# թուխ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian թուխ (tʻux).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /tʰuχ/, [tʰuχ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /tuχ/, [tʰuχ]

### Adjective

թուխ • (tʻux) (superlative ամենաթուխ)
* swarthy, dark-skinned

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology 1

The origin is uncertain. Perhaps from an enlargement of Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell”), and cognate with Proto-West Germanic *þiustrī (“dark”), Old Norse þoka (“fog, mist”), Old English geþuxian (“to grow dark”).

#### Adjective

թուխ • (tʻux)
* brown, tawny, swarthy, dark
    թուխ/թուխս զգենուլ, ի թուխս համակիլ ― tʻux/tʻuxs zgenul, i tʻuxs hamakil ― to wear mourning, to dress in mourning, to put on mourning; to be in mourning, to go into mourning; to be plunged in grief
    թուխ զգեցուցանել, ի թուխս համակել ― tʻux zgecʻucʻanel, i tʻuxs hamakel ― to clothe in mourning, to dress in black, to put into mourning; to throw into mourning, to plunge in grief
    ի թուխս համակեալ ― i tʻuxs hamakeal ― in deep mourning

##### Alternative forms

* թուղ (tʻuł)

##### Derived terms

* թխագոյն (tʻxagoyn)
* թխազգեստ (tʻxazgest)
* թխակերպ (tʻxakerp)
* թխակնութիւն (tʻxaknutʻiwn)
* թխամորթ (tʻxamortʻ)
* թխանամ (tʻxanam)
* թխատեսակ (tʻxatesak)
* թխատիպ (tʻxatip)
* թխացեալ (tʻxacʻeal)
* թխացուցանեմ (tʻxacʻucʻanem)
* թխութիւն (tʻxutʻiwn)
* թոյրաթուխ (tʻoyratʻux)
* թուխակն (tʻuxakn)
* քաջաթուխ (kʻaǰatʻux)

##### Descendants

* Armenian: թուխ (tʻux)

#### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “թուխ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 203ab
* ↑ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 963
* ↑ Petersson, Herbert (1916) “Beiträge zur armenischen Wortkunde”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung (in German), volume 47, number 3/4, pages 283–284
* ↑ Petersson, Herbert (1920) Arische und armenische Studien (Lunds Universitets Årsskrift N.F. Avd. 1, Bd. 16. Nr. 3) (in German), Lund, Leipzig, page 84
* ↑ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “թուխ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 274a

#### Further reading

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “թուխ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “թուխ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy

### Etymology 2

The origin is uncertain. Perhaps inherited from the zero-grade of Proto-Indo-European *tewk-.

#### Noun

թուխ • (tʻux)
* the act if sitting on eggs, brooding, hatching (of birds)
    ի թուխս նստել ― i tʻuxs nstel ― to brood
** 5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).21.3:Քանզի զաւտարին ձուս գողանայ եւ յիւր բունն տանի․ եւ մինչ չկարէ հանդարտել թխոյն վասն բազում ձագուցն, երթայ կուտէ խռիւ ինչ եւ թոյլ տայ, որ ցամաքի․ եւ այնպէս խռուովն հանդերձ թխէ։Kʻanzi zawtarin jus gołanay ew yiwr bunn tani; ew minčʻ čʻkarē handartel tʻxoyn vasn bazum jagucʻn, ertʻay kutē xṙiw inčʻ ew tʻoyl tay, or cʻamakʻi; ew aynpēs xṙuovn handerj tʻxē.Translation by Gohar MuradyanFor it steals the eggs of the others and takes them to its nest; and until it cannot rest sitting on eggs because of many nestlings, it goes, heaps some brushwood and lets it dry up, and thus sits on eggs with the brushwood.

##### Derived terms

* թխեմ (tʻxem)

##### Descendants

* Armenian: թուխս (tʻuxs)

#### References

* ↑ Muradyan, Gohar (2005) Physiologus: The Greek and Armenian Versions with a Study of Translation Technique (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 6)‎, Leuven – Paris – Dudley: Peeters, pages 123, 154

#### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “թուխ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 203–204
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “թուխ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “թուխ II”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 274a
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “թուխ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy