OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# گستردن
## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian wstltn' (wistardan), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *str̥náHti, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃-. Compare Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭- (star-, “to spread”)), Latin sternō (“I bestrew, sprinkle”), Sanskrit स्तृणाति (stṛṇā́ti), Ancient Greek στόρνῡμι (stórnūmi), Old Church Slavonic (о)строуити ((o)struiti), Old English strewian (whence English strew).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɡus.taɾ.ˈdan]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ɡʊs.t̪ʰäɾ.d̪ǽn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ɡʊs.t̪ʰäɾ.d̪ǽn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ɡʊs.t̪ʰäɾ.d̪ǽn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ɡus.t̪ʰäɾ.d̪ǽn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɡ̥os.t̪ʰæɹ.d̪ǽn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɡus.t̪ʰäɾ.d̪ǽn]

### Verb

| Dari | گستردن |
| Iranian Persian | گستردن |
| Tajik | густардан |
گستردن • (gostardan) (present stem گستر (gostar))
* (literary) to spread, to extend

#### Derived terms

* گستراندن (gostarândan)
* گسترانیدن (gostarânidan)
* گستردنی (gostardani)
* گسترده (gostarde)
** گسترده شدن (gostarde šodan)
** گسترده کردن (gostarde kardan)
** گستردگی (gostardegi)
* گسترش (gostareš)
** گسترش دادن (gostareš dâdan)

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “گستردن”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
* MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 92
* Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 205
* Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 449
# žni
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʒɲɪ]

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

žni
* dative/vocative/locative singular of žeň

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

žni
* second-person singular imperative of žnout

## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *žьnъ; cognate with Upper Sorbian žně, Polish żniwa, Czech žeň.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʒnʲi]

### Noun

žni pl
* harvest

#### Derived terms

* žnějarnica
* žnějarny
* žnějaŕ
* žněś
* žnjeńc
* žnjeński
* žnjowni
* žnjowy

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʒɲi/

### Verb

žni
* second-person singular imperative of žať
# բիրտ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian բիրտ (birt).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /biɾt/, [biɾt]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /piɾd/, [pʰiɾd]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Adjective

բիրտ • (birt) (superlative ամենաբիրտ)
* (somewhat formal) harsh, rude, brute, crude
    բիրտ ուժ ― birt už ― brute force

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

Ačaṙyan and J̌ahukyan consider the origin of the word unknown. Bugge (accepted by Godel) derives from Proto-Indo-European *bʰid-ri-s, with Proto-Germanic *bitraz and Sanskrit भिद्र (bhidrá, “thunderbolt”) as cognates.

### Adjective

բիրտ • (birt)
* rigid
* rude, uncivilized

#### Derived terms

* բրտագոյն (brtagoyn)
* բրտանամ (brtanam)
* բրտավզութիւն (brtavzutʻiwn)
* բրտացուցանեմ (brtacʻucʻanem)
* բրտեայ (brteay)
* բրտերախ (brterax)
* բրտութիւն (brtutʻiwn)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: բիրտ (birt)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “բիրտ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “բիրտ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “բիրտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 79
* J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “բիրտ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 130a
# stajiś
## Lower Sorbian
### Alternative forms

* stajisch (obsolete)
* stawiś (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstajiɕ]

### Verb

stajiś pf (imperfective stajaś) (semelfactive)
* (transitive) to stand (something up); set, put (something in an upright position)
* (reflexive) to stand (in a certain place)

#### Conjugation

| Present | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | stajiju stajijom | stajijomej | stajijomy |
| 2nd person | stajijoš | stajijotej | stajijośo |
| 3rd person | stajijo | stajijotej | stajiju |
| Preterite | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | stajich | stajichmej | stajichmy |
| 2nd person | staji | stajištej | stajišćo |
| 3rd person | staji | stajištej | stajichu |
| Imperative | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 2nd person | staj | stajtej | stajśo |

##### Participles

* Present: —
* Past active (“ł-form”): stajił
* Past passive: stajony

##### Infinitive

    stajiś

##### Supine

    stajit

##### Verbal noun

    stajenje

#### Synonyms

* (reflexive): stojaś impf

#### Derived terms

* nastajiś
* pódstajiś
* póstajiś
* pśedstajiś
* pśestajiś
* pśistajiś
* wobstajiś
* wóstajiś
* wótpśistajiś
* wótstajiś
* wustajiś
* wuwostajiś
* zastajiś
* zawóstajiś
# վրդով
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian վրդով (vrdov).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /vəɾˈtʰov/, [vəɾtʰóv]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /vəɾˈtov/, [vəɾtʰóv]
* Hyphenation: վըր‧դով

### Noun

վրդով • (vrdov)
* (archaic) Synonym of վրդովմունք (vrdovmunkʻ)

#### Declension
### Adjective

վրդով • (vrdov) (superlative ամենավրդով)
* (rare) Synonym of վրդովված (vrdovvac)

#### Declension
### References

* “վրդով”, in Žamanakakicʻ hayocʻ lezvi bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, 1969–1980
* Aġayan, Ēduard (1976) “վրդով”, in Ardi hayereni bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Hayastan

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

The origin is unknown. According to J̌ahukyan, perhaps a sound-symbolic formation.

### Noun

վրդով • (vrdov)
* alarm, trouble, disquiet, restlessness, agitation, confusion, disorder, tumult

#### Derived terms

* ամենավրդով (amenavrdov)
* անվրդով (anvrdov)
* բազմավրդով (bazmavrdov)
* յոգնավրդով (yognavrdov)
* վրդովալից (vrdovalicʻ)
* վրդովասէր (vrdovasēr)
* վրդովեմ (vrdovem)
* վրդովեցուցանեմ (vrdovecʻucʻanem)
* վրդովութիւն (vrdovutʻiwn)
* վրդովումն (vrdovumn)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: վրդով (vrdov)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “վրդով”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “վրդով”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “վրդով”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 352b
* J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 715
# abuh
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Javanese ꦲꦧꦸꦃ (abuh), from Old Javanese aböh, abuh (“swollen”), *bĕh, *buh, *böh.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈabʊh]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: abuh

### Adjective

abuh
* (dialect, Java) swollen
    Synonym: bengkak
* (dialect, Java) crowded
    Synonyms: ramai, riuh

### Noun

abuh (plural abuh-abuh)
* noise

### Further reading

* “abuh” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

abuh
* Romanization of ꦲꦧꦸꦃ

## Lun Bawang
### Pronunciation

IPA: /abuh/

### Noun

abuh
* ashes
* dust

#### Derived terms

* mabuh
* siabuh
# computerspil
## Danish
### Etymology

From computer (“computer”) +‎ spil (“game”).

### Noun

computerspil n (singular definite computerspillet, plural indefinite computerspil)
* A computer game, video game.
* indefinite plural of computerspil

#### Synonyms

* videospil

#### Derived terms

* computerspilfigur
* computerspilfirma
* computerspilkarakter
* computerspilsrelaterede
* computerspilsudgaver
* computerspiludvikler
# cheo
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* cheio (Reintegrationist)

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese chẽo, from Latin plēnus, from Proto-Italic *plēnos, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”). Compare Portuguese cheio, Spanish lleno.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃeo/ [ˈt͡ʃe.ʊ]
* Rhymes: -eo
* Hyphenation: che‧o

### Adjective

cheo (feminine chea, masculine plural cheos, feminine plural cheas)
* full
    Antonyms: baleiro, baldeiro
* (figurative) stuffed, sated
    Synonym: farto
* (figurative) tired, fed up
    Synonyms: canso, farto

#### Derived terms

* chea
* manchea (“handful”, literally “handful”)

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cheo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cheo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cheo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cheo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster, Connacht) IPA: /çoː/
* (Ulster) IPA: /çɔː/

### Noun

cheo m
* Lenited form of ceo.

## Middle English
### Pronoun

cheo
* Alternative form of sche

## Portuguese
### Adjective

cheo (feminine chea, masculine plural cheos, feminine plural cheas)
* Obsolete form of cheio.

## Swahili
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

cheo class VII (plural vyeo class VIII)
* rank or title
* measure

## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [t͡ɕɛw˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [t͡ɕɛw˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [cɛw˧˧]

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Vietic *t-rɛːw.

#### Noun

(classifier con) cheo • (㹦) (phonemic reduplicative cheo cheo)
* chevrotain; mouse deer (of the family Tragulidae)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

cheo • (招, 𢴿)
* (historical) dowry paid to the bride's village or local community
# Casacstánach
## Irish
### Etymology

From an Chasacstáin (“Kazakhstan”) +‎ -ach (adjectival suffix).

### Adjective

Casacstánach (genitive singular masculine Casacstánaigh, genitive singular feminine Casacstánaí, plural Casacstánacha, not comparable)
* Kazakh
    Synonym: Casacach

#### Declension

$^1$ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. $^2$ When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

#### Related terms

* Casaicis (“the Kazakh language”)
* Poblacht na Casacstáine (“the Republic of Kazakhstan”)

### Noun

Casacstánach m (genitive singular Casacstánaigh, nominative plural Casacstánaigh)
* Kazakh person
    Synonym: Casacach

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
Casacstánach
Casacstánaigh
vocative
a Chasacstánaigh
a Chasacstánacha
genitive
Casacstánaigh
Casacstánach
dative
Casacstánach
Casacstánaigh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an Casacstánach
na Casacstánaigh
genitive
an Chasacstánaigh
na gCasacstánach
dative
leis an gCasacstánach don Chasacstánach
leis na Casacstánaigh :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# metricus
## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek, either directly from μετρικός (metrikós), or via metrum +‎ -icus.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈme.tri.kus/, [ˈmɛt̪rɪkʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈme.tri.kus/, [ˈmɛːt̪rikus]

### Adjective

metricus (feminine metrica, neuter metricum); first/second-declension adjective
* metrical (of or pertaining to measurement)
* (poetry) metric, metrical (of or pertaining to poetic metre)
* (New Latin) metric (of or pertaining to the metric system)

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

#### Descendants

* Catalan: mètric
* French: métrique
* Galician: métrico
* Italian: metrico
* Occitan: metric
* Portuguese: métrico
* Spanish: métrico
* → Danish: metrisk
* → Dutch: metrisch
* → English: metric
* → German: metrisch
* → Norwegian Bokmål: metrisk
* → Norwegian Nynorsk: metrisk
* → Swedish: metrisk

### References

* “metricus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* metricus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# okik
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈokik]
* Hyphenation: okik
* Rhymes: -okik

### Verb

okik
* (intransitive, obsolete, dialectal) to learn one's lesson
    Synonyms: okul, tanul
    Tapasztalás által okik az ember. ― One learns through experience.

#### Derived terms

* ok
* okít
* oktat
* okul

### References

* ↑ okik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* okik in Czuczor, Gergely and János Fogarasi: A magyar nyelv szótára (“A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874.
# Kitchin
## English
### Proper noun

Kitchin (plural Kitchins)
* A surname.

#### Derived terms

* Kitchin cycle

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Kitchin is the 21157th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 1241 individuals. Kitchin is most common among White (92.51%) individuals.
# Tansáin
## Irish
### Etymology

From English Tanzania, a blend of Tanganyika and Zanzibar + -ia.

### Proper noun

An Tansáin f (genitive na Tansáine)
* Tanzania (a country in East Africa)
    Synonym: Poblacht Aontaithe na Tansáine

#### Derived terms

* Tansánach (“Tanzanian”, adjective)
* Tansánach m (“Tanzanian”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* “Tanzania”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
# pagpipinta
## Tagalog
### Etymology

From pag- +‎ pinta with initial reduplication.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /paɡpipinˈta/ [pɐɡ.pɪ.pɪn̪ˈt̪a]
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: pag‧pi‧pin‧ta

### Noun

pagpipintá (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜄ᜔ᜉᜒᜉᜒᜈ᜔ᜆ)
* painting (artistic application of paint)

#### Related terms

* pagpipintura

### Further reading

* “pagpipinta”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# Gabúin
## Irish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

An Ghabúin f (genitive na Gabúine)
* Gabon (a country in Central Africa)
    Synonym: Poblacht na Gabúine

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
Gabúin
vocative
a Ghabúin
genitive
Gabúine
dative
Gabúin
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an Ghabúin
genitive
na Gabúine
dative
leis an nGabúin don Ghabúin :

#### Derived terms

* Gabúnach (“Gabonese”, adjective)
* Gabúnach m (“a Gabonese person”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* “Gabon”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
# Gaimbia
## Irish
### Etymology

From English Gambia.

### Proper noun

An Ghaimbia f (genitive na Gaimbia)
* Gambia (a country in West Africa)
    Synonym: Poblacht na Gaimbia

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
Gaimbia
vocative
a Ghaimbia
genitive
Gaimbia
dative
Gaimbia
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an Ghaimbia
genitive
na Gaimbia
dative
leis an nGaimbia don Ghaimbia :

#### Derived terms

* Gaimbiach (“Gambian”, adjective)
* Gaimbiach m (“Gambian”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* “Gambia”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
# မျက်ပါး
## Burmese
### Etymology

မျက် (myak) +‎ ပါး (pa:)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mjɛʔpá/
* Romanization: MLCTS: myakpa: • ALA-LC: myakʻpāʺ • BGN/PCGN: myetpa: • Okell: myeʔpà

### Noun

မျက်ပါး • (myakpa:)
* metal foil (e.g., gold leaf or silver foil)

#### Derived terms

* ကြေးနီမျက်ပါး (kre:ni-myakpa:)
* ကြေးဝါမျက်ပါး (kre:wa-myakpa:)
* ငွေမျက်ပါး (ngwe-myakpa:)
* ရွှေမျက်ပါး (hrwe-myakpa:)
# pelopor
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch voorloper (“precursor, ancestor”, literally “before + runner”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pəˈlopɔr/
* Rhymes: -pɔr, -ɔr, -r
* Hyphenation: pê‧lo‧por

### Noun

pêlopor (plural pelopor-pelopor)
* pioneer.
    Synonyms: pembuka, penganjur, perintis, pionir
* initiator
    Synonyms: inisiator, pelopor, pemrakarsa

#### Derived terms

* kepeloporan
* memelopori
* pemeloporan

#### Related terms

* loper

#### Descendants

* → Dutch: plopper

### Further reading

* “pelopor” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# palibhasa
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit परि- (pari-) +‎ भाषा (bhāṣā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /palibˈhasa/ [pa.l̪ibˈha.sa]
* IPA: /palibˈhasaʔ/ [pa.l̪ibˈha.saʔ]
* Hyphenation: pa‧lib‧ha‧sa

### Conjunction

palibhása or palibhasà (Basahan spelling ᜉᜎᜒᜊ᜔ᜑᜐ)
* since (because of the fact)
    Synonym: mili

### Preposition

palibhása or palibhasà (Basahan spelling ᜉᜎᜒᜊ᜔ᜑᜐ)
* (informal) owing to, because of
    Synonym: kawasa

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit परि- (pari-) +‎ भाषा (bhāṣā). Compare Kapampangan pablasa, Tausug pulibahasa, Malay peribahasa, and Hindi परिभाषा (paribhāṣā, “definition”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /palibˈhasaʔ/ [pɐ.lɪbˈhaː.sɐʔ]
* Rhymes: -asaʔ
* Syllabification: pa‧lib‧ha‧sa

### Conjunction

palibhasà (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜒᜊ᜔ᜑᜐ)
* because (of the fact that)
    Synonym: (Quezon) kawasa
    Palibhasa at hindi nila pera kaya wala silang pakialam sa magagastos.Since it's not their money, they don't care about the expenses.
    Palibhasa't kasamahan mo siya kaya pinagbigyan mo.Since he was your colleague, you gave him permission.
    Nagkakasiyahan sila ngayon, palibhasa hindi nila ramdam ang kahirapan.They are enjoying themselves now because they don't feel the poverty.
    Palibhasa sa lalaki, imposibleng mangyari sa kanila iyon..Because [of the fact that] they are men, it was impossible for it to happen to them.

#### Related terms

* dalubhasa

#### See also

* dahil
* kasi
* sapagkat

### Noun

palibhasà (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜒᜊ᜔ᜑᜐ)
* contempt

### References

* Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016) Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 131
* Trinidad Hermenegildo Pardo de Tavera (1887) El sanscrito en la lengua tagalog‎ (in Spanish), Paris: Imprimerie de la Faculté de Médecine, A. Davy, pages 42-43
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier

### Further reading

* “palibhasa”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “palibhasa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# gva
## Zhuang
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /kʷa˨˦/
* Tone numbers: gva$^1$
* Hyphenation: gva

### Etymology 1

From Chinese 瓜 (MC kwae, “gourd; melon; squash”). Cognate with Bouyei gval (“gourd; pumpkin”).

#### Noun

gva (1957–1982 spelling gva)
* gourd; melon; squash

##### Derived terms

* lwggva

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Chinese 鍋 (MC kwa).

#### Noun

gva (Sawndip forms 鈲 or 瓜, 1957–1982 spelling gva)
* (dialectal) wok
    Synonyms: rek, cauq
# 영도
## Korean
### Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 零度.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jʌ̹ŋdo̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [영도]

#### Noun

영도 • (yeongdo) (hanja 零度)
* zero degrees

##### Derived terms

* 절대 영도(絕對零度) (jeoldae yeongdo)

### Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 領導.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jʌ̹ŋdo̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [영도]

#### Noun

영도 • (yeongdo) (hanja 領導)
| South Korean Standard Language | 영도(領導) (yeongdo) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 령도(領導) (ryeongdo) |
* leadership
** 1968, “红太阳照边疆”, 한윤호(韩允浩) (lyrics)‎:모주석(공산당)의 령도아래 승리 향해 나아가네Mo-juseok(Gongsandang)-ui ryeongdo-arae seungni hyanghae naaganeUnder the leadership of Chairman Mao / the Communist Party, we head towards victory
# tadyak
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* tadyac, taryac — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography
* taryak — now dialectal, Rizal, informal

### Etymology

Compare Cebuano tindak (“kick”), Hiligaynon tindak (“kick”), and Indonesian terjang (“kick; lunge”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /tadˈjak/ [t̪ɐˈd͡ʒak̚]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /tadˈjak/ [t̪ɐd̪ˈjak̚]
* Rhymes: -ak
* Syllabification: tad‧yak

### Noun

tadyák (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜇ᜔ᜌᜃ᜔)
* strong kick
    Synonym: sikad
* recoil (of a fired gun)
    Synonyms: sikad, pagsikad

#### Derived terms

* magtadyakan
* matadyakan
* tadyakan
* tumadyak
# konsumido
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish consumido.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /konsuˈmido/ [kon̪.suˈmi.d̪o]
* Hyphenation: kon‧su‧mi‧do

### Adjective

konsumído (intensified konsumidohon, Basahan spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜋᜒᜇᜓ)
* anxious
    Synonym: langkag
* worried
    Synonyms: handal, hadit

#### Related terms

* konsumidor
* konsumir
* konsumisiyon
* konsumo

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* kunsumido — superseded

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish consumido. By surface analysis, konsumi +‎ -ido.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /konsuˈmido/ [kon̪.sʊˈmiː.d̪o]
* Rhymes: -ido
* Syllabification: kon‧su‧mi‧do

### Adjective

konsumido (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜓᜋᜒᜇᜓ)
* annoyed; exasperated; fed up
    Synonyms: inis, puno, yamot, suya, nayayamot, naiinis, nasusuya
* wasted away; easily affected

#### Related terms

* konsumi
* konsumisyon
* konsumo

### Further reading

* “konsumido”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# হিতৈষী
## Bengali
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit হিতৈষী (hitaiṣī). Synchronically analyzable as হিত (hito) +‎ এষী (eśi).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /hit̪oi̯ʃi/, [hit̪oi̯ʃiˑ]
    Audio:(file)
* (Dhaka) IPA: /hit̪oi̯ʃi/, [hit̪oi̯ʃiˑ]

### Adjective

হিতৈষী • (hitōiśi) (comparative আরও হিতৈষী, superlative সবচেয়ে হিতৈষী)
* well-wisher; one who wishes after the benefit of; benevolent

#### Derived terms

* মানবহিতৈষী (manob'hitōiśi)
# sörfőzde
## Hungarian
### Etymology

sör (“beer”) +‎ főzde (“a place where alcohol is made”), from főz (“to cook”) +‎ -de (noun-forming suffix indicating the place of the action)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃørføːzdɛ]
* Hyphenation: sör‧főz‧de
* Rhymes: -dɛ

### Noun

sörfőzde (plural sörfőzdék)
* brewery (a plant that makes beer)
    Synonym: sörgyár

#### Derived terms

* mikrosörfőzde
* kézműves sörfőzde
* kisüzemi sörfőzde
* kraft sörfőzde

### Further reading

* sörfőzde in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN