# section
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English seccioun, from Old French section, from Latin sectiō (“cutting, cutting off, excision, amputation of diseased parts of the body, etc.”), from sectus, past participle of secāre (“to cut”). More at saw.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: sĕk′shən, IPA: /ˈsɛkʃən/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛkʃən
* Hyphenation: sec‧tion

### Noun

section (plural sections)
* A cutting; a part cut out from the rest of something.
* A part, piece, subdivision of anything.
** 2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21:Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic […]. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. […] But the scandals kept coming, and so we entered stage three – what therapists call "bargaining". A broad section of the political class now recognises the need for change but remains unable to see the necessity of a fundamental overhaul. Instead it offers fixes and patches.
** (music) A group of instruments in an orchestra.
    The horn section is the group of symphonic musicians who play the French horn.
* A part of a document, especially a major part; often notated with §.
* An act or instance of cutting.
* A cross-section (image that shows an object as if cut along a plane).
** 1971, Gwen White, Antique Toys And Their Background, page 59:Japan and China also produced Noah's arks, where Noah was known as Fohi. They were of wood and beautifully decorated, the animals being bright in color and usually flat in section and fixed to flat stands.
** (aviation) A cross-section perpendicular the longitudinal axis of an aircraft in flight.
** (topology) A function that generalizes the notion of the graph of a function; formally, a continuous right inverse to the projection map of a fiber bundle.
** (generalizing the topology sense, algebra, category theory) A right inverse of a morphism in some category
    Coordinate term: retraction Synonym: split monomorphism
** (generalizing the topology sense in a different way, sheaf theory) An object which is defined by analogy with sections of fiber bundles but in a more general setting (that of sheaves). Formally, an element of the image of an open set under the action of a (pre-)sheaf.
    Hyponym: global section
* (surgery) An incision or the act of making an incision.
** (surgery, colloquial) Short for Caesarean section.
*** 2021, Dr Philippa Kaye, Doctors Get Cancer Too, Vie Books, page 143:They had planned to go into my section scar but the surgeon didnʼt think he could see well enough.
* (sciences) thin section, a thin slice of material prepared as a specimen for research.
* (botany) A taxonomic rank below the genus (and subgenus if present), but above the species.
* (zoology) An informal taxonomic rank below the order ranks and above the family ranks.
* (military) A group of 10-15 soldiers led by a non-commissioned officer and forming part of a platoon.
* (New Zealand) A piece of residential land; a plot.
* (US, Canada, law and land surveying) Synonym of square mile, a unit of land area, especially in the contexts of Canadian surveys and American land grants and legal property descriptions.
* The symbol §, denoting a section of a document.
* (geology) A sequence of rock layers.
* (archaeology) Archeological section; vertical plane and cross-section of the ground to view its profile and stratigraphy; part of an archeological sequence.
* (technology) Angle section, L-section, angle iron, steel angle, slotted angle.
* (Philippines, education) A class in a school; a group of students in a regularly scheduled meeting with a teacher in a certain school year or semester or school quarter year.

#### Synonyms

* (botany, zoology): sectio
* (piece created by cutting): cutting, slice
* (any piece): division, part, slice, piece, snippet

#### Antonyms

* whole

#### Hyponyms

* block section
* cross section
* dead section
* half section
* horn section
* neutral section
* quarter section
* string section

#### Coordinate terms

* (square mile when described as a 'section'): acre (1/640 section), quarter-section (¼ section), labor (¼ section in Texan contexts)

#### Coordinate terms

* (aviation): waterline, buttock line

#### Derived terms

* abdominal section
* bisection
* brass section
* configuration section
* conic section
* cosection
* critical section
* cryosection
* C-section
* dissection
* downsection
* ecosection
* file section
* golden section
* hemisection
* histosection
* hypersection
* infrasection
* input-output section
* invariant section
* knothole section
* linkage section
* microsection
* midsection
* multisection
* neutron cross section
* nosebleed section
* odontosection
* presection
* rhythm section
* section 104 holding
* section 8
* sectionable
* sectional
* sectionary
* section automatic weapon
* section beam
* section break
* sectionectomy
* section-house
* sectionize
* sectionless
* section liner
* sectionman
* section sign
* sectionwide
* subsection
* supersection
* tee-section
* thin section
* time section
* trisection
* trisectionectomy
* T-section
* undersection
* upsection
* vibrosection
* working-storage section
* x-section

#### Related terms

* bisect
* dissect
* insect
* intersect
* prosect
* resect
* secant
* sect
* sectarian
* sectary
* section grid
* section road
* sector
* segment
* trisect

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Verb

section (third-person singular simple present sections, present participle sectioning, simple past and past participle sectioned) (transitive)
* To cut, divide or separate into pieces.
* To reduce to the degree of thinness required for study with the microscope.
* (UK, Australia, New Zealand) To commit (a person) to a hospital for mental health treatment as an involuntary patient. So called after various sections of legal acts regarding mental health.
** 1998, Diana Gittins, Madness in its Place: Narratives of Severalls Hospital, 1913-1997, Routledge, →ISBN, page 45:Tribunals were set up as watchdogs in cases of compulsory detention (sectioning). […] Informal patients, however, could be sectioned, and this was often a fear of patients once they were in hospital.
** a. 2000, Lucy Johnstone, Users and Abusers of Psychiatry: A Critical Look at Psychiatric Practice, Second edition, Routledge, published 2000, →ISBN, page xiv:The doctor then sectioned her, making her an involuntary patient, and had her moved to a secure ward.
** 2006, Mairi Colme, A Divine Dance of Madness, Chipmunkapublishing, →ISBN, page 5:After explaining that for 7 years, from ’88 to ’95, I was permanently sectioned under the Mental Health act, robbed of my freedom, my integrity, my rights, I wrote at the time;- […]
    Synonym: (Australia) schedule
* (medicine) To perform a cesarean section on (someone).
** 2012, Anne Fraser, St. Piran's: Daredevil, Doctor...Dad!, Harlequin, page 16:"But if she's gone into active labour she could be bleeding massively and you may have to section her there and then."
** 2008, Murray et al, Labor and Delivery Nursing: Guide to Evidence-Based Practice, Springer Publishing Company, page 57:
    You may hear a physician say, "I don't want to section her until the baby declares itself."

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “section”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “section”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “section”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Anagrams

* ecotins, noetics, notices

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sectiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɛk.sjɔ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

section f (plural sections)
* section (all meanings)

### Further reading

* “section”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* notices

## Interlingua
### Etymology

From secar +‎ -ion, alternatively from Latin sectiō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sekˈti̯on/

### Noun

section (plural sectiones)
* (act of) cutting
* (surgery) section (all meanings)
* section
** separation by cutting
** portion, division, subdivision
** (natural history, military, etc.) section
* (geometry, drawing, etc.) section

#### Derived terms

* dissection
* intersection
* resection
* sectionar
* trisection
* vivisection