# 奉

| 奉 | U+5949, &#22857; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5949 |
| ← 奈 [U+5948] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 奊 → [U+594A] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 奉 |
| Simplified | 奉 |
| Japanese | 奉 |
| Korean | 奉 |

### Alternative forms

See the article for 𡗗.

### Han character

奉 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手大手 (QKQ), four-corner 5050$_3$, composition ⿱𡗗𰀁)

#### Derived characters

* 俸, 唪, 埲, 𡞗, 淎, 𢔓, 𢜗, 捧, 𣈖, 䏾, 棒, 𣨞, 𤊡, 琫, 𨔐, 𪽙, 蜯, 𮘗, 㷯, 𫒩, 䩬, 䭰, 𩸮, 𪉪, 䳞, 菶, 𬕏, 𩃳, 𤷰

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 251, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5894
* Dae Jaweon: page 511, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 531, character 5
* Unihan data for U+5949

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 奉 :
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 邦 | *proːŋ |
| 梆 | *proːŋ |
| 垹 | *proːŋ |
| 肨 | *pʰroːŋs, *pʰroːŋs |
| 蚌 | *broːŋʔ, *breːŋʔ |
| 玤 | *broːŋʔ |
| 棒 | *broːŋʔ |
| 蜯 | *broːŋʔ |
| 琫 | *poːŋʔ |
| 菶 | *poːŋʔ, *boːŋʔ |
| 俸 | *poːŋʔ, *boŋs |
| 髼 | *boːŋ |
| 蜂 | *boːŋ, *pʰoŋ |
| 韸 | *boːŋ |
| 蓬 | *boːŋ |
| 篷 | *boːŋ |
| 唪 | *boːŋʔ, *boŋʔ |
| 埲 | *boːŋʔ |
| 丰 | *pʰoŋ |
| 妦 | *pʰoŋ |
| 仹 | *pʰoŋ |
| 峯 | *pʰoŋ |
| 峰 | *pʰoŋ |
| 鋒 | *pʰoŋ |
| 烽 | *pʰoŋ |
| 蠭 | *pʰoŋ |
| 桻 | *pʰoŋ |
| 莑 | *pʰoŋ |
| 夆 | *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds |
| 捧 | *pʰoŋʔ |
| 逢 | *boŋ |
| 縫 | *boŋ, *boŋs |
| 漨 | *boŋ |
| 捀 | *boŋ, *boŋs |
| 奉 | *boŋʔ |
Originally phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *boŋʔ) : phonetic 丰 (OC *pʰoŋ) + semantic 廾 (“two hands”)， hence the original version is 𠬻. 手 (“hand”) was later added at the bottom, and the original character was corrupted into 𡗗. Related to 舉.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): fèng (feng$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fong$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fung$^6$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fung$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fung
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fung$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): feng$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): hō̤ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): hông
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hǒng / hōng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hong$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$von
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): hong$^4$ / hong$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fòng
*** Wade–Giles: fêng$^4$
*** Yale: fèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenq
*** Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /fɤŋ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: fong$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fung
*** Sinological IPA : /foŋ²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fung$^6$
*** Yale: fuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fung$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fung$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fʊŋ²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fung$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuŋ¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fung
*** Hakka Romanization System: fung
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fuŋ⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fʊŋ⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: feng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /fəŋ⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hō̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /xɔŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hông
*** Sinological IPA : /houŋ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǒng
*** Tâi-lô: hǒng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōng
*** Tâi-lô: hōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hong
*** IPA (Jinjiang): /hɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hong$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hŏng
*** Sinological IPA : /hoŋ³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$von
*** MiniDict: von$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$von
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /voŋ²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: hong$^4$ / hong$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xʊŋ⁴⁵/, /xʊŋ²¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /xən⁴⁵/, /xən²¹/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit奉 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /fəŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /fəŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /fəŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /fəŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /fəŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /fəŋ³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /fəŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /fə̃²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /fəŋ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /fə̃n⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /fɤŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /foŋ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /foŋ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /foŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /foŋ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /fən⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /fəŋ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /fəŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xuŋ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /fə̃ŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /voŋ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /voŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /voŋ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ɦoŋ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /fʌ̃²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /fan⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /xoŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɸən⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /fuŋ²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /fuŋ⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /fuŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /foŋ²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /fuŋ²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /foŋ²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hɔŋ²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /houŋ²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xɔŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /hoŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /foŋ³³/ |
* Middle Chinese: bjowngX
Rime :
| Character | 奉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 扶隴切 |
| Baxter | bjowngX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨoŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bioŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bioŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buawŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /bioŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭwoŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯woŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fung$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-pʰ(r)oŋʔ/, /*pʰ(r)oŋʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*boŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 奉 | 奉 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fèng | fèng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bjowng$^X$ › | ‹ phjowng$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-pʰ(r)oŋʔ/ | /*pʰ(r)oŋʔ/ |
| English | present (v.) with both hands | hold with both hands; to present; receive |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 奉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3239 |
| Phonetic component | 丰 |
| Rime group | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 奉 |
| Old Chinese | /*boŋʔ/ |

### Definitions

奉
* to offer (tribute)
* to receive
* to serve
* to respect
* (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 奉 (MC bjowngX)
* (historical) Short for 奉天 (Fèngtiān, “Fengtian Province”).
* a surname

### Compounds

* 事奉 (shìfèng)
* 以一奉百
* 供奉 (gòngfèng)
* 侍奉 (shìfèng)
* 信奉 (xìnfèng)
* 倍奉
* 克己奉公 (kèjǐfènggōng)
* 嗇己奉公 / 啬己奉公
* 回奉
* 奉上 (fèngshàng)
* 奉事 (fèngshì)
* 奉令
* 奉令承教
* 奉侍
* 奉使
* 奉公 (fènggōng)
* 奉公不阿
* 奉公執法 / 奉公执法
* 奉公守法 (fènggōngshǒufǎ)
* 奉公正己
* 奉其正朔
* 奉別 / 奉别
* 奉勞 / 奉劳
* 奉勸 / 奉劝 (fèngquàn)
* 奉厝
* 奉召
* 奉告 (fènggào)
* 奉命 (fèngmìng)
* 奉命唯謹 / 奉命唯谨
* 奉土
* 奉天 (fèngtiān)
* 奉天承運 / 奉天承运 (fèngtiānchéngyùn)
* 奉如神明
* 奉委
* 奉安 (fèng'ān)
* 奉官
* 奉客
* 奉寧 / 奉宁
* 奉干
* 奉引
* 奉從 / 奉从
* 奉復 / 奉复
* 奉悉
* 奉懇 / 奉恳
* 奉承 (fèngchéng)
* 奉承話 / 奉承话
* 奉拜 (fèngbài)
* 奉持
* 奉揚仁風 / 奉扬仁风
* 奉擾 / 奉扰
* 奉政大夫
* 奉旨 (fèngzhǐ)
* 奉時 / 奉时
* 奉書 / 奉书
* 奉枕席
* 奉檄
* 奉此
* 奉氂纓 / 奉牦缨
* 奉求
* 奉派
* 奉為圭臬 / 奉为圭臬 (fèngwéiguīniè)
* 奉為楷模 / 奉为楷模
* 奉煩 / 奉烦
* 奉蒸嘗 / 奉蒸尝
* 奉牋 / 奉笺
* 奉獻 / 奉献 (fèngxiàn)
* 奉獻物 / 奉献物
* 奉獻箱 / 奉献箱
* 奉璧
* 奉祀 (fèngsì)
* 奉祠
* 奉祿 / 奉禄
* 奉節 / 奉节 (Fèngjié)
* 奉箕帚
* 奉義 / 奉义
* 奉若神明 (fèngruòshénmíng)
* 奉茶
* 奉藥 / 奉药
* 奉蘋蘩 / 奉𬞟蘩
* 奉行 (fèngxíng)
* 奉行故事
* 奉表
* 奉被
* 奉見 / 奉见
* 奉訪 / 奉访
* 奉詔 / 奉诏 (fèngzhào)
* 奉調 / 奉调
* 奉請 / 奉请
* 奉諱 / 奉讳
* 奉贈 / 奉赠
* 奉趙 / 奉赵
* 奉轂後車 / 奉毂后车
* 奉轡 / 奉辔
* 奉辭 / 奉辞
* 奉辭伐罪 / 奉辞伐罪
* 奉迎 (fèngyíng)
* 奉迓金蓮 / 奉迓金莲
* 奉送 (fèngsòng)
* 奉道齋僧 / 奉道斋僧
* 奉還 / 奉还 (fènghuán)
* 奉酒
* 奉酬
* 奉陪 (fèngpéi)
* 奉頭鼠竄 / 奉头鼠窜
* 奉養 / 奉养
* 奉餞 / 奉饯
* 如奉綸音 / 如奉纶音
* 屈意奉承
* 崇奉 (chóngfèng)
* 廉潔奉公 / 廉洁奉公
* 承奉
* 敬奉 (jìngfèng)
* 朝奉 (cháofèng)
* 案奉
* 欠奉
* 洗手奉職 / 洗手奉职
* 滅私奉公 / 灭私奉公
* 潔己奉公 / 洁己奉公
* 無可奉告 / 无可奉告 (wúkěfènggào)
* 發奉 / 发奉
* 直奉戰爭 / 直奉战争
* 砥節奉公 / 砥节奉公
* 祗奉
* 等因奉此
* 自奉
* 自奉甚儉 / 自奉甚俭
* 請奉 / 请奉
* 貢奉 / 贡奉
* 趨奉 / 趋奉 (qūfèng)
* 趨炎奉勢 / 趋炎奉势
* 進奉 / 进奉 (jìnfèng)
* 遵奉 (zūnfèng)
* 阿諛奉承 / 阿谀奉承 (ēyúfèngchéng)
* 阿諛趨奉 / 阿谀趋奉
* 陽奉陰違 / 阳奉阴违 (yángfèngyīnwéi)

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00858
* “奉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* to offer; to present

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぶ (bu, Jōyō $^†$)
* Kan-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)
* Kun: たてまつる (tatematsuru, 奉る, Jōyō)、まつる (matsuru, 奉る)、ほうずる (hōzuru, 奉ずる)
* Nanori: うけ (uke)、とも (tomo)、な (na)、よし (yoshi)

#### Compounds

* 奉行(ぶぎょう) (bugyō)
* 奉加(ほうが) (hōga)
* 奉還(ほうかん) (hōkan)
* 奉教人(ほうきょうにん) (hōkyōnin)
* 奉公(ほうこう) (hōkō)
* 奉仕(ほうし) (hōshi)
* 奉伺(ほうし) (hōshi)
* 奉侍(ほうじ) (hōji)
* 奉奏(ほうそう) (hōsō)
* 奉送(ほうそう) (hōsō)
* 奉読(ほうどく) (hōdoku)
* 奉納(ほうのう) (hōnō)
* 奉拝(ほうはい) (hōhai)
* 奉幣(ほうへい) (hōhei)
* 供奉(ぐぶ) (gubu)
* 信奉(しんぽう) (shinpō)

## Korean
### Hanja

奉 (eumhun 받들 봉 (batdeul bong))
* hanja form of 봉 (“to offer; to present”)

#### Compounds

* 봉사 (奉仕, bongsa, “attendance, service to one's country or community”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

奉: Hán Nôm readings: phụng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation