OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# մակոյկ
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

An Iranian borrowing: compare Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mkwk' /⁠makōg⁠/, “boat”), Persian مکوک (makôk, “weaver's shuttle”) and see the latter for more.

### Noun

մակոյկ • (makoyk)
* boat

#### Derived terms

* մակուկաչու (makukačʻu)
* մակուկեմ (makukem)
* նաւամակոյկ (nawamakoyk)

#### Related terms

* -ոյկ (-oyk)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: մակույկ (makuyk)

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “մակոյկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, pages 232–233
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “մակոյկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 191
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “մակոյկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# margarina
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from French margarine (“margarine”), from Ancient Greek μαργαρίτης (margarítēs, “pearl”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [mər.ɡəˈɾi.nə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [maɾ.ɣaˈɾi.na]

### Noun

margarina f (plural margarines)
* margarine

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French margarine (“margarine”), from Ancient Greek μαργαρίτης (margarítēs, “pearl”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mar.ɡaˈri.na/
* Rhymes: -ina
* Hyphenation: mar‧ga‧rì‧na

### Noun

margarina f (plural margarine)
* margarine

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from French margarine (“margarine”), from Ancient Greek μάργαρον (márgaron, “pearl”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /maʁ.ɡaˈɾĩ.nɐ/ [maɦ.ɡaˈɾĩ.nɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /maʁ.ɡaˈɾĩ.nɐ/ [maɦ.ɡaˈɾĩ.nɐ]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /maɾ.ɡaˈɾĩ.nɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /maʁ.ɡaˈɾĩ.nɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /maɻ.ɡaˈɾi.na/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mɐɾ.ɡɐˈɾi.nɐ/ [mɐɾ.ɣɐˈɾi.nɐ]
* Hyphenation: mar‧ga‧ri‧na

### Noun

margarina f (plural margarinas)
* margarine

### References

* ↑ “margarina”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* ↑ “margarina”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French margarine (“margarine”), from Ancient Greek μαργαρίτης (margarítēs, “pearl”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maɾɡaˈɾina/ [maɾ.ɣ̞aˈɾi.na]
* Audio (Spain):(file)
* Rhymes: -ina
* Syllabification: mar‧ga‧ri‧na

### Noun

margarina f (plural margarinas)
* margarine

### Further reading

* “margarina”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish margarina, from French margarine (“margarine”), from acide margarique (“margaric acid”), from Ancient Greek μαργαρίτης (margarítēs, “pearl”). Doublet of margarin.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /maɾɡaˈɾina/ [mɐɾ.ɡɐˈɾiː.n̪ɐ]
* Rhymes: -ina
* Syllabification: mar‧ga‧ri‧na

### Noun

margarina (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇ᜔ᜄᜇᜒᜈ)
* margarine
    Synonyms: margarin, oleomargarina

#### Related terms

* oleomargarina

#### See also

* mantekilya

### Further reading

* “margarina”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “margarina”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# ꦢꦼꦩꦁ
## Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Javanese dĕmaṅ, dĕmuṅ (“name of a functionary at the court”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /də.maŋ/
* Rhymes: -maŋ
* Hyphenation: de‧mang

### Noun

ꦢꦼꦩꦁ (demang)
* village head.
* title of a court official.
* customary law expert.

#### Derived terms

* ꦏꦢꦼꦩꦔꦤ꧀ (kademangan)

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: demang

### Further reading

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2011) “demang”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), 2nd edition, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
# ꦲꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀
## Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Javanese umbul.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /um.bul/
* Rhymes: -bul
* Hyphenation: um‧bul

### Noun

ꦲꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀ (umbul)
* spring
* a certain boys' game played by tossing cards in the air
* flag, pennant

#### Derived terms

* ꦏꦺꦴꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀ (kombul)
* ꦔꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭꦏꦺ (ngumbulaké)
* ꦩꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀ (mumbul)

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: umbul

### Further reading

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2011) “umbul”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), 2nd edition, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
# altruisme
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from French altruisme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [əl.tɾuˈiz.mə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [al.tɾuˈiz.me]

### Noun

altruisme m (uncountable)
* altruism

#### Related terms

* altruista

### Further reading

* “altruisme” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## French
### Etymology

Coined by Auguste Comte in 1830, from autrui +‎ -isme. From Old French, from Latin alteri, dative of alter (“other”). Apparently inspired by French Latin legal phrase l’autrui, from le bien, le droit d’autrui (“the good, the right of the other”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /al.tʁɥism/ ~ /al.tʁɥizm/
* Audio (Paris):(file)
* Rhymes: -ism, -izm
* Homophone: altruismes
* Hyphenation: al‧tru‧isme, al‧truisme

### Noun

altruisme m (plural altruismes)
* altruism

#### Related terms

* altruiste

#### Descendants

* → Dutch: altruïsme
** → Indonesian: altruismê
* → English: altruism
* → German: Altruismus
* → Russian: альтруизм (alʹtruizm)
** → Georgian: ალტრუიზმი (alṭruizmi)
** → Kazakh: альтруизм (altruizm)

### References

* Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “altruisme”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

### Further reading

* “altruisme”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* mutileras, stimulera, trémulais

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Internationalism, affixed altruis +‎ -isme, borrowed from Dutch altruïsme, from French altruisme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [altruˈɪsmə]
* Hyphenation: al‧tru‧is‧mê

### Noun

altruismê (uncountable)
* altruism

#### Related terms

* altruis
* altruistis

### Further reading

* “altruisme” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# albergado
## Galician
### Participle

albergado (feminine albergada, masculine plural albergados, feminine plural albergadas)
* past participle of albergar

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From albergar (“to lodge in a hostel”) +‎ -ado (“-ated”), from albergue (“hostel”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aw.beʁˈɡa.du/ [aʊ̯.beɦˈɡa.du]
* (Brazil) IPA: /aw.beʁˈɡa.du/ [aʊ̯.beɦˈɡa.du]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /aw.beɾˈɡa.du/ [aʊ̯.beɾˈɡa.du]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /aw.beʁˈɡa.du/ [aʊ̯.beʁˈɡa.du]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aw.beɻˈɡa.do/ [aʊ̯.beɻˈɡa.do]
* (Portugal) IPA: /al.bɨɾˈɡa.du/ [aɫ.βɨɾˈɣa.ðu]

### Adjective

albergado (feminine albergada, masculine plural albergados, feminine plural albergadas)
* homeless, especially if spending nights in a hostel
    Synonyms: desabrigado, sem-teto

### Noun

albergado m (plural albergados, feminine albergada, feminine plural albergadas)
* a homeless person, especially one who spends nights in a hostel
    Synonyms: desabrigado, morador de rua, sem-teto

#### Related terms

* albergador
* albergagem
* albergamento
* albergar
* albergaria
* albergue
* albergueiro
* alberguista

### Participle

albergado (feminine albergada, masculine plural albergados, feminine plural albergadas)
* past participle of albergar

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /albeɾˈɡado/ [al.β̞eɾˈɣ̞a.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -ado
* Syllabification: al‧ber‧ga‧do

### Participle

albergado (feminine albergada, masculine plural albergados, feminine plural albergadas)
* past participle of albergar
# မဲာ်
## S'gaw Karen
### Etymology

From Proto-Karen *mɛʔᴰ (“eye, face”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *mɛʔ¹ (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mjak ~ s-mik (“eye”). Cognate with Pa'o Karen မဲ့, Western Pwo မ့ၬ, Eastern Pwo မေံ (mèQ). Compare Western Kayah ꤗꤢꤧ꤬ꤞꤢꤧ꤬ (màethàe).

### Noun

မဲာ် • (meḥ)
* eye.
* face.
* knot (in the wood).

#### Synonyms

* (eye): မဲာ်ချံ (meḥ khlee)
* (face): မဲာ်သၣ် (meḥ thà)

#### Derived terms

* မဲာ်ဆှး (meḥ hshgä)
* မဲာ်ညါ (meḥ nyah)
* မဲာ်ထံ (meḥ hṭee)
* မဲာ်ဘျီၣ် (meḥ blaẁ)
# աւեր
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

An Iranian borrowing; compare Parthian 𐭀𐭅𐭉𐭓𐭍 (ʾwyrn, “ruin, destruction”), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾwylʾn' /⁠awērān⁠/), Persian ویران (virân, “desolate, ruined”), and see the latter for more.

### Adjective

աւեր • (awer)
* desolate, ruined

### Noun

աւեր • (awer)
* desolation, ruin; ruined place
    յաւեր լինել, կալ մատնիլ, դառնալ ― yawer linel, kal matnil, daṙnal ― to be ruined, to decay, to be desolate
    յաւեր դարձուցանել, յաւեր անմարդի դնել ― yawer darjucʻanel, yawer anmardi dnel ― to ruin, to destroy, to ravage, to desolate, to harass, to infest

#### Declension
### Derived terms

* այրացաւեր (ayracʻawer)
* անաւեր (anawer)
* աշխարհաւեր (ašxarhawer)
* աւերած (awerac)
* աւերածութիւն (aweracutʻiwn)
* աւերեմ (awerem)
* աւերիչ (aweričʻ)
* աւերուած (aweruac)
* աւերումն (awerumn)
* երագաւեր (eragawer)
* կիսաւեր (kisawer)
* վաղաւեր (vaławer)
* տնաւեր (tnawer)
* ցորենաւեր (cʻorenawer)
* քաղաքաւեր (kʻałakʻawer)

### Related terms

* աւերակ (awerak)
* աւերանք (awerankʻ)

### Descendants

* Armenian: ավեր (aver)

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “աւեր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 359–360
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “աւեր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, pages 112, 511
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “աւեր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# ဒံၣ်
## S'gaw Karen
### Etymology

From Proto-Karen *ʔdejᴮ (“egg”) (Luangthongkum, 2019) or *di² (“idem”) (Burling, 1969), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d(w)əj. Cognate with Pa'o Karen ဒီႏ, Eastern Pwo ဍီး (dí).

### Noun

ဒံၣ် • (deè)
* egg

#### Derived terms

* ဆီဒံၣ် (hsaw deè)
# gering
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch gering, from Proto-Germanic *ga- + *reng-ja, of obscure origin. Probably not related to wringen.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪŋ

### Adjective

gering (comparative geringer, superlative geringst)
* (quantity) little
* (people or matters) insignificant, trivial

#### Descendants

* Negerhollands: gering

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German geringe, from Old High German giringi, ringi (“low, plain, simple, light, easy”), from Proto-Germanic *ringwaz (“small, light, quick”), of uncertain origin, though possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wrengʷʰ- (“to squeeze, wring”) and cognate with Proto-Germanic *wringaną (“to squeeze, wring”), Ancient Greek ῥίμφα (rhímpha, “fast, quickly”). Cognate with Yiddish גרינג (gring, “light, easy”) (DWDS).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡəˈʁɪŋ/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

gering (strong nominative masculine singular geringer, comparative geringer, superlative am geringsten)
* little, low
    geringer Wert.low value.
** 2010, Der Spiegel‎, number 30/2010, page 57:Zwar ist der Anteil der Frauen in Betriebsratsämtern mit knapp 25 Prozent noch vergleichsweise gering, aber er wächst.It is true that the portion of women in works council positions is still comparatively low with 25 percent, but it is growing.

#### Derived terms

* geringschätzen
* nicht im Geringsten

### Further reading

* “gering” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “gering” in Duden online
* “gering” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay gering (“sick”), from Javanese ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ (gering, “languishing, sickly; thin, emaciated; sick”), from Old Javanese gĕriṅ, griṅ (“illness, affliction”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡə.ˈrɪŋ/
* Rhymes: -rɪŋ
* Hyphenation: gê‧ring

### Adjective

gering
* (obsolete) sick
    Synonym: sakit

#### Derived terms

* penggering
* gering bersalin
* gering hulu
* gering tengah

### Further reading

* “gering” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

gering
* Romanization of ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ

## Malay
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡə.riŋ/
* Rhymes: -riŋ, -iŋ
* Hyphenation: ge‧ring

### Adjective

gering (Jawi spelling ݢريڠ)
* (royal) sick.

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* kegeringan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* gering bersaling
* gering hulu
* gering tengah

#### Descendants

* > Indonesian: gering (inherited)

#### References

* "gering" in Kamus Dewan, Fourth Edition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, →ISBN, 2005.

#### Further reading

* “gering” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ
## Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Javanese gĕriṅ, griṅ (“illness, affliction”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡə.riŋ/
* Rhymes: -riŋ
* Hyphenation: ge‧ring

### Noun

ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ (gering)
* sick

### Adjective

ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ (gering)
* languishing, sickly
* thin, emaciated

### Synonyms

* ꦒꦼꦫꦃ (gerah)
* ꦠꦺꦭꦺꦂ (télér)
* ꦭꦫ (lara)

### Derived terms

* ꦒꦼꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ (gegering)
* ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦔꦤ꧀ (geringan)
* ꦒꦼꦫꦶꦔꦼꦤ꧀ (geringen)
* ꦥꦒꦼꦫꦶꦁ (pagering)

### Descendants

* → Malay: gering
** > Indonesian: gering (inherited)

### Further reading

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2011) “gering”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), 2nd edition, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
# kerül
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *kerä (“round, turning; turn, twist”) + -ül (frequentative-reflexive suffix). Compare Finnish kierä, kiero, kiertää.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɛryl]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ke‧rül
* Rhymes: -yl

### Verb

kerül
* (intransitive) to get (to somewhere, to a location or into a situation, with lative suffixes)
    börtönbe kerül ― to get into jail
    nehéz helyzetbe kerül ― to get into a difficult situation
* (intransitive) to detour, to go on a byway (to go on a longer way than the shortest)
* (transitive) to avoid someone or something
    kerüli a nyilvánosságot ― to shun publicity
* (intransitive) to take (effort etc.: -ba/-be)
* (intransitive) to cost (some amount: -ba/-be)
    Synonyms: (informal, dated) kóstál, (slang) fáj
    Mennyibe kerül? ― How much does it cost?
* (slightly formal, sometimes proscribed) to be …(e)d, to get …(e)d (part of a passive-forming structure, with the -ra/-re form of the verbal noun of the main verb; compare van/lesz + -va/-ve)
    Ez az üzenet törlésre került. ― This message was deleted.

#### Derived terms

* kerület
* kerülés
* kerülget
* kerülő
(With verbal prefixes):
* alákerül
* átkerül
* bekerül
* belekerül
* elkerül
* elékerül
* előkerül
* előrekerül
* felkerül
* hátrakerül
* hazakerül
* helyrekerül
* hozzákerül
* idekerül
* kikerül
* különkerül
* lekerül
* megkerül
* odakerül
* összekerül
* rákerül
* szembekerül
* visszakerül
* bajba kerül
* egy vagyonba kerül
* mennyibe kerül
* válságba kerül

#### Related terms

* kering
* kerít

### References

* ↑ Entry #286 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
* ↑ kerül in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* kerül in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# komik
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkomɪk]

### Noun

komik m anim (female equivalent komička, relational adjective komický)
* comedian, comic

#### Related terms

* komediant
* komedie
* komično

### Further reading

* “komik”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “komik”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay komik from Dutch komiek, from Latin comicus, from Ancient Greek κωμικός (kōmikós, “relating to comedy”), from κῶμος (kômos, “carousal”). Doublet of komika.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈko.mɪk]
* Hyphenation: ko‧mik

### Noun

komik
* comic, a story composed of cartoon images arranged in sequence, usually with textual captions; a graphic novel.
    Synonyms: cerita bergambar, cergam
    Hyponyms: manga, manhwa

#### Related terms

* komika
* komikal
* komikus

### Further reading

* “komik” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Dutch komiek, from Latin comicus, from Ancient Greek κωμικός (kōmikós, “relating to comedy”), from κῶμος (kômos, “carousal”).

### Noun

komik
* comic, story of sequential cartoon images
    Synonyms: kelawak, cerita bergambar
    Hyponyms: manga, manhwa

### References

* ↑ Kwik Khing Djoen (1923) “komiek”, in Kitab Vortaro: Segala Perkatahan-Perkatahan Asing Jang Soeda Oemoem Di Goena Ken Di Dalem Soerat-Soerat Kabar Melayoe, Batavia: Sin Po, page 176

### Further reading

* “komik” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɔ.mik/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔmik
* Syllabification: ko‧mik

### Noun

komik m pers
* comedian, comic, funnyman
    Synonyms: komediant, humorysta

#### Derived terms

* komiczny
* komizm

### Further reading

* komik in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* komik in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Swedish
### Noun

komik c
* things that are comic; comedy (amusing performances or occurrences)

#### Usage notes

About funny occurrences generally. Broader than komedi, which is limited to deliberately humorous performances, including movies and the like, except in a figurative sense.

#### Declension
### References

* komik in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* komik in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* komik in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

## Turkish
### Etymology

From French comique.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koˈmik/

### Adjective

komik
* funny

#### Derived terms

* komikleşmek
# ưu
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔiw˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɨw˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɨw˧˧]

### Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 優.

#### Adjective

ưu
* (only in fixed Sino-Vietnamese expressions) optimal, superior

#### Compounds

* tối ưu (最優)
* ưu ái (優愛)
* ưu du (優遊)
* ưu đãi (優待)
* ưu điểm (優點)
* ưu liệt (優劣)
* ưu thế (優勢)
* ưu tiên (優先)
* ưu trương (優張)
* ưu tú (優秀)
* ưu việt (優越)

### Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 憂.

#### Adjective

ưu
* (only in fixed Sino-Vietnamese expressions) sorrowful

#### Compounds

* ưu phiền (憂煩)
* ưu sầu (憂愁)
* ưu tư (憂思)
# lathala
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Possibly related to Sanskrit यन्त्र (yantra), via Malay jentera.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /latˈhalaʔ/ [lɐt̪ˈhaː.lɐʔ] (noun)
*** Rhymes: -alaʔ
** IPA: /lathaˈlaʔ/ [lɐt̪.hɐˈlaʔ] (adjective)
*** Rhymes: -aʔ
* Syllabification: lat‧ha‧la

### Noun

lathalà (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜆ᜔ᜑᜎ)
* publication; publishing
    Synonyms: paglalathala, pagkakalathala
* published article (in a newspaper or magazine)
    Synonyms: artikulo, lathalain
* news report (in a newspaper, etc.)
    Synonym: balita
* advertisement; announcement (in a newspaper or magazine)
    Synonyms: anunsiyo, patalastas

#### Derived terms

* ilathala
* ipalathala
* lathalaan
* lathalain
* maglathala
* magpalathala
* malathala
* pagkakalathala
* paglalathala
* palathala
* tagalathala
* tagapaglathala

### Adjective

lathalâ (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜆ᜔ᜑᜎ)
* published (in a newspaper, etc.)

