# かま
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

* Alternative spelling
* 鎌
From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かま [káꜜmà] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ka̠ma̠]

#### Noun

かま • (kama)
* a sickle
    Synonym: サイズ (saizu)
** 1999 February 4, “ダークキラー [Dark Killer]”, in Vol.1, Konami:
    カマのように発(はっ)達(たつ)した腕(うで)を振(ふ)り回(まわ)し攻(こう)撃(げき)してくる。
       Kama no yō ni hattatsu shita ude o furimawashi kōgeki shitekuru.
       It attacks with its arms, which have grown like sickles.
* a sickle-shaped weapon, such as a polearm with a sickle-shaped blade, or a 鎖鎌 (kusarigama)
** 1999 July 5, “音(オト)女(メ) [Sonicmaiden]”, in Booster 3, Konami:
    音(おと)を扱(あつか)うのが得(とく)意(い)なオトメ。音(おん)符(ぷ)のカマを使(つか)い攻(こう)撃(げき)する。
       Oto o atsukau no ga tokui na otome. Onpu no kama o tsu kai kōgeki suru.
       A maiden proud of her ability to manipulate sound. She attacks with her musical-note-shaped scythe.
* short for 火打鎌 (hiuchigama): a striker for lighting fires (from the way that pieces of a broken kama blade were used for this purpose)
* (slang) a perverse or bent tendency or way of thinking (from the way a kama blade bends)
* (slang) a person with a perverse or bent tendency or way of thinking
* a category of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) featuring a sickle
* (woodworking) short for 鎌継ぎ (kamatsugi): a hammer-headed tenon (from the way the sickle blade sticks out perpendicular to the handle, similar to the sides of the hammer head on this kind of tenon)
* (slang) excessive talkativeness (probably by sound association with the word 喧しい (yakamashii, “noisy”))
* (slang) an excessively talkative person
* (slang) a penis (probably from the way that a sickle blade sticks out perpendicular to the handle)

##### Derived terms

* 鎌(かま)槍(やり) (kamayari): a kind of polearm with a sickle-shaped blade
* 大(おお)鎌(がま) (ōgama): a scythe
* 鎖(くさり)鎌(がま) (kusarigama): a sickle chain, a kind of weapon
* 草(くさ)刈(か)り鎌(がま) (kusakarigama): a sickle for mowing grass

##### Idioms

* 鎌(かま)が切(き)れる (kama ga kireru): “the sickle cuts well” → to do things with authority, to get things sorted quickly and efficiently, to do things crisply and tidily
* 鎌(かま)を掛(か)ける (kama o kakeru): “to apply the sickle” → to get something out of a person without them being aware (compare English to glean); to tempt someone, to draw someone out
* 鎌(かま)に掛(か)かる (kama ni kakaru): “to be caught by a sickle” → to be taken in by someone, to be fooled or tricked

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かま [káꜜmà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ka̠ma̠]

#### Noun

かま • (kama)
* area of a fish around the gills

##### Derived terms

* ぶりかま (burikama): a dish prepared from the head of 鰤 (buri, “Japanese amberjack”)

### Etymology 3

* Alternative spellings
* 釜 窯 竃 竈 缶
From Old Japanese, signifying a container for high heat and referring variously to a hearth, oven, pot, kettle; in turn from Proto-Japonic *kama. Possibly cognate with Korean 가마 (gama, “kiln; oven”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かま [kàmá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠ma̠]

#### Noun

かま • (kama)
* 釜: a rice-cooker
* 窯: a kiln, an oven
* 竃, 竈: a kitchen range
* 缶: a boiler, as for a steam engine

##### Synonyms

* (boiler): ボイラー (boirā)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN