# enfermar
## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese enfermar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin īnfirmāre (“weaken, shake”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [eɱfeɾˈmaɾ]

### Verb

enfermar (first-person singular present enfermo, first-person singular preterite enfermei, past participle enfermado)
* (intransitive) to become ill; to get sick
    Antonym: sandar
* (transitive) to make ill; to sicken
    Antonym: sandar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Related terms

* enfermaría
* enfermeiro
* enfermidade
* enfermo

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “enfermar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “nferm”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “enfermar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “enfermar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “enfermar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “enfermar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin īnfirmāre (“weaken, shake”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /enfeɾˈmaɾ/ [ẽɱ.feɾˈmaɾ]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: en‧fer‧mar

### Verb

enfermar (first-person singular present enfermo, first-person singular preterite enfermé, past participle enfermado)
* (transitive) to make ill
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 35:El Colocolo es un ratoncillo que tiene el fatal poder de hacer que enferme de muerte la persona cuya saliva bebe o cuyas sobras come.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (reflexive) to become ill
** 2023 October 6, “Moderadores de Facebook en Barcelona enferman por el contenido atroz a revisar: "En mi cabeza ahora sólo hay muerte"”, in La Vanguardia‎:Moderadores de Facebook en Barcelona enferman por el contenido atroz a revisar: "En mi cabeza ahora sólo hay muerte" [title]Facebook moderators in Barcelona get sick from the atrocious content to check: "In my head now there is only death" [title]

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* enfermarse
* enfermedad
* enfermero
* enfermo

### Further reading

* “enfermar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10