# Diana
## Translingual
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Diana f
* Synonym of Dianella (snail) (family Hydrobiidae)
* Synonym of Dianella (plant) (flax lilies; family Asphodelaceae)
* Synonym of Cercopithecus (guenons; family Cercopithecidae)

## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin Diāna, short form of Latin Dīāna, derived by syncope from Old Latin Dīvāna, equivalent to dīvus +‎ -āna; roughly akin to Proto-Italic *deiwā (“goddess”) + Proto-Indo-European *-néh₂.
Originally an Old Italic divinity of light and the moon; later identified as the Roman counterpart to Greek goddess Artemis. Cognate of Attic Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē), similarly syncopated from older Ancient Greek Διϝωνη (Diwōnē), whence via Latin Diōne is derived English Dione used in various ways across astronomy, chemistry, biology, and as a given name. From the same root Proto-Indo-European *dyúh₃onh₂- also potentially cognate to English June via Latin Jūnō.

### Pronunciation

* (UK, General American) IPA: /daɪˈænə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ænə

### Proper noun

Diana
* (Roman mythology) The daughter of Latona and Jupiter, and twin sister of Apollo; the goddess of the hunt, associated wild animals and the forest or wilderness, and an emblem of chastity; the Roman counterpart of Artemis.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 19:27::
    So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and all the world worshippeth.
* (astronomy) 78 Diana, a main belt asteroid.
* A female given name from Latin.
** 1605, William Camden, Remains Concerning Britain, John Russell Smith, published 1870, page 56:But succeeding ages (little regarding S. Chrysosthome's admonition to the contrary) have recalled prophane names, so as now Diana, Cassandra, Hyppolytus, Venus, Lais, names of unhappy disaster are as rife, as ever they were in paganism.
** 1993, James Kirkup, Queens Have Died Young and Fair, P. Owen, →ISBN, page 94:A wholesome British name like Diana, Anne, Margaret or Elizabeth impresses a judge much more than all your vulgar Marilyns, Donnas, Madonnas and Dawns.

#### Coordinate terms

* (Eternal Virgin Goddesses): Artemis, Athena/Minerva, Hestia/Vesta

#### Derived terms

* Diana butterfly
* Diana fritillary
* Diana monkey

#### Related terms

* Di
* Diane
* Dianna
* Dianne

#### Descendants

* → Hawaiian: Kiana
** → English: Kiana
* → Serbo-Croatian: Дајана, Dajana
* → Spanish: Dayana

#### Translations
### Noun

Diana (plural Dianas)
* A Diana monkey.
* A Diana fritillary.

### See also

* Cynthia
* Delia

### Anagrams

* Adina, Aidan, Andai, IANAD, Ida'an, Nadia, Naiad, naiad

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From English Diana, borrowed from Latin Diāna.

### Proper noun

Diana
* a female given name from English [in turn from Latin]
* (Roman mythology) Diana; the daughter of Latona and Jupiter, and twin sister of Apollo; the goddess of the hunt, associated wild animals and the forest or wilderness, and an emblem of chastity; the Roman counterpart of Artemis
* (astronomy) the asteroid 78 Diana

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdɪjana]

### Proper noun

Diana f
* (Roman mythology) Diana (Roman goddess)
* a female given name, equivalent to English Diana

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Diana”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “Diana”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Danish
### Proper noun

Diana
* (Roman mythology) Diana
* a female given name, equivalent to English Diana

## Estonian
### Proper noun

Diana
* (Roman mythology) Diana
* a female given name, equivalent to English Diana

## Faroese
### Proper noun

Diana f
* a female given name, equivalent to English Diana

#### Usage notes

Matronymics
* son of Diana: Dianuson
* daughter of Diana: Dianudóttir

#### Declension
## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Diana f (genitive Dianas or Diana)
* (Roman mythology) Diana
* a female given name, equivalent to English Diana

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin Diana.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdja.na/, /diˈa.na/
* Rhymes: -ana
* Hyphenation: Dià‧na, Di‧à‧na

### Proper noun

Diana f
* (Roman mythology) Diana
* a female given name, equivalent to English Diana

### Proper noun

Diana m or f by sense
* a surname

### References

* ↑ Diana in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

### Anagrams

* Nadia, andai, danai

## Japanese
### Romanization

Diana
* Rōmaji transcription of ディアナ

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* Deana, Iāna, Jāna

### Etymology

Original form with long i Dīāna, derived by syncope from Dīvāna, equivalent to dīvus +‎ -āna; some inscriptions read Deiana or Deana, akin to deus +‎ -āna; both feminine stem words dīva and dea meaning “goddess” derived from Old Latin deiva, from Proto-Italic *deiwā from Proto-Indo-European *deywós from *dyew- (“heaven, day sky; to shine”). See Old Latin Diēspiter, a primitive form of Iuppiter, formed by appending a suffix to Latin diēs, cognate to both dīvus and deus.
Diana is also called Iāna (“Jana”), analogous to procope of Old Latin Diovis into Iovis (“Jove”).
The form Dīviāna occurs in Varro's attempt to explain the etymology of the name, with the now-discredited explanation that "quod luna in altitudinem et latitudinem simul <i>t, Diviana, appellata"; the intention seems to be to derive the name from dēviō (“stray, deviate”), from via (“road”). If Dīviāna was a genuinely used variant form (rather than a hypothetical form proposed as a precursor), it appears to represent a univerbation dīva +‎ Iāna, literally “Goddess Jana”.
Compare Attic Greek Διώνη (Diṓnē), Doric Greek Διώνᾱ (Diṓnā), syncopated from Ancient Greek Διϝωνᾱ (Diwōnā), from a shared root whence by analogical formation also evolved Latin Iūnō, Iūnōnis.

### Pronunciation

* Dīāna: (Old Latin) IPA: /diːˈaː.na/, [d̪iːˈäːnä]
* Diāna: (Classical Latin) IPA: /diˈaː.na/, [d̪iˈäːnä]
* Diāna: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /diˈa.na/, [d̪iˈäːnä]

### Proper noun

Dīāna or Diāna f (genitive Dīānae or Diānae); first declension
* (religion) Diana, the daughter of Latona and Jupiter, and twin sister of Apollo; the goddess of the hunt, associated with wild animals and the forest or wilderness, and an emblem of chastity; the Roman counterpart of Greek goddess Artemis.

#### Declension

Old Latin long i form Dīāna, first-declension noun
Late Latin short i form Diāna, first-declension noun

#### Descendants

* Eastern Romance
** Aromanian: dzãnã, zãnã
** Romanian: zână
* Old French: gene (“mischievous fairy”)
* Sardinian: giàna
* West Iberian
** Asturian: xana
** Galician: xa (“mischievous fairy”)
* →? Albanian: zanë
* ⇒ Neapolitan: janara (“witch”)
As a female given name:
* → Belarusian: Дзіяна (Dzijana)
* → Bulgarian: Диана (Diana)
* → Catalan: Diana
* → Coptic: Ⲇⲓⲁⲛⲏ (Dianē)
* → Czech: Diana
* → Danish: Diana
* → Dutch: Diana
* → English: Diana (see there for further descendants)
* → Estonian: Diana
* → Faroese: Diana
* → French: Diane (see there for further descendants)
* → German: Diana
* → Hungarian: Diána
* → Icelandic: Díana
* → Italian: Diana
* → Latvian: Diāna
* → Lithuanian: Diana
* → Macedonian: Дијана (Dijana)
* → Norwegian: Diana
* → Polish: Diana
* → Portuguese: Diana
* → Romani: Teany
* → Romanian: Diana
* → Russian: Диана (Diana)
* → Serbo-Croatian: Дијана, Dijana
* → Slovak: Diana
* → Slovene: Dijana
* → Spanish: Diana
* → Swedish: Diana
* → Ukrainian: Діана (Diana)

### References

* ↑ Roland G. Kent (1938) T.E. Page, E. Capps, W. H. D. Rouse, editors, Varro On The Latin Language‎, volume I, London: William Heinemann Ltd., →ISBN, pages 64-65
* ↑ Edward Greswell (1854) Origines Kalendariæ Italicæ, Nundinal Calendars of Ancient Italy, Nundinal Calendar of Romulus, Calendar of Numa Pompilius, Calendar of the Decemvirs, Irregular Roman Calendar, and Julian Correction. Tables of the Roman Calendar, from U.C. 4 of Varro B.C. 750 to U.C. 1108 A.D. 355.‎, volume I, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →OCLC, page 362

### Further reading

* “Diana”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “Diana”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* Diana in Georges, Karl Ernst, Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918) Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung
* Diana in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Lithuanian
### Proper noun

Diana f
* a female given name

## Middle English
### Proper noun

Diana
* Alternative form of Diane

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Late Latin Diāna, from Latin Dīāna, from Old Latin Dīvāna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdja.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: Dia‧na

### Proper noun

Diana f
* a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Diana

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Diana f
* (Roman mythology) Diana (Roman goddess)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Diana in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Diāna. Doublet of Daiane and Daiana.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /d͡ʒiˈɐ̃.nɐ/ [d͡ʒɪˈɐ̃.nɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ˈd͡ʒjɐ̃.nɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /d͡ʒiˈɐ̃.nɐ/ [d͡ʒɪˈɐ̃.nɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ˈd͡ʒjɐ̃.nɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /d͡ʒiˈɐ.na/ [d͡ʒɪˈɐ.na], (faster pronunciation) /ˈd͡ʒjɐ.na/
* (Portugal) IPA: /diˈɐ.nɐ/, (faster pronunciation) /ˈdjɐ.nɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /diˈɐ.nɐ/, (faster pronunciation) /ˈdjɐ.nɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /diˈa.nɐ/, (faster pronunciation) /ˈdja.nɐ/
* Hyphenation: Di‧a‧na

### Proper noun

Diana f (plural Dianas)
* (Roman mythology) Diana (Roman goddess)
* a female given name, equivalent to English Diana

### See also

* Artemisa

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdi̯ana]

### Proper noun

Diana f (genitive singular Diany, nominative plural Diany, declension pattern of žena)
* a female given name, equivalent to English Diana
* (Roman mythology) Diana

#### Derived terms

* Dianka

### Further reading

* “Diana”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin Diāna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdjana/ [ˈd̪ja.na]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: Dia‧na

### Proper noun

Diana f
* (Roman mythology) Diana
* a female given name from Latin, equivalent to English Diana

#### Related terms

* Dayana

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Diana c (genitive Dianas)
* (Roman mythology) Diana
* a female given name, equivalent to English Diana