# قپان
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish قَاپَانْ (qapan, “trap”), from Proto-Turkic *kapgan (“trap”), a development of *kap- (“to snatch, take; to bite”), whence قاپمق (kapmak, “to snatch suddenly”). Cognate with Azerbaijani qapan.

#### Alternative forms

* قاپان (kapan)

#### Noun

قپان • (kapan) (definite accusative قپانی (kapanı), plural قپانلر (kapanlar))
* trap, snare, gin, any contrivance designed to catch wild animals
    Synonyms: بالان (balan), دام (dam), طوزاق (tuzak)

##### Derived terms

* دیشلو دمیر قپان (dişli demir kapan, “trap furnished with iron teeth”)
* صكسار قپانی (sañsar kapanı, “trap for martens”)
* طوقماق قپان (tokmak kapan, “sort of trap”)
* فاره قپانی (fare kapanı, “mouse trap”)
* قوش قپانی (kuş kapanı, “trap for birds”)
* قپان قورمق (kapan kurmak, “to set a trap”)
* قپانجه (kapanca, “small trap”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: kapan
* → Armenian: խափան (xapʻan), խափխան (xapʻxan)
* → Romanian: capcană

#### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “قپان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 492
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kapan1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2396
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “قپان”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 355b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قپان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 945
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Decipulum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 328
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قپان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3611
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kapan1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قپان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1434

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian قپان (qapān, “stilyard”), itself from Byzantine Greek κάμπανος (kámpanos) or γάμπανος (gámpanos), ultimately from Latin campāna (“bell; steelyard”).

#### Noun

قپان • (kapan) (definite accusative قپانی (kapanı), plural قپانلر (kapanlar))
* steelyard, a type of transportable balance with unequal arm lengths
    Synonym: قنطار (kantar)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: kapan

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kapan2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2396
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قپان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 945
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Trutina”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1698
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قپان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3611
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kapan2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

## Persian
### Alternative forms

* کپان (kapân)
* قپون (qapun) (colloquial Teherani)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Byzantine Greek κάμπανος (kámpanos), γάμπανος (gámpanos), from Latin campāna.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [qa.ˈpɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qä.pʰɑ́ːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qä.pʰɑ́ːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [qä.pʰɑ́ːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [qä.pʰɔ́ːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [qæ.pʰɒ́ːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [qä.pʰɔ́n]

### Noun

قپان • (qapân)
* stilyard

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: qapan
* → Turkish: kapan