# 諸葛
## Chinese

* 諸葛姓 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 諸葛氏 (Cantonese)
* Chu-kat (Southern Min)
* Zhuge (English)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Zhūgě, Zhūgé
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨ ㄍㄜˇ, ㄓㄨ ㄍㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu$^1$ got$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Chû-kot
* Eastern Min (BUC): Cṳ̆-gák
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Chu-kat / Chir-kat
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Zhūgě
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ ㄍㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jhugě
*** Wade–Giles: Chu$^1$-ko$^3$
*** Yale: Jū-gě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jugee
*** Palladius: Чжугэ (Čžugɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ kɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Zhūgé
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨ ㄍㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jhugé
*** Wade–Giles: Chu$^1$-ko$^2$
*** Yale: Jū-gé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Juger
*** Palladius: Чжугэ (Čžugɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zyu$^1$ got$^3$
*** Yale: jyū got
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzy$^1$ got$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ju$^1$ god$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syː⁵⁵ kɔːt̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Chû-kot
*** Hakka Romanization System: zu$^ˊ$ god$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zu$^1$ god$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡su²⁴ kot̚²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Cṳ̆-gák
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sy⁵⁵⁻⁵³ $^{(k-)}$ɑʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chu-kat
*** Tâi-lô: Tsu-kat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zu'kad
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ kat̚³²/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² kat̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chir-kat
*** Tâi-lô: Tsir-kat
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ³³ kat̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsyo|tsyae kat
Rime :
| Character | 諸 | 諸 | 葛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 章 (23) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 麻 (100) | 曷 (63) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | I |
| Fanqie | 章魚切 | 正奢切 | 古達切 |
| Baxter | tsyo | tsyae | kat |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨʌ/ | /t͡ɕia/ | /kɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɔ/ | /t͡ɕia/ | /kɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiɔ/ | /t͡ɕia/ | /kɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cɨə̆/ | /cia/ | /kat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiɔ/ | /t͡ɕia/ | /kɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭo/ | /t͡ɕĭa/ | /kɑt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯wo/ | /t͡ɕi̯a/ | /kɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhū | zhē | ge |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zyu$^1$ | ze$^1$ | got$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ta [k]ˤat/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjaː|tja kaːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 諸 | 葛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhū | gé |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyo › | ‹ kat › |
| Old Chinese | /*ta/ | /*[k]ˁat/ |
| English | many | Dolichos; kudzu |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 諸 | 諸 | 葛 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 16959 | 17000 | 5022 |
| Phonetic component | 者 | 者 | 曷 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 魚 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 遮 | 諸 | 葛 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjaː/ | /*tja/ | /*kaːd/ |

### Etymology 1
#### Proper noun

諸葛
* a Chinese compound surname
    諸葛亮／诸葛亮 ― Zhūgě Liàng ― Zhuge Liang
* Zhuge Liang (181–234)
* (～鎮) Zhuge (a town in Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China)
* (～村) Zhuge (a village in Zhuge, Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China)

##### Derived terms

* 三個臭皮匠，勝過諸葛亮 / 三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮 (sān ge chòupíjiàng, shèngguò Zhūgě Liàng)
* 事後諸葛亮 / 事后诸葛亮 (shìhòu Zhūgě Liàng)
* 死諸葛走生仲達 / 死诸葛走生仲达 (sǐ zhūgé zǒu shēng zhòngdá)
* 諸葛亮 / 诸葛亮 (Zhūgě Liàng)
* 諸葛亮借東風 / 诸葛亮借东风 (Zhūgě Liàng jiè dōngfēng)
* 諸葛四郎 / 诸葛四郎
* 諸葛巾 / 诸葛巾
* 諸葛燈 / 诸葛灯
* 賽諸葛 / 赛诸葛

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: 諸葛(しょかつ) (Shokatsu)
* → Korean: 제갈(諸葛) (Jegal)

### Etymology 2

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 諸(もろ)葛(くず) (Morokuzu).

#### Proper noun

諸葛
* An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 諸葛, Morokuzu

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 諸 | 葛 |
| もろ Grade: 6 | くず Grade: S |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 諸葛 (kyūjitai)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mo̞ɾo̞kɯ̟zɨ]

#### Proper noun

諸(もろ)葛(くず) • (Morokuzu)
* a surname

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 諸 | 葛 |
| しょ Grade: 6 | かつ Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 諸葛 (kyūjitai)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕo̞ka̠t͡sɨ]

#### Proper noun

諸(しょ)葛(かつ) • (Shokatsu)
* a surname from Chinese

##### Usage notes

This pronunciation is mainly used in names of Chinese and Korean people. The Japanese surname uses kun’yomi instead.