OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# sunat
## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsunat̪̚]
* Hyphenation: su‧nat
* Rhymes: -at

### Etymology 1

From Javanese sunat.

#### Noun

sunat (plural)
* circumcision (excising foreskin from penis)
    Synonyms: khitan, sirkumsisi

#### Affixed terms

* bersunat
* menyunat
* menyunati
* menyunatkan
* penyunat
* penyunatan
* sunatan

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

sunat (plural)
* (nonstandard) Alternative spelling of sunah (“recommended practice”)

### Further reading

* “sunat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Arabic سُنَّة (sunna, “a recommended practice”).

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -at

### Noun

sunat (Jawi spelling سونت, plural sunat-sunat, informal 1st possessive sunatku, 2nd possessive sunatmu, 3rd possessive sunatnya)
* (Islam) circumcision (excising foreskin from penis)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Past participle of suna.

### Noun

sunat n (uncountable)
* called

#### Declension
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* sonat — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian سُنَّت (sunnat), from Arabic سُنَّة (sunna). Compare Maranao sonat (“clean”), Tausug sunnat (“circumcise by lightly scraping the clitoris”), and Malay sunat (“circumcision”). Doublet of sunna.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /suˈnat/ [sʊˈn̪at̪̚]
* Rhymes: -at
* Syllabification: su‧nat

### Noun

sunát (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓᜈᜆ᜔) (obsolete)
* circumcision
    Synonym: tuli
* female circumcision; excision of a woman's clitoris as part of Brunei custom [16th–17th c.]

#### Derived terms

* magsunat
* masunat
* pasunat
* sumunat
* sunatin

#### See also

* katan

### Further reading

* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
* San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎, La Noble Villa de Pila, page 617: “Zircunçiſion) Sonat (pc) M. de mujer en la clica coſtũbre de Burnay, vſauan la eſtos naſoſonat ca?”
* Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2013) Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 157
* Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2017) Ancient Beliefs and Customs of the Tagalogs, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 543
# lábio
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin labium (“lip”), from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈla.bi.u/ [ˈla.bɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /ˈla.bju/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈla.bi.u/ [ˈla.bɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /ˈla.bju/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈla.bi.o/ [ˈla.bɪ.o], (faster pronunciation) /ˈla.bjo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈla.bju/ [ˈla.βju]
* Rhymes: (Brazil) -abiu, (Portugal) -abju
* Hyphenation: lá‧bi‧o

### Noun

lábio m (plural lábios)
* lip (fleshy protrusion framing the mouth)
* labium (liplike structure; especially one of the two pairs of folds of skin either side of the vulva)
* labium (lip of a labiate corolla)

#### Synonyms

* (lip): beiço

#### Derived terms

* grandes lábios
* lábio leporino
* labiodental
* labionasal
* pequenos lábios

#### Related terms

* lábia
* labiada
* labiado
* labial
* labioso
# laryngogram
## English
### Etymology

From laryngo- +‎ -gram.

### Noun

laryngogram (plural laryngograms)
* Synonym of laryngograph.
# putting on the dog
## English
### Verb

putting on the dog
* present participle and gerund of put on the dog
# reconstituir
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From re- +‎ constituir.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.kõs.t͡ʃiˈtujʁ/ [he.kõs.t͡ʃiˈtuɪ̯h]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.kõs.t͡ʃiˈtujʁ/ [he.kõs.t͡ʃiˈtuɪ̯h]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ʁe.kõs.t͡ʃiˈtujɾ/ [he.kõs.t͡ʃiˈtuɪ̯ɾ]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ʁe.kõʃ.t͡ʃiˈtujʁ/ [χe.kõʃ.t͡ʃiˈtuɪ̯χ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.kõs.t͡ʃiˈtujɻ/ [he.kõs.t͡ʃiˈtuɪ̯ɻ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɨ.kõʃ.tiˈtujɾ/
* Hyphenation: re‧cons‧ti‧tu‧ir

### Verb

reconstituir (first-person singular present reconstituo, first-person singular preterite reconstituí, past participle reconstituído)
* to reconstitute

#### Conjugation
## Spanish
### Etymology

From re- +‎ constituir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rekonstiˈtwiɾ/ [re.kõns.t̪iˈt̪wiɾ]
* Rhymes: -iɾ
* Syllabification: re‧cons‧ti‧tuir

### Verb

reconstituir (first-person singular present reconstituyo, first-person singular preterite reconstituí, past participle reconstituido)
* (transitive) to reconstitute

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* reconstitución
* reconstituyente

### Further reading

* “reconstituir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# բիւր
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* բեւր (bewr) (more archaic)

### Etymology

The older spelling is բեւր (bewr), borrowed from Parthian 𐫁𐫏𐫇𐫡 (bywr), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *baywā́.

### Numeral

բիւր • (biwr)
* ten thousand, myriad
    բիւր, բիւրս ― biwr, biwrs ― ten thousand times, several times, often

#### Declension
### Noun

բիւր • (biwr)
* (by extension) large quantity, host

#### Declension
### Adjective

բիւր • (biwr)
* (by extension) innumerable, countless

#### Derived terms

* բազմաբիւր (bazmabiwr)
* բազմաբիւրաւոր (bazmabiwrawor)
* բիւրաբառեան (biwrabaṙean)
* բիւրաբառութիւն (biwrabaṙutʻiwn)
* բիւրաբեղուն (biwrabełun)
* բիւրաբեր (biwraber)
* բիւրագլխի (biwraglxi)
* բիւրագոյն (biwragoyn)
* բիւրագործ (biwragorc)
* բիւրադէմ (biwradēm)
* բիւրազգի (biwrazgi)
* բիւրակ (biwrak)
* բիւրակաճառ (biwrakačaṙ)
* բիւրական (biwrakan)
* բիւրակերպ (biwrakerp)
* բիւրակերպեան (biwrakerpean)
* բիւրակնեայ (biwrakneay)
* բիւրակործան (biwrakorcan)
* բիւրահոս (biwrahos)
* բիւրամասնեայ (biwramasneay)
* բիւրամեան (biwramean)
* բիւրային (biwrayin)
* բիւրաչեայ (biwračʻeay)
* բիւրապատահար (biwrapatahar)
* բիւրապատիժ (biwrapatiž)
* բիւրապատիկ (biwrapatik)
* բիւրապատկանագոյն (biwrapatkanagoyn)
* բիւրապատկեան (biwrapatkean)
* բիւրապատկեմ (biwrapatkem)
* բիւրապատկիմ (biwrapatkim)
* բիւրապարտ (biwrapart)
* բիւրաստեղն (biwrastełn)
* բիւրատեսակ (biwratesak)
* բիւրաւոր (biwrawor)
* բիւրեակ (biwreak)
* բիւրին (biwrin)
* բիւրոստեան (biwrostean)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: բյուր (byur)
* Old Georgian: ბევრი (bevri) (possibly)

### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “բիւր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “բիւր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “բիւր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) “*baiu̯ar- / *baiu̯an-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 64
# Gefährtin
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡəˈfɛːɐ̯tɪn/ (standard; used naturally in western Germany and Switzerland)
* IPA: /ɡəˈfeːɐ̯tɪn/ (overall more common; particularly northern and eastern regions)
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛʁtɪn
* Hyphenation: Ge‧fähr‧tin

### Noun

Gefährtin f (genitive Gefährtin, plural Gefährtinnen, masculine Gefährte)
* companion (female, or sexless but feminine), friend (female, or sexless but feminine)
    Sie war meine Gefährtin für viele Jahre. ― She was my companion for many years.

