# է

| է | U+0567, &#1383; ARMENIAN SMALL LETTER EH |
| ← զ [U+0566] | Armenian | ը → [U+0568] |

## Armenian
### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /e/, [e]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /e/, [e]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1
#### Letter

է lowercase (uppercase Է)
* The 7th letter of Armenian alphabet, called է (ē). Transliterated as ē. Represents an open-mid front unrounded vowel: [ɛ]. In Old Armenian it must have been a diphthong-like vowel [e(j)]

#### See also

* (The Armenian script): Աա Բբ Գգ Դդ Եե Զզ Էէ Ըը Թթ Ժժ Իի Լլ Խխ Ծծ Կկ Հհ Ձձ Ղղ Ճճ Մմ Յյ Նն Շշ Ոո Չչ Պպ Ջջ Ռռ Սս Վվ Տտ Րր Ցց Ււ Փփ Քք Օօ Ֆֆ
* (Letter combinations): ու և ﬔ ﬕ ﬓ ﬗ ﬖ
* (Dialectological): ՠ / ա̈ ա̊ ա̄ ը̂ է̀ էօ / օ̈ էօ̀ / օ̈̀ իւ / ո̈ւ գ$^յ$ կ$^յ$ ք$^յ$ հ$^յ$ բՙ դՙ գՙ ձՙ ջՙ ղՙ ֈ ʔ
* (Punctuation):  ՙ  ՚ ՛ ՜ ՝ ՞ ՟ ․ ։ ֊
* (Symbols): ֏ ֎ ֍

#### References

* Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009) Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian (London Oriental and African Language Library; 14), Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, § 1.1.1

### Etymology 2

From Old Armenian է (ē).

#### Alternative forms

* ա (a) — dialectal, colloquial
* ե (e) — 1922–1940 reformed orthography
* յե (ye) — 1922–1940 reformed orthography, following a vowel

#### Pronunciation

(following a vowel:)
* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /je/, [je]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /je/, [je]
(following a consonant:)
* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /e/, [e]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /e/, [e]

#### Verb

է • (ē)
* third-person singular present of եմ (em)
    Նա հայ է։ ― Na hay ē. ― He is an Armenian.
    Նա հայ չէ։ ― Na hay čʻē. ― He is not an Armenian.
    Նա գիրքը կարդալու է։ ― Na girkʻə kardalu ē. ― He will read the book.

### Etymology 3

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian է (ē).

#### Noun

է • (ē) (dated)
* being, existence, something or someone that exists, onto-
* God

##### Derived terms

* հնէաբան (hnēaban)
* մանրէ (manrē)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From Proto-Armenian *ei, from *eti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti, the regular reflex of which would have been *եստ (*est). We are dealing here with the analogical influence of the corresponding ending of thematic verbs (compare բերէ (berē)) and the analogical extension of the secondary stem *e(h)- deriving from *h₁ésmi.

### Verb

է • (ē)
* third-person singular present active indicative of եմ (em)

### Noun

է • (ē)
* being, existence, something or someone that exists
* God

#### Descendants

* Armenian: է (ē)

### Further reading

* Hrach Martirosyan (2013), Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyan himnaharcʻer (kiraknōrya dasəntʻacʻ), Neracutʻyun
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “է”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “է”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy

## Ottoman Turkish
### Letter

է • (e)
* A letter of the Armeno-Turkish script, named է (e). Represents mid front unrounded vowel: [e]. Transliterated as e.

### See also

* (The Armeno-Turkish script): Աա Գգ Եե Զզ Էէ Ըը Թթ Ժժ Իի Լլ Խխ Կկ Հհ Ղղ Ճճ Մմ Յյ Նն Շշ Չչ Պպ Սս Վվ Տտ Րր Փփ Քք Օօ Ֆֆ ’
* (Primarily in Armenian words): Բբ Դդ Ծծ Ձձ Ջջ Ոո Ռռ Ցց Ււ
* (Letter combinations): էօ իւ ու նկ նղ
* (Punctuation): ՛ ՜ ՝ ՞ ․ ։ ֊