# 摩

| 摩 | U+6469, &#25705; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6469 |
| ← 摨 [U+6468] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 摪 → [U+646A] |
| 摩 | U+2F8C3, &#194755; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8C3 |
| ← 㨮 [U+2F8C2] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 摾 → [U+2F8C4] |

## Translingual
### Han character

摩 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 戈金手 (ICQ) or 戈木手 (IDQ), four-corner 0025$_2$, composition ⿸麻手)

#### Derived characters

* 𠘚, 嚤, 𡾉, 𢣾, 擵, 𥗂, 𦇑, 𨣴, 𩉑, 𠠒, 𭢽, 𫾝, 𭣒, 藦

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 450, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12613
* Dae Jaweon: page 801, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1940, character 7
* Unihan data for U+6469
* Unihan data for U+2F8C3

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 麻 | *mraːl |
| 痲 | *mraːl |
| 犘 | *mraːl |
| 縻 | *mral |
| 醿 | *mral |
| 爢 | *mral |
| 蘼 | *mral, *mralʔ, *mrɯl |
| 靡 | *mralʔ |
| 摩 | *maːl, *maːls |
| 魔 | *maːl |
| 磨 | *maːl, *maːls |
| 劘 | *maːl |
| 麽 | *maːl |
| 麼 | *maːlʔ |
| 塺 | *maːls, *mɯːl |
| 麾 | *hmral |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *maːl, *maːls) : phonetic 麻 (OC *mraːl) + semantic 手 (“hand”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mó, mā (mo$^2$, ma$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ, ㄇㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mo$^1$ / mo$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mô
* Eastern Min (BUC): mò̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): mô͘ / mō͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): mo$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$mu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mó
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mó
*** Wade–Giles: mo$^2$
*** Yale: mwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mo
*** Palladius: мо (mo)
*** Sinological IPA : /mu̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mā
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ma
*** Wade–Giles: ma$^1$
*** Yale: mā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mha
*** Palladius: ма (ma)
*** Sinological IPA : /mä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mo$^1$ / mo$^4$
*** Yale: mō / mòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mo$^1$ / mo$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mo$^1$ / mo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɔː⁵⁵/, /mɔː²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mô
*** Hakka Romanization System: mo$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /mo²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: mò̤
*** Sinological IPA : /mo⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mô͘
*** Tâi-lô: môo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: moo
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /mɔ̃¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /mɔ̃²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃²³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mō͘
*** Tâi-lô: mōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: mo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /mɔ̃²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: mo$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mô
*** Sinological IPA : /mo⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$mu
*** MiniDict: mu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$mu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mu²³/
* Middle Chinese: ma, maH
Rime :
| Character | 摩 | 摩 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 莫婆切 | 摸卧切 |
| Baxter | ma | maH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /muɑ/ | /muɑ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /muɑ/ | /muɑ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /muɑ/ | /muɑ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mwa/ | /mwa$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /muɑ/ | /muɑ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /muɑ/ | /muɑ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /muɑ/ | /muɑ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mó | mò |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mo$^4$ | mo$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*maːl/, /*maːls/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 摩 | 摩 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 8704 | 8711 |
| Phonetic component | 麻 | 麻 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 摩 | |
| Old Chinese | /*maːl/ | /*maːls/ |

### Definitions

摩
* to rub; to scour; to grind
* to stroke; to brush
* to approach; to touch; to draw near
* to study; to investigate; to research
* (chemistry) Short for 摩爾／摩尔 (mó'ěr, “mole”).

