OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# balls to the wall
## English
### Alternative forms

* balls-to-the-wall, balls to the walls, balls-to-the-walls

### Etymology

First attested in the 1960s in the context of aviation, in reference to ball-shaped grips on an aircraft's engine controls (typically throttle, prop pitch and fuel mixture). Pushing these "balls to the wall" would put the aircraft at maximum thrust. Analogous to pedal to the metal. Not related to the term balls-out, which refers to a ball governor on a steam engine. Neither balls-out nor balls to the wall is connected with the vulgar sense of balls (“testicles”) except via folk etymology.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Adverb

balls to the wall (not comparable)
* (US, idiomatic, slang) With maximum effort or commitment.
    Synonym: all out
** 2006, Michael D. Brown, Testimony before the US Senate Homeland Security Committee:I told the staff...the day before the hurricane struck that I expected them to cut every piece of red tape, do everything they could, that it was balls to the wall, that I didn't want to hear anybody say that we couldn't do anything—to do everything they humanly could to respond.
** 2021 November 1, Samantha Hissong, quoting Gordon Goner, “How Four NFT Novices Created a Billion-Dollar Ecosystem of Cartoon Apes”, in Rolling Stone‎:“I always go balls to the wall,” founding Ape Gordon Goner tells Rolling Stone over Zoom.
** 2023 June 15, Kat Moon, “Ashley Park’s Main Character Energy From ‘Joy Ride’ Is Here To Stay: ‘I’m Treating Myself Like A Lead Now’”, in Women's Health‎:“Asian women on-screen, especially in America and Hollywood, have been so sexualized and fetishized for the benefit of other people’s stories or jokes,” Ashley says. “And we’re like, ‘We’re gonna go balls to the wall, further than anyone’s gone with Asian women.’”
* (US, idiomatic, slang) Full throttle; (at) maximum speed. [since the 1960s]

#### See also

* go to the wall
* pedal to the metal

### References

* ↑ “balls to the wall”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
* ↑ Jesse Shiedlower (2006 February 10) “Balls in the Air”, in Slate‎
* ↑ David Wilton, Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends: The second of these alleged railroad phrases is the phrase balls to the wall, meaning [making] an all-out-effort. Like balling the jack, this phrase is often thought to have arisen from railroad work. The speed of the governor on train engines had round, metal weights at the end of the arms. As the speed increased, the spinning balls would rise — being perpendicular to the walls at maximum speed. But there is no evidence to support this story. No use of the phrase is known to exist prior to the mid-1960s, and all the early citations are from military aviation, not railroads.

### Further reading

* wide open throttle on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# hypoallergenic
## English
### Etymology

Coined between 1950 and 1955 from hypo- +‎ allergenic. Some say that it was coined by advertisers in 1953. Merriam-Webster puts the date at 1940.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /haɪ.pəʊ.æl.ə(ɹ)ˈdʒɛn.ɪk/
* (US) IPA: /haɪ.poʊ.æl.ɚˈd͡ʒɛn.ɪk/
* Rhymes: -ɛnɪk

### Adjective

hypoallergenic (comparative more hypoallergenic, superlative most hypoallergenic)
* Containing fewer allergens; minimally allergenic.
** 2017, Howard Bennett, The Fantastic Body: What Makes You Tick & How You Get Sick:However, unless you have a nonshedding, nonlicking breed, there's no such thing as a truly hypoallergenic dog. How about a nice goldfish instead?
* (immunology) Relating to a hypoallergen.

#### Usage notes

The first sense of the term is used by advertisers for cosmetics, jewelry, pets, food, and so on, but it does not have a precise medical meaning. The FDA tells consumers, “There are no federal standards or definitions that govern the use of the term hypoallergenic. The term hypoallergenic means whatever a particular company wants it to mean.”

#### Synonyms

* hypoallergic

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ “hypoallergenic”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
* 1 2 Carmel Smyth (2000 October 3) “Hypoallergenic: What's in a Word?”, in Marketplace Microscope‎, CBC, archived from the original on 10 June 2004
* ↑ “hypoallergenic”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
# przyzwyczajenie jest drugą naturą człowieka
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “getting used [to something] is man's second nature”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /pʂɘ.zvɘ.t͡ʂaˈjɛ.ɲɛ ˈjɛst ˈdru.ɡɔw̃ naˈtu.rɔw̃ t͡ʂwɔˈvjɛ.ka/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /pʂɘ.zvɘ.t͡ʂaˈjɛ.ɲɛ ˈjɛst ˈdru.ɡɔm naˈtu.rɔm t͡ʂwɔˈvjɛ.ka/
* Syllabification: przy‧zwy‧cza‧je‧nie jest dru‧gą na‧tu‧rą czło‧wie‧ka

### Proverb

przyzwyczajenie jest drugą naturą człowieka
* (idiomatic) you can't teach an old dog new tricks, old habits die hard

### Further reading

* przyzwyczajenie jest drugą naturą człowieka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* przyzwyczajenie jest drugą naturą człowieka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# inglorious
## English
### Etymology

From Latin inglōriōsus. By surface analysis, in- +‎ glorious.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪnˈɡlɔɹi.əs/, /ɪnˈɡloʊɹi.əs/
* Hyphenation: in‧glo‧ri‧ous
* Rhymes: -ɔːɹiəs

### Adjective

inglorious (comparative more inglorious, superlative most inglorious)
* Ignominious; disgraceful. [from 1573]
** c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], page 18, column 2:Oh inglorious league: / Shall we vpon the footing of our land, / Send fayre-play-orders, and make comprimiſe, / Inſinuation, parley, and baſe truce / To Armes Inuaſiue?
** 1831 October 31, Mary W[ollstonecraft] Shelley, chapter VI, in Frankenstein: Or, The Modern Prometheus (Standard Novels; IX), 3rd edition, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 54:Resolved to pursue no inglorious career, he turned his eyes toward the East, as affording scope for his spirit of enterprise.
** 1906 May–October, Jack London, “The Famine”, in White Fang, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., published October 1906, →OCLC, part 3 (The Gods of the Wild), page 173:[H]e cast about in his mind for a way to beat a retreat not too inglorious.
** 1945 September and October, C. Hamilton Ellis, “Royal Trains—V”, in Railway Magazine, page 251:The last occasion on which the Kaiser [Wilhelm II] used this train was for an inglorious journey into Holland towards the end of the 1914 war. He spent the night in it at Eysden [Eijsden], while the Queen of the Netherlands and a hastily summoned Cabinet debated what to do with him.
* (now rare) Not famous; obscure. [from 1591]
** 1671, John Milton, “The Third Book”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 56, lines 39–42:Great Julius [Caesar], whom now all the world admires / The more he grew in years, the more inflam’d / With glory, wept that he had liv’d ſo long / Inglorious: but thou yet art not too late.

#### Translations
### References

* 1 2 3 4 “inglorious, adj.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

### Further reading

* “inglorious”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
# հայրիկ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian հայրիկ (hayrik), from հայր (hayr) +‎ -իկ (-ik).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /hɑjˈɾik/, [hɑjɾík]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /hɑjˈɾiɡ/, [hɑjɾíɡ]

### Noun

հայրիկ • (hayrik)
* (informal) diminutive of հայր (hayr, “father”): dad, daddy
    Հայրիկ, արի՛ տե՛ս։ ― Hayrik, arí tés. ― Daddy, come see!
* (respectful) father, old man (used as a term of address for elderly men)
    Հայրիկ, կարող ե՞ք ինձ օգնել։ ― Hayrik, karoġ e$^?$kʻ inj ōgnel. ― Father, can you help me?
# obzuć
## Polish
### Etymology

From ob- +‎ Old Polish zuć.

