# galar
## Galician
### Etymology 1

From galo (“rooster”) +‎ -ar.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaˈlaɾ/, (western) /ħaˈlaɾ/

#### Verb

galar (first-person singular present galo, first-person singular preterite galei, past participle galado)
* (transitive) to fertilize (the rooster a hen)

##### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

### Etymology 2

Perhaps from Suevic *galan (to sing, to charm spells), from Proto-Germanic *galaną (“to roop, sing, charm”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to shout, scream, charm away”)

#### Verb

galar (first-person singular present galo, first-person singular preterite galei, past participle galado)
* (transitive) to bewitch
    Synonyms: enmeigar, enfeitizar

##### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

##### Related terms

* galra

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “galar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “galar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “galar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “galar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* galra

### Etymology

From Old Irish galar, from Proto-Celtic *galarom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelH-ro-. Cognate with Welsh galar (“grief”).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ˈɡɑl̪ˠəɾˠ/
* (Aran) IPA: /ˈɡɑl̪ˠd̪ˠɾˠə/ (corresponding to the form galra)
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈɡɔlˠəɾˠ/, /ˈɡɔl̪ˠəɾˠ/ (as if spelled golar)

### Noun

galar m (genitive singular galair, nominative plural galair)
* (pathology) sickness, illness, disease, infection
    Synonym: othras
    Dhá dtrian galair le hoíche. (proverb)The risk of illness is greatest at night; sickness is most intense at night.
* affliction, misery

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
galar
galair
vocative
a ghalair
a ghalara
genitive
galair
galar
dative
galar
galair
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an galar
na galair
genitive
an ghalair
na ngalar
dative
leis an ngalar don ghalar
leis na galair :

#### Derived terms

* galar béil (“thrush”)
* galar breac (“smallpox”)
* galar buí (“jaundice”)
* galar cam
* galar carrach (“scurvy”)
* galar casta (“staggers (in sheep)”)
* galar cleiteach (“moulting”)
* galar creathach (“ague”)
* galar crúibe is béil (“foot-and-mouth disease”)
* galar crupáin
* galar crupánach (“aphosphorosis”)
* galar dubhach
* galar dúchroíoch (“melancholy; melancholia”)
* galar easpa (“deficiency disease”)
* galar gabhálach
* galar garbh (“botts”)
* galar gasta (“flux”)
* galar gnéas-tarchurtha
* galar na gcás (“perplexity”)
* galar Póil (“falling-sickness, epilepsy”)
* galar scrathach (“scab (in sheep)”)
* galar támhach (“catalepsy”)
* galar titimeach
* galar tógálach
* galar trua (“pine disease (in cattle, sheep)”)
* galar véinéireach
* galareagla (“hypochondria”)
* galareaglach
* galarghinteach (“morbific”)
* galrach
* galrachán
* galracht (“sickliness, morbidity”)
* galraigh
* galrú

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ “galar”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 38, page 21
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 120
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 25, page 13

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “galar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “galar”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “galar”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From galo +‎ -ar; compare Spanish gallar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ɡaˈla(ʁ)/ [ɡaˈla(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ɡaˈla(ʁ)/ [ɡaˈla(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ɡaˈla(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ɡaˈla(ʁ)/ [ɡaˈla(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ɡaˈla(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɡɐˈlaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɡɐˈlaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɡɐˈla.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: ga‧lar

### Verb

galar (first-person singular present galo, first-person singular preterite galei, past participle galado)
* (transitive) to mate with (a female bird) (of a male bird)
* (transitive, Portugal, colloquial) to ogle
* (transitive, Portugal, colloquial) to woo, to seduce
* (transitive, Brazil, colloquial) to knock up, to get pregnant
* (intransitive, Northeast Brazil, vulgar) to cum

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

### References

* “galar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “galar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish galar, from Proto-Celtic *galarom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelH-ro-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkal̪ˠəɾ/

### Noun

galar m (genitive singular galair, plural galaran)
* disease, sickness, ailment, disorder
    Synonyms: euslaint, tinneas, trioblaid

#### Derived terms

* galar-ceàirde (“occupational disease”)
* galar-fuail (“diabetes”)
* galar-pearraide (“parrot fever, psittacosis”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Welsh
### Etymology

From Middle Welsh galar, from Proto-Brythonic *galar, from Proto-Celtic *galarom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelH-ro-. Cognate with Irish galar (“sickness”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡalar/, /ˈɡaːlar/
* Rhymes: -alar

### Noun

galar m (plural galarau)
* mourning, grief, sorrow, lament
    Synonyms: gofid, alaeth, tristwch

#### Derived terms

* galarnad (“lamentation”)
* galaru (“to mourn”)
* galarus (“mournful”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “galar”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies