# infernal
## English
### Alternative forms

* infernall (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle French infernal, from Medieval Latin infernalis, from Latin īnfernus, from īnferum (“netherworld, underworld, hell”), equivalent to inferno +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ɪnˈfɜː(ɹ)nəl/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US) IPA: /ɪnˈfɝnəl/
* Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)nəl

### Adjective

infernal (comparative more infernal, superlative most infernal)
* Of or relating to hell, or the world of the dead; hellish.
* (by extension) Of or relating to a fire or inferno.
* Stygian, gloomy.
* Diabolical or fiendish.
** 1674, John Milton, Paradise Lost, Book I, lines 34–36:Th' infernal Serpent; he it was, whose guile Stird up with Envy and Revenge, deceiv'd The Mother of Mankind
** 1711 December 19 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “SATURDAY, December 8, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 244; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume III, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:the instruments or abettors in such infernal dealingsThe spelling has been modernized.
* (as an expletive) Very annoying; damned.
** 1905, Bram Stoker, The Man:As I had to put up with the patronage and the lecturings, and the eyeglass of that infernal old woman, […]
** 1982, Sharon Green, The Warrior Within, page 10:When are you ever going to learn to mind your own infernal business?

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “of or relating to hell”): heavenly
* (antonym(s) of “of or relating to hell, underworld or fire”): celestial

#### Derived terms

* infernal device
* infernally
* infernal machine
* infernal stone

#### Related terms

* inferno

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Noun

infernal (plural infernals)
* An inhabitant of the infernal regions, a demon.

### References

“infernal”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin īnfernālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛ̃.fɛʁ.nal/

### Adjective

infernal (feminine infernale, masculine plural infernaux, feminine plural infernales)
* (relational) hell; infernal
* (figuratively) infernal, hellish, awful, terrible

#### Related terms

* enfer

### Further reading

* “infernal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin infernālis.

### Adjective

infernal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular infernale)
* infernal (relating to hell)

#### Descendants

* English: infernal
* French: infernal
* Norman: înfèrna

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ĩ.feʁˈnaw/ [ĩ.feɦˈnaʊ̯]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ĩ.feʁˈnaw/ [ĩ.feɦˈnaʊ̯]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ĩ.feɾˈnaw/ [ĩ.feɾˈnaʊ̯]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ĩ.feʁˈnaw/ [ĩ.feʁˈnaʊ̯]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ĩ.feɻˈnaw/ [ĩ.feɻˈnaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ĩ.fɨɾˈnal/ [ĩ.fɨɾˈnaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ĩ.fɨɾˈnal/ [ĩ.fɨɾˈnaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ĩ.fɨɾˈna.li/
* Rhymes: -al, -aw
* Hyphenation: in‧fer‧nal

### Adjective

infernal m or f (plural infernais)
* (Christianity) hellish; infernal (from or relating to hell)
* diabolical; evil; infernal
    Synonyms: mau, diabólico, maldoso

#### Derived terms

* infernalmente

#### Related terms

* inferno

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French infernal, from Latin infernalis. By surface analysis, infern +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

infernal m or n (feminine singular infernală, masculine plural infernali, feminine and neuter plural infernale)
* infernal

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin īnfernālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /infeɾˈnal/ [ĩɱ.feɾˈnal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: in‧fer‧nal

### Adjective

infernal m or f (masculine and feminine plural infernales)
* (relational) hell; infernal (of or relating to hell)
* infernal, hellish (diabolical, fiendish)
* infernal, hellish, hellacious, hell of (very annoying, damned)

#### Related terms

* infierno

### Further reading

* “infernal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10