# aj
## Arin
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Yeniseian *axʷ (“I”). Compare Kott ai (“I”) and Pumpokol ad (“I”). Also see Assan aj.

### Pronoun

aj
* I (first-person singular subjective)
    Synonym: ä

#### Related terms

* aiŋ

## Assan
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Yeniseian *axʷ (“I”). Compare Kott ai (“I”) and Pumpokol ad (“I”). Also see Arin aj.

### Pronoun

aj
* I (first-person singular subjective)
    Synonym: ja

#### Related terms

* ajun

## Czech
### Alternative forms

* aji

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈaj]

### Conjunction

aj
* (dialect, Moravia) and (also), and even
* (dialect, Moravia) even (implying an extreme example, used at the beginning of sentences)

#### Synonyms

* (standard Czech) i

### Interjection

aj
* (literary, obsolete) oh; lo, behold
** 1593, “Genesis 1:31”, in Bible kralická [Kralice Bible]:A viděl Bůh vše, což učinil, a aj, bylo velmi dobré.And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good.

### Further reading

* “aj”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “aj”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Drehu
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑð/

### Verb

aj
* to swim

### References

* Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983) Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.
* Leenhardt, M. (1946) Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

## Epigraphic Mayan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔɑχ/

### Noun

aj
* person, man
* neutral or male prefix, mister

#### Related terms

* ajaw

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Interjection

aj
* ow! ouch! oh dear! expression of pain, (unpleasant) surprise, etc.

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɒj]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒj

### Etymology 1

From a spontaneous burst of sound.

#### Interjection

aj
* oh
** 1932, Attila József, Medvetánc (Bear Dance), poem, lines 1–2,
    Fürtös, láncos, táncos, nyalka, aj de szép a kerek talpa!(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Uralic *aŋe.

#### Noun

aj
* (obsolete) opening

##### Derived terms

* ajak
* ajóka
* ajt

### References

* ↑ aj in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
* ↑ Entry #17 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
* ↑ aj in Czuczor, Gergely and János Fogarasi: A magyar nyelv szótára (“A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874.

### Further reading

* (oh): aj in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* aj in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Kalasha
### Adjective

aj
* this, this present, this current.
    aj bason.This spring.

## Kaqchikel
### Alternative forms

* aꜧ (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *aaj.

### Noun

aj
* cane
* firework

#### Derived terms

* Aj

### References

* anonymous author (17th c.) Uocabulario copioso de las lenguas cakchikel y ꜭiche‎ (in Spanish), page 8: “Aꜧ caña.”
* Brown, R. McKenna, Maxwell, Judith M., Little, Walter E. (2006) ¿La ütz awäch? Introduction to Kaqchikel Maya Language, Austin: University of Texas Press, page 204
* Ruyán Canú, Déborah, Coyote Tum, Rafael, Munson L., Jo Ann (1991) Diccionario cakchiquel central y español‎ (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano de Centroamérica, page 2

## Lombard
### Alternative forms

* ai (Scriver lombard)

### Etymology

From Latin alium.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaj/

### Noun

aj m
* garlic

## Lule Sami
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Adverb

aj
* also, too

#### Further reading

* Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

## Marshallese
### Etymology

From Proto-Micronesian *ate, from Proto-Oceanic *qate, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatay, from Proto-Austronesian *qaCay. Cognate with Paiwan qatsay, Malay hati, Javanese ati, Tagalog atay, Fijian yate.

### Pronunciation

* (phonetic) IPA: [ɑtʲ]
* (phonemic) IPA: /ɰætʲ/
* Bender phonemes: {haj}

### Noun

aj
* liver
* spleen

### References

* Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

## Northern Kurdish

| Central Kurdish | وەچ (weç) |

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑːʒ/

### Noun

aj f (Arabic spelling ئاژ)
* sprout, sucker, bud
    Synonyms: bişkoj, gupik, terh, zîl

#### Derived terms

* aj dan

#### Related terms

* ajda

### References

* Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “aj”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 4

## Old Polish
### Etymology

Natural expression. First attested in the 14th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /aj/
* IPA: (15th CE) /aj/

### Interjection

aj
* (attested in Lesser Poland) oh!, whoa! (used as a reaction to an unexpected and unpleasant event or sensation)
** 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 39, 21:Noscze richlo ganbø swoiø, giszto molwø mne: ay ey (ferant confestim confusionem suam, qui dicunt mihi: euge, euge)![Noście rychło gańbę swoję, jiż to mołwią mnie: Aj! Ej (ferant confestim confusionem suam, qui dicunt mihi: euge, euge)!]

