# 天和
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tiānhú
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢ ㄏㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tin$^1$ wu$^{4-2}$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thiⁿ-ô͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tiānhú
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢ ㄏㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tianhú
*** Wade–Giles: tʻien$^1$-hu$^2$
*** Yale: tyān-hú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tianhwu
*** Palladius: тяньху (tjanʹxu)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tin$^1$ wu$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: tīn wú
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tin$^1$ wu$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tin$^1$ wu$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːn⁵⁵ wuː²¹⁻³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiⁿ-ô͘
*** Tâi-lô: thinn-ôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tvi'oo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² ɔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰĩ³³ ɔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻²² ɔ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔ²³/

### Noun

天和
* (mahjong) heavenly hand; a winning hand drawn by the dealer at the beginning of the game

#### Coordinate terms

* 地和 (dìhú, “earthly hand”)
* 人和 (rénhé, “hand of man”)

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 天和 (tenhō)

### Proper noun

天和
* (astronomy) Tianhe (the core module of the Tiangong space station).

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 天 | 和 |
| テン Grade: 1 | ホー Grade: 3 |
| irregular ||
From Mandarin 天和 (tiānhú).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) テンホー [téꜜǹhòò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [tẽ̞ɰ̃ho̞ː]

#### Noun

天(テン)和(ホー) • (tenhō)
* (mahjong) heavenly hand: a winning hand drawn by the dealer at the beginning of the game, worth 役満 (yakuman, “limit”)
    Hypernym: 役満貫 (yaku-mangan)

##### Coordinate terms

* 地(チー)和(ホー) (chīhō, “earthly hand”)
* 人(レン)和(ホー) (renhō, “hand of man”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 天 | 和 |
| てん Grade: 1 | わ > な Grade: 3 |
| goon | irregular |
/ten.wa/ → /teɰ̃ɰa/ → /teɰa/ → /tenːa/
Shift from Tenwa below.
The wa changes to na as an instance of renjō (連声).

#### Proper noun

天(てん)和(な) • (Tenna)
* (historical) the Tenna era, 1681-1684

##### See also

* 延(えん)宝(ぽう) (Enpō, era preceding Tenna)
* 貞(じょう)享(きょう) (Jōkyō, era following Tenna)

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 天 | 和 |
| てん Grade: 1 | わ Grade: 3 |
| goon ||
    From: The Book of Documents, circa 4th – 3rd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Gōng chēng pī xiǎn dé, yǐ yǔ xiǎozǐ yáng wén wǔ liè, fèng dá tiānmìng, hé héng sìfāng mín, jū shī; dūn zōng jiāng lǐ, chēng zhì yuán sì, xián zhì wú wén. [Pinyin]
    You [the duke] have set forth the great and illustrious virtues, that I [the king], notwithstanding my youth, may display a brilliant merit like that of Wen and Wu, reverently responding to the favouring decree of Heaven; and harmonize and long preserve the people of all the regions, settling the multitudes (in Luo); and that I may give due honour to the great ceremony (of recording) the most distinguished (for their merits), regulating the order for the first places at the sacrifices, and doing everything in an orderly manner without display.
    From: The Book of Han, circa 1st century CE
    Jiā chéng tiān hé, yī yuè jué fú. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5th century CE
    Tiānrén xiéhé, wànguó xián níng. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Fū míngbái yú tiāndì zhī dé zhě, cǐ zhī wèi dàběn dàzōng, yǔ tiān hé zhě yě; suǒ yǐ jūn diào tiānxià, yǔ rén hé zhě yě. Yǔ rén hé zhě, wèi zhī rén yuè; yǔ tiān hé zhě, wèi zhī tiān yuè. [Pinyin]
    The clear understanding of the virtue of Heaven and Earth is what is called 'The Great Root,' and 'The Great Origin;' - they who have it are in harmony with Heaven, and so they produce all equable arrangements in the world - they are those who are in harmony with men. Being in harmony with men is called the joy of men; being in harmony with Heaven is called the joy of Heaven.
Literally “heavenly harmony”.

#### Proper noun

天(てん)和(わ) • (Tenwa)
* (historical, archaic) Historic reading of 天和 (Tenna) (see above)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN