# 而

| 而 | U+800C, &#32780; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-800C |
| ← 耋 [U+800B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 耍 → [U+800D] |
| ⽽ | U+2F7D, &#12157; KANGXI RADICAL AND |
| ← ⽼ [U+2F7C] | Kangxi Radicals | ⽾ → [U+2F7E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

而 (Kangxi radical 126, 而+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一月中中 (MBLL), four-corner 1022$_7$, composition ⿱一𦓐 or ⿱丆𦉫)
* Kangxi radical #126, ⽽.

#### Derived characters

* Appendix:Chinese radical/而
* 侕, 㖇, 峏, 㧫, 洏, 𭸄, 陑, 𨒩, 𣆝, 栭, 𭹄, 胹, 𮁮, 𥅡, 袻, 粫, 𥿶, 𦎂, 𫅺, 聏, 䛔, 輀(𮝵), 𩰴, 鮞(鲕), 𪎿
* 𤭃, 𨾿, 鴯(鸸), 恧, 𡜚, 荋, 斋, 𡭺, 𥬵, 需, 髵, 㾍, 𪊫, 𨴎, 𡄠

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 961, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28871
* Dae Jaweon: page 1409, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2810, character 1
* Unihan data for U+800C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 而 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 耐 | *nɯːs |
| 耏 | *nɯːs, *njɯ |
| 而 | *njɯ |
| 鮞 | *njɯ, *njuɡ |
| 鴯 | *njɯ |
| 栭 | *njɯ |
| 陑 | *njɯ |
| 峏 | *njɯ |
| 輀 | *njɯ |
| 胹 | *njɯ |
| 洏 | *njɯ |
| 髵 | *njɯ |
| 恧 | *nɯɡ, *nuɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – a beard. Original form of 耏 (OC *nɯːs, *njɯ) or 髵 (OC *njɯ). See also 冄.

### Etymology
#### "you; your"

    From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ (“you”). Cognate with 爾 (OC *njelʔ) and is considered a variant form thereof.

#### "then", "and"

    Unstressed form of 乃 (OC *nɯːʔ) (Pulleyblank, 1995, p. 45).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): ér (er$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄦˊ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): эр (er, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ji$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngei$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): eo$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yì
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yi$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): er$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): ě̤
* Eastern Min (BUC): ì
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zi$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lî / jî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): re$^5$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$gher / $^6$er
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): e$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ér
*** Zhuyin: ㄦˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ér
*** Wade–Giles: êrh$^2$
*** Yale: ér
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: erl
*** Palladius: эр (er)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤɻ³⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: эр (er, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɛɻ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^4$
*** Yale: yìh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ngei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵑɡei²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: eo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɵ³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
*** Hakka Romanization System: i$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yì
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)i$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: er$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /əɻ¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ě̤
*** Sinological IPA : /œ²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ì
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lî
*** Tâi-lô: lî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lii
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /li²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jî
*** Tâi-lô: jî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jii
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zi¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /zi²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: re$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jṳ̂
*** Sinological IPA : /d͡zɯ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$gher
*** MiniDict: r$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hher
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦəl²³/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^6$er
*** MiniDict: r$^去$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /əl²³¹/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: e$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɤ̞¹³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit而 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /əɻ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ɚ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /əɻ⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /əɻ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /əɻ⁵⁵/ /ɭə⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ɭ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /əɻ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /əɻ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ɯ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ɚ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /ɯ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /əɻ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ɚ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ə³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /əɻ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /a⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /əɻ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /əɻ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /aɻ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /əl²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /əl¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /əl²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zz̩³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɛ⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ə⁴⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ə¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /e¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ɵ⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /i¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ji²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /ji²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /ji²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /li³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /i⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /œ²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /zɯ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /lɛ²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: nyi
Rime :
| Character | 而 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 如之切 |
| Baxter | nyi |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵɨ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵɨ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑie/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiə/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭə/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȵʑi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ér |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ji$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*nə/
    (Zhengzhang): /*njɯ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 而 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | ér |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyi › |
| Old Chinese | /*nə/ |
| English | and, but |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 而 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2720 |
| Phonetic component | 而 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 而 |
| Old Chinese | /*njɯ/ |

### Definitions

而
* and (used to connect two clauses or adjectives)
       wěidà ér jiānjù de rènwù [Pinyin]
       a great and arduous task
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Mù nì ér sòng zhī, yuē: “Měi ér yàn.” [Pinyin]
    (Huafu Du) kept ogling at her as if to receive her with his gaze, then at her departing figure, saying "How beautiful, and how gorgeous."
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
    Tiāndì yǔ wǒ bìngcún, ér wànwù yǔ wǒ wèi yī. [Pinyin]
    The universe and I came into being together; and I, and everything therein, are One.
* then (connecting two verbs or verb-phrases); and
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Cì bùxìng yán ér zhòng. [Pinyin]
    As ill fortune had it, Ci spoke of this, then his words turned out to be true.
* and yet; but; nevertheless (conjunction indicating concession or contrast)
    有其名而無其實／有其名而无其实 ― yǒu qí míng ér wú qíshí ― in name but not in reality
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Xīn yóuyù ér húyí xī, yù zìshì ér bùkě. [Pinyin]
    Like whelp in doubt, like timid fox in fear, I wished to go, but wandered ever near.
    From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
    Jūnzǐ yì zhī ér nán xiá, yì jù ér nán xié, wèi huàn ér bùbì yìsǐ, yù lì ér bùwéi suǒfēi, jiāo qīn ér bù bǐ, yán biàn ér bù cí. [Pinyin]
    Those who are superior in character can be easily understood but cannot be approached with inappropriate familiarity; they are often timid and cautious, but cannot be threatened; they fear peril but are ready to die for a righteous cause; they desire what is beneficial, but choose not to achieve it by means they disapprove of; they befriend acquaintances but do not form cliques; they speak with eloquence but without flourish.
* to (often used with 自)
    自上而下 ― zìshàng'érxià ― from top to bottom; top-down
* particle between adverbial element and verb to indicate cause, purpose, or manner
    半途而廢／半途而废 ― bàntú'érfèi ― to give up halfway
    不幸而言中 ― bùxìng'éryánzhòng ― to make an accurate prediction despite its unfortunate nature
    From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
    Wú cháng zhōngrì ér sī yǐ, bùrú xūyú zhī suǒxué yě. [Pinyin]
    I used to contemplate all day long only to obtain no more than what can be achieved with learning in a short while.
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Xī Kǒngzǐ héwèi ér zuò “Chūnqiū” zāi? [Pinyin]
    At that time, for what purpose did Confucius compile the Spring and Autumn?
** particle between two verbs or verb phrases indicating that the first is used adverbially
    不得其門而入／不得其门而入 ― bùdéqímén'érrù ― to fail to understand (literally, "to be unable to enter by finding the gate")
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Yù hū Yí, fēng hū Wǔyú, yǒng ér guī. [Pinyin]
    [I would] bathe in the Yi, enjoy the breeze among the rain altars, and return home singing.
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Rú yǒu bùshì shārén zhě, zé tiānxià zhī mín jiē yǐnlǐng ér wàng zhī yǐ. [Pinyin]
    If there were one who did not find pleasure in killing men, all the people in the nation would look towards him with outstretched necks.
* modal particle indicating hypothetical condition
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Rén ér wúlǐ, hú bù chuán sǐ? [Pinyin]
    If a man observe no rules of propriety, Why does he not quickly die?
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Jiǎlìng Yànzǐ ér zài, yú suī wèizhī zhíbiān, suǒ xīnmù yān. [Pinyin]
    Were Yan Ying alive, even if I were to be a coachman for him, there shall be where my joy and admiration lie.
* modal particle indicating tendency or immediate action
    From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5th – 3rd centuries BCE
    Cǐ sān zǐ zhě, jiē bùyī zhī shì yě; huái nù wèi fā, xiū jìn jiàng yú tiān, yǔ chén ér jiāng sì yǐ. [Pinyin]
    All of those three worthy men were heroes among humble commoners who, having not even released their wrath, saw omens auspicious to their heroic deeds and ruinous to their opponents dispatched by Heaven. Now, with me, there is about to be a fourth.
* (literary) you; your
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Yú dì sǐ, ér zǐ lái, shì ér zǐ shā yú zhī dì yě. [Pinyin]
    My younger brother died, but your son returned. This means your son murdered my younger brother.
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Cǐ hòu yì fēi ér suǒ zhī yě. [Pinyin]
    The successor following them is not the one you will ever know.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 汝, 爾, 乃, 而, 若, 伊, 子, 君 †, 卿 † |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 你, 您 †, 閣下 †, 臺端 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 你, 您 †, 您老人家 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 你, 您 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 你, 您老人家 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 你 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 你 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 你, 您 †, 你老人家 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 你, 您 †, 你老人家 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 你, 您 †, 你老人家 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 你, 您 †, 你老人家 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 你, 您 †, 你老人家 †, 你老 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 你, 您 †, 你老人家 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 你, 你老 †, 你老人家 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 你, 你老 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 你, 你老 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 你, 您 †, 你老人家 †, 你老 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 你, 您 †, 你老人家 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 你, 您 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 你, 您 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 你 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 你, 你了 † |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 你, 你老 † |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 你, 你老 † |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 你, 你老 † |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 你, 你家 † |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 你, 恁 †, 恁老人家 † |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Weicheng) | 你 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Weifang (Fangzi) | 你 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Changle | 你 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shouguang | 你 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Wulian | 你 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 你, 你老 † |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 你, 您 †, 你老人家 † |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 你 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 你 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 你 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Weifang (Hanting) | 你 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Changyi | 你 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Gaomi | 你, 恁 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 你, 恁 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Anqiu | 你 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Linqu | 你, 恁 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingzhou | 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 你, 恁 †, 恁老人家 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 你, 你老 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 你, 你老兒 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Dingbian | 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 你, 喬, 你老人家 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yanqi | 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 恁, 你, 你老人家 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Pizhou | 恁, 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lianyungang (Ganyu) | 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Donghai | 你 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 你, 你家 †, 你老人家 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 你 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 你, 您 † |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 你 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 你, 您 †, 你家 †, 你老人家 † |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 你, 你老 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 你, 你家 †, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 你, 你家 †, 老人家 †, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 你, 你家 †, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 你, 您哪 †, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 你, 您 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 你, 你家 †, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 你, 你家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 你, 你家 †, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Xiakuojie) | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Fujian) | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Fucheng, Wuming) | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Binyang (Nanjie) | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 你, 你家 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 你 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Baoying | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Taizhou | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Zhenjiang | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huai'an (Huaiyin) | 你, 您兒 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xuyi | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Rugao | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yancheng | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Funing | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Sihong | 你 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Mandarin | Qinzhou (Longmengang) | 你 |
| Mandarin | Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 你 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 你 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Shek Pik; Weitou) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 你 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 你 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huancheng) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nanlang) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Xiaolan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Henglan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongfeng) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nantou) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Fusha) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shalang) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Gangkou) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huangpu) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Sanjiao) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Minzhong) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Guzhen) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Banfu) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanzhou) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 你 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Beixipo, Dianbai; Malan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Bengtangque, Dianbai; Malan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Mianhuadi, Dianbai; Malan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Shanzuipo, Dianbai; Malan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Binglanghua, Dianbai; Malan) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 你 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Pingdong, Longgang; Shehua) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Pingshan; Zhanmi) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 你 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 你 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 你 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 你 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 你 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 你 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 你 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 你 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 你 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 你 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 你 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 你 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 你 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 你 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 你 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 你 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 你 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 你 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 你 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 你 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 你 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 你 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 你 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 爾, 恁 |
| Gan | Nanchang (Wangcheng) | 恁 |
| Gan | Anyi | 爾仂 |
| Gan | Lushan | 爾 |
| Gan | Pengze | 爾 |
| Gan | Duchang | 爾, 爾儂 |
| Gan | Wuning (Quankou) | 恁 |
| Gan | Poyang | 你 |
| Gan | Yugan | 你, 你郎 |
| Gan | Wannian | 你 |
| Gan | Hengfeng | 爾, 爾仂 |
| Gan | Yanshan (Hekou) | 爾, 爾仂 |
| Gan | Leping | 你 |
| Gan | Yichun | 你 |
| Gan | Yifeng | 爾 |
| Gan | Gao'an | 爾 |
| Gan | Fengxin | 你 |
| Gan | Shanggao | 爾 |
| Gan | Wanzai | 爾 |
| Gan | Fengcheng | 你 |
| Gan | Xinyu | 你 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Shangdundu) | 你 |
| Gan | Fuzhou (Dongxiang) | 爾仂 |
| Gan | Nancheng | 恁 |
| Gan | Nanfeng | 你仂, 你 |
| Gan | Yihuang | 恁 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 汝 |
| Gan | Chongren | 爾 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 恨, 你 |
| Gan | Lianhua | 你 |
| Gan | Ji'an | 你 |
| Gan | Yongfeng | 恁 |
| Gan | Taihe | 你 |
| Gan | Xiajiang | 你 |
| Gan | Yongxin | 你 |
| Gan | Yingtan (Yujiang) | 爾 |
| Gan | Guixi | 爾, 爾仂 |
| Gan | Jianning | 你 |
| Gan | Jinxian | 恁, 爾 |
| Gan | Jinxi | 恁 |
| Gan | Le'an | 你 |
| Gan | Guangchang | 你 |
| Gan | Anfu | 你 |
| Gan | Suichuan | 你 |
| Gan | Wan'an | 你 |
| Gan | Jing'an | 爾 |
| Gan | Zhangshu | 你 |
| Gan | Xingan | 你 |
| Gan | Fenyi | 你 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 你 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 你 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 你 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 你 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 你 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 你 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 你 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 你 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 你 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 你 |
| Hakka | Nanxiong (Zhuji) | 你 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 你 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 你 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 你 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 你 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 你 |
| Hakka | Changting | 你 |
| Hakka | Shanghang | 汝 |
| Hakka | Longyan (Yongding) | 汝 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 你 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 你 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 你 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 你 |
| Hakka | Qingliu | 你 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 你 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 恁 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 你 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 你 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 你 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Nankang) | 你 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 你 |
| Hakka | Dingnan | 你 |
| Hakka | Longnan | 你 |
| Hakka | Xunwu | 爾 |
| Hakka | Huichang | 恨, 爾 |
| Hakka | Chongyi | 你 |
| Hakka | Xingguo | 你 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 你 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 你 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 你 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 你 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 你 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 你 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 你 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 你 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Shahe) | 你 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Longtan) | 你 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingping) | 你 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Lingjiao) | 你 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 你 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 你 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 你 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 你 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 你 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 你 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 爾, 爾仂 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 爾, 你, 你老人家 † |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 爾, 爾仂 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 爾 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 爾 |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 爾 |
| Huizhou | Chun'an (Qiandaohu) | 爾 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Meicheng) | 爾 |
| Huizhou | Jiande (Shouchang) | 曾, 曾儂 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 你, 你家 † |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 你, 您 †, 你家 †, 你老人家 † |
| Jin | Datong | 你, 您兒 † |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 你, 你吶 † |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 你, 你老兒家 † |
| Jin | Changzhi | 你 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 你, 您 † |
| Jin | Linhe | 你, 您 †, 你老兒家 † |
| Jin | Jining | 你, 您 †, 你家 † |
| Jin | Hohhot | 你, 您 †, 您老兒家 † |
| Jin | Baotou | 你, 您 † |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 你, 您 † |
| Jin | Haibowan | 你, 您 † |
| Jin | Erenhot | 你, 您兒 † |
| Jin | Pingshan | 你 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 你, 您 †, 你老 † |
| Jin | Handan | 你, 你老人家 † |
| Jin | Linzhou | 你 |
| Jin | Suide | 你 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 你 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 你 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 你 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 你 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 汝 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 你 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 你 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 你 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Minqing | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Taishun | 爾 |
| Eastern Min | Cangnan | 爾 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 汝 |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 汝 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Guilin (Biyange) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 汝 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 汝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 汝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 汝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 汝 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 汝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 汝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 汝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 汝 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 你 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 你 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 你 |
| Central Min | Nanping (Wangtai, Yanping) | 你 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 𫣴 |
| Shaojiang Min | Guangze | 𫣴 |
| Shaojiang Min | Mingxi | 你 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shunchang | 你 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 汝 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 汝 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 你 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 你 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 你 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 你 |
| Shehua | Sanming | 你 |
| Shehua | Shunchang | 你 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 你 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 你 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 你 |
| Shehua | Jingning (Hexi) | 你 |
| Shehua | Lishui | 你 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 你 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 你 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 你 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 你 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 儂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 是奴 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 儂, 甚, 恆儂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Shuangcaodun, Baoshan) | 儂 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 爾 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 倷 |
| Wu | Suzhou (Shengze, Wujiang) | 㑚 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 你 |
| Wu | Changshu | 儂 |
| Wu | Kunshan | 能 |
| Wu | Nantong (Haimen) | 你 |
| Wu | Jiaxing | 你 |
| Wu | Jiashan | 你 |
| Wu | Pinghu | 爾儂 |
| Wu | Haining (Yanguan) | 儂, 你 |
| Wu | Tongxiang | 儂 |
| Wu | Haiyan | 你 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 你 |
| Wu | Danyang | 爾 |
| Wu | Nanjing (Gaochun) | 你 |
| Wu | Huzhou | 是爾 |
| Wu | Changxing | 是爾 |
| Wu | Anji | 爾 |
| Wu | Deqing | 爾 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 你 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 儂, 是儂, 爾, 是爾 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Lin'an) | 儂, 是儂 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Fuyang) | 儂, 你, 爾, 是爾 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Xiaoshan) | 爾 |
| Wu | Tonglu | 你, 是你 |
| Wu | Shaoxing | 諾 |
| Wu | Zhuji | 你 |
| Wu | Shengzhou | 儂 |
| Wu | Xinchang | 爾, 奶 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 諾, 爾, 爾諾 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Zhenhai) | 諾 |
| Wu | Ningbo (Fenghua) | 儂, 爾 |
| Wu | Yuyao | 儂 |
| Wu | Cixi | 儂 |
| Wu | Xiangshan | 爾, 像爾 |
| Wu | Ninghai | 爾, 爾儂 |
| Wu | Zhoushan | 儂 |
| Wu | Taizhou (Huangyan) | 爾 |
| Wu | Tiantai | 爾 |
| Wu | Xianju | 爾 |
| Wu | Sanmen | 爾 |
| Wu | Linhai | 爾 |
| Wu | Wenling | 爾 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 你 |
| Wu | Yueqing | 你 |
| Wu | Yongjia (Fenglin) | 你 |
| Wu | Pingyang | 你 |
| Wu | Taishun | 你 |
| Wu | Wencheng | 你 |
| Wu | Lishui | 你 |
| Wu | Qingtian | 你 |
| Wu | Jinyun | 你, 定你 |
| Wu | Wuyi (Liucheng) | 爾 |
| Wu | Songyang (Xiping) | 你 |
| Wu | Yunhe | 你 |
| Wu | Jingning | 你 |
| Wu | Qingyuan | 你 |
| Wu | Longquan | 你 |
| Wu | Quzhou | 你 |
| Wu | Suichang | 你 |
| Wu | Jiangshan | 你 |
| Wu | Changshan | 爾 |
| Wu | Kaihua | 你 |
| Wu | Longyou | 你, 你儂 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 儂 |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 爾, 爾儂 |
| Wu | Yiwu | 儂 |
| Wu | Yongkang | 爾 |
| Wu | Pujiang | 爾 |
| Wu | Dongyang | 爾 |
| Wu | Wuyi | 儂 |
| Wu | Lanxi | 爾, 爾儂 |
| Wu | Shangrao | 爾儂 |
| Wu | Shangrao (Guangfeng) | 爾 |
| Wu | Yushan | 恁 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 你 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 你 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 你 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 你 |
| Note | †: honorific | †: honorific |

