# escama
## Asturian
### Etymology

From Latin squāma (“scale”).

### Noun

escama f (plural escames)
* scale (of a fish)

## Catalan
### Etymology 1

From Latin squāma. Doublet of esquama.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [əsˈka.mə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [esˈka.ma]

#### Noun

escama f (plural escames)
* scale (of an animal or insect)
    Synonym: escata
* (botany) scale
    Synonym: esquama

#### Further reading

* “escama” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “escama”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “escama” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “escama” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

escama
* inflection of escamar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Galician
### Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese (the derived form escamar is already attested in the Cantigas de Santa Maria, 13th century), from Latin squāma (“scale”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [esˈkɑmɐ]

#### Noun

escama m (plural escamas)
* scale (of a fish or reptile)
* peritoneum
    Synonyms: teaz, touca

##### Derived terms

* escamar

#### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “escama”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “escama”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “escama”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “escama”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “escama”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

escama
* inflection of escamar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Old Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin squāmam, accusative of squāma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /esˈkama/

### Noun

escama f (plural escamas)
* scale (of a fish or reptile)
** c. 1250, Alfonso X, Lapidario, 56v:[…] ca alli a una laguna q̃ ſe tiene cõ la. en q̃ a unos peces tamannos como un palmo. ⁊ no an eſcama nĩguna.[…] for in that place there is a pool in which there are large fish, the size of a handspan, and they have no scales whatsoever.

#### Descendants

* Spanish: escama

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /isˈkɐ̃.mɐ/, /esˈkɐ̃.mɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /isˈkɐ̃.mɐ/, /esˈkɐ̃.mɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃˈkɐ̃.mɐ/, /eʃˈkɐ̃.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /esˈkɐ.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃˈkɐ.mɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃˈkɐ.mɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃˈka.mɐ/
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -ɐmɐ, (Brazil) -ɐ̃mɐ
* Hyphenation: es‧ca‧ma

### Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese escama, from Latin squāma (“scale”).

#### Noun

escama f (plural escamas)
* scale (keratin pieces covering the skin of certain animals)

##### Related terms

* escamado
* escamar

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

escama
* inflection of escamar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /esˈkama/ [esˈka.ma]
* Rhymes: -ama
* Syllabification: es‧ca‧ma

### Etymology 1

From Old Spanish escama, from Latin squāma. Cognate with English squama and squame.

#### Noun

escama f (plural escamas)
* scale (of a fish or reptile)
* flake (of dead skin)

##### Related terms

* escamar
* escamoso

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

escama
* inflection of escamar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “escama”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10