# խաղող
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* հաղող (haġoġ) — dialectal

### Etymology

From Old Armenian խաղող (xałoł).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /χɑˈʁoʁ/, [χɑʁóʁ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /χɑˈʁoʁ/, [χɑʁóʁ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)
* Hyphenation: խա‧ղող

### Noun

խաղող • (xaġoġ)
* grapevine, vine (plant)
* grape (fruit)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Pallas, Peter Simon (1788) “Vitis vinifera”, in Flora Rossica (in Latin), volume I, part II, St. Petersburg: Academy Press, page 40, recorded as chagoch

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

A Hurro-Urartian borrowing: compare Urartian 𒄩𒇻𒇷 (ḫa-lu-li /⁠ḫaluli⁠/, “grape?, vine?”), Hurrian 𒄑𒄩𒇻𒇷 ($^{GIŠ}$ḫaluli, “grape”). In their turn, these may be borrowed from Semitic. Coptic ⲁⲗⲟⲗⲓ (aloli, “grape”) (from Egyptian jꜣrrt) and Ancient Greek χάλις (khális, “unmixed wine”) have also been compared. Note especially the Late Egyptian pronunciation /ʔaˈla(ʔ)lə/ of jꜣrrt.

### Noun

խաղող • (xałoł)
* vine (plant)
    պտուղ խաղողոյ ― ptuł xałołoy ― a grape
* grape (fruit)
    կուտ խաղողոյ ― kut xałołoy ― grapestone
    խակ խաղող ― xak xałoł ― sour grape
    կթել զխաղող ― ktʻel zxałoł ― to gather grapes
    արիւն խաղողոյ ― ariwn xałołoy ― wine

#### Derived terms

* խաղողաբեր (xałołaber)
* խաղողադառն (xałoładaṙn)
* խաղողենի (xałołeni)
* խաղողեփեաց (xałołepʻeacʻ)
* խաղողիկ (xałołik)
* շանխաղող (šanxałoł)
* շնխաղող (šnxałoł)

#### Descendants

* Middle Armenian: հաղող (haġoġ)
* Armenian: խաղող (xaġoġ)

### References

* ↑ Mkrtčjan, N. A. (1983) “Субстратные названия растений в армянском языке [Substratum Plant Names in Armenian]”, in Древний Восток‎ (in Russian), number 4, Yerevan: Academy Press, page 27 of 24–37
* ↑ Diakonoff, Igor M. (1985) “Hurro-Urartian Borrowings in Old Armenian”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society‎, volume 105, number 4, page 600a of 597–603
* ↑ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 426
* 1 2 Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate‎, PhD dissertation, Leiden University, pages 12-13
* ↑ Sandalgian, Joseph (1900) Les inscriptions cunéiformes urartiques, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 370
* ↑ Arutjunjan, N. V. (2001) M. L. Xačikjan, editor, Корпус урартских клинообразных надписей [Corpus of Urartian Cuneiform Inscriptions]‎ (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, →ISBN, page 445b
* ↑ Dʹjakonov, I. M. (1963) Urartskije pisʹma i dokumenty [Urartian Letters and Documents], Moscow, Leningrad: USSR Academy Press, page 88b
* ↑ “ḫaluli”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, volume 6, Ḫ, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956, page 55b
* ↑ Olmo Lete, Gregorio del with Sanmartín, Joaquín and Watson, Wilfred G. E. (2015) “ġll (II)”, in A Dictionary of the Ugaritic Language in the Alphabetic Tradition (Handbook of Oriental Studies; 112), 3rd edition, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 315
* ↑ Lagarde, Paul de (1877) Armenische Studien (in German), Göttingen: Dieterich, § 960, page 64
* ↑ Fournet, Arnaud (2013) “About the Vocalic System of Armenian Words of Substratic Origin”, in Archív Orientalni‎, volume 81, number 2, page 9 of 207–222

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “խաղող”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 321–322
* Bläsing, Uwe (2019) “Die armenischen Pflanzennamen in Peter Simon Pallas’ Flora Rossica. Eine Studie zu Etymologie und sprachlicher Interaktion”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15) (in German), Leuven: Peeters, pages 28–29
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “խաղող”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “խաղող”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy