OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# negritude
## English
### Etymology

From French négritude (coined by Aimé Césaire), from nègre (“Negro”) + -itude.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈnɛɡɹɪtjuːd/

### Noun

negritude (countable and uncountable, plural negritudes)
* The fact of being of black African descent, especially a conscious pride in the values, cultural identity etc. of African heritage; blackness. [from 20th c.]
** 1969 May, Richard A. Long, “Perspective: Negritude”, in Black World/Negro Digest, Johnson Publishing, page 11:Negritude is not wearing turbans and fezzes, though these may be quite alluring.
** 1976, Dorothy S. Blair, African literature in French: a history of creative writing in French from west and equatorial Africa, CUP Archive, →ISBN, page 144:Long before Negritude had become a war-cry among the Black intellectuals of the Left Bank, Caribbean writers had been composing verses in French that were purely derivative, evoking the Parnassian and neo-Romantic influences of the end of the last century.
** 2005, Gaurav Gajanan Desai, Supriya Nair, Postcolonialisms: an anthology of cultural theory and criticism, Rutgers University Press, →ISBN, page 185:In order to explain this morality in action of negritude, I must go back a little.
** 2010, Christopher Hitchens, Hitch-22, Atlantic, published 2011, page 91:Another important thing about “CLR,” as he was known in our little movement, was his disdainful opposition to any Third World fetishism or half-baked negritude.

#### Related terms

* coolitude

#### Translations
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From French négritude. By surface analysis, negro +‎ -itude.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ne.ɡɾiˈtu.d͡ʒi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ne.ɡɾiˈtu.d͡ʒi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ne.ɡɾiˈtu.de/
* (Portugal) IPA: /nɨ.ɡɾiˈtu.dɨ/ [nɨ.ɣɾiˈtu.ðɨ]
* Rhymes: (Brazil) -ud͡ʒi, (Portugal) -udɨ
* Hyphenation: ne‧gri‧tu‧de

### Noun

negritude f (plural negritudes)
* negritude (the characteristic of being of black African descent)
* blackness (the characteristic of being black in colour)

#### Related terms

* negro

### Further reading

* “negritude”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# noncombustible
## English
### Alternative forms

* non-combustible

### Etymology

From non- +‎ combustible.

### Adjective

noncombustible (not comparable)
* That will not readily ignite and burn.

#### Synonyms

* incombustible

#### Antonyms

* combustible, flammable

#### Translations
### Noun

noncombustible (plural noncombustibles)
* (mostly plural) Any substance that is not combustible.
# power nap
## English
### Alternative forms

* powernap

### Etymology

Coined by Cornell University social psychologist James Maas.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

power nap (plural power naps)
* A short sleep taken in the daytime in order to refresh a person and generally terminated before deep sleep begins so as not to leave the sleeper drowsy.

#### Synonyms

* See also Thesaurus:sleep
# sappaccaya
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* sapaccaya

### Alternative scripts

* 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀬 (Brahmi script)
* सप्पच्चय (Devanagari script)
* সপ্পচ্চয (Bengali script)
* සප‍්පච‍්චය (Sinhalese script)
* သပ္ပစ္စယ or သပ္ပၸ္ၸယ or သပ်ပၸ်ၸယ (Burmese script)
* สปฺปจฺจย or สัปปัจจะยะ (Thai script)
* ᩈᨷ᩠ᨷᨧ᩠ᨧᨿ (Tai Tham script)
* ສປ຺ປຈ຺ຈຍ or ສັປປັຈຈະຍະ or ສັປປັຈຈະຢະ (Lao script)
* សប្បច្ចយ (Khmer script)
* 𑄥𑄛𑄴𑄛𑄌𑄴𑄌𑄠 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit सप्रत्यय (sapratyaya).

### Adjective

sappaccaya
* having a cause
** c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎ (overall work in Pali), page 288; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:करस्स सप्पच्चयस्स काहो ॥२४॥24. Karassa sappaccayassa kāho24. Conditionally kāha from kara
# single-use
## English
### Etymology

Bahuvrīhi compound of single +‎ use.

### Adjective

single-use (not comparable)
* Designed or intended to be used one time and then discarded or disposed of.
** 1981 December 4, Overseas Trading, page 757, column 2:Filtrona Plastics, Victoria, has supplied Malaysia with $20 000 worth of single-use plastic ware for hospitals and laboratories.
** 2018 February 20, “Grocery bags and takeout containers aren't enough. It's time to phase out all single-use plastic”, in Los Angeles Times‎:For example, more than 100 cities have adopted restrictions on polystyrene takeout containers, and the state has banned single-use plastic grocery bags.

#### See also

* disposable
* throwaway
# tangbulk
## Woiwurrung
### Noun

tangbulk
* ice

### See also

* tangbilk

### References

* ↑ https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/The_aborigines_of_Victoria_-_with_notes_relating_to_the_habits_of_the_natives_of_other_parts_of_Australia_and_Tasmania_%28IA_b24885228_0002%29.pdf
# vanity plate
## English
### Noun

vanity plate (plural vanity plates)
* (US, Canada) A license plate whose identifier is chosen by the registering owner, usually to suggest a word or phrase.
    Synonym: vanity license plate

#### Related terms

* vanity domain

#### Further reading

* vanity plate on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# zu Hause
## German
### Alternative forms

* zuhause, zuhaus, zu Haus

### Etymology

From Middle High German ze hūse, from Old High German za hūse, zi hūse, equivalent to zu (“to”) + Hause, (old-fashioned) dative of Haus (“house”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡suˈhaʊ̯zə]
* IPA: [t͡suˈhaʊ̯s] (for the alternative forms without e)
* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

zu Hause
* home, at home (stationary)
    Synonym: daheim
    Coordinate term: nach Hause
    Ist deine Mutter zu Hause? ― Is your mother home?
* (figuratively) at home, at ease, comfortable
    sich zu Hause fühlen ― to feel at home

### See also

* heim

### Further reading

* “zu Hause” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# 介詞
## Chinese

* 介詞

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiècí
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄘˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaai$^3$ ci$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gai$^4$ so$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiècí
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄘˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiècíh
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^4$-tzʻŭ$^2$
*** Yale: jyè-tsź
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiehtsyr
*** Palladius: цзецы (czecy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$介詞 / 介词 借詞 / 借词
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaai$^3$ ci$^4$
*** Yale: gaai chìh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaai$^3$ tsi$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gai$^3$ qi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːi̯³³ t͡sʰiː²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gai$^4$ so$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kai⁴² ɬo¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gai$^4$ so$^2$ [Phonetic: gai$^1$ so$^2$]
*** Sinological IPA : /kai⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ɬɵ¹³/

### Noun

介詞
* (grammar) preposition; adposition

#### Synonyms

* 介系詞／介系词 (jièxìcí)

#### Derived terms

* 介詞短語 / 介词短语 (jiècí duǎnyǔ)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 介 | 詞 |
| かい Grade: S | し Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かいし [káꜜìshì] (Atamadaka –)
* (Tokyo) かいし [kàíshí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠iɕi]

### Noun

介(かい)詞(し) • (kaishi)
* (Chinese grammar) preposition

### See also

* 前(ぜん)置(ち)詞(し) (zenchishi, “preposition”, general grammar)
* 後(こう)置(ち)詞(し) (kōchishi, “postposition”)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 介 | 詞 |

### Noun

介詞
* chữ Hán form of giới từ (“preposition”).
# fenigrec pelut
## Catalan
### Etymology

Literally, “hairy fenugreek”.

### Noun

fenigrec pelut m (plural fenigrecs peluts)
* Trigonella gladiata
# 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧
## Prakrit
### Etymology 1

Imitative of baby talk. Compare Proto-Dravidian *appa.

#### Noun

𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa) m (Devanagari अप्प)
* dad, papa

##### Descendants

* Central Indo-Aryan:
** Hindi: आपा (āpā, “elder woman”)
* Southern Indo-Aryan:
** Marathi: आपा (āpā)
* Western Indo-Aryan:
** Gujarati: આપો (āpo)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātman).

#### Noun

𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa) (Devanagari अप्प)
* self
* soul, creature, consciousness
* body
* nature, form

##### Usage notes

Nominative form is 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀸 (appā), remaining forms decline with 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀡- (appaṇa-).

##### Alternative forms

* 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀢 (atta), 𑀆𑀢 (āta), 𑀆𑀤 (āda), 𑀆𑀬 (āya)

##### Derived terms

* 𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀡𑀬 (appaṇaya, “own”)

##### Descendants

* Central Indo-Aryan:
** Hindustani:
*** Hindi: आप (āp, “you”)
*** Urdu: آپ (āp, “you”)
* Eastern Indo-Aryan:
** Bengali–Assamese:
*** Early Assamese: আপন (apono, “own”), আপুনি (apuni, “self”)
**** Assamese: আপোন (apün, “own”), আপুনি (apuni, “you, self”)
*** Old Bengali: অপা (apā, “self”)
**** Bengali: আপন (apon), আপনি (apni, “you”)
**** Rohingya: 𐴀𐴡𐴣𐴕𐴠 (oñne)
**** Sylheti: ꠀꠙ꠆ꠘꠦ (afne)
** Bihari:
*** Maithili: अपनि (apani)
** Odia: ଆପେ (āpē)
* Insular Indo-Aryan:
** Dhivehi: އަހަރެން (aharen̊, “I”)
** Sinhalese: අපි (api, “we”)
* Northern Indo-Aryan:
** Garhwali: अप्णु (apṇu)
** Kumaoni: आप (āp)
** Nepali: आफू (āphū)
* Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
** Punjabi:
*** Gurmukhi script: ਆਪ (āpa, “you”), (dialectal) ਆਪਾਂ (āpā̃)
*** Shahmukhi script: آپ (āp, “you”), (dialectal) آپاں (āpāṉ)
** Sindhi:
*** Khudabadi script: 𑊸𑊼𑋣𑋑 (pāṇa)
*** Devanagari script: पाण (pāṇa)
*** Arabic script: پاڻ (pāṇa)
* Southern Indo-Aryan:
** Konkani: आपण (āpaṇa)
** Marathi: आप (āp), आपण (āpaṇ, “you”)
* Western Indo-Aryan:
** Gujarati: આપું (āpũ), આપણે (āpaṇe)
** Romani: pes (“himself; herself”)

### Etymology 3
#### Adjective

𑀅𑀧𑁆𑀧 (appa) (Devanagari अप्प)
* Alternative form of 𑀅𑀢𑁆𑀢 (atta, “reached”)

### References

* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “appa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ātman”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
* ↑ Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “अप्प”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
# Ciudad Eva Perón
## Spanish
### Etymology

Named after Eva Perón.

### Proper noun

Ciudad Eva Perón f
* Former name of La Plata.

#### Related terms

* Ciudad Evita
# gin-and-It
## English
### Noun

gin-and-It (plural gin-and-Its)
* Alternative spelling of gin and it
** 2001, Ken Follett, Jackdaws, Dutton, →ISBN, page 138:“I’ll have a gin-and-It, Percy, while you’re buying.”

### Anagrams

* nidating
# envenenar
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From en- +‎ veneno (“poison”) +‎ -ar. Compare Latin venenāre. Compare Italian avvelenare, Romanian învenina, Spanish envenenar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ve.neˈna(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ve.neˈna(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ve.neˈna(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ve.neˈna(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ve.neˈna(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ve.neˈna(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ve.neˈna(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ve.neˈna(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ve.neˈna(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ve.neˈna(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ve.neˈna(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.vɨ.nɨˈnaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.vɨ.nɨˈnaɾ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.bɨ.nɨˈnaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ẽ.vɨ.nɨˈna.ɾi/
   * (Portugal, South) IPA: [ẽˈvnːaɾ]
* Hyphenation: en‧ve‧ne‧nar

### Verb

envenenar (first-person singular present enveneno, first-person singular preterite envenenei, past participle envenenado)
* (transitive) to poison
** 1890, Aluísio Azevedo, O Cortiço, Rio de Janeiro: B. L. Garnier:Além disso, como?... Sim, como poderia despachá-la, sem deixar sinais comprometedores do crime?... Envenenando-a?... Dariam logo pela coisa! Matá-la a tiro?... Pior!(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (pronominal) to be poisoned; to take poison
* (figuratively) to spoil; to destroy
* (colloquial) to soup up (a car)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Synonyms

* (to poison): intoxicar
* (to spoil): arruinar

## Spanish
### Etymology

Probably from en- +‎ veneno. Compare Latin venenāre. Compare Italian avvelenare, Portuguese envenenar, Romanian învenina.

### Pronunciation

* (General) IPA: /embeneˈnaɾ/ [ẽm.be.neˈnaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: en‧ve‧ne‧nar

### Verb

envenenar (first-person singular present enveneno, first-person singular preterite envenené, past participle envenenado)
* to poison
    Synonym: emponzoñar
* to interpret maliciously
* to make bitter

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* envenenamiento
* envenenarse
* veneno
* venenoso

### Further reading

* “envenenar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# pohjoisemmas
## Finnish
### Etymology

pohjoisempi +‎ -s (s-lative singular)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpohjoi̯semːɑs/, [ˈpo̞xjo̞i̯ˌs̠e̞mːɑ̝s̠]
* Rhymes: -emːɑs
* Hyphenation: poh‧joi‧sem‧mas

### Adverb

pohjoisemmas
* (to) further north, more to/towards the north
    Synonym: pohjoisemmaksi

#### Inflection

| →○ | lative | pohjoisemmas |
| ○ | locative | pohjoisempana |
| ○→ | separative | pohjoisempaa |

### Further reading

* “pohjoisemmas”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# reading list
## English
### Noun

reading list (plural reading lists)
* (education) A list of books, passages, and/or articles that are required or recommended reading as part of a course of study, project, etc.

#### References

* “reading list”, in Collins English Dictionary.
* “reading list”, in Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, 1999–present.
* “reading list” (US) / “reading list” (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.
# Congo-Brazzavillean
## English
### Etymology

From Congo-Brazzaville +‎ -ean.

### Noun

Congo-Brazzavillean (plural Congo-Brazzavilleans)
* (rare) A person from Congo-Brazzaville or of Congo-Brazzavillean descent.
    Synonym: Congolese

### Adjective

Congo-Brazzavillean (comparative more Congo-Brazzavillean, superlative most Congo-Brazzavillean)
* (rare) Of or pertaining to Congo-Brazzaville
    Synonym: Congolese
** 2015, Diana M. Natermann, Pursuing Whiteness in the Colonies‎, page 52:Regardless of the professional measures taken to map the exact borders, minor disagreements concerning dominion over territories adjoining the CFS with the Portuguese at the Angolan frontier or with the French at the Congo-Brazzavillean borders were unavoidable.
** 2016, “EU-Africa Infrastructure Trust Fund 2016 Annual Report”, in European Investment Bank‎, page 18:The grants help to build the capacity of the promoter and reduce the debt burden of the borrower and thereby contribute to extending the capacity of the port of the Congo-Brazzavillean town by increasing cargo by 45% and doubling its container 2009 Port de Pointe Noire traffic.
** 2023 July 10, Samir Bhattacharya, “Evaluating the African Peace Mission to Ukraine and Russia: What did it Achieve?”, in Vivekananda International Foundation‎:The delegation also included Ugandan and Congo-Brazzavillean representatives.
# Rheinfränkisch
## German
### Etymology

From rheinfränkisch.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʁaɪ̯nˌfʁɛŋkɪʃ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Rhein‧frän‧kisch

### Proper noun

Rheinfränkisch n (proper noun, language name, genitive Rheinfränkisch or Rheinfränkischs, alternative nominative (used with the definite article) Rheinfränkische, alternative genitive Rheinfränkischen, no plural)
* Rhine Franconian (Rhine-Franconian; Rhenish-Franconian)
    Antonym: Mainfränkisch
** Das Rheinfränk. wird [...] in das Hessische im NO und das Pfälzisch-Lothringische im SW untergliedert.Rhine Franconian [...] is divided into Hessian in the North-East and Palatine-Lothringian in the South-West.
** 1993, Cornelia Stroh, Sprachkontakt und Sprachbewußtsein: Eine soziolinguistische Studie am Beispiel Ost-Lothringens, Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag Tübingen, page 34:Die fest/feschd - Linie teilt das Rheinfränkische in die Mundarten Hessisch und Pfälzisch-Lothringisch.The fest/feschd-line divides Rhine Franconian into the dialects Hessian and Palatine-Lothringian.
** 2007, Hilkert Weddige, Mittelhochdeutsch: Eine Einführung, 7th ed. [1st ed. 1996], Verlag C.H.Beck : München, p. 8:
    II. Mitteldeutsch [...] Westmitteldeutsch Mittelfränkisch (Ripuarisch um Köln, Moselfränkisch um Trier) Rheinfränkisch (um Mainz, Speyer; einschließlich des Hessischen)(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Meronyms

* Hessisch
* Südrheinfränkisch
** Pfälzisch
** Südhessisch
** Lothringisch

#### Holonyms

* Westmitteldeutsch

#### Coordinate terms

* Mittelfränkisch

#### Further reading

* Peter Wiesinger, Die Herkunft der Baiern und die Entstehung des bairischen Sprachraumes, in: Rolf Bergmann, Stefanie Stricker (eds.), Römer - Baiern - Franken: Archäologie, Namenforschung, Sprachgeschichte im Main-Donau-Raum (series: Bamberger interdisziplinäre Mittelalterstudien: Vorlesungen und Vorträge 7), University of Bamberg Press : Bamberg, 2016, p. 163ff., here p. 173:
    Die sprachlichen Beziehungen und Entwicklungen erlauben es, die auf die Weser-Rhein-Germanen und Elbgermanen zurückgehenden Dialekte des 8. bis zur Mitte des 11. Jh.s als Althochdeutsch zusammenzufassen und dieses auch im Hinblick auf die jüngeren Weiterentwicklungen über das Mittelhochdeutsche zu den gegenwärtigen Dialekten in das Westmitteldeutsche mit Rheinfränkisch, Hessisch, Moselfränkich und Ripuarisch und in das Oberdeutsche mit Alemannisch, Bairisch und Ostfränkisch zu gliedern.
    Note: Here Rheinfränkisch in a stricter sense occurs.
* Hans Ramge, Aspekte einer Sprachgeschichte des Hessischen, in: Werner Besch, Anne Betten, Oskar Reichmann, Stefan Sonderegger (eds.), Sprachgeschichte: Ein Handbuch zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und ihrer Erforschung, 2nd ed., 3rd subvolume, Walter de Gruyter : Berlin / New York, 2003, (series: Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (HSK), 2.3), p. 2729ff., here p. 2734:
    Als Bezeichnungen für die heutigen dialektalen Sprachräume in Hessen sind üblich: südhessisch (bei Wiesinger rheinfränkisch), mittelhessisch (bei Wiesinger zentralhessisch), osthessisch und nordhessisch; [...]
# benevolens
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /beˈne.u̯o.lens/, [bɛˈneu̯ɔɫ̪ẽːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /beˈne.vo.lens/, [beˈnɛːvolens]

### Adjective

benevolēns (genitive benevolentis, comparative benevolentior, superlative benevolentissimus); third-declension one-termination adjective
* present active participle of bene volō (“to wish well”)
* (willing or wishing well to others) benevolent, friendly, kind, kind-hearted, well-intentioned, well-meaning, well-wishing, well-willing
    Synonyms: affābilis, amīcābilis, facilis
    Antonyms: inimīcus, hostīlis, īnfestus, īnfēnsus, oblīquus, adversus, dīversus, āversus, inīquus
    Benevolentes inter se.Friendly to each other.
    Alicui amicus et benevolens.A friend and well-wisher to some.
** ~190 BCE, Titus Maccius Plautus, Truculentus Act 2.Scene 2:Si ecastor hic homo sinapi victitet, non censeam tam esse tristem posse. At pol ero benevolens visust suo. Verum ego illúm, quamquam violentust, spero inmutari pote blandimentis, oramentis, ceteris meretriciis; vidi equom ex indomito domitum fieri atque alias beluas.If, by Castor, this fellow were living on mustard, I don't think he could possibly be as snappish. But, I troth, how kind to his master he is. Still, although he is a savage, I trust that he can be changed by coaxing, allurements, and other arts of the courtesan. I've seen a horse from unruly become tamed, and other brutes as well.
* favorable, propitious

#### Usage notes

* Much used in anteclassical. In the classical era the adjective benevolus was used.

#### Declension

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

### Noun

benevolēns m or f (genitive benevolentis); third declension
* a friend, a well-wisher, someone of a kind heart

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.

### References

* “benevolens”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “benevolens”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* benevolens in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# black cab
## English
### Etymology

From the usual black colour of officially licensed hackney carriages and motorized taxis in London, particularly after World War II.

### Noun

black cab (plural black cabs)
* (informal) An officially licensed taxi in London, now particularly those made by LTI or the London EV Company.
    Black cabs may be more expensive than ubers, but their drivers are required to pass the Knowledge.
** 2023 February 8, Greg Morse, “Crossing the border... by Sleeper”, in RAIL, number 976, page 45:Sitting in a black cab as it speeds away into the traffic, I check my bag. There, hiding in the bottom corner, I find a hand and body wash with the Caledonian Sleeper logo on it. I hadn't used it.
* (informal) Similarly styled taxis elsewhere, especially officially licensed taxis elsewhere in the United Kingdom.

#### Synonyms

* (officially licensed taxis in the UK) hackney carriage (formal)

### References

* “black cab”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
# cental
## English
### Etymology

From Latin centum (“a hundred”) +‎ -al, perhaps modeled after quintal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɛntəl/
* Rhymes: -ɛntəl

### Noun

cental (plural centals)
* (historical) A weight of one hundred avoirdupois pounds.
    Synonym: (Canada, US) hundredweight
** 1873 April, Monthly Report of the Department of Agriculture, page 206:Thin native steers, dressing 56 pounds per cwt., $10.50 per cental;
** 1888, C. Frusher Howard, Howard's Anglo-American art of reckoning, page 75:The practice of buying or selling grain by the 100 pounds, or the cental system, is becoming almost universal, and has many advantages over the old practice of selling grain by the bushel.
** 1901 July 6, Arthur F. Dodd, “Corn Options and Cotton Futures: Their Object and Effect upon Commercial Transactions”, in The Accountant, page 783:John Hudson & Co. are prepared to undertake the business at a ½d. per cental advance on the price of wheat on 4th July 19000, which is 6s. 5½d. per cental, thus obtaining 6s. 6d. per cental as the contract price.

### Adjective

cental (not comparable)
* Relating to a hundred.
* Pertaining to a cent (unit of currency, typically worth 1/100 of the base unit of currency).
    cental coins
** 1930, Tanganyika, “East African Rupee and Florin Currency”, in Official Gazette, page 470:Cental coin will be exchanged at the rate of two cents of a shilling for one cent of a rupee or florin .
** 1947, Saben's Commercial Directory and Handbook of Uganda, page 302:The one shilling pieces and all denominations of notes, Shs. 1/-, 5/-, 10/-, 20/-, 100/-, and 1000/- are legal tender up to any amount, while fifty cent pieces and cental coin are legal tender up to Shs. 20/- and Shs. 1/- respectively.
** 2015, John Meaney, Dark Blood:Harald joined a short queue, handed over a 13- cental coin , and took his pentagonal pink ticket .

### Anagrams

* Lancet, cantel, cantle, lancet