# 幻

| 幻 | U+5E7B, &#24187; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E7B |
| ← 幺 [U+5E7A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 幼 → [U+5E7C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

幻 (Kangxi radical 52, 幺+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 女戈尸 (VIS) or 難女戈尸 (XVIS), four-corner 2772$_0$, composition ⿰幺𠃌)

#### Derived characters

* 𠯻, 㘭, 𡵿, 𱞇, 抝, 𬇚, 𥄠, 𩉷, 𬱶, 𬨳, 䒛, 𥥆, 𬏠, 𢇉

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 341, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9190
* Dae Jaweon: page 650, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1093, character 3
* Unihan data for U+5E7B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 幻
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
Three interpretations, all of which are ideogram (指事) :
* Variant of 玄 with an elongated stroke to distinguish (Ji Xusheng).
* Abbreviation of 縣 (He Linyi).
* Inversion of 予 (Shuowen Jiezi).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): huàn (huan$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): huan$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): waan$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): van$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fon$^5$ / fan$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fan
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fan$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): huan$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): huīng
* Eastern Min (BUC): huâng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang$^4$ / huong$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hoān / hoàn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huang$^3$ / huêng$^3$ / huam$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$ue
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): honn$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huàn
*** Wade–Giles: huan$^4$
*** Yale: hwàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huann
*** Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯än⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: huan$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xuan
*** Sinological IPA : /xuan²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: waan$^6$
*** Yale: waahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: waan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wan$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /waːn²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: van$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /van²¹/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fon$^5$ / fan$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɵn¹¹/, /fan¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fan
*** Hakka Romanization System: fan
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fan⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fan⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: huan$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuæ̃⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huīng
*** Sinological IPA : /xuiŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: huâng
*** Sinological IPA : /huɑŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huang$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
*** Tâi-lô: huān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /huan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /huan²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
*** Tâi-lô: huàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /huan²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: huang$^3$ / huêng$^3$ / huam$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huàng / huèng / huàm
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ²¹³/, /hueŋ²¹³/, /huam²¹³/
* huang3 - Shantou;
* huêng3 - Chaozhou;
* huam3 - Jieyang, Raoping, Huilai, Pontianak.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit幻 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /xuan⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /xuan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /xuan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /xuã²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /xuã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /xuan³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /xuã⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /xuã²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /xuan¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /xuɛ̃n¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /xuan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /xuan³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /xuan¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /xuan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /xuã̠²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /xuaŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /xʊ̃⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /xuæ̃⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xuɑŋ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /xuæ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ue³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ue̞⁵¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦuõ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /v̠a³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /xuɛ²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /xuːə⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /xõ⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /hɔn⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /fɵn²¹/ /fan²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /fan⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wan²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /wan²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /wan²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /huan²²/ /huan²¹/ 俗 |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /huɑŋ²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xuiŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /huaŋ²¹³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /huaŋ³⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: hweanH
Rime :
| Character | 幻 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 山 (74) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 胡辨切 |
| Baxter | hweanH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠuɛn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷᵚæn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuæn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwəɨn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuɛn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣwæn$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣwăn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | waan$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷreːns/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 幻 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5352 |
| Phonetic component | 幻 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 幻 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷreːns/ |

### Definitions

幻
* mystical; mysterious
* illusion; fantasy; mirage

### Compounds

* 夢幻 / 梦幻 (mènghuàn)
* 夢幻劇 / 梦幻剧
* 夢幻泡影 / 梦幻泡影
* 太虛幻境 / 太虚幻境
* 奇幻 (qíhuàn)
* 奇幻迷離 / 奇幻迷离
* 如夢似幻 / 如梦似幻
* 如幻似真
* 幻世
* 幻人
* 幻光
* 幻化 (huànhuà)
* 幻塵 / 幻尘
* 幻境 (huànjìng)
* 幻夢 / 幻梦 (huànmèng)
* 幻夢成空 / 幻梦成空
* 幻影 (huànyǐng)
* 幻想 (huànxiǎng)
* 幻想力
* 幻想曲 (huànxiǎngqǔ)
* 幻想派
* 幻日 (huànrì)
* 幻景 (huànjǐng)
* 幻民
* 幻法 (huànfǎ)
* 幻泡
* 幻滅 / 幻灭 (huànmiè)
* 幻燈 / 幻灯 (huàndēng)
* 幻燈機 / 幻灯机 (huàndēngjī)
* 幻燈片 / 幻灯片
* 幻相
* 幻視 / 幻视 (huànshì)
* 幻術 / 幻术 (huànshù)
* 幻覺 / 幻觉 (huànjué)
* 幻象 (huànxiàng)
* 泡幻
* 科幻 (kēhuàn)
* 科幻小說 / 科幻小说
* 科幻電影 / 科幻电影
* 空幻 (kōnghuàn)
* 虛幻 / 虚幻 (xūhuàn)
* 譸張為幻 / 诪张为幻
* 變幻 / 变幻 (biànhuàn)
* 變幻不測 / 变幻不测
* 變幻無常 / 变幻无常
* 變幻莫測 / 变幻莫测 (biànhuànmòcè)
* 迷幻藥 / 迷幻药 (míhuànyào)
* 風雲變幻 / 风云变幻 (fēngyúnbiànhuàn)
* 魔幻 (móhuàn)

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “幻”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* fantasy, phantom

#### Readings

* Go-on: げん (gen, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: かん (kan)
* Kun: まぼろし (maboroshi, 幻, Jōyō)

#### Compounds

* 幻影(げんえい) (gen'ei)
* 幻灯(げんとう) (gentō)
* 幻覚(げんかく) (genkaku)
* 幻術(げんじゅつ) (genjutsu)
* 幻滅(げんめつ) (genmetsu)
* 幻想(げんそう) (gensō)
* 幻日(げんじつ) (genjitsu)
* 幻月(げんげつ) (gengetsu)
* 魔幻(まげん) (magen)
* 夢幻(むげん) (mugen)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 幻
* まぼろし Grade: S
* kun'yomi
Probably from Old Japanese. Used in The Tale of Genji, completed in 1021.
The initial ma is almost certainly 目 (ma, modern me, “eye”). The boroshi portion is of uncertain derivation, possibly related to modern colloquial adjective ぼろい (boroi, “rough, ragged, worn-out”), or verb ばらす (barasu, “to mess something up”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) まぼろし [màbóróshí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ma̠bo̞ɾo̞ɕi]

### Noun

幻(まぼろし) • (maboroshi)
* an illusion, a phantom, a dream, a vision

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

幻 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

幻: Hán Nôm readings: huyễn, hoẻn, ảo
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Usage notes

* Ảo appears to be a misreading due to confusion with the character 抝 or 拗 (ảo).