# 世代
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shìdài
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ ㄉㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sai$^3$ doi$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sṳ-thoi
    (Hailu, HRS): she$^ˇ$ toi$^˖$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sié-dô̤i
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sè-tāi / sì-tāi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): si$^3$ do$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$sy-de
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shìdài
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˋ ㄉㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shìhdài
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^4$-tai$^4$
*** Yale: shr̀-dài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyhday
*** Palladius: шидай (šidaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sai$^3$ doi$^6$
*** Yale: sai doih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sai$^3$ doi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sei$^3$ doi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐi̯³³ tɔːi̯²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ-thoi
*** Hakka Romanization System: sii toi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: si$^4$ toi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵ tʰoi̯⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: she$^ˇ$ toi$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃe¹¹ tʰoi³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sié-dô̤i
*** Sinological IPA : /sie²¹³⁻⁵³ $^{(t-)}$lɔy²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sè-tāi
*** Tâi-lô: sè-tāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sea'dai
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /se²¹⁻⁴¹ tai³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /se²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /se¹¹⁻⁵³ tai³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì-tāi
*** Tâi-lô: sì-tāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sie'dai
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: si$^3$ do$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sì tō
*** Sinological IPA : /si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ to¹¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$sy-de
*** MiniDict: sy$^去$ de
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$sr-de
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩³³ de⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: syejH dojH
Rime :
| Character | 世 | 代 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (35) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 舒制切 | 徒耐切 |
| Baxter | syejH | dojH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiᴇi$^H$/ | /dʌi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɛi$^H$/ | /dəi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjæi$^H$/ | /dɒi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕiaj$^H$/ | /dəj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiɛi$^H$/ | /dᴀi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭɛi$^H$/ | /dɒi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi̯ɛi$^H$/ | /dʱɑ̆i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shì | dài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sai$^3$ | doi$^6$ |

### Noun

世代
* (literary) era; age; period; epoch

#### Synonyms

* 世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 光陰 / 光阴 (Dungan)
* 年代 (niándài)
* 年候兒 / 年候儿 (niánhour) (Beijing Mandarin)
* 年歲 / 年岁 (niánsuì)
* 年華 / 年华 (niánhuá)
* 時代 / 时代 (shídài)
* 時期 / 时期 (shíqī)
* 朝代 (cháodài)
* 歲月 / 岁月 (suìyuè)

### Adverb

世代
* (literary) over the course of several generations; from generation to generation; down through the generations; through successive generations

#### Synonyms

* 世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 仍世 (réngshì) (literary)
* 代代 (dàidài) (literary)
* 祖代 (zǔdài) (literary)
* 累世 (lěishì) (literary)
* 累代 (lěidài) (literary)

### Verb

世代
* (literary) to pass on from one generation to the next

#### Synonyms

* 承受 (chéngshòu)
* 承繼 / 承继 (chéngjì)
* 承襲 / 承袭 (chéngxí)
* 相承 (xiāngchéng) (formal)
* 繼承 / 继承 (jìchéng)

### Derived terms

* Y世代
* 世世代代 (shìshìdàidài)
* 半世代人
* 次世代 (cìshìdài)
* 跨世代 (kuàshìdài)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 世 | 代 |
| せ Grade: 3 | だい Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 世代 (MC syejH dojH). First appears in the early 1500s.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せだい [séꜜdàì] (Atamadaka – [1])
* (Tokyo) せだい [sèdáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞da̠i]

### Noun

世(せ)代(だい) • (sedai)
* generation
** 2011, Barack Obama, 中東と北アフリカに関するバラク・オバマの演説, translation of "Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa":
    そして、新(あら)たな世代(せだい)が出現(しゅつげん)した。
       Soshite, arata na sedai ga shutsugen shita.
       And so a new generation has emerged.

#### Derived terms

* 世代間 (sedaikan): intergenerational
* 世代管理 (sedai kanri): generation management
* 世代交代 (sedai kōtai): alternation of generations
* 世代間倫理 (sedaikan rinri): intergenerational ethics
* 異世代 (isedai): intergenerational, of different generations
* 新世代 (shinsedai): new-generation
* 次世代 (jisedai): next generation
* 同世代 (dōsedai): same generation, one's generation
* 異世代間 (isedaikan): intergenerational
* 次世代携帯電話 (jisedai keitai denwa): next-generation mobile phone
* 新世代コンピュータ開発機構 (shinsedai konpyūta kaihatsu kikō): ICOT
* 新世代コンピュータ技術開発機構 (shinsedai konpyūta gijutsu kaihatsu kikō): The Institute for New Generation Computer Technology
* 現役世代 (gen'eki sedai): working generation, people still working
* 白け世代 (shirakesedai): generation of young people apathetic about social issues
* 団塊世代 (dankai sedai): the babyboomers, the baby boom generation
* 第５世代コンピュータ (daigo sedai konpyūta): Fifth Generation Computer System
* 第５世代コンピューター (daigo sedai konpyūtā): the fifth generation computer
* 第４世代言語 (daiyon sedai gengo): fourth generation language
* 相対世代番号 (sōtai sedai bangō): relative generation number
* 団塊の世代 (dankai no sedai): baby boom generation

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 世 | 代 |

### Noun

世代 • (sedae) (hangeul 세대)
* hanja form of 세대 (“generation, era”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 世 | 代 |

### Noun

世代
* chữ Hán form of thế đại (“generation, era”).