# gemo
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡemo]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -emo
* Hyphenation: ge‧mo

### Noun

gemo (accusative singular gemon, plural gemoj, accusative plural gemojn)
* gemstone (precious stone)

#### See also

* juvelo

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɛ.mo/
* Rhymes: -ɛmo
* Hyphenation: gè‧mo

### Verb

gemo
* first-person singular present indicative of gemere

### Anagrams

* moge

## Latin
### Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *gem- (“to grasp”), whence Ancient Greek γέμω (gémō, “to be full”), Ancient Greek γόμος (gómos, “load; cargo”), Lithuanian gùmstu (“to grasp”) The semantic shift would be something like "to grasp, press" > "to take one's fill" > "to groan, moan (from eating too much)".
However, de Vaan notes that this series of semantic shifts is quite unlikely, and prefers Vine's theory deriving the word from a Proto-Indo-European *genH- (“to call”) (with replacement of *-n > -m on the model of semantically similar verbs like fremō (“to roar”) and tremō (“to tremble”)), whence Ancient Greek γέγωνᾰ (gégōnă, “to shout”), Tocharian A ken- (“to call”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈɡe.moː/, [ˈɡɛmoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒe.mo/, [ˈd͡ʒɛːmo]

### Verb

gemō (present infinitive gemere, perfect active gemuī, supine gemitum); third conjugation
* to sigh, groan
    Synonyms: ingemō, ingemīscō
* (of things) to creak
* to bemoan, lament
    Synonyms: dēplōrō, ingemō, lūgeō, plangō, queror, conqueror, plōrō, fleō

#### Conjugation

* In practice, the passive forms are not used except for the third-person.

#### Derived terms

* adgemō
* aggemō
* circumgemō
* congemēscō
* congemīscō
* congemō
* gemebundus
* gemitōrius
* gemitus
* ingemēscō
* ingemīscō
* ingemō
* regemō

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Romanian: geme
** Aromanian: dzem, dzemu
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: gemere
* North-Italian:
** Friulian: gemi
** Ligurian: zemî
** Piedmontese: gëmme
** Venetan: xemer
* Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: gendre
** Old French: giembre
*** French: geindre
** Old Occitan: gemer
* Ibero-Romance:
** Old Galician-Portuguese: gemer
*** Portuguese: gemer
** Asturian: ximir
** Old Spanish: emer
* ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *gemicāre
** Aragonese: chemecar, chomecar, chemecar
*** →? Catalan: gemecar
** Catalan: gemegar
*** → Sicilian: gimigari
** Gascon: gemicar, gemecar
** Occitan:
    Languedocien: gemegar
    Vivaro-Alpine: gingar
** Old French: [Term?]
*** Lorrain: /ʒəmʒi/
* ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *gemitāre
** Italian: gemitare (archaic), gemetà (Romanesco)
** Neapolitan: gemetià
* Borrowings:
** → Catalan: gemir
** →? Albanian: gjëmoj, glëmoj
** → French: gémir
** → Occitan: gemir
** → Spanish: gemir (semi-learned)

### References

* ↑ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938) “gemo”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 588
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “gemō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 257

### Further reading

* “gemo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “gemo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* gemo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* gemo in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʒẽ.mu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʒẽ.mu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈʒe.mo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʒe.mu/
* Hyphenation: ge‧mo

### Verb

gemo
* first-person singular present indicative of gemer