# रुग्ण
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रुग्ण (rugṇa).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɾʊɡ.ɳᵊ/

### Adjective

रुग्ण • (rugṇa) (indeclinable)
* (rare, formal) diseased, sick, infirm

#### Related terms

* रुग्णालय (rugṇālay)

### References

* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “रुग्ण”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “रुग्ण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Marathi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रुग्ण (rugṇa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾuɡ.ɳə/
* Hyphenation: रुग्‧ण, रु‧ग्ण
* Rhymes: -ə

### Noun

रुग्ण • (rugṇa) m or f
* patient

#### Derived terms

* रुग्णवाहिका (rugṇavāhikā, “ambulance”)
* रुग्णालय (rugṇālay, “hospital”)

### References

* Berntsen Date, Molesworth, Tulpule/Feldhaus Vaze (2022) “रुग्ण”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Marathi Dictionaries]

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৰুগ্ণ (Assamese script)
* ᬭᬸᬕ᭄ᬡ (Balinese script)
* রুগ্ণ (Bengali script)
* 𑰨𑰲𑰐𑰿𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀭𑀼𑀕𑁆𑀡 (Brahmi script)
* ရုဂ္ဏ (Burmese script)
* રુગ્ણ (Gujarati script)
* ਰੁਗ੍ਣ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌰𑍁𑌗𑍍𑌣 (Grantha script)
* ꦫꦸꦒ꧀ꦟ (Javanese script)
* 𑂩𑂳𑂏𑂹𑂝 (Kaithi script)
* ರುಗ್ಣ (Kannada script)
* រុគ្ណ (Khmer script)
* ຣຸຄ຺ຓ (Lao script)
* രുഗ്ണ (Malayalam script)
* ᡵᡠᡤᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘨𑘳𑘐𑘿𑘜 (Modi script)
* ᠷᠤᠺᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧈𑧔𑦰𑧠𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐬𑐸𑐐𑑂𑐞 (Newa script)
* ରୁଗ୍ଣ (Odia script)
* ꢬꢸꢔ꣄ꢠ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆫𑆶𑆓𑇀𑆟 (Sharada script)
* 𑖨𑖲𑖐𑖿𑖜 (Siddham script)
* රුග‍්ණ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩼𑩒𑩞 𑪙𑩪 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚤𑚰𑚌𑚶𑚘 (Takri script)
* ருக்³ண (Tamil script)
* రుగ్ణ (Telugu script)
* รุคฺณ (Thai script)
* རུ་གྞ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒩𑒳𑒑𑓂𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨫𑨃𑨍𑩇𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lug-nó-s. Related to Latin luxus, Ancient Greek λοξός (loxós), Lithuanian lugnas and Old Norse lykna. Also related to रोग (roga) and रुजति (rujati).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɾuɡ.ɳɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɾuɡ.ɳɐ/

### Adjective

रुग्ण • (rugṇá) stem
* broken, bent, shattered, injured, checked
** c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
* diseased, sick, infirm

#### Declension
### Noun

रुग्ण • (rugṇá) stem, n
* a cleft, fissure
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.31.6:विदद्यदी सरमा रुग्णम्अद्रेर्महि पाथः पूर्व्यं सध्र्यक्कः । अग्रं नयत्सुपद्यक्षराणामच्छा रवं प्रथमा जानती गात् ॥vidadyadī saramā rugṇamadrermahi pāthaḥ pūrvyaṃ sadhryakkaḥ. agraṃ nayatsupadyakṣarāṇāmacchā ravaṃ prathamā jānatī gāt.When Saramā had found the mountain's fissure, that vast and ancient place she plundered thoroughly. In the floods' van she led them forth, light-footed: she who well knew came first unto their lowing.

#### Derived terms

* Pali: lugga
* → Hindi: रुग्ण (rugṇa) (learned)
* → Marathi: रुग्ण (rugṇa) (learned)
    Devanagari script: रुग्ण
    Modi script: 𑘨𑘳𑘐𑘿𑘜

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “रुग्ण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 882.
* Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “रुग्ण”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “rugṇá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press