OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# usuari
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ūsuārius.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [u.zuˈa.ɾi]

### Adjective

usuari (feminine usuària, masculine plural usuaris, feminine plural usuàries)
* (relational) user
    persona usuària ― user
* (relational) subscriber

### Noun

usuari m (plural usuaris, feminine usuària)
* user
* subscriber

#### Derived terms

* espai d'usuari
* experiència d'usuari
* interfície d'usuari
* usuari final

#### Related terms

* usar
* ús

### Further reading

* “usuari” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “usuari”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

## Italian
### Noun

usuari m
* plural of usuario

### Anagrams

* usurai

## Latin
### Noun

ūsuāri
* vocative singular of ūsuārius
# надшвидкий
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From над- (nad-) +‎ швидки́й (švydkýj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nɐd͡ʒʃʋedˈkɪi̯]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Adjective

надшвидки́й • (nadšvydkýj) (adverb надшви́дко, abstract noun надшви́дкість)
* superfast, superquick, ultrafast, ultraquick
    Synonym: супершвидки́й (superšvydkýj)

#### Derived terms

* надшви́дкісний (nadšvýdkisnyj)
* надшвидкоді́йний (nadšvydkodíjnyj)
* надшвидкоді́я f (nadšvydkodíja)

#### Related terms

* високошви́дкісний (vysokošvýdkisnyj)
* низькошви́дкісний (nyzʹkošvýdkisnyj)
* супершвидки́й (superšvydkýj)
* швидки́й (švydkýj)

### References

* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2018), “надшвидкий”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 9 (міщани́н – насту́кувати), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “надшвидкий”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “надшвидкий”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “надшвидкий”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
# konsuler
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔnˈsulɛr/
* Hyphenation: kon‧su‧lèr

### Etymology 1

From Dutch consulaire, from French consulaire.

#### Adjective

konsulèr
* consular

##### Related terms

* konsul
* konsulat

### Etymology 2

Affixed konsul +‎ -er.

#### Noun

konsulèr (uncountable)
* consultant
    Synonym: konsultan

##### Related terms

* konsulen
* konsultan
* konsultasi
* konsultatif

### Further reading

* “konsuler” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

konsuler m
* indefinite plural of konsul

## Swedish
### Noun

konsuler
* indefinite plural of konsul
# lagitik
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /laɡiˈtik/ [lɐ.ɣɪˈt̪ik̚]
* Rhymes: -ik
* Syllabification: la‧gi‧tik

### Noun

lagitík (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜄᜒᜆᜒᜃ᜔)
* sharp, cracking sound (as made by a whip or cracking bone, bamboo, etc.)
* clicking sound (as made by snapping fingers)

#### Derived terms

* lumagitik
* magpalagitik
* palagitikin
# electrophilic
## English
### Etymology

From electro- +‎ -philic.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

electrophilic (comparative more electrophilic, superlative most electrophilic)
* (chemistry) of, or relating to an electrophile; electron deficient

#### Antonyms

* nucleophilic

#### Derived terms

* biselectrophilic
* dielectrophilic
* electrophilically
* electrophilicity
* electrophilic substitution
* nonelectrophilic
# meteoric
## English
### Etymology

From meteor +‎ -ic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌmiːtiˈɒɹɪk/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒɹɪk

### Adjective

meteoric (comparative more meteoric, superlative most meteoric)
* Of, pertaining to, or originating from a meteor.
    meteoric iron
* (by extension) Like a meteor in speed, brilliance, or ephemeralness.
    Her meteoric rise to power was followed by a slow, lackluster career at the top.
** 2022 December 30, Kari Paul, “US bans China-based TikTok app on all federal government devices”, in The Guardian‎:With the meteoric rise has come broad concerns about the app’s impact on its relatively young users.
* (geology, of water) Originating in the atmosphere.
* Influenced by the weather.
** 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXXVI, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 299:On the far side was reflected a single red and meteoric cloud, which had treasured one last crimson ray from the sunset, or perhaps nursed within it the fiery leaven.
** 1913 January–May, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “The Gods of Mars”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as chapter XIII, in The Gods of Mars, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., 1918 September, →OCLC:It was summer at the south pole. The ice cap was melting and those meteoric phenomena, clouds, unknown upon the greater part of Barsoom, were shutting out the light of heaven from this portion of the planet.

#### Derived terms

* meteorically
* meteoric iron
* meteoric water

#### Related terms

* meteor
* meteorite
* meteoritic
* meteoritics
* meteoroid
* meteoroidal
* meteorological
* meteorology

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* core time

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French météorique. By surface analysis, meteor +‎ -ic.

### Adjective

meteoric m or n (feminine singular meteorică, masculine plural meteorici, feminine and neuter plural meteorice)
* meteoric
# griddle
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English gridil, from Anglo-Norman gredil, variant of Old French greil, from Latin crāticulum, diminutive of crātis. Doublet of grill (“grid of wire”), from the same Old French and Latin sources.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡɹɪdəl/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪdəl

### Noun

griddle (plural griddles)
* A stone or metal flat plate or surface on which food is fried or baked.
** 1871, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, “chapter 5”, in Little Men: […], Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC:Such a clatter as the little spoon made, and such a beating as the batter got, it quite foamed, I assure you; and when Daisy poured some on to the griddle, it rose like magic into a puffy flapjack that made Demi's mouth water.
** 1894, Lance Rawson, “Australian enquiry book of household and general information”, in Cookery:Some people when making scones do not trouble to light the oven but use the frying pan: of course if you have a griddle it is better than oven or pan, but very few people possess this useful utensil.

#### Derived terms

* antigriddle
* griddle cake
* griddlecake
* like a hen on a hot griddle

#### Related terms

* grid
* gridiron

#### Translations
### Verb

griddle (third-person singular simple present griddles, present participle griddling, simple past and past participle griddled)
* (transitive) To cook on a griddle.

### Anagrams

* girdled, gridled
# вдосконалення
## Ukrainian
### Alternative forms

* удоскона́лення (udoskonálennja)

### Etymology

From вдоскона́лити (vdoskonályty) +‎ -ення (-ennja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [wdɔskɔˈnaɫenʲːɐ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

вдоскона́лення • (vdoskonálennja) n inan (genitive вдоскона́лення, nominative plural вдоскона́лення, genitive plural вдоскона́лень)
* verbal noun of вдоскона́лити pf (vdoskonályty) and вдоскона́литися pf (vdoskonálytysja)
* improvement, enhancement, refinement

#### Usage notes

* The forms вдоскона́лення (vdoskonálennja) (used after vowels) and удоскона́лення (udoskonálennja) (used after consonants or at the beginning of a clause) differ in pronunciation but are considered variants of the same word.

#### Derived terms

* самовдоскона́лення n (samovdoskonálennja)

### References

* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “вдосконалення”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (в – відсрібли́тися), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
* “вдосконалення”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Busel, V. T. (2005) “вдосконалення”, in Великий тлумачний словник сучасної української мови [Great Explanatory Dictionary of Modern Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), 2nd edition, Kyiv, Irpin: Perun, →ISBN, page 117
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “вдосконалення”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “вдосконалення”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
# երկաթուղի
## Armenian
### Etymology

From երկաթ (erkatʻ) +‎ ուղի (uġi). Probably a calque of French chemin de fer.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /jeɾkɑtʰuˈʁi/, [jeɾkɑtʰuʁí]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /jeɾɡɑtuˈʁi/, [jeɾɡɑtʰuʁí]

### Noun

երկաթուղի • (erkatʻuġi)
* railway, railroad

#### Derived terms

* երկաթուղագիծ (erkatʻuġagic)
* երկաթուղային (erkatʻuġayin)
* երկաթուղաքարշում (erkatʻuġakʻaršum)

### Further reading

* Aramean, Čanik (1860) “երկաթուղի”, in Hamaṙōtagoyn baṙaran ardean lezui: Hayerēn i tač. i fṙans. [Dictionnaire abrégé Armenien–turc–francais]‎ (in Armenian), Paris: Tpagrutʻiwn Aramean, page 14a
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “երկաթուղի”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# ferveo
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* fervō

### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *ferweō, from earlier *ferwejō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁- (“to be hot, boil”). Cognate with Ancient Greek φρέαρ (phréar), Old Armenian բորբ (borb), Welsh berw (“to boil”), English burn, brew, per De Vaan citing Schrijver.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈfer.u̯e.oː/, [ˈfɛru̯eoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈfer.ve.o/, [ˈfɛrveo]

### Verb

ferveō (present infinitive fervēre, perfect active ferbuī or fervī, supine fervitum); second conjugation, impersonal in the passive
* to be hot
* to burn
* to boil; seethe, foam
* (figuratively) to come or swarm forth in great numbers, be alive with, teem, abound
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.405–407:[...] pars grandia trūdunt / obnīxae frūmenta umerīs; pars agmina cōgunt / castīgantque morās; opere omnis sēmita fervet.[The Trojans are compared to an army of ants carrying food:] Some struggle against big grains, pushing with their shoulders; others marshal the ranks and rebuke delays: The whole trail swarms with activity.
* (figuratively) to be inflamed, agitated or fired up

#### Derived terms

* cōnferveō
* dēferveō
* efferveō
* fermentum
* fervefaciō
* fervēns
* ferventer
* fervēscō
* fervidus
* fervō
* fervor
* īnferveō
* perferveō
* referveō
* sufferveō

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: herbu, hjerbu, hearbiri
* Asturian: ferver
* Galician: ferver
* Italian: fervere
* Portuguese: ferver
* Romanian: fierbe, fierbere
* Sicilian: frèviri
* Spanish: hervir

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ferveō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 215-6
* ↑ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “ferveo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ferveo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ferveo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “fever”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
# suaineach
## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From suain +‎ -ach.

### Adjective

suaineach
* sleepy, drowsy

#### Related terms

* suain
* suainealach
* suainealaiche
* suainealas

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# дорогенький
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From дороги́й (dorohýj) +‎ -е́нький (-énʹkyj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dɔrɔˈɦɛnʲkei̯]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Adjective

дороге́нький • (dorohénʹkyj)
* endearing form of дороги́й (dorohýj): dear, precious (beloved; held in affection)

#### Derived terms

* дороге́сенький (dorohésenʹkyj)

### References

* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2013), “дорогенький”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 4 (д – жучо́к), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “дорогенький”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “дорогенький”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “дорогенький”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “дорогенький”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “дорогенький”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “дорогенький”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# विसृज्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱিসৃজ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬶᬲᬺᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
* বিসৃজ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰰𑰭𑰴𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀺𑀲𑀾𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ဝိသၖဇ် (Burmese script)
* વિસૃજ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਵਿਸ੍ਰਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑌿𑌸𑍃𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦶꦱꦽꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂱𑂮𑃂𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ವಿಸೃಜ್ (Kannada script)
* វិស្ឫជ៑ (Khmer script)
* ວິສ຺ຣິຊ຺ (Lao script)
* വിസൃജ് (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᡳᠰ᠌ᡵᡳᡯ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘱𑘭𑘵𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠢᠰᠷᠢᠽ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧒𑧍𑧖𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐶𑐳𑐺𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
* ଵିସୃଜ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢶꢱꢺꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆴𑆱𑆸𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖰𑖭𑖴𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
* විසෘජ් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩑𑪁𑩙𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚮𑚨𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
* விஸ்ரிஜ் (Tamil script)
* విసృజ్ (Telugu script)
* วิสฺฤชฺ (Thai script)
* ཝི་སྲྀ་ཛ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒱𑒮𑒵𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨁𑨰𑨼𑨉𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

वि (vi) +‎ सृज् (sṛj).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋi.sr̩d͡ʑ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈʋi.s̪r̩d͡ʑ/

### Root

विसृज् • (visṛj)
* (literally, figuratively) to send or pour forth, let go or run or flow, discharge, emit, shoot, cast, hurl
* to turn (the eye) upon
* to shed (tears)
* to evacuate the bowels
* to utter (sounds or words)
* to set free, release from
* to send away, dismiss, repudiate, reject, throw or cast off
* to dispatch (a messenger)
* to pass over, overlook
* (in older language) to abandon, desert, give up, renounce
* to open
* to stretch out, extend
* to spread about, diffuse
* to remove
* to remit, exempt from
* to hand over, deliver, bestow, grant
* to produce, create (esp. "in detail")

#### Derived terms

* विसर्ग (visarga)
* विसर्जयति (visarjayati)
* विसृजति (visṛjati)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “विसृज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1001/1.
# leib
## Estonian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *laipa, from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz.

### Noun

leib (genitive leiva, partitive leiba)
* bread (black bread)
* (only in compounds) sandwich
    juustuleib ― cheese sandwich

#### Usage notes

Usually refers to only rye breads. All other wheat-based breads are called sai.

