# truailligh
## Irish
### Etymology

Back-formation from truaillithe, from Old Irish drúailnide, apparently a differently prefixed form related to éilnithe, past participle of as·lena (“to pollute, defile”).

### Verb

truailligh (present analytic truaillíonn, future analytic trualleoidh, verbal noun truailliú, past participle truaillithe)
* to corrupt, deprave, adulterate, debase
    Synonyms: éilligh, adhaltranaigh
* to defile, pollute
    Synonyms: éilligh, salaigh
* to contaminate, taint, poison
* to desecrate, profane
    Synonyms: bris, sáraigh

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | truaillím | truaillíonn tú; truaillír$^†$ | truaillíonn sé, sí | truaillímid; truaillíonn muid | truaillíonn sibh | truaillíonn siad; truaillíd$^†$ | a thruaillíonn; a thruaillíos / a dtruaillíonn* | truaillítear |
| indicative | past | thruailligh mé; thruaillíos | thruailligh tú; thruaillís | thruailligh sé, sí | thruaillíomar; thruailligh muid | thruailligh sibh; thruaillíobhair | thruailligh siad; thruaillíodar | a thruailligh / ar thruailligh* | truaillíodh |
| indicative | past habitual | thruaillínn / dtruaillínn‡‡ | thruaillíteá / dtruaillíteá‡‡ | thruaillíodh sé, sí / dtruaillíodh sé, sí‡‡ | thruaillímis; thruaillíodh muid / dtruaillímis‡‡; dtruaillíodh muid‡‡ | thruaillíodh sibh / dtruaillíodh sibh‡‡ | thruaillídís; thruaillíodh siad / dtruaillídís‡‡; dtruaillíodh siad‡‡ | a thruaillíodh / a dtruaillíodh* | thruaillítí / dtruaillítí‡‡ |
| future | future | truailleoidh mé; truailleod; truailleochaidh mé$^†$ | truailleoidh tú; truailleoir$^†$; truailleochaidh tú$^†$ | truailleoidh sé, sí; truailleochaidh sé, sí$^†$ | truailleoimid; truailleoidh muid; truailleochaimid$^†$; truailleochaidh muid$^†$ | truailleoidh sibh; truailleochaidh sibh$^†$ | truailleoidh siad; truailleoid$^†$; truailleochaidh siad$^†$ | a thruailleoidh; a thruailleos; a thruailleochaidh$^†$; a thruailleochas$^†$ / a dtruailleoidh*; a dtruailleochaidh*$^†$ | truailleofar; truailleochar$^†$ |
| conditional | conditional | thruailleoinn; thruailleochainn$^†$ / dtruailleoinn‡‡; dtruailleochainn$^†$‡‡ | thruailleofá; thruailleochthá$^†$ / dtruailleofá‡‡; dtruailleochthá$^†$‡‡ | thruailleodh sé, sí; thruailleochadh sé, sí$^†$ / dtruailleodh sé, sí‡‡; dtruailleochadh sé, sí$^†$‡‡ | thruailleoimis; thruailleodh muid; thruailleochaimis$^†$; thruailleochadh muid$^†$ / dtruailleoimis‡‡; dtruailleodh muid‡‡; dtruailleochaimis$^†$‡‡; dtruailleochadh muid$^†$‡‡ | thruailleodh sibh; thruailleochadh sibh$^†$ / dtruailleodh sibh‡‡; dtruailleochadh sibh$^†$‡‡ | thruailleoidís; thruailleodh siad; thruailleochadh siad$^†$ / dtruailleoidís‡‡; dtruailleodh siad‡‡; dtruailleochadh siad$^†$‡‡ | a thruailleodh; a thruailleochadh$^†$ / a dtruailleodh*; a dtruailleochadh*$^†$ | thruailleofaí; thruailleochthaí$^†$ / dtruailleofaí‡‡; dtruailleochthaí$^†$‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go dtruaillí mé; go dtruaillíod$^†$ | go dtruaillí tú; go dtruaillír$^†$ | go dtruaillí sé, sí | go dtruaillímid; go dtruaillí muid | go dtruaillí sibh | go dtruaillí siad; go dtruaillíd$^†$ | — | go dtruaillítear |
| subjunctive | past | dá dtruaillínn | dá dtruaillíteá | dá dtruaillíodh sé, sí | dá dtruaillímis; dá dtruaillíodh muid | dá dtruaillíodh sibh | dá dtruaillídís; dá dtruaillíodh siad | — | dá dtruaillítí |
| imperative | imperative | truaillím | truailligh | truaillíodh sé, sí | truaillímis | truaillígí; truaillídh$^†$ | truaillídís | — | truaillítear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | truailliú | truailliú | truailliú | truailliú | truailliú | truailliú | truailliú | truailliú |
| past participle | past participle | truaillithe | truaillithe | truaillithe | truaillithe | truaillithe | truaillithe | truaillithe | truaillithe |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

#### Derived terms

* dí-thruailligh (“decontaminate”)
* féintruailligh (“masturbate”)

#### Related terms

* truaillí
* truaillíocht
* truaillitheach
* truaillitheoir
* truaillmheasc

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 366, page 232; reprinted 2017

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “trúailligid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “trúailnid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “truailliġim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 760
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “truailligh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN