OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# позавчорашній
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From позавчо́ра (pozavčóra) +‎ -шній (-šnij). Compare Russian позавчера́шний (pozavčerášnij), Belarusian пазаўчара́шні (pazaŭčarášni).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɔzɐu̯t͡ʃɔˈraʃnʲii̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

позавчора́шній • (pozavčorášnij)
* the day before yesterday's, of the day before yesterday
    Coordinate terms: вчора́шній (včorášnij), сього́днішній (sʹohódnišnij), за́втрашній (závtrašnij), післяза́втрашній (pisljazávtrašnij)
    позавчора́шній день ― pozavčorášnij denʹ ― the day before yesterday

#### Related terms

* вчора́шній (včorášnij)
* позавчо́ра (pozavčóra)

### References

* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2022), “позавчорашній”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 13 (підку́са – покі́рно), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1975), “позавчорашній”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 6 (П – Поїсти), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 784
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “позавчорашній”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “позавчорашній”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “позавчорашній”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “позавчорашній”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# fibrilized
## English
### Adjective

fibrilized (comparative more fibrilized, superlative most fibrilized)
* Converted into, or furnished with fibrils

#### Derived terms

* unfibrilized

#### Related terms

* fibrilization
# czeladni
## Polish
### Etymology

From czeladź +‎ -ni.

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Przemyśl) IPA: [t͡ʂɛˈlʲad.ɲi]

### Adjective

czeladni
* (Przemyśl, relational) servants, staff (intended for servants or staff)
    izba czeladniá ― kitchen (literally, “servants chamber”)

### Further reading

* Aleksander Saloni (1908) “czeladni”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 333
# cebra
## Asturian
### Noun

cebra f (plural cebres)
* zebra

## Galician
### Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese zevra (“onager”), of uncertain origin. Likely from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”), from equus (“horse”) + ferus (“wild”). See also cebro.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈθeβɾɐ]

#### Noun

cebra f (plural cebras)
* zebra

### Etymology 2

Probably from Latin zephyrus.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈθeβɾɐ]

#### Noun

cebra f (plural cebras)
* rainstorm
    Synonym: temporal

##### Derived terms

* cebrina

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “zeura”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “zebr”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cebra”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cebra”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cebra”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Leonese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish zebra, from Old Spanish ezebra or Portuguese zebra, from Portuguese zebra, zebro (“zebra”), from Old Galician-Portuguese enzebro, both from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”), from equus (“horse”) + ferus (“wild”), possibly through another Romance language first. Compare Portuguese zebra.

### Noun

cebra f (plural cebras)
* zebras

### References

* Pallabreiru Llïonés

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡sɛ.bra/
* Rhymes: -ɛbra
* Syllabification: ce‧bra

### Noun

cebra m
* genitive singular of ceber

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* zebra (obsolete)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish ezebra, of uncertain origin. Likely from Vulgar Latin *eciferus, from Latin equiferus (“wild horse”), from equus (“horse”) + ferus (“wild”), possibly through another Romance language first. Compare Portuguese zebra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /ˈθebɾa/ [ˈθe.β̞ɾa]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈsebɾa/ [ˈse.β̞ɾa]
* Rhymes: -ebɾa
* Syllabification: ce‧bra

### Noun

cebra f (plural cebras)
* zebra (african animal)

#### Derived terms

* paso cebra
* paso de cebra
* pez cebra

### Further reading

* “cebra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# nyeti
## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Adjective

nyeti (invariable)
* sensitive
# תביעה
## Hebrew

* Root
* ת־ב־ע (t-b-ʿ)
* 3 terms

### Etymology

Action noun of תבע (tavá').

### Noun

תְּבִיעָה • (tvi'á) f (plural indefinite תְּבִיעוֹת, singular construct תְּבִיעַת־, plural construct תְּבִיעוֹת־) [pattern: קְטִילָה]
* demand, claim
* (law) lawsuit
    תביעה משפטית ― tvi'á mishpatít ― legal suit
* (law) prosecution
# tussis
## English
### Etymology

From Latin tussis (“cough”).

### Noun

tussis (uncountable)
* A cough.
** 1902, Robert M. Tooker, “The Homœopathic Treatment of Whooping Cough”, in The North American Journal of Homeopathy, volume 50, page 48:In cachectic subjects, or in a strumous child the victim is never safe when the diathesis is reinforced by any contagion which further undermines a constitution built on sand. Even in such cases the force of the tussis attack can be rendered less forceful by judicious treatment and proper care.
** 1971, Edward Wagenknecht, James Russell Lowell; Portrait of a Many-sided Man, page 224:Except of my coffin, / For what can I else with this horrible tussis?
** 2010, Karen Bowden-Cox, Honorable Passage: Repaying Evil With..., page 156:As George whittled the lengthy wood, his tussis nearly cured, he found himself surrounded by curious lads and lasses.

#### Translations
### See also

* tussic, tussive, tussal, tussicular
* tussiculation

### Anagrams

* suists

## Catalan
### Verb

tussis
* second-person singular present subjunctive of tossir

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *tussis, from Proto-Indo-European *tud-ti-s (“cough”), from *(s)tewd-, from *(s)tew- (“to push, hit”). The unexpected lack of vowel lengthening of the u and the consonant gemination of the s in the Proto-Italic form may be from onomatopoeic influence. Cognate with Old English aþytan (“to expel”), Old Norse aþiota (“to expel”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈtus.sis/, [ˈt̪ʊs̠ːɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈtus.sis/, [ˈt̪usːis]

### Noun

tussis f (genitive tussis); third declension
* cough

#### Usage notes

In the plural, tussēs indicates a severe cough.

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem, accusative singular in -im, ablative singular in -ī).

#### Derived terms

* tussēdō
* tussicula
* tussiculāris
* tussiculōsus
* tussicus
* tussiēns
* tussiō

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: tusi, tuse
* Asturian: tos, tus
* Catalan: tos
* English: pertussis
* French: toux
* Friulian: tos
* Galician: tose
* Italian: tosse
* Mirandese: tuosse
* Norman: toux
* Occitan: tos
* Piedmontese: toss
* Portuguese: tosse
* Romanian: tuse
* Sardinian: tusciu, tussi
* Sicilian: tussi
* Tashelhit: tusut
* Spanish: tos
* Venetan: tose, tos
* Walloon: tosse

### References

* “tussis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “tussis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* tussis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 635
* ↑ Wood, Indo-European Ax: Axi: Axu: A Study in Ablaut and in Word Formation, p. 59
# AAAA
## English
### Proper noun

AAAA
* Amateur Athletic Association of America
* American Association for the Advancement of Agnosticism
* American Association for the Advancement of Atheism
* American Association for Affirmative Action
* American Association of Advertising Agencies
* Antique Aeroplane Association of Australia
* Antique Appraisal Association of America
* Army Aviation Association of America
* Associated Actors and Artists of America
* (Singapore) Association of Accredited Advertising Agencies
* Australian Advertising Advisory Authority
* Australian Association of Advertising Agencies
* Australian Automotive Aftermarket Association
* "Authentication, Authorization, Accounting, and Auditing", the four main services provided by an Internet Authentication Service.

### Noun

AAAA (plural AAAAs)
* A specific size and configuration of electric battery.
* (slang, baseball) A baseball player who is too good for Minor League Baseball, but not good enough for Major League Baseball.
* A type of DNS record used to indicate the IPv6 internet address of a DNS name.

### Further reading

* AAAA on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# післязавтрашній
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From післяза́втра (pisljazávtra) +‎ -шній (-šnij). Compare Russian послеза́втрашний (poslezávtrašnij), Belarusian пасляза́ўтрашні (pasljazáŭtrašni).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʲisʲlʲɐˈzau̯trɐʃnʲii̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

післяза́втрашній • (pisljazávtrašnij)
* the day after tomorrow's, of the day after tomorrow
    Coordinate terms: позавчора́шній (pozavčorášnij), вчора́шній (včorášnij), сього́днішній (sʹohódnišnij), за́втрашній (závtrašnij)
    післяза́втрашній день ― pisljazávtrašnij denʹ ― the day after tomorrow

#### Related terms

* за́втрашній (závtrašnij)
* післяза́втра (pisljazávtra)

### References

* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2022), “післязавтрашній”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 13 (підку́са – покі́рно), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1975), “післязавтрашній”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 6 (П – Поїсти), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 543
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “післязавтрашній”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “післязавтрашній”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “післязавтрашній”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “післязавтрашній”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# fibrillization
## English
### Etymology

From fibril +‎ -ization.

### Noun

fibrillization (usually uncountable, plural fibrillizations)
* The formation of fibrils

#### Derived terms

* antifibrillization
* protofibrillization
# grantork
## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian granturco, variant of granoturco.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡranˈtɔrk/

### Noun

grantork m
* Synonym of qamħirrum: maize, corn
# Balatin
## English
### Proper noun

Balatin
* A barangay of Wao, Lanao del Sur, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Amoyong, Balatin, Banga, Bo-ot, Buntongun, Cebuano Group, Christian Village, Eastern Wao, Extension Poblacion, Gata, Kabatangan, Kadingilan, Katutungan, Kilikili East, Kilikili West, Malaigang, Manila Group, Milaya, Mimbuaya, Muslim Village, Pagalongan, Panang, Park Area, Pilintangan, Serran Village, Western Wao — barangays of Wao
# fleche
## English
### Noun

fleche (plural fleches)
* Alternative spelling of flèche

### Verb

fleche (third-person singular simple present fleches, present participle fleching, simple past and past participle fleched)
* Alternative spelling of flèche

### Anagrams

* fleech

## Middle French
### Etymology

From Old French fleche, from Vulgar Latin *fleccia, borrowed from Frankish *fliukkijā, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-, from *plew-.

### Noun

fleche f (plural fleches)
* arrow (projectile fired by a bow)

#### Descendants

* French: flèche
** → Dutch: flits
*** → Middle Low German: flitse [16th c.]
**** → German: Flitz
** → English: flèche

## Old French
### Alternative forms

* flecche, fleke

### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *fleccia, borrowed from Frankish *fliukkijā, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-, from *plew-.

### Noun

fleche oblique singular, f (oblique plural fleches, nominative singular fleche, nominative plural fleches)
* arrow (projectile fired by a bow)

#### Synonyms

* saete

#### Descendants

* Middle French: fleche
** French: flèche (see there for further descendants)
* Picard: flèche (Athois)
* Walloon: flèche (Forrières)
Borrowings:
* → Italy:
** Emilian: frizza
** Istriot: sfracia
** Italian: freccia
*** → Sardinian: fleccia, freccia, fercia, frezza, frizza
** Piedmontese: flecia, flascia
** Romansch: frizza, frezza (Surmiran)
** Sicilian: fileccia, fleccia
*** → Maltese: vleġġa
** Venetan: frixa, fréça, frésa
*** → Cimbrian: fritza
* → Iberia:
** Aragonese: flecha
** Asturian: flecha
** Old Galician-Portuguese: frecha
*** Fala: flecha
*** Galician: frecha
*** Portuguese: flecha, frecha (obsolete or dialectal)
** Old Spanish: frecha, flecha
*** Spanish: flecha
* → Others:
** Medieval Latin: flechia, flecha, flecca [13th c., France]
** Middle Dutch: vlieke (reborrowing)
*** Dutch: vliek
** Middle English: flecche

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*fliukka”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 15/2: Germanismes: Bu–F, page 146
* ↑ Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964) “frèčča”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg
* ↑ Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “vlieke”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page vlieke

## Spanish
### Verb

fleche
* inflection of flechar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative
# ייעץ
## Hebrew

* Root
* י־ע־ץ (y-ʿ-ts)
* 6 terms

### Verb

ייעץ / יִעֵץ • (yi'éts) (pi'el construction)
* to counsel

### References

* “ייעץ” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# voleti
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvolɛcɪ]

### Noun

voleti
* dative/locative singular of vole

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* vòljeti (Ijekavian)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *volěti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋǒleti/
* Hyphenation: vo‧le‧ti

### Verb

vòleti impf (Cyrillic spelling во̀лети)
* (transitive, reflexive) to love
    Volim te. — I love you.
* (transitive) to like
    Volim miris napalma ujutro. — I love the smell of napalm in the morning.

#### Derived terms

* blagoizvòleti
* izvòleti
* privòleti
* zavòleti
# 落载
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 落载 – see 落載 (“to load cargo”). (This term is the simplified form of 落載).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# રાંધણ
## Gujarati
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀭𑀁𑀥𑀦 (raṃdhana), from Sanskrit रन्धयति (randhayati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *randʰanam, from Proto-Indo-European *londʰ-onom. Cognate with Assamese ৰন্ধা (rondha), Bengali রান্না (ranna), Marathi रांधण (rāndhaṇ), Odia ରନ୍ଧଣା (randhaṇā).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈɾɑ̃.d̪ʱəɳ/
* Rhymes: -əɳ
* Hyphenation: રાં‧ધણ

### Noun

રાંધણ • (rā̃dhaṇ) n
* cooking
    Alternative form: રાંધણું (rā̃dhṇũ)
* kitchen
    Synonyms: રસોડું (rasoḍũ), રાંધણિયું (rā̃dhṇiyũ)

#### Related terms

* રાંધવું (rā̃dhvũ)
# fibril
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fibrilla, diminutive of Latin fibra. Doublet of fibrilla. Compare fibre.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /faɪbɹ(ə)l/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

fibril (plural fibrils)
* A fine fibre or filament.
* (biology) Any fine, filamentous structure in animals or plants.

#### Derived terms

* actinofibril
* antifibril
* fibrilization
* fibrilize
* fibrillar
* fibrillary
* fibrilliferous
* fibrilliform
* fibrillin
* fibrillization
* fibrillogenesis
* heterofibril
* interfibrillar
* macrofibril
* melanofibril
* microfibril
* myofibril
* nanofibril
* neurofibril
* profibril
* protofibril
* subfibril
* tonofibril

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ “fibril, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

## Indonesian
### Noun

fibril (plural fibril-fibril)
* fibril

## Irish
### Etymology

Borrowed from New Latin fibrilla, a diminutive of Latin fibra (“fibre, filament”).

### Noun

fibril f (genitive singular fibrile, nominative plural fibrilí)
* fibril

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
fibril
fibrilí
vocative
a fhibril
a fhibrilí
genitive
fibrile
fibrilí
dative
fibril
fibrilí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an fhibril
na fibrilí
genitive
na fibrile
na bhfibrilí
dative
leis an bhfibril don fhibril
leis na fibrilí :

#### Derived terms

* dífhibriliú (“defibrillation”)
* dífhibrileoir (“defibrillator”)
* néaraifibril

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “fibril”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* “fibril”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
# तारागुच्छ
## Hindi
### Etymology

Sanskritic formation from तारा (tārā, “star”) +‎ गुच्छ (gucch, “cluster”).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /t̪ɑː.ɾɑː.ɡʊt̪t͡ʃʰ/, [t̪äː.ɾäː.ɡʊ(t̚)t͡ʃʰ]

### Noun

तारागुच्छ • (tārāgucch) m
* (astronomy) star cluster
# Banga
## English
### Proper noun

Banga
* A barangay of Wao, Lanao del Sur, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Amoyong, Balatin, Banga, Bo-ot, Buntongun, Cebuano Group, Christian Village, Eastern Wao, Extension Poblacion, Gata, Kabatangan, Kadingilan, Katutungan, Kilikili East, Kilikili West, Malaigang, Manila Group, Milaya, Mimbuaya, Muslim Village, Pagalongan, Panang, Park Area, Pilintangan, Serran Village, Western Wao — barangays of Wao
* A municipality of Aklan, Panay, Philippines.

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Aklanon Banga, from banga (“Orania palindan”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈbaŋa/ [ˈbaː.ŋɐ]
* Rhymes: -aŋa
* Syllabification: Ba‧nga

### Proper noun

Banga (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜅ)
* A municipality of Aklan, Panay, Philippines
# illui
## English
### Alternative forms

* ilooy
* iluy

### Etymology

From Hebrew עִילּוּי (‘ilúi, “prodigy”), from the Hebrew root ע־ל־ה (`-l-_).

### Noun

illui (plural illuim)
* (Jewish) A young Talmudic prodigy or genius.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* liuli

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* lui

### Etymology

From illī (same meaning but unspecified for gender) with the ending apparently taken from cui (“whom”).

