OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# olusozi
## Luganda
### Etymology

From an Eastern Sudanic language; related to Proto-Kuliak *sog-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /olusózi/
* Hyphenation: o‧lu‧so‧zi

### Noun

olusozi (class VII, plural ensozi, base state lusozi, plural base state nsozi)
* hill, mountain

### References

* Schoenbrun, David (1993) “We Are What We Eat: Ancient Agriculture Between the Great Lakes”, in The Journal of African History, volume 4, number 1, pages 1–31
* Snoxall, R. A. (1967) Luganda-English Dictionary - with an Introduction on the Tonal System, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 189
# ခေါ်
## Burmese
### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)aw (“to call”). Compare Kinnauri ku, Nùng go, Old Chinese 號 (OC *ɦlaːw, *ɦlaːws, “name; to shout, cry”) (STEDT). The extension of the meaning ‘shout, call’ to ‘ask, request’ is parallel to ခေါ် (hkau).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰɔ̀/
* Romanization: MLCTS: hkau • ALA-LC: khoʻ • BGN/PCGN: hkaw • Okell: hko

### Verb

ခေါ် • (hkau)
* to name, be called (have a specific name)
    ဒီလမ်းနာမည် ဘယ်လိုခေါ်သလဲ။dilam:namany bhailuihkausa.lai:||What is this street called?
* to call or beckon to someone; to fetch or send for someone
* to call out to someone by name
* to call (a meeting)
* (colloquial) to be on speaking terms
* to take or bring (someone) along

### Adverb

ခေါ် • (hkau)
* otherwise (called); as an alias

### Derived terms

* ကျောင်းခေါ်ကြိမ် (kyaung:hkau-krim)
* ခွေးခေါ်ရစ် (hkwe:hkaurac)
* ခေါ်ခေါ်ပြောပြော (hkauhkau-prau:prau:)
* ခေါ်ဆောင် (hkauhcaung)
* ခေါ်တွင် (hkau-twang)
* ခေါ်ဗုံ (hkaubum)
* စကားခေါ် (ca.ka:hkau)
* စက်တော်ခေါ် (caktauhkau)
* စားတော်ခေါ် (ca:tauhkau)
* စိန်ခေါ် (cinhkau)
* ဆင့်ခေါ် (hcang.hkau)
* ဈေးခေါ် (jhe:hkau)
* တစ်ခေါ် (tachkau)
* တစ်မျှော်တစ်ခေါ် (tachmyautachkau)
* တွေးခေါ် (twe:hkau)
* ဖိတ်ခေါ် (hpithkau)
* မခေါ်မုန့်လုံး (ma.hkaumun.lum:)
* မျှော်ခေါ် (hmyauhkau)
* မိုးခေါ် (mui:hkau)
* မေးထူးခေါ်ပြော (me:htu:hkau-prau:)
* မောင်မခေါ်ပဲ (maungma.hkaupai:)
* ယောက်ဖခွေးခေါ် (yaukhpa.hkwe:hkau)
* လက်တွဲခေါ် (laktwai:hkau)
* လက်ယပ်ခေါ် (lak-yaphkau)
* လာဘ်ခေါ် (labhhkau)
* လိပ်ပြာခေါ် (lipprahkau)
* သာဓုခေါ် (sadhu.hkau)
* အဖျားဆွတ်ခေါ် (a.hpya:hcwathkau)

### Further reading

* “ခေါ်” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.

## Mon
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Compare Burmese ခွက် (hkwak) and Vietnamese cốc”

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰok/

### Noun

ခေါ် (khok)
* cup, cupful
* measure of capacity equal to one thirty-second of a basket န (na) two ကရှ်ေ (karh) or half a ကလတ် (kalat).

### References

* Shorto, H.L. (1962) A Dictionary of Modern Spoken Mon‎, London: Oxford University Press. Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
# rusticellus
## Latin
### Etymology

From rūsticus (“rustic”) +‎ -ellus.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ruːs.tiˈkel.lus/, [ruːs̠t̪ɪˈkɛlːʲʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /rus.tiˈt͡ʃel.lus/, [rust̪iˈt͡ʃɛlːus]

### Adjective

rūsticellus (feminine rūsticella, neuter rūsticellum); first/second-declension adjective
* somewhat rustic, clownish

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

#### Related terms

* rūsticus
* rūsticulus

### References

* “rusticellus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* rusticellus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# мэджэрэзын
## Kabardian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mad͡ʒarazən]

### Verb

мэджэрэзын • (mɛdžɛrɛzən) (intransitive)
* to spin
    щӏалэр мэджэрэзы ― śʼalɛr mɛdžɛrɛzə ― The boy is spinning.

#### Synonyms

* мэкьэрэзын (mɛkʲɛrɛzən) (Shapsug)
* гъэчэрэзын (ğɛčɛrɛzən) (Standard Adyghe)

#### See also

* гъэджэрэзын (ğɛdžɛrɛzən) (transitive)
# ܩ ܛ ܠ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Root

ܩ ܛ ܠ • (q ṭ l)
* forming words pertaining to killing

#### Derived terms
##### Verbs

* ܩܵܛܹܠ (qāṭēl, “to kill”)
** Instance Noun: ܩܛܵܠܬܵܐ (qṭāltā, “kill”)
** Verbal Noun: ܩܛܵܠܵܐ (qṭālā, “killing”)
* ܡܩܲܛܸܠ (mqaṭṭil, “to kill violently”)
** Instance Noun: ܩܲܛܲܠܬܵܐ (qaṭṭaltā, “murder”)
** Verbal Noun: ܩܘܼܛܵܠܵܐ (quṭṭālā, “slaughter”)
* ܡܲܩܛܸܠ (maqṭil, “to make killed”)
** Instance Noun: ܡܲܩܛܲܠܬܵܐ (maqṭaltā, “an instance of making killed”)

##### Nouns

* ܩܛܘܼܠܝܵܐ (qṭulyā, “killing”)
* ܩܸܛܠܵܐ (qiṭlā, “kill”)
* ܩܲܛܵܠܵܐ (qaṭṭālā, “killer”)
* ܩܵܛܘܿܠܵܐ (qāṭōlā, “murderer”)
* ܡܩܲܛܠܵܢܵܐ (mqaṭlānā, “murderer”)
* ܩܵܛܘܿܠܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (qāṭōlūṯā, “homicide”)
* ܩܛܝܼܠܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (qṭīlūṯā, “slaughter”)

##### Adjectives

* ܩܛܝܼܠܵܐ (qṭīlā, “killed”)
* ܩܵܛܘܿܠܵܐ (qāṭōlā, “lethal”)
* ܡܸܬ݂ܩܲܛܠܵܢܵܐ (miṯqaṭlānā, “killable”)

##### Adverbs

* ܩܵܛܘܿܠܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (qāṭōlāˀīṯ, “in the manner of a killer”)
# negáu
## Asturian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /neˈɡau̯/ [neˈɣ̞au̯]
* Rhymes: -au̯
* Syllabification: ne‧gáu

### Participle

negáu m (feminine negada, neuter negao, masculine plural negaos, feminine plural negaes)
* past participle of negar
# ciranda
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese ciranda, which is from Spanish zaranda (“sieve”), from Andalusian Arabic سرند, from Persian سرند (“sieve”).

### Noun

ciranda (plural cirandas)
* (music) A traditional Brazilian children's dance.

### Anagrams

* Arandic, Darcian, acridan, craniad, dracina

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /siˈɾɐ̃.dɐ/
* Rhymes: -ɐ̃dɐ
* Hyphenation: ci‧ran‧da

### Etymology 1

From Spanish zaranda (“sieve”), from Andalusian Arabic سرند, from Persian سرند (“sieve”).

#### Noun

ciranda f (plural cirandas)
* sieve (device to separate larger objects)
    Synonyms: crivo, peneira
* (music) a traditional dance from the Northeastern region of Brazil, where people hold hands in order to dance in a circle
* (music) a kind of children's dance

##### Derived terms

* cirandar
* cirandeiro
* cirandinha (diminutive)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

ciranda
* inflection of cirandar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “ciranda”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
# scharf
## Bavarian
### Alternative forms

* schoaf

### Etymology

From Middle High German scharpf, from Old High German scarf, from Proto-West Germanic *skarp, from Proto-Germanic *skarpaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerb-, from *(s)ker- (“to cut”).

### Adjective

scharf
* sharp
    a scharfs Messa ― a sharp knife
* keen
    Madl, i bin scharf auf di! ― Girl, I am keen on you!

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German scharpf, from Old High German scarf, from Proto-West Germanic *skarp, from Proto-Germanic *skarpaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerb-, from *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Compare Low German scharp, Dutch scherp, English sharp, Danish skarp.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃarf/, [ʃaʁf], [ʃaɾf], [ʃaɐ̯f], [ʃaːf]
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: Schaf (some speakers)

### Adjective

scharf (strong nominative masculine singular scharfer, comparative schärfer, superlative am schärfsten)
* sharp; able to cut (knife, edge)
    Antonym: stumpf
* sharp (criticism, perception, intellect)
* sharp; in focus (picture, script)
    Antonym: unscharf
* hot; spicy; pungent (taste)
    Antonym: mild
* hot; sexy; attractive
* hot; aroused; horny
* live (bomb or ammunition)
    Antonyms: nicht scharf, entschärft

#### Derived terms

* entschärfen
* Scharfblick
* Schärfe
* scharfeckig
* schärfen
* scharfkantig
* scharfsichtig
* Scharfsinn
* scharfzüngig
* unscharf

#### Related terms

* verschärft

### See also

* gewürzt
Basic tastes in German (layout · text) :
| süß | sauer | salzig | bitter | scharf | herzhaft |

### Further reading

* “scharf” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “scharf” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “scharf” in Duden online
# athleticques
## Middle French
### Noun

athleticques
* plural of athleticque
# malignant
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French malignant, from Late Latin malignans. See malign.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /məˈlɪɡnənt/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

malignant (comparative more malignant, superlative most malignant)
* Harmful, malevolent, injurious.
    malignant temper; malignant revenge; malignant infection
** 1863 August 26, Abraham Lincoln, Letter to James Conkling‎, page 7:[…] while, I fear, there will be some white ones, unable to forget that, with malignant heart, and deceitful speech, they have strove to hinder it.
* (medicine) Tending to produce death; threatening a fatal issue.
    Antonyms: benign, non-malignant
    malignant diphtheria
    a malignant tumor
** 1921, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:“ […] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. You know. The kind that have mottoes […] . And then, when you see [the senders], you probably find that they are the most melancholy old folk with malignant diseases. […] ”

#### Derived terms

* bovine malignant catarrhal fever
* malignant catarrhal fever
* malignant edema
* malignantly
* neuroleptic malignant syndrome
* non-malignant
* nonmalignant
* premalignant
* promalignant
* unmalignant

#### Related terms

* malign

#### Translations
### Noun

malignant (plural malignants)
* A deviant; a person who is hostile or destructive to society.
** 1823, The Retrospective Review, volume 7, page 11:As devout Stephen was carried to his burial by devout men, so is it just and equal that malignants should carry malignants […]
** 1999, National Institute of Business Management, Difficult People at Work, →ISBN, page 8:A malignant in a position of real power immediately becomes a tyrant.
* (historical, derogatory, obsolete) A person who fought for Charles I in the English Civil War.

## Latin
### Verb

malignant
* third-person plural present active indicative of malignō
# sementiva
## Latin
### Adjective

sēmentīva
* inflection of sēmentīvus:
** nominative/vocative feminine singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

### Adjective

sēmentīvā
* ablative feminine singular of sēmentīvus
# мэдрэ
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [madra]

### Determiner

мэдрэ • (mɛdrɛ)
* this other
    мэдрэ бэнанэ ― mɛdrɛ bɛnanɛ ― this other banana
    мэдрэ пшъашъэ ― mɛdrɛ pŝaŝɛ ― this other girl
    мэдрэ кӏалэм еӏуэ ― mɛdrɛ kʼalɛm jeʼwɛ ― this other boy is saying
    мэдрэ мэгъэ ― mɛdrɛ mɛğɛ ― this other year
# ܩ ܘ ܡ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Proto-Semitic; compare Arabic ق و م (q w m) and Hebrew ק־ו־ם (q-w-m)

### Root

ܩ ܘ ܡ • (q w m)
* forming words pertaining to rising
* forming words pertaining to occurring

#### Derived terms
##### Verbs

* ܩܵܝܹܡ (qāyēm, “to rise”)
* ܩܲܘܸܡ (qawwim, “to occur”)
* ܡܲܩܸܡ (maqqim, “to raise, resurrect”)

##### Nouns

* ܡܲܩܸܡܵܢܵܐ (maqqimānā, “raiser”)
* ܩܵܐܹܡ (qāˀēm, “present”)
* ܩܲܝܵܡܵܐ (qayyāmā)
* ܩܵܝܘܿܡܵܐ (qāyōmā)
* ܩܘܼܘܵܡܵܐ (quwwāmā, “event”)
* ܩܘܼܝܵܡܵܐ (quyyāmā, “installation”)
* ܩܵܘܡܵܐ (qāwmā, “uprising, revolution”)
* ܩܝܵܡܬܵܐ (qyāmtā, “resurrection”)

##### Adverb

* ܩܵܘܡܵܐ (qāwmā, “perhaps”)
# lokys
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *tlāk- (with reduction of the “difficult” cluster tl to l), and cognate with Latvian lācis, Old Prussian clokis (klokis) (< *tlokis), Tlokunpelk (“Prussian placename”, literally “bear swamp”), Sudovian łukas. The term replaced the original word for bear, Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos (which may have survived as a fossilized compound in the word irštvà (“bear's den”), as part of a taboo seen in many other Indo-European branches. The Baltic terms are of unclear further origin:
* Perhaps related to Proto-Slavic *dòlka (“hair”), assuming an earlier form of *tlaka for the Slavic. This is preferred by Derksen.
* Connected to làkti (“to lick, lap”), with bears being conceived as “(honey) lickers”; this is formally irreconcilable with the Old Prussian cognate above.
* According to Kortlandt, related to tìlti (“to become silent”), assuming an earlier form of tìlkti for the latter. This is phonetically bold and semantically tenuous.
* Smoczynski, doubting the originality of the anlaut tl- of the Old Prussian forms, instead derives the Baltic terms from an originally adjectival unattested compound žmoglokỹs (“man-mauling”) > "man-mauler", with the initial part of the compound (žmogùs (“human”)) dropping out, taking the second part as being from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂k- (“to tear, rend”) and comparing Latin lacer (“lacerated”). This assumption regarding the Old Prussian anlaut is phonetically bold, and the derivation from *leh₂k-, otherwise unattested in Baltic, is somewhat ad hoc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [loˈkʲiːs]

### Noun

lokỹs m (plural lokiaĩ) stress pattern 3
* bear (animal)
    Synonym: meškà
* sloven, slob (untidy person)

#### Derived terms

* akiniúotasis lokỹs
* baltàsis lokỹs
* himalajinis lokys
* ilgalūpis lokỹs
* juodàsis lokỹs
* malajinis lokys
* rudàsis lokỹs
* urvìnis lokỹs

### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “lokys”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 291
# buzağı
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish بوزاغو (buzağu), بوزاغی (buzağı, “a sucking calf”), from Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (buzağu, “calf”), from Proto-Turkic *buŕagu (“calf”). Compare Hungarian borjú (“calf”), a borrowing from Bulgar [script needed] (*burǝʷu). Compare also Turkish dialectal buza- (“to bear a calf”).
* Azerbaijani buzov
* Bashkir быҙау (bıźaw)
* Chuvash пӑру (păru)
* Crimean Tatar бузав buzav
* Gagauz buza
* Karakhanid بُوزاغُو (buzāɣū)
* Kazakh бұзау (būzau)
* Khakas пызо (pızo)
* Kumyk бузав (buzaw)
* Kyrgyz музоо (muzoo)
* Nogai бузав (buzav)
* Old Turkic 𐰉𐰆𐰕𐰍𐰆 (b¹uzǧu /⁠buzaɣu⁠/)
* Southern Altai бозу (bozu)
* Tatar бозау (bozaw)
* Turkmen buzaw
* Tuvan бызаа (bızaa)
* Uyghur موزاي (mozay)
* Uzbek buzoq

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

buzağı (definite accusative buzağıyı, plural buzağılar)
* unweaned calf

#### Related terms

* buzağılamak
* buzağılı
* buzağılık
* buzağısız

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بوزاغو”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 398
* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “buza:ğu:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 391
* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*buŕa-gu”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “buzağı”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “buzağı”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Emine Yılmaz (2013), “The Position of Chuvash in the Comparative Altaic Linguistics Studies III”, Leyla Karahan Armağanı, s. 925-932, Hacettepe University, Ankara: Akçağ Yay.
# bathtub gin
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

bathtub gin (countable and uncountable, plural bathtub gins)
* (colloquial) Gin or a similar alcoholic beverage which is of very poor quality, as if made by a homebrewer in a bathtub.
    Hypernym: bootleg
    Coordinate terms: jail juice, jungle juice, prison wine, pruno, swish, toilet wine
    Near-synonyms: rotgut, gut rot, hooch, swill, red-eye, moonshine
** 1936 June 14, “‘Dates as Usual’”, in Milwaukee Journal‎, retrieved 31 July 2013, page 2:Part of Dallman's "Three Blind Mice" parody follows: / They called us donkey-braying cranks / But all they gave to win our thanks / Was bathtub gin and busted banks / For twelve long years.
** 1984 December 30, Alvin Klein, “‘Brown Sugar’ Done to a Bubbling Turn (theatre review)”, in New York Times‎, retrieved 31 July 2013:A 1976 Broadway hit, "Bubbling Brown Sugar" recreates the night life of the 1920s - when they drank "scotch in teacups" and bathtub gin.
** 1990, “Bathtub Gin”, in Lawn Boy, performed by Phish:And Wendy's on the windowsill / Waitin' to be let in / And we're all in the bathtub now / Making bathtub gin
** 2008 December 5, “Top 10 Prohibition Tales: Mortal Moonshine”, in Time‎, archived from the original on 2012-03-02:It wasn't just the violent Prohibition-era gang wars that were dangerous to Americans drinking homemade moonshine and bathtub gin.

#### Usage notes

* Used especially to refer to bootlegged liquor produced during the U.S. Prohibition era (1919–1933).

### References

* “bathtub gin”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
# 감ᄯᅩᆯ다
## Middle Korean
### Verb

감ᄯᅩᆯ〯다〮 (kàmstwǒltá) (infinitive 감ᄯᅩ라〮, sequential 감ᄯᅩ니〮)
* Variant spelling of 가ᇝ돌〯다〮 (kàmstwǒl-tá, “to linger”).
# retrofuture
## English
### Etymology

From retro- +‎ future.

### Noun

retrofuture (plural retrofutures)
* An outdated vision of the future.
    the nuclear retrofuture of the 1950s

#### Quotations

* For quotations using this term, see Citations:retrofuture.

#### Related terms

* retrofuturistic

#### See also

* allohistory, alternate history, alternative history
* alternate universe, alternative universe
* counterfactual
* darkest timeline, worst timeline
# vulpinatur
## Latin
### Verb

vulpīnātur
* third-person singular present active indicative of vulpīnor
# 许𣆯
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 许𣆯 – see 許𣆯 (“at that time; in those days; back then”). (This term is the simplified form of 許𣆯).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# ܫ ܐ ܠ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Proto-Semitic; compare Hebrew שׁ־א־ל (š-ʾ-l) and Arabic س ء ل (s ʔ l).

### Root

ܫ ܐ ܠ • (š ˀ l)
* forming words pertaining to asking

#### Derived terms
##### Verbs

* ܫܵܐܹܠ (šāˀēl)
* ܫܲܐܸܠ (šaˀil)
* ܡܲܫܐܸܠ (mašˀil)

##### Nouns

* ܫܘܼܐܵܠܵܐ (šūˀālā, “question”)
* ܫܸܐܠܬܵܐ (šiˀltā, “borrowing”)
* ܡܸܫܬܲܐܠܵܢܘܼܬܵܐ (mištaˀlānūtā, “responsibility”)

##### Adjectives

* ܫܐܝܼܠܵܐ (šˀīlā, “figurative, symbolic, metaphorical, supposed”)
* ܡܲܫܐܠܵܢܵܐ (mašˀlānā, “reluctant, disinclined”)
* ܡܸܫܬܲܐܠܵܢܵܐ (mištaˀlānā, “responsible”)

##### Adverbs

* ܫܐܝܼܠܵܐܝܼܬ (šˀīlāˀīt, “supposedly”)
* ܡܸܫܬܲܐܠܵܢܵܐܝܼܬ (mištaˀlānāˀīt, “responsibly”)
# pelėda
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

pelė̃ (“mouse”) +‎ ė́da (“(it) eats”), literally “mouse-eating”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʲɛˈlʲeːdɐ]

### Noun

pelė́da f (plural pelė́dos) stress pattern 1
* owl
* (figuratively) an unattractive, unkempt, unrefined woman

#### Derived terms

* pelėdžiùkas
* pelėdìkė

### References

* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “pelė́da”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 447
# SNA
## English
### Noun

SNA (plural SNAs)
* (biochemistry) Initialism of spherical nucleic acid.
* (Ireland, education) Initialism of special needs assistant.
** 2022 May 31, Carl O'Brien, “Number of special needs assistants in mainstream classes to be maintained”, in The Irish Times‎:Schools will retain their existing allocation of 18,000 special needs assistants (SNAs) for mainstream classes in the coming academic year, while an extra 1,100 posts will be allocated for special classes, special schools and developing schools. […] Mr Pike said education authorities must find a different way of managing SNA allocations to provide certainty and job security.
** 2022 September 12, Jennifer Morgan, “An autism class opens. What happens then?”, in Irish Examiner‎:“From day one it was all wrong. They wouldn’t use his PECS book which had been his way to communicate. The Special Needs Assistants (SNA) were holding their hands. But that wasn’t in their assessment of need. They were fully capable of walking around themselves.” […] Gemma said it was especially difficult as the SNA had a close relationship with a member of the board.

#### Related terms

* DNA (“deoxyribonucleic acid”)
* GNA (“glycol nucleic acid”)
* PNA (“peptide nucleic acid”)
* RNA (“ribonucleic acid”)
* TNA (“threonucleic acid”)
* XNA (“xeno-nucleic acid”)

### See also

* spherical nucleic acid on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* -san, ANS, NAS, NAs, NSA, SAN, SAn, San, ans, ans., san

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

SNA m (plural SNAs)
* (military, nautical) an SSN / SSKN / SSAN (nuclear-powered attack submarine); Abbreviation of Sous-Marin Nucléaire d’Attaque.

#### Related terms

* SNLE
* SN

#### See also

* Sous-marin nucléaire d’attaque on the French Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{fr}$
# earth apples
## English
### Noun

earth apples
* plural of earth apple
# e-bike
## English
### Alternative forms

* ebike

### Etymology

From e- +‎ bike.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈiː.baɪk/

### Noun

e-bike (plural e-bikes)
* (informal) A bicycle powered by an electric motor.
** 1993 January 31, Ridley McIntyre, “STORY: GHOSTDANCER (2)”, in rec.games.frp.misc‎ (Usenet), retrieved 2019-03-19, message-ID <0!w3=jd@rpi.edu>:The e-bikes glide past slow, one of the kids turning his bike around. He's tall, with his black hair slicked back with grease, shining in the glow of the other bikes' lights. In the sockets of his eyes she can see only mirrors. Artificial Sonys. The kid's ironed.
** 1993 November 13, John Ciccarelli, “Motorcycles, bicycles, "e-bikes"”, in rec.bicycles.soc‎ (Usenet), retrieved 2019-03-19, message-ID <2c1n2d$j6o@agate.berkeley.edu>:ELECTRIC BIKES ("E-BIKES") Because e-bike speeds and power are more similar to human-powered bicycles than to motorcycles, I believe their users will need bicycle-style traffic-skills education (Effective Electric Cycling?). I also believe e-bikes, with strict power or acceleration limits, should be allowed to use bike lanes -- think about it.
** 1993 November 13, Charlie Sullivan, “Re: Motorcycles, bicycles, "e-bikes"”, in rec.bicycles.soc‎ (Usenet), retrieved 2019-03-19, message-ID <2c1n2d$j6o@agate.berkeley.edu>:There seems to be a lot of interest emerging about "E-Bikes." I'm not sure of the appropriate place to discuss them. I've seen things on the EV mailing list, and on several .bicycles. groups. Perhaps there is some interest on the hpv mailing list as well--I have't subscribed for a while. Is it worth starting a mailing list or newsgroup for them?
** 1994 September 1, Cycle0path, “Re: Electric Bicycle (again)”, in rec.bicycles.misc‎ (Usenet), retrieved 2019-03-19, message-ID <343obu$l3t@search01.news.aol.com>:I've been working on Ebike for 2 years. Read about several attempts around world and US. First patent in 1895. Mine weighs 85 lbs and does help uphill. Working on testing. I decided to build only because I wanted a "poor person's" ZEV. Weight will go down with technology over time. No hurry. Lots of stuff to do, learn. No EV is commercially viable in US except trike in Florida. Happy to talk with those interested.
** 1996 November 11, dhammel, “E-bike info?”, in rec.bicycles.misc‎ (Usenet), retrieved 2019-03-19, message-ID <19961111183300.NAA04270@ladder01.news.aol.com>:E-bike info? Anyone have any info on an electric add-on motor for bikes built by a company called "ZAP" ?
** 2010, David L. Kurtz, Contemporary Marketing 2011, page 377:Another important difference: e-bikes can legally travel in the bike lane; scooters and mopeds cannot.

#### Hypernyms

* bicycle, bike

#### Hyponyms

* pedelec, speed pedelec

#### Coordinate terms

* bike, motorbike, motorcycle (differentiated by societal convention more than by qualitative differences; legally differentiated by maximum speed and power rating in many jurisdictions)

#### Derived terms

* e-biker

#### Translations
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from English e-bike.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈiː.bɑi̯k/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: e-bike

### Noun

e-bike m (plural e-bikes)
* an e-bike