# redundant
## English
### Etymology

From Latin redundāns, present participle of redundō (“to overflow, redound”), from red- (“again, back”) + undō (“to surge, flood”), from unda (“a wave”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK, US, Canada) IPA: /ɹɪˈdʌn.dənt/
* (General Australian) IPA: /ɹɪˈdan.dənt/
** Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Adjective

redundant (comparative more redundant, superlative most redundant)
* Superfluous; exceeding what is necessary, no longer needed.
** 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “A Further Account of the Academy. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part III (A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Glubbdubdribb, Luggnagg, and Japan), page 82:It is allowed, that Senates and great Councils are often troubled with redundant, ebullient, and other peccant Humours, with many Diſeaſes of the Head and more of the Heart; [...]
** 1822, John Barclay, chapter I, in An Inquiry Into the Opinions, Ancient and Modern, Concerning Life and Organization‎, Edinburgh, London: Bell & Bradfute; Waugh & Innes; G. & W. B. Whittaker, section I, page 1:In the living state, the body is observed to receive aliment; to assimilate a part; to evacuate what is redundant or useless; [...]
** 2020 December 16, “Network News: "Robust case" for Fawley branch reopening”, in Rail, page 14:A key driver has been the approval of a new housing and employment development called Fawley Waterside, with 1,500 homes planned on the site of a redundant power station on the edge of Southampton Water.
** 2021 December 15, Robin Leleux, “Awards honour the best restoration projects: The Network Rail Community Award: Saltash and Stow”, in RAIL, number 946, page 58:Two entrants shared this award for their work on two quite different stations, but with the same purpose of bringing a redundant station building back into use for the benefit of the community, with the added result of conserving an historic building.
* (of words, writing, etc) Repetitive or needlessly wordy.
* (chiefly British, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia) Dismissed from employment because no longer needed.
    Four employees were made redundant.
* Duplicating or able to duplicate the function of another component of a system, providing backup in the event the other component fails.
** 2013, Tom Denton, Automobile Electrical and Electronic Systems, page 142:The two lines are mainly used for redundant and therefore fault-tolerant message transmission, but they can also transmit different messages.
* (computing) (of topology) containing duplicate pathways to send a message.

#### Synonyms

* (dismissed from employment): surplus to requirements

#### Antonyms

* non-redundant

#### Derived terms

* redundant acronym syndrome
* redundant array of independent disks
* redundant colon
* redundantly
* redundundant

#### Related terms

* redound
* redundance
* redundancy

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “redundant”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “redundant”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “redundant”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin redundantem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [rə.ðunˈdan]
* IPA: (Balearic) [rə.ðunˈdant]
* IPA: (Valencia) [re.ðunˈdant]

### Adjective

redundant m or f (masculine and feminine plural redundants)
* redundant

#### Derived terms

* redundantment

#### Related terms

* redundància
* redundar

## German
### Etymology

Ultimately borrowed from Latin redundans.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁedʊnˈdant/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ant
* Audio (Austria):(file)

### Adjective

redundant (strong nominative masculine singular redundanter, comparative redundanter, superlative am redundantesten)
* redundant
    Synonym: überzählig

#### Related terms

* Redundanz

### Further reading

* “redundant” in Duden online
* “redundant” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Latin
### Verb

redundant
* third-person plural present active indicative of redundō

## Romanian
### Alternative forms

* redondant

### Etymology

Borrowed from English redundant and French redondant, from Latin redundans.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /re.dunˈdant/

### Adjective

redundant m or n (feminine singular redundantă, masculine plural redundanți, feminine and neuter plural redundante)
* redundant

#### Related terms

* redondanță