# sema
## Asturian
### Verb

sema
* third-person singular present indicative of semar
* second-person singular imperative of semar

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Arabic سَمَاء (samāʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: se‧ma

### Noun

sema
* sky
    Synonym: kök

#### Declension
### References

* “sema”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

sema
* third-person singular past historic of semer

### Anagrams

* âmes

## Maltese

* Root
* s-m-w
* 3 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic سَمَاء (samāʔ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɛ.ma/
* Homophone: sema’ (except archaically)

### Noun

sema m or f (plural smewwiet)
* sky
* (religion) heaven
    Synonym: ġenna
** 2008, Trevor Żahra, Il-Ġenn li Jżommni f’Sikti, Merlin Publishers, →ISBN:Is-sema bagħatlu sabi u s-sultan żamm kelmtu!(please add an English translation of this quotation)

## Old Tupi
### Etymology

From sem + -a.

### Noun

sema (possessable)
* exit; leaving (action of going out or going away)

#### Derived terms

* pirasema

#### Descendants

* Nheengatu: sema

### References

* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “sema”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 441, column 1

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀲𑁂𑀫 (Brahmi script)
* सेम (Devanagari script)
* সেম (Bengali script)
* සෙම (Sinhalese script)
* သေမ (Burmese script)
* เสม or เสมะ (Thai script)
* ᩈᩮᨾ (Tai Tham script)
* ເສມ or ເສມະ (Lao script)
* សេម (Khmer script)
* 𑄥𑄬𑄟 (Chakma script)

### Verb

sema
* first-person plural present/imperative active of seti (“to sleep”)

## Pele-Ata
### Noun

sema
* woman
* wife

### Further reading

* Kazuo Hashimoto, Ata – English dictionary (2008), page 16

## Sakizaya
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sə.ˈma/, [s(ə).ˈma]

### Noun

sema
* (anatomy) tongue

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Verb

-sema (infinitive kusema)
* to say, speak

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of -sema :
| Positive present | -nasema |
| Subjunctive | -seme |
| Negative | -semi |
| Imperative singular | sema |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kusema |
| Negative | kutosema |
Imperatives :
| Singular | sema |
| Plural | semeni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | husema |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -lisema |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kusema |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -tasema |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -tasema |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -siseme |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngesema |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singesema |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalisema |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalisema |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -mesema |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshasema |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jasema |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kisema |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -siposema |
| Consecutive | kasema / positive subject concord + -kasema |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -kaseme |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :

#### Derived terms

* Verbal derivations:
** Applicative: -semea
** Causative: -semesha
** Passive: -semwa (“be said”)
** Reciprocal: -semana
** Stative: -semeka
* Nominal derivations:
** msema
** msemaji
** msemi
** msemo
** usemi

#### See also

* -ongea

### Interjection

sema
* informal greeting; also used to continue a conversation

## Ternate
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈse.ma]

### Verb

sema
* (impersonal) to exist
    sema mancia toma ngara ― there is a person at the door
* (intransitive) to exist
    nyao isema toma hito ― the fish is in the kitchen
* (transitive) to have, own
    Ngori tosema pipi ― I have money

#### Usage notes

The word sema is never negated with ua, which would be ungrammatical. Instead, the verb malo or the construction kama ... ua is used for the negation of existence.

#### Conjugation
### References

* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /seˈmaː/
* Hyphenation: se‧ma

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish سما (semā, “the sky, heaven, a cover, roof, clouds, rain”), from Arabic سَمَاء (samāʔ, “the sky/skies, heaven, space”).

#### Noun

sema (definite accusative semayı, plural semalar or (dated) semavat)
* (poetic) The sky, heaven.
    Synonyms: gök, gökyüzü, gök kubbe, feza

##### Declension

singular
plural
nominative
sema
semalar
definite accusative
semayı
semaları
dative
semaya
semalara
locative
semada
semalarda
ablative
semadan
semalardan
genitive
semanın
semaların
Possessive forms
nominative
singular
plural
1st singular
semam
semalarım
2nd singular
seman
semaların
3rd singular
seması
semaları
1st plural
semamız
semalarımız
2nd plural
semanız
semalarınız
3rd plural
semaları
semaları
definite accusative
singular
plural
1st singular
semamı
semalarımı
2nd singular
semanı
semalarını
3rd singular
semasını
semalarını
1st plural
semamızı
semalarımızı
2nd plural
semanızı
semalarınızı
3rd plural
semalarını
semalarını
dative
singular
plural
1st singular
semama
semalarıma
2nd singular
semana
semalarına
3rd singular
semasına
semalarına
1st plural
semamıza
semalarımıza
2nd plural
semanıza
semalarınıza
3rd plural
semalarına
semalarına
locative
singular
plural
1st singular
semamda
semalarımda
2nd singular
semanda
semalarında
3rd singular
semasında
semalarında
1st plural
semamızda
semalarımızda
2nd plural
semanızda
semalarınızda
3rd plural
semalarında
semalarında
ablative
singular
plural
1st singular
semamdan
semalarımdan
2nd singular
semandan
semalarından
3rd singular
semasından
semalarından
1st plural
semamızdan
semalarımızdan
2nd plural
semanızdan
semalarınızdan
3rd plural
semalarından
semalarından
genitive
singular
plural
1st singular
semamın
semalarımın
2nd singular
semanın
semalarının
3rd singular
semasının
semalarının
1st plural
semamızın
semalarımızın
2nd plural
semanızın
semalarınızın
3rd plural
semalarının
semalarının :

##### Derived terms

* alaimisema
* semavi

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish سماع (semāʿ, “hearing, hearsay, music”), from Arabic سَمَاع (samāʕ, “attestation”) verbal noun of سَمِعَ (samiʕa, “to hear”).

#### Noun

sema (definite accusative semayı, plural semalar)
* (obsolete) The act of hearing.
* (Islam, Sufism) The Sama ceremony of the Mevlevi Order.

##### Derived terms

* semai
* semazen

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سما”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1075
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “sema1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سماع”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1076
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “sema2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “sema”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “sema”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4135

## Venetan
### Adjective

sema
* feminine singular of semo