# -ene
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /-iːn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Latin -ēnus, from Ancient Greek -ηνός (-ēnós), forming adjectives from place names.

#### Suffix

-ene
* Forms adjectives relating to places and nouns for their inhabitants.
    ‎Cairo + ‎-ene → ‎Cairene
    ‎Damascus + ‎-ene → ‎Damascene
* Forms adjectives and nouns denoting religious groups from personal names.
    ‎Rogers + ‎-ene → ‎Rogerene
    ‎Hagar + ‎-ene → ‎Hagarene

##### See also

* -ine

#### References

* “-ene, suffix”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French -ène, chosen by French chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas to avoid confusion with chemicals in -ine.

#### Suffix

-ene
* (organic chemistry) An unsaturated hydrocarbon having at least one double bond; an alkene.
* (organic chemistry) An aromatic hydrocarbon based on benzene.
* A polymer derived from an alkene.

##### Usage notes

The common names of some other organic compounds also end in ene.

##### Derived terms

* -diene
* -enyl
* acetylene
* anthracene
* benzene
* butadiene
* camphene
* carotene
* cymene
* ethene
* ethylene
* fullerene
* indene
* isoprene
* limonene
* lycopene
* mesitylene
* methylene
* naphthalene
* naphthene
* neoprene
* nitrobenzene
* phenanthrene
* phenylene
* pinene
* polyene
* polyethylene
* polypropylene
* polystyrene
* polythene
* propene
* propylene
* pyrene
* retene
* retinene
* squalene
* stearoptene
* stilbene
* styrene
* terpene
* toluene
* trinitrotoluene
* xanthene
* xylene

##### See also

* -ane
* -ein
* -in
* -ine
* -yne

#### References

* “-ene, comb. form”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

### Etymology 3

Derived from graphene, expressing its monolayer characteristic

#### Suffix

-ene
* a single-atom thick two-dimensional layer of atoms

##### Derived terms

* germanene
* graphene
* phosphorene
* silicene
* stanene

### Anagrams

* -een, Nee, e'en, een, nee, née

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From -e- (linking vowel) +‎ -ne (conditional suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɛnɛ]

### Suffix

-ene
* (conditional suffix) Forms the third-person singular present tense of verbs (conditional mood, indefinite conjugation).
    ‎segít (“to help”) + ‎-ene → ‎segítene (“he/she would help”)

#### Usage notes

| Person | Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | Front vowel |
| Person | Person | Back vowel | unrounded | rounded |
| én | 1st person singular | -nék | -nék | -nék |
| én | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anék | -enék | -enék |
| te | 2nd person singular | -nál | -nél | -nél |
| te | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anál | -enél | -enél |
| ő maga ön | 3rd person singular | -na | -ne | -ne |
| ő maga ön | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -ana | -ene | -ene |
| mi | 1st person plural | -nánk | -nénk | -nénk |
| mi | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anánk | -enénk | -enénk |
| ti | 2nd person plural | -nátok | -nétek | -nétek |
| ti | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anátok | -enétek | -enétek |
| ők maguk önök | 3rd person plural | -nának | -nének | -nének |
| ők maguk önök | after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anának | -enének | -enének |
| See also: present-tense definite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing. |||||
* (conditional suffix) Variants:
    -na is added to most back vowel verbs
       ‎vár (“to wait”) + ‎-na → ‎várna (“he/she would wait”)
    -ne is added to most front vowel verbs
       ‎kér (“to ask”) + ‎-ne → ‎kérne (“he/she would ask”)
    -ana is added to back vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t (exceptions: áll, száll, varr, forr, lát)
       ‎mond (“to say something”) + ‎-ana → ‎mondana (“he/she would say something”)
       ‎tanít (“to teach”) + ‎-ana → ‎tanítana (“he/she would teach”)
    -ene is added to front vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t
       ‎fest (“to paint”) + ‎-ene → ‎festene (“he/she would paint”)
       ‎segít (“to help”) + ‎-ene → ‎segítene (“he/she would help”)

#### See also

* Category:Hungarian verb forms
* Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

## Latvian
### Alternative forms

* -iene

### Etymology

From -enis +‎ -e (fem.).

### Suffix

-ene
* female equivalent of -enis (for female beings)
* feminine of -enis (for feminine-gender objects)

#### Derived terms
## Middle Dutch
### Pronoun

-ene
* Enclitic form of hem; accusative of hi

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* -en

### Etymology

From Old English -ena.

### Suffix

-ene
* Used to form the genitive plural of nouns.

#### Usage notes

Originally used only for weak nouns in Old English, this suffix was also used for etymologically strong nouns in some Early Middle English dialects, e.g., kingene king (king of kings). Its use was also influenced by the adjectival suffix -en.

#### References

* “-en(e”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 25 October 2024.
* “-en, suf.(8).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 25 October 2024.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Danish -ene

### Suffix

-ene
* suffix added to most of definite plural nouns

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Suffix

-ene
* Used to form definite plurals for most feminine nouns.

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /e.ne/

### Etymology 1
#### Suffix

-ene
* inflection of -en:
** dative singular
** strong accusative feminine singular
** strong instrumental masculine/neuter singular
** strong nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural
** weak nominative feminine/neuter singular
** weak accusative neuter singular

### Etymology 2
#### Suffix

-ene
* (Late Old English) Alternative form of -enne