# 愚

| 愚 | U+611A, &#24858; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-611A |
| ← 愙 [U+6119] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 愛 → [U+611B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

愚 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 田月心 (WBP), four-corner 6033$_2$, composition ⿱禺心)

#### Derived characters

* 𠏋, 㦙, 𰝖, 𰟦, 𦔧, 𰒠, 𡪾, 𦽳

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 395, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10946
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2321, character 7
* Unihan data for U+611A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 齵 | *ŋoː, *ŋo |
| 偶 | *ŋoːʔ, *ŋoːs |
| 耦 | *ŋoːʔ |
| 藕 | *ŋoːʔ |
| 髃 | *ŋoːʔ, *ŋo |
| 蕅 | *ŋoːʔ |
| 愚 | *ŋo |
| 隅 | *ŋo |
| 禺 | *ŋo, *ŋos |
| 湡 | *ŋo |
| 堣 | *ŋo |
| 嵎 | *ŋo |
| 鰅 | *ŋo, *ŋoŋ |
| 鍝 | *ŋo |
| 遇 | *ŋos |
| 寓 | *ŋos |
| 庽 | *ŋos |
| 媀 | *ŋos |
| 喁 | *ŋoŋ |
| 顒 | *ŋoŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋo) : phonetic 禺 (OC *ŋo, *ŋos) + semantic 心 (“heart”) – stupid.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yú (yu$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yu$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyu$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngui$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ngì
    (Hailu, HRS): ngi
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ngi$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): y$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): ngṳ̄
* Eastern Min (BUC): ngṳ̀ / kṳ̀
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gy$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): gû / gî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ngo$^5$ / ngu$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$gniu
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): y$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yú
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yú
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^2$
*** Yale: yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: yu$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: y
*** Sinological IPA : /y²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^4$
*** Yale: yùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ngui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵑɡui²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngi$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngi
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ngi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: y$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /y¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngṳ̄
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋy⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ngṳ̀ / kṳ̀
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋy⁵³/, /kʰy⁵³/
* ngṳ̀ - literary;
* kṳ̀ - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit愚 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /y³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /y⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /y⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /y²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /y²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /y⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /y²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /y²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /y⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /y¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /y²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /y²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /y³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /i²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /i³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /y²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /zz̩ʷ⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /y¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /y¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /y³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ȵy²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ȵy¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦz̩ʷ²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ȵy³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ny⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /y⁴⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /y¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /y¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /ŋi¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ŋi²⁴/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jy²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /y²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /jy²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /gu³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ŋy⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ŋy⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ŋõ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /zi³¹/ /ŋai³¹/ 訓獃 |
* Middle Chinese: ngju
Rime :
| Character | 愚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 虞俱切 |
| Baxter | ngju |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋuə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋio/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ŋi̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋo/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 愚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15919 |
| Phonetic component | 禺 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋo/ |

### Definitions

愚
* foolish; stupid
* to fool; to dupe
* (humble) I
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Mèngcháng Jūn yuē: “Yú bùzhī suǒ wèi yě.” [Pinyin]
    Lord Mengchang said, "I don't understand what it means."
    From: 諸葛亮 (Zhūgě Liàng), 《出師表》, 227 CE
    yú yǐwèi gōngzhōng zhī shì, shìwúdàxiǎo, xī yǐ zī zhī, ránhòu shīxíng...... [Pinyin]
    I think they should be consulted on all court affairs, regardless of their sizes, before the court affairs are being put to execution.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 吾, 我, 余, 予, 台, 朕 for emperors, 臣, 愚 humble |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 我, 本人, 鄙人 humble, 在下 humble, 不才 humble |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 我, 咱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 我, 俺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 我, 俺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 我, 俺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 我, 俺, 咱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 我, 咱 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 我 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 我 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 我 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 我 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 我 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Weicheng) | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Fangzi) | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Changle | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shouguang | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Rizhao | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Wulian | 我, 俺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 我 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Weifang (Hanting) | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Changyi | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Gaomi | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Anqiu | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Linqu | 我, 俺 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingzhou | 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Kaifeng | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Ankang | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 我, 俺 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tongxin | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Guyuan | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yanqi | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 我, 俺, 咱 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou (Jiawang) | 俺, 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Pizhou | 俺, 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Suining | 我 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyi | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fengxian | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Suqian | 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lianyungang (Ganyu) | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Donghai | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Bengbu | 我, 俺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Zhongwei | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 我 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu (Xindu) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanbu | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Lhasa | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin (Lingui) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guanyang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Lipu | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pingle | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yangshuo | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Xiakuojie) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Fujian) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Fucheng, Wuming) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Binyang (Nanjie) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Shanglin (Sanli) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hechi (Yizhou) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 我, 頑, 俺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Ziyang | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 我 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou (Jiangdu) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Baoying | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Gaoyou | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yizheng | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taixing | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou (Jiangyan) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jingjiang (Dongxing) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zhenjiang | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jurong | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 我, 俺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Guanyun | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Guannan | 我, 呣 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Huaiyin) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Hongze) | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xuyi | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jinhu | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rudong | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hai'an | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yancheng | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Dongtai | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sheyang | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Funing | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Jianhu | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xiangshui | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Shuyang | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sihong | 我, 俺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Chuzhou | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 我 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 我 |
| Mandarin | Qinzhou (Longmengang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huancheng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nanlang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Xiaolan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Henglan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongfeng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nantou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Fusha) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shalang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Gangkou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huangpu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Sanjiao) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Minzhong) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Guzhen) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Banfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanzhou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 𠊎 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 我 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 我 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 我 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 我 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 儂 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 我, 儂 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 我 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 我 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 我 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 我 |
| Cantonese | Wuchuan (Wuyang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 我 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 我 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu | 我 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 我 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 我 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 我 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 我 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 我 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 儂 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 我 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 我 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 我 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 我 |
| Gan | Nanchang (Wangcheng) | 我 |
| Gan | Anyi | 我仂 |
| Gan | Lushan | 我 |
| Gan | Pengze | 我 |
| Gan | Duchang | 我, 我濃 |
| Gan | Wuning (Quankou) | 我 |
| Gan | Poyang | 我 |
| Gan | Yugan | 阿, 我郎 |
| Gan | Wannian | 阿 |
| Gan | Hengfeng | 阿, 阿仂 |
| Gan | Yanshan (Hekou) | 阿, 阿仂 |
| Gan | Leping | 阿 |
| Gan | Yichun | 我 |
| Gan | Yifeng | 阿 |
| Gan | Gao'an | 我 |
| Gan | Fengxin | 我 |
| Gan | Shanggao | 我 |
| Gan | Wanzai | 我 |
| Gan | Fengcheng | 我 |
| Gan | Xinyu | 阿, 我 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Shangdundu) | 我 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Dongxiang) | 阿仂 |
| Gan | Nancheng | 阿 |
| Gan | Nanfeng | 阿仂, 阿 |
| Gan | Yihuang | 我 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 我, 阿 |
| Gan | Chongren | 我 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 巷 |
| Gan | Lianhua | 我 |
| Gan | Ji'an | 阿, 我 |
| Gan | Yongfeng | 我 |
| Gan | Taihe | 我 |
| Gan | Xiajiang | 我 |
| Gan | Yongxin | 我 |
| Gan | Yingtan (Yujiang) | 阿 |
| Gan | Guixi | 阿, 阿仂 |
| Gan | Jianning | 我 |
| Gan | Jinxian | 我 |
| Gan | Jinxi | 阿 |
| Gan | Le'an | 我 |
| Gan | Guangchang | 阿 |
| Gan | Anfu | 我 |
| Gan | Suichuan | 𠊎 |
| Gan | Wan'an | 𠊎 |
| Gan | Jing'an | 我 |
| Gan | Zhangshu | 我 |
| Gan | Xingan | 我 |
| Gan | Fenyi | 我 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Zijin | 我 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Nanxiong (Zhuji) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) | 我 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Changting | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Nankang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Dingnan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Longnan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xunwu | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Huichang | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Chongyi | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xingguo | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Shahe) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Longtan) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingping) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingjiao) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 我 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 𠊎, 我 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 𠊎 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 𠊎 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 我 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 我, 阿 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 我 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 我 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 我 |
| Huizhou | Chun'an (Qiandaohu) | 我 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Meicheng) | 黨, 卬 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Shouchang) | 我, 我儂 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 我, 俺 †, used only by females |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Datong | 我 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 我 |
| Jin | Linhe | 我 |
| Jin | Jining | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 我 |
| Jin | Handan | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 我, 俺 |
| Jin | Suide | 我 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 我, 俺 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 我 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 我 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 我, 奴 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Taishun | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Cangnan | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 我 |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 我, 阮, 遮人, 遮的人 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 我, 阮 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 我 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 我 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 我 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 我 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 我 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 我, 阮, 遮人, 遮的人 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 我 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 我 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 我 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 我 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 我, 阮 GT |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 我 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 我 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 我 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 我 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 我 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 我 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 我 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 我 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shunchang (Pushang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Cangnan | 我 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 我 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 我 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 我 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 我, 儂 polite/humble |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 我 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 我, 儂 polite/humble |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 我 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 我 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 我 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 我 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 我 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 伉 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 伉 |
| Shaojiang Min | Jiangle | 我 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 我 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 我 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 我 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 我 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 我 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 我 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 吾 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 我, 阿拉 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 我儂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 唔, 唔儂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 我 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 我, 奴 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 吾, 吾奴 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 我 |
| Wu | Changshu | 我 |
| Wu | Nantong (Haimen) | 我 |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 我奴 |
| Wu | Jiashan | 我奴, 我 |
| Wu | Pinghu | 我奴, 我 |
| Wu | Haining (Yanguan) | 我 |
| Wu | Tongxiang | 我 |
| Wu | Haiyan | 我, 活儂, 活奴 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Danyang | 我 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Gaochun) | 我 |
| Wu | Huzhou | 是我 |
| Wu | Changxing | 我, 是我 |
| Wu | Anji | 我 |
| Wu | Deqing | 我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 我, 是我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Lin'an) | 我, 是我, 什我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 我, 是我 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Xiaoshan) | 我 |
| Wu | Tonglu | 我, 是我 |
| Wu | Tonglu (Wusheng) | 我 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 我 |
| Wu | Zhuji | 我 |
| Wu | Shengzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Xinchang | 我 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 我, 我儂, 像我 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Zhenhai) | 我 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Fenghua) | 我 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 我 |
| Wu | Cixi | 我 |
| Wu | Xiangshan | 我, 像我 |
| Wu | Zhoushan | 伢 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 我 |
| Wu | Tiantai | 我 |
| Wu | Xianju | 我 |
| Wu | Sanmen | 我 |
| Wu | Linhai | 我 |
| Wu | Wenling | 我俚 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Yueqing | 我 |
| Wu | Yongjia (Fenglin) | 我 |
| Wu | Rui'an | 我 |
| Wu | Pingyang | 我 |
| Wu | Taishun | 我 |
| Wu | Wencheng | 我 |
| Wu | Lishui | 我 |
| Wu | Qingtian | 我 |
| Wu | Jinyun | 我, 動我 |
| Wu | Wuyi (Liucheng) | 我 |
| Wu | Songyang (Xiping) | 我 |
| Wu | Yunhe | 我 |
| Wu | Jingning | 我 |
| Wu | Qingyuan | 我 |
| Wu | Longquan | 我 |
| Wu | Quzhou | 我 |
| Wu | Suichang | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Jiangshan | 我 |
| Wu | Changshan | 我 |
| Wu | Kaihua | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Longyou | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Yiwu | 我 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 我 |
| Wu | Pujiang | 我 |
| Wu | Dongyang | 我 |
| Wu | Wuyi | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Lanxi | 我, 我儂 |
| Wu | Shangrao | 阿儂 |
| Wu | Shangrao (Guangfeng) | 阿 |
| Wu | Yushan | 阿, 儂 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 我 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 我 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 我, 卬 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 我 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 我 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Jiangyong | 我 |
| Note | † - as an attributive, used without 的; GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | † - as an attributive, used without 的; GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 愚(ぐ) (gu)
* → Korean: 우(愚) (u)
* → Vietnamese: ngu (愚)
Others:
* → Lao: ໂງ່ (ngō)
* → Thai: โง่ (ngôo, “ignorant; stupid; unintelligent”)

### Compounds

* 一得之愚 (yīdézhīyú)
* 下愚
* 上愚 (shàngyú)
* 下愚不移
* 使貪使愚 / 使贪使愚
* 凡愚
* 受愚
* 大愚不靈 / 大愚不灵
* 大智如愚 (dàzhìrúyú)
* 大智若愚 (dàzhìruòyú)
* 愚不可及 (yúbùkějí)
* 愚人 (yúrén)
* 愚人節 / 愚人节 (Yúrénjié)
* 愚兄
* 愚公 (Yúgōng)
* 愚公之居
* 愚公移山 (yúgōngyíshān)
* 愚公谷
* 愚劣
* 愚化
* 愚呆
* 愚夫
* 愚夫愚婦 / 愚夫愚妇
* 愚夯 (yúbèn)
* 愚妄 (yúwàng)
* 愚婦 / 愚妇
* 愚孝 (yúxiào)
* 愚弄 (yúnòng)
* 愚弟
* 愚忠 (yúzhōng)
* 愚意 (yúyì)
* 愚懦
* 愚懵
* 愚戇 / 愚戆
* 愚拙 (yúzhuō)
* 愚昧 (yúmèi)
* 愚昧無知 / 愚昧无知
* 愚民 (yúmín)
* 愚民政策 (yúmín zhèngcè)
* 愚氓 (yúméng)
* 愚氣 / 愚气
* 愚濫 / 愚滥
* 愚痴 (yúchī)
* 愚直 (yúzhí)
* 愚眉肉眼
* 愚笨 (yúbèn)
* 愚者 (yúzhě)
* 愚者一得
* 愚而好自用
* 愚臣 (yúchén)
* 愚蒙
* 愚蠢 (yúchǔn)
* 愚見 / 愚见 (yújiàn)
* 愚贛 / 愚赣
* 愚迷
* 愚鈍 / 愚钝 (yúdùn)
* 愚陋
* 愚頑 / 愚顽 (yúwán)
* 愚騃 / 愚𫘤
* 愚魯 / 愚鲁
* 憃愚
* 懦愚
* 振警愚頑 / 振警愚顽
* 疏慵愚鈍 / 疏慵愚钝
* 肉眼愚晦
* 肉眼愚眉
* 至愚極陋 / 至愚极陋
* 藏愚
* 賢愚不分 / 贤愚不分
* 贛愚 / 赣愚
* 鄉愚 / 乡愚
* 非愚則誣 / 非愚则诬

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* bullshit
* foolish
* absurdity
* stupid

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぐ (gu, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ぐ (gu, Jōyō)
* Kun: おろか (oroka, 愚か, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 愚(おろ)か (oroka)
* 愚(おろ)かしい (orokashii)
* 愚(ぐ)案(あん) (guan)
* 愚(ぐ)闇(あん), 愚(ぐ)暗(あん) (guan)
* 愚(ぐ)意(い) (gui)
* 愚(ぐ)詠(えい) (guei)
* 愚(ぐ)挙(きょ) (gukyo)
* 愚(ぐ)兄(けい) (gukei)
* 愚(ぐ)計(けい) (gukei)
* 愚(ぐ)見(けん) (guken)
* 愚(ぐ)稿(こう) (gukō)
* 愚(ぐ)考(こう) (gukō)
* 愚(ぐ)行(こう) (gukō)
* 愚(ぐ)妻(さい) (gusai)
* 愚(ぐ)才(さい) (gusai)
* 愚(ぐ)作(さく) (gusaku)
* 愚(ぐ)策(さく) (gusaku)
* 愚(ぐ)察(さつ) (gusatsu)
* 愚(ぐ)札(さつ) (gusatsu)
* 愚(ぐ)姉(し) (gushi)
* 愚(ぐ)者(しゃ) (gusha)
* 愚(ぐ)女(じょ) (gujo)
* 愚(ぐ)書(しょ) (gusho)
* 愚(ぐ)将(しょう) (gushō)
* 愚(ぐ)状(じょう) (gujō)
* 愚(ぐ)人(じん) (gujin)
* 愚(ぐ)心(しん) (gushin)
* 愚(ぐ)臣(しん) (gushin)
* 愚(ぐ)身(しん) (gushin)
* 愚(ぐ)図(ず) (guzu)
** 愚(ぐ)図(ず)愚(ぐ)図(ず) (guzuguzu)
** 愚(ぐ)図(ず)つく (guzutsuku)
** 愚(ぐ)図(ず)ら愚(ぐ)図(ず)ら (guzuraguzura)
** 愚(ぐ)図(ず)り (guzuri)
** 愚(ぐ)図(ず)る (guzuru)
* 愚(ぐ)推(すい) (gusui)
* 愚(ぐ)生(せい) (gusei)
* 愚(ぐ)拙(せつ) (gusetsu)
* 愚(ぐ)説(せつ) (gusetsu)
* 愚(ぐ)僧(そう) (gusō)
* 愚(ぐ)草(そう) (gusō)
* 愚(ぐ)息(そく) (gusoku)
* 愚(ぐ)存(ぞん) (guzon)
* 愚(ぐ)痴(ち)る (guchiru)
* 愚(ぐ)痴(ち) (guchi)
** 愚(ぐ)痴(ち)っぽい (guchippoi)
** 愚(ぐ)痴(ち)話(ばなし) (guchibanashi)
** 愚(ぐ)痴(ち)無(む)知(ち) (guchi muchi)
* 愚(ぐ)知(ち), 愚(ぐ)智(ち) (guchi)
* 愚(ぐ)忠(ちゅう) (guchū)
* 愚(ぐ)衷(ちゅう) (guchū)
* 愚(ぐ)直(ちょく) (guchoku)
* 愚(ぐ)弟(てい) (gutei)
* 愚(ぐ)答(とう) (gutō)
* 愚(ぐ)禿(とく) (gutoku)
* 愚(ぐ)鈍(どん) (gudon)
* 愚(ぐ)人(にん) (gunin)
* 愚(ぐ)輩(はい) (guhai)
* 愚(ぐ)筆(ひつ) (guhitsu)
* 愚(ぐ)夫(ふ) (gufu)
* 愚(ぐ)婦(ふ) (gufu)
* 愚(ぐ)父(ふ) (gufu)
* 愚(ぐ)物(ぶつ) (gubutsu)
* 愚(ぐ)母(ぼ) (gubo)
* 愚(ぐ)妹(まい) (gumai)
* 愚(ぐ)昧(まい) (gumai)
* 愚(ぐ)民(みん) (gumin)
** 愚(ぐ)民(みん)政(せい)策(さく) (gumin seisaku)
* 愚(ぐ)命(めい) (gumei)
* 愚(ぐ)迷(めい) (gumei)
* 愚(ぐ)蒙(もう) (gumō)
* 愚(ぐ)問(もん) (gumon)
** 愚(ぐ)問(もん)愚(ぐ)答(とう) (gumon gutō)
* 愚(ぐ)慮(りょ) (guryo)
* 愚(ぐ)劣(れつ) (guretsu)
* 愚(ぐ)連(れん)隊(たい) (gurentai)
* 愚(ぐ)弄(ろう) (gurō)
* 愚(ぐ)老(ろう) (gurō)
* 愚(ぐ)陋(ろう) (gurō)
* 愚(ぐ)論(ろん) (guron)
* 暗(あん)愚(ぐ) (angu)
* 迂(う)愚(ぐ) (ugu)
* 下(か)愚(ぐ) (kagu)
* 頑(がん)愚(ぐ) (gangu)
* 狂(きょう)愚(ぐ) (kyōgu)
* 軽(けい)愚(ぐ) (keigu)
* 賢(けん)愚(ぐ) (kengu)
* 昏(こん)愚(ぐ) (kongu)
* 至(し)愚(ぐ) (shigu)
* 衆(しゅう)愚(ぐ) (shūgu)
* 蠢(しゅん)愚(ぐ) (shungu)
* 大(たい)愚(ぐ) (taigu)
* 痴(ち)愚(ぐ) (chigu)
* 知(ち)愚(ぐ), 智(ち)愚(ぐ) (chigu)
* 万(ばん)愚(ぐ)節(せつ) (bangusetsu)
* 凡(ぼん)愚(ぐ) (bongu)
* 庸(よう)愚(ぐ) (yōgu)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 愚
* ぐ Grade: S
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 愚 (MC ngju).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぐ [gúꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* (Tokyo) ぐ [gù] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɡɯ̟]

### Adjective

愚(ぐ) • (gu) -na (adnominal 愚(ぐ)な (gu na), adverbial 愚(ぐ)に (gu ni))
* foolish
    Synonym: 愚か (oroka)

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 愚だろ | ぐだろ | gu daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 愚で | ぐで | gu de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 愚だ | ぐだ | gu da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 愚な | ぐな | gu na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 愚なら | ぐなら | gu nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 愚であれ | ぐであれ | gu de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 愚ではない 愚じゃない | ぐではない ぐじゃない | gu de wa nai gu ja nai |
| Informal past | 愚だった | ぐだった | gu datta |
| Informal negative past | 愚ではなかった 愚じゃなかった | ぐではなかった ぐじゃなかった | gu de wa nakatta gu ja nakatta |
| Formal | 愚です | ぐです | gu desu |
| Formal negative | 愚ではありません 愚じゃありません | ぐではありません ぐじゃありません | gu de wa arimasen gu ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 愚でした | ぐでした | gu deshita |
| Formal negative past | 愚ではありませんでした 愚じゃありませんでした | ぐではありませんでした ぐじゃありませんでした | gu de wa arimasen deshita gu ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 愚で | ぐで | gu de |
| Conditional | 愚なら（ば） | ぐなら（ば） | gu nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 愚だったら | ぐだったら | gu dattara |
| Volitional | 愚だろう | ぐだろう | gu darō |
| Adverbial | 愚に | ぐに | gu ni |
| Degree | 愚さ | ぐさ | gusa |

### Noun

愚(ぐ) • (gu)
* foolishness, folly
** 1900, 田中正造, 亡國に至るを知らざれば之れ即ち亡國の儀に付質問‎, 青空文庫:
    […] 己(おのれ)の愚(ぐ)を知(し)れば則(すなは)ち愚(ぐ)にあらず、己(おのれ)の愚(ぐ)なることを知(し)らなければ是(これ)が眞(しん)の愚(ぐ)である。
       […] onore no gu o shireba sunawachi gu ni arazu, onore no gu naru koto o shiranakereba kore ga shin no gu de aru.
       […] if you know your own foolishness, then you are not foolish. If you do not know that you are foolish, this is true foolishness.

#### Derived terms

* 愚(ぐ)にも付(つ)かぬ (gu ni mo tsukanu)
* 愚(ぐ)に返(かえ)る (gu ni kaeru)
* 愚(ぐ)の骨頂(こっちょう) (gu no kotchō)

### Pronoun

愚(ぐ) • (gu)
* (humble) I, me

## Korean
### Hanja

愚 • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Adjective

愚 • (ngu)
* stupid; doltish; foolish