# pan-
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πᾰν- (păn-).

### Prefix

pan-
* Used to form higher clades with one main member.

## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πᾰν- (păn-), combining form of πᾶς (pâs, “all, every”).

### Prefix

pan-
* All.
    panenteroviral is relating to all enteroviruses, Panhellenic is of or relating to all Greece or all the Greeks, panneural is relating to all nerves, panphilia is a state of loving or accepting all things
** Every member of a countable set.
    pancarditis is inflammation of all three layers of the heart, panophthalmitis is the inflammation of all coats of the eye, panplegia is paralysis of all four extremities
** Most, nearly all, effectively all in quantity.
    panallergenic is relating to all (or most) allergens, panbacterial is relating to all (or most) types of bacteria, panhypopituitarism is a form of hypopituitarism affecting most of the pituitary hormones
** Encompassing, including all, or involving all.
    pancaspase is involving or relating to all (or most) caspases, pangender is encompassing or including all genders, panlingual is involving or encompassing all languages
** Entire, whole; the entirety of the root object or category.
    pancolonoscopy is colonoscopy of the entire colon, pangastritis is inflammation of the entire stomach lining, pangenomic is relating to the whole of a genome
** Universal, everything, all that can be imagined.
    pangeometry is a generalized geometry in any number of dimensions, panphobia is the fear of everything, theopanism is the belief that the universe emanates from God
** Unification of a social group; the political movement to unify said group.
    Pan-Africanism is a sociopolitical movement seeking to unify native Africans and those of African heritage into a global community, pan-Indianism is a movement promoting unity among different American Indian groups in the Americas regardless of tribal or local affiliations, pan-nationalism is nationalism that transcends traditional (historical) national identities or boundaries (such as borders) in order to create a single, unified identity
** Spanning the entirety of a set which may not be countable; its members may not be clearly distinguished from each other.
    pancontinental is across all continents, pan-Covid is covering all strains of the COVID-19 virus, pancultural is across all cultures
** Throughout an area indicated by the root.
    panarctic is throughout the Arctic, pancolitis is a very severe form of ulcerative colitis that spreads throughout the large intestine from cecum to rectum, panfandom is occurring throughout or encompassing all of fandom
** Representing or covering a given social group.
    Pan-Asian is covering or representing all of Asia; pan-Palestinian is covering or representing Palestinians in the West Bank, Gaza and the diaspora; Pan-Anglican is belonging to, or representing, the whole Church of England
** Ubiquitous, widespread. The root indicates what is widespread rather than the area in which it is widespread.
    panallergen is any of a class of ubiquitous allergenic substances; pannecrosis is widespread necrosis, especially of neurons
* (LGBTQ) Pansexual or pansexuality.
    pancurious is exhibiting a state of uncertainty about one's pansexual or panromantic status; panphobia is fear, dislike, or hatred of pansexual people and/or pansexuality

#### Usage notes

* An initial capital may be used when this prefix attaches to an already capitalized word: e.g. pan-African or Pan-African.

#### Synonyms

* (all): al-/all-, omni-

#### Coordinate terms

* -wide

#### Derived terms

* panacea
* panchromatic
* pancreas
* pandect
* pandeism
* pandemic
* pandemonism
* pandemonium
* panendeism
* panentheism
* panophobia
* panoply
* panopticon
* panorama
* panpsychism
* pansentience
* pansexual
* pantheism
* pantheon
* pantograph
* pantomime
* panaminoglycoside
* panarchy
* panarthritis
* pancancer
* panchromatic
* pancoronavirus
* panendothelial
* panenteroviral
* panenterovirus
* pangender
* pangenotypic
* panglial
* panglomerular
* Panhellenic
* panhuman
* panintestinal
* Pan-Islamic
* panleukocyte
* panlinguistic
* panmyeloid
* panneural
* panneuronal
* panoceanic
* panorganotropic
* panpestivirus
* panpharmacon
* panphilia
* panplacodal
* pantheism
* panacetylated
* panacinar
* panarthritis
* panatrophy
* panbronchiolitis
* pancarditis
* pancellular
* pancerebellar
* pancyclic
* pancytokeratin
* pancytopenia
* pandigital
* pandimensional
* panglobal
* pangram
* panhypogammaglobulinemia
* panlectal
* panophthalmitis
* panplegia
* panallergenic
* panaxonemal
* panbacterial
* pancardiac
* panchromatic
* panepithelial
* panflavivirus
* panfungal
* pangenome
* panhematopoietic
* panhyperpituitarism
* panhypopituitarism
* panhypoproteinemia
* panarchy
* panautonomic
* pancaspase
* Pancyprian
* Pangaea
* pangender
* pangendered
* Panionic
* panlingual
* panlinguistic
* panoptic
* pan-Polish
* panamerican
* panangiography
* pancolonic
* pancolonoscopy
* panfacial
* pangastritis
* pangenomic
* panhysterectomy
* panidrosis
* panlobular
* panomics
* panorama
* panacea
* pancognitivism
* pandeism
* pandemonism
* paneulogism
* pangeometry
* panlogism
* panphobia
* pantheism
* theopanism
* Pan-Africanism
* Pan-Altaism
* pan-Arabism
* pan-Indianism
* pan-Indianist
* Pan-Islam
* Panislamism
* pan-Muslimism
* pan-nationalism
* pancontinental
* pancorneal
* pan-Covid
* pancultural
* pandialectal
* pan-disability
* pan-European
* pan-Indian
* panarctic
* pancolitis
* pancosmic
* panfandom
* pangalactic
* panmacular
* panmesodermal
* panortholog
* panidiomorphic
* panoply
* Pan-American
* Pan-Anglican
* Pan-Asian
* pan-Palestinian
* panallergen
* pandemic
* pannecrosis
* pancurious
* panphobia

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* -nap, ANP, NAP, NPA, PNA, nap

## Bikol Central
### Alternative forms

* pang-, pam-

### Prefix

pan-
* Instrumentative case of the noun - a tool or an instrument that is used to perform the action expressed by the root
    ‎pan- + ‎takop (“a cover”) → ‎pantakop (“an instrument used to cover something”)

## Czech
### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* “pan-”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* pan- in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

## Finnish
### Etymology

Internationalism (see English pan-), ultimately from Ancient Greek πᾰν- (păn-).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑn-/, [ˈpɑ̝n-]

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

## French
### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pan/, [pʰän]
* Audio:(file)

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms

* Pangenesis

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* pain-

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms
## Italian
### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms
### Anagrams

* NAP

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân).

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms
### References

* “pan-” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “pan-” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân).

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms
### References

* “pan-” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Polish
### Etymology

Derived from Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pan/
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: pan-
* Homophones: pan, PAN, Pan

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* pan- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /pɐ̃/
* (Portugal) IPA: /pɐn/
* Rhymes: -ɐ̃
* Hyphenation: pan

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân), neuter form of πᾶς (pâs, “all, every”).

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-
    Synonyms: omni-, todo

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* “pan-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology

Ultimately from Ancient Greek πᾶν (pân).

### Prefix

pan-
* pan-

#### Derived terms
## Tagalog
### Prefix

pan- (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜈ᜔)
* Alternative form of pang-, if the root starts with alveolar consonants, such as ⟨d⟩, ⟨l⟩, ⟨n⟩, ⟨r⟩, ⟨s⟩, or ⟨t⟩, which sometimes gets nasally assimilated to the prefix ending when starts with alveolar consonants, ⟨s⟩, ⟨t⟩, or ⟨d⟩.
    ‎pan- + ‎digma (“war”) → ‎pandigma (“meant for war”)
    ‎pan- + ‎diwa (“gist”) → ‎pandiwa (“verb”)
    ‎pan- + ‎lasa (“flavor”) → ‎panlasa (“taste”)
    ‎pan- + ‎samantala (“while”) → ‎pansamantala (“temporary”)
    ‎pan- + ‎sampalataya (“belief”) → ‎pananampalataya (“faith”)
    ‎pan- + ‎takip (“cover”) → ‎pantakip (“an instrument used to cover something”)
    ‎pan- + ‎talo (“defeat”) → ‎panalo (“victory”)

#### Usage notes

* When used before root initials /d/, /s/, or /t/, the said initials sometimes undergo nasal assimilation to the prefix ending.
    ‎pan- + ‎damit (“clothing”) → ‎pananamit (“act of wearing clothes”)
    ‎pan- + ‎sulat (“writing”) → ‎panulat (“writing instrument”)
    ‎pan- + ‎tinda (“sale”) → ‎paninda (“merchandise”)
* Native speakers sometimes use the prefix pang- by default, instead of pan- without any morpheme change to the word.
    ‎pang- + ‎sulat (“writing”) → ‎pangsulat (literally “for writing”)
    ‎pang- + ‎takip (“cover”) → ‎pangtakip (literally “for covering”)

#### Derived terms
### Further reading

* “pan-”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* https://learningtagalog.com/grammar/nouns/noun_affixes/pang.html

### Anagrams

* NPA