# गण्ड
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* गल्ल (galla)

### Alternative scripts

* গণ্ড (Assamese script)
* ᬕᬡ᭄ᬟ (Balinese script)
* গণ্ড (Bengali script)
* 𑰐𑰜𑰿𑰚 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀕𑀡𑁆𑀟 (Brahmi script)
* ဂဏ္ဍ (Burmese script)
* ગણ્ડ (Gujarati script)
* ਗਣ੍ਡ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌗𑌣𑍍𑌡 (Grantha script)
* ꦒꦟ꧀ꦝ (Javanese script)
* 𑂏𑂝𑂹𑂙 (Kaithi script)
* ಗಣ್ಡ (Kannada script)
* គណ្ឌ (Khmer script)
* ຄຓ຺ຑ (Lao script)
* ഗണ്ഡ (Malayalam script)
* ᡤᠠᢏᡷᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘐𑘜𑘿𑘚 (Modi script)
* ᠺᠠᢏᢎᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦰𑦼𑧠𑦺 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐐𑐞𑑂𑐜 (Newa script)
* ଗଣ୍ଡ (Odia script)
* ꢔꢠ꣄ꢞ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆓𑆟𑇀𑆝 (Sharada script)
* 𑖐𑖜𑖿𑖚 (Siddham script)
* ගණ‍්ඩ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩞𑩪 𑪙𑩨 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚌𑚘𑚶𑚖 (Takri script)
* க³ண்ட³ (Tamil script)
* గణ్డ (Telugu script)
* คณฺฑ (Thai script)
* ག་ཎྜ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒑𑒝𑓂𑒛 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨍𑨘𑩇𑨖 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dravidian, compare Kannada ಗಂಟು (gaṇṭu, “joint of reed”), Telugu గంట (gaṇṭa, “a knot”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɡɐɳ.ɖɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɡɐɳ.ɖɐ/
* Hyphenation: गण्‧ड

#### Noun

गण्ड • (gaṇḍá) stem, m
* the cheek, the whole side of the face including the temple
* a side
* a bubble, boil, pimple
* a goiter or any other excrescence of the neck
* a joint, bone
* the bladder
* a mark, spot

##### Descendants

* Pali: gaṇḍa
* Prakrit: 𑀕𑀀𑀟 (gam̐ḍa)
** Central:
*** Sauraseni Prakrit:
**** Gujarati: ગાંડ (gā̃ḍ), ગાંડુ (gā̃ḍu)
**** Hindustani: gā̃ṛ, gā̃ṛū, gānḍ
***** Hindi: गाँड़, गाँड़ू, गांड
***** Urdu: گَاںڑ, گَاںڑُو, گَانڈ
**** Romani: gāro
** Eastern:
*** Magadhi Prakrit:
**** Assamese: গাঁৰ (gãr)
**** Bengali: গাঁড় (gãṛ), গাঁড়ি (gãṛi)
**** Bihari:
***** Maithili: गाँड़ि (gā̃ṛɨ)
**** Odia: ଗାଏଁଡ଼ (gāẽṛa)
** Northern:
*** Khasa Prakrit:
**** Central Pahari:
***** Kumaoni: गान (gān), गाण (gāṇ), गाणि (gāṇi)
**** Eastern Pahari:
***** Nepali: गाँण (gā̃ṇ), गाँडि (gā̃ḍi), गाँडु (gā̃ḍu)
**** Western Pahari:
***** Bhadrawahi: गण्ड (gaṇḍ), गान (gān)
** Southern:
*** Helu Prakrit:
**** Dhivehi: ގަނޑު (gaⁿḍu)
**** Sinhalese: ගඩුව (gaḍuwa)
** Western:
*** Takka Apabhramsa:
**** Punjabi: gann, gannī, gāṇḍ
    Gurmukhi script: ਗੰਨ, ਗੰਨੀ, ਗੰਡ
    Shahmukhi script: گَنّ, گَنِّی, گَاڻڊ
***** Lahnda: گنه (gannh)
*** Vracada Apabhramsa:
**** Sindhi: g̠ani, g̠anri, gā̃ḍi
    Arabic script: ڳَنِ, ڳَنرِ, گَنڊِ
    Devanagari script: ॻनि, ॻन्रि, गाँडि
***** Kachchi: ગંઢો (gaṇḍho)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɡɐɳ.ɖɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɡɐɳ.ɖɐ/
* Hyphenation: गण्‧ड

#### Noun

गण्ड • (gaṇḍa) stem, m
* rhinoceros

##### Derived terms

* Sanskrit: गण्डक (gaṇḍaka)

##### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Kashmiri: gö̃ḍ
    Arabic script: گٔنڈ
    Devanagari script: गऺँड
* Central:
** Hindustani: gaĩṛā
*** Hindi: गैँड़ा
*** Urdu: گَیںڑَا (ga͠iṛā)
**** → Dhivehi: ގެންޑާ (gen̊ḍā)
* Eastern:
** Early Assamese: গণ্ড (goṇḍo)
*** Assamese: গঁড় (gõr)
** Kamta: গেঁড়া (gẽra)
* Northern:
** Nepali: गैँडो (ga͠iḍo)
* Northwestern:
** Punjabi: gaĩḍā|, gaĩḍī
    Gurmukhi script: ਗੈਂਡਾ, ਗੈਂਡੀ
    Shahmukhi script: گَیںڈَا, گَیںڈِی
** Sindhi: geṇḍo
    Arabic script: گيڻڊو
    Devanagari script: गेंडो
* Eastern:
** Chakma: 𑄉𑄧𑄚𑄳𑄘 (gandā), 𑄉𑄧𑄚𑄴𑄘 (gandā)
* Southern:
** Marathi: गेंडा (geṇḍā)
* Western:
** Gujarati: ગેંડો (geṇḍo)
* → Portuguese: ganda

### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gaṇḍá¹”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 213
* ↑ F. C., Southworth (2011) Rice in Dravidian‎, University of Pennsylvania.