# 癖

| 癖 | U+7656, &#30294; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7656 |
| ← 癕 [U+7655] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 癗 → [U+7657] |

## Translingual
### Han character

癖 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 大尸口十 (KSRJ), four-corner 0014$_1$, composition ⿸疒辟)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 781, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22550
* Dae Jaweon: page 1191, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2700, character 20
* Unihan data for U+7656

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 嬖 | *peːɡs |
| 薜 | *beːɡs, *preːɡ |
| 鐾 | *beːɡs |
| 臂 | *peɡs |
| 譬 | *pʰeɡs |
| 避 | *beɡs |
| 檗 | *preːɡ |
| 擘 | *preːɡ |
| 糪 | *preːɡ, *pʰreːɡ |
| 掰 | *preːɡ |
| 繴 | *breːɡ, *peːɡ |
| 辟 | *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ |
| 璧 | *peɡ |
| 鐴 | *peɡ |
| 躄 | *peɡ |
| 襞 | *peɡ |
| 僻 | *pʰeɡ, *pʰeːɡ |
| 癖 | *pʰeɡ, *pʰeːɡ |
| 廦 | *pʰeɡ, *peːɡ |
| 擗 | *beɡ |
| 躃 | *beɡ |
| 闢 | *beɡ |
| 壁 | *peːɡ |
| 鼊 | *peːɡ |
| 霹 | *pʰeːɡ |
| 劈 | *pʰeːɡ |
| 澼 | *pʰeːɡ |
| 憵 | *pʰeːɡ |
| 甓 | *beːɡ |
| 鷿 | *beːɡ |
| 幦 | *mbeːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰeɡ, *pʰeːɡ) : semantic 疒 + phonetic 辟 (OC *peɡ, *pʰeɡ, *beɡ).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pǐ, pì
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˇ, ㄆㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pik$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): pék
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): phiah / phek / phiak
    (Teochew, Peng'im): piah$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$phiq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pǐ
*** Wade–Giles: pʻi$^3$
*** Yale: pǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pii
*** Palladius: пи (pi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pì
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pì
*** Wade–Giles: pʻi$^4$
*** Yale: pì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pih
*** Palladius: пи (pi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pik$^1$
*** Yale: pīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɪk̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: pék
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɛiʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiah
*** Tâi-lô: phiah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiaq
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiaʔ⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰiaʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phek
*** Tâi-lô: phik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pheg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰiɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiak
*** Tâi-lô: phiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiak̚⁵/
* phiah - vernacular (“craving; temperament”);
* phek/phiak - literary.
* Middle Chinese: phjiek, phek
Rime :
| Character | 癖 | 癖 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) | 錫 (127) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 芳辟切 | 普擊切 |
| Baxter | phjiek | phek |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰiᴇk̚/ | /pʰek̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰiɛk̚/ | /pʰek̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰiæk̚/ | /pʰɛk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰiajk̚/ | /pʰɛjk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰiɛk̚/ | /pʰek̚/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰĭɛk̚/ | /pʰiek̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰi̯ɛk̚/ | /pʰiek̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pi | pi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pik$^1$ | pik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰeɡ/, /*pʰeːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 癖 | 癖 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 681 | 696 |
| Phonetic component | 辟 | 辟 |
| Rime group | 錫 | 錫 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 僻 | 霹 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰeɡ/ | /*pʰeːɡ/ |
| Notes | 見靈樞 | |

#### Definitions

癖
* an unusual liking; craving; disposition; addiction; habit; weakness for
    書癖／书癖 ― shūpì ― an unusual liking of books
    嗜痂之癖 ― shìjiāzhīpì ― a liking of craving for scabs
    露陰癖／露阴癖 ― lùyīnpì ― exhibitionism
* (Hokkien) temperament; attitude; disposition
* (traditional Chinese medicine) lump in the abdomen; splenomegaly; indigestion

##### Synonyms

* (temperament):
    editnan-hbl+nan-tws:癖nan-xia+nan-zha:癖鼻天性 (tiānxìng)常性 (chángxìng)性地 (xìngdì) (literary or Min Nan)性子 (xìngzi)性情 (xìngqíng)情性 (qíngxìng) (literary)本性 (běnxìng)本質 / 本质 (běnzhì)氣性 / 气性率性 (shuàixìng) (literary)理 (lǐ) (literary, or in compounds)秉性 (bǐngxìng)稟性 / 禀性 (bǐngxìng)稟氣 / 禀气 (bǐngqì) (literary)素性 (sùxìng)脾氣 / 脾气腸子 / 肠子 (chángzi) (figurative)量草 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)

##### See also

* 痞 (pǐ)

#### Compounds

* 乳癖 (rǔpǐ)
* 使癖
* 傳癖 / 传癖
* 元凱癖 / 元凯癖
* 受虐癖 (shòunüèpǐ)
* 周郎癖
* 嗜痂之癖
* 嗜痂成癖
* 嗜糞癖 / 嗜粪癖
* 地癖
* 執癖 / 执癖
* 季常癖
* 孤癖
* 官癖
* 山癖
* 左傳癖 / 左传癖
* 左氏癖
* 左癖
* 怪癖 (guàipǐ)
* 惡癖 / 恶癖 (èpǐ)
* 戀尿癖 / 恋尿癖
* 戀屍癖 / 恋尸癖 (liànshīpǐ)
* 戀手癖 / 恋手癖
* 戀物癖 / 恋物癖 (liànwùpǐ)
* 戀獸癖 / 恋兽癖 (liànshòupǐ)
* 戀童癖 / 恋童癖 (liàntóngpǐ)
* 戀聲癖 / 恋声癖 (liànshēngpǐ)
* 戀襪癖 / 恋袜癖
* 戀足癖 / 恋足癖 (liànzúpǐ)
* 戀靴癖 / 恋靴癖
* 戀鞋癖 / 恋鞋癖 (liànxiépǐ)
* 戀體癖 / 恋体癖
* 戀鼻癖 / 恋鼻癖
* 成癖
* 拔毛癖 (bámáopǐ)
* 抱癖
* 文字癖
* 斷袖癖 / 断袖癖
* 旅行癖 (lǚxíngpǐ)
* 易裝癖 / 易装癖 (yìzhuāngpǐ)
* 晶癖 (jīngpǐ)
* 書癖 / 书癖
* 歹癖
* 清癖
* 潔癖 / 洁癖 (jiépǐ)
* 煙癖 / 烟癖
* 煙霞癖 / 烟霞癖
* 牢癖
* 狂癖
* 狐癖
* 王家癖
* 王濟癖 / 王济癖
* 瑰癖
* 異裝癖 / 异装癖 (yìzhuāngpǐ)
* 異食癖 / 异食癖 (yìshípǐ)
* 畫癖 / 画癖
* 病癖
* 痃癖
* 痼癖
* 痰癖
* 癖傲
* 癖嗜
* 癖好 (pǐhào)
* 癖性 (pǐxìng)
* 癖愛 / 癖爱
* 癖氣 / 癖气
* 癖潔 / 癖洁
* 癖王
* 癖症
* 癖痼
* 癖習 / 癖习
* 癖鼻
* 癡癖 / 痴癖
* 癥癖 / 症癖
* 盜竊癖 / 盗窃癖 (dàoqièpǐ)
* 盤龍癖 / 盘龙癖
* 眉癖
* 睏癖 / 困癖
* 睡癖
* 石癖
* 研癖
* 碁癖
* 䆀癖
* 筆癖 / 笔癖
* 綠帽癖 / 绿帽癖 (lǜmàopǐ)
* 詞癖 / 词癖
* 詩癖 / 诗癖
* 謙癖 / 谦癖
* 譽兒癖 / 誉儿癖
* 購買癖 / 购买癖 (gòumǎipǐ)
* 迂癖
* 酒癖
* 野癖
* 錢癖 / 钱癖
* 陸雲癖 / 陆云癖
* 露陰癖 / 露阴癖 (lùyīnpǐ)
* 頑癖 / 顽癖
* 食癖
* 香癖
* 馬癖 / 马癖
* 墨癖
* 龍陽之癖 / 龙阳之癖 (lóngyángzhīpǐ)
* 龍陽癖 / 龙阳癖 (lóngyángpǐ)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 癖(へき) (heki)
* → Korean: 벽(癖) (byeok)

### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phia̍h
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phia̍h
*** Tâi-lô: phia̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phiah
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiaʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiaʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰiaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiaʔ⁴/

#### Definitions

癖
* (Hokkien) measles
* (Mainland China Hokkien) rash (in general)

#### Compounds

* 出癖 (chhut-phia̍h)
* 出癖仔 (chhut-phia̍h-á)
* 風癖 / 风癖 (hong-phia̍h)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* habit; tendency

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひゃく (hyaku)
* Kan-on: へき (heki, Jōyō)
* Kun: くせ (kuse, 癖, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 悪癖(あくへき) (akuheki)
* 癇癖(かんぺき) (kanpeki)
* 奇癖(きへき) (kiheki)
* 潔癖(けっぺき) (keppeki)
* 痃癖(けんびき) (kenbiki)
* 痃癖(けんぺき), 肩癖(けんぺき) (kenpeki)
* 個癖(こへき) (koheki)
* 古癖(こへき) (koheki)
* 詩癖(しへき) (shiheki)
* 嗜癖(しへき) (shiheki)
* 収集癖(しゅうしゅうへき) (shūshūheki)
* 習癖(しゅうへき) (shūheki)
* 酒癖(しゅへき) (shuheki)
* 晶癖(しょうへき) (shōheki)
* 書癖(しょへき) (shoheki)
* 性癖(せいへき) (seiheki)
* 通癖(つうへき) (tsūheki)
* 盗癖(とうへき) (tōheki)
* 病癖(びょうへき) (byōheki)
* 洋癖(ようへき) (yōheki)
* 浪費癖(ろうひへき) (rōhiheki)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 癖
* くせ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) くせ [kùséꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [kɯ̟̊se̞]

#### Noun

癖(くせ) • (kuse)
* habit; tendency
    Synonym: 癖 (heki)
    悪(わる)い癖(くせ)を直(なお)す
       warui kuse o naosu
       break a bad habit
    癖(くせ)になる
       kuse ni naru
       become a habit
* unusual trait; peculiarity
    字(じ)の癖(くせ)
       ji no kuse
       handwriting peculiarity
* a bend or distortion that cannot be easily straightened or flattened
** kink; curl (in hair)
    髪(かみ)の癖(くせ)を直(なお)す
       kami no kuse o naosu
       to straighten out the kinks in one’s hair
** crease (in clothing)

##### Derived terms

* 癖(くせ)ある馬(うま)に能(のう)あり (kuse aru uma ni nō ari)
* 癖馬(くせうま) (kuseuma)
* 癖毛(くせげ) (kusege)
* 癖(くせ)して (kuse shite)
* 癖地(くせち) (kusechi)
* 癖直(くせなお)し (kusenaoshi)
* 癖(くせ)に (kuse ni)
* 癖(くせ)になる (kuse ni naru)
* 曲者(くせもの), 癖者(くせもの) (kusemono)
* 遊(あそ)び癖(ぐせ) (asobiguse)
* 足癖(あしくせ) (ashikuse)
* 歌癖(うたぐせ) (utaguse)
* 女癖(おんなぐせ) (onnaguse)
* 書(か)き癖(ぐせ) (kakiguse)
* 着癖(きぐせ) (kiguse)
* 口癖(くちぐせ) (kuchiguse)
* 酒癖(さかぐせ) (sakaguse)
* 酒癖(さけくせ) (sakekuse), 酒癖(さけぐせ) (sakeguse)
* 尻癖(しりくせ) (shirikuse)
* その癖(くせ) (sono kuse)
* 抱(だ)き癖(ぐせ) (dakiguse)
* 手癖(てくせ) (tekuse)
* 出癖(でぐせ) (deguse)
* 難癖(なんくせ) (nankuse)
* 寝癖(ねぐせ) (neguse)
* 一癖(ひとくせ) (hitokuse)
* 筆癖(ふでくせ) (fudekuse)
* 降(ふ)り癖(ぐせ) (furiguse)
* 負(ま)け癖(ぐせ) (makeguse)
* 怠(まな)け癖(ぐせ) (manakeguse)
* 読(よ)み癖(くせ) (yomikuse)

##### Descendants

* → Jeju: 쿠세 (kuse)

##### See also

* 習(しゅう)慣(かん) (shūkan)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 癖
* へき Grade: S
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 癖 (MC phjiek|phek).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) へき [héꜜkì] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [he̞kʲi]

#### Noun

癖(へき) • (heki)
* habit; tendency
    Synonym: 癖 (kuse)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 癖 (MC phjiek|phek).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 펵〮 (Yale: phyék) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 벽 (pyek) (Yale: pyek) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pjʌ̹k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [벽]

### Hanja

Wikisource 癖 (eumhun 버릇 벽 (beoreut byeok))
* hanja form of 벽 (“habit”)

#### Compounds

* 가벽 (歌癖, gabyeok)
* 결벽 (潔癖, gyeolbyeok)
* 고벽 (古癖, gobyeok)
* 괴벽 (怪癖, goebyeok)
* 구벽 (口癖, gubyeok)
* 도벽 (盜癖, dobyeok)
* 벽호 (癖好, byeokho)
* 성벽 (性癖, seongbyeok)
* 악벽 (惡癖, akbyeok)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.