# hem
## English
### Etymology 1

A sound uttered in imitation of clearing the throat (onomatopoeia)

#### Pronunciation

* enPR: hĕm, IPA: /hɛm/
** (pin–pen merger) IPA: /hɪm/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛm
* Homophone: him (pin–pen merger)

#### Interjection

hem
* Used to fill in the gap of a pause with a vocalized sound.

#### Noun

hem (plural hems)
* An utterance or sound of the voice like "hem", often indicative of hesitation or doubt, sometimes used to call attention.
** January 8, 1712', John Dryden, The Spectator No. 269
    his morning hems

#### Verb

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)
* To make the sound expressed by the word hem; to hesitate in speaking.
** 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:Hem, and stroke thy beard.
** 1847 December, Ellis Bell [pseudonym; Emily Brontë], chapter II, in Wuthering Heights: […], volume I, London: Thomas Cautley Newby, […], →OCLC:“Sit down,” said the young man, gruffly. “He’ll be in soon.” I obeyed; and hemmed, and called the villain Juno, who deigned, at this second interview, to move the extreme tip of her tail, in token of owning my acquaintance.

##### Derived terms

* hem and haw, hem and hah
* hem up

##### Translations
#### See also

* ahem
* haw

### Etymology 2

From Middle English hem, hemm, in turn from Old English hem, of West Germanic origin, from Proto-West Germanic *hammjan. Related to Middle High German hemmen (“to hem in”), Old Norse hemja (“to hem in, restrain”); outside of Germanic, to Armenian քամել (kʻamel, “to press, wring”), Russian ком (kom, “lump”).
The verb is from Middle English hemmen, from Old English hemman, from Proto-Germanic *hamjaną, or alternatively derived from the noun.

#### Pronunciation

* enPR: hĕm, IPA: /hɛm/
** (pin–pen merger) IPA: /hɪm/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛm
* Homophone: him (pin–pen merger)

#### Noun

hem (plural hems)
* (sewing) The border of an article of clothing doubled back and stitched together to finish the edge and prevent it from fraying.
* A rim or margin of something.
** c. 1605–1608, William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iv]:Entombed upon the very hem o' th' sea
* In sheet metal design, a rim or edge folded back on itself to create a smooth edge and to increase strength or rigidity.

##### Derived terms

* hem-line
* kiss someone's hem
* kiss the hem of someone's garment
* touch someone's hem
* touch the hem of someone's garment
* touch the hem of someone's robe

##### Translations

Arabic: هُدُب m (hudub), هُدْب m (hudb), حَاشِيَة f (ḥāšiya)
Bulgarian: подгъв m (podgǎv), ръб (bg) m (rǎb)
Catalan: vora (ca) f
Chinese:
Cantonese: 褶邊 / 褶边 (zip$^3$ bin$^1$)
Mandarin: 貼邊 / 贴边 (zh) (tiēbiān)
Cimbrian: dantza (of a skirt)
Czech: lem (cs) m, obruba f
Dutch: zoom (nl)
Egyptian: (npnpt f)
Esperanto: orlo (eo), eĝo sg
Finnish: päärme (fi), palle (fi), palte (fi)
French: ourlet (fr) m
Galician: basta (gl) f, bastilla f, rodo (gl) m, xareta f, vaíña (gl) f, alorza f, ganduxo m, falso (gl) m
German: Saum (de) m
Greek: στρίφωμα (el) n (strífoma)
Ancient: κράσπεδον n (kráspedon), λῶμα n (lôma), ὄα f (óa)
Hungarian: szegély (hu)
Icelandic: faldur (is) m, brydding (is) f
Ingrian: päärme
Italian: orlo (it) m
Japanese: 裾 (ja) (すそ, suso)
Maori: kurupatu (decorated), remu, whiringa
Norman: ouôlet m (Jersey), ouôlîn m (Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: fald m
Old English: fæs n, fnæs n, fnæd n
Pashto: لمن (ps) f (lamən)
Persian: سجاف (fa) (sejâf), فرآویز (far-âviz)
Polish: obrębek m, obszycie n
Portuguese: bainha (pt) f
Russian: ободо́к (ru) m (obodók), кайма́ (ru) f (kajmá), (подши́тый) край (ru) m (kraj), кро́мка (ru) f (krómka), подгибка (ru) f (podgibka)
Sanskrit: दशा (sa) f (daśā)
Scottish Gaelic: fàitheam m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ру̑б m, по̀руб m
Roman: rȗb (sh) m, pòrub (sh) m
Slovak: lem m, obruba f
Spanish: dobladillo (es) m, bastilla f, hilván m, repulgo (es) m
Swedish: fåll (sv)
Tagalog: lilip
Yakan: kikim :

#### Verb

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)
* (sewing, intransitive) To make a hem.
* (transitive) To put hem on an article of clothing, to edge or put a border on something.
* (transitive) To shut in, enclose, confine; to surround something or someone in a confining way.
    A small yard hemmed about by a tall hedge.
** 1862, John Williamson Palmer, Stonewall Jackson's Way :He’s in the saddle now. Fall in! Steady, the whole brigade! Hill’s at the ford, cut off — we’ll win his way out, ball and blade! What matter if our shoes are worn? What matter if our feet are torn? “Quick step! We’re with him before the morn!” That’s “Stonewall Jackson’s Way.” The sun’s bright lances rout the mists of morning, and by George! Here’s Longstreet struggling in the lists, hemmed in an ugly gorge. Pope and his Yankees, whipped before, “Bay’nets and grape!” hear Stonewall roar; “Charge, Stuart! Pay off Ashby’s score!” in “Stonewall Jackson’s Way.

##### Derived terms

* hem in
* hemmer

##### Translations
### Etymology 3

From Middle English hem, from Old English heom (“them”, dative), originally a dative plural form but in Middle English coming to serve as an accusative plural as well. More at 'em.

#### Pronoun

hem
* Obsolete form of 'em.
** 1481, William Caxton, The Historie of Reynart the Foxe:And wente to the kinge and to the queene, and said to hem with a glad cheer.
** 1485, William Caxton, Paris and Vienne:For eyther of hem mayntened.
** 1591, John Florio, Second Frutes to be gathered of twelve trees, of diverse but delightful tastes to the tongues of Italian and English:‘What thinke you of this English, tel me I pray you.’ ‘It is a language that wyl do you good in England but passe Dover, it is woorth nothing.’ ‘Is it not used then in other countreyes?’ ‘No sir, with whom wyl you that they speake?’ ‘With English marchants.’ ‘English marchantes, when they are out of England, it liketh hem not, and they doo not speake it.
** 1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “May. Ægloga Quinta.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Iohn Wolfe for Iohn Harrison the yonger, […], →OCLC:Tho to the greene wood they speeden hem all.
** 1598, Beniamin Ionson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Euery Man in His Humour. A Comœdie. […]”, in The Workes of Beniamin Ionson (First Folio), London: […] Will[iam] Stansby, published 1616, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):Except we make hem such.
** 1605 August (first performance), Geo[rge] Chapman, Ben Ionson, Ioh[n] Marston, Eastward Hoe. […], London: […] [George Eld] for William Aspley, published September 1605, →OCLC, (please specify the page):They go forth on Holydays and gather hem by the seashore.

### Further reading

* “hem”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “hem”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “hem”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Anagrams

* Meh, meh, ehm

## Bislama
### Alternative forms

* em

### Etymology

From English him. Cognate with Tok Pisin em.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhem/
* Hyphenation: hem

### Pronoun

hem
* he, she, it; him, her

#### See also
### References

* Terry Crowley (2004) Bislama Reference Grammar, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi press, →ISBN, page 46

## Catalan
### Verb

hem
* first-person plural present indicative of haver

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch hem, from Old Dutch himo, from Proto-Germanic *himmai.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦɛm/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: hem
* Rhymes: -ɛm
* Homophone: Hem

### Pronoun

hem
* (personal) Third-person singular, masculine, objective: him
    Stuur dat maar naar hem. ― Send that to him.
* (personal) The tagger in a game of tag: it

#### Declension

| | subject | subject | object | object | possessive | possessive | possessive | reflexive | genitive$^5$ |
| singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | | |
| 1st person | ik | 'k$^1$ | mij | me | mijn | m'n$^1$ | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
| 2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
| 2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
| 2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u, zich$^7$ | uwer, uws |
| 3rd person masculine | hij | ie$^1$ | hem | 'm$^1$ | zijn | z'n$^1$ | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
| 3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r$^1$, 'r$^1$, d'r$^1$ | haar | h'r$^1$, 'r$^1$, d'r$^1$ | hare | zich | harer, haars |
| 3rd person neuter | het | 't$^1$ | het | 't$^1$ | zijn | z'n$^1$ | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
| plural | | | | | | | | | |
| 1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze$^2$ | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
| 2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
| 2nd person archaic or regiolectal$^6$ | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
| 2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u, zich$^7$ | uwer, uws |
| 3rd person | zij | ze | hen$^3$, hun$^4$ | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
| $^{1)}$ Not as common in written language. $^{2)}$ Inflected as an adjective. $^{3)}$ In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). $^{4)}$ In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). $^{5)}$ Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. $^{6)}$ To differentiate from the singular gij, gelle (object form elle) and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms are gijlieden and gijlui ("you people"). | $^{1)}$ Not as common in written language. $^{2)}$ Inflected as an adjective. $^{3)}$ In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). $^{4)}$ In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). $^{5)}$ Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. $^{6)}$ To differentiate from the singular gij, gelle (object form elle) and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms are gijlieden and gijlui ("you people"). | $^{1)}$ Not as common in written language. $^{2)}$ Inflected as an adjective. $^{3)}$ In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). $^{4)}$ In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). $^{5)}$ Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. $^{6)}$ To differentiate from the singular gij, gelle (object form elle) and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms are gijlieden and gijlui ("you people"). | $^{1)}$ Not as common in written language. $^{2)}$ Inflected as an adjective. $^{3)}$ In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). $^{4)}$ In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). $^{5)}$ Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. $^{6)}$ To differentiate from the singular gij, gelle (object form elle) and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms are gijlieden and gijlui ("you people"). | $^{7)}$ Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u, e.g. Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g. Meld u aan! 'Log in!', where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, both u and zich are equally possible, e.g. U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.' | $^{7)}$ Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u, e.g. Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g. Meld u aan! 'Log in!', where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, both u and zich are equally possible, e.g. U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.' | $^{7)}$ Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u, e.g. Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g. Meld u aan! 'Log in!', where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, both u and zich are equally possible, e.g. U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.' | $^{7)}$ Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u, e.g. Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g. Meld u aan! 'Log in!', where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, both u and zich are equally possible, e.g. U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.' | $^{7)}$ Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u, e.g. Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g. Meld u aan! 'Log in!', where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, both u and zich are equally possible, e.g. U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.' | $^{7)}$ Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u, e.g. Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g. Meld u aan! 'Log in!', where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, both u and zich are equally possible, e.g. U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.' |

#### Descendants

* Javindo: gem
* Jersey Dutch: häm
* Negerhollands: em, am, an, ham, him, hem
** → Virgin Islands Creole: ahm, am

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛm/
* Audio:(file)

### Interjection

hem
* interjection expressing doubt and/or hesitation

### Further reading

* “hem”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Gagauz
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hjem/, /çem/

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish هَمْ (häm), from Persian هم (ham). Compare Turkish hem, Azerbaijani həm. Related to English same.

#### Conjunction

hem
* and
    Synonym: -län
    İnsannar hem insannıkpeople and humanity
    sän hem bänyou and I
* (as hem... hem...) both... and...
    hem o hem bänboth him and I
    hem ölä, hem böläboth like this and like that

##### Related terms

* hemen
* hep

### Etymology 2
#### Adverb

hem
* Alternative form of en

### References

* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hem”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “хем”, in Gagauzsko-Russko-Moldavskij Slovarʹ [Gagauz-Russian-Moldovan Dictionary], Moskva: Izdatelʹstvo Sovetskaja Enciklopedija, →ISBN, page 518
* Kopuşçu M. İ. , Todorova S. A. , Kiräkova T.İ., editors (2019), “hem”, in Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 5-12, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 79

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhɛm]
* Hyphenation: hem
* Rhymes: -ɛm

### Noun

hem (plural hemek)
* (biochemistry) heme (component of hemoglobin)

#### Derived terms

* hemmolekula
* hemoxigenáz
* hemszintézis

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɛːm/
* Rhymes: -ɛːm

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hem, related to eimr (“vapor”).

#### Noun

hem n (genitive singular hems, nominative plural hem)
* thin layer of ice
    Synonym: skæni

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Verb

hem (weak)
* first-person singular present indicative of hemja
* second-person singular imperative of hemja

### References

* ↑ Ferguson, R. (1873). The Dialect of Cumberland. United Kingdom: Williams and Norgate, p. 69

## Indonesian
### Etymology 1

From Dutch hemd, from Middle Dutch hemde, hemede, from Old Dutch *hemithi, from Proto-Germanic *hamiþiją.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhɛm]
* Hyphenation: hèm

#### Noun

hèm (plural hem-hem)
* shirt, an article of clothing that is worn on the upper part of the body, and often has sleeves, either long or short, that cover the arms.
    Synonym: kemeja

### Etymology 2

From English heme.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhɛm]
* Hyphenation: hèm

#### Noun

hèm (plural hem-hem)
* (biochemistry) heme: the component of hemoglobin (and other hemoproteins) responsible for binding oxygen.

### Etymology 3

A sound uttered in imitation of clearing the throat (onomatopoeia).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhəm]
* Hyphenation: hêm

#### Interjection

hêm
* Used to express furious, etc.

### Further reading

* “hem” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Almost certainly an ad-hoc natural exclamation (do any sources explicitly label it as such in terms of etymological studies?)”

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /hem/, [hɛ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /em/, [ɛm]

### Interjection

hem
* eh?, well well! (expressing surprise)

#### Related terms

* ehem

### References

* “hem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “hem”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology 1

From Old Dutch himo, from Proto-Germanic *himmai.

#### Pronoun

hem
* accusative/dative of hi
* dative of het

### Etymology 2

From Old Dutch hin, from Proto-Germanic *himaz.

#### Pronoun

hem
* accusative/dative of si (“they”)

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English heom, from Proto-Germanic *himaz, masculine and neuter dative plural of *hiz. Compare þem.

#### Pronoun

hem (nominative he)
* Third-person plural accusative pronoun: them
** 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 9–11.
    And smale foweles maken melodye, / That slepen al the nyght with open eye- / (So priketh hem Nature in hir corages);And many little birds make melody / That sleep through all the night with open eye / (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)
** 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:And with alle these men I was ofte homli and I comownede with hem long tyme and fele, and so bifore alle othir men I chees wilfulli to be enformed bi hem and of hem, and speciali of Wiclef himsilf, as of the moost vertuous and goodlich wise man that I herde of owhere either knew.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** c. 1539, Murdoch Nisbet, The New Testament:He prayis hem to lyue releg[ious] lyff[is] and to luk waraly for the cummyng of the lord.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (reflexive) themselves

##### Alternative forms

* heme, hemme, heom, heon, hoem, hom, home, huem, hum, ham, hame, him, hym, em, am, ȝam

##### Descendants

* English: 'em, hem
* Fingallian: a'me
* Yola: aam

##### See also

| | | | nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | possessive |
| singular | 1st-person | 1st-person | I, ich, ik | me | me | min mi$^1$ | min |
| singular | 2nd-person | 2nd-person | þou | þe | þe | þin þi$^1$ | þin |
| singular | 3rd-person | m | he | him hine$^2$ | him | his | his hisen |
| singular | 3rd-person | f | sche, heo | hire heo | hire | hire | hire hires, hiren |
| singular | 3rd-person | n | hit | hit | hit him$^2$ | his, hit | — |
| dual$^3$ | 1st-person | 1st-person | wit | unk | unk | unker | unker |
| dual$^3$ | 2nd-person | 2nd-person | ȝit | inc | inc | inker | inker |
| plural | 1st-person | 1st-person | we | us, ous | us, ous | oure | oure oures, ouren |
| plural | 2nd-person$^4$ | 2nd-person$^4$ | ye | yow | yow | your | your youres, youren |
| plural | 3rd-person | inh. | he | hem he$^2$ | hem | here | here heres, heren |
| plural | 3rd-person | bor. | þei | þem, þeim | þem, þeim | þeir | þeir þeires, þeiren |
$^1$Used preconsonantally or before h. $^2$Early or dialectal. $^3$Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third-person dual forms in Middle English. $^4$Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

##### References

* “hem, pron.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2

From Old English hem. See English hem for more.

#### Noun

hem
* hem (edge of cloth or garment)
* edge, boundary

##### Alternative forms

* heme, hemme, hemn, hemne

##### Descendants

* English: hem
* Scots: hem, heme

#### References

* “hem, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronoun

hem
* Alternative form of him (“him”)

## Northern Kurdish
### Conjunction

hem
* and

#### See also

* herwiha
* û

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

hem
* imperative of hemme

## Old Dutch
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *haim, from Proto-Germanic *haimaz.

### Noun

hēm n
* home, house
* hamlet

#### Descendants

* Middle Dutch: hêem, heim
** Dutch: heem, heim (possibly from German), -em, -hem, -gem (in placenames)
*** Afrikaans: heim
** Limburgish: heim

#### Further reading

* “hēm”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xem/, [hem]

### Noun

hem m
* hem, border

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “hem”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

## Old Frisian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈheːm/, [ˈhɛːm]

### Noun

hēm m
* Alternative form of hām

#### References

* Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 28

## Pijin
### Alternative forms

* hemi

### Etymology

From English him.

### Pronoun

hem
* he/she/it (third-person singular pronoun)
** 1988, Geoffrey Miles White, Bikfala faet: olketa Solomon Aelanda rimembarem Wol Wo Tu‎, page 75:Bihaen hemi finisim skul blong hem, hemi go minista long sios long ples blong hem long 'Areo.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### See also
## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ẽj̃
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈẽj̃/ [ˈẽɪ̯̃]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɐ̃j̃/
* Rhymes: -ɐ̃j̃
* Hyphenation: hem

### Interjection

hem
* Alternative form of hein

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French hème.

### Noun

hem n (plural hemuri)
* heme

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse heim < heimr, from Proto-Germanic *haimaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɛm/
* Audio (Gotland):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛm

### Adverb

hem (not comparable)
* home; to one's home
    Det är dags att gå hem. ― It is time to go home.
    Jag vill hem! ― I want to go home!

### Noun

hem n
* a home; one's dwelling place, as in a house or a more general geographical place; the abiding place of the affections.
    Farmor har städat hemmet.Grandma has been cleaning her home.
* a home; an institution
    Farmor har hamnat på hemmet.Grandma has ended up at the care home.

#### Usage notes

The different senses are commonly distinguished by the use of i or på, like in the given usage examples.

#### Derived terms

* barndomshem
* barnhem
* folkhem
* fosterhem
* fritidshem
* föräldrahem
* gästhem
* hemadress
* hemarbetande
* hemarbete
* hembageri
* hembakad
* hembakt
* hembesök
* hembio
* hembiträde
* hembjuda
* hembrygd
* hembryggd
* hembränd
* hembrännare
* hembränning
* hembränt
* hembud
* hemby
* hembygd
* hembyggd
* hembygge
* hembära
* hembärning
* hemdator
* hemdragande
* hemelektronik
* hemfalla
* hemflyttad
* hemflyttning
* hemforsla
* hemforsling
* hemfrakt
* hemfrakta
* hemfraktning
* hemfrid
* hemfärd
* hemföra
* hemförhållanden
* hemföring
* hemförlossning
* hemförlova
* hemförlovning
* hemförsamling
* hemförskaffa
* hemförsäkring
* hemförsäljning
* hemgift
* hemgjord
* hemgående
* hemgång
* hemgången
* hemhjälp
* hemhjälpare
* hemhörighet
* hemifrån
* hemikring
* heminredare
* heminredning
* hemkalla
* hemkallelse
* hemkallning
* hemkatalog
* hemknutar
* hemkokt
* hemkommen
* hemkommun
* hemkomst
* hemkonsulent
* hemkunskap
* hemkänsla
* hemkär
* hemkärlek
* hemköp
* hemköra
* hemkörd
* hemkörning
* hemkört
* hemlagad
* hemland
* hemlandskap
* hemlig
* hemlik
* hemliv
* hemlov
* hemlån
* hemlånad
* hemlåning
* hemlän
* hemlängtan
* hemläxa
* hemlös
* hemlöshet
* hemma
* hemman
* hemmarsch
* hemmiljö
* hemnummer
* hemom
* hemomkring
* hemort
* hempermanent
* hempermission
* hempermittera
* hempermittering
* hemresa
* hemsamarit
* hemservice
* hemsida
* hemsjukvård
* hemskicka
* hemskickning
* hemskild
* hemskillnad
* hemskydd
* hemsläpa
* hemslöjd
* hemsnickrad
* hemsocken
* hemspråk
* hemspunnen
* hemstad
* hemstickad
* hemställa
* hemställan
* hemstöpt
* hemsydd
* hemsyssla
* hemsända
* hemsändning
* hemsöka
* hemsökelse
* hemsömmerska
* hemsömnad
* hemtagning
* hemtal
* hemtam
* hemteknisk
* hemterminal
* hemtextil
* hemtextilier
* hemtjänst
* hemtrakt
* hemtransport
* hemtransportera
* hemtrevlig
* hemtrevnad
* hemundervisning
* hemuppgift
* hemvan
* hemvist
* hemvård
* hemvårdare
* hemvårdarinna
* hemväg
* hemvända
* hemvärn
* hemvävd
* hemåt
* hemåtvändande
* sjukhem
* skolhem
* soldathem
* vandrarhem
* ålderdomshem

#### Related terms

* hemma

### References

* hem in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* hem in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* hem in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian هم (ham). Doublet of homo-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hæm/, /hɛm/

### Adverb

hem
* and also

### Conjunction

hem … hem …
* both … and
    Synonym: hem … hem de …
    Hem bu hem şu. ― Both this one and that one.