# 螢

| 螢 | U+87A2, &#34722; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-87A2 |
| ← 螡 [U+87A1] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 螣 → [U+87A3] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 螢 |
| Shinjitai | 蛍 |
| Simplified | 萤 |

### Han character

螢 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 火火月中戈 (FFBLI), four-corner 9913$_6$, composition ⿱𤇾虫)

#### Derived characters

* 𪦱, 𢤨, 㶈, 𤫁, 𥌴

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1093, character 45
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33434
* Dae Jaweon: page 1558, character 32
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2881, character 6
* Unihan data for U+87A2

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 鶯 | *qreːŋ |
| 罃 | *qreːŋ |
| 嫈 | *qreːŋ, *qreːŋs, *qʷeŋ |
| 褮 | *qreːŋ, *qʷeŋ, *ɢʷeːŋ |
| 覮 | *pqʰʷeːŋ |
| 謍 | *qʰʷreːŋ, *qʷreːŋ, *ɢʷeŋ |
| 䁝 | *qʷraːŋʔ |
| 嶸 | *ɢʷreːŋ, *ɢʷreŋ |
| 嵤 | *ɢʷreːŋ |
| 榮 | *ɢʷreŋ |
| 瑩 | *ɢʷreŋ, *qʷeːŋs |
| 蠑 | *ɢʷreŋ |
| 禜 | *ɢʷreŋ, *ɢʷreŋs |
| 醟 | *ɢʷreŋs, *qʰʷeŋs |
| 檾 | *kʰʷeŋʔ, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 煢 | *ɡʷeŋ |
| 焭 | *ɡʷeŋ |
| 縈 | *qʷeŋ |
| 營 | *ɢʷeŋ |
| 鎣 | *ɢʷeŋ, *qʷeːŋs |
| 塋 | *ɢʷeŋ |
| 濴 | *ɢʷeŋ |
| 熒 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
| 螢 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
| 滎 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
| 濙 | *qʷeːŋʔ |
| 瀅 | *qʷeːŋs |

### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Related to 熒 (OC *ɡʷeːŋ, “luminous, fluorescent; to shine, to shimmer, to dazzle”)?”
From 虫 "worm", 熒 "fluorescent" sound, indicating fireflies.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yíng (ying$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jing$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yen$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yìn
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yin$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ìng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): êng / iâⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iong$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yíng
*** Wade–Giles: ying$^2$
*** Yale: yíng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yng
*** Palladius: ин (in)
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jing$^4$
*** Yale: yìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jing$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ying$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪŋ²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yen$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /jen²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: in$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /in¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)in$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)in¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /in¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ìng
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: êng
*** Tâi-lô: îng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: eeng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ²³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /iɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ¹³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: iânn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: viaa
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /iã²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iã²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iã¹³/
* êng - literary;
* iâⁿ - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit螢 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /iŋ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /iŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /iŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /iŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /iŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /iŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /iŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /iə̃²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /iŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ĩn⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /iŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /in²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /yn³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /in²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ĩ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /in²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /in⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iəŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /yŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /ĩŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦioŋ²³/ /ɦiŋ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦin¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦin²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /joŋ³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /yʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /iɛ⁴⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /yn¹³/ /ian¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /yn¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /yn⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /in¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /in¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jeŋ²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /jeŋ²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /jiŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /iŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /iaŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /iaŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ioŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /zɔŋ³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: hweng
Rime :
| Character | 螢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (126) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 戸扃切 |
| Baxter | hweng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦweŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷeŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣueŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣiweŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣiweŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xióng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wing$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-qʷˤeŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 螢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yíng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hweng › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-qʷˁeŋ/ |
| English | glow-worm |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 螢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15387 |
| Phonetic component | 熒 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 熒 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷeːŋ/ |

### Definitions

螢
* firefly

### Compounds

* 囊螢 / 囊萤
* 囊螢積雪 / 囊萤积雪
* 映雪囊螢 / 映雪囊萤
* 流螢 / 流萤 (liúyíng)
* 照螢映雪 / 照萤映雪
* 積雪囊螢 / 积雪囊萤
* 聚螢 / 聚萤
* 聚螢映雪 / 聚萤映雪
* 聚螢積雪 / 聚萤积雪
* 螢光 / 萤光 (yíngguāng)
* 螢光劑 / 萤光剂
* 螢光幕 / 萤光幕 (yíngguāngmù)
* 螢光板 / 萤光板
* 螢光燈 / 萤光灯 (yíngguāngdēng)
* 螢光粉 / 萤光粉
* 螢光體 / 萤光体
* 螢幕 / 萤幕 (yíngmù)
* 螢火 / 萤火 (yínghuǒ)
* 螢火蟲 / 萤火虫 (yínghuǒchóng)
* 螢石 / 萤石 (yíngshí)
* 螢窗 / 萤窗
* 螢窗雪案 / 萤窗雪案
* 螢蛾 / 萤蛾
* 螢雪 / 萤雪
* 車胤囊螢 / 车胤囊萤
* 集螢映雪 / 集萤映雪
* 雪案螢燈 / 雪案萤灯
* 雪案螢窗 / 雪案萤窗
* 雪窗螢几
* 雪窗螢火 / 雪窗萤火

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 蛍 |
| Kyūjitai | 螢 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 蛍)
* firefly

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
* Kan-on: けい (kei)
* Kun: ほたる (hotaru, 螢)

### Etymology

For pronunciation and definitions of 螢 – see the following entry. :
| 【蛍】S | [kanji] jōyō kanji Kanji reading: ぎょう, けい, ほたる |
(This term, 螢, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 螢 (MC hweng). Recorded as Middle Korean 혀ᇰ (hyeng) (Yale: hyeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 螢 (eumhun 반딧불이 형 (banditburi hyeong))
* hanja form of 형 (“glow-worm; luminous insect”)

#### Compounds

* 형과 (螢科, hyeonggwa)
* 형광 (螢光, hyeonggwang)
* 형광등 (螢光燈, hyeonggwangdeung)
* 형광체 (螢光體, hyeonggwangche)
* 형광판 (螢光板, hyeonggwangpan)
* 형석 (螢石, hyeongseok)
* 형설 (螢雪, hyeongseol)
* 형창 (螢窓, hyeongchang)
* 형학 (螢學, hyeonghak)
* 형화 (螢火, hyeonghwa)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

螢: Hán Nôm readings: huỳnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.