# казна
## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaznь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkazna]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

казна • (kazna) f (relational adjective казнен, diminutive казничка)
* punishment

#### Declension
### Anagrams

* знака (znaka), казан (kazan), наказ (nakaz)

## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from a Kypchak Turkic source, compare Kipchak qazna (“treasury”) (Codex Cumanicus, Ave, porta paradisi, verse 75), further origin uncertain but probably Iranian, possibly ultimately from Old Median *ganǰam (“treasure”).
Directly attested since 1389 (treaty of Dmitry Donskoy with Vladimir the Bold) while its derivative казначе́й (kaznačéj) is used already in the last will of Ivan II of Moscow circa 1358.
Formally close cognates include Nogai казна (kazna), Kazakh қазына (qazyna), Bashkir ҡаҙна (qaźna), Ossetian хъӕзна (qæzna), Chechen хазна (xazna, “treasure, treasury”), Serbo-Croatian ха̏зна (“treasury; cash register”), Bulgarian хазна (hazna, “treasure; cash register”), Romanian hazna (“treasury; septic tank”), Turkish hazne (“treasury”), Arabic خَزْنَة (ḵazna, “[a] safe”).
Also compare Ottoman Turkish خزینه (hazîne), Turkish and Crimean Tatar hazine, Tatar хәзинә (xäzinä, “treasure, treasury”), Persian خزینه (xazine), Arabic خَزِينَة (ḵazīna, “treasury”), Ancient Greek γάζα (gáza), Middle Persian [script needed] (ganǰ), Persian گنج (ganj, “treasure”), Sogdian [script needed] (γznyʼ /⁠γaznyā⁠/, “treasury”), Parthian 𐫃𐫉𐫗𐫁𐫡 (gznbr /⁠gaznβar⁠/, “treasurer”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɐzˈna]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

казна́ • (kazná) f inan (genitive казны́, nominative plural казны́, genitive plural *казн, relational adjective казённый)
* treasury, exchequer
* fisc

#### Related terms

* казначе́й (kaznačéj)
* казначе́йство (kaznačéjstvo)

#### Descendants

* → Khakas: хазна (xazna, “state”)
* → Southern Altai: казна (kazna)
* → Yakut: хааһына (qaahına)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kaznь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kâzna/
* Hyphenation: каз‧на

### Noun

ка̏зна f (Latin spelling kȁzna)
* punishment
* penalty
* visitation (of God)

#### Declension
## Southern Altai
### Etymology

From Arabic خَزِينَة (ḵazīna, “treasury”).
Cognate with Tatar хәзинә (xäzinä), Bashkir хазина (xazina), Bashkir ҡаҙна (qaźna), Uzbek xazina, Uyghur خەزىنە (xezine), Turkmen hazyna, Azerbaijani xəzinə, Turkish hazine (“treasure”), etc.

### Noun

казна • (kazna)
* treasure

### References

Čumakajev A. E., editor (2018), “казна”, in Altajsko-russkij slovarʹ [Altaic–Russian Dictionary], Gorno-Altaysk: NII altaistiki im. S.S. Surazakova, →ISBN

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Turkic languages. For more details see the etymology section of the Russian entry.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɐzˈna]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

казна́ • (kazná) f inan (genitive казни́, uncountable) (dated)
* (finance, government) treasury (government department that manages government finances)
* (colloquial) coffers (a supply or store of money)
* (historical) treasury, treasure house (place where treasure is stored safely)

#### Synonyms

* (all senses): скарбни́ця f (skarbnýcja)

### References

* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “казна”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 342
   * Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2015), “казна”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 6 (зга́га – ква́рта), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN, page 674
   * “казна”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
   * “казна”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “казна”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “казна”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “казна”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “казна”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)