# 三日月
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 三 | 日 | 月 |
| み Grade: 1 | か Grade: 1 | つき > づき Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |||
* Alternative spelling
* 朏 (rare)

### Etymology

From Old Japanese.
Compound of 三日 (mika, “third day of a lunar month”) +‎ 月 (tsuki, “moon”). The tsuki changes to zuki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) みかづき [mìkázúkí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [mʲika̠zɨkʲi]

### Noun

三(み)日(か)月(づき) • (mikazuki)
* a crescent moon on the third day of a lunar month, especially on the eighth lunar month
* (by extension) Short for 三日月形 (mikazuki-gata): a crescent moon in general
** Hidekaz Himaruya, “ヘタリアと愉快な仲間たち [Hetalia and Blissful Friends]”, in Axis Powers ヘタリア [Axis Powers Hetalia], volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Gentosha, →ISBN, page 24:
    トルコ 【首(しゅ)都(と)】アンカラ 【公(こう)用(よう)語(ご)】トルコ語(ご) 【国(こっ)花(か)】チューリップ 【国(こっ)旗(き)の意(い)味(み)】 救(きゅう)国(こく)の伝(でん)説(せつ)からとられた三(み)日(か)月(づき)と星(ほし)は、民(みん)族(ぞく)の進(しん)歩(ぽ)と国(こっ)家(か)の独(どく)立(りつ)を象(しょう)徴(ちょう)し、赤(あか)色(いろ)はオスマン朝(ちょう)の色(いろ)とされている。
       Toruko 【Shuto】Ankara 【Kōyōgo】Toruko-go 【Kokka】Chūrippu 【Kokki no imi】 Kyūkoku no densetsu kara torareta mikazuki to hoshi wa, minzoku no shinpo to kokka no dokuritsu o shōchō shi, akairo wa Osuman-chō no iro to sareteiru.
       Turkey Capital: Ankara Official language: Turkish National flower: Tulip National flag’s meaning: The crescent and star, which derive from the legendary battle for the country, represent the country’s development and the state’s independence, and the color red was the color of the Ottoman dynasty.
* Synonym of 小爪 (kozume): a claw in the shape of a crescent moon
* a type of mask used in Noh

#### Coordinate terms

Lunar phases in Japanese · 月(げっ)相(そう) (gessō) :
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th |
| 新(にい)月(づき) (niizuki) 新(しん)月(げつ) (shingetsu) 朔(さく) (saku) 朔(さく)月(げつ) (sakugetsu) 月(つき)立(たち) (tsukitachi) | 二(ふつ)日(か)月(づき) (futsukazuki) 繊(せん)月(げつ) (sengetsu) 既(き)朔(さく) (kisaku) | 三(み)日(か)月(づき) (mikazuki) 若(わか)月(づき) (wakazuki) 眉(び)月(げつ) (bigetsu) 眉(まゆ)月(づき) (mayuzuki) | 四(よっ)日(か)月(づき) (yokkazuki) | 五(いつ)日(か)月(づき) (itsukazuki) |
| 6th | 7th | 8th | 9th | 10th |
| 六(むい)日(か)月(づき) (muikazuki) | 七(なの)日(か)月(づき) (nanokazuki) | 八(よう)日(か)月(づき) (yōkazuki) | 九(く)夜(や)月(づき) (kuyazuki) 九(ここの)日(か)月(つき) (kokonokatsuki) | 十(とう)日(かん)夜(や)の月(つき) (tōkan'ya no tsuki) |
| 十(とう)日(かん)夜(や)の月(つき) (tōkan'ya no tsuki) ||
| 11th | 12th | 13th | 14th | 15th |
| 十(じゅう)一(いち)日(にち)月(づき) (jūichinichizuki) | 十(じゅう)二(に)日(にち)月(づき) (jūninichizuki) | 十(じゅう)三(さん)夜(や) (jūsan'ya) | 十(じゅう)四(よっ)日(か)月(づき) (jūyokkazuki) 小(こ)望(もち)月(づき) (komochizuki) 幾(き)望(ぼう) (kibō) 待(まつ)宵(よい)月(づき) (matsuyoizuki) | 十(じゅう)五(ご)夜(や) (jūgoya) 十(じゅう)五(ご)夜(や)の月(つき) (jūgoya no tsuki) 望(ぼう) (bō) 望(もち)月(づき) (mochizuki) 満(まん)月(げつ) (mangetsu) 三(さん)五(ご)の月(つき) (sango no tsuki) |
| 16th | 17th | 18th | 19th | 20th |
| 十六夜(いざよい) (izayoi) 十六夜(いざよい)の月(つき) (izayoi no tsuki) 既(き)望(ぼう) (kibō) 猶予(いざよう)月(つき) (izayōtsuki) | 立(たち)待(まち)月(づき) (tachimachizuki) | 居(い)待(まち)月(づき) (imachizuki) | 寝(ね)待(まち)月(づき) (nemachizuki) 臥(ふし)待(まち)月(づき) (fushimachizuki) | 二十(はつ)日(か)月(づき) (hatsukazuki) 更(ふけ)待(まち)月(づき) (fukemachizuki) 亥(い)中(なか)の月(つき) (inaka no tsuki) |
| 21st | 22nd | 23rd | 24th | 25th |
| 二(に)十(じゅう)一(いち)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūichinichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)二(に)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūninichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)三(さん)夜(や) (nijūsan'ya) 二(に)十(じゅう)三(さん)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūsannichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)四(よ)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūyonichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)五(ご)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūgonichizuki) |
| 二(に)十(じゅう)五(ご)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūgonichizuki) ||
| 26th | 27th | 28th | 29th | 30th |
| 二(に)十(じゅう)六(ろく)夜(や) (nijūrokuya) 二(に)十(じゅう)六(ろく)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūrokunichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)七(しち)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūshichinichizuki) | 明(あ)けの三(み)日(か)月(づき) (ake no mikazuki) | 明(あ)けの三(み)日(か)月(づき) (ake no mikazuki) | 三十(みそ)日(か) (misoka) 三十(みそ)日(か)月(づき) (misokazuki) |
| 二(に)十(じゅう)六(ろく)夜(や) (nijūrokuya) 二(に)十(じゅう)六(ろく)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūrokunichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)七(しち)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūshichinichizuki) | 二(に)十(じゅう)八(はち)日(にち)月(づき) (nijūhachinichizuki) | 晦(つごもり) (tsugomori) | 晦(つごもり) (tsugomori) |
| Others |||||
| After 16th | In rain | | | |
| 残(ざん)月(げつ) (zangetsu) 有(あり)明(あけ)の月(つき) (ariake no tsuki) 有(あり)明(あけ)月(つき) (ariaketsuki) 有(あり)明(あけ) (ariake) 有(あり)明(あけ)月(づく)夜(よ) (ariakezukuyo) 有(あり)明(あけ)月(づき)夜(よ) (ariakezukiyo) 昼(ひる)の月(つき) (hiru no tsuki) 暁(あかつき)月(づく)夜(よ) (akatsukizukuyo) 暁(あかとき)月(づく)夜(よ) (akatokizukuyo) 暁(あかつき)月(づき)夜(よ) (akatsukizukiyo) 暁(あかつき)月(づき) (akatsukizuki) 暁(あかとき)月(づき) (akatokizuki) 暁(ぎょう)月(げつ) (gyōgetsu) | 雨(あま)夜(よ)の月(つき) (amayo no tsuki) | | | |

#### Derived terms

* 三日(みか)月(づき)形(がた) (mikazuki-gata)
* 三日(みか)月(づき)湖(こ) (mikazukiko)
* 三日(みか)月(づき)女郎(じょろう) (mikazuki jorō)
* 三日(みか)月(づき)形(なり) (mikazukinari)
* 三日(みか)月(づき)の (mikazuki no, pillow word)
* 三日(みか)月(づき)眉(まゆ) (mikazuki mayu)
* 三日(みか)月(づき)藻(も) (mikazukimo)
* 肥(ひ)沃(よく)な三日(みか)月(づき)地帯(ちたい) (Hiyoku na Mikazuki Chitai)

### Proper noun

三(み)日(か)月(づき) • (Mikazuki)
* a placename
* a surname
* a male given name

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Old Japanese
### Etymology

Compound of 三日 (mi$_1$ka, “third day of a lunar month”) +‎ 月 (tuki$_2$, “moon”).

### Noun

三日月 (mi$_1$kaduki$_2$) (kana みかづき)
* a crescent moon on the third day of a lunar month
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 6, poem 994:振仰而若月見者一目見之人乃眉引所念可聞purisake$_2$te mi$_1$kaduki$_2$ mi$_1$reba pi$_1$to$_2$me$_2$ mi$_1$si pi$_1$to$_2$ no$_2$ mayo$_1$bi$_1$ki$_1$ omopoyuru ka moThe crescent moon calls to mind the painted eyebrow of a maiden I once glimpsed.
* (by extension) a crescent moon in general
** c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 6, poem 993:月立而眞三日月之眉根掻氣長戀之君尓相有鴨tuki$_2$ tatite tada mi$_1$kaduki$_2$ no mayo$_1$ne kaki$_1$ ke$_2$ nagaku ko$_1$pi$_2$si ki$_1$mi$_1$ ni ape$_1$ru ka moThe moon comes up and just like the crescent moon, my eyebrows as they itch―and having yearned for you so long I find that at last I have you.

#### Descendants

* Japanese: 三日月 (mikazuki)

### References

* ↑ Paula Doe, Yakamochi Ōtomo (1982) A Warbler's Song in the Dusk: The Life and Work of Ōtomo Yakamochi (718-785), illustrated edition, University of California Press, →ISBN, page 67
* ↑ Jin'ichi Konishi (2017) Nicholas Teele, transl., Earl Roy Miner, editor, A History of Japanese Literature, Volume 1: The Archaic and Ancient Ages (Volume 4935 of Princeton Legacy Library), Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 408