OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# South African
## English
### Etymology

From South Africa +‎ -an.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌsaʊθˈaf.ɹɪ.kən/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

South African (plural South Africans)
* A person from South Africa or of South African descent.
** 1989, United States Congress Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs, United States Policy Toward South Africa: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on African Affairs, page 333:If dialogue is ever to have a chance, South Africans must find a way to turn away from violence in all its forms — the brutal violence of the sjambok

#### Hypernyms

* sub-Saharan, African

#### Translations
### Adjective

South African (not comparable)
* Of, from, or pertaining to South Africa, or the South African people.
** 1989 September 20, Janet Maslin, “Review/Film; Sutherland Catches On To Apartheid Slowly”, in The New York Times‎:Thus far, virtually every cinematic attempt to convey the outrages of South African life under apartheid has been diminished by its own good intentions and by a grim sameness that eradicates any element of surprise.

#### Synonyms

* Soufrican
* Sou'frican

#### Derived terms

* South African English
* South African ostrich
* South African Standard Time
# podwalina
## Polish
### Etymology

From podwał +‎ -ina.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔd.vaˈli.na/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [pɔ.dvaˈlʲi.na]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ina
* Syllabification: pod‧wa‧li‧na

### Noun

podwalina f
* (construction, architecture) sill, sill plate, sole plate
    Synonym: przycieś
* (figurative, literary, chiefly in the plural) rudiment, foundation
    Synonym: podstawa

#### Declension
### Further reading

* podwalina in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* podwalina in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Saloni (1899) “podwalina”, in “Lud wiejski w okolicy Przeworska”, in M. Arct, E. Lubowski, editors, Wisła : miesięcznik gieograficzno-etnograficzny (in Polish), volume 13, Warsaw: Artur Gruszecki, page 243
* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “podwalina”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 339
# normatief
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French normatif.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

normatief (comparative normatiever, superlative normatiefst)
* normative

#### Derived terms

* normativiteit

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: normatif
# 標誌
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): biāozhì, biāoshí
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄠ ㄓˋ, ㄅㄧㄠ ㄕˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): biu$^1$ zi$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phêu-chṳ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): piau-chì / phiau-chì
    (Teochew, Peng'im): biê$^1$ zi$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$piau-tsy$_5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biāozhì
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄠ ㄓˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biaojhìh
*** Wade–Giles: piao$^1$-chih$^4$
*** Yale: byāu-jr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biaujyh
*** Palladius: бяочжи (bjaočži)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$標緻 / 标致 標誌 / 标志
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biāoshí
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄠ ㄕˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: biaoshíh
*** Wade–Giles: piao$^1$-shih$^2$
*** Yale: byāu-shŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biaushyr
*** Palladius: бяоши (bjaoši)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: biu$^1$ zi$^3$
*** Yale: bīu ji
*** Cantonese Pinyin: biu$^1$ dzi$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: biu$^1$ ji$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /piːu̯⁵⁵ t͡siː³³/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$標緻 / 标致 標誌 / 标志
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phêu-chṳ
*** Hakka Romanization System: peu$^ˊ$ zii
*** Hagfa Pinyim: peu$^1$ zi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰeu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɨ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piau-chì
*** Tâi-lô: piau-tsì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piaucix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /piau³³ t͡si⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /piau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /piau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si²¹/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /piau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si¹²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /piau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si¹¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiau-chì
*** Tâi-lô: phiau-tsì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiaucix
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si²¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si¹¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: biê$^1$ zi$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pie tsì
*** Sinological IPA : /pie³³⁻²³ t͡si²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$piau-tsy$_5$
*** MiniDict: piau$^平$ tsy$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$piau-tsr$_2$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /piɔ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

### Noun

標誌
* symbol; sign; mark
* label; tag; logo

#### Synonyms

* (symbol):
* 標 / 标 (biāo)
* 標記 / 标记 (biāojì)
* 符號 / 符号 (fúhào)
* 記 / 记 (jì)
* 記號 / 记号 (jìhào)
* 記認 / 记认 (Hokkien, literary)
* (label): 標籤／标签 (biāoqiān)

### Verb

標誌
* to symbolize
* to indicate
* to mark
* to label

#### Synonyms

* (to indicate):
* 意味 (yìwèi)
* 意味著 (yìwèizhe)
* 暗含 (ànhán)
* 暗指 (ànzhǐ)
* 暗示 (ànshì)
* 蘊含 / 蕴含 (yùnhán)
* 隱含 / 隐含 (yǐnhán)

### Derived terms

* 交通標誌 / 交通标志 (jiāotōng biāozhì)
* 品牌標誌 / 品牌标志 (pǐnpái biāozhì)
* 標誌性 / 标志性 (biāozhìxìng)
* 識別標誌 / 识别标志 (shíbié biāozhì)
# Bethell
## English
### Proper noun

Bethell
* A surname.

#### Derived terms

* Bethell process
# Bronsted
## English
### Proper noun

Bronsted
* Alternative spelling of Brønsted.

#### Derived terms

* Bronsted acid
* Bronsted base
* Bronsted-Lowry acid
* Bronsted-Lowry base
# berlambat-lambat
## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* berlambat (uncommon)

### Etymology

From ber- +‎ lambat with the base word reduplicated.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /bərˌlambat ˈlambat/ [bərˌlam.bat̪̚ ˈlam.bat̪̚]
* Rhymes: -ambat
* Syllabification: ber‧lam‧bat-lam‧bat

### Verb

bêrlambat-lambat
* (intransitive) to slow, slow down (on purpose)
* (transitive) to take time, especially when done slowly
# berlambat
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From ber- +‎ lambat.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /bərˈlambat/ [bərˈlam.bat̪̚]
* Rhymes: -ambat
* Syllabification: ber‧lam‧bat

### Verb

bêrlambat
* (uncommon) Alternative form of berlambat-lambat
# منچاري ججق دالم اءير
## Malay
### Verb

منچاري ججق دالم ا$^ء$ير
* Jawi spelling of mencari jejak dalam air‎
# 万项
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 万项 – see 萬項 (“every kind of; every type of”). (This term is the simplified form of 萬項).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# vijdoniy
## Uzbek
### Etymology

From Arabic وِجْدَانِيّ (wijdāniyy). By surface analysis, vijdon +‎ -iy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wiʒ.dɒˈnij/
* Hyphenation: vij‧do‧niy

### Adjective

vijdoniy (comparative vijdoniyroq, superlative eng vijdoniy)
* related to conscience
# 拄著
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tú-tio̍h
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Philippines, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tú-tio̍h
*** Tâi-lô: tú-tio̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dw'dioih
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɤʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /tu⁵³⁻²⁴ tioʔ⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tioʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /tu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tioʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /tu⁴²⁻²⁴ tioʔ⁴³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /tu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tioʔ²⁴/

### Verb

拄著
* (Hokkien) to come across (someone or something); to encounter; to have (an accident); to meet with; to run into; to find

#### Synonyms

* 值遇 (zhíyù) (literary)
* 慘遭 / 惨遭 (cǎnzāo) (to suffer)
* 拄著 / 拄着 (tú-tio̍h) (Hokkien)
* 攤 / 摊 (to befall)
* 相拄 (Hokkien)
* 相逢 (xiāngféng)
* 相遇 (xiāngyù) (literary)
* 碰上 (pèngshàng)
* 碰到 (pèngdào)
* 碰見 / 碰见 (pèngjiàn)
* 蒙受 (méngshòu) (to suffer)
* 逢
* 遇 (yù)
* 遇到 (yùdào)
* 遇見 / 遇见 (yùjiàn)
* 遭受 (zāoshòu) (to suffer)
* 遭逢 (zāoféng)
* 遭遇 (zāoyù)

#### Derived terms

* 袂曉剃頭，拄著鬍鬚 / 袂晓剃头，拄著胡须 (bē-hiáu thì-thâu, tú-tio̍h hô͘-chhiu)
# 想欲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siūⁿ-beh / siǔⁿ-berh / siōⁿ-beh / siǔⁿ-beh / siūⁿ-boeh / siūⁿ-berh
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siūⁿ-beh
*** Tâi-lô: siūnn-beh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sviuxbeq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siũ²²⁻²¹ beʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siũ³³⁻¹¹ beʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siũ³³⁻²¹ beʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siǔⁿ-berh
*** Tâi-lô: siǔnn-berh
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siũ²² bəʔ⁵/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siōⁿ-beh
*** Tâi-lô: siōnn-beh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: svioixbeq
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɔ̃²²⁻²¹ beʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siǔⁿ-beh
*** Tâi-lô: siǔnn-beh
*** IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /siũ³³⁻²² beʔ⁵/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siūⁿ-boeh
*** Tâi-lô: siūnn-bueh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sviuxboeq
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siũ³³⁻²¹ bueʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siũ³³⁻¹¹ bueʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Kinmen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siūⁿ-berh
*** Tâi-lô: siūnn-berh
*** IPA (Kinmen): /siũ²²⁻¹² bəʔ³²/

### Verb

想欲
* (Hokkien) would like; to want; to wish to have
       Góa siūⁿ-beh cho͘ chhia. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       I'd like to rent a car.
    From: 2018, 一九四五 1945 (Theme of Raid on Takao), 滅火器 ( Fire EX.)
    tán poe-lêng-ki bōe koh lâi siūⁿ-beh khan lí ê chhiú chhiùⁿ chit tiâu loân-koa [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    When the [war]planes can't return again, I would like to take you by the hand and sing this love song

#### Synonyms

* 想要 (xiǎngyào)
* (Hakka, Hokkien) 想愛／想爱
# furdą
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /ˈfur.dɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /ˈfur.dɔm/
* Rhymes: -urdɔw̃
* Syllabification: fur‧dą

### Noun

furdą
* instrumental singular of furda
# nonce word
## English
### Etymology

From for the nonce and word. Coined by James Murray, the influential first editor of the Oxford English Dictionary.

### Noun

nonce word (plural nonce words)
* (lexicography) A word invented for the occasion; especially to create alliteration or a rhyme
** 1974, Dr. Seuss, There's a Wocket in My Pocket!, Random House:Sometimes I feel quite CERTAIN there's a JERTAIN in my CURTAIN
** 1889-1891, William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, et al., The Century Dictionary : an encyclopedic lexicon of the English language, The Century House, page 411:nonce-word (nons'wèrd) n. A word coined and used only for the nonce, for the particular occasion.

#### Synonyms

* contrivance
* logatome
* nonce
* occasionalism
* pseudoword

#### Hypernyms

* protologism

#### Related terms

* non-word

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### See also

* hapax legomenon (one attestation), dis legomenon (two attestations), tris legomenon (three attestations)
* Category:English nonce terms
* Category:Nonce terms by language

### Anagrams

* endocrown
# boli me kurac
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From boli + me + kurac. Literally, “my dick hurts”.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Central Serbia):(file)

### Phrase

boli me kurac
* (vulgar) I don't give a fuck

#### Related terms

* bmk
* puca mi kurac
* jebe mi se (see jebati)
* preko kurca

#### See also

* Bulgarian боли ме кура (boli me kura) ("my dick hurts")
* Georgian ყლეზე მკიდია (q̇leze mḳidia) ("it hangs on my dick")
* Romanian mă doare-n pulă ("it hurts in my dick")
* Polish mam to w chuju ("I have it in the dick")
# pandur
## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian pandur or Hungarian pandúr.

### Noun

pandur m (plural panduri)
* soldier

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Hungarian pandúr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pǎnduːr/
* Audio (Central Serbia):(file)
* Hyphenation: pan‧dur

### Noun

pàndūr m (Cyrillic spelling па̀ндӯр)
* (derogatory) policeman
    Synonym: policájac
* tipstaff
* (slang) redcoat (British soldier)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “pandur”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# koješta
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From koji + što.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kojěʃta/
* Audio (Central Serbia):(file)
* Hyphenation: ko‧je‧šta

### Pronoun

kojèšta (Cyrillic spelling којѐшта)
* various things, all sorts of things
    Dizajniram koješta ·- I'm designing something ·
    Ne pričajte koješta - Don't say anything.
* (derogatory) nonsense, rubbish

#### Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

### Further reading

* “koješta”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# srbenda
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Sȑb- (“Serb”) +‎ -enda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sř̩beːnda/
* Audio (Central Serbia):(file)

### Noun

sr̀bēnda f or m (Cyrillic spelling ср̀бе̄нда)
* (derogatory, familiar) Serb

#### Usage notes

* The word has connotations of primitivism and chauvinism, but also (in Serbia) of masculinity and can thus be used both positively and negatively

#### Related terms

* srbòvati (“to express Serbian national sentiment”)

#### See also

* čȅtnīk, čédo
* Vlȁh
# psycho
## English
### Alternative forms

* syko (slang)

### Pronunciation

* (UK, General Australian) IPA: /ˈsaɪ̯.kəʊ̯/
* (US, Canada) IPA: /ˈsaɪ̯.koʊ̯/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪkəʊ

### Etymology 1

Clipping of psychotic and psychopath +‎ -o (“person with characteristic”).

#### Adjective

psycho (comparative more psycho, superlative most psycho)
* (colloquial or derogatory) Psychotic, psychopathic, or (broadly) otherwise insane.
** 2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 258:That psycho jawn had snuck a pistol into the gym while we was practicing and started shooting shit up like she was some kinda hot female action hero.
** 2018, Ava Max, Madison Love, Tix, Cook Classics, Cirkut (lyrics and music), “Sweet but Psycho”, in Heaven & Hell‎, performed by Ava Max:Oh, she's sweet but a psycho / A little bit psycho / At night she's screamin' / "I'm-ma-ma-ma out my mind"

##### Translations
#### Noun

psycho (plural psychos)
* (chiefly derogatory, slang) A person who is psychotic, psychopathic, or (broadly) otherwise insane.
    Synonyms: freak, loony, nutcase, wacko
    The loony bin up on the hill is full of psychos.
** 2018, Ava Max, Madison Love, Tix, Cook Classics, Cirkut (lyrics and music), “Sweet but Psycho”, in Heaven & Hell‎, performed by Ava Max:Oh, she's hot but a psycho / So left but she's right, though / At night she's screamin' / "I'm-ma-ma-ma out my mind"
* (chiefly derogatory, slang, loosely) A person who acts in a bizarre or dangerous manner.
    Synonyms: creep, freak, loose cannon, weirdo
    She complained that he was a psycho for driving at such a high speed in heavy traffic.

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Etymology 2

Clipping of psychology.

#### Noun

psycho (uncountable)
* (informal) A class, at a college or university, in which psychology is taught.
    I've got anthro, socio, lunch, and psycho.

## Chinese
### Etymology

From clipping of English psychology.

### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): saai$^6$ ko$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saai$^6$ ko$^1$
*** Yale: saaih kō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saai$^6$ ko$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sai$^6$ ko$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːi̯²² kʰɔː⁵⁵/

### Noun

psycho
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) psychology (as a subject)

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpsɘ.xɔ/
* Rhymes: -ɘxɔ
* Syllabification: psy‧cho
* Homophone: psycho-

### Noun

psycho f
* vocative singular of psycha
# Srbima
## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

Srbima (Cyrillic spelling Србима)
* dative/locative/instrumental plural of Srbin
# Wokeistan
## English
### Etymology

From woke +‎ -i- +‎ -stan.

### Proper noun

Wokeistan
* (derogatory, politics) A country that is regarded as excessively woke.
** 2024 November 8, Kennedy, “48 hours after the election, one thing is clear... the deranged Democratic plot to sabotage Trump has already begun, warns KENNEDY”, in Daily Mail‎:In the 48 hours since President-elect Donald Trump delivered a schoolyard booty stomp to Wokeistan, one thing has become frighteningly clear: Despite unequivocal evidence of an outright MAGA romp (an electoral college avalanche, a rare Republican popular vote victory and a likely GOP-controlled Congress) left-wing lunatics are still clinging to their oat-milk latte delusions like Joe Biden to a baby's foot on Halloween.
# garrison state
## English
### Noun

garrison state (plural garrison states)
* (politics, geopolitics) A nation where military matters dominate its political and economic life, and where the military is the primary domestic influence.
# póskrzynek
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [pusˈkʂɘ.nɛk]

### Noun

póskrzynek m inan
* (Przemyśl) Alternative form of półskrzynek

### Further reading

* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “póskrzynek”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 339
# praatgraag
## Dutch
### Etymology

From praten (“to talk”) +‎ graag (“gladly, willingly”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpraːtˌɣraːx/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: praat‧graag

### Adjective

praatgraag (comparative praatgrager, superlative praatgraagst)
* loquacious, talkative
    Synonyms: spraakzaam, babbelziek, praatziek, (archaic) pratatief

#### Declension
### Noun

praatgraag m (plural praatgragen, diminutive praatgraagje n)
* chatterbox; a talkative person
    Synonyms: babbelkous, kletskous
# posmyk
## Polish
### Etymology

Deverbal from posmykać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɔs.mɘk/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [pɔsˈmɘ.ki]
* Rhymes: -ɔsmɘk
* Syllabification: pos‧myk
* Homophone: Posmyk

### Noun

posmyk m inan
* (obsolete) push (act of pushing or tipping something off the wagon)
* (obsolete) leap; advance (sliding movement forward)
* (Przemyśl, in the plural, agriculture) device on which a plough is attached when it is taken to a field
    Synonym: włóki

#### Declension
### Further reading

* posmyk in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “posmyki”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 339
# doktorica
## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* dȍktōrka (Serbia)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dôktorit͡sa/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* Hyphenation: dok‧to‧ri‧ca

### Noun

dȍktorica f (Cyrillic spelling до̏кторица)
* doctor (female)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “doktorica”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# gospođica
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡôspod͡ʑit͡sa/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* Hyphenation: go‧spo‧đi‧ca

### Noun

gȍspođica f (Cyrillic spelling го̏спођица)
* miss (usually young unmarried woman)
* (colloquial) spinster, bachelorette (unmarried woman)

#### Related terms

* gospodin (Mr.)
* gospođa (Mrs.)
* Gospod (Lord - for Jesus)
* Gospa (Lady - for Virgin Mary)

### Further reading

* “gospođica”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# Holanđanin
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xolǎːnd͡ʑanin/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* Hyphenation: Ho‧lan‧đa‧nin

### Proper noun

Holánđanin m (Cyrillic spelling Хола́нђанин)
* Dutchman

### Further reading

* “Holanđanin”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# зашто
## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzaʃtɔ]

### Conjunction

зашто • (zašto)
* because
    Synonyms: затоа што (zatoa što), бидејќи (bidejḱi), оти (oti)

#### Usage notes

* This word is often incorrectly used in the sense of "why", whereas the similar word "зошто" is reserved for that meaning.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Literally “for what”, from за (“for”) + што̏ (“what”). For the conjunction compare зато што.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zâʃto/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: за‧што

### Adverb

за̏што (Latin spelling zȁšto)
* why, what for
    зашто не? ― why not?
    зашто то? ― why so? why is that?

#### Synonyms

* (why): што̏

### Conjunction

за̏што (Latin spelling zȁšto)
* (archaic) because
# Spilosomina
## Translingual
### Etymology

Spilosoma +‎ -ina

### Proper noun

Spilosomina
* A taxonomic subtribe within the family Erebidae – many tiger moths.

#### Hypernyms

* (subtribe): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Protostomia – infrakingdom; Ecdysozoa – superphylum; Arthropoda – phylum; Hexapoda – subphylum; Insecta – class; Pterygota – subclass; Neoptera – infraclass; Lepidoptera – order; Glossata – suborder; Heteroneura – infraorder; Ditrysia – division; Cossina – section; Bombycina – subsection; Noctuoidea – superfamily; Erebidae – family; Arctiinae – subfamily; Arctiini – tribe

#### Hyponyms

* (subtribe): Acantharctia, Aethalida, Afraloa, Afroarctia, Afrojavanica, Afromurzinia, Afrospilarctia, Afrowatsonius, Alexicles, Allanwatsonia, Aloa, Alpenus, Alphaea, Amsacta, Amsactarctia, Amsactoides, Andala, Andesobia, Arachnis, Ardices, Areas, Argyarctia, Artimelia, Binna, Bucaea, Canararctia, Carbisa, Carcinarctia, Catenina, Cheliosea, Chionarctia, Chlorhoda, Cladarctia, Creataloum, Creatonotos, Cymaroa, Dasyarctia, Defreinarctia, Detoulgoetia, Diaphora, Dionychoscelis, Disparctia, Dubatolovia, Eospilarctia, Epatolmis, Epilacydes, Estigmene, Eyralpenus, Eudiaphora, Fangarctia, Fodinoidea, Fulvocompe, Hollowaya, Hollowayana, Hyarias, Hypercompe, Hyphantria, Hypomolis, Hypsocompe, Juxtarctia, Kenyarctia, Kiriakoffalia, Leichosila, Lemyra, Leptarctia, Leucaloa, Lithosarctia, Logunovium, Madagascarctia, Mallocephala, Maurica, Menegites, Metacrias, Metacrisiodes, Micralarctia, Micraloa, Microcompe, Monstruncusarctia, Murzinarctia, Murzinoria, Murzinowatsonia, Nannoarctia, Nebrarctia, Neoaloa, Nicetosoma, Ocnogyna, Olepa, Orhantarctia, Oxyptera, Palaeomolis, Pangora, Paracles, Paralacydes, Paralpenus, Paramaenas, Paramsacta, Paraspilarctia, Patagobia, Pericaliella, Phaos, Phlyctaenogastra, Phragmatobia, Poecilarctia, Popoudina, Pseudophragmatobia, Pseudoradiarctia, Pyrrharctia, Radiarctia, Rajendra, Rhodogastria, Saenura, Satara, Seirarctia, Seydelia, Sinowatsonia, Spilaethalida, Spilarctia, Spilosoma, Stenucha, Stictocompe, Streltzovia, Tajigyna, Tatargina, Teracotona, Testaptera, Toulgarctia, Ustjuzhania, Virbia, Watsonarctia – genera

### References

* Spilosomina on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Spilosomina on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Spilosomina on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# натуралка
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nətʊˈraɫkə]

### Noun

натура́лка • (naturálka) f anim (genitive натура́лки, nominative plural натура́лки, genitive plural натура́лок, masculine натура́л)
* female equivalent of натура́л (naturál, “het; natty”)

#### Declension
### Noun

натура́лка • (naturálka) f inan (genitive натура́лки, nominative plural натура́лки, genitive plural натура́лок, masculine натура́л)
* natural fodder, non-industrial dog-food or other nourishment
# pachwiną
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /paˈxfi.nɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /paˈxfi.nɔm/
* Rhymes: -inɔw̃
* Syllabification: pa‧chwi‧ną

### Noun

pachwiną
* instrumental singular of pachwina
# karpiniek
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkarpiɲi̯ek]

### Noun

karpiniek
* genitive plural of karpinka