# 餞

| 餞 | U+991E, &#39198; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-991E |
| ← 餝 [U+991D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 餟 → [U+991F] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 餞 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 䬻 |
| Simplified | 饯 |

### Han character

餞 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+8, 17 strokes, cangjie input 人戈戈戈 (OIII), four-corner 8375$_3$, composition ⿰飠戔)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1421, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44214
* Dae Jaweon: page 1947, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4458, character 13
* Unihan data for U+991E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 殘 | *zlaːn, *zaːns |
| 戔 | *zlaːn |
| 帴 | *zlaːn, *saːns, *ʔslenʔ, *ʔsleːn, *sreːd |
| 虥 | *zreːn, *zreːn, *zreːnʔ, *zraːns |
| 盞 | *ʔsreːnʔ |
| 醆 | *ʔsreːnʔ, *ʔljenʔ |
| 琖 | *ʔsreːnʔ |
| 剗 | *sʰreːnʔ |
| 棧 | *zreːnʔ, *zraːns, *zrenʔ |
| 輚 | *zreːnʔ, *zraːns |
| 嶘 | *zreːnʔ |
| 錢 | *ʔslenʔ, *zlen |
| 俴 | *ʔslenʔ, *zlenʔ |
| 籛 | *ʔslenʔ, *ʔslens, *ʔsleːn |
| 淺 | *sʰlenʔ, *ʔsleːn |
| 濺 | *ʔsens, *ʔseːn |
| 踐 | *zlenʔ |
| 諓 | *zlenʔ, *zlens |
| 餞 | *zlenʔ, *zlens |
| 賤 | *zlens |
| 綫 | *slens |
| 箋 | *ʔsleːn |
| 牋 | *ʔsleːn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zlenʔ, *zlens) : semantic 食 (“hand”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiàn (jian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zin$^3$ / zin$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ciéng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chián
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziêng$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
*** Wade–Giles: chien$^4$
*** Yale: jyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
*** Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zin$^3$ / zin$^6$
*** Yale: jin / jihn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzin$^3$ / dzin$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jin$^3$ / jin$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːn³³/, /t͡siːn²²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ciéng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siɛŋ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chián
*** Tâi-lô: tsián
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciern
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛn⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɛn⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ziêng$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiéng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sieŋ⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: dzjenX, dzjenH
Rime :
| Character | 餞 | 餞 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 慈演切 | 才線切 |
| Baxter | dzjenX | dzjenH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziᴇn$^X$/ | /d͡ziᴇn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ziɛn$^X$/ | /d͡ziɛn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zjæn$^X$/ | /d͡zjæn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zian$^X$/ | /d͡zian$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ziɛn$^X$/ | /d͡ziɛn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zĭɛn$^X$/ | /d͡zĭɛn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi̯ɛn$^X$/ | /d͡zʱi̯ɛn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiàn | jiàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zin$^6$ | zin$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*zlenʔ/, /*zlens/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 餞 | 餞 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 6006 | 6009 |
| Phonetic component | 戔 | 戔 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 踐 | 賤 |
| Old Chinese | /*zlenʔ/ | /*zlens/ |

### Definitions

餞
* to give a farewell party; to see off; to send off
* to preserve fruits in honey or syrup

### Compounds

* 奉餞 / 奉饯
* 宴餞 / 宴饯
* 祖餞 / 祖饯 (zǔjiàn)
* 蜜餞 / 蜜饯 (mìjiàn)
* 蜜餞砒霜 / 蜜饯砒霜 (mìjiànpīshuāng)
* 送餞 / 送饯
* 飲餞 / 饮饯
* 餞別 / 饯别 (jiànbié)
* 餞行 / 饯行 (jiànxíng)
* 餞路 / 饯路

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 餞(せん) (sen)
* → Vietnamese: tiễn (餞)

### References

* “餞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 䬻 |
| Kyūjitai | 餞 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 䬻)
* farewell gift

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぜん (zen)
* Kan-on: せん (sen)
* Kun: はなむけ (hanamuke, 餞)

#### Compounds

* 餞月(せんげつ) (sengetsu)
* 餞暑(せんしょ) (sensho)
* 餞別(せんべつ) (senbetsu)
* 予(よ)餞(せん)会(かい) (yosenkai)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 餞
* はなむけ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
From 馬の鼻向け (uma no hanamuke, literally "the direction of the horse's nose"), as setting off on a journey.

#### Alternative forms

* 贐

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はなむけ [hànámúké] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠na̠mɯ̟ke̞]

#### Noun

餞(はなむけ) • (hanamuke)
* an exchange of farewells (Can we verify this sense?)
* a farewell or parting gift

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 餞
* せん Hyōgai
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 餞 (MC dzjenX|dzjenH).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sẽ̞ɴ]

#### Noun

餞(せん) • (sen)
* a farewell or parting gift
    Synonym: 餞別 (senbetsu)

#### Verb

餞(せん)する • (sen suru) transitive suru (stem 餞(せん)し (sen shi), past 餞(せん)した (sen shita))
* to see someone depart

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 餞し | せんし | sen shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 餞し | せんし | sen shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 餞する | せんする | sen suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 餞する | せんする | sen suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 餞すれ | せんすれ | sen sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 餞せよ¹ 餞しろ² | せんせよ¹ せんしろ² | sen seyo¹ sen shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 餞される | せんされる | sen sareru |
| Causative | 餞させる 餞さす | せんさせる せんさす | sen saseru sen sasu |
| Potential | 餞できる | せんできる | sen dekiru |
| Volitional | 餞しよう | せんしよう | sen shiyō |
| Negative | 餞しない | せんしない | sen shinai |
| Negative continuative | 餞せず | せんせず | sen sezu |
| Formal | 餞します | せんします | sen shimasu |
| Perfective | 餞した | せんした | sen shita |
| Conjunctive | 餞して | せんして | sen shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 餞すれば | せんすれば | sen sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

餞 • (jeon) (hangeul 전, revised jeon, McCune–Reischauer chŏn, Yale cen)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

餞: Hán Nôm readings: tiễn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.