# διαβήτης
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From δῐᾰβαίνω (dĭăbaínō, “to step across, pass over”) +‎ -της (-tēs, “-er, -or”, agent noun suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /di.a.bɛ̌ː.tɛːs/ → /ði.aˈβi.tis/ → /ði.aˈvi.tis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /di.a.bɛ̌ː.tɛːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /di.aˈbe̝.te̝s/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ði.aˈβi.tis/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ði.aˈvi.tis/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ði.aˈvi.tis/

### Noun

δῐᾰβήτης • (dĭăbḗtēs) m (genitive δῐᾰβήτου); first declension
* pair of compasses (so called from its outstretched legs)
** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 178:Κατὰ τῆς τραπέζης καταπάσας λεπτὴν τέφραν, κάμψας ὀβελίσκον, εἶτα διαβήτην λαβών, ἐκ τῆς παλαίστρας θοἰμάτιον ὑφείλετο.Katà tês trapézēs katapásas leptḕn téphran, kámpsas obelískon, eîta diabḗtēn labṓn, ek tês palaístras thoimátion hupheíleto.He sprinkled fine ashes on the table, and bent a little spit, and then took it as a pair of compasses and filched a cloak from the Palaestra.
** carpenter's or stonemason's ruler
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 56b:Κανόνι γὰρ οἶμαι καὶ τόρνῳ χρῆται καὶ διαβήτῃ καὶ στάθμῃ καί τινι προσαγωγίῳ κεκομψευμένῳ.Kanóni gàr oîmai kaì tórnōi khrêtai kaì diabḗtēi kaì státhmēi kaí tini prosagōgíōi kekompseuménōi.For the artisan uses a rule, I imagine, a lathe, compasses, a chalk-line, and an ingenious instrument called a vice.
* siphon
** 10 CE – 70 CE, Hero, Pneumatica 1.29
* (pathology) diabetes
** 1 CE – 100 CE, Aretaeus, De Causis et Signis Diuturnorum Morborum 2.2:Θώϋμα τὸ διαβήτεω πάθος, οὐ κάρτα ξύνηθες ἀνθρώποισι· σαρκῶν καὶ μελέων ἐς οὖρον ἡ ξύντηξις· ὑγρὴ καὶ ψυχρὴ, ὅκως ἐν ὕδρωψι, αἰτίη.Thṓüma tò diabḗteō páthos, ou kárta xúnēthes anthrṓpoisi; sarkôn kaì meléōn es oûron hē xúntēxis; hugrḕ kaì psukhrḕ, hókōs en húdrōpsi, aitíē.Diabetes is a remarkable disorder, and not one very common to man. It consists of a moist and cold wasting of the flesh and limbs into urine, from a cause similar to that of dropsy.

#### Derived terms

* δῐᾰβήτῐνος (dĭăbḗtĭnos, adjective)
* δῐᾰβητῐ́ζομαι (dĭăbētĭ́zomai, verb)

#### Related terms

* δῐᾰβᾰ́της (dĭăbắtēs)

#### Descendants

* → Latin: diabētēs
** → English: diabetes

### References

* “διαβήτης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

## Greek
### Etymology

For the instrument, learned borrowing from Ancient Greek διαβήτης (diabḗtēs) from διαβαίνω (diabaínō, “walk, pass through”). For medicine, learned borrowing from Koine Greek sense.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ði̯aˈvi.tis/, (and in fast speech) /ðʝaˈvi.tis/
* Hyphenation: δια‧βή‧της
* Old Hyphenation: δι‧α‧βή‧της

### Noun

διαβήτης • (diavítis) m (plural διαβήτες)
* (geometry) pair of compasses (usually called a compass; an instrument used to draw circles)
* (medicine) diabetes, diabetes mellitus
    Synonyms: σακχαροδιαβήτης (sakcharodiavítis), σάκχαρο (sákcharo), ζαχαροδιαβήτης (zacharodiavítis)

#### Coordinate terms

* υπεργλυκαιμία f (yperglykaimía, “hyperglycaemia”)
* υπογλυκαιμία f (ypoglykaimía, “hypoglycaemia”)

#### Related terms

* αντιδιαβητικός (antidiavitikós, “antidiabetic”, adjective)
* διαβητικός (diavitikós, adjective)
* διαβητολογία f (diavitología, “diabetology”)
* διαβητολογικός (diavitologikós, adjective)
* διαβητολόγος m (diavitológos, “diabetologist”)
* ζαχαροδιαβήτης m (zacharodiavítis)
* σακχαροδιαβήτης m (sakcharodiavítis)
* and see: διαβαίνω (diavaíno), διά (diá), and βαίνω (vaíno)

### References

* ↑ διαβήτης, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language

### Further reading

* Terms with διαβητ- - Charalambakis, Chistoforos et al. (2014) Χρηστικό λεξικό της νεοελληνικής γλώσσας (Christiko lexiko tis Neoellhnikis Glossas) [A Practical dictionary of Modern Greek language] (in Greek) Athens: Academy of Athens. (online since 2023 - abbreviations - symbols)
* διαβήτης on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$