# 圕

| 圕 | U+5715, &#22293; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5715 |
| ← 圔 [U+5714] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 圖 → [U+5716] |

## Translingual
### Han character

圕 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 田中土日 (WLGA), composition ⿴囗書)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 220, character 15
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4829
* Dae Jaweon: page 452, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 1, page 724, character 11
* Unihan data for U+5715

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Coined by Chinese library science expert Du Dingyou in the early 20th century by combining the 圖 / 图 (tú) and 書 / 书 (shū) of 圖書館 / 图书馆, which can also be analysed as ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 囗 (“enclosure”) + 書 (“books”).

### Etymology

Monosyllabic tuān reading by contraction of polysyllabic 圖書館 / 图书馆 (túshūguǎn), taking initial and final sounds, with tone from middle syllable.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tuān, túshūguǎn (tuan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄢ, ㄊㄨˊ ㄕㄨ ㄍㄨㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): syu$^1$, gun$^2$, tou$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuān
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuan
*** Wade–Giles: tʻuan$^1$
*** Yale: twān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuan
*** Palladius: туань (tuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯än⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: túshūguǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨˊ ㄕㄨ ㄍㄨㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: túshuguǎn
*** Wade–Giles: tʻu$^2$-shu$^1$-kuan$^3$
*** Yale: tú-shū-gwǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: twushugoan
*** Palladius: тушугуань (tušuguanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: syu$^1$, gun$^2$, tou$^4$
*** Yale: syū, gún, tòuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sy$^1$, gun$^2$, tou$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xu$^1$, gun$^2$, tou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /syː⁵⁵ kuːn³⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

#### Definitions

圕
* (uncommon) library

#### Usage notes

圕 is one of the few standardized polysyllabic Chinese characters used in Mandarin, but it never gained widespread acceptance within China, where it is thought of as a Japanese kokuji, because Du coined it for a Japanese-made Chinese word '圖書館' while he was in Japan. The character was more common in Japan, where it appeared in the name of library science journal 圕(としょかん)研(けん)究(きゅう) (Toshokan Kenkyū).

### References

* ↑ "Toshokan to iu moji"
* ↑ "Kokuji no sekai, netto ni hiraku"

### Further reading

* “Polysyllabic characters in Chinese writing”, Victor Mair, Language Log, August 2, 2011
* “圕”字怎么念？什么意思？谁造的？, 2006-04-21
* “Early 21st-Century Power Struggles of Chinese Languages Teaching in US Higher Education”, page 170, 2018
* https://shyyp.net/hant/w/%E5%9C%95
* https://jyut.net/query?q=%E5%9C%95

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* (obscure) library

#### Readings

* Kan’yō-on: しょ (sho)
* Kun: としょかん (toshokan, 圕)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 圕
* としょかん Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 𡆥
The character was created by Chinese library sciences expert Du Dingyou (杜定友) in the early 20th century by combining the 圖 and 書 of 圖書館. See the “Usage notes” section in the Chinese entry for more.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) としょかん [tòshóꜜkàǹ] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [to̞ɕo̞kã̠ɴ]

### Noun

圕(としょかん) • (toshokan)
* (obsolete) Abbreviation of 図書館: library
    泉(いずみ)光(みつ)『圕(としょかん)の大(だい)魔(ま)術(じゅつ)師(し)』
       Izumi Mitsu “Toshokan no Daimajutsushi”
       Mitsu IZUMI, Magus of the Library (2017 manga)

## Korean

* Hanja in this term
* 圕

### Etymology

See the "Etymology" section in the Japanese entry.

### Noun

圕 (eumhun 도서관 서 (doseogwan seo))
* (obsolete) Abbreviation of 圖書館: library

### References

* http://db.cyberseodang.or.kr/twochar/umga/data/umga_c11c.html