# toma
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian toma. Cognate with Sicilian tuma.

### Noun

toma (uncountable)
* A semi-hard Italian cheese from Piedmont

### See also

* Toma cheese on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* mota, TMAO, atom, Mato, Amto, moat, Atom, Moat, Mota, atmo

## 'Are'are
### Verb

toma
* to be limp

### References

* Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

## Asturian
### Verb

toma
* inflection of tomar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Catalan
### Verb

toma
* inflection of tomar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tomar (“to drink; to take”). Doublet of tomar.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: to‧ma
* IPA: /ˈtomaʔ/ [ˈt̪o.mɐʔ]

### Noun

tomà
* (slang) alcohol consumption

### Verb

tomà
* (slang) to drink alcohol

#### Conjugation
## Galician
### Verb

toma
* inflection of tomar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Irish
### Noun

toma
* vocative plural of tom (“bush, shrub”)
* genitive singular of tom (“fit, paroxysm”)

### Verb

toma
* present subjunctive analytic of tom (“dip, immerse”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Italian
### Etymology

Probably a cousin of French tome (“kind of mountain cheese”), itself from Latin tomus (“slice, portion”). Compare Sicilian tuma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɔ.ma/
* Rhymes: -ɔma
* Hyphenation: tò‧ma

### Noun

toma f (plural tome)
* toma

#### Related terms

* tomatino

### Further reading

* Oxford University Press (2016): The Oxford Companion to Cheese

### Anagrams

* mota

## Japanese
### Romanization

toma
* Rōmaji transcription of とま

## Jur Modo
### Noun

toma
* book
** 1993, Toma Mi Akugu'ba Yowani: Book of Gospel according to John:
** 1994, toma Mi Tisaki: Book of Genesis:

#### Synonyms

* buku

## Lingala
### Verb

toma
* to send

## Mansaka
### Etymology

From tuma, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tumah.

### Noun

toma
* louse

## Maori
### Noun

toma
* tomb, mausoleum
    I whakatakotoria tahitia a Mananui rāua ko Nohopapa ki te toma i Pūkawa.Mananui and Nohopapa were laid together in the vault at Pūkawa.

## Mbati
### Noun

toma
* clay

### References

* LePage, Sarah Gloria (2020) "The phonology of Mbati"‎, University of North Dakota

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈtõ.mɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈtõ.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈto.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈtɔ.mɐ/
* Rhymes: -ɔmɐ
* Hyphenation: to‧ma

### Verb

toma
* inflection of tomar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtoma/ [ˈt̪o.ma]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -oma
* Syllabification: to‧ma

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from tomar (“to take”).

#### Noun

toma f (plural tomas)
* conquest, capture, taking, takeover
* dose, serving
* (medicine) intake
* socket, connector, outlet (source of electricity, internet etc.) (Ellipsis of toma de corriente.)
    Synonyms: enchufe, conexión
* shot, take, recording
* (Chile) an act of political civil disobedience through occupation protest that assumes control of a place, often a building or park

##### Usage notes

* With regards to the political definition this often expressed in English through the verb occupy or simply as a protest and context is given to explain it occurred within a particular place.

##### Derived terms

* toma de conciencia
* toma de contacto
* toma de decisiones
* toma de posesión
* toma de tierra

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

toma
* inflection of tomar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “toma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish tomar (“to drink; to take”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈtomaʔ/ [ˈt̪oː.mɐʔ], /ˈtoma/ [ˈt̪oː.mɐ]
* Rhymes: -omaʔ, -oma
* Syllabification: to‧ma

### Noun

tomà or toma (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜋ)
* (colloquial) act of drinking an alcoholic beverage
    Synonyms: tungga, barik

#### Derived terms

* pagtoma
* pantoma
* patomain
* tomahan
* tomahin
* tumoma

#### Related terms

* tomar
* tomador
* tomaposesyon

### Further reading

* “toma”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Zorc, R. David, San Miguel, Rachel (1993) Tagalog Slang Dictionary‎, Manila: De La Salle University Press, →ISBN

### Anagrams

* amot, tamo

## Ternate
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈto.ma]

### Preposition

toma (Jawi تم)
* non-human oblique preposition
** to
    una owosa toma kamar madaha ― he entered the room (literally, “he went to the room's inside”)
    ifere toma kadatu ― they climbed to the palace
    horu-horu ka toma Disa ― paddle on towards Disa
** at, in
    Kie Gamalama itego toma kie makonora ― Mount Gamalama sits in the island's center
    toma ngote maadu ― at the bottom of the stairs
** on
    toma wange enage ― on that day
    otego toma kurusi ― he sits on a chair
** from
    bifi doro toma meja manyeku ― the ant falls from the desk's top

#### Usage notes

Toma is only used when the referent is non-human. For human referents, se is used instead.

### References

* Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890) Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh