# turta
## Dalmatian
### Alternative forms

* tuarta

### Etymology

From Latin turta. Thought to derive from tŏrta f (“twisted”), but this is problematic.

### Noun

turta f
* Four attached little loaves of bread; row of loaves attached by thin kissing crust.

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *turta (compare Estonian turd, Ingrian turra, Livonian turdõ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈturtɑ/, [ˈt̪urt̪ɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -urtɑ
* Hyphenation: tur‧ta

### Adjective

turta (comparative turrempi, superlative turrin or turroin)
* numb, insensitive, asleep, deadened, insensible (physically unable to feel)
* numb, stunned (emotionally unable to feel or respond in a normal way)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of turta (Kotus type 10*K/koira, rt-rr gradation) :
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
turtani
turtani
accusative
nom.
turtani
turtani
gen.
turtani
genitive
turtani
turtieni turtaini $^{rare}$
partitive
turtaani
turtiani
inessive
turrassani
turrissani
elative
turrastani
turristani
illative
turtaani
turtiini
adessive
turrallani
turrillani
ablative
turraltani
turriltani
allative
turralleni
turrilleni
essive
turtanani
turtinani
translative
turrakseni
turrikseni
abessive
turrattani
turrittani
instructive
comitative
—turtineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
turtasi
turtasi
accusative
nom.
turtasi
turtasi
gen.
turtasi
genitive
turtasi
turtiesi turtaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
turtaasi
turtiasi
inessive
turrassasi
turrissasi
elative
turrastasi
turristasi
illative
turtaasi
turtiisi
adessive
turrallasi
turrillasi
ablative
turraltasi
turriltasi
allative
turrallesi
turrillesi
essive
turtanasi
turtinasi
translative
turraksesi
turriksesi
abessive
turrattasi
turrittasi
instructive
comitative
—turtinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
turtamme
turtamme
accusative
nom.
turtamme
turtamme
gen.
turtamme
genitive
turtamme
turtiemme turtaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
turtaamme
turtiamme
inessive
turrassamme
turrissamme
elative
turrastamme
turristamme
illative
turtaamme
turtiimme
adessive
turrallamme
turrillamme
ablative
turraltamme
turriltamme
allative
turrallemme
turrillemme
essive
turtanamme
turtinamme
translative
turraksemme
turriksemme
abessive
turrattamme
turrittamme
instructive
comitative
—turtinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
turtanne
turtanne
accusative
nom.
turtanne
turtanne
gen.
turtanne
genitive
turtanne
turtienne turtainne $^{rare}$
partitive
turtaanne
turtianne
inessive
turrassanne
turrissanne
elative
turrastanne
turristanne
illative
turtaanne
turtiinne
adessive
turrallanne
turrillanne
ablative
turraltanne
turriltanne
allative
turrallenne
turrillenne
essive
turtananne
turtinanne
translative
turraksenne
turriksenne
abessive
turrattanne
turrittanne
instructive
comitative
—turtinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
turtansa
turtansa
accusative
nom.
turtansa
turtansa
gen.
turtansa
genitive
turtansa
turtiensa turtainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
turtaansa
turtiaan turtiansa
inessive
turrassaan turrassansa
turrissaan turrissansa
elative
turrastaan turrastansa
turristaan turristansa
illative
turtaansa
turtiinsa
adessive
turrallaan turrallansa
turrillaan turrillansa
ablative
turraltaan turraltansa
turriltaan turriltansa
allative
turralleen turrallensa
turrilleen turrillensa
essive
turtanaan turtanansa
turtinaan turtinansa
translative
turrakseen turraksensa
turrikseen turriksensa
abessive
turrattaan turrattansa
turrittaan turrittansa
instructive
comitative
—turtineen turtinensa :

#### Synonyms

* (numb with cold): kohmeinen, kohmettunut, kohmeessa
* (stunned): puulla päähän lyöty

#### Derived terms

* turrasti
* turtua
* turtuus

### Further reading

* “turta”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* Arttu, rattu, tartu, tarut

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* torta (Late Latin)$^?$

### Etymology

Of obscure origin.
First attested in the Vindolanda Tablets. Before the tablets were discovered, the Romance forms were assumed to have derived from Latin tŏrta f (“twisted”), which is also found as a noun in Late Latin (referring to a type of pastry). However, it was recognized even then that a derivation from tŏrta required assuming an unusual development of Latin ŏ.
Compare Ancient Greek τούρτα (toúrta, “cake of dates, flour, water, and oil baked covered in ashes”), which Watkins claims is from Egyptian t-rtḥ (“baked bread”), though it could have instead been borrowed from the Latin.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈtur.ta/, [ˈt̪ʊrt̪ä]

### Noun

turta f (genitive turtae); first declension
* a type of pastry

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: turtã
** Romanian: turtă
* Dalmatian:
** turta
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: torta (see there for further descendants)
** Sicilian: turta
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: turta
* North Italian:
** Friulian: torte
** Piedmontese: torta
** Romansch: turta
** Venetan: torta
*** → Cimbrian: turt
*** → Mòcheno: turt
* Gallo-Romance:
** Old French: torte ⇒ tarte
*** Bourguignon: torte
*** French: tourte, tarte (see there for further descendants)
*** → Middle English: tarte (see there for further descendants)
* Occitano-Romance:
** Catalan: torta
** Occitan: torta
* Ibero-Romance:
** Old Galician-Portuguese:
*** Galician: torta
*** Portuguese: torta
** Old Spanish: torta ⇒ tortiella
*** Spanish: torta, tortilla (see there for further descendants)
* Borrowings:
* →? Albanian: tortë (or via Italian)
* → Koine Greek: τούρτα (toúrta)
** Greek: τούρτα (toúrta)
* → Proto-Brythonic: *torθ
** Welsh: torth

### References

* ↑ Adams, J. N. (2007) The regional diversification of Latin, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 611
* ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “tŏrta”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 13: To–Tyrus, page 113
* ↑ “tortilla”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.

## Romansch
### Alternative forms

* tuorta (Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader)

### Etymology

From Latin turta.

### Noun

turta f (plural turtas)
* (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) flat, round cake with a fruit filling