OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# reindýr
## Faroese
### Etymology

from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɹɔinˌdʊiːɹ/

### Noun

reindýr n (genitive singular reindýrs, plural reindýr)
* reindeer (an animal of the species Rangifer tarandus)

#### Synonyms

* reindjór

#### Derived terms

* reindýrahald
* reindýrakjøt
* reindýraskón

#### Related terms

* reintarvur
* reinkúgv
* hjartahorn
* hjørtur
* elgur
* skón
* mosi

### Gallery

* reindýr (Rangifer tarandus)
* reindýr
# migratório
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin migrātōrius. By surface analysis, migrar (“to migrate”) +‎ -tório (“-tory”). Piecewise doublet of migradoira and migradoura.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /mi.ɡɾaˈtɔ.ɾi.u/ [mi.ɡɾaˈtɔ.ɾɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /mi.ɡɾaˈtɔ.ɾju/
* (Brazil) IPA: /mi.ɡɾaˈtɔ.ɾi.u/ [mi.ɡɾaˈtɔ.ɾɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /mi.ɡɾaˈtɔ.ɾju/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /mi.ɡɾaˈtɔ.ɾi.o/ [mi.ɡɾaˈtɔ.ɾɪ.o], (faster pronunciation) /mi.ɡɾaˈtɔ.ɾjo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mi.ɡɾɐˈtɔ.ɾju/ [mi.ɣɾɐˈtɔ.ɾju]
* Rhymes: -ɔɾiu, (faster pronunciation) -ɔɾju
* Hyphenation: mi‧gra‧tó‧ri‧o

### Adjective

migratório (feminine migratória, masculine plural migratórios, feminine plural migratórias, not comparable)
* migrant; migratory (that migrates)
    Synonyms: migrante, migrador
    O beija-flor é uma ave migratória.The hummingbird is a migratory bird.
* (relational) migration
    O processo migratório demorou alguns meses.The migration process took a few months.

#### Related terms

* emigratório
* imigratório
* migração
* migrador
# стягати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From с- (s-) +‎ тяга́ти (tjaháty) or стяг- (stjah-) +‎ -а́ти (-áty). Compare Belarusian сцяга́ць (scjahácʹ), Polish ściągać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sʲtʲɐˈɦate]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

стяга́ти • (stjaháty) impf (perfective стягну́ти or стягти́) (transitive)
* to tighten, to pull tighter
* to constrict
* to draw together, to pull together (attract or bring into one place)
* to draw up, to gather (:forces, troops, etc.)
* to pull, to pull away, to pull off [with з (z, + genitive) ‘from/off’]
* to exact, to extract, to levy (to force payment of: fee, money due, tax, etc.)

#### Synonyms

* (all senses): стя́гувати impf (stjáhuvaty)

#### Derived terms

* стяга́ння n (stjahánnja)
* стяга́тися impf (stjahátysja)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1978), “стягати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 9 (С), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 810
* “стягати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “стягати”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “стягати”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “стягати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “стягати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# seleto
## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* selecto (pre-1990 spelling)

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɛtu
* (Brazil) IPA: /seˈlɛ.tu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /seˈlɛ.tu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /seˈlɛ.to/
* (Portugal) IPA: /sɨˈlɛ.tu/
* Hyphenation: se‧le‧to

### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin sēlēctus.

#### Adjective

seleto (feminine seleta, masculine plural seletos, feminine plural seletas)
* selected (that has been selected or chosen)
    Synonym: selecionado
* choice; select (especially good or preferred)

##### Related terms

* seleção
* selecionar

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

seleto
* first-person singular present indicative of seletar

### References

* ↑ “seleto”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
# villan
## English
### Noun

villan (plural villans)
* Obsolete form of villain.

### References

* “villan”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* Vallin

## Finnish
### Noun

villan
* genitive singular of villa

### Anagrams

* vallin

## Hungarian
### Etymology

First attested in 1805. From the same Proto-Finno-Ugric stem as világ and villog + -an (“verb-forming suffix”). Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvilːɒn]
* Hyphenation: vil‧lan
* Rhymes: -ɒn

### Verb

villan
* (intransitive) to flash, glint (to gleam briefly)

#### Derived terms

* villanás
* átvillan
* belevillan
* bevillan
* felvillan
* keresztülvillan
* kivillan
* megvillan
* összevillan
* rávillan
* visszavillan

### References

* ↑ villan in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* villan in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Swedish
### Noun

villan
* definite singular of villa
# limahid
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* limahir — dialectal, Rizal, informal

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /liˈmahid/ [lɪˈmaː.hɪd̪̚] (“shabbiness; bruise; whip mark”, noun)
*** Rhymes: -ahid
** IPA: /limaˈhid/ [lɪ.mɐˈhid̪̚] (“shabbily dressed”, adjective)
*** Rhymes: -id
* Syllabification: li‧ma‧hid

### Noun

limahid (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜋᜑᜒᜇ᜔)
* extreme untidiness; shabbiness (of clothes and body)
    Synonym: panlilimahid
* (obsolete) bruise (on the body)
* (obsolete) mark left by a strike of a whip

#### Derived terms

* ipanlimahid
* malimahiran
* manlimahid
* nanlilimahid
* panlilimahid

### Adjective

limahíd (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜋᜑᜒᜇ᜔)
* shabbily dressed
    Synonyms: nanlilimahid, limahi, alapot

### References

* “limahid”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
# län
## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɛːn/
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

From Old Swedish län, from Middle Low German lēn and from late Old Norse lén, whence also Danish len, Norwegian len, Icelandic lén, Faroese len. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *laihną "loan, fief".

#### Noun

län n
* (historical) fief, fiefdom
* a county, a political subdivision of the Swedish state roughly corresponding to a British county

##### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | län | läns |
| singular | definite | länet | länets |
| plural | indefinite | län | läns |
| plural | definite | länen | länens |

##### Related terms

* förläna
* landshövding
* länsantikvarie
* länsarbetsdirektör
* länsarbetsnämnd
* länsarkitekt
* länsassessor
* länsbibliotek
* länsbibliotekarie
* länsbo
* länsbokstav
* länsbostadsnämnd
* länsdelssjukhus
* länsdemokrati
* länsförbund
* länsgräns
* länsherre
* länsindelning
* länsjägmästare
* länskonstnär
* länslasarett
* länsläkare
* länsman
* länsmuseum
* länsmyndighet
* länsnotarie
* länsplanering
* länspolischef
* länspolismästare
* länsresidens
* länsråd
* länsrätt
* länssjukhus
* länsskatterätt
* länsskolinspektör
* länsstyrelse
* länsveterinär
* länsvis
* länsväg
* länsväsen
* länsväsende
* länsåklagare
* länsöverdirektör
* läntagare
* skogslän
* slottslän

### Etymology 2

From Turkish lan.

#### Noun

län
* Alternative form of len (“friend, buddy, pal”)

### References

* ↑ Utrikes namnbok (7th ed., 2007) →ISBN
* län in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

## Volapük
### Etymology

Borrowed from English land and German Land.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɛn/

### Noun

län (nominative plural läns)
* country (nation state)
** 1952, Arie de Jong, Diatek nulik: Gospul ma ‚Matthaeus’. Kapit: II:E bi pinunedoms in drim nemü God ad no gegolön lü ‚Herodes’, ädatävoms ve veg votik lü län oksik.But they were given a warning in a dream in the name of God not to go back to Herod, and returned to their own country by a different way.

#### Declension

* $^1$ status as a case is disputed
* $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

#### Derived terms

* fedalän
* länäd
* läned
# illat
## Finnish
### Noun

illat
* nominative plural of ilta

### Anagrams

* allit, lilat, talli

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From obsolete illik (“to disappear, to run away”) +‎ -at (noun-forming suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈilːɒt]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: il‧lat
* Rhymes: -ɒt

### Noun

illat (plural illatok)
* fragrance, scent
    Hypernym: (smell, odor) szag
    Coordinate term: (stink, stench) bűz

#### Derived terms

* illatos
* illatozik
* illattalan
* illatú
* fenyőillat
* illatszer
* virágillat

### Further reading

* illat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# itale
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

itale
* in the Italian language
* in the manner of an Italian person

#### Related terms

* itala (“Italian”)
* Italio (“Italy”)
* italo (“an Italian person”)

## Italian
### Adjective

itale
* feminine plural of italo

### Anagrams

* Leati, alite, ateli, lieta, telai

## Latin
### Noun

itale
* vocative singular of italus
# kakawin
## English
### Noun

kakawin (plural kakawins or kakawin)
* A long narrative poem composed in Old Javanese, with rhythms and meters derived from Sanskrit literature.

## Balinese
### Romanization

kakawin
* Romanization of ᬓᬓᬯᬶᬦ᭄

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Reanalyzed as kawi +‎ ke- -an, from Old Javanese kakawin, from Sanskrit कवि (kavi, “poet”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kaˈka.wɪn]
* Hyphenation: ka‧ka‧win

### Noun

kakawin (plural kakawin-kakawin)
* (literature) kakawin.

#### Alternative forms

* kekawin

#### Related terms

* makakawin

### Further reading

* “kakawin” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

kakawin
* Romanization of ꦏꦏꦮꦶꦤ꧀

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Affixed kawi +‎ ka- -(a)n.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.ka.win/
* Rhymes: -win
* Hyphenation: ka‧ka‧win

### Noun

kakawin
* poem

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦏꦏꦮꦶꦤ꧀ (kakawin)
** → Indonesian: kakawin
* → Balinese: ᬓᬓᬯᬶᬦ᭄ (kakawin)

### Further reading

* "kakawin" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
# performa
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch performance, from English performance or French performance.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pərˈfɔrma]
* Hyphenation: pêr‧for‧ma

### Noun

pêrforma (plural performa-performa)
* performance:
** the act of performing; carrying into execution or action; execution; representation by action.
    Synonym: pelaksanaan
** achievement; accomplishment.
    Synonyms: pencapaian, prestasi
** (art) a live show or concert.
    Synonyms: penampilan, persembahan, sajian, unjuk kerja
** (management) the amount of useful work accomplished estimated in terms of time needed, resources used, etc.
    Synonyms: kinerja, unjuk kerja
    Synonym: prestasi (Standard Malay)
** (linguistics) the actual use of language in concrete situations by native speakers of a language, as opposed to the system of linguistic knowledge they possess (competence), cf. linguistic performance.
    Synonym: pemakaian
* Synonym of penampilan.

#### Related terms

* performer

### Further reading

* “performa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Verb

performa
* inflection of performare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* preforma

## Spanish
### Verb

performa
* inflection of performar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
# komunike
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch communiqué, from French communiqué.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [komuˈnike]
* Hyphenation: ko‧mu‧ni‧ké
* Rhymes: -ke, -e

### Noun

komuniké (uncountable)
* (politics) communiqué: An official report or statement, such as a government press release or the report of a conference.

#### Related terms

* koman
* komunal
* komune
* komuni
* komunikan
* komunikasi
* komunis
* komunisme
* komunistis
* komunitas
* telekomunikasi

### Further reading

* “komunike” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* komunìkej, kominìkē, kominìkēj

### Etymology

From French communiqué.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /komunǐke/
* Hyphenation: ko‧mu‧ni‧ke

### Noun

komunìke m (Cyrillic spelling комунѝке)
* communiqué

#### Declension
### References

* “komunike”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# quietezza
## Italian
### Etymology

From quieto +‎ -ezza.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kwjeˈtet.t͡sa/
* Rhymes: -ettsa
* Hyphenation: quie‧téz‧za

### Noun

quietezza f (plural quietezze) (rare)
* a state of rest
* inertia
* (figurative) calmness, peacefulness

#### Related terms

* irrequietezza
* quietare
* quiete
* quietudine
# протягти
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From про- (pro-) +‎ тягти́ (tjahtý).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prɔtʲɐɦˈtɪ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

протягти́ • (protjahtý) pf (imperfective протяга́ти or протя́гувати)
* (transitive) to stretch, to extend (to lengthen by pulling)
* (transitive) to extend, to hold out, to reach out, to stretch out (:hand, something held)
* (transitive) to pull through
    протягти́ ни́тку крізь ву́шко го́лкиprotjahtý nýtku krizʹ vúško hólkyto pull a thread through the eye of a needle
* (transitive) to drag, to drag along
* (transitive, colloquial) to drag out, to draw out, to prolong, to protract (:duration, moment, etc.)
* (transitive) to prolong, to sustain (:musical note)
* (transitive) to drawl (:speech, words)
* (perfective only, intransitive, colloquial) to hold out, to last, to last out (to endure for a certain time)
    Він до́вго не протя́гне. ― Vin dóvho ne protjáhne. ― He won't last long.
* (perfective only, transitive, colloquial) to lambast, to tear apart (to criticize (in the media, press, etc.))

#### Synonyms

* (all senses): протягну́ти pf (protjahnúty)
* (to hold out, to last, to last out): протри́ма́тися pf (protrýmátysja)

#### Derived terms

* протягти́ся pf (protjahtýsja)

#### Related terms

* про́тяг m (prótjah)
* про́тягом (prótjahom)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1977), “протягнути”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 8 (Природа – Ряхтливий), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 330
* “протягти”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “протягти”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “протягти”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “протягти”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# šúŋka
## Lakota
### Etymology

From Proto-Siouan *wašų́ke.

### Noun

šúŋka
* dog
* horse

#### Derived terms

* tȟašúŋke
* šuŋgmánitu
* šuŋgʼákaŋ
* šuŋǧíla
* šúŋka wičháša
* šúŋkawakȟáŋ
# முன்
## Tamil
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *mun. Cognate with Malayalam മുൻ (muṉ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mʊn/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

முன் • (muṉ)
* anteriority

### Postposition

முன் • (muṉ)
* before [with dative]

#### Derived terms

* முன்கை (muṉkai)
* முன்னடியார் (muṉṉaṭiyār)
* முன்னடியில் (muṉṉaṭiyil)
* முன்னணி (muṉṉaṇi)
* முன்னதாக (muṉṉatāka)
* முன்னர் (muṉṉar)
* முன்னாடி (muṉṉāṭi)
* முன்னுற (muṉṉuṟa)
* முன்னே (muṉṉē)
* முன்னேற்றம் (muṉṉēṟṟam)
* முன்னொட்டு (muṉṉoṭṭu)
* முன்னோர் (muṉṉōr)
* முன்பனி (muṉpaṉi)
* முன்பால் (muṉpāl)
* முன்பிற்படி (muṉpiṟpaṭi)
* முன்பிலாண்டு (muṉpilāṇṭu)
* முன்பில் (muṉpil)
* முன்பு (muṉpu)
* முன்புருவம் (muṉpuruvam)
* முன்மாதிரி (muṉmātiri)
* முன்முகனை (muṉmukaṉai)

### Antonyms

* பின் (piṉ)
# відстежити
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From від- (vid-) +‎ сте́жити (stéžyty).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʋʲid͡zˈstɛʒete]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

відсте́жити • (vidstéžyty) pf (imperfective відсте́жувати)
* (transitive) to track, to monitor, to trace (to observe state, development or movement)
    Synonym: відслідкува́ти pf (vidslidkuváty)

#### Derived terms

* відсте́ження n (vidstéžennja)

### References

* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “відстежити”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 3 (відстава́ння – ґура́льня), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “відстежити”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “відстежити”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “відстежити”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
# ম্লেচ্ছ
## Bengali
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit म्लेच्छ (mleccha).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /mlet͡ʃʰːo/, [ˈmlet͡ʃʰːoˑ], /milet͡ʃʰːo/, [ˈmilet͡ʃʰːoˑ]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /mletɕʰːo/, [ˈmletɕʰːoˑ], /miletɕʰːo/, [ˈmiletɕʰːoˑ]

### Noun

ম্লেচ্ছ • (mleccho)
* (historical) a member of a non-Aryan tribe in ancient India
* a Greek settler in India
* (loosely) a non-Hindu
* (historical) the mlecchas

#### Derived terms

* ম্লেচ্ছদেশ (mlecchodeś)
* ম্লেচ্ছাচার (mlecchacar)
* ম্লেচ্ছাচারী (mlecchacari)

### References

* Biswas, Sailendra (2000) “ম্লেচ্ছ”, in Samsad Bengali-English dictionary, 3rd edition, Calcutta: Sahitya Samsad, →OCLC.
# peixenca
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [pəˈʃɛŋ.kə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [pəˈʃəŋ.kə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [pejˈʃeŋ.ka]

### Adjective

peixenca f sg
* feminine singular of peixenc

### Noun

peixenca f (plural peixenques)
* One of a subgroup of brittlegills having a distinctive fishy odour.
    Synonym: cualbra peixenca

#### Derived terms

* peixenca de faig
* peixenca de salenca
* peixenca d’alzina
* peixenca vellutada
# divulgar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dīvulgāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [di.βulˈɣa]
* IPA: (Balearic) [di.vulˈɣa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [di.vulˈɣaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

divulgar (first-person singular present divulgo, first-person singular preterite divulguí, past participle divulgat)
* to divulge, disclose

#### Related terms

* divulgació

### Further reading

* “divulgar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “divulgar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “divulgar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “divulgar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Occitan
### Etymology

From Latin dīvulgō.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

divulgar
* (transitive) to divulge

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* Joan de Cantalausa (2006) Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians‎, 2 edition, →ISBN, page 357.
* Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 228.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dīvulgāre.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /d͡ʒi.vuwˈɡa(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.vuʊ̯ˈɡa(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /d͡ʒi.vuwˈɡa(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.vuʊ̯ˈɡa(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /d͡ʒi.vuwˈɡa(ɾ)/ [d͡ʒi.vuʊ̯ˈɡa(ɾ)]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /d͡ʒi.vuwˈɡa(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.vuʊ̯ˈɡa(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /d͡ʒi.vuwˈɡa(ɻ)/ [d͡ʒi.vuʊ̯ˈɡa(ɻ)]
* (Portugal) IPA: /di.vulˈɡaɾ/ [di.vuɫˈɣaɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /di.vulˈɡaɾ/ [di.vuɫˈɣaɾ]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /di.bulˈɡaɾ/ [di.βuɫˈɣaɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /di.vulˈɡa.ɾi/ [di.vuɫˈɣa.ɾi]

### Verb

divulgar (first-person singular present divulgo, first-person singular preterite divulguei, past participle divulgado)
* to spread, disseminate, popularize
* to advertise, publicize, promote
* to divulge, disclose, expose

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:divulgar.

#### Related terms

* divulgação
* divulgado
* divulgar-se

### Further reading

* “divulgar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin dīvulgāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dibulˈɡaɾ/ [d̪i.β̞ulˈɣ̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: di‧vul‧gar

### Verb

divulgar (first-person singular present divulgo, first-person singular preterite divulgué, past participle divulgado)
* to divulge, disclose

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* divulgación

### Further reading

* “divulgar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ka̠u̠ʔ⁵⁵
## Pela
### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/r-kawk ~ s/r-kwak (“outer covering; bark; rind; skin”). Cognate with Burmese အခေါက် (a.hkauk, “bark, shell”), Tibetan སྐོགས (skogs, “bark, shell, cover”), ཀོག་པ (kog pa, “covering”), Chinese 殼 (OC *kʰroːɡ), Nuosu ꇷ (gur) ~ ꁱꇷ (bbur gur, “shell; bark”), Nusu kʰu̠⁵³ ɣɹi³³ (“skin”), Lisu ꓗꓴꓹ (kǔ, “bark”), Hani alhov (“peel, bark”), Naxi gvl (“shell, peel”), Japhug tɤ-rqʰu (“shell, bark”), Situ ʃə-ʂkʰo (“bark”), Limbu ᤜᤰ (hôk, “bark, skin”) and Galo a kuk (“bark”). Compare Lhao Vo akaug’ (“bark”), Zaiwa gvuq (“bark, skin”), Mangshi Achang a³¹ kʰok⁵⁵ (“shell”) and Hpon ăkhwé (“bark”).

### Pronunciation

IPA: /ka̠u̠ʔ⁵⁵/

### Noun

ka̠u̠ʔ⁵⁵
* (in compounds) bark; peel; skin

#### Derived terms

* a³¹ ka̠u̠ʔ⁵⁵ (“bark, skin, shell”)
* nɔ̠t⁵⁵ ka̠u̠ʔ⁵⁵ (“lips”, literally “mouth skin”)
* sak⁵⁵ ka̠u̠ʔ⁵⁵ (“tree bark”)
* ʃă ka̠u̠ʔ⁵⁵ (“skin”)

#### See also

* ʃa³⁵ (“meat; flesh”)
* ʃă ɣu⁵¹ (“bone”)

### References

* Dai Qingxia, Jiang Ying, Kong Zhien, A Study of Pela Language (2007; Publishing House of Minority Nationalities, Beijing)
* Huang Bufan (editor), Xu Shouchun, Chen Jiaying, Wang Huiyin, A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon (1992; Central Minorities University, Beijing)
* Mangshi Jinghpo ethnicity Association of Development and Progress Studies(芒市景颇族发展进步研究学会)(ed.), Han-Zaiwa-Pela Dictionary (汉文载瓦文波拉语对译词典) (2018; Dehong Nationalities Publishing House, Mangshi)
# Zauberspruch
## German
### Etymology

Zauber (“magic, enchantment”) +‎ Spruch (“quote, medieval lyric poem”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtsaʊ̯bɐʃpʁʊχ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Zauberspruch m (strong, genitive Zauberspruches or Zauberspruchs, plural Zaubersprüche)
* magic spell

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Related terms

* Anspruch
* Ausspruch
* Bezauberung
* Budenzauber
* Liebesspruch
* Schneezauber
* spruchreif
* Verzauberung
* Winterzauber
* Zauberei
* Zauberhut
* Zauberkraft
* Zaubermacht
* Zauberstab

### See also

* Gaukelei
* Magie

### Further reading

* “Zauberspruch” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Zauberspruch” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon