# 戴

| 戴 | U+6234, &#25140; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6234 |
| ← 戳 [U+6233] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 戵 → [U+6235] |
| 戴 | U+FA8C, &#64140; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA8C |
| ← 懲 [U+FA8B] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 揄 → [U+FA8D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

戴 (Kangxi radical 62, 戈+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 十戈田廿金 (JIWTC), four-corner 4385$_0$, composition ⿹𢦏異)

#### Derived characters

* 𠑀, 瀻, 襶

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 414, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11685
* Dae Jaweon: page 758, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1413, character 9
* Unihan data for U+6234
* Unihan data for U+FA8C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 戴 | *ʔl'ɯːɡs |
| 襶 | *tɯːɡs |
| 貸 | *l̥ʰɯːɡs |
| 代 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 袋 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 岱 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 黛 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 玳 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 帒 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 甙 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 酨 | *l'ɯːs, *zlɯːs |
| 試 | *hljɯɡs |
| 弒 | *hljɯɡs |
| 忒 | *l̥ʰɯːɡ |
| 貣 | *l̥ʰɯːɡ, *l'ɯːɡ |
| 鴏 | *l'ɯːɡ |
| 栻 | *l̥ʰɯɡ, *hljɯɡ |
| 侙 | *l̥ʰɯɡ |
| 恜 | *l̥ʰɯɡ |
| 式 | *hljɯɡ |
| 軾 | *hljɯɡ |
| 拭 | *hljɯɡ |
| 鉽 | *hljɯɡ |
| 烒 | *hljɯɡ |
| 弋 | *lɯɡ |
| 芅 | *lɯɡ |
| 黓 | *lɯɡ |
| 隿 | *lɯɡ |
| 杙 | *lɯɡ |
| 釴 | *lɯɡ |
In the oracle bone script, a pictogram (象形) of a person holding something on their head with both hands. Possibly originally the same character as 異 (“person wearing a mask” or “person carrying something on their head”), see there for more.
Later, a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) , with 異 (OC *lɯɡs) serving as the semantic (and also possibly phonetic) component, and either 弋 (OC *lɯɡ), 𢦏 (OC *ʔslɯː), or 之 (OC *tjɯ) acting as a phonetic component.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dài (dai$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): daai$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ai$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): tai
    (Hailu, HRS): dai$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): dai$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dái
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): di$^4$ / doe$^4$ / dai$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tì / tè / tèr / tài
    (Teochew, Peng'im): di$^3$ / do$^3$ / dai$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$te; $^5$ta
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dài
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dài
*** Wade–Giles: tai$^4$
*** Yale: dài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: day
*** Palladius: дай (daj)
*** Sinological IPA : /taɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daai$^3$
*** Yale: daai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːi̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ai$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ai³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tai
*** Hakka Romanization System: dai
*** Hagfa Pinyim: dai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tai̯⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: dai$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /tai¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: dai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /taɪ⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dái
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑi²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: di$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ti⁴²/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: doe$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tø⁴²/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tai⁴²/
* di4 - vernacular;
* doe4 - vernacular (surname);
* dai4 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: tojH
Rime :
| Character | 戴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 都代切 |
| Baxter | tojH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʌi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /təi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tɒi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /təj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tᴀi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tɒi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tɑ̆i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | doi$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.tˤək-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔl'ɯːɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 戴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ toj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.tˁək-s/ |
| English | carry on the head |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 戴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14960 |
| Phonetic component | 弋 |
| Rime group | 代 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 戴 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔl'ɯːɡs/ |
| Notes | 朱駿聲籀文弋聲， 金文異爲戴初文象手護所頂物， 加弋聲轉註，再̩類化訛此 |

### Definitions

戴
* to wear something on the head; to carry on the head
* to put on; to wear (a hat, scarf, jewelry, wristwatch, glasses, flower or other object that is “attached” to the body)
* to support; to bear
* to respect; to esteem
* a surname
    戴季陶 ― Dài Jìtáo ― Dai Jitao

#### Usage notes

* (Modern Standard Chinese) A different verb, 穿 (chuān), is used for articles of clothing including shirts, jackets, trousers/pants, and shoes.

### Compounds

* 不共戴天 (bùgòngdàitiān)
* 乘車戴笠 / 乘车戴笠
* 佩戴 (pèidài)
* 依戴
* 北戴河 (Běidàihé)
* 合菜戴帽
* 含齒戴髮 / 含齿戴发
* 噙齒戴髮 / 噙齿戴发
* 大戴
* 大戴小戴
* 大戴禮 / 大戴礼
* 大戴禮記 / 大戴礼记
* 小戴
* 小戴禮記 / 小戴礼记
* 履戴
* 張冠李戴 / 张冠李戴 (zhāngguānlǐdài)
* 感恩戴德 (gǎn'ēndàidé)
* 感恩戴義 / 感恩戴义
* 愛戴 / 爱戴 (àidài)
* 感戴
* 戴圓履方 / 戴圆履方
* 戴天
* 戴天之仇
* 戴天履地
* 戴奧辛 / 戴奥辛 (dài'àoxīn)
* 戴孝 (dàixiào)
* 戴家場 / 戴家场 (Dàijiāchǎng)
* 戴帽子
* 戴憑奪席 / 戴凭夺席
* 戴憑重席 / 戴凭重席
* 戴星
* 戴月披星
* 戴河 (Dàihé)
* 戴炭簍子 / 戴炭篓子
* 戴白
* 戴盆望天
* 戴目
* 戴禮 / 戴礼
* 戴笠
* 戴笠荷鋤 / 戴笠荷锄
* 戴綠帽子 / 戴绿帽子 (dài lǜmàozi)
* 戴罪圖功 / 戴罪图功
* 戴罪立功 (dàizuìlìgōng)
* 戴逵破琴
* 戴雞佩豚 / 戴鸡佩豚
* 戴頂子 / 戴顶子
* 戴頭識臉 / 戴头识脸
* 戴高帽 (dài gāomào)
* 戴髮含齒 / 戴发含齿
* 披星戴月 (pīxīngdàiyuè)
* 披金戴玉
* 推戴 (tuīdài)
* 插戴 (chādài)
* 擔戴 / 担戴
* 擁戴 / 拥戴 (yōngdài)
* 木匠戴枷
* 欣戴
* 穿戴 (chuāndài)
* 穿金戴銀 / 穿金戴银 (chuānjīndàiyín)
* 穿靴戴帽
* 翊戴
* 翼戴
* 訪戴 / 访戴
* 訢戴 / 䜣戴
* 負山戴岳 / 负山戴岳
* 負戴 / 负戴
* 配戴 (pèidài)
* 重戴
* 頂戴 / 顶戴 (dǐngdài)
* 鼇戴 / 鳌戴

### References

* “Entry #12174”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* “戴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* be crowned with

#### Readings

* Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
* Kun: いただく (itadaku, 戴く)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 戴 (MC tojH). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄃᆡ〯 (tǒy) (Yale: tǒy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tɛ(ː)] ~ [te̞(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [대(ː)/데(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 戴 (eumhun 일 대 (il dae))
* hanja form of 대 (“to esteem”)

#### Compounds

* 대관 (戴冠, daegwan)
* 봉대 (奉戴, bongdae)
* 추대 (推戴, chudae)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

戴: Hán Nôm readings: dải, đái, trải
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.