OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ausdruck
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʔaʊ̯sdʁʊk]
* Audio (Berlin):(file)
* Audio (Austria):(file)

### Etymology 1

Backformation from ausdrücken (“to express”), itself a calque of Latin exprimō. Analysable as aus- (“out”) +‎ Druck (“pressing, pressure”).

#### Noun

Ausdruck m (strong, genitive Ausdruckes or Ausdrucks, plural Ausdrücke)
* expression, term
* diction
* expression, manifestation
    (Meinung/Idee, etc) zum Ausdruck bringen. ― to express (opinion, idea, etc).
* (uncountable) manner

##### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

##### Derived terms

* arithmetischer Ausdruck
* Ausdruckart
* Ausdrucksmittel
* Ausdrucksmöglichkeit
* ausdrucksstark
* Ausdrucksstärke
* Ausdrucksvielfalt
* Ausdrucksweise
* Fachausdruck
* Gefühlsausdruck
* Gesichtsausdruck
* mündlicher Ausdruck
* schriftlicher Ausdruck
* zum Ausdruck kommen

##### Related terms

* ausdrücken (“to express”)

### Etymology 2

Backformation from ausdrucken (“to print out”). Analysable as aus- (“out”) +‎ Druck (“print, printing”).

#### Noun

Ausdruck m (strong, genitive Ausdruckes or Ausdrucks, plural Ausdrucke)
* printout

##### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

##### Derived terms

* Bildausdruck
* Farbausdruck
* Fotoausdruck
* Schwarzweißausdruck
* Textausdruck

##### Related terms

* Ausdrucker
* Ausdruckgerät
* Ausdruckgeschwindigkeit
* Ausdruckmöglichkeit
* Ausdruckschärfe
* Ausdruckstärke

### Further reading

* “Ausdruck” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Ausdruck” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Ausdruck” in Duden online
* “Ausdruck” in Duden online
# usli
## Icelandic
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

usli m (genitive singular usla, nominative plural uslar)
* damage
    Synonyms: grand, mein, ógagn, skaði, skaðræði, tap, tjón, voði

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “usli” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔusˈliʔ/ [ʔʊsˈliʔ]
* Rhymes: -iʔ
* Syllabification: us‧li

### Noun

uslî (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜐ᜔ᜎᜒ)
* protrusion; sticking out; poking out (from a hole, socket, etc.)
    Synonyms: pag-usli, luwa, pagluwa, ulwa, pag-ulwa
* part that is protruding or sticking out
* condition of having a part jutting out

#### Derived terms

* iusli
* kauslian
* nakausli
* pag-usli
* pagkausli
* pausliin
* umusli
* uslian

### Adjective

uslî (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜐ᜔ᜎᜒ)
* protruding; having a part that is sticking out
    Synonyms: luwa, nakaluwa, ulwa, nakaulwa

### Further reading

* “usli”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* Luis
# ceruloplasmina
## Italian
### Noun

ceruloplasmina f (plural ceruloplasmine)
* (biochemistry) ceruloplasmin

## Portuguese
### Noun

ceruloplasmina f (plural ceruloplasminas)
* (biochemistry) ceruloplasmin

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English ceruloplasmin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /θeɾuloplasˈmina/ [θe.ɾu.lo.plazˈmi.na]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /seɾuloplasˈmina/ [se.ɾu.lo.plazˈmi.na]
* Rhymes: -ina
* Syllabification: ce‧ru‧lo‧plas‧mi‧na

### Noun

ceruloplasmina f (plural ceruloplasminas)
* (biochemistry) ceruloplasmin

#### Derived terms

* ceruloplasminemia
# lở
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ləː˧˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ləː˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ləː˨˩˦]

### Etymology 1
#### Verb

lở
* (coastal Northern Vietnam, likely obsolete) Alternative form of trở (“to turn, to change”)
** 1915, Synodo Tunquinensé. Công đồng hội lần thứ nhất. Miền Bắc Kỳ (Đàng Ngoài trong nước Annam), năm 1900., II edition:Khi mọi việc đã lọn thì các đấng Vítvồ đã ôm lấy nhau trong tay Đức Chúa Lời chúc mọi sự lành cho nhau, rồi lở về nơi mình bằng yên.Once everything is entirely done, the bishops embraced each other in our Lord in Heaven's grace and wished each other all the best, they then returned safely to their own dwelling.

### Etymology 2

Might be simply a semantic extension/semantic alteration of the etymology above. If this is indeed true, this word has the same origin as giở (“to turn over, to unfold”) and trở (“to turn”); these three forms would be from three dialectal areas (giở from inland Northern Vietnam, lở from coastal Northern Vietnam, and trở is the Central-Southern form), but had all entered modern written Vietnamese, albeit with altered semantics.

#### Verb

lở • (呂, 𪡉, 𡋿, 𣳮, 𨹬, 𥓅, 㾔)
* to break up and fall down; to tumble down; to crumble; to collapse
* to have a pustular skin eruption, especially one that is painful and itchy

##### See also

* chốc lở
* ghẻ lở
* lở đất
* lở loét
* lở tuyết
* miệng ăn núi lở
# senpeka
## Esperanto
### Etymology

From sen- +‎ peko (“fault, sin”) +‎ -a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [senˈpeka]
* Rhymes: -eka
* Hyphenation: sen‧pe‧ka

### Adjective

senpeka (accusative singular senpekan, plural senpekaj, accusative plural senpekajn)
* innocent, sinless
* flawless
** 2013 July, Carlo Minnaja, “Ne trudu, ne mortigu ...”, in Monato, volume 34, number 7, →ISSN, page 17:La esperanta traduko, aperinta okaze de la kvindekjara jubileo de la unua pac-marŝo, estas senpeka.The Esperanto translation, which appeared for the fiftieth anniversary of the first peace march, is flawless.
# jornar
## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from French jour, Italian giorno, from Latin diurnus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʒorˈnar/, /d͡ʒorˈnar/

### Verb

jornar (present tense jornas, past tense jornis, future tense jornos, imperative jornez, conditional jornus)
* (intransitive) to be daytime
    Antonym: noktar

#### Derived terms

* jornala (“daily, diurnal”, adjective)
* jorne (“by daytime, at daytime”, adverb)
* jorneskar (“to become daytime”)
* jornesko (“sunrise”)
* jorno (“daytime”)
# öngörü
## Turkish
### Etymology

From ön- (“front, before”) +‎ görü (“sight”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈœnɟœɾʏ/, [ˈø̞n̪.ɟø̞.ɾ̞ʏ]
* Rhymes: -œnɟœɾʏ
* Hyphenation: ön‧gö‧rü

### Noun

öngörü (definite accusative öngörüyü, plural öngörüler)
* prediction
    Synonyms: sağgörü, basiret, uzgörü
    Öngörülerimin hepsi doğru çıktıAll of my predictions turned out to be true

#### Related terms

* öngörmek

### References

* “öngörü”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “öngörü”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# ഈഴം
## Malayalam
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *īẓam. Cognate to Tamil ஈழம் (īḻam).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iːɻɐm/

### Proper noun

ഈഴം • (īḻaṁ)
* Sri Lanka (a country in South Asia)

#### Derived terms

* ഈഴവർ (īḻavaṟ)

### References

* Godavarma, K. (1946) “ഈഴം”, in Indo-Aryan loanwords in Malayalam, Thiruvanathapuram: Head of department of Malayalam, page 13
* Kailash Nath (2019) “ഈഴം”, in “Olam” Kailash Nath's Malayalam → English dictionary
# talna
## Ilocano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: tal‧na
* IPA: /ˈtalna/

### Noun

talna
* peace; tranquility; serenity; calmness

#### Derived terms

* natalna
# clival
## English
### Etymology

From clivus +‎ -al.

### Adjective

clival (not comparable)
* (anatomy) Relating to the clivus.

#### Derived terms

* paraclival
* petroclival
* retroclival
* transclival

### Anagrams

* Cavill
# lẫn
## Vietnamese
### Alternative forms

* (Northern Vietnam) lữn

### Etymology

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 亂 (SV: loạn)?”

