# 嘯

| 嘯 | U+562F, &#22063; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-562F |
| ← 嘮 [U+562E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嘰 → [U+5630] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 嘯 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 嘨 |
| Simplified | 啸 |

### Han character

嘯 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口中難 (RLX), four-corner 6502$_7$, composition ⿰口肅)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 206, character 32
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4246
* Dae Jaweon: page 429, character 31
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 694, character 11
* Unihan data for U+562F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 嘯
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 簫 | *sɯːw |
| 蕭 | *sɯːw |
| 瀟 | *sɯːw |
| 潚 | *sɯːw, *sɯwɢ |
| 彇 | *sɯːw |
| 蟰 | *sɯːw, *sɯwɢ |
| 橚 | *sɯːw, *sɯwɢ |
| 嘯 | *sɯːwɢs |
| 歗 | *sɯːwɢs |
| 熽 | *sɯːwɢs |
| 繡 | *sɯwɢs |
| 鏽 | *sɯwɢs |
| 肅 | *sɯwɢ |
| 鷫 | *sɯwɢ |
| 驌 | *sɯwɢ |
| 鱐 | *sɯwɢ |
| 璛 | *sɯwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sɯːwɢs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 肅 (OC *sɯwɢ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiào (xiao$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^3$ / siu$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): siéu
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siàu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiào
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siào
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^4$
*** Yale: syàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiaw
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^3$ / siu$^6$
*** Yale: siu / siuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^3$ / siu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^3$ / xiu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯³³/, /siːu̯²²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siéu
*** Sinological IPA : /siɛu²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàu
*** Tâi-lô: siàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siaux
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siau²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siau¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau²¹/
* Middle Chinese: sewH
Rime :
| Character | 嘯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 蘇弔切 |
| Baxter | sewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /seu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /seu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /seu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɛw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /seu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /sieu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /sieu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | siu$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*sˤiw(k)-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sɯːwɢs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 嘯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sew$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*sˁiw(k)-s/ |
| English | to wail |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 嘯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12120 |
| Phonetic component | 肅 |
| Rime group | 奧 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嘯 |
| Old Chinese | /*sɯːwɢs/ |

### Definitions

嘯
* to whistle
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Nánzǐ rùnèi, bù xiào bù zhǐ, yèxíng yǐ zhú, wú zhú zé zhǐ. [Pinyin]
    When a man enters the house, he should neither whistle nor point. When he walks during night, he should use a candle. If he has no candle, he should stop.
* to howl; to roar; to scream; to cry
* (Taoism) type of breathing exercise involving vocalizations

### Compounds

* 吟嘯 / 吟啸
* 命儔嘯侶 / 命俦啸侣
* 呼嘯 / 呼啸 (hūxiào)
* 嘯傲 / 啸傲
* 嘯歌 / 啸歌
* 嘯聚 / 啸聚 (xiàojù)
* 嘯詠 / 啸咏
* 坐嘯 / 坐啸
* 櫳嘯 / 栊啸
* 海嘯 / 海啸 (hǎixiào)
* 海嘯山崩 / 海啸山崩
* 狂嘯 / 狂啸
* 蘇門長嘯 / 苏门长啸
* 虎嘯 / 虎啸 (hǔxiào)
* 虎嘯風生 / 虎啸风生
* 虎嘯鷹揚 / 虎啸鹰扬
* 虎嘯龍吟 / 虎啸龙吟
* 長嘯 / 长啸 (chángxiào)
* 龍吟虎嘯 / 龙吟虎啸

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 嘨 |
| Kyūjitai | 嘯 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 嘨)
* to whistle

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)
* Kun: うそ (uso, 嘯)、うそふき (usofuki, 嘯)、うそぶ (usobu, 嘯ぶ)、うそぶく (usobuku, 嘯く)、うそぶき (usobuki, 嘯)、うそぶき (usobuki, 嘯き)、うそむ (usomu, 嘯む)、うそむく (usomuku, 嘯く)、ふく (fuku, 嘯く)

#### Compounds

* 嘯吹(うそふき) (usofuki): the clownish “whistling” mask used in 狂言 (kyōgen, “a farce performed between noh plays”, literally “crazy talk”)
* 嘯笛(うそぶえ) (usobue): whistling with one's mouth
* 息嘯(おきそ) (okiso): a sigh
* 海嘯(かいしょう) (kaishō), 海嘯(つなみ) (tsunami): a tsunami, a tidal wave; a tidal bore
* 吟嘯(ぎんしょう) (ginshō): to sing or chant a poem or song; to wail in grief
* 虎嘯(こしょう) (koshō): a tiger's roar; (metaphor) a hero's appearance
* 嘯聚(しょうしゅ) (shōshu): calling people together (especially by whistling)
* 嘯集(しょうしゅう) (shōshū): calling people together (especially by whistling)
* 嘯風弄月(しょうふうろうげつ) (shōfū rōgetsu): love for nature and poetry and other elegance
* 空嘯(そらうそ) (sorauso): absent-minded whistling
* 長嘯(ちょうしょう) (chōshō): whistling for a long time; singing or chanting for a long time

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 嘯
* うそ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
From Old Japanese. Appears in poem 1753 of the Man'yōshū, a poetry compilation completed around 759 CE, in the compound form 嘯鳴 (usobuki; see below).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɯ̟so̞]

#### Noun

嘯(うそ) • (uso)
* (archaic, possibly obsolete) a whistle (sound), a whistling sound

##### Derived terms

* 嘯歎(うそなげき) (usonageki): a whistling wail; quiet grieving

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 嘯
* うそふ(き) Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
Compound of 嘯 (uso, “whistle, whistling”) +‎ 吹き (fuki, “blowing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 吹く fuku, “to blow”).

#### Alternative forms

* 嘯吹

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) うそふき [ùsóꜜfùkì] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [ɯ̟so̞ɸɯ̟kʲi]

#### Noun

嘯(うそふき) • (usofuki)
* the clownish “whistling” mask used in 狂言 (kyōgen, “a farce performed between noh plays”, literally “crazy talk”)

##### Synonyms

* ひょっとこ (hyottoko)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 嘯
* うそぶ(き) Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
Originally a compound of 嘯 (uso, “whistle, whistling”) +‎ 吹き (fuki, “blowing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 吹く fuku, “to blow”). The fuki changes to buki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɯ̟so̞bɯ̟kʲi]

#### Noun

嘯(うそぶき) • (usobuki)
* whistling, making a whistling sound

##### Derived terms

* 嘯顔(うそぶきがお) (usobukigao): a whistling face, with the lips pursed
* 嘯口(うそぶきぐち) (usobukiguchi): a whistling mouth, with the lips pursed

### References

* 1 2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

嘯 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so)
* roar, howl, scream
* whistle

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嘯: Hán Nôm readings: khiếu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.