OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Braunsbedraerin
## German
### Etymology

From Braunsbedraer +‎ -in.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bʁaʊ̯nsˈbeːdʁaəʁɪn]
* Hyphenation: Brauns‧be‧dra‧erin

### Noun

Braunsbedraerin f (genitive Braunsbedraerin, plural Braunsbedraerinnen, masculine Braunsbedraer)
* (demonym) a female native or inhabitant of Braunsbedra
# chonaiceadar
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* chonacadar, chnuiceadar

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ˈxn̪ˠicəd̪ˠəɾˠ/ (corresponding to the form chnuiceadar), /ˈxn̪ˠukəd̪ˠəɾˠ/, /ˈxn̪ˠɔkəd̪ˠəɾˠ/ (corresponding to the form chonacadar)

### Verb

chonaiceadar
* third-person plural past indicative independent of feic

### References

* ↑ Ó Sé, Diarmuid (2000) Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne [The Irish of Corkaguiny] (in Irish), Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann [Linguistics Institute of Ireland], →ISBN, section 537, page 279
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 262, page 133
# 賣官鬻爵
## Chinese

| | | to take bribes in exchange for granting an official title | to sell ranks |
| trad. (賣官鬻爵) | trad. (賣官鬻爵) | 賣官 | 鬻爵 |
| simp. (卖官鬻爵) | simp. (卖官鬻爵) | 卖官 | 鬻爵 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): màiguān yù jué
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄩˋ ㄐㄩㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): maai$^6$ gun$^1$ juk$^6$ zoek$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: màiguān yù jué
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄞˋ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄩˋ ㄐㄩㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: màiguan yù jyué
*** Wade–Giles: mai$^4$-kuan$^1$ yü$^4$ chüeh$^2$
*** Yale: mài-gwān yù jywé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mayguan yuh jyue
*** Palladius: майгуань юй цзюэ (majguanʹ juj czjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /maɪ̯⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵ y⁵¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maai$^6$ gun$^1$ juk$^6$ zoek$^3$
*** Yale: maaih gūn yuhk jeuk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maai$^6$ gun$^1$ juk$^9$ dzoek$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mai$^6$ gun$^1$ yug$^6$ zêg$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /maːi̯²² kuːn⁵⁵ jʊk̚² t͡sœːk̚³/

### Idiom

賣官鬻爵
* (archaic) to take bribes in exchange for granting an official or noble title
# 諳厄利亜
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 諳 | 厄 | 利 | 亜 |
| あん Hyōgai (ateji) | げ Grade: S (ateji) | り Grade: 4 (ateji) | あ Grade: S (ateji) |
| kan'on | irregular | kan'on | kan'on |
* Alternative spelling
* 諳厄利亞 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Anglia, probably from Dutch [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ã̠ŋɡe̞ɾʲia̠]

### Proper noun

諳(アン)厄(ゲ)利(リ)亜(ア) • (Angeria)
* (obsolete) England (a country in Europe)
    『諳(アン)厄(ゲ)利(リ)亜(ア)語(ご)林(りん)大(たい)成(せい)』
       “Angeria Gorin Taisei”
       (please add an English translation of this example)
# 指令
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhǐlìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˇ ㄌㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^2$ ling$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chí-lēng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐlìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˇ ㄌㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐhlìng
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^3$-ling$^4$
*** Yale: jř-lìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyylinq
*** Palladius: чжилин (čžilin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ liŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^2$ ling$^6$
*** Yale: jí lihng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^2$ ling$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^2$ ling$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː³⁵ lɪŋ²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí-lēng
*** Tâi-lô: tsí-līng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cyleng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liɪŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ³³/

### Verb

指令
* to instruct; to direct; to order

#### Synonyms

* 下令 (xiàlìng)
* 令
* 吩咐 (fēnfù)
* 命令 (mìnglìng)
* 申令 (shēnlìng) (formal)
* 著令 (zhuólìng)
* 號令 / 号令 (hàolìng)
* 責令 / 责令 (zélìng)
* 責成 / 责成 (zéchéng)
* 飭令 / 饬令 (chìlìng) (dated, usually in official documents)

### Noun

指令
* instruction; direction; order
* (computing) instruction

#### Synonyms

* (order):
* 上級給下級的指示 / 上级给下级的指示 (shàngjí gěi xiàjí de zhǐshì)
* 令
* 命令 (mìnglìng)
* 號令 / 号令 (hàolìng)
* 誡命 / 诫命 (jièmìng) (literary)

### Derived terms

* 微指令 (wēizhǐlìng)
* 指令性
* 指令系統 / 指令系统
* 指令集 (zhǐlìngjí)
* 框架指令 (kuàngjià zhǐlìng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 指 | 令 |
| し Grade: 3 | れい Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しれー [shìréé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕiɾe̞ː]

### Noun

指(し)令(れい) • (shirei)
* direction, order
* (military) command
* (military) commander

#### Synonyms

* 命令(めいれい) (meirei)

### Verb

指(し)令(れい)する • (shirei suru) suru (stem 指(し)令(れい)し (shirei shi), past 指(し)令(れい)した (shirei shita))
* to direct, to order

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 指令し | しれいし | shirei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 指令し | しれいし | shirei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 指令する | しれいする | shirei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 指令する | しれいする | shirei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 指令すれ | しれいすれ | shirei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 指令せよ¹ 指令しろ² | しれいせよ¹ しれいしろ² | shirei seyo¹ shirei shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 指令される | しれいされる | shirei sareru |
| Causative | 指令させる 指令さす | しれいさせる しれいさす | shirei saseru shirei sasu |
| Potential | 指令できる | しれいできる | shirei dekiru |
| Volitional | 指令しよう | しれいしよう | shirei shiyō |
| Negative | 指令しない | しれいしない | shirei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 指令せず | しれいせず | shirei sezu |
| Formal | 指令します | しれいします | shirei shimasu |
| Perfective | 指令した | しれいした | shirei shita |
| Conjunctive | 指令して | しれいして | shirei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 指令すれば | しれいすれば | shirei sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||
# 黨章
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dǎngzhāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄤˇ ㄓㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dong$^2$ zoeng$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tóng-chiong / tóng-chiang
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dǎngzhāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄤˇ ㄓㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dǎngjhang
*** Wade–Giles: tang$^3$-chang$^1$
*** Yale: dǎng-jāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daangjang
*** Palladius: данчжан (dančžan)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dong$^2$ zoeng$^1$
*** Yale: dóng jēung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dong$^2$ dzoeng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dong$^2$ zêng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tóng-chiong
*** Tâi-lô: tóng-tsiong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dofngciofng
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /tɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɔŋ³³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tóng-chiang
*** Tâi-lô: tóng-tsiang
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dofngciafng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siaŋ⁴⁴/

### Noun

黨章
* charter or constitution of a political party

#### Hypernyms

* 憲章／宪章 (xiànzhāng)
* 章程 (zhāngchéng)
# 逮捕證
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàibǔzhèng, dǎibǔzhèng
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ ㄅㄨˇ ㄓㄥˋ, ㄉㄞˇ ㄅㄨˇ ㄓㄥˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàibǔzhèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ ㄅㄨˇ ㄓㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàibǔjhèng
*** Wade–Giles: tai$^4$-pu$^3$-chêng$^4$
*** Yale: dài-bǔ-jèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daybuujenq
*** Palladius: дайбучжэн (dajbučžɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /taɪ̯⁵¹ pu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dǎibǔzhèng [Phonetic: dáibǔzhèng]
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˇ ㄅㄨˇ ㄓㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dǎibǔjhèng
*** Wade–Giles: tai$^3$-pu$^3$-chêng$^4$
*** Yale: dǎi-bǔ-jèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daebuujenq
*** Palladius: дайбучжэн (dajbučžɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /taɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

### Noun

逮捕證
* (law) arrest warrant

#### Synonyms

* 拘捕令 (jūbǔlìng)
# 約法
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuēfǎ
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄝ ㄈㄚˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): joek$^3$ faat$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): iok-hoat / iak-hoat
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuēfǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄝ ㄈㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuefǎ
*** Wade–Giles: yüeh$^1$-fa$^3$
*** Yale: ywē-fǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iuefaa
*** Palladius: юэфа (juefa)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛ⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: joek$^3$ faat$^3$
*** Yale: yeuk faat
*** Cantonese Pinyin: joek$^8$ faat$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yêg$^3$ fad$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /jœːk̚³ faːt̚³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iok-hoat
*** Tâi-lô: iok-huat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iokhoad
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ huat̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ huat̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak-hoat
*** Tâi-lô: iak-huat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iakhoad
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iak̚³²⁻⁵ huat̚³²/

### Verb

約法
* to use laws and regulations to constrain

### Noun

約法
* provisional constitution
# rockwarbler
## English
### Etymology

From rock +‎ warbler.

### Noun

rockwarbler (plural rockwarblers)
* A bird of the species Origma solitaria, native to New South Wales, Australia.

#### Descendants

* → Bengali: রকওয়ারব্লার (rokōẇaroblar)
# 政令
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhènglìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥˋ ㄌㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zing$^3$ ling$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chèng-lēng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhènglìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ ㄌㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhènglìng
*** Wade–Giles: chêng$^4$-ling$^4$
*** Yale: jèng-lìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenqlinq
*** Palladius: чжэнлин (čžɛnlin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ liŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^3$ ling$^6$
*** Yale: jing lihng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^3$ ling$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^3$ ling$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ³³ lɪŋ²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-lēng
*** Tâi-lô: tsìng-līng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zeangleng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liɪŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ liɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ liɪŋ³³/

### Noun

政令
* government decree (Classifier: 道 m)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 政 | 令 |
| せい Grade: 5 | れい Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [se̞ːɾe̞ː]

### Noun

政(せい)令(れい) • (seirei)
* ordinance, government decree

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 政 | 令 |

### Noun

政令 • (jeongnyeong) (hangeul 정령)
* hanja form of 정령
# taisme
## Irish
### Etymology

Uncertain. The Historical Irish Corpus has no citations earlier than the 20th century.

### Pronunciation

* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈt̪ˠæʃmʲə/

### Noun

taisme f (genitive singular taisme, nominative plural taismí)
* accident, mishap, casualty
* fluke (stroke of luck)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
taisme
taismí
vocative
a thaisme
a thaismí
genitive
taisme
taismí
dative
taisme
taismí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an taisme
na taismí
genitive
na taisme
na dtaismí
dative
leis an taisme don taisme
leis na taismí :

#### Derived terms

* de thaisme (“by chance, accidentally, by accident, by a fluke”)
* taismeach (“accidental; casualty”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ “taisme”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 353, page 121

### Further reading

* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “taisme”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 712
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “taisme”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
# návod
## Czech
### Etymology

Deverbal from navést.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnaːvot]

### Noun

návod m inan
* manual, instructions
    poskytovat návod ― to provide guidance

#### Derived terms

* návodní

#### See also

* recept
* postup
* příručka

### Further reading

* “návod”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “návod”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “návod”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# povel
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpovɛl]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

povel m inan
* command
    Synonym: rozkaz

#### Related terms

* velet

### Further reading

* “povel”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “povel”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “povel”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# stanova
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstanova]

### Noun

stanova f
* bylaw (of an organization)
    Synonym: regule

#### Usage notes

* Usually used in the plural form stanovy.

#### Related terms

* stanovit

#### See also

* vyhláška

### Further reading

* “stanova”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “stanova”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “stanovy”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Монтвіл
## Belarusian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian Мо́нтвилъ (Móntvil)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [montˈvʲiɫ]

### Proper noun

Монтві́л • (Montvíl) m pers (genitive Монтві́ла, nominative plural Монтві́лы, genitive plural Монтві́лаў) Монтві́ла • (Montvíla) f pers (indeclinable)
* a surname: Montvil

#### Declension

The feminine form is indeclinable.
$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
# 暗所
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 暗 | 所 |
| あん Grade: 3 | しょ Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あんしょ [áꜜǹshò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ã̠ɰ̃ɕo̞]