#### Descendants

* Polish: aj
* Silesian: aj

### References

* Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “aj”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “aj”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

## Piedmontese
### Etymology

From Latin alium.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaj/

### Noun

aj m
* garlic

## Pite Sami
### Etymology

Cognates include Lule Sami aj.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aj/

### Adverb

aj
* also, too

#### References

* Joshua Wilbur (2014) A grammar of Pite Saami, Berlin: Language Science Press

## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish aj.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaj/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈaj/
* (Masovia):
** (Warmia) IPA: /ˈaj/
** (Masuria) IPA: /ˈaj/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aj
* Syllabification: aj

### Interjection

aj
* oh!, whoa! (used as a reaction to an unexpected and unpleasant event or sensation)

### Particle

aj
* (Masuria, expressive) Introduces a clause; also

#### See also

* ajaj, aj-aj, ajajaj, aj-waj, aj waj

### Further reading

* aj in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* aj in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Krystyna Siekierska (02.05.2008) “AJ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “aj”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 1, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 115

## Pumpokol
### Etymology

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔej (“tongue”). Compare Kott ei (“voice, sound”).

### Noun

aj
* tongue

## Q'eqchi
### Article

aj
* personal article used before masculine given names
    aj Mek ― Miguel

### Prefix

aj
* forms demonyms from names of places
    ‎aj + ‎Watemaal (“Guatemala”) → ‎aj Watemaal (“Guatemalan”)
* forms agent nouns from verbs
    ‎aj + ‎elq'ak (“to steal”) → ‎aj elq' (“thief”)

### Further reading

* Ch'ina tusleb' aatin q'eqchi'-kaxlan aatin ut kaxlan aatin-q'eqchi' (Guatemala, 1998)

## Silesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish aj.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaj/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aj
* Syllabification: aj

### Interjection

aj
* oh!, whoa! (used as a reaction to an unexpected and unpleasant event or sensation)

### Further reading

* Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “aj”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 10

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aj]

### Adverb

aj
* also
* even (implying an extreme example, used at the beginning of sentences)
    Synonym: i
    Antonym: ani

### Further reading

* “aj”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Slovincian
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic. Compare Kashubian aj, Polabian ai̯, and Polish aj.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaj/
* Rhymes: -aj
* Syllabification: aj

### Interjection

aj
* oh
    Synonyms: a, ach

### References

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “ãi̯”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 2

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaj/
* Rhymes: -aj

### Interjection

aj
* ow, ouch; expression of one’s own pain, or sympathy with someone else’s.
** (Can we date this quote?), traditional (lyrics and music), “I fjol så gick jag med herrarna i hagen [Last year I went with the men in the pasture]”, in Skillingtryck [Broadside ballads]‎, performed by Hootenanny Singers:I fjol så gick jag med herrarna i hagen. Ja, ja, med herrarna i hagen. Ja, med herrarna i hagen. I år har jag något som sparkar i magen. Aj, aj, som sparkar i magen. Aj, som sparkar i magen.Last year I went with the men in the pasture. Yes, yes, with the men in the pasture. Yes, with the men in the pasture. This year I have something that kicks in my belly. Ow, ow, that kicks in my belly. Ow, that kicks in my belly.
* aye; yea; a word expressing assent, for example in nautical contexts.

#### Derived terms

* aj aj, kapten

### References

* aj in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* aj in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

### Anagrams

* ja

## Zhuang
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /ʔa˥/
* Tone numbers: a$^3$
* Hyphenation: aj

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Tai *ʔaːꟲ (“to open (the mouth)”). Cognate with Thai อ้า (âa).

#### Verb

aj (Sawndip forms 吖 or 哑 or 𮤴 or 呵 or 㕶, 1957–1982 spelling aз)
* to open; to spread open

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Adverb

aj (1957–1982 spelling aз)
* (dialectal) about to; soon
    Synonym: yaek