OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# nì
## Italian
### Etymology

Blend of no (“no”) +‎ sì (“yes”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈni/
* Rhymes: -i
* Hyphenation: nì

### Adverb

nì
* (colloquial) yes and no

### Anagrams

* in, in-

## Mandarin
### Alternative forms

* ni — nonstandard

### Romanization

nì (ni$^4$, Zhuyin ㄋㄧˋ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 伱
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 倪
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 匿
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 坣
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 堄
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嫟
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嬺
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屰
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嶷
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 惄
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 愵
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 慒
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 昵
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 晰
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 暱 / 昵
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 殝
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 氼
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 泤
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 溺
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 濖
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 灃 / 沣
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 痆
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 睨
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 糑
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 縌 / 𰬳
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 胒
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 膩 / 腻
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 衱
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 迡
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 逆
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷁 / 鹢
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷊 / 鹝
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鹝
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鹢

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology 1

From Old Irish do·gní.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /niː/, (unstressed) /ni/
* (Lewis) IPA: /nĩː/

#### Verb

nì
* future indicative independent of dèan

##### Usage notes

* The dependent form is dèan.

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish ní (“something, n of nech”) conflated with reanalysis of Old Irish aní (“that which”) as an nì (“the thing”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲiː/

#### Noun

nì m (genitive singular nì, plural nithean or nithe)
* thing
    Synonym: rud

##### Derived terms

* An Nì Math (“God”)
* neoni (“zero; nothing; nil”)
* nì-eigin (“something”)

#### Noun

nì m (genitive singular nith, no plural)
* cattle
    Synonym: crodh
* goods

### References

* ↑ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

### Further reading

* MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “nì”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN

## Skou
### Pronoun

nì
* I/me
    Mè nì mè póeng ko pa nì ke.You told me to fetch some water.

### References

* Donohue, Mark. A Grammar of the Skou Language of New Guinea (2004).
# τηρός
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₁y- (“to perceive”), and compared with Sanskrit चायति (cāyati, “to observe, perceive”) and Proto-Slavic *čajati (“to wait, expect”). However, this is phonetically unsatisfactory, as the Greek term shows no trace of the root-final *-i-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɛː.rós/ → /tiˈros/ → /tiˈros/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /tɛː.rós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /te̝ˈros/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /tiˈros/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /tiˈros/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /tiˈros/

### Noun

τηρός • (tērós) m (genitive τηροῦ); second declension
* warden, guard
    Synonyms: σκοπός (skopós), φρουρός (phrourós), φύλαξ (phúlax)

#### Derived terms

* τηρέω (tēréō)
* τήρημα (tḗrēma)
* τήρησις (tḗrēsis)
* τηρητήριον (tērētḗrion)
* τηρητής (tērētḗs)
* τηρητικός (tērētikós)
* τήρητρα (tḗrētra)
* τηρήτρια (tērḗtria)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τηρέω (> DER > 8. τηρός)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1480

### Further reading

* “τηρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* τηρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
# ಜೈನ
## Kannada
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit जैन (jaina).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒɐi̯n̪ɐ/

### Adjective

ಜೈನ • (jaina)
* of or belonging to Jaina

### Noun

ಜೈನ • (jaina)
* a follower of Jainism; a Jaina
* a Jaina teacher

#### Declension

| Case/Form | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | ಜೈನವು (jainavu) | ಜೈನಗಳು (jainagaḷu) |
| Accusative | ಜೈನವನ್ನು (jainavannu) | ಜೈನಗಳನ್ನು (jainagaḷannu) |
| Instrumental | ಜೈನದಿಂದ (jainadinda) | ಜೈನಗಳಿಂದ (jainagaḷinda) |
| Dative | ಜೈನಕ್ಕೆ (jainakke) | ಜೈನಗಳಿಗೆ (jainagaḷige) |
| Genitive | ಜೈನದ (jainada) | ಜೈನಗಳ (jainagaḷa) |

#### Derived terms

* ಜೈನಮುನಿ (jainamuni)
* ಜೈನವೃತ್ತಿ (jainavṛtti)
* ಜೈನಾಗಮ (jaināgama)
* ಜೈನಾಚಾರ್ಯ (jainācārya)
* ಜೈನಾಶ್ರಮ (jaināśrama)

### References

* V. Krishna (2019) “ಜೈನ”, in “Alar” V. Krishna's Kannada → English dictionary, Zerodha
* Kittel, Ferdinand (1894) “ಜೈನ”, in Kittel's Kannada-English dictionary, Madras: University of Madras, published 1968-1971
# Misamis Occidental
## English
### Etymology

From Spanish Misamis Occidental, from Misamis +‎ occidental (“western”).

### Pronunciation

* (Philippines) IPA: /mɪˌsa.mɪs ʔok.sɪ.dɛnˈtal/

### Proper noun

Misamis Occidental
* A province of Northern Mindanao, Mindanao, Philippines. Capital: Oroquieta. Largest city: Ozamiz

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Spanish Misamis Occidental, from Misamis +‎ occidental (“western”).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: Mi‧sa‧mis Oc‧ci‧den‧tal
* IPA: /miˌsamis ʔoksidenˈtal/ [mɪˌs̪a.mɪs̪ ʔok.s̪ɪ.d̪en̪ˈt̪al̪]

### Proper noun

Misamis Occidental
* Misamis Occidental (a province of Northern Mindanao, Mindanao, Philippines; capital: Oroquieta; largest city: Ozamiz)

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From Spanish Misamis Occidental, from Misamis +‎ occidental (“western”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /miˌsamis ʔoksidenˈtal/ [mɪˌsaː.mɪs ʔok.sɪ.d̪ɛn̪ˈt̪al]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: Mi‧sa‧mis Oc‧ci‧den‧tal

### Proper noun

Misamis Occidentál (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜐᜋᜒᜐ᜔ ᜂᜃ᜔ᜐᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜎ᜔)
* Misamis Occidental (a province of Northern Mindanao, Mindanao, Philippines; capital: Oroquieta; largest city: Ozamiz)

#### Related terms

* Misamis
* Misamis Oriental

### Further reading

* “Misamis Occidental”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# sutural
## English
### Etymology

Compare French sutural.

### Adjective

sutural (not comparable)
* (botany, surgery) Of or pertaining to a suture
    a sutural dehiscence
    sutural elevation
    sutural fold

#### Derived terms

* midsutural
* perisutural
* postsutural
* presutural
* subsutural
* suturally
* unisutural

#### Translations
### References

* “sutural”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## French
### Adjective

sutural (feminine suturale, masculine plural suturaux, feminine plural suturales)
* sutural

### Further reading

* “sutural”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French sutural.

### Adjective

sutural m or n (feminine singular suturală, masculine plural suturali, feminine and neuter plural suturale)
* sutural

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sutuˈɾal/ [su.t̪uˈɾal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: su‧tu‧ral

### Adjective

sutural m or f (masculine and feminine plural suturales)
* sutural
# tsubasko
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* subasko

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish chubasco, from Portuguese chuvasco (“rain”), or from Galician chuvasco (“rain”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /t͡ʃuˈbasko/ [t͡ʃʊˈbas.ko]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /tsuˈbasko/ [t͡sʊˈbas.ko]
* Rhymes: -asko
* Syllabification: tsu‧bas‧ko

### Noun

tsubasko (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔ᜐᜓᜊᜐ᜔ᜃᜓ) (meteorology)
* squall; downpour
    Synonyms: unos, sigwa
* (Marinduque) storm; typhoon
    Synonym: bagyo

#### Derived terms

* matsubasko

#### See also

* agwasero

### Further reading

* “tsubasko”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “tsubasko”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# кровь
## Russian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic крꙑ (kry), from Proto-Slavic *kry, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *krū́ˀs, from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“blood of a wound”).
Cognate with Latin cruor (“blood(shed)”), Lithuanian kraujas, Welsh crau, English raw.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [krofʲ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

кровь • (krovʹ) f inan (genitive кро́ви, nominative plural кро́ви, genitive plural крове́й, relational adjective кро́вный or кровяно́й)
* (usually uncountable) blood

#### Derived terms

* крова́вик (krovávik)
* крова́вый (krovávyj)
* кровено́сный (krovenósnyj)
* крови́нка (krovínka)
* крови́ща (krovíšča)
* кро́вный (króvnyj)
* кровотече́ние (krovotečénije)
* кровяно́й (krovjanój)
* полукро́вка (polukróvka)
* чистокро́вный (čistokróvnyj)
# komersiyo
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* komersyo — nonstandard

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish comercio, from Latin commercium.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /koˈmeɾsio/ [koˈmɛɾ.ʃo]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /koˈmeɾsio/ [koˈmɛɾ.sjo]
* Rhymes: -eɾsio
* Syllabification: ko‧mer‧si‧yo

### Noun

komérsiyó (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋᜒᜇ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓ)
* commerce; trade
    Synonyms: kalakalan, pangangalakal, negosyo

#### Related terms

* brazo de Mercedes
* komersiyal
* komersiyalisasyon
* komersiyalismo
* komersiyante

### Further reading

* “komersiyo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# pulta
## Cebuano
### Alternative forms

* purta

### Etymology

Corruption of Spanish puerta. Doublet of pwerta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpulta/ [ˈpul̪.t̪ɐ]
* Hyphenation: pul‧ta

### Noun

pulta
* doorway

#### Derived terms

* pultahan

## Jakaltek
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish puerta.

### Noun

pulta
* door

### References

* Church, Clarence, Church, Katherine (1955) Vocabulario castellano-jacalteco, jacalteco-castellano‎ (in Spanish), Guatemala C. A.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 50; 41
# kolaborasi
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch collaboratie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kolaboˈrasi]
* Hyphenation: ko‧la‧bo‧ra‧si

### Noun

kolaborasi (plural kolaborasi-kolaborasi)
* collaboration.
    Synonym: kerja sama

#### Usage notes

The term had a negative connotation as the Dutch collaboratie which the negative connotation persisted in Indonesian kolaborator. However, the term started to have a neutral connotation as the English collaboration.

#### Derived terms

* berkolaborasi
* mengolaborasi

#### Related terms

* kolaborator

### Further reading

* “kolaborasi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# aktiba
## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aktiba/ [ak.t̪i.β̞a]
* Rhymes: -iba
* Hyphenation: ak‧ti‧ba

### Verb

aktiba
* Short form of aktibatu (“to activate”).

## Tagalog
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish activar, from activo (“active”) + -ar.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔaktiˈba/ [ʔɐk.t̪ɪˈba]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ak‧ti‧ba

#### Noun

aktibá (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃ᜔ᜆᜒᜊ)
* act of activating; activation
    Synonyms: pagbuhay, bigay-buhay, pagpapasigla, bigay-sigla, pagana, (of a machine) sindi, (of a machine) bukas, aktibasyon
* act of arousing; arousal into action
    Synonyms: gising, pukaw, pagpapakilos, pagpapagalaw, paandar, pagkondisyon

##### Derived terms

* aktibahin
* ipaaktiba

##### Related terms

* adyenda
* ahenda
* ahensiya
* ahensiya-de-empenyo
* ahente
* ahilidad
* ahitador
* ahitasyon
* aksiyon
* aksiyonista
* akta
* aktibado
* aktibasyon
* aktibasyon
* aktibidad
* aktibidades
* aktibismo
* aktibista
* aktibo
* akting
* aktitud
* akto
* aktor
* aktris
* aktuwal
* aktuwali
* aktuwalidad
* aktuwaryo
* aktuwasyon
* inaksiyon
* inaktibo
* inter-aksiyon
* papel de ahensiya
* reaksiyon
* reaksiyonaryo
* reaktibidad
* reaktibo
* retroaktibo

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish activa, feminine of activo, from Latin actīvus.

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔakˈtiba/ [ʔɐkˈt̪iː.bɐ]
* Rhymes: -iba
* Syllabification: ak‧ti‧ba

#### Adjective

aktiba (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜃ᜔ᜆᜒᜊ) (grammar)
* active
    Synonyms: tahasan, aktibo
    Antonym: pasiba

##### Derived terms

* pandiwang aktiba

##### Related terms

* bos-aktiba

### Further reading

* Panganiban, José Villa (1973) Diksyunaryo-Tesauro Pilipino-Ingles (overall work in Tagalog and English), Quezon City: Manlapaz Publishing Co., page 12
* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 9
# adhesibo
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish adhesivo but with the silent ⟨h⟩ pronounced as /h/, most likely due to English influence or spelling influence, from Medieval Latin adhaesīvus, from Latin adhaereō.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔadheˈsibo/ [ʔɐd̪.hɛˈsiː.bo]
* Rhymes: -ibo
* Syllabification: ad‧he‧si‧bo

### Adjective

adhesibo (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜑᜒᜐᜒᜊᜓ)
* adhesive
    Synonyms: malagkit, dumadagkit, makapit

#### Derived terms

* sintas na adhesibo

#### Related terms

* adhesyon
* hesitante
* hesitasyon

### Further reading

* “adhesibo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 11
# syahadat
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay syahadat, from Classical Malay syahadat, from Arabic شَهَادَات (šahādāt).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃaˈha.dat̚/
* Hyphenation: sya‧ha‧dat
* Rhymes: -at

### Noun

syahadat (plural)
* testimonial.
    Synonym: persaksian
* creed.
** (Islam) shahada, the basic Islamic creed.
    Syahadat Rasul ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
** (Catholicism) the liturgical creed
    Syahadat Para Rasul ― Apostles' Creed
    Syahadat Nikea Konstantinopel ― Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed
    Synonyms: kredo, pengakuan iman

#### Derived terms

* bersyahadat
* Syahadat Para Rasul
* syahadat Rasul
* syahadat tauhid

### Further reading

* “syahadat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# tongsan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Hakka 唐山 (thòng-sân).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtɔŋ.san]
* Hyphenation: tong‧san

### Proper noun

tongsan
* (obsolete) China.

#### Derived terms

* pulang tongsan

### Further reading

* “tongsan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# igwa
## Bikol Central
### Alternative forms

* ugwa

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ig‧wa
* IPA: /ʔiɡˈwa/ [ʔiɡˈwa]

### Verb

igwá
* there is; there's
    Igwa nin tawo sa luwasThere is a person outside./There's someone outside.
* to have
    Igwa ako nin kuwarta.I have money.

#### Synonyms

* may

#### Antonyms

* mayo
* wara
* dai

#### Derived terms

* magkaigwa

## Hausa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔì.ɡʷáː/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [ʔɪ̀.ɡʷáː]

### Noun

ìgwā f (plural igōgī, possessed form ìgwar̃)
* canon, artillery

### References

* Newman, Paul (2007) A Hausa-English Dictionary (Yale Language Series), New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 92.

## Shona
### Etymology

Unknown.

### Noun

igwa class 5 (plural magwa class 6)
* canoe
    Synonym: bwato
* boat

#### Alternative forms

* gwa (Karanga)
# komisi
## Indonesian
### Alternative forms

* commissie (1901–1947)

### Etymology

From Dutch commissie (“commission”), from Old French commission, from Latin commissio (“sending together; commission”). Doublet of kamsen.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /koˈmisi/ [koˈmi.si]
* Rhymes: -isi
* Syllabification: ko‧mi‧si

### Noun

komisi (plural komisi-komisi)
* commission:
** A body or group of people, officially tasked with carrying out a particular function.
** A fee charged by an agent or broker for carrying out a transaction.
** The thing to be done as agent for another.

#### Synonyms

* (body or group of people): suruhanjaya (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)
* (fee): kamsèn, kurtasê, provisi
** komisén (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)

#### Derived terms

* komisi awal
* komisi bank
* komisi bersyarat
* komisi dagang
* komisi kebenaran dan rekonsiliasi
* komisi keuntungan
* komisi lanjutan
* komisi nasional hak asasi manusia
* komisi pajak
* komisi pemasaran
* komisi pembinaan
* komisi pemilihan umum
* komisi penjamin
* komisi produksi baru
* komisi reasuransi
* komisi sisihan
* komisi tahun pertama
* komisi tahunan
* komisi yudisial

### Verb

komisi
* (colloquial) to investigate.

### Related terms

* komisar
* komisariat
* komisaris
* komisioner
* misi

### Further reading

* “komisi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

komisi (Jawi spelling کوميسي, plural komisi-komisi, informal 1st possessive komisiku, 2nd possessive komisimu, 3rd possessive komisinya)
* commission:
** the thing to be done as agent for another.
** (Indonesia) synonym of suruhanjaya
** (Indonesia) synonym of komisen

### Further reading

* “komisi” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# tikwas
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* ticuas — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /tikˈwas/ [t̪ɪkˈwas]
* Rhymes: -as
* Syllabification: tik‧was

### Adjective

tikwás (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜏᜐ᜔)
* tilted
    Synonyms: nakatikwas, tiwas

#### Derived terms

* itikwas
* matikwas
* nakatikwas
* pagkatikwas
* pagtikwas
* panikwas
* patikwasin
* tikwasin
* tumikwas

### Noun

tikwás (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒᜃ᜔ᜏᜐ᜔)
* act of tilting one side of something
    Synonyms: pagtikwas, tiwas, pagtiwas
* condition of being tilted to a side
    Synonym: pagkatikwas

### Further reading

* “tikwas”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* sikwat
# adhudika
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish adjudicar, from Latin adiūdicāre.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔadhudiˈka/ [ʔɐd̪.hʊ.d̪ɪˈxa]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: ad‧hu‧di‧ka

### Noun

adhudiká (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔ᜑᜓᜇᜒᜃ)
* act of judging; adjudication (act of adjudicating)
    Synonyms: hatol, pasiya, sentensiya

#### Derived terms

* adhudikahan
* iadhudika
* mag-adhudika

#### Related terms

* adhudikasyon
* hudikatura
* hudisyal
* husga
* husgado
* huwes
* huwisyo
* huwisyoso
* perhuwisyo
* prehuwisyo

### Further reading

* “adhudika”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# wikain
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* uicain — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

From wika +‎ -in.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /wikaˈʔin/ [wɪ.xɐˈʔin̪] (noun)
*** Rhymes: -in
** IPA: /wiˈkaʔin/ [wɪˈxaː.ʔɪn̪] (verb)
*** Rhymes: -aʔin
* Syllabification: wi‧ka‧in

### Noun

wikaín (Baybayin spelling ᜏᜒᜃᜁᜈ᜔)
* saying; idiom; moral
    Synonym: kasabihan
* idiom; idiomatic expression
    Synonyms: kawikaan, salawikain
* frequently uttered word or phrase; favorite expression
    Synonyms: bukambibig, sambit-sambit, sabihin, kasabihan, kawikaan
* (linguistics) dialect
    Synonym: diyalekto

#### Related terms

* salawikain
* sawikain

### Verb

wikain (complete winika, progressive winiwika, contemplative wiwikain, Baybayin spelling ᜏᜒᜃᜁᜈ᜔)
* (literary) to say
    Synonym: salitain
* (literary) to use (a specific language)
# βαθμιαίος
## Greek
### Etymology

Learnedly from βαθμ(ός) (vathm(ós)) +‎ -ιαίος (-iaíos), a calque of French graduel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /va.θmiˈe.os/
* Hyphenation: βαθ‧μι‧αί‧ος

### Adjective

βαθμιαίος • (vathmiaíos) m (feminine βαθμιαία, neuter βαθμιαίο)
* gradual

#### Derived terms

* βαθμιαία (vathmiaía, adverb)
* (learned) βαθμιαίως (vathmiaíos, adverb)

### References

* ↑ βαθμιαίος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# ῥοῖζος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

According to Beekes, if related to ῥοῖβδος (rhoîbdos, “buzzing, hissing noise”), this word is certainly of Pre-Greek origin, but even if unrelated, such an origin may still be considered.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /r̥ôi̯z.dos/ → /ˈry.zos/ → /ˈri.zos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /r̥ôi̯z.dos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈry.zos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈry.zos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈry.zos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈri.zos/

### Noun

ῥοῖζος • (rhoîzos) m (genitive ῥοίζου); second declension
* whistling or whizzing of an arrow or of a scourge
* any whistling or piping sound
* rush of wings, of the sea or of a stream
* hissing of a serpent
* rushing motion, rush, swing

#### Derived terms

* ἁλίρροιζος (halírrhoizos)
* ῥοιζαῖος (rhoizaîos)
* ῥοιζέω (rhoizéō)
* ῥοιζηδά (rhoizēdá)
* ῥοιζήεις (rhoizḗeis)
* ῥοίζημα (rhoízēma)
* ῥοίζησις (rhoízēsis)
* ῥοιζήτωρ (rhoizḗtōr)
* ῥοιζόω (rhoizóō)
* ῥοιζώδης (rhoizṓdēs)

### Further reading

* “ῥοῖζος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ῥοῖζος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ῥοῖζος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ῥοῖζος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ῥοῖζος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# hanggan
## Bikol Central
### Alternative forms

* hanggang

### Etymology

Borrowed from Tagalog hanggan (“limit, end”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haŋˈɡan/ [haŋˈɡan̪]
* IPA: /ʔaŋˈɡan/ [ʔaŋˈɡan̪] (h-dropping)
* Hyphenation: hang‧gan

### Conjunction

hanggán (Basahan spelling ᜑᜅ᜔ᜄᜈ᜔)
* until
    Synonym: sagkod

### Preposition

hanggán (Basahan spelling ᜑᜅ᜔ᜄᜈ᜔)
* until
    Synonyms: sagkod, hasta

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *haŋga (“until, as far as”). Compare hangga, Kapampangan angga, and Hanunoo hanggan. Possibly containing a fossilized suffix *-an, or back-formation, from hangganan, via hangga +‎ -nan.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /haŋˈɡan/ [hɐŋˈɡan̪]
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: hang‧gan

### Noun

hanggán (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜅ᜔ᜄᜈ᜔)
* limit; boundary
    Synonyms: hangga, takda
* end
    Synonyms: wakas, katapusan, hangga

#### Derived terms

* hangga't
* hangganan
* hanggang
* hanggang sa muli
* kahanggan
* kahangganan
* kawalang-hanggan
* magpasawalang-hanggan
* may-hanggan
* walang-hanggan
* walang-hangganan

### Further reading

* “hanggan”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*haŋga”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Anagrams

* anghang