# پیاده
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From Persian پیاده (piyâde).

#### Noun

پیاده • (piyade)
* infantryman
** 1891 September 14, “مدالیه [Medal]”, in Tarik:پیاده اوچنجی الایك دردنجی طابورینك برنجی بلوكنه منسوب رضا اونباشی‌یه تخلیص جان خصوصنده‌كی خدمتنه مكافاة تخلیصیه مدالیه‌سی عنایت و احسان بیورلمشدر.Piyade uçuncu alayın dördüncü taburının birinci bölüğüne mensub Rıza onbaşıya tahlis-i can hususındaki hizmetine mükâfat tahlisiye madalyası inayet ve ihsan buyurılmıştır.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* pedestrian
* (chess) pawn

##### Synonyms

* یایا (yaya)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: piyade
* → Armenian: փիյատե (pʻiyate), փիյա̈դա̈ (pʻiyädä)

#### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “piyade”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “piyade”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN

### Etymology 2

From Venetan peata, from Ancient Greek πλάτη (plátē, “a type of flat boat”). Pronunciation merged with the word above. Compare modern Italian chiatta.

#### Noun

پیاده • (piyade)
* rowboat with one or a few pairs of oars, distinguished from a galley with many

##### Descendants

* → French: biadé
* → Greek: μπιαδές (biadés)
* → Italian: biade

#### References

* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
* Kahane, Henry R., Kahane, Renée, Tietze, Andreas (1958) The Lingua Franca in the Levant: Turkish Nautical Terms of Italian and Greek Origin, Urbana: University of Illinois, § 498

## Persian

| Dari | پیاده |
| Iranian Persian | پیاده |
| Tajik | пиёда |

### Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭯𐭣𐭠𐭲𐭪' (pdʾtk' /⁠payādag⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *padātaka- / *padātika- (“on foot”), either from a compound of *pada- +‎ *taka-, the former component from Proto-Iranian *pā́dah (“foot”), the latter from Proto-Iranian *tač- (“to walk, flow”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run, flow”), or from *padāti- +‎ *-kah, the former a secondary derivation from *pā́dah, the latter from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kas (“deadjectival suffix, -ic”). Compare Russian пе́шка (peška) from Proto-Slavic *pěšь (“pedestrian, on foot”) + *-ъka.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [pi.jɑː.ða]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰi.jɑː.d̪ä]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰi.jɑː.d̪ä]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [pʰi.jɑː.d̪ä]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [pʰi.jɔː.d̪ä]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [pi.jɒː.d̪e]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [pʰi.jɔ.d̪ä]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Adverb

پیاده • (piyâde)
* on foot, pedestrian

### Noun

پیاده • (piyâde) (plural پیاده‌ها (piyâde-hâ))
* pedestrian
* pawn (chess)

#### Derived terms

* پیاده‌رو (piyâde-row)
* پیاده‌نظام (piyâde-nezâm)
* پیاده‌ شدن (piyâde-šodan)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: piyada
* → Bengali: পেয়াদা (peẏada)
* → Crimean Tatar: piyade
* → Gujarati: પ્યાદું (pyādũ)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: प्यादा (pyādā)
    Urdu: پیادہ (pyādā), پیادا (piyādā)
* → Kannada: ಪ್ಯಾದೆ (pyāde)
* → Marathi: प्यादे (pyāde)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਪਿਆਦਾ (piādā)
    Shahmukhi script: پیادہ (peyādh)
* → Ottoman Turkish: پیاده (piyāde)
    > Turkish: piyade (inherited)
* → Turkmen: pyýada
* → Uyghur: پىيادە (piyade)
* → Uzbek: piyoda

### See also

Chess pieces in Persian · مهره‌های شطرنج (mohre-hâye šatranj) (layout · text) :
| شاه (šâh) | وزیر (vazir), فرزین (farzin) | رخ (rox), قلعه (qal'e) | فیل (fil) | اسب (asb) | پیاده (piyâde), سرباز (sarbâz) |

### References

* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 372-4
* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 58