OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# paarit
## Finnish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Swedish bār (compare modern Swedish bår (“stretcher”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɑːrit/, [ˈpɑ̝ːrit̪]
* Rhymes: -ɑːrit
* Hyphenation: paa‧rit

### Noun

paarit
* (plural only) stretcher (simple litter designed to carry a sick, injured, or dead person)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of paarit (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
paarini
accusative
nom.
paarini
gen.
genitive
paarieni
partitive
paarejani
inessive
paareissani
elative
paareistani
illative
paareihini
adessive
paareillani
ablative
paareiltani
allative
paareilleni
essive
paareinani
translative
paareikseni
abessive
paareittani
instructive
comitative
—paareineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
paarisi
accusative
nom.
paarisi
gen.
genitive
paariesi
partitive
paarejasi
inessive
paareissasi
elative
paareistasi
illative
paareihisi
adessive
paareillasi
ablative
paareiltasi
allative
paareillesi
essive
paareinasi
translative
paareiksesi
abessive
paareittasi
instructive
comitative
—paareinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
paarimme
accusative
nom.
paarimme
gen.
genitive
paariemme
partitive
paarejamme
inessive
paareissamme
elative
paareistamme
illative
paareihimme
adessive
paareillamme
ablative
paareiltamme
allative
paareillemme
essive
paareinamme
translative
paareiksemme
abessive
paareittamme
instructive
comitative
—paareinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
paarinne
accusative
nom.
paarinne
gen.
genitive
paarienne
partitive
paarejanne
inessive
paareissanne
elative
paareistanne
illative
paareihinne
adessive
paareillanne
ablative
paareiltanne
allative
paareillenne
essive
paareinanne
translative
paareiksenne
abessive
paareittanne
instructive
comitative
—paareinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
paarinsa
accusative
nom.
paarinsa
gen.
genitive
paariensa
partitive
paarejaan paarejansa
inessive
paareissaan paareissansa
elative
paareistaan paareistansa
illative
paareihinsa
adessive
paareillaan paareillansa
ablative
paareiltaan paareiltansa
allative
paareilleen paareillensa
essive
paareinaan paareinansa
translative
paareikseen paareiksensa
abessive
paareittaan paareittansa
instructive
comitative
—paareineen paareinensa :

#### Derived terms

* kantopaarit
* paaripotilas
* paaritaksi
* ruumispaarit

### References

* ↑ Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “paarit”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* partia, rapiat, ripata
# purkautua
## Finnish
### Etymology

purkaa +‎ -utua

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpurkɑu̯tuɑˣ/, [ˈpurkɑ̝u̯ˌt̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uɑ
* Hyphenation: pur‧kau‧tua

### Verb

purkautua
* (intransitive) To be dismantled, come apart.
* (intransitive, of a knitwear) To unravel, come undone.
* (intransitive, of a knot etc.) To come untied/unwound.
* (intransitive, of a deal) To be cancelled/annulled/revoked, fall through.
* (intransitive, of a marriage) To break up.
* (intransitive, of an engagement) To get broken off.
* (intransitive, law, of a decision) To be rescinded/reversed.
* (intransitive, of a battery) To lose its charge, run down.
* (intransitive, of emotions) To be released/vented, burst out, erupt.
* (intransitive, of a volcano) To erupt.

#### Derived terms

* purkaus
* purkautuma
* purkautuminen

### Further reading

* “purkautua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# perfectus
## English
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin perfectus. Doublet of parfait, perfect, and perfecto.

### Noun

perfectus (plural perfecti)
* (historical, Christianity) Synonym of perfect (“leader of the Cathar movement”)

### References

* ↑ “Perfectus, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *perifaktos, perfect passive participle of perficiō (“carry out, finish; perfect; cause”).

### Participle

perfectus (feminine perfecta, neuter perfectum, comparative perfectior, superlative perfectissimus); first/second-declension participle
* achieved, executed, carried out, finished, completed, having been finished or completed; complete
    Synonyms: absolutus, complētus, factus, dēfūnctus, effectus
    Antonyms: incohatus, infectus, imperfectus
* perfected, having been perfected; perfect, excellent, exquisite
* brought about, caused, having been brought about or caused
* (grammar) perfect

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

#### Descendants

* Catalan: perfecte
* English: perfect
* French: parfait
* German: perfekt
* Italian: perfetto
* Norwegian: perfekt
* Occitan: perfièch
* Piedmontese: përfet
* Portuguese: perfeito
* Romanian: perfect
* Spanish: perfecto
* Welsh: perffaith

### References

* “perfectus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “perfectus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* perfectus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. absolutely perfect: absolutus et perfectus an ideal: undique expleta et perfecta forma to sketch the ideal of an orator: imaginem perfecti oratoris adumbrare Plato's ideal republic: civitas optima, perfecta Platonis a man of profound erudition: vir perfecte planeque eruditus a work of art: artis opus; opus arte factum or perfectum to live a perfect life: virtutis perfectae perfecto munere fungi (Tusc. 1. 45. 109)

## Old French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin perfectus.

### Adjective

perfectus m
* perfect (faultless, etc.)
** circa 980, La Vie de Saint Léger
    Perfectus fud in caritetHe was perfect in terms of charity

#### Usage notes

* The Vie de Saint Léger citation above is the only known recorded usage.
# actriz
## Asturian
### Noun

actriz f (plural actrices)
* actress, actor (female)

#### Related terms

* actor

## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /akˈtɾiθ/

### Noun

actriz f (plural actrices)
* actress, actor (female)

#### Related terms

* actor

## Portuguese
### Noun

actriz f (plural actrizes)
* Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1990 in Portugal) of atriz. Still used in countries where the agreement hasn't come into effect; may occur as a sporadic misspelling.

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin āctrīcem (“female plaintiff”), feminine of āctor (“doer, performer, actor”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /aɡˈtɾiθ/ [aɣ̞ˈt̪ɾiθ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /aɡˈtɾis/ [aɣ̞ˈt̪ɾis]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -iθ
* Rhymes: -is
* Syllabification: ac‧triz

### Noun

actriz f (plural actrices, masculine actor, masculine plural actores)
* actress, actor (female)

#### Derived terms

* actriz de doblaje
* actriz de voz
* actriz porno

#### Related terms

* actor
* actuar

### Further reading

* “actor”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# viipaloida
## Finnish
### Etymology

viipale +‎ -oida

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋiːpɑloi̯dɑˣ/, [ˈʋiːpɑ̝ˌlo̞i̯dɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -oidɑ
* Hyphenation: vii‧pa‧loi‧da

### Verb

viipaloida
* (transitive) to slice, cut into slices
    Viipaloi juusto.Slice the cheese(, please).

#### Derived terms

* viipaloiminen
* viipalointi

### Further reading

* “viipaloida”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
# check-in
## English
### Etymology

Deverbal from check in.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

check-in (countable and uncountable, plural check-ins)
* The act of checking in at a hotel, airport, etc.
** 2004, Jesse Dallas, Casino Shrine:The hotel never charges for a late check-out or for an early check-in . . .
** 1999, Pamela Brown, Tackling Racism: One Day Training Workshop:The implication was that Ms Purkiss had been stereotyped by the check-in staff as ‘foreign'.
* (computing) The submission of source code or other material to a source control repository.
* The act of contacting another person in order to keep them informed of one's situation.

#### Synonyms

* (submission of source code): commit

#### Derived terms

* check-in time

#### Translations
### Further reading

* check-in on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* Chicken, chicken, in check

## Italian
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English check-in.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃɛˈkin/, /t͡ʃɛkˈkin/, /t͡ʃeˈkin/, /t͡ʃekˈkin/
* Rhymes: -in

### Noun

check-in m (invariable)
* check-in

## Spanish
### Noun

check-in m (plural check-ins)
* check-in

## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English check-in.

### Noun

check-in (definite accusative [please provide], uncountable)
* check-in (the act of checking in at a hotel, airport, etc.)

### Further reading

* Havacılık Terimleri Sözlüğü‎, 1st edition, Ankara: Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi Genel Müdürlüğü Yayınları, 2011, →ISBN
# chewer
## English
### Etymology

From chew +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

chewer (plural chewers)
* One who chews.
** 1848, Western Lancet:Has been a tobacco chewer thirty-eight years, and a portion of the time to great excess.
** 1994, Cynthia P. Smith, The Dog:Gum-chewer syndrome: self-inflicted sublingual and self-inflicted buccal trauma.

#### Derived terms

* garlic chewer
* nonchewer
* scenery-chewer

### Anagrams

* chewre, rechew
# cólico
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin cōlicus, from Ancient Greek κωλικός (kōlikós), from κῶλον (kôlon, “colon”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɔ.li.ku/
* Hyphenation: có‧li‧co

### Adjective

cólico (feminine cólica, masculine plural cólicos, feminine plural cólicas)
* (anatomy) colic (relating to the colon)

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin colicus from Ancient Greek κωλικός (kōlikós), from κῶλον (kôlon, “colon”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkoliko/ [ˈko.li.ko]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -oliko
* Syllabification: có‧li‧co

### Adjective

cólico (feminine cólica, masculine plural cólicos, feminine plural cólicas)
* (anatomy) colic (relating to the colon)

#### Derived terms

* ileocólico

### Noun

cólico m (plural cólicos)
* (pathology) colic (severe pains in the abdomen)

### Further reading

* “cólico”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# lähes
## Finnish
### Etymology

lähi- +‎ -s (s-lative singular)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlæhes/, [ˈlæɦe̞s̠]
* Rhymes: -æhes
* Hyphenation: lä‧hes

### Adverb

lähes (comparative lähemmäksi or lähemmäs, superlative lähimmäksi or lähimmäs)
* almost, nearly, close to
    Synonyms: melkein, liki
    lähes tuhat ― almost a thousand
    lähes mahdoton ― nearly impossible

#### Declension

Declension of lähi-
noun case
singular
pluraladverbial form
singular
plural
nominative
lähi-
–superessive
genitive
–delative
partitive
–sublative
accusative
–lative
lähes
inessive
–temporal
elative
–causative
illative
–multiplicative
adessive
lähellä
–distributive
ablative
läheltä
–temp. dist.
allative
lähelle
–prolative
lähitse
essive
läsnä
–situative
lähekkäin
translative
–oppositive
lähetysten
abessive
instructive
comitative

#### Derived terms

* läheskään
* lähestulkoon

#### Related terms

* See the declension table.
* lähi-
* läheinen
* lähempi
* lähin
* lähistö
* lähennellä
* lähentää
* lähetä
* lähentyä
* lähestyä
* lähettää

### Further reading

* “lähes”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# tourist trap
## English
### Alternative forms

* tourist-trap

### Noun

tourist trap (plural tourist traps)
* (derogatory) An establishment, such as a shop or display, where tourists are encouraged to spend money on goods or services not necessarily of good value.
** 1900, Grant Allen, chapter 1, in Linnet‎:As for Will Deverill, less critical of Nature’s handicraft, he found the inns over-civilised; the Post and the Bräu were too fine for his taste: they had come thus far in search of solitude and Alpine wilds, and they lighted instead on a sort of miniature Grindelwald, with half-a-dozen inns, a respectable café, experienced (or in other words extortionate) guides, and a regular tourist-trap for the sale of chamois-horns and carved models of châlets.
** 1911, Charles Neville Buck, chapter XX, in The Lighted Match‎:For fifteen minutes they walked morosely and in silence through the steep streets where the shops are tourist-traps, alluringly baited with corals and trinkets.

#### Derived terms

* tourist-trappy

#### See also

* sucker trap

### Further reading

* tourist trap on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# assassination
## English
### Etymology

From assassinate +‎ -ion.

### Pronunciation

* (General American, Received Pronunciation) IPA: /əˌsæs.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪʃən

### Noun

assassination (plural assassinations)
* The murder of a person, especially for political reasons or for personal gain.
    The assassination of the king occurred at night.
** 1963, “Introduction”, in Wing-tsit Chan, transl., Instructions for Practical Living and Other Neo-Confucian Writings by Wang Yang-ming‎, Columbia University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page xxiv:Liu's agents pursued him and he escaped assassination only by throwing his clothing away by the Chʻien-tʻang River near Hangchow, thus suggesting suicide.

#### Derived terms

* character assassination
* counterassassination
* royal assassination

#### Related terms

* assassin

#### See also

* targeted killing
# lotota
## Finnish
### Etymology

loto- +‎ -ta < lotto

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlototɑˣ/, [ˈlo̞t̪o̞t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ototɑ
* Hyphenation: lo‧to‧ta

### Verb

lotota
* (intransitive) to play lotto or lottery
* (intransitive, colloquial, figurative) to bet, hazard a guess

#### Derived terms

* lottoaja
* lottoaminen

#### Related terms

* lotto

### Further reading

* “lotota”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# cyclopropane
## English
### Etymology

From cyclo- +‎ propane.

### Noun

cyclopropane (countable and uncountable, plural cyclopropanes)
* (organic chemistry, pharmacology) The simplest alicyclic hydrocarbon, C$_3$H$_6$, an inflammable gas, sometimes used as an anaesthetic.

#### Derived terms

* cyclopropanation
* cyclopropanetrione
* cyclopropannulated
* cyclopropannulation
* cyclopropyl
* dibromocyclopropane
* methylenecyclopropane
* milnacipran
* spirocyclopropane
* tetramethylcyclopropane
* titanacyclopropane
* tranylcypromine
# bahang
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay bahang.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbahaŋ]
* Hyphenation: ba‧hang

### Noun

bahang (uncountable)
* (dated) heat:
    Synonym: hawa panas
* (physics, rare) heat:
    Synonym: kalor

#### Derived terms

* bahang jenis
* bahang Joule
* bahang laten
* bahang lebur
* bahang reaksi

### Further reading

* “bahang” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# brúsiti
## Old Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *brusiti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈbruːsici/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈbrau̯sici/

### Verb

brúsiti impf
* to sharpen, to hone, to whet, to grind
** 1432–1452, Nejstarší městská kniha táborská z let 1432–1452:A zlámal-li by sě hřiedel nebo kolo u toho brusu, na kterémž Dub nožieř má brúsiti, oprav to Vaněk pekař tak, aby sě Dub nožieř nemeškal.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | supine | verbal noun |
| brúsiti | brúsit | brúšenie |
| | Present | Present | Present | Imperative | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | brúšu | brúsívě (-va) | brúsím (-me/-my) | – | brusvě, brúsivě (-va) | brusme, brúsim (-me/-my) |
| 2nd person | brúsíš | brúsíta | brúsíte | brus, brúsi | brusta, brúsita | bruste, brúsite |
| 3rd person | brúsí | brúsíta | brúsie | brus, brúsi | brusta, brúsita | bruste, brúsite |
| | Sigmatic aorist | Sigmatic aorist | Sigmatic aorist | Imperfect | Imperfect | Imperfect |
| | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | brúsich | brúsichově (-va) | brúsichom (-me/-my) | brúsiech | brúsiechově (-va) | brúsiechom (-me/-my) |
| 2nd person | brúsi | brúsista (-šta) | brúsiste (-šte) | brúsieše | brúsiešta (-sta) | brúsiešte (-ste) |
| 3rd person | brúsi | brúsista (-šta) | brúsichu | brúsieše | brúsiešta (-sta) | brúsiechu |
| | L-participle | L-participle | L-participle | Passive participle | Passive participle | Passive participle |
| | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Masculine | brúsil | brúsila | brúsili | brúšen | brúšena | brúšeni |
| Feminine | brúsila | brúsile | brúsily | brúšena | brúšeně | brúšeny |
| Neuter | brúsilo | brúsile | brúsila | brúšeno | brúšeně | brúšena |
| | Nt-participle | Nt-participle | Nt-participle | S-participle | S-participle | S-participle |
| | Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Masculine | brúsě | brúsiece | brúsiece | brúsiv | brúsivše | brúsivše |
| Feminine | brúsieci | brúsiece | brúsiece | brúsivši | brúsivše | brúsivše |
| Neuter | brúsě, brúsieci | brúsiece | brúsiece | brúsiv, brúsivši | brúsivše | brúsivše |
Note: This table shows the most common forms of brúsiti around the 13th/14th century. See also Appendix:Old Czech verbs and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

#### Derived terms

* brus
* pobrúsiti

#### Descendants

* Czech: brousit

### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “brúsiti”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# pretérito
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin praeteritus.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /pɾeˈtɛ.ɾi.tu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /pɾeˈtɛ.ɾi.tu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /pɾeˈtɛ.ɾi.to/
* (Portugal) IPA: /pɾɨˈtɛ.ɾi.tu/
* Rhymes: -ɛɾitu

### Adjective

pretérito (feminine pretérita, masculine plural pretéritos, feminine plural pretéritas)
* (grammar, relational) of the preterite tense
* (uncommon) past (having already happened)
    Synonym: passado
* (Brazil, chiefly gay slang) shocked, taken aback
    Synonyms: chocado, passado

### Noun

pretérito m (uncountable)
* (grammar) the preterite tense

### Further reading

* “pretérito”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “pretérito”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɾeˈteɾito/ [pɾeˈt̪e.ɾi.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -eɾito
* Syllabification: pre‧té‧ri‧to

### Adjective

pretérito (feminine pretérita, masculine plural pretéritos, feminine plural pretéritas)
* past; former
** 2016, “Un Bolero en Berlín”, in Trap Mirror, performed by Los Chikos del Maíz:Crimen y castigo, busco abrigo en noches gélidas / Mañanas pretéritas / Arquitectura del olvido(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (grammar, relational) of the preterite verb tense

### Noun

pretérito m (uncountable)
* (grammar) the preterite tense

#### Derived terms

* pretérito anterior
* pretérito imperfecto
* pretérito indefinido
* pretérito perfecto
* pretérito pluscuamperfecto

### Further reading

* “pretérito”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# YPJ
## Northern Kurdish
### Proper noun

YPJ ?
* Initialism of Yekîneyên Parastina Jinê (“Women's Protection Units”).
# dyftongizacja
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* dyftongizacya (pre-reform orthography (1936))

### Etymology

Borrowed from English diphthongization. By surface analysis, dyftong +‎ -izacja. First attested in 1904. Compare Silesian dyftōngizacyjŏ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɘf.tɔŋ.ɡiˈza.t͡sja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at͡sja
* Syllabification: dyf‧ton‧gi‧za‧cja

### Noun

dyftongizacja f
* diphthongization (the process by which a single vowel sound (monophthong) shifts to a two-vowel vocalization (diphthong))

#### Descendants

* → Kashubian: diftongizacjô

### References

* ↑ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “dyftongizacja”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
* ↑ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “dyftongizacja”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
* ↑ Halina Zgółkowa, editor (1994-2005), “dyftongizacja”, in Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny, volumes 1-50, Poznań: Wydawnictwo Kurpisz, →ISBN
* ↑ Roczniki Towarzystwa Naukowego w Toruniu (in Polish), volume 11, 1904, page 178

### Further reading

* dyftongizacja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* dyftongizacja in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# elastic band
## English
### Noun

elastic band (plural elastic bands)
* A small, narrow loop of rubber or similar material used to hold items or body parts together.

#### Synonyms

* binder
* elastic
* gum band
* lacquer band (Australia)
* lacky band (UK, slang)
* rubber band

#### Translations
### See also

* loom band