# ملة
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

* Root
* م ل ل (m l l)
* 6 terms

#### Noun

مَلّة or مُلَّة • (malla or mulla) f (plural مُلَل (mulal))
* tedium, weariness
* bread baked in hot ashes
* sweating, fever
* tacking stitch, basting stitch, large stitch
* (Egypt, only مُلّة (mulla), also مُولَة (mūla)) frame for laying something on top, bedstead

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Derived or cognate to Aramaic מִלָּה (mellā, “word, speech, statement; matter or case, logic, reason, rationale; exposition; consensus”); compare Classical Syriac ܡܠܬܐ (mellṯā). Connected natively to the root م ل ء (m l ʔ) meaning “an adult who is regarded for his opinion”, “the affluent, nobles, or decision-makers in a tribe”, “to speak about or discuss”, “an assembly where consultation and opinions are given”, “expressing disdain or scorn”, “to give a critique”, “to converse or to give a review”, “to give your take on a situation”, “to give one's judgment or input”. See also the potentially derived root م ي ل (m y l) meaning “leaning, one's leaning” and the Millat Ibrahim, the critique, philosophy, or ideology of the prophet Ibrahim, namely Monotheism.

#### Noun

مِلَّة • (milla) f (plural مِلَل (milal))
* ideological or religious community, philosophy, creed, weltanschauung, religion, denomination.

##### Derived terms

* مِلِّيّ (milliyy, “related to the community of belief”)
* اِمْتَلَّ (imtalla, “to accede to, to embrace (the belief)”)

##### Descendants

* → Armenian: միլաթ (milatʻ)
* → Azerbaijani: millət
* → Bashkir: милләт (millət)
* → Chagatai: ملت
** Uyghur: مىللەت (millet)
** Uzbek: millat
* → Crimean Tatar: millet
* → Ottoman Turkish: ملت (millet)
** Turkish: millet
** → Abaza: амилаҭ
** → Albanian: milet
** → Bulgarian: миле́т (milét)
** → English: millet
** → Macedonian: милет (milet)
** → Serbo-Croatian: mìlet / мѝлет
* ⇒ Ottoman Turkish: ملیت (milliyyet)
** Turkish: milliyet
** → Azerbaijani: milliyyət
** → Pashto: مليت (milliyát)
** → Persian: ملیت (melliyat)
*** Tajik: миллият (milliyat)
** → Uyghur: مىللىيەت (milliyet)
** → Uzbek: milliyat
* → Pashto: ملت
* → Persian: ملت
** → Bengali: মিল্লত (millot)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: मिल्लत (millat)
    Urdu: مِلَّت (millat)
** → Punjabi:
*** Shahmukhi script: مِلَّت (millat)
** → Sindhi: ملت
* → Tatar: милләт (millät)
* → Turkmen: millet

### References

* Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 84, page 33
* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “ملة”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 608
* Freytag, Georg (1837) “ملة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 202
* Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 268–269
* Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “ملة”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C$^{ie}$, pages 1140–1141
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “ملة”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1874
* Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, pages 25–26
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ملة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 1050
* Wahrmund, Adolf (1887) “ملة”, in Handwörterbuch der neu-arabischen und deutschen Sprache‎ (in German), volume 2, Gießen: J. Ricker’sche Buchhandlung, page 890
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “ملة”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 1077
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “ملة”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1217