# rugby
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ˈɹʌɡbi/
* Audio (General American):(file)
* Hyphenation: rug‧by

### Etymology 1

From the name of Rugby School in Rugby, in Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom, where the modern game was developed in the 19th century. The place name Rugby is attested in the Domesday Book as Old English Rocheberie (probably equivalent to rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) +‎ -by (suffix indicating a village or town)), possibly from *Hrōcebyriġ, dative singular of *Hrōceburh, from hrōc (“rook”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)) + burh, burg (“castle, fort, stronghold; city; town”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)).

#### Noun

rugby (countable and uncountable, plural rugbies)
* (usually uncountable, sports)
** A form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar.
    Synonym: rugger
    The scrum is a distinctive element of rugby.
    The two rugbies split following a debate about amateurism.
** (specifically) The form of the game known as rugby union (see the usage note).
* (countable) Ellipsis of rugby shirt (“a shirt of the kind worn by rugby players, usually short-sleeved and with a buttoned opening at the neck like a polo shirt, but with a stiffer collar”).
** 2003, B. Lawson Thornton, Misery Loves Company: The Diary of Kerri Mitchell, East River Press, →ISBN:I don't know why, but for some reason people who work undercover for department store security always wear rugbies and khakis.
** 2007, Adam Mansbach, Angry Black White Boy: […], Crown, →ISBN, page 69:Jansports and cargo pants were everywhere, set off with overstated polos, rugbies, and sweatshirts blaring the logos of hip hop designers.
** 2015, Tony Jackson, From the Streets to the Sheets, Page Publishing, →ISBN:I bought three jogging suits, a pair of Polo sneakers, and two rugbies.

##### Usage notes

The word rugby when used without any modifying word is commonly used to refer specifically to the game of rugby union – for example, the Rugby World Cup is a rugby union tournament. Referring to rugby league simply as rugby is less common, except in countries where that is the predominant version of rugby football played.
A major difference between rugby and football (association football or soccer) is that in the latter sport players apart from the goalkeeper are not permitted to handle the ball.

##### Alternative forms

* Rugby (archaic)

##### Hyponyms

* American rules rugby, Harvard rules football (obsolete) (evolved into American football)
* Canadian rules rugby (obsolete) (evolved into Canadian football)
* rugby league, league
* rugby union, RU, union
* rugby sevens, rugby 7s
* rugby tens, rugby 10s, ten-a-side rugby, 10-a-side rugby, ten-a-side, 10-a-side
* rugby fifteens, rugby 15s

##### Derived terms

* chesterfield rugby
* mini rugby
* quad rugby
* rugby ball
* rugby boot
* rugbyesque
* rugby fives
* rugby football
* rugby footballer
* rugby head
* rugbyist
* rugby league
* rugbylike
* rugby pass
* rugby player
* rugby sevens
* rugby shirt
* rugby tackle
* rugby union
* rugger
* tag rugby
* touch rugby
* underwater rugby
* wheelchair rugby

##### Descendants

* → Afrikaans: rugby
* → Catalan: rugbi
* → Cebuano: rugby
* → Czech: rugby, ragby
* → Danish: rugby
* → Dutch: rugby
* → French: rugby (see there for further descendants)
* → German: Rugby
* → Hindi: रग्बी (ragbī)
* → Irish: rugbaí
* → Italian: rugby
* → Japanese: ラグビー (ragubī)
* → Korean: 럭비 (reokbi)
* → Portuguese: rugby
* → Russian: регби (regbi)
* → Serbo-Croatian: rȁgbi, ра̏гби
* → Spanish: rugby
* → Thai: รักบี้ (rák-bîi)
* → Welsh: rygbi

##### Translations
#### Verb

rugby (third-person singular simple present rugbies, present participle rugbying, simple past and past participle rugbied)
* (intransitive) To play rugby.

##### Translations
#### See also

* American football
* association football
* Canadian football
* football
* rugby football
* Category:en:Rugby

### Etymology 2

Genericized trademark from Rugby, a brand of rubber cement by Bostik.

#### Noun

rugby (plural rugbys)
* (Philippines) Rubber cement, contact cement; commonly associated with solvent abuse, as it is often used as an inhalant.

##### Derived terms

* rugby boy

### References

* ↑ “rugby, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, September 2019; “rugby$^1$, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

### Further reading

* rugby football on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* rugby league on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* rugby union on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* rugby (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English rugby.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

rugby (uncountable)
* (sports) rugby

## Cebuano
### Etymology 1

From Rugby, (a brand of rubber cement by Bostik).

#### Noun

rugby
* rubber cement, contact cement

##### Derived terms

* rugby boy

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English rugby.

#### Noun

rugby
* the sport of rugby

## Czech
### Alternative forms

* ragby

### Etymology

Borrowed from English rugby (sport).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈraɡbɪ]
* Audio (Czech Republic):(file)
* Hyphenation: rug‧by

### Noun

rugby n (indeclinable)
* rugby [20th c.]
** 2006, Luboš Jeřábek, transl., Fotbal – velký lexikon‎, Praha: Grada Publishing, translation of Fussball-Lexikon by Bernd Rohr and Günter Simon, →ISBN, page 10:Ve škole v Rugby zakládá W. W. Ellis hru rugby (zvanou také rugbyfotbal, na rozdíl od pozdějšího asociačního fotbalu), při které je dovoleno hrát i rukama.W. W. Ellis invents a game called rugby (or rugby football, in contrast to later founded association football), in which it is allowed to play with hands, at a school in Rugby.

#### Derived terms

* rugbista
* rugbyový

### Further reading

* “rugby”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “rugby”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrʏx.bi/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: rug‧by

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from English rugby.

#### Noun

rugby n (uncountable)
* rugby (sport)

##### Derived terms

* rugbybal
* rugbyen
* rugbyspeler

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

rugby
* inflection of rugbyen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Finnish
### Etymology

From English rugby.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɑɡbi/, [ˈrɑ̝ɡbi]
* IPA: /ˈruɡby/, [ˈruɡby]
* Rhymes: -ɑɡbi
* Hyphenation: rug‧by

### Noun

rugby
* (sports) rugby

#### Declension

Possessive forms of rugby (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbyni
rugbyni
accusative
nom.
rugbyni
rugbyni
gen.
rugbyni
genitive
rugbyni
rugbyjeni
partitive
rugbyani
rugbyjani
inessive
rugbyssani
rugbyissani
elative
rugbystani
rugbyistani
illative
rugbyyni
rugbyihini
adessive
rugbyllani
rugbyillani
ablative
rugbyltani
rugbyiltani
allative
rugbylleni
rugbyilleni
essive
rugbynani
rugbyinani
translative
rugbykseni
rugbyikseni
abessive
rugbyttani
rugbyittani
instructive
comitative
—rugbyineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbysi
rugbysi
accusative
nom.
rugbysi
rugbysi
gen.
rugbysi
genitive
rugbysi
rugbyjesi
partitive
rugbyasi
rugbyjasi
inessive
rugbyssasi
rugbyissasi
elative
rugbystasi
rugbyistasi
illative
rugbyysi
rugbyihisi
adessive
rugbyllasi
rugbyillasi
ablative
rugbyltasi
rugbyiltasi
allative
rugbyllesi
rugbyillesi
essive
rugbynasi
rugbyinasi
translative
rugbyksesi
rugbyiksesi
abessive
rugbyttasi
rugbyittasi
instructive
comitative
—rugbyinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbymme
rugbymme
accusative
nom.
rugbymme
rugbymme
gen.
rugbymme
genitive
rugbymme
rugbyjemme
partitive
rugbyamme
rugbyjamme
inessive
rugbyssamme
rugbyissamme
elative
rugbystamme
rugbyistamme
illative
rugbyymme
rugbyihimme
adessive
rugbyllamme
rugbyillamme
ablative
rugbyltamme
rugbyiltamme
allative
rugbyllemme
rugbyillemme
essive
rugbynamme
rugbyinamme
translative
rugbyksemme
rugbyiksemme
abessive
rugbyttamme
rugbyittamme
instructive
comitative
—rugbyinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbynne
rugbynne
accusative
nom.
rugbynne
rugbynne
gen.
rugbynne
genitive
rugbynne
rugbyjenne
partitive
rugbyanne
rugbyjanne
inessive
rugbyssanne
rugbyissanne
elative
rugbystanne
rugbyistanne
illative
rugbyynne
rugbyihinne
adessive
rugbyllanne
rugbyillanne
ablative
rugbyltanne
rugbyiltanne
allative
rugbyllenne
rugbyillenne
essive
rugbynanne
rugbyinanne
translative
rugbyksenne
rugbyiksenne
abessive
rugbyttanne
rugbyittanne
instructive
comitative
—rugbyinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbynsa
rugbynsa
accusative
nom.
rugbynsa
rugbynsa
gen.
rugbynsa
genitive
rugbynsa
rugbyjensa
partitive
rugbyaan rugbyansa
rugbyjaan rugbyjansa
inessive
rugbyssaan rugbyssansa
rugbyissaan rugbyissansa
elative
rugbystaan rugbystansa
rugbyistaan rugbyistansa
illative
rugbyynsa
rugbyihinsa
adessive
rugbyllaan rugbyllansa
rugbyillaan rugbyillansa
ablative
rugbyltaan rugbyltansa
rugbyiltaan rugbyiltansa
allative
rugbylleen rugbyllensa
rugbyilleen rugbyillensa
essive
rugbynaan rugbynansa
rugbyinaan rugbyinansa
translative
rugbykseen rugbyksensa
rugbyikseen rugbyiksensa
abessive
rugbyttaan rugbyttansa
rugbyittaan rugbyittansa
instructive
comitative
—rugbyineen rugbyinensa :
Possessive forms of rugby (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbyni
rugbyni
accusative
nom.
rugbyni
rugbyni
gen.
rugbyni
genitive
rugbyni
rugbyjeni
partitive
rugbyäni
rugbyjäni
inessive
rugbyssäni
rugbyissäni
elative
rugbystäni
rugbyistäni
illative
rugbyyni
rugbyihini
adessive
rugbylläni
rugbyilläni
ablative
rugbyltäni
rugbyiltäni
allative
rugbylleni
rugbyilleni
essive
rugbynäni
rugbyinäni
translative
rugbykseni
rugbyikseni
abessive
rugbyttäni
rugbyittäni
instructive
comitative
—rugbyineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbysi
rugbysi
accusative
nom.
rugbysi
rugbysi
gen.
rugbysi
genitive
rugbysi
rugbyjesi
partitive
rugbyäsi
rugbyjäsi
inessive
rugbyssäsi
rugbyissäsi
elative
rugbystäsi
rugbyistäsi
illative
rugbyysi
rugbyihisi
adessive
rugbylläsi
rugbyilläsi
ablative
rugbyltäsi
rugbyiltäsi
allative
rugbyllesi
rugbyillesi
essive
rugbynäsi
rugbyinäsi
translative
rugbyksesi
rugbyiksesi
abessive
rugbyttäsi
rugbyittäsi
instructive
comitative
—rugbyinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbymme
rugbymme
accusative
nom.
rugbymme
rugbymme
gen.
rugbymme
genitive
rugbymme
rugbyjemme
partitive
rugbyämme
rugbyjämme
inessive
rugbyssämme
rugbyissämme
elative
rugbystämme
rugbyistämme
illative
rugbyymme
rugbyihimme
adessive
rugbyllämme
rugbyillämme
ablative
rugbyltämme
rugbyiltämme
allative
rugbyllemme
rugbyillemme
essive
rugbynämme
rugbyinämme
translative
rugbyksemme
rugbyiksemme
abessive
rugbyttämme
rugbyittämme
instructive
comitative
—rugbyinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbynne
rugbynne
accusative
nom.
rugbynne
rugbynne
gen.
rugbynne
genitive
rugbynne
rugbyjenne
partitive
rugbyänne
rugbyjänne
inessive
rugbyssänne
rugbyissänne
elative
rugbystänne
rugbyistänne
illative
rugbyynne
rugbyihinne
adessive
rugbyllänne
rugbyillänne
ablative
rugbyltänne
rugbyiltänne
allative
rugbyllenne
rugbyillenne
essive
rugbynänne
rugbyinänne
translative
rugbyksenne
rugbyiksenne
abessive
rugbyttänne
rugbyittänne
instructive
comitative
—rugbyinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
rugbynsä
rugbynsä
accusative
nom.
rugbynsä
rugbynsä
gen.
rugbynsä
genitive
rugbynsä
rugbyjensä
partitive
rugbyään rugbyänsä
rugbyjään rugbyjänsä
inessive
rugbyssään rugbyssänsä
rugbyissään rugbyissänsä
elative
rugbystään rugbystänsä
rugbyistään rugbyistänsä
illative
rugbyynsä
rugbyihinsä
adessive
rugbyllään rugbyllänsä
rugbyillään rugbyillänsä
ablative
rugbyltään rugbyltänsä
rugbyiltään rugbyiltänsä
allative
rugbylleen rugbyllensä
rugbyilleen rugbyillensä
essive
rugbynään rugbynänsä
rugbyinään rugbyinänsä
translative
rugbykseen rugbyksensä
rugbyikseen rugbyiksensä
abessive
rugbyttään rugbyttänsä
rugbyittään rugbyittänsä
instructive
comitative
—rugbyineen rugbyinensä :

#### Derived terms

* pyörätuolirugby
* rugbyjoukkue
* rugbyottelu

### Further reading

* “rugby”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

## French
### Etymology

English rugby.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁyɡ.bi/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

rugby m (uncountable)
* rugby (sport)

#### Derived terms

* rugby à sept
* rugby à quinze
* rugby à treize
* rugbyman
* rugbywoman

#### Descendants

* → Russian: ре́гби (régbi) (see there for further descendants)

### Further reading

* “rugby”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English rugby. For the /ɛ/ compare club.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɛɡ.bi/, /ˈraɡ.bi/
* Rhymes: -ɛɡbi, -aɡbi

### Noun

rugby m (invariable)
* rugby (form of football)

### References

* ↑ rugby in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

### Further reading

* rugby in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Polish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English rugby.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈraɡ.bɘ/, /ˈruɡ.bɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɡbɘ, -uɡbɘ
* Syllabification: rug‧by

### Noun

rugby n (indeclinable)
* (sports) rugby (sport where players can hold or kick an ovoid ball)

#### Derived terms

* rugbista
* rugbysta

### Further reading

* rugby in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* rugby in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English rugby.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁɐɡ.bi/ [ˈhɐɡ.bi], /ˈʁɐ.ɡi.bi/ [ˈhɐ.ɡi.bi]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁɐɡ.bi/ [ˈhɐɡ.bi], /ˈʁɐ.ɡi.bi/ [ˈhɐ.ɡi.bi]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈʁɐɡ.bi/ [ˈχɐɡ.bi], /ˈʁɐ.ɡi.bi/ [ˈχɐ.ɡi.bi]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁɐɡ.bi/ [ˈhɐɡ.bi]

### Noun

rugby m (uncountable)
* (Brazil, proscribed) Alternative form of rúgbi

### Further reading

* “rugby”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* rugbi (rare)

### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English rugby.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈraɡbi/ [ˈraɣ̞.β̞i]
** Rhymes: -aɡbi
* IPA: /ˈruɡbi/ [ˈruɣ̞.β̞i]
** Rhymes: -uɡbi
* Syllabification: rug‧by

### Noun

rugby m (plural rugbys)
* rugby

#### Usage notes

According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

### Further reading

* “rugby”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10