OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 太妃糖
## Chinese

* 太妃糖

### Etymology

Phono-semantic matching of English toffee via Shanghainese + Chinese 糖 (táng).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tàifēitáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄞˋ ㄈㄟ ㄊㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taai$^3$ fei$^1$ tong$^{4-2}$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tha-fi$_5$-daon$_6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tàifēitáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄞˋ ㄈㄟ ㄊㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tàifeitáng
*** Wade–Giles: tʻai$^4$-fei$^1$-tʻang$^2$
*** Yale: tài-fēi-táng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tayfeitarng
*** Palladius: тайфэйтан (tajfɛjtan)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ feɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taai$^3$ fei$^1$ tong$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: taai fēi tóng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taai$^3$ fei$^1$ tong$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tai$^3$ féi$^1$ tong$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːi̯³³ fei̯⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹⁻³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tha-fi$_5$-daon$_6$
*** MiniDict: tha$^去$ fi$^去$ daon$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tha-fi$_2$-daan$_3$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tʰa³³ fi⁵⁵ dɑ̃²¹/

### Noun

太妃糖
* toffee (candy)

#### Synonyms

* 奶糖 (nǎitáng)
* 拖肥糖 (tuōféitáng)
* 乳脂軟糖／乳脂软糖 (rǔzhīruǎntáng)
# actinozoa
## English
### Noun

actinozoa
* plural of actinozoan
* plural of actinozoon
# paill
## Welsh
### Etymology

Back-formation from peilliaid, ultimately derived from Latin pollen (“fine flour”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pai̯ɬ/
* Rhymes: -ai̯ɬ

### Noun

paill m (plural peilliau)
* pollen
    Synonym: manflawd
** 2024, “Cylchred bywyd planhigyn”, in Gwyddoniaeth — Pethau byw — Planhigion‎, BBC Bitesize, archived from the original on 2024-02-07, retrieved 2024-02-07:Mae blodau yn cynhyrchu celloedd gwryw o'r enw paill a chelloedd benyw o'r enw ofwlau (wyau).Flowers produce male cells called pollen and female cells called ovules (eggs).
* flour
    Synonyms: blawd, can, fflŵr

#### Derived terms

* cnewyllyn tiwb paill (“pollen tube nucleus”)
* cylchfa baill (“pollen zone”)
* diagram paill (“pollen diagram”)
* gronyn paill (“pollen grain”)
* paill anghoedol (“non-arboreal pollen”)
* paill coed (“tree pollen”)
* paill coedol (“arboreal pollen”)
* peilldiwb (“pollen tube”)
* peillddwyn (“polliniferous”)
* peillgod (“pollen basket”)
* peilliad (“pollination”)
* peilliaid (“bolted flour”)
* peillio (“to pollinate”)
* peilliog (“floury, pollinic”)
* peillrif (“pollen count”)
* sbectrwm paill (“pollen spectrum”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “paill”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# Bullucan
## English
### Proper noun

Bullucan
* A barangay of Laak, Davao de Oro, Philippines.
# cuișoriță
## Romanian
### Etymology

From cuișor +‎ -iță.

### Noun

cuișoriță f (plural cuișorițe)
* (botany) jagged chickweed (Holosteum umbellatum)
# гъэпсэфын
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʁapsafən]

### Verb

гъэпсэфын • (ğɛpsɛfən) (transitive)
* to make someone rest
    Лӏым зегъэпсэфы ӏофым икъынэужь ― Lˢʼəm zeğɛpsɛfə ʼwofəm jiqənɛwuź ― The man is resting after work.
    Седжэгъахэмэ тӏэкӏу зысгъэпсэфынэу щагум сыкъикӏыщт ― Sedžɛğaxɛmɛ tʼɛkʷʼu zəsğɛpsɛfənɛwu śagʷum səqikʼəśt ― After I done studying, I will come out to the yard to rest briefly.

#### Synonyms

* (to rest): гъэпсэхун (ğɛpsɛxʷun) (Kabardian)

#### See also

* псэфын (psɛfən)
* зыгъэпсэфын (zəğɛpsɛfən) (to rest)
# sick bay
## English
### Noun

sick bay (plural sick bays)
* A room in an institution, or compartment on a vessel, where basic medical supplies are kept and medical attention can be sought.

#### See also

* infirmary
* med bay
# placodioid lichen
## English
### Noun

placodioid lichen (plural placodioid lichens)
* A crustose lichen with an areolate center and radiating lobes on the circumference.
# asterozoan
## English
### Noun

asterozoan (plural asterozoa or asterozoans)
* Any animal in the echinoderm subphylum Asterozoa, which includes the brittle stars, basket stars and starfish
# tasalle
## Finnish
### Etymology

Allative of tasa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɑsɑlːeˣ/, [ˈt̪ɑ̝s̠ɑ̝lːe̞(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑsɑlːe
* Hyphenation: ta‧sal‧le

### Adverb

tasalle
* to the level of or abreast

#### Related terms

* tasalla
* tasalta

### Noun

tasalle
* allative singular of tasa

### Further reading

* “tasalle”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* astella
# Cebulida
## English
### Proper noun

Cebulida
* A barangay of Laak, Davao de Oro, Philippines.
# drobiță
## Romanian
### Etymology

From drob +‎ -iță.

### Noun

drobiță f (plural drobițe)
* (botany) dyer's greenweed (Genista tinctoria)
# wzōr
## Silesian
### Alternative forms

* wzůr (Steuers Silesian alphabet)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish wzór.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvzor/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -or
* Syllabification: wzōr

### Noun

wzōr m inan
* pattern; model

### Further reading

* wzōr in silling.org
* Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “wzōr”, in Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page 158
# гъэпсэхун
## Kabardian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʁapsaxʷən]

### Verb

гъэпсэхун • (ğɛpsɛxʷun) (intransitive)
* to rest
    Лӏым зегъэпсэху ӏуэхумкӏэ ― Lˢʼəm zeğɛpsɛxʷu ʼwɛxʷumkʼɛ ― The man is resting in work.

#### Synonyms

* (to rest): гъэпсэфын (ğɛpsɛfən) (Adyghe)

#### See also

* псэхун (psɛxʷun)
# skybox
## English
### Etymology

From sky +‎ box.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

skybox (plural skyboxes)
* A seating area for VIPs in a stadium.
** 2022, N. K. Jemisin, The World We Make, Orbit, page 92:When Aislyn showed up at the rally with her ticket, she and her friends and parents all got quickly ushered over to a fancy-looking private entrance and up to an even fancier luxury skybox.
* (video games, computer graphics) A cube with textures on its inner faces, used to simulate the sky or similar backdrop around a three-dimensional playfield.
** 2004, Paul Marino, 3D Game-Based Filmmaking: The Art of Machinima:Thankfully, tools have been created to assist in the skybox creation process.
** 2007, Stephen Cawood, Pat McGee, Microsoft XNA Game Studio Creator's Guide:To ensure consistent sizing for all images, you should give each image in the skybox the same pixel width and height dimensions.

#### Related terms

* skydome
# stom
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch stom, from Old Dutch stum, from Proto-West Germanic *stumm, from Proto-Germanic *stummaz. Cognate with German stumm, Old Saxon stum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stɔm/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔm

### Adjective

stom (comparative stommer, superlative stomst)
* mute, unable to speak, as medical condition or species-determined
    Synonym: sprakeloos
* speechless; soundless, silent
    Synonyms: sprakeloos, stil
    stomme films
       silent movies
* wordless, non-verbal
    Synonyms: woordeloos, non-verbaal
    Spotprenten leveren vaak stomme kritiek.Cartoons often provide non-verbal criticism.
* mentally dulling, soul-killing
    Synonyms: afstompend, geestdodend
* stupid, dumb
    Synonyms: dom, dwaas, stompzinnig
* foolish, senseless, piteous
    Synonym: dwaas
* in compounds essentially reinforcing the sense

#### Usage notes

* The use of stom for ‘stupid’ is deprecated by the deaf community, since it is the proper word for ‘mute’ in the sense of people who cannot speak. It is, however, no less common usage, analogous to the use of dumb in English.

#### Derived terms

* allerstomst
* doofstom
* stombezopen
* stomdoof
* stomdrinken
* stomdronken
* stomheid, stommigheid
* stomkop
* stomme film
* stommeling
* stommerd
* stommerik
* stommig
* stommiteit
* stompraten
* stomte
* stomtoevallig
* stomverbaasd
* stomvervelend
* stomverwonderd
* stomvol
* stomweg
* stomzat
* verstommen, verstomming

#### Descendants

* Berbice Creole Dutch: stom
* Negerhollands: stom
* → English: stum, stoom
* → Papiamentu: stom (dated)

### References

* M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

## Volapük
### Noun

stom (uncountable stoms)
* weather
** 1931, Arie de Jong, Gramat Volapüka, § 256:Lio stom binon-li?What is the weather like?

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only
# asterozoa
## English
### Noun

asterozoa
* plural of asterozoan
# -teca
## Catalan
### Etymology

From Latin -theca, from Ancient Greek θήκη (thḗkē, “case, scabbard”).

### Suffix

-teca f
* used for any kind of collection

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* “-teca”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin -theca, from Ancient Greek -θήκη (-thḗkē, “case, scabbard”). Equivalent of teca.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɛ.ka/
* Rhymes: -ɛka
* Hyphenation: -tè‧ca

### Suffix

-teca
* used to form nouns meaning a library, gallery or similar collection of things

#### Derived terms
### Anagrams

* tace

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin -theca, from Ancient Greek θήκη (thḗkē, “case, scabbard”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɛ.kɐ/
* Rhymes: -ɛkɐ

### Suffix

-teca f (noun-forming suffix, plural -tecas)
* Used for any kind of collection.

#### Derived terms
## Spanish
### Etymology 1

From Latin -theca, from Ancient Greek θήκη (thḗkē, “case, scabbard”).

#### Suffix

-teca f (noun-forming suffix, plural -tecas)
* forms collections

##### Derived terms

* biblioteca (“library”)
* discoteca (“discotheque”)
* filmoteca (“film collection”)
* ludoteca (“a collection of games”)
* pinacoteca (“art collection”)
* videoteca (“video collection”)
* vinoteca (“wine collection”)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl -tecatl.

#### Suffix

-teca m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -tecas) -teca m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -tecas)
* forms various Mexican or Central American ethnicities

##### Derived terms

* azteca
* guatemalteca
* zapoteca

### Further reading

* “-teca”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Njǫrðr
## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *Nerþuz, of unknown origin. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂nḗr (“power, vitality, force”). More at Njörðr, Njörun, and Nerthus.

### Proper noun

Njǫrðr m
* (Norse mythology) Njord, the father of Freyr and Freya
** c. 962, Egill Skallagrímsson, Arinbjarnarkviða, section 17:Þat allr herr · at undri gefsk, hvé urþjóð · auði gnǿgir, en Grjótbjǫrn · of gǿddan hefr Freyr ok Njǫrðr · at féar afli.All people are astonished at how he (= Arinbjǫrn) blesses mankind with wealth, but Freyr and Njord have endowed “Rock-bear” (= Arinbjǫrn) with plenty stock.

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: Njörður
* Faroese: Njørður
* Norwegian Nynorsk: Njord
* Swedish: Njärd, Njord
* Danish: Njørd, Njord
* → English: Njorth, Njord

### References

* ↑ Richard Cleasby, Guðbrandur Vigfússon (1874) “Njǫrðr”, in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, 1st edition, Oxford: Oxford Clarendon Press.
# ruginiță
## Romanian
### Etymology

From rugină +‎ -iță.

### Noun

ruginiță f (plural ruginițe)
* (botany) wall-rue (Asplenium ruta-muraria)
* (botany) maidenhair spleenwort (Asplenium trichomanes)
# yno
## Translingual
### Symbol

yno
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Yong.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Yong terms

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin hymnus.

### Noun

yno m (plural ynos)
* hymn
* anthem

#### Descendants

* Galician: himno m
* Portuguese: hino m

## Silesian
### Alternative forms

* yny, iny, ino, jyn, jyny, jyno, jeno

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish jeno, from Proto-Slavic *jenъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɪ.nɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪnɔ
* Syllabification: y‧no

### Adverb

yno
* only
* but

#### Synonyms

* ynoś

### Further reading

* yno in dykcjonorz.eu
* yno in silling.org
* Eugeniusz Kosmała (2023) “tylko”, in Dykcjōnôrz Polsko-Ślonskiy (in Silesian), t, pages 1480-1484

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈənɔ/
* Rhymes: -ənɔ

### Adverb

yno
* there (out of sight of speaker)

#### Related terms

* yna
# гъэпшъын
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʁapʂən]

### Verb

гъэпшъын • (ğɛpŝən) (transitive)
* to tire, to exhaust
    Кӏалэм сегъэпшъы ― Kʼalɛm seğɛpŝə ― The boy is exhausting me.
    Лӏыжъым къыӏотагъ зэкӏэм тыгъэпшъыгъ — All the things the old-man told exhausted us.
    Мо кӏалэхэр бэрэ сыгъэчъэнхи сыгъэпшъыщтых ― Mo kʼalɛxɛr bɛrɛ səğɛĉɛnxi səğɛpŝəśtəx ― I will make those boys run a lot and will tire them.
    Чэщым сагъэпшъыгъэу унэм сыкъехьэжьы ― Čɛśəm sağɛpŝəğɛwu wunɛm səqeḥɛźə ― At night I return home while they tired me.

#### See also

* мэпшъын (mɛpŝən) (intransitive)
# skincare
## English
### Etymology

From skin +‎ care.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈskɪn.kɛə/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈskɪn.kɛɹ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪnkɛə(ɹ)
* Hyphenation: skin‧care

### Noun

skincare (uncountable)
* The care and treatment of the skin, especially of the face.
    The saleswoman told her that her face would look older unless she bought this line of skincare products.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* arsenick, snackier

## Italian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English skincare.

### Noun

skincare f (invariable)
* skincare (care and treatment of the skin)

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English skincare.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /is.kĩˈkɛ(ʁ)/ [is.kĩˈkɛ(h)], /skĩˈkɛ(ʁ)/ [skĩˈkɛ(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /is.kĩˈkɛ(ʁ)/ [is.kĩˈkɛ(h)], /skĩˈkɛ(ʁ)/ [skĩˈkɛ(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /is.kĩˈkɛ(ɾ)/, /skĩˈkɛ(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃ.kĩˈkɛ(ʁ)/ [iʃ.kĩˈkɛ(χ)], /skĩˈkɛ(ʁ)/ [skĩˈkɛ(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /skĩˈkɛ(ɻ)/, /is.kĩˈkɛ(ɻ)/
* Hyphenation: skin‧care

### Noun

skincare f (uncountable)
* skincare (care and treatment of the skin)

## Spanish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English skincare.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈskinkeɾ/ [ˈskĩŋ.keɾ]
** Rhymes: -inkeɾ
* IPA: (adapted) /esˈkinkeɾ/ [esˈkĩŋ.keɾ]
** Rhymes: -inkeɾ

### Noun

skincare m (uncountable)
* skincare (care and treatment of the skin)

#### Usage notes

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.
# tradesperson
## English
### Etymology

From trade +‎ -s- +‎ person.

### Noun

tradesperson (plural tradespersons or tradespeople)
* A skilled manual worker.
    Synonym: tradie (Australia, colloquial)
    Hypernyms: blue-collar worker < worker < person
    Hyponyms: tradesman, tradeswoman
    Coordinate terms: laborer; white-collar worker, pink-collar worker

#### Related terms

* trade union, trades union

#### See also

* artisan
* craftsperson, craftsman, craftswoman
* journeyperson, journeyman, journeywoman
* master, master craftsman
# kerb
## English
### Alternative forms

* curb (US and Canada)
* kirb (obsolete)

### Etymology

From curb (“raised border or frame”) [from mid-17th c.]. Doublet of curve.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /kɝb/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /kɜːb/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)b
* Homophones: curb, kirb

### Noun

kerb (plural kerbs)
* (British, Australia, New Zealand) The raised edge between the pavement and the roadway, typically made of concrete though originally consisting of a line of kerbstones.
** 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 164:Mobile starting-gates and horse-boxes stand parked along the kerbs, and behind every large house, it seems, is a red brick stableyard, gleaming with fresh black-and-white paint and polished steel.
* A stone ring built to enclose and sometimes revet the cairn or barrow built over a chamber tomb.
* Alternative form of curb (“raised margin along the edge of a well, etc.”)

#### Derived terms

* drop kerb
* kerb appeal
* kerb crawl
* kerb crawler
* kerb crawling
* kerb drill
* kerb stone
* kerb-stone
* kerb weight
* kerby
* kick to the kerb
* sausage kerb

#### Translations
### Verb

kerb (third-person singular simple present kerbs, present participle kerbing, simple past and past participle kerbed)
* (British, transitive) To damage vehicle wheels or tyres by running into or over a pavement kerb.
* To take a dog to the kerb for the purpose of evacuating.
** 1946, George Johnston, Skyscrapers in the Mist, page 35:I was fidgeting a bit, because three dogs were sniffing at my ankles in an interested fashion. They were going out to be kerbed[.]

### Anagrams

* Berk, berk, brek

## Northern Kurdish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɛɾb/

### Noun

kerb f
* hatred
# tasoja
## Finnish
### Noun

tasoja
* partitive plural of taso
* partitive plural of tasa

### Anagrams

* ajosta, jaosta, ojasta, ostaja, satoja
# Macopa
## English
### Proper noun

Macopa
* A barangay of Laak, Davao de Oro, Philippines.
# floarea soarelui
## Romanian
### Alternative forms

* floarea-soarelui

### Noun

floarea soarelui f (plural florile soarelui)
* sunflower (flower)

#### Synonyms

* răsărită (Moldavia)
# zac
## Translingual
### Symbol

zac
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Ocotlán Zapotec.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Ocotlán Zapotec terms

## English
### Noun

zac (plural zacs)
* Alternative form of zack
** 1980, Clive James, Unreliable Memoirs, Picador, published 1981, page 13:Coated with black crumbs and custard, the zac streaked out of his mouth like a dum-dum and ricocheted off a tureen.
** 1985, Peter Carey, Illywhacker, Faber and Faber, published 2003, page 370:'You're very fortunate.' 'I worked for it, every zac and deener.'

### Anagrams

* caz, CAZ, Caz

## Italian
### Interjection

zac
* rap (sound)

## Megleno-Romanian
### Etymology

From Latin jaceō. Compare Romanian zăcea, zac, Aromanian dzac.

### Verb

zac
* lie (remain lying down), lie down

#### Related terms

* zățeari / zățęri

#### See also

* culc

### References

* ↑ https://www.dex.ro/z%C4%83cea

## Romanian
### Verb

zac
* inflection of zăcea:
** first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** third-person plural present indicative

## Silesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Satz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzat͡s/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at͡s
* Syllabification: zac

### Noun

zac m inan
* (grammar) sentence

### Further reading

* zac in silling.org
# гъэцӏыон
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʁat͡sʼəwan]

### Verb

гъэцӏыон • (ğɛcʼəwon) (transitive)
* to make something shine
    Мащинэр къэгъэцӏыу ― Maśinɛr qɛğɛcʼəwu ― Make the car shine.

### See also

* мэцӏыон (mɛcʼəwon) (intransitive)
# subculture
## English
### Etymology

From sub- +‎ culture.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈsʌbˌkʌltʃɚ/

### Noun

subculture (plural subcultures)
* A portion of a culture distinguished by its customs or other features, often in contrast to the larger mainstream culture.
    The goth subculture has its own mode of dress, and it has a characteristic musical style.
** 1974, Charles Gaines, George Butler, Pumping Iron: The Art and Sport of Bodybuilding, page 7:Like those activities, bodybuilding is an obsession, a living (for a few), and a way of life for the people involved in it—a subculture, in a word, with its own values, aesthetics and vocabulary.
** 2014 November 24, Anand Giridharadas, “How to Talk About Race Without Talking About Race”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:White Americans are transitioning toward minority status for the first time. As they do, perhaps their ways will be treated less as the default mainstream, and more as subcultures among subcultures.
** 2021 July 9, Michelle Goldberg, “The Christian Right Is in Decline, and It’s Taking America With It”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:White evangelicals once saw themselves “as the owners of mainstream American culture and morality and values,” said Jones. Now they are just another subculture.
* (biology) A culture made by transferring microorganisms from a previous culture to a fresh growth medium

#### Related terms

* idioculture

#### Translations
### Verb

subculture (third-person singular simple present subcultures, present participle subculturing, simple past and past participle subcultured)
* (biology) To transfer (microorganisms) to a fresh growth medium in order to start a new culture
** 1990, Heidi F. Kaeppler et al., “Silicon carbide fiber-mediated DNA delivery into plant cells”, in Plant Cell Reports‎, volume 9, number 8:Cultures were subcultured by 20-fold dilution into fresh MS2D medium approximately every 7 d.

### Further reading

* subculture on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## French
### Etymology

From sub- +‎ culture.

### Noun

subculture f (plural subcultures)
* subculture

### Further reading

* “subculture”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Noun

subculture f
* plural of subcultura
# brock
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English brok, from Old English broc (“badger”), related to Danish brok (“badger”); both probably originally from a Celtic source akin to Irish broc, Welsh broch, Cornish brogh and thus ultimately from Proto-Celtic *brokkos.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /bɹɒk/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /bɹɑk/
* Rhymes: -ɒk

### Noun

brock (plural brocks)
* (UK) A male badger.
** 1756 [1704], Ben Jonson, “The Tale of a Tub”, in Peter Whalley, editor, The Works of Ben Jonson‎, page 108:Or with pretence of chasing thence the brock, Send in a cur to worry the whole flock.
* (archaic, possibly obsolete) A brocket, a stag between two and three years old.
** 1833, “Stag”, in The Sportsman’s Cabinet, and Town and Country Magazine‎, page 417:By sportsmen the stag is called, the first year, a calf or hind-calf ; the second year, a knobber ; the third, a brock ; the fourth, a staggard ; the fifth, a stag ; the sixth, a hart.
* (obsolete) A dirty, stinking fellow.

#### Derived terms

* brockish (possibly)

### Verb

brock (third-person singular simple present brocks, present participle brocking, simple past and past participle brocked)
* To taunt.
** 1988, Alan Hollinghurst, The Swimming-Pool Library, paperback edition, London: Penguin Books, →ISBN, page 112:Then other boys noticed that he had a softness for me, and brocked us both, so that I, who had been as unconscious as ever of anything erotic, suddenly learnt what was going on &, by some profound power of suggestion, what my feelings actually were.

### Anagrams

* Borck

## Manx
### Alternative forms

* broc

### Etymology

From Middle Irish brocc, from Proto-Celtic *brokkos (“badger”) (compare Welsh broch).

### Noun

brock m (genitive singular brock, plural brockyn)
* badger

### Mutation
## Scots
### Etymology 1

Old Scots brok or broke, from Old English broc, Scottish Gaelic broc (“badger”).

#### Noun

brock (plural brocks)
* badger
* a despised person
** 1833, James Hogg, The Brownie of Bodsbeck, page 13:He wantit to wheedle my wife out o’ ilk thing she had, an’ to kiss my daughter too, if he could. Vile brock!He wished to talk my wife out of everything she had, and to kiss my daughter too, if he could. Vile blackguard!

### Etymology 2

From Old English gebroc (“fragment”), from brecan (“to break”).

#### Noun

brock (plural brocks)
* leftovers, scraps of bread or meat
* rubbish, (especially) something broken
* something or someone of little worth, small potatoes
    I neither got stock nor brock ― I have nothing, great or small.
# 'asis
## Cahuilla
### Noun

'ásis (possessive only)
* niece (brother's daughter)