OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# biznesmen
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* businessman

### Etymology

Borrowed from English businessman. First attested in 1910.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbiz.nɛs.mɛn/, (colloquial) /bizˈnɛs.mɛn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iznɛsmɛn, -ɛsmɛn
* Syllabification: biz‧nes‧men

### Noun

biznesmen m pers (female equivalent biznesmenka or bizneswoman)
* (business) businessman
    Synonym: przedsiębiorca

#### Derived terms

* biznesmeński

#### Related terms

* biznesowy
* biznes
* biznesik
* biznesplan
* klasa biznes

#### Collocations

* drobny biznesmen ― a small-time businessman
* wielki biznesmen ― a large businessman
* lokalny/miejscowy biznesmen ― a local businessman
* bogaty biznesmen ― a rich businessman
* poważny biznesmen ― a serious businessman
* zamożny biznesmen ― a well-off businessman
* nieuczciwy biznesmen ― an unfair businessman
* uczciwy biznesmen ― a fair businessman
* chiński biznesmen ― a Chinese businessman
* krakowski biznesmen ― a businessman from Krakow
* polonijny biznesmen ― a Polonia businessman
* polski biznesmen ― a Polish businessman
* ambitny biznesmen ― an ambitious businessman
* energiczny biznesmen ― an energetic businessman
* młody biznesmen ― a young businessman
* nowoczesny biznesmen ― a modern businessman
* nowatorski biznesmen ― an innovative businessman
* przedsiębiorczy biznesmen ― an enterprising/industrious/business-minded businessman
* znany biznesmen ― a famous businessman
* biznesmen samochodowy ― a car businessman
* biznesmen branży rybnej ― a businessman in the fishing industry
* biznesmen z branży benzynowej ― a businessman in the gas/petrol industry
* biznesmen z listy stu najbogatszych ― a top-100 richest businessman
* biznesmen z kasą, z pieniędzmi ― a businessman with cash/money
* biznesmen w branży metalowej ― a businessman in the metal industry
* biznesmen w branży teleinformatycznej ― a businessman in the data communications industry
* biuro biznesmena ― a businessman's office
* firma biznesmena ― a businessman's company
* elita biznesmenów ― an elite of businessmen
* grono/krąg biznesmenów ― a circle of businessmen
* grupa biznesmenów ― a group of businessmen
* klasa biznesmenów ― a businessman class
* środowisko biznesmenów ― an environment of businessmen
* kurs dla biznesmena ― a course for businessman
* seminarium dla biznesmena ― a seminary for businessman
* kandydat na biznesmena ― a businessman candidate
* namówić biznesmena ― to talk a businessman into (something)
* udawać biznesmena ― to play businessman
* przekonywać/przekonać biznesmenów ― to convince a businessman
* przyciągać biznesmenów ― to attract businessmen
* wyglądać na biznesmena/jak biznesmen ― to look like a businessman
* finansowany przez biznesmena ― financed by a businessman
* kierowany przez biznesmena ― led by a businessman
* uchodzić za biznesmena ― to pass for a businessman

### References

* ↑ Rózga‎, number R.1, nr 15, 1910, page 4
* ↑ biznesmen in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* biznesmen in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* biznesmen in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# पुराणे
## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘢𑘳𑘨𑘰𑘜 (purāṇa), 𑘢𑘳𑘨𑘰𑘡𑘺 (purānai), from Prakrit 𑀧𑀼𑀭𑀸𑀡 (purāṇa) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit पुराण (purāṇa). Doublet of पुराण (purāṇ).
Cognate with Konkani पोरणें (porṇẽ), Gujarati પુરાણું (purāṇũ), Hindi पुराना (purānā).

### Pronunciation

* (formal) IPA: /pu.ɾa.ɳe/
* (colloquial) IPA: /pu.ɾa.ɳə/
* Hyphenation: पु‧रा‧णे
* Rhymes: -e

### Adjective

पुराणे • (purāṇe)
* old (not of people)
    Synonym: (more common) जुने (j̈une)
* ancient
    Synonym: प्राचीन (prācīn)

### Further reading

* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “पुराण”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, page 523
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “पुराण”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ), page 2073.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “purāṇá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 469
# 嬡

| 嬡 | U+5B21, &#23329; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B21 |
| ← 嬠 [U+5B20] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嬢 → [U+5B22] |

## Translingual
### Han character

嬡 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 女月月水 (VBBE), four-corner 4244$_7$, composition ⿰女愛)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 272, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6807
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1084, character 15
* Unihan data for U+5B21

## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ài (ai$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): oi$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ài
*** Zhuyin: ㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ài
*** Wade–Giles: ai$^4$
*** Yale: ài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ay
*** Palladius: ай (aj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: oi$^3$
*** Yale: oi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: oi$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: oi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔːi̯³³/

#### Definitions

嬡
* Only used in 令嬡／令嫒, alternative form of 令愛 / 令爱 (lìng'ài, “your daughter”)

### Etymology 2

From 姨 (i5). May be derived from 姨 (i5, “father's concubine (historical)”), or its use in some Chaoshan villages to address one's mother directly (嬡／嫒 (ai5) is not used for direct address). (Li & Lin, 1992, pg. 38)

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): ai$^5$
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ai$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: âi
*** Sinological IPA : /ai⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

嬡
* (Teochew) mother (not used to address one's mother directly)

#### Compounds

* 父嬡 / 父嫒 (bê$^6$ ai$^5$) (Teochew)
* 阿嬡 / 阿嫒 (a$^1$ ai$^5$) (Teochew)

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B00714
* “嬡”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): あい (ai)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嬡: Hán Nôm readings: ái
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation
# duhol
## Bikol Central
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈduhol/ [ˈd̪u.hol̪]
* IPA: /ˈduʔol/ [ˈd̪u.ʔol̪] (h-dropping)
* Hyphenation: du‧hol

### Verb

dúhol (plural duruhol, Basahan spelling ᜇᜓᜑᜓᜎ᜔)
* to grant, to bestow
    Synonym: tugot

#### Derived terms

* iduhol
* magduhol

## Cebuano
### Alternative forms

* dunol
* tunol

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: tu‧nol

### Verb

duhol
* to hand over; to relinquish control or possession of something to someone

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /duˈhol/ [d̪ʊˈhol]
* Rhymes: -ol
* Syllabification: du‧hol

### Noun

duhól (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜑᜓᜎ᜔)
* a species of gray river snake

#### Related terms

* ahas-tubig
* igat
* kalabukab
* palos

### Anagrams

* luhod
# ујак
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ujь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ûjaːk/
* Hyphenation: у‧јак

### Noun

у̏ја̄к m (Latin spelling ȕjāk)
* maternal uncle (mother's brother)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “ујак”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# knoouledge
## Yola
### Etymology

From Middle English knowleche.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnuːləd͡ʒ/

### Noun

knoouledge
* knowledge

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 50
# menoscabar
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *minuscapāre.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /me.nos.kaˈba(ʁ)/ [me.nos.kaˈba(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /me.nos.kaˈba(ʁ)/ [me.nos.kaˈba(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /me.nos.kaˈba(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /me.noʃ.kaˈba(ʁ)/ [me.noʃ.kaˈba(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /me.nos.kaˈba(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mɨ.nuʃ.kɐˈbaɾ/ [mɨ.nuʃ.kɐˈβaɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /mɨ.nuʃ.kɐˈbaɾ/ [mɨ.nuʃ.kɐˈβaɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /mɨ.nuʃ.kɐˈba.ɾi/ [mɨ.nuʃ.kɐˈβa.ɾi]
* Hyphenation: me‧nos‧ca‧bar

### Verb

menoscabar (first-person singular present menoscabo, first-person singular preterite menoscabei, past participle menoscabado)
* (transitive) to turn incomplete or imperfect
* (transitive, figuratively) to discredit, to disbelieve
* (transitive) to despise, to scorn, to look down on
    Synonyms: desprezar, menosprezar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

## Spanish
### Etymology

From menos +‎ cabo +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /menoskaˈbaɾ/ [me.nos.kaˈβ̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: me‧nos‧ca‧bar

### Verb

menoscabar (first-person singular present menoscabo, first-person singular preterite menoscabé, past participle menoscabado)
* to lessen
    menoscabar su premioreduce their reward
* to sully; to mutilate
* to undermine
    menoscabar su podersubvert their power
** 1908, Benito Pérez Galdós, España trágica, chapter 6:Sin menoscabar el respeto que a su buen padrastro debía [...]Without undermining the respect owed to their good stepfather [...]
** 2014, Cristina Morató, Reinas malditas:El soberano se había convertido en un monarca constitucional con poder limitado, pues los hechos de Varennes habían menoscabado su autoridad.The sovereign had become a constitutional monarch with limited power, since the events of Varennes had undermined his authority.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* menoscabador

#### Related terms

* menoscabo (“reduction”)

#### See also

* socavar

### Further reading

* “menoscabar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ψευδάργυρος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From ψευδο- (pseudo-, “false”) +‎ ἄργυρος (árguros, “silver”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pseβˈðar.ʝy.ros/ → /psevˈðar.ʝi.ros/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /psewˈdar.ɡy.ros/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /pseβˈðar.ʝy.ros/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /psevˈðar.ʝy.ros/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /psevˈðar.ʝi.ros/

### Noun

ψευδᾰ́ργῠρος • (pseudắrgŭros) m (genitive ψευδᾰργῠ́ρου); second declension (Koine)
* mock silver, false silver, perhaps zinc
** c. 23 CE, Strabo, chapter 1.56, in Γεωγραφικά, volume XIII:λίθος περὶ τὰ Ἄνδειρα͵ ὃς καιόμενος σίδηρος γίνεται· εἶτα μετὰ γῆς τινος καμινευθεὶς ἀποστάζει ψευδάργυρον͵ ἣ προσλαβοῦσα χαλκὸν τὸ καλούμενον γίνεται κρᾶμα͵ ὅ τινες ὀρείχαλκον καλοῦσιa stone in the vicinity of Andeira which, when burned becomes iron, and then, when heated in a furnace with a certain earth, distils false silver; and this, with the addition of copper, makes the so-called "mixture" (alloy), which by some is called "orichalcum"

#### Descendants

* Greek: ψευδάργυρος (psevdárgyros)

### Further reading

* “ψευδάργυρος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* ψευδάργυρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

## Greek
### Etymology

Learned diachronic borrowing from Koine Greek ψευδάργυρος (pseudárguros), based on the identification of the latter as zinc (see Strabo XIII, 1.56, p. 610). Morphologically, ψευδ- (psevd-, “false”) +‎ άργυρος (árgyros, “silver”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pseˈvðaɾ.ʝi.ɾos/
* Hyphenation: ψευ‧δάρ‧γυ‧ρος

### Noun

ψευδάργυρος • (psevdárgyros) m (plural ψευδάργυροι)
* (chemistry, metallurgy) zinc
    Synonym: τσίγκος (tsígkos) (informal)

#### Declension

Second forms are formal. Usually in the singular.

#### Coordinate terms

* Appendix:Greek names for chemical elements

#### Derived terms

* ψευδαργυρικός (psevdargyrikós, “related to zinc”, adjective) (formal, technical)
* ψευδαργυρίτης m (psevdargyrítis, “zincite (mineral)”, noun)
* ψευδαργυρώνω (psevdargyróno)
* ψευδαργύρωση f (psevdargýrosi)

### References

* ↑ ψευδάργυρος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language

### Further reading

* ψευδάργυρος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
# amochai
## French
### Pronunciation

* Homophones: amoché, amochée, amochées, amocher, amochés, amochez

### Verb

amochai
* first-person singular past historic of amocher
# AOABH
## English
### Noun

AOABH (uncountable)
* (Hong Kong, criminal law) Initialism of assault occasioning actual bodily harm.
# roll coal
## English
### Verb

roll coal (third-person singular simple present rolls coal, present participle rolling coal, simple past and past participle rolled coal)
* (US, slang) To emit sooty exhaust fumes from a modified (diesel) engine (fad among anti-environmentalist American truck drivers).
** 2016 September 4, Hiroko Tabuchi, “‘Rolling Coal’ in Diesel Trucks, to Rebel and Provoke”, in The New York Times‎:“Why don’t you go live in Sweden and get the heck out of our country,” Mr. Blue wrote.” I will continue to roll coal anytime I feel like and fog your stupid eco-cars.”
** (Can we date this quote?), Tales from the Gas Station: Volume Three, Jack Townsend, page 59:The light turned red, and Jerry peeled into the intersection, hooking left as an oversized pickup truck rolled coal and blared its horn at us. “Sorry!” I screamed for no good reason. Jerry skidded into another right turn.

#### Related terms

* coal-rolled
* coal roller
* coal-rolling

### See also

* wet stacking
# ująć
## Polish
### Etymology

From u- +‎ jąć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈu.jɔɲt͡ɕ/
* Audio 1; “ująć”:(file)
* Audio 2; “ująć się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -ujɔɲt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: u‧jąć

### Verb

ująć pf (imperfective ujmować)
* (transitive) to grab, to seize
* (transitive) to detain
    Synonyms: aresztować, przymknąć, przyskrzynić, zgarnąć
* (transitive) to put, to formulate, to express
* (transitive) to sway, to endear, to win over
* (transitive) to detract, to deduct, to derogate
* (transitive) to include
* (reflexive with się) to intercede, to put a word in [with za (+ instrumental) ‘for someone/something’]

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* ująć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ująć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# tán hươu tán vượn
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Literally, “to chat about deer and apes”.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [taːn˧˦ hiəw˧˧ taːn˧˦ vɨən˧˨ʔ]
* (Huế) IPA: [taːŋ˦˧˥ hɨəw˧˧ taːŋ˦˧˥ vɨəŋ˨˩ʔ]
* (Saigon) IPA: [taːŋ˦˥ hɨəw˧˧ taːŋ˦˥ vɨəŋ˨˩˨] ~ [taːŋ˦˥ hɨəw˧˧ taːŋ˦˥ jɨəŋ˨˩˨]

### Verb

tán hươu tán vượn
* (idiomatic) to chat idly; to shoot the breeze
# fogata
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish fogata.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [fuˈɣa.tə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [foˈɣa.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [foˈɣa.ta]

### Noun

fogata f (plural fogates)
* bonfire
    Synonym: foguera
** 1981, Jaume Sisa (lyrics and music), “Nit de Sant Joan”:Imitarem el sol amb grans fogates(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Further reading

* “fogata” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “fogata” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “fogata”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

## Hungarian
### Etymology

fogat +‎ -a (possessive suffix)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfoɡɒtɒ]
* Hyphenation: fo‧ga‧ta

### Noun

fogata
* third-person singular single-possession possessive of fogat

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Likely from fuego +‎ -ata, ultimately from Latin focus (“hearth”). Compare huérfano (“orphan”) and orfanato (“orphanage”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /foˈɡata/ [foˈɣ̞a.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -ata
* Syllabification: fo‧ga‧ta

### Noun

fogata f (plural fogatas)
* bonfire, campfire
    Synonym: hoguera
* fougasse (improvised explosive)

#### Related terms

* fuego

### Further reading

* “fogata”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# μεταφέρω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From μετα- (meta-, indicating change) +‎ φέρω (phérō, “bear, carry”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /me.ta.pʰé.rɔː/ → /me.taˈɸe.ro/ → /me.taˈfe.ro/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /me.ta.pʰé.rɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /me.taˈpʰe.ro/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /me.taˈɸe.ro/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /me.taˈfe.ro/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /me.taˈfe.ro/

### Verb

μεταφέρω • (metaphérō)
* to carry over, transfer
* to change, alter
* (rhetoric) to transfer a word to a new sense, use it in a changed sense, employ a metaphor

#### Derived terms

* μεταφορά (metaphorá)

#### Descendants

* Greek: μεταφέρω (metaféro)

### Further reading

* “μεταφέρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “μεταφέρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* μεταφέρω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

## Greek
### Etymology

Learnedly, from Ancient Greek μεταφέρω (metaphérō). By surface analysis, μετα- (suffix for movement) +‎ φέρω (“carry”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /me.taˈfe.ɾo/
* Hyphenation: με‧τα‧φέ‧ρω

### Verb

μεταφέρω • (metaféro) (imperfect μετέφερα, past μετέφερα, passive μεταφέρομαι) past: μεταφέρθηκα
* to transfer

#### Related terms

* αερομεταφερόμενος (aerometaferómenos, “airborne”)
* αερομεταφορά f (aerometaforá, “air transport”)
* αερομεταφορέας m (aerometaforéas, “air carrier”)
* μεταφερμένος (metaferménos, “transferred”, passive perfect participle)
* μεταφερόμενος (metaferómenos, “who is being transferred”, passive present participle)
* μεταφορά f (metaforá, “transport; metaphor”)
* μεταφορέας m (metaforéas, “carrier, transporter”)
* μεταφορικά (metaforiká, “figuratively”, adverb)
* μεταφορικός (metaforikós, “transferring; figurative”)
# ambiwalencja
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Ambivalenz, from ambi- +‎ Latin valentia. First attested in 1922.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /am.bi.vaˈlɛn.t͡sja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛnt͡sja
* Syllabification: am‧bi‧wa‧len‧cja

### Noun

ambiwalencja f
* (psychology) ambivalence (coexistence of opposing attitudes)
    Coordinate term: ambitendencja
* (literary) ambivalence (presenting of two opposing elements at the same time)

#### Derived terms

* ambiwalentny
* ambiwalentnie
* ambiwalentność

#### Collocations

* pełny ambiwalencji ― full of ambivalence
* ambiwalencja uczuciowa/emocjonalna ― emotional ambivalence
* ambiwalencja seksualna ― sexual ambivalence
* ambiwalencja moralna ― moral ambivalence
* swoista ambiwalencja ― peculiar ambivalence
* znaczna ambiwalencja ― significant ambivalence
* silna ambiwalencja ― strong ambivalence
* ambiwalencja uczuć ― ambivalence of feelings
* ambiwalencja postaw ― ambivalence of attitudes
* ambiwalencja myśli ― ambivalence of thoughts
* odczucie ambiwalencji ― feeling ambivalence
* stan ambiwalencji ― state of ambivalence

### References

* ↑ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “ambiwalencja”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
* ↑ Mianownictwo chorób i przyczyn zgonów przyjęte przez Komisję Międzynarodową w Paryżu d. 14. X. 1920 r.‎ (in Polish), 1922, page 24

### Further reading

* ambiwalencja in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ambiwalencja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* ambiwalencja in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# bâba
## Khalaj

| Perso-Arabic | Perso-Arabic | بابا |

### Alternative forms

* bôva (father)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian بابا (bâbâ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baːba/
* (father)
** (Bon Chinar, Chahak, Mazraeh-ye Now, Mohsenabad, Naderabad, Shah Qoli) IPA: [bɔ̞ːbɑ]
** (Borzabad) IPA: [bɑbɑ], [bɒbɒ]
** (Chahak, Dermanak, Khvorakabad) IPA: [bɒːbɑ]
** (Feyzabad, Mehrzamin) IPA: [baːba]
** (Hasanabad, Kharrab, Sarband, Vasheqan) IPA: [bɔ̞ːbɒ]
** (Hezarabad) IPA: [bɑˑba]
** (Jerik Aghaj, Kacha-ye Chahardeh, Safarabad) IPA: [bɑːbɑ]
** (Khaltabad) IPA: [bɔbɒ]
** (Kharrab) IPA: [bɒːbaː]
** (Kharrab, Mehrzamin, Sadabad) IPA: [bɒːba]
** (Mansurabad) IPA: [bɔ̞ːbɔ]
** (Mujan, Musaabad) IPA: [bɒˑbɑ]
** (Nowdeh) IPA: [bɑˑbɑ]
** (Sarahrud) IPA: [bɔ̞ːβɑ]
** (Talkh Ab) IPA: [bɑːba], [bɑba], [baba]
** (Yengijeh) IPA: [bɔ̞ːbæ̞]
** (Zarnusheh) IPA: [bɔ̞ːba]
* (grandfather)
** (Esfid) IPA: [bɑba]
** (Mohsenabad) IPA: [bɔ̞ːbɑ]
** (Talkh Ab) IPA: [bɒːbɑ], [bɒːbɒ], [bɒˑbɒˑ]
** (Vasheqan) IPA: [bɔ̞ːbɒ]

### Noun

bâba (definite accusative bâbañ, plural bâbalar)
* father
    Synonym: dədə
* grandfather
    Synonyms: ağu bâba, bidük bâba, bidük dədə, bâbacân, tâta

#### Derived terms

* bidük bâba (“grandfather”)
* hər bâbası (“wife's father-in-law”)
* kişi bâbası (“husband's father-in-law”)
* qâdın bâba (“father-in-law”)

### References

* Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1987) Lexik und Sprachgeographie des Chaladsch [Lexicon and Language Geography of Khalaj] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN
# ainchríostaí
## Irish
### Etymology

From ain- (“bad, unnatural”) +‎ Críostaí (“Christian”, noun).

### Noun

ainchríostaí m (genitive singular ainchríostaí, nominative plural ainchríostaithe)
* unbeliever in Christ
* unchristian, uncharitable, person

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ainchríostaí
ainchríostaithe
vocative
a ainchríostaí
a ainchríostaithe
genitive
ainchríostaí
ainchríostaithe
dative
ainchríostaí
ainchríostaithe
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an t-ainchríostaí
na hainchríostaithe
genitive
an ainchríostaí
na n-ainchríostaithe
dative
leis an ainchríostaí don ainchríostaí
leis na hainchríostaithe :

#### Related terms

* Ainchríost
* ainchríostúil
* ainchríostúlacht

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ainchríostaí”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
# הפטרה
## Hebrew
### Etymology

* Root
* פ־ט־ר (p-ṭ-r)
* 13 terms
Verbal noun of הִפְטִיר.

### Noun

הַפְטָרָה • (haftará) f (plural indefinite הַפְטָרוֹת) [pattern: הַקְטָלָה]
* (Judaism) Haftarah

#### Related terms

* מפטיר (maftir), מפטירה (maftira)

#### Descendants

* English: Haftarah
* Yiddish: הפֿטרה (haftore)
** English: Haftorah

### Further reading

* הפטרה on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# саламс
## Erzya
### Etymology

From Proto-Mordvinic *salams, inherited from Proto-Uralic *sala (“conceal, keep (sg) secret, steal; thief”). Compare Finnish sala (“secret”), salata (“to conceal, keep secret, cover up, hide”), Võro sala (“spy, thief”), Northern Sami suola, Eastern Mari шолы (šoly, “thief”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Verb

саламс • (salams)
* to steal
    саламс ярмакт ― salams jarmakt ― to steal money
* to rob
    саламс банк(а) ― salams bank(a) ― to rob a bank
* to abduct, hijack
    Террористтнэ саласть ёроплан.Terroristtnë salasť joroplan.The terrorists hijacked a plane.

### References

* B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “саламс”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
* Entry #871 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.