# مهره
## Old Anatolian Turkish
### Etymology

From Persian مهره (mohra).

### Noun

مهره (mühre)
* bead or any sort of globule
* vertebra

#### Descendants

* Azerbaijani: möhrə
* Ottoman Turkish: مهره (mühre)
** Turkish: mühre

### References

* Pomorska, Marzanna (2013) Materials for a Historical Dictionary of New Persian Loanwords in Old Anatolian and Ottoman Turkish from the 13th to the 16th Century (Studia Turcologica Cracoviensia; 13)‎, Kraków: Jagiellonian University Press, →ISBN, page 164

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Old Anatolian Turkish مهره (mühre), from Persian مهره (mohra); cognate with Azerbaijani möhrə.

### Noun

مهره • (mühre)
* bead, any sort of globule made of stone or glass
    Synonyms: بونجق (boncuk), یوارلاق (yuvarlak), كره (küre)
* shell of a mollusk or particularly the smaller kind thereof
* grinding shell or stone or other polishing instrument like even a plane
    Synonyms: رنده (rende), پلانیه (planya) (plane)
* vertebra, any of the bony or cartilaginous segments which make up the backbone
    Synonyms: صرت كمیكی (sırt kemiğı), فقره (fıkra)
* articular head, the rounded bone of a joint
* draught, checker, a game piece used in the game of draughts

#### Derived terms

* دݣز مهره‌سی (deñiz mühresi, “cowrie”)
* مهره كمیكلری (mühre kemikleri, “vertebral column”)
* مهره‌سز (mühresiz, “unpolished”)
* مهره‌لتمك (mühreletmek, “to make or let be polished”)
* مهره‌لمك (mührelemek, “to polish, burnish”)
* مهره‌لو (mühreli, “polished”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: mühre

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “mühre1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3357
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “مهره”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 471a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “مهره”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, pages 1252b–1253a
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Planula”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1305
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “مهره”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 5054
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “mühre”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “مهره”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2045

## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (mwhlk' /⁠muhrag⁠/, “bead, vertebra, piece (in backgammon, etc.)”). Compare Parthian [script needed] (mwhrg /⁠muhrag⁠/). Equivalent to مهر (mohr, “seal”) +‎ ـه (-e). Note especially the meanings of a polished parchment or papyrus found in Arabic مُهْرَق (muhraq), apart from Old Armenian մուրհակ (murhak, “deed”), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic מוהרק (mūhraq, “writ”) and the many senses of Sanskrit मुद्रा f (mudrā, “seal”), from which the meanings of a bead or shell must be transferred. For comparison, one even derived, by way of an absurd literary meaning-guessing, the sense of a “mirror” for سَجَنْجَل (sajanjal, “glossy papyrus leaves”), the original meaning being a hapax against copious abuse. Akin to Mazanderani میرکا (mirkâ, “bead”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [muh.ˈɾa]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mo̞ɦ.ɾǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mo̞ɦ.ɾǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mʊ.ɾǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mu.ɾǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [moɦ.ɹé]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mɵh.ɾǽ]

### Noun

مهره • (mohre) (plural مهرگان (mohregân) or مهره‌ها (mohre-hâ))
* bead
* shell of a mollusk or particularly the smaller kind thereof
* vertebra
* (board games) piece
* grinding shell or stone or other polishing instrument
    Synonym: رنده (rande)

#### Derived terms

* مهره‌دار (mohre-dâr)

#### Related terms

* مهر (mohr)

#### Descendants

* → Old Anatolian Turkish: مهره (mühre)
** Azerbaijani: möhrə
** Ottoman Turkish: مهره (mühre)
*** Turkish: mühre

### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “مهره”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
* Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “مهره”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎ (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, pages 1241a–1242b