# 換

| 換 | U+63DB, &#25563; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63DB |
| ← 揚 [U+63DA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 揜 → [U+63DC] |

## Translingual
### Han character

換 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手弓月大 (QNBK), four-corner 5703$_4$, composition ⿰扌奐)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 442, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12358
* Dae Jaweon: page 793, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 3, page 1922, character 4
* Unihan data for U+63DB

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 渙 | *qʰʷaːds, *qʰʷaːns |
| 瘓 | *tqʰʷaːnʔ |
| 喚 | *qʰʷaːns |
| 煥 | *qʰʷaːns |
| 奐 | *qʰʷaːns |
| 寏 | *ɢʷaːn |
| 換 | *ɢʷaːns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɢʷaːns) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 奐 (OC *qʰʷaːns).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): huàn (huan$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): huan$^4$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): huān
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): huān
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуан (huan, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wun$^6$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): wun$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): von$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): uon$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): von
    (Hailu, HRS): von$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): von$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): huan$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): hūing
* Eastern Min (BUC): uâng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): yo$^5$ / yaⁿ$^5$ / huang$^4$ / huong$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ōaⁿ / hoān / hoàn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): uan$^7$ / huêng$^3$ / huang$^3$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): ua$^1$ / huang$^7$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): wan$^6$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$we / $^6$ve / $^6$woe / $^6$won / $^6$woen / $^6$wun
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): honn$^5$ / honn$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huàn
*** Wade–Giles: huan$^4$
*** Yale: hwàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huann
*** Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯än⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: huan$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xuan
*** Sinological IPA : /xuan²¹³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: huān
*** Sinological IPA : /xuã⁵⁵/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: huān
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): huan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /xuã⁴⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуан (huan, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /xuæ̃⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wun$^6$
*** Yale: wuhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wun$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wun$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuːn²²/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: wun$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /vun³²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: von$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /vᵘɔn³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: uon$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /uɵn¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: von
*** Hakka Romanization System: von
*** Hagfa Pinyim: von$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /von⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: von$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /von³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: von$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʋɔn⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: huan$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuæ̃⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hūing
*** Sinological IPA : /xuiŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: uâng
*** Sinological IPA : /uɑŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: yo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /yɒ²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: yaⁿ$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ỹã²¹/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huang$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoŋ⁴²/
* yo5/yaⁿ5 - vernacular;
* huang4/huong4 - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit換 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /xuan⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /xuan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /xuan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /xuã²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /xuã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /xuan³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /xuã⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /xuã²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /xuan¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /xuɛ̃n¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /xuan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /xuan³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /xuan¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /xuan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /xuã̠²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /xuaŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /xʊ̃⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /xuæ̃⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xuɑŋ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /xuæ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦue²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦuø³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦuõ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /va²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /xuɛ²²/ /uɛ²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /uːə¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /xõ⁵⁵/ /xõ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɦɔn²¹/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /uɵn²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /von⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /von⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wun²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /wun²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /wun²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /huan²²/ /uã²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /uɑŋ²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xuiŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /huaŋ²¹³/ /uã³¹/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /huaŋ³⁵/ /ua²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: hwanH
Rime :
| Character | 換 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 胡玩切 |
| Baxter | hwanH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣuɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wun$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤa[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷaːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 換 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | huàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hwan$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ʷˁa[n]-s/ |
| English | change |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 換 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5360 |
| Phonetic component | 奐 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 換 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷaːns/ |

### Definitions

換
* to exchange
    用石油換糧食／用石油换粮食 ― yòng shíyóu huàn liángshí ― to trade oil for grain
       Yībǎi yuán rénmínbì néng huàn duōshào gǎngbì? [Pinyin]
       How many Hong Kong dollars can one hundred renminbi be exchanged for?
* to change; to swap; to switch; to substitute
    換衣服／换衣服 ― huàn yīfu ― to change one's clothes
       zing$^3$ fu$^2$ wun$^6$ zo$^2$ jan$^4$ jau$^6$ dim$^2$ ze$^1$? [Jyutping]
       OK, the head of government has changed; so what?

### Compounds

* 換不來 / 换不来
* 換不開 / 换不开
* 換乘 / 换乘 (huànchéng)
* 換人 / 换人
* 換代 / 换代 (huàndài)
* 換位 / 换位 (huànwèi)
* 換個兒 / 换个儿
* 換匯 / 换汇 (huànhuì)
* 換取 / 换取 (huànqǔ)
* 換句話說 / 换句话说 (huànjùhuàshuō)
* 換季 / 换季 (huànjì)
* 換屆 / 换届 (huànjiè)
* 換崗 / 换岗 (huàngǎng)
* 換工 / 换工
* 換帖 / 换帖
* 換心 / 换心
* 換房 / 换房
* 換擋 / 换挡 (huàndǎng)
* 換文 / 换文
* 換樣 / 换样
* 換樣兒 / 换样儿
* 換氣 / 换气 (huànqì)
* 換氣扇 / 换气扇
* 換洗 / 换洗
* 換湯不換藥 / 换汤不换药 (huàn tāng bù huàn yào)
* 換牙 / 换牙 (huànyá)
* 換班 / 换班 (huànbān)
* 換算 / 换算 (huànsuàn)
* 換約 / 换约
* 換肩 / 换肩 (huànjiān)
* 換腦筋 / 换脑筋
* 換茬 / 换茬
* 換血 / 换血 (huànxuè)
* 換親 / 换亲
* 換言之 / 换言之 (huànyánzhī)
* 換車 / 换车 (huànchē)
* 換錢 / 换钱 (huànqián)
* 換防 / 换防 (huànfáng)
* 換馬 / 换马 (huànmǎ)

### References

* “換”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Entry #8431”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “换”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* to interchange

#### Readings

* Go-on: がん (gan)
* Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
* Kun: かえる (kaeru, 換える, Jōyō)、かわる (kawaru, 換わる, Jōyō)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 換
* かん Grade: S
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 換 (MC hwanH).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kã̠ɴ]

### Affix

換(かん) • (kan)
* to exchange

## Korean
### Hanja

換 • (hwan) (hangeul 환)
* change, exchange
* substitute

## Vietnamese
### Han character

換: Hán Nôm readings: hoán
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.