# درود
## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (drwd /⁠drōd⁠/, “well-being, health, welfare”), from Old Persian *druwatā-, from 𐎯𐎢𐎽𐎢𐎺 (du-u-ru-u-v /⁠duruva-⁠/, “secure, healthy”), from Proto-Iranian *druwáh. Compare Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬁𐬝 (druuatāt̰, “health”) (from 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀- (druua-)) and Sanskrit ध्रुव (dhruvá, “fixed, immovable; firm”). Related to Old Armenian դրուատ (druat). As a greeting compare Russian здоро́во (zdoróvo, “hi”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [da.ɾoːð], [da.ɾuːð], [du.ɾuːð]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾud̪̥], [d̪u.ɾud̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪æ.ɹuːd̪̥], [d̪o.ɹuːd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪u.ɾud̪]
* Rhymes: -uːd

#### Interjection

درود • (dorud)
* hello; hi; hail

#### Noun

درود • (dorud)
* greeting, salutation
    سلام و درود از خراسان ― salâm o dorud az xorasân ― hello and greetings from Khorasan (Formal Khorasani Persian)
* health; well-being; welfare

##### Descendants

* → Bengali: দরূদ (dorud)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: दुरूद (durūd)
    Urdu: دُرُود (durūd)
** → English: durood
* → Punjabi: دَرُود (darūd)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dā́ru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru. Also see دار (dâr), درخت (deraxt). Aghwan 𐔳𐕒𐕡𐕙𐕒𐕡𐔳 (durud) is an Iranian borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [da.ɾuːð], [du.ɾuːð]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾuːd̪], [d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪ä.ɾud̪̥], [d̪u.ɾud̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪æ.ɹuːd̪̥], [d̪o.ɹuːd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪u.ɾed̪]

#### Noun

درود • (dorud)
* (uncommon) timber
* (uncommon or Iran) plank

##### Alternative forms

* درید (dorid)

##### Derived terms

* درگر (dorgar, “carpenter”)
* درودگری (dorudgari, “carpentry”)

##### See also

* نجار (najjâr, “carpenter”)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian درود (/⁠durūd⁠/), from Middle Persian drwd (drōd). First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi درود (drvd /⁠drūd⁠/),

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /d̪ʊ.ɾuːd̪/
* (colloquial) IPA: [d̪ə.ɾuːd̪]
* Rhymes: -uːd̪
* Hyphenation: دُ‧رُود

### Noun

دُرُود • (durūd) m (Hindi spelling दुरूद)
* blessing, salutation
* (Islam) Salawat (durood – the uttering of specific phrases to bless the prophet Muhammad whenever he is mentioned or encountered in a text)
    Synonym: سَلام (salām)
* (by extension) Ellipsis of دُرُود شَرِیف (durūd śarīf).

#### Declension

Declension of درود :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | دُرُود (durūd) | دُرُود (durūd) |
| oblique | دُرُود (durūd) | دُرُودوں (durūdõ) |
| vocative | دُرُود (durūd) | دُرُودو (durūdo) |

#### Derived terms

* دَم دُرُود (dam durūd, “blowing incantations or prayers, courage, guts, power to stand up to”)
* دُرُود و سَلام (durūd o salām, “benedictions and blessings on Prophet Muhammad”)
* فاتِحَہ دُرُود (fātiha durūd, “assembly convened to offer prayers for the dead”)

#### Descendants

* → English: durood

### References

* ↑ “درود”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

### Further reading

* “درود”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “درود”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]