# κάθομαι
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* κάθουμαι (káthoumai) (Medieval Greek)

### Etymology

Medieval verb of the 10th century in synchronic use with Ancient Greek κάθημαι (káthēmai, “to sit, to sit down, to be idle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈka.θo.me/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈka.θo.me/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈka.θo.me/

### Verb

κάθομαι • (káthomai)
* (Ancient Greek) —
* (Byzantine)
** to sit or be at a place
** to stay, reside, to be at a place
** to remain at a place
*** 17th century Vitsentzos Kornaros (1553‑1613/14) Ἐρωτόκριτος [Erotokritos] Δ´ 330
    νά μέ ξορίσετε ἀπό ’πά, νά κάθομαι στά ξέναná mé xorísete apó ’pá, ná káthomai stá xénato exile me on top of all, for me to remain at foreign land
** (military) to camp
** to be at a state, condition of
*** 16th.17th century Θρῆνος τῶν τεσσάρων Πατριαρχείων. [Lament of the four Patriarchates] Ed: Karl Krumbacher.
    κάθομαι εἰς λύπην ― káthomai eis lúpēn ― I am sad (literally, “I sit in sadness)”)
** to associate with people
*** 12th century Σπανέας. [Spaneas] B.212. (didactic poem in the vernacular)
    ὅταν μέ φίλους κάθεσαι, μνήσκου τούς ἀποδήμουςhótan mé phílous káthesai, mnḗskou toús apodḗmouswhen you are among friends, remember the ones absent (who are at far away places)
** to be occupied with
*** 12th century Σπανέας. [Spaneas] Α.45. (didactic poem in the vernacular)
    κάθου κι ἀνάγνωθέ τουςkáthou ki anágnōthé tous(please add an English translation of this usage example)(literally, “sit and read to them”)
** to remain idle
*** 15th century Λεόντιος Mαχαιρᾶς [Leontios Machaeras], Ἐξήγησις τῆς γλυκείας χώρας Kύπρου... 36815. Ed. R.M. Dawkins, Recital concerning the sweet land of Cyprus entitled “Chronicle”, Oxford 1932
    νά κουρσεύγουν τό νησίν κι ἐμείς νά καθούμεθανná kourseúgoun tó nēsín ki emeís ná kathoúmethanthey plunder the island and us; we’re sitting idle

#### Derived terms

* κάθοντας (káthontas, “while sitting”) (passive present participle, indeclinable)
* κατακείτομαι (katakeítomai, “to be comfortably lying”)

#### Descendants

* Greek: κάθομαι (káthomai)

### References

* ↑ κάθομαι - Kriaras, Emmanuel (1969-) Επιτομή του Λεξικού της Μεσαιωνικής Ελληνικής Δημώδους Γραμματείας (Epitomí tou Lexikoú tis Mesaionikís Ellinikís Dimódous Grammateías) [Concise Dictionary of the Kriaras' Dictionary of Medieval Vulgar Greek Literature (1100–1669) Vols. 1–14. Vols 15- under I. Kazazes.)] (in Greek), Thessaloniki: Centre for the Greek language Online edition (abbreviations) Printed edition 2022: 22 vols.)

## Greek
### Alternative forms

* κάθουμαι (káthoumai) (idiomatic)

### Etymology

Inherited from Byzantine Greek κάθομαι (“I stay, reside”) from Ancient Greek κάθημαι (káthēmai, “to sit, to sit down, to be idle”).
* The perfective stem καθισ- as in simple past κάθισα (káthisa), from aorist Ancient Greek ἐκάθισᾰ/κάθισᾰ of verb καθίζω (kathízō).
* The second perfective stem κατσ- e.g. έκατσα (ékatsa), from εκάθισα (ekáthisa) (with omission of /i/ & [θs] > [ts]) of verb καθίζω (kathízō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkaθome/
* Hyphenation: κά‧θο‧μαι

### Verb

κάθομαι • (káthomai) deponent (past κάθισα/έκατσα)
* (at space) to sit, sit down
** to remain standing
    Synonyms: στέκομαι (stékomai), στήνομαι (stínomai)
** to stay, reside
* (of activity, state of mind)
** (+ να) to be occupied with
** to remain idle, to be bored, doing nothing
** to accept, be patient
* to retreat, to become sedimented (of things)
    Synonyms: καθιζάνω (kathizáno), κατακάθομαι (katakáthomai)
* (idiomatic) to be of less efficiency, worsened results
* (idiomatic) to happen by fluke

#### Synonyms

See definitions

#### Derived terms

* καθήμενος (kathímenos, “seated”) (archaic passive present participle) & derivatives
* καθισμένος (kathisménos, passive perfect participle)
* κάθοντας (káthontas, passive present participle, indeclinable)
* καθούμενα (kathoúmena, idiomatic passive present participle plural) (in expression στα καλά καθούμενα (sta kalá kathoúmena))
* ανακάθομαι (anakáthomai, “to sit up”)
* επικάθομαι (epikáthomai, “to lie upon something”) & επικάθημαι (epikáthimai)
* καλοκάθομαι (kalokáthomai, “remain comfortably, more time than expected”)
* κατακάθομαι (katakáthomai, “to retreat, become sediment”)
* παρακάθομαι (parakáthomai, “sit in formal dinner, remain more time than expected”)
* στρογγυλοκάθομαι (strongylokáthomai, “remain more time than expected in annoying way”)
* κάθομαι με σταυρωμένα χέρια (káthomai me stavroména chéria, “to sit on one's hands”, literally “to sit with crossed arms”)
* κάθομαι σ’ αναμμένα κάρβουνα (káthomai s’ anamména kárvouna, “await anxiously”, literally “to sit on hot coals”)
* κάθομαι στ’ αβγά μου (káthomai st’ avgá mou, “to not interfere”, literally “to sit on one's eggs”)
* κάθομαι στ’ αγκάθια (káthomai st’ agkáthia, “await anxiously”, literally “to sit on thorns”)
* κάθομαι στα καρφιά (káthomai sta karfiá, “await anxiously”, literally “to sit on nails”)
* κάθομαι στο λαιμό (káthomai sto laimó, “cannot be tolareted”, literally “sit on the throat”)
* κάθομαι στο σβέρκο (káthomai sto svérko, “to suppress”, literally “sit on the neck”)
* κάθομαι στο σκαμνί (káthomai sto skamní, “to answer, be accountable”, literally “to sit on the stool”)
* κάθομαι στο στομάχι (káthomai sto stomáchi, “to be disliked, not tolerated”, literally “sit on the stomach”)
* κάτσε να δεις (kátse na deis, “pay attention and understand!”, literally “sit and see!”)
* όχι, θα κάτσω να σκάσω (óchi, tha kátso na skáso, “no, I will not give damn”, literally “no, I will not sit to explode”)
* σήκω σήκω, κάτσε κάτσε (síko síko, kátse kátse, “handling an obsequious person”, literally “stand! stand! sit! sit!”)
* στα καλά καθούμενα (sta kalá kathoúmena, “opposite to expected”, literally “(when) all was standing well”)

#### Related terms

* καθίζω (kathízo, “to seat, to make sit”) & derivatives with stem καθισ-
* καθιζάνω (kathizáno) & derivatives

### References

* ↑ κάθομαι, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language