### Pronoun

illui m (feminine illaei) (Late Latin, nonstandard)
* him (dative singular masculine; apparently also genitive)
** Epitaph from Naples (CIL X 2564)
    c. iulius nigri lib. oriens víxit / annos xxxxv / iade contubernali suo dignissimo / quoi non licuit in suis manibus / ultimum illui spiritum ut / exciperetGaius Julius Nigri, a freedman by birth, lived forty-five years. Iade [has dedicated this epitaph] to his worthy companion [Gaius] who did not have the opportunity to draw his last breath in [Iade's] arms.
       (The pronunciation of illui at this time may have been something like [elˈlui̯].)
** Formulary of Marculf, I.17
    ...antedicta villa illa cum omni sua integritate ab ipso principe illo memorato lui fuisse concessa......that the aforementioned villa was granted him, in all its entirety, by the aforementioned prince...

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: lui
** Romanian: lui, -lui
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: lui
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: lui
** French: lui
** Friulian: lui
** Old Occitan: lui

## Northern Sami
### Pronunciation

* (Kautokeino) IPA: /ˈilluj/

### Noun

illui
* illative singular of illu
# סיכון
## Hebrew

* Root
* ס־כ־ן (s-k-n)
* 7 terms

### Noun

סיכון / סִכּוּן • (sikún) m [pattern: קִטּוּל]
* danger, risk, hazard, peril

### References

* “סיכון” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

### Further reading

* סיכון on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# paenultima
## Latin
### Etymology

Substantive of paenultimus (“penultimate”), from paene (“almost”) + ultimus (“last”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /pae̯ˈnul.ti.ma/, [päe̯ˈnʊɫ̪t̪ɪmä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /peˈnul.ti.ma/, [peˈnul̪t̪imä]

### Noun

paenultima f (genitive paenultimae); first declension
* The penultimate syllable, penult.

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Related terms

* antepaenultimus
* paene
* paenīnsula
* paenultimus
* ulter
* ultimus

### References

* “paenultima”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
# copal
## English
### Etymology

From Spanish copal, from Classical Nahuatl copalli (“incense”).

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈkoʊpəl/
* (UK) IPA: /ˈkəʊp(ə)l/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: (US) -oʊpəl, (UK) -əʊpəl

### Noun

copal (countable and uncountable, plural copals)
* A resinous exudation from various tropical trees, especially Hymenaea courbaril and Schinus terebinthifolia, used chiefly in making varnishes and printing ink.

#### Derived terms

* Accra copal (Daniellia ogea)
* Brazilian copal (Hymenaea courbaril)
* Cameroons gum copal (Guibourtia demeusei)
* Congo copal (Guibourtia demeusei)
* copaliferous
* copalite
* East African copal (Hymenaea verrucosa)
* East Indian copal (Canarium bengalense)
* gum-copal (Guibourtia copallifera)
* gum copal (Daniellia ogea)
* jackass copal
* kauri copal (Agathis spp.)
* Madagascar copal (Hymenaea verrucosa)
* Manilla copal (Agathis spp.)
* Niger copal (Daniellia thurifera)
* Sierra Leone copal (Guibourtia copallifera)
* Sudan copal (Daniellia thurifera)
* West African copal (Daniellia oliveri)
* West African gum copal (Daniellia oliveri)
* Zanzibar copal (Hymenaea verrucosa)

#### Translations
### See also

* amber

### Anagrams

* P'cola, P-cola, POLAC, placo-, polac

## French
### Etymology

From Spanish copal, from Classical Nahuatl copalli (“incense”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔ.pal/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

copal m (uncountable)
* copal

### Further reading

* “copal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl copalli (“incense”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koˈpal/ [koˈpal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: co‧pal

### Noun

copal m (plural copales)
* copal (tree resin)
* any of several trees from which copal is extracted

#### Descendants

* → Czech: kopál
* → English: copal
* → Finnish: kopaali
* → French: copal
* → German: Kopal
* → Italian: copale
* → Japanese: コーパル (kōparu)
* → Polish: kopal
* → Russian: копал (kopal)

### Further reading

* “copal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* copla
* palco
* placo
* polca