# 賓

| 賓 | U+8CD3, &#36051; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CD3 |
| ← 賒 [U+8CD2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 賔 → [U+8CD4] |
| 賓 | U+FA64, &#64100; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA64 |
| ← 謹 [U+FA63] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 贈 → [U+FA65] |

## Translingual
### Han character

賓 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+7 in Chinese and Korean, 貝+8 in Japanese, 14 strokes in Chinese and Korean, 15 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 十一竹金 (JMHC), four-corner 3080$_6$, composition ⿱⿳宀一𣥂貝(GHTKV) or ⿱⿳宀一少貝(J))

#### Derived characters

* 儐, 𡁟, 𡒨, 嬪, 㡦, 𢣐, 擯, 濱, 獱, 𣋪, 檳, 殯, 璸, 臏, 𧷟, 矉, 礗, 穦, 𧸈, 繽, 𮎕, 蠙, 𮚪, 𮜞, 𨊕, 𰹩, 鑌
* 䧬, 𨲺, 馪, 驞, 髕, 𩼧, 𪵢, 𩴸, 𫴑, 𣰨, 䎙, 䚔, 䨈, 顮, 𩴱, 𪇕, 𪹿, 薲, 鬢, 𩰝

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1208, character 37
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36788
* Dae Jaweon: page 1676, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3643, character 8
* Unihan data for U+8CD3
* Unihan data for U+FA64

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 賓 :
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 蠙 | *biːn, *bin |
| 賓 | *mpin |
| 檳 | *pin |
| 鑌 | *pin |
| 濱 | *pin |
| 顮 | *pin |
| 儐 | *pin, *pins |
| 矉 | *pin |
| 擯 | *pins |
| 殯 | *pins |
| 鬢 | *pins |
| 繽 | *pʰin |
| 嬪 | *bin |
| 薲 | *bin |
| 獱 | *bin |
| 臏 | *binʔ |
| 髕 | *binʔ |
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mpin) : phonetic 𡧍 (OC *meːnʔ) + semantic 貝.
In oracle bone script, ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : a person 人 in a building 宀 – a guest.
Variants that replaced 人 with 万 (OC *mans, *mɯːɡ) were also common, and posited to be the original form of 丏 (OC *meːnʔ), which would also act as the character's phonetic component, which has corrupted into ⿱一𣥂 in the modern form.
Bronze inscriptions added 貝 (“money; valuables”), signifying gifts.

### Etymology

From n-nominalization of Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pi (“to give”). Cognate with 嬪 (OC *bin, “to become a bride”), which is an endopassive of 賓 (OC *mpin, “lit, "to be received like a guest"”). See 畀 (OC *pids, “to give”) for more cognates.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bīn (bin$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄣ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ban$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): bin$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pîn
    (Hailu, HRS): bin$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): bin$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): bĭng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bing$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pin
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bing$^1$ / biang$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$pin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bin
*** Wade–Giles: pin$^1$
*** Yale: bīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bin
*** Palladius: бинь (binʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ban$^1$
*** Yale: bān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ban$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ben$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: bin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pin³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: bin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pin²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: bin$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /pin⁵³/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: bin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pin⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: bing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pin
*** Tâi-lô: pin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pyn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pin³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pin⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bing$^1$ / biang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ping / piang
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ³³/, /piaŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$pin
*** MiniDict: pin$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$pin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pin⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: pjin
Rime :
| Character | 賓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 必鄰切 |
| Baxter | pjin |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /piɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pin/ |
| Li Rong | /piĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ban$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pi[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*mpin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 賓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bīn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pjin › |
| Old Chinese | /*pi[n]/ |
| English | guest |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 賓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 837 |
| Phonetic component | 賓 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 賔 |
| Old Chinese | /*mpin/ |
| Notes | 金文不從丏聲 |

#### Definitions

賓
* visitor; guest
* (grammar) object
* (Cantonese, anatomy) Short for 賓舟／宾舟 (“penis”).
* (Cantonese) Short for 利賓納／利宾纳 (“Ribena”).
    凍檸賓／冻柠宾 [Cantonese] ― dung$^3$ ning$^{4-2}$ ban$^1$ [Jyutping] ― iced Ribena with lemon
* (Cantonese, attributive, possibly derogatory) Short for 菲律賓／菲律宾 (Fēilǜbīn, “Filipino/a”).
    賓妹／宾妹 [Cantonese] ― ban$^1$ mui$^6$ [Jyutping] ― a Philippine girl, especially a domestic helper

#### Compounds

* 上賓 / 上宾 (shàngbīn)
* 九賓 / 九宾
* 來賓 / 来宾 (láibīn)
* 倒屣迎賓 / 倒屣迎宾
* 儀賓 / 仪宾
* 入幕之賓 / 入幕之宾
* 內賓 / 内宾 (nèibīn)
* 卡賓槍 / 卡宾枪 (kǎbīnqiāng)
* 反賓為主 / 反宾为主
* 喧賓奪主 / 喧宾夺主 (xuānbīnduózhǔ)
* 嘉賓 / 嘉宾 (jiābīn)
* 國賓 / 国宾 (guóbīn)
* 外賓 / 外宾 (wàibīn)
* 大宴賓客 / 大宴宾客
* 大賓 / 大宾
* 宜賓 / 宜宾 (Yíbīn)
* 寅賓 / 寅宾
* 幕賓 / 幕宾
* 延賓 / 延宾
* 截髮留賓 / 截发留宾
* 沙賓疫苗 / 沙宾疫苗
* 特別來賓 / 特别来宾
* 相待如賓 / 相待如宾
* 相敬如賓 / 相敬如宾
* 罽賓 / 罽宾 (Jìbīn)
* 羅賓漢 / 罗宾汉 (Luóbīn Hàn)
* 菲律賓 / 菲律宾 (Fēilǜbīn)
* 蕤賓 / 蕤宾
* 蕤賓佳節 / 蕤宾佳节
* 西賓 / 西宾
* 貴賓 / 贵宾 (guìbīn)
* 貴賓卡 / 贵宾卡
* 賓主 / 宾主 (bīnzhǔ)
* 賓主盡歡 / 宾主尽欢
* 賓主禮 / 宾主礼
* 賓之初筵 / 宾之初筵
* 賓享 / 宾享
* 賓位 / 宾位
* 賓友 / 宾友
* 賓器 / 宾器
* 賓士 / 宾士
* 賓夕凡尼亞 / 宾夕凡尼亚 (Bīnxīfánníyà)
* 賓夕法尼亞 / 宾夕法尼亚 (Bīnxīfǎníyà)
* 賓天 / 宾天 (bīntiān)
* 賓宇 / 宾宇
* 賓客 / 宾客 (bīnkè)
* 賓客填門 / 宾客填门
* 賓客如雲 / 宾客如云
* 賓客盈庭 / 宾客盈庭
* 賓客盈門 / 宾客盈门
* 賓實 / 宾实
* 賓州 / 宾州 (Bīnzhōu)
* 賓師 / 宾师
* 賓待 / 宾待
* 賓從 / 宾从
* 賓旅 / 宾旅
* 賓服 / 宾服
* 賓朋 / 宾朋 (bīnpéng)
* 賓朋滿座 / 宾朋满座
* 賓果 / 宾果 (bīnguǒ)
* 賓東 / 宾东 (bīndōng)
* 賓次 / 宾次
* 賓漢 / 宾汉
* 賓白 / 宾白 (bīnbái)
* 賓禮 / 宾礼
* 賓至如歸 / 宾至如归 (bīnzhìrúguī)
* 賓興 / 宾兴
* 賓舟 / 宾舟
* 賓萌 / 宾萌
* 賓詞 / 宾词 (bīncí)
* 賓語 / 宾语 (bīnyǔ)
* 賓貢 / 宾贡
* 賓賓 / 宾宾
* 賓郎 / 宾郎 (bīnláng)
* 賓鐵 / 宾铁 (bīntiě)
* 賓陽 / 宾阳 (Bīnyáng)
* 賓館 / 宾馆 (bīnguǎn)
* 賓鴻 / 宾鸿
* 迎賓 / 迎宾 (yíngbīn)
* 遲賓之館 / 迟宾之馆
* 鄭驛留賓 / 郑驿留宾
* 酬賓 / 酬宾 (chóubīn)
* 門不停賓 / 门不停宾
* 門無雜賓 / 门无杂宾
* 館賓 / 馆宾

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bìn (bin$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄣˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bìn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bìn
*** Wade–Giles: pin$^4$
*** Yale: bìn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: binn
*** Palladius: бинь (binʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pin⁵¹/

#### Definitions

賓
* Alternative form of 擯 / 摈 (bìn, “to discard; to reject”)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 賓 |
| Kyūjitai | 賓 &#xFA64; or 賓+&#xFE00; |
| Kyūjitai | 賓󠄀 賓+&#xE0100; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 賓󠄃 賓+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 賓)
* Guest, V.I.P.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひん (hin, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ひん (hin, Jōyō)
* Kun: したがう (shitagau, 賓う)、まろうど (marōdo, 賓)、まらひと (marahito, 賓)、まれうど (mareudo, 賓)、まれびと (marebito, 賓)
* Nanori: うら (ura)、つぐ (tsugu)、つら (tsura)

### References

* ↑ “賓”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 賓 (MC pjin). Recorded as Middle Korean 賔/비ᇰ (ping) (Yale: ping) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pin]
* Phonetic hangul: [빈]

### Hanja

Wikisource 賓 (eumhun 손 빈 (son bin))
* hanja form of 빈 (“guest”)

#### Compounds

* 국빈 (國賓, gukbin)
* 귀빈 (貴賓, gwibin)
* 빈객 (賓客, bin'gaek)
* 영빈 (迎賓, yeongbin)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

賓: Hán Nôm readings: tân, bân
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.