# deich
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish deich, from Proto-Celtic *dekam, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dʲɛç/
* (Aran) IPA: /dʲɛ/, /dʲeː/
* (Cois Fharraige) IPA: /dʲɛ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /dʲɛç/, (before a consonant-initial word in the same breath group) /dʲɛ/

### Numeral

deich (triggers eclipsis)
* ten

#### Usage notes

* May be used with nouns in both the singular and plural; the singular is more common in general, but the plural must be used with units of measurement and the like. Triggers eclipsis:
    deich gcat ― ten cats
    deich dtroithe ― ten feet
    deich n-éin ― ten birds
* When used with the definite article, the definite article is always in the plural. When used with adjectives, the adjective is also in the plural and is always lenited after nouns in the singular; after nouns in the plural, the adjective only lenites after slender consonants:
    deich gcapall bhána ― ten white horses
    na deich n-eaglais mhóra ― the ten big churches
* But:
    deich gcapaill bhána ― ten white horses
    na deich n-eaglaisí móra ― the ten big churches
* When referring to human beings, the personal form deichniúr is used.

#### Derived terms

* deichiú (ordinal)
* deichniúr (used with personal nouns)

#### Related terms

* déag (“-teen”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 deich n-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 77
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 343, page 118
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 345, page 118

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “deich”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Old Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dʲexʲ/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *dekam, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

#### Numeral

deich
* ten

##### Descendants

* Irish: deich
* Manx: jeih
* Scottish Gaelic: deich

#### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “deich”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

deich
* second-person singular imperative of do·fich

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish deich, from Proto-Celtic *dekam, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d̥ʲeç/, /d̥ʲʒeç/

### Numeral

deich
* ten

#### Derived terms

* deicheach
* deicheamh
* deichnear

#### Related terms

* deug

### References

* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1940) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. I: The dialects of the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “deich”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 deich n-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language