# 代

| 代 | U+4EE3, &#20195; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EE3 |
| ← 仢 [U+4EE2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 令 → [U+4EE4] |
| ㈹ | U+3239, &#12857; PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH REPRESENT |
| ← ㈸ [U+3238] | Enclosed CJK Letters and Months | ㈺ → [U+323A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

代 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人戈心 (OIP), four-corner 2324$_0$, composition ⿰亻弋)

#### Derived characters

* 𠰺, 𢂌, 𢫙, 㭖, 玳, 𠳙, 𦨮, 蚮, 鮘(𬶌), 鴏, 䒫, 𠁀, 笩, 𩂠, 垈, 岱, 帒, 柋, 牮, 𠊝, 袋, 貸 (贷), 𫔟, 黛

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 93, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 386
* Dae Jaweon: page 197, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 113, character 5
* Unihan data for U+4EE3

## Chinese

* 代 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 代 (Cantonese)
* 代 (Classical)

### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 代 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| Small seal scripts05796Transcribed ancient scriptsL36109L36110L36111L36112L36113L20896L20897L20898L20899L20900 ||
| References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script). ||
| | Old Chinese |
| 戴 | *ʔl'ɯːɡs |
| 襶 | *tɯːɡs |
| 貸 | *l̥ʰɯːɡs |
| 代 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 袋 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 岱 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 黛 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 玳 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 帒 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 甙 | *l'ɯːɡs |
| 酨 | *l'ɯːs, *zlɯːs |
| 試 | *hljɯɡs |
| 弒 | *hljɯɡs |
| 忒 | *l̥ʰɯːɡ |
| 貣 | *l̥ʰɯːɡ, *l'ɯːɡ |
| 鴏 | *l'ɯːɡ |
| 栻 | *l̥ʰɯɡ, *hljɯɡ |
| 侙 | *l̥ʰɯɡ |
| 恜 | *l̥ʰɯɡ |
| 式 | *hljɯɡ |
| 軾 | *hljɯɡ |
| 拭 | *hljɯɡ |
| 鉽 | *hljɯɡ |
| 烒 | *hljɯɡ |
| 弋 | *lɯɡ |
| 芅 | *lɯɡ |
| 黓 | *lɯɡ |
| 隿 | *lɯɡ |
| 杙 | *lɯɡ |
| 釴 | *lɯɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'ɯːɡs) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 弋 (OC *lɯɡ)

### Etymology 1
#### state's name → toponym

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Is 代 (OC *lˤək-s) related to 狄 (OC *lˤek, “northern barbarians”), the Spring and Autumn state's founders?”
Most of the people with this surname in Mainland China were originally with the surname 戴 (Dài) and was a result of second-round simplification of Chinese characters.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): dài (dai$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dai$^4$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): дэ (de, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): doi$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): oi$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): tai$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thoi / tai
    (Hailu, HRS): toi$^˖$ / dai$^ˇ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): toi$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): dai$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): dō
* Eastern Min (BUC): dô̤i / dâi
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tē / tēr / tāi / tài
    (Teochew, Peng'im): do$^7$ / dai$^3$ / toi$^3$ / toih$^4$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^6$de
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tai$^5$ / tai$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dài
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dài
*** Wade–Giles: tai$^4$
*** Yale: dài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: day
*** Palladius: дай (daj)
*** Sinological IPA : /taɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: dai$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: dai
*** Sinological IPA : /tai²¹³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: дэ (de, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛ⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: doi$^6$
*** Yale: doih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: doi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: doi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔːi̯²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: oi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ᵘɔi³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: tai$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰai¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thoi / tai
*** Hakka Romanization System: toi / dai
*** Hagfa Pinyim: toi$^4$ / dai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰoi̯⁵⁵/, /tai̯⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: toi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰoɪ⁵³/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: toi$^˖$ / dai$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰoi³³/, /tai¹¹/
* Sixian:
** tai - only used in 交代.
* Hailu:
** daiˇ - only used in 交代.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit代 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /tai⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /tai⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /tai⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /tɛ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tɛ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /tai³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /tai⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /tɛ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /tɛ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /tɛ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /tai²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /tai³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /tai¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /tai²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /tæ²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /tae⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /te̞⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /tai⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /tæ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /tɛ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /de²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /de̞³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /de̞¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /de²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /tʰɛ²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /tə¹¹/ /ta⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /tai⁵⁵/ /tai¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /tai⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /tʰai²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /tʰoi⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tʰoi⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tɔi²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /tɔi²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /tɔi²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tai²²/ /te²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tɔy²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /to⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /tʰoi²¹³/ /to³¹/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔdai³⁵/ /ʔdai³³/ /ʔde²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: dojH
Rime :
| Character | 代 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒耐切 |
| Baxter | dojH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dʌi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dəi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɒi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dəj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /dᴀi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /dɒi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑ̆i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | doi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤək-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯːɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 代 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ doj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁək-s/ |
| English | replace |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 代 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14963 |
| Phonetic component | 弋 |
| Rime group | 代 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 代 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'ɯːɡs/ |

#### Definitions

代
* to replace; to take the place of
* to act for; to do something on behalf of
* to act as; to be the acting (president etc.)
* generation; age group
* historical period; era
* date; age
* dynasty; line of rulers
* (geology) era (geochronologic unit)
* (grammar) Short for 代名詞／代名词 (dàimíngcí); short for 代詞／代词 (dàicí, “pronoun”).
* (historical geography) Short for 代國／代国 (Dàiguó, “state of Dai”).
* a surname

##### Synonyms

* (generation): 世 (shì)

#### Compounds

* 一代 (yīdài)
* 一代兒 / 一代儿
* 一代宗匠
* 一代宗臣
* 一代巨擘
* 一代文宗
* 一代楷模
* 一代談宗 / 一代谈宗
* 一代風流 / 一代风流
* 一代鼎臣
* 一生一代
* 七代先靈 / 七代先灵
* 七窩八代 / 七窝八代
* 上代 (shàngdài)
* 三代 (sāndài)
* 三代人物
* 三代同堂
* 三代執金 / 三代执金
* 世世代代 (shìshìdàidài)
* 世代 (shìdài)
* 世代交替
* 中代
* 中生代
* 九代
* 亂代 / 乱代
* 二代 (èrdài)
* 五代 (Wǔdài)
* 互代
* 五代十國 / 五代十国 (Wǔdài Shíguó)
* 五代史
* 亙代 / 亘代
* 交代 (jiāodài)
* 人事代謝 / 人事代谢
* 人代
* 人民代表 (rénmín dàibiǎo)
* 今代
* 代下
* 代乳粉
* 代人
* 代人受過 / 代人受过
* 代人捉刀
* 代付 (dàifù)
* 代代 (dàidài)
* 代代相傳 / 代代相传 (dàidàixiāngchuán)
* 代代花 (dàidàihuā)
* 代作 (dàizuò)
* 代位
* 代位權 / 代位权
* 代位繼承 / 代位继承
* 代倩
* 以倭代唐
* 以倭代華 / 以倭代华
* 代價 / 代价 (dàijià)
* 代償 / 代偿 (dàicháng)
* 代力
* 代勞 / 代劳
* 代北
* 代匠
* 代匱 / 代匮
* 代及
* 代史
* 代名詞 / 代名词 (dàimíngcí)
* 代哭
* 代唱
* 代售 (dàishòu)
* 代國 / 代国 (Dàiguó)
* 代培 (dàipéi)
* 代執行 / 代执行
* 代墊 / 代垫
* 代天巡狩
* 代奏
* 代姓
* 代嬗
* 代字
* 代宗
* 代官
* 代室
* 代寫 / 代写 (dàixiě)
* 代州 (Dàizhōu)
* 代工 (dàigōng)
* 以工代賑 / 以工代赈 (yǐgōng daìzhèn)
* 代序 (dàixù)
* 代庖 (dàipáo)
* 代庸
* 代德
* 代手
* 代打 (dàidǎ)
* 代拜
* 代拆代行
* 代指 (dàizhǐ)
* 代換 / 代换 (dàihuàn)
* 代收 (dàishōu)
* 代敘 / 代叙
* 代數 / 代数 (dàishù)
* 代數學 / 代数学 (dàishùxué)
* 代數式 / 代数式 (dàishùshì)
* 代斲
* 代明
* 代易
* 代書 / 代书 (dàishū)
* 代替 (dàitì)
* 代替品
* 代替物
* 代替財 / 代替财
* 代本
* 代杖
* 代東 / 代东
* 代板
* 以桃代李
* 代步 (dàibù)
* 代母 (dàimǔ)
* 代比
* 代淨 / 代净
* 代溝 / 代沟 (dàigōu)
* 代漏龍 / 代漏龙
* 代濟 / 代济
* 代為 / 代为 (dàiwéi)
* 代為說項 / 代为说项
* 代父 (dàifù)
* 代班
* 代理 (dàilǐ)
* 代理人 (dàilǐrén)
* 代理商 (dàilǐshāng)
* 代理戰爭 / 代理战争
* 代用 (dàiyòng)
* 代用品 (dàiyòngpǐn)
* 代田
* 代田法
* 代留
* 代碼 / 代码 (dàimǎ)
* 代碼機 / 代码机
* 代稱 / 代称 (dàichēng)
* 代立
* 代筆 / 代笔 (dàibǐ)
* 代筆遺囑 / 代笔遗嘱
* 代管 (dàiguǎn)
* 代籍
* 代糖 (dàitáng)
* 代紀 / 代纪
* 代終 / 代终
* 代縣 / 代县 (Dàixiàn)
* 代罪羔羊 (dàizuì gāoyáng)
* 代翟
* 代耕
* 以耳代目
* 代脈 / 代脉
* 代興 / 代兴
* 代舍
* 代舞
* 代英
* 代茶
* 以茶代酒 (yǐchádàijiǔ)
* 代號 / 代号 (dàihào)
* 以蠟代薪 / 以蜡代薪
* 代行 (dàixíng)
* 代表 (dàibiǎo)
* 代表作 (dàibiǎozuò)
* 代表團 / 代表团 (dàibiǎotuán)
* 代襲 / 代袭
* 代見 / 代见
* 代解
* 代言 (dàiyán)
* 代言人 (dàiyánrén)
* 以計代戰 / 以计代战
* 代詞 / 代词 (dàicí)
* 代語 / 代语
* 代課 / 代课 (dàikè)
* 代謝 / 代谢 (dàixiè)
* 代謝作用 / 代谢作用
* 代議制 / 代议制 (dàiyìzhì)
* 代議士 / 代议士 (dàiyìshì)
* 代議政治 / 代议政治
* 代谷
* 代購 / 代购 (dàigòu)
* 代贖 / 代赎 (dàishú)
* 代起
* 代越
* 代越庖俎
* 代身
* 代輸 / 代输
* 代辦 / 代办 (dàibàn)
* 代追
* 代運 / 代运
* 代遷 / 代迁
* 代邀
* 代還 / 代还
* 代邸
* 代郡 (Dàijùn)
* 代郵 / 代邮
* 代金 (dàijīn)
* 代銷 / 代销 (dàixiāo)
* 代銷商 / 代销商
* 代雁
* 代電 / 代电
* 代面
* 以韓代明 / 以韩代明
* 代領 / 代领 (dàilǐng)
* 代食
* 代飯 / 代饭
* 代馬 / 代马
* 代馬依風 / 代马依风
* 代馬望北 / 代马望北
* 休代
* 來代 / 来代
* 倩代
* 借代 (jièdài)
* 傳代 / 传代 (chuándài)
* 傳宗接代 / 传宗接代 (chuánzōngjiēdài)
* 僑選代表 / 侨选代表
* 億代 / 亿代
* 僵李代桃
* 僵桃代李
* 元生代
* 先代 (xiāndài)
* 全權代表 / 全权代表
* 八代 (Bādài)
* 六代
* 公侯萬代 / 公侯万代
* 共同代理
* 共同代表
* 共和時代 / 共和时代
* 冠代
* 冰河時代 / 冰河时代
* 列代
* 前五代
* 前代 (qiándài)
* 劃時代 / 划时代 (huàshídài)
* 勝代 / 胜代
* 包辦代替 / 包办代替 (bāobàn dàitì)
* 十代冥王
* 千秋萬代 / 千秋万代 (qiānqiūwàndài)
* 千齡萬代 / 千龄万代
* 升級換代 / 升级换代
* 即代
* 原子時代 / 原子时代
* 原生代 (Yuánshēngdài)
* 厭代 / 厌代
* 及瓜而代
* 叔代
* 受代
* 取代 (qǔdài)
* 取而代之 (qǔ'érdàizhī)
* 古代 (gǔdài)
* 史前時代 / 史前时代 (shǐqián shídài)
* 古生代 (Gǔshēng Dài)
* 吉格代加依 (Jígédàijiāyī)
* 告代
* 君權時代 / 君权时代
* 命代
* 四代
* 國代 / 国代
* 國大代表 / 国大代表
* 地代
* 基礎代謝 / 基础代谢 (jīchǔ dàixiè)
* 增額國代 / 增额国代
* 多歷年代 / 多历年代
* 太古代 (Tàigǔdài)
* 天工人代
* 奕代
* 嬗代
* 子代
* 季代
* 孢子世代
* 將李代桃 / 将李代桃
* 尸祝代庖
* 布代
* 布林代數 / 布林代数
* 希代
* 幕府時代 / 幕府时代
* 年代 (niándài)
* 年湮代遠 / 年湮代远
* 庖代
* 彌代 / 弥代
* 往代
* 後五代 / 后五代
* 後代 / 后代 (hòudài)
* 得代
* 恆代遺風 / 恒代遗风
* 恐怖時代 / 恐怖时代
* 懸壺代哭 / 悬壶代哭
* 成年古代
* 戰代 / 战代
* 戰國時代 / 战国时代 (Zhànguó Shídài)
* 指代 (zhǐdài)
* 换代 (huàndài)
* 換代 / 换代 (huàndài)
* 搖籃時代 / 摇篮时代
* 擔代 / 担代
* 攘代
* 攝代 / 摄代
* 改姓易代
* 改朝換代 / 改朝换代 (gǎicháohuàndài)
* 啟蒙時代 / 启蒙时代 (Qǐméng Shídài)
* 新五代史
* 新故代謝 / 新故代谢
* 新時代 / 新时代 (xīnshídài)
* 新生代
* 新陳代謝 / 新陈代谢 (xīnchén dàixiè)
* 斷代 / 断代 (duàndài)
* 斷代史 / 断代史 (duàndàishǐ)
* 日據時代 / 日据时代
* 日治時代 / 日治时代
* 易代
* 明代 (Míngdài)
* 昭代
* 時代 / 时代 (shídài)
* 時代病 / 时代病
* 時代精神 / 时代精神 (shídài jīngshén)
* 時代週刊 / 时代周刊
* 晚代
* 曠代 / 旷代
* 曠代一人 / 旷代一人
* 曩代
* 更代 (gēngdài)
* 更新換代 / 更新换代
* 替代 (tìdài)
* 替代作用
* 替代品 (tìdàipǐn)
* 替代能源
* 朝代 (cháodài)
* 末代 (mòdài)
* 末代孫 / 末代孙
* 末代皇帝
* 李代桃僵 (lǐdàitáojiāng)
* 李代桃殭 / 李代桃僵
* 桃僵李代
* 棄代 / 弃代
* 橋代 / 桥代
* 權代 / 权代
* 歲代 / 岁代
* 歷代 / 历代 (lìdài)
* 歷史時代 / 历史时代
* 殊代
* 民代 (míndài)
* 民意代表 (mínyì dàibiǎo)
* 永代
* 求代
* 沒代 / 没代
* 注代
* 法定代理
* 洪荒時代 / 洪荒时代
* 海權時代 / 海权时代
* 清代 (Qīngdài)
* 漁獵時代 / 渔猎时代
* 濁代 / 浊代
* 激素替代療法 / 激素替代疗法 (jīsù tìdài liáofǎ)
* 濟代 / 济代
* 燕代 (Yān Dài)
* 燕雁代飛 / 燕雁代飞
* 猒代
* 班代
* 班代表
* 理代
* 現代 / 现代 (xiàndài)
* 現代主義 / 现代主义 (xiàndài zhǔyì)
* 現代人 / 现代人 (xiàndàirén)
* 現代化 / 现代化 (xiàndàihuà)
* 現代史 / 现代史
* 現代建築 / 现代建筑
* 現代戲 / 现代戏
* 現代繪畫 / 现代绘画
* 現代舞 / 现代舞 (xiàndàiwǔ)
* 現代芭蕾 / 现代芭蕾
* 現代藝術 / 现代艺术
* 現代詩 / 现代诗
* 理性時代 / 理性时代
* 瓜代 (guādài)
* 生代
* 用代楮敬
* 異代 / 异代
* 番代
* 當代 / 当代 (dāngdài)
* 疇代 / 畴代
* 疑問代詞 / 疑问代词 (yíwèn dàicí)
* 百代
* 百代城
* 百代文宗
* 百代過客 / 百代过客
* 皇代
* 盛代
* 石器時代 / 石器时代 (Shíqì Shídài)
* 祖代 (zǔdài)
* 祖宗三代 (zǔzōng sān dài)
* 祖宗八代
* 神權時代 / 神权时代
* 禪代 / 禅代
* 萬代 / 万代 (wàndài)
* 萬代一時 / 万代一时
* 萬代千秋 / 万代千秋 (wàndàiqiānqiū)
* 秦二代
* 稀代
* 積代 / 积代
* 空間時代 / 空间时代
* 第二代
* 篡代
* 簡代 / 简代
* 累代 (lěidài)
* 絕代 / 绝代 (juédài)
* 絕代佳人 / 绝代佳人
* 綿代 / 绵代
* 線性代數 / 线性代数 (xiànxìng dàishù)
* 緩步代車 / 缓步代车
* 總代理 / 总代理
* 纂代
* 繼代 / 继代
* 聖代 / 圣代 (shèngdài)
* 肏你祖宗十八代 (cào nǐ zǔzōng shíbā dài)
* 胞子世代
* 臨時代辦 / 临时代办
* 興代 / 兴代
* 舊五代史 / 旧五代史
* 蓋代 / 盖代
* 藉箸代籌 / 借箸代筹
* 補代 / 补代
* 親代 / 亲代
* 討替代 / 讨替代
* 請代 / 请代
* 談判代表 / 谈判代表
* 資代 / 资代
* 資訊時代 / 资讯时代
* 越俎代庖 (yuèzǔdàipáo)
* 越俎代謀 / 越俎代谋
* 輒代 / 辄代
* 輓代 / 挽代
* 近代 (jìndài)
* 迭代 (diédài)
* 違代 / 违代
* 遐代
* 運代 / 运代
* 遞代 / 递代
* 遠代 / 远代
* 遠古時代 / 远古时代
* 遷代 / 迁代
* 遺臭萬代 / 遗臭万代
* 邏輯代數 / 逻辑代数
* 配子世代
* 重代
* 銅器時代 / 铜器时代
* 鐵器時代 / 铁器时代 (Tiěqì Shídài)
* 閒代 / 闲代
* 隔代 (gédài)
* 隔代遺傳 / 隔代遗传 (gédài yíchuán)
* 霸代日
* 青銅時代 / 青铜时代 (qīngtóng shídài)
* 革代
* 頃代 / 顷代
* 頂代 / 顶代
* 頂名代告 / 顶名代告
* 風華絕代 / 风华绝代
* 香煙後代 / 香烟后代
* 驕代 / 骄代
* 驚代 / 惊代
* 黃金時代 / 黄金时代 (huángjīn shídài)
* 黑暗時代 / 黑暗时代 (Hēi'ànshídài)
* 黨代表 / 党代表 (dǎngdàibiǎo)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 代(だい) (dai)
* → Korean: 대(代) (dae)
* → Vietnamese: đại (代)
Others:
* → Vietnamese: đời (𠁀)

