# doe
## Translingual
### Symbol

doe
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Doe.

## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /dəʊ/
* (US) enPR: dō, IPA: /doʊ/
* Rhymes: -əʊ
* Homophones: doh, d'oh, dough, do (in music)
* Audio (UK):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English do, from Old English dā (“female deer”), from Proto-West Germanic *daijā, from Proto-Germanic *dajjǭ (“female deer, mother deer”), from Proto-Germanic *dajjaną (“to suckle”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck (milk), to suckle”).
Cognate with Scots da, dae (“female deer”), Alemannic German tē (“doe”), Danish då (“deer, doe”), Sanskrit धेनु (dhenú, “cow, milk-cow”), Old English dēon (“to suckle”), Old English delu (“teat”). Related also to female, filial, fetus.

#### Noun

doe (countable and uncountable, plural doe or does)
* A female deer; also used of similar animals such as antelope (less commonly a goat, as nanny is also used).
** 1923 October, Robert Frost, “[Grace Notes.] Two Look at Two.”, in New Hampshire […], New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Company, →OCLC, page 95:A doe from round a spruce stood looking at them Across the wall, as near the wall as they. She saw them in their field, they her in hers.
* A female rabbit.
* A female hare.
* A female squirrel.
* A female kangaroo.

##### Synonyms

* (female deer): hind (female red deer)
* (female kangaroo): blue flyer (female red kangaroo)

##### Derived terms

* doe-eyed
* doe eyes
* doelike
* doeling
* doe party
* doeskin
* doey

##### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

doe (third-person singular simple present does, present participle doing or doth, simple past did or didde, past participle done)
* Obsolete spelling of do.
** 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 17, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:As salutations, reverences, or conges, by which some doe often purchase the honour, (but wrongfully) to be humble, lowly, and courteous […].
** 1620, Mayflower Compact:[…] a voyage to plant yͤ first colonie in yͤ Northerne parts of Virginia, doe by these presents solemnly & mutualy in yͤ presence of God […]

### Etymology 3
#### Adverb

doe (not comparable)
* (African-American Vernacular, MLE) though

### Anagrams

* ODE, Ode, EOD, OED, deo, EDO, ode, Edo, -ode

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /du/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: doe
* Rhymes: -u

### Etymology 1
#### Verb

doe
* inflection of doen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative
** (dated or formal) singular present subjunctive

### Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch doe.

#### Adverb

doe
* (now dialectal) Alternative form of toen

#### Conjunction

doe
* (now dialectal) Alternative form of toen

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo du, probably from Ewe ɖú (“dance”), Fon ɖùwè (“dance”).

#### Noun

doe m (plural doe's)
* (Suriname, historical) a festival of song and dance organised and performed by and for enslaved people

##### Derived terms

* doegezelschap

### Anagrams

* deo

## Galician
### Verb

doe
* inflection of doar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative
* inflection of doer:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Limburgish
### Alternative forms

* du (German based spelling)
* dou (Eupen, Krefeld)
* de (unstressed form)
* -te (clitic)

### Etymology

From Middle Dutch du, from Old Dutch thū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [duː˨]
* Hyphenation: doe
* Rhymes: -uː

### Pronoun

doe
* thou, you (singular)

#### Declension

| | | nominative | nominative | accusative | accusative | dative | dative | reflexive | reflexive |
| | | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | str. | unstr. | reflexive | reflexive |
| 1st person singular | 1st person singular | ich | 'ch | mich | m'ch | mir | m'r | like dat. and acc. |
| 2nd person singular (informal) | 2nd person singular (informal) | doe | de | dich | d'ch | dir | d'r | like dat. and acc. |
| 2nd person singular (formal) | 2nd person singular (formal) | duur | 'r | uch | uch [əç] | uch | uch [əç] | like dat. and acc. |
| 3rd person singular | m | heë deë | e de | dem | d'm | hem dem | 'm | zich |
| 3rd person singular | f | zie het | ze 't | dem | d'm | hem dem | 'm | zich |
| 3rd person singular | n | det | 't | dem | d'm | hem dem | 'm | zich |
| 1st person plural | 1st person plural | vir | v'r | ós | — | ós | — | like dat. and acc. |
| 2nd person plural | 2nd person plural | duur | 'r | uch | uch [əç] | uch | uch [əç] | like dat. and acc. |
| 3rd person plural | 3rd person plural | zie die | ze | hön | — | hönnen | — | zich |

## Lindu
### Noun

doe
* end; tip

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology 1

From Old Dutch thuo, related to thie (“that one”).

#### Adverb

doe
* then, at that time, at the time
* then, after that

##### Alternative forms

* doen

##### Descendants

* Dutch: toen
* Limburgish: doe

#### Conjunction

doe
* when, at the time that

##### Alternative forms

* doen

##### Descendants

* Dutch: toen
* Limburgish: doe

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

doe
* inflection of doen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** singular imperative

### Further reading

* “doe, doen (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* “doe, doen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “doe (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *dowsants.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdo.e/

### Noun

döe f (genitive doat, nominative plural doit)
* upper arm

#### Inflection

Feminine nt-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | doe | doit$^L$ | doit |
| Vocative | doe | doit$^L$ | doitea |
| Accusative | doit$^N$ | doit$^L$ | doitea |
| Genitive | doat | doat$^L$ | doat$^N$ |
| Dative | doit$^L$ | doitib | doitib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: dóit
** Irish: dóid

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*dowsant-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 103-104

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “doe”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈdo.i/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈdo.i/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈdo.e/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈdo.ɨ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈdo.ɨ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈdo(w).ɨ/

### Verb

doe
* inflection of doar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## Welsh
### Etymology

See ddoe (“yesterday”)

### Adverb

doe
* yesterday

## West Frisian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /du/

### Adverb

doe
* then, at that time (which is presumably in the past)
    Doe, saken wienen net lykas no.Then, things were not like now.

#### Derived terms

* doetiid

#### Further reading

* “doe”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011