# 食

| 食 | U+98DF, &#39135; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98DF |
| ← 飞 [U+98DE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 飠 → [U+98E0] |
| ⾷ | U+2FB7, &#12215; KANGXI RADICAL EAT |
| ← ⾶ [U+2FB6] | Kangxi Radicals | ⾸ → [U+2FB8] |
| ⻝ | U+2EDD, &#11997; CJK RADICAL EAT ONE |
| ← ⻜ [U+2EDC] | CJK Radicals Supplement | ⻞ → [U+2EDE] |

## Translingual
### Alternative forms

* (when used as a left Chinese radical) 𩙿飠／饣

### Han character

食 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人戈日女 (OIAV), four-corner 8073$_2$, composition ⿱人良(GJ) or ⿱亼艮(HKTV))
* Kangxi radical #184, ⾷.

#### Derived terms

* Appendix:Chinese radical/食
* 𠋡, 喰, 湌, 𪦿, 𣈮, 𬨷, 𮇯, 𮔣, 𨢁, 𨩭, 𩩶
* 𮖛, 𪞓, 䓹, 篒, 𩮍, 𧃊, 𠩸, 𫷸, 𤸤, 𫔨, 餐

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1415, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44014
* Dae Jaweon: page 1939, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4440, character 1
* Unihan data for U+98DF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 食 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Warring States | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 飤 | *ljɯɡs |
| 食 | *lɯɡs, *ɦljɯɡ |
| 蝕 | *ɦljɯɡ |
| 飾 | *hljɯɡ |
| 飭 | *l̥ʰɯɡ |
Pictogram (象形) : a mouth (亼) over a bowl of rice on a stand. While the current form is 亼+艮, the lower part (bowl of rice on a stand) is the pictogram 皀 and is similar but unrelated 良 or 艮. This is more visible in the form 𠊊.
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lɯɡs, *ɦljɯɡ) : phonetic 亼 (OC *zub) + semantic 皀; see 𠊊.

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s/g-ljak.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shí (shi$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): si$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): shí
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): shii̊q
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шы (šɨ, II)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sik$^6$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): seak$^8$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): set$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): siit$^7$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̍t
    (Hailu, HRS): shid$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sed$^6$ / sêd$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): seh$^5$
* Northern Min (KCR): sī
* Eastern Min (BUC): sĭk / siĕk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sih$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): si̍t / se̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sig$^8$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): xieg$^8$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): sik$^6$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^8$zeq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shr$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shí
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shíh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^2$
*** Yale: shŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyr
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: si$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: shí
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: shii̊q
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): shiiq$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩ʔ⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шы (šɨ, II)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sik$^6$
*** Yale: sihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪk̚²/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: seak$^8$
*** Sinological IPA : /sək̚²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: set$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /set̚³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: siit$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɨt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: siid
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨt̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shid$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃit²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: sed$^6$ / sêd$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sət̚⁵/, /sɛt̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: seh$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /səʔ⁵⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sī
*** Sinological IPA : /si⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭk / siĕk
*** Sinological IPA : /siʔ⁵/, /sieʔ⁵/
* sĭk - literary;
* siĕk - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit食 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ʂʐ̩³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ʂʐ̩⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ʂʐ̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ʃz̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ʂʐ̩⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ʂʐ̩¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /ʂʐ̩⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /sz̩²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /sz̩³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /sz̩²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /ʂʐ̩³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /ʂʐ̩ʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ʂəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /səʔ⁵⁴/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /ʂʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /səʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /zəʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /zəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /zəʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /zei²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕi²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ɕi¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /ʂʐ̩²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /sɨʔ²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /sət̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /ʃït̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /sek̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /sek̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /sik̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /sik̚⁵/ /t͡siaʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /siʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /si⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡siaʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /sek̚⁵/ /t͡sia³³/ |
* Middle Chinese: zyik
Rime :
| Character | 食 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 船 (27) |
| Final (韻) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 乗力切 |
| Baxter | zyik |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʑɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʑɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʑiek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʑik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʑiək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʑĭək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡ʑʰi̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə-lək/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 食 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zyik › |
| Old Chinese | /*mə-lək/ |
| English | eat |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 食 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 11477 |
| Phonetic component | 食 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*ɦljɯɡ/ |

#### Definitions

食
* (literary or Cantonese, Hakka) to eat; to have a meal; to take in
       shí zhī wúwèi, qì zhī kěxī [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)
       nei$^5$ sik$^6$ zo$^2$ faan$^6$ mei$^6$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping]
       Have you eaten yet?
       zung$^1$ gwok$^3$ jan$^4$ hai$^6$ zaa$^1$ faai$^3$ zi$^2$ sik$^6$ faan$^6$ ge$^3$. [Jyutping]
       Chinese people use chopsticks to eat with.
       soeng$^6$ sing$^1$ kei$^4$ jat$^6$ ngo$^5$ tung$^4$ di$^1$ pang$^4$ jau$^5$ jat$^1$ cai$^4$ sik$^6$ maan$^5$ faan$^6$. [Jyutping]
       Last Sunday, I ate dinner together with my friends.
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Wú cháng zhōngrì bù shí, zhōngyè bù qǐn, yǐ sī, wú yì, bùrú xué yě. [Pinyin]
    I have been the whole day without eating, and the whole night without sleeping; occupied with thinking. It was of no use. The better plan is to learn.
* (dialectal Cantonese, Hakka) to drink
    From: 《食酒歌》
    Sṳ̍t-chiú oi sṳ̍t chuk-ya̍p-chhiâng. [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]
    If you drink wine, you have to drink Zhuyeqing (three-year-old Shaoxing wine).
* (Cantonese, Hakka) to take in; to inhale; to smoke
    食煙／食烟 [Cantonese] ― sik$^6$ jin$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to smoke
    食大麻 [Cantonese] ― sik$^6$ daai$^6$ maa$^4$ [Jyutping] ― to smoke marijuana
* (Cantonese) to consume; to use up
    食電／食电 [Cantonese] ― sik$^6$ din$^6$ [Jyutping] ― to drain battery
* (Cantonese, figurative) to extract; to extort; to absorb; to swallow
    食錢／食钱 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― sik$^6$ cin$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― to swallow banknotes
* (Cantonese) to absorb; to get into; to enter; to be stuck inside
* (Cantonese, Hakka, board games) to capture
       waan$^{4-2}$ maang$^4$ kei$^{4-2}$ ge$^3$ si$^4$ hau$^6$, geoi$^1$ ho$^2$ ji$^5$ sik$^6$ maa$^5$, paau$^3$, si$^6$, zoeng$^6$, zeot$^1$. [Jyutping]
       When playing blind chess, a rook can capture knights, cannons, advisors, bishops or pawns.
* (Cantonese, mahjong) Short for 食糊 (“to win”).
* (Cantonese) to receive; to be affected by; to be on the receiving end
    硬食 [Cantonese] ― ngaang$^6$ sik$^6$ [Jyutping] ― to be forced to accept something
    食風／食风 [Cantonese] ― sik$^6$ fung$^1$ [Jyutping] ― being blown by wind
* (Cantonese) to hit on; to flirt
    食女 [Cantonese] ― sik$^6$ neoi$^{5-2}$ [Jyutping] ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* meal; food
* edible
    食鹽／食盐 ― shíyán ― table salt
* Alternative form of 蝕 / 蚀 (shí, “to eat away; to erode”)
* eclipse
    alt. forms: 蝕 / 蚀

##### Usage notes

* When playing mahjong in Cantonese, a player may say this word as a call when winning from another player's discard.

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 食$_1$ |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 吃, 𠯪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 吃 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 吃 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 吃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 吃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 吃, 𠯪 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 吃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 吃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 食$_1$, 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 食$_1$, 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Macau | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Wuchuan (Wuyang) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 吃, 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 食$_1$ |
| Gan | Nanchang | 吃 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 吃 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Xingning | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zijin | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Liannan | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Luhe | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Changting | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yudu | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Dayu | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Singapore (Meixian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 食$_1$ |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吃 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 吃 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 饁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 食$_3$, 捋 slang, 唵 childish |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 食$_3$, 煰, 捋 slang |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 食$_3$, 捋 slang, 唵 childish |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 食$_3$, 唵唵 childish |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 食$_3$ |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 食$_3$ |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 食$_3$ |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 饁 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 吃 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 吃 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 吃 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 吃 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 吃 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 吃 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 吃 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 吃 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吃 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 吃 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 吃 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 飲 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 喝 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 喝 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 喝, 吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 喝 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 喝 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 喝 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 吃, 喝 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 喝, 呵, 汩 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 吃, 喝, 汩 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 喝 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吃, 喝 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 吃, 喝 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 吃, 喝 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 喝 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 飲, 呷 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 飲, 呷 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 飲, 食$_1$, 呷 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 呷, 吃 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 飲, 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 飲 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 吃 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 吃 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 吃 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲, 啜 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 飲 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 食$_1$, 飲 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 飲 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Changting | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yudu | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 啉, 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 食$_1$, 飲, 啉 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 食$_1$ |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吃 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 喝 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 喝 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 啜, 饁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 啉, 食$_3$, 哈 alcohol, 啜 usually soup |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 啉, 食$_3$, 哈 alcohol, 啜 usually soup |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 啉, 食$_3$, 啜 usually soup |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 啉 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 啉, 哈, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 啉, 哈, 食$_3$, 灌 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 啉, 哈 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 食$_3$, 啜 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 飲 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 飲 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 飲, 吃, 呷 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃, 呷, 呼 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 吃 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 吃, 呷, 呼 |
| Wu | Danyang | 吃 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 吃 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 吃 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 吃 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 呷, 吃 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 吃, 呷 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吃 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 吃 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 吃, 呵 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吃 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 吃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 吃 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 吃 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 食$_3$ |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃 |

#### Compounds

* 一食萬錢 / 一食万钱
* 不甘食貧 / 不甘食贫
* 不食
* 丐食
* 不食之地
* 不食周粟 (bù shí Zhōu sù)
* 不食煙火 / 不食烟火
* 主食 (zhǔshí)
* 乞食 (qǐshí)
* 井渫不食
* 仰食 (yǎngshí)
* 伙食團
* 伙食費
* 伴食
* 伴食中書 / 伴食中书
* 伴食宰相
* 供食 (gōngshí)
* 侑食
* 侯服玉食
* 偏食 (piānshí)
* 偷食 (tōushí)
* 假食
* 停食
* 傷食 / 伤食 (shāngshí)
* 冇啖好食
* 冷食 (lěngshí)
* 列鼎而食
* 副食 (fùshí)
* 北食
* 半夜食黃瓜 / 半夜食黄瓜
* 卑宮菲食 / 卑宫菲食
* 即食麵 / 即食面 (jíshímiàn)
* 厭食 / 厌食 (yànshí)
* 厭食症 / 厌食症 (yànshízhèng)
* 口食
* 吃偏食 (chī piānshí)
* 吃獨食 / 吃独食 (chī dúshí)
* 吃白食 (chī báishí)
* 吃自來食 / 吃自来食
* 吒食
* 吞食 (tūnshí)
* 吸食 (xīshí)
* 呃鬼食豆腐
* 品食
* 唔熟唔食
* 哺食
* 啄食
* 啖食
* 啃食
* 喂偏食
* 單食性 / 单食性
* 嗟來之食 / 嗟来之食 (jiēláizhīshí)
* 嗟來食 / 嗟来食
* 因噎廢食 / 因噎废食 (yīnyēfèishí)
* 坐食 (zuòshí)
* 堂食 (tángshí)
* 夕食
* 夜食
* 大食 (dàshí)
* 天狗食月 (tiāngǒu shíyuè)
* 好食
* 媮食 / 偷食
* 存食
* 宵衣旰食 (xiāoyīgànshí)
* 家食
* 寄食 (jìshí)
* 寒食 (hánshí)
* 寢皮食肉 / 寝皮食肉
* 寢食 / 寝食 (qǐnshí)
* 寢食不安 / 寝食不安 (qǐnshíbù'ān)
* 寢食俱廢 / 寝食俱废
* 寢食難安 / 寝食难安 (qǐnshínán'ān)
* 將食 / 将食
* 對食 / 对食 (duìshí)
* 小食 (xiǎoshí)
* 少食多滋味
* 少食多餐
* 就食 (jiùshí)
* 尺板斗食
* 工食
* 巴蛇食象
* 布衣糲食 / 布衣粝食
* 布衣蔬食 (bùyīshūshí)
* 市食
* 幫狗吃食 / 帮狗吃食
* 幫虎吃食 / 帮虎吃食
* 并日而食
* 廢寢忘食 / 废寝忘食 (fèiqǐnwàngshí)
* 廢寢輟食 / 废寝辍食
* 廟食 / 庙食
* 廢食忘寢 / 废食忘寝
* 廩食 / 廪食 (lǐnshí)
* 弊衣疏食
* 忘寢廢食 / 忘寝废食
* 忘食 (wàngshí)
* 快食麵 / 快食面
* 惡衣惡食 / 恶衣恶食
* 惡衣糲食 / 恶衣粝食
* 惡衣菲食 / 恶衣菲食
* 惡衣蔬食 / 恶衣蔬食
* 惡食 / 恶食
* 打野食
* 打食
* 托葷鹹食 / 托荤咸食
* 找野食
* 挑食 (tiāoshí)
* 捕食 (bǔshí)
* 掠食者 (lüèshízhě)
* 推食解衣
* 揀衣挑食 / 拣衣挑食
* 揀飲擇食 / 拣饮择食
* 搖尾求食 / 摇尾求食
* 搵食 / 揾食
* 擊鐘鼎食 / 击钟鼎食
* 擇食 / 择食
* 攝食 / 摄食 (shèshí)
* 攫食
* 攻苦食淡
* 斗食
* 斷頭食 / 断头食
* 施食 (shīshí)
* 旅食
* 日食 (rìshí)
* 旰食
* 旰食之勞 / 旰食之劳
* 旰食宵衣
* 易子而食 (yìzǐ'érshí)
* 昃食宵衣
* 春盛食罍
* 晝食 / 昼食
* 晡食
* 晚食當肉 / 晚食当肉
* 暇食
* 暴食 (bàoshí)
* 暴飲暴食 / 暴饮暴食 (bàoyǐnbàoshí)
* 替狗奪食 / 替狗夺食
* 會食 / 会食
* 月全食 (yuèquánshí)
* 月盈則食 / 月盈则食
* 月食 (yuèshí)
* 服食 (fúshí)
* 朝趁暮食
* 朝食 (zhāoshí)
* 木食
* 果食
* 東食西宿 / 东食西宿
* 棲梧食竹 / 栖梧食竹
* 殺衣縮食 / 杀衣缩食
* 毛食
* 民患淡食
* 民食 (mínshí)
* 沒見食面 / 没见食面
* 流食 (liúshí)
* 浮頭食 / 浮头食
* 消食 (xiāoshí)
* 游手游食
* 游食之民
* 滅此朝食 / 灭此朝食 (miècǐzhāoshí)
* 漂母進食 / 漂母进食
* 濁酒粗食 / 浊酒粗食 (zhuójiǔ cūshí)
* 濾食 / 滤食
* 灌園食力 / 灌园食力
* 火食 (huǒshí)
* 為食 / 为食
* 煙火食 / 烟火食
* 蒸食
* 熟食 (shúshí)
* 燕子銜食 / 燕子衔食
* 犬彘之食
* 狗彘不食
* 狗食
* 狼卜食
* 獨食 / 独食
* 獵食 / 猎食 (lièshí)
* 率獸食人 / 率兽食人
* 玉食
* 玉食錦衣 / 玉食锦衣
* 甘食褕衣
* 甜食 (tiánshí)
* 生食 (shēngshí)
* 疏食 (shūshí)
* 疏食飲水 / 疏食饮水
* 發憤忘食 / 发愤忘食 (fāfènwàngshí)
* 發誓當食生菜 / 发誓当食生菜
* 白衣大食
* 白食 (báishí)
* 盛食厲兵 / 盛食厉兵
* 禁食 (jìnshí)
* 祿食 / 禄食
* 福食 (fúshí)
* 稍食
* 穀食 / 谷食 (gǔshí)
* 節衣縮食 / 节衣缩食 (jiéyīsuōshí)
* 節食 / 节食 (jiéshí)
* 節食縮衣 / 节食缩衣
* 粉食
* 粗衣劣食
* 粗衣惡食 / 粗衣恶食
* 粗衣糲食 / 粗衣粝食
* 粗食 (cūshí)
* 糖食 (tángshí)
* 糧食 / 粮食 (liángshí)
* 糲食粗衣 / 粝食粗衣
* 糲食粗餐 / 粝食粗餐
* 素食 (sùshí)
* 細食 / 细食
* 終食之間 / 终食之间
* 絕食 / 绝食 (juéshí)
* 縮衣節食 / 缩衣节食
* 繫而不食 / 系而不食
* 缺衣少食 (quēyīshǎoshí)
* 缺食無衣 / 缺食无衣
* 美衣玉食
* 美食 (měishí)
