OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# linkage
## English
### Etymology

From link +‎ -age.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɪŋkɪdʒ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

linkage (countable and uncountable, plural linkages)
* A mechanical device that connects things.
    A linkage in my car's transmission is broken so I can't shift out of first gear.
* A connection or relation between things or ideas.
    Synonyms: association, bond, connection, link, relationship
** 1976 August 21, A. Nolder Gay, “Another View”, in Gay Community News, volume 4, number 8, page 4:Far from ignoring linkages between gays and the poor and working class, I specifically made the point that they are common victims of the bureaucratic revolution.
* (software compilation) The act or result of linking: the combination of multiple object files into one executable, library, or object file.
* (genetics) The property of genes of being inherited together.
* (linguistics) A set of definitely related languages for which no proto-language can be derived, typically a group of languages within a family that have formed a sprachbund.
* (US, politics, historical) A United States foreign policy, during the 1970s détente in the Cold War, of persuading the Soviet Union to co-operate in restraining revolutions in the Third World in return for nuclear and economic concessions.

#### Derived terms

* backward linkage
* brand linkage
* cross-linkage
* hyperlinkage
* interlinkage
* linkage disequilibrium
* linkage editor
* linkage map
* linkage section
* mislinkage
* oxylinkage
* relinkage

#### Related terms

(compilation):
* link
* linker
* link time

#### Translations
### References

* Joe Miller (2018 January 24) “Davos jargon: A crime against the English language?”, in BBC News‎, BBC

### Anagrams

* leaking

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

linkage m (plural linkages)
* (genetics) linkage

### Further reading

* “linkage”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# castigado
## Galician
### Participle

castigado (feminine castigada, masculine plural castigados, feminine plural castigadas)
* past participle of castigar

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese castigado, from Latin castīgātus, perfect passive participle of castīgō (“to castigate”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa.du/
* (Brazil) IPA: /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa.du/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /kaʃ.t͡ʃiˈɡa.du/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /kas.t͡ʃiˈɡa.do/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐʃ.tiˈɡa.du/ [kɐʃ.tiˈɣa.ðu]
* Hyphenation: cas‧ti‧ga‧do

### Adjective

castigado (feminine castigada, masculine plural castigados, feminine plural castigadas)
* punished (having suffered punishment)
    Synonym: punido
* grounded (confined by one’s parent as punishment)
    Synonym: de castigo
* in a bad state due to lack of care
    Gramado castigado devido ao mau tempo. ― Weather-beaten lawn.
* completely corrected; flawless
    Synonyms: apurado, perfeito

#### Related terms

* castigador
* castigamento
* castigante
* castigar
* castigável
* castigo

### Participle

castigado (feminine castigada, masculine plural castigados, feminine plural castigadas)
* past participle of castigar

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin castīgātus, perfect passive participle of castīgō (“to castigate”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kastiˈɡado/ [kas.t̪iˈɣ̞a.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -ado
* Syllabification: cas‧ti‧ga‧do

### Adjective

castigado (feminine castigada, masculine plural castigados, feminine plural castigadas)
* punished
* grounded (confined to one's room for some misdemeanor)

### Participle

castigado (feminine castigada, masculine plural castigados, feminine plural castigadas)
* past participle of castigar
# tantiya
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* tansiya
* tantya — superseded
* tantsa — nonstandard

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tantear.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /tantiˈa/ [t̪ɐn̪ˈt͡ʃa]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /tantiˈa/ [t̪ɐn̪ˈt̪ja]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: tan‧ti‧ya

### Noun

tantiyá (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜈ᜔ᜆᜒᜌ)
* estimate; calculation
    Synonyms: taya, kalkula, bintay
** 1997, Mariano Ponce, Maria Luisa T. Camagay, Wystan Dela Peña, Sentro ng Wikang Filipino, University of the Philippines System. Office of Research Coordination, Mariano Ponce cartas sobre la revolucion, Sentro ng Wikang Filipino Sistemang Unibersidad ng Pilipinas (→ISBN)
    Sa aking tantiya dumating sa iyo ang aking sulat noong ika-5 o ika-6 ng Setyembre. Noong ika-4 ng Agosto pa ako sumulat at kung pinalipas mo ang labinlimang araw bago sagutin ito, nakatanggap na dapat ako ng iyong sagot.In my estimate, my letter arrived on you at the September 5 or 6. I wrote it on August 4, and if you let fifteen days pass before responding to this, I should have received your answer.
* act of estimating or calculating
    Synonyms: pagtaya, pagkalkula
* solution or result found through trial and error

#### Derived terms

* magtantiya
* pagtantiya
* tantiyahan
* tantiyahin
* tumantiya

#### Related terms

* tantiyado

### Further reading

* “tantiya”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# bestuurder
## Dutch
### Etymology

From besturen +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bəˈstyːr.dər/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: be‧stuur‧der

### Noun

bestuurder m or f (plural bestuurders, diminutive bestuurdertje n)
* driver
* manager

#### Derived terms

* autobestuurder
* bestuurdersstoel
* busbestuurder
* truckbestuurder

#### Related terms

* bestuur
# відвозити
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From від- (vid-) +‎ вози́ти (vozýty). Compare Russian отвози́ть (otvozítʹ), Belarusian адвазі́ць (advazícʹ), Polish odwozić.

### Pronunciation

* відво́зити: IPA: [ʋʲidˈwɔzete]
* відвози́ти: IPA: [ʋʲidwɔˈzɪte]
* Audio; “відво́зити” (“vidvózyty”):(file)

### Verb

відво́зити • (vidvózyty) impf (perfective відвезти́)
* (transitive) to take away, to drive away, to take, to drive (by vehicle)

#### Derived terms

* відво́зитися impf (vidvózytysja)

### Verb

відвози́ти • (vidvozýty) pf
* (transitive, rare) to finish taking away, to stop taking away (by vehicle)

#### Conjugation
### References

* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “відвозити”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (в – відсрібли́тися), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
* “відвозити”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “відвозити”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “відвозити”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “відвозити”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “відвозити”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “відвозити”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# awtor
## Bikol Central
### Alternative forms

* otor

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish autor.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: aw‧tor
* IPA: /ʔawˈtoɾ/ [ʔaʊ̯ˈtoɾ]

### Noun

awtór
* author; writer
    Synonyms: kagsurat, parasurat

#### Related terms

* awtoridad
* awtorisar
* awtorisasiyon

## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Autor, from Old French autor, from Latin auctor, from augeō (“to increase, originate”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈawtɔr/

### Noun

awtor m anim (feminine awtorka)
* author

#### Derived terms

* awtorski
* awtorstwo

### Further reading

* Starosta, Manfred (1999) “awtor”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* otor

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish autor, from Latin auctor.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔawˈtoɾ/ [ʔaʊ̯ˈt̪oɾ]
* Rhymes: -oɾ
* Syllabification: aw‧tor

### Noun

awtór (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜏ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔)
* author; writer
    Synonyms: may-akda, manunulat

#### Related terms

* awtoridad
* awtorisado
* awtorisasyon
* awtoritaryanismo
* awtoritaryo
* awtoritatibo

### Further reading

* “awtor”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

## Upper Sorbian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Autor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈawtɔʀ/
* Rhymes: -awtɔʀ
* Hyphenation: aw‧tor
* Syllabification: aw‧tor

### Noun

awtor m pers (feminine awtorka)
* author

#### Declension
### References

* “awtor” in Soblex
# komune
## Albanian
### Noun

komune
* indefinite genitive/dative/ablative singular of komunë

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

komune
* commonly
* as a community; together: ĉe la fino, ni komune kantis

#### Synonyms

* kutime

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch commune, from Middle Dutch commune, from Old French comune, commune, from Medieval Latin commūnia, from Latin commūne (“community, state”), from commūnis (“common”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [koˈmunə]
* Hyphenation: ko‧mu‧nê

### Noun

komune (plural)
* commune

#### Related terms

* koman
* komunal
* komuni
* komunikan
* komunikasi
* komunis
* komunisme
* komunistis
* komunitas
* telekomunikasi

### Further reading

* “komune” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# ᦎᦴ
## Lü
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tuː˥/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Tai *tuːᴬ (“door”). Cognate with Thai ตู (dtuu), Northern Thai ᨲᩪ (old) or ᨸᨲᩪ (modern), Southern Thai ตู, Lao ປະຕູ (pa tū), Shan တူ (tǔu), Bouyei dul, Zhuang dou or du.

#### Noun

ᦎᦴ • (ṫuu) (classifier ᦢᦱᧃ)
* door

##### Derived terms

* ᦔᦎᦴ (ṗṫuu)
* ᦔᦱᧅᦎᦴ (ṗaakṫuu)

### Etymology 2

Cognate with Thai ตู (dtuu), Northern Thai ᨲᩪ (tǔu), Lao ຕູ (tū), Shan တူ (tǔu).

#### Pronoun

ᦎᦴ • (ṫuu)
* we (exclusive)
* (in family situations or when spoken by a king) I

##### See also

* ᦣᧁ (haw, “we (inclusive)”)

### References

* Hanna, William J. (2019) “Query for ᦎᦴ”, in Dai Lue - English Dictionary (in Chinese), SIL International
# unconstitutional
## English
### Etymology

From un- +‎ constitutional.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

unconstitutional (comparative more unconstitutional, superlative most unconstitutional)
* Contrary to or violative of the constitution of a state or other sovereign institution. [18th C.]
    Synonym: anticonstitutional
    Antonym: constitutional
    That recently passed political bill has been declared unconstitutional.
** 2021 August 20, Kate Conger, “California’s Gig Worker Law Is Unconstitutional, Judge Rules”, in The New York Times‎:A California law that ensures many gig workers are considered independent contractors, while affording them some limited benefits, is unconstitutional and unenforceable, a California Superior Court judge ruled Friday evening.

#### Derived terms

* unconstitutionality
* unconstitutionally

#### Related terms

* anticonstitutional

#### Translations
### References

* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Unconstitutional”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume X, Part 1 (Ti–U), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 101, column 1.
# ngàn vàng
## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* nghìn vàng

### Etymology

ngàn (“thousand”) +‎ vàng (“gold”); calque of Chinese 千金 (thiên kim).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ŋaːn˨˩ vaːŋ˨˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ŋaːŋ˦˩ vaːŋ˦˩]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ŋaːŋ˨˩ vaːŋ˨˩] ~ [ŋaːŋ˨˩ jaːŋ˨˩]

### Adjective

ngàn vàng
* very valuable; invaluable; priceless

#### Derived terms

* cái ngàn vàng
# Amt
## German
### Alternative forms

* Ambt, Ammt, Ampt (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle High German ambahte, ambehte, ambet, ammet, ampt, ambt, amt, from Old High German ambahti, ambaht, from Proto-West Germanic *ambaht, from Proto-Germanic *ambahtaz, from Gaulish ambaxtos, from Proto-Celtic *ambaxtos.
The Middle High German contracted form amb(e)t developed quite regularly, via also attested ammet or ambt, into modern German Amt. Cognate with Dutch ambacht and ambt, Swedish ämbete, and Finnish ammatti, as well as English ambassador and embassy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /amt/, [amt], [ampt]
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Amt n (strong, genitive Amtes or Amts, plural Ämter)
* agency; department; office (state institution responsible for specified concerns)
* office; post (public function, e.g. of a civil servant)
* (Roman Catholicism, chiefly in compounds) mass; office
* (now Switzerland, Germany historical) administrative unit (of a country); district

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Hyponyms

* Arbeitsamt n
* Bundesamt n
* Bundeskanzleramt n
* Bundeskartellamt n
* Finanzamt n
* Hochamt n
* Kanzleramt n
* Kartellamt n
* Kriminalamt n
* Ordnungsamt n
* Seelenamt n
* Standesamt n

#### Derived terms

* amtieren
* amtierend
* amtlich
* amtlos
* Beamter m (Beamte m)

#### Related terms

* Amtsanmaßung f
* Amtsantritt m
* Amtsausübung f
* Amtsdauer f
* Amtsende n
* Amtsenthebung
* Amtsgebäude
* Amtsgericht
* Amtshandlung f
* Amtsinhaber m
* Amtskollege m
* Amtsmissbrauch m
* Amtsniederlegung
* Amtsperiode f
* Amtsrücktritt
* Amtsschimmel m
* Amtsstube f
* Amtsverzicht m

### Further reading

* Amt on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* “Amt” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Amt” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
* “Amt” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Amt” in Duden online
# khoom
## White Hmong
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰɒ̃˩̰/

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Lao ຂອງ (khǭng, “thing, object”).

#### Noun

khoom
* an object, thing, matter, product
* stuff, substance

##### Derived terms

* khoom noj (“food”)

### Etymology 2

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Borrowed from Chinese 空 (“empty, free”)?”

#### Adjective

khoom
* free, not busy

#### Noun

khoom
* leisure, ease, idle time
    Kuv tsis khoom ua. ― I have no time to do it.

#### Adverb

khoom
* freely

##### Derived terms

* khoom pub (“to freely give (without charge)”)

### References

* Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎, SEAP Publications, →ISBN.
* ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20101031002604/http://wold.livingsources.org/vocabulary/25
# παραίσθηση
## Greek
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Koine Greek παραίσθησις (paraísthēsis, “misperception”) with semantic loan from French hallucination. By surface analysis, παρ- (par-) +‎ αίσθηση (aísthisi).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈrɛsθisi/

### Noun

παραίσθηση • (paraísthisi) f (plural παραισθήσεις)
* illusion
* hallucination

#### Usage notes

* παραίσθηση (paraísthisi) denotes a misperception of an external sensory stimulus. By contrast, ψευδαίσθηση (psevdaísthisi) denotes a hallucination arising in the mind in the absence of an external sensory stimulus.

#### Declension

Older or formal genitive singular: παραισθήσεως (paraisthíseos)

#### Derived terms

* παραισθησιακός (paraisthisiakós)
* παραισθησιογόνος (paraisthisiogónos)

### References

* ↑ παραίσθηση, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language

### Further reading

* παραίσθηση on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
# գոյժ
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

The origin is uncertain.

### Noun

գոյժ • (goyž)
* bad news, sad news
    գոյժ արկանել, առնել, տալ ― goyž arkanel, aṙnel, tal ― to bring bad news
* lamentation, complaint accompanied with groans and cries
    գոյժ առնուլ, գոյժ ի բերան առնուլ, գոյժ դնել ― goyž aṙnul, goyž i beran aṙnul, goyž dnel ― to lament, to deplore

#### Synonyms

* (bad news): բօթ (bōtʻ)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “bad news”): աւետիք (awetikʻ)

#### Derived terms

* աշխարհագոյժ (ašxarhagoyž)
* աշխարհագուժեալ (ašxarhagužeal)
* գուժաբար (gužabar)
* գուժաբեր (gužaber)
* գուժամ (gužam)
* գուժապարտ (gužapart)
* գուժատար (gužatar)
* գուժատու (gužatu)
* գուժարկ (gužark)
* գուժարկու (gužarku)
* գուժաւոր (gužawor)
* գուժեմ (gužem)
* գուժիկ (gužik)
* գուժիւն (gužiwn)
* գուժկան (gužkan)
* գուժումն (gužumn)
* հրապարակագոյժ (hraparakagoyž)
* մահագոյժ (mahagoyž)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: գույժ (guyž)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գոյժ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “գոյժ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
# տարակոյս
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* տարեկոյս (tarekoys)

### Etymology

From տարա- (tara-) +‎ կոյս (koys).

### Noun

տարակոյս • (tarakoys)
* doubt, uncertainty, wavering, vacillation, irresolution, hesitation, embarrassment
    ի տարակուսի կացուցանել, ի տարակոյս արկանել ― i tarakusi kacʻucʻanel, i tarakoys arkanel ― to cause to doubt, to call into question
    կալ ի տարակուսի ― kal i tarakusi ― to doubt, to be in doubt, to waver
    տարակոյս ի տարակոյսս կցել ― tarakoys i tarakoyss kcʻel ― to multiply doubts, questions
    չիք ինչ տարակոյս ― čʻikʻ inčʻ tarakoys ― there is no doubt; undoubtedly
* tribulation, anguish, anxiety
* tough problem
* poverty, misery

#### Declension
### Adjective

տարակոյս • (tarakoys)
* doubtful, uncertain

#### Derived terms

* անտարակոյս (antarakoys)
* անտարակուսաբար (antarakusabar)
* անտարակուսելի (antarakuseli)
* տարակուսագոյն (tarakusagoyn)
* տարակուսական (tarakusakan)
* տարակուսանամ (tarakusanam)
* տարակուսանք (tarakusankʻ)
* տարակուսեմ (tarakusem)
* տարակուսեցուցանեմ (tarakusecʻucʻanem)
* տարակուսիմ (tarakusim)
* տարակուսութիւն (tarakusutʻiwn)
* տարակուսումն (tarakusumn)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: տարակույս (tarakuys)

### References

* ↑ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “տարակոյս”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 724a

### Further reading

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “տարակոյս”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “տարակոյս”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
# օթ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian օթ (ōtʻ).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /otʰ/, [otʰ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ot/, [otʰ]

### Noun

օթ • (ōtʻ)
* (archaic) spending/passing the night
* (archaic) sleeping place, lodging, inn

#### Declension
### References

* “օթ”, in Žamanakakicʻ hayocʻ lezvi bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, 1969–1980

## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* աւթ (awtʻ)

### Etymology

The original spelling is աւթ (awtʻ), a *-ti-derivative of ագ- (ag-, “to spend the night”), perhaps formed in Proto-Armenian.

### Noun

օթ • (ōtʻ)
* spending/passing the night
    գնացեալ ընդ անապատ օթս երկուս ― gnacʻeal ənd anapat ōtʻs erkus ― journeying two days in the desert
* sleeping place, lodging, inn
    առ օթ դադարել ուրեք ― aṙ ōtʻ dadarel urekʻ ― to pass the night in a place, to make a halt
    օթ առնել ― ōtʻ aṙnel ― to stop or stay with, to lodge at
* evening
    առ օթ ― aṙ ōtʻ ― towards dusk, in the evening

#### Derived terms

* բացօթեագ (bacʻōtʻeag)
* բացօթեայ (bacʻōtʻeay)
* գիշերօթիմ (gišerōtʻim)
* երեկօթոց (erekōtʻocʻ)
* երեկօթք (erekōtʻkʻ)
* ցայգօթ (cʻaygōtʻ)
* օթագայանամ (ōtʻagayanam)
* օթագայիմ (ōtʻagayim)
* օթագանիմ (ōtʻaganim)
* օթանոց (ōtʻanocʻ)
* օթարան (ōtʻaran)
* օթեակ (ōtʻeak)
* օթեկ (ōtʻek)
* օթեկան (ōtʻekan)
* օթեմ (ōtʻem)
* օթեվան (ōtʻevan)
* օթեւան (ōtʻewan)
* օթիմ (ōtʻim)
* օթոց (ōtʻocʻ)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: օթ (ōtʻ)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “օթ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “օթ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “awt‘”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 151
# հսկայ
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From հ- (h-, “intensifying prefix”) +‎ սկայ (skay, “giant”).

### Noun

հսկայ • (hskay)
* giant

#### Synonyms

* սկայ (skay)

#### Derived terms

* հսկազն (hskazn)
* հսկայաբար (hskayabar)
* հսկայազն (hskayazn)
* հսկայազուն (hskayazun)
* հսկայազօր (hskayazōr)
* հսկայածնութիւն (hskayacnutʻiwn)
* հսկայական (hskayakan)
* հսկայաձեւ (hskayajew)
* հսկայանամ (hskayanam)
* հսկայութիւն (hskayutʻiwn)
* հսկայունք (hskayunkʻ)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: հսկա (hska)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “հսկայ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “հսկայ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
# երէկ
## Armenian
### Adverb

երէկ • (erēk)
* Traditional orthography spelling of երեկ (erek)

### Noun

երէկ • (erēk)
* Traditional orthography spelling of երեկ (erek)

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* երեկ (erek)

### Etymology

Is the same with the word երեկ (erek, “evening”). In many languages the word for “yesterday” is derived from the word for “evening”. Compare Russian ве́чер (véčer, “evening”) and вчера́ (včerá, “yesterday”).

### Adverb

երէկ • (erēk)
* yesterday

### Noun

երէկ • (erēk)
* yesterday, the day before today

#### Declension

the instrumental singular and the genitive/dative/instrumental plural are not attested, which does not allow determining whether the word followed an i-type or an i-a-type declension
the instrumental singular and the genitive/dative/instrumental plural are not attested, which does not allow determining whether the word followed an i-type or an i-a-type declension

#### Derived terms

* երիկածին (erikacin)
* երիկեան (erikean)
* իրիկեան (irikean)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: երեկ (erek)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “երէկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “երէկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
# dromæosaurid
## English
### Noun

dromæosaurid (plural dromæosaurids)
* Rare spelling of dromaeosaurid.

#### Related terms

* dromæognathism (ornithology)
* dromæognathous (ornithology)
* dromæosaur (palæontology)
# utilidade
## Galician
### Etymology

From Latin ūtilitās.

### Noun

utilidade f (uncountable)
* usefulness, utility

#### Related terms

* útil
* utilizar

### Further reading

* “utilidade”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin ūtilitātem (“usefulness”), from ūtor (“to use; to employ”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /u.t͡ʃi.liˈda.d͡ʒi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /u.t͡ʃi.liˈda.d͡ʒi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /u.t͡ʃi.liˈda.de/
* (Portugal) IPA: /u.ti.liˈda.dɨ/ [u.ti.liˈða.ðɨ]
* Hyphenation: u‧ti‧li‧da‧de

### Noun

utilidade f (plural utilidades)
* (uncountable) usefulness (quality of being useful)
    Synonyms: aplicação, préstimo, serventia
    Antonyms: imprestabilidade, inutilidade
* utensil (small specialised implement)
    Synonyms: ferramenta, implemento, utensílio
* a use; a function
    Synonyms: aplicação, função, uso

#### Derived terms

* utilidade pública

#### Related terms

* utilitariamente
* utilitário
* utilitarismo
* utilitarista
* utilização
* utilizado
* utilizador
* utilizar
* utilizável