# dinen
## Catalan
### Verb

dinen
* third-person plural present indicative of dinar

## Middle Dutch
### Determiner

dinen
* inflection of dijn:
** masculine accusative/dative singular
** neuter dative singular
** dative plural

## Middle English
### Verb

dinen
* Alternative form of dynen

## North Frisian
### Pronoun

dinen
* (Föhr-Amrum) plural of dan (“yours, thine”)
* (Sylt) plural of din (“yours, thine”)

### See also

| | | personal | personal | personal | personal | possessive | possessive | possessive | possessive |
| | | subject case | subject case | object case | object case | masculine referent | feminine / neuter referent | plural referent | plural referent |
| | | full | reduced | full | reduced | masculine referent | feminine / neuter referent | attributive | independent |
| singular | 1st | ik | 'k | mi | mi | man | min | min | minen |
| singular | 2nd | dü | – | di | di | dan | din | din | dinen |
| singular | 3rd m. | hi | 'r | ham | 'n | san | sin | sin | sinen |
| singular | 3rd f. / n. | hat | at, 't | ham | at, 't | san | sin | sin | sinen |
| plural | 1st | wi | 'f | üs | üs | üüs | üüs | üüs | üüsen |
| üsens ||||
| plural | 2nd | jam | 'm | jam | jam | jau | jau | jau | jauen |
| jamens ||||
| plural | 3rd | jo | 's | jo | 's | hör | hör | hör | hören |
| hörens ||||
| notes | notes | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation. |
| | | personal | personal | personal | personal | possessive | possessive | possessive |
| | | subject case | subject case | object case | object case | singular referent | plural referent | plural referent |
| | | full | reduced | full | reduced | singular referent | attributive | independent |
| singular | 1st | ik | 'k | mi | mi | min | min | minen |
| singular | 2nd | dü | – | di | di | din | din | dinen |
| singular | 3rd m. | hi | 'r | höm | 'n | sin | sin | sinen |
| singular | 3rd f. | jü | 's | höör | 's | höör | höör | höören |
| singular | 3rd n. | hat | et, 't | höm | et, 't | sin | sin | sinen |
| dual | 1st | wat | wat | unk | unk | unk | unk | unken |
| dual | 2nd | at | at | junk | junk | junk | junk | junken |
| dual | 3rd | jat | jat | jam | 's | jaar | jaar | jaaren |
| plural | 1st | wü | wü | üüs | üüs | üüs | üüs | üüsen |
| plural | 2nd | i | i | juu | juu | juu | juu | juuen |
| plural | 3rd | ja | 's | jam | 's | jaar | jaar | jaaren |
| notes | notes | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. | The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts. Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur. The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects. Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents. |

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish دیناً (dinen), from Arabic دِينًا (dīnan) adverbial accusative of دِين (dīn, “religion”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdiːnen/
* Hyphenation: di‧nen

### Adverb

dinen
* According to religion.
    Synonym: dince

#### Related terms

* dindar
* dinî
* diyanet
* mütedeyyin

### References

* ↑ Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901) “دیناً”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 645
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “din”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “dinen”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “dinen”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1229