# tolak
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay tolak, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“push something away, shove, repel; push off, as a boat leaving shore or being poled through shallow water”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈtolak/ [ˈt̪o.lak̚]
* Rhymes: -olak
* Syllabification: to‧lak

### Verb

tolak
* to reject
* (rare) to push
    Synonyms: dorong, sorong

#### Hyponyms

* tolak angsur
* tolak bahara
* tolak bala
* tolak balik
* tolak bara
* tolak bayar
* tolak nirpendapat
* tolak peluru
* tolak raih
* tolak senjata
* tolak sumpah
* tolak tarik

#### Derived terms

* bertolak
* bertolak-tolak
* bertolak-tolakan
* ditolak
* menolak
* menolakkan
* penolak
* penolakan
* tertolak
* tolak-menolak
* tolakan

### Further reading

* “tolak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

tolak
* Romanization of ꦠꦺꦴꦭꦏ꧀

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“push something away, shove, repel; push off, as a boat leaving shore or being poled through shallow water”). Cognate with Tagalog tulak.

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Riau) IPA: /ˈtolak/ [ˈt̪o.laʔ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aʔ
* Hyphenation: to‧lak

### Verb

tolak (Jawi spelling تولق)
* to push
    Antonym: tarik
    Dak baik menolak orang macam tu!It's not good pushing people like that!
* to reject, to withdraw
    Antonyms: sokong, terima
    Tawaran diskaun tiba-tiba itu ditolak oleh pelanggan yang tidak suka akan barang itu.The sudden discount offer was rejected by the customer who was not fond of the product.
* subtract, deduct, remove, minus
    Antonyms: tambah, campur
    4 tolak 5 ― 4 minus 5

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* penolak [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* tolakan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
* menolak [agent focus] (meN-)
* menolakkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* ditolak [patient focus] (di-)
* ditolakkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
* tertolak [agentless action] (teR-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* tolak-menolak
* tolak ansur (“tolerance”)

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: tolak
* North Moluccan Malay: tola (“to push”)

### Further reading

* “tolak” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
* Austronesian Comparative Dictionary - *tulak

## Maranao
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tulak (“to push away”).

### Verb

tolak
* to disown; to renounce
* to push (a boat) out to sea

### References

* Howard P. McKaughan, Batua A. Macaraya (1967) A Maranao Dictionary‎ (overall work in Maranao and English), University of Hawaii Press

## Tetum
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

tolak
* to curse

### Further reading

* Fransiskus Monteiro (1985) Kamus Tetun-Indonesia [Tetum-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan