# 顔

| 顔 | U+9854, &#38996; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9854 |
| ← 顓 [U+9853] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 顕 → [U+9855] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 顏 |
| Shinjitai | 顔 |
| Simplified | 颜 |

### Han character

顔 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+9, 18 strokes, cangjie input 難難難卜竹 (XXXYH) or 卜竹一月金 (YHMBC), composition ⿰彦頁)

#### Related characters

* 顏 (Orthodox traditional form used in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau)
* 颜 (Simplified Chinese)

#### Derived characters

* 㘖, 𤄰

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1407, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43591
* Dae Jaweon: page 1925, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4383, character 9
* Unihan data for U+9854

### Usage notes

This character is the preferred form used in Japan, Korea, Vietnam as well as mainland China (when used as a traditional character).

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 顔 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Variant form of 顏 (彥 → 彦).

### Definitions

* For pronunciation and definitions of 顔 – see 顏 (“forehead, especially the glabellar area; countenance; facial expression; etc.”). (This character is a variant traditional form of 顏).

### Usage notes

This character is considered the traditional form of 颜 in mainland China based on the standardized form of characters (Xin Zixing) in use since 1965.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 顔 |
| Kyūjitai | 顏 |

### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 顏)
* face
* expression

#### Readings

* Go-on: げん (gen)
* Kan-on: がん (gan, Jōyō)
* Kun: かお (kao, 顔, Jōyō)、かんばせ (kanbase, 顔)

#### Compounds

* 顔(がん)厚(こう)忸(じく)怩(じ) (gankōjikuji)
* 顔貌(がんぼう) (ganbō)
* 顔(かお)が利(き)く (kao ga kiku)
* 顔料(がんりょう) (ganryō)
* 洗顔(せんがん) (sengan)
* 昼顔(ひるがお) (hirugao)
* 朝顔(あさがお) (asagao)
* 顔(かお)文字(もじ) (kaomoji)
* 笑(え)顔(がお) (egao)
* アヘ顔(がお) (ahegao)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 顔
* かお Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 顏 (kyūjitai)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かお [kàó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠o̞]

#### Noun

顔(かお) • (kao)
* a person's face
* a person's reputation

##### Descendants

* ⇒ Korean: 가오 (gao, “face; reputation”)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 顔
* がん Grade: 2
* on'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 顏 (kyūjitai)
From Middle Chinese 顏 (MC ngaen).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡã̠ɴ]

#### Affix

顔(がん) • (gan)
* look; face; expression
* color

### References

* ↑ “顔”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 顏 (MC ngaen). Recorded as Middle Korean 안 (an) (Yale: an) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 顔 (eumhun 얼굴 안 (eolgul an))
* hanja form of 안 (“face”)

#### Compounds

* 동안 (童顔, dong'an)
* 미안 (美顔, mian)
* 세안 (洗顔, sean)
* 안면 (顔面, anmyeon)
* 안색 (顔色, ansaek)
* 용안 (容顔, yong'an)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Miyako
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)
* Kun: みぱな (mipana, 顔)、みーぱな (mīpana, 顔)

### Etymology

Compound of 目 (mī, “eye”) +‎ 鼻 (pana, “nose”). Compare Japanese 目鼻 (mehana, “facial features”, literally “eyes and nose”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mipana]

### Noun

顔(みぱな) or 顔(みーぱな) (mipana or mīpana)
* face

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ちら (chira)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ɕira]

### Noun

顔(ちら) (chira)
* face

## Vietnamese
### Han character

顔: Hán Nôm readings: nhan, nhăn
* face