# 葡萄
## Chinese

* 葡萄 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 葡萄 (Cantonese)
* Phù-thò (Hakka)
* Buò-dò̤ (Eastern Min)
* Phô-tô (Southern Min)
* 葡萄 (Wu)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): pútáo
       (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄠˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pu$^2$ tao$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): путо (puto, I-II)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pou$^4$ tou$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): pu$^2$ tau
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): phù-thò
    (Hailu, HRS): pu to
    (Meixian, Guangdong): pu$^2$ tau$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): pu$^1$ tau$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): bǔ-dǎu
* Eastern Min (BUC): può-dò̤ / buò-dò̤ / bù-dò̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phû-tô / phô-tô / phô͘-tô / pô-tô / phôe-tô / pû-tô / pô͘-tô
    (Teochew, Peng'im): pu$^5$ to$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$bu-dau; $^8$beq-dau
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bu$^2$ dau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pútáo → pútao (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄠˊ → ㄆㄨˊ ˙ㄊㄠ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pútåo
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^2$-tʻao$^5$
*** Yale: pú-tau
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwu.taur
*** Palladius: путао (putao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/ → /pʰu³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$葡萄 蒲桃
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pútáor
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄠˊㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pútáor
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^2$-tʻao$^2$-ʼrh
*** Yale: pú-táur
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwutaurl
*** Palladius: путаор (putaor)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu³⁵ tʰaʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: pu$^2$ tao$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: putao
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu²¹ tʰau²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: путо (puto, I-II)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰou²⁴ tʰɔ⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pou$^4$ tou$^4$
*** Yale: pòuh tòuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pou$^4$ tou$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pou$^4$ tou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰou̯²¹ tʰou̯²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: pu$^2$ tau
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu²⁴ tʰau²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phù-thò
*** Hakka Romanization System: pu$^ˇ$ to$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pu$^2$ to$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰu¹¹ tʰo¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: pu to
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰu⁵⁵ tʰo⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: pu$^2$ tau$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰu¹¹ tʰau¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: pu$^1$ tau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰu¹¹ tʰau¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǔ-dǎu
*** Sinological IPA : /pu²¹ tau²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: può-dò̤ / buò-dò̤ / bù-dò̤
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰuo⁵³⁻³³ $^{(t-)}$lo⁵³/, /puo⁵³⁻³³ $^{(t-)}$lo⁵³/, /pu⁵³⁻³³ $^{(t-)}$lo⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Taichung, Penang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phû-tô
*** Tâi-lô: phû-tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phu'dooi
*** IPA (Penang): /pʰu²³⁻²¹ to²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Philippines): /pʰu²⁴⁻²² to²⁴/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /pʰu²⁴⁻¹² to²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Taipei, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Magong, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phô-tô
*** Tâi-lô: phô-tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoi'dooi
*** IPA (Penang): /pʰo²³⁻²¹ to²³/
*** IPA (Tainan): /pʰɤ²⁴⁻³³ tɤ²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰo²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰo¹³⁻²² to¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phô͘-tô
*** Tâi-lô: phôo-tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pho'dooi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɔ¹³⁻²² to¹³/
** (Hokkien: Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pô-tô
*** Tâi-lô: pô-tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: poi'dooi
*** IPA (Yilan): /po²⁴⁻³³ to²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Tainan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phôe-tô
*** Tâi-lô: phuê-tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoe'dooi
*** IPA (Tainan): /pʰue²⁴⁻³³ tɤ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Taichung, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pû-tô
*** Tâi-lô: pû-tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pu'dooi
*** IPA (Philippines): /pu²⁴⁻²² to²⁴/
** (Hokkien: rare in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pô͘-tô
*** Tâi-lô: pôo-tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: po'dooi
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɔ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: pu$^5$ to$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phû thô
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$bu-dau; $^8$beq-dau
*** MiniDict: bu$^去$ dau; beh$^入$ dau
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$bu-dau; $^5$beq-dau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bu²² dɔ⁴⁴/, /bəʔ¹¹ dɔ²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: bu$^2$ dau
*** Sinological IPA : /pu¹³ tɒu̯³/
* Middle Chinese: bu daw
Rime :
| Character | 葡 | 萄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 薄胡切 | 徒刀切 |
| Baxter | bu | daw |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /buo/ | /dɑu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /buo/ | /dɑu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bo/ | /dɑu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bɔ/ | /daw/ |
| Li Rong | /bo/ | /dɑu/ |
| Wang Li | /bu/ | /dɑu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱuo/ | /dʱɑu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pú | táo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pou$^4$ | tou$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*baː l'uː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 葡 | 萄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 3439 | 12364 |
| Phonetic component | 甫 | 匋 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 酺 | 陶 |
| Old Chinese | /*baː/ | /*l'uː/ |
| Notes | 古作蒲，今分化字 | 草名後作蒲陶字 |
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Taishanese”

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Bactrian *bādāwa (“wine”) [130 BCE]; compare Persian باده (bâde, “wine”) (Schuessler, 2007; Chmielewski, 1958). Grape was introduced in China by Zhang Qian (張騫) during the Eastern Han period.
The verb sense is from 吃不到的葡萄是酸的 (“the grapes are sour anyway”)

#### Noun

葡萄
* grape (Classifier: 顆／颗 m; 串 m; 粒; 抽 c; 捾 mn)
    葡萄汁 ― pútáozhī ― grape juice

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 蒲陶, 蒲萄, 蒲桃, 葡萄 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 葡萄 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 葡萄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 葡萄 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 葡萄 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 葡萄 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 葡萄 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 葡萄 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 葡萄 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 葡萄 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 葡萄 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 葡萄兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 葡萄 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 葡萄 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 葡萄 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 葡萄 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yanchi | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Guyuan | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Longde | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jingyuan | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 葡萄 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 葡萄 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 葡萄 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Wuzhong | 葡萄 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Zhongwei | 葡萄 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 葡萄 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 葡萄 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 葡萄 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 葡萄, 葡萄兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 葡萄兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 葡萄兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 葡萄, 葡萄果 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 葡萄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pematangsiantar | 葡萄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 葡萄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 葡萄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 葡萄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 葡萄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 葡萄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 葡萄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 葡萄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 葡萄 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 葡萄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 葡提子, 提子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 提子, 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 葡萄 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 葡提, 葡提仔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 葡萄 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 葡萄 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 葡萄 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 葡皮子 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 葡萄 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 葡萄, 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 葡萄, 葡提子, 提子 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 葡萄 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 葡萄 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 葡萄, 葡提子 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 葡萄 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 葡提子 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 徒提仔, 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 葡萄棗 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 葡萄子 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 葡提子 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 葡提子 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 葡萄子 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 葡萄 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 葡萄 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 葡萄 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Datong | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Linhe | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Jining | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Handan | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 葡萄 |
| Jin | Suide | 葡萄 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 葡萄 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Yongjing) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 葡萄棗, 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 葡萄 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 葡萄 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 葡提子 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 葡萄 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 葡萄 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 葡萄 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 葡萄 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 紫葡萄, 紫胡萄, 水胡萄 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 葡萄 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 葡萄 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 葡萄 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 葡萄子 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Jiangyong | 葡萄崽 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang) | 葡萄子 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Shaoguan (Xiangyang, Xihe, Wujiang) | 葡萄子 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang) | 葡萄仔 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Renhua (Zhoutian) | 葡萄仔 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Renhua (Shitang) | 葡萄仔 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou) | 葡萄子 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Changlai) | 葡萄子 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Beixiang) | 葡萄 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Huangpu) | 葡萄 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi) | 葡萄子 |
| Yuebei Tuhua | Lechang (Sanxi) | 葡萄 |

##### Derived terms

* 吃不到的葡萄是酸的 (chībudào de pútao shì suān de)
* 山葡萄 (shānpútáo)
* 海葡萄 (hǎipútáo)
* 紅葡萄藤 / 红葡萄藤
* 葡萄乾 / 葡萄干 (pútáogān)
* 葡萄園 / 葡萄园 (pútáoyuán)
* 葡萄屬 / 葡萄属
* 葡萄彈 / 葡萄弹 (pútáodàn)
* 葡萄柚 (pútáoyòu)
* 葡萄樹 / 葡萄树 (pútáoshù)
* 葡萄汁 (pútáozhī)
* 葡萄深碧
* 葡萄灰
* 葡萄炸彈 / 葡萄炸弹
* 葡萄牙 (Pútáoyá)
* 葡萄牙共和國 / 葡萄牙共和国 (Pútáoyá Gònghéguó)
* 葡萄球菌 (pútáo qiújūn)
* 葡萄目
* 葡萄石 (pútáoshí)
* 葡萄科
* 葡萄糖 (pútáotáng)
* 葡萄紫
* 葡萄綠 / 葡萄绿
* 葡萄胎 (pútáotāi)
* 葡萄葉銀蓮花 / 葡萄叶银莲花
* 葡萄藤 (pútáoténg)
* 葡萄酒 (pútáojiǔ)
* 蛇葡萄
* 西拉葡萄 (Xīlā pútáo)
* 酸葡萄 (suānpútao)
* 酸葡萄心理

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: 葡(ぶ)萄(どう) (budō)
* → Korean: 포도(葡萄) (podo)
* → Vietnamese: bồ đào (葡萄)

#### Verb

葡萄
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism, slang) to be jealous; to envy

##### Synonyms

* nan-qua+nan-xia+nan-hbl-TW:赤目
* nan-xia+nan-qua+nan-hbl-TW:目紅 / nan-xia+nan-qua+nan-hbl-TW:目红
* nan-zha+nan-hbl-TW:目空赤
* nan-zha+nan-hbl-TW:目赤
* 吃味 (chīwèi) (regional)
* 妒嫉 (dùjí)
* 妒忌 (dùjì)
* 妒恨 (dùhèn) (literary)
* 媢嫉 (màojí) (literary)
* 嫉妒 (jídù)
* 忌 (jì)
* 忌垢 (ji$^4$ gou$^4$) (Sichuanese)
* 忌妒 (jìdù)
* 怨妒 (Hokkien)
* 惡妒 / 恶妒 (Hokkien)
* 欣羨 / 欣羡 (xīnxiàn) (literary or Min Nan)
* 歆羨 / 歆羡 (xīnxiàn) (literary or Min Nan)
* 目空刺 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 眼氣 / 眼气 (nie$^2$ qi$^3$) (Jin)
* 眼紅 / 眼红 (yǎnhóng)
* 紅目 / 红目 (Hokkien)
* 羨慕 / 羡慕 (xiànmù)
* 豔羨 / 艳羡 (yànxiàn) (formal)
* 赤狗目 (Quanzhou Hokkien)

### Etymology 2

Phono-semantic matching of Burmese ပူတာအို (putaui).

#### Proper noun

葡萄
* Putao (a town in Myanmar)
* (～鎮) Putao Township (in Myanmar)
* (～縣) Putao District (in Myanmar)

### Further reading

* “Entry #10015”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* 古今农业2010年第2期 73. 再论吐 鲁番文书中葡萄名称问题

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 葡 | 萄 |
| ぶ Jinmeiyō | どう Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi ||
From Middle Chinese 葡萄 (buo-dâu) (compare modern Mandarin pútáo), from Bactrian *bādāwa (“wine”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぶどー [bùdóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [bɯ̟do̞ː]

#### Noun

葡(ぶ)萄(どう) or 葡萄(ブドウ) • (budō)
* grape, grapevine
    Synonym: 蒲桃 (hotō)

##### Derived terms

* 焦性葡萄酸(しょうせいぶどうさん) (shōseibudōsan, “pyruvic acid”)
* 葡萄色(ぶどういろ) (budōiro, “grape (colour)”)
* 葡萄園(ぶどうえん) (budōen, “vineyard”)
* 葡萄球菌(ぶどうきゅうきん) (budōkyūkin, “staphylococcus”)
* 葡萄栽培(ぶどうさいばい) (budōsaibai, “viticulture”)
* 葡萄酒(ぶどうしゅ) (budōshu, “wine”)
* 葡萄石(ぶどうせき) (budōseki, “prehnite”)
* 葡萄畑(ぶどうばたけ) (budōbatake, “vineyard”)
* 葡萄弾(ぶどうだん) (budōdan, “grapeshot”)
* 葡萄糖(ぶどうとう) (budōtō, “glucose”)
* 葡萄膜(ぶどうまく) (budōmaku, “uvea”)
* 干(ほ)し葡萄(ぶどう) (hoshibudō, “raisin”)
* 山葡萄(やまぶどう) (yamabudō, “crimson glory vine”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 葡 | 萄 |
| えび ||
| Jinmeiyō | Jinmeiyō |
| jukujikun ||

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [e̞bʲi]

#### Noun

葡萄(えび) • (ebi)
* (obsolete) grape

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 葡 | 萄 |

### Noun

葡萄 • (podo) (hangeul 포도)
* hanja form of 포도 (“grape”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 葡 | 萄 |

### Noun

葡萄
* chữ Hán form of bồ đào (“grape”).