# नव
## Bhojpuri
### Etymology

From Sanskrit नवन् (navan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnáwa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.

### Numeral

नव (nav)
* nine

## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नव (nava).

### Adjective

नव • (nav) (indeclinable)
* (in compounds) new, recent, modern
* (in compounds) nine

#### Synonyms

* (new): नया (nayā)
* (nine): नौ (nau)

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* nava (Latin script)
* 𑀦𑀯 (Brahmi script)
* নৰ (Bengali script)
* නව (Sinhalese script)
* နဝ or ၼဝ (Burmese script)
* นว or นะวะ (Thai script)
* ᨶᩅ (Tai Tham script)
* ນວ or ນະວະ (Lao script)
* នវ (Khmer script)
* 𑄚𑅇 (Chakma script)

### Numeral

नव (nava)
* Devanagari script form of nava

#### Declension

Optionally indeclinable.

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* নৱ (Assamese script)
* ᬦᬯ (Balinese script)
* নব (Bengali script)
* 𑰡𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀦𑀯 (Brahmi script)
* နဝ (Burmese script)
* નવ (Gujarati script)
* ਨਵ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌨𑌵 (Grantha script)
* ꦤꦮ (Javanese script)
* 𑂢𑂫 (Kaithi script)
* ನವ (Kannada script)
* នវ (Khmer script)
* ນວ (Lao script)
* നവ (Malayalam script)
* ᠨᠠᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘡𑘪 (Modi script)
* ᠨᠠᠸᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧁𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐣𑐰 (Newa script)
* ନଵ (Odia script)
* ꢥꢮ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆤𑆮 (Sharada script)
* 𑖡𑖪 (Siddham script)
* නව (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩯𑩾 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚝𑚦 (Takri script)
* நவ (Tamil script)
* నవ (Telugu script)
* นว (Thai script)
* ན་ཝ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒢𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨝𑨭 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /nɐ́.ʋɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈn̪ɐ.ʋɐ/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *náwas (“new”), from Proto-Indo-European *néwos.
Cognate with Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀 (nauua), Persian نو (now), Ancient Greek νέος (néos), Latin novus, Tocharian B ñuwe, Old Church Slavonic новъ (novŭ), Old English nīewe (whence English new).

#### Adjective

नव • (náva) stem
* new, fresh, recent, young, modern
* often in compounds with a substantive
    नवान्न (navā-nna) — new rice or grain; first-fruits
* or with a past participle in the sense of "newly, just, lately"
    नवोदित (navo-dita) — newly risen (sun)

##### Antonyms

* सन (sana)
* पुराण (purāṇa)

##### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Dameli: [script needed] (nū̃a)
** Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (nuṅga)
** Kalami: [script needed] (nim)
** Kalasha: [script needed] (nhok)
** Kashmiri: نۆو (nov)
** Khowar: نوغ (noġ)
** Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (nā)
** Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (nəgō)
** Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (nūṅga)
** Phalura: [script needed] (nāwu)
** Shina: [script needed] (nāvu)
** Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (nō̃ā)
** Torwali: [script needed] (nam)
** Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (nam)
* Helu Prakrit:
** Sinhalese: නව (nawa)
* Magadhi Prakrit:
** Assamese: ন (no)
** Bengali: ন (no), নয়া (noẏa)
** Odia: ନୂଆ (nuā)
* Maharastri Prakrit:
** Konkani: नवें (navẽ)
** Marathi: नवा (navā)
* Sauraseni Prakrit:
** Saurashtra: ꢥꣁꢮ꣄ꢮꣁ (novvo)
** Gujarati: નવું (navũ)
** >? Hindi: नवा (navā)
** Marwari: नवा (navā)
** Punjabi: ਨਵਾਂ (navā̃)
** Romani: nevo
** Sindhi: नंओं (nãõ)

#### Noun

नव • (náva) stem, m
* young monk, novice
* crow
* a red-flowered पुनर्नवा (punar-navā)
* name of a son of उशीनर (uśīnara) and नवा (navā)
* name of a son of विलोमन् (viloman)

##### Declension
#### Noun

नव • (náva) stem, n
* new grain

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From the root नु (nu, “to praise, commend”).

#### Noun

नव • (nava) stem, m
* praise, celebration

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

From the root नु (nu, “to sound loudly, roar, thunder”).

#### Noun

नव • (nava) stem, m
* sneezing

##### Declension
### Etymology 4

See नवन् (návan, “nine”).

#### Numeral

नव • (náva)
* in त्रिणव (tri-ṇava) and in compounds: nine

##### Derived terms

* नवग्रह (navagraha)
* नवरत्न (navaratna)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “नव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 0530, 0531.