# 缶

| 缶 | U+7F36, &#32566; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F36 |
| ← 缵 [U+7F35] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 缷 → [U+7F37] |
| ⽸ | U+2F78, &#12152; KANGXI RADICAL JAR |
| ← ⽷ [U+2F77] | Kangxi Radicals | ⽹ → [U+2F79] |

## Translingual
### Han character

缶 (Kangxi radical 121, 缶+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人十山 (OJU), four-corner 8077$_2$, composition ⿱午凵)
* Kangxi radical #121, ⽸.

#### Derived characters

* Appendix:Chinese radical/缶
* 𭎘, 𡜊, 𣳬, 𤈒, 珤, 𦚥, 𤽦, 𥒋, 𬒴, 𧊦, 𫒘, 𩛊, 𩢿, 㓡, 𢻂, 𧇍, 𩒡, 𩛕
* 𤈣, 𡧰, 𪨲, 𬜪, 𪺛, 窑, 䓨, 𨑅, 寚, 𪔕, 匋, 厒, 𢈊, 𠙈, 𠤸, 䘖, 䔘, 䀇, 鬱

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 944, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28108
* Dae Jaweon: page 1385, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2935, character 1
* Unihan data for U+7F36

## Chinese

* 缶 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Fou (instrument) (English)

### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 缶 :
| Shang | Spring and Autumn | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 寶 | *puːʔ |
| 珤 | *puːʔ |
| 缶 | *puʔ |
| 缹 | *puʔ |
Pictogram (象形) – an earthenware pot with a lid. See also the bottom part of the original versions of 由.
Unrelated to the top component of 鬱, in which it represents a stylized man (大).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fǒu (fou$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fau$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fì
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hió / hó͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hui$^5$ / hu$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fǒu
*** Wade–Giles: fou$^3$
*** Yale: fǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: foou
*** Palladius: фоу (fou)
*** Sinological IPA : /foʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fau$^2$
*** Yale: fáu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: feo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐu̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fì
*** Hakka Romanization System: fi$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /fi¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hió
*** Tâi-lô: hió
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hioir
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hio⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hó͘
*** Tâi-lô: hóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hor
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔ⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hui$^5$ / hu$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hûi / hú
*** Sinological IPA : /hui⁵⁵/, /hu⁵²/
* hui5 - colloquial;
* hu2 - literal.
* Middle Chinese: pjuwX
Rime :
| Character | 缶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 方久切 |
| Baxter | pjuwX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /piu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piəu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /piu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭəu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯ə̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fǒu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fau$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)uʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*puʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 缶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fǒu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjuw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*p(r)uʔ/ |
| English | earthenware |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 缶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3266 |
| Phonetic component | 缶 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 缶 |
| Old Chinese | /*puʔ/ |

### Definitions

缶
* earthen pot or jar for storing an alcoholic drink
* musical instrument for ritual music

#### Compounds

* 二缶鐘惑 / 二缶钟惑
* 擊缶 / 击缶 (jīfǒu)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 缶 |
| Kyūjitai | 罐 |

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 罐)
* pot; can
* tin can
* container
* jar radical (no. 121)

#### Readings

* Go-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)、ふ (fu)
* Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)、ふう (fū)
* Kun: かま (kama, 缶)、ほとぎ (hotogi, 缶)
* Nanori: べ (be)

#### Compounds

* 缶(かん)詰(づめ) (kanzume): canned food; confinement for a particular purpose
* 缶(かん)詰(づめ)業(ぎょう) (kanzumegyō): the canning industry
* 缶(かん)詰(づめ)業(ぎょう)者(しゃ) (kanzume gyōsha): a canner, someone who cans as a business
* 缶(かん)詰(づめ)工(こう)場(じょう) (kanzume kōjō): a cannery, a canning plant
* 缶(かん)詰(づめ)食(しょく)品(ひん) (kanzume shokuhin): canned food
* 缶(かん)石(せき) (kanseki): scale, lime and other deposits left behind in a boiler, kettle, or similar device
* 缶(かん)切(き)り (kankiri), 缶(かん)切(きり) (kankiri): a can opener
* 缶(かま)胴(どう) (kamadō): the boiler of a steam engine
* 缶(かま)焚(た)き (kamataki), 缶(かま)焚(たき) (kamataki): minding a boiler fire for a steam engine; a steam engine fireman, tender, or stoker
* 缶(かま)偏(へん) (kamahen): the Chinese character radical consisting of the 缶 character

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 缶
* かん Grade: S (ateji)
* on'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 罐 (kyūjitai)
Likely from Dutch kan (“cylindrical metallic container”), with additional influence from English can (“cylindrical metallic container”). The kanji is an example of ateji (当て字). Alternatively, from Middle Chinese 罐 (kuɑnH, “can; jar; tin”). The usage of 缶 is likely due to a 新字体 (shinjitai) simplification from earlier 旧字体 (kyūjitai) 罐, where the phonetic component 雚 was entirely eliminated.

#### Alternative forms

* 鑵, カン

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kã̠ɴ]

#### Noun

缶(かん) • (kan)
* a can, a tin

#### Counter

缶(かん) • (-kan)
* counter for canned goods

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 缶
* かま Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 罐 (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 缶 – see the following entry. :
| 【かま】 | [noun] 缶: a boiler, as for a steam engine |
(This term, 缶, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

缶 • (bu) (hangeul 부, revised bu, McCune–Reischauer pu, Yale pu)
장군 부 [janggun bu]
* an earthern vessel that bulges in the middle and has a narrow mouth
* refers to one of many types of the double-headed drums with a narrow waist in the middle
* 洋甁, a glazed pot bulging in the middle with a narrow mouth
* volume, capacity (=4斛)
* rad. 121

### References

* ↑ http://www.e-hanja.kr/

## Vietnamese
### Han character

缶: Hán Nôm readings: phẫu, phễu, quán, phữu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.