#### References

* ↑ Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 288
# kontradiksi
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed kontra- +‎ diksi, from Dutch contradictie, from Middle Dutch contradictie, from Middle French contradiction, from Old French contradiction, from Latin contrādictiō, from contrādīcō (“speak against”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɔntraˈdiksi]
* Hyphenation: kon‧tra‧dik‧si
* Rhymes: -si, -i

### Noun

kontradiksi (plural kontradiksi-kontradiksi)
* contradiction
    Synonym: pertentangan

#### Related terms

* diksi

### Further reading

* “kontradiksi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# tʃʰɿ³⁵
## Pela
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʃʰz̩³⁵/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-tsəj (“medicine; juice; paint”). Cognate with Burmese ဆေး (hce:, “medicine, paint, tobacco”), Nuosu ꋌ (cy) (as in ꁬꋌ (bbut cy, “medicine”)), Tangut 𗿧 (*tsə̣¹, “medicine”), Jingpho tsi (“medicine”). Compare Lhao Vo cid', Zaiwa chi and Hpon kăʃì(ʔ) (“medicine; tobacco”).

#### Noun

tʃʰɿ³⁵
* drug, medicine
* tobacco

##### Derived terms

* mi³¹ tʃʰɿ³⁵ (“gunpowder”)
* mĭ.tʃʰɿ³⁵ (“medicine, drug”)
* tʃʰɿ³¹ pa̠uʔ⁵⁵ (“to smoke”)
* tʃʰɿ³¹ ʒuŋ⁵⁵ (“hospital (calque from Jingpho)”)
* tʃʰɿ³⁵ sɿ̆.ʒa³⁵ (“doctor”)

#### See also

* sɛ⁵⁵lik⁵⁵ ("tobacco") (from Burmese)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsəj (“wash”). Cognate with Burmese ဆေး (hce:, “wash; clean”), Nuosu ꋌ (cy, “wash”), Ersu tshɛ³³ (“wash”), and possibly Old Chinese 洗 (OC *sɯːlʔ, *sɯːnʔ). Compare Lhao Vo cid', Zaiwa chi and Hpon ʃè (“wash”).

#### Verb

tʃʰɿ³⁵
* to wash

##### Derived terms

* kauŋ⁵⁵ tʃʰɿ³¹ (“to wash oneself; to bathe (lit. “to wash body”)”)
* kʰɔʔ⁵⁵ tʃʰɿ³⁵ (“to wash the dishes”)
* mjaʔ³¹ tʃʰɿ³⁵ (“to wash the face (lit. “to wash the eyes”)”)

#### See also

* jauŋ³⁵ ("beautiful; clean")
* lu̠³⁵ ("dirty")

### References

* Dai Qingxia, Jiang Ying, Kong Zhien, A Study of Pela Language (2007; Publishing House of Minority Nationalities, Beijing)
* Huang Bufan (editor), Xu Shouchun, Chen Jiaying, Wang Huiyin, A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon (1992; Central Minorities University, Beijing)
* Mangshi Jinghpo ethnicity Association of Development and Progress Studies(芒市景颇族发展进步研究学会)(ed.), Han-Zaiwa-Pela Dictionary (汉文载瓦文波拉语对译词典) (2018; Dehong Nationalities Publishing House, Mangshi)
# alingawngaw
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* aling̃aong̃ao — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

Formed with the Proto-Austronesian prefix *qali-. Compare Kapampangan alingongo.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔaliŋawˈŋaw/ [ʔɐ.lɪ.ŋaʊ̯ˈŋaʊ̯]
* Rhymes: -aw
* Syllabification: a‧li‧ngaw‧ngaw

### Noun

alingawngáw (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜒᜅᜏ᜔ᜅᜏ᜔)
* echo; reverberation
    Synonyms: alatuwat, alunignig, alituwat, antibanangaw, kugkog, haging
* noise; clamor
* (figurative) unconfirmed reports; rumors

#### Derived terms

* magpaalingawngaw
* paalingawngawin
* umalingawngaw

#### See also

* ngawngaw

### Further reading

* “alingawngaw”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*qali”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI