# τυφλός
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Adjectival formation in -λός (-lós) from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“deep, hazy, foggy”). Cognates include Old Irish dub (“dark”), Old English deaf (English deaf), Albanian dudum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ty.pʰlós/ → /tyˈɸlos/ → /tiˈflos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ty.pʰlós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /tyˈpʰlos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /tyˈɸlos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /tyˈflos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /tiˈflos/

### Adjective

τῠφλός • (tŭphlós) m (feminine τῠφλή, neuter τῠφλόν); first/second declension
* blind
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.139
** 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Apollo 172
** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 454
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 720
** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Theocritus, Collected Works 10.19
** 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 697
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Symposium 4.12
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 3.3.45
** 519 BCE – 422 BCE, Cratinus, The Archilochuses 3
** of the limbs of the blind
*** 424 BCE, Euripides, Hecuba 1050
*** 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 834
*** 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 1699
*** 413 BCE, Euripides, Ion 744
*** 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 199
** (figuratively) of the other senses and the mind
*** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 7.34
*** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 371
*** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 389
** (figuratively)
*** 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Fragments 773
*** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.2B
*** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 98A
*** Palatine Anthology 9.289
* (of things) blind, dark, unseen, dim, obscure
** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 250
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 1104
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 685
** Palatine Anthology 7.275
** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 506C
** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Alexander the Great 18
** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Alexander the Great 2.983D
** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Alexander the Great 587C
** (of passages or apertures) blind, closed, with no outlet
*** 350 BCE, Aristotle, Parts of Animals 3.14
*** 350 BCE, Aristotle, Parts of Animals 3.20, (Compare 3.26)
*** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Sulla 20, (Compare Julius Caesar 58)
*** 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 1.8.4
*** 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On the Causes of Plants 3.3.8
*** Palatine Anthology 7.400
*** Palatine Anthology 12.156
*** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Aemilius Paulus 19
* (adverbial) blindly
** 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 479H
** Antipater quoted in 300 CE – 500 CE, Stobaeus, Anthology 418
** 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 9.5.21

#### Derived terms

* τυφλός (tyflós)
* τύφλα (týfla)
* τύφλωση (týflosi)
* τυφλότητα (tyflótita)
* τυφλός (tyflós)
* τυφλοπόντικας (tyflopóntikas)
* nyctotyphlosis (obsolete, rare)
* typhl-
* typhlitis
* typhlocolitis
* typhlograph
* Typhlocoela
* Typhlonectes
* Typhlopidae
* Typhlopoidea
* Typhlops

#### Descendants

* Greek: τυφλός (tyflós)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τυφλός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1521

### Further reading

* “τυφλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “τυφλός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “τυφλός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* τυφλός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* τυφλός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “τυφλός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G5185 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. blind idem, page 83.sightless idem, page 774.undiscerning idem, page 914.

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek τῠφλός (tŭphlós).

### Adjective

τυφλός • (tyflós) m (feminine τυφλή, neuter τυφλό)
* blind

#### Declension

Derivations: Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο τυφλός, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο τυφλός, etc.)
comparative (?)
singular
plural
masculine
feminine
neuter
masculine
feminine
neuter
nominative
τυφλότερος (tyflóteros)
τυφλότερη (tyflóteri)
τυφλότερο (tyflótero)
τυφλότεροι (tyflóteroi)
τυφλότερες (tyflóteres)
τυφλότερα (tyflótera)
genitive
τυφλότερου (tyflóterou)
τυφλότερης (tyflóteris)
τυφλότερου (tyflóterou)
τυφλότερων (tyflóteron)
τυφλότερων (tyflóteron)
τυφλότερων (tyflóteron)
accusative
τυφλότερο (tyflótero)
τυφλότερη (tyflóteri)
τυφλότερο (tyflótero)
τυφλότερους (tyflóterous)
τυφλότερες (tyflóteres)
τυφλότερα (tyflótera)
vocative
τυφλότερε (tyflótere)
τυφλότερη (tyflóteri)
τυφλότερο (tyflótero)
τυφλότεροι (tyflóteroi)
τυφλότερες (tyflóteres)
τυφλότερα (tyflótera)
Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο τυφλότερος", etc) :

#### Related terms

* see: τύφλα f (týfla, “blindness”)

#### Related terms

* στα τυφλά (sta tyflá, “blindly, blindsided, flying blind, sight unseen”, adverb)