# चित्र
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit चित्र (citrá).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /t͡ʃɪt̪.ɾᵊ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

चित्र • (citra) m (Urdu spelling چتر)
* picture
    चित्र दीवार पे लटक रहा है।citra dīvār pe laṭak rahā hai.The picture is hanging on the wall.
* photograph
    Synonyms: तस्वीर (tasvīr), फ़ोटो (foṭo)
    इस चित्र को परिवर्द्धित करना पड़ेगा।is citra ko parivarddhit karnā paṛegā.This photograph has to be enlarged.
* painting
    यह चित्र मेरी आँखों गड़ गया।yah citra merī ā̃khõ gaṛ gayā.This painting attracted my eyes.
* figure, graphic

#### Derived terms

* चित्रकार (citrakār)

### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “चित्र”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “चित्र”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Platts, John T. (1884) “चित्र”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Konkani
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit चित्र (citra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃitɾᵊ]

### Noun

चित्र • (citra) n (Latin script chitr, Kannada script ಚಿತ್ರ)
* picture, drawing

### References

* Angelus Francis Xavier Maffei (1883) An English-Konkani Dictionary: And A Konkani-English Dictionary‎, Mangalore: Basel Mission Press

## Marathi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit चित्र (citra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ɕit̪.ɾə/
* Hyphenation: चित्‧र, चि‧त्र
* Rhymes: -ə

### Noun

चित्र • (citra) n
* picture
* drawing
* painting
* photograph

#### Derived terms

* चित्रकला (citrakalā, “painting, drawing”) (as a subject)
* चित्रकार (citrakār, “painter”)
* चित्रपट (citrapaṭ, “cinema”)
* छायाचित्र (chāyācitra, “photo”)

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “चित्र”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “चित्र”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

## Nepali
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit चित्र (citrá).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡sit̪rʌ]
* Phonetic Devanagari: चित्र

### Noun

चित्र • (citra)
* picture, drawing
* figure, design

## Nihali
### Noun

चित्र (citra)
* deer

## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* চিত্ৰ (Assamese script)
* ᬘᬶᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
* চিত্র (Bengali script)
* 𑰓𑰰𑰝𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀘𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* စိတြ (Burmese script)
* ચિત્ર (Gujarati script)
* ਚਿਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌚𑌿𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
* ꦕꦶꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
* 𑂒𑂱𑂞𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
* ಚಿತ್ರ (Kannada script)
* ចិត្រ (Khmer script)
* ຈິຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
* ചിത്ര (Malayalam script)
* ᢜᡳᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘓𑘱𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
* ᢋᠢᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦳𑧒𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐔𑐶𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
* ଚିତ୍ର (Odia script)
* ꢗꢶꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆖𑆴𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
* 𑖓𑖰𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
* චිත්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩡𑩑𑩫 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚏𑚮𑚙𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
* சித்ர (Tamil script)
* చిత్ర (Telugu script)
* จิตฺร (Thai script)
* ཙི་ཏྲ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒔𑒱𑒞𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨣𑨁𑨙𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čitrás (“bright, clear, conspicuous”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬗𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 (ciθra, “shining”), Middle Persian 𐭰𐭧𐭫𐭪𐭩 (čihrag, “face”) (whence Persian چهره (čehre) and Turkish çehre (“face”)); outside of Indo-Iranian, compare German heiter (“cheerful, (of weather) fair”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /t͡ɕit.ɾɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈt͡ɕit̪.ɾɐ/

### Adjective

चित्र • (citrá) stem (root चित्)
* bright, conspicuous, visible, clear, loud, distinguished, excellent, brilliant
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.115.1:चि॒त्रं दे॒वाना॒मुद॑गा॒दनी॑कं॒ चक्षु॑र्मि॒त्रस्य॒ वरु॑णस्या॒ग्नेः। आप्रा॒ द्यावा॑पृथि॒वी अ॒न्तरि॑क्षं॒ सूर्य॑ आ॒त्मा जग॑तस्त॒स्थुष॑श्च॥citráṃ devā́nāmúdagādánīkaṃ cákṣurmitrásya váruṇasyāgnéḥ. ā́prā dyā́vāpṛthivī́ antárikṣaṃ sū́rya ātmā́ jágatastasthúṣaśca.The brilliant face of the gods has arisen, the eye of Mitra, Varuṇa, and Agni; he has filled heaven, earth, and the space between: the Sun is the life-breath of both the moving and the still.
* variegated, spotted, speckled, manifold, various
* extraordinary, strange, wonderful, surprising

#### Declension
### Noun

चित्र • (citrá) stem, n
* shiny object, jewel, ornament, picture

#### Related terms

* केतु (ketú)

#### Descendants

* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀘𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 (citta)
* Paisaci Prakrit:
** Punjabi: cittarā, cittā (“leopard, panther”)
    Gurmukhi script: ਚਿੱਤਰਾ, ਚਿੱਤਾ
    Shahmukhi script: چترا, چتا
** Punjabi: ਚਿੱਤਰ (cittar)
* Pali: citta
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀘𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢 (citta)
* → Assamese: চিত্ৰ (sitro)
* → Bengali: চিত্র (citro)
* → Hindi: चित्र (citra)
* → Malay: citra
** > Indonesian: citra (inherited)
* → Marathi: चित्र (citra)
* → Nepali: चित्र (citra)
* → Old Javanese: citra
** > Javanese: ꦕꦶꦠꦿ (citra) (inherited)

### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “citrá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 542-3
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “CET¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 548-9

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “चित्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0396, column 1.