# 切

| 切 | U+5207, &#20999; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5207 |
| ← 分 [U+5206] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 刈 → [U+5208] |
| 切 | U+FA00, &#64000; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA00 |
| ← 刺 [U+F9FF] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 度 → [U+FA01] |
| 切 | U+2F850, &#194640; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F850 |
| ← 噴 [U+2F84F] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 壮 → [U+2F851] |

## Translingual
### Alternative forms

Note that in Chinese scripts (simplified/traditional), the left component is written ㇐ followed by ㇙ (with an upward hook). In Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese scripts the left component ends with ㇟ as in 七, which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi Dictionary.

### Han character

切 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 心尸竹 (PSH), four-corner 4772$_0$, composition ⿰七刀)

#### Derived characters

* 沏 𠯦 𢗠 𢗧 𢪃 𭎄 𮤺
* 𣐆 𤆻 䀙 砌 𬍔 𰹹
* 苆 袃 𥾛 𦕀 𫊧 𮅀
* 䟙 𨥓 𨥔 𩚦 𰎊
* 𢘰 𥿚 𫾌 (derived from the alternate compatibility variant 切)
* 彻 (Simplified form of 徹)
* 窃 (Japanese Shinjitai and Simplified form of 竊)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1858
* Dae Jaweon: page 307, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 320, character 5
* Unihan data for U+5207
* Unihan data for U+FA00
* Unihan data for U+2F850

#### Further reading

* 切 on Wikidata.Wikidata

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 切 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script |
| Small seal scripts03163Transcribed ancient scriptsL27064L27065 |||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). |||
| | Old Chinese |
| 切 | *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd |
| 砌 | *sʰiːds |
| 沏 | *sʰiːd |
| 七 | *sn̥ʰid |
| 柒 | *sn̥ʰid |
| 叱 | *n̥ʰjid |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd) : phonetic 七 (OC *sn̥ʰid) + semantic 刀 (“knife”).

### Etymology 1

Related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsik (“joint”); see there for more (STEDT).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): qiē (qie$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄝ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qie$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cit$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): tet$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhiet
    (Hailu, HRS): cied
    (Meixian, Guangdong): qiêd$^5$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ciah$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): chiék / chiák
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ceh$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhiat
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ciag$^4$ / ciêg$^4$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$chiq / $^7$tshiq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiē
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cie
*** Wade–Giles: chʻieh$^1$
*** Yale: chyē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chie
*** Palladius: це (ce)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: qie$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kie
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiɛ²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cit$^3$
*** Yale: chit
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsit$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qid$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiːt̚³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: tet$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰet̚³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiet
*** Hakka Romanization System: qied$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qiad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯et̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: cied
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰiet⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: qiêd$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰiɛt̚¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ciah$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰiaʔ²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chiék / chiák
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiɛʔ²⁴/, /t͡sʰiɑʔ²⁴/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ceh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛʔ¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ceh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛʔ²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiat
*** Tâi-lô: tshiat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiad
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /t͡sʰiɛt̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /t͡sʰiɛt̚⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ciag$^4$ / ciêg$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiak / tshiek
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiak̚²/, /t͡sʰiek̚²/
* ciag4 - Shantou;
* ciêg4 - Chaozhou.
* Middle Chinese: tshet
Rime :
| Character | 切 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 屑 (87) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 千結切 |
| Baxter | tshet |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰet̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰet̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰɛt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰɛt̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰet̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰiet̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sʰiet̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qie |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cit$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤi[t]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 切 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qiè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tshet › |
| Old Chinese | /*[tsʰ]ˁi[t]/ |
| English | cut; urgent |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 切 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 9908 |
| Phonetic component | 七 |
| Rime group | 質 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*sn̥ʰiːd/ |

#### Definitions

切
* to cut; to slice; to carve; to mince with a knife
* to cut off; to disconnect
* (mathematics) tangent
    正切 ― zhèngqiē ― tangent
    餘切／余切 ― yúqiē ― cotangent
* to switch
    Synonym: 切換 / 切换 (qiēhuàn)
    輸入法切來切去很麻煩。 [MSC, trad.] 输入法切来切去很麻烦。 [MSC, simp.]Shūrùfǎ qiē-lái qiē-qù hěn máfán. [Pinyin]Switching back and forth between IMEs all the time is so annoying.
(Second grade kyōiku kanji)