# testis
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin testis.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

testis (plural testes)
* (anatomy) A testicle of a vertebrate.
* (biology) An analogous gland in invertebrates such as the hydra.

#### Related terms

* aberratio testis
* rete testis
* testicle, testicular
* testicond

## Latin
### Etymology 1

For *terstis, from Proto-Italic *tristos, from Proto-Indo-European *tristh₂s ("a third party standing", after the two parties to a contract or dispute), from *tréyes (“three”) and *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare Oscan trstus (“witnesses”, nominative plural).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈtes.tis/, [ˈt̪ɛs̠t̪ɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈtes.tis/, [ˈt̪ɛst̪is]

#### Noun

testis m or f (genitive testis); third declension
* witness
    Synonyms: arbiter, auctor
* one who testifies or attests

##### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

##### Derived terms

* testor

##### Related terms

* testātiō
* testātus
* testificātiō
* testificor
* testimōnium

##### Descendants

* → Italian: teste (learned)
* → Proto-Brythonic: *tɨst
** Middle Welsh: tyst
*** Welsh: tyst

### Etymology 2

Of disputed origin. Perhaps either:
* From some particular use of testis (“witness”), as in "bearing witness to the sex act", or
* Related to testa (“pot, shell”).

#### Noun

testis m (genitive testis); third declension
* testicle
** c. 206 BCE, Plautus, Miles Gloriosus 1426:Si posthac prehendero ego te hīc, carebis testibus.If, after this time, I catch you here again, you will be missing your testicles.

##### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

##### Derived terms

* testiculus

##### Descendants

* → English: testis (learned)
* → Indonesian: testis (learned)
* → Italian: teste (learned)
* → Serbo-Croatian: (learned)
    Cyrillic script: тестис
    Latin script: tȅstis
* → Turkish: testis (learned)

### References

* “testis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “testis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* testis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* testis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. an important witness: testis gravis a witness worthy of all credit: testis locuples an impartial witness: testis incorruptus atque integer to cite a person to give evidence on a matter: aliquem testem alicuius rei (in aliquid) citare to use some one's evidence: aliquem testem adhibere to use some one's evidence: aliquo teste uti to produce as a witness: aliquem testem dare, edere, proferre to produce as a witness: aliquem testem producere to appear as witness against a person: testem prodire (in aliquem) to be convicted by some one's evidence: testibus teneri, convictum esse this shows, proves..: testis est, testatur, declarat
* “testis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “testis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
* ↑ J. Gvozdanović, Indo-European numerals, §12.5.3.1.
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1004
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1090
* ↑ Skutsch, Franz (1897) “Zur lateinischen Grammatik. 4. Testis ‘zeuge’”, in Beiträge zur Kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 23, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 100–104
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “testis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 618
* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “testis”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin testis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /têstis/
* Hyphenation: te‧stis

### Noun

tȅstis m (Cyrillic spelling те̏стис)
* (anatomy) testicle

#### Declension
## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin testis.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

testis (definite accusative testisi, plural testisler)
* testicle
    Synonym: er bezi

#### See also

* taşak (vulgar)