# խմորուկ
## Armenian
### Etymology

A dialectal word that was briefly adopted into the literary language but was eventually displaced by ելակ (elak). Usually explained as խմոր (xmor, “dough”) +‎ -ուկ (-uk), because of the dough-like softness of the strawberry.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /χəmoˈɾuk/, [χəmoɾúk]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /χəmoˈɾuɡ/, [χəmoɾúɡ]

### Noun

խմորուկ • (xmoruk) (dialectal, obsolete)
* strawberry, according to some specifically the musk strawberry, French capron
    Synonym: ելակ (elak)
** 1897, Gabriēl Mēnēvišean, Patkerazard bnakan patmutʻiwn, B. Busabanutʻiwn [Illustrated Natural History: 2. Botany] :Անտառի ելագը կամ խմորուկը (իծամորի, գետնաթութ) (Fragaria vesca) գլանաձև, շեղ կոճղարմատ մ՚ունի, որմէ կը բխեն տերևները […] Antaṙi elagə kam xmorukə (icamori, getnatʻutʻ) (Fragaria vesca) glanajew, šeġ kočġarmat m’uni, ormē kə bxen terewnerə […]
** 1899, Manuēl Kʻaǰuni, Partizpanutʻyun [Horticulture] :Մեծ տեսակ ելակը մեր մեջ կ՚ըսուի Խմորուկ (գղ. Capron. իտ. Fragolone), և բոյսը Խմորկենի (գղ. Capronier)։Mec tesak elakə mer meǰ k’əsui Xmoruk (gġ. Capron. it. Fragolone), ew boysə Xmorkeni (gġ. Capronier).

#### Usage notes

According to some, also refers to the fruit of the strawberry tree, and the name is to be explained by the lacklustre dough-like taste of this fruit.

#### Derived terms

* խմորկենի (xmorkeni)

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1913) “խմորուկ”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 474b
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “խմոր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 377a
* Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “խմորուկ”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 1069, page 249
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “խմորուկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui. Yaweluac ašxarhik baṙkʻ anvkaykʻ i grocʻ aṙ mez ełelocʻ [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language. Appendix of Dialectal Words] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 1063b
* Awgerean, Mkrtičʻ, Čēlalean, Grigor (1865) “խմորուկ”, in Aṙjeṙn baṙaran haykaznean lezui [Pocket Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 380b
* J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837) “ելագ”, in Baṙgirkʻ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 438c
* Galfayean, Ambrosios (1861) “խմորուկ”, in Baṙgirkʻ hay-gałłiarēn [Armenian–French Dictionary], Paris: Librairie de L. Hachette et Cie., page 386a
* Hiwrmiwzean, Eduard (1869) “խօճայ եէմիշի”, in Baṙgirkʻ yašxarhabaṙē i grabaṙ [New Armenian – Old Armenian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 240a, treats as a synonym of մաթուզ (matʻuz) and Turkish kocayemiş
* Kʻaǰuni, Manuēl (1891) “capron”, in Baṙgirkʻ aruesticʻ ew gitutʻeancʻ ew gełecʻik dprutʻeancʻ [Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and Belles Lettres], volume I (overall work in Old Armenian and French), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 373b
* Malxaseancʻ, Stepʻan (1944) “խմորուկ”, in Hayerēn bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Armenian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, Yerevan: State Publishing House, page 270c
* Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (1882–1884) “fraise”, in Baṙagirkʻ i gałłierēn lezuē i hayerēn [Dictionnaire français-arménien], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian Press, page 567a
* Sargsyan, Artem et al., editors (2002), “խմորուկ”, in Hayocʻ lezvi barbaṙayin baṙaran [Dialectal Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume II, Yerevan: Hayastan, page 337a
* Schuchardt, Hugo (1905) “Zu span. madroño”, in Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie‎ (in German), volume 29, page 218, connects with Ancient Greek κόμαρος (kómaros, “strawberry tree”) and the Semitic root ح م ر (ḥ m r) related to redness
* “ելագ կամ խմորուկ”, in Bnakan patmutʻiwn, zor yōrineal ē ašakertacʻ meci hōrn Mxitʻaray [Natural history composed by the disciples of great Abbot Mekhitar] (in Armenian), volume II, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, 1844, page 23a
* Аннанеков, Н. (1878) “Fragaria vesca”, in Ботанический словарь [Botanical Dictionary] (in Russian), revised and enlarged edition, Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 147a, spelling as хморукъ (xmoruk)
* ↑ Mēnēvišean, Gabriēl (1897) Patkerazard bnakan patmutʻiwn, B. Busabanutʻiwn [Illustrated Natural History: 2. Botany] (in Armenian), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 112
* ↑ Kʻaǰuni, Manuēl (1899) Partizpanutʻiwn [Horticulture] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 338, page 231