# zꜣ
## Egyptian
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /ziːʀ/ → /siːʀ/ → /siːʔ/ → /siːʔ/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ziːʀ/
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /siːʀ/
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /siːʔ/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /siːʔ/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /zɑ/
** Conventional anglicization: za

#### Noun

m
* son [since the Pyramid texts]
** The Stela of Inhuretnakht, British Museum, Egyptian Antiquities 1783:
    jrt.n n.f zꜣ.f smsw.f mr(j).f dbjWhat his eldest beloved son Debi made for him.
* (rare) male offspring of an animal [18th dynasty]
* the succeeding decan after some decan

##### Alternative forms

| [since the Pyramid texts] | [since the Old Kingdom] | [since the Old Kingdom] | [since the Middle Kingdom] | [since the 18th dynasty] | [since the 18th dynasty] | [since the New Kingdom] |

##### Derived terms

* ḥr-zꜣ-ꜣst
* zꜣ-ꜣst
* zꜣ-jmn
* zꜣ-ptḥ
* zꜣ-nht
* zꜣ-nswt
* zꜣ-rꜥ
* zꜣ-rnnwtt
* zꜣ-ḥwt-ḥr
* zꜣ-ḫnt-ẖtj
* zꜣ-sbk
* zꜣt
* zꜣ-tꜣ
* zꜣt-wsrt
* zꜣt-mnṯw
* zꜣt-nswt
* zꜣt-ḫnt-ẖtj
* zꜣt-sbk

##### Descendants

* Old Coptic: ⲥⲓ (si), ⲥⲓ- (si-)
* → Akkadian: 𒋛𒉿 (/⁠-sija-⁠/) in 𒄯 𒋛𒉿 𒂊𒋗 (/⁠har-sija-ēšu⁠/, “Horus, son of Isis”)
* → Ancient Greek: -σι- (-si-) in Ἁρσιησις (Harsiēsis, “Horus, son of Isis”)
* → Ancient Greek: Σι- (Si-) in Σισρω (Sisrō, “the thirtieth decan”), Σισεσμε (Sisesme, “the twenty-fourth decan”), Σικετ (Siket, “the second decan”)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

m
* protection [since the Pyramid Texts]
* a magic spell
* an amulet

##### Alternative forms

| [since the Middle Kingdom] | [since the Middle Kingdom] | [Middle Kingdom] | [since the New Kingdom] | [since the New Kingdom] |

##### Derived terms

* nmtj-m-zꜣ.f
* zꜣ-tꜣ

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

m
* a measure of area equivalent to one eighth of a sṯꜣt (“arura”) (about 345 square metres).
* (Late Period, in the direct genitive construction (sṯꜣt-ꜣḥt)) Abbreviation of sṯꜣt (“arura”).

##### Alternative forms

| zꜣ | zꜣ |
| [Late Period] | [Late Period] |
| as abbreviation for arura |

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

m
* (medicine) a product of an inflammation

##### Inflection
### Etymology 5
#### Noun

m
* (medicine) a type of ulcer

##### Inflection
### Etymology 6
#### Proper noun

m
* a god who personifies a certain body of water [Late Period]

### Etymology 7
#### Verb

* (transitive) to fend off [Pyramid Texts]

### Etymology 8
#### Verb

* perfective of zꜣj

##### Alternative forms

| [Pyramid Texts] | [Pyramid Texts] |

### Etymology 9
#### Noun

m
* the object depicted in the hieroglyph , a type of shepherd’s mat

##### Alternative forms

Alternative forms:
[Old Kingdom] :

### Etymology 10
#### Noun

m
* guard
* troop of soldiers
* association of people in some particular occupation
* phyle, group, division

##### Alternative forms

| [Old Kingdom] | [Old Kingdom] | [since the Middle Kingdom] | [Middle Kingdom] | [Middle Kingdom] |

### Etymology 11
#### Noun

m
* Used in reference to cattle. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
** A herd
** A barrier

##### Alternative forms
### Etymology 12
#### Noun

m
* a title of some kind [18th dynasty]

##### Alternative forms

Alternative forms:

### Etymology 13
#### Noun

m
* a type of field

##### Inflection
### Etymology 14
#### Noun

m
* The object depicted in the hieroglyph . The meaning of this term is uncertain.

##### Alternative forms

[Late Period] :

### Etymology 15
#### Verb

* perfective of zꜣw (“to greet, watch for”)

##### Alternative forms

jzꜣ :

### References

* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
* ↑ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 13, 56