# humillar
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* humilhar (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese omillar (Cantigas de Santa Maria, 13th century); from Late Latin humiliāre, from humus (“ground, soil”). Compare Portuguese humilhar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /umiˈʎaɾ/

### Verb

humillar (first-person singular present humillo, first-person singular preterite humillei, past participle humillado)
* (transitive) to humiliate
    Synonym: vexar
* (pronominal) to humble, to abase
    Synonym: abaixar
* (pronominal) to bow, to lower, to salute
    Synonym: abaixar
** 1295, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 642:Et, quando forõ ante dona Xemena, o mouro omillouse a ela et a suas fillas, et quiso beyiar as mãos a dona Xemena; mays ela nõ llas quiso dar.And when they were before lady Xemena, the Moor man bowed before her and her daughters, and he wanted to kiss lady Xemena,s hands, but she didn't allow him to.

#### Derived terms

* humillante
* milladoiro

#### Related terms

* humillación

#### Further reading

* “humillar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “omillar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “omill”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “humillar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “humillar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

## Spanish
### Etymology

Altered from Old Spanish homillar, a borrowing from Late Latin humiliāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /umiˈʝaɾ/ [u.miˈʝaɾ]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /umiˈʝaɾ/ [u.miˈʝaɾ]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /umiˈʎaɾ/ [u.miˈʎaɾ]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /umiˈʃaɾ/ [u.miˈʃaɾ]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /umiˈʒaɾ/ [u.miˈʒaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: hu‧mi‧llar

### Verb

humillar (first-person singular present humillo, first-person singular preterite humillé, past participle humillado)
* (transitive) to humiliate
    Synonym: (Mexico) sobajar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* humilladero
* humillador
* humillante

#### Related terms

* humilde
* humillación

#### Further reading

* “humillar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “humilde”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume III (G–Ma), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 426