# Sommer
## English
### Etymology

* As a German, Jewish, Danish, and Norwegian surname, from the noun sommer (“summer”).
* Also as a German surname, from Middle Low German somere (“pack animal”), probably derived from Latin sagma (“pack saddle”).
* As an English, Scottish, and German surname, variant of Summer.

### Proper noun

Sommer (plural Sommers)
* A surname from German.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Sommer is the 3080th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 11662 individuals. Sommer is most common among White (94.67%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Sommer”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 3, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN.

## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Sommer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsomɛr]

### Proper noun

Sommer m anim (female equivalent Sommerová)
* a male surname from German

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Sommer”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
* Matúšová, Jana (2015) Německá vlastní jména v češtině [German proper nouns in Czech] (in Czech), Prague: Nakladatelství Lidové noviny, →ISBN, page 54

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German sumer, from Old High German sumar, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar.
The expected modern form is Summer, as indeed found in most southern dialects, such as Alemannic German Summer, Bavarian Summer and Luxembourgish Summer. The vocalism -o- is of Central and Low German origin (compare Middle Low German som[m]er). Further cognates are Dutch zomer, West Frisian simmer, English summer, Danish sommer, Icelandic sumar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzɔmɐ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Sommer m (strong, genitive Sommers, plural Sommer)
* summer

#### Derived terms

* Altweibersommer
* Badesommer
* Beerensommer
* Frühsommer
* Hochsommer
* Jahrhundertsommer
* Mittsommer
* Regensommer
* Sommerabend
* Sommeranfang
* Sommerbad
* Sommerbiene
* Sommerende
* Sommerferien
* Sommerfest
* Sommerhitze
* Sommerliebe
* Sommerloch
* Sommerluft
* Sommermonat
* Sommernacht
* Sommerrodelbahn
* Sommersonne
* Sommersprosse
* Sommerurlaub
* Sommervergnügen
* Sommervogel
* Sommerweide
* Sommerwind
* Sommerzeit
* Sommerzeltlager
* Spätsommer

#### See also

* seasons: Jahreszeiten: Frühjahr/Frühling · Sommer · Herbst · Winter
Seasons in German · Jahreszeiten (layout · text) · category :
| Frühjahr (“spring”), Frühling (“spring”), Lenz (“spring”) | Sommer (“summer”) | Herbst (“autumn”), Spätling (“autumn”) | Winter (“winter”) |

### Proper noun

Sommer m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Sommers or (with an article) Sommer, feminine genitive Sommer, plural Sommers or Sommer)
* a surname transferred from the nickname originating as a nickname

#### Declension

$^1$With an article.

#### Related terms

* Winter

### Further reading

* “Sommer” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Sommer” in Duden online
* “Sommer” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
* Friedrich Kluge (1883) “Sommer”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
* Sommer on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$

## Hunsrik
### Alternative forms

* Summer

### Etymology

From Middle High German sumer, from Old High German sumar, from Proto-Germanic *sumaraz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɔma/
* Rhymes: -ɔma
* Syllabification: Som‧mer

### Noun

Sommer m (plural Sommer)
* summer
    Im Sommer is-es immer zu heis.In the summer it is always very hot.

#### Related terms

* Sommerdierche
* Sommerferje
* Sommerschnees

### See also

Seasons in Hunsrik · Johreszeide (layout · text) · category :
| Frihjoher, Frihling (“spring”) | Sommer, Summer (“summer”) | Herrebst (“autumn”) | Winter (“winter”) |

### References

* ↑ Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “Sommer”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 152, column 2