#### Derived terms

* Bettgefährtin
* Jugendgefährtin
* Kampfgefährtin
* Lebensabschnittsgefährtin
* Lebensgefährtin
* Leidensgefährtin
* Lieblingsgefährtin
* Reisegefährtin
* Schicksalsgefährtin
* Spielgefährtin
* Stallgefährtin
* Teamgefährtin
* Trinkgefährtin
* Waffengefährtin
* Weggefährtin

### Further reading

* “Gefährtin” in Duden online
* “Gefährtin” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# ligi
## Esperanto
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ligō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈliɡi]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iɡi
* Hyphenation: li‧gi

### Verb

ligi (present ligas, past ligis, future ligos, conditional ligus, volitive ligu)
* to tie, bind
* to link

#### Antonyms

* malligi

#### Derived terms

* alligi (“to fasten to, to tie on”)
* kunligi (“to bind together”)
* ligiĝi (“to become linked, attached”)
* ligilo (“link, hyperlink”)
* ligo (“connection, league”)

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈli.d͡ʒi/
* Rhymes: -idʒi
* Hyphenation: lì‧gi

### Adjective

ligi m pl
* masculine plural of ligio

## Lithuanian
### Etymology

A variant of lìg (“to, till”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlʲɪɡʲɪ/

### Preposition

lìgi
* (with genitive) till, until

### References

* ↑ Derksen, Rick (2015) “lig”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285

## Norman
### Etymology

From Old French legier, from Vulgar Latin *leviārius, from *levius +‎ -ārius, the former element representing an alteration of Latin levis (“lightweight”). Compare French léger, Catalan lleuger, Occitan leugièr.

### Adjective

ligi
* (Jersey) light

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈli.ɡi/
* Rhymes: -iɡi
* Syllabification: li‧gi

### Noun

ligi f
* inflection of liga:
** genitive singular
** nominative/accusative/vocative plural

## Swahili
### Etymology

Borrowed from English league.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

ligi class IX (plural ligi class X)
* (sports) league

## Turkish
### Noun

ligi
* definite accusative singular of lig
# maarhte
## Southern Sami
### Etymology

From Proto-Samic *mārttë, borrowed from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*marþu-), from Proto-Germanic *marþuz.

### Noun

maarhte
* pine marten, Martes martes
* marten in general, any species of Martes

#### Further reading

* Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
# pabagsak
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

From pa- +‎ bagsak.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: pa‧bag‧sak
* IPA: /pabaɡˈsak/ [pa.baɡˈsak]

### Noun

pabagsak
* bribe
    Synonyms: suhol, lagay, soborno

#### Derived terms

* magpabagsak
* pabagsakan
# síndrome do ninho vazio
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Likely a calque of English empty nest syndrome.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈsĩ.dɾo.mi du ˈnĩ.ɲu vaˈzi.u/ [ˈsĩ.dɾo.mi du ˈnĩ.j̃u vaˈzi.u], /ˈsĩ.dɾo.mi du ˈnĩ.ɲu vaˈziw/ [ˈsĩ.dɾo.mi du ˈnĩ.j̃u vaˈziʊ̯]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈsĩ.dɾo.mi du ˈnĩ.ɲu vaˈzi.u/ [ˈsĩ.dɾo.mi du ˈnĩ.j̃u vaˈzi.u], /ˈsĩ.dɾo.mi du ˈnĩ.ɲu vaˈziw/ [ˈsĩ.dɾo.mi du ˈnĩ.j̃u vaˈziʊ̯]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈsĩ.dɾo.me do ˈni.ɲo vaˈzi.u/, /ˈsĩ.dɾo.me do ˈni.ɲo vaˈziw/ [ˈsĩ.dɾo.me do ˈni.ɲo vaˈziʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈsĩ.dɾu.mɨ du ˈni.ɲu vɐˈzi.u/ [ˈsĩ.dɾu.mɨ ðu ˈni.ɲu vɐˈzi.u]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈsĩ.dɾu.mɨ du ˈni.ɲu vɐˈzi.u/ [ˈsĩ.dɾu.mɨ ðu ˈni.ɲu vɐˈzi.u]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈsĩ.dɾu.mɨ du ˈni.ɲu bɐˈzi.u/ [ˈsĩ.dɾu.mɨ ðu ˈni.ɲu βɐˈzi.u]

### Noun

síndrome do ninho vazio f (uncountable)
* empty nest syndrome (a feeling of loneliness or depression experienced by some parents when their children have matured and left home)

#### Related terms

* ninho vazio

### Further reading

* síndrome do ninho vazio on the Portuguese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{pt}$
# արօտ
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* արաւտ (arawt)

### Etymology

The original spelling is արաւտ (arawt), probably from Proto-Indo-European *trh₂ǵ-ti-, a deverbative noun based on *treh₂ǵ-, whence արածեմ (aracem).
According to Ałayan, the word contains the suffix -աւտ (-awt), but this is considered improbable by Martirosyan.

### Noun

արօտ • (arōt)
* pasture, pastureland
* herbage, grass for grazing

#### Derived terms

* աղաւնարօտ (aławnarōt)
* արօտաբոյծ (arōtaboyc)
* արօտական (arōtakan)
* արօտակից (arōtakicʻ)
* արօտանամ (arōtanam)
* արօտատեղի (arōtatełi)
* խաշնարօտ (xašnarōt)
* պաճարարօտ (pačararōt)
* պարարտարօտ (parartarōt)
* տարապարտարօտ (tarapartarōt)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: արոտ (arot)

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 38–39
* 1 2 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “aracem”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 125
* ↑ Aġayan, Ēduard (1974) Baṙakʻnnakan ew stugabanakan hetazotutʻyunner [Lexicological and Etymological Studies]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 25

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “արօտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “արօտ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# fíad
## Old Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɸʲiːa̯ð]

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *weidus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁-u-s.

#### Noun

fíad m
* game, wild animals
* deer
* wasteland, wilderness
* uncultivated land
* a territory, land

##### Inflection

Masculine u-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | fíad | fíad$^L$ | fíadae$^H$ |
| Vocative | fíad | fíad$^L$ | fíadu |
| Accusative | fíad$^N$ | fíad$^L$ | fíadu |
| Genitive | fíado$^H$, fíada$^H$ | fíado$^L$, fíada$^L$ | fíadae$^N$ |
| Dative | fíad$^L$ | fíadaib | fíadaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

##### Synonyms

* (deer): ag, oss, séd, sideng
* (game): selg
* (wasteland, wilderness): díthrub, fásach

##### Derived terms

* fíadach
* fíadaige
* fíadaigid
* fíadair
* fíadamail
* fíadan

##### Descendants

* Irish: fia
* Manx: feeaih
* Scottish Gaelic: fiadh

#### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 fíad”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *wēdūi, dative singular of *weidos (“sight, presence”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“perceive, see”).

#### Preposition

fíad (governs the dative, triggers lenition)
* before (in time)
* before (in space), in front of
** c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 19$^b$6
    Ro·pridchad dúib céssad Críst amal ad·cethe ꝉ fo·rócrad dúib amal bid fíadib no·crochthe.Christ’s Passion has been preached to you as though it were seen; or it has been announced to you as if he had been crucified before you.

##### Inflection

| Person | Normal | Emphatic |
| 1st person sing. | fíadam | |
| 2d person sing. | | *fíadutsa |
| 3d sing. masc./neut., dative | fíado, fíada | |
| 3d sing. masc./neut., accusative | | |
| 3d sing. fem., dative | | |
| 3d sing. fem., accusative | | |
| 1st person pl. | | |
| 2d person pl. | fíad(a)ib | fíadibsi |
| 3d person pl., dative | fíad(a)ib | |
| 3d person pl., accusative | | |

#### Further reading

* Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, pages 274–75, 511; reprinted 2017
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 fíad”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# Rüstung
## German
### Etymology

16th century, from rüsten +‎ -ung. Old High German had hrust (“armour”), but this was ousted in Middle High German by different lexemes such as panzier, harnasch. Old High German hrustunga is morphologically identical but had a general meaning of “installation, trappings” and remained without continuation.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrʏstʊŋ/, [ˈʁʏs.tʊŋ], [-tʊŋk]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Rüstung f (genitive Rüstung, plural Rüstungen)
* (usually uncountable) armament (the act of acquiring or producing weapons)
* (uncountable) arms industry, ellipsis of Rüstungsindustrie.
* (countable) suit of armour
    Synonyms: (less common) Panzer, Harnisch
* (rare or specialist) scaffolding
    Synonym: Gerüst

#### Hyponyms

* Abrüstung, Aufrüstung, Ausrüstung, Umrüstung
* Ritterrüstung

#### Related terms

* Rüstungsausgaben
* Rüstungsbetrieb
* Rüstungsexperte
* Rüstungsexport
* Rüstungsfabrik
* Rüstungsimport
* Rüstungsindustrie
* Rüstungskonzern
* Rüstungsproduktion
* Rüstungssparte
* Rüstungswettlauf

### Further reading

* “Rüstung” in Duden online
* “Rüstung” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Rüstung” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Rüstung” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
# smartweed
## English
### Etymology

From smart +‎ weed.

### Noun

smartweed (usually uncountable, plural smartweeds)
* Any of a number of plants in the genus Persicaria (formerly Polygonum).

#### Derived terms

* Bellard's smartweed
* bellflower smartweed
* bog smartweed
* Bunge's smartweed
* Carey's smartweed
* dotted smartweed
* field smartweed
* longroot smartweed
* Pennsylvania smartweed
* pygmy smartweed
* stout smartweed
* swamp smartweed
* tapertip smartweed
* water smartweed

#### See also

* Polygonum on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* knotweed
* bistort
* Persicaria

### Anagrams

* wet dreams, wetdreams
# aporador
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish aforador.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔapoɾaˈdoɾ/ [ʔɐ.po.ɾɐˈd̪oɾ]
* Rhymes: -oɾ
* Syllabification: a‧po‧ra‧dor

### Noun

aporadór (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜉᜓᜇᜇᜓᜇ᜔)
* appraiser; gauger
    Synonyms: tagataya, tagatasa, tagatantiya, aporista

#### Related terms

* apora
* aporista
* poro

### Further reading

* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 15
# Protein
## German
### Etymology

Suggested by Berzelius in a letter to Mulder, from Ancient Greek πρωτεῖος (prōteîos, “primary”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”), with a suffix derived from Latin -īnus.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Protein n (strong, genitive Proteins, plural Proteine)
* (biochemistry, nutrition) protein
    Synonym: Eiweiß
    Proteine sind ein lebensnotwendiger Bestandteil aller Zellen.Proteins are a vital component of all cells.

#### Hyponyms

* Glykoprotein, Membranprotein, Plasmaprotein, Selenoprotein, Serumprotein, Spikeprotein, Strukturprotein

#### Related terms

* Proteinbindungsdomäne
* Proteindomäne
* Proteinfällung
* Proteinmolekül
* Proteinsynthese

### Further reading

* “Protein” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Protein” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Protein” in Duden online
# üres
## Hungarian
### Etymology

First attested in 1372. From the same unattested stem *ür- as üreg (“cavity, hole”) +‎ -es.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈyrɛʃ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: üres
* Rhymes: -ɛʃ

### Adjective

üres (comparative üresebb, superlative legüresebb)
* empty
* void

#### Antonyms

* tele, teli

#### Derived terms

* üresen
* üresjárat
* üresség

#### Related terms

* üreg
* ürít
* ürül
* űr

### References

* ↑ üres in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* üres in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# сыпать
## Russian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic сꙑпати (sypati), from Proto-Slavic *sỳpati (“to pour, strew”). Cognate to Latin supō, Latin dissipō (whence Russian диссипа́ция (dissipácija), English dissipate, English dissipation).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsɨpətʲ]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

сы́пать • (sýpatʹ) impf (perfective насы́пать or посы́пать)
* (also figurative) to pour (of friable/solid objects, such as sand; not liquids)
    сы́пать остро́тами ― sýpatʹ ostrótami ― to witticize
    сы́пать соль на ра́ну ― sýpatʹ solʹ na ránu ― to pour salt on the wound, to rub it in
* to squander
    сы́пать деньга́ми ― sýpatʹ denʹgámi ― to squander money

#### Derived terms

* verbs(iterative) сыпа́ть impf (sypátʹ)сы́паться impf (sýpatʹsja)всы́пать pf (vsýpatʹ), всыпа́ть impf (vsypátʹ)вы́сыпать pf (výsypatʹ), высыпа́ть impf (vysypátʹ)вы́сыпаться pf (výsypatʹsja), высыпа́ться impf (vysypátʹsja)досы́пать pf (dosýpatʹ), досыпа́ть impf (dosypátʹ)досы́паться pf (dosýpatʹsja), досыпа́ться impf (dosypátʹsja)засы́пать pf (zasýpatʹ), засыпа́ть impf (zasypátʹ)засы́паться pf (zasýpatʹsja), засыпа́ться impf (zasypátʹsja)надсы́пать pf (nadsýpatʹ), надсыпа́ть impf (nadsypátʹ)насы́пать pf (nasýpatʹ), насыпа́ть impf (nasypátʹ)насы́паться pf (nasýpatʹsja), насыпа́ться impf (nasypátʹsja)недосы́пать pf (nedosýpatʹ), недосыпа́ть impf (nedosypátʹ)обсы́пать pf (obsýpatʹ), обсыпа́ть impf (obsypátʹ)обсы́паться pf (obsýpatʹsja), обсыпа́ться impf (obsypátʹsja)осы́пать pf (osýpatʹ), осыпа́ть impf (osypátʹ)осы́паться pf (osýpatʹsja), осыпа́ться impf (osypátʹsja)отсы́пать pf (otsýpatʹ), отсыпа́ть impf (otsypátʹ)отсы́паться pf (otsýpatʹsja), отсыпа́ться impf (otsypátʹsja)пересы́пать pf (peresýpatʹ), пересыпа́ть impf (peresypátʹ)пересы́паться pf (peresýpatʹsja), пересыпа́ться impf (peresypátʹsja)подсы́пать pf (podsýpatʹ), подсыпа́ть impf (podsypátʹ)подсы́паться pf (podsýpatʹsja), подсыпа́ться impf (podsypátʹsja)полузасысыпа́ть impf (poluzasysypátʹ)посы́пать pf (posýpatʹ), посыпа́ть impf (posypátʹ)посы́паться pf (posýpatʹsja), посыпа́ться impf (posypátʹsja)присы́пать pf (prisýpatʹ), присыпа́ть impf (prisypátʹ)просы́пать pf (prosýpatʹ), просыпа́ть impf (prosypátʹ)просы́паться pf (prosýpatʹsja), просыпа́ться impf (prosypátʹsja)рассы́пать pf (rassýpatʹ), рассыпа́ть impf (rassypátʹ)рассы́паться pf (rassýpatʹsja), рассыпа́ться impf (rassypátʹsja)ссы́пать pf (ssýpatʹ), ссыпа́ть impf (ssypátʹ)ссы́паться pf (ssýpatʹsja), ссыпа́ться impf (ssypátʹsja)усы́пать pf (usýpatʹ), усыпа́ть impf (usypátʹ)усы́паться pf (usýpatʹsja), усыпа́ться impf (usypátʹsja)
** nounsвысыпа́ние (vysypánije)на́сыпь (násypʹ)о́сыпь (ósypʹ)присы́пка (prisýpka)ро́ссыпь (róssypʹ)сыпь (sypʹ)
** adjectivesнасыпно́й (nasypnój)рассыпно́й (rassypnój)рассы́пчатый (rassýpčatyj)
** adverbsврассыпну́ю (vrassypnúju)ро́ссыпью (róssypʹju)
** сыпану́ть pf (sypanútʹ)
** Phrases:
*** на засы́пку (na zasýpku)
**** вопро́с на засы́пку m (voprós na zasýpku)
*** песо́к сы́плется (pesók sýpletsja) (песо́к сы́пется (pesók sýpetsja))

#### Related terms

* со́пка f (sópka)

##### Borrowed

* диссипа́ция f (dissipácija)

#### Descendants

* → Ingrian: siputtaa