# wenden
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋɛndə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: wen‧den
* Rhymes: -ɛndən

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch wenden, from Old Dutch wenden, from Proto-West Germanic *wandijan, from Proto-Germanic *wandijaną. Historically a causative verb to winden (“to wind”).

#### Verb

wenden
* (transitive) to direct oneself, turn
    Hij wendde zich tot de overheid.He turned to the authorities.
* (intransitive, nautical) to come about
    Klaar om te wenden? Ree!Ready to come about? Hard leeward!

##### Derived terms

* aanwenden
* afwenden

##### Related terms

* bewind, ingewanden, wand, wandelen, want, winden
* wentelen

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

wenden
* inflection of wennen:
** plural past indicative
** (dated or formal) plural past subjunctive

### Anagrams

* wenend

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German wenden, from Old High German wenten, from Proto-West Germanic *wandijan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvɛndən/, [ˈvɛndən], [ˈvɛndn̩]
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: Wänden

### Verb

wenden (weak or irregular weak, third-person singular present wendet, past tense wendete or wandte, past participle gewendet or gewandt, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive) to turn something so as to cook or roast it from both sides
* (transitive, chiefly literary) to turn something (in general)
* (transitive, literary, dated) to avert; to curb
** 1545, Martin Luther, Biblia, Hans Lufft, Psalm 33:Der HERR macht zunicht der Heiden Rat / Vnd wendet die gedancken der Völcker. Aber der Rat des HERRN bleibet ewiglich / Seines hertzen gedancken fur vnd fur.The LORD makes to naught the heathens' council; and curbs the cogitations of the peoples. But the council of the LORD abides eternally; his heart's cogitations forever and ever.
* (intransitive) to make a u-turn; to turn around one’s car or vehicle
* (reflexive, chiefly literary) to turn around
* (reflexive) to turn to; to consult [with an (+ accusative)]

#### Usage notes

* The irregular past forms wandte, gewandt are less common in the simplex wenden, but are equally common or even predominant in some compounds (such as abwenden, anwenden, etc.).
* Only the weak forms wendete, gewendet can be used in the sense of “to make a u-turn” and, usually, in the sense of “to turn something to be cooked on both sides”.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Synonyms

* (turn something in general): drehen; umdrehen
* (avert, curb): abwenden; hemmen
* (turn around): sich drehen; sich umdrehen; umkehren

#### Derived terms

* abwenden
* anwenden
* aufwenden
* auswendig
* bewenden
* einwenden
* entwenden
* gewandt
* herwenden
* hinwenden
* inwendig
* postwendend
* rückwendig
* umwenden
* verwandt
* verwenden
* vorwendig
* Wende
* Wendehals
* Wendejacke
* Wendel
* Wendemöglichkeit
* Wenden
* Wendeplatte
* Wender
* Wendung
* zurückwenden
* zuwenden

### Further reading

* “wenden” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “wenden” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “wenden” in Duden online
* “wenden” in OpenThesaurus.de

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* wende

### Etymology

From Old English wendan, from Proto-West Germanic *wandijan (“to turn”).

### Verb

wenden
* to travel; to go

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | (to) wenden, wende | (to) wenden, wende |
| | present tense | past tense |
| 1st-person singular | wende | wente, wende |
| 2nd-person singular | wendest | wentest, wendest |
| 3rd-person singular | wendeth, went | wente, wende |
| subjunctive singular | wende | wente, wende |
| imperative singular | wende | — |
| plural$^1$ | wenden, wende | wenten, wente, wenden, wende |
| imperative plural | wendeth, wende | — |
| participles | wendynge, wendende | went, wend, ywent, ywend |
$^1$Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

#### Descendants

* English: wend (went)

## Old Dutch
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *wandijan.

### Verb

wenden
* to wend, to turn

#### Descendants

* Middle Dutch: wenden
** Dutch: wenden
*** Afrikaans: wend, wende

#### Further reading

* “wenden”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈwen.den/

### Verb

wenden
* present subjunctive plural of wendan