OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *nemaną (“to take”), from Proto-Indo-European *nem-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈniman/

### Verb

𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 • (niman) (perfective)
* to take, accept, receive, assume
* to catch

#### Conjugation

Class 4 strong :
| Infinitive | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 niman | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 niman | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 niman |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰 nima | 𐌽𐌰𐌼 nam | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌳𐌰 nimada |
| 2nd singular | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 nimis | 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍄 namt | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌶𐌰 nimaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌸 nimiþ | 𐌽𐌰𐌼 nam | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌳𐌰 nimada |
| 1st dual | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐍉𐍃 nimōs | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿 nēmu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍄𐍃 nimats | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐍄𐍃 nēmuts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌼 nimam | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌼 nēmum | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 nimanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌸 nimiþ | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌸 nēmuþ | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 nimanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳 nimand | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌽 nēmun | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 nimanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌿 nimau | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌿 nēmjau | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 nimaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍃 nimais | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐍃 nēmeis | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 nimaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹 nimai | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌹 nēmi | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 nimaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 nimaiwa | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 nēmeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 nimaits | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 nēmeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 nimaima | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 nēmeima | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 nimaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌸 nimaiþ | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌸 nēmeiþ | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 nimaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 nimaina | 𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 nēmeina | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 nimaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌽𐌹𐌼 nim | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 nimadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍄𐍃 nimats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌸 nimiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 nimandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 nimands | 𐌽𐌿𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃 numans | |

#### Derived terms

* 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (andniman)
* 𐌰𐍄𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (atniman)
* 𐌰𐍆𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (afniman)
* 𐌱𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (biniman)
* 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (ganiman)
* 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (disniman)
* 𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (inniman)
* 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (miþniman)
* 𐌿𐍃𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (usniman)
* 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (franiman)
# self-paced
## English
### Etymology

From self- +‎ paced.

### Adjective

self-paced (comparative more self-paced, superlative most self-paced)
* Of an action or task, designed to be completed at the learner's own rate of progress and schedule.
** 1962, Hubert Claude Weston, Sight, Light and Work, page 76:It has been found experimentally, that persons of average vision are able to perform self-paced visual tasks requiring the perception of detail subtending an angle at the eye of one-sixth of a degree (10 minutes of arc) very efficiently under ordinary conditions of lighting, and provided the detail is in good contrast with adjacent parts of the object containing it.
# raśmi
## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit रश्मि (raśmi).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ras.mi/
* Rhymes: -mi
* Hyphenation: ras‧mi

### Noun

raśmi
* ray of light, beam, splendour
* radiance, radiant beauty
* charm
* bliss, amorous pleasure, love-making, sexual intercourse

#### Derived terms

* araśmi
* karaśmi
* karaśmin
* raśmin
* saraśmi
* raśmisañcaya

#### Descendants

* > Javanese: ꦫꦱ꧀ꦩꦶ (rasmi) (inherited)
* → Balinese: ᬭᬰ᭄ᬫᬶ (rasmi)

### Further reading

* "raśmi" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
# ŝuo
## Esperanto
### Alternative forms

* shuo (H-system spelling)
* sxuo (X-system spelling)

### Etymology

Borrowed from German Schuh, Yiddish שוך (shukh) and English shoe.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃuo]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uo
* Hyphenation: ŝu‧o

### Noun

ŝuo (accusative singular ŝuon, plural ŝuoj, accusative plural ŝuojn)
* shoe

#### Derived terms

* glitŝuo, sketŝuo (“skate”)
* neĝoŝuo (“snowshoe”)
* rulŝuo (“roller skate”)
* senŝua (“shoeless”)
* ŝuisto, ŝufaristo, ŝulaboristo (“shoemaker”)
* tolŝuo (“sneaker”)

#### Descendants

* Ido: shuo
# tangkal
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *taŋkal (“coop, as for chickens; pen, as for pigs”). Compare Tagalog tangkal (“coop”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /taŋˈkal/ [taŋˈkal̪]
* Hyphenation: tang‧kal

### Noun

tangkál (Basahan spelling ᜆᜅ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔)
* pigpen, pigsty

#### Derived terms

* magtangkal
* tangkalon

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay تڠکل (tangkal).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtaŋ.kal/, [ˈt̪aŋ.kal]
* Rhymes: -kal
* Hyphenation: tang‧kal

### Verb

tangkal
* to push away
* to block off
* to deter
* (immigration) to restrict entry

#### Derived terms

* ditangkal
* ditangkalkan
* menangkal
* menangkalkan
* penangkal
* penangkalan
* tertangkal

### Further reading

* “tangkal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Sundanese
### Romanization

tangkal
* Romanization of ᮒᮀᮊᮜ᮪

### Noun

tangkal (tangkal)
* tree
* tree-shrub
* trunk (of a tree)
* stem (of a plant)
* (rice, tea, tobacco, etc.) plant
* hassock (of grasses)

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* tangcal — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *taŋkal (“coop, as for chickens; pen, as for pigs”). Compare Bikol Central tangkal (“pigsty”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /taŋˈkal/ [t̪ɐŋˈkal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: tang‧kal

### Noun

tangkál (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜅ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔)
* coop; hencoop; chicken coop
    Synonyms: kulungan, hawla, manukan
* (dialectal, colloquial) prison
    Synonym: bilangguan
* (obsolete) carving of wood to smooth it out
* Alternative form of takal

#### Derived terms

* itangkal
* magtangkal
* magtatangkal
* nakatangkal
* pagtangkalan
* pagtatangkal
* pagtatangkalin
* tangkalan
* tangkalin
* tumangkal

### Adjective

tangkál (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜅ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔)
* kept confined in a coop (of fowl)
    Synonym: nakatangkal

### Further reading

* “tangkal”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* “tangkal”, in Pinoy Dictionary, 2010–2025
# sindrom
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From English syndrome.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈsindrom/ [ˈsin.drom]
* Rhymes: -indrom
* Syllabification: sin‧drom

### Noun

sindrom (plural sindrom-sindrom)
* (pathology) syndrome

#### Derived terms

* sindrom Asperger
* sindrom Down
* sindrom Klinefelter
* sindrom Marfan
* sindrom Stockholm
* sindrom tiga X

### Further reading

* “sindrom” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From English syndrome.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsindrom/ [ˈsin.drom]
* Hyphenation: sin‧drom

### Noun

sindrom (Jawi spelling سيندروم, plural sindrom-sindrom, informal 1st possessive sindromku, 2nd possessive sindrommu, 3rd possessive sindromnya)
* (pathology) syndrome

#### Derived terms

* sindrom Asperger
* sindrom Down
* sindrom Klinefelter
* sindrom Marfan
* sindrom Stockholm
* sindrom tiga X

### Further reading

* “sindrom” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French syndrome.

### Noun

sindrom n (plural sindroame)
* syndrome

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sǐndroːm/

### Noun

sìndrōm m (Cyrillic spelling сѝндро̄м)
* syndrome
# langitngit
## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /laŋitˈŋit/ [lɐ.ŋɪt̪ˈŋit̪̚]
* Rhymes: -it
* Syllabification: la‧ngit‧ngit

### Noun

langitngít (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜅᜒᜆ᜔ᜅᜒᜆ᜔)
* shrill, creaking sound (as produced by rusty hinges)
    Synonyms: agitit, lagitlit
* Celastrus paniculatus (smooth woody wine with yellow fruit)

#### Derived terms

* langitngitan
* lumangitngit

#### See also

* langasngas
* langutngot
# systolic
## English
### Etymology

From systole +‎ -ic.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɒlɪk

### Adjective

systolic (not comparable)
* Pertaining to a systole or heart contraction
* (computing) Relating to a systolic array
    a systolic compiler
* (mathematics) Relating to the mathematical concept of a systole

#### Coordinate terms

* diastolic

#### Derived terms

* asystolic
* holosystolic
* nonsystolic
* pansystolic
* parasystolic
* postsystolic
* presystolic
* suprasystolic
* systolically
* systolic array
* systolic blood pressure

#### Translations
### Noun

systolic (plural systolics)
* (medicine, colloquial) Short for systolic blood pressure.

#### Coordinate terms

* diastolic

## Interlingua
### Adjective

systolic (not comparable)
* systolic
# Virgin Islands
## English
### Etymology

Named by Christopher Columbus after Saint Ursula and her virgin followers.

### Proper noun

the Virgin Islands
* An archipelago in the Caribbean Sea, comprising the British Virgin Islands and the United States Virgin Islands.

#### Synonyms

* VI, V.I., V. I. (abbreviations)

#### Derived terms

* British Virgin Islands
* Dutch Virgin Islands
* Puerto Rican Virgin Islands
* Spanish Virgin Islands
* United States Virgin Islands
* Virgin Islander
# goes balls up
## English
### Verb

goes balls up
* third-person singular simple present indicative of go balls up
# 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐍃
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ganōgaz.

### Adjective

𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐍃 • (ganōhs)
* abundant, plentiful, sufficient
** John 6:7:
    𐌰𐌽𐌷𐍉𐍆 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍀𐍀𐌿𐍃: 𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌴 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍉𐍃 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌸𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹 𐍈𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐌶𐌿𐌷 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌹𐌻.anhōf imma filippus: twaim hundam skattē hlaibōs ni ganōhai sind þaim þei nimai ƕarjizuh leitil.Philip answered him, Two hundred pennyworth of bread is not sufficient for them, that every one of them may take a little. (JKV)
** Luke 7:11:
    𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰, 𐌹𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌽𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌽𐌰𐌴𐌼; 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍃𐌹𐍀𐍉𐌽𐌾𐍉𐍃 𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿.jah warþ in þamma afardaga, iddja in baurg namnida naēm; jah mididdjēdun imma sipōnjōs is ganōhai jah manageins filu.And it came to pass the day after, that he went into a city called Nain; and many of his disciples went with him, and much people. (JKV)

#### Declension

A-stem, strong forms only :
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐍃 ganōhs | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰 ganōha | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷, 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌰 ganōh, ganōhata |
| Accusative | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌰 ganōhana | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰 ganōha | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷, 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐍄𐌰 ganōh, ganōhata |
| Genitive | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌹𐍃 ganōhis | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 ganōhaizōs | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌹𐍃 ganōhis |
| Dative | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 ganōhamma | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹 ganōhai | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 ganōhamma |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹 ganōhai | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐍉𐍃 ganōhōs | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰 ganōha |
| Accusative | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌽𐍃 ganōhans | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐍉𐍃 ganōhōs | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰 ganōha |
| Genitive | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 ganōhaizē | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 ganōhaizō | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 ganōhaizē |
| Dative | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼 ganōhaim | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼 ganōhaim | 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼 ganōhaim |

#### Derived terms

* 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌽 (ganōhnan)
* 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ganōhjan)

#### Related terms

* 𐌱𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽 (binauhan)
* 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰 (ganauha)
* 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽 (ganauhan)

### Further reading

* Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 46
# queror
## Ido
### Verb

queror
* future infinitive of querar

## Latin
### Etymology

Uncertain. Maybe from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwes- (“to puff, sigh”), in which case it is cognate with English quarrel, wheeze, Icelandic hvæsa (“to hiss”) and Sanskrit श्वसिति (śvasiti, “to puff”), Pashto ساه (sāh, “breath, blow, puff, soul, spirit, essence”), Baluchi ساہ (sáh, “breath, blow, essence”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈkʷe.ror/, [ˈkʷɛrɔr]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈkwe.ror/, [ˈkwɛːror]

### Verb

queror (present infinitive querī, perfect active questus sum); third conjugation, deponent
* to complain, lament, bewail
    Synonyms: conqueror, dēplōrō, lūgeō, ingemō, gemō, fremō, plōrō, plangō, fleō
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.677:“Quid prīmum dēserta querar?”“What shall I lament first, [now that I] have been forsaken?”
* to be indignant
    Synonyms: indignor, īrāscor, obīrāscor, furō, saeviō

#### Derived terms

* conqueror
* querēlla
* queribundus
* querimōnia
* queritor
* querulus
* questus

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “queror, -ī ‘to complain, protest’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 507

### Further reading

* “queror”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “queror”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* queror in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 631
# ethnolinguistic
## English
### Etymology

From ethno- +‎ linguistic.

### Adjective

ethnolinguistic (not comparable)
* Of or pertaining to ethnolinguistics.
** 1994, Joshua Fishman, “On the limits of ethnolinguistic democracy”, in Tove Skutnabb-Kangas, Robert Phillipson, editors, Linguistic Human Rights: Overcoming Linguistic Discrimination, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 50:The principle of ethnolinguistic democracy does not require that all languages be declared equally important and equally privileged in all functions...
* (anthropology) Associated with a particular ethnicity and a particular variety of language.
** 1989, John Holm, Pidgins and Creoles, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 398:Baker (1972) identified four varieties of Mauritian creole associated with different ethnolinguistic groups.

#### Derived terms

* ethnolinguistically

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
# granë
## Albanian
### Noun

granë f
* crimson; a deep, slightly bluish red.
    granë:

### See also

Colors in Albanian · ngjyra (layout · text) :
| bardhë | gri, hirtë | zi |
| kuqe; skuqem | portokalle; bojë kafe | verdhë; krem; lylc |
| | gjelbër; blertë | |
| cijan, kaltër | kaltër | blu |
| vjollcë; llullaq | magentë; purpurtë | rozë; trëndafil |

### References

* Mann, S. E. (1948) “granë”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 132
# ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ
## Manchu
### Etymology

Unknown.
According to official histories from the Qing dynasty, Nurhaci, a military leader of the Jurchens of Northeast China and founder of what became the Qing dynasty, named his tribe after Sanskrit मञ्जुश्री (mañjuśrī, “Manjushri”) as the Manchus. The name is from मञ्जु (mañju, “gentle”) + श्री (śrī, “glory”). Also compare Chinese 文殊 (Wénshū, “Manjushri”).
Some other theories exist; see 满族 on the Chinese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{zh}$

### Pronunciation

* (standard) IPA: [man.t͡ʃu]

### Noun

ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ • (manju) (plural ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᠰᠠ)
* (collective) Manchu, Manchus (people)
* Manchu (person)

#### Derived terms

* ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠨᡳᠶ᠋ᠠᠯᠮᠠ (manju niyalma)
* ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠨ ᡤᡡᠰᠠ (manju jakūn gūsa)
* ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ (manju gisun)
* ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ (manju hergen)
* ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ (manjurambi)
* ᡳᠴᡝ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ (ice manju)

#### Descendants

* → Chagatai: مَانْجُو
** Uyghur: مانجۇ (manju)
* → Chinese: 滿洲／满洲 (Mǎnzhōu), 滿珠／满珠 (Mǎnzhū)
* → Classical Mongolian: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ (manǰu)
** Mongolian: ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ (manǰu), манж (manž)
** → Tuvan: манчы (mançı)
* → Daur: manj
* → Solon: manji

### See also

* ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠᠰᡳᡵᡳ (manjusiri, “Manjushri”)
* ᠵᡠᡧᡝᠨ (jušen, “Jurchens”)

### References

* ↑ Agui (1988) 满洲源流考 (the Origin of Manchus)‎, Liaoning Nationality Publishing House, →ISBN
# nuech
## Occitan
### Alternative forms

* nuèch
* nuèit

### Noun

nuech f (plural nuechs) (Limousin)
* night

#### Derived terms

* taula de nuech

### Further reading

* Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 410.
# をそはる
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of をそはる – see the following entry. :
| 【教おそわる】 | [verb] to be taught |
(This term, をそはる (wosofaru), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# нафтовидобування
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From на́фта (náfta) +‎ -о- (-o-) +‎ видобува́ння (vydobuvánnja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nɐftɔʋedɔbʊˈʋanʲːɐ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

нафтовидобува́ння • (naftovydobuvánnja) n inan (genitive нафтовидобува́ння, uncountable)
* petroleum extraction, oil production
    Synonyms: нафтови́добуток m (naftovýdobutok), нафтодобува́ння n (naftodobuvánnja)

#### Related terms

* нафтовидобува́ч m (naftovydobuváč)
* нафтовидобувни́й (naftovydobuvnýj)
* нафтови́добуток m (naftovýdobutok)

### Further reading

* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2019), “нафтовидобування”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 10 (на́ступ – о́бміль), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* Busel, V. T. (2005) “нафтовидобування”, in Великий тлумачний словник сучасної української мови [Great Explanatory Dictionary of Modern Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), 2nd edition, Kyiv, Irpin: Perun, →ISBN, page 742
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “нафтовидобування”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “нафтовидобування”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# subgroup
## English
### Etymology

From sub- +‎ group.

### Pronunciation

IPA: /ˈsʌbˌɡɹuːp/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

subgroup (plural subgroups)
* A group within a larger group; a group whose members are some, but not all, of the members of a larger group.
** 1998, Robert A. Johnson, Prevalence of Substance Use Among Racial and Ethnic Subgroups in the United States, 1991-1993, Department of Health and Human Services, page B-11,
    Based on U.S. Bureau of the Census (1992c), other metropolitan areas that might be suitable for oversampling specific racial/ethnic subgroups include Miami (18% Cuban), New York City (7% Puerto Rican), Los Angeles (26% Mexican), and Honolulu (23% Japanese). Three techniques might be used to increase the yield of rare subgroup members within metropolitan areas where they are concentrated: 1) oversampling of areal segments containing high percentages of the subgroup, […] .
* (group theory) A subset H of a group G that is itself a group and has the same binary operation as G.
** 1990, Peter B. Kleidman, Martin W. Liebeck, The Subgroup Structure of the Finite Classical Groups, Cambridge University Press, page 1:Much of the information about a group can be gleaned from a study of its subgroups. For these reasons it is important to study the subgroup structure of the almost simple groups, and in particular their maximal subgroups.
** 1991, Gregori A. Margulis, Discrete Subgroups of Semisimple Lie Groups, Springer-Verlag, page 13:A subgroup H of an algebraic group G is called algebraic if H is an algebraic subvariety of G. Algebraic subgroups defined over k (as algebraic subvarieties) are called k-subgroups. An algebraic subgroup of an algebraic group is called k-closed or closed over k (resp. k-defined or defined over k) if it is k-closed (resp. k-defined) as an algebraic subvariety.
** 2012, Yorck Sommerhäuser, Yongchang Zhu, Hopf Algebras and Congruence Subgroups, American Mathematical Society, page 3:This is applied in Chapter 9 to prove the first congruence subgroup theorem, which asserts that g.z = z for all z in the center of the Drinfel'd double D(H) and all g in the principal congruence subgroup.

#### Synonyms

* (group within a group): subset

#### Derived terms

* Cartan subgroup
* commutator subgroup
* derived subgroup
* Fitting subgroup
* normal subgroup
* proper subgroup
* stabilizer subgroup
* stable subgroup
* subgroupiness
* subsubgroup
* torsion subgroup
* trivial subgroup

#### Translations
### Verb

subgroup (third-person singular simple present subgroups, present participle subgrouping, simple past and past participle subgrouped)
* To divide or classify into subgroups
# խանձարուր
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian խանձարուր (xanjarur)

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /χɑnd͡zɑˈɾuɾ/, [χɑnd͡zɑɾúɾ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /χɑnt͡sɑˈɾuɾ/, [χɑnt͡sʰɑɾúɾ]

### Noun

խանձարուր • (xanjarur)
* swaddling clothes
* diaper, nappy
* (figuratively) cradle; infancy

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

Since de Lagarde, considered a borrowing from Classical Syriac ܥܙܪܘܪܐ (ʿazrūrā).

### Noun

խանձարուր • (xanjarur)
* swaddling clothes
    պատել ի խանձարուրս ― patel i xanjarurs ― to swathe, to swaddle
    արձակել ի խանձարրոց ― arjakel i xanjarrocʻ ― to unswathe, to take out of swaddling clothes
* (figuratively) cradle; infancy
    ի խանձարրոց, անդաստին ի խանձարրոց ― i xanjarrocʻ, andastin i xanjarrocʻ ― from the cradle, from childhood, from infancy
    ուր խանձարուրք են նորա ― ur xanjarurkʻ en nora ― his birthplace
    խանձարուրք քաղաքակրթութեան ― xanjarurkʻ kʻałakʻakrtʻutʻean ― the cradle of civilization

#### Derived terms

* խանձարրապատ (xanjarrapat)
* խանձարրապատիմ (xanjarrapatim)
* խանձարրապատութիւն (xanjarrapatutʻiwn)
* խանձարրաւոր (xanjarrawor)
* խանձարրեմ (xanjarrem)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: խանձարուր (xanjarur)
* → Old Georgian: ანძრული (anʒruli)

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “խանձարուր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 331b
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “խանձարուր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 921a
* de Lagarde, Paul (1889) “Kleinigkeiten”, in Nachrichten von der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (in German), page 312
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 517
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1906) “Armeniaca”, in Indogermanische Forschungen (in German), volume 19, page 478
* J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “խանձարուր”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 316b
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “խանձարուր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 273b
# borsuk
## Hungarian
### Etymology

bors +‎ -uk (possessive suffix)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈborʃuk]
* Hyphenation: bor‧suk

### Noun

borsuk
* third-person plural single-possession possessive of bors

#### Declension
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ukrainian борсу́к (borsúk), from Ottoman Turkish بورصوق (borsuk), from Proto-Turkic *borsuk (“badger”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɔr.suk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔrsuk
* Syllabification: bor‧suk

### Noun

borsuk m animal (female equivalent borsuczyca)
* badger, especially any species belonging to the genus Meles
    Synonym: jaźwiec

#### Derived terms

* borsuczy

### References

* ↑ Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “borsuk”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna: “turecka nazwa zamiast rodzimej, p.jaźwiec, już w 16. w. w Wielkopolsce obiegająca; Ruś pisze je barsuk; tur. borsuk.”

### Further reading

* borsuk in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* borsuk in Polish dictionaries at PWN