# 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *snewaną.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsniwan/

### Verb

𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 • (sniwan)
* to go, go away, leave
** John 15:16:
    𐌽𐌹 𐌾𐌿𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌺 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸, 𐌰𐌺 𐌹𐌺 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃 ⟨𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃⟩ 𐌴𐌹 𐌾𐌿𐍃 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂 𐌳𐌿 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹, 𐌴𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰𐍈𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌴𐌹 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌽 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰, 𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃.ni jus mik gawalidēduþ, ak ik gawalida izwis ⟨jah gasatida izwis⟩ ei jus sniwaiþ jah akran bairaiþ, jah akran izwar du aiwa sijai, ei þataƕah þei bidjaiþ attan in namin meinamma, gibiþ izwis.Ye have not chosen me, but I have chosen you, and ordained you, that ye should go and bring forth fruit, and that your fruit should remain: that whatsoever ye shall ask of the Father in my name, he may give it you. (KJV)
* to strive for
** 1 Corinithians 9:25a:
    𐌹𐌸 𐍈𐌰𐌶𐌿𐌷 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸, 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌺 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌱⟨𐌰⟩𐌹𐌸iþ ƕazuh saei haifstjan sniwiþ, allis sik gaþarb⟨a⟩iþAnd every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all things. (KJV)
* to come upon
** 1 Thessalonians 2:16:
    𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌳𐌿 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐌼 𐍂𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰, 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹 𐌳𐌿 𐌿𐍃𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐍃 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉; 𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹.warjandans uns du þiudōm rōdjan ei ganisaina, akei du usfulljan seinōs frawaurhtins sinteinō; aþþan snauh ana ins hatis gudis und andi.Forbidding us to speak to the Gentiles that they might be saved, to fill up their sins alway: for the wrath is come upon them to the uttermost. (KJV)

#### Conjugation

A form 𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷 (snauh) (with clitic -𐌿𐌷 (-uh)) is attested.
Class 5 strong :
| Infinitive | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 sniwan | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 sniwan | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 sniwan |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰 sniwa | 𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿 snau | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰 sniwada |
| 2nd singular | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃 sniwis | 𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿𐍄 snaut | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌶𐌰 sniwaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸 sniwiþ | 𐍃𐌽𐌰𐌿 snau | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰 sniwada |
| 1st dual | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐍉𐍃 sniwōs | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿 snewu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍃 sniwats | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿𐍄𐍃 snewuts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌼 sniwam | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿𐌼 snewum | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 sniwanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸 sniwiþ | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿𐌸 snewuþ | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 sniwanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳 sniwand | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌿𐌽 snewun | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 sniwanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌿 sniwau | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌿 snewjau | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 sniwaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍃 sniwais | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 sneweis | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 sniwaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹 sniwai | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌹 snewi | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 sniwaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 sniwaiwa | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 sneweiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 sniwaits | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 sneweits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 sniwaima | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 sneweima | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 sniwaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌸 sniwaiþ | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌸 sneweiþ | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 sniwaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 sniwaina | 𐍃𐌽𐌴𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 sneweina | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 sniwaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅 sniw | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 sniwadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍃 sniwats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌸 sniwiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 sniwandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 sniwands | 𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 sniwans | |

#### Derived terms

* 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (bisniwan)
* 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (gasniwan)
* 𐌳𐌿𐌰𐍄𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (duatsniwan)
* 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (faurbisniwan)
* 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐌽𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽 (faursniwan)

### Further reading

* Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 126