# podium
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin podium, from Ancient Greek πόδιον (pódion, “base”), a diminutive of πούς (poús, “foot”). Doublet of pew.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈpəʊ.di.əm/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US, Canada) IPA: /ˈpoʊ.di.əm/
* (UK) IPA: /ˈpəʉ.di.əm/
* Rhymes: -əʊdiəm

### Noun

podium (plural podiums or podia)
* A platform on which to stand, as when conducting an orchestra or preaching at a pulpit; any low platform or dais.
* (sometimes proscribed) A stand used to hold notes when speaking publicly.
* (sports and other competitions) A steepled platform upon which the three competitors with the best results may stand when being handed their medals or prize.
* (sports) A result amongst the best three at a competition.
** 2020 September 13, Andrew Benson, “Tuscan Grand Prix: Lewis Hamilton claims 90th win after incredible race”, in BBC Sport‎:Red Bull's Thai-British driver Alex Albon took a maiden podium in third.
* A low wall, serving as a foundation, a substructure, or a terrace wall.
** The dwarf wall surrounding the arena of an amphitheatre, from the top of which the seats began.
** The masonry under the stylobate of a temple, sometimes a mere foundation, sometimes containing chambers.
* The lower portion of a high-rise building, typically of several storeys tall and acts as a foundation to the tower(s) above it.
* (botany, anatomy) A foot or footstalk.

#### Usage notes

* Some people object to the “stand for holding notes” sense on the grounds that because of its etymology, podium ought to refer to something that is stood upon (or that at least pertains to the feet in some way), and that lectern should be used instead, as it refers to “reading”. However, this use is well established in US English and reported without comment in US dictionaries.

#### Synonyms

* (stand used to hold notes when speaking publicly): lectern

#### Derived terms

* podium position
* podium sweep

#### Translations
### Verb

podium (third-person singular simple present podiums, present participle podiuming, simple past and past participle podiumed)
* (intransitive, sports, colloquial) To finish in the top three at an event or competition.
    The swimmer podiumed three times at the Olympics.

#### See also

* final
* medal

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin podium, from Ancient Greek πόδιον (pódion, “base”), a diminutive of πούς (poús, “foot”). Doublet of pui.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpoː.di.(j)ʏm/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

podium n (plural podia or podiums, diminutive podiumpje n)
* (art) stage
* (particularly sports) podium

#### Derived terms

* erepodium
* hoofdpodium
* podiumbeest
* podiumkunst
* poppodium

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: podium

### Further reading

* “podium” in Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin podium. Doublet of puy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔ.djɔm/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

podium m (plural podiums or podia)
* podium

#### Descendants

* → Turkish: podyum

### Further reading

* “podium”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek πόδιον (pódion, “base”), from diminutive of πούς (poús, “foot”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpo.di.um/, [ˈpɔd̪iʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpo.di.um/, [ˈpɔːd̪ium]

### Noun

podium n (genitive podiī or podī); second declension
* balcony, especially in an amphitheatre

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Descendants

* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: poggio
** Sicilian: poju
* Padanian:
** Emilian: peusc
** Gallo-Italic of Sicily: poju, puoju
** Ligurian: péuzzo
** Romagnol: pògg
    ⇒ Romagnol: puzol
** Venetan: podo, poxo
* Northern Gallo-Romance:
** Middle French: puie
*** → Middle English: pewe, pew, puwe
**** English: pew
**** Scots: pew
*** French: puy (“mountain”)
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** Aragonese: pueyo; pui
** Catalan: puig, pui (“mountain, hill, peak”)
    ⇒ Catalan: pujol (“hill”), Pujol
** Gascon: puei
** Languedocien: puèg, puòg
** Limousin: pueg
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: poyu
** Old Galician-Portuguese: poio
*** Galician: poio
*** Portuguese: poio
** Old Spanish: poyo
*** Spanish: poyo (“bench”)
* Borrowings
** → Aragonese: podio
** → Asturian: podiu
** → Catalan: podi
** → Czech: pódium
** → English: podium
** → French: podium
*** → Turkish: podyum
** → Galician: podio
** → German: Podium
** → Hungarian: pódium
** → Italian: podio
** → Occitan: podiòm
** → Polish: podium
** → Portuguese: pódio
** → Romanian: podium, podiu
** → Spanish: podio, pódium

### References

* “podium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “podium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* podium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* podium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “podium”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
* “podium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “podium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpʰuːdɪʉm]

### Noun

podium n (definite singular podiet, indefinite plural podier, definite plural podia or podiene)
* podium
* a dais, raised platform

### References

* “podium” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

podium n (definite singular podiet, indefinite plural podium, definite plural podia)
* podium
* a dais, raised platform

### References

* “podium” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin podium.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɔ.djum/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔdjum
* Syllabification: po‧dium

### Noun

podium n
* (architecture) podium

#### Declension
### Further reading

* podium in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* podium in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin podium.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpo.djum/

### Noun

podium n (plural podiumuri)
* podium

#### Declension
### Further reading

* podium in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Swedish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin podium.

### Noun

podium n
* podium

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | podium | podiums |
| singular | definite | podiet | podiets |
| plural | indefinite | podier | podiers |
| plural | definite | podierna | podiernas |

### References

* podium in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* podium in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* podium in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)