### See also

* 與／与 (yǔ, “and”), used to connect two nouns

### Compounds

* 一哄而上
* 一哄而散
* 一哄而起 (yīhōng'érqǐ)
* 一哄而集
* 一戰而霸 / 一战而霸
* 一掃而光 / 一扫而光 (yīsǎo'érguāng)
* 一掃而空 / 一扫而空 (yīsǎo'érkōng)
* 一揮而就 / 一挥而就 (yīhuī'érjiù)
* 一揮而成 / 一挥而成
* 一擁而上 / 一拥而上 (yīyǒng'érshàng)
* 一擁而進 / 一拥而进
* 一望而知 (yīwàng'érzhī)
* 一概而言
* 一概而論 / 一概而论 (yīgài'érlùn)
* 一炮而紅 / 一炮而红 (yīpào'érhóng)
* 一般而言 (yībān'éryán)
* 一言而定
* 一蹴而就 (yīcù'érjiù)
* 一蹴而得
* 一躍而起 / 一跃而起
* 一飲而盡 / 一饮而尽 (yīyǐn'érjìn)
* 一鬨而散 / 一哄而散
* 一鼓而下
* 三十而立 (sānshí'érlì)
* 三思而行
* 不一而足 (bùyī'érzú)
* 不勞而獲 / 不劳而获 (bùláo'érhuò)
* 不告而別 / 不告而别
* 不告而去
* 不學而能 / 不学而能
* 不寒而慄 / 不寒而栗 (bùhán'érlì)
* 不寒而栗 (bùhán'érlì)
* 不平而鳴 / 不平而鸣
* 不得而知 (bùdé'érzhī)
* 不惡而嚴 / 不恶而严
* 不戰而勝 / 不战而胜 (bùzhàn'érshèng)
* 不戰而潰 / 不战而溃
* 不戰而破 / 不战而破
* 不教而殺 / 不教而杀
* 不教而誅 / 不教而诛 (bùjiào'érzhū)
* 不期而會 / 不期而会 (bùqī'érhuì)
* 不期而然 (bùqī'érrán)
* 不期而遇 (bùqī'éryù)
* 不歡而散 / 不欢而散 (bùhuān'érsàn)
* 不約而同 / 不约而同 (bùyuē'értóng)
* 不約而合 / 不约而合
* 不翼而飛 / 不翼而飞 (bùyì'érfēi)
* 不而過 / 不而过 (put-jî-kò)
* 不脛而走 / 不胫而走 (bùjìng'érzǒu)
* 不藥而癒 / 不药而愈
* 不言而化
* 不言而喻 (bùyán'éryù)
* 不謀而同 / 不谋而同
* 不謀而合 / 不谋而合 (bùmóu'érhé)
* 不顧而唾 / 不顾而唾
* 並肩而行 / 并肩而行
* 中途而廢 / 中途而废 (zhōngtú'érfèi)
* 中道而廢 / 中道而废 (zhōngdào'érfèi)
* 久而久之 (jiǔ'érjiǔzhī)
* 乘興而來 / 乘兴而来
* 乘虛而入 / 乘虚而入 (chéngxū'érrù)
* 乘隙而入 (chéngxì'érrù)
* 仄目而視 / 仄目而视
* 企足而待
* 似是而非 (sìshì'érfēi)
* 伺機而動 / 伺机而动
* 侃侃而談 / 侃侃而谈 (kǎnkǎn'értán)
* 信步而行
* 俄而 (é'ér)
* 信而有徵 / 信而有征 (xìn'éryǒuzhēng)
* 倒屣而迎
* 倚扉而望
* 側目而視 / 侧目而视
* 偶而 (ǒu'ér)
* 備而不用 / 备而不用 (bèi'érbùyòng)
* 傾巢而出 / 倾巢而出 (qīngcháo'érchū)
* 傳檄而定 / 传檄而定
* 傾蓋而語 / 倾盖而语
* 公而忘私
* 具體而微 / 具体而微
* 兼而有之 (jiān'éryǒuzhī)
* 分而為二 / 分而为二
* 列鼎而食
* 刮刮而談 / 刮刮而谈
* 剛而自矜 / 刚而自矜
* 勇而無謀 / 勇而无谋 (yǒng'érwúmóu)
* 勞而無功 / 劳而无功
* 勿藥而愈 / 勿药而愈
* 半塗而罷 / 半涂而罢
* 半途而廢 / 半途而废 (bàntú'érfèi)
* 博而不精 (bó'érbùjīng)
* 及瓜而代
* 反而 (fǎn'ér)
* 及鋒而試 / 及锋而试
* 取而代之 (qǔ'érdàizhī)
* 可想而知 (kěxiǎng'érzhī)
* 同年而語 / 同年而语 (tóngnián'éryǔ)
* 同日而言
* 同日而語 / 同日而语 (tóngrì'éryǔ)
* 同舟而濟 / 同舟而济
* 向隅而泣 (xiàngyú'érqì)
* 否終而泰 / 否终而泰
* 咄嗟而辦 / 咄嗟而办
* 和而不同 (hé'érbùtóng)
* 周而不比
* 周而復始 / 周而复始 (zhōu'érfùshǐ)
* 哀而不傷 / 哀而不伤 (āi'érbùshāng)
* 善刀而藏
* 喜極而泣 / 喜极而泣 (xǐjí'érqì)
* 喟然而嘆 / 喟然而叹
* 善賈而沽 / 善贾而沽
* 因人而異 / 因人而异 (yīnrén'éryì)
* 因而 (yīn'ér)
* 坐而待斃 / 坐而待毙
* 坐而待旦
* 坐而論道 / 坐而论道 (zuò'érlùndào)
* 垂手而得
* 垂拱而治
* 執而不化 / 执而不化
* 堂而皇之 (táng'érhuángzhī)
* 大而化之 (dà'érhuàzhī)
* 大而無當 / 大而无当 (dà'érwúdàng)
* 大體而言 / 大体而言
* 失而復得 / 失而复得 (shī'érfùdé)
* 奄然而逝
* 奪眶而出 / 夺眶而出
* 奪門而出 / 夺门而出
* 奮袂而起 / 奋袂而起
* 如丘而止
* 好謀而成 / 好谋而成
* 威而不猛
* 娓娓而談 / 娓娓而谈
* 存而不論 / 存而不论
* 學優而仕 / 学优而仕 (xuéyōu'érshì)
* 學而不厭 / 学而不厌 (xué'érbùyàn)
* 學而名母 / 学而名母
* 安枕而臥 / 安枕而卧
* 富而不驕 / 富而不骄
* 富而好施
* 富而好禮 / 富而好礼
* 富而無驕 / 富而无骄
* 察察而明 (cháchá'érmíng)
* 對門而居 / 对门而居
* 已而 (yǐ'ér)
* 已而不登
* 席地而坐 (xídì'érzuò)
* 平心而談 / 平心而谈
* 平心而論 / 平心而论 (píngxīn'érlùn)
* 并日而食
* 幸而 (xìng'ér)
* 廢書而歎 / 废书而叹
* 廢然而反 / 废然而反
* 廢然而返 / 废然而返
* 引而不發 / 引而不发 (yǐn'érbùfā)
* 引領而望 / 引领而望
* 形而下 (xíng'érxià)
* 形而上 (xíng'érshàng)
* 形而上學 / 形而上学 (xíng'érshàngxué)
* 待價而沽 / 待价而沽 (dàijià'érgū)
* 待時而動 / 待时而动 (dàishí'érdòng)
* 待時而舉 / 待时而举
* 待機而動 / 待机而动
* 從一而終 / 从一而终 (cóngyī'érzhōng)
* 從天而下 / 从天而下
* 從天而降 / 从天而降 (cóngtiān'érjiàng)
* 從而 / 从而 (cóng'ér)
* 得而復失 / 得而复失 (dé'érfùshī)
* 得而誅之 / 得而诛之
* 從風而靡 / 从风而靡
* 循次而進 / 循次而进
* 忽而 (hū'ér)
* 怒目而視 / 怒目而视 (nùmù'érshì)
* 怨而不言
* 恃寵而驕 / 恃宠而骄 (shì chǒng ér jiāo)
* 惠而不費 / 惠而不费
* 意而
* 慕名而來 / 慕名而来
* 應時而生 / 应时而生
* 應聲而倒 / 应声而倒
* 應運而出 / 应运而出
* 應運而生 / 应运而生 (yìngyùn'érshēng)
* 應運而起 / 应运而起
* 應際而生 / 应际而生
* 懸懸而望 / 悬悬而望
* 懸而未決 / 悬而未决 (xuán'érwèijué)
* 戛然而止 (jiárán'érzhǐ)
* 扺掌而談 / 扺掌而谈
* 把臂而談 / 把臂而谈
* 拔地而起 (bádì'érqǐ)
* 拍案而起
* 抱虎而眠
* 拂衣而去
* 拂袖而去 (fúxiù'érqù)
* 拂袖而歸 / 拂袖而归
* 拂袖而起
* 抵足而眠
* 抵足而臥 / 抵足而卧
* 挈屐而歸 / 挈屐而归
* 拱手而別 / 拱手而别
* 拱手而降
* 拭目而待
* 拭目而觀 / 拭目而观
* 拾級而上 / 拾级而上 (shèjí'érshàng)
* 挺身而出 (tǐngshēn'érchū)
* 掛冠而去 / 挂冠而去
* 掛印而逃 / 挂印而逃
* 接淅而行
* 排空而至
* 推而廣之 / 推而广之 (tuī'érguǎngzhī)
* 掩耳而走
* 捫蝨而言 / 扪虱而言
* 接踵而來 / 接踵而来 (jiēzhǒng'érlái)
* 接踵而至 (jiēzhǒng'érzhì)
* 掉頭而去 / 掉头而去
* 掩鼻而過 / 掩鼻而过
* 揭竿而起 (jiēgān'érqǐ)
* 援筆而就 / 援笔而就
* 揚長而去 / 扬长而去 (yángcháng'érqù)
* 摯而有別 / 挚而有别
* 擇主而事 / 择主而事 (zézhǔ'érshì)
* 擇交而友 / 择交而友
* 擇人而事 / 择人而事
* 擇善而從 / 择善而从
* 擇善而行 / 择善而行
* 擇地而蹈 / 择地而蹈
* 擇木而處 / 择木而处
* 據理而爭 / 据理而争
* 擇肥而噬 / 择肥而噬
* 擦肩而過 / 擦肩而过 (cājiān'érguò)
* 擦身而過 / 擦身而过 (cāshēn'érguò)
* 攘臂而起
* 故而 (gù'ér)
* 敬而遠之 / 敬而远之 (jìng'éryuǎnzhī)
* 數米而炊 / 数米而炊
* 斂笑而泣 / 敛笑而泣
* 斃而後已 / 毙而后已
* 施而不費 / 施而不费
* 既而 (jì'ér)
* 旦旦而伐
* 易子而食 (yìzǐ'érshí)
* 易子而飧
* 時而 / 时而 (shí'ér)
* 曲肱而枕
* 月暈而風 / 月晕而风
* 有備而來 / 有备而来 (yǒubèi'érlái)
* 有感而發 / 有感而发 (yǒugǎn'érfā)
* 望塵而拜 / 望尘而拜
* 望而卻步 / 望而却步 (wàng'érquèbù)
* 望而生畏 (wàng'érshēngwèi)
* 望風而潰 / 望风而溃
* 望風而走 / 望风而走
* 望風而逃 / 望风而逃
* 望風而遁 / 望风而遁
* 望風而降 / 望风而降
* 望風而靡 / 望风而靡 (wàngfēng'érmǐ)
* 木猴而冠
* 析骨而炊
* 概而不論 / 概而不论
* 樂而不淫 / 乐而不淫 (lè'érbùyín)
* 樂而不荒 / 乐而不荒
* 樂而忘憂 / 乐而忘忧
* 樂而忘歸 / 乐而忘归
* 樂而忘返 / 乐而忘返
* 歃血而盟
* 死而不悔
* 死而不朽
* 死而後已 / 死而后已 (sǐ'érhòuyǐ)
* 死而後止 / 死而后止
* 死而復生 / 死而复生 (sǐ'ér fùshēng)
* 死而復甦 / 死而复苏
* 死而無怨 / 死而无怨
* 死而無悔 / 死而无悔
* 歿而不朽 / 殁而不朽
* 歿而無朽 / 殁而无朽
* 殘而不廢 / 残而不废 (cán'érbùfèi)
* 毋翼而飛 / 毋翼而飞
* 比屋而封
* 比屋而誅 / 比屋而诛
* 比肩而事
* 比肩而立 (bǐjiān'érlì)
* 比鄰而居 / 比邻而居
* 沐猴而冠 (mùhóu'érguàn)
* 沒而不朽 / 没而不朽
* 泰極而否 / 泰极而否
* 泛泛而談 / 泛泛而谈 (fànfàn'értán)
* 油然而生 (yóurán'érshēng)
* 治絲而棼 / 治丝而棼
* 浮而不實 / 浮而不实
* 涅而不緇 / 涅而不缁 (niè'érbùzī)
* 涸澤而漁 / 涸泽而渔
* 淺而易見 / 浅而易见
* 淡而無味 / 淡而无味
* 渴而穿井
* 源源而來 / 源源而来
* 滔滔而至
* 滿而不溢 / 满而不溢
* 滿載而歸 / 满载而归 (mǎnzài'érguī)
* 無功而祿 / 无功而禄 (wúgōng'érlù)
* 無功而返 / 无功而返 (wúgōng'érfǎn)
* 焚林而田
* 焚林而畋
* 無為而治 / 无为而治 (wúwéi'érzhì)
* 無疾而終 / 无疾而终 (wújí'érzhōng)
* 無翼而飛 / 无翼而飞
* 然而 (rán'ér)
* 無脛而行 / 无胫而行
* 牆面而立 / 墙面而立
* 犯而不校
* 狼狽而逃 / 狼狈而逃
* 甚而 (shèn'ér)
* 生而知之
* 畏影而走
* 畫地而趨 / 画地而趋
* 疏而不漏
* 盡力而為 / 尽力而为 (jìnlì'érwéi)
* 盡歡而散 / 尽欢而散
* 盤腿而坐 / 盘腿而坐
* 盤膝而坐 / 盘膝而坐
* 直瀉而下 / 直泻而下
* 直而不挺
* 直道而行
* 相待而成
* 相擁而泣 / 相拥而泣
* 相時而動 / 相时而动
* 相機而動 / 相机而动
* 相機而言 / 相机而言
* 相視而笑 / 相视而笑 (xiāngshì'érxiào)
* 相輔而成 / 相辅而成
* 相輔而行 / 相辅而行
* 相須而行 / 相须而行
* 睋而
* 瞑目而逝
* 瞠目而視 / 瞠目而视
* 知而不言
* 知難而行 / 知难而行
* 知難而退 / 知难而退 (zhīnán'értuì)
* 破繭而出 / 破茧而出
* 破門而入 / 破门而入 (pòmén'érrù)
* 磨而不磷
* 礎潤而雨 / 础润而雨
* 祕而不宣 / 秘而不宣 (mì'érbùxuān)
* 祕而不泄
* 祕而不露 / 秘而不露
* 視而不見 / 视而不见 (shì'érbùjiàn)
* 秀而不實 / 秀而不实
* 稱柴而爨 / 称柴而爨
* 稱薪而爨 / 称薪而爨
* 穎脫而出 / 颖脱而出 (yǐngtuō'érchū)
* 空手而回
* 窮而後工 / 穷而后工
* 竭澤而漁 / 竭泽而渔 (jiézé'éryú)
* 等而下之 (děng'érxiàzhī)
* 紛沓而來 / 纷沓而来
* 終而復始 / 终而复始
* 結繩而治 / 结绳而治
* 絕裾而去 / 绝裾而去
* 緩緩而行 / 缓缓而行
* 總而言之 / 总而言之 (zǒng'éryánzhī)
* 繫而不食 / 系而不食
* 繼而 / 继而 (jì'ér)
* 繼踵而至 / 继踵而至
* 罕譬而喻
* 置而不問 / 置而不问
* 群而不黨 / 群而不党 (qún'érbùdǎng)
* 群起而攻
* 習而不察 / 习而不察
* 翹足而待 / 翘足而待
* 老而彌堅 / 老而弥坚
* 而且 (érqiě)
* 而今 (érjīn)
* 而今而後 / 而今而后
* 而何 (érhé)
* 而外 (érwài)
* 而夫
* 而家 (ji4 gaa1)
* 而已 (éryǐ)
* 而後 / 而后 (érhòu)
* 而況 / 而况 (érkuàng)
* 而立 (érlì)
* 而立之年 (érlìzhīnián)
* 聞風而動 / 闻风而动 (wénfēng'érdòng)
* 聞風而起 / 闻风而起
* 聞風而逃 / 闻风而逃
* 聽而不聞 / 听而不闻 (tīng'érbùwén)
* 背道而馳 / 背道而驰 (bèidào'érchí)
* 脫口而出 / 脱口而出
* 脫穎而出 / 脱颖而出 (tuōyǐng'érchū)
* 臨事而懼 / 临事而惧
* 自崖而反
* 自然而然 (zìrán'érrán)
* 苗而不秀
* 若而人
* 華而不實 / 华而不实 (huá'érbùshí)
* 落荒而走 (luòhuāngérzǒu)
* 落荒而逃 (luòhuāng'értáo)
* 蒼蠅附驥尾而致千里 / 苍蝇附骥尾而致千里 (cāngying fù jì wěi ér zhì qiānlǐ)
* 虎而冠
* 蜂擁而上 / 蜂拥而上 (fēngyǒng'érshàng)
* 蜂擁而至 / 蜂拥而至 (fēngyǒng'érzhì)
* 蜂湧而出 / 蜂涌而出
* 蠅附驥尾而致千里 / 蝇附骥尾而致千里 (yíng fù jì wěi ér zhì qiānlǐ)
* 衝口而出 / 冲口而出 (chōngkǒu'érchū)
* 衝口而發 / 冲口而发
* 要而言之
* 見幾而作 / 见几而作
* 見機而作 / 见机而作
* 見而色喜 / 见而色喜
* 觀機而動 / 观机而动
* 觀釁而動 / 观衅而动
* 觸類而長 / 触类而长
* 言大而夸
* 言而不信 (yán'érbùxìn)
* 言而有信
* 言而無信 / 言而无信 (yán'érwúxìn)
* 計日而俟 / 计日而俟
* 計日而待 / 计日而待 (jìrì'érdài)
* 誨而不倦 / 诲而不倦
* 諫而剖腹 / 谏而剖腹
* 謀而後動 / 谋而后动
* 謔而不虐 / 谑而不虐 (xuè'érbùnüè)
* 譎而不正 / 谲而不正
* 貧而樂道 / 贫而乐道
* 貪而無信 / 贪而无信
* 貧而無諂 / 贫而无谄
* 質而不俚 / 质而不俚
* 起而效尤
* 趁虛而入 / 趁虚而入 (chènxū'érrù)
* 踽踽而行
* 蹺足而待 / 跷足而待
* 輕而易舉 / 轻而易举 (qīng'éryìjǔ)
* 迎刃而解 (yíngrèn'érjiě)
* 述而不作 (shù'érbùzuò)
* 迫而察之
* 迷而不反
* 迷而不返
* 迷而知反
* 迷而知返
* 道而不徑 / 道而不径
* 過而能改 / 过而能改
* 適可而止 / 适可而止 (shìkě'érzhǐ)
* 遵而不失
* 避而不談 / 避而不谈 (bì'érbùtán)
* 重足而立
* 量力而為 / 量力而为 (liànglì'érwéi)
* 量力而行 (liànglì'érxíng)
* 鋌而走險 / 铤而走险 (tǐng'érzǒuxiǎn)
* 錯身而過 / 错身而过
* 鍥而不捨 / 锲而不舍 (qiè'érbùshě)
* 鍥而不舍 / 锲而不舍 (qiè'érbùshě)
* 鎩羽而歸 / 铩羽而归 (shāyǔ'érguī)
* 長驅而入 / 长驱而入
* 隨寓而安 / 随寓而安
* 隨機而變 / 随机而变
* 隨踵而至 / 随踵而至
* 隨遇而安 / 随遇而安 (suíyù'ér'ān)
* 雞鳴而起 / 鸡鸣而起
* 面牆而立 / 面墙而立
* 韞櫝而藏 / 韫椟而藏
* 順風而呼 / 顺风而呼
* 頓衣而走 / 顿衣而走
* 顛倒而行 / 颠倒而行
* 顛而倒之 / 颠而倒之
* 顯而易見 / 显而易见 (xiǎn'éryìjiàn)
* 食而不化
* 食言而肥 (shíyán'érféi)
* 飲恨而終 / 饮恨而终 (yǐnhèn'érzhōng)
* 騰空而起 / 腾空而起 (téngkōng'érqǐ)
* 高枕而眠
* 高枕而臥 / 高枕而卧
* 高而不危
* 鬥而鑄兵 / 斗而铸兵
* 鬥而鑄錐 / 斗而铸锥
* 魚爛而亡 / 鱼烂而亡
* 魚貫而入 / 鱼贯而入
* 魚貫而出 / 鱼贯而出
* 魚貫而行 / 鱼贯而行
* 魚貫而進 / 鱼贯而进
* 鳴琴而治 / 鸣琴而治
* 鳴鼓而攻 / 鸣鼓而攻
* 鼎足而立
* 鼓盆而歌
* 鼓腹而遊 / 鼓腹而游
* 齎志而歿 / 赍志而殁

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “而”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 60.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: に (ni)
* Kan-on: じ (ji)
* Kun: しこうして (shikōshite, 而して)、しかして (shikashite, 而して)、しかも (shikamo, 而も)、しかるに (shikaruni, 而るに)、しかれども (shikaredomo, 而れども)、すなわち (sunawachi, 而ち)、なんじ (nanji, 而)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 而
* じ Jinmeiyō
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 而 (MC nyi).

### Compounds

* 追而(おって) (otte)
* 似而非(にてひ) (nitehi)
* 而已(のみ) (nomi)

### Affix

而(じ) • (ji)
* Calque of Literary Chinese 而 (ér): and, then, thus

#### Derived terms

* 而(じ)立(りつ) (jiritsu)
* 形(けい)而(じ)下(か) (keijika)
* 形(けい)而(じ)上(じょう) (keijijō)

## Korean
### Hanja

而 (eumhun 말 이을 이 (mal ieul i))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
而 (eumhun 능히 능 (neunghi neung))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

而: Hán Việt readings: nhi, năng
而: Nôm readings: nhi
* (Literary Chinese) and, and then

### References

* 1 2 Trần (1999).