# ἄλγος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Disputed. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leg- (“to care”), and related to ἀλέγω (alégō, “to take care”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ál.ɡos/ → /ˈal.ɣos/ → /ˈal.ɣos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ál.ɡos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈal.ɡos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈal.ɣos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈal.ɣos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈal.ɣos/

### Noun

ἄλγος • (álgos) n (genitive ἄλγεος or ἄλγους); third declension
* pain (of either mind or body), sorrow, trouble, grief, distress, woe
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.1–2:Μῆνιν ἄειδε, θεά, Πηληιάδεω Ἀχιλῆος οὐλομένην, ἣ μυρί’ Ἀχαιοῖς ἄλγε’ ἔθηκε.Mênin áeide, theá, Pēlēiádeō Akhilêos ouloménēn, hḕ murí’ Akhaioîs álge’ éthēke.Translation by Samuel ButlerSing, O goddess, the rage of Achilles son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaeans.
* that which causes pain or suffering

#### Synonyms

* πόνος (pónos)

#### Derived terms

* ἀλγεινός (algeinós)
* ἀλγέω (algéō)
* ἀλγηδών (algēdṓn)
* ἄλγημα (álgēma)
* ἄλγησις (álgēsis)
* ἀλγινόεις (alginóeis)
* ἀλγύνω (algúnō)
* ἀναλγής (analgḗs)
* ἀναλγησίᾱ (analgēsíā)
* ἀνάλγητος (análgētos)
* ἀπαλγέω (apalgéō)
* γλωσσαλγῐ́ᾱ (glōssalgĭ́ā)
* διαλγέω (dialgéō)
* διαλγής (dialgḗs)
* δυσαλγής (dusalgḗs)
* ἐπαλγέω (epalgéō)
* θῡμαλγής (thūmalgḗs)
* καρδιαλγία (kardialgía)
* καταλγέω (katalgéō)
* κεφαλαλγέω (kephalalgéō)
* κεφαλαλγής (kephalalgḗs)
* κεφαλαλγία (kephalalgía)
* ὀσφῠᾰλγῐ́ᾱ (osphŭălgĭ́ā)
* περιαλγέω (perialgéō)
* περιαλγής (perialgḗs)
* ποδαλγίᾱ (podalgíā)
* συναλγέω (sunalgéō)
* ὑπεραλγέω (huperalgéō)
* ὑπεραλγής (huperalgḗs)

#### Descendants

* Greek: άλγος n (álgos, “pain”)
* → English: -algia, -algy

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄλγος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 62

### Further reading

* “ἄλγος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἄλγος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἄλγος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἄλγος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἄλγος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* ἄλγος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* “ἄλγος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. ache idem, page 8.anguish idem, page 29.grief idem, page 373.heaviness idem, page 393.lamentation idem, page 474.melancholy idem, page 524.misery idem, page 534.pain idem, page 588.sadness idem, page 730.smart idem, page 786.sorrow idem, page 795.torment idem, page 881.unhappiness idem, page 920.
* “ἄλγος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011