# 戕

| 戕 | U+6215, &#25109; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6215 |
| ← 戔 [U+6214] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 或 → [U+6216] |

## Translingual
### Han character

戕 (Kangxi radical 62, 戈+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女一戈 (VMI) or 難女一戈 (XVMI), four-corner 2325$_0$, composition ⿰爿戈)

#### Derived characters

* 臧, 𡸤

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 412, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11562
* Dae Jaweon: page 754, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1403, character 7
* Unihan data for U+6215

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 戕
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 臧 | *ʔsaːŋ |
| 牂 | *ʔsaːŋ |
| 戕 | *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ |
| 贓 | *ʔsaːŋ |
| 藏 | *zaːŋ, *zaːŋs |
| 奘 | *zaːŋʔ, *zaːŋs |
| 臟 | *zaːŋs |
| 將 | *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs |
| 漿 | *ʔsaŋ |
| 鱂 | *ʔsaŋ |
| 蔣 | *ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ |
| 螿 | *ʔsaŋ |
| 槳 | *ʔsaŋʔ |
| 獎 | *ʔsaŋʔ |
| 醬 | *ʔsaŋs |
| 鏘 | *sʰaŋ |
| 蹡 | *sʰaŋ, *ʔshaŋs |
| 嶈 | *sʰaŋ |
| 斨 | *sʰaŋ |
| 爿 | *braːn, *zaŋ |
| 牆 | *zaŋ |
| 妝 | *ʔsraŋ |
| 莊 | *ʔsraŋ |
| 裝 | *ʔsraŋ, *ʔsraŋs |
| 壯 | *ʔsraŋs |
| 疒 | *rnɯːɡ, *zraŋ |
| 床 | *zraŋ |
| 牀 | *zraŋ |
| 狀 | *zraŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ) : phonetic 爿 (OC *braːn, *zaŋ) + semantic 戈 (“dagger-axe”)

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiāng, qiáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄤ, ㄑㄧㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhiâng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciang
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiang$^1$
*** Yale: chyāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiang
*** Palladius: цян (cjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciáng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiang$^2$
*** Yale: chyáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyang
*** Palladius: цян (cjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: coeng$^4$
*** Yale: chèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiâng
*** Tâi-lô: tshiâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiaang
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiaŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiaŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiaŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiaŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiaŋ²³/
* Middle Chinese: ka, dzjang, tsang
Rime :
| Character | 戕 | 戕 | 戕 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 從 (15) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) | 陽 (105) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III | I |
| Fanqie | 古俄切 | 在良切 | 則郎切 |
| Baxter | ka | dzjang | tsang |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑ/ | /d͡zɨɐŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑ/ | /d͡ziɐŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑ/ | /d͡ziɑŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ka/ | /d͡zɨaŋ/ | /t͡saŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑ/ | /d͡ziaŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑ/ | /d͡zĭaŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑ/ | /d͡zʱi̯aŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gē | qiáng | zāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | go$^1$ | coeng$^4$ | zong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːl/, /*ʔsaːŋ/, /*zaŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 戕 | 戕 | 戕 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 3830 | 10279 | 10303 |
| Phonetic component | 戈 | 爿 | 爿 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 歌 | 臧 | 牆 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːl/ | /*ʔsaːŋ/ | /*zaŋ/ |
| Notes | 同牁 | 亦作牂 | |

#### Definitions

戕
* to kill
* to harm
* to destroy
* (historical) an ancient axe
    From: Shuowen Jiezi, circa 2nd century CE
    Qiāng: qiǎng yě. Tā guó chén lái shì jūn yuē qiāng. Cóng gē qiáng shēng. [Pinyin]
    [The character] 戕 [means] [a kind of] axe indeed. Other country's officer comes [to] kill [the] king is said to be 戕. [Its] radical [is] 戈 [and is pronounced] with 爿's sound.

#### Usage notes

* Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation qiáng.

#### Compounds

* 戕害 (qiānghài)
* 戕害不辜 (qiānghàibùgū)
* 戕敗 / 戕败
* 戕賊 / 戕贼
* 自戕 (zìqiāng)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zāng (zang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄤ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zang
*** Wade–Giles: tsang$^1$
*** Yale: dzāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzang
*** Palladius: цзан (czan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: ka, dzjang, tsang
Rime :
| Character | 戕 | 戕 | 戕 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 從 (15) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) | 陽 (105) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III | I |
| Fanqie | 古俄切 | 在良切 | 則郎切 |
| Baxter | ka | dzjang | tsang |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑ/ | /d͡zɨɐŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑ/ | /d͡ziɐŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑ/ | /d͡ziɑŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ka/ | /d͡zɨaŋ/ | /t͡saŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑ/ | /d͡ziaŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑ/ | /d͡zĭaŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑ/ | /d͡zʱi̯aŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gē | qiáng | zāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | go$^1$ | coeng$^4$ | zong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːl/, /*ʔsaːŋ/, /*zaŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 戕 | 戕 | 戕 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 3830 | 10279 | 10303 |
| Phonetic component | 戈 | 爿 | 爿 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 歌 | 臧 | 牆 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːl/ | /*ʔsaːŋ/ | /*zaŋ/ |
| Notes | 同牁 | 亦作牂 | |

#### Definitions

戕
* Only used in 戕牁.

### Etymology 3

More likely, this is a misplaced pronunciation.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kē (ke$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄜ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kē
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄜ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ke
*** Wade–Giles: kʻo$^1$
*** Yale: kē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ke
*** Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: ka, dzjang, tsang
Rime :
| Character | 戕 | 戕 | 戕 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 從 (15) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) | 陽 (105) | 唐 (101) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III | I |
| Fanqie | 古俄切 | 在良切 | 則郎切 |
| Baxter | ka | dzjang | tsang |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɑ/ | /d͡zɨɐŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɑ/ | /d͡ziɐŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɑ/ | /d͡ziɑŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ka/ | /d͡zɨaŋ/ | /t͡saŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kɑ/ | /d͡ziaŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kɑ/ | /d͡zĭaŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kɑ/ | /d͡zʱi̯aŋ/ | /t͡sɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gē | qiáng | zāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | go$^1$ | coeng$^4$ | zong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kaːl/, /*ʔsaːŋ/, /*zaŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 戕 | 戕 | 戕 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 3830 | 10279 | 10303 |
| Phonetic component | 戈 | 爿 | 爿 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 歌 | 臧 | 牆 |
| Old Chinese | /*kaːl/ | /*ʔsaːŋ/ | /*zaŋ/ |
| Notes | 同牁 | 亦作牂 | |

#### Definitions

戕
* Alternative form of 牁 (kē)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* kill
* slay
* wound
* injure
* hurt

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぞう (zō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)
* On: さん (san)、そう (sō)
* Kun: ころす (korosu, 戕す)、そこなう (sokonau, 戕なう)

#### Compounds

* 戕(しょう)害(がい) (shōgai)
* 戕(しょう)残(ざん) (shōzan)
* 戕(しょう)賊(ぞく) (shōzoku)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 戕 (MC dzjang).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [장]

### Hanja

Wikisource 戕 (eumhun 죽일 장 (jugil jang))
* kill
* slay
* wound
* injure
* hurt

#### Compounds

* 장명 (戕命, jangmyeong)
* 장살 (戕殺, jangsal)
* 장적 (戕賊, jangjeok)
* 장해 (戕害, janghae)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

戕: Hán Nôm readings: tường
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.