# 撞

| 撞 | U+649E, &#25758; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-649E |
| ← 撝 [U+649D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 撟 → [U+649F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

撞 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 手卜廿土 (QYTG), four-corner 5001$_4$, composition ⿰扌童)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 455, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12717
* Dae Jaweon: page 804, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1961, character 9
* Unihan data for U+649E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 撞
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 撞 | *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs |
| 幢 | *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs |
| 橦 | *rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ |
| 噇 | *rdoːŋ |
| 𩪘 | *rdoːŋ |
| 艟 | *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ |
| 憧 | *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ |
| 畽 | *tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ |
| 董 | *toːŋʔ |
| 蕫 | *toːŋʔ, *doːŋ |
| 箽 | *toːŋʔ |
| 懂 | *toːŋʔ |
| 湩 | *toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs |
| 曈 | *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ |
| 童 | *doːŋ |
| 僮 | *doːŋ |
| 瞳 | *doːŋ |
| 罿 | *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
| 犝 | *doːŋ |
| 潼 | *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
| 穜 | *doːŋ, *doŋ |
| 動 | *doːŋʔ |
| 慟 | *doːŋs |
| 堹 | *toŋs |
| 諥 | *toŋs |
| 蹱 | *tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ |
| 重 | *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs |
| 緟 | *doŋ, *doŋs |
| 蝩 | *doŋ |
| 褈 | *doŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
| 鐘 | *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ |
| 鍾 | *tjoŋ |
| 籦 | *tjoŋ |
| 種 | *tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs |
| 腫 | *tjoŋʔ |
| 踵 | *tjoŋʔ |
| 歱 | *tjoŋʔ |
| 喠 | *tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ |
| 偅 | *tjoŋs |
| 衝 | *tʰjoŋ |
| 揰 | *tʰjoŋs |
| 尰 | *djoŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 童 (OC *doːŋ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhuàng, chuáng, chuàng (zhuang$^4$, chuang$^2$, chuang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄤˋ, ㄔㄨㄤˊ, ㄔㄨㄤˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zong$^6$ / cong$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zong$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhong
    (Hailu, HRS): cong$^˖$
* Eastern Min (BUC): dâung
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dorng$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tōng / chōng / tn̄g / chhēng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zuang$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zaon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhuàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhuàng
*** Wade–Giles: chuang$^4$
*** Yale: jwàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juanq
*** Palladius: чжуан (čžuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chuáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuáng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻuang$^2$
*** Yale: chwáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwang
*** Palladius: чуан (čuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, common variant in Malaysia)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chuàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuàng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻuang$^4$
*** Yale: chwàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuanq
*** Palladius: чуан (čuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zong$^6$ / cong$^4$
*** Yale: johng / chòhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzong$^6$ / tsong$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zong$^6$ / cong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔːŋ²²/, /t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zong$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔŋ³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhong
*** Hakka Romanization System: cong
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: cong$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dâung
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑuŋ²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dorng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɒŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōng
*** Tâi-lô: tōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dong
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tɔŋ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chōng
*** Tâi-lô: tsōng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zong
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tn̄g
*** Tâi-lô: tn̄g
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tŋ̍²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tŋ̍³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tŋ̍⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhēng
*** Tâi-lô: tshīng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zheng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ²²/
* tōng, chōng - literary;
* tn̄g/chhēng - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit撞 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ⁵³/ /ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡suɑŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂuaŋ²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʈ͡ʂuaŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂuaŋ³¹²/ ～車 /ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ³¹²/ ～著人了 |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /p͡fʰaŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰuɔ̃²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰuɑŋ¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /p͡fʰɑ̃¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰuɑŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡suaŋ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡suaŋ¹³/ /t͡sʰuaŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡suaŋ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂuã̠²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ⁴⁴/ /ʈ͡ʂuaŋ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰuɑ̃⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰuɒ̃⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡suɑŋ³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡sʰuɑ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zɑ̃²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zɑ̃³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /d͡zz̩ʷɑŋ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /d͡ʑyɔ²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰo²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /t͡sau¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕyan¹¹/ ～鐘 /t͡ɕʰyan⁴¹/ ～數 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /d͡zɔn²¹/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰoŋ⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɔŋ³³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sɔŋ²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sɔŋ³³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tɔŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tɔuŋ²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tɔŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡suaŋ³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡siaŋ²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: draewng, draewngH
Rime :
| Character | 撞 | 撞 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 江 (9) | 江 (9) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II |
| Fanqie | 宅江切 | 直絳切 |
| Baxter | draewng | draewngH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖˠʌŋ/ | /ɖˠʌŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖᵚɔŋ/ | /ɖᵚɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡɔŋ/ | /ȡɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖaɨwŋ/ | /ɖaɨwŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡɔŋ/ | /ȡɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡɔŋ/ | /ȡɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȡʱɔŋ/ | /ȡʱɔŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chuáng | zhuàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cong$^4$ | zong$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[N-t]ˤ<r>oŋ/, /*N-tˤ<r>oŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*rdoːŋ/, /*rdoːŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 撞 | 撞 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chuáng | zhuàng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dræwng › | ‹ dræwng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[N-t]ˁ<r>oŋ/ | /*N-tˁ<r>oŋ-s/ |
| English | strike | strike |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 撞 | 撞 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 17421 | 17426 |
| Phonetic component | 重 | 重 |
| Rime group | 東 | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 幢 | 䡴 |
| Old Chinese | /*rdoːŋ/ | /*rdoːŋs/ |

### Definitions

撞
* to hit; to bump against; to strike; to run into; to collide
    她被車撞了。／她被车撞了。 ― Tā bèi chē zhuàng le. ― She was hit by a car.
       Wǒ zài hēi'àn zhōng zhuàng shàng le yī bǎ yǐzǐ. [Pinyin]
       In the dark, I bumped into a chair.
       Píngzi zhuàng dào le qiáng shàng. [Pinyin]
       The bottle smashed against a wall.
       keoi$^5$ hai$^2$ tiu$^4$ gaai$^1$ dou$^3$ zong$^6$ dou$^{3-2}$ tiu$^4$ dang$^1$ cyu$^5$. [Jyutping]
       He bumped into a lamppost on the street.
* to rush
* to meet by chance; to bump into; to come across; to encounter
       Zài pèngdào nǐ zhīqián, wǒ gānggāng zhuàng shàng tā. [Pinyin]
       I just ran into him before I met you.
* (of events) to clash; to coincide
    撞咗時間／撞咗时间 [Cantonese] ― zong$^6$ zo$^2$ si$^4$ gaan$^3$ [Jyutping] ― to have a time clash
* to coincide
    撞名 [Cantonese] ― zong$^6$ meng$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― to share the same name
* (Cantonese) to guess (clarification of this definition is needed)
    撞密碼／撞密码 [Cantonese] ― zong$^6$ mat$^6$ maa$^5$ [Jyutping] ― to guess a password by bruteforce

#### Synonyms

* (to collide):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 撞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 撞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 撞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 撞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 撞 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 碰, 撞 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 撞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 撞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 闖, 撞 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 撞 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 撞, 鏨 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 撞 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 撞 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 揰, 撞 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 撞 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 鄧, 撞 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 撞 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 撞, 碰 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 摏 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 㨂, 碰 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 衝, 挵 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 衝, 挵 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 衝, 挵 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 衝, 挵 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 挵 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 挵 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 衝, 挵 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 撞 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 撞, 挵 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 撞 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 撞 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 撞, 摜 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 撞 |
* (to rush): 猛沖／猛冲 (měngchōng)
* (to encounter):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 遇, 碰, 遭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 遇, 碰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 遇, 碰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 遇, 碰 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 遇, 撞 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 遇, 撞 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 遇, 撞 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 遇 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 遇, 撞 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 拄, 撞, 衝, 磅 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 拄, 撞, 衝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 拄, 衝 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 拄, 撞, 磅 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 拄 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 拄 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 拄, 遇 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 遇, 堵 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 遇 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 遇, 堵 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 堵 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 碰 |

### Compounds

* 一衝一撞 / 一冲一撞
* 一頭撞死 / 一头撞死
* 七跌八撞
* 亂撞 / 乱撞
* 以莛撞鐘 / 以莛撞钟
* 冒撞
* 反撞力
* 帶球撞人 / 带球撞人
* 打胸廝撞 / 打胸厮撞
* 招搖撞騙 / 招摇撞骗 (zhāoyáozhuàngpiàn)
* 挺撞
* 推撞 (tuīzhuàng)
* 撞傷 / 撞伤
* 撞凌
* 撞喪 / 撞丧
* 撞天婚
* 撞天屈
* 撞太歲 / 撞太岁
* 撞客
* 撞屍 / 撞尸
* 撞席
* 撞府沖州 / 撞府冲州
* 撞府穿州
* 撞心拳
* 撞擊 / 撞击 (zhuàngjī)
* 撞擾 / 撞扰
* 撞族
* 撞木鐘 / 撞木钟
* 撞牆 / 撞墙 (zhuàngqiáng)
* 撞牆期 / 撞墙期
* 撞球 (zhuàngqiú)
* 撞破 (zhuàngpò)
* 撞碼頭 / 撞码头
* 撞禍 / 撞祸 (zhuànghuò)
* 撞籌 / 撞筹
* 撞見 / 撞见 (zhuàngjiàn)
* 撞警鐘 / 撞警钟
* 撞跌
* 撞車 / 撞车 (zhuàngchē)
* 撞針 / 撞针 (zhuàngzhēn)
* 撞釘子 / 撞钉子
* 撞鐘太歲 / 撞钟太岁
* 撞門羊 / 撞门羊
* 撞陣衝軍 / 撞阵冲军
* 撞頭搕腦 / 撞头搕脑
* 撞騙 / 撞骗 (zhuàngpiàn)
* 擦撞
* 東奔西撞 / 东奔西撞
* 東挨西撞 / 东挨西撞
* 東碰西撞 / 东碰西撞
* 東穿西撞 / 东穿西撞
* 東走西撞 / 东走西撞
* 橫行直撞 / 横行直撞 (héngxíngzhízhuàng)
* 橫衝直撞 / 横冲直撞 (héngchōngzhízhuàng)
* 沖撞 / 冲撞 (chōngzhuàng)
* 白撞
* 白日撞
* 瞎撞
* 碰撞 (pèngzhuàng)
* 磕磕撞撞
* 磕頭撞腦 / 磕头撞脑
* 羊撞籬笆 / 羊撞篱笆
* 耐撞
* 胸廝撞 / 胸厮撞
* 花式撞球 (huāshì zhuàngqiú)
* 莽撞 (mǎngzhuàng)
* 莽莽撞撞
* 衝州撞府 / 冲州撞府
* 衝撞 / 冲撞 (chōngzhuàng)
* 誤打誤撞 / 误打误撞 (wùdǎwùzhuàng)
* 跌跌撞撞 (diēdiēzhuàngzhuàng)
* 追撞
* 遊營撞屍 / 游营撞尸
* 頂撞 / 顶撞 (dǐngzhuàng)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: どう (dō)
* Kan-on: とう (tō)
* Kan’yō-on: しゅ (shu)
* Kun: つく (tsuku, 撞く)

## Korean
### Hanja

撞 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

撞: Hán Nôm readings: chàng, tràng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.