# sabbatum
## Gothic
### Romanization

sabbatum
* Romanization of 𐍃𐌰𐌱𐌱𐌰𐍄𐌿𐌼

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* Sabbatum
* *sambatum (Vulgar Latin) (Compare the etymologies of French samedi (“lit., Sabbath day, now Saturday”), German Samstag (“lit., Sabbath day, now Saturday”))

### Etymology

From Ancient Greek σάββατον (sábbaton, “Sabbath”), from Biblical Hebrew שַׁבָּת (šabbāṯ, “Sabbath”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈsab.ba.tum/, [ˈs̠äbːät̪ʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈsab.ba.tum/, [ˈsäbːät̪um]

### Noun

sabbatum n (genitive sabbatī); second declension
* Sabbath (the Jewish day of rest, i.e., the biblical seventh day of the week)
* (Late Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin) Saturday

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

#### Synonyms

* (Sabbath): Hērōdis diēs

#### Coordinate terms

* diēs hebdomadis
* diēs Sōlis, diēs Dominicus
* diēs Lūnae, fēria secunda
* diēs Mārtis, fēria tertia
* diēs Mercuriī, fēria quārta
* diēs Iovis, fēria quīnta
* diēs Veneris, fēria sexta
* diēs Sāturnī, diēs Sabbatī

#### Derived terms

* diēs Sabbatī
* *sambatum

#### Descendants

* Dalmatian:
** sabata, subatu
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: sàbatu
** Italian: sabato, sabbato (regional or archaic)
*** → Thai: สะบาโต (sà-baa-dtoo)
** Sicilian: sàbbatu, savi
* Padanian:
** Emilian: sabat, sàbot, sabet
** Friulian: sabide, sàbide (alternative orthography)
** Ladin: sabeda
** Ligurian: sâbo
** Lombard: sabat, sàbot, sabet
** Piedmontese: saba
** Romagnol: sabat
** Romansch: sonda, sanda, somda
** Venetan: sabo
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** Aragonese: sabado
** Old Leonese:
*** Asturian: sábadu
** Old Galician-Portuguese: sabado
*** Galician: sábado
*** Portuguese: sábado
**** Guinea-Bissau Creole: sabadu
**** Kabuverdianu: sabadu
**** → Kadiwéu: xaabado
**** → Old Tupi: sabaru
***** Nheengatu: saurú
**** → Tetum: loron-sábadu
** Old Spanish:
*** Spanish: sábado (see there for further descendants)
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: sàbadu, sàbudu, sàpatu
* → Catalan: sàbat
* → Middle Dutch: sabbat, sabaet, sabbet, sabboth
** Dutch: sabbat
*** Negerhollands: sabbath
*** → Papiamentu: sabbat (dated)
* → Old English: sabbat, sabat
** Middle English: sabat, sabbat, sabath
*** English: Sabbath
* → Old French: sabat, sabbat
** Middle French:
*** French: sabbat, chabbat, shabbat
**** → English: sabbat
** Norman: sabbat
* → Middle High German: sābāot, sābot, sabbat
** German: Sabbath
* → Old High German: skobaht
* → Middle Low German: sabbat, sabbet
** → Swedish: sabbat
** → Danish: sabbat
*** → Faroese: sabbatur
*** → Greenlandic: sapaat
* → Interlingua: sabbato
* → Old Irish: sabbait (see there for further descendants)
* → Italian: sabba
* → Polish: sabat
* → Portuguese: sabá, sabbat
* → Proto-Slavic: *sǫbota, *sobota (see there for further descendants)

### References

* “sabbatum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* sabbatum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* sabbatum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.