# πυνθάνομαι
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* πεύθομαι (peúthomai) — poetic

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ-. Cognates include Sanskrit बोधति (bodhati), Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (anabiudan), and Old English bēodan (English bede, bid).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pyn.tʰá.no.mai̯/ → /pynˈθa.no.mɛ/ → /pinˈθa.no.me/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pyn.tʰá.no.mai̯/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /pynˈtʰa.no.mɛ/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /pynˈθa.no.mɛ/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /pynˈθa.no.me/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /pinˈθa.no.me/

### Verb

πῠνθάνομαι • (pŭnthánomai)
* to learn
** to learn (accusative) from (genitive)
*** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 599
*** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 737
*** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 1417
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.91
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.408
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.537
*** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1266
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.22
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.1.3
** (with accusative) to hear or learn
*** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 765
*** 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, On the Murder of Herodes 25
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.22
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.119
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.411
*** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 7.7
** (with genitive) to hear about, ask about
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.224
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.281
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.256
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 635b
*** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 35
** (with participle) to learn that
*** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 763
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.58
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.257
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.377
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 19.322
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.732
*** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 692
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.6
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.31
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.7.16
** (with interrogative clause) to ask
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.68
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laches 196c
*** 360 BCE, Plato, The Sophist 216d
*** 200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 3.107.6
*** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 11
*** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 993
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.1.7
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.6.17
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 6.3.25
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.4.7

#### Derived terms

* ἀνᾰπῠνθάνομαι (anăpŭnthánomai)
* ἀπευθής (apeuthḗs)
* ἀποπῠνθάνομαι (apopŭnthánomai)
* ἄπυστος (ápustos)
* δῐᾰπῠνθάνομαι (dĭăpŭnthánomai)
* ἐκπῠνθάνομαι (ekpŭnthánomai)
* ἔκπυστος (ékpustos)
* ἐπῐπῠνθάνομαι (epĭpŭnthánomai)
* νεοπευθής (neopeuthḗs)
* νηπευθής (nēpeuthḗs)
* περίπυστος (perípustos)
* πεῦσῐς (peûsĭs)
* πευστέον (peustéon)
* πευστήρῐος (peustḗrĭos)
* πευστής (peustḗs)
* πευστῐκός (peustĭkós)
* πολυπευθής (polupeuthḗs)
* προπῠνθάνομαι (propŭnthánomai)
* προσπῠνθάνομαι (prospŭnthánomai)
* πύσμᾰ (púsmă)
* πύστις (pústis)
* πῠστός (pŭstós)
* σῠμπῠνθάνομαι (sŭmpŭnthánomai)
* φῐλοπευθής (phĭlopeuthḗs)
* φιλοπευστέω (philopeustéō)

#### Related terms

* πευθήν (peuthḗn)
* πευθώ (peuthṓ)

#### References

* “πυνθάνομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πυνθάνομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “πυνθάνομαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* πυνθάνομαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “πυνθάνομαι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G4441 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press