# realm
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English rewme, realme, reaume, from Old French reaume, realme (“kingdom”), of unclear origins. A postulated *rēgālimen (“domain, kingdom”), Late Latin or Vulgar Latin cross of regimen with rēgālis is usually cited.
The modern pronunciation with /l/ is either a spelling pronunciation or influenced by the etymology.

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US) enPR: rĕlm, IPA: /ɹɛlm/
* (Early Modern) IPA: /rɛːm/, /rɛlm/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛlm

### Noun

realm (plural realms)
* An abstract sphere of influence, real or imagined.
** 1907, Tada Kanai, “The World and How to Pass Through It”, in Arthur Lloyd, transl., Seven Buddhist Sermons:Why should we despise anything in the realm of Buddha?
** 2006 November 22, Christian Neef, “Diary of a Collapsing Superpower”, in Spiegel Magazine:At home in Moscow, Mikhail Sergeyevitch Gorbachev, who had launched a campaign to rejuvenate the Soviet realm […]
** 2013 May 17, George Monbiot, “Money just makes the rich suffer”, in The Guardian Weekly‎, volume 188, number 23, page 19:In order to grant the rich these pleasures, the social contract is reconfigured. […] The public realm is privatised, the regulations restraining the ultra-wealthy and the companies they control are abandoned, and Edwardian levels of inequality are almost fetishised.
* The domain of a certain abstraction.
** 1922, Judson Eber Conant, “Truth Must be Classified Scientifically”, in The Church The Schools and Evolution:One thing more which the scientific man does is to accord primacy to that realm of truth which is primary in importance.
* (computing) A scope of operation in networking or security.
* (formal or law) A territory or state, as ruled by a specific power, especially by a king.
** 1874, Horatio Alger, “Chapter XXXI”, in Brave and Bold:And, of this island realm, he and his companion were the undisputed sovereigns.
** 1913, Leslie Alexander Toke, Catholic Encyclopedia, "St. Dunstan",
    Then seeing his life was threatened he fled the realm and crossed over to Flanders, […]
* (fantasy, roleplaying games) An otherworldly dimension or domain — magical, ethereal, or otherwise — usually ruled or created by a mystical character.
* (virology, taxonomy) A taxonomic rank in the phylogeny of viruses, higher than kingdoms.

#### Synonyms

* (a territory or state): country, land, kingdom
* (a sphere of activity or influence): field, province

#### Derived terms

* abjuration of the realm
* abjure the realm
* abstract realm
* coin of the realm
* Commonwealth realm
* custom of the realm
* Eastern Realm
* experience realm
* floristic realm
* hell realm
* Ice Realm
* Indomalayan realm
* in the realm of shades
* Northern Realm
* Oriental realm
* peer of the realm
* realm of fantasy
* realm of possibility
* realm of the dead
* Schengen realm
* shadow realm
* Snow Realm
* Southern Realm
* Western Realm

#### Translations

Arabic: please add this translation if you can
Armenian: թագավորություն (hy) (tʻagavorutʻyun)
Basque: erresuma, erreinu
Bulgarian: царство (bg) n (carstvo)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 王国 (zh) (wángguó), 領域 / 领域 (zh) (lǐngyù)
Czech: říše (cs) f
Danish: rige n
Dutch: rijk (nl) n, koninkrijk (nl) n
Egyptian: (tꜣ)
Esperanto: regno (eo)
Finnish: valtakunta (fi), kuningaskunta (fi)
French: royaume (fr) m
Galician: reino (gl) m
Georgian: სამეფო (samepo), სამფლობელო (samplobelo)
German: Reich (de) n, Königreich (de) n, Kaiserreich (de) n
Greek: βασίλειο (el) n (vasíleio), κράτος (el) n (krátos)
Hebrew: ממלכה (he) f (mamlakha)
Hungarian: birodalom (hu)
Icelandic: ríki (is) n
Irish: flaitheas m
Italian: reame (it) m, regno (it) m
Japanese: 王国 (ja) (おうこく, ōkoku)
Kazakh: әмірлік (ämırlık), корольдік (koroldık), патшалық (patşalyq)
Latin: rēgnum (la) n
Macedonian: кралство n (kralstvo), царство n (carstvo)
Maori: rangatiratanga (mi)
Middle English: seignurie
Mongolian: вант улс (vant uls)
Nahuatl: hueyitlahtohcayotl
Northern Sami: riika
Norwegian:
Bokmål: rike (no) n
Nynorsk: rike n
Old English: rīċe n, cynedōm m
Old Prussian: rīki
Polish: królestwo (pl) n
Portuguese: reino (pt) m
Russian: короле́вство (ru) n (korolévstvo), ца́рство (ru) n (cárstvo)
Spanish: reino (es) m, realme (es) m (disused)
Swedish: rike (sv) n
Telugu: రాజ్యం (te) (rājyaṁ)
Ukrainian: королі́вство (uk) (korolívstvo), ца́рство (uk) (cárstvo)
Welsh: cyfoeth m, cyfoethau m pl :
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### References

* ↑ Dobson, E. J. (1957) English pronunciation 1500-1700‎, second edition, volume II: Phonology, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1968, →OCLC, § 8, page 475.

### Anagrams

* Maler, Lamer, meral, Lemar, lamer, Armel, maerl, Almer, maler, marle, Lerma