# جدا
## Arabic
### Etymology

Adverbial accusative of جِدّ (jidd, “seriousness”), from the root ج د د (j d d).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒid.dan/

### Adverb

جِدًّا • (jiddan)
* very
* extremely

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: ciddən
* → Ottoman Turkish: جدا
** → Turkish: cidden
* → Persian: جدا

### See also

* لِلْغَايَةِ (lilḡāyati)

## Azerbaijani
### Adjective

جدا
* Arabic spelling of cüda

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Classical Persian جُدا (judā).

#### Adjective

جدا • (cüdâ)
* divided
* separated
* isolated

### Etymology 2

From Arabic جِدًّا (jiddan), adverbial accusative of جِدّ (jidd).

#### Adverb

جداً • (cidden)
* seriously; truly; greatly

##### Descendants

* Turkish: cidden

### Etymology 3

From Middle Mongol ᠵᠢᠳᠠ (ǰida), compare modern Mongolian жад (žad).

#### Noun

جدا • (cida)
* spear, lance

### Further reading

* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “cidden”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “جداً”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 435b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “جدا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 435b

## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian ywdtʾk' (ǰudāg, “separate, different”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yutás (“separate”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [d͡ʒu.ˈðɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒʊ.d̪ɑ́ː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒʊ.d̪ɑ́ː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d͡ʒʊ.d̪ɑ́ː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d͡ʒu.d̪ɔ́ː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒo.d̪ɒ́ː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒu.d̪ɔ́]

#### Adjective

جُدا • (jodâ)
* divided
* separated
    Synonym: منتزع (montaza')
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 340:هم سخن دیدی تو خود را با خدا ای بسا کاو زین گمان افتد جداham suxan dīdī tū xwad rā bā xudā ay basā k-ō z-īn gumān uftad judāYou regarded yourself as speaking (confidentially) with God. Oh, (there is) many a one that becomes separated (from God) by this opinion.
* isolated

##### Derived terms

* جدا شدن (jodâ šodan)
* جدا کردن (jodâ kardan)
* جداگانه (jodâ-gâne)
* جدایی (jodâyi)

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: cüda
* → Gujarati: જુદું (judũ)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: जुदा (judā)
    Urdu: جُدا (judā)
* → Ottoman Turkish: جدا (cüdā)
    > Turkish: cüda (inherited)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਜੁਦਾ (judā)
    Shahmukhi script: جُدا (judā)
* → Uyghur: جۇدا (juda)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic جِدًّا (jiddan).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [d͡ʒið.dan]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒɪd̪.d̪än]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒɪd̪.d̪än]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d͡ʒɪd̪.d̪än]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d͡ʒid̪.d̪än]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒed̪.d̪æn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d͡ʒid̪.d̪än]

#### Adverb

جِدّاً • (jeddan)
* seriously

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “جدا”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian جدا (judā, “separate, apart”).
Compare Punjabi جُدا (judā) / ਜੁਦਾ (judā), Gujarati જુદું (judũ).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /d͡ʒʊ.d̪ɑː/
* Audio (Pakistan):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː

### Adjective

جُدا • (judā) (Hindi spelling जुदा)
* separate, apart, split
    Synonym: الگ (alag)
* different, unrelated

#### Derived terms

* جُدائی (judā'ī, “separation”)
* جُدا گَر (judā-gar, “separator”)

### References

* “جدا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “جدا”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “جدا”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* “جدا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.