# موم
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian موم (mum, “wax; candle”).

### Noun

موم • (mum)
* wax, an oily, water-resistant, semisolid substance
    Synonym: شمع (şemʿ)
* wax-candle, a candle made of wax
    Synonym: شمع (şemʿ)
* candle or taper made with any material

#### Derived terms

* بالق مومی (balık mumu, “spermaceti”)
* بالمومی (balmumu, “beeswax”)
* قالب مومی (kalıb mumu, “mold candle”)
* موم آین (mum ayin, “asphaltum”)
* موم دل (mum dil, “soft-hearted”)
* موم مقصی (mum makası, “candle snuffer”)
* مومجی (mumcu, “maker or seller of candles”)
* مومخانه (mumhane, “manufactory of candles”)
* موملو (mumlu, “prepared with wax”)
* مومی (mumi, “waxed, waxy”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: mum

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “mum”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3302
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “موم”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 469b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “موم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1249
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Cera”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 170
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “موم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 5037–5038
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “mum”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “موم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2037

## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠*mōm⁠/). Akin to Northern Kurdish mûm (“candle”), Central Kurdish مۆم (mom, “candle”), Southern Kurdish موم (mum, “wax”), and Old Armenian մոմ (mom), an Iranian borrowing.
Further origin uncertain. Perhaps a borrowing from a Semitic language, from Proto-Semitic *māy- (“water, liquid, sap”); compare Akkadian 𒀀 (mū). The final -m could be from a plural suffix (the word being a plurale tantum in some languages) or from reduplication; compare Hebrew מים (mayim).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [moːm], [muːm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [muːm]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [muːm]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [muːm]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mum]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [muːm]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mum]

### Noun

| Dari | موم |
| Iranian Persian | موم |
| Tajik | мум |
موم • (mum)
* wax
* candle

#### Derived terms

* مومی (mumi)
* مومین (mumin)
* مومیا (mumiyâ)
* مومیایی (mumiyâyi)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: mum
* → Arabic: مُوم (mūm)
* → Bengali: মোম (mōm)
* → Crimean Tatar: mum
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: मोम (mom)
    Urdu: موم (mom)
* → Ottoman Turkish: موم (mûm)
    > Turkish: mum (inherited)
* → Turkmen: mum
* → Kyrgyz: мом (mom)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਮੋਮ (mom)
    Shahmukhi script: موم (mom)
* → Romani: mom
* → Uyghur: موم (mom)
* → Uzbek: mum

#### References

* ↑ Alexander Militarev, A complete etymology-based hundred wordlist of Semitic updated: Items 75-100, in the Journal of Language Relationhip[s]; entry 94 water, especially the Afro-Asiatic meaning of sap, liquid substance.

## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian موم (môm).

### Noun

موم • (mom) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਮੋਮ)
* beeswax, wax
* tallow

### Further reading

* “موم”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025
* Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “موم”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian موم (mōm, mūm). Compare Bengali মোম (mōm), Punjabi موم (mom).

### Noun

موم • (mom) f (Hindi spelling मोम)
* wax

## Uyghur
### Etymology

From Persian موم (mum).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mom/

### Noun

موم • (mom) (plural موملار (momlar))
* wax

### Further reading

* Schwarz, Henry G. (1992) An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN