# كوكم
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* كَوْكُوم (kawkūm)

### Etymology

From Hindi कोकम (kokam) / Urdu کوکم.

### Noun

كَوْكَم • (kawkam) m
* kokum (Garcinia indica plant and fruit)
** 2012 May 12, “دليلك إلى أشهر المشروبات الهندية المنعشة”, in Aš-Šarq al-Awsaṭ‎:قبل تسويق الموكتيل من قبل الفنادق والمطاعم، كان الهنود يشربون أنواعا حقيقية من الشربات: تعد من الكوكوم أو المانجو أو الكاذي أو بذور الخشخاش، إضافة إلى أنواع أخرى.Before cocktails became en vogue on the side of hotels and restaurants, the Indians used to drink authentic types of smoothies: They are prepared from kokum, mango, pandan, or poppy seeds, in addition to other types.

#### Declension
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek κουκκούμιον (koukkoúmion), κούκκουμα (koúkkouma), from Classical Syriac ܩܘܿܩܡܳܐ (qūqəmā, “pot”), absolute state ܩܘܿܩܽܡ (qūqum), from Imperial Aramaic 𐡒𐡅𐡒𐡌 (qwqm), from Akkadian 𒂁𒆪𒆪𒁍 (/⁠kukkubu, quqquba⁠/, “a smaller container used as an alabastron, libation jar, or drinking flask; originally a drinking pouch made from an animal’s stomach, any similar pouch with a small opening”), suspected to have been loaned or developed from Sumerian 𒂁𒃻𒋫𒆸 (/⁠gugguru⁠/, “tall earthen vessel with a narrow opening”).

#### Alternative forms

* گوگوم (güğüm)

#### Noun

گوگم • (güğüm)
* kind of kettle or ewer with handle, spout and lid, especially made of copper

##### Descendants

* Turkish: güğüm
* → Crimean Tatar: gügüm
* → Greek: γκιούμι (gkioúmi)
* → Macedonian: ѓум (ǵum)

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “güğüm”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1793
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “كوكم”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 404a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “كوكم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1058
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Cucuma”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 306
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “كوكم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 4089
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “güğüm”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كوكم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1601

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kȫkem (“sloe, blackthorn”) and thus related to گوك (gök, “sky”). Cognate with Azerbaijani göyəm, Bashkir күгэн (kügen), Chagatai كوگم (kögem), Kipchak كوكان (kögan), Kumyk гоган (gogan), Nogai көген and Tatar күгэн (kügen)

#### Alternative forms

* گووم (gövem, güvem), گوم (gövem, güvem)

#### Noun

گوگم • (göğem, güğem)
* sloe, the small, astringent, wild fruit of the blackthorn
* blackthorn, any large shrub or small tree of the species Prunus spinosa

##### Derived terms

* صاری گوگم (sarı göğem, “dandelion”)
* گوگم اریكی (göğem eriği, “bullace”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: göğem, güvem, gövem, güğem

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “göğem”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1738
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “كوكم”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 404a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “كوكم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1058
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Spineum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1584
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “كوكم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 4089
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “göğem”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كوكم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1601