# 衣冠
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yīguān
    (Zhuyin): ㄧ ㄍㄨㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ji$^1$ gun$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): i-koan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yīguān
*** Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄍㄨㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yiguan
*** Wade–Giles: i$^1$-kuan$^1$
*** Yale: yī-gwān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iguan
*** Palladius: игуань (iguanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$一關 / 一关 衣冠 醫官 / 医官
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^1$ gun$^1$
*** Yale: yī gūn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^1$ gun$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^1$ gun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː⁵⁵ kuːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i-koan
*** Tâi-lô: i-kuan
*** Phofsit Daibuun: i'koafn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /i⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /i³³ kuan³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /i⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: 'j+j kwan
Rime :
| Character | 衣 | 冠 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 微 (20) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 於希切 | 古丸切 |
| Baxter | 'j+j | kwan |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔɨi/ | /kuɑn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔɨi/ | /kʷɑn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔiəi/ | /kuɑn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɨj/ | /kwan/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔiəi/ | /kuɑn/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭəi/ | /kuɑn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔe̯i/ | /kuɑn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yī | guān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ji$^1$ | gun$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔ(r)əj [k.ʔ]ˤor/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qɯl kŋoːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 衣 | 冠 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yī | guān |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjɨj › | ‹ kwan › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔ(r)əj/ | /*[k.ʔ]ˁor/ |
| English | clothes | cap (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 衣 | 冠 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| No. | 14837 | 16107 |
| Phonetic component | 衣 | 元 |
| Rime group | 微 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 依 | 官 |
| Old Chinese | /*qɯl/ | /*kŋoːn/ |

#### Noun

衣冠
* (Classical, literally) hat and clothes
* (by extension) dress; attire
* (Classical, by extension) the gentry

##### Synonyms

* (dress):
* 打扮 (style of dress)
* 服裝 / 服装 (fúzhuāng)
* 服飾 / 服饰 (fúshì)
* 穿戴 (chuāndài)
* 穿插 (chhēng-chhah) (Hokkien)
* 穿著 / 穿着 (chuānzhuó)
* 衣履 (yīlǚ) (literary)
* 衣服
* 衣著 / 衣着 (yīzhuó)
* 衣衫 (yīshān)
* 衣裳 (yīshang) (colloquial)
* 裝扮 / 装扮 (zhuāngbàn)
* 裝束 / 装束 (zhuāngshù)
* 身頌 / 身颂 (sĭng$^{→sīng}$-*sê̤ṳng) (Eastern Min)

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: 衣(い)冠(かん) (ikan)
* → Korean: 의관(衣冠) (uigwan)

#### Adjective

衣冠
* having the appearance of a gentlemen; refined; sophisticated
    衣冠禽獸／衣冠禽兽 ― yīguānqínshòu ― gentleman in appearance but a beast in conduct
    From: 1943, Feng Zhi, 《憶平樂》
    Zhēnzhèng biàndé bùchéng rénxíng de què shì nàxiē yīguān rénshì: yǒuxiē jiàoyùjiā bǎ xuéxiào bàn dé bùchéng xuéxiào, yǒuxiē zhèngkè bǎ zhèngzhì nòng dé bùchéng zhèngzhì, yǒuxiē jūnguān bǎ jūnduì nòng dé bùchéng jūnduì. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Derived terms

* 優孟衣冠 / 优孟衣冠
* 挂衣冠
* 沐猴衣冠
* 白衣冠
* 衣冠不整
* 衣冠中人
* 衣冠優孟 / 衣冠优孟
* 衣冠冢 (yīguānzhǒng)
* 衣冠南渡 (Yīguān Nándù)
* 衣冠塚 / 衣冠冢 (yīguānzhǒng)
* 衣冠墓 (yīguānmù)
* 衣冠子女
* 衣冠文物
* 衣冠梟獍 / 衣冠枭獍 (yīguānxiāojìng)
* 衣冠楚楚 (yīguānchǔchǔ)
* 衣冠沐猴
* 衣冠濟楚 / 衣冠济楚
* 衣冠濟濟 / 衣冠济济
* 衣冠甚偉 / 衣冠甚伟
* 衣冠盛事
* 衣冠禮樂 / 衣冠礼乐
* 衣冠禽獸 / 衣冠禽兽 (yīguānqínshòu)
* 衣冠緒餘 / 衣冠绪余
* 衣冠藍縷 / 衣冠蓝缕
* 衣冠赫奕
* 衣冠輻湊 / 衣冠辐凑
* 衣冠雲集 / 衣冠云集
* 衣冠齊楚 / 衣冠齐楚

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yīguàn, yìguàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄧ ㄍㄨㄢˋ, ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yīguàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄍㄨㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yiguàn
*** Wade–Giles: i$^1$-kuan$^4$
*** Yale: yī-gwàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iguann
*** Palladius: игуань (iguanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yìguàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yìguàn
*** Wade–Giles: i$^4$-kuan$^4$
*** Yale: yì-gwàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yihguann
*** Palladius: игуань (iguanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku̯än⁵¹/

#### Verb

衣冠
* (Classical) to wear clothing

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 衣 | 冠 |
| い Grade: 4 | かん Grade: S |
| kan'on | on'yomi |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いかん [íꜜkàǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ikã̠ɴ]

### Noun

衣(い)冠(かん) • (ikan)
* (historical, clothing) regular court dress, originally for night-attendance

#### Elements of Ikan

* 冠(かんむり) (kanmuri)
* 檜(ひ)扇(おうぎ) (hiōgi)
* 畳紙(たとうがみ), 帖紙(たとうがみ) (tatōgami)
* 袍(ほう) (hō)
* 指貫(さしぬき) (sashinuki)
* 単衣(ひとえ) (hitoe)
* 下袴(したばかま) (shitabakama)
* 小袖(こそで) (kosode)
* 浅沓(あさぐつ) (asagutsu)

#### See also

* 束帯(そくたい) (sokutai)
* 布袴(ほうこ) (hōko)
* 直衣(のうし) (nōshi)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN