# सूत्र
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सूत्र (sūtra). Doublet of सूत (sūt).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /suːt̪.ɾᵊ/

### Noun

सूत्र • (sūtra) m
* thread, yarn, string
* a source, reference; text
* (Hinduism) sutra: a rule
* (mathematics) formula
    प्रारंभिक सूत्र ― prārambhik sūtra ― basic formulae
* (chemistry) formula
    Synonym: रसायनिक सूत्र (rasāynik sūtra)

#### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “सूत्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* সূত্ৰ (Assamese script)
* ᬲᬹᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
* সূত্র (Bengali script)
* 𑰭𑰳𑰝𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀲𑀽𑀢𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* သူတြ (Burmese script)
* સૂત્ર (Gujarati script)
* ਸੂਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌸𑍂𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
* ꦱꦹꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
* 𑂮𑂴𑂞𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
* ಸೂತ್ರ (Kannada script)
* សូត្រ (Khmer script)
* ສູຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
* സൂത്ര (Malayalam script)
* ᠰᡠᡠᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘭𑘴𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
* ᠰᠤᠤᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧍𑧕𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐳𑐹𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
* ସୂତ୍ର (Odia script)
* ꢱꢹꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆱𑆷𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
* 𑖭𑖳𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
* සූත්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
* 𑪁𑩒𑩛𑩫 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚨𑚱𑚙𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
* ஸூத்ர (Tamil script)
* సూత్ర (Telugu script)
* สูตฺร (Thai script)
* སཱུ་ཏྲ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒮𑒴𑒞𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨰𑨃𑨊𑨙𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *súHtram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHtram, from Proto-Indo-European *súh₁trom, from *syuh₁- (“to sew”). Synchronically derivable from the root सिव् (siv, “to sew”), and connected with सूचि (sūci) and सूना (sūnā).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /súːt.ɾɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈs̪uːt̪.ɾɐ/

### Noun

सूत्र • (sū́tra) stem, n
* thread, yarn, string, line, cord, wire
* a measuring line
    सूत्रपात (sū́tra-pāta) — applying the measuring line
* the sacred thread or cord worn by the first three classes (compare यज्ञोपवीत (yajño-pavīta))
* a girdle
* a fibre
* a line, stroke
* a sketch, plan
* that which like a thread runs through or holds together everything, rule, direction
* a short sentence or aphoristic rule, and any work or manual consisting of strings of such rules; hanging together like threads; or, alternatively, written on palm leaves which are strung together sutra
* a kind of tree

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Dameli: sutr
** Kalasha: sūtr̥, sūtr
** Kashmiri: سَتھَر (sathar)
** Khowar: شتر (šutur)
** Phalura: سوتر (sūtr)
* Pali: sutta
** → Burmese: သုတ် (sut)
*** → Shan: သုၵ်ႈ (sūk)
** → English: sutta
** → Lao: ສູດ (sūt)
** → Lü: ᦉᦳᧆᦏ (ṡudṫh)
** → Mon: သုတ်
** → Russian: су́тта (sútta)
** → Thai: สูตร (sùut)
* Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (sutta), 𑀲𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀅 (suttia)
** Central:
*** Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (sutta)
**** Hindustani: sūt
***** Hindi: सूत
***** Urdu: سُوت (sūt)
** Eastern:
*** Magadhi Prakrit:
**** Assamese: সুত (xut), সূতা (xuta), ছুতা (suta)
**** Bengali: সুতা (śuta)
**** Bihari: सूत (sūt), सूता (sūtā)
***** Bhojpuri: सूत (sūt)
**** Odia: ସୁଟା (suṭā)
** Northern:
*** Khasa Prakrit:
**** Central Pahari:
***** Garhwali: सूत (sūt)
***** Kumaoni: सूत (sūt)
**** Eastern Pahari:
***** Nepali: सुत (sut)
**** Western Pahari:
***** Bhadrawahi: सूट्ळ (sūṭḷ), सूट्ळू (sūṭḷū)
** Northwestern:
*** Paisaci Prakrit:
**** Takka Apabhramsa:
***** Punjabi: sūtar, sūt, sūtrī, sūtṛī
    Gurmukhi script: ਸੂਤਰ, ਸੂਤ, ਸੂਤਰੀ, ਸੂਤੜੀ
    Shahmukhi script: سُوتَر, سُوت, سُوترِی, سُوتڑِی
****** Lahnda: سوتر (sūtar)
******* Southern Hindko: سُوتُر (sūtur), سُوترَا (sūtrā)
**** Vracada Apabhramsa:
***** Sindhi: suṭru
    Arabic script: سُٹرُ
    Devanagari script: सुट्रु
****** Kachchi: સૂત્ર (sūtra)
** Southern:
*** Helu Prakrit:
**** Dhivehi: އުއި (ui)
**** Sinhalese: හු (hu), හුය (huya)
*** Maharastri Prakrit:
**** Konkani: sūta
    Devanagari script: सूत (sūt)
    Latin script: sut
    Kannada script: ಸೂತ
**** Marathi: सूत (sūt)
** Western:
*** Gurjara Apabhramsa:
**** Gujarati: સુતર (sutar)
* Central:
** Sauraseni Prakrit:
*** Hindustani: sutlī
**** Hindi: सुतली
**** Urdu: سُترِی (sutrī)
* Eastern:
** Magadhi Prakrit:
*** Odia: ସୁତୁଲୋ (sutulo)
* Northern:
** Khasa Prakrit:
*** Central Pahari:
**** Kumaoni: सुत्लो (sutlo)
*** Eastern Pahari:
**** Nepali: सुत्लि (sutli)
* Central:
** Sauraseni Prakrit:
*** Hindustani: sūtī
**** Hindi: सूती
**** Urdu: سُوتِی (sūtī)
* Northern:
** Khasa Prakrit:
*** Eastern Pahari:
**** Nepali: सुति (suti)
* Northwestern:
** Paisaci Prakrit:
*** Vracada Apabhramsa:
**** Punjabi: sūtī
    Gurmukhi script: ਸੂਤੀ
    Shahmukhi script: سُوتِی
* Western:
** Gujarati: સુતરિયો (sutriyo)
* → Middle Chinese: 修多羅 (MC sjuw ta la)
** Mandarin: 修多羅 / 修多罗 (xiūduōluō)
* → Old Khmer: [script needed] (sūtra)
** Khmer: សូត្រ (sout)
* → Old Malay: [script needed] (sūtra)
** Classical Malay: سوترا (sutĕra)
*** Malay: sutera
**** Indonesian: sutra
*** → Maranao: sotra'
** → Old Tagalog: ᜐᜓᜆ᜔ᜎ (sutla)
*** Tagalog: sutla
* → Old Tamil: 𑀘𑀽𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀭𑀫𑁆 (cūttiram)
* → Old Uyghur: [script needed] (sudur)
** → Middle Mongol: ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ (sudur)
*** Classical Mongolian: ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ (sudur)
**** Mongolian: судар (sudar)
* → English: sutra
* → French: soutra
* → German: Sutra
* → Norwegian Bokmål: sutra
* → Polish: sutra
* → Portuguese: sutra
* → Serbo-Croatian: sutra

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “सूत्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1241.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sutra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 781