# چنبر
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian چنبر (čanbar, “circle, hoop”).

### Noun

چنبر • (çember)
* hoop, a circular band of wood or metal used to bind a barrel
* ring, hoop, any solid object in the shape of a circle
    Synonym: حلقه (halka)

#### Derived terms

* بویون چنبری (boyun çemberi, “collarbone”)
* چنبر قایق (çember kayık, “kind of round-sterned craft”)
* چنبر كچورمك (çember geçirmek, “to put hoops to a thing”)
* چنبرسز (çembersiz, “hoopless”)
* چنبرلتمك (çemberletmek, “to make or let be hooped”)
* چنبرلمك (çemberlemek, “to hoop”)
* چنبرلو (çemberli, “hooped”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: çember
* → Albanian: çember
* → Armenian: (Constantinople) չէմպէր (čʻēmpēr), (Van) չա̈մբա̈ր (čʻämbär)
* → Aromanian: cimbér
* → Bulgarian: чембер (čember)
* → Greek: τσεμπέρι (tsempéri)
* → Macedonian: чембер (čember)
* → Romanian: cember, cimbir, cimber, ciumber, ciumbir, gimbir, gimber, giumber, giumbir
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: чѐмбер
    Latin script: čèmber

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “çember2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 926
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “چنبر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 475
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Circulus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 182
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “چنبر”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1660
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “çember”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “چنبر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 731

## Persian
### Alternative forms

* چَنبَره (čanbare)

### Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (cmbl /⁠čambar⁠/). Akin to Old Armenian ճամբար (čambar, “camp; collar”), Classical Syriac ܨܰܡܒܳܪܳܐ (ṣambārā, “lunate ornament”), Iranian borrowings.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [t͡ʃam.ˈbaɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäm.bǽɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäm.bǽɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäm.bǽɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäm.bǽɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰæm.bǽɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰäm.bǽɾ]

### Noun

چنبر • (čanbar)
* circle, hoop

#### Descendants

* → Arabic: شَنْبَر (šanbar)
* → Kazakh: шеңбер (şeñber)
* → Ottoman Turkish: چنبر (çember)
** Turkish: çember
** → Albanian: çember
** → Armenian: (Constantinople) չէմպէր (čʻēmpēr), (Van) չա̈մբա̈ր (čʻämbär)
** → Aromanian: cimbér
** → Bulgarian: чембер (čember)
** → Greek: τσεμπέρι (tsempéri)
** → Macedonian: чембер (čember)
** → Romanian: cember, cimbir, cimber, ciumber, ciumbir, gimbir, gimber, giumber, giumbir
** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: чѐмбер
    Latin script: čèmber

### Further reading

* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, pages 186–187
* MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 21
* Vullers, Johann August (1855) “چنبر”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎ (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 592b