# 霄

| 霄 | U+9704, &#38660; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9704 |
| ← 霃 [U+9703] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 霅 → [U+9705] |

## Translingual
### Han character

霄 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+7, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一月火月 (MBFB), four-corner 1022$_7$, composition ⿱雨肖)

#### Derived characters

* 𥍕

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1374, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42290
* Dae Jaweon: page 1883, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4064, character 2
* Unihan data for U+9704

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 霄 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 梢 | *sreːw |
| 捎 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 筲 | *sreːw |
| 鞘 | *sreːw, *slewɢs |
| 艄 | *sreːw |
| 蛸 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 髾 | *sreːw |
| 輎 | *sreːw |
| 旓 | *sreːw |
| 弰 | *sreːw |
| 鮹 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 綃 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 颵 | *sreːw |
| 莦 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 娋 | *sreːw, *sreːws |
| 稍 | *sreːws |
| 哨 | *sreːws, *sʰews, *sew |
| 揱 | *sreːwɢs, *slew, *sreːwɢ |
| 潲 | *sreːws |
| 睄 | *sreːws |
| 悄 | *sʰewʔ |
| 俏 | *sʰews |
| 峭 | *sʰews |
| 陗 | *sʰews |
| 帩 | *sʰews |
| 誚 | *zews |
| 消 | *sew |
| 宵 | *sew |
| 霄 | *sew |
| 硝 | *sew |
| 銷 | *sew |
| 逍 | *sew |
| 魈 | *sew |
| 痟 | *slew |
| 焇 | *sew |
| 肖 | *slew, *slews |
| 韒 | *slewɢs |
| 趙 | *l'ewʔ |
| 箾 | *seːw, *sleːw |
| 踃 | *seːw |
| 削 | *slewɢ |
| 矟 | *sreːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sew) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): siu$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sêu
* Eastern Min (BUC): siĕu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieo$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siau / sio
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siao
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^1$
*** Yale: syāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
*** Palladius: сяо (sjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: siu$^1$
*** Yale: sīu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: siu$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xiu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːu̯⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sêu
*** Hakka Romanization System: seu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: seu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /seu̯²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siĕu
*** Sinological IPA : /sieu⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬieu⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau / sio
*** Tâi-lô: siau / sio
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siaw, sioy
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siau⁴⁴/, /sio⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³/, /sio³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau⁴⁴/, /sio⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siau⁴⁴/, /sio⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau⁴⁴/, /siɤ⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: sjew
Rime :
| Character | 霄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 相邀切 |
| Baxter | sjew |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /siᴇu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siɛu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sjæu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /siaw/ |
| Li Rong | /siɛu/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭɛu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯ɛu/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiāo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | siu$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ew/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sew/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 霄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiāo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sjew › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]ew/ |
| English | sleet |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 霄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13741 |
| Phonetic component | 肖 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 宵 |
| Old Chinese | /*sew/ |

### Definitions

霄
* sky; heaven
* clouds; mist
* sleet
* Alternative form of 宵 (“night”)
* Alternative form of 消 (xiāo, “to dissolve”)
* a surname

### Compounds

* 丹霄
* 九重霄
* 九霄 (jiǔxiāo)
* 九霄雲外 / 九霄云外 (jiǔxiāoyúnwài)
* 凌霄 (língxiāo)
* 凌霄殿
* 凌霄花 (língxiāohuā)
* 天霄
* 氣凌霄漢 / 气凌霄汉
* 氣沖霄漢 / 气冲霄汉
* 氣踰霄漢 / 气逾霄汉
* 沖霄 / 冲霄
* 沖霄漢外 / 冲霄汉外
* 目視雲霄 / 目视云霄
* 碧霄
* 義氣干霄 / 义气干霄
* 聳壑昂霄 / 耸壑昂霄
* 聲徹雲霄 / 声彻云霄
* 迥隔霄壤
* 重霄 (chóngxiāo)
* 陵霄
* 雲霄 / 云霄 (yúnxiāo)
* 雲霄飛車 / 云霄飞车 (yúnxiāo fēichē)
* 霄壤
* 霄壤之別 / 霄壤之别
* 霄壤之殊
* 霄漢 / 霄汉 (xiāohàn)
* 靈霄寶殿 / 灵霄宝殿 (Língxiāobǎodiàn)
* 青霄
* 響徹雲霄 / 响彻云霄 (xiǎngchèyúnxiāo)
* 高入雲霄 / 高入云霄
* 魄散九霄

### Further reading

* “霄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)
* Kun: そら (sora, 霄)

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰo̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [소]

### Hanja

Wikisource 霄 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

霄: Hán Nôm readings: tiêu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.