# 栗鼠
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lìshǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): leot$^6$ syu$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lìshǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lìshǔ
*** Wade–Giles: li$^4$-shu$^3$
*** Yale: lì-shǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lihshuu
*** Palladius: лишу (lišu)
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵¹ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$栗鼠 隸屬 / 隶属
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: leot$^6$ syu$^2$
*** Yale: leuht syú
*** Cantonese Pinyin: loet$^9$ sy$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lêd$^6$ xu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɵt̚² syː³⁵/

### Noun

栗鼠
* squirrel (Classifier: 隻／只 m)
* chinchilla

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 松鼠, 栗鼠, 灰鼠 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 松鼠 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 松鼠兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 松鼠 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 松鼠 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 圪獵 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 毛老鼠 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 樹吊, 上樹吊 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 𦎠𦎑貓 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 𦎠𦎑貓 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 松鼠 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 松鼠 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kokang | 貂鼠 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 松鼠 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) | 邊瓜鼠 |
| Hakka | Liancheng (Juxi) | 搬家老鼠 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 膨鼠 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 大尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 膨鼠 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 膨鼠 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 圪猁 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 圪猁 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 圪猁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 胡鼠, 松鼠 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 膨鼠, 松鼠 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 膨尾鼠 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 膨鼠 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 膨鼠, 飛鼠 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 膨毛鼠 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 杜排 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 𫜣家廬鼠 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 當家廬鼠 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 松鼠 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 松鼠 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 松鼠 |
| Xiang | Shaoyang | 松鼠 |

#### Derived terms

* 花栗鼠 (huālìshǔ)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 栗鼠(りす) (risu)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 栗 | 鼠 |
| りつ > り Jinmeiyō | そ > す Hyōgai |
| irregular ||
/ritu so/ → /risːo/ → /risːə/ → /risu/
Shift from Middle Chinese-derived compound 栗鼠 (MC lit syoX, literally “chestnut + mouse, rat”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) りす [ríꜜsù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɾʲisɨ]

#### Noun

栗(り)鼠(す) or 栗鼠(リス) • (risu)
* a squirrel (rodent of family Sciuridae)
    Synonyms: 木鼠 (kinezumi), 栗鼠 (kurinezumi)
** c. 2012, “パンツにリスがいるんだよ [S.I.M.P. (Squirrels In My Pants)]”:
    あ———　パンツにリスが！パンツに凄(すご)いリスがいるんだってさ
       A——— Pantsu ni risu ga!
       AHHHHHHH! There are squirrels in my pants!
       Pantsu ni sugoi risu ga iru n da tte sa
       That girl's got some serious squirrels in her pants.
* Short for 日本栗鼠 (Nihon risu): the Japanese squirrel (Sciurus lis)

##### Derived terms

* 蝦(エ)夷(ゾ)栗(リ)鼠(ス) (Ezo risu, “ground squirrel”)
* 北(キタ)栗(リ)鼠(ス) (kitarisu, “red squirrel”)
* 縞(シマ)栗(リ)鼠(ス) (shimarisu, “chipmunk”)
* 地(ジ)栗(リ)鼠(ス) (jirisu, “ground squirrel”)
* 台(タイ)湾(ワン)栗(リ)鼠(ス) (Taiwan risu, “Taiwanese squirrel”)
* 日(ニ)本(ホン)栗(リ)鼠(ス) (Nihon risu, “Japanese squirrel”)
* リス亜(あ)目(もく) (risu-amoku, “Sciuromorpha”)
* 栗(リ)鼠(ス)猿(ザル) (risuzaru, “squirrel monkey”)
* 栗(リ)鼠(ス)擬(モドキ) (risumodoki, “tree shrew”)

##### See also

* 鼯鼠(ムササビ) (musasabi), 鼯鼠(モモンガ) (momonga, “flying squirrel”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 栗 | 鼠 |
| くり Jinmeiyō | ねずみ Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi ||
Compound of 栗(くり) (kuri, “chestnut”) + 鼠(ねずみ) (nezumi, “mouse, rat”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) くりねずみ [kùrínéꜜzùmì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [kɯ̟ɾʲine̞zɨmʲi]

#### Noun

栗(くり)鼠(ねずみ) • (kurinezumi)
* Synonym of 栗鼠 (risu, “squirrel, a rodent of family Sciuridae”)
* name of a hair color of a horse; grey with tinges of brown (Can we verify this sense?)
* Short for 栗鼠色 (kurinezumi-iro): a brownish colour, as of a squirrel's fur

### References

* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN