OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# skurður
## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse skurðr, from Proto-Germanic *skurdiz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈskʏrðʏr/
* Rhymes: -ʏrðʏr

### Noun

skurður m (genitive singular skurðar, nominative plural skurðir)
* the act of cutting something
* cut, wound
    Synonyms: sár, und
* incision
* ditch, canal
* (medicine) operation
    Synonyms: uppskurður, skurðaðgerð

#### Derived terms

* afskurður (“cutting off; offcut”)
* botnlangaskurður (“appendectomy”)
* hvalskurður (“flensing”)
* líkskurður (“dissection”)
* niðurskurður (“cut, reduction”)
* skipaskurður (“navigable canal”)
* skurðaðgerð (“operation”)
* skurðarborð (“operating table”)
* skurðdeild (“surgical ward”)
* skurðflötur (“section”)
* skurðgoð (“idol”)
* skurðgrafa (“digger, excavator”)
* skurðgröftur (“ditch-digging”)
* skurðlæknir (“surgeon”)
* skurðpunktur (“point of intersection”)
* skurðstofa (“operating theatre”)
* umskurður (“circumcision”)
* uppskurður (“operation”)
* úrskurður (“decision, judgement”)
* útskurður (“carving”)
* þverskurður (“cross-section”)

#### Related terms

* skera (“to cut”)
# llaw
## Welsh
### Etymology

From Old Welsh lau, from Proto-Brythonic *llọβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlāmā (whence Irish lámh (“hand”)), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂. Cognate with English palm, Ancient Greek παλάμη (palámē, “palm; hand”), Latin palma (“palm; hand”).
Plural is literally dwy law (“two hands”), but is also used to refer to three or more hands.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ɬaːu̯/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ɬau̯/
* Rhymes: -au̯

### Noun

llaw f (plural dwylo or deulo)
* hand

#### Derived terms

* â llaw (“manual, by hand”)
* bag llaw (“handbag”)
* bys llaw (“finger”)
* curo dwylo (“to clap”)
* cymryd mewn llaw (“to take in hand”)
* deheulaw (“right hand”)
* dwylo i fyny, dwylo lan (“hands up”)
* gerllaw (“nearby”)
* gwaith llaw (“handicraft”)
* gwŷdd llaw (“hand loom”)
* hen law (“old hand”)
* islaw (“beneath”)
* llaw chwith (“left hand; left-handed”)
* llaw dde (“right hand; right-handed”)
* llaw-drin (“to operate”)
* llaw-fer (“shorthand”)
* llawdriniaeth (“surgery, operation”)
* llawfeddyg (“surgeon”)
* llawlyfr (“handbook”)
* llawredyn (“polypody”)
* llawysgrif (“handwriting, manuscript”)
* offer llaw (“hand tools”)
* rhoi llaw ar yr aradr (“to put one's hand to the plough”)
* siglo llaw, ysgwyd llaw (“to shake hands”)
* uwchlaw (“above, beyond”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
# Weißmetall
## German
### Alternative forms

* Weissmetall (Switzerland, Liechtenstein)

### Etymology

From weiß (“white”) +‎ Metall (“metal”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvaɪ̯smeˌtal/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Weiß‧me‧tall

### Noun

Weißmetall n (strong, genitive Weißmetalls, plural Weißmetalle)
* white metal

#### Hypernyms

* Metall

### References

* “Weißmetall” in Duden online
* “Weißmetall” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

### Further reading

* Weißmetall on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$
# ಬಿಲ್ಲು
## Kannada
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Kannada ಬಿಲ್ (bil), from Proto-Dravidian *wil (“bow”). Cognate with Malayalam വില്ല് (villŭ), Tamil வில் (vil), Tulu ಬಿಲ್ಲು (billu), ಬಿರು (biru), Telugu విల్లు (villu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /billu/

### Noun

ಬಿಲ್ಲು • (billu)
* a bow
    Synonym: ಧನುಸ್ಸು (dhanussu)

#### Declension

| Case/Form | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | ಬಿಲ್ಲು (billu) | ಬಿಲ್ಲುಗಳು (billugaḷu) |
| Accusative | ಬಿಲ್ಲನ್ನು (billannu) | ಬಿಲ್ಲುಗಳನ್ನು (billugaḷannu) |
| Instrumental | ಬಿಲ್ಲಿನಿಂದ (billininda) | ಬಿಲ್ಲುಗಳಿಂದ (billugaḷinda) |
| Dative | ಬಿಲ್ಲಿಗೆ (billige) | ಬಿಲ್ಲುಗಳಿಗೆ (billugaḷige) |
| Genitive | ಬಿಲ್ಲಿನ (billina) | ಬಿಲ್ಲುಗಳ (billugaḷa) |

#### Derived terms

* ಬಿಲ್ಗಾರ (bilgāra, “archer”)
* ಮಳೆಬಿಲ್ಲು (maḷebillu, “rainbow”)

## Kodava
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *wil (“bow”). Cognate with Malayalam വില്ല് (villŭ), Tamil வில் (vil), Telugu విల్లు (villu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /billɨ/

### Noun

ಬಿಲ್ಲು (billu)
* bow

## Tulu
### Alternative forms

* ಬಿರು (biru)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *wil (“bow”). Cognate with Malayalam വില്ല് (villŭ), Tamil வில் (vil), Telugu విల్లు (villu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /billu/

### Noun

ಬಿಲ್ಲು (billu) (Malayalam spelling ബില്ലു)
* bow
# ཧར
## Tibetan
### Pronunciation

* Old Tibetan: /*har/
* Lhasa: /haː(ɹ)˥˥/
* Old Tibetan:
** IPA: /*har/ (reconstructed)
* Ü-Tsang
** Tibetan pinyin: har$^f$
** (Lhasa) IPA: /haː(ɹ)˥˥/

### Adverb

ཧར • (har)
* suddenly, at once, abruptly
* exaggerating, overstating
* Abbreviation of ཧར་པོ (har po, “gaudy, loud; greedy”).

### References

* “ཧར” in The Tibetan Living Dictionary, Mandala Collections, 2021.
* Goldstein, Melvyn (2001). The New Tibetan-English Dictionary of Modern Tibetan. University of California Press, p. 1173. →ISBN
# hoondy
## English
### Noun

hoondy (plural hoondies)
* Alternative form of hoondie
# Eugralla
## Translingual

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Eugralla f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Rhinocryptidae – tapaculo, of central Chile and adjacent Argentina.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Reptilia – class; Aves – subclass; Neognathae – infraclass; Neoaves – superorder; Passeriformes – order; Tyranni – suborder; Tyrannides – infraorder; Furnariida – parvorder; Formicaroidea – superfamily; Rhinocryptidae – family

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Eugralla paradoxa (ochre-flanked tapaculo) – sole species

### References

* Eugralla on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Eugralla on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Eugralla on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Gill, F. and Wright, M. (2006) Birds of the World: Recommended English Names, Princeton University Press, →ISBN
# paràsit
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin parasītus, from Ancient Greek παράσιτος (parásitos). First attested in 1839.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [pəˈɾa.zit]
* IPA: (Valencia) [paˈɾa.zit]
* Rhymes: -it

### Adjective

paràsit (feminine paràsita, masculine plural paràsits, feminine plural paràsites)
* parasitic (drawing upon another organism for sustenance)

### Noun

paràsit m (plural paràsits)
* parasite (an organism that lives on or in another organism of a different species)
* parasite (a person who lives on other people's efforts or expense and gives little or nothing back)
    Synonym: aprofitat
* (telecommunications) interference
    Synonym: interferència
* skua

#### Derived terms

* paràsit cuaample
* parasitar
* parasitari

### References

* ↑ “paràsit”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

### Further reading

* “paràsit” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “paràsit” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “paràsit” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
# роб
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

From West Slavic, from Proto-Slavic *orbъ (“slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”). Doublet of раб (rab).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rɔp]

### Noun

роб • (rob) m (feminine роби́ня, relational adjective ро́бски)
* (also figurative) slave
* prisoner
* (figurative) servant
    Ваш поко́рен роб ― Vaš pokóren rob ― your obedient servant

#### Declension

$^1$Archaic.

#### Derived terms

* ро́бство (róbstvo)

### Anagrams

* бор (bor)

## Macedonian
### Etymology

From West Slavic, from Proto-Slavic *orbъ (“slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”). Doublet of раб (rab).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rɔp]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔp

### Noun

роб • (rob) m (plural робови, feminine робинка, relational adjective робовски, diminutive ропче)
* slave

#### Related terms

* бело робје (belo robje)
* заробеник m (zarobenik)
* заробеничка f (zarobenička)
* зароби (zarobi)
* заробува (zarobuva)
* пороби (porobi)
* поробител m (porobitel)
* поробува (porobuva)
* поробувач m (porobuvač)
* робовладетел m (robovladetel)
* робовладетелски (robovladetelski)
* робовладетелство n (robovladetelstvo)
* робува (robuva)
* ропски (ropski)
* ропство n (ropstvo)

## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rop]

### Noun

роб • (rob) f inan pl
* genitive plural of ро́ба (róba)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From West Slavic, from Proto-Slavic *orbъ (“slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”). Doublet of раб.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rôb/

### Noun

ро̏б m (Latin spelling rȍb)
* slave
# savanyú
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *čappa + -ny (nominal-forming suffix) +‎ -ú (adjective-forming suffix). Cognates include Finnish hapan and Estonian hapu. First attested in c. 1430.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃɒvɒɲuː]
* Hyphenation: sa‧va‧nyú
* Rhymes: -ɲuː

### Adjective

savanyú (comparative savanyúbb, superlative legsavanyúbb)
* sour
    Coordinate terms: édes, sós, keserű
    savanyú talaj ― acidic soil
    A tej már savanyú, ne idd meg. ― The milk is sour, don't drink it.
* (figurative, derogatory, of a person's face) dour, gloomy, sullen
    Synonyms: kedvetlen, fanyar
    savanyú képet vág ― to pull a long face

#### Derived terms

* savany (acid; back-formation, obsolete)
* savanyít
* savanykás
* savanyodik
* savanyúan
* savanyúság
* savanyú a szőlő

### Noun

savanyú (plural savanyúk)
* (colloquial) pickles, relish (pickled cucumbers, peppers, cabbage, beets, etc.; a sour garnish for meat or other dishes)
    Synonym: savanyúság

#### Declension
### See also

Basic tastes in Hungarian (layout · text) :
| édes | savanyú | sós | keserű | csípős | erős |

### References

* ↑ savanyú in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
* ↑ savanyú in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* savanyú in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# coq
## English
### Etymology

From French.

### Noun

coq (plural coqs)
* A trimming of cock feathers on a woman's hat.
** 1897, Ladies' home journal: Volume 15:[…] with a flat Tam crown of heliotrope velvet, a drapery under the brim, and two flat coq feathers.
** 1921, Millinery trade review: Volume 46:A smart all-black model has just arrived from Jeanne Due. It is turban-trimmed with black coq which forms a bow drape.
** 2010, Deborah Davis, Party of the Century:It was the Spanish rooster, the bird that produced coq feathers, that sacrificed the most plumage. Coqs, the rooster's long, curved, and iridescent tail feathers, were plucked from the bird to trim hats or, in this case, masks.

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔk
* Homophones: coqs, coque, coques

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle French coq, from Old French coc, from Late Latin coccus, from Proto-West Germanic *kokk, from Proto-Germanic *kukkaz. Cognate with English cock, Dutch kok, Danish kok, Icelandic kokkur.

#### Noun

coq m (plural coqs)
* male chicken, rooster, cockerel, cock
** 1916, “Verdun, on ne passe pas!”, performed by Eugène Joullot and Jack Cazoll:Mais tout à coup, le coq gaulois claironne: Cocorico, debout petits soldats!But out of the blue, the Gallic rooster trumpets: cock-a-doodle-do, arise little soldiers!

##### Derived terms

* cocard
* combat de coqs
* comme un coq en pâte
* coq au vin
* coq de bruyère
* passer du coq à l’âne, sauter du coq à l’âne

##### Descendants

* → Esperanto: koko (through merger with English cock)

#### See also

* poule

### Etymology 2

According to the Trésor de la langue française informatisé, the word would be borrowed in 1671, "at the time when Dutch navigation dominated", from Dutch kok, from Latin coquus. But the Dictionnaire du moyen français, referring to the attestations in 1354 and in 1491-1492, makes it a doublet of queux, directly from Latin coquus. See also feminine forms in Old French coquesse, coque.

#### Noun

coq m (plural coqs)
* (rare) a cook
    Synonym: cuisinier

### References

* ↑ Karl Michaëlsson (1958) Le Livre de la taille de Paris, l’an 1296‎ (in French), volume 64, number 4, Almqvist & Wiksell, page 1958

### Further reading

* “coq”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
* coq2 on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

## Norman
### Etymology 1

From Old French coc (“cock, rooster”).

#### Noun

coq m (plural coqs)
* (Jersey) tap

##### Derived terms

* coq à ieau caûde (“hot water tap”)
* coq à ieau fraide (“cold water tap”)

### Etymology 2

Clipping of coquelicot

#### Noun

coq m (plural coqs)
* (Guernsey) poppy

##### Synonyms

* coquelicot
# holm oak
## English
### Alternative forms

* holm-oak

### Etymology

Named from a resemblance to the holly plant, also known as holm.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈhəʊm əʊk/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈhoʊm oʊk/
* Rhymes: -əʊk

### Noun

holm oak (plural holm oaks)
* An evergreen tree, Quercus ilex, native to the Mediterranean region.
    Synonyms: holly oak, ilex

#### Translations
### Further reading

* Quercus ilex on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Quercus ilex on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
# Stamm
## German
### Alternative forms

* Stam (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle High German stam, from Old High German stam, from Proto-Germanic *stamnaz, *stamniz, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand, stay”). Cognate with English stem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃtam/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -am

### Noun

Stamm m (strong, genitive Stammes or Stamms, plural Stämme)
* tree trunk, main stem of a plant (but never used of thin stalks or twigs)
* (ethnography) tribe
* (linguistics) stem (of a word)
* (biology) phylum
* (microbiology) strain (of bacteria, etc.)

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Derived terms

* stämmig
* stammen

#### Related terms

* Bakterienstamm
* Baumstamm
* Bergstamm
* Buchenstamm
* der Apfel fällt nicht weit vom Stamm
* Eichenstamm
* Hochstamm
* Indianerstamm
* Kiefernstamm
* Kundenstamm
* Stammbaum
* Stammbelegschaft
* Stammdaten
* Stammeltern
* Stammesbewusstsein
* Stammesentwicklung
* Stammesfehde
* Stammesfürst
* Stammesgebiet
* Stammesgeschichte
* Stammesgesellschaft
* Stammeshäuptling
* Stammesreligion
* Stammesverband
* Stammeszugehörigkeit
* Stammfunktion
* Stammgast
* Stammgasthof
* Stammgeschäft
* Stammhalter
* Stammhaus
* Stammhirn
* Stammholz
* Stammkaffee, Stammcafé
* Stammkapital
* Stammkneipe
* Stammkunde
* Stammkundschaft
* Stammlager
* Stammland
* Stammlokal
* Stammmannschaft
* Stammmitglied
* Stammmutter
* Stammpersonal
* Stammplatz
* Stammprinzip
* Stammpublikum
* Stammschloss
* Stammsitz
* Stammtafel
* Stammtisch
* Stammton
* Stammvater
* Stammverzeichnis
* Stammwähler
* Stammzelle
* Stammzuschauer
* Tierstamm
* Volksstamm
* Zuchtstamm
(linguistics):
* Konsonantenstamm
* Präsensstamm
* Pronominalstamm
* Stammbetonung
* Wortstamm

### Further reading

* “Stamm” in Duden online
* “Stamm” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Stamm” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.

## Hunsrik
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃtam/

### Noun

Stamm m (plural Stämm, diminutive Stämmche)
* tree trunk
    De Baam hod en dicke Stamm.The tree has a thick trunk.

### Further reading

* Online Hunsrik Dictionary

## Luxembourgish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃtɑm/
* Rhymes: -ɑm

### Noun

Stamm m (plural Stämm)
* stem (of a plant), trunk (of a tree)
* tribe
* (biology) phylum
# Fracht
## German
### Etymology

From Middle Low German vracht, alongside vrecht. The form with -a- (see also Dutch vracht) may eventually be from Old Frisian [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fraxt/, [fʁäχt]
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Fracht f (genitive Fracht, plural Frachten)
* freight, cargo
* fare, the price paid for conveyance

#### Derived terms

* befrachten
* Frachtcontainer
* Frachtflughafen
* Frachtflugzeug
* Frachthafen
* Frachtschiff
* Frachtwagen

### Further reading

* “Fracht” in Duden online
* “Fracht” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Plautdietsch
### Noun

Fracht f
* freight

#### Derived terms

* Frachtschepp
# þunnr
## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *þunnuz, whence also Old English þynne. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ténh₂us.

### Adjective

þunnr
* thin
    Antonym: þykkr

#### Derived terms

* þunnbygðr (“thinly inhabited”)
* þunnbýlt (“thinly peopled with farms”)
* þunneggjaðr (“thin-edged”)
* þunngeðr (“weak-minded, fickle”)
* þunnheyrðr (“keen of hearing”)
* þunnhárr (“thin-haired”)
* þunnleitr (“thin-faced”)
* þunnmeginn (“weak, feeble”)
* þunnskafinn (“thin-scraped”)
* þunnskipaðr (“thinly manned”)
* þunnsleginn (“thinly beaten, thinly mounted”)
* þunnvangi (“the temple”)
* þynna (“to make thin”)

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: þunnur
* Faroese: tunnur
* Norwegian:
    Norwegian Bokmål: tynn
    Norwegian Nynorsk: tynn
* Elfdalian: tunn
* Old Swedish: þunder
** Swedish: tunn
* Old Danish: thun
** Danish: tynd
* Gutnish: tunnar
* Scanian: tynðer

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “þunnr”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 520; also available at the [https://archive.org/stream/concisedictionar001857
* page/520 Internet Archive]
# 左矢
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zuǒshǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄕˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zuǒshǐ [Phonetic: zuóshǐ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄕˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zuǒshǐh
*** Wade–Giles: tso$^3$-shih$^3$
*** Yale: dzwǒ-shř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuooshyy
*** Palladius: цзоши (czoši)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

左矢
* (linear algebra, quantum mechanics) bra
    Antonym: 右矢 (yòushǐ)
# Hülle
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German hülle, from Old High German hulla, derived from the verb hullen (whence modern hüllen), from Proto-West Germanic *hulljan, from Proto-Germanic *huljaną. Related with English hull, though not immediately cognate.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhʏlə]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Hül‧le
* Rhymes: -ʏlə

### Noun

Hülle f (genitive Hülle, plural Hüllen)
* covering, wrapping
* case, sheath
    Synonym: Hülse
* husk (useless, dried-up, worthless exterior)
* mantle (anything that covers or conceals something else)
* shell (any hollow structure; framework, or exterior structure)
* cladding (hard coating, bonded onto the outside of something to add protection)
* (aeronautics) envelope (bag containing the lifting gas of a balloon or airship)
* (chemistry) shell (set of atomic orbitals that have the same principal quantum number)
* (mathematics) closure (smallest set that both includes a given subset and possesses some given property)

#### Derived terms

* CD-Hülle f (“jewel case (CD cover)”)
* enthüllen (“to unveil, reveal”)
* Erdhülle (“geosphere”)
* Hüllblatt (“involucre”)
* hüllen (“to wrap, drape, cover”)
* Hüllenelektron (“shell electron”)
* Hüllkelch
* Hüllkurve (“envelope (geometry)”)
* Hüllwort (“euphemism”)
* in Hülle und Fülle (“in abundance”)
* Lufthülle (“atmosphere”)

### Further reading

* “Hülle” in Duden online
* “Hülle” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# rìgh
## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish rí, from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis, Wester Ross) IPA: /rˠiː/
* (Harris, Uist, Barra, Skye) IPA: /rˠui/

### Noun

rìgh m (genitive rìgh, plural rìghrean)
* (nobility, chess) king
    Bha Coinneach mac Ailpein na chiad rìgh na h-Alba.Kenneth MacAlpin was the first king of Scotland.

#### Derived terms

* 1 Rìghrean (“1 Kings, book of the Bible”)
* 2 Rìghrean (“2 Kings, book of the Bible”)
* ann-rìgh (“tyrant”)
* aon-rìgh (“monarch”)
* àrd-mhaor-rìgh (“herald, pursuivant”)
* àrd-rìgh (“supreme king, God; monarch; emperor”)
* arm-rìgh (“king-at-arms”)
* banrigh (“queen”)
* cathair-rìgh (“throne”)
* cìs-rìgh (“allegiance; excise”)
* còta preasach nighinn an rìgh (“lady's mantle”)
* currac an rìgh (“caul; kingshood in an animal's stomach”)
* Féill nan Rìgh, Là nan Trì Rìghrean (“Epiphany”)
* leas-rìgh (“regent”)
* lus an rìgh (“basil thyme calamint”)
* lus mhic rìgh Bhreatainn (“wild thyme, brotherwort”)
* maor-rìgh (“messenger at arms; king's messenger”)
* meacan an rìgh (“parsnip”)
* meacan-rìgh fiadhain (“wild parsnip; wild angelica”)
* meanbh-rìgh (“petty king”)
* mór-rìgh (“emperor”)
* rìgh-bhùth (“royal residence; royal pavilion”)
* rìgh-chathair (“throne; metropolis”)
* rìgh-chiste (“royal treasury”)
* rìgh-cholbh (“sceptre”)
* rìgh-choron, rìgh-chrùn (“royal crown”)
* rìgh-shliochd (“royal family, dynasty”)
* rìoghachd (“kingdom”)
* rìoghail (“royal; kingly”)

### See also

* bana-phrionnsa
* banfhlath
* flath
* prionnsa
Chess pieces in Scottish Gaelic · fir-tàileisg (layout · text) :
| rìgh | banrigh | tùr | easbaig | ridire | pàn |

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1940) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. I: The dialects of the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Rev. C. M. Robertson (1902) “Skye Gaelic”, in Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, Volume XXIII: 1898-99‎, Gaelic Society of Inverness, pages 54-88

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “rìgh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “rí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language