OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# наголос
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Deverbal from наголоси́ти (naholosýty).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnaɦɔɫɔs]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

на́голос • (náholos) m inan (genitive на́голосу, nominative plural на́голоси, genitive plural на́голосів)
* emphasis
* (phonology, phonetics, grammar) stress, accent

#### Related terms

* наголо́шений (naholóšenyj)
* наголо́шувати impf (naholóšuvaty), наголоси́ти pf (naholosýty)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “наголос”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
# espouse
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English espousen, borrowed from Old French espouser, from Latin spōnsāre (frequentative of spondeō), from Proto-Indo-European *spend-.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ɪˈspaʊz/, IPA: /ɪˈspaʊs/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -aʊz, -aʊs

### Verb

espouse (third-person singular simple present espouses, present participle espousing, simple past and past participle espoused)
* (transitive) To marry.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Corinthians 11:2:For I am iealous ouer you with godly iealousie, for I haue espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 1:18:Now the birth of Iesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Ioseph (before they came together) shee was found with childe of the holy Ghost.
** 1759, David Hume, “[Elizabeth I.]”, in The History of England, under the House of Tudor. […], volume II, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, page 414:Philip and Henry terminated hostilities by a mutual restitution of all places taken during the course of the war; and Philip espoused the princess Elizabeth, eldest daughter of France, formerly betrothed to his son Don Carlos.
** 1922, Maneckji Nusserwanji Dhalla, Zoroastrian Civilization‎, page 232:He espoused several wives, and besides kept a considerable number of concubines in his harem.
* (transitive, figurative, modern usage) To accept, support, or take on as one’s own (an idea or a cause).
** 1998, William Croft, “The Projection of Arguments”, in Miriam Butt, Wilhelm Geuder, editors, Event Structure in Argument Linking, page 37:Although Dowty’s proposal is attractive from the point of view of the alternative argument linking theory that I am espousing, since it eschews the use of thematic roles and thematic role hierarchies, […], but it still has some drawbacks.
** 2011, Donald J. van Vliet, “Letter: Republicans espouse ideology over national welfare”, in The Eagle-Tribune‎, retrieved 2013-12-18:Those that espoused this ideology […]
** 2023 June 22, Heather Stewart, “Only 18% of leave voters think Brexit has been a success, poll finds”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:Among those leavers who believe Brexit has not gone well, many blame politicians for handling it badly – a narrative espoused by the former Ukip leader Nigel Farage, who recently claimed that “Brexit has failed”.

#### Derived terms

* disespouse
* espousable

#### Related terms

* espousal
* sponsor
* spouse

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* poseuse
# מסמר
## Hebrew
### Alternative forms

* מַשְׂמֵרָה, מַשְׂמְרָה, מִשְׂמֵרָה, מִשְׂמְרָה

### Etymology

* Root
* ס־מ־ר (s-m-r)
* 3 terms
Spelling borrowed from Aramaic מַסְמְרָא (masmərā, “pin, nail”).
Cognate with Arabic مسمار.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

מַסְמֵר • (masmér) m (plural indefinite מַסְמֵרִים)
* nail (spiked-shape metal fastener)

### References

* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 89
* Haupt, Paul (1917) “The Disease of King Teumman of Elam”, in Journal of the Society of Oriental Research‎, volume 1, page 90, derives the Aramaic and Hebrew from Assyrian Akkadian with s₁ as first radical, connecting to שָׁמִיר (šāmī́r, “adamant”), decidedly ignoring the occurrence in Qohelet with s₂ and claiming a vocalization masmár for the Hebrew, but a corresponding term in Akkadian seems still not attested and שָׁמִיר (šāmī́r, “adamant”) is probably an unproductive technical term.
* H4930 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* “מסמר” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# nemežģījamās
## Latvian
### Participle

nemežģījamās
* locative plural feminine of nemežģījams

### Participle

nemežģījamās
* inflection of nemežģījamais:
** genitive singular feminine
** nominative/vocative/accusative plural feminine
# fazlaca
## Turkish
### Etymology

From fazla (“surplus, extra; excessive, too much”) +‎ -ca.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fazˈɫa.d͡ʒa/
* Hyphenation: faz‧la‧ca

### Adverb

fazlaca
* excessively, too much
    Synonyms: çokça, hayli, bir hayli

#### Related terms

* Fadıl
* Fazıl
* fazıl
* fazilet
* fazladan
* fazlalık
* fuzuli

### Further reading

* “fazlaca”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “fazlaca”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1553
# bogio
## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* bogyo, bugio, bugyo

### Etymology

From Bugia + -o.

### Adjective

bogio m (plural bogios, feminine bogia, feminine plural bogias)
* of, from or relating to Bejaia

### Noun

bogio m (plural bogios, feminine bogia, feminine plural bogias)
* monkey
** 15th century, anonymous author, “O lobo que accusa a raposa perante o bogio” (chapter XXIV), in Fabulae Aesopi in lingua Lusitana, page 17r; republished as José Leite de Vasconcelos, editor, O Livro de Esopo, Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional, 1906, page 26:Ho lobo sse partio comfuso, e o bugio começou a olhar a rraposa e escusá-la, dizemdo que era jnocente do que ho lobo a acusava(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Descendants

* Portuguese: bugio

### References

* José Pedro Machado (1995) “Bugia, bugio”, in Dicionário etimológico da língua portuguesa: com a mais antiga documentação escrita e conhecida de muitos dos vocábulos estudados (in Portuguese), 7 edition, volume I, Lisboa: Livros Horizonte, →ISBN, page 472, column 2
* Antônio Geraldo da Cunha (2020–2025) “bugio”, in Vocabulário histórico-cronológico do Português Medieval (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa
# roulant
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁu.lɑ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Participle

roulant
* present participle of rouler

### Adjective

roulant (feminine roulante, masculine plural roulants, feminine plural roulantes)
* equipped with wheels
* Equipped with rolling cylinders or similar mechanisms for transportation of things
* (informal, dated) Very funny

#### Derived terms

* chaise roulante
* escalier roulant
* fauteuil roulant
* feu roulant
* tapis roulant

### Further reading

* “roulant”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* ourlant
# ވެރިޔާ
## Dhivehi
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit वर (vara). Cognate with Sinhalese වරෙණ්ය (wareṇya)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋeɾijəː/, [ʋeɾijəː]

### Noun

ވެރިޔާ • (veriyā) (plural ވެރިން)
* leader, superior, potentate, principal
* owner, possessor, holder

#### Derived terms

* ބެރުވެރިޔާ (beruveriyā)
* ބޭސްވެރިޔާ (bēsveriyā)
* ފަންޑިތަވެރިޔާ (fan̊ḍitaveriyā)
* ދަތުރުވެރިޔާ (daturuveriyā)

### References

* Hassan Ahmed Maniku (2000) “ވެރިޔާ”, in A Concise Etymological Vocabulary of Dhivehi Language, Colombo: The Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka, page 255
# Sothic
## English
### Alternative forms

* Sothiac

### Etymology

From Sothis (“Sirius”) +‎ -ic (forming adjectives), a variant of earlier Sothiac, from French sothiaque, ultimately from Ancient Greek σωθιακός (sōthiakós, “Sothic”), from Σῶθις (Sôthis, “Sirius”) and -κός (-kós, “-ic”, forming adjectives).

### Adjective

Sothic (not comparable)
* (historical astronomy) Of or relating to the star Sirius, particularly in Egyptian or ancient Greek contexts.

#### Derived terms

* Sothic cycle, Sothic period
* Sothic year

### References

* ↑ "Sothic, adj.", in the Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* ↑ "Sothiac, adj.", in the Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

### Anagrams

* Chiots, sticho-, tochis
# áhwo
## Isoko
### Noun

áhwo
* plural of ohwo
# מכבש
## Hebrew

* Root
* כ־ב־שׁ (k-b-sh)
* 6 terms

### Noun

מַכְבֵּשׁ • (makhbésh) m
* steamroller, road roller

#### References

* “מכבש” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# nemirstamās
## Latvian
### Participle

nemirstamās
* locative plural feminine of nemirstams

### Participle

nemirstamās
* inflection of nemirstamais:
** genitive singular feminine
** nominative/vocative/accusative plural feminine
# ὄγμος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂óǵmos, from the root *h₂eǵ- (“to drive”). Cognate with Sanskrit अज्म (ájma, “course, passage”). Related to the verb ἄγω (ágō, “to lead”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /óŋ.mos/ → /ˈoɣ.mos/ → /ˈoɣ.mos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /óŋ.mos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈoɡ.mos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈoɣ.mos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈoɣ.mos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈoɣ.mos/

### Noun

ὄγμος • (ógmos) m (genitive ὄγμου); second declension
* furrow in ploughing
* swathe in reaping
* strip of cultivated land
* (astronomy) orbit of the moon and sun

#### Derived terms

* ἐπόγμιος (epógmios)
* ὀγμεύω (ogmeúō)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1045

### Further reading

* “ὄγμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὄγμος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ὄγμος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ὄγμος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
# tea ball
## English
### Alternative forms

* teaball

### Noun

tea ball (plural tea balls)
* A perforated spherical metal container that holds tea leaves for steeping or brewing in hot water.
    Synonyms: infuser, tea egg
    Coordinate term: tea strainer
** 1995, Campbell Dawn, The Tea Book, Pelican Publishing, →ISBN, page 84:When using a tea ball, fill it to one-half full with tea leaves, leaving enough room in it for the leaves to expand.

#### Translations
### Further reading

* infuser on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* “tea ball”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
# アミノ酸
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 酸
* さん Grade: 5

### Etymology

アミノ (amino, “amino”) +‎ 酸 (san, “acid”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) アミノさん [àmínósáń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [a̠mʲino̞sã̠ɴ]

### Noun

アミノ酸(さん) • (amino-san)
* (organic chemistry) amino acid

#### Hyponyms

* アラニン (aranin)
* アルギニン (aruginin)
* アスパラギン (asuparagin)
* アスパラギン酸(さん) (asuparaginsan)
* システイン (shisutein)
* グルタミン (gurutamin)
* グルタミン酸(さん) (gurutaminsan)
* グリシン (gurishin)
* ヒスチジン (hisuchijin)
* イソロイシン (isoroishin)
* ロイシン (roishin)
* リシン (rishin), リジン (rijin)
* メチオニン (mechionin)
* フェニルアラニン (feniruaranin)
* プロリン (purorin)
* セリン (serin)
* トレオニン (toreonin), スレオニン (sureonin)
* トリプトファン (toriputofan)
* チロシン (chiroshin), タイロシン (tairoshin)
* バリン (barin)

#### Derived terms

* 必(ひっ)須(す)アミノ酸(さん) (hissu amino-san, “essential amino acid”)
* 不(ふ)可(か)欠(けつ)アミノ酸(さん) (fukaketsu amino-san, “essential amino acid”)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# نگاہ
## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian نگاه (nigāh).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Punjabi) IPA: /nɪ.ˈɡaː˩˥/
* Hyphenation: نِ‧گاہ

### Noun

نِگاہ • (nigāh) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਨਿਗਾਹ)
* a look, sight

### References

* “نگاہ”, in Dictionary of the Jatki Or Western Panjábi Language, United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2019 (originally published in 1900), →ISBN, page 309
* Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “نِگاہ”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

## Urdu
### Etymology

First attested in c. 1611 as Middle Hindi نگاہ (nigāh), borrowed from Classical Persian نِگَاه (nigāh).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /nɪ.ɡɑːɦ/
* Rhymes: -ɑːɦ
* Hyphenation: نِ‧گاہ

### Noun

نِگَاہ • (nigāh) f (Hindi spelling निगाह) (chiefly formal or poetic)
* Synonym of نَظَر (nazar):
* a glance, sight, look
* vision
* regard; consideration
* look, aspect (of)
* attention, observation, watching
* custody, care

#### Declension

Declension of نگاہ :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | نِگاہ (nigāh) | نِگاہیں (nigāhẽ) |
| oblique | نِگاہ (nigāh) | نِگاہوں (nigāhõ) |
| vocative | نِگاہ (nigāh) | نِگاہو (nigāho) |

#### Derived terms

* نِگَاہ بَدَلْنا (nigāh badalnā)
* نِگَاہ رَکھْنا (nigāh rakhnā)
* نِگَاہ لَڑانا (nigāh laṛānā)
* نِگَاہ مِلانا (nigāh milānā)
* نِگَاہ میں رَکْھنا (nigāh mẽ rakhnā)
* نِگَاہ پَڑْنا (nigāh paṛnā)
* نِگَاہ پھیرْنا (nigāh phernā)
* نِگَاہ کَرْنا (nigāh karnā)

### Further reading

* “نگاہ”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “نگاہ”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “نگاه”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 648
* Platts, John T. (1884) “نگاه”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 1151
* S. W. Fallon (1879) “نگاه”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 1169
* John Shakespear (1834) “نگاه”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
# joyo
## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from English joy, French joie, Italian gioia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʒojo/, /ˈd͡ʒojo/

### Noun

joyo (plural joyi)
* joy

#### Derived terms

* joyala (“merry”)
* joyanta (“delighted”)
* joyar (“to be joyful, be glad, rejoice”)
* joyema (“joyful, jovial, convivial, jolly, jubilant”)
* joyigar (“to gladden, fill with joy, cheer up, cause to rejoice”)
* joyoza (“delighted, merry, mirthful, jolly, blithe, hilarious, joyful, joyous”)

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin lolium. Compare Portuguese joio and Catalan jull.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxoʝo/ [ˈxo.ʝo]
* IPA: (everywhere but Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈxoʝo/ [ˈxo.ʝo]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /ˈxoʃo/ [ˈxo.ʃo]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈxoʒo/ [ˈxo.ʒo]
* Rhymes: -oʝo
* Syllabification: jo‧yo

### Noun

joyo m (plural joyos)
* darnel
    Synonym: cizaña

### Further reading

* “joyo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# πρώτας
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /prɔ̌ː.taːs/ → /ˈpro.tas/ → /ˈpro.tas/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /prɔ̌ː.taːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpro.tas/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpro.tas/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpro.tas/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpro.tas/

### Adjective

πρώτᾱς • (prṓtās)
* feminine accusative plural of πρῶτος (prôtos)
# משרוקית
## Hebrew

* Root
* שׁ־ר־ק (sh-r-q)
* 4 terms

### Noun

מַשְׁרוֹקִית • (mashrokít) f
* whistle

#### References

* “משרוקית” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

#### Further reading

* משרוקית on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# Ahrensburgerin
## German
### Etymology

From Ahrensburger +‎ -in

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈaːʁənsbʊʁɡəʁɪn]
* Hyphenation: Ah‧rens‧bur‧ge‧rin

### Noun

Ahrensburgerin f (genitive Ahrensburgerin, plural Ahrensburgerinnen, masculine Ahrensburger)
* female equivalent of Ahrensburger
# kaç kaç
## Turkish
### Etymology

Reduplication of kaç (“how many, what number, what (time)”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkat͡ʃ.kat͡ʃ/
* Hyphenation: kaç‧kaç

### Adverb

kaç kaç
* Interrogative adverb used to inquire about the score in a game between at least two sides.
    Synonym: kaça kaç
    Akşamki maç kaç kaç bitti? ― What was the (final) score of last night's match?

#### Related terms

* kaç paralık
* kaç zamandır
* kaçın kurası

### Further reading

* “kaç kaç”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kaça kaç”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2313
# Schirmmütze
## German
### Etymology

From Schirm +‎ Mütze.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃɪʁmˌmʏt͡sə]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Schirm‧müt‧ze

### Noun

Schirmmütze f (genitive Schirmmütze, plural Schirmmützen, diminutive Schirmmützchen n or Schirmmützlein n)
* peaked cap
    Synonyms: Schildkappe, Tellerkappe

#### Hypernyms

* Mütze, Kopfbedeckung

### Further reading

* “Schirmmütze” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Schirmmütze” in Duden online
# žinoti
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *źināˀtei, alternative form of *źnōˀtei; compare Latvian zinât (“know”), Old Prussian posinnat (“confess”), Proto-Slavic *znàti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti, from *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). The Baltic words are from the nasal-infixed present, *ǵn̥néh₃-, while the Slavic forms are from the aorist, *ǵnéh₃-. Cognates include Proto-Germanic *kunnaną, Sanskrit जानाति (jānā́ti, “know”), Ancient Greek γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “know”), Latin nōscō (“know, recognise”).
In view of the present tense and derivatives, the verb was apparently later reanalysed as containing the verbal suffix -óti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʒɪˈnoː.tʲɪ/

### Verb

žinóti (third-person present tense žìno, third-person past tense žinójo)
* to know (be aware of; sure of)
    Žinaũ, ką̃ galvóji. – I know what you're thinking
    Dejà, anaiptõl ne visíems nežinotinas, kur̃ šuõ pakàstas. – Unfortunately, by no means does everyone need to know the crux of the matter.

#### Derived terms

* balažin
* kažin
* pažinoti
* sąžinė
* sužinoti
* visažinis
* žinia
* žinyba
* žinynas
* žinojimas
* žinoma
* žinomas, žinomumas
* žinotis
* žinovas m, žinovė f
* žinutė
* žynys m, žynė f

#### Related terms

* pažinti
* žymė
* ženklas

### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 519–520
# Дубно
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdubnə]

### Proper noun

Ду́бно • (Dúbno) n inan (genitive Ду́бна, relational adjective ду́бенский)
* Dubno (a city, the administrative center of Dubno Raion, Rivne Oblast, Ukraine)

#### Derived terms

* дубенча́нин (dubenčánin), дубенча́нка (dubenčánka)

## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdubnɔ]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Ду́бно • (Dúbno) n inan (genitive Ду́бна, uncountable, relational adjective ду́бенський)
* Dubno (a city in Rivne Oblast, Ukraine)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Дубно”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# nith
## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* nithe, niþ, nuþ, nyth, nyþe
* nið, nuð (Early Middle English)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old English nīþ (“envy, hatred, affliction”), from Proto-West Germanic *nīþ, from Proto-Germanic *nīþą, from Proto-Indo-European *neyH- (“to be angry”).
Cognate with Dutch nijd (“envy”), German Neid (“envy, jealousy”), regional Swedish nid (“hatred, envy”), Icelandic níð (“hatred, envy”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /niːθ/

### Noun

nith (uncountable) (poetic)
* Enmity, spite; hate towards another person.
* (rare, more generally) Evil, affliction, harm.

#### Related terms

* nithful

### References

* “nīth, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Old Dutch
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *nīþ, from Proto-Germanic *nīþą. Cognate with Old English nīþ, Old Saxon nīth, Old High German nīd (German Neid), Old Norse níð (regional Swedish nid), Gothic 𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 (neiþ). Compare the Old Norse níðingur.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /niːθ/

### Noun

nīth m or f
* hostility, hatred

#### Derived terms

* nīthen (“to hate”)

#### Descendants

* Middle Dutch: nijt
** Dutch: nijd
*** Afrikaans: nyd
*** Negerhollands: neid

### Further reading

* “nīth”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

## Old Saxon
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *nīþ, from Proto-Germanic *nīþą. Cognate with Old English nīþ, Old Dutch nīth, Old High German nīd (German Neid), Old Norse níð (regional Swedish nid), Gothic 𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 (neiþ). Compare the Old Norse níðingur.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /niːθ/

### Noun

nīth m
* envy, jealousy
* hostility, hatred

#### Derived terms

* nīthhugi m (“hatred”)
* nīthskepi f (“hate, hatred”)

#### Descendants

* Middle Low German: nît
** German Low German: Nied

## Welsh
### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *nėθ, from Proto-Celtic *nextī, from Proto-Indo-European *néptih₂ (“niece, granddaughter”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /niːθ/
* Rhymes: -iːθ

### Noun

nith f (plural nithoedd, not mutable)
* niece

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “nith”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# took some beating
## English
### Verb

took some beating
* simple past of take some beating
# חזה
## Hebrew
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

חָזֶה • (khazé) m
* (anatomy) chest, thorax

##### Synonyms

* בֵּית הֶחָזֶה (bet hekhazé)

### Etymology 2

* Root
* ח־ז־ה (kh-z-h)
* 7 terms

#### Verb

חָזָה • (khazá) (pa'al construction)
* to forecast
* to see, to look

##### Conjugation

or

##### Derived terms

* חָזוֹן (khazón)

### References

* “חזה” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
* H2372 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
# nemīlējušos
## Latvian
### Participle

nemīlējušos
* locative plural masculine of nemīlējis

### Participle

nemīlējušos
* accusative plural masculine of nemīlējušais
# yedək
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Derived from Proto-Turkic *yẹ̄t- (“to tow”).

### Noun

yedək (definite accusative yedəyi, plural yedəklər)
* towline, towrope
* halter rope, lead rope

#### Derived terms

* yedəkçi
* yedəkçilik
* yedəkləmək
* yedəkli

### References

* ↑ Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, pages 387-388

### Further reading

* “yedək” in Obastan.com.
# kaltinti
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

* kaltė (“guilt”) +‎ -inti
* kaltas (“guilty”) +‎ -inti

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkaːlʲtʲɪnʲtʲɪ]

### Verb

káltinti (third-person present tense káltina, third-person past tense káltino)
* (transitive, with accusative) (law) to accuse (of), to charge (with); to prosecute, to indict

#### Derived terms

* apkaltinti
* atkaltinti
* iškaltinti
* įkaltinti
* nukaltinti
* pakaltinti
* prasikaltinti
* užkaltinti
# Золотоноша
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zəɫətɐˈnoʂə]

### Proper noun

Золотоно́ша • (Zolotonóša) f inan (genitive Золотоно́ши, relational adjective золотоно́шский)
* Zolotonosha (a city, the administrative center of Zolotonosha Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine)

#### Derived terms

* золотоно́сец (zolotonósec), золотоно́ска (zolotonóska)

## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zɔɫɔtɔˈnɔʃɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Золотоно́ша • (Zolotonóša) f inan (genitive Золотоно́ші, uncountable, relational adjective золотоні́ський)
* Zolotonosha (a city in Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine)

#### Derived terms

* Золотоні́щина (Zolotoníščyna)
* золотоно́сець (zolotonósecʹ)
* золотоно́ска (zolotonóska)

### Further reading

* “Золотоноша”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)