# держава
## Kazakh

Alternative scripts :
| Arabic | دەرجاۆا |
| Cyrillic | держава |
| Latin | derjava |
| Yañalif | derçava |

### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian держа́ва (deržáva)

### Noun

держава • (derjava)
* state, power (a powerful country)

#### Declension
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dьržava, later a semantic loan from Serbo-Croatian држава / država. Cognate with Slovak dŕžava (“dependency”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dɛrˈʒava]
* Rhymes: -ava
* Hyphenation: дер‧жа‧ва

### Noun

держава (deržava) f (diminutive державка or державочка, related adjective державни)
* country, state
    Synonyms: (obsolete) країна (krajina), (obsolete) орсаґ (orsag)

#### Derived terms

* державнїк m pers (deržavnjik)
* державян m pers (deržavjan)

### Further reading

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “держава”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy

## Russian
### Etymology

First attested in 1344. Inherited from Old East Slavic дьржава (dĭržava), from Proto-Slavic *dьržava. Cognates include Ukrainian держа́ва (deržáva, “strength; estate; state (government), power”), Belarusian дзяржа́ва (dzjaržáva, “state (government)”), Old Church Slavonic дрьжава (drĭžava), дръжава (drŭžava), Bulgarian държа́ва (dǎržáva, “state (government)”), Macedonian држава (država, “state (government)”), Serbo-Croatian др̀жава (“possession; state (government)”), Slovene držȃva (“composition, content; state, power; possession”) (tonal orthography), Czech država (“possession; power, state”), Slovak dŕžava (“state, power”), Polish dzierżawa (“lease; (archaic) possession”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dʲɪrˈʐavə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

держа́ва • (deržáva) f inan (genitive держа́вы, nominative plural держа́вы, genitive plural держа́в, relational adjective держа́вный)
* state, power (a powerful country)
    Synonyms: страна́ (straná), госуда́рство (gosudárstvo), ца́рство (cárstvo), импе́рия (impérija)
    вели́кая держа́ва ― velíkaja deržáva ― a great power
* globus cruciger, orb (a globe with a cross used as a symbol of royal power)

#### Declension
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic дьржава (dĭržava), from Proto-Slavic *dьržava.

### Pronunciation 1

* IPA: [derˈʒaʋɐ]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

держа́ва • (deržáva) f inan (genitive держа́ви, nominative plural держа́ви, genitive plural держа́в, relational adjective держа́вний)
* state, country, nation

##### Derived terms

* держа́вний (deržávnyj)
* наддержа́ва f (nadderžáva)
* супердержа́ва f (superderžáva)

### Pronunciation 2

* IPA: [ˈdɛrʒɐʋɐ]
* IPA: [derˈʒaʋɐ]

#### Noun

де́ржава or держа́ва • (déržava or deržáva) f inan (genitive де́ржави or держа́ви, nominative plural де́ржави or держа́ви, genitive plural де́ржав or держа́в)
* (archaic) estate, possession
* (dated) strength
* (dated) power

##### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “держава”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “держава”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “держава”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)