OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ombrager
## French
### Etymology

From ombrage +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ̃.bʁa.ʒe/
* Audio (Lyon):(file)

### Verb

ombrager
* (transitive) to shade
* (transitive) to overshadow

#### Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written ombrage- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

### Further reading

* “ombrager”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# lieu
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French lieu, from Latin locum, accusative of locus (“place”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /l(j)uː/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -uː
* Homophone: loo (in some accents)

### Noun

lieu (uncountable)
* A place or stead.

#### Derived terms

* in lieu
* in lieu of

#### Related terms

* lieu-dit

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* euil, liue

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ljø/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: lieue, lieus, lieux, lieues

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Middle French lieu, from Old French leu, from Latin locum, from Old Latin stlocus, from Proto-Indo-European *stel- (“to put, place, locate”).

#### Noun

lieu m (plural lieux)
* place
    Synonyms: endroit, place

##### Derived terms

* au lieu de
* avoir lieu
* avoir lieu de
* donner lieu
* en lieu et place de
* en lieu sûr
* en premier lieu
* en temps et lieu
* état des lieux
* haut lieu
* lieu commun
* lieu de culte
* lieu de mémoire
* lieu de travail
* lieu géométrique
* lieutenant
* lieux d’aisances
* sans feu ni lieu
* tenir lieu
* unité de lieux

##### Related terms

* louer
* loyer
* location

##### Descendants

* → English: lieu

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle French lief, from Old Norse lýr, lýrr, from Proto-Germanic *liuhizaz. Cognate with Norwegian lyr.

#### Noun

lieu m (plural lieus)
* any of several fish from the Pollachius family

##### Derived terms

* lieu de Norvège
* lieu d’Alaska
* lieu jaune
* lieu noir

### Further reading

* “lieu”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Middle French
### Etymology

From Old French leu.

### Noun

lieu m (plural lieux or lieus)
* place

#### Descendants

* French: lieu

## Norman
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse lýðrr.

### Noun

lieu m (plural lieus)
* (Jersey) whiting (fish)

## Romansch
### Alternative forms

* liug (Sursilvan)
* liac (Sutsilvan)
* li (Surmiran)
* lö (Puter, Vallader)

### Etymology

From Latin locus.

### Noun

lieu m
* (Rumantsch Grischun) place
# נלקח
## Hebrew
### Etymology

* Root
* ל־ק־ח (l-q-kh)
* 5 terms
Mediopassive of לָקַח (lakákh), from the root ל־ק־ח (l-k-ḥ).

### Verb

נִלְקַח • (nilkákh) (nif'al construction, active counterpart לָקַח)
* To be taken.
# ñuu
## Yosondúa Mixtec
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Mixtec *yúų̀.

#### Noun

ñuu
* pueblo, town, village

##### Derived terms

* Ñuu Kaa
* Ñuu Kaxndoꞌo
* Ñuu Koꞌyo
* Ñuu Xini Viko
* Ñuu Yoko
* ñuyɨvɨ

### Etymology 2

Cognate with Alcozauca Mixtec ñǔu, Chayuco Mixtec ñúú, San Juan Colorado Mixtec ñuú, San Miguel el Grande Mixtec ñúú.

#### Adverb

ñuu
* at night

### Etymology 3

Cognate with San Juan Colorado Mixtec ñúú (“stir”), San Miguel el Grande Mixtec ñuu.

#### Verb

ñuu
* (transitive) shake

### Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

ñuu
* life

### References

* Beaty de Farris, Kathryn, et al. (2012) Diccionario básico del mixteco de Yosondúa, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 46)‎ (in Spanish), third edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., pages 67–68
# veni
## Esperanto
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin, Italian venire and French venir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈveni]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -eni
* Hyphenation: ve‧ni

### Verb

veni (present venas, past venis, future venos, conditional venus, volitive venu)
* (intransitive) to come

#### Derived terms

* alveni (“to arrive”)
* antaŭveni (“to precede, to come before”)
* deveni (“to originate, to come from”)
* elveni (“to come out, to exit”)
* enveni (“to come into, to enter”)
* kunveni (“to gather, to congregate”)
* reveni (“to return; to come back”)

## Interlingua
### Verb

veni
* present of venir
* imperative of venir

## Latin
### Verb

vēnī
* first-person singular perfect active indicative of veniō

### Verb

venī
* second-person singular present active imperative of veniō

#### See also

* veni vidi vici

## Romanian
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin venīre, from Proto-Italic *gʷenjō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti, from zero-grade of *gʷem- + *-yéti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /veˈni/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -i
* Hyphenation: ve‧ni

### Verb

a veni (third-person singular present vine, past participle venit) 4th conjugation
* to come
    De unde veniți?Where do you come from?

#### Derived terms

* venire
* venit
* viitor

#### Related terms

* deveni
* reveni

### Further reading

* veni in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Slovene
### Verb

veni
* second-person singular imperative of veniti

## Uneapa
### Etymology

From earlier *vai-ni, from Proto-Oceanic *pai, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pai.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /βeni/

### Pronoun

veni
* where

### Further reading

* Ross, Malcolm D. (2003) Andrew Pawley, editor, The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic: Volume 2, The Physical Environment, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, →OCLC; republished as Meredith Osmond, editor, (Please provide a date or year)
# הימר
## Hebrew

* Root
* ה־מ־ר (h-m-r)
* 1 term

### Verb

הימר / הִמֵּר • (himér) (pi'el construction)
* to gamble

#### Conjugation
### Anagrams

* הרים
* מהיר
* מיהר
* רימה
# clientis
## Latin
### Noun

clientis m or f
* genitive singular of cliēns

### Noun

clientīs m or f
* accusative plural of cliēns
    Alternative form of clientēs
# sekva
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsekva]
* Rhymes: -ekva
* Hyphenation: sek‧va

### Adjective

sekva (accusative singular sekvan, plural sekvaj, accusative plural sekvajn)
* following, pertaining to following

#### Related terms

* sekvi
* sekvanta
* sekvinta
# waćpanną
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vat͡ɕˈpan.nɔw̃/
* Rhymes: -annɔw̃
* Syllabification: wać‧pan‧ną

### Noun

waćpanną
* instrumental singular of waćpanna
# שחזור
## Hebrew

* Root
* שׁ־ח־ז־ר (sh-kh-z-r)
* 1 term

### Alternative forms

* שיחזור (excessive spelling, about half less as common)

### Noun

שִׁחְזוּר • (shikh'zúr) m (plural indefinite שִׁחְזוּרִים, plural construct שִׁחְזוּרֵי־) [pattern: קִטּוּל]
* a restoration
* reconstruction

#### Declension

| Number | Isolated forms | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns |
| Number | State | Form | Person | singular | singular | plural | plural |
| Number | State | Form | Person | m. | f. | m. | f. |
| singular | indefinite | שִׁחְזוּר | first | שִׁחְזוּרִי | שִׁחְזוּרִי | שִׁחְזוּרֵנוּ | שִׁחְזוּרֵנוּ |
| singular | definite | הַשִּׁחְזוּר | second | שִׁחְזוּרְךָ | שִׁחְזוּרֵךְ | שִׁחְזוּרְכֶם | שִׁחְזוּרְכֶן |
| singular | construct | שִׁחְזוּר־ | third | שִׁחְזוּרוֹ | שִׁחְזוּרָהּ | שִׁחְזוּרָם | שִׁחְזוּרָן |
| plural | indefinite | שִׁחְזוּרִים | first | שחזוריי / שִׁחְזוּרַי | שחזוריי / שִׁחְזוּרַי | שִׁחְזוּרֵינוּ | שִׁחְזוּרֵינוּ |
| plural | definite | הַשִּׁחְזוּרִים | second | שִׁחְזוּרֶיךָ | שחזורייך / שִׁחְזוּרַיִךְ | שִׁחְזוּרֵיכֶם | שִׁחְזוּרֵיכֶן |
| plural | construct | שִׁחְזוּרֵי־ | third | שִׁחְזוּרָיו | שִׁחְזוּרֶיהָ | שִׁחְזוּרֵיהֶם | שִׁחְזוּרֵיהֶן |

