# guma
## Afar
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡuˈma/ [ɡʊˈmʌ]
* Hyphenation: gu‧ma

### Noun

gumá f (singulative gumáytu m)
* (collective) vultures

#### Declension
### References

* E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “guma”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN

## Czech
### Alternative forms

* gumma (obsolete)

### Etymology

Borrowed from German Gumma, from New Latin gumma, from Latin gummi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡuma]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uma
* Hyphenation: gu‧ma

### Noun

guma f
* rubber (material)
* eraser, rubber
* (informal) condom

#### Derived terms

* gumáky
* gumárna
* gumovat
* gumovník
* gumový

### Further reading

* “guma”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “guma”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Gothic
### Romanization

guma
* Romanization of 𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰

## Hausa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡú.màː/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [ɡʷʊ́.màː]

### Verb

gumā̀ (grade 1)
* to fill one's mouth with a liquid

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From gum (“exaggeration, boasting”) +‎ -a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʏːma/
* Rhymes: -ʏːma

### Verb

guma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative gumaði, supine gumað)
* (intransitive) to boast, to exaggerate [with af]
    Synonym: stæra sig

#### Conjugation
## Irish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

guma m (genitive singular guma, nominative plural gumaí)
* (arboriculture) gum
* (chewing-)gum
    Synonym: guma coganta

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
guma
gumaí
vocative
a ghuma
a ghumaí
genitive
guma
gumaí
dative
guma
gumaí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an guma
na gumaí
genitive
an ghuma
na ngumaí
dative
leis an nguma don ghuma
leis na gumaí :

#### Derived terms

* crann guma (“gum-tree”)
* guma a chur ar rud (“to gum something”)
* guma arabach (“gum arabic”)
* guma nicitín (“nicotine gum”)
* guma peirc (“gutta-percha”)
* gumach (“gummy”, adjective)
* gumaigh (“gum”, transitive verb)
* gumleaistic (“gum elastic”)
* gumroisín (“gum resin”)
* póirín guma (“sweetmeat”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “guma”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “guma”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “guma”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Lithuanian
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Borrowed from Polish guma.”

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

gumà f (plural gùmos) stress pattern 4
* gum
* rubber

#### Declension
## Maguindanao
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish goma.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Maguindanaon) IPA: /ˈɡuma/ [ˈɡu.mʌ]
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: gu‧ma

### Noun

guma (Jawi spelling ݢُوْمَ)
* rubber
    Synonym: guta

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *gumō.
Cognate with Old Saxon gumo, Old High German gumo, gomo, Old Norse gumi (Icelandic gumi and Norwegian gume), Gothic 𐌲𐌿𐌼𐌰 (guma), Latin homō, Proto-Balto-Slavic *źmṓ (Lithuanian žmogùs).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡu.mɑ/

### Noun

guma m (nominative plural guman)
* (poetic) man, hero
** c. 975–1025, Beowulf (Cotton MS Vitellius A XV)‎, published 4th quarter 10th century–2nd half 16th century, lines 20–21:Swā sceal geong guma · gōde gewyrcean, / fromum feoh-giftum · on fæder bearmeSo should a young man do good deeds / by fine treasure-gifts while in his father's keeping

#### Declension

Weak:

#### Synonyms

* beorn
* hæleþ
* mæċġ
* mann
* rinc
* secg
* wer

#### Derived terms

* brȳdguma
* gumcynn

#### Descendants

* Middle English: gome, gom, gomme, gone, goom, goome, gume
** English: gome
** Scots: gome

## Old Norse
### Noun

guma
* inflection of gumi:
** indefinite accusative singular/plural
** indefinite dative/genitive singular

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Gumma, from New Latin gumma, from Latin gummi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡu.ma/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uma
* Syllabification: gu‧ma

### Noun

guma f (diminutive gumka)
* rubber (substance)
* chewing gum
* (colloquial) flat tire
* (colloquial) rubber, condom

#### Derived terms

* gumowy
* asfaltoguma
* guma balonowa
* gumka

#### See also

* złapać gumę

### Further reading

* guma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* guma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Etymology 1

From gumă +‎ -a.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡuˈma]

#### Verb

a guma (third-person singular present gumează, past participle gumat) 1st conjugation
* to gum

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡuma]

#### Noun

guma f
* definite nominative/accusative singular of gumă

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From Latin gummi/cummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi), from Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”), qmyt (“acanthus resin, gum”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡûma/
* Hyphenation: gu‧ma

### Noun

gȕma f (Cyrillic spelling гу̏ма)
* rubber
* tyre / tire
* chewing gum

#### Synonyms

* žvaka (chewing gum)

## Sidamo
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡuma/
* Hyphenation: gu‧ma

### Noun

guma m (plural gumma f)
* fruit, berry

### References

* Kazuhiro Kawachi (2007) A grammar of Sidaama (Sidamo), a Cushitic language of Ethiopia, page 81
* Gizaw Shimelis, editor (2007), “guma”, in Sidaama-Amharic-English dictionary, Addis Ababa: Sidama Information and Culture department

## West Makian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡu.ma/

### Verb

guma
* (stative) to be full

#### Conjugation
### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics