OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Baise
## English
### Alternative forms

* Pai-se (Wade–Giles)
* Poseh (Postal Romanization)

### Etymology

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 百色 (Bǎisè).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baɪ.si/, /baɪ.sə/

### Proper noun

Baise
* A prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China.
** [1969, King C. Chen, Vietnam and China, 1938-1954‎, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 94‎:After having made contact with General Chennault and the OSS, Ho left for Kwangsi to visit the Dong Minh Hoi. This time he went to Paise instead of Liuchow because Liuchow had fallen into Japanese hands on November 11, 1944.]
** [1979, Te-kong Tong, Li Tsung-jen, “Establishment of the Self-governing Armies”, in The Memoirs of Li Tsung-jen (Studies of the East Asian Institute of Columbia University)‎, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 90:Liu Jih-fu was an oldtime Kwangsi military leader. When the Kwangtung army captured Nanning, he withdrew his 3,000 to 4,000 men to Paise (Poseh) near the Yunnan border and fought on there.]
** 2008 June 11, Flora Zhang, “How College Entrance Exams Shortened the Olympic Torch Relay”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-07‎:According to Xinhua news agency, both the route and the timetable of the torch relay were adjusted on Sunday in order to minimize disturbance on the examinees in Baise, a city in southwestern China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
** 2022 February 9, “Why has a Chinese city's lockdown sent aluminium prices surging?”, in France 24‎, archived from the original on 09 February 2022‎:Why did the outbreak in Baise spark fears around the world about the key metal? Where is Baise? Located near the border with Vietnam, Baise is nicknamed the "aluminium capital of southern China". Home to around 3.5 million people, Baise is a hub for aluminium mining and production.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* abies
# Yahwism
## English
### Etymology

From Yahweh +‎ -ism.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjɑːwɪz.əm/

### Noun

Yahwism (uncountable)
* (religion, historical) A religion of Iron Age Israel, believing in a pantheon of gods headed by Yahweh.
* Synonym of Jehovism
# прибиральник
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From прибира́ти (prybyráty) +‎ -льник (-lʹnyk).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prebeˈralʲnek]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

прибира́льник • (prybyrálʹnyk) m pers (genitive прибира́льника, nominative plural прибира́льники, genitive plural прибира́льників, feminine прибира́льниця)
* cleaner

#### Related terms

* прибира́ння n (prybyránnja)
* прибира́ти impf (prybyráty), прибра́ти pf (prybráty)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1976), “прибиральник”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 7 (Поїхати – Приробляти), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 554
* “прибиральник”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “прибиральник”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “прибиральник”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “прибиральник”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “прибиральник”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# বোঝা
## Bengali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bod͡ʒʱa/, [ˈbod͡ʒʱaˑ]
    Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -od͡ʒʱa
* Hyphenation: বো‧ঝা

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Magadhi Prakrit *𑀩𑀼𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀢𑁂 (*bujjhate), from Sanskrit बुध्यते (budhyate). Cognate with Assamese বুজা (buza).

#### Verb

বোঝা • (bōjha)
* to understand
    তুমি কি বাংলা বোঝো?tumi ki baṅla bōjhō?Do you understand Bengali?

##### Derived terms

* বোঝানো (bōjhanō)
* বোঝাপড়া (bōjhapoṛa)
* বোঝাবুঝি (bōjhabujhi)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀯𑁄𑀚𑁆𑀛 (vŏjjha) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit वह्य (vahya). Cognate to Hindi बोझ (bojh).

#### Noun

বোঝা • (bōjha)
* load, burden
* weight
    Synonym: ওজন (ōjon)

### References

* Subhasha Bhattacarya, Sailendra Biswas, Sailendra Biswas, and Jnanendramohana Dasa (2022) “বোঝা”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Bengali Dictionaries]
* Accessible Dictionary, বোঝা, Government of Bangladesh
# vooted
## Yola
### Etymology

From Middle English foted.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvuːtəd/

### Adjective

vooted
* footed
** 1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 11:In durk Ich red virst mee left-vooted shoe."In the dark I happened first on my left-footed shoe."

