# कुम्भकार
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /kʊmbʱ.kɑːɾ/, [kʊ̃mbʱ.käːɾ]

### Noun

कुम्भकार • (kumbhkār) m
* alternative form of कुंभकार (kumbhkār)

#### Declension
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* kumbhakāra (Latin script)
* 𑀓𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀪𑀓𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* কুম্ভকার (Bengali script)
* කුම‍්භකාර (Sinhalese script)
* ကုမ္ဘကာရ or ၵုမ္ꧤၵႃရ or ၵုမ်ꧤၵႃရ (Burmese script)
* กุมฺภการ or กุมภะการะ (Thai script)
* ᨠᩩᨾ᩠ᨽᨠᩣᩁ (Tai Tham script)
* ກຸມ຺ຠກາຣ or ກຸມຠະກາຣະ (Lao script)
* កុម្ភការ (Khmer script)
* 𑄇𑄪𑄟𑄴𑄞𑄇𑄂𑄢 (Chakma script)

### Noun

कुम्भकार m
* Devanagari script form of kumbhakāra

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* কুম্ভকাৰ (Assamese script)
* ᬓᬸᬫ᭄ᬪᬓᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
* কুম্ভকার (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰲𑰦𑰿𑰥𑰎𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀪𑀓𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* ကုမ္ဘကာရ (Burmese script)
* કુમ્ભકાર (Gujarati script)
* ਕੁਮ੍ਭਕਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑍁𑌮𑍍𑌭𑌕𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
* ꦏꦸꦩ꧀ꦨꦏꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂳𑂧𑂹𑂦𑂍𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
* ಕುಮ್ಭಕಾರ (Kannada script)
* កុម្ភការ (Khmer script)
* ກຸມ຺ຠກາຣ (Lao script)
* കുമ്ഭകാര (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᡠᠮᢨᠠᡬᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘳𑘦𑘿𑘥𑘎𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
* ᢉᠤᠮᠪᠾᠠᢉᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧔𑧆𑧠𑧅𑦮𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑐸𑐩𑑂𑐨𑐎𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
* କୁମ୍ଭକାର (Odia script)
* ꢒꢸꢪ꣄ꢩꢒꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑆶𑆩𑇀𑆨𑆑𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖲𑖦𑖿𑖥𑖎𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
* කුම‍්භකාර (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜𑩒𑩴 𑪙𑩳𑩜𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚰𑚢𑚶𑚡𑚊𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
* கும்ப⁴கார (Tamil script)
* కుమ్భకార (Telugu script)
* กุมฺภการ (Thai script)
* ཀུ་མྦྷ་ཀཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑒳𑒧𑓂𑒦𑒏𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑨃𑨢𑩇𑨡𑨋𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Tatpuruṣa compound of कुम्भ (kumbhá, “pot”) +‎ कार (kāra, “maker, doer”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /kum.bʱɐˈkɑː.ɾɐ/

### Noun

कुम्भकार • (kumbhakāra) stem, m (Classical Sanskrit)
* potter
** c. 600 BCE – 200 BCE, Caraka, Caraka Saṃhitā 1.9.13:मृद्दण्डचक्रसूत्राद्याः कुम्भकाराद्ऋते यथा । नावहन्ति गुणं वैद्यादृते पादत्रयं तथा ॥mṛddaṇḍacakrasūtrādyāḥ kumbhakārādṛte yathā. nāvahanti guṇaṃ vaidyādṛte pādatrayaṃ tathā.As the clay, baton, thread and wheel are of no use without a potter, so are the three pādas [medicine, attendant, and patient] without a physician.
** c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 2.83.12–15:मणिकाराश्च ये केचित्कुम्भकाराश्च शोभनाः । सूत्रकर्मकृतश्चैव ये च शस्त्रोपजीविनः ॥ मायूरकाः क्राकचिका रोचकाः वेधकास्तथा । दन्तकाराः सुधाकारास्तथा गन्धोपजीविनः ॥ सुवर्णकाराः प्रख्यातास्तथा कम्बलधावकाः । स्नापकोष्णोदका वैद्या धूपकाः शौण्डिकास्तथा ॥ रजकास्तुन्नवायाश्च ग्रामघोषमहत्तराः । शैलूषाश्च सह स्त्रीभिर्ययुः कैवर्तकास्तथा ॥maṇikārāśca ye kecitkumbhakārāśca śobhanāḥ. sūtrakarmakṛtaścaiva ye ca śastropajīvinaḥ. māyūrakāḥ krākacikā rocakāḥ vedhakāstathā. dantakārāḥ sudhākārāstathā gandhopajīvinaḥ. suvarṇakārāḥ prakhyātāstathā kambaladhāvakāḥ. snāpakoṣṇodakā vaidyā dhūpakāḥ śauṇḍikāstathā. rajakāstunnavāyāśca grāmaghoṣamahattarāḥ. śailūṣāśca saha strībhiryayuḥ kaivartakāstathā.All those who were jewellers, potters, carpenters, armourers, makers of articles with peacock-feathers, perforators of shells and ornaments, ivorysmiths, plasterers, perfumers, goldsmiths, woollen-washers, hot-water bathers, physicians, incense-makers, liquor-vendors, washermen, tailors, village headmen, actors, fishermen, along with women, all went [following Bharata].

#### Descendants

* Pali: kumbhakāra
* Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀪𑀆𑀭 (kuṃbhaāra) (see there for further descendants)
* Assamese: কুম্ভকাৰ (kumbhokar)
* Bengali: কুম্ভকার (kumbhokar)
* Gujarati: કુંભકાર (kumbhkār)
* Hindi: कुंभकार (kumbhkār)
* Old Javanese: kumbhakara
** Javanese: ꦏꦸꦩ꧀ꦧꦏꦫ (kumbakara)
*** → Indonesian: kumbakara
* Malayalam: കുംഭകാരന് (kumbhakāraṉ)
* Marathi: कुंभकार (kumbhkār)
* Odia: କୁମ୍ଭକାର (kumbhakāra)
* Sinhalese: කුම්භකාරයා (kumbhakārayā)
* Tamil: கும்பகாரன் (kumpakāraṉ)

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “कुम्भकार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 293.
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2025) “kumbhakāra”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
* Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “कुम्भ-कारः”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 585
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “कुम्भकार”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 70
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kumbhakāra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 171