# orchestra
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin orchēstra, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ὀρχήστρα (orkhḗstra) (a derivative of ὀρχέομαι (orkhéomai, “to dance”)).

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈɔɹkəstɹə/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɔːkəstɹə/
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: or‧ches‧tra

### Noun

orchestra (plural orchestras or (rare) orchestrae)
* (music) A large group of musicians who play together on various instruments, usually including some from strings, woodwind, brass and/or percussion; the instruments played by such a group.
    The orchestra plays music for the dancers to dance to in the 19th century-styled dance hall.
** 1941 February, Voyageur, “The Railways of Greece”, in Railway Magazine, page 67:It requires quite an orchestra to get a train to start; the guard blows his horn, the stationmaster rings a large bell, and the engine whistles.
** 2015, Aaron Sorkin, Walter Isaacson, Steve Jobs, spoken by Steve Jobs (Michael Fassbender):Musicians play their instruments. I play the orchestra.
* A semicircular space in front of the stage used by the chorus in Ancient Greek and Hellenistic theatres.
* The area in a theatre or concert hall where the musicians sit, immediately in front of and below the stage, sometimes (also) used by other performers.

#### Derived terms

* monkey orchestra
* orchestra hit
* orchestral
* orchestra-pit
* orchestra pit
* orchestra stall
* orchestra stalls
* orchestrate, orchestration
* (orchestra types) chamber orchestra, orchestra in residence, philharmonic orchestra, string orchestra, symphony orchestra
* orchestrina
* orchestrion
* palm court orchestra
* pops orchestra
* steel pan orchestra

#### Descendants

* → Albanian: orkestër
* → Arabic: أوركسترا (ʔorkestrā)
* → Japanese: オーケストラ (ōkesutora)
* → Korean: 오케스트라 (okeseuteura)
* → Thai: ออร์เคสตรา (ɔɔ-kées-dtrâa)

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Anagrams

* carthorse, horsecart, rheocrats

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔʁ.kɛs.tʁa/

### Verb

orchestra
* third-person singular past historic of orchestrer

### Anagrams

* torcheras

## Italian
### Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek ὀρχήστρα (orkhḗstra).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /orˈkɛ.stra/
* Rhymes: -ɛstra
* Hyphenation: or‧chè‧stra

#### Noun

orchestra f (plural orchestre)
* orchestra
* band
* orchestra pit

##### Derived terms

* orchestrale
* orchestrare

##### Descendants

* → Turkish: orkestra

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

orchestra
* inflection of orchestrare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* orchestra in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀρχήστρα (orkhḗstra).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /orˈkʰeːs.tra/, [ɔrˈkʰeːs̠t̪rä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /orˈkes.tra/, [orˈkɛst̪rä]

### Noun

orchēstra f (genitive orchēstrae); first declension
* orchestra (area in front of a stage)

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: orquestra
* → English: orchestra (see there for further descendants)
* → Finnish: orkestra
* → French: orchestre (see there for further descendants)
* → Galician: orquestra
* → Indonesian: orkestra
* → Italian: orchestra
** → Turkish: orkestra
* → Latvian: orķestris
* → Malay: orkestra
* → Maltese: orkestra
* → Norman: orchestre
* → Piedmontese: orchestra
* → Polish: orkiestra
* → Portuguese: orquestra
* → Romanian: orchestră
* → Spanish: orquesta

### References

* “orchestra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “orchestra”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* orchestra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “orchestra”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
* “orchestra”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “orchestra”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Piedmontese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /urˈkestra/

### Noun

orchestra f (plural orchestre)
* orchestra

## Romanian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French orchestrer.

#### Verb

a orchestra (third-person singular present orchestrează, past participle orchestrat) 1st conjugation
* to orchestrate

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

orchestra f
* definite nominative/accusative singular of orchestră