# textual
## English
### Alternative forms

* textuall (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English textewell, textueel, textuel, textuele, tixtuel (“learned in texts, bookish”), possibly from Latin textuālis; also compare Middle French textuele; or perhaps a coinage by Chaucer from Latin textus and Middle English -el. English spelling conformed to Latin from late 15c. By surface analysis, text +‎ -ual.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈtɛks.tju.əl/, /ˈtɛks.tʃu.əl/, /ˈtɛks.tʃəl/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adjective

textual (comparative more textual, superlative most textual)
* Of or pertaining to text.
** Of or pertaining to textuality.
    Coordinate terms: paratextual, peritextual, epitextual, contextual, subtextual
*** 2019 July 3, Jess Schwalb, “Red Line Rebellion”, in Jewish Currents‎:On any given Friday night at the Claremont Colleges, between 15 and 20 Jewish students gather to sing wordless melodies, dive into textual study of Talmud or James Baldwin, or hold workshops on antisemitism.
** Of or pertaining to text as opposed to other document elements.
    I see that the editor revised the document's metadata, headers, and images, but I don't see any textual changes.
* Pertaining to text messages, by analogy with sexual: textual harassment, textual intercourse; compare sexting.

#### Derived terms

* antitextual
* atextual
* cotextual
* countertextual
* extratextual
* intertextual
* intratextual
* metatextual
* peritextual
* polytextual
* textual criticism
* textualism
* textuality
* textualize
* textually
* untextual

#### Related terms

* contextual
* textuary

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ “textuē̆l, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “textual”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [təks.tuˈal]
* IPA: (Valencia) [teks.tuˈal]

### Adjective

textual m or f (masculine and feminine plural textuals)
* textual
* verbatim, word-for-word

#### Derived terms

* textualment

#### Related terms

* text

#### Further reading

* “textual” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Galician
### Adjective

textual m or f (plural textuais)
* textual
* verbatim, word-for-word
* exact, precise

#### Derived terms

* textualmente

#### Related terms

* texto

#### Further reading

* “textual”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Medieval Latin textuālis. By surface analysis, texto +‎ -ual.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /tes.tuˈaw/ [tes.tʊˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /tesˈtwaw/ [tesˈtwaʊ̯]
* (Brazil) IPA: /tes.tuˈaw/ [tes.tʊˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /tesˈtwaw/ [tesˈtwaʊ̯]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /teʃ.tuˈaw/ [teʃ.tʊˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /teʃˈtwaw/ [teʃˈtwaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /tɐjʃˈtwal/ [tɐjʃˈtwaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /tɐjʃˈtwal/ [tɐjʃˈtwaɫ]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /tejʃˈtwal/ [tejʃˈtwaɫ]
** (Central Portugal) IPA: /tejʃˈtwal/ [tejʃˈtwaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /teʃˈtwa.li/
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
* Hyphenation: tex‧tu‧al

### Adjective

textual m or f (plural textuais)
* textual
* exact, precise

#### Derived terms

* textualidade
* textualismo
* textualista
* textualmente

### Further reading

* “textual”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French textuel. By surface analysis, text +‎ -ual.

### Adjective

textual m or n (feminine singular textuală, masculine plural textuali, feminine and neuter plural textuale)
* verbatim

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /teɡsˈtwal/ [t̪eɣ̞sˈt̪wal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: tex‧tual

### Adjective

textual m or f (masculine and feminine plural textuales)
* exact, precise, literal
* textual

#### Derived terms

* marcador textual
* metatextual
* textualmente

#### Related terms

* texto

#### Further reading

* “textual”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10