# 庶

| 庶 | U+5EB6, &#24246; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EB6 |
| ← 庵 [U+5EB5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 康 → [U+5EB7] |
| 庶 | U+2F88D, &#194701; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F88D |
| ← 庳 [U+2F88C] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 廊 → [U+2F88E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

庶 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 戈廿火 (ITF), four-corner 0023$_7$, composition ⿸广⿱廿灬)
* numerous, various
* multitude

#### Derived characters

* 𠌮, 嗻, 墌, 嫬, 𡻠, 𢠫, 摭, 㵂, 𤡍, 樜, 熫, 遮, 𤯋, 𤳌, 𧜥, 𤳐, 𥼌, 𦄝, 蟅, 謶, 蹠, 𪪩, 鏣, 𤳯, 䩾, 䭖, 𤳼
* 㫂, 𢋳, 𩔼, 鷓(鹧), 蔗, 䉀, 䗪

#### See also

* 度, 席

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 347, character 20
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9373
* Dae Jaweon: page 657, character 28
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 886, character 15
* Unihan data for U+5EB6
* Unihan data for U+2F88D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 褯 | *zljaːɡs |
| 遮 | *tjaː |
| 蔗 | *tjaːɡs |
| 鷓 | *tjaːɡs |
| 樜 | *tjaːɡs, *hljaɡs |
| 蟅 | *tjaːɡs, *tjaːɡ |
| 嗻 | *tjaːɡs |
| 鍍 | *daː, *daːɡs |
| 度 | *daːɡs, *daːɡ |
| 渡 | *daːɡs |
| 庶 | *hljaɡs |
| 剫 | *daːɡ |
| 踱 | *daːɡ |
| 喥 | *daːɡ |
| 謶 | *tjaɡ |
| 席 | *ljaːɡ |
| 蓆 | *ljaːɡ |
| 墌 | *tjaːɡ |
| 摭 | *tjaːɡ |
| 蹠 | *tjaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljaɡs) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : phonetic 石 (OC *djaɡ, “stone”) + semantic 火 (“fire”). In the small seal script 石 has corrupted into ⿸广廿. Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 广 (“roof”) + 炗 (“light”).
Compare 度 (OC *daːɡs, *daːɡ) and 席 (OC *ljaːɡ).

### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Related to STEDT #2316, PTB *s-(k/g)lak (“to cook”)?”

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shù (shu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): syu$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sù / sìr / sì
    (Teochew, Peng'im): su$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shù
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shù
*** Wade–Giles: shu$^4$
*** Yale: shù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuh
*** Palladius: шу (šu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: syu$^3$
*** Yale: syu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sy$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /syː³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù
*** Tâi-lô: sù
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sux
*** IPA (Taipei): /su¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /su²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr
*** Tâi-lô: sìr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì
*** Tâi-lô: sì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: six
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: su$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sù
*** Sinological IPA : /su²¹³/
* Middle Chinese: syoH
Rime :
| Character | 庶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 商署切 |
| Baxter | syoH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕɨʌ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɔ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕiɔ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕɨə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiɔ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭo$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi̯wo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | syu$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tak-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljaɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 庶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syo$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-tak-s/ |
| English | numerous; commoner |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 庶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11905 |
| Phonetic component | 庶 |
| Rime group | 暮 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 恕 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljaɡs/ |
| Notes | 甲金文火上爲石， 石亦聲，本炙初文 |

### Definitions

庶
* numerous; many
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Rǎn Yǒu yuē: “Jì shù yǐ, yòu hé jiā yān?” Yuē: “Fù zhī.” [Pinyin]
    Ran You said, "Since they are thus numerous, what more shall be done for them?" "Enrich them," was the reply.
* common; ordinary; without title or rank; pertaining to a commoner
    庶人 ― shùrén ― commoner
* (chiefly historical) pertaining to concubinage (a concept in the polygynous practices of traditional Chinese society)
    Antonym: 嫡 (dí)
** (especially) born by a concubine or illegitimate partner

### Compounds

* 富庶 (fùshù)
* 庶人 (shùrén)
* 庶子 (shùzǐ)
* 庶幾 / 庶几 (shùjī)
* 庶母 (shùmǔ)
* 庶民 (shùmín)
* 庶物 (shùwù)
* 支庶 (zhīshù)
* 眾庶 / 众庶 (zhòngshù)
* 黎庶 (líshù)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 庶 |
| Kyūjitai | 庻 |

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* commoner

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょ (sho, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しょ (sho, Jōyō)
* Kun: もろもろ (moromoro, 庶)、こいねがう (koinegau, 庶う)、ちかい (chikai, 庶い)、おおい (ōi, 庶い)
* Nanori: ちかし (chikashi)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 庶 (MC syoH). Recorded as Middle Korean 셔 (sye) (Yale: sye) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰɘ(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [서(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 庶 (eumhun 여러 서 (yeoreo seo))
* hanja form of 서 (“numerous; many”)

#### Compounds

* 서민 (庶民, seomin, “commoners”)
* 서얼 (庶孼, seo'eol, “son of a concubine”)
* 서인 (庶人, seoin, “common people; commoner”)
* 서자 (庶子, seoja, “son of a concubine”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

庶: Hán Việt readings: thứ
庶: Nôm readings: thứ, thừa, xứa
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.