# iungo
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *jungō, from Proto-Indo-European *yunégti ~ *yungénti, from the root *yewg-.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈi̯un.ɡoː/, [ˈi̯ʊŋɡoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈjun.ɡo/, [ˈjuŋɡo]

### Verb

iungō (present infinitive iungere, perfect active iūnxī, supine iūnctum); third conjugation
* to join, unite, fasten, yoke, harness, attach; esp. of the hand: to clasp, join
    Synonyms: colligo, cōnserō, cōgō, stīpō, glomerō, compellō, consocio, iniungō, coniungo, contraho, congerō, concilio
    Antonyms: solvō, absolvō, persolvō, distrahō, dissolvō, rumpō, sēparō
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.141-142:[...] Ipse ante aliōs pulcherrimus omnis īnfert sē socium Aenēās atque agmina iungit.[The Trojan leader] himself, before all others, most handsome — Aeneas comes forward as [Dido’s] companion, and also unites [their combined] ranks. (Symbolic of personal, civic and military alliances as Dido and Aeneas, Carthaginians and Trojans, join in regal formation for the hunt.)
* of a treaty or agreement: to join, unite, make; of marriage: to join, unite
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.126-127:“[...] cōnūbiō iungam stabilī propriamque dicābō: / hīc hymenaeus erit.” [...].”“I [Juno] will join [Dido and Aeneas] in lasting marriage, and dedicate her as his own [bride]: there [in a cave] will be their wedding.” (Note that Aeneid 4.126 is a repeat of line 1.73.)
* (grammar, passive voice, with dative) to take, govern (a case)
** 4th century CE, Donatus, Ars Minor :In et sub quandō accūsātīvō cāsuī iunguntur? Quandō vel nōs vel quōslibet in locum īre, īsse, itūrōs esse significāmus.In and sub, when do they take the accusative case? When we mean to say that we or others have gone, go or will go into a place.

#### Derived terms

* abiungō
* adiungō
* coniungō
* dēiungō
* disiungō
* iniungō
* interiungō
* iunctiō
* sēiungō
* subiungō
* superiungō
* trānsiungō

#### Descendants

* Asturian: xuncir, xoncer, xunir, uñir, xuntar
* Catalan: junyir, júnyer
* Old French: joindre, juindre, joint
** French: joindre, joint, jointer
** → English: join, joint
* Friulian: zontâ
* Galician: xoncer, xunguir, xuntar
* Italian: giungere, giuntare
* Ladin: jonjer
* Occitan: jónher
* Portuguese: junguir, jungir, juntar
* Spanish: juntar, uncir
* Sicilian: jùnciri
* Venetan: xónxer, xontar

### References

* “jungo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “iungo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* iungo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to form a friendship with any one: amicitiam cum aliquo jungere, facere, inire, contrahere to become a friend and guest of a person: hospitium cum aliquo facere, (con-)iungere to shake hands with a person: dextram iungere cum aliquo, dextras inter se iungere to build a bridge over a river: flumen ponte iungere to join forces with some one: copias (arma) cum aliquo iungere or se cum aliquo iungere to make a camp in common: castra coniungere, iungere (B. C. 1. 63)