OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# khét
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “In the transcription system used by Ferlus, the Mày form would be kəhɛːt³ and the Proto-Vietic form would be *k-hɛːt.”
Cognate with Chut [Mày] kahɛt³ (Babaev & Samarina, 2018).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [xɛt̚˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [kʰɛt̚˦˧˥] ~ [xɛt̚˦˧˥]
* (Saigon) IPA: [kʰɛk̚˦˥] ~ [xɛk̚˦˥]

### Adjective

khét • (𤋸, 𤏦)
* having a burning smell
* (colloquial) cool; awesome
    Synonym: chất
    Trông khét đấy![You] look great!

### See also

* khét lẹt
* khét tiếng
* khê
# քաղաքացիական
## Armenian
### Etymology

քաղաքացի (kʻaġakʻacʻi) +‎ -ական (-akan)

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kʰɑʁɑkʰɑt͡sʰiɑˈkɑn/, [kʰɑʁɑkʰɑt͡sʰi(j)ɑkɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kɑʁɑkɑt͡siɑˈɡɑn/, [kʰɑʁɑkʰɑt͡sʰi(j)ɑɡɑ́n]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Adjective

քաղաքացիական • (kʻaġakʻacʻiakan)
* civil, civic, civilian
    քաղաքացիական պատերազմ ― kʻaġakʻacʻiakan paterazm ― civil war
# vidurys
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From vidùs (“inside”) +‎ -urys (“nominal suffix”).

### Pronunciation

IPA: /vʲɪdʊˈɾʲiːs/

### Noun

vidurỹs m (plural viduriaĩ) stress pattern 3b
* middle, midst
* (anatomy, in the plural) intestine

#### Derived terms

* viduriùkas
* vidurỹ (“in the middle of”, preposition)
* vidurìnis

#### Related terms

* pusiáujas
* (plural) vėdaraĩ

### References

* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “vidurỹs”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 747
# savarna
## English
### Etymology

From Hindi सवर्ण (savarṇ), derived from Sanskrit सवर्ण (savarṇa, “same colour, same caste”).

### Noun

savarna (plural savarnas)
* (India, Hinduism) A member of the Savarna gotra (lineage) of the Brahmin caste.

### Adjective

savarna (not comparable)
* (India, Hinduism) From the four varnas (social castes) in Hinduism.

#### Antonyms

* avarna (outside the Indian caste system)
* Dalit (poorer castes)

### Usage notes

The term "savarna" is used by Dalit activists towards Indians from the four social castes, especially members of privileged and upper castes.
# deóntico
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /deˈontiko/ [d̪eˈõn̪.t̪i.ko]
* Rhymes: -ontiko
* Syllabification: de‧ón‧ti‧co

### Adjective

deóntico (feminine deóntica, masculine plural deónticos, feminine plural deónticas)
* deontic

### Further reading

* “deóntico”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# algae
## English
### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈæl.d͡ʒi/, /ˈæl.ɡi/
* (UK) IPA: /ˈæl.ɡiː/, /ˈæl.dʒiː/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

algae
* plural of alga

### Noun

algae (usually uncountable, plural algae or algaes)
* Algal organisms viewed collectively or as a mass; algal growth.
** 1993, Integrated Pest Management for Rice, 2nd Ed., page 54:Algae grows best in shallow water, 3 inches (7.5 cm) deep or less, especially where poor seedbed preparation has created low areas with poor surface drainage, and in fields with inadequate decomposition of organic matter.
** 2014, Terry Wahls, Eve Adamson, The Wahls Protocol: How I Beat Progressive MS Using Paleo Principles and Functional Medicine, page 280:Unlike seaweed, which grows in salt water, algae grows in freshwater ponds (chlorella or spirulina) or wild in the Pacific Northwest (Klamath blue green).
* (countable) A particular kind of alga.
** 1984, Deborah A. Coulombe, The Seaside Naturalist: A Guide to Study at the Seashore, page 33:This hollow, lumpy, yellow-brown algae grows epiphytically in sac-like clumps on large seaweeds and on rocks.
** 1997, Amadeo M. Rea, At the Desert's Green Edge: An Ethnobotany of the Gila River Pima, page 98:This algae grows relatively quickly, even in temporary ponds and water holes in the desert, so it remained widely known.
** 2006, Andi Brown, The Whole Pet Diet: Eight Weeks to Great Health for Dogs and Cats, page 144:Although often lumped together, spirulina is a blue-green algae whereas chlorella is a green algae.

#### Usage notes

* Etymologically, algae is the plural of alga, but algae is sometimes used as an uncountable noun with singular verb agreement (similar to the usage of the word seaweed), or as a count noun to refer to a type of algae. The plural form algaes may be considered nonstandard.

#### Derived terms

* algaecidal
* algal
* algicide
* algivore
* antialgae
* oilgae

### References

* ↑ "algae." COBUILD Advanced English Dictionary. HarperCollins Publishers

### Anagrams

* Galea, galea

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈal.ɡae̯/, [ˈäɫ̪ɡäe̯]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈal.d͡ʒe/, [ˈäl̠ʲd͡ʒe]

### Noun

algae
* inflection of alga:
** nominative/vocative plural
** genitive/dative singular
# zaniecnotowany
## Polish
### Etymology

From za- +‎ nie- +‎ cnota + -ować<alt:-owany.

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [za.ɲɛt͡s.nɔ.tɔˈva.nɘ]

### Adjective

zaniecnotowany
* (Przemyśl) Synonym of powalany
    Że dziecko było bardzo zaniecnotowane. ― The child was very dirtied.

### Further reading

* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “zaniecnotowany”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 343
# củi
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *guːs ~ *kuːs (“fire; firewood”), from Proto-Austroasiatic *ʔuːɕ (“firewood”). Cognate with Muong cúi (“fire, firewood”), Pacoh uih, Khmer អុស (ʼoh)​.
This is one of three known cases of velar initial in Vietnamese corresponding to zero-initial in other Austroasiatic branches. The other two cases are cứt (“shit”) and the dialectal cảy (“swollen”).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [kuj˧˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [kuj˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [kuj˨˩˦]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Noun

(classifier cây, khúc, thanh, que) củi • (檜, 桧)
* firewood

#### See also

* củi lửa
# svarba
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

A derivative of svar-, the o-grade of sver̃ti (“to weigh”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

svarbà f (plural svar̃bos) stress pattern 4
* importance

#### Derived terms

* svarbùs (“important”)

### References

* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “sver̃ti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 619
# pseudolaw
## English
### Etymology

From pseudo- +‎ law.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

pseudolaw (uncountable)
* Supposed law or legal doctrine that is actually false.
# toimside
## Old Irish
### Etymology

From tomus +‎ -de.

### Adjective

toimside
* (fully) measured

#### Inflection

io/iā-stem :
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | toimside | toimside | toimside |
| Vocative | toimsidi | toimside | toimside |
| Accusative | toimside | toimsidi | toimside |
| Genitive | toimsidi | toimside | toimsidi |
| Dative | toimsidiu | toimsidi | toimsidiu |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | Feminine/neuter |
| Nominative | toimsidi | toimsidi | toimsidi |
| Vocative | toimsidi toimsidiu* | toimsidi | toimsidi |
| Accusative | toimsidi toimsidiu* | toimsidi | toimsidi |
| Genitive | toimside | toimside | toimside |
| Dative | toimsidib | toimsidib | toimsidib |
| Notes | * when substantivized | * when substantivized | * when substantivized |

#### Derived terms

* toimsidetu

### References

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “toimside”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
# gota china
## Spanish
### Noun

gota china f (uncountable)
* Chinese water torture

### Further reading

* “gota china”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# impluvium
## English
### Etymology

Latin impluvium, from impluit (“rains upon”)

### Noun

impluvium (plural impluviums or impluvia)
* (architecture) A low basin in the center of a household atrium, into which rainwater flowed down from the roof through the compluvium.

#### Translations
### References

Soprintendenza archeologica di Pompei

## French
### Noun

impluvium m (plural impluviums)
* impluvium

### Further reading

* “impluvium”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Latin
### Etymology

From impluit (“it rains upon”) +‎ -ium, from in + pluit (“it rains”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /imˈplu.u̯i.um/, [ɪmˈpɫ̪uː̯iʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /imˈplu.vi.um/, [imˈpluːvium]

### Noun

impluvium n (genitive impluviī or impluvī); second declension
* a rectangular courtyard basin or pool into which rain water is collected by a compluvium above it.

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Derived terms

* impluviātus

#### Related terms

* compluvium
* impluit

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: impluvi
* → English: impluvium
* → French: impluvium
* → Italian: impluvio

### References

* “impluvium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “impluvium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* impluvium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* impluvium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “impluvium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “impluvium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
# Ausfall
## German
### Etymology

aus- +‎ Fall

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Aus‧fall
* IPA: /ˈaʊ̯sfal/, [ˈʔaʊ̯sfal]

### Noun

Ausfall m (strong, genitive Ausfalls or (less common) Ausfalles, plural Ausfälle)
* failure, loss, breakdown
* outage
* deficiency
* (military) sortie
* (chiefly in the plural) abuse, attack, invective

#### Declension

$^1$Less common. $^2$Now rare, see notes.

#### Hyponyms

* Haarausfall (“hair loss”)
* Stromausfall (“power outage, powercut”)

#### Related terms

* Ausfallstraße, Ausfallserscheinung
* ausfallen

### Further reading

* “Ausfall” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Ausfall” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Ausfall” in Duden online
* Ausfall on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$
# Դիարբեքիր
## Armenian
### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /diɑɾbeˈkʰiɾ/, [di(j)ɑɾbekʰíɾ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /tiɑɾpeˈkiɾ/, [tʰi(j)ɑɾpʰekʰíɾ]

### Proper noun

Դիարբեքիր • (Diarbekʻir)
* Diyarbakır
    Synonym: Տիգրանակերտ (Tigranakert)
# stengti
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sténgtei, from Proto-Indo-European *stengʷ-ye-ti, from *stengʷ- (“to push, thrust”), whence Latin stinguō (“to put out”) and English stink.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Verb

sténgti (third-person present tense sténgia, third-person past tense sténgė)
* to be able, make an effort
* to oppose

#### Derived terms

* sténgtis (“to endeavor, strive”)

#### Related terms

* stìngti (“to harden, stiffen”)

### References

* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “sténgtis”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 601
* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “stengti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 427-8
# Bixiga
## Portuguese
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /biˈʃi.ɡɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /biˈʃi.ɡɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /biˈʃi.ɡa/
* (Portugal) IPA: /biˈʃi.ɡɐ/ [biˈʃi.ɣɐ]

### Proper noun

Bixiga m
* A neighborhood of Bela Vista district, São Paulo, Brazil

### Further reading

* Bixiga on the Portuguese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{pt}$
# ꦗꦼꦩꦸꦮꦃ
## Javanese
### Etymology

From Arabic اَلْجُمْعَةُ (al-jumʕatu).

### Proper noun

ꦗꦼꦩꦸꦮꦃ (jemuwah)
* Friday (day of the week)
# recapitalizar
## Spanish
### Etymology

From re- +‎ capitalizar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /rekapitaliˈθaɾ/ [re.ka.pi.t̪a.liˈθaɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /rekapitaliˈsaɾ/ [re.ka.pi.t̪a.liˈsaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: re‧ca‧pi‧ta‧li‧zar

### Verb

recapitalizar (first-person singular present recapitalizo, first-person singular preterite recapitalicé, past participle recapitalizado)
* (transitive, finance) to recapitalize
** 2015 July 13, “Merkel y Hollande logran que Tsipras acepte un pacto más duro”, in El País‎:El jefe del Eurogrupo, Jeroen Dijsselbloem, ha explicado que Grecia aprobará leyes en las próximas 48 horas, endurecerá sus propuestas en pensiones, mercado laboral y otros asuntos, y finalmente acepta un fondo de privatizaciones, que permitirá recapitalizar los bancos y pagar la deuda.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* recapitalización (noun)

### Further reading

* “recapitalizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# атомная бомба
## Russian
### Etymology

Calque of English atomic bomb.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈatəmnəjə ˈbombə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

а́томная бо́мба • (átomnaja bómba) f inan (genitive а́томной бо́мбы, nominative plural а́томные бо́мбы, genitive plural а́томных бо́мб)
* atom bomb, atomic bomb

#### References

* Naumova, I.A., Zimin, V.I., Makienko, V.M. (2012) “ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ КАЛЬКИ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ РУССКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ (на материале публицистики)”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎, Kharkiv National University of Urban Economy
* Хиросима и Нагасаки: начало ядерного века – BBC (6 August 2015)
* Что такое водородная бомба – Nezavismaya Gazeta (12 August 2003)
# Lachanfall
## German
### Etymology

