# 鍔

| 鍔 | U+9354, &#37716; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9354 |
| ← 鍓 [U+9353] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鍕 → [U+9355] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鍔 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+9, 17 strokes, cangjie input 金口口尸 (CRRS), four-corner 8612$_7$, composition ⿰釒咢)
* high, lofty
* edge of a knife

### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1314, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40617
* Dae Jaweon: page 1814, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4231, character 9
* Unihan data for U+9354

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 斥 | *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡs, *ŋ̊ʰjaːɡ |
| 訴 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 泝 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 愬 | *sŋaːɡs, *sŋreːɡ |
| 遡 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 塑 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 溯 | *sŋaːɡs |
| 遻 | *ŋaːɡs |
| 柝 | *tŋ̊ʰaːɡ |
| 鶚 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 諤 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 齶 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鍔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 遌 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 崿 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 偔 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 堮 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 湂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鱷 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 噩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 咢 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鑩 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鄂 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 鰐 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 萼 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 愕 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 顎 | *ŋaːɡ |
| 朔 | *sŋraːɡ |
| 槊 | *sraːwɢ |
| 蒴 | *sraːwɢ |
| 坼 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 拆 | *tŋ̊ʰraːɡ |
| 逆 | *ŋraɡ |
| 屰 | *ŋraɡ |
| 縌 | *ŋraɡ |
| 蝷 | *reːɡ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): è (e$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngok$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: è
*** Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: è
*** Wade–Giles: o$^4$
*** Yale: è
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
*** Palladius: э (e)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngok$^6$
*** Yale: ngohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɔːk̚²/
* Middle Chinese: ngak
Rime :
| Character | 鍔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 鐸 (103) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 五各切 |
| Baxter | ngak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋɑk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | è |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ngok$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鍔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9453 |
| Phonetic component | 屰 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 咢 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋaːɡ/ |

### Definitions

鍔
* (literary) blade; edge (of a sword or knife)

#### Compounds

* 廉鍔 / 廉锷
* 藏鋒斂鍔 / 藏锋敛锷
* 釿鍔 / 𬬱锷
* 鍔鍔 / 锷锷

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: がく (gaku)
* Kan-on: がく (gaku)
* Kun: つば (tsuba, 鍔)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 鍔
* つば Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 鐔
/tumiha/ → /tumuba/ → /tunba/ → /t͡suba/
First attested in the late 12th century.
Shift from tsumiha or tsumiba below.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つば [tsúꜜbà] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [t͡sɨba̠]

#### Noun

鍔(つば) • (tsuba)
* the guard at the end of the grip of a sword or polearm
** 1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 620:
    Tçuba. ツバ (鍔・鐔) 刀 (Catana)の鍔, すなわち, 刀の柄（つか）に密着している, 銅やその他の金属製の円いある種の輪.Tsuba - the guard of a katana; that is, a circular ring made of copper or other metal with a design stuck to the katana.
* the brim or visor (of a hat, for example)
    帽子(ぼうし)の鍔(つば)
       bōshi no tsuba
       hat's brim
* the brim of a kettle

##### Derived terms

* 鍔音(つばおと) (tsubaoto)
* 鍔際(つばぎわ) (tsubagiwa), 鍔元(つばもと) (tsubamoto)
* 鍔(つば)師(し) (tsuba-shi)
* 鍔(つば)競(ぜ)り合(あ)い, 鍔(つば)迫(ぜ)り合(あ)い (tsuba-zeriai)
* 鍔(つば)無(な)し (tsuba-nashi)
* 鍔(つば)鳴(な)り (tsuba-nari)
* 鍔広(つばびろ) (tsubabiro)
* 葵(あおい)鍔(つば) (aoi tsuba)
* 金鍔(きんつば) (kintsuba)
* 銀鍔(ぎんつば) (gintsuba)
* 車(くるま)鍔(つば) (kuruma tsuba)
* 萩鍔(はぎつば) (hagitsuba)
* 粢(しとぎ)鍔(つば) (shitogi tsuba)
* 食(は)み出(だ)し鍔(つば) (hamidashi tsuba)
* 肥後(ひご)鍔(つば) (Higo-tsuba)
* 丸鍔(まるつば) (marutsuba)
* 鍔(つば)継(つぎ)手(て), 鍔(つば)継(つ)ぎ手(て) (tsuba tsugite)
* 汲(く)み鍔(つば) (kumitsuba)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 鍔
* つみば Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Kanji in this term
* 鍔
* つみは Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 鐔
⟨tumi$_1$pa⟩ → */tumʲipa/ → /t͡sumiɸa/ → /t͡sumiha/
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.
The final ha element is most likely cognate with 刃 (ha, “edge”).
Usually pronounced with rendaku (連濁), as tsumiba.

#### Noun

鍔(つみは) or 鍔(つみば) • (tsumiha or tsumiba)
* (obsolete) the guard at the end of the grip of a sword or polearm

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
* ↑ “鍔・鐔”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

## Korean
### Hanja

鍔 (eum 악 (ak))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鍔: Hán Nôm readings: ngạc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation