# κύκλος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Hellenic *kúklos, *kʷókʷlos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“circle, wheel”). Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀐𐀩𐀄 (ku-ke-re-u).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ký.klos/ → /ˈcy.klos/ → /ˈci.klos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ký.klos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈky.klos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈcy.klos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈcy.klos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈci.klos/

### Noun

κῠ́κλος • (kŭ́klos) m (genitive κῠ́κλου); second declension
* circle, ring
* Any circular object, such as a wheel
* A crowd of people
* marketplace
* circular movement
* sphere, globe

#### Declension

There also exists an irregular plural

#### Derived terms

* ἡμικύκλιος (hēmikúklios)
* παράκυκλος (parákuklos)
* τετρᾰ́κῠκλος (tetrắkŭklos)
* ὑπόκυκλος (hupókuklos)

#### Descendants

* Greek: κύκλος (kýklos)
* → Latin: cyclus (see there for further descendants)
* ⇒ English: Ku Klux

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κύκλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 798-9

### Further reading

* “κύκλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “κύκλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “κύκλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* κύκλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* κύκλος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “κύκλος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G2945 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. arch idem, page 38.area idem, page 39.ball idem, page 60.bow idem, page 91.buckler idem, page 102.circle idem, page 132.circuit idem, page 132.circumference idem, page 132.compass idem, page 150.cycle idem, page 193.disc idem, page 228.disk idem, page 234.expanse idem, page 292.eye idem, page 299.globe idem, page 362.hoop idem, page 405.orb idem, page 578.period idem, page 607.precincts idem, page 634.radius idem, page 668.revolution idem, page 711.ring idem, page 716.round idem, page 722.shield idem, page 765.span idem, page 797.sphere idem, page 801.stretch idem, page 825.tract idem, page 885.vault idem, page 945.

## Greek
### Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek κύκλος (kúklos).

### Noun

κύκλος • (kýklos) m (plural κύκλοι)
* (geometry) circle
* period, cycle
* series, cycle
* clique, coterie, circle, set (of people)
* (sports) circuit, course, track
* (education) course
* (business) turnover

#### Coordinate terms

* see: δακτύλιος m (daktýlios, “circle, ring”) for a list of other "rings" and "circles"

#### Derived terms

* γιγάκυκλος (gigákyklos, “gigacycle”)
* ημικύκλιο n (imikýklio, “semicircle”)
* φαύλος κύκλος m (fávlos kýklos, “vicious circle”)