# ἐράω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology 1

Uhlenbeck and others consider it cognate with Sanskrit रमते (rámate, “to calm down; to enjoy; to have sex with”), Lithuanian rimti (“calm down”), Gothic 𐍂𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 (rimis, “tranquility”), which all come from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rém-e-ti with *h₁rem- (“to rest”). Beekes simply states “No etymology” and tentatively suggests a Pre-Greek origin.
The original stem is ἐρᾰσ- (erăs-), as shown by ἐραστός (erastós), ἐραννός (erannós), ἐράσμιος (erásmios, “lovely”) and ἐραστής (erastḗs, “lover”).

#### Alternative forms

* ἔρᾰμαι (érămai) — in poetry
* ἐρέω (eréō) — Ionic

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /e.rá.ɔː/ → /eˈra.o/ → /eˈra.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /e.rá.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /eˈra.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /eˈra.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /eˈra.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /eˈra.o/

#### Verb

ἐρᾰ́ω • (erắō)
* (construed with the genitive of person or with a cognate accusative) to love (with sexual passion), to be in love with
* (without sexual reference) to love warmly (opposed to φιλέω)
* (construed with the genitive of thing or with an infinitive) to love or desire passionately (to do something, when construed with an infinitive)

##### Usage notes

* In the active voice, this verb only occurs in the present and imperfect tenses; for all other tenses in the active voice, forms of ἔραμαι (éramai) are supplied.

##### Derived terms

* ᾰ̓ντερᾰ́ω (ănterắō)
* ἐρᾰννός (erănnós)
* ἐρᾰ́σμος (erắsmos)
* ἐρᾰστής (erăstḗs)
* ἐρᾰτός (erătós)
* ἐρωμένη (erōménē)
* ἐρώμενος (erṓmenos)
* ἐρῶν (erôn)
* ἔρως (érōs)

#### References

* ↑ Uhlenbeck, C. C. (1898–1899) “rámate”, in Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch der altindischen Sprache (in German), Amsterdam: Johannes Müller, page 245
* 1 2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἔραμαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 449

#### Further reading

* “ἐράω (A)”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

### Etymology 2

Uncertain. Possibly denominative from *ἔρα (*éra, “earth”) (as in ἔραζε (éraze), Doric Greek ἔρασδε (érasde, “on the ground”)). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /e.rǎː.ɔː/ → /eˈra.o/ → /eˈra.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /e.rǎː.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /eˈra.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /eˈra.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /eˈra.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /eˈra.o/

#### Verb

ἐρᾱ́ω • (erā́ō)
* (usually in compounds) to pour forth, to vomit
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1599
** 5th century CE, Hesychius Alexandreus, Συναγωγὴ Πασῶν Λέξεων κατὰ Στοιχεῖον

##### Synonyms

* κενόω (kenóō)

##### Derived terms

* ᾰ̓περᾱ́ω (ăperā́ō)
* ἐξερᾱ́ω (exerā́ō)
* κᾰτεξερᾱ́ω (kătexerā́ō)
* κᾰτερᾱ́ω (kăterā́ō)
* μετερᾱ́ω (meterā́ō)
* σῠνερᾱ́ω (sŭnerā́ō)

#### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀπεράω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 115

#### Further reading

* “ἐράω (B)”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press