OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# rince
## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Canada):(file)

### Verb

rince
* inflection of rincer:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* écrin

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ˈɾˠiːɲcɪ/
* (Connacht) IPA: /ˈɾˠɪɲcɪ/

### Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

rince m (genitive singular rince, nominative plural rincí)
* verbal noun of rinc
* dance
    Synonym: damhsa

##### Derived terms

* ceol rince (“dance”)
* dul chuig rince (“to go to a dance”)
* halla rince (“dance-hall”)
* múinteoir rince (“dancing-master”)
* rince a bhaint as airgead (“to spend money lavishly”, literally “to make money spin”)
* rince a bheith agat (“to be able to dance”)
* rince a dhéanamh (“to dance, do a dance”)
* rince an chlaímh (“sword-dance”)
* rince céime (“step-dance”)
* rince fada (type of traditional dance, literally “long dance”)
* rince na bpréachán (“shuffling”)
* rince téide (“rope-dance”)
* rince tíre (“folk-dance”)
* rince tuaithe (“country-dance”)
* rinceach (“dancing; spinning”, adjective)
* rinceoir m (“dancer”)

#### Verb

rince
* present subjunctive of rinc (“dance”)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

rince f
* genitive singular of rinc (“rink”)

### References

* ↑ Ó Cuív, Brian (1968) The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, page 47; reprinted 1988

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rince”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “rince”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “rince”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
# 絕望
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): juéwàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zyut$^6$ mong$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhie̍t-mong
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): choa̍t-bōng / choa̍t-bāng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zoh$^8$ mo$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$zhiq-waon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: juéwàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyuéwàng
*** Wade–Giles: chüeh$^2$-wang$^4$
*** Yale: jywé-wàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyuewanq
*** Palladius: цзюэван (czjuevan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ wɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zyut$^6$ mong$^6$
*** Yale: jyuht mohng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzyt$^9$ mong$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jud$^6$ mong$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syːt̚² mɔːŋ²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhie̍t-mong
*** Hakka Romanization System: qied mong
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qiad$^6$ mong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯et̚⁵ moŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: choa̍t-bōng
*** Tâi-lô: tsua̍t-bōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zoadbong
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡suat̚⁴⁻³² bɔŋ²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡suat̚²⁴⁻² bɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡suat̚⁴⁻³² bɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡suat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ bɔŋ²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: choa̍t-bāng
*** Tâi-lô: tsua̍t-bāng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zoadbang
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡suat̚⁴⁻³² baŋ³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zoh$^8$ mo$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tso̍h mō
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡soʔ⁴⁻² mo¹¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$zhiq-waon
*** MiniDict: zhih$^入$ waon
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$xxiq-hhuaan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑiɪʔ¹¹ ɦuɑ̃²³/

### Verb

絕望
* to despair; to give up hope; to be desperate

#### Synonyms

* 喪氣 / 丧气
* 嘔興 / 呕兴 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 失望 (shīwàng)
* 慼心 / 戚心 (“chheh-sim”) (Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 掃興 / 扫兴
* 敗興 / 败兴 (bàixìng)
* 死空 (Hokkien)
* 死窟 (Hokkien)
* 死蕩蕩 / 死荡荡 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 氣餒 / 气馁 (qìněi)
* 洩勁 / 泄劲 (xièjìn)
* 洩氣 / 泄气 (xièqì)
* 灰心 (huīxīn)
* 無望 / 无望 (wúwàng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 絕 | 望 |
| ぜつ Hyōgai | ぼう Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 絕望 – see the following entry. :
| 【絶望ぜつぼう】 | [noun] despair; hopelessness [verb] to despair, to abandon, to lose all hope. |
(This term, 絕望, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 絕 | 望 |

### Noun

絕望 • (jeolmang) (hangeul 절망)
* hanja form of 절망 (“despair”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 絕 | 望 |

### Adjective

絕望
* chữ Hán form of tuyệt vọng (“desperate”).
# gǔmài
## Mandarin
### Romanization

gǔmài (Zhuyin ㄍㄨˇ ㄇㄞˋ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 穀麥 / 谷麦
# wetting agent
## English
### Noun

wetting agent (plural wetting agents)
* A substance, such as a surfactant, that reduces the surface tension of a liquid, allowing it to spread across and penetrate the surface of a solid.

#### See also

* cleaning agent (often coinstantiated)

#### Further reading

* “wetting agent”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
* “wetting agent” in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Longman.
* “wetting agent”, in Collins English Dictionary.
# inimigo
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* nemigo

### Etymology

From a semi-learned modification of Old Galician-Portuguese ẽemigo, based on its etymology, Latin inimicus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [iniˈmiɣʊ]

### Noun

inimigo m (plural inimigos, feminine inimiga, feminine plural inimigas)
* enemy
    Antonym: amigo
** 1444, Á. Rodríguez González, editor, Livro do Concello de Pontevedra., Pontevedra: Museo de Pontevedra, page 181:nos, o Conçello, juis, alcaldes, jurados, legidores e procuradores da vila de Pontevedra, por quanto segund dereito e ley de natura cada home he obligado de punar e traballar por sua vida, honrra, proveyto e estado de sua persona e de seus bẽes e familiares e fasenda e se defender de seus inimigos e ynpililos quanto poder e, e faser moyto por aver vitoria deleswe, the Council, judge, mayors, aldermen, councillors and agents of the town of Pontevedra: because by natural law and right each man is obliged to fight and work for life, honour, profit and state of his own and of his belongings and family and interests and to fend off his enemies and to impel them as much as one can and to do much to have victory over them

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “inimigo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “inimigo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “inimigo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “inimigo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “inimigo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Lombard
### Etymology

From Latin inimīcus.

### Pronunciation

* (Old Lombard) IPA: [iniˈmiɡo]

### Noun

inimigo m
* (Old Lombard) fiend, enemy

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From a semi-learned modification of Old Galician-Portuguese ẽemigo, based on its etymology, Latin inimicus, itself from in- (“not”) + amicus (“friend”) (modern amigo).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /i.niˈmi.ɡu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /i.niˈmi.ɡu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /i.niˈmi.ɡo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /i.niˈmi.ɡu/ [i.niˈmi.ɣu], /i.nɨˈmi.ɡu/ [i.nɨˈmi.ɣu]
* Hyphenation: i‧ni‧mi‧go

### Noun

inimigo m (plural inimigos, feminine inimiga, feminine plural inimigas)
* enemy
    Synonym: adversário
    Antonym: amigo

#### Quotations

* For quotations using this term, see Citations:inimigo.

#### Related terms

* inimizade
# championship
## English
### Etymology

From champion +‎ -ship.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃæmpi.ənʃɪp/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

championship (countable and uncountable, plural championships)
* (sports) A competition to determine a champion, especially the final of a series of competitions.
* The position of champion, or winner.
* Defense or support of some cause.
    His championship of civil rights eventually bore fruit.
** 1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:They had also dropped their championship of Jones, who had given up hope of getting his farm back and gone to live in another part of the county.

#### Derived terms

* League Championship Series
* prechampionship

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Compared to the preceding days, being the night before the burial, the night where most people show up in a wake.

### Noun

championship
* (chiefly Cebu, slang, humorous) the night before the day of the burial (see usage notes)

#### Usage notes

* Most wakes last up to nine days, equal to the number of novena days. They may last longer or briefer depending on the family's wishes or reasons.
# 葡萄牙文
## Chinese

| | | Portugal | language; culture; writinglanguage; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle |
| trad. (葡萄牙文) | trad. (葡萄牙文) | 葡萄牙 | 文 |
| simp. $^#$(葡萄牙文) | simp. $^#$(葡萄牙文) | 葡萄牙 | 文 |

### Etymology

葡萄牙 (Pútáoyá, “Portugal”) + 文 (wén, “writing; language”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pútáoyáwén
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄠˊ ㄧㄚˊ ㄨㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pou$^4$ tou$^4$ ngaa$^4$ man$^4$ / pou$^4$ tou$^4$ ngaa$^4$ man$^{4-2}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pútáoyáwén
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄠˊ ㄧㄚˊ ㄨㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pútáoyáwún
*** Wade–Giles: pʻu$^2$-tʻao$^2$-ya$^2$-wên$^2$
*** Yale: pú-táu-yá-wén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pwutauryawen
*** Palladius: путаоявэнь (putaojavɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ jä³⁵ wən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pou$^4$ tou$^4$ ngaa$^4$ man$^4$ / pou$^4$ tou$^4$ ngaa$^4$ man$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: pòuh tòuh ngàh màhn / pòuh tòuh ngàh mán
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pou$^4$ tou$^4$ ngaa$^4$ man$^4$ / pou$^4$ tou$^4$ ngaa$^4$ man$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pou$^4$ tou$^4$ nga$^4$ men$^4$ / pou$^4$ tou$^4$ nga$^4$ men$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰou̯²¹ tʰou̯²¹ ŋaː²¹ mɐn²¹/, /pʰou̯²¹ tʰou̯²¹ ŋaː²¹ mɐn²¹⁻³⁵/

### Noun

葡萄牙文
* Portuguese language (especially written)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 葡萄牙語 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 葡萄牙語, 葡語 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 葡萄牙文, 葡文 |
# widowhood
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English wydowhood, widewehad, equivalent to widow +‎ -hood. Compare widowerhood.

### Noun

widowhood (countable and uncountable, plural widowhoods)
* The state or period of being a widow or widower.

#### Derived terms

* grass widowhood

#### Related terms

* widow
* widowed
* widower
* widowerhood
# croup
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɹuːp/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -uːp

### Etymology 1

From Middle English croupe, from Old French croupe (“rump, body”), from Old Norse kroppr (“body, trunk, mass”), from Proto-Germanic *kruppaz (“body, mass, heap, collection, crop”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”). More at crupper, doublet of croupe, group, and crop.

#### Alternative forms

* croupe

#### Noun

croup (plural croups)
* The top of the rump of a horse or other quadruped.
    Coordinate terms: crupper, rump, buttocks
** 1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “(please specify the introduction or canto number, or chapter name)”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC:So light to the croup the fair lady he swung, / So light to the saddle before her he sprung.
** 1835, Charles Frederick Partington, The British cyclopædia of natural history:The guib [a kind of antelope] is of the mean dimensions, or four feet and a half in total length, and two and a half high at the shoulders, but rather higher at the croup.

##### Derived terms

* croupal
* crouplike

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Scots croup, croop (“the croup”), from Scots croup, crowp, croop (“to croak, speak hoarsely, murmur, complain”), from Old Scots crowp, crope, croap (“to call loudly, croak”), alteration of rowp, roup, roip, rope (“to cry, cry hoarsely, roop”), from Middle English roupen, ropen, from Old English hrōpan (“to shout, proclaim; cry out, scream, howl”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōpaną (“to shout”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker-, *kor- (“to caw, crow”). More at roop.

#### Verb

croup (third-person singular simple present croups, present participle crouping, simple past and past participle crouped)
* (obsolete outside dialects) To croak, make a hoarse noise.

##### Translations
#### Noun

croup (uncountable)
* (pathology) An infectious illness of the larynx, especially in young children, causing respiratory difficulty.

##### Usage notes

* There are two forms of croup, one caused by the diphtheria bacterium which may be deadly if not cured, and the other, less severe, caused by viruses. The viral form was formerly called pseudocroup. Vaccines and antibiotics have nearly eradicated the diphtheritic form from developed countries, and now the term "croup" chiefly refers to the viral form.

##### Derived terms

* croupous
* croupy
* false croup

##### Translations
### Anagrams

* cupro, cupro-

## Middle English
### Noun

croup
* Alternative form of croupe
# veggie
## English
### Etymology

Clipping of vegetable and/or vegetarian +‎ -ie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvɛd͡ʒi/
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛdʒi

### Noun

veggie (plural veggies)
* (informal) A vegetable.
** 1931, United States. Dept. of Agriculture, Yearbook of agriculture, page 13:There was lots of rice, at least 20 different "veggies" and all kinds of soups.
** 1937, American cookery, volume 42, page 498:and eight small dishes of 'veggies,' as we have taught our children lovingly to term that important item of food known as vegetables.
* (informal) A vegetarian.
** 2018, Andrew Linzey, Clair Linzey, Ethical Vegetarianism and Veganism:Vegetarian/vegan meals at most colleges are only pretty average. They have a long way to go to provide nutritionally adequate and tasty food for veggies.

#### Synonyms

* (vegetable): veg
* (vegetarian): veggo (Australian)

#### Derived terms

* veggie garden

#### Translations
### Adjective

veggie (comparative more veggie, superlative most veggie)
* (informal) Vegetarian; suitable for vegetarians; without meat.
** 1985, Ellen Goodman, Keeping in touch:One place was too crowded last time, another too expensive, a third she liked but he thought too "veggie."
** 2001 January 20, “Simplicity of Mennonite cookbook makes converts”, in Dallas Morning News:Diet for a Small Planet was also popular at the time, but it was a little too 'veggie,' a little too new for some people.
** 2001 September 16, “Fighting cancer with a menu”, in Chicago Tribune:The main courses are heavy on beans and may be too veggie for the typical meat eater to swallow but side dishes are less exotic and just as healthy ...
** 2004 September 1, “Pasta Thai a winner in new competition”, in Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Journal-Sentinel:Steven Beeson of Milwaukee won a blue ribbon with this very veggie entree
* Vegetable-like, vegetal
** 1993 July 21, “Reading between the WINES”, in San Diego (California) Union-Tribune:So we actually proved that the old folklore about a dense canopy leading to very veggie wines was true, Noble said.
** 2009 February 4, “The Edgy Veggie: Some greens with that candy bar?”, in Oakland (California) Tribune:They're neither too sweet nor too veggie, but like the other bars, have more calories than a bucket of broccoli.

#### Synonyms

* (vegetarian): veggo (Australian)

#### Derived terms

* veggie dog

#### Translations
### Derived terms

* veggie burger
* veggieburger
# Parsons
## English
### Etymology

An occupational surname for a child or a servant of a parson.
* In the United States adopted by bearers of one or more similar sounding Jewish surnames, and of the Swedish surnames Pärsson and Persson.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈpɑɹsənz/

### Proper noun

Parsons
* A surname originating as an occupation.
* A number of places in the United States:
** A city in Labette County, Kansas.
** An unincorporated community in Sullivan County, Missouri.
** A city in Decatur County, Tennessee.
** A city, the county seat of Tucker County, West Virginia.
** Short for Parsons Island.

#### Derived terms

* Parsons code
* parsonsite
* Parsons problem
* Parsons puzzle
* Parsons table

#### Statistics

    According to the 1990 census of the United States Parsons is the 439th most common surname with 64,662 people having the surname residing there, representing 0.026% of the population.

### Anagrams

* asprons
# bowline
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English bouline, bawelyne.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈbəʊlɪn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈboʊlɪn/

### Noun

bowline (plural bowlines)
* (nautical) A rope fastened near the middle of the leech or perpendicular edge of the square sails.
* (nautical) A knot tied so as to produce an eye or loop in the end of a rope that will not slip or jam.

#### Derived terms

* bowline bridle
* bowlined
* on a bowline
* running bowline

#### Translations
### Further reading

* bowline on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# 灰色文獻
## Chinese

| | | gray | literature; research material; documentliterature; research material; document; data |
| trad. (灰色文獻) | trad. (灰色文獻) | 灰色 | 文獻 |
| simp. (灰色文献) | simp. (灰色文献) | 灰色 | 文献 |
(This form in the hanzi box is uncreated: "灰色文献".)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huīsè wénxiàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟ ㄙㄜˋ ㄨㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huīsè wénxiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟ ㄙㄜˋ ㄨㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hueisè wúnsiàn
*** Wade–Giles: hui$^1$-sê$^4$ wên$^2$-hsien$^4$
*** Yale: hwēi-sè wén-syàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hueiseh wenshiann
*** Palladius: хуэйсэ вэньсянь (xuejsɛ vɛnʹsjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ sɤ⁵¹ wən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

### Noun

灰色文獻
* grey literature
# worthiness
## English
### Alternative forms

* worthynesse (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English worthynesse, equivalent to worthy +‎ -ness.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈwɜː(ɹ)ðɪnəs/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

worthiness (countable and uncountable, plural worthinesses)
* (uncountable) The state or quality of having value or merit.
** 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter I, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 15-16:But, unlike the generality of her age, love now occupied no place in the future. How could she ever believe in the worthiness of any one? or, if she believed, it could never so interest her again.
* (countable) The result or product of having value or merit.
* (uncountable) The state or quality of being qualified or eligible.
* (countable) The result or product of being qualified or eligible.

#### Related terms

* love-worthiness

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* shire towns
# wrapper
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English wrappere, equivalent to wrap +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɹæpɚ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Homophone: rapper
* Hyphenation: wrap‧per
* Rhymes: -æpə(ɹ)

### Noun

wrapper (plural wrappers)
* Something that is wrapped around something else as a cover or protection: a wrapping.
** 2023 April 5, Pip Dunn, “'196s' giving commuters a smoother ride”, in RAIL, number 980, page 55:Messy trains are horrible, but you can sort of understand passengers leaving their sandwich wrappers and paper cups if there is nowhere to dispose of them.
* An outer garment; a loose robe or dressing gown.
** 1839, Edgar Allan Poe, William Wilson:Please to examine, at your leisure, the inner linings of the cuff of his left sleeve, and the several little packages which may be found in the somewhat capacious pockets of his embroidered morning wrapper.
** 1855, Charles Dickens, “The Holly-tree. Third Branch—The Bill”, in Christmas Stories […] (The Works of Charles Dickens; XV), de luxe edition, London: Chapman and Hall, published 1881, →OCLC, page 63:It was eight o'clock to-morrow evening when I buckled up my travelling writing-desk in its leather case, paid my Bill, and got on my warm coats and wrappers.
* One who, or that which, wraps.
    He proved to be a remarkably efficient wrapper of parcels.
* (object-oriented programming) A construct, such as a class or module, that serves to mediate access to another.
    We need a Perl wrapper for this C++ library.

#### Usage notes

* In the computing sense, wrapper is often used attributively: one can speak of a “wrapper class”, a “wrapper object”, a “wrapper function”, and so on. More broadly, one can speak of a “wrapper pattern”, for the creation and use of such wrappers.

#### Synonyms

* (construct that mediates access): adapter
* wrapper class
* primitive wrapper class

#### Derived terms

* app wrapper
* fish wrapper
* fish-wrapper
* lumpia wrapper
* plain brown wrapper
* plain wrapper
* railway wrapper

#### Descendants

* → Mmen: lapa

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* prewrap
# varlı
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Morphologically var +‎ -lı.

### Adjective

varlı
* rich, wealthy
    Synonyms: dövlətli, sərvətli, zəngin, pullu, imkanlı
    Antonyms: kasıb, yoxsul, möhtac, fağıra, tavanasız, miskin, imkansız, pulsuz
# exculpate
## English
### Etymology

From Medieval Latin exculpātus, perfect passive participle of exculpō, from Latin ex culpa, from ex- (“out, from”) + culpa (“fault; blame”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛkskəlpeɪt/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Verb

exculpate (third-person singular simple present exculpates, present participle exculpating, simple past and past participle exculpated)
* To clear of or to free from guilt; exonerate.
** 1896, Edward Manson, J. S. Henderson (editors), Reports of Cases in Bankruptcy and Companies' Winding-Up, Volume 3, Sweet & Maxwell, page 72,
    When one comes to look at subsection 7, it is quite clear that the Court can only allow expenses to a person ordered to attend for examination if in the opinion of the Court he is exculpated from any of the charges made or suggested against him.
** 1907 January, Harold Bindloss, chapter 4, in The Dust of Conflict, 1st Canadian edition, Toronto, Ont.: McLeod & Allen, →OCLC:The inquest on keeper Davidson was duly held, and at the commencement seemed likely to cause Tony Palliser less anxiety than he had expected. Northrop knew all about Tony's flirtation with Lucy Davidson, but it also knew a good deal more about that lady than Tony did, and exculpated him.
** 2016, Douglas Husak, Ignorance of Law, Oxford University Press, page 113:Only a handful of defendants who are ignorant of the law succeed in exculpating themselves on either of the grounds discussed in Part B. […] In the examples to which I will refer, defendants who make mistakes of law are exculpated by denying mens rea—the mechanism I described in Part C through which all defendants are exculpated when they plead ignorance of fact.

#### Synonyms

* absolve
* acquit
* disculpate
* exonerate
* pardon

#### Antonyms

* blame
* condemn
* incriminate
* inculpate
* indict

#### Derived terms

* unexculpated

#### Related terms

* exculpatory
* exculpation

#### Translations
## Spanish
### Verb

exculpate
* second-person singular voseo imperative of exculpar combined with te