# しく
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of しく – see the following entries. :
| 【市区】 | [noun] municipal district |
| 【四苦】 | [noun] (Buddhism) the four kinds of suffering: birth, old age, disease and death |
(This term, しく (shiku), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as しく, see Category:Japanese kanji read as しく.) :

### Etymology 2

* Alternative spellings
* 敷く 布く 施く (rare)
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *sik-.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しく [shìkú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕikɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「敷く」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 敷く | しく | [shìkú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 敷け | しけ | [shìké] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 敷かれる | しかれる | [shìkárérú] |
| Causative | 敷かせる | しかせる | [shìkásérú] |
| Potential | 敷ける | しける | [shìkérú] |
| Volitional | 敷こう | しこー | [shìkóꜜò] |
| Negative | 敷かない | しかない | [shìkánáí] |
| Negative perfective | 敷かなかった | しかなかった | [shìkánáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 敷きます | しきます | [shìkímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 敷いた | しいた | [shìítá] |
| Conjunctive | 敷いて | しいて | [shìíté] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 敷けば | しけば | [shìkéꜜbà] |

#### Verb

しく • (shiku) godan (stem しき (shiki), past しいた (shiita))
* to spread, to lay
* to install
    定年制(ていねんせい)を敷(し)く
       teinensei o shiku
       to implement mandatory retirement

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | しか | shika |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | しき | shiki |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | しく | shiku |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | しく | shiku |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | しけ | shike |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | しけ | shike |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | しかれる | shikareru |
| Causative | しかせる しかす | shikaseru shikasu |
| Potential | しける | shikeru |
| Volitional | しこう | shikō |
| Negative | しかない | shikanai |
| Negative continuative | しかず | shikazu |
| Formal | しきます | shikimasu |
| Perfective | しいた | shiita |
| Conjunctive | しいて | shiite |
| Hypothetical conditional | しけば | shikeba |

##### Derived terms

* 布団(ふとん)を敷(し)く (futon o shiku, “to make the bed”)

### Etymology 3

* Alternative spellings
* 如く 若く 及く

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しく [shìkú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕikɯ̟]

#### Verb

しく • (shiku) godan (stem しき (shiki), past しいた (shiita))
* to equal; to match; to be comparable with; to rival

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | しか | shika |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | しき | shiki |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | しく | shiku |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | しく | shiku |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | しけ | shike |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | しけ | shike |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | しかれる | shikareru |
| Causative | しかせる しかす | shikaseru shikasu |
| Potential | しける | shikeru |
| Volitional | しこう | shikō |
| Negative | しかない | shikanai |
| Negative continuative | しかず | shikazu |
| Formal | しきます | shikimasu |
| Perfective | しいた | shiita |
| Conjunctive | しいて | shiite |
| Hypothetical conditional | しけば | shikeba |

##### Derived terms

* 如(し)くはない (shiku wa nai)
* 如(し)くはなし (shiku wa nashi)
* 如(し)かず (shikazu, “be worse than”)
* 百聞(ひゃくぶん)は一見(いっけん)に如(し)かず (hyakubun wa ikken ni shikazu)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN