# 燕

| 燕 | U+71D5, &#29141; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-71D5 |
| ← 燔 [U+71D4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 燖 → [U+71D6] |

## Translingual
### Han character

燕 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿中心火 (TLPF), four-corner 4433$_1$, composition ⿳廿⿴北口灬)

#### Derived characters

* 嚥 嬿 曣 臙 觾 讌(䜩) 醼 驠 酀 䴏 㬫 𭗬 𭣅 𫿲 𣟛 𤃇 𤒈 𤫇 𥍂 𥗕 𥽫 𧔦 𨇟 𨯧 𨽞 𮩘 𩽒 𫋩 𮨤 𥷀 𡤈 𪈏 𤓨

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 683, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19429
* Dae Jaweon: page 1095, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2239, character 6
* Unihan data for U+71D5

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 燕 :
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 燕 | *qeːn, *qeːns |
| 驠 | *qeːn, *qeːns |
| 嬿 | *qeːnʔ, *qeːns |
| 鷰 | *qeːns |
| 醼 | *qeːns |
| 讌 | *qeːns |
| 嚥 | *qeːns |
| 酀 | *qeːns |
Pictogram (象形) – a swallow.

### Etymology 1

Possibly related to 鳦 (OC *qriːd, *qrid) (Wang, 1982). Some have connected it with 咽 (OC *qiːns, “to swallow”), but it is unlikely to be related (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yàn (yan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jin$^3$ / jin$^{3-2}$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yen$^4$ / yen$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ien$^3$ / ien$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yen / yan
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yan$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ie$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): i̿ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): iéng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ìⁿ / iàn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): in$^3$ / iang$^3$ / iêng$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$i
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): ienn$^4$
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): ien$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
*** Wade–Giles: yen$^4$
*** Yale: yàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
*** Palladius: янь (janʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jin$^3$ / jin$^{3-2}$
*** Yale: yin / yín
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jin$^3$ / jin$^{3-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yin$^3$ / yin$^{3-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːn³³/, /jiːn³³⁻³⁵/
* jin3 - “swallow”;
* jin3-2 - “shuttlecock”.
* Middle Chinese: 'enH
Rime :
| Character | 燕 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 於甸切 |
| Baxter | 'enH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔen$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔen$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɛn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɛn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔen$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ien$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔien$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jin$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤe[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qeːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 燕 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔen$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔˁe[n]-s/ |
| English | swallow (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 燕 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 14443 |
| Phonetic component | 燕 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 宴 |
| Old Chinese | /*qeːns/ |

#### Definitions

燕
* swallow (family Hirundinidae) or swift (family Apodidae)
* (dialectal) shuttlecock used in jianzi
    Alternative form: 毽

##### Usage notes

To distinguish the two families of birds, swifts are also called 雨燕 (yǔyàn).

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 燕, 玄鳥 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 燕子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 小燕兒, 燕子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 燕子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 燕子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 燕子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 燕子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 燕兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 燕子, 小燕兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 燕兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 燕子, 小燕子, 燕兒, 小燕兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 小燕兒, 小燕子, 燕子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 燕雞子, 燕雞兒, 燕雞雞 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 燕嘰子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 燕雞子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 燕子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 燕子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 燕子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 燕子, 燕子鳥 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 燕子, 小燕子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 燕子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 燕子, 小燕子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 燕仔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 燕子仔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 燕仔 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 燕仔 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 燕子, 燕雀 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 燕子 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 燕子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 燕兒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 燕子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 燕 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 燕子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 燕 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 燕仔, 燕 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 燕 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 燕仔 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 燕 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 燕子, 小燕兒, 燕兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 燕兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 燕仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 燕, 燕鳥 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 燕仔鳥 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 烏燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 燕仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 燕鳥 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 燕鳥, 燕 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 燕子 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 燕鳥 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 燕鳥 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 燕鳥 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 燕鳥 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 燕鳥 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 燕鳥 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 燕鳥 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 燕鳥 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 燕鳥 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 燕鳥 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 燕鳥 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 燕子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 燕子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 燕子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 燕子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 燕子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 燕子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 燕子 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 燕兒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 燕, 子燕 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 燕子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 燕子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 燕子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 燕子 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 毽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 毽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 毽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 毽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 毽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 毽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 毽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 毽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 毽子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 毽子, 毽球兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 翹兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 毽兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 毽兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 毽兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 毽子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 毽兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 毽兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 毽兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 毽兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 毽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 雞毛毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 毽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 毽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 毽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 毛毽兒, 毽子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 毽子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 毽子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 毽子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 毽子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 毽子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 毽兒, 雞毛毽兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 毽兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 毽兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 毽兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 毽兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 毽垛, 毽兜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 毽子, 毽兜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 毽, 毽兜兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 毽, 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 雞毛毽兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 燕子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 毽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 燕兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 毽兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 毽子, 毽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 毽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 毽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 毽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 毽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 毽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 毽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 毽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 毽 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 皮燕 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 雞毛燕 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 雞毛燕 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 雞毛燕 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 燕子 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 燕 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 燕 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 燕子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 燕兒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 燕坨 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 燕 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 燕仔 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 燕 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 雞毛燕 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 燕子 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 毽 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 毽 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 毽子 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Jin | Datong | 毛兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 毛兒 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 毽毽 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 毽子 |
| Jin | Linhe | 毛兒毽子 |
| Jin | Jining | 毽子 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 毽子 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 毽子 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 毽子, 毽兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 毽子 |
| Jin | Handan | 毽子 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 毽兒 |
| Jin | Suide | 毽子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 球 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 毽 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 毽 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 毽子 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 毽 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 毽子 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 燕 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 燕子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 毽子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 毽子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 毽子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 毽子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 毽子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 燕子 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 毽子 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 毽兒, 球 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 燕子, 毽子 |

#### Compounds

* 五雀六燕
* 伯勞飛燕 / 伯劳飞燕
* 兔絲燕麥 / 兔丝燕麦
* 勞燕分飛 / 劳燕分飞 (láoyànfēnfēi)
* 土燕
* 堂間處燕 / 堂间处燕
* 夜燕
* 官燕
* 家燕 (jiāyàn)
* 幕上燕巢
* 幕燕鼎魚 / 幕燕鼎鱼
* 平山冷燕
* 怡堂燕雀
* 新婚燕爾 / 新婚燕尔
* 歌鶯舞燕 / 歌莺舞燕
* 毛燕
* 池魚堂燕 / 池鱼堂燕
* 海燕 (hǎiyàn)
* 溫鰲妝燕 / 温鳌妆燕
* 燕丸
* 燕侶 / 燕侣
* 燕侶鶯儔 / 燕侣莺俦
* 燕儔鶯侶 / 燕俦莺侣
* 燕入他家
* 燕几
* 燕出
* 燕剪
* 燕勞 / 燕劳
* 燕啄皇孫 / 燕啄皇孙
* 燕喜
* 燕坐
* 燕女
* 燕好
* 燕妒鶯慚 / 燕妒莺惭
* 燕婉
* 燕子 (yànzi)
* 燕子樓 / 燕子楼
* 燕子磯 / 燕子矶
* 燕子箋 / 燕子笺
* 燕子銜食 / 燕子衔食
* 燕安
* 燕安鴆毒 / 燕安鸩毒
* 燕尾 (yànwěi)
* 燕尾服 (yànwěifú)
* 燕居
* 燕巢 (yàncháo)
* 燕巢幕上
* 燕巢於幕 / 燕巢于幕
* 燕朋
* 燕服
* 燕樂 / 燕乐 (yànyuè)
* 燕樂考源 / 燕乐考源
* 燕毛
* 燕燕
* 燕燕于飛
* 燕爾 / 燕尔
* 燕爾新婚 / 燕尔新婚
* 燕瘦環肥 / 燕瘦环肥
* 燕皮 (yànpí)
* 燕禮 / 燕礼
* 燕私
* 燕窩 / 燕窝 (yànwō)
* 燕約鶯期 / 燕约莺期
* 燕翼
* 燕翼詒謀 / 燕翼诒谋
* 燕舞鶯啼 / 燕舞莺啼
* 燕菜 (yàncài)
* 燕衎
* 燕語 / 燕语
* 燕語鶯呼 / 燕语莺呼
* 燕語鶯啼 / 燕语莺啼
* 燕語鶯聲 / 燕语莺声
* 燕賀 / 燕贺
* 燕足繫書 / 燕足系书
* 燕足繫詩 / 燕足系诗
* 燕遊 / 燕游
* 燕鑒 / 燕鉴
* 燕雀 (yànquè)
* 燕雀伍
* 燕雀相賀 / 燕雀相贺
* 燕雀處堂 / 燕雀处堂
* 燕雀處屋 / 燕雀处屋
* 燕雁代飛 / 燕雁代飞
* 燕頷虎頸 / 燕颔虎颈
* 燕頷虎頭 / 燕颔虎头
* 燕頷虎鬚 / 燕颔虎须 (yànhànhǔxū)
* 燕飲 / 燕饮
* 燕鴴 / 燕鸻
* 燕鷗 / 燕鸥
* 燕麥 / 燕麦 (yànmài)
* 燕麥片 / 燕麦片 (yànmàipiàn)
* 玉燕投懷 / 玉燕投怀
* 環肥燕瘦 / 环肥燕瘦
* 白腰雨燕
* 石燕
* 紫燕
* 舊燕歸巢 / 旧燕归巢
* 舞燕歌鶯 / 舞燕歌莺
* 虎頭燕頷 / 虎头燕颔
* 蠶頭燕尾 / 蚕头燕尾
* 貽燕 / 贻燕
* 踏燕奔馬 / 踏燕奔马
* 踹燕 (chuàiyàn)
* 身輕如燕 / 身轻如燕 (shēnqīngrúyàn)
* 酺燕
* 金絲燕 / 金丝燕
* 釜魚幕燕 / 釜鱼幕燕
* 閒燕 / 闲燕
* 雛燕 / 雏燕
* 雙飛燕 / 双飞燕
* 雨燕 (yǔyàn)
* 飛燕 / 飞燕 (fēiyàn)
* 飛燕外傳 / 飞燕外传
* 飛燕游龍 / 飞燕游龙
* 鵜燕 / 鹈燕 (tíyàn)
* 鶯儔燕侶 / 莺俦燕侣
* 鶯啼燕語 / 莺啼燕语
* 鶯歌燕舞 / 莺歌燕舞 (yīnggēyànwǔ)
* 鶯燕 / 莺燕
* 鶯聲燕語 / 莺声燕语
* 鶯鶯燕燕 / 莺莺燕燕
* 鷹抓燕雀 / 鹰抓燕雀

#### Descendants

* → Proto-Tai: *ʔeːnᴮ
** Proto-Southwestern Tai: *ʔɛːnᴮ

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Yān (Yan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jin$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yen / yan
* Eastern Min (BUC): iĕng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ian
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iang$^1$ / iêng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Yān
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Yan
*** Wade–Giles: Yen$^1$
*** Yale: Yān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ian
*** Palladius: Янь (Janʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jin$^1$
*** Yale: yīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yen
*** Hakka Romanization System: ien
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯en⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yan
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: iĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /ieŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ian
*** Tâi-lô: ian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iefn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɛn³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɛn⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iang$^1$ / iêng$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iang / ieng
*** Sinological IPA : /iaŋ³³/, /ieŋ³³/
* iang1 - Shantou;
* iêng3 - Chaozhou.
* Middle Chinese: 'en
Rime :
| Character | 燕 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 烏前切 |
| Baxter | 'en |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔen/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔen/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɛn/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔen/ |
| Wang Li | /ien/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jin$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qeːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 燕 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 14440 |
| Phonetic component | 燕 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 煙 |
| Old Chinese | /*qeːn/ |

#### Definitions

燕
* (historical) Yan, an ancient march, duchy, and kingdom of northeastern China during the Zhou dynasty
* (historical) the four Yan kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms
* northern Hebei
    From: 8th century, Li Bai, 春思
    Yān cǎo rú bì sī, Qín sāng dī lǜ zhī. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 前燕 (Qiányān)
* 北燕 (Běiyān)
* 南燕 (Nányān)
* 後燕 / 后燕 (Hòuyān)
* 燕丹
* 燕九節 / 燕九节
* 燕京 (Yānjīng, “Beijing”)
* 燕國 / 燕国 (Yānguó, “State of Yan”)
* 燕太子丹
* 燕姞夢蘭 / 燕姞梦兰
* 燕山 (Yānshān)
* 燕市酒人
* 燕支
* 燕支山
* 燕昭築臺 / 燕昭筑台
* 燕然山
* 燕玉
* 燕石為玉 / 燕石为玉
* 燕脂
* 燕臺 / 燕台
* 燕說 / 燕说
* 燕雲十六州 / 燕云十六州 (Yān-Yún-Shíliùzhōu)
* 西燕
* 郢書燕說 / 郢书燕说

#### Descendants

* → English: Yan, Yen

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yàn (yan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jin$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
*** Wade–Giles: yen$^4$
*** Yale: yàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
*** Palladius: янь (janʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jin$^3$
*** Yale: yin
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jin$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yin$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːn³³/
* Middle Chinese: 'enH
Rime :
| Character | 燕 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 於甸切 |
| Baxter | 'enH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔen$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔen$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔɛn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɛn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔen$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ien$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔien$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jin$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤe[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qeːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 燕 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔen$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔˁe[n]-s/ |
| English | feast |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 燕 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 14443 |
| Phonetic component | 燕 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 宴 |
| Old Chinese | /*qeːns/ |

#### Definitions

燕
* (obsolete) Alternative form of 宴 (yàn, “to feast”)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* swallow

#### Readings

* Go-on: えん (en)
* Kan-on: えん (en)
* Kun: つばめ (tsubame, 燕)、さかもり (sakamori, 燕)、くつろぐ (kutsurogu, 燕ぐ)、つばくら (tsubakura, 燕)、つばくろ (tsubakuro, 燕)、つばくらめ (tsubakurame, 燕)
* Nanori: やすし (yasushi)

#### Compounds

* 燕泥(えんでい) (endei)
* 燕麦(エンバク) (enbaku)
* 燕尾(えんび) (enbi)
* 海燕(かいえん) (kaien)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 燕
* つばくらめ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つばくらめ [tsùbákúꜜràmè] (Nakadaka – [3])
* (Tokyo) つばくらめ [tsùbákúráꜜmè] (Nakadaka – [4])
* IPA: [t͡sɨba̠kɯ̟ɾa̠me̞]

#### Noun

燕(つばくらめ) • (tsubakurame)
* a swallow (bird)
** c. 890: Taketori Monogatari (page 11)
    石上(いそのかみ)の(の)中納言(ちゅうなごん)には、燕(つばくらめ)の持(も)たる子安(こやす)のかい、ひとつ取(と)りて賜(たま)へ
       Isonokami no chūnagon niwa, tsubakurame no motaru koyasu nokai, hitotsu torite tamahe
       To the Isonokami Counselor [she said] please obtain a cowrie shell which is possessed by a swallow.
** 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 7, page 29:是我邦所謂豆波久良米也This is what is called a swallow in my country

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 燕
* つばめ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
Wikispecies

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つばめ [tsùbámé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡sɨba̠me̞]

#### Noun

燕(つばめ) or 燕(ツバメ) • (tsubame)
* a barn swallow

##### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ツバメ.

##### Derived terms

* 燕鰶(ツバメコノシロ) (tsubame-konoshiro)
* 雨(アマ)燕(ツバメ) (ama-tsubame)
* 海燕(うみつばめ) (umi-tsubame)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 燕
* つばめ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* (Tōkyō) つばめ [tsúꜜbàmè] (Atamadaka – [1])
* (Tsubame) つばめ [tsùbáꜜmè] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [t͡sɨba̠me̞]

#### Proper noun

燕(つばめ) • (Tsubame)
* Tsubame (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)

### References

* Horiuchi, Hideaki with Ken Akiyama (1997) Taketori Monogatari, Ise Monogatari, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
* Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.
* “燕”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

燕 (eum 연 (yeon))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

燕: Hán Nôm readings: yến, én, yên, nhạn, hiên
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.