# hedera
## English

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Wikispecies

### Etymology

From the genus name Hedera, in turn from Latin hedera (“ivy”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɛ.də.ɹə/

### Noun

hedera (plural hederas)
* (horticulture) Any Old World ivy of the genus Hedera
** 2007 March 8, Jan Benzel, “Philadelphia Calls Off Winter for a Week”, in New York Times‎:The American Ivy Society hewed closely to the theme, exhibiting only hederas that come from Ireland or have an Irish name.
* (typography) A fleuron depicting an ivy leaf.

#### Related terms

* hederaceous
* hederal

### Anagrams

* Hardee, adhere, header, heared, rehead

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* edera

### Etymology

Unknown. One hypothesis derives it from Proto-Italic *hedezā, from earlier *xedezā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰed-es-eh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰed- (“to seize, grasp, take”), which is the same source as Latin *hendō in prehendō and Ancient Greek χανδάνω (khandánō, “to get, grasp”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈhe.de.ra/, [ˈhɛd̪ɛrä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈe.de.ra/, [ˈɛːd̪erä]

### Noun

hedera f (genitive hederae); first declension
* ivy
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.767:Cūr hederā cīncta est? Hedera est grātissima Bacchō.Why has she been crowned with ivy? Ivy is most pleasing to Bacchus. (Sacerdos Liberi, elderly priestesses, wore ivy wreaths honoring Pater Liber – also known as Bacchus or the Greek Dionysus – during the ancient Roman festival of Liberalia.)

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* hederāceus
* hederātus
* hederiger
* hederōsus

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: eadirã, eadiri, iadiră
** Megleno-Romanian: jadiră
** Romanian: iederă
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: edera
** Sicilian: èdira, ètira
** →? Maltese: liedna
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: edora, edola, edera
* North Italian:
** Friulian: èdare, jêre
** Gallo-Italic:
*** Emilian: lèdra, lèdria
*** Piedmontese: edra, lédra
** Romansch: edra
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: ira
** Old French: ierre
*** French: lierre m
*** Norman: hierre
*** Picard: ierre
* Occitano-Romance:
** Catalan: heura, edra
** Gascon: ièira, gèira, gèdra
** Occitan: èdra
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: liedra
** Asturian: hiedra, yedra
** Old Galician-Portuguese: edra
*** Galician: hedra
*** Portuguese: hera
** Spanish: hiedra, yedra
* Vulgar Latin:
** *elena
*** Italo-Romance:
**** Neapolitan: ènnela
*** North Italian:
**** Gallo-Italic:
***** Lombard: irna, ergna
**** Ladin: èlena
**** Venetan: ènera, èrena, èrna
*** Occitano-Romance:
**** Languedocien: èuna
**** Limousin: leuna
** *elera
*** Dalmatian:
**** jalara
*** Italo-Romance:
**** Italian: ellera, lellera, lillera, lellara
*** North Italian:
**** Gallo-Italic:
***** Emilian: èrla
***** Ligurian: léloa, êloa, êlora, éleja, lèlera
***** Romagnol: èrla, arla, lèlar, rèlar, élar, rèla
**** Friulian: elare
**** Istriot: ilara
**** Ladin: elora
**** Romansch: eller
**** Venetan: èłera
*** Occitano-Romance:
**** Gascon: ilura
**** Occitan: elra, eura
* Borrowings:
** → Esperanto: hedero

### References

* Buchi, Éva, Schweickard, Wolfgang (2008–) “*/ˈɛder-a/”, in Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, Nancy: Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française.

### Further reading

* “hedera”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “hedera”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* hedera in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* hedera in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.