# πάγος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

A nominalization of the verb πήγνυμι (pḗgnumi, “to stick, fasten, build, fix”), meaning "that what is built or fixed"; see also πάγη (págē, “snare, trap”) and Latin pagus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pá.ɡos/ → /ˈpa.ɣos/ → /ˈpa.ɣos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pá.ɡos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpa.ɡos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpa.ɣos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpa.ɣos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpa.ɣos/

### Noun

πᾰ́γος • (pắgos) m (genitive πᾰ́γου); second declension
* mountain peak, rocky hill
** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 117–118:ἵκετο τερμόνιον ἐπὶ πάγον πόνων ἐμῶν θεωρός, ἢ τί δὴ θέλων;híketo termónion epì págon pónōn emôn theōrós, ḕ tí dḕ thélōn?Has someone come to this terminal mountain peak as a witness to my sufferings - or for some other purpose?
* frost
** the scum on the surface of milk
** salt, as formed by the evaporation of seawater

#### Synonyms

* (frost): παγετός (pagetós)
* (milk scum): ἐπίπαγος (epípagos)

#### Derived terms

* Ἄρειος Πᾰ́γος (Áreios Pắgos)

#### Descendants

* English: -pagus
* Romani: -paho

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πάγη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1141

### Further reading

* “πάγος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πάγος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “πάγος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* πάγος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* πάγος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “πάγος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* πάγος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. frost idem, page 347.height idem, page 394.hill idem, page 400.mountain idem, page 543.steep idem, page 815.

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πάγος (págos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɣos/
* Hyphenation: πά‧γος

### Noun

πάγος • (págos) m (plural πάγοι)
* ice (frozen water)
    με πάγο ― me págo ― with ice
    χωρίς πάγο ― chorís págo ― without ice
    σπάω τον πάγο ― spáo ton págo ― break the ice
    Το ψυγείο πρέπει να καθαριστεί επειδή έχει μαζέψει πάγο.To psygeío prépei na katharisteí epeidí échei mazépsei págo.The fridge needs to be cleaned because ice has collected (in it).
* (derogatory, figuratively) cold person, unfriendly person (one metaphorically cold like ice)
    Αυτή η γυναίκα δε χαμογελάει ποτέ· είναι σκέτος πάγος.Aftí i gynaíka de chamogeláei poté; eínai skétos págos.That woman never smiles — she's a complete ice queen.

#### Related terms

* απάγωτος (apágotos, “not iced, unfrozen”, adjective)
* παγάκι n (pagáki, “ice cube”)
* παγετός m (pagetós, “frost”)
* παγετώνας m (pagetónas, “glacier”)
* παγωμένος (pagoménos, “iced, chilled; frosty”)
* παγωνιά f (pagoniá, “frost”)
* παγώνω (pagóno, “to freeze”)
* παγωτό n (pagotó, “ice cream”)
* πάχνη f (páchni, “frost, hoarfrost”)

### See also

* χιόνι (chióni, “snow”)

### Further reading

* πάγος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$