# 輔

| 輔 | U+8F14, &#36628; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F14 |
| ← 輓 [U+8F13] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 輕 → [U+8F15] |

## Translingual
### Han character

輔 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十十戈十月 (JJIJB), four-corner 5302$_7$, composition ⿰車甫)

#### Derived characters

* 𭲽

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1244, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38342
* Dae Jaweon: page 1720, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3533, character 3
* Unihan data for U+8F14

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 豧 | *pʰoːs, *pʰa, *pʰas |
| 縛 | *baːɡs, *baɡ |
| 逋 | *paː |
| 餔 | *paː, *baːs |
| 晡 | *paː |
| 庯 | *paː |
| 陠 | *paː, *pʰaː |
| 鵏 | *paː, *baːs |
| 峬 | *paː |
| 誧 | *paː, *pʰaː, *pʰaːʔ, *pʰaːs |
| 秿 | *paː, *pʰa, *baʔ |
| 鯆 | *paː, *pʰaː, *paʔ |
| 補 | *paːʔ |
| 圃 | *paːʔ, *paːs |
| 鋪 | *pʰaː, *pʰaːs, *pʰa |
| 痡 | *pʰaː, *pʰa |
| 浦 | *pʰaːʔ |
| 烳 | *pʰaːʔ |
| 溥 | *pʰaːʔ, *paːɡ |
| 悑 | *pʰaːs |
| 酺 | *baː |
| 匍 | *baː |
| 蜅 | *baː, *paʔ |
| 脯 | *baː, *paʔ |
| 葡 | *baː |
| 蒱 | *baː |
| 蒲 | *baː |
| 簿 | *baːʔ, *baːɡ |
| 捕 | *baːs |
| 哺 | *baːs |
| 簠 | *pa, *paʔ, *pʰas |
| 甫 | *paʔ |
| 黼 | *paʔ |
| 莆 | *paʔ |
| 俌 | *paʔ, *pʰaʔ |
| 郙 | *paʔ, *pʰa |
| 傅 | *paɡs |
| 搏 | *paɡs, *paːɡ, *pʰaːɡ |
| 麱 | *pʰa |
| 尃 | *pʰa |
| 榑 | *ba |
| 輔 | *baʔ |
| 鬴 | *baʔ |
| 賻 | *baɡs |
| 博 | *paːɡ |
| 髆 | *paːɡ |
| 鎛 | *paːɡ |
| 猼 | *paːɡ |
| 餺 | *paːɡ |
| 簙 | *paːɡ |
| 鑮 | *paːɡ, *baːɡ |
| 欂 | *paːɡ, *baɡ, *breːɡ |
| 蒪 | *pʰaːɡ |
| 膊 | *pʰaːɡ |
| 薄 | *baːɡ |
| 礡 | *baːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *baʔ) : semantic 車 + phonetic 甫 (OC *paʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fǔ (fu$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fu$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): phú
    (Meixian, Guangdong): pu$^3$ / fu$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hū
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hú / hù
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hu$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$vu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^3$
*** Yale: fǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
*** Palladius: фу (fu)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fu$^6$
*** Yale: fuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuː²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phú
*** Hakka Romanization System: pu$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰu³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: pu$^3$ / fu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰu³¹/, /fu³¹/
* Meixian:
** pu3 - vernacular;
** fu3 - literary.
* Middle Chinese: bjuX
Rime :
| Character | 輔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 扶雨切 |
| Baxter | bjuX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bio$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bio$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /bio$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b](r)aʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*baʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 輔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bju$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b](r)aʔ/ |
| English | help |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 輔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3470 |
| Phonetic component | 甫 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 父 |
| Old Chinese | /*baʔ/ |

### Definitions

輔
* (obsolete) protective wooden bars that helped prevent a carriage from overturning
* (literary) cheek
* to assist
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Céngzǐ yuē: “Jūnzǐ yǐ wén huì yǒu, yǐ yǒu fǔ rén.” [Pinyin]
    The philosopher Zeng said, "The superior man on grounds of culture meets with his friends, and by friendship helps his virtue."
* (historical) area near the capital

### Compounds

* 三輔 / 三辅 (sānfǔ)
* 個別輔導 / 个别辅导
* 內輔 / 内辅
* 公輔 / 公辅
* 右輔 / 右辅
* 團體輔導 / 团体辅导
* 基輔 / 基辅 (Jīfǔ)
* 基輔公國 / 基辅公国
* 天輔 / 天辅
* 太輔 / 太辅
* 夾輔 / 夹辅 (jiāfǔ)
* 宰輔 / 宰辅
* 就業輔導 / 就业辅导
* 左輔右弼 / 左辅右弼
* 教育輔導 / 教育辅导
* 生活輔導 / 生活辅导
* 畿輔 / 畿辅 (jīfǔ)
* 相輔相成 / 相辅相成 (xiāngfǔxiāngchéng)
* 相輔而成 / 相辅而成
* 相輔而行 / 相辅而行
* 職業輔導 / 职业辅导
* 臺輔 / 台辅
* 藩輔 / 藩辅
* 複輔音 / 复辅音 (fùfǔyīn)
* 課外輔導 / 课外辅导
* 課後輔導 / 课后辅导
* 課業輔導 / 课业辅导
* 車輔 / 车辅
* 輔仁大學 / 辅仁大学
* 輔佐 / 辅佐 (fǔzuǒ)
* 輔佐人 / 辅佐人
* 輔光 / 辅光
* 輔助 / 辅助 (fǔzhù)
* 輔助車道 / 辅助车道
* 輔國 / 辅国
* 輔導 / 辅导 (fǔdǎo)
* 輔導員 / 辅导员 (fǔdǎoyuán)
* 輔導級 / 辅导级
* 輔幣 / 辅币 (fǔbì)
* 輔弼 / 辅弼 (fǔbì)
* 輔弼之勛 / 辅弼之勋
* 輔政 / 辅政 (fǔzhèng)
* 輔時 / 辅时
* 輔相 / 辅相
* 輔翼 / 辅翼 (fǔyì)
* 輔行 / 辅行
* 輔贊 / 辅赞
* 輔車相依 / 辅车相依
* 輔車脣齒 / 辅车唇齿
* 輔選 / 辅选
* 輔音 / 辅音 (fǔyīn)
* 關輔 / 关辅
* 靨輔 / 靥辅 (yèfǔ)
* 頰輔 / 颊辅
* 魏良輔 / 魏良辅
* 鼎輔 / 鼎辅

### References

* “輔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* cheek, cheekbone
* assist
    Synonyms: 扶, 補, 傅

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぶ (bu)
* Kan-on: ふ (fu)
* Kan’yō-on: ほ (ho)
* Kun: かまち (kamachi, 輔)、そえぎ (soegi, 輔)、すけ (suke, 輔)、たすけ (tasuke, 輔け)、たすける (tasukeru, 輔ける)
* Nanori: すけ (suke)、たすく (tasuku)、たすけ (tasuke)、ゆう (yū)

#### Usage notes

In modern Japanese, 輔 is mostly replaced by 補, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

#### Compounds

* 輔(ふ)佐(さ) (fusa)
* 輔(ほ)行(こう) (hokō)
* 輔(ほ)佐(さ) (hosa) (補(ほ)佐(さ))
* 輔(ほ)祭(さい) (hosai)
* 輔(ほ)賛(さん) (hosan)
* 輔(ほ)車(しゃ) (hosha)
* 輔(ほ)助(じょ) (hojo) (補(ほ)助(じょ))
* 輔(ほ)相(しょう) (hoshō)
* 輔(ほ)臣(しん) (hoshin)
* 輔(ほ)仁(じん) (hojin)
* 輔(ほ)成(せい) (hosei)
* 輔(ほ)導(どう) (hodō) (補(ほ)導(どう))
* 輔(ほ)弼(ひつ) (hohitsu) (補(ほ)弼(ひつ))
* 輔(ほ)払(ひつ) (hohitsu)
* 輔(ほ)翼(よく), 輔(ほ)翊(よく) (hoyoku) (補(ほ)翼(よく))
* 畿(き)輔(ほ) (kiho)
* 匡(きょう)輔(ほ) (kyōho)
* 夾(きょう)輔(ほ), 挟(きょう)輔(ほ) (kyōho)
* 頰(きょう)輔(ほ) (kyōho)
* 卿(けい)輔(ほ) (keiho)
* 賢(けん)輔(ぽ) (kenpo)
* 宰(さい)輔(ほ) (saiho)
* 三(さん)輔(ぽ) (sanpo)
* 師(し)輔(ほ) (shiho)
* 台(たい)輔(ほ) (taiho)
* 鼎(てい)輔(ほ) (teiho)
* 藩(はん)輔(ぽ) (hanpo)
* 右(ゆう)輔(ほ) (yūho)
* 靨(よう)輔(ほ) (yōho)
* 翼(よく)輔(ほ) (yokuho)
* 良(りょう)輔(ほ) (ryōho)

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [po̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [보]

### Hanja

Wikisource 輔 (eum 보 (bo))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

輔: Hán Nôm readings: phụ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.