# 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *drōbijaną (“to disturb”), from *drōbuz (“turbid, disturbed, troubled”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdroːbjan/, [ˈdroːβjan]

### Verb

𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (drōbjan)
* (transitive) to trouble, worry, upset
** Galatians 1:7:
    𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍂; 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳 𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌽𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌹 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍃þatei nist anþar; alja sumai sind þai drōbjandans izwis, jah wiljandans inwandjan aiwaggēli xristausWhich is not another; but there be some that trouble you, and would pervert the gospel of Christ. (KJV)
** Galatians 5:10b, 12:
    𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌰 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌹 𐌸𐍉 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌸𐌰, 𐍃𐌰𐍈𐌰𐌶𐌿𐌷 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹. […] 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐍃𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃.aþþan sa drōbjands izwis sa bairai þō wargiþa, saƕazuh saei sijai. […] wainei jah usmaitaindau þai drōbjandans izwis.but he that troubleth you shall bear his judgment, whosoever he be. […] I would they were even cut off which trouble you. (KJV)
* (intransitive) to cause trouble, incite a riot
** Mark 15:7:
    𐍅𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌱𐌰𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌾𐍉𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌼𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐍂 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽.wasuh þan sa haitana barabbas miþ þaim miþ imma drōbjandam gabundans, þaiei in auhjōdau maurþr gatawidēdun.And there was one named Barabbas, which lay bound with them that had made insurrection with him, who had committed murder in the insurrection. (KJV)

#### Conjugation

Class 1 weak :
| Infinitive | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 drobjan | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 drobjan | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 drobjan |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰 drobja | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰 drobida | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 drobjada |
| 2nd singular | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍃 drobeis | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 drobidēs | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 drobjaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸 drobeiþ | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰 drobida | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 drobjada |
| 1st dual | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐍉𐍃 drobjōs | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 drobidēdu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 drobjats | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 drobidēduts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌼 drobjam | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 drobidēdum | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 drobjanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸 drobeiþ | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 drobidēduþ | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 drobjanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 drobjand | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 drobidēdun | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 drobjanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌿 drobjau | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 drobidēdjau | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 drobjaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 drobjais | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 drobidēdeis | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 drobjaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹 drobjai | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 drobidēdi | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 drobjaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 drobjaiwa | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 drobidēdeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 drobjaits | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 drobidēdeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 drobjaima | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 drobidēdeima | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 drobjaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 drobjaiþ | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 drobidēdeiþ | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 drobjaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 drobjaina | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 drobidēdeina | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 drobjaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌴𐌹 drobei | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 drobjadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 drobjats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸 drobeiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 drobjandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 drobjands | 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌹𐌸𐍃 drobiþs | |

#### Related terms

* 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽 (gadrōbnan)
* 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌽𐌰 (drōbna)
* 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽 (drōbnan)
* 𐌹𐌽𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽 (indrōbnan)

### Further reading

* Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 27