# زيتون
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaj.tuːn/
* Rhymes: -uːn

### Etymology 1

Related to زَيْت (zayt, “olive oil”); but the stem extension, unknown in Arabic morphology, directly relates to Aramaic, where -ōnā forms diminutive nouns; developing there the sense of an “olive tree” found for the simplex across Northwest Semitic to what is attested as Classical Mandaic ࡆࡉࡕࡅࡍࡀ (zētōnā, “little olive tree”) and then attaining based on the idea of the fruit being a miniature olive tree the meaning “olive”, as well as retaining the meaning of an olive tree.

#### Noun

زَيْتُون • (zaytūn) m (collective, singulative زَيْتُونَة f (zaytūna))
* olive (fruit or tree)

##### Descendants

* → Afar: daytuun
* → Amharic: ዘይቶን (zäyton)
* → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܙܝܬܘܢܐ (zaytona, zaytúni, “olive”)
* → Armenian: զեյթուն (zeytʻun)
* → Azerbaijani: зејтун, zeytun
* → Bashkir: зәйтүн (zəytün)
* → Bengali: জয়তূন (zôytūn)
* → Crimean Tatar: zeytün, ziytin
* → Ge'ez: ዘይቶን (zäyton), ዘይጦን (zäyṭon)
* → Hausa: zaitun
* → Hindustani:
** Hindi: ज़ैतून (zaitūn)
** Urdu: زیتون (zaitūn)
* → Indonesian: zaitun
* → Kazakh: зәйтүн (zäitün)
* → Kurdish:
    Northern Kurdish: zeytûn
* → Lishana Deni: זיתונא (zaytūna)
* → Kyrgyz: зайтун (zaytun)
* → Malay: zaitun
* → Old Galician-Portuguese: azeitona
** Fala: aceituna, (Mañegu) adeituna, (Lagarteiru) adituna
** Portuguese: azeitona
*** → Hunsrik: Asëitona
* → Ottoman Turkish: زیتون (zeytun), زیتین (zeytin)
** Turkish: zeytin
** → Bulgarian: зехти́н (zehtín, “olive oil”)
** → Macedonian: зејтин (zejtin, “cooking oil”)
** → Serbo-Croatian: зѐјтӣн / zèjtīn (“cooking oil”)
*** → Romanian: zăitin — Banat
** → Ubykh: зеиҭын (zejtən)
* → Pashto: زيتون m (zaytún)
* → Persian: زیتون (zeytun)
* → Punjabi: ਜ਼ੈਤੂਨ (zaitūn)
* → Spanish: aceituna
* → Swahili: zeituni, zaituni
* → Tajik: зайтун (zaytun)
* → Tatar: зәйтүн (zäytün) / zäytün
* → Tausug: jaytun
* → Turkmen: зейтун / zeýtun
* → Turoyo: ܙܰܝܬܘܢܳܐ (zaytuno, “olive”)
* → Uyghur: زەيتۇن (zeytun)
* → Uzbek: zaytun
* → Zazaki: zeytun

### Etymology 2

Phono-semantic matching from Chinese 刺桐 (MC tshjeH duwng, “coral tree”) in 刺桐城 (MC tshjeH duwng dzyeng, “coral tree town”), an old name for Quanzhou.

#### Proper noun

زَيْتُون • (zaytūn) m
* (historical) Zayton, the medieval trade name of the ports of Zhangzhou and Quanzhou in Fujian, China

##### Declension
#### References

* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 147
* Guidi, Ignazio (1879) Della sede primitiva dei popoli semitici (in Italian), Rome: Tipi del Salviucci, page 37
* Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 294
* Shahîd, Irfan (1989) Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century, Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, pages 249–250
* “zytwn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic زَيْتُون (zaytūn).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaj.tuːn/

### Noun

زيتون • (zaytūn) m (collective, singulative زيتونة f (zaytūna), plural زيتونات (zaytūnāt))
* olive (fruit or tree)

## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic زَيْتُون (zaytūn).

### Noun

زيتون • (zētūn) m (collective)
* Alternative form of زتون (zatūn, “olives”)