# virar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *virāre, probably from Latin vibrāre (in which case it is a doublet of vibrar). Other possibilities include an alteration of gȳrō (source of the synonym girar) or a derivation from Gaulish *viru (“to deviate, veer off”), itself derived from viros (“round, crooked”). Compare Italian virare, French virer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [biˈɾa]
* IPA: (Balearic) [viˈɾa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [viˈɾaɾ]

### Verb

virar (first-person singular present viro, first-person singular preterite virí, past participle virat)
* (intransitive) to turn (to change one's direction of travel)
    Synonym: girar
* (intransitive, nautical) to tack
* (transitive) to turn (to change the direction or orientation of)
* (transitive, photography) to tone

#### Derived terms

* desvirar
* revirar
* virada
* virador
* virat
* viratge

### Further reading

* “virar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “virar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “virar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “virar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Galician
### Etymology

Attested since the 15th century. Probably from Old French virer, ultimately from Celtic, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to twist”). Compare Breton gwar (“curved”), from Proto-Celtic *weiro- (“crooked”). Alternatively from Vulgar Latin *virō, probably from Latin vibrō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biˈɾaɾ/

### Verb

virar (first-person singular present viro, first-person singular preterite virei, past participle virado)
* (transitive, intransitive) to turn, rotate
    Synonym: xirar
** 1432, Antonio Fernández Salgado, editor, A documentación medieval de San Bieito do Campo, Santiago: USC, page 74:prometemos de o teer, conprir e agardar e nõ virarmos contra elowe promise to keep [this deal], to fulfill it, and to don't turn against it
* (transitive) to turn upside down
* (pronominal) to become; to alter in manner or appearance

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Derived terms

* revirar (“to twist”)
* vira (“flap”)
* virada (“turn”)
* viradeira
* virador
* viraventos (“pinwheel”)
* viravolta (“twirl”)

### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “virar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “virar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “virar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “virar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “virar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “virar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Pensado, José Luis, Messner, Dieter (2003) “bira”, in Bachiller Olea: Vocabulos gallegos escuros: lo que quieren decir (Cadernos de Lingua: anexos; 7)‎, A Coruña: Real Academia Galega / Galaxia, →ISBN
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “virar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
* ↑ Grzega, Joachim (2001) Romania Gallica Cisalpina etymologisch-geolinguistische Studien zu den oberitalienisch-rätoromanischen Keltizismen‎, Tübingen: M. Niemeyer, →ISBN, page 260 – via De Gruyter.
* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

## Occitan
### Etymology

From Late Latin virō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biˈɾa/
* Audio (Béarn):(file)

### Verb

virar
* to turn

#### Derived terms

* virada
* virar vinagre

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *virāre, from Latin gȳrāre or vibrāre.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /viˈɾa(ʁ)/ [viˈɾa(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /viˈɾa(ʁ)/ [viˈɾa(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /viˈɾa(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /viˈɾa(ʁ)/ [viˈɾa(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /viˈɾa(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /viˈɾaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /viˈɾaɾ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /biˈɾaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /viˈɾa.ɾi/
* Homophone: virá (Brazil)
* Hyphenation: vi‧rar

### Verb

virar (first-person singular present viro, first-person singular preterite virei, past participle virado)
* (ergative) to turn (to change direction)
    Synonyms: tornar, volver, dobrar, torcer, curvar, converter
    No semáforo, vire à esquerda. ― At the traffic lights, turn left.
* (ergative) to turn around (to reverse direction)
    Synonyms: voltar, volver, girar, torcer, tornar
    Cheguei a segui-la por um tempo, mas, quando ela virou para mim, eu já não sabia o que dizer. ― I even followed her for a while, but, when she turned to me, I no longer knew what to say.
* (nautical, ergative) to capsize
    Synonyms: emborcar, entornar
* (ergative, of an opinion) to topple, to overturn
    Synonyms: mudar, alterar
* (transitive, of a drink) to drink up (to empty a recipient of the liquid therein by drinking it through)
    Synonym: matar
    E aí, vira uma dessa comigo? ― Whatcha say, drink up one of these with me?
* (ergative, of a stomach) to upset
    Synonyms: revirar, embrulhar
* (Brazil, colloquial, copulative) to become, to turn into, to transform, to convert
    Synonyms: tornar, transformar, converter
    Ela ter aparecido na TV fez com que ela virasse uma espécie de subcelebridade entre os amigos. ― Her appearing on TV made her becoming a sort of subcelebrity among her friends.
    O cara era o maior vida louca, sério, e ainda assim virou evangélico, do nada! ― The dude was a plain gangsta, really, and even so turned into a born-again Christian, all of a sudden!
* (Brazil, colloquial, reflexive) to make do, to deal with
    Synonyms: resolver, solucionar, lidar, fazer acontecer, encarar, enfrentar, desenrolar, matar no peito
    Ainda não sei muito bem como é que eu vou fazer, mas pode deixar que eu me viro assim mesmo. ― I still don't know how exactly I'm gonna make it, but don't worry, I'll handle it anyway.
* (Brazil, colloquial, reflexive) to get by, to make ends meet, to push forward
    Synonyms: lidar, aguentar, viver, sobreviver, subsistir
    Que é difícil, é, né? Mas Deus ajuda, e a gente vai se virando como pode. ― Yeah, it's difficult, that's right. But God helps, and we keep pushing forward as we can.
* (Brazil, colloquial, ergative) to pull an all-nighter, to stay awake all night
    Synonyms: virar a noite, passar a noite em claro, tresnoitar, transnoitar
    E aí, bora virar hoje jogando um Warzinho? ― So, how about we spend this night playing some Risk?
    A nenê chorou a noite inteira, e eu fui trabalhar virada. ― The baby cried all night long, and I went to work without having slept.
* (Brazil, colloquial, copulative, with preposition "em", chiefly of spiritual entities) to embody, to incarnate
    Synonyms: baixar, receber, incorporar, encarnar, transmutar
    Na Umbanda, até um branco pode virar num Preto-Velho. ― In Umbanda, even a White may receive an Old Black.
    Ontem eu acordei virado no Jiraya ― Yesterday I woke up super stressed (that is, inspired by the Japanese series Sekai Ninja Sen Jiraiya).
* (Brazil, colloquial, copulative, with preposition "em", chiefly of mental states) to strike, to stick, to infatuate
    Synonyms: encantar, arrebatar, enlevar, absorver, entregar
    Aquela mulher virou a cabeça dele. ― That woman blew his mind.
    Ele ficou virado no amor. ― He got stuck in love.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Descendants

* Macanese: virâ

### Further reading

* “virar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “virar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “virar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Perhaps from a Vulgar Latin root *virāre, of uncertain origin: possibly of Celtic; (compare Welsh gwyro) or possibly a variation of Latin vibrāre or gȳrāre. See also Portuguese virar, Italian virare.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biˈɾaɾ/ [biˈɾaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: vi‧rar

### Verb

virar (first-person singular present viro, first-person singular preterite viré, past participle virado)
* to veer
* (nautical) to tack

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* viraje

### Further reading

* “virar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Verb

virar
* present indicative of vira