OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# manoy
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

From a clipping of Spanish hermano (“brother”) + -y.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmanoj/ [ˈma.n̪oɪ̯] (Naga)
* IPA: /maˈnoj/ [maˈn̪oɪ̯] (Legazpi)
* Hyphenation: ma‧noy

### Noun

mánoy or manóy (feminine manay, Basahan spelling ᜋᜈᜓᜌ᜔)
* elder brother; big brother
    Nagtatabang si manoy sa samuyang mga magurang sa mga gibohon sa harong.Our big brother helps our parents do housework.
* (informal) respectful term of address or honorific for a young man or boy or any male older than oneself; mister; bro
    Nagbakal ako nin sorbetes hali ki manoy.I bought ice cream from the mister.
* (informal) disrespectful term of address for a man who has a small penis or a term for penis
    "Isa kang manoy!""You have a small penis!"
    "Maliit manoy mo!""Your penis is small!"

#### Synonyms

* kuya

#### Descendants

* → Tagalog: manóy

#### See also

* ermano

## Cebuano
### Alternative forms

* manuy

### Etymology

From a clipping of Spanish hermano (“brother”) +‎ -y.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ma‧noy
* IPA: /ˈmanui/ [ˈma.n̪ʊɪ]

### Noun

manoy (feminine manay)
* older brother; big brother; elder brother
* uncle
* term of address for an elder brother: big bro
* term of address for an uncle: uncle
* term of address for any man older than the speaker, not necessarily an elderly man: mister

### Interjection

manoy
* Expression of submission by a person who has been defeated in a scuffle
    Hala, mánuy arun dílì ku lubáun ning ímung buktun.Go on, say ‘uncle’ so I won’t twist your arm.

#### Derived terms

* Manoy
* noy

#### Related terms

* Manang
* manang
* mano
* manong
* Manong
* nong

### Further reading

* John U. Wolff (1972) A dictionary of Cebuano Visayan‎ (overall work in Cebuano and English), Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

From a clipping of Spanish hermano (“brother”) +‎ -y.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ma‧noy
* IPA: /maˈnoj/ [maˈnoj]

### Noun

manoy (feminine manay)
* (familiar) eldest brother
* (familiar) term of address for the eldest brother: big bro

#### Derived terms

* Manoy

#### Related terms

* manang
* Manang
* manong
* Manong

### Further reading

* John Kaufmann (1934) Visayan-English Dictionary‎ (overall work in Hiligaynon and English)

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Bikol Central manoy (“big brother”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /maˈnoj/ [mɐˈn̪oɪ̯]
* Rhymes: -oj
* Syllabification: ma‧noy

### Noun

manóy (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜈᜓᜌ᜔)
* (slang, anatomy) penis

### Anagrams

* Mayon, monay
# Amsterdams
## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* Amsterdamsch (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Amsterdam +‎ -s (adjective suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌɑm.stərˈdɑms/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Am‧ster‧dams

### Adjective

Amsterdams (comparative Amsterdamser, superlative meest Amsterdams or Amsterdamst)
* from Amsterdam, relating to that Dutch city

#### Derived terms

* Amsterdams kwartiertje
* Amsterdams pond
* Amsterdamse bak
* Amsterdamse School
* Amsterdamse tijd
* Amsterdamse ui
* Amsterdamse voet
* Normaal Amsterdams Peil
# tudós
## Hungarian
### Etymology

tud +‎ -ós

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtudoːʃ]
* Hyphenation: tu‧dós
* Rhymes: -oːʃ

### Adjective

tudós (comparative tudósabb, superlative legtudósabb)
* erudite, scholarly, learned

#### Declension
### Noun

tudós (plural tudósok)
* scientist, scholar (specialist in a particular branch of knowledge)

#### Derived terms

* tudósít
* adattudós
* földrajztudós
* társadalomtudós

### Further reading

* tudós in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# llista
## Asturian
### Noun

llista f (plural llistes)
* list

#### Derived terms

* llista negra

## Catalan
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *lista, from Frankish *līsta, from Proto-Germanic *līstǭ (“strip”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈʎis.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈʎis.ta]
* Audio:(file)

#### Noun

llista f (plural llistes)
* strip (fabric or wood)
* stripe
    Synonym: ratlla
* (heraldry) bendlet
* list
* ribbonfish (Trachipterus trachypterus)
    Synonym: faixa
* red bandfish
    Synonym: veta

##### Derived terms

* allistar
* llista d'espera
* llista d'èxits
* llista de seguiment
* llista electoral
* llista fantasma
* llista negra
* llistar
* llistó

#### Further reading

* “llista” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

llista
* inflection of llistar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
# gondok
## Hungarian
### Etymology

gond +‎ -ok (plural suffix)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡondok]
* Hyphenation: gon‧dok

### Noun

gondok
* nominative plural of gond

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡɔndɔk̚]
* Hyphenation: gon‧dok

### Etymology 1

From Malay gondok.

#### Noun

gondok (uncountable)
* (pathology) goiter, goitre: an enlargement of the front and sides of the neck caused by inflammation of the thyroid gland.
    Synonym: struma

#### Adjective

gondok
* short and thick.

### Etymology 2

From Betawi [Term?], from Javanese ꦒꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴ (gondho, “to throw”).

#### Adjective

gondok
* (dialect, colloquial) angry, furious; annoyed.
    Synonyms: dongkol, marah

##### Derived terms

* menggondokkan

### Further reading

* “gondok” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# ebakwasyon
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish evacuación.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔebakwasˈjon/ [ʔɛ.bɐk.wɐˈʃon̪]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /ʔebakwasˈjon/ [ʔɛ.bɐk.wɐsˈjon̪]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: e‧bak‧was‧yon

### Noun

ebakwasyón (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜊᜃ᜔ᜏᜐ᜔ᜌᜓᜈ᜔)
* evacuation
    Synonyms: likas, paglikas, bakwit

#### Related terms

* bakwet
* ebak

### References

* “ebakwasyon”, in Pinoy Dictionary, 2010–2025
# segell
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin sigillum (compare French sceau, Spanish sello). Doublet of sigil.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [səˈʒeʎ]
* IPA: (Valencia) [seˈd͡ʒeʎ]
* Rhymes: -eʎ

### Noun

segell m (plural segells)
* stamp; seal

#### Derived terms

* contrasegell
* mata-segells
* porta-segells
* segell de ram
* segell de Salomó
* sobresegell

#### Related terms

* segellar

### Further reading

* “segell” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “segell” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
# aguhon
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish agujón (“large needle”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔaɡuˈhon/ [ʔɐ.ɣʊˈhon̪]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: a‧gu‧hon

### Noun

aguhón (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜄᜓᜑᜓᜈ᜔)
* very large needle
    Synonym: karayom
* pair of compasses; compass for drawing circles
    Synonym: kompas

#### Related terms

* agihon
* agudo
* aguha
* aguheta
* aguhilya
* akumen
* asebo

### Further reading

* “aguhon”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “aguhon”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* “aguhon”, in Pinoy Dictionary, 2010–2025
* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 19
# tegmental
## English
### Etymology

From tegmentum +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɛntəl

### Adjective

tegmental (not comparable)
* Of or pertaining to tegmentum, or the ventral portion of the mesencephalon.
    The projections to the frontal lobe that are damaged in schizophrenia originate in the ventral tegmental area.

#### Derived terms

* mammillotegmental
* mammilotegmental
* pallidotegmental
* reticulotegmental
* transtegmental
* ventral tegmental area
# benditado
## Cebuano
### Etymology

bendita +‎ -ado

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ben‧di‧ta‧do

### Adjective

benditado
* blessed, consecrated; having been conferred blessing or consecrated

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* binditado

### Etymology

From bendita +‎ -ado. See also Spanish bendecido, past participle of bendecir (“to bless”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /bendiˈtado/ [bɛn̪.d̪ɪˈt̪aː.d̪o]
* Rhymes: -ado
* Syllabification: ben‧di‧ta‧do

### Adjective

benditado (feminine bendita, Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜒᜆᜇᜓ)
* blessed
    Synonyms: banal, pinagpala, nabasbasan, biniyayaan, bendito

#### Related terms

* agwa-bendita
* bendisyon
* bendita
* bendito
* pila de agwa bendita

### Further reading

* “benditado”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914) Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 131.
* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 78
# papillary
## English
### Etymology

From papilla +‎ -ary.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɪləɹi

### Adjective

papillary (comparative more papillary, superlative most papillary)
* Having the properties or appearance of a papilla (nipple).
    Synonym: papillar

#### Derived terms

* circumpapillary
* extrapapillary
* interpapillary
* intrapapillary
* juxtapapillary
* maculopapillary
* micropapillary
* midpapillary
* multipapillary
* myxopapillary
* nonpapillary
* papillary muscle
* parapapillary
* peripapillary
* pseudopapillary
* subpapillary
* transpapillary
* vitreopapillary
# plenumi
## Esperanto
### Etymology

From plena (“full”) +‎ -um- +‎ -i.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [plenˈumi]
* Rhymes: -umi
* Hyphenation: plen‧um‧i

### Verb

plenumi (present plenumas, past plenumis, future plenumos, conditional plenumus, volitive plenumu)
* to fulfill

#### Derived terms

* plenumiĝi
* plenumo
# cordó
## Catalan
### Etymology

From corda (“string”) +‎ -ó. Compare French cordon, Italian cordone.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [kurˈdo]
* IPA: (Balearic) [korˈdo]
* IPA: (Valencia) [koɾˈðo]

### Noun

cordó m (plural cordons)
* cord, string
* shoelace
* (anatomy) cord
* (military) cordon
* (castells) each of the concentric circles formed by castellers in the pinya

#### Derived terms

* cordó sanitari
* cordó umbilical
* cordonada
* cordonat
* cordoner
* cordonet
* cordons de gitana

### Further reading

* “cordó” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
# 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, healthy, sound”).

### Adjective

𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 • (hails)
* whole
* healthy, well
* sound

#### Declension

A-stem :
| Strong (indefinite) inflection ||||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 hails | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 haila | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻, 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌰 hail, hailata |
| Accusative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌰 hailana | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 haila | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻, 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌰 hail, hailata |
| Genitive | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍃 hailis | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 hailaizōs | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍃 hailis |
| Dative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 hailamma | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹 hailai | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 hailamma |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹 hailai | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐍃 hailōs | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 haila |
| Accusative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 hailans | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐍃 hailōs | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 haila |
| Genitive | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 hailaizē | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 hailaizō | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 hailaizē |
| Dative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 hailaim | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 hailaim | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌼 hailaim |
| Weak (definite) inflection ||||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 haila | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉 hailō | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉 hailō |
| Accusative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽 hailan | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽 hailōn | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉 hailō |
| Genitive | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌽𐍃 hailins | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 hailōns | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌽𐍃 hailins |
| Dative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌽 hailin | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽 hailōn | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌽 hailin |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 hailans | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 hailōns | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽𐌰 hailōna |
| Accusative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 hailans | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 hailōns | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽𐌰 hailōna |
| Genitive | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌴 hailanē | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍉 hailōnō | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌴 hailanē |
| Dative | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼 hailam | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌼 hailōm | 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼 hailam |

#### Derived terms

* 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (gahails)
* 𐌿𐌽𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (unhails)

#### Related terms

* 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌽𐌰𐌽 (gahailnan)
* 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌲𐍃 (hailags)
* 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hailjan)

### Interjection

𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 • (hails)
* hail! greetings!
** Gothic Bible, John 19.3
    𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌿𐌽: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌴! 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌴𐌱𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌻𐍉𐍆𐌹𐌽.jah qēþun: hails þiudans iudaiē! jah gēbun imma slahins lōfin.... and [they] said, Hail, King of the Jews! and they smote him with their hands. (KJV)
# -jiwan
## Ojibwe
### Etymology

From Proto-Algonquian *-ičiwan (“flow”). Cognate with Menominee -cewan (“flow”), Cree -ciwan/-ᒋᐊᐧᐣ (-ciayn, “flow”).

### Verb

-jiwan
* to flow

#### Derived terms

* animijiwan
* animwewejiwan
* aabijijiwan
* bakejiwan
* bakijijiwan
* bedwewejiwan
* bejijiwan
* bimijijiwan
* bimijiwan
* biidwewejiwan
* biijijiwan
* biindigejiwan
* biinjijiwan
* danwewejiwan
* gakaamikijiwan
* gakijiwan
* gizhibaajiwan
* gizhiijiwan
* gizhiiwewejiwan
* izhijiwan
* madaabiijiwan
* madwejiwan
* maajijiwan
* mookijiwan
* mookijiwanibiig
* niisijiwan
* onjijiwan
* waawiyejiwan
* zaagijiwan
* zaasijiwan
* ziigijiwan
* zhaabojiwan

#### Related terms

* -aajiwan-
* wenji-maajiijiwang (source of the Mississippi)

### Further reading

* The Ojibwe People's Dictionary (https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/word-part/jiwan-final)
# ensoul
## English
### Etymology

From en- +‎ soul.

### Verb

ensoul (third-person singular simple present ensouls, present participle ensouling, simple past and past participle ensouled)
* (transitive) To give a soul or place in the soul.
    Many creation myths tell of a deity who is believed to ensoul humans.

#### Related terms

* ensoulment

### Anagrams

* nousle, unlose
# for goodness' sake
## English
### Alternative forms

* for goodness sake (nonstandard)

### Etymology

A Minced version of for God's sake.

### Pronunciation

* (US, Canada) IPA: /fɔɹ ˈɡʊdnəs seɪk/
* (UK, Received Pronunciation) IPA: /fə ˈɡʊdnəs seɪk/

### Prepositional phrase

for goodness' sake
* (idiomatic, euphemistic) Used to express frustration, exasperation, annoyance.
    For goodness' sake, get off the computer! You've been on there for ages!
** 2015 April 28, Tracey Spicer, “Taming tiny terrors: How to have a happy family holiday”, in The Press:You're 47, for goodness' sake. Too old for this!
** 2017 May 1, Dana Johannsen, “What happens when you watch six hours of ANZ Premiership netball?”, in New Zealand Herald:She's 1.98m for goodness sake! How can you not find her!?
* (idiomatic, euphemistic) Used to express surprise or amazement.
    For goodness' sake, I spelled that word correctly. I never knew I could do that.
** 1921, Printers' Ink Monthly - Volumes 3-4, page 42:No salesman is ever a bore if he can make us throw up our hands and say, "Well, for goodness' sake! What do you know about that ?" Yes, surprise is the thing.
** 2008, Walter Isaacson, Einstein: His Life and Universe, →ISBN:“For goodness' sake,” Einstein exclaimed. “So that was the famous caviar!" He paused for a moment, then added, "Well, if you offer gourmet food to peasants like me, you know they won't appreciate it."
** 2014, Louise Millar, The Hidden Girl: A Novel, →ISBN, page 179:For goodness' sake, we go to Spain for a week and get new next-door neighbors! How lovely!
** 2016 November 24, Te Ahua Maitland, “Woman celebrating 100th birthday receives 50 double-ups on cards”, in The Southland Times:I thought, for goodness' sake, fancy them being the same!
* (idiomatic, euphemistic) Used for emphasis
** 1888, Harrison and Morton, The Tippecanoe Campaign Songster:They'll try all they can to deceive and to cheat, But for goodness sake don't say I told you.
** 2012 -, Hazel Holt, No Cure for Death, →ISBN:Well, for goodness sake let me know if I can do anything.
** 2013 August 26, Bryony Gordon, “'I am not normally a stickler for tradition – I had a baby out of wedlock, for goodness sake'”, in The Telegraph:I am not normally a stickler for tradition – I had a baby out of wedlock, for goodness sake – but for some reason I want Harry to be my husband.
** 2017 May 9, “Time for former champions to start again”, in Taranaki Daily News:But for goodness sake, please review the plan and come up with detail that distinguishes each groups cultural identity and is something that the players can own.
** 2017 May 14, Susan Estrich, “Mothers and memories”, in The Exponent Telegram:These young women are busy, for goodness' sake, tired and overworked, stressed, trying to find time for themselves in days that have too little.

#### Synonyms

* for God's sake
* for Christ's sake
* Jesus Christ!
* Christ almighty!
* for fuck's sake
* FFS (abbreviation)
* for crying out loud
* for Pete's sake
* See Thesaurus:for the love of God
# bakir
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Arabic بَاكِر (bākir)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bɑːˈcir], [bɑːˈt͡ʃir]
* Hyphenation: ba‧kir
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

bakir
* virgin
** not having had sexual intercourse
** not yet cultivated, explored, or exploited by humans
* pure, unsullied, untarnished

#### Derived terms

* bakirlik

### Noun

bakir (definite accusative bakiri, plural bakirlər)
* virgin (male)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “bakir” in Obastan.com.

## Icelandic
### Verb

bakir
* second-person singular active present subjunctive of baka

## Ido
### Verb

bakir
* past infinitive of bakar

## Ilocano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ba‧kir
* IPA: /ˈbakiɾ/

### Noun

bákir
* forest; woods

#### Derived terms

* agbakir
* bakiran
* bumakir

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Arabic بَاكِر (bākir).

### Noun

bakir (definite accusative bakiri, plural bakirler)
* virgin (male); male equivalent of bakire (“virgin”)

#### Derived terms

* bakirlik

#### Related terms

* bakire

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “bakir”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# Éireannach
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish Érennach, equivalent to Éireann (“Ireland”) +‎ -ach.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster, Connacht) IPA: /ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠəx/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠa(h)/

### Adjective

Éireannach (genitive singular masculine Éireannaigh, genitive singular feminine Éireannaí, plural Éireannacha, comparative Éireannaí)
* Irish (nationality, ethnicity, language, culture, etc.)

#### Derived terms

* Angla-Éireannach (“Anglo-Irish”, adjective)
* Éireannachas m (“Irish characteristic(s)”)
* iúr Éireannach m (“Irish, Florence Court, yew”)

### Noun

Éireannach m (genitive singular Éireannaigh, nominative plural Éireannaigh)
* An Irish person, male or female

#### Usage notes

* Used for either male or female persons, but declined as a first-declension masculine noun either way.

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
Éireannach
Éireannaigh
vocative
a Éireannaigh
a Éireannacha
genitive
Éireannaigh
Éireannach
dative
Éireannach
Éireannaigh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an tÉireannach
na hÉireannaigh
genitive
an Éireannaigh
na nÉireannach
dative
leis an Éireannach don Éireannach
leis na hÉireannaigh :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “Éireannach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “Érennach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “Éireannach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 95
* “Éireannach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Scottish Gaelic
### Adjective

Éireannach
* Dated form of Èireannach.

### Noun

Éireannach m (genitive singular Éireannaich, plural Éireannaich)
* Dated form of Èireannach.
# कठिन
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कठिन (kaṭhina).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /kə.ʈʰɪn/, [kɐ.ʈʰɪ̃n]

### Adjective

कठिन • (kaṭhin) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling کٹھن)
* difficult, challenging, arduous
    Synonyms: मुश्किल (muśkil), कड़ा (kaṛā)
    Antonym: सरल (saral)
    प्रत्येक व्यक्ति को प्रसन्न करना बहुत कठिन है।pratyek vyakti ko prasann karnā bahut kaṭhin hai.It is very difficult to please everybody.

#### Derived terms

* कठिनाई (kaṭhināī)

#### Related terms

* कठिनता (kaṭhintā)

### Further reading

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “कठिन”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
* Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “कठिन”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
* “कठिन”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “कठिन”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “कठिन”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Platts, John T. (1884) “कठिन”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* কঠিন (Assamese script)
* ᬓᬞᬶᬦ (Balinese script)
* কঠিন (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰙𑰰𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑀞𑀺𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* ကဌိန (Burmese script)
* કઠિન (Gujarati script)
* ਕਠਿਨ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑌠𑌿𑌨 (Grantha script)
* ꦏꦜꦶꦤ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂘𑂱𑂢 (Kaithi script)
* ಕಠಿನ (Kannada script)
* កឋិន (Khmer script)
* ກຐິນ (Lao script)
* കഠിന (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᠠᡱᡳᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘙𑘱𑘡 (Modi script)
* ᢉᠠᢍᠢᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑦹𑧒𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑐛𑐶𑐣 (Newa script)
* କଠିନ (Odia script)
* ꢒꢝꢶꢥ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑆜𑆴𑆤 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖙𑖰𑖡 (Siddham script)
* කඨින (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜𑩧𑩑𑩯 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚕𑚮𑚝 (Takri script)
* கடி²ந (Tamil script)
* కఠిన (Telugu script)
* กฐิน (Thai script)
* ཀ་ཋི་ན (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑒚𑒱𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑨕𑨁𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Probably from the root कठ् (kaṭh, “to live in distress”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /kɐ.ʈʰi.nɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈkɐ.ʈʰi.n̪ɐ/

### Adjective

कठिन • (kaṭhina) stem
* difficult
* stiff, hard, firm
* harsh, cruel, inflexible
* violent (as pain)

#### Derived terms

* कठिनचित्त (kaṭhinacitta)
* कठिनता (kaṭhinatā)
* कठिनत्व (kaṭhinatva)
* कठिनपृष्ठ (kaṭhinapṛṣṭha)
* कठिनपृष्ठक (kaṭhinapṛṣṭhaka)
* कठिनहृदय (kaṭhinahṛdaya)

#### Descendants

* → Bengali: কঠিন (koṭhin)
* → Hindi: कठिन (kaṭhin)
* → Kannada: ಕಠಿಣ (kaṭhiṇa)
* → Malayalam: കഠിനം (kaṭhinaṁ)
* → Marathi: कठीण (kaṭhīṇ)
* → Tamil: கடினம் (kaṭiṉam)
* → Telugu: కఠినము (kaṭhinamu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “कठिन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 244.