# chock
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /tʃɒk/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /t͡ʃɑk/
** Homophone: chalk (cot–caught merger)
* Rhymes: -ɒk

### Etymology 1

From Middle English *chokke (“attested in chokkefull”), from Anglo-Norman choque (compare modern Norman chouque), from an Old Northern French variant of Old French çouche, çouche (“block, log”), of Celtic origin, from Gaulish *tsukka (compare Breton soc’h (“thick”), Old Irish tócht (“part, piece”), itself borrowed from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz. Doublet of stock.

#### Noun

chock (plural chocks)
* Any object used as a wedge or filler, especially when placed behind a wheel to prevent it from rolling.
** 2000, Leonard Mosley, Lindbergh: A Biography‎, page 82:On April 28, 1927, on Dutch Flats, below San Diego, Charles Lindbergh signaled chocks-away to those on the ground below him.
** 2006, Paul Tawrell, Camping & Wilderness Survival: The Ultimate Outdoors Book:Artificial anchor points are those constructed from equipment carried by the team. These are usually the chocks or pitons placed in cracks or bolts drilled in the rock.
* (nautical) Any fitting or fixture used to restrict movement, especially movement of a line; traditionally was a fixture near a bulwark with two horns pointing towards each other, with a gap between where the line can be inserted.

##### Derived terms

* chockablock
* chockless
* chocks away
* chockstone
* dousing-chock

##### Translations
#### Verb

chock (third-person singular simple present chocks, present participle chocking, simple past and past participle chocked)
* (transitive) To stop or fasten, as with a wedge, or block; to scotch.
** 1915, Railway Line Clearances and Car Dimensions Including Weight Limitations of Railroads in the United States, Canada, Mexico and Cuba:Gondolas with drop or hopper doors not boarded over should have lading cleated and chocked so as to prevent shifting over doors.
** 2010, J. C. McKenney, The Rainwoman, page 93:Alejandro jumped out and set the emergency brake (chocking the left rear wheel with a wood block he kept behind the cabina).
* (intransitive, obsolete) To fill up, as a cavity.
** 1662, Thomas Fuller, Worthies of England:When the bells ring, the wood-work thereof shaketh and grapeth (no defect, but perfect of structure), and exactly chocketh into the joynts again; so that it may pass for the lively embleme of the sincere Christian, who, though he hath motum trepidationis, of fear and trembling, stands firmly fixt on the basis of a true faith.
* (nautical) To insert a line in a chock.

##### Derived terms

* unchock

##### Derived terms

* chock-a-block
* chocks away
* unchock
(Note: chock full is not derived from this word. In fact, it is an alteration of the earlier choke-full, which most likely derives from a variant of the word cheek.)

##### Translations
#### Adverb

chock (not comparable)
* (nautical) Entirely; quite.
** 1857, Elisha Kent Kane, Arctic Explorations, page 431:Tom Hickey, our good-humored, blundering cabin-boy, decorated since poor Schubert's death with the dignities of cook, is in that little dirty cot on the starboard side; the rest are bedded in rows, Mr. Brooks and myself chock aft.
** 1862, Dana's Seamen's Friend: Containing a Treatise on Practical Seamanship:Merchant vessels usually hoist a little on the halyards, so as to clear the sail from the top, then belay them and get the lee sheet chock home; then haul home the weather sheet, shivering the sail by the braces to help it home, and hoist on the halyards until the leaches are well taut, taking a turn with the braces, if the wind is fresh, and slacking them as the yard goes up.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

French choquer. Compare shock (transitive verb).

#### Noun

chock (plural chocks)
* (obsolete) An encounter.

#### Verb

chock (third-person singular simple present chocks, present participle chocking, simple past and past participle chocked)
* (obsolete) To encounter.

### Etymology 3

Onomatopoeic.

#### Verb

chock (third-person singular simple present chocks, present participle chocking, simple past and past participle chocked)
* To make a dull sound.
** 1913, D.H. Lawrence, chapter 1, in Sons and Lovers:She saw him hurry to the door, heard the bolt chock. He tried the latch.

### References

* “chock”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.÷
* “chock”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* Partridge, Eric (2006): Origins: A Short Etymological Dictionary of Modern English

## Swedish
### Etymology

From French choc.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɔk

### Noun

chock c
* shock

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | chock | chocks |
| singular | definite | chocken | chockens |
| plural | indefinite | chocker | chockers |
| plural | definite | chockerna | chockernas |

#### Related terms

* allergichock
* chocka
* chockartad
* chockbehandla
* chockbehandling
* chockbesked
* chockera
* chockerande
* chockgranat
* chockhöja
* chockhöjning
* chockmetod
* chockpris
* chockrapport
* chockreaktion
* chockrosa
* chockskadad
* chockstart
* chockstarta
* chockterapi
* chocktillstånd
* chockupplevelse
* chockverkan
* chockvåg
* elchock
* elektrochock
* förtroendechock
* glädjechock
* granatchock
* insulinchock
* kavallerichock
* kulturchock
* nakenchock
* nervchock
* polischock
* prischock
* räntechock
* skattechock
* sockerchock
* värmechock

### References

* chock in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* chock in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* chock in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)