# ریش
## Kashmiri
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ریش (rīš).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [reːʃ]

### Noun

ریش • (rēś) m (Devanagari रेश)
* beard
    Synonym: دٲر (dạ̄r)

#### Derived terms

* ریشَل (rēśal)

### References

* S. K. Toshakhani, J. Lal Kaul, Mohiuddin Hajni, Prithvi Nath Pushp, Akhtar Mohiuddin (1968-1980) Kashir Dictionary Vol 3‎ (in Kashmiri), volume 3, Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages, page 377

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian ریش (riš, “beard”).

#### Noun

ریش • (riş)
* beard, facial hair on the chin, cheeks, jaw and neck
    Synonym: صقال (sakal)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian ریش (riš, “wound”).

#### Noun

ریش • (riş)
* wound, sore

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic رِيش (rīš, “feathering, plumage”).

#### Noun

ریش • (riş) (plural ریاش)
* (zoology) plumage, feathering
* chattel property
* means of subsistence
* finery

### Further reading

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “ریش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 635
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “ریش”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 2407–2408
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ریش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 998

## Persian

| Dari | رِیش |
| Iranian Persian | ریش |
| Tajik | риш |

### Etymology 1

Derived from Middle Persian [script needed] (lyš /⁠rēš⁠/, “beard”), probably from Proto-Iranian *xraiša-, from Proto-Indo-European *kreyso-, itself from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kre-i-s-, an extension of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɾiːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [riːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [riːʃ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [riːʃ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [riʃ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɹiːʃ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɾiʃ]

#### Noun

ریش • (riš) (plural ریش‌ها (riš-hâ))
* beard

##### Inflection

Enclitic-attached forms of ریش (riš) (Iranian Persian) :

##### Related terms

* ریشو (rišu)

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle Persian lyš (rēš), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *rayšás (“injury, wound”) from the root *rayš- (“to be wounded, hurt; to suffer injury”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɾeːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [reːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [reːʃ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [reːʃ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [reːʃ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɹiːʃ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɾeʃ]

#### Noun

ریش • (riš) (plural ریش‌ها (riš-hâ))
* (Iran or uncommon) wound
    Synonyms: جراحت (jerâhat) (Iran), زخم (zaxm)
* scar
* ulcer

### References

* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 358
* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 309
* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2020) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 357

## Urdu
### Etymology 1

Derived from Classical Persian ریش (rīš, “beard”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɾiːʃ/

#### Noun

ریش • (rīš) f (Hindi spelling रीश)
* beard

##### Related terms

* ریشائیل (reśāel)

### Etymology 2

Derived from Classical Persian ریش (rēš, “wound, injury”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɾeːʃ/

#### Noun

ریش • (rēš) m (Hindi spelling रेश)
* wound
* scar
* ulcer
* pus