OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# progressif
## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin prōgressīvus, from prōgredior (perfect participial stem: prōgress-) +‎ -īvus. From progress(ion) +‎ -if.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʁɔ.ɡʁɛ.sif/ ~ /pʁɔ.ɡʁe.sif/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

progressif (feminine progressive, masculine plural progressifs, feminine plural progressives)
* progressive (gradually advancing)
* (obsolete) progressive, progressionist (supporting social/technological progress)
    Synonym: progressiste

#### Derived terms

* assimilation progressive
* impôt progressif
* progressivement

#### Related terms

* progrès
* progresser
* progression

### Further reading

* “progressif” in Émile Littré, Dictionnaire de la langue française, 1872–1877.
* “progressif”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Middle French
### Etymology

First known attestation circa 1372 by Jean Corbichon (also known as Corbechon). Borrowed from Latin prōgressīvus. See below.

### Adjective

progressif m (feminine singular progressive, masculine plural progressifs, feminine plural progressives)
* progressive (favoring or promoting progress)
** c. 1372, Jean Corbichon, Le Livre de Propriété des Choses:Vertu alant, que les clercs appellent vertu progressive(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Usage notes

* Precise meaning is uncertain as the Corbichon citation is the only one in the Middle French period.
* Unlikely to be the etymon of French progressif because the next know attestation of progressif is in 1671, 300 years later. French progressif is a separate borrowing from Latin.

#### Related terms

* progrés
* progression

### References

* progressif on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)
* Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX$^e$ au XV$^e$ siècle (1881) (progressif, supplement)
# idup
## Iban
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *hidup, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qudip, from Proto-Austronesian *qudip.

### Noun

idup
* life

### Adjective

idup
* alive

### Verb

idup
* to live; to be alive

#### Derived terms

* pengidup
# гъэрэзэн
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʁarazan]

### Verb

гъэрэзэн • (ğɛrɛzɛn) (transitive)
* to make someone satisfied, to please someone
    Сыд узимыгъэзагъэрэ? ― Səd wuziməğɛzağɛrɛ? ― What doesn't make you satisfied?
    Кӏалэр угъэрэзэшъущта? ― Kʼalɛr wuğɛrɛzɛšʷuśta? ― Can you satisfied the boy?
    Кӏалэм пшъашъэр игъэрэзагъ ― Kʼalɛm pŝaŝɛr jiğɛrɛzağ ― The boy satisfied the girl.

#### See also

* рэзэгъэн (rɛzɛğɛn) (intransitive)
# 첩

| 첩 | U+CCA9, &#52393; HANGUL SYLLABLE CEOB |
| Composition: | ㅊ + ㅓ + ㅂ |
| ← 첨 [U+CCA8] | Hangul Syllables | 첪 → [U+CCAA] |
처척첚첛천첝첞 첟철첡첢첣첤첥 첦첧첨첩첪첫첬 청첮첯첰첱첲첳 :
| 챼 ← | → 체 |

## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕʰʌ̹p̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [첩]

### Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 妾

#### Noun

첩 • (cheop) (hanja 妾)
* concubine

### Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 貼

#### Noun

첩 • (cheop) (hanja 貼)
* pack (of herb medicine)
    등골이 쑤셔서 한약 한첩을 달여먹었다.deunggori ssusyeoseo hanyak hancheobeul daryeomeogeotda.Because of my backaches I boiled down a pack of korean traditional medicine and ate it.

##### Derived terms

* 첩약 (貼藥, cheobyak)
* 첩화 (貼花, cheophwa)

### Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 帖

#### Noun

첩 • (cheop) (hanja 帖)
* album; notebook

##### Derived terms

* 수첩 (手帖, sucheop)

### Etymology 4

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

#### Syllable

첩 • (cheop)
* 妾:
    (MC reading: 妾 (MC tshjep))
* 帖:
    (MC reading: 帖 (MC thep))
* 捷:
    (MC reading: 捷 (MC dzjep))
* 堞:
    (MC reading: 堞 (MC dep))
* 牒:
    (MC reading: 牒 (MC dep))
* 疊:
    (MC reading: 疊 (MC dep))
* 睫:
    (MC reading: 睫 (MC tsjep))
* 諜:
    (MC reading: 諜 (MC dep))
* 貼:
    (MC reading: 貼 (MC thep))
* 輒:
    (MC reading: 輒 (MC trjep))
* 倢:
    (MC reading: 倢 (MC dzjep))
* 呫:
    (MC reading: 呫 (MC thep))
* 喋:
    (MC reading: 喋 (MC dep|tep))
* 怗:
    (MC reading: 怗 (MC thep))
* 褺:
    (MC reading: 褺 (MC dep))
* 褶:
    (MC reading: 褶 (MC dep))

### References

* Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo).
# سدا
## Punjabi
### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सदा (sadā).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Punjabi) IPA: /sə.d̪äː/
* Rhymes: -äː
* Hyphenation: سَ‧دا

#### Adverb

سَدا • (sadā) (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਦਾ)
* always; perpetually, continually
    Synonym: ہَمیشَہ (hameśah)

#### Further reading

* Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “سدا”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
* “ਸਦਾ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀲𑀤𑁆𑀤 (sadda), from Sanskrit शब्द (śábda). Cognate with Saraiki سَݙَّا (saḏḏā). Doublet of شَبْد (śabd)

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Punjabi) IPA: /səd̪.d̪äː/, [sɐd̪.d̪äː]
* Rhymes: -äː

#### Noun

سَدّا • (saddā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸੱਦਾ)
* invitation; invite
* a shout; cry, call
* a beggar's call for alms

##### Further reading

* Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “سدّا”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
* “ਸੱਦਾ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śábda”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 712

## Urdu
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सदा (sadā).

### Adverb

سَدا • (sadā) (Hindi spelling सदा)
* always
* perpetually, continually
* forever, eternally
* night and day, to end of chapter

#### Synonyms

* ہمیشہ
# ebria
## Esperanto
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ēbrius.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [eˈbria]
* Rhymes: -ia
* Hyphenation: e‧bri‧a

### Adjective

ebria (accusative singular ebrian, plural ebriaj, accusative plural ebriajn)
* drunk, intoxicated

#### Derived terms

* duonebria
* ebrieco
* ebrieta
* ebriulo
* postebrio

## Ido
### Etymology

From Esperanto ebria, from Spanish ebrio, from Latin ebrius.

### Adjective

ebria
* drunk, intoxicated

#### Derived terms

* desebrieskar (“to sober up”)
* ebriega (“blind drunk”)
* ebrieso (“inebriation, inebriety, intoxication”)
* ebrieta (“tipsy”)
* ebrieteso (“mild drunkenness, buzzedness”)
* ebriigar (“to intoxicate”)
* ebriigiva (“heady”)
* parebriesar (“to drink heavily, booze”)
* parebrieskar (“to get drunk”)
* parebrieso (“intoxication, drunkenness”)
* parebriigar (“to make dead drunk”)

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* ēbria: (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈeː.bri.a/, [ˈeːbriä]
* ēbria: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈe.bri.a/, [ˈɛːbriä]
* ēbriā: (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈeː.bri.aː/, [ˈeːbriäː]
* ēbriā: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈe.bri.a/, [ˈɛːbriä]

### Adjective

ēbria
* inflection of ēbrius:
** nominative/vocative feminine singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

### Adjective

ēbriā
* ablative feminine singular of ēbrius

## Spanish
### Adjective

ebria
* feminine singular of ebrio
# intergalactic
## English
### Etymology

From inter- +‎ galactic.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

intergalactic (not comparable)
* (astronomy) Occurring between galaxies.
    Coordinate terms: interstellar, interplanetary
** 2012 May 24, Nathan Rabin, “Film: Reviews: Men In Black 3”, in The Onion AV Club‎:Men In Black 3 finagles its way out of this predicament by literally resetting the clock with a time-travel premise that makes Will Smith both a contemporary intergalactic cop in the late 1960s and a stranger to Josh Brolin, who plays the younger version of Smith’s stone-faced future partner, Tommy Lee Jones.
* (proscribed, science fiction) Occurring across a single galaxy, interstellar.
** 2003 July 16, Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic:They say he's a member of the Exchange – you know, the big intergalactic criminal organization.

#### Derived terms

* intergalactic medium
* warm-hot intergalactic medium

#### Translations
## Occitan
### Adjective

intergalactic m (feminine singular intergalactica, masculine plural intergalactics, feminine plural intergalacticas)
* (astronomy) intergalactic

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English intergalactic or French intergalactique. By surface analysis, inter- +‎ galactic.

### Adjective

intergalactic m or n (feminine singular intergalactică, masculine plural intergalactici, feminine and neuter plural intergalactice)
* (astronomy) intergalactic
# באַדויערן
## Yiddish
### Etymology

באַ־ (ba-) +‎ דויערן (doyern)

### Pronunciation

* (YIVO, Northeastern) IPA: /baˈdɔɪ̯əʁn̩/
* (Poylish) IPA: /baˈdoʊ̯əʁn̩/
* (Ukraynish) IPA: /bɔˈdɔɪ̯əʁn̩/

### Verb

באַדויערן • (badoyern) (past participle באַדויערט (badoyert))
* to regret
* to feel sorrow for

#### Derived terms

* צום באַדויערן (tsum badoyern, “unfortunately”)
** באַדויערונג (badoyerung, “regret”)
# гъэутэшъон
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʁawtaʃʷan]

### Verb

гъэутэшъон • (ğɛwutɛšʷon) (transitive)
* to intoxicate, to make someone drunk
    Кӏалэр гъэуташъу ― Kʼalɛr ğɛwutašʷu ― Make the boy drunk.
    Кӏалэм Томэр игъэуташъуагъ ― Kʼalɛm Tomɛr jiğɛwutašʷağ ― The boy made Tom drunk.
* to make someone spoiled in personality
    Мо кӏалэр агъэутэшъуагъ, шхын лъапӏэ ехъурэ ышхыжьырэп ― Mo kʼalɛr ağɛwutɛšʷağ, šxən lˢapʼɛ jeχʷurɛ əšxəźərɛp ― They spoiled that kid, he doesn't eat anything than expensive food anymore.
* to make someone attracted to you (usually by humor)
    Пшъэшъэ дахэр къэгъэуташъу ― Pŝɛŝɛ daxɛr qɛğɛwutašʷu ― Make the beautiful girl attracted to you.

### See also

* утэшъон (wutɛšʷon) (intransitive)
# schludnie
## Polish
### Etymology

From schludny +‎ -ie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsxlud.ɲɛ/
* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈsxlud.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -udɲɛ
* Syllabification: schlud‧nie

### Adverb

schludnie (comparative schludniej, superlative najschludniej)
* tidily, neatly
    Synonym: schludno
* (Far Masovian) agilely, flexibly

#### Related terms

* schludny
* schludno
* schludność

### Further reading

* schludnie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* schludnie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Antoni Waga (1860) “schludnie”, in “Abecadłowy spis wyrazów ludowego języka w okolicach Łomży, Wizny i przyległych”, in Kazimierz Władysław Wóycicki, editor, Biblioteka Warszawska (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 757
# qabaat
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Arabic قَبَاحَة (qabāḥa)

### Noun

qabaat
* guilt, fault

#### Derived terms

* qabaat işlemek
* qabaatlamaq
* qabaatlanmaq
* qabaatlayıcı
* qabaatlı
* qabaatsız

### References

* “qabaat”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)
# ᡤᡡᠰᠠ
## Manchu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (standard) IPA: [qʊ.sa]

### Noun

ᡤᡡᠰᠠ • (gūsa)
* (historical) banner (type of administrative and military division during the Qing dynasty)

#### Derived terms

* ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠨ ᡤᡡᠰᠠ (jakūn gūsa)

#### Descendants

* → Mandarin: 固山 (gùshān)
# распоряжение
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rəspərʲɪˈʐɛnʲɪje]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

распоряже́ние • (rasporjažénije) n inan (genitive распоряже́ния, nominative plural распоряже́ния, genitive plural распоряже́ний)
* disposal, direction
* order, instruction, direction

#### Synonyms

* подчине́ние (podčinénije), управле́ние (upravlénije)
* постановле́ние (postanovlénije), прика́з (prikáz), приказа́ние (prikazánije), ука́з (ukáz), указа́ние (ukazánije)

#### Related terms

* распоряди́тель (rasporjadítelʹ), распорядительница (rasporjaditelʹnica), распорядительность (rasporjaditelʹnostʹ), распоря́док (rasporjádok), поря́док (porjádok)
* распорядительный (rasporjaditelʹnyj), распорядительский (rasporjaditelʹskij)
* распоряди́ться (rasporjadítʹsja), распоряжа́ться (rasporjažátʹsja)
# գարուն
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian գարուն (garun).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɡɑˈɾun/, [ɡɑɾún]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kɑˈɾun/, [kʰɑɾún]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)
* Audio (Western Armenian):(file)

### Noun

գարուն • (garun)
* (season) spring

#### Declension

*the singular locative is seldom used an alternative ablative singular գարնանից (garnanicʻ) is more common the singular locative sense is expressed by գարնանը (garnanə) or գարունը (garunə)

#### See also

Seasons in Armenian · եղանակները (eġanaknerə) (layout · text) · category :
| գարուն (garun, “spring”) | ամառ (amaṙ, “summer”) | աշուն (ašun, “autumn”) | ձմեռ (jmeṙ, “winter”) |

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From *գար- (*gar-), from *գեհար (*gehar), from Proto-Indo-European *wésr̥. The ending -ուն (-un) has been explained in different ways.

### Noun

գարուն • (garun)
* spring (season)

#### Usage notes

The word has the following combining forms գարուն- (garun-), գարն- (garn-) and գարնան- (garnan-).

#### Derived terms

* գարնագուշակ (garnagušak)
* գարնային (garnayin)
* գարնայնի (garnayni)
* գարնանաբեր (garnanaber)
* գարնանաբոյս (garnanaboys)
* գարնանաբուղխ (garnanabułx)
* գարնանագեղ (garnanageł)
* գարնանագործ (garnanagorc)
* գարնանագուշակ (garnanagušak)
* գարնանազայր (garnanazayr)
* գարնանական (garnanakan)
* գարնանամ (garnanam)
* գարնանամուտ (garnanamut)
* գարնանային (garnanayin)
* գարնանանամ (garnananam)
* գարնանաշարժ (garnanašarž)
* գարնանի (garnani)
* գարունաբեր (garunaber)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: գարուն (garun)

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 42–43

### Further reading

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գարուն”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “գարուն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Mxitʻar Sebastacʻi (1749) “գարուն”, in Baṙgirkʻ Haykazean lezui [Dictionary of the Armenian Language]‎ (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 173a
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “գարուն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 201
# nguya
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ŋuyaq.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ngu‧ya
* IPA: /ŋuˈjaʔ/ [ŋuˈjaʔ]

### Noun

nguyâ
* chew
    Synonym: nguta

#### Derived terms

* magnguya
* nguya-nguya
* nguyaon

#### References

* ↑ Robert Blust, Stephen Trussel, "*ŋuyaq", Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010-)

## Kikuyu
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ᵑɡuja/

### Noun

nguya class 9/10 (plural nguya)
* winged termite
    Hypernym: mũthũa

### References

* ↑ Muiru, David N. (2007). Wĩrute Gĩgĩkũyũ: Marĩtwa Ma Gĩgĩkũyũ Mataũrĩtwo Na Gĩthũngũ, p. 10.

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* ng̃oya — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

Uncertain. Blust 2010- tentatively posits this is from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ŋuyaq, and is cognate with Malay kunyah, but this comparison is phonologically problematic, and the most likely origin of the word being a back-formation from hypothetical *manguyà (mang- +‎ *kuyà), *kuyà being from the tentative reconstruction *kuyaq.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ŋuˈjaʔ/ [ŋʊˈjaʔ]
* Rhymes: -aʔ
* Syllabification: ngu‧ya

### Noun

nguyâ (Baybayin spelling ᜅᜓᜌ)
* chewing; mastication

#### Derived terms

* inguya
* ipagnguya
* magnguya
* manguya
* ngumuya
* nguyaan
* nguyain
* pagkakanguya
* pagngunguya
* pagnguya
* palanguya
* pangnguya

#### See also

* kabkab
* kasab
* mama
* ngalot
* ngata

### References

* ↑ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ŋuyaq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Further reading

* “nguya”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* ugnay
# symptomology
## English
### Etymology

From symptom +‎ -ology.

### Noun

symptomology (countable and uncountable, plural symptomologies)
* (informal) symptomatology.
** 2021, Ruth Ozeki, The Book of Form and Emptiness, Canongate Books (2022), page 146:Just looking at the list made her wheeze, but she studied each item carefully, trying to match the abstract language of symptomology to her very real son’s actual behavior.

#### Related terms

* symptomologic
* symptomological
* symptomologically
* symptomologist
# 该时节
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 该时节 – see 該時節 (“at that time; in those days; back then”). (This term is the simplified form of 該時節).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# pereba
## Old Tupi
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pereβ, from Proto-Tupian *perep.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɛˈɾɛβ̞a/

### Noun

pereba (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mereba)
* sore (injuried patch of skin)
* (loosely) wound; injury
    Synonym: apixaba
    Near-synonyms: kutukagûera, pora

#### Related terms

* mopereb
* pereb

#### Descendants

* Nheengatu: perewa
* → Brazilian Portuguese: pereba

### References

* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “pereba”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 378, column 2

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Tupi pereba.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /pɛˈɾɛ.bɐ/, /peˈɾɛ.bɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /pɛˈɾɛ.bɐ/, /peˈɾɛ.bɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /pɛˈɾɛ.ba/, /peˈɾɛ.ba/
* Rhymes: -ɛbɐ
* Hyphenation: pe‧re‧ba
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

pereba f (plural perebas)(Brazil, colloquial)
* sore (injuried patch of skin)
    Synonym: chaga
* (loosely) wound; injury
    Synonyms: machucado, ferida

#### Derived terms

* perebagem
* perebento
* perebinha

### Further reading

* “pereba”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
# meyva
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish میوه (meyve)., itself from Persian میوه (meyve, mive).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: mey‧va

### Noun

meyva
* fruit

#### Declension
### References

* “meyva”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Gagauz
### Alternative forms

* meva

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish میوه (meyvä, mēvä), from Persian میوه (mive, mêwa, “fruit”). Compare Azerbaijani meyvə, Crimean Tatar meyva, Turkish meyve and dialectal meyva.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mʲejˈvɑ/
* Hyphenation: meyva

### Noun

meyva (definite accusative meyvayı, plural meyvalar)
* (botany) fruit, a fertilization product in a plant, especially an edible one
    Synonym: emiş
    meyva aacıfruit tree

#### Derived terms

* meyvacı (“gardener”)
* meyvalı (“fruitful”)
* meyvalık (“orchard”)
* meyvasız (“infertile, not bearing fruit”)

### References

* ↑ András Rajki, A Concise Gagauz Dictionary with etymologies and Turkish, Azerbaijani, Crimean Tatar and Turkmen cognates, 2007
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “meyve”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “мейва”, in Gagauzsko-Russko-Moldavskij Slovarʹ [Gagauz-Russian-Moldovan Dictionary], Moskva: Izdatelʹstvo Sovetskaja Enciklopedija, →ISBN, page 329
* Mavrodi M. F., editor (2019), “meyva”, in Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 1-4, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 57
* Kopuşçu M. İ. , Todorova S. A. , Kiräkova T.İ., editors (2019), “meyva”, in Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 5-12, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 116

## Turkish
### Noun

meyva
* Orthographic variation of meyve.
# botnfiskur
## Faroese
### Etymology

From botnur (“bottom”) +‎ fiskur (“fish”).

