# pudor
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pudor (“sense of modesty or shame”), from pudet (“it shames”), as is pudency (via pudentia).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpjuːdɔː/, /ˈpjuːdər/

### Noun

pudor (uncountable)
* An appropriate sense of modesty or shame.
** 1922, James Joyce, Ulysses:Woman, undoing with sweet pudor her belt of rushrope, offers her allmoist yoni to man’s lingam.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Proud, pour'd, proud

## Catalan
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin pudōrem.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [puˈðor]

#### Noun

pudor m (plural pudors)
* shame
    Synonym: vergonya
* modesty

### Etymology 2

From Latin pūtōrem. First attested in the 14th century.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [puˈðo]
* IPA: (Valencia) [puˈðoɾ]

#### Noun

pudor f (plural pudors)
* stench, malodor

### Further reading

* “pudor” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Latin
### Etymology

From pudet (“it shames”) +‎ -or.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpu.dor/, [ˈpʊd̪ɔr]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpu.dor/, [ˈpuːd̪or]

### Noun

pudor m (genitive pudōris); third declension
* A sense of shame; shamefacedness, shyness; ignominy, disgrace; humiliation
    Synonym: verēcundia
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.593–594:Parthe, refers aquilās, vīctōs quoque porrigis arcūs: pignora iam nostrī nūlla pudōris habēs.Parthian, you are returning the eagles, you are extending the vanquished bows as well: Now you have no tokens of our shame. (See: Phraates V; Aquila (Roman).)
* Modesty, decency, propriety, scrupulousness, shame, chastity; also, these qualities or behaviors personified as “Shame”, “Modesty”, etc.
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.24-27:“Sed mihi vel tellūs optem prius īmā dēhīscat, vel Pater omnipotēns adigat mē fulmine ad umbrās, pallentīs umbrās Erebī noctemque profundam, ante, Pudor, quam tē violō, aut tua iūra resolvō.”“But first I would pray — either that deepest earth gape open for me, or the Father almighty hurl me with his thunderbolt to the shades, the pallid shades and boundless night of Erebus — sooner than I violate you, [my sense of] Shame, or unbind your laws.” (For an analysis of “Pudor” in this context, see: Gildenhard, I., [2012], Virgil, Aeneid 4.1–299, Open Book Publishers, pp. 73-75. Translations vary – Mackail, 1885: “mine honour”; Mandelbaum, 1971: “Shame”; Fitzgerald, 1981: “O chaste life”; West, 1990: “my conscience”; Lombardo, 2005: “O Modesty”.)
* A blush

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* impudens
* impudenter
* impudentia
* impudicitia
* pudendum
* pudendus
* pudens
** pudenter
* pudibundus
* pudicitia
* pudōrātus
* pudōricolor
* pudōrōsus

#### Related terms

* pudēfactus
* pudēns
* pudenter
* pudescit
* pudet
* pudibilis
* pudibundus
* pudīcē
* pudīcitia
* pudīcus

#### Descendants

* Catalan: pudor
* English: pudor
* French: pudeur
* Italian: pudore
* Portuguese: pudor
* Romanian: pudoare
* Spanish: pudor

### References

* “pudor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “pudor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* pudor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* pudor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin pudōrem.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /puˈdoʁ/ [puˈdoh]
* (Brazil) IPA: /puˈdoʁ/ [puˈdoh]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /puˈdoɾ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /puˈdoʁ/ [puˈdoχ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /puˈdoɻ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /puˈdoɾ/ [puˈðoɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /puˈdoɾ/ [puˈðoɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /puˈdo.ɾi/ [puˈðo.ɾi]
* Rhymes: (Portugal, São Paulo) -oɾ, (Brazil) -oʁ
* Hyphenation: pu‧dor

### Noun

pudor m (plural pudores)
* pudor (appropriate sense of modesty or shame)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /puˈdoɾ/ [puˈð̞oɾ]
* Rhymes: -oɾ
* Syllabification: pu‧dor

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin pudōrem.

#### Noun

pudor m (plural pudores)
* shame
    Synonym: vergüenza
* modesty
    Synonym: modestia

##### Related terms

* pudoroso

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin pūtōrem.

#### Noun

pudor m (plural pudores)
* stench, malodor, fetidness (bad smell)
    Synonym: hedor, hediondez

##### Related terms

* pudir

### Further reading

* “pudor”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10