# πειράζω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From πεῖρα (peîra, “trial, attempt”) +‎ -άζω (-ázō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /peː.ráz.dɔː/ → /piˈra.zo/ → /piˈra.zo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /peː.ráz.dɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /piˈra.zo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /piˈra.zo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /piˈra.zo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /piˈra.zo/

### Verb

πειρᾰ́ζω • (peirắzō)
* to make proof or trial of
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.319
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.114
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.281
** (with infinitive) to attempt to do
*** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 2.6.9
*** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Judges 6.39
*** New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 16:7
*** New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 24:6
*** 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Gout 149
*** 100 BCE – 600 CE, Anacreontea 31.24
*** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, Fragments 195
** (passive voice) are tried, proved
*** 342 BCE – 290 BCE, Menander, Monostichoi 573
*** 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Phenomena and Inferences 32
* (with accusative of person) to try or tempt a person, put them to the test
** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Genesis 22.1
** 55 CE – 56 CE, Paul the Apostle, Second Epistle to the Corinthians 13:5
** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Exodus 17.2
** New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 15:10
** 53 CE – 55 CE, Paul the Apostle, First Epistle to the Corinthians 10:9
** to seek to seduce, tempt
*** 300 BCE – 250 BCE, Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 3.10
*** New Testament, First Epistle to the Thessalonians 3:5
*** 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 16.4.24
*** 150 CE – 250 CE, Alexander of Aphrodisias, Problems 2.54
*** Cyranus, Collected Works 47
*** 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 4:1

#### Inflection

* Many authors use the forms of πειράω (peiráō) for forms other than present and imperfect.

#### Derived terms

* πειρασμός (peirasmós)

#### Descendants

* Greek: πειράζω (peirázo)

### Further reading

* “πειράζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πειράζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “πειράζω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* πειράζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* πειράζω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* G3985 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πειράζω (peirázō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [piˈɾazo]
* Hyphenation: πει‧ρά‧ζω

### Verb

πειράζω • (peirázo) (past πείραξα, passive πειράζομαι)
* (transitive, most senses) to annoy, bother, irritate, vex
    Synonym: ενοχλώ (enochló)
    Με πειράζει πολύ η φασαρία εδώ. ― Me peirázei polý i fasaría edó. ― The noise here is annoying me greatly.
    Θα σας πείραζε αν άνοιγα το παράθυρο; ― Tha sas peíraze an ánoiga to paráthyro? ― Would it bother you if I opened the window?
* (intransitive, only in the impersonal third person form πειράζει (peirázei)) matter, mind, bother
    Δεν πειράζει, έχω άλλο. ― Den peirázei, écho állo. ― It doesn't matter, I have another one.
    Όχι, δε με πειράζει καθόλου. ― Óchi, de me peirázei kathólou. ― No, I don't mind at all.
* (transitive, most senses) to hurt, bother, offend
    Synonym: πληγώνω (pligóno)
    Τα λόγια του με πείραξαν πολύ. ― Ta lógia tou me peíraxan polý. ― His words hurt me very much.
    Αυτοί είναι ήχοι που πειράζουν τ’ αυτί. ― Aftoí eínai íchoi pou peirázoun t’ aftí. ― These are sounds that offend the ear.
* (transitive) to harass, bother (sexually)
    Synonym: παρενοχλώ (parenochló)
    Δεν μπορεί να πάει πουθενά χωρίς να την πειράζουν άνδρες ανελέητα. ― Den boreí na páei pouthená chorís na tin peirázoun ándres aneléita. ― She can't go anywhere without men relentlessly harassing her.
    Έγινε καβγάς διότι κάποιος πείραξε την φιλενάδα του. ― Égine kavgás dióti kápoios peíraxe tin filenáda tou. ― There was a fight because someone bothered his girlfriend.
* (transitive) to tease, make fun of, joke, rib, kid, banter
    Synonym: κοροϊδεύω (koroïdévo)
    Μην ταράζεσαι, απλά σε πειράζει. ― Min tarázesai, aplá se peirázei. ― Don't get upset, he's only joking with you.
    Στην αρχή, πείραζαν ο ένας τον άλλον ανελέητα. ― Stin archí, peírazan o énas ton állon aneléita. ― In the beginning, they teased each other mercilessly.
* (transitive) to move, touch, tamper with (so as to annoy someone by doing so)
    Ποιος πείραξε τους δίσκους μου; ― Poios peíraxe tous dískous mou? ― Who touched my records?
    Μην πειράζεις την γάτα, θα σε γρατσούνισει. ― Min peirázeis tin gáta, tha se gratsoúnisei. ― Don't touch the cat, it'll scratch you.
* (transitive) to affect (negatively), trouble, bother, not agree with (of food)
    Αυτή η μπριζόλα που έφαγε τον πείραξε αργότερα. ― Aftí i brizóla pou éfage ton peíraxe argótera. ― The steak he ate didn't agree with him later on.
    Το κάπνισμα πειράζει στην υγεία. ― To kápnisma peirázei stin ygeía. ― Smoking harms health.
    Όχι, ευχαριστώ. Το ψάρι με πειράζει. ― Óchi, efcharistó. To psári me peirázei. ― No, thank you. Fish doesn't agree with me.
* (transitive, colloquial, usually as an adjective) to modify, change, tweak (something so it is better or more suited)
    Το αμάξι μου είναι πειραγμένο. ― To amáxi mou eínai peiragméno. ― My car is modified.
    Χρειάζομαι πειραγμένη κιθάρα διότι είμαι αριστερόχειρας. ― Chreiázomai peiragméni kithára dióti eímai aristerócheiras. ― I need a modified guitar since I am left-handed.

#### Related terms

* απείραγος (apeíragos, “unteased”, adjective)
* απείραχτος (apeírachtos, “unteased”, adjective)