# 軒

| 軒 | U+8ED2, &#36562; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8ED2 |
| ← 軑 [U+8ED1] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 軓 → [U+8ED3] |

## Translingual
### Han character

軒 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十十一十 (JJMJ), four-corner 5104$_0$, composition ⿰車干)

#### Derived characters

* 𠻃, 𢟑, 搟, 𣺕, 𨪚, 蓒, 䆭, 𤹖

#### Related characters

* 轩 (Simplified Chinese)

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1240, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38187
* Dae Jaweon: page 1715, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3514, character 6
* Unihan data for U+8ED2

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 訐 | *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad |
| 肝 | *kaːn |
| 竿 | *kaːn |
| 干 | *kaːn |
| 奸 | *kaːn |
| 玕 | *kaːn |
| 汗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 迀 | *kaːn |
| 忓 | *kaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 鳱 | *kaːn |
| 邗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn |
| 秆 | *kaːnʔ |
| 矸 | *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns |
| 仠 | *kaːnʔ |
| 皯 | *kaːnʔ |
| 衦 | *kaːnʔ |
| 簳 | *kaːnʔ |
| 擀 | *kaːnʔ |
| 旰 | *kaːns |
| 盰 | *kaːns |
| 幹 | *kaːns |
| 杆 | *kaːns |
| 骭 | *kaːns, *ɡraːns |
| 桿 | *kaːnʔ |
| 趕 | *kaːnʔ |
| 稈 | *kaːnʔ |
| 刊 | *kʰaːn |
| 靬 | *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan |
| 衎 | *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns |
| 犴 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns |
| 豻 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn |
| 頇 | *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd |
| 岸 | *ŋɡaːns |
| 鼾 | *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns |
| 罕 | *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns |
| 焊 | *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns |
| 蔊 | *qʰaːnʔ |
| 虷 | *ɡaːn |
| 旱 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 皔 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 釬 | *ɡaːns |
| 扞 | *ɡaːns |
| 閈 | *ɡaːns |
| 馯 | *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn |
| 捍 | *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ |
| 悍 | *ɡaːns |
| 銲 | *ɡaːns |
| 垾 | *ɡaːns |
| 駻 | *ɡaːns |
| 睅 | *ɡʷranʔ |
| 娨 | *ɡraːns |
| 飦 | *kan |
| 赶 | *ɡan, *ɡʷad |
| 軒 | *qʰan |
| 蓒 | *qʰan |
| 酐 | *qʰaːŋʔ |
| 澣 | *ɡʷaːnʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʰan) : semantic 車 (“carriage”) + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn)

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xuān (xuan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hin$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): hṳ́ing
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hoeng$^1$ / hyeng$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hian
    (Teochew, Peng'im): heng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuān
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuan
*** Wade–Giles: hsüan$^1$
*** Yale: sywān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuan
*** Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hin$^1$
*** Yale: hīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiːn⁵⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hṳ́ing
*** Sinological IPA : /xyiŋ⁵⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hœŋ⁵³³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hyeng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hyøŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hian
*** Tâi-lô: hian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiefn
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɛn³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: heng$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hṳng
*** Sinological IPA : /hɯŋ³³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit軒 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕyan⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ɕyan⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ɕyan²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ɕyã²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ɕyã²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ɕyan²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ɕyã²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ɕyã⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ɕyan⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ɕyɛ̃n³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ɕyan⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ɕiɛn⁵⁵/ /ɕyɛn⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ɕyan⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ɕian⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ɕiɛ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ɕyen³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ɕyĩ²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕye¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ɕye³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɕi⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɕiɪ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɕiẽ̞³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ɕi³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕie³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ɕyɛ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕiẽ³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɕyẽ³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /hian⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hin⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /hyn⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /hin⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /hian³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /hyoŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xyiŋ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /hɯŋ³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /hin²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: xjon
Rime :
| Character | 軒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (65) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 虚言切 |
| Baxter | xjon |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hɨɐn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hiɐn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hɨan/ |
| Li Rong | /xiɐn/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭɐn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xɨ̯ɐn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hin$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰa[r]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰan/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 軒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xuān |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xjon › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰa[r]/ |
| English | nobleman"s carriage |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 軒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3641 |
| Phonetic component | 干 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 軒 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰan/ |

#### Definitions

軒
* (historical) a kind of high-fronted, curtained carriage in ancient China, especially used by nobles
* high; lofty; airy
* (literary) window; door
* small room or veranda with windows (formerly used in names of studies, teahouses, restaurants, etc.)
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 不分軒輊 / 不分轩轾 (bùfēnxuānzhì)
* 乘軒 / 乘轩
* 乘軒鶴 / 乘轩鹤
* 人物軒昂 / 人物轩昂
* 器宇軒昂 / 器宇轩昂 (qìyǔxuān'áng)
* 寶軒燈 / 宝轩灯
* 征軒
* 意氣軒昂 / 意气轩昂
* 披軒 / 披轩
* 文軒 / 文轩
* 方軒 / 方轩
* 曦軒 / 曦轩
* 服冕乘軒 / 服冕乘轩
* 朱軒 / 朱轩
* 櫺軒 / 棂轩
* 氣宇軒昂 / 气宇轩昂 (qìyǔxuān'áng)
* 溷軒 / 溷轩
* 無分軒輊 / 无分轩轾
* 瓊軒 / 琼轩
* 皮軒 / 皮轩
* 眉軒 / 眉轩
* 稼軒 / 稼轩
* 老鶴乘軒 / 老鹤乘轩
* 聽雨軒 / 听雨轩
* 臨軒 / 临轩
* 軒冕 / 轩冕
* 軒城 / 轩城
* 軒宇 / 轩宇
* 軒掖 / 轩掖
* 軒敞 / 轩敞 (xuānchǎng)
* 軒昂 / 轩昂 (xuān'áng)
* 軒昂氣宇 / 轩昂气宇
* 軒昂自若 / 轩昂自若
* 軒朗 / 轩朗
* 軒檻 / 轩槛
* 軒渠 / 轩渠
* 軒然 / 轩然
* 軒然大波 / 轩然大波 (xuānrándàbō)
* 軒眉 / 轩眉
* 軒秀 / 轩秀
* 軒翥 / 轩翥
* 軒舉 / 轩举
* 軒裳 / 轩裳
* 軒豁 / 轩豁 (xuānhuò)
* 軒車 / 轩车
* 軒軒 / 轩轩
* 軒軒甚得 / 轩轩甚得
* 軒輊 / 轩轾 (xuānzhì)
* 軒輬 / 轩辌
* 軒輖 / 轩𫐏
* 軒轅 / 轩辕 (xuānyuán)
* 軒闢 / 轩辟
* 軒駕 / 轩驾
* 軒騫 / 轩骞
* 軨軒 / 𫐉轩
* 輪軒 / 轮轩
* 輶軒 / 𬨎轩
* 重軒 / 重轩
* 隨軒 / 随轩
* 飛軒 / 飞轩
* 高軒 / 高轩
* 高軒蒞止 / 高轩莅止
* 高軒過 / 高轩过
* 鶴乘軒 / 鹤乘轩
* 鼚軒 / 𱌊轩
* 鼚鼓軒舞 / 𱌊鼓轩舞

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiàn (xian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
*** Wade–Giles: hsien$^4$
*** Yale: syàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
*** Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

#### Definitions

軒
* (historical) meat sliced in large pieces
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Ròu xīng xì zhě wèi kuài, dà zhě wèi xiàn. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    See also: 膾

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “轩”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 269.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: こん (kon)
* Kan-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)
* Kun: のき (noki, 軒, Jōyō)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 軒
* けん Grade: S
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 軒 (MC xjon).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kẽ̞ɴ]

#### Counter

軒(けん) • (-ken)
* counter for buildings like houses
    寄付(きふ)を募(つの)るため、数(すう)軒(けん)の家(いえ)を回(まわ)った。
       Kifu o tsunoru tame, sūken no ie o mawatta.
       We visited several houses to raise donations.

##### Derived terms

* 軒(けん)昂(こう) (kenkō)
* 軒(けん)数(すう) (kensū)
* 軒(けん)輊(ち) (kenchi)
* 軒(けん)灯(とう) (kentō)
* 軒(けん)別(べつ) (kenbetsu)
* 一(いっ)軒(けん) (ikken)
* 数(すう)軒(けん) (sūken)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 軒
* のき Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 軒 – see the following entry. :
| 【のき】 | [noun] eaves [noun] narrow aisle surrounding the core of a temple building Alternative spellings 簷, 檐, 宇 |
(This term, 軒, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 軒 (MC xjon). Recorded as Middle Korean 헌 (hen) (Yale: hen) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

#### Hanja

Wikisource 軒 (eumhun 추녀 헌 (chunyeo heon))
* (literary) hanja form of 헌 (“eaves”)
* (literary) hanja form of 헌 (“type of carriage in ancient China”)

##### Compounds

* 고헌 (高軒, goheon)
* 교헌 (轎軒, gyoheon)
* 다헌 (茶軒, daheon)
* 담헌 (湛軒, damheon)
* 동헌 (東軒, dongheon)
* 법헌 (法軒, beopheon)
* 비헌 (飛軒, biheon)
* 상헌 (橡軒, sangheon)
* 서헌 (書軒, seoheon)
* 외헌 (外軒, oeheon)
* 융헌 (戎軒, yungheon)
* 임헌 (臨軒, imheon)
* 정헌 (貞軒, jeongheon)
* 초헌 (軺軒, choheon)
* 헌거 (軒擧, heon'geo)
* 헌두 (軒頭, heondu)
* 헌등 (軒燈, heondeung)
* 헌랑 (軒朗, heollang)
* 헌앙 (軒昻, heonang)
* 헌헌 (軒軒, heonheon)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 軒 (MC hjonH).

#### Hanja

軒 (eumhun 고기 저밀 헌 (gogi jeomil heon))
* (archaic) hanja form of 헌 (“to slice meat in large portions”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

軒: Hán Việt readings: hiên (虛(hư)延(diên)切(thiết))
軒: Nôm readings: hiên, hen, hên
* chữ Hán form of hiên (“veranda”).

### References

* 1 2 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 4 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Bonet (1899).
* 1 2 Génibrel (1898).
* ↑ Hồ (1976).