# 現

| 現 | U+73FE, &#29694; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-73FE |
| ← 珽 [U+73FD] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 珿 → [U+73FF] |

## Translingual
### Han character

現 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一土月山山 (MGBUU), four-corner 1611$_0$, composition ⿰𤣩見)

#### Derived characters

* 𠻷, 𣎔, 𡠝

#### Related characters

* 现 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 732, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21004
* Dae Jaweon: page 1143, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1116, character 3
* Unihan data for U+73FE

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 涀 | *ɡeːlʔ, *kʰeːns, *ɡeːns |
| 莧 | *ɡreːns |
| 粯 | *ɡreːns |
| 晛 | *ŋl'eːns, *ɡeːnʔ |
| 筧 | *keːnʔ |
| 絸 | *keːnʔ |
| 垷 | *keːnʔ, *ɡeːnʔ |
| 挸 | *keːnʔ |
| 見 | *keːns, *ɡeːns |
| 俔 | *kʰeːns, *ɡeːnʔ |
| 蜆 | *kʰeːns, *qʰeːnʔ, *ɡeːnʔ |
| 硯 | *ŋɡeːn, *ŋɡeːns |
| 峴 | *ɡeːnʔ |
| 哯 | *ɡeːnʔ |
| 睍 | *ɡeːnʔ |
| 現 | *ɡeːns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡeːns) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 見 (OC *keːns, *ɡeːns). The use of 王 as the archaic form of 玉 is a reference to something precious and/or brilliant that easily catches the eye. However, the phonetic component indicates an eye, hence it adds part of the meaning.

### Etymology

Stativized form of the transitive verb 見 (OC *keːns, “to see”), formed by a nasal prefix and expressing the sense "to be visible; to appear" (Mei, 2012).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): xiàn (xian$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xian$^4$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щүан (xüan, II) / щян (xi͡an, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jin$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yen$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): xien$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hien / hian
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hian$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): xie$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): hīng
* Eastern Min (BUC): hiêng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): heng$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hiān / hiàn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hing$^7$ / hêng$^7$ / hiang$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$yi
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xienn$^5$ / xienn$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
*** Wade–Giles: hsien$^4$
*** Yale: syàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
*** Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: xian$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xian
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiɛn²¹³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щүан (xüan, II) / щян (xi͡an, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕyæ̃⁵¹/, /ɕiæ̃⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jin$^6$
*** Yale: yihn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jin$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yin$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːn²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yen$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jen³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: xien$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiɛn¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hien
*** Hakka Romanization System: hien
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hi̯en⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hian
*** Hakka Romanization System: hian
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hi̯an⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hian⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: xie$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕie⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hīng
*** Sinological IPA : /xiŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hiêng
*** Sinological IPA : /hiɛŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: heng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɛŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiān
*** Tâi-lô: hiān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hien
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hiɛn⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiɛn²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiɛn³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiàn
*** Tâi-lô: hiàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiexn
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛn²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hiɛn¹¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hing$^7$ / hêng$^7$ / hiang$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hīng / hēng / hiāng
*** Sinological IPA : /hiŋ¹¹/, /heŋ¹¹/, /hiaŋ¹¹/
* hing7 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping;
* hêng7 - Jieyang;
* hiang7 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.
* Middle Chinese: henH
Rime :
| Character | 現 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 胡甸切 |
| Baxter | henH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦen$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦen$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɛn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦɛn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣen$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣien$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣien$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jin$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-[k]ˤen-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡeːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 現 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hen$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*N-[k]ˁen-s/ |
| English | appear |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 現 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6207 |
| Phonetic component | 見 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 見 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡeːns/ |
| Notes | 俗同見 |

### Definitions

現
* present; current
    現階段／现阶段 ― xiàn jiēduàn ― the present stage
    From: 2020, 原始和聲 [Raw Harmony], lyrics by 李俊霆 [Matthew Li], 願盡我一生
    jin$^6$ ngo$^5$ zi$^2$ soeng$^2$ jyu$^5$ nei$^5$ tung$^4$ heoi$^3$, zung$^1$ ci$^2$ sai$^3$, geoi$^1$ jyu$^1$ nei$^5$ oi$^3$ leoi$^5$ [Jyutping]
    Now, I only want to go with You, dwelling in Your love this whole life
* to appear; to manifest; to become visible
* on the spot; then and there
    現學現賣／现学现卖 ― xiànxuéxiànmài ― immediately wielding new knowledge
    現切現賣／现切现卖 ― xiàn qiē xiàn mài ― freshly portioned and directly sold
    現充羽絨被／现充羽绒被 ― xiàn chōng yǔróngbèi ― duvet filled on the spot
* ready; on hand
    現金／现金 ― xiànjīn ― cash
    現貨／现货 ― xiànhuò ― merchandise in stock
* cash
    兌現／兑现 ― duìxiàn ― to cash (a cheque, etc.)
    套現／套现 [Cantonese] ― tou$^3$ jin$^{6-2}$ [Jyutping] ― to cash out
* (Southern Min) clear; plain; distinct

#### Compounds

* 一切現成 / 一切现成
* 丟人現眼 / 丢人现眼 (diūrénxiànyǎn)
* 乍現 / 乍现
* 兌現 / 兑现 (duìxiàn)
* 公告現值 / 公告现值
* 再現 / 再现 (zàixiàn)
* 凝血現象 / 凝血现象
* 出現 / 出现 (chūxiàn)
* 吃現成 / 吃现成
* 吃現成飯 / 吃现成饭 (chī xiànchéngfàn)
* 呈現 / 呈现 (chéngxiàn)
* 圖窮匕現 / 图穷匕现 (túqióngbǐxiàn)
* 安於現狀 / 安于现状 (ānyúxiànzhuàng)
* 實現 / 实现 (shíxiàn)
* 封鎖現場 / 封锁现场
* 展現 / 展现 (zhǎnxiàn)
* 平分售現 / 平分售现
* 忽隱忽現 / 忽隐忽现
* 愛現 / 爱现 (àixiàn)
* 應物現形 / 应物现形
* 打嘴現世 / 打嘴现世
* 投現 / 投现
* 撿現成 / 捡现成
* 映現 / 映现
* 曇花一現 / 昙花一现 (tánhuāyīxiàn)
* 曙光乍現 / 曙光乍现
* 毛細現象 / 毛细现象 (máoxì xiànxiàng)
* 活現 / 活现 (huóxiàn)
* 活神活現 / 活神活现
* 活靈活現 / 活灵活现 (huólínghuóxiàn)
* 活龍活現 / 活龙活现 (huólónghuóxiàn)
* 浮現 / 浮现 (fúxiàn)
* 湧現 / 涌现 (yǒngxiàn)
* 湊現成 / 凑现成
* 犯罪現場 / 犯罪现场 (fànzuì xiànchǎng)
* 現下 / 现下 (xiànxià)
* 現世 / 现世 (xiànshì)
* 現世報 / 现世报 (xiànshìbào)
* 現世寶 / 现世宝
* 現世現報 / 现世现报
* 現世界 / 现世界
* 現今 / 现今 (xiànjīn)
* 現代 / 现代 (xiàndài)
* 現代主義 / 现代主义 (xiàndài zhǔyì)
* 現代人 / 现代人 (xiàndàirén)
* 現代化 / 现代化 (xiàndàihuà)
* 現代史 / 现代史
* 現代建築 / 现代建筑
* 現代繪畫 / 现代绘画
* 現代舞 / 现代舞 (xiàndàiwǔ)
* 現代芭蕾 / 现代芭蕾
* 現代藝術 / 现代艺术
* 現代詩 / 现代诗
* 現任 / 现任 (xiànrèn)
* 現值 / 现值
* 現出 / 现出 (xiànchū)
* 現出原身 / 现出原身
* 現前 / 现前
* 現勢 / 现势 (xiànshì)
* 現在 / 现在
* 現址 / 现址 (xiànzhǐ)
* 現場 / 现场 (xiànchǎng)
* 現場節目 / 现场节目
* 現大洋 / 现大洋 (xiàndàyáng)
* 現存 / 现存 (xiàncún)
* 現實 / 现实 (xiànshí)
* 現實主義 / 现实主义 (xiànshí zhǔyì)
* 現弄 / 现弄
* 現形 / 现形 (xiànxíng)
* 現役 / 现役 (xiànyì)
* 現役軍人 / 现役军人
* 現成 / 现成 (xiànchéng)
* 現成話 / 现成话
* 現成飯 / 现成饭 (xiànchéngfàn)
* 現時 / 现时 (xiànshí)
* 現時報 / 现时报
* 現期 / 现期
* 現款 / 现款 (xiànkuǎn)
* 現況 / 现况 (xiànkuàng)
* 現洋 / 现洋 (xiànyáng)
* 現狀 / 现状 (xiànzhuàng)
* 現現成成 / 现现成成
* 現眼 / 现眼 (xiànyǎn)
* 現職 / 现职 (xiànzhí)
* 現行 / 现行 (xiànxíng)
* 現行法 / 现行法
* 現行犯 / 现行犯 (xiànxíngfàn)
* 現象 / 现象 (xiànxiàng)
* 現貨 / 现货 (xiànhuò)
* 現貨市場 / 现货市场
* 現買現賣 / 现买现卖
* 現賣 / 现卖
* 現身 / 现身 (xiànshēn)
* 現身說法 / 现身说法
* 現金 / 现金 (xiànjīn)
* 現金帳 / 现金帐 (xiànjīnzhàng)
* 現金救助 / 现金救助
* 現金給付 / 现金给付
* 現金股利 / 现金股利
* 現鈔 / 现钞 (xiànchāo)
* 現錢 / 现钱 (xiànqián)
* 現階段 / 现阶段
* 發現 / 发现 (fāxiàn)
* 發現學習 / 发现学习
* 社會現象 / 社会现象 (shèhuì xiànxiàng)
* 神氣活現 / 神气活现
* 競合現象 / 竞合现象
* 第一現場 / 第一现场 (dì-yī xiànchǎng)
* 節目現場 / 节目现场
* 聖嬰現象 / 圣婴现象 (shèngyīng xiànxiàng)
* 自我實現 / 自我实现
* 自我表現 / 自我表现 (zìwǒ biǎoxiàn)
* 自然現象 / 自然现象 (zìrán xiànxiàng)
* 良心發現 / 良心发现
* 若隱若現 / 若隐若现 (ruòyǐnruòxiàn)
* 虹吸現象 / 虹吸现象
* 表現 / 表现 (biǎoxiàn)
* 表現主義 / 表现主义 (biǎoxiànzhǔyì)
* 貼現 / 贴现 (tiēxiàn)
* 貼現率 / 贴现率
* 貼現窗口 / 贴现窗口
* 退化現象 / 退化现象
* 退現 / 退现
* 重現 / 重现 (chóngxiàn)
* 重現江湖 / 重现江湖
* 重貼現率 / 重贴现率
* 針孔現象 / 针孔现象
* 閃現 / 闪现 (shǎnxiàn)
* 隱現 / 隐现
* 顯現 / 显现 (xiǎnxiàn)
* 體現 / 体现 (tǐxiàn)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)
* present
* existing

#### Readings

* Go-on: げん (gen, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: けん (ken)
* Kun: あらわす (arawasu, 現す, Jōyō)、あらわれる (arawareru, 現れる, Jōyō)、うつつ (utsutsu, 現つ)

#### Compounds

* 現(げん)金(きん) (genkin): cash
* 現(げん)在(ざい) (genzai): the present, now
* 現(げん)在(ざい)地(ち) (genzaichi): you are here
* 現(げん)実(じつ) (genjitsu): reality
* 現(げん)代(だい) (gendai): the present day, modern times
* 現(ゲン)の証拠(ショウコ) (gennoshōko)

### Pronunciation

* Kanji in this term
* 現
* うつ(つ) Grade: 5
* kun'yomi
* (Tokyo) うつつ [ùtsútsú] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) うつつ [ùtsútsúꜜ] (Odaka – [3])
* IPA: [ɯ̟t͡sɨ̥t͡sɨ]

### Noun

現(うつつ) • (utsutsu)
* reality or consciousness, as opposed to a dream state or unconsciousness
    夢(ゆめ)と現(うつつ)の間(あいだ)
       yume to utsutsu no aida
       in between dreams and reality
** 2003 January 27, Mashiba, Shin, “第(だい)八(はち)夜(や)　合(アワセ)鏡(カガミ)（後(コウ)編(ヘン)) [Night 8: Mirror within Mirror (Last Chapter)]”, in [夢](ゆめ)[喰](くい)[見](けん)[聞](ぶん) [The Dream-Eating Inspector], volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Square Enix, page 7:
    さあ　眠(ねむ)れしばし現(うつつ)にお別(わか)れだ
       Sā nemure shibashi utsutsu ni owakare da
       Well then, say goodbye to reality for the time being, and go to sleep

#### Derived terms

* 現(うつつ)を抜(ぬ)かす (utsutsu o nukasu)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 現 (MC henH).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 見/ᅘᅧᆫ〮 (Yale: hhyén) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Early Modern Korean 見/현 (Yale: hyen) in Samun Seonghwi (三韻聲彙 / 삼운성휘), 1751.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [çɘ(ː)n]
* Phonetic hangul: [현(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Hanja

Wikisource 現 (eumhun 나타날 현 (natanal hyeon))
* hanja form of 현 (“appear”)
* hanja form of 현 (“current; present; existing”)

#### Compounds

* 구현 (具現, guhyeon, “realization”)
* 출현 (出現, chulhyeon, “appear”)
* 표현 (表現, pyohyeon, “description”)
* 현금 (現金, hyeon'geum, “cash”)
* 현대 (現代, hyeondae, “modern; Hyundai”)
* 현상 (現像, hyeonsang, “phenomenon”)
* 현실 (現實, hyeonsil, “reality”)
* 현재 (現在, hyeonjae, “present”)
* 현존 (現存, hyeonjon, “existing”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

現: Hán Nôm readings: hiện, hẹn, kén
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.