# հուն
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Middle Armenian հուն (hun), from Old Armenian հուն (hun), from Proto-Indo-European *pónteh₁s.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /hun/, [hun]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /hun/, [hun]

### Noun

հուն • (hun)
* ford, shallow
    Հունը չգիտցած գետը մտնել։ ― Hunə čʻgitcʻac getə mtnel. ― To enter the river not knowing the ford.
* riverbed
* dried riverbed
* bottom of the sea, lake or river
* way, direction, course
    հունի մեջ դնել ― huni meǰ dnel ― to put into the right order or course, to give an adequate course or direction
    հունի մեջ ընկնել ― huni meǰ ənknel ― to fall onto the right direction, to begin with an ordered work
    հունից հանել ― hunicʻ hanel ― to take out of the right order
* (dialectal) top
    հուն ելնել ― hun elnel ― to vanquish, to surmount (literally, to come up to the top)

#### Declension
### References

* “հուն”, in Žamanakakicʻ hayocʻ lezvi bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, 1969–1980
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 424

## Middle Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian հուն (hun), from Proto-Indo-European *pónteh₁s.

### Noun

հուն • (hun)
* way, direction, course
    ի հուն ելնել ― i hun elnel ― to come to one's senses, to come to reason
    ի հուն հանել ― i hun hanel ― to bring to reason, to bring to senses
* limit, border, end
* top
    ի հուն ելանել ― i hun elanel ― to cope with, succeed in, to come up to the top, to a successful accomplishment
    ի հուն հանել ― i hun hanel ― to cause to succeed

#### Derived terms

* ըստհուն (əsthun)
* հունաւոր (hunawor)
* հունել (hunel)
* ներհուն (nerhun)
* ներհունանամ (nerhunanam)
* ներհունութիւն (nerhunutʻiwn)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: հուն (hun)

### References

* Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “ի հուն ելնել”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “հուն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “հուն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pónteh₁s. See also Georgian ფონი (poni).

### Noun

հուն • (hun)
* ford, shallow
* (as an adjective) shallow
* passage, way
* opening, gap

#### Usage notes

In the compound անհուն (anhun) the word also means ‘bottom, base’. For the sense development compare Latin vadum (“shallow, ford; bottom of the sea”).

#### Derived terms

* անհուն (anhun)

#### Descendants

* Middle Armenian: հուն (hun)
** Armenian: հուն (hun)

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “հուն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, pages 122–123
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “հուն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, pages 468–469
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 422
* Meillet, Antoine (1892) “Notes de phonétique”, in Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 7, page 161 of 161–167
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “հուն”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate‎, PhD dissertation, Leiden University, page 71