# 咧

| 咧 | U+54A7, &#21671; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54A7 |
| ← 咦 [U+54A6] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 咨 → [U+54A8] |

## Translingual
### Han character

咧 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口一弓弓 (RMNN), four-corner 6200$_0$, composition ⿰口列)
* stretched mouth, grimace, grin

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 186, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3536
* Dae Jaweon: page 405, character 31
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 613, character 16
* Unihan data for U+54A7

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth; speech”) + phonetic 列 (OC *red).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liē, lié (lie$^1$, lie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄝ, ㄌㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lit$^6$ / le$^2$ / le$^1$ / le$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lia̍t
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liē
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lie
*** Wade–Giles: lieh$^1$
*** Yale: lyē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lhie
*** Palladius: ле (le)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛ⁵⁵/
** (Beijing dialect)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lié
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lié
*** Wade–Giles: lieh$^2$
*** Yale: lyé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lie
*** Palladius: ле (le)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lit$^6$ / le$^2$ / le$^1$ / le$^4$
*** Yale: liht / lé / lē / lèh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lit$^9$ / le$^2$ / le$^1$ / le$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lid$^6$ / lé$^2$ / lé$^1$ / lé$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /liːt̚²/, /lɛː³⁵/, /lɛː⁵⁵/, /lɛː²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: lia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /liɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛt̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /liɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛt̚⁴/

#### Definitions

咧
* To grimace

#### Compounds

* 乾巴疵咧 / 干巴疵咧
* 咧咧 (liēlie)
* 咧子
* 咧熊
* 大大咧咧
* 白不呲咧
* 罵罵咧咧 / 骂骂咧咧
* 醉咧咧兒 / 醉咧咧儿

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liě (lie$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄝˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liě
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liě
*** Wade–Giles: lieh$^3$
*** Yale: lyě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liee
*** Palladius: ле (le)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛ²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

咧
* to draw back the corners of one's mouth

#### Compounds

* 咧嘴 (liězuǐ)
* 齜牙咧嘴 / 龇牙咧嘴 (zīyáliězuǐ)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lie, liē (lie$^5$／lie$^0$, lie$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ˙ㄌㄧㄝ, ㄌㄧㄝ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lie
*** Zhuyin: ˙ㄌㄧㄝ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lie̊
*** Wade–Giles: lieh$^5$
*** Yale: lye
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .lie
*** Palladius: ле (le)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛ/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liē
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lie
*** Wade–Giles: lieh$^1$
*** Yale: lyē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lhie
*** Palladius: ле (le)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛ⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

咧 (dialectal)
* Synonym of 了 (le)
* Synonym of 啦 (la)

### Etymology 4

See 佇咧.

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): le̍h / --leh / lér / teh / leh / lé
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: le̍h
*** Tâi-lô: le̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: leh
*** IPA (Xiamen): /leʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /leʔ⁴³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --leh
*** Tâi-lô: --leh
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lér
*** Tâi-lô: lér
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lə⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: teh
*** Tâi-lô: teh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: deq
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /teʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: leh
*** Tâi-lô: leh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: leq
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /leʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lé
*** Tâi-lô: lé
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lea
*** IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /le⁵⁵⁴/

#### Definitions

咧
* (Southern Min) in the process of; currently (placed before the verb)
    我咧食飯。／我咧食饭。 [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― Góa teh chia̍h-pn̄g. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― I'm eating.
* (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang and Philippine Hokkien) in; at; on (placed after verbs indicating a change of location or position)
* (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) give something a go; give something a try
       Chia khǹg--leh tio̍h hó--ah. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       Just put it here.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 正在, 刻正 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 正在, 在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 正在, 在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 正在, 在 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 正在, 在 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 在 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 喺度, 喺處, 響度, 響處 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 喺度, 喺處, 響度, 響處 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 喺度 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 當, 在該, 當在 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 當, 在該 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 當, 在該 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 當, 在該 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 當, 在該 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 正在, 在遐 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 著𡅏, 𡅏 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 著𡅏 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 著𡅏 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 佇咧, 咧, 當咧, 拄咧, 拄佇咧 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 佇咧, 咧, 當咧, 拄咧, 拄佇咧 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 咧, 當咧, 拄咧, 當時 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 佇咧, 咧, 當咧 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 佇 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 佇, 佇咧 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 佇咧, 咧 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 在 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 在 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 在 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 垃, 垃垃, 垃拉, 垃海, 垃該 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 來, 來的, 來該, 來當, 來東, 來勒 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 是, 是搭 |

#### Compounds

* 佇咧
* 咧欲
* 拄佇咧
* 拄咧
* 當咧 / 当咧

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lēi (lei$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄟ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): --leh / --lé
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lēi
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lei
*** Wade–Giles: lei$^1$
*** Yale: lēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lhei
*** Palladius: лэй (lɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /leɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --leh
*** Tâi-lô: --leh
** (Hokkien: Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --lé
*** Tâi-lô: --lé

#### Definitions

咧
* Sentence-final particle signalling emphasis of the preceding words.
* Sentence-final interrogative particle used to express doubt.
       Lí hó--bô? Góa chin hó. Lí--leh? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       Are you well? I'm quite well. How about you?

#### Descendants

* → English: leh

### Usage notes

Most commonly written as 嘞 in Mandarin.

### Etymology 6
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lē
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Tong'an)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lē
*** Tâi-lô: lē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: le
*** IPA (Tong'an): /le²²/

#### Definitions

咧
* (Tong'an Hokkien) to joke; to kid; to make a joke; to joke around

##### Synonyms

* 作弄 (zuònòng)
* 僝僽 (chánzhòu) (literary)
* 刺 (literary, or in compounds)
* 刺溪 (chié-*kă̤) (Eastern Min)
* 創弄 / 创弄 (Hokkien)
* 創景 / 创景 (Hokkien)
* 創治 / 创治 (chhòng-tī) (Hokkien)
* 剾損 / 𠛅损 (Hokkien)
* 剾洗 / 𠛅洗 (khau-sé) (Hokkien)
* 剾洗 / 𠛅洗 (Hokkien)
* 剾褻 / 𠛅亵 (Hokkien)
* 𠢕滾 / 𠢕滚 (Hokkien)
* 取樂 / 取乐 (qǔlè)
* 取笑 (qǔxiào)
* 呾笑話 / 呾笑话 (dan$^3$ cio$^3$ uê$^7$) (Teochew)
* 呾耍笑 (Teochew)
* 嗤笑 (chīxiào)
* 嘲弄 (cháonòng)
* 嘲笑 (cháoxiào)
* 嘲訕 / 嘲讪 (cháoshàn)
* 嘲諷 / 嘲讽 (cháofěng)
* 嘲謔 / 嘲谑 (cháoxuè)
* 奚落 (xīluò)
* 尋開心 / 寻开心 (Wu)
* 巴銳 / 巴锐 (Hokkien)
* 恥笑 / 耻笑 (chǐxiào)
* 戲弄 / 戏弄 (xìnòng)
* 戲謔 / 戏谑 (xìxuè)
* 挖苦 (wākǔ)
* 捉弄 (zhuōnòng)
* 損 / 损 (sǔn) (colloquial)
* 撩 (Hakka)
* 撚化 (nan$^2$ faa$^3$) (Cantonese)
* 撮弄 (cuōnòng) (literary)
* 擺弄 / 摆弄
* 消遣 (xiāoqiǎn)
* 湊趣 / 凑趣 (còuqù)
* 𤊶人 (Hakka)
* 玩 (colloquial)
* 玩弄
* 笑 (xiào)
* 笑話 / 笑话 (xiàohuà)
* 耍 (shuǎ)
* 耍弄 (shuǎnòng)
* 耍忽 (sua$^2$ huah$^4$) (Jin)
* 落八 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 見笑 / 见笑 (jiànxiào)
* 訕笑 / 讪笑 (shànxiào)
* 詼謔 / 诙谑 (huīxuè)
* 說風涼話 / 说风凉话 (shuō fēngliánghuà)
* 調笑 / 调笑 (tiáoxiào)
* 諦 / 谛 (dai$^3$) (Cantonese)
* 諷刺 / 讽刺 (fěngcì)
* 謔潲 / 谑潲 (Hokkien)
* 謔燒 / 谑烧 (Hokkien)
* 講笑 / 讲笑 (Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien)
* 講耍笑 / 讲耍笑 (Hokkien)
* 譏刺 / 讥刺 (jīcì)
* 譏嘲 / 讥嘲 (jīcháo)
* 譏笑 / 讥笑 (jīxiào)
* 譏誚 / 讥诮 (jīqiào) (literary)
* 譏諷 / 讥讽 (jīfěng)
* 變弄 / 变弄 (Hokkien)
* 𧮙 (Wu)
* 起鬨 / 起哄 (qǐhòng)
* 輕體 / 轻体 (Hokkien)
* 逗 (dòu)
* 逗弄
* 鄙笑 (Hokkien)
* 酸笑 (Hokkien)
* 鈍 / 钝 (Wu)
* 開心 / 开心 (kāixīn)
* 開涮 / 开涮 (kāishuàn) (colloquial)
* 開玩笑 / 开玩笑 (kāi wánxiào)
* 鬧玩笑 / 闹玩笑 (nào wánxiào)
* 齒冷 / 齿冷 (chǐlěng) (literary)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 開玩笑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 開玩笑, 打哈哈 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 開玩笑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 開玩笑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 開哏 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 開玩笑, 打哈哈 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 開玩笑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 涮罈子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 科心, 科德行, 鬥散放 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 講笑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 尋開心 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 開心 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 開心, 開玩笑 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 講笑 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 講笑 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 講笑 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 攪笑 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 講笑 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 開玩笑 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 講笑 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 講笑, 開玩笑 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 耍笑, 開玩笑 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 𡛴, 𡛴嬉 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 講笑, 蠻笑, 做暢 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 滾笑, 講笑, 嘩, 摽, 摽笑 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 咧 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 滾笑, 講笑, 嘩, 摽, 摽笑 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 滾笑, 講笑, 𠢕滾, 戲謔, 嘩, 摽, 摽笑 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 講摽笑 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 滾笑 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 講笑詼 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 講耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 滾笑, 滾耍笑, 講耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 講耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 滾笑 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 𠢕滾, 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 滾笑, 講笑, 講耍笑, 耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 摽, 摽笑, 滾笑, 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 呾耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 呾耍 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 呾耍 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 呾耍笑, 呾相耍, 呾耍 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 呾耍笑, 呾耍, 呾笑 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 講笑 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 講笑 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 尋開心, 開玩笑, 打棚, 摟白相, 話白相, 講白相 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 尋開心 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 尋開心, 打棚, 摟白相, 捉弄, 弄白相, 講白相, 講張 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 尋開心 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 尋開心 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 講笑, 講取笑 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 鬥霸, 鬥放子, 講笑 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 鬥散放, 打豪 |

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00314
* “咧”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Query for 咧”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): れつ (retsu)、れち (rechi)

## Korean
### Hanja

咧 • (ryeol) (hangeul 렬)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

咧: Hán Nôm readings: lác, sẹt, liệt, sèn, xẹt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation