OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# linaw
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *linaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *linaw.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlinaw/ [ˈl̪i.n̪aʊ̯]
* Hyphenation: li‧naw

### Noun

línaw (Basahan spelling ᜎᜒᜈᜏ᜔)
* clarity, clearness
    Synonym: liwanag
    Antonyms: libog, labog

#### Derived terms

* kalinawan
* maglinaw
* malinaw

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *linaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *linaw. Compare danaw, lanaw and lim-aw.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlinaw/ [ˈl̪i.n̪ɐʊ̯]
* Hyphenation: li‧naw

### Noun

linaw (Badlit spelling ᜎᜒᜈᜏ᜔)
* pool (reservoir for water)
* puddle
* lake
* lagoon

### Adjective

linaw
* calm; peaceful; serene

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *linaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *linaw.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlinaw/ [ˈli.naʊ̯]
* Hyphenation: li‧naw

### Noun

linaw
* lake; pond
    Synonym: lim-aw

### Verb

linaw
* to be calm; to be peaceful

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* linao — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *linaw, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *linaw. Compare Tausug linaw.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈlinaw/ [ˈliː.n̪aʊ̯]
* Rhymes: -inaw
* Syllabification: li‧naw

### Noun

linaw (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜒᜈᜏ᜔)
* clearness; clarity (of liquids, mirrors, vision, speech, explanation, etc.)
    Synonym: kaklaruhan
* clarification
    Synonyms: paglilinaw, pagliwanag, pagpapaliwanag, pagkakapaliwanag

#### Derived terms

* kalinawan
* linawin
* maglinaw
* maglinawan
* malinaw
* napakalinaw
* pampalinaw

### Further reading

* “linaw”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*linaw”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Anagrams

* lawin
# gapong
## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ɡaˈpoŋ/ [ɡɐˈpoŋ] (adjective)
*** Rhymes: -oŋ
** IPA: /ˈɡapoŋ/ [ˈɡaː.poŋ] (noun)
*** Rhymes: -apoŋ
* Syllabification: ga‧pong

### Adjective

gapóng (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜉᜓᜅ᜔)
* amputated; cut off (of one's limb)
    Synonyms: pungkol, putol, amputado

#### Derived terms

* gapungin
* ipagapong
* paggapong

### Noun

gapong (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜉᜓᜅ᜔)
* amputation of one's limb

### Anagrams

* pag-ong, pagong
# concentrato
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kon.t͡ʃenˈtra.to/
* Rhymes: -ato
* Hyphenation: con‧cen‧trà‧to

### Adjective

concentrato (feminine concentrata, masculine plural concentrati, feminine plural concentrate, superlative concentratissimo)
* concentrated, condensed, focussed
* concentrated, absorbed, attentive
    Synonym: assorto

### Noun

concentrato m (plural concentrati)
* concentrate

#### Related terms

* concentrare
* concentratore
* concentrazione

### Participle

concentrato (feminine concentrata, masculine plural concentrati, feminine plural concentrate)
* past participle of concentrare
# chã
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese chãa, inherited from Latin plāna, feminine of plānus.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʃɐ̃/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʃɐ̃/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʃɐ̃/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈt͡ʃɐ̃/
* Rhymes: -ɐ̃
* Hyphenation: chã

### Noun

chã f (plural chãs)
* (geography, archaic) plain

#### Derived terms

* Chã
* Chãs

### Adjective

chã
* feminine singular of chão

### References

* ↑ “chã”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* ↑ “chã”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

### Further reading

* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “chã”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
# слов'янський
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *slověnьskъ. By surface analysis, слов'яни́н (slovʺjanýn) +‎ -ський (-sʹkyj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sɫɔˈʋjanʲsʲkei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

слов'я́нський • (slovʺjánsʹkyj)
* Slavic

#### Derived terms

* всеслов'я́нський (vseslovʺjánsʹkyj)
* західнослов'я́нський (zaxidnoslovʺjánsʹkyj)
* міжслов'я́нський (mižslovʺjánsʹkyj)
* неслов'я́нський (neslovʺjánsʹkyj)
* південнослов'я́нський (pivdennoslovʺjánsʹkyj)
* східнослов'я́нський (sxidnoslovʺjánsʹkyj)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “слов'янський”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “слов'янський”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “слов'янський”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “слов'янський”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “слов'я́нський”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# χρηστόν
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰrɛːs.tón/ → /xrisˈton/ → /xrisˈton/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kʰrɛːs.tón/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /kʰre̝sˈton/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /xrisˈton/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /xrisˈton/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /xrisˈton/

### Adjective

χρηστόν • (khrēstón)
* inflection of χρηστός (khrēstós):
** neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular
** masculine accusative singular
# perakine
## English
### Noun

perakine (uncountable)
* An indole alkaloid isolated from the leaves of Rauvolfia yunnanensis.
# adjudge
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English ajugen, adjugen, from Old French ajugier, from Latin adiudicare. Doublet of adjudicate.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌdʒ

### Verb

adjudge (third-person singular simple present adjudges, present participle adjudging, simple past and past participle adjudged)
* To declare to be.
* To deem or determine to be.
** 2011 December 7, Phil McNulty, “Man City 2 - 0 Bayern Munich”, in BBC Sport‎:City felt they were victims of an injustice after 16 minutes when Silva's free-kick floated straight in, but French official Stephane Lannoy adjudged that Joleon Lescott had fouled keeper Jorg Butt.
* To award judicially; to assign.
** 19th c., James Russell Lowell, The Heritage
    What doth the poor man's son inherit?
    Wishes o'erjoyed with humble things,
    A rank adjudged by toil-won merit,
    Content that from employment springs
* To sentence; to condemn.
** 1795 February 28, “An act to provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions and to repeal the act now in force for those purposes”, in Library of Congress‎:on failure of payment of the fines adjudged against them […] for which he shall be so adjudged to imprisonment
** 1629, “The Petition Exhibited to his Majesty by the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons in this present Parliament assembled, concerning divers Rights and Liberties of the Subjects, with the Kings Majesties Royal Answer thereunto in full Parliament”, in University of Michigan Library‎:no man ought to be adjudged to death, but by the Laws established in this your Realm

#### Derived terms

* adjudgeable
* adjudger
* unadjudged

#### Related terms

* abjudge
* adjudicate
* judge

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
# takes silk
## English
### Verb

takes silk
* third-person singular simple present indicative of take silk
# haṇḍap
## Old Javanese
### Alternative forms

* aṇḍap

### Etymology

Probably affixed *ḍap +‎ (m)aN-, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *daap (“low”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /handap/, /andap/
* Rhymes: -dap
* Hyphenation: haṇ‧ḍap

### Adjective

haṇḍap
* low

#### Derived terms

* ahaṇḍap
* ahaṇḍap-haṇḍap
* aṇḍap
* aṇḍap-aṇḍap
* kaṇḍap

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦥ꧀ (andhap, “below, under; short, low; to descend”)
** → Indonesian: andap (“low”)
* → Balinese: ᬳᬡ᭄ᬟᬧ᭄→ᬳᬦ᭄ᬤᬧ᭄ (andap, “low, concise”)
* >? Malay: endap
** > Indonesian: endap (inherited)

### Further reading

* "haṇḍap" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
# Duke of Norfolk's Island
## English
### Etymology

Bestowed by William Ambrosia Cowley in 1684 honor of Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk; his son Henry, the 7th duke; or both.

### Proper noun

Duke of Norfolk's Island
* (historical) Former name of Santa Cruz, an island in Galapagos, Ecuador.

#### Derived terms

* Norfolk
* Norfolk Island
# billeʼ
## Makasar
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbilːeʔ/, [ˈɓil.leʔ]
* Hyphenation: bil‧leʼ

### Verb

billeʼ (Lontara spelling ᨅᨗᨒᨙ, semi-transitive aʼbilleʼ)
* (transitive) to briefly open, unveil, expose or uncover something to reveal its inner or hidden side, such as pulling down an eyelid to examine the eye or lifting the corner of a playing card to which card it is.

#### Affixations

* ambillèki
* appabilleʼ
* aʼbilleʼ
* taʼbilleʼ

### Further reading

* A. A. Cense (2024) Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek‎, Brill, →DOI
# uzsvērt
## Latvian
### Etymology

From uz- +‎ svērt.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

uzsvērt (transitive, 1st conjugation, present uzsveru, uzsver, uzsver, past uzsvēru) (transitive)
* to accentuate, to emphasize, to stress, to underline, to underscore (bring out distinctly; to make more noticeable or prominent)
* (phonetics) to accentuate, to accent, to stress (pronounce a word or syllable with more emphasis)

#### Synonyms

* akcentēt

#### Derived terms

* uzsvērties
* uzsvērums

### Further reading

* uzsvērt at tezaurs.lv
# felacija
## Lithuanian
### Noun

felacija f
* fellatio

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /felǎːt͡sija/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* Hyphenation: fe‧la‧ci‧ja
* Rhymes: -ija

### Noun

felácija f (Cyrillic spelling фела́ција)
* fellatio
# pleiocarpamine
## English
### Noun

pleiocarpamine (uncountable)
* A naturally occurring anticholinergic alkaloid.
# korespondencja
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin correspondentia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔ.rɛs.pɔnˈdɛn.t͡sja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛnt͡sja
* Syllabification: ko‧res‧pon‧den‧cja

### Noun

korespondencja f (diminutive korespondencyjka)
* correspondence (reciprocal exchange of civilities, especially by letters)
* correspondence (newspaper or news stories, generally)
* (set theory) correspondence (agreement of situations or objects with an expected outcome)
    Synonyms: odpowiedniość, zgodność

#### Derived terms

* korespondencyjny

#### Related terms

* korespondencki
* korespondencyjnie
* korespondent
* korespondentka
* korespondować

### Further reading

* korespondencja in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* korespondencja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Ponce
## English
### Proper noun

Ponce
* A city and municipality in the south of Puerto Rico, United States.

### Anagrams

* Copen, NOPEC

## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: Pon‧ce

### Proper noun

Ponce
* a surname from Spanish

## French
### Alternative forms

* Pons

### Etymology

From Latin Pontius.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔ̃s/
* Homophones: ponce, ponces

### Proper noun

Ponce m
* a male given name from Latin

### Paronyms

* panse
* pense

## Spanish
### Etymology

First attested in 1646. The city is named after Spanish administrator Juan Ponce de León y Loayza.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /ˈponθe/ [ˈpõn̟.θe]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈponse/ [ˈpõn.se]
* Rhymes: -onθe
* Rhymes: -onse
* Syllabification: Pon‧ce

### Proper noun

Ponce m
* A city and municipality of Puerto Rico, United States. [From 1646]
    Synonyms: (nickname) La Perla del Sur, (nickname) Ciudad Señorial

#### Derived terms

* ponceña
* ponceño

### Proper noun

Ponce m or f by sense
* a surname
# vouloir
## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Old French voloir, voleir, from Vulgar Latin volēre, regularized from Latin velle.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vu.lwaʁ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -waʁ

### Verb

vouloir
* (transitive) to want, wish, desire
    Je veux voir le soleil.I want to see the sun.
    Hitler voulait la guerre, mais beaucoup n’en étaient pas conscients.Hitler wanted war, but many were not aware of it.
** 1831, Victor Hugo, Notre-Dame de Paris [The Hunchback of Notre-Dame]:Quand je t’eus vue deux fois, je voulus te voir mille, je voulus te voir toujours.Having seen you twice, I wanted to see you a thousand times, I wanted to see you always.
* (reflexive) to see oneself as; to give the impression of, to seem

#### Usage notes

* vouloir que takes the subjunctive.
* The second-person singular and plural imperatives have alternative forms: veuille and veuillez, which have slight differences in usage. See individual articles for details.

#### Derived terms

* à bouche que veux-tu
* à mouchoir que veux-tu
* à qui veut l’entendre
* ce que femme veut, Dieu le veut
* en temps voulu
* en veux-tu en voilà
* en vouloir
* il n’est pire aveugle que celui qui ne veut pas voir
* il n’est pire sourd que celui qui ne veut pas entendre
* je veux, mon neveu
* quand on veut, on peut
* que veux-tu
* qui veut la fin veut les moyens
* si tu vois ce que je veux dire
* tu veux rire
* vouloir c’est pouvoir
* vouloir dire
* vous voulez rire

#### Descendants

* Saint Dominican Creole French: vlé
** Haitian Creole: vle

### Noun

vouloir m (plural vouloirs)
* will

#### Derived terms

* bon vouloir

### Further reading

* “vouloir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# 습기차다
## Korean
### Alternative forms

* 습기가 차다 (seupgiga chada)
* 습기 차다 (seupgi chada)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰɯp̚k͈it͡ɕʰa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [습끼차다]

### Verb

습기차다 • (seupgichada) (infinitive 습기차, sequential 습기차니)
* (colloquial) An alternative, more colloquial form of 습기가 차다 (seupgiga chada, “To fog up; to get wet or humid”)

#### Derived terms

* 안습 (anseup)
* 안습하다 (anseuphada)
# strikes while the iron is hot
## English
### Verb

strikes while the iron is hot
* third-person singular simple present indicative of strike while the iron is hot
# parikala
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* panicala, paricala — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography
* panikala

### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit परिकर (parikara, “covert or indirect intimation of coming events in a plot”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /paɾiˈkalaʔ/ [pɐ.ɾɪˈxaː.lɐʔ], /paɾiˈkala/ [pɐ.ɾɪˈxaː.lɐ]
* Rhymes: -alaʔ, -ala
* Syllabification: pa‧ri‧ka‧la

### Noun

parikalà or parikala (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜇᜒᜃᜎ)
* (literature) irony
    Synonym: ironiya

#### Derived terms

* magparikala
* may parikala
* parikalaan

#### See also

* parirala

### Further reading

* “parikala”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# frižider
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French frigidaire, a genericized proprietary name of a refrigerator brand, itself probably based on Latin frīgidārium (“cold-water bath room”), from frīgidus (“cold”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /friʒǐdeːr/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
* Hyphenation: fri‧ži‧der

### Noun

frižìdēr m (Cyrillic spelling фрижѝде̄р)
* refrigerator
    Synonym: (Croatia) hlȃdnjāk
# închipui
## Romanian
### Etymology

From în- +‎ chip +‎ -ui.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

a închipui (third-person singular present închipuiește, past participle închipuit) 4th conjugation
* to imagine, envisage, fancy
    Synonym: imagina

#### See also

* bănui
# طناز
## Arabic

* Root
* ط ن ز (ṭ n z)
* 2 terms

### Noun

طَنَّاز • (ṭannāz) m (plural طَنَّازُون (ṭannāzūn)) (Classical Arabic and in dialects)
* mocker, scoffer

#### Descendants

* → Classical Persian: طناز (tannāz)
** Persian: طناز (Tannāz)
** → Middle Armenian: տնազ (tnaz)
*** → Turkish: dınaz, denaz, tınaz, dınas, dınnaz
** → Ottoman Turkish: طناز (tannaz)

### References

* Bläsing, Uwe (1992) Armenisches Lehngut im Türkeitürkischen am Beispiel von Hemşin (Dutch Studies in Armenian Language and Literature; 2) (in German), Amsterdam and Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 36–38

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic طَنَّاز (ṭannāz).

### Noun

طناز • (tannaz)
* mocker, scoffer, jeerer

### Further reading

* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “طناز”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1246a

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic طَنَّاز (ṭannāz).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [tan.ˈnɑːz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰän.nɑ́ːz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰän.nɑ́ːz]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰän.nɑ́ːz]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰän.nɔ́ːz]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæn.nɒ́ːz]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰän.nɔ́z]

### Adjective

طناز • (tannâz)
* coquettish, playful
* mocking, scoffing, jeering

#### Derived terms

* طنازی (tannâzi)

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “طناز”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
# headlight
## English
### Etymology

From head +‎ light.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

headlight (plural headlights)
* A bright light, with a lens and reflector, on the front of a motor vehicle (or originally a ship or train), designed to illuminate the road when driving at night; normally one of a pair.
* (US, slang, vulgar, chiefly in the plural) A woman's breast.
** 1993, Quantum Leap, season 5, episode 14, spoken by Al Calavicci (Dean Stockwell):Oh, well. She's got... great... casabas. […] Well, you know. Melons. […] Hoo-has? Honkers? Hooters? Headlights? Uh... tatas? Teeters? Tweeters? Tom-toms? Tetons? […] I'm trying to say it. Uh, meatballs. Mangoes. Cream pies. Cupcakes? Uh... bangers? Bouncers? Bulumbas? […] Bazongas? Breasts! I said it.
* (Canada, slang, vulgar, chiefly in the plural) A woman's erect nipples, partially masked by clothing.
* (US, slang, chiefly in the plural) A jewel; especially a diamond.
* (US, slang, chiefly in the plural) Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD).

#### Synonyms

* (motor vehicle light): headlamp
* (breast): See also Thesaurus:breast.
* (nipple): See also Thesaurus:nipples.

#### Hypernyms

* light

#### Derived terms

* deer in the headlight syndrome
* dipped headlight
* halo headlight
* headlight fish
* headlight fluid
* headlighting

#### Translations
### See also

* dome light
* fog lamp
* idiot light
* indicator
* sidelight
* taillight

### References

* Eric Partridge (2005) “headlights”, in Tom Dalzell and Terry Victor, editors, The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, volume 1 (A–I), London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 979.
* headlight on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* lighthead
# 통역
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 通譯, from 通 (“connect”) + 譯 (“interpret”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈtʰo̞(ː)ŋjʌ̹k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [통(ː)역]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

통역 • (tong'yeok) (hanja 通譯)
* interpretation
* interpreter

#### Derived terms

* 동시통역 (dongsitong'yeok)
* 통역사 (tong'yeoksa)
* 통역자 (tong'yeokja)
* 통역하다 (tong'yeokhada)

### References

* National institute of the Korean language : Standard Korean language dictionary‎, 2021 October 31 (last accessed)
* National institute of the Korean language : Korean-English learner's dictionary‎, 2021 October 31 (last accessed)
# դանգ
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* դանկ (dank)

### Etymology

A Middle Iranian borrowing: compare Persian دانگ (dâng, “sixth of something”) and see it for more.

### Noun

դանգ • (dang)
* a unit of weight
* small coin, obolus

#### Derived terms

* դանգաշահութիւն (dangašahutʻiwn)
* դանգարժեայ (dangaržeay)
* դանգեկէս (dangekēs)
* երեքդանգեան (erekʻdangean)
* վեցդանգեան (vecʻdangean)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: դանգ (dang)

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “դանգ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 620ab
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “դանգ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 134
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “դանգ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# raṇa
## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit रण (raṇa, “war, battle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ra.na/
* Rhymes: -na
* Hyphenation: ra‧ṇa

### Noun

raṇa
* battle
* war
* combat
* fight
* conflict

#### Derived terms

* raṇabhūmi
* raṇadeśa
* raṇakriyā
* raṇakula
* raṇakārya
* raṇamadhya
* raṇamaṅgala
* raṇamaṇḍala
* raṇamukha
* raṇapada
* raṇapriya
* raṇasabhā
* raṇatala
* raṇayajña
* raṇāṅga
* raṇāṅgabhūmi
* raṇāṅgamadhya
* raṇāṅgana
* raṇāṅgana
* raṇāṅganasabhā
* raṇāṅgayajña
* raṇāṅgābhirāma

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦫꦤ (rana, “battle; battlefield”)
* → Balinese: ᬭᬡ (rana, “battlefield”)

### Further reading

* "raṇa" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
* रण (Devanagari script)
* রণ (Bengali script)
* රණ (Sinhalese script)
* ရဏ or ရꧣ (Burmese script)
* รณ or ระณะ (Thai script)
* ᩁᨱ (Tai Tham script)
* ຣຓ or ຣະຓະ (Lao script)
* រណ (Khmer script)
* 𑄢𑄕 (Chakma script)

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Sanskrit रण n (raṇa, “battle”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ránam (“battle”).

#### Noun

raṇa n
* battle

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Inherited from Sanskrit रण m (ráṇa, “pleasure, delight, etc.”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ran- (“pleasure, joy”).

#### Noun

raṇa m
* intoxication, desire
* sin, fault

##### Declension
### References

* Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “raṇa”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead
* Childers, Robert Caesar, Dictionary of the Päli language, London: Trübner & Company, 1875, page 401.
# nilay
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Possibly from Malay nilai (“evaluation, valuation”), from Tamil நிலை (nilai, “character, quality, nature”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈnilaj/ [ˈn̪iː.laɪ̯]
* Rhymes: -ilaj
* Syllabification: ni‧lay

### Noun

nilay (Baybayin spelling ᜈᜒᜎᜌ᜔)
* careful consideration; meditation; reflection
    Synonyms: bulay, bulay-bulay, muni-muni, dili-dili, bulik-bulik, gunam-gunam, gilimhim, limi, lining, pag-isipan
* (obsolete) act of fishing
    Synonyms: pangingisda, pamamalakaya

#### Derived terms

* ipagnilay
* magnilay
* manilay
* mapagnilay-nilay
* nilay-nilay
* nilay-nilayin
* nilayin
* pagninilay
* pagninilay-nilay
* paninilayan

#### See also

* lirip

### Further reading

* “nilay”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* linay, linya
# χρηστάς
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰrɛːs.tǎːs/ → /xrisˈtas/ → /xrisˈtas/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kʰrɛːs.tǎːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /kʰre̝sˈtas/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /xrisˈtas/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /xrisˈtas/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /xrisˈtas/

### Adjective

χρηστᾱ́ς • (khrēstā́s)
* feminine accusative plural of χρηστός (khrēstós)