# bil
## English
### Numeral

bil
* Abbreviation of billion.

### Anagrams

* BLI, LIB, Lib, Lib., lib

## Bouyei
### Etymology

From Proto-Tai *piːᴬ (“year”). Cognate with Thai ปี (bpii), Northern Thai ᨸᩦ, Lao ປີ (pī), Lü ᦔᦲ (ṗii), Shan ပီ (pǐi), Tai Nüa ᥙᥤ (pi), Phake ပီ (pī), Ahom 𑜆𑜣 (pī), Zhuang bi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pi˨˦/

### Noun

bil
* year

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɪl]
* Homophone: byl

### Etymology 1
#### Verb

bil
* second-person singular imperative of bílit

### Etymology 2
#### Participle

bil
* masculine singular past active participle of bít

## Danish
### Etymology

From a clipping of automobil (“automobile”), from French automobile (“automotive”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biːl/, [b̥iːˀl]
* Rhymes: -iːl

### Noun

bil c (singular definite bilen, plural indefinite biler)
* car, automobile

#### Descendants

* → Faroese: bilur
* → Greenlandic: biili
* → Icelandic: bíll
* → Norwegian Bokmål: bil
* → Norwegian Nynorsk: bil
* → Swedish: bil

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɪl/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: bil
* Rhymes: -ɪl

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch bille, often used in compounds, borrowed from Ingvaeonic/North Sea West Germanic *belle, from Proto-Germanic *balliō-, a variant of *balluz.

#### Noun

bil f (plural billen, diminutive billetje n)
* a buttock, usually used in the plural: billen, unless specified as left/right

##### Derived terms

* billenkletser
* billenkoek
* billenman
* billentikker
* bilnaad
* bilspleet
* blote billetjes in het gras
* dikbil
* kikkerbil
* linkerbil
* met de billen bloot
* rechterbil
* van bil gaan

##### Descendants

* Negerhollands: bel, bil
* → Sranan Tongo: bele

### Etymology 2

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *bíþla- (“axe”), instrumental noun from *bītaną (“to bite”).
However, compare *bilją (“blade, axe”), which could have influenced its development.

#### Noun

bil f (plural billen, diminutive billetje n)
* a hammer-like double-edged tool used by stonecutters and millers

##### Synonyms

* bilhamer, zwaaispits, tweespits

##### Derived terms

* billen, biller, steenbiller, bilhamer, bilmachine

### References

* ↑ Chester Nathan Gould, "Dwarf-Names: A Study in Old Icelandic Religion", in Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, Vol 44 (1929), issue #4
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag

### Further reading

* van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “bil1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

## Elfdalian
### Etymology

Presumably from Swedish bil.

### Noun

bil m
* car, automobile

## Faroese
### Etymology

From Old Norse bil, from Proto-Germanic *bilą, of uncertain origin. Compare *biliþī (“likeness, evenness”) and *bilōn- (“to give way”), *bibāną (“to shiver, tremble”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piːl/
* Rhymes: -iːl
* Homophone: byl

### Noun

bil n (genitive singular bils, plural bil)
* A space
* A while, time, period

#### Declension
### Noun

bil
* accusative singular of bilur

## Garo
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

bil
* strength

## Hausa
### Etymology

Borrowed from English bill.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bîl/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [bɪ̂l]

### Noun

bîl m
* bill, invoice

## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse bil, from Proto-Germanic *bilą, of uncertain origin, though probably with original sense "giving way, failure" and related to dialectal Dutch beelen (“to repent a deal”). Related to *bilōn- (“to give way”); compare also *biliþī (“likeness, evenness”) and *bibāną (“to shiver, tremble”), the latter which Kroonen suspects is connected. A relation to Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split”) is particularly attractive semantically, though phonetically difficult to resolve.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɪːl/
* Rhymes: -ɪːl
* Homophone: byl

### Noun

bil n (genitive singular bils, nominative plural bil)
* space, interval
* period of time, moment, space
* (computing) space
* damage, wound, nick
* (archaic) hesitation, break (in some action, process, etc.)

