# πλέω
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* πλώω (plṓō) — Ionic

### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *pléwō, from Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“to sail, flow”).
In the present and imperfect, the semivowel *ϝ is lost between vowels, but before a consonant is kept as υ, the second element of a diphthong. Cognate with English float.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /plé.ɔː/ → /ˈple.o/ → /ˈple.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /plé.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈple.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈple.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈple.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈple.o/

### Verb

πλέω • (pléō)
* to sail (in a boat)
* to float

#### Derived terms

* οὐ παντός πλεῖν ἐς Κόρινθον (ou pantós pleîn es Kórinthon)
Compounds of the verb @perseus.tufts.edu e.g.
* ᾰ̓νᾰπλέω (ănăpléō, “sail upwards, go up-stream”)
* ᾰ̓ποπλέω (ăpopléō, “to set sail, to depart”)
* δῐᾰπλέω (dĭăpléō, “sail through”)
* εἰσπλέω (eispléō, “sail into, enter”)
* ἐκπλέω (ekpléō, “sail out”)
* ἐπῐπλέω (epĭpléō, “sail upon”)
* κᾰτᾰπλέω (kătăpléō, “sail downstream; sail back”)
* πᾰρᾰπλέω (părăpléō, “sail by”)
* περῐπλέω (perĭpléō, “sail round”)
* προσπλέω (prospléō, “sail towards”)
* συμπλέω (sumpléō, “sail in company with”)
* ὑποπλέω (hupopléō, “sail under”)
More than 200 related words for the grades:
*πλεϝ > -πλέω, -πλευσ-, -πλευμ-
* πλεῦσις f (pleûsis, “sailing”)
* πλεύμων m (pleúmōn, “the lungs”), πνεύμων (pneúmōn)
* πλευμονία m (pleumonía, “disease of the lungs”), πνευμονία (pneumonía)
*πλοϝ > -πλοο-, -πλοι-, -πλου-
* ἄπλοια f (áploia, “detention in port”)
* δυσπλοΐα f (dusploḯa, “difficulty of sailing”)
* πλοῖον n (ploîon, “ship”)
* πλόος m (plóos), contracted πλοῦς (ploûs, “sailing”)
** περῐ́πλους m (perĭ́plous, “circumnavigation”)
* πλοῦτος m (ploûtos, “wealth, riches”)
*πλωϝ > the Ionic -πλώω, -πλωτ-
* πλωτάρχης m (plōtárkhēs, “shipmaster”)
* πλωτήρ m (plōtḗr, “sailor, seaman”)
* πλωτικός (plōtikós, “skilled in seamanship, a seaman”)
* πλωτός (plōtós, “floating; navigable”)
* πλώω (plṓō, “Ionic of πλέω”)
*plϝ > πλυν-j-ω > πλύνω (plúnō, “wash”)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πλέω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1208-9

### Further reading

* “πλέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πλέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “πλέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* πλέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* πλέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “πλέω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G4126 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πλέω.
Compare Mariupol Greek плэ́ву (plévu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈple.o/
* Hyphenation: πλέ‧ω

### Verb

πλέω • (pléo) (past έπλευσα, passive —)
* to sail (in a boat)
* to float
* (figuratively) to have something in abundance, in expressions like:
    πλέω σε πελάγη ευτυχίας ― pléo se pelági eftychías ― I sail in seas of happiness, I am happy
    πλέω στο χρήμα ― pléo sto chríma ― I sail in money, I am rich
    πλέω στο αίμα ― pléo sto aíma ― I sail in blood, I bleed heavily
* (figuratively) to be too large (of shoes, clothing, etc)

#### Related terms

And see their derivatives:
* αναπλέω (anapléo, “sail up river, sail out to sea”)
* αποπλέω (apopléo, “to set sail, to depart”)
* διαπλέω (diapléo, “sail across”)
* εισπλέω (eispléo, “sail in, arrive”)
* εκπλέω (ekpléo, “sail out, depart”)
* επιπλέω (epipléo, “float”)
* καταπλέω (katapléo, “sail to port”)
* παραπλέω (parapléo, “sail along”)
* περιπλέω (peripléo, “sail around”)
* συμπλέω (sympléo, “sail together; agree”)
* αδιάπλευστος (adiáplefstos, “unnavigable”)
* άπλοια f (áploia, “detention of ships at port”)
* πλεούμενο n (pleoúmeno, “floating vessel, boat, ship”)
* πλεύση f (pléfsi, “sailing, sailing route”)
* πλεύσιμος (pléfsimos, “navigable”)
* πλευστός (plefstós, “navigable”)
* πλοήγηση (ploḯgisi, “navigation”)
* πλοηγός (ploïgós, “navigator”)
* πλοηγώ (ploïgó, “navigate”)
* πλοίαρχος (ploíarchos, “captain of ship”)
* πλόιμος (plóimos, “navigable”)
* πλοίο n (ploío, “ship”)
** -πλοιο n, -πλοΐα f, -πλοϊκός (adjective)
* πλους m (plous, “sail, sailing”)
** ἐν πλῷ (en plôi, “while sailing”) (formal, archaic)
* πλωτάρχης m (plotárchis)
* πλωτός (plotós, “navigable”)

### Further reading

* πλέω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language