# cobrar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), a back-formation from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence Catalan recobrar. Doublet of recuperar, a borrowing from Latin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [kuˈβɾa]
* IPA: (Balearic) [koˈbɾa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [koˈbɾaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

cobrar (first-person singular present cobro, first-person singular preterite cobrí, past participle cobrat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/
* (transitive) to charge (money)
* (transitive) to collect, receive (payment)
* (transitive) to earn, be paid

#### Related terms

* recobrar

### References

* “cobrar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “cobrar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “cobrar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “cobrar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

### Anagrams

* barroc, brocar, corbar

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cobrar, from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), rebracketing from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence Galician recobrar. Doublet of recuperar, a borrowing from Latin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [koˈβɾaɾ]

### Verb

cobrar (first-person singular present cobro, first-person singular preterite cobrei, past participle cobrado)
* (transitive, archaic) to recover, regain
* (transitive, archaic) to earn, win
* (transitive) to charge (ask for a certain amount of money for something)
* (transitive) to collect, receive (payment)
* (nautical, transitive) to haul
    Synonym: halar
* (figuratively) to have what one's deserve (what goes around comes around)
    Para, nena, que vas cobrar! ― Stop it, child, or you'll have what you are asking for

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cobrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cobrar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cobrar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “cobrar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cobrar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “cobrar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cobrar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), a back-formation from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence recobrar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ko.ˈbɾaɾ/
* Rhymes: -aɾ

### Verb

cobrar
* to recover; to regain
** 13th century CE, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 3 (facsimile):
    Eſta é de como ſanta maria fez cobrar a Theophilo a carta que fezera cono demo u ſe tornou ſeu vaſſalo.
       This one is (about) how Holy Mary recovered for Theophilos the contract he had made with the Devil and became his vassal.

#### Descendants

* Galician: cobrar
* Portuguese: cobrar

#### Further reading

* Universo Cantigas - "cobrar"

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cobrar, from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), a back-formation from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence Portuguese recobrar. Doublet of recuperar, a borrowing from Latin.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /koˈbɾa(ʁ)/ [koˈbɾa(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /koˈbɾa(ʁ)/ [koˈbɾa(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /koˈbɾa(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /koˈbɾa(ʁ)/ [koˈbɾa(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /koˈbɾa(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kuˈbɾaɾ/ [kuˈβɾaɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kuˈbɾaɾ/ [kuˈβɾaɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /kuˈbɾa.ɾi/ [kuˈβɾa.ɾi]
* Hyphenation: co‧brar

### Verb

cobrar (first-person singular present cobro, first-person singular preterite cobrei, past participle cobrado)(transitive)
* to charge (ask for a certain amount of money for something)
* to demand payment
* (by extension) to demand that something be done
** 2024 September 7, “Bolsonaro reúne milhares na Paulista, cobra freio a Moraes e repete pedido de anistia do 8/1”, in Folha de S.Paulo‎:Ele cobrou freio ao magistrado e repetiu pedidos de anistia a presos pelo 8 de janeiro de 2023.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (sports) to take
    Synonym: bater
    cobrar falta ― to take a free kick

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Synonyms

* (to demand): exigir, mandar

#### Related terms

* cobrado
* cobrador
* cobrança

### References

* http://www.aulete.com.br/cobrar
* https://www.infopedia.pt/dicionarios/lingua-portuguesa/cobrar

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cuperāre (“take, seize”), a back-formation from Latin recuperāre (“recover, regain”), whence Spanish recobrar. Doublet of recuperar, a borrowing from Latin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koˈbɾaɾ/ [koˈβ̞ɾaɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: co‧brar

### Verb

cobrar (first-person singular present cobro, first-person singular preterite cobré, past participle cobrado)
* to charge (money, etc.)
    Me habéis cobrado dos veces.You've charged me twice.
* to collect
* to gather up (strength, bravery etc.)
* to pay for something (get one's dues)
* (reflexive) to claim (lives)
    El incendio se cobró tres vidas.The fire claimed three lives.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* cobranza
* cobrar forma
* cobrar sentido
* cobrar vida

#### Related terms

* cobrador
* recobrar

#### Descendants

* Chavacano: cobra
* → Cebuano: kobra
* → Tagalog: kobra

### Further reading

* “cobrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10