### Etymology 2

From 事 (OC *zrɯs).

#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi
*** Tâi-lô: tāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dai
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tai³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³/

#### Definitions

代
* (Southern Min) affair; matter

#### Compounds

* 代誌 / 代志 (tāi-chì)
* 可憐代 / 可怜代 (khó-lîn-tāi)
* 啥代 (siáⁿ-tāi)

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 代 – see 戴 (“to wear something on the head; to carry on the head; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 戴).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### References

* “代”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: だい (dai, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
* Kun: かわる (kawaru, 代わる, Jōyō)、かわる (kawaru, 代る)、かわり (kawari, 代り)、かわり (kawari, 代わり)、かえる (kaeru, 代える, Jōyō)、よ (yo, 代, Jōyō)、しろ (shiro, 代, Jōyō)
* Nanori: す (su)

#### Compounds

* 代(か)わる, 代(かわ)る (kawaru, “succeed, relieve”)
* 代(か)わり, 代(かわ)り (kawari, “substitute, replacement”)
* 代(が)わり, 代(がわ)り (-gawari, “substitute for”)
* 代(か)える (kaeru, “replace, exchange”)
* 代(か)え (kae, “change, alteration”)
* 代(だい)代(だい), 代(だい)々(だい) (daidai), 代(よ)代(よ), 代(よ)々(よ) (yoyo, “for generations”)
* 代(だい)案(あん) (daian, “alternate plan”)
* 代(だい)位(い) (daī, “subrogation, substitution”)
* 代(だい)印(いん) (daīn, “signing by proxy”)
* 代(だい)員(いん) (daīn, “proxy”)
* 代(だい)演(えん) (daien, “substitute for another”)
* 代(だい)価(か) (daika, “price, cost”)
* 代(だい)官(かん) (daikan, “Edo-period prefectural governor”)
* 代(だい)艦(かん) (daikan, “replacement warship”)
* 代(だい)願(がん) (daigan, “praying by proxy”)
* 代(だい)議(ぎ) (daigi, “representing others in a conference”)
* 代(だい)休(きゅう) (daikyū, “compensatory holiday”)
* 代(だい)金(きん) (daikin, “price, payment”)
* 代(だい)言(げん) (daigen, “advocacy”)
* 代(だい)行(こう) (daikō, “acting as agent”)
* 代(だい)講(こう) (daikō, “substitute lecturing”)
* 代(だい)作(さく) (daisaku, “ghost-writing”)
* 代(だい)参(さん) (daisan, “visiting a temple for another”)
* 代(だい)謝(しゃ) (daisha, “renewal, regeneration”)
* 代(だい)車(しゃ) (daisha, “loaner vehicle”)
* 代(だい)署(しょ) (daisho, “sign for another”)
* 代(だい)書(しょ) (daisho, “amanuensis, scribe”)
* 代(だい)償(しょう) (daishō, “compensation, indemnification”)
* 代(だい)将(しょう) (daishō, “brigadier general”)
* 代(だい)親(しん) (daishin, “godparent”)
* 代(だい)診(しん) (daishin, “doctor's assistance”)
* 代(だい)数(すう) (daisū, “algebra”)
* 代(だい)僧(そう) (daisō, “substitute priest”)
* 代(だい)走(そう) (daisō, “substitute runner”)
* 代(だい)打(だ) (daida, “pinch-hitting”)
* 代(だい)替(たい) (daitai), 代(だい)替(がえ) (daigae, “substitution, alternation”)
* 代(だい)地(ち) (daichi, “substitute land”)
* 代(だい)置(ち) (daichi, “replace”)
* 代(だい)読(どく) (daidoku, “reading for another”)
* 代(だい)入(にゅう) (dainyū, “substitution, assignment”)
* 代(だい)人(にん) (dainin, “substitute, deputy”)
* 代(だい)任(にん) (dainin, “agency, acting official”)
* 代(だい)納(のう) (dainō, “payment for another”)
* 代(だい)筆(ひつ) (daihitsu, “amanuensis”)
* 代(だい)表(ひょう) (daihyō, “representative, representation”)
* 代(だい)品(ひん) (daihin, “substitute article”)
* 代(だい)父(ふ) (daifu, “godfather”)
* 代(だい)物(ぶつ) (daibutsu, “substitute”)
* 代(だい)返(へん) (daihen, “answer a roll call for another”)
* 代(だい)弁(べん) (daiben, “pay by proxy”)
* 代(だい)母(ぼ) (daibo, “godmother”)
* 代(だい)務(む) (daimu, “vicarious management”)
* 代(だい)役(やく) (daiyaku, “substitute, substitution”)
* 代(だい)用(よう) (daiyō, “substitution”)
* 代(だい)理(り) (dairi, “representation, agency”)
* 代(たい)赭(しゃ) (taisha, “red ocher”)
* 代(しろ)物(もの) (shiromono, “thing, article”)
* 代(しろ)掻(か)き, 代(しろか)き (shirokaki, “preparing a rice field for planting”)
* 代(だい)引(び)き (daibiki, “cash on delivery”)
* 代(だい)待(ま)ち (daimachi, “waiting in place of someone else”)
* 代(だい)替(が)え (daigae, “substitution, alternation”)
* 代(だい)稽(げい)古(こ) (daigeiko, “substitute teaching”)
* 代(だい)執(しっ)行(こう) (daishikkō, “carrying out by proxy”)
* 代(だい)神楽(かぐら) (daikagura, “grand kagura performance”)
* 代(だい)諾(だく)者(しゃ) (daidakusha, “legal representative”)
* 代(だい)当(とう)主(しゅ) (daitōshu, “nth-generation head of a family”)
* 代(だい)動(どう)詞(し) (daidōshi, “pro-verb”)
* 代(だい)燃(ねん)車(しゃ) (dainensha, “car running on substitute fuel”)
* 代(だい)名(めい)詞(し) (daimeishi, “pronoun”)
* 代(だい)理(り)人(にん) (dairinin, “representative, deputy”)
* 代(だい)議(ぎ)士(し) (daigishi, “member of the Diet”)
* 代(だい)替(たい)エネルギー (daitai enerugī, “alternative energy”)
* 代(だい)名(めい)動(どう)詞(し) (daimei-dōshi, “pronominal verb”)
* 代(だい)が変(か)わる (dai ga kawaru, “change hands”)
* 揚(あげ)代(だい), 揚(あ)げ代(だい) (agedai, “fee paid for a geisha”)
* 足(あし)代(だい) (ashidai, “traveling expenses”)
* 阿(あ)代(しろ) (ashiro, “Ophidion asiro”)
* 網(あ)代(じろ) (ajiro, “wickerwork”)
* 網(あみ)代(しろ) (amishiro, “dividing up a fishing catch”)
* 幾(いく)代(よ) (ikuyo, “generations, ages”)
* 一(いち)代(だい) (ichidai, “generation, lifetime”)
* 永(えい)代(たい) (eitai, “permanence, eternity”)
* 往(おう)代(だい) (ōdai, “ancient times”)
* 形(かた)代(しろ) (katashiro, “representation of a sacred object”)
* 壁(かべ)代(しろ) (kabeshiro, “separating curtain”)
* 神(かみ)代(よ) (kamiyo), 神(じん)代(だい) (jindai, “ancient time”)
* 関(かん)代(だい) (kandai, “relative pronoun”)
* 希(き)代(だい), 稀(き)代(だい) (kidai), 希(き)代(たい), 稀(き)代(たい) (kitai, “rarity, uncommonness”)
* 近(きん)代(だい) (kindai, “present day”)
* 玉(ぎょく)代(だい) (gyokudai, “time charge for a geisha”)
* 薬(くすり)代(だい) (kusuridai, “charge for medicine”)
* 車(くるま)代(だい) (kurumadai, “carfare, cartage fee”)
* 現(げん)代(だい) (gendai, “nowadays, modern era”)
* 更(こう)代(たい) (kōtai, “exchange”)
* 後(こう)代(だい) (kōdai, “posterity”)
* 古(こ)代(だい) (kodai, “ancient times”)
* 五(ご)代(だい) (Godai, “Five Dynasties”)
* 歳(さい)代(だい) (-saidai, “decade”)
* 酒(さく)代(だい) (sakudai, “alcohol expenses”)
* 月(さく)代(やき) (sakuyaki), 月(つま)代(しろ) (tsumashiro, “shaved part of the forehead”)
* 三(さん)代(だい) (sandai, “three generations”)
* 誌(し)代(だい) (shidai, “magazine's price”)
* 昭(しょう)代(だい) (shōdai, “glorious reign”)
* 初(しょ)代(だい) (shodai, “first generation”)
* 身(しん)代(だい) (shindai, “fortune, property”)
* 次(じ)代(だい) (jidai, “the next era”)
* 時(じ)代(だい) (jidai, “period, epoch”)
* 重(じゅう)代(だい) (jūdai, “successive generations”)
* 上(しょう)代(だい) (shōdai), 上(うわ)代(だい) (uwadai, “ancient times”)
* 城(しょう)代(だい) (shōdai, “chamberlain”)
* 聖(せい)代(だい) (seidai, “magnificent imperial reign”)
* 盛(せい)代(だい) (seidai, “prosperous era”)
* 世(せ)代(だい) (sedai, “generation, the world”)
* 先(せん)代(だい) (sendai, “family predecessor”)
* 舌(ぜつ)代(だい) (zetsudai), 舌(した)代(だい) (shitadai, “a notice”)
* 前(ぜん)代(だい) (zendai, “previous generation”)
* 総(そう)代(だい) (sōdai, “representative”)
* 大(だい)代(だい) (daidai, “main telephone number”)
* 地(ち)代(だい) (chidai), 地(じ)代(だい) (jidai, “land rent”)
* 茶(ちゃ)代(だい) (chadai, “a tip”)
* 帳(ちょう)代(だい) (chōdai, “curtained sleeping platform”)
* 手(て)代(だい) (tedai, “sales clerk”)
* 当(とう)代(だい) (tōdai, “the present age”)
* 名(な)代(だい) (nadai, “well-known, fame”)
* 名(みょう)代(だい) (myōdai, “proxy, representative”)
* 苗(なわ)代(しろ) (nawashiro), 苗(なえ)代(しろ) (naeshiro, “rice nursery”)
* 年(ねん)代(だい) (nendai, “age, era”)
* 糊(のり)代(しろ) (norishiro, “overlap width”)
* 花(はん)代(だい) (handai, “price of flowers”)
* 場(ば)代(だい) (badai, “rent, cover charge”)
* 番(ばん)代(だい) (bandai, “taking turns”)
* 本(ほん)代(だい) (hondai, “money for books”)
* 間(ま)代(だい) (madai, “room rent”)
* 末(まつ)代(だい) (matsudai, “forever, in perpetuity”)
* 御(み)代(よ) (miyo, “imperial reign”)
* 明(みん)代(だい) (Mindai, “Ming dynasty”)
* 無(む)代(だい) (mudai, “free of charge”)
* 餅(もち)代(だい) (mochidai, “money to see one over the New Year”)
* 宿(やど)代(だい) (yadodai, “hotel charges”)
* 力(ちから)代(しろ) (chikarashiro, “tax paid to avoid forced labor”)
* 依(より)代(しろ), 依(よ)り代(しろ), 憑(より)代(しろ) (yorishiro, “object representative of a divine spirit”)
* 累(るい)代(だい) (ruidai, “successive generations”)
* 歴(れき)代(だい) (rekidai, “successive generations”)
* 交(こう)代(たい) (kōtai, “alternation, change”)
* 十(じゅう)代(だい) (jūdai, “the teens”)
* 千(せん)代(だい) (sendai), 千(ち)代(よ) (chiyo, “thousand years”)
* 万(ばん)代(だい) (bandai), 万(まん)代(だい) (mandai), 万(よろず)代(よ) (yorozuyo, “thousands of years”)
* 雪(ゆき)代(しろ) (yukishiro, “snow water”)
* 譜(ふ)代(だい) (fudai, “successive generations”)
* 田(た)代(しろ)芋(いも), 田(た)代(しろ)薯(いも) (tashiroimo, “taccad”)
* 何(なん)代(だい)目(め) (nandaime, “what ordinal number”)
* 親(おや)の代(だい) (oya no dai, “parents' generation”)
* 食(く)い代(しろ) (kuishiro, “food expenses”)
* 薬(くすり)の代(しろ) (kusuri no shiro, “cost of medicine”)
* 削(けず)り代(しろ) (kezurishiro, “cutting stock”)
* 綴(ど)じ代(しろ) (dojishiro, “binding margin”)
* 取(と)り代(しろ) (torishiro), 取(とり)代(しろ) (torishiro, “portion, one's share”)
* 縫(ぬ)い代(しろ) (nuishiro, “margin for a seam”)
* 飲(の)み代(しろ), 飲(のみ)代(しろ), 呑(の)み代(しろ) (nomishiro, “drink money”)
* 君(きみ)が代(よ) (kimi ga yo, “imperial reign”)
* 締(し)め代(しろ) (shimeshiro, “interference, jamming”)
* 身(み)の代(しろ)金(きん), 身(みの)代(しろ)金(きん) (minoshirokin, “ransom”)
* バイト代(だい) (baito-dai, “earnings from a part-time job”)
* 切(きっ)符(ぷ)代(だい) (kippudai, “ticket price”)
* 化(け)粧(しょう)代(だい) (keshōdai, “lady's pin money”)
* 研(けん)削(さく)代(しろ) (kensakushiro, “grinding allowance”)
* 師(し)範(はん)代(だい) (shihandai, “assistant instructor”)
* 修(じゅう)理(り)代(だい) (jūridai, “cost of repairs”)
* 手(しゅ)術(じゅつ)代(だい) (shujutsudai, “surgery costs”)
* 食(しょく)事(じ)代(だい) (shokujidai, “cost of a meal”)
* 線(せん)香(こう)代(だい) (senkōdai, “fee for a geisha's time”)
* 洗(せん)濯(たく)代(だい) (sentakudai, “laundry charges”)
* 昼(ちゅう)食(しょく)代(だい) (chūshokudai, “lunch price”)
* 治(ち)療(りょう)代(だい) (chiryōdai, “medical fees”)
* 電(でん)気(き)代(だい) (denkidai, “electric utility expense”)
* 暖(の)簾(れん)代(だい) (norendai, “goodwill”)
* 風(ふ)呂(ろ)代(だい) (furodai, “fee charged at a public bath”)
* 部(へ)屋(や)代(だい) (heyadai, “room rent”)
* 弁(べん)当(とう)代(だい) (bentōdai, “lunch money”)
* 御(み)霊(たま)代(しろ) (mitamashiro, “symbol for the spirit of the dead”)
* 始(し)生(せい)代(だい) (Shiseidai, “Archean”)
* 原(げん)生(せい)代(だい) (Genseidai, “Proterozoic”)
* 顕(けん)生(せい)代(だい) (Kenseidai, “Phanerozoic”)
* 古(こ)生(せい)代(だい) (Koseidai, “Paleozoic”)
* 中(ちゅう)生(せい)代(だい) (Chūseidai, “Mesozoic”)
* 新(しん)生(せい)代(だい) (Shinseidai, “Cenozoic”)
* 大(たい)正(しょう)の代(よ) (Taishō no yo, “Taisho era”)
* 天(てん)神(じん)七(しち)代(だい) (tenjin-shichidai, “seven generations of celestial deities”)
* 強(きょう)直(ちょく)間(かん)代(だい)発(ほっ)作(さ) (kyōchoku-kandai-hossa, “tonic-clonic seizure”)
* 千(せん)九(きゅう)百(ひゃく)年(ねん)代(だい), １９００(せんきゅうひゃく)年(ねん)代(だい) (senkyūhyaku-nen dai, “the 1900s”)
* 明(めい)治(じ)天(てん)皇(のう)の代(よ)に (Meiji tennō no yo ni, “under Emperor Meiji's rule”)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 代
* しろ Grade: 3
* kun'yomi