### Compounds

* 三摩地 (sānmódì)
* 作摩 (zuòmó)
* 刮摩
* 厲世摩鈍 / 厉世摩钝
* 夾被摩痛 / 夹被摩痛
* 巴勒摩
* 巴爾的摩 / 巴尔的摩 (Bā'ěrdìmó)
* 式叉摩那 (shìchàmónà)
* 心臟按摩 / 心脏按摩
* 愛斯基摩 / 爱斯基摩 (Àisījīmó)
* 按摩
* 按摩器
* 按摩師 / 按摩师 (ànmóshī)
* 按摩椅 (ànmóyǐ)
* 拿摩溫 / 拿摩温 (námówēn)
* 按摩襪 / 按摩袜
* 接踵摩肩 (mójiānjiēzhǒng)
* 揣摩 (chuǎimó)
* 描摩
* 提摩太書 / 提摩太书
* 摩侯羅 / 摩侯罗 (móhóuluó)
* 摩厲以須 / 摩厉以须
* 摩合羅 / 摩合罗
* 摩喉羅 / 摩喉罗
* 摩天 (mótiān)
* 摩天大樓 / 摩天大楼 (mótiān dàlóu)
* 摩天嶺 / 摩天岭
* 摩天樓 / 摩天楼 (mótiānlóu)
* 摩天輪 / 摩天轮 (mótiānlún)
* 摩姑 (mógu)
* 摩娑
* 摩孩羅 / 摩孩罗
* 摩尼教 (Móníjiào)
* 摩崖 (móyá)
* 摩崖石刻
* 摩平
* 摩弄
* 摩戛
* 摩托
* 摩托自行車 / 摩托自行车 (mótuō zìxíngchē, “moped”)
* 摩托船
* 摩托車 / 摩托车 (“motorcycle, motorbike”)
* 摩拳擦掌 (móquáncāzhǎng)
* 摩挲
* 摩擦 (mócā)
* 摩擦力 (mócālì)
* 摩擦法
* 摩擦電 / 摩擦电
* 摩擦音 (mócāyīn)
* 摩敦
* 摩旗相助
* 摩洛哥 (Móluògē)
* 摩滅 / 摩灭
* 摩爾人 / 摩尔人 (mó'ěrrén)
* 摩爾門經 / 摩尔门经 (Mó'ěrmén Jīng)
* 摩牙
* 摩登 (módēng)
* 摩登女郎
* 摩睺羅 / 摩睺罗
* 摩納哥 / 摩纳哥 (Mónàgē)
* 摩羅精神 / 摩罗精神
* 摩羯座 (Mójiézuò)
* 摩耶
* 摩耶夫人
* 摩肩如雲 / 摩肩如云
* 摩肩接踵 (mójiānjiēzhǒng)
* 摩肩擊轂 / 摩肩击毂
* 摩肩擦踵
* 摩西 (Móxī)
* 摩西律法
* 摩訶 / 摩诃 (móhē)
* 摩訶止觀 / 摩诃止观
* 摩訶羅 / 摩诃罗 (móhēluó)
* 摩訶薩 / 摩诃萨 (móhēsà)
* 摩門教 / 摩门教 (Móménjiào)
* 摩門經 / 摩门经 (Móménjīng)
* 摩陀 (mótuó)
* 摩電燈 / 摩电灯
* 摩頂 / 摩顶 (módǐng)
* 摩頂受戒 / 摩顶受戒
* 摩頂受記 / 摩顶受记
* 摩頂放踵 / 摩顶放踵
* 摩頂至足 / 摩顶至足
* 摩頂至踵 / 摩顶至踵
* 撫摩 / 抚摩 (fǔmó)
* 撫摩鞠育 / 抚摩鞠育
* 擊轂摩肩 / 击毂摩肩
* 擦掌摩拳
* 滾動摩擦 / 滚动摩擦
* 破裂摩擦音 (“affricate”)
* 福爾摩斯 / 福尔摩斯 (Fú'ěrmósī)
* 福爾摩沙 / 福尔摩沙 (Fú'ěrmóshā)
* 維摩經 / 维摩经
* 肩摩
* 肩摩踵接
* 肩摩轂擊 / 肩摩毂击
* 菩提達摩 / 菩提达摩 (Pútídámó)
* 葛摩 (Gěmó)
* 薩摩斯島 / 萨摩斯岛
* 觀摩 / 观摩 (guānmó)
* 觀摩會 / 观摩会
* 轂擊肩摩 / 毂击肩摩
* 達摩 / 达摩 (dámó)
* 達摩衣 / 达摩衣 (dámóyī)
* 閻摩 / 阎摩 (Yánmó)
* 阿摩尼亞 / 阿摩尼亚 (āmóníyà)
* 靜摩擦力 / 静摩擦力
* 高可摩天

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 摩(ま) (ma)
* → Korean: 마(摩) (ma)
* → Vietnamese: ma (摩)

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01658

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 摩 |
| Kyūjitai | 摩󠄁 摩+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 摩󠄃 摩+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* rub; chafe

#### Readings

* Go-on: ま (ma, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ば (ba)
* Kun: さする (sasuru, 摩る)、する (suru, 摩る)、すれる (sureru, 摩れる)、せまる (semaru, 摩る)、なでる (naderu, 摩でる)、みがく (migaku, 摩く)
* Nanori: きよ (kiyo)、なず (nazu)

#### Compounds

* 研(けん)摩(ま) (kenma)
* 摩(ま)滅(めつ) (mametsu)

### References

* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 979 (paper), page 539 (digital)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 摩 (MC ma|maH).

### Hanja

Wikisource 摩 (eumhun 갈 마 (gal ma))
* hanja form of 마 (“rub; chafe”)

#### Compounds

* 마니 (摩尼, mani)
* 마찰 (摩擦, machal)
* 마천 (摩天, macheon)
* 안마 (按摩, anma)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Tày
### Noun

摩 (mừ)
* Nôm form of mừ (“hand”).

## Vietnamese
### Han character

摩: Hán Nôm readings: ma
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.