# كباب
## Arabic
### Etymology

The root ك ب ب (k-b-b) appears to include various meanings of “rolling over”. But according to Nişanyan, borrowed from Aramaic: compare Jewish Babylonian Aramaic כבבא (kbbʾ, “roasting of meat”), כיבה (kybʾ, “perhaps roasted meat”), which are from the verb כבב (kbb, “to burn, roast”), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *kabab- (“to burn, to roast”), whence also Akkadian 𒅗𒁀𒁍 (/⁠kabābu⁠/, “to burn”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈbaːb/

### Noun

كَبَاب • (kabāb) m
* (uncountable) kebab

#### Descendants

* Andalusian Arabic: الكباب (al-kabāb)
** → Latin: alchiebabat
* → Classical Persian: کباب (kabāb)
** Persian: کَباب (kabâb)
** Tajik: кабоб (kabob)
** → Azerbaijani:
    Cyrillic script: кабаб
    Latin script: kabab
*** → Lak: кавав (kawaw)
*** → Lezgi: кабаб (kabab)
** → Bengali: কাবাব (kabab), কবাব (kobab)
** → Chagatai:
*** Uyghur:
    Arabic script: كاۋاپ (kawap)
    Cyrillic script: кавап (kawap)
*** Uzbek:
    Cyrillic script: кабоб
    Latin script: kabob
** → Crimean Tatar:
    Cyrillic script: кебап
    Latin script: kebap
** → Kazakh:
    Arabic script: كاۋاپ
    Cyrillic script: кәуап (käuap), кәуәп (käuäp)
** → Kyrgyz:
    Cyrillic script: кебеп (kebep)
** → Old Hindi:
*** Hindi: कबाब (kabāb)
*** Urdu: کباب (kabāb)
** → Ottoman Turkish: كَبٰابْ (kebab)
*** Turkish: kebap
**** → Norwegian Bokmål: kebab
**** → Swedish: kebab
*** → Albanian: qebap
*** → Aromanian: chibape
*** → Bulgarian: кеба́п (kebáp), кебапь (kebapʹ)
*** → English: kebab
*** → French: kébab m
*** → German: Kebab m
*** → Greek: κεμπάπι (kempápi), κεμπάπ n (kempáp)
*** → Macedonian: ќебап m (ḱebap)
*** → Norwegian Bokmål: kebab m
*** → Norwegian Nynorsk: kebab m
*** → Polish: kebab m
*** → Romanian: chebap n
*** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Serbo-Croatian: ћѐва̄п m, ћеваб m, ћебап m
    Serbo-Croatian: ćèvāp m, ćevab m, ćebap m
*** → Swedish: kebab c
*** → Ukrainian: кеба́б m (kebáb)
** → Sarikoli: kabub
** → Tatar:
    Cyrillic script: кәбаб (käbab)
** → Turkmen:
    Latin script: kebap
** → Yazghulami: kabób
* → English: kebab, kebap, kabob (partly via Urdu, Persian, and Turkish)
* → Georgian: ქაბაბი (kababi)
** → Bats: ქაბაბ (kabab)
* → Kurdish:
    Northern Kurdish: kebab, kivav
* → Middle Armenian: քաբաբ (kʻabab), քապապ (kʻapap)
** Armenian: քաբաբ (kʻabab), քյաբաբ (kʻyabab), քէպապ (kʻēpap), քյա̈բաբ (kʻyäbab) (in most dialects via Ottoman Turkish)
* → Russian: кеба́б (kebáb), каба́в (kabáv), кеба́в (kebáv), каба́ф (kabáf), кеба́ф (kebáf) (via Turkic languages)

### References

* Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 972, page 77
* Cabolov, R. L. (2001) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 527
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kebap”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Sokoloff, Michael (2002) A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, pages 549b, 574a
* Orel, Vladimir E., Stolbova, Olga V. (1995) “*kab-”, in Hamito-Semitic Etymological Dictionary: Materials for a Reconstruction (Handbuch der Orientalistik; I.18), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill, § 1404, page 307
* “kbb”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Wehr, Hans (1979) “كباب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 946
* Corriente, F. (1997) “KBB”, in A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 29)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 452b
* Seeger, Ulrich (2015), Wörterbuch Palästinensisch-Deutsch (uncorrected and incomplete manuscript), page 525