* 耳食 (ěrshí)
* 耳食之聞 / 耳食之闻
* 耳食之言
* 耳食之談 / 耳食之谈
* 膈食病
* 膳食 (shànshí)
* 臨食廢箸 / 临食废箸
* 自食其力 (zìshíqílì)
* 自食其果 (zìshíqíguǒ)
* 自食惡果 / 自食恶果
* 草衣木食
* 荐食
* 菲衣惡食 / 菲衣恶食
* 菲食卑宮 / 菲食卑宫
* 菲食薄衣
* 葷食 / 荤食
* 蔬食 (shūshí)
* 藥食同源 / 药食同源
* 藿食
* 虎頭食肉 / 虎头食肉
* 蠶食 / 蚕食 (cánshí)
* 蠶食鯨吞 / 蚕食鲸吞 (cánshíjīngtūn)
* 血食
* 行食
* 衛星食 / 卫星食
* 衣帛食肉
* 衣租食稅 / 衣租食税
* 衣豐食足 / 衣丰食足
* 衣豐食飽 / 衣丰食饱
* 衣錦食肉 / 衣锦食肉
* 衣食 (yīshí)
* 褕衣甘食
* 褐衣疏食
* 見噎廢食 / 见噎废食
* 覓衣求食 / 觅衣求食
* 覓食 / 觅食 (mìshí)
* 解衣推食
* 解驂推食 / 解骖推食
* 託食 / 托食
* 誓願當食生菜 / 誓愿当食生菜
* 謀食 / 谋食
* 識食 / 识食
* 豐衣足食 / 丰衣足食 (fēngyīzúshí)
* 貓兒食 / 猫儿食
* 貼食 / 贴食
* 賦食行水 / 赋食行水
* 賴衣求食 / 赖衣求食
* 足食豐衣 / 足食丰衣
* 足食足兵
* 輟食吐哺 / 辍食吐哺
* 辛苦搵來志在食 / 辛苦揾来志在食
* 退食
* 逐食
* 速食 (sùshí)
* 進食 / 进食 (jìnshí)
* 遊手遊食 / 游手游食
* 遊食 / 游食
* 遛食兒 / 遛食儿
* 酒食 (jiǔshí)
* 野食兒 / 野食儿
* 金衣玉食
* 錦衣玉食 / 锦衣玉食 (jǐnyīyùshí)
* 鐘鳴鼎食 / 钟鸣鼎食 (zhōngmíngdǐngshí)
* 鑿飲耕食 / 凿饮耕食
* 閑食 / 闲食
* 陳食 / 陈食
* 雞鶩爭食 / 鸡鹜争食
* 零食 (língshí)
* 靡衣偷食
* 靡衣玉食
* 順口食 / 顺口食
* 頭食 / 头食
* 食下晝 / 食下昼
* 食不下咽
* 食不二味
* 食不充口
* 食不充腸 / 食不充肠
* 食不充飢 / 食不充饥
* 食不兼味
* 食不念飽 / 食不念饱
* 食不暇飽 / 食不暇饱
* 食不果腹 (shíbùguǒfù)
* 食不求甘
* 食不求飽 / 食不求饱
* 食不甘味
* 食不異肉 / 食不异肉
* 食不知味
* 食不終味 / 食不终味
* 食不累味
* 食不遑味
* 食不重味
* 食不重肉
* 食不餬口 / 食不糊口
* 食人魚 / 食人鱼 (shírényú)
* 食人鯊 / 食人鲨
* 食人鯧 / 食人鲳 (shírénchāng)
* 食住上
* 食俸
* 食具 (shíjù)
* 食前方丈
* 食力 (shílì)
* 食古不化 (shígǔbùhuà)
* 食味方丈
* 食品 (shípǐn)
* 食單 / 食单 (shídān)
* 食器 (shíqì)
* 食土
* 食地
* 食堂 (shítáng)
* 食塞米
* 食壘 / 食垒
* 食夾棍 / 食夹棍
* 食字
* 食宜 (shíyí)
* 食客 (shíkè)
* 食宿 (shísù)
* 食少事煩 / 食少事烦
* 食屎屙飯 / 食屎屙饭
* 食廩餼 / 食廪饩
* 食忌 (shíjì)
* 食性
* 食慾 / 食欲 (shíyù)
* 食指 (shízhǐ)
* 食指大動 / 食指大动 (shízhǐdàdòng)
* 食指浩繁
* 食料 (shíliào)
* 食既
* 食日萬錢 / 食日万钱
* 食格棍
* 食次
* 食死貓 / 食死猫
* 食毛踐土 / 食毛践土
* 食氣 / 食气
* 食水
* 食油 (shíyóu)
* 食波餠
* 食洋不化
* 食火雞 / 食火鸡 (shíhuǒjī)
* 食無定時 / 食无定时
* 食無情雞 / 食无情鸡
* 食無求飽 / 食无求饱
* 食煙 / 食烟
* 食物 (shíwù)
* 食玉炊桂
* 食環署 / 食环署 (Shíhuánshǔ)
* 食用 (shíyòng)
* 食用根
* 食用色素 (shíyòng sèsù)
* 食療 / 食疗 (shíliáo)
* 食白果
* 食盒
* 食碗面反碗底
* 食租衣稅 / 食租衣税
* 食穀種 / 食谷种
* 食積 / 食积
* 食管 (shíguǎn)
* 食糖 (shítáng)
* 食糧 / 食粮 (shíliáng)
* 食罍
* 食老本
* 食而不化
* 食肉寢皮 / 食肉寝皮 (shíròuqǐnpí)
* 食腦 / 食脑
* 食膳
* 食自己
* 食色性也 (shísèxìngyě)
* 食茱萸
* 食螺絲 / 食螺丝
* 食蟲植物 / 食虫植物
* 食蟲虻 / 食虫虻
* 食蟻獸 / 食蚁兽 (shíyǐshòu)
* 食衣住行
* 食補 / 食补 (shíbǔ)
* 食言 (shíyán)
* 食譜 / 食谱 (shípǔ)
* 食豆腐
* 食貓麵 / 食猫面
* 食貨 / 食货
* 食貨志 / 食货志
* 食道 (shídào)
* 食過返尋味 / 食过返寻味
* 食邑 (shíyì)
* 食量 (shíliàng)
* 食面
* 食頃 / 食顷
* 食頭路 / 食头路 (sṳ̍t-thèu-lu)
* 食飯 / 食饭 (sik$^6$ faan$^6$) (Cantonese)
* 食髓知味
* 食鹽 / 食盐 (shíyán)
* 食墨
* 食齋 / 食斋
* 飢不擇食 / 饥不择食 (jībùzéshí)
* 飢虎撲食 / 饥虎扑食
* 飲冰食蘗 / 饮冰食蘗
* 飲水食菽 / 饮水食菽
* 飲食 / 饮食 (yǐnshí)
* 飯食 / 饭食 (fànshí)
* 飽食 / 饱食 (bǎoshí)
* 餐松食柏
* 餓虎撲食 / 饿虎扑食
* 餘食贅行 / 余食赘行
* 餵食 / 喂食 (wèishí)
* 饋食 / 馈食
* 馬食 / 马食
* 鬼食泥
* 鮮食 / 鲜食
* 鳥食 / 鸟食
* 鷇食 / 𬆮食
* 麵食 / 面食 (miànshí)
* 鼎食 (dǐngshí)
* 鼎食鳴鐘 / 鼎食鸣钟
* 齋居蔬食 / 斋居蔬食

### Etymology 2

The *s- causative of Etymology 1.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sì (si$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sê̤ṳ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sū
    (Teochew, Peng'im): se$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sì
*** Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^4$
*** Yale: sz̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
*** Palladius: сы (sy)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^6$
*** Yale: jih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː²²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sê̤ṳ
*** Sinological IPA : /søy²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū
*** Tâi-lô: sū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: su
*** IPA (Xiamen): /su²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: se$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sṳ̆
*** Sinological IPA : /sɯ³⁵/
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-m-lək-s/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 食 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zi$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-m-lək-s/ |
| English | feed (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||

#### Definitions

食
* Original form of 飼／饲 (sì, “to feed; to make ... eat or cause ... to eat”).
    From: Mozi, c. 4th century BCE
    Gù xiàozǐ bù yǐ sì qí qīn, zhōngchén bù yǐ sì qí jūn. [Pinyin]
    Thus a filial son will not feed it (the medicine) to his parent and a loyal minister will not feed it (the medicine) to his king.
    From: 【夢】李叔同
    Mǔ shí wǒ gān lào yǔ fěn'ěr xī, fù yī wǒ yǐ cǎi yī. [Pinyin]
    Mother feeds me sweet cream and powder, father dresses me in colorful clothes.

### Etymology 3

Kwok (2018) reconstructs Proto-Southern Min *tsiaʔ⁸ and tentatively reconstructs Proto-Min *dziak (in Norman's system).
While often considered as the vernacular counterpart to etymology 1, it is unlikely to be related to etymology 1 (Norman, 1991; Klöter, 2005; Fuehrer and Yang, 2014). Schuessler (2007) suggests it derives from 嚼 (“to chew”) (probably based on Norman's unpublished manuscripts).

#### Pronunciation

* Eastern Min (BUC): siăh$^{→siĕh}$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sia$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chia̍h / chiā / chǎ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziah$^8$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): jia$^6$
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siăh$^{→siĕh}$
*** Sinological IPA : /sieʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sia$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬia¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Penang, Singapore, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chia̍h
*** Tâi-lô: tsia̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciah
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Penang): /t͡siaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /t͡siaʔ⁴³/
*** IPA (Lukang): /t͡siaʔ³⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siaʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡siaʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /t͡siaʔ⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Sanxia, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiā
*** Tâi-lô: tsiā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cia
*** IPA (Yilan): /t͡sia³³/
** (Hokkien: Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǎ
*** Tâi-lô: tsǎ
*** IPA (Longyan): /t͡sa⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ziah$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsia̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siaʔ⁴/
** (Leizhou)
*** Leizhou Pinyin: jia$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sia³³/

#### Definitions

食
* (Coastal Min) to eat; to have a meal; to take in
    食飯／食饭 [Hokkien] ― chia̍h-pn̄g [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to eat rice; to have a meal
    汝食飽未？／汝食饱未？ [Hokkien] ― Lí chia̍h pá bōe? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Have you eaten yet?
* (Coastal Min) to drink
    食茶 [Teochew] ― ziah$^8$ tê$^5$ [Peng'im] ― to drink tea
    食燒酒／食烧酒 [Hokkien] ― chia̍h sio-chiú [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to drink rice wine
* (Coastal Min) to take in; to inhale; to smoke
    食薰 [Hokkien] ― chia̍h-hun [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to inhale smoke; to smoke
* (Southern Min) to embezzle; to misappropriate (money)
    食鐳／食镭 [Hokkien] ― chia̍h-lui [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to embezzle money
* (Eastern Min, Hokkien, Leizhou Min, board games) to capture
* (Southern Min) to consume; to use up
* (Hokkien) to suffer; to endure; to bear
* (Hokkien, mahjong) to chow
* (Hokkien, Leizhou Min) to dine at (a certain food establishment)
    食菜館／食菜馆 [Hokkien] ― chia̍h-chhài-koán [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to dine at a restaurant
* (Southern Min) to rely on; to depend on
* (Hokkien, Leizhou Min) to engage in; to undertake; to do (for a living)
* (Southern Min) to live; to grow up
* (Mainland China Hokkien) to pick on; to bully; to push around
* (Mainland China Hokkien) to make a decision; to resolve to
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to colour; to dye
* (Penang Hokkien, Teochew) cuisine
    Synonym: 菜 (cài)
    廣東食／广东食 [Teochew] ― geng$^2$ dang$^1$ ziah$^8$ [Peng'im] ― Guangdong food
    From: Catherine Churchman (2021) “Chapter 5: Native Lexical Innovation in Penang Hokkien: Thinking beyond Rojak”, in Sinophone Southeast Asia: Sinitic Voices across the Southern Seas‎, Brill, →DOI
    Âng-mô͘-chia̍h [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Western food
* (Leizhou Min) to be eaten away (by insects, etc.)

##### Usage notes

* When playing mahjong in Hokkien, a player may say this word as a call when forming a chowing another player's discard.

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 食$_1$ |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 吃, 𠯪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 吃 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 吃 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 吃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 吃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 吃, 𠯪 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 吃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 吃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 食$_1$, 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 食$_1$, 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Macau | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Wuchuan (Wuyang) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 吃, 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 食$_1$ |
| Gan | Nanchang | 吃 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 吃 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Xingning | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zijin | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Liannan | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Luhe | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Changting | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yudu | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Dayu | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Singapore (Meixian) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 食$_1$ |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吃 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 吃 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 饁 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 饁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 食$_3$, 捋 slang, 唵 childish |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 食$_3$, 煰, 捋 slang |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 食$_3$, 捋 slang, 唵 childish |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 食$_3$, 唵唵 childish |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 食$_3$ |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 食$_3$ |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 食$_3$ |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 饁 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 吃 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 吃 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 吃 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 吃 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 吃 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 吃 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 吃 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 吃 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吃 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 吃 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 吃 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 飲 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 喝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 喝 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 喝 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 喝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 喝, 吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 喝 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 喝 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 喝 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 吃, 喝 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 喝, 呵, 汩 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 吃, 喝, 汩 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 喝 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吃, 喝 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 吃, 喝 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 吃, 喝 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 喝 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 飲, 呷 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 飲, 呷 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 飲, 食$_1$, 呷 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 呷, 吃 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 飲, 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 飲 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 飲 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 吃 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 吃 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 吃 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲, 啜 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 飲 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 食$_1$, 飲 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 飲 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Changting | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Yudu | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 食$_1$, 啉, 飲 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 啉, 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 食$_1$, 飲, 啉 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 食$_1$ |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吃 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 喝 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 喝 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 啜, 饁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 食$_3$ |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 啉, 食$_3$, 哈 alcohol, 啜 usually soup |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 啉, 食$_3$, 哈 alcohol, 啜 usually soup |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 啉, 食$_3$, 啜 usually soup |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 啉 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 啉, 哈, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 啉, 哈, 食$_3$, 灌 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 啉, 哈 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 啉 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 食$_3$, 啉 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 啜, 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 食$_3$, 啜 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 飲 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 飲 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 飲, 吃, 呷 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃, 呷, 呼 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 吃 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 吃, 呷, 呼 |
| Wu | Danyang | 吃 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 吃 |
| Wu | Hangzhou (Yuhang) | 吃 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 吃 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 呷, 吃 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 吃, 呷 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吃 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 吃 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 吃, 呵 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吃 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 吃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 食$_1$ |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 吃 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 吃 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 食$_1$ |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng) | 食$_1$ |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 食$_3$ |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 食$_3$ |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 上 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 食$_3$ GT |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 食$_3$ |
| Wu | Ningbo | 吃 |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |

#### Compounds

* 歪喙雞食好米 / 歪喙鸡食好米 (oai chhùi ke chia̍h hó bí) (Min Nan)
* 歹食 (pháiⁿ-chia̍h) (Min Nan)
* 討食 / 讨食 (thó-chia̍h) (Min Nan)
* 趁食 (thàn-chia̍h) (Min Nan)
* 食好鬥相報 / 食好斗相报 (chia̍h hó tàu sio-pò) (Min Nan)
* 食暗 (chia̍h-àm) (Min Nan)
* 食老 (chia̍h-lāu) (Min Nan)
* 食頭路 / 食头路 (chia̍h-thâu-lō͘) (Min Nan)
* 食飽 / 食饱 (chia̍h-pá) (Min Nan)

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: ciak
* → Thai: เจี๊ยะ (jía)

### Etymology 4

From Proto-Min *jiap or *jiat (“to eat”). While sometimes considered as the vernacular counterpart to etymology 1, it may be from 饁 (*ɢrab, “to carry food to workers in the field”) (Norman, 1991; Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Northern Min (KCR): iè
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iè
*** Sinological IPA : /iɛ⁴²/

#### Definitions

食
* (Inland Min) Alternative form of 饁 / 馌 (“to eat”)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yì (yi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ji$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ī
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yì
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yì
*** Wade–Giles: i$^4$
*** Yale: yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^6$
*** Yale: yih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
*** Tâi-lô: ī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: i
*** IPA (Xiamen): /i²²/
* Middle Chinese: yiH
Rime :
| Character | 食 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 羊吏切 |
| Baxter | yiH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jɨ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ie$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /iə$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭə$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ji$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*lɯɡs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 食 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 11476 |
| Phonetic component | 食 |
| Rime group | 代 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 異 |
| Old Chinese | /*lɯɡs/ |

#### Definitions

食
* Used in an ancient personal name.
    酈食其／郦食其 ― Lì Yìjī ― Li Yiji (an advisor to Liu Bang)

### References

* “食”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Entry #5589”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 食 |
| Kyūjitai | 食󠄁 食+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 食󠄃 食+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)
* to eat
* a meal

#### Readings

From Middle Chinese 食 (MC zyik); compare Mandarin 食 (shí):
* Go-on: じき (jiki, Jōyō $^†$)
* Kan-on: しょく (shoku, Jōyō)
From Middle Chinese 食 (MC ziH); compare Mandarin 食 (sì):
* Go-on: じ (ji)
* Kan-on: し (shi)
From Middle Chinese 食 (MC yiH); compare Mandarin 食 (yì):
* Go-on: い (i)
* Kan-on: い (i)
From native Japanese roots:
* Kun: くう (kuu, 食う, Jōyō)、くらう (kurau, 食らう, Jōyō)、たべる (taberu, 食べる, Jōyō)、はむ (hamu, 食む)、すく (suku, 食く)、おし (oshi, 食し)、おす (osu, 食す)、たぐ (tagu, 食ぐ)、たぶ (tabu, 食ぶ)、いい (ī, 食)、うか (uka, 食)、うけ (uke, 食)、け (ke, 食)、し (shi, 食)、く (ku, 食)
* Nanori: あき (aki)、あきら (akira)、うけ (uke)、くら (kura)、け (ke)、みけ (mike)

#### Compounds

* 食(じき)堂(どう) (jikidō)
* 食(じき)封(ふ) (jikifu)
* 餌(え)食(じき) (ejiki)
* 断(だん)食(じき) (danjiki)
* 食(た)べ物(もの) (tabemono)
* 共(とも)食(ぐ)い (tomogui)
* 気(き)に食(く)わない (ki ni kuwanai)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 食
* うか Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
Unbound apophonic form 食 (uke).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɯ̟ka̠]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

#### Noun

食(うか) • (uka)
* food
* grain

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 食
* うけ Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
uka + i → uke$_2$ → uke. Bound apophonic form 食 (uka).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɯ̟ke̞]

#### Noun

食(うけ) • (uke)
* food

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 食
* け Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
Cognate with 笥 (ke).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ke̞]

#### Noun

食(け) • (ke)
* food
    御(み)食(け)つ国(くに)
       mi ke tsu kuni
       the land of foods

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 食
* しょく Grade: 2
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 食 (MC zyik).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょく [shòkú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕo̞kɯ̟]

#### Noun

食(しょく) • (shoku)
* a meal
* foodstuff

##### Derived terms

* 食(しょく)塩(えん) (shokuen)
* 食(しょく)事(じ) (shokuji)
* 食(しょく)餌(じ) (shokuji)
* 食(しょく)尽(じん) (shokujin)
* 食(しょく)卓(たく) (shokutaku)
* 食(しょく)道(どう) (shokudō)
* 食(しょく)堂(どう) (shokudō)
* 食(しょく)費(ひ) (shokuhi)
* 食(しょく)品(ひん) (shokuhin)
* 食(しょく)封(ほう) (shokuhō)
* 食(しょく)物(もつ) (shokumotsu)
* 食(しょく)欲(よく) (shokuyoku)
* 食(しょく)料(りょう) (shokuryō)
* 食(しょく)糧(りょう) (shokuryō)
* 飲(いん)食(しょく) (inshoku)
* 会(かい)食(しょく) (kaishoku)
* 軽(けい)食(しょく) (keishoku)
* 月(げっ)食(しょく) (gesshoku)
* 菜(さい)食(しょく) (saishoku)
* 蚕(さん)食(しょく) (sanshoku)
* 侵(しん)食(しょく) (shinshoku)
* 浸(しん)食(しょく) (shinshoku)
* 絶(ぜっ)食(しょく) (zesshoku)
* 朝(ちょう)食(しょく) (chōshoku)
* 昼(ちゅう)食(しょく) (chūshoku)
* 日(にっ)食(しょく) (nisshoku)
* 陪(ばい)食(しょく) (baishoku)
* 伴(ばん)食(しょく) (banshoku)
* 腐(ふ)食(しょく) (fushoku)
* 米(べい)食(しょく) (beishoku)
* 偏(へん)食(しょく) (henshoku)
* 飽(ほう)食(しょく) (hōshoku)
* 夜(や)食(しょく) (yashoku)
* 夕(ゆう)食(しょく) (yūshoku)
* 糧(りょう)食(しょく) (ryōshoku)
* 食(しょく)中(ちゅう)毒(どく) (shokuchūdoku)
* 衣(い)食(しょく)住(じゅう) (ishokujū)
* 皆(かい)既(き)食(しょく) (kaikishoku)
* 和食(わしょく) (washoku)
* 洋食(ようしょく) (yōshoku)

### Etymology 5

* Kanji in this term
* 食
* しょく Grade: 2
* kan'on
* Alternative spelling
* 蝕
From Middle Chinese 蝕 (MC zyik, “to eat away at, to erode; to eclipse”), originally the same word in Old Chinese as 食 (MC zyik, “to eat”).
First attested in the 延喜式 (Engishiki) of 927.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょく [shóꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɕo̞kɯ̟]

#### Noun

食(しょく) • (shoku)
* [from 927] 食, 蝕: (astronomy) eclipse (often, but not exclusively, of the sun or the moon)
    Synonyms: 日食 (nisshoku, “solar eclipse”), 月食 (gesshoku, “lunar eclipse”)
** 2015, 田原真人, これだけ! 高校物理 波･音･光 波動編, 秀和システム, →ISBN, page 97:
    レーマーが木(もく)星(せい)の衛(えい)星(せい)の１(ひと)つであるイオの食(しょく)の周(しゅう)期(き)を測(そく)定(てい)したところ、一(いっ)定(てい)ではなく、地(ち)球(きゅう)の公(こう)転(てん)に伴(ともな)い変(へん)動(どう)することがわかりました。
       Rēmā ga Mokusei no eisei no hitotsu de aru Io no shoku no shūki o sokutei shita tokoro, ittei de wa naku, Chikyū no kōten ni tomonai hendō suru koto ga wakarimashita.
       When Rømer measured the period of the eclipses of Io, one of Jupiter's satellites, he discovered that it was not constant but fluctuated with the Earth's revolution.

##### Derived terms

* 食(しょく)する (shokusuru)

### References

* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2332 (paper), page 1218 (digital)
* ↑ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1372 (paper), page 699 (digital)
* 1 2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ “蝕・食”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

## Korean
### Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 食 (MC zyik).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 씩〮 (Yale: ssík) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 식〯 (sǐk)$^訓$ (Yale: sǐk) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
* Recorded as Middle Korean 식 ( sik)$^訓$ (Yale: sik) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɕʰik̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [식]

#### Hanja

Wikisource 食 (eumhun 밥 식 (bap sik)) 食 (eumhun 먹을 식 (meogeul sik))
* Hanja form of 식 (“meal; food”).
* (literary) Hanja form of 식 (“to eat”).
** 1919, 기미 독립 선언서(己未獨立宣言書) (gimi dongnip seoneonseo) [Proclamation of Korean Independence]:丙子修好條規(병자수호조규) 以來(이래) 時時種種(시시종종)의 金石盟約(금석맹약)을 食(식)하얏다 하야 日本(일본)의 無信(무신)을 罪(죄)하려 안이 하노라.Byeongjasuhojogyu irae sisijongjong-ui geumseongmaeng-yageul sikhayatda haya Ilbonui musineul joeharyeo ani hanora.Though Japan has repeatedly "eaten" (violated) their promises since the Treaty of 1876, we do not here condemn their perfidy.

#### Compounds

* 식객 (食客, sikgaek)
* 식구 (食口, sikgu)
* 식권 (食券, sikgwon)
* 식기 (食器, sikgi)
* 식당 (食堂, sikdang)
* 식량 (食糧, singnyang)
* 식료 (食料, singnyo)
* 식사 (食事, siksa)
* 식욕 (食慾/食欲, sigyok)
* 식초 (食醋, sikcho)
* 식탁 (食卓, siktak)
* 식품 (食品, sikpum)
* 간식 (間食, gansik)
* 고식 (孤食, gosik)
* 곡식 (穀食, goksik)
* 단식 (斷食, dansik)
* 소식 (蔬食, sosik)
* 양식 (洋食, yangsik)
* 월식 (月食, wolsik)
* 음식 (飮食, eumsik)
* 일식 (日食, ilsik)
* 잠식 (蠶食, jamsik)
* 절식 (絶食, jeolsik)
* 주식 (主食, jusik)
* 중식 (中食, jungsik)
* 채식 (菜食, chaesik)
* 포식 (捕食, posik)
* 폭식 (暴食, poksik)
* 한식 (韓食, hansik)
* 식생활 (食生活, siksaenghwal)
* 식용유 (食用油, sigyong'yu)
* 식인종 (食人種, siginjong)
* 식중독 (食中毒, sikjungdok)
* 몰식자 (沒食子, molsikja)
* 약육강식 (弱肉強食, yagyukgangsik)

### Etymology 2

Related to Middle Chinese 飼 (MC ziH).
* Recorded as Middle Korean ᄊᆞᆼ〮 (Yale: ssó) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
* Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ (so)$^訓$ (Yale: so) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰa̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [사]

#### Hanja

食 (eumhun 먹이 사 (meogi sa))
* (literary) Hanja form of 사 (“feed”).

#### Compounds

* 사기 (食氣, sagi)
* 단사 (簞食, dansa)
* 소사 (疏食, sosa)
* 숙사 (宿食, suksa)
* 반소사 (飯疏食, bansosa)

### Etymology 3

From Middle Chinese 食 (MC yiH).
* Recorded as Middle Korean 잉〮 (Yale: í) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

#### Hanja

食 (eumhun 사람 이름 이 (saram ireum i))
* Hanja form of 이 (“used in personal names”).

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Kunigami
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: かむん (khamun, 食むん)

## Miyako
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ふぉー (foo, 食ー)

## Okinawan
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: かむん (kamun, 食むん)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

食: Hán Việt readings: thực (乘(thừa)力(lực)切(thiết)), tự
食: Nôm readings: thực, xực
* Chữ Hán form of thực (“food; meal”).

#### Compounds

* 食品 (thực phẩm)
* 飲食 (ẩm thực)
* 月食 (nguyệt thực)
* 日食 (nhật thực)

### References

* 1 2 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
* 1 2 Trần (2004).
* 1 2 Bonet (1899).
* ↑ Génibrel (1898).
* ↑ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

## Yaeyama
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ほーん (hoon, 食ーん)

## Yonaguni
### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

* Kun: ふん (fun, 食ん)