# 倒

| 倒 | U+5012, &#20498; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5012 |
| ← 們 [U+5011] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 倓 → [U+5013] |

## Translingual
### Han character

倒 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人一土弓 (OMGN), four-corner 2220$_0$, composition ⿰亻到)

#### Derived characters

* 𰃄, 𰂺, 𨃫, 𪝻

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 107, character 27
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 767
* Dae Jaweon: page 229, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 174, character 2
* Unihan data for U+5012

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 倒
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
* Small seal scripts05917
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 刀 | *taːw |
| 忉 | *taːw |
| 魛 | *taːw |
| 舠 | *taːw |
| 朷 | *taːw, *moːɡ |
| 叨 | *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw |
| 倒 | *taːwʔ, *taːws |
| 到 | *taːws |
| 菿 | *taːws, *rtaːwɢ |
| 鞀 | *deːw |
| 鳭 | *rteːw, *teːw |
| 灱 | *hreːw |
| 菬 | *sdew, *tjewʔ |
| 超 | *tʰew |
| 怊 | *tʰew, *tʰjew |
| 欩 | *tʰew |
| 召 | *dews, *djews |
| 昭 | *tjew |
| 招 | *tjew |
| 鉊 | *tjew |
| 沼 | *tjewʔ |
| 照 | *tjews |
| 詔 | *tjews |
| 炤 | *tjews |
| 弨 | *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ |
| 眧 | *tʰjewʔ |
| 韶 | *djew |
| 佋 | *djew, *djewʔ |
| 軺 | *djew, *lew |
| 玿 | *djew |
| 柖 | *djew |
| 紹 | *djewʔ |
| 袑 | *djewʔ |
| 綤 | *djewʔ |
| 邵 | *djews |
| 劭 | *djews |
| 卲 | *djews |
| 刁 | *teːw |
| 芀 | *teːw, *deːw |
| 貂 | *teːw |
| 蛁 | *teːw |
| 迢 | *deːw |
| 苕 | *deːw |
| 髫 | *deːw |
| 岧 | *deːw |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *taːwʔ, *taːws) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 到 (OC *taːws).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dǎo (dao$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dou$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): dau$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): to / tó
* Jin (Wiktionary): dau$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dō̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tó / tó͘ / táu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): do$^2$ / dao$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dǎo
*** Wade–Giles: tao$^3$
*** Yale: dǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dao
*** Palladius: дао (dao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dou$^2$
*** Yale: dóu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dou$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tou̯³⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: dau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tau²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: to / tó
*** Hakka Romanization System: do / do$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: do$^4$ / do$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /to⁵⁵/, /to³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: dau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tau⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dō̤
*** Sinological IPA : /to³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó
*** Tâi-lô: tó
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doir
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /to⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /to⁴²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó͘
*** Tâi-lô: tóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dor
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: táu
*** Tâi-lô: táu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dao
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tau⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tau⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: do$^2$ / dao$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tó / táu
*** Sinological IPA : /to⁵²/, /tau⁵²/
* do2 - vernacular;
* dao2 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: tawX
Rime :
| Character | 倒 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 都晧切 |
| Baxter | tawX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /taw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tɑu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dǎo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dou$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤawʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*taːwʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 倒 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dǎo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ taw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁawʔ/ |
| English | turn upside down (v.i.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 倒 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 2114 |
| Phonetic component | 刀 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 倒 |
| Old Chinese | /*taːwʔ/ |
| Notes | 見漢賦 |

#### Definitions

倒
* to fall; to fall over; to fall down
* to collapse; to fall in
* to lie down; to recline
* to fail; to be on the decline
* to be damaged; to malfunction
* to go bankrupt; to close down
* to sell out; to sell up; to give up for money
* to buy and resell for a profit
* to stop; to discontinue
* to move; to move around
* to change; to switch over
* (Cantonese) to pour out; to tip; to dump
    倒垃圾 [Cantonese] ― dou$^2$ laap$^6$ saap$^3$ [Jyutping] ― to take out the trash
* (dated Internet slang) to be astonished (hyperbolically to the extent that one fells down); to be left speechless
       Wǒ dǎo, hái yǒu zhèyàng de. [Pinyin]
       Oh hell. I can't believe there's such a thing.
* (Southwestern Mandarin) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 寢, 臥 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 躺, 臥, 躺臥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 躺, 歪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 躺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 躺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 躺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 睡, 躺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 躺, 睡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 睡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 躺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 躺, 睡 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 睡, 躺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 瞓 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 瞓 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 眠 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 眠 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 睡 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 瞓 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 睏 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 眠, 抗 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 睡 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 眠 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 睡 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 睡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 睡 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 躺, 睡 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 倒 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 夗 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 夗 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 睏 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 翻, 倒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 睏 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 睏 |

