# कर्कट
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* কৰ্কট (Assamese script)
* ᬓᬃᬓᬝ (Balinese script)
* কর্কট (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰨𑰿𑰎𑰘 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑀭𑁆𑀓𑀝 (Brahmi script)
* ကရ်္ကဋ (Burmese script)
* કર્કટ (Gujarati script)
* ਕਰ੍ਕਟ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑌰𑍍𑌕𑌟 (Grantha script)
* ꦏꦂꦏꦛ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂩𑂹𑂍𑂗 (Kaithi script)
* ಕರ್ಕಟ (Kannada script)
* កក៌ដ (Khmer script)
* ກຣ຺ກຏ (Lao script)
* കര്കട (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᠠᡵᡬᠠᢞᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘨𑘿𑘎𑘘 (Modi script)
* ᢉᠠᠷᢉᠠᢌᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧈𑧠𑦮𑦸 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑐬𑑂𑐎𑐚 (Newa script)
* କର୍କଟ (Odia script)
* ꢒꢬ꣄ꢒꢜ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑆫𑇀𑆑𑆛 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖨𑖿𑖎𑖘 (Siddham script)
* කර්‍කට (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜𑩼 𑪙𑩜𑩦 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚤𑚶𑚊𑚔 (Takri script)
* கர்கட (Tamil script)
* కర్కట (Telugu script)
* กรฺกฏ (Thai script)
* ཀ་རྐ་ཊ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑒩𑓂𑒏𑒙 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑨫𑩇𑨋𑨔 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *karkartas, according to Pokorny, related to कर्कर (karkara, “hard”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂er- (“hard”) (see also Welsh crach (“crust”), Proto-Slavic *rakъ (“crayfish”)). Latin cancer and Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab”) could also be related, but this is uncertain.
More likely from a substrate language, and possibly cognate with Santali ᱠᱟᱴᱠᱚᱢ (kaṭkôm); however, this is uncertain, as the latter could also be from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kt₁aam. However, the Santali word is definitely not borrowed from Sanskrit; and a borrowing from Munda languages into Sanskrit is not verifiable.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /kɐɾ.kɐ.ʈɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈkɐɾ.kɐ.ʈɐ/

### Noun

कर्कट • (karkaṭa) stem, m
* crab
* (astrology) the sign Cancer
* a particular bird
* (botany) name of several plants (clarification of this definition is needed)
* the fibrous root of a plant
* the curved end of the beam of a balance (to which the strings supporting the scale are attached)
* a pair of compasses in a particular position
* a particular position of the hands
* a kind of fever
* a kind of coitus

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Tirahi: [script needed] (kaṅgarā́)
* Southern:
** Helu Prakrit:
*** Sinhalese: කකුළුවා (kakuḷuwā)
** Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)
*** Old Marathi:
**** Marathi: खेकडा (khekḍā)
* Eastern:
** Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)
*** Early Assamese: কাঙ্কৰা (kaṅkora)
**** Middle Assamese: কঁকৰা (kõkora)
***** Assamese: কেঁকোৰা (kẽküra), কাঁক্ৰা (kãkra) (Kamrupi dialect)
**** → Bodo (India): खांख्राय (kangkray)
**** → Dimasa: khangkrai
*** Middle Bengali: কাঁকড়া (kãkoṛa)
**** Bengali: কাঁকড়া (kãkṛa)
*** Kamta: কাঁকৰা (kãkora)
*** Odia: କାଂକଡ଼ା (kāṅkaṛā), କାକାଡ଼ା (kākāṛā)
*** Sylheti: ꠇꠣꠇꠠꠣ (xaxoṛa)
* Pali: kakkaṭaka
** → Khmer: កក្កដា (kakkaʼdaa)
* Central:
** Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀟 (kakkaḍa)
*** Hindustani:
**** Hindi: केकड़ (kekaṛ), केकड़ा (kekṛā)
**** Urdu: کےکَڑ (kekaṛ), کیکڑا
*** Punjabi: ਕੇਕੜਾ (kekṛā)
**** Lahnda: [script needed] (kakkaṛ)
* Western:
** Sindhi:
*** Devanagari script: केकड़ो
*** Arabic script: ڪڪڙ
* → Bengali: কর্কট (korkoṭ)
* → Dhivehi: ކަރުކަށަ (karukaṣa)
* → Telugu: కర్కటము (karkaṭamu)
* → Thai: กรกฎ (gɔɔ-rá-gòt)
* → Tibetan: ཀརྐ་ཊ (krka ṭa)
* → Burmese: ကရကဋ် (ka.ra.kat)
* → Classical Newar: कखडि
** Newar: कःलि (ka:li)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “कर्कट”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0256.
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag