# harus
## Finnish
### Etymology

Unknown. Originally only found in southwestern dialects (on islands in the Archipelago Sea). Akin to dialectal Estonian harus (found in dialects spoken on islands in the West Estonian archipelago). Possibly a borrowing in either direction or from a common third source.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɑrus/, [ˈhɑ̝rus̠]
* Rhymes: -ɑrus
* Hyphenation: ha‧rus

### Noun

harus
* stay, guy, guyline (rope, or wire supporting a structural element)
* (nautical) guy, guyline (support to secure or steady something prone to shift its position or be carried away)

#### Usage notes

Dialectal distribution of harus (“guyline”) :
* Northern Southwest Finland (Pohjoinen Varsinais-Suomi) [Southwestern dialects]
* Kustavi, Rymättylä
* The classification of and data for regional dialects is based on pre-1950s data. Since the 1950s, the dialects have become increasingly mixed, levelled and influenced by Standard Finnish. Besides Standard Finnish, a relatively uniform and originally urban 'colloquial Finnish' is beginning to emerge in their place, especially in the cities.Source: Suomen murteiden sanakirja by Kotimaisten kielten keskus (CC BY 4.0); see the information for the background image for its sources and licensing |

#### Declension

Possessive forms of harus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
harukseni
harukseni
accusative
nom.
harukseni
harukseni
gen.
harukseni
genitive
harukseni
harusteni haruksieni
partitive
harustani
haruksiani
inessive
haruksessani
haruksissani
elative
haruksestani
haruksistani
illative
harukseeni
haruksiini
adessive
haruksellani
haruksillani
ablative
harukseltani
haruksiltani
allative
harukselleni
haruksilleni
essive
haruksenani
haruksinani
translative
haruksekseni
haruksikseni
abessive
haruksettani
haruksittani
instructive
comitative
—haruksineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
haruksesi
haruksesi
accusative
nom.
haruksesi
haruksesi
gen.
haruksesi
genitive
haruksesi
harustesi haruksiesi
partitive
harustasi
haruksiasi
inessive
haruksessasi
haruksissasi
elative
haruksestasi
haruksistasi
illative
harukseesi
haruksiisi
adessive
haruksellasi
haruksillasi
ablative
harukseltasi
haruksiltasi
allative
haruksellesi
haruksillesi
essive
haruksenasi
haruksinasi
translative
harukseksesi
haruksiksesi
abessive
haruksettasi
haruksittasi
instructive
comitative
—haruksinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
haruksemme
haruksemme
accusative
nom.
haruksemme
haruksemme
gen.
haruksemme
genitive
haruksemme
harustemme haruksiemme
partitive
harustamme
haruksiamme
inessive
haruksessamme
haruksissamme
elative
haruksestamme
haruksistamme
illative
harukseemme
haruksiimme
adessive
haruksellamme
haruksillamme
ablative
harukseltamme
haruksiltamme
allative
haruksellemme
haruksillemme
essive
haruksenamme
haruksinamme
translative
harukseksemme
haruksiksemme
abessive
haruksettamme
haruksittamme
instructive
comitative
—haruksinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
haruksenne
haruksenne
accusative
nom.
haruksenne
haruksenne
gen.
haruksenne
genitive
haruksenne
harustenne haruksienne
partitive
harustanne
haruksianne
inessive
haruksessanne
haruksissanne
elative
haruksestanne
haruksistanne
illative
harukseenne
haruksiinne
adessive
haruksellanne
haruksillanne
ablative
harukseltanne
haruksiltanne
allative
haruksellenne
haruksillenne
essive
haruksenanne
haruksinanne
translative
harukseksenne
haruksiksenne
abessive
haruksettanne
haruksittanne
instructive
comitative
—haruksinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
haruksensa
haruksensa
accusative
nom.
haruksensa
haruksensa
gen.
haruksensa
genitive
haruksensa
harustensa haruksiensa
partitive
harustaan harustansa
haruksiaan haruksiansa
inessive
haruksessaan haruksessansa
haruksissaan haruksissansa
elative
haruksestaan haruksestansa
haruksistaan haruksistansa
illative
harukseensa
haruksiinsa
adessive
haruksellaan haruksellansa
haruksillaan haruksillansa
ablative
harukseltaan harukseltansa
haruksiltaan haruksiltansa
allative
harukselleen haruksellensa
haruksilleen haruksillensa
essive
haruksenaan haruksenansa
haruksinaan haruksinansa
translative
haruksekseen harukseksensa
haruksikseen haruksiksensa
abessive
haruksettaan haruksettansa
haruksittaan haruksittansa
instructive
comitative
—haruksineen haruksinensa :

#### Synonyms

* staagi (slang)

#### Derived terms

* harustaa
* harustus
* haruskeulapurje
* harusköysi
* haruspurje
* harusvaijeri
* keulaharus
* peräharus
* vesiharus

### Further reading

* “harus”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* harsu

## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* haroes (1901–1947)

### Etymology

From Malay harus.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈharus/ [ˈha.rʊs]
* Rhymes: -arus
* Syllabification: ha‧rus

### Adverb

harus
* have to, must, should (indicates obligation)

#### Derived terms

* diharuskan
* keharusan
* mengharuskan
* seharusnya

### Adjective

harus
* (obsolete) permissible
    Synonyms: jaiz, mubah

### Further reading

* “harus” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -us
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Adverb

harus (Jawi spelling هاروس)
* have to, must, should

#### Synonyms

* mesti

#### Descendants

* > Indonesian: harus (inherited)

### Further reading

* “harus” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Old Javanese
### Noun

harus
* Alternative spelling of arus (“water current, tidal current, breaker”)