# fram
## Faroese
### Etymology

From Old Norse fram, from Proto-Germanic *fram.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Adverb

fram (comparative fremri, superlative fremst)
* forward, ahead

#### Derived terms

* framførsla
* framleiða
* framleiðsla
* framløga
* framsýna
* framsýning
* framtíð

#### Related terms

* aftur
* eftir
* frá

## German
### Verb

fram
* inflection of framen:
** imperative singular
** (colloquial) first-person singular present

## Gothic
### Romanization

fram
* Romanization of 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse fram, from Proto-Germanic *fram.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /framː/
* Rhymes: -amː

### Adverb

fram (comparative framar, superlative framast)
* forth, forward
    Antonym: aftur
    fram og aftur ― back and forth
    fram og til baka ― there and back
    fram í/á ― onward into/onto
* in a direction that is closer to the exit of the house
    Antonym: inn
    Farðu fram í stofu. ― Go to the living room (which is closer to the exit than the room we are currently in).
* away from the coast
* (Suðurland) towards the coast

#### Derived terms

* fram hjá (“past”)
* fram með (“along”)
* fram undan (“ahead of”)
* framhjá (“past”)
* framundan (“in front”)
* framvegis (“in the future”)
* fara fram
* fara fram á
* fyrir fram
* hrista fram úr erminni
* leggja sig fram
* skara fram úr
* frambjóðandi m (“candidate”)
* framboð n (“supply”)
* framburður m (“pronunciation”)
* framfylgja (“to implement”)
* framfæri
* framför f (“progress”)
* framganga f (“behaviour”)
* framgangur m (“progression”)
* framhald n (“continuation”)
* framherji m (“striker”)
* framhlaðinn (“front-load”)
* framhlaðningur (“musket”)
* framkoma f (“demeanor”)
* framkvæma (“to implement”)
* framkvæmd f (“implementation”)
* framlag n (“contribution”)
* framleiða (“to manufacture”)
* framleiðandi m (“manufacturer”)
* framleiðsla f (“manufacture”)
* framlenging f (“extension”)
* framlengja (“to extend”)
* framsal n (“extradition”)
* framselja (“extradite”)
* framsókn f (“progress”)
* framtak n (“initiative”)
* framtíð f (“future”)
* framvinda f (“progress”)

#### Related terms

* framan
* frammi

## Irish
### Noun

fram
* (In phrase) frum fram (noise, uproar)

## Jamaican Creole
### Alternative forms

* from

### Etymology

Derived from English from.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfɹam/
* Hyphenation: fram

### Preposition

fram
* from
    A town yuh come fram?Are you from Kingston?
** 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Matyu 1:17:So fram Iebriyam go chriet baka Dievid, a fuotiin jinarieshan Jiizas did av. An fram Dievid taim op tu wen dem did tek we di Izrel piipl dem an fuos dem fi go wok a Babilan a fuotiin jinarieshan Jiizas did av de-so tu, an fram da taim de tu wen Krais Jiizas baan, a fuotiin jinarieshan dat tu.So all the generations from Abraham to David were fourteen generations, and from David to the deportation to Babylon fourteen generations, and from the deportation to Babylon to the Christ fourteen generations.
** 2018, Ragashanti, “Man a tell lie pon food”, in The Jamaica Star‎ (in Jamaican Creole):“Wen him see di caller a come outta har house him hear har a argue wid a man. Di man say him neva waan she order fram di restaurant an tell har not to eva order fram dem again. […] ”When he saw the caller exit her house, he heard her arguing with a man. The man said he didn't want her to order from the restaurant and told her not to ever order from them again. […]

### Further reading

* fram at JamaicanPatwah.com

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse fram.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /frɑmː/

### Adverb

fram
* forward

#### Alternative forms

* frem

#### Derived terms

* frambringe
* framdrift
* framfor
* framheve
* framhjul
* framlegge
* frammarsj
* framover
* framskynde
* framspringende
* framstille
* framstå
* framtre
* framvekst

### References

* “fram” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse fram.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /frɑmː/

### Adverb

fram
* forward

#### Derived terms

* framgang
* framhjul
* frammarsj
* framom
* framover
* frampå
* framstille, framstilla
* framstøyt
* framstå
* framsynt
* framvekst

### References

* “fram” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /frɑm/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *fram (“forward”), from Proto-Indo-European *prom-, *pr- (“forward, through”). Akin to Old High German fram (“forth, forward”), Old Norse fram (“forward, onward”, adverb), Old Norse frá (preposition), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 (fram).

#### Alternative forms

* from

#### Preposition

fram
* from [with dative]
** late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"
    ...þā læġ þǣr sum creopere lama fram cildhāde sē wæs dæġhwāmlīce ġeboren tō þām beorhtan ġete þæt hē ælmessan underfencge æt þām infarendum...Then lay there a cripple, lame from childhood, who was daily carried to the 'Beautiful' Gate, that he might receive alms from those entering.
** late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St. Alban, Martyr"
    Hē rād ðā on his mule mid mycelre fyrde þurh ǣnne hēahne holt mid hetelīcum ġeþance; þā ġefeng hine ān trēow be ðām fexe sona forþan þe hē wæs sīdfæxede and hē swā hangode, and sē mul arn forð fram þām ārlēasan hlāford and Dauides þeġnas hine þurhðydon.Then he rode on his mule with a great army through a high wood, with hostile intention; then speedily a tree caught him by the hair, because be was long-haired, and he hanged so, and the mule ran forward from the wicked lord, and David's thanes pierced him through.
* since [with dative]
** late 10th century, Ælfric, "Passion of St. Julian and his wife Basilissa"
    Gewitað fram us, we synd wraðe geswæncte and mid fyre for-numene for iulianes intingan, æfre fram þam dæge þe ge hine ærest dræhton.Depart from us, we are fiercely tormented and consumed with fire, for Julian's sake, ever since the day that ye first vexed him.
* by [with dative]
** c. 992, Ælfric, "THE FIRST SUNDAY IN LENT"
    Se Hælend wæs gelæd fram þam Halgan Gaste to anum westene, to ðy þæt he wære gecostnod fram deofle: and he ða fæste feowertig daga and feowertig nihta, swa þæt he ne onbyrigde ætes ne wætes on eallum þam fyrste: ac siððan him hingrode.Jesus was led by the Holy Ghost to a waste, in order that he might be tempted by the devil: and he there fasted forty days and forty nights, so that he tasted neither food nor drink in all that time: but he then hungered."
** early 12th century, the Peterborough Chronicle, year 1100
    On morgen æfter Hlāfmæssedæġe wearþ sē cyning Willelm on huntoþe fram his ānum menn mid āne flāne ofsċoten.On the morning after Lammas day, King William was out hunting when he was shot with an arrow by one of his servants.

##### Usage notes

The meaning 'by' is comes after or before a past participle.

##### Descendants

* Middle English: from, fram, vrom, vram, fro, fra, vra, fray (from Old Norse)
** English: from
*** → Scots: from, frome
** Yola: vrem, vrim, vreem, vream, vrom

#### Adverb

fram
* forward

##### Derived terms

* fram-

### Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *fram, from Proto-Germanic *framaz (“forward, protruding”), from Proto-Indo-European *prom-, *pr- (“forward, through”).

#### Alternative forms

* from, freom

#### Adjective

fram
* forward, firm, bold, stout, resolute
* vigorous, strong
* valiant, excellent
* effective

##### Derived terms

* framian

##### Related terms

* fremian
* fremman

##### Descendants

* Middle English: fram, frame

## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *fram, from Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“forth, forward”).

### Adverb

fram (comparative fremr, superlative fremst)
* forward, forth

#### Derived terms

* framvíss (“prescient, foreseeing, prophetic”)

#### Related terms

* framr
* fremja

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: fram
* Faroese: fram
* Norwegian Nynorsk: fram
** → Norwegian Bokmål: fram
* Old Swedish: fram
** Swedish: fram
* Old Danish: fræm, fram
** Danish: frem
*** Norwegian Bokmål: frem

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “fram”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse fram, from Proto-Germanic *fram.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fram/
* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

fram (not comparable)
* forth, forward, out
    De gick fram genom skogenThey walked forward [forth] through the forest [redundant in Swedish as well, but not as unidiomatic]
    Hären marscherade framThe army marched forward/forth
    Han tog fram en flaska vinHe took out [took forth] a bottle of wine
    De hoppade fram ur skuggarnaThey jumped out of [leapt forth/forward out of] the shadows
    Till slut kom sanningen framEventually, the truth came out
** 1907, Laura Fitinghoff, Barnen från Frostmofjället‎:Anna-Lisa rodnade djupt när hon ensam gick fram.Anna-Lisa blushed deeply when she all alone went forward.
** ahead
    Fortsätt rakt fram i två kilometerContinue straight ahead [straight forth/forward] for two kilometers
    Vägen delar sig längre framThe road forks up ahead [splits itself further forth/forward]
    Glöm inte att ställa fram klockan en timme imorgonDon't forget to set the time one hour ahead tomorrow [set forth the clock one hour tomorrow]
*** (later) on, (further) on, etc. (when applied to time or progress or the like)
    Synonym: senare (“later”)
    Jag kommer återkomma till det längre fram i presentationenI will come back to that later on [further ahead/forth] in the presentation
    Det är inget vi planerar i nuläget. Men vem vet, kanske längre fram?That is not something we are planning at the moment. But who knows, maybe later on?
* (towards and) to a destination, there
    Vi kom fram vid femtidenWe got there around five o'clock
    När kommer ni fram?When will you arrive?
    Det tog fem timmar att åka fram och tillbakaIt took five hours to get there and back
    Efter att ha gått genom skogen kom de fram till husetAfter walking through the forest, they arrived at the house
    Jag har kommit fram, så nu är jag frammeI have arrived, so now I am here (at the destination)
    Hann du fram (i tid)?Did you get there in time?
** (figurative) Also of time and more abstractly.
    Vädret förblir varmt ända fram till helgenThe weather will stay warm (all the way) until the weekend [all the way forth to the weekend]
    Laget nådde inte riktigt framThe team didn't quite make it [didn't quite reach the goal]
    komma fram till någotarrive at a conclusion ["arrive at something" – intuitively more of a fixed expression to native speakers]
* in front, front
    Byxorna har fickor fram och bakThe trousers have pockets in the front and in the back / The trousers have pockets front and back
    Antonym: bak

#### Usage notes

* Except not sounding literary or formal, the meaning of fram is usually best captured by English forth. Like forth, fram can mean both forward and out (of for example something being brought out/forth, or coming out/forth (thus appearing into view)).
* (sense 2) can be thought of as forth with an often implied "to the destination."
* Used for spatial, either of movement through or of position in space, as well as temporal adverbials; in the latter usage it will often correspond to later on. It is also a particle used in the formation of Swedish phrasal verbs, e.g. "ta fram" = "bring forth" = "bring out, develop."

#### Derived terms

* framfart
* framför
* framme
* framtid
* framåt
* komma fram
* stiga fram
* träda fram / framträda

#### Related terms

* främre (comparative)
* främst (superlative)

### References

* fram in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* fram in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* fram in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)