# amar
## Aromanian
### Alternative forms

* amaru

### Etymology

From Latin amārus. Compare Romanian amar.

### Adjective

amar (feminine amarã)
* bitter

#### Related terms

* amãrãscu
* amãrãciuni
* amãreatsã

## Assan
### Etymology

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔamar (“small embankment, pit”).

### Noun

amar
* hill

## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin amāre. First attested in the 12th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [əˈma]
* IPA: (Valencia) [aˈmaɾ]

### Verb

amar (first-person singular present amo, first-person singular preterite amí, past participle amat)
* (transitive) to love, have great affection for, care about
    Synonym: estimar

#### Usage notes

* Amar is usually used in poetic contexts. The verb estimar is much more common.

#### Conjugation
### References

* ↑ “amar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

### Further reading

* “amar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “amar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “amar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Franco-Provençal
### Alternative forms

* amar (Old Beaujolais)
** omo, ômô (Beaujolais)
* amé, amô (Bressan)
* èmô, omè, ômô (Bressan)
* amá (Dauphinois)
* amâ (Fribourgeois)
* amo (Forézien)
* amà (Piemontais)
* âmâ, amo (Savoyard)
* anma (Valaisan)
* lamé (Valdôtain)

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin amāre.

### Verb

amar (ORB, broad)
* to love

#### Related terms

* ami
* amor

### References

* aimer in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
* amar in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

### Further information

* AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 65: “lui l'ama molto” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “amare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 24: Refonte A–Aorte, page 387

## Friulian
### Alternative forms

* amâr

### Etymology

From Latin amārus.

### Adjective

amar
* bitter
* sour

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “bitter”): dolç

## Galician
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese amar, from Latin amāre.

### Verb

amar (first-person singular present amo, first-person singular preterite amei, past participle amado)
* to love

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Related terms

* amante
* amor

### Further reading

* “amar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Ido
### Etymology

From Esperanto ami, from French aimer, Spanish amar, Italian amare, all ultimately from Latin amō (“I love”).

### Verb

amar (present tense amas, past tense amis, future tense amos, imperative amez, conditional amus)
* (transitive) to love: to like (very much), care for, have affection for, cherish
    Me amas mea patri. ― I love my parents.
    El amis tua libro. ― She loved your book.

#### Derived terms

* amado (“loving”)
* amanta, amoza, amema (“loving”)
* amanto (“lover”)
* amata, amato (“beloved”)
* amegata (“darling”)
* aminda (“loveable; kind”)
* amindeso (“lovableness; kindness”)
* amo (“love”)
* pro amo a deo (“for the love of God, for God's sake”)

#### See also

* amorar (“to love passionately”)
* prizar (“to like”)
* afecionar (“to have affection for”)

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay amar, from Classical Malay امر (amar), from Arabic أَمْر (ʔamr).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈamar/
* Hyphenation: a‧mar

### Noun

amar (plural amar-amar)
* order
    Synonyms: perintah, suruhan

#### Derived terms

* amaran
* mengamarkan

### Further reading

* “amar” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Interlingua
### Etymology 1

From Latin amāre.

#### Verb

amar
* to love, have great affection for.
* to like, to be fond of.

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | amar | amar |
| participle | participle | present | perfect |
| participle | participle | amante | amate |
| active | | simple | perfect |
| active | present | ama | ha amate |
| active | past | amava | habeva amate |
| active | future | amara | habera amate |
| active | conditional | amarea | haberea amate |
| active | imperative | ama | |
| passive | | simple | perfect |
| passive | present | es amate | ha essite amate |
| passive | past | esseva amate | habeva essite amate |
| passive | future | essera amate | habera essite amate |
| passive | conditional | esserea amate | haberea essite amate |
| passive | imperative | sia amate | |

### Etymology 2

From Latin amārus, Italian amaro, Romanian amar. Compare Spanish amargo, Catalan amarg, Esperanto amara.

#### Adjective

amar (comparative plus amar, superlative le plus amar)
* bitter (having an acrid taste)

##### Synonyms

* acerbe
* acre

## Italian
### Verb

amar (apocopated)
* Apocopic form of amare

### Anagrams

* arma, marà, rama

## Kott
### Etymology

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔamar (“small embankment, pit”).

### Noun

amar
* small pit

## Ladino
### Etymology

From Latin amāre.

### Verb

amar (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling אמאר)
* to love

## Lombard
### Etymology

Akin to Italian amaro, from Latin amarus.

### Verb

amar
* bitter

## Maltese

* Root
* ’-m-r
* 2 terms

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈa.mar/

### Etymology 1

From Arabic أَمَرَ (ʔamara). An obsolete word that was revived by purists in the early 20th century on the basis of early Maltese sources.

#### Verb

amar (imperfect jamar)
* (archaic, literary, puristic) to command; to order; to decree
    Synonym: (usual) ordna

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

From Arabic أَمْر (ʔamr).

#### Noun

amar m (plural amajjar)
* order, command, decree

## Occitan
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Béarn):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin amārus.

#### Adjective

amar m (feminine singular amara, masculine plural amars, feminine plural amaras)
* acrid

### Etymology 2

From the Classical norm aimar, from Old Occitan amar, from Latin amāre.

#### Verb

amar
* (Mistralian) Alternative form of aimar

## Old Catalan
### Etymology

From Latin amārus.

### Adjective

amar (feminine amara, masculine plural amars, feminine plural amaras)
* bitter

### References

* “amar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin amāre (“to love”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ˈmaɾ/
* Rhymes: -aɾ

### Verb

amar
* to love

#### Descendants

* Galician: amar
* Portuguese: amar

### Further reading

* Universo Cantigas - "amar"
* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “amar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

## Old Irish
### Alternative forms

* amor

### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *amarom (“wailing, crying”); compare Welsh afar (“lamentation”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈaβ̃ar]

### Noun

amar n
* wailing, moaning
* song, singing
    Synonyms: cepóc, cétal, dúan, dúchann, laíd, od

#### Inflection

Neuter o-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | amar$^N$ | amar$^N$ | amar$^L$, amra |
| Vocative | amar$^N$ | amar$^N$ | amar$^L$, amra |
| Accusative | amar$^N$ | amar$^N$ | amar$^L$, amra |
| Genitive | amair$^L$ | amar | amar$^N$ |
| Dative | amar$^L$ | amraib | amraib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Descendants

* ⇒ Middle Irish: amrán
** Irish: amhrán
** Manx: arrane
** Scottish Gaelic: òran, amhran

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “amar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Old Occitan
### Etymology

From Latin amāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈmaɾ/

### Verb

amar
* to love
** c. 1110, Guilhèm de Peitieus, Canso:Ma dona m’assai’ e·m prueva, / Quossi de qual guiza l’am [...].My lady tries to tempt me to find out how much I love her.

#### Descendants

* Occitan: aimar

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese amar, from Latin amāre.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈma(ʁ)/ [aˈma(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈma(ʁ)/ [aˈma(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /aˈma(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /aˈma(ʁ)/ [aˈma(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aˈma(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈmaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈmaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈma.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: a‧mar

### Verb

amar (first-person singular present amo, first-person singular preterite amei, past participle amado)
* (transitive) to love, to have great affection for
    Graças a você, agora nos conhecemos, nos casamos e nos amamos.Thanks to you, now we met, we married and we love each other.
* (intransitive) to have the ability to love, to feel love
    Pobre homem, em todos esses oitenta anos nunca amou de verdade.Poor man, in all those eighty years, he never really loved.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Antonyms

* detestar, odiar

#### Derived terms

* amo-te (“I love you”)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin amārus (“bitter”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₃- (“to be hot”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈmar/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

amar m or n (feminine singular amară, masculine plural amari, feminine and neuter plural amare)
* (of food) bitter, rancid
* (of a person) bitter, rude

#### Antonyms

* dulce

#### Derived terms

* amărăciune
* amăreală
* amărui

#### Related terms

* amărî
* amărât
* amărăcios
* amăreață

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish ommar (“trough for holding water”).

### Noun

amar m (genitive singular amair, plural amaran)
* basin, pool, bath
* tank, cistern, vat
* channel, trough

#### Derived terms

* amar-eun
* amar-snàimh

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin amāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈmaɾ/ [aˈmaɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: a‧mar

### Verb

amar (first-person singular present amo, first-person singular preterite amé, past participle amado)
* to love, have great affection for, care about
    Te amo.I love you.

#### Usage notes

* amar typically refers to romantic love, querer refers to platonic love, and encantar refers to strong affection for an object or activity.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* desamor
* el amante en lo que ama, imperfecciones no halla
* enamorar
* te amo

#### Related terms

* amable
* amante
* amatorio
* amor
* amorío
* amoroso

### Further reading

* “amar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* arma, rama

## Sumerian
### Romanization

amar
* Romanization of 𒀫 (amar)

## Venetan
### Etymology

From Latin amāre. Compare Italian amare.

### Verb

amar
* (transitive) To love
* (transitive) To like

#### Conjugation

* Venetan conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.