# ymestyn
## Welsh
### Etymology

From ym- +‎ estyn (“to extend, to stretch”).

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /əˈmɛsdɨ̞n/, [əˈmɛstɨ̞n]
* (South Wales) IPA: /əˈmɛsdɪn/, [əˈmɛstɪn]
* Rhymes: -ɛsdɨ̞n

### Verb

ymestyn (first-person singular present ymestynnaf)
* (transitive, intransitive) to extend, to stretch, to lengthen (also figurative)
    Mae’r dydd yn ymestyn cam ceiliog.The daylight is gradually getting longer. (literally, "…getting longer [the length of] a cockerel’s step", referring to daylight between the winter solstice and Christmas)
    Mae angen i mi ymestyn fy nghoesau.I need to stretch my legs.
* (archaeology) to advance, to expand

#### Conjugation

| | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | impersonal | impersonal |
| | first | second | third | first | second | third | impersonal | impersonal |
| present indicative/future | ymestynnaf | ymestynni | ymestyn, ymestynna | ymestynnwn | ymestynnwch | ymestynnant | ymestynnir |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional | ymestynnwn | ymestynnit | ymestynnai | ymestynnem | ymestynnech | ymestynnent | ymestynnid |
| preterite | ymestynnais | ymestynnaist | ymestynnodd | ymestynasom | ymestynasoch | ymestynasant | ymestynnwyd |
| pluperfect | ymestynaswn | ymestynasit | ymestynasai | ymestynasem | ymestynasech | ymestynasent | ymestynasid, ymestynesid |
| present subjunctive | ymestynnwyf | ymestynnych | ymestynno | ymestynnom | ymestynnoch | ymestynnont | ymestynner |
| imperative | — | ymestyn, ymestynna | ymestynned | ymestynnwn | ymestynnwch | ymestynnent | ymestynner |
| verbal noun | ymestyn | ymestyn | ymestyn | ymestyn | ymestyn | ymestyn | ymestyn |
| verbal adjectives | ymestynedig ymestynadwy | ymestynedig ymestynadwy | ymestynedig ymestynadwy | ymestynedig ymestynadwy | ymestynedig ymestynadwy | ymestynedig ymestynadwy | ymestynedig ymestynadwy |
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| Inflected colloquial forms | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| future | ymestynna i, ymestynnaf i | ymestynni di | ymestynnith o/e/hi, ymestynniff e/hi | ymestynnwn ni | ymestynnwch chi | ymestynnan nhw |
| conditional | ymestynnwn i, ymestynswn i | ymestynnet ti, ymestynset ti | ymestynnai fo/fe/hi, ymestynsai fo/fe/hi | ymestynnen ni, ymestynsen ni | ymestynnech chi, ymestynsech chi | ymestynnen nhw, ymestynsen nhw |
| preterite | ymestynnais i, ymestynnes i | ymestynnaist ti, ymestynnest ti | ymestynnodd o/e/hi | ymestynnon ni | ymestynnoch chi | ymestynnon nhw |
| imperative | — | ymestynna | — | — | ymestynnwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |||||||

#### Derived terms

* ffabrig ymestyn (“stretch fabric”)
* olion ymestyn (“stretch marks”)
* ymestyn gorchymyn (“to extend an order”)
* ymestyniad (“stretch, extension”)
* ymestynnol (“stretching, extensive, extended”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “estynnaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies