# 黄金
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 黄金 – see 黃金 (“gold; money; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 黃金).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 黄 | 金 |
| おう Grade: 2 | こん > ごん Grade: 1 |
| goon ||
* Alternative spelling
* 黃金 (kyūjitai)
/wau komʉ/ → /wauɡomʉ/ → /wauɡon/ → /wɔːɡoɴ/ → /oːɡoɴ/
From Middle Chinese 黃金 (MC hwang kim, “yellow + metal”).
Compare modern Cantonese wong$^4$ gam$^1$.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おーごん [òógóń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [o̞ːɡõ̞ɴ]

#### Noun

黄(おう)金(ごん) • (ōgon)
* gold (Au) as a metal
* gold as a colour
    Synonyms: 黄金色 (kogane iro), 金色 (konjiki, kin’iro)
* money, more specifically the large 大判 (ōban) gold coins formerly used in Japan

##### Usage notes

This ōgon reading is the more-common Chinese derived-reading or 音読み (on’yomi) for this term.

##### Derived terms

* 黄(おう)金(ごん)樹(じゅ) (ōgonju)
* 黄(おう)金(ごん)週(しゅう)間(かん) (Ōgon Shūkan)
* 黄(おう)金(ごん)比(ひ) (ōgonhi)
* 黄(おう)金(ごん)分(ぶん)割(かつ) (ōgon bunkatsu)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 黄 | 金 |
| こう Grade: 2 | きん Grade: 1 |
| kan'on ||
* Alternative spelling
* 黃金 (kyūjitai)
/kʷau kimʉ/ → /kʷaukin/ → /kʷɔːkiɴ/ → /koːkiɴ/
From Middle Chinese 黃金 (MC hwang kim, “yellow + metal”).
Compare modern Min Nan reading hông-kim.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こーきん [kòókíń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞ːkʲĩɴ]

#### Noun

黄(こう)金(きん) • (kōkin)
* (obsolete) money
* (obsolete) gold (Au) as a metal
* (obsolete) gold as a colour

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 黄 | 金 |
| こ Grade: 2 | かね > がね Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spellings
* 黃金 (kyūjitai) 金
Shift from Old Japanese 黃金 (kugane).
Equivalent to a compound of 黄 (ko, combining form of ki, “yellow(-coloured)”) +‎ 金 (kane, “metal”). The kane changes to gane as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こがね [kògáné] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞ɡa̠ne̞]

#### Noun

黄(こ)金(がね) • (kogane)
* gold (Au) as a metal
* money, more specifically the large 大判 (ōban) gold coins formerly used in Japan
* Short for 黄金色 (kogane iro): gold as a colour
    Synonym: 金色 (kin’iro, konjiki)
* Short for 黄金の泥 (kogane no dei): powdered gold suspended in a base and used as paint
    Synonym: 金泥 (kondei)

##### Usage notes

This kogane reading is the more-common 訓読み (kun’yomi) or native Japanese reading for this term.

##### Derived terms

* 黄金(コガネ)苺(イチゴ) (kogane ichigo)
* 黄金(コガネ)鰈(ガレイ) (koganegarei)
* 黄金(コガネ)蜘蛛(グモ) (koganegumo)
* 黄金(こがね)崎(ざき) (Koganezaki)
* 黄金(こがね)心(しん)中(じゅう) (kogane shinjū)
* 黄金(コガネ)花(バナ) (koganebana)
* 黄金(こがね)牡(ぼ)丹(たん) (kogane botan)
* 黄金(コガネ)虫(ムシ) (koganemushi)
* 黄金(こがね)目(め)貫(ぬき) (kogane menuki)

### Etymology 4

Kanji in this term :
| 黄 | 金 |
| き Grade: 2 | かね > がね Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 黃金 (kyūjitai)
Compound of 黄 (ki, “yellow(-coloured)”) +‎ 金 (kane, “metal”).
The kane changes to gane as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きがね [kìgáné] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲiɡa̠ne̞]

#### Noun

黄(き)金(がね) • (kigane)
* (rare) gold (Au) as a metal
* (rare) money, often referring more specifically to the large 大判 (ōban) or smaller 小判 (koban) gold coins formerly used in Japan

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ “黄金”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN