# 履

| 履 | U+5C65, &#23653; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C65 |
| ← 層 [U+5C64] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 屦 → [U+5C66] |
| 履 | U+F9DF, &#63967; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9DF |
| ← 吏 [U+F9DE] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 易 → [U+F9E0] |

## Translingual
### Han character

履 (Kangxi radical 44, 尸+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹人水 (SHOE), four-corner 7724$_7$, composition ⿸尸復)

#### Derived characters

* 𭌆, 𭗫, 𢖓, 𱡋

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 303, character 41
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7799
* Dae Jaweon: page 602, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 980, character 3
* Unihan data for U+5C65
* Unihan data for U+F9DF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 履 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
In the bronze inscriptions, an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 眉 + 頁 (“person with prominent head”) + 止 (“foot”) + 舟 (“shoe or (shoe-shaped) boat”). Possibly 履 (OC *riʔ) is also phono-semantic (形聲 / 形声) with phonetic component 眉 (OC *mril).
According to Shuowen, ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 尸 + 彳 (“road”) + 夊 (“foot”) + 舟 (“(shoe-shaped) boat”). Possibly phono-semantic (形聲 / 形声), with 尸 (OC *hli) functioning as a phonetic component corrupted from 眉 (OC *mril). Comparing Qin bamboo slip script, Shuowen seal's 舟 was corrupted from 自, and Qin's 自 was simplified from 頁.
Modern form is a compound of 尸 + 復 (“return”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lǚ (lü$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄩˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lei$^5$ / leoi$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lî
* Northern Min (KCR): lṳ̌
* Eastern Min (BUC): lī / lṳ̄
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): li$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$li
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǚ
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: lü$^3$
*** Yale: lyǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leu
*** Palladius: люй (ljuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ly²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lei$^5$ / leoi$^5$
*** Yale: léih / léuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lei$^5$ / loey$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: léi$^5$ / lêu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lei̯¹³/, /lɵy̯¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lî
*** Hakka Romanization System: li$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: li$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /li²⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lṳ̌
*** Sinological IPA : /ly²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lī / lṳ̄
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃i³³/, /l̃y³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lí
*** Tâi-lô: lí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /li⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /li⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /li⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /li⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /li⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: li$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lí
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$li
*** MiniDict: li$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$li
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /li²³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit履 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ly²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ly²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /luei¹³/ /ly¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /li⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /li⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /li³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /li⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /l̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ly⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /li⁴⁴²/ /ly⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ly⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ni⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ny⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /li⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /li⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ly²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /zz̩ʷ²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ly⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /li⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ly⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ly²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /li³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /li⁵³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /løy³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ly³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /li³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /li⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ni⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /li²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /li³¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /lei²³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /ly²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /lei¹³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /li⁵³/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ly³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ly²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /li⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /li³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: lijX
Rime :
| Character | 履 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (15) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力几切 |
| Baxter | lijX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /liɪ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /li$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ljɪ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /li$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /li$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /li$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /li$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lei$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ijʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*riʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 履 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lǚ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lij$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]ijʔ/ |
| English | tread on; sandal |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 履 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8603 |
| Phonetic component | 履 |
| Rime group | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 履 |
| Old Chinese | /*riʔ/ |
| Notes | 說文一曰屍聲， 甲文爲眉聲 |

### Definitions

履
* shoe; footwear
* foot
* territory
* to tread on; to walk on
* to put on shoes
* to ascend the throne; to assume (a role)
* to experience; to undergo
* to fulfil; to implement; to carry out
* to carry out personally
* tenth hexagram of the I Ching

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 屨, 履, 鞋, 屣 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鞋, 鞋子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 鞋, 鞋巴兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 鞋子, 鞋 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 鞋 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 鞋子, 鞋 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 鞋 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 鞋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 鞋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 鞋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 鞋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 鞋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 鞋, 鞋鞋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 鞋子, 鞋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 鞋腳 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 鞋 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 鞋 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 鞋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 鞋子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 鞋子, 鞋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 鞋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 鞋子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 鞋子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 鞋子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 鞋子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 鞋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Chuzhou | 鞋子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 鞋 |
| Cantonese | Bangkok (Guangfu) | 鞋 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鞋子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 鞋仔 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 鞋子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 鞋, 鞋仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 鞋 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Jiexi) | 鞋 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 鞋 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 鞋, 鞋巴子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 鞋 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 鞋 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 鞋 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 鞋仔, 鞋 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 鞋仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 鞋仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Pingtian) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Sijie) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Pingle (Zhoutang) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Lechang (Tatou) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Yingde (Yuzui) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Yunan (Liantan) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 鞋 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 鞋 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 鞋 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 鞋 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 鞋 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 鞋 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 鞋 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 鞋 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 鞋 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 鞋 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Sanjie) | 鞋 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 履 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 履 |
| Waxiang | Luxi (Baisha) | 履 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 鞋子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 鞋子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 鞋子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 鞋子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 鞋子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 鞋, 鞋爿 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 鞋 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 鞋 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 鞋子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 鞋子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 鞋子 |

#### Compounds

* 三千珠履
* 不衫不履 (bùshānbùlǚ)
* 倒履相迎
* 冠履
* 冠履倒易
* 冠履倒置
* 冠履無爽 / 冠履无爽
* 冠道履仁
* 分香賣履 / 分香卖履
* 削足就履
* 削足適履 / 削足适履 (xuēzúshìlǚ)
* 劍及履及 / 剑及履及
* 劍履 / 剑履 (jiànlǚ)
* 圯橋進履 / 圯桥进履
* 如履如臨 / 如履如临
* 如履平地 (rú lǚ píngdì)
* 如履薄冰 (rúlǚbóbīng)
* 安常履順 / 安常履顺
* 屣履
* 屣履造門 / 屣履造门
* 履中行善
* 履仁蹈義 / 履仁蹈义
* 履位
* 履冰 (lǚbīng)
* 履勘
* 履尾
* 履帶 / 履带 (lǚdài)
* 履帶車 / 履带车
* 履戴
* 履新 (lǚxīn)
* 履歷 / 履历 (lǚlì)
* 履歷表 / 履历表 (lǚlìbiǎo)
* 履湯蹈火 / 履汤蹈火
* 履癸
* 履端
* 履約 / 履约 (lǚyuē)
* 履舄 (lǚxì)
* 履舄交錯 / 履舄交错 (lǚxì jiāocuò)
* 履薄
* 履薄臨深 / 履薄临深
* 履虎尾
* 履行 (lǚxíng)
* 履長 / 履长
* 履險如夷 / 履险如夷
* 履霜
* 履霜之戒
* 履霜堅冰 / 履霜坚冰
* 履霜知冰
* 席豐履厚 / 席丰履厚
* 弊履
* 戴圓履方 / 戴圆履方
* 戴天履地
* 操履
* 據義履方 / 据义履方
* 文履
* 木履
* 杖履
* 東郭履 / 东郭履
* 業履 / 业履
* 正冠納履 / 正冠纳履
* 步履 (bùlǚ)
* 步履如飛 / 步履如飞
* 步履維艱 / 步履维艰 (bùlǚwéijiān)
* 步雪履穿
* 沒海履地 / 没海履地
* 涉危履險 / 涉危履险
* 涉艱履危 / 涉艰履危
* 游履
* 潔操履 / 洁操履
* 珠履
* 監市履狶 / 监市履狶
* 福履
* 福履增綏 / 福履增绥
* 素履
* 納履決踵 / 纳履决踵
* 縰履 / 𫄳履
* 繡衣朱履 / 绣衣朱履
* 臨危履冰 / 临危履冰
* 臨深履冰 / 临深履冰
* 臨深履薄 / 临深履薄 (línshēnlǚbó)
* 臨淵履薄 / 临渊履薄
* 范履霜
* 草履蟲 / 草履虫 (cǎolǚchóng)
* 葛屨履霜 / 葛屦履霜
* 衣履 (yīlǚ)
* 賣履 / 卖履
* 賜履 / 赐履
* 跋履
* 踐冰履炭 / 践冰履炭
* 踐履 / 践履
* 蹝履
* 躧履 / 𰸐履
* 進履之謙 / 进履之谦
* 遺簪墮履 / 遗簪堕履
* 鄭人買履 / 郑人买履 (zhèngrénmǎilǚ)
* 鄭履 / 郑履
* 鄭崇履聲 / 郑崇履声
* 革履 (gélǚ)
* 章甫薦履 / 章甫荐履
* 頂天履地 / 顶天履地

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01097
* “履”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* footwear

#### Readings

* Go-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: り (ri, Jōyō)
* Kun: はく (haku, 履く, Jōyō)、くつ (kutsu, 履)、ふむ (fumu, 履む)

#### Compounds

* 履行(りこう) (rikō)
* 履修(りしゅう) (rishū)
* 履新(りしん) (rishin)
* 履践(りせん) (risen)
* 履端(りたん) (ritan)
* 履道応乾(りどうおうけん) (ridōōken)
* 履(り)約(やく) (riyaku)
* 履(り)歴(れき) (rireki)
* 履(は)く (haku): to wear (on the lower body)
* 草履(ぞうり) (zōri): zori

## Korean
### Hanja

履 (eumhun 신 리 (sin ri), word-initial (South Korea) 신 이 (sin i))
* hanja form of 리/이 (“footwear, shoes”)
* hanja form of 리/이 (“walk on”)
* hanja form of 리/이 (“tread”)

#### Compounds

* 履歷書 (이력서): curriculum vitae, resume
* 履行 (이행): implementation

## Vietnamese
### Han character

履: Hán Nôm readings: giầy, giày, lí
* footwear

#### References

* Nom Foundation