# 蕪

| 蕪 | U+856A, &#34154; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-856A |
| ← 蕩 [U+8569] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蕫 → [U+856B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蕪 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+12, 18 strokes, cangjie input 廿人廿火 (TOTF), four-corner 4433$_1$, composition ⿱艹無)

#### Derived characters

* 𦢲

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1059, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32004
* Dae Jaweon: page 1522, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3291, character 8
* Unihan data for U+856A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 蕪
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 墲 | *m̥ʰaː, *maː, *ma |
| 橅 | *maː |
| 膴 | *hmaː, *ma, *maʔ |
| 幠 | *hmaː |
| 鄦 | *hmaʔ |
| 撫 | *m̥ʰaʔ |
| 無 | *ma |
| 瞴 | *ma, *maʔ |
| 蕪 | *ma |
| 璑 | *ma |
| 鷡 | *ma |
| 譕 | *ma |
| 憮 | *ma, *maʔ |
| 舞 | *maʔ |
| 廡 | *maʔ |
| 嫵 | *maʔ |
| 甒 | *maʔ |
| 潕 | *maʔ |
| 儛 | *maʔ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wú (wu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mou$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bû
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wú
*** Zhuyin: ㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wú
*** Wade–Giles: wu$^2$
*** Yale: wú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wu
*** Palladius: у (u)
*** Sinological IPA : /u³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mou$^4$
*** Yale: mòuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mou$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mou̯²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bû
*** Tâi-lô: bû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: buu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bu²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /bu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bu¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /bu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bu²³/
* Middle Chinese: mju
Rime :
| Character | 蕪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 武夫切 |
| Baxter | mju |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /mio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /muə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /mio/ |
| Wang Li | /mĭu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /mi̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mou$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m(r)a/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ma/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 蕪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mju › |
| Old Chinese | /*m(r)a/ |
| English | overgrown with weeds |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蕪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13120 |
| Phonetic component | 無 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 無 |
| Old Chinese | /*ma/ |

### Definitions

蕪 (literary or in compounds)
* full of weed; overgrown with weed [from Old Chinese]
    From: Tao Te Ching, 4th century BCE
    Cháo shèn chú, tián shèn wú, cāng shèn xū. [Pinyin]
    The court is very well-kept, but the fields are much overgrown with weed and the granaries are truly empty.
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Céng bù zhī xià zhī wèi qiū xī, shú liǎng dōng mén zhī kě wú? [Pinyin]
    Who would ever have known that the royal mounds would turn into hillocks, and that the two eastern gates could become overgrown with weed?
* disused cropland; thickly-grown grassland; weed-choked land [from Old Chinese]
* (figurative) of a turgid literary style [from Middle Chinese]

### Compounds

* 刪蕪就簡 / 删芜就简
* 去蕪存菁 / 去芜存菁 (qùwúcúnjīng)
* 平蕪 / 平芜
* 榛蕪 / 榛芜
* 疏蕪 / 疏芜
* 綠蕪 / 绿芜
* 繁蕪 / 繁芜
* 舉要刪蕪 / 举要删芜
* 荒蕪 / 荒芜 (huāngwú)
* 蕪俚 / 芜俚
* 蕪劣 / 芜劣
* 蕪淺 / 芜浅
* 蕪湖 / 芜湖 (Wúhú)
* 蕪穢 / 芜秽 (wúhuì)
* 蕪累 / 芜累
* 蕪菁 / 芜菁 (wújīng)
* 蕃蕪 / 蕃芜
* 蕪雜 / 芜杂 (wúzá)
* 蕪駁 / 芜驳
* 薞蕪 / 薞芜 (sūnwú)
* 蘅蕪 / 蘅芜
* 蘼蕪 / 蘼芜 (míwú)
* 青蕪 / 青芜

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* turnip

#### Readings

* Go-on: む (mu)
* Kan-on: ぶ (bu)
* Kun: かぶ (kabu, 蕪)、かぶら (kabura, 蕪)、あれる (areru, 蕪れる)

#### Compounds

* 赤蕪(あかかぶ) (akakabu)
* 蕪菁(かぶら) (kabura): turnip
* 蕪菜(かぶな) (kabuna), 蕪菜(かぶらな) (kaburana): turnip
* 蕪鮨(かぶらずし) (kaburazushi)
* 蕪菜(かぶらな) (kaburana)
* 蕪無(かぶらなし) (kaburanashi)
* 蕪引(かぶらひ)き (kaburahiki)
* 蕪骨(かぶらぼね) (kaburabone)
* 蕪蒸(かぶらむ)し (kaburamushi)
* 菊花蕪(きくかかぶ) (kikukakabu)
* 荒蕪(こうぶ) (kōbu)
* 小蕪(こかぶ) (kokabu), 小蕪菁(こかぶ) (kokabu)
* 聖護院蕪菁(しょうごいんかぶら) (shōgoinkabura)
* スウェーデン蕪(かぶ) (suwēdenkabu)
* 天王寺蕪(てんのうじかぶら) (tennōjikabura)
* 繁蕪(はんぶ) (hanbu)
* 蕪穢(ぶあい) (buai)
* 蕪稿(ぶこう) (bukō)
* 蕪雑(ぶざつ) (buzatsu)
* 蕪辞(ぶじ) (buji)
* 蕪陋(ぶろう) (burō)
* 平蕪(へいぶ) (heibu)
* 和布蕪(めかぶ) (mekabu)
* 和布蕪(めかぶら) (mekabura)
* 緑蕪(りょくぶ) (ryokubu): lush green grass or weeds

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 蕪
* かぶ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かぶ [kàbú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠bɯ̟]

#### Noun

蕪(かぶ) • (kabu)
* turnip

##### Synonyms

* 蕪菜(かぶな) (kabuna), 菘(すずな) (suzuna), (archaic) 青菜(あおな) (aona)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 蕪
* かぶら Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 蕪菁

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かぶら [kàbúrá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠bɯ̟ɾa̠]

#### Noun

蕪(かぶら) • (kabura)
* turnip

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

蕪 • (mu) (hangeul 무, revised mu, McCune–Reischauer mu, Yale mu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

蕪: Hán Nôm readings: vu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.