# gairid
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* geairid (Munster)
* goirid (Ulster)

### Etymology

From Old Irish garait (“short”).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ˈɟaɾʲədʲ/ (corresponding to the form geairid)
* (Connacht) IPA: /ˈɡaɾʲədʲ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈɡɨ̞ɾʲədʲ/, /ˈɡɛɾʲədʲ/ (corresponding to the form goirid)

### Adjective

gairid (genitive singular masculine gairid, genitive singular feminine gairide, plural gairide, comparative gairide)
* short (having a small distance between ends or edges; having little duration)

#### Declension

$^1$ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. $^2$ When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

#### Synonyms

* gearr

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 146, page 75
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 122
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 104, page 41

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gairid”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *garyeti, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵeh₂r-; cognate with Latin garriō (“chatter”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡarʲiðʲ]

### Verb

gairid (conjunct ·gair, verbal noun gairm)
* to call
    Synonym: do·gair
** c. 750-800 Torche na nDessi from Laud 610, published in "The Expulsion of the Déssi", Ériu 3 (1907), edited by Kuno Meyer, pp. 135-142, line 171
    "Gairthir [Congraid, Rawl.] damsa tra," ar Lugith, "bar n-drúidi .i. Droch ⁊ Cecht." Con·gairter dó."Call to me, then," Lugaid said, "all your druids, including Droch and Cecht." They were called to him.
** c. 775, “Táin Bó Fraích”, in Book of Leinster; republished as Ernst Windisch, editor, Táin bó Fraích, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1974, line 262:"Gairid damsa Findabair!", ol sé. Do·tháet Findabair cucai, ⁊ coíca ingen impe."Call Findabair over to me!" [Ailill] said. Findabair came to [Ailill], with fifty maidens around her.

#### Inflection

| | | 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. |
| Present indicative | Abs. | gairiu, gairim | gairi | gairid | gairmi | gairthe | gairit | |
| Present indicative | Conj. | ·gairiu, gairim | ·gairi | ·gair | ·gairem | ·gairid | ·gairet | |
| Present indicative | Rel. | | | | | | | |
| Imperfect indicative | Imperfect indicative | | | | | | | |
| Preterite | Abs. | | | | | | | |
| Preterite | Conj. | | | | | | | |
| Preterite | Rel. | | | | | | | |
| Perfect | Deut. | | | | | | | |
| Perfect | Prot. | | | | | | | |
| Future | Abs. | | | | | | | |
| Future | Conj. | | | | | | | |
| Future | Rel. | | | | | | | |
| Conditional | Conditional | | | | | | | |
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | | | | | | | |
| Present subjunctive | Conj. | | | | | | | |
| Present subjunctive | Rel. | | | | | | | |
| Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive | | | | | | | |
| Imperative | Imperative | | | | | gairid | | gairthir |
| Verbal noun | Verbal noun | gairm | | | | | | |
| Past participle | Past participle | | | | | | | |
| Verbal of necessity | Verbal of necessity | | | | | | | |

#### Derived terms

* ad·gair
* ar·focair
* ar·gair
* as·congair
* con·gair
* do·airngir
* do·gair
* do·imgair
* do·ingair
* du·acair
* for·congair
* for·dingair
* fo·úacair
* fris·gair
* imm·freccair

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: gairid
** Irish: gair
** Scottish Gaelic: goir

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gairid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 533