# ընկոյզ
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* ընգոյզ (əngoyz), անկոյզ (ankoyz)

### Etymology

Cognates are found in many languages of Western and Central Asia: compare Ossetian ӕнгу́з (ængúz), ӕнгозӕ (ængozæ), Georgian ნიგოზი (nigozi), Mingrelian ნეძი (neʒi), ნეზი (nezi), Lomavren aŋkor (Caucasus), անքոտ (ankʻot) (Eğin), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwc /⁠gōz⁠/), Classical Persian گوز (gōz), Northern Kurdish gûz, goz, gwîz, Central Kurdish گوێز (gwêz), Mazanderani آغوز (āγōz, ăγōz), Shughni ғу̊з (ɣū̊z), Sarikoli γewz, Yidgha [script needed] (oγúzo), Middle Armenian ղոյզ (ġoyz), Aramaic גּוֹזָא (gōzā), Classical Syriac ܓܘܙܐ (gawzā), Arabic جَوْز (jawz), Hebrew אֱגוֹז (ʾĕḡôz), Punic *𐤀𐤂𐤆 (*ʾgz /⁠ʾəgūz⁠/), Chagatai قوز (qoz).
Probably all ultimately from Old Iranian *gauza- (“nut”), with the preverbs *han-, *aH- and *ni-, from the root Proto-Iranian *gauz- (“to hide, conceal”) (compare Sanskrit गूहति (gū́hati)), referring to the fact that the edible nut is enclosed in a green outer fruit wall.
Compare also ողկոյզ (ołkoyz) and կոյզ (koyz).

### Noun

ընկոյզ • (ənkoyz)
* walnut (nut of the walnut tree)
** 5th century, Bible, Genesis 43.11:Ասէ ցնոսա Իսրայէլ հայրն իւրեանց․ Այդպէս իցէ, արարէք զայդ․ առէք ի պտղոյ երկրիս յամանս ձեր, եւ տարայք առնն պատարագս, ռետին եւ մեղր եւ խունկս եւ ստաշխն եւ բեւեկն եւ ընկոյզ։Asē cʻnosa Israyēl hayrn iwreancʻ; Aydpēs icʻē, ararēkʻ zayd; aṙēkʻ i ptłoy erkris yamans jer, ew taraykʻ aṙnn patarags, ṙetin ew mełr ew xunks ew stašxn ew bewekn ew ənkoyz.Translation by Brenton Septuagint TranslationAnd Israel, their father, said to them, If it be so, do this; take of the fruits of the earth in your vessels, and carry down to the man presents of gum and honey, and frankincense, and stacte, and turpentine, and walnuts.
** 5th century, Agatʻangełos, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ [History of the Armenians] 644:Սոյնպէս կիտրոնն եւ ապաբաղսամոնն եւ դափնին եւ ձիթենին գեղեցիկ եւ սերկեւիլն եւ մուրտն եւ ընկոյզն եւ նուշն եւ քնարուկն եւ հաճարուկն եւ թութն եւ նուռնն եւ հոյնն:Soynpēs kitronn ew apabałsamonn ew dapʻnin ew jitʻenin gełecʻik ew serkewiln ew murtn ew ənkoyzn ew nušn ew kʻnarukn ew hačarukn ew tʻutʻn ew nuṙnn ew hoynn:Translation by Robert W. ThomsonLikewise the lemon and balsamon, and laurel and beautiful olive tree, and quince and myrtle, and nut and almond, and lotus and holly, and mulberry and pomegranate and cornel tree.

#### Derived terms

* ընգուզ (ənguz)
* ընկոյզ արքայական (ənkoyz arkʻayakan)
* ընկոյզ հնդկաց (ənkoyz hndkacʻ)
* ընկուզաբեր (ənkuzaber)
* ընկուզազարդ (ənkuzazard)
* ընկուզաձեւ (ənkuzajew)
* ընկուզաստան (ənkuzastan)
* ընկուզի (ənkuzi)
* ընկուզուտ (ənkuzut)

#### Descendants

* Middle Armenian: ընկուզ (ənkuz)
* Armenian: ընկույզ (ənkuyz)

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “ընկոյզ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 130–131
* ↑ Hehn, Victor with Schrader, Otto (1911) Kulturpflanzen und Haustiere in ihrem Übergang aus Asien nach Griechenland und Italien sowie in das übrige Europa‎ (in German), 8th edition, Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger, pages 393–404
* ↑ Wagner, Max (1966) Die lexikalischen und grammatikalischen Aramaismen im alttestamentlichen Hebräisch (Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft; 96) (in German), Berlin: Alfred Töpelmann, →ISBN, page 18
* ↑ Cabolov, R. L. (2001) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 409–410
* 1 2 Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 117
* ↑ Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1982) Očerki po istorii leksiki pamirskix jazykov. Nazvanija kulʹturnyx rastenij [Essays on the history of Pamir languages. Names of cultivated plants] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, pages 110—111
* ↑ Agatʻangełos (1909) G. Tēr-Mkrtčʻean and St. Kanayeancʻ, editors, Patmutʻiwn Hayocʻ [History of Armenia] (Patmagirkʻ hayocʻ; I.2)‎, Tiflis: Aragatip Mnacʻakan Martiroseancʻi, page 330
* ↑ Thomson, Robert W. (2001) The teaching of Saint Gregory (Avant: Treasures of the Armenian Christian Tradition; 1), revised edition, New Rochelle, New York: St. Nersess Armenian Seminary, page 206

### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “ընկոյզ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 781c
* Awgerean, Mkrtičʻ, Čēlalean, Grigor (1865) “ընկոյզ”, in Aṙjeṙn baṙaran haykaznean lezui [Pocket Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 312b
* Bläsing, Uwe (2019) “Die armenischen Pflanzennamen in Peter Simon Pallas’ Flora Rossica. Eine Studie zu Etymologie und sprachlicher Interaktion”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15) (in German), Leuven: Peeters, pages 21–22
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 393
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 128, footnote 1
* J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837) “ընկոյզ”, in Baṙgirkʻ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, pages 548–549
* Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 29–59
* Mkrtčʻyan, Nerses (2004) “Banasirakan čšgrtumner ew lracʻumner [Philological Corrections and Additions]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal]‎ (in Armenian), number 3, page 185
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ընկոյզ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 206a