# ginn
## English
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɪn/

#### Noun

ginn (plural ginns)
* Alternative spelling of jinn
** 1892, E. Cobham Brewer, Character Sketches of Romance, Fiction and the Drama, Vol 1‎:AZA'ZEL, one of the ginn or jinn, all of whom were made of "smokeless fire," that is, the fire of the Simoom.
** 1886, Andrew Lang, In the Wrong Paradise‎:There also were the "maids of modest glances," previously indifferent to the wooing "of man or ginn."
** 1919, Sax Rohmer (1883-1959), The Quest of the Sacred Slipper‎:I accordingly assumed Hassan to be a myth--a first cousin to the ginn.

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɪn/

#### Verb

ginn
* Nonstandard form of given.
** 1869, Charles Reade (1814-1884), Dion Boucicault (1820-1890), Foul Play‎:You ginn it us hot--you did.
** 1912, Lawrence J. Burpee, Humour of the North‎:Well, the doctor axed me to vote for his son, and I just up and told him I would, only my relation was candidating also; but ginn him my hand and promise I would be neuter.

### Anagrams

* Gnin, Ning

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* ging

### Etymology

From Middle Irish gend (“wedge”), from Proto-Celtic *gendis (“wedge”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰed- (“to take, seize”). Cognate with Welsh gaing (“chisel, wedge”), Breton genn (“wedge”) within Celtic and more distantly with Latin (pre)hendō and Ancient Greek χανδάνω (khandánō).

### Pronunciation

* (Cois Fharraige) IPA: /ɟiːn̠ʲ/

### Noun

ginn f (genitive singular ginne, nominative plural geanntracha)
* (Cois Fharraige) Synonym of ding (“wedge; thickset person”)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ginn
geanntracha
vocative
a ghinn
a gheanntracha
genitive
ginne
geanntracha
dative
ginn
geanntracha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an ghinn
na geanntracha
genitive
na ginne
na ngeanntracha
dative
leis an nginn don ghinn
leis na geanntracha :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “genn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*gendV-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 157
* ↑ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977) Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht [The Irish of Cois Fharraige: Accidence] (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 24, page 11

### Further reading

* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “geinn”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 359
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ginn”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Luxembourgish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡin/
* Rhymes: -in

### Etymology 1

From Middle High German geven, northwestern variant of geben, from Old High German gevan, geban, from Proto-West Germanic *geban, from Proto-Germanic *gebaną. See there for cognates.
The sense “to become” is found throughout Moselle Franconian and also (though less commonly) in Ripuarian. It can be understood as a generalization from expressions such as “wheat gives good bread” or “2 and 2 gives 4”. Compare German ergeben. Imagine also a sentence like et gëtt schéint Wieder (“there will be nice weather”), which was then turned around to d’Wieder gëtt schéin (“the wheather will be nice”). The first sentence corresponds to German es gibt schönes Wetter, but the second would be ungrammatical (*das Wetter gibt schön).

#### Verb

ginn (third-person singular present gëtt, preterite gouf or guff, past participle ginn, past subjunctive géif or giff, auxiliary verb hunn or sinn)
* (transitive) to give
* (impersonal) there be, there is, there are; used to indicate that something exists or is present
* (intransitive) to become
* (auxiliary) Used with the past participle of a transitive verb to form the passive voice.
* (auxiliary) Used with the past participle of any verb to form the impersonal passive voice.

##### Usage notes

* The perfect auxiliary is sinn for the sense “to become” and the passive auxiliary, otherwise hunn.
* The sense “there be” has two possible and interchangeable constructions: (1.) with a direct object as in German: et gëtt hei vill Kanner (“there are a lot of children here”), or (2.) with a subject: et ginn hei vill Kanner. The difference is that the verb may become plural with the second construction.

##### Derived terms

* ausginn
* bäiginn
* dropginn
* druginn
* duerchginn
* eraginn
* erginn
* erofginn
* eropginn
* erëmginn
* ewechginn
* fortginn
* hanneschtginn
* hierginn
* iwwerginn
* matginn
* noginn
* ofginn
* opginn
* uginn
* verginn
* zeréckginn
* zouginn

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

ginn
* inflection of goen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** first/third-person plural present indicative

## Yagara
### Noun

ginn
* girl

### References

* State Library of Queensland, 2019 INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES ‘WORD OF THE WEEK’: WEEK EIGHTEEN., 13 May 2019.