# 珍

| 珍 | U+73CD, &#29645; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-73CD |
| ← 珌 [U+73CC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 珎 → [U+73CE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

珍 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一土人竹竹 (MGOHH), four-corner 1812$_2$, composition ⿰𤣩㐱)

#### Derived characters

* 𠗰, 𣹗, 𫳚, 𮅢, 𮢝, 𦾂

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 730, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20920
* Dae Jaweon: page 1141, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1107, character 9
* Unihan data for U+73CD

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 沴 | *rɯːls |
| 趁 | *nlanʔ, *l̥ʰɯns, *l'ɯn |
| 紾 | *ʔl'anʔ, *kljɯnʔ |
| 跈 | *nlɯːnʔ, *l'ɯːnʔ |
| 殄 | *l'ɯːnʔ |
| 抮 | *hlɯːnʔ |
| 駗 | *rɯn, *kljɯnʔ |
| 珍 | *ʔl'ɯn |
| 診 | *l'ɯns, *kljɯnʔ |
| 畛 | *kljɯn, *kljɯnʔ |
| 疹 | *kljɯnʔ |
| 軫 | *kljɯnʔ |
| 胗 | *kljɯnʔ, *klɯnʔ |
| 袗 | *kljɯnʔ, *kljɯns |
| 眕 | *kljɯnʔ |
| 飻 | *l̥ʰɯːd |
| 餮 | *r̥ʰɯːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔl'ɯn) : semantic 玉 + phonetic 㐱. Originally meant a rich, robust gemstone (玉), and then also developed the meaning of "rare".

### Etymology 1

Compare Tibetan རིན (rin, “price; value”) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhēn (zhen$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zan$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zin$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂n
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zen$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dĭng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tin / chin
    (Teochew, Peng'im): diêng$^1$ / diang$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tsen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhen
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^1$
*** Yale: jēn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jen
*** Palladius: чжэнь (čžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zan$^1$
*** Yale: jān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sin³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂n
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sən⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /tiŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tin
*** Tâi-lô: tin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dyn
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tin³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chin
*** Tâi-lô: tsin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cyn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sin⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: diêng$^1$ / diang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tieng / tiang
*** Sinological IPA : /tieŋ³³/, /tiaŋ³³/
* diêng1 - Chaozhou;
* diang1 - Shantou.
* Middle Chinese: trin
Rime :
| Character | 珍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (44) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 陟鄰切 |
| Baxter | trin |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈˠiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈᵚin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶien/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈjin/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶjĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶǐĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhēn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zan$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*trə[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'ɯn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 珍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhēn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ trin › |
| Old Chinese | /*trə[n]/ |
| English | precious thing |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 珍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17091 |
| Phonetic component | 疹 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 珍 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔl'ɯn/ |

#### Definitions

珍
* treasure
* precious; valuable; rare
* to treasure; to value

#### Compounds

* 什襲珍藏 / 什袭珍藏
* 八珍 (bāzhēn)
* 八珍鹹粥 / 八珍咸粥
* 和隋之珍
* 奇珍 (qízhēn)
* 奇珍異寶 / 奇珍异宝 (qízhēnyìbǎo)
* 奇珍異物 / 奇珍异物
* 如數家珍 / 如数家珍
* 如獲珍寶 / 如获珍宝
* 家珍
* 山珍海味 (shānzhēnhǎiwèi)
* 山珍海錯 / 山珍海错 (shānzhēnhǎicuò)
* 希世之珍
* 席上之珍
* 席珍
* 席珍待聘
* 弊帚自珍
* 彌足珍貴 / 弥足珍贵 (mízúzhēnguì)
* 抱寶懷珍 / 抱宝怀珍
* 敝屣自珍
* 敝帚自珍 (bìzhǒuzìzhēn)
* 永珍 (Yǒngzhēn)
* 珍同拱璧
* 珍味 (zhēnwèi)
* 珍品 (zhēnpǐn)
* 珍奇 (zhēnqí)
* 珍寶 / 珍宝 (zhēnbǎo)
* 珍怪
* 珍惜 (zhēnxī)
* 珍愛 / 珍爱 (zhēn'ài)
* 珍攝 / 珍摄 (zhēnshè)
* 珍本 (zhēnběn)
* 珍物
* 珍獸 / 珍兽 (zhēnshòu)
* 珍玩 (zhēnwán)
* 珍珠 (zhēnzhū)
* 珍珠丸子
* 珍珠塔
* 珍珠婚
* 珍珠母 (zhēnzhūmǔ)
* 珍珠港 (Zhēnzhūgǎng)
* 珍珠米
* 珍珠貝 / 珍珠贝
* 珍珠雞 / 珍珠鸡 (zhēnzhūjī)
* 珍異 / 珍异
* 珍祕 / 珍秘
* 珍視 / 珍视 (zhēnshì)
* 珍禽
* 珍禽奇獸 / 珍禽奇兽
* 珍禽異獸 / 珍禽异兽 (zhēnqínyìshòu)
* 珍稀 (zhēnxī)
* 珍羞
* 珍羞異饌 / 珍羞异馔
* 珍羞美味
* 珍聞 / 珍闻
* 珍藏 (zhēncáng)
* 珍藏密斂 / 珍藏密敛
* 珍貴 / 珍贵 (zhēnguì)
* 珍賞 / 珍赏
* 珍道具
* 珍郵 / 珍邮
* 珍重 (zhēnzhòng)
* 珍錯 / 珍错
* 珍餚 / 珍肴
* 珍饈 / 珍馐 (zhēnxiū)
* 珍饈佳餚 / 珍馐佳肴
* 珍饈百味 / 珍馐百味
* 異寶奇珍 / 异宝奇珍
* 稀世珍寶 / 稀世珍宝 (xīshìzhēnbǎo)
* 聚珍版
* 自珍
* 若數家珍 / 若数家珍
* 袖珍 (xiùzhēn)
* 袖珍本 (xiùzhēnběn)
* 連城之珍 / 连城之珍
* 餘珍璧謝 / 余珍璧谢
* 黑珍珠

