# मांस
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* माँस (mā̃s)
* मास (mās) — obsolete

### Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa), from Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa), from Proto-Indo-European *mēmsóm. Cognate with Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌼𐌶 (mimz) and Albanian mish.

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /mɑːns/, [mä̃ːns]

### Noun

मांस • (māns) m (Urdu spelling مانس or ماس)
* meat
    Synonyms: गोश्त (gośt), बोटी (boṭī)
    यह मांस में बहुत चिकनाई होती है।yah māns mẽ bahut ciknāī hotī hai.There is a lot of grease in this meat.
    यह मांस विशेष रूप से तुम्हारे लिए पकाया गया था।yah māns viśeṣ rūp se tumhāre lie pakāyā gayā thā.This meat was cooked especially for you.
* flesh
    रोग के कारण, उसके टांग का मांस फूला-फूला हो गया था।rog ke kāraṇ, uske ṭāṅg kā māns phūlā-phūlā ho gayā thā.Due to the disease, the flesh on his legs became swollen.

#### Related terms

* मांसपेशी (mānspeśī)
* मांसभक्षी (mānsbhakṣī)
* मांसल (mānsal)
* मांसाहार (mānsāhār)
* मांसाहारी (mānsāhārī)
* हाड़-मांस (hāṛ-māns)

#### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “मांस”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मांस”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Marathi
### Etymology

From Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mau.sə/

### Noun

मांस • (māusa) n
* flesh

#### Derived terms

* मांसाहारी (māusāhārī, “non vegetarian”)

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* মাংস (Assamese script)
* ᬫᬵᬂᬲ (Balinese script)
* মাংস (Bengali script)
* 𑰦𑰯𑰽𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀫𑀸𑀁𑀲 (Brahmi script)
* မာံသ (Burmese script)
* માંસ (Gujarati script)
* ਮਾਂਸ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌮𑌾𑌂𑌸 (Grantha script)
* ꦩꦴꦁꦱ (Javanese script)
* 𑂧𑂰𑂁𑂮 (Kaithi script)
* ಮಾಂಸ (Kannada script)
* មាំស (Khmer script)
* ມາໍສ (Lao script)
* മാംസ (Malayalam script)
* ᢀ᠋ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘭 (Modi script)
* ᢀ᠋ᠮᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧆𑧑𑧞𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐩𑐵𑑄𑐳 (Newa script)
* ମାଂସ (Odia script)
* ꢪꢵꢀꢱ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆩𑆳𑆁𑆱 (Sharada script)
* 𑖦𑖯𑖽𑖭 (Siddham script)
* මාංස (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩴𑩛𑪖𑪁 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚢𑚭𑚫𑚨 (Takri script)
* மாஂஸ (Tamil script)
* మాంస (Telugu script)
* มาํส (Thai script)
* མཱཾ་ས (Tibetan script)
* 𑒧𑒰𑓀𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨢𑨊𑨸𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *māmsám, from Proto-Indo-European *mēms-ó-m (“flesh, meat”). Cognate with Albanian mish, Old Church Slavonic мѧсо (męso), Latin membrum, Old Armenian միս (mis), Gothic 𐌼𐌹𐌼𐌶 (mimz, “meat”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /mɑ̃ː.sɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈmɑ̃ː.s̪ɐ/

### Noun

मांस • (māṃsá) stem, n
* flesh, meat
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.161.10:श्रो॒णाम् एक॑ उद॒कं गाम् अवा॑जति मां॒सम् एकः॑ पिंशति सू॒नयाभृ॑तं ।śroṇā́m éka udakáṃ gā́m ávājati māṃsám ékaḥ piṃśati sūnáyā́bhṛtaṃ.One drives the crippled cow downward to the water, another trims the meat brought on the carving-board.
* name of a mixed caste

#### Borrowed terms

* → Assamese: মাংস (maṅxo)
* → Bengali: মাংস (maṅśo)
* → Hindi: मांस (māns)
* → Kannada: ಮಾಂಸ (māṃsa)
* → Malayalam: മാംസം (māṁsaṁ)
* → Malay: mangsa
* → Odia: ମାଂସ (māṁsa)
* → Old Javanese: māṅsa
** Javanese: ꦩꦁꦱ (mangsa)
** → Balinese: ᬫᬵᬗ᭄ᬲ (mangsa), ᬫᬗ᭄ᬲ (mangsa)
* → Tamil: மாமிசம் (māmicam)
* → Telugu: మాంసం (māṁsaṁ), మాంసము (māṁsamu)

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Dameli: [script needed] (mās)
** Domaaki: [script needed] (mos)
** Kalami: [script needed] (mā̃s)
** Kalasha: mos
** Kashmiri: ماس (mās), ماز (māz)
** Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (mos)
** Phalura: [script needed] (mahās)
** Savi: [script needed] (mās)
** Shina: موز (moz), [script needed] (mos)
** Tirahi: [script needed] (mās)
** Torwali: ماس (mās)
** Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (mās)
* Helu Prakrit:
** Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
** Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)
* Kholosi: māz
* Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀰 (maṃśa)
** Assamese: মঙহ (moṅoh)
** Bengali: মাস (maś)
** Bihari:
*** Bhojpuri: माँस (mā̃s)
*** Magahi: 𑂧𑂰𑂁𑂮 (māns)
*** Maithili: मास (mās), मासु (māsu)
* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa), 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa), 𑀫𑀁𑀰 (maṃśa) — Māgadhī
** Central:
*** Eastern Hindi:
**** Chhattisgarhi: मास (mās)
*** Western Hindi:
**** Old Hindi: मांस (mā̃sa)
***** Braj: मास (mās)
***** Bundeli: मास (mās), माँस (mā̃s)
***** Hindustani: mā̃s, mās
    Hindi: माँस, मास
    Urdu: مَان٘سْ (mā̃s), مَاسْ (mās)
** Northern:
*** Central Pahari:
**** Garhwali: मासु (māsu)
**** Kumaoni: मासु (māsu)
*** Eastern Pahari:
**** Nepali: मासु (māsu)
*** Western Pahari:
**** Dogri: mās
    Devanagari script: मास
    Dogra script: 𑠢𑠬𑠩
** Southern:
*** Insular:
**** Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
**** Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)
*** Marathi-Konkani:
**** Konkani: mās
    Devanagari script: मास
    Kannada script: ಮಾಸ್
    Latin script: mas
**** Old Marathi: mauṃsa
    Devanagari script: मौंस
    Modi script: 𑘦𑘼𑘽𑘭
***** Marathi: mās, māusa
    Devanagari script: मास, मांस
    Modi script: 𑘦𑘰𑘭, 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘭
** Northwestern:
*** Sindhi: māhu
    Arabic script: ماهُ
    Devanagari script: माहु
    Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋠𑋞𑋣
** Western:
*** Ahirani: मास (mās)
*** Gojri: مَاسْ (mās)
*** Gujarati: માંસ (mā̃s)
*** Kholosi: môz
*** Malvi: माँस (mā̃s)
*** Marwari:
    Devanagari script: मंस (mans), मांस (māns), माँस (mā̃s), मौंस (ma͠us)
    Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅧𑅰 (mns), 𑅬𑅒𑅧𑅰 (muns)
*** Romani: mas
** Old Marathi: मांस (māṃsa)
*** Marathi: मांस (māusa)
* Pali: maṁsa
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀲 (maṃsa), 𑀫𑀸𑀲 (māsa), 𑀫𑀁𑀰 (maṃśa) — Māgadhī
** Central:
*** Eastern Hindi:
**** Chhattisgarhi: मास (mās)
*** Western Hindi:
**** Old Hindi: मांस (mā̃sa)
***** Braj: मास (mās)
***** Bundeli: मास (mās), माँस (mā̃s)
***** Hindustani: mā̃s, mās
    Hindi: माँस, मास
    Urdu: مَان٘سْ (mā̃s), مَاسْ (mās)
** Northern:
*** Central Pahari:
**** Garhwali: मासु (māsu)
**** Kumaoni: मासु (māsu)
*** Eastern Pahari:
**** Nepali: मासु (māsu)
*** Western Pahari:
**** Dogri: mās
    Devanagari script: मास
    Dogra script: 𑠢𑠬𑠩
** Southern:
*** Insular:
**** Dhivehi: މަސް (mas)
**** Sinhalese: මස් (mas), මහ (maha)
*** Marathi-Konkani:
**** Konkani: mās
    Devanagari script: मास
    Kannada script: ಮಾಸ್
    Latin script: mas
**** Old Marathi: mauṃsa
    Devanagari script: मौंस
    Modi script: 𑘦𑘼𑘽𑘭
***** Marathi: mās, māusa
    Devanagari script: मास, मांस
    Modi script: 𑘦𑘰𑘭, 𑘦𑘰𑘽𑘭
** Northwestern:
*** Sindhi: māhu
    Arabic script: ماهُ
    Devanagari script: माहु
    Khudabadi script: 𑋗𑋠𑋞𑋣
** Western:
*** Ahirani: मास (mās)
*** Gojri: مَاسْ (mās)
*** Gujarati: માંસ (mā̃s)
*** Kholosi: môz
*** Malvi: माँस (mā̃s)
*** Marwari:
    Devanagari script: मंस (mans), मांस (māns), माँस (mā̃s), मौंस (ma͠us)
    Mahajani script: 𑅬𑅧𑅰 (mns), 𑅬𑅒𑅧𑅰 (muns)
*** Romani: mas
* → Tamil: மாமிசம் (māmicam)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “मांस”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 805/1.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 343-4
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “māṁsá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press