# զկեռ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* զըկէ՛ռնը (zəkḗṙnə) — Agulis, dialectological notation
* զըկըէռ (zəkəēṙ), զըկըռ (zəkəṙ) — Goris, Karabakh, dialectological notation
* զկիր (zkir) — Tbilisi, dialectological notation
* զղէր (zġēr) — Khotorjur, dialectological notation
* զղիռ (zġiṙ) — Hamshen, dialectological notation

### Etymology

From Middle Armenian զկեռ (zkeṙ).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /zəˈker/, [zəkér]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /zəˈɡeɾ/, [zəɡéɾ]

### Noun

զկեռ • (zkeṙ)
* medlar (fruit and tree)
    Synonym: (dialectal) մուշմուլա (mušmula)
** ca. 1680–1684, Baṙ girg taliani [An Armenian–Italian Dictionary published in Venice] page 19:զկեռ․ նէսփօլէzkeṙ; nēspʻōlēզկեռ (zkeṙ) = nespole

#### Derived terms

* զկեռաջուր (zkeṙaǰur)
* զկեռենի (zkeṙeni)
* զկեռթթու (zkeṙtʻtʻu)
* զկեռի (zkeṙi)
* զկեռմածուն (zkeṙmacun)
* զկեռուտ (zkeṙut)
* զղրենի (zġreni)

### References

* ↑ Orengo, Alessandro (2019) “Il ԲԱՌ ԳԻՐԳ ՏԱԼԻԱՆԻ Un dizionario armeno-italiano del XVII secolo”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, page 222

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “զկեռ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 98b

## Middle Armenian
### Alternative forms

* ըզկեռ (əzkeṙ), սգեռ (sgeṙ), սկեռ (skeṙ), զղեռ (zġeṙ), զղեար (zġear)

### Etymology

The origin is unknown. Possibly connected with the synonymous words in West Asian languages: Arabic زُعْرُور (zuʕrūr) or زَعْرُور (zaʕrūr); Georgian ზღმარტლი (zɣmarṭli) and its Kartvelian cognates; Persian ازگیل (azgil)

### Noun

զկեռ • (zkeṙ)
* medlar (fruit and tree)
** 14th century, Grigor Tatʻewacʻi, Girkʻ kʻarozutʻean or kočʻi Jmeṙan hator [Sermons, Winter Part] 84:Երկրորդ՝ զի պըտուղք փշոցն կապեն զփորն․ որպէս սինծն եւ զըկեռն […] Erkrord, zi pətuġkʻ pʻšocʻn kapen zpʻorn; orpēs sincn ew zəkeṙn […]
** 6th–12th? centuries, Baṙkʻ Gałianosi [The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen] :սնիք = զկեռն (var. ղկեռն)։snikʻ = zkeṙn (var. łkeṙn).إِسْكِدُنْيَا (ʔiskidunyā) (?) = zkeṙ
** 6th–12th? centuries, Baṙkʻ Gałianosi [The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen] :մեսպելոն (vars. մեսփեղոն, մեսպեղոն, մեապեղոն) = սգեռ (var. ագեռ)։mespelon (vars. mespʻełon, mespełon, meapełon) = sgeṙ (var. ageṙ).μέσπιλον (méspilon) = sgeṙ

#### Descendants

* Armenian: զկեռ (zkeṙ)

### References

* ↑ Greppin, John A. C. (1985) Baṙkʿ Gaɫianosi: The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen‎, Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, page 142
* ↑ Greppin, John A. C. (1985) Baṙkʿ Gaɫianosi: The Greek–Armenian Dictionary to Galen‎, Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, page 76

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “զկեռ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 98b
* Ališan, Ġewond (1895) “զղեար. զկեռ. զկռի”, in Haybusak kam haykakan busabaṙutʻiwn [Armenian Botany] (in Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, § 712, page 171
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “զկեռ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 737b
* Bläsing, Uwe (2019) “Die armenischen Pflanzennamen in Peter Simon Pallas’ Flora Rossica. Eine Studie zu Etymologie und sprachlicher Interaktion”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15) (in German), Leuven: Peeters, pages 20–21
* Marr, N. (1915) “Яфетические названия деревьев и растений (Pluralia tantum). II [Japhetic names of trees and plants (Pluralia tantum). II]”, in Известия Российской Академии Наук. VI серия‎ (in Russian), volume 9, number 9, pages 827–828
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “զկեռ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 186a