# μόνος
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* μοῦνος (moûnos) — Epic, Ionic
* μῶνος (mônos) — Doric

### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *mónwos. For the ending, compare οἶος (oîos, “only, single”) from *óywos. The etymology of the initial element is uncertain, but it may come from a Proto-Indo-European *men- (“small”); compare Ancient Greek μανός (manós, “sparse, rare”), Armenian մանր (manr, “slender, small”), and possibly Proto-West Germanic *muniwu (“small fish, minnow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mó.nos/ → /ˈmo.nos/ → /ˈmo.nos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /mó.nos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈmo.nos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈmo.nos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈmo.nos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈmo.nos/

### Adjective

μόνος • (mónos) m (feminine μόνη, neuter μόνον); first/second declension (Attic, Koine, Byzantine)
* alone, forsaken, solitary
* only
* unique

#### Derived terms

* μονάζω (monázō)
* μονάς (monás)
* μοναχός (monakhós)
* μονο- (mono-)

#### Descendants

* Greek: μόνος (mónos)
* Mariupol Greek: мо́нос (mónos), мо́ну (mónu)

### References

* ↑ “mono-, combining form.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μόνος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 965-6

### Further reading

* “μόνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “μόνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* μόνος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* “μόνος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G3441 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. alone idem, page 25.desolate idem, page 216.isolated idem, page 461.lonely idem, page 498.only idem, page 574.single idem, page 777.single-handed idem, page 779.singly idem, page 779.sole idem, page 792.solitary idem, page 792.unaided idem, page 906.unassisted idem, page 907.unattenend idem, page 907.unsupported idem, page 933.

## Greek
### Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos).
Compare Mariupol Greek мо́нос (mónos), мо́ну (mónu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmonos/
* Hyphenation: μό‧νος

### Adjective

μόνος • (mónos) m (feminine μόνη, neuter μόνο)
* solitary, alone
* unmarried
* solo, unaccompanied
* unique, singular
* (used with an article) only
    Ο Κώστας ήταν ο μόνος που έτρεξε να βοηθήσει.O Kóstas ítan o mónos pou étrexe na voïthísei.Kostas was the only one to run for help.

#### Related terms

* μοναδικός (monadikós, “unique”, adjective)
* μονός (monós, “single, odd”, adjective)
* and see: απομονώνω (apomonóno, “to isolate”)

### Further reading

* μόνος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language