OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ἀνάθεμα
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From ἀνατίθημι (anatíthēmi, “to dedicate”) and the suffix -μα (-ma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ná.tʰe.ma/ → /aˈna.θe.ma/ → /aˈna.θe.ma/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.ná.tʰe.ma/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /aˈna.tʰe.ma/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /aˈna.θe.ma/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /aˈna.θe.ma/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /aˈna.θe.ma/

### Noun

ᾰ̓νᾰ́θεμᾰ • (ănắthemă) n (genitive ᾰ̓νᾰθέμᾰτος); third declension
* votive offering
* that which is consecrated or dedicated
** something devoted to evil, an accursed thing
* curse, damnation
* a sort of dance

#### Derived terms

* ἀναθεματίζω (anathematízō)
* ἀναθεματικός (anathematikós)
* ἀναθεματισμός (anathematismós)

#### Related terms

* ἀνάθημα (anáthēma)

#### Descendants

* Greek: ανάθεμα (anáthema)
* → Greek: ανάθημα (anáthima)
* → Georgian: ანათემა (anatema)
* → Latin: anathema
** German: Anathema
** → Polish: anatema (learned)
* → Russian: ана́фема (anáfema)

### Further reading

* “ἀνάθεμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* ἀνάθεμα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἀνάθεμα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
# poles
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /pəʊlz/
* (US) IPA: /poʊlz/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -əʊlz

### Noun

poles
* plural of pole
    The distance between the poles was three feet.

### Verb

poles
* third-person singular simple present indicative of pole

### Anagrams

* olpes, S-pole, lopes, eslop, LEPOs, Lopes, spole, slope

## Asturian
### Etymology

From a contraction of the preposition por (“for, by”) + feminine plural article les (“the”).

### Contraction

poles f pl (masculine sg pol, feminine sg pola, neuter sg polo, masculine plural polos)
* for the, by the

## Galician
### Verb

poles
* second-person singular present indicative of pulir

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch polijst, polijsten, from Old French poliss-, stem of some of the conjugated forms of polir, from Latin polīre (“to polish, make smooth”), from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to drive, strike, thrust”), from the notion of fulling cloth.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpo.lɛs/
* Rhymes: -lɛs
* Hyphenation: po‧les

### Noun

poles (plural poles-poles)
* polish: a substance used to polish.

#### Alternative forms

* polis

#### Derived terms

* dipoles
* dipolesi
* dipoleskan
* memoles
* memolesi
* memoleskan
* pemoles
* pemolesan
* polesan
* terpoles

### Further reading

* “poles” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Spanish
### Noun

poles m pl
* plural of pole

### Verb

poles
* second-person singular present indicative of polir
# åkare
## Swedish
### Etymology

åka +‎ -are

### Noun

åkare c
* rider, skier, skater
* haulier

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | åkare | åkares |
| singular | definite | åkaren | åkarens |
| plural | indefinite | åkare | åkares |
| plural | definite | åkarna | åkarnas |

#### Derived terms

* allroundåkare
* bilåkare
* bobåkare
* brädåkare
* elitåkare
* fartåkare
* fristilsåkare
* friåkare
* fuskåkare
* föråkare
* konståkare
* kälkåkare
* långloppsåkare
* längdskidåkare
* längdåkare
* samåkare
* skidåkare
* skoteråkare
* skridskoåkare
* slalomåkare
* snowboardåkare
* sopåkare
* tjuvåkare
* toppåkare
* utförsåkare
* vattenskidåkare

#### Related terms

* åkeri

### References

* åkare in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* åkare in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* åkare in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# chrzanić
## Polish
### Etymology

From chrzan +‎ -ić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxʂa.ɲit͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɲit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: chrza‧nić

### Verb

chrzanić impf
* (transitive, colloquial) to blather, to talk drivel or nonsense
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:bredzić
* (transitive, colloquial) to botch (to perform (a task) in an unacceptable or incompetent manner)
    Synonyms: fuszerować, knocić, partaczyć, partolić, schrzaniać
* (reflexive with się, colloquial) to go bad, to go off, to spoil
    Synonym: psuć się
* (reflexive with się, colloquial) to coddle, to handle with kid gloves [with z (+ instrumental) ‘someone/something’]
    Synonym: cackać się
* (reflexive with się, colloquial) to err, to make a mistake, to slip up
    Synonym: mylić się

#### Derived terms

* ochrzaniać impf, ochrzanić pf
* odchrzanić pf
* pochrzaniać impf, pochrzanić pf
* schrzaniać impf, schrzanić pf
* wychrzaniać impf, wychrzanić pf

#### Related terms

* chrzanowy
* do chrzanu
* chrzan

### Further reading

* chrzanić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* chrzanić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# quẩn
## Vietnamese
### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [kwən˧˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [kwəŋ˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [wəŋ˨˩˦]

### Verb

quẩn • (𨛦)
* to go round; to centre around something
* to be in the way

#### Derived terms

* lẩn quẩn
* luẩn quẩn
* quanh quẩn
* quẩn quanh

### Adjective

quẩn
* muddleheaded; fuddled; at a loss
# -ian
## English
### Alternative forms

* -an, -n

### Etymology

From Latin -iānus, which forms adjectives of belonging or origin from a noun.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iːən/
* Audio (UK):(file)
* Audio (General American):(file)

### Suffix

-ian
* (as an adjective) From, related to, or like.
* (as a noun) One from, belonging to, relating to, or like.
* (as a noun) Having a certain profession.

#### Usage notes

* When males with a profession are distinguished from females, males are -ian, females -ienne.
* The plural is -ians (one magician, two magicians).
* When added to a word ending in a vowel, the infix -v- is inserted (Peruvian, Whovian), though this can be optional (Rousseauvian).

#### Coordinate terms

* -al
* -an
* -ar
* -ate
* -ese
* -ian
* -ic
* -id
* -ish
* -oid
* -ory
* -ous
* quasi-
* -y

#### Derived terms

* Arthurian
* Hermitian
* Lipschitzian
* Newtonian
* utopian
* Washingtonian
* Wilmingtonian
* magician
* physician
* politician
* comedian (compare comedienne)
* musician

#### Related terms

* -ienne

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Anagrams

* nai, AIN, INA, Nia, Ani, Ain, NIA, ani, ain', ANI, Ina, nia, ain

## Middle English
### Suffix

-ian
* Alternative form of -ien (“-ian”)

## Old English
### Etymology

By syncope from earlier *-ōjan, a northern Ingvaeonic innovated form of Proto-West Germanic *-ōn, from Proto-Germanic *-ōną.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i.ɑn/

### Suffix

-ian
* Forms verbs from nouns and adjectives.

#### Descendants

* Middle English: -ien, -en (merged with all other verbs)
** English: -en, -e (obsolete)
** Scots: -e (obsolete)

## Old Saxon
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *-ijaną.

### Suffix

-ian
* used to form the infinitive of class 1 weak verbs (as well as a few strong verbs also ending in -ian like biddian or liggian, and class 3 weak verbs)
    wekkian "to awake" (class 1 weak verbs)
    seggian "to say" (class 3 weak verbs)

#### Conjugation
## Swedish
### Suffix

-ian
* (as a noun) Denotes a follower of something.

#### Usage notes

Words having this suffix can have an additional suffix -ism for an idea (e.g. kantianism) and an additional suffix -sk to form an adjective (e.g. kantiansk).

#### Derived terms

* bellmanian
* gustavian
* hegelian
* kantian
* kartesian
* rudbeckian
* schellingian
* thorildian
* wertherian

## Welsh
### Alternative forms

* -an

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jan/

### Suffix

-ian
* Forms verbnouns.
    ‎clawr (“board, surface”) + ‎-ian → ‎clorian (“to weigh”)
    ‎sgrech (“scream, screech”) + ‎-ian → ‎sgrechian (“to scream, to screech”)

#### Derived terms
### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-ian”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# garam
## Acehnese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay garam.

### Noun

garam
* salt

#### Synonyms

* sira

### References

* Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

## Brunei Malay
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaram/
* (Kedayan) IPA: /ɡaam/
* Hyphenation: ga‧ram

### Noun

garam
* salt (sodium chloride)

#### Synonyms

* sira

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay garam, from Classical Malay garam (“table salt”), from Proto-Malayic *garəm (“grain”). The chemistry sense is a semantic loan from Dutch zout (“salt”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡa.ram]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ga‧ram

### Noun

garam (plural garam-garam)
* salt:
** a common substance, chemically consisting mainly of sodium chloride (NaCl), used extensively as a condiment and preservative.
** (chemistry) one of the compounds formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, where a positive ion replaces a hydrogen of the acid.
* (cooking) short for garam dapur (“table salt”).
* (colloquial) (salt-like) fertilizer.
    Synonym: pupuk

#### Derived terms

* bergaram
* menggaram
* menggarami
* menggaramkan
* pegaraman
* penggaraman
* garam abu
* garam alkali
* garam aluminium
* garam amonium
* garam asam
* garam bata
* garam batu
* garam berbumbu
* garam beryodium
* garam biji
* garam biner
* garam briket
* garam dapur
* garam dauran
* garam epsom
* garam ester
* garam glauber
* garam halus
* garam inggris
* garam kasar
* garam laut
* garam meja
* garam mesiu
* garam mineral
* garam natrium
* garam rangkap
* garam rehidrasi

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian Bajau: garam

### Further reading

* “garam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Indonesian Bajau
### Etymology

Borrowed from Indonesian garam.

### Noun

garam
* salt

### References

* Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

## Latvian
### Noun

garam m
* dative singular of gars

### Adjective

garam
* dative singular masculine of garš

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *garəm (“grain”). Cognate with Sasak garem (“grain”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Malaysia):(file)

### Noun

garam (Jawi spelling ݢارم, plural garam-garam, informal 1st possessive garamku, 2nd possessive garammu, 3rd possessive garamnya)
* salt

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: garam
** → Indonesian Bajau: garam

### References

* ↑ Adelaar, K. Alexander (1992). Proto-Malayic: The Reconstruction of its Phonology and Parts of its Morphology. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, p. 141.

### Further reading

* “garam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# StMBH
## English
### Noun

StMBH (plural StMBHs)
* (astronomy) Abbreviation of stellar-mass black hole.

#### Related terms

* BH
* HMBH
* IMBH
* MBH
* PBH
* SBH
* SMBH
* μBH
# tzapotl
## Central Nahuatl
### Alternative forms

* (Tlaxcala): tsapotl

### Noun

tzapotl
* sapote.

## Classical Nahuatl
### Etymology

From Proto-Nahuan *ȼapotl.

### Noun

tzapotl
* sapote

## Northern Oaxaca Nahuatl
### Etymology

From Proto-Nahuan *ȼapotl.

### Noun

tzapotl
* banana

## Tetelcingo Nahuatl
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sapot͜ɬ/, [ˈt͡sapot͜ɬ]

### Noun

tzapotl (plural tzapome)
* sapote

#### Derived terms

* cheremuyajtzapotl
* cuajtzapotl
* istöctzapotl
* tesontzapotl
* tliltzapotl
* tzapocuabitl
* tzapotl istöc
* öltzapotl

### References

* Brewer, Forrest, Brewer, Jean G. (1962) Vocabulario mexicano de Tetelcingo, Morelos: Castellano-mexicano, mexicano-castellano (Serie de vocabularios indígenas Mariano Silva y Aceves; 8)‎ (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Internados de Enseñanza Primaria y Educación Indígena, published 1971, pages 104, 243
# δίκυκλο
## Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈði.ci.klo/
* Hyphenation: δί‧κυ‧κλο

### Adjective

δίκυκλο • (díkyklo)
* accusative masculine singular of δίκυκλος (díkyklos)
* nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of δίκυκλος (díkyklos)

### Noun

δίκυκλο • (díkyklo) n (plural δίκυκλα)
* two-wheeled vehicle, two-wheeler
    Hyponyms: ποδήλατο n (podílato), μοτοποδήλατο n (motopodílato), μοτοσικλέτα f (motosikléta), μηχανάκι n (michanáki), παπάκι n (papáki)

#### Derived terms

* δικυκλιστής m (dikyklistís)

### References

* δίκυκλος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# kov
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkof]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

kov m inan
* metal
* (heraldry) metal

#### Related terms

* kovat
* kovář
* kovový
* ukovat

### Further reading

* “kov”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “kov”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “kov”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Slovak
### Etymology

From kovať (“to forge, to hammer”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɔʋ]

### Noun

kov m inan (genitive singular kovu, nominative plural kovy, genitive plural kovov, declension pattern of dub)
* metal

#### Related terms

* kováč
* kovovo
* kovový
* kuť

### Further reading

* “kov”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Turkish
### Verb

kov
* second-person singular imperative of kovmak

## Volapük
### Noun

kov (nominative plural kovs)
* cover (of a book), envelope

#### Declension

* $^1$ status as a case is disputed
* $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only
# caridade
## Galician
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese caridade, from Latin cāritātem (“dearness, charity”), from cārus (“dear”), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ros.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaɾiˈdade/ [kɑ.ɾiˈð̞a.ð̞ɪ]
* Rhymes: -ade
* Hyphenation: ca‧ri‧da‧de

### Noun

caridade f (plural caridades)
* (uncountable) charity (providing of goods or money)
* a charitable act

#### Related terms

* caritativo
* caro

### Further reading

* “caridade”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese caridade, from Latin cāritātem (“dearness, charity”), from cārus (“dear”), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ros.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ka.ɾiˈda.d͡ʒi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ka.ɾiˈda.d͡ʒi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ka.ɾiˈda.de/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐ.ɾiˈda.dɨ/ [kɐ.ɾiˈða.ðɨ]
* Hyphenation: ca‧ri‧da‧de

### Noun

caridade f (plural caridades)
* (uncountable) charity (providing of goods or money)
    Synonyms: bondade, compaixão, solidariedade
* a charitable act

#### Related terms

* acaridar
* caridoso
* caritativo
* caro
* descaridoso

### Further reading

* “caridade”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# білокрилий
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From бі́лий (bílyj, “white”) +‎ -о- (-o-) +‎ крило́ (kryló, “wing”) +‎ -ий (-yj). Compare Russian белокры́лый (belokrýlyj), Belarusian белакры́лы (bjelakrýly), Czech bělokřídlý, Slovak bielokrídly, Polish białoskrzydły.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bʲiɫɔˈkrɪɫei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

білокри́лий • (bilokrýlyj)
* white-winged
    крячо́к білокри́лий ― krjačók bilokrýlyj ― white-winged tern

#### Coordinate terms

* жовтокри́лий (žovtokrýlyj)
* золотокри́лий (zolotokrýlyj)
* синьокри́лий (synʹokrýlyj)
* срібнокри́лий (sribnokrýlyj)
* червонокри́лий (červonokrýlyj)
* чорнокри́лий (čornokrýlyj)

#### Derived terms

* білокри́лка f (bilokrýlka)

### References

* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2010), “білокрилий”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (а – бязь), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
* “білокрилий”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “білокрилий”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “білокрилий”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “білокрилий”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “білокрилий”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “білокрилий”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# 滿たす
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 滿
* み Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 滿たす – see the following entry. :
| 【満みたす】 | [verb] fill up [verb] satisfy, meet (a requirement) Alternative spelling 充たす |
(This term, 滿たす, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :
# xamba
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish chamba.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈʃam.bə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈt͡ʃam.ba]

### Noun

xamba f (plural xambes)
* (colloquial) fluke
    Synonyms: carambola, benaurança, xiripa, xurro

### Further reading

* “xamba” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “xamba”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* jamba (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

From French jambe, from Late Latin gamba, from Ancient Greek κάμπη (kámpē), from Proto-Indo-European *kamp- (“to bend; crooked”). Compare Spanish jamba, English jamb.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃambɐ]

### Noun

xamba f (plural xambas)
* (architecture) jamb

#### Related terms

* xambeta
* xamón

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “xamba”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “xamba”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “xamba”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* “xamba”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
# MBH
## English
### Noun

MBH (plural MBHs)
* Abbreviation of black hole mass.
* (astronomy) Abbreviation of massive black hole (“supercollapsar”).
* (cosomology) Abbreviation of massive black hole (“large and very large black holes / intermediate-mass and super-massive black holes”).
* (physics) Abbreviation of macroscopic black hole (“small / stellar-mass black hole”).
* (physics) Abbreviation of microscopic black hole.
* (astrophysics) Abbreviation of micro black hole.
* (astrophysics) Abbreviation of mini black hole.

#### Alternative forms

* (black hole mass): M$_{BH}$
* (microscopic black hole): μBH, mBH
* (micro black hole): μBH, mBH
* (mini black hole): mBH

#### Coordinate terms

* (micro black hole, mini black hole): PBH (“primordial black hole”)
* (supercollapsar): MBHB (“massive black hole binary”)

#### Related terms

* BH
* HMBH
* IBH
* IMBH
* LBH
* MBH
* PBH
* SBH
* SMBH
* StMBH
* VLBH
* μBH
# bertdey
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from English birthday.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈbeɾtdej/ [ˈbəɹt̪.d̪eɪ̯]
* Rhymes: -eɾtdej
* Syllabification: bert‧dey

### Noun

bertdey (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜇ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜇᜒᜌ᜔) (colloquial)
* birthday
    Synonyms: kaarawan, kapanganakan

#### Derived terms

* bertdeyan
* magbertdey
# hakbang
## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /hakˈbaŋ/ [hɐkˈbaŋ]
* Rhymes: -aŋ
* Syllabification: hak‧bang

### Noun

hakbáng (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜃ᜔ᜊᜅ᜔)
* step; stride (while walking)
* walking with strides
* (figurative) measure; step; means
    Synonyms: paraan, lunas, remedyo
* decision on what to do
    Synonyms: pasiya, pagpapasiya

#### Derived terms

* hakbang-hakbang
* hakbangan
* hakbangin
* humakbang
* makahakbang
* paghakbang

#### Related terms

* lakbang

### Further reading

* “hakbang”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# tukoy
## Cebuano
### Etymology

Compare itoy.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: tu‧koy
* IPA: /ˈtukoj/ [ˈt̪u.koɪ̯]

### Noun

tukoy
* a puppy
* a word to get a dog to come
* a gesture to get a dog to come

### Verb

tukoy
* to summon or call a dog this way

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ˈtukoj/ [ˈt̪uː.xoɪ̯] (noun)
*** Rhymes: -ukoj
** IPA: /tuˈkoj/ [t̪ʊˈxoɪ̯] (adjective)
*** Rhymes: -oj
* Syllabification: tu‧koy

### Noun

tukoy (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜃᜓᜌ᜔)
* mentioning; referring
    Synonyms: banggit, pagbanggit
* expertise in marksmanship

#### Derived terms

* pagtukoy
* pantukoy
* patukoy
* tinukoy
* tukuyin
* tumukoy

### Adjective

tukóy (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜃᜓᜌ᜔)
* well-experienced; knowing exactly what to do, etc.
* identified; known; mentioned
* good in marksmanship
    Synonyms: sigurado, walang-mintis

### Further reading

* “tukoy”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# владар
## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voldařь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɫadar]

### Noun

владар • (vladar) m
* ruler

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voldařь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋlǎdaːr/
* Hyphenation: вла‧дар

### Noun

вла̀да̄р m (Latin spelling vlàdār)
* ruler (person who rules or governs)

#### Related terms

* вла́дати
* вла́да

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *voldařь. By surface analysis влада (vlada) +‎ -а́р (-ár).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [wɫɐˈdar]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

влада́р • (vladár) m inan (genitive владаря́, nominative plural владарі́, genitive plural владарі́в)
* (politics) ruler, lord
    Synonym: воло́да́р (volódár)

#### Derived terms

* владарюва́ти (vladarjuváty)

### References

* “владар”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# liberatio
## Latin
### Etymology

From līberō +‎ -tiō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /liː.beˈraː.ti.oː/, [lʲiːbɛˈräːt̪ioː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /li.beˈrat.t͡si.o/, [libeˈrät̪ː͡s̪io]

### Noun

līberātiō f (genitive līberātiōnis); third declension
* liberation, release

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.

#### Related terms

* līber
* līberālis
* līberālitās
* līberāliter
* līberātor
* līberē
* līberī
* līberō
* libērta
* lībērtās
* lībērtīnus
* lībērtus

#### Descendants

* Inherited:
** French: livraison
** Portuguese: livração
* Borrowed:
** → English: liberation
** → French: libération
** → Italian: liberazione
** → Piedmontese: liberassion
** → Portuguese: liberação
** → Romanian: liberație
** → Sicilian: libbirazziuni
** → Spanish: liberación

### References

* “liberatio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “liberatio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* liberatio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# crépuscule
## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French crepuscule m, from Old French crepuscule m (first attested in the late 13th c.), borrowed from Latin crepusculum n.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʁe.pys.kyl/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: crépuscules
* Rhymes: -yl

### Noun

crépuscule m (plural crépuscules)
* twilight, dusk (time of day between sunset and darkness)
    Synonyms: coucher de soleil, entre chien et loup, l’heure du mystère, tombée de la nuit, (Réunion) fénoir
    Antonym: aube (“dawn, daybreak”)

#### Derived terms

* crépusculaire
* crépuscule des dieux
* crépusculin

### Further reading

* “crépuscule”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.