# bonsai
## English
### Etymology 1

From Japanese 盆栽 (bonsai), from Middle Chinese 盆 (MC bwon, “bowl”) + 栽 (MC tsoj|dzojH, “to plant”).

#### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈbɑnsaɪ/, /ˈbɑnzaɪ/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈbɒnsaɪ/
* Audio (US):(file)

#### Noun

bonsai (countable and uncountable, plural bonsai or bonsais)
* (countable) A tree or plant that has been miniaturized by planting it in a small pot, restricting its roots, and by careful pruning.
* (uncountable) The art of planting and growing trees or plants in such a manner.

#### Verb

bonsai (third-person singular simple present bonsais, present participle bonsaiing, simple past and past participle bonsaied)
* (transitive) To make into a bonsai by restricting the roots and pruning.
** 2001, Dennis Parks, Living in the Country Growing Weird, page 50:Could I be a father who was, so to speak, bonsaiing his children, trimming urban roots, and then twisting the emerging branches?

##### Derived terms

* bonsai army
* prebonsai

##### Translations
### Etymology 2
#### Interjection

bonsai
* Misspelling of banzai.

### Anagrams

* Bosnia, basion, sabino

## Danish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 盆栽.

### Noun

bonsai
* (countable) bonsai tree
* (uncountable) art of bonsai

#### Synonyms

* (tree): bonsaitræ

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Japanese 盆栽 (bonsai).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbonsɑi̯/, [ˈbo̞ns̠ɑ̝i̯]
* Rhymes: -onsɑi
* Hyphenation: bon‧sai

### Noun

bonsai
* bonsai

#### Declension

Possessive forms of bonsai (Kotus type 18/maa, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bonsaini
bonsaini
accusative
nom.
bonsaini
bonsaini
gen.
bonsaini
genitive
bonsaini
bonsaideni bonsaitteni
partitive
bonsaitani
bonsaitani
inessive
bonsaissani
bonsaissani
elative
bonsaistani
bonsaistani
illative
bonsaihini
bonsaihini
adessive
bonsaillani
bonsaillani
ablative
bonsailtani
bonsailtani
allative
bonsailleni
bonsailleni
essive
bonsainani
bonsainani
translative
bonsaikseni
bonsaikseni
abessive
bonsaittani
bonsaittani
instructive
comitative
—bonsaineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bonsaisi
bonsaisi
accusative
nom.
bonsaisi
bonsaisi
gen.
bonsaisi
genitive
bonsaisi
bonsaidesi bonsaittesi
partitive
bonsaitasi
bonsaitasi
inessive
bonsaissasi
bonsaissasi
elative
bonsaistasi
bonsaistasi
illative
bonsaihisi
bonsaihisi
adessive
bonsaillasi
bonsaillasi
ablative
bonsailtasi
bonsailtasi
allative
bonsaillesi
bonsaillesi
essive
bonsainasi
bonsainasi
translative
bonsaiksesi
bonsaiksesi
abessive
bonsaittasi
bonsaittasi
instructive
comitative
—bonsainesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bonsaimme
bonsaimme
accusative
nom.
bonsaimme
bonsaimme
gen.
bonsaimme
genitive
bonsaimme
bonsaidemme bonsaittemme
partitive
bonsaitamme
bonsaitamme
inessive
bonsaissamme
bonsaissamme
elative
bonsaistamme
bonsaistamme
illative
bonsaihimme
bonsaihimme
adessive
bonsaillamme
bonsaillamme
ablative
bonsailtamme
bonsailtamme
allative
bonsaillemme
bonsaillemme
essive
bonsainamme
bonsainamme
translative
bonsaiksemme
bonsaiksemme
abessive
bonsaittamme
bonsaittamme
instructive
comitative
—bonsainemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bonsainne
bonsainne
accusative
nom.
bonsainne
bonsainne
gen.
bonsainne
genitive
bonsainne
bonsaidenne bonsaittenne
partitive
bonsaitanne
bonsaitanne
inessive
bonsaissanne
bonsaissanne
elative
bonsaistanne
bonsaistanne
illative
bonsaihinne
bonsaihinne
adessive
bonsaillanne
bonsaillanne
ablative
bonsailtanne
bonsailtanne
allative
bonsaillenne
bonsaillenne
essive
bonsainanne
bonsainanne
translative
bonsaiksenne
bonsaiksenne
abessive
bonsaittanne
bonsaittanne
instructive
comitative
—bonsainenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
bonsainsa
bonsainsa
accusative
nom.
bonsainsa
bonsainsa
gen.
bonsainsa
genitive
bonsainsa
bonsaidensa bonsaittensa
partitive
bonsaitaan bonsaitansa
bonsaitaan bonsaitansa
inessive
bonsaissaan bonsaissansa
bonsaissaan bonsaissansa
elative
bonsaistaan bonsaistansa
bonsaistaan bonsaistansa
illative
bonsaihinsa
bonsaihinsa
adessive
bonsaillaan bonsaillansa
bonsaillaan bonsaillansa
ablative
bonsailtaan bonsailtansa
bonsailtaan bonsailtansa
allative
bonsailleen bonsaillensa
bonsailleen bonsaillensa
essive
bonsainaan bonsainansa
bonsainaan bonsainansa
translative
bonsaikseen bonsaiksensa
bonsaikseen bonsaiksensa
abessive
bonsaittaan bonsaittansa
bonsaittaan bonsaittansa
instructive
comitative
—bonsaineen bonsainensa :

#### Derived terms

* bonsaipuu

### Further reading

* “bonsai”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Japanese 盆栽(ぼんさい) (bonsai), from Middle Chinese 盆 (MC bwon, “bowl”) + 栽 (MC tsoj|dzojH, “to plant”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɔnsai̯]
* Hyphenation: bon‧sai

### Noun

bonsai (countable and uncountable, plural bonsai-bonsai)
* bonsai:
** A tree or plant that has been miniaturized by planting it in a small pot, restricting its roots, and by careful pruning.
** The art of planting and growing trees or plants in such a manner.

#### Alternative forms

* bongsai

#### Derived terms

* membonsai
* membonsaikan
* pebonsai
* pembonsaian

### Further reading

* “bonsai” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Japanese
### Romanization

bonsai
* Rōmaji transcription of ぼんさい

## Polish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English bonsai.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɔnˈzaj/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aj
* Syllabification: bon‧sai

### Noun

bonsai n (indeclinable)
* bonsai (tree or plant that has been miniaturized by planting it in a small pot, restricting its roots, and by careful pruning)
* bonsai (art of planting and growing trees or plants in such a manner)

### Further reading

* bonsai in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* bonsai in PWN's encyclopedia

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 盆栽 (ぼんさい, bonsai).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /bõˈsaj/ [bõˈsaɪ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /bõˈsaj/
* Hyphenation: bon‧sai

### Noun

bonsai m (plural bonsais)
* bonsai (a miniaturised tree or plant)
* (uncountable) bonsai (the art of growing miniaturised trees or plants)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbonsai/ [ˈbõn.sai̯]
* Rhymes: -onsai
* Syllabification: bon‧sai

### Noun

bonsai m (plural bonsais)
* bonsai