OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# instructional
## English
### Etymology

From instruction +‎ -al.

### Adjective

instructional (comparative more instructional, superlative most instructional)
* Intended for purposes of instruction, for teaching.
    The manual might have been instructional had anybody actually taken the time to read it.
* Relating to the teaching profession.
    There are 33 instructional resignations tonight, double the amount at this time last year. (teachers leaving their teaching position in a Texas school district)

#### Derived terms

* instructional design
* pre-instructional

#### Translations
### Noun

instructional (plural instructionals)
* A book, film, etc. intended to instruct.
** 2008 May 18, Ginia Bellafante, “Mommy’s Dearest”, in New York Times‎:On legitimate days off, during the summer, Klam received poolside instructionals in monied femininity from Marcia and her three sisters — “the Jewish Gang of Four.”

### Anagrams

* nonaltruistic
# pozitiv
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian позитив (pozitiv).

### Adjective

pozitiv
* positive

### Noun

pozitiv
* positive

#### Declension
### References

* “pozitiv”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Czech
### Alternative forms

* positiv (dated)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpozɪtɪf]
* IPA: [ˈpozɪtiːf]
* Hyphenation: po‧zi‧tiv

### Noun

pozitiv m inan
* (grammar) positive

#### Related terms

* See póza
* pozitivní

### Further reading

* “pozitiv”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “pozitiv”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “pozitiv”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French positif, from Latin positivus.

### Adjective

pozitiv m or n (feminine singular pozitivă, masculine plural pozitivi, feminine and neuter plural pozitive)
* positive
* constructive

#### Related terms

* pozitivitate

## Serbo-Croatian
### Noun

pȍzitīv m (Cyrillic spelling по̏зитӣв)
* positive (grammar, photography)
# in the heat of the moment
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Prepositional phrase

in the heat of the moment
* As the hasty result of strong, passionate feelings and without thoughtful consideration.
    Antonym: in the cold light of day

#### See also

* spur of the moment

#### Further reading

* “in the heat of the moment”, in Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, 1999–present.
* “in the heat of the moment” (US) / “in the heat of the moment” (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.
* “in the heat of the moment”, in Collins English Dictionary.
# optionally
## English
### Etymology

From optional +‎ -ly.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA or enPR then please add some!
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (US):(file)

### Adverb

optionally (comparative more optionally, superlative most optionally)
* In an optional manner; not mandatorily.
** 1979, Ladakhi grammar, →ISBN, page 104:Plural suffixes may be optionally added after the Ist person exclusive ƞə—z̆e, Ist person inclusive ƞə—təƞ, and IInd person non-honorific khyo—z̆e and honorific ñe—z̆e.

#### Synonyms

* facultatively

#### Antonyms

* mandatorily

#### Derived terms

* optionally piloted vehicle
# λιπαίνω
## Greek
### Etymology

From Koine Greek λίπα (lípa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [liˈpɛnɔ]

### Verb

λιπαίνω • (lipaíno) (past λίπανα, passive λιπαίνομαι, ppp λιπασμένος)
* to lubricate, oil
* to manure

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* αλίπαντος (alípantos, “degreased”)
* απολιπαίνω (apolipaíno, “degrease”)
* απολίπανση f (apolípansi, “degreasing”)
* λίπανση f (lípansi, “lubrication”)
* λιπαντήρας m (lipantíras, “lubricator”)
* λιπαντήριο n (lipantírio, “place for lubricating”)
* λιπαντής m (lipantís, “greaser”)
* λιπαντικό n (lipantikó, “lubricant”)
* λιπαντικός (lipantikós, “lubricating”)
* and see: λίπος n (lípos, “fat”)

#### Further reading

* Λίπανση on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
* λιπαίνω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# akcelerator
## Polish
### Etymology

Internationalism; compare English accelerator. Ultimately from Latin accelerō +‎ -ator. First attested in 1910.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ak.t͡sɛ.lɛˈra.tɔr/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -atɔr
* Syllabification: ak‧ce‧le‧ra‧tor

### Noun

akcelerator m inan
* (physics) accelerator, particle accelerator (machine or device used for accelerating particles)
* accelerator (pedal of a car that accelerates)
    Synonym: pedał gazu
* (computing) accelerator (computer component using dedicated hardware to accelerate the processing and display of graphics)

#### Derived terms

* akceleratorowy

#### Related terms

* akceleracyjny
* akceleracja
* akcelerograf
* akcelerometr

#### Collocations

* za pomocą akceleratora ― with the help of an accelerator
* wbudowany akcelerator ― a built-in accelerator
* wydajny akcelerator ― an effective accelerator
* potężny akcelerator ― a powerful accelerator
* nowoczesny akcelerator ― a modern accelerator
* współczesny akcelerator ― a accelerator
* duży akcelerator ― a big accelerator
* gigantyczny akcelerator ― a gigantic accelerator
* wielki akcelerator ― a large accelerator
* ogromny akcelerator ― a giant accelerator
* akcelerator liniowy ― a linear accelerator
* akcelerator elektrostatyczny ― an electrostatic accelerator
* akcelerator graficzny/grafiki ― a graphics accelerator
* akcelerator cząsteczkowy ― a accelerator
* akcelerator plazmowy ― a plasma accelerator
* akcelerator przyspieszający cząstki ― a accelerator speeding particles up
* akcelerator kołowy ― a circular accelerator
* akcelerator cykliczny ― a cyclical accelerator
* akcelerator ciężkich jonów ― a heavy ion accelerator
* budowa akceleratora ― accelerator construction
* konstruktor akceleratora ― an accelerator constructor
* rura akceleratora ― the pipe of an accelerator
* użycie akceleratora ― use of an accelerator
* model akceleratora ― an accelerator model
* działanie akceleratora ― the operation of an accelerator
* praca akceleratora ― the work of an accelerator
* akcelerator cząstek/cząsteczek ― a particle accelerator
* akcelerator protonów ― a proton accelerator
* akcelerator elektronów ― an electron accelerator
* akcelerator technologii ― a technology accelerator
* uruchomić akcelerator ― to start an accelerator
* budować/zbudować akcelerator ― to build an accelerator
* akcelerator pracuje ― an accelerator works
* akcelerator działa ― an accelerator operates

### References

* ↑ akcelerator in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* akcelerator in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* akcelerator in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /akt͡selěraːtor/
* Hyphenation: ak‧ce‧le‧ra‧tor

### Noun

akcelèrātor m (Cyrillic spelling акцелѐра̄тор)
* accelerator
# liaudis
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáudis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰis. More at English lede.
Compare Dutch lieden/luden/luiden "people", Old Norse lýðir (“people”) (whence Icelandic lýður), Old Saxon liudi, Old English lēode (“people”), English lede (“people”), Gothic *𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸𐍃 (*liuþs), Russian люди (ljudi), Bulgarian люде (ljude).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlʲɛʊ̯dɪs]

### Noun

liáudis f
* (singular only) people
* (genitive) folk
    liaudies muzika ― folk music
# tacaco
## English
### Noun

tacaco (plural tacacos)
* A fruit from Sechium tacaco, native to Costa Rica.
# Second Law of Robotics
## English
### Etymology

Coined by Isaac Asimov

### Proper noun

Second Law of Robotics
* (science fiction, robotics) One of the Three Laws of Robotics, requiring a robot to obey humans, unless it would conflict with the First Law of Robotics (which forbids a robot to harm a human).

#### Coordinate terms

* First Law of Robotics
* Third Law of Robotics

#### Related terms

* First Law of Robotics
* Third Law of Robotics
* Three Laws of Robotics
# sedimen dasar
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of sedimen (“sediment”) +‎ dasar (“basal”).

### Noun

sedimen dasar (plural sedimen-sedimen dasar)
* (construction, engineering) basal sediment: sediment (till) that is transported at, or deposited from, the bottom.

### Further reading

* “sedimen dasar” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# polygonflavanol
## English
### Noun

polygonflavanol (uncountable)
* A flavonostilbene found in Polygonum multiflorum.
# ζητάω
## Greek
### Alternative forms

* ζητώ (zitó) (more formal)

### Etymology

From the modern ζητώ (zitó) + -άω (-áo), from Ancient Greek ζητῶ (zētô), contracted form of ζητέω (zētéō).

### Verb

ζητάω • (zitáo) / ζητώ (past ζήτησα, passive ζητιέμαι/ζητούμαι, p‑past ζητήθηκα, ppp ζητημένος)
* to ask for, request
    Ζήτησα ένα ποτήρι νερό. ― Zítisa éna potíri neró. ― I asked for a glass of water.
    Ζητώ συγχώρεση. ― Zitó synchóresi. ― I ask for forgiveness.
    Ζητάω μια καλή δουλειά, γι’ αυτό έβαλα αγγελία: «Ζητώ εργασία ως γραμματέας».Zitáo mia kalí douleiá, gi’ aftó évala angelía: «Zitó ergasía os grammatéas».I am looking for a nice job, so I’ve posted an advertisement: “Requesting position as secretary”.
* to seek, look for
    Synonyms: ψάχνω (psáchno), γυρεύω (gyrévo), ερευνώ (erevnó)
    Zητώ μεταχειρισμένο αυτοκίνητο σε καλή κατάσταση.Zitó metacheirisméno aftokínito se kalí katástasi.I’m looking for a used car in good condition.
* (passive, informal) to be in demand, sought-after
    Πουλάμε πολλές ομπρέλες. Zητιούνται πολύ όταν βρέχει.Pouláme pollés ompréles. Zitioúntai polý ótan vréchei.We’re selling lots of umbrellas. They are in demand whenever it rains.

#### Usage notes

The verb conjugates in two ways: the usual -άω/ώ, -άς, -ά passive -ιέμαι (Class A of 2nd Conjugation) and the more formal -ώ, -είς, -εί, passive -ούμαι (Class B of 2nd Conjugation) which is used in phrases like:
* Ζητώ εργασία ― Zitó ergasía ― I seek a position (job)
* Ζητείται υπάλληλος ― Ziteítai ypállilos ― A clerk is sought
* Ποιος τον ζητεί; (on the phone) ― Poios ton ziteí; ― Who is calling (is asking for him)?

#### Derived terms

* αναζητάω / αναζητώ (anazitáo / anazitó, “I search for”)
* αποζητάω / αποζητώ (apozitáo / apozitó, “I long for”)
* επιζητώ (epizitó)
* ζητούμενος (zitoúmenos, passive present participle)
* πολυσυζητάω (polysyzitáo), πολυσυζητώ (polysyzitó)
* συζητάω / συζητώ (syzitáo / syzitó, “I discuss, I debate”)
* ψωμοζητάω (psomozitáo)

#### Related terms

* ζήτημα n (zítima)
* ζήτηση f (zítisi, “the demand”)
* ζητιάνος m (zitiános, “beggar”)

### References

* ↑ ζητάω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# basqa
## Karakalpak

Compare Azerbaijani başqa, Bashkir башҡа (başqa), Crimean Tatar başqa,Kazakh басқа (basqa) Khakas пасха (pasxa), Kyrgyz башка (başka), Southern Altai башка (baška), Turkish başka, Tatar башка (başka), Uzbek boshqa, Tuvan башка (başka).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɑsˈqɑ/

### Adjective

basqa
* other
# besoin
## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French, Old French besoing; can be seen as a masculine variant of besogne, from Old French besonge, from Old Frankish *bisunnija, from *sunnijōn (“to look after”) (whence soigner), possibly through a Vulgar Latin intermediate *bisonium. Compare Italian bisogno.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bə.zwɛ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

besoin m (plural besoins)
* need
* want (state of being in need)

#### Derived terms

* au besoin
* avoir besoin de
* dans le besoin
* faire ses besoins
* si besoin est
* s'il est besoin

#### Related terms

* besogneux

### Further reading

* “besoin”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* Bosnie

## Louisiana Creole
### Etymology

From French besoin (“need”), compare Haitian Creole bezwen.

### Verb

besoin
* to need

### References

* Alcée Fortier, Louisiana Folktales
# jalgpall
## Estonian
### Etymology

From jalg +‎ pall.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jˈɑlɡ̊pˈɑlʲː/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

jalgpall (genitive jalgpalli, partitive jalgpalli)
* (sports) football (mostly soccer)

#### Synonyms

* jalka (colloquial)

#### Derived terms

* ameerika jalgpall
* jalgpalliväljak

### Further reading

* “jalgpall”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
* “jalgpall”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
* “jalgpall”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
* jalgpall in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
# Salisbiri
## Middle English
### Proper noun

Salisbiri
* Alternative form of Saresbury
# sufler
## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin sufflō.

### Verb

sufler
* to blow
* to breathe

#### Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

#### Derived terms

* suflement

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French souffleur.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsu.flɛr/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uflɛr
* Syllabification: su‧fler

### Noun

sufler m pers (female equivalent suflerka, related adjective suflerski)
* (theater) prompter (person who prompts or cues actors when they forget their lines or neglect to move on the stage to where they are supposed to be situated)
* (figurative, literary) prompter (person who suggests a solution to someone instead of waiting for them to make a decision)

#### Derived terms

* suflerstwo
* suflerować impf

#### Related terms

* suflować impf

### Further reading

* sufler in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* sufler in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* sufler in PWN's encyclopedia

## Romanian
### Noun

sufler m (plural sufleri)
* Obsolete form of sufleor.

#### Declension
### References

* sufler in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN
# διακόπτω
## Greek
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek διακόπτω (diakóptō). By surface analysis, δια- (dia-, “through”) +‎ κόπτω (kópto, “cut”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ði̯aˈko.pto/, /ðʝaˈko.pto/
* Hyphenation: δια‧κό‧πτω
* Old Hyphenation: δι‧α‧κό‧πτω

### Verb

διακόπτω • (diakópto) (past διέκοψα, passive διακόπτομαι, p‑past διακόπηκα, ppp διακεκομμένος)
* to interrupt; disrupt; stop
* to terminate; discontinue; break off

#### Related terms

* διακεκομμένος (diakekomménos, participle)
* διακοπές f pl (diakopés, “vacation”)
* διακοπή f (diakopí, “break”)
* διακόπτης m (diakóptis, “switch”)
* ξαναδιακόπτω (xanadiakópto, “interrupt again”)
* and see: κόπτω (kópto, “cut”) and κόβω (kóvo)

### Further reading

* διακόπτω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# olavsvoke
## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* olsok
* olavsvoka
* olsoke
* olavsoke (Telemark dialect)
* olsvuku (innh)
* olsuku (ork)

### Etymology

From Old Norse óláfsvaka (“Olaf’s wake”), with -o- from oblique -vǫku. Equivalent to olavs- +‎ voke.

### Noun

olavsvoke f (definite singular olavsvoka, indefinite plural olavsvoker, definite plural olavsvokene)
* feast of St Olaf (held on the 29th of July)

### References

* “olavsvoke” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
# cupro-
## English
### Alternative forms

* cupr- (before a vowel)

### Etymology

From Late Latin cuprum (“copper”) through its compound form in -o-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kjuːpɹoʊ/

### Prefix

cupro-
* (inorganic chemistry) Of or pertaining to copper.

#### Synonyms

* chalco-

#### Derived terms

* cupromagnesite
* cupronickel
* cupro-plumbite
* cuproscheelite
* cuprosulfate, cuprosulphate
* cuprotitanium
* cuprotungstite

#### Related terms

* Cu

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* croup
# 부시
## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Yeogeo yuhae (譯語類解 / 역어유해), 1690, as Early Modern Korean 부쇠 (Yale: pwuswoy), from 불 (pwul, “fire”) + 쇠 (swoy, “metal”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [puɕʰi]
* Phonetic hangul: [부시]

### Noun

부시 • (busi)
* steel to strike sparks from a flint

#### Derived terms

* 부싯깃 (busitgit)
* 부싯돌 (busitdol)
# Plympton St Maurice
## English
### Proper noun

Plympton St Maurice
* A suburb of Plympton, City of Plymouth, Devon, England (OS grid ref SX5455).

#### Related terms

* Plympton St Mary

### References

* Ordnance Survey
# διάκριση
## Greek
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek διάκρισις (diákrisis) with semantic loan from French distinction, discrimination and discrétion. By surface analysis, διακρί(νω) (diakrí(no)) +‎ -ση (-si).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ðiˈa.kɾi.si/
* Hyphenation: δι‧ά‧κρι‧ση

### Noun

διάκριση • (diákrisi) f (plural διακρίσεις)
* distinction (the act of distinguishing)
* distinction (that which distinguishes)
* discrimination (the act of discriminating, noting or perceiving differences between things, with the intent to understand rightly and make correct decisions)
* discrimination (differential treatment of an individual or group to their disadvantage)
* distinction (a mark of honour, rank, eminence or excellence)
* discretion (the authority to exercise one's own judgement in making decisions that have effect)

#### Declension

Older or formal genitive singular: διακρίσεως (diakríseos)

#### Related terms

* διακρίνω (diakríno)
* διακριτικός (diakritikós)
* διακριτικότητα f (diakritikótita)

### References

* ↑ διάκριση, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# centrifugate
## English
### Etymology 1

From centrifuge +‎ -ate (noun-forming suffix).

#### Noun

centrifugate (plural centrifugates)
* The thicker product obtained from [[[separation]] in a centrifuge.

##### Antonyms

* centrate

### Etymology 2

From centrifuge +‎ -ate (verb-forming suffix).

#### Verb

centrifugate (third-person singular simple present centrifugates, present participle centrifugating, simple past and past participle centrifugated)
* (transitive, rare) To separate using centrifugation.
** 1937, University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign campus). College of Medicine. Dept. of Biological Chemistry, Collected Studies from the Dept. of Physiological Chemistry (page 33)
    The antigenic aluminum hydroxide is made in the following manner: The antigenic solution is treated with enough aluminum hydroxide to precipitate all the protein. The mixture is then shaken thoroughly and centrifugated.

##### Usage notes

It is much more common to described something as being centrifuged rather than centrifugated.

##### Derived terms

* cytocentrifugate

## Italian
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

centrifugate
* inflection of centrifugare:
** second-person plural present indicative
** second-person plural imperative

### Etymology 2
#### Participle

centrifugate f pl
* feminine plural of centrifugato

## Spanish
### Verb

centrifugate
* second-person singular voseo imperative of centrifugar combined with te
# leopard geckoes
## English
### Noun

leopard geckoes
* plural of leopard gecko
# analogowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From analog +‎ -owy. First attested in the 20th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.na.lɔˈɡɔ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: a‧na‧lo‧go‧wy

### Adjective

analogowy (not comparable, derived adverb analogowo)
* (technology) analog (represented by a continuously variable physical quantity)
    Antonym: cyfrowy
* (colloquial, humorous, by extension, of people) analog (not digital or related with computers)
    Antonym: cyfrowy

#### Related terms

* analogiczny
* analogicznie
* analogat
* analogia
* analogiczność
* analogizm
* analogon
* analogizować

#### Collocations

* modem analogowy ― analog modem
* sygnał analogowy ― analog signal
* nadajnik analogowy ― analog transmitter
* syntezator analogowy ― analog synthesizer
* aparat analogowy ― analog camera
* łącze analogowe ― analog link
* płyta analogowa ― analog board
* telefonia analogowa ― analog telephony
* telewizja analogowa ― analog television
* fotografia analogowa ― analog photography
* kamera analogowa ― analog camera
* linia analogowa ― analog line
* sieć analogowa ― analog network
* kanał analogowy ― analog channel
* technika analogowa ― analog technique
* telefon analogowy ― analog phone
* urządzenie analogowe ― analog device
* postać analogowa ― analog form
* technologia analogowa ― analog technology
* wejście analogowe ― analog input
* wyjście analogowe ― analog output
* system analogowy ― analog system
* zdjęcie analogowe ― analog photo
* forma analogowa ― analog form

### References

* ↑ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “analogowy”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN

### Further reading

* analogowy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* analogowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* analogowy in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# sürtmək
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *sür(-t)- (“to rub, smear”). Equivalent to sür- +‎ -t.
Cognate with Old Uyghur [script needed] (sürt-, “to rub”), Karakhanid [script needed] (sürtmēk, “to smear, rub, polish, clean”), Turkish sürtmek (“to rub, polish”), Bashkir һөртөү (hörtöw, “to rub, delete, smear”), Chagatai [script needed] (sürtmek, “to rub”), Kazakh сүрту (sürtu, “to wipe, rub off”), Khakas сӱртерге (sürterge, “to smear, spread, rub”), Kipchak [Arabic needed] (sürüt-, “to erase”), Kyrgyz сүртүү (sürtüü, “to rub, wipe”), Southern Altai сӱртӧр (sürtör, “to smear, spread”), Tatar сөртү (sörtü, “to wipe, smear”), Turkmen sürtmek (“to rub”), Uyghur سۈرتمەك (sürtmek, “to wipe, scrub”), Uzbek surtmoq (“to wipe, polish”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

sürtmək (transitive)
* to rub
* to grate (in cooking: to shred by rubbing)
* to chafe (to fret and wear by rubbing)
* to smear, spread, anoint, (to distribute in a thin layer)
    Synonym: yaxmaq

#### Derived terms

* sürtgəc (“grater”)
* sürtünmək
* sürtünmə
* sürtülmək
* sürtülmə

### References

* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ɨ̄d-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

### Further reading

* “sürtmək” in Obastan.com.
# 𠨍

| 𠨍 | U+20A0D, &#133645; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-20A0D |
| ← 𠨌 [U+20A0C] | CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B | 𠨎 → [U+20A0E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

𠨍 (Kangxi radical 26, 卩+2, 4 strokes, composition ⿰⿰𠄌丿卩)

#### Derived characters

* 𠨞

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 159, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 311, character 1
* Unihan data for U+20A0D

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qīng (qing$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cing
*** Wade–Giles: chʻing$^1$
*** Yale: chīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ching
*** Palladius: цин (cin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

### Definitions

𠨍
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.