# 需要
## Chinese

* 需要 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Need (English)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xūyào
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩ ㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): seoi$^1$ jiu$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhui$^1$ yiau$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sî-yeu
* Eastern Min (BUC): sṳ̆-iéu
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): su-iàu / si-iàu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): su$^1$ iou$^3$ / su$^1$ iao$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$shiu-iau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xūyào
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ ㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuyào
*** Wade–Giles: hsü$^1$-yao$^4$
*** Yale: syū-yàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuyaw
*** Palladius: сюйяо (sjujjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$需要 須要 / 须要
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: seoi$^1$ jiu$^3$
*** Yale: sēui yiu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soey$^1$ jiu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêu$^1$ yiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɵy̯⁵⁵ jiːu̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lhui$^1$ yiau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬui³³ jiau³³/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sî-yeu
*** Hakka Romanization System: xi$^ˊ$ ieu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xi$^1$ yeu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /si²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯eu̯⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sî-yeu
*** Hakka Romanization System: xi$^ˊ$ (r)ieu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xi$^1$ yeu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /si²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯eu̯⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sṳ̆-iéu
*** Sinological IPA : /sy⁵⁵⁻⁵³ iɛu²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Jinjiang, Kinmen, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su-iàu
*** Tâi-lô: su-iàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: su'iaux
*** IPA (Kinmen): /su⁴⁴⁻²² iau¹²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /su⁴⁴⁻³³ iau¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /su³³ iau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴⁻³³ iau²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /su⁴⁴⁻²² iau²¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-iàu
*** Tâi-lô: si-iàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: si'iaux
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /si⁴⁴⁻²² iau²¹/
*** IPA (Yilan): /si⁴⁴⁻³³ iau²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: su$^1$ iou$^3$ / su$^1$ iao$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: su iòu / su iàu
*** Sinological IPA : /su³³⁻²³ iou²¹³/, /su³³⁻²³ iau²¹³/
* su1 iou3 - Chaozhou;
* su1 iao3 - Shantou.
* Middle Chinese: sju 'jiewH
Rime :
| Character | 需 | 要 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 相俞切 | 於笑切 |
| Baxter | sju | 'jiewH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨo/ | /ʔiᴇu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sio/ | /ʔiɛu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sio/ | /ʔjæu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /suə̆/ | /ʔiaw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /sio/ | /ʔiɛu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭu/ | /ĭɛu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯u/ | /ʔi̯ɛu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xū | yào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | seoi$^1$ | jiu$^3$ |

### Verb

需要
* to need; to require
    這需要數分鐘。／这需要数分钟。 ― Zhè xūyào shù fēnzhōng. ― This requires several minutes.
       Wǒ xūyào yī wèi kǒuyìyuán. [Pinyin]
       I need an interpreter.
       Nǐ xūyào duōshǎo fùyìnjiàn jiù fùyìn duōshǎo ba. [Pinyin]
       Make as many photocopies as you need.
       Wǒ bù xūyào biérén de liánmǐn. [Pinyin]
       I don't need other people's pity.

#### Synonyms

* 消 (xiāo)
* (Hokkien) 欠用

### Noun

需要
* need; requirement
    生理需要 ― shēnglǐ xūyào ― biological need
* (economics) demand

#### Synonyms

* (need):
* 先決條件 / 先决条件 (xiānjué tiáojiàn)
* 前提 (qiántí)
* 條件 / 条件 (tiáojiàn)
* 要求 (yāoqiú)
* 訴求 / 诉求 (sùqiú)
* 請求 / 请求 (qǐngqiú)
* 需求 (xūqiú)

### Derived terms

* 需要品
* 需要是發明之母 / 需要是发明之母 (xūyào shì fāmíng zhī mǔ)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 需要(じゅよう) (juyō)
* → Korean: 수요(需要) (suyo)
* → Vietnamese: nhu yếu (需要)

### Further reading

* “Entry #22112”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 需 | 要 |
| じゅ Grade: S | よう Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 需要 (MC sju 'jiewH).

### Noun

需(じゅ)要(よう) • (juyō)
* need; requirement
* (economics) demand

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “economics”): 供給(きょうきゅう) (kyōkyū)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 需 | 要 |

### Noun

需要 • (suyo) (hangeul 수요)
* hanja form of 수요 (“need, requirement; demand”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 需 | 要 |

### Adjective

需要
* chữ Hán form of nhu yếu (“of prime necessity; necessary”).