# больница
## Church Slavonic
### Etymology

From больнъ (bolĭnŭ, “sick”) +‎ -ица (-ica).

### Noun

больни́ца (bolĭníca) f
* asylum (for the poor and sick, usually at a monastery)

#### Descendants

* → Bulgarian: бо́лница (bólnica, “hospital”)
* → Macedonian: болница (bolnica, “hospital”)
* → Old East Slavic: больница (bolĭnica, “infirmary, hospital (usually at a monastery)”)
** Old Ruthenian: больница (bolʹnica), болница (bolnica, “asylum; hospital”)
*** Belarusian: бальні́ца (balʹníca)
*** Carpathian Rusyn: бо́лниця (bólnycja)
**** → Pannonian Rusyn: больнїца (bolʹnjica)
*** Ukrainian: бо́льниця (bólʹnycja) (obsolete)
** Russian: больни́ца (bolʹníca, “hospital”) (see there for further descendants)
* → Romanian: bolniță (dated)
* → Serbo-Croatian: bólnica / бо́лница (“hospital”)
* → Slovene: bọ̑lnica (“hospital”) (tonal orthography)

### Further reading

* Dyachenko, Grigory M. (1900) “больни́ца”, in Полный церковнославѧнскій словарь [Complete Church Slavonic Dictionary] (in Russian), Moscow: Typography Wilde, page 55

## Old Ruthenian
### Alternative forms

* болница (bolnica)

### Etymology

By surface analysis, больный (bolʹnyj) +‎ -ица (-ica). Cognate with Russian больни́ца (bolʹníca), which is from Middle Russian больница (bolʹnica), attested in 16-17ᵗʰ c., Church Slavonic больни́ца (bolĭníca).

### Noun

больница • (bolʹnica) f
* asylum (for the poor and sick, usually at a monastery)
* hospital, clinic

#### Descendants

* Belarusian: бальні́ца (balʹníca)
* Carpathian Rusyn: бо́лниця (bólnycja)
** → Pannonian Rusyn: больнїца (bolʹnjica)
* Ukrainian: бо́льниця (bólʹnycja) (obsolete)

### Further reading

* Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1983), “больница, болница”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 2 (биецъ – варивный), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, page 144
* Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1996), “больница, болница”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 3 (богъ – весъной), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 25

## Russian
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle Russian больница (bolʹnica), attested in 16-17ᵗʰ c. By surface analysis, боль (bolʹ) +‎ -ница (-nica). Cognate with Old Ruthenian больница (bolʹnica), болница (bolnica), Church Slavonic больни́ца (bolĭníca).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bɐlʲˈnʲit͡sə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

больни́ца • (bolʹníca) f inan (genitive больни́цы, nominative plural больни́цы, genitive plural больни́ц, relational adjective больни́чный, diminutive больни́чка)
* hospital
    Synonyms: го́спиталь (góspitalʹ) (usually military); кли́ника (klínika)
    ложи́ться в больни́цу ― ložítʹsja v bolʹnícu ― to go to hospital (to be hospitalised)

#### Derived terms

* о̀нкобольни́ца (ònkobolʹníca)

#### Related terms

* больно́й (bolʹnój)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: բալնիցա (balnicʻa), բալինցա (balincʻa)
* → Bezhta: балница (balnica)
* → Ingrian: bolnitsa
* → Karelian:
** North Karelian: polʹničča
** South Karelian: bolʹničča
* → Livvi: bolʹničču
* → Kazakh: бәлніс (bälnıs)
* → Mongolian:
    Cyrillic script: больниц (bolʹnic)
    Mongolian script: ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠨᠢᠼᠠ (bolinica)
* → Yakut: балыыһа (balııha)

### References

* ↑ Shaposhnikov, A. K. (2010) “больница”, in Этимологический словарь современного русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Contemporary Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 1: (А – Начальство), Moscow: Flinta; Nauka, →ISBN, page 72