# rí
## Hungarian
### Etymology

An onomatopoeia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈriː]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -riː

### Verb

rí
* (intransitive, literary, folksy) to weep
    Synonym: sír
* (transitive, literary, folksy) to say something while weeping

#### Conjugation

With its uncommon transitive forms:

#### Derived terms

* kirí → kirívó
* riad
* rian
* riaszt
* rikácsol
* rikolt
* rimánkodik
* riog
* riogat
* ripakodik
* rivalg
* rivall
* ríkat
* rívás
* sír-rí
(With verbal prefixes):
* kirí
* lerí

### References

* ↑ rí in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* rí in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

### Anagrams

* ír

## Irish
### Etymology

From Middle Irish rí, from Old Irish rí, from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾˠiː/

### Noun

rí m (genitive singular rí, nominative plural ríthe)
* king (male monarch)
* king (in chess; in cards; in checkers/draughts)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
rí
ríthe
vocative
a rí
a ríthe
genitive
rí
ríthe
dative
rí
ríthe
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an rí
na ríthe
genitive
an rí
na ríthe
dative
leis an rí don rí
leis na ríthe :
* Superseded spelling of genitive singular: ríogh
* Superseded spelling of dative singular: rígh
* Alternative nominative plural: ríogha
* Alternative genitive plural: ríogh

#### Coordinate terms

* banríon

#### Derived terms

* iníon rí (“princess”)
* leasrí (“viceroy”)
* mac rí (“prince”)
* Nás na Ríogh (“Naas”)
* rí-ulchabhán (“eagle owl”)
* Rián (“Ryan”)
* rímháistreacht (“virtuosity”)
* ríocht (“kingdom”)
* ríoga (“royal”)
* ríshliocht (“dynasty”)
* ríúil (“kingly”)
* Ruairí (“Rory”)
* soitheach an rí (“cutter (boat)”)
* uirrí (“tributary king”)

### See also

Chess pieces in Irish · fir fichille (layout · text) :
| rí | banríon | caiseal | easpag | ridire | ceithearnach, fichillín |
Playing cards in Irish · cártaí imeartha (layout · text) :
| aon | dó | trí | ceathair | cúig | sé | seacht |
| ocht | naoi | deich | cuireata | banríon | rí | fear na gcrúb, buachaill mór |

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “rí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 46
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 96

### Further reading

* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “rí”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 567
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rí”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “rí”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “rí”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Macanese
### Etymology

From Portuguese rir.

### Verb

rí
* to laugh
    rí qui istripâ ― to split one's sides laughing (literally, “to laugh until the guts turn over”)
    nê-bôm fazê iou rí ― don't make me laugh

### References

* https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm

## Middle Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish rí, from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”), which is derived from *h₃reǵ-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /r͈ʲiː/

### Noun

rí m (genitive ríg, nominative plural ríg)
* king

#### Quotations

* c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:Boí rí amra for Laignib, .i. Mac Dathó a ainm.There was a wonderful king over the Leinstermen; Mac Dathó was his name.

#### Coordinate terms

* rígan (“queen”)

#### Derived terms

* rígad
* rígaid
* rígdacht
* rígdae

#### Descendants

* Irish: rí
* Manx: ree
* Scottish Gaelic: rìgh

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “rí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”), which is derived from *h₃reǵ-. Cognates include Sanskrit राज् (rāj, “king”), राजन् (rājan), and Latin rēx (“king”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [r͈ʲiː]

### Noun

rí m (genitive ríg, nominative plural ríg)
* king

#### Declension

Masculine g-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | rí | ríg$^L$ | ríg |
| Vocative | rí | ríg$^L$ | ríga |
| Accusative | ríg$^N$ | ríg$^L$ | ríga |
| Genitive | ríg | ríg | ríg$^N$ |
| Dative | ríg$^L$ | rígaib | rígaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Quotations

* c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 85$^d$7
    amtis forbristi ind ríg [translating principibus oppressis]when the kings were oppressed
* c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 127$^d$6
    in tan ro·mmemaid ré nAbracham forsna cóic ríga bertar Loth a Sodaimwhen the five kings who carried Lot from Sodom had been routed by Abraham

#### Synonyms

* ruiri

#### Coordinate terms

* rígain (“queen”)

#### Derived terms

* rígdae

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: rí
** Irish: rí
** Manx: ree
** Scottish Gaelic: rìgh

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “rí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language