# 以上
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǐshàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˇ ㄕㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ji$^5$ soeng$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî-song
* Northern Min (KCR): ǐ-ciōng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): í-siōng / í-siāng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): in$^2$ siang$^6$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): i$^3$ shan$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǐshàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˇ ㄕㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǐshàng
*** Wade–Giles: i$^3$-shang$^4$
*** Yale: yǐ-shàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiishanq
*** Palladius: ишан (išan)
*** Sinological IPA : /i²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^5$ soeng$^6$
*** Yale: yíh seuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^5$ soeng$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^5$ sêng$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː¹³ sœːŋ²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-song
*** Hakka Romanization System: i$^ˊ$ song
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^1$ song$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /i²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî-song
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)i$^ˊ$ song
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^1$ song$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǐ-ciōng
*** Sinological IPA : /i²¹ t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-siōng
*** Tâi-lô: í-siōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ysiong
*** IPA (Xiamen): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í-siāng
*** Tâi-lô: í-siāng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ysiang
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ²²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siaŋ³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: in$^2$ siang$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: íⁿ siăng
*** Sinological IPA : /ĩ⁵²⁻³⁵ siaŋ³⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: i$^3$ shan$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /i⁴¹ ʂan²¹⁻¹¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /i⁴¹ san²¹⁻¹¹/

### Noun

以上
* above; more than; over
* greater than or equal to
* above-mentioned; above

#### Usage notes

Unlike in Japanese, where the term unambiguously refers to an inclusive lower bound, in Chinese the interval may be inclusive or exclusive depending on context. According to the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, legally speaking the interval is always inclusive: "民法所称的“以上”、“以下”、“以内”、“届满”，包括本数；所称的“不满”、“超过”、“以外”，不包括本数。"

#### Synonyms

* (above): 以懸／以悬

#### Antonyms

* 以下 (yǐxià)

### Phrase

以上
* (usually Internet slang, influenced by Japanese) that's it; that's all (used at the end of a text to indicate that there is nothing further)
** 2021 April 15, 立法院未來國會願景規劃諮詢委員會, quoting 丘如華, “立法院未來國會願景規劃諮詢委員會第一次會議”, in 立法院遷(改)建計畫網站‎, Taipei, page 13:
       Wǎnshàng 2-3 diǎn wǒ dōu hái zài shàngbān, suíshí dōu kěyǐ wèn wǒ, bùshì 24 xiǎoshí, kěshì shì 7-eleven, yǐshàng. [Pinyin]
       I am still at work even at 2~3 at midnight, [so] you can ask me any time. I may not 24-7, but I am 7-eleven. That's all.

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 以上(いじょう) (ijō)
* → Korean: 이상(以上) (isang)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 以 | 上 |
| い Grade: 4 | じょう Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いじょー [íꜜjòò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [iʑo̞ː]

### Noun

以(い)上(じょう) • (ijō)
* the aforementioned, the foregoing
* greater than or equal to
* (plain form verb) + 以上は: since, now that, so long as, once

### Interjection

以(い)上(じょう) • (ijō)
* that's it (used at the end of a text to indicate that there is nothing further)

#### Derived terms

* 以上(いじょう)です (ijō desu)

### Related terms

* 以下(いか) (ika)

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō
* ↑ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 以 | 上 |

### Noun

以上 • (isang) (hangeul 이상)
* hanja form of 이상 (“the aforementioned, the foregoing”)