# שבר
## Hebrew

* Root
* שׁ־ב־ר (sh-b-r)
* 10 terms

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *ṯabar- (“to break”). Cognate with Akkadian 𒊺𒁉𒀸 (šebērum) and Arabic ثَبَرَ (ṯabara, “to destroy”).

#### Noun

שֶׁבֶר • (shéver) m (plural indefinite שְׁבָרִים, singular construct שֶׁבֶר־, plural construct שִׁבְרֵי־) [pattern: קֶטֶל]
* break (a location where something has been broken)
** Tanach, Leviticus 21:19, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:אוֹ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יִהְיֶה בוֹ שֶׁבֶר רָגֶל אוֹ שֶׁבֶר יָד׃O ish ashér yihyéh vo shéver rágel o shéver yadOr a man that is broken-footed, or broken-handed
** Tanach, Lamentations 3:48, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:פַּלְגֵי־מַיִם תֵּרַד עֵינִי עַל־שֶׁבֶר בַּת־עַמִּי׃pálgei máyim terád 'einí 'al shéver bat 'ammíMine eye runneth down with rivers of water, for the breach of the daughter of my people.
** a. 425 C.E., Jerusalem Talmud, Shevu'ot 6:מָה אֵילּוּ מְיוּחָדִין שֶׁיֶּשׁ בָּהֶן שֶׁבֶר וּשְׁבוּיָה וָמֵתָה, יָֽצְאוּ קַרְקָעוֹת שֶׁאֵין בָּהּ שֶׁבֶר וּשְׁבוּיָה וָמֵתָה.Mah élu myuḥadín she-yesh ba-hen shéver u-shvuyáh va-metá, yáts'u qarqa'ót she-ein bah shéver u-shvuyá va-metá.Since these are unique in that they are subject to breakage, kidnapping, and death, it exempts real estate which is not subject to breakage, kidnapping, or death.
* shard (a piece of something broken)
** a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Shabbat 124b:מְגוּפָה שֶׁנִּכְתְּתָה — הִיא וּשְׁבָרֶיהָ מוּתָּר לְטַלְטְלָהּ בְּשַׁבָּת. וְלֹא יִסְפּוֹת מִמֶּנָּה שֶׁבֶר לְכַסּוֹת בָּהּ אֶת הַכְּלִי וְלִסְמוֹךְ בָּהּ כַּרְעֵי הַמִּטָּה.M'gufá she-nikht'ta — hi u-shvaréha mutár l-talt'l-ah b-shabbat. V-lo yispót mimménna shéver l-khassót bah et ha-kli v-lismókh báh kar'ei ha-mittá.A seal that was broken, it and its shards are permitted to move on the sabbath. But one may not break a shard from it to cover a vessel or hold up the legs of a bed.
* (Judaism) a medium-short blast on a shofar (almost always plural)
** a. 500 C.E., Babylonian Talmud, Rosh Hashanah 34a:אַתְקֵין רַבִּי אֲבָהוּ בְּקֵסָרִי: תְּקִיעָה, שְׁלֹשָׁה שְׁבָרִים, תְּרוּעָה, תְּקִיעָה.Atqín Rabbí Abáhu b-Qesarí: tqi'áh, shloshá sh'varím, tru'áh, tqi'áh.Rabbi Abahi established in Caesaria: one long blast, three medium-short blasts, one wavering blast, one long blast.
* (archaic) food
** Tanach, Genesis 43:2, with translation of Aryeh Kaplan:וַיְהִי כַּאֲשֶׁר כִּלּוּ לֶאֱכֹל אֶת־הַשֶּׁבֶר אֲשֶׁר הֵבִיאוּ מִמִּצְרָיִםvay'hí kaashér kilú leechól et-hashéver ashér hevíu mimitsráyimWhen they had used up all the supplies that they had brought from Egypt

##### Derived terms

* מֶכָנִיקַת הַשֶּׁבֶר (mekhanikát hashéver)

#### Verb

שָׁבַר • (shavár) (pa'al construction, passive participle שָׁבוּר, passive counterpart נִשְׁבַּר)
* (transitive) to break (separate into pieces or create cracks in)
** קוֹל יְהוָה שֹׁבֵר אֲרָזִים וַיְשַׁבֵּר יְהוָה אֶת־אַרְזֵי הַלְּבָנוֹן׃Qol Adonái shovér arazím va-yshabér Adonái et arzéi ha-Lvanon.The voice of the LORD breaketh the cedars; yea, the LORD breaketh in pieces the cedars of Lebanon.
* (transitive) to break (cause to malfunction or stop working)
* (transitive, archaic) to obtain food
** Tanach, Genesis 43:2, with translation of Aryeh Kaplan:שֻׁבוּ שִׁבְרוּ־לָנוּ מְעַט־אֹכֶלshuúvu shivru-lánu m'at-óchelGo back and get us a little food

##### Derived terms

* שׁוֹבֶרֶת קֶרַח (shovéret kérakh)
* הַקַּשׁ שֶׁשָּׁבַר אֶת גַּב הַגָּמָל (hakásh sheshavár ét gáv hagamál)

#### Verb

שִׁבֵּר • (shibér) (pi'el construction, passive counterpart שֻׁבַּר)
* defective spelling of שיבר

#### Verb

שֻׁבַּר • (shubár) (pu'al construction, active counterpart שִׁבֵּר)
* (intransitive) to be shattered (broken violently)

##### Alternative forms

* שובר

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

שִׂבֵּר • (sibér) (pi'el construction)
* (intransitive) to wait
** Tanach, Ruth 1:13, with translation of the King James Version:הֲלָהֵן תְּשַׂבֵּרְנָה עַד אֲשֶׁר יִגְדָּלוּhalahén t'sabérna ád ashér yigdáluWould ye tarry for them till they were grown?

##### Alternative forms

* שיבר

### References

* “שבר” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

### Further reading

* שבר on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$

### Anagrams

* בשר