# 葷

| 葷 | U+8477, &#33911; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8477 |
| ← 葶 [U+8476] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 葸 → [U+8478] |

## Translingual
### Han character

葷 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿月十十 (TBJJ), four-corner 4450$_6$, composition ⿱艹軍 or ⿱𫇦車)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1046, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31461
* Dae Jaweon: page 1508, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3257, character 4
* Unihan data for U+8477

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 葷 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 揮 | *qʰul |
| 輝 | *qʰul |
| 翬 | *qʰul |
| 暉 | *qʰul |
| 煇 | *qʰul, *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ |
| 楎 | *qʰul, *ɡuːn |
| 瀈 | *qʰul |
| 韗 | *qʰons, *ɢuns |
| 褌 | *kuːn |
| 鶤 | *kuːn, *ɢuns |
| 緷 | *kuːnʔ, *ɡuːnʔ, *ɢuns |
| 睴 | *kuːns, *ɡuːnʔ |
| 璭 | *kuːns |
| 瘒 | *ŋɡuːn |
| 顐 | *ŋɡuːn, *ŋɡuːns, *ɡuːn |
| 諢 | *ŋɡuːns |
| 餫 | *ɡuːn, *ɢuns |
| 渾 | *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ |
| 琿 | *ɡuːn |
| 鼲 | *ɡuːn |
| 堚 | *ɡuːn |
| 鯶 | *ɡuːnʔ |
| 軍 | *kun |
| 皸 | *kun, *kuns |
| 齳 | *ŋɡunʔ |
| 喗 | *ŋɡunʔ |
| 葷 | *qʰun |
| 惲 | *qunʔ |
| 賱 | *qunʔ |
| 運 | *ɢuns |
| 暈 | *ɢuns |
| 鄆 | *ɢuns |

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hūn (hun$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fan$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hun
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$huen
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fen$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hun
*** Wade–Giles: hun$^1$
*** Yale: hwūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huen
*** Palladius: хунь (xunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fan$^1$
*** Yale: fān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun
*** Tâi-lô: hun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hwn
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$huen
*** MiniDict: huen$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$hun
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /huən⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: fen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɸən³³/
* Middle Chinese: xjun
Rime :
| Character | 葷 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 文 (59) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 許云切 |
| Baxter | xjun |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hɨun/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hiun/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiuən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hun/ |
| Li Rong | /xiuən/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭuən/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /xi̯uən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xūn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fan$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰu[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰun/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 葷 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xūn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xjun › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰu[n]/ |
| English | Allium |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 葷 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7338 |
| Phonetic component | 軍 |
| Rime group | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 薰 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰun/ |

#### Definitions

葷
* (Buddhism) strong-smelling vegetables, such as spring onion, garlic and garlic chives
* meat or fish dishes (as opposed to vegetarian dishes)
* (figurative) low-class; obscene; vulgar; dirty

#### Compounds

* 七葷八素 / 七荤八素
* 不葷不素 / 不荤不素
* 二葷鋪 / 二荤铺
* 五葷 / 五荤 (wǔhūn)
* 冷葷 / 冷荤 (lěnghūn)
* 吃葷飯 / 吃荤饭
* 戒葷 / 戒荤
* 托葷鹹食 / 托荤咸食
* 茹葷 / 茹荤 (rúhūn)
* 葷允 / 荤允
* 葷湯臘水 / 荤汤腊水
* 葷笑話 / 荤笑话
* 葷粥 / 荤粥
* 葷素不忌 / 荤素不忌
* 葷腥 / 荤腥 (hūnxīng)
* 葷菜 / 荤菜 (hūncài)
* 葷辛 / 荤辛
* 葷食 / 荤食
* 開洋葷 / 开洋荤
* 開葷 / 开荤 (kāihūn)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xūn (xun$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syun
*** Wade–Giles: hsün$^1$
*** Yale: syūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiun
*** Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕyn⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

葷
* Only used in 葷粥／荤粥 and 葷鬻／荤鬻.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* strong smelling
* strong smelling vegetable, esp. garlic, onion, Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum), Chinese scallion (Allium chinense), Allium macrostemon (Japanese garlic)
* meat diet

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): くん (kun)、ぐん (gun)
* Kun: なまぐさ (namagusa)

#### Compounds

* 葷粥(くんいく) (kun'iku)
* 葷菜(くんさい) (kunsai)
* 葷酒(くんしゅ) (kunshu)
* 葷酒山門に入るを許さず (くんしゅさんもんにいるをゆるさず, kunshu sanmon ni iru o yurusazu)
* 葷辛(くんしん) (kunshin)
* 葷羶(くんせん) (kunsen)
* 五葷(ごくん) (gokun)

## Korean
### Hanja

葷 • (hun) (hangeul 훈, McCune–Reischauer hun, Yale hwun)
* meat diet
* strong smelling

## Vietnamese
### Han character

葷: Hán Nôm readings: huân, hôi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.