# meas
## English
### Verb

meas
* (knitting) Abbreviation of measures.
** 1998, Kristin Nicholas, Knitting the New Classics, page 106:When piece meas 2½" (6.5 cm) on RS, knit until 3 sts rem, k2tog, k1.

### Anagrams

* AMEs, ASME, Ames, EMAS, MSAE, Mesa, Same, eams, mase, mesa, same, seam

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mʲasˠ/
* (Cois Fharraige) IPA: /mʲæːsˠ/

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish mess, from Proto-Celtic *messus (“judgement”), from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“measure, consider”). Akin to meá (“scale, measure; weights; balance”).

#### Noun

meas m (genitive singular measa, nominative plural measanna)
* verbal noun of meas
* an opinion
* an evaluation, judgment, guess, estimate
* esteem, admiration, respect
    Tá meas agam uirthi. ― I have respect for her.

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
meas
measanna
vocative
a mheas
a mheasanna
genitive
measa
measanna
dative
meas
measanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an meas
na measanna
genitive
an mheasa
na measanna
dative
leis an meas don mheas
leis na measanna :

##### Derived terms

* creidmheas
* dea-mheas
* drochmheas
* féinmheas
* is mise le meas
* léirmheas

##### Related terms

* dímheas

#### Verb

meas (present analytic measann, future analytic measfaidh, verbal noun meas, past participle measta) (transitive, intransitive)
* evaluate, consider, judge
* estimate, guess, anticipate
* esteem, admire

##### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | measaim | measann tú; measair$^†$ | measann sé, sí | measaimid | measann sibh | measann siad; measaid$^†$ | a mheasann; a mheasas / a measann* | meastar |
| indicative | past | mheas mé; mheasas | mheas tú; mheasais | mheas sé, sí | mheasamar; mheas muid | mheas sibh; mheasabhair | mheas siad; mheasadar | a mheas / ar mheas* | measadh |
| indicative | past habitual | mheasainn / measainn‡‡ | mheastá / meastá‡‡ | mheasadh sé, sí / measadh sé, sí‡‡ | mheasaimis; mheasadh muid / measaimis‡‡; measadh muid‡‡ | mheasadh sibh / measadh sibh‡‡ | mheasaidís; mheasadh siad / measaidís‡‡; measadh siad‡‡ | a mheasadh / a measadh* | mheastaí / meastaí‡‡ |
| future | future | measfaidh mé; measfad | measfaidh tú; measfair$^†$ | measfaidh sé, sí | measfaimid; measfaidh muid | measfaidh sibh | measfaidh siad; measfaid$^†$ | a mheasfaidh; a mheasfas / a measfaidh* | measfar |
| conditional | conditional | mheasfainn / measfainn‡‡ | mheasfá / measfá‡‡ | mheasfadh sé, sí / measfadh sé, sí‡‡ | mheasfaimis; mheasfadh muid / measfaimis‡‡; measfadh muid‡‡ | mheasfadh sibh / measfadh sibh‡‡ | mheasfaidís; mheasfadh siad / measfaidís‡‡; measfadh siad‡‡ | a mheasfadh / a measfadh* | mheasfaí / measfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go measa mé; go measad$^†$ | go measa tú; go measair$^†$ | go measa sé, sí | go measaimid; go measa muid | go measa sibh | go measa siad; go measaid$^†$ | — | go meastar |
| subjunctive | past | dá measainn | dá meastá | dá measadh sé, sí | dá measaimis; dá measadh muid | dá measadh sibh | dá measaidís; dá measadh siad | — | dá meastaí |
| imperative | imperative | measaim | meas | measadh sé, sí | measaimis | measaigí; measaidh$^†$ | measaidís | — | meastar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | meas | meas | meas | meas | meas | meas | meas | meas |
| past participle | past participle | measta | measta | measta | measta | measta | measta | measta | measta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish mess (“tree-fruit”), from Proto-Celtic *messus (“acorn”). Cognate with Welsh mes (“acorns”), Breton mez (“acorns”).

#### Noun

meas m (genitive singular measa, nominative plural measa)
* fruit
    Synonym: toradh
* a nut
    Synonym: cnó
* produce
    Synonym: toradh

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
meas
measa
vocative
a mheas
a mheasa
genitive
measa
meas
dative
meas
measa
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an meas
na measa
genitive
an mheasa
na meas
dative
leis an meas don mheas
leis na measa :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “meas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 mes(s)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 mes(s)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “meas”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “meas”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
* Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 75

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈme.aːs/, [ˈmeäːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈme.as/, [ˈmɛːäs]

### Pronoun

meās
* feminine accusative plural of meus

### Verb

meās
* second-person singular present active indicative of meō

## Scottish Gaelic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mĩs/

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish mess (“judgement”), from Proto-Celtic *messus (“judgement”), from Proto-Indo-European *med-.

#### Noun

meas m (genitive singular measa, plural measan)
* respect
    Tha meas againn air Seumas. ― We respect James.

#### Verb

meas (past mheas, future measaidh, verbal noun measadh, past participle measte)
* think, reckon, consider
* respect, esteem
* evaluate, assess

##### Derived terms

* measarrachd

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish mess (“nuts”), from Proto-Celtic *messus (“acorn”).

#### Noun

meas m (genitive singular measa, plural measan)
* fruit
    Dè am meas as fheàrr leat? ― What fruit do you prefer?
    Is grinn am meas an t-Samhraidh. ― Sweet is the fruit of Summer.

##### Derived terms

* craobh-mheas, meas-chraobh (“fruit tree”)
* òr-mheas (“orange”)

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
* ↑ Rev. C. M. Robertson (1902) “Skye Gaelic”, in Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, Volume XXIII: 1898-99‎, Gaelic Society of Inverness, pages 54-88

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “meas”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 mes(s)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmeas/ [ˈme.as]
* Rhymes: -eas
* Syllabification: me‧as

### Verb

meas
* second-person singular present indicative of mear