# ψηφίζω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

ψῆφος (psêphos, “a pebble”) +‎ -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō, suffix forming verbs)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /psɛː.pʰíz.dɔː/ → /psiˈɸi.zo/ → /psiˈfi.zo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /psɛː.pʰíz.dɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /pse̝ˈpʰi.zo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /psiˈɸi.zo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /psiˈfi.zo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /psiˈfi.zo/

### Verb

ψηφῐ́ζω • (psēphĭ́zō)
* to count or reckon, properly with pebbles
** to add up the numerical values of the letters of a word
*** c. 245 CE – c. 325 CE, Iamblichus Chalcidensis, Theological principles of arithmetic 64
* (properly) to cast one's vote with a pebble
** (absolute, generally) to vote
*** (construed with the dative) to vote in support of
** (construed with the accusative) to vote for, to carry by vote
*** (construed with a duplicated accusative) to vote to adjudge (someone) to be (a thing)
**** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.187e
** (construed with the infinitive) to vote, to resolve to do (something)
*** (construed with the accusative and infinitive) to vote that ⸻
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.88
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 2.2.20
**** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pompey 54
** (+ περί (perí, “about”) / ὑπέρ (hupér, “for”) + genitive) vote
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Demodocus 382d
*** 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Collected Works 1.154
* (active voice) to decide by vote
** (passive voice, aorist) to be voted

#### Derived terms

* ψήφῐσμᾰ (psḗphĭsmă) Compounds of the verb:
** ἀναψηφίζω (anapsēphízō, “put to the vote again”)
** ἀντιψηφίζομαι (antipsēphízomai, “vote against”)
** ἀποψηφίζομαι (apopsēphízomai, “vote away from”)
** διαψηφίζομαι (diapsēphízomai, “vote in order with ballots”)
** διαψηφίζω (diapsēphízō, “put to the vote”)
** διαψηφοφορέομαι (diapsēphophoréomai, “submitted to a ballot”)
** ἐμψηφίζω (empsēphízō, “enter a dect in one's book”)
** ἐνιψηφίζομαι (enipsēphízomai, “put to the vote”)
** ἐπιψηφίζω (epipsēphízō, “put to the vote”)
** καταψηφίζομαι (katapsēphízomai, “vote against; vote in affirmation; I am condemned”)
** μεταψηφίζω (metapsēphízō, “transfer by decree”)
** παραψηφίζομαι (parapsēphízomai, “deceive, cheat”)
** προαναψηφίζω (proanapsēphízō, “determine beforehand”)
** προσεπιψηφίζομαι (prosepipsēphízomai, “decree by vote besides”)
** προσψηφίζομαι (prospsēphízomai, “vote besides”)
** προψηφίζομαι (propsēphízomai, “decree before”)
** συγκαταψηφίζομαι (sunkatapsēphízomai, “condemn with”)
** συμψηφίζω (sumpsēphízō, “reckon together, count up”)
** συνεπιψηφίζω (sunepipsēphízō, “join in ratifying”)

#### Related terms

* ὁμοψηφέω (homopsēphéō, “vote together with”)
* συμψηφοθετέω (sumpsēphothetéō, “reckon together, count up”)
* συμψηφολογέω (sumpsēphologéō, “apply mosaic to a surface”)
* ψηφηφορέω (psēphēphoréō, “ψηφοφορέω”)
* ψηφιστέον (psēphistéon, “one must calculate”)
* ψηφοπαικτέω (psēphopaiktéō, “play juggling tricks”)
* ψηφοφορέω (psēphophoréō, “vote”)
* ψηφόω (psēphóō, “adorn with gems”)
and see ψῆφος f (psêphos, “pebble; counter; vote”) and related terms

#### Descendants

* Greek: ψηφίζω (psifízo)

### References

* “ψηφίζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ψηφίζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ψηφίζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

## Greek
### Etymology

Learnedly, from Ancient Greek ψηφίζω (psēphízō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /psiˈfizo/
* Hyphenation: ψη‧φί‧ζω

### Verb

ψηφίζω • (psifízo) (past ψήφισα, passive ψηφίζομαι, p‑past ψηφίστηκα, ppp ψηφισμένος)
* to vote

#### Synonyms

* εκλέγω (eklégo)

#### Derived terms

* επιψηφίζω (epipsifízo, “endorse by voting”)
* καταψηφίζω (katapsifízo, “vote against”)
* υπερψηφίζω (yperpsifízo, “vote for”)

#### Related terms

* ψηφοφορία f (psifoforía, “vote”)
* ισοψηφώ (isopsifó, “receive equal number of votes”)
* μειοψηφώ (meiopsifó, “become minority, receive less votes”)
* πλειοψηφώ (pleiopsifó, “become majority”)
* ψηφοθηρώ (psifothiró, “seek votes with illegal, immoral methods”)
* and see: ψήφος f (psífos#Related terms)

### Further reading

* ψηφίζω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language