OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ドキュメンタリー
## Japanese
### Alternative forms

* (clipping) ドキュメント

### Etymology

Borrowed from English documentary.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ドキュメンタリー [dòkyúméꜜǹtàrìì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [do̞kʲɨmẽ̞nta̠ɾʲiː]

### Noun

ドキュメンタリー • (dokyumentarī)
* a documentary

#### Synonyms

* 記録映画(きろくえいが) (kiroku eiga)

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# cisz
## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡sis]
* Hyphenation: cisz
* Rhymes: -is

### Noun

cisz (plural ciszek)
* (music) C-sharp, C♯ (a tone one semitone higher than a C)
    Coordinate terms: disz, eisz, fisz, gisz, aisz, hisz

#### Derived terms

* Cisz-dúr
* cisz-moll

### Further reading

* cisz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* cisz in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ɕiʂ/
* Rhymes: -iʂ
* Syllabification: cisz

### Noun

cisz f
* Obsolete form of cisza.

### Verb

cisz
* second-person singular imperative of ciszyć

### Further reading

* cisz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ᬦᬦᬄ
## Balinese
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nanaq, from Proto-Austronesian *naNaq.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /na.nah/
* Rhymes: -nah
* Hyphenation: na‧nah

### Noun

ᬦᬦᬄ (nanah)
* pus (fluid found in regions of infection)

#### Derived terms

* ᬫᬦᬦᬄ (mananah)

### Further reading

* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*naNaq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Further reading

* “nanah” in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia], Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].
# decalescence
## English
### Etymology

By surface analysis, de- +‎ calescence.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌdiːkəˈlɛsəns/
* (General American) IPA: /ˌdikəˈlɛsəns/
* Rhymes: -ɛsəns

### Noun

decalescence (countable and uncountable, plural decalescences)
* A decrease in temperature that occurs while heating metal through a range of temperatures in which change in structure occurs.
    Synonym: calescence
    Coordinate term: recalescence
** 1919, Machinery's Handbook for Machine Shop and Drafting-room:The temperatures at which decalescence occurs vary with the amount of carbon in the steel, and are also higher for high-speed steel than for ordinary crucible steel.
** 1964, Franklin D. Jones, Machine Shop Training Course - Volume 2, →ISBN, page 526:The decalescence point indicates the temperature at which a decided change In the Internal condition of steel takes place, and above which steel must be heated in order that it may be properly hardened by quenching.
** 2017, Erik Oberg, Heat-Treatment of Steel, →ISBN:A very important feature is that steel containing hardening carbon, i.e., steel above the temperature of decalescence, is non-magnetic.
# akisi
## Inupiaq
### Alternative forms

* akiñ

### Noun

akisi (dual akisik, plural akisit)
* pillow
    Akisi niaqum tunŋavigigaa siñiktuni.A pillow is to lay your head on when sleeping.

## Swahili
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَكَسَ (ʕakasa).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Verb

-akisi (infinitive kuakisi)
* to reflect
* to signal, indicate

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of -akisi :
| Positive present | -naakisi |
| Subjunctive | -akisi |
| Negative | -akisi |
| Imperative singular | akisi |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kuakisi |
| Negative | kutoakisi |
Imperatives :
| Singular | akisi |
| Plural | akisini |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | huakisi |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -liakisi |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kuakisi |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -taakisi |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -taakisi |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -siakisi |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngeakisi |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singeakisi |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngaliakisi |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singaliakisi |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -meakisi |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshaakisi |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jaakisi |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kiakisi |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipoakisi |
| Consecutive | kaakisi / positive subject concord + -kaakisi |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kaakisi |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :
# margadas
## Portuguese
### Participle

margadas f pl
* feminine plural of margado
# astronot
## English
### Alternative forms

* astroNOT

### Etymology

Blend of astronaut +‎ not.

### Noun

astronot (plural astronots)
* (humorous, derogatory) Synonym of actornaut.
** 2003 November 5, Nathan Jones, “Aldrins boot and other boo boo's (Apollo fakery)”, in alt.astronomy‎ (Usenet):The astronots claimed they never did take any lighting with them to the Moon so where did all that extra light come from? Close inspection reveals that neither of Aldrins feet/boots are on any rungs as he descends the ladder. He is thus falling downwards as the shot is taken.
** 2019, Andrew Johnson, Acknowledged: A Perspective on the Matters of UFOs, Aliens and Crop Circles, [self-published], →ISBN, page unknown:The cattle mutilations continued and people in the area wrote to Senator Harrison Schmitt's (former Apollo astronot/actornaut), which eventually resulted in a mutilation conference being held in the Albuquerque Public Library on April 20, 1979.

## Indonesian
### Noun

astronot (plural astronot-astronot or para astronot)
* (colloquial) Alternative form of astronaut

## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French astronaute.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑs.tɾo.not/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

astronot (definite accusative astronotu, plural astronotlar)
* astronaut

#### Declension
### See also

* kozmonot
* taykonot
# osservanza
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /os.serˈvan.t͡sa/
* Rhymes: -antsa
* Hyphenation: os‧ser‧vàn‧za

### Noun

osservanza f (plural osservanze)
* observance

## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian osservanza.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔs.sɛrˈvan.t͡sa/

### Noun

osservanza f (plural osservanzi)
* observance
    Antonym: inosservanza

#### Related terms

* inosservabbli
* inosservant
* inosservanza
* osserva
* osservabbli
* osservant
* osservatorju
* osservatur
* osservazzjoni
# csal
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Of unknown origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɒl]
* Rhymes: -ɒl
* Homophone: -csal

### Verb

csal
* (transitive) to cheat, deceive

#### Derived terms

* csalatkozik
* csalárd
* csalás
* csalfa
* csali
* csalogat
* csaló
* csalódik
* csalóka
* csalétek
(With verbal prefixes):
* becsal
* elcsal
* kicsal
* lecsal
* megcsal
* a látszat csal

### References

* ↑ csal in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* (to cheat): csal in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* ([dialectal] ploy, ruse, scheme [noun]): csal in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* csal in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
# Huang-an
## English
### Etymology

From Mandarin 黃安 / 黄安 Wade–Giles romanization: Huang²-an¹.

### Proper noun

Huang-an
* Alternative form of Huang'an (Hong'an).
** [1669 [1665], John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China‎, London: John Macock, translation of original in Dutch, →OCLC, page 14:Hoangcheu commands over nine Cities, as Hoangcheu, Lotien, Maching, Hoangpi, Hoanggan, Kixui, Ki, Hoangmui, Hoangci.]
** [1931 April 20, “CHINA BANDITS PAID TO RELEASE U.S. CHURCH MAN”, in Victoria Daily Times‎, volume 78, number 93, Victoria, B.C., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:Rev. K. N. Tvedt of St. Paul, United States Lutheran United missionary, held captive by Chinese Communists near Hwangan, northern Hupeh, since last October 17, was released yesterday on payment of ransom by the mission. The Lutheran mission's home here was advised Mr. Tvedt had arrived at Sungfow, south of Hwangan, en route to Hankow.]
** 1938, Edgar Snow, Red Star Over China‎, Grove Press, published 1978, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 553:Born in 1886 in Huang-an county, Hupeh, in a large gentry family headed by scholars and teachers, Tung received a classical education and passed the imperial official (Confucian) examinations at the age of sixteen.
** 1959, Ping-ti Ho, “Catastrophic Deterrents”, in Studies on the Population of China, 1368-1953 (Harvard East Asian Studies), number 4, Harvard University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 250:Huang-an county in Hupei, with a pre-1934 population of some 160,000, had but 66,000 in 1953. For six years after the Communist retreat the eighty-li stretch between Hsin-hsien and Lo-t'ien in Hupei remained entirely leveled by the Nationalists and turned into a no-man's-land.
** 1970, Martin Ebon, “Boy from Hupeh (1907-1930)”, in Lin Piao: The Life and Writings of China's New Ruler‎, New York: Stein and Day, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 17:Lin was born in 1907, probably in the village of Liu-chia-wan, Huang-an county, Hupeh Province. Lin’s native village is about fifty miles downstream from the Yangtse River spot where Mao Tse-tung, in the summer of 1966, undertook the historic swim that dramatized his vigorous return to the Chinese political scene.
** 1978, Yang, quotee, “The Death of Lin Piao”, in The Chinese Assassin‎, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 27:I was born in Huang-an County in Hupeh Province in 1934 although I was brought up in Szechuan.
** 1992, “LI HSIEN-NIEN”, in Edwin Pak-wah Leung, editor, Historical Dictionary of Revolutionary China, 1839-1976‎, Greenwood Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 206:Li Hsien-nien is a native of Huang-an County (now known as Hung-an) in eastern Hupeh Province. […] When the split between the Communists and the Nationalists took place in 1927, Li returned to Huang-an County as an operative in the Communist Young Pioneers. […] In 1930, he became an instructor in the Red Guard, and in the following year, he was elected chairman of the small Soviet government of Huang-an County.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Huang-an.

### Anagrams

* Hungana
# phénakistiscope
## English
### Noun

phénakistiscope (plural phénakistiscopes)
* Alternative form of phenakistoscope
** 1969, Roy Paul Madsen, Animated Film: Concepts, Methods, Uses, New York, N.Y.: Interland Publishing Inc., →ISBN, page 7:In 1829 he [Joseph Plateau] constructed a circular device, the phénakistiscope, on which sixteen pictures were mounted (Figure 1.5).
** 1981, Lynda Corey Claassen, “National Museum of American History”, in Finders’ Guide to Prints and Drawings in the Smithsonian Institution, Smithsonian Institution, →ISBN, page 90:Motion picture prehistory is documented by hand-colored phénakistiscope (1832) and Fantascope (1833) discs, by zoetrope strips (c1867), and by woodcuts showing peep shows;
** 1996, Fatimah Tobing Rony, “Notes to Chapter Two”, in The Third Eye: Race, Cinema, and Ethnographic Spectacle, Durham, N.C., London: Duke University Press, →ISBN, page 231:Throughout the early twentieth century, [Félix] Regnault wrote about cinema and its history, a history he saw as an evolution originating from both science and popular entertainment, beginning with the concept of the persistence of the image on the retina, [Joseph] Plateau’s phénakistiscope, and [Émile] Reynaud’s praxinoscope, and reaching its apex with the invention of cinema by [Étienne-Jules] Marey, whom Regnault referred to as le père du du cinéma (Félix Regnault, “L’évolution du cinéma,” La revue scientifique [1922]: 7985).
** 1998, Keith J. Laidler, “Daguerre, Talbot, and the legacy of photography: […]”, in To Light Such a Candle: Chapters in the History of Science and Technology, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 101:[Joseph] Plateau sent one of his phénakistiscopes as a present to Michael Faraday.
** 2004, Norman E. Tutorow, “The First Motion Picture”, in The Governor: The Life and Legacy of Leland Stanford, a California Colossus, Spokane, Wash.: The Arthur H. Clark Company, →ISBN, page 474:For example, in the French original of Machine animale, [Étienne-Jules] Marey writes that Mathias Marie Duval used a phénakistiscope;

## French
### Alternative forms

* phénakisticope

### Etymology

Ancient Greek φενακιστής (phenakistḗs, “cheat, imposter”) +‎ -scope, from φενακίζω (phenakízō, “to cheat”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fe.na.kis.tis.kɔp/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

phénakistiscope m (plural phénakistiscopes)
* phenakistoscope

### Further reading

* “phénakistiscope”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# antithiamine
## English
### Etymology

From anti- +‎ thiamine.

### Adjective

antithiamine (not comparable)
* Acting against thiamine or its effects.
    An antithiamine factor has antithiamine activity, and may cause thiamine deficiency if it is too prevalent.

### Noun

antithiamine (plural antithiamines)
* Any agent that acts against thiamine or its effects.
# Qaddhafi
## English
### Proper noun

Qaddhafi
* Uncommon form of Gaddafi.

### Anagrams

* Qhaddafi
# margam
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmar.ɡam/
* Rhymes: -arɡam
* Syllabification: mar‧gam

### Verb

margam
* first-person singular present indicative of margać

## Portuguese
### Verb

margam
* third-person plural present indicative of margar
# iconolatry
## English
### Etymology

From icono- +‎ -latry.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˌaɪ.kəˈnɒ.lə.triː/
* (US) enPR: ī′-kə-nä′-lə-trē, IPA: /ˌaɪ.kəˈnɒ.lə.tɹi/

### Noun

iconolatry (countable and uncountable, plural iconolatries)
* The use of images as symbols that provide an inspiration and aid to worship.
** 1999, Helmuth von Glasenapp, Jainism: An Indian Religion of Salvation, page 430:The opponents of iconolatry, the Sthanakavāsīs (i.e. those who worship only in community-houses and not in temples) maintain, on the other hand, that the cult of idols was not taught by the Tirthankaras.
** 2010, Martin Sicker, Pondering the Imponderable, page 112:Illegitimate iconolatry is an image consecrated to the worship of God but not prescribed by the Biblical ritual, e.g., the golden calf. The injunction against the use of illegitimate iconolatry seems clearly reflected in the biblical admonition, Take ye therefore good heed to yourselves -- for ye saw no manner of form on the day that the Lord spoke unto you in Hereb out of the midst of the fire -- lest ye deal corruptly, and make you a graven image, even the form of any figure.
** 2016, James E. Smith, The Ten Commandments Reconsidered, page 65:The argument for iconolatry is that images aid worship.
* The veneration of celebrities.
** 2006, Ellis Cashmore, Celebrity Culture, page 243:In the 1950s (his ascent was in 1953), 1960s, 1970s, and possibly beyond, he would surely have commanded supreme admiration, respect, and even iconolatry, especially in his native land.
** 2010, Aaron Jaffe, Jonathan E. Goldman, Modernist Star Maps: Celebrity, Modernity, Culture, page 161:Complementing the value system of luminosity and iconolatry surrounding Hitler, such shadows suggest the imprint of a story-telling agent, of narratorial scaffolding.
** 2019, Gerd Bayer, Heavy Metal at the Movies:Even if it took more than twenty years for the crush of iconolatry, wealth and drug abuse to boomerang back at him, the classic trajectory of Elvis' life is clung to popularity as modern tragedy —as if he was meant to die sometime before getting fat, middle-aged and campy, and didn't, and we'll just pretend he did.
** 2019, Ethan Mordden, On Streisand: An Opinionated Guide, page 42:Further, she had launched the career she had wanted from the first, not that of the singer but the movie star—not a talant star, vocalizing her way through her parts, but a glamour star, setting music aside to provoke the iconolatry centered on charismatic figures who don't have to sing for supper.
** 2022, Kate Atkinson, Shrines of Gaiety:She always had some star or celebrity that she was emulating. She tended towards iconolatry.)

#### Usage notes

* Distinguished from idolatry, the worship of images themselves.

