# haruspex
## English
### Alternative forms

* aruspex, haruspice

### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin haruspex.

### Noun

haruspex (plural haruspices)
* A soothsayer or priest in Ancient Rome (originally Etruscan) who practiced haruspicy, divination by inspecting entrails.
** 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:If it be lawfull for Panæcius to maintaine his judgement about Aruspices, Dreames, Oracles and Prophecies […]: Wherfore shall not a wise-man dare that in all things, which this man dareth in such as he hath learned of his Masters?
** 2013, Angus Deaton, The Great Escape: Health, Wealth, and the Origins of Inequality:All of this is nonsense, but so are all attempts to look at a few successes and a few failures and make fatuous generalizations based on coincidence. Etruscan and Roman haruspices did the same thing with the entrails of chickens.

#### Translations
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *haruspeks, equivalent to haru- (“intestines”) +‎ *spex. The first component is related to hīra; the second is from the root of speciō (“to observe, watch”). Compare Faliscan 𐌇𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌔𐌐(𐌄𐌗) (harisp(ex)).
According to Nocentini the first part stems from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerH- (“intestine”) (thus *ǵʰr̥H-u- > *xaru-), whence also Latin hariolus, hernia (“hernia”).
Cognate to Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ), Proto-Germanic *garnō (“intestines”) (whence German Garn) and to Lithuanian žarnà (“intestine”). The component -spex can also be found in the word auspex.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /haˈrus.peks/, [häˈrʊs̠pɛks̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /aˈrus.peks/, [äˈruspeks]

### Noun

haruspex m (genitive haruspicis); third declension
* diviner who reads from the intestines of sacrificial animals; one who practices haruspicy.

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.

#### Coordinate terms

* augur, auspex

#### Derived terms

* haruspica
* haruspicālis
* haruspicīnus
* haruspicium

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: harúspex
* → English: haruspex
* → Finnish: haruspeksi
* → German: Haruspex
* → Italian: aruspice
* → Portuguese: arúspice
* → Sicilian: arùspici
* → Spanish: arúspice

### References

* “haruspex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “haruspex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* haruspex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “haruspex”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “haruspex, -icis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 280
* ↑ “aruspice” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN
* ↑ “aruspice” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN

## Slovak
### Etymology

Derived from Latin haruspex.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦaruspeks]

### Noun

haruspex m pers
* haruspex

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “haruspex”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025