# 賺

| 賺 | U+8CFA, &#36090; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CFA |
| ← 賹 [U+8CF9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 賻 → [U+8CFB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

賺 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 月金廿難金 (BCTXC), four-corner 6883$_7$, composition ⿰貝兼)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1211, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36880
* Dae Jaweon: page 1677, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3655, character 8
* Unihan data for U+8CFA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 譧 | *r'eːms |
| 賺 | *r'eːms |
| 尲 | *kreːm |
| 鹻 | *kreːmʔ |
| 歉 | *kʰreːms, *kʰreːmʔ, *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːms |
| 槏 | *kʰreːmʔ |
| 鰜 | *ɡreːm, *keːm |
| 稴 | *ɡreːm, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ, *ɡ·reːms, *ɡeːm |
| 豏 | *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡreːms |
| 甉 | *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡraːm |
| 廉 | *ɡ·rem |
| 鎌 | *ɡ·rem |
| 鬑 | *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm |
| 鐮 | *ɡ·rem |
| 簾 | *ɡ·rem |
| 薕 | *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm |
| 蠊 | *ɡ·rem |
| 嬚 | *ɡ·remʔ |
| 溓 | *ɡ·remʔ, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ |
| 嵰 | *kʰremʔ |
| 隒 | *ŋɡremʔ |
| 熑 | *ɡ·reːm |
| 濂 | *ɡ·reːm |
| 燫 | *ɡ·reːm |
| 兼 | *keːm, *keːms |
| 縑 | *keːm |
| 鶼 | *keːm |
| 蒹 | *keːm |
| 搛 | *keːm |
| 謙 | *kʰeːm |
| 膁 | *kʰeːmʔ |
| 嗛 | *kʰeːmʔ |
| 慊 | *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːb |
| 傔 | *kʰeːms |
| 馦 | *qʰeːm |
| 嫌 | *ɡeːm |
| 鼸 | *ɡeːmʔ |
| 尷 | *kreːm |
Originally as 𧸖.
In the current form: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *r'eːms) : semantic 貝 + phonetic 兼 (OC *keːm, *keːms).

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhuàn (zhuan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaan$^6$ / zaam$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhon
    (Hailu, HRS): con$^˖$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cuáng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zuang$^5$ / zuong$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): choán
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zuang$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$ze
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhuàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhuàn
*** Wade–Giles: chuan$^4$
*** Yale: jwàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juann
*** Palladius: чжуань (čžuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhuànr
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄢˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhuànr
*** Wade–Giles: chuan$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: jwànr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juall
*** Palladius: чжуаньр (čžuanʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaan$^6$ / zaam$^6$
*** Yale: jaahn / jaahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaan$^6$ / dzaam$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zan$^6$ / zam$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːn²²/, /t͡saːm²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhon
*** Hakka Romanization System: con
*** Hagfa Pinyim: con$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰon⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: con$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰon³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cuáng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡suɑŋ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zuang$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡suaŋ²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zuong$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡suoŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: choán
*** Tâi-lô: tsuán
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zoarn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡suan⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡suan⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡suan⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡suan⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡suan⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zuang$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsuàng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡suaŋ²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$ze
*** MiniDict: ze$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$ze
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ze²³/
* Middle Chinese: dreamH
Rime :
| Character | 賺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 咸 (151) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 佇陷切 |
| Baxter | dreamH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖˠɛm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖᵚæm$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡɐm$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖəɨm$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡɐm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡɐm$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱăm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zaam$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*r'eːms/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 賺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6030 |
| Phonetic component | 兼 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𧸖 |
| Old Chinese | /*r'eːms/ |
| Notes | 原右作廉同說文新附， 集韻作此 |

#### Definitions

賺
* to make a profit
    賺大錢／赚大钱 ― zhuàn dàqián ― to make a huge profit
    有賺冇蝕／有赚冇蚀 [Cantonese] ― jau$^5$ zaan$^6$ mou$^5$ sit$^6$ [Jyutping] ― to profit and not lose money
* (regional) to earn (money)
* to win; to get
* (informal) profit

##### Synonyms

* (to make a profit):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 賺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 賺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 賺 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 賺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 賺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 賺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 賺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 賺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 賺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 賺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 賺 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 賺 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 賺 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 賺 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 賺 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 賺, 掙 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 趁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 趁 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 趁 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 趁 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 趁 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 趁 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 趁 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 趁 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 趁 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 賺 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 近 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 賺 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 賺 |
* (to earn money):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 掙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 掙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 賺 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 掙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 掙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 掙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 賺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 尋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 掙 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 搵 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 搵 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 賺, 搵 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 掙 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 做 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 掙 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 趁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 趁 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 趁 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 趁 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 掙 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 近 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 掙 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 掙 |
* (profit):
* 利潤 / 利润 (lìrùn)
* 利益 (lìyì)
* 利純 / 利纯 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 利頭 / 利头 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 潤 / 润 (rùn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 盈利 (yínglì)
* 賺頭 / 赚头 (zhuàntou) (informal)
* 賺頭兒 / 赚头儿 (zhuàntour) (Beijing Mandarin)
* 長頭 / 长头 (Hokkien)

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to make a profit”): 賠／赔 (péi)

#### Compounds

* 唱賺 / 唱赚 (chàngzhuàn)
* 手面賺吃 / 手面赚吃
* 有賺頭 / 有赚头
* 沒賺頭 / 没赚头
* 淨賺 / 净赚 (jìngzhuàn)
* 破賺 / 破赚
* 穩賺不賠 / 稳赚不赔 (wěnzhuànbùpéi)
* 虛賺 / 虚赚
* 賺取 / 赚取 (zhuànqǔ)
* 賺外快 / 赚外快
* 賺手 / 赚手
* 賺詞 / 赚词
* 賺錢 / 赚钱 (zhuànqián)
* 賺頭 / 赚头 (zhuàntou)
* 閃賺 / 闪赚

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: cuan (“profit”)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zuàn (zuan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaan$^6$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): dam$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zuàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zuàn
*** Wade–Giles: tsuan$^4$
*** Yale: dzwàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuann
*** Palladius: цзуань (czuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su̯än⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaan$^6$
*** Yale: jaahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zan$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːn²²/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dam$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tàm
*** Sinological IPA : /tam²¹³/

#### Definitions

賺
* (colloquial) to deceive; to fool; to cheat

##### Synonyms

* 作偽 / 作伪 (zuòwěi)
* 作假 (zuòjiǎ)
* 使手路 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 創戇 / 创戆 (Hokkien)
* 創戇仔 / 创戆仔 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 哄騙 / 哄骗 (hǒngpiàn)
* 壅蔽 (yōngbì) (literary)
* 打哄 (da$^3$ hong$^3$) (Xiang)
* 拆白 (chāibái) (dialectal)
* 拐騙 / 拐骗 (guǎipiàn)
* 日哄 (reh$^4$ hung$^2$) (Jin)
* 梟人 / 枭人 (Hakka)
* 棍騙 / 棍骗 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 欺瞞 / 欺瞒 (qīmán)
* 欺詐 / 欺诈 (qīzhà)
* 欺騙 / 欺骗 (qīpiàn)
* 瞞 / 瞒 (mán) (to hide the truth)
* 瞞哄 / 瞒哄 (mánhǒng)
* 瞞騙 / 瞒骗 (mánpiàn)
* 矇人 / 蒙人 (mēngrén)
* 矇混 / 蒙混 (ménghùn)
* 矇蔽 / 蒙蔽 (méngbì)
* 矇騙 / 蒙骗 (mēngpiàn)
* 糊弄 (hùnong) (colloquial)
* 耍花招 (shuǎ huāzhāo)
* 脫人 / 脱人 (tŏ̤-nêng) (Northern Min)
* 行騙 / 行骗 (xíngpiàn)
* 訛詐 / 讹诈 (ézhà)
* 詐騙 / 诈骗 (zhàpiàn)
* 誆騙 / 诓骗 (kuāngpiàn)
* 誑 / 诳 (kuáng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 誘騙 / 诱骗 (yòupiàn)
* 誑騙 / 诳骗 (kuángpiàn)
* 變戲法 / 变戏法 (biàn xìfǎ) (figurative)
* 騙 / 骗 (piàn)
* 騙人 / 骗人 (piànrén)

#### Compounds

* 哄賺 / 哄赚
* 啜賺 / 啜赚
* 賺哄 / 赚哄
* 賺弄 / 赚弄
* 賺漏 / 赚漏
* 賺騙 / 赚骗

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Eastern Min (BUC): dâng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dor$^5$ / dorⁿ$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tāⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): dan$^7$
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dâng
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dor$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɒ²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dorⁿ$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɒ̃²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tānn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dva
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tã²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /tã⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: dan$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tāⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /tã¹¹/

#### Definitions

賺
* (Eastern Min, Southern Min, dialectal Wu) wrong; erroneous

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 過誤, 誤, 謬, 謬誤, 訛 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 錯, 不對, 錯誤 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 錯, 左 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 錯, 不對 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 錯, 不對 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 錯, 不對 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 錯, 差 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 錯 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 錯 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 錯, 拐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 錯, 左 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 錯 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 差 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 錯 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 錯, 唔啱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 錯, 唔啱 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 唔啱 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 錯, 唔啱 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 錯 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 唔啱, 錯 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 唔啱, 錯 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 錯 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 錯 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 差, 唔啱 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 錯 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 唔著 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 唔著 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 錯, 不對, 差 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 錯 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 賺 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 賺 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 賺, 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 賺, 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 賺 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 賺, 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | salah, 毋著, 賺 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | salah, 毋著 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 毋著, 賺 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 賺 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 賺, 唔對, 唔著 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 賺 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | salah, 唔著, 賺 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 無著 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 無著 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 錯 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 無著 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 錯, 唔啱 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 錯 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 錯 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 錯, 賺 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 賺 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 賺 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 錯, 左 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 造, 錯 |

### References

* “賺”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “赚”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 315.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* coax

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): たん (tan)
* Kun: すかす (sukasu, 賺す)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

賺: Hán Việt readings: khiếm, trám
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.