### Pronunciation

* (Greater Poland):
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /ˈɔb.zut͡ɕ/

### Verb

obzuć pf
* (transitive, Kuyavia) to adorn with a bell (to push a bell onto the spokes radially fixed in a hub)

### Further reading

* Władysław Matlakowski (1892) “obzuć”, in Słownik wyrazów ludowych zebranych w Czerskiem i na Kujawach (in Polish), Kraków: nakł. Akademii Umiejętności; Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego pod zarządem A. M. Kosterkiewicza, page 12
# сульфогруппа
## Russian
### Etymology

Possibly an internationalism from English sulfo-group or English sulpho-group. Constructed via сульфо- (sulʹfo-, “sulfo-, sulfur”) +‎ группа (gruppa, “group”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sʊlʲfɐˈɡrupːə]

### Noun

сульфогру́ппа • (sulʹfogrúppa) f inan (genitive сульфогру́ппы, nominative plural сульфогру́ппы, genitive plural сульфогру́пп)
* (chemistry) sulfo-group/sulpho-group

#### Declension
### See also

* сульфогруппа on the Russian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{ru}$
# 寒假
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hánjià
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hon$^4$ gaa$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): 'hon$^2$ ga$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hòn-ká
* Jin (Wiktionary): han$^1$ jia$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): uǐng-gǎ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hân-ká / hân-kèe / hân-kà
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$ghoe-ka; $^6$ghoe-cia
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hánjià
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hánjià
*** Wade–Giles: han$^2$-chia$^4$
*** Yale: hán-jyà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harnjiah
*** Palladius: ханьцзя (xanʹczja)
*** Sinological IPA : /xän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hon$^4$ gaa$^3$
*** Yale: hòhn ga
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hon$^4$ gaa$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hon$^4$ ga$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːn²¹ kaː³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: 'hon$^2$ ga$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ˈhɵn²⁴ ka²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hòn-ká
*** Hakka Romanization System: hon$^ˇ$ ga$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hon$^2$ ga$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /hon¹¹ ka³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: han$^1$ jia$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xæ̃¹¹ t͡ɕia⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: uǐng-gǎ
*** Sinological IPA : /uiŋ²¹ ka²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hân-ká
*** Tâi-lô: hân-ká
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hankar
*** IPA (Xiamen): /han²⁴⁻²² ka⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /han²⁴⁻¹¹ ka⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /han²³⁻³³ ka⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /han²⁴⁻²² ka⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hân-kèe
*** Tâi-lô: hân-kèe
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /han¹³⁻²² kɛ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hân-kà
*** Tâi-lô: hân-kà
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hankax
*** IPA (Taipei): /han²⁴⁻¹¹ ka¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /han²⁴⁻²² ka²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /han²³⁻³³ ka²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$ghoe-ka; $^6$ghoe-cia
*** MiniDict: ghoe$^去$ ka; ghoe$^去$ cia
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhoe-ka; $^3$hhoe-jia
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦø²² ka⁴⁴/, /ɦø²² t͡ɕia⁴⁴/

### Noun

寒假
* winter break; winter vacation

#### Synonyms

* (Hokkien) 歇寒, 歇冬

#### Antonyms

* 暑假 (shǔjià)
# ავჯი
## Laz
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آوجی (avcı).

### Noun

ავჯი • (avci) (Latin spelling avci)
* hunter
    კატუჩქუნი კაჲი ავჯი რენ. კინჩიზ ნოტკობუნ დო თუდე გეხთაში ღრაფ ჲა დო მეჭოფუმს.ǩaťuçkuni ǩayi avci ren. ǩinçiz noťǩobun do tude gextaşi ğrap ya do meç̌opums.Our cat is a good hunter. He hides and waits for the bird and when it lands, he catches it in an instant.

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Kojima, Gôichi (2012–) “avci”, in Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı‎ (in Turkish)
* Tandilava, Ali (2013) “ავჯი”, in Merab Čuxua, Natela Kutelia, Lile Tandilava, Lali Ezugbaia, editors, Lazuri leksiḳoni [Laz Dictionary]‎, online version prepared by Levan Vašaḳiʒe, Tbilisi
# Shëngjini
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Shëngjini
* inflection of Shëngjin:
** definite nominative singular
** indefinite dative/genitive/ablative singular
# odgrążać
## Polish
### Etymology

From od- +‎ grążyć +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* (Greater Poland):
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /ɔdˈɡrɔw̃.ʐat͡ɕ/, /ɔdˈɡrɔn.ʐat͡ɕ/
* (Masovia):
** (Near Masovian) IPA: /ɔdˈɡrɔw̃.ʐat͡ɕ/, /ɔdˈɡrɔn.ʐat͡ɕ/

### Verb

odgrążać impf
* (transitive, Kuyavia, of pigs) Synonym of odpuszczać (“to give milk”)

### Further reading

* Władysław Matlakowski (1892) “odgrążać”, in Słownik wyrazów ludowych zebranych w Czerskiem i na Kujawach (in Polish), Kraków: nakł. Akademii Umiejętności; Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego pod zarządem A. M. Kosterkiewicza, page 12
# स्थग्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* স্থগ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬲ᭄ᬣᬕ᭄ (Balinese script)
* স্থগ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰭𑰿𑰞𑰐𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀲𑁆𑀣𑀕𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* သ္ထဂ် (Burmese script)
* સ્થગ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਸ੍ਥਗ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌸𑍍𑌥𑌗𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦱ꧀ꦡꦒ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂮𑂹𑂟𑂏𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಸ್ಥಗ್ (Kannada script)
* ស្ថគ៑ (Khmer script)
* ສ຺ຖຄ຺ (Lao script)
* സ്ഥഗ് (Malayalam script)
* ᠰᡨᠠᡤ (Manchu script)
* 𑘭𑘿𑘞𑘐𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠰᠲᠠᠺ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧍𑧠𑦾𑦰𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐳𑑂𑐠𑐐𑑂 (Newa script)
* ସ୍ଥଗ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢱ꣄ꢢꢔ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆱𑇀𑆡𑆓𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖭𑖿𑖞𑖐𑖿 (Siddham script)
* ස‍්ථග් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪁 𑪙𑩬𑩞 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚨𑚶𑚚𑚌𑚶 (Takri script)
* ஸ்த²க்³ (Tamil script)
* స్థగ్ (Telugu script)
* สฺถคฺ (Thai script)
* སྠ་ག྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒮𑓂𑒟𑒑𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨰𑩇𑨚𑨍𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg- (“to cover”) and compared to Ancient Greek στέγω (stégō, “to cover closely”). However, Mayrhofer doubts this, and suggests an alternative that this root, along with स्तक् (stak, “to strike against”) and ढक्कन (ḍhakkana, “shutting (of a door)”) (the latter which he considers a spoken variant), could be derived from the same non-Indo-Aryan source.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /stʰɐɡ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /s̪t̪ʰɐɡ/

### Root

स्थग् • (sthag)
* to cover, hide, conceal
* to cover, veil, make invisible, cause to disappear

#### Derived terms

* स्थग (sthaga)
* स्थगति (sthagati)
* स्थगयति (sthagayati)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “स्थग्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1261/3.
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 194
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 523-524
# oprzątka
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* oprzętka (Far Masovian)

### Etymology

From oprzątać +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* (Greater Poland):
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /ɔˈpʂɔnt.ka/

### Noun

oprzątka f
* (Kuyavia) girl who tends to poultry farming on a manor

### Further reading

* Władysław Matlakowski (1892) “oprzątka”, in Słownik wyrazów ludowych zebranych w Czerskiem i na Kujawach (in Polish), Kraków: nakł. Akademii Umiejętności; Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego pod zarządem A. M. Kosterkiewicza, page 13
# 陰杯
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Puxian Min (Xianyou, Pouseng Ping'ing): ing$^1$ bue$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): im-poe
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): im$^1$ bue$^1$
* Puxian Min
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ing$^1$ bue$^1$ [Phonetic: ing$^5$ mue$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ $^{(p-)}$muei⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Sanxia, Taichung, Tainan, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: im-poe
*** Tâi-lô: im-pue
*** Phofsit Daibuun: impoef
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /im⁴⁴⁻³³ pue⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen): /im⁴⁴⁻²² pue⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /im³³ pue³³/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: im$^1$ bue$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /im³⁵ puɛ³⁵/

### Noun

陰杯
* (Southern Min, Xianyou Puxian Min) bad result in divination using moon blocks (showing two blocks round)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 陰珓, 哭筊, 怒筊 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 陰卦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 陰卦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 陰卦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 陰珓, 陰卦 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 陰杯 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 陰珓 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 陰珓 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 陰卦 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 陰珓 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 陰珓 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 陰珓 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 陰珓 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 陰珓 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 陰珓 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 陰珓 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 陰珓 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 陰珓 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 寶杯 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 陰杯, 匼杯 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 陰杯, 匼杯 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 陰杯 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 陰杯, 匼杯 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 陰杯 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 陰杯 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 陰杯 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 陰杯 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 無杯 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 陰杯, 匼杯 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 陰杯 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 匼杯 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 陰杯 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 象杯 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 匼杯 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 無杯 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 陰杯 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 陰杯 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 沙杯, 沙杯頭 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 陰杯 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 寶杯 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 陰杯 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 陰杯 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 陰杯 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 陰珓 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 陰珓 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 陰珓 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 陰卦 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 陰卦 |
# am-am
## Cebuano
### Alternative forms

* alam-alam

### Etymology 1

Undetermined.

#### Verb

am-am
* to appease; to mollify; to pacify

### Etymology 2

Possibly onomatopoeic or possibly a reduplication of Hokkien 飲 / 饮 (ám, “rice water”) and reduplication of Hokkien 唵 (ām, “to eat”, childish). Compare Tagalog am (“rice water”), Sakizaya aam (“congee”), Cantonese 飲飲食食 / 饮饮食食 (jam$^2$ jam$^2$ sik$^6$ sik$^6$).

#### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: am‧am

#### Noun

am-am
* (childish) food

#### Verb

am-am
* (childish) to eat

### References

* ↑ Douglas, Carstairs (1873) “ám-ám”, in Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, [With 1923 Supplement after the Appendix by Thomas Barclay, Shanghai: Commercial Press, Ltd.] edition (overall work in Hokkien and English), London: Trübner & Co., page 3; New Edition (With Chinese Character Glosses) edition, London: Presbyterian Church of England, 1899, page 3
# flat-track bully
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

flat-track bully (plural flat-track bullies)
* (British, Australia, sports) A sportsperson or sports team that dominates over inferior sides, but fails to beat opponents of similar or higher standing.
# Aperol
## English
### Etymology

Brand name, introduced in 1919. Its name comes from apero, a French slang word for 'apéritif'.

### Proper noun

Aperol
* An Italian apéritif made with gentian, rhubarb, and cinchona.

#### Derived terms

* Aperol spritz

### Anagrams

* Lopera, parole
* ↑ “How the Aperol Spritz Became the Summer's Hottest Drink”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎, 2019 August 24
# giant slalom
## English
### Etymology

From giant +‎ slalom.
* (skiing): Being a slalom with larger turns.
* (snowboarding): From its similarity of turn with skiing's giant slalom.

### Noun

giant slalom (plural giant slaloms)
* (skiing) An Alpine skiing discipline in which the course is longer, steeper, and faster than normal slalom, and the gates are spaced at a greater distance.
* (snowboarding) An Alpine snowboarding discipline derived from the skiing discipline.

#### Hypernyms

(skiing):
* alpine skiing
* technical skiing
(snowboarding):
* alpine snowboarding

#### Coordinate terms

(skiing):
* slalom
* super-G
* downhill, downhill skiing
* parallel slalom
* alpine combined
(snowboarding):
* parallel giant slalom

#### Derived terms

* (skiing, snowboarding): GS (abbreviation)
* (skiing): Super-G/Super G, Super-GS/Super GS, super giant slalom, SG/SGS
* (snowboarding): PGS, parallel giant slalom

#### Translations
### References

* OED 2006
# Darth Vader
## English
### Etymology

"Darth" is a blend of dark +‎ death (the derivation from Dark Lord of the Sith is a later development).
"Vader" is traditionally explained as being from Dutch vader (“father”). However, the idea of Vader's fatherhood was only developed for The Empire Strikes Back (after the character was introduced), making this improbable. It is more likely a shortening of invader or from the surname Vader.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) enPR: därthʹ vāʹdər, IPA: /ˈdɑː(ɹ)θ ˈveɪ.də(ɹ)/

### Noun

Darth Vader (plural Darth Vaders)
* A powerful individual or force, particularly one that is seen as malevolent, dominating and threatening.
** 2004, Robert Whiting, The Meaning of Ichiro: The New Wave from Japan and the Transformation of Our National Pastime, page 130:Irabu had hired Nomura, a man with whom he obviously had a great deal in common, and, who, as we have seen, was rapidly becoming the Darth Vader of Japanese baseball.
** 2003, Marleen S. Barr, Envisioning the Future: Science Fiction and the Next Millennium, page xvii:Bush's missile shield plan positions him as Darth Vader.
** 2002, James Price Dillard, Michael Pfau, The Persuasion Handbook: the Persuasion Handbook (c): Developments in Theory and Practice, page 611:Commonly assumed to exert massive effects on the electorate, political spots (notably negative ones) have been teasingly called the Darth Vader of modern politics...
** 1998, Jon Lewis, The New American Cinema, page 108:In two different speeches the vice president called Malone, alternately “the Darth Vader of the cable industry,” and “[the man who runs] the cable Cosa Nostra.”
* (informal, British, rail transport) A British Rail Class 460 train.
** 1999 September 17, gl1, “Gatwick Express New Stock Nose Cones”, in uk.transport.london‎ (Usenet):When the new GEX stock (Darth Vaders!!) are in service, and the inevitable happens and they break down, EWS will no doubt trundle along to rescue it
** 2005 January 5, Peter Masson, “What future for the MK3's?”, in uk.railway‎ (Usenet):What was modified so that 73s could haul (or push) and heat air-con stock on Gatwick Express (pre Darth Vader) - the locos or the coaches?
** 2006 February 11, Tony Polson, “First Capital Connect want more 319s from Southern”, in uk.railway‎ (Usenet):Is there not also a degree of commonality with the Darth Vader units of Gatwick Express, which are likely to join the Southern fleet when (if) the GatEx franchise is terminated?

### Proper noun

Darth Vader
* Darth Vader, a villain of the science-fantasy film series Star Wars.
** 1982, “Knight of the Phoenix”, in Knight Rider, episode 1 (television production), spoken by Michael Knight (David Hasselhoff):What's all this? Looks like Darth Vader's bathroom.

#### Derived terms

* Darth Vader-esque
* Darth Vaderian
* Vaderesque

#### Related terms

* Darth

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Michael Kaminski (2008 November 18) “Appendix C: The Dark Father”, in The Secret History of Star Wars, Legacy Books Press, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Darth Vader on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* British Rail Class 460 on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Wookieepedia article on Darth Vader
# belaun
## Basque
### Etymology

Potentially related to Iberian beleś (“son”) and Iberian belaur (“daughter”)

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: /belau̯n/ [be.lãũ̯n]
* Rhymes: -elau̯n
* Hyphenation: be‧laun

### Noun

belaun inan or anim
* (inanimate) knee
* (animate) generation

#### Derived terms

* belaunburu (“kneecap”)
* belaun egin - to kneel, to curtsey