# Viking
## English
### Alternative forms

* α-forms (<r>-terminal):
** Vikinger, vikinger
** Vikingir, vikingir
** Vikingr, vikingr
* β-forms (<v>-initial, [ŋ]-terminal):
** Viking, viking
* γ-forms (<w>-initial):
** Wicking, wicking
** Wiking, wiking

### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse víkingr (“Viking”). Already in Old English as wīċing and Old Frisian wītsing, but assumed extinct in Middle English and borrowed anew in the 19th century; any survivals in dialect through the Middle Ages are unknown.
Old Norse víkingr itself is from Old Norse vík (“inlet, cove, fjord”) + -ingr (“one belonging to, one who frequents”) (the -r is the nominative desinence). Thus, “one from or who frequents the sea’s inlets”.
The Old English and Anglo-Frisian form, existing since at least the eighth century, could also have been derived from or influenced by Old English wīc (“camp”), on account of the temporary encampments which were often a prominent feature of the Vikings’ raids.
Others proposals were made, like e.g. deriving víkingr from the root related to the verb víkja or deriving both English and Old Norse words to *wīkingaz related to víkja or wīc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvaɪkɪŋ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪkɪŋ

### Noun

Viking (plural Vikings)
* (historical) Scandinavian/Northern European seafarers, most familiarly raiders and pirates during the Viking age.
* (by extension, fantasy) A stock character common in the fantasy genre, namely a barbarian, generally equipped with an axe or sword and a helmet adorned with horns.
* (colloquial) A Norseman (medieval Scandinavian).
* (colloquial, humorous, mildly offensive) An ethnic Swede, Norwegian, Dane, Icelander or Faroe Islander.
* (American football) A player on the Minnesota Vikings NFL team.
* (Japan) buffet; smorgasbord

#### Derived terms

* vike (jocular verb)
* Viking Age
* Viking disease
* viking (in attributive use)
* Vikingism
* Viking ship

#### Translations
### Proper noun

Viking
* A sea area between Scotland and Norway
* A town in Alberta, Canada
* A city in Minnesota

#### References

* 1 2 3 “Viking” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [2nd Ed.; 1989]
* ↑ Eldar Heide (2005) Viking — ‘rower shifting'?

### Anagrams

* Kinvig

## Czech
### Alternative forms

* viking

### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse víkingr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɪkɪŋk]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Viking m anim
* Viking

#### Declension
## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* Wiking (dated, superseded)

### Etymology

From Old Norse víkingr. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvi.kɪŋ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Vi‧king

### Noun

Viking m (plural Vikingen)
* a Viking

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse víkingr (“Viking”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vi.kiŋ/
* Audio (Belgium):(file)

### Noun

Viking m or f by sense (plural Vikings)
* (historical) Viking

#### Derived terms

* maladie des Vikings

### Further reading

* “Viking”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse Víkingr, from víkingr (“Viking”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²viːçɪŋ/, /²viːkɪŋ/
* Homophone: viking

### Proper noun

Viking m (definite Vikingen)
* a male given name from Old Norse, meaning “Viking”

### References

* Eivind Vågslid (1988) “Viking”, in Norderlendske fyrenamn (in Norwegian Nynorsk), →ISBN

## Slovak
### Etymology

Derived from Old Norse víkingr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvikiŋɡ/

### Noun

Viking m pers (genitive singular Vikinga, nominative plural Vikingovia, genitive plural Vikingov, declension pattern of chlap)
* Viking

#### Declension
### References

* “Viking”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Swedish
### Etymology

Originally a nickname, appearing in runestones, from Old Norse víkingr (“a Viking”). Revived as a given name since 1829.

### Proper noun

Viking c (genitive Vikings)
* a male given name from Old Norse

### Anagrams

* knivig