OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# քառասուն
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian քառասուն (kʻaṙasun); see below.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /kʰɑrɑˈsun/, [kʰɑrɑsún]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kɑɾɑˈsun/, [kʰɑɾɑsún]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Numeral

քառասուն • (kʻaṙasun)
* forty

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwr̥̄ḱomt, from earlier *kʷétwr̥dḱomt.

### Numeral

քառասուն • (kʻaṙasun)
* forty
    սուրբ քառասունք ― surb kʻaṙasunkʻ ― the forty martyrs [of Sebaste]
    էր ամաց քառասնից ― ēr amacʻ kʻaṙasnicʻ ― he was forty years old
    ամս երկու ընդ քառասնիւ ― ams erku ənd kʻaṙasniw ― forty two years
    քաղաքս ութ առ քառասնիւք ― kʻałakʻs utʻ aṙ kʻaṙasniwkʻ ― forty eight cities
    քառասուն քառասուն զպահքն լուծանել ― kʻaṙasun kʻaṙasun zpahkʻn lucanel ― break the fast once in forty days

#### Derived terms

* քառասնաթիւ (kʻaṙasnatʻiw)
* քառասնահասկ (kʻaṙasnahask)
* քառասնաղի (kʻaṙasnałi)
* քառասնամեայ (kʻaṙasnameay)
* քառասնամեան (kʻaṙasnamean)
* քառասնամոլ (kʻaṙasnamol)
* քառասնամութիւն (kʻaṙasnamutʻiwn)
* քառասնաշառաւեղ (kʻaṙasnašaṙaweł)
* քառասնաշառաւիղ (kʻaṙasnašaṙawił)
* քառասնաշար (kʻaṙasnašar)
* քառասնապահ (kʻaṙasnapah)
* քառասնապսակ (kʻaṙasnapsak)
* քառասնաջահ (kʻaṙasnaǰah)
* քառասնաջով (kʻaṙasnaǰov)
* քառասնեակ (kʻaṙasneak)
* քառասնեայ (kʻaṙasneay)
* քառասնեկի (kʻaṙasneki)
* քառասնեկին (kʻaṙasnekin)
* քառասներ (kʻaṙasner)
* քառասներեակ (kʻaṙasnereak)
* քառասներորդ (kʻaṙasnerord)
* քառասնեքեան (kʻaṙasnekʻean)
* քառասնեքին (kʻaṙasnekʻin)
* քառասնոստ (kʻaṙasnost)
* քառասնորդ (kʻaṙasnord)
* քառասնօր (kʻaṙasnōr)
* քառասնօրեայ (kʻaṙasnōreay)
* քառասունեւիննկանգնեան (kʻaṙasunewinnkangnean)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: քառասուն (kʻaṙasun)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “քառասուն”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “քառասուն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “քառասուն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
# pacifico
## English
### Etymology

Spanish

### Noun

pacifico (plural pacificos)
* (historical) A peaceful native in Cuba or the Philippines who did not oppose Spanish colonization.
** Harper's Weekly
    While we were going through the woods one of the pacificos pointed to a new grave.

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈt͡ʃi.fi.ko/
* Rhymes: -ifiko
* Hyphenation: pa‧cì‧fi‧co

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin pacificus.

#### Adjective

pacifico (feminine pacifica, masculine plural pacifici, feminine plural pacifiche)
* peaceable, peaceful

##### Derived terms

* pacificamente

##### Related terms

* pace
* pacificare

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

pacifico
* first-person singular present indicative of pacificare

### Further reading

* pacifico$^1$ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Etymology

From pāx (“peace”) + faciō (“I do, make”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /paːˈki.fi.koː/, [päːˈkɪfɪkoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /paˈt͡ʃi.fi.ko/, [päˈt͡ʃiːfiko]

### Verb

pācificō (present infinitive pācificāre, perfect active pācificāvī, supine pācificātum); first conjugation
* (intransitive) to make, negotiate or arrange peace
* (transitive) to pacify, appease, placate

#### Synonyms

* (pacify): pācō

#### Derived terms

* pācificātiō
* pācificātor

#### Related terms

* pācālis
* pācātē
* pācātiō
* pācātor
* pācātōrius
* pācātrīx
* pācātum
* pācātus
* pācifer
* pācificātōrius
* pācificātrīx
* pācificē
* pācificus
* pācō
* pāx

#### Descendants

Through Vulgar Latin:
* Catalan: apaivagar
* Portuguese: paziguar, apaziguar
* Spanish: apaciguar
Romance borrowings:
* Catalan: pacificar
* French: pacifier
* Italian: pacificare
* Occitan: pacificar
* Portuguese: pacificar
* Romanian: pacifica
* Spanish: pacificar
Non-Romance borrowings:
* Dutch: pacificeren
* English: pacify (through French)
* Ido: pacigar (through Portuguese)
* Interlingua: pacificar
* Polish: pacyfikować
* Swedish: pacificera

### References

* “pacifico”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “pacifico”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* pacifico in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Portuguese
### Verb

pacifico
* first-person singular present indicative of pacificar

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /paθiˈfiko/ [pa.θiˈfi.ko]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /pasiˈfiko/ [pa.siˈfi.ko]
* Rhymes: -iko
* Syllabification: pa‧ci‧fi‧co

### Verb

pacifico
* first-person singular present indicative of pacificar
# -lti
## Finnish
### Etymology

Probably equivalent to -lta (ablative suffix) +‎ -i (lative suffix) (from earlier *-ltik). Compare -sti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /-lti(ˣ)/, [-l̪t̪i(ʔ)]

### Suffix

-lti
* Forms adverbs from some adjectives, that mean "in the manner of being something".
    Levitin leivälle paksulti voita.I spread a thick layer of butter on the bread.
    Olen pitkälti sitä mieltä, että...I am, by and large, of the opinion that...
    Ongelmamme johtuvat paljolti siitä, että...A lot of our problems are due to the fact that...

#### Usage notes

* The meaning is roughly the same as that of -sti (“-ly”). The corresponding English expressions are not necessarily obvious.
** -sti is much more common than -lti; the latter is much less productive.
* Some derivations are probably better understood as words in their own right, e.g. silti, kosolti, viljalti.
# cyclize
## English
### Alternative forms

* cyclise

### Etymology

From cycle +‎ -ize.

### Verb

cyclize (third-person singular simple present cyclizes, present participle cyclizing, simple past and past participle cyclized)
* (chemistry, transitive, intransitive) To undergo, or cause to undergo, a reaction resulting in the formation of an aromatic or ring structure.
** 2012, Donald S. Matteson, Stereodirected Synthesis with Organoboranes, page 96:Thus, at 135°C, 223 cyclizes with loss of propene to the borinene 229, which then rearranges to other products.

#### Derived terms

* cyclizable
* cyclization
* decyclizing
* recyclize
# գիւղ
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* գեաւղ (geawł), գեղ (geł), գևղ (gewł), գեօղ (geōł)

### Etymology

The origin is uncertain. The older spelling is either գևղ (gewł) or գեղ (geł). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to crowd together”) with a semantic shift ‘crowd’ → ‘village’ and cognate with Ancient Greek εἰλέω (eiléō, “to assemble”), ἁλία (halía, “assembly of people”); the nominative would be from Proto-Indo-European *wél-ōy, the genitive գեղջ (gełǰ) from Proto-Indo-European *wel-y-ós.
Ačaṙean explains the genitive-dative գեղջ (gełǰ) by contraction from *գևեղ (*geweł), the supposed regular genitive-dative of r-type գևղ (gewł), with the addition of the “augmentative genitive-dative marker” -ջ (-ǰ). See also ալիւր (aliwr), -ոջ (-oǰ).

### Noun

գիւղ • (giwł)
* village; country
    գնալ, բնակել ի գիւղ ― gnal, bnakel i giwł ― to go to or live in the country

#### Derived terms

* անգևղ (angewł)
* անգեօղ (angeōł)
* անգիւղ (angiwł)
* աւանագեօղ (awanageōł)
* գեղաստանեայք (gełastaneaykʻ)
* գեղաքաղաք (gełakʻałakʻ)
* գեղջային (gełǰayin)
* գեղջաւագ (gełǰawag)
* գեղջեայ (gełǰeay)
* գեղջերէց (gełǰerēcʻ)
* գեղջկաբանեմ (gełǰkabanem)
* գեղջկապէս (gełǰkapēs)
* գեղջուկ (gełǰuk)
* գեղօրեք (gełōrekʻ)
* գևղեան (gewłean)
* գևղջացի (gewłǰacʻi)
* գեօղաստայք (geōłastaykʻ)
* գեօղաստեայք (geōłasteaykʻ)
* գիւղաքաղաք (giwłakʻałakʻ)
* գիւղեան (giwłean)
* լեռնագիւղ (leṙnagiwł)
* քաղաքագևղ (kʻałakʻagewł)
* քաղաքագեօղ (kʻałakʻageōł)
* քաղաքագիւղ (kʻałakʻagiwł)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: գյուղ (gyuġ)
* Middle Armenian:
** →? Old Anatolian Turkish: كوی (köy), كُوكْ (köğ)
*** Ottoman Turkish: كوی (köy), كوك (köğ), كوو (köv)
**** Turkish: köy
**** → Crimean Tatar: köy

### References

* Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1944) “Haykakankʻ A [Armeniaca I]”, in HSSṘ GA Teġekagir hasarakakan gitutʻyunneri [Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR: Social Sciences]‎ (in Armenian), number 5, page 29 of 25–30
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “Haykakankʻ (Armeniaca)”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 628a
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “գիւղ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “գիւղ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 217
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գիւղ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# alama ya barabarani
## Swahili
### Noun

alama ya barabarani class IX (plural alama za barabarani class X)
* traffic sign
# ущелина
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

By surface analysis, у- (u-) +‎ щіль (ščilʹ) +‎ -ина (-yna). Compare Russian уще́лье (uščélʹje).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʊʃˈt͡ʃɛɫenɐ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

уще́лина • (uščélyna) f inan (genitive уще́лини, nominative plural уще́лини, genitive plural уще́лин)
* ravine, gorge
    Synonyms: міжгі́р'я n (mižhírʺja), щі́ли́на f (ščílýna), яр m (jar)
    Hyponym: каньйо́н m (kanʹjón)

#### Related terms

* уще́листий (uščélystyj)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “ущелина”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “ущелина”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “ущелина”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “ущелина”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “ущелина”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “ущелина”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# hilera
## Spanish
### Etymology

From hilo (“thread”) +‎ -era. Cognate with Portuguese fileira, Portuguese fieira, Galician fieira.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iˈleɾa/ [iˈle.ɾa]
* Rhymes: -eɾa
* Syllabification: hi‧le‧ra

### Noun

hilera f (plural hileras)
* row, windrow
    coches estacionados en hileracars parked in a row
** (knitting) a row of stitches knit flat (not in the round)

### Further reading

* “hilera”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* helera
* ilera

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish hilera, but with the silent ⟨h⟩ pronounced as /h/.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /hiˈleɾa/ [hɪˈlɛː.ɾɐ], (colloquial) /heˈleɾa/ [hɛˈlɛː.ɾɐ]
* Rhymes: -eɾa
* Syllabification: hi‧le‧ra

### Noun

hilera (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜒᜎᜒᜇ)
* row; line; file
    Synonyms: hanay, pila, linya, halayhay

#### Derived terms

* hile-hilera
* hilerahan
* hilerahin
* humilera
* ihilera
* kahilera
* maghilera
* magkahilera
* pahilerahin

#### Related terms

* pila

### Further reading

* “hilera”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 322
# kontraspionase
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed kontra- +‎ spionase, from Dutch contraspionage.

### Noun

kontraspionase (uncountable)
* counterintelligence, counterespionage.

#### Related terms

* spion
* spionase
# regenerar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin regenerāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [rə.ʒə.nəˈɾa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [re.d͡ʒe.neˈɾaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

regenerar (first-person singular present regenero, first-person singular preterite regenerí, past participle regenerat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/
* (transitive) to generate, create

#### Related terms

* regeneració
* regenerador
* regeneratiu

### Further reading

* “regenerar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “regenerar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “regenerar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “regenerar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto regeneri, English regenerate, French régénérer, German regenerieren, Italian rigenerare, Spanish regenerar, from Latin regenerō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /reɡeneˈrar/

### Verb

regenerar (present tense regeneras, past tense regeneris, future tense regeneros, imperative regenerez, conditional regenerus)
* (transitive) to regenerate, generate anew, cause to be born again

#### Conjugation
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin regenerāre. Piecewise doublet of regerar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.ʒe.neˈɾa(ʁ)/ [he.ʒe.neˈɾa(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.ʒe.neˈɾa(ʁ)/ [he.ʒe.neˈɾa(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ʁe.ʒe.neˈɾa(ɾ)/ [he.ʒe.neˈɾa(ɾ)]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ʁe.ʒe.neˈɾa(ʁ)/ [χe.ʒe.neˈɾa(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.ʒe.neˈɾa(ɻ)/ [he.ʒe.neˈɾa(ɻ)]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɨ.ʒɨ.nɨˈɾaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɨ.ʒɨ.nɨˈɾaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ʁɨ.ʒɨ.nɨˈɾa.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: re‧ge‧ne‧rar

### Verb

regenerar (first-person singular present regenero, first-person singular preterite regenerei, past participle regenerado)
* (transitive) to regenerate

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Related terms

* regeneração
* regenerador
* regenerativo

### Further reading

* “regenerar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin regenerāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rexeneˈɾaɾ/ [re.xe.neˈɾaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: re‧ge‧ne‧rar

### Verb

regenerar (first-person singular present regenero, first-person singular preterite regeneré, past participle regenerado)
* (transitive) to regenerate

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* regeneración
* regenerador
* regenerativo

### Further reading

* “regenerar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# препоручовац
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

From препоручиц (preporučic) +‎ -овац (-ovac). By surface analysis, пре- (pre-) +‎ поручовац (poručovac).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prɛpɔruˈt͡ʃɔvat͡s]
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡s
* Hyphenation: пре‧по‧ру‧чо‧вац

### Verb

препоручовац (preporučovac) impf (perfective препоручиц)
* (transitive) to recommend

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* препоручованє n (preporučovanje)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “препоручовац”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “recommend”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 241
# cardiodynia
## English
### Etymology

From cardi- +‎ -odynia.

### Noun

cardiodynia
* (pathology) pain in the heart

### See also

* angina
* angina pectoris
* cardialgia
* cardialgy
* heartburn
# -ხელა
## Georgian
### Etymology

Perhaps ხელი (xeli, “hand”) +‎ -ა (-a).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [χeɫa]

### Suffix

-ხელა • (-xela)
* Attaches to a pronoun in the genitive case to form an adjective denoting equivalence of size; this deletes the pronoun's final -ი or -ის
    ‎მე (me, “me”) + ‎-ხელა (-xela) → ‎ჩემხელა (čemxela, “my size, the same size as me”)
    ‎ეს (es, “this”) + ‎-ხელა (-xela) → ‎ამხელა (amxela, “this large, as big as this”)

#### Derived terms

* ამხელა (amxela)
* იმხელა (imxela)
* შენხელა (šenxela)
* ჩემხელა (čemxela)
* მაგხელა (magxela)
* ჩვენხელა (čvenxela)
* თქვენხელა (tkvenxela)
# 淡い
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 淡
* あわ Grade: S
* kun'yomi

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あわい [àwáꜜì] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [a̠β̞a̠i]

### Adjective

淡(あわ)い • (awai) -i (adverbial 淡(あわ)く (awaku))
* pale; light
    淡(あわ)い水(みず)色(いろ)のシャツを着(き)ていた。
       Awai mizuiro no shatsu o kiteita.
       He was wearing a pastel blue shirt.
* dim; indistinct; low in contrast; less in degree
    淡(あわ)い霧(きり)につつまれている。
       Awai kiri ni tsutsumarete iru.
       It is surrounded by thin fog.
    彼(かれ)に淡(あわ)い期(き)待(たい)をよせている。
       Kare ni awai kitai o yosete iru.
       I have low expectations of him.

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 淡かろ | あわかろ | awakaro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 淡く | あわく | awaku |
| Terminal (終止形) | 淡い | あわい | awai |
| Attributive (連体形) | 淡い | あわい | awai |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 淡けれ | あわけれ | awakere |
| Imperative (命令形) | 淡かれ | あわかれ | awakare |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 淡くない | あわくない | awaku nai |
| Informal past | 淡かった | あわかった | awakatta |
| Informal negative past | 淡くなかった | あわくなかった | awaku nakatta |
| Formal | 淡いです | あわいです | awai desu |
| Formal negative | 淡くないです | あわくないです | awaku nai desu |
| Formal past | 淡かったです | あわかったです | awakatta desu |
| Formal negative past | 淡くなかったです | あわくなかったです | awaku nakatta desu |
| Conjunctive | 淡くて | あわくて | awakute |
| Conditional | 淡ければ | あわければ | awakereba |
| Provisional | 淡かったら | あわかったら | awakattara |
| Volitional | 淡かろう | あわかろう | awakarō |
| Adverbial | 淡く | あわく | awaku |
| Degree | 淡さ | あわさ | awasa |

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# κάρρον
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* κάρρος m (kárrhos)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin carrum, neuter of carrus (see the variant κάρρος m (kárrhos)), itself from Proto-Celtic *karros (“wagon”). Also see the Italian carro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkar.ron/ → /ˈka.ron/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈkar.ron/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈkar.ron/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈkar.ron/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈka.ron/

### Noun

κάρρον • (kárrhon) n (genitive κάρρου); second declension (Koine)
* car, cart

#### Derived terms

* καρρικός (karrhikós)
* καρροπηγός (karrhopēgós)
* καρροποιός (karrhopoiós)

#### Descendants

* > Greek: κάρο n (káro) (inherited)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κάρρον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 650

### Further reading

* “κάρρον”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
* “κάρρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
# արցունք
## Armenian
### Etymology

A dialectal development of Middle Armenian արտասունք (artasunkʻ), from Old Armenian արտասուք (artasukʻ).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑɾˈt͡sʰunkʰ/, [ɑɾt͡sʰúŋkʰ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑɾˈt͡sunk/, [ɑɾt͡sʰúŋkʰ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

արցունք • (arcʻunkʻ)
* tear
    Synonyms: արտասուք (artasukʻ), արտոսր (artosr)
    արցունքներ թափել ― arcʻunkʻner tʻapʻel ― to shed tears
    կոկորդիլոսի արցունքներ ― kokordilosi arcʻunkʻner ― crocodile tears

#### Derived terms

* արցունքաբեր (arcʻunkʻaber)
# petrarchismo
## Italian
### Etymology

From Petrarca (“Petrarch”) +‎ -ismo (“-ism”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pe.trarˈki.zmo/
* Rhymes: -izmo
* Hyphenation: pe‧trar‧chì‧smo

### Noun

petrarchismo m (plural petrarchismi)
* (countable or uncountable, literature) Petrarchism

#### Related terms

* petrarcheggiare
* petrarchesco
* petrarchista
# yedek parça
## Turkish
### Etymology

Compound of yedek (“spare, backup”) +‎ parça (“piece, part, unit”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jeˈdec.paɾ.t͡ʃa/
* Hyphenation: ye‧dek‧par‧ça

### Noun

yedek parça (definite accusative yedek parçayı, plural yedek parçalar)
* A spare part for a machine, backup, replacement.

#### Derived terms

* yedek parçacı

#### Related terms

* yedek lastik
* yedek oyuncu
* yedek subay

### Further reading

* “yedek parça”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “yedek parça”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5268
# 许时间
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 许时间 – see 許時間 (“at that time; in those days; back then”). (This term is the simplified form of 許時間).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# ляд
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak ľad, from Proto-Slavic *ledъ. Cognate to Slovak ľad.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʎat]
* Rhymes: -at
* Hyphenation: ляд

### Noun

ляд (ljad) m inan (related adjective лядови)
* ice
* (meteorology) hail

#### Derived terms

* лядзик m inan (ljadzik)
* ляднїк m inan (ljadnjik)
* сладоляд m inan (sladoljad)

#### Related terms

* лядзенє n (ljadzenje)
* лядовица f (ljadovica)
* лядовня f (ljadovnja)
* лядзиц (ljadzic)

### Further reading

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “ляд”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
# ὅμαδος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

The formation is similar to ἄραδος (árados), κέλαδος (kélados) and χρόμαδος (khrómados). Usually connected with Sanskrit समद् (samad, “strife, battle”). The word could belong to ὁμάζω (homázō, “to growl”) and thus of onomatopoeic origin, although DELG rejects this comparison because of the semantics.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hó.ma.dos/ → /ˈo.ma.ðos/ → /ˈo.ma.ðos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hó.ma.dos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈ(h)o.ma.dos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈo.ma.ðos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈo.ma.ðos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈo.ma.ðos/

### Noun

ὅμᾰδος • (hómădos) m (genitive ὅμᾰ́δου); second declension
* noise, din, especially of the voices of men
* throng or mob of warriors
* din of battle
    Synonym: κῠδοιμός (kŭdoimós)

#### Derived terms

* ὁμαδεύω (homadeúō)
* ὁμαδέω (homadéō)
* ὁμαδίς (homadís)

### Further reading

* “ὅμαδος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* ὅμαδος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# urging
## English
### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈɝd͡ʒɪŋ/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɜːd͡ʒɪŋ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)dʒɪŋ
* Hyphenation: urging

### Verb

urging
* present participle and gerund of urge

### Anagrams

* gruing