# dura
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈdjʊə.ɹə/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈd(j)ʊɹ.ə/
* Rhymes: -ʊəɹə

### Etymology 1

Ellipsis of dura mater.

#### Noun

dura (plural durae)
* (anatomy) Ellipsis of dura mater.

##### Derived terms

* dural
* durectomy
* durotomy

### Etymology 2

Borrowing from Arabic ذُرَة (ḏura, “Indian millet”).

#### Noun

dura (usually uncountable, plural duras)
* Alternative form of durra.
** 1914, Omar Orlando Churchill, Forage and Silage Crops for Oklahoma, page 10:Kafir makes better forage than the duras.

### See also

* pietra dura

### References

* “dura”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* “dura”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

### Anagrams

* urad, Daru, Daur, daur., Adur, duar

## Asturian
### Verb

dura
* third-person singular present indicative of durar
* second-person singular imperative of durar

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈdu.ɾə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈdu.ɾa]

### Verb

dura
* inflection of durar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Dharug
### Noun

dura
* mosquito

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [duːra]

### Noun

dura f sg
* genitive singular of dyr
    uttan dura ― outside the door

## Franco-Provençal
### Adjective

dura
* feminine singular of dur

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dy.ʁa/

### Verb

dura
* third-person singular past historic of durer

### Anagrams

* ardu

## Galician
### Etymology 1
#### Adjective

dura
* feminine singular of duro

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

dura
* inflection of durar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdu.ra/
* Rhymes: -ura
* Hyphenation: dù‧ra

### Etymology 1
#### Adjective

dura f sg
* feminine singular of duro

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

dura
* inflection of durare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* udrà

## Latin
### Adjective

dūra
* inflection of dūrus:
** nominative/vocative feminine singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

### Adjective

dūrā
* ablative feminine singular of dūrus

### Verb

dūrā
* second-person singular present active imperative of dūrō

### References

* dura in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* “dura”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “dura”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

## Lombard
### Alternative forms

* düra (Modern orthography)

### Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

### Pronunciation

* (Milan) IPA: /ˈdyːra/

### Adjective

dura (Classical Milanese orthography)
* singular feminine of dur

## Malay
### Etymology 1

From Sanskrit दूर (dūra).

#### Adjective

dura (Jawi spelling دورا)
* far
    Synonym: jauh

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

#### Adjective

dura (Jawi spelling دورا)
* restless, anxious
    Synonyms: gelisah, runsing

### References

* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “دورا doera”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 128
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “دور dura”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 96
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “dura”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 291

### Further reading

* “dura” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Maltese

* Root
* d-w-r
* 9 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic دَوْرَة (dawra). Doublet of dawra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈduː.ra/

### Noun

dura f (plural duri or duriet)
* a hut used by hunters and birdcatchers as a watching place

## Occitan
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Béarn):(file)

### Adjective

dura
* feminine singular of dur

## Old English
### Noun

dura
* inflection of duru:
** genitive/dative singular
** nominative/accusative/genitive plural

## Old Norse
### Noun

dura
* genitive plural of dyrr

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* (Greater Poland):
** (Kociewie) IPA: /ˈdu.ra/
** (Northern Greater Poland) IPA: /ˈdu.ra/
** (Eastern Greater Poland) IPA: /ˈdu.ra/

### Noun

dura f
* (Northern Greater Poland, Eastern Greater Poland, Malbork) Alternative form of dziura

### Further reading

* Oskar Kolberg (1877) “dura”, in “Rzecz o mowie ludu wielkopolskiego”, in Zbiór wiadomości do antropologii krajowéj (in Polish), volume 1, III (Materyjały etnologiczne), page 33
* Dr Nadmorski (Józef Łęgowski) (1889) “dura”, in “Spis wyrazów właściwych gwarze malborskiej i kociewskiej”, in Wisła. Miesięcznik Geograficzno-Etnograficzny (in Polish), volume 3 z.4, page 744

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdu.ɾɐ/
* Hyphenation: du‧ra
* Rhymes: -uɾɐ

### Adjective

dura
* feminine singular of duro

### Verb

dura
* inflection of durar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /duˈra/
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin dolāre.

#### Verb

a dura (third-person singular present durează, past participle durat) 1st conjugation
* (transitive) to build (a building)
    Synonyms: construi, clădi, zidi
* to make (something)
* to light a fire
    Synonym: aprinde
* (rare) to fashion or smooth wood
    Synonym: ciopli

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French durer, from Latin dūrō, dūrāre.

#### Verb

a dura (third-person singular present durează, past participle durat) 1st conjugation
* (intransitive) to last, endure

##### Related terms

* dur
* îndura

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈduɾa/ [ˈd̪u.ɾa]
* Rhymes: -uɾa
* Syllabification: du‧ra

### Adjective

dura
* feminine singular of duro

### Verb

dura
* inflection of durar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Swahili
### Etymology

From Arabic دُرَّة (durra), a variety of parrot (Psittacus alexandri Linnaeus).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

dura class IX (plural dura class X)
* parrot

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* lura

### Etymology

From earlier variant lura, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ludaq, from Proto-Austronesian *ludaq. Compare Tausug lura' and Malay ludah.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /duˈɾaʔ/ [d̪ʊˈɾaʔ]
* Rhymes: -aʔ
* Syllabification: du‧ra

### Noun

durâ (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜇ)
* spit; sputum; spittle
* spitting (of one's saliva)
    Synonym: pagdura

#### Derived terms

* dumura
* duraan
* pagdura

#### See also

* dahak
* laway
* luwa

### Further reading

* “dura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ludaq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI