# lig
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English liggen, from Old English licgan (“to lie, be situated, be at rest, remain”) and Old Norse liggja (“to lie”). More at lie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lɪɡ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪɡ

### Verb

lig (third-person singular simple present ligs, present participle ligging, simple past ligged or lag or lay, past participle ligged or laggen or lain)
* (intransitive, UK dialectal, obsolete) To lie; be in a prostrate or recumbent position.
** 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:His limbes would rest, ne lig in ease embost
* (transitive, UK dialectal, obsolete) To lay.

#### Derived terms

* lig down
* lig on
* lig out

#### Related terms

* ligger

### Noun

lig (plural ligs)
* (UK, slang, obsolete) A lie; an untruth.
** 1867, James Torrington Spencer Lidstone, The Fourteenth Londoniad, page 85:And the Muse of Arts that never told a lig, / Whirls in her mid-air flight to sing of Twigg; […]

#### References

* (untruth): 1873, John Camden Hotten, The Slang Dictionary

### Anagrams

* GIL, Gil, IGL@, Ilg, LGI, gli-

## Afrikaans
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ləχ/
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

From Dutch licht, from Proto-Germanic *linhtaz.

#### Adjective

lig (attributive ligte, comparative ligter, superlative ligste)
* (of weight) light; not heavy
    Die tas is lig.The suitcase is light.
* (figurative) slight; mild
    Daar het 'n ligte wind gewaai.A slight wind was blowing.

### Etymology 2

From Dutch lichten, derived from etymology 1.

#### Verb

lig (present lig, present participle ligtende, past participle gelig)
* (transitive) to lift, to raise
* (transitive) to weigh (the anchor)

### Etymology 3

From Dutch licht, from Proto-Germanic *leuhtą (noun) and *leuhtaz (adjective).

#### Noun

lig (plural ligte)
* light
    Blou lig het die kortste golflengte van die primêre kleure.Blue light has the shortest wavelength among primary colours.

#### Adjective

lig (attributive ligte, comparative ligter, superlative ligste)
* (of color or complexion) light; pale; not dark
    Hy dra 'n ligblou hemp.He wears a light blue shirt.

### Etymology 4

From Dutch lichten, from Proto-Germanic *liuhtijaną, derived from etymology 3.

#### Verb

lig (present lig, present participle ligtende, past participle gelig)
* to shine; to be or become light
    Supernova's is geweldig ligtende uitbarstings van massiewe sterre.Supernovas are immensely shining explosions of massive stars.

### See also

* liggende

## Albanian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Albanian *liga, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ligos (“indigent, needy, ill”). Cognate to Lithuanian ligà (“illness”), Old Irish líach (“wretched”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Adjective

i lig (feminine e ligë, masculine plural të lig, feminine plural të liga)
* evil, wicked
* bad, nasty
* ill, sick
* weak, cowardly
* (dialectal) pregnant, with child

### Further reading

* “lig”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlɪk]

### Noun

lig f
* genitive plural of liga

## Danish
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse líkr, glíkr, from Proto-Germanic *galīkaz, cognate with English alike, like, German gleich, Dutch gelijk. A compound of *ga- (“co-”) +‎ *-līkaz (“-like”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈliˀ]
* Audio:(file)

#### Adjective

lig (neuter ligt or lig, plural and definite singular attributive lig)
* equal to
* like, similar to

#### References

* “lig,2” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse lík (“body”), from Proto-Germanic *līką, cognate with English lich, German Leiche, Dutch lijk.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈliˀ]

#### Noun

lig n (singular definite liget, plural indefinite lig)
* body, corpse
* crock (an old or broken-down vehicle)

##### Synonyms

* kadaver

#### References

* “lig,1” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 3

From Old Norse lík (“leech”), borrowed from Middle Low German līk, from Proto-Germanic *līką (“bolt-rope”), cognate with Dutch lijk and English leech. The noun belongs to the Proto-Indo-European root *leyǵ- (“to bind”), compare Latin ligō (“to tie”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈliˀ]

#### Noun

lig n (singular definite liget, plural indefinite lig)
* (nautical) leech

##### Inflection
#### References

* “Lig,2” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

### Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈleɡ̊], (proscribed) IPA: [ˈlɛɡ̊]

#### Verb

lig
* imperative of ligge

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪx
* IPA: /lɪx/

### Verb

lig
* inflection of liggen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

### Anagrams

* gil

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* leig (superseded)
* léig (archaic)
* leog (Munster)

### Etymology

From earlier léig, from Old Irish léicid, from Proto-Celtic *linkʷīti, from Proto-Indo-European *linékʷti, nasal-infix present of *leykʷ- (“to leave”). Cognate with Sanskrit रिणक्ति (riṇákti), Latin linquō, Ancient Greek λείπω (leípō), Gothic 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍈𐌰𐌽 (leiƕan), Lithuanian lìkti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈl̠ʲɪɟ/

### Verb

lig (present analytic ligeann, future analytic ligfidh, verbal noun ligean, past participle ligthe)
* to let, allow

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | ligim | ligeann tú; ligir$^†$ | ligeann sé, sí | ligimid | ligeann sibh | ligeann siad; ligid$^†$ | a ligeann; a ligeas | ligtear |
| indicative | past | lig mé; ligeas | lig tú; ligis | lig sé, sí | ligeamar; lig muid | lig sibh; ligeabhair | lig siad; ligeadar | a lig / ar lig* | ligeadh |
| indicative | past habitual | liginn | ligteá | ligeadh sé, sí | ligimis; ligeadh muid | ligeadh sibh | ligidís; ligeadh siad | a ligeadh / a ligeadh* | ligtí |
| future | future | ligfidh mé; ligfead | ligfidh tú; ligfir$^†$ | ligfidh sé, sí | ligfimid; ligfidh muid | ligfidh sibh | ligfidh siad; ligfid$^†$ | a ligfidh; a ligfeas | ligfear |
| conditional | conditional | ligfinn | ligfeá | ligfeadh sé, sí | ligfimis; ligfeadh muid | ligfeadh sibh | ligfidís; ligfeadh siad | a ligfeadh / a ligfeadh* | ligfí |
| subjunctive | present | go lige mé; go ligead$^†$ | go lige tú; go ligir$^†$ | go lige sé, sí | go ligimid; go lige muid | go lige sibh | go lige siad; go ligid$^†$ | — | go ligtear |
| subjunctive | past | dá liginn | dá ligteá | dá ligeadh sé, sí | dá ligimis; dá ligeadh muid | dá ligeadh sibh | dá ligidís; dá ligeadh siad | — | dá ligtí |
| imperative | imperative | ligim | lig | ligeadh sé, sí | ligimis | ligigí; ligidh$^†$ | ligidís | — | ligtear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | ligean | ligean | ligean | ligean | ligean | ligean | ligean | ligean |
| past participle | past participle | ligthe | ligthe | ligthe | ligthe | ligthe | ligthe | ligthe | ligthe |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form

#### Synonyms

* ceadaigh
* lamháil
* leomh

#### Derived terms

* lig amach
* lig ar
* lig as
* lig chuig
* lig chun
* lig de
* lig do
* lig do scíth
* lig faoi
* lig i
* lig isteach
* lig le
* lig ó
* lig siar
* lig síos
* lig trí
* ligeach

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “léicid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “leigim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 431
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “lig”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “lig”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “lig”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Lithuanian
### Alternative forms

* lìgi

### Etymology

Derived from lýgus (“flat, even, equal”); the shortening of the long *ī sound (the y in lýgus) is perhaps due to influence from the synonymous ikì. Cognate with Latvian lidz (“like; till; as soon as, until”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lʲɪɡ/

### Preposition

lìg
* (with genitive) to, till, until

### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “lig”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285

## Maguindanao
### Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *liqeʀ.

### Noun

lig
* (anatomy) neck

## Maranao
### Noun

lig
* (anatomy) neck

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* līeġ

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *laugi, from Proto-Germanic *laugiz (“fire, flame, lightning”), from Proto-Indo-European *leuk- (“light; white; to shine”). Cognate with Old High German loug, Old Norse lǫygr, log, loga (“flame, low”). More at low.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /liːj/

### Noun

līġ m (nominative plural līgas)
* fire; flame
    līġbǣre ― flaming
    līġcwalu ― fiery torment
    līġdraca ― fiery dragon
    līġræscetung ― lightning
    līġȳþ ― wave of fire

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Descendants

* Middle English: lye, lei, lyȝ

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlik/
* Rhymes: -ik
* Syllabification: lig
* Homophone: lik

### Noun

lig f
* genitive plural of liga

## Turkish
### Etymology

From French ligue.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /liɟ/

### Noun

lig (definite accusative ligi, plural ligler)
* league (organization of sports teams)

#### Declension
## Volapük
### Noun

lig
* liquor

## Yogad
### Noun

lig
* (anatomy) neck