# desa
## Balinese
### Romanization

desa
* Romanization of ᬤᬾᬰ.

## Blagar
### Noun

desa
* village

### References

* Antoinette Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1 (2014), p. 165

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈdɛ.zə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ˈdə.zə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈde.za]

### Verb

desa
* inflection of desar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay desa, from Sanskrit देश (deśa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdɛ.sa]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -sa, -a
* Hyphenation: dè‧sa

### Noun

dèsa (plural desa-desa)
* village
** (government) rural fourth-level division in Indonesia.
    Hyponym: kalurahan
* rural area
* country

#### Usage notes

* Desa was sixth-level administrative division in Java, Dutch East Indies, which was replaced by Japanese 區, 区 (ku) during Japanese occupation.
* Desa is used for denoting rural fourth-level administrative division in Indonesia, which is a continuation from previous Dutch and Japanese administration division.
* Due to special status of Yogyakarta, rural fourth-level division is called kalurahan, an unadapted borrowing, which is known as desa (literally “village”) in other part of Indonesia, while the urbanized one kept the adapted spelling of kelurahan.

#### Derived terms

* kedesa-desaan
* kedesaan
* pedesaan
* perdesaan
* sedesa
* desa abdi
* desa kaputihan
* desa merah
* desa mijen
* desa pakuncen
* desa perdikan
* desa peristiwa
* desa praja
* desa siaga
* desa swadaya
* desa swakarya
* desa swasembada
* desa wisata
* desa wisma

### Further reading

* “desa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latvian
### Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *deš-, from Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to cut, to sever, to split into fibers”). A minority opinion derives desa from a different stem *deḱ- (“to remove, to take out”). Cognates include Lithuanian dešrà, dialectal dešerà, Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐌻 (tagl, “hair”), Old Norse tagl (“horsehair”), Old High German zagal (“tail, rod”), Old English tægl (“tail”), English tail, Sanskrit देशा (deśā, “fringe of cloth; lamp wick”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dæsa]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

desa f (4th declension)
* sausage (meat product made of ground meat and seasonings stuffed into an animal's intestine or some similar cylindrical material)
    cūkgaļas desa ― pork sausage
    aknu desa ― liver sausage
    žāvētās desas ― dried sausages
    desās pārstrādā gaļu un iekšējos orgānus ― one processes meat and internal organs into sausages
    brālis skubināja, lai pamērcējot desu sinepēs ― the brother urged for the sausage to be seasoned in mustard

#### Derived terms

* (dated) desinieks, desiniece
* (colloquial) desot
* (colloquial) muļķadesa, muļķa desa

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “desa”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

## Malay
### Etymology

From Sanskrit देश (deśa).

### Noun

desa (Jawi spelling ديسا, plural desa-desa, informal 1st possessive desaku, 2nd possessive desamu, 3rd possessive desanya)
* country
* town, village

#### Synonyms

* kampung

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: desa
* → Min Nan: 禮些 / 礼些 (lése)

### References

* ↑ Salmon Claudine. Malay (and Javanese) Loan-words in Chinese as a Mirror of Cultural Exchanges. In: Archipel, volume 78, 2009. pp. 181-208

### Further reading

* “desa” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀤𑁂𑀲 (Brahmi script)
* देस (Devanagari script)
* দেস (Bengali script)
* දෙස (Sinhalese script)
* ဒေသ or ၻေသ (Burmese script)
* เทส or เทสะ (Thai script)
* ᨴᩮᩈ (Tai Tham script)
* ເທສ or ເທສະ (Lao script)
* ទេស (Khmer script)
* 𑄘𑄬𑄥 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit देश (deśa).

### Noun

desa m
* point
* place, region
* country

#### Descendants

* → Burmese: ဒေသ (desa.)
* → Thai: เทศ (têet)
* → Khmer: ទេស (teeh)

### References

Childers, Robert Caesar, Dictionary of the Päli language, London: Trübner & Company, 1875, page 114.

## Spanish
### Etymology

* preposition de + pronoun esa

### Contraction

desa
* (obsolete) of that, from that (followed by a feminine noun in singular)

#### Related terms

* desa
* desas
* dese
* deses
* deso
* desos

### Further reading

* “dese”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10