# 媒

| 媒 | U+5A92, &#23186; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5A92 |
| ← 媑 [U+5A91] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 媓 → [U+5A93] |

## Translingual
### Han character

媒 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女廿一木 (VTMD), four-corner 4449$_4$, composition ⿰女某)

#### Derived characters

* 𠿃, 𬄪, 𬲞, 𥴘

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 266, character 37
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6498
* Dae Jaweon: page 533, character 38
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1063, character 13
* Unihan data for U+5A92

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 媒
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 某 | *mɯʔ |
| 謀 | *mɯ |
| 媒 | *mɯː |
| 煤 | *mɯː |
| 腜 | *mɯː |
| 禖 | *mɯː |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mɯː) : semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 某 (OC *mɯʔ).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): méi (mei$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄇㄟˊ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): мый (mɨy, I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mui$^4$ / mui$^{4-2}$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mòi
* Jin (Wiktionary): mei$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): mô / mû
* Eastern Min (BUC): muòi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bue$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hm̂ / m̂ / bûn / môe / moâi / hûn / mûi / bôe
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bhuê$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$me
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: méi
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄟˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: méi
*** Wade–Giles: mei$^2$
*** Yale: méi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mei
*** Palladius: мэй (mɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /meɪ̯³⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: мый (mɨy, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /mei²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mui$^4$ / mui$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: mùih / múi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mui$^4$ / mui$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mui$^4$ / mui$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /muːi̯²¹/, /muːi̯²¹⁻³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mòi
*** Hakka Romanization System: moi$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: moi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /moi̯¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: mei$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /mei¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: mô / mû
*** Sinological IPA : /mo³³/, /mu³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: muòi
*** Sinological IPA : /mui⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bue$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /puei¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hm̂
*** Tâi-lô: hm̂
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hmm
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hm̩²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Tainan, Lukang, Kinmen): /hm̩²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: m̂
*** Tâi-lô: m̂
*** Phofsit Daibuun: mm
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /m̩²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bûn
*** Tâi-lô: bûn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: buun
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bun¹³/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Taichung, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: môe
*** Tâi-lô: muê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: moee
*** IPA (Yilan): /muẽ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /muẽ²³/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Tainan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: moâi
*** Tâi-lô: muâi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: moaai
*** IPA (Tainan): /muãi²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /muãi²³/
** (Hokkien: Magong)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hûn
*** Tâi-lô: hûn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huun
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mûi
*** Tâi-lô: muî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: muii
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /muĩ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /muĩ²³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bôe
*** Tâi-lô: buê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: boee
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /bue¹³/
* hm̂/m̂/bûn/môe/moâi/hûn - vernacular;
* mûi/bôe - literary.
* Middle Chinese: mwoj
Rime :
| Character | 媒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 灰 (42) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 莫杯切 |
| Baxter | mwoj |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /muʌi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /muoi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /muɒi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mwəj/ |
| Li Rong | /muᴀi/ |
| Wang Li | /muɒi/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /muɑ̆i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | méi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mui$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.mˤə/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mɯː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 媒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | méi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ mwoj › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.mˁə/ |
| English | match-maker, go-between |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 媒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9277 |
| Phonetic component | 某 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 枚 |
| Old Chinese | /*mɯː/ |

#### Definitions

媒
* go-between; matchmaker
* medium; intermediary
* Short for 媒體／媒体 (méitǐ); media; press
    紙媒／纸媒 ― zhǐméi ― print media
* to introduce; to recommend
* (Cantonese) plant (person placed amongst an audience) with the role of promoting sales by making fake purchases
* (obsolete, literary) yeast
    From: Sima Qian, Letter to Ren An (1st century BCE, translated by Burton Watson)
    jīn jǔ shì yī bù dàng, ér quán qū bǎo qī zǐ zhī chén, suí ér méi niè qí duǎn [Pinyin]
    Now he has committed one act that was not right, and the officials who think only of saving themselves and protecting their wives and children vie with each other in magnifying his shortcomings. (lit. "to ferment upon his shortcomings as if by yeast")

#### Compounds

* 三媒六聘
* 三媒六證 / 三媒六证
* 互動媒體 / 互动媒体
* 作媒
* 保媒 (bǎoméi)
* 傳媒 / 传媒 (chuánméi)
* 傳播媒體 / 传播媒体
* 冷媒 (lěngméi)
* 多媒體 / 多媒体 (duōméitǐ)
* 多媒體卡 / 多媒体卡
* 大媒 (dàméi)
* 大眾媒介 / 大众媒介
* 央媒
* 女媒
* 媒人 (méirén)
* 媒人嘴
* 媒介 (méijiè)
* 媒介體 / 媒介体
* 媒兒 / 媒儿
* 媒妁 (méishuò)
* 媒妁之言
* 媒婆 (méipó)
* 媒孽
* 媒怨
* 媒材
* 媒染劑 / 媒染剂
* 媒氏
* 媒譖 / 媒谮
* 媒質 / 媒质 (méizhì)
* 媒錢 / 媒钱
* 媒頭 / 媒头
* 媒體 / 媒体 (méitǐ)
* 媒體造勢 / 媒体造势
* 官媒 (guānméi)
* 平面媒體 / 平面媒体 (píngmiàn méitǐ)
* 廣告媒體 / 广告媒体
* 待媒
* 憑媒說合 / 凭媒说合
* 教育媒體 / 教育媒体
* 新聞媒介 / 新闻媒介
* 明媒正娶 (míngméizhèngqǔ)
* 明媒正配
* 梯媒
* 水媒花
* 溶媒 (róngméi)
* 獸媒花 / 兽媒花
* 男媒女妁
* 病媒 (bìngméi)
* 病媒蚊
* 瘧媒蚊 / 疟媒蚊
* 自媒
* 良媒
* 落花媒人
* 蟲媒花 / 虫媒花
* 行媒
* 觸媒 / 触媒 (chùméi)
* 說媒 / 说媒 (shuōméi)
* 謝媒錢 / 谢媒钱
* 超媒體 / 超媒体 (chāoméitǐ)
* 雉媒
* 電子媒體 / 电子媒体
* 靈媒 / 灵媒 (língméi)
* 風媒花 / 风媒花
* 鳥媒花 / 鸟媒花
* 鴆媒 / 鸩媒
* 龍媒 / 龙媒

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: mai (“matchmaker”)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mèi (mei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄟˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mèi
*** Wade–Giles: mei$^4$
*** Yale: mèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mey
*** Palladius: мэй (mɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /meɪ̯⁵¹/

#### Definitions

媒
* Only used in 媒媒.

### References

* “媒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* mediator

#### Readings

* Go-on: まい (mai)
* Kan-on: ばい (bai, Jōyō)
* On: ぼう (bō)
* Kun: なこうど (nakōdo, 媒)、なかだち (nakadachi, 媒)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 媒 (MC mwoj). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄆᆡ (moy) (Yale: moy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 媒 (eumhun 중매 매 (jungmae mae))
* hanja form of 매 (“medium”)

#### Compounds

* 냉매 (冷媒, naengmae)
* 매개 (媒介, maegae)
* 매질 (媒質, maejil)
* 매체 (媒體, maeche)
* 영매 (靈媒, yeongmae)
* 용매 (溶媒, yongmae)
* 중매 (仲媒/中媒, jungmae)
* 촉매 (觸媒, chongmae)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

媒: Hán Nôm readings: môi, mối, mai
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.