# 독

| 독 | U+B3C5, &#46021; HANGUL SYLLABLE DOG |
| Composition: | ㄷ + ㅗ + ㄱ |
| ← 도 [U+B3C4] | Hangul Syllables | 돆 → [U+B3C6] |
도독돆돇돈돉돊 돋돌돍돎돏돐돑 돒돓돔돕돖돗돘 동돚돛돜돝돞돟 :
| 뎨 ← | → 돠 |

## Korean
### Etymology 1

First attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean 독 (Yale: twòk).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [to̞k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [독]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 독의 / 독에 / 독까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word takes low pitch only before consonant-initial multisyllabic suffixes.

#### Noun

독 • (dok)
* jar, pot (made of clay)
    독 안에 든 쥐 ― dok an-e deun jwi ― being in a helpless situation (literally, “a rat in a jar”)

##### Derived terms

* 김장독 (gimjangdok)
* 김칫독 (gimchitdok)
* 똥독 (ttongdok)
* 물독 (muldok)
* 술독 (suldok)
* 오줌독 (ojumdok)
* 장독 (jangdok)

##### See also

* 단지 (danji)

### Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 毒. From Middle Korean 독〮 (Yale: twók).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [to̞k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [독]
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 독의 / 독에 / 독까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.

#### Noun

독 • (dok) (hanja 毒)
* poison; venom

##### Derived terms

* 독(毒)하다 (dokhada)
* See the hanja entry at 毒 for Sino-Korean compounds of 독 (毒, dok).

### Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 獨.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [to̞k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [독]

#### Proper noun

독 • (Dok) (hanja 獨)
* Short for 독일(獨逸) (Dogil, “Germany”).

##### Usage notes

* In news headlines, this is usually written solely in the hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any hanja.

#### Prefix

독— • (dok-) (hanja 獨)
* by/for a single person
    ‎독(獨) (dok) + ‎무대(舞臺) (mudae, “stage”) → ‎독무대(獨舞臺) (dongmudae, “having the stage to oneself”)

#### Derived terms

* See the hanja entry at 獨 for Sino-Korean compounds of 독 (獨, dok).

### Etymology 4

Borrowed from English dock.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [to̞k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [독]

#### Noun

독 • (dok)
* dock (for repairing and building ships)
    Synonym: 선거(船渠) (seon'geo)

### Etymology 5
#### Noun

독 • (dok)
* Gyeongsang, Seoul, Jeolla dialect, and Chungcheong form of 돌 (dol, “rock”)
** 1982 October 26, 송도헌 [songdoheon], “명당의 천리도 모르는 도선 [myeongdang'ui cheollido moreuneun doseon]”, in 한국구비문학대계 [han'gukgubimunhakdaegye]‎, 충청북도 영동군 황금면 [chungcheongbukdo yeongdonggun hwanggeummyeon]:널 위에다가 갖다가 독을 고이고 널을 갖다가 놓고...Neol wi-e-daga gatdaga dog-eul goigo neor-eul gatdaga noko...So use the rock to prop up the plank then put the plank there...

### Etymology 6

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

#### Syllable

독 • (dok)
* 匵:
    (MC reading: 匵 (MC duwk))
* 櫝:
    (MC reading: 櫝 (MC duwk))
* 毒: poison
    (eumhun reading: 독 독 (dok dok)) (MC reading: 毒 (MC dowk))
* 涜:
    (MC reading: 涜)
* 瀆:
    (MC reading: 瀆 (MC duwk))
* 犢:
    (MC reading: 犢 (MC duwk))
* 独:
    (MC reading: 独)
* 獨: alone
    (eumhun reading: 홀로 독 (hollo dok)) (MC reading: 獨 (MC duwk))
* 督: supervise, direct
    (eumhun reading: 살필 독 (salpil dok)) (MC reading: 督 (MC towk))
* 禿:
    (MC reading: 禿 (MC thuwk))
* 秃:
    (MC reading: 秃)
* 竺:
    (MC reading: 竺 (MC tuwk|trjuwk|towk))
* 篤: deep, true, sincere, genuine
    (eumhun reading: 도타울 독 (dotaul dok)) (MC reading: 篤 (MC towk))
* 読:
    (MC reading: 読)
* 讀: to read
    (eumhun reading: 읽다 독 (ikda dok)) (MC reading: 讀 (MC duwk))
* 黷:
    (MC reading: 黷 (MC duwk))

## Middle Korean
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tòk/, [tòk̚]

#### Noun

독 (twòk) (locative 도ᄀᆡ〮 (twòk-óy))
* jar; pot

##### Descendants

* Korean: 독 (dok)

### Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 毒 (MC dowk).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tók/, [tók̚]

#### Noun

독〮 (twók) (hanja 毒)
* poison; venom
** 1489, 救急簡易方諺解 / 구급간이방언해 [Gugeupganibang eonhae], pages 6:39a–b:미친〮 가히〮 믈인〮 독〮이〮 다시〮 나거든〮 ᄆᆞᄅᆞᆫ ᄉᆡᇰ아ᇰ을〮 ᄀᆞ〮라 므〮레 프〮러 두〯 돈〯을〮 머그〮면 됴〯ᄒᆞ리〮라mìchín kàhí mùlGín twók-í tàsí nàkètún mòlòn sòyngàng-úl kólà múl-èy púlè twǔ twǒn-úl mèkúmyèn tyǒhòlílàHaving been bitten by a rabid dog, should [the effects of] the poison [i.e. the rabies virus] recur, take two dons of ground dry ginger dissolved in water, and [the symptoms] will get better.

##### Descendants

* Korean: 독(毒) (dok)