# 勃起
## Chinese

* 勃起

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bóqǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ ㄑㄧˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): but$^6$ hei$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bóqǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ ㄑㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bócǐ
*** Wade–Giles: po$^2$-chʻi$^3$
*** Yale: bwó-chǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: borchii
*** Palladius: боци (boci)
*** Sinological IPA : /pu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: but$^6$ hei$^2$
*** Yale: buht héi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: but$^9$ hei$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bud$^6$ héi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /puːt̚² hei̯³⁵/

### Verb

勃起
* (physiology) to have an erection; to be erect
* (now uncommon) to rise vigorously; to spring up

#### Synonyms

* (to have an erection):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 勃起 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 勃起 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 硬 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 硬 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 雄起 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 扯旗, 扯, 起機, 偷柴 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 起磅 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 硬起來 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 硬 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 𫞻起來 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 起陽兒 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 起雞 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 翹 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 起磅 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 拍飛機 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 興陽 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 舉支 |
* (to rise vigorously): 興起／兴起 (xīngqǐ)

#### Derived terms

* 勃起功能障礙 / 勃起功能障碍 (bóqǐ gōngnéng zhàng'ài)
* 勃起障礙 / 勃起障碍 (bóqǐ zhàng'ài)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 勃 | 起 |
| ぼつ > ぼっ Grade: S | き Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぼっき [bòkkí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [bo̞k̚ʲkʲi]

### Noun

勃(ぼっ)起(き) • (bokki)
* erection of the penis
    勃起(ぼっき)が収(おさ)まらない
       bokki ga osamaranai
       erection won't subside

### Verb

勃(ぼっ)起(き)する • (bokki suru) suru (stem 勃(ぼっ)起(き)し (bokki shi), past 勃(ぼっ)起(き)した (bokki shita))
* have an erection

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 勃起し | ぼっきし | bokki shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 勃起し | ぼっきし | bokki shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 勃起する | ぼっきする | bokki suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 勃起する | ぼっきする | bokki suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 勃起すれ | ぼっきすれ | bokki sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 勃起せよ¹ 勃起しろ² | ぼっきせよ¹ ぼっきしろ² | bokki seyo¹ bokki shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 勃起される | ぼっきされる | bokki sareru |
| Causative | 勃起させる 勃起さす | ぼっきさせる ぼっきさす | bokki saseru bokki sasu |
| Potential | 勃起できる | ぼっきできる | bokki dekiru |
| Volitional | 勃起しよう | ぼっきしよう | bokki shiyō |
| Negative | 勃起しない | ぼっきしない | bokki shinai |
| Negative continuative | 勃起せず | ぼっきせず | bokki sezu |
| Formal | 勃起します | ぼっきします | bokki shimasu |
| Perfective | 勃起した | ぼっきした | bokki shita |
| Conjunctive | 勃起して | ぼっきして | bokki shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 勃起すれば | ぼっきすれば | bokki sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Synonyms

* 勃(た)つ (tatsu)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 勃 | 起 |

### Noun

勃起 • (balgi) (hangeul 발기)
* hanja form of 발기 (“erection of the penis”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 勃 | 起 |

### Verb

勃起
* chữ Hán form of bột khởi (“to rise up vigorously; to flare up forcefully; to spring up energetically”).