# erat
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay erat, from Proto-Malayic *ərət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həʀət, from Proto-Austronesian *SəʀəC (“to bind tightly; belt”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /əˈrat/ [əˈrat̪̚]
* Rhymes: -at
* Syllabification: e‧rat

### Adjective

êrat
* close, tight

#### Derived terms

* dieratkan
* dipererat
* erat-erat
* mempererat
* mengeratkan

### Further reading

* “erat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈe.rat/, [ˈɛrät̪]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈe.rat/, [ˈɛːrät̪]

### Verb

erat
* third-person singular imperfect active indicative of sum

#### Descendants

* Catalan: era
* Galician: era
* Italian: era
* Portuguese: era
* Spanish: era

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *ərət, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *həʀət, from Proto-Austronesian *SəʀəC (“to bind tightly; belt”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ərat/
* Rhymes: -rat, -at

### Adverb

erat (Jawi spelling ارت)
* tightly, firmly
    Mereka berpelukan erat-erat.They held each other tightly.

### Adjective

erat (Jawi spelling ارت)
* tight, firm
    Saya memegang erat tangan anak saya semasa kami melintasi jalan yang sibuk itu.I kept a firm hold of my daughter’s hand as we crossed the busy street.
    Dia berasa selamat dalam pelukannya yang erat.She felt safe in his firm embrace.

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* pengerat [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* pengeratan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
* keeratan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
* mengerat [agent focus] (meN-)
* mengeratkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* dierat [patient focus] (di-)
* dieratkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
* mempererat [causative agent focus] (mempeR-)
* dipererat [causative passive focus] (dipeR-)
* erat-erat [reduplication] (redup)

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: erat

### Further reading

* “erat” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Swedish
### Pronoun

erat n
* (informal) neuter singular of eran

#### Usage notes

Common in speech.

#### Declension

| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | Possessive | Possessive |
| Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | common | neuter | plural |
| singular | first | — | jag | mig, mej$^3$ | min | mitt | mina |
| singular | second | — | du | dig, dej$^3$ | din | ditt | dina |
| singular | third | masculine (person) | han | honom, han$^2$, en$^5$ | hans | hans | hans |
| singular | third | feminine (person) | hon | henne, na$^5$ | hennes | hennes | hennes |
| singular | third | gender-neutral (person)$^1$ | hen | hen, henom$^7$ | hens | hens | hens |
| singular | third | common (noun) | den | den | dess | dess | dess |
| singular | third | neuter (noun) | det | det | dess | dess | dess |
| singular | third | indefinite | man or en$^4$ | en | ens | ens | ens |
| singular | third | reflexive | — | sig, sej$^3$ | sin | sitt | sina |
| plural | first | — | vi | oss | vår, våran$^2$ | vårt, vårat$^2$ | våra |
| plural | second | — | ni | er | er, eran$^2$, ers$^6$ | ert, erat$^2$ | era |
| plural | second | archaic | I | eder | eder, eders$^6$ | edert | edra |
| plural | third | — | de, dom$^3$ | dem, dom$^3$ | deras | deras | deras |
| plural | third | reflexive | — | sig, sej$^3$ | sin | sitt | sina |

### Anagrams

* aret, reat, reta, trea

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish [Term?], equivalent to er (“soldier”) +‎ -at

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eˈɾɑt/, [e̞ˈɾ̞ɑt̪]
* Rhymes: -ɑt
* Hyphenation: e‧rat

### Noun

erat (definite accusative eratı, uncountable)
* (military) collective name given to soldiers
* (obsolete) nominative plural of er

### References

* “erat”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “erat”, in Nişanyan Sözlük