# 總理
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zǒnglǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄌㄧˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zung$^2$ lei$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chúng-lî
    (Hailu, HRS): zung$^ˊ$ li$^ˋ$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zorng$^3$ li$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chóng-lí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zong$^2$ li$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zǒnglǐ [Phonetic: zónglǐ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄌㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zǒnglǐ
*** Wade–Giles: tsung$^3$-li$^3$
*** Yale: dzǔng-lǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzoonglii
*** Palladius: цзунли (czunli)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zung$^2$ lei$^5$
*** Yale: júng léih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzung$^2$ lei$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zung$^2$ léi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊŋ³⁵ lei̯¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chúng-lî
*** Hakka Romanization System: zung$^ˋ$ li$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zung$^3$ li$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ³¹ li²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zung$^ˊ$ li$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻³³ li⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zorng$^3$ li$^3$ [Phonetic: zorng$^5$ li$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɒŋ⁴⁵³⁻²¹ li⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zorng$^3$ li$^3$ [Phonetic: zorng$^5$ li$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɒŋ³³²⁻²¹ li³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chóng-lí
*** Tâi-lô: tsóng-lí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zofnglie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ li⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ li⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zong$^2$ li$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsóng lí
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡soŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ li⁵²⁻²¹/

### Noun

總理
* head of government who is not also a head of state, e.g. prime minister, premier, chancellor
    周總理／周总理 ― Zhōu Zǒnglǐ ― Premier Zhou (specifically Zhou Enlai)
    From: 2004, 林東璟, 以色列總理選舉制度的變遷, page 140
    Yǐsèliè yú yī-jiǔ-jiǔ-liù nián yǐlái, gòng jǔxíng guò sān cì zǒnglǐ zhíxuǎn, cǎi juéduì duōshù zhì, cóng xuǎnjǔ jiéguǒ lái kàn, sān cì xuǎnjǔ, dāngxuǎnrén jiē zài dì-yī lún tóupiào shí jiē yǐ guòbànshù xuǎnpiào dāngxuǎn zǒnglǐ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: 2019 May 23, 莫里森執政聯盟 眾院議席多過上屆, in 《東方周報》 [Oriental Weekly], page 10
    Àozhōu dàxuǎn shèngfù yǐ dìng, yóu zǒnglǐ Mòlǐsēn lǐngdǎo de Zìyóudǎng zhízhèng liánméng chénggōng duódé Zhòngyìyuàn guòbànshù yìxí. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: 2021, 李仰桓, 教科書應如何編寫原住民族轉型正義的內容？, in 《國家教育研究院電子報》, number 213
    Zài Èrzhàn zhīhòu, zhèngzhì lǐngxiù zuì zhùmíng de dàoqiàn, yīnggāi shì Déguó liánbāng zǒnglǐ Bùlántè (Willy Brandt) yú 1970 nián zài Huáshā Yóutàirén Jìniànbēi qián xiàguì, wèi Nàcuì Déguó rùqīn Bōlán xièzuì. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* director of a certain organization
    From: 2014, 郭世佑, 《記問沉浮：近代史的求真之旅》, page 120
    Bùguò, yě yīngdāng kàndào, gēnjù Tóngménghuì zhāngchéng guīdìng, zǒnglǐ yīng “yóu quántǐ shèyuán tóupiào gōngjǔ”. Jǐnguǎn dāngshí rúguǒ “tóupiào gōngjǔ”, Sūn Zhōngshān yě wánquán yǒu kěnéng dāngxuǎn wéi Tóngménghuì zǒnglǐ, dàn Sūn Zhōngshān de zǒnglǐ yī zhí bìjìng zhǐshì yóu Huáng Xīng tíyì, ránhòu dàjiā jǔshǒu tōngguò de. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: 2019, 冼玉儀 [Elizabeth Sinn], translated by 林立偉, 《穿梭太平洋：金山夢、華人出洋與香港的形成》 [Pacific Crossing: California Gold, Chinese Migration, and the Making of Hong Kong], page 333
    Zhè wèi Zhōngguó lǐngshì bǎ zhè xiē nǚrén yòng “Gài'ěrrén Hào” sòng huí Xiānggǎng, “jiāotuō gěi” Dōnghuá Yīyuàn zǒnglǐ. Tā zhǐshì chuán shàng de chéngwùzhǎng zhàogù tāmen, yǐmiǎn zàicì luòrù huàirén zhī shǒu. Tāmen dào Xiānggǎng hòu jiù bèi jiāo yǔ Dōnghuá zǒnglǐ zhàoliào, zǒnglǐmen bǎ tāmen yīyī jiāo dào gèzì de qīnshǔ shǒulǐ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: 2022, 魯金, 《九龍街道故事》 [The Secret History of Kowloon's Streets], page 41
    Yuànfāng zǒnglǐ kànjiàn zhèngfǔ yǒu dì jiù mài, shēngpà lián zhè kuài guǎngdà de dìpí yě huì yǒuzhāoyīrì bèi pāimài chūqù, biàn bù néng bù xiǎng bànfǎ jiāyǐ zhìzhǐ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Usage notes

總理／总理 (zǒnglǐ) is generally used for countries not directly reigned by a monarch (Commonwealth countries like Australia are not considered "directly reigned" in this sense). When a monarch is present, 首相 (shǒuxiàng) is used instead. However, exceptions to this rule exist, as in the case for Thailand (chiefly Mainland), Cambodia (chiefly Mainland), Malaysia (chiefly Mainland) and Spain (chiefly Taiwan).

#### Descendants

* → Tibetan: ཙུང་ལི (tsung li)
* → Zhuang: cungjlij

#### See also

* 丞相 (chéngxiàng)
* 首相 (shǒuxiàng)
* 議長／议长 (yìzhǎng)
* 宰相 (zǎixiàng)
* 主席 (zhǔxí)
* 總統／总统 (zǒngtǒng)
* 閣揆／阁揆 (gékuí)

### Verb

總理
* to assume overall responsibility for; to be completely in charge of
       zǒnglǐ gèguó shìwù yámén [Pinyin]
       Office for the General Management of Affairs Concerning the Various Countries (the formal name of the late Qing foreign ministry)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 總 | 理 |

### Noun

總理
* chữ Hán form of tổng lý (“premier, prime minister, general manager”).