# 菖

| 菖 | U+83D6, &#33750; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83D6 |
| ← 菕 [U+83D5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 菗 → [U+83D7] |

## Translingual
### Han character

菖 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿日日 (TAA), four-corner 4460$_6$, composition ⿱艹昌)
* iris, sweet flag, calamus

#### Derived characters

* 𥛼

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1038, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31174
* Dae Jaweon: page 1496, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3233, character 12
* Unihan data for U+83D6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 昌 | *tʰjaŋ |
| 倡 | *tʰjaŋ, *tʰjaŋs |
| 猖 | *tʰjaŋ |
| 菖 | *tʰjaŋ |
| 閶 | *tʰjaŋ |
| 鯧 | *tʰjaŋ |
| 裮 | *tʰjaŋ |
| 琩 | *tʰjaŋ |
| 唱 | *tʰjaŋs |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chāng (chang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): chiŏng / chĕ̤ng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cyong$^1$ / cyeng$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhiong / chhiuⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ciang$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chang
*** Wade–Giles: chʻang$^1$
*** Yale: chāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chang
*** Palladius: чан (čan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: coeng$^1$
*** Yale: chēung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chiŏng / chĕ̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuoŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰøyŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cyong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰyɒŋ⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cyeng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰyøŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiong / chhiuⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tshiong / tshiunn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiofng, chviw
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰiũ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ³³/, /t͡sʰiũ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰiũ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰiũ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰiũ⁴⁴/
* chhiong - literary;
* chhiuⁿ - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: tsyhang
Rime :
| Character | 菖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 尺良切 |
| Baxter | tsyhang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕʰɨɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕʰiɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕʰiɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cʰɨaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕʰiaŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕʰĭaŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕʰi̯aŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | coeng$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjaŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 菖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1252 |
| Phonetic component | 昌 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 昌 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰjaŋ/ |

### Definitions

菖
* Only used in 菖蒲 (chāngpú).

### Compounds

* 唐菖蒲 (tángchāngpú)
* 白菖
* 石菖蒲 (shíchāngpú)
* 菖蒲 (chāngpú)
* 菖蒲蓮 / 菖蒲莲
* 菖蒲酒
* 菖蘭 / 菖兰 (chānglán)
* 菖鮋 / 菖鲉

### References

* “菖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “菖”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 26.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* iris (the flower)

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)

## Korean
### Hanja

菖 • (chang) (hangeul 창, revised chang, McCune–Reischauer ch'ang, Yale chang)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.