### References

* “שחזור” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

### Further reading

* שחזור_(מעשה_עבירה) on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# testun
## Welsh
### Etymology

From Middle Welsh testun, from Proto-Brythonic *testʉn, contracted from Latin testimōnium (“testimony, evidence”). It is unclear whether the contraction took place in Proto-Brythonic (thus via a form *testɨβ̃ʉn) or in Vulgar Latin (thus via a form *testōnium).

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈtɛsdɨ̞n/, [ˈtɛstɨ̞n]
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈtɛstɪn/, [ˈtɛsdɪn]
* Rhymes: -ɛsdɨ̞n

### Noun

testun m (plural testunau)
* text
* subject, matter

#### Derived terms

* cyd-destun (“context”)
* hyperdestun (“hypertext”)
* is-destun (“subtext”)
* neges destun (“text message”)
* rhyngdestun (“intertext”)
* testunol (“textual”)

#### Related terms

* tecstio (“text”, verb)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “testun”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# mineral caoutchouc
## English
### Noun

mineral caoutchouc (uncountable)
* (archaic) Elaterite.
# ריגל
## Hebrew

* Root
* ר־ג־ל (r-g-l)
* 10 terms

### Verb

ריגל / רִגֵּל • (rigél) (pi'el construction)
* to spy

#### Conjugation
### Anagrams

* רגיל
# emplecton
## English
### Alternative forms

* emplection (archaic)

### Etymology

French or Latin emplecton, from Ancient Greek ἐμπλέκω (emplékō, “to plait or weave in”); ἐν (en, “in”) + πλέκω (plékō, “to twist, weave”).

### Noun

emplecton (countable and uncountable, plural emplectons)
* A kind of masonry in which the outer faces of the wall are ashlar, the space between being filled with broken stone and mortar. Cross layers of stone are interlaid as binders.
** 1980, Romanian Review - Volume 35, page 97:In these cases, it has been envisaged the pulling off of the emplectons of the wall, the removal of the roots, the placing back of the loose blocks and finally the placing back of the emplectons so as not to exert too great a pressure on the paraments of the wall.

### References

1849-1850, John Weale, Rudimentary Dictionary of Terms used in Architecture, Building, and Engineering
# ثانیه
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ثَانِيَة (ṯāniya).

### Noun

ثانیه • (saniye)
* second (unit of time)

#### Derived terms

* ثانیه‌لی (saniyeli, “with a second hand; with a timer”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: saniye
** → Laz: სანიჲე (saniye)
* → Ubykh: саниа (sanja)

### References

* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “saniye”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ثَانِيَة (ṯāniya).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [sɑː.ni.ja]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sɑː.ni.jä]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sɑː.ni.jä]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [sɑː.ni.jä]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [sɔː.ni.jä]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [sɒː.ni.je]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [sɔ.ni.jä]

### Noun

| Dari | ثانیه |
| Iranian Persian | ثانیه |
| Tajik | сония |
ثانیه • (sâniye) (plural ثانیه‌ها (sâniye-hâ))
* second (unit of time)
    یک دقیقه شصت ثانیه دارد.yek daqiqe šast sâniye dârad.One minute has sixty seconds.

#### Descendants

* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: सानिया (sāniyā)
    Urdu: ثانیہ (sāniyā)
# cotrustee
## English
### Alternative forms

* co-trustee

### Etymology

From co- +‎ trustee.

### Noun

cotrustee (plural cotrustees)
* A joint trustee.

### References

* “cotrustee”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# אמד
## Hebrew

* Root
* א־מ־ד (ʾ-m-d)
* 1 term

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /(ʔ)amad/
* Homophone: עָמַד ('amád)

### Verb

אָמַד • (amád) (pa'al construction)
* to evaluate, to estimate
# quyk
## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* quic, quicke, quik, quike, quikke, quycke, quyke, quykke, qwicke, qwik, qwyck, qwyk, qwyke
* cwic, cwich, cwick, cwuc (Early Middle English)
* qwhyke, weke, whik, whike, whikk, whyk, whyke, whykke (Northern)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old English cwic, from Proto-West Germanic *kwiku, from Proto-Germanic *kwikwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kwik/, /kweːk/

### Adjective

quyk (plural and weak singular quyke, superlative quykest)
* living, alive, active
** c. 1368, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Book of the Duchess, as recorded c. 1440–1450 in Bodleian Library MS. Fairfax 16, folio 131r:
    Sende me grace to slepe and mete / In my slepe some certeyn sweven / Wher thorgh that I may knowe even / Whethir my lorde be quyke or dedSend me grace to sleep and dream / Some trustworthy dream in my sleep / Through which I might know exactly / Whether my lord is alive or dead.
* active, alert
* vibrant, powerful, forceful, effective, apparent
* keen, perceptive
* fast, speedy, quick

#### Derived terms

* quyk lym
* quyk silver
* quykly
* quyknesse
* quyksande

#### Descendants

* English: quick (dialectal wick)
** → Ido: quik
* Scots: quick, queek

### Noun

quyk (plural quykes or quyk)
* living being

### Adverb

quyk
* quickly, immediately
* while living

### References

* “quī̆k, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-03-27.
* “quik, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-03-27.
# מריצה
## Hebrew

* Root
* ר־ו־ץ (r-w-ts)
* 4 terms

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /me.ʁiˈt͡sa/
* Rhymes: -a
* Hyphenation: מְ‧רִי‧צָה

### Noun

מְרִיצָה • (m'ritsá) f (plural indefinite מְרִיצוֹת, singular construct מְרִיצַת־, plural construct מְרִיצוֹת־) [pattern: קְטִילָה]
* a wheelbarrow

### Anagrams

* צהרים
# մղտություն
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian մղտութիւն (młtutʻiwn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /məχtuˈtʰjun/, [məχtut͡sʰjún]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /məʁduˈtʏn/, [məʁdutʰʏ́n]
* Hyphenation: մըղ‧տու‧թյուն

### Noun

մղտություն • (mġtutʻyun) (traditional orthography spelling մղտութիւն)
* (rare) darkness
    Synonyms: մթություն (mtʻutʻyun), խավար (xavar)

#### Declension

*colloquial **dated

### References

* Sukʻiasyan, A. M. (1967) “մղտություն”, in Aġayan Ē. B., Sewak G. G., editors, Hayocʻ lezvi homanišneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Synonyms] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press
* Barseġyan, Hovhannes (1973) “մղտություն”, in Hayeren uġġagrakan-uġġaxosakan, terminabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Orthographic–Orthoepic Terminological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Luys
# shoorth
## Yola
### Alternative forms

* skoorth

### Etymology

From early Middle English scurte, from Old English sċyrte, from Proto-West Germanic *skurtijā.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃuːrt/, /skuːrt/

### Noun

shoorth
* shirt

#### Related terms

* scoth (“shirt”)

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 67
# כדורעף
## Hebrew
### Etymology

* Roots
* כ־ד־ר (k-d-r)
* 4 terms
* ע־ו־ף (ʿ-w-p)
* 7 terms
כדור (kadúr, “ball”) +‎ עף ('af, “flying”), Calque of English volleyball (volley is derived from Middle French volee (“flight”)).

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /kaduʁˈ(ʕ)af/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

כַּדּוּרְעָף • (kadur'áf) m
* (uncountable) volleyball

#### Derived terms

* כדורעף חופים (kadur'af khofim, “beach valleyball”)
# North Ostrobothnia
## English
### Etymology

Calque of Finnish Pohjois-Pohjanmaa.

### Proper noun

North Ostrobothnia
* A region in central Finland.

#### Synonyms

* Northern Ostrobothnia

#### Derived terms

* North Ostrobothnian
# acetylsalicylic acid
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

acetylsalicylic acid (uncountable)
* (organic chemistry, pharmacology) The acetate ester of salicylic acid (aspirin).

#### Synonyms

* ASA
* aspirin

#### Hypernyms

* NSAID

#### Coordinate terms

* para-acetylaminophenol (tylenol)

#### Derived terms

* ASA (abbreviation)

#### Further reading

* Aspirin on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# תאימות
## Hebrew

* Root
* ת־א־ם (t-ʾ-m)
* 6 terms

### Noun

תְּאִימוּת • (t'imút) f (singular construct תאימות־)
* compatibility

### References

* “תאימות” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# tapis pelewat tinggi
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of tapis (“high”) +‎ pelewat +‎ tinggi (“filter”).

### Noun

tapis pelewat tinggi (plural tapis-tapis pelewat tinggi)
* (telecommunications) high-pass filter: an electronic filter that passes signals with a frequency higher than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency.

### Further reading

* “tapis pelewat tinggi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# cenění
## Czech
### Etymology

From cenit +‎ -ní.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡sɛɲɛɲiː]

### Noun

cenění n
* verbal noun of cenit
* (informal) auction
    Synonym: dražba
* appreciation
* showing teeth

#### Declesicion
### Further reading

* “cenění”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “cenění”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# splotch
## English
### Alternative forms

* splatch

### Etymology

From a variation of splot (“a spot”) (compare blotch, from blot). More at splot.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /splɒtʃ/
* Rhymes: -ɒtʃ

### Noun

splotch (plural splotches)
* An irregular-shaped spot or stain.

#### Synonyms

* splodge

#### Derived terms

* splotchy

#### References

* “splotch”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Verb

splotch (third-person singular simple present splotches, present participle splotching, simple past and past participle splotched)
* To mark with splotches.
# כלנית
## Hebrew
### Etymology

* Root
* כ־ל־ל (k-l-l)
* 14 terms
Coined by the Academy of the Hebrew Language in 1912, from Aramaic כַּלָּנִיתָא (kallānīṯā, “type of reed”), based on Classical Syriac ܟܠܘܢܝܬܐ (kallōnīṯā, “anemone”), both diminutives of כַּלְּתָא (kalləṯā, “bride”). Can be synchronically analyzed as כַּלָּה (kalá, “bride”) +‎ ־נִית (-nít).

### Noun

כַּלָּנִית • (kalanít) f (plural indefinite כַּלָּנִיּוֹת)
* anemone (any plant of the genus Anemone, of the Ranunculaceae (or buttercup) family, such as the windflower)

### References

* “כלנית” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# Sáimis
## Irish
### Etymology

From Sámi (+ -is (“-ish, -ese”)), from one of the Sami languages.

### Proper noun

Sáimis f (genitive Sáimise)
* Sami, Lapp, Lappish (language)
    Synonym: Laplainnis

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
Sáimis
vocative
a Sháimis
genitive
Sáimise
dative
Sáimis
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an tSáimis
genitive
na Sáimise
dative
leis an tSáimis don tSáimis :

#### Related terms

* An Laplainn f (“Lapland, Saamiland, Samiland, Sápmi”)
* Laplannach, Sámach (“Sami, Lapp, Lappish”, adjective)
* Laplannach m, Sámach m (“Sami, Lapp, Lapplander”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* “Sami”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
# השפיל
## Hebrew

* Root
* שׁ־פ־ל (sh-p-l)
* 2 terms

### Verb

הִשְׁפִּיל • (hishpíl) (hif'il construction)
* to humiliate
# mâm xôi
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “The xôi element might be 菜 (MC tshojH), as also seen in Cantonese 菠菜 (bo$^1$ coi$^3$) > (cải) bó xôi (“spinach”). The first element is weird though, since mâm is a totally normal word shape in Vietnamese, but /mVm/ syllables aren't really a thing across Sinitic languages.”

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [məm˧˧ soj˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [məm˧˧ soj˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [məm˧˧ soj˧˧]

### Noun

(classifier cây, quả, trái) mâm xôi
* berries of the genus Rubus, especially the raspberry
    Synonyms: đùm đũm, ngấy

#### Derived terms

* mâm xôi đen
# shreds
## English
### Noun

shreds
* plural of shred
* A state of great damage.
    torn to shreds

### Anagrams

* sherds
# toponym
## English
### Etymology

Back-formation from toponymy. By surface analysis, topo +‎ -nym.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈtɒpənɪm/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

toponym (plural toponyms)
* A placename.
    Synonyms: placename, nomen loci, geographic name, geographical name
    Hyponyms: hydronym, oronym
** 2003, William C. Wonders, Canada's Changing North, →ISBN, page 207:As we celebrate one hundred years of official 'standardization' of Canadian toponyms, this would be an appropriate time to reflect upon the state of toponyms used by the Aboriginal people of Canada.
** 2006, Robert J. Sharer, Loa P. Traxler, The Ancient Maya, →ISBN, page 714:Conquests were recorded using toponyms that refer to specific cities or locations, and war captives were identified by their place of origin.
** 2006, George Athas, The Tel Dan Inscription: A Reappraisal and a New Introduction, →ISBN:If ביתדוד of the Tel Dan Inscription did originate with a temple of some kind, then we must interpret the ‘’’toponym’’’ as meaning 'House of (the) Patron'. Thus, although the toponym ביתדוד in the Tel Dan Inscription can be connected indirectly with a deity, such a connection is not demanded by the toponym itself.
* (less common) A word derived from the name of a place.
    Coordinate term: eponym
    ‘Tangerine’ is a toponym of Tangier.
** 2010, Seyed Ghahreman Safavi, Simon Weightman, Rumi's Mystical Design: Reading the Mathnawi, Book One, →ISBN, page 1:The name Rūmī, by which he is widely known in the West, is a toponym referring to the fact that he lived in the province of Rūm (Anatolia), the country now known as Turkey.
** 2012, Suzanne Barchers, Sixth Grade Parent Guide for Your Child's Success, →ISBN:Next time you go out for a hamburger, ask your sixth grader to find the toponyms. They are words that come from the names of places, like hamburger comes from Hamburg, Germany.
** 2015, Peter E. Meltzer, The Thinker's Thesaurus: Sophisticated Alternatives to Common Words, →ISBN:During the Second Boer War (1899-1902), English officers who had done badly were sent to the British military base at Stellenbosch, without losing rank, to look after horses there. Eventually, the term came to refer to relegating or reassigning someone considered incompetent or incapable to a position of lower responsibility, and is thus a demotion, even though there may be no loss of rank or pay. It generally, though not always, arises in connection with military affairs. The word is therefore known as a toponym (see place-name).
** 2015, Julius Kirshner, Marriage, Dowry, and Citizenship in Late Medieval and Renaissance Italy, →ISBN:Those husbands with toponyms such as “d'Incisa,” “da Montelupo,” “da Volterra,” and the like we classify as non-Florentine.
* (anatomy) The technical designation of any region of an animal.

#### Derived terms

* toponymic, toponymous

#### Translations
### See also

* eponym
* troponym
* Category:English terms derived from toponyms

### References

* ↑ “toponym”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.