OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# näi
## North Frisian
### Alternative forms

* nai (Sylt) — means “new” in Mooring

### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz.

### Adjective

näi (comparative näre, superlative näist)
* (Mooring) near, close

#### Inflection
## Saterland Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian nīe, from Proto-Germanic *niwjaz. More at new.

### Adjective

näi
* new

#### Derived terms

* Näijier
* näimoudsk
* Näimoune
* Näis
# ᮕᮩᮞᮤᮀ
## Sundanese
### Noun

ᮕᮩᮞᮤᮀ • (peusing)
* Sundanese spelling of peusing‎
# maache
## Central Franconian
### Etymology

From Middle High German machen, from Old High German mahhōn, from Proto-West Germanic *makōn, from Proto-Indo-European *mag- (“to knead, mix, make”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmaːxə/

### Verb

maache (third-person singular present mäht or maach or maat or mächt or micht, past tense maht or mäht or maachet or muuch or mooch, present participle maachend or maachens, past participle jemaht or jemaach or jemaad or gemaach or gemaacht)
* (transitive) to make, form , produce, create (an object, arrangement, situation, etc.)
    Iech han dier e Bild jemaad. (Kirchröadsj) ― I made you a painting.
* (transitive, of food, drinks, etc.) to make, prepare
    Heë maat mier Kamilletieë. (Kirchröadsj) ― He is preparing chamomile tea for me.
* (transitive, informal) to do
    Maach wats-te wils. (Kirchröadsj) ― Do what you want to.
* (transitive, with an adjective) to make (to cause to be)
    Doe maats miech wus. (Kirchröadsj) ― You make me mad.
* (transitive, arithmetic) to make, be, equal (the result of a calculation)
* (transitive, informal, colloquial) to make, earn (to earn, gain wages, profit, etc.)
    V'r maache 12 Euros de Sjtond. (Kirchröadsj) ― We earn 12 euros an hour.
* (transitive, impersonal, colloquial) to matter (to be important)
    Dat maat nuuks! (Kirchröadsj) ― That doesn't matter!
* (intransitive, informal, euphemistic) to do one's business, do number two or number one, go (to defecate or urinate)
    D'r Sjeng hat jet i de Bóks jemaad. (Kirchröadsj) ― John peed his trousers.
* (reflexive) to do (to fare or perform (well or poorly))
    Zie maat siech jód. (Kirchröadsj) ― She fares well.
* (with et, 't) to live
    Iech maach 't al lank. ― I have lived a long time already.
    Dä mäht et vleech noch e Jöhrche. ― He may live for maybe another year.

#### Usage notes

* The forms mäht, maach; maht, mäht; jemaht, jemaach are Ripuarian. The forms mächt, micht; muuch, mooch; gemaach(t) are Moselle Franconian.
* The Limburgan-Ripuarian Transitional Dialects mostly use forms similar to Ripuarian, although the spelling differs: maat; maachet; jemaad. They also use the present participle forms maachend and maachens.

#### Derived terms

* (Kirchröadsj) aafmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) aamaache
* (Kirchröadsj) draamaache
* (Kirchröadsj) drópmaache
* durchmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) eraafmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) eroesmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) heermaache
* hinmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) imaache
* mitmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) noamaache
* (Kirchröadsj) oesmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) tsouwmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) vasmaache
* vermaache
* (Kirchröadsj) veëdiegmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) voetmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) vrijmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) vuurmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) wiesmaache
* (Kirchröadsj) ópmaache
# gandar
## Icelandic
### Noun

gandar
* indefinite nominative plural of gandur

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡan.dar/
* Rhymes: -dar
* Hyphenation: gan‧dar

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

gandar (plural gandar-gandar)
* carrying pole.
* lever for rice-pounder
* arm of scales
* (wheel) axle.

##### Derived terms

* gandaran
* menggandar
* penggandar
* gandar mata
* gandar poros

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

gandar (plural gandar-gandar)
* vehicle

##### Derived terms

* gandaran
* menggandar

### Further reading

* “gandar” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# оконный
## Russian
### Etymology

From окон- (okon-) +‎ -ный (-nyj). Compare о́кон (ókon), genitive plural of окно́ (oknó, “window”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐˈkonːɨj]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

око́нный • (okónnyj)
* (relational) window

#### Derived terms

* заоко́нный (zaokónnyj)
* межоко́нный (mežokónnyj)
* многооко́нный (mnogookónnyj)

#### Related terms

* окно́ n (oknó)
* о́ко n (óko)
# szaval
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From the szav- stem of szó (“word”) +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsɒvɒl]
* Hyphenation: sza‧val
* Rhymes: -ɒl

### Verb

szaval
* (transitive, intransitive) to recite (a poem)

#### Derived terms

* szavalat
* szavalás
(With verbal prefixes):
* elszaval

### Further reading

* szaval in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *daubaz (“deaf”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk, be obscured”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔːfs/

### Adjective

𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 • (daufs)
* hardened, hard-hearted, callous
** Mark 8:17:
    𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌳𐌿 𐌹𐌼: 𐍈𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌽𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸? 𐌽𐌹 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌹𐌸 𐌽𐌹𐌷 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌸, 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍄𐍉 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰𐍂.jah fraþjands iēsus qaþ du im: ƕa þaggkeiþ untē hlaibans ni habaiþ? ni nauh fraþjiþ nih wituþ, untē daubata habaiþ hairtō izwar.And when Jesus knew it, he saith unto them, Why reason ye, because ye have no bread? perceive ye not yet, neither understand? have ye your heart yet hardened? (KJV)

#### Usage notes

Although this word is cognate with other Germanic languages’ word for “deaf”, it is not attested with that meaning in Gothic. Instead it and all its derived terms refer to hardness, especially hardness of heart. Compare German taub, which means not only “deaf” but also “numb, insensate”.
The word for “deaf” in Gothic is 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (bauþs).

#### Declension

A-stem :
| Strong (indefinite) inflection ||||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 daufs | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆, 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍄𐌰 dauf, daubata |
| Accusative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌰 daubana | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍆, 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍄𐌰 dauf, daubata |
| Genitive | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐍃 daubis | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 daubaizōs | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐍃 daubis |
| Dative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 daubamma | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹 daubai | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 daubamma |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹 daubai | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐍃 daubōs | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba |
| Accusative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 daubans | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐍃 daubōs | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba |
| Genitive | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 daubaizē | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 daubaizō | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 daubaizē |
| Dative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼 daubaim | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼 daubaim | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌼 daubaim |
| Weak (definite) inflection ||||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰 dauba | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉 daubō | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉 daubō |
| Accusative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽 dauban | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽 daubōn | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉 daubō |
| Genitive | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌽𐍃 daubins | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 daubōns | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌽𐍃 daubins |
| Dative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌽 daubin | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽 daubōn | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌽 daubin |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 daubans | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 daubōns | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐌰 daubōna |
| Accusative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 daubans | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍃 daubōns | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐌰 daubōna |
| Genitive | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌴 daubanē | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌽𐍉 daubōnō | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌴 daubanē |
| Dative | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌼 daubam | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍉𐌼 daubōm | 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌼 daubam |

#### Derived terms

* 𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌽𐌰𐌽 (afdaubnan)
* 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gadaubjan)
* 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹 (daubei)
* 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐌰 (daubiþa)
# bupati
## Balinese
### Romanization

bupati
* Romanization of ᬪᬹᬧᬢᬶ.

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Javanese bupati (ꦧꦸꦥꦠꦶ), from Old Javanese bhūpati (“king”), from Sanskrit भूपति (bhūpati) < भूमिपति (bhūmipati), compound of भूमि (bhūmi, “land”) +‎ पति (pati, “lord”). Cognate of Balinese ᬪᬹᬧᬢᬶ (bupati).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bu.pa.ti/
* Hyphenation: bu‧pa‧ti

### Noun

bupati (plural bupati-bupati)
* regent (high government official)
* The person in charge of a county-level district in Indonesia known as a kabupaten.

#### Derived terms

* kebupatian

#### Related terms

* kabupaten

### Further reading

* “bupati” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

bupati
* Romanization of ꦧꦸꦥꦠꦶ.
# amplop
## Ambonese Malay
### Noun

amplop
* envelope

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch envelop, from French enveloppe, from Middle French enveloppe, anveloppe, from Old French envelope, from envoloper, anveloper.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈamplɔp/
* Rhymes: -plɔp, -lɔp, -ɔp, -p
* Hyphenation: am‧plop

### Noun

amplop (plural amplop-amplop)
* envelope
* (figurative) bribe [in an envelope].

#### Synonyms

* sampul surat (Standard Malay)

#### Derived terms

* mengamplopi
* mengamplopkan

#### Descendants

* → Ambonese Malay: amplop
* → Ternate: amflop

### Further reading

* “amplop” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# pedals to the metal
## English
### Phrase

pedals to the metal
* Synonym of pedal to the metal
# tenteram
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Sanskrit तन्त्रम् (tantram), nominative/accusative singular form of तन्त्र (tantra, “happiness”). Doublet of tantri and tentara.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t̪ənt̪əˈram]
* Hyphenation: tên‧tê‧ram

### Adjective

tenteram
* serene

#### Affixed terms

* bertenteram
* ditenterami
* ditenteramkan
* ketenteraman
* menenterami
* menenteramkan
* penenteraman

### Further reading

* “tenteram” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# hantĕlu
## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qatəluʀ, from Proto-Austronesian *qiCeluR. Compare Malay telur.

### Noun

hantĕlu
* egg
    Synonyms: aṇḍa, aṇḍaja, ĕṇḍog, hantĕlu, hantiga, hantrini

#### Derived terms

* aṅantĕlu

### Further reading

* "hantĕlu" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
# buama
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* bomba

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

buama m (genitive singular buama, nominative plural buamaí)
* bomb

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
buama
buamaí
vocative
a bhuama
a bhuamaí
genitive
buama
buamaí
dative
buama
buamaí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an buama
na buamaí
genitive
an bhuama
na mbuamaí
dative
leis an mbuama don bhuama
leis na buamaí :

#### Derived terms

* buama adamhach (“atomic bomb”)
* buama ama (“time-bomb”)
* buama cluasach (“winged bomb”)
* buama eitleáin (“aerial bomb”)
* buamadóir (“bomber”)
* buamáil (“bomb”, verb)
* poll buama (“bomb-crater”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “buama”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “buama”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “buama”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
# razia
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch razzia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈra.zia̯]
* Hyphenation: ra‧zia

### Noun

razia
* raid, an attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering.

#### Derived terms

* merazia
* perazia
* terazia

### Further reading

* “razia” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from French razzia.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁaˈzi.ɐ/ [haˈzi.ɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁaˈzi.ɐ/ [haˈzi.ɐ]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ʁaˈzi.ɐ/ [χaˈzi.ɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ʁaˈzi.a/ [haˈzi.a]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɐˈzi.ɐ/
* Hyphenation: ra‧zi‧a

### Noun

razia f (plural razias)
* raid

### Further reading

* razia on the Portuguese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{pt}$

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* razzia

### Etymology

Borrowed from French razzia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /ˈraθja/ [ˈra.θja]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈrasja/ [ˈra.sja]
* Rhymes: -aθja
* Rhymes: -asja
* Syllabification: ra‧zia

### Noun

razia f (plural razias)
* raid

### Further reading

* “razia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* razia on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{es}$
# արդիական
## Armenian
### Etymology

արդի (ardi) +‎ -ական (-akan)

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑɾdiɑˈkɑn/, [ɑɾdi(j)ɑkɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑɾtiɑˈɡɑn/, [ɑɾtʰi(j)ɑɡɑ́n]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Adjective

արդիական • (ardiakan) (superlative ամենաարդիական)
* modern, contemporary
* relevant, topical, of current importance
# föderal
## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aːl

### Adjective

föderal (strong nominative masculine singular föderaler, comparative föderaler, superlative am föderalsten)
* federal
    Synonym: föderativ

#### Derived terms

* föderalisieren
* Föderalisieren
* Föderalismus
* Föderalist
* Föderalität
* Föderalregierung
* Föderalstaat
* Föderaltheologie

#### Related terms

* anti-föderalistisch
* antiföderalistisch
* Föderalisierung
* Föderalisierungsprozess
* Föderalismusreform
* föderalistisch
* Föderation
* föderieren
* Konföderation
* Pro-Föderalist
* pro-föderalistisch
* Proföderalist
* proföderalistisch

### Further reading

* “föderal” in Duden online
* “föderal” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# Candolleaceae
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Latin Candolleus.

### Proper noun

Candolleaceae
* Synonym of Stylidiaceae

#### Related terms

* Candollea
* candollei
* Candolleodendron
* DC.
# герметизувати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Possibly from French hermétiser or German hermetisieren + -ува́ти (-uváty). Compare Belarusian герметызава́ць (hjermjetyzavácʹ), Polish hermetyzować, Russian герметизи́ровать (germetizírovatʹ). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɦermetezʊˈʋate]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

герметизува́ти • (hermetyzuváty) impf or pf (perfective загерметизува́ти) (transitive)
* to hermetically seal, to seal (to close securely to prevent leakage)
* (figuratively) to hermetically seal (to isolate from external influences or prevent escape from)

#### Derived terms

* герметизува́тися impf or pf (hermetyzuvátysja)

#### Related terms

* герметиза́ція f (hermetyzácija)
* гермети́чний (hermetýčnyj)

### References

* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “герметизувати”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 3 (відстава́ння – ґура́льня), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN, page 538
* “герметизувати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1971), “герметизувати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (Г – Ж), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 55
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “герметизувати”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “герметизувати”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “герметизувати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “герметизувати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# Falguière
## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Occitan [Term?]. Most prevalent in Aveyron department.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fal.ɡjɛʁ/

### Proper noun

Falguière ?
* a French surname from Occitan

#### Related terms

* Falguier
* Falguières
* Faugier
* Faugière
* Faugières
* Fauguière

### References

* ↑ filae.com

### Further reading

* filae.com
# Erkrankung
## German
### Etymology

erkranken +‎ -ung

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛrˈkraŋkʊŋ/, [ʔɛɐ̯ˈkʁaŋkʊŋ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Erkrankung f (genitive Erkrankung, plural Erkrankungen)
* (slightly formal) the act or process of falling ill
* (slightly formal) illness; disease
    Synonym: Krankheit
** 1931, Arthur Schnitzler, Flucht in die Finsternis, S. Fischer Verlag, page 84:[...] und manche beglückwünschten ihn zu seiner Genesung in so scherzhaftem Ton, als hätten sie seine Erkrankung nie recht ernst genommen.[...] and some congratulated him on his recovery in such a jocular tone that it seemed they had never taken his illness quite seriously.

#### Usage notes

* (illness, disease): Though Erkrankung may be used interchangeably with Krankheit, it tends to refer to an illness as it manifests itself in a particular afflicted person, rather than the type or syndrome as such.

#### Related terms

* Augenerkrankung
* Autoimmunerkrankung
* bakterielle Erkrankung
* Darmerkrankung
* Folgeerkrankung
* Gefäßerkrankung
* Gewebserkrankung
* Grippeerkrankung
* Grunderkrankung
* Hauterkrankung
* Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankung
* Herzerkrankung
* Immunerkrankung
* Kiefergelenkserkrankung
* Krebserkrankung
* Kreislauferkrankung
* Kurzzeiterkrankung
* Langzeiterkrankung
* Lungenerkrankung
* Magenerkrankung
* Mangelerkrankung
* Nacherkrankung
* Neuerkrankung
* Nierenerkrankung
* Quarzstaublungenerkrankung
* Späterkrankung
* Suchterkrankung
* Viruserkrankung
* Vorerkrankung
* Zweiterkrankung

### Further reading

* “Erkrankung” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
* “Erkrankung” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Erkrankung” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Erkrankung” in Duden online
# переконливий
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From переко́н(увати) (perekón(uvaty)) +‎ -ливий (-lyvyj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pereˈkɔnɫeʋei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

переко́нливий • (perekónlyvyj) (comparative переко́нливіший, superlative найпереко́нливіший, adverb переко́нливо, abstract noun переко́нливість)
* convincing, persuasive, compelling, conclusive (argument, evidence, etc.)
    Antonym: непереко́нливий (neperekónlyvyj)

#### Related terms

* переко́наний (perekónanyj)
* перекона́ння n (perekonánnja)
* переко́нувати impf (perekónuvaty), перекона́ти pf (perekonáty)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “переконливий”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2021), “переконливий”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 12 (п – підку́рювач), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “переконливий”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “переконливий”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “переконливий”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# rôzbëkac
## Slovincian
### Etymology

From rôz- +‎ bëkac.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɵzˈbə.kat͡s/
* Rhymes: -at͡s
* Syllabification: rôz‧bë‧kac

### Verb

rôzbëkac pf
* (transitive, agriculture) to hoe apart (to hoe into pieces, asunder)

#### Related terms

* bëczka
* bëka
* bëkócz
* bëknõc pf
* nabëkac pf
* wëbëkac pf
* wùbëkac pf
* zabëkac pf

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “rɵzbȧ̃kăc”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 21
# englische Härte
## German
### Etymology

Literally, “English toughness”, relating to the traditional tolerance of English referees towards tough defending in one-on-one situations.

### Noun

englische Härte f (definite nominative die englische Härte, genitive englischer Härte, definite genitive der englischen Härte, no plural)
* (idiomatic, soccer) the degree of tough defending one must expect or cope with when playing against an English side, or under an English referee
* (idiomatic, figurative) a course of action that may seem unfair, but is considered within the limits of common practices

#### Declension

* See the adjective englisch. The noun does not change.

#### Related terms

* internationale Härte

#### See also

* englische Woche
# πήγανον
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Compare Old Georgian ტეგანი (ṭegani, “rue”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɛ̌ː.ɡa.non/ → /ˈpi.ɣa.non/ → /ˈpi.ɣa.non/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pɛ̌ː.ɡa.non/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpe̝.ɡa.non/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpi.ɣa.non/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpi.ɣa.non/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpi.ɣa.non/

### Noun

πήγᾰνον • (pḗgănon) n (genitive πηγᾰ́νου); second declension
* rue, a plant from the genus Ruta.
    Synonyms: ῥυτόν (rhutón), ῥυτή (rhutḗ)

#### Derived terms

* ἀγρῐοπήγᾰνον (agrĭopḗgănon)
* πηγάνειος (pēgáneios)
* πηγανέλαιον (pēganélaion)
* πηγανηρός (pēganērós)
* πηγανίζω (pēganízō)
* πηγᾰ́νῐνος (pēgắnĭnos)
* πηγανίτης (pēganítēs)
* πηγανῖτις (pēganîtis)
* πηγανόεις (pēganóeis)
* πηγανόσπερμον (pēganóspermon)
* πηγανώδης (pēganṓdēs)

#### Descendants

* → Aramaic:
** Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: פיגנא (peygānā)
** Classical Syriac: ܦܝܓܢܐ (peygānā), ܦܓܢܐ (feggān), ܦܝܓܘܢ (feygōn), ܦܐܓܢܘܢ (feggānōn), ܦܝܓܐܢܘܢ (feygānōn)
*** → Old Armenian: փեգանայ (pʻeganay), փեգենայ (pʻegenay)
** → Arabic: فَيْجَن (fayjan), فَيْجَل (fayjal)
* → Latin: pēganum
** Translingual: Peganum
* → Persian: پیغن (payğan)
** → Ottoman Turkish: پیغن (peyğan)

### References

* “πήγανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πήγανον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* πήγανον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* G4076 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. rue idem, page 724.
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
* Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, pages 370–372
* Meyer, Gustav (1893) “Türkische Studien. I. Die griechischen und romanischen Bestandtheile im Wortschatze des Osmanisch-Türkischen”, in Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften (in German), volume 128, Wien: In Commission bei F. Tempsky, page 33