# रत्न
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna). Doublet of रतन (ratan).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɾət̪.nᵊ/, [ɾɐt̪̚.nᵊ]
* (epenthetic) (Delhi) IPA: /ɾə.t̪ən/, [ɾɐ.t̪ɐ̃n]

### Noun

रत्न • (ratna) m
* jewel, gem, precious stone
* treasure

#### Declension
## Marathi
### Alternative forms

* रतन (ratan)

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna).

### Noun

रत्न • (ratna) n
* gem, jewel, precious stone
* collective term for 14 precious things generated during Samudra manthan.
* (figuratively) term of praise for an excellent thing in general; jewel

#### Derived terms

(Adjectives)
* रत्नजडीत (ratnajḍīt)
(Noun)
* रत्नपारखी c (ratnapārakhī)

#### Related terms

(Adjectives)
* रत्नखचित (ratnakhcit)
(Nouns)
* रत्नदीप m (ratnadīp)
* रत्नाकर m (ratnākara)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “रत्न”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

## Nepali
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rʌt̪n̪ʌ]
* Phonetic Devanagari: रत्न

### Noun

रत्न • (ratna)
* gem, jewel

## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* ৰত্ন (Assamese script)
* ᬭᬢ᭄ᬦ (Balinese script)
* রত্ন (Bengali script)
* 𑰨𑰝𑰿𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* ရတ္န (Burmese script)
* રત્ન (Gujarati script)
* ਰਤ੍ਨ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌰𑌤𑍍𑌨 (Grantha script)
* ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ (Javanese script)
* 𑂩𑂞𑂹𑂢 (Kaithi script)
* ರತ್ನ (Kannada script)
* រត្ន (Khmer script)
* ຣຕ຺ນ (Lao script)
* രത്ന (Malayalam script)
* ᡵᠠᢠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘨𑘝𑘿𑘡 (Modi script)
* ᠷᠠᢐᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧈𑦽𑧠𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐬𑐟𑑂𑐣 (Newa script)
* ରତ୍ନ (Odia script)
* ꢬꢡ꣄ꢥ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆫𑆠𑇀𑆤 (Sharada script)
* 𑖨𑖝𑖿𑖡 (Siddham script)
* රත‍්න (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩼𑩫 𑪙𑩯 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚤𑚙𑚶𑚝 (Takri script)
* ரத்ந (Tamil script)
* రత్న (Telugu script)
* รตฺน (Thai script)
* ར་ཏྣ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒩𑒞𑓂𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨫𑨙𑩇𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From राति (rāti, “granter”).

### Noun

रत्न • (rátna) stem, n
* gift, present, goods, wealth, riches (RV., AV., ŚBr.)
* jewel, gem, treasure, precious stone (the nine jewel are pearl, ruby, topaz, diamond, emerald, lapis lazuli, coral, sapphire, गोमेद (gomeda); hence ratna is a name for the number 9; but according to some 14) (Mn. MBh. etc.)
* anything valuable or best of its kind (e. g. पुत्ररत्न (putra-ratna, “an excellent son”))
* magnet, loadstone (Kap., Sch.) (compare मणि (maṇi))
* water (L.)
* = रत्नहविस् (ratna-havis) (ŚBr.)

#### Derived terms

* प्रभूतरत्न (prabhūtaratna)
* रत्नकन्दल (ratnakandala)
* रत्नगर्भा (ratnagarbhā)
* रत्नगिरि (ratnagiri)
* रत्नतल्प (ratnatalpa)
* रत्नदीप (ratnadīpa)
* रत्नप्रभ (ratnaprabha)
* रत्नराशि (ratnarāśi)
* रत्नसम्भव (ratnasambhava)
* रत्नसानु (ratnasānu)
* रत्नाकर (ratnākara)
* रत्नाभरण (ratnābharaṇa)
* रत्नावली (ratnāvalī)

#### Descendants

* → Hindi: रत्न (ratna)
* → Malayalam: രത്നം (ratnaṁ)
* → Marathi: रत्न (ratna)
* → Nepali: रत्न (ratna)
* → Old Javanese: ratna
** > Javanese: ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ (ratna), ꦉꦠ꧀ꦤ (retna) (inherited)
* Pali: ratana
** → Burmese: ရတနာ (ra.ta.na)
** → Khmer: រត្ន (rŭətnɔɔ)
** → Thai: รัตนะ (rát-dtà-ná)
* → Punjabi: ਰਤਨ (ratan)
* → Tamil: இரத்தினம் (irattiṉam), ரத்தினம் (rattiṉam)
* → Telugu: రత్నము (ratnamu)

### References

* Haughton, Graves C. (1833) “ৰত্ন”, in A Dictionary, Bengálí and Sanskrit, Explained in English, and Adapted for Students of Either Language‎, London: J. L. Cox & Son, page 2373
* Monier Williams (1899) “रत्न”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0864.