# 閔

| 閔 | U+9594, &#38292; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9594 |
| ← 間 [U+9593] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 閕 → [U+9595] |

## Translingual
### Han character

閔 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日弓卜大 (ANYK), four-corner 7740$_0$, composition ⿵門文)
* mourn, grieve
* urge on, incite
* a surname

#### Derived characters

* 𠎓, 𡢄, 憫, 𢵢, 潣, 𣚾, 燘, 𭷴, 𭹺, 𪾽, 𦅤, 𧲃, 簢, 𤺖, 𢡻

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1333, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41251
* Dae Jaweon: page 1839, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4290, character 2
* Unihan data for U+9594

## Chinese

* 閔姓

### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 閔 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 憫 | *mrɯnʔ |
| 閔 | *mrɯnʔ |
| 潣 | *mrɯnʔ, *mɯːlʔ |
| 簢 | *mrɯnʔ |
| 燘 | *mɯːlʔ, *hmɯːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mrɯnʔ) : semantic 門 (“gate”) + phonetic 文 (OC *mɯn)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mǐn (min$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): man$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bín
    (Teochew, Peng'im): miêng$^2$ / miang$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
*** Wade–Giles: min$^3$
*** Yale: mǐn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
*** Palladius: минь (minʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /min²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: man$^5$
*** Yale: máhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: man$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: men$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɐn¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bín
*** Tâi-lô: bín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bien
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bin⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bin⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bin⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /bin⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: miêng$^2$ / miang$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: miéng / miáng
*** Sinological IPA : /mieŋ⁵²/, /miaŋ⁵²/
* miêng2 - Chaozhou;
* miang2 - Shantou.
* Middle Chinese: minX
Rime :
| Character | 閔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (44) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 眉殞切 |
| Baxter | minX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mˠiɪn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mᵚin$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mien$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mjin$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /mjĕn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /mǐĕn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mi̯ĕn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mǐn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | man$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mrə[n]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mrɯnʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 閔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | mǐn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ min$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*mrə[n]ʔ/ |
| English | grieved |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 閔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9154 |
| Phonetic component | 閔 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 愍 |
| Old Chinese | /*mrɯnʔ/ |
| Notes | 說文文聲 |

### Definitions

閔
* to pity; to feel compassion for
    alt. forms: 憫 / 悯 (mǐn), 愍 (mǐn)
* to worry; to concern
* a surname

### Compounds

* 覯閔 / 觏闵 (gòumǐn)
* 謝東閔 / 谢东闵
* 遘閔 / 遘闵
* 閔予小子 / 闵予小子
* 閔免 / 闵免 (mǐnmiǎn)
* 閔凶
* 閔刻本 / 闵刻本
* 閔勉 / 闵勉 (mǐnmiǎn)
* 閔子裡 / 闵子里
* 閔子騫 / 闵子骞
* 閔惜 / 闵惜
* 閔然 / 闵然
* 閔閔 / 闵闵
* 隱閔 / 隐闵

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: みん (min)
* Kan-on: びん (bin)
* Kun: あわれむ (awaremu, 閔れむ)、うれえる (ureeru, 閔える)

## Korean
### Hanja

閔 • (min) (hangeul 민, revised min, McCune–Reischauer min, Yale min)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

閔: Hán Nôm readings: mẫn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.