OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# kasnec
## Albanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from a South Slavic language, compare Old Church Slavonic казньць (kaznĭcĭ) ("chamberlain, person in charge of the treasury") a court title of state employees in medieval Bosnia and Serbia. Ultimately derived from Proto-Slavic *kaznь, which was inherited into Serbo-Croatian kazna ("punishment, penalty, revelation").

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kasˈnɛt͡s/

### Noun

kasnec m (plural kasnecë, definite kasneci, definite plural kasnecët)
* herald
* (derogatory) propagator

#### Synonyms

* tellall
* lajmëtar

#### Derived terms

* kasnecoj
* kasnecar
* kasneci

### References

* ↑ Omari, Anila (2012) “kasnec”, in Marrëdhëniet Gjuhësore Shqiptaro-Serbe, Tirana, Albania: Krishtalina KH, page 161
* ↑ Topalli, K. (2017) “kasnec”, in Fjalor Etimologjik i Gjuhës Shqipe, Durrës, Albania: Jozef, pages 729-730
# antarafacial
## English
### Adjective

antarafacial (not comparable)
* (physical chemistry) Of a chemical reaction, involving two simultaneous changes in bonding to opposite faces of a common centre (or related centres) of a molecular fragment

#### Derived terms

* antarafacially

### See also

* suprafacial
# vëlla
## Albanian
### Etymology

Uncertain.
1) From Proto-Albanian *swe-laudā, *swe representing the reflexive *u (“self”), and *lauda, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“man, people”), thus meaning belonging to the same people.
2) From *vëllaz (in plural (Gheg) vëllazën), from *waládža, from Proto-Albanian *(a)waládja, metathesis of *awádlja, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewh₂ó-dʰl̥yos (“mother's brother”). Same sense development as motër (“sister”), from *méh₂treh₂ (“mother's sister”).
3) From Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ-, possibly < *uai-láu(d) (< *suoi- h1loudhi-), an old compound with the reflexive pronoun ve(të) (“own, self”). The plural stem *vəɫaz- (> vëllezër / vëllazën) can be derived phonetically from *laudźi-. Possibly related to Phrygian vela (“family, relatives”). A connection to Finnish veli, Estonian veli (“brother”) (see Proto-Finnic *velji) has been proposed, although this is improbable.
4) From Proto-Albanian *u̯əłáə, from *u̯əłáðə, from an earlier *u̯əłáðī. Ultimately from PIE *su̯e-(h₁)le/ou̯dʰii̯o-n-. The form of vëllezër (Tosk)/Vëllezën (Gheg) comes from Proto-Albanian *u̯ełédzenì, from Pre-Proto-Albanian *u̯eládi̯anì. Vëllezëri/Vllazni comes from Proto-Albanian *u̯eladi̯an-ía.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [vəˈɫa]

### Noun

vëllá m (plural vëllezër, definite vëllai, definite plural vëllezërit)
* brother

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “vëlla”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 503
* ↑ Demiraj, B. (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎ (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi
* ↑ Neri, Sergio / Demiraj, Bardhyl (2021): VËLLÁ -i  . In: DPEWA.URL: https://www.dpwa.gwi.uni-muenchen.de/dictionary/?lemmaid=17443

### Further reading

* “vëlla”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎ (in Albanian), 1980
* “vëlla”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* Newmark, L. (1999) “vëlla”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎
# figural
## English
### Etymology

From Old French figural, from late Latin figūrālis, from figūra (“figure”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈfɪɡ(j)ʊɹəl/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈfɪɡjəɹəl/
* Hyphenation: fig‧ur‧al

### Adjective

figural (comparative more figural, superlative most figural)
* Representing by means of a figure; emblematic.
** 2007, John Burrow, A History of Histories, Penguin, published 2009, page 185:The counterparts, in the Christian era, to the figural anticipation of Christ in the Old Testament were the deliverer monarchs and leaders of later times […]
* Figurative, not literal.
* (mathematics, obsolete) Of numbers, describing a geometrical figure.
* (obsolete) Pertaining to a figure, shape.
* (rare) Pertaining to (human) figures.
** 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, pages 262–3:Some of the Umayyads found themselves charmed by the cultures which they had conquered, so that archaeologists in Palestine and Syria have revealed an astonishing flourishing of Christian-style figural art under their rule.
* (music) Figurate.

#### Derived terms

* figurally

## Old French
### Adjective

figural m (oblique and nominative feminine singular figurale)
* symbolic

#### Descendants

* English: figural
* French: figural
# figurehead
## English
### Etymology

From figure +‎ head.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfɪɡjəɹˌhɛd/, /ˈfɪɡəɹˌhɛd/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

figurehead (plural figureheads)
* (nautical) A carved figure on the prow of a sailing ship.
* (by extension) Someone in a nominal position of leadership who has no actual power; a front or front man.
** 1928, Lawrence R. Bourne, chapter 2, in Well Tackled!‎:Evidently he did not mean to be a mere figurehead, but to carry on the old tradition of Wilsthorpe's; and that was considered to be a good thing in itself and an augury for future prosperity.
** 2022 September 8, Stephen Bates, “Queen Elizabeth II obituary”, in The Guardian‎:Instead she played, largely impeccably, the part of a modern constitutional monarch, a symbolic figurehead with a right to be consulted and to advise and warn political leaders privately and to show herself publicly as a focus of national life, celebration and commemoration.
** 2022 September 19, Philip Oltermann, “Germany’s Die Linke on verge of split over sanctions on Russia”, in The Guardian‎:Supporters of Wagenknecht, a controversial but prominent figurehead, are already hatching plans for a breakaway party to compete in the 2024 European elections, the German newspaper Taz reported this week.
* (nautical, slang, obsolete) A person's face.
** 1829, Douglas Jerrold, Black-Eyed Susan; or, All in the Downs:HATCHET. Bring up, I say, or I'll spoil your figurehead. [Lifting his cudgel]

#### Derived terms

* figureheadship
# tregjyshi
## Albanian
### Noun

tregjyshi
* inflection of tregjysh:
** definite nominative singular
** indefinite dative/genitive/ablative singular
# filamentar
## English
### Adjective

filamentar (not comparable)
* filamentary

#### Derived terms

* interfilamentar
# filamentation
## English
### Etymology

From filament +‎ -ation.

### Noun

filamentation (countable and uncountable, plural filamentations)
* The growth of filaments.
* (biology) An anomalous growth of certain bacteria in which they continue to elongate but do not divide.

#### Derived terms

* defilamentation
* hyperfilamentation
* pseudofilamentation
# filicide
## English
### Etymology

From Latin fīlius (“son”), fīlia (“daughter”) +‎ -cide.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈfɪ.lɪ.sʌɪd/

### Noun

filicide (countable and uncountable, plural filicides)
* The killing of one's own child.
** 1820, Charles Maturin, Melmoth the Wanderer:it began by violating nature, and ends in filicide. (I, v)
** 2014, Albert Lee Strickland, “Familicide”, in Michael John Brennan, editor, The A–Z of Death and Dying: Social, Medical, and Cultural Aspects, Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN, pages 205–206:Terms related to familicide include filicide (the killing of one's child or children), uxoricide (the killing of one's wife), fratricide or sororicide (the killing of one's brother or sister), avunculicide (the killing of one's uncle), and nepoticide (the killing of one's nephew).
* A person who kills his or her own child.
** 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin Books, published 2006, page 287:Ned is running, panicked, […] running for the cold hard road and the sanctuary of the Brunch farm like a filicide caught in the act.

#### Usage notes

Infanticide is the usual English term, especially if the victim is at or near infancy. Filicide implies specifically the killing of one's own son or daughter, especially biological and if the victim lived past infancy.

#### Derived terms

* altruistic filicide
* filicidal

#### See also

* familicide
* fratricide
* homicide
* infanticide
* neonaticide
* parricide
* prolicide
* sororicide
* suicide
* uxoricide
# žvėriukas
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From žvėrìs (“animal”) +‎ -iùkas (“diminutive suffix”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʑvʲeːˈr̺ʲʊ̂.kɐs̪]

### Noun

žvėriùkas m (plural žvėriùkai) stress pattern 2
* youngling (of a beast)
* (idiomatic) naughty child
* (slang) talonas
    Synonym: vagnorkė

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ “žvėriukas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
# bakierować
## Polish
### Etymology

From bakier +‎ -ować.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.kjɛˈrɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ba.kjɛˈrɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ba‧kie‧ro‧wać

### Verb

bakierować impf
* (transitive, archaic or dialectal, Kielce) to bend, to curve, to buckle
* (reflexive with się, archaic) to be bent, to be curved, to be buckled

#### Related terms

* na bakier
* bakier

### Further reading

* bakierować in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Jan Łoś (1886) “baḱerować”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 182
# filmless
## English
### Etymology

From film +‎ -less.

### Adjective

filmless (not comparable)
* Without film.
    Many modern cameras are filmless.

#### Derived terms

* filmlessness
# tripatouillerait
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʁi.pa.tuj.ʁɛ/
* Homophones: tripatouilleraient, tripatouillerais

### Verb

tripatouillerait
* third-person singular conditional of tripatouiller
# błogo
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish błogo, from Proto-Slavic *bolgo. By surface analysis, błogi +‎ -o.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbwɔ.ɡɔ/
* (Greater Poland):
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /ˈbwɔ.ɡɔ/
* (Masovia):
** (Near Masovian) IPA: /ˈbwɔ.ɡɔ/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ˈbwɔ.ɡɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔɡɔ
* Syllabification: bło‧go

### Adverb

błogo (comparative bardziej błogo, superlative najbardziej błogo)
* blissfully [with dative ‘for whom’]
    tak błogo ― so blissfully
    jak błogo ― how blissfully
    uśmiechać się błogo ― to smile blissfully
    westchnąć/wzdychać błogo ― to sigh blissfully
    zasypiać błogo ― to fall asleep blissfully
    błogo uśmiechnięty ― blissfully smiling
* (Kuyavia, Near Masovian, Kielce) Synonym of dobrze

#### Related terms

* błogi
* błogosławiony
* błogosławieństwo
* błogostan
* błogość
* błogosławić impf
* pobłogosławić pf
* ubłogosławić pf

### Further reading

* błogo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* błogo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Władysław Matlakowski (1892) “błogo”, in Słownik wyrazów ludowych zebranych w Czerskiem i na Kujawach (in Polish), Kraków: nakł. Akademii Umiejętności; Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego pod zarządem A. M. Kosterkiewicza, page 2
* Jan Łoś (1886) “błogo”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 182
# կուրտկա
## Armenian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian куртка (kurtka).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kuɾtˈkɑ/, [kuɾtkɑ́]

### Noun

կուրտկա • (kurtka) (colloquial Eastern Armenian)
* jacket
    Synonym: բաճկոն (bačkon)
# lepadinoid
## English
### Adjective

lepadinoid (not comparable)
* A morphotype of corticolous thelotremoid lichens having apothecial and thallus structure.
# tripatouillassent
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʁi.pa.tu.jas/
* Homophones: tripatouillasse, tripatouillasses

### Verb

tripatouillassent
* third-person plural imperfect subjunctive of tripatouiller
# caimals
## English
### Noun

caimals
* plural of caimal
# edaphophilic
## English
### Adjective

edaphophilic (not comparable)
* (Of a fungus) that allocates more biomass to extraradical hyphae than to intraradical hyphae.
# kalavansas
## English
### Noun

kalavansas
* plural of kalavansa
# exuberant
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French exubérant, from Latin exūberāns, the present active participle of exūberō (“be abundant”). Put together from ex (“out”), and uber (“udder”), and originally would have referred to a cow or she-goat which was making so much milk that it naturally dripped or sprayed from the udder.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪɡˈzuːbəɹənt/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Adjective

exuberant (comparative more exuberant, superlative most exuberant)
* (of people) Very cheery and peppy; extremely cheerful, energetic and enthusiastic.
    Synonyms: buoyant, cheerful, high-spirited
    exuberant feeling
** 1882, Frank R. Stockton, The Lady or the Tiger?:He was a man of exuberant fancy, and, withal of an authority so irresistible that, at his will, he turned his varied fancies into facts.
** 1961, Joseph Heller, Catch-22:She was a tall, earthy, exuberant girl with long hair and a pretty face.
* (literary, of things that grow) Abundant, luxuriant.
    Synonyms: profuse, superabundant
    exuberant foliage
** 1852, The Ark, and Odd Fellows' Western Magazine:It pencilled each flower with rich and variegated hues, and threw over its exuberant foliage a vesture of emerald green.
** 1972, Ken Lemmon, "Restoration Work at Studley Royal," Garden History, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 22:
    The County Architect's Department is starting to pleach trees to open up these vistas, now almost hidden by the exuberant growth.
* (medicine) Unusually proliferative, widespread or extreme, particularly in relation to a disease, immune reaction, or tissue

#### Derived terms

* exuberantly
* exuberantness
* overexuberant
* unexuberant

#### Related terms

* exuberance

#### Translations
### References

* Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., 1989.
* Random House Webster's Unabridged Electronic Dictionary, 1987-1996.

### Further reading

* “exuberant”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “exuberant”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

## Latin
### Verb

exūberant
* third-person plural present active indicative of exūberō

## Occitan
### Etymology

From Latin exūberāns.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Béarn):(file)

### Adjective

exuberant m (feminine singular exuberanta, masculine plural exuberants, feminine plural exuberantas)
* exuberant (of a person: very high-spirited)
* exuberant (abundant)

#### Related terms

* exuberància

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French exubérant, from Latin exuberans.

### Adjective

exuberant m or n (feminine singular exuberantă, masculine plural exuberanți, feminine and neuter plural exuberante)
* exuberant
# bagan alir
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of bagan +‎ alir, calque of English flow chart.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.ɡan ˈalɪr/

### Noun

bagan alir (plural bagan-bagan alir)
* flow chart, flow diagram: a schematic representation of how the different stages in a process are interconnected.

#### Synonyms

* bagan alur
* bagan arus
* carta alir (Standard Malay)
* diagram alir

### Further reading

* “bagan alir” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# norisonotatic acid
## English
### Noun

norisonotatic acid (uncountable)
* A secondary metabolite found in some lichens.
# bagan arus
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of bagan +‎ arus, calque of English flow chart.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.ɡan ˈalɪr/

### Noun

bagan arus (plural bagan-bagan arus)
* flow chart, flow diagram: a schematic representation of how the different stages in a process are interconnected.

#### Synonyms

* bagan alir
* bagan alur
* carta alir (Standard Malay)
* diagram alir

### Further reading

* “bagan arus” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# استحق
## Arabic

* Root
* ح ق ق (ḥ q q)
* 21 terms

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /is.ta.ħaq.qa/

### Verb

اِسْتَحَقَّ • (istaḥaqqa) X (non-past يَسْتَحِقُّ (yastaḥiqqu), verbal noun اِسْتِحْقَاق (istiḥqāq))
* to be worthy, to deserve, to merit
* to become due, to fall due, to become payable, to mature
* to be entitled, to have a claim, to lay claim
* to require, to demand

#### Conjugation

$^1$Uncommon.

#### Descendants

* Maltese: stħaqq
* Moroccan Arabic: استحق (staḥaqq)
* South Levantine Arabic: استحق (istaḥaʔʔ)

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ح ق ق
* 3 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic اِسْتَحَقَّ (istaḥaqqa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Urban) /is.ta.ħaʔʔ/, [ɪs.ta.ħaʔ]
* IPA: (Bedouin) /is.ta.ħaɡɡ/, [ɪs.ta.ħaɡ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

استحقّ • (istaḥaʔʔ) X (present بستحقّ (bistaḥeʔʔ))
* to deserve
# استمر
## Arabic

* Root
* م ر ر (m r r)
* 13 terms

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /is.ta.mar.ra/

### Verb

اِسْتَمَرَّ • (istamarra) X (non-past يَسْتَمِرُّ (yastamirru), verbal noun اِسْتِمْرَار (istimrār))
* to continue [with فِي (fī) or عَلَى (ʕalā) or بِ (bi) ‘in something’ or non-past indicative ‘doing something’]
* to persist, to persevere [with فِي (fī) or عَلَى (ʕalā) ‘in something’]
* to last, to remain
* to last (a specified amount of time)
* (transitive) to find (something) bitter

#### Conjugation

$^1$Uncommon.

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* م ر ر
* 3 terms

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic اِسْتَمَرَّ (istamarra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /is.ta.marr/, [ɪs.taˈmar]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

استمرّ • (istamarr) X (present بستمرّ (bistamerr))
* to continue
    Synonym: كمّل (kammal)
* to persist, to persevere
# ciżbą
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ɕiʐ.bɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -iʐbɔw̃
* Syllabification: ciż‧bą

### Noun

ciżbą
* instrumental singular of ciżba
# cworák
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ˈt͡sfɔ.rɒk/

### Noun

cworák m inan
* (Kielce) Alternative form of czworak (“type of residential building”)

### Further reading

* Jan Łoś (1886) “cvoráki”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 183
# cyckać
## Polish
### Etymology

From cycek +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Kielce) IPA: /ˈt͡sɘt͡s.kat͡ɕ/
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [ˈt͡sɘt͡s.kat͡ɕ]

### Verb

cyckać impf
* (transitive, dialectal, Kielce, Przemyśl) to suck (use the mouth and lips to pull in a liquid)

### Further reading

* cyckać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “cyckać”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 333
* Jan Łoś (1886) “cyckać”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume 11, page 183
# नवति
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* নৱতি (Assamese script)
* ᬦᬯᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
* নবতি (Bengali script)
* 𑰡𑰪𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀦𑀯𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
* နဝတိ (Burmese script)
* નવતિ (Gujarati script)
* ਨਵਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌨𑌵𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
* ꦤꦮꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
* 𑂢𑂫𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
* ನವತಿ (Kannada script)
* នវតិ (Khmer script)
* ນວຕິ (Lao script)
* നവതി (Malayalam script)
* ᠨᠠᠸᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
* 𑘡𑘪𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
* ᠨᠠᠸᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧁𑧊𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐣𑐰𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
* ନଵତି (Odia script)
* ꢥꢮꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆤𑆮𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
* 𑖡𑖪𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
* නවති (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩯𑩾𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚝𑚦𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
* நவதி (Tamil script)
* నవతి (Telugu script)
* นวติ (Thai script)
* ན་ཝ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
* 𑒢𑒫𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨝𑨭𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hnawatíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnawatí, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥dḱomt (“nine-ten”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐνενήκοντα (enenḗkonta), Latin nōnāgintā.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /nɐ.ʋɐ.tí/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈn̪ɐ.ʋɐ.t̪i/

### Numeral

नवति • (navatí) f
* ninety

#### Descendants

* Pali: navuti
* Prakrit: 𑀡𑀉𑀇 (ṇaüi) (see there for further descendants)
* → Kashmiri: نَمَتھ (namath) (semi-learned)
* → Marathi: नव्वद (navvad) (semi-learned)
* → Saurashtra: ꢥꢮꢣꢸ (navadu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “नवति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 531, column 3.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “navati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# paccayo
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀧𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀬𑁄 (Brahmi script)
* पच्चयो (Devanagari script)
* পচ্চযো (Bengali script)
* පච‍්චයො (Sinhalese script)
* ပစ္စယော or ပၸ္ၸယေႃ or ပၸ်ၸယေႃ (Burmese script)
* ปจฺจโย or ปัจจะโย (Thai script)
* ᨷᨧ᩠ᨧᨿᩮᩣ (Tai Tham script)
* ປຈ຺ຈໂຍ or ປັຈຈະໂຍ or ປັຈຈະໂຢ (Lao script)
* បច្ចយោ (Khmer script)
* 𑄛𑄌𑄴𑄌𑄠𑄮 (Chakma script)

### Noun

paccayo m
* nominative singular of paccaya (“cause”)
# નેવુ
## Gujarati
### Alternative forms

* નેવું (nevũ)

### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀡𑀯​𑀈 (ṇava​ī), from Sanskrit नवति (navatí), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hnawatíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnawatí, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥dḱomt (“nine-ten”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈneː.ʋu/
* Rhymes: -u

### Numeral

નેવુ • (nevu) (cardinal number)
* ninety
# 土衛一
## Chinese

| | | moon of Saturn | one; single; aone; single; a; (before verbs) as soon as, once; (before a noun) entire (family, etc.) |
| trad. (土衛一/土衞一) | trad. (土衛一/土衞一) | 土衛/土衞 | 一 |
| simp. (土卫一) | simp. (土卫一) | 土卫 | 一 |
* 土衛一

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Tǔwèi yī
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨˇ ㄨㄟˋ ㄧ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Tǔwèi yī
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˇ ㄨㄟˋ ㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Tǔwèi yi
*** Wade–Giles: Tʻu$^3$-wei$^4$ i$^1$
*** Yale: Tǔ-wèi yī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tuuwey i
*** Palladius: Тувэй и (Tuvɛj i)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/

### Proper noun

土衛一
* (astronomy) Mimas
# süzgəc
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From süzmək (“to pour; to strain, to filter”) +‎ -gəc.
Compare sürtgəc (“grater”).

### Noun

süzgəc (definite accusative süzgəci, plural süzgəclər)
* colander
* strainer, sile
* (computing) filter
# trechisporoid
## English
### Adjective

trechisporoid (not comparable)
* Similar to those of species of the genus Trechispora.
# dnevnica
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dnêːʋnit͡sa/

### Noun

dnȇvnica f (Cyrillic spelling дне̑вница)
* daily wage

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “dnevnica”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# смолоду
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsmoɫədʊ]

### Adverb

смо́лоду • (smólodu)
* from a young age

#### Derived terms
##### Proverbs

* смо́лоду проре́шка, к ста́рости дыра́ (smólodu proréška, k stárosti dyrá) / смо́лоду проре́шка, под ста́рость дыра́ (smólodu proréška, pod stárostʹ dyrá)
* смо́лоду не богате́лось, а под ста́рость захоте́лось (smólodu ne bogatélosʹ, a pod stárostʹ zaxotélosʹ)

#### Related terms

* молодо́й (molodój)
# اراده
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* ارادت (iradet)

### Etymology

From Arabic إِرَادَة (ʔirāda).

### Noun

اراده • (irade)
* will
* command, order, decree

#### Descendants

* Turkish: irade
* → Bulgarian: ираде́ (iradé)
* → English: irade
* → French: iradé
* → German: Irade
* → Greek: ιραδές (iradés)
* → Italian: iradè
* → Macedonian: ираде (irade)
* → Romanian: iradea
* → Russian: ираде́ (iradé)

### References

* Mallouf, Nassif (1863) “اراده”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: Maisonneuve, page 32

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic إِرَادَة (ʔirāda).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔi.ɾɑː.ˈða]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪ.ɾɑː.d̪ǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪ.ɾɑː.d̪ǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɪ.ɾɑː.d̪ǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔi.ɾɔː.d̪ǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔe.ɹɒː.d̪é]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔi.ɾɔ.d̪ǽ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

اراده • (erâde) (plural اراده‌ها (erâde-hâ))
* will, inclination, desire

#### Descendants

* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: इरादा (irādā)
    Urdu: اِرَادَہ (irāda)