# վարուժան
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian վարուժան (varužan).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /vɑɾuˈʒɑn/, [vɑɾuʒɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /vɑɾuˈʒɑn/, [vɑɾuʒɑ́n]

### Noun

վարուժան • (varužan)
* the male of any bird, cock

#### Derived terms

* Վարուժան (Varužan)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

An Iranian borrowing, but the details are uncertain. Often connected with Persian ورشان (varašân), ورش (varaš, “turtle-dove, wood-pigeon”), but that is an Arabic borrowing. Périkhanian derives from unattested Parthian *vārōžan, from Old Iranian *vār-auǰana- (“emitting seminal fluid; male”); for the first part see Sanskrit वार् (vār, “water”), for the second part see նժոյգ (nžoyg). Martirosyan derives from Iranian *vāram-ǰan, containing *ǰánti (“to strike, kill, slay”); in this case cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬭𐬆𐬔𐬀𐬥 (vār$^ə$gan, “the name of a bird of prey”), Sogdian [script needed] (wʾrγnʾk, “falcon”).

### Noun

վարուժան • (varužan)
* the male of any bird, cock
** 5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).31.2–3:Բարոյախաւսն ասէ զագռաւէ, եթէ միայնայր է։ Եւ թէ մեռանի վարուժանն, էգն յայլ վարուժան չհպի։Baroyaxawsn asē zagṙawē, etʻē miaynayr ē. Ew tʻē meṙani varužann, ēgn yayl varužan čʻhpi.Translation by Gohar MuradyanPhysiologus says about the crow that it is monogamous, and if the male dies, the female does not touch other male.
** 5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).32.2–3:Բարոյախաւսն ասէ զտատրակէ, թէ մեկնի գնայ առանձինն յանապատ տեղիս եւ ուրոյն կեալ սիրէ եւ ի մէջ բազում վարուժանաց չկամի բնակել։Baroyaxawsn asē ztatrakē, tʻē mekni gnay aṙanjinn yanapat tełis ew uroyn keal sirē ew i mēǰ bazum varužanacʻ čʻkami bnakel.Translation by Gohar MuradyanPhysiologus says about the turtle-dove that it goes separately to desert places. And it likes to live alone and does not want to dwell among many males.

#### Derived terms

* վարժանակ (varžanak)
* վարժնականիշ (varžnakaniš)
* վարուժանակ (varužanak)
* վարուժնակ (varužnak)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: վարուժան (varužan) (learned)

### References

* ↑ Perixanjan, A. G. (1993) Материалы к этимологическому словарю древнеармянского языка. Часть I [Materials for the Etymological Dictionary of the Old Armenian Language. Part 1]‎ (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 69–70
* ↑ de Vaan, Michiel (2003) Beekes, R.S.P., Lubotsky, A., Weitenberg, J.J.S., editors, The Avestan Vowels (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 12), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 183, footnote 137
* ↑ Marr, N. (1904) Тексты и разыскания по армяно-грузинской филологии. Книга VI. Физиолог. Армяно-грузинский извод [Texts and research in Armenian–Georgian philology. Book VI. Physiologus. Armenian–Georgian recension] (Издания Факультета восточных языков Императорского С.-Петербургского университета; 5), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 39
* 1 2 Muradyan, Gohar (2005) Physiologus: The Greek and Armenian Versions with a Study of Translation Technique (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 6)‎, Leuven – Paris – Dudley: Peeters, pages 135, 136, 160, 161

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “վարուժան”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 323–324
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “վարուժան”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Greppin, John A. C. (1978) Classical and Middle Armenian bird names: A linguistic, taxonomic, and mythological study, Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, pages 65–67
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “վարուժան”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy