# καθίστημι
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* κᾰθιστάνω (kăthistánō)

### Etymology

From κατα- (kata-, “down”) +‎ ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.tʰís.tɛː.mi/ → /kaˈθis.ti.mi/ → /kaˈθis.ti.mi/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ka.tʰís.tɛː.mi/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /kaˈtʰis.te̝.mi/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /kaˈθis.ti.mi/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /kaˈθis.ti.mi/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /kaˈθis.ti.mi/

### Verb

κᾰθῐ́στημῐ • (kăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* (transitive, active voice of present, imperfect, future, and 1st aorist tenses)
** to set down, stop, bring to land
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.202
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.185
*** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 710
*** 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 184
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.7.22
*** 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Apollo 407
*** to bring down to a place
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.274
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.64
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.78
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.34
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.4.13
**** 438 BCE, Euripides, Alcestis 362
**** 375 BCE – 275 BCE, Alexis, The Pharmacist 2
**** 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 4.1
**** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On the Diseases of Women 2.133
**** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Panegyricus 62
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.86
*** to bring before a magistrate or king
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.209
** to set in order
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.10.10
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.2.1
*** to ordain, appoint
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.94
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.105
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 3.1.12
**** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, 1 Samuel 8.5
**** 423 BCE, Euripides, The Suppliants 352
**** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Panathenaicus 132
**** 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 1672
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.196
**** 391 BCE, Aristophanes, Assemblywomen 1064
**** 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 917
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 8.1.9
**** 349 BCE, Demosthenes, Third Olynthiac 10
**** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Panegyricus 1
**** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 410B
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 1.7.3
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.92
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.1.39
**** (especially of political constitutions) to settle, establish
***** 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 892
***** 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 21
***** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Constitution of the Athenians 7.1
***** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Constitution of the Athenians 29.3
***** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Eratosthenes 42
***** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 590E
***** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 706
***** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 502
***** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.35
***** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.76
***** 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 90
*** to bring into a certain state
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.82
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.75
**** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Simon 3
**** 360 BCE, Plato, The Sophist 230D
**** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 232D
**** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 24C
**** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, To Philip 123
**** 390 BCE – 322 BCE, Hyperides, In Defence of Euxenippus 28
**** 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, On the Murder of Herodes 61
**** 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Menexenus 242A
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.5.28
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.131
**** 396 BCE – 323 BCE, Lycurgus of Athens, Collected Works 6
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.1.9
*** (with double accusative) to make or render so
**** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 657
**** 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, First Tetralogy 1.7
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.68
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.42
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.32
**** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Helen 17
**** 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 635
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.84
**** 438 BCE, Euripides, Alcestis 283
**** 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Charidemus 8
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.89
*** to make, continue
**** 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 382
* (intransitive, middle and passive voices, active voice of perfect, pluperfect, and 2nd aorist tenses)
** to be set, to set oneself down, settle
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.131
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.75
*** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Epidemics 7.97
*** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Joints 8
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.86
*** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 23
*** to come before another, stand in their presence
**** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 4.135
**** 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 295
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.152
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.29
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.46
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.84
*** to be set as guard, to be appointed
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.59
**** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 356
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.5.19
**** 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 142
**** 423 BCE, Euripides, The Suppliants 1216
**** 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, On the Choreutes 11
**** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Panegyricus 35
**** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1299B.37
*** (in a physical sense) to settle, deposit a sediment
**** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Epidemics 1.2.7
*** to stand quiet or calm
**** 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 865
**** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 21.31.10
**** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 1003
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.80
**** 170 CE – 250 CE, Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana 3.4
**** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Prognostics 7
**** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Agoratus 25
**** 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 295
**** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Physics 248A.2
**** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1342A.10
**** 500 BCE – 350 BCE, Ocellus Lucanus, Collected Works 4.13
**** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Fabius Maximus 17
**** 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, The Lover of Lies 5
**** 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Poems 5.15
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.36
**** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Epistles 316C
**** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Aphorisms 1.13
*** to be established or instituted
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.29
**** 428 BCE, Euripides, Hippolytus 91
**** 110 CE – 180 CE, Pausanias Periegeta, Graeciae Descriptio 1.34.2
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.65
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.89
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.205
**** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 1113
**** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 1400
**** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 1160
**** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 798B
**** 436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Areopagiticus 56
**** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.59
*** (of purchases) to cost
**** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On his Return 11
**** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.349A
*** to stand against, oppose
**** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 23.18.5
**** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 674

#### Derived terms

* ᾰ̓κᾰτᾰ́στᾰτος (ăkătắstătos)
* ἀντῐκᾰθῐ́στημῐ (antĭkăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* ᾰ̓ποκᾰθῐ́στημῐ (ăpokăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* δῠσκᾰτᾰ́στᾰτος (dŭskătắstătos)
* ἐγκᾰθῐ́στημῐ (enkăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* ἐπῐκᾰθῐ́στημῐ (epĭkăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* εὐκᾰτᾰ́στᾰτος (eukătắstătos)
* νεοκᾰτᾰ́στᾰτος (neokătắstătos)
* πᾰρᾰκᾰθῐ́στημῐ (părăkăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* περικᾰθῐ́στᾰμαι (perikăthĭ́stămai)
* προκᾰθῐ́στημῐ (prokăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* προσκᾰθῐ́στημῐ (proskăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* σῠγκᾰθῐ́στημῐ (sŭnkăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* ῠ̔περκᾰθῐ́στημῐ (hŭperkăthĭ́stēmĭ)
* ῠ̔ποκᾰθῐ́στᾰμαι (hŭpokăthĭ́stămai)
* ῠ̔ποκᾰτᾰ́στᾰτος (hŭpokătắstătos)

#### Related terms

* κᾰτᾰστᾰσιάζω (kătăstăsiázō)
* κᾰτᾰ́στᾰσῐς (kătắstăsĭs)
* κᾰτᾰστᾰτέον (kătăstătéon)
* κᾰτᾰστᾰ́της (kătăstắtēs)
* κᾰτᾰστᾰτῐκός (kătăstătĭkós)
* κᾰτᾰστᾰτόν (kătăstătón)
* κᾰτᾰ́στημᾰ (kătắstēmă)

### Further reading

* “καθίστημι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “καθίστημι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “καθίστημι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* καθίστημι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* καθίστημι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* G2525 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible