# vocalis
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vōcālis (“sounding, vocal”), clipping of mūsculus vōcālis (“vocal muscle”). Doublet of vocal and vowel.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /voʊˈkeɪ.lɪs/
* Rhymes: -eɪlɪs

### Noun

vocalis (plural vocales)
* (anatomy) A triangular band of muscle that is the medial part of the thyroarytenoid muscle, originates in the lamina of the thyroid cartilage, and inserts into the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage; it lies parallel with the vocal ligament to which it is adherent and modulates the tension of the true vocal cords.

#### Translations
### References

* “vocalis”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /u̯oːˈkaː.lis/, [u̯oːˈkäːlʲɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /voˈka.lis/, [voˈkäːlis]

### Etymology 1

From vōx (“a voice, sound, tone”) +‎ -ālis (“-al”, adjective-forming derivational suffix).

#### Adjective

vōcālis (neuter vōcāle, adverb vōcāliter); third-declension two-termination adjective
* (literally) uttering a voice, having a voice; speaking, sounding, sonorous, speaking, crying, singing, melodious; vocal
* (transferred sense):
** (causative, rare, poetic) making vocal, causing or inspiring speech or song
** prophesying
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

##### Inflection

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

##### Derived terms

* sēmivocālis
* vōcālitās (noun)
* vōcāliter (adverb)
* vōcālēs

##### Descendants

* → Catalan: vocal
* → Dutch: vocaal
* → English: vocal, vocalis
* → German: vokal
* → Italian: vocale
* → Old French: vocal
** → French: vocal
* → Portuguese: vocal
* → Romanian: vocal
* → Spanish: vocal
* → Swedish: vokal

### Etymology 2

Noun use of the adjective vōcālis, in elliptical use for littera vōcālis or lītera vōcālis (literally “sounding letter”), a calque of Ancient Greek φωνῆεν (phōnêen).

#### Noun

vōcālis f (genitive vōcālis); third declension
* (grammar) vowel
    Synonyms: littera vōcālis, lītera vōcālis

##### Inflection

Third-declension noun (i-stem, ablative singular in -e or -ī).

##### Descendants

* → Aragonese: vocal
* → Asturian: vocal
* → Catalan: vocal
* Corsican: vucale
* → Czech: vokál
* → Danish: vokal
* → Dutch: vocaal, vokaal (superseded)
** Afrikaans: vokaal
** → Indonesian: vokal
** →? Malay: vokal
* → Dutch: klinker (calque)
** Afrikaans: klinker
** → West Frisian: klinker
* → Friulian: vocâl
* → German: Vokal m
** → Esperanto: vokalo m
** → Yiddish: וואָקאַל m (vokal)
* → Interlingua: vocal
* → Italian: vocale
* → Latvian: vokālis
* → Macedonian: вокал (vokal)
* → Norwegian:
    → Norwegian Bokmål: vokal
    → Norwegian Nynorsk: vokal
* Old French: voyeul, vouel
** French: voyelle
** Walloon: voyale
** → English: vowel
** → Scots: vouel
* → Old Irish: gutte (calque)
** Irish: guta
* Old Galician-Portuguese:
** Galician: vogal
** Portuguese: vogal
* → Romanian: vocală
* → Romansch: vocal
* → Russian: гла́сный (glásnyj) (calque)
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic: вокал
    Roman: vokal
* → Spanish: vocal
** → Basque: bokal
* → Swedish: vokal
** →? Finnish: vokaali
** →? Ingrian: vokaali
** →? Veps: vokal'
* → Ukrainian: голосний (holosnyj) (calque)

### See also

* cōnsonāns

### References

* “vocalis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “vocalis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* vocalis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* vocalis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Middle High German
### Etymology

From Latin vōcālis.

### Noun

vocalis f
* vowel
** 13th century. In: Seifried Helbling. Herausgegeben und erklärt von Joseph Seemüller, Halle a. S., 1886, p. 237f.:
    Quinque sunt vocales A E I O U. Diu êrst vocalis ist daz â. [...] Diu dritt vocalis ist daz î. [...] Diu fünft vocalis ist daz û. [...](please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 13th century. In: Das deutsche Kirchenlied von der ältesten Zeit bis zu Anfang des XVII. Jahrhunderts. Von Philipp Wackernagel. Zweiter Band, Leipzig, 1867, p. 209:
    Quinque sunt vocales, | A E I O U. | Diu erst vocalis ist daz a. | [...] | Diu dritt vocalis ist daz i. | [...] | Diu vünft vocalis ist daz u. | [...]

#### Related terms

* vocales