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tiⁿ
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dvy
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tĩ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tĩ⁴⁴/

#### Definitions

珍
* (Hokkien) Alternative form of 甜 (tiⁿ, “sweet”)

### References

* “珍”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* (Min Nan) 厦门大学中国语言文学研究所汉语方言研究室, editor (1982), “珍”, in 《普通话闽南方言词典》 Putonghua Minnan Fangyan Cidian, Fuzhou: Fujian People's Publishing House, page 995.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ちん (chin, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ちん (chin, Jōyō)
* Kun: めずらしい (mezurashii, 珍しい, Jōyō)、うず (uzu, 珍)
* Nanori: たから (takara)、じん (jin)、めずらし (mezurashi)

#### Compounds

* 珍語(ちんご) (chingo, “rare word, unusual word”)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 珍
* ちん Grade: S
* goon
From Middle Chinese 珍 (MC trin, “treasure, precious thing”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ちん [chíꜜǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [t͡ɕĩɴ]

#### Adjective

珍(ちん) • (chin) -na (adnominal 珍(ちん)な (chin na), adverbial 珍(ちん)に (chin ni))
* rare, strange

##### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 珍だろ | ちんだろ | chin daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 珍で | ちんで | chin de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 珍だ | ちんだ | chin da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 珍な | ちんな | chin na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 珍なら | ちんなら | chin nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 珍であれ | ちんであれ | chin de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 珍ではない 珍じゃない | ちんではない ちんじゃない | chin de wa nai chin ja nai |
| Informal past | 珍だった | ちんだった | chin datta |
| Informal negative past | 珍ではなかった 珍じゃなかった | ちんではなかった ちんじゃなかった | chin de wa nakatta chin ja nakatta |
| Formal | 珍です | ちんです | chin desu |
| Formal negative | 珍ではありません 珍じゃありません | ちんではありません ちんじゃありません | chin de wa arimasen chin ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 珍でした | ちんでした | chin deshita |
| Formal negative past | 珍ではありませんでした 珍じゃありませんでした | ちんではありませんでした ちんじゃありませんでした | chin de wa arimasen deshita chin ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 珍で | ちんで | chin de |
| Conditional | 珍なら（ば） | ちんなら（ば） | chin nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 珍だったら | ちんだったら | chin dattara |
| Volitional | 珍だろう | ちんだろう | chin darō |
| Adverbial | 珍に | ちんに | chin ni |
| Degree | 珍さ | ちんさ | chinsa |

#### Noun

珍(ちん) • (chin)
* rarity

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 珍
* めずらし Grade: S
* nanori
From the Old Japanese and classical Japanese 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal or sentence-ending form”) of modern adjective 珍しい (mesurashii, “novel, curious, rare”).
Perhaps fittingly, the name itself is unusual.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [me̞zɨɾa̠ɕi]

#### Proper noun

珍(めずらし) • (Mezurashi)
* a surname

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕin]
* Phonetic hangul: [진]

### Hanja

Wikisource 珍 (eumhun 보배 진 (bobae jin))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 減價 (감가, )
* 珍景 (진경, )
* 珍貴 (진귀, )
* 珍器 (진기, )
* 珍奇 (진기, )
* 珍技 (진기, )
* 珍味 (진미, )
* 珍羞盛饌 (진수성찬, )
* 珍珠 (진주, jinju)
* 珍風景 (진풍경, )
* 袖珍本 (수진본, )

## Vietnamese
### Han character

珍: Hán Nôm readings: trân, trằn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.