# baris
## English
### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris), from Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare), from Demotic br, from Egyptian bꜣjr Doublet of barge, bark and barque.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbæɹɪs/
* Rhymes: -æɹɪs

#### Noun

baris (plural baris or barises)
* (historical) A type of flat-bottomed freighter used on the Nile in Ancient Egypt, powered either by sail, or by being towed by a downstream raft driven by the current, while dragging a stone anchor to keep the course steady.

##### Translations

Egyptian: (bꜣjr)
Greek:
Ancient Greek: βᾶρῐς f (bârĭs)
Latin: bāris f, barca f :

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbæɹiz/
* Rhymes: -æɹiz

#### Noun

baris
* plural of bari

### Anagrams

* Bairs, Sabir, Särbi, abris, rabis, sabir

## Esperanto
### Verb

baris
* past of bari

## Ido
### Verb

baris
* past of barar

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay baris.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈbaris/ [ˈba.rɪs]
* Rhymes: -aris
* Syllabification: ba‧ris

### Noun

baris
* row (a line of objects)
    Synonyms: deret, leret, banjar, jajar
* row (a line of entries in a table or the similar)
    Antonym: kolom
* (colloquial) straight line
    Synonyms: garis lurus, coret, setrip
* (colloquial) column (a body of troops or army vehicles)
    Synonyms: barisan, pasukan

### Verb

baris
* (colloquial, uncommon) Synonym of berbaris (“to march”)

#### Derived terms

* baris-berbaris
* barisan
* berbaris
* membaris
* membariskan
* sebaris

#### Notes

This word displace loanwords Dutch rij (“row, line; queque”) and Dutch regel (“line; verse”) by Komisi Bahasa Indonesia as published on Kanpō/Berita Pemerintah No.38 Year III Month 3 (2604) in 1944.

### Further reading

* “baris” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Kavalan
### Noun

baris
* nail (tool)

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek βᾶρις (bâris), from Coptic ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ (baare), from Demotic br, from Egyptian bꜣjr,

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈbaː.ris/, [ˈbäːrɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈba.ris/, [ˈbäːris]

### Noun

bāris f (genitive bāridos); third declension
* baris (a type of flat-bottomed freighter used on the Nile in Ancient Egypt)
** Propertius 3.11.44

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (Greek-type, normal variant).
$^1$In poetry.

#### Descendants

* Late Latin: barca
** Gallo-Italian:
*** Venetan: barca
** Iberian:
*** Old Galician-Portuguese: barca
**** Galician: barca
**** Portuguese: barca
*** Spanish: barca
** East Iberian/Occitano-Romance:
*** Old Occitan: barca
**** Catalan: barca
**** Occitan: barca
** Italo-Dalmatian:
*** Dalmatian: buarca
*** Italian: barca
**** → Hungarian: bárka
**** → Romanian: barcă
**** → Serbo-Croatian: barka
*** Sicilian: varca
** Oïl:
*** Old French: barge
**** Middle French: barge
***** French: barge
****** → Russian: баржа (barža)
**** → Middle English: barge, bargge, baarge, berge, barche
***** English: barge
***** Scots: bairge (possibly)
** Rhaetian:
*** Friulian: barcje
*** Romansch: bartga
** Medieval Latin: barca, barcha, barga
*** → Middle French: barque
**** French: barque
***** → English: barque
****** → Russian: барк (bark)
***** → Faroese: bark
***** → Norwegian: bark
**** → Danish: bark
**** → Irish: bárc
**** → Middle Breton: barc
***** Breton: barc
**** → Middle Dutch: barke
***** Dutch: bark
***** → Middle High German: barke
****** German: Barke
***** → Middle Low German: barke
****** → Russian: барка (barka)
**** → Middle English: barke
***** English: bark
****** → Welsh: barc
** → Byzantine Greek: βάρκα (bárka) (reborrowing)
*** Greek: βάρκα (várka)
**** → Aromanian: varcã

### References

* “baris”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* baris in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Lithuanian
### Noun

baris m
* barium (chemical element)

#### Declension
## Malay
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bä.rɪs/

### Noun

baris (Jawi spelling باريس, plural baris-baris, informal 1st possessive barisku, 2nd possessive barismu, 3rd possessive barisnya)
* row
** A line of objects, often regularly spaced, such as seats in a theatre, vegetable plants in a garden etc.
    Synonyms: deret, leret, banjar, jajar, nirai
** A line of entries in a table, etc., going from left to right, as opposed to a column going from top to bottom.
* (colloquial) marching, placed or situated in a line or lines.
    Synonym: barisan
** line or file of soldiers in a troop
    Synonyms: barisan, kawat, kawad, nirai
* straight line
    Synonyms: garis lurus, coret, coreng, loreng
** any kind of tashkil i.e. diacritical marks used in notating Arabic text
    baris atas: fathah
    baris bawah: kasrah
    baris depan: dhammah
* (colloquial) column, a body of troops or army vehicles, usually strung out along a road.
    Synonyms: barisan, pasukan

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* pembaris [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* barisan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
* berbaris [stative / habitual] (beR-)
* perbarisan [causative passive + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peR- + -an)
* sebaris [immediacy / habitual] (se-)
* sebarisan [immediacy / habitual + timespan / emotion] (se- + -an)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* baris atas
* baris bawah
* baris depan
* berbaris-baris

### References

* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “بارس baris”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 85
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “بارس baris”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 79
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 91

### Further reading

* “baris” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Maranao
### Noun

baris
* vowel point

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

bar +‎ -is

### Adjective

baris
* (slang) bare, shirtless (alternative form of bar)

## Portuguese
### Adjective

baris
* plural of baril