# 人格
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): réngé
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄍㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^4$ gaak$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngìn-kiet
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): jîn-keh / lîn-keh / jîn-keeh
    (Teochew, Peng'im): nang$^5$ gêh$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: réngé
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄍㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: réngé
*** Wade–Giles: jên$^2$-ko$^2$
*** Yale: rén-gé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renger
*** Palladius: жэньгэ (žɛnʹgɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐən³⁵ kɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^4$ gaak$^3$
*** Yale: yàhn gaak
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^4$ gaak$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^4$ gag$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn²¹ kaːk̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngìn-kiet
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngin$^ˇ$ gied$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngin$^2$ giad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋin¹¹ ki̯et̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jîn-keh
*** Tâi-lô: jîn-keh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jinkeq
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /zin²³⁻³³ keʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lîn-keh
*** Tâi-lô: lîn-keh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: linkeq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lin²⁴⁻²² keʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lin²⁴⁻¹¹ keʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lin²⁴⁻²² keʔ⁵/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jîn-keeh
*** Tâi-lô: jîn-keeh
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zin¹³⁻²² kɛʔ³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: nang$^5$ gêh$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nâng keh
*** Sinological IPA : /naŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ keʔ²/

### Noun

人格
* personality; character
    指責型人格／指责型人格 ― zhǐzéxíng réngé ― accusatory personality
* integrity
* human dignity
    侮辱人格 ― wǔrǔ réngé ― to commit an affront to someone's dignity

#### Synonyms

* (personality):
* 個性 / 个性 (gèxìng)
* 性格 (xìnggé)
* 情性 (qíngxìng) (literary)
* 秉性 (bǐngxìng)
* (integrity):
* 人品 (rénpǐn)
* 品德 (pǐndé)
* 品性 (pǐnxìng)
* 品格 (pǐngé)
* 品行 (pǐnxíng)
* 品質 / 品质 (pǐnzhì)
* 履行 (lǚxíng) (literary)
* 持守 (chíshǒu) (literary)
* 操守 (cāoshǒu)
* 操持 (cāochí)
* 操行 (cāoxíng) (usually of a student at school)
* 行止 (xíngzhǐ) (literary)
* 誠信 / 诚信 (chéngxìn)
* 質地 / 质地 (zhìdì)
* 骨 (figurative)

#### Derived terms

* 人格分裂 (réngé fēnliè)
* 人格化 (réngéhuà)
* 人格教育
* 人格權 / 人格权 (réngéquán)
* 人格測驗 / 人格测验
* 人格障礙 / 人格障碍 (réngé zhàng'ài)
* 兩重人格 / 两重人格
* 反常人格
* 國際人格 / 国际人格
* 多重人格
* 雙重人格 / 双重人格

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 人 | 格 |
| じん Grade: 1 | かく Grade: 5 |
| kan'on ||

### Etymology

It is said to be coined by Japanese philosopher Inoue Tetsujirō as a translation of English personality.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) じんかく [jìńkákú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [d͡ʑĩŋka̠kɯ̟]

### Noun

人(じん)格(かく) • (jinkaku)
* personality

#### Derived terms

* 人(じん)格(かく)化(か) (jinkakuka)
* 人(じん)格(かく)権(けん) (jinkakuken)
* 人(じん)格(かく)者(しゃ) (jinkakusha)
* 人(じん)格(かく)主(しゅ)義(ぎ) (jinkaku shugi)
* 人(じん)格(かく)障(しょう)害(がい) (jinkaku shōgai)
* 人(じん)格(かく)神(しん) (jinkakushin)
* 人(じん)格(かく)心(しん)理(り)学(がく) (jinkaku shinrigaku)
* 多(た)重(じゅう)人(じん)格(かく) (tajū jinkaku)
* 二(に)重(じゅう)人(じん)格(かく) (nijū jinkaku)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ “人格”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 人 | 格 |

### Noun

人格 • (in'gyeok) (hangeul 인격)
* hanja form of 인격 (“personality”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 人 | 格 |

### Noun

人格
* chữ Hán form of nhân cách (“personality”).