# 箏

| 箏 | U+7B8F, &#31631; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B8F |
| ← 箎 [U+7B8E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 箐 → [U+7B90] |
| ㉇ | U+3247, &#12871; CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH KOTO |
| ← ㉆ [U+3246] | Enclosed CJK Letters and Months | ㉈ → [U+3248] |

## Translingual
### Han character

箏 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹月尸木 (HBSD), four-corner 8850$_7$, composition ⿱𥫗爭)

#### Derived characters

* 𬘈

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 887, character 15
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26133
* Dae Jaweon: page 1315, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 5, page 2984, character 7
* Unihan data for U+7B8F

## Chinese

* 箏

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 琤 | *sʰraːŋ, *sʰreːŋ |
| 崢 | *zraːŋ, *zreːŋ |
| 鬇 | *zraːŋ, *zreːŋ |
| 爭 | *ʔsreːŋ |
| 箏 | *ʔsreːŋ |
| 猙 | *ʔsreːŋ, *zeŋʔ |
| 埩 | *ʔsreːŋ, *zreːŋ |
| 諍 | *ʔsreːŋs |
| 凈 | *sʰreːŋ |
| 錚 | *sʰreːŋ |
| 棦 | *sʰreːŋ |
| 竫 | *zreŋʔ |
| 睜 | *zeŋʔ |
| 淨 | *zeŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsreːŋ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ).

### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Possible connection with Persian چنگ (“harp”)?”

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhēng (zheng$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zen$^1$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zang$^1$ / zaang$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zang$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): zen$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chên
    (Meixian, Guangdong): zên$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): zeng$^1$ / ceng$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): cáing
* Eastern Min (BUC): cĕng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): cheng / chng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tsen
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zen$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
*** Wade–Giles: chêng$^1$
*** Yale: jēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
*** Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: zen$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zen
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zang$^1$ / zaang$^1$
*** Yale: jāng / jāang
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzang$^1$ / dzaang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeng$^1$ / zang$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡saːŋ⁵⁵/
* zang1 - literary (common);
* zaang1 - vernacular (less common).
* Middle Chinese: tsreang
Rime :
| Character | 箏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) |
| Final (韻) | 耕 (117) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 側莖切 |
| Baxter | tsreang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃˠɛŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂᵚæŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃɐŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂəɨjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃæŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂæŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zang$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsreːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 箏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17143 |
| Phonetic component | 争 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 爭 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsreːŋ/ |

### Definitions

箏
* zither
    古箏／古筝 ― gǔzhēng ― guzheng

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 箏(そう) (sō)
* → Korean: 쟁(箏) (jaeng)
* → Vietnamese: tranh (箏)

### Compounds

* 古箏 / 古筝 (gǔzhēng)
* 撫箏 / 抚筝
* 放風箏 / 放风筝
* 斷線風箏 / 断线风筝
* 秦箏 / 秦筝 (qínzhēng)
* 箏柱 / 筝柱
* 線斷風箏 / 线断风筝
* 鈿箏 / 钿筝
* 風箏 / 风筝

### See also

* 琴 (qín)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō)
* Kan-on: そう (sō)
* Kun: こと (koto, 箏)

#### Compounds

* 古(こ)箏(そう) (kosō, “guzheng”)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 箏
* こと Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 琴 (Japanese zither)
⟨ko$_2$to$_2$⟩ → */kətə/ → /koto/
From Old Japanese.
Possibly derived from a compound of elements 木 (ko, “tree, wood”, combining form) +‎ 音 (oto, “sound”), with the additional medial o dropped by haplology. Compare the development of 這(は)い入(い)る (haiiru) to 入(はい)る (hairu), or 参(まい)入(い)る (maiiru) to 参(まい)る (mairu).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こと [kóꜜtò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞to̞]

#### Noun

箏(こと) • (koto)
* koto: a Japanese zither derived from the Chinese guzheng
* (colloquial) guzheng: a Chinese zither where the koto was based on [since after the Edo period]

##### Derived terms

* 箏(こと)糸(いと) (kotoito)
* 箏(こと)歌(うた) (kotōta)
* 箏(こと)柱(じ) (kotoji)
* 箏(こと)爪(づめ) (kotozume)
* 琴(こと)の組(くみ) (koto no kumi)
* 歌(うた)箏(ごと) (utagoto)
* 楽(がく)箏(そう) (gakusō)
* 筑(つく)紫(し)箏(ごと) (Tsukushigoto)

##### Descendants

* English: koto

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 箏
* そう Hyōgai
* kan'on
/sau/ → /sɔː/ → /soː/
From Middle Chinese 箏 (MC tsreang).
The kan'on reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) そー [sóꜜò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [so̞ː]

#### Noun

箏(そう) • (sō)
* a guzheng, zheng (Chinese zither)
    Synonym: 古箏 (kosō)

##### Derived terms

* 箏(そう)曲(きょく) (sōkyoku)
* 箏(そう)の琴(こと) (sō no koto)
* 俗(ぞく)箏(そう) (zokusō)

#### Proper noun

箏(そう) • (Sō)
* a surname

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 箏
* しょう Hyōgai
* goon
/ɕau/ → /ɕɔː/ → /ɕoː/
Appears in the Iroha Jiruishō (c. mid-late 12th century).
From Middle Chinese 箏 (MC tsreang). The goon reading, so likely a later borrowing.

#### Noun

箏(しょう) • (shō)
* (possibly obsolete) a guzheng, zheng (Chinese zither), where the koto was based on

##### Derived terms

* 箏(しょう)の琴(こと) (shō no koto)

### See also

* 琴(きん) (kin, “guqin, qin”), another kind of ancient Chinese zither

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

箏 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Old Japanese
### Etymology

Possibly a compound of 木 (ko$_2$, combining form of ki$_2$, “tree, wood”) +‎ 音 (oto$_2$, “sound”), with the additional medial o dropped by haplology or absence of vowel clustering.

### Noun

箏 (ko$_2$to$_2$) (kana こと)
* a Japanese zither derived from the Chinese guzheng
** 720, Nihon Shoki, poem 41:訶羅怒烏之褒珥椰枳之餓阿摩離虛等珥莵句離訶枳譬句椰由羅能斗能斗那訶能異句離珥敷例多莵那豆能紀能佐椰佐椰Karano$_1$ wo sipo ni yaki$_1$ si ga amari ko$_2$to$_2$ ni tukuri kaki$_1$pi$_1$ku ya Yura-no$_2$-to$_1$ no$_2$ to$_1$naka no$_2$ ikuri ni puretatu nadu no$_2$ ki$_2$ no$_2$ sayasaya(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 箏, 琴 (koto)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

箏: Hán Việt readings: tranh
箏: Nôm readings: giành, tranh
* zither (e.g., đàn tranh)

#### Compounds

* 古箏 (cổ tranh)
* 彈箏 (đàn tranh)
* 風箏 (phong tranh)