# 黽

| 黽 | U+9EFD, &#40701; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9EFD |
| ← 黼 [U+9EFC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 黾 → [U+9EFE] |
| ⿌ | U+2FCC, &#12236; KANGXI RADICAL FROG |
| ← ⿋ [U+2FCB] | Kangxi Radicals | ⿍ → [U+2FCD] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 黽 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | ⿻日电 |
| Simplified | 黾 |

### Han character

黽 (Kangxi radical 205, 黽+0, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口難山 (RXU), four-corner 7771$_7$, composition ⿹⿷⿻冂⿰一⿺乚⺊彐𰀄)
* Kangxi radical #205, ⿌.

#### Derived characters

* Appendix:Chinese radical/黽
* 僶, 𡢘, 𡽑, 憴, 澠, 𣋋, 𣎜, 𭬌, 𥜐, 𥀨, 𥋝, 繩, 蠅, 譝, 𨭘, 鱦, 䵴, 鄳, 𥀩, 𧕵, 𫁘, 𦌡, 竈

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1523, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48257
* Dae Jaweon: page 2058, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4768, character 1
* Unihan data for U+9EFD

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 黽 :
| Shang | Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 澠 | *mlenʔ, *mliŋʔ, *ɦbljɯŋ |
| 黽 | *mlenʔ, *mliŋʔ, *mreːŋʔ |
| 僶 | *mliŋʔ |
| 繩 | *ɦbljɯŋ |
| 譝 | *ɦbljɯŋ |
| 憴 | *ɦbljɯŋ |
| 鱦 | *ɦbljɯŋ, *ɦbljɯŋ, *b·lɯŋs, *mraːŋʔ |
| 蠅 | *b·lɯŋ |
| 鄳 | *mraːŋ, *mraːŋʔ |
| 鼆 | *mreːŋʔ |
Pictogram (象形) - a frog with a small tail. The meaning "to endeavor" is a phonetic loan.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): měng (meng$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): maang$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: měng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: měng
*** Wade–Giles: mêng$^3$
*** Yale: měng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meeng
*** Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɤŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maang$^5$
*** Yale: máahng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maang$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mang$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /maːŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: meangX
Rime :
| Character | 黽 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 耕 (117) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 武幸切 |
| Baxter | meangX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mˠɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mᵚæŋ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mɐŋ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /məɨjŋ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /mɛŋ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /mæŋ$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mæŋ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | měng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mang$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤrəŋʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mreːŋʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 黽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | měng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ meang$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*mˁrəŋʔ/ |
| English | toad |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 黽 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| No. | 9176 |
| Phonetic component | 黽 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 䁅 |
| Old Chinese | /*mreːŋʔ/ |

#### Definitions

黽
* a kind of frog

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mǐn (min$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): man$^5$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bín
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
*** Wade–Giles: min$^3$
*** Yale: mǐn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
*** Palladius: минь (minʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /min²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: man$^5$
*** Yale: máhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: man$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: men$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɐn¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bín
*** Tâi-lô: bín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bien
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bin⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bin⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /bin⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: mjinX
Rime :
| Character | 黽 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 武盡切 |
| Baxter | mjinX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /miɪn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /min$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mjen$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /min$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /miĕn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /mĭĕn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mi̯ĕn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mǐn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | man$^5$ |

#### Definitions

黽
* (literary, alt. form 僶／𠊟) to endeavor; to strive for

#### Compounds

* 水黽 / 水黾 (shuǐmǐn)
* 黽勉 / 黾勉 (mǐnmiǎn)

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): miǎn (mian$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): man$^5$ / min$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: miǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: miǎn
*** Wade–Giles: mien$^3$
*** Yale: myǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mean
*** Palladius: мянь (mjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /mi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: man$^5$ / min$^5$
*** Yale: máhn / míhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: man$^5$ / min$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: men$^5$ / min$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɐn¹³/, /miːn¹³/
* Middle Chinese: mjienX, mjinX
Rime :
| Character | 黽 | 黽 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 彌兖切 | 武盡切 |
| Baxter | mjienX | mjinX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /miᴇn$^X$/ | /miɪn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /miɛn$^X$/ | /min$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mjæn$^X$/ | /mjen$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mian$^X$/ | /min$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /miɛn$^X$/ | /miĕn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /mĭɛn$^X$/ | /mĭĕn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mi̯ɛn$^X$/ | /mi̯ĕn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | miǎn | mǐn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | min$^5$ | man$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*mlenʔ/, /*mliŋʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 黽 | 黽 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 |
| No. | 9161 | 9162 |
| Phonetic component | 黽 | 黽 |
| Rime group | 元 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 緬 | 泯 |
| Old Chinese | /*mlenʔ/ | /*mliŋʔ/ |
| Notes | 黽池 | 黽池 |

#### Definitions

黽
* (alt. form 澠／渑) Only used in 黾池 (“an ancient place name”).

### Pronunciation 4

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): méng (meng$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: méng
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: méng
*** Wade–Giles: mêng$^2$
*** Yale: méng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meng
*** Palladius: мэн (mɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /mɤŋ³⁵/

#### Definitions

黽
* Only used in 黽塞／黾塞 and 黽隘／黾隘.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | ⿻日电 |
| Kyūjitai | 黽 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form ⿻日电)
* green frog

#### Readings

* Go-on: みょう (myō)、みん (min)、めん (men)
* Kan-on: びん (bin)、べん (ben)、もう (mō)
* Kan’yō-on: ぼう (bō)
* Kun: あおがえる (aogaeru, 黽)、つとめる (tsutomeru, 黽める)

## Korean
### Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 黽 (MC meangX). Recorded as Middle Korean 며ᇰ〯 (myěng) (Yale: myěng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [mɛŋ] ~ [me̞ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [맹/멩]

#### Hanja

Wikisource 黽 (eumhun 맹꽁이 맹 (maengkkong'i maeng))
* hanja form of 맹 (“a kind of frog”)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 黽 (MC mjinX). Recorded as Middle Korean 민〯 (Yale: mǐn) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [min]
* Phonetic hangul: [민]

#### Hanja

黽 (eumhun 힘쓸 민 (himsseul min))
* hanja form of 민 (“used in personal names”)
* (literary) hanja form of 민 (“to endeavor; to strive for”)

#### Compounds

* 민면 (黽勉, minmyeon)
* 수민 (水黽, sumin)
* 수민과 (水黽科, sumin'gwa)

### Etymology 3

From Middle Chinese 黽 (MC mjienX). Recorded as Middle Korean 면〯 (Yale: myěn) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [mjʌ̹n]
* Phonetic hangul: [면]

#### Hanja

黽 (eumhun 고을 이름 면 (go'eul ireum myeon))
* (historical) hanja form of 면 (“an ancient placename”)

#### Compounds

* 면지 (黽池, myeonji)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
* Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 17.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

黽: Hán Nôm readings: mãnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.