# ọkunrin
## Yoruba
### Etymology

It is proposed to be derived from Proto-Yoruboid *ɔ́-kʊ̃rɪ̃, this form remains the same in Central Yoruba dialects. Cognate with Arigidi ọkọ́ọrẹ. Akinkugbe suggests it may be equivalent to ọkọ (“man”) +‎ ẹni (“person”), compare with obìnrin. The /k/ consonant exists in the roots of many basic male terms, okó (“penis”), akọ (“male”), ọkọ (“husband”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ̄.kũ̀.ɾĩ̄/

### Noun

ọkùnrin
* man, male
    Synonym: akọ
    Iná niyì ọdẹ, ẹ̀jẹ̀ niyì oògùn; ká rógun má mà sa, òun niyì ọkùnrin ― Just as fire power is the mark of a hunter, so, blood is the mark of a true medicine; and to see a war, and not run away, is the mark of a man (an incantation to invoke bravery)
    'Mo mọ̀ ọ́ tán', ni Orò ó fi ń gbé ọkùnrin ― The conviction that one knows everything is what causes Òrìṣà Orò to carry away a man (proverb against taking danger for granted)
* manliness, bravery
    Synonym: ọkàn ọkùnrin
    a gbọ́dọ̀ ṣe bí ọkùnrin lójú ogun ― We must be brave in the battlefield

#### Synonyms

Yoruba Varieties and Languages - ọkùnrin (“man”) :
| view map; ||||||
| Language Family | Variety Group | Variety/Language | Subdialect | Location | Words |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | ọkùnrẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Rẹ́mọ | Ẹ̀pẹ́ | ọkùnrẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Rẹ́mọ | Ìkòròdú | ọkùnrẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Rẹ́mọ | Ṣágámù | ọkùnrẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀) | Òkìtìpupa | ọkùnrẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ) | Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ) | Mahin | ọkọ̀nrẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Oǹdó | Oǹdó | Oǹdó | ọkùnẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀) | ọkọ̀nrẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Usẹn | Usẹn | Usẹn | ọkànrẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Ìtsẹkírì | Ìtsẹkírì | Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | ọnọkẹ̀rẹn |
| Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Olùkùmi | Olùkùmi | Olùkùmi | Ugbódù | ọkùnrẹn |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | okùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Àkúrẹ́ | Àkúrẹ́ | okùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Mọ̀bà | Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | okùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ẹ̀gbá | Ẹ̀gbá | Abẹ́òkúta | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Èkó | Èkó | Èkó | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìbàràpá | Ìbàràpá | Igbó Òrà | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo (Òsogbo) | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Òtù | ọkọ̀nrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Ìwéré Ilé | ọkọ̀nrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Òkèhò | ọkọ̀nrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Ìsẹ́yìn | ọkọ̀nrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Ṣakí | ọkọ̀nrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Tedé | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Oǹkó | Oǹkó | Ìgbẹ́tì | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Standard Yorùbá | Standard Yorùbá | Nàìjíríà | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northwest Yoruba | Standard Yorùbá | Standard Yorùbá | Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | ɔkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Ìyàgbà | Ìyàgbà | Ìsánlú Ìtẹ̀dó | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Owé | Owé | Kabba | ọkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ (Ìdàdú) | ɔkɔ̀in |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Tchaourou | okɔ̀ín |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ǹcà (Ìcà, Ìncà) | Ǹcà (Ìcà, Ìncà) | Baàtɛ | okìin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ìdàácà | Benin | Igbó Ìdàácà (Dasa Zunmɛ̀) | olokìnrin, olokìrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí/Ìjè | Onigbolo | okìin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè | Kétu/Ànàgó | Kétu | ɔkùnrin |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | ɔnɛkĩ̀rĩ, ɔnɔkɛ̃̀ɛ̃ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Atakpamɛ | onɛkũ̀rɛ̃, ɔlokùrĩ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Boko | onɛkìrɛ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Moretan | onokɛ̃̀rẽ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ifɛ̀ | Ifɛ̀ | Tchetti (Tsɛti, Cɛti) | ɔnɔkɛ̃̀ɛ̃ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Kura | Kura | Awotébi | ɔkɛ́rɛ́ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Kura | Kura | Partago | ɔnɔkrɛ̃ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Mɔ̄kɔ́lé | Mɔ̄kɔ́lé | Kandi | inɛ̃mɔkɔ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Northern Nago | Northern Nago | Kambole | okuɛ̃ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Northern Nago | Northern Nago | Manigri | okùɛ̃ |
| Proto-Yoruba | Overseas Yoruba | Lucumí | Lucumí | Havana | ocuni |
| Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo. ||||||

#### Coordinate terms

* obìnrin

#### Derived terms

* ọkàn ọkùnrin (“bravery”)
* ọmọkùnrin (“boy”)
* ọ̀dọ́mọkùnrin (“young man, adolescent boy”)
* ọ̀gá-ilé-ìwé lọ́kùnrin (“headmaster”)
* ìfẹ́-ọkùnrin-sọ́kùnrin (“homosexuality”)

### References

* Adebayo, Taofeeq SOME DIACHRONIC CHANGES IN YORUBA GRAMMAR , 2020