# ceann
## Irish

Picture dictionary :
ceann
blaosc
inchinn
súil
srón
béal
smig
giall
cluas
uisinn
muineál :

### Etymology

From Middle Irish cenn, from Old Irish cenn (compare Manx kione), from Primitive Irish (attested in the personal names ᚉᚒᚅᚐ-ᚉᚓᚅᚅᚔ (cuna-cenni, literally “dog's head”) and ᚊᚓᚅᚑ-ᚃᚓᚅᚇᚐᚌᚅᚔ (qeno-vendagni, literally “little fair-headed one”)), from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom; compare Welsh pen, Breton penn.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /cɑun̪ˠ/
* (Galway) IPA: /cɑːn̪ˠ/
* (Mayo) IPA: /can̪ˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /cɨ̞n̪ˠ/ (corresponding to the archaic dative cionn)

### Noun

ceann m (genitive singular cinn, nominative plural cinn)
* head
* head of cabbage, capitulum
* end, extremity
* roof
* one (modified by an adjective or demonstrative, referring to an object or animal)
    Tá ceann dearg agam.I have a red one [e.g. chair].
    Feicim trí cinn ghlasa.I see three green ones [e.g. birds].
    Is mian liom an ceann sin.I want that one [e.g. toy].
* used as a dummy noun to support a number, referring to an object or animal
    Tá ceann amháin agam.I have one [e.g. chair].
    Feicim trí cinn.I see three [e.g. birds].

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ceann
cinn
vocative
a chinn
a cheanna
genitive
cinn
ceann
dative
ceann
cinn
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an ceann
na cinn
genitive
an chinn
na gceann
dative
leis an gceann don cheann
leis na cinn :
* Alternative nominative/dative plural: ceanna (Cois Fharraige)
* Alternative dative singular: cionn (archaic except in fixed expressions)

#### Synonyms

* (head of cabbage): tor
* (head, roof): cloigeann (Ulster)

#### Derived terms

* ar ceann
* ardcheannach
* blaosc an chinn
* brat cinn
* ceann cait
* ceann tíre
* ceannadhairt
* ceannaigh
* ceannaimsir
* ceannairgead
* ceannas
* ceannbhalla
* ceannbheart
* ceanncheathrú
* ceannlampa
* chun cinn
* cró an chinn
* croscheann
* éadach cinn
* faoi cheann
* focheann
* foirceann
* i gceann (“at the end of; engaged in”)
* i ndiaidh do chinn
* iomaire cinn
* Iúr Cinn Trá (“Newry”)
* Maolcheann
* mírcheann
* mórcheannach
* néarcheann
* os cionn
* rópa cinn
* siorc ceann casúir
* tinneas cinn (“headache”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 cenn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 201, page 101
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 107, page 42

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ceann”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Middle Irish and Old Irish cenn (compare Manx kione), from Primitive Irish ᚉᚒᚅᚐ-ᚉᚓᚅᚅᚔ (cuna-cenni), from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom (compare Welsh pen, Breton penn).

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis, Harris) IPA: /kʲʰãũn̪ˠ/
* (Uist, Barra, Skye, Wester Ross) IPA: /kʲʰɛ̃ũn̪ˠ/

### Noun

ceann m (genitive singular cinn, plural cinn)
* head (of a body or a group of people)
* end (the extreme part of something)

#### Usage notes

* According to context the word can denote the farthest part of anything - top of a road, bottom of a stair, a promontory, hilt of a sword etc.
    ceann a' bhocsa ― the lid of the box
    ceann na creige ― the top of the rock
* Also frequently used figuratively.
    bho cheann gu ceann ― from end to end
    an ceann greise ― after a while

#### Declension

$^✝$ obsolete form, used until the 19th century

#### Derived terms

* aig a' cheann thall (“in the long run”)
* airgead-ceann m (“reward offered for the head of a rebel or outlaw”)
* an ceann (“in the end, at the expiration of”)
* an ceann (“ahead”, adverb)
* an ceann a chéile (“together”, adverb)
* bàrr a' chinn (“crown of head”)
* buail an ceann (“occur, come to mind”)
* bun os ceann (“upside down, topsy-turvy”, adverb)
* cailleachag a' chinn duibh (“coal tit”)
* cailleachag a' chinn ghuirm (“blue tit”)
* ceann a' chnac m (“thwart-brace of a boat”)
* ceann a' chraidh m (“thwart-brace of boat”)
* ceann air chrith m (“quaking grass”)
* ceann simileir (“chimney pot”)
* ceann-achra m (“epiphany”)
* ceann-adhairt m (“pillow; bed-head”)
* ceann-aghaidh f (“forehead; countenance, physiognomy”)
* ceann-aimsir m (“date, epoch, era; term, period”)
* ceann-aimsreach m (“term-day”)
* ceann-airm m (“general, head of an army”)
* ceann-ama (“deadline”)
* ceann-aobhair m (“prime cause, first cause”)
* ceann-aodach m (“head-dress; mitre; turban”)
* ceann-àrd (“high-headed”, adj)
* ceann-armailt m (“general, commander of an array”)
* ceann-bàn a' mhonaidh m (“cotton-sedge”)
* ceann-barrach m (“jack-fish, dike”)
* ceann-bheart m (“helmet, head-piece”)
* ceann-bhiorach (“conical, pointed at the head”, adj)
* ceann-bhrat m (“canopy”)
* ceann-cinnidh (“chieftain”)
* ceann-daoraich (“hangover”)
* ceann-dubhag (“marsh tit”)
* ceann-dubhag an t-seilich (“willow tit”)
* ceann-latha (“date”)
* ceann-na-cìche (“nipple”)
* ceann-rèile (“railway terminal”)
* ceann-sgrìobhadh (“caption; motto; subject”)
* ceann-suidhe (“president”)
* ceannard (“chief, boss”)
* ceannfhacal (“headword”)
* dì-cheann (“behead”)
* gealag-dhubh-cheannach (“reed bunting”)
* gnogadh cinn (“nod”, noun)
* iar-cheann-suidhe (“vice president”)
* os cionn (“above”)
* sgarfa-cinn (“headscarf”)

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1940) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. I: The dialects of the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Rev. C. M. Robertson (1902) “Skye Gaelic”, in Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, Volume XXIII: 1898-99‎, Gaelic Society of Inverness, pages 54-88
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “ceann”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 cenn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language