#### Derived terms

* leivanuga (“bread knife”)

#### Descendants

* → Livonian: lēba
* → Võro: leib

### Further reading

* “leib”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
* “leib”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
* leib in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

## Ludian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *laipa, from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz.

### Noun

leib
* bread

## Veps
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *laipa, from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz.

### Noun

leib
* bread

#### Derived terms

* leibkaičim
* leibkorišk
* leibpaštam
* leibstauc
* leibänpaštai
* leibänpaštam
* nižuleib
* voileib

### References

* Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “хлеб”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika
# σπεῖρα
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /spêː.ra/ → /ˈspi.ra/ → /ˈspi.ra/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /spêː.ra/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈspi.ra/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈspi.ra/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈspi.ra/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈspi.ra/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *sper-yeh₂-, from *sper- (“to twist”), and thus cognate with σπάργανον (spárganon, “swaddling clothes”), σπάρτον (spárton, “rope, cable”), and σπεῖρον (speîron, “shroud”). Outside of Hellenic, cognate with Old Armenian փարել (pʻarel, “to enclose, embrace”) (whence Armenian փարվել (pʻarvel, “id”)), as well as perhaps Albanian fier (“fern”) (which directly corresponds in formation with σπεῖρον (speîron)).

#### Noun

σπεῖρα • (speîra) f (genitive σπείρᾱς); first declension
* anything twisted or wound
** (in the plural) coils or spires of snakes
** rope, cord
** knot or curl in wood
** (architecture) torus of a column

##### Derived terms

* σπειραία (speiraía)
* σπειράομαι (speiráomai)
* σπειρηδόν (speirēdón)
* σπειρικός (speirikós)
* σπειρίον (speiríon)
* σπειρίτης (speirítēs)

##### Descendants

* Greek: σπείρα (speíra)
* → Latin: spīra

#### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπεῖρα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1379
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπάρτον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1377: “Despite Beekes claiming that "(Armenian) p' cannot come from PIE *sp-", said phonetic shift appears to be a legal and expected outcome.”
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπεῖρον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1379

#### Further reading

* “σπεῖρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “σπεῖρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* σπεῖρα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

σπεῖρα • (speîra)
* nominative/accusative/vocative plural of σπεῖρον (speîron)
# mahrum
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish محروم (mahrum), from Arabic مَحْرُوم (maḥrūm).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mahˈɾum/
* Hyphenation: mah‧rum

### Adjective

mahrum
* deprived, bereft, dispossessed

#### Derived terms

* mahrum etmek
* mahrum kalmak
* mahrum olmak

#### Related terms

* haram
* harami
* harem
* hürmet
* ihram
* ihtiram
* mahrem
* mahrumiyet
* muhterem

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “محروم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1762
* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “محروم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1128
* ↑ Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901) “مَحروم”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 1300
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “mahrum”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “mahrum”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “mahrum”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3020

## Turkmen
### Etymology

From Arabic مَحْرُوم (maḥrūm).

### Adjective

mahrum (comparative ?, superlative iň mahrum)
* lacking, devoid
# abatre
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin abbattere, from Latin battere.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [əˈβa.tɾə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [əˈba.tɾə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [aˈba.tɾe]
* Rhymes: -atɾe

### Verb

abatre (first-person singular present abato, first-person singular preterite abatí, past participle abatut)
* to pull down; knock down, bring down, shoot down (cause to fall down)
* to bring down (cause to become unhappy)
* to bring down (e.g. an empire, regime)

#### Derived terms

* abatedor
* abatible
* abatiment

#### References

* “abatre” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Occitan
### Alternative forms

* abàter (Gascony)

### Etymology

From Late Latin abbattere, from Latin battere.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Languedoc):(file)

### Verb

abatre
* to knock down; to push down

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Old French
### Alternative forms

* abattre

### Etymology

From Late Latin abbattere, from Latin battere.

### Verb

abatre
* to knock over; to knock down
* to destroy; to slaughter
** c. 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:Sis chastels fist abatreHe destroyed six castles
** c. 1200, Marie de France, Milun:Par ire se voldra cumbatre; s’il le puet del cheval abatre, dune sera il en fin honiz.By pure anger he wanted to fight; to slay him from his horse, in order to cover him in shame.

#### Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

#### Descendants

* Bourguignon: aibaitre
* Middle French: abbatre, abatre, abattre, abbattre
** French: abattre
* Norman: abattre, abat
* Walloon: abate
* → Middle English: abaten
** English: abate