# 龕

| 龕 | U+9F95, &#40853; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F95 |
| ← 龔 [U+9F94] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 龖 → [U+9F96] |

## Translingual
### Han character

龕 (Kangxi radical 212, 龍+6, 22 strokes, cangjie input 人口卜月心 (ORYBP), four-corner 8021$_1$, composition ⿱合龍)

#### Derived characters

* 㘛

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1537, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48839
* Dae Jaweon: page 2078, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4805, character 16
* Unihan data for U+9F95

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 龕 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 龕 | *kʰuːm |
| 媕 | *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb |
| 頜 | *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb |
| 答 | *tkuːb |
| 畣 | *tkuːb |
| 荅 | *tkuːb |
| 嗒 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 褡 | *tuːb, *toːb |
| 撘 | *tuːb |
| 搭 | *tuːb, *tʰoːb |
| 榙 | *tkuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 佮 | *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb |
| 蛤 | *kuːb |
| 鴿 | *kuːb |
| 合 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 郃 | *kuːb, *ɡuːb |
| 匌 | *kuːb, *kʰuːb |
| 鉿 | *kuːb |
| 閤 | *kuːb |
| 鞈 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 韐 | *kuːb, *kruːb |
| 鮯 | *kuːb |
| 哈 | *ŋɡuːb |
| 姶 | *quːb, *quːb |
| 欱 | *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb |
| 盒 | *ɡuːb |
| 耠 | *ɡuːb |
| 詥 | *ɡuːb |
| 塔 | *tʰuːb |
| 鞳 | *tʰoːb |
| 劄 | *rtuːb |
| 跲 | *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob |
| 袷 | *kruːb, *ŋkob |
| 餄 | *kruːb |
| 恰 | *kʰruːb |
| 帢 | *kʰruːb |
| 洽 | *ɡruːb |
| 祫 | *ɡruːb |
| 珨 | *ɡruːb |
| 烚 | *ɡruːb |
| 歙 | *qʰjob, *qʰrub |
| 湁 | *tkʰub |
| 拾 | *ɡjub |
| 給 | *krub |
| 翕 | *qʰrub |
| 噏 | *qʰrub |
| 潝 | *qʰrub |
| 熻 | *qʰrub |
| 嬆 | *qʰrub |
| 翖 | *qʰrub |
| 闟 | *qʰrub |
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰuːm) : phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb) + semantic 龍.
Duan Yucai consider it a corrupted form of 𪚕: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰuːm) : phonetic 今 (OC *krɯm) + semantic 龍.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kān (kan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ham$^1$ / am$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khâm
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kham
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kān
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kan
*** Wade–Giles: kʻan$^1$
*** Yale: kān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kan
*** Palladius: кань (kanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ham$^1$ / am$^1$
*** Yale: hām / ām
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ham$^1$ / am$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hem$^1$ / em$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐm⁵⁵/, /ɐm⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khâm
*** Hakka Romanization System: kam$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kam$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰam²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kham
*** Tâi-lô: kham
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qafm
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰam⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰam³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰam⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰam⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰam⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: khom
Rime :
| Character | 龕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 口含切 |
| Baxter | khom |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰʌm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰəm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɒm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰəm/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰᴀm/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰɒm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰăm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ham$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 龕 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4940 |
| Phonetic component | 合 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 龕 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰuːm/ |

### Definitions

龕
* shrine; niche
* Alternative form of 戡 (“to overcome; to suppress”)

### Compounds

* 上龕 / 上龛 (Shàngkān)
* 伊闕佛龕 / 伊阙佛龛
* 佛龕 / 佛龛 (fókān)
* 壁龕 / 壁龛 (bìkān)
* 神龕 / 神龛 (shénkān)
* 蓮龕 / 莲龛
* 骨灰龕 / 骨灰龛
* 龕位 / 龛位 (kānwèi)
* 龕像 / 龛像
* 龕場 / 龛场
* 龕子 / 龛子
* 龕山 / 龛山
* 龕影 / 龛影
* 龕燈 / 龛灯

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: こん (kon)
* Kan-on: かん (kan)
* Kan’yō-on: がん (gan)
* Kun: ずし (zushi)、れい (rei)

#### Compounds

* 移龕(いがん) (igan)
* 開龕(かいがん) (kaigan)
* 龕像(がんぞう) (ganzō)
* 龕灯(がんどう) (gandō)
* 起龕(きがん) (kigan)
* 啓龕(けいがん) (keigan)
* 鎖龕(さがん) (sagan)
* 神龕(しんがん) (shingan)
* 石龕(せきがん) (sekigan)
* 入龕(にゅうがん) (nyūgan)
* 仏龕(ぶつがん) (butsugan)
* 壁龕(へきがん) (hekigan): niche
* 竜龕手鑑(りゅうがんしゅかん) (ryūganshukan)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 龕
* がん Hyōgai
* kan'yōon
From Middle Chinese 龕 (MC khom), later corrupted with voicing.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) がん [gáꜜǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɡã̠ɴ]

### Noun

龕(がん) • (gan)
* alcove for an image

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

龕 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)
* niche, shrine