OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Benefield
## English
### Alternative forms

* (surname): Benfield

### Etymology

Recorded as Beringafeld in the Cartularium Saxonicum, the placename derives from the Old English personal name Bera + -ing (“belonging to”) + feld (“field”). The -n- in the present name is most probably due to Anglo-Norman assimilation.

### Proper noun

Benefield (countable and uncountable, plural Benefields)
* A civil parish in North Northamptonshire district, Northamptonshire, England, which includes the villages of Upper and Lower Benefield.
* A habitational surname from Old English.

#### Derived terms

* Lower Benefield
* Upper Benefield

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Benefield is the 5769th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 6004 individuals. Benefield is most common among White (81.4%) and Black/African American (13.16%) individuals.

### References

* Survey of English Place-Names

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Benefield”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 1, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 136.

### Anagrams

* infeebled
# pasión
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin passiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈsjon/ [paˈsjõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: pa‧sión

### Noun

pasión f (plural pasiones)
* passion
* inertia, idleness (the opposite of action)
    Synonyms: inactividad, ociosidad

#### Derived terms

* apasionado
* apasionar
* flor de la pasión
* fruta de la pasión

#### Related terms

* compasión
* padecer

### Further reading

* “pasión”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# آسیا
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ᾰ̓σῐ́ᾱ (Ăsĭ́ā, “Asia”).

#### Proper noun

آسیا • (asiya)
* Asia, a continent located east of Europe

##### Derived terms

* آسیالو (Asyalı, “Asiatic”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: Asya

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “Asya”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 327
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “آسیا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 18
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “آسیا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 116

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian آسیا (âsiyâ).

#### Noun

آسیا • (asya)
* mill, a grinding apparatus for substances such as grains or seeds
    Synonyms: دگرمن (değirmen), رحی (raha)
* mill, a building housing such a grinding apparatus

##### Derived terms

* آسیاب (asyab, “watermill”)
* آسیابان (asyaban, “miller”)
* آسیازنه (asyazene, “pick for sharpening millstones”)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: asya

#### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “asya”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 326
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “آسیا”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 18
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Mola”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1067
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “آسیا”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 226
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “آسیا”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 116

## Persian
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔɑː.si.ˈjɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑː.si.jɑ́ː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑː.si.jɑ́ː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɑː.si.jɑ́ː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔɔː.si.jɔ́ː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔɒː.si.jɒ́ː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔɔ.si.jɔ́]

#### Proper noun

| Dari | آسیا |
| Iranian Persian | آسیا |
| Tajik | Осиё |
آسیا • (âsiyâ)
* Asia (a continent)
    Meronyms: آسیای جنوبی (âsiyâ-ye jonubi), آسیای شرقی (âsiyâ-ye šarqi), آسیای غربی (âsiyâ-ye ğarbi)

##### Derived terms

* آسیایی (âsiyâyi)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔɑː.si.ˈjɑː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑː.si.jɑ́ː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑː.si.jɑ́ː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɑː.si.jɑ́ː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔɔː.si.jɔ́ː]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔɒː.si.jɒ́ː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔɔ.si.jɔ́]

#### Noun

آسیا • (âsiyâ)
* Alternative form of آسیاب (âsiyâb)
# візитний
## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʋʲiˈzɪtnei̯]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

візи́тний • (vizýtnyj)
* (relational) visiting
    візи́тна ка́ртка ― vizýtna kártka ― visiting card

#### Related terms

* візи́т m (vizýt)
* візиті́вка f (vizytívka)
* візи́тка f (vizýtka)
* візи́тна ка́ртка f (vizýtna kártka)

### Further reading

* “візитний”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “візитний”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
* “візитний”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “візитний”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
# 투표
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 投票.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tʰupʰjo]
* Phonetic hangul: [투표]

### Noun

Derived verbs :
| Active | 투표하다 |
| Passive | 투표되다 |
투표 • (tupyo) (hanja 投票)
* vote

#### Derived terms

* 국민투표(國民投票) (gungmintupyo, “referendum”)
* 비밀투표(秘密投票) (bimiltupyo, “secret ballot”)
* 재투표(再投票) (jaetupyo, “revote”)
* 투표구(投票區) (tupyogu)
* 투표권(投票權) (tupyogwon, “right to vote”)
* 투표록(投票錄) (tupyorok)
* 투표소(投票所) (tupyoso, “polling station”)
* 투표수(投票數) (tupyosu, “number of votes”)
* 투표용지(投票用紙) (tupyoyongji, “ballot (paper)”)
* 투표율(投票率) (tupyoyul, “voting rate”)
* 투표인(投票人) (tupyoin)
* 투표일(投票日) (tupyoil, “polling day”)
* 투표자(投票者) (tupyoja, “voter”)
* 투표장(投票場) (tupyojang)
* 투표지(投票紙) (tupyoji)
* 투표함(投票函) (tupyoham, “ballot box”)
# daek
## Zhuang
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /tak˥/
* Tone numbers: daek$^7$
* Hyphenation: daek

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Tai *p.takᴰ (“grasshopper”). Cognate with Bouyei dagt (“grasshopper”) and Thai ตั๊ก (dták) (as in ตั๊กแตน (dták-gà-dtɛɛn)).

#### Noun

daek (Sawndip forms 𧍋 or 𮔹 or 𰳌 or 𧍡 or 𫊵 or 𮕏, 1957–1982 spelling dək)
* grasshopper

##### Derived terms

* daekbwnqlwn
* daekdaeq
* daekfangz
* daekgaeuj
* daekgiet
* daekhaeux
* daekhing
* daekmax
* daekmid
* daekmwn
* daeknok
* daeknomz
* daekngongq
* daekruemh
* daekyouz

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Tai *takᴰ (“to scoop”). Cognate with Thai ตัก (dtàk), Lao ຕັກ (tak), Lü ᦎᧅ (ṫak), Shan တၵ်း (ták), Bouyei dagt.

#### Verb

daek (Sawndip forms 㧹 or 𪮦 or 𭢙 or 𰔹 or 嘚 or 德 or 則, 1957–1982 spelling dək)
* to scoop; to ladle out

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Verb

daek (1957–1982 spelling dək)
* to crochet; to hook
# Amhara
## English
### Etymology

From Ge'ez ዐምሐራ (ʿämḥära).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /æmˈhæɹə/

### Noun

Amhara (plural Amharas)
* A member of a Semitic people of Ethiopia.
** 2002 August 1, Frank Tenaille, Music is the Weapon of the Future: Fifty Years of African Popular Music, →ISBN, page 168:Ahmed was also appreciated for his talents as a showman, because he had no equal in letting loose the famous eskista, with the heaving quiver of the torso and shoulders, of which Ethiopians are so fond. Eskista is the dance of the Amharas, enhancing amorous repartee and expressing collective jubilation.

#### Derived terms

* Amharic

#### Translations
### Proper noun

Amhara
* Ellipsis of Amhara people; synonym of Amharas; a Semitic-speaking people of Ethiopia
* Ellipsis of Amhara language; synonym of Amharic; a Semitic language spoken by the Amharas, and a lingua franca used by Ethiopia
* (historical) a province of the Ethiopian Empire
* Ellipsis of Amhara Region; a state of Ethiopia. Seat: Bahir Dar
** 2023 October 30, Dawit Endeshaw, “Conflict in Ethiopia's Amhara kills dozens, rights body says”, in Reuters‎:Spokespeople for the Ethiopian government, the army and Amhara's regional administration did not immediately respond to requests for comment. The government has not publicly commented on allegations its forces have committed abuses in Amhara.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* haraam

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Amharic አማራ (ʾämara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ma.ʁa/

### Noun

Amhara m or f by sense (plural Amharas)
* Amhara (person)

### Proper noun

Amhara f
* Amhara (province)
# Bałkany
## Polish
### Etymology

Internationalism; compare English Balkans.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bawˈka.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -anɘ
* Syllabification: Bał‧ka‧ny

### Proper noun

Bałkany nvir pl (related adjective bałkański)
* Balkans (a peninsula and mountain range in southeast Europe)
    Synonym: Półwysep Bałkański

#### Derived terms

* bałkanista
* bałkanistka
* bałkanistyka
* bałkanizacja

### Further reading

* Bałkany in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* Bałkany in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Bałkany in PWN's encyclopedia
# sakuna
## Finnish
### Noun

sakuna
* essive singular of saku

### Anagrams

* kaasun, naksua, sukana

## Hopi
### Noun

sakuna
* squirrel

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शकुन (śakuna, “bird of omen”); cf. Hindi शगुन (śagun, “omen”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /sakuˈnaʔ/ [sɐ.xʊˈn̪aʔ], (nonstandard) /sakuˈna/ [sɐ.xʊˈn̪a]
* Rhymes: -aʔ, (nonstandard) -a
* Syllabification: sa‧ku‧na

### Noun

sakunâ or sakuná (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜃᜓᜈ)
* accident; casualty; mishap
    Synonyms: aksidente, disgrasya
* calamity
    Synonyms: kalamidad, kapahamakan

#### Derived terms

* magkasakuna
* mapasakuna
* masakuna

### Further reading

* “sakuna”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# poligar
## English
### Noun

poligar (plural poligars)
* (historical) A territorial administrative and military governor appointed by the Nayaka rulers of South India during the 16th–18th centuries.
** 1996, Kaoru Sugihara, Local Agrarian Societies in Colonial India: Japanese Perspectives:But there were villages where several poligars resided, and from which the poligars extended their jurisdiction.

#### Derived terms

* poligar dog
# Legierung
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /leˈɡiːʁʊŋ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Legierung f (genitive Legierung, plural Legierungen)
* alloy, alloying

#### Derived terms

* AlCu-Legierung
* AlSi-Legierung
* AlSiCu-Legierung
* AlSiCu-Legierung
* AlSiMg-Legierung
* Aluminium-Kupfer-Legierung
* Aluminium-Magnesium-Silicium-Legierung
* Aluminium-Silicium-Legierung
* Aluminiumgusslegierung
* Aluminiumlegierung
* Antimon-Arsen-Legierung
* Bleilegierungen
* Chrom-Mangan-Legierung
* Chromlegierung
* Delegierung
* Dentalgoldlegierung
* Dentallegierung
* Diffusionslegierung
* Diffusionslegierungsverfahren
* Dreifachlegierung
* Druckguss-Legierung
* Druckgusslegierung
* Eisen-Kohlenstoff-Legierung
* Eisen-Legierung
* Eisen-Silizium-Legierung
* Eisenkohlenstofflegierung
* Eisenlegierung
* Ferrolegierung
* Formgedächtnis-Legierung
* Formgedächtnislegierung
* Gedächtnislegierung
* Geschosslegierung
* Gold-Kupfer-Legierung
* Gold-Silber-Legierung
* Goldgusslegierung
* Goldkupferlegierung
* Goldlegierung
* Goldsilberlegierung
* Gusslegierung
* Hartlegierung
* Iridiumlegierung
* Knetlegierung
* Kobaltbasislegierung
* Kobaltbasiszahnlegierung
* Kolbenlegierung
* Kupfer-Beryllium-Legierung
* Kupfer-Eisen-Phosphor-Legierung
* Kupfer-Nickel-Legierung
* Kupfer-Phosphor-Legierung
* Kupfer-Zink-Legierung
* Kupferlegierung
* Kupfernickellegierung
* Kupfersilberlegierung
* Legierungsbestandteil
* Legierungsbildung
* Legierungselement
* Legierungsfaktor
* Legierungsformel
* Legierungsgruppe
* Legierungskatalysator
* Legierungskomponente
* Legierungspartner
* Legierungsplattierung
* Legierungsstahl
* Legierungszusammensetzung
* Legierungszusatz
* Legierungszuschlag
* Lipowitz-Legierung
* Magnesiumlegierung
* Manganlegierung
* Messinglegierung
* Metall-Legierung
* Metallegierung
* Metalllegierung
* Molybdänlegierung
* Münzlegierung
* NE-Legierung
* Nichteisen-Legierung
* Nichteisenlegierung
* Nickel-Chrom-Legierung
* Nickel-Eisen-Legierung
* Nickel-Titan-Legierung
* Nickelbasislegierung
* Nickelchromlegierung
* Nickeleisenlegierung
* Nickellegierung
* Nickeltitanlegierung
* Niob-Titan-Legierung
* Palladium-Silber-Legierung
* Palladiumlegierung
* Platinlegierung
* Porzellanaufbrennlegierung
* Pseudo-Legierung
* Pseudolegierung
* Silber-Zinn-Legierung
* Silberlegierung
* Siliziumlegierung
* Sparlegierung
* Stahllegierung
* Superlegierung
* Titan-Zirkonium-Legierung
* Vorlegierung
* Wismut-Legierung
* Wismutlegierung
* Wolfram-Legierung
* Wolframlegierung
* Zinkdruckgusslegierung
* Zinklegierung

#### Related terms

* legieren
* Legieren

### See also

* Privilegierung (“privileging”)

### Further reading

* “Legierung” in Duden online
* “Legierung” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# βλαβερός
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From βλᾰ́β(η) (blắb(ē), “harm, damage”) +‎ -ερός (-erós).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bla.be.rós/ → /βla.βeˈros/ → /vla.veˈros/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /bla.be.rós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /bla.beˈros/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /βla.βeˈros/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /vla.veˈros/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /vla.veˈros/

### Adjective

βλᾰβερός • (blăberós) m (feminine βλᾰβερᾱ́, neuter βλᾰβερόν); first/second declension
* harmful, pernicious
    Antonym: ὠφέλῐμος (ōphélĭmos)

#### Derived terms

* βλᾰβεραυγής (blăberaugḗs)
* βλᾰβερόμμᾰτος (blăberómmătos)

#### Descendants

* > Greek: βλαβερός (vlaverós) (inherited)
* → Translingual: Blaberus

### Further reading

* “βλαβερός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* βλαβερός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* βλαβερός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)

## Greek
### Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek βλαβερός (blaberós), from βλάβη (blábē).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vla.veˈɾos/
* Hyphenation: βλα‧βε‧ρός

### Adjective

βλαβερός • (vlaverós) m (feminine βλαβερή, neuter βλαβερό)
* harmful, damaging, deleterious

#### Declension

Derivations: Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο βλαβερός, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο βλαβερός, etc.)

#### Related terms

* βλαβερότητα f (vlaverótita)
* and see: βλάβη f (vlávi, “harm”)

### References

* ↑ βλαβερός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# 故里
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gùlǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gu$^3$ lei$^5$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): gu$^7$ li$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gùlǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gùlǐ
*** Wade–Giles: ku$^4$-li$^3$
*** Yale: gù-lǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guhlii
*** Palladius: гули (guli)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gu$^3$ lei$^5$
*** Yale: gu léih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gu$^3$ lei$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gu$^3$ léi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /kuː³³ lei̯¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gu$^7$ li$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kū lí
*** Sinological IPA : /ku¹¹ li⁵²/

### Noun

故里
* native place; hometown
** 1987, “大約在冬季”, performed by 齊秦:
       nǐ wèn wǒ héshí guī gùlǐ, wǒ yě qīngshēng dì wèn zìjǐ [Pinyin]
       You asked me when I would return home; and I quietly asked myself as well
** (Can we date this quote?), “榕水缘” (00:03:08 from the start), 潘琼林 (lyrics)‎performed by 音妹 李子光:
       suê$^3$ suê$^3$ tuang$^5$ in$^5$ / gu$^7$ li$^2$ ciang$^5$ siang$^1$ i$^1$ [Peng'im]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* 土 (literary, or in compounds)
* 家鄉 / 家乡 (jiāxiāng)
* 故國 / 故国 (gùguó) (literary)
* 故園 / 故园 (gùyuán) (literary)
* 故土 (gùtǔ)
* 故鄉 / 故乡 (gùxiāng)
* 老家 (lǎojiā)
* 老屋 (Hakka)
* 鄉下 / 乡下
* 鄉土 / 乡土 (xiāngtǔ)
* 鄉梓 / 乡梓 (xiāngzǐ) (literary)
* 鄉關 / 乡关 (xiāngguān) (literary)
* 鄉黨 / 乡党 (xiāngdǎng) (Classical)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 故 | 里 |
| ふる Grade: 5 | さと Grade: 2 |
| irregular | kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 故里 – see the following entry. :
| 【ふるさと】 | [noun] a homeland, hometown (place one was born and/or raised) [noun] a familiar place one has lived, stayed, or visited in the past [noun] an ancient city, usually crumbling or already in ruins, that once prospered [noun] (figurative) a holy ground [noun] (archaic) one's house or home [noun] (slang) female genitalia [proper noun] 古郷, 古里, 故里, 生琉里, 生硫里: a placename Alternative spellings 古里, 故郷, 古郷, 生琉里, 生硫里 |
(This term, 故里, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# genggam
## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *gemgem (“fist; hold in the fist”). Cognate with Paiwan gəmgəm (“fist”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡəŋɡam/
* Rhymes: -əŋɡam, -ɡam, -am

### Noun

genggam (Jawi spelling ݢڠݢم, plural genggam-genggam, informal 1st possessive genggamku, 2nd possessive genggammu, 3rd possessive genggamnya)
* grip

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: genggam

### Verb

genggam (Jawi spelling ݢڠݢم)
* to grasp
* (figurative) to rule over; to dominate

#### Derived terms

* digenggam
* genggaman
* menggenggam
* penggenggam
* penggenggaman

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: genggam

### Further reading

* “genggam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
* Austronesian Comparative Dictionary - *gemgem
# amplificatie
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French amplification, from Latin amplificātiōnem. Equivalent to amplificeren +‎ -atie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑm.pli.fiˈkaː.(t)si/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: am‧pli‧fi‧ca‧tie
* Rhymes: -aːtsi

### Noun

amplificatie f (plural amplificaties, diminutive amplificatietje n)
* amplification
    Synonym: versterking

#### Related terms

* ampliatie

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: amplifikasi
# lochia
## English
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin lochia, from Ancient Greek λοχεία (lokheía), neuter plural of λοχείος (lokheíos, “of childbirth”), from λόχος (lókhos, “childbirth”).

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈlɒ.kɪ.ə/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈloʊ.ki.ə/ enPR: lō'kē-ə, enPR: lŏk'ē-ə

### Noun

lochia pl (plural only)
* Normal post-partum vaginal discharge; blood, mucus, and placental tissue that are discharged from a female's vagina (similar to menstruation) for several weeks after she has given birth.
** 1822, Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal:In April 1819, I attended a young married lady in her first pregnancy, in whose case the lochia began to diminish on the seventh day after parturition, [...]
** 1866, Fleetwood Churchill, On the theory and practice of midwifery:Variations in the quantity, quality, or odour of the lochia not unnaturally excite great alarm in the mind of the patient, who regards any deviation in this secretion as a proof of serious disease. Yet very remarkable differences do occur, without any morbid affection of the uterus or vagina.
** 1884, William Smoult Playfair, A Treatise on the Science and Practice of Midwifery, volume II (fifth edition), part III, chapter IX:In three or four days the distinctly bloody character of the lochia is altered. They have a reddish watery appearance, and are known as the lochia rubra or cruenta [...]
** 1921, the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, published by the American Gynecological Society
    On the fifth day the coryza, cough and rash were all improved, but the patient was irrational; the lochia were thin, watery and odorless; [...]
** 1924: The Canadian nurse, published by the Canadian Nurses' Association
    Check lochia and change sterile pad. If the patient's pulse is under 90, the fundus is firm and the lochia is normal, the patient may be left at the end ...
** 1927, The Indian Veterinary Journal, published by the Indian Veterinary Association
    In one Magra ewe which gave birth to twins, lochia continued for 8 days [...]
** 1946: Nicholson Joseph Eastman and Emil Novak, Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey
    By the fifth day, however, the lochia was normal in most of the patients and in only 4 patients was it heavy.
** 1998, Giovanni Maciocia, Obstetrics & Gynecology in Chinese Medicine, page 609:For the first three or four days after delivery the lochia are red; [...] three different types of lochia are distinguished: ‘lochia rubra’ or ‘red lochia’, ‘lochia serosa’ ‘serous lochia’, which appears five to six days after delivery, and ‘lochia alba’ meaning ‘white lochia’, the final lochial discharge [...]

#### Usage notes

* The word is sometimes treated as though it were a singular noun, in which case it is uncountable.

#### Related terms

* lochia alba
* lochial
* lochia rubra
* lochia serosa
* lochiorrhea, lochiorrhoea
* lochioschesis
* lochiostasis

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* -aholic, Acholi, cholai
# kubasa
## English
### Alternative forms

* kovbasa (uncommon)

### Etymology

From Ukrainian ковбаса́ (kovbasá /⁠kowbasˈa⁠/, “sausage”, see there for more), a very early Slavic borrowing with no clear antecedent.
The Slavic variants (including Polish kiełbasa, whence kielbasa) point to several reconstructed forms from Proto-Slavic *kъlbasa, *klobasa, *kobasa. It is considered most likely to be borrowed from Proto-Turkic *kül +‎ *bastï, literally “ash pressed”; compare Turkish külbastı (“roasted meat”), basmak (“to press”).

### Pronunciation

* (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˌkubəˈsɑ/, /ˈkubəsɑ/, enPR: ko͞o'bə-säʹ, ko͞oʹbə-sä
* Rhymes: -ɑː
* Hyphenation: ku‧ba‧sa

### Noun

kubasa (countable and uncountable, plural kubasas)
* (Canada) A smoked pork sausage with garlic, originating in Eastern Europe.
    Synonyms: garlic ring, garlic sausage, kielbasa

#### Derived terms

* kubie
* kubie burger
* kubie dog

### References

* “kubasa” in the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 2004.
* Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “ковбаса”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka

### Anagrams

* Kasuba
# metodas
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Ancient Greek μέθοδος (méthodos). Borrowed via other European languages.

### Noun

metòdas m (plural metòdai) stress pattern 2
* method
    mokslinis metodas ― scientific method

#### Related terms

* metodika
* metodikas
* metodinis
* metodistas
* metodiškai
* metodiškas
* metodologija
* metodologinis

### Further reading

* “metodas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
* “metodas”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2025

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈme.to.dɑs/

### Noun

metodas
* nominative/accusative plural of metod