OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# त्वर्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ত্বৰ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬢ᭄ᬯᬃ (Balinese script)
* ত্বর্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰝𑰿𑰪𑰨𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀭𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* တွရ် (Burmese script)
* ત્વર્ (Gujarati script)
* ਤ੍ਵਰ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌤𑍍𑌵𑌰𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦠ꧀ꦮꦂ (Javanese script)
* 𑂞𑂹𑂫𑂩𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ತ್ವರ್ (Kannada script)
* ត្វរ៑ (Khmer script)
* ຕ຺ວຣ຺ (Lao script)
* ത്വര് (Malayalam script)
* ᢠᠣᠸᠠᡵ (Manchu script)
* 𑘝𑘿𑘪𑘨𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᢐᢦᠷ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦽𑧠𑧊𑧈𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐬𑑂 (Newa script)
* ତ୍ଵର୍ (Odia script)
* ꢡ꣄ꢮꢬ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆠𑇀𑆮𑆫𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖝𑖿𑖪𑖨𑖿 (Siddham script)
* ත්‍වර් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩫 𑪙𑩾𑩼 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚙𑚶𑚦𑚤𑚶 (Takri script)
* த்வர் (Tamil script)
* త్వర్ (Telugu script)
* ตฺวรฺ (Thai script)
* ཏྭ་ར྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒩𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨙𑩇𑨭𑨫𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)twerH- (“to stir, agitate”). Cognate with English stir, steer and possibly storm, as well as perhaps Ancient Greek ὀτρῡ́νω (otrū́nō, “to stir up, rouse; to hasten”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /tʋɐɾ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /t̪ʋɐɾ/

### Root

त्वर् • (tvar)
* to hurry, make haste, move with speed

#### Derived terms

* अतत्वरत् (atatvarat)
* अत्वरिढ्वम् (atvariḍhvam)
* अत्वरिद्ध्वम् (atvariddhvam)
* अत्वरिध्वम् (atvaridhvam)
* तत्वरे (tatvare)
* त्वर (tvara)
* त्वरति (tvarati)
* त्वरते (tvarate)
* त्वरय (tvaraya)
* त्वरयति (tvarayati)
* त्वरा (tvarā)
* त्वरिष्ठास् (tvariṣṭhās)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “त्वर्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0463/3.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “त्वर्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 068
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “त्वर्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 684-5
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 378
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 655
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1100”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1100
# vergleichen
## German
### Etymology

From ver- +‎ gleich +‎ -en.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɛʁˈɡlaɪ̯çən/, [fɛɐ̯ˈɡlaɪ̯çn̩]
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ver‧glei‧chen

### Verb

vergleichen (class 1 strong, third-person singular present vergleicht, past tense verglich, past participle verglichen, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive) to compare
    Synonym: komparieren (comparieren)
    Die Medien vergleichen die Situation mit dem Kalten Krieg.The media are comparing the situation to the Cold War.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* Vergleichen, Vergleicher, Vergleichung
* vergleichend, verglichen

#### Related terms

* abgleichen
* Äpfel mit Birnen vergleichen
* begleichen
* unvergleichbar
* unvergleichlich
* Vergleich
* vergleichbar

### Further reading

* “vergleichen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “vergleichen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “vergleichen” in Duden online
* “vergleichen” in OpenThesaurus.de
# етӏанэ
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jatʼaːna]

### Adverb

етӏанэ • (jetʼanɛ)
* and then
    Шхи етӏанэ еджапӏэм кӏо ― Šxi jetʼanɛ jedžapʼɛm kʷʼo ― Eat and then go to school.
    Етӏанэ джабгъумкӏэ жъугъази метришъэ шъукӏу ― Jetʼanɛ džabğʷumkʼɛ žʷuğazi metriŝɛ šʷukʷʼu ― And then go right for a hundred meters.

#### Synonyms

* (and then): етӏуанэ (jetʷʼanɛ) (Shapsug and Bzhedug)
# realiseren
## Dutch
### Etymology

From French réaliser (“make real”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /reː.aː.liˈzeː.rə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: re‧a‧li‧se‧ren
* Rhymes: -eːrən

### Verb

realiseren
* (transitive) to realize, to achieve, to bring about
    Synonym: verwezenlijken
* (reflexive) to realise (UK), realize (US), to become aware of
    Synonym: beseffen

#### Related terms

* realisatie
# μυρίκη
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

The suffix -ίκη (-íkē) as in ἑλίκη (helíkē) and ἀδίκη (adíkē) is accused of Pre-Greek origin. However, already Lewy saw a Semitic origin, connecting the word because of the bitterants in the plant species to Arabic مُرّ (murr, “bitter”) and Hebrew מֹר (mor, “bitterness, acrimony”). Recognizing an identity with Latin tamarīx (“tamarisk”), various combinations of Afroasiatic origin become supportable, particularly – following Schuchardt – that the Latin form contains a Berber ta- singulative and feminine formant. Note even further the Old Nubian [script needed] (mūr, “Tamarix nilotica”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /my.rí.kɛː/ → /myˈri.ci/ → /miˈri.ci/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /my.rí.kɛː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /myˈri.ke̝/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /myˈri.ci/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /myˈri.ci/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /miˈri.ci/

### Noun

μυρίκη • (muríkē) f (genitive μυρίκης); first declension
* tamarisk (plant of the genus Tamarix)

#### Derived terms

* ἀγριομυρίκη (agriomuríkē)
* Μυρικαῖος (Murikaîos)
* μυρικίνεος (murikíneos)
* μυρίκινος (muríkinos)
* μυρικώδης (murikṓdēs)

#### Descendants

* → Latin: myrīcē
* → Translingual: Myrica

### References

* “μυρίκη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* μυρίκη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
* Lewy, Heinrich (1895) Die semitischen Fremdwörter im Griechischen (in German), Berlin: R. Gaertner’s Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 44
* Schuchardt, Hugo (1909) “Zur Wortgeschichte: 1. Lat. buda; tamarix; mlat. tagantes”, in Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie‎ (in German), volume 33, Halle: Max Niemeyer, page 351
* Schuchardt, Hugo (1918) Die romanischen Lehnwörter im Berberischen (Sitzungsberichte der Wiener Akademie der Wissenschaften; 188, IVth treatise)‎ (in German), Wien: In Kommission bei Alfred Hölder, page 16
# перемелювати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From the переме́л- (peremél-) stem of перемоло́ти (peremolóty) +‎ -ювати (-juvaty). Compare Russian перема́лывать (peremályvatʹ), Belarusian перамо́лваць (pjeramólvacʹ), Polish przemielać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pereˈmɛlʲʊʋɐte]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

переме́лювати • (pereméljuvaty) impf (perfective перемоло́ти) (transitive)
* to grind, to mill (to reduce to smaller pieces by crushing with lateral motion)
* (figuratively) to crush, to grind (to destroy or oppress: people)

#### Derived terms

* переме́лювальний (pereméljuvalʹnyj)
* переме́лювання n (pereméljuvannja)
* переме́люватися impf (pereméljuvatysja)

### References

* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2021), “перемелювати”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 12 (п – підку́рювач), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “перемелювати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1975), “перемелювати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 6 (П – Поїсти), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 224
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “перемелювати”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “перемелювати”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “перемелювати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# dömifinal
## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French demi-finale.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dœˈmi.fi.nal/
* Hyphenation: dö‧mi‧fi‧nal

### Noun

dömifinal (definite accusative dömifinali, plural dömifinaller)
* semi-final
    Synonyms: semifinal, yarı final

#### Related terms

* define
* definisyon
* definitif
* final
* finalist
* finalite
* finalize
* finans
* finansal
* finansman
* finansör
* finiş
* fino
* prefinansman
* rafine
* rafineri
* röfinansman
* semifinal
# ihtisas
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اِخْتِصَاص (iḵtiṣāṣ). Compare Turkish ihtisas.

### Noun

ihtisas
* specialty

#### Declension
### References

* “ihtisas”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ih.tiˈsas/, (definite accusative) /ih.tiˈsaːsɯ/
* Hyphenation: ih‧ti‧sas

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish اختصاص (iḫtiṣāṣ, “a being or becoming special and peculiar, being specially and devotedly attached (to a person), special attachment, exclusive devotion”), from Arabic اِخْتِصَاص (iḵtiṣāṣ), verbal noun of خَصَّ (ḵaṣṣa, “to single out, to distinguish, to be characteristic for, to be peculiar for”).

#### Noun

ihtisas (definite accusative ihtisası, plural ihtisaslar)
* The act of specializing in a field of study, acquiring mastery, specialization.

##### Derived terms

* ihtisas yapmak

##### Related terms

* has
* haseki
* hisse
* husus
* mahsus
* mütehassıs
* tahsis

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish احتساس (iḥtisās, “sensation”), from Arabic اِحْتِسَاس (iḥtisās), verbal noun of حَسَّ (ḥassa, “to be moved with compassion, to feel, to have sensation”).

#### Noun

ihtisas (definite accusative ihtisası, plural ihtisaslar)
* (archaic) Sentiment, sensation, feeling.

##### Related terms

* hassas
* his
* ihsas
* mütehassis
* tahassüs

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اختصاص”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 42
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ihtisas”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “احتساس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 55

### Further reading

* “ihtisas”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ihtisas”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2116
# ехъушъутэон
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [χʷəʂʷtawan]

### Verb

ехъушъутэон • (jeχʷušʷutɛwon) (transitive)
* to despise, to underrate, to disregard, to look down on
    Кӏалэр лӏым ехъушъутао ― Kʼalɛr lˢʼəm jeχʷušʷutawo ― The boy is despising the man.
    Тихабзэ уехъушъутао ― Tixabzɛ wujeχʷušʷutawo ― You are disregarding our culture.
# mistificar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish, from French mystifier.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [mis.ti.fiˈka]
* IPA: (Valencia) [mis.ti.fiˈkaɾ]
* Homophone: mistificà
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

mistificar (first-person singular present mistifico, first-person singular preterite mistifiquí, past participle mistificat)
* (transitive) to mystify

#### Derived terms

* mistificador

#### Related terms

* místic

### Further reading

* “mistificar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “mistificar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “mistificar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “mistificar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From French mystifier.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /mis.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(ʁ)/ [mis.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /mis.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(ʁ)/ [mis.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /mis.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /miʃ.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(ʁ)/ [miʃ.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /mis.t͡ʃi.fiˈka(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /miʃ.ti.fiˈkaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /miʃ.ti.fiˈkaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /miʃ.ti.fiˈka.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: mis‧ti‧fi‧car

### Verb

mistificar (first-person singular present mistifico, first-person singular preterite mistifiquei, past participle mistificado)
* (transitive) to mystify

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

### Further reading

* “mistificar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French mystifier.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mistifiˈkaɾ/ [mis.t̪i.fiˈkaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: mis‧ti‧fi‧car

### Verb

mistificar (first-person singular present mistifico, first-person singular preterite mistifiqué, past participle mistificado)
* (transitive) to mystify, perplex

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Derived terms

* mistificador

#### Related terms

* místico
* mistificación

### Further reading

* “mistificar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# 結結
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kat-kat / kat-lat
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kat-kat
*** Tâi-lô: kat-kat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: katkad
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kat̚³²⁻⁴ kat̚³²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kat-lat
*** Tâi-lô: kat-lat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: katlad
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kat̚³²⁻⁴ lat̚³²/

#### Noun

結結
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to tie; to knot; to fasten
    Synonym: 結 / 结
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to form; to make; to erect
    Synonym: 結 / 结

##### Derived terms

* 憂結結 / 忧结结

### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiat-kiat / kiat-liat
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-kiat
*** Tâi-lô: kiat-kiat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiatkiad
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kiɛt̚³²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-liat
*** Tâi-lô: kiat-liat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiatliad
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚³²/

#### Noun

結結
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to combine; to fuse; to solidify; to form; to bear (fruit)
    Synonyms: 結 / 结, 結合 / 结合 (jiéhé), 固定 (gùdìng)
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to sum up; to settle (accounts)
    Synonyms: 結 / 结, 合計 / 合计
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to finish; to end; to empty; to clear out; to use up; to deplete; to exhaust
    Synonyms: 結 / 结, 拂 (fú), 竭 (jié)

##### Related terms

* 結歸陣 / 结归阵
* 開花結子 / 开花结子
* 開花結果 / 开花结果
# Ἐφύρα
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* Ἐφύρη (Ephúrē) — Ionic

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /e.pʰý.raː/ → /eˈɸy.ra/ → /eˈfi.ra/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /e.pʰý.raː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /eˈpʰy.ra/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /eˈɸy.ra/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /eˈfy.ra/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /eˈfi.ra/

### Proper noun

Ἐφύρᾱ • (Ephúrā) f (genitive Ἐφύρᾱς); first declension
* Ephyra, the name of various cities of Ancient Greece

#### Derived terms

* Ἐφύρειος (Ephúreios)
* Ἐφύρηθεν (Ephúrēthen)
* Ἔφυροι (Éphuroi)

#### Descendants

* Latin: Ephyra

### Further reading

* Ἐφύρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
# kebangsaan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

bangsa +‎ ke- -an.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kə.baŋ.sa.an/, /kə.baŋ.sa.ʔan/
* Hyphenation: kê‧bang‧sa‧an

### Noun

kebangsaan
* nationality
* of a nation, relating to a nation
* blue-bloodedness; the state of being of aristocratic descent
* nationalism
    Synonym: nasionalisme

#### Derived terms

* bahasa kebangsaan
* lagu kebangsaan

### See also

* kewarganegaraan (“citizenship”)

### Further reading

* “kebangsaan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
* kebangsaan on the Indonesian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{id}$
# Сатана
## Russian
### Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic Сатана (Satana), from Ancient Greek Σατάν (Satán), from Hebrew שָׂטָן (Sātān, “adversary, accuser”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sətɐˈna]
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Сатана́ • (Sataná) m anim (genitive Сатаны́, nominative plural Сатаны́, genitive plural Сата́н)
* Satan, Prince of Darkness
    Synonyms: Дья́вол (Dʹjávol), Люцифе́р (Ljucifér), Мефисто́фель (Mefistófelʹ), Самаэ́ль (Samaélʹ), чёрт (čort), Шайта́н (Šajtán)

#### Synonyms

* Азазе́ль (Azazɛ́lʹ)

#### Related terms

* сатани́зм (satanízm)
* сатани́нский (satanínskij)
* сатани́ст (sataníst)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic Сатана (Satana), from Ancient Greek Σατάν (Satán), from Hebrew שָׂטָן (Sātān, “adversary, accuser”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /satǎna/
* Hyphenation: Са‧та‧на

### Proper noun

Сата̀на m (Latin spelling Satàna)
* Satan
    Synonyms: Сото̀на, ше́јта̄н

### References

* “Сатана”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# panghaw
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* panghao, panhau — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography
* panhaw

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /paŋˈhaw/ [pɐŋˈhaʊ̯]
* Rhymes: -aw
* Syllabification: pang‧haw

### Noun

pangháw (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜅ᜔ᜑᜏ᜔) (obsolete)
* attainment of some desire, benefit, or satisfaction
    Dili ka mandin papanghaw.You will not really attain what you want.

#### Derived terms

* ipanghaw
* mamanghaw
* manghaw
* mapanghaw
* panghawin
* pumanghaw

#### Related terms

* nanghaw

#### See also

* kamit
* panhaw

### Further reading

* “panghaw”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
* San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎, La Noble Villa de Pila, page 182: “Conſeguir) Panhau (pc) algun guſto, bien o contento”
# ецӏэшъутэхын
## Adyghe
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jat͡sʼaʃʷtaxən]

### Verb

ецӏэшъутэхын • (jecʼɛšʷutɛxən) (transitive)
* to slide on something
    Кӏалэр сылайдым ецӏэшъутэхы ― Kʼalɛr səlajdəm jecʼɛšʷutɛxə ― The boy is sliding the slide.

### See also

* цӏэшъутэн (cʼɛšʷutɛn) (to slip)
# focha
## Galician
### Etymology

Probably from Latin fossa; also compare foxo and foxa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfot͡ʃa̝/

### Noun

focha f (plural fochas)
* pit (hole in the ground)
    Synonyms: fochanca, foxa, foxo, pozo
* cleft chin

#### Derived terms

* fochanca
* fochicar

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “focha”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “focha”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “focha”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Rivas Quintas, Eligio (2015). Dicionario etimolóxico da lingua galega. Santiago de Compostela: Tórculo. →ISBN, s.v. focha.

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Catalan fotja, ultimately from Latin fulica. Doublet of fúlica.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfot͡ʃa/ [ˈfo.t͡ʃa]
* Audio (Spain):(file)
* Rhymes: -otʃa
* Syllabification: fo‧cha

### Noun

focha f (plural fochas)
* coot
    Synonym: fúlica

#### Derived terms

* focha gigante
* focha aliblanca
* focha americana
* focha andina
* focha caribeña
* focha común
* focha cornuda
* focha de ligas
* focha frentirroja
* focha hawaiana
* focha mascareña
* focha moruna

### Further reading

* “focha”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# 睖瞪
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lèngdèng
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄥˋ ㄉㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ling$^6$ dang$^6$ / lang$^4$ dang$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lèngdèng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄥˋ ㄉㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lèngdèng
*** Wade–Giles: lêng$^4$-têng$^4$
*** Yale: lèng-dèng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lenqdenq
*** Palladius: лэндэн (lɛndɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɤŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ling$^6$ dang$^6$ / lang$^4$ dang$^1$
*** Yale: lihng dahng / làhng dāng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ling$^6$ dang$^6$ / lang$^4$ dang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ling$^6$ deng$^6$ / leng$^4$ deng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɪŋ²² tɐŋ²²/, /lɐŋ²¹ tɐŋ⁵⁵/
* ling6 dang6 - literary;
* lang4 dang1 - colloquial.
* Middle Chinese: trhing dreang|dring|dringH
Rime :
| Character | 睖 | 瞪 | 瞪 | 瞪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 徹 (10) | 澄 (11) | 澄 (11) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) | 耕 (117) | 蒸 (133) | 蒸 (133) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II | III | III |
| Fanqie | 丑升切 | 宅耕切 | 直陵切 | 丈證切 |
| Baxter | trhing | dreang | dring | dringH |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈʰɨŋ/ | /ɖˠɛŋ/ | /ɖɨŋ/ | /ɖɨŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈʰɨŋ/ | /ɖᵚæŋ/ | /ɖɨŋ/ | /ɖɨŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶʰieŋ/ | /ȡɐŋ/ | /ȡieŋ/ | /ȡieŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈʰiŋ/ | /ɖəɨjŋ/ | /ɖiŋ/ | /ɖiŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶʰiəŋ/ | /ȡɛŋ/ | /ȡiəŋ/ | /ȡiəŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶʰĭəŋ/ | /ȡæŋ/ | /ȡĭəŋ/ | /ȡĭəŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶʰi̯əŋ/ | /ȡʱæŋ/ | /ȡʱi̯əŋ/ | /ȡʱi̯əŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chēng | chéng | chéng | zhèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cing$^1$ | cang$^4$ | cing$^4$ | zing$^6$ |

### Verb

睖瞪
* (archaic) to stare
       From: 1008, Chen Pengnian, Guangyun
       Lèngdèng, zhíshì. [Pinyin]
       The word "lèngdèng" means "to stare".

#### Derived terms

* 惡死睖瞪 / 恶死睖瞪 (Cantonese)

#### References

* 睖—教育部異體字字典