#### Related terms

* icon
* iconoclasm
* iconoclast
* iconolater
# inosservanza
## Italian
### Noun

inosservanza f (plural inosservanze)
* nonobservance

## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian inosservanza.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪ.nɔs.sɛrˈvan.t͡sa/

### Noun

inosservanza f (plural inosservanzi)
* nonobservance
    Antonym: osservanza

#### Related terms

* inosservabbli
* inosservant
* osserva
* osservabbli
* osservant
* osservanza
* osservatorju
* osservatur
* osservazzjoni
# cseh
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowing from Czech Čech (“Czech”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɛ] (if it has no suffix or if its suffix starts with a consonant, e.g. csehnek)
* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɛɦ] (in inflected forms when followed by a vowel, e.g. csehek)
* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɛx] (another pronunciation variant, regardless of any subsequent sounds)
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -t͡ʃɛ

### Adjective

cseh (not comparable)
* Czech (of or pertaining to the Czech Republic, its people or language)

#### Declension

Also see the noun section for alternative forms.

### Noun

cseh (countable and uncountable, plural csehek)
* Czech (person)
* Czech (language)

#### Declension

The singular instrumental and translative case may differ depending on the dialect. When the word is pronounced with a silent H, they are csehvel and csehvé, respectively, but for speakers who pronounce the H, the corresponding forms will be csehhel and csehhé.

#### Derived terms

* Csehország
* Cseh Köztársaság
* csehül áll

### References

* ↑ Balázs Sinkovics, Gyula Zsigri: A H-ra vonatkozó megszorítások történeti változásai in A nyelvtörténeti kutatások újabb eredményei vol. 4, JATE Press, 2005
* ↑ Section 82e in A magyar helyesírás szabályai, 12. kiadás (’The Rules of Hungarian Orthography, 12th edition’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2015. →ISBN

### Further reading

* cseh in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* cseh in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
# bionematicide
## English
### Etymology

From bio- +‎ nematicide.

### Noun

bionematicide (plural bionematicides)
* A nematicide of biological origin.
    The fungus Paecilomyces can be used as a bionematicide.
# Kolambugan
## English
### Proper noun

Kolambugan
* A municipality of Lanao del Norte, Philippines.
# margavam
## Portuguese
### Verb

margavam
* third-person plural imperfect indicative of margar
# cruit
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish cruitt, originally the dative of crott (“harp, lute”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɾˠɪtʲ/

### Noun

cruit f (genitive singular cruite, nominative plural cruiteanna)
* (music) (small) harp
* hunch, hump

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
cruit
cruiteanna
vocative
a chruit
a chruiteanna
genitive
cruite
cruiteanna
dative
cruit
cruiteanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an chruit
na cruiteanna
genitive
na cruite
na gcruiteanna
dative
leis an gcruit don chruit
leis na cruiteanna :

#### Derived terms

* cruitchlár
* cruitíneach

#### Related terms

* cláirseach
* cruitire

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cruit”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “cruit”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 203
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crott”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “cruit”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “cruit”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Scottish Gaelic
### Noun

cruit f
* Alternative form of croit (“croft”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# osservatur
## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian osservatore.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔs.sɛr.vaˈtuːr/

### Noun

osservatur m (plural osservaturi, feminine osservatriċi)
* observer

#### Related terms

* inosservabbli
* inosservant
* inosservanza
* osserva
* osservabbli
* osservant
* osservanza
* osservatorju
* osservazzjoni
# csuk
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Uralic *čukka- (“to lock up, hide”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃuk]
* Rhymes: -uk

### Verb

csuk
* (transitive) to shut, close (without using a key and a lock, only with a handle)
    Synonym: (often but not necessarily with a key) zár
    Antonym: nyit
    Middle-voice counterpart: csukódik

#### Derived terms

* csukás
* csukódik
(With verbal prefixes):
* becsuk
* elcsuk
* kicsuk
* lecsuk
* összecsuk
* rácsuk
* visszacsuk

### References

* ↑ Entry #117 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
* ↑ csuk in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* csuk in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* csuk in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
# undercure
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ cure.

### Noun

undercure (plural undercures)
* An instance or result of undercuring.

### Verb

undercure (third-person singular simple present undercures, present participle undercuring, simple past and past participle undercured)
* To cure insufficiently.

#### Related terms

* overcure