, making one unable to see clearly

##### Synonyms

* 藐 (miǎo)
* 鄙 (bǐ)

#### Compounds

* 侮蔑 (wǔmiè)
* 吉蔑 (Jímiè)
* 方斯蔑如
* 毀廉蔑恥 / 毁廉蔑耻
* 污蔑 (wūmiè)
* 蔑如
* 蔑棄 / 蔑弃
* 蔑視 / 蔑视 (mièshì)
* 蔑蒙
* 誣蔑 / 诬蔑 (wūmiè)
* 輕蔑 / 轻蔑 (qīngmiè)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 蔑 – see 衊 (“dirty blood; to smear; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 衊).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### References

* “蔑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* nothing
* to ignore
* to belittle, to despise

#### Readings

* Go-on: めち (mechi)
* Kan-on: べつ (betsu, Jōyō)
* Kun: さげすむ (sagesumu, 蔑む, Jōyō)、ないがしろ (naigashiro, 蔑ろ)、なみする (namisuru, 蔑する)、ない (nai)

#### Compounds

* 軽蔑(けいべつ) (keibetsu)
* 蔑称(べっしょう) (besshō)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 蔑 (MC met).
Recorded as Middle Korean 며ᇙ〮 (Yale: myelq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 멸〮 (myél) (Yale: myel) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 蔑 (eumhun 업신여길 멸 (eopsinyeogil myeol))
* hanja form of 멸 (“to belittle; to despise”)

#### Compounds

* 경멸 (輕蔑, gyeongmyeol)
* 능멸 (凌蔑, neungmyeol)
* 능멸 (陵蔑, neungmyeol)
* 만멸 (慢蔑, manmyeol)
* 멸대 (蔑待, myeoldae)
* 멸략 (蔑略, myeollyak)
* 멸법 (蔑法, myeolbeop)
* 멸시 (蔑視, myeolsi)
* 멸의 (蔑義, myeorui)
* 멸칭 (蔑稱, myeolching)
* 모멸 (侮蔑, momyeol)
* 자멸 (自蔑, jamyeol)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

蔑: Hán Nôm readings: miệt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* miệt thị (蔑視)