#### Compounds

* 一次全倒
* 一筆抹倒 / 一笔抹倒 (yībǐmǒdǎo)
* 一面倒 (yīmiàndǎo)
* 丁倒
* 七歪八倒
* 七顛八倒 / 七颠八倒
* 不倒 (bùdǎo)
* 不倒口
* 不倒翁 (bùdǎowēng)
* 不支倒地
* 不知起倒
* 不知顛倒 / 不知颠倒
* 不識起倒 / 不识起倒
* 丟倒頭 / 丢倒头
* 二次全倒
* 令人絕倒 / 令人绝倒
* 估倒
* 倒下 (dǎoxià)
* 倒三顛四 / 倒三颠四
* 倒不開 / 倒不开
* 倒亂 / 倒乱
* 倒了柴
* 倒了架
* 倒了架子
* 倒伏
* 倒倉 / 倒仓
* 倒債 / 倒债
* 倒價 / 倒价
* 倒包
* 倒嗓
* 倒嗆 / 倒呛
* 倒嚼 (dǎojiào)
* 倒四顛三 / 倒四颠三
* 倒地 (dǎodì)
* 倒地葫蘆 / 倒地葫芦
* 倒坍 (dǎotān)
* 倒塌 (dǎotā)
* 倒字
* 倒宅計 / 倒宅计
* 倒寨計 / 倒寨计
* 倒山傾海 / 倒山倾海
* 倒帳 / 倒帐 (dǎozhàng)
* 倒店 (dǎodiàn)
* 倒心
* 倒心伏計 / 倒心伏计
* 倒扁兒 / 倒扁儿
* 倒手 (dǎoshǒu)
* 倒把 (dǎobǎ)
* 倒抹
* 倒換 / 倒换 (dàohuàn)
* 倒斃 / 倒毙 (dǎobì)
* 倒斷 / 倒断
* 倒旗鎗 / 倒旗枪
* 倒曹
* 倒替 (dǎotì)
* 倒會 / 倒会
* 倒板 (dǎobǎn)
* 倒枕捶床
* 倒枕搥床 / 倒枕捶床
* 倒架
* 倒楣 (dǎoméi)
* 倒楣相
* 倒楣透頂 / 倒楣透顶
* 倒海移山
* 倒海翻江
* 倒瀉 / 倒泻 (dǎoxiè)
* 倒灶 (dǎozào)
* 倒灶八字
* 倒煤
* 倒爺 / 倒爷 (dǎoyé)
* 倒牌
* 倒牙
* 倒班
* 倒篷
* 倒胃 (dǎowèi)
* 倒胃口 (dǎo wèikǒu)
* 倒臥 / 倒卧 (dǎowò)
* 倒臺 / 倒台 (dǎotái)
* 倒蛋
* 倒街臥巷 / 倒街卧巷
* 倒賣 / 倒卖 (dǎomài)
* 倒路死
* 倒身 (dǎoshēn)
* 倒車 / 倒车
* 倒運 / 倒运 (dǎoyùn)
* 倒閉 / 倒闭 (dǎobì)
* 倒閣 / 倒阁 (dǎogé)
* 倒霉 (dǎoméi)
* 倒頓 / 倒顿
* 倒頭 / 倒头 (dǎotóu)
* 倒頭就睡 / 倒头就睡
* 倒頭的 / 倒头的
* 倒頭經 / 倒头经
* 倒頭飯 / 倒头饭
* 倒馬 / 倒马
* 倒馬毒 / 倒马毒
* 倒騰 / 倒腾 (dǎoténg)
* 倒鳳顛鸞 / 倒凤颠鸾
* 做倒包
* 傾倒 / 倾倒
* 兩邊倒 / 两边倒
* 出倒
* 勢如山倒 / 势如山倒
* 卒倒
* 嚇人倒怪 / 吓人倒怪
* 回山倒海
* 壓倒 / 压倒 (yādǎo)
* 壓倒元白 / 压倒元白
* 壓倒性 / 压倒性
* 壓倒群雄 / 压倒群雄
* 夢魂顛倒 / 梦魂颠倒
* 失張倒怪 / 失张倒怪
* 官倒 (guāndǎo)
* 崩倒
* 弄倒
* 惡性倒閉 / 恶性倒闭
* 應聲而倒 / 应声而倒
* 打倒 (dǎdǎo)
* 扳不倒兒 / 扳不倒儿 (bānbùdǎor)
* 扳倒 (bāndǎo)
* 折倒
* 扯倒
* 扶東倒西 / 扶东倒西
* 投機倒把 / 投机倒把 (tóujī dǎobǎ)
* 拉倒 (lādǎo)
* 拜倒轅門 / 拜倒辕门
* 推倒 (tuīdǎo)
* 捺倒
* 排山倒峽 / 排山倒峡
* 排山倒海 (páishāndǎohǎi)
* 排牆倒 / 排墙倒
* 搗倒小廝 / 捣倒小厮
* 摔倒 (shuāidǎo)
* 撂倒 (liàodǎo)
* 撲倒 / 扑倒 (pūdǎo)
* 撳倒 / 揿倒
* 撥弗倒 / 拨弗倒
* 擊倒 / 击倒 (jīdǎo)
* 擂天倒地
* 放倒 (fàngdǎo)
* 放倒身
* 昏倒 (hūndǎo)
* 是非顛倒 / 是非颠倒 (shìfēidiāndǎo)
* 晨昏顛倒 / 晨昏颠倒
* 暈倒 / 晕倒 (yūndǎo)
* 本末顛倒 / 本末颠倒 (běnmòdiāndǎo)
* 東倒西歪 / 东倒西歪
* 東扶西倒 / 东扶西倒
* 東歪西倒 / 东歪西倒
* 東翻西倒 / 东翻西倒
* 椎床倒枕
* 樹倒根摧 / 树倒根摧
* 死心倒地
* 沒起倒 / 没起倒
* 沒顛沒倒 / 没颠没倒
* 潦倒
* 無顛無倒 / 无颠无倒
* 狗屁倒灶 (gǒupìdǎozào)
* 狗皮倒灶
* 玉倒
* 玉山傾倒 / 玉山倾倒
* 痴倒
* 癱倒 / 瘫倒
* 盆傾甕倒 / 盆倾瓮倒
* 矬倒
* 砍倒 (kǎndǎo)
* 神魂顛倒 / 神魂颠倒 (shénhúndiāndǎo)
* 移山倒海 (yíshāndǎohǎi)
* 窮愁潦倒 / 穷愁潦倒
* 窮途潦倒 / 穷途潦倒
* 絆倒 / 绊倒 (bàndǎo)
* 絕倒 / 绝倒 (juédǎo)
* 翻江倒海
* 翻箱倒櫃 / 翻箱倒柜 (fānxiāngdǎoguì)
* 翻箱倒篋 / 翻箱倒箧
* 翻箱倒籠 / 翻箱倒笼
* 自認倒楣 / 自认倒楣
* 西歪東倒 / 西歪东倒
* 解甲倒戈
* 語言顛倒 / 语言颠倒
* 講倒 / 讲倒
* 賣倒 / 卖倒
* 起倒
* 跌倒 (diēdǎo)
* 跪倒 (guìdǎo)
* 迷倒
* 迷離顛倒 / 迷离颠倒
* 酥倒
* 重倒
* 隨風倒 / 随风倒
* 隨風倒舵 / 随风倒舵
* 難不倒 / 难不倒
* 顛三倒四 / 颠三倒四 (diānsāndǎosì)
* 顛之倒之 / 颠之倒之
* 顛乾倒坤 / 颠干倒坤
* 顛來倒去 / 颠来倒去
* 顛倒 / 颠倒 (diāndǎo)
* 顛倒乾坤 / 颠倒干坤
* 顛倒是非 / 颠倒是非 (diāndǎoshìfēi)
* 顛倒而行 / 颠倒而行
* 顛倒衣裳 / 颠倒衣裳
* 顛倒錯亂 / 颠倒错乱
* 顛倒陰陽 / 颠倒阴阳
* 顛倒黑白 / 颠倒黑白 (diāndǎohēibái)
* 顛而倒之 / 颠而倒之
* 顛顛倒倒 / 颠颠倒倒
* 顛鸞倒鳳 / 颠鸾倒凤 (diānluándǎofèng)
* 駁倒 / 驳倒 (bódǎo)
* 騰倒 / 腾倒
* 驚倒 / 惊倒
* 黑字倒閉 / 黑字倒闭
* 黑白顛倒 / 黑白颠倒
* 龍鍾潦倒 / 龙钟潦倒

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dào (dao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dou$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): to / tó
* Eastern Min (BUC): dó̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tò / tò͘ / tàu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): do$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dào
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dào
*** Wade–Giles: tao$^4$
*** Yale: dàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daw
*** Palladius: дао (dao)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dou$^3$
*** Yale: dou
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dou$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tou̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: to / tó
*** Hakka Romanization System: do / do$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: do$^4$ / do$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /to⁵⁵/, /to³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dó̤
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tò
*** Tâi-lô: tò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doix
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore): /to²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /to¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tò͘
*** Tâi-lô: tòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dox
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tàu
*** Tâi-lô: tàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: daux
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tau²¹/
* tò/tò͘ - literary;
* tàu - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: tawH
Rime :
| Character | 倒 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 都導切 |
| Baxter | tawH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tɑu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tɑu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɑu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /taw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tɑu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tɑu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tɑu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dou$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤawʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*taːws/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 倒 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ taw$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁawʔ-s/ |
| English | turn over, invert; pour |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 倒 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 2116 |
| Phonetic component | 刀 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 到 |
| Old Chinese | /*taːws/ |

#### Definitions

倒
* to put upside down; to invert; to be inverted
* to reverse; to move backwards; to turn back
* upside down; inverted; flipped; reversed
* to pour out; to dump; to empty
    倒垃圾 ― dào lājī ― to take out the trash
* to cast; to mould
* contrary to expectation; conversely; on the contrary; instead
    From: John 1.11
    Tā dào zìjǐ de dìfāng lái, zìjǐ de rén dào bù jiēdài tā. [Pinyin]
    He came unto his own, and his own received him not.
* particle indicating contrast; but; however
* particle used after a ‹verb + 得› structure to indicate it is contrary to the actual situation, implying blame; then
* particle used in a subordinate clause at the beginning of a sentence to indicate concession; quite
* particle used in an imperative sentence to indicate impatience
* particle used to soften the tone
* (Southern Min) left (direction)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 左 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 左 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 左 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 左 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 左 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 左 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 左 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 左 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 左 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 左 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 左 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 左 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 左 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 左 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 左 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 左 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 左 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 左 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 左 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 左 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 左 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 左 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 左 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 左 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 左 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 左 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 左 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 左 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 左 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 左 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 左 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 左 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 左 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 左 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 左 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 左 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 左 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 左 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 左 |
| Jin | Datong | 左 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 左 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 左 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 左 |
| Jin | Linhe | 左 |
| Jin | Jining | 左 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 左 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 左 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 左 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 左 |
| Jin | Handan | 左 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 左 |
| Jin | Suide | 左 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 左 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 倒 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 左 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 左 |

#### Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “left”): (Hokkien, Teochew) 正 (chiàⁿ, “right”)

#### Compounds

* 伯喈倒屣
* 倒下鉤子 / 倒下钩子
* 倒不如
* 倒不是
* 倒仰
* 倒像
* 倒八 (dàobā)
* 倒八字眉 (dàobāzìméi)
* 倒八字鬚 / 倒八字须
* 倒兵
* 倒冠落佩
* 倒刺 (dàocì)
* 倒前倒後 / 倒前倒后
* 倒包錢 / 倒包钱
* 倒反 (dàofǎn)
* 倒反帳 / 倒反帐
* 倒口
* 倒句
* 倒吊 (dàodiào)
* 倒吃甘蔗
* 倒啖蔗
* 倒坐
* 倒大
* 倒大來 / 倒大来
* 倒好
* 倒屣
* 倒屣奔出
* 倒屣相迎 (dàoxǐxiāngyíng)
* 倒屣而迎
* 倒屣迎之
* 倒屣迎賓 / 倒屣迎宾
* 倒履相迎
* 倒帶 / 倒带
* 倒座
* 倒廩傾囷 / 倒廪倾囷
* 倒彩 (dàocǎi)
* 倒影 (dàoyǐng)
* 倒懸 / 倒悬 (dàoxuán)
* 倒懸之危 / 倒悬之危 (dàoxuánzhīwēi)
* 倒懸之急 / 倒悬之急
* 倒懸之苦 / 倒悬之苦
* 倒懸捱命 / 倒悬捱命
* 倒戈
* 倒戈卸甲
* 倒打一耙 (dàodǎyīpá)
* 倒打鑼兒 / 倒打锣儿
* 倒扣
* 倒扣針兒 / 倒扣针儿
* 倒把鋤頭 / 倒把锄头
* 倒拔蛇
* 倒指
* 倒持干戈 (dàochí gāngē)
* 倒持泰阿
* 倒捽毛兒 / 倒捽毛儿
* 倒掛金鉤 / 倒挂金钩
* 倒插
* 倒插門 / 倒插门 (dàochāmén)
* 倒攝 / 倒摄
* 倒放 (dàofàng)
* 倒敘 / 倒叙 (dàoxù)
* 倒數 / 倒数
* 倒數計時 / 倒数计时
* 倒文
* 倒斛
* 倒日
* 倒是 (dàoshì)
* 倒映 (dàoyìng)
* 倒景
* 倒暈妝 / 倒晕妆
* 倒果為因 / 倒果为因 (dàoguǒwéiyīn)
* 倒栽蔥 / 倒栽葱 (dàozāicōng)
* 倒橫直豎 / 倒横直竖
* 倒水的
* 倒流 (dàoliú)
* 倒流刺
* 倒清尊
* 倒灌 (dàoguàn)
* 倒熟
* 倒熟話 / 倒熟话
* 倒片
* 倒立 (dàolì)
* 倒站驢子 / 倒站驴子
* 倒笏躬身
* 倒繃孩兒 / 倒绷孩儿
* 倒繳 / 倒缴
* 倒置 (dàozhì)
* 倒置干戈
* 倒置法 (dàozhìfǎ)
* 倒背剪
* 倒背如流 (dàobèirúliú)
* 倒脫靴 / 倒脱靴
* 倒舄摳衣 / 倒舄抠衣
* 倒茶 (dàochá)
* 倒行逆施 (dàoxíngnìshī)
* 倒裝 / 倒装 (dàozhuāng)
* 倒裝句 / 倒装句 (dàozhuāngjù)
* 倒裳
* 倒裳索領 / 倒裳索领
* 倒褪
* 倒許 / 倒许
* 倒豎 / 倒竖 (dàoshù)
* 倒豎虎鬚 / 倒竖虎须 (dàoshùhǔxū)
* 倒貼 / 倒贴 (dàotiē)
* 倒賠 / 倒赔 (dàopéi)
* 倒贓 / 倒赃
* 倒踏門 / 倒踏门
* 倒蹅門 / 倒蹅门
* 倒蹲兒 / 倒蹲儿
* 倒載干戈
* 倒轉 / 倒转
* 倒退 (dàotuì)
* 倒錯 / 倒错
* 倒錢 / 倒钱
* 倒陪
* 倒陪家門 / 倒陪家门
* 倒騎 / 倒骑
* 傾筐倒庋 / 倾筐倒庋
* 傾筐倒篋 / 倾筐倒箧
* 傾箱倒篋 / 倾箱倒箧
* 傾腸倒腹 / 倾肠倒腹
* 先後倒置 / 先后倒置
* 冠履倒易
* 冠履倒置
* 喝倒彩 (hèdàocǎi)
* 喝倒采 (hèdàocǎi)
* 回黃倒皂 / 回黄倒皂
* 太阿倒持 (Tài'ē dàochí)
* 幫倒忙 / 帮倒忙 (bāng dào máng)
* 打倒褪
* 本末倒置 (běnmòdàozhì)
* 柳眉倒豎 / 柳眉倒竖
* 橫拖倒拽 / 横拖倒拽
* 毛髮倒豎 / 毛发倒竖
* 沒倒斷 / 没倒断
* 沒張倒置 / 没张倒置
* 泰阿倒持
* 海水倒灌
* 無倒斷 / 无倒断
* 腳踏倒鹽 / 脚踏倒盐
* 蔡邕倒屣
* 解民倒懸 / 解民倒悬
* 言顛語倒 / 言颠语倒
* 賢奸倒置
* 輕重倒置 / 轻重倒置
* 迴清倒影 / 回清倒影
* 逆行倒施
* 銀河倒瀉 / 银河倒泻
* 開倒車 / 开倒车 (kāidàochē)

### References

* “倒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* overthrow

#### Readings

* Go-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
* Kun: たおれる (taoreru, 倒れる, Jōyō)、たおす (taosu, 倒す, Jōyō)、さかさま (sakasama, 倒)

## Korean
### Hanja

倒 (eumhun 넘어질 도 (neomeojil do))
* hanja form of 도 (“fall over”)
* hanja form of 도 (“lie down”)
* hanja form of 도 (“take turns”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

倒: Hán Nôm readings: đảo
* overturn
* dip
* transfer

#### Derived terms

* 倒政 (đảo chính)
* 壓倒 (áp đảo)
* 打倒 (đả đảo)
* 逆倒 (nghịch đảo)
* 顛倒 (điên đảo)