# cenit
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech cěniti, from Proto-Slavic *cěniti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡sɛɲɪt]

### Verb

cenit impf
* to value, to prize

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | cenit, ceniti | Active adjective | cenící |
| Verbal noun | cenění | Passive adjective | ceněný |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | cením | ceníme | — | ceňme |
| 2nd person | ceníš | ceníte | ceň | ceňte |
| 3rd person | cení | cení | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive cenit.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | cenil | cenili | ceněn | ceněni |
| masculine inanimate | cenil | cenily | ceněn | ceněny |
| feminine | cenila | cenily | ceněna | ceněny |
| neuter | cenilo | cenila | ceněno | ceněna |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | ceně | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | ceníc | — |
| plural | ceníce | — |

#### Related terms

* ceněný
* cenný
* cena
* ceník
* cennost
* docenit
* ocenit
* podcenit
* přecenit

### Further reading

* “ceniti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “ceniti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “cenit” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “cenit”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* ceniz

### Etymology

From misreading earlier cemt, from Arabic سَمْت (samt, “direction, path”), from Aramaic סֵימִטָא, from Latin sēmĭta.

### Pronunciation

* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃe.nit/, [ˈt͡ʃɛːnit̪]

### Noun

cenit n (indeclinable) (Medieval Latin)
* (astronomy) zenith (point in the sky vertically above a given position or observer)
** For quotations using this term, see Citations:cenit.
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Plato Tiburtinus to this entry?)
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor to this entry?)

#### Descendants

* → Middle English: cenyth, cenith, senyth, cenit, cinit, senith (learned)
** English: zenith
* → Old French: cenit m (learned)
** Middle French: zenith
*** French: zénith

### Further reading

* cenith in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* Paul Kunitzsch, The Arabs and the Stars: Texts and Traditions on the Fixed Stars and Their Influence in Medieval Europe, Routledge (→ISBN), 2017: Latin translators borrowed it as cemt/zemt capitis, and finally cemt/zemt was misread and miswritten, in Latin, as cenit/Zenit.

## Middle English
### Noun

cenit
* Alternative spelling of cenyth

## Old French
### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From the Medieval Latin cenit?”

### Noun

cenit oblique singular, m (oblique plural ceniz or cenitz, nominative singular ceniz or cenitz, nominative plural cenit)
* zenith (point in the sky vertically above a given position or observer)

#### Descendants

* Middle French: zenith
** French: zénith

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* cénit, zenit
* zénit (rare)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin cenit, from Arabic سَمْت (samt, “direction, path”), from the fuller form سَمْت اَلرَّأْس (samt ar-raʔs, “direction of the head”). The -ni- for -m- is sometimes thought to be due to a misreading of the three strokes, which is plausible, though it could be a mere phonetic approximation.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /θeˈnit/ [θeˈnit̪]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /seˈnit/ [seˈnit̪]
* Rhymes: -it
* Syllabification: ce‧nit

### Noun

cenit m (plural cenites)
* zenith
    Synonym: auge

### Further reading

* “cenit”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10