# 吠

| 吠 | U+5420, &#21536; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5420 |
| ← 吟 [U+541F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 吡 → [U+5421] |

## Translingual
### Han character

吠 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口戈大 (RIK), four-corner 6303$_4$, composition ⿰口犬)

#### Derived characters

* 𦜀

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 177, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3331
* Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 587, character 2
* Unihan data for U+5420

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 口 (“mouth”) + 犬 (“dog”) – to bark.

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baus (“to bark”); cognate to Mizo bauh (“to bark”) (Schuessler, 2007, 2024). Ultimately onomatopoeic.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): fèi (fei$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fei$^4$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fai$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fei$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): phoi
    (Hailu, HRS): poi$^˖$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): poi$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): bṳ̄
* Eastern Min (BUC): bôi / hiê
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pūi / pǔi / hūi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bui$^7$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): bui$^1$ / bhing$^7$ / kieng$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$fi
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fei$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fèi
*** Wade–Giles: fei$^4$
*** Yale: fèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fey
*** Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /feɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: fei$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fei
*** Sinological IPA : /fei²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fai$^6$
*** Yale: faih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fai$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fei$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐi̯²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: fei$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fei³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phoi
*** Hakka Romanization System: poi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: poi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰoi̯⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: poi$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰoi³³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: poi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰoɪ⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bṳ̄
*** Sinological IPA : /py⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bôi / hiê
*** Sinological IPA : /pui²⁴²/, /hiɛ²⁴²/
* bôi - vernacular;
* hiê - literary.
* Middle Chinese: bjojH
Rime :
| Character | 吠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 廢 (28) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 符廢切 |
| Baxter | bjojH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bʉɐi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bʷiɐi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biuɐi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /biuɐi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭwɐi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯wɐi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fèi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.bo[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*bods/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 吠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fèi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bjoj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.bo[t]-s/ |
| English | bark (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 吠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3127 |
| Phonetic component | 吠 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 吠 |
| Old Chinese | /*bods/ |

### Definitions

吠
* (of a dog) to bark
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Jī míng gǒu fèi xiāng wén, ér dá hū sìjìng. [Pinyin]
    Cocks crow and dogs bark to one another, all the way to the four borders of the State.
** 2008, “阿比仔的心事”, in 林文修 (lyrics), 曹俊鴻 (music), 戀情海, performed by 詹雅雯:
       thiⁿ bōe kng, káu bōe pūi, kóaⁿ-kín chhut-mn̂g lâi chòe-kang [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       Dawn hasn't broken, the dogs haven't barked, they rush out to work
* (Cantonese) to talk nonsense

#### Compounds

* 一吠百聲 / 一吠百声
* 吠厖
* 吠嗥
* 吠堯 / 吠尧
* 吠奢
* 吠尨
* 吠形
* 吠形吠聲 / 吠形吠声
* 吠影吠聲 / 吠影吠声
* 吠日
* 吠犬
* 吠狗
* 吠聲 / 吠声
* 吠舍 (fèishè)
* 吠蛤
* 吠陀 (fèituó)
* 吠雪
* 吠非其主
* 啅吠
* 嗥吠
* 夜珠吠陀
* 桀犬吠堯 / 桀犬吠尧
* 犬不夜吠
* 犬吠
* 犬吠之盜 / 犬吠之盗
* 犬吠之警
* 狂吠 (kuángfèi)
* 狗吠 (gǒufèi)
* 狗吠之警
* 狗吠之驚 / 狗吠之惊
* 狗吠非主
* 狺吠
* 眾犬吠聲 / 众犬吠声
* 粵犬吠雪 / 粤犬吠雪
* 蛙吠
* 蛙鳴狗吠 / 蛙鸣狗吠
* 蜀犬吠日 (shǔquǎnfèirì)
* 越犬吠雪
* 跖犬吠堯 / 跖犬吠尧
* 跖狗吠堯 / 跖狗吠尧
* 蹠狗吠堯 / 蹠狗吠尧
* 迎吠
* 逐影吠聲 / 逐影吠声
* 邑犬群吠
* 阿吠斯陀
* 附聲吠影 / 附声吠影
* 隨聲吠影 / 随声吠影
* 雞鳴犬吠 / 鸡鸣犬吠
* 雞鳴狗吠 / 鸡鸣狗吠
* 驢鳴犬吠 / 驴鸣犬吠
* 驢鳴狗吠 / 驴鸣狗吠
* 鳴吠 / 鸣吠
* 鳴吠客 / 鸣吠客
* 黎俱吠陀

### References

* (Min Nan) “Entry #2957”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* Bark; howl.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ばい (bai)、お (o)
* Kan-on: はい (hai)
* Kun: ほえる (hoeru, 吠える)、ほえる (hoeru, 吠る)

#### Compounds

* 狗(く)吠(はい) (kuhai): the barking of a dog, or the sound thereof
* 犬(けん)吠(ばい) (kenbai): the barking of a dog, or the sound thereof

## Korean
### Hanja

吠 (eum 폐 (pye))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

吠: Hán Nôm readings: phệ, phịa
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation