OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# altero
## Catalan
### Verb

altero
* first-person singular present indicative of alterar

## Galician
### Verb

altero
* first-person singular present indicative of alterar

## Italian
### Alternative forms

* altiero (archaic or poetic)

### Etymology 1

From alto (“high, tall”) +‎ -iero; alto is from Latin altus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“to grow; to nourish”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /alˈtɛ.ro/
* Rhymes: -ɛro
* Hyphenation: al‧tè‧ro

#### Adjective

altero (feminine altera, masculine plural alteri, feminine plural altere)
* (obsolete) high, elevated
    Synonyms: alto, elevato
    Antonym: basso
* (figurative) majestic; dignified
    Synonyms: dignitoso, maestoso
* (figurative) proud; haughty
    Synonyms: fiero, superbo
* (figurative, literary) unyielding, stubborn
    Synonym: sdegnoso

##### Derived terms

* alteramente
* alterezza
* alterigia

#### Further reading

* altero in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈal.te.ro/
* Rhymes: -altero
* Hyphenation: àl‧te‧ro

#### Verb

altero
* first-person singular present indicative of alterare

### Anagrams

* altore, latore, oltre a, orlate, ortale, ratelo, rotale, telaro

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈal.te.roː/, [ˈäɫ̪t̪ɛroː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈal.te.ro/, [ˈäl̪t̪ero]

### Etymology 1

From alter +‎ -ō.

#### Verb

alterō (present infinitive alterāre, perfect active alterāvī, supine alterātum); first conjugation
* (Medieval Latin) to change, alter

##### Derived terms

* alterātiō

##### Descendants

* Asturian: alterar
* Catalan: alterar
* Old French: alterer
** French: altérer
** → English: alter
* Friulian: alterâ
* Galician: alterar
* Italian: alterare
* Occitan: alterar
* Piedmontese: alteré
* Portuguese: alterar
* Romanian: altera
* Spanish: alterar
* → English: alterate

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

alterō
* ablative masculine/neuter singular of alter

### References

* altero in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* altero in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɛɾu

### Verb

altero
* first-person singular present indicative of alterar

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /alˈteɾo/ [al̪ˈt̪e.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -eɾo
* Syllabification: al‧te‧ro

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

altero m (plural alteros)
* a pile, stack

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

altero
* first-person singular present indicative of alterar

### Further reading

* “altero”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Festival of Weeks
## English
### Proper noun

the Festival of Weeks
* Shavuot.
# Bohol
## English
### Etymology

From Spanish Bohol, from Cebuano Bohol.

### Pronunciation

* (Philippines) IPA: /boˈhol/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈboʊhɔl/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈbəʊhɔːl/
* (General Australian) IPA: /ˈbəʉhoːl ~ ˈbɐʉhoːl/

### Proper noun

Bohol
* A province of Central Visayas, Visayas, Philippines. Capital and largest city: Tagbilaran
* An island in Central Visayas, Visayas, Philippines

#### Related terms

* Bohol Sea

#### Translations
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From bo-ol, a fruit that flourished in the area where Miguel Lopez de Legazpi supposedly landed. Attested in 1582 as Spanish Vohol.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: Bo‧hol
* IPA: /boˈhol/ [boˈhol̪]

### Proper noun

Bohól
* Bohol (a province of Central Visayas, Visayas, Philippines; capital and largest city: Tagbilaran)
* Bohol (an island in Central Visayas, Visayas, Philippines)
* a toponymic surname from Cebuano signifying origin from the island or province of Bohol

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:Bohol.

#### Derived terms

* Bol-anon

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* Bojol (obsolete)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Cebuano Bohol.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /boˈol/ [boˈol]
* Rhymes: -ol
* Syllabification: Bo‧hol

### Proper noun

Bohol ?
* Bohol (a province of Central Visayas, Visayas, Philippines; capital and largest city: Tagbilaran)
* Bohol (an island in Central Visayas, Visayas, Philippines)

#### Derived terms

* boholano

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish Bohol, from Cebuano buol (“Ixora philippinensis”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /boˈhol/ [boˈhol]
* Rhymes: -ol
* Syllabification: Bo‧hol

### Proper noun

Bohól (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜑᜓᜎ᜔)
* Bohol (a province of Central Visayas, Visayas, Philippines; capital and largest city: Tagbilaran)
* Bohol (an island in Central Visayas, Visayas, Philippines)
# fascially
## English
### Etymology

From fascial +‎ -ly.

### Adverb

fascially (not comparable)
* By, from, or about a fascia; in a manner that involves a fascia.

#### Related terms

* suprafascially
# ríj
## Hungarian
### Alternative forms

* ríjál

### Etymology

rí +‎ -j

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈriːj]
* Hyphenation: ríj
* Rhymes: -iːj

### Verb

ríj
* second-person singular subjunctive present indefinite of rí
# zdvořilý
## Czech
### Etymology

From dvůr, compare French courtois and German höflich.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzdvor̝ɪliː]

### Adjective

zdvořilý (comparative zdvořilejší, superlative nejzdvořilejší, adverb zdvořile)
* polite

#### Derived terms

* zdvořilost

### Further reading

* “zdvořilý”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “zdvořilý”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “zdvořilý”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# zjebka
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzjɛp.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛpka
* Syllabification: zjeb‧ka

### Noun

zjebka f (augmentative zjeba)
* (vulgar) lecture; sharp criticism

#### Related terms

* najebka
* samojebka
* zjebać

### Further reading

* zjebka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# escurar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *excūrāre (“to clean”), from cūrāre (“to look after”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [əs.kuˈɾa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [es.kuˈɾaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

escurar (first-person singular present escuro, first-person singular preterite escurí, past participle escurat)
* to wash up the dishware
* to clean, clean out
* to empty fully from food or drink

#### Derived terms

* escura-xemeneies
* escurabutxaques
* escuracassoles
* escurada
* escuradents
* escurador
* escuraflascons
* escurament

### Further reading

* “escurar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “escurar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “escurar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
# aucellus
## Latin
### Etymology

Masculinisation of aucella, contraction of avicella, diminutive of avicula, itself a diminutive of avis f (“bird”). Attested from the fourth century CE.

### Noun

aucellus m (genitive aucellī); second declension (Late Latin)
* (little) bird
* (Can we verify this sense?) sparrow

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: acellu, ucellu, ocellu, aceddu
** Istriot: uzai pl
** Italian: uccello
*** → Ido: ucelo
** Neapolitan: auciello
** Sicilian: auceḍḍu, aceḍḍu, âceddu, 'uceḍḍu, 'ceḍḍu, aucieḍḍu, aucjeḍḍu, anceḍḍu
* North Italian:
** Gallo-Italic:
*** Emilian: usel
*** Ligurian: öxéllo, ouxello, euxèl
*** Lombard: olcell, oxell
*** Piedmontese: osel, ausel, usel
** Friulian: uciel
** Romansch: utschè, utschi (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan), utschel (Surmiran)
** Venetan: oxeło, oxèƚo, oxèl, oṡeo, oseo
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: usél
** Old French: oisel, hoysel, oesel, oicel, oisal, oiseal, oiseaul, oiseel, oiseil, oisell, oiseul, oisil, oisseil, oissel, osel, ossel, oyseal, oysel, oysele, yseal
*** Angevin: oisiau
*** Bourbonnais-Berrichon: oisiau
*** Bourguignon: ouseâ
*** Champenois: ôgé
*** Franc-Comtois: ôsé
*** French: oiseau
*** Gallo: ouézai
*** Lorrain: ougeil, ougé (Barrois)
*** Norman: ouaîsé, ouésé, ouaîthé, weze
*** Poitevin-Saintongeais: osea
*** Picard: oisieu
*** Walloon: oujhea
* Occitano-Romance:
** Old Catalan: auzell, ausel, aucel
*** Catalan: ocell, aucell, auzell
** Gascon: ausèth, aujèth
** Old Occitan: auzel, aucel, ausel, auzelh
*** Occitan: aucèl, ausèl, auseu
    Southern Lengadocian: ausèlh
    Vivaro-Alpine: oseu
*** → Italian: augello

### References

* ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “aucellus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 25: Refonte Apaideutos–Azymus, page 796
* ↑ “Archived copy of AUCELLUS”, in DicoLatin‎, 2016 June 13 (last accessed), archived from the original on 29 April 2019
# Nacktheit
## German
### Etymology

nackt (“naked”) +‎ -heit

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnakthaɪ̯t/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Nacktheit f (genitive Nacktheit, plural Nacktheiten)
* nudity

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Nacktheit” in Duden online
* “Nacktheit” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# Alas-Kluet Batak
## English
### Adjective

Alas-Kluet Batak (not comparable)
* Relating to the speakers of Alas Batak and Kluet Batak.

### Noun

Alas-Kluet Batak (uncountable)
* Batak languages spoken mainly by the Alas Batak and Kluet Batak ethnic groups in Indonesia and parts of the world.
    The film is also being remade in Alas-Kluet Batak.

#### Related terms

* Batak

### Further reading

* ISO 639-3 code btz (SIL)
* Ethnologue entry for Alas-Kluet Batak, btz ⁠
# rúg
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Ugric *rᴕ̈ŋkɜ- (“to kick, kick at”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈruːɡ]
* Hyphenation: rúg
* Rhymes: -uːɡ

### Verb

rúg
* (transitive) to kick
* (intransitive) to amount to, come to, run into, reach, total (some amount or quantity; used with -ra/-re)
    Az utazási költségek 10 százalékra rúgnak. ― The travel expenses amount to 10 percent.

#### Derived terms

* rugalmas
* ruganyos
* rugdal
* rugdos
* rugó
* rúgás
* rúgós
(With verbal prefixes):
* agyonrúg
* berúg
* belerúg
* elrúg
* félrerúg
* felrúg
* fölrúg
* hátrarúg
* iderúg
* kirúg
* lerúg
* megrúg
* odarúg
* összerúg
* szétrúg
* visszarúg
* az utolsókat, a végsőket rúgja

### References

* ↑ Entry #1840 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
* ↑ rúg in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
* ↑ rúg in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* rúg in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

## Icelandic
### Noun

rúg
* indefinite accusative singular of rúgur
# nezdvořilý
## Czech
### Etymology

From ne- +‎ zdvořilý.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛzdvor̝ɪliː]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

nezdvořilý (adverb nezdvořile)
* impolite
    Antonym: zdvořilý

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “nezdvořilý”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
# Devonwall
## English
### Etymology

Blend of Devon +‎ Cornwall

### Proper noun

Devonwall
* (chiefly derogatory) The merger of local government structures in Devon and Cornwall.
** 2000, Celtic League, Carn, volumes 108-117, page 4:"The Highlands and Islands" phenomenon is the Scottish equivalent of "Devonwall" and all efforts must be made to challenge the creation of any more "Highlands and Islands" institutions which bring together the Highlands and the Northern Isles.
** 2003, Bernard Deacon, Garry Tregidga, Mebyon Kernow and Cornish Nationalism:A conference at Newquay in November 1987, called at the behest of the Duke of Cornwall, allowed the proponents of 'Devonwall' to come up with a proposal for a Devon and Cornwall Development Company.
** 2013, Justin Fisher, Christopher Wlezien, The UK General Election of 2010: Explaining the Outcome, Routledge, →ISBN, page 173:A new power to cross previously sacrosanct English county boundaries will arouse deep controversy in some parts, most notably in the far south-west of England where a 'Devonwall' constituency will become a reality and disappoint electors in both Cornwall and Devon.
** 2014, Derek R. Williams, Following 'An Gof': Leonard Truran, Cornish Activist and Publisher, The Cornovia Press, →ISBN, page 14:Part and parcel of its involvement in such issues as industrial development, a Cornish university and the amalgamation of Cornish and Devonian public bodies (what became known as 'Devonwall') was a more public profile for its leaders.

#### Coordinate terms

* Devon/Cornwall
* Devon & Cornwall
* Devon and Cornwall

#### Related terms

* Cornwall/Devon
* Cornwall & Devon
* Cornwall and Devon

#### See also

* South West England
* South West Peninsula
# dorsalis
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* dorsuālis

### Etymology

From dorsum (“the back”) +‎ -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /dorˈsaː.lis/, [d̪ɔrˈs̠äːlʲɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /dorˈsa.lis/, [d̪orˈsäːlis]

### Adjective

dorsālis (neuter dorsāle); third-declension two-termination adjective (Medieval Latin)
* dorsal; of or pertaining to the back
    Antonym: ventrālis
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

#### Inflection

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

#### Derived terms

* dorsuālia

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: dorsal
* → English: dorsal
* → French: dorsal
* → German: dorsal
* → Italian: dorsale
* → Portuguese: dorsal
* → Romanian: dorsal
* → Spanish: dorsal

### References

* “dorsualis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
# LHC
## English
### Noun

LHC (plural LHCs)
* (biology) Initialism of light-harvesting complex.

### Proper noun

LHC
* (particle physics) Initialism of Large Hadron Collider.
    Coordinate term: FCC

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* LCH, CHL, HCL

## Japanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [e̞ɾɯ̟ e̞t̚t͡ɕi ɕiː]

### Proper noun

LHC(エルエッチシー) • (Eru-Etchi-Shī)
* (particle physics) LHC

#### Synonyms

* 大型(おおがた)ハドロン衝(しょう)突(とつ)型(がた)加(か)速(そく)器(き) (ōgata hadoron shōtotsugata kasokuki)

## Turkish
### Proper noun

LHC
* Initialism of Lugansk Halk Cumhuriyeti: Luhansk People's Republic
# zuber
## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Masovia):
** (Near Masovian) IPA: /ˈzu.bɛr/

### Noun

zuber m inan
* (Near Masovian) Only used in na zuber

#### Derived terms

* na zuber
* zubrówka
* zubrować impf, zezubrować pf

### Further reading

* Władysław Matlakowski (1891) “zuber”, in “Zbiór wyrazów ludowych dawnej ziemi czerskiej”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume 4, Krakow: Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, page 372
# 授勛
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shòuxūn
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄡˋ ㄒㄩㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sau$^6$ fan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shòuxūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄡˋ ㄒㄩㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shòusyun
*** Wade–Giles: shou$^4$-hsün$^1$
*** Yale: shòu-syūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: showshiun
*** Palladius: шоусюнь (šousjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂoʊ̯⁵¹ ɕyn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sau$^6$ fan$^1$
*** Yale: sauh fān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sau$^6$ fan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seo$^6$ fen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐu̯²² fɐn⁵⁵/

### Verb

授勛
* to confer orders or medals
# scsí
## Hungarian
### Alternative forms

* scsi

### Etymology

From Russian щи (šči).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃt͡ʃiː]
* Hyphenation: scsí
* Rhymes: -t͡ʃiː

### Noun

scsí (plural scsík)
* shchi
# good length
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

good length (plural good lengths)
* (cricket) The area on a pitch considered to be the best place to pitch the ball in order to either get the batter out, or restrict them from scoring; the length at which the ball bounces just too far away for it to be comfortably played either on the front foot or the back foot.

### Adjective

good length (not comparable)
* (cricket) Describing a ball so pitched
# Kazań
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian Каза́нь (Kazánʹ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈka.zaɲ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -azaɲ
* Syllabification: Ka‧zań
* Homophone: kazań

### Proper noun

Kazań m inan (related adjective kazański)
* Kazan (the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia)

#### Derived terms

* kazanka
* kazańczyk

#### Related terms

* Kazanka

### Further reading

* Kazań in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# úszás
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From úszik +‎ -ás.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈuːsaːʃ]
* Hyphenation: úszás
* Rhymes: -aːʃ

### Noun

úszás (plural úszások)
* swimming

#### Derived terms

* gyorsúszás
* hátúszás
* mellúszás
* pillangóúszás
* szinkronúszás
* úszásnem
* vegyesúszás

### Further reading

* úszás in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# crotalum
## English
### Etymology

From Latin crotalum, from Ancient Greek κρόταλον (krótalon, “clapper, castanet, rattle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɹəʊtələm/

### Noun

crotalum (plural crotalums or crotala)
* (music) A kind of clapper or castanet used in religious dances by groups in Ancient Greece (including the Korybants) and elsewhere.

#### Translations
## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek κρόταλον (krótalon, “clapper, castanet, rattle”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈkro.ta.lum/, [ˈkrɔt̪äɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈkro.ta.lum/, [ˈkrɔːt̪älum]

### Noun

crotalum n (genitive crotalī); second declension
* castanet

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: cròtal
* → French: crotale
* → English: crotalum
* → Italian: crotalo
** → English: crotalo
* → Portuguese: crótalo
* → Spanish: crótalo

### References

* “crotalum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “crotalum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* crotalum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “crotalum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “crotalum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
# 마찬가지
## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin. From the Middle Korean phrase 마치 ᄒᆞᆫ가지 (Yale: machi honkaci, “of exactly one kind”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ma̠t͡ɕʰa̠nɡa̠d͡ʑi]
* Phonetic hangul: [마찬가지]

### Noun

마찬가지 • (machan'gaji)
* being exactly the same; identical
    나는 그와 마찬가지로 서울 출신이야.Na-neun geu-wa machan'gaji-ro Seoul chulsin-iya.I'm from Seoul, just like him.
# シェリフ
## Japanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English sheriff.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) シェリフ [shéꜜrìfù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕe̞ɾʲiɸɯ̟]

### Noun

シェリフ • (sherifu)
* sheriff

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# abwinken
## German
### Etymology

From ab- +‎ winken, based on the wave of the hand as a gesture of refusal. Compare English wave off.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈapˌvɪŋkən]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

abwinken (weak or mixed, third-person singular present winkt ab, past tense winkte ab, past participle abgewunken or (original but now less common) abgewinkt, auxiliary haben)
* (intransitive) to express disinterest, to wave off (declining an offer, dismissing a question, etc.)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Original but now less common. $^2$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
$^1$Original but now less common.

### Further reading

* “abwinken” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “abwinken” in Duden online
# de liefde bedrijven
## Dutch
### Verb

de liefde bedrijven
* (intransitive, euphemistic) to make love
    Synonyms: vrijen, seksen, van bil gaan, neuken
# avespa
## Fala
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin vespa (“wasp”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈbespa/
* Rhymes: -espa
* Syllabification: a‧ves‧pa

### Noun

avespa f (plural avespas)
* wasp, bee
    Synonym: abella (Lagarteiru, Valverdeñu)

### References

* Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* vespa

### Etymology

Attested since circa 1300 (vespas). From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin vespa. Probably influenced by abella (“bee”). Cognate with Portuguese vespa and Spanish avispa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [aˈβespɐ]

### Noun

avespa f (plural avespas)
* wasp (insect)
    Synonyms: avéspora, nespra
** c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 39:cõmo as [avellas], as vespas, as moscas, os vermẽes et as outras cousas taes cõmo estas, quese nõ entende que as Deus mãdase a Noe meter ẽna arca, nẽ el nõ as meteo em ellaas the bees, the wasps, the flies, the worms and the other things such as these, which one cannot understand how God would have ordered Noah to put in the ark, nor did he put them in it

#### Derived terms

* avespeiro
* avespón
* avéspora
* ter malas vespas

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “avespa”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “vespas”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “avespa”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “avespa”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “avespa”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “avéspora”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
# togliere la parola
## Italian
### Etymology

Literally, “to remove the word.”

### Verb

togliere la parola
* to prevent someone from continuing to talk