OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# plebiscite
## English
### Etymology

Sense 1 (“referendum”) is borrowed from French plébiscite, from Latin plēbiscītum, plēbis scītum, plēbī scītum (“law of the common people or plebs”), from plēbis (the genitive singular of plēbs (“common people, plebeians”)) + scītum (“decree, ordinance, statute”).
Sense 3 (“law enacted by the common people”) is a learned borrowing from Latin plēbiscītum: see above. It is attested earlier than English plebiscitum.
* Italian plebiscito
* Middle French plebiscite (modern French plébiscite)
* Middle Low German plebiscīt (“ordinance”)
* Spanish plebiscito, plebisçito (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈplɛbɪsaɪt/, /-sɪt/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈplɛbəˌsaɪt/
* Hyphenation: ple‧bi‧scite

### Noun

plebiscite (plural plebiscites)
* (law, politics) A direct popular vote on an issue of public importance, such as an amendment to the constitution, a change in the sovereignty of the nation, or some government policy.
    Synonym: referendum
** 1909, George Willis Botsford, The Roman Assemblies from Their Origin to the End of the Republic:A political result, we may also say aim, of the frumentarian plebiscite of Gaius was to disattach the city populace from its conservative moorings and to enlist it in the service of reform.
** 1984 July 15, John Vinocur, “A SULLEN, DISILLUSIONED FRANCE MARKS BASTILLE DAY”, in The New York Times‎:Then something changed, and Mr. Mitterrand said he thought it would be a good idea if the Constitution allowed plebiscites, on the recommendation of the President, on issues involving personal freedoms.
* (by extension) An expression of the public's views on an issue, whether legally binding or not.
* (Ancient Rome, historical) Synonym of plebiscitum (“a law enacted by the common people, under the superintendence of a tribune or some subordinate plebeian magistrate, without the intervention of the senate”)

#### Derived terms

* plebiscitary
* plebiscitic (rare)

#### Translations
### References

* 1 2 “plebiscite, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2023; “plebiscite, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* 1 2 “plebiscitum, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022.

### Further reading

* referendum on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Spanish
### Verb

plebiscite
* inflection of plebiscitar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative
# Ofen
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈoːfən/, [ˈoːfən], [ˈoːfn̩]
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
   * Audio (Bavaria):(file)
* Hyphenation: Ofen
* Hyphenation: O‧fen (1996–2006)

### Etymology 1

From Middle High German oven, from Old High German ofan, from Proto-West Germanic *ofn.
See also Dutch oven, Low German Aven, German Low German Aven, Awen, Owen, West Frisian ûne, English oven, Danish ovn, Swedish ugn, Icelandic ofn, Gothic auhns; also Sanskrit उखा (ukhā), Albanian anë, Latin aulla, olla, Ancient Greek ἰπνός (ipnós).

#### Noun

Ofen m (strong, genitive Ofens, plural Öfen, diminutive Öfchen n or Öflein n)
* oven (clipping of Backofen.)
* stove
    Synonym: Herd
* furnace
    Synonyms: Hochofen, Feuerofen
* kiln (clipping of Brennofen.)

##### Hyponyms

* Backofen
* Bratofen (“broiler oven”)
* Brennofen
* Elektroofen
* Feuerofen
* Heizofen (“heating furnace stove, fireplace stove”)
* Hochofen
* Holzofen (“wood stove”)
* Kachelofen
* Kachelofen
* Kaminofen (“fireplace, fireplace stove”)
* Kanonenofen (“potbelly stove”)
* Schmelzofen
* Taschenofen

##### Derived terms

* Backofen
* heißer Ofen
* Ofenkartoffel
* Ofenrohr n

##### See also

* Herd

### Etymology 2

From Ofen (“furnace”), a literal translation of the Hungarian name of neighbouring Pest, by conflation, from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”).

#### Proper noun

Ofen n (proper noun, strong, genitive Ofens)
* (chiefly Austria) Buda, the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest.
    Synonym: Buda

### Further reading

* “Ofen” in Duden online
* “Ofen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# sendan
## Japanese
### Romanization

sendan
* Rōmaji transcription of せんだん

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* sændan

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *sandijan, from Proto-Germanic *sandijaną.
Cognate with Old Frisian senda, Old Saxon sendian, Dutch zenden, Old High German sendan (German senden), Old Norse senda (Swedish sända), Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (sandjan). The Indo-European root is also the source of Welsh hynt (“path”), Lithuanian siusti (“send”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsen.dɑn/

### Verb

sendan
* to send
** Ða sende se cyng to þam flotan Leofsig ealdorman.Then the king sent alderman Leofsig to the fleet.(Anglo-Saxon Chronicles)

#### Derived terms

* asendan
* besendan
* foresendan
* forsendan
* forþsendan
* ġeondsendan
* ġesendan
* insendan
* ofersendan
* onsendan

#### Related terms

* sand (“a sending; mission; message”)
* sīþ
* ġesīþ

#### Descendants

* Middle English: senden
** English: send
# frends
## Yola
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /frɛndz/

### Noun

frends
* plural of friend
** 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:Zo bless all oore frends, an God zpeed ee plowe.So bless all our friends, and God speed the plough.

### References

* Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 90
# գյուղ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* գեղ (geġ) — dialectal
* գՙեղ (gʻeġ) — Alashkert, Haçin, Mush, Suceava, dialectological notation
* գէղ (gēġ) — Agulis, Nor Nakhichevan, dialectological notation
* գՙէղ (gʻēġ) — Akhaltsikhe, Akn, Yerevan, Kharberd, Erzurum, Sivas, dialectological notation
* գՙեղ (gʻeġ), գՙէղ (gʻēġ, “the village Zeitun”) — Zeitun, dialectological notation
* գՙեղ (gʻeġ) — Aslanbeg, dialectological notation
* կէղ (kēġ) — Hamshen, dialectological notation
* գՙ$^յ$եղ (gʻ$^y$eġ) — Vozm, dialectological notation
* կ$^յ$եղ (k$^y$eġ) — Salmas, Van, dialectological notation
* կ$^յ$էղ (k$^y$ēġ) — Moks, Maragheh, dialectological notation
* քէղ (kʻēġ) — Burdur, Tekirdağ, dialectological notation
* գիղ (giġ) — Tbilisi, dialectological notation
* քիղ (kʻiġ) — Diyarbakır, dialectological notation

### Etymology

The literary form գյուղ (gyuġ) is a learned borrowing from Old Armenian գիւղ (giwł). The dialectal forms are inherited from Old Armenian.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɡjuʁ/, [ɡjuʁ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kʏʁ/, [kʰʏʁ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

գյուղ • (gyuġ) (traditional orthography spelling գիւղ)
* village
    Synonym: շեն (šen)
    գյուղ տեղ ― gyuġ teġ ― countryside, rural area
** ca. 1680–1684, Baṙ girg taliani [An Armenian–Italian Dictionary published in Venice] page 11:գեղ․ վիլլայgeġ; villayգեղ (geġ) = villa
* (figuratively) village (the inhabitants of a village)
    գյուղ կանգնի, գերան կկոտրի ― gyuġ kangni, geran kkotri ― together anything is possible
* (figuratively) village life

#### Derived terms

* գեղախռիվ (geġaxṙiv)
* գեղահավան (geġahavan)
* գեղամեջ (geġameǰ)
* գեղավրա (geġavra)
* գեղավրիչք (geġavričʻkʻ)
* գեղատեղ (geġateġ)
* գեղարդի (geġardi)
* գեղացի (geġacʻi)
* գեղցի (geġcʻi)
* գեղունաք (geġunakʻ)
* գյուղական (gyuġakan)
* գյուղատնտես (gyuġatntes)
* գյուղացի (gyuġacʻi)

### References

* ↑ Orengo, Alessandro (2019) “Il ԲԱՌ ԳԻՐԳ ՏԱԼԻԱՆԻ Un dizionario armeno-italiano del XVII secolo”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, page 218

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գիւղ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 563b
# ceàrr
## Scottish Gaelic
### Alternative forms

* cearr

### Etymology

From Old Irish cerr (“crooked, maimed”), from Proto-Celtic *kersos (“maimed”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kersos, from a stem *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
See also Lithuanian sker̃sas (“transverse, crooked”), Old Prussian kerscha, kērschan, kirsa, kirscha, kirschan (“over”), Proto-Slavic *čerzъ < *čersъ (Russian че́рез (čérez, “over, through; transverse, across, crosswise”), Bulgarian чрез (črez)), Ancient Greek ἐπικάρσιος (epikársios, “transverse, crosswise; lateral”).

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis) IPA: /kʲʰaːrˠ/
* (Uist) IPA: /kʲʰɛːrˠ/
* (Barra) IPA: [kʲʰæːrˠ]

### Adjective

ceàrr (comparative ceàrra or ciorra)
* wrong, incorrect, immoral, astray
* left

#### Synonyms

* (left): clì

#### Antonyms

* ceart
* (antonym(s) of “left”): deas

#### Derived terms

* bacan cearr
* bradan-cearr
* cearr'chiall
* cearr-dubhan
* cearr-làmhach
* cearr-loman
* cearr-mharcach
* gob-cearr
* pacach-cearr

### Adverb

ceàrr (comparative ceàrra or ciorra)
* wrong

#### Usage notes

* Used with the preposition air:
    Dè tha ceàrr orra? - What's wrong with them?

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “ceàrr”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

### Further reading

* MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “ceàrr”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN
# sceadu
## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *skadu.
Cognate with Old High German scato (German Schatten), Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌿𐍃 (skadus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Ancient Greek σκότος (skótos), Proto-Celtic *skāton (Irish scáth, Breton squeut).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʃɑ.du/

### Noun

sċeadu f
* shadow
* shade

#### Declension

Strong ō-stem:

#### Derived terms

* sċeaduġeard
* sċeadugenga
* sċeaduhelm
* sċeadwian
* scūrsċeadu

#### Descendants

* Middle English: schadwe, schadewe, schadowe, schade
** English: shadow, shade, shed
** Scots: scaddow, schaddow, shadow, shade, schad

### References

* ↑ Fulk, R. D. (2014) An Introductory Grammar of Old English, ACMRS Press, page 216
# crosses of Malta
## English
### Noun

crosses of Malta
* plural of cross of Malta
# þringan
## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *þringwan.
Cognate with Old Frisian thringa, Old Saxon thringan (Low German dringen), Dutch dringen, Old High German dringan (German dringen), Old Norse þryngva, Gothic 𐌸𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽 (þreihan).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈθrin.ɡɑn/, [ˈθriŋ.ɡɑn]

### Verb

þringan
* to press, constrict, push on or through

#### Derived terms

* ġeþringan
* beþringan
* ymbþringan

#### Descendants

* Middle English: thringen
** Scots: thring
** English: thring
# tîş
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

Compare Turkish düş (“dream”), Azerbaijani düş (“dream”).

### Noun

tîş
* dream

## Khalaj

| Perso-Arabic | Perso-Arabic | تیش |

### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *tīĺ (“tooth”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tiːʃ/
* (Ahmadabad, Bagh-e Yek, Bon Chinar, Borzabad, Chahak, Daghan, Darestan, Dermanak, Hasanabad, Hezarabad, Jerik Aghaj, Kacha-ye Chahardeh, Kardijan, Khaltabad, Khvorakabad, Mansurabad, Mazraeh-ye Now, Mehrzamin, Mohsenabad, Mujan, Musaabad, Mushakiyeh, Naderabad, Qarah Su, Qorqor, Sadabad, Safarabad, Sarahrud, Sarband, Sefid Ab, Sefidaleh, Seft, Seqer Juq, Shaneq, Shah Qoli, Sorkh Deh, Talkh Ab, Varnavaj, Varsan, Vasheqan, Yengijeh)IPA: [tiːʃ]
* (Esfid, Nowdeh, Talkh Ab)IPA: [tiˑʃ]
* (Feyzabad)IPA: [tiːʃʏm] (inflected form attested only)
* (Kharrab, Salafchegan)IPA: [tiːi̯ʃ]
* (Talkh Ab)IPA: [ti̹ːʃ]
* (Vasheqan)IPA: [tiːʃʏ̜m] (inflected form attested only)
* (Zizgan)IPA: [tiːi̯ʃiˑ] (inflected form attested only)

### Noun

tîş (definite accusative tîşü, plural tîşlər)
* tooth

#### Declension
### References

* Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1987) Lexik und Sprachgeographie des Chaladsch [Lexicon and Language Geography of Khalaj] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó

## Northern Kurdish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tiːʃ/

### Noun

tîş f (Arabic spelling تيش)
* crack, split, fissure
    Synonym: derz

### References

* Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “tîş”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 624
# forguldon
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /forˈɡul.don/, [forˈɡuɫ.don]

### Verb

forguldon
* plural preterite indicative of forġieldan
# Aiaia
## English
### Proper noun

Aiaia
* (Greek mythology) Archaic form of Aeaea.
# gwallt
## Welsh
### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *gwollt, from Proto-Celtic *woltos.
See also Cornish gols, Old Breton guolt, Irish folt, from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (compare English wold, Lithuanian váltis (“oat awn”), Serbo-Croatian vlȃt (“ear (of wheat)”), Ancient Greek λάσιος (lásios, “hairy”)).

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ɡwaːɬd/, [ɡwaːɬt]
* (South Wales) IPA: /ɡwaɬd/, [ɡwaɬt]
* Rhymes: -aɬd

### Noun

gwallt m (plural gwalltiau)
* hair (on head, collectively)

#### Derived terms

* gwallt to (“combover”)
* sychwr gwallt (“hairdryer”)

#### See also

* blew

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwallt”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# homosexualizations
## English
### Noun

homosexualizations
* plural of homosexualization
# čakan
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃakan]
* Hyphenation: čakan
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

čakan m inan
* A type of axe with elongated haft and engraved head associated with and traditionally worn by the Chod ethnic group.
* (archaic) gallows

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “čakan”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “čakan”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “čakan” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “čakan”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Old Slovak
### Etymology

Through Hungarian, ultimately from a Turkic language. First attested in 1473.

### Noun

čakan m inan
* pickaxe, pick
    Synonym: krompáč

#### Descendants

* Slovak: čakan

### Further reading

* Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “čakan”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC
* Gregor, Ferenc (2023) “čakan”, in A szlovák nyelv magyar elemei [Hungarian elements of the Slovak language] (in Hungarian), Budapest: Kairosz Kiadó, →ISBN, page 218
# kva
## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* kvat (Northern Hordaland)
* kot, ku (Setesdal dialect)
* ka (Southern Hordaland, bracket form between 1938 and 1959)
* kå (Hallingmål, Sognamål, Setesdal dialect, Gudbrandsdal, Meldal)
* kø (Hallingmål)
* ko (vald, Hallingmål)
* ka, kæ (Trøndelag dialect)
* ke (Trøndelag dialect, Eastern Norway)
* håt, hot, høt, høtt (Telemark dialect)
* hå, ha, hæ (east)

### Etymology

From Old Norse hvat, from Proto-Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷód, *kʷod. Akin to English what.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kvaː/, [kʰʋɐ̞ː]
* Homophone: kvad

### Pronoun

kva
* what (interrogative pronoun)
    Kva er det?What's that? / What is it?
* what (relative pronoun), which
    Synonym: kva for ein
    Kva is vil du ha?Which ice cream do you want?

### Conjunction

kva
* what (conjunction)
    Han veit kva han vil ha.He knows what he wants.

