# 清潔
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qīngjié
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥ ㄐㄧㄝˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cing$^1$ git$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhîn-kiet / chhîn-kiat
    (Hailu, HRS): cin$^ˋ$ gied
    (Meixian, Guangdong): qin$^1$ giad$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chheng-kiat
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cêng$^1$ giag$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīngjié
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ ㄐㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cingjié
*** Wade–Giles: chʻing$^1$-chieh$^2$
*** Yale: chīng-jyé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chingjye
*** Palladius: цинцзе (cincze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$清潔 / 清洁 輕捷 / 轻捷
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cing$^1$ git$^3$
*** Yale: chīng git
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsing$^1$ git$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qing$^1$ gid$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ kiːt̚³/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-kiet
*** Hakka Romanization System: qin$^ˊ$ gied$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qin$^1$ giad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴ ki̯et̚²/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-kiat
*** Hakka Romanization System: qin$^ˊ$ giad$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qin$^1$ giad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴ ki̯at̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: cin$^ˋ$ gied
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵³ kiet⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: qin$^1$ giad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kiat̚¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-kiat
*** Tâi-lô: tshing-kiat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhengkiad
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɛt̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ kiɛt̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɛt̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɛt̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɛt̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cêng$^1$ giag$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsheng kiak
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ kiak̚²/

### Adjective

清潔
* clean; unsoiled
    保持清潔／保持清洁 ― bǎochí qīngjié ― to keep clean
* unpolluted; uncontaminated
* environmentally sustainable; clean
    清潔能源／清洁能源 ― qīngjié néngyuán ― clean energy
* (figurative) pure; honest

#### Synonyms

* (clean):
* 不髒 / 不脏 (bù zāng)
* 乾淨 / 干净 (gānjìng)
* 清淨 / 清净 (qīngjìng)
* 潔淨 / 洁净 (jiéjìng)
* 澈潔 / 澈洁 (táh-gáik) (Eastern Min)
* 衛生 / 卫生 (wèishēng) (hygienic)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 乾淨, 清潔, 潔淨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 乾淨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 乾淨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 乾淨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 乾淨 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 乾淨 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 乾淨 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 乾淨 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 乾淨, 寧馨 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 乾淨, 清爽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 乾淨, 清亮 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 乾淨 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 乾淨 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 伶俐 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 伶俐 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 乾淨 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 乾淨, 虔誠 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 淨, 伶俐 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 乾淨 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 乾淨 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 淨, 伶俐 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 淨俐, 伶俐 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 淨俐, 伶俐 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 淨俐, 伶俐 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 淨俐, 伶俐 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 淨俐, 伶俐 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 淨俐, 伶俐 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 伶俐 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 乾淨 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 伶俐 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 伶俐 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 澈潔, 澈 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 澈 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 澈潔 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 澈潔 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 澈潔 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 澈 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 清氣 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 澈, 澈潔 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 澈潔 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 澈潔 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 澈潔 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 澈, 澈潔, 清氣 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 清氣 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 澈潔, 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 清氣 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 澈, 澈潔 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 澈, 澈潔 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 澈氣 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 澈 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 澈, 澈潔, 清氣, 清靠 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 澈, 清靠 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 澈潔, 清氣 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 澈, 澈潔, 清靠 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 澈潔, 清氣, 清靠 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 澈潔, 清靠, 清氣 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 澈潔, 清氣, 清靠 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 清氣 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 清氣 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 伶俐 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 伶俐 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 清爽 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 清爽, 乾淨 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 了滯, 清水, 光生 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 乾淨 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 乾淨, 料俏 |

### Verb

清潔
* to clean
    清潔中／清洁中 ― qīngjié zhōng ― cleaning in progress

### Derived terms

* 清潔工 / 清洁工 (qīngjiégōng)
* 清潔燃料 / 清洁燃料
* 清潔生產 / 清洁生产
* 清潔能源 / 清洁能源 (qīngjié néngyuán)
* 清潔車 / 清洁车 (qīngjiéchē)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 清 | 潔 |
| せい Grade: 4 | けつ Grade: 5 |
| kan'on ||
* Alternative spelling
* 淸潔 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せーけつ [sèékétsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞ːke̞t͡sɨ]

### Adjective

清(せい)潔(けつ) • (seiketsu) -na (adnominal 清(せい)潔(けつ)な (seiketsu na), adverbial 清(せい)潔(けつ)に (seiketsu ni))
* clean; hygienic

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 清潔だろ | せいけつだろ | seiketsu daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 清潔で | せいけつで | seiketsu de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 清潔だ | せいけつだ | seiketsu da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 清潔な | せいけつな | seiketsu na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 清潔なら | せいけつなら | seiketsu nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 清潔であれ | せいけつであれ | seiketsu de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 清潔ではない 清潔じゃない | せいけつではない せいけつじゃない | seiketsu de wa nai seiketsu ja nai |
| Informal past | 清潔だった | せいけつだった | seiketsu datta |
| Informal negative past | 清潔ではなかった 清潔じゃなかった | せいけつではなかった せいけつじゃなかった | seiketsu de wa nakatta seiketsu ja nakatta |
| Formal | 清潔です | せいけつです | seiketsu desu |
| Formal negative | 清潔ではありません 清潔じゃありません | せいけつではありません せいけつじゃありません | seiketsu de wa arimasen seiketsu ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 清潔でした | せいけつでした | seiketsu deshita |
| Formal negative past | 清潔ではありませんでした 清潔じゃありませんでした | せいけつではありませんでした せいけつじゃありませんでした | seiketsu de wa arimasen deshita seiketsu ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 清潔で | せいけつで | seiketsu de |
| Conditional | 清潔なら（ば） | せいけつなら（ば） | seiketsu nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 清潔だったら | せいけつだったら | seiketsu dattara |
| Volitional | 清潔だろう | せいけつだろう | seiketsu darō |
| Adverbial | 清潔に | せいけつに | seiketsu ni |
| Degree | 清潔さ | せいけつさ | seiketsusa |
Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 清潔なら | せいけつなら | seiketunara |
| Continuative (連用形) | 清潔に$^{[1]}$ 清潔なり$^{[2]}$ | せいけつに せいけつなり | seiketuni seiketunari |
| Terminal (終止形) | 清潔なり | せいけつなり | seiketunari |
| Attributive (連体形) | 清潔なる | せいけつなる | seiketunaru |
| Realis (已然形) | 清潔なれ | せいけつなれ | seiketunare |
| Imperative (命令形) | 清潔なれ | せいけつなれ | seiketunare |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 清潔ならず | せいけつならず | seiketunarazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 清潔なれど | せいけつなれど | seiketunaredo |
| Causal conjunction | 清潔なれば | せいけつなれば | seiketunareba |
| Conditional conjunction | 清潔ならば | せいけつならば | seiketunaraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 清潔なりき | せいけつなりき | seiketunariki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 清潔なりけり | せいけつなりけり | seiketunarikeri |
| Adverbial | 清潔に | せいけつに | seiketuni |
| $^{[1]}$Without auxiliary verb. $^{[2]}$With auxiliary verb. ||||

### Noun

清(せい)潔(けつ) • (seiketsu)
* cleanliness

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 清 | 潔 |

### Adjective

清潔
* chữ Hán form of thanh khiết (“pure”).