# φρονέω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From o-grade of the root of φρήν (phrḗn, “mind”) +‎ -έω (-éō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʰro.né.ɔː/ → /ɸroˈne.o/ → /froˈne.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pʰro.né.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /pʰroˈne.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ɸroˈne.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /froˈne.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /froˈne.o/

### Verb

φρονέω • (phronéō)
* to think, to have understanding, to be wise, prudent
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.79
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 176
** 470 BCE, Aeschylus, The Suppliants 204, (compare 176)
** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 617
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, 1348
** 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, Collected Works 115.4
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 5.5.44
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, First Alcibiades 133C
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 11B
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 266B
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes 319.28
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 312
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 712A
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 753
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 1252
** 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Collected Works 19.34
* to be minded in a certain way, to mean, intend, purpose
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.98
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.286, (compare 9.608)
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.124
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.135
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.310
** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 272
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.46
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.85
** (with a neuter adjective)
*** to have certain thoughts towards someone
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.219, (compare Odyssey 6.213)
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.264
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.701
**** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 4.155
**** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 3.30
**** 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 577
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 7.74
**** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1436
**** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 774
**** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, Collected Works 20.16
**** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Collected Works 39C
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.162
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.43
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.596
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.542
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.567
**** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 989, (compare Homer, Iliad 6.400)
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.445
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.85
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.441
**** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 515
**** 438 BCE, Euripides, Alcestis 799
**** 360 BCE, Plato, Timaeus 90C
**** 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 425
**** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 777
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 8.7.3
**** 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Timon 57
**** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 228
**** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 507
**** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 821
**** New Testament, Epistle to the Romans 8:5
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.23
*** (preceded by μέγα (méga)) to be high-minded, to have high thoughts, to be sprited and bold
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.296
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.156
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.758
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.325, (compare Xenophon, Cyropaedia 7.5.62)
**** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 1078, (compare Lysias, Collected Works 195.14, Isocrates, Collected Works 67E)
**** (in Attic, in a bad sense) to be heady, presumptuous, conceited, proud
***** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 217A
***** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 342A
***** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.16
***** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 7.1.27
***** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.6.8
***** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.5.21
***** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 768
***** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Collected Works 141B
***** 430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 933
***** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 257E
***** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Agesilaus 2.5
***** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes 836.11
***** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hipparchicus 7.3
***** 428 BCE, Euripides, Hippolytus 6
***** 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Collected Works 44.36
***** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 2.3.13
***** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 198D
***** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 5.4.45
***** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 217A
*** to agree, to side with
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.162
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.102
**** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 491
**** 421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 623
**** 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 577
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.7.30
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.145, (compare Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.22)
**** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Collected Works 184D
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.50, (compare Sophocles, Antigone 374)
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.60
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.3
**** 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 634
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.345
**** 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Apollo 469
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.54
**** 361 BCE – 291 BCE, Dinarchus, 96 15
* to have a thing in one's mind, mind, take heed
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.136
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.193
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.281
** 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Collected Works 67.11
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.116, (compare Homer, Iliad 2.36)
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.82
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.16
** New Testament, Epistle to the Romans 14:6
* to be in possession of one's senses, to be sensible, to be alive
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.59
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 517
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 554
** 360 BCE, Plato, The Sophist 249A
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 82, (compare 344)
** 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 853
** 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 1129
** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Collected Works 85E, (compare Xenophon, Memorabilia 1.3.12)
** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 385, (compare Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1666)
** 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 1329
** 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 332
** 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 851
** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 817
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 942
** 407 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis 924
** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Hippias Minor 371A

#### Derived terms

* ἀλλοτριοφρονέω (allotriophronéō)
* ἀλλοφρονέω (allophronéō)
* ἀναφρονέω (anaphronéō)
* ἀντικαταφρονέω (antikataphronéō)
* ἀντιμεγαλοφρονέω (antimegalophronéō)
* ἀφρονέω (aphronéō)
* διαφρονέω (diaphronéō)
* διχοφρονέω (dikhophronéō)
* δολοφρονέων (dolophronéōn)
* ἐκφρονέω (ekphronéō)
* ἐμφρονέω (emphronéō)
* ἐπιφρονέω (epiphronéō)
* ἑτεροφρονέω (heterophronéō)
* εὐφρονέων (euphronéōn)
* ἐχεφρονέω (ekhephronéō)
* θεοφρονέω (theophronéō)
* κακοφρονέω (kakophronéō)
* καταφρονέω (kataphronéō)
* ματαιοφρονέω (mataiophronéō)
* μεγαλοφρονέω (megalophronéō)
* μετεωροφρονέω (meteōrophronéō)
* μετριοφρονέω (metriophronéō)
* ὀλοφρονέω (olophronéō)
* ὁμοφρονέω (homophronéō)
* παραιφρονέω (paraiphronéō)
* παραφρονέω (paraphronéō)
* περισσοφρονέω (perissophronéō)
* περιφρονέω (periphronéō)
* προσκαταφρονέω (proskataphronéō)
* σαοφρονέω (saophronéō)
* συμφρονέω (sumphronéō)
* συσσωφρονέω (sussōphronéō)
* σωφρονέω (sōphronéō)
* ταπεινοφρονέω (tapeinophronéō)
* ὑπερφρονέω (huperphronéō)
* ὑποκαταφρονέω (hupokataphronéō)
* ὑψηλοφρονέω (hupsēlophronéō)
* φρόνησις (phrónēsis)
* χαλιφρονέω (khaliphronéō)

### Further reading

* “φρονέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “φρονέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “φρονέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* φρονέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* φρονέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “φρονέω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G5426 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible