# 撚

| 撚 | U+649A, &#25754; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-649A |
| ← 撙 [U+6499] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 撛 → [U+649B] |
| 撚 | U+F991, &#63889; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F991 |
| ← 戀 [U+F990] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 漣 → [U+F992] |

## Translingual
### Han character

撚 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 手月大火 (QBKF), four-corner 5303$_3$, composition ⿰扌然)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 454, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12713
* Dae Jaweon: page 804, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1961, character 5
* Unihan data for U+649A
* Unihan data for U+F991

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 撚
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 嘫 | *rneːn |
| 然 | *njen |
| 肰 | *njen |
| 繎 | *njon, *njen |
| 燃 | *njen |
| 蹨 | *njenʔ, *neːnʔ |
| 橪 | *njenʔ, *ʔneːn |
| 撚 | *neːnʔ |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): niǎn (nian$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): nan$^2$ / nin$^2$ / nin$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngién / ngián
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lián
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: niǎn
*** Wade–Giles: nien$^3$
*** Yale: nyǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nean
*** Palladius: нянь (njanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯ɛn²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: nan$^2$ / nin$^2$ / nin$^5$
*** Yale: nán / nín / níhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: nan$^2$ / nin$^2$ / nin$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nen$^2$ / nin$^2$ / nin$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /nɐn³⁵/, /niːn³⁵/, /niːn¹³/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngién
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngien$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngian$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯en³¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngián
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngian$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngian$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯an³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lián
*** Tâi-lô: lián
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liern
*** IPA (Xiamen): /liɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛn⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /liɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: nenX
Rime :
| Character | 撚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 乃殄切 |
| Baxter | nenX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /nen$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /nen$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nɛn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nɛn$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /nen$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /nien$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /nien$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | niǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | nin$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*neːnʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 撚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10763 |
| Phonetic component | 肰 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 撚 |
| Old Chinese | /*neːnʔ/ |

#### Definitions

撚
* to pinch; to pick up (with one's fingers)
* to take; to hold
* to rub (with one's fingers)
* to fiddle; to fidget
* to play tricks; to toy with; to tease
    撚雀 [Cantonese] ― nan$^2$ zoek$^{3-2}$ [Jyutping] ― to play with birds (especially pet birds)
    撚狗 [Cantonese] ― nan$^2$ gau$^2$ [Jyutping] ― to play with dogs
* to trample; to tread
* Alternative form of 攆 / 撵 (niǎn, “to expel; to drive out”)
* (music) to press on or lightly pinch in the strings of the pipa to produce a wave-like effect
* (Southern Min) to swindle; to defraud

#### Compounds

* 加撚
* 吃醋撚酸
* 撚分子
* 撚化
* 撚手
* 撚指
* 撚酸
* 撚錢 / 撚钱
* 撚靶兒 / 撚靶儿
* 紙撚兒 / 纸撚儿
* 輕攏慢撚 / 轻拢慢撚

### Etymology 2

See 𡳞.

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): lan$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lan$^2$
*** Yale: lán
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lan$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: len$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɐn³⁵/

#### Definitions

撚 (Cantonese, vulgar)
* penis (Classifier: 條／条 c; 轆／辘 c)
* fucking; freaking; the hell; the fuck
    乜都唔撚識／乜都唔撚识 [Cantonese] ― mat$^1$ dou$^1$ m$^4$ lan$^2$ sik$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to not know a fucking thing
       jat$^6$ lan$^2$ jat$^6$ hai$^2$ dou$^6$ cou$^4$ [Jyutping]
       to whine every fucking day
* (derogatory) a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er (usually for males)
    Synonym: 閪 / 𲈹 (female equivalent)
    環保撚／环保撚 [Cantonese] ― waan$^4$ bou$^2$ lan$^2$ [Jyutping] ― environmentalist
    中立撚 [Cantonese] ― zung$^1$ laap$^6$ lan$^2$ [Jyutping] ― a person who is neutral
    耶撚 [Cantonese] ― je$^4$ lan$^2$ [Jyutping] ― Christard
* Negates the meaning of the sentence: fuck all, my ass, like fuck, no fucking way
    你識條撚！／你识条撚！ [Cantonese] ― nei$^5$ sik$^1$ tiu$^4$ lan$^2$! [Jyutping] ― You know fuck all!
    關你撚事！／关你撚事！ [Cantonese] ― gwaan$^1$ nei$^5$ lan$^2$ si$^6$! [Jyutping] ― None of your fucking business! / The fuck you care!
    你有撚用！ [Cantonese] ― nei$^5$ jau$^5$ lan$^2$ jung$^6$! [Jyutping] ― You are of fuck all use!
    道條撚歉！／道条撚歉！ [Cantonese] ― dou$^6$ tiu$^4$ lan$^2$ hip$^3$! [Jyutping] ― Apologize my ass! / Like fuck I will apologize!

#### Coordinate terms

* (Cantonese five profanities) 屌 (diu2), 㞗 (gau1), 撚 (lan2), 𨳍 (cat6), 閪／𲈹 (hai1); 小狗懶擦鞋／小狗懒擦鞋 (siu2 gau2 laan5 caat3 haai4)

#### Compounds

* 含撚
* 把撚
* 撚就
* 撚屌
* 撚樣 / 撚样
* 條撚 / 条撚
* 毒撚
* 窮撚 / 穷撚
* 耶撚
* 關……撚事 / 关……撚事

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* to twist
    Synonyms: 拈, 捻, 捏

#### Readings

* Go-on: ねん (nen)
* Kan-on: でん (den)
* Kun: ひねり (hineri, 撚り)、ひねる (hineru, 撚る)、より (yori, 撚り)、よる (yoru, 撚る)、よれる (yoreru, 撚れる)

#### Compounds

* 撚(ねん)軍(ぐん) (nengun)
* 撚(ねん)糸(し) (nenshi)
* 撚(ねん)紙(し) (nenshi) (捻(ねん)紙(し))
* 撚(ねん)匪(ぴ) (nenpi)
* 紙(し)撚(ねん) (shinen)
* 攏(ろう)撚(ねん) (rōnen)

## Korean
### Hanja

撚 (eumhun 비틀 년 (biteul nyeon), word-initial (South Korea) 비틀 연 (biteul yeon))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

撚: Hán Nôm readings: niệm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation