# juba
## English
### Noun

juba (plural jubas)
* An American dance of West African origin that involves stomping as well as slapping and patting the arms, legs, chest, and cheeks.
** 2009 April 23, Patrick Healy, “Director’s Race Adds to Drama for an August Wilson Revival”, in New York Times‎:His cast and Ms. Romero offered advice and insights on everything from the kind of coat that a central character would wear to the staging of the juba, an African dance at the end of Act I.

### Anagrams

* Juab

## Estonian
### Etymology

Related to ju (“after all”), with an emphatic particle from Proto-Finnic *-pa. By formation, compare Finnish jopa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjub̥ɑ/, [ˈjüb̥ɑ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ubɑ
* Hyphenation: ju‧ba

### Adverb

juba (not comparable)
* Indicating that an activity, state, etc. has begun or has ended, implying that it was not the case before; already
    Ma juba tulen. ― I'm already on my way.
    Me juba tunneme teineteist. ― We already know each other.
    Ööd on juba valged. ― The nights are already bright.
    Päike on juba loojunud. ― The Sun has already set.
    Toas on juba soojem. ― The room already feels warmer.
    Lilled on juba õitsenud. ― The flowers have already bloomed.
    Olen uue tööga juba harjunud. ― I have become used to my new job.
    Ma juba peaaegu uskusin sind. ― I almost believed you.
    Poiss on juba 180 cm pikk. ― The boy is already 180 cm tall.
    Olen juba 50-aastane. ― I'm already 50 years old.
    Tüdruk õppis juba 4-aastaselt lugema. ― The girl learned to read at the age of 4.
    Juba tulebki koju minna. ― It's already time to go home.
* Emphasising that a situation has been going on for a relatively long time or has recurred.
    juba ammu ― a long time ago
    Elame juba kaua ühe katuse all. ― We have been living under the same roof for a long time.
    Ootan siin juba üle tunni. ― I've been waiting here for over an hour.
    Jüri tundis Antsu juba lapsepõlvest. ― George has known Tony since childhood.
    See on juba kolmas noomitus. ― This is your third warning.
* (in imperative and optative clauses) Expressing a desire for something to happen as soon as possible.
    Aitab juba! ― That's enough now!
    Kui eksamid juba mööda saaks... ― If only the exam period ended...

### Particle

juba
* Emphasising certain words.
    Seda juba ei juhtu. ― That's not going to happen.
    See juba sobib! ― That's more like it!/Now you're talking! (literally, “That fits!”)
    Tööd juba jätkub. ― We have plenty of work.
    Meist juba jagu ei saa. ― There's no beating us.
    Tema juba kartma ei löö. ― (S)he's not one to get frightened.
    Küll teie juba teate. ― You will know.
    Oi, see oleks juba huvitav! ― Oh, now that would be interesting!
    See on juba tema moodi. ― That's more like him/her.
    Kui juba teha, siis hästi. ― If you're going to do it, do it well.
** just, ... alone; the mere, the very
    Juba see mõtegi on hirmus. ― Just the thought of it is terrifying.
    Juba seetõttu, et... ― Simply because.../For the mere reason, that...
** even
    Kui juba Ants ei oska, siis ei oska keegi. ― If even Tony can't do it, then no one can.
** Emphasising an amount; furthermore, in addition
    Andke juba veel 10 muna. ― Why don't you give me 10 more eggs, while you're at it?
* (archaic) Expressing strong doubt.
** 1888, Eduard Vilde, Vigased pruudid, Tallinn: K. Busch, page 30:„Hem, hem!” tegi Jooſep, „aga kas ei annaks teie uued koſilaſed kudagi järele?” „Juba nad annawad,” tähendas Miina tihkudes; […]["Hem, hem!" tegi Joosep. "Aga kas ei annaks teie uued kosilased järele?" "Juba nad annavad!" tähendas Miina tihkudes.]"Ahem!" Joseph uttered. "But won't your new suitors give in?" "Hardly!" said Miina, with a whimper.
* (obsolete) probably, presumably
    Synonym: (modern) ju
** 1922, A. H. Tammsaare, chapter 7, in Kõrboja peremees, Tallinn: Maa, →ISBN, page 58:„Eks see ükskõik ei ole, missuguse rahaga osteti,” arwas Anna. „Juba ta siis ei ole, et nad nõnda ütlewad,” wastas Rein tütrele."It does matter what money was used to buy it," Anna thought. "Then it probably does, if they say so," Rein replied to his daughter.

#### Usage notes

If the clause being emphasised is considered to be common knowledge, ju is used instead.

#### Related terms

* ju

### References

* juba in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
* “juba”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin iuba (“mane”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʒu.bɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʒu.bɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈʒu.ba/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʒu.bɐ/ [ˈʒu.βɐ]
* Rhymes: -ubɐ
* Hyphenation: ju‧ba

### Noun

juba f (plural jubas)
* mane (lion)
* head of hair
    Synonym: trunfa

### References

* ↑ “juba”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* ↑ “juba”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Noun

juba f (plural jubas)
* Synonym of aljuba

### Further reading

* “juba”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Yoruba
### Alternative forms

* جُبَ

### Etymology

From jú +‎ ìbà.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒú.bà/

### Verb

júbà
* to venerate, honor, revere, pay homage