From lachen +‎ Anfall.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlaxʔanˌfal/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Lach‧an‧fall

### Noun

Lachanfall m (strong, genitive Lachanfalles or Lachanfalls, plural Lachanfälle)
* (slang) conniption; the giggles
    Synonym: Lachflash

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

### Further reading

* “Lachanfall” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Lachanfall” in Duden online
* “Lachanfall” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
# khái
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “In many Vietic and Austroasiatic languages (such as Khmer), velar stop is often non-phonemically aspirated before sonorants (cf. Kha Phong kʰalaː¹ ("noon") < *k-laː), so the Proto-Vietic form can be obtained after simple metathesis: pre-Proto-Vietic *k-laːʔ [kʰ(ə)laːʔ] > Proto-Vietic *k-haːlʔ. Compare also the proto-forms of gió and khói, which might be related to each other through the same exact pattern of metathesis.”
From Proto-Vietic *k-haːlʔ / *kʰaːlʔ, from Proto-Austroasiatic *kla(ː)ʔ. Cognate with Khmer ខ្លា (khlaa), Bahnar kla, Khasi khla, Mon ကၠ. Doublet of hổ.
Compare also Khmer ខាល (khaal, “Year of the Tiger”), loaned from an unidentified Vietic source.

### Pronunciation

* (Vinh) IPA: [kʰaːj˩]
* (Hà Nội) IPA: [xaːj˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [kʰaːj˨˩˦] ~ [xaːj˨˩˦]
* (Saigon) IPA: [kʰaːj˦˥] ~ [xaːj˦˥]

### Noun

(classifier con) khái • (𤠲, 𤡚)
* (North Central Vietnam) tiger (The mammal Panthera tigris)
    Synonyms: hổ, cọp, hùm, kễnh, ông ba mươi
# krauti
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krauˀ-, from Proto-Indo-European *krewH- (“to pile, cover”). Cognate with Latvian kŗaut (“to heap, pile”), Proto-Slavic *krỳti (“to cover”); outside of Balto-Slavic, compare also Proto-Germanic *hreudaną (“to cover”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Verb

kráuti (third-person present tense kráuna, third-person past tense króvė)
* to heap; to pile

#### Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* krūtìs (“breast”)

### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “krauti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 256
# Nuray
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish نورای (Nuray).

### Proper noun

Nuray
* a female given name
* a male given name
# ջանասեր
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian ջանասէր (ǰanasēr).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /d͡ʒɑnɑˈseɾ/, [d͡ʒɑnɑséɾ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /t͡ʃɑnɑˈseɾ/, [t͡ʃʰɑnɑséɾ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)
* Hyphenation: ջա‧նա‧սեր

### Adjective

ջանասեր • (ǰanaser) (traditional orthography spelling ջանասէր, superlative ամենաջանասեր)
* industrious, hard-working, laborious
# яне
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjænʲe]

### Noun

я́не • (jáne) f inan or n inan
* prepositional singular of ян (jan)

## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjane]

### Noun

я́не • (jáne) m inan or n inan
* vocative singular of ян (jan)
# Hustenanfalles
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhuːstn̩ˌʔanfaləs]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Hus‧ten‧an‧fal‧les

### Noun

Hustenanfalles
* genitive singular of Hustenanfall
# navaratna
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नवरत्न (navaratna) meaning "nine gems".

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /nɑvɑɹɑtnɑ/

### Noun

navaratna (countable and uncountable, plural navaratnas)
* (India) ruby, emerald, pearl, yellow sapphire, coral, cat's eye, hessonite, blue sapphire and diamond
** 1998, Tom Flynn, Colonisation and the Object-Empire, Material culture and the Museum:Other items in the collection include a navaratna (nine gem) pendant or a celestial talisman from Rajasthan. The nine gems when arranged in a certain order are meant to represent the nine planets. Navaratna is popular throughout India, in the form of pendants, rings and other suites.
* (India) Nine extraordinary people in an emperor's court.
** 2016, Amita Sen, Akbar and Birbal-Tales of Wit and Wisdom:In later times, some of these men came to be known as Akbar's 'nine gems' or navaratna. One of the most renowned of these navaratnas was a Hindu courtier named Birbal.
# boat-raced
## English
### Verb

boat-raced
* simple past and past participle of boat-race
# εὐθενέω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From εὐ- (eu-, “good, well”) + a root *θεν (*then) + -έω (-éō, “verbal suffix”). The root *θεν (*then) is of disputed origin:
* If the original vowel was -ε-:
** Possibly from an unattested noun *θένος (*thénos), with a morphological chronology of *θένος (*thénos) > εὐθενής (euthenḗs, “enjoying, strong”) > εὐθενεια (eutheneia, “fullness”) > εὐθενέω (euthenéō), with the noun stemming from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to flourish, be full, swell, abound”). The derivative adjective εὐθενής (euthenḗs) is compared in particular with Sanskrit आहनस् (āhanas, “thriving full”); other cognates include Sanskrit घन (ghana, “compact, solid”), Persian آگنج (âganj, “full, complete”), Persian آکندن (âgandan, “to fill up”), Old Church Slavonic гонѣти (goněti, “to suffice”), Lithuanian ganà (“enough”), Albanian zanë (“solid, thick”), as well as perhaps Old Armenian յոգն (yogn, “plenty”), Proto-West Germanic *gant (“whole, complete”). However, Beekes is skeptical, due to εὐθενής (euthenḗs) being attested rarely and late in the record, despite it preceding the earlier-attested εὐθενέω (euthenéō) in morphology.
* If the original vowel was -η- (< Proto-Indo-European *-eh₁-):
** Perhaps related to σθένος (sthénos, “strength, might”).
** From Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to suckle”); a hypothetical unattested noun under this theory, *θη̃νός (*thē̃nós), has been compared with Latin fēnus (“financial interest”). Beekes seems to favor this theory.
** Bailly connects the word with Sanskrit धन (dhana, “prize, wealth”), which is thought to derive from Proto-Indo-European *dʰenh₂- (“to set in motion, flow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eu̯.tʰe.né.ɔː/ → /eɸ.θeˈne.o/ → /ef.θeˈne.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /eu̯.tʰe.né.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ew.tʰeˈne.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /eɸ.θeˈne.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ef.θeˈne.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ef.θeˈne.o/

### Verb

εὐθενέω • (euthenéō)
* to thrive, flourish

#### Derived terms

* εὐθένεια (euthéneia, “state of prosperity, fullness, supply”)
* εὐθηνέω (euthēnéō, “to thrive, flourish”)
* εὐθηνιάρχης (euthēniárkhēs, “commissioner of (corn) supplies”)
* εὐθηνός (euthēnós, “thriving”)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “εὐθενέω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 478-9
* ↑ εὐθενέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

### Further reading

* “εὐθενέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “εὐθενέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “εὐθενέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* (no entry for the specified headword) Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “εὐθενέω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
# 額駙
## Chinese

* 額駙

### Etymology

Phono-semantic matching of Manchu ᡝᡶ᠋ᡠ (efu).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): éfù
    (Zhuyin): ㄜˊ ㄈㄨˋ
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): hiah$^8$ hu$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: éfù
*** Zhuyin: ㄜˊ ㄈㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: éfù
*** Wade–Giles: o$^2$-fu$^4$
*** Yale: é-fù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: erfuh
*** Palladius: эфу (efu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤ³⁵ fu⁵¹/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hiah$^8$ hu$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hia̍h hŭ
*** Sinological IPA : /hiaʔ⁴⁻² hu³⁵/

### Noun

額駙
* (historical) husband of princess (of the Qing dynasty)

#### Synonyms

* 駙馬／驸马 (fùmǎ)
# seann-phàrant
## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From seann- (“old”) +‎ pàrant (“parent”).

### Noun

seann-phàrant m (genitive singular seann-phàrant, plural seann-phàrantan)
* grandparent

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# paszczysko
## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “paszcza + -ysko?”)

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /paʂˈt͡ʂɘs.kɔ/

### Noun

paszczysko n
* (Kielce) mudhole (place in a forest covered with mud)

### Further reading

* Władysław Siarkowski (1891) “paszczyska”, in “Słowniczek gwary ludowej z okolic Pińczowa”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 4, page 338
# Hustenanfalls
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhuːstn̩ˌʔanfals]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Hus‧ten‧an‧falls

### Noun

Hustenanfalls
* genitive singular of Hustenanfall
# hand-signaling
## English
### Verb

hand-signaling
* present participle and gerund of hand-signal