OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# склеїти
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From с- (s-) +‎ кле́їти (kléjity). Compare Russian скле́ить (skléitʹ), Belarusian скле́іць (skljéicʹ), Polish skleić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈskɫɛjite]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

скле́їти • (skléjity) pf (imperfective скле́ювати)
* (transitive) to glue together, to paste together, to stick together
    Synonym: зліпи́ти pf (zlipýty)

#### Derived terms

* скле́їтися pf (skléjitysja)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “склеїти”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “склеїти”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “склеїти”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “склеїти”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “склеїти”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “склеїти”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# toge
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English toge, from Middle French toge and Latin toga. Doublet of toga and tog.

### Noun

toge (plural toges)
* (obsolete) A toga.
* (cant) A coat.

#### Derived terms

* togemans

### Anagrams

* EGOT, gote

## Danish
### Alternative forms

* tog

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɔːwə/, [ˈtˢɔːʊ]
* Homophone: tåge

### Noun

toge n
* indefinite plural of tog

## French
### Etymology

From Middle French togue, from Latin toga.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɔʒ/

### Noun

toge f (plural toges)
* toga
* ceremonial robe or gown (judicial, barrister's, academic, etc.)

#### Derived terms

* toge prétexte
* toge virile

#### See also

* chlamyde
* cucule
* lacerne
* pallium

### Further reading

* “toge” in Dictionnaire français en ligne Larousse.
* “toge” in Émile Littré, Dictionnaire de la langue française, 1872–1877.
* “toge”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /toɡe/
* Hyphenation: to‧ge

### Etymology 1

From Javanese toge (ꦠꦺꦴꦒꦺ, “bean sprout”), from Hokkien 豆芽 (tāu-gê, “bean sprout”). Cognate of Tagalog toge.

#### Noun

toge
* alternative spelling of taoge (“bean sprout”).

### Etymology 2

Blend of toket (“tit”) +‎ gede (“big”).

#### Noun

toge
* (slang, pornography) buxom; big tits
    Antonym: tocil

## Japanese
### Romanization

toge
* Rōmaji transcription of とげ

## Slovene
### Adjective

tóge
* inflection of tog:
** feminine genitive singular
** feminine nominative/accusative plural
** masculine accusative plural

## Swedish
### Verb

toge
* (dated) past subjunctive of ta

#### Related terms

* tog

### Anagrams

* tego

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* tawge
* tawgi
* togi
* taugue — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

Borrowed from Hokkien 豆芽 (tāu-gê, “bean sprout”). Compare Indonesian taoge.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈtoɡe/ [ˈt̪oː.ɣɛ]
* Rhymes: -oɡe
* Syllabification: to‧ge

### Noun

toge (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜄᜒ)
* mung bean sprout
    Synonym: pasibol

#### Related terms

* taho
* tahure
* tawpe
* tawsi
* tokwa
* toyo

### References

* “toge”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Manuel, E. Arsenio (1948) Chinese elements in the Tagalog language: with some indication of Chinese influence on other Philippine languages and cultures and an excursion into Austronesian linguistics, Manila: Filipiniana Publications, page 60
* Chan-Yap, Gloria (1980) “Hokkien Chinese borrowings in Tagalog”, in Pacific Linguistics, volume B, number 71 (PDF), Canberra, A.C.T. 2600.: The Australian National University, page 136
# ճիշդ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian ճիշդ (čišd).

### Pronunciation

* (Western Armenian) IPA: /d͡ʒiʃt/, [d͡ʒiʃtʰ]

### Adjective

ճիշդ • (čišd) (superlative ամենաճիշդ)
* (Western Armenian) Alternative form of ճիշտ (čišt)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

An Iranian borrowing: compare the second part of Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (nʾmčšt' /⁠nām-čišt⁠/, “in particular, especially”), [Book Pahlavi needed] (nʾmčštyk' /⁠nām-čištīg⁠/, “famous, well known”, literally “known by name”), which is a participle formation from the verb reflected in Avestan 𐬗𐬌𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬌 (cinasti, “to make known, teach”). For further origin of the Iranian verb see Cheung.

