OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# pellis
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *pelnis, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-ni-s (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”), from *pel- (“to cover, wrap; skin, hide; cloth”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέλμᾰ (pélmă, “sole of the foot”), Old English fell (“fell, skin, hide; garment of skin”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpel.lis/, [ˈpɛlːʲɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpel.lis/, [ˈpɛlːis]

### Noun

pellis f (genitive pellis); third declension
* (zootomy) pelt, fell, hide, animal skin; (poetic) human skin
* (transferred sense)
** leather
** (clothing) a garment, article of clothing made of skin
** (military) a tent for soldiers (because it was covered with skins)
** a parchment
** (music) a drum
** (mycology) a thin peelable film covering the outside of a sporocarp
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

#### Inflection

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

#### Derived terms

* pellārius
* pelleātus
* pellesuīna
* pelleta
* pellicius
* pellicula
* pelliculō
* pelliger
* pellinus
* pelliō
* pelliris
* pellītus
* tentipellium
* versipellis

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: cheali
** Romanian: piele
* Dalmatian:
** pial
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: pelle
** Sicilian: peddi
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: pedde, peddi (Campidanese)
* North Italian:
** Friulian: piel
** Romagnol: pël
** Romansch: pel
** Venetan: pełe
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: pél
** Old French: pel
*** Angevin: piau
*** Bourguignon: peâ
*** Champenois: pé, piau
*** Franc-Comtois: pée
*** Middle French: peau
**** French: peau
*** Norman: pé
*** Poitevin-Saintongeais: pea
*** Picard: pieu, piau
*** Walloon: pea
* Occitano-Romance:
** Catalan: pell
** Occitan: pèl
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: piel
** Old Galician-Portuguese: pele
*** Portuguese: pele
** Spanish: piel
* Borrowings:
** → English: pell
** → Old Irish: pell
*** Irish: peall
*** Scottish Gaelic: peall
** → Old Norse: pilz
*** Icelandic: pils
*** Norwegian Bokmål: pels
*** Norwegian Nynorsk: pels

### References

* “pellis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “pellis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* pellis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “pellis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “pellis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pellis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 455
# fictif
## French
### Etymology

Formed from the root of Latin fictus (past participle of fingō), and the suffix -if.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fik.tif/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

fictif (feminine fictive, masculine plural fictifs, feminine plural fictives)
* fictional
    Synonym: imaginaire
    Antonym: réel

#### Related terms

* feindre
* fiction

#### Descendants

* → Danish: fiktiv
* → Dutch: fictief
* → English: fictive
* → German: fiktiv
** ⇒ Czech: fiktivní
** ⇒ Russian: фикти́вный (fiktívnyj)
** ⇒ Ukrainian: фіктивний (fiktyvnyj)
* → Norwegian: fiktiv
* → Romanian: fictiv
* → Swedish: fiktiv

### Further reading

* “fictif”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# સસ્તું
## Gujarati
### Etymology

Unclear. The preservation of the cluster -st- universally rules out Sanskrit inheritance; most Indo-Aryan languages would have assimilated that to -tt-. Given the widespread distribution of the term, it would have been an early borrowing or a borrowing from an influential language. Cognate with Assamese সস্তা (xosta), Bengali সস্তা (śosta), Hindustani سستا / सस्ता (sastā), the hypercorrected Marathi स्वस्त (svasta) (earlier सस्त (sasta)), Nepali सस्तो (sasto), Odia ଶସ୍ତା (śastā), Punjabi ਸਸਤਾ (sastā), Sindhi سَستو (sasto), and Sylheti ꠢꠍꠔꠣ (hosta).
* An assimilation of Classical Persian سست (sust, “languid, lazy; loose”), making it a doublet of સુસ્ત (sust).
* Inherited from Sanskrit स्वस्थ (svastha, “healthy”). This is unlikely due to the regular simplification of consonant clusters in Middle Indo-Aryan; compare Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀢𑁆𑀣 (sattha), which would theoretically yield Hindi *साथा (sāthā) or *सत्था (satthā).
* The likely wrong suggestion of inheritance from Sanskrit समर्घ (samargha, “having a low price”). This already yielded સોંઘું (soṅghũ, “cheap”), which is not very common now. The only redeeming quality of this suggestion is that offers a direct contrast to મોંઘું (moṅghũ, “expensive”), from Sanskrit महार्घ (mahārgha, “having a high price”). Compare Hindi सहँगा (sahaṅgā, “cheap”), Old Marathi सवंग (savaṃga).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈsəs.t̪ũ/
* Rhymes: -ũ

### Adjective

સસ્તું • (sastũ)
* cheap, inexpensive
    Synonym: સોંઘું (soṅghũ)
    Antonym: મોંઘું (moṅghũ)

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “सस्ता”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* ↑ Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “सस्ता”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* ↑ Platts, John T. (1884) “सस्ता”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* ↑ S. W. Fallon (1879) “سستا”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
* ↑ Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “सवंग”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
# bat an eyelid
## English
### Etymology

From bat (“flutter”), circa 1900.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Verb

bat an eyelid (third-person singular simple present bats an eyelid, present participle batting an eyelid, simple past and past participle batted an eyelid)
* (idiomatic, chiefly in the negative) To react in any slight way; to respond; to care.
    Synonyms: bat an eye, bat an eyelash, flinch
    When laptop computers first came out they were something of a novelty. These days, nobody bats an eyelid.
** 1914, Edgar Beecher Bronson, The Vanguard, page 155:[…] he got the drop on Cox, the only time I had seen or heard of its being done — had his pistol out and stuck in Cox's face before Cox could bat an eyelid.
** 2006, Pete Takeda, An Eye at the Top of the World, page 116:If you were to walk into a salon in America after a few 10–12 hour days of sweaty, dusty travel with no shower, you'd probably be politely asked to leave and not return until you've cleaned up. But here in a land whose resources and infrastructure cannot sustain such frivolity, the barber doesn't even bat an eyelid.
** 2007, Fionn Davenport, Dublin Encounter, page 153:Dublin's not a bad place to be gay. Most people wouldn't bat an eyelid at public displays of affection between same-sex couples […]

#### Derived terms

* without batting an eyelid

#### Translations
### See also

* bat one's eyes
* turn a hair

### References

* ↑ Christine Ammer (1997) “bat an eyelid”, in American Heritage Dictionary of Idioms, first edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, →ISBN, page 720.
# balaską
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /baˈlas.kɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /baˈlas.kɔm/
* Rhymes: -askɔw̃
* Syllabification: ba‧las‧ką

### Noun

balaską
* instrumental singular of balaska
# στοιχίζω
## Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stiˈçi.zo/
* Hyphenation: στοι‧χί‧ζω

### Verb

στοιχίζω • (stoichízo) (past στοίχισα, passive —)
* (finance) to cost
    Synonym: κοστίζω (kostízo)
    Το σπίτι αυτό του στοίχισε μια περιουσία. ― To spíti aftó tou stoíchise mia periousía. ― The house has cost him a fortune.
* to cost, claim
    Ο σεισμός στοίχισε πολλές ζωές. ― O seismós stoíchise pollés zoés. ― The earthquake claimed many lives.

#### Conjugation
### Verb

στοιχίζω • (stoichízo) (past στοίχισα, passive στοιχίζομαι, p‑past στοιχίστηκα/στοιχήθηκα, ppp στοιχισμένος / στοιχημένος)
* to arrange in rows, lines, line up, dress, align
    Ο λοχίας στοίχισε τους άνδρες του.O lochías stoíchise tous ándres tou.The sergeant lined up his men.

#### Related terms

* αντιστοιχίζω (antistoichízo, “match, associate”)
* αντιστοιχώ (antistoichó, “correspond”)
* περιστοιχίζω (peristoichízo)
* στοιχείο n (stoicheío, “element”)
* στοιχειοθετώ (stoicheiothetó)
* στοιχειώνω (stoicheióno, “haunt”)
* στοιχηματίζω (stoichimatízo, “bet”)
* στοίχιση f (stoíchisi, “aligning”)
* and see: στοίχος m (stoíchos, “row, line”)

### Further reading

* στοιχίζω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# feudál
## Czech
### Noun

feudál m anim
* feudal lord

#### Related terms

* feudalismus
* feudalista
* feudální

### Further reading

* “feudál”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “feudál”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “feudál”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Finno-Ugric
## English
### Alternative forms

* Finno-Ugrian

### Etymology

From Finno- +‎ Ugric.

### Proper noun

Finno-Ugric
* A group of languages that, together with Samoyedic, make up the Uralic family, and are spoken in a broad swath from Siberia to Norway.
* The Uralic languages as a whole.

#### Translations
### Adjective

Finno-Ugric (not comparable)
* Of or relating to Finno-Ugric languages.

#### Further reading

* ISO 639-5 code fiu
# чемодан
## Kyrgyz
### Etymology

From Russian чемода́н (čemodán).

### Noun

чемодан • (cemodan) (Arabic spelling چەمودان)
* suitcase

## Mongolian

| Mongolian | Cyrillic |
| ᠴᠧᠮᠣᠳᠠᠨ (čēmodan) | чемодан (čemodan) |

### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian чемода́н m inan sg (čemodán), from Classical Persian جامه‌دان sg (jāma-dān).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃʰe̝m.täˑɴ̟]
* Hyphenation: че‧мо‧дан

### Noun

чемодан • (čemodan)
* suitcase
    Synonym: авдар (avdar)

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* чемода́нъ (čemodán) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
* чекмода́н (čekmodán) — colloquial or humorous

### Etymology

Via a Turkic medium, from Persian جامه‌دان (jâme-dân, “suitcase”).
Note that this Russian term has later become the source of re-borrowing into modern Persian چمدان (čamedân) and many Turkic languages.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ɕɪmɐˈdan]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

чемода́н • (čemodán) m inan (genitive чемода́на, nominative plural чемода́ны, genitive plural чемода́нов, relational adjective чемода́нный, diminutive чемода́нчик)
* suitcase, trunk
** 1973, Венедикт Ерофеев, “Москва. К поезду через магазин”, in Москва — Петушки; English translation from H. William Tjalsma, transl., Moscow to the End of the Line, Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1980:— Ты не обижайся. Мы тебе добра хотим. Только зачем ты, дурак, всё к сердцу чемодан прижимаешь? Потому что водка там, что ли?— Ty ne obižajsja. My tebe dobra xotim. Tolʹko začem ty, durak, vsjo k serdcu čemodan prižimaješʹ? Potomu što vodka tam, što li?‘‘Don’t get offended, we wish you well. Only why are you such a fool hugging your suitcase to your heart? Because the vodka is in there, is it?’’
* a heavy projectile, especially that of a naval gun (military slang since the first half of the 20th century, especially WWI; often in quotes)
* (slang) land yacht (a long, heavy sedan)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: չամադան (čʻamadan)
* → Azerbaijani: çamadan
* → Bashkir: сумаҙан (sumaźan)
* → Georgian: ჩემოდანი (čemodani)
* → Kazakh: шабадан (şabadan)
* → Kyrgyz: чемодан (cemodan)
* → Latvian: čemodāns
* → Mongolian: чемодан (čemodan)
* → Persian: چمدان (čamedân)
* → Tajik: чамадон (čamadon)
* → Tatar: чемодан (çemodan)
* → Turkmen: chemodan
* → Uyghur: چامادان (chamadan)
* → Yiddish: טשעמאָדאַן (tshemodan)

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Via a Turkic medium, from Persian جامه‌دان (jâme-dân, “suitcase”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃemɔˈdan]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

чемода́н • (čemodán) m inan (genitive чемода́на, nominative plural чемода́ни, genitive plural чемода́нів, relational adjective чемода́нний or чемода́новий, diminutive чемода́нчик)
* suitcase
    Synonym: валі́за (valíza)

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “чемодан”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “чемодан”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# якість
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

яки́й (jakýj) +‎ -ість (-istʹ)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjakʲisʲtʲ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

я́кість • (jákistʹ) f inan (genitive я́кості or я́кости, nominative plural я́кості, genitive plural я́костей)
* quality
* property, feature, attribute

#### Derived terms

* високоя́кісний (vysokojákisnyj)
* доброя́кісний (dobrojákisnyj)
* злоя́кісний (zlojákisnyj)
* низькоя́кісний (nyzʹkojákisnyj)
* я́кісний (jákisnyj)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “якість”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “якість”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# trzonki
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtʂɔŋ.ki/
* Rhymes: -ɔŋki
* Syllabification: trzon‧ki

### Noun

trzonki
* nominative/accusative/vocative plural of trzonek
# αποσταίνω
## Greek
### Etymology

Inherited from Byzantine Greek ἀποσταίνω (apostaínō), through its passive aorist ἀποστάθηκα (apostáthēka) from stem αποστ- (apost-) of the ancient verb ἀφίσταμαι (aphístamai, “withdraw, stop”) and metaplasm to the verb suffix -αίνω (-aíno) in the pattern of verbs like ζεστάθηκα (zestáthika) ~ ζεσταίνω (zestaíno). Also see the Hellenistic form ἀφιστάνω (aphistánō).
A rare spelling αποστένω (aposténo), according to Andriotis, from the passive past ἀποστάθηκα (apostáthēka) of the Mediaeval form ἀποστέκω (apostékō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.poˈste.no/
* Hyphenation: α‧πο‧σταί‧νω

### Verb

αποσταίνω • (apostaíno) (past απόστασα, passive —)
* (literary, colloquial) to tire, get tired
    Antonym: ξαποσταίνω (xapostaíno)

#### Related terms

* απόσταμα n (apóstama, “tiredness, fatigue”)
* αποσταμός m (apostamós, “tiredness, fatigue”)
* ξαποσταίνω (xapostaíno, “to rest, to take a break”) (colloquial)
* ξαπόσταμα n (xapóstama, “rest”)

### References

* ↑ αποσταίνω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
* ↑ αποσταίνω - Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: […] [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias [Lexicology Centre], 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.
* ↑ αποσταίνω - Andriotis (Ανδριώτης), Nikolaos Pantelis (1983) Ετυμολογικό λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Etymological Dictionary of Koine Neo-Hellenic] (in Greek, polytonic) 3rd ed. (1st ed. 1951), Thessaloniki: Aristotelian University, the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.
# bas allemand
## French
### Alternative forms

* bas-allemand

### Noun

bas allemand m
* Low German
** 1868, M. J. Nolet de Brauwere van Steeland, Le pan-germanisme et la revue flamande ‹ De Toekomst ›, page 6:Dès l’origine, le teuton se divise en deux dialectes bien distincts: le haut allemand et le bas allemand. [...] Cette langue bas allemande se subdivisait de nouveau en dialectes bas saxon ou Plattdeutsch et en néerlandais (flamand), [...](please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Meronyms

* bas saxon, bas-saxon
# retroceder
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin retrōcēdere (“to retrocede”). By surface analysis, retro- +‎ ceder.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.tɾo.seˈde(ʁ)/ [he.tɾo.seˈde(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.tɾo.seˈde(ʁ)/ [he.tɾo.seˈde(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ʁe.tɾo.seˈde(ɾ)/ [he.tɾo.seˈde(ɾ)]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ʁe.tɾo.seˈde(ʁ)/ [χe.tɾo.seˈde(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.tɾo.seˈde(ɻ)/ [he.tɾo.seˈde(ɻ)]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɨ.tɾu.sɨˈdeɾ/ [ʁɨ.tɾu.sɨˈðeɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɨ.tɾu.sɨˈdeɾ/ [ʁɨ.tɾu.sɨˈðeɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ʁɨ.tɾu.sɨˈde.ɾi/ [ʁɨ.tɾu.sɨˈðe.ɾi]

### Verb

retroceder (first-person singular present retrocedo, first-person singular preterite retrocedi, past participle retrocedido)
* to regress (to revert to a previous state, especially one that is worse)
    Synonyms: regredir, regressar, decair, retrogradar
* to return (to go back to a previous location)
    Synonyms: voltar, regressar
* (law) to retrocede; to return (to grant property back)

#### Related terms

* retrocessão
* retrocesso

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin retrōcēdere (“to retrocede”). Compare English retrocede.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /retɾoθeˈdeɾ/ [re.t̪ɾo.θeˈð̞eɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /retɾoseˈdeɾ/ [re.t̪ɾo.seˈð̞eɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɾ
* Syllabification: re‧tro‧ce‧der

### Verb

retroceder (first-person singular present retrocedo, first-person singular preterite retrocedí, past participle retrocedido)
* (intransitive) to back up, to go back, to step back, to move backward, to shrink back
* (intransitive) to retreat, to fall back, to recede, to draw back
* (intransitive) to regress
* (intransitive) to backtrack
* (intransitive) to recoil

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* retrocesión
* retroceso

### Further reading

* “retroceder”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# E&R
## English
### Proper noun

E&R
* Initialism of Evangelical and Reformed Church.
# βάσις
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *gʷə́tis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémtis, from the root *gʷem- (“step”). By surface analysis, βαίνω (baínō, “to walk, step”) +‎ -σῐς (-sĭs, nominal suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bá.sis/ → /ˈβa.sis/ → /ˈva.sis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /bá.sis/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈba.sis/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈβa.sis/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈva.sis/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈva.sis/

### Noun

βᾰ́σῐς • (bắsĭs) f (genitive βᾰ́σεως); third declension
* stepping, step; (collective) steps
* measured step or movement; rhythmical or metrical movement
** (rhetoric) rhythmical close of a sentence; clause forming transition from protasis to apodosis
** (prosody) metrical unit, monometer
* foot, leg
* base, pedestal; foundation, basement
** 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 14.1.14:τρία Μύρωνος ἔργα κολοσσικὰ ἱδρυμένα ἐπὶ μιᾶς βάσεωςof these, three of colossal size, the work of Myron, stood upon one base
* (geometry) base of a solid or plane figure
* position, fixedness
    Antonym: φορᾱ́ (phorā́)
* (astrology) horoscope
    Synonym: ὡροσκόπος (hōroskópos)
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

#### Derived terms

* ᾰ̓κρόβᾰσῐς (ăkróbăsĭs)
* ᾰ̓μφῐ́βᾰσῐς (ămphĭ́băsĭs)
* ᾰ̓νάβᾰσῐς (ănábăsĭs)
* ᾰ̓ντῐ́βᾰσῐς (ăntĭ́băsĭs)
* ᾰ̓πόβᾰσῐς (ăpóbăsĭs)
* βᾰσείδῐον (băseídĭon)
* δῐᾰ́βᾰσῐς (dĭắbăsĭs)
* εἴσβᾰσῐς (eísbăsĭs)
* ἔκβᾰσῐς (ékbăsĭs)
* ἔμβᾰσῐς (émbăsĭs)
* ἐπῐ́βᾰσῐς (epĭ́băsĭs)
* κᾰτᾰ́βᾰσῐς (kătắbăsĭs)
* λεοντόβᾰσῐς (leontóbăsĭs)
* λῐθόβᾰσῐς (lĭthóbăsĭs)
* μετᾰ́βᾰσῐς (metắbăsĭs)
* πᾰρᾰ́βᾰσῐς (părắbăsĭs)
* περῐ́βᾰσῐς (perĭ́băsĭs)
* πρόβᾰσῐς (próbăsĭs)
* πρόσβᾰσῐς (prósbăsĭs)
* σῠ́μβᾰσῐς (sŭ́mbăsĭs)
* ῠ̔πέρβᾰσῐς (hŭpérbăsĭs)
* ῠ̔πόβᾰσῐς (hŭpóbăsĭs)

#### Descendants

* Greek: βάση (vási)
* → Hebrew: בָּסִיס (basís)
* ⇒ Italian: abasia
* → Latin: basis (see there for further descendants)
* → Latin: bassus (perhaps) (see there for further descendants)

### References

* “βάσις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

### Further reading

* “βάσις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* βάσις in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
* βάσις in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* “βάσις”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G939 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. base idem, page 64.bottom idem, page 90.foot idem, page 333.foot-step idem, page 334.foundation idem, page 341.movement idem, page 545.pace idem, page 588.stand idem, page 810.step idem, page 815.stride idem, page 825.tramp idem, page 887.tread idem, page 891.
# ประจำ
## Thai
### Etymology

From Old Khmer pracāṃ (“to cause to wait; to keep; to hold in reserve”), extended form of cāṃ, cāṃm, cām, caṃ, cam (“to guard, to be on guard, to watch; to await, to expect; to remain, to stay; to attend, to serve; to maintain, to support; to bear in mind, to memorise, to recall, to remember; etc”).
Compare Modern Khmer ប្រចាំ (prɑcam), Lao ປະຈຳ (pa cham), Northern Thai ᨷᩕᨧᩴᩣ.

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | ประจำ p r a t͡ɕ å |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | ปฺระ-จำ p ̥ r a – t͡ɕ å |
| Romanization | Paiboon | bprà-jam |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | pra-cham |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /pra˨˩.t͡ɕam˧/ |

### Adjective

ประจำ • (bprà-jam)
* regular:
** constant; frequent; habitual.
** customary; normal.
* fixed; permanent.
* particular, specific; intended (for), specified (for).

#### Derived terms

* ขาประจำ
* ข้าราชการประจำ
* ประจำฉัตร
* ประจำเดือน (bprà-jam-dʉʉan)
* ประจำตัว
* ประจำทาง
* ประจำเมือง
* ประจำหลัก
* เป็นประจำ
* ลูกจ้างประจำ

### Noun

ประจำ • (bprà-jam)
* (law) deposit: thing given as security or in part payment.
** 2005, พระราชบัญญัติแก้ไขเพิ่มเติมประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ (ฉบับที่ ๑๔) พ.ศ. ๒๕๔๘:
    มาตรา ๓ ให้ยกเลิกความในมาตรา ๔๕๖ แห่งประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ และให้ใช้ความต่อไปนี้แทน "มาตรา ๔๕๖...สัญญาจะขายหรือจะซื้อหรือคำมั่นในการซื้อขายทรัพย์สินตามที่ระบุไว้ในวรรคหนึ่ง ถ้ามิได้มีหลักฐานเป็นหนังสืออย่างหนึ่งอย่างใดลงลายมือชื่อฝ่ายผู้ต้องรับผิดเป็นสำคัญ หรือได้วางประจำไว้ หรือได้ชำระหนี้บางส่วนแล้ว จะฟ้องร้องให้บังคับคดีหาได้ไม่mâat-dtraa sǎam hâi yók-lə̂ək kwaam nai mâat-dtraa sìi rɔ́ɔi hâa-sìp hòk hɛ̀ng bprà-muuan-gòt-mǎai-pɛ̂ng-lɛ́-paa-nít lɛ́ hâi chái kwaam dtɔ̀ɔ-bpai-níi tɛɛn "mâat-dtraa sìi rɔ́ɔi hâa-sìp hòk...sǎn-yaa jà kǎai rʉ̌ʉ jà sʉ́ʉ rʉ̌ʉ kam-mân nai gaan-sʉ́ʉ-kǎai sáp-sǐn dtaam tîi rá-bù wái nai wák nʉ̀ng tâa mí-dâai mii làk-tǎan bpen nǎng-sʉ̌ʉ yàang-nʉ̀ng-yàang-dai long-laai-mʉʉ-chʉ̂ʉ fàai pûu dtɔ̂ng ráp-pìt bpen-sǎm-kan rʉ̌ʉ dâai waang bprà-jam wái rʉ̌ʉ dâai cham-rá nîi baang-sùuan lɛ́ɛo jà fɔ́ɔng-rɔ́ɔng hâi bang-káp-ká-dii hǎa-dâai-mâiSection 3 The provision of Section 456 of the Civil and Commercial Code shall be repealed and replaced by the following: "Section 456...As for a contract to sell or buy or a promise to purchase the property mentioned in Paragraph 1, if there is no specific written evidence bearing the signature of the liable party as a significant sign, or no deposit has been given, or no partial performance has been effected, then no action for its enforcement can be filed.

#### Synonyms

* มัดจำ (mát-jam)

### Verb

ประจำ • (bprà-jam) (abstract noun การประจำ)
* to affix; to attach; to fix.
* to assign; to position; to station.
* to remain, to stay; to cause to remain or stay.

#### Derived terms

* ใบประจำต่อ (bai-bprà-jam-dtɔ̀ɔ)
* ประจำการ
* ประจำครั่ง
* ประจำซอง
* ประจำตรา
* ประจำยาม