# स्वप्न
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वप्न (svapna).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /sʋə.pən/, [sʋɐ.pɐ̃n], /sʋəp.nᵊ/, [sʋɐp.nᵊ], /sʋəpn/, [sʋɐpn]

### Noun

स्वप्न • (svapn) m (Urdu spelling سوپن)
* dream
* sleep

#### Synonyms

* सपना (sapnā)
* ख़्वाब (xvāb)

#### Derived terms

* स्वप्न देखना (svapn dekhnā)

## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्वप्न (svapna).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sʋəp.nə/

### Noun

स्वप्न • (svapna) n
* dream
    Synonym: सपान (sapān) (dialectal)

#### Declension
### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “स्वप्न”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* স্বপ্ন (Assamese script)
* ᬲ᭄ᬯᬧ᭄ᬦ (Balinese script)
* স্বপ্ন (Bengali script)
* 𑰭𑰿𑰪𑰢𑰿𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀲𑁆𑀯𑀧𑁆𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* သွပ္န (Burmese script)
* સ્વપ્ન (Gujarati script)
* ਸ੍ਵਪ੍ਨ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌸𑍍𑌵𑌪𑍍𑌨 (Grantha script)
* ꦱ꧀ꦮꦥ꧀ꦤ (Javanese script)
* 𑂮𑂹𑂫𑂣𑂹𑂢 (Kaithi script)
* ಸ್ವಪ್ನ (Kannada script)
* ស្វប្ន (Khmer script)
* ສ຺ວປ຺ນ (Lao script)
* സ്വപ്ന (Malayalam script)
* ᠰᠣᠸᠠᢒᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘭𑘿𑘪𑘢𑘿𑘡 (Modi script)
* ᠰᢦᢒᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧍𑧠𑧊𑧂𑧠𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐳𑑂𑐰𑐥𑑂𑐣 (Newa script)
* ସ୍ଵପ୍ନ (Odia script)
* ꢱ꣄ꢮꢦ꣄ꢥ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆱𑇀𑆮𑆥𑇀𑆤 (Sharada script)
* 𑖭𑖿𑖪𑖢𑖿𑖡 (Siddham script)
* ස‍්වප‍්න (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪁 𑪙𑩾𑩰 𑪙𑩯 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚨𑚶𑚦𑚞𑚶𑚝 (Takri script)
* ஸ்வப்ந (Tamil script)
* స్వప్న (Telugu script)
* สฺวปฺน (Thai script)
* སྭ་པྣ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒮𑓂𑒫𑒣𑓂𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨰𑩇𑨭𑨞𑩇𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *swápnas (“sleep, dream”), from Proto-Indo-European *swépnos (“sleep, dream”), from *swep- (“to sleep”).
Cognate with Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬟𐬥𐬀 (xᵛafna), Latin somnus, sopor, Ancient Greek ὕπνος (húpnos), Lithuanian sapnas, Persian خواب (xvâb, “dream”), Old Church Slavonic сънъ (sŭnŭ), Old English swefn (whence English sweven).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /sʋɐ́p.nɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈs̪ʋɐp.n̪ɐ/

### Noun

स्वप्न • (svápna) stem, m
* sleep, sleeping
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.28.10:यो मे॑ राज॒न्युज्यो॑ वा॒ सखा॑ वा॒ स्वप्ने॑ भ॒यं भी॒रवे॒ मह्य॒माह॑। स्ते॒नो वा॒ यो दिप्स॑ति नो॒ वृको॑ वा॒ त्वं तस्मा॑द्वरुण पाह्य॒स्मान्॥yó me rājanyújyo vā sákhā vā svápne bhayáṃ bhīráve máhyamā́ha. stenó vā yó dípsati no vṛ́ko vā tváṃ tásmādvaruṇa pāhyasmā́n.Protect us, Varuṇa, against every peril which a kinsman or a friend threatens me with alarmed in sleep; or from a thief or a wolf that attempts to destroy us.
* dream, dreaming
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.86.6:न स स्वो दक्षो॑ वरुण॒ ध्रुतिः॒ सा सुरा॑ म॒न्युर्वि॒भीद॑को॒ अचि॑त्तिः। अस्ति॒ ज्याया॒न्कनी॑यस उपा॒रे स्वप्न॑श्च॒नेदनृ॑तस्य प्रयो॒ता॥ná sá svó dákṣo varuṇa dhrútiḥ sā́ súrā manyúrvibhī́dako ácittiḥ. ásti jyā́yānkánīyasa upāré svápnaścanédánṛtasya prayotā́.It is not our own choice, Varuṇa, not our condition, that is the cause of our sinning; it is that which isintoxication, wrath, gambling, ignorance; there is a senior in the proximity of the junior; even a dream is aprovocation to sin.
* sleepiness, drowsiness

#### Derived terms

* दुःस्वप्न (duḥsvápna)

#### Descendants

* → Early Assamese: স্বপন (sbopono)
** → Assamese: সপোন (xopün)
* → Odia: ସ୍ଵପ୍ନ (svapna), ସପ୍ନ (sapna)
* → Marathi: स्वप्न (svapna)
* → Bengali: স্বপ্ন (śopno)
* → Pali: soppa
* → Paisaci Prakrit:
** → Punjabi: ਸੁਪਨਾ (supnā), ਸੁਫਨਾ (suphnā)
* → Sauraseni Prakrit:
** → Gujarati: સોણું (soṇũ), સમણું (samṇũ)
** → Hindi: सपना (sapnā)
** → Urdu: سپنا (sapnā)
* → Hindi: स्वप्न (svapna)
* → Maithili: 𑒮𑒣𑒢𑒰 (sapanā)
* → Kannada: ಸ್ವಪ್ನ (svapna)
* → Malayalam: സ്വപ്നം (svapnaṁ)
* → Tamil: சொப்பனம் (coppaṉam)
* → Telugu: స్వప్నము (svapnamu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “स्वप्न”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1280/3.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 791