# surma
## English
### Noun

surma (uncountable)
* Alternative form of soorma

### Anagrams

* Masur, Sarum, Umars, amurs, arums, musar, ramus, rusma

## Estonian
### Noun

surma
* genitive singular of surm
* partitive singular of surm
* illative singular of surm

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *surma, from Proto-Uralic *śurma. Equivalent to surra +‎ -ma (although the original meaning of surra is not found in Finnish). Cognates include Estonian surm, Karelian šurma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsurmɑ/, [ˈs̠urmɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -urmɑ
* Hyphenation: sur‧ma

### Noun

surma
* violent or accidental death (mainly used of humans)
    He saivat surmansaThey got killed.(literally, “They got their deaths.”)
* the personification of sudden death
    Hän joutui surman suuhun.He got killed.(literally, “He got into the mouth of death.”)
* (law) killing, voluntary manslaughter under mitigating circumstances

#### Usage notes

* (law): "killing" is the unofficial translation of Finnish penal code used by the Ministry of Justice of Finland. See usage notes under tappo.

#### Declension

Possessive forms of surma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
surmani
surmani
accusative
nom.
surmani
surmani
gen.
surmani
genitive
surmani
surmieni surmaini $^{rare}$
partitive
surmaani
surmiani
inessive
surmassani
surmissani
elative
surmastani
surmistani
illative
surmaani
surmiini
adessive
surmallani
surmillani
ablative
surmaltani
surmiltani
allative
surmalleni
surmilleni
essive
surmanani
surminani
translative
surmakseni
surmikseni
abessive
surmattani
surmittani
instructive
comitative
—surmineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
surmasi
surmasi
accusative
nom.
surmasi
surmasi
gen.
surmasi
genitive
surmasi
surmiesi surmaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
surmaasi
surmiasi
inessive
surmassasi
surmissasi
elative
surmastasi
surmistasi
illative
surmaasi
surmiisi
adessive
surmallasi
surmillasi
ablative
surmaltasi
surmiltasi
allative
surmallesi
surmillesi
essive
surmanasi
surminasi
translative
surmaksesi
surmiksesi
abessive
surmattasi
surmittasi
instructive
comitative
—surminesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
surmamme
surmamme
accusative
nom.
surmamme
surmamme
gen.
surmamme
genitive
surmamme
surmiemme surmaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
surmaamme
surmiamme
inessive
surmassamme
surmissamme
elative
surmastamme
surmistamme
illative
surmaamme
surmiimme
adessive
surmallamme
surmillamme
ablative
surmaltamme
surmiltamme
allative
surmallemme
surmillemme
essive
surmanamme
surminamme
translative
surmaksemme
surmiksemme
abessive
surmattamme
surmittamme
instructive
comitative
—surminemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
surmanne
surmanne
accusative
nom.
surmanne
surmanne
gen.
surmanne
genitive
surmanne
surmienne surmainne $^{rare}$
partitive
surmaanne
surmianne
inessive
surmassanne
surmissanne
elative
surmastanne
surmistanne
illative
surmaanne
surmiinne
adessive
surmallanne
surmillanne
ablative
surmaltanne
surmiltanne
allative
surmallenne
surmillenne
essive
surmananne
surminanne
translative
surmaksenne
surmiksenne
abessive
surmattanne
surmittanne
instructive
comitative
—surminenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
surmansa
surmansa
accusative
nom.
surmansa
surmansa
gen.
surmansa
genitive
surmansa
surmiensa surmainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
surmaansa
surmiaan surmiansa
inessive
surmassaan surmassansa
surmissaan surmissansa
elative
surmastaan surmastansa
surmistaan surmistansa
illative
surmaansa
surmiinsa
adessive
surmallaan surmallansa
surmillaan surmillansa
ablative
surmaltaan surmaltansa
surmiltaan surmiltansa
allative
surmalleen surmallensa
surmilleen surmillensa
essive
surmanaan surmanansa
surminaan surminansa
translative
surmakseen surmaksensa
surmikseen surmiksensa
abessive
surmattaan surmattansa
surmittaan surmittansa
instructive
comitative
—surmineen surminensa :

#### Synonyms

* (voluntary manslaughter): tappo (common language)

#### Derived terms

* joukkosurma
* lapsensurma
* perhesurma
* saada surmansa
* salasurma
* surma-ase
* surmanajaja
* surmanajo
* surmanenkeli
* surmanhyppy
* surmanisku
* surmanloukku
* surmanluoti
* surmansilmukka
* surmatyö
* velisurma
* surmakka
* suurin surminkaan
* surmata

### See also

* henkirikos
* kuolemantuottamus
* murha
* tappo

### Further reading

* “surma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* Urmas, marsu

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *surma. Cognates include Finnish surma and Estonian surm.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈsurmɑ/, [ˈs̠urm]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈsurmɑ/, [ˈʃurmɑ]
* Rhymes: -urm, -urmɑ
* Hyphenation: sur‧ma

### Noun

surma
* death

#### Synonyms

* koolema

#### Derived terms

* epäsurma
* surmata

#### See also

* koolla (“to die”)

### References

* Fedor Tumansky (1790) “сурума”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 699
* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 551