OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# fiskimási
## Faroese
### Etymology

fiska (“to fish”) +‎ mási (“gull”)

### Noun

fiskimási m (genitive singular fiskimása, plural fiskimásar)
* herring gull (Larus argentatus)
# gelatiere
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒe.laˈtjɛ.re/
* Rhymes: -ɛre
* Hyphenation: ge‧la‧tiè‧re

### Etymology 1

From gelato (“ice cream”) +‎ -iere.

#### Noun

gelatiere m (plural gelatieri, feminine gelatiera)
* ice cream worker
    Synonym: sorbettiere
* (rare) ice cream seller
    Synonyms: gelataio, (dated) sorbettiere

##### Related terms

* gelataia
* gelataio
* gelateria
* gelatina

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

gelatiere f
* plural of gelatiera

### Anagrams

* gelaterie
# coinstantiation
## English
### Etymology

From co- +‎ instantiation.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌkoʊɪnˌstænʃiˈeɪʃən/
* Rhymes: -eɪʃən

### Noun

coinstantiation (countable and uncountable, plural coinstantiations)
* Instantiation of a theme, principle, or concept along with another or others; instantiation by the same instance that also instantiates another or others.
    Edward MacNeal was pointing out the ubiquity of coinstantiation in daily life when he explained regarding apples and oranges (both literal and proverbial) that "we must feel free to redefine apples and oranges as fruit, missiles, paperweights, or theatrical props as suits our changing needs; then we can observe the rules of addition and have the result make sense."
** 2008, Eike-Henner W. Kluge, “Scotus On Accidental And Essential Causes”, in Franciscan Studies‎, volumes 66, John Duns Scotus Doctor Subtilis, In Memoriam 1308-2008, →JSTOR, pages 233–246:In other words, the qualitative nature or content of a property determines its logic, which in turn logically determines the properties with which it can be coinstantiated or be compossible. Considered purely logically, the totality of compossibilities of a particular property—the totality of possible coinstantiations with other properties—may be called the logical form of that property. It should also be noted that while the logical form of a property allows for its coinstantiation with a whole host of other properties, it does not allow for coinstantiation with more than one property of a particular type at any one time. Such multiple coinstantiation is excluded as a matter of logic. For instance, and continuing with the preceding example, while the property green may be coinstantiated with the properties soft and hard respectively, it cannot be coinstantiated with each of these at one and the same time because the one logically excludes the other.
* An instance of coinstantiating, or its product: an instance that instantiates more than one theme, principle, or concept.
    A baseball can be a coinstantiation of the concepts of a ball, a piece of sporting goods, a toy, a collectible, and a memento.

#### Related terms

* coinstantial
* coinstantiated
* instantiable
* instantial
* instantiatable
* instantiate
* instantiation
# pasahero
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Spanish pasajero.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: pa‧sa‧he‧ro

### Noun

pasahero
* a passenger

### Verb

pasahero
* to ply; to travel around an area to look for passengers

### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:pasahero.

### Derived terms

* pasaheroan

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish pasajero. By surface analysis, pasahe +‎ -ero.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /pasaˈheɾo/ [pɐ.sɐˈhɛː.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -eɾo
* Syllabification: pa‧sa‧he‧ro

### Noun

pasahero (feminine pasahera, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜐᜑᜒᜇᜓ)
* passenger
    Synonyms: sakay, mananakay, lulan, biyahero

#### Related terms

* pamasahe
* pasahe
# sailer
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English sailer, sayler, saylere, equivalent to sail +‎ -er.

### Noun

sailer (plural sailers)
* That which sails; a sailboat.
** 1880, Thomas Hardy, chapter 34, in The Trumpet-Major‎:She is the best sailer in the service, and she carries a hundred guns.
** 1887, Mrs. Dominic D. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 14:The Gulnare was a fast sailer, built for a slaver originally[.]
** 1924, Herman Melville, chapter 16, in Billy Budd‎, London: Constable & Co.:Elsewhere it has been said that in the lack of frigates (of course better sailers than line-of-battle ships) in the English squadron up the Straits at that period, the Indomitable was occasionally employed not only as an available substitute for a scout, but at times on detached service of more important kind.
* (baseball) A fastball that skims through the air.
* A butterfly of the genus Neptis
* Obsolete form of sailor.
** 2002, Cheryl A. Fury, Tides in the Affairs of Men:The records of Stepney parish note the burial of Henry Rainsford "an old sailer sometyme beadle of Ratclife and now a pencioner."

#### Derived terms

* motorsailer
* trailer sailer

### Anagrams

* Ariels, Lieras, serial, serail, railes, resail, Sal Rei, ariels, Realis, Isreal, relais, Israël, Alires, Israel, realis
# tantusz
## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtɒntus]
* Hyphenation: tan‧tusz
* Rhymes: -us

### Noun

tantusz (plural tantuszok)
* token (a piece of stamped metal used as a substitute for money)
    Synonym: telefonérme

#### Derived terms

* leesik a tantusz

### Further reading

* tantusz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# Σύρτις
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Uncertain, but possibly from συρτός (surtós, “swept, dragged along”), from σῡ́ρειν (sū́rein, “to drag along”) after the proverbially treacherous effect of the wind and the waves on the quicksand of the area. The figurative sense of "destruction" derives from the difficulty of navigating the gulfs due to shoreward drag produced.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sýr.tis/ → /ˈsyr.tis/ → /ˈsir.tis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /sýr.tis/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈsyr.tis/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈsyr.tis/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈsyr.tis/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈsir.tis/

### Proper noun

Σῠ́ρτῐς • (Sŭ́rtĭs) f (genitive Σῠ́ρτεως or Σῠ́ρτῐος); third declension
* Gulf of Sidra (a gulf of the Mediterranean, Libya)
** Herodotus, History, Book II, ch. 32, §2:
    τὸ δὲ ἔθνος τοῦτο ἐστὶ μὲν Λιβυκόν, νέμεται δὲ τὴν Σύρτιν τε καὶ τὴν πρὸς ἠῶ χώρην τῆς Σύρτιος οὐκ ἐπὶ πολλόν.
* Gulf of Gabes (a gulf of the Mediterranean, Libya)
** Strabo, Geography, Book XVII, ch. 3:
    Συνεχὴς δ’ἐστὶν ἡ μικρὰ σύρτις, ἣν καὶ Λωτοφαγῖτιν σύρτιν λέγουσιν.
* Sirte (a city in Libya)

#### Derived terms

* Μεγάλη Σύρτις (Megálē Súrtis)
* Μικρὰ Σύρτις (Mikrà Súrtis)

### Noun

Σῠ́ρτῐς • (Sŭ́rtĭs) f (genitive Σῠ́ρτεως or Σῠ́ρτῐος); third declension
* destruction, ruin
** ἄλλα δ’ ἄλλαν θραῦεν σύρτις (Timotheus Fragmenta, ed. D.L. Page, Poetae melici Graeci, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962, 1967, 400‑418; fragment 15, line 88)

#### Descendants

* Greek: Σύρτη (Sýrti)
* Latin: Syrtis
** French: Syrte
** Italian: Sirte
*** English: Sirte
*** German: Sirte
*** Spanish: Sirte
* Arabic: سرت (Sirt)

### References

* “Σύρτις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* G4950 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon.
* John Lemprière, A classical dictionary: containing a copious account of all the proper names mentioned in ancient authors; with the value of coins, weights and measures, used among the Greeks and Romans; and a chronological table (1827), p. 790.
# redemptive
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Mid-Atlantic US):(file)

### Adjective

redemptive (comparative more redemptive, superlative most redemptive)
* Causing, or relating to, redemption or saving; redeeming.

#### Derived terms

* redemptive arc
# akusasyon
## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish acusación, from Latin accusatio. Alternatively analyzed as akusar +‎ -syon.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: a‧ku‧sas‧yon
* IPA: /ʔakusasˈjon/ [ʔɐ.kʊ.s̪ɐs̪ˈjon̪]

### Noun

akusasyón
* accusation
    Synonyms: alegasyon, pasangil

#### Related terms

* akusado
* akusar

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish acusación, from Latin accusatio. By surface analysis, akusa +‎ -syon.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔakusasˈjon/ [ʔɐ.xʊ.sɐˈʃon̪]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /ʔakusasˈjon/ [ʔɐ.xʊ.sɐsˈjon̪]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: a‧ku‧sas‧yon

### Noun

akusasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃᜓᜐᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)
* accusation
    Synonyms: alegasyon, bintang, demanda, paratang, kaparatangan
* act of accusing
    Synonyms: pagpaparatang, pagdedemanda, paghahabla

#### Related terms

* akusa
* akusado
* akusador
* akusatibo

### Further reading

* “akusasyon”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 10
# agouro
## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈɡo(w).ɾu/ [aˈɡo(ʊ̯).ɾu]
* (Brazil) IPA: /aˈɡo(w).ɾu/ [aˈɡo(ʊ̯).ɾu]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aˈɡo(w).ɾo/ [aˈɡo(ʊ̯).ɾo]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈɡo(w).ɾu/ [ɐˈɣo(w).ɾu]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈɡo(w).ɾu/ [ɐˈɣo(w).ɾu]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈɡow.ɾu/ [ɐˈɣow.ɾu]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐˈɡo.ɾu/ [ɐˈɣo.ɾu]
* Rhymes: -owɾu
* Hyphenation: a‧gou‧ro

### Etymology 1

Alteration of agoiro.

#### Noun

agouro m (plural agouros)
* Alternative form of agoiro

##### Derived terms

* agoural
* agourar
* agoureiro
* agourentar
* agourento

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

agouro
* first-person singular present indicative of agourar
# bucktoothed
## English
### Etymology

From buck +‎ toothed.

### Adjective

bucktoothed (comparative more bucktoothed, superlative most bucktoothed)
* (dentistry, somewhat derogatory) Having buckteeth.
# νοέω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From νόος (nóos, “mind”) +‎ -έω (-éō, denominative verbal suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /no.é.ɔː/ → /noˈe.o/ → /noˈe.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /no.é.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /noˈe.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /noˈe.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /noˈe.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /noˈe.o/

### Verb

νοέω • (noéō) (Contracted: νοῶ (noô))
* to perceive, observe, see, notice
* to think, suppose
* to think out, devise, contrive
** (in infinitive) to be minded to do a thing
* to conceive of, to deem
* (of words) to bear a certain sense, to mean

#### Usage notes

A distinction is typically made between simply seeing (εἴδω (eídō)) and seeing accompanied by mental perception (νοέω (noéō)).

#### Derived terms

* διανοέομαι (dianoéomai)
* διχονοέω (dikhonoéō)
* δυσνοέω (dusnoéō)
* ἐννοέω (ennoéō)
* ἐπινοέω (epinoéō)
* εὐνοέω (eunoéō)
* κατανοέω (katanoéō)
* μετανοέω (metanoéō)
* νόημα (nóēma)
* νόησις (nóēsis)
* νοητικός (noētikós)
* νοητός (noētós)
* παρανοέω (paranoéō)
* προνοέω (pronoéō)
* ὑπονοέω (huponoéō)

#### Descendants

* → Greek: νοώ (noó) (learned) from contracted νοῶ (noô)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “νόος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1023

### Further reading

* “νοέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “νοέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “νοέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* νοέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “νοέω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G3539 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
# Kajetan
## German
### Etymology

From the Latin Caiētānus (“inhabitant of Gaeta”), re-Latinized from Italian Gaetano, name of a saint.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkaː.je.taːn/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Kajetan m (proper noun, strong, genitive Kajetans)
* a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Cajetan

#### Declension
## Polish
### Etymology

From the Latin Caiētānus (“inhabitant of Gaeta”), re-Latinized from Italian Gaetano, name of a saint.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈjɛ.tan/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛtan
* Syllabification: Ka‧je‧tan

### Proper noun

Kajetan m animal (female equivalent Kajetana)
* a male given name from Latin, feminine equivalent Kajetana, equivalent to English Cajetan

#### Derived terms

* Kajetanowicz
# utama
## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* oetama (1901–1947)

### Etymology

From Malay utama, from Classical Malay utama, from Sanskrit उत्तम (uttama, “highest; last; supreme; uppermost”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈutama/
* Hyphenation: u‧ta‧ma

### Adjective

utama
* best.
    Synonym: terbaik
* main, principal
    Synonyms: terpenting, pokok
* (in compound, of position) chief
    Auditor utama. ― Chief auditor.

#### Affixed terms

* keutamaan
* mengutamakan
* pengutamaan
* terutama

### Further reading

* “utama” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Sanskrit उत्तम (uttama, “highest; last; supreme; uppermost”).

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Selangor) IPA: /utamə/
* (Riau-Lingga) IPA: /utama/
* Rhymes: -amə, -mə, -ə
* Rhymes: -a

### Adjective

utama (Jawi spelling اوتام)
* best
    Synonym: unggul
* main (principal), foremost
    Synonym: pokok

#### Derived terms

* keutamaan
* mengutamakan
* terutama
* utamakan

### References

* Kosakata Bahasa Sanskerta dalam Bahasa Melayu Masa Kini, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1994, →ISBN, page 279
* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “اتم oetama”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 2
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “اتام utama”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 3
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “utama”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume II, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 640

### Further reading

* “utama” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# gərək
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Old Anatolian Turkish گرك (gäräk), ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kẹrge- (“need”), whence also Azerbaijani gərəkmək. Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰼𐰏𐰚 (kergek /⁠kr²gk⁠/).
Bashkir кәрәк (kərək), Turkmen gerek, Tatar кирәк (kiräk), Uyghur كېرەك (kërek), Chuvash кирлӗ (kirlĕ), Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Nogai, Shor, Karakalpak Karachay-Balkar Khakas, and Kumyk керек (kerek), Crimean Tatar and Khalaj kerek, Uzbek kerak, Tuvan херек (xerek). Compare also the Turkish verb Turkish gerekmek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɟæræk], [ˈɟæræj]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: gə‧rək

### Predicative

gərək
* (it is) necessary, it is needed; have to
    1927, Qurban Səid, Əli və Nino [Ali and Nino]‎, archived from the original on 27 May 2019:Adam gərək uniforma geysin, yoxsa ruslar ona hörmət etməzlər, rusların hörmətini qazanmasam isə, Nino mənə ərə gəlməz.One has to wear a uniform, otherwise the Russians won't respect one, and if I don't earn the respect of the Russians, Nino won't marry me.
    2014 December 18, 101.az‎:Rusiyanın böhrandan çıxması üçün 2 il gərəkdir.Russia needs 2 years to come out of the crisis.
    2017 July 2, Nur.az‎:Klaviaturada bu düymələrin nəyə gərək olduğunu bilirsinizmi?Do you know what these keys on the keyboard are needed for?
    2018 November 15, 101.az‎:Gərək işləyənlər daha çox pul versinlər ki, pensiyalar artsınThe working people have to pay more, so that the pensions can rise.
    Synonym: lazım
* should
    1986, Vilayət Hacıyev, transl., Zəfər Tağı‎, translation of Arch of Triumph by Erich Maria Remarque, archived from the original on 27 May 2019:– Bilirdim, belə olacaq,–Ravik astadan dilləndi.–Bilirdim ki, sən bundan istifadə etməyə çalışacaqsan. Belə şeylər sənə çox yaraşır. Onda bilirdin ki, axırıncı dəfədir, gərək, bunu eləməyəydin!“I was sure that was coming,” he said in a low voice. “I was sure you’d try to make good use of it. It’s just like you! You knew then that it was the last time and you should have left it at that".
    2017 February 13, Modern.az‎:Qohumların bəziləri deyir, gərək bizə deyəydin eşitdiyin o sözləri, deyərdik çıxıb getsin yas məclisindən.Some of the relatives say, you should have told us the words you heard, [then] we would have told him to leave the wake.
    Gərək səni tapam. ― I should find you.

#### Derived terms

* gərəksiz (“unnecessary”)
* gərəkli (“necessary”)

### References

* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*gẹrge-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
* ↑ Abuseitova, M. Kh, Bukhatuly, B., editors (2008), “𐰚𐰼𐰏𐰚”, in TÜRIK BITIG: Ethno Cultural Dictionary, Language Committee of Ministry of Culture and Information of Republic of Kazakhstan
# بوك
## Gulf Arabic
### Etymology

Borrowed from English pocketbook.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buːk/

### Noun

بوك • (būk) m
* wallet

### References

* ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20180112032855/http://www.folkculturebh.org/ar/index.php?issue=39&page=showarticle&id=737

## Najdi Arabic
### Etymology

Borrowed from English pocketbook.

### Noun

بوك (būk)
* wallet

### References

* ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20180112032855/http://www.folkculturebh.org/ar/index.php?issue=39&page=showarticle&id=737

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bük (“wood, forest”).

#### Noun

بوك • (bük)
* thicket, scrub, a dense, but generally small, growth of shrubs, bushes or small trees
    Synonym: فونده‌لق (fundalık)

##### Derived terms

* قره بوك (kara bük, “Karabük, a city in Turkey”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: bük

#### References

* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bük”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bük2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 718
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “bük”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بوك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 405

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bȫn (“stupid, foolish”); cognate with Turkmen mȫn.

#### Adjective

بوك • (böñ)
* stupid, unclever, silly, idiotic, unintelligent, dumb, without or lacking intelligence
    Synonyms: ابدال (abdal), احمق (ahmak), بدلا (budala)

##### Derived terms

* بوكسمك (böñsimek, “to behave like an idiot”)
* بوكسنمك (böñsinmek, “to treat as a stupid”)
* بوكلك (böñluk, “stupidity, imbecility”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: bön

#### References

* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bön”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “bön1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 676
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بوك”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 290
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “bön”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “بوك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 405
# قاچان
## Khalaj
### Adverb

قاچان (qaçân)
* Arabic spelling of qaçân (“when”)

## Old Anatolian Turkish
### Adverb

قَاچَانْ (qaçan)
* Alternative form of خَاچَانْ (ḫaçan)

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

From قاچـ (kaç-, “to flee, escape, run away”) +‎ ـان (-an).

#### Adjective

قاچان • (kaçan)
* fleeing, escaping, absconding, that flees, escapes, or absconds

##### Derived terms

* قولاغه قاچان (kulağa kaçan, “earwig”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: kaçan

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kaçan2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2314
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قاچان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1408

### Etymology 2
#### Adverb

قاچان • (kaçan)
* (early Ottoman) Alternative spelling of هاچان (haçan, “when, at what time”)

#### Further reading

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قاچان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 922
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قاچان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1408

## Uyghur

Other scripts :
| Perso-Arabic | قاچان |
| Latin | ‍qachan‍ |
| Cyrillic | қачан |

### Etymology

From *qačan "when, at what time", from Proto-Turkic *ka- (“interrogative particle”).
Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (qačan, “when”), Bashkir ҡасан (qasan), Kazakh қашан (qaşan), Kyrgyz качан (kacan), Uzbek qachon, Shor қачан, Yakut хаһан (qahan, “when”), etc.

### Adverb

قاچان • (qachan)
* when, at what time
# ئارقا
## Uyghur
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *arka.
Cognate with Turkmen and Turkish arka, Azerbaijani arxa, Uzbek orqa (“back”), Tatar and Kyrgyz арка (arka, “back”), Kazakh арқа (arqa, “back”), Bashkir арҡа (arqa, “back”), Crimean Tatar arqa (“back”), Yakut арҕаа (arğaa, “west; back”) and Yakut арҕас (arğas, “mane of a horse”) Shor арға (“ridge, range; side; pointiness”), Tuvan арга (arga, “mountain forest”); Chuvash урхалӑх (urh̬alăh) / орхалӑх (orh̬alăh, “saddle girth”), from obsolete Chuvash орха (orh̬a, “back”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔɑrqɑ/

### Adjective

ئارقا • (arqa)
* back, rear
# پرشنبه
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* پنج‌شنبه (pençşembe)

### Etymology

Vulgarized form of earlier پنج‌شنبه (pençşembe), which derives from Persian پنج‌شنبه (panj-šanbe, “Thursday”, literally “five (days after) Saturday”).

### Noun

پرشنبه • (perşembe) (definite accusative پرشنبه‌یی (perşembeyi), plural پرشنبه‌لر (perşembeler))
* Thursday, the fifth day of the week in many religious traditions; it follows Wednesday and precedes Friday

#### Descendants

* Turkish: perşembe

### Proper noun

پرشنبه • (perşembe)
* Perşembe (a town and district in Ordu province, Turkey)
    Synonyms: وونه (vona), یعقوب بك (yaʼkub beğ) (historical)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: Perşembe

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “پرشنبه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 394
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “perşembe”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3831
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “پرشنبه”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 114a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “پرشنبه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 319
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Dies Jovis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 383
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “پرشنبه”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 773
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “perşembe”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–) “Perşembe”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “پرشنبه”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 443
* Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Perşembe”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 613