# 繁

| 繁 | U+7E41, &#32321; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7E41 |
| ← 繀 [U+7E40] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 繂 → [U+7E42] |
| 繁 | U+FA59, &#64089; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA59 |
| ← 縉 [U+FA58] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 署 → [U+FA5A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

繁 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+11 in Chinese, 糸+10 in Japanese, 17 strokes in Chinese, 16 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人大女戈火 (OKVIF), four-corner 8890$_3$, composition ⿱敏糸)

#### Derived characters

* 㩯, 瀿, 𩎆, 𬹬, 𬪤, 蘩

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 937, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27803
* Dae Jaweon: page 1376, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3444, character 3
* Unihan data for U+7E41
* Unihan data for U+FA59

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 繁 | *baːl, *baːn, *ban |
| 緐 | *ban |
| 蘩 | *ban |
| 瀿 | *ban |
| 瀪 | *bans |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *baːl, *baːn, *ban) : phonetic 敏 (OC *mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ) + semantic 糸 (“silk”)

### Etymology

The same word as 蕃 (OC *ban, “luxuriant; numerous”). See there for more.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fán (fan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faan$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fàn
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hoân
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huang$^5$ / huêng$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fán
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fán
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^2$
*** Yale: fán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farn
*** Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^4$
*** Yale: fàahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fàn
*** Hakka Romanization System: fan$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /fan¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoân
*** Tâi-lô: huân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoaan
*** IPA (Xiamen): /huan²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /huan²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /huan²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: huang$^5$ / huêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâng / huêng
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ⁵⁵/, /hueŋ⁵⁵/
* huang5 - Shantou;
* huêng5 - Chaozhou.
* Middle Chinese: bjon
Rime :
| Character | 繁 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 附袁切 |
| Baxter | bjon |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bʉɐn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bʷiɐn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biuɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buan/ |
| Li Rong | /biuɐn/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭwɐn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯wɐn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | faan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ar/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ban/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 繁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bjon › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b]ar/ |
| English | abundant, numerous |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 繁 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| No. | 2951 |
| Phonetic component | 緐 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 煩 |
| Old Chinese | /*ban/ |
| Notes | 說文作緐 |

#### Definitions

繁
* numerous; many
    繁星 ― fánxīng ― numerous stars
* complicated
    繁體字／繁体字 ― fántǐzì ― traditional Chinese characters
* luxuriant; lush
    繁盛 ― fánshèng ― thriving

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “complicated”): 簡／简 (jiǎn)

#### Compounds

* 人工繁殖
* 冗繁 (rǒngfán)
* 分株繁殖
* 刪繁就簡 / 删繁就简
* 化繁為簡 / 化繁为简 (huàfánwéijiǎn)
* 卷帙浩繁
* 多言繁稱 / 多言繁称
* 實繁有徒 / 实繁有徒
* 急竹繁絲 / 急竹繁丝
* 急管繁絃 / 急管繁弦
* 意謂繁句 / 意谓繁句
* 旌繁
* 春秋繁露
* 有性繁殖
* 枝繁葉茂 / 枝繁叶茂 (zhīfányèmào)
* 根蘗繁殖
* 浩繁 (hàofán)
* 演繁露
* 生齒日繁 / 生齿日繁 (shēngchǐrìfán)
* 紛繁 / 纷繁 (fēnfán)
* 繁冗 (fánrǒng)
* 繁分數 / 繁分数
* 繁刑重斂 / 繁刑重敛
* 繁刑重賦 / 繁刑重赋
* 繁劇 / 繁剧
* 繁博
* 繁句
* 繁囂 / 繁嚣
* 繁多 (fánduō)
* 繁密 (fánmì)
* 繁富 (fánfù)
* 繁弦急管
* 繁弱
* 繁忙 (fánmáng)
* 繁文末節 / 繁文末节
* 繁文縟禮 / 繁文缛礼
* 繁文縟節 / 繁文缛节
* 繁昌 (fánchāng)
* 繁星 (fánxīng)
* 繁暑
* 繁有徒
* 繁榮 / 繁荣 (fánróng)
* 繁榮富強 / 繁荣富强
* 繁榮昌盛 / 繁荣昌盛
* 繁殖 (fánzhí)
* 繁瑣 / 繁琐 (fánsuǒ)
* 繁盛 (fánshèng)
* 繁禮多儀 / 繁礼多仪
* 繁細 / 繁细 (fánxì)
* 繁絲急管 / 繁丝急管
* 繁縟 / 繁缛
* 繁纓 / 繁缨
* 繁缺
* 繁育 (fányù)
* 繁臺 / 繁台
* 繁花錦簇 / 繁花锦簇
* 繁茂 (fánmào)
* 繁華 / 繁华 (fánhuá)
* 繁華世界 / 繁华世界
* 繁華損枝 / 繁华损枝
* 繁蕪 / 繁芜
* 繁衍 (fányǎn)
* 繁複 / 繁复 (fánfù)
* 繁言吝嗇 / 繁言吝啬
* 繁賾 / 繁赜
* 繁重 (fánzhòng)
* 繁雜 / 繁杂 (fánzá)
* 繁難 / 繁难 (fánnán)
* 繁露
* 繁體 / 繁体 (fántǐ)
* 繁體字 / 繁体字 (fántǐzì)
* 繁麗 / 繁丽
* 舉要治繁 / 举要治繁
* 芟繁就簡 / 芟繁就简
* 葉塊繁殖 / 叶块繁殖
* 豐繁 / 丰繁 (fēngfán)
* 頻繁 / 频繁 (pínfán)
* 食指浩繁

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 繁(はん) (han)
* → Korean: 번(繁) (beon)
* → Vietnamese: phồn (繁)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pó (po$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pó
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pó
*** Wade–Giles: pʻo$^2$
*** Yale: pwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: por
*** Palladius: по (po)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: ba
Rime :
| Character | 繁 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 薄波切 |
| Baxter | ba |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /buɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /buɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /buɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bwa/ |
| Li Rong | /buɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /buɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱuɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | po$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*baːl/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 繁 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| No. | 2945 |
| Phonetic component | 緐 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 婆 |
| Old Chinese | /*baːl/ |
| Notes | 見爾雅 |

#### Definitions

繁
* Alternative form of 皤 (pó, “white”)
* a surname
* Only used in 繁塔 and 繁台

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pán (pan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pán
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pán
*** Wade–Giles: pʻan$^2$
*** Yale: pán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parn
*** Palladius: пань (panʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰän³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: ban
Rime :
| Character | 繁 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 薄官切 |
| Baxter | ban |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /buɑn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bʷɑn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /buɑn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bwan/ |
| Li Rong | /buɑn/ |
| Wang Li | /buɑn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱuɑn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*baːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 繁 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 2946 |
| Phonetic component | 緐 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 槃 |
| Old Chinese | /*baːn/ |

#### Definitions

繁
* Alternative form of 鞶 (pán)

### Pronunciation 4

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mǐn (min$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄣˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mǐn
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mǐn
*** Wade–Giles: min$^3$
*** Yale: mǐn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miin
*** Palladius: минь (minʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /min²¹⁴/

#### Definitions

繁
* Alternative form of 敏 (mǐn)
* Used in 繁鳥／繁鸟.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 繁 |
| Kyūjitai | 繁 &#xFA59; or 繁+&#xFE00; |
| Kyūjitai | 繁󠄁 繁+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 繁󠄃 繁+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 繁)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ばん (ban)、ぼん (bon)
* Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
* Kun: しげる (shigeru, 繁る)、しげし (shigeshi, 繁し)
* Nanori: えだ (eda)、しげ (shige)、しげる (shigeru)、とし (toshi)

#### Compounds

* 繁(しじ)根(ね) (shijine)
* 繁吹(しぶ)く (shibuku)
* 繁桟(こみざん) (komizan)
* 繁縷(ハコベ) (hakobe), 繁縷(はこべら) (hakobera)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 繁
* はん Grade: S
* kan'on
* Alternative spelling
* 繁 (kyūjitai)
From Middle Chinese 繁 (MC bjon).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はん [háꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [hã̠ɴ]

#### Affix

繁(はん) • (han)
* flourishing, luxuriant, heavy or dense (of foliage)
* rich, prosperous
* rhythm, regularity
* complication, difficulty
* cumbersome, troublesome

##### Derived terms

* 繁(はん)委(い) (han'i)
* 繁(はん)蔚(い) (han'i)
* 繁(はん)育(いく) (han'iku) (蕃(はん)育(いく))
* 繁(はん)陰(いん) (han'in)
* 繁(はん)蔚(うつ) (han'utsu)
* 繁(はん)雲(うん) (han'un)
* 繁(はん)英(えい) (han'ei)
* 繁(はん)栄(えい) (han'ei)
* 繁(はん)纓(えい) (han'ei)
* 繁(はん)翳(えい) (han'ei)
* 繁(はん)衍(えん) (han'en)
* 繁(はん)音(おん) (han'on)
* 繁(はん)柯(か) (hanka)
* 繁(はん)科(か) (hanka)
* 繁(はん)苛(か) (hanka)
* 繁(はん)夥(か) (hanka)
* 繁(はん)華(か) (hanka)
* 繁(はん)会(かい) (hankai)
* 繁(はん)簡(かん) (hankan) (煩(はん)簡(かん))
* 繁(はん)翰(かん) (hankan)
* 繁(はん)詭(き) (hanki)
* 繁(はん)刑(けい) (hankei)
* 繁(はん)劇(げき) (hangeki) (煩(はん)劇(げき))
* 繁(はん)絃(げん) (hangen)
* 繁(はん)言(げん) (hangen)
* 繁(はん)減(げん) (hangen)
* 繁(はん)興(こう) (hankō)
* 繁(はん)瑣(さ) (hansa)
* 繁(はん)砕(さい) (hansai)
* 繁(はん)采(さい) (hansai)
* 繁(はん)細(さい) (hansai) (煩(はん)細(さい))
* 繁(はん)錯(さく) (hansaku)
* 繁(はん)雑(ざつ) (hanzatsu) (煩(はん)雑(ざつ))
* 繁(はん)侈(し) (hanshi)
* 繁(はん)枝(し) (hanshi)
* 繁(はん)祉(し) (hanshi)
* 繁(はん)姿(し) (hanshi)
* 繁(はん)詞(し) (hanshi)
* 繁(はん)熾(し) (hanshi)
* 繁(はん)滋(じ) (hanji)
* 繁(はん)辞(じ) (hanji) (煩(はん)辞(じ))
* 繁(はん)庶(しょ) (hansho)
* 繁(はん)暑(しょ) (hansho)
* 繁(はん)冗(じょう) (hanjō) (煩(はん)冗(じょう))
* 繁(はん)条(じょう) (hanjō)
* 繁(はん)盛(じょう), 繁(はん)昌(じょう) (hanjō)
* 繁(はん)擾(じょう) (hanjō)
* 繁(はん)穠(じょう) (hanjō)
* 繁(はん)殖(しょく) (hanshoku)
* 繁(はん)飾(しょく) (hanshoku)
* 繁(はん)縟(じょく) (hanjoku) (煩(はん)縟(じょく))
* 繁(はん)声(せい) (hansei)
* 繁(はん)省(せい) (hansei)
* 繁(はん)盛(せい) (hansei)
* 繁(はん)説(せつ) (hansetsu)
* 繁(はん)節(せつ) (hansetsu)
* 繁(はん)戦(せん) (hansen)
* 繁(はん)然(ぜん) (hanzen)
* 繁(はん)湊(そう) (hansō)
* 繁(はん)霜(そう) (hansō)
* 繁(はん)息(そく) (hansoku)
* 繁(はん)多(た) (hanta) (煩(はん)多(た))
* 繁(はん)沢(たく) (hantaku)
* 繁(はん)稠(ちゅう) (hanchū)
* 繁(はん)農(のう) (hannō)
* 繁(はん)葩(ぱ) (hanpa)
* 繁(はん)費(ぴ) (hanpi)
* 繁(はん)蕪(ぶ) (hanbu)
* 繁(はん)廡(ぶ) (hanbu)
* 繁(はん)誣(ぷ) (hanpu)
* 繁(はん)阜(ぷ) (hanpu)
* 繁(はん)富(ぷ) (hanpu)
* 繁(はん)文(ぶん) (hanbun) (煩(はん)文(ぶん))
* 繁(はん)分(ぶん)数(すう) (hanbunsū)
* 繁(はん)紊(ぼう) (hanbō)
* 繁(はん)忙(ぼう) (hanbō)
* 繁(はん)法(ぼう) (hanbō)
* 繁(はん)木(ぼく) (hanboku)
* 繁(はん)漫(まん) (hanman)
* 繁(はん)密(みつ) (hanmitsu)
* 繁(はん)務(む) (hanmu)
* 繁(はん)茂(も) (hanmo)
* 繁(はん)約(やく) (han'yaku)
* 繁(はん)憂(ゆう) (han'yū)
* 繁(はん)用(よう) (han'yō)
* 繁(はん)乱(らん) (hanran) (煩(はん)乱(らん))
* 繁(はん)慮(りょ) (hanryo)
* 繁(はん)林(りん) (hanrin)
* 繁(はん)礼(れい) (hanrei) (煩(はん)礼(れい))
* 繁(はん)麗(れい) (hanrei)
* 繁(はん)露(ろ) (hanro)
* 繁(はん)猥(わい) (hanwai)
* 陰繁
* 華(か)繁(はん) (kahan)
* 楽(がく)繁(はん) (gakuhan)
* 劇(げき)繁(はん) (gekihan)
* 喧繁
* 言繁
* 弦繁
* 獄(ごく)繁(はん) (gokuhan)
* 最(さい)繁(はん)時(じ) (saihanji)
* 事(じ)繁(はん) (jihan)
* 滋(じ)繁(はん) (jihan)
* 庶(しょ)繁(はん) (shohan)
* 昌繁
* 穠(じょう)繁(はん) (jōhan)
* 世繁
* 声(せい)繁(はん) (seihan)
* 旌(せい)繁(はん) (seihan)
* 農(のう)繁(はん) (nōhan)
* 頻(ひん)繁(ぱん) (hinpan)
* 物繁
* 文繁
* 礼(れい)繁(はん) (reihan)
* 労(ろう)繁(はん) (rōhan)

#### Noun

繁(はん) • (han)
* a flourish, luxuriance

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 繁
* しげ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 繁 (kyūjitai)
⟨sige$_2$⟩ → */siᵑɡəɨ/ → /ɕiɡe/
From Old Japanese.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕiɡe̞]

#### Noun

繁(しげ) • (shige)
* (archaic, obsolete) a copse, thicket
* (archaic, obsolete) a repeat, frequency

##### Derived terms

* 繁(しげ)繁(しげ) (shigeshige)
* 繁(しげ)い (shigei)
* 茂(しげ)み (shigemi)
* 茂(しげ)る (shigeru)
* 繁(しげ)金(かな)物(もの) (shigekanamono)
* 繁(しげ)繁(しげ)し (shigeshigeshi)
* 繁(しげ)太(た) (Shigeta)
* 繁(しげ)垂(だる)木(き) (shigedaruki)
* 繁(しげ)縫(ぬ)い (shigenui)
* 繁(しげ)菱(びし) (shigebishi)
* 繁(しげ)骨(ぼね) (shigebone)
* 繁(しげ)目(め)結(ゆ)い (shigemeyui)
* 繁(しげ)文(もん) (shigemon)
* 繁(しげ)山(やま) (shigeyama)
* 事(こと)繁(しげ) (kotoshige)
* 縦(たて)繁(しげ) (tateshige)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 繁
* しげ(る) Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 繁 (kyūjitai)
Nominalization of verb 茂る (shigeru, “to grow thick, be luxuriant”).

#### Proper noun

繁(しげる) • (Shigeru)
* a male given name

### References

* ↑ “繁”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “繁”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎ (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1682 (paper), page 893 (digital)
* ↑ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 954 (paper), page 490 (digital)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 繁 (MC bjon|ban|ba).

### Hanja

繁 (eumhun 번성할 번 (beonseonghal beon))
* hanja form of 번 (“complicated, complex, difficult”)
* hanja form of 번 (“thicket, foliage”)
* hanja form of 번 (“luxurious, lush, flourishing”)
繁 (eumhun 뱃대끈 반 (baetdaekkeun ban))
* hanja form of 반 (“cinch, saddle girth, sash”)
繁 (eumhun 흴 파 (huil pa))
* hanja form of 파 (“white”)

## Old Japanese
### Etymology 1

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From Proto-Japonic *senkay?”

#### Noun

繁 (sige$_2$) (kana しげ)
* a copse, thicket

##### Derived terms

* 繁し (sige$_2$si, adjective)
* 茂み (sige$_2$mi$_1$, noun)
* 茂る (sige$_2$ru, verb)
* 繁道 (sige$_2$di)
* 繁山 (sige$_2$yama)

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 繁 (shige)

### Etymology 2

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From Proto-Japonic *sensi?”

#### Noun

繁 (sizi) (kana しじ)
* flourish, luxuriance, overgrowth
* large in quantity, tight pack

##### Derived terms

* 繁に (sizi ni)
* 繁貫く (sizinuku)

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 繁根 (shijine)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

繁: Hán Nôm readings: phồn, phiền
* many; numerous