# दान
## Hindi
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀤𑀸𑀡 (dāṇa), from Sanskrit दान (dāna).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /d̪ɑːn/, [d̪ä̃ːn]

### Noun

दान • (dān) m (Urdu spelling دان)
* gift, offering, something given

#### Declension
## Old Gujarati
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit दान (dāná).

### Noun

दान • (dāna) n
* gift

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* dāna (Latin script)
* 𑀤𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* দান (Bengali script)
* දාන (Sinhalese script)
* ဒါန or ၻႃၼ (Burmese script)
* ทาน or ทานะ (Thai script)
* ᨴᩤᨶ (Tai Tham script)
* ທານ or ທານະ (Lao script)
* ទាន (Khmer script)
* 𑄘𑄂𑄚 (Chakma script)

### Noun

दान n
* Devanagari script form of dāna (“gift”)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* দান (Assamese script)
* ᬤᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
* দান (Bengali script)
* 𑰟𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀤𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* ဒါန (Burmese script)
* દાન (Gujarati script)
* ਦਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌦𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
* ꦢꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
* 𑂠𑂰𑂢 (Kaithi script)
* ದಾನ (Kannada script)
* ទាន (Khmer script)
* ທານ (Lao script)
* ദാന (Malayalam script)
* ᡩᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘟𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
* ᢑᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦿𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐡𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
* ଦାନ (Odia script)
* ꢣꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆢𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
* 𑖟𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
* දාන (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩭𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚛𑚭𑚝 (Takri script)
* த³ாந (Tamil script)
* దాన (Telugu script)
* ทาน (Thai script)
* དཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
* 𑒠𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨛𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *déh₃nom (“gift”), from *deh₃- (“to give”). Cognate with Latin dōnum (“gift”), Old Irish dán (“gift”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /dɑ́ː.nɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈd̪ɑː.n̪ɐ/

#### Noun

दान • (dā́na) stem, n
* gift, alms, donation
* generosity, giving
* (Buddhism, Hinduism) the practice of cultivating generosity; dana
** Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, 5.2.3 (c. 700 BC):
    तदेतत्त्रयँ शिक्षेद् दमं दानं दयामितिtadetattrayam̐ śikṣed damaṃ dānaṃ dayāmitiLearn three cardinal virtues - self restraint, charity and compassion for all life.

##### Derived terms

* अन्नदान (annadāna)
* गोदान (godāna)

##### Descendants

* Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀤𑀸𑀦 (dāna) (Girnar)
** Sylheti: ꠖꠣꠘ (dan)
** Bengali: দান (dan)
** Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀤𑀸𑀦 (dāna)
*** Old Gujarati: दाण (dāṇa)
**** Gujarati: દાણ (dāṇ)
*** Old Hindi: दान (dāna)
**** Braj: दान (dān)
**** Hindi: दान (dān)
**** Urdu: دان (dān)
* Pali: dāna
** → Burmese: ဒါန (dana.)
** → Khmer: ទាន (tiən)
** → Lao: ທານ (thān)
** → Mon: ဒါန်
** → Thai: ทาน (taan)

###### Borrowings

* → Balinese: ᬤᬵᬦ (dana)
* → English: dana
* → Classical Malay: dana
** Malay: dana
*** Indonesian: dana
* → Middle Chinese: 旦那 (MC tanH na), 檀那 (MC dan na)
** Chinese: 檀那 (tánnà)
    Mandarin: 檀那 (tánnà)
** → Japanese: 旦那 (danna)
* → Old Javanese: dāna
** > Javanese: ꦢꦤ (dana) (inherited)
* → Old Gujarati: दान (dāna)
* → Punjabi: ਦਾਨ (dān)/ دان (dān)

### Etymology 2

From √dā, variant of √do ("divide, cut, reap, mow"). Cognate to Ancient Greek δαίω (daíō, “to divide”).

#### Noun

दान • (dā́na) stem, n
* cutting off, splitting, dividing
* pasture, meadow

##### Declension
### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “दान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 474/1.