OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# jaring
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay jaring, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zariŋ (“noose or net trap”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈd͡ʒarɪŋ]
* Hyphenation: ja‧ring

### Noun

jaring (uncountable)
* net: a mesh of string, cord or rope.
** a device made from such mesh, used for catching fish, butterflies, etc.; a device made from such mesh, generally used for trapping something.
** (sports) a mesh stretched to divide the court in tennis, badminton, volleyball, etc.
    Synonym: net
** (sports) a framework backed by a mesh, serving as the goal in hockey, soccer, lacrosse, etc.
* (figurative) trap.

#### Hyponyms

* jaring angkat
* jaring angkat tetap
* jaring dorong
* jaring gawang
* jaring gol
* jaring halau
* jaring hanyut
* jaring insang
* jaring kantong
* jaring kantong kapal
* jaring penaung
* jaring penerbangan tetap
* jaring pengaman sosial
* jaring peta
* jaring plankton

#### Derived terms

* berjaring
* berjaring-jaring
* jaring-jaring
* jaringan
* jejaring
* jemaring
* menjaring
* menjaringkan
* penjaring
* penjaringan
* terjaring

### Further reading

* “jaring” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zariŋ (“noose or net trap”). Compare Javanese jaring.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒariŋ/
* Rhymes: -ariŋ, -riŋ, -iŋ
* (Johor-Riau) IPA: [d͡ʒäɣɪŋ, -ɣeŋ, -ɣe̞ŋ]

### Noun

jaring (Jawi spelling جاريڠ, plural jaring-jaring, informal 1st possessive jaringku, 2nd possessive jaringmu, 3rd possessive jaringnya)
* net: a mesh of string, cord or rope
** a device made from such mesh, used for catching fish, butterflies, etc.; a device made from such mesh, generally used for trapping something.
** (sports) a mesh stretched to divide the court in tennis, badminton, volleyball, etc.
    Synonym: net
** (sports) a framework backed by a mesh, serving as the goal in hockey, soccer, lacrosse, etc.
* (figurative) trap.

### Further reading

* “jaring” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
* Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
# greifi
## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse greifi, a borrowing of Old Saxon grāvio, from Proto-West Germanic *garāfijō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkreiːvɪ/
    Rhymes: -eiːvɪ

### Noun

greifi m (genitive singular greifa, nominative plural greifar)
* a count, an earl
    Drakúla greifi.Count Dracula.

#### See also

* jarl
# ferah
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

Arabic فَرَح (faraḥ)

### Adjective

ferah
* glad.

### References

* Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

## Old High German
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ferh, from Proto-Germanic *ferhuz.

### Noun

ferah ?
* life
** Hildebrandslied, ll. 7-9
    hıltıbrant gımahalta herıbranteſ ſunu her uuaſ heroro man feraheſ frotoro • her fragen gıſtuont fohem uuortum • ƿer ſin fater ƿarı […]Hildebrand spoke, Heribrand's son—he was a hoarier man, wiser of life;—he posed his question with few words, who his [Hadubrand's] father might be […]
* (religion) soul
* (religion) spirit

#### Declension
### References

* Grimm, Jacob, Teutonic Mythology, 1545

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /feˈɾah/
* Hyphenation: fe‧rah

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish فرح (ferah), from Arabic فَرَح (faraḥ).

#### Noun

ferah (definite accusative ferahı, plural ferahlar)
* State of inner peace, serenity, contentment.

##### Declension
#### Adjective

ferah
* peaceful, serene, without worry

##### Derived terms

* ferah tutmak
* ferahfeza
* ferahlamak
* ferahlatmak
* ferahlık
* ferahnak

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish فراخ (ferāḫ), from Persian فراخ (ferâx), from Arabic فَرَح (faraḥ).

#### Adjective

ferah
* wide, spacious, roomy
* (of a place) Eliciting spirit lifting feelings, airy and well-lit.

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فَرَح”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1373
* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فَرَح”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 892
* ↑ Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901) “فَرَح”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 987
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ferah”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فراخ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1370
* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فراخ”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 889
* ↑ Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901) “فراخ”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 985

### Further reading

* “ferah”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ferah”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1639
# lagaña
## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* legaña

### Etymology

Uncertain, possibly from a Paleohispanic language.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /laˈɡaɲa/ [laˈɣ̞a.ɲa]
* Rhymes: -aɲa
* Syllabification: la‧ga‧ña

### Noun

lagaña f (plural lagañas)
* sleep (rheum found in the corner of the eye after sleeping)
    Synonym: (El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras) chele

#### Derived terms

* lagañoso

### Further reading

* “lagaña”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# hứa
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 許 (“to promise”).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [hɨə˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [hɨə˨˩˦]
* (Saigon) IPA: [hɨə˦˥]
* Homophone: Hứa

### Verb

hứa
* to promise; to make a promise

#### Derived terms

* hứa hẹn
* lời hứa
* thất hứa
# støt
## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /støt/, [ˈsd̥ød̥]

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Norwegian støtt, a neuter and adverb of stø, from Old Norse -stœðr, from Proto-Germanic *stōdiz.

#### Adjective

støt (plural and definite singular attributive støtte)
* steady
** 2004, Navigation 8 : teknisk og elektronisk navigation : tekniske kompasser : styresystemer : dynamisk positionering : dockingsystemer : inertinavigation., Iver C Weilbach, →ISBN, page 52:Nu vil ydre kraftpåvirkninger aldrig være konstante i længere tid, og skibet vil således ikke kunne forblive på en støt kurs.Now, external affecting forces will never remain constant for long times, and so, the ship will not be able to maintain a steady course.
** 2015, Liza Marklund, Jernblod, Rosinante & Co, →ISBN:THOMAS LOD FØDDERNE banke mod asfalten i en støt takt på omkring syv minutter per kilometer.THOMAS LET HIS FEET knock against the asphalt in a steady tact of around seven minutes per kilometer.
** 2014, Barbara Dunlop, Joanne Rock, Guldhjertets magt/En fræk nat, Förlaget Harlequin AB, →ISBN:En støt strøm af biler rullede ned ad avenuen i sneglefart for at se og blive set.A steady stream of cars rolled down the avenue at a snail's pace to see and be seen.

##### Usage notes

Especially used to modify the noun tempo.

#### Adverb

støt
* steady, without being interrupted
** 2012, Lotte og Søren Hammer, Pigen i Satans Mose, Gyldendal A/S, →ISBN:Knap fyrre kvinder arbejdede for ham, og antallet blev støt og roligt udbygget i takt med, at han og hans hustru, Karina Larsen, fandt nye egnede værtsfamilier.Almost forty women worked for him, and the number slowly and steadily increased as he and his wife, Karina Larsen, found new suitable host families.
** 2012, Frank Stokholm, Mikael R. Lindholm, ISS - Den danske ledelseskanon, 1: Succes med skandinavisk ledelse, Gyldendal A/S, →ISBN:Risikoen for, at tyve og andre uvedkommende sneg sig ind på virksomhederne om natten, blev støt større.The risk of thieves and other people with no business sneaking into the firms in the night steadily increased.
** 2014, Leif Davidsen, Steinbecks spøgelse - jagten på en forfatter, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:Linjen var bestemt ikke fastlagt og blev støt og roligt flyttet længere og længere vestpå i takt med pionerernes fremrykning.The line was certainly not constant, and was slowly and steadily moved longer and longer west as the pioneers went forth.

#### References

* “støt” in Den Danske Ordbog

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

støt
* imperative of støtte

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Alternative forms

* støyt (Nynorsk also)

### Noun

støt n (definite singular støtet, indefinite plural støt, definite plural støta or støtene)
* impact, jolt
* shock
    elektrisk støt - electric shock

#### Derived terms

* kulestøt
* sammenstøt
* støtdemper
* støtfanger
* støttann
* støtvis
# ekseriya
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish اكثریا (ekseriyyā), from Arabic أَكْثَرِيًّا (ʔakṯariyyan, “mostly, generally”), from أَكْثَر (ʔakṯar).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈec.se.ɾi.jaː/
* Hyphenation: ek‧se‧ri‧ya

### Adverb

ekseriya
* (dated) generally, mostly, usually
    Synonyms: genellikle, çoğunlukla, (dated) ekseriyetle, (dated) ekseri, (archaic) alelumum

#### Related terms

* ekser
* ekseriyet
* kesret
* Kevser
* teksir

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اكثریا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 171
* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “اكثریا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 126
* ↑ Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901) “اَكثَرِیّا”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 144

### Further reading

* “ekseriya”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ekseriya”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1398
# δέρη
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* δείρεα (deírea)
* δειρή (deirḗ) — Ionic
* δέρα (déra)
* δέρϝα (dérwa)
* δηρή (dērḗ)

### Etymology

Has been compared with Sanskrit ग्रीवा (grīvā́, “neck”), Proto-Slavic *griva (“mane”) and Latvian grīva (“estuary”), all from Proto-Indo-European *gʷer- (“to swallow”) (see *gʷriHwéh₂ (“throat”)). However, according to Beekes, a much better etymology is offered by δειράς (deirás), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dé.rɛː/ → /ˈðe.ri/ → /ˈðe.ri/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /dé.rɛː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈde.re̝/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈðe.ri/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈðe.ri/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈðe.ri/

### Noun

δέρη • (dérē) f (genitive δέρης); first declension
* (anatomy) neck, throat
* mane of a lion
* collar
* (in the plural) gully, glen

#### Derived terms

* δειράδιον (deirádion)
* δειρητής (deirētḗs)
* δέραιον (déraion)
* δεριστήρ (deristḗr)

### References

* δέρη in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# pèl
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin pilus, from Proto-Indo-European *pil-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Valencia) [ˈpɛl]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ˈpəl]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

pèl m (plural pèls)
* hair
* (figurative) bit, dash (small amount)
    Li falta un pèl de sal, a la truita. ― The omelet lacks a bit of salt.

#### Derived terms

* a pèl
* al pèl
* contrapel
* pèl caní
* pèl-roig
* pelatge
* prendre el pèl
* repel

#### See also

* cabell

### Further reading

* “pèl” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “pèl”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “pèl” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “pèl” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Occitan
### Alternative forms

* pèth (Gascony)
* peu (Limousin)
* pèu (Provençal)

### Etymology

From Old Occitan, from Latin pellis, pellem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (East Languedocien) [ˈpɛl]
* IPA: (West Languedocien) [ˈpɛl]
* Audio (West Languedoc):(file)

### Noun

pèl f (plural pèls)
* (Languedoc) skin

### References

* Joan de Cantalausa (2006) Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians‎, 2 edition, →ISBN, page 728.
* Müller, Daniela. 2011. Developments of the lateral in Occitan dialects and their Romance and cross-linguistic context. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Toulouse.
* ↑ Müller 2011: 43. Likewise for the other pronunciation.
# sand nigger
## English
### Alternative forms

* sandnigga, sand-nigger, sandnigger

### Etymology

From sand +‎ nigger, referring to the several deserts located in much of the region.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

sand nigger (plural sand niggers)
* (derogatory, offensive, ethnic slur) A person of Middle Eastern or North African descent.
* (derogatory, offensive, religious slur) A Muslim.
** 1996, Pony Duke, Jason Thomas, Too Rich: The Family Secrets of Doris Duke, page 206:Lafferty would point to one cracked Islamic plate ( which was in a case in the dining room in Honolulu ) and say “ can you believe this piece of shit is worth millions of dollars ? ' Lafferty would say the Islamic art was made by ' sand niggers '.
** 2003, Jennifer Spangler, A Memorial to Terrorism's Victims, page 7:[…] which included a drive-by shooting at a mosque in Stillwater, Oklahoma, and verbal and physical assaults on Muslims who were called “sand niggers."
** 2008, Katherine Pratt Ewing, Being and Belonging: Muslims in the United States Since 9/11, page 84:At local universities, there were a few incidents of students spitting on and throwing rocks at Muslim women. Verbal violence was also reported. One teenage interviewee described separate incidents in which two brothers were called sand niggers, and one was brutally beaten.
** 2015, Jared William Carter, The Southern Saint of Tennessee:We didn't hate blacks anymore we hated Muslims. They were the new type of niggers to all the Navy men and us, and veterans in our town called them “sand niggers."

#### Descendants

* → Finnish: hiekkaneekeri (calque)

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* gardenings
# διαλυτός
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

δῐᾰλῡ́ω (dĭălū́ō, “loose one from another, part asunder”) +‎ -τός (-tós, “a suffix that creates verbal adjectives of possibility, either active or passive”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /di.a.ly.tós/ → /ði.a.lyˈtos/ → /ði.a.liˈtos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /di.a.ly.tós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /di.a.lyˈtos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ði.a.lyˈtos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ði.a.lyˈtos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ði.a.liˈtos/

### Adjective

δῐᾰλῠτός • (dĭălŭtós) m (feminine δῐᾰλῠτή, neuter δῐᾰλῠτόν); first/second declension
* capable of dissolution
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 80b
** 360 BCE, Plato, Timaeus 57b
* destructible, perishable
** 280 BCE – 220 BCE, Philo of Byzantium, Compendium of Mechanics 1.495
** 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, D. 3.9

#### Synonyms

* (destructible, perishable): φθαρτός (phthartós)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “destructible, perishable”): ἀΐδῐος (aḯdĭos)

### Further reading

* διαλυτός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* “διαλυτός”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
* “διαλυτός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. dissoluble idem, page 240.

## Greek
### Adjective

διαλυτός • (dialytós) m (feminine διαλυτή, neuter διαλυτό)
* soluble, dissolvable (of a solid in a solvent)

#### Derived terms

* λιποδιαλυτός (lipodialytós)
* υδατοδιαλυτός (ydatodialytós)
# z lubością
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “with pleasure”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /z luˈbɔɕ.t͡ɕɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /z luˈbɔɕ.t͡ɕɔm/
* Syllabification: z lu‧boś‧cią

### Adverb

z lubością (not comparable)
* (idiomatic, literary) with pleasure
    Synonym: z przyjemnością

#### Related terms

* luby
* lubo
* lubość

### Further reading

* z lubością in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* z lubością in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# dệt
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [zet̚˧˨ʔ]
* (Huế) IPA: [jet̚˨˩ʔ]
* (Saigon) IPA: [jəːt̚˨˩˨]

### Verb

dệt • (𦂾, 𦄅)
* to weave

#### Derived terms

* thêu dệt
* thêu hoa dệt gấm
* thợ dệt
# tørre
## Danish
### Etymology

tør +‎ -e

### Verb

tørre (past tense tørrede, past participle tørret)
* (transitive) to dry, to cause to become dry
* (intransitive) to dry, to become dry; towel off
* to wipe
    at tørre støv af ― to wipe off; to dust off;
    Synonym: frottere

#### Derived terms

* aftørre
* tørreloft
* tørresnor
* tørrestue
* udtørre

#### Related terms

* støv

### References

* “tørre” in Den Danske Ordbog (verb)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1
#### Adjective

tørre
* definite singular of tørr
* plural of tørr

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

tørre (present tense tør, past tense torde or turde, past participle tort or turt)
* Alternative form of tore (“to dare”)

### References

* “tørre” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Adjective

tørre
* definite singular of tørr
* plural of tørr
# autonomy
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ (autonomĭ́ā, “freedom to use its own laws, independence”), from αὐτόνομος (autónomos, “living under one's own laws, independent”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā, “-y, -ia”, nominal suffix). By surface analysis, auto- (“self”) +‎ -nomy (“a system of rules or laws about a particular field”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ɔːˈtɒn.ə.mi/
* (General American) IPA: /ɔˈtɑ.nə.mi/
* (cot–caught merger) IPA: /ɑˈtɑ.nə.mi/
** Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒnəmi

### Noun

autonomy (countable and uncountable, plural autonomies)
* (uncountable) The right or condition of self-government; freedom to act or function independently.
    Antonyms: dependency, heteronomy, servitude, nonautonomy, inoperability
    Coordinate term: sovereignty
** 1951, Theodor W. Adorno, Minima Moralia‎, Verso, published 2005, page 200:But while assiduously dismissing any though of its own autonomy and proclaiming its victims its judges, it outdoes, in its veiled autocracy, all the excesses of autonomous art.
* (government, countable) A self-governing country or region.
* (philosophy, uncountable) The capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision.
* (mechanics, uncountable) The capacity of a system to make a decision about its actions without the involvement of another system or operator.
    Antonyms: heteronomy, incapacity
** 1992, Steven Weinberg, Dreams of a Final Theory, Pantheon Books, page 41:...[T]he fact that a scientific theory finds applications to a wide variety of different phenomena does not imply anything about the autonomy of this theory from deeper physical laws.
* (Christianity, uncountable) The status of a church whose highest-ranking bishop is appointed by the patriarch of the mother church, but which is self-governing in all other respects. Compare autocephaly.

#### Derived terms

* autonomation
* autonomic
* autonomist
* nonautonomy
* semiautonomy

#### Related terms

* autonomous
* dysautonomia

#### Translations
### References

* “autonomy”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* “autonomy”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
# ᦵᦣᦲ
## Lü
### Etymology

From Proto-Southwestern Tai *rɯəᴬ⁴ (“boat”), from Proto-Tai *C̬.rwɯəᴬ (“boat”).
Cognate with Thai เรือ (rʉʉa), Northern Thai ᩁᩮᩬᩥᩋ, Isan เฮือ, Lao ເຮືອ (hư̄a), Shan ႁိူဝ်း (hóe), Tai Nüa ᥞᥫᥰ (höe), Tai Dam ꪹꪭ, Ahom 𑜍𑜢𑜤𑜈𑜫 (rüw), Zhuang ruz, Zuojiang Zhuang rwaz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hɤː˥˩/

### Noun

ᦵᦣᦲ • (hoe) (classifier ᦅᧃ or ᦟᧄ)
* boat

#### Derived terms

* ᦑᦱᧈᦵᦣᦲ (taa¹hoe)
* ᦓᦻᦵᦣᦲ (naayhoe)
* ᦣᦱᧁᦵᦣᦲ (haawhoe)
* ᦵᦣᦲᦂᦳᧂᦵᦦᧃ (hoek̇ungk̇wen)
* ᦵᦣᦲᦵᦉᦲᧅ (hoeṡoek)
* ᦵᦣᦲᦺᦝ (hoefay)
* ᦵᦣᦲᦢᦲᧃ (hoeḃiin)

### References

* Hanna, William J. (2019) “Query for ᦵᦣᦲ”, in Dai Lue - English Dictionary (in Chinese), SIL International
# golvan
## Breton
### Etymology

Compare Old Irish gelbann.

### Noun

golvan m (plural golvini)
* sparrow

#### Inflection
## Cornish
### Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Brythonic *gulbi̯o- (“sharp point”), referring to the beak. Cognate with Breton golvan, Irish gealbhan, Manx gialloon, Scottish Gaelic gealbhonn, and Welsh golfan.

### Noun

golvan m (plural golvanes)
* sparrow
# syaitan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay syaitan, from Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān). Doublet of setan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʃai̯.tan/
* Rhymes: -tan, -an, -n
* Hyphenation: syai‧tan

### Noun

syaitan
* (Islam) a demon/devil; or evil jinn

## Malay
### Etymology

From Arabic شَيْطَان (šayṭān). Doublet of setan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʃai̯.tan], [ʃai̯.t(ˤ)ɑn]
* Rhymes: -tan, -an
* Hyphenation: syai‧tan

### Noun

syaitan (Jawi spelling شيطان, plural syaitan-syaitan)
* Satan, the Devil.
    Synonym: setan (informal)

#### Affixations

* kesyaitanan

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: syaitan

### Further reading

* “syaitan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# gượng
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 強 (“to force, to make an effort; forced”, SV: cưỡng).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ɣɨəŋ˧˨ʔ]
* (Huế) IPA: [ɣɨəŋ˨˩ʔ]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ɣɨəŋ˨˩˨]

### Adjective

gượng
* strained, forced, unnatural
    Diễn xuất gượng gạo quá.The acting looks so forced.

#### Derived terms

* gắng gượng
* gượng ép
* gượng gạo (từ láy)
# 화장
## Korean
### Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 化粧

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɸwa̠d͡ʑa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [화장]

#### Noun

화장 • (hwajang) (hanja 化粧)
* makeup

##### Derived terms

* 농화장 (濃化粧, nonghwajang)
* 진화장 (津化粧, jinhwajang)
* 화장실 (化粧室, hwajangsil)
* 화장품 (化粧品, hwajangpum)
* 화장하다 (化粧—, hwajanghada)

### Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 火葬

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈɸwa̠(ː)d͡ʑa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [화(ː)장]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

화장 • (hwajang) (hanja 火葬)
* cremation

##### Derived terms

* 생화장 (生火葬, saenghwajang)
* 화장되다 (火葬—, hwajangdoeda)
* 화장하다 (火葬—, hwajanghada)

### Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 畫匠

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈɸwa̠(ː)d͡ʑa̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [화(ː)장]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

화장 • (hwajang) (hanja 畫匠)
* artisan; painter

##### Synonyms

* 화가 (畫家, hwaga)
# mascarell
## Catalan
### Etymology

From mascara (“soot”) +‎ -ell.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [məs.kəˈɾeʎ]
* IPA: (Valencia) [mas.kaˈɾeʎ]

### Adjective

mascarell (feminine mascarella, masculine plural mascarells, feminine plural mascarelles)
* sooty
    Synonym: emmascarat

### Noun

mascarell m (plural mascarells)
* the northern gannet (Morus bassanus)
    Synonyms: mascarell atlàntic, sotaler, bec de trinxet
* any of various others birds in the family Sulidae; the boobies and gannets

#### Derived terms

* mascarell atlàntic
* mascarell australià
* mascarell bru
* mascarell cama-roig
* mascarell camablau
* mascarell d'Abbott
* mascarell de Grant
* mascarell de Tasmània
* mascarell del Cap
* mascarell del Perú
* mascarell emmascarat

### Further reading

* “mascarell” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “mascarell” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.