# 嬪

| 嬪 | U+5B2A, &#23338; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B2A |
| ← 嬩 [U+5B29] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嬫 → [U+5B2B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

嬪 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 女十一金 (VJMC), four-corner 4348$_6$, composition ⿰女賓)

#### Descendants

* 嫔

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 272, character 37
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6819
* Dae Jaweon: page 541, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1087, character 19
* Unihan data for U+5B2A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 蠙 | *biːn, *bin |
| 賓 | *mpin |
| 檳 | *pin |
| 鑌 | *pin |
| 濱 | *pin |
| 顮 | *pin |
| 儐 | *pin, *pins |
| 矉 | *pin |
| 擯 | *pins |
| 殯 | *pins |
| 鬢 | *pins |
| 繽 | *pʰin |
| 嬪 | *bin |
| 薲 | *bin |
| 獱 | *bin |
| 臏 | *binʔ |
| 髕 | *binʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *bin) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 賓 (OC *mpin) – a kind of woman, a court lady or maid. 賓 also means “obey, submit”, hence connotations of “an obedient woman, a maid”.

### Etymology

Endopassive form of 賓 (OC *mpin, “to receive like a guest”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pín (pin$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ban$^3$ / pan$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): béng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bing$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pîn / pīn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bing$^3$ / ping$^5$ / bêng$^3$ / pêng$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pín
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pín
*** Wade–Giles: pʻin$^2$
*** Yale: pín
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyn
*** Palladius: пинь (pinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰin³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ban$^3$ / pan$^4$
*** Yale: ban / pàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ban$^3$ / pan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ben$^3$ / pen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐn³³/, /pʰɐn²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: béng
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛiŋ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pîn
*** Tâi-lô: pîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piin
*** IPA (Taipei): /pin²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pin²³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pīn
*** Tâi-lô: pīn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pin
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pin³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bing$^3$ / ping$^5$ / bêng$^3$ / pêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pìng / phîng / pèng / phêng
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ²¹³/, /pʰiŋ⁵⁵/, /peŋ²¹³/, /pʰeŋ⁵⁵/
* bing3/ping5 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
* bêng3/pêng5 - Jieyang.
* Middle Chinese: bjin
Rime :
| Character | 嬪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 符眞切 |
| Baxter | bjin |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /biɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bin/ |
| Li Rong | /biĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pín |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*bin/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 嬪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 849 |
| Phonetic component | 賓 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 頻 |
| Old Chinese | /*bin/ |

### Definitions

嬪
* (historical) court lady
* (historical) palace maid
* (archaic) a posthumous name for wives in Zhou ritual
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Shēng yuē fù, yuē mǔ, yuē qī, sǐ yuē kǎo, yuē bǐ, yuē pín. [Pinyin]
    While they are alive, the names of father, mother, and wife are used; when they are dead, those of "the completed one", "the corresponding one", and "the honoured one".

### Compounds

* 九嬪 / 九嫔
* 妃嬪 / 妃嫔 (fēipín)
* 嬪妃 / 嫔妃 (pínfēi)
* 嬪婦 / 嫔妇
* 嬪嬙 / 嫔嫱
* 嬪從 / 嫔从
* 嬪御 / 嫔御
* 宮嬪 / 宫嫔 (gōngpín)
* 貴嬪 / 贵嫔

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “嫔”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 177.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 娦 |
| Kyūjitai | 嬪 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 娦)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ひん (hin)
* Kun: ひめ (hime)

#### Compounds

* 別嬪(べっぴん) (beppin)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 嬪 (MC bjin). Recorded as Middle Korean 비ᇰ (ping) (Yale: ping) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 嬪 (eumhun 아내 빈 (anae bin))
* hanja form of 빈 (“court lady”)

#### Compounds

* 궁빈 (宮嬪, gungbin)
* 비빈 (妃嬪, bibin)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嬪: Hán Nôm readings: tần
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.