# 成立
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chénglì
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ ㄌㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sing$^4$ laap$^6$ / sing$^4$ lap$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̀n-li̍p
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sia$^2$ lih$^7$ / siaⁿ$^2$ lih$^7$ / sing$^2$ lih$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sêng-li̍p
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêng$^5$ lib$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zen-liq$_8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chénglì
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄌㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chénglì
*** Wade–Giles: chʻêng$^2$-li$^4$
*** Yale: chéng-lì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chernglih
*** Palladius: чэнли (čɛnli)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ li⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$成例 成立
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sing$^4$ laap$^6$ / sing$^4$ lap$^6$
*** Yale: sìhng laahp / sìhng lahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sing$^4$ laap$^9$ / sing$^4$ lap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xing$^4$ lab$^6$ / xing$^4$ leb$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪŋ²¹ laːp̚²/, /sɪŋ²¹ lɐp̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀n-li̍p
*** Hakka Romanization System: siin$^ˇ$ lib
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sin$^2$ lib$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨn¹¹ lip̚⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sia$^2$ lih$^7$ [Phonetic: sia$^5$ lih$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬia¹³⁻²¹ liʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: siaⁿ$^2$ lih$^7$ [Phonetic: siaⁿ$^5$ lih$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬĩã¹³⁻²¹ liʔ²⁴/
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sing$^2$ lih$^7$ [Phonetic: sing$^5$ lih$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiŋ¹³⁻²¹ liʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sing$^2$ lih$^7$ [Phonetic: sing$^5$ lih$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiŋ¹³⁻²¹ liʔ²⁴/
* sia2 lih7/siaⁿ2 lih7 - vernacular;
* sing2 lih7 - literary.

### Verb

成立
* to found; to establish
    慶祝新中國成立／庆祝新中国成立 ― qìngzhù Xīnzhōngguó chénglì ― to celebrate the founding of New China
       1949 nián, Máo Zédōng zhǔxí xuāngào Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó chénglì. [Pinyin]
       In 1949, Chairman Mao Zedong declared the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
       Xīnzhōngguó chénglì zhī chū, Zhōngguó yīqióng'èrbái, bǎifèidàixīng. [Pinyin]
       In the early days after the establishment of the People's Republic of China, China was impoverished, with great number of things waiting to be rebuilt and tasks to be undertaken.
* to hold water; to be tenable
    觀點成立。／观点成立。 ― Guāndiǎn chénglì. ― The viewpoint holds water.

#### Synonyms

* (to found):
* 倡辦 / 倡办 (chàngbàn)
* 創下 / 创下 (chuàngxià)
* 創制 / 创制 (chuàngzhì)
* 創建 / 创建 (chuàngjiàn)
* 創立 / 创立 (chuànglì)
* 創興 / 创兴 (chuàngxīng) (literary)
* 創設 / 创设 (chuàngshè)
* 創辦 / 创办 (chuàngbàn)
* 建立 (jiànlì)
* 建置 (jiànzhì)
* 搭建 (dājiàn)
* 施設 / 施设 (shīshè) (literary)
* 植 (zhí) (literary, or in compounds)
* 樹立 / 树立 (shùlì)
* 確立 / 确立 (quèlì)
* 立下 (lìxià)
* 組建 / 组建 (zǔjiàn)
* 興辦 / 兴办 (xīngbàn)
* 設 / 设 (shè)
* 設立 / 设立 (shèlì)
* 開創 / 开创 (kāichuàng)
* 開基 / 开基 (kāijī) (literary)
* 開建 / 开建 (kāijiàn)
* 開設 / 开设 (kāishè)
* 開辦 / 开办 (kāibàn)
* (to hold water): 站得住腳／站得住脚 (zhàndezhù jiǎo), 站得住 (zhàndezhù)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 成(せい)立(りつ) (seiritsu)
* → Korean: 성립(成立) (seongnip)
* → Vietnamese: thành lập (成立)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 成 | 立 |
| せい Grade: 4 | りつ Grade: 1 |
| kan'on | kan'yōon |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せーりつ [sèérítsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞ːɾʲit͡sɨ]

### Noun

成(せい)立(りつ) • (seiritsu)
* birth; formation; coming into existence
* approval
    その法(ほう)案(あん)の成(せい)立(りつ)には多(おお)くの人(ひと)が関(かか)わった。
       Sono hōan no seiritsu ni wa ōku no hito ga kakawatta.
       Many were involved in the passage of the bill.

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “birth”): 消(しょう)滅(めつ) (shōmetsu), 崩(ほう)壊(かい) (hōkai)
* (antonym(s) of “approval”): 通(つう)過(か) (tsūka)

### Verb

成(せい)立(りつ)する • (seiritsu suru) intransitive suru (stem 成(せい)立(りつ)し (seiritsu shi), past 成(せい)立(りつ)した (seiritsu shita))
* to form
* to be born; to come into existence
* to gain approval

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 成立し | せいりつし | seiritsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 成立し | せいりつし | seiritsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 成立する | せいりつする | seiritsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 成立する | せいりつする | seiritsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 成立すれ | せいりつすれ | seiritsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 成立せよ¹ 成立しろ² | せいりつせよ¹ せいりつしろ² | seiritsu seyo¹ seiritsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 成立される | せいりつされる | seiritsu sareru |
| Causative | 成立させる 成立さす | せいりつさせる せいりつさす | seiritsu saseru seiritsu sasu |
| Potential | 成立できる | せいりつできる | seiritsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 成立しよう | せいりつしよう | seiritsu shiyō |
| Negative | 成立しない | せいりつしない | seiritsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 成立せず | せいりつせず | seiritsu sezu |
| Formal | 成立します | せいりつします | seiritsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 成立した | せいりつした | seiritsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 成立して | せいりつして | seiritsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 成立すれば | せいりつすれば | seiritsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 成 | 立 |

### Noun

成立 • (seongnip) (hangeul 성립)
* hanja form of 성립 (“(act of) being established”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 成 | 立 |

### Verb

成立
* chữ Hán form of thành lập (“to establish; to set up; to found”).