# barbar
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [bərˈba]
* IPA: (Valencia) [baɾˈbaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
* Homophone: barbà

### Verb

barbar (first-person singular present barbo, first-person singular preterite barbí, past participle barbat)
* to beard (to grow hair on the chin and jaw)

#### Conjugation
## Czech
### Noun

barbar m anim
* barbarian
* philistine (uncultured person)

#### Related terms

* barbarsky
* barbarský

## Danish
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “foreign, strange”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /barbaːr/, [b̥ɑˈb̥ɑːˀ]

### Noun

barbar c (singular definite barbaren, plural indefinite barbarer)
* barbarian (an uncivilized person)

#### Inflection
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch barbaar, from Middle Dutch barbaer, from barbarien, from Old French barbare, from Latin barbarus, from Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros). Cognate of Arabic بَرْبَر (barbar).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbarbar]
* Hyphenation: bar‧bar

### Adjective

barbar
* barbaric, uncivilized, uncultured or uncouth.

### Noun

barbar (plural barbar-barbar)
* barbarian.

### Related terms

* barbarisme

### Further reading

* “barbar” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “foreign, non-Greek, strange”).

### Noun

barbar m (definite singular barbaren, indefinite plural barbarer, definite plural barbarene)
* a barbarian

#### Derived terms

* barbarisk

### References

* “barbar” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “foreign, non-Greek, strange”).

### Noun

barbar m (definite singular barbaren, indefinite plural barbarar, definite plural barbarane)
* a barbarian

#### Derived terms

* barbarisk

### References

* “barbar” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French barbare. Doublet of varvar.

### Noun

barbar m (plural barbari)
* barbarian

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* bȁrbarin (Bosnia, Croatia, Montenegro)
* varvarin (Bosnia, Serbia)

### Etymology

From Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “foreign, strange”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bǎrbar/
* Hyphenation: bar‧bar

### Noun

bàrbar m (Cyrillic spelling ба̀рбар)
* barbarian

#### Declension
### References

* “barbar”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From barba +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baɾˈbaɾ/ [baɾˈβ̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: bar‧bar

### Verb

barbar (first-person singular present barbo, first-person singular preterite barbé, past participle barbado)
* (intransitive) to beard (to grow hair on the chin and jaw)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

### Further reading

* “barbar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros).

### Noun

barbar c
* barbarian (an uncivilized person)

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | barbar | barbars |
| singular | definite | barbaren | barbarens |
| plural | indefinite | barbarer | barbarers |
| plural | definite | barbarerna | barbarernas |

#### Related terms

* barbarisk

## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French barbare, from Medieval Latin barbarinus (“Berber, pagan, Saracen, barbarian”), from Latin barbaria (“foreign country”), from barbarus (“foreigner, savage”), from Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “foreign, non-Greek, strange”), possibly onomatopoeic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baɾbaɾ/, [baɾbaɾ̥]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

barbar
* barbarian (uncivilized)