# apertar
## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese apretar, perhaps from Late Latin appectorāre, from Latin pectus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [apeɾˈtaɾ]

### Verb

apertar (first-person singular present aperto, first-person singular preterite apertei, past participle apertado)
* (transitive) to press
* (transitive) to squeeze
** 1938, Graciliano Ramos, “Sinha Victoria”, in Vidas Seccas [Barren Lives]‎, Rio de Janeiro: Livraria José Olympio Editora, page 58:Effectivamente os sapatos apertavam-lhe os dedos, faziam-lhe callos.Effectively the shoes squeezed his fingers, made calluses.
* (transitive) to tighten
* (transitive) to shake hands
* (transitive) to hug
* (transitive) to wring
    Synonyms: espremer, premer
* (transitive) to pressure, put pressure on
* (intransitive) to hurry
* (intransitive, of shoes) to be tight

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “apertar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “apert”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “apertar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “apertar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “apertar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “apertar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from English aperture, French aperture, Italian apertura, Russian аперту́ра (apertúra), Spanish apertura, ultimately from Latin apertus, perfect passive participle of aperiō (“I open; I uncover”). Compare Esperanto aperti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aperˈtar/

### Verb

apertar (present apertas, past apertis, future apertos, conditional apertus, imperative apertez)
* (transitive, also figuratively) to open, unclose
    Antonym: klozar

#### Derived terms

* aperte (“openly, plainly, frankly”)
* apertiva (“aperient, laxative”, adjective)
* apertivo (“aperient, laxative”, noun)
* aperto (“opening”)
* aperturo (“aperture, hole, gap”)
* miapertar (“to half open”)
* paf-aperturo (“loophole”)
* riapertar (“to reopen, open again”)

### See also

* desklozar

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese apretar, from Late Latin appectorāre, from Latin pectus.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /a.peʁˈta(ʁ)/ [a.pehˈta(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /a.peʁˈta(ʁ)/ [a.pehˈta(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /a.peɾˈta(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /a.peʁˈta(ʁ)/ [a.peχˈta(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /a.peɻˈta(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.pɨɾˈtaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.pɨɾˈtaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.pɨɾˈta.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: a‧per‧tar

### Verb

apertar (first-person singular present aperto, first-person singular preterite apertei, past participle apertado)
* to tighten
* to press, clasp, clamp
* (Brazil, slang, intransitive) to roll (a joint, a marijuana cigarette)
    Synonym: bolar
** 1986, “Malandragem Dá Um Tempo”, in Alô Malandragem, Maloca o Flagrante, performed by Bezerra da Silva:Vou apertar Mas não vou acender agora Se segura, malandro Pra fazer cabeça tem horaI will roll (a joint) But I will not light it now Hold yourself, malandro You should smoke at the right time (lit.: There is [a right] time to "make head" [smoke marijuana])

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:apertar.

#### Derived terms

* apertar as mãos (“to shake hands”)

#### Related terms

* peito
* perto
* preto