# 政府
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhèngfǔ
       (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җынфу (žɨnfu, III-I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zing$^3$ fu$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zen$^1$ fu$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chṳn-fú
    (Hailu, HRS): zhin$^ˇ$ fu$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zen$^4$ fu$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): céng-hū
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chèng-hú
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^3$ hu$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tsen-fu$_5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhèngfǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhèngfǔ
*** Wade–Giles: chêng$^4$-fu$^3$
*** Yale: jèng-fǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenqfuu
*** Palladius: чжэнфу (čžɛnfu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җынфу (žɨnfu, III-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁴⁴ fou²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^3$ fu$^2$
*** Yale: jing fú
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^3$ fu$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^3$ fu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ³³ fuː³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zen$^1$ fu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sen³³ fu⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳn-fú
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziin fu$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zin$^4$ fu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn⁵⁵ fu³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zhin$^ˇ$ fu$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃin¹¹ fu²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zen$^4$ fu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sən⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fu³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: céng-hū
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ $^{(h-)}$ŋu³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-hú
*** Tâi-lô: tsìng-hú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zeanghuo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hu⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hu⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hu⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ hu⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ hu⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zêng$^3$ hu$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsèng hú
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hu⁵²⁻²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tsen-fu$_5$
*** MiniDict: tsen$^去$ fu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tsen-fu$_2$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən³³ fu⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tsyengH pjuX
Rime :
| Character | 政 | 府 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 之盛切 | 方矩切 |
| Baxter | tsyengH | pjuX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiᴇŋ$^H$/ | /pɨo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɛŋ$^H$/ | /pio$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiæŋ$^H$/ | /pio$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ciajŋ$^H$/ | /puə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiɛŋ$^H$/ | /pio$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭɛŋ$^H$/ | /pĭu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ɛŋ$^H$/ | /pi̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhèng | fǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zing$^3$ | fu$^2$ |

### Noun

政府
* government
    政府債券／政府债券 ― zhèngfǔ zhàiquàn ― government bond
    政府意志 ― zhèngfǔ yìzhì ― government will
    政府關門／政府关门 ― zhèngfǔ guānmén ― government shutdown
    政府部門／政府部门 ― zhèngfǔ bùmén ― branch of government
    新當選的政府／新当选的政府 ― xīn dāngxuǎn de zhèngfǔ ― newly-elected government
       jiǎnshǎo zhèngfǔ guòdù jiānguǎn [Pinyin]
       to reduce excessive government regulations
       Yīngguó zhèngfǔ píng shénme yào gānshè? [Pinyin]
       On what authority can the British government interfere?
       Zhèngfǔ tǐng jìhuì zhège de. [Pinyin]
       The government considers this a taboo topic.
       Zhōngguó zhèngfǔ zài 1970 niándài kāishǐ tuīxíng jìhuàshēngyù. [Pinyin]
       In the 1970s, the Chinese government started to enact the One-Child Policy.

#### Synonyms

* 公班衙 (Malaysian Hokkien)
* 官方 (guānfāng)
* 阿公 (Singapore Hokkien, slang)

### Adjective

政府
* (attributive) government; governmental

### Derived terms

* 中央政府 (zhōngyāng zhèngfǔ)
* 地方政府 (dìfāng zhèngfǔ)
* 市政府 (shìzhèngfǔ)
* 政企 (zhèngqǐ)
* 政府採購 / 政府采购
* 政府軍 / 政府军 (zhèngfǔjūn)
* 政府開支 / 政府开支 (zhèngfǔ kāizhī)
* 政府首腦 / 政府首脑 (zhèngfǔ shǒunǎo)
* 流亡政府 (liúwáng zhèngfǔ)
* 無政府 / 无政府 (wúzhèngfǔ)
* 縣政府 / 县政府 (xiànzhèngfǔ)
* 聯邦政府 / 联邦政府 (liánbāng zhèngfǔ)
* 非政府 (fēizhèngfǔ)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 政府(せいふ) (seifu)
* → Korean: 정부(政府) (jeongbu)
* → Vietnamese: chính phủ (政府)
Others:
* → Sakizaya: cenhu
* → Zhuang: cwngfuj

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 政 | 府 |
| せい Grade: 5 | ふ Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せーふ [séꜜèfù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [se̞ːɸɯ̟]

### Noun

政(せい)府(ふ) • (seifu)
* government
* cabinet

#### Usage notes

In Japanese, seifu especially with demonstratives, refers to the current administration, the prime minister and the cabinet ministers. It could also refer to the permanent ruling bodies, without specifiers.

#### Derived terms

* 連邦政府
* 州政府
* 無政府
* 行政府
* 仮政府
* 合法政府
* 臨時政府
* 暫定政府
* 傀儡政府
* 軍政府
* 権威主義政府
* 中央政府
* 反政府
* 非常事態政府
* 労農政府
* 政府介入
* 政府機関
* 政府筋
* 政府高官
* 非政府組織
* 政府短期証券
* 政府米
* 政府保証債
* 政府開発援助
* 政府間協定
* 政府代表
* 政府調達
* 政府補助金

### References

* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 政 | 府 |

### Noun

政府 • (jeongbu) (hangeul 정부)
* hanja form of 정부 (“government”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 政 | 府 |

### Noun

政府
* chữ Hán form of chính phủ (“government”).