# 咖啡
## Chinese

* 咖啡 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 咖啡 (Cantonese)
* 咖啡 (Gan)
* Kâ-pî (Hakka)
* Gă-pĭ (Eastern Min)
* Ka-pi (Southern Min)
* 咖啡 (Wu)

### Etymology

The pronunciations in different Chinese varieties originate from a variety of languages:
    VarietyPronunciationDonor language and word MandarinkāfēiFrench café (“coffee”) Cantonesegaa$^3$ fe$^1$ Taishanesega$^1$ fie$^2$ Dungankofi͡əRussian ко́фе (kófe, “coffee”) Cantonesego$^3$ bi$^1$Malay kopi (“coffee”) Hokkienko-pi, ko-phi Teochewgo$^1$ bi$^5$, gu$^1$ bi$^5$ Philippine Hokkienka-péTagalog kape (“coffee”) Shanghainesekhá-fiEnglish coffee
Other pronunciations, such as Taiwanese Hokkien ka-pi, Taiwanese Hakka kâ-pî, Teochew gia$^1$ hui$^1$ and Eastern Min gă-pĭ, are likely literal pronunciations of the individual characters (cf. Japanese 珈琲), inferred using the youbian dubian (有邊讀邊) method.
The donor languages of whom all ultimately trace back to Italian caffè, from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa, “coffee”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): kāfēi
       (Zhuyin): ㄎㄚ ㄈㄟ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): кофе (kofi͡ə, III-I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaa$^3$ fe$^1$ / go$^3$ bi$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ga$^1$ fie$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kâ-pî
    (Hailu, HRS): ga$^ˋ$ bui$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ga$^1$ fi$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gă-pĭ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ko-pi / ko-phi / ka-pi / ka-pé / kee-hui
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gia$^1$ hui$^1$ / go$^1$ bi$^5$ / gu$^1$ bi$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$kha-fi$_1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kāfēi
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄚ ㄈㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kafei
*** Wade–Giles: kʻa$^1$-fei$^1$
*** Yale: kā-fēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kafei
*** Palladius: кафэй (kafɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰä⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: кофе (kofi͡ə, III-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɔ⁴⁴ fiə²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaa$^3$ fe$^1$ / go$^3$ bi$^1$
*** Yale: ga fē / go bī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaa$^3$ fe$^1$ / go$^3$ bi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ga$^3$ fé$^1$ / go$^3$ bi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaː³³ fɛː⁵⁵/, /kɔː³³ piː⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ga$^1$ fie$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ka³³ fiɛ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ-pî
*** Hakka Romanization System: ga$^ˊ$ bi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ga$^1$ bi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴⁻¹¹ pi²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ga$^ˋ$ bui$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ka⁵³ pui⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ga$^1$ fi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ka⁴⁴ fi⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gă-pĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /ka⁵⁵ $^{(pʰ-)}$βi⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Kinmen, Singapore, Penang, rare in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-pi
*** Tâi-lô: ko-pi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koi'py
*** IPA (Penang): /ko³³⁻²¹ pi³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ pi⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ko⁴⁴⁻³³ pi⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen, Singapore): /ko⁴⁴⁻²² pi⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ko³³ pi³³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko-phi
*** Tâi-lô: ko-phi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koiphy
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ko⁴⁴⁻²² pʰi⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-pi
*** Tâi-lô: ka-pi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ka'py
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pi⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-pé
*** Tâi-lô: ka-pé
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ka'pea
*** IPA (Philippines): /ka³³ pe⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhao'an)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kee-hui
*** Tâi-lô: kee-hui
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gia$^1$ hui$^1$ / go$^1$ bi$^5$ / gu$^1$ bi$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kia hui / ko pî / ku pî
*** Sinological IPA : /kia³³⁻²³ hui³³/, /ko³³⁻²³ pi⁵⁵/, /ku³³⁻²³ pi⁵⁵/
* gia1 hui1 - China;
* go1 bi5 - Singapore.
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Sichuanese”
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Northern Min”
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Xiang”
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Gan”

### Noun

咖啡
* coffee (Classifier: 杯)
    煮咖啡 ― zhǔ kāfēi ― to make coffee
    濃咖啡／浓咖啡 ― nóng kāfēi ― strong coffee
    現磨咖啡／现磨咖啡 ― xiànmó kāfēi ― freshly ground coffee
    特色咖啡 ― tèsè kāfēi ― specialty coffee
    阿拉伯咖啡 ― Ālābó kāfēi ― Arabian coffee
       néng qǔdài kāfēi de yǐnpǐn [Pinyin]
       a drink that can replace coffee
       Wǒ yào hē bēi kāfēi tí tíshén. [Pinyin]
       I'd like a cup of coffee to refresh myself.

#### Usage notes

Just like the English term coffee, 咖啡 can refer to coffee generically, as well as coffee beans, ground coffee, coffee powder or a cup of coffee specifically. See the derived terms listed below for these specific terms.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 咖啡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 咖啡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 咖啡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 咖啡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 咖啡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 咖啡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 咖啡, 啡 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 咖啡 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 咖啡 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 咖啡, 咖啡茶 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 咖啡 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 咖啡 |

#### Derived terms

* 一加二咖啡
* 三合一咖啡
* 冰咖啡 (bīngkāfēi)
* 冰奶咖啡 (bīngnǎi kāfēi)
* 凍咖啡 / 冻咖啡
* 即溶咖啡 (jíróng kāfēi)
* 咖啡仔
* 咖啡伴侶 / 咖啡伴侣
* 咖啡佬
* 咖啡內酯 / 咖啡内酯
* 咖啡冰
* 咖啡吧 (kāfēibā)
* 咖啡因 (kāfēiyīn)
* 咖啡壺 / 咖啡壶 (kāfēihú)
* 咖啡妹
* 咖啡室 (kāfēishì)
* 咖啡屋 (kāfēiwū)
* 咖啡師 / 咖啡师 (kāfēishī)
* 咖啡店 (kāfēidiàn)
* 咖啡座
* 咖啡廳 / 咖啡厅 (kāfēitīng)
* 咖啡拉花 (kāfēi lāhuā)
* 咖啡果 (kāfēiguǒ)
* 咖啡杯 (kāfēibēi)
* 咖啡桌 (kāfēizhuō)
* 咖啡機 / 咖啡机 (kāfēijī)
* 咖啡濾壓壺 / 咖啡滤压壶 (kāfēi lǜyāhú)
* 咖啡烏 / 咖啡乌
* 咖啡粉碎機 / 咖啡粉碎机 (kāfēi fěnsuìjī)
* 咖啡精 (kāfēijīng)
* 咖啡絲 / 咖啡丝
* 咖啡色 (kāfēisè)
* 咖啡話 / 咖啡话 (kāfēihuà)
* 咖啡豆 (kāfēidòu)
* 咖啡酸 (kāfēisuān)
* 咖啡醇 (kāfēichún)
* 咖啡鐳 / 咖啡镭
* 咖啡館 / 咖啡馆 (kāfēiguǎn)
* 咖啡鹼 / 咖啡碱 (kāfēijiǎn)
* 愛爾蘭咖啡 / 爱尔兰咖啡 (ài'ěrlán kāfēi)
* 拿鐵咖啡 / 拿铁咖啡 (nátiě kāfēi)
* 掛耳咖啡 / 挂耳咖啡 (guà'ěr kāfēi)
* 掛耳式咖啡 / 挂耳式咖啡 (guà'ěrshì kāfēi)
* 清咖啡 (qīngkāfēi)
* 濃咖啡 / 浓咖啡 (nóngkāfēi)
* 濃縮咖啡 / 浓缩咖啡 (nóngsuō kāfēi)
* 網路咖啡廳 / 网路咖啡厅
* 美式咖啡 (Měishì kāfēi)
* 貓屎咖啡 / 猫屎咖啡 (māoshǐ kāfēi)
* 速溶咖啡 (sùróng kāfēi)
* 麝香貓咖啡 / 麝香猫咖啡 (shèxiāngmāo kāfēi)
* 黑咖啡 (hēikāfēi)

#### Descendants

* → Korean: 가배(咖啡) (gabae)
Others:
* → Zhuang: gahfeih, gyahfeih

#### References

* ↑ Lim, Vicente (1941) Chinese-English-Tagalog-Spanish Business conversation and social contact with Amoy pronunciation‎, Manila: Poc Bon Book Co., page 114

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 咖 | 啡 |

### Noun

咖啡 • (gabae) (hangeul 가배)
* hanja form of 가배 (“(archaic or in brand names) coffee”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 咖 | 啡 |

### Noun

咖啡: Nôm readings: cà phê
* Nôm form of cà phê (“coffee”).

#### References

* ↑ Hồ (1976).
* ↑ Trần (2004).