# 鶉

| 鶉 | U+9D89, &#40329; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9D89 |
| ← 鶈 [U+9D88] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鶊 → [U+9D8A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鶉 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+8, 19 strokes, cangjie input 卜木竹日火 (YDHAF), four-corner 0742$_7$, composition ⿰享鳥)
* quail

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1493, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47057
* Dae Jaweon: page 2023, character 32
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4642, character 10
* Unihan data for U+9D89

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 弴 | *tjuː, *tuːn |
| 敦 | *tuːl, *doːn, *tuːn, *tuːns |
| 錞 | *duːlʔ, *duːls, *djun |
| 憝 | *duːls |
| 憞 | *duːls |
| 譈 | *duːls |
| 鐓 | *duːls |
| 鷻 | *doːn |
| 鶉 | *doːn, *djun |
| 惇 | *tuːn, *tjun |
| 墩 | *tuːn |
| 驐 | *tuːn |
| 燉 | *tuːns, *tʰuːn, *duːn |
| 焞 | *tʰuːn, *djun |
| 啍 | *tʰuːn, *duːn |
| 暾 | *tʰuːn |
| 噋 | *tʰuːn, *kʰʷaːɡ |
| 諄 | *tjun, *tjuns |
| 埻 | *tjunʔ, *kʷaːɡ, *kʷreːɡ |
| 稕 | *tjuns |
| 醇 | *djun |
| 淳 | *djun |
| 犉 | *njun |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chún (chun$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): seon$^4$ / ceon$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): cung$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhûn / sûn / tun / chhun / chun / chhun / thun
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sung$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zen
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xyn$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chún
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chún
*** Wade–Giles: chʻun$^2$
*** Yale: chwún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwen
*** Palladius: чунь (čunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: seon$^4$ / ceon$^1$
*** Yale: sèuhn / chēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soen$^4$ / tsoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sên$^4$ / cên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɵn²¹/, /t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: cung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰuŋ¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhûn
*** Tâi-lô: tshûn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhuun
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰun²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sûn
*** Tâi-lô: sûn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: suun
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sun²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tun
*** Tâi-lô: tun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dwn
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tun⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun
*** Tâi-lô: tshun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhwn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chun
*** Tâi-lô: tsun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zwn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sun⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun
*** Tâi-lô: tshun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhwn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thun
*** Tâi-lô: thun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: twn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Penang): /tʰun³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sung$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sûng
*** Sinological IPA : /suŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zen
*** MiniDict: zen$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zən²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: xyn$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕyn¹³/
* Middle Chinese: dzywin
Rime :
| Character | 鶉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 諄 (47) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 常倫切 |
| Baxter | dzywin |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑiuɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑʷin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑjuen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑwin/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiuĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭuĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʑi̯uĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chún |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | seon$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ur/
    (Zhengzhang): /*doːn/, /*djun/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 鶉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chún |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzywin › |
| Old Chinese | /*[d]ur/ |
| English | quail |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鶉 | 鶉 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 2596 | 2618 |
| Phonetic component | 敦 | 敦 |
| Rime group | 元 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 團 | 純 |
| Old Chinese | /*doːn/ | /*djun/ |
| Notes | 鷻字注或體見詩 | |

### Definitions

鶉
* quail (originally refers to those with spots on feathers)
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Chún zhī bēnbēn, què zhī jiāngjiāng. Rén zhī wú liáng, wǒ yǐ wéi xiōng. [Pinyin]
    The quails run [in pairs]. The magpies fly [in pairs]. That man is not nice. I call him brother.

### Compounds

* 子夏懸鶉 / 子夏悬鹑
* 懸鶉 / 悬鹑
* 懸鶉百結 / 悬鹑百结
* 鬥鵪鶉 / 斗鹌鹑
* 鶉之奔奔 / 鹑之奔奔
* 鶉尾 / 鹑尾
* 鶉居 / 鹑居
* 鶉服 / 鹑服
* 鶉火 / 鹑火
* 鶉結 / 鹑结
* 鶉衣 / 鹑衣
* 鶉衣百結 / 鹑衣百结
* 鶉首 / 鹑首
* 鶉鳥 / 鹑鸟
* 鵪鶉 / 鹌鹑 (ānchún)
* 鷯鶉 / 鹩鹑
* 麻屣鶉衣 / 麻屣鹑衣

### References

* “鶉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: じゅん (jun)
* Kan-on: しゅん (shun)
* Kun: うずら (uzura)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 鶉
* うずら Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *untura. Cognate with Miyako 鶉 (vdza), Okinawan 鶉 (ujirā), Yaeyama 鶉 (utcha).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) うずら [ùzúrá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɯ̟zɨɾa̠]

### Noun

鶉(うずら) or 鶉(ウズラ) • (uzura)
* Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
* quail

#### Derived terms

* 鶉籠(うずらかご) (uzurakago)
* 鶉水鶏(ウズラクイナ) (uzura-kuina)
* 鶉桟敷(うずらさじき) (uzurasajiki)
* 鶉豆(ウズラマメ) (uzura mame)
* 鶉焼(うずらやき) (uzurayaki)
* 三斑鶉(ミフウズラ) (mifu uzura)
* 山鶉(ヤマウズラ) (yamauzura)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

鶉 • (sun, dan) (hangeul 순, 단, revised sun, dan, McCune–Reischauer sun, tan, Yale swun, tan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.