# 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *witaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“see”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈwitan/

#### Verb

𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 • (witan)
* to know
** Gothic Bible, Corinthians I 13.2:
    𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿 𐍀𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍆𐌴𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌿 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐍂𐌿𐌽𐍉𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌻𐌻 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽, 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌿, 𐌹𐌸 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰 𐌽𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿, 𐌽𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐍃 𐌹𐌼.jah jabai habau praufētjans jah witjau allaizē runōs jah all kunþi jah habau alla galaubein, swaswē fairgunja miþsatjau, iþ friaþwa ni habau, ni waihts im.And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries, and all knowledge; and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, and have not charity, I am nothing. (KJV)

##### Conjugation

Variant forms 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌹𐍃 (wisseis) and 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌳 (witeid) are attested.
Preterite-present :
| Infinitive | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 witan | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 witan | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 witan |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍄 wait | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰 wissa | — |
| 2nd singular | 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄 waist | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐍃 wissēs | — |
| 3rd singular | 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍄 wait | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰 wissa | — |
| 1st dual | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿 witu | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿 wissēdu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐍄𐍃 wituts | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 wissēduts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌼 witum | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 wissēdum | — |
| 2nd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌸 wituþ | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 wissēduþ | — |
| 3rd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌽 witun | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 wissēdun | — |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌿 witjau | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 wissēdjau | — |
| 2nd singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 witeis | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 wissēdeis | — |
| 3rd singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌹 witi | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌹 wissēdi | — |
| 1st dual | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 witeiwa | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 wissēdeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 witeits | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 wissēdeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 witeima | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 wissēdeima | — |
| 2nd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌸 witeiþ | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 wissēdeiþ | — |
| 3rd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 witeina | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 wissēdeina | — |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | — | | |
| 3rd singular | — | | |
| 2nd dual | — | | |
| 2nd plural | — | | |
| 3rd plural | — | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 witands | 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃 wiss | |

##### Derived terms

* 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (miþwitan)
* 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍃 (unwiss)
* 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰 (unwita)
* 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (unwitands)
* 𐌿𐌽𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌹 (unwiti)
* 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹 (waitei)
* 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌿𐌱𐌽𐌹 (witubni)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *witāną. Equivalent to *𐍅𐌹𐍄 (*wit) +‎ -𐌰𐌽 (-ān).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈwitaːn/

#### Verb

𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 • (witān)
* to observe

##### Conjugation

Class 3 weak :
| Infinitive | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 witān | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 witān | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 witān |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰 wita | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 witaida | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌳𐌰 witāda |
| 2nd singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍃 witais | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 witaidēs | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌶𐌰 witāza |
| 3rd singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌸 witaiþ | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 witaida | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌳𐌰 witāda |
| 1st dual | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐍃 witōs | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 witaidēdu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐍄𐍃 witāts | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 witaidēduts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌼 witām | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 witaidēdum | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 witānda |
| 2nd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌸 witaiþ | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 witaidēduþ | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 witānda |
| 3rd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳 witānd | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 witaidēdun | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 witānda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌿 witau | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 witaidēdjau | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 witaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍃 witais | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 witaidēdeis | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 witaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹 witai | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 witaidēdi | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 witaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 witaiwa | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 witaidēdeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 witaits | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 witaidēdeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 witaima | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 witaidēdeima | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 witaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌸 witaiþ | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 witaidēdeiþ | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 witaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 witaina | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 witaidēdeina | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 witaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹 witai | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 witādau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐍄𐍃 witāts | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌸 witaiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 witāndau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 witānds | 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 witaiþs | |

##### Derived terms

* 𐌰𐍄𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (atwitains)
* 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (gawitān)

### Further reading

* Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 177