# 譯

| 譯 | U+8B6F, &#35695; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B6F |
| ← 譮 [U+8B6E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 議 → [U+8B70] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 譯 |
| Shinjitai | 訳 |
| Simplified | 译 |

### Han character

譯 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+13, 20 strokes, cangjie input 卜口田中十 (YRWLJ), four-corner 0664$_1$, composition ⿰訁睪)

#### Related characters

* 訳, 译

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1183, character 19
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36023
* Dae Jaweon: page 1646, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4024, character 6
* Unihan data for U+8B6F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 斁 | *ʔl'aːɡs, *l'aːɡs, *laːɡ |
| 籜 | *l̥ʰaːɡ |
| 蘀 | *l̥ʰaːɡ |
| 鐸 | *l'aːɡ |
| 凙 | *l'aːɡ |
| 襗 | *l'aːɡ, *rlaːɡ, *laːɡ |
| 擇 | *rlaːɡ |
| 澤 | *rlaːɡ |
| 鸅 | *rlaːɡ |
| 蠌 | *rlaːɡ |
| 檡 | *rlaːɡ, *hljaɡ |
| 釋 | *hljaɡ |
| 繹 | *laːɡ |
| 睪 | *neb, *laːɡ, *kuː |
| 譯 | *laːɡ |
| 嶧 | *laːɡ |
| 懌 | *laːɡ |
| 驛 | *laːɡ |
| 醳 | *laːɡ |
| 圛 | *laːɡ |
| 墿 | *laːɡ |
| 燡 | *laːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *laːɡ) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 睪 (OC *neb, *laːɡ, *kuː).

### Etymology

Same word as 繹 (OC *laːɡ, “to unravel”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yì (yi$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yi$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jik$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yet$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): it$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yi̍t
    (Hailu, HRS): rhid$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): yid$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ieh$^4$ / i$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): ĭ
* Eastern Min (BUC): ĭk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ih$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): e̍k / ia̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): êg$^8$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): yig$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$yiq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): i$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yì
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yì
*** Wade–Giles: i$^4$
*** Yale: yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: yi$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: i
*** Sinological IPA : /i²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jik$^6$
*** Yale: yihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪk̚²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yet$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jet̚³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: it$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /it̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: id
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)id
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhid$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒit²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: yid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ieh$^4$ / i$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /iəʔ²/, /i⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ĭ
*** Sinological IPA : /i²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
*** Sinological IPA : /iʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ih$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /iʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ih$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /iʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
*** Tâi-lô: i̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ek
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: ia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iak
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: êg$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: e̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /ek̚⁴/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: yig$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /zik̚⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$yiq
*** MiniDict: yih$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$hhiq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦiɪʔ¹²/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: i$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /i²⁴/
* Middle Chinese: yek
Rime :
| Character | 譯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 羊益切 |
| Baxter | yek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /iɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lAk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*laːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 譯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yek › |
| Old Chinese | /*lAk/ |
| English | interpret |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 譯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15138 |
| Phonetic component | 睪 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 繹 |
| Old Chinese | /*laːɡ/ |

### Definitions

譯
* to translate; to interpret
    直譯／直译 ― zhíyì ― to translate literally
    把書譯成中文／把书译成中文 ― bǎ shū yì chéng zhōngwén ― to translate the book into Chinese
* to decode; to decipher
* a surname

#### Synonyms

* (to translate): 翻譯／翻译 (fānyì), 傳譯／传译 (chuányì), 翻 (fān)

#### Hyponyms

* (to translate): 筆譯／笔译 (bǐyì, “to do written translation”), 口譯／口译 (kǒuyì, “to do interpreting”)

### Compounds

* 中譯 / 中译 (zhōngyì)
* 九譯 / 九译
* 今譯 / 今译 (jīnyì)
* 仿譯詞 / 仿译词
* 使譯 / 使译
* 偏譯 / 偏译
* 傳譯 / 传译 (chuányì)
* 傳譯員 / 传译员 (chuányìyuán)
* 八譯 / 八译
* 口譯 / 口译 (kǒuyì)
* 四譯館 / 四译馆
* 宣譯 / 宣译
* 導譯 / 导译
* 意譯 / 意译 (yìyì)
* 摘譯 / 摘译
* 敷譯 / 敷译
* 新譯 / 新译
* 曲譯 / 曲译
* 梵譯 / 梵译 (fànyì)
* 標譯 / 标译
* 機器翻譯 / 机器翻译 (jīqì fānyì)
* 死譯 / 死译
* 演譯 / 演译
* 直譯 / 直译 (zhíyì)
* 直譯詞 / 直译词
* 硬譯 / 硬译
* 移譯 / 移译
* 筆譯 / 笔译 (bǐyì)
* 累譯 / 累译
* 編譯 / 编译 (biānyì)
* 編譯器 / 编译器 (biānyìqì)
* 編譯程式 / 编译程式 (biānyì chéngshì)
* 翻譯 / 翻译 (fānyì)
* 翻譯員 / 翻译员 (fānyìyuán)
* 翻譯官 / 翻译官 (fānyìguān)
* 翻譯小說 / 翻译小说
* 聖譯 / 圣译
* 胥譯 / 胥译
* 自動翻譯 / 自动翻译
* 詮譯 / 诠译
* 誤譯 / 误译 (wùyì)
* 譒譯 / 𮷊译
* 譯事 / 译事
* 譯人 / 译人
* 譯介 / 译介 (yìjiè)
* 譯作 / 译作 (yìzuò)
* 譯使 / 译使
* 譯刻 / 译刻
* 譯匠 / 译匠 (yìjiàng)
* 譯名 / 译名 (yìmíng)
* 譯品 / 译品
* 譯員 / 译员 (yìyuán)
* 譯問 / 译问
* 譯場 / 译场
* 譯士 / 译士
* 譯字官 / 译字官
* 譯字生 / 译字生
* 譯學 / 译学 (yìxué)
* 譯學館 / 译学馆
* 譯官 / 译官
* 譯官令 / 译官令
* 譯家 / 译家
* 譯寫 / 译写 (yìxiě)
* 譯審 / 译审 (yìshěn)
* 譯導 / 译导
* 譯居 / 译居
* 譯師 / 译师
* 譯形借聲 / 译形借声
* 譯意風 / 译意风 (yìyìfēng)
* 譯換 / 译换
* 譯文 / 译文 (yìwén)
* 譯書 / 译书
* 譯本 / 译本 (yìběn)
* 譯校 / 译校
* 譯法 / 译法 (yìfǎ)
* 譯注 / 译注 (yìzhù)
* 譯界 / 译界 (yìjiè)
* 譯稿 / 译稿
* 譯筆 / 译笔
* 譯籍 / 译籍
* 譯經 / 译经 (yìjīng)
* 譯經使 / 译经使
* 譯經院 / 译经院
* 譯署 / 译署
* 譯義 / 译义
* 譯者 / 译者 (yìzhě)
* 譯胥 / 译胥
* 譯著 / 译著 (yìzhù)
* 譯製 / 译制 (yìzhì)
* 譯解 / 译解
* 譯言 / 译言
* 譯註 / 译注 (yìzhù)
* 譯話 / 译话
* 譯詩 / 译诗
* 譯語 / 译语 (yìyǔ)
* 譯語官 / 译语官
* 譯象 / 译象
* 譯貝 / 译贝
* 譯費 / 译费
* 譯載 / 译载
* 譯述 / 译述
* 譯通 / 译通
* 譯道 / 译道
* 譯釋 / 译释 (yìshì)
* 譯長 / 译长
* 譯電 / 译电 (yìdiàn)
* 譯鞮 / 译鞮
* 譯音 / 译音 (yìyīn)
* 譯音符號 / 译音符号
* 象寄譯鞮 / 象寄译鞮
* 象譯 / 象译
* 貢譯 / 贡译
* 輯譯 / 辑译
* 轉譯 / 转译 (zhuǎnyì)
* 迻譯 / 移译
* 通譯 / 通译 (tōngyì)
* 通譯員 / 通译员 (tōngyìyuán)
* 選譯 / 选译
* 重三譯 / 重三译
* 重九譯 / 重九译
* 重譯 / 重译 (chóngyì)
* 雙譯 / 双译
* 鞮譯 / 鞮译
* 鞮譯象寄 / 鞮译象寄
* 音譯 / 音译 (yīnyì)
* 音譯詞 / 音译词 (yīnyìcí)
* 鯷譯 / 鳀译

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 訳(やく) (yaku)
* → Korean: 역(譯) (yeok)
* → Vietnamese: dịch (譯)

### References

* “譯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 訳 |
| Kyūjitai | 譯 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 訳)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: やく (yaku)
* Kan-on: えき (eki)
* Kun: わけ (wake, 譯)、とく (toku)

## Korean
### Hanja

譯 • (yeok) (hangeul 역, revised yeok, McCune–Reischauer yŏk, Yale yek)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 飜譯 (번역 (beonyeok))

## Vietnamese
### Han character

譯: Hán Việt readings: dịch
* chữ Hán form of dịch (“to translate; translation”).

#### References

* www.chunom.org