# 水道
## Chinese
### Etymology

Attestable in pre-Qin texts. Sense "water supply" from Japanese 水道(すいどう) (suidō).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shuǐdào
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi$^2$ dou$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): súi-tho
* Eastern Min (BUC): cūi-dô̤
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chúi-tō
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$sy-dau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shuǐdào
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shuěidào
*** Wade–Giles: shui$^3$-tao$^4$
*** Yale: shwěi-dàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shoeidaw
*** Palladius: шуйдао (šujdao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$水稻 水道
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: seoi$^2$ dou$^6$
*** Yale: séui douh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soey$^2$ dou$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêu$^2$ dou$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɵy̯³⁵ tou̯²²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$水稻 水道
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: súi-tho
*** Hakka Romanization System: sui$^ˋ$ to
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sui$^3$ to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /su̯i³¹ tʰo⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cūi-dô̤
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sui³³⁻⁵⁵ $^{(t-)}$lɔ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chúi-tō
*** Tâi-lô: tsuí-tō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zuy'doi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$sy-dau
*** MiniDict: sy$^去$ dau
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$sr-dau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩³³ dɔ⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: sywijX dawX
Rime :
| Character | 水 | 道 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (18) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 式軌切 | 徒晧切 |
| Baxter | sywijX | dawX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕˠiuɪ$^X$/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕʷᵚi$^X$/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕiuɪ$^X$/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕjwi$^X$/ | /daw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕjui$^X$/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕwi$^X$/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕwi$^X$/ | /dʱɑu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shuǐ | dào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | seoi$^2$ | dou$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.turʔ [kə.l]ˤuʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰʷljilʔ l'uːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 水 | 道 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shuǐ | dào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sywij$^X$ › | ‹ daw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.turʔ/ (E dialect: *-r > *-j) | /*[kə.l]ˁuʔ/ |
| English | water; river | way |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 水 | 道 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11948 | 11669 |
| Phonetic component | 水 | 首 |
| Rime group | 脂 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 水 | 道 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰʷljilʔ/ | /*l'uːʔ/ |

### Noun

水道
* canal; ditch
* water course; waterway
       bǎ mǒuwù qīngdào zài shuǐdào zhōng [Pinyin]
       to dump sth in the waterway
* lane in swimming pool
* (literary) urethra
* (Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka) water supply

#### Synonyms

* (canal): (literary) 孔 (kǒng), 渠道 (qúdào)
* (water course): 水路 (shuǐlù), 航道 (hángdào)

#### Derived terms

* 水道口
* 水道水
* 水道頭 / 水道头

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 水 | 道 |
| すい Grade: 1 | どう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

From 水 (sui, “water; cold water”) +‎ 道 (dō, “passage; duct”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) すいどー [sùídóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [sɨido̞ː]

### Noun

水(すい)道(どう) • (suidō)
* water service, water supply
* channel
* aqueduct

#### Derived terms

* 水道屋(すいどうや) (suidōya, “plumber”)
* 水道管(すいどうかん) (suidōkan, “water pipe”)
* 水道局(すいどうきょく) (suidōkyoku, “water bureau”)
* 水道工事(すいどうこうじ) (suidō kōji, “waterworks”)
* 水道水(すいどうすい) (suidōsui, “tap water”)
* 水道栓(すいどうせん) (suidōsen, “hydrant; faucet”)
* 水道料(すいどうりょう) (suidōryō, “water rates”)
* 水道料金(すいどうりょうきん) (suidō ryōkin, “water charges”)
* 水道(すいどう)の水(すい) (suidō no sui, “tap water”)
* 水道(すいどう)の栓(せん) (suidō no sen, “water spigot”)
* 下水道(げすいどう) (gesuidō, “drain; sewer”)
* 上下水道(じょうげすいどう) (jōgesuidō, “water and sewer services”)
* 上水道(じょうすいどう) (jōsuidō, “waterworks”)
* 中水道(ちゅうすいどう) (chūsuidō, “gray water system”)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 水 | 道 |

### Noun

水道 • (sudo) (hangeul 수도)
* hanja form of 수도 (“water supply”)