# き

| き | U+304D, &#12365; HIRAGANA LETTER KI |
| ← が [U+304C] | Hiragana | ぎ → [U+304E] |

## Japanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʲi]

### Etymology 1

Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana kanji 幾 in the cursive sōsho style.

#### Syllable

き • (ki)
* The hiragana syllable き (ki). Its equivalent in katakana is キ (ki). It is the seventh syllable in the gojūon order; its position is か行い段 (ka-gyō i-dan, “row ka, section i”).

##### Derived terms

* ぎ (gi)

##### See also

* (Hiragana) 平仮名; あぁ, いぃ, うぅゔ, えぇ, おぉ, かゕが, きぎ, くぐ, けゖげ, こ𛄲 (𛄲)ご, さざ, しじ, すず, せぜ, そぞ, ただ, ちぢ, つっづ, てで, とど, な, に, ぬ, ね, の, はばぱ, ひびぴ, ふぶぷ, へべぺ, ほぼぽ, ま, み, む, め, も, やゃ, 𛀆, ゆゅ, 𛀁, よょ, らら゚, りり゚, るる゚, れれ゚, ろろ゚, わゎわ゙, ゐ𛅐 (𛅐)ゐ゙, 𛄟 (𛄟), ゑ𛅑 (𛅑)ゑ゙, を𛅒 (𛅒)を゙, ん, ー, ゝ, ゞ, ゟ

### Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of き – see the following entries. :
| 【木】1 | [noun] a tree or shrub [noun] wood, timber, lumber [noun] (graph theory, computer science) a tree (data structure) [noun] (theater, sumo, etc.) a clapper used to signal the opening or closing of a match or play Alternative spelling 樹 |
| 【来】2 | [verb] stem or continuative form of 来る (kuru) |
| 【生】1 | [noun] purity, a lack of any admixture, a state of being undiluted [prefix] unrefined [prefix] pure, undefiled, unadulterated |
| 【気】1 | [noun] spirit, mood [noun] inclination, will, mood, urge [noun] feeling, sense [noun] air, gas [noun] air, nature, disposition, sense [noun] This term needs a translation to English. |
| 【汽】2 | [affix] steam; vapor |
| 【帰】2 | [affix] to return; to come back to [affix] to follow; to submit |
| 【記】2 | [affix] to record; to mark [affix] to remember; to keep in mind [noun] a chronicle [suffix] chronicle, history, account, record [proper noun] Short for 古事記 (Kojiki): the oldest extant record of the history of ancient Japan [proper noun] a surname |
| 【起】3 | [affix] to rise; to get up; to stand up [affix] to start; to begin; to cause; to bring about [affix] origin; cause; beginning |
| 【期】3 | [affix] time; period [affix] to expect; to look forward to [suffix] period (of time) [suffix] (television show) season [suffix] geological age |
| 【希】4 | [affix] to hope [affix] rare; scarce [affix] sparse; dilute Alternative spellings 稀, け |
| 【季】4 | [affix] season [affix] end of a period [affix] youngest |
| 【紀】5 | [noun] chronicle, written record [noun] (geology) period [proper noun] a surname [proper noun] Short for 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Nihon Shoki”). [proper noun] Short for 紀伊 (Kii, “Kii Province”). [affix] rule; regulation [affix] age; era; period [affix] to record; to write down |
| 【喜】5 | [affix] joy; delight; pleasure |
| 【旗】4 | [affix] flag; banner [noun] banner (type of administrative division in Inner Mongolia, China) |
| 【器】4 | [affix] device; instrument [affix] container; vessel [suffix] device; instrument Alternative spelling 噐 |
| 【機】4 | [noun] a machine, a device; a contraption [noun] (weaving) a loom [noun] an opportunity, a chance to do something; the right time or moment [noun] something of great importance: the linchpin of the matter [noun] resourcefulness [noun] (Buddhism) the moment of being moved into action by the teachings of the Buddha: see 機根 (kikon) [noun] by extension, the workings of the heart or mind in general [noun] in Noh theater, the breath of the mind [noun] short for 飛行機 (hikōki): an airplane, an aircraft [noun] short for 機関銃 (kikanjū): a machine gun [counter] indicates aircraft [counter] indicates paper aeroplanes [counter] indicates lives in video games [suffix] indicates machines [suffix] indicates airplanes |
| 【基】5 | [affix] foundation; base; basis [affix] (chemistry) a group; a radical [counter] counter for grounded things (e.g. pyramids, electric power plants, wells, toro (Japanese traditional lantern), tombs) [counter] counter for wooden grave tablets (卒塔婆 (sotoba)) |
| 【己】6 | [proper noun] the sixth of the ten heavenly stems |
| 【貴】6 | [prefix] (archaic) added to nouns related to people to indicate superiority [prefix] (archaic) added to nouns to indicate respect and possession: your [suffix] added after nouns related to people to express love and respect |
| 【忌】S | [noun] mourning [noun] anniversary of someone's death |
| 【奇】S | [adjective] strange [noun] strangeness |
| 【祈】S | [affix] to pray [affix] to wish |
| 【姫】S | [suffix] lady |
| 【飢】S | [affix] hungry; starve |
| 【鬼】S | [proper noun] (Chinese astronomy) the Ghost constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions |
| 【亀】S | [affix] tortoise, turtle [affix] tortoise shell used in divination |
| 【騎】S | [affix] riding on horseback [affix] a horseperson [counter] [early 1200s] horseperson [noun] riding on horseback [noun] [1877] (rare) a horseperson |
| 【癸】H | [proper noun] the tenth of the ten heavenly stems; [proper noun] the tenth rank; something J |
| 【冀】H | [affix] hope for, look forward to, wish [proper noun] (historical) Short for 冀州 (Kishū): Ji Province [proper noun] Synonym of 河北 (Kahoku): Hebei Province |
(This term, き (ki), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as き, see Category:Japanese kanji read as き.) :
(The following entries are uncreated: 寄, 規, 危, 机, 揮, 企, 肌, 岐, 軌, 既, 幾, 棋, 棄, 毀, 畿, 輝, 稀, 綺, 嬉, 毅, 窺, 徽, 几, 悸, 愧, 詭, 跪, 麾, 騏, 饑, 羈, 驥.)

### Etymology 3
#### Suffix

き • (-ki)
* (Classical Japanese) Indicates past tense: -ed
    Used when the speaker has directly experienced the event described, as opposed to けり.

##### Usage notes

Follows the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of inflectable words, except:
| | 終止形 (“terminal”) | 連体形 (“attributive”) | 已然形 (“realis”) |
| 来(く) (ku) + き | (unattested) | こし (koshi) | こしか (koshika) |
| す (su) + き | しき (shiki) | せし (seshi) | せしか (seshika) |
This word is morphologically an inflectional suffix. It is classified as 助動詞 (jodōshi, “auxiliary verb”) in traditional Japanese grammar.

##### Conjugation

Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | せ け | せ け | se ke |
| Continuative (連用形) | | | - |
| Terminal (終止形) | き | き | ki |
| Attributive (連体形) | し | し | si |
| Realis (已然形) | しか | しか | sika |
| Imperative (命令形) | | | - |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | ざりき$^{[1]}$ | ざりき$^{[1]}$ | zariki |
| Contrasting conjunction | しかど | しかど | sikado |
| Causal conjunction | しかば | しかば | sikaba |
| Conditional conjunction | せば けば | せば けば | seba keba |
| $^{[1]}$Use past tense of ず ||||

##### Derived terms

* けり (keri)

##### Related terms

* けむ (kemu) (possibly a derivative)

#### See also

* けり (keri)