# 帽

| 帽 | U+5E3D, &#24125; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E3D |
| ← 帼 [U+5E3C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 帾 → [U+5E3E] |
| 帽 | U+2F886, &#194694; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F886 |
| ← 帨 [U+2F885] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 幩 → [U+2F887] |

## Translingual
### Han character

帽 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 中月日月山 (LBABU), four-corner 4626$_0$, composition ⿰巾冒)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 333, character 19
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8971
* Dae Jaweon: page 640, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 747, character 8
* Unihan data for U+5E3D
* Unihan data for U+2F886

## Chinese

* 帽 (Cantonese)
* 帽 (Written Standard Chinese)

### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 帽
* Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
* Transcribed ancient scripts
| | Old Chinese |
| 媢 | *mɯɡs, *muːʔ, *muːɡs, *muːɡ |
| 冃 | *muːɡs |
| 冒 | *muːɡs, *mɯːɡ |
| 帽 | *muːɡs |
| 瑁 | *muːɡs, *mɯːɡs, *muːɡ |
| 賵 | *m̥ʰuŋs |
| 艒 | *mɯːɡ, *muːɡ, *muːɡ |
| 萺 | *muːɡ, *muɡ |
| 勗 | *hmoɡ |
| 勖 | *hmoɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *muːɡs) : semantic 巾 (“cloth”) + phonetic 冒 (OC *muːɡs, *mɯːɡ).

### Etymology

Wanderwort of Southeastern and Eastern Asia, thus its origin is disputed.
Possibly from Sino-Tibetan. It has been compared to Tibetan རྨོག (rmog, “helmet”) (Starostin; Sagart, 2017) and Rgyalrongic forms for “mushroom” (cf. Breton tog-touseg, literally “frog hat”), such as Japhug tɤjmɤɣ (Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).
Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) suggests an Austroasiatic derivation since this is a relatively late word and Shuowen defines 冃 (an ancient form of 帽) as “head cover” of the Southern indigenous people, which may allude to a southern origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *muuk ~ muək (“hat”), whence Mon ဒမှော် (həmok, “wide hat”) and Khmer មួក (muək), which he also connects to 鍪 (OC *mu, “metal cap; helmet”). Also compare Thai หมวก (mùuak), which Schuessler (2007) derives from the Khmer word. However, Alves (2018) considers it likely for the Proto-Mon-Khmer word to be a loan from Chinese, and Alves (2020) also suggests that the Tai forms spread from Chinese.
Often considered to be related to 冒 (OC *muːɡs, “to cover”) (Wang, 1982; Starostin), though Schuessler (2007) thinks that it may be reinterpreted as such based on parallel development of 被 (OC *bralʔ, *brals, “to cover; bedding”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): mào (mao$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄇㄠˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mao$^4$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): māo
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): māo
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мо (mo, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): mou$^{6-2}$ / mou$^6$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): maau$^{3-2}$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): mau$^5$ / mau$^{5*}$
* Gan (Wiktionary): mau$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): mo
    (Hailu, HRS): mo$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): mau$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): mau$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): māu
* Eastern Min (BUC): mô̤
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bo$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bō / mō͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bho$^7$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): maau$^6$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^6$mau
** (Jinhua): $^6$mau
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): mau$^5$ / mau$^4$
    (Loudi, Wiktionary): meu$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mào
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mào
*** Wade–Giles: mao$^4$
*** Yale: màu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: maw
*** Palladius: мао (mao)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɑʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (帽兒 / 帽儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: màor
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: màor
*** Wade–Giles: mao$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: màur
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mawl
*** Palladius: маор (maor)
*** Sinological IPA : /maʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: mao$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mao
*** Sinological IPA : /mau²¹³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: māo
*** Sinological IPA : /mau⁵⁵/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: māo
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): mao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɔ⁴⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мо (mo, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɔ⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mou$^{6-2}$ / mou$^6$
*** Yale: móu / mouh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mou$^{6-2}$ / mou$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mou$^{6-2}$ / mou$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /mou̯²²⁻³⁵/, /mou̯²²/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: maau$^{3-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /mau³²⁻³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: mau$^5$ / mau$^{5*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵐbau³²/, /ᵐbau³²⁻³²⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: mau$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /mau¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mo
*** Hakka Romanization System: mo
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /mo⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: mo$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /mo³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: mau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /mau⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: mau$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /mau⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: māu
*** Sinological IPA : /mau⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mô̤
*** Sinological IPA : /mɔ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /po²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bo$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɵ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bō
*** Tâi-lô: bō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: boi
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɤ³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /bo³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /bo²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /bo⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mō͘
*** Tâi-lô: mōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: mo
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /mɔ̃²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /mɔ̃⁴¹/
* bō - vernacular;
* mō͘ - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit帽 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /mɑu⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /mau⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /mɑu⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /mɔ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /mɔ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /mau³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /mau⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /mɔ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /mɔ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /mɔ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /mɔ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /mau³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /mau¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /mao²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /mɔ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /mɔo⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /mɔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /mau⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /mɔ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /mɔ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /mɔ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /mæ³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /mɔ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /mɜ²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /mɔ²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /mən²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /mau⁵⁵/ /mau¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /maɯ²¹/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /mɑu²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /mau⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /mo⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /mou³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /mu²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /mou³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /bo²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /mɔ²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /mau⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /bo³¹/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /mau³⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: mawH
Rime :
| Character | 帽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 莫報切 |
| Baxter | mawH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /maw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mɑu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mou$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤuk-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*muːɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 帽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | mào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ maw$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*mˁuk-s/ |
| English | hat |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 帽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8917 |
| Phonetic component | 冃 |
| Rime group | 奧 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 冃 |
| Old Chinese | /*muːɡs/ |
| Notes | 見漢賦，說文作冃 |

### Definitions

帽
* hat; cap (Classifier: 頂／顶 c)
* cap (protective cover)
    筆帽／笔帽 ― bǐmào ― cap of a pen
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism, slang) Short for 戴綠帽／戴绿帽 (“to cuckold”).

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 冠, 帽 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 帽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 帽子, 帽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 帽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 帽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 帽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 帽子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 帽子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 帽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 帽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 帽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 帽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 帽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 帽子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 帽子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 帽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 帽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 帽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 帽子, 帽兒 humorous |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 帽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 帽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 帽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 帽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 帽子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 頭帽 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 帽 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 帽 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 帽子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 帽子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 帽仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 帽子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 帽仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 帽仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 帽仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 帽 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 帽仔, 帽 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 帽 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 帽 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 帽 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 帽子, 帽兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 帽子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 帽 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 帽 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 帽, 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 帽仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Teochew) | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 帽 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 帽 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 帽 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 帽 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 帽 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 帽, 帽囝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 帽 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 帽 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 帽 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 帽子, 帽 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 帽 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 帽子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 帽子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 帽子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 帽子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 帽兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 帽子 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 帽 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 帽 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 帽子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 帽, 帽子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 帽子 |

### Compounds

* 便帽 (biànmào)
* 側帽 / 侧帽
* 傻帽兒 / 傻帽儿
* 冰帽 (bīngmào)
* 合菜戴帽
* 大帽子
* 大禮帽 / 大礼帽 (dàlǐmào)
* 孟嘉落帽
* 安全帽 (ānquánmào)
* 官帽 (guānmào)
* 小帽
* 帢帽 (qià mào)
* 席帽
* 帽T (màotì)
* 帽兒 / 帽儿 (màor)
* 帽兜子
* 帽匠
* 帽子 (màozi)
* 帽子戲法 / 帽子戏法 (màozi xìfǎ)
* 帽徽 (màohuī)
* 帽盔
* 帽簾 / 帽帘
* 帽簷 / 帽檐 (màoyán)
* 帽耳 (mào'ěr)
* 帽舌 (màoshé)
* 帽花
* 帽章
* 愁帽
* 戴帽子
* 戴綠帽子 / 戴绿帽子 (dài lǜmàozi)
* 戴高帽 (dài gāomào)
* 扣帽子 (kòu màozi)
* 摜紗帽 / 掼纱帽
* 暖帽
* 書帽 / 书帽
* 朝帽
* 氈帽 / 毡帽 (zhānmào)
* 水手帽
* 浴帽 (yùmào)
* 涼帽 / 凉帽
* 烏帽 / 乌帽
* 烏紗帽 / 乌纱帽 (wūshāmào)
* 瓜皮帽 (guāpímào)
* 瓢帽子
* 瓦楞帽
* 睡帽 (shuìmào)
* 破帽
* 破紗帽 / 破纱帽
* 禮帽 / 礼帽 (lǐmào)
* 穿靴戴帽
* 笠帽 (lìmào)
* 筆帽 / 笔帽 (bǐmào)
* 篛帽 / 箬帽
* 篛帽芒鞋 / 箬帽芒鞋
* 紅黑帽 / 红黑帽
* 紗帽 / 纱帽 (shāmào)
* 綠帽 / 绿帽 (lǜmào)
* 綠帽子 / 绿帽子 (lǜmàozi)
* 緯帽 / 纬帽
* 纓帽 / 缨帽
* 羅帽 / 罗帽
* 耳朵帽
* 脫帽 / 脱帽 (tuōmào)
* 脫帽露頂 / 脱帽露顶
* 船形帽
* 花帽
* 草帽 (cǎomào)
* 草帽緶 / 草帽缏 (cǎomàobiàn)
* 落帽孟嘉
* 蓋帽 / 盖帽 (gàimào)
* 蒴帽
* 蕃帽
* 蘚帽 / 藓帽
* 螺帽 (luómào)
* 螺絲帽 / 螺丝帽 (luósīmào)
* 衣帽年
* 衣帽間 / 衣帽间 (yīmàojiān)
* 西瓜帽 (xīguāmào)
* 豹皮帽
* 連帽衫 / 连帽衫 (liánmàoshān)
* 遼東帽 / 辽东帽
* 雨帽
* 風帽 / 风帽 (fēngmào)
* 高帽子 (gāomàozi)
* 鴨嘴帽 / 鸭嘴帽
* 鴨舌帽 / 鸭舌帽 (yāshémào)
* 黃帽 / 黄帽
* 龍山落帽 / 龙山落帽

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 帽(ぼう) (bō)
* → Vietnamese: mạo (帽)
Others:
* → Bouyei: maauh
* →? Lao: ໝວກ (mūak)
* →? Proto-Mon-Khmer: *muuk ~ muək (“hat”)
* →? Thai: หมวก (mùuak)
* → Vietnamese: mũ
* → Zhuang: mauh

### References

* “帽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 帽 |
| Kyūjitai | 帽󠄁 帽+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 帽󠄃 帽+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* cap

#### Readings

* Go-on: もう (mō)
* Kan-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)
* Kun: ずきん (zukin, 帽)、おおう (ōu, 帽う)

#### Compounds

* 脱帽(だつぼう) (datsubō)
* 帽子(ぼうし) (bōshi)
* 帽章(ぼうしょう) (bōshō)

### References

* ↑ “帽”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [mo̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [모]

### Hanja

Wikisource 帽 • (mo) (hangeul 모)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

帽: Hán Nôm readings: mạo, mão, mũ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.