# cerna
## French
### Verb

cerna
* third-person singular past historic of cerner

### Anagrams

* ancre, ancré, crâne, écran, encra, nacre, rance

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* cerne, cerno

### Etymology

Perhaps from Suevic, from Proto-Germanic *kernô (“kernel”). Compare Icelandic, Faroese, Old Norse kjarni (“kernel, core”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈθɛɾna̝/, (western) /ˈsɛɾna̝/

### Noun

cerna f (plural cernas)
* heartwood
    Synonym: durame
** 1418, Ángel Rodríguez González (ed.), Libro do Concello de Santiago (1416-1422). Santiago de Compostela: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 112:
    por quatro levuas de çerna que mercastes a Fernan Peres, toneleiro
       because of four loads of heartwood that you bought from Fernán Pérez, barrel-maker
** 1474, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 74:Iten, preçaron duas grades e hun chedeiro e dous temoos de cerna, a parte dos menores em quorenta :XL -? maravedisItem, they appraised two grates, a cart's bed and two shafts of heartwood, the part corresponding to the kids, 40 coins
* (figurative) core, essence, kernel
    Synonyms: miolo, núcleo
* sap
* pith (the essential or vital part)

#### Derived terms

* cernar

### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “çerna”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cerna”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cerna”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cerna”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “cierne”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay cerna, possibly from Sanskrit जीर्ण (jīrṇa, “digest”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃərˈna]
* Rhymes: -na
* Hyphenation: cêr‧na

### Adjective

cêrna
* digested

### Verb

cêrna (active mencerna, passive dicerna)
* (transitive) to digest
** to separate (the food) in its passage through the alimentary canal into the nutritive and nonnutritive elements; to prepare, by the action of the digestive juices, for conversion into blood; to convert into chyme
** to think over and arrange methodically in the mind; to reduce to a plan or method; to receive in the mind and consider carefully; to get an understanding of; to comprehend

#### Derived terms

* cernaan
* cernakan
* pencerna
* pencernaan
* tecerna

#### Related terms

* curna

### Further reading

* “cerna” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Verb

cerna
* inflection of cernere:
** first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* carne