# 砸

| 砸 | U+7838, &#30776; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7838 |
| ← 砷 [U+7837] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 砹 → [U+7839] |

## Translingual
### Han character

砸 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一口尸中月 (MRSLB), four-corner 1161$_2$, composition ⿰石匝)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 829, character 33
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24143
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2422, character 11
* Unihan data for U+7838

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 帀 | *ʔsuːb |
| 沞 | *ʔsuːb |
| 魳 | *ʔsuːb |
| 迊 | *ʔsuːb |
| 匝 | *ʔsuːb |
| 咂 | *ʔsuːb |
| 韴 | *zuːb |
| 砸 | *zaːd |

### Etymology 1
#### “to sew with a sewing machine”

    When sewing with a sewing machine, it looks as if it is bashing the cloth.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zá (za$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄗㄚˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zang$^2$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaap$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chap
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sab$^5$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zah$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chap / chà
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$zaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zá
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zá
*** Wade–Giles: tsa$^2$
*** Yale: dzá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzar
*** Palladius: цза (cza)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sä³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zang$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zang
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saŋ²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaap$^3$
*** Yale: jaap
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaap$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zab$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːp̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chap
*** Hakka Romanization System: zab$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zab$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sap̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: sab$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /sap̚¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zah$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zah$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chap
*** Tâi-lô: tsap
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zab
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sap̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sap̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chà
*** Tâi-lô: tsà
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zax
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sa²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sa⁴¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$zaq
*** MiniDict: zah$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$zaq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zaʔ¹²/
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*zaːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 砸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16483 |
| Phonetic component | 帀 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 巀 |
| Old Chinese | /*zaːd/ |
| Notes | 手冊作㩵今字 |

#### Definitions

砸
* (of falling objects) to crush; to smash
* to bash; to smash
    From: Cao Xueqin, Dream of the Red Chamber, mid-18th century CE
    Wǒmen cūnzhuāng shàng de rén shāngliàng zhù hái yào ná lángtou zá tā ne. [Pinyin]
    People in my village were discussing smashing him with a hammer.
* to break; to destroy
    杯子砸了 ― bēizǐ zá le ― the cup is broken
    From: 1957, Lao She, 茶館（第三幕）
    Zhōu Xiùhuā: páng sì nǎinǎi yě wèibì gǎn zá cháguǎn! [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* to throw; to toss
    砸雞蛋／砸鸡蛋 ― zá jīdàn ― to throw eggs
* (dialectal Mandarin) to sew with a sewing machine
* (colloquial) to flop; to fail; to fall through
    考砸了 ― kǎo zá le ― to have failed a test
* to spend a lot of money
** 2024 August 13, 顏敏翔, “到巴黎不只拿奧運金牌！杜蘭特砸數百萬成巴黎聖日耳曼股東”, in TVBS新聞網‎, Yahoo 奇摩運動 republished edition, archived from the original on 2024-08-13:
       Dùlántè zá shù bǎi wàn chéng Bālí Shèng Rì'ěrmàn gǔdōng [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Synonyms

* (to sew with a sewing machine): 車／车 (chē)
* (to fail):
* 失利 (shīlì)
* 失敗 / 失败 (shībài)
* 挫折 (cuòzhé)
* 未成功 (wèi chénggōng)
* 破產 / 破产 (pòchǎn)
* 跌倒 (diēdǎo)

##### Compounds

* 唉唉砸砸
* 搞砸 (gǎozá)
* 搬磚砸腳 / 搬砖砸脚
* 摔打砸拉
* 砸了
* 砸傷 / 砸伤 (záshāng)
* 砸兌 / 砸兑
* 砸壞 / 砸坏
* 砸招牌
* 砸明火
* 砸毀 / 砸毁 (záhuǐ)
* 砸爛 / 砸烂 (zálàn)
* 砸破
* 砸磳
* 砸身
* 砸鍋 / 砸锅 (záguō)
* 砸鍋賣鐵 / 砸锅卖铁 (záguōmàitiě)
* 砸飯碗 / 砸饭碗 (záfànwǎn)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaak$^6$ / zaak$^3$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaak$^6$ / zaak$^3$
*** Yale: jaahk / jaak
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaak$^9$ / dzaak$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zag$^6$ / zag$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːk̚²/, /t͡saːk̚³/

#### Definitions

砸
* (Cantonese) Alternative form of 矺 (“to press down on; to weigh down”)

##### Compounds

* 一個招牌砸落嚟 / 一个招牌砸落嚟 (Cantonese)
* 大石砸死蟹 (daai$^6$ sek$^6$ zaak$^3$ sei$^2$ haai$^5$) (Cantonese)
* 畀鬼砸 (Cantonese)
* 砸嚫 / 砸𰈍 (Cantonese)
* 砸年 (Cantonese)
* 砸數 / 砸数 (zaak$^6$ sou$^3$) (Cantonese)
* 砸界 (Cantonese)
* 砸袋 (Cantonese)

### References

* “砸”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “砸”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 297.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

砸: Hán Nôm readings: táp, tặp
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.