# dharma
## English
### Alternative forms

* Dharma

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit धर्म (dhárma, “that which upholds or supports”). The definitions pertaining to Buddhism are influenced by dhamma, a loan word from Pali. Doublet of dhamma and firm.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈdɑːmə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US) IPA: /ˈdɑɹ.mə/
* (India) IPA: /ˈd̪ʱəɾ.mə/, /d̪ʱəɾm/
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)mə

### Noun

dharma (countable and uncountable, plural dharmas)
* (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) The natural order of the universe; natural law, cosmic order.
    Antonym: adharma
* (Hinduism) One's obligation in respect to one's position in society, or the universe; one's duty, societally or cosmically.
* (Buddhism) The teachings of the Buddha as one's personal path to enlightenment.
* (Buddhism) The teachings of the Buddha as a practice to be promulgated and taught.
* (Jainism) Rule of conduct.

#### Derived terms

* Buddha-dharma
* dharma talk
* dharmic, Dharmic

#### Related terms

* Sanatana Dharma ("the eternal way, Hinduism")

#### Translations
### See also

* karma

### References

* ↑ Wikipedia contributors (2015–2023) “Ethics of Jainism Ethics of Jainism]”, in Wikipedia‎, Wikimedia Foundation, archived from the original on 11 September 2023: “Jain ethical code prescribes two dharmas or rules of conduct.”

## Balinese
### Romanization

dharma
* Romanization of ᬥᬃᬫ

## Dutch
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit धर्म (dharma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɑr.maː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: dhar‧ma
* Rhymes: -ɑrmaː

### Noun

dharma m (uncountable)
* dharma (order of the universe, society, etc.; one's social or religious duty in Hinduism; teachings of the Buddha)

#### Derived terms

* dharmisch

## Irish
### Noun

dharma m (genitive singular dharma)
* Alternative spelling of darma

## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धर्म (dharma, “that which upholds or supports”). Doublet of firma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdar.ma/
* Rhymes: -arma
* Hyphenation: dhàr‧ma

### Noun

dharma m (invariable)
* dharma

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धर्म (dharma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dar.ma/
* Rhymes: -ma
* Hyphenation: dhar‧ma

### Noun

dharma
* dharma:
** (Hinduism, Buddhism) the natural order of the universe; natural law, cosmic order.
** (Hinduism) one's obligation in respect to one's position in society, or the universe; one's duty, societally or cosmically.
** (Buddhism) doctrine, truth: the teachings of the Buddha as one's personal path to enlightenment.
* benevolence, piety, righteousness, virtue
* nature, property
* religious foundation, temple

### Adjective

dharma
* benevolent, charitable, pious, righteous, virtuous

### Derived terms

* amadharmakĕn
* dhinarma
* dhinarman
* kadharma
* kadharman
* madharma
* madharmakĕn
* makadharma
* maṅdharmakĕn
* padharma
* pinadharmakĕn
* pinakadharma
* sadharma
* adharma
* alpadharma
* amitadharma
* anak iṅ dharma
* atidharma
* buddhidharma
* dharma haji
* dharma lĕpas
* dharmabuddhi
* dharmacakra
* dharmacintana
* dharmacitta
* dharmadeśana
* dharmadhara
* dharmadwaya
* dharmajña
* dharmajñāna
* dharmakriyā
* dharmakuśala
* dharmakāraṇa
* dharmakāri
* dharmakārya
* dharmakāñcana
* dharmakāñcanasiddhi
* dharmakīrti
* dharmakṣatriya
* dharmakṣetra
* dharmamārga
* dharmamūrti
* dharmamūrtika
* dharmapara
* dharmaparārtha
* dharmaparāyaṇa
* dharmapatnī
* dharmaprawaktā
* dharmaprawṛtti
* dharmapriya
* dharmapuruṣa
* dharmaputra
* dharmarakṣaka
* dharmasamaya
* dharmasatya
* dharmasinta
* dharmasmaraṇa
* dharmasthiti
* dharmasthāna
* dharmaswabhāwa
* dharmaswāmi
* dharmasādhana
* dharmasīma
* dharmatattwa
* dharmatulā
* dharmawacana
* dharmawighna
* dharmawyawasāya
* dharmayuddha
* dharmayuddhakarma
* dharmayukti
* dharmaśaraṇa
* dharmaśāla
* dharmaśāsana
* dharmaśāstra
* dharmaśāstropadeśa
* dharmaśīla
* dharmābhiṣeka
* dharmādharma
* dharmādhikaraṇa
* dharmādhyakṣa
* dharmāhoratra
* dharmālambana
* dharmānurāga
* dharmārthakāma
* dharmātma
* dharmātmaja
* dharmāwasāna
* dānadharma
* iṣṭidharma
* kṣatriyadharma
* kṣatriyadharma
* lokikadharma
* paramadharma
* paramārthadharma
* parārthadharma
* puṇyadharma
* saṅ makadharma huripta
* sudharma
* swadharma
* sānak dharma
* ugradharma
* śūnyadharma

### Descendants

* > Javanese: ꦢꦂꦩ (darma) (inherited)
* → Balinese: ᬥᬃᬫ (darma, dharma)

### Further reading

* "dharma" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Portuguese
### Noun

dharma m (plural dharmas)
* Alternative spelling of darma