# շաղախ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Armenian շաղախ (šałax).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ʃɑˈʁɑχ/, [ʃɑʁɑ́χ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ʃɑˈʁɑχ/, [ʃɑʁɑ́χ]

### Noun

շաղախ • (šaġax)
* mortar (mixture used for bonding building blocks)
    Synonyms: տաղախ (taġax), (mixed with chaff) մոլ (mol)
    Hyponym: կրաշաղախ (krašaġax)
* (figuratively) anything that binds or fixes

#### Derived terms

* կրաշաղախ (krašaġax)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

The origin is uncertain. Has been compared to Middle Armenian շողախ (šoġax), շոխ (šox, “sticky substance used to close up a hole”), Old Armenian շաղեմ (šałem, “to moisten, to mix the mortar”), շաղ (šał, “dew”), տաղախ (tałax, “mortar”), Lithuanian švelnùs (“soft”), Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cut; to split, to separate”), Ancient Greek πηλός (pēlós), παλός (palós, “clay, earth, mud, mire”).

### Noun

շաղախ • (šałax)
* clay, mud, mortar
    Synonyms: ցիխ (cʻix), տաղախ (tałax)
** 5th century, Bible, Genesis 11.3:Եւ ասեն այր ցընկեր իւր․ Եկայք արկցուք աղիւս եւ թրծեսցուք զայն հրով։ Եւ եղեւ նոցա աղիւսն ի տեղի քարի, եւ կուպր ի տեղի շաղախոյ։Ew asen ayr cʻənker iwr; Ekaykʻ arkcʻukʻ ałiws ew tʻrcescʻukʻ zayn hrov. Ew ełew nocʻa ałiwsn i tełi kʻari, ew kupr i tełi šałaxoy.And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them throughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for morter.

#### Declension
### Adjective

շաղախ • (šałax)
* foul, dirty

### Derived terms

* ազգաշաղախ (azgašałax)
* անշաղախ (anšałax)
* արիւնաշաղախ (ariwnašałax)
* խառնաշաղախ (xaṙnašałax)
* կպրաշաղախ (kprašałax)
* կրաշաղախ (krašałax)
* շաղախաբեր (šałaxaber)
* շաղախանամ (šałaxanam)
* շաղախեմ (šałaxem)
* շաղախումն (šałaxumn)
* շաղախուտ (šałaxut)

### Descendants

* Armenian: շաղախ (šaġax)

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “շաղախ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 488ab
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “շաղախ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Höfler, Stefan (2016) “The Root √k̑u̯el ‘Dark, Black’”, in Iran and the Caucasus‎, volume 3, number 1, pages 24–26
* J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “շաղախ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 579a
* Lidén, Evald (1913) “Bidrag till armenisk ljud- och ordhistorian”, in Förhandlingar vid Svenska Filolog- och Historikermötet i Göteborg den 19–21 Augusti 1912‎ (in Swedish), Göteborg: Wald. Zachrissons, page 110 of 110–112, connecting with Old English hwelian, Lithuanian švelnùs as a native word
* Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 944
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “շաղախ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 629, accepting Lidén's etymology
* Schultheiss, Tassilo (1961) “Hethitisch und Armenisch”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen‎, number 77, page 221
* Simon, Zsolt (2013) “Die These der hethitisch-luwischen Lehnwörter im Armenischen: eine kritische Neubetrachtung”, in International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction‎ (in German), volume 10, number 2, page 111