### Adjective

ճիշդ • (čišd)
* exact, precise
    Synonyms: ստոյգ (stoyg), անվրէպ (anvrēp), սոսկ (sosk)
** 5th century, Pʻawstos Buzand, Hayoc Patmutʻiwnʻ [History of the Armenians] 7: […] իբրեւ ես երթայց առ նա, հրաման տուր արձակել զնա ի կապանացն, եւ ես իշխեցից լուանալ զգլուխ նորա եւ օծանել, եւ ագուցանել նմա պատմուճան, եւ արկանել նմա բազմականս՝ եւ դնել առաջի նորա խորտիկս, եւ տալ նմա գինի, եւ ուրախ առնել զնա արուեստականօքն մի օր ճիշդ։[…] ibrew es ertʻaycʻ aṙ na, hraman tur arjakel zna i kapanacʻn, ew es išxecʻicʻ luanal zglux nora ew ōcanel, ew agucʻanel nma patmučan, ew arkanel nma bazmakans, ew dnel aṙaǰi nora xortiks, ew tal nma gini, ew urax aṙnel zna aruestakanōkʻn mi ōr čišd.

#### Derived terms

* ճշդագնող (čšdagnoł)
* ճշդապահանջ (čšdapahanǰ)
* ճշդավաճառ (čšdavačaṙ)
* ճշդեմ (čšdem)
* ճշդիւ (čšdiw)
* ճշդով (čšdov)
* ճշդութիւն (čšdutʻiwn)

### Noun

ճիշդ • (čišd)
* exactness
    Synonym: ճշդութիւն (čšdutʻiwn)

#### Declension
### Adverb

ճիշդ • (čišd)
* exactly, precisely

#### Descendants

* Armenian: ճիշտ (čišt), ճիշդ (čišd) — Western Armenian

### References

* ↑ Bailey, H. W. (1934) “Iranica (II)”, in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society‎, number 3, page 510
* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 30

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “ճիշդ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 200
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ճիշդ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “ճիշդ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 493a
* Ġazarean, Ṙubēn (2006) “ճիշդ”, in Grabari homanišneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Old Armenian Synonyms], Yerevan: University Press
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ճիշդ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# 羊膜
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yángmó, yángmò
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤˊ ㄇㄛˊ, ㄧㄤˊ ㄇㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng$^4$ mok$^{6-2}$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): iûⁿ-mo̍͘h
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yángmó
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ ㄇㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yángmó
*** Wade–Giles: yang$^2$-mo$^2$
*** Yale: yáng-mwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yangmo
*** Palladius: янмо (janmo)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑŋ³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yángmò
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄤˊ ㄇㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yángmò
*** Wade–Giles: yang$^2$-mo$^4$
*** Yale: yáng-mwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yangmoh
*** Palladius: янмо (janmo)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑŋ³⁵ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: joeng$^4$ mok$^{6-2}$
*** Yale: yèuhng mók
*** Cantonese Pinyin: joeng$^4$ mok$^{9-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yêng$^4$ mog$^{6-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /jœːŋ²¹ mɔːk̚²⁻³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iûⁿ-mo̍͘h
*** Tâi-lô: iûnn-mo̍oh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: viumoh
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iũ²³⁻³³ mɔ̃ʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iũ²⁴⁻²² mɔ̃ʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ mɔ̃ʔ⁴/

### Noun

羊膜
* (anatomy) amnion

#### Derived terms

* 羊膜穿刺 (yángmó chuāncì)
* 羊膜穿刺術 / 羊膜穿刺术
* 羊膜類 / 羊膜类

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 羊 | 膜 |
| よう Grade: 3 | まく Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

/yaumaku/ → /yoːmaku/.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jo̞ːma̠kɯ̟]

### Noun

羊(よう)膜(まく) • (yōmaku)
* an amnion

#### Derived terms

* 羊膜嚢(ようまくのう) (yōmakunō)
* 羊膜帯(ようまくたい) (yōmakutai)
* 羊膜炎(ようまくえん) (yōmakuen)
* 羊膜管(ようまくかん) (yōmakukan)
* 羊膜腔(ようまくこう) (yōmakukō)
* 羊膜類(ようまくるい) (yōmakurui)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 羊 | 膜 |

### Noun

羊膜 • (yangmak) (hangeul 양막)
* hanja form of 양막 (“amnion”)
# քօշ
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* քաւշ (kʻawš), գօշ (gōš)

### Etymology

The original spelling is քաւշ (kʻawš), from Classical Syriac ܟܒܫܐ (keḇšā, “ram, wether”).

### Noun

քօշ • (kʻōš)
* he-goat
    Synonyms: նոխազ (noxaz), քաղ (kʻał)
    Hypernym: այծ (ayc)
** 5th century, Bible, Genesis 15.9:Եւ ասէ ցնա․ ա՛ռ դու ինձ երինջ երեմեան եւ քօշ երեմեան, եւ խոյ երեմեան, եւ տատրակ, եւ աղաւնի:Ew asē cʻna; áṙ du inj erinǰ eremean ew kʻōš eremean, ew xoy eremean, ew tatrak, ew aławni:

#### Derived terms

* քօշակ (kʻōšak)
* քօշամորուք (kʻōšamorukʻ)
* քօշանման (kʻōšanman)
* քօշիկ (kʻōšik)
* քօշումն (kʻōšumn)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: քոշ (kʻoš)
* → Georgian: ქოში (koši)
* → Laz: ქოშატი (koşaťi)

### References

* ↑ Zōhrapean, Yovhannēs, editor (1805), Astuacašunčʻ matean Hin ew Nor Ktakaranacʻ [Bible: Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments], volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 28

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “քօշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 604–605
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “քօշել”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 605b
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1892) “Die semitischen Lehnwörter im Altarmenischen”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 46, page 254
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 320
* Lagarde, Paul de (1866) Gesammelte Abhandlungen (in German), Leipzig: F. A. Brockhaus, page 62
* Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 933
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “քօշ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# կրթել
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian կրթեմ (krtʻem).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kəɾˈtʰel/, [kəɾtʰél]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɡəɾˈtel/, [ɡəɾtʰél]

### Verb

կրթել • (krtʻel) (somewhat formal)
* (transitive) to educate

#### Inflection

*colloquial **dated
*colloquial **dated

#### Derived terms

* կրթաթոշակ (krtʻatʻošak)

## Old Armenian
### Verb

կրթել • (krtʻel)
* infinitive of կրթեմ (krtʻem)
# Stiftung
## German
### Etymology

From stiften (“to endow, donate”). Compare Dutch stichting.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʃtɪftʊŋ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Stif‧tung

### Noun

Stiftung f (genitive Stiftung, plural Stiftungen)
* (charity) foundation

#### Related terms

* Anstiftung
* Brandstiftung
* Geldstiftung
* Naturalstiftung
* Stiftungsdatum
* Stiftungsfest
* Stiftungsgebäude
* Stiftungsjahr
* Stiftungskapital
* Stiftungsrat
* Stiftungsrecht
* Stiftungssitz
* Stiftungsurkunde
* Stiftungsvermögen
* Stiftungszweck
* Urstiftung
* Vermögensstiftung

### Further reading

* “Stiftung” in Duden online
* “Stiftung” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# ဉာဏ်
## Burmese
### Etymology

From Pali ñāṇa. Doublet of ဉာဏ (nyana.) and Doublet of ဉာဉ် (nyany).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲàn/
* Romanization: MLCTS: nyan • ALA-LC: ñāṇʻ • BGN/PCGN: nyan • Okell: nyan

### Noun

ဉာဏ် • (nyan)
* intellect; wisdom

#### Derived terms

* ကလိမ်ဉာဏ် (ka.limnyan)
* စိတ်ကူးဉာဏ် (citku:nyan)
* ဉာဏ်ကစား (nyanka.ca:)
* ဉာဏ်ကြီးရှင် (nyankri:hrang)
* ဉာဏ်ကူ (nyanku)
* ဉာဏ်ကောင်း (nyankaung:)
* ဉာဏ်စဉ် (nyancany)
* ဉာဏ်စမ်း (nyancam:)
* ဉာဏ်စွမ်း (nyancwam:)
* ဉာဏ်စွမ်းဉာဏ်စ (nyancwam:nyanca.)
* ဉာဏ်စွမ်းဉာဏ်စ (nyancwam:nyanca.)
* ဉာဏ်ဆင် (nyanhcang)
* ဉာဏ်တော် (nyantau)
* ဉာဏ်နီဉာဏ်နက် (nyanni-nyannak)
* ဉာဏ်နီဉာဏ်နက် (nyanni-nyannak)
* ဉာဏ်ပူဇော်ခ (nyanpujauhka.)
* ဉာဏ်များ (nyanmya:)
* ဉာဏ်မီ (nyanmi)
* ဉာဏ်သစ်လောင်း (nyansaclaung:)
* ဉာဏ်သစ်လောင်းသင်တန်း (nyansaclaung:sangtan:)
* ဉာဏ်သမား (nyansa.ma:)
* ဉာဏ်သွား (nyanswa:)
* တစ်ကျိတ်တည်းတစ်ဉာဏ်တည်း (tackyittany:tacnyantany:)
* တစ်နပ်စားဉာဏ် (tacnapca:nyan)
* ပင်ကိုဉာဏ် (pangkui-nyan)
* ဖြတ်ထိုးဉာဏ် (hprathtui:nyan)
* ဘာဝနာဉာဏ် (bhawa.na-nyan)
* မှတ်ဉာဏ် (hmatnyan)
* မိန်းမဉာဏ် (min:ma.nyan)
* လတ်တလောဉာဏ် (latta.lau:nyan)
* အကြံဉာဏ် (a.kramnyan)
* အကြံတုံးဉာဏ်တုံး (a.kramtum:nyantum:)
* အကြံပေးဉာဏ်ပေး (a.krampe:nyanpe:)
* အကြံသစ်ဉာဏ်သစ် (a.kramsacnyansac)
* အကောက်ဉာဏ် (a.kauknyan)
* အလိမ္မာဉာဏ် (a.limma-nyan)
* အသိဉာဏ် (a.si.nyan)

