# 引

| 引 | U+5F15, &#24341; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F15 |
| ← 弔 [U+5F14] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 弖 → [U+5F16] |

## Translingual
### Han character

引 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓中 (NL), four-corner 1220$_0$, composition ⿰弓丨)

#### Derived characters

* 𠇁, 吲, 𡛅, 𢏄, 𢪉, 𪵰, 𣏖, 䏖, 𫸬, 䀕, 矧, 粌, 紖(纼), 𦙢, 蚓, 𠒒, 訠, 𮚵, 𧿯, 𨈧, 𮝅, 鈏, 靷, 𮡕, 𫙒
* 𭚭, 𫸷, 𠀓, 𬻏, 𡗵, 䒡, 䇙, 㽼

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 356, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9699
* Dae Jaweon: page 672, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 988, character 5
* Unihan data for U+5F15

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 引 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 紖 | *l'inʔ |
| 矧 | *hlinʔ |
| 訠 | *hlinʔ |
| 弞 | *hlinʔ, *linʔ |
| 引 | *linʔ, *lins |
| 蚓 | *linʔ |
| 鈏 | *linʔ, *lins |
| 靷 | *linʔ, *lins |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 弓 (“bow”) + 丨 (“line”) – the line radical represents a bow string which is pulled.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǐn (yin$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yîn / yín
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yin$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): īng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ing$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): íⁿ / ín
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ing$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǐn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǐn
*** Wade–Giles: yin$^3$
*** Yale: yǐn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiin
*** Palladius: инь (inʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /in²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^5$
*** Yale: yáhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn¹³/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn / yín
*** Hakka Romanization System: in$^ˊ$ / in$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yin$^1$ / yin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /in²⁴/, /in³¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn / yín
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)in$^ˊ$ / (r)in$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yin$^1$ / yin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)in²⁴/, /(j)in³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /in³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: īng
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ing$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ing$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: íⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: ínn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: vie
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ĩ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ín
*** Tâi-lô: ín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ien
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /in⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /in⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /in⁴¹/
* íⁿ - vernacular;
* ín - literary.
* Middle Chinese: yinX, yinH
Rime :
| Character | 引 | 引 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 余忍切 | 羊晉切 |
| Baxter | yinX | yinH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiɪn$^X$/ | /jiɪn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jin$^X$/ | /jin$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jen$^X$/ | /jen$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jin$^X$/ | /jin$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /iĕn$^X$/ | /iĕn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭĕn$^X$/ | /jĭĕn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ĕn$^X$/ | /i̯ĕn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǐn | yìn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jan$^5$ | jan$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*li[n]ʔ/, /*li[n]ʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*linʔ/, /*lins/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 引 | 引 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yǐn | yǐn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yin$^X$ › | ‹ yin$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*li[n]ʔ/ | /*li[n]ʔ-s/ |
| English | draw the bow | draw the bow |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 引 | 引 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 15306 | 15312 |
| Phonetic component | 引 | 引 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 引 | 𦙍 |
| Old Chinese | /*linʔ/ | /*lins/ |

#### Definitions

引
* to pull, draw out, attract
* to stretch
* to lead
* to induce
* to recommend (Can we add an example for this sense?)
* to reference, to quote
* to leave
* (music) prelude
* (archaic) sales permit
(Can we add an example for this sense?) (particularly for the sense " to lead")

#### Compounds

* 交引
* 做引線 / 做引线
* 公引 (gōngyǐn)
* 勾大引小
* 勾引 (gōuyǐn)
* 升引
* 名高引謗 / 名高引谤
* 吸引 (xīyǐn)
* 吸引力 (xīyǐnlì)
* 呼朋引伴
* 呼朋引類 / 呼朋引类
* 噴射引擎 / 喷射引擎
* 地心引力 (dìxīn yǐnlì)
* 執引 / 执引
* 外引
* 奉引
* 尋引 / 寻引
* 導引 / 导引 (dǎoyǐn)
* 導引之術 / 导引之术
* 導引大全 / 导引大全
* 導引系統 / 导引系统
* 導引胎息 / 导引胎息
* 小引 (xiǎoyǐn)
* 引人 (yǐnrén)
* 引人側目 / 引人侧目
* 引人入勝 / 引人入胜 (yǐnrénrùshèng)
* 引人注目 (yǐnrénzhùmù)
* 引人矚目 / 引人瞩目
* 引人遐思
* 引人非議 / 引人非议
* 引介 (yǐnjiè)
* 引以為傲 / 引以为傲 (yǐnyǐwéi'ào)
* 引以為戒 / 引以为戒 (yǐnyǐwéijiè)
* 引以為榮 / 引以为荣 (yǐnyǐwéiróng)
* 引以為鑑 / 引以为鉴 (yǐnyǐwéijiàn)
* 引以為鑒 / 引以为鉴 (yǐnyǐwéijiàn)
* 引以自豪
* 引信 (yǐnxìn)
* 引光奴
* 引入歧途
* 引兵 (yǐnbīng)
* 引出 (yǐnchū)
* 引分
* 引力 (yǐnlì)
* 引動 / 引动 (yǐndòng)
* 引吭
* 引吭高歌
* 引咎 (yǐnjiù)
* 引咎自責 / 引咎自责
* 引咎責躬 / 引咎责躬
* 引咎辭職 / 引咎辞职
* 引商刻羽
* 引喻失義 / 引喻失义 (yǐnyùshīyì)
* 引地
* 引嫌
* 引子 (yǐnzi)
* 引對 / 引对
* 引導 / 引导 (yǐndǎo)
* 引布
* 引年
* 引得 (yǐndé)
* 引慝
* 引手
* 引接 (yǐnjiē)
* 引據 / 引据
* 引擎 (yǐnqíng)
* 引數 / 引数 (yǐnshù)
* 引文 (yǐnwén)
* 引服
* 引枕
* 引柴 (yǐnchái)
* 引格
* 引橋 / 引桥
* 引氣 / 引气
* 引水 (yǐnshuǐ)
* 引水人 (yínshuǐrén)
* 引水入牆 / 引水入墙
* 引水權 / 引水权
* 引決 / 引决 (yǐnjué)
* 引河 (yǐnhé)
* 引流 (yǐnliú)
* 引渡 (yǐndù)
* 引港 (yǐngǎng)
* 引渡法
* 引滿 / 引满
* 引潮力
* 引火 (yǐnhuǒ)
* 引火燒身 / 引火烧身 (yǐnhuǒshāoshēn)
* 引火線 / 引火线
* 引火自焚
* 引火點 / 引火点
* 引燃 (yǐnrán)
* 引爆 (yǐnbào)
* 引狗入寨
* 引狼入室 (yǐnlángrùshì)
* 引玉之磚 / 引玉之砖 (yǐnyùzhīzhuān)
* 引產 / 引产 (yǐnchǎn)
* 引用 (yǐnyòng)
* 引申 (yǐnshēn)
* 引申義 / 引申义 (yǐnshēnyì)
* 引疾
* 引發 / 引发 (yǐnfā)
* 引發物質 / 引发物质
* 引磬
* 引票
* 引稅 / 引税
* 引種 / 引种
* 引經據典 / 引经据典 (yǐnjīngjùdiǎn)
* 引經據古 / 引经据古
* 引線 / 引线 (yǐnxiàn)
* 引線穿針 / 引线穿针
* 引繩批根 / 引绳批根
* 引繩排根 / 引绳排根
* 引而不發 / 引而不发 (yǐn'érbùfā)
* 引臂
* 引致 (yǐnzhì)
* 引航 (yǐnháng)
* 引薦 / 引荐 (yǐnjiàn)
* 引虎自衛 / 引虎自卫
* 引號 / 引号 (yǐnhào)
* 引袋
* 引見 / 引见 (yǐnjiàn)
* 引言 (yǐnyán)
* 引誘 / 引诱 (yǐnyòu)
* 引調 / 引调
* 引課 / 引课
* 引證 / 引证 (yǐnzhèng)
* 引起 (yǐnqǐ)
* 引足救經 / 引足救经
* 引路 (yǐnlù)
* 引路人
* 引路幡
* 引軍 / 引军 (yǐnjūn)
* 引述 (yǐnshù)
* 引退 (yǐntuì)
* 引逗 (yǐndòu)
* 引進 / 引进 (yǐnjìn)
* 引道
* 引邁 / 引迈
* 引避
* 引重
* 引錐刺股 / 引锥刺股
* 引領 / 引领 (yǐnlǐng)
* 引領企踵 / 引领企踵
* 引領而望 / 引领而望
* 引頸 / 引颈 (yǐnjǐng)
* 引頭 / 引头
* 引頸受戮 / 引颈受戮
* 引頸受死 / 引颈受死
* 引頸就戮 / 引颈就戮
* 引頸翹望 / 引颈翘望
* 引類呼朋 / 引类呼朋
* 引風吹火 / 引风吹火
* 引首
* 引首章
* 引騶 / 引驺
* 引鬥 / 引斗
* 引鬼上門 / 引鬼上门
* 引魂旛
* 徵引 / 征引 (zhēngyǐn)
* 扶引
* 招引 (zhāoyǐn)
* 拋磚引玉 / 抛砖引玉 (pāozhuānyǐnyù)
* 招蜂引蝶
* 指引 (zhǐyǐn)
* 接引
* 搜尋引擎 / 搜寻引擎 (sōuxún yǐnqíng)
* 援引 (yuányǐn)
* 摘引 (zhāiyǐn)
* 擢引
* 攀親引戚 / 攀亲引戚
* 救經引足 / 救经引足
* 文引
* 旁徵博引 / 旁征博引 (pángzhēngbóyǐn)
* 日引月長 / 日引月长
* 曠日引久 / 旷日引久
* 曠日引月 / 旷日引月
* 曳引機 / 曳引机
* 曳引車 / 曳引车
* 東引 / 东引 (Dōngyǐn)
* 款引
* 歸向導引 / 归向导引
* 汲引
* 汽油引擎
* 燒紙引鬼 / 烧纸引鬼
* 牽引 / 牵引 (qiānyǐn)
* 牽引機 / 牵引机
* 牽引療法 / 牵引疗法
* 王引之
* 發引 / 发引
* 萬有引力 / 万有引力 (wànyǒu yǐnlì)
* 稱引 / 称引 (chēngyǐn)
* 穿壁引光
* 穿針引線 / 穿针引线 (chuānzhēnyǐnxiàn)
* 箜篌引
* 索引 (suǒyǐn)
* 網路索引 / 网路索引
* 翹足引領 / 翘足引领
* 翹首引領 / 翘首引领
* 茶引
* 薦引 / 荐引
* 藥引子 / 药引子 (yàoyǐnzi)
* 虛引猿泣 / 虚引猿泣
* 誘引 / 诱引 (yòuyǐn)
* 調引 / 调引
* 證引 / 证引
* 資料索引 / 资料索引
* 超然自引
* 超然遠引 / 超然远引
* 路引
* 辟引
* 逗引 (dòuyǐn)
* 道引
* 遠引曲喻 / 远引曲喻
* 遠引深潛 / 远引深潜
* 鈔引 / 钞引
* 錢引 / 钱引
* 霹靂引 / 霹雳引
* 高翔遠引 / 高翔远引
* 高蹈遠引 / 高蹈远引
* 髮引千鈞 / 发引千钧
* 鬥引 / 斗引
* 鹽引 / 盐引

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 引(いん) (in)
* → Korean: 인(引) (in)
* → Vietnamese: dẫn (引)

### Etymology 2

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Compare with Zhangzhou Hokkien 咉 (ńg), such as used in 咉公 (ńg-kong), and Hokkien 俺 (án) as per Douglas (1873).”

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ín
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ín
*** Tâi-lô: ín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ien
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /in⁵⁵⁴/

#### Definitions

引
* (Quanzhou Hokkien, honorific) Prefix for kinship terms.
    引公 [Hokkien] ― ín-kong [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― grandpa
    引媽／引妈 [Hokkien] ― ín-má [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― grandma

#### Related terms

* 俺 (án)
* 咉 (ńg)

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 引 – see 蚓 (“earthworm”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 蚓).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

#### Further reading

* 晋江市方言志‎, (Can we date this quote?), page 38 (PDF) / 106 (Book)
* Douglas, Carstairs (1873) “ín (Cn.)”, in Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, [With 1923 Supplement after the Appendix by Thomas Barclay, Shanghai: Commercial Press, Ltd.] edition (overall work in Hokkien and English), London: Trübner & Co., page 172; New Edition (With Chinese Character Glosses) edition, London: Presbyterian Church of England, 1899, page 172
* Dictionario Hispánico-Sinicum‎ (overall work in Early Modern Spanish, Hokkien, and Classical Mandarin), kept as Vocabulario Español-Chino con caracteres chinos (TOMO 215) in the University of Santo Tomás Archives, Manila: Dominican Order of Preachers, 1626-1642, page 23/10 & 36/18 & 488/463 & 378/356; republished as Lee, Fabio Yuchung (李毓中), Chen, Tsung-jen (陳宗仁), José, Regalado Trota, Caño, José Luis Ortigosa, editors, Hokkien Spanish Historical Document Series I: Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum‎, Hsinchu: National Tsing Hua University Press, 2018, →ISBN
* “Entry #11126”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
* “引”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Entry #791”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “引”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 285.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)
* pull
* tug
* admit

#### Readings

* Go-on: いん (in, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)
* Kun: ひく (hiku, 引く, Jōyō)、ひける (hikeru, 引ける, Jōyō)
* Nanori: のぶ (nobu)、ひき (hiki)、ひさ (hisa)

#### Compounds

* 割(わり)引(びき) (waribiki)

#### Antonyms

* 斥 (“repulse”)
* 押 (“push”)

#### Derived terms

* 敷(しき)引(び)き (shikibiki)
* 引(ひ)く (hiku)
* 引(ひ)っ掻(か)く (hikkaku)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 引
* いん Grade: 2
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 引 (MC yinX|yinH).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いん [íꜜǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ĩɴ]

### Noun

引(いん) • (in)
* the preface to a book; introduction; foreword

### Affix

引(いん) • (in)
* pull; draw out; stretch
* lead; induce
* bear; undertake; accept (Can we add an example for this sense?) (particularly for "accept")
* quote; reference
* leave

#### Derived terms

* 引(いん)見(けん) (inken)
* 引(いん)水(すい) (insui)
* 引(いん)責(せき) (inseki)
* 引(いん)導(どう) (indō)
* 引(いん)退(たい) (intai)
* 引(いん)用(よう) (in'yō)
* 引(いん)力(りょく) (inryoku)
* 延(えん)引(いん) (en'in)
* 我(が)田(でん)引(いん)水(すい) (gaden'insui)
* 吸(きゅう)引(いん) (kyūin)
* 牽(けん)引(いん) (ken'in)
* 拘(こう)引(いん) (kōin)
* 勾(こう)引(いん) (kōin)
* 強(ごう)引(いん) (gōin)
* 索(さく)引(いん) (sakuin)
* 承(しょう)引(いん) (shōin)
* 導(どう)引(いん) (dōin)
* 誘(ゆう)引(いん) (yūin)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

引 (eumhun 끌 인 (kkeul in))
* hanja form of 인 (“pull”)

#### Compounds

* 견인차 (牽引車, gyeonincha, “tow truck”)
* 유인 (誘引, yuin, “attraction”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

引: Hán Nôm readings: dẫn, dợn, giỡn, dận, giận
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.