# σκορπίος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Sometimes suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”), but Beekes notes that it is more likely a Pre-Greek loanword instead, with a pre-form along the lines of *karaᵐp-, and possibly related to κᾱ́ρᾰβος (kā́răbos, “beetle, crustacean”), κερᾰ́μβῠξ (kerắmbŭx, “longhorn beetle”), κηρᾰφῐ́ς (kērăphĭ́s, “a kind of locust”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /skor.pí.os/ → /skorˈpi.os/ → /skorˈpi.os/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /skor.pí.os/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /skorˈpi.os/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /skorˈpi.os/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /skorˈpi.os/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /skorˈpi.os/

### Noun

σκορπῐ́ος • (skorpĭ́os) m (genitive σκορπῐ́ου); second declension
* scorpion
* scorpionfish (Scorpaena scrofa)
    Synonym: σκόρπαινα (skórpaina)
* scorpion furze (Genista acanthoclada)
    Synonym: ἐχινόπους (ekhinópous)
* scorpion root (Doronicum orientale)
* (astronomy) Scorpio, a constellation
* engine of war which discharged arrows

#### Derived terms

* σκόρπαινα (skórpaina)
* σκόρπειος (skórpeios)
* σκορπιακός (skorpiakós)
* σκορπιανός (skorpianós)
* σκορπίδιον (skorpídion)
* σκορπίζω (skorpízō)
* σκορπιόδηκτος (skorpiódēktos)
* σκορπιοειδής (skorpioeidḗs)
* σκορπιόεις (skorpióeis)
* σκορπίοθεν (skorpíothen)
* σκορπιοκτόνον (skorpioktónon)
* σκορπιομάχος (skorpiomákhos)
* σκορπίον (skorpíon)
* σκορπιόομαι (skorpióomai)
* σκορπιόπληκτος (skorpióplēktos)
* σκορπίουρος (skorpíouros)
* σκορπιοφόρος (skorpiophóros)
* σκορπίς (skorpís)
* σκόρπισις (skórpisis)
* σκορπισμός (skorpismós)
* σκορπιστής (skorpistḗs)
* σκορπιστικός (skorpistikós)
* σκορπῖτις (skorpîtis)
* σκορπιώδης (skorpiṓdēs)

#### Descendants

* Greek: σκορπιός m (skorpiós)
* → Latin: scorpiō, scorpios, scorpius
** →? Albanian: shkrap
** Catalan: escorpí
** Old French: scorpion
*** French: scorpion
*** → Middle Dutch: scorpioen
**** Dutch: schorpioen
*** → English: scorpion
**** → Welsh: sgorpion
** → German: Skorpion
** → Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍀𐌾𐍉 (skaurpjō)
** → Middle Irish: scoirp
*** Irish: scairp
** Italian: scorpione
** >? Italian: sgorbio
** → Middle Low German: schorpie
** → Norwegian Bokmål: skorpion
** Portuguese: escorpião
** Romanian: scorpion
** Romansch: scorpiun
** → Russian: скорпио́н m (skorpión)
** Sicilian: scurpiuni
** Spanish: escorpión
* → Classical Sanskrit: कौर्पि (kaurpi)

### References

* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “scorpion”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σκορπίος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1358-9

### Further reading

* “σκορπίος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* σκορπίος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* G4651 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. scorpion idem, page 741.
* “σκορπίος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011