# 擅

| 擅 | U+64C5, &#25797; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64C5 |
| ← 擄 [U+64C4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 擆 → [U+64C6] |

## Translingual
### Han character

擅 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 手卜田一 (QYWM), four-corner 5001$_6$, composition ⿰扌亶)
* monopolize
* claim
* arbitrarily
* to dare
* to be good at

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 457, character 34
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12790
* Dae Jaweon: page 806, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1971, character 4
* Unihan data for U+64C5

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 擅 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 皽 | *tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ |
| 担 | *taːnʔ |
| 胆 | *daːn, *daːn |
| 疸 | *taːnʔ, *taːns |
| 觛 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ |
| 亶 | *taːnʔ |
| 嬗 | *taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans |
| 笪 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd |
| 狚 | *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd |
| 旦 | *taːns |
| 鴠 | *taːns |
| 譠 | *tʰaːn, *rteːn |
| 坦 | *tʰaːnʔ |
| 但 | *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns |
| 檀 | *daːn |
| 壇 | *daːn |
| 儃 | *daːn, *djan |
| 驙 | *daːn, *tan |
| 袒 | *daːnʔ, *rdeːns |
| 襢 | *daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans |
| 繵 | *daːnʔ |
| 膻 | *daːnʔ |
| 澶 | *daːns, *djan |
| 邅 | *tan, *danʔ, *dans |
| 鱣 | *tan |
| 饘 | *tjan, *tjanʔ |
| 旜 | *tjan |
| 氈 | *tjan |
| 鸇 | *tjan |
| 顫 | *tjans |
| 蟺 | *djanʔ |
| 擅 | *djans |
| 羶 | *hljan |
| 呾 | *taːd, *ʔraːd |
| 怛 | *taːd |
| 妲 | *taːd |
| 靼 | *taːd, *tjad |
| 炟 | *taːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *djans) : semantic 手 (“hands”) + phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shàn (shan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sin$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siān
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shàn
*** Wade–Giles: shan$^4$
*** Yale: shàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shann
*** Palladius: шань (šanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sin$^6$
*** Yale: sihn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sin$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xin$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːn²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siān
*** Tâi-lô: siān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sien
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɛn²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɛn⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɛn²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɛn³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɛn³³/
* Middle Chinese: dzyenH
Rime :
| Character | 擅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 時戰切 |
| Baxter | dzyenH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑiᴇn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɛn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑjæn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑian$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiɛn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭɛn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʑi̯ɛn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sin$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]a[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*djans/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 擅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyen$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[d]a[n]-s/ |
| English | act without authority |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 擅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2094 |
| Phonetic component | 旦 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 繕 |
| Old Chinese | /*djans/ |

### Definitions

擅
* to hold all in one's hands; to monopolize
* to own; to possess
* to be good at
* to do on one's own initiative; to do according to one's wishes

#### Compounds

* 不擅
* 專擅 / 专擅 (zhuānshàn)
* 擅作主張 / 擅作主张
* 擅作威福
* 擅便
* 擅入 (shànrù)
* 擅兵
* 擅國 / 擅国
* 擅場 / 擅场
* 擅專 / 擅专
* 擅改
* 擅權 / 擅权 (shànquán)
* 擅用
* 擅自 (shànzì)
* 擅自作主
* 擅變 / 擅变
* 擅長 / 擅长 (shàncháng)
* 擅離職守 / 擅离职守
* 攝威擅勢 / 摄威擅势
* 文擅彫龍 / 文擅雕龙
* 獨擅勝場 / 独擅胜场
* 能歌擅舞

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぜん (zen)
* Kan-on: せん (sen)
* Kun: ほしいまま (hoshiimama, 擅)

#### Compounds

* 擅権(せんけん) (senken)
* 擅恣(せんし) (senshi)
* 擅制(せんせい) (sensei)
* 擅断(せんだん) (sendan)
* 専擅(せんせん) (sensen)
* 独擅(どくせん) (dokusen)
** 独擅場(どくせんじょう) (dokusenjō)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 擅
* せん Hyōgai
* kan'on
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sẽ̞ɴ]
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 擅 – see the following entry. :
| 【縦ほしいまま】6 | [adjective] selfish, at will [adjective] arbitrary Alternative spellings 恣, 欲しい儘, 欲しい侭, 肆 |
(This term, 擅, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

擅 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

擅: Hán Nôm readings: chen, thiện
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.