# ὕμνος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Of uncertain origin. One theory derives the word from a Proto-Indo-European *sh₂em- (“to sing”) (which has itself been suggested as related to *sh₂ey- (“to bind, fetter”), as a "bond of sound"), comparing Hittite [script needed] (išḫamai, “he sings”), Sanskrit सामन् (sā́man, “song”), Sanskrit सुम्न (sumná, “hymn”). Other conjectures include a derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *syuH-mn-o-s, interpreted as a "construction of songs", from *syewh₁- (“to sew”), or a relation to the same root as ῠ̔μήν (hŭmḗn, “membrane; wedding-cry”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hým.nos/ → /ˈym.nos/ → /ˈim.nos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hým.nos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈ(h)ym.nos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈym.nos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈym.nos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈim.nos/

### Noun

ῠ̔́μνος • (hŭ́mnos) m (genitive ῠ̔́μνου); second declension
* song, hymn, ode (generally in praise of the gods or heroes)

#### Derived terms

* εὔυμνος (eúumnos)
* Πολύμνια (Polúmnia)
* πολύυμνος (polúumnos)
* ὑμναγόρης (humnagórēs)
* ὑμναγωγός (humnagōgós)
* ὑμνάοιδος (humnáoidos)
* ὑμνάριον (humnárion)
* ὑμνέω (humnéō)
* ὑμνηπολέω (humnēpoléō)
* ὕμνησις (húmnēsis)
* ὑμνήστρια (humnḗstria)
* ὑμνητέον (humnētéon)
* ὑμνητήρ (humnētḗr)
* ὑμνητής (humnētḗs)
* ὑμνητικός (humnētikós)
* ὑμνητός (humnētós)
* ὑμνήτρια (humnḗtria)
* ὑμνητρίς (humnētrís)
* ὑμνικός (humnikós)
* ὑμνίωμες (humníōmes)
* ὑμνοάνασσα (humnoánassa)
* ὑμνοβρυής (humnobruḗs)
* ὑμνογράφος (humnográphos)
* ὑμνοδιδάσκαλος (humnodidáskalos)
* ὑμνοθέτης (humnothétēs)
* ὑμνολογέω (humnologéō)
* ὑμνολόγια (humnológia)
* ὑμνολογία (humnología)
* ὑμνολογίζω (humnologízō)
* ὑμνολόγος (humnológos)
* ὑμνοποιός (humnopoiós)
* ὑμνοπολεύω (humnopoleúō)
* ὑμνοπόλος (humnopólos)
* ὑμνοτήιαι (humnotḗiai)
* ὑμνοτόκος (humnotókos)
* ὑμνόφιλος (humnóphilos)
* ὑμνῳδάρχης (humnōidárkhēs)
* ὑμνῳδεῖον (humnōideîon)
* ὑμνῳδέω (humnōidéō)
* ὑμνώδης (humnṓdēs)
* ὑμνῳδία (humnōidía)
* ὑμνῳδός (humnōidós)
* φίλυμνος (phílumnos)

#### Descendants

* Greek: ύμνος m (ýmnos)
* → Georgian: ჰიმნი (himni)
* → Latin: hymnus m
** Friulian: imni m
** Old French: ymne m or f
*** Middle French: hymne, hynne
**** French: hymne m or f
***** → Romanian: imn n
** Old Galician-Portuguese: yno
*** Galician: himno m
*** Portuguese: hino m
** → Spanish: himno
** → Czech: hymnus
** → Hungarian: hymnus
** → Italian: inno
** → Old English: ymen
*** Middle English: ymne, ympne, impne, ymyn
**** English: hymn
**** Scots: hime
*** Middle Welsh: emynn
**** Welsh: emyn
* → Polish: hymn m inan
** →? Belarusian: гімн m inan (himn)
** → Russian: гимн m inan (gimn) (likely)
*** → Armenian: հիմն (himn)
*** → Bashkir: гимн (gimn)
*** → Crimean Tatar: gimn
*** → Georgian: ჰიმნი (himni), გიმნი (gimni) — informal, proscribed
*** → Kazakh: gïmn
*** → Kildin Sami: гӣммн (gīmmn)
*** → Urum: гимн
*** → Uzbek: gimn
** →? Ukrainian: гімн m inan (himn)

### See also

* Appendix:Transliterations of Hymns by Plethon

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὕμνος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1531-2

### Further reading

* “ὕμνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὕμνος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ὕμνος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ὕμνος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* ὕμνος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “ὕμνος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G5215 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. anthem idem, page 32.chant idem, page 124.hymn idem, page 412.ode idem, page 569.song idem, page 793.
* “ὕμνος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011