OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# bedidrian
## Old English
### Etymology

Equivalent to be- +‎ dyderian (“to cheat, trick”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beˈdid.ri.ɑn/

### Verb

bedidrian
* to deceive

### References

* Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “be-didrian”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎, 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
# tigneir
## Romansch
### Alternative forms

* tegnair (Rumantsch Grischun)
* tener (Sursilvan)
* taner (Sutsilvan)
* tgnair (Puter, Vallader)

### Etymology

From Latin teneō, tenēre.

### Verb

tigneir
* (Surmiran) to hold, keep

#### Derived terms

* tigneir chint
* tigneir cumpagneia
* tigneir distanza
* tigneir ils poleschs
* tigneir or
* tigneir pled
* tigneirtgesa
# μονομάχος
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* μονομάχης (monomákhēs)

### Etymology

From μόνος (mónos, “alone”) +‎ μᾰ́χη (mắkhē, “combat”) +‎ -ος (-os), literally “lone warrior”, from μάχομαι (mákhomai, “to fight, battle, contend”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mo.no.má.kʰos/ → /mo.noˈma.xos/ → /mo.noˈma.xos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /mo.no.má.kʰos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /mo.noˈma.kʰos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /mo.noˈma.xos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /mo.noˈma.xos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /mo.noˈma.xos/

### Adjective

μονομᾰ́χος • (monomắkhos) m or f (neuter μονομᾰ́χον); second declension
* fighting in single combat; dueling by hand-to-hand combat

#### Declension
### Noun

μονομᾰ́χος • (monomắkhos) m (genitive μονομᾰ́χου); second declension
* close combat contender, warrior, fighter, dueler
* (Koine, Ancient Rome) a gladiator

#### Derived terms

* μονομᾰχεῖον (monomăkheîon)
* μονομᾰχέω (monomăkhéō)
* μονομᾰχία (monomăkhía)
* μονομᾰχικός (monomăkhikós)
* μονομᾰ́χιον (monomắkhion)
* μονομᾰχῶ (monomăkhô)
* μουνομᾰχέω (mounomăkhéō)
* μουνομᾰχίη (mounomăkhíē)

#### Descendants

* Byzantine Greek: Μονομάχος (Monomákhos), Μονομαχίνα (Monomakhína)
* → Greek: Μονομάχος (Monomáchos), μονομάχος (monomáchos) (learned)
* → Latin: Monomachus
** English: Monomachus, Monomachos
* → Old East Slavic: Мономахъ (Monomaxŭ)
** Russian: Монома́х (Monomáx)
** Ukrainian: Монома́х (Monomáx)

### Further reading

* “μονομάχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “μονομάχος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* μονομάχος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

## Greek
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Koine Greek μονομάχος (monomákhos), equivalent to μόνος (mónos, “alone”) +‎ μάχη (máchi, “combat”) +‎ -ος (-os), literally “lone warrior”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mo.noˈma.xos/
* Hyphenation: μο‧νο‧μά‧χος

### Noun

μονομάχος • (monomáchos) m (plural μονομάχοι)
* contestant, dueller, duellist
* (historical, Ancient Rome) a gladiator

#### Related terms

* μονομαχία f (monomachía, “duel, joust, contest”)
* ψάρι μονομάχος (psári monomáchos, “fighting fish”)

#### Further reading

* μονομάχος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
* μονομάχος on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
# Douyin
## English
### Etymology

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 抖音 (dǒuyīn, literally “shaking sound”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈdəʊ.jɪn/
* (US) IPA: /ˈdoʊ.jɪn/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪn
* Hyphenation: Dou‧yin

### Proper noun

Douyin
* The version of TikTok, a video-sharing social media platform, that is exclusively used in mainland China.
** 2019, Xing Lu, Zhicong Lu, “Fifteen Seconds of Fame: A Qualitative Study of Douyin, A Short Video Sharing Mobile Application in China”, in Gabriele Meiselwitz, editor, Social Computing and Social Media: Design, Human Behavior and Analytics; […] (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; 11578), Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 233–234:Douyin’s influence has even extended offline, as many users identify themselves as Douyiner (“抖音人”) and socialize with each other using jargons in real life.
** 2019 October 8, Tian Lu, “Beijing Internet Court: whether a short video is original or not has nothing to do with its length”, in IPKat‎, archived from the original on 2019-10-08:In May 2018, ‘Black Face V’, a popular ‘Douyiner’ with 26.37 million followers, posted a 13-second video entitled ‘I want to tell you’ on Douyin, in which the watermarks of ‘Douyin’ and ‘ID: 145651081’ were embedded.
** 2020, Aliaksandra Shutsko, “User-Generated Short Video Content in Social Media. A Case Study of TikTok”, in Gabriele Meiselwitz, editor, Social Computing and Social Media: Participation, User Experience, Consumer Experience, and Applications of Social Computing; […] (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; 12195), Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, page 66:We found that between the two groups, they had no significant difference in their perceptions of relevance of the recommended videos on Douyin, perceptions of the variety of content recommended by Douyin, perceptions of the relevance of content providers of the recommended videos, and confidence in Douyin's respect for their privacy.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Douyin.

#### Derived terms

* Douyiner

#### See also

* TikTok
# EDNY
## English
### Alternative forms

* E.D.N.Y., E. D. N. Y.

### Proper noun

EDNY
* Abbreviation of Eastern District of New York. (Long Island)

#### Related terms

* NDNY
* SDNY
* WDNY

### Further reading

* United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* deny, Endy, dyne, Ynde
# car boot sale
## English
### Noun

car boot sale (plural car boot sales)
* (British) Synonym of boot fair.

#### Descendants

* → Welsh: sêl cist car (calque)

#### See also

* garage sale, rummage sale, flea market, swap meet
# くれないいろ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of くれないいろ – see the following entry. :
| 【紅色】 | [noun] the color crimson, a vivid red edging towards pink |
(This term, くれないいろ (kurenaīro), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# הטיב
## Hebrew

* Root
* ט־ו־ב (ṭ-w-b)
* 8 terms

### Verb

הֵטִיב • (hetív) (hif'il construction)
* Alternative form of הֵיטִיב (heitív)
# Amis
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈmiː/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Old French Amis, a given name and nickname, from Latin amīcus (“friend”).

#### Proper noun

Amis
* A surname from Old French.

##### Related terms

* Amyas

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Amis amis (“north”), ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *qamiS (“north wind”). Compare Sakizaya amis (“north”).

#### Noun

Amis pl (plural only)
* Amis people, an ethnic group in Taiwan
** 2021 July 6, “'Goddess of weightlifting' Kuo carries Taiwan's Olympic hopes”, in France 24‎, archived from the original on 06 July 2021:A member of Taiwan's indigenous Amis tribe, Kuo showed sporting talent at an early age, training in judo, basketball and athletics in her native Taitung county.

##### Translations
#### Proper noun

Amis
* The language of these people.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Amis terms

### Further reading

* ISO 639-3 code ami (SIL)
* Ethnologue entry for Amis, ami ⁠

### Anagrams

* ISAM, Isam, M'sia, MIAs, Masi, Mias, Sami, Siam, Sima, Sámi, aims, saim, siam, sima

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Amis
* plural of Ami
* genitive singular of Ami
# dark blue snakeweed
## English
### Noun

dark blue snakeweed (uncountable)
* Synonym of blue snakeweed
# esmalt
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin smaltum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [əzˈmal]
* IPA: (Balearic) [əzˈmalt]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ezˈmalt]

### Noun

esmalt m (plural esmalts)
* enamel
* (heraldry) tincture

#### Derived terms

* esmalt d'ungles
* esmaltar

### Further reading

* “esmalt” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “esmalt” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Estonian
### Etymology

From esma- +‎ -lt.

### Adverb

esmalt (not comparable)
* at first, firstly

## Old Occitan
### Alternative forms

* esmaut, armaut

### Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin smaltum.

