# 火災
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huǒzāi
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄗㄞ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fo$^2$ zoi$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fó-châi
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hér-chai / hé-chai / hóe-chai
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huê$^2$ zai$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huǒzāi
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄗㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huǒzai
*** Wade–Giles: huo$^3$-tsai$^1$
*** Yale: hwǒ-dzāi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huootzai
*** Palladius: хоцзай (xoczaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fo$^2$ zoi$^1$
*** Yale: fó jōi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fo$^2$ dzoi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fo$^2$ zoi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔː³⁵ t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fó-châi
*** Hakka Romanization System: fo$^ˋ$ zai$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fo$^3$ zai$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /fo³¹ t͡sai̯²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hér-chai
*** Tâi-lô: hér-tsai
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hə⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sai³³/
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hé-chai
*** Tâi-lô: hé-tsai
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hefzay
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sai⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóe-chai
*** Tâi-lô: hué-tsai
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoefzay
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sai⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sai⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: huê$^2$ zai$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hué tsai
*** Sinological IPA : /hue⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sai³³/

### Noun

火災
* fire (as a disaster); conflagration (Classifier: 場／场 m)
    撲滅火災／扑灭火灾 ― pūmiè huǒzāi ― to extinguish a fire
       Yù yǒu huǒzāi qǐng wù shǐyòng diàntī. [Pinyin]
       Do not use elevator in case of fire.

#### Synonyms

* 大火 (dàhuǒ)
* 火患 (huǒhuàn) (archaic or Malaysia, Singapore)
* 火燒 / 火烧 (Hokkien)
* 火燭 / 火烛 (fo$^2$ zuk$^1$) (Cantonese)
* 火警 (huǒjǐng)
* 燒火 / 烧火 (Hakka)

#### Derived terms

* 森林火災 / 森林火灾 (sēnlín huǒzāi)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 火 | 災 |
| か Grade: 1 | さい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

/kwasai/ → /kasai/
From Middle Chinese compound 火災 (xwa$^X$ tsoj). Compare modern Mandarin reading huǒzāi.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かさい [kàsáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠sa̠i]

### Noun

火(か)災(さい) • (kasai)
* fire, conflagration (as in a disaster)
* (Buddhism) one of the three major calamities that destroy the world

#### Derived terms

* 火(か)災(さい)救(きゅう)助(じょ)袋(ぶくろ) (kasai kyūjo-bukuro): a cloth escape chute installed in tall buildings in Japan to facilitate escape from a fire
* 火(か)災(さい)警報(けいほう) (kasai keihō): a fire alarm (a sound, not a device)
* 火(か)災(さい)避(ひ)難(なん)訓練(くんれん) (kasai hinan kunren): a fire drill
* 火(か)災(さい)避(ひ)難(なん)路(ろ) (kasai hinanro): a fire escape, a fire escape route
* 火(か)災(さい)保(ほ)険(けん) (kasai hoken): fire insurance
* 火(か)災(さい)報(ほう)知機(ちき) (kasai hōchiki): a fire alarm (a device, not a sound)
* 火(か)災(さい)予(よ)防(ぼう)条(じょう)例(れい) (kasai yobō jōrei): a fire prevention law or ordinance, a fire code

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 火 | 災 |

### Noun

火災 • (hwajae) (hangeul 화재)
* hanja form of 화재 (“fire (as a disaster), blaze, conflagration”)