# 開開
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kāikāi
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄞ ㄎㄞ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khui--khui
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kāikāi → kāikai (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄞ ㄎㄞ → ㄎㄞ ˙ㄎㄞ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kaikåi
*** Wade–Giles: kʻai$^1$-kʻai$^5$
*** Yale: kāi-kai
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kai.kai
*** Palladius: кайкай (kajkaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵/ → /kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ kʰaɪ̯²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khui--khui
*** Tâi-lô: khui--khui

#### Verb

開⫽開 (verb-complement)
* (Southern Min, colloquial Mandarin) to open (books (Southern Min), drawers, parcels, doors, etc)
    把電閘開開／把电闸开开 ― bǎ diànzhá kāi kai ― to turn on the switch on the circuit breaker
    窗戶開不開了。／窗户开不开了。 ― Chuānghu kāi bù kāi le. ― The window became unable to be opened.
    From: 1944, Lao She, Four Generations Under One Roof, chapter 2
    Yù bìyào de shíhòu, tāmen bìxū zài ménkǒu mǎi diǎn zhēnxiàn huò qīngcài shénme de, yě zhǐ bǎ mén kāi kāi yī diǎn fèngzi, fǎngfú pà zǒulòu le mén zhōng shénme mìmì shìde. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

##### Synonyms

* 打開／打开 (dǎkāi)

### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khui-khui
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khui-khui
*** Tâi-lô: khui-khui
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qui'quy
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² kʰui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰui³³ kʰui³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰui⁴⁴⁻²² kʰui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰui⁴⁴/

#### Adjective

開開
* (Southern Min) open

### Pronunciation 3

* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$khe-khe
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$khe-khe
*** MiniDict: khe$^平$ khe
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$khe-khe
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰe⁵⁵ kʰe²¹/

#### Adverb

開開
* (Wu, dated) just; just now; a moment ago

##### Synonyms

* 今仔 (Hokkien)
* 剛剛 / 刚刚 (gānggāng)
* 剛才 / 刚才 (gāngcái)
* 方才 (fāngcái)
* 暫 / 暂 (zàn) (literary)
* 站仔 (Hokkien)
* 適才 / 适才 (shìcái)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 剛才, 方才, 適才, 剛剛, 剛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 剛才, 才剛, 將才 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 剛才, 剛剛, 剛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 才剛兒, 頭先, 頭前兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 剛才 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 剛才, 剛剛, 剛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 剛才, 剛剛的 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 剛打剛兒, 剛剛兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 才剛, 才剛剛兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 剛剛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 剛才 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 才才 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 才剛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 剛才, 才剛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 剛才, 剛剛, 剛, 剛頭兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 才剛, 剛才, 剛剛, 剛, 先頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 才剛, 剛才, 才一路, 才路, 一路 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 頭先, 啱先 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 剛才, 才剛, 剛剛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 剛才, 才剛, 剛剛, 剛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 剛才 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 頭先, 求先, 啱先, 啱啱, 先頭, 正話, 疇先 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 頭先, 求先, 啱先, 啱啱, 先頭, 正話 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 正就 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 頭先, 啱啱, 啱先, 正話 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 剛啱, 舊家 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 舊先 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 啱青 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 頭先, 正話 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 蚊蚊, 啱先, 啱啱 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 頭先 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 頭先, 啱先 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 啱先 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 啱啱, 正話 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 頭先, 啱啱 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 剛腳, 一腳 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 剛腳 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 頭先, 啱先, 啱啱 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 先頭, 頭先 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 正先 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 正先 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 早先 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 頭先 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 正先 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 啱啱 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 早回 |
| Hakka | Changting | 頭先 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 頭間 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 正 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 當頭 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 正 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 剛正哩 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 頭先, 頭下 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 頭先 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 啱 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 啱先 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 正先 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 剛才, 剛剛, 剛之 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 剛才, 剛剛 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 頃先, 頃, 頃頃 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 頭先, 頭先早, 連眼, 連刻, 矢文 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 拄 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 頭站仔, 拄 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 頭先, 拄仔, 拄拄, 拄拄仔, 拄才, 拄仔才, 頭拄仔, 前拄仔, 盡拄仔, 拄 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 拄才 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 拄才 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 拄才 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 拄拄仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 拄仔才 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 頭陣仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 頭拄仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 拄仔 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 拄才 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 麻汝, 耽仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 麻汝, 頭先, 頭早 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 站仔, 頭站仔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 頭陣, 同早, 同旰 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 剛才 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 同早, 同旰, 頭先, 同陣, 頭陣, 自早 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 同旰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 麻汝, 頭先, 同早 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 當奉囝 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 頭先, 開頭, 啱啱, 啱先 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 啱先, 頭先, 幾早, 頭幾早 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 剛剛, 剛, 剛正, 開開 dated, 客客 dated, 方才 dated |
| Wu | Suzhou | 剛剛, 剛剛頭, 剛巧 |
| Wu | Danyang | 剛才, 剛剛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 剛剛 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 剛剛 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 頭前, 頭先, 頭兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 剛才, 才剛, 嚴剛 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 剛剛 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 當好, 才當 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 剛才 |

### References

* “Entry #9215”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
* “Entry #9216”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.