OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# գաջ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Persian گچ (gač).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɡɑd͡ʒ/, [ɡɑd͡ʒ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kɑt͡ʃ/, [kʰɑt͡ʃʰ]

### Noun

գաջ • (gaǰ)
* plaster
** ca. 1680–1684, Baṙ girg taliani [An Armenian–Italian Dictionary published in Venice] page 13:գաճ․ քալցինայgač; kʻalcʻinayգաճ (gač) = calcina

#### Alternative forms

* գաճ (gač)

#### Derived terms

* գաջագործ (gaǰagorc)
* գաջագործարան (gaǰagorcaran)
* գաջագործություն (gaǰagorcutʻyun)
* գաջածեփ (gaǰacepʻ)
* գաջածեփել (gaǰacepʻel)
* գաջահանք (gaǰahankʻ)
* գաջափուռ (gaǰapʻuṙ)
* գաջե (gaǰe)
* գաջել (gaǰel)
* գաջոտ (gaǰot)
* գաջոտել (gaǰotel)
* գաջումգաջային (gaǰumgaǰayin)

### References

* ↑ Orengo, Alessandro (2019) “Il ԲԱՌ ԳԻՐԳ ՏԱԼԻԱՆԻ Un dizionario armeno-italiano del XVII secolo”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, page 219
# ποτήρ
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From πίνω (pínō, “to drink”) +‎ -τήρ (-tḗr).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /po.tɛ̌ːr/ → /poˈtir/ → /poˈtir/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /po.tɛ̌ːr/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /poˈte̝r/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /poˈtir/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /poˈtir/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /poˈtir/

### Noun

ποτήρ • (potḗr) m (genitive ποτῆρος); third declension
* drinking-cup

#### Derived terms

* ποτήριον (potḗrion)
* ποτηροθήκη (potērothḗkē)
* ποτηροπλύτης (potēroplútēs)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πίνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1194

### Further reading

* “ποτήρ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* ποτήρ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
# κίτρον
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin citrum (“citron”) < citrus, itself probably via Etruscan from Ancient Greek κέδρος (kédros, “cedar”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kí.tron/ → /ˈci.tron/ → /ˈci.tron/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kí.tron/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈki.tron/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈci.tron/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈci.tron/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈci.tron/

### Noun

κῐ́τρον • (kĭ́tron) n (genitive κῐ́τρου); second declension
* (Koine) fruit of the citron tree

#### Derived terms

* κιτρᾶτον (kitrâton)
* κιτρέα (kitréa)
* κίτρινος (kítrinos)
* κίτριον (kítrion)
* κιτρόμηλον (kitrómēlon)
* κιτρόφυλλον (kitróphullon)
* κιτρόφυτον (kitróphuton)
* κιτρόχρους (kitrókhrous)

#### Descendants

* Greek: κίτρο (kítro)
* → Old Armenian: կիտրոն (kitron)
* → Old East Slavic: китръ (kitrŭ), кидръ (kidrŭ), кидъръ (kidŭrŭ)
* → Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: קטרונא (qiṭrōnā)
* → Classical Syriac: ܩܛܪܝܢ (qiṭrīn)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κίτριον (> VAR Also κίτρον)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 705

### Further reading

* “κίτρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* κίτρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Véronique Zech-Matterne, Girolamo Fiorentino, editors (2017), AGRUMED: Archaeology and History of Citrus Fruit in the Mediterranean Acclimatization, Diversifications, Uses‎, Naples: Publications du Centre Jean Bérard, →DOI, →ISBN
# βάθρον
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From βαίνω (baínō, “to step”) +‎ -θρον (-thron).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bá.tʰron/ → /ˈβa.θron/ → /ˈva.θron/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /bá.tʰron/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈba.tʰron/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈβa.θron/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈva.θron/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈva.θron/

### Noun

βᾰ́θρον • (bắthron) n (genitive βᾰ́θρου); second declension
* that on which anything steps or stands
* base, pedestal of a statue
    Synonym: βᾰθμῐ́ς (băthmĭ́s)
* stage, scaffold
* (in general) solid base, foundation
* step, rung of a ladder
* bench, seat of a lecture-room or school

#### Derived terms

* βᾰθρείᾱ (băthreíā)
* βᾰθρῐ́δῐον (băthrĭ́dĭon)
* βᾰθρῐκόν (băthrĭkón)
* βᾰθρῐ́ον (băthrĭ́on)
* βᾰ́θρωσῐς (bắthrōsĭs)
* κωλόβᾰθρον (kōlóbăthron)
* ὑπόβᾰθρον (hupóbăthron)

#### Descendants

* Greek: βάθρο (váthro)

### Further reading

* “βάθρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “βάθρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* βάθρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* βάθρον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
# protoplanetary
## English
### Alternative forms

* proto-planetary

### Etymology 1

From proto- +‎ planetary and protoplanet +‎ -ary.

#### Adjective

protoplanetary (not comparable)
* (astronomy, planets) Of or pertaining to a protoplanet.

##### Coordinate terms

* planetessimal
* planetoid

##### Derived terms

* proplyd
* protoplanetary core
* protoplanetary disc
* protoplanetary disk
* protoplanetary embryo
* protoplanetary nebula
* protoplanetary object

##### Related terms

* inter-planetary
* interplanetary
* planet
* planetary
* post-planetary
* postplanetary
* pre-planetary
* preplanetary
* protoplanet

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From protoplanetary nebula, from proto- + planetary nebula.

#### Adjective

protoplanetary (not comparable)
* Relating to a stage in the life of a red giant star or its protoplanetary nebula during the star's final stages of life

##### Related terms

* nebula
* planet
* planetary
* planetary nebula
* preplanetary
* preplanetary nebula
* protoplanetary nebula
# אויג
## Yiddish
### Etymology

From Old High German ouga, from Proto-Germanic *augô.

### Pronunciation

* (YIVO) IPA: /ɔɪ̯ɡ/
* (Southern Yiddish) IPA: /ɔɪ̯ɡ/
* (Northeastern Yiddish) IPA: /eɪ̯ɡ/

### Noun

אויג • (oyg) n, plural אויגן (oygn), diminutive אייגעלע (eygele)
* eye

#### Derived terms

* אויג אויף אויג (oyg oyf oyg)
* אויגאַנעס (oyganes)
* אויגנבליק (oygnblik)
* אויגנלעדל (oygnledl)
* אויגנלעפּל (oygnlepl)
* אויגנצאָן (oygntson)
* אויגעפּל (oygepl)
# kaolin
## English
### Alternative forms

* kaoline

### Etymology

From French kaolin, François Xavier d'Entrecolles's irregular romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 高嶺土 / 高岭土 (gāolǐngtǔ, “Gaoling earth”), from 高嶺 / 高岭 (Gāolǐng, “High Ridge”), a village in Fuliang County, Jingdezhen Prefecture, Jiangxi Province, that became Jingdezhen's primary source of this kind of clay during the early to mid-Qing dynasty.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkeɪ.ə.lɪn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

kaolin (countable and uncountable, plural kaolins)
* A fine clay, rich in kaolinite, used in ceramics, paper-making, etc.
** 1757, The Handmaid to the Arts, volume 2:The composition of the Eastern or proper China ware, according to accounts that have great marks of authenticity, is from two earths; one of which is, as was before mentioned, vitrescent, and is called Petunse; the other a refractory or apyrous earth; and called Kaolin.
** 1791, Erasmus Darwin, The Economy of Vegetation, J. Johnson, page 86:Grind with strong arm, the circling chertz betwixt, / Your pure Ka-o-lins and Pe-tun-tses mixt […] .

#### Synonyms

* china clay, E559, paper clay, lithomarge, lithomarga, kaoline, kaolinite

#### Derived terms

* kaolin-cephalin clotting time
* kaolin clotting time
* kaolinic
* kaolinite
* kaolinization
* kaolinize
* kaolinosis
* metakaolin

#### Translations
### References

* Krueger, Dennis (December 1982). "Why On Earth Do They Call It Throwing?" Studio Potter Vol. 11, Number 1. (etymology)
* Needham, Joseph & al. (2004), Science and Civilisation in China, Vol. V: Chemistry..., Pt. 12: Ceramic Technology, p. 220.

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkaolɪn]
* IPA: [ˈkaoliːn]

### Noun

kaolin m inan
* Alternative form of kaolín

#### Declension
## French
### Etymology

From the Chinese words 高嶺／高岭 (Gāolǐng, “high hill”), in Jingdezhen, Jiangxi province, China, the location this clay was first found.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.ɔ.lɛ̃/

### Noun

kaolin m (plural kaolins)
* kaolin

### Further reading

* “kaolin”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From French kaolin, from Chinese 高嶺／高岭 (Gāolǐng, “high hill”).

### Noun

kaolin m (definite singular kaolinen, uncountable)
* (mineralogy) kaolin

#### Synonyms

* porselensjord

### References

* “kaolin” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “kaolin” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From French kaolin, from Chinese 高嶺／高岭 (Gāolǐng, “high hill”).

### Noun

kaolin m (definite singular kaolinen, uncountable)
* (mineralogy) kaolin

#### Synonyms

* porselensjord

### References

* “kaolin” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaǒliːn/
* Hyphenation: ka‧o‧lin

### Noun

kaòlīn m (Cyrillic spelling као̀лӣн)
* kaolin
# πονέω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

πόνος (pónos) +‎ -έω (-éō)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /po.né.ɔː/ → /poˈne.o/ → /poˈne.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /po.né.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /poˈne.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /poˈne.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /poˈne.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /poˈne.o/

### Verb

πονέω • (ponéō)
* (in older Greek exclusively middle voice) to toil, labor, work

#### Derived terms

* ἀμφιπονέομαι (amphiponéomai)
* ἀποπονέω (apoponéō)
* γεωπονέω (geōponéō)
* γηπονέω (gēponéō)
* διαπονέω (diaponéō)
* διεκπονέω (diekponéō)
* ἐκπονέω (ekponéō)
* ἐμπονέω (emponéō)
* ἐπιπονέω (epiponéō)
* ζωπονέω (zōponéō)
* καταπονέω (kataponéō)
* ματαιοπονέω (mataioponéō)
* μισοπονέω (misoponéō)
* μοροπονέω (moroponéō)
* ὀφθαλμοπονέω (ophthalmoponéō)
* περιπονέω (periponéō)
* πονηρός (ponērós)
* προεκπονέω (proekponéō)
* προκαταπονέω (prokataponéō)
* προπονέω (proponéō)
* προσεκπονέω (prosekponéō)
* προσεμπονέω (prosemponéō)
* προσεπιπονέω (prosepiponéō)
* προσφιλοπονέω (prosphiloponéō)
* σιτοπονέω (sitoponéō)
* συγχειροπονέω (sunkheiroponéō)
* συμπονέω (sumponéō)
* συνδιαπονέω (sundiaponéō)
* συνεκπονέω (sunekponéō)
* συνεπιπονέω (sunepiponéō)
* συνεργοπονέω (sunergoponéō)
* ὑπεκπονέω (hupekponéō)
* ὑπερπονέω (huperponéō)
* ὑποπονέω (hupoponéō)
* φερεπονέω (phereponéō)
* φιλοπονέω (philoponéō)

### Further reading

* “πονέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* πονέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* πονέομαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “πονέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πονέω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. afflict idem, page 16.assist idem, page 46.disable idem, page 227.discomfort idem, page 230.distress idem, page 242.grieve idem, page 373.hard idem, page 385.labour idem, page 472.press idem, page 637.sorely idem, page 795.straiten idem, page 823.struggle idem, page 828.suffer idem, page 835.sweat idem, page 847.toil idem, page 880.totter idem, page 884.travail idem, page 890.trouble idem, page 897.work idem, page 988.
# 어떵
## Jeju
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽ət͈əŋ⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [ət͈əŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [어떵]

### Adverb

어떵 (eotteong)
* how

#### Derived terms

* 어떵ᄒᆞ다 (eotteonghawda)

### References

* 제주문화예술재단 [jejumunhwayesuljaedan] (2009) “어떵”, in 개정증보 제주어사전 [gaejeongjeungbo jejueosajeon]‎, 제주특별자치도 [jejuteukbyeoljachido], →ISBN, page 614
# στοιβή
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From στείβω (steíbō, “to tread, stamp”) +‎ -η (-ē).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stoi̯.bɛ̌ː/ → /styˈβi/ → /stiˈvi/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /stoi̯.bɛ̌ː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /styˈbe̝/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /styˈβi/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /styˈvi/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /stiˈvi/

### Noun

στοιβή • (stoibḗ) f (genitive στοιβῆς); first declension
* thorny burnet (Sarcopterium spinosum)
    Synonym: κολῠμβᾰ́ς (kolŭmbắs)
* cushion, pad
* padding, stuffing
* (architecture) foundation-course below stylobate
* sheaf, shock, heap of corn

#### Derived terms

* στοιβάζω (stoibázō)
* στοιβασία (stoibasía)
* στοιβάσιμος (stoibásimos)
* στοίβασις (stoíbasis)
* στοιβαστής (stoibastḗs)
* στοιβαστός (stoibastós)
* στοιβηδόν (stoibēdón)
* στοιβίον (stoibíon)
* στοιβοειδής (stoiboeidḗs)

#### Descendants

* → Latin: stoebē
** → Translingual: Stoebe

### Further reading

* “στοιβή”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “στοιβή”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* στοιβή in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
# udik
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay udik, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈu.dɪk]
* Hyphenation: u‧dik

### Noun

udik (plural udik-udik)
* upstream, part of the river towards the upstream direction.
* village, countryside.

### Adjective

udik
* (figurative) befitting, resembling, or characteristic of countryfolk
* dork
    Synonym: kampungan

### Derived terms

* keudikan

### Related terms

* mudik

### Further reading

* “udik” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# lipid
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French lipide, coined 1923 by Gabriel Bertrand from Ancient Greek λῐ́πος (lĭ́pos, “animal fat”) + French -ide.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɪpɪd/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪpɪd

### Noun

lipid (plural lipids)
* (organic chemistry) Any of a group of organic compounds including the fats, oils, waxes, sterols, and triglycerides. Lipids are characterized by being insoluble in water, and account for most of the fat present in the human body.

#### Derived terms

* aminolipid
* antilipid
* archaeolipid
* arsenolipid
* bilipid
* biolipid
* chlorolipid
* chlorosulfolipid
* chromolipid
* cyanolipid
* delipidize
* dyslipidemia
* epoxylipid
* exolipid
* galactolipid
* geolipid
* glucolipid
* glycerolipid
* glycerophospholipid
* glycolipid
* glycopeptidolipid
* glycosyllipid
* guggulipid
* heterolipid
* hydrolipid
* hyperlipidemia
* hypolipidemia
* intralipid
* lipidaceous
* lipidated
* lipidation
* lipidemia
* lipidic
* lipidized
* lipidogenic
* lipidogram
* lipidoid
* lipidology
* lipidolysis
* lipidome
* lipidomics
* lipidopathy
* lipidophilic
* lipidosis
* lipidostasis
* lipiduria
* lipoplatin
* lysolipid
* mycolipid
* nitrolipid
* nonlipid
* nucleolipid
* oncolipid
* phosphoglycerolipid
* phospholipid
* phytolipid
* proteolipid
* reinforced lipid
* saccharolipid
* sulfolipid
* sulpholipid

#### Descendants

* → Malay: lipid

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* pilid

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlɪpɪt]

### Noun

lipid m inan
* (organic chemistry) lipid

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “lipid”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “lipid”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Danish
### Noun

lipid n (singular definite lipidet, plural indefinite lipider)
* (organic chemistry) lipid

#### Declension
## Irish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English, from French lipide.

### Noun

lipid f (genitive singular lipide, nominative plural lipidí)
* (organic chemistry) lipid

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
lipid
lipidí
vocative
a lipid
a lipidí
genitive
lipide
lipidí
dative
lipid
lipidí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an lipid
na lipidí
genitive
na lipide
na lipidí
dative
leis an lipid don lipid
leis na lipidí :

#### Derived terms

* fosfailipid (“phospholipid”)

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “lipid”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* “lipid”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025

## Swedish
### Noun

lipid n
* (organic chemistry) lipid

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | lipid | lipids |
| singular | definite | lipiden | lipidens |
| plural | indefinite | lipider | lipiders |
| plural | definite | lipiderna | lipidernas |

#### Derived terms

* fosfolipid (“phospholipid”)
# rungne
## Champenois
### Etymology

Inherited from Old French ruine, borrowed from Latin ruīna.

### Pronunciation

IPA: /rœ̃ɲ/

### Noun

rungne f (plural rungnes)
* (Troyen) ruin

#### Derived terms

* rungner

### References

* Daunay, Jean (1998) Parlers de Champagne : Pour un classement thématique du vocabulaire des anciens parlers de Champagne (Aube - Marne - Haute-Marne)‎ (in French), Rumilly-lés-Vaudes
* Baudoin, Alphonse (1885) Glossaire de la forêt de Clairvaux‎ (in French), Troyes
# tedavi
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish تداوی (tedâvi), from Arabic تَدَاوٍ (tadāwin).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /te.daːvi/

### Noun

tedavi (definite accusative tedaviyi, plural tedaviler)
* (medicine) cure, treatment

#### Derived terms

* tedavi etmek

#### Related terms

* ameliyat
* doktor
* hastalık
* hekim
* ilaç
* iyileşmek
* iyileştirmek
# kumbento
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* kombento

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish convento. Compare Cebuano kombento.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kumˈbento/ [kʊmˈbɛn̪.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -ento
* Syllabification: kum‧ben‧to

### Noun

kumbento (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜋ᜔ᜊᜒᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)
* convent; rectory; presbytery
    Synonym: bahay-pari

#### Related terms

* kumbensiyon
* kumbensiyonal
* kumbensiyonista
* kumbenyensiya
* kumbenyente
* kumbenyo

#### See also

* abadiya
* monasteryo
* seminaryo

### Further reading

* “kumbento”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# խան
## Armenian
### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /χɑn/, [χɑn]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /χɑn/, [χɑn]

### Etymology 1

From Middle Armenian խան (xan).

#### Noun

խան • (xan)
* khan
** ca. 1680–1684, Baṙ girg taliani [An Armenian–Italian Dictionary published in Venice] page 29:խան․ փրէնչիփէxan; pʻrēnčʻipʻēխան (xan) = principe

##### Derived terms

* խանական (xanakan)
* խանություն (xanutʻyun)
* Ջիգարխանյան (J̌igarxanyan)

#### References

* ↑ Orengo, Alessandro (2019) “Il ԲԱՌ ԳԻՐԳ ՏԱԼԻԱՆԻ Un dizionario armeno-italiano del XVII secolo”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, page 228

### Etymology 2

From Old Armenian խան (xan). Doublet of խոն (xon) that came via Persian خوان (xwân).

#### Noun

խան • (xan)
* a plate
* tray, salver
    Synonym: սկուտեղ (skuteġ)
* a circular or rectangular wooden plate for measuring wheat and other grains; $^1$⁄$_{30th}$ of a թաղար (tʻaġar)

##### Declension
#### References

* ↑ Aġayan, Ēduard (1976) “խան”, in Ardi hayereni bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Hayastan, page 561
# karung
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay karung. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈka.rʊŋ/
* Hyphenation: ka‧rung

### Noun

karung (plural karung-karung)
* sack, a bag; especially a large bag of strong, coarse material for storage and handling of various commodities, such as potatoes, coal, coffee; or, a bag with handles used at a supermarket, a grocery sack; or, a small bag for small items, a satchel.
    Synonym: goni

#### Derived terms

* berkarung
* berkarung-karung
* mengarungi

#### Descendants

* → Min Nan: 茄囊 (ka-lông)

### Further reading

* “karung” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# Prudhoe
## English
### Proper noun

Prudhoe
* A town and civil parish with a town council in Northumberland, England (OS grid ref NZ0963).

#### Derived terms

* Prudhoe Bay
# UTV
## English
### Noun

UTV (plural UTVs)
* Initialism of utility task vehicle.

#### Synonyms

* (utility task vehicle): SxS (“side-by-side”)

#### Related terms

* ATV
* CUV
* SUV
* XUV
# 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *kweþaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷet-. Compare Old Norse kveða, Old High German quedan, Old English cweþan (modern English quethe).

#### Verb

𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 • (qiþan) (perfective)
* to say, speak

##### Conjugation

Variant spellings 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 (qiþeina) and 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 (qiþeiþ) are attested.
Class 5 strong :
| Infinitive | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 qiþan | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 qiþan | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 qiþan |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰 qiþa | 𐌵𐌰𐌸 qaþ | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌳𐌰 qiþada |
| 2nd singular | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌹𐍃 qiþis | 𐌵𐌰𐍃𐍄 qast | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌶𐌰 qiþaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌸 qiþiþ | 𐌵𐌰𐌸 qaþ | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌳𐌰 qiþada |
| 1st dual | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐍉𐍃 qiþōs | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌿 qēþu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍄𐍃 qiþats | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌿𐍄𐍃 qēþuts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌼 qiþam | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌿𐌼 qēþum | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 qiþanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌸 qiþiþ | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌿𐌸 qēþuþ | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 qiþanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳 qiþand | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌿𐌽 qēþun | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 qiþanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌿 qiþau | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌿 qēþjau | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 qiþaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍃 qiþais | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 qēþeis | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 qiþaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹 qiþai | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌹 qēþi | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 qiþaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 qiþaiwa | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 qēþeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 qiþaits | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 qēþeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 qiþaima | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 qēþeima | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 qiþaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌸 qiþaiþ | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸 qēþeiþ | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 qiþaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 qiþaina | 𐌵𐌴𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 qēþeina | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 qiþaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌵𐌹𐌸 qiþ | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 qiþadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐍄𐍃 qiþats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌹𐌸 qiþiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 qiþandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 qiþands | 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 qiþans | |

##### Derived terms

* 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (anaqiþan)
* 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (andqiþan)
* 𐌰𐍆𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (afqiþan)
* 𐌲𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (gaqiþan)
* 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (miþqiþan)
* 𐌿𐍃𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (usqiþan)
* 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (fauraqiþan)
* 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (faurqiþan)
* 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (fraqiþan)

##### Related terms

* *𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍃 (*qiss)

### Etymology 2
#### Participle

𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 • (qiþan)
* strong nominative/accusative neuter singular of 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 (qiþans), the past participle of 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (qiþan)