OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ἀλανοί
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* Ἀλαῦνοι (Alaûnoi)

### Etymology

From Proto-Sarmatian *Allān. Doublet of Ἀριανοί (Arianoí).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.laː.nǒi̯/ → /a.laˈny/ → /a.laˈni/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.laː.nǒi̯/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /a.laˈny/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /a.laˈny/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /a.laˈny/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /a.laˈni/

### Noun

Ἀλᾱνοί • (Alānoí) m pl (genitive Ἀλᾱνῶν); first declension
* Alans (Scytho-Sarmatian tribe dwelling near the river Tanais north of the Black Sea)

#### Related terms

* Ἀλᾱνῐ́ᾱ (Alānĭ́ā)
* Ἀλᾱνῐκός (Alānĭkós)

#### Descendants

* → Latin: Alānī

### References

* ↑ Agustí Alemany (2000) Sources on the Alans: A Critical Compilation‎, BRILL, →ISBN

### Further reading

* Ἀλανοί in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
# 蘩

| 蘩 | U+8629, &#34345; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8629 |
| ← 蘨 [U+8628] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蘪 → [U+862A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蘩 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+17, 20 strokes, cangjie input 廿人大火 (TOKF), four-corner 4490$_3$, composition ⿱艹繁)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1070, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32512
* Dae Jaweon: page 1536, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3331, character 11
* Unihan data for U+8629

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fán (fan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fán
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fán
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^2$
*** Yale: fán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: farn
*** Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^4$
*** Yale: fàahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: bjon
Rime :
| Character | 蘩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 附袁切 |
| Baxter | bjon |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bʉɐn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bʷiɐn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biuɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buan/ |
| Li Rong | /biuɐn/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭwɐn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯wɐn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | faan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ban/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蘩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2948 |
| Phonetic component | 緐 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 煩 |
| Old Chinese | /*ban/ |

### Definitions

蘩
* hoary mugwort, dusty miller (Artemisia stelleriana)

### Compounds

* 奉蘋蘩 / 奉𬞟蘩
* 蘋蘩 / 𬞟蘩
* 蘩虂
* 采蘩

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぼん (bon)
* Kan-on: はん (han)
* Kun: しろよもぎ (shiroyomogi)

#### Compounds

* 蘩蔞(はこべ) (hakobe): chickweed

## Korean
### Hanja

蘩 • (beon) (hangeul 번, revised beon, McCune–Reischauer pŏn, Yale pen)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
# Liter
## German
### Alternative forms

* Ltr., l, L, ℓ (abbreviations)

### Etymology

Borrowed from French litre, from Ancient Greek λίτρα (lítra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɪtɐ/, /ˈliːtɐ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Liter m or n (strong, genitive Liters, plural Liter)
* liter, litre
    Synonym: Kubikdezimeter

#### Usage notes

* The German Institute for Standardization (DIN) recommends using the neuter gender (das Liter), but the word is now almost exclusively masculine. The neuter will sound ungrammatical to many or most native speakers.

#### Hypernyms

* Hohlmaß (Hohlmass (Switzerland and Liechtenstein))
* Maßeinheit (Masseinheit (Switzerland and Liechtenstein))

#### Derived terms

* Achtelliter
* Centiliter
* Dekaliter
* Deziliter
* Dreiliterauto
* Dreiviertelliterflasche
* Femtoliter
* Gigaliter
* Halbliter-
* Hektoliter
* Kiloliter
* Liter-Definition
* Literdefinition
* Literflasche
* Literpreis
* literweise
* Literzahl
* Mikroliter
* Milliliter
* Nanoliter
* Picoliter
* Pikoliter
* Röntgenliter
* Viertelliter
* Zehntelliter
* Zentiliter

#### Related terms

* 3-Liter-Auto
* Halbliter-Glas
* Halbliterflasche
* Halbliterglas
* Halbliterhumpen
* Mikroliterbereich

### Further reading

* “Liter” in Duden online
* “Liter” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# orquestrar
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ur.kəsˈtɾa]
* IPA: (Balearic) [or.kəsˈtɾa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [oɾ.kesˈtɾaɾ]
* Homophone: orquestrà

### Verb

orquestrar (first-person singular present orquestro, first-person singular preterite orquestrí, past participle orquestrat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/
* to orchestrate
    orquestrada per l'estat espanyolorchestrated by the Spanish state

#### Derived terms

* orquestració

### Further reading

* “orquestrar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “orquestrar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “orquestrar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “orquestrar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From orquestra +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /oʁ.kesˈtɾa(ʁ)/ [oh.kesˈtɾa(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /oʁ.kesˈtɾa(ʁ)/ [oh.kesˈtɾa(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /oɾ.kesˈtɾa(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /oʁ.keʃˈtɾa(ʁ)/ [oχ.keʃˈtɾa(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /oɻ.kesˈtɾa(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɔɾ.kɨʃˈtɾaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɔɾ.kɨʃˈtɾaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɔɾ.kɨʃˈtɾa.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: or‧ques‧trar

### Verb

orquestrar (first-person singular present orquestro, first-person singular preterite orquestrei, past participle orquestrado)
* (transitive) to orchestrate, compose music for dramatic performance
    Synonyms: compor, preparar
    Nosso anfitrião em pessoa orquestrará a música de abertura. ― Our host himself will orchestrate the opening music.
* (transitive) to orchestrate, to arrange, direct elements
    Synonyms: organizar, combinar, arranjar
    Todos os funcionários aqui são orquestrados diretamente por mim. ― All the workers here are orchestrated directly by me.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to organize”): bagunçar, desorganizar

#### Related terms

* orquestra
* orquestração
* orquestral
# riṅgit
## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Affixed gigit (“to bite”) +‎ -in- (“passive voice”) +‎ -er-, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *gitgit (“to nibble, chew at”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /riŋ.ɡɪt/
* Rhymes: -ɡɪt
* Hyphenation: ring‧git

### Noun

riṅgit
* figure
* wayang figure
* wayang performance

#### Derived terms

* ariṅgit
* aṅriṅgit
* aṅriṅgitan
* riniṅgit
* riṅgitan
* adĕg riṅgit
* griṅsiṅ riṅgit

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦫꦶꦁꦒꦶꦠ꧀ (ringgit)

### Further reading

* "riṅgit" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
# beisbolas
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English baseball.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbʲɛɪˑzbɔlɐs]

### Noun

beĩsbolas m stress pattern 1
* (uncountable) baseball

#### Derived terms

* beĩsbolininkas
* beĩsbolininkė
* mažàsis beĩsbolas

### Further reading

* “beisbolas”, in Bendrinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of common Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, n.d.
* “beisbolas”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2025
* beisbolas in Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia)
# irtibat
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ارتباط (irtibaṭ, “a being or becoming attached to, connected with a person or a thing, attachment, connexion”), from Arabic اِرْتِبَاط (irtibāṭ), verbal noun of اِرْتَبَطَ (irtabaṭa, “to be connected, associated with”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iɾ.tiˈbat/, (definite accusative) /iɾ.tiˈbaːtɯ/
* Hyphenation: ir‧ti‧bat

### Noun

irtibat (definite accusative irtibatı, plural irtibatlar)
* The act of connecting, connection.
    Synonyms: bağlantı, ilişki

#### Derived terms

* irtibat kurmak

#### Related terms

* irtibatlı
* rabıt
* rabıta
* raptiye
* zapturapt

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ارتباط”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 61
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “irtibat”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “irtibat”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “irtibat”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2209
# ꦕꦕꦃ
## Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Javanese cacah (“in pieces, in shreds, cut up, covered with wounds”), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cɔh, *ʔcɔh (“to peck, to strike with adze, hoe, etc.”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃa.t͡ʃah/
* Rhymes: -t͡ʃah
* Hyphenation: ca‧cah

### Noun

ꦕꦕꦃ (cacah)
* amount, number
* census

#### Derived terms

* ꦏꦕꦕꦲꦏꦺ (kacacahaké)
* ꦕꦕꦲꦺ (cacahé)
* ꦕꦶꦤꦕꦲꦏꦺ (cinacahaké)
* ꦤꦕꦲꦏꦺ (nacahaké)
* ꦕꦕꦃꦗꦶꦮ (cacah jiwa)

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: cacah (semantic loan)

### Further reading

* “cacah” in Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Jawa-Indonesia], Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta Special [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta], 2023.
# αποτάσσω
## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀποτάσσω (apotássō).

### Verb

αποτάσσω • (apotásso) (past απέταξα, passive αποτάσσομαι, ppp αποταγμένος)
* (military) to cashier, discharge
* (transitive) to dismiss, sack, discharge

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* απόταξη f (apótaxi, “dismissal”)
* τάσσω (tásso, “set, fix”)

#### Further reading

* αποτάσσω, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# hirarom
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

From hing- +‎ rarom.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hiˈɾaɾom/ [hiˈɾa.ɾom]
* IPA: /ʔiˈɾaɾom/ [ʔiˈɾa.ɾom] (h-dropping)
* Hyphenation: hi‧ra‧rom

### Noun

hirárom (Basahan spelling ᜑᜒᜍᜍᜓᜋ᜔)
* a tuck

#### Derived terms

* pahirarom
# ὄστρακον
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Traditionally held to be related to ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”) and ὄστρεον (óstreon, “oyster”). Beekes considers it more likely to be Pre-Greek, which does not exclude a relation to ὄστρεον (óstreon).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ós.tra.kon/ → /ˈos.tra.kon/ → /ˈos.tra.kon/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ós.tra.kon/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈos.tra.kon/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈos.tra.kon/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈos.tra.kon/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈos.tra.kon/

### Noun

ὄστρᾰκον • (óstrăkon) n (genitive ὀστρᾰ́κου); second declension
* earthen vessel
** fragment of such a vessel, potsherd
** earthen castanet
* the hard shell of animals such as mollusks and turtles
** mother of pearl
** eggshell

#### Derived terms

* μᾰλᾰκόστρᾰκος (mălăkóstrăkos)
* ὀστρᾰκῐ́ζω (ostrăkĭ́zō)
* ὀστρᾰ́κῐνος (ostrắkĭnos)
* ὀστρᾰκῐ́ς (ostrăkĭ́s)
* ὀστρᾰκόδερμος (ostrăkódermos)
* ὀστρᾰκώδης (ostrăkṓdēs)

#### Descendants

* Greek: όστρακο (óstrako)
* → Latin: astracum
** French: âtre
** Portuguese: óstraco
** Galician: ástrago
** Italian: lastrico
** Neapolitan: asteco
** → Old High German: esterih
*** Middle High German: esterich
**** German: Estrich
**** → Polish: strych

### Further reading

* “ὄστρακον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὄστρακον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ὄστρακον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. potsherd idem, page 629.shell idem, page 764.sherd idem, page 765.
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# vezne
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish وزنه (vezne, “kind of balance”), itself from Arabic وَزْنَة (wazna, “a particular weight”).

### Noun

vezne (definite accusative vezneyi, plural vezneler)
* kind of balance used to measure weights
* (by extension) any institution where money is received and given, like a bank
* powder flask, a small flask for carrying gunpowder
    Synonym: barutluk

#### Derived terms

* vezneci
* veznedar
* veznelik

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “vezne1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5116
# mucus
## English
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin mūcus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmjuːkəs/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -uːkəs
* Hyphenation: mu‧cus
* Homophone: mucous

### Noun

mucus (usually uncountable, plural mucuses or muci)
* (physiology) A slippery secretion from the lining of the mucous membranes.
    Hyponyms: phlegm, rheum
    The mucus in coryza may vary from runny to viscous.

#### Usage notes

* Do not confuse mucus (noun) with mucous (adjective).

#### Derived terms

* mucoid
* mucoidal

#### Related terms

* mucilaginous
* mucosa
* mucositis
* mucous

#### Translations
### See also

* booger
* snot
* phlegm

### Anagrams

* CUSUM

## French
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin mūcus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /my.kys/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

mucus m (uncountable)
* (physiology) mucus

#### Related terms

* mucilage
* mucosité
* muqueuse
* muqueux

#### Descendants

* → Turkish: mukus

### Further reading

* “mucus”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* muccus

### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *moukos, from Proto-Indo-European *mew-k- (“slimy, slippery”). Cognates include Ancient Greek μύκης (múkēs, “mushroom”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈmuː.kus/, [ˈmuːkʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈmu.kus/, [ˈmuːkus]

### Noun

mūcus m (genitive mūcī); second declension
* mucus

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* mūcēdō
* muceō
* mūcidus
* mūcōsus
* mūculentus

#### Related terms

* mūcō

#### Descendants

* Aromanian: muc, mucã
* Catalan: moc
* Corsican: moccia
* English: mucus
* French: mucus
** → Turkish: mukus
* Italian: moccio, muco
* Occitan: moc
* Old French: moche
* Portuguese: monco, muco
* Romanian: muc
* Sardinian: mucu, muccu
* Sicilian: muccu
* Spanish: moco
* Venetan: mocoło, moso

### References

* “mucus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “mucus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* mucus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* mucus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin mūcus. Doublet of muc.

### Noun

mucus n (uncountable)
* (physiology) mucus
# утворення
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From утвори́ти (utvorýty, “to form”) +‎ -ення (-ennja). Compare Belarusian утварэ́нне (utvarénnje), Polish utworzenie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʊtˈwɔrenʲːɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

утво́рення • (utvórennja) n inan (genitive утво́рення, nominative plural утво́рення, genitive plural утво́рень)
* verbal noun of утвори́ти pf (utvorýty): formation, derivation

#### Derived terms

* зіркоутво́рення n (zirkoutvórennja)
* зореутво́рення n (zoreutvórennja)
* структуроутво́рення n (strukturoutvórennja)
* тромбоутво́рення n (tromboutvórennja)
* ціноутво́рення n (cinoutvórennja)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “утворення”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “утворення”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “утворення”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “утворення”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# ψηφισμένος
## Greek
### Etymology

Perfect participle of ψηφίζομαι (psifízomai), passive voice of ψηφίζω (psifízo, “vote”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /psi.fiˈzme.nos/
* Hyphenation: ψη‧φι‧σμέ‧νος

### Participle

ψηφισμένος • (psifisménos) m (feminine ψηφισμένη, neuter ψηφισμένο)
* voted

#### Synonyms

* εκλεγμένος (eklegménos, “elected”)

#### Related terms

* καταψηφισμένος (katapsifisménos)
* ξαναψηφισμένος (xanapsifisménos)
* συμψηφισμένος (sympsifisménos)
* υπερψηφισμένος (yperpsifisménos)
# αράχνα
## Pontic Greek
### Alternative forms

* 'ράχνα ('ráchna), 'ράχνα̤ ('ráchnä), αράνα (arána)

### Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek ἀράχνη (arákhnē).

### Noun

αράχνα (aráchna) f
* spider
* (by extension) cobweb, spiderweb

#### Derived terms

* αράχνα̤σμαν (aráchnäsman)
* αραχνέα (arachnéa)
* αραχνέγομαι (arachnégomai)
* αράχνεσμα (aráchnesma)
* αραχνίτζα (arachnítza)
* αραχνοπανέγομαι (arachnopanégomai)
* αραχνοπάνι (arachnopáni)
* αραχνοπανωτό (arachnopanotó)
* αραχνόπο (arachnópo)
* αραχνοπούλι (arachnopoúli)
* αραχνοτσάκωμα (arachnotsákoma)
* αραχνουδά̤ζω (arachnoudä́zo)
* αραχνουδά̤σμαν (arachnoudä́sman)
* αραχνοφώλι (arachnofóli)

#### Descendants

* → Laz: რახნა (raxna)
* → Turkish: arahna, araḫana, rağna, rahna, raḫna

### References

* Papadópoulos, Ánthimos (1958–1961) “αράχνα”, in Ιστορικόν λεξικόν της ποντικής διαλέκτου [An historical dictionary of the Pontic dialect] (Παράρτημα περιοδικού «Αρχείον Πόντου»; 3), Athens: Myrtidis, pages 136–137
* Παρχαρίδης, Ιωάννης (1883–1884) “Συλλογή ζώντων μνημείων της αρχαίας ελληνικής γλώσσης εν Όφει [Collection of living documents of the Ancient Greek language in Ophis]”, in Ο εν Κωνσταντινουπόλει Ελληνικός Φιλολογικός Σύλλογος: Σύγγραμμα περιοδικόν‎ (in Greek), volume 18, page 161a of 118–178
* Oeconomides, D. E. (1908) Lautlehre des Pontischen (in German), Leipzig: A. Deichert'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Nachf., page 87
* Tursun, Vahit (2021) “αράχνα”, in Romeika – Türkçe Sözlük : Trabzon Rumcası, 2nd edition, Istanbul: Heyamola Yayınları, pages 159–160
* Tzitzilis, Christos (1987) Griechische Lehnwörter im Türkischen (mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der anatolischen Dialekte) (Schriften der Balkan-Kommission, philologische Abteilung; 33)‎ (in German), Vienna: Academy Press, § 34, page 27
# panah
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay panah, from Classical Malay panah, from Proto-Malayic *panah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *panaq, from Proto-Austronesian *panaq. Compare with Tagalog pana (“bow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pa.nah]
* Rhymes: -nah
* Hyphenation: pa‧nah

### Noun

panah (plural panah-panah)
* arrow:
** a projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.
    Synonym: anak panah
** a sign or symbol used to indicate a direction (e.g. →).

#### Derived terms

* berpanah-panahan
* dipanah
* dipanahi
* memanah
* memanahi
* memanahkan
* panahan
* pemanah
* pemanahan
* sepemanah
* terpanah
* panah angin
* panah api
* panah asmara
* panah kelodan
* panah matahari
* panah sendaren

### Further reading

* “panah” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

panah
* Romanization of ꦥꦤꦃ

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *panah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *panaq, from Proto-Austronesian *panaq. Compare with Tagalog pana (“bow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /panah/
* Rhymes: -anah, -nah, -ah

### Noun

panah (Jawi spelling ڤانه, plural panah-panah, informal 1st possessive panahku, 2nd possessive panahmu, 3rd possessive panahnya)
* arrow (projectile)

### Verb

panah (used in the form memanah)
* to shoot (to fire a shot (an arrow))

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* pemanah [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* panahan [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
* memanah [agent focus] (meN-)
* dipanah [patient focus] (di-)
* terpanah [agentless action] (teR-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
* anak panah

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: panah

### See also

* busur

### References

* "panah" in Kamus Dewan, Fourth Edition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, →ISBN, 2005.
* “panah” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *panaq.

### Noun

panah
* arrow

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦥꦤꦃ (panah)

### Further reading

* "panah" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
# liin
## Estonian
### Etymology

Likely from Middle Low German lîne, from Old Saxon *līna, from Proto-Germanic *līnǭ (“line, rope, flaxen cord, thread”), from *līną (“flax”).
Hypothetised to be derived from Proto-Indo-European *līno- (“flax”), although it's impossible to reconstruct a common PIE protoform due to discrepancies with other European branches and absence of cognates outside of Europe.
If originally a non-IE loanword, locating the source is impossible because cultivation of linen was widespread in the region since the Neolithic.

### Pronunciation

IPA: /ˈliːn/

### Noun

liin (genitive liini, partitive liini)
* line (e.g. a bus line)

#### Declension
## Kalo Finnish Romani
### Noun

liin m (genitive liinesko, nominative plural liine, genitive plural liinengo)
* book
* letter
* paper

#### Derived terms

* aabisliin
* baro liin
* berexesko liin
* bollibosko liin
* deevelesko besko čiriklesko liin
* dielibosko liin
* divisako liin
* džambibosko liin
* džeenjibosko liin
* džiljako liin
* džorjilbosko liin
* farabako liin
* freedibosko liin
* frendonesko liin
* froojibosko liin
* guososko liin
* häärnesko liin
* kamlibosko liin
* khangarjako liin
* laavesko liin
* liinekso bikniboskiero
* liineskiero
* liinesko bikniba
* liinesko huusa
* liinjalo
* liinjavitiko
* lovibosko liin
* lüüjako liin
* minsibosko liin
* navasiinako liin
* pattijako liin
* saakako liin
* sikjibosko liin
* taflako liin
* tiijako liin
* xellibosko liin

## Somali
### Etymology

From Arabic لَيْمُون (laymūn).

### Noun

liin ?
* lemon

## Võro
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *litna.

### Noun

liin (genitive liina, partitive liina)
* town

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.
# sléz
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech sléz, from Proto-Slavic *slězъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈslɛːs]

### Noun

sléz m inan
* mallow (any of a group of plants in several genera of the taxonomic family Malvaceae)

#### Derived terms

* sléz lesní

### Further reading

* “sléz”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “sléz”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “sléz”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)