# χαίρω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰəřřō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer-. The iota in the progressive forms (present system) is a reflex of the *y marker for the present tense added onto the root χαρ- (khar-).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰǎi̯.rɔː/ → /ˈçɛ.ro/ → /ˈçe.ro/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kʰǎi̯.rɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈkʰɛ.ro/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈçɛ.ro/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈçe.ro/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈçe.ro/

### Verb

χαίρω • (khaírō)
* to be full of cheer, i.e. calmly happy or well off
** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Genesis 45.16
* to enjoy [with dative ‘something’; or with participle ‘doing something’]
* (perfect) to be very glad; to enjoy [with dative ‘something’; or with participle ‘doing something’] a great deal
** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 764–766:σὺ δ’ οὖν, ἐπειδὴ τοῦτο κεχάρηκας ποιῶν, ἐκεῖσε μὲν μηκέτι βάδιζ’, ἀλλ’ ἐνθάδε αὐτοῦ μένων δίκαζε τοῖσιν οἰκέταις.sù d’ oûn, epeidḕ toûto kekhárēkas poiôn, ekeîse mèn mēkéti bádiz’, all’ entháde autoû ménōn díkaze toîsin oikétais.Very well then, since you find so much pleasure in it, go down there no more, but stay here and deal out justice to your slaves.
* (on meeting or parting, as an imperative) Be well; farewell, be glad, God speed, greetings, hail, joy(‐fully), rejoice (as a salutation)

#### Inflection

In addition to the forms shown below, there are reduplicated forms used in Homer: κεχάνδει, κεχανδότα, κεχαρηότα, κεχαρησέμεν, κεχαρήσεται, κεχαρισμένα, κεχαρισμένε, κεχαρισμένος, κεχάριστο, κεχαροίατο, κεχάροιτο, κεχάροντο.

#### Derived terms

Compounds of χαίρω:
* ἀντιχαίρω (antikhaírō, “rejoice in turn”)
* ἐπῐχαίρω (epĭkhaírō, “rejoice over”)
* κᾰτᾰχαίρω (kătăkhaírō, “exult over”)
* περῐχαίρω (perĭkhaírō, “rejoice exceedingly”)
* προσχαίρω (proskhaírō, “rejoice at”)
* προχαίρω (prokhaírō, “rejoice beforehand”)
* συγχαίρω (sunkhaírō, “rejoice with”)
* ῠ̔περχαίρω (hŭperkhaírō, “rejoice exceedingly”)
* ῠ̔ποχαίρω (hŭpokhaírō, “rejoice secretly”)
Other derivatives:
* ᾰ̓ποχαιρετίζω (ăpokhairetízō, “say farewell, take leave”)
* ἐπῐχαιράγαθος (epĭkhairágathos, “taking delight in what is good”)
* ἐπῐχαιρεκᾰκέω (epĭkhairekăkéō, “rejoice at one's misfortune”)
* ἐπῐχαιρεκᾰκῐ́ᾱ f (epĭkhairekăkĭ́ā, “joy over one's misfortune, spite”)
* ἐπῐχαιρέκᾰκος (epĭkhairékăkos, “rejoicing over one's misfortune”)
* Χαιρέας m (Khairéas)
* χαιρεκᾰκέω (khairekăkéō, “ἐπιχαιρεκακέω, rejoice at another's misfortune”)
* χαιρεκᾰκῐ́ᾱ f (khairekăkĭ́ā, “ἐπιχαιρεκακία, joy over one's misfortune, spite”)
* χαιρέκᾰκος (khairékăkos, “ἐπιχαιρέκακος, rejoicing over one's misfortune”)
* χαιρετῐ́ζω (khairetĭ́zō, “greet, welcome someone”)
* χαιρέτισμα n (khairétisma, “greeting, salutation,”)
* χαιρετισμός m (khairetismós, “greeting, visit”)
* χαιρετιστῐκός (khairetistĭkós, adjective)
* χαιρέφῠλλον n (khairéphŭllon, “garden chervil, Anthriscus cerefolium”)
* Χαιρεφῶν m (Khairephôn)
* χαιρητῐκός (khairētĭkós, “jovial, hilarious”)
* χαιροσύνη f (khairosúnē, “joy”)
* Χαιρώνεια f (Khairṓneia)
* Χαιρωνεύς (Khairōneús)

#### Related terms

And their derived terms:
* -χᾰρής (-khărḗs)
* χᾰρᾱ́ f (khărā́, “joy”)
* χᾰ́ρῐς f (khắrĭs, “elegance; influence”), εὐχᾰρῐστέω (eukhărĭstéō, “thank”), χᾰριεντῐ́ζομαι (khărientĭ́zomai, “jest”)
* χᾰ́ρμᾰ n (khắrmă, “delight”)

#### Descendants

* Greek: χαίρω (chaíro)

### References

* “χαίρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “χαίρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “χαίρω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* χαίρω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* χαίρω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “χαίρω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G5463 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Frisk, Hjalmar (1960–1972) “χαίρω”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter
* ↑ See “The I Class”, p. 201-227 sections 292-330 in Curtius, Georg. The Greek Verb: Its Structure and Development. Translated by Augustus S Wilkins and E. B England. London: J. Murray, 1880

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek χαίρω.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈçe.ro/
* Hyphenation: χαί‧ρω

### Verb

χαίρω • (chaíro) (past —) (largely found in the expressions shown)
* to be happy, be glad
    Χαίρε Μαρία ― Chaíre María ― Hail Mary
    χαίρετε ― chaírete ― hi, hello, greetings
    χαίρω πολύ ― chaíro polý ― pleased to meet you
    χαίρω καλής φήμης ― chaíro kalís fímis ― have a good reputation
    χαίρω μεγάλης εκτιμήσεως ― chaíro megális ektimíseos ― to hold in high esteem
    χαίρω άκρας υγείας ― chaíro ákras ygeías ― to enjoy good health
    χάρηκα πολύ ― chárika polý ― pleased to have met you

#### Synonyms

* χαίρομαι (chaíromai) (a deponent verb, morphologically passive form of χαίρω)

#### Derived terms

* Χαίρε Μαρία (Chaíre María, “Hail Mary”)
* χαίρετε (chaírete, “hello, greetings”)
* χαίρω πολύ (chaíro polý, “pleased to meet you”)

#### Related terms

And their derived terms:
* -χαρής (-charís)
* -χαρος (-charos)
* επιχαίρω (epichaíro, “gloat, rejoice over failure”)
* συγχαίρω (synchaíro, “congratulate”)
* χαρά f (chará, “joy”), χαρούμενος (charoúmenos, “happy”)
* χαιρετώ (chairetó, “to say hello”)
* χαιρετίζω (chairetízo, “greet”)
* χαιρέκακος (chairékakos, “spiteful”)
* χαίρομαι (chaíromai)
** καταχαίρομαι (katachaíromai, “exult, rejoice extremely”)
* χάρη f (chári, “grace; favour”)
* χάρις f (cháris, “grace”), ευχαριστώ (efcharistó, “thank”)