OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# eloquente
## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

eloquente
* inflection of eloquent:
** strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
** strong nominative/accusative plural
** weak nominative all-gender singular
** weak accusative feminine/neuter singular

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin ēloquentem (“eloquent, articulate”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /e.loˈkwɛn.te/
* Rhymes: -ɛnte
* Hyphenation: e‧lo‧quèn‧te

### Adjective

eloquente (plural eloquenti, superlative eloquentissimo)
* eloquent
    Synonym: loquace

#### Derived terms

* eloquentemente

#### Related terms

* eloquenza
* eloquio

### Further reading

* eloquente in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Participle

ēloquente
* ablative masculine/feminine/neuter singular of ēloquēns

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* eloqüente (pre-1990 spelling)
* eloqùente (pre-reform)

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin ēloquentem.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /e.loˈkwẽ.t͡ʃi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /e.loˈkwẽ.t͡ʃi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /e.loˈkwẽ.te/
* (Portugal) IPA: /i.luˈkwẽ.tɨ/
* Hyphenation: e‧lo‧quen‧te

### Adjective

eloquente m or f (plural eloquentes)
* eloquent

#### Derived terms

* eloquentemente

#### Related terms

* eloquência
* ineloquente

### Further reading

* “eloquente”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# infrastruktur digital
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of infrastruktur (“infrastructure”) +‎ digital (“digital”).

### Noun

infrastruktur digital (uncountable)
* (information technology) digital infrastructure: the physical and software-based systems that support digital services and operations to relay information and digital products and services from one point to another.

### Further reading

* “infrastruktur digital” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# orgulho
## Galician
### Noun

orgulho m (plural orgulhos, reintegrationist norm)
* reintegrationist spelling of orgullo

### Further reading

* “orgulho” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

## Portuguese
### Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese orgullo, from Catalan orgull, from Vulgar Latin *orgollium, itself from Proto-West Germanic *uʀgōllju, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *uzgōljō. Compare French orgueil, Italian orgoglio, Spanish orgullo.

#### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -uʎu
* (Brazil) IPA: /oʁˈɡu.ʎu/ [oɦˈɡu.ʎu]
* (Brazil) IPA: /oʁˈɡu.ʎu/ [oɦˈɡu.ʎu]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /oɾˈɡu.ʎu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /oʁˈɡu.ʎu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /oɻˈɡu.ʎo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɔɾˈɡu.ʎu/ [ɔɾˈɣu.ʎu]
* Hyphenation: or‧gu‧lho

#### Noun

orgulho m (plural orgulhos)
* pride

##### Derived terms

* orgulhar
* orgulhoso

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

orgulho
* first-person singular present indicative of orgulhar

### Further reading

* “orgulho” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “orgulho”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “orgulho”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# naso-ethmoidal
## English
### Adjective

naso-ethmoidal (not comparable)
* Alternative form of nasoethmoid
# ejźli
## Silesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛj.ʑli/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛjʑli
* Syllabification: ej‧źli

### Conjunction

ejźli
* Alternative form of jeśli

### Further reading

* ejźli in silling.org
# 打ち
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 打
* う Grade: 3
* on'yomi
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 打つ (utsu, “to hit”).

#### Prefix

打(う)ち • (uchi-)
* adds emphasis to the verb, (e.g. 打(う)ち寄(よ)せる (uchiyoseru), 打(う)ち捨(す)てる (uchisuteru), 打(う)ち続(つづ)く (uchitsuzuku))
    不幸(ふこう)が打(う)ち続(つづ)く
       fukō ga uchitsuzuku
       the misfortune continues
* makes the verb softer, a little bit, briefly, (e.g. 打(う)ち見(み)る (uchimiru, “to glance at”))
* makes the verb more abstract, (e.g. 打(う)ち明(あ)ける (uchiakeru), 打(う)ち解(と)ける (uchitokeru))

#### Verb

打(う)ち • (uchi)
* stem or continuative form of 打つ (utsu) [godan]

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 打
* ぶ Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
From the verb 打(ぶ)つ (butsu).

#### Alternative forms

* 打(ぶ)っ (bu'-)
* ぶん (bun-)

#### Prefix

打(ぶ)ち • (buchi-)
* add emphasis to the verb, violently, strongly, quickly, suddenly, (e.g. 打(ぶ)ち込(こ)む (buchikomu), ぶっ殺(ころ)す (bukkorosu), ぶん殴(なぐ)る (bunnaguru))

##### Usage notes

This term is often spelled in hiragana.
# babykiller
## English
### Noun

babykiller (plural babykillers)
* Alternative form of baby-killer
# accidentalium
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ak.ki.deːnˈtaː.li.um/, [äkːɪd̪eːn̪ˈt̪äːlʲiʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /at.t͡ʃi.denˈta.li.um/, [ätː͡ʃid̪en̪ˈt̪äːlium]

### Adjective

accidēntālium
* genitive masculine/feminine/neuter plural of accidēntālis
# eloqùente
## Portuguese
### Adjective

eloqùente m or f (plural eloqùentes)
* (European Portuguese spelling) Pre-reform spelling (used until 1945) of eloquente.
# vǫrðr
## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *warduz, alternative form of *wardaz (“guard”), whence the variant varðr. Related to varr (“aware, wary”).

### Noun

vǫrðr m (genitive varðar, plural verðir)
* ward, warder
* guard, watch
    vǫrðr goða ― watchman of the gods (Heimdall)

#### Derived terms

* láðvǫrðr
* varðhygi

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: vörður
* Faroese: vørður
* Norwegian Nynorsk: vord
** → Norwegian Bokmål: vord
* Old Swedish: varþer
** Swedish: vard, vård
* → Scots: warth

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “vörðr”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 503; also available at the [https://archive.org/stream/concisedictionar001857
* page/503 Internet Archive]
* vård in SAOB, at SAOB
# pulicarin
## English
### Noun

pulicarin (uncountable)
* A flavonoid, 6,3'-dihydroxy-3,5,7,4'-methoxyflavone, found in Pulicaria salviifolia.
# fajer
## Silesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Feier.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfa.jɛr/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ajɛr
* Syllabification: fa‧jer

### Noun

fajer m inan
* holiday

### Further reading

* fajer in silling.org
# periodontal ligament
## English
### Noun

periodontal ligament (plural periodontal ligaments)
* (dentistry, anatomy) A specialized soft connective tissue that attaches the tooth to the alveolar bone socket.
# for what it's worth
## English
### Etymology

The phrase may have originally been used to qualify a statement of advice, opinion, or suggestion by referring to such a statement and describing it separately from making it.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Prepositional phrase

for what it's worth
* Considering what limited worth this advice, opinion, or suggestion might have for you; used to soften the presentation of unsolicited advice or information that may not be relevant.
** 1877, Julian Hawthorne, Garth, page 343:Take my advice for what it’s worth—don’t marry Garth: marry some old fool.
** 1908, Armand Both, The Half-smart Set, Frederick A. Stokes Company, page 276:“Well,” said he, “I have a suggestion to make, for what it’s worth.”
** 1999, Bruce Northam, Brad Olsen, In Search of Adventure: A Wild Travel Anthology, →ISBN, page 21:There were seven of us from America, and, for what it’s worth, I thought it was a fairly impressive group.
** 2005, Jennifer Rosen, Waiter, There’s A Horse In My Wine, →ISBN, page 253:For what it’s worth, the same holds true for fish bowls: overfill and you’ll suffocate the guppies.

#### Usage notes

"For what it's worth" can be used to emphasize humility by prompting the reader/listener to provide their judgment of worth against the statement being made; i.e., it may be useful information, it may not be, or perhaps differs from that the recipient's opinion.

#### Synonyms

* FWIW

#### Related terms

* two cents' worth

#### See also

* penny for your thoughts
# bannalium
## Latin
### Adjective

bannālium
* genitive masculine/feminine/neuter plural of bannālis

### Noun

bannālium n
* genitive plural of bannālia
# eloqùentemente
## Portuguese
### Adverb

eloqùentemente
* (European Portuguese spelling) Pre-reform spelling (used until 1945) of eloquentemente.
# jaringan saraf konvolusi
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of jaringan (“network”) +‎ saraf (“neuron”) +‎ konvolusi (“convolution”).

### Noun

jaringan saraf konvolusi (plural jaringan-jaringan saraf konvolusi)
* (information technology) convolutional neural network: a regularized type of feed-forward neural network that learns features by itself via filter (or kernel) optimization.

### Further reading

* “jaringan saraf konvolusi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# first-order
## English
### Adjective

first-order (not comparable)
* (mathematics, logic) Of one of a series of models, languages, relationship, forms of logical discourse, etc., being the simplest one or the first in a sequence.
* Of fundamental importance.
** 2021, Trevor George Gardner, “By Any Means: A Philosophical Frame for Rulemaking Reform in Criminal Law”, in Yale Law Journal Forum‎, page 800:If our goal is to put out the fire—to alleviate a humanitarian crisis broadly referenced in mainstream discourse as "mass incarceration" and "overcriminalization"— that are the specific benefits that flow from making fair policymaking process a first-order principle in the criminal-justice reform movement?

#### Derived terms

* first-order approximation
* first-order control
* first-order difference
* first-order election
* first-order fluid
* first-order function
* first-order hold
* first-order levelling
* first-order logic
* first-order ordinary differential
* first-order predicate
* first-order reaction
* first-order relief
* first-order spectrum
* first-order station
* first-order subroutine
* first-order theory
* first-order transition
* first-order variable

#### Related terms

* second-order
# gréasán
## Irish
### Etymology

From gréas +‎ -án.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ɟɾiaˈsˠɑːn̪ˠ/
* (Connacht) IPA: /ˈɟɾeːsˠɑːnˠ/, /ˈɟɾeːsˠɑːn̪ˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈɟɾeːsˠanˠ/, [ˈɟɾɛəsˠanˠ]

### Noun

gréasán m (genitive singular gréasáin, nominative plural gréasáin)
* (also computing) web
* net, network

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
gréasán
gréasáin
vocative
a ghréasáin
a ghréasána
genitive
gréasáin
gréasán
dative
gréasán
gréasáin
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an gréasán
na gréasáin
genitive
an ghréasáin
na ngréasán
dative
leis an ngréasán don ghréasán
leis na gréasáin :

#### Synonyms

* líon, líonra

#### Derived terms

* suíomh gréasáin
* gréasán aontreo
* Gréasán Domhanda

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* 1 2 “gréasán”, in Irish Pronunciation Database, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 431, page 139

### Further reading

* “gréasán”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “gréasán”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 383
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gréasán”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
# faska
## Polish
### Etymology

From German Fass +‎ -ka. Compare Silesian faska.

### Pronunciation

* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈfas.ka/

### Noun

faska f
* (Far Masovian) vessel for pouring slops
    Synonym: kilfas

### Further reading

* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “faska”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 107

## Silesian
### Etymology

From German Fass +‎ -ka. Compare Masovian Polish faska.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfas.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aska
* Syllabification: fas‧ka

### Noun

faska f
* small barrel (round vessel made from staves bound with a hoop)
    Synonym: beczka

### Further reading

* faska in silling.org
# periodontal ligaments
## English
### Noun

periodontal ligaments
* plural of periodontal ligament
# -syen
## Malay
### Alternative forms

* -isyen
* -si, -isi

### Etymology

Borrowed from English -tion or -sion. Doublet of -sen, -shen, -esyen, and -esen. Cognates to Tok Pisin -syen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /-ʃən/
* Hyphenation: -syen

### Suffix

-syen (Jawi spelling ـشن)
* -tion, -sion.
    posyen ― potion

#### Usage notes

In newer adaptations of English loanwords ending in -tion or -sion, this is now replaced by -si in an effort to make the ending of words of this kind uniform with its Dutch-derived counterparts in Indonesian (compare opsyen for option and aksi for action).

#### Derived terms
## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

Borrowed from English -tion or -sion. Doublet of -sen, -esyen, and -esen. Cognates to Malay -syen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /-ʃən/
* Hyphenation: -syen

### Suffix

-syen
* -tion
# consistorialium
## Latin
### Adjective

cōnsistōriālium
* genitive masculine/feminine/neuter plural of cōnsistōriālis
# amusement
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French amusement, from amuser +‎ -ment.
Morphologically amuse +‎ -ment

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈmjuzmənt/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: a‧muse‧ment

### Noun

amusement (countable and uncountable, plural amusements)
* (uncountable) Entertainment.
    To my great amusement, the dog kept on chasing its tail and yelped when it bit it.
** 2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 234a:This is some form of amusement you're talking about.
* (countable) An activity that is entertaining or amusing, such as dancing, gunning, or fishing.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:hobby
** 1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice:"What a charming amusement for young people this is, Mr. Darcy! There is nothing like dancing after all. I consider it as one of the first refinements of polished society."
** 1843, Edgar Allan Poe, The Gold-Bug:His chief amusements were gunning and fishing, or sauntering along the beach and through the myrtles, in quest of shells or entomological specimens--his collection of the latter might have been envied by a Swammerdamm.
** 1919, L. Frank Baum, The Magic of Oz:The Cat was sour-tempered and grumpy, at first, but before they had journeyed far, the crystal creature had discovered a fine amusement. The long tails of the monkeys were constantly sticking through the bars of their cage, and when they did, the Glass Cat would slyly seize the tails in her paws and pull them.

#### Derived terms

* amusement arcade
* amusement park
* amusement ride
* antiamusement

#### Translations
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French amusement.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌaː.my.zəˈmɛnt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: amu‧se‧ment
* Rhymes: -ɛnt

### Noun

amusement n (uncountable)
* entertainment, amusement

#### Related terms

* amusant
* amuseren

## French
### Etymology

From amuser (“to amuse”) +‎ -ment.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.myz.mɑ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

amusement m (plural amusements)
* amusement

#### Descendants

* → English: amusement
* → German: Amüsement

### Further reading

* “amusement”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# approved school
## English
### Noun

approved school (plural approved schools)
* (British, Ireland, historical) A former institution for the care and education of young offenders; a reformatory, reform school, youth detention center.
# dragon's dens
## English
### Noun

dragon's den
* plural of dragon's den
# fazan
## Kashubian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Fasan. Doublet of bażant, a form borrowed from Polish. Compare Silesian fazan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfa.zan/
* Rhymes: -azan
* Syllabification: fa‧zan

### Noun

fazan m inan (related adjective fazanów)
* Synonym of bażant (“pheasant”)

### Further reading

* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “bażant”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “bażant”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian фаза́н (fazán), from German Fasan, from Latin phasianus, from Ancient Greek φασιανός (phasianós, “bird of the river Φᾶσις (Phâsis)”).
Compare Italian fagiano and French faisan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /faˈzan/

### Noun

fazan m (plural fazani)
* pheasant (a bird of family Phasianidae, often hunted for food)
* (slang) an idiot, sucker
    Synonym: fraier

#### Derived terms

* fazan comun
* fazan gulerat
* fazan japonez
* fazan mongolic
* fazan tenebros
* fazan-de-vânătoare
* fazanerie
* fazanier
* făzăniță
* pica de fazan, rămâne de fazan

#### Related terms

* fazianide
* fezanda
* fezandare

#### See also

* galiformă
* jacana

### References

* fazan in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From German Fasan, from Latin phasianus, from Ancient Greek φασιανός (phasianós, “bird of the river Φᾶσις (Phâsis)”).

### Noun

fàzān m (Cyrillic spelling фа̀за̄н)
* pheasant

#### Declension
## Silesian
### Alternative forms

* fazōn

### Etymology

Borrowed from German Fasan. Displaced Old Polish bażant. Compare Kashubian fazan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfa.zan/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -azan
* Syllabification: fa‧zan

### Noun

fazan m animal
* pheasant

### Further reading

* fazan in dykcjonorz.eu
* Bogdan Kallus (2020) “bażant”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 222
* Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “fazan”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 208
* Michał Przywara (c. 1900) “fazan”, in Narzecza śląskie napisał ks. Michał Przywara. C. Słownik‎

## Slovene
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fazáːn/

### Noun

fazȃn m anim (female equivalent fazȃnka)
* pheasant
* (colloquial) freshman

#### Inflection
### Further reading

* “fazan”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025
# yðarr
## Old Norse
### Alternative forms

* yðvarr

### Etymology

From earlier yðvarr, from Proto-Germanic *izweraz.

### Determiner

yðarr
* the possessive adjective corresponding to the 2nd person plural pronoun ér, þér: your (plural)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “yðarr”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 504; also available at the [https://archive.org/stream/concisedictionar001857
* page/504 Internet Archive]
# knife thrower
## English
### Noun

knife thrower (plural knife throwers)
* A performer who entertains by demonstrating skill in throwing knives.
* (offensive, derogatory, ethnic slur) An Arab or a Muslim.
# manuteneo
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* manu teneo

### Etymology

Univerbation of manū (“in/by the hand”) +‎ teneō (“to hold”), one of the meanings being "to hold fast". Appears to underlie numerous Western Romance forms, but unknown in southern varieties and not attested in this use until the 11th century, therefore likely to be a calque of the Romance forms themselves.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ma.nuːˈte.ne.oː/, [mänuːˈt̪ɛneoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ma.nuˈte.ne.o/, [mänuˈt̪ɛːneo]

### Verb

manūteneō (present infinitive manūtenēre, perfect active manūtenuī, supine manūtentum); second conjugation (Medieval Latin)
* to support, uphold, maintain
* to carry on, continue
* to keep, preserve
* to hold in custody, detain

#### Derived terms

* manūtentus
* manūtentor
* manūtentiō
* manūtenentia, manūtentia
* manūtenementum

#### Descendants

* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Italian: mantenere
** Sicilian: manutèniri
** Venetan: mantegner
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Ladin: mantenir
* Gallo-Italic:
** Piedmontese: manten-e
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: mantenir
** Occitan: manténer, mantendre
** Old French: maintenir
*** French: maintenir
**** → Romanian: menține
*** → Middle English: mayntenen
**** English: maintain
***** → Cebuano: mintin, mintinar
*** → Middle High German: hanthaben (calque)
**** German: handhaben
**** → Middle Dutch: hanthaven
***** Dutch: handhaven
****** Afrikaans: handhaaf
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: mantener
** Old Galician-Portuguese: manteer, mantẽer
*** Galician: manter
*** Portuguese: manter
** Spanish: mantener
*** → Cebuano: mantinir
* Borrowings:
** → Ido: mantenar

### References

* R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “manutenere”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎, London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC
# diploicin
## English
### Noun

diploicin (uncountable)
* A carbonyl compound found in various lichenized fungi species of the Diploicia genus.
# drying rack
## English
### Noun

drying rack (plural drying racks)
* A frame or rack used for drying clothing or dishes etc.
# festelny
## Silesian
### Etymology

From fest +‎ -elny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɛsˈtɛl.nɪ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛlnɪ
* Syllabification: fes‧tel‧ny

### Adjective

festelny (derived adverb festelnie)
* strong, sturdy

#### Related terms

* fest
* festōng

### Further reading

* Barbara Podgórska, Adam Podgóski (2008) “festelnyj”, in Słownik gwar śląskich [A dictionary of Silesian lects], Katowice: Wydawnictwo KOS, →ISBN, page 84