# 攻

| 攻 | U+653B, &#25915; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-653B |
| ← 攺 [U+653A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 攼 → [U+653C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

攻 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一人大 (MOK), four-corner 1814$_0$, composition ⿰工攵)

#### Derived characters

* 𠹣

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 468, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13120
* Dae Jaweon: page 817, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1449, character 6
* Unihan data for U+653B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 缸 | *kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ |
| 篢 | *kluːmʔ, *koːŋ |
| 贑 | *kluːmʔ |
| 涳 | *ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 江 | *kroːŋ |
| 肛 | *kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ |
| 扛 | *kroːŋ |
| 杠 | *kroːŋ |
| 豇 | *kroːŋ |
| 茳 | *kroːŋ |
| 釭 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
| 矼 | *kroːŋ |
| 玒 | *kroːŋ, *koːŋ |
| 虹 | *kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ |
| 腔 | *kʰroːŋ |
| 崆 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 羫 | *kʰroːŋ |
| 控 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 椌 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ |
| 悾 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 跫 | *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ |
| 啌 | *qʰroːŋ |
| 谾 | *qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ |
| 舡 | *qʰroːŋ |
| 缻 | *ɡroːŋ |
| 項 | *ɡroːŋʔ |
| 屸 | *ɡ·roːŋ |
| 功 | *koːŋ |
| 工 | *koːŋ |
| 疘 | *koːŋ |
| 魟 | *koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ |
| 攻 | *koːŋ, *kuːŋ |
| 愩 | *koːŋ |
| 碽 | *koːŋ |
| 貢 | *koːŋs |
| 羾 | *koːŋs |
| 空 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 箜 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 硿 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 埪 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 鵼 | *kʰoːŋ |
| 倥 | *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs |
| 鞚 | *kʰoːŋs |
| 叿 | *qʰoːŋ |
| 嗊 | *qʰoːŋʔ |
| 訌 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 紅 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 仜 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 葒 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 渱 | *ɡoːŋ |
| 鴻 | *ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 汞 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 澒 | *ɡoːŋʔ |
| 鞏 | *koŋʔ |
| 巩 | *koŋʔ |
| 銎 | *kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ |
| 恐 | *kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs |
| 蛩 | *ɡoŋ |
| 筇 | *ɡoŋ |
| 桏 | *ɡoŋ |
| 邛 | *ɡoŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *koːŋ, *kuːŋ) : phonetic 工 (OC *koːŋ) + semantic 攵. However, the phonetic component has a link with the concept of working and putting efforts (e.g., in order to achieve success: 功) and could be seen as the contraction of the character 功.

### Etymology

Cognate with 工 (OC *koːŋ). See there for more.

#### “top; seme”

    Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 攻(せ)め (seme).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōng (gong$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gung$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kûng
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gung$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): gó̤ng
* Eastern Min (BUC): gŭng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gorng$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kong
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gong$^1$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$kon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gong
*** Wade–Giles: kung$^1$
*** Yale: gūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gong
*** Palladius: гун (gun)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gung$^1$
*** Yale: gūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûng
*** Hakka Romanization System: gung$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kuŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʊŋ⁴⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gó̤ng
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gŭng
*** Sinological IPA : /kuŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gorng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɒŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong
*** Tâi-lô: kong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kofng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gong$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kong
*** Sinological IPA : /koŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^1$kon
*** MiniDict: kon$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$kon
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koŋ⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /koŋ⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: kuwng, kowng
Rime :
| Character | 攻 | 攻 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 冬 (5) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 古紅切 | 古冬切 |
| Baxter | kuwng | kowng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kuŋ/ | /kuoŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kuŋ/ | /kuoŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuŋ/ | /koŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəwŋ/ | /kawŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kuŋ/ | /koŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kuŋ/ | /kuoŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kuŋ/ | /kuoŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gōng | gōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gung$^1$ | gung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤoŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*koːŋ/, /*kuːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 攻 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gōng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kuwng › |
| Old Chinese | /*kˁoŋ/ |
| English | attack |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 攻 | 攻 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 4027 | 4065 |
| Phonetic component | 工 | 工 |
| Rime group | 東 | 終 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 公 | 攻 |
| Old Chinese | /*koːŋ/ | /*kuːŋ/ |

### Definitions

攻
* to attack; to assault
    進攻／进攻 ― jìngōng ― to attack
* to criticize
* (slang) top; seme
    Antonym: 受 (“uke”)
* to handle; to delve into
    From: Tang Dynasty, Han Yu 韓愈, Discourse on Teachers 師說 (shīshuō)
    wén dào yǒu xiān hòu, shù yè yǒu zhuān gōng [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Cantonese, of odour and smoke) to spread in air
       deoi$^3$ min$^6$ lau$^{4-2}$ fo$^2$ zuk$^1$, di$^1$ jin$^1$ gung$^1$ saai$^3$ jap$^6$ ngo$^5$ gaan$^1$ uk$^1$ dou$^6$. [Jyutping]
       The building opposite is on fire, and a lot of smoke came into my home.
* a surname

### Compounds

* 不攻自破 (bùgōngzìpò)
* 主攻 (zhǔgōng)
* 他山之攻
* 他山攻錯 / 他山攻错
* 以攻為守 / 以攻为守 (yǐgōngwéishǒu)
* 以毒攻毒 (yǐdúgōngdú)
* 佯攻 (yánggōng)
* 內外夾攻 / 内外夹攻
* 兼弱攻昧
* 凌厲攻勢 / 凌厉攻势
* 助攻 (zhùgōng)
* 十圍五攻 / 十围五攻
* 反攻 (fǎngōng)
* 圍攻 / 围攻 (wéigōng)
* 夾攻 / 夹攻 (jiāgōng)
* 專攻 / 专攻 (zhuāngōng)
* 左右夾攻 / 左右夹攻
* 強攻 / 强攻
* 怒氣攻心 / 怒气攻心
* 急火攻心
* 掠地攻城
* 搶攻 / 抢攻
* 攻下 (gōngxià)
* 攻乎異端 / 攻乎异端
* 攻伐 (gōngfá)
* 攻佔 / 攻占 (gōngzhàn)
* 攻克 (gōngkè)
* 攻其不備 / 攻其不备 (gōngqíbùbèi)
* 攻其無備 / 攻其无备 (gōngqíwúbèi)
* 攻剽
* 攻勢 / 攻势 (gōngshì)
* 攻勢作戰 / 攻势作战
* 攻占 (gōngzhàn)
* 攻取 (gōngqǔ)
* 攻圍 / 攻围 (gōngwéi)
* 攻城 (gōngchéng)
* 攻城打援
* 攻城掠地 (gōngchénglüèdì)
* 攻城略地 (gōngchénglüèdì)
* 攻城野戰 / 攻城野战
* 攻堅 / 攻坚 (gōngjiān)
* 攻堅戰 / 攻坚战 (gōngjiānzhàn)
* 攻守 (gōngshǒu)
* 攻守同盟 (gōngshǒu tóngméng)
* 攻山
* 攻心 (gōngxīn)
* 攻心為上 / 攻心为上
* 攻戰 / 攻战 (gōngzhàn)
* 攻打 (gōngdǎ)
* 攻拔
* 攻掠
* 攻擊 / 攻击 (gōngjī)
* 攻擊機 / 攻击机
* 攻方
* 攻書 / 攻书
* 攻殲 / 攻歼
* 攻炮城
* 攻無不克 / 攻无不克
* 攻無堅城 / 攻无坚城
* 攻玉
* 攻研
* 攻破 (gōngpò)
* 攻砭
* 攻籃 / 攻篮
* 攻絲 / 攻丝
* 攻習 / 攻习
* 攻苦
* 攻苦食淡
* 攻訐 / 攻讦 (gōngjié)
* 攻讀 / 攻读 (gōngdú)
* 攻踢
* 攻進 / 攻进
* 攻錯 / 攻错
* 攻關 / 攻关 (gōngguān)
* 攻防 (gōngfáng)
* 攻陷 (gōngxiàn)
* 攻隊 / 攻队
* 易守難攻 / 易守难攻
* 正面攻擊 / 正面攻击
* 火攻 (huǒgōng)
* 特攻隊 / 特攻队
* 猛攻 (měnggōng)
* 略地攻城
* 眾口交攻 / 众口交攻
* 笑臉攻勢 / 笑脸攻势
* 群起攻之
* 群起攻訐 / 群起攻讦
* 群起而攻
* 螺絲攻 / 螺丝攻
* 貧病交攻 / 贫病交攻
* 車攻 / 车攻
* 車攻馬同 / 车攻马同
* 進攻 / 进攻 (jìngōng)
* 遠交近攻 / 远交近攻 (yuǎnjiāojìngōng)
* 非攻
* 飢渴交攻 / 饥渴交攻
* 首尾夾攻 / 首尾夹攻
* 鳴鼓而攻 / 鸣鼓而攻

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* attack

#### Readings

* Go-on: く (ku)
* Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
* Kun: せめる (semeru, 攻める, Jōyō)、おさめる (osameru, 攻める)

#### Compounds

* 攻(こう)究(きゅう) (kōkyū)
* 攻(こう)撃(げき) (kōgeki)
* 攻(こう)勢(せい) (kōsei)
* 攻(こう)防(ぼう) (kōbō)
* 攻(こう)略(りゃく) (kōryaku)
* 専(せん)攻(こう) (senkō)

## Korean
### Hanja

攻 (eumhun 칠 공 (chil gong))
* hanja form of 공 (“attack, hit”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

攻: Hán Nôm readings: công
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.