# capoeira
## English
### Etymology

From Brazilian Portuguese capoeira, of uncertain etymology.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /kæpəˈweəɹə/, /kæpəʊˈeəɹə/
* (US) IPA: /kɑpəˈwɛɹə/, /kɑpˈwɛɹə/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

capoeira (countable and uncountable, plural capoeiras)
* (uncountable) A martial art developed in Brazil, involving complex acrobatic maneuvers and flowing movements.
* (countable) A practitioner of this martial art.

#### Derived terms

* capoeirista

#### Translations
## Basque
### Etymology

From Portuguese capoeira.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kapoei̯ɾa/ [ka.po.ei̯.ɾa]
* Rhymes: -ei̯ɾa
* Hyphenation: ca‧po‧ei‧ra

### Noun

capoeira inan
* capoeira

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “capoeira”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia

## Czech
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Brazilian Portuguese capoeira.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkapuɛra]
* IPA: [ˈkapuɛjra]
* Rhymes: -ɛra
* Hyphenation: ca‧po‧ei‧ra

### Noun

capoeira f
* capoeira

#### Derived terms

* capoeirista m anim

### Further reading

* “capoeira” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “capoeira”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese capoeira. Doublet of kapoeweri.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaːpuˈeːraː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ca‧po‧ei‧ra

### Noun

capoeira f (uncountable)
* capoeira

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese capoeira.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.pwɛ.ʁa/ ~ /ka.pwe.ʁa/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

capoeira f (uncountable)
* capoeira

## Galician
### Etymology

Attested since 1707. From capón +‎ -eira.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɑpoˈejɾɐ], [kɑpʊˈejɾɐ]

### Noun

capoeira f (plural capoeiras)
* coop for fattening the capons, which was usually kept inside the house
* flat surface over the oven, where this coop used to be
** 1889, Xulio Alonso Sánchez, O Chufón:O xastre sentouse na capoeira, que por tras do caldeiro estaba, picou un cigarro, poñendo mentras o debullaba entre as maus, o papel no labeo, namentras que o patrón botaba un angazo de toxos no lume.the tailor sat down on the oven's stone, which was behind the cauldron, and prepared a cigarette putting, while handling it, the paper on the lip, whilst the head of household was throwing a bunch of furzes into the fire
* henhouse, coop
    Synonyms: galiñeiro, poleiro
** 1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés ao real e feliz parto da nosa raíña:E pois eu tamén lle ofrezo duas ducias de regeyfas, seis moletes, dèz galiñas, que teño na capoeyra, e mais vn par de capòs que m'àn de dar quintafeyra.And so also I offer her two dozens loaves, six muffins, ten hens that I have in the coop and a pair of capons they'll give me Thursday

#### Related terms

* capón

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “capoeira”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “capoeira”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “capoeira”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* kapoeira (rare)

### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Brazilian Portuguese capoeira.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.puˈɛj.ra/, /ka.pɔˈɛj.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛjra
* Syllabification: ca‧po‧ei‧ra

### Noun

capoeira f
* capoeira (martial art developed in Brazil, involving complex acrobatic maneuvers and flowing movements)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* capoeira in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* capoeira in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* capoeira in PWN's encyclopedia

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ka.poˈe(j).ɾɐ/ [ka.poˈe(ɪ̯).ɾɐ], /ka.puˈe(j).ɾɐ/ [ka.pʊˈe(ɪ̯).ɾɐ], (faster pronunciation) /kaˈpwe(j).ɾɐ/ [kaˈpwe(ɪ̯).ɾɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ka.poˈe(j).ɾɐ/ [ka.poˈe(ɪ̯).ɾɐ], /ka.puˈe(j).ɾɐ/ [ka.pʊˈe(ɪ̯).ɾɐ], (faster pronunciation) /kaˈpwe(j).ɾɐ/ [kaˈpwe(ɪ̯).ɾɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ka.poˈe(j).ɾa/ [ka.poˈe(ɪ̯).ɾa], /ka.puˈe(j).ɾa/ [ka.pʊˈe(ɪ̯).ɾa], (faster pronunciation) /kaˈpwe(j).ɾa/ [kaˈpwe(ɪ̯).ɾa]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐˈpwɐj.ɾɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐˈpwɐj.ɾɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /kɐˈpwej.ɾɐ/
** (Central Portugal) IPA: /kɐˈpwej.ɾɐ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /kɐˈpwe.ɾɐ/
* Rhymes: -ejɾɐ, (Portugal) -ɐjɾɐ
* Hyphenation: ca‧po‧ei‧ra

### Etymology 1

From capão (“capon”) +‎ -eira. Compare Galician capoeira and Spanish caponera.

#### Noun

capoeira f (plural capoeiras)
* henhouse
    Synonym: galinheiro
    Fui à capoeira apanhar ovos.I went to the henhouse to gather eggs.
* a woven basket used by bondsmen to transport items
* (Can we verify this sense?) (colloquial) brothel

##### Derived terms

* capoeiro
* encapoeirar

### Etymology 2

Uncertain. There are various theories on the etymology:
* from Old Tupi kopûera, from kó (“clearing”) + pûera (“that once was”)
* from Old Tupi ka'apûera, from ka'a (“woods; forest”) + pûera (“that once was”)
* from Old Tupi ka'apaũ, from ka'a (“woods; forest”) + paũ (“round”)
Both Tupi words refer to lands that used to be cleared by the Tupis for agriculture and to which slaves would escape.
* from the root kupura (to play) in the Ki-Kongo language.
* from capão (“capon”) +‎ -eira, from a supposed resemblance between capoeira and cockfighting.
The spelling of this word and its derived terms were likely influenced by Etymology 1.

#### Noun

capoeira f (uncountable)
* capoeira, a martial art developed in Brazil
    A capoeira é uma arte marcial brasileira.Capoeira is a Brazilian martial art.
* glade; clearing (area of land devoid of trees)
    Synonyms: clareira, roçado, capoeiro

##### Derived terms

* capoeiragem
* capoeirão
* capoeirista
* capoeiro

##### Descendants

* Sranan Tongo: kapuweri
** → Dutch: kapoeweri
* Saramaccan: kapuwéi
* → Spanish: capoeira
* → Basque: capoeira
* → Czech: capoeira
* → Dutch: capoeira
* → French: capoeira
* → Japanese: カポエイラ (kapoeira)
* → English: capoeira
* → Polish: capoeira
* → Russian: капоэйра (kapoejra)
* → Swedish: capoeira

### References

* ↑ “capoeira”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* ↑ “capoeira” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* ↑ “capoeira”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
* ↑ Talmon-Chvaicer, 2008, pp 29.
* ↑ Desch-Obi, 2008, pp 288.

### Further reading

* “capoeira”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “capoeira” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “capoeira”, in Dicio – Dicionário Online de Português (in Portuguese), Porto: 7Graus, 2009–2025
* “capoeira”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “capoeira”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “capoeira”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese capoeira.

### Noun

capoeira f (plural capoeiras)
* capoeira