# Iris
## Translingual
### Etymology

Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris, “the messenger of the gods; a rainbow; the iris (of the eye); the flower”)

### Proper noun

Iris f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Iridaceae – irises.
* A taxonomic genus within the family Tarachodidae – certain of the mantises.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus of flowers): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Plantae – kingdom; Viridiplantae – subkingdom; Streptophyta – infrakingdom; Embryophyta – superphylum; Tracheophyta – phylum; Spermatophytina – subphylum; angiosperms, monocots – clades; Asparagales – order; Iridaceae – family; Iridoideae - subfamily; Irideae - tribe

#### Hyponyms

* (genus of flowers): Iris subg. Hermodactyloides, Iris subg. Iris, Iris subg. Limniris, Iris subg. Nepalensis, Iris subg. Scorpiris, Iris subg. Xiphium - subgenera
** Iris germanica - type species

#### Translations
### References
#### plant

* Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Iris (Iridaceae) on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Iris (Iridaceae) on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Iris at Tropicos
* Iris at USDA Plants database

#### insect

* Iris (insect) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Iris (Tarachodidae) on Wikispecies.Wikispecies

## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris, “rainbow”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Proper noun

Iris
* (Greek mythology) A messenger of the gods, and goddess of rainbows.
** c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:What's the matter, That this distemper'd messenger of wet, The many-colour'd Iris, rounds thine eye?
* A female given name from Ancient Greek; a flower name used since the end of the 19th century.
** 1990, Joyce Carol Oates, Because It Is Bitter, And Because It Is My Heart, →ISBN, page 39:Persia tells Iris she is named for something special: the iris of the eye. "I thought I was named for a flower," Iris says, disappointed. "An iris is a flower, of course," Persia says, smiling, "but it's this other, too. Our secret. 'The iris of the eye'." "The eye?" Persia snaps her fingers in Iris's eyes. The gesture is so rude and unexpected, Iris will remember it all her life. After this disclosure, Iris doesn't know whether she likes her name any more.
* (astronomy) 7 Iris, a main belt asteroid.

#### Derived terms

* Glen Iris
* Iridian
* Iris hut

#### Translations
### References

* Iris on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* Siri

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From English Iris, from Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris, “rainbow”).

### Proper noun

Iris
* a female given name from English [in turn from Ancient Greek]
* (Greek mythology) Iris; a messenger of the gods, and goddess of rainbows

## Danish
### Proper noun

Iris
* (Greek mythology) Iris
* a female given name

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Iris or Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈiː.rɪs/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Iris
* Homophone: iris

### Proper noun

Iris f
* (Greek mythology) Iris (divine messenger, goddess of rainbows)
* a female given name

## Estonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈiris/

### Proper noun

Iris
* (Greek mythology) Iris
* a female given name

#### Related terms

* Iiris

## Faroese
### Proper noun

Iris f
* a female given name

#### Usage notes

Matronymics
* son of Iris: Irisarson
* daughter of Iris: Irisardóttir

#### Declension
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i.ʁis/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Iris f
* (Greek mythology) Iris
* a female given name

## German
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈiːʁɪs/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Iris

### Noun

Iris f (genitive Iris, plural Iris or Iriden or Irides)
* (anatomy) iris
    Synonym: Regenbogenhaut

#### Declension

$^1$Uncommon.

### Proper noun

Iris f (proper noun, genitive Iris)
* (Greek mythology) Iris
* a female given name

### References

* “Iris” in Duden online
* “Iris” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Latin
### Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈiː.ris/, [ˈiːrɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈi.ris/, [ˈiːris]

#### Proper noun

Īris f sg (genitive Īris or Īridis); third declension
* (Greek mythology) Iris (messenger of the gods)

##### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem or imparisyllabic non-i-stem; two different stems), singular only.

#### References

* “Īris”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* Īris in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

### Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek Ἴρις (Íris).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈi.ris/, [ˈɪrɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈi.ris/, [ˈiːris]

#### Proper noun

Iris m sg (genitive Iris); third declension
* One of the most considerable rivers of Pontus, now the Yeşilırmak

##### Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem), singular only.

#### References

* Iris in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “Iris”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

## Norwegian
### Proper noun

Iris
* (Greek mythology) Iris
* a female given name

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈiɾis/ [ˈi.ɾis]
* Rhymes: -iɾis
* Syllabification: I‧ris

### Proper noun

Iris f
* a female given name

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Iris c (genitive Iris)
* (Greek mythology) Iris
* a female given name

### Anagrams

* Siri

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris, “rainbow”).

### Proper noun

Iris
* (Greek mythology) Iris