# 倦

| 倦 | U+5026, &#20518; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5026 |
| ← 倥 [U+5025] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 倧 → [U+5027] |

## Translingual
### Han character

倦 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人火手山 (OFQU), four-corner 2921$_2$, composition ⿰亻卷 (GTKV) or ⿰亻巻 (J))
* be tired of, weary

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 108, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 788
* Dae Jaweon: page 231, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 183, character 7
* Unihan data for U+5026

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 倦
* Small seal scripts05897Transcribed ancient scriptsL36738L23040L23041L23042L23043L23044
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 腃 | *kʰruls, *ɡron |
| 卷 | *ɡron, *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡonʔ |
| 菤 | *kronʔ |
| 捲 | *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡron |
| 埢 | *kronʔ |
| 睠 | *krons |
| 弮 | *kʰron, *krons |
| 犈 | *krons, *ɡron |
| 棬 | *kʰron |
| 鬈 | *kʰron, *ɡron |
| 圈 | *kʰron, *ɡronʔ, *kʰon, *ɡlonʔ, *ɡlons |
| 蜷 | *ɡron |
| 踡 | *ɡron |
| 婘 | *ɡron |
| 蔨 | *ɡronʔ, *ɡrunʔ |
| 倦 | *ɡrons |
| 淃 | *ɡrons |
| 綣 | *kʰonʔ, *kʰons |
| 裷 | *kʰonʔ, *qon |
In the Chu form, a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrons) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 龹. In the Small Seal Script form, a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrons) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 卷 (OC *ɡron, *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡonʔ).

### Etymology

Compare Tibetan ཀྱོར་ཀྱོར (kyor kyor, “weak; feeble”), Tibetan ཁྱོར་བ (khyor ba, “to stumble; to move totteringly”), Tibetan འཁྱོར་བ ('khyor ba, “to stagger, to reel”) (Bodman, 1980). Cognate with 痯 (OC *koːnʔ, *koːns, “exhausted”) (Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): juàn (juan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gyun$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khién / khián
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koān / koàn
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: juàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyuàn
*** Wade–Giles: chüan$^4$
*** Yale: jywàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuann
*** Palladius: цзюань (czjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gyun$^6$
*** Yale: gyuhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gyn$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gün$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kyːn²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khién
*** Hakka Romanization System: kien$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kian$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯en³¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khián
*** Hakka Romanization System: kian$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kian$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯an³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koān
*** Tâi-lô: kuān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koan
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kuan³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kuan²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koàn
*** Tâi-lô: kuàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koaxn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit倦 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕyan⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕyan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕyan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕyã²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕyã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕyan³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕyã⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕyã²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕyan¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕyɛ̃n¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕyan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕyɛn³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕyan¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕian²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕiɛ̃²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕyen⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕyĩ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕye⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕye̞³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕye⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /d͡ʑyø²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /d͡ʑiø³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡zz̩ʷõ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /d͡ʑy²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰye²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡ɕyɛ⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕyẽ⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕyẽ¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕyẽ⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰian³¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kyn²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kyn²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kyn²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kuan²²/ /uã²¹/ 俗 |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kuɔŋ²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kyiŋ³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kuaŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kin³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: gjwenH
Rime :
| Character | 倦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (80) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠卷切 |
| Baxter | gjwenH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiuᴇn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡʷᵚiɛn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiuæn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gwian$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjuɛn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭwɛn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯wɛn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | juàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gyun$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrons/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 倦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7199 |
| Phonetic component | 卷 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 倦 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡrons/ |

### Definitions

倦
* tired; weary
    疲倦 ― píjuàn ― exhausted; fatigued
    厭倦／厌倦 ― yànjuàn ― fed up; bored
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Zǐ yuē: “Mò ér shí zhī, xué ér bù yàn, huì rén bù juàn, hé yǒu yú wǒ zāi?” [Pinyin]
    The Master said, "The silent treasuring up of knowledge; learning without satiety; and instructing others without being wearied - which one of these things belongs to me?"

### Compounds

* 不倦 (bùjuàn)
* 乏倦
* 亹亹不倦
* 倦乏
* 倦勤
* 倦容 (juànróng)
* 倦怠 (juàndài)
* 倦意 (juànyì)
* 倦游
* 倦累
* 倦色
* 倦遊 / 倦游
* 倦飛 / 倦飞
* 倦鳥知返 / 倦鸟知返
* 力學不倦 / 力学不倦 (lìxuébùjuàn)
* 勞倦 / 劳倦
* 厭倦 / 厌倦 (yànjuàn)
* 困倦 (kùnjuàn)
* 好學不倦 / 好学不倦 (hàoxuébùjuàn)
* 娓娓不倦
* 孜孜不倦 (zīzībùjuàn)
* 孳孳不倦
* 怠倦
* 悶倦 / 闷倦
* 憊倦 / 惫倦
* 拘倦
* 朝夕不倦
* 樂善不倦 / 乐善不倦
* 樂此不倦 / 乐此不倦
* 猒倦
* 疲倦 (píjuàn)
* 睏倦 / 困倦 (kùnjuàn)
* 終日不倦 / 终日不倦 (zhōngrì bùjuàn)
* 誨人不倦 / 诲人不倦 (huìrénbùjuàn)
* 誨而不倦 / 诲而不倦
* 諄諄不倦 / 谆谆不倦
* 鞍馬勞倦 / 鞍马劳倦

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | Shinjitai (extended) |
| 倦󠄂 倦+&#xE0102; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | Shinjitai (extended) |
| Kyūjitai | 倦 |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* in fatigue
* languor
* grow weary of, lose interest in

#### Readings

* Go-on: げん (gen)
* Kan-on: けん (ken)
* Kun: つかれる (tsukareru, 倦れる)、うむ (umu, 倦む)

#### Compounds

* 倦(けん)厭(えん) (ken'en)
* 倦(けん)憩(けい) (kenkei)
* 倦(けん)色(しょく) (kenshoku)
* 倦(けん)惰(だ) (kenda)
* 倦(けん)怠(たい) (kentai)
* 倦(けん)憊(ぱい) (kenpai)

#### Related terms

* 倦きる, 倦る
* 倦ねる

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 倦 (MC gjwenH).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 꿘〮 (Yale: kkwén) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 권 (kwen) (Yale: kwen) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwɘ(ː)n]
* Phonetic hangul: [권(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 倦 (eumhun 게으를 권 (geeureul gwon))
* hanja form of 권 (“languor”)

#### Compounds

* 권로 (倦勞, gwollo)
* 권태 (倦怠, gwontae)
* 권피 (倦疲, gwonpi)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

倦: Hán Nôm readings: quyện, cuộn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.