# स्तभ्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* स्तम्भ् (stambh)

### Alternative scripts

* স্তভ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬲ᭄ᬢᬪ᭄ (Balinese script)
* স্তভ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰭𑰿𑰝𑰥𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀪𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* သ္တဘ် (Burmese script)
* સ્તભ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਸ੍ਤਭ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌸𑍍𑌤𑌭𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦱ꧀ꦠꦨ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂮𑂹𑂞𑂦𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಸ್ತಭ್ (Kannada script)
* ស្តភ៑ (Khmer script)
* ສ຺ຕຠ຺ (Lao script)
* സ്തഭ് (Malayalam script)
* ᠰᢠᠠᢨ (Manchu script)
* 𑘭𑘿𑘝𑘥𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠰᢐᠠᠪᠾ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧍𑧠𑦽𑧅𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐳𑑂𑐟𑐨𑑂 (Newa script)
* ସ୍ତଭ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢱ꣄ꢡꢩ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆱𑇀𑆠𑆨𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖭𑖿𑖝𑖥𑖿 (Siddham script)
* ස‍්තභ් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪁 𑪙𑩫𑩳 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚨𑚶𑚙𑚡𑚶 (Takri script)
* ஸ்தப்⁴ (Tamil script)
* స్తభ్ (Telugu script)
* สฺตภฺ (Thai script)
* སྟ་བྷ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒮𑓂𑒞𑒦𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨰𑩇𑨙𑨡𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“to stand still, harden; prop up, support; pole”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *stьbъ (“stem, stalk”), Old Church Slavonic степень (stepenĭ, “stair”); English step, stop, stamp, stomp, stump, staff, stiff; Proto-Finnic *sambas (“pillar”) (whence sampo).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /stɐbʱ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /s̪t̪ɐbʱ/

### Root

स्तभ् • (stabh)
* to fix firmly, support, sustain, prop
* to hold up
* to stop, arrest, make stiff

#### Derived terms

* स्तम्भते (stámbhate)
* स्तभ्नाति (stabhnā́ti)
* स्तम्भ (stámbha)
* स्तब्ध (stabdha)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “स्तभ्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1258/1.
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 192
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “स्तभ्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “स्तभ्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 753; 754
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 511
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 295
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 588
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1011-1013”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1011-1013
* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “степень”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress