# manach
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish manach, from Latin monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /mˠəˈn̪ˠɑx/
* (Connacht) IPA: /ˈmˠanˠəx/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈmˠanˠa(x)/

### Noun

manach m (genitive singular manaigh, nominative plural manaigh)
* monk
* (historical) tenant of church lands

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
manach
manaigh
vocative
a mhanaigh
a mhanacha
genitive
manaigh
manach
dative
manach
manaigh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an manach
na manaigh
genitive
an mhanaigh
na manach
dative
leis an manach don mhanach
leis na manaigh :

#### Derived terms

* balsam na manach (“friar's balsam”)
* cochall manaigh (“monk's hood, amice”)
* Fir Manach (“Fermanagh”)
* manach bán (“Cistercian monk”, literally “white monk”)
* manach dubh (“Benedictine monk”, literally “black monk”)
* manach liath (“Cistercian monk”, literally “grey monk”)
* manachas (“monasticism”)
* manachúil (“monastic”, adjective)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “manach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “manach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “manach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Old Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈma.nəx/

### Etymology 1

From Latin monachus, possibly via Proto-Brythonic *manax.

#### Noun

manach m
* monk
** c. 808, Félire Oengusso, Prologue, line 97; republished as Whitley Stokes, transl., Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee, Harrison & Sons, 1905:Ním·thá Sen-Phól manach, as a díthrub dubach, fria nóebainm co rrorath séntae cech slóg subach.Not so is Old Paul the monk, whose hermitage is gloomy; by his holy name with great grace, every happy crowd is blessed.
* (law) tenant of church lands

##### Inflection

Masculine o-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | manach | manach$^L$ | manaig$^L$ |
| Vocative | manaig | manach$^L$ | manchu$^H$ |
| Accusative | manach$^N$ | manach$^L$ | manchu$^H$ |
| Genitive | manaig$^L$ | manach | manach$^N$ |
| Dative | manach$^L$ | manchaib | manchaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

##### Descendants

* Middle Irish: manach
** Irish: manach
** Manx: maynagh, monnagh
** Scottish Gaelic: manach

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

manach
* Alternative form of monach

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish manach, from Latin monachus, from Ancient Greek μοναχός (monakhós, “single, solitary”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmanəx/

### Noun

manach m (genitive singular manaich, plural manaich)
* monk
* friar

#### Derived terms

* manachainn

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 manach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language