# baran
## Kashubian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *baranъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.ran/
* Rhymes: -aran
* Syllabification: ba‧ran

### Noun

baran m animal (diminutive barónk or barank, related adjective barani)
* ram (male sheep)
    Synonyms: bòdôcz, rogôl

### Noun

baran m pers
* (colloquial, derogatory) bonehead (idiot)

### Noun

baran m inan
* badly cut windrow

### Further reading

* Stefan Ramułt (1893) “barôn”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 5
* Sychta, Bernard (1967) “baran”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volumes 1 (A – Ǵ), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 17
* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “baran”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “baran”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “baran”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *baranъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbaran]

### Noun

baran m anim (diminutive barank)
* ram (male sheep)

#### Hypernyms

* wójca (“sheep”)

#### Coordinate terms

* jagnje (“lamb”)
* skop (“wether”)
* śiba (“ewe”)

#### Derived terms

* baraniś

### Further reading

* Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “baran”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
* Starosta, Manfred (1999) “baran”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

## Maranao
### Noun

baran
* target practice

## Middle English
### Adjective

baran
* Alternative form of bareyne

## Northern Kurdish
### Alternative forms

* باران (baran)
* баран (baran)
* պարան (paran)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wáHr̥ (“water; rain”), from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁r- (“water”). Cognate to Central Kurdish باران (baran) and Persian باران (bârân); see there for more.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɑːˈɾɑːn/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

baran f (Arabic spelling باران)
* rain

#### Related terms

* barandin (“to cause to rain”)
* barîn (“to rain”)
* baranî

### References

* Cabolov, R. L. (2001) “bārān”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 152
* Jaba, Auguste, Justi, Ferdinand (1879) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 33b
* Kurdojev, K. K. (1960) “baran”, in Курдско-русский словарь [Kurdish–Russian Dictionary], Moscow: Государственное издательство иностранных и национальных словарей, page 61a
* Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “baran”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 24

## Old Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *baranъ. First attested in the 14th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /baraːn/
* IPA: (15th CE) /barɒn/

### Noun

baran m animacy unattested (diminutive baranek or baraniec, related adjective barani or baranowy)
* (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) ram (male sheep)
** 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 64, 14:Obleczeni sø baranowe owecz (induti sunt arietes ovium)[Obleczeni są baranowie owiec (induti sunt arietes ovium)]
** c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 144v:Veruex id est aries non castratus et est pater ouium eyn wider baran[Veruex id est aries non castratus et est pater ouium eyn wider baran]

#### Related terms

* barańczy
* barankowe

#### Descendants

* Polish: baran
* Silesian: barōn

### References

* Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “baran”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
* Mańczak, Witold (2017) “baran”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
* Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “baran”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “baran”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “baran”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
* Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “baran”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* barón (Southern Greater Poland)
* baron (Przemyśl)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish baran.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.ran/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈba.rɒn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aran
* Syllabification: ba‧ran
* Homophone: Baran

### Noun

baran m animal (diminutive baranek, augmentative baranisko, related adjective barani)
* ram (male sheep)
    Synonyms: tryk, cap
    Coordinate term: owca
* (colloquial) ramskin, sheepskin (leather of this animal)
    Synonyms: baranica, kożuch
* (colloquial, usually in the plural) frizz (very curly, short hair)
    Synonym: baranek
* (heraldry) ram (image of this animal as used in coats of arms)
* (obsolete) type of rabbit
* (obsolete, historical) battering ram
    Synonym: taran
* (obsolete, engineering) pile driver (machine for forcing a pile, a long beam, into the ground)
    Synonyms: baba, kafar
* (obsolete) milk skin, skin (congealed layer on the surface of a liquid)
    Synonym: kożuch
* (obsolete) stag beetle (Lucanus cervus)
    Synonym: jelonek rogacz
* (obsolete) wagon hub, nave (the central part of a wheel of a wagon)
* (obsolete) type of game
* (obsolete) long roll of straw; large saddle of straw on a roof
* (obsolete) large place (tool for smoothing wood by removing thin layers from the surface moved by two people)
* (Middle Polish) ram meat
    Synonym: baranina
* (Middle Polish) large sea fish
* (Middle Polish) type of corporal punishment device
* (Middle Polish) churn (device for making butter)
    Synonym: maselnica
* (Middle Polish) lamb (virtuous person)
* (Middle Polish) lamb (follower of Christ)
* (Middle Polish) lift (device for raising heavy objects)
* (Middle Polish) crank stock; oil press

#### Declension
### Noun

baran m pers
* (colloquial, derogatory) bonehead (idiot)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:głupiec

#### Derived terms

* na barana
* Baran
* baraniarz
* baranica
* baraniec
* baranina
* wróćmy do naszych baranów
* baranieć impf, zbaranieć pf

#### Related terms

* barankowaty
* barankowy
* na barana
* baraneczek
* Baranek Boży
* baraninka
* na Nowy Rok przybywa dnia na barani skok

### Further reading

* baran in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* baran in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “baran”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* Barbara Rykiel-Kempf (05.04.2023) “BARAN”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “baran”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “baran”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “baran”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 96
* baran in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *baranъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bǎran/
* Hyphenation: ba‧ran

### Noun

bàran m (Cyrillic spelling ба̀ран)
* (regional) ram
    Synonym: óvan

#### Declension
### References

* “baran”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovak
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *baranъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbaran]

### Noun

baran m animal (relational adjective baraní, diminutive baránok or baranček, augmentative baranisko)
* ram (male sheep)

#### Derived terms

* baranina

### Further reading

* “baran”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Slovincian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.ran/
* Rhymes: -aran
* Syllabification: ba‧ran

### Noun

baran m animal
* Alternative form of barón

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “bãrăn”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 15

## Tausug
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay badan, from Arabic بَدَن (badan). Compare Maranao badan and Sangir badang.

### Pronunciation

* (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA: /baɾan/ [baˈɾan̪]
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: ba‧ran

### Noun

baran (Sulat Sūg spelling بَرَنْ)
* body (of a person; animal or the main part of something, such as the hull of a ship, stove, etc., the frame of a vehicle, the body of a letter, etc.)
    Synonyms: jasad, anggawta'
    Malagguꞌ in baran sin babai yaun.That woman’s body is big.

#### Derived terms

* baran-baran
* baranun
* magbaran
* nagbabaran

### Further reading

* Webonary

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish باران (baran), from Classical Persian باران (bārān).

### Noun

baran
* (obsolete) rain

#### Synonyms

* yağmur