# प्राण
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्राण (prāṇa).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pɾɑːɳ/, [pɾä̃ːɳ]

### Noun

प्राण • (prāṇ) m (Urdu spelling پراݨ)
* vitality, life, spirit, animation
    Synonyms: जान (jān), दम (dam)
    उसके शरीर में कोई प्राण नहीं रहा।uske śarīr mẽ koī prāṇ nahī̃ rahā.There was no life left in his body.
* (chiefly in compounds) breath

#### References

* Platts, John T. (1884) “प्राण”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Marathi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्राण (prāṇa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɾaɳ/

### Noun

प्राण • (prāṇ) m
* life, spirit, life force
    Synonym: जीव (jīv)
    त्याचे प्राण संकटात घालू नकोस!tyāce prāṇ saṅkṭāt ghālū nakos!Do not put his life in danger!
* (figuratively) air, wind
* (poetic) dearly loved

#### Declension
### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “प्राण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “प्राण”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* প্ৰাণ (Assamese script)
* ᬧ᭄ᬭᬵᬡ (Balinese script)
* প্রাণ (Bengali script)
* 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀡 (Brahmi script)
* ပြာဏ (Burmese script)
* પ્રાણ (Gujarati script)
* ਪ੍ਰਾਣ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌣 (Grantha script)
* ꦥꦿꦴꦟ (Javanese script)
* 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂰𑂝 (Kaithi script)
* ಪ್ರಾಣ (Kannada script)
* ប្រាណ (Khmer script)
* ປ຺ຣາຓ (Lao script)
* പ്രാണ (Malayalam script)
* ᢒᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘜 (Modi script)
* ᢒᠷᠠᢗᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑧑𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐞 (Newa script)
* ପ୍ରାଣ (Odia script)
* ꢦ꣄ꢬꢵꢠ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆟 (Sharada script)
* 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖜 (Siddham script)
* ප්‍රාණ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩛𑩪 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚘 (Takri script)
* ப்ராண (Tamil script)
* ప్రాణ (Telugu script)
* ปฺราณ (Thai script)
* པྲཱ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨊𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

प्र- (pra-) +‎ अन (aná).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /pɾɑː.ɳɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈpɾɑː.ɳɐ/

### Noun

प्राण • (prāṇá) stem, m
* breath, respiration, the breath of life, vitality, life, vital air (usually plural in this sense)
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
* the first of the five life-winds or vital airs, which has its seat in the lungs (the other four being अपान (apāna), समान (samāna), व्यान (vyāna) and उदान (udāna))
* wind, inhaled air
* energy, vigor, strength, power (as in प्राणसार (prāṇasāra))
* the spirit or soul (as opposed to शरीर (śarīra))
* the Supreme Spirit (see आत्मन् (ātman))

#### Derived terms

* प्राणिन् (prāṇín)

#### Descendants

* → Burmese: ပြန် (pran)
* → Kannada: ಪ್ರಾಣ (prāṇa)
* → English: prana
* → Hindi: प्राण (prāṇ)
* → Marathi: प्राण (prāṇ)
* → Odia: ପ୍ରାଣ (prāṇa)
* → Bengali: প্রাণ (pran)
* → Bengali: পরাণ (poran) (semi-learned)
* Pali: pāṇa
* → Telugu: ప్రాణము (prāṇamu)
* → Khmer: ប្រាណ (praan)
* → Thai: ปราณ (bpraan)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “प्राण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 701/3, 705/1-2.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 188