OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# afiyet
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish عافیت (âfiyet), from Arabic عَافِيَة (ʕāfiya).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [äːfiˈjet]
* Hyphenation: a‧fi‧yet

### Noun

afiyet (definite accusative afiyeti, plural afiyetler)
* health
    Synonym: esenlik
* well-being

#### Derived terms

* afiyet bulmak
* afiyet olsun
* afiyet üzere olmak

#### Related terms

* kemaliafiyet

### References

* “afiyet”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “afiyet”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Ayverdi, İlhan (2010) “afiyet”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
# אדמת
## Hebrew

* Root
* א־ד־ם (ʾ-d-m)
* 10 terms

### Noun

אַדֶּמֶת • (adémet) f
* (pathology) rubella (a mild disease caused by the Rubella virus infecting the respiratory tract, and characterised by a rash of pink dots, fever and swollen lymph nodes)

### Noun

אַדְמַת • (admát) f
* singular construct state form of אדמה (adamá)‎
** Tanach, Genesis 47:22, with translation of the King James Version:רַק אַדְמַת הַכֹּהֲנִים לֹא קָנָהrak admát hakohaním lo kanáOnly the land of the priests bought he not

### References

* “אדמת” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# לידה
## Hebrew
### Etymology 1

* Root
* י־ל־ד (y-l-d)
* 14 terms
Compare Arabic لِدَة (lida).

#### Noun

לידה / לֵדָה • (leidá) f (plural indefinite לידות / לֵדוֹת, singular construct לידת / לֵדַת־, plural construct לידות / לֵדוֹת־)
* birth, childbirth, delivery

##### Derived terms

* לידת עכוז / לֵדַת עַכּוּז (leidát akúz)
* תאריך לידה / תַּאֲרִיךְ לֵדָה (ta'arikh leidá, “date of birth”)

##### Related terms

* יום הולדת / יוֹם הֻלֶּדֶת (yom hulédet, “birthday”)

#### Further reading

* לידה on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$

### Etymology 2
#### Preposition

לְיָדָהּ • (lyadá)
* Form of לְיַד (lyad) including third-person feminine singular personal pronoun as object.

### Anagrams

* ילדה
# peioramus
## Latin
### Verb

peiōrāmus
* first-person plural present active indicative of peiōrō
# 라

(see above for suffixes and particles)
| 라 | U+B77C, &#46972; HANGUL SYLLABLE RA |
| Composition: | ㄹ + ㅏ |
| ← 띻 [U+B77B] | Hangul Syllables | 락 → [U+B77D] |
| ㈑ | U+3211, &#12817; PARENTHESIZED HANGUL RIEUL A |
| ← ㈐ [U+3210] | Enclosed CJK Letters and Months | ㈒ → [U+3212] |
| ㉱ | U+3271, &#12913; CIRCLED HANGUL RIEUL A |
| ← ㉰ [U+3270] | Enclosed CJK Letters and Months | ㉲ → [U+3272] |
라락띾띿란랁랂 랃랄랅랆랇랈랉 랊랋람랍랎랏랐 랑랒랓랔랕랖랗 :
| 띠 ← | → 래 |

## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɾa̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [라]

### Etymology 1

From English la or some other European language.

#### Noun

라 • (ra)
* (music) la (musical note)
    Coordinate terms: 도 (do), 레 (re), 미 (mi), 파 (pa), 솔 (sol), 시 (si), 도 (do)

### Etymology 2

From English Ra or some other European language.

#### Proper noun

라 • (Ra)
* (Egyptian mythology) [~신(神)] Ra, the Egyptian sun god

### Etymology 3

Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, word-internally. When in isolation or as the first character of a word, they are pronounced as 나 (na).
Following a language reform in the mid-twentieth century, North Koreans pronounce these characters as 라 (ra) in all environments.

#### Syllable

라 • (ra)
* 羅: net
    (eumhun reading: 그물 라 (geumul ra)) (MC reading: 羅 (MC la))
* 倮: disrobe, naked
    (eumhun reading: 벗을 라 (beoseul ra)) (MC reading: 倮)
* 裸: Alternative form of 倮
    (MC reading: 裸 (MC lwaX))
* 懶: lazy
    (eumhun reading: 게으를 라 (geeureul ra)) (MC reading: 懶 (MC lanX))
* 癩: leper
    (eumhun reading: 나환자 라 (nahwanja ra)) (MC reading: 癩 (MC lajH|lat))
* 螺: aquatic snail
    (eumhun reading: 소라 라 (sora ra)) (MC reading: 螺 (MC lwa))
* 儸: talented, competent
    (eumhun reading: 간능 있을 라 (ganneung isseul ra)) (MC reading: 儸 (MC la))
* 蠃: wasp
    (eumhun reading: 나나니벌 라 (nananibeol ra)) (MC reading: 蠃 (MC lwa|lwaX))
* 囉: for sounds to mingle
    (eumhun reading: 소리 얽힐 라 (sori eolkil ra)) (MC reading: 囉 (MC la))
* 曪: without sunlight
    (eumhun reading: 햇빛 없을 라 (haetbit eopseul ra)) (MC reading: 曪 (MC laX))
* 瘰: scrofula
    (eumhun reading: 연주창 라 (yeonjuchang ra)) (MC reading: 瘰 (MC lwaX))
* 砢: piling of stones
    (eumhun reading: 돌 쌓일 라 (dol ssail ra)) (MC reading: 砢 (MC laX))
* 臝: naked
    (eumhun reading: 벌거벗을 라 (beolgeobeoseul ra)) (MC reading: 臝 (MC lwaX))
* 蘿: mugwort
    (eumhun reading: 쑥 라 (ssuk ra)) (MC reading: 蘿 (MC la))
* 邏: supervisor
    (eumhun reading: 순라 라 (sulla ra)) (MC reading: 邏 (MC laH))
* 鑼: gong
    (eumhun reading: 징 라 (jing ra)) (MC reading: 鑼 (MC la))
* 騾: mule
    (eumhun reading: 노새 라 (nosae ra)) (MC reading: 騾 (MC lwa))
* 亽:
    (MC reading: 亽)
# kapita
## Estonian
### Noun

kapita
* abessive singular of kapp

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch capita, from Latin capita, plural of caput (“head”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kaˈpita]
* Hyphenation: ka‧pi‧ta

### Noun

kapita (uncountable)
* capita: person.
* (literal) head.
    Synonym: kepala

#### Derived terms

* kapita selekta

#### Related terms

* kapital
* kapitalis
* kapitalisasi
* kapitalisme
* kapitalistik
* kapitalistis
* kapitan
* kapitasi
* kapten

### Further reading

* “kapita” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Lindu
### Noun

kapita
* jury
# kapparot
## English
### Alternative forms

* kaparot

### Etymology

From Hebrew כפרות.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈkapəˌɹɒt/
* (US) IPA: /ˈkæpəˌɹɑːt/
* IPA: /ˌkæpəˈɹoʊt/

### Noun

kapparot (uncountable)
* (Judaism) A customary atonement ritual practised by Orthodox Jews on the eve of Yom Kippur, involving the waving of money or a chicken over a person's head before it is donated to charity or to feed the hungry.
# յօտ
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* յաւտ (yawt)

### Etymology

From յ- (y-) +‎ հօտ (hōt).

### Noun

յօտ • (yōt)
* cut-off branch

#### Derived terms

* յօտահատեմ (yōtahatem)
* յօտեմ (yōtem)
* յօտոց (yōtocʻ)
* յօտումն (yōtumn)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “յօտ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “յօտ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “յատ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
# לן
## Hebrew
### Etymology 1

* Root
* ל־ו־ן (l-w-n)
* 5 terms
Compare Ugaritic 𐎍𐎐 (ln /⁠lâna⁠/), attested once as 𐎊𐎍𐎐 (yln).

#### Verb

לָן • (lan) (pa'al construction)
* To stay overnight (at a hotel or other lodging).

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Preposition

לָן • (lán)
* Alternative form of לָהֶן (lahén)

### Anagrams

* נ״ל
# מאד
## Hebrew
### Adverb

מְאֹד • (m'ód)
* defective spelling of מאוד.
** Tanach, Exodus 1:20, with translation of the King James Version:וַיִּרֶב הָעָם וַיַּעַצְמוּ מְאֹדand the people multiplied, and waxed very mighty

### Noun

מְאֹד • (m'ód)
* defective spelling of מאוד.

### Anagrams

* אדם
# peiorabimus
## Latin
### Verb

peiōrābimus
* first-person plural future active indicative of peiōrō
# Nurcan
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish نورجان (Nurcan). From nur +‎ can.

### Proper noun

Nurcan
* a male given name
* a female given name
# 녀

| 녀 | U+B140, &#45376; HANGUL SYLLABLE NYEO |
| Composition: | ㄴ + ㅕ |
| ← 넿 [U+B13F] | Hangul Syllables | 녁 → [U+B141] |
녀녁녂녃년녅녆 녇녈녉녊녋녌녍 녎녏념녑녒녓녔 녕녖녗녘녙녚녛 :
| 네 ← | → 녜 |

## Korean
### Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 女 (“woman”).

#### Noun

| South Korean Standard Language | 여(女) (yeo) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 녀(女) (nyeo) |
녀 • (nyeo) (hanja 女)
* North Korea standard spelling of 여(女) (yeo, “woman; female”).
    Coordinate term: 남(男) (nam, “man; male”)
* daughter; used only when counting the number of children
    Coordinate term: 남(男) (nam, “son”)
    나는 2남 2녀 중 막내다. ― Na-neun 2-nam 2-nyeo jung mangnae-da. ― I am the youngest (child) among two sons and two daughters.

##### See also

* 딸 (ttal, “daughter (in general)”)

#### Suffix

—녀 • (-nyeo) (hanja 女)
* woman (who is characterized by this)
    Coordinate term: 남(男) (-nam, “man; male”)

### Etymology 2

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

#### Syllable

녀 • (nyeo)
* 女:
    (MC reading: 女 (MC nrjoX|nrjoH))
* 挐:
    (MC reading: 挐 (MC nrjo|nrae))
# ꦒꦗꦶꦃ
## Javanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡa.d͡ʒɪh/
* Rhymes: -d͡ʒɪh
* Hyphenation: ga‧jih

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Dutch gage, from Middle French gage (Modern French gage), from Old French gage, guage, from Frankish *waddī.

#### Noun

ꦒꦗꦶꦃ (gajih)
* salary

##### Derived terms

* ꦒꦗꦶꦲꦤ꧀ (gajihan)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Javanese gajih (“fat”).

#### Noun

ꦒꦗꦶꦃ (gajih)
* fat

##### Derived terms

* ꦔ꧀ꦒꦗꦶꦃ (nggajih)
* ꦔ꧀ꦒꦗꦶꦲꦶ (nggajihi)

##### Descendants

* → Indonesian: gajih

### Further reading

* “gajih” in Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Jawa-Indonesia], Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta Special [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta], 2023.
# sinking
## English
### Etymology

From sink +‎ -ing.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /ˈsɪŋkɪŋ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪŋkɪŋ
* Hyphenation: sink‧ing

### Noun

sinking (plural sinkings)
* gerund of sink: the process by which something sinks, or is sunk.
    I witnessed the sinking of my ship from the shore.
** 1857, Pamphlets on Biology: Kofoid collection:We must endeavour to realize a succession of gradual sinkings or depressions into deep water, alternating with gradual emergings into shallows, and eventually a gradual continued lifting of the whole district […]
** 2022 August 10, “Network News: New maintenance tunnel at Euston”, in RAIL, number 963, page 21:The excavation took 16 months of 24-hour working to complete and required the sinking of a 65ft shaft, from where workers carved out the passageway and lined it with reinforced steel and sprayed concrete.

#### Derived terms

* sinking feeling

#### Translations
### Verb

sinking
* present participle and gerund of sink

#### Derived terms

* like rats from a sinking ship
* sinking fund

### Further reading

* sinking (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* inkings
# հասկ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian հասկ (hask).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /hɑsk/, [hɑsk]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /hɑsɡ/, [hɑsk]

### Noun

հասկ • (hask)
* ear of corn

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).

### Noun

հասկ • (hask)
* ear of corn
    ոսկեփայլ հասկք ― oskepʻayl haskkʻ ― golden ears
    հասկս արձակել ― hasks arjakel ― to shoot into ears, to ear; to spire
    քաղել հասկ ― kʻałel hask ― to glean

#### Derived terms

* հասկաբեր (haskaber)
* հասկաթուռ (haskatʻuṙ)
* հասկահանեալ (haskahaneal)
* հասկահասութիւն (haskahasutʻiwn)
* հասկահասուն (haskahasun)
* հասկաքաղ (haskakʻał)
* քաջահասկ (kʻaǰahask)
* քառասնահասկ (kʻaṙasnahask)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: հասկ (hask)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “հասկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “հասկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “հասկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 389
# הביט
## Hebrew

* Root
* נ־ב־ט (n-b-ṭ)
* 2 terms

### Verb

הִבִּיט • (hibít) (hif'il construction)
* to look

#### Usage notes

Can take אֶל ('el), לְ־ (l'-), or בְּ־ (b'-).
# מהנדס
## Hebrew
### Etymology

* Root
* ה־נ־ד־ס (h-n-d-s)
* 4 terms
From the root ה־נ־ד־ס, which is from הַנְדָּסָה (handasá, “engineering”).
Probably derived from Arabic مُهَنْدِس (muhandis).

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /me(h)anˈdes/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

מְהַנְדֵּס • (m'handés) m (plural indefinite מְהַנְדְּסִים, singular construct מְהַנְדֵּס־, plural construct מְהַנְדְּסֵי־, feminine counterpart מְהַנְדֶּסֶת)
* engineer (person qualified or professionally engaged in engineering)

### Adjective

מְהֻנְדָּס • (m'hundás)
* defective spelling of מהונדס

### Further reading

* מהנדס on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# dobroczyńca
## Polish
### Etymology

From dobro +‎ -o- +‎ czynić +‎ -ca. Calque of Latin benefactor (literally “good doer”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔ.brɔˈt͡ʂɘɲ.t͡sa/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘɲt͡sa
* Syllabification: do‧bro‧czyń‧ca

### Noun

dobroczyńca m pers
* benefactor
    Synonyms: (archaic) benefaktor, (archaic) dobrodziej, fundator, ofiarodawca

#### Related terms

* dobroczynność
* dobroczynny

### Further reading

* dobroczyńca in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* dobroczyńca in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# bagging and tagging
## English
### Verb

bagging and tagging
* present participle and gerund of bag and tag
# 궤

| 궤 | U+ADA4, &#44452; HANGUL SYLLABLE GWE |
| Composition: | ㄱ + ㅞ |
| ← 궣 [U+ADA3] | Hangul Syllables | 궥 → [U+ADA5] |
궤궥궦궧궨궩궪 궫궬궭궮궯궰궱 궲궳궴궵궶궷궸 궹궺궻궼궽궾궿 :
| 궈 ← | → 귀 |

## Jeju
### Etymology

Cognate with Korean 괴 (goe, “cat (obsolete)”)

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kwe⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [kwe]
* Phonetic hangul: [궤]

### Noun

궤 (gwe)
* cat

## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwe̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [궤]

### Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 櫃 (“chest”)

#### Noun

궤 • (gwe) (hanja 櫃)
* a chest; a coffer; a box

### Etymology 2

Related to 게 (ge), compare Chungcheong, Pyongan and alternative Gyeonggi 괴 (goe).

#### Noun

궤 • (gwe)
* Seoul and Hwanghae form of 게 (ge, “crab”)

### Etymology 3

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

#### Syllable

궤 • (gwe)
* 軌: track, rut, path
    (eumhun reading: 수레바퀴 사이 궤 (surebakwi sai gwe)) (MC reading: 軌 (MC kwijX))
* 机:
    (MC reading: 机 (MC kjij|kjijX))
* 櫃:
    (MC reading: 櫃 (MC gwijH))
* 潰:
    (MC reading: 潰 (MC -))
* 詭:
    (MC reading: 詭 (MC kjweX))
* 饋:
    (MC reading: 饋 (MC gwijH))
* 佹:
    (MC reading: 佹 (MC kjweX))
* 几: back rest; desk
    (eumhun reading: 안석 궤 (anseok gwe)) (MC reading: 几 (MC kjijX))
* 劂:
    (MC reading: 劂 (MC -))
* 匱:
    (MC reading: 匱 (MC gwijH))
* 憒:
    (MC reading: 憒 (MC kwojH))
* 撅:
    (MC reading: 撅 (MC -))
* 樻:
    (MC reading: 樻 (MC gwijH|khwijH))
* 氿:
    (MC reading: 氿 (MC kwijX))
* 簋:
    (MC reading: 簋 (MC kwijX))
* 繢:
    (MC reading: 繢 (MC -))
* 跪:
    (MC reading: 跪 (MC khjweX|gjweX))
* 闠:
    (MC reading: 闠 (MC -))
* 餽:
    (MC reading: 餽 (MC gwijH))
* 麂:
    (MC reading: 麂 (MC kjijX))
* 凧:
    (MC reading: 凧)
* 匭:
    (MC reading: 匭 (MC kwijX))
* 厬:
    (MC reading: 厬 (MC kwijX))
* 圚:
    (MC reading: 圚)
* 垝:
    (MC reading: 垝 (MC kjweX|kjweH))
* 㙺:
    (MC reading: 㙺)
* 姽:
    (MC reading: 姽 (MC kjweX))
* 嬇:
    (MC reading: 嬇 (MC khweajH))
* 㧪:
    (MC reading: 㧪)
* 祪:
    (MC reading: 祪 (MC kjweX))
* 簂:
    (MC reading: 簂 (MC kwojH))
* 簣:
    (MC reading: 簣 (MC gwijH|khweajH))
* 籄:
    (MC reading: 籄)
* 蔮:
    (MC reading: 蔮 (MC kwojH))
* 蛫:
    (MC reading: 蛫 (MC kjweX))
* 觤:
    (MC reading: 觤 (MC kjweX))
* 蹶: to move
    (eumhun reading: 움직일 궤 (umjigil gwe)) (MC reading: 蹶 (MC kjwejH))
* 鐀:
    (MC reading: 鐀)
* 鱖:
    (MC reading: 鱖 (MC kjwejH))
* 歸: Alternative form of 饋
    (MC reading: 歸 (MC kjw+j))

### References

* Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 5.
* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
# beletörik
## Hungarian
### Etymology

bele- +‎ törik

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɛlɛtørik]
* Hyphenation: be‧le‧tö‧rik
* Rhymes: -ørik

### Verb

beletörik
* (intransitive) to break off (inside something: -ba/-be) (to end up in two pieces where one of the pieces remains inside of another object)
    A kulcsom beletört a zárba. ― My key broke inside the lock.

#### Derived terms

* beletörik a bicskája
* beletörik a foga
* beletörik a nyelve

### Further reading

* beletörik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* beletörik in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
# jakisi
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [jaˈki.ɕi]

### Pronoun

jakisi
* (Przemyśl) Alternative form of jakiś

### Further reading

* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “jakisi”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 335
# հնձան
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian հնձան (hnjan).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /hənˈd͡zɑn/, [hənd͡zɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /hənˈt͡sɑn/, [hənt͡sʰɑ́n]
* Hyphenation: հըն‧ձան

### Noun

հնձան • (hnjan)
* basin to squeeze grapes in, wine-press basin
* room for wine-pressing

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* հնծան (hncan)

### Etymology

The origin is uncertain. Perhaps from Hittite [script needed] ($^{GIŠ}$hanza(n), “a kind of implement”).

### Noun

հնձան • (hnjan)
* basin to squeeze grapes in, wine-press basin
    գուբ հնձան ― gub hnjan ― must-vessel
    հնձան հարկանել ― hnjan harkanel ― to press, to tread grapes; (figuratively) to trample, to oppress
* room for wine-pressing

#### Derived terms

* հնձանակ (hnjanak)
* հնձանահար (hnjanahar)
* հնձանահարութիւն (hnjanaharutʻiwn)
* հնձանայարկ (hnjanayark)
* հնձանաշէն (hnjanašēn)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: հնձան (hnjan)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “հնձան”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “հնձան”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “հնձան”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 413
# פיטור
## Hebrew
### Alternative forms

* פִּטּוּר (defective spelling)

### Etymology

* Root
* פ־ט־ר (p-ṭ-r)
* 13 terms
Action noun of the verb פיטר (pitér), from the root פ־ט־ר (p-t-r).

### Noun

פיטור / פִּטּוּר • (pitúr) m (plural indefinite פיטורים / פִּטּוּרִים, singular construct פיטור / פִּטּוּר־, plural construct פיטורי / פִּטּוּרֵי־) [pattern: קִטּוּל]
* A firing or layoff: an act of firing someone or laying someone off.
# krleš
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech krleš, krlešu. Derived from Ancient Greek Κύριε ελέησον (Kúrie eléēson).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkr̩lɛʃ]

### Interjection

krleš
* (archaic) Kyrie eleison

### References

* ↑ Václav Machek (1968) “krleš”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia, page 293

### Further reading

* “krleš”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “krleš”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# госпредприятие
## Russian
### Etymology

Acronym of госуда́рственное предприя́тие (gosudárstvennoje predprijátije, “state company”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˌɡosprʲɪtprʲɪˈjætʲɪje]

### Noun

госпредприя́тие • (gospredprijátije) n inan (genitive госпредприя́тия, nominative plural госпредприя́тия, genitive plural госпредприя́тий)
* state-owned company, state-owned enterprise

#### Related terms

* госуда́рственный (gosudárstvennyj), госуда́рственность (gosudárstvennostʹ)
* госуда́рь (gosudárʹ), госуда́рство (gosudárstvo)
* предприя́тие (predprijátije)
* предпринима́ть impf (predprinimátʹ), предприня́ть pf (predprinjátʹ)
* предпринима́тель (predprinimátelʹ), предпринима́тельность (predprinimátelʹnostʹ)
* предприи́мчивый (predpriímčivyj), предприи́мчивость (predpriímčivostʹ)
# bagged and tagged
## English
### Verb

bagged and tagged
* simple past and past participle of bag and tag
# ꦪꦺꦴꦩ꧀
## Javanese
### Etymology

Unknown (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jɔm/
* Rhymes: -jɔm
* Hyphenation: yom

### Verb

ꦪꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (yom)
* shaded

#### Derived terms

* ꦏꦪꦺꦴꦩꦤ꧀ (kayoman)
* ꦢꦶꦪꦺꦴꦩꦶ (diyomi)
* ꦲꦪꦺꦴꦩ꧀ (ayom)

### Further reading

* “yom” in Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Jawa-Indonesia], Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta Special [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta], 2023.
# jarzyć
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈja.ʐɘt͡ɕ/
* (Lesser Poland):
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [ˈja.ʐɘt͡ɕ]
* Audio 1; “jarzyć”:(file)
* Audio 2; “jarzyć się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -aʐɘt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ja‧rzyć

### Etymology 1

Clipping of kojarzyć (“to associate, to connect the dots”), possibly affected by jarzyć się (“to glow, to shine”).

#### Verb

jarzyć impf (perfective zajarzyć)
* (transitive, slang) to catch on, to get it (to understand something)
    Synonyms: czaić, kminić, kumać

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jariti.

#### Verb

jarzyć impf
* (reflexive with się) to glow, to illuminate
    Synonym: żarzyć się

##### Derived terms

* jarzeniowy
* jarzeniówka
* rozjarzyć

##### Related terms

* jary
* jarzec
* jarać

### Further reading

* jarzyć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* jarzyć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “jarzyć”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 335
# ձաղկ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /d͡zɑχk/, [d͡zɑχk]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /t͡sɑχɡ/, [t͡sʰɑχk]

### Noun

ձաղկ • (jaġk)
* (rare) rod, stick, staff
* (rare) beating

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

Inherited from a zero-grade formation of Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰolgʰ-, but Armenian points to *ǵʰolg-. Cognate with Lithuanian žalgà (“long, thin stake”), Proto-Germanic *galgô. See also ձաղտել (jaġtel).

### Noun

ձաղկ • (jałk)
* rod, stick, staff, whip, switch (often for beating)
* twig, branch
* beating, whipping
* (as an adjective) straight, upstanding, tense
    ձաղկ հերք, մազ ― jałk herkʻ, maz ― bristled up hair, hair set on end

#### Declension

post-classical
post-classical

#### Derived terms

* բարձրաձաղկ (barjrajałk)
* ձաղկահեր (jałkaher)
* ձաղկամազ (jałkamaz)
* ձաղկանք (jałkankʻ)
* ձաղկեմ (jałkem)
* ձաղկումն (jałkumn)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: ձաղկ (jaġk)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ձաղկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ձաղկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “ձաղկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 429