# 泔

| 泔 | U+6CD4, &#27860; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CD4 |
| ← 泓 [U+6CD3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 法 → [U+6CD5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

泔 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水廿一 (ETM), four-corner 3417$_0$, composition ⿰氵甘)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 616, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17289
* Dae Jaweon: page 1010, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1580, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6CD4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泔 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 紺 | *kɯːms |
| 姏 | *mɡaːm |
| 嵌 | *sɡaːmʔ, *kʰraːm |
| 甘 | *kaːm |
| 柑 | *kaːm |
| 苷 | *kaːm |
| 泔 | *kaːm |
| 坩 | *kaːm, *kʰaːm |
| 蚶 | *ɢaːm, *ɢaːm |
| 酣 | *ɢaːm |
| 甝 | *ɢaːm |
| 魽 | *ɢaːm |
| 邯 | *ɡaːm, *ɡaːm |
| 鉗 | *ɡram |
| 箝 | *ɡram |
| 黚 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 拑 | *ɡram |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaːm) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gān (gan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gam$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kâm
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gam$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): gan$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): găng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kam
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gam$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$koe
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gān
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gan
*** Wade–Giles: kan$^1$
*** Yale: gān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
*** Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gam$^1$
*** Yale: gām
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gem$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐm⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâm
*** Hakka Romanization System: gam$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gam$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kam²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gam$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kam⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: gan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /kæ̃¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: găng
*** Sinological IPA : /kaŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kam
*** Tâi-lô: kam
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kafm
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kam⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kam³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kam⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gam$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kam
*** Sinological IPA : /kam³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$koe
*** MiniDict: koe$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$koe
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kø⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: gan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kan³³/
* Middle Chinese: kam
Rime :
| Character | 泔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古三切 |
| Baxter | kam |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kam/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑm/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gam$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 泔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3655 |
| Phonetic component | 甘 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甘 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːm/ |

#### Definitions

泔
* water from washing rice; kitchen slops

#### Compounds

* 泔水 (gānshuǐ)
* 泔水桶
* 泔腳 / 泔脚 (gānjiǎo)
* 泔魚 / 泔鱼
* 淅二泔
* 溫泔清 / 温泔清
* 潘泔 (pāngān)
* 米泔
* 米泔水 (mǐgānshuǐ)

#### Descendants

* → Proto-Vietic: *kəːm (“cooked rice”)
** Vietnamese: cơm

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Eastern Min (BUC): āng
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ám
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: āng
*** Sinological IPA : /aŋ³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ám
*** Tâi-lô: ám
*** Phofsit Daibuun: arm
*** IPA (Xiamen): /am⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /am⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /am⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /am⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /am⁴¹/

#### Definitions

泔
* (Eastern Min, Hokkien) Alternative form of 飲 / 饮 (“rice water”)
* (Hokkien) Alternative form of 飲 / 饮 (“sticky and watery”)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hàn, gān (han$^4$, gan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ, ㄍㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hàn
*** Wade–Giles: han$^4$
*** Yale: hàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hann
*** Palladius: хань (xanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xän⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gān
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gan
*** Wade–Giles: kan$^1$
*** Yale: gān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
*** Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kän⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

泔
* Only used in 泔淡.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かん (kan)、ごん (gon)

## Korean
### Hanja

泔 (eum 검 (geom))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

泔: Hán Nôm readings: cam
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation