# 菘

| 菘 | U+83D8, &#33752; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83D8 |
| ← 菗 [U+83D7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 菙 → [U+83D9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

菘 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿木金戈 (TDCI), four-corner 4493$_2$, composition ⿱艹松)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1038, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31177
* Dae Jaweon: page 1496, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3231, character 1
* Unihan data for U+83D8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 慃 | *qroːŋʔ |
| 袞 | *kluːnʔ |
| 蔉 | *kluːnʔ |
| 滾 | *kluːnʔ |
| 忩 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 鬆 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ |
| 凇 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 公 | *kloːŋ |
| 蚣 | *kloːŋ, *kljoŋ |
| 翁 | *qloːŋ |
| 螉 | *qloːŋ |
| 蓊 | *qloːŋ, *qloːŋʔ |
| 嗡 | *qloːŋ |
| 滃 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 暡 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 勜 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 塕 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 瓮 | *qloːŋs |
| 崧 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 菘 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 硹 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 淞 | *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 蜙 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 倯 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 松 | *sɢloŋ |
| 訟 | *sɢloŋ, *sɢloŋs |
| 頌 | *sɢloŋs, *loŋ |
| 忪 | *kljoŋ |
| 彸 | *kljoŋ |
| 衳 | *kljoŋ |
| 伀 | *kljoŋ |
| 妐 | *kljoŋ |
| 炂 | *kljoŋ |
| 鈆 | *kljoŋ, *lon |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sōng (song$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sung$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: song
*** Wade–Giles: sung$^1$
*** Yale: sūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: song
*** Palladius: сун (sun)
*** Sinological IPA : /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sung$^1$
*** Yale: sūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: sjuwng
Rime :
| Character | 菘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (2) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 息弓切 |
| Baxter | sjuwng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨuŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siuŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /siuŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /suwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /siuŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭuŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯uŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰluŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 菘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4106 |
| Phonetic component | 公 |
| Rime group | 終 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嵩 |
| Old Chinese | /*sqʰluŋ/ |

### Definitions

菘
* Synonym of 白菜 (báicài)

### Compounds

* 紫菘 (Zǐsōng)
* 臭菘 (chòusōng)
* 菘菜

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: すう (sū)
* Kan-on: しゅう (shū)
* Kun: すずな (suzuna, 菘)、とうな (tōna, 菘)

#### Compounds

* 菘(しゅう)圃(ほ) (shūho)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 菘
* すずな Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 鈴菜
Compound of 鈴 (suzu, “bell”) +‎ 菜 (na, “greens”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) すずな [sùzúná] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [sɨzɨna̠]

### Noun

菘(すずな) • (suzuna)
* turnip
    Hypernym: 春の七草
    Coordinate terms: 芹, 薺, 御形, 繁縷, 仏の座, 菘, 蘿蔔

#### Synonyms

* 蕪(かぶ) (kabu), 蕪(かぶ)菜(な) (kabuna)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

菘 • (sung) (hangeul 숭, revised sung, McCune–Reischauer sung, Yale swung)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.