# seol
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* seól (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* (Munster, Cois Fharraige) IPA: /ʃoːl̪ˠ/
* (Connacht) IPA: /ʃoːlˠ/, /ʃoːl̪ˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ʃɔːlˠ/, /ʃɔːl̪ˠ/

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish séol (“sail; bed, couch; weaving implement, loom; course; manner, way”), borrowed from Old English seġl, seġel, from Proto-Germanic *seglą.

#### Noun

seol m (genitive singular seoil, nominative plural seolta)
* (sailing) sail
    seol a ardú/thógáil ― to hoist sail
    seol a ísliú ― to lower sail
    seol a leagan ― to strike sail
* (literary) covering, canopy
* drift, trend; course, direction; flow, motion
* (crafts) loom
* (literary, uncountable) bed, couch

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
seol
seolta
vocative
a sheoil
a sheolta
genitive
seoil
seolta
dative
seol
seolta
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an seol
na seolta
genitive
an tseoil
na seolta
dative
leis an seol don seol
leis na seolta :

##### Derived terms

* bean seoil (“woman in childbirth”)
* leaba luí seoil (“childbed”)
* long seoil (“sailing ship”)
* luí seoil (“lying in”)
* péist an tseoil (“sail-fish”)
* ribín seoil (“reef-point, gasket”)
* seol bairr (“topsail”)
* seol cinn (“jib”)
* seol cleithe (“gaff-sail”)
* seol deiridh (“mizzen-sail”)
* seol dobróin (“pall of sorrow”)
* seol doininne (“storm-sail, trysail”)
* seol gaoithe móire (“storm-sail, trysail”)
* seol gearr (“shortened sail”)
* seol giortach (“shortened sail”)
* seol innill (“power-loom”)
* seol láimhe (“hand-loom”)
* seol mara (“tidal motion of sea”)
* seol mór (“mainsail”)
* seol spreoide (“sprit-sail”)
* seol stagh (“staysail”)
* seol tosaigh (“foresail”)
* seoléadach (“sailcloth”)
* soitheach seoil (“sailing vessel”)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Irish seólaid (“to sail”), from Old Irish séol (“sail”, noun).

#### Verb

seol (present analytic seolann, future analytic seolfaidh, verbal noun seoladh, past participle seolta) (transitive, intransitive)
* sail
    Synonym: déan seoltóireacht
* send, dispatch; direct, guide
* address
* conduct, handle
    Synonyms: láimhseáil, stiúir
* (electricity, heat) conduct
* (sailing) navigate
    Synonym: loingsigh
* ship (of goods)
* (book, CD) launch
    Synonym: lainseáil

##### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | seolaim | seolann tú; seolair$^†$ | seolann sé, sí | seolaimid | seolann sibh | seolann siad; seolaid$^†$ | a sheolann; a sheolas / a seolann* | seoltar |
| indicative | past | sheol mé; sheolas | sheol tú; sheolais | sheol sé, sí | sheolamar; sheol muid | sheol sibh; sheolabhair | sheol siad; sheoladar | a sheol / ar sheol* | seoladh |
| indicative | past habitual | sheolainn / seolainn‡‡ | sheoltá / seoltá‡‡ | sheoladh sé, sí / seoladh sé, sí‡‡ | sheolaimis; sheoladh muid / seolaimis‡‡; seoladh muid‡‡ | sheoladh sibh / seoladh sibh‡‡ | sheolaidís; sheoladh siad / seolaidís‡‡; seoladh siad‡‡ | a sheoladh / a seoladh* | sheoltaí / seoltaí‡‡ |
| future | future | seolfaidh mé; seolfad | seolfaidh tú; seolfair$^†$ | seolfaidh sé, sí | seolfaimid; seolfaidh muid | seolfaidh sibh | seolfaidh siad; seolfaid$^†$ | a sheolfaidh; a sheolfas / a seolfaidh* | seolfar |
| conditional | conditional | sheolfainn / seolfainn‡‡ | sheolfá / seolfá‡‡ | sheolfadh sé, sí / seolfadh sé, sí‡‡ | sheolfaimis; sheolfadh muid / seolfaimis‡‡; seolfadh muid‡‡ | sheolfadh sibh / seolfadh sibh‡‡ | sheolfaidís; sheolfadh siad / seolfaidís‡‡; seolfadh siad‡‡ | a sheolfadh / a seolfadh* | sheolfaí / seolfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go seola mé; go seolad$^†$ | go seola tú; go seolair$^†$ | go seola sé, sí | go seolaimid; go seola muid | go seola sibh | go seola siad; go seolaid$^†$ | — | go seoltar |
| subjunctive | past | dá seolainn | dá seoltá | dá seoladh sé, sí | dá seolaimis; dá seoladh muid | dá seoladh sibh | dá seolaidís; dá seoladh siad | — | dá seoltaí |
| imperative | imperative | seolaim | seol | seoladh sé, sí | seolaimis | seolaigí; seolaidh$^†$ | seolaidís | — | seoltar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | seoladh | seoladh | seoladh | seoladh | seoladh | seoladh | seoladh | seoladh |
| past participle | past participle | seolta | seolta | seolta | seolta | seolta | seolta | seolta | seolta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

##### Derived terms

* dosheolta (“unnavigable”, adjective)
* inseolta (“navigable”, adjective)
* seoladán (“conduit”)
* seoladh (“sailing”)
* seolaí (“addressee”)
* seoltach (“conductive”, adjective)
* seoltacht (“conductivity”)
* seoltóir (“sailor”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “seol”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “séol”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “séolaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “seol”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “seol”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025