# 羼

| 羼 | U+7FBC, &#32700; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FBC |
| ← 羻 [U+7FBB] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 羽 → [U+7FBD] |

## Translingual
### Han character

羼 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+15, 21 strokes, cangjie input 尸廿手手 (STQQ), four-corner 7725$_1$, composition ⿸尸羴)

#### Derived characters

* 𢺟, 𮟨, 𬳲, 𠠮

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 954, character 33
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28594
* Dae Jaweon: page 1399, character 29
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3140, character 12
* Unihan data for U+7FBC

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 羼
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 羴 | *qʰreːn, *qʰljen |
| 羼 | *skʰreːnʔ, *skʰraːns |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *skʰreːnʔ, *skʰraːns) : semantic 尸 (“shelter”) + phonetic 羴 (OC *qʰreːn, *qʰljen, “a crowd of sheep or goat”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chàn (chan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): caan$^3$ / caan$^2$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): syong$^2$ / syeng$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhán / sán
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cang$^3$ / cam$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chàn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻan$^4$
*** Yale: chàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chann
*** Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caan$^3$ / caan$^2$
*** Yale: chaan / cháan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaan$^3$ / tsaan$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: can$^3$ / can$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːn³³/, /t͡sʰaːn³⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: syong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬyɒŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: syeng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬyøŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhán / sán
*** Tâi-lô: tshán / sán
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zharn, sarn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰan⁵³/, /san⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰan⁵⁵⁴/, /san⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰan⁵³/, /san⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰan⁵³/, /san⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰan⁴¹/, /san⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cang$^3$ / cam$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshàng / tshàm
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaŋ²¹³/, /t͡sʰam²¹³/
* Middle Chinese: tsrheanX, tsrhaenH
Rime :
| Character | 羼 | 羼 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 初 (19) | 初 (19) |
| Final (韻) | 山 (73) | 刪 (69) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II |
| Fanqie | 初限切 | 初鴈切 |
| Baxter | tsrheanX | tsrhaenH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃʰˠɛn$^X$/ | /t͡ʃʰˠan$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæn$^X$/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚan$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃʰæn$^X$/ | /t͡ʃʰɐn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂʰəɨn$^X$/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰaɨn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃʰɛn$^X$/ | /t͡ʃʰan$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃʰæn$^X$/ | /t͡ʃʰan$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂʰăn$^X$/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰan$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chǎn | chàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | caan$^2$ | caan$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*skʰreːnʔ/, /*skʰraːns/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 羼 | 羼 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11071 | 11072 |
| Phonetic component | 羴 | 羴 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 剗 | 鏟 |
| Old Chinese | /*skʰreːnʔ/ | /*skʰraːns/ |

### Definitions

羼
* to mix; to blend

#### Compounds

* 儳羼 (chànchàn)
* 羼入
* 羼名
* 羼和
* 羼水 (chànshuǐ)
* 羼雜 / 羼杂 (chànzá)
* 胡羼

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B03555
* “羼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “羼”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 26.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): さん (san)、せん (sen)
* Kun: まじりあう (majiriau)