# lux
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lʌks/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
Homophone: lucks
* Rhymes: -ʌks

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin lūx (“light”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“white; light; bright”). Cognates include Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós, “white, blank, light, bright, clear”), Ancient Greek λύκη (lúkē, “light, morning twilight”), Sanskrit रोचते (rocate), Middle Persian 𐭩𐭥𐭬 (rōz, “day”) and Old English lēoht (noun) (English light).

#### Noun

lux (plural lux or luxes)
* In the International System of Units, the derived unit of illuminance or illumination; one lumen per square metre. Symbol: lx

##### Related terms

* fiat lux

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

Compare French luxer. See luxate.

#### Verb

lux (third-person singular simple present luxes, present participle luxing, simple past and past participle luxed)
* (obsolete, transitive) To dislocate; to luxate.
** 1726, Homer, translated by Alexander Pope, The Odyssey:and as I reel'd I fell, / Lux'd the neck-joint—my soul descends to hell.
** 1835, Alfred Velpeau, Granville Sharp Pattison, New Elements of Operative Surgery:the bones are simply luxed without being broken

#### See also

* luxed up

### References

* “lux”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* ULX, XUL

## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin lux.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈluks]

### Noun

lux m inan
* lux (unit of illuminance or illumination)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “lux”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “lux”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “lux”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *louks, from Proto-Indo-European *léwks. Cognates include Ancient Greek λευκός (leukós, “white, blank, light, bright, clear”), Ancient Greek λύκη (lúkē, “light, morning twilight”), Sanskrit रोचते (rocate) and Old English lēoht (English light (noun)).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /luːks/, [ɫ̪uːks̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /luks/, [luks]

### Noun

lūx f (genitive lūcis); third declension
* light (of the sun, stars etc.)
    Synonym: lūmen
** 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Genesis.1.3:dīxitque Deus fīat lūx et facta est lūxAnd God said: Let there be light. And there was light.
* daylight, day, moonlight
    Synonym: aurōra
    prīmā lūce ― at daybreak
    ad lūcem ― at dawn
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.113–116:huic aliquis iuvenum dīxisset amantia verba, reddēbat tālēs prōtinus illa sonōs: ‘haec loca lūcis habent nimis et cum lūce pudōris; sī sēcrēta magis dūcis in antra, sequor.’If ever some young man spoke to this [nymph] the words of love, immediately she replied with statements such as: “These places have too much of daylight and, with the light, [too much] of shame; if you lead to more secluded caves, I [will] follow [you].” (A clever ruse used by Cardea; along the journey to the cave, she would then hide from her unsuspecting suitor.)
* life
    Synonym: vīta
* (figuratively) public view
* glory, encouragement
* enlightenment, explanation
* splendour
* eyesight, the eyes, luminary

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.
* A locative singular lūcī is attested by Plautus, meaning "by daylight".

#### Derived terms

* ēlūcus
* lūce (“in the daytime”)
* lūce carentēs (“the dead”)
* lūcidus
* lūcifer
* lūcīnus, Lūcīna
* lūculentus
* prīmā lūce (“at daybreak”)

#### Related terms

* luceo, lucere
* lūmen

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Romanian: luce
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Dalmatian: loic
** Italian: luce
** Neapolitan: luce
** Sicilian: luci
** Venetan: łuxe
* Padanian:
** Ligurian: luxe, lûxe
** Lombard: lus, lüs
** Piedmontese: luce, lus
** Romagnol: luš, luș
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: lûs
** Romansch: glisch, glüsch, gleisch
* Gallo-Romance:
** Old Occitan:
*** Old Catalan: luts
*** Occitan: lutz
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: luz
** Asturian: lluz
** Extremaduran: lus
** Mirandese: luç
** Old Galician-Portuguese: luz
*** Galician: luz
*** Portuguese: luz
** Spanish: luz
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: luche, lughe, luxi
* Borrowings (unit of illuminance):
** → Catalan: lux
** → Czech: lux
** → English: lux
** → Finnish: luksi
** → French: lux
** → Greek: λουξ (loux)
** → Italian: lux
** → Polish: luks
** → Portuguese: lux
** → Spanish: lux
** → Swedish: lux

### References

* “lux”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “lux”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* lux in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* lux in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. before daybreak: ante lucem the day is already far advanced: multus dies or multa lux est to see the light, come into the world: in lucem edi those to whom we owe our being: ei, propter quos hanc lucem aspeximus to sleep on into the morning: in lucem dormire to shun publicity: publico carere, forum ac lucem fugere (ambiguous) at daybreak: prima luce (ambiguous) in full daylight: luce (luci) (ambiguous) to enjoy the privilege of living; to be alive: vita or hac luce frui (ambiguous) to shun publicity: forensi luce carere (ambiguous) this is as clear as daylight: hoc est luce (sole ipso) clarius
* Online Latin dictionary, Olivetti

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin lux. Doublet of the inherited luz.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈluks/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈluks/
* Hyphenation: lux

### Noun

lux m (plural lux or luxes)
* lux (the derived unit of illuminance)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French lux.

### Noun

lux m (plural lucși)
* lux

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin lux. Doublet of the inherited luz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈluɡs/ [ˈluɣ̞s]
* Rhymes: -uɡs
* Syllabification: lux

### Noun

lux m (plural lux)
* lux

### Further reading

* “lux”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin lux.

### Noun

lux c
* lux (singular and plural)