# پشت
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian پشت (pošt).

### Noun

پشت • (püşt)
* back, the rear of the body from the neck to the end of the spine
    Synonyms: آرد (ard), آرقه (arka), صرت (sırt), ظهر (zahr)
* the outside, the outer surface or cover of any thing
* generation or step in succession of natural descent
* support, backing, protection, assistance, aid
* strength, energy, substance, stamina, vigour
* (figuratively) passive sodomite, man who receives anal sex

#### Derived terms

* پشتلق (püştlük, “sodomy”)
* پشتمازه (püstmaze, “middle vertebra”)
* پشتمال (peştamal, “large towel”)
* پشتواره (püştvare, “load for the back”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: püşt

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “püşt”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3920
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “پشت”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 322
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Dorsum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 432
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “پشت”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 828
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “پشت”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 448

## Persian
### Alternative forms

* پشد (pošd) (dialectal, Isfahan)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Iranian *pr̥štáh (“back”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬙𐬀 (paršta), Sanskrit पृष्ठ (pṛṣṭha).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [puʃt]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰʊʃt̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰʊʃt̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [pʰʊʃt̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [pʰuʃt̪]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [pʰoʃt̪]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [pʰuʃt̪]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

| Dari | پشت |
| Iranian Persian | پشت |
| Tajik | пушт |
پُشت • (pošt)
* back (posterior part of the body)
    پشت بر دیوار ― pošt bar divâr ― [with] the back to the wall
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 221:[…] کان خرش در چنگ گرگی مانده بود، پاره‌ها از پشت و رانش می‌ربود. […] k-ân xaraš dar čang-e gorgi mânde bud, pâre-hâ az pošt o rânaš mi-rabud. […] that his donkey was left in the clutch of a wolf, [which] was tearing pieces [of flesh] from its back and thighs.
* rear, back (of anything)
    Synonyms: عقب ('aqab), پس (pas)
* the exterior
* generation, descent
** 1427, ابن حسام خوسفی, “خاوران‌نامه [Khāvarān-nāma]”, in Julia Rubanovich, transl., On Representations of Jews in Medieval Persian Epic Poetry‎, Irano-Judaica VII (2019), page 361:تو را گفت دانا بباید شنود / ببر تا بهفتاد پشت از یهود / جهودان و هندو که بدگوهرند / همی هر یکی بدتر از دیگرندto-râ goft-e dânâ be-bâyad šonud / be-bor tâ be-haftâd pošt az yahud / johudân o hendu ke bad-gowhar-and / hami har yeki bad-tar az digar-andYou should listen to the words of the wise: "Cut yourself off from Jews up to seventy generations; Jews and Indians are ill-natured; one is worse than the other."
* support, means of support
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 3922:هر که را آتش پناه و پشت شد، هم مجوسی گشت و هم زردشت شدhar ke râ âtash panâh o post šod, ham majusi gašt o ham zardošt šod.Any one to whom fire is a refuge and support becomes both a Magian and a Zoroaster.
* (archaic) catamite

#### Derived terms

* پشت دادن (pošt dâdan, “to support”)
* پشت کردن (pošt kardan, “to turn one's back”)
* بی‌پشت (bi-pošt)
* لاک‌پشت (lâk-pošt)
* پشت بام (pošt-e bâm)
* پشت بند (pošt-band)
* پشت دار (pošt-dâr)
* پشت دستی (pošt-e dasti)
* پشت زانو (pošt-e zânu)
* پشت سر (pošt-e sar)
* پشت پا (pošt-e pâ)
* پشت کار (pošt-e kâr)
* پشت گرم (pošt-garm)
* گوژپشت (gužpošt)

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: پوشت (puşt), بوشت (buşt)
** Turkish: puşt
** → Albanian: posht
** → Armenian: փուշտ (pʻušt)
** → Aromanian: pushtu
** → Bulgarian: пущ (pušt)
** → Greek: πούστης (poústis)
** → Romanian: puști
** → Serbo-Croatian: пушт, pušt
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਪੁਸ਼ਤ (puśat)
    Shahmukhi script: پشت (puśat)

### Preposition

Picture dictionary :
پشت
فوق
زیر
در
جلوی
پشت
روی
کنار
میان :
| Dari | پشت |
| Iranian Persian | پشت |
| Tajik | пушти |
پُشتِ • (pošt-e)
* behind
    وی پشت درخت پنهان می‌شود. (literary)vey pošt-e deraxt panhân mi-šavad.He/she is hiding behind the tree.
    اون پشت درخت پنهون می‌شه. (colloquial)un pošt-e deraxt penhun mi-še.He/she is hiding behind the tree.

### References

* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 206