#### Derived terms

* left-vooted

### References

* Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 129
# понедельник
## Russian
### Alternative forms

* понедѣ́льникъ (ponedě́lʹnik) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic понедѣльникъ (ponedělĭnikŭ), from Proto-Slavic *ponedělьnikъ. By surface analysis, по- (po-, “after”) +‎ неде́ль- (nedélʹ-, “Sunday; week”) +‎ -ник (-nik), meaning a day after Sunday.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pənʲɪˈdʲelʲnʲɪk]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

понеде́льник • (ponedélʹnik) m inan (genitive понеде́льника, nominative plural понеде́льники, genitive plural понеде́льников, relational adjective понеде́льничный, diminutive понеде́льничек)
* Monday
    в понеде́льник ― v ponedélʹnik ― on Monday
    по понеде́льникам ― po ponedélʹnikam ― on Mondays
    к понеде́льнику ― k ponedélʹniku ― by Monday
    с понеде́льника ― s ponedélʹnika ― from Monday
    с понеде́льника до пя́тницы ― s ponedélʹnika do pjátnicy ― from Monday to Friday
    в сле́дующий понеде́льник ― v slédujuščij ponedélʹnik ― next Monday

#### Descendants

* → Buryat: понедельник (ponjedjelʹnik)
* → Dolgan: понедельник (podedel’nik)
* → Khakas: понедельник (ponedel’nik)
* → Southern Altai: понедельник (ponedelʹnik)
* → Tundra Nenets: понедельник (ponyedyelʹnyik°)
* → Yakut: бэнидиэнньик (benidiennyik)

#### See also

* days of the week: дни неде́ли (dni nedéli) (appendix): понеде́льник (ponedélʹnik) · вто́рник (vtórnik) · среда́ (sredá) · четве́рг (četvérg) · пя́тница (pjátnica) · суббо́та (subbóta) · воскресе́нье (voskresénʹje)

## Tundra Nenets

Days of the week :
| Previous: | воскресенье (woskryesyenʹye) |
| Next: | вторник (wtornyik°) |

### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian понедельник (ponedelʹnik).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ponʲedʲelʲnʲik(ə̥)]
* Hyphenation: по‧не‧дель‧ник

### Noun

понедельник • (ponyedyelʹnyik°)
* Monday

#### Declension
### References

* Pyrerka, A. P., Tereščenko, N. M. (1948) “понедельник”, in Русско-ненецкий словарь [Russian–Nenets Dictionary], Moscow: Огиз
* N. M. Tereschenko (1965) “понедельник”, in Ненецко-русский словарь, Moscow: Советская Энциклопедия
# Burkinabe
## English
### Alternative forms

* Burkinabé

### Etymology

From French burkinabé, from Moore burkĩna (“honest”) + Fula -ɓe (plural ending for a people noun), coined by Burkinabe revolutionary Thomas Sankara.

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˌbɜɹkinəˈbeɪ/, /bɜɹˌkinəˈbeɪ/
* (UK) IPA: /ˌbɜː(ɹ)kiːnəˈbeɪ/, /bɜː(ɹ)ˌkiːnəˈbeɪ/

### Noun

Burkinabe (plural Burkinabes)
* A person from Burkina Faso or of Burkinabe descent.
    Synonym: Burkina Fasoan (rare)

#### Hypernyms

* sub-Saharan, African

#### Translations
### Adjective

Burkinabe (not comparable)
* Of, from, or pertaining to Burkina Faso, the Burkinabe people or the Burkinabe language.
    Synonym: Burkina Fasoan (rare)
# Лодзь
## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫɔd͡zʲ]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Лодзь • (Lodzʹ) f inan (genitive Ло́дзі, uncountable, relational adjective ло́дзинський)
* Lodz (a major capital and largest city of the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)
    у/в Ло́дзі ― u/v Lódzi ― in Lodz
    у/в Лодзь ― u/v Lodzʹ ― to Lodz
    з Ло́дзі ― z Lódzi ― from Lodz

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Лодзь”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# свердлити
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From све́рдел (svérdel) or свердло́ (sverdló) +‎ -и́ти (-ýty). Compare Russian сверли́ть (sverlítʹ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sʋerdˈɫɪte]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

свердли́ти • (sverdlýty) impf
* to drill, to bore (to create (a hole) by removing material with a drill)
    Synonyms: свердлува́ти impf (sverdluváty), бури́ти impf (burýty, “to bore”)

#### Derived terms

* све́рдлення n (svérdlennja)
* свердли́тися impf (sverdlýtysja)
* просве́рдлювати impf (prosvérdljuvaty), просвердли́ти pf (prosverdlýty)

#### Related terms

* све́рдел m (svérdel)
* свердло́ n (sverdló)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1978), “свердлити”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 9 (С), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 69
* “свердлити”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “свердлити”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “свердлити”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “свердлити”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “свердлити”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# inosinate
## English
### Etymology

From inosinic acid +‎ -ate (“salt or ester”).

### Noun

inosinate (plural inosinates)
* Any salt or ester of inosinic acid; the salts are used as flavour enhancers.

#### Derived terms

* calcium inosinate
* disodium inosinate
* potassium inosinate

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* anionites, antinoise
# 冚家富貴
## Chinese

| | | one's whole family | wealthy and respectable; splendid; magnificentwealthy and respectable; splendid; magnificent; gorgeous |
| trad. (冚家富貴) | trad. (冚家富貴) | 冚家 | 富貴 |
| simp. (冚家富贵) | simp. (冚家富贵) | 冚家 | 富贵 |
| alternative forms | alternative forms | 咸家富貴 | 咸家富貴 |
| Literally: “(May your) entire family (be) sucessful”. ||||

### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): ham$^6$ gaa$^1$ fu$^3$ gwai$^3$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ham$^6$ gaa$^1$ fu$^3$ gwai$^3$
*** Yale: hahm gā fu gwai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ham$^6$ gaa$^1$ fu$^3$ gwai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hem$^6$ ga$^1$ fu$^3$ guei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐm²² kaː⁵⁵ fuː³³ kʷɐi̯³³/

### Phrase

冚家富貴
* (Cantonese, sarcastic, offensive) Synonym of 冚家鏟 / 冚家铲

#### Usage notes

冚家 has a more negative and sarcastic sense and hence the phrase cannot be used to (genuinely) wish one's family well. It has the meaning of "may your entire family be dead".
To actually wish something good for another person's family, the more suitable alternatives for 冚家 include:
* 闔家 / 阖家 (hap$^6$ gaa$^1$)
* 闔府 / 阖府
* 一家 (jat$^1$ gaa$^1$)
* 全家 (cyun$^4$ gaa$^1$) (note that 全家富貴 can also be a euphemistic alternative of 冚家富貴)

#### Synonyms

* 冚家鏟／冚家铲 (ham6 gaa1 caan2)
* 冚家祥 (ham6 gaa1 coeng4)
* 冚家拎 (ham6 gaa1 ling1)
# zondag
## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* Zondag (archaic)

### Etymology

From Middle Dutch sondach, sonnendach, from Old Dutch sunnadag (1151-1200; Reimbibel), from Proto-West Germanic *sunnōn dag (“day of the sun”), a calque of Latin dies Solis. Compare Low German Sünndag, German Sonntag, West Frisian snein, English Sunday, Danish søndag.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzɔndɑx/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: zon‧dag

### Noun

zondag m (plural zondagen, diminutive zondagje n)
* Sunday
    Op zondag gaan we altijd naar de kerk. ― On Sunday we always go to church.
    De zondagen zijn perfect voor familiebijeenkomsten. ― The Sundays are perfect for family gatherings.
    We hadden een lui zondagje thuis. ― We had a lazy Sunday at home.

#### Derived terms

* palmzondag
* zondagavond
* zondagmiddag
* zondagmorgen
* zondagnacht
* zondagochtend
* zondags
* zondagskind
* zondagskrant
* zondagsrijder

#### Related terms

* zonnedag

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: Sondag
** → Fwe: n-súndà
** → Shona: svondo
** → Sotho: Sontaha
** → Swazi: li-Sontfo
** → Venda: Swondaha
** → Xhosa: isonto
** → Zulu: iSonto
* Berbice Creole Dutch: sondaka
* Jersey Dutch: Zœndix
* Negerhollands: sondag
** → Virgin Islands Creole: grossondag
* Skepi Creole Dutch: sondak
* → Lokono: sondakha
* → Mohegan-Pequot: zunatar
* → Japanese: どんたく (dontaku)

### See also

* days of the week: dagen van de week (appendix): maandag · dinsdag · woensdag · donderdag · vrijdag · zaterdag · zondag
# po prośbie
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “on the beg”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔˈprɔʑ.bjɛ/
* Rhymes: -ɔʑbjɛ
* Syllabification: po proś‧bie

### Adverb

po prośbie (not comparable)
* (idiomatic) on the scrounge, with a begging bowl

#### Related terms

* proszalny
* pracharz
* proszak
* prosić impf

### Further reading

* po prośbie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* po prośbie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* po prośbie in the Korpus Języka Polskiego PWN [PWN Corpus of the Polish Language]
# był
## Lower Sorbian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bɨw]

### Participle

był
* past active participle of byś

#### Declension

| Masculine singular | Feminine singular | Neuter singular | Dual | Plural |
| był | była | było | byłej | byli |

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɘw/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘw
* Syllabification: był

### Verb

był
* third-person singular masculine past of być
# вичищати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From the вичищ- (vyčyšč-) stem of вичи́стити (vyčýstyty) +‎ -а́ти (-áty). Compare Russian вычища́ть (vyčiščátʹ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʋet͡ʃeʃˈt͡ʃate]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

вичища́ти • (vyčyščáty) impf (perfective вичи́стити) (transitive)
* to clean (out, up, off)

#### Derived terms

* вичища́ння n (vyčyščánnja)
* вичища́тися impf (vyčyščátysja)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “вичищати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2020), “вичищати”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 11 (обмін – оя́снювати), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “вичищати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “вичищати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “вичищати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# pizzerią
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /pizˈzɛ.rjɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /pizˈzɛ.rjɔm/
* Rhymes: -ɛrjɔw̃
* Syllabification: piz‧ze‧rią

### Noun

pizzerią
* instrumental singular of pizzeria
# preceptuar
## Spanish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /pɾeθebˈtwaɾ/ [pɾe.θeβ̞ˈt̪waɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /pɾesebˈtwaɾ/ [pɾe.seβ̞ˈt̪waɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: pre‧cep‧tuar

### Verb

preceptuar (first-person singular present preceptúo, first-person singular preterite preceptué, past participle preceptuado)
* to lay down, set (rules)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* precepto

### Further reading

* “preceptuar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# za potrzebą
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “for the need”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /za.pɔˈtʂɛ.bɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /za.pɔˈtʂɛ.bɔm/
* Rhymes: -ɛbɔw̃
* Syllabification: za po‧trze‧bą

### Adverb

za potrzebą (not comparable)
* (euphemistic, idiomatic) relieve oneself

### Further reading

* za potrzebą in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* za potrzebą in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* za potrzebą in the Korpus Języka Polskiego PWN [PWN Corpus of the Polish Language]
# بدیعی
## Azerbaijani
### Adjective

بدیعی
* Arabic spelling of bədii

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Arabic بَدِيعِيّ (badīʕiyy).

### Adjective

بدیعی • (bedii)
* very beautiful
* pertaining to the science of embellishment in rhetoric

#### Descendants

* Turkish: bedii

### References
## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ba.ðiː.ʔiː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bä.d̪eː.ʔiː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bä.d̪eː.ʔiː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [bä.d̪eːiː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [bä.d̪eːi]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [bæ.d̪iː.ʔiː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [bä.d̪i.ʔi]

### Adjective

| Dari | بدیعی |
| Iranian Persian | بدیعی |
| Tajik | бадеӣ |
بدیعی • (badi'i)
* pertaining to the figures of speech

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “بدیعی”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
# викривлення
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From the ви́кривл- stem of ви́кривити (výkryvyty) +‎ -ення (-ennja)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʋɪkreu̯ɫenʲːɐ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

ви́кривлення • (výkryvlennja) n inan (genitive ви́кривлення, nominative plural ви́кривлення, genitive plural ви́кривлень)
* distortion, warping (the act of distorting)
* distortion (a result of distorting)
* distortion (misrepresentation of the truth)
    Synonym: перекру́чення n (perekrúčennja)
* (anatomy) curvature, deviation
    ви́кривлення хребта́ ― výkryvlennja xrebtá ― curvature of the spine
    ви́кривлення носово́ї перегоро́дки ― výkryvlennja nosovóji perehoródky ― deviation of the nasal septum

#### Related terms

* викривля́ти impf (vykryvljáty), ви́кривити pf (výkryvyty)
* викривля́тися impf (vykryvljátysja), ви́кривитися pf (výkryvytysja)

### References

* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “викривлення”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (в – відсрібли́тися), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 309
* “викривлення”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970), “викривлення”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (А – В), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 415
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “викривлення”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “викривлення”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “викривлення”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “викривлення”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# akademikus
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch academicus, from Latin acadēmicus, from Ancient Greek ἀκαδημικός (akadēmikós).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [akadeˈmikʊs]
* Hyphenation: aka‧dé‧mi‧kus

### Noun

akadémikus (uncountable)
* academic, academician: senior member of an academy, college, or university.
* academic: a person who attends an academy; a person engaged in scholarly pursuits.

#### Related terms

* akademi
* akademik
* akademis
* akademisi

### Further reading

* “akademikus” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# ציפה
## Hebrew

* Root
* צ־פ־ה (ts-p-h)
* 4 terms

### Verb

ציפה / צִפָּה • (tsipa) (pi'el construction)
* to expect [with לְ־]
# subsistence
## English
### Alternative forms

* subsistance (archaic)

### Etymology

From Middle English subsistence; partly from Middle French subsistence (modern French subsistance) and partly from its etymon Late Latin subsistentia (“substance, reality, in Medieval Latin also stability”), from Latin subsistēns, present participle of subsistere (“to continue, subsist”). Perhaps also partly from subsist +‎ -ence.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /səbˈsɪstəns/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

subsistence (countable and uncountable, plural subsistences)
* Real being; existence.
** 1686, Edward Stillingfleet, the Doctrines and Practices of the Church of Rome:the human nature loseth its proper subsistence , and is assumed into the subsistence of the divine nature
* The act of maintaining oneself at a minimum level.
* Inherency.
    the subsistence of qualities in bodies
* Something (food, water, money, etc.) that is required to stay alive.
** 1788, Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist, Dawson, Federalist 79, page 548:In the general course of human nature, a power over a man's subsistence amounts to a power over his will.
** 1716 February 3 (Gregorian calendar), Joseph Addison, “The Free-holder: No. 10. Monday, January 23. [1716.]”, in The Works of the Right Honourable Joseph Addison, Esq; […], volume IV, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], published 1721, →OCLC:His viceroy could only propose to himself a comfortable subsistence out of the plunder of his province.
* (theology) Embodiment or personification or hypostasis of an underlying principle or quality.

#### Synonyms

* (real being): See also Thesaurus:existence
* (something required to stay alive): sustenance
* (theology): hypostasis

#### Derived terms

* consubsistence
* subsistence economy
* subsistence farming
* subsistential

#### Related terms

* subsist
* subsistent

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ “subsistence, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

### Further reading

* “subsistence”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “subsistence”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
# ردیف
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

ردیف
* Arabic spelling of rədif

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic رَدِيف (radīf).

### Noun

ردیف • (redîf)
* one who rides behind another on the same beast
* (poetry) radif
* the reserve or militia of the regular Ottoman army

#### Descendants

* Turkish: redif

### Further reading

* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ردیف”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 971

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic رَدِيف (radīf).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɾa.ˈðiːf]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [rä.d̪íːf]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [rä.d̪íːf]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [rä.d̪íːf]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [rä.d̪íf]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɹæ.d̪íːf]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɾä.d̪íf]

### Noun

| Dari | ردیف |
| Iranian Persian | ردیف |
| Tajik | радиф |
ردیف • (radīf / radif)
* one who rides behind another on the same horse
* following one another in a row
* auxiliary forces
* a star near the Eagle; a star which rises when the one opposite sets
* (poetry) radif

#### Descendants

* → English: radif

### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “ردیف”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic رَدِيف (radīf).

### Noun

رَدِیف • (radīf) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਰਦੀਫ਼)
* (poetry) radif

### Further reading

* Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “ردِیف”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic رَدِيف (radīf).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɾə.d̪iːf/

### Noun

رَدِیف • (radīf) f (Hindi spelling रदीफ़)
* (poetry) radif

### Further reading

* “ردیف”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
# 𑀧𑀸𑀝𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢
## Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀝𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢 (pāṭaliputa /⁠pāṭaliputta⁠/), from Sanskrit पाटलिपुत्र (pāṭaliputra).

### Proper noun

𑀧𑀸𑀝𑀮𑀺𑀧𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (pāṭaliputta) (Devanagari पाटलिपुत्त) (Paiśācī)
* Pataliputra (a city, the ancient capital of the Magadha kingdom; modern Patna)

### References

* ↑ Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 142