#### Descendants

* Shan: ၺၢၼ်ႇ (nyàan)

### Proper noun

ဉာဏ် • (nyan)
* a unisex given name from Pali

### Further reading

* “ဉာဏ်” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
# розвалити
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From роз- (roz-) +‎ вали́ти (valýty). Compare Russian развали́ть (razvalítʹ), Belarusian развалі́ць (razvalícʹ), Polish rozwalić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rɔzʋɐˈɫɪte]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

розвали́ти • (rozvalýty) pf (imperfective розва́лювати) (transitive)
* to pull down, to tear down (to demolish or destroy)
* (literally or figuratively) to collapse (to cause to collapse)
* (colloquial) to smash up

#### Derived terms

* розва́л m (rozvál)
* розва́лений (rozválenyj)
* розва́лення n (rozválennja)
* розвали́тися pf (rozvalýtysja)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “розвалити”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “розвалити”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “розвалити”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “розвалити”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “розвалити”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “розвалити”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# cirrhosis
## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek κιρρός (kirrhós, “tawny”) and -osis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɪˈɹoʊ.sɪs/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

cirrhosis (countable and uncountable, plural cirrhoses)
* (pathology) A chronic disease of the liver caused by damage from toxins (including alcohol), metabolic problems, hepatitis, or nutritional deprivation, characterised by an increase in fibrous tissue and the destruction of liver cells.
* (by extension) Interstitial inflammation of kidneys, lungs, and other organs.

#### Derived terms

* cirrhosed
* cirrhotic
* hepatocirrhosis
* Laennec's cirrhosis
* pseudocirrhosis
# صرت
## Arabic
### Verb

صرت (form I)
* صِرْتُ (ṣirtu) /sˤir.tu/: first-person singular past active/passive of صَارَ (ṣāra)
* صِرْتَ (ṣirta) /sˤir.ta/: second-person masculine singular past active/passive of صَارَ (ṣāra)
* صِرْتِ (ṣirti) /sˤir.ti/: second-person feminine singular past active/passive of صَارَ (ṣāra)
* صُرْتُ (ṣurtu) /sˤur.tu/: first-person singular past active of صَارَ (ṣāra)
* صُرْتَ (ṣurta) /sˤur.ta/: second-person masculine singular past active of صَارَ (ṣāra)
* صُرْتِ (ṣurti) /sˤur.ti/: second-person feminine singular past active of صَارَ (ṣāra)

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *sïrt (“back, rear of the body”); cognate with Bashkir һірт, Crimean Tatar sırt, Kumyk сырт (sırt), Kyrgyz сырт (sırt), Southern Altai сырт (sïrt), Tatar sırt and Uzbek sirt.

### Noun

صرت • (sırt)
* back, the rear of the body, especially its upper part
    Synonyms: آرد (ard), آرقه (arka), پشت (püşt), ظهر (zahr)
* the ridge of a beast's back, especially the part covered by the saddle
* the main ridge of a mountain or mountain chain
* (by extension) the back part of an object, such as a knife or sword
* the fur from the middle strip along the back of a beast's skin

#### Derived terms

* بالق صرتی (balık sırtı, “back of a fish”)
* صرتارمق (sırtarmak, “to set up one's back”)
* صرتلامق (sırtlamak, “to take to one's back”)
* صرتلانمق (sırtlanmak, “to become a back or ridge”)
* صرتماج (sırtmac, “top of the back”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: sırt
** → Armenian: սըրթ (sərtʻ)

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “sırt”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4216
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “صرت”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 759
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Dorsum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 432
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “صرت”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2949
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “sırt”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “صرت”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1173
# putty
## English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French potée (“polishing powder", originally "the contents of a pot, potful”), from French pot (“pot”). More at English pot.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpʌti/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌti

#### Noun

putty (countable and uncountable, plural putties)
* A form of cement, made from linseed oil and whiting, used to fix panes of glass.
* Any of a range of similar substances.
** An oxide of tin, or of lead and tin, used in polishing glass, etc.
** A fine cement of lime only, used by plasterers.
* (golf, colloquial) A golf ball made of composition and not gutta-percha.

##### Derived terms

* glazier's putty
* nose putty
* putty in someone's fingers
* putty in someone's hands
* putty knife
* putty medal
* putty powder
* putty rubber
* silly putty
* wood putty

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### Adjective

putty (not comparable)
* Of, pertaining to, or resembling putty.

#### Verb

putty (third-person singular simple present putties, present participle puttying, simple past and past participle puttied)
* (transitive) To fix or fill using putty.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

putty (plural putties)
* Alternative form of puttee (“strip of cloth wound round the leg”).
** 1964 [1929], William Faulkner, Sartoris (The Collected Works of William Faulkner), London: Chatto & Windus, page 22:“He went to’ds de back, ma’am.” The negro opened the door and slid his legs, clad in army O.D. and a pair of linoleum putties, to the ground. “‘I’ll go git ’im.”’
# руїна
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ruīna. Compare Russian руи́на (ruína), Belarusian руі́на (ruína).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rʊˈjinɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

руї́на • (rujína) f inan (genitive руї́ни, nominative plural руї́ни, genitive plural руї́н, relational adjective руї́нний)
* ruin
    Руї́на ― Rujína ― the Ruin
    Мі́сто лежа́ло в руї́нах. ― Místo ležálo v rujínax. ― The city lay in ruins.

#### Derived terms

* руї́нник m (rujínnyk), руї́нниця f (rujínnycja)
* руї́нницький (rujínnycʹkyj)
* руйна́ція f (rujnácija)
* руйнівни́й (rujnivnýj)
* руйнівни́к m (rujnivnýk), руйнівни́ця f (rujnivnýcja)
* руйнува́льний (rujnuválʹnyj)
* руйнува́льник m (rujnuválʹnyk), руйнува́льниця f (rujnuválʹnycja)
* руйнува́ння n (rujnuvánnja)
* руйнува́ти impf (rujnuváty), зруйнува́ти pf (zrujnuváty)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “руїна”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “руїна”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “руїна”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “руїна”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# mamallena
## Spanish
### Noun

mamallena f (plural mamallenas)
* (Panama) bread pudding

#### Synonyms

* budín, pudín de pan
* colegial (Chile)
* torta burrera, torta de pan (Venezuela)
# н. е.
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Abbreviation of нове ере.

### Noun

н. е. (Roman spelling n. e.)
* CE
* Abbreviation of Common Era.

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Abbreviation of наша ера.

### Noun

н. е. • (n. e.) (alternative н.е.)
* CE
* Abbreviation of Common Era.
# dấu Thánh Giá
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

dấu (“symbol”) +‎ Thánh Giá (“Holy Cross”)

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [zəw˧˦ tʰajŋ̟˧˦ zaː˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [jəw˨˩˦ tʰɛɲ˦˧˥ jaː˨˩˦]
* (Saigon) IPA: [jəw˦˥ tʰan˦˥ jaː˦˥]

### Noun

dấu Thánh Giá
* (Christianity) sign of the cross
    làm dấu Thánh Giáto make a sign of the cross

#### Synonyms

* (sign of the cross): dấu thánh

#### Derived terms

* làm dấu (“to make a sign of the cross”)
# стандартизувати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From English standardize +‎ -ува́ти (-uváty). Compare Russian стандартизи́ровать (standartizírovatʹ), Belarusian стандартызава́ць (standartyzavácʹ), Polish standaryzować.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [stɐndɐrtezʊˈʋate]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

стандартизува́ти • (standartyzuváty) impf or pf
* (transitive) to standardize

#### Derived terms

* стандартизо́ваний (standartyzóvanyj)
* стандартизува́ння n (standartyzuvánnja)
* стандартизува́тися impf or pf (standartyzuvátysja)

#### Related terms

* станда́рт m (standárt)
* стандартиза́ція f (standartyzácija)
* станда́ртний (standártnyj)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “стандартизувати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “стандартизувати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “стандартизувати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “стандартизувати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# диктаторський
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From дикта́тор (dyktátor) +‎ -ський (-sʹkyj). Compare Russian дикта́торский (diktátorskij), Belarusian дыкта́тарскі (dyktátarski), Polish dyktatorski.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dekˈtatɔrsʲkei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

дикта́торський • (dyktátorsʹkyj)
* (relational) dictatorial (of or pertaining to a dictator)
* dictatorial (in the manner of a dictator)

#### Related terms

* дикта́т m (dyktát)
* дикта́тор m (dyktátor), дикта́торка f (dyktátorka)
* диктату́ра f (dyktatúra)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “диктаторський”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “диктаторський”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “диктаторський”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “диктаторський”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)