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しろ [shìróꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [ɕiɾo̞]

#### Noun

代(しろ) • (shiro)
* (archaic) substitution
* (archaic) price, cost, charge
* (historical) shiro, a unit of land

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 代
* よ Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 代 – see the following entry. :
| 【世よ】3 | [noun] world, society [noun] this world, this life [noun] (archaic) generation, age, era [noun] lifetime [noun] lifespan [noun] time of year, season [noun] relationship between a man and a woman [noun] period of a person leading as a patriarch (Can we verify this sense?) |
(This term, 代, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 代
* だい Grade: 3
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 代 (MC dojH).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) だい [dáꜜì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [da̠i]

#### Noun

代(だい) • (dai)
* price
* generation of a family
* reign of a royal
* decade
* era

#### Counter

代(だい) • (-dai)
* generation of a royal family
* era, age, decade

#### Suffix

代(だい) • (-dai)
* charge, fare, rate, fee, price, rent
    服(ふく)代(だい)
       fuku-dai
       money spent on clothes; clothes money
    お菓子(かし)代(だい)
       o-kashi-dai
       snack money; snack fee
* (indicating years spanning a specific period) -ies, -hundreds

##### Alternative forms

* (period of time): 台

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 代 (MC dojH).
* Recorded as Middle Korean ᄄᆡᆼ〮 (Yale: ttóy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean ᄃᆡ〯 (tǒy) (Yale: tǒy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tɛ(ː)] ~ [te̞(ː)]
* Phonetic hangul: [대(ː)/데(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 代 (eumhun 대신할 대 (daesinhal dae)) 代 (eumhun 세대 대 (sedae dae))
* hanja form of 대 (“to replace”) [prefix; affix]
* hanja form of 대 (“generation”) [noun; suffix; affix]

#### Compounds

* 고대 (古代, godae)
* 교대 (交代, gyodae)
* 근대 (近代, geundae)
* 당대 (當代, dangdae)
* 대가 (代價, daega)
* 대금 (代金, daegeum)
* 대리 (代理, daeri)
* 대사 (代謝, daesa)
* 대신 (代身, daesin, “instead”)
* 대역 (代役, daeyeok)
* 대체 (代替, daeche)
* 대표 (代表, daepyo)
* 대행 (代行, daehaeng)
* 세대 (世代, sedae, “generation”)
* 시대 (時代, sidae)
* 역대 (歷代, yeokdae)
* 연대 (年代, yeondae)
* 현대 (現代, hyeondae)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

代: Hán Việt readings: đại (度(đạc)耐(nại)切(thiết))
代: Nôm readings: đời, đãi, đại, dạy, dậy, rượi, đười, đợi
* chữ Hán form of đại (“representative”).
* Nôm form of đời (“life; world; generation; era”).

#### Compounds

* 代表 (đại biểu)
* 代詞 (đại từ)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 3 4 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Hồ (1976).
* 1 2 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).