### Interjection

kva
* what

### References

* “kva” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀓𑁆𑀯 (Brahmi script)
* क्व (Devanagari script)
* ক্ৰ (Bengali script)
* ක්‍ව (Sinhalese script)
* ကွ or ၵွ (Burmese script)
* กฺว or กวะ (Thai script)
* ᨠ᩠ᩅ (Tai Tham script)
* ກ຺ວ or ກວະ (Lao script)
* ក្វ (Khmer script)
* 𑄇𑄳𑄤 (Chakma script)
* kuva (Latin script)
* 𑀓𑀼𑀯 (Brahmi script)
* कुव (Devanagari script)
* কুৰ (Bengali script)
* කුව (Sinhalese script)
* ကုဝ or ၵုဝ (Burmese script)
* กุว or กุวะ (Thai script)
* ᨠᩩᩅ (Tai Tham script)
* ກຸວ or ກຸວະ (Lao script)
* កុវ (Khmer script)
* 𑄇𑄪𑅇 (Chakma script)
* kuvaṃ (Latin script)
* 𑀓𑀼𑀯𑀁 (Brahmi script)
* कुवं (Devanagari script)
* কুৰং (Bengali script)
* කුවං (Sinhalese script)
* ကုဝံ or ၵုဝံ (Burmese script)
* กุวํ or กุวัง (Thai script)
* ᨠᩩᩅᩴ (Tai Tham script)
* ກຸວໍ or ກຸວັງ (Lao script)
* កុវំ (Khmer script)
* 𑄇𑄪𑅇𑄁 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit क्व (kva, “where”).

### Adverb

kva
* (interrogative) where

#### Derived terms

* kvaci

### References

* Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “ku”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead
# чис
## Khakas
### Etymology

Cognate with Kyrgyz жез (jez),Kazakh жез (jez),Karachay-Balkar джез (cez),Kumyk ез (yez),Tatar җиз (ciz),Bashkir еҙ (yeź),Southern Altai јес (ǰes),Tuvan чес (çes)

### Noun

чис • (çis)
* copper
# tømmer
## Danish
### Etymology

From Old Norse timbr.

### Noun

tømmer n (singular definite tømmeret, not used in plural form)
* timber

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “tømmer” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse timbr.

#### Noun

tømmer n (definite singular tømmeret, uncountable)
* timber

##### Derived terms

* furutømmer
* tømmerhogst, tømmerhugst
* tømmerhugger
* tømmermann
* tømmerstokk

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

tømmer
* present of tømme

### References

* “tømmer” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* timber
* tỳmbur (Vossamål, Ullesvang, Eidfjord)
* tymbr
* tembr

### Etymology

Through Norwegian Bokmål from Danish tømmer, or a dialectal form of timber (tỳmber), from Old Norse timbr. Akin to English timber.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtœmːɛr/

### Noun

tømmer n (definite singular tømmeret, uncountable)
* timber

#### Derived terms

* furutømmer
* tømmerhogst
* tømmermann
* tømmerstokk

### References

* “tømmer” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
# tâta
## French
### Verb

tâta
* third-person singular past historic of tâter

## Khalaj

| Perso-Arabic | Perso-Arabic | تاتا |

### Etymology

From baby talk.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taːta/
* (Bagh-e Yek) IPA: [tɑːta]
* (Bagh-e Yek, Chahak, Mehrzamin) IPA: [tɒːtɑ]
* (Chahak, Talkh Ab) IPA: [tɒːta]
* (Mehrzamin) IPA: [tɑːɑ̯ta]
* (Seft) IPA: [tɔ̞ːtaː]
* (Shaneq) IPA: [tɔ̞ːtɜ]
* (Talkh Ab) IPA: [tɒˑtaˑ], [tɒˑtɒˑ]

### Noun

tâta (definite accusative tâtañ, plural tâtalar)
* grandfather
    Synonyms: ağu bâba, bidük bâba, bidük dədə, bâba, bâbacân

#### Declension
### References

* Doerfer, Gerhard (1987) Lexik und Sprachgeographie des Chaladsch [Lexicon and Language Geography of Khalaj] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN

## Romanian
### Interjection

tâta
* Obsolete form of atâta.

### References

* tâta in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN
# shrubbery
## English
### Etymology

From shrub +‎ -ery.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʃɹʌbəɹi/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

shrubbery (plural shrubberies)
* A planting of shrubs; a wide border to a garden where shrubs are thickly planted; or a similar larger area with a path winding through it.
* Shrubs collectively.
# refining
## English
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aɪnɪŋ

### Verb

refining
* present participle and gerund of refine

### Noun

refining (plural refinings)
* Refinement (process of refining)
** 1931, John de Boer, The Theory of Knowledge of the Cambridge Platonists, page 64:Then after that process which Culverwel describes as so many strainings, refinings, and clarifyings, the mind is prepared for a true insight into the real nature of the world by way of intuition.

#### Derived terms

* oil refining
* zone refining

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Infinger, enfiring, infringe
# présomptueux
## French
### Alternative forms

* præsomptueux (obsolete)

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Late Latin praesumptuōsus, from Latin praesūmō (whence présumer).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʁe.zɔ̃p.tɥø/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pré‧somp‧tueux

### Adjective

présomptueux (feminine présomptueuse, masculine plural présomptueux, feminine plural présomptueuses)
* presumptuous
    Synonym: prétentieux

#### Derived terms

* présomptueusement

#### Related terms

* présomption

### Further reading

* “présomptueux”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# canlandırmaq
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From canlan- +‎ -dır.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡ʒɑnɫɑndɯrˈmɑx], [d͡zɑnɫɑndɯrˈmɑx]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: can‧lan‧dır‧maq

### Verb

canlandırmaq (transitive)
* to bring back to life
* to vivify, to enliven (make more lively, cheerful or interesting)

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* “canlandırmaq” in Obastan.com.

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From canlan- +‎ -dır.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: can‧lan‧dır‧maq

### Verb

canlandırmaq
* causative of canlanmaq: to vivify, enliven

#### Conjugation
### References

* “canlandırmaq”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)
# ġurat
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒuˈraːt/
* Audio (Gozo):(file)
* Homophone: ġurad

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sicilian giuratu and/or Italian giurato, both from Latin iuratus.

#### Noun

ġurat m (plural ġurati)
* juror

##### Related terms

* ġurament

### Etymology 2

See main lemma.

#### Noun

ġurat m (plural ġurati)
* Alternative form of ġurad
# ἐπιτηδείου
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /e.pi.tɛː.děː.uː/ → /e.pi.tiˈði.u/ → /e.pi.tiˈði.u/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /e.pi.tɛː.děː.uː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /e.pi.te̝ˈdi.u/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /e.pi.tiˈði.u/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /e.pi.tiˈði.u/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /e.pi.tiˈði.u/

### Adjective

ἐπῐτηδείου • (epĭtēdeíou)
* masculine/neuter genitive singular of ἐπῐτήδειος (epĭtḗdeios)

### Noun

ἐπῐτηδείου • (epĭtēdeíou)
* genitive singular of ἐπῐτήδειος (epĭtḗdeios)
# glanduliferi
## Latin
### Adjective

glanduliferī
* inflection of glandulifer:
** genitive masculine/neuter singular
** nominative/vocative masculine plural
# hysb
## Welsh
### Etymology

From Middle Welsh hysb, from Proto-Brythonic *hɨsp, from Proto-Celtic *siskʷos. Doublet of sych.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /hɨ̞sb/, [hɨ̞sp]
* (South Wales) IPA: /hɪsb/, [hɪsb]
* Rhymes: -ɨ̞sb

### Adjective

hysb (feminine singular hesb, plural hysbion, equative hysbed, comparative hysbach, superlative hysbaf, not mutable)
* dry, dried up, exhausted (of water sources such as wells and springs)
    Synonyms: diffrwyth, sych
* dry, not yielding milk (of cattle, sheep)
* barren, sterile
    Synonym: diffrwyth

#### Usage notes

There is a tendency to use the feminine form hesb with masculine nouns because it is more common.

#### Derived terms

* hesbin (“teg, young ewe”)

### References

* D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “hysb”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh-English Dictionary, Gwerin
* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “hysb”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies