# chão
## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃã.u/

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin plānum (“level ground”, noun), from plānus (“flat”, adjective).

#### Noun

chão m (plural chãos)
* ground, floor
** 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 236 (facsimile):
    Como hũa moller que perigoóu no mar. ⁊ tragia un fillo pequeno nos braços. ⁊ fezea ſanta maria per címa das aguas andar de pé aſſi como ẏria per un muí bon chão.
       How a woman who sank in the sea. And had a small child in her arms. And Holy Mary brought her over the water to walk as she would in a good floor.
* flatland, plain

##### Related terms

* prão

##### Descendants

* Galician: chan, chá, chao
* Portuguese: chão (see there for further descendants)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin plānus (“flat”), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”).

#### Adjective

chão (plural chãos, feminine chãa, feminine plural chãas)
* flat, smooth
** 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, 325 cantiga Cantiga 325 (facsimile):
    Pois a Catiua eſperta. / foi achouſſ en űu camỹo / ancho ⁊ chão ſen pedras / ⁊ andou o mui feſtỹno
       So the smart captive / went and found herself in a path, / ample and flat, without rocks, / and walked through it very quickly.

##### Descendants

* Galician: chan
* Portuguese: chão

### Further reading

* Universo Cantigas - "chão"

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* tchão (eye dialect, Northern Portugal)
* cham, chaõ (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʃɐ̃w̃/ [ˈʃɐ̃ʊ̯̃]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʃɐ̃w̃/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʃɐ̃w̃/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃɐ̃w̃/
* Rhymes: -ɐ̃w̃
* Hyphenation: chão

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chão (“ground”), from Latin plānum (“level ground”) < plānus, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”). Compare Galician chan and Spanish llano. Doublet of plano, porão, piano, lhano, and flete.

#### Noun

chão m (plural chãos)
* ground, soil, earth
    Synonyms: solo, terra
* floor
    Synonyms: assoalho, piso
    Não deixe cair nada no chão. ― Don't let anything fall to the floor.
* (poetic) land
    Synonym: terra
    Este é o nosso chão. ― This is our land.
* (geography, obsolete) plain
    Synonym: chã
* (Brazil, informal) a period of time between the present and a future event
    Synonym: tempo
    Ainda tem um chão até o dia de eu me mudar. ― There is still some time until the day I will move.

##### Derived terms

* rés do chão

##### Related terms

* Chã
* Chãos
* Chãs

##### Descendants

* Macanese: cham, (modern spelling) chám

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese chão (“flat, smooth”), from Latin plānus. Doublet of plano, piano, lhano, and flat

#### Adjective

chão (feminine chã, masculine plural chãos, feminine plural chãs)
* (rare) flat, level, even, smooth
    Synonyms: plano, liso, nivelado

##### Derived terms

* Vila Chã

### Further reading

* “chão” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [t͡ɕaːw˦ˀ˥]
* (Huế) IPA: [t͡ɕaːw˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [caːw˨˩˦]

### Noun

(classifier sợi) chão • (󱫍, 󱫅)
* rope; cord; cable (typically braided)

### Noun

chão • (𧊌)
* (in compounds) frog

#### Derived terms

* chão chàng
* chão chuộc