# latro
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈla.tro/
* Rhymes: -atro
* Hyphenation: là‧tro

### Etymology 1

From Latin latrō (“mercenary; bandit”).

#### Adjective

latro (feminine latra, masculine plural latri, feminine plural latre)
* (rare, obsolete) Alternative form of ladro

#### Noun

latro m (plural latri, feminine latra)
* (rare, obsolete) Alternative form of ladro

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

latro
* first-person singular present indicative of latrare

### Further reading

* latro in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Anagrams

* altro, oltra, talor, tarlo, tarlò

## Latin
### Etymology 1

Disputed. Often hypothesized as from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂t- (“to grant; to possess”) or *leh₁-t- (“to let, grant, provide”), when compared with Ancient Greek λάτρις (látris, “hired servant”) and Proto-Germanic *lēþą (“ownership, possession”). However, Beekes rejects an Indo-European etymology on phonetic grounds and instead posits Pre-Greek origin for the Greek; he believes Latin latrō is rather borrowed from unattested Ancient Greek *λάτρων (*látrōn).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈla.troː/, [ˈɫ̪ät̪roː] or IPA: /ˈlat.roː/, [ˈɫ̪ät̪roː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈla.tro/, [ˈläːt̪ro] or IPA: /ˈlat.ro/, [ˈlät̪ro]

#### Noun

latrō m (genitive latrōnis); third declension
* mercenary
* highwayman; brigand, bandit; robber
    Synonyms: praedō, latrunculus, vargus
* chessman, pawn
    Synonym: latrunculus
* (plural only, Classical Latin, Late Latin) the game of latrunculi (somewhat similar to chess)
    Synonyms: ludus latrunculorum, latrunculi

##### Declension

Third-declension noun.

##### Related terms

* lātrātio
* latrīa
* latrōcinālis
* latrōcināliter
* latrōcinātiō
* latrōcinium
* latrōcinor
* latrunculārius
* latrunculus

##### Descendants

From the nominative latrō:
* Dalmatian:
** ladr
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: ladru, latru
** Italian: ladro
** Sicilian: latru
** Neapolitan: latro
* Padanian:
** Emilian: lèder
** Friulian: lari
** Istriot: laro
** Ladin: lère
** Lombard: làdar, lader
    Alpine: ladru (Leventina), lädar (Val Bregaglia)
** Old Ligurian: lairo
** Piedmontese: làder, lar
** Romansch: lader, leder
** Venetan: ladro, laro
* Northern Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: lârro
** Old French: lerre
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** Old Catalan: ladre
*** Catalan: lladre
** Occitan: laire
* Ibero-Romance:
** Galician: ladro
** Portuguese: ladro (archaic)
* Ancient borrowings:
** →? Proto-Celtic: *latrū
*** Old Irish:
**** Middle Irish: latrann
***** Irish: ladrann
*** Proto-Brythonic: *llėdr
**** Breton: laer
**** Middle Cornish: lader
**** Middle Welsh: lleityr
***** Welsh: lleidr
From the accusative latrōnem:
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: ladrone
* Padanian:
** Friulian: ladron
** Piedmontese: ladron
** Venetan: ladron
* Northern Gallo-Romance:
** Old French: larron, lasrun, larrun, ladron, ladrun
*** French: larron (dated)
*** → Old Italian: larrone
*** → Sicilian: larruni (Chiaramonte)
** Walloon: lâron
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** Old Catalan: ladró
*** Catalan: lladró
** Old Occitan: lairon
*** Occitan: lairon
*** → Old Catalan: lairó
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: lladrón
** Mirandese: lhadron
** Old Galician-Portuguese: ladron
*** Fala: lairon (probably influenced by Extremaduran)
*** Galician: ladrón
*** Portuguese: ladrão (see there for further descendants)
** Old Spanish: ladron
*** Ladino: ladrón
*** Spanish: ladrón (see there for further descendants)
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: latruni, larruni
* Learned borrowings:
** → English: latron
** → Romanian: latrone

#### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “latro, -onis”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 201
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “λάτρον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 837–838

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Italic *lātrom, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂- (“to bark, howl”) (an expressive root). Cognate with lāmentum, Ancient Greek λῆρος (lêros), λάλος (lálos), λάσκω (láskō).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈlaː.troː/, [ˈɫ̪äːt̪roː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈla.tro/, [ˈläːt̪ro]

#### Verb

lātrō (present infinitive lātrāre, perfect active lātrāvī, supine lātrātum); first conjugation
* to bark, bay
* to rant, bluster
* (of water) to roar
* to demand vehemently

##### Derived terms

* ēlātrō
* lātrābilis
* lātrāns
* lātrātor
* lātrātōrius
* lātrātus
* oblātrō

##### Descendants

* Aromanian: alatru, alãtrari
* Asturian: lladrar
* Catalan: lladrar
* Galician: ladrar
* Italian: latrare
* Portuguese: ladrar
* Romanian: lătra, lătrare
* Spanish: ladrar
* → English: latrate

#### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 324-5

### Further reading

* “latro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “latro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* latro in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* latro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “latro”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 650
* Pede Certo - Digital Latin Metre‎, 2011