# होना
## Hindi
### Etymology

Highly suppletive. Ultimately from Old Hindi होना (honā). See हो (ho), है (hai), था (thā), and हुआ (huā) for more. Compare Punjabi ਹੋਣਾ (hoṇā), Gujarati હોવું (hovũ) / થવું (thavũ), Marathi होणे (hoṇe), Bengali হওয়া (hoōẇa), and Assamese হোৱা (hüa).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɦoː.nɑː/, [ɦoː.näː]

### Verb

होना • (honā) (ambitransitive, Urdu spelling ہونا)
* (transitive, copulative) to be (used to indicate that the subject and object are the same)
    आपका नाम क्या है? ― āpkā nām kyā hai? ― What is your name?
* (transitive, copulative) to be, become (to have or gain the quality of)
    खाना बहुत बुरा है। ― khānā bahut burā hai. ― The food is very bad.
    तुम गुस्सा हो क्या? ― tum gussā ho kyā? ― Are you angry?
    वह बहुत ग़ुस्सा हुआ। ― vah bahut ġussā huā. ― He was/became very angry.
* (intransitive) to exist
    आस्तिक कहते है कि भगवान है।āstik kahte hai ki bhagvān hai.Theists say that God exists.
* (intransitive) to be born
    एक बच्चा हुआ। ― ek baccā huā. ― A child was born.
    Synonyms: पैदा होना (paidā honā), जन्म लेना (janma lenā)
* (intransitive) to occur, happen, take place
    घर में एक मुसीबत हुई है।ghar mẽ ek musībat huī hai.A disaster has occurred at home.
    क्या हुआ? ― kyā huā? ― What happened?
    Synonyms: घटना (ghaṭnā), घटित होना (ghaṭit honā)
* (intransitive) to be (occupy a certain location)
    कहाँ है मेरा भतीजा ? ― kahā̃ hai merā bhatījā ? ― Where is my nephew?
* (intransitive) to result, have an effect
    अगर तू नहीं जीती तो क्या हुआ?agar tū nahī̃ jītī to kyā huā?What does it matter if you didn't win?
    Synonym: फ़रक़ पड़ना (faraq paṛnā)
* (intransitive) to pass by, elapse
    दो साल हुए हैं जबसे मैंने नौकरी शुरू की है।do sāl hue ha͠i jabse ma͠ine naukrī śurū kī hai.Two years have elapsed since I started (my) job.
* (intransitive, with instrumental-case subject) to be done, committed
    मुझसे एक ग़लती हो गई है।mujhse ek ġaltī ho gaī hai.I have made a mistake.(literally, “A mistake has been committed by me.”)
* (intransitive) a tense auxiliary
    मैं खा रहा हूँ। ― ma͠i khā rahā hū̃. ― I am eating.
    वह हवाईजहाज़ को देख रहा था।vah havāījhāz ko dekh rahā thā.He was watching the airplane.
* (intransitive) a modal auxiliary
** indicates the presumptive (a kind of irrealis) mood
    उसने नाश्ता खाया होगा।usne nāśtā khāyā hogā.He probably ate/must have eaten breakfast.
** to have to, must
    मैं आज पार्टी में नहीं आ पाऊँगा, मुझे काम करना है।ma͠i āj pārṭī mẽ nahī̃ ā pāūṅgā, mujhe kām karnā hai.I can't come to the party today, I have to work.
* (intransitive) a conjunct verb turning any noun or adjective into a verb
    खड़ा होना ― khaṛā honā ― to stand up
    बड़ा होना ― baṛā honā ― to grow up
    कूल होना ― kūl honā ― to be cool
    परेशान होना ― pareśān honā ― to be worried, anxious

#### Conjugation

$^1$The forms होिये (hoiye) and होियेगा (hoiyegā) can also be spelled without the y: होिए (hoie) and होिएगा (hoiegā). $^2$Rare. $^3$The forms हूजिये (hūjiye) and हूजियेगा (hūjiyegā) can also be spelled without the y: हूजिए (hūjie) and हूजिएगा (hūjiegā).

#### Derived terms

* अंगारा होना (aṅgārā honā)
* खड़ा होना (khaṛā honā)
* गर्भ से होना (garbh se honā)
* ग़ायब होना (ġāyab honā)
* गायब होना (gāyab honā)
* ठीक होना (ṭhīk honā)
* पैदा होना (paidā honā)
* मतलब होना (matlab honā)
* मालूम होना (mālūm honā)

#### Further reading

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “होना”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
* Kachru, Yamuna (2006) Hindi (London African and Oriental language library; 12)‎, John Benjamins Publishing, →ISBN
* Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “होना”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “होना”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* Platts, John T. (1884) “होना”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC

### References
## Old Hindi
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀳𑁄𑀇 (hoi), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti), from 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati), from Sanskrit भव॑ति (bhávati), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-. Cognate with Old Gujarati हूइ (hūi, 3p. sing. pres.).

### Verb

होना (honā)
* to be
** c. 1420, Kabīr, Kabīr Vāṇī 76.0:मैं सबनन मैं अर मैं न हूँ सब।maiṃ sabanana maiṃ ara maiṃ na hūm̐ saba.I am present in all, I am not this all.

#### Descendants

* Hindustani:
** Hindi: होना (honā)
** Urdu: ہونا (honā)

#### References

* Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC