# 縛

| 縛 | U+7E1B, &#32283; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7E1B |
| ← 縚 [U+7E1A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 縜 → [U+7E1C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

縛 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 女火戈月戈 (VFIBI), four-corner 2394$_2$, composition ⿰糹尃)

#### Derived characters

* 嚩, 𮒴

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 934, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27771
* Dae Jaweon: page 1372, character 34
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3434, character 13
* Unihan data for U+7E1B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 豧 | *pʰoːs, *pʰa, *pʰas |
| 縛 | *baːɡs, *baɡ |
| 逋 | *paː |
| 餔 | *paː, *baːs |
| 晡 | *paː |
| 庯 | *paː |
| 陠 | *paː, *pʰaː |
| 鵏 | *paː, *baːs |
| 峬 | *paː |
| 誧 | *paː, *pʰaː, *pʰaːʔ, *pʰaːs |
| 秿 | *paː, *pʰa, *baʔ |
| 鯆 | *paː, *pʰaː, *paʔ |
| 補 | *paːʔ |
| 圃 | *paːʔ, *paːs |
| 鋪 | *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa |
| 痡 | *pʰaː, *pʰa |
| 浦 | *pʰaːʔ |
| 烳 | *pʰaːʔ |
| 溥 | *pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ |
| 悑 | *pʰaːs |
| 酺 | *baː |
| 匍 | *baː |
| 蜅 | *baː, *paʔ |
| 脯 | *baː, *paʔ |
| 葡 | *baː |
| 蒱 | *baː |
| 蒲 | *baː |
| 簿 | *baːʔ, *baːɡ |
| 捕 | *baːs |
| 哺 | *baːs |
| 簠 | *pa, *paʔ, *pʰas |
| 甫 | *paʔ |
| 黼 | *paʔ |
| 莆 | *paʔ |
| 俌 | *paʔ, *pʰaʔ |
| 郙 | *paʔ, *pʰa |
| 傅 | *paɡs |
| 搏 | *paɡs, *paːɡ, *pʰaːɡ |
| 麱 | *pʰa |
| 尃 | *pʰa |
| 榑 | *ba |
| 輔 | *baʔ |
| 鬴 | *baʔ |
| 賻 | *baɡs |
| 博 | *paːɡ |
| 髆 | *paːɡ |
| 鎛 | *paːɡ |
| 猼 | *paːɡ |
| 餺 | *paːɡ |
| 簙 | *paːɡ |
| 鑮 | *paːɡ, *baːɡ |
| 欂 | *paːɡ, *baɡ, *breːɡ |
| 蒪 | *pʰaːɡ |
| 膊 | *pʰaːɡ |
| 薄 | *baːɡ |
| 礡 | *baːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *baːɡs, *baɡ) : semantic 糸 (“rope”) + phonetic 尃 (OC *pʰa).

### Etymology

Austroasiatic. Compare Khmer ប៉ាក់ (pak, “to embroider”), Mon ဗိုက် (“to put around esp. lower half of body”), Temiar bəg (“to bind”) (Schuessler, 2007). Alternatively, note Thai ผูก (pùuk, “to tie; to bind”) and Vietnamese buộc (“to tie; to bind”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fù, fú
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ, ㄈㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bok$^3$ / bok$^6$ / fok$^3$ / fok$^6$
* Northern Min (KCR): bŏ̤
* Eastern Min (BUC): buŏh
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pa̍k / ho̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bag$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$boq; $^8$voq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fù
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fù
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^4$
*** Yale: fù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
*** Palladius: фу (fu)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fú
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fú
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^2$
*** Yale: fú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwu
*** Palladius: фу (fu)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bok$^3$ / bok$^6$ / fok$^3$ / fok$^6$
*** Yale: bok / bohk / fok / fohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bok$^8$ / bok$^9$ / fok$^8$ / fok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bog$^3$ / bog$^6$ / fog$^3$ / fog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔːk̚³/, /pɔːk̚²/, /fɔːk̚³/, /fɔːk̚²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bŏ̤
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔ²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: buŏh
*** Sinological IPA : /puoʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pa̍k
*** Tâi-lô: pa̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pak
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pak̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pak̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pak̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho̍k
*** Tâi-lô: ho̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hok
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚¹²¹/
* pa̍k - vernacular (“to tie up; to weave; feeling tight; classifier; to take on a contract; to wrap; to rent”);
* ho̍k - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit縛 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /fu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /fu²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /fu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /fə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /fu⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /fu³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /fo²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /fv̩²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /fu⁵³/ /fu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /fə⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /fu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /fu⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /po³¹/ /fu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /po²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /fu²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /fu⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /fəʔ⁵/ /pɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /fəʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xuʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /fəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /boʔ¹/ /voʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /voʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /boʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ɦo²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /fuʔ²¹/ /pɔʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /po²⁴/ /xo⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ho⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /pʰiok̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /pɔk̚³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /pɔk̚³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /pɔk̚³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hɔk̚⁵/ /pak̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /puoʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /pɔ²⁴/ /pu⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /pak̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔbak̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: baH, bjak
Rime :
| Character | 縛 | 縛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) | 藥 (108) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 符臥切 | 符钁切 |
| Baxter | baH | bjak |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /buɑ$^H$/ | /bʉɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /buɑ$^H$/ | /bʷiɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /buɑ$^H$/ | /biuɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bwa$^H$/ | /buak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /buɑ$^H$/ | /biuak̚/ |
| Wang Li | /buɑ$^H$/ | /bĭak̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱuɑ$^H$/ | /bʱiwak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bò | fó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bo$^6$ | fok$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*bak/
    (Zhengzhang): /*baːɡs/, /*baɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 縛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bjak › |
| Old Chinese | /*bak/ |
| English | bind (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 縛 | 縛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 3409 | 3493 |
| Phonetic component | 甫 | 甫 |
| Rime group | 暮 | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 縛 | 縛 |
| Old Chinese | /*baːɡs/ | /*baɡ/ |

### Definitions

縛
* to tie up; to bind; to truss
* (Hokkien) to weave from bamboo strips (tools, utensils, etc.)
* (Hokkien) feeling tight when worn (of clothes)
* (Hokkien) Classifier for bundled items.
* (Mainland China Hokkien) to take on a contract; to undertake (a job, construction project, etc.)
* (Mainland China Hokkien) to wrap; to bind up
* (Xiamen Hokkien) to rent; to lease
* a surname

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 束, 縛 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 捆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 捆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 綁 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 捆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 捆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 捆, 綁 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 捆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 捆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 捆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 捆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 綁, 紮 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 綁, 紮 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 綁, 紮, 縛 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 綁, 捆, 䌈 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 捆 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 捆 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 捆, 縛 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 縛, 捆 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 縛 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 縛 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 縛 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 縛 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 捆, 縛 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 縛 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 捆, 縛 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 捆 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 捆, 縛 |
* (to wrap):
* nan-hbl+nan-tws:縛 / nan-hbl+nan-tws:缚
* 包
* 包紮 / 包扎
* 包裹 (bāoguǒ)
* 拍結毬 / 拍结球 (Min Nan)
* 捆紮
* 結紮 / 结扎
* 綁 / 绑 (bǎng)
* 綁紮 / 绑扎
* 經纏 / 经缠 (Min Nan)
* 纏綁 / 缠绑 (chánbǎng)
* 纏繞 / 缠绕 (chánrào)
* 裹 (guǒ)
* (to rent):
* 佃 (diàn) (dialectal)
* 僱 / 雇 (gù)
* 承租 (chéngzū)
* 租 (zū)
* 租用 (zūyòng)
* (classifier for bundled items): 捆 (kǔn)

### Compounds

* 作繭自縛 / 作茧自缚 (zuòjiǎnzìfú)
* 低頭受縛 / 低头受缚
* 俯首就縛 / 俯首就缚
* 受縛 / 受缚
* 吐絲自縛 / 吐丝自缚
* 扎縛
* 拴縛 / 拴缚
* 擒龍縛虎 / 擒龙缚虎
* 束手就縛 / 束手就缚
* 束縛 / 束缚 (shùfù)
* 束身就縛 / 束身就缚
* 綁縛 / 绑缚 (bǎngfù)
* 縛住 / 缚住 (fùzhù)
* 縛手縛腳 / 缚手缚脚
* 縛束 / 缚束
* 縛稿為人 / 缚稿为人
* 縛粽 / 缚粽 (pa̍k-chàng) (Min Nan)
* 縛緊 / 缚紧
* 縛虎手 / 缚虎手
* 縛雞之力 / 缚鸡之力
* 繫縛 / 系缚
* 纏縛 / 缠缚
* 肉袒面縛 / 肉袒面缚
* 自縛 / 自缚
* 袒縛 / 袒缚
* 解縛 / 解缚
* 面縛 / 面缚
* 面縛輿櫬 / 面缚舆榇
* 面縛銜璧 / 面缚衔璧

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 縛 |
| Kyūjitai | 縛󠄁 縛+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 縛󠄃 縛+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* to tie, to bind

#### Readings

* Go-on: ばく (baku, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: はく (haku)
* Kun: しばる (shibaru, 縛る, Jōyō)、いましめる (imashimeru, 縛める)

### References

* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1677 (paper), page 890 (digital)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 縛 (MC bjak).

### Hanja

Wikisource 縛 (eumhun 묶을 박 (mukkeul bak))
* hanja form of 박 (“tie”)

#### Compounds

* 겁박 (劫縛, geopbak, “threat; blackmail”)
* 결박 (結縛, gyeolbak, “binding”)
* 구박 (毆縛, gubak, “hit”)
* 속박 (束縛, sokbak, “restraint, shackles”)
* 자승자박 (自繩自縛, jaseungjabak)
* 포박 (捕縛, pobak, “apprehension”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

縛: Hán Nôm readings: phược, phọc, phước
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.