# yok
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jɒk/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒk

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

yok (plural yoks)
* Alternative form of yock

#### Verb

yok (third-person singular simple present yoks, present participle yokking, simple past and past participle yokked)
* Alternative form of yock

### Etymology 2

Reversal of goy, with final devoicing.

#### Alternative forms

* Yok

#### Noun

yok (plural yoks)
* (derogatory) A non-Jew; a Gentile.
** 1979, Clive Sinclair, Hearts of Gold, Penguin, published 1983, page 43:[W]e had not only won the cup but also a great moral victory over the yoks.
** 2006, Howard Jacobson, Kalooki Nights, Vintage, published 2007, page 162:I'd been warned about just such a day, when the yoks would come with their white-boned fists and start knocking us about.

## Marshallese
### Alternative forms

* eok
* yuk

### Pronunciation

* (phonetic) IPA: [e̯okʷ]
* (phonemic) IPA: /jekʷ/
* Bender phonemes: {yȩkʷ}

### Pronoun

yok
* you (singular); thou.

### References

* Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

## Mbula
### Noun

yok
* water

### References

* Robert D. Bugenhagen, Salme E. Bugenhagen, Ro ta ipiyooto sua Mbula Uunu = Mbula-English dictionary (2007, SIL)

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* ȝocke, ȝok, ȝoke, ȝook, ȝoocke, jok, yoke, yokke
* ȝeoce, ȝocc, iuc (Early Middle English)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old English ġeoc, from Proto-West Germanic *juk, *jok, from Proto-Germanic *juką, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm.
Forms with a long vowel are either leveled from inflected forms or influenced by the verb yoken, where open-syllable lengthening took place.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jɔk/, /jɒːk/, /jɔːk/

### Noun

yok (plural yokes)
* yoke (attachment connecting animals to a farm implement).
* A yoked group of draught animals.
* (figuratively) Regulation; limits or their imposition:
** A restriction or limit; that which restrains.
** Bondage, subjection; lack of freedom.
** Marriage; the marital bond.
* Something resembling a yoke.
* (rare) A challenge, burden or load.

#### Related terms

* yoken

#### Descendants

* English: yoke (obsolete yock)
* Middle Scots: ȝok, ȝoke, ȝock, ȝocke, yok, yoke
** Scots: yoke, yock

#### References

* “yōke, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

## Tocharian B
### Etymology 1

Possibly specialized in meaning from the sense for "hair" > "hair color" > "color"; see Etymology 2 below.

#### Noun

yok m sg
* color

#### Adjective

yok (masculine singular accusative yokäṃ, masculine plural nominative yokäñ, feminine singular accusative yokäññai, feminine plural nominative yokäñña)
* colored

### Etymology 2

Uncertain. Adams speculates about the relation with the hapax legomenon in Vedic Sanskrit याशु (yāśu) etc., which he reads as "pubic hair", and Old Armenian ասր (asr, “fleece”).

#### Noun

yok n (plural yākwa)
* hair
* wool

### References

* ↑ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “yok”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 550

## Turkish
### Alternative forms

* (colloquial) yoo
* (regional) yoh, yog, yoğ

### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish یوق (yok), from Proto-Turkic *yōk. Compare Old Turkic 𐰖𐰸 (yok).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjok/, (colloquial) /ˈjoː/, (regional) /ˈjoχ/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

yok
* absent, nonexistent, not there
    Antonym: var
    Kitapta 150 sayfa yok. ― There aren't 150 pages in the book.
* prohibited, forbidden
    Synonym: yasak
    Sigara içmek yok! ― No smoking (cigarettes)!)

#### Derived terms

* hiç yoktan
* yok ananın örekesi
* yok canım
* yok devenin başı
* yok etmek
* yok pahasına
* yok satmak
* yok yere
* yok yok
* yokçu
* yoklamak
* yoksa
* yoksul
* yoksun
* yoktan var etmek

### Noun

yok (definite accusative yoku or yoğu, plural yoklar)
* something that doesn't exist
* nonexistence

#### Derived terms

* vara yoğa
* varı yoğu

### Interjection

yok
* no, nope
    Synonym: hayır

### Conjunction

yok
* Used between two contrasting conditional clauses, conveying a negative meaning to the latter, similar to yoksa.
    Verdiler, ne âlâ; yok vermediler, döner gelirsin. ― If they give it, very well; if they don't, you'll just come back.
* Used to denote sarcastic disbelief or belittlement to what someone else has said.
    Yok kâğıdı kalmamış, yok mürekkebi iyi değilmiş, hasılı bir alay bahaneler! ― He didn't have paper left, his ink wasn't good, whole bunch of excuses!

### Further reading

* “yok”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “yok”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5347

## Volapük
### Noun

yok (nominative plural yoks)
* yoke

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only