# عسكر
## Arabic
### Etymology

Probably from Middle Persian lškl (/⁠laškar⁠/) with the -l- interpreted as the Arabic article ال (al-). Compare modern Persian لشکر (laškar). Alternatively and less likely, from Latin exercitus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕas.kar/

### Noun

عَسْكَر • (ʕaskar) m (plural عَسَاكِر (ʕasākir))
* army, soldiers

#### Derived terms

* عَسْكَرِيّ (ʕaskariyy)

#### Descendants

* Andalusian Arabic: عَسْكَر
* → Classical Syriac: ܥܣܟܪ (ʿaskar)
* → Kamviri: askar
* → Persian: عسکر ('askar)
** → Ottoman Turkish: عسكر (asker)
*** Turkish: asker
*** → Azerbaijani: əsgər
*** → Bashkir: ғәскәр (ğəskər)
*** → Armenian: ասկեր (asker), ասքար (askʻar), ասկյար (askyar)
*** → Bulgarian: аске́р (askér)
*** → Crimean Tatar: asker
*** → Greek: ασκέρι (askéri)
*** ⇒ Indonesian: laskar
*** → Kazakh: әскер (äsker)
*** → Kyrgyz: аскер (asker)
*** → Ladino: asker
*** → Laz: ასქერი (askeri), ასკერი (asǩeri) — Atina, Vizha, Artasheni
*** → Malay:
    Latin script: askar
    Arabic script: عسکر
*** → Macedonian: аскер (asker)
*** ⇒ Northern Kurdish: leşker
*** → Russian: аске́р (askér), эске́р (eskér)
*** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: а̏скер
    Latin script: ȁsker
*** → Tajik: аскар (askar)
*** → Tatar: гаскәр (ğaskär)
*** → Turkmen: esger
*** → Uyghur: ئەسكەر (esker)
*** → Uzbek: askar
* → Polish: asker
* → Swedish: askar
* → Zazaki: esker

### Verb

عَسْكَرَ • (ʕaskara) Iq (non-past يُعَسْكِرُ (yuʕaskiru), verbal noun عَسْكَرَة (ʕaskara))
* to militarize
* to encamp

#### Conjugation
## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic عَسْكَر (ʕaskar).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕas.kar/

### Noun

عسكر • (ʕaskar) m
* armed forces, soldiers

#### Derived terms

* عسكري (ʕaskri)

#### See also

* جيش (jayš, jīš)

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَسْكَر (ʕaskar, “army, soldiers”), probably from Middle Persian lškl (/⁠laškar⁠/). Doublet of لشكر (leşker, “army”).

### Noun

عسكر • (ʼasker) (definite accusative عسكری (ʼaskeri), plural عساكر (ʼasakir) or عسكرلر (ʼaskerler))
* army, a highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground operations
    Synonyms: اردو (ordu), جند (cünd), جیش (ceyiş), چری (çeri), لشكر (leşker)
* soldier, a member of a ground-based army, of any rank, especially an enlisted one
    Synonym: چری (çeri)
** 1927 October, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nutuk‎, page 5:مرزیفون و صامسونده انكلیز عسكرلری بولونیور.Merzifon ve Samsun'da ingiliz askerleri bulunuyor.There are British soldiers in Merzifon and Samsun.
* troop, any large group or detachment of soldiers usually commanded by a captain

#### Derived terms

* سرعسكر (serʼasker, “commander in chief”)
* عسكر اوجاقلری (ʼasker ocakları, “military colonies”)
* عسكر یازمق (ʼasker yazmak, “to recruit soldiers”)
* عسكر یوقلامه‌سی (ʼasker yoklaması, “military inspection”)
* عسكرگاه (ʼaskergâh, “military camp”)
* عسكری (ʼaskeri, “military, pertaining to the army”)
* عسكریه (ʼaskeriye, “military point of view”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: asker
* → Azerbaijani: əsgər
* → Bashkir: ғәскәр (ğəskər)
* → Armenian: ասկեր (asker), ասքար (askʻar), ասկյար (askyar)
* → Bulgarian: аске́р (askér)
* → Crimean Tatar: asker
* → Greek: ασκέρι (askéri)
* ⇒ Indonesian: laskar
* → Kazakh: әскер (äsker)
* → Kyrgyz: аскер (asker)
* → Ladino: asker
* → Laz: ასქერი (askeri), ასკერი (asǩeri) — Atina, Vizha, Artasheni
* → Malay:
    Latin script: askar
    Arabic script: عسکر
* → Macedonian: аскер (asker)
* ⇒ Northern Kurdish: leşker
* → Russian: аске́р (askér), эске́р (eskér)
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: а̏скер
    Latin script: ȁsker
* → Tajik: аскар (askar)
* → Tatar: гаскәр (ğaskär)
* → Turkmen: esger
* → Uyghur: ئەسكەر (esker)
* → Uzbek: askar

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “asker2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 318
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “asker”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 56
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “عسكر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 846
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Exercitus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 502
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “عسكر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3264
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “asker”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “عسكر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1300