# maidhm
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish maidm, verbal noun of maidid. The verb is denominal from the verbal noun, while the rare synonym maígh comes directly from the Old Irish verb.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mˠəimʲ/

### Noun

maidhm f or m (genitive singular maidhme or madhma, nominative plural maidhmeanna or madhmanna)
* break, burst, eruption
* defeat, rout (act of defeating and breaking up an army or another opponent)
* loud report, explosion
* detonation
* breaker (wave)
    Synonym: maidhm thoinne
* (nonstandard) verbal noun of maidhm
* Alternative form of mám

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
maidhm
maidhmeanna
vocative
a mhaidhm
a mhaidhmeanna
genitive
maidhme
maidhmeanna
dative
maidhm
maidhmeanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an mhaidhm
na maidhmeanna
genitive
na maidhme
na maidhmeanna
dative
leis an maidhm don mhaidhm
leis na maidhmeanna :

##### Alternative declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
maidhm
madhmanna
vocative
a mhaidhm
a mhadhmanna
genitive
madhma
madhmanna
dative
maidhm
madhmanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an mhaidhm
na madhmanna
genitive
na madhma
na madhmanna
dative
leis an maidhm don mhaidhm
leis na madhmanna :

#### Derived terms

* maidhm bháistí (“cloudburst”)
* maidhm rabharta (“surging tide, bore”)
* maidhm sheicne (“hernia”)
* maidhm shléibhe (“avalanche”)
* maidhm shneachta (“avalanche”)
* maidhm thalún (“landslide”)
* maidhm thaoide (“surging tide, bore”)
* maidhm thoinne (“breaker”)
* maidhm thuile (“flash flood”)

### Verb

maidhm (present analytic madhmann, future analytic madhmfaidh, verbal noun madhmadh, past participle madhmtha) (transitive, intransitive)
* break, burst, erupt
* defeat, rout
* detonate

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | madhmaim | madhmann tú; madhmair$^†$ | madhmann sé, sí | madhmaimid | madhmann sibh | madhmann siad; madhmaid$^†$ | a mhadhmann; a mhadhmas / a madhmann* | madhmtar |
| indicative | past | mhadhim mé; mhadhmas | mhadhim tú; mhadhmais | mhadhim sé, sí | mhadhmamar; mhadhim muid | mhadhim sibh; mhadhmabhair | mhadhim siad; mhadhmadar | a mhadhim / ar mhadhim* | madhmadh |
| indicative | past habitual | mhadhmainn / madhmainn‡‡ | mhadhmtá / madhmtá‡‡ | mhadhmadh sé, sí / madhmadh sé, sí‡‡ | mhadhmaimis; mhadhmadh muid / madhmaimis‡‡; madhmadh muid‡‡ | mhadhmadh sibh / madhmadh sibh‡‡ | mhadhmaidís; mhadhmadh siad / madhmaidís‡‡; madhmadh siad‡‡ | a mhadhmadh / a madhmadh* | mhadhmtaí / madhmtaí‡‡ |
| future | future | madhmfaidh mé; madhmfad | madhmfaidh tú; madhmfair$^†$ | madhmfaidh sé, sí | madhmfaimid; madhmfaidh muid | madhmfaidh sibh | madhmfaidh siad; madhmfaid$^†$ | a mhadhmfaidh; a mhadhmfas / a madhmfaidh* | madhmfar |
| conditional | conditional | mhadhmfainn / madhmfainn‡‡ | mhadhmfá / madhmfá‡‡ | mhadhmfadh sé, sí / madhmfadh sé, sí‡‡ | mhadhmfaimis; mhadhmfadh muid / madhmfaimis‡‡; madhmfadh muid‡‡ | mhadhmfadh sibh / madhmfadh sibh‡‡ | mhadhmfaidís; mhadhmfadh siad / madhmfaidís‡‡; madhmfadh siad‡‡ | a mhadhmfadh / a madhmfadh* | mhadhmfaí / madhmfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go madhma mé; go madhmad$^†$ | go madhma tú; go madhmair$^†$ | go madhma sé, sí | go madhmaimid; go madhma muid | go madhma sibh | go madhma siad; go madhmaid$^†$ | — | go madhmtar |
| subjunctive | past | dá madhmainn | dá madhmtá | dá madhmadh sé, sí | dá madhmaimis; dá madhmadh muid | dá madhmadh sibh | dá madhmaidís; dá madhmadh siad | — | dá madhmtaí |
| imperative | imperative | madhmaim | madhim | madhmadh sé, sí | madhmaimis | madhmaigí; madhmaidh$^†$ | madhmaidís | — | madhmtar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | madhmadh | madhmadh | madhmadh | madhmadh | madhmadh | madhmadh | madhmadh | madhmadh |
| past participle | past participle | madhmtha | madhmtha | madhmtha | madhmtha | madhmtha | madhmtha | madhmtha | madhmtha |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

#### Alternative forms

* maidh, maidhmigh

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “maidhm”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “maiḋm”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 457
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “maidm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “maidhm”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “maidhm”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025