# 範

| 範 | U+7BC4, &#31684; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BC4 |
| ← 篃 [U+7BC3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 篅 → [U+7BC5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

範 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹十十山 (HJJU), four-corner 8851$_2$, composition ⿱𥫗𨊠)

#### Derived characters

* 𭬣, 𭐃

#### Related characters

* 范 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 892, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26253
* Dae Jaweon: page 1319, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2989, character 9
* Unihan data for U+7BC4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 氾 | *pʰoms, *bom |
| 犯 | *bomʔ |
| 範 | *bomʔ |
| 范 | *bomʔ |
| 笵 | *bomʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *bomʔ) : semantic 車 (“carriage”) + abbreviated phonetic 笵 (OC *bomʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): fàn (fan$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fan$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): faan$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fan$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fan$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fam
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fam$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): fan$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): huāng
* Eastern Min (BUC): huâng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bang$^5$ / hang$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pān / hoǎn / hoān
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huang$^6$ / huam$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$ve
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^4$
*** Yale: fàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
*** Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: fan$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fan
*** Sinological IPA : /fan²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^6$
*** Yale: faahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: fan$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fan³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fan$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fan¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fam
*** Hakka Romanization System: fam
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fam⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fam⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: fan$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /fæ̃⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huāng
*** Sinological IPA : /xuaŋ⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: huâng
*** Sinological IPA : /huɑŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bang$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /paŋ²¹/
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hang$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /haŋ²¹/
* bang5 - vernacular;
* hang5 - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit範 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /fan⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /fan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /fan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /fã²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /fã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /fan⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /fã⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /fã²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /fan¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /fɛ̃n¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /fan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /fan³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /fan¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /fan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /fã̠²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /faŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /fæ̃⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /fæ̃⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /xuɑŋ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /fæ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ve²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ve̞³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /vẽ̞¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /va³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /fɛ²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /fuːə²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /fan⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ɸan⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /fan²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /fam⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /fɑm⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /fan²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /fan²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /fan²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /huan²²/ /pan²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /huɑŋ²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xuaŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /huaŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /faŋ³³/ 模～ /faŋ³⁵/ 師～ |
* Middle Chinese: bjomX
Rime :
| Character | 範 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 凡 (146) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 防錽切 |
| Baxter | bjomX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨɐm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /biɐm$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biɐm$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buam$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /biɐm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭwɐm$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯wɐm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | faan$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b](r)omʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*bomʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 範 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bjom$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b](r)omʔ/ |
| English | casting mold |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 範 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2981 |
| Phonetic component | 氾 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 范 |
| Old Chinese | /*bomʔ/ |

### Definitions

範
* (literary) mould
* pattern; model
    示範／示范 ― shìfàn ― to demonstrate
    典範／典范 ― diǎnfàn ― to set an example; model
    範文／范文 ― fànwén ― model essay
* boundary; rule; law
    範疇／范畴 ― fànchóu ― scope
    《家範》／《家范》 ― “Jiā fàn” ― Family Precepts (by Sima Guang, a famous chancellor of the Song Dynasty)
* to restrict; to restrain
    防範／防范 ― fángfàn ― to take precautions
* Misspelling of 范 (fàn, surname).

### Compounds

* 久違顏範 / 久违颜范
* 儀範 / 仪范
* 典範 / 典范 (diǎnfàn)
* 典範長存 / 典范长存
* 團體規範 / 团体规范
* 坤範 / 坤范
* 壼範 / 壸范
* 大家風範 / 大家风范
* 容範 / 容范
* 就範 / 就范 (jiùfàn)
* 師範 / 师范 (shīfàn)
* 師範大學 / 师范大学 (shīfàn dàxué)
* 師範學校 / 师范学校 (shīfàn xuéxiào)
* 師範教育 / 师范教育
* 師範生 / 师范生
* 弘範 / 弘范
* 懿範 / 懿范
* 懿範長昭 / 懿范长昭
* 明範 / 明范
* 林下風範 / 林下风范
* 格範 / 格范
* 樣範 / 样范
* 模範 / 模范 (mófàn)
* 模範區 / 模范区
* 模範村 / 模范村
* 模範生 / 模范生
* 母範 / 母范 (mǔfàn)
* 沒樣範 / 没样范
* 洪範 / 洪范
* 淑範 / 淑范
* 盛德遺範 / 盛德遗范
* 示範 / 示范 (shìfàn)
* 示範戶 / 示范户
* 示範社區 / 示范社区
* 社會規範 / 社会规范 (shèhuì guīfàn)
* 科範 / 科范
* 立範 / 立范
* 範例 / 范例 (fànlì)
* 範勢 / 范势 (pān-sè) (Min Nan)
* 範圍 / 范围 (fànwéi)
* 範家 / 范家 (Fànjiā)
* 範文 / 范文 (fànwén)
* 範本 / 范本 (fànběn)
* 範疇 / 范畴 (fànchóu)
* 簡易師範 / 简易师范
* 西朱範 / 西朱范 (Xīzhūfàn)
* 規範 / 规范 (guīfàn)
* 規範學 / 规范学
* 貽範古今 / 贻范古今
* 軌範 / 轨范 (guǐfàn)
* 道範長昭 / 道范长昭
* 閨範 / 闺范 (guīfàn)
* 閫範 / 阃范
* 防範 / 防范 (fángfàn)
* 防範得宜 / 防范得宜
* 防範未然 / 防范未然
* 雅範 / 雅范
* 霽範永存 / 霁范永存
* 顏範 / 颜范
* 風範 / 风范 (fēngfàn)
* 鴻範 / 鸿范

### References

* “範”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* An example

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぼん (bon)
* Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
* Kun: かた (kata, 範)、のり (nori, 範)、のっとり (nottori)、わく (waku, 範)
* Nanori: すすむ (susumu)、のり (nori)

#### Alternative forms

* 笵

#### Compounds

* 範(はん)囲(い) (han'i)
* 範(はん)士(し) (hanshi)
* 範(はん)式(しき) (hanshiki)
* 範(はん)唱(しょう) (hanshō)
* 範(はん)疇(ちゅう) (hanchū)
* 範(はん)読(どく) (handoku)
* 範(はん)例(れい) (hanrei)
* 家(か)範(はん) (kahan)
* 規(き)範(はん) (kihan)
* 軌(き)範(はん) (kihan)
* 儀(ぎ)範(はん) (gihan)
* 教(きょう)範(はん) (kyōhan)
* 閨(けい)範(はん) (keihan)
* 広(こう)範(はん) (kōhan) (広(こう)汎(はん))
* 洪(こう)範(はん) (kōhan)
* 鴻(こう)範(はん) (kōhan)
* 壼(こん)範(ぱん) (konpan)
* 師(し)範(はん) (shihan)
* 柔(じゅう)範(はん) (jūhan)
* 垂(すい)範(はん) (suihan)
* 聖(せい)範(はん) (seihan)
* 典(てん)範(ぱん) (tenpan)
* 母(ぼ)範(はん) (bohan)
* 模(も)範(はん) (mohan)
* 容(よう)範(はん) (yōhan)
* 鎔(よう)範(はん) (yōhan)

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pʌ̹m]
* Phonetic hangul: [범]

### Hanja

Wikisource 範 (eumhun 법 범 (beop beom))
* hanja form of 범 (“pattern, model, rule, law”)

#### Compounds

* 모범 (模範, mobeom)
* 사범 (師範, sabeom)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

範: Hán Nôm readings: phạm
* (only in compounds) pattern; model
* (only in compounds) boundary; rule
* (only in compounds) law