# tutor
## English
### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈtutɚ/
* Audio (US):(file)
** Homophones: tooter, Tudor
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈtjuːtə/
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Rhymes: -uːtə(ɹ)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English tutour, from Old French tuteur (French tuteur), from Latin tūtor (“a watcher, protector, guardian”), from tueor (“protect”); see tuition.

#### Alternative forms

* tutour (archaic)

#### Noun

tutor (plural tutors)
* One who teaches another (usually called a student, learner, or tutee) in a one-on-one or small-group interaction.
    He passed the difficult class with help from his tutor.
* (UK) A university officer responsible for students in a particular hall.
* (UK) A homeroom
* (obsolete or Quebec law) One who has the charge of a child or pupil and his estate; a guardian.

##### Synonyms

* (one who teaches): preceptor

##### Derived terms

* e-tutor
* tutee
* tutorship
* tutrix

##### Related terms

* tuition
* tutelage
* tutelar
* tutelary
* tutorial

##### Translations
#### Verb

tutor (third-person singular simple present tutors, present participle tutoring, simple past and past participle tutored)
* (transitive) To instruct or teach, especially an individual or small group.
    To help pay her tuition, the college student began to tutor high school students in calculus and physics.
* (transitive, archaic) To treat with authority or sternness.

##### Further reading

* Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “tutor”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
* “tutor”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “tutor”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

### Etymology 2

Ellipsis of Demonic tutor, name of an early Magic: The Gathering card with this effect.

#### Noun

tutor (plural tutors)
* (collectible card games) A card that allows one to search one's deck for one or more other cards.
** 1998 April 5, kc...@pcmagic.com, “tutor ideas”, in rec.games.trading-cards.magic.misc‎ (Usenet), retrieved 2019-05-09, message-ID <<35271e02.1847089@news.pcmagic.net>>:here are some tutor cards i thought would be interesting.

#### Verb

tutor (third-person singular simple present tutors, present participle tutoring, simple past and past participle tutored)
* (collectible card games) To fetch a card from one's deck.
** 2002, David Seiler, “Type I -- What do you think about Wishes and how do you plan to break them?”, in rec.games.trading-cards.magic.strategy‎ (Usenet):Any instant that you move to the board can *only* be tutored for with Cunning Wish.

### Anagrams

* Routt, Trout, trout

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tūtōrem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [tuˈto]
* IPA: (Valencia) [tuˈtoɾ]

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [tuˈto]
* IPA: (Valencia) [tuˈtoɾ]

### Noun

tutor m (plural tutors, feminine tutora)
* tutor (teacher)
* guardian (person responsible for another)

#### Related terms

* tutela
* tutoria

### References

* “tutor” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

### Further reading

* “tutor” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Chinese
### Etymology 1

From English tutor.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): tiu$^1$ taa$^2$ / tiu$^1$ taa$^4$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tiu$^1$ taa$^2$ / tiu$^1$ taa$^4$
*** Yale: tīu tá / tīu tàh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tiu$^1$ taa$^2$ / tiu$^1$ taa$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tiu$^1$ ta$^2$ / tiu$^1$ ta$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːu̯⁵⁵ tʰaː³⁵/, /tʰiːu̯⁵⁵ tʰaː²¹/

#### Noun

tutor
* (Hong Kong Cantonese) tutor (one who teaches)

### Etymology 2

From clipping of English tutorial.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): tiu$^6$ to$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tiu$^6$ to$^1$
*** Yale: tiuh tō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tiu$^6$ to$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tiu$^6$ to$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːu̯²² tʰɔː⁵⁵/

#### Noun

tutor
* (Hong Kong Cantonese, university slang) tutorial
    上tutor [Cantonese] ― soeng$^5$ tiu$^6$ to$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to attend tutorial class

### References

* English Loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese
* John Gibbons (1987) “Code-mixing and code choice : a Hong Kong case study”, in Multilingual Matters (in Chinese), page 56

## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtu(ː)tor/, [ˈt̪u(ː)t̪o̞r]
* Rhymes: -utor
* Hyphenation: tu‧tor

### Noun

tutor
* Alternative form of tuutori.

#### Declension

Possessive forms of tutor (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tutorini
tutorini
accusative
nom.
tutorini
tutorini
gen.
tutorini
genitive
tutorini
tutorieni tutoreideni tutoreitteni
partitive
tutoriani
tutoreitani tutorejani
inessive
tutorissani
tutoreissani
elative
tutoristani
tutoreistani
illative
tutoriini
tutoreihini
adessive
tutorillani
tutoreillani
ablative
tutoriltani
tutoreiltani
allative
tutorilleni
tutoreilleni
essive
tutorinani
tutoreinani
translative
tutorikseni
tutoreikseni
abessive
tutorittani
tutoreittani
instructive
comitative
—tutoreineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tutorisi
tutorisi
accusative
nom.
tutorisi
tutorisi
gen.
tutorisi
genitive
tutorisi
tutoriesi tutoreidesi tutoreittesi
partitive
tutoriasi
tutoreitasi tutorejasi
inessive
tutorissasi
tutoreissasi
elative
tutoristasi
tutoreistasi
illative
tutoriisi
tutoreihisi
adessive
tutorillasi
tutoreillasi
ablative
tutoriltasi
tutoreiltasi
allative
tutorillesi
tutoreillesi
essive
tutorinasi
tutoreinasi
translative
tutoriksesi
tutoreiksesi
abessive
tutorittasi
tutoreittasi
instructive
comitative
—tutoreinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tutorimme
tutorimme
accusative
nom.
tutorimme
tutorimme
gen.
tutorimme
genitive
tutorimme
tutoriemme tutoreidemme tutoreittemme
partitive
tutoriamme
tutoreitamme tutorejamme
inessive
tutorissamme
tutoreissamme
elative
tutoristamme
tutoreistamme
illative
tutoriimme
tutoreihimme
adessive
tutorillamme
tutoreillamme
ablative
tutoriltamme
tutoreiltamme
allative
tutorillemme
tutoreillemme
essive
tutorinamme
tutoreinamme
translative
tutoriksemme
tutoreiksemme
abessive
tutorittamme
tutoreittamme
instructive
comitative
—tutoreinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tutorinne
tutorinne
accusative
nom.
tutorinne
tutorinne
gen.
tutorinne
genitive
tutorinne
tutorienne tutoreidenne tutoreittenne
partitive
tutorianne
tutoreitanne tutorejanne
inessive
tutorissanne
tutoreissanne
elative
tutoristanne
tutoreistanne
illative
tutoriinne
tutoreihinne
adessive
tutorillanne
tutoreillanne
ablative
tutoriltanne
tutoreiltanne
allative
tutorillenne
tutoreillenne
essive
tutorinanne
tutoreinanne
translative
tutoriksenne
tutoreiksenne
abessive
tutorittanne
tutoreittanne
instructive
comitative
—tutoreinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
tutorinsa
tutorinsa
accusative
nom.
tutorinsa
tutorinsa
gen.
tutorinsa
genitive
tutorinsa
tutoriensa tutoreidensa tutoreittensa
partitive
tutoriaan tutoriansa
tutoreitaan tutorejaan tutoreitansa tutorejansa
inessive
tutorissaan tutorissansa
tutoreissaan tutoreissansa
elative
tutoristaan tutoristansa
tutoreistaan tutoreistansa
illative
tutoriinsa
tutoreihinsa
adessive
tutorillaan tutorillansa
tutoreillaan tutoreillansa
ablative
tutoriltaan tutoriltansa
tutoreiltaan tutoreiltansa
allative
tutorilleen tutorillensa
tutoreilleen tutoreillensa
essive
tutorinaan tutorinansa
tutoreinaan tutoreinansa
translative
tutorikseen tutoriksensa
tutoreikseen tutoreiksensa
abessive
tutorittaan tutorittansa
tutoreittaan tutoreittansa
instructive
comitative
—tutoreineen tutoreinensa :

#### Derived terms

* tutoroida

### Further reading

* “tutor”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* rutot, rutto, torut, turot

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈtuː.tor/, [ˈt̪uːt̪ɔr]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈtu.tor/, [ˈt̪uːt̪or]

### Etymology 1

From tueor +‎ -tor, via the old past participle tūtus (later replaced by tuitus).

#### Noun

tūtor m (genitive tūtōris, feminine tūtrīx); third declension
* watcher, protector, defender
* guardian (of minors)
* tutor

##### Declension

Third-declension noun.

##### Descendants

* → Catalan: tutor
* → English: tutor
* → Finnish: tuutori
* → French: tuteur
* → Galician: titor
* → Italian: tutore
* → Portuguese: tutor
* → Spanish: tutor

### Etymology 2

From tueor +‎ -tō, via the old past participle tūtus (later replaced by tuitus).

#### Alternative forms

* tūtō

#### Verb

tūtor (present infinitive tūtārī or tūtārier, perfect active tūtātus sum); first conjugation, deponent
* to guard, protect, defend
    Synonyms: prōtegō, dēfendō, vindicō, salvō, cū̆stōdiō, sospitō, praeservō, arceō, servō, tegō, adsum, tueor, sustineō, teneō, adimō, prohibeō, mūniō, ēripiō
    Antonyms: immineō, īnstō, obiectō
* to ward off, avert

##### Conjugation

$^1$The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

##### Descendants

* Catalan: tudar
* Franco-Provençal: tuar
* Old French: tuer (see there for further descendants)
* Old Occitan: tudar, tuar
** Occitan: tuar
* Sardinian: tutare (Bitti)
* Vulgar Latin: *adtūtāre, *extūtāre, *distūtāre (see there for further descendants)

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “tutari”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 13: To–Tyrus, page 449

### Further reading

* “tutor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “tutor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* tutor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* “tutor”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “tutor”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English tutor, from Middle English tutour, from Old French tuteur, from Latin tūtor, from tueor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtu.tɔr/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -utɔr
* Syllabification: tu‧tor

### Noun

tutor m pers
* tutor (university officer responsible for students in a particular hall)
* (archaic) tutor (one who teaches another in a one-on-one or small-group interaction)

#### Derived terms

* tutorski

### Further reading

* tutor in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin tūtōrem.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /tuˈtoʁ/ [tuˈtoh]
* (Brazil) IPA: /tuˈtoʁ/ [tuˈtoh]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /tuˈtoɾ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /tuˈtoʁ/ [tuˈtoχ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /tuˈtoɻ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tuˈtoɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tuˈtoɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /tuˈto.ɾi/
* Rhymes: (Portugal, São Paulo) -oɾ, (Brazil) -oʁ
* Hyphenation: tu‧tor

### Noun

tutor m (plural tutores, feminine tutora, feminine plural tutoras)
* tutor (one who teaches in a one-on-one or small-group interaction)
* (law) guardian (person legally responsible for a minor or incompetent person)
* (neologism) pet owner
    Synonym: dono

#### Derived terms

* tutorar
* tutorear
* tutoria
* tutorial

#### Descendants

* → Tetum: tutór

### Further reading

* “tutor”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tutor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tûːtor/
* Hyphenation: tu‧tor

### Noun

tȗtor m (Cyrillic spelling ту̑тор)
* tutor
* guardian

#### Declension
### References

* “tutor”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tutorem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tuˈtoɾ/ [t̪uˈt̪oɾ]
* Rhymes: -oɾ
* Syllabification: tu‧tor

### Noun

tutor m (plural tutores, feminine tutora, feminine plural tutoras)
* guardian (person responsible for another)
* tutor (teacher)
* (horticulture) trellis

#### Related terms

* tutela
* tutoría

#### Further reading

* “tutor”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Noun

tutor
* indefinite plural of tuta