# kalt
## Central Franconian
### Etymology

From Old High German *kald, northern variant of kalt, chalt. The variation between the stems kalt and kaal is due to the development -ald- → -āl-, which occurred only in open syllables.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kalt/

### Adjective

kalt (masculine kaale, feminine kaal, comparative kaaler or kääler or kälder, superlative et kaalste or käälste or kältste)
* (most dialects) cold
    Loß’ mer heem john, ich hann kaal Föß.Let’s go home, my feet are cold.

#### Usage notes

* The commoner comparation forms were originally kaaler, et kaalste. Today, those with umlaut are preferred due to influence of German kälter, am kältesten.

#### Inflection
## Cimbrian
### Alternative forms

* khalt (Luserna, Sette Comuni)

### Etymology

From Middle High German kalt, from Old High German kalt, from Proto-West Germanic *kald, from Proto-Germanic *kaldaz. Cognate with German kalt, English cold.

### Adjective

kalt
* (Tredici Comuni) cold

### Further reading

* Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑlt

### Verb

kalt
* inflection of kallen:
** second/third-person singular present indicative
** (archaic) plural imperative

### Anagrams

* talk

## Faroese
### Adjective

kalt
* neuter nominative/accusative of kaldur

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German and Old High German kalt, from Proto-West Germanic *kald.
Cognate to Low German kold, koolt, Dutch koud, English cold, Danish kold, Swedish kall.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kalt/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

kalt (strong nominative masculine singular kalter, comparative kälter, superlative am kältesten)
* cold, chilly; the physical perception of something (objects, weather, body etc.) to have a low temperature
* calm, restrained, passionless
* cold, frigid (especially when referring to emotions)
* (housing) at cost (without utilities, such as heating, included)

#### Usage notes

* German kalt means “cold”, but not “feeling cold”; therefore the sentence ich bin kalt (literally “I am cold”) would mean that one’s body has a low temperature, particularly that one’s skin is cold on the outside. The English “I am cold” (that is: I feel cold) is equivalent to German mir ist kalt (literally “there is cold to me”).

#### Antonyms

* warm, heiß (objects, weather etc.)
* freundlich, passioniert (emotions)

#### Derived terms

* arschkalt
* bitterkalt
* die kalte Schulter zeigen
* hundekalt
* scheißkalt
* scheißekalt
* kalt bleiben - keep one's temper
* kalten Blutes - in cold blood
* kalter Brand - gangrene
* kaltes Fieber - ague

#### Related terms

* Kälte f

### Adverb

kalt
* (of rent-paying) as base rent; excluding utilities
    Antonym: warm
    Ich zahle 550 € kalt für meine Wohnung.I pay €550 base rent for my apartment.

#### Derived terms

* Kaltmiete

### Further reading

* “kalt” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “kalt” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “kalt” in Duden online

## Latvian
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“to hit, strike”), cognates include Latin clādēs. See the latter for more.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kālt]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

kalt (transitive, 1st conjugation, present kaļu, kal, kaļ, past kalu)
* to forge
* to hammer
* to chisel
* to coin (money)
* to mint (money)
* to shoe (a horse)
* to peck (of a woodpecker)
* to hew

#### Conjugation
### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “kalt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

kalt
* past participle of kalle

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *kald, whence also Old Saxon kald, Old English cald, Old Norse kaldr, Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds).

### Adjective

kalt
* cold

#### Derived terms

* kaltī

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: kalt
** Alemannic German: chalt
    Walser: chalt, choalt, cholt, chélte
** Bavarian: ckolt, kholt, kòlt, koid, kålt (Southern Bavarian, Carinthia, Tyrol), ckolt (Timau), kholt (Sauris), kòlt (Sappada)
    Cimbrian: kalt, khalt (Luserna, Sette Comuni)
    Mòcheno: khòlt, kòlt
** Central Franconian: kalt
** German: kalt
** Luxembourgish: kal
** Pennsylvania German: kalt
** Vilamovian: kāłt
** Yiddish: קאַלט (kalt)

## Old Norse
### Adjective

kalt
* strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of kaldr

## Pennsylvania German
### Etymology

From Middle High German and Old High German kalt. Compare German kalt, Dutch koud, English cold.

### Adjective

kalt (comparative kelder, superlative keltscht)
* cold

## Swedish
### Adjective

kalt
* indefinite neuter singular of kal