# παύω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Disputed. Some sources trace the word back to Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“few, little”), in which case it would be cognate with Old Armenian հաւ (haw, “beginning”), Latin paucus, Old English fēaw (English few), but Beekes leaves the etymology open, saying that there are no certain cognates outside Greek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pǎu̯.ɔː/ → /ˈpa.βo/ → /ˈpa.vo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pǎu̯.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpa.wo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpa.βo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpa.vo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpa.vo/

### Verb

παύω • (paúō)
* (active voice) to make cease
** (with accusative) to bring to an end, check
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.314
*** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 963
*** 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 330
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.274
*** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 397
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.17
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.52
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.295
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.103
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.359
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.8
*** (mostly of things) to make an end of, stop, abate
**** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Isthmian Ode 8.13
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 19.67
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.282
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 24.543
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.451
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.528
**** 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 197
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.279
**** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 575
**** 458 BCE, Euripides, Electra 1242
**** 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 571
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 8.6.7
**** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Leptines 70
**** 155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Collected Works 69.9
**** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.91
** (with accusative of person, genitive of object) to make to rest, stop, hinder, keep back from
*** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 798
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.15
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.137
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.595
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.801
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.250
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 15.342
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.492
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.191
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.294
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.298
*** 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 1259
*** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 185D
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 784C
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 1.2.5
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.123
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 8.6.3
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 6.2.13
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.65
*** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 987
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Constitution of Sparta 3.1
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.35
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.191
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.432
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.467
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.683
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 24.384
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.540
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.7
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.812
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.100
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.74
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.124
*** 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 1211
*** 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, On the Property of Aristophanes 6
*** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 11
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.56
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.66
*** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 1531
*** 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 46
*** 458 BCE, Euripides, Electra 1108
** (rarely with genitive only) to make an end of
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.35
** (with present participle) to stop a person from doing or being
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.506
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.23
*** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 1295
*** 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 717
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.502
*** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 615
*** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1047
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.133
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.400
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.267
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.228
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.168
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.135
** (rarely with the infinitive) to stop
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.442
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.67
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.54
*** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 250
*** 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 634
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.53
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 416C
* (middle voice, passive voice) to stop, cease
* (intransitive, in imperative) cease, leave off
** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, The Shield of Heracles 449
** 400 BCE – 300 BCE, Ephippus of Athens, Collected Works 5.20
** 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Images 2
** 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Demeter 351
** 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 1275
** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 1208
** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 122
** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 269
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedrus 228E
** 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 1504
** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 1194
** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 580
** 421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 326
** 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 864
** 342 BCE – 290 BCE, Menander, The Girl from Samos 96
** 428 BCE, Euripides, Hippolytus 706
** Comica Adespota 601
** 450 BCE – 350 BCE, Plato Comicus, Collected Works 224
** Theopompus Comicus, Collected Works 62
** Philetaerus Comicus, Collected Works 6
** 362 BCE – 262 BCE, Philemon, Collected Works 213.1
** 342 BCE – 290 BCE, Menander, The Changeling 3

#### Derived terms

* ἀναπαύω (anapaúō)
* ἐπαναπαύω (epanapaúō)
* καταπαύω (katapaúō)
* παῦλᾰ (paûlă)
* παῦσῐς (paûsĭs)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “παύω, -ομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1159

### Further reading

* “παύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “παύω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “παύω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* παύω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* παύω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “παύω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* παύω in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
* G3973 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

## Greek
### Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek παύω (paúō).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpa.vo/
* Hyphenation: παύ‧ω

### Verb

παύω • (pávo) (past έπαψα/έπαυσα, passive παύομαι)
* to stop, cease
    έπαψα να πηγαίνω ― épapsa na pigaíno ― I stopped going
* to pause
* to depose, relieve of duties
    Ο πρωθυπουργός έπαυσε τον υπουργό.O prothypourgós épafse ton ypourgó.The prime minister removed the minister.

#### Related terms

* ακατάπαυστος (akatápafstos, “unceasing”)
* αναπαύω (anapávo, “rest, relax”) & related
* άπαυστος (ápafstos, “unceasing”)
* άπαυτος (ápaftos, “unceasing”)
* επαναπαύω (epanapávo)
* καταπαύω (katapávo, “cease”)
* παύση f (páfsi, “pause; ceasing”) & compounds
* παυσίλυπος (pafsílypos, “ending sorrow”)
* παυσίπονο n (pafsípono, “painkiller”)