### Noun

暗(あん)所(しょ) • (ansho)
* dark place
    暗(あん)所(しょ)での撮(さつ)影(えい)
       ansho de no satsuei
       photography in dark places

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 鞍上
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 鞍 | 上 |
| あん Jinmeiyō | じょう Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あんじょー [àńjóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞ː]

### Noun

鞍(あん)上(じょう) • (anjō)
* on a horse’s saddle; (by extension) on a horse
    Synonym: 馬上 (bajō)
    Antonym: 鞍下 (anka)
** 1923, 水上滝太郎, 大人の眼と子供の眼‎, 青空文庫:
    それっきり自分(じぶん)は口(くち)をつぐんでしまったが、たった一瞬間(いっしゅんかん)にして通(とお)り過(す)ぎただけの白馬(はくば)鞍上(あんじょう)の紳士(しんし)の姿(すがた)は、一生涯忘(いっしょうわす)れられないほど爽(さわや)かに眼(め)に残(のこ)った。
       Sorekkiri jibun wa kuchi o tsugunde shimatta ga, tatta isshunkan ni shite tōrisugita dake no hakuba anjō no shinshi no sugata wa, isshō wasurerarenai hodo sawayaka ni me ni nokotta.
       I ended up holding my tongue from then on, but the image of the gentleman on the saddle of the white horse, whom I merely passed by in an instant, lingered in my mind so pleasantly that I will never forget it.
** 1941, 吉川英治, 梅里先生行状記‎, 青空文庫:
    あざやかに鞍上(あんじょう)にまたがり、すぐ馬首(ばしゅ)を立(た)てて春風(しゅんぷう)に道(みち)を求(もと)めている。
       Azayaka ni anjō ni matagari, sugu bashu o tatete shunpū ni michi o motomete iru.
       He gracefully sat astride on the saddle, immediately raised the horse’s neck, and made his way through the spring breeze.

#### Derived terms

* 鞍(あん)上(じょう)人(ひと)無(な)く鞍(あん)下(か)馬(うま)無(な)し (anjō hito naku anka uma nashi)
# חשש
## Hebrew
### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /χaˈʃaʃ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

חֲשָׁשׁ • (hashásh) m
* fear
    Synonyms: פַּחַד, אֵימָה, יִרְאָה
* concern, worry
# шруба
## Belarusian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian шрубъ (šrub), from Middle High German schrūbe, possibly via Polish śruba. Compare Russian шуру́п (šurúp).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʂruba]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

шру́ба • (šrúba) f inan (genitive шру́бы, nominative plural шру́бы, genitive plural шруб)
* bolt (metal fastener)
** 1925, Jakub Kołas, “На жалезнай дарозе”, in Крок за крокам, Minsk: ДВБ, page 35:Часта бегаў ён на жалезную дарогу паглядзець, як яго бацька падмятае, чысьціць палатно дарогі, як прабуе, ці крэпка сядзяць на шрубах гайкі.Časta bjehaŭ jon na žaljeznuju daróhu pahljadzjecʹ, jak jahó bacʹka padmjataje, čysʹcicʹ palatnó daróhi, jak prabuje, ci krepka sjadzjacʹ na šrubax hajki.He often ran to the railway to watch his father sweeping and cleaning the tracks, as well as checking whether the nuts were firmly fastened on the bolts.
* screw (metal fastener)
** 1928 [1928], Arthur Conan Doyle, translated by Кастусь Гарабурда, Глыбіня Маракота, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of The Maracot Deep, page 12:Там была чатырохкутная драўляная пляцформа са шрубамі ў кожным куту. Значыць, яна здымалася.Tam byla čatyróxkutnaja draŭljanaja pljacfórma sa šrubami ŭ kóžnym kutu. Značycʹ, jana zdymalasja.[original: There was a square wooden platform there, with projecting screws at each corner which showed that it was detachable.]There was a square wooden platform there, with screws at each corner. This meant it was detachable.

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### References

* Bulyka, A. M., editor (2017), “шрубъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 37 (чорное – ящыкъ), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 179
* “шруба”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
* “шруба” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
# ਦਰਖਾਸਤ
## Punjabi
### Alternative forms

* ਦਰਖ਼ਾਸਤ (darxāsat)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian درخواست (darxʷâst). Compare Hindi दरख़ास्त (darxāst).

### Noun

ਦਰਖਾਸਤ • (darkhāsat) m (Shahmukhi spelling درخواست)
* application, petition, request, appeal

#### Derived terms

* ਦਰਖਾਸਤੀ m (darkhāsatī, “applicant”)

### Further reading

* “ਦਰਖਾਸਤ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025
# ਫ਼ਰਮਾਨ
## Punjabi
### Alternative forms

* ਫਰਮਾਨ (pharmān) — nuqtaless form

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian فَرْمَان (farmān). First attested as Old Punjabi ਫੁਰਮਾਣੁ (phuramāṇu). Compare Hindi फ़रमान (farmān).

### Noun

ਫ਼ਰਮਾਨ • (farmān) m (Shahmukhi spelling فَرْمان)
* order, command, edict
* (historical) firman (royal decree)
    ਫ਼ਰਮਾਨ ਜਾਰੀ ਕਰਨਾ ― farmān jārī karnā ― to issue a firman

#### Related terms

* ਫ਼ਰਮਾਉਣਾ (farmāuṇā, “order”, verb)
* ਫ਼ਰਮਾਬਰਦਾਰ (farmābardār, “obedient”, adjective)

### Further reading

* “ਫਰਮਾਨ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025
# δάκνω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *denḱ- (“to bite”). Cognate with Sanskrit दशति (daśati, “to bite”), Old English ġetingan (“to press upon”), and Albanian darë.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dá.knɔː/ → /ˈða.kno/ → /ˈða.kno/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /dá.knɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈda.kno/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈða.kno/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈða.kno/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈða.kno/

### Verb

δάκνω • (dáknō)
* to bite

#### Derived terms

* ἀμφιδάκνω (amphidáknō)
* ἀναδάκνω (anadáknō)
* ἀντιδάκνω (antidáknō)
* ἀποδάκνω (apodáknō)
* δακνάζω (daknázō)
* δακνώδης (daknṓdēs)
* διαδάκνω (diadáknō)
* ἐνδάκνω (endáknō)
* ἐπιδάκνω (epidáknō)
* ἐπιδακνώδης (epidaknṓdēs)
* καταδάκνω (katadáknō)
* συνδάκνω (sundáknō)
* ὑπερδάκνω (huperdáknō)
* ὑποδάκνω (hupodáknō)

#### Related terms

* δαγκάνω (dankánō)
* δάκος (dákos)
* δῆγμα (dêgma)
* δήκω (dḗkō)
* δῆξις (dêxis)
* λαιμοδακής (laimodakḗs)
* ὀδάξ (odáx)
* σαρκοδακής (sarkodakḗs)

#### References

* G1143 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

#### Further reading

* “δάκνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* δάκνω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
# དིང་རི
## Tibetan
### Pronunciation

* Old Tibetan: /*diŋ.ri/
* Lhasa: /tʰiŋ˩˨.ʐiˑ/
* Old Tibetan:
** IPA: /*diŋ.ri/ (reconstructed)
* Ü-Tsang
** Tibetan pinyin: ting$^v$-ri
** (Lhasa) IPA: /tʰiŋ˩˨.ʐiˑ/

### Proper noun

དིང་རི • (ding ri)
* Tingri (a county of Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, China).

#### Descendants

* → English: Tingri
* → Mandarin: 定日 (Dìngrì)
** → English: Dingri

### References

* “དིང་རི” in The Tibetan Living Dictionary, Mandala Collections, 2021.
# вӯгкь
## Kildin Sami
### Etymology

From Proto-Samic *vuokē. Related to Finnish vakaa and Finnish vuoka.
Cognates include Northern Sami vuohki and Skolt Sami vueʹǩǩ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvuːɡʲkʲ/

### Noun

вӯгкь (vūgk’)
* (obsolete or dialectal) custom, tradition, common practice, rite
    о̄ллмэвӯгкь ― ōllmevūgk’ ― human tomfoolery, caper
* (obsolete) antic, caper, misdeed

#### Derived terms

* вӯгкьшэнне (vūgk’šennje)
* вӯгкешь (vūgkješ’), вӯгкьшэсь (vūgk’šes’)
* вӯгьхэмь (vūg’xem’), вӯгьхэмэсь (vūg’xemes’)
* вӯгкьлуввэ (vūgk’luvve)
* вӯгкьтуввэ (vūgk’tuvve)
* вӯгьхуввэ (vūg’xuvve)

### Further reading

* Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), “vū͕ɢ͕k͕ᴱ”, in Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
* T. I. Itkonen (1958) “'vū͕ɢ͕k͕ᴱ'”, in Koltan- ja kuolanlapin sanakirja [Skolt and Kola Sami dictionary]‎, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, published 2011, →ISBN, page 783
# dompuvan
## Coastal Kadazan
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dapuʀ.

### Noun

dompuvan
* kitchen
# тегеранський
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Тегера́н (Teherán) +‎ -ський (-sʹkyj). Compare Russian тегера́нский (tegeránskij), Belarusian тэгера́нскі (tehjeránski), Polish teherański.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [teɦeˈranʲsʲkei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

тегера́нський • (teheránsʹkyj)
* (relational) Tehran (attributive), Tehrani

#### Related terms

* Тегера́н m (Teherán)
* тегера́нець m (teheránecʹ), тегера́нка f (teheránka)

### References

* “тегеранський”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “тегеранський”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
# vakarīgākās
## Latvian
### Adjective

vakarīgākās
* locative plural feminine of vakarīgāks

### Adjective

vakarīgākās
* inflection of vakarīgākais:
** genitive singular feminine
** nominative/vocative/accusative plural feminine
# ngãi
## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* (originally Northern Vietnam, North Central Vietnam, now widespread) nghĩa

### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 義 (“righteousness”).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ŋaːj˦ˀ˥]
* (Huế) IPA: [ŋaːj˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ŋaːj˨˩˦]

### Noun

ngãi
* (South Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam, literary, obsolete) righteousness, faithfulness
** 19th century, Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, Tale of Lục Vân Tiên, line 1212
    󰒂它結󰒂情渚訴情Ngãi đà kết ngãi, tình chưa tỏ tìnhOur bond of rectitude is just freshly bound; our [mutual] affection is not even manifested yet.

#### Usage notes

* Ngãi is now almost only ever seen in place names, being completely replaced by the more common nghĩa in common vocabulary. Compare the doublet Yên Nghĩa vs. An Ngãi.

#### See also

* bất ngãi
* cắt ngãi
* đạo ngãi
* giải ngãi
* kết ngãi
* lễ ngãi
* ngãi lí
* ngãi tử
* nhơn ngãi
* tình ngãi
* vô ngãi

### Anagrams

* giãn
# tỉa
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [tiə˧˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [tiə˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [tiə˨˩˦]

### Verb

tỉa • (宰, 𢲟)
* to trim, to prune

#### See also

* bắn tỉa
* tỉa tót
# quang
## Muong
### Etymology

From Chinese 光 (MC kwang).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kwaːŋ¹/

### Adjective

quang
* (Mường Bi) clean

#### References

* Nguyễn Văn Khang, Bùi Chỉ, Hoàng Văn Hành (2002) Từ điển Mường - Việt (Muong - Vietnamese dictionary)‎, Nhà xuất bản Văn hoá Dân tộc Hà Nội

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [kwaːŋ˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [kwaːŋ˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [waːŋ˧˧]
* Homophone: Quang, quan

### Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 光.

#### Noun

quang
* light
* (colloquial) Short for quang học (“optics”).

#### Adjective

quang
* clear (of obstacles); bright

#### Derived terms

* quang đãng
* quang khắc

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

#### Noun

quang • (光, 絖)
* hanger (used to hold loads at the end of a shoulder pole)

##### Derived terms

* quang gánh