# धैर्य
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धैर्य (dhairya).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /d̪ʱɛːɾ.jᵊ/

### Noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) m (Urdu spelling دَھیرْیَہ)
* (formal) patience, calmness
    धैर्य रखना ― dhairya rakhnā ― to be patient

#### Synonyms

* धीरज (dhīraj)
* सब्र (sabr)

### Proper noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) m
* a male given name, Dhairya, from Sanskrit

### Further reading

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “धैर्य”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “धैर्य”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* Platts, John T. (1884) “धैर्य”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धैर्य (dhairya). Related to धीर (dhīr).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d̪ʱəiɾ.jə/

### Noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) n
* (formal) courage, boldness, daring
    Synonyms: धाडस (dhāḍas) (more common), धडाडी (dhaḍāḍī)
* (dated) patience, calmness
    Synonym: धीर (dhīr)

#### Derived terms

* धैर्यशील (dhairyaśīl, “Dhairyashīl, a male given name”)

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “धैर्य”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “धैर्य”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “धैर्य”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “धैर्य”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ধৈৰ্য (Assamese script)
* ᬥᬿᬃᬬ (Balinese script)
* ধৈর্য (Bengali script)
* 𑰠𑰹𑰨𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀥𑁃𑀭𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
* ဓဲရျ (Burmese script)
* ધૈર્ય (Gujarati script)
* ਧੈਰ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌧𑍈𑌰𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
* ꦣꦻꦫꦾ (Javanese script)
* 𑂡𑂶𑂩𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
* ಧೈರ್ಯ (Kannada script)
* ធៃយ៌ (Khmer script)
* ໄຘຣ຺ຍ (Lao script)
* ധൈര്യ (Malayalam script)
* ᢡᠠᡳᡵᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘠𑘺𑘨𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
* ᢑᠾᠧᠧᠷᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧀𑧛𑧈𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐢𑐿𑐬𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
* ଧୈର୍ଯ (Odia script)
* ꢤꣀꢬ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆣𑆽𑆫𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
* 𑖠𑖹𑖨𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
* ධෛර්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩮𑩗𑩼 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚜𑚳𑚤𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
* தை⁴ர்ய (Tamil script)
* ధైర్య (Telugu script)
* ไธรฺย (Thai script)
* དྷཻ་རྱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒡𑒻𑒩𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨜𑨇𑨫𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Vrddhi derivative of धीर (dhī́ra) with a -य (-ya) extension, from धृ (dhṛ, “to be hold, to be firm”, root).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /dʱɑːjɾ.jɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈd̪ʱɑjɾ.jɐ/

### Noun

धैर्य • (dhairya) stem, n
* firmness, constancy, calmness, patience, gravity, fortitude, courage

#### Descendants

* Kashmiri:
    Arabic script: دٲر (dạ̄r)
    Devanagari script: दऻर (dạ̄r)
    Sharada script: 𑆢𑇋𑆳𑆫 (dạ̄r)
* → Bengali: ধৈর্য (dhōirjo)
* → Hindi: धैर्य (dhairya)
* → Kannada: ಧೈರ್ಯ (dhairya)
* → Malayalam: ധൈര്യം (dhairyaṁ)
* → Marathi: धैर्य (dhairya)
* → Odia: ଧୈର୍ଯ୍ୟ (dhairjya), ଧାର୍ଯ୍ୟ (dhārjya)
* → Tamil: தைரியம் (tairiyam)
* → Telugu: ధైర్యము (dhairyamu)
* → Urdu: دَھیرْیَہ (dhairya)

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “धैर्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 520, column 2.