# лопата
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lopata. Morphologically formed from лоп- (lop-, “sheet, spade”) +‎ -ата (-ata).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫoˈpatɐ]

### Noun

лопа́та • (lopáta) f (diminutive лопа́тка)
* shovel, spade
    пра́ва лопа́та ― práva lopáta ― spade
    кри́ва лопа́та ― kríva lopáta ― curved shovel
* big dustpan
* paddle, oar, scull
* shovelful, spadeful

#### Related terms

* лопур (lopur, “butterbur”)
* лопух (lopuh), лопун (lopun, “burdock”)
* ло́пен (lópen), лопя́н (lopján, “plant with big leaves”)

### References

* “лопата”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “лопата”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lopata.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɫɔpata]

### Noun

лопата • (lopata) f (diminutive лопатче or лопатка)
* shovel, spade
* peel (spadelike implement for removing loaves from an oven)

#### Declension
## Old Church Slavonic
### Alternative forms

* (Glagolitic): ⰾⱁⱂⰰⱅⰰ (lopata)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lopata.

### Noun

лопата • (lopata) f
* spade
* shovel

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “лопата”, in GORAZD (overall work in Czech, English, and Russian), http://gorazd.org, 2016—2025

## Old East Slavic
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lopata.

### Noun

лопата (lopata) f
* shovel, spade

#### Descendants

* Belarusian: лапа́та (lapáta)
* Russian: лопа́та (lopáta)
* Ukrainian: лопа́та (lopáta)

### References

* Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893–1912) “лопата”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume, Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences

## Russian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lopata.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɫɐˈpatə]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -atə

### Noun

лопа́та • (lopáta) f inan (genitive лопа́ты, nominative plural лопа́ты, genitive plural лопа́т, diminutive лопа́тка or лопа́точка)
* spade, shovel
* (slang) electric guitar
* (colloquial) punchline
* (baking) peel

#### Related terms

* ло́пасть f (lópastʹ)
* лопатоно́с m (lopatonós)
* совко́вая лопа́та f (sovkóvaja lopáta)
* штыкова́я лопа́та f (štykovája lopáta)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lopata.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lǒpata/
* Hyphenation: ло‧па‧та

### Noun

ло̀пата f (Latin spelling lòpata)
* shovel

#### Declension
### References

* “лопата”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lopata.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [ɫɔˈpatɐ]

### Noun

лопа́та • (lopáta) f inan (genitive лопа́ти, nominative plural лопа́ти, genitive plural лопа́т)
* shovel
* spade (a garden tool with a handle and a flat blade for digging)
    Synonym: за́ступ m (zástup)
* peel (a paddle-like tool used to take bread or pizza from an oven)

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “лопата”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka