# چرخ
## Iraqi Arabic
### Etymology

From Persian چرخ (čarx, “wheel”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃarix/

### Noun

چرخ (čarix) m
* wheel

#### Derived terms

* چرخچي (čarxači)
* چراخ (čarrāx)

## Khalaj
### Noun

چَرخ (çarx) (definite accusative چَرخؽ, plural چَرخلار)
* Arabic spelling of çarx (“wheel”)

#### Declension
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* چرق (çark)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian چرخ (čarx, “wheel”), from Middle Persian 𐫝𐫍𐫡 (chr /⁠čahr⁠/, “wheel, cycle”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *čaxrám.

### Noun

چرخ • (çarh, çark)
* wheel, a circular device capable of rotating on its axis
    Synonyms: تكرلك (tekerlek), عجله (ʿacele)
* (in general) rotation, turning, circular motion of any kind
* (by extension) machine, any device that directs and controls energy
    Synonym: ماكینه (makina)
* crossbow, a mechanised weapon based on the bow and arrow
    Synonym: زنبرك (zenberek)
* catapult, any device or weapon for throwing or launching large objects
    Synonym: منجنیق (mancınık)

#### Derived terms

* چرخ ایشی (çarh işi, “machine-work, lathe-work”)
* چرخ فلك (çarh-ı felek, “Catherine wheel”)
* چرخاب (çarhab, “Persian water-wheel”)
* چرخجی (çarhcı, “engineer”)
* چرخزن (çarhzen, “crossbow man”)
* چرخلتمق (çarhlatmak, “to make or let be turned”)
* چرخلمق (çarhlamak, “to turn or work in a lathe”)
* چرخلنمق (çarhlanmak, “to be turned or worked in a lathe”)
* چرخلو (çarhlı, “provided with wheels”)
* چرخه طوتمق (çarha tutmak, “to meet with misfortunes”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: çark
* → Albanian: çark

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “çark2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 890
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “çarh”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 185
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “چرخ”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 469
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Rota”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1491
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “چرخ”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1599
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “çark”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “چرخ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 717b

## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐫝𐫍𐫡 (chr /⁠čahr⁠/, “wheel, cycle”), from Proto-Iranian *čaxrám (compare Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀 (caxra, “wheel”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám (compare Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá)), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“wheel, circle”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [t͡ʃaɾx]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäɾx]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäɾx]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäɾx]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäɾx]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰæɹx]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäɾχ]

### Noun

| Dari | چرخ |
| Iranian Persian | چرخ |
| Tajik | чарх |
چَرْخ • (čarx) (plural چرخ‌ها (čarx-hâ))
* wheel
* cart
* sewing machine
    Synonym: چرخ خیاطی (čarx xayyâti)
* (dialectal) spool, pulley
* (poetic) sky
* (rare) circle

#### Derived terms

* دوچرخه (dočarxe, “bicycle”)
* چرخاب (čarxâb)
* چرخان (čarxân)
* چرخدار (čarx-dâr)
* چرخه (čarxe, “spinning-wheel, cycle”)
* چرخچی (čarxči, “carter”)
* چرخک (čarxak)
* چرخیدن (čarxidan, “to rotate, to spin”)
* چرخ‌انداز (čarx-andâz)
* چرخ‌خورده (čarx-xorde)
* چرخ‌ساز (čarx-sâz)

#### Descendants

* → Arabic:
    Iraqi Arabic: چرخ (čarx)
* → Middle Armenian: չարխ (čʻarx)
** Armenian: չարխ (čʻarx)
* → Azerbaijani: çarx
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: चरख़ा (carxā)
    Urdu: چَرْخَہ (carxa)
** → English: charkha
* → Khalaj: çarx
* → Georgian: ჩარხი (čarxi)
* → Ottoman Turkish: چرخ (çarh), چرق (çark)
** Turkish: çark
** → Albanian: çark
* → Yagnobi: чарх (čarx)