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [lən˦ˀ˥]
* (Huế) IPA: [ləŋ˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ləŋ˨˩˦]

### Verb

lẫn
* to confuse; to mistake (one for another)
* to be confused; to be muddled; to be in one's dotage
* to be mixed up (with)

#### Derived terms

* lẫn lộn
* nhầm lẫn

### Adverb

lẫn
* each other; one another

### Conjunction

lẫn
* (cả … lẫn …) (both …) and …
# inconsistency
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌɪnkənˈsɪst(ə)nsi/
* (General American) IPA: /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/
* Audio (Mid-Atlantic US):(file)

### Noun

inconsistency (countable and uncountable, plural inconsistencies)
* The state of being inconsistent.
** 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, pages 4–5:It was a strange inconsistency, but never till then had I been so much struck with the worthless and frivolous life of society. Never till then did I feel the deep and eternal debt of gratitude that human nature owes to those who assert its higher influence; who feel their generous activity stirred by a thrice noble emulation; who appeal from the present to the future, and redeem their kind, by shewing of how much that is good and great ambition and genius are capable.
* (logic) An incompatibility between two propositions that cannot both be true.

#### Synonyms

* contrariety
* deviation
* difference
* disagreement
* disparity
* disproportion
* disproportionateness
* dissimilarity
* dissonance
* divergence
* incongruity
* inconsonance
* inequality
* paradox
* unlikeness
* variance

#### Antonyms

* consistency

#### Derived terms

* dynamic inconsistency
* time inconsistency
# sinyalir
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch signaleer, signaleren, from Old French segnal, from Medieval Latin signale, from Late Latin signālis, from Latin signum. Doublet of sein and sinyal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [si.ˈɲa.lɪr]
* Hyphenation: si‧nya‧lir

### Verb

sinyalir (base/imperative sinyalir, active menyinyalir, ordinary passive disinyalir, adversative passive tersinyalir)
* to warn to pay attention to something
    Synonym: memperingatkan

#### Derived terms

* disinyalir
* menyinyalir
* tersinyalir

### Further reading

* “sinyalir” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# bokabularyo
## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vocabulario, borrowed from Late Latin vocabularium.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: bo‧ka‧bu‧lar‧yo
* IPA: /bokabuˈlaɾjo/ [bo.kɐ.bʊˈl̪aɾ̪.jo]

### Noun

bokabularyo
* vocabulary

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

From Spanish vocabulario.

### Noun

bokabuláryo
* vocabulary

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* bukabularyo

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vocabulario, from Late Latin vocabularium.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /bokabuˈlaɾjo/ [bo.xɐ.bʊˈlaɾ.jo]
* Rhymes: -aɾjo
* Syllabification: bo‧ka‧bu‧lar‧yo

### Noun

bokabularyo (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜃᜊᜓᜎᜇ᜔ᜌᜓ)
* vocabulary
    Synonyms: talasalitaan, talahuluganan

#### Related terms

* bokablo

### Further reading

* “bokabularyo”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “bokabularyo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# Kwiatkowski
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Polish Kwiatkowski.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (US) /kwaɪətˈkaʊski/

### Proper noun

Kwiatkowski (plural Kwiatkowskis)
* A surname from Polish.

#### Derived terms

* Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin test

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Kwiatkowski is the 5457th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 6377 individuals. Kwiatkowski is most common among White (96.27%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Kwiatkowski”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 370.

## German
### Etymology

From Polish Kwiatkowski.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kvi.atˈkɔfs.ki/

### Proper noun

Kwiatkowski m or f (proper noun, strong, genitive Kwiatkowskis or (with an article) Kwiatkowski, plural Kwiatkowskis or Kwiatkowski)
* a surname

#### Declension

$^1$With an article.

## Polish
### Etymology

From Kwiatków or Kwiatkowo (place names) + -ski. Place names from kwiatek (“flower”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kfjatˈkɔf.ski/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔfski
* Syllabification: Kwiat‧kow‧ski

### Proper noun

Kwiatkowski m pers (feminine form Kwiatkowska)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Kwiatkowski”, in Internetowy słownik nazwisk w Polsce [Internet dictionary of surnames in Poland], 2022
# ŋ⁵⁵
## A'ou
### Alternative forms

* ŋ³⁵ (Hongfeng)

### Noun

ŋ⁵⁵
* (Hongfeng) water

### References

* He Yancheng [何彦诚], Sketch of Hongfeng Gelao [红丰仡佬语概况], (2008, Minzu Yuwen), ABVD, explicitly noted as differing from Zhou's transcription (which was ŋ³⁵)

## Pela
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ŋ⁵⁵/, [ŋ⁵⁵] ~ [ŋŋ̍⁵⁵]

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Jingpho ngu (“to say; quotative particle”), possibly via Zaiwa ngvu. Compare with Lhao Vo ein꞉.

#### Verb

ŋ⁵⁵
* to say
    Synonym: ti̠³⁵
* to think (that), to consider (that)
    Synonyms: mjɔt³¹, sɔn³⁵
    ŋa⁵⁵ ŋ³¹ ʒɛ³¹, jɔ̃³¹ njɔ̠̃³¹ na̠u̠ŋ⁵⁵ ɛʔ⁵⁵ i³¹ nji³¹ kɔ̠n³¹ nau⁵¹ a³⁵.It seems to me (lit. I think) that he wants to have fun with us.
* to be (thus)
    Synonym: ŋɔ̠t⁵⁵
    a³¹ su⁵⁵ a³¹ ŋ⁵⁵It is not like that.

##### Derived terms

* ŋ⁵⁵ jaŋ³¹ (“for; in order to”)

### Etymology 2

Grammaticalised from Etymology 1.

#### Particle

ŋ⁵⁵
* (used with a first person subject) quotative marker, similar to that in English
    ŋa⁵⁵ jɔ̃³¹ ʒɛ³¹ ja̠p⁵⁵ ta̠³¹ nə̆ vɛ³¹ ŋ³¹ tə̠i³⁵ vɛ³¹.I told him that I was already about to sleep.
    ŋa⁵⁵ a³¹ nɔ̃⁵⁵ pji³¹.njɛ³¹ a⁵⁵ lauʔ⁵¹ ŋ⁵⁵.I thought that it was you who graduates.

##### Usage notes

The verb of utterance is usually omitted. For quotations from someone else other than the current speaker, kɛ³⁵ is used instead.
    pɛ̠⁵⁵ tʃuŋ⁵¹ kɛ³¹ ɔ⁵¹? ― What did you say?
    jɔ̃³¹ na̠u̠ŋ⁵⁵ lai³¹ nə̆ vŭ ka̠³⁵ kɛ³¹. ― They say that they are already coming.

### References

* Dai Qingxia, Jiang Ying, Kong Zhien, A Study of Pela Language (2007; Publishing House of Minority Nationalities, Beijing)
# ասֆալտ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Russian асфа́льт (asfálʹt).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɑsˈfɑlt/, [ɑsfɑ́lt]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ɑsˈfɑld/, [ɑsfɑ́ld]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

ասֆալտ • (asfalt)
* asphalt (sticky, black and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid)
* asphalt concrete

#### Derived terms

* ասֆալտային (asfaltayin)
* ասֆալտապատ (asfaltapat)
* ասֆալտապատել (asfaltapatel)
* ասֆալտապատում (asfaltapatum)
* ասֆալտե (asfalte)
* ասֆալտել (asfaltel)
* ասֆալտուղի (asfaltuġi)
* ասֆալտում (asfaltum)
# traumatizar
## Galician
### Verb

traumatizar (first-person singular present traumatizo, first-person singular preterite traumaticei, past participle traumatizado)
* (transitive) to traumatize

#### Related terms

* trauma

### Further reading

* “traumatizar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek τραυματίζειν (traumatízein).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /tɾaumatiˈθaɾ/ [t̪ɾau̯.ma.t̪iˈθaɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /tɾaumatiˈsaɾ/ [t̪ɾau̯.ma.t̪iˈsaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: trau‧ma‧ti‧zar

### Verb

traumatizar (first-person singular present traumatizo, first-person singular preterite traumaticé, past participle traumatizado)
* (transitive) to traumatize
** 2009 June 16, “CPI juzgará a ex vicepresidente congolés”, in BBC Mundo‎:[E]l fiscal de la CPI dijo que Bemba pretendía "traumatizar y aterrorizar a la población civil".[T]he ICC prosecutor said that Bemba intended "to tramatize and terrorize the civil population".

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* traumatizante

#### Related terms

* trauma

### Further reading

* “traumatizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# bách thảo
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 百草.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɓajk̟̚˧˦ tʰaːw˧˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɓat̚˦˧˥ tʰaːw˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɓat̚˦˥ tʰaːw˨˩˦]
* Audio (Hà Nội):(file)

### Noun

bách thảo
* (usually in compounds) plants (as a whole)

#### Derived terms

* vườn bách thảo
# urzewniać
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* urzéwniać (Far Masovian)

### Etymology

From u- +‎ rzewny +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* (Greater Poland):
** (Chełmno-Dobrzyń) IPA: /uˈʐɛv.ɲat͡ɕ/
** (Kuyavia) IPA: /uˈʐɛv.ɲat͡ɕ/

### Verb

urzewniać impf
* (reflexive with się, Kuyavia) to be poor
* (reflexive with się, Kuyavia, Chełmno-Dobrzyń) to complain

### Further reading

* Józef Bliziński (1860) “urzewniać”, in Abecadłowy spis wyrazów języka ludowego w Kujawach i Galicyi Zachodniej (in Polish), Warszawa, page 632
* Oskar Kolberg (1867) “urzewniać”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 278
* Gustaw Pobłocki (1887) “urzewniać”, in Słownik kaszubski z dodatkiem idyotyzmów chełmińskich i kociewskich (in Polish), 2 edition, Chełmno, page 144
* Władysław Matlakowski (1892) “urzewniać”, in Słownik wyrazów ludowych zebranych w Czerskiem i na Kujawach (in Polish), Kraków: nakł. Akademii Umiejętności; Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego pod zarządem A. M. Kosterkiewicza, page 18
# o hâlde
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish او حالده (o ḥalde), from او (o) and حال (ḥal), equivalent to o (demonstrative determiner "that") +‎ hâl (“state, situation, circumstance”) +‎ -de (locative suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈo.hal.de/
* Hyphenation: o‧hâl‧de

### Adverb

o hâlde
* then, in that case
    Synonyms: öyleyse, o zaman

#### Related terms

* derhâl
* hâlâ
* hâlihazırda
* hemhâl
* her hâlükârda
* herhâlde

### References

* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “او حالده”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 493
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “o”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hal¹”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “o hâlde”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “o hâlde”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3579
# marmol
## Chavacano
### Etymology

Inherited from Spanish mármol.

### Noun

marmol
* marble

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish mármol (“marble”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /maɾˈmol/ [mɐɾˈmol], /ˈmaɾmol/ [ˈmaɾ.mol]
* Rhymes: -ol, -aɾmol
* Syllabification: mar‧mol

### Noun

marmól or marmol (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜇ᜔ᜋᜓᜎ᜔) (geology)
* marble (crystalline limestone)

#### Related terms

* marmoleriya

#### See also

* batong-buhay
* holen

### Further reading

* “marmol”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# sinsay
## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /sinˈsaj/ [sɪn̪ˈsaɪ̯]
* Rhymes: -aj
* Syllabification: sin‧say

### Adjective

sinsáy (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜌ᜔)
* erroneous; wrong; mistaken
    Synonyms: mali, lisya
* deviating; deflected (from the right path or direction)
    Synonyms: lihis, nalilihis
* contrary; opposed; against
    Synonyms: labag, nalalabag, laban, nalalaban

#### Derived terms

* sinsayan
* suminsay

### Noun

sinsáy (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜌ᜔)
* deviation; deflection (from the right path or direction)
    Synonyms: lihis, paglihis
* violation (of rules, regulations, etc.)
    Synonyms: labag, paglabag
* dropping by at someone's place for a short time on the way to another place
# Sm.
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Sm.
* (taxonomy, biology, botany) Abbreviation of Smith (“surname”).

#### Usage notes

This is used in combination with the initials of the person's given name, for form standard botanical author abbreviations.

#### Derived terms

* A.C.Sm.
* A.M.Sm.
* C.A.Sm.
* G.J.D.Sm.
* G.M.Sm.
* L.B.Sm.
* M.Sm.
* R.M.Sm.

### Further reading

* (Smith): List of taxonomic authorities named Smith on Wikipedia.Wikipedia (English Wikipedia)
# baktericid
## Czech
### Noun

baktericid m inan
* bactericide

#### Derived terms

* baktericidně
* baktericidní
* baktericidnost f
# bừng
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɓɨŋ˨˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɓɨŋ˦˩]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɓɨŋ˨˩]

### Verb

bừng • (𪹚, 𬊠, 平) (reduplication bừng bừng)
* to suddenly flare up; to flush up; to burst out ebulliently; to brighten up
* to wake up suddenly

#### Derived terms

* đỏ bừng
* tưng bừng
# tartness
## English
### Alternative forms

* tartnesse (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English *tartnesse, from Old English teartnes (“sharpness, severity, asperity”), equivalent to tart +‎ -ness.

### Noun

tartness (countable and uncountable, plural tartnesses)
* The characteristic of being tart; sharpness of taste.
    Synonyms: sourness, bitterness

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* rat's nest
# adı üstünde
## Turkish
### Etymology

From ad (“name, title”) +‎ -ı (possessive suffix) +‎ üst (“top, upper”) +‎ -ü (possessive suffix) +‎ -(n)de (locative suffix with "n" as buffer consonant), literally “its name is on it”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈdɯ.ys.tyn.de/
* Hyphenation: a‧dı‧üs‧tün‧de

### Adverb

adı üstünde
* Used to indicate that the name of a thing is self-explanatory or self-describing, that it suggests the qualities or attributes it displays.
    Çünkü adı üstünde o bir çocuk ve çocuk gibi gördüğünü yapar. ― Because he is, as the name suggests, a child and does what he sees as a child would.
    İstisnalar elbette vardır, ama adı üstünde onlar birer istisnadır. ― Exceptions indeed exist, but, as their name would suggest, they are exceptions.
** 2023 April 2, ‘Özel hayatımı deşifre etmeyi sevmiyorum, adı üstünde özel’‎, İstanbul: Hürriyet:Bilmeniz gerektiği kadarını biliyorsunuz işte. Yaptığım işler, ailem... Özel hayatımı deşifre etmeyi sevmiyorum, adı üstünde özel. Bu bilinçli bir tercih.You know as much as you need to know, anyways. The work I do, my family... I don't like exposing my private life, it's in the name, private. This is a conscious choice.

#### Related terms

* ad yapmak
* adı çıkmak
* adını anmak
* kendi adına
* soyadı
* takma ad

### Further reading

* “adı üstünde”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “adı üstünde”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 106
# eksaherado
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Spanish exagerado.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ek‧sa‧he‧ra‧do

### Adjective

eksaherado
* exaggerated

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish exagerado.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔeksaheˈɾado/ [ʔɛk.sɐ.hɛˈɾaː.d̪o]
* Rhymes: -ado
* Syllabification: ek‧sa‧he‧ra‧do

### Adjective

eksaherado (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜃ᜔ᜐᜑᜒᜇᜇᜓ)
* exaggerated

#### Related terms

* exag

### Further reading

* “eksaherado”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# singaw
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* sing̃ao — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *səŋ(ə)qaw (“vapor, steam”). Compare Ilocano sengngaw, Bikol Central sangaw, Maranao sengaw, Tausug sungaw, and Malay sengau.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /siˈŋaw/ [sɪˈŋaʊ̯]
* Rhymes: -aw
* Syllabification: si‧ngaw

### Noun

singáw (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜅᜏ᜔)
* vapor; steam (from boiling water)
* fumes; (from a machine, etc.)
* evaporation of vapor from the ground
    Synonyms: alimuom, alingasaw
* waft; puff of air
* leakage of air or gas (as from an airtight container)
* (pathology) inflamed sores (on corners of one's lips)
* (pathology) skin eruptions (such as rashes, prickly heat, and other skin diseases)
    Synonym: bukal
* (botany) growth of moss, lichen, fungi, etc.
* (botany) fungus or other similar plants
* (figurative) original traits (of the youth, etc.)

#### Derived terms

* magpasingaw
* pasingawan
* pasingawin
* singaw-buhay
* singawan
* sumingaw

### Further reading

* “singaw”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*seŋ(e)qaw”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Anagrams

* wangis, sawing, siwang