# ξένος
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ξεῖνος (xeînos) — Epic, Ionic
* ξέννος (xénnos) — Aeolic

### Etymology

From earlier ξένϝος (xénwos), from Proto-Hellenic *ksénwos, which Beekes tentatively considers Pre-Greek; he also mentions attempts to connect the term to Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis (“guest”). However, compare Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬥𐬀𐬎 (xšnau), as well as Albanian huaj (“alien”), from Proto-Albanian *ksōn(w)ja.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ksé.nos/ → /ˈkse.nos/ → /ˈkse.nos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ksé.nos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈkse.nos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈkse.nos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈkse.nos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈkse.nos/

### Adjective

ξένος • (xénos) m (feminine ξένη, neuter ξένον); first/second declension
* foreign
* strange, unusual

#### Descendants

* Greek: ξένος (xénos)
From the neuter singular:
* → Afrikaans: xenon
* → Albanian: ksenon
* → Arabic: إِكْسِينُون (ʔiksinōn)
* → Armenian: քսենոն (kʻsenon)
* → Asturian: xenón
* → Basque: xenona
* → Belarusian: ксэнон (ksenón)
* → Breton: ksenon
* → Bulgarian: ксенон (ksenon)
* → Catalan: xenó
* → Cornish: xenon
* → Crimean Tatar: ksenon
* → Czech: xenon
* → Danish: xenon
* → Dutch: xenon
* → Esperanto: ksenono
* → Estonian: ksenoon
* → Faroese: xenon
* → Finnish: ksenon
* → French: xénon
* → Friulian: xenon
* → Galician: xenon
* → Georgian: ქსენონი (ksenoni)
* → German: Xenon
* → Greek: ξένο (xéno)
* → Hebrew: קסנון (ksinón)
* → Hungarian: xenon
* → Icelandic: xenon
* → Ido: xenio
* → Interlingua: xenon
* → Irish: xeanón
* → Italian: xenon, xeno
* → Japanese: キセノン (kisenon)
* → Kashubian: ksenón
* → Kazakh: ксенон (ksenon)
* → Korean: 크세논 (keusenon), 제논 (jenon)
* → New Latin: xenon
* → Latvian: ksenons
* → Limburgish: ksenon
* → Lithuanian: ksenonas
* → Luxembourgish: Xenon
* → Macedonian: ксенон (ksenon)
* → Malay: xenon
* → Maltese: ksenon
* → Manx: xenon
* → Mongolian: ксенон (ksenon)
* → Norwegian Bokmål: xenon
* → Norwegian Nynorsk: xenon
* → Occitan: xenon
* → Persian: زنون
* → Polish: ksenon
* → Portuguese: xenônio, xenónio
* → Romanian: xenon
* → Russian: ксено́н (ksenón)
* → Northern Sami: xenon
* → Scottish Gaelic: xeanon
* → Serbo-Croatian: ksènōn
* → Slovak: xenón
* → Slovene: ksenon
* → Spanish: xenón
* → Swedish: xenon
* → Tajik: ksenon
* → Tamil: செனன் (ceṉaṉ)
* → Thai: ซีนอน (sii-nɔ̂n)
* → Turkish: ksenon
* → Ukrainian: ксенон (ksenon)
* → Uzbek: ксенон (ksenon)
* → Vietnamese: xenon
* → Volapük: xenonin
* → Welsh: senon
* → West Frisian: xenon

### Noun

ξένος • (xénos) m (genitive ξένου); second declension
* of parties giving or receiving hospitality: host and much more commonly guest
* stranger
* one who is hired: hired worker, mercenary
* foreigner

#### Derived terms

* Ἄξεινος (Áxeinos)
* Ἀριστόξενος (Aristóxenos)
* Μενέξενος (Menéxenos)
* ξενῐ́ᾱ (xenĭ́ā)
* ξενῐ́ζω (xenĭ́zō)
* ξενῐκός (xenĭkós)
* ξένῐος (xénĭos)
* Ξενοκλῆς (Xenoklês)
* Ξενοκράτης (Xenokrátēs)
* Ξενοφάνης (Xenophánēs)
* ξενοφῠ́λᾰξ (xenophŭ́lăx)
* Ξενοφῶν (Xenophôn)
* Πολυξένη (Poluxénē)
* Πρόξενος (Próxenos)
* πρόξενος (próxenos)
* Τιμόξενος (Timóxenos)
* φιλόξενος (philóxenos)
* Φιλόξενος (Philóxenos)

#### Descendants

* English: xeno-
* Greek: ξένος (xénos)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ξένος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1034

### Further reading

* “ξένος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ξένος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ξένος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* “ξένος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G3581 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. alien idem, page 22.foreign idem, page 336.foreigner idem, page 336.friend idem, page 345.guest idem, page 378.host idem, page 407.pilgrim idem, page 613.strange idem, page 823.stranger idem, page 823.visitor idem, page 955.

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ξένος (xénos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkse.nos/
* Hyphenation: ξέ‧νος

### Adjective

ξένος • (xénos) m (feminine ξένη, neuter ξένο)
* foreign
* strange, unfamiliar

#### Declension

Derivations: Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο ξένος, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο ξένος, etc.)

#### Synonyms

* see: αλλοδαπός (allodapós)

#### Related terms

* αξενία f (axenía, “inhospitality”)
* άξενος (áxenos, “inhospitable”)
* αποξενώνω (apoxenóno, “alienate”)
* αποξένωση f (apoxénosi, “alienation, estrangement”)
* αφιλοξενία f (afiloxenía, “inhospitality”)
* ξεναγός m or f (xenagós, “guide”)
* ξενηλασία f (xenilasía, “anti-immigrant”)
* ξενίζω (xenízo)
* ξενικός (xenikós, “foreign”, adjective)
* ξένιος (xénios, epithet of Zeus)
* ξενισμός m (xenismós)
* ξενιστής m (xenistís, “biological host”)
* ξενιτεύομαι (xenitévomai, “to emigrate”)
* ξενιτιά f (xenitiá, “foreign lands”)
* ξενο- (xeno-, prefix)
* ξένον n (xénon, “xenon”)
* παράξενος (paráxenos, “strange, weird”)
* προξενεύω (proxenévo)
* πρόξενος m (próxenos, “consul; who causes”)
* προξενώ (proxenó, “to cause”)
* φιλοξενώ (filoxenó, “host”)

### Noun

ξένος • (xénos) m (plural ξένοι, feminine ξένη)
* foreigner, alien
* stranger
* guest

#### Synonyms

* αλλοδαπός m (allodapós)