OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# цибуля
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak cibuľa, cebuľa, ultimately from Late Latin cepulla, from Latin cepa. Cognate with Slovak cibuľa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡siˈbuʎa]
* Rhymes: -uʎa
* Hyphenation: ци‧бу‧ля

### Noun

цибуля (cibulja) f (diminutive цибулька, related adjective цибульов)
* onion

#### Derived terms

* цибулянка f (cibuljanka)
* цибулька f (cibulʹka)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “цибуля”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “onion”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 195

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian цыбу́лѧ, цибу́лѧ (cybúlja, cibúlja), from Old Polish cybula, from Middle High German zibolle, zebülle, zwibole, from Late Latin cepulla, from Latin cepa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡seˈbulʲɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

цибу́ля • (cybúlja) f inan (genitive цибу́лі, nominative plural цибу́лі, genitive plural цибу́ль, relational adjective цибуле́вий or цибу́льний or цибу́ляний, diminutive цибу́лька)
* onion
    Synonym: лук (luk)
* (botany) Allium
    Synonym: часни́к (časnýk)
* (colloquial, dated) pocket watch with thick convex glass and convex backside
    Synonym: цибули́на (cybulýna)

#### Derived terms

* цибули́на f (cybulýna)
* цибули́ння n (cybulýnnja)
* цибули́ця f (cybulýcja)
* цибулькува́тий (cybulʹkuvátyj)
* цибульо́вище n (cybulʹóvyšče)
* цибуля́нка f (cybuljánka)

#### Descendants

* → Russian: цибу́ля (cibúlja) (dialectal)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “цибуля”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “цибуля”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “цибуля”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “цибуля”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “цибуля”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “цибуля”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# gné
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish gné, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster, Aran) IPA: /ɟnʲeː/
* (Connemara, Mayo, Ulster) IPA: /ɟɾʲeː/

### Noun

gné f (genitive singular gné, nominative plural gnéithe)
* kind, species
* form, appearance
* aspect, dimension
    Synonym: diminsean
* element
    Synonyms: eilimint, mír

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
gné
gnéithe
vocative
a ghné
a ghnéithe
genitive
gné
gnéithe
dative
gné
gnéithe
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an ghné
na gnéithe
genitive
na gné
na ngnéithe
dative
leis an ngné don ghné
leis na gnéithe :

#### Derived terms

* aonghnéitheach
* aonghnéitheacht
* gnéchlár
* gnéitheach
* gnéitheacht
* gnéithigh
* gnéúil
* ilghnéitheach

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gné”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “gné”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “gné”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
* Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 14

## Old Irish
### Noun

gné n
* kind, sort
* form

#### Declension

Neuter s-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | gné$^N$ | gné$^N$ | gnée$^L$ |
| Vocative | gné$^N$ | gné$^N$ | gnée$^L$ |
| Accusative | gné$^N$ | gné$^N$ | gnée$^L$ |
| Genitive | gnée$^L$ | gnée | gnée$^N$ |
| Dative | gné$^L$ | gnéib | gnéib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: gné f
** Irish: gné
** Scottish Gaelic: gnè

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gné”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
# szerkesztő
## Hungarian
### Etymology

szerkeszt +‎ -ő

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsɛrkɛstøː]
* Hyphenation: szer‧kesz‧tő
* Rhymes: -tøː

### Participle

szerkesztő
* present participle of szerkeszt

### Noun

szerkesztő (plural szerkesztők)
* editor (person who edits)
* (computing) linker (a program that takes one or more object files and combines them into a single executable)

#### Derived terms

* szerk.
* szerkesztői
* szerkesztőség
* főszerkesztő
* olvasószerkesztő

### Further reading

* szerkesztő in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# κόμμι
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”), qmyt (“acanthus resin, gum”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kóm.mi/ → /ˈkom.mi/ → /ˈko.mi/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kóm.mi/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈkom.mi/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈkom.mi/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈkom.mi/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈko.mi/

