OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 전나무
## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin. From 전 (jeon, “fir”) +‎ 나무 (namu, “tree, wood”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕʌ̹nna̠mu]
* Phonetic hangul: [전나무]

### Noun

전나무 • (jeonnamu)
* fir, firtree, (especially) the Manchurian fir (Abies firma)
    전나무는 솔방울이 분해되면서 씨앗을 퍼뜨린다.Jeonnamu-neun solbang'ur-i bunhaedoemyeonseo ssias-eul peotteurinda.Fir trees disperse seeds as their cones disintegrate.

#### Derived terms

* 전나무열매 (jeonnamuyeolmae, “fir cone”)
* 전나무재목(材木) (jeonnamujaemok, “fir wood”)
# łabuzia
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Masovia):
** (Near Masovian) IPA: /waˈbu.ʑa/

### Noun

łabuzia f
* (Near Masovian) Alternative form of łabuzie (“cattail”) (any plant of the genus Typha)

### Further reading

* Władysław Matlakowski (1892) “łabuzia”, in Słownik wyrazów ludowych zebranych w Czerskiem i na Kujawach (in Polish), Kraków: nakł. Akademii Umiejętności; Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego pod zarządem A. M. Kosterkiewicza, page 10
# Rederer
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrɛdɛrɛr]

### Proper noun

Rederer m anim (female equivalent Redererová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Rederer”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# 강원도
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 江原道, from 江 (“short for Gangneung city”) + 原 (“short for Wonju city”) + 道 (“province”), after the two major settlements in the province when the name was given in 1395.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠ŋwʌ̹ndo̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [강원도]

### Proper noun

강원도 • (Gang'wondo) (hanja 江原道)
* Gangwon, Kangwŏn (a province of Korea)
    Holonym: 팔도(八道) (Paldo)
** Gangwon (a province of South Korea)
** Kangwon (a province of North Korea)

#### Derived terms

* 강원 방언(江原方言) (Gang'won bang'eon, “Gangwon dialect”)
* 강원도 포수(江原捕手) (Gang'wondo posu, “Gangwon poacher”)

### See also

Provinces of the Korean Peninsula:
* 경기도 (gyeonggido)
* 경상도 (gyeongsangdo)
* 전라도 (jeollado)
* 제주도 (jejudo)
* 충청도 (chungcheongdo)
* 평안도 (pyeong'ando)
* 함경도 (hamgyeongdo)
* 황해도 (hwanghaedo)
# kuisen
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -œy̯sən

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch cuuschen, from cuusch (modern kuis).

#### Verb

kuisen
* (transitive, figuratively) to clean up, render (more) presentable, possibly (auto-)censure
* (intransitive) to become clean
* (chiefly Belgium, colloquial, transitive, literally) to clean, cleanse

##### Synonyms

* poetsen, schoonmaken, reinigen
* (figurative) fatsoeneren, opschonen

##### Derived terms

* afkuisen
* gekuisd
* kuisborstel
* kuisdeur
* kuiselijk
* kuiseling
* kuiser
* kuising
* kuissel
* kuisspaan
* kuisvrouw
* nakuisen
* opkuisen
* uitkuisen
* wegkuisen

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

kuisen
* plural of kuis
* plural of kuise

### See also

* kuizen
# bean dip
## English
### Noun

bean dip (countable and uncountable, plural bean dips)
* (cooking) A type of dipping sauce prepared using beans or refried beans.
# mejor
## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin melior, meliōrem (whence English ameliorate), from Proto-Indo-European *mélyōs, from *mel- (“strong, big”). Cognate with Portuguese melhor, Galician mellor, Catalan millor, French meilleur, Italian migliore.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /meˈxoɾ/ [meˈxoɾ]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -oɾ
* Syllabification: me‧jor

### Adjective

mejor m or f (masculine and feminine plural mejores)
* better
* better off
* improved
* (definite) best
* (definite) top, highest, finest (e.g. highest quality, highest bidder, top of one's class, in top form, finest food and wine, finest hotel, etc.)

#### Usage notes

* If trying to say "any better" in Spanish, "any" would go untranslated. So if you wanted to say "It couldn't be any better", you'd say "No podría ser mejor."

#### Antonyms

* peor

### Adverb

mejor
* better
    Antonym: peor

#### Derived terms

* a lo mejor
* cuantos más, mejor
* mejor apuesta (“best bet”)
* mejor de lo mejor (“best of the best”)
* mejor manera (“best way”), mejor forma
* mejor postor
* mejor postora
* mejor que mejor
* mejora
* mejorar
* mejoría
* pasar a mejor vida
* por mejor decir
* sacar lo mejor de
* tanto mejor
* tanto que mejor

#### Related terms

* bien (adverb)
* bueno (adjective)

### Further reading

* “mejor”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# bahaoa
## Chibcha
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbaʔwaː/

### Noun

bahaoa
* cloud
* haze, fog

### References

* Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.
* Quesada Pacheco, Miguel Ángel. 1991. El vocabulario mosco de 1612. En estudios de Lingüística Chibcha. Programa de investigación del departamento de lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Serie Anual Tomo X San José (Costa Rica). Universidad de Costa Rica.
# Greek Orthodox Church
## English
### Proper noun

the Greek Orthodox Church
* A group of Eastern Orthodox churches comprising the churches of Constantinople, Alexandria, Jerusalem, Cyprus and Greece.
# Klofáč
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈklofaːt͡ʃ]

### Proper noun

Klofáč m anim (female equivalent Klofáčová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Klofáč”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# φέρι μποτ
## Greek
### Alternative forms

* φέρι-μποτ n (féri-bot)
* φεριμπότ n (ferimpót)
* φέριμποτ n (férimpot)
* φέρρυ μπωτ n (férry bot)
* φέρρυ-μπωτ n (férry-bot)
* φέρυ μποτ n (féry bot)
* φέρυ-μποτ n (féry-bot)
* φέρυμποτ n (férympot)
* φερυμπότ n (ferympót)

### Etymology

From English ferryboat, from ferry +‎ boat.

### Noun

φέρι μποτ • (féri bot) n (indeclinable)
* (nautical) ferry, ferryboat
    Synonyms: φέρι (féri), πορθμείο (porthmeío)

#### Coordinate terms

* see: πλοίο n (ploío, “large ship”) for other types of vessel

#### Further reading

* Πορθμείο on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
# niezen
## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* niesen (rare), fniezen (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈni.zə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: nie‧zen
* Rhymes: -izən

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch niesen, from Old Dutch *niesan, from Proto-West Germanic *hneusan, from Proto-Germanic *hneusaną.
Because of the onomatopoeic character of the word, variant forms with different initial consonants also exist(ed), such as fniezen (from Proto-Germanic *fneusaną) and English sneeze.

#### Verb

niezen
* (intransitive) to sneeze, exhale explosively

##### Derived terms

* genies
* nies
* niesbui
* niesgas
* nieskracht
* nieskramp
* nieskruid
* niesmiddel
* niespoeder, niespoeier
* nieswortel
* niesziekte
* niezenproever
* niezer

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: nies
* Negerhollands: nies
* → Papiamentu: nister, niester

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

niezen
* plural of nies
# Hes
## English
### Proper noun

Hes
* plural of He

## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) First attested in 1394.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦɛs]

### Proper noun

Hes m anim (female equivalent Hesová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Hes”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# 분기
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [punɡi]
* Phonetic hangul: [분기]

### Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 分期, from 分 (“divide”) + 期 (“period of time, stage”).

#### Noun

분기 • (bun'gi) (hanja 分期)
* (time) quarter (three-month period)

### Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 分岐, from 分 (“divide”) + 岐 (“forked road, divide”). See also Japanese 分岐(ぶんき) (bunki).

#### Noun

분기 • (bun'gi) (hanja 分岐)
* bifurcation, division, divarication
* (biology, ornithology, anatomy) ramus

##### Derived terms

* 분기(分岐)되다 (bun'gidoeda, “to bifurcate”)
* 분기(分岐)하다 (bun'gihada, “to diverge”)
* 분기기(分岐器) (bun'gigi, “turnout, branching-off, closure rail”)

### Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 分枝, from 分 (“divide”) + 枝 (“branch”). See also Japanese 分枝(ぶんし) (bunshi).

#### Noun

분기 • (bun'gi) (hanja 分枝)
* (computing) branch, branching

### Etymology 4

Sino-Korean word from 噴氣 (“jet”).

#### Noun

분기 • (bun'gi) (hanja 噴氣)
* (mechanics) jet, valve

##### Derived terms

* 분기공(噴氣孔) (bun'gigong, “fumarole”)
# uzdeczka
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* ûzdecka (Near Masovian)

### Etymology

From uzda +‎ -eczka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uzˈdɛt͡ʂ.ka/
* Rhymes: -ɛt͡ʂka
* Syllabification: uz‧decz‧ka

### Noun

uzdeczka f
* diminutive of uzda
* habenula

#### Declension
### Further reading

* uzdeczka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# remíz
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrɛmiːs]

### Noun

remíz m inan
* grove

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “remíz”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “remíz”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “remíz”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025
# seixo
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* xeixo

### Etymology

From Latin saxum (“rock”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“cut”). Cognate with Portuguese seixo (“pebble”) and Italian sasso (“stone”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈs̺ejʃʊ]

### Noun

seixo m (plural seixos)
* pebble
    Synonyms: callao, croio
* quartz
    Synonym: cuarzo

#### Derived terms

* Camposeixo
* Penaseixo
* Porto Seixo
* seixada
* Seixadas
* Seixal
* Seixalbo
* Seixas
* Seixeda
* Seixidal
* Seixido
* Seixiño
* Seixo
* Seixo Branco
* Seixoso

### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “seyx”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “seixo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “seixo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “seixo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* seyxo (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Latin saxum (“a stone”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“cut”). Compare Galician seixo (“stone”) and Italian sasso (“stone”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈse(j).ʃu/ [ˈse(ɪ̯).ʃu]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈse(j).ʃu/ [ˈse(ɪ̯).ʃu]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈse(j).ʃo/ [ˈse(ɪ̯).ʃo]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈsɐj.ʃu/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈsɐj.ʃu/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈsej.ʃu/
** (Central Portugal) IPA: /ˈsej.ʃu/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ˈse.ʃu/
* Hyphenation: sei‧xo
* Homophone: Seixo

### Noun

seixo m (plural seixos)
* pebble (small stone)
    Synonyms: calhau, cascalho, pedregulho, pedrinha
* (geology, Wentworth scale) pebble (particle from 4 to 64 mm in diameter)

#### Coordinate terms

* (pebble in the Wentworth scale): argila, silte, areia, grânulo, bloco/calhau, matacão

#### Derived terms

* seixo rolado

#### Related terms

* seixa
* seixada
* seixal
* seixeira
* seixoso

### Further reading

* seixo on the Portuguese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{pt}$
# alt tarafı
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish آلت طرف (alt taraf, “the place or part lower down; the sequel of a thing, continuation”), from آلت (alt) and طرف (taraf), equivalent to alt (“lower, below, bottom”) +‎ taraf (“side, face”) +‎ -ı (possessive suffix), literally “the lower or bottom side”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaɫt.ta.ɾa.fɯ/
* Hyphenation: alt‧ta‧ra‧fı

### Adverb

alt tarafı
* (figuratively) Used to represent a person, thing, event, situation etc. as lesser than what they seem or what they are; just, only
    Synonyms: olup olacağı, alt yanı, altı üstü
    Alt tarafı bir çiçek koklayıp, bir hayvan sahiplenip, birkaç insan tanıyıp, sevip gidecektik bu dünyadan. Nasıl kötü bir zamana denk geldi ömrümüz? ― We were just going to smell a flower, adopt an animal, meet a few people, love and leave this world. How did our lives coincide with such a terrible time period?
** 2020 February 8, Dayakçı kızlar yine serbest kaldı! Babadan ‘pes’ dedirten savunma‎, İstanbul: CNN Türk:Dayakçı kızlardan birinin babası ise olayı, "Çoluk çocuk kavgası, çocuklar arasında problem. Alt tarafı bir iki kere kavga etmişler” diyerek savundu.One of the attacker girls' father defended the incident saying "It's a kid's fight, a problem between the kids. They just fought a couple times."

#### Related terms

* alt alta
* alttan alta
* altüst
* ayakaltı
* el altından
* gözaltı
* hasıraltı
* kahvaltı
* yeraltı

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “آلت طرفی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1237
* ↑ Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901) “آلت طَرف”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 881
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “alt”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “taraf”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “alt tarafı”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “alt tarafı”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 222
# ponerse al día
## Spanish

Etymology
Calque of French mise à jour.

### Verb

ponerse al día (first-person singular present me pongo al día, first-person singular preterite me puse al día, past participle puesto al día)
* (idiomatic) to catch up
# androgyne
## English
### Etymology

From French androgyne, from Latin androgynus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈæn.dɹə.d͡ʒaɪn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

androgyne (plural androgynes)
* A person who is androgynous. [from mid-16th c.]
** 1969, Kurt Vonnegut, Slaughterhouse-Five:Billy looked up at the face that went with the clogs. It was the face of a blond angel, of a fifteen-year-old boy. The boy was as beautiful as Eve. Billy was helped to his feet by the lovely boy, by the heavenly androgyne.
** 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 33:The yogi is in this way the androgyne of prehistory reachieved.
* An androgynous plant.

#### Derived terms

* androgynism
* androgynist
* androgynize, androgynise

#### Translations
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑ̃.dʁɔ.ʒin/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

androgyne (plural androgynes)
* androgynous

### Noun

androgyne m or f by sense (plural androgynes)
* androgyne, androgynous person
* androgyne, androgynous plant

### Related terms

* androgynéité
* androgynie
* androgynique

### Further reading

* “androgyne”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

androgyne
* inflection of androgyn:
** strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
** strong nominative/accusative plural
** weak nominative all-gender singular
** weak accusative feminine/neuter singular

## Latin
### Noun

androgyne
* vocative singular of androgynus

### References

* “androgyne”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
# 젖가슴
## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin. From 젖 (jeot, “milk”) +‎ 가슴 (gaseum, “chest, breast, bosom, heart”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕʌ̹t̚k͈a̠sʰɯm]
* Phonetic hangul: [젇까슴]

### Noun

젖가슴 • (jeotgaseum)
* breasts, bosoms, chest, bust
    불룩한 젖가슴 ― bullukhan jeotgaseum ― a large chest
    여인의 젖가슴 ― yeoin-ui jeotgaseum ― a woman's breasts
    젖가슴 아래 둘레 ― jeotgaseum arae dulle ― underbust girth
    젖가슴이 풍만하다 ― jeotgaseum-i pungmanhada ― an ample bosom

#### See also

* 가슴 (gaseum, “breast, chest”)
* 유방(乳房) (yubang, “breast, udder”)
* 젖 (jeot, “breast, milk, breastmilk”)
* 흉부(胸部) (hyungbu, “chest, thorax”)
# Helotium
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Helotium
* A taxonomic genus within the family Helotiaceae – certain fungi.
# Švehla
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃvɛɦla]

### Proper noun

Švehla m anim (female equivalent Švehlová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Švehla”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# walking toad
## English
### Noun

walking toad (plural walking toads)
* The natterjack.
# toestemmen
## Dutch
### Etymology

Compound of toe (“to(wards)”) +‎ stemmen (“to speak”), perfectly parallel to the cognate German equivalent zustimmen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtuˌstɛ.mə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: toe‧stem‧men

### Verb

toestemmen
* (intransitive) to consent, agree
* (unusual, transitive) to award
* (unusual, transitive) to allow
* (obsolete, transitive) to admit, acknowledge

#### Synonyms

* (consent): instemmen
* (award): toekennen
* (allow): toelaten
* (admit): erkennen

#### Derived terms

* toestem
* toestemmend (adjective)
* toestemmer m
* toestemmig
* toestemming

#### Related terms

* afstemmen
* tegenstemmen
* toezien

#### Descendants

* Negerhollands: stem toe

### Anagrams

* stemmen toe
# hrada
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxrɑ.dɑ/, [ˈr̥ɑ.dɑ]

### Verb

hrada
* singular imperative of hradian

## Slovak
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gręda, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *grindā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦrada]

### Noun

hrada f (relational adjective hradový, diminutive hriadka)
* beam, rafter, girder
* (horticulture) bed

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “hrada”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# heckling
## English
### Verb

heckling
* present participle and gerund of heckle

### Noun

heckling (plural hecklings)
* The act of one who heckles.
** 2008, Ruth Wodak, Veronika Koller, Handbook of Communication in the Public Sphere, page 256:Speeches during parliamentary debates, however, belong to linguistic action patterns in which interruptions and hecklings (Burkhardt 2004) are generally conventionalised and accepted as facultative reactions […]
* The preparation of flax for spinning using special combs called hackles.
# 흉부
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 胸部 (“chest, thorax”). See also Japanese 胸部(きょうぶ) (kyōbu, “chest, thorax”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [çuŋbu]
* Phonetic hangul: [흉부]

### Noun

흉부 • (hyungbu) (hanja 胸部)
* thorax, chest
    그는 흉부 엑스선 검진을 받아야 했다.Geu-neun hyungbu ekseuseon geomjin-eul badaya haetda.He had to have his chest X-rayed.

#### Derived terms

* 흉부내시경(胸部內視鏡) (hyungbunaesigyeong, “thoracoscope”)
* 흉부외과(胸部外科) (hyungbuoegwa, “cardiothoracic surgery”)
* 흉부질환(胸部疾患) (hyungbujilhwan, “chest troubles”)
# gild the lily
## English
### Etymology

A common misquotation of a line from William Shakespeare's play King John.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡɪld ðə ˈlɪli/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Verb

gild the lily (third-person singular simple present gilds the lily, present participle gilding the lily, simple past and past participle gilded the lily)
* (idiomatic) To embellish or improve something unnecessarily.
    Synonyms: go overboard, overegg, over-egg the pudding
* To add superfluous attributes to something.

#### See also

* gold-plated

### References

* ↑ William Shakespeare (1595) “act IV, scene 2”, in The Life and Death of King John‎:Salisbury: Therefore, to be possess'd with double pomp, To guard a title that was rich before, To gild refined gold, to paint the lily, to throw a perfume on the violet, to smooth the ice, or add another hue unto the rainbow, or with taper-light to seek the beauteous eye of heaven to garnish, is wasteful and ridiculous excess.
# Slomek
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈslomɛk]

### Proper noun

Slomek m anim (female equivalent Slomková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Slomek”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# ἁλουργής
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ἁλουργός (halourgós)
* ἁλουργοῦς (halourgoûs)
* ἁλοργοῦς (halorgoûs) — Ionic

### Etymology

From ἅλς (háls, “sea”) +‎ ἔρδω (érdō, “make”) +‎ -ής (-ḗs, adjective suffix), literally "wrought in or by the sea."

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ha.luːr.ɡɛ̌ːs/ → /a.lurˈʝis/ → /a.lurˈʝis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ha.luːr.ɡɛ̌ːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /(h)a.lurˈɡe̝s/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /a.lurˈʝis/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /a.lurˈʝis/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /a.lurˈʝis/

### Adjective

ἁλουργής • (halourgḗs) m or f (neuter ἁλουργές); third declension
* sea-purple (genuine purple, as opposed to imitation purple)

#### Derived terms

* ἁλούργημα (haloúrgēma)
* ἁλουργία (halourgía)
* ἁλουργίδιον (halourgídion)
* ἁλουργικός (halourgikós)
* ἁλουργίς (halourgís)
* ἁλουργοπώλης (halourgopṓlēs)
* ἁλουργοπωλική (halourgopōlikḗ)

### See also

Colors in Ancient Greek · χρώμᾰτᾰ (khrṓmătă) (layout · text) :
| λευκός (leukós) | γλαυκός (glaukós), κῐλλός (kĭllós), πολῐός (polĭós), φαιός (phaiós), χαροπός (kharopós) | ᾰ̓μαυρός (ămaurós), κελαινός (kelainós), μαυρός (maurós), μέλᾱς (mélās) |
| ἐρῠθρός (erŭthrós); κᾰρῡ́κῐνος (kărū́kĭnos), κόκκῐνος (kókkĭnos), φοινός (phoinós) | πυρρός (purrhós); ὄρφνῐνος (órphnĭnos) | μήλινος (mḗlinos), ξᾰνθός (xănthós); ὠχρός (ōkhrós) |
| πρᾰ́σῐνος (prắsĭnos) | χλωρός (khlōrós) | χλωρός (khlōrós); χλωρομέλᾱς (khlōromélās) |
| κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos); γλαυκός (glaukós), κᾰλάϊνος (kăláïnos) | κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos) | κῠᾰ́νεος (kŭắneos), ὑᾰκῐ́νθῐνος (huăkĭ́nthĭnos) |
| ἰόεις (ióeis), φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (hălourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphŭ́reos), οἶνοψ (oînops) | φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (hălourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphŭ́reos) | ῥόδινος (rhódinos), ῥοδόεις (rhodóeis) |

### Further reading

* “ἁλουργής”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἁλουργής”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ἁλουργής in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἁλουργής in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. crimson idem, page 184.purple idem, page 659.red idem, page 684.scarlet idem, page 738.