# سفط
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

* Root
* س ف ط (s f ṭ)
* 1 term

#### Verb

سَفُطَ • (safuṭa) I (non-past يَسْفُطُ (yasfuṭu), verbal noun سَفَاطَة (safāṭa)) (archaic)
* to be gleeful, to be blissful, to be free of narrowness in mind, to be liberal

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

سَفَّطَ • (saffaṭa) II (non-past يُسَفِّطُ (yusaffiṭu), verbal noun تَسْفِيط (tasfīṭ)) (archaic)
* to loam, to besmear

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

Interrelated with the roots ش ف ط (š f ṭ), س ف ف (s f f) and ش ف ف (š f f) meaning "to take something into one's mouth", "to lick up"; "to render lean or emaciate", "to leave emptied or exhausted"; both roots feature the meaning "to drink up much water". The /ط/ is perhaps a dialectal variant of verb form VIII إشْتَفَّ (ʔištaffa, “to drink all that is in a vessel, drinking to last drop, to drink without satisfying thirst; to die, to be drained of one's measure of life”).

#### Verb

سَفَطَ • (safaṭa) I (non-past يَسْفُطُ (yasfuṭu), verbal noun سَفْط (safṭ))
* to suck or drink up
* to drink up entirely, to chug, to empty
* to absorb
* to remove excess, to drain away, to siphon off
* to descale
* (medicine) to aspirate

##### Conjugation
#### Noun

سَفْط • (safṭ) m
* verbal noun of سَفَطَ (safaṭa) (form I)
** descaling
** (medicine) aspiration, suction

##### Declension
#### Noun

سَفَط • (safaṭ) m (plural أَسْفَاط (ʔasfāṭ))
* scale (of fish)
    Synonyms: فَلْس (fals), حَرْشَف (ḥaršaf)
** a. 1200, Dietrich, Albert, editor, Dioscurides triumphans. Ein anonymer arabischer Kommentar (Ende 12. Jahrh. n. Chr.) zur Materia medica. 1. Teil: Arabischer Text (Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen. Philologisch-historische Klasse; Folge 3, Nr. 172), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, published 1988, →ISBN, page 42 Buch II Nr. 25:سلوروس قال س: وهي الجِرّيِّ، وهو حوت طويل له خرطوم ساطٍ أملس بلا أسفاط يكون في نيل مصر، ويقول العامّة إنّه السلباح وذلك خطأ، والشيعة لا تأكل الجرّيّ وكذلك اليهود، وهو سماريس.σίλουρος S says: It is the slime-eel, and it is a long fish with an elongate snout, smooth without scales, living in Egypt’s Nile. People say it to be the eel, but this is false. Shiites eat the slime-eel not, neither do the Jews. It is also the picarel (σμαρίς).

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Aramaic סַפְטָא / ܣܰܦܛܳܐ (sap̄əṭā), from Middle Persian equivalent to Persian سپت (sapat) now سبد (sabad).

#### Noun

سَفَط • (safaṭ) m (plural أَسْفَاط (ʔasfāṭ))
* basket, frail, scuttle
** a. 675, Ḥasan ibn Ṯābit, ألا دفنتم رسول الله في سفط:أَلَا دَفَنْتُم رَسُولَ اللّٰهِ فِي سَفَطٍ — مِنَ الْأَلُوَّةِ وَٱلكَافُورِ مَنْضُودِʔalā dafantum rasūla llāhi fī safaṭin — mina l-ʔaluwwati wal-kāfūri manḍūdiVerily you buried God’s prophet in a basket – layered of aloe and camphorwood!

##### Descendants

* → Catalan: safata
* → Galician: azafate
* → Portuguese: açafate
* → Spanish: azafate

### References

* “spṭ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “سپت”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 79–80
* Freytag, Georg (1833) “سفط”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 323
* Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “سفط”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C$^{ie}$, page 1100a
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “سفط”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1382
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “سفط”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 496