### Noun

κόμμῐ • (kómmĭ) n (genitive κόμμεως); third declension
* gum, obtained from babul (Vachellia nilotica)

#### Derived terms

* κομμίδιον (kommídion)
* κομμίζω (kommízō)
* κομμιώδης (kommiṓdēs)

#### Descendants

* → Aramaic: (“gum particularly of acacia”)
    Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: קוֹמָּא (qommā), קוֹמּוֹס (qommōs)
    Classical Syriac: ܩܘܡܐ (qommā), ܩܡܘܣ (qammūs), ܩܡܘܨ (qammūṣ), ܩܡܘܙ (qammūz)
** → Amharic: ኮማ (koma, “a kind of large Ferula resembling Ferula communis subsp. communis from the leaves of which also cake is baken”).
** → Persian: کما (komâ, kamâ, “various Ferula and the gum thereof”)
* → Middle Hebrew: קוֹמּוֹס (qommōs)
* → Latin: cummis, gummis, commis, cummi, gummi, commi (see there for further descendants)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κόμμι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 744

### Further reading

* “κόμμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “κόμμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* κόμμι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* “κόμμι”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi), from Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”),
qmyt (“acanthus resin, gum”).

### Noun

κόμμι • (kómmi) n (plural κόμμεα)
* rubber latex
# східний
## Ukrainian
### Alternative forms

* схі́дній (sxídnij) — 1928-1933 spelling

### Etymology

From схід (sxid) +‎ -ний (-nyj). Compare Belarusian усхо́дні (usxódni), Polish wschodni.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsʲxʲidnei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

схі́дний • (sxídnyj) (superlative найсхі́дніший)
* east, eastern, easterly
    Coordinate terms: півні́чний (pivníčnyj), півде́нний (pivdénnyj), за́хідний (záxidnyj)

#### Related terms

* близькосхі́дний (blyzʹkosxídnyj)
* далекосхі́дний (dalekosxídnyj)
* півде́нно-схі́дний (pivdénno-sxídnyj)
* півні́чно-схі́дний (pivníčno-sxídnyj)
* східноєвропе́йський (sxidnojevropéjsʹkyj)
* східнослов'я́нський (sxidnoslovʺjánsʹkyj)
* східноукраї́нський (sxidnoukrajínsʹkyj)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “східний”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “східний”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “східний”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “східний”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# panganib
## Kapampangan
### Etymology

Compare Tagalog panganib.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pəˈŋanib/ [pəˈŋäː.nib]
* Hyphenation: pa‧nga‧nib

### Noun

pangánib
* danger; risk

#### Derived terms

* mapanganib

#### Related terms

* manganib

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From pa- +‎ nganib.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /paˈŋanib/ [pɐˈŋaː.n̪ɪb̚]
* Rhymes: -anib
* Syllabification: pa‧nga‧nib

### Noun

panganib (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜅᜈᜒᜊ᜔)
* danger
    Synonym: peligro

#### Related terms

* kapanganiban
* magsapanganib
* manganib
# kelok
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay kelok.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈke.lɔʔ/
* Rhymes: -lɔʔ
* Hyphenation: ke‧lok

### Noun

kelok (plural kelok-kelok)
* curve, bend.
* turn

#### Synonyms

* belokan
* keluk
* lengkung
* tikungan

#### Derived terms

* berkelak-kelok
* berkelok
* berkelok-kelok
* kelokan
* mengelok
* mengelokkan
* pengelokan

### Further reading

* “kelok” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Yurok
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kelɔk/

### Noun

kelok
* goose
# heykel
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian هَیکَل (haykal), from Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal).

### Noun

heykel (plural heykels)
* The chancel or sanctuary of a Coptic church.
** For quotations using this term, see Citations:heykel.

## Northern Kurdish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian هَیکَل (haykal), from Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal).

### Noun

heykel m
* statue

### References

* Cabolov, R. L. (2001) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 429

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish هیكل (heykel), from Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hejˈkel/, [hejˈcæl]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: hey‧kel

### Noun

heykel (definite accusative heykeli, plural heykeller)
* statue
    heykel dikmek ― to erect a statue
* sculpture

#### Derived terms

* heykeltıraş

## Zazaki
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian هَیکَل (haykal), from Arabic هَيْكَل (haykal).

### Noun

heykel (plural heykel)
* (rare) temple
* statue
# physiologist
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

physiologist (plural physiologists)
* A person who studies or specializes in physiology.

#### Derived terms

* ecophysiologist
* electrophysiologist
* neurophysiologist
* zoophysiologist

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “physiologist”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
# beschuit
## Dutch
### Etymology

From French biscuit, plausibly from Old French bescuit (“twice cooked”), influenced by Old Italian biscotto, from Medieval Latin biscoctum, from Latin (panis) bis coctus "(bread) twice-baked." Doublet of biscuit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bəˈsxœy̯t/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: be‧schuit
* Rhymes: -œy̯t

### Noun

beschuit f (plural beschuiten, diminutive beschuitje n)
* zwieback, rusk
    Synonym: tweebak

#### Derived terms

* anijsbeschuit
* banketbeschuit
* beschuitbakker
* beschuitblik
* beschuitbol
* beschuitbrood
* beschuitbus
* beschuitmarkt
* beschuitpap
* beschuitton
* beschuittrommel
* broodbeschuit
* kaneelbeschuit
* kruimelbeschuit
* scheepsbeschuit
* tafelbeschuit
* wittebroodsbeschuit

#### Related terms

* biscuit

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: beskuit
* Berbice Creole Dutch: buskiti
* → Caribbean Hindustani: biskut
* → Papiamentu: buskuchi (from the diminutive)
* → Sranan Tongo: buskutu
** → Aukan: bisikutu
** → Caribbean Javanese: beskutu
** → Saramaccan: busikútu
# polyaromatic
## English
### Etymology

From poly- +‎ aromatic.

### Adjective

polyaromatic (comparative more polyaromatic, superlative most polyaromatic)
* (chemistry) Containing more than one aromatic ring system, especially several such rings fused together

#### Derived terms

* polyaromatic hydrocarbon

### Noun

polyaromatic (plural polyaromatics)
* (chemistry) A polyaromatic compound

### Anagrams

* Proto-Malayic
# forbiś
## Emilian
### Alternative forms

* forbśi (Modena)
* fòrbśa (Mirandola)

### Etymology

From Latin forficēs, plural of forfex.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: for‧biś

### Noun

forbiś pl (Modena)
* scissors
    un pèra ’d forbiś ― a pair of scissors
* shears
* pincers

#### Related terms

* furbśèina
* sfurbśèda
* sfurbśèr
# bayle
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish baile (“dance”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbajle/ [ˈbaɪ̯.l̪e]
* Hyphenation: bay‧le

### Noun

báyle (Basahan spelling ᜊᜌ᜔ᜎᜒ)
* (Naga, Tabaco, Legazpi) dance
    Synonym: sayaw

#### Derived terms

* baylehon
* ibayle
* kabayle
* magbayle
* makibayle
* parabayle

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish baile (“dance”).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: bay‧le
* IPA: /ˈbajle/ [ˈbaɪ̯.l̪e]

### Noun

báyle (Badlit spelling ᜊᜌ᜔ᜎᜒ)
* dance
    Synonym: sayaw

#### Derived terms

* baylehanan
* baylehon
* magbayle
* mamayle
* mobayle

## Ladino
### Noun

bayle m (Latin spelling)
* dance

#### Related terms

* bayladora
* baylar

## Spanish
### Verb

bayle
* inflection of baylar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* baile

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish baile (“dance”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈbajle/ [ˈbaɪ̯.lɛ]
* Rhymes: -ajle
* Syllabification: bay‧le

### Noun

bayle (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜌ᜔ᜎᜒ)
* dance; ball
    Synonyms: sayaw, sayawan

#### Derived terms

* baylehan
* bumayle
* ibayle
* magbayle

#### Related terms

* balada
* baylable
* baylarin
* baylarina

### Further reading

* “bayle”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* baley
# pirmado
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Spanish firmado.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: pir‧ma‧do

### Adjective

pirmado
* signed; having a signature

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish firmado.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /piɾˈmado/ [pɪɾˈmaː.d̪o]
* Rhymes: -ado
* Syllabification: pir‧ma‧do

### Adjective

pirmado (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜋᜇᜓ)
* signed; having a signature

#### Related terms

* pirma

### Anagrams

* rompida
# mikropono
## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish micrófono.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mikˈɾopono/ [mɪkˈɾ̪o.po.n̪o]
* Hyphenation: mi‧kro‧po‧no

### Noun

mikróponó
* microphone

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish micrófono.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /miˈkɾopono/ [mɪˌkɾoː.poˈn̪o]
* Rhymes: -opono
* Syllabification: mi‧kro‧po‧no

### Noun

mikróponó (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜉᜓᜈᜓ)
* microphone
    Synonyms: (informal) mayk, (neologism) miktinig

#### Related terms

* telepono

### Further reading

* “mikropono”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# peis
## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* pais

### Etymology

From Middle Dutch pais, borrowed from Old French pais, from Latin pax, from Proto-Italic *pāks, from Proto-Indo-European *péh₂ḱ-s (“peace”). Cognate to English peace and French paix.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɛi̯s/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

peis f (uncountable)
* (archaic outside of set phrases) peace
    Synonym: vrede

#### Derived terms

* peis en vree

### Anagrams

* pies, spie

## Ladin
### Alternative forms

* pëis

### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *pēsum, from Latin pēnsum.

### Noun

peis m (plural peisc)
* weight

## Norman
### Alternative forms

* pais (Jersey)

### Etymology

From Old French peis, pois, from Latin pīsum, from Ancient Greek πίσον (píson).

### Noun

peis m (plural peis)
* (Guernsey) pea
** 1903, Edgar MacCulloch, “Proverbs, Weather Sayings, etc.”, in Guernsey Folk Lore‎, page 512:Si nou lli dounne ùn peis i' prend une faïve.If you give him a pea, he'll take a bean.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

peis m (definite singular peisen, indefinite plural peiser, definite plural peisene)
* a fireplace (equipped with a chimney to funnel smoke away)

#### Hypernyms

* ildsted

#### Derived terms

* peiskos

### References

* “peis” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Occitan
### Alternative forms

* peish (Gascony)

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin piscem.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Languedoc):(file)

### Noun

peis m (plural peisses)
* fish (a cold-blooded vertebrate animal that lives in water)

#### Derived terms

* a un peis nadar non s’ensenha pas
* coma un peis dins l’aiga
* far de peis
* gai coma un peis dins l’aiga
* ont l’aiga dòrm, aquí lo peis
* qui vòl de peis, cal que se banhe
* se regalar coma un peis sus la grasilha

### Further reading

* Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 507.
* Joan de Cantalausa (2006) Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians‎, 2 edition, →ISBN, page 728.

## Old French
### Etymology 1

See pais.

#### Noun

peis oblique singular, f (oblique plural peis, nominative singular peis, nominative plural peis)
* Alternative form of pais

### Etymology 2

See pois.

#### Noun

peis oblique singular, m (oblique plural peis, nominative singular peis, nominative plural peis)
* Alternative form of pois (“weight”)

### Etymology 3

See pois.

#### Noun

peis oblique singular, m (oblique plural peis, nominative singular peis, nominative plural peis)
* Alternative form of pois (“peas”)

## Romansch
### Noun

peis m pl
* (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran) plural of pe
* (Puter, Vallader) plural of pè
* (Sursilvan) plural of pei

## Welsh
### Etymology

From pei +‎ -s.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /peis/
* (South Wales) IPA: /peiz/

### Noun

peis
* plural of pei

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# paròdia
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin parōdia, from Ancient Greek παρῳδία (parōidía, “parody”), from παρά (pará, “besides”) + ᾠδή (ōidḗ, “song”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [pəˈɾɔ.ði.ə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [paˈɾɔ.ði.a]

### Noun

paròdia f (plural paròdies)
* parody, spoof, burlesque

#### Derived terms

* parodiar
* paròdic
* parodista

### Further reading

* “paròdia” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “paròdia”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “paròdia” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “paròdia” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
# drapes
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɹeɪps/
* Rhymes: -eɪps

### Noun

drapes
* plural of drape

### Noun

drapes pl (plural only)
* Heavy cloth hung over a window.

#### Synonyms

* curtains

#### Derived terms

* measure the drapes
* the carpet matches the drapes
* the curtains match the drapes

#### Translations
### Verb

drapes
* third-person singular simple present indicative of drape

### Anagrams

* spader, Spader, padres, dreaps, rasped, Persad, spared, Padres, parsed, spread, repads

## French
### Verb

drapes
* second-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of draper

### Anagrams

* d’après
# Bulgáir
## Irish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

An Bhulgáir f (genitive na Bulgáire)
* Bulgaria (a country in Southeast Europe; official name: Poblacht na Bulgáire)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
Bulgáir
vocative
a Bhulgáir
genitive
Bulgáire
dative
Bulgáir
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an Bhulgáir
genitive
na Bulgáire
dative
leis an mBulgáir don Bhulgáir :

#### Derived terms

* Bulgáiris f (“the Bulgarian language”)
* Bulgárach (“Bulgarian”, adjective)
* Bulgárach m (“a Bulgarian person”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* “Bulgaria”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “Bulgáir”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
# asperar
## Aragonese
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin spērāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aspeˈɾa(ɾ)/
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

asperar
* to wait
* to hope
* to expect

#### Derived terms

* asperanza
* asperanzato
* desasperar

## Ladino
### Etymology

From Old Spanish esperar~asperar, inherited from Latin spērāre.

### Verb

asperar (Latin spelling)
* to wait

### References

* Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “esperar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 740

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* esperar

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin spērō.

### Verb

asperar
* (transitive, intransitive) to wait (to delay until some event)
    Synonym: aguardar
* (transitive) to expect (to consider obligatory or required)
* (transitive) to hope (to want something to happen)

#### Related terms

* asperança

#### Descendants

* Galician: esperar, asperar
* Portuguese: esperar

### References

* Manuel Ferreiro (2014–2025) “asperar”, in Universo Cantigas. Edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa (in Galician), A Coruña: UDC, →ISSN
* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “@sperar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “asperar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
# calefacció
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin calefactiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [kə.lə.fək.siˈo]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ka.le.fak.siˈo]
* Rhymes: -o

### Noun

calefacció f (plural calefaccions)
* heating (system that raises the temperature of a room)

#### Related terms

* calefactar
* calent
* caler
* calfar
* calor
* escalfar

#### Further reading

* “calefacció” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
# sokszor
## Hungarian
### Etymology

sok +‎ -szor

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃoksor]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: sok‧szor
* Rhymes: -or

### Adverb

sokszor (comparative többször, superlative legtöbbször)
* many times, frequently, often, a lot
    Synonyms: sokat, gyakran
    Gyermekkorunkban sokszor voltunk betegek. ― We were often ill as children.

#### Derived terms

* sokszori
* sokszorta

#### Related terms

* sokszoros

### Further reading

* sokszor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# aduk
## Hungarian
### Etymology

adu +‎ -k

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɒduk]
* Hyphenation: aduk

### Noun

aduk
* nominative plural of adu

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay ادوق (aduk), from Minangkabau [Term?], Sundanese [Term?], Javanese ꦲꦢꦸ (adu, “mixture”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈadʊk̚]
* Hyphenation: aduk

### Noun

aduk (base, active mengaduk, passive diaduk)
* to mix.
* to stir.

#### Derived terms

* aduk-adukan
* adukan
* beraduk
* berpengaduk
* mengaduk
* mengaduk-aduk
* mengadukkan
* pengaduk
* pengadukan
* teraduk

### Further reading

* “aduk” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.