# gaya
## Barngarla
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡaja/

### Noun

gaya
* spear

### References

* Pages 87 of Zuckermann, Ghil‘ad (2019). Barngarlidhi Manoo (Speaking Barngarla Together) (Barngarla Alphabet & Picture Book). Part 1 Part 2
* Zuckermann, Ghil‘ad and Clamor Wilhelm Schürmann (2018). Online Barngarla Dictionary.
* Zuckermann, Ghil‘ad (2016). Barngarla Aboriginal Language Dictionary App. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.regenr8.dictionary.barngarla https://apps.apple.com/au/app/barngarla/id1424856161

## Iban
### Etymology

From Malay gaya, probably from Sanskrit गय (gaya, “acquired or conquered properties”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡa.ja/
* Rhymes: -ja
* Hyphenation: ga‧ya

### Noun

gaya
* condition; circumstance
* style

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto gaja, English gay, French gai, Italian gaio.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡaja/

### Adjective

gaya
* merry, gay, cheerful

#### Derived terms

* gayeskar (“to lighten, elate”)
* gayigar (“to make merry, lighten, elate”)

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡaja]
* Hyphenation: ga‧ya
* Rhymes: -ja, -a

### Etymology 1

From Malay gaya, probably from Sanskrit गय (gaya, “acquired or conquered properties”) or वयस् (vayas, “power”).
* Semantic loan from Dutch kracht (“force”) for physics sense.

#### Noun

gaya (plural gaya-gaya)
* power, strength
    Synonyms: kekuatan, kuat
* (physics) force: a physical quantity that denotes ability to push, pull, twist or accelerate a body and which has a direction and is measured in a unit dimensioned in mass × distance/time² (ML/T²): SI: newton (N); CGS: dyne (dyn).
    Synonyms: forsa, kakas
    Synonym: daya (Standard Malay)

##### Derived terms

* bergaya
* menggayakan
* segaya
* gaya angin
* gaya apung udara
* gaya bentur
* gaya berat
* gaya bersih
* gaya gerak listrik
* gaya internal
* gaya kelembapan
* gaya koping konfrontatif
* gaya koriali
* gaya magnet
* gaya pegas
* gaya pencukup
* gaya permainan
* gaya pusingan
* gaya reaksi permukaan
* gaya sentrifugal
* gaya simpang
* gaya tarik
* gaya tarik bumi
* gaya tarsal
* gaya tekan
* gaya tekanan mendatar
* gaya traksi

### Etymology 2

From Malay gaya, probably from Sanskrit गय (gaya, “acquired or conquered properties”).

#### Noun

gaya (plural gaya-gaya)
* attitude, gesture, manner
    Synonyms: sikap, gerakan
* style
    Synonym: ragam
* (music) genre

#### Adjective

gaya
* (colloquial) elegant, beautiful.
    Synonyms: bergaya, elok

#### Derived terms

* bergaya
* bergaya-gaya
* gaya-gayanya
* menggaya
* menggayakan
* gaya atribusi
* gaya bahasa
* gaya bebas
* gaya bustrofedon
* gaya dada
* gaya dolfin
* gaya ganti
* gaya hidup
* gaya hidup alternatif
* gaya katak
* gaya kesejarahan
* gaya kupu-kupu
* gaya pencahayaan
* gaya penguasaan ego
* gaya periode teatrikal
* gaya presentasional
* gaya punggung
* gaya representasi
* gaya teatris

### Further reading

* “gaya” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Kikuyu
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣaja/

### Verb

gaya (infinitive kũgaya)
* to divide

#### Derived terms

(Nouns)
* mũgai class 1
(Verbs)
* kũgayania

#### Related terms

(Nouns)
* Ngai class 1

### References

* Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 361. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).

## Rwanda-Rundi
### Verb

-gaya (infinitive kugaya, perfective -gaye)
* (Kinyarwanda) be ungrateful
* (Kirundi) hate, despise

## Spanish
### Adjective

gaya f
* feminine singular of gayo

### Verb

gaya
* inflection of gayar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈɡaja/ [ˈɡaː.jɐ]
* Rhymes: -aja
* Syllabification: ga‧ya

### Noun

gaya (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜌ)
* imitation; copying
    Synonyms: paggaya, pagtulad, paggagad, pagkopya

#### Derived terms

* gaya ng
* gaya-gaya
* gaya-gaya puto maya
* gayahan
* gayahin
* gumaya
* igaya
* kagaya
* magaya
* magayahan
* manggagaya
* manggaya
* paggaya
* panggagaya

#### See also

* ga-

### Adjective

gaya (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜌ)
* imitated; copied
    Synonyms: ginaya, kinopya, hinuwad, ginagad
* like; similar to
    Synonyms: kagaya, katulad, tulad
    Gaya ng pusa ko ang pusa mo.Your cat is like my cat.

### Further reading

* “gaya”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* yaga

## Zulu
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ɡaːja/

### Verb

-gaya
* (transitive) to grind

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukugaya |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukugaya | ukungagayi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | gaya | -gaye |
| Plural | gayani | -gayeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyagaya, ngigaya | engigayayo, engigaya | ngigaya | angigayi | engingagayi | ngingagayi |
| 2nd singular | uyagaya, ugaya | ogayayo, ogaya | ugaya | awugayi | ongagayi | ungagayi |
| 1st plural | siyagaya, sigaya | esigayayo, esigaya | sigaya | asigayi | esingagayi | singagayi |
| 2nd plural | niyagaya, nigaya | enigayayo, enigaya | nigaya | anigayi | eningagayi | ningagayi |
| Class 1 | uyagaya, ugaya | ogayayo, ogaya | egaya | akagayi | ongagayi | engagayi |
| Class 2 | bayagaya, bagaya | abagayayo, abagaya | begaya | abagayi | abangagayi | bengagayi |
| Class 3 | uyagaya, ugaya | ogayayo, ogaya | ugaya | awugayi | ongagayi | ungagayi |
| Class 4 | iyagaya, igaya | egayayo, egaya | igaya | ayigayi | engagayi | ingagayi |
| Class 5 | liyagaya, ligaya | eligayayo, eligaya | ligaya | aligayi | elingagayi | lingagayi |
| Class 6 | ayagaya, agaya | agayayo, agaya | egaya | awagayi | angagayi | engagayi |
| Class 7 | siyagaya, sigaya | esigayayo, esigaya | sigaya | asigayi | esingagayi | singagayi |
| Class 8 | ziyagaya, zigaya | ezigayayo, ezigaya | zigaya | azigayi | ezingagayi | zingagayi |
| Class 9 | iyagaya, igaya | egayayo, egaya | igaya | ayigayi | engagayi | ingagayi |
| Class 10 | ziyagaya, zigaya | ezigayayo, ezigaya | zigaya | azigayi | ezingagayi | zingagayi |
| Class 11 | luyagaya, lugaya | olugayayo, olugaya | lugaya | alugayi | olungagayi | lungagayi |
| Class 14 | buyagaya, bugaya | obugayayo, obugaya | bugaya | abugayi | obungagayi | bungagayi |
| Class 15 | kuyagaya, kugaya | okugayayo, okugaya | kugaya | akugayi | okungagayi | kungagayi |
| Class 17 | kuyagaya, kugaya | okugayayo, okugaya | kugaya | akugayi | okungagayi | kungagayi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngigayile, ngigayē | engigayile, engigayē | ngigayile, ngigayē | angigayanga | engingagayanga | ngingagayanga |
| 2nd singular | ugayile, ugayē | ogayile, ogayē | ugayile, ugayē | awugayanga | ongagayanga | ungagayanga |
| 1st plural | sigayile, sigayē | esigayile, esigayē | sigayile, sigayē | asigayanga | esingagayanga | singagayanga |
| 2nd plural | nigayile, nigayē | enigayile, enigayē | nigayile, nigayē | anigayanga | eningagayanga | ningagayanga |
| Class 1 | ugayile, ugayē | ogayile, ogayē | egayile, egayē | akagayanga | ongagayanga | engagayanga |
| Class 2 | bagayile, bagayē | abagayile, abagayē | begayile, begayē | abagayanga | abangagayanga | bengagayanga |
| Class 3 | ugayile, ugayē | ogayile, ogayē | ugayile, ugayē | awugayanga | ongagayanga | ungagayanga |
| Class 4 | igayile, igayē | egayile, egayē | igayile, igayē | ayigayanga | engagayanga | ingagayanga |
| Class 5 | ligayile, ligayē | eligayile, eligayē | ligayile, ligayē | aligayanga | elingagayanga | lingagayanga |
| Class 6 | agayile, agayē | agayile, agayē | egayile, egayē | awagayanga | angagayanga | engagayanga |
| Class 7 | sigayile, sigayē | esigayile, esigayē | sigayile, sigayē | asigayanga | esingagayanga | singagayanga |
| Class 8 | zigayile, zigayē | ezigayile, ezigayē | zigayile, zigayē | azigayanga | ezingagayanga | zingagayanga |
| Class 9 | igayile, igayē | egayile, egayē | igayile, igayē | ayigayanga | engagayanga | ingagayanga |
| Class 10 | zigayile, zigayē | ezigayile, ezigayē | zigayile, zigayē | azigayanga | ezingagayanga | zingagayanga |
| Class 11 | lugayile, lugayē | olugayile, olugayē | lugayile, lugayē | alugayanga | olungagayanga | lungagayanga |
| Class 14 | bugayile, bugayē | obugayile, obugayē | bugayile, bugayē | abugayanga | obungagayanga | bungagayanga |
| Class 15 | kugayile, kugayē | okugayile, okugayē | kugayile, kugayē | akugayanga | okungagayanga | kungagayanga |
| Class 17 | kugayile, kugayē | okugayile, okugayē | kugayile, kugayē | akugayanga | okungagayanga | kungagayanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāgaya | engāgaya | ngāgaya | angigayanga | engingagayanga | ngingagayanga |
| 2nd singular | wāgaya | owāgaya | wāgaya | awugayanga | ongagayanga | ungagayanga |
| 1st plural | sāgaya | esāgaya | sāgaya | asigayanga | esingagayanga | singagayanga |
| 2nd plural | nāgaya | enāgaya | nāgaya | anigayanga | eningagayanga | ningagayanga |
| Class 1 | wāgaya | owāgaya | āgaya | akagayanga | ongagayanga | engagayanga |
| Class 2 | bāgaya | abāgaya | bāgaya | abagayanga | abangagayanga | bengagayanga |
| Class 3 | wāgaya | owāgaya | wāgaya | awugayanga | ongagayanga | ungagayanga |
| Class 4 | yāgaya | eyāgaya | yāgaya | ayigayanga | engagayanga | ingagayanga |
| Class 5 | lāgaya | elāgaya | lāgaya | aligayanga | elingagayanga | lingagayanga |
| Class 6 | āgaya | āgaya | āgaya | awagayanga | angagayanga | engagayanga |
| Class 7 | sāgaya | esāgaya | sāgaya | asigayanga | esingagayanga | singagayanga |
| Class 8 | zāgaya | ezāgaya | zāgaya | azigayanga | ezingagayanga | zingagayanga |
| Class 9 | yāgaya | eyāgaya | yāgaya | ayigayanga | engagayanga | ingagayanga |
| Class 10 | zāgaya | ezāgaya | zāgaya | azigayanga | ezingagayanga | zingagayanga |
| Class 11 | lwāgaya | olwāgaya | lwāgaya | alugayanga | olungagayanga | lungagayanga |
| Class 14 | bāgaya | obāgaya | bāgaya | abugayanga | obungagayanga | bungagayanga |
| Class 15 | kwāgaya | okwāgaya | kwāgaya | akugayanga | okungagayanga | kungagayanga |
| Class 17 | kwāgaya | okwāgaya | kwāgaya | akugayanga | okungagayanga | kungagayanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingagaya | — | ngingagaya | ngingegaye | — | ngingegaye |
| 2nd singular | ungagaya | — | ungagaya | ungegaye | — | ungegaye |
| 1st plural | singagaya | — | singagaya | singegaye | — | singegaye |
| 2nd plural | ningagaya | — | ningagaya | ningegaye | — | ningegaye |
| Class 1 | angagaya | — | engagaya | angegaye | — | engegaye |
| Class 2 | bangagaya | — | bengagaya | bangegaye | — | bengegaye |
| Class 3 | ungagaya | — | ungagaya | ungegaye | — | ungegaye |
| Class 4 | ingagaya | — | ingagaya | ingegaye | — | ingegaye |
| Class 5 | lingagaya | — | lingagaya | lingegaye | — | lingegaye |
| Class 6 | angagaya | — | engagaya | angegaye | — | engegaye |
| Class 7 | singagaya | — | singagaya | singegaye | — | singegaye |
| Class 8 | zingagaya | — | zingagaya | zingegaye | — | zingegaye |
| Class 9 | ingagaya | — | ingagaya | ingegaye | — | ingegaye |
| Class 10 | zingagaya | — | zingagaya | zingegaye | — | zingegaye |
| Class 11 | lungagaya | — | lungagaya | lungegaye | — | lungegaye |
| Class 14 | bungagaya | — | bungagaya | bungegaye | — | bungegaye |
| Class 15 | kungagaya | — | kungagaya | kungegaye | — | kungegaye |
| Class 17 | kungagaya | — | kungagaya | kungegaye | — | kungegaye |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizogaya | engizogaya | ngizogaya | angizugaya | engingezugaya | ngingezugaya |
| 2nd singular | uzogaya | ozogaya | uzogaya | awuzugaya | ongezugaya | ungezugaya |
| 1st plural | sizogaya | esizogaya | sizogaya | asizugaya | esingezugaya | singezugaya |
| 2nd plural | nizogaya | enizogaya | nizogaya | anizugaya | eningezugaya | ningezugaya |
| Class 1 | uzogaya | ozogaya | ezogaya | akazugaya | ongezugaya | engezugaya |
| Class 2 | bazogaya | abazogaya | bezogaya | abazugaya | abangezugaya | bengezugaya |
| Class 3 | uzogaya | ozogaya | uzogaya | awuzugaya | ongezugaya | ungezugaya |
| Class 4 | izogaya | ezogaya | izogaya | ayizugaya | engezugaya | ingezugaya |
| Class 5 | lizogaya | elizogaya | lizogaya | alizugaya | elingezugaya | lingezugaya |
| Class 6 | azogaya | azogaya | ezogaya | awazugaya | angezugaya | engezugaya |
| Class 7 | sizogaya | esizogaya | sizogaya | asizugaya | esingezugaya | singezugaya |
| Class 8 | zizogaya | ezizogaya | zizogaya | azizugaya | ezingezugaya | zingezugaya |
| Class 9 | izogaya | ezogaya | izogaya | ayizugaya | engezugaya | ingezugaya |
| Class 10 | zizogaya | ezizogaya | zizogaya | azizugaya | ezingezugaya | zingezugaya |
| Class 11 | luzogaya | oluzogaya | luzogaya | aluzugaya | olungezugaya | lungezugaya |
| Class 14 | buzogaya | obuzogaya | buzogaya | abuzugaya | obungezugaya | bungezugaya |
| Class 15 | kuzogaya | okuzogaya | kuzogaya | akuzugaya | okungezugaya | kungezugaya |
| Class 17 | kuzogaya | okuzogaya | kuzogaya | akuzugaya | okungezugaya | kungezugaya |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyogaya | engiyogaya | ngiyogaya | angiyugaya | engingeyugaya | ngingeyugaya |
| 2nd singular | uyogaya | oyogaya | uyogaya | awuyugaya | ongeyugaya | ungeyugaya |
| 1st plural | siyogaya | esiyogaya | siyogaya | asiyugaya | esingeyugaya | singeyugaya |
| 2nd plural | niyogaya | eniyogaya | niyogaya | aniyugaya | eningeyugaya | ningeyugaya |
| Class 1 | uyogaya | oyogaya | eyogaya | akayugaya | ongeyugaya | engeyugaya |
| Class 2 | bayogaya | abayogaya | beyogaya | abayugaya | abangeyugaya | bengeyugaya |
| Class 3 | uyogaya | oyogaya | uyogaya | awuyugaya | ongeyugaya | ungeyugaya |
| Class 4 | iyogaya | eyogaya | iyogaya | ayiyugaya | engeyugaya | ingeyugaya |
| Class 5 | liyogaya | eliyogaya | liyogaya | aliyugaya | elingeyugaya | lingeyugaya |
| Class 6 | ayogaya | ayogaya | eyogaya | awayugaya | angeyugaya | engeyugaya |
| Class 7 | siyogaya | esiyogaya | siyogaya | asiyugaya | esingeyugaya | singeyugaya |
| Class 8 | ziyogaya | eziyogaya | ziyogaya | aziyugaya | ezingeyugaya | zingeyugaya |
| Class 9 | iyogaya | eyogaya | iyogaya | ayiyugaya | engeyugaya | ingeyugaya |
| Class 10 | ziyogaya | eziyogaya | ziyogaya | aziyugaya | ezingeyugaya | zingeyugaya |
| Class 11 | luyogaya | oluyogaya | luyogaya | aluyugaya | olungeyugaya | lungeyugaya |
| Class 14 | buyogaya | obuyogaya | buyogaya | abuyugaya | obungeyugaya | bungeyugaya |
| Class 15 | kuyogaya | okuyogaya | kuyogaya | akuyugaya | okungeyugaya | kungeyugaya |
| Class 17 | kuyogaya | okuyogaya | kuyogaya | akuyugaya | okungeyugaya | kungeyugaya |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngigaye | ngingagayi |
| 2nd singular | ugaye | ungagayi |
| 1st plural | sigaye | singagayi |
| 2nd plural | nigaye | ningagayi |
| Class 1 | agaye | angagayi |
| Class 2 | bagaye | bangagayi |
| Class 3 | ugaye | ungagayi |
| Class 4 | igaye | ingagayi |
| Class 5 | ligaye | lingagayi |
| Class 6 | agaye | angagayi |
| Class 7 | sigaye | singagayi |
| Class 8 | zigaye | zingagayi |
| Class 9 | igaye | ingagayi |
| Class 10 | zigaye | zingagayi |
| Class 11 | lugaye | lungagayi |
| Class 14 | bugaye | bungagayi |
| Class 15 | kugaye | kungagayi |
| Class 17 | kugaye | kungagayi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngagaya | ngangagaya, angagaya, angangagaya |
| 2nd singular | wagaya | wangagaya, awagaya, awangagaya |
| 1st plural | sagaya | sangagaya, asagaya, asangagaya |
| 2nd plural | nagaya | nangagaya, anagaya, anangagaya |
| Class 1 | wagaya | wangagaya, akagaya, akangagaya |
| Class 2 | bagaya | bangagaya, abagaya, abangagaya |
| Class 3 | wagaya | wangagaya, awagaya, awangagaya |
| Class 4 | yagaya | yangagaya, ayagaya, ayangagaya |
| Class 5 | lagaya | langagaya, alagaya, alangagaya |
| Class 6 | agaya | angagaya, awagaya, awangagaya |
| Class 7 | sagaya | sangagaya, asagaya, asangagaya |
| Class 8 | zagaya | zangagaya, azagaya, azangagaya |
| Class 9 | yagaya | yangagaya, ayagaya, ayangagaya |
| Class 10 | zagaya | zangagaya, azagaya, azangagaya |
| Class 11 | lwagaya | lwangagaya, alwagaya, alwangagaya |
| Class 14 | bagaya | bangagaya, abagaya, abangagaya |
| Class 15 | kwagaya | kwangagaya, akwagaya, akwangagaya |
| Class 17 | kwagaya | kwangagaya, akwagaya, akwangagaya |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gaya”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gaya (6.3)”