# गन्ध
## Hindi
### Noun

गन्ध • (gandh) f
* Alternative spelling of गंध (gandh)

#### Declension
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* gandha (Latin script)
* 𑀕𑀦𑁆𑀥 (Brahmi script)
* গন্ধ (Bengali script)
* ගන්‍ධ (Sinhalese script)
* ဂန္ဓ or ၷၼ္ꩪ or ၷၼ်ꩪ (Burmese script)
* คนฺธ or คันธะ (Thai script)
* ᨣᨶ᩠ᨵ (Tai Tham script)
* ຄນ຺ຘ or ຄັນຘະ (Lao script)
* គន្ធ (Khmer script)
* 𑄉𑄚𑄴𑄙 (Chakma script)

### Noun

गन्ध m
* Devanagari script form of gandha (“smell”)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* গন্ধ (Assamese script)
* ᬕᬦ᭄ᬥ (Balinese script)
* গন্ধ (Bengali script)
* 𑰐𑰡𑰿𑰠 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀕𑀦𑁆𑀥 (Brahmi script)
* ဂန္ဓ (Burmese script)
* ગન્ધ (Gujarati script)
* ਗਨ੍ਧ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌗𑌨𑍍𑌧 (Grantha script)
* ꦒꦤ꧀ꦣ (Javanese script)
* 𑂏𑂢𑂹𑂡 (Kaithi script)
* ಗನ್ಧ (Kannada script)
* គន្ធ (Khmer script)
* ຄນ຺ຘ (Lao script)
* ഗന്ധ (Malayalam script)
* ᡤᠠᠨᢡᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘐𑘡𑘿𑘠 (Modi script)
* ᠺᠠᠨᢑᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦰𑧁𑧠𑧀 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐐𑐣𑑂𑐢 (Newa script)
* ଗନ୍ଧ (Odia script)
* ꢔꢥ꣄ꢤ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆓𑆤𑇀𑆣 (Sharada script)
* 𑖐𑖡𑖿𑖠 (Siddham script)
* ගන්‍ධ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩞𑩯 𑪙𑩮 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚌𑚝𑚶𑚜 (Takri script)
* க³ந்த⁴ (Tamil script)
* గన్ధ (Telugu script)
* คนฺธ (Thai script)
* ག་ནྡྷ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒑𑒢𑓂𑒡 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨍𑨝𑩇𑨜 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *g(ʰ)andʰ- (“to smell”); further etymology unknown, and likely a borrowing, perhaps from the BMAC substrate. Alternative theories consider a relation to गध्य (gadhya, “to be seized or gained as booty”), citing a semantic parallel with सुरभि (surabhi, “sweet-smelling, fragrant”, literally “seizing pleasantly”) and its root रभ् (rabh, “to grasp”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (ga$^i$ṇti, “stench”), 𐬛𐬎𐬲𐬔𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (dužga$^i$ṇti, “smelling badly”), Sogdian γnt (“stench”), Persian گنده (gande, “stench”), Northern Luri گںن (gən).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɡɐn.dʱɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɡɐn̪.d̪ʱɐ/

### Noun

गन्ध • (gandhá) stem, m
* odour, smell, fragrance
* fragrant substance, perfume

#### Derived terms

* गन्धक (gandhaka)
* गन्धकारी (gandhakārī)
* गन्धकुसुमा (gandhakusumā)
* गन्धगज (gandhagaja)
* गन्धजल (gandhajala)
* गन्धनकुल (gandhanakula)
* गन्धपाषाण (gandhapāṣāṇa)
* गन्धमादन (gandhamādana)
* गन्धमृग (gandhamṛga)
* गन्धाखु (gandhākhu)
* गन्धि (gandhi)

#### Descendants

* Pali: gandha
* Prakrit: 𑀕𑀁𑀥 (gaṃdha), 𑀕𑀁𑀥𑀬 (gaṃdhaya)
** Central:
*** ⇒ Hindustani: gãdhānā
**** Hindi: गंधाना
**** Urdu: گندھانا
** Eastern:
*** Assamese: গান্ধ (gandho)
*** Bengali: গন্ধানো (gondhanō), গন্ধ (gondho)
** Northern:
*** Bhadrawahi: गन् (gan)
*** ⇒ Nepali: गनाउनु (ganāunu)
** Northwestern:
*** Punjabi: gandh
    Gurmukhi script: ਗੰਧ
    Shahmukhi script: گَن٘دھ
** Southern:
*** Konkani: gā̃nda
    Devanagari script: गांद
    Latin script: gand
    Devanagari script: गांद
** Western:
*** ⇒ Gujarati: ગંધાવું (gandhāvũ)
*** Romani: kandel, khandel
Borrowed terms
* → Indonesian: ganda
* → Lü: ᦅᧃᦒᦱ (kanthaa)
* → Hindustani: gandh
** Hindi: गंध
** Urdu: گندھ
* → Kannada: ಗಂಧ (gandha)
* ⇒ Malayalam: കെന്തുക (kentuka)
* → Marathi: गंध (gandha), गंधा (gandhā)
* Punjabi: ਗੰਧ (gandh)
* → Tamil: கந்தம் (kantam)
* → Telugu: గంధము (gandhamu)
* → Tagalog: ganda
* → Thai: คันธะ (kan-tá)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “गन्ध”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 345/1.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gandha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 103-104
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 461-2