# temperatura
## Asturian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin temperātūra.

### Noun

temperatura f (plural temperatures)
* temperature

## Catalan
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin temperātūra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [təm.pə.ɾəˈtu.ɾə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [tem.pe.ɾaˈtu.ɾa]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

temperatura f (plural temperatures)
* temperature

#### Related terms

* temperar

### Further reading

* “temperatura” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “temperatura”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “temperatura” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “temperatura” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Galician
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin temperātūra.

### Noun

temperatura f (plural temperaturas)
* temperature

### Further reading

* “temperatura”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin temperātūra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tem.pe.raˈtu.ra/
* Rhymes: -ura
* Hyphenation: tem‧pe‧ra‧tù‧ra

### Noun

temperatura f (plural temperature)
* temperature (a measure of cold or hot, of a body or environment)

#### Related terms

* termo-
* -termia

#### See also

* febbre
* caldo
* freddo
* fresco
* grado

## Latin
### Etymology

From temperō (“divide duly, mix in due proportion”) +‎ -tūra.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /tem.pe.raːˈtuː.ra/, [t̪ɛmpɛräːˈt̪uːrä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /tem.pe.raˈtu.ra/, [t̪emperäˈt̪uːrä]

### Noun

temperātūra f (genitive temperātūrae); first declension
* due or proper measure, proportion, composition or quality
* (physics, New Latin) temperature

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Related terms

* temperō

#### Descendants

* Inherited:
** Occitan: tempradura
* Borrowed:
** → Asturian: temperatura
** → Catalan: temperatura
** → English: temperature
** → French: température
** → Galician: temperatura
** → German: Temperatur
** → Italian: temperatura
** → Norman: tempéthatuthe
** → Norwegian Bokmål: temperatur
** → Occitan: temperatura
** → Portuguese: temperatura
** → Romanian: temperatură
** → Russian: температура (temperatura)
** → Serbo-Croatian: temperatúra / температу́ра
** → Sicilian: timpiratura
** → Slovene: temperatura
** → Spanish: temperatura
** → Venetan: tenperadura

### References

* “temperatura”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* temperatura in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Maltese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Italian temperatura.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɛm.pɛ.raˈtuː.ra/

### Noun

temperatura f (plural temperaturi)
* temperature

#### Related terms

* intemperanza
* mezzutemp
* temp
* temperament
* temperamentali
* temperanza
* temperat
* tempesta
* tempestuż
* temporanjament
* temporanju

## Occitan
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin temperātūra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tempeɾaˈtyɾo]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

temperatura f (plural temperaturas)
* temperature

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from French température. First attested in the 16th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɛm.pɛ.raˈtu.ra/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /tɛm.pɛ.raˈtu.ra/, /tem.pɛ.raˈtu.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ura
* Syllabification: tem‧pe‧ra‧tu‧ra

### Noun

temperatura f (diminutive temperaturka, related adjective temperaturowy)
* temperature (measure of cold or heat, often measurable with a thermometer)
* temperature (state of heat of an organism or of one's body)
    Synonym: ciepłota
* temperature (elevated body temperature, as present in fever and many illnesses)
    Synonym: gorączka
* temperature (intensity of something, especially of emotions; general mood)
    Synonym: nastrój
* temperature (strong emotions)

#### Derived terms

* temperatura punktu rosy

#### Descendants

* → Kashubian: temperatura
* → Silesian: tymperatura

### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), temperatura is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 71 times in scientific texts, 25 times in news, 2 times in essays, 2 times in fiction, and 2 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 102 times, making it the 620th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### References

* ↑ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “temperatura”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
* ↑ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “temperatura”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “temperatura”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 600

### Further reading

* temperatura in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* temperatura in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Magdalena Majdak (15.11.2021) “TEMPERATURA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “temperatura”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “temperatura”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 42
* temperatura in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin temperātūra.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /tẽ.pe.ɾaˈtu.ɾɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /tẽ.pe.ɾaˈtu.ɾɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /tẽ.pe.ɾaˈtu.ɾa/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tẽ.pɨ.ɾɐˈtu.ɾɐ/
** (Northeast Brazil) IPA: /tẽpɛɾaˈtuɾɐ/

### Noun

temperatura f (plural temperaturas)
* temperature (a measure of cold or hot)

#### Related terms

* temperar

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin temperātūra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /temperatǔːra/
* Hyphenation: tem‧pe‧ra‧tu‧ra

### Noun

temperatúra f (Cyrillic spelling температу́ра)
* temperature

#### Declension
## Slovene
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin temperātūra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɛmpɛratúːra/

### Noun

temperatȗra f
* temperature (a measure of cold or hot)

#### Inflection
## Spanish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin temperātūra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tempeɾaˈtuɾa/ [t̪ẽm.pe.ɾaˈt̪u.ɾa]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -uɾa
* Syllabification: tem‧pe‧ra‧tu‧ra

### Noun

temperatura f (plural temperaturas)
* temperature

#### Derived terms

* escala de temperaturas
* grado de temperatura
* temperatura ambiente
* temperatura de transición vítrea

#### Related terms

* temperar

### Further reading

* “temperatura”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Spanish temperatura.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /tempeɾaˈtuɾa/ [t̪ɛm.pɛ.ɾɐˈt̪uː.ɾɐ]
* Rhymes: -uɾa
* Syllabification: tem‧pe‧ra‧tu‧ra

### Noun

temperatura (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜋ᜔ᜉᜒᜇᜆᜓᜇ)
* temperature
    Synonym: kaintan

#### See also

* init

## Turkmen
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Russian температура (temperatura), from Latin temperātūra.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: tem‧pe‧ra‧tu‧ra

### Noun

temperatura (definite accusative temperaturany, plural temperaturalar)
* temperature

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “temperatura” in Enedilim.com
* “temperatura” in Webonary.org

## Uzbek
### Noun

temperatura (plural temperaturalar)
* temperature