### Noun

esmalt m (oblique plural esmalts, nominative singular esmalts, nominative plural esmalt)
* enamel

#### Descendants

* Occitan: esmaut, esmalt, esmart
Borrowings:
* → Italy:
** Italian: smalto
*** → Czech: smalt
*** → English: smalto
*** → Russian: сма́льта (smálʹta)
*** → Sardinian: ismaltu (probably)
** Sicilian: smartu
* → Iberia:
** Old Galician-Portuguese: esmalte
*** Galician: esmalte
*** Portuguese: esmalte
** Old Leonese: [Term?]
*** Asturian: esmalte
** Old Spanish: esmalte
*** Spanish: esmalte
# keijidōsha
## Japanese
### Romanization

keijidōsha
* Rōmaji transcription of けいじどうしゃ
# palindan
## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /palinˈdan/ [pɐ.lɪn̪ˈd̪an̪]
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: pa‧lin‧dan

### Noun

palindán (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜒᜈ᜔ᜇᜈ᜔)
* Orania palindan
* Freycinetia scabripes

#### Derived terms

* palindan-pula

#### See also

* banga
* pandan

### Further reading

* “palindan”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
# उत्थापयति
## Sanskrit
### Etymology

From उद्- (ud-) +‎ स्थापयति (sthāpayati). By surface analysis, उत्था (utthā, root) +‎ -आपयति (-āpayati).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /út.tʰɑː.pɐ.jɐ.ti/, [út̚.tʰɑː.pɐ.jɐ.ti]
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ut̪ˈt̪ʰɑː.pɐ.jɐ.t̪i/, [ut̪̚ˈt̪ʰɑː.pɐ.jɐ.t̪i]

### Verb

उत्था॑पयति • (útthāpayati) third-singular indicative (class 10, type P, causative, root उत्था)
* to cause to stand up, raise, lift
** c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda

#### Descendants

* Niya Prakrit: 𐨀𐨂𐨠𐨬𐨅𐨟𐨁 (uthaveti)
* Pali: uṭṭhāpeti
* Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀸𑀯𑁂𑀇 (uṭṭhāvei) (see there for further descendants)
** ⇒ Prakrit: 𑀉𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀇 (uṭṭhaï, “to stand up”) (see there for further descendants)

### References

* ↑ Monier Williams (1899) “उत्था”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 179.
* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*ut-sthāpayati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 88
# chemiglyphic
## English
### Etymology

From chemi- +‎ glyphic.

### Adjective

chemiglyphic (not comparable)
* (historical) Engraved by chemical etching.
** 1855, Annual Report of the Director, United States Coast Survey, page 55:This I have great expectation of determining to be a practicable method of producing a chemiglyphic line-engraving; but the essential idea of this is probably due to M. Gaudin instead of myself.
** 1910, Louis Edward Levy, “The Pictorial Age”, in Process Photogram, volume 17, page 242:Twenty-five years later the germs of the collotypic processes were just being hatched out, and to-day the brood of photographic, collotypic, and chemiglyphic processes has become so numerous that only a Special Committee of some future Pan-Graphic Convention will ever manage to get their very names disentangled.
# דרס
## Hebrew

* Root
* ד־ר־ס (d-r-s)
* 2 terms

### Verb

דָּרַס • (darás) (pa'al construction, passive participle דָּרוּס, passive counterpart נִדְרַס)
* to step on (someone or something), trample
* to run (someone) over, run (someone) down
# ahmak
## Malay
### Etymology

From Arabic أَحْمَق (ʔaḥmaq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ahˈmaʔ/
* Hyphenation: ah‧mak
* Rhymes: -maʔ, -aʔ

### Adjective

ahmak (Jawi spelling احمق)
* (derogatory) stupid (lacking in intelligence)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:bodoh

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish احمق, ultimately from Arabic أَحْمَق (ʔaḥmaq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ǎxmak/

### Noun

àhmak m (Cyrillic spelling а̀хмак)
* (regional, colloquial) fool

### Further reading

* “ahmak”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
* Reković, Ibrahim (2013) Rječnik plavsko-gusinjskoga govora [Dictionary of the Plav-Gusinje dialect], Podgorica: Institut za crnogorski jezik i književnost, →ISBN, page 17

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Arabic أَحْمَق (ʔaḥmaq).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɑh.mɑk]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ah‧mak

### Synonyms

* andaval
* aptal
* avanak
* bön
* salak

### Adjective

ahmak
* fool, stupid, silly

#### Declension
### Noun

ahmak (definite accusative ahmağı, plural ahmaklar)
* fool

#### Derived terms

* ahmaklık

### References

* “ahmak”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# ichtyose
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ik.tjoz/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

ichtyose f (plural ichtyoses)
* ichthyosis

#### Hypernyms

* dermatose

#### Hyponyms

* sauriasis

#### Derived terms

* ichtyose buccale
* ichtyose congénitale
* ichtyose intra-utérine
* ichtyose scutulaire

### References

* Jacques Quevauvilliers, Dictionnaire médical, Elsevier Masson, Issy-les-Moulineaux, 5th ed., 2007, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “ichtyose”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# distractio
## Latin
### Etymology

From distrahō (“to drag apart”) +‎ -tiō.

### Noun

distractiō f (genitive distractiōnis); third declension
* A dragging apart; a pulling away; an act of separating or dividing
* (figuratively) Something that causes people to turn away from each other or their activity; discord; a distraction

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* → Asturian: distraición
* → Catalan: distracció
* → Galician: distracción
* → Italian: distrazione
* → Middle French: distraction
** French: distraction
*** → Romanian: distracție
** → English: distraction
* → Occitan: distraccion
* → Piedmontese: distrassion
* → Portuguese: distração
* → Spanish: distracción

### References

* “distractio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “distractio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* distractio in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* distractio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# Cocu
## English
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Cocu.

### Proper noun

Cocu
* An ommune in Argeș, Romania.
# mesoscaphe
## English
### Alternative forms

* mesoscaph

### Etymology

From French mésoscaphe. From meso- +‎ Ancient Greek σκάφη (skáphē, “little ship”). Coined by Jacques Piccard.

### Noun

mesoscaphe (plural mesoscaphes)
* A submersible submarine designed for drifting on sea currents in the middle depth layers of the ocean.

#### Related terms

* bathyscaphe

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* homescapes, homespaces
# beast of burden
## English
### Noun

beast of burden (plural beasts of burden)
* A draft animal, a pack animal such as a donkey, mule, llama, camel, horse, or ox, that carries or pulls a load for the benefit of a human.
* (by extension) Any domesticated animal trained to perform tasks for humans, such as a herding dog or trained falcon.

#### See also

* draught animal

#### Further reading

* beast of burden on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# אבות אכלו בוסר ושיני בנים תקהינה
## Hebrew
### Etymology

Directly from Jeremiah 31:29 (see quotation below).

### Proverb

אבות אכלו בוסר ושיני בנים תקהינה / אָבוֹת אָכְלוּ בֹּסֶר וְשִׁנֵּי בָּנִים תִּקְהֶינָה • (avót akh'lú bóser v'shiné baním tik'héna)
* Children will suffer for their parents' misdeeds.
** Tanach, Jeremiah 31:28, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם לֹא־יֹאמְרוּ עוֹד אָבוֹת אָכְלוּ בֹסֶר וְשִׁנֵּי בָנִים תִּקְהֶינָה׃bayamím hahém lo-yom'rú ód avót akh'lú vóser v'shiné vaním tik'héna. bayyāmīm hāhēm lō-yōmərū ʿōḏ ʾāḇōṯ ʾāḵəlū ḇṓser wəšinnē ḇānīm tiqhénā.In those days they shall say no more: ‘The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children’s teeth are set on edge.’

#### Usage notes

* Often as a rhetorical question indicating that children should not suffer for their parents' misdeeds.
# העברה
## Hebrew
### Etymology

* Root
* ע־ב־ר (ʿ-b-r)
* 14 terms
Action noun of הֶעֱבִיר (he'evír).

### Noun

הַעֲבָרָה • (ha'avará) f (plural indefinite הַעֲבָרוֹת, singular construct הַעֲבָרַת־, plural construct הַעֲבָרוֹת־) [pattern: הַקְטָלָה]
* A transfer: the act of transferring (money, a population, an embassy, etc.).
* (psychology) Transference: a theoretical phenomenon involving unconscious redirection of feelings from one object to another.

### References

* “העברה” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language
# Addis-Abeba
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.dis a.bɛ.ba/ ~ /a.dis a.be.ba/

### Proper noun

Addis-Abeba f
* Addis Ababa (the capital of Ethiopia)
# 물병자리
## Korean
### Etymology

From 물병(甁) (mulbyeong, “water bottle”) +‎ 자리 (jari, “constellation”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [muɭp͈jʌ̹ŋd͡ʑa̠ɾi]
* Phonetic hangul: [물뼝자리]

### Proper noun

물병자리 • (Mulbyeongjari)
* (astronomy) Aquarius

### See also

Zodiac signs in Korean · 황도 십이궁(黃道十二宮) (Hwangdo sibigung) (layout · text) :
| 양(羊)자리 (Yangjari) 모양(牡羊)자리 (Moyangjari) 백양궁(白羊宮) (Baegyanggung) | 황소자리 (Hwangsojari) 모우(牡牛)자리 (Moujari) 모우좌(牡牛座) (Moujwa) 금우궁(金牛宮) (Geumugung) | 쌍(雙)둥이자리 (Ssangdung'ijari) 쌍아궁(雙兒宮) (Ssang'agung) 쌍자궁(雙子宮) (Ssangjagung) | 게자리 (Gejari) 거해궁(巨蟹宮) (Geohaegung) |
| 사자(獅子)자리 (Sajajari) 사자궁(獅子宮) (Sajagung) 사자좌(獅子座) (Sajajwa) 예좌(猊座) (Yejwa) | 처녀(處女)자리 (Cheonyeojari) 처녀궁(處女宮) (Cheonyeogung) 처녀성좌(處女星座) (Cheonyeoseongjwa) 쌍녀궁(雙女宮) (Ssangnyeogung) | 천칭(天秤)자리 (Cheonchingjari) 천칭궁(天秤宮) (Cheonchinggung) 천칭좌(天秤座) (Cheonchingjwa) 저울자리 (Jeouljari) | 전갈(全蠍)자리 (Jeon'galjari) 천갈궁(天蠍宮) (Cheon'galgung) 전갈좌(全蠍座) (Jeon'galjwa) |
| 궁수(弓手)자리 (Gungsujari) 사수(射手)자리 (Sasujari) 인마궁(人馬宮) (Inmagung) 기사궁(騎射宮) (Gisagung) | 염소자리 (Yeomsojari) 산양(山羊)자리 (Sanyangjari) 산양좌(山羊座) (Sanyangjwa) 마갈궁(磨羯宮) (Magalgung) | 물병(甁)자리 (Mulbyeongjari) 수병(水甁)자리 (Subyeongjari) 수병좌(水甁座) (Subyeongjwa) 보병궁(寶甁宮) (Bobyeonggung) | 물고기자리 (Mulgogijari) 쌍어궁(雙魚宮) (Ssang'eogung) 어좌(魚座) (Eojwa) |
# spaceplane
## English
### Etymology

From space +‎ plane.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

spaceplane (plural spaceplanes)
* A rocketplane designed to pass the edge of space, combining certain features of aircraft and spacecraft.
    Synonym: aerospace plane

#### See also

* scramjet

### Anagrams

* Cape planes
# arawan
## Ainu
### Alternative forms

* arwan

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [àꜛɾáɰᵝán]

### Numeral

arawan (Kana spelling アラワン)
* seven

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From araw +‎ -an.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ʔaɾaˈwan/ [ʔɐ.ɾɐˈwan̪] (adjective)
*** Rhymes: -an
** IPA: /ʔaˈɾawan/ [ʔɐˈɾaː.wɐn̪] (noun, verb)
*** Rhymes: -awan
* Syllabification: a‧ra‧wan

### Adjective

arawán (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜏᜈ᜔)
* paid by the day; paid on a daily basis

#### Derived terms

* arawang forkast

### Noun

arawan (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜏᜈ᜔)
* area on which the sun shines

### Verb

arawan (complete inarawan, progressive inaarawan, contemplative aarawan, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇᜏᜈ᜔)
* to be exposed to the sun
# لغات
## Arabic
### Noun

لُغَات • (luḡāt) f pl
* plural of لُغَة (luḡa)

## Ottoman Turkish
### Noun

لغات • (lugat)
* plural of لغت (lugat)

## Persian
### Etymology

From Arabic.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [lu.ˈɣɑːt]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [lʊ.ɣɑ́ːt̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [lʊ.ɣɑ́ːt̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [lʊ.ɣɑ́ːt̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [lu.ɣɔ́ːt̪]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [lo.ɢɒ́ːt̪]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [lu.ʁɔ́t̪]

### Noun

لغات • (loğât)
* plural of لغت

#### Descendants

* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: लुग़ात (luġāt)
    Urdu: لُغات (luġāt)
* → Punjabi: luġāt
    Gurmukhi script: ਲੁਗ਼ਾਤ
    Shahmukhi script: لُغات
* → Sindhi: luġāta
    Arabic script: لُغات
    Devanagari script: लुग़ात
    Khudabadi script: 𑋚𑋣𑊼𑋩𑋠𑋍
# παλαίστρᾳ
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pa.lǎi̯s.traːi̯/ → /paˈlɛs.tra/ → /paˈles.tra/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pa.lǎi̯s.traːi̯/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /paˈlɛs.tra/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /paˈlɛs.tra/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /paˈles.tra/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /paˈles.tra/
Mark the vowel length of the ambiguous vowel α by adding a macron after it if it is long, or a breve if it is short. By default, Module:grc-pronunciation assumes it is short if unmarked. [This message shows only in preview mode.]

### Noun

παλαίστρᾳ • (palaístrāi)
* dative singular of παλαίστρᾱ (palaístrā)
# תקיפה
## Hebrew
### Etymology

* Root
* ת־ק־ף (t-q-p)
* 9 terms
Action noun of the root תָּקַף (takáf), from the root ת־ק־ף (t-k-f).

### Noun

תְּקִיפָה • (t'kifá) f (plural indefinite תְּקִיפוֹת, singular construct תְּקִיפַת־, plural construct תְּקִיפוֹת־) [pattern: קְטִילָה]
* An assault, a battery: a violent attack, either literal or figurative.
    תקיפה צבאית ― t'kifá ts'va'ít ― a military assault
    תקיפה מינית ― t'kifá minít ― sexual assault
    תקיפת מחשב ― t'kifát-makhshév ― computer hacking

#### Derived terms

* תְּקִיפָה מִינִית (t'kifá minít)

### Further reading

* תקיפה on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
* תקיפה (פירושונים) on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# aktwel
## Antillean Creole
### Etymology

From French actuel. Possibly influenced by English actual.

### Adjective

aktwel
* real, actual
    I sé an fé aktwel.It is an actual fact
# malifatius
## Latin
### Etymology

From malus (“bad”) +‎ fātum (“fate”) +‎ -ius; literally, “ill-fated”. Compare the name Bonifātius.

### Adjective

malifātius (feminine malifātia, neuter malifātium); first/second-declension adjective (Late Latin)
* unfortunate
** 4th c. CE, Epigraph from the Coemeterium Maius :VRBICE ORFANE / ET MALIFATIE / Q. VIX. ANN. XXII. / IN PACEFor the orphaned and unfortunate Urbica, who died at the age of twenty-two. [May she rest] in peace.

#### Usage notes

Attested in French from ca. 1050 (Vie de saint Alexis) and Occitan from the 12th century (works of Bernart de Ventadorn).

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

#### Descendants

(Shifted to the sense of 'bad' and 'evil'.)
* Franco-Provençal: môvés, môvé
* Mirandese: malbado
* Old French: malvais, malveis, mauvais
** Bourguignon: mauvois
** Middle French: maulvais
*** French: mauvais
** Norman: mauvais
** Picard: mawais
* Old Occitan: malvatz, malvat (analogical oblique, with subtraction of /s/), malvas, malvais, mauvais
** → Catalan: malvat
** → Italian: malvagio
** → Old Galician-Portuguese: malvaz
** → Old Spanish: malvazo, malvado
*** Spanish: malvado
**** → Portuguese: malvado
** → Piedmontese: malvas (medieval)

### References

* ↑ https://www.edb.uniba.it/epigraph/37493
* ↑ Haerle Philipp. 1955. Captivus, cattivo, chetif: Zur Einwirkung des Christentums auf die Terminologie der Moralbegriffe. Bern: Francke. Page 90.
* ↑ “mauvais”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
* ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “malifatius”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 6/1: Mabile–Mephitis, page 95
# East Marmara
## English
### Proper noun

East Marmara
* A statistical region in Turkey.
# aqualf
## English
### Noun

aqualf (plural aqualfs)
* (soil science) A kind of alfisol found in areas with a water table close to the surface.

#### Derived terms

* albaqualf
* aqualfic