#### Derived terms

* bilstöng
* línubil
* tímabil
* um það bil

#### Related terms

* bila

### References

* ↑ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*bilōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64
* ↑ Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) “bil”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)

## Khalaj

| Perso-Arabic | Perso-Arabic | بیل |

### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian بیل (bil)

### Pronunciation

* (Talxâbî) IPA: [bie̯l]
* (Xarrâbî) IPA: [bil]

### Noun

bil (definite accusative bilü, plural billər)
* shovel

#### Declension
### References

* Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

This word originates from a Danish newspaper's contest to create a word for car. The winning proposition was "bil", a short form of automobil. This word was subsequently adopted into Norwegian.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biːl/
* Rhymes: -iːl

### Noun

bil m (definite singular bilen, indefinite plural biler, definite plural bilene)
* a car, automobile

#### Derived terms

* bergingsbil
* betongbil
* bilbelte
* bilbombe
* bildekk
* bildel
* bildør
* bileier
* bilfabrikant
* bilferge, bilferje
* bilfri
* bilfører
* bilmekaniker
* bilmotor
* bilnøkkel
* bilpanser
* bilskip
* biltrafikk
* bobil
* brannbil
* bruktbil
* brøytebil
* campingbil
* elbil
* familiebil
* firmabil
* lastebil
* leiebil
* lekebil
* luksusbil
* olabil
* personbil
* politibil
* radiobil
* renovasjonsbil
* sjukebil
* sportsbil
* sykebil
* søppelbil
* tråbil
* varebil
* veteranbil

### References

* ↑ Kari Haave (2004) “Det gode avløysarordet – «et etords digt»”, in Språknytt‎, volume 32, number 2, Norsk språkråd, →ISSN, pages 10-13
* “bil” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

This word originates from a Danish newspaper's contest to create a word for car. The winning proposition was "bil", a short form of automobil. This word was subsequently adopted into Norwegian.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biːl/

#### Noun

bil m (definite singular bilen, indefinite plural bilar, definite plural bilane)
* a car, automobile

##### Derived terms

* bergingsbil
* betongbil
* bilbelte
* bilbombe
* bildekk
* bildel
* bildør
* bilfabrikant
* bilfri
* bilmotor
* bilpanser
* bilskip
* biltrafikk
* brannbil
* bruktbil
* brøytebil
* elbil
* familiebil
* firmabil
* lastebil
* luksusbil
* olabil
* personbil
* politibil
* radiobil
* renovasjonsbil
* sjukebil
* sportsbil
* søppelbil
* tråbil, trøbil
* varebil
* veteranbil

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse bil.

#### Noun

bìl n (definite singular bìlet, indefinite plural bìl, definite plural bìli)
* (pre-1917) alternative form of bel

### References

* “bil” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
* ↑ Kari Haave (2004) “Det gode avløysarordet – «et etords digt»”, in Språknytt‎, volume 32, number 2, Norsk språkråd, →ISSN, pages 10-13

## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *billi, from Proto-Germanic *bilją. Cognate with Old Saxon bil, Old High German bill (German Bille (“pickaxe”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bil/

### Noun

bil n
* (poetic) a kind of sword or other bladed weapon, apparently having two edges
** Abrægd mid ðy bille. ― He brandished with his sword.
** 10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 5‎:Iċ eom ānhaga īserne wund, bille ġebennod, beadoweorca sæd, eċġum wēriġ.I am a lone one wounded with iron, wounded by sword, sated of battle-works, weary by edges.

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Descendants

* English: bill

### See also

* mēċe m
* seċġ m
* sweord n

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Danish bil.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biːl/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

bil c
* a car (automobile)
    köra bildrive a car
    åka bilride a car
    sitta fram / bak i bilensit in the front / back of the car
** 1993, Ronny & Ragge (lyrics and music), “Köra fort som fan [Drive fast as hell]”, in Let's Pök! [Let's Bone!]‎:Vi ska köra, köra fort som fan. Köra runt med bilen genom hela stan. Vi ska köra, köra fort som fan. Sladda loss och börna genom hela stan ikväll.We will [shall] drive, drive fast as hell. Drive around with the car through the whole town. We will drive, drive fast as hell. Drift [skid loose] and burn rubber through the whole town tonight.
* a truck (considered a subcategory in Swedish)
    Synonym: lastbil
* a van (considered a subcategory in Swedish)
    Synonym: skåpbil

#### Usage notes

A freight truck / lorry is normally qualified as a lastbil, while a pickup truck (pickup) or the like is often simply called a bil ("car") in everyday language (though technically also a lastbil). A freight truck / lorry is the default intuition for lastbil.

#### Derived terms

* akutbil
* bila
* bilaccis
* bilaffär
* bilannons
* bilarbetare
* bilatlas
* bilavdrag
* bilavgaser
* bilavgift
* bilbana
* bilbarnstol
* bilbatteri
* bilberoende
* bilbesiktning
* bilbolag
* bilbomb
* bilbranschen
* bilbrott
* bilburen
* bilbyggare
* bilbälte
* bilbärgare
* bilbärgning
* bildekal
* bildel
* bildemontering
* bildrulle
* bildåre
* bildäck
* bildödad
* bildörr
* bilersättning
* bilexport
* bilfabrik
* bilfirma
* bilflag
* bilfri
* bilfärd
* bilfärja
* bilfönster
* bilförare
* bilföretag
* bilförmån
* bilförsäkring
* bilförsäljare
* bilförsäljning
* bilhandel
* bilhandlare
* bilhjul
* bilhorn
* bilinbrott
* bilindustri
* bilinspektör
* bilism
* bilist
* biljakt
* bilkaravan
* bilkaross
* bilkarta
* bilklädsel
* bilkollision
* bilkolonn
* bilkooperativ
* bilkortege
* bilkrasch
* bilkrock
* bilkyrkogård
* bilkår
* bilkårist
* bilkö
* bilköp
* bilköpare
* bilkörning
* billack
* billarm
* billast
* billedes
* billots
* billotsning
* billånare
* bilmarknad
* bilmekaniker
* bilmodell
* bilmontör
* bilmotor
* bilmärke
* bilnummer
* bilnyckel
* bilolycka
* bilorientering
* bilpark
* bilparkering
* bilpendlare
* bilpool
* bilproduktion
* bilprovning
* bilradio
* bilrally
* bilratt
* bilregister
* bilreparatör
* bilresa
* bilring
* bilruta
* bilsalong
* bilsamhälle
* bilschampo
* bilsemester
* bilsjuk
* bilsjuka
* bilskatt
* bilskola
* bilskrot
* bilskrotning
* bilsport
* bilstereo
* bilstol
* bilstöld
* bilsäte
* biltak
* biltelefon
* biltillbehör
* biltillverkare
* biltillverkning
* biltjuv
* biltrafik
* biltrafikant
* biltransport
* biltull
* biltunnel
* biltur
* biltvätt
* biltyp
* biltät
* biltävling
* bilutflykt
* biluthyrare
* biluthyrning
* bilutställning
* bilverkstad
* bilvrak
* bilvård
* bilväg
* bilåkande
* bilåkare
* bilåkning
* bilägare
* lastbil
* personbil
* polisbil
* privatbil
* radiobil
* raggarbil
* terrängbil

#### See also

* avgasrör (“exhaust pipe, tailpipe”)
* backspegel (“rear-view mirror”)
* bakaxel (“rear axle”)
* bakljus (“tail light, rear light”)
* bakruta (“rear windshield”)
* baksäte (“back seat”)
* bakvagn (“rear end; rear suspension”)
* bensin (“gasoline, petrol”)
* bilbatteri (“car battery”)
* bilbesiktning (“vehicle inspection”)
* blinka (“signal (to the left, right, etc.)”)
* blinker (“turn signal, indicator”)
* blända av (“turn off the high beams”)
* broms (“a brake”)
* bromsa (“to brake”)
* börna (“burn rubber”)
* dimljus (“fog light; fog lamp”)
* doftgran (“Little Trees / Wunder-Baum air freshener”)
* dubbdäck (“studded tire”)
* däck (“tire”)
* fjädring (“suspension”)
* fordon (“vehicle”)
* framaxel (“front axle”)
* framsäte (“front seat”)
* framvagn (“front end; front suspension”)
* förare (“driver”)
* förarsäte (“driver's seat”)
* förgasare (“carburetor”)
* gasa (“accelerate”)
* grill (“grille”)
* halvljus (“low-beam, dipped headlight”)
* handskfack (“glove compartment”)
* helljus (“high-beam”)
* hjul (“wheel”)
* hjulupphängning (“wheel suspension”)
* instrumentbräda (“dashboard”)
* kaross (“body, bodywork”)
* katalysator (“catalytic converter”)
* köra (“drive”)
* köra upp (“do a driving test”)
* körkort (“driver's license”)
* motor (“engine”)
* motorstopp (“engine failure”)
* navkapsel (“hubcap”)
* olja (“oil”)
* parkera (“park”)
* passagerare (“passenger”)
* plattan i mattan (“pedal to the metal”)
* ratt (“steering wheel”)
* registreringsskylt (“license plate”)
* sidoruta (“side window”)
* skjuts (“ride, lift”)
* skjutsa (“give a ride to somewhere”)
* sladd (“a skid, a slide, a drift”)
* sladda (“to skid, to slide, to drift”)
* slira (“slip, slide, skid”)
* släppa av (“drop off”)
* sommardäck (“summer tire”)
* spolarvätska (“windshield washer fluid”)
* stanna (“stop”)
* starta (“start”)
* strålkastare (“headlight”)
* styra (“steer”)
* svänga (“turn”)
* säte (“seat”)
* tanka (“refuel, fill up”)
* tuta (“honk”)
* tändstift (“spark plug”)
* underrede (“undercarriage”)
* uppkörning (“driving test”)
* vindruta (“windshield”)
* vindrutetorkare (“windshield wiper”)
* vinterdäck (“winter tire, snow tire”)
* väg (“road”)
* väglag (“road conditions”)
* växel (“gear”)
* växellåda (“gearbox, transmission”)
* växelspak (“gearshift”)
* växla (“shift gears”)
* åka (“ride”)

### References

* bil in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* bil in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* bil in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Svensk MeSH

### Anagrams

* bli, ibl.

## Tatar
### Noun

bil
* a kind of salmon (Salmo Taimen)

## Tok Pisin
### Etymology

From English bill.

### Noun

bil
* bill

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

bil
* second-person singular imperative of bilmek

## Volapük
### Alternative forms

* bir (this is the modern word (spelling) for "beer")

### Etymology

From English beer and German Bier (this deformation was later changed back to the original "r" sound).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bil]

### Noun

bil (nominative plural bils)
* bile
* (obsolete) beer

#### Usage notes

* (beer): The "l" was later changed to "r" for bir (“beer”).

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

#### Derived terms

* bilaston
* bilavesid
* bilik

## Welsh
### Etymology

Borrowed from English bill (“note of charges for goods; list”), from Middle English bille (“document”), from Anglo-Norman bille, from Old French bulle, from Medieval Latin bulla (“seal; sealed document”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɪl/
* Rhymes: -ɪl

### Noun

bil m (plural biliau)
* bill (receipt)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “bil”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

## Zou
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bil˧/

### Noun

bil
* ear

### References

* Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 41