# 阿片
## Chinese
### Etymology

Ultimately from Ancient Greek ὄπιον (ópion), probably via English opium.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): āpiàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄚ ㄆㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): aa$^3$ pin$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): a-phiàn
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: āpiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄚ ㄆㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: apiàn
*** Wade–Giles: a$^1$-pʻien$^4$
*** Yale: ā-pyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: apiann
*** Palladius: апянь (apjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀä⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: aa$^3$ pin$^3$
*** Yale: a pin
*** Cantonese Pinyin: aa$^3$ pin$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: a$^3$ pin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /aː³³ pʰiːn³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: a-phiàn
*** Tâi-lô: a-phiàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: aphiexn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /a⁴⁴⁻²² pʰiɛn²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /a³³ pʰiɛn⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /a⁴⁴⁻²² pʰiɛn²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /a⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰiɛn¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /a⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰiɛn²¹/

### Noun

阿片
* opium

#### Synonyms

* (archaic) 白土 (báitǔ)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 阿芙蓉 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鴉片, 阿片 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 鴉片 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 鴉片 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 大煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 大煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 洋煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 大煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 鴉片煙, 洋煙 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 大煙, 洋煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 鴉片煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 鴉片煙, 大煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 大煙 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 大煙 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 鴉片, 大煙, 福壽膏 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鴉片煙 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 鴉片, 鴉片煙 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鴉片, 鴉片煙 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 鴉片, 鴉片煙 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 鴉片, 鴉片煙 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 鴉片, 鴉片薰 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 鴉片, 鴉片薰 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 烏煙 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 洋煙 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 洋煙 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 鴉片, 鴉片泥 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 烏薰 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 烏薰 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 烏薰 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 烏薰 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 鴉片 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 鴉片 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 烏塗, 薰塗 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 烏薰, 鴉片 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 鴉片煙 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 鴉片, 阿芙蓉, 黑佬 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 大煙 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 鴉片煙 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 烏煙 |

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 阿 | 片 |
| あ Jinmeiyō | へん Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spellings
* 鴉片 あへん アヘン

### Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 阿片 (āpiàn), probably via English opium.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あへん [àhéń] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) あへん [áꜜhèǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [a̠hẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

阿(あ)片(へん) or 阿片(アヘン) • (ahen)
* opium
    Synonym: オピウム (opiumu)
** 2006 July 9, Nobuhiro Watsuki, “第(だい)十五幕(まく)　「逃(とう)走(そう)麗(れい)女(じょ)」 [Act 15: “Escaped Beauty”]”, in るろうに剣(けん)心(しん)　—明(めい)治(じ)剣(けん)客(かく)浪(ろ)漫(まん)譚(たん)— [Rurōni Kenshin —Ballad of a Meiji Swordsroamer—], kanzenban edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 134:
    阿(ア)片(ヘン)です　誤(あやま)って大(たい)量(りょう)の阿(ア)片(ヘン)を一度(ど)に吸(す)って… しかし妙(みょう)でござるな　阿(ア)片(ヘン)といえばかなり高(こう)価(か)な薬(くすり)　一(いっ)般(ぱん)人(じん)がそんな大(たい)量(りょう)に買(か)い込(こ)める代(しろ)物(もの)ではないはずだが…
       Ahen desu Ayamatte tairyō no ahen o ichido ni sutte… Shikashi myō de gozaru na Ahen to ieba kanari kōka na kusuri Ippanjin ga sonna tairyō ni kaikomeru shiromono de wa nai hazu da ga…
       Opium. He accidentally overdosed on opium… It’s curious, still. Opium is quite expensive. It’s not something ordinary people can just buy in high doses…

#### Derived terms

* 阿片(あへん)窟(くつ) (ahen-kutsu)
* 阿片(あへん)戦争(せんそう) (Ahen Sensō)
* 阿片(あへん)タバコ (ahen tabako)
* 阿片(あへん)中毒(ちゅうどく) (ahen chūdoku)
* 阿片(あへん)法(ほう) (ahen-hō)

#### See also

* 芥子(ケシ), 罌粟(ケシ) (keshi, “opium poppy”)

### References

* ↑ “阿片”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months 〈英〉opiumの中国の音訳からFrom the Chinese transliteration of (Engl.) opium
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 阿 | 片 |

### Noun

阿片 • (apyeon) (hangeul 아편)
* hanja form of 아편 (“opium”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 阿 | 片 |

### Noun

阿片
* chữ Hán form of a phiến (“opium”).