# 跡

| 跡 | U+8DE1, &#36321; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8DE1 |
| ← 跠 [U+8DE0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 跢 → [U+8DE2] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 跡 |
| Simplified | 迹 |
| Traditional | 跡/蹟 |

### Han character

跡 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口一卜中金 (RMYLC), four-corner 6013$_0$, composition ⿰𧾷亦)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1224, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37493
* Dae Jaweon: page 1696, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3706, character 2
* Unihan data for U+8DE1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 夜 | *laːɡs |
| 鵺 | *laːɡs |
| 迹 | *ʔsleːɡ |
| 跡 | *ʔsleːɡ |
| 亦 | *laːɡ |
| 弈 | *laːɡ |
| 奕 | *laːɡ |
| 帟 | *laːɡ |
| 腋 | *laːɡ |
| 掖 | *laːɡ |
| 焲 | *laːɡ |
| 液 | *laːɡ |
Variant of 迹 using a semantic component with similar meaning; see there for more. Current form is a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsleːɡ) : semantic 𧾷 (“foot”) + phonetic 亦 (OC *laːɡ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jì, jī
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ, ㄐㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zik$^1$ / zek$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chiak
    (Hailu, HRS): zid
    (Meixian, Guangdong): jiag$^5$
* Eastern Min (BUC): ciáh / cék
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zia$^5$ / zih$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiah / liah / tiah / jiah / chiak / chek
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziah$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$ciq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jì
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^4$
*** Yale: jì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jī
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ji
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^1$
*** Yale: jī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zik$^1$ / zek$^3$
*** Yale: jīk / jek
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzik$^7$ / dzek$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jig$^1$ / zég$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪk̚⁵/, /t͡sɛːk̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiak
*** Hakka Romanization System: jiag$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: jiag$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯ak̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zid
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sit⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: jiag$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡siak̚¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ciáh / cék
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siɑʔ²⁴/, /t͡sɛiʔ²⁴/
* ciáh - vernacular;
* cék - literary.
* Middle Chinese: tsjek
Rime :
| Character | 跡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 資昔切 |
| Baxter | tsjek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡siᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡siæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡siajk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡si̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ji |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ek/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsleːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 跡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsjek › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]ek/ |
| English | footprint, traces |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 跡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14995 |
| Phonetic component | 亦 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 積 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsleːɡ/ |
| Notes | 同跡見左傳 |

### Definitions

跡
* footprint; trace; mark
    足跡／足迹 ― zújì ― footprint
    血跡／血迹 ― xuèjì ― bloodstain
    筆跡／笔迹 ― bǐjì ― handwriting; writing
    毀屍滅跡／毁尸灭迹 ― huǐshīmièjì ― to destroy the evidence of one's crime
* remains; ruin; vestige
    古跡／古迹 ― gǔjì ― historical site
* thing done; deed; exploit
    奇跡／奇迹 ― qíjì ― miracle
    劣跡／劣迹 ― lièjì ― wrongdoing
* (Hokkien) Classifier for a place.
    這跡／这迹 [Hokkien] ― chit-liah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― here; this place
* (Zhangzhou Hokkien) Classifier for marks, prints, and traces.

#### Usage notes

* In Taiwan, both 跡 and 蹟 are standard forms. 蹟 is used in some compounds like 奇蹟 and 事蹟 (in which 跡 or 迹 are acceptable but could be seen as informal), while 跡 is used in others like 痕跡 and 筆跡 (in which 跡 should not be written as 蹟).
* In Hong Kong, only 跡 is the standard form, while 蹟 and 迹 are acceptable variant forms.

### Compounds

* 不著痕跡 / 不着痕迹 (bùzhuóhénjì)
* 並跡 / 并迹
* 事跡 / 事迹 (shìjì)
* 人跡 / 人迹 (rénjì)
* 人跡杳然 / 人迹杳然
* 人跡罕至 / 人迹罕至 (rénjìhǎnzhì)
* 來蹤去跡 / 来踪去迹
* 兔跡狐蹤 / 兔迹狐踪
* 削跡 / 削迹
* 剗跡 / 刬迹
* 劣跡 / 劣迹 (lièjì)
* 劣跡昭著 / 劣迹昭着
* 勝跡 / 胜迹 (shèngjì)
* 匿跡 / 匿迹 (nìjì)
* 匿跡潛形 / 匿迹潜形
* 匿跡銷聲 / 匿迹销声
* 匿跡隱形 / 匿迹隐形
* 史跡 / 史迹 (shǐjì)
* 古跡 / 古迹 (gǔjì)
* 名勝古跡 / 名胜古迹 (míngshèng gǔjì)
* 奇跡 / 奇迹 (qíjì)
* 奇蹤異跡 / 奇踪异迹
* 奧跡 / 奥迹 (àojì)
* 字跡 / 字迹 (zìjì)
* 安跡 / 安迹
* 寄跡 / 寄迹
* 密跡 / 密迹
* 密跡金剛 / 密迹金刚
* 尋蹤覓跡 / 寻踪觅迹
* 對筆跡 / 对笔迹
* 屏跡 / 屏迹 (bǐngjì)
* 平面描跡 / 平面描迹
* 弢跡匿光 / 弢迹匿光
* 形跡 / 形迹 (xíngjì)
* 形跡可疑 / 形迹可疑
* 形跡敗露 / 形迹败露
* 影跡 / 影迹 (yǐngjì)
* 心跡 / 心迹 (xīnjì)
* 手跡 / 手迹 (shǒujì)
* 投跡 / 投迹
* 拔跡 / 拔迹
* 探尋勝跡 / 探寻胜迹
* 斂跡 / 敛迹 (liǎnjì)
* 晦跡 / 晦迹
* 晦跡韜光 / 晦迹韬光
* 書跡 / 书迹 (shūjì)
* 杜門屏跡 / 杜门屏迹
* 杜門晦跡 / 杜门晦迹
* 杳無人跡 / 杳无人迹
* 杳無蹤跡 / 杳无踪迹
* 殺人滅跡 / 杀人灭迹
* 毀屍滅跡 / 毁尸灭迹 (huǐshīmièjì)
* 比跡 / 比迹
* 汗跡 / 汗迹
* 泯然無跡 / 泯然无迹
* 治跡 / 治迹
* 泯跡 / 泯迹
* 流風遺跡 / 流风遗迹
* 消聲匿跡 / 消声匿迹
* 消聲滅跡 / 消声灭迹
* 浪跡 / 浪迹 (làngjì)
* 浪跡天下 / 浪迹天下
* 浪跡天涯 / 浪迹天涯
* 浪跡江湖 / 浪迹江湖
* 海跡湖 / 海迹湖
* 浪跡萍蹤 / 浪迹萍踪
* 混跡 / 混迹
* 淪跡 / 沦迹
* 滅跡 / 灭迹 (mièjì)
* 潛形匿跡 / 潜形匿迹
* 潛蹤隱跡 / 潜踪隐迹
* 潛身遠跡 / 潜身远迹
* 濡跡 / 濡迹
* 無跡可尋 / 无迹可寻
* 王跡 / 王迹
* 畏影惡跡 / 畏影恶迹
* 略跡原心 / 略迹原心
* 略跡原情 / 略迹原情 (lüèjìyuánqíng)
* 痕跡 / 痕迹 (hénjì)
* 發跡 / 发迹 (fājì)
* 發跡變泰 / 发迹变泰
* 真跡 / 真迹 (zhēnjì)
* 禹跡 / 禹迹
* 穢跡 / 秽迹
* 筆跡 / 笔迹 (bǐjì)
* 筆跡鑑定 / 笔迹鉴定
* 絕跡 / 绝迹 (juéjì)
* 聲跡彰露 / 声迹彰露
* 腳跡 / 脚迹 (jiǎojì)
* 舊跡 / 旧迹 (jiùjì)
* 著跡 / 着迹
* 萍蹤梗跡 / 萍踪梗迹
* 萍蹤浪跡 / 萍踪浪迹
* 葉跡 / 叶迹
* 蛛絲馬跡 / 蛛丝马迹 (zhūsīmǎjì)
* 血跡 / 血迹
* 血跡斑斑 / 血迹斑斑
* 行跡 / 行迹 (xíngjì)
* 表明心跡 / 表明心迹
* 襲跡 / 袭迹
* 託跡 / 托迹
* 變跡埋名 / 变迹埋名
* 足跡 / 足迹 (zújì)
* 跡地 / 迹地 (jìdì)
* 跡捕 / 迹捕
* 跡象 / 迹象 (jìxiàng)
* 蹤跡 / 踪迹 (zōngjì)
* 車塵馬跡 / 车尘马迹
* 車轍馬跡 / 车辙马迹
* 軌跡 / 轨迹 (guǐjì)
* 轍跡 / 辙迹
* 逃名晦跡 / 逃名晦迹
* 追蹤躡跡 / 追踪蹑迹
* 遁名匿跡 / 遁名匿迹
* 遁跡 / 遁迹 (dùnjì)
* 遐跡 / 遐迹
* 遁跡潛形 / 遁迹潜形
* 遁跡銷聲 / 遁迹销声
* 遯跡山林 / 遁迹山林
* 遺跡 / 遗迹 (yíjì)
* 邁跡 / 迈迹
* 銷聲匿跡 / 销声匿迹 (xiāoshēngnìjì)
* 銷聲斂跡 / 销声敛迹
* 陳跡 / 陈迹 (chénjì)
* 隱跡埋名 / 隐迹埋名
* 隱跡藏名 / 隐迹藏名
* 韜光晦跡 / 韬光晦迹
* 韜光滅跡 / 韬光灭迹
* 韜光隱跡 / 韬光隐迹
* 韜聲匿跡 / 韬声匿迹
* 風萍浪跡 / 风萍浪迹
* 駢肩累跡 / 骈肩累迹
* 墨跡 / 墨迹 (mòjì)
* 龜文鳥跡 / 龟文鸟迹

### References

* “跡”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* tracks

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゃく (shaku)
* Kan-on: せき (seki, Jōyō)
* Kun: あと (ato, 跡, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 足(あし)跡(あと) (ashiato)
* 遺(い)跡(せき) (iseki), 遺(ゆい)跡(せき) (yuiseki)
* 奇(き)跡(せき) (kiseki): miracle
* 形(けい)跡(せき) (keiseki)
* 史(し)跡(せき) (shiseki)
* 足(そく)跡(せき) (sokuseki)
* 焼(や)け跡(あと) (yakeato)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 跡
* あと Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 痕 迹 址 𫐤
Compound of 足(あ) (a, “foot”) + 所(と) (to, “place”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あと [áꜜtò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [a̠to̞]

#### Noun

跡(あと) • (ato)
* evidence of something passing; footsteps, trace, tracks
    靴(くつ)の跡(あと) ― kutsu no ato ― shoeprints
    犯(はん)人(にん)の跡(あと)を追(お)う
       hannin no ato o ou
       track down the criminal
       (literally, “follow the trace of the criminal”)
* mark or trace left on something after a certain act is done to it
    Synonyms: 痕跡, 形跡
    手(しゅ)術(じゅつ)の痕(あと) ― shujutsu no ato ― surgical scar
    水(みず)茎(くき)の跡(あと) ― mizukuki no ato ― handwriting (literally, “traces of a pen”)
* remains, ruins
    寺(じ)院(いん)の址(あと) ― jīn no ato ― remains of a temple
* family estate or property
    Synonym: 家督
* precedent, example
    Synonym: 先例
    古(こ)人(じん)の跡(あと)にならう
       kojin no ato ni narau
       follow in the footsteps of the ancients

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 跡
* せき Grade: S
* kan'on
* Alternative spellings
* 迹 蹟
From Middle Chinese 跡 (MC tsjek).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [se̞kʲi]

#### Noun

跡(せき) • (seki)
* footsteps, tracks
* trace, mark; remains
* family possessions
    名(みょう)跡(せき) ― myōseki ― family name
    門(もん)跡(ぜき) ― monzeki ― Monzeki temple

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 跡
* と Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Aphesis of 跡(あと) (ato).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [to̞]

#### Noun

跡(と) • (to)
* Used in compound terms such as 跡(と)絶(だ)える (todaeru, “to cut off, sever”), 跡(と)見(み) (tomi, “tracking (in hunting)”), etc.

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕʌ̹k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [적]

### Hanja

Wikisource 跡 • (jeok) (hangeul 적)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

跡: Hán Nôm readings: tích
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.