# اردو
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* اوردو (ordu)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ordu (“army camp”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰆𐰺𐰑𐰆 (ordu), Azerbaijani ordu, Bashkir урда (urda), Kazakh орда (orda), Kyrgyz ордо (ordo), Turkmen orda, Uyghur ئوردا (orda), Uzbek orda and Yakut ордуу (orduu).

### Noun

اردو • (ordu) (definite accusative اردویی (orduyu), plural اردولر (ordular))
* military camp, a temporary military base provided with tents for the lodging of an army
    Synonym: اردوگاه (ordugâh)
* (by extension) army, a highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground operations
    Synonyms: جند (cünd), جیش (ceyiş), چری (çeri), عسكر (ʼasker), لشكر (leşker)

#### Derived terms

* اردو قاضیسی (ordu kadısı, “judge-advocate of an army”)
* اردو قالدرمق (ordu kaldırmak, “to break up a camp”)
* اردو قورمق (ordu kurmak, “to form a camp, to encamp”)
* اردو مركزی (ordu merkezi, “headquarters of an army”)
* اردو چیقارمق (ordu çıkarmak, “to send an army into the field”)
* اردولق (orduluk, “the time when troops are in the field”)
* اردوگاه (ordugâh, “military camp”)
* اردوی همایون (orduyı hümâyun, “imperial army; imperial camp”)
* قول اردو (kol ordu, “wing of an army”)

#### Descendants

* > Turkish: ordu (inherited)
* → Albanian: hordhi
* → Northern Kurdish: ordî
* → Arabic: عُرْضِيّ (ʕurḍiyy)
** → Amharic: ዕርድ (ʿərd)
** → Tigre: ዕርዲ (ʿərdi)
** → Tigrinya: ዕርዲ (ʿərdi)

### Proper noun

اردو • (ordu)
* Ordu (a city and province in the East Black Sea region, Turkey)
    Synonym: بایراملی (bayramlı) (obsolete)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: Ordu

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “اردو”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 34
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ordu”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3628
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “اردو”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 22a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اردو”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 67
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Castra”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 158
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “اردو”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 139
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ordu”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–) “Ordu”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اردو”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 65
* Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Ordu”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 589

## Persian
### Etymology

Derived from Proto-Turkic *ordu (“army, camp”) (see Azerbaijani ordu, Turkish ordu, Turkmen orda). Compare horde.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔuɾ.ˈduː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔʊɾ.d̪úː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔʊɾ.d̪úː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔʊɾ.d̪úː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔuɾ.d̪ú]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔoɹ.d̪úː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔuɾ.d̪ú]

### Noun

اردو • (ordu) (plural اردوها (ordu-hâ))
| Dari | اردو |
| Iranian Persian | اردو |
| Tajik | урду |
* horde
* (Iran) camping
* (Dari) army

#### Derived terms

* اردو زدن (ordu zadan, “to camp”)
* اردوگاه (ordugâh, “camp, campsite”)

### Proper noun

اُرْدو • (ordu)
* Urdu

### Adjective

اُرْدو • (ordu)
* Urdu

#### Related terms

* زبان اردو (zabân-e ordu)

#### Descendants

* Dari: اردو (urdū)
* Iranian Persian: اردو (ordu)
* Tajik: урду (urdu), Урду (Urdu)
* → Bengali: উর্দু (urdu)
* → Gujarati: ઉર્દૂ (urdū)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: उर्दू (urdū)
    Urdu: اُرْدُو (urdū)
** → English: Urdu
* → Kannada: ಉರ್ದೂ (urdū)
* → Marathi: उर्दू (urdū)
* → Nepali: उर्दु (urdu), उर्दू (urdū)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਉਰਦੂ (uradū)
    Shahmukhi script: اُرْدُو (urdū)
* → Telugu: ఉర్దూ (urdū)

## Urdu
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ʊɾ.d̪uː/
* Audio (Pakistan):(file)
* Rhymes: -uː

### Etymology 1

Shortened from اُرْدُوْئے مُعَلّیٰ (urdū-e mu'allā), from Middle Hindi زُبانِ اُرْدُوْئے مُعَلّیٰ (zubān-i urdū-e mu'allā), borrowed from Classical Persian زُبَانِ اُرْدُویِ مُعَلّیٰ (zubān-i urdū-yi mu'allā, “language of the royal camp”).

#### Proper noun

اُرْدُو • (urdū) f (Hindi spelling उर्दू)
* the Urdu language
    کْیا آپ اُرْدُو بولْتے ہَیں؟kyā āp urdū bolte ha͠i?Do you speak Urdu?
* (historical, obsolete) Rekhta (the Hindustani language)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian اردو (urdū), from Turkic.

#### Noun

اُرْدُو • (urdū) f (Hindi spelling उर्दू)
* (military, rare) army, camp
    Synonym: لَشْکَر (laśkar)

### References

* “اردو”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “اردو”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.