### Noun

botnfiskur m (genitive singular botnfisks, plural botnfiskar)
* bottom fish
    Antonym: uppsjóvarfiskur

#### Related terms

* botnvatn
* fiskaflak
* fiskahjallur
* fiskaknetti
* fiskaslag
* fiskastovnur
* fiskasøla
* havfiskur
* havsbotnur
* klippfiskur
* kongafiskur
* saltfiskur
* smáfiskur
* vágsbotnur
# указатель
## Russian
### Etymology

указа́ть (ukazátʹ) +‎ -тель (-telʹ)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʊkɐˈzatʲɪlʲ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

указа́тель • (ukazátelʹ) m inan (genitive указа́теля, nominative plural указа́тели, genitive plural указа́телей)
* index, indicator, guide, pointer
* cursor
* traffic sign
* place-name sign (typically указа́тель населённого пу́нкта)

#### Related terms

* ука́зывать (ukázyvatʹ), указа́ть (ukazátʹ)
# ձմեռ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Armenian ձմեռն (jmeṙn).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /d͡zəˈmer/, [d͡zəmér]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /t͡səˈmeɾ/, [t͡sʰəméɾ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

ձմեռ • (jmeṙ)
* winter

#### Declension

*the singular locative is seldom used Note: An alternative ablative singular ձմռանից (jmṙanicʻ) is more common. Note: The singular locative sense is expressed by ձմռանը (jmṙanə) or ձմեռը (jmeṙə).

#### Derived terms

* ձմեռային (jmeṙayin)
* ձմեռանոց (jmeṙanocʻ)
* ձմեռել (jmeṙel)
* ձմեռոց (jmeṙocʻ)

#### Related terms

* ձմերուկ (jmeruk)

#### See also

Seasons in Armenian · եղանակները (eġanaknerə) (layout · text) · category :
| գարուն (garun, “spring”) | ամառ (amaṙ, “summer”) | աշուն (ašun, “autumn”) | ձմեռ (jmeṙ, “winter”) |
# duur
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch duur.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dyr/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

duur (attributive duur or (seldom) dure, comparative duurder, superlative duurste)
* expensive

#### Descendants

* → Fwe: dùrà
* → Kalanga: tura
* → Shona: -dhura
    → Chichewa: -dula
* → Xhosa: -duru

### References

* 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dyr/, [dyːr], [dyər]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: duur
* Rhymes: -yr
* Homophone: Duur

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch diere, dure, from Old Dutch diuri, from Proto-Germanic *diurijaz. Doublet of dier.

#### Adjective

duur (comparative duurder, superlative duurst)
* expensive, dear
    De duurste Stradivarius is 'The Hammer' die in 2006 $3,5 miljoen opleverde.The most expensive Stradivarius is 'The Hammer', which went for $3.5 million in 2006.

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: duur
** → Fwe: dùrà
** → Kalanga: tura
** → Shona: -dhura
*** → Chichewa: -dula
** → Xhosa: -duru
* Berbice Creole Dutch: diru
* Javindo: dier
* Negerhollands: duur, dyer
* →? Sranan Tongo: diri
** → Saramaccan: díi

### Etymology 2

From duren.

#### Noun

duur m (uncountable)
* duration

##### Derived terms

* duurzaam
* gebruiksduur
* langdurig
* levensduur
* op den duur
* tijdsduur

##### Descendants

* Negerhollands: duur

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

duur
* inflection of duren:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

### Anagrams

* Ruud, Urdu

## Somali
### Noun

duur ?
* forest
# гъэчэн
## Adyghe
### Alternative forms

* гъэкьэн (ğɛkʲɛn) (Shapsug)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʁat͡ʃan]

### Verb

гъэчэн • (ğɛčɛn) (transitive)
* to crack
    Апчыр кӏалэм ыгъэчагъ ― Apčər kʼalɛm əğɛčağ ― The boy cracked the glass.

### See also

* мэчэн (Intransitive)
# aineistaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

aine +‎ -istaa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑi̯nei̯stɑːˣ/, [ˈɑ̝i̯ne̞i̯s̠tɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑineistɑː
* Hyphenation: ai‧neis‧taa

### Verb

aineistaa (rare)
* (transitive) To materialise/materialize.

#### Synonyms

* (to materialise/-ize): aineellistaa

#### Derived terms

* aineistua

### Further reading

* “aineistaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02