# parch
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English parchen, paarchen (“to parch; dry; roast”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant of Middle English perchen (“to roast”).

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /pɑɹt͡ʃ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /pɑːtʃ/
    Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)tʃ

### Verb

parch (third-person singular simple present parches, present participle parching, simple past and past participle parched)
* (transitive) To burn the surface of, to scorch.
    The sun today could parch cement.
* (transitive) To roast, as dry grain.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 23:14:Ye shall eat neither bread, nor parched corn.
* (transitive) To dry to extremity; to shrivel with heat.
    The patient’s mouth is parched from fever.
** 1702, Cotton Mather, “[Book VI (Thaumaturgus: […]).] Chapter I. Christus Super Aquas: Relating Wonderful Sea Deliverances.”, in Magnalia Christi Americana: Or, the Ecclesiastical History of New-England, from Its First Planting in the Year 1620. unto the Year of Our Lord, 1698. […], London: […] Thomas Parkhurst, […], →OCLC, section VI (Sore Calamities at Sea Survived), page 5, column 2:They vvould go over board vvith a Rope faſtned about them, that by drenching themſelves a vvhile in the Sea, they might eaſe the internal Heat vvhich parched them; and vvhen they ſtood any of them to ſteer the Veſſel, they vvould have their Feet in a Pail of Sea VVater to refrigerate 'em.
** 1857, Samuel Griswold Goodrich, A History of All Nations, page 101:The last day's march was very painful, for the north wind, blowing full in their faces, parched and benumbed the men.
* (transitive, colloquial) To make very thirsty.
    We're parched, hon. Could you send up an ale from the cooler?
** 1828, George Croly, Salathiel: A Story of the Past, the Present, and the Future, page 65:In my haste I stumbled , and fell over one of the wounded; he groaned, and prayed me for a cup of water to cool the thirst that parched him.
** 1870 February 1, Charles Haddon Spurgeon, “The Eagle and the Hen”, in The Sword and the Trowel, page 52:Serpents bit them, thirst parched them, Amalekites assailed them.
** 1882, William Dean Howells, A Woman's Reason, page 245:They had no water on the wreck, and a consuming thirst parched them.
** 1919, David Anderson, The Blue Moon: A Tale of the Flatwoods, page 245:Whether it was the cup he drank from, or the thirst that parched him, he took no thought, but it was the sweetest drink that ever passed his lips.
** 1996, Xosé Luis Méndez Ferrín, Them and Other Stories, page 159:That there had been certain couplings was only because in opening up tunnels of betrayal and shadows in forbidden bodies and imaginations, they were quenching the thirst for Artur that parched them all, that they all professed in limitless ardour.
** 2011, James Ellroy, The Cold Six Thousand, page 399:Pete sipped RC. Bennies parched him bad.
* (transitive, archaic) To boil something slowly (Still used in Lancashire in parched peas, a type of mushy peas).
* (intransitive) To become superficially burnt; to become sunburned.
    The locals watched, amused, as the tourists parched in the sun, having neglected to apply sunscreen or bring water.

#### Translations
### Noun

parch (plural parches)
* The condition of being parched.
** 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 64:Yet here he is, not at the head, but somewhere toward the rear of the serpentine queue wending its way through all this parch […].

## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pь̑rxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *piršas, from Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥s-o-s, from *pers-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈparx/
* (Greater Poland):
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /ˈparx/
* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈparx/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arx
* Syllabification: parch

### Noun

parch m inan
* dermatophytosis
    Synonyms: grzybica woszczynowa, strupień woszczynowy
* scab (fungal disease of plants and the lesions it causes)

#### Declension
### Noun

parch m pers (female equivalent parchulka)
* (dated or dialectal, Far Masovian, derogatory, ethnic slur, religious slur, Judaism) kike, Yid (Jewish person)
    Synonyms: icek, mosiek, żydek, Żydzisko
* (Kuyavia, derogatory, figuratively) minor nobleman; city dweller

#### Derived terms

* parchaty
* parszywy

#### Related terms

* sparszywiały
* parszywie
* parszywiec
* parszywieć impf
* sparszywieć pf

### Further reading

* parch in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* parch in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego/parch on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource $^{pl}$
* Oskar Kolberg (1867) “parch”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 274
* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “parch”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 118

## Welsh
### Etymology

Deverbal from parchu (“to respect”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /parχ/

### Noun

parch m (usually uncountable, plural parchau or peirch)
* respect
* reverence, veneration

#### Derived terms

* amarch (“disrespect”)
* hunan-barch (“self-respect”)
* parchu (“to respect”)
* parchus (“respectable; respectful”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “parch”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies