# 拐

| 拐 | U+62D0, &#25296; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62D0 |
| ← 拏 [U+62CF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 拑 → [U+62D1] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 拐 |
| Simplified | 拐 |
| Traditional | 拐 |

### Alternative forms

Note that Chinese uses 另 (力), while Japanese uses 叧 (刀).

### Han character

拐 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手口大尸 (QRKS) or 手口尸竹 (QRSH), four-corner 5602$_7$, composition ⿰扌另 or ⿰扌叧)

#### Related characters

* 柺

#### Derived characters

* 𮛠, 箉

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 425, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11955
* Dae Jaweon: page 773, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1853, character 3
* Unihan data for U+62D0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 箉 | *ɡʷroːlʔ |
| 拐 | *ɡʷroːlʔ |
| 枴 | *kʷroːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡʷroːlʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 冎 (OC *kroːlʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): guǎi (guai$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄞˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): guai$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaai$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kóai
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koái / koāiⁿ
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$kua
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guǎi
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄞˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guǎi
*** Wade–Giles: kuai$^3$
*** Yale: gwǎi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goai
*** Palladius: гуай (guaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯aɪ̯²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: guai$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: guai
*** Sinological IPA : /kuai⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwaai$^2$
*** Yale: gwáai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwaai$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guai$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷaːi̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kóai
*** Hakka Romanization System: guai$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: guai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ku̯ai̯³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koái
*** Tâi-lô: kuái
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koae
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kuai⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuai⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuai⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koāiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: kuāinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kvoai
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kuãi³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuãi²²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$kua
*** MiniDict: kua$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$kua
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kua³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: geaX
Rime :
| Character | 拐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 佳 (31) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 求蟹切 |
| Baxter | geaX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠɛ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚæ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡæi$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gaɨj$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡɛ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡai$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gai$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jià |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gaai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷroːlʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 拐 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4403 |
| Phonetic component | 枴 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 箉 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷroːlʔ/ |
| Notes | 餘校爲柺 |

### Definitions

拐
* to turn
    請右拐。／请右拐。 ― Qǐng yòu guǎi. ― Please turn right.
    請左拐。／请左拐。 ― Qǐng zuǒ guǎi. ― Please turn left.
* to kidnap; to abduct
* to misappropriate
* walking stick; cane
    拄拐 ― zhǔguǎi ― to walk with a cane
* the numeral seven (used in radio communications in aviation and by the military)
* (Sichuanese) wrong; incorrect

#### Synonyms

* (to turn):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 轉, 拐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 拐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 轉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 轉 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 轉 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 轉 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 斡 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 彎 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 斡 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 斡 |
* (walking stick):
* 手杖 (shǒuzhàng)
* 扶杖 (fúzhàng) (literary)
* 拐子 (guǎizi)
* 拄拐 (zhǔguǎi) (literary)
* 拐杖 (guǎizhàng)
* 拄杖 (zhǔzhàng) (literary)
* 拐棍 (guǎigùn)
* 文明棍 (wénmínggùn) (dated)
* 青藜 (qīnglí) (literary)
* (seven): 七 (qī)
* (wrong):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 過誤, 誤, 謬, 謬誤, 訛 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 錯, 不對, 錯誤 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 錯, 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 錯, 不對 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 錯, 不對 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 錯, 不對 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 錯, 差 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 錯 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 錯 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 錯, 拐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 錯, 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 錯 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 差 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 錯 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 錯, 唔啱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 錯, 唔啱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 唔啱 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 錯, 唔啱 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 唔啱, 錯 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 唔啱, 錯 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 錯 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 錯 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 差, 唔啱 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 唔著 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 錯, 不對, 差 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 錯 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 賺 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 賺 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 賺, 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 賺, 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 賺 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 賺, 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | salah, 毋著, 賺 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | salah, 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 毋著, 賺 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 賺 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 賺, 唔對, 唔著 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 賺 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | salah, 唔著, 賺 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 無著 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 無著 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 錯 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 無著 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 錯, 唔啱 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 錯 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 錯 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 錯, 賺 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 賺 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 賺 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 錯, 左 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 造, 錯 |

#### Compounds

* 一拐一拐
* 一瘸一拐 (yīquéyīguǎi)
* 七拐八彎 / 七拐八弯
* 七繞八拐 / 七绕八拐
* 三拐兒 / 三拐儿
* 丟拐 / 丢拐
* 刁拐
* 刁風拐月 / 刁风拐月
* 匿拐
* 右拐 (yòuguǎi)
* 坑​蒙​拐​騙 / 坑​蒙​拐​骗
* 大拐
* 孤拐
* 孤拐臉 / 孤拐脸
* 孤拐面
* 小拐
* 左拐 (zuǒguǎi)
* 性誘拐 / 性诱拐 (xìngyòuguǎi)
* 拐兒 / 拐儿
* 拐子 (guǎizi)
* 拐子臉 / 拐子脸
* 拐子頭 / 拐子头
* 拐子馬 / 拐子马
* 拐孤
* 拐帶 / 拐带 (guǎidài)
* 拐帶人口 / 拐带人口
* 拐彎 / 拐弯 (guǎiwān)
* 拐彎兒 / 拐弯儿 (guǎiwānr)
* 拐彎抹角 / 拐弯抹角 (guǎiwānmòjiǎo)
* 拐抓
* 拄拐 (zhǔguǎi)
* 拐杖 (guǎizhàng)
* 拐枕
* 拐棍 (guǎigùn)
* 拐棍兒 / 拐棍儿
* 拐步
* 拐盜 / 拐盗
* 拐肘 (guǎizhǒu)
* 拐著彎 / 拐著弯
* 拐裨子
* 拐角 (guǎijiǎo)
* 拐角處 / 拐角处
* 拐角處遇見幸福 / 拐角处遇见幸福
* 拐誘 / 拐诱
* 拐賣 / 拐卖 (guǎimài)
* 拐走
* 拐跑
* 拐進 / 拐进
* 拐門 / 拐门
* 拐騙 / 拐骗 (guǎipiàn)
* 拐點 / 拐点 (guǎidiǎn)
* 拿拐
* 曲裡拐彎 / 曲里拐弯
* 曲里拐彎
* 木拐梯子
* 架拐
* 柳拐子病 (liǔguǎizibìng)
* 繞拐 / 绕拐
* 羊拐
* 胳膊肘往外拐
* 腳骨拐 / 脚骨拐
* 誘拐 / 诱拐 (yòuguǎi)
* 誘拐者 / 诱拐者
* 豬拐子 / 猪拐子
* 辣拐子 (làguǎizi)
* 鐵拐李 / 铁拐李
* 雙拐 / 双拐
* 龍頭拐杖 / 龙头拐杖

#### Descendants

* →? Vietnamese: Cuội

### References

* ↑ Nguyễn Hùng Vĩ (2014) “Từ điển cũng... cuội”, in Văn Việt‎ (in Vietnamese)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: げ (ge)
* Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)
* Kun: かたる (kataru, 拐る)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 拐
* かい Grade: S
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 拐 (MC geaX).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ka̠i]

### Affix

拐(かい) • (kai)
* kidnap; abduct; falsify

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 拐 (MC geaX). Recorded as Middle Korean 괘〮 (kwáy) (Yale: kway) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 拐 (eumhun 속일 괴 (sogil goe))
* hanja form of 괴 (“kidnap; abduct; falsify”)

#### Compounds

* 유괴 (誘拐, yugoe, “abduction; kidnapping”)
* 유괴범 (誘拐犯, yugoebeom)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

拐: Hán Nôm readings: quảy, quải, quái, quẩy, quay, quày, quầy
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.