# 求

| 求 | U+6C42, &#27714; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C42 |
| ← 汁 [U+6C41] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 汃 → [U+6C43] |

## Translingual
### Han character

求 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+2, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈十水 (IJE), four-corner 4313$_2$, composition ⿺⿻一氺丶)

#### Descendants

* 𫡨 𰁇 俅 𠗈 𡌋 㛏 㞗 㟈 㤹 捄 浗 𤞰 逑 梂 殏 𬊋 𤕾 𤗂 𤙠 球 毬 脙 𥆿 𥒸 𥙹 𥟇 𥪆 𫃁 絿 蛷 觩 𧧷 賕(赇) 𧻱 䟵 𫵣 銶(𨱇) 𩗕 𮩢 𮪅 𩰻 𩳞 鯄(𩾁) 𪌵
* 㐜 𠡟 𠂃 䣇 𫻲 救 𣪋 𣭳 皳 𬇶 𭱉 𩒮 𩣗 𪁖(𪉌) 𨘑 𡌊 𪪵 𢚡 𤈿 𤥲 盚 𧋛 裘 𨁛 𩛰 𧒔 𡨃 莍 𥥽 𥭑 𢈝 𤶩 𧗷 𧚍 䥭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 604, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17105
* Dae Jaweon: page 998, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1547, character 8
* Unihan data for U+6C42

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 求 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 救 | *kus |
| 求 | *ɡu |
| 球 | *ɡu |
| 逑 | *ɡu |
| 賕 | *ɡu |
| 蛷 | *ɡu |
| 莍 | *ɡu |
| 殏 | *ɡu |
| 梂 | *ɡu |
| 俅 | *ɡu |
| 脙 | *ɡu, *qʰu |
| 絿 | *ɡu |
| 銶 | *ɡu |
| 毬 | *ɡu |
| 捄 | *ɡu, *ko |
| 觩 | *ɡu |
Pictogram (象形) of a centipede. Original form of 蛷 (OC *ɡu).

### Etymology

Likely cognate with 救 (OC *kus, “to save, help”), Burmese ကူ (ku, “to help”) (STEDT).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): qiú (qiu$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄡˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qiu$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): qiú
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kau$^4$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): kaau$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): kiu$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): qiu$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): khiù
    (Hailu, HRS): kiu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): kiu$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): qiou$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): giǔ
* Eastern Min (BUC): giù
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): giu$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kiû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kiu$^5$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): kiu$^5$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): gau$^4$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^6$jieu / $^2$jieu / $^2$jiu / $^2$jiou
** (Jinhua): $^2$jieu
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qiou$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiú
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cióu
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiu$^2$
*** Yale: chyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyou
*** Palladius: цю (cju)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: qiu$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kiu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiəu²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: qiú
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiɤu²⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kau$^4$
*** Yale: kàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: keo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐu̯²¹/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: kaau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰau²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: kiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiu²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: qiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiu²⁴/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiù
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯u¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: kiu
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiu⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: kiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiu¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: qiou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiəu¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: giǔ
*** Sinological IPA : /kiu²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: giù
*** Sinological IPA : /kieu⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: giu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kiu¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiû
*** Tâi-lô: kiû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiuu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiu²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiu¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiu²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kiu$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khiû
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiu⁵⁵/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: kiu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰiu²²/
* Southern Pinghua
** (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
*** Jyutping++: gau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kəu²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$jieu
*** MiniDict: jieu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$jjieu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑiɤ²³/
** (Northern: Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
*** Wugniu: $^2$jieu
*** MiniDict: jieu$^平$
*** MiniDict: jiu$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ɟiɯ³¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Chongming): /d͡ʑiɵ²⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /d͡ʑʏ²²³/
*** Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /d͡ʑiəu³¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /d͡ʑiø²³/
*** Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /d͡ʑiɤ²³¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /d͡ʑiʏ³¹³/
*** Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /d͡ʑiu²²/
** (Northern: Jiading)
*** Wugniu: $^2$jiu
*** MiniDict: jiu$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Jiading): /d͡ʑy³¹/
** (Northern: Changzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^2$jiou
*** MiniDict: jiou$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /d͡ʑiɤɯ¹³/
** (Jinhua)
*** Wugniu: $^2$jieu
*** Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /d͡ʑiu³¹³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: qiou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯əu̯¹³/
* Middle Chinese: gjuw
Rime :
| Character | 求 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 巨鳩切 |
| Baxter | gjuw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡiu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /guw/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiu/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭəu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ](r)u/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡu/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 求 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qiú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjuw › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ](r)u/ |
| English | seek |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 求 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10560 |
| Phonetic component | 求 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𧚍 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡu/ |
| Notes | 說文作裘古文， 甲文爲蛷初文與裘大異 |

### Definitions

求
* to seek; to look for
       qiú “Yuèliàng Dàibiǎo Wǒ de Xīn” de gēcí [Pinyin]
       looking for the lyrics to "The Moon Represents My Heart"
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Yīng qí míng yǐ, qiú qí yǒu shēng. [Pinyin]
    While ying goes its cry, seeking with its voice its companion.
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Yǐ ruò suǒ wéi qiú ruò suǒ yù, yóu yuán mù ér qiú yú yě. [Pinyin]
    But doing what you do to seek for what you desire is like climbing a tree to seek for fish.
* to beg; to request; to implore
    求他別走／求他别走 ― qiú tā bié zǒu ― begged for him to not leave
* to request; to ask for
* to require; to demand
* to covet; to seek (fame, riches)
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Bù zhì bù qiú, hé yòng bùzāng. [Pinyin]
    He hates none; he covets nothing; -What does he which is not good?
* to attract
* a surname

#### Synonyms

* (to seek):
* 參訪 / 参访 (cānfǎng) (literary)
* 尋摸 / 寻摸 (xúnmō) (literary or colloquial)
* 尋求 / 寻求 (xúnqiú)
* 探求 (tànqiú)
* 搜 (sōu)
* 求思 (qiúsī) (literary)
* 熱衷 / 热衷 (rèzhōng)
* 牟取 (móuqǔ) (usually illegally)
* 獵取 / 猎取 (lièqǔ)
* 考究
* 覓 / 觅 (mì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 訪查 / 访查 (fǎngchá) (literary)
* 謀取 / 谋取 (móuqǔ)
* 謀求 / 谋求 (móuqiú)
* 講求 / 讲求 (jiǎngqiú)
* 講究 / 讲究 (jiǎngjiu)
* 追求 (zhuīqiú)
* 追逐 (zhuīzhú)
* (to beg):
* 乞丐 (qǐgài) (archaic)
* 乞憐 / 乞怜 (qǐlián) (to beg for pity)
* 乞求 (qǐqiú)
* 哀告 (āigào)
* 哀求 (āiqiú)
* 央告 (yānggào)
* 央求 (yāngqiú)
* 憑 / 凭 (píng) (literary)
* 懇求 / 恳求 (kěnqiú)
* 懇請 / 恳请 (kěnqǐng)
* 沽情 (Hokkien)
* 煩請 / 烦请 (fánqǐng) (honorific, polite)
* 祈求 (qíqiú) (to pray for)
* 祈祝 (qízhù) (literary)
* 祝禱 / 祝祷 (zhùdǎo) (literary)
* 要求 (yāoqiú)
* 請 / 请
* 請求 / 请求 (qǐngqiú)

### Compounds

* 一無所求 / 一无所求
* 一票難求 / 一票难求
* 上求下告
* 不厭求詳 / 不厌求详
* 不忮不求
* 不求上進 / 不求上进
* 不求人 (bùqiúrén)
* 不求甚解 (bùqiúshènjiě)
* 不求聞達 / 不求闻达
* 不求自得
* 乞求 (qǐqiú)
* 乳藥求死 / 乳药求死
* 予取予求 (yúqǔyúqiú)
* 井中求火
* 以屈求伸
* 仰求
* 企求 (qǐqiú)
* 但求塞責 / 但求塞责
* 但求如願 / 但求如愿
* 供不應求 / 供不应求 (gōngbùyìngqiú)
* 供求 (gōngqiú)
* 供過於求 / 供过于求 (gōngguòyúqiú)
* 冀求
* 冉求
* 刑求 (xíngqiú)
* 刻舟求劍 / 刻舟求剑 (kèzhōuqiújiàn)
* 剖蚌求珠
* 力求 (lìqiú)
* 力求上進 / 力求上进
* 力求進步 / 力求进步
* 勇猛求進 / 勇猛求进
* 務求 / 务求 (wùqiú)
* 勵精求治 / 励精求治
* 厲精求治 / 厉精求治
* 反求諸己 / 反求诸己 (fǎnqiúzhūjǐ)
* 同惡相求 / 同恶相求
* 同氣相求 / 同气相求
* 同類相求 / 同类相求
* 吹毛求瑕
* 吹毛求疵 (chuīmáoqiúcī)
* 哀求 (āiqiú)
* 唯利是求
* 問舍求田 / 问舍求田
* 嚶鳴求友 / 嘤鸣求友
* 壓雪求油 / 压雪求油
* 夢寐以求 / 梦寐以求 (mèngmèiyǐqiú)
* 央求 (yāngqiú)
* 奉求
* 奢求 (shēqiú)
* 妄求 (wàngqiú)
* 委曲求全 (wěiqūqiúquán)
* 實事求是 / 实事求是 (shíshìqiúshì)
* 寤寐以求
* 將本求利 / 将本求利
* 尋求 / 寻求 (xúnqiú)
* 居無求安 / 居无求安
* 希求 (xīqiú)
* 干求
* 平畫求長 / 平画求长
* 強求 / 强求
* 徵求 / 征求 (zhēngqiú)
* 徵求啟事 / 征求启事
* 忍辱求全
* 忮求
* 懇求 / 恳求 (kěnqiú)
* 拜鬼求神
* 挾冰求溫 / 挟冰求温
* 掘室求鼠
* 捨實求虛 / 舍实求虚
* 推求 (tuīqiú)
* 探求 (tànqiú)
* 捨身求法 / 舍身求法
* 捨近求遠 / 舍近求远 (shějìnqiúyuǎn)
* 搜求
* 搖尾求食 / 摇尾求食
* 敲冰求火
* 敷求
* 斂怨求媚 / 敛怨求媚
* 旁求
* 旁求俊彥 / 旁求俊彦
* 有求必應 / 有求必应 (yǒuqiúbìyìng)
* 有求斯應 / 有求斯应
* 期求 (qīqiú)
* 未明求衣
* 死中求活
* 死中求生
* 死地求生
* 死求白賴 / 死求白赖
* 死裡求生 / 死里求生
* 殺妻求將 / 杀妻求将
* 毛里求斯 (Máolǐqiúsī)
* 求三拜四
* 求之不得
* 求乞 (qiúqǐ)
* 求事
* 求人 (qiúrén)
* 求仁得仁 (qiúréndérén)
* 求仕 (qiúshì)
* 求借
* 求假
* 求偶 (qiú'ǒu)
* 求備 / 求备
* 求償 / 求偿
* 求全 (qiúquán)
* 求全之毀 / 求全之毁
* 求全責備 / 求全责备
* 求其友聲 / 求其友声
* 求凰
* 求劍刻舟 / 求剑刻舟
* 求助 (qiúzhù)
* 求勝 / 求胜 (qiúshèng)
* 求取
* 求古錄 / 求古录
* 求名奪利 / 求名夺利
* 求同存異 / 求同存异 (qiútóngcúnyì)
* 求名求利
* 求名責實 / 求名责实
* 求告 (qiúgào)
* 求和 (qiúhé)
* 求售
* 求嗣
* 求好心切
* 求婚 (qiúhūn)
* 求子
* 求學 / 求学 (qiúxué)
* 求官 (qiúguān)
* 求容取媚
* 求宿
* 求情 (qiúqíng)
* 求愛 / 求爱 (qiú'ài)
* 求成
* 求戰 / 求战
* 求才
* 求才若渴
* 求援 (qiúyuán)
* 求救 (qiújiù)
* 求教 (qiújiào)
* 求新求變 / 求新求变
* 求新立異 / 求新立异
* 求歡 / 求欢 (qiúhuān)
* 求死不得
* 求漿得酒 / 求浆得酒
* 求牡
* 求生 (qiúshēng)
* 求生害義 / 求生害义
* 求田問舍 / 求田问舍
* 求益反損 / 求益反损
* 求知 (qiúzhī)
* 求知慾 / 求知欲 (qiúzhīyù)
* 求神問卜 / 求神问卜 (qiúshénwènbǔ)
* 求神拜佛 (qiúshénbàifó)
* 求神拜鬼
* 求福禳災 / 求福禳灾
* 求籤 / 求签 (qiúqiān)
* 求索 (qiúsuǒ)
* 求聘
* 求職 / 求职 (qiúzhí)
* 求見 / 求见 (qiújiàn)
* 求親 / 求亲
* 求親告友 / 求亲告友
* 求解 (qiújiě)
* 求診 / 求诊 (qiúzhěn)
* 求證 / 求证 (qiúzhèng)
* 求賢 / 求贤
* 求賢下士 / 求贤下士
* 求賢如渴 / 求贤如渴
* 求賢用士 / 求贤用士
* 求賢若渴 / 求贤若渴
* 求道
* 求過於供 / 求过于供
* 求道於盲 / 求道于盲
* 求醫 / 求医 (qiúyī)
* 求雨 (qiúyǔ)
* 求靠
* 求饒 / 求饶 (qiúráo)
* 求馬唐肆 / 求马唐肆
* 求魚緣木 / 求鱼缘木
* 洗垢求瘢
* 渴求 (kěqiú)
* 溯流求源
* 焚林之求
* 營求 / 营求
* 發屋求狸 / 发屋求狸
* 相求 (xiāngqiú)
* 祈求 (qíqiú)
* 禱求 / 祷求
* 籲求 / 吁求
* 精益求精 (jīngyìqiújīng)
* 線上求助 / 线上求助
* 緣木求魚 / 缘木求鱼 (yuánmùqiúyú)
* 考求
* 聲應氣求 / 声应气求
* 聲氣相求 / 声气相求
* 聲求氣應 / 声求气应
* 自求多福 (zìqiúduōfú)
* 苦求
* 苛求 (kēqiú)
* 苦苦哀求
* 草間求活 / 草间求活
* 蒙求
* 薰穴求君
* 蘄求 / 蕲求 (qíqiú)
* 蠖屈求伸
* 行以求知
* 要求 (yāoqiú, “request”)
* 見彈求鴞 / 见弹求鸮
* 規求 / 规求
* 覓衣求食 / 觅衣求食
* 訪求 / 访求 (fǎngqiú)
* 訶求 / 诃求
* 訴求 / 诉求 (sùqiú)
* 誅求 / 诛求 (zhūqiú)
* 誅求無厭 / 诛求无厌
* 誅求無已 / 诛求无已
* 請求 / 请求 (qǐngqiú)
* 請求乃論 / 请求乃论
* 請求權 / 请求权
* 謀求 / 谋求 (móuqiú)
* 講求 / 讲求 (jiǎngqiú)
* 貪求 / 贪求 (tānqiú)
* 貪求無厭 / 贪求无厌
* 貪求無已 / 贪求无已
* 貪求無饜 / 贪求无餍
* 買求 / 买求
* 買菜求益 / 买菜求益
* 賣主求榮 / 卖主求荣
* 賣友求榮 / 卖友求荣 (màiyǒuqiúróng)
* 賣國求利 / 卖国求利
* 賣國求榮 / 卖国求荣 (màiguóqiúróng)
* 賴衣求食 / 赖衣求食
* 購求 / 购求
* 軟求 / 软求
* 追求 (zhuīqiú)
* 邀求
* 野外求生
* 鑽冰求火 / 钻冰求火
* 鑽冰求酥 / 钻冰求酥
* 降格以求
* 雉求牡匹
* 需求 (xūqiú)
* 食不求甘
* 食不求飽 / 食不求饱
* 食無求飽 / 食无求饱
* 鳳求凰 / 凤求凰

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)
* request, wish

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぐ (gu)
* Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)
* Kun: もとめる (motomeru, 求める, Jōyō)、もとむ (motomu, 求む)、まぐ (magu, 求ぐ)

#### Compounds

* 求人(きゅうじん) (kyūjin)
* 請求(せいきゅう) (seikyū)
* 要求(ようきゅう) (yōkyū)
* 求愛(きゅうあい) (kyūai)

### Proper noun

求(もとむ) • (Motomu)
* a male given name

## Korean
### Hanja

求 (eumhun 구할 구 (guhal gu))
* hanja form of 구 (“request, wish”)

#### Compounds

* 구인 (求人, gu'in, “offer of job (situation)”)
* 욕구 (慾求, yokgu, “desire”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

求: Hán Nôm readings: cầu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.