# 償

| 償 | U+511F, &#20767; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-511F |
| ← 儞 [U+511E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 儠 → [U+5120] |

## Translingual
### Han character

償 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+15, 17 strokes, cangjie input 人火月金 (OFBC), four-corner 2928$_6$, composition ⿰亻賞)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 120, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1245
* Dae Jaweon: page 254, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 234, character 2
* Unihan data for U+511F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 償
* Bronze inscriptionsb12334Small seal scripts05794
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 當 | *taːŋ, *taːŋs |
| 襠 | *taːŋ |
| 鐺 | *taːŋ, *sʰraːŋ |
| 簹 | *taːŋ |
| 璫 | *taːŋ |
| 檔 | *taːŋ, *taːŋs |
| 儅 | *taːŋ, *taːŋs |
| 蟷 | *taːŋ |
| 擋 | *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs |
| 黨 | *taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 讜 | *taːŋʔ |
| 欓 | *taːŋʔ |
| 譡 | *taːŋs |
| 闣 | *taːŋs |
| 瓽 | *taːŋs |
| 鏜 | *tʰaːŋ |
| 闛 | *tʰaːŋ, *daːŋ |
| 鼞 | *tʰaːŋ |
| 曭 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 儻 | *tʰaːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋs |
| 戃 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 矘 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 爣 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 攩 | *hl'aːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs |
| 淌 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 倘 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 躺 | *tʰaːŋʔ |
| 趟 | *tʰaːŋs, *rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs |
| 堂 | *daːŋ |
| 坣 | *daːŋ |
| 棠 | *daːŋ |
| 糛 | *daːŋ |
| 螳 | *daːŋ |
| 隚 | *daːŋ |
| 橖 | *daːŋ |
| 掌 | *tjaŋʔ |
| 廠 | *tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs |
| 敞 | *tʰjaŋʔ |
| 僘 | *tʰjaŋʔ |
| 氅 | *tʰjaŋʔ |
| 常 | *djaŋ |
| 嘗 | *djaŋ |
| 裳 | *djaŋ |
| 徜 | *djaŋ |
| 尚 | *djaŋ, *djaŋs |
| 甞 | *djaŋ |
| 鋿 | *djaŋ |
| 嫦 | *djaŋ |
| 償 | *djaŋ, *djaŋs |
| 賞 | *hjaŋʔ |
| 瞠 | *rtʰaːŋ |
| 撐 | *rtʰaːŋ |
| 樘 | *rtʰaːŋ |
| 橕 | *rtʰaːŋ |
| 牚 | *rtʰaːŋs |
| 埫 | *tʰoŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 賞 (OC *hjaŋʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cháng (chang$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sóng
    (Hailu, HRS): shong$^ˊ$
* Northern Min (KCR): siǒng
* Eastern Min (BUC): siòng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): syong$^2$ / syeng$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siông / siâng / sióng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sion$^5$ / siên$^5$ / tang$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cháng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cháng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻang$^2$
*** Yale: cháng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charng
*** Palladius: чан (čan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^4$
*** Yale: sèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sóng
*** Hakka Romanization System: song$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: song$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /soŋ³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shong$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃoŋ²⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: siǒng
*** Sinological IPA : /siɔŋ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siòng
*** Sinological IPA : /suoŋ⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: syong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬyɒŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: syeng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬyøŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siông
*** Tâi-lô: siông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sioong
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /siɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ²³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siâng
*** Tâi-lô: siâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siaang
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ¹³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sióng
*** Tâi-lô: sióng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siorng
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ⁴¹/
* siông/siâng - literary;
* sióng - vernacular (俗).
* Middle Chinese: dzyang, dzyangH
Rime :
| Character | 償 | 償 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 市羊切 | 時亮切 |
| Baxter | dzyang | dzyangH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑɨɐŋ/ | /d͡ʑɨɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɐŋ/ | /d͡ʑiɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑiɑŋ/ | /d͡ʑiɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑɨaŋ/ | /d͡ʑɨaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiaŋ/ | /ʑiaŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭaŋ/ | /ʑĭaŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʑi̯aŋ/ | /ʑi̯aŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cháng | shàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | soeng$^4$ | soeng$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*djaŋ/, /*djaŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 償 | 償 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11160 | 11162 |
| Phonetic component | 尚 | 尚 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 常 | 尚 |
| Old Chinese | /*djaŋ/ | /*djaŋs/ |
| Notes | 金文原無人旁此爲轉註 | |

### Definitions

償
* (literary, or in compounds) to repay; to recompense
* (literary, or in compounds) restitution; compensation
* (literary, or in compounds, of a wish) to be fulfilled

#### Synonyms

* (to repay): 抵補／抵补 (dǐbǔ)
* (restitution):
* 報償 / 报偿 (bàocháng)
* 報酬 / 报酬 (bàochóu)
* 待遇 (dàiyù)
* 酬勞 / 酬劳 (chóuláo)
* 酬報 / 酬报 (chóubào)

### Compounds

* 一償宿願 / 一偿宿愿
* 代償 / 代偿 (dàicháng)
* 以血償血 / 以血偿血
* 保險賠償 / 保险赔偿
* 償付 / 偿付 (chángfù)
* 償債 / 偿债 (chángzhài)
* 償命 / 偿命 (chángmìng)
* 償得夙願 / 偿得夙愿
* 償補 / 偿补
* 償責 / 偿责
* 償還 / 偿还 (chánghuán)
* 償願 / 偿愿
* 取償 / 取偿
* 國家賠償 / 国家赔偿
* 國際索償 / 国际索偿
* 報償 / 报偿 (bàocháng)
* 夙願以償 / 夙愿以偿
* 如願以償 / 如愿以偿 (rúyuànyǐcháng)
* 得不償失 / 得不偿失 (débùchángshī)
* 得償所願 / 得偿所愿 (déchángsuǒyuàn)
* 抵償 / 抵偿 (dǐcháng)
* 損害賠償 / 损害赔偿
* 有償契約 / 有偿契约
* 有償行為 / 有偿行为
* 殺人償命 / 杀人偿命
* 求償 / 求偿
* 法償貨幣 / 法偿货币 (fǎcháng huòbì)
* 清償 / 清偿 (qīngcháng)
* 無償 / 无偿 (wúcháng)
* 無償契約 / 无偿契约
* 補償 / 补偿 (bǔcháng)
* 補償作用 / 补偿作用
* 補償支付 / 补偿支付
* 補償教育 / 补偿教育
* 補償財政 / 补偿财政
* 補償費 / 补偿费
* 賠償 / 赔偿 (péicháng)
* 賠償醫學 / 赔偿医学
* 酬償 / 酬偿
* 難償所願 / 难偿所愿

### References

* “償”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “偿”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 27.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* reparation

#### Readings

* Go-on: じょう (jō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)
* Kun: つぐなう (tsugunau, 償う, Jōyō)、つぐない (tsugunai, 償い)

## Korean
### Hanja

償 (eum 상 (sang))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

償: Hán Nôm readings: thường
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.