# 曜

| 曜 | U+66DC, &#26332; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66DC |
| ← 曛 [U+66DB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 曝 → [U+66DD] |

## Translingual
### Han character

曜 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 日尸一土 (ASMG), four-corner 6701$_4$, composition ⿰日翟)

#### Descendants

* 𫞂

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 501, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14227
* Dae Jaweon: page 871, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1540, character 5
* Unihan data for U+66DC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 櫂 | *r'eːwɢs |
| 濯 | *r'eːwɢs, *r'eːwɢ |
| 耀 | *lewɢs |
| 曜 | *lewɢs |
| 燿 | *lewɢs |
| 糶 | *l̥ʰeːwɢs |
| 粜 | *l̥ʰeːwɢs |
| 嬥 | *l'eːw, *l'eːwʔ, *l'eːwɢs, *r'eːwɢ |
| 藋 | *l'eːwɢs |
| 躍 | *lewɢ |
| 戳 | *r'eːwɢ |
| 擢 | *r'eːwɢ |
| 蠗 | *r'eːwɢ |
| 鸐 | *r'eːwɢ |
| 翟 | *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ |
| 趯 | *l̥ʰeːwɢ |
| 籊 | *l̥ʰeːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ |
| 糴 | *l'eːwɢ |
| 䊮 | *l'eːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lewɢs) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 翟 (OC *r'aːwɢ, *l'eːwɢ).

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *glwak (“to shine, flash”); cognate with Tibetan གློག (glog, “lightning”), Burmese လက် (lak, “to flash, scintillate”) (STEDT).
Within Sinitic, compare:
* 爚 (OC *hljowɢ, *lowɢ, “to shine, melt”)
* 的 (OC *pleːwɢ, “bright, brilliant; to mark in a target”)
* 灼 (OC *pljewɢ, “to burn; brilliant; to illuminate”)
* 爍 (OC *qʰljawɢ, “to melt, fuse, shine”)
* 霍 (OC *qʰʷaːɡ, “quickly, suddenly; lightning”)
* 耀 (OC *lewɢs), 燿 (OC *lewɢs, “to shine, gleam”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yào (yao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): iāu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iao$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yào
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yào
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^4$
*** Yale: yàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yaw
*** Palladius: яо (jao)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jiu$^6$
*** Yale: yiuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jiu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yiu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːu̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iāu
*** Tâi-lô: iāu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iau
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iau²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /iau³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iau³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iao$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iău
*** Sinological IPA : /iau³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: yewH
Rime :
| Character | 曜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 弋照切 |
| Baxter | yewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiᴇu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɛu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jæu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jiaw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /iɛu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭɛu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ɛu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jiu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lewk-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*lewɢs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 曜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yew$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*lewk-s/ |
| English | shine |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 曜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2212 |
| Phonetic component | 翟 |
| Rime group | 豹 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 燿 |
| Old Chinese | /*lewɢs/ |

### Definitions

曜
* glorious (as the sun)
* sunlight; daylight
* to shine; to illuminate
* one of the seven so-called planets of pre-modern astronomy (the sun, the moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn)

#### Compounds

* 七曜 (qīyào)
* 九曜
* 乾曜 / 干曜
* 五曜
* 兩曜 / 两曜
* 吐曜
* 土曜 (tǔyào)
* 惡曜 / 恶曜
* 日曜 (rìyào)
* 日曜日 (rìyàorì)
* 星曜
* 晞曜
* 普曜經 / 普曜经
* 曜日 (yàorì)
* 曜靈 / 曜灵 (yàolíng)
* 月曜 (yuèyào)
* 月曜日 (yuèyàorì)
* 木曜 (mùyào)
* 木曜日 (mùyàorì)
* 水曜 (shuǐyào)
* 水曜日 (shuǐyàorì)
* 火曜 (huǒyào)
* 火曜日 (huǒyàorì)
* 炳曜
* 眩曜
* 金曜 (jīnyào)
* 震曜
* 黑曜岩 (hēiyàoyán)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 曜 |
| Kyūjitai | 曜󠄁 曜+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 曜󠄃 曜+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Alternative forms

* (ryakuji) 𫞂 [U+2B782]

### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)
* shine
* weekday
* day (of the week)

#### Readings

* Go-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: よう (yō, Jōyō)
* Kun: かがやく (kagayaku, 曜く)、ひかり (hikari, 曜)、ひかる (hikaru, 曜る)
* Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、かぐや (kaguya)、てらす (terasu)、てる (teru)、ひかり (hikari)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 曜
* よう Grade: 2
* on'yomi
/jieu/ → /jeu/ → /jəː/ → /joː/
From Middle Chinese 曜 (MC yewH).

### Affix

曜(よう) • (yō)
* sun, moon and stars
* day of week

#### Usage notes

Used for the days of the week, for example 日曜 (nichiyō) or 日曜日 (nichiyōbi, “Sunday”).

#### Derived terms

* 曜日(ようび) (yōbi, “day of the week”)
* 曜変(ようへん)天目(てんもく) (yōhen-tenmoku), 曜変(ようへん) (yōhen)
* 月曜(げつよう) (getsuyō), 月曜(げつよう)日(び) (getsuyōbi, “Monday”)
* 火曜(かよう) (kayō), 火曜日(かようび) (kayōbi, “Tuesday”)
* 吉曜(きちよう) (kichiyō, “lucky day”)
* 金曜(きんよう) (kin'yō), 金曜日(きんようび) (kin'yōbi, “Friday”)
* 九曜(くよう) (kuyō), 九曜星(くようせい) (kuyōsei)
* 光曜(こうよう) (kōyō)
* 黒曜石(こくようせき) (kokuyōseki, “obsidian”)
* 七曜(しちよう) (shichiyō, “seven days of the week”)
* 水曜(すいよう) (suiyō), 水曜(すいよう)日(び) (suiyōbi, “Wednesday”)
* 宿(すく)曜(よう) (Sukuyō), 宿(しゅく)曜(よう) (Shukuyō)
* 土曜(どよう) (doyō), 土曜日(どようび) (doyōbi, “Saturday”)
* 何曜(なんよう) (nan'yō, “which day”)
* 日曜(にちよう) (nichiyō), 日曜(にちよう)日(び) (nichiyōbi, “Sunday”)
* 八曜(はちよう) (hachiyō)
* 木曜(もくよう) (mokuyō), 木曜(もくよう)日(び) (mokuyōbi, “Thursday”)
* 両曜(りょうよう) (ryōyō)
* 六曜(ろくよう) (rokuyō, “six calendar labels”)

### Proper noun

曜(よう) • (Yō)
* a female given name

### References

* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1077 (paper), page 589 (digital)
* ↑ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 651 (paper), page 338 (digital)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 曜 (MC yewH).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 요ᇢ〮 (Yale: yów) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 요〯 (yǒ) (Yale: yǒ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jo]
* Phonetic hangul: [요]

### Hanja

Wikisource 曜 (eumhun 빛날 요 (binnal yo))
* hanja form of 요 (“shiny”)
* hanja form of 요 (“day of the week (in this case, usually used with 일 (日, il))”)

#### Compounds

* 금요일 (金曜日, geumyoil, “Friday”)
* 목요일 (木曜日, mogyoil, “Thursday”)
* 수요일 (水曜日, suyoil, “Wednesday”)
* 요일 (曜日, yoil, “day of the week”)
* 월요일 (月曜日, woryoil, “Monday”)
* 일요일 (日曜日, iryoil, “Sunday”)
* 토요일 (土曜日, toyoil, “Saturday”)
* 화요일 (火曜日, hwayoil, “Tuesday”)
* 흑요석 (黑曜石, heugyoseok, “obsidian”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

曜: Hán Nôm readings: diệu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.