# 火鼠
## Chinese

* 火鼠

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huǒshǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fo$^2$ syu$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hóe-chhí / hé-chhú
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huǒshǔ [Phonetic: huóshǔ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huǒshǔ
*** Wade–Giles: huo$^3$-shu$^3$
*** Yale: hwǒ-shǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huooshuu
*** Palladius: хошу (xošu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fo$^2$ syu$^2$
*** Yale: fó syú
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fo$^2$ sy$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fo$^2$ xu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔː³⁵ syː³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóe-chhí
*** Tâi-lô: hué-tshí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoefchie
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hé-chhú
*** Tâi-lô: hé-tshú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hefzhuo
*** IPA (Taipei): /he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰu⁵³/

### Noun

火鼠
* (Chinese mythology) fire rat or mouse (a mythological creature)
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) squirrel

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 松鼠, 栗鼠, 灰鼠 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 松鼠 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 松鼠兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 松鼠 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 松鼠 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 圪獵 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 毛老鼠 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 樹吊, 上樹吊 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 𦎠𦎑貓 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 𦎠𦎑貓 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 松鼠 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 松鼠 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kokang | 貂鼠 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 松鼠 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) | 邊瓜鼠 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Juxi) | 搬家老鼠 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 膨鼠 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 大尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 膨鼠 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 膨鼠 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 圪猁 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 圪猁 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 圪猁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 胡鼠, 松鼠 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 膨鼠, 松鼠 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 膨鼠, 飛鼠 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 膨毛鼠 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 杜排 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 𫜣家廬鼠 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 當家廬鼠 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 松鼠 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 松鼠 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 松鼠 |
| Xiang | Shaoyang | 松鼠 |

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 火 | 鼠 |
| ひ Grade: 1 | ねずみ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi ||
Compound of Old Japanese elements 火 (hi, “fire”) +‎ 鼠 (nezumi, “rat, mouse”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひねずみ [hìnéꜜzùmì] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [çine̞zɨmʲi]

#### Noun

火(ひ)鼠(ねずみ) • (hinezumi)
* a fire-rat: an imaginary creature of ancient China resembling a white rat, thought to live in the volcanoes of the South China Sea and to have fireproof fur
** 10th century: The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter
    唐土にある、火鼠の裘を給へ
       もろこしにある、ひねずみのかわごろもをたまえ
       Morokoshi ni aru, hinezumi no kawagoromo o tamae
          Get me the fur robe of the fire-rat in China...

##### Derived terms

* 火鼠(ひねずみ)の皮衣(かわごろも) (hinezumi no kawagoromo): asbestos cloth (literally, “fire-rat's fur robe”)
* 火鼠(ひねずみ)の皮衣(かわぎぬ) (hinezumi no kawaginu): asbestos cloth (literally, “fire-rat's fur robe”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 火 | 鼠 |
| か Grade: 1 | そ Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
/kwaso/ → /kaso/
From Middle Chinese compound 火鼠 (MC xwaX syoX, literally “fire rat”). Date of borrowing unknown.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かそ [káꜜsò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ka̠so̞]

#### Noun

火(か)鼠(そ) • (kaso)
* a fire-rat (see above)

##### Usage notes

The hinezumi reading is more common.

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN