# bert
## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɛɻ̥ʈ]

### Adverb

bert
* only

### Verb

bert
* second-person singular present of bera

### References

Árnason, Kristján (2011) The Phonology of Icelandic and Faroese (The Phonology of the World's Languages), Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 115

## Icelandic
### Adjective

bert
* neuter nominative/accusative singular of ber

## Old Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʲer͈t/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *bertā, derivative of *bereti (“to carry”).
Cognate with the Gaulish source of Vulgar Latin berciolum (“cradle”), which is the source of French berceau and Catalan bressol.

#### Noun

bert f or n
* burden, load, bundle
** c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 264
    Etar·scarfaider cach mbert corcai chuindfig fri cruithnecht.He will separate every bundle of tares from wheat.
* (figurative) burden, weight (of grief, etc.)
* clothing, covering, clothes, attire, apparel; accoutrement
* deed, exploit; feat, trick; effort, task; action, behaviour; move, play (in a game), game

##### Inflection

Feminine ā-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | bert$^L$ | beirt$^L$ | berta$^H$ |
| Vocative | bert$^L$ | beirt$^L$ | berta$^H$ |
| Accusative | beirt$^N$ | beirt$^L$ | berta$^H$ |
| Genitive | beirte$^H$ | bert$^L$ | bert$^N$ |
| Dative | beirt$^L$ | bertaib | bertaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||
Neuter o-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | bert$^N$ | bert$^N$ | bert$^L$, berta |
| Vocative | bert$^N$ | bert$^N$ | bert$^L$, berta |
| Accusative | bert$^N$ | bert$^N$ | bert$^L$, berta |
| Genitive | beirt$^L$ | bert | bert$^N$ |
| Dative | bert$^L$ | bertaib | bertaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

##### Derived terms

Bert is used to form the verbal nouns of most of the derivatives of beirid, instead of breth. All of these derivatives are feminine ā-stems.
* abairt
* airbert
* atairbert
* comairbert
* compert
* cundubart
* díupart
* epert
* forbart
* frithbert
* idbart
* imbert
* tabairt
* tairbert

##### Descendants

* Irish: beart
* Scottish Gaelic: beart
* ⇒ Middle Irish: bertach
** Irish: beartach

#### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “ber-o”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 62

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

·bert
* third-person singular preterite conjunct of beirid

#### Verb

bert
* third-person singular preterite relative of beirid

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Old Norse
### Etymology

Neuter of berr.

### Adjective

bert
* positive degree strong neuter nominative/accusative singular of berr

### Adverb

bert
* openly, clearly

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “bert”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive