# 常常
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chángcháng
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng$^4$ soeng$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sòng-sòng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siông-siông / siâng-siâng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siên$^5$ siên$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zan-zan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chángcháng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chángcháng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻang$^2$-chʻang$^2$
*** Yale: cháng-cháng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charngcharng
*** Palladius: чанчан (čančan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^4$ soeng$^4$
*** Yale: sèuhng sèuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^4$ soeng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^4$ sêng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ²¹ sœːŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sòng-sòng
*** Hakka Romanization System: song$^ˇ$ song$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: song$^2$ song$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /soŋ¹¹ soŋ¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siông-siông
*** Tâi-lô: siông-siông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siongsioong
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ²³⁻³³ siɔŋ²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siâng-siâng
*** Tâi-lô: siâng-siâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siangsiaang
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ¹³⁻²² siaŋ¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siên$^5$ siên$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siêⁿ siêⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /sĩẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sĩẽ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zan-zan
*** MiniDict: zan$^去$ zan
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zan-zan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zã²² zã⁴⁴/

### Adverb

常常
* frequently; often
       Zhè fángzi chángcháng nàoguǐ. [Pinyin]
       This house is haunted.
    From: 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 《蒙自雜記》
    Wǒ zài Méngzì zhù guò wǔ ge yuè, wǒ de jiā yě zài nàlǐ zhù guò liǎng ge yuè. Wǒ xiànzài chángcháng xiǎngqǐ zhè ge dìfang, tèbié shì zài rénshì fánmáng de shíhou. Méngzì xiǎo de hǎo, rén shǎo de hǎo. [Pinyin]
    I lived in Mengzi for five months, and my family two months. I often think of the place now, especially when my social life is busy. Mengzi is good because it's small and sparsely populated.

#### Synonyms

* 動輒 / 动辄 (dòngzhé) (literary)
* 常時 / 常时 (chángshí)
* 往往 (wǎngwǎng)
* 慣 / 惯 (guàn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 時常 / 时常 (shícháng)
* 時時 / 时时 (shíshí)
* 每每 (měiměi)
* 終古 / 终古 (zhōnggǔ) (literary)
* 經常 / 经常 (jīngcháng)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 經常, 時常, 常常, 時時, 往往, 每每 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 常 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 常常 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 時不見兒, 時不當, 時不當兒, 時不常, 時不常兒, 時不時 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 常常 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 常常, 常, 時常 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 常常, 常, 時常 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 時常, 常常, 隨時, 時不時 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 帶常, 時常 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 常 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 常 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 時時, 時常, 長時, 周時, 遇時, 時不時 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 成日, 經常, 時時, 好多時, 好多時候, 周時, 周不時 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 經常 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 周時 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 千常, 時常 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 輒常, 長時, 時常, 時不時 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 輒輒, 輒常, 長透, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 長間, 經常 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 輒輒, 輒常, 長透, 登常, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 長間, 經常 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 輒輒, 輒常, 長透, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 長間, 經常 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 輒輒, 長在, 輒常, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 經常 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 輒輒, 常勻, 輒常, 長透, 常常, 時常, 不時, 時時, 長間, 經常 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 輒輒, 不時, 輒, 恬恬, 長透, 時時 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 長日 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 三不時, 時不時 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 常常, 時常, 時不時 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 稠稠, 稠, 盡稠 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 定定, 長長, 四常, 時常, 常常, 不時, 不期時 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 定定, 長長, 四常, 時常, 常常, 不時 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 定定, 時常, 常常, 不時, 不期時 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 定定, 時常, 常常, 不時, 捷捷, 沓沓, 常在, 往往 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 定定, 常常, 四常, 不時 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 長時, 惦惦 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 經常, 時常, 時時, 惦惦 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 惦惦 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 長世, 長常 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 常樁, 常常, 經常 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 千常 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 時常, 常時, 常樁 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 老老, 老長 rare, 長常 rare, 長時 rare |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 清清, 常期 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 練常, 打常, 扯常, 扯常子, 時不時 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 練常, 常常 |

#### Antonyms

* 偶而 (ǒu'ér)
* 偶爾／偶尔 (ǒu'ěr)

### Further reading

* “Entry #7232”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.