# 紫

| 紫 | U+7D2B, &#32043; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D2B |
| ← 紪 [U+7D2A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 紬 → [U+7D2C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

紫 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜心女戈火 (YPVIF), four-corner 2190$_3$, composition ⿱此糸)

#### Derived characters

* 㗪 橴 䔝 𫄕 𨄐 𥲕 𬈶 𬎏 𬠭 𮬒

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 919, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27337
* Dae Jaweon: page 1350, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3392, character 12
* Unihan data for U+7D2B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 紫 :
| Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 些 | *saːls, *sjaːl, *seːs |
| 跐 | *ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ |
| 柴 | *zreː |
| 祡 | *zreː |
| 茈 | *zreː, *ʔseʔ, *ze |
| 眦 | *zreːs |
| 砦 | *zraːds |
| 寨 | *zraːds, *slɯːɡ |
| 啙 | *ʔseː, *zeːʔ, *ʔseʔ |
| 泚 | *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ |
| 玼 | *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ze |
| 皉 | *sʰeːʔ |
| 鮆 | *zeːʔ, *ʔse |
| 眥 | *zeːs, *zes |
| 貲 | *ʔse |
| 髭 | *ʔse |
| 頾 | *ʔse |
| 訾 | *ʔse, *ʔseʔ |
| 鴜 | *ʔse, *ze |
| 鈭 | *ʔse, *sʰe |
| 姕 | *ʔse, *sʰe, *ze |
| 觜 | *ʔse, *ʔse, *ʔseʔ |
| 紫 | *ʔseʔ |
| 訿 | *ʔseʔ |
| 呰 | *ʔseʔ |
| 嘴 | *ʔseʔ |
| 雌 | *sʰe |
| 此 | *sʰeʔ |
| 佌 | *sʰeʔ, *seʔ |
| 庛 | *sʰes |
| 疵 | *ze |
| 骴 | *ze, *zes |
| 胔 | *ze, *zes |
| 飺 | *ze |
| 齜 | *ʔsre |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔseʔ) : phonetic 此 (OC *sʰeʔ) + semantic 糸.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zǐ (zi$^3$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄗˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi$^3$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): du$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): zi$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chṳ́
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zi$^3$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zi$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): cǔ
* Eastern Min (BUC): ciē
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chí / chú / chír
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zi$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tsy
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zr$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄗˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zǐh
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^3$
*** Yale: dž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyy
*** Palladius: цзы (czy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩²¹⁴/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zi$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^2$
*** Yale: jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: du$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tu⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́
*** Hakka Romanization System: zii$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǔ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ciē
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sie³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
*** Tâi-lô: tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cie
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú
*** Tâi-lô: tsú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zuo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chír
*** Tâi-lô: tsír
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
* Xiamen, Quanzhou:
** chí - vernacular;
** chú/chír - literary.
* Middle Chinese: tsjeX
Rime :
| Character | 紫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 將此切 |
| Baxter | tsjeX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡siᴇ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siɛ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sjɛ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡siə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sie$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sǐe$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sie̯$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔseʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 紫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1712 |
| Phonetic component | 此 |
| Rime group | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 紫 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔseʔ/ |

### Definitions

紫
* purple; violet; dark pink (combination of red and blue colours)
* a surname

### Compounds

* 一紫
* 丹紫
* 乾道紫 / 干道紫
* 以紫亂朱 / 以紫乱朱
* 以紫為朱 / 以紫为朱
* 佩紫
* 佩紫懷黃 / 佩紫怀黄
* 俯拾青紫
* 借紫
* 傳龜襲紫 / 传龟袭紫
* 兼朱重紫
* 兼紫
* 北紫
* 千紅萬紫 / 千红万紫
* 吹紫
* 垂紫
* 大紅大紫 / 大红大紫 (dàhóngdàzǐ)
* 奼紫嫣紅 / 姹紫嫣红 (chàzǐyānhóng)
* 姚黃魏紫 / 姚黄魏紫 (Yáohuáng Wèizǐ)
* 嫣紅奼紫 / 嫣红姹紫
* 宮紫 / 宫紫
* 展紫
* 左紫
* 帶金佩紫 / 带金佩紫
* 惡紫奪朱 / 恶紫夺朱
* 慘紫 / 惨紫
* 懷金垂紫 / 怀金垂紫
* 懷金拖紫 / 怀金拖紫
* 懷銀紆紫 / 怀银纡紫
* 懷黃佩紫 / 怀黄佩紫
* 拖紫
* 拖紫垂青
* 拖金委紫
* 拖青紆紫 / 拖青纡紫
* 拾紫
* 拾青紫
* 掇青拾紫
* 斗紫
* 映山紫
* 朱紫
* 朱紫交競 / 朱紫交竞
* 朱紫相奪 / 朱紫相夺
* 朱紫難別 / 朱紫难别
* 杜紫微
* 東來紫氣 / 东来紫气
* 油紫
* 洋紫荊 / 洋紫荆 (yángzǐjīng)
* 清都紫府
* 清都紫微
* 潑墨紫 / 泼墨紫
* 爛紫 / 烂紫
* 爭紅鬥紫 / 争红斗紫
* 玉紫
* 玫瑰紫 (méiguizǐ)
* 珥金拖紫
* 甘紫菜
* 甲紫
* 百紫千紅 / 百紫千红
* 碧眼紫髯
* 碧眼紫鬚 / 碧眼紫须
* 福嚴紫 / 福严紫
* 萬紅千紫 / 万红千紫
* 萬紫千紅 / 万紫千红 (wànzǐqiānhóng)
* 端紫
* 紆佩金紫 / 纡佩金紫
* 紅光紫霧 / 红光紫雾 (hóng guāng zǐ wù)
* 紅得發紫 / 红得发紫
* 紆朱拖紫 / 纡朱拖紫
* 紆朱曳紫 / 纡朱曳紫
* 紅紫 / 红紫 (hóngzǐ)
* 紆紫 / 纡紫
* 紅紫亂朱 / 红紫乱朱
* 紅紫奪朱 / 红紫夺朱
* 紆金曳紫 / 纡金曳紫
* 紆青佩紫 / 纡青佩紫
* 紆青拖紫 / 纡青拖紫
* 紫丁香 (zǐdīngxiāng)
* 紫光閣 / 紫光阁
* 紫冥
* 紫叱撥 / 紫叱拨
* 紫垣
* 紫堇 (zǐjǐn)
* 紫塞
* 紫墀
* 紫壇 / 紫坛
* 紫外綫 / 紫外线 (zǐwàixiàn)
* 紫外線 / 紫外线 (zǐwàixiàn)
* 紫姑
* 紫宙
* 紫宸
* 紫宮 / 紫宫
* 紫巖 / 紫岩
* 紫府
* 紫庭
* 紫式部
* 紫微 (zǐwēi)
* 紫微令
* 紫微垣 (Zǐwēiyuán)
* 紫微宮 / 紫微宫
* 紫微斗數 (zǐwēidǒushù)
* 紫微省
* 紫微舍人
* 紫微郎
* 紫徼
* 紫房
* 紫摽
* 紫斑病
* 紫方館 / 紫方馆
* 紫明供奉
* 紫曆 / 紫历
* 紫書 / 紫书
* 紫服
* 紫朱
* 紫杉 (zǐshān)
* 紫栗
* 紫極 / 紫极
* 紫樞 / 紫枢
* 紫機 / 紫机
* 紫檀 (zǐtán)
* 紫殿
* 紫毫
* 紫氣 / 紫气
* 紫氣東來 / 紫气东来
* 紫水 (Zǐshuǐ)
* 紫水晶 (zǐshuǐjīng)
* 紫水精
* 紫泉
* 紫泥
* 紫泥封
* 紫泥書 / 紫泥书
* 紫泥海
* 紫泥詔 / 紫泥诏
* 紫河車 / 紫河车 (zǐhéchē)
* 紫海
* 紫淵 / 紫渊
* 紫清
* 紫渙 / 紫涣
* 紫漢 / 紫汉
* 紫煙 / 紫烟
* 紫燕
* 紫狐
* 紫玉
* 紫玉函
* 紫玉釵 / 紫玉钗
* 紫珠 (zǐzhū)
* 紫琳腴
* 紫瘢
* 紫的
* 紫皇 (zǐhuáng)
* 紫石
* 紫石瑛
* 紫石英 (zǐshíyīng)
* 紫砂
* 紫砂器
* 紫砂陶
* 紫磨
* 紫禁
* 紫禁城 (Zǐjìnchéng)
* 紫穹
* 紫竹 (zǐzhú)
* 紫笑
* 紫筍 / 紫笋
* 紫籜 / 紫箨
* 紫紅 / 紫红 (zǐhóng)
* 紫紱 / 紫绂
* 紫紺 / 紫绀 (zǐgàn)
* 紫綬 / 紫绶
* 紫綬金章 / 紫绶金章
* 紫縣 / 紫县
* 紫纓 / 紫缨
* 紫羅囊 / 紫罗囊
* 紫羅蘭 / 紫罗兰 (zǐluólán)
* 紫羅襴 / 紫罗襕
* 紫羔
* 紫背草
* 紫脫 / 紫脱
* 紫脹 / 紫胀
* 紫膽 / 紫胆
* 紫臺 / 紫台
* 紫舌
* 紫色 (zǐsè)
* 紫色蛙聲 / 紫色蛙声
* 紫艾
* 紫艾綬 / 紫艾绶
* 紫花 (zǐhuā)
* 紫芝
* 紫芳
* 紫芝叟
* 紫花地丁 (zǐhuādìdīng)
* 紫芝客
* 紫芝心
* 紫芳心
* 紫芳志
* 紫芝曲
* 紫芝書 / 紫芝书
* 紫芝歌
* 紫芝眉宇
* 紫芝翁
* 紫芝謠 / 紫芝谣
* 紫英
* 紫茉莉 (zǐmòlì)
* 紫荊 / 紫荆 (zǐjīng)
* 紫草 (zǐcǎo)
* 紫荆 (zǐjīng)
* 紫茸
* 紫荊山 / 紫荆山
* 紫荊花 / 紫荆花
* 紫荊關 / 紫荆关
* 紫荷
* 紫荷囊
* 紫荷橐
* 紫菂
* 紫菜 (zǐcài)
* 紫菫 / 紫堇
* 紫菀 (zǐwǎn)
* 紫菘 (Zǐsōng)
* 紫萱
* 紫葛 (zǐgé)
* 紫葳
* 紫蓋 / 紫盖
* 紫蓋黃旗 / 紫盖黄旗
* 紫薇 (zǐwēi)
* 紫薇省
* 紫薇郎
* 紫藤 (zǐténg)
* 紫藥水 / 紫药水 (zǐyàoshuǐ)
* 紫蘇 / 紫苏 (zǐsū)
* 紫蘀 / 紫萚
* 紫虛 / 紫虚
* 紫衣
* 紫衫
* 紫袍
* 紫袍玉帶 / 紫袍玉带
* 紫袍金帶 / 紫袍金带
* 紫褾
* 紫詔 / 紫诏
* 紫誥 / 紫诰
* 紫貂 (zǐdiāo)
* 紫貝 / 紫贝
* 紫軑 / 紫轪
* 紫辣子
* 紫述香
* 紫都
* 紫金 (zǐjīn)
* 紫金丹
* 紫金山 (Zǐjīnshān)
* 紫金牛
* 紫釵記 / 紫钗记
* 紫銅 / 紫铜 (zǐtóng)
* 紫錢 / 紫钱
* 紫閣 / 紫阁
* 紫闈 / 紫闱
* 紫闕 / 紫阙
* 紫闥 / 紫闼
* 紫降
* 紫陌 (zǐmò)
* 紫陌紅塵 / 紫陌红尘
* 紫陽 / 紫阳 (Zǐyáng)
* 紫陽書法 / 紫阳书法
* 紫陽書院 / 紫阳书院
* 紫陽真人 / 紫阳真人
* 紫陽花 / 紫阳花 (zǐyánghuā)
* 紫陽觀 / 紫阳观
* 紫雪 (zǐxuě)
* 紫雪丹
* 紫雲 / 紫云 (Zǐyún)
* 紫雲英 / 紫云英
* 紫雲鄉 / 紫云乡
* 紫電 / 紫电
* 紫霄
* 紫霞
* 紫青
* 紫韁 / 紫缰
* 紫風流 / 紫风流
* 紫餅 / 紫饼
* 紫駝 / 紫驼
* 紫駝尼 / 紫驼尼
* 紫駝峰 / 紫驼峰
* 紫騂 / 紫骍
* 紫騮 / 紫骝
* 紫鱉 / 紫鳖
* 紫鳳 / 紫凤
* 紫鷰 / 紫燕
* 紫鷺 / 紫鹭 (zǐlù)
* 紫鷰騮 / 紫燕骝
* 紫鸞 / 紫鸾
* 紫鹿
* 紫龜 / 紫龟
* 絳紫 / 绛紫
* 緋紫 / 绯紫
* 練紫 / 练紫
* 緹紫 / 缇紫
* 翔麟紫
* 背紫腰金
* 腰金拖紫
* 腰金紫綬 / 腰金紫绶
* 腰金衣紫
* 芥拾青紫
* 荷紫
* 葡萄紫
* 蟬紫 / 蝉紫
* 血紫
* 衣紫腰金
* 衣紫腰銀 / 衣紫腰银
* 衣紫腰黃 / 衣紫腰黄
* 被朱佩紫
* 被朱紫
* 豔紫妖紅 / 艳紫妖红
* 賜紫 / 赐紫
* 賜紫櫻桃 / 赐紫樱桃
* 赤紫
* 迎紫姑
* 鄒纓齊紫 / 邹缨齐紫
* 酣紫
* 醬紫 / 酱紫 (jiàngzǐ)
* 釅紫 / 酽紫
* 重金兼紫
* 金印紫綬 / 金印紫绶
* 金紫
* 金章紫綬 / 金章紫绶
* 阿紫
* 陳家紫 / 陈家紫
* 陳紫 / 陈紫
* 露紅煙紫 / 露红烟紫
* 青牛紫氣 / 青牛紫气
* 青紫 (qīngzǐ)
* 順聖紫 / 顺圣紫
* 魏紫
* 魏紫姚黃 / 魏紫姚黄
* 鮮紫 / 鲜紫
* 麗紫 / 丽紫
* 黃旗紫蓋 / 黄旗紫盖
* 黃紫 / 黄紫
* 黃閣紫樞 / 黄阁紫枢
* 黃麻紫書 / 黄麻紫书
* 黃麻紫泥 / 黄麻紫泥
* 黑紫
* 鼻青眼紫
* 齊紫 / 齐紫
* 龍膽紫 / 龙胆紫
* 龜紫 / 龟紫

### References

* “紫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
* Kun: むらさき (murasaki, 紫, Jōyō)
* Nanori: あかね (akane)、しおり (shiori)、さい (sai)、ゆかり (yukari)

#### Compounds

* 紫(し)衣(い) (shī)
* 紫(し)雲(うん) (shiun)
* 紫(し)雲(うん)英(えい) (shiun'ei)
* 紫(し)衣(え) (shie)
* 紫(し)煙(えん) (shien)
* 紫(し)苑(おん) (shion), 紫(し)苑(おに) (shioni)
* 紫(し)外(がい)光(こう) (shigaikō)
* 紫(し)外(がい)線(せん) (shigaisen, “ultraviolet rays”)
* 紫(し)根(こん), 紫(し)紺(こん) (shikon)
* 紫(し)蘇(そ) (shiso)
* 紫(し)檀(たん) (shitan)
* 紫(し)竹(ちく) (shichiku)
* 紫(し)電(でん) (shiden)
* 紫(し)斑(はん) (shihan)
* 紫(し)陽(よう)花(か) (shiyōka)
* 紅(こう)紫(し) (kōshi)
* 青(せい)紫(し) (seishi)
* 滅(めっ)紫(し) (messhi)
* 紫陽花(アジサイ) (ajisai)
* 紫雲英(ゲンゲ) (genge)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 紫
* むらさき Grade: S
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese.
Possibly a compound of 群 (mura, “gathering, group”) +‎ 咲き (saki, “blooming”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 咲く (saku), “to bloom”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) むらさき [mùráꜜsàkì] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [mɯ̟ɾa̠sa̠kʲi]
* (Kyoto) むら​さき [mùráꜜsàkì] (Teiki)

#### Noun

紫(むらさき) or 紫(ムラサキ) • (murasaki)
* the purple or red-root gromwell, Lithospermum erythrorhizon
    Synonym: 紫草 (murasakisō)
** 905–914, Kokin Wakashū (book 17, poem 867)
    紫(むらさき)のひともと故(ゆゑ)に武(む)蔵(さし)野(の)の草(くさ)はみながらあはれとぞ見(み)る
       murasaki no hitomoto yue ni Musashino no kusa wa minagara aware to zo miru
       Because of one shoot of murasaki grass, I feel fondness for all the plants and grasses on the plain of Musashino.
* the root of the murasaki used as a natural dye
* Short for 紫色 (murasaki-iro): the color purple
* (colloquial, from its purplish color) Synonym of 醤油 (shōyu): soy sauce
* (colloquial) a woman
* (archaic women's speech) Synonym of 鰯 (iwashi): a sardine, especially the Japanese pilchard, Sardinops sagax
* (historical, from being allowed to wear purple clothing) Synonym of 検校 (kengyō): the highest ranked blind court official

##### Usage notes

* As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ムラサキ.

##### Coordinate terms

Colors in Japanese · 色(いろ) (iro) (layout · text) :
| 白(しろ) (shiro) | 灰(はい)色(いろ) (haiiro), 鼠(ねずみ)色(いろ) (nezumiiro) (dated) | 黒(くろ) (kuro) |
| 赤(あか) (aka); 深(しん)紅(く) (shinku), クリムゾン (kurimuzon), 紅(べに)色(いろ) (beniiro), 紅(くれない)色(いろ) (kurenaiiro), 茜(あかね)色(いろ) (akaneiro) | 橙(だいだい)色(いろ) (daidaiiro), オレンジ (orenji); 茶(ちゃ)色(いろ) (chairo), 褐(かっ)色(しょく) (kasshoku) | 黄(き)色(いろ) (kiiro); クリーム色(いろ) (kurīmuiro) |
| 黄(き)緑(みどり) (kimidori) | 緑(みどり) (midori), 青(あお) (ao) (dated) | 若(わか)緑(みどり) (wakamidori) |
| 水(みず)色(いろ) (mizuiro), シアン (shian); 鴨(かも)の(の)羽(はね)色(いろ) (kamo no hane iro) | 空(そら)色(いろ) (sorairo), 縹(はなだ) (hanada); 青(あお) (ao) | 紺(こん)藍(あい) (kon'ai); 紺(こん) (kon) |
| 菫(すみれ)色(いろ) (sumireiro); 藍(あい)色(いろ) (aiiro), インジゴ (injigo) | 赤(あか)紫(むらさき) (akamurasaki), マゼンタ (mazenta); 紫(むらさき) (murasaki) | 桃(もも)色(いろ) (momoiro), ピンク (pinku) |

##### Derived terms

* 紫(むらさき)の (murasaki no, pillow word)
* 紫(むらさき)色(いろ) (murasaki-iro)
* 紫(むらさき)式(しき)部(ぶ) (Murasaki Shikibu)
* 紫(むらさき)草(そう) (murasakisō)
* 紫(むらさき)野(の) (murasakino)
* 青(あお)紫(むらさき) (aomurasaki)
* 赤(あか)紫(むらさき) (akamurasaki)
* 浅(あさ)紫(むらさき) (asamurasaki)
* 今(いま)紫(むらさき) (ima murasaki)
* 薄(うす)紫(むらさき) (usumurasaki)
* 内(うち)紫(むらさき) (uchimurasaki)
* 江戸紫(えどむらさき) (Edo murasaki)
* 大(オオ)紫(ムラサキ) (ōmurasaki)
* 京(きょう)紫(むらさき) (kyō-murasaki)
* 滅(けし)紫(むらさき) (keshimurasaki)
* 小(こ)紫(むらさき) (komurasaki)
* 濃(こ)紫(むらさき) (komurasaki)
* 古(こ)代(だい)紫(むらさき) (kodai murasaki)
* 蔓(ツル)紫(ムラサキ) (tsurumurasaki)
* 深(ふか)紫(むらさき) (fukamurasaki)
* 藤(ふじ)紫(むらさき) (fujimurasaki)
* 藪(ヤブ)紫(ムラサキ) (yabumurasaki)
* 若(わか)紫(むらさき) (wakamurasaki)

##### See also

* 茜(あかね)さす (akane sasu, pillow word that can be an allusion to murasaki)

#### Proper noun

紫(むらさき) • (Murasaki)
* (historical, colloquial, from 江戸紫 (Edo murasaki, “royal purple”), where the dye is traditionally made in) Edo, the de facto capital of the Tokugawa shogunate
* (colloquial) Short for 紫式部 (Murasaki Shikibu): Heian-period novelist and lady-in-waiting
* (colloquial, by extension) Synonym of 源氏物語 (Genji Monogatari): The Tale of Genji
* a female given name
* a surname

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 紫
* し Grade: S
* on'yomi
/si/ → /ɕi/
From Middle Chinese 紫 (MC tsjeX).
Also used in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE) as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨si⟩.

#### Affix

紫(し) • (shi)
* purple

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 紫
* ゆかり Grade: S
* nanori
From 縁 (yukari, “affinity, connection”).

#### Proper noun

紫(ゆかり) • (Yukari)
* a female given name

### References

* ↑ “ムラサキ／紫／むらさき”, in 語源由来辞典 (Gogen Yurai Jiten, “Etymology Derivation Dictionary”) (in Japanese), 2003–2025.
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 “むらさき 【紫】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
* ↑ H. Mack Horton (2002) Song in an Age of Discord: 'The Journal of Sōchō' and Poetic Life in Late Medieval Japan, illustrated edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 333

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕa̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [자]

### Hanja

Wikisource 紫 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Okinawan
### Etymology

Related to Japanese 紫 (murasaki, “purple”)

### Noun

紫(むらさち) (murasachi)
* the color purple

## Old Japanese
### Etymology

Possibly a compound of 群 (mura, “gathering, group”) +‎ 咲き (saki$_1$, “blooming”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 咲く (saku), “to bloom”). (Can this etymology be sourced?)

### Noun

紫 (murasaki$_1$) (kana むらさき)
* the purple or red-root gromwell, Lithospermum erythrorhizon
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3500:, text here
    牟良佐伎波根乎可母乎布流比等乃兒能宇良我奈之家乎祢乎遠敝奈久尓murasaki$_1$ pa ne wo ka mo wopuru pi$_1$to$_2$ no$_2$ ko$_1$ no$_2$ ura-ganasike$_1$ wo ne wo wope$_1$naku ni(please add an English translation of this usage example)
* the color purple
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 12, poem 2976:, text here
    紫我下紐乃色尓不出戀可毛将痩相因乎無見murasaki$_1$ no$_2$ waga sitabi$_1$mo no$_2$ iro$_2$ ni idezu ko$_1$pi$_2$ ka mo yasemu apu yo$_2$si wo nami$_1$(please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Derived terms

* 紫の (murasaki$_1$ no$_2$, pillow word)
* 紫野 (murasaki$_1$no$_1$)

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 紫 (むらさき, murasaki)

#### See also

* 茜さす (akane sasu, pillow word that can be an allusion to murasaki$_1$)

## Vietnamese
### Chữ Hán

紫: Hán Việt readings: tử, tía
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation