# dingen
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɪŋə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: din‧gen
* Rhymes: -ɪŋən

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch dingen (“to convene, to plead”), from Old Dutch *thingon, from Proto-West Germanic *þingōn, from Proto-Germanic *þingōną. The verb was originally weak, but became strong by analogy with other verbs.

#### Verb

dingen
* (transitive) to solicit

##### Derived terms

* afdingen
* bedingen
* meedingen

##### Related terms

* geding

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

dingen
* plural of ding

## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German dingen, from Old High German dingōn, from Proto-West Germanic *þingōn (“to hold a meeting”), from Proto-Germanic *þingōną.
Originally a weak verb, which developed secondary strong forms; a process that seems to have begun in the Middle Low German cognate. Compare Dutch dingen (strong).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɪŋən/, [ˈdɪŋən], [ˈdɪŋŋ̩]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

dingen (weak or class 3 strong, third-person singular present dingt, past tense dingte or (rare) dang, past participle gedungen or gedingt, past subjunctive dänge or dingte, auxiliary haben)
* (literary) to hire for a crime
* (archaic) to hire (in general)

#### Usage notes

* The most common form is the past participle gedungen, chiefly as an adjective. For example: ein gedungener Mörder (“a hired murderer”).

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare. $^2$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* ausbedingen

### Further reading

* “dingen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “dingen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “dingen” in Duden online
* “dingen” in OpenThesaurus.de

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch *thingon, from Proto-West Germanic *þingōn. Equivalent to dinc +‎ -en.

### Verb

dingen
* to hold a trial in court
* to try, to judge
* to plead for
* to strive
* to speak formally
* to chatter, to talk back and forth

#### Descendants

* Dutch: dingen
* Limburgish: dinge

### Further reading

* “dinghen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “dingen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* ding, dyngen

### Etymology

From Old English *dingan, from Proto-West Germanic *dingwan, from Proto-Germanic *dingwaną.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdinɡən/, [ˈdiŋɡən]

### Verb

dingen
* To violently hit, strike or attack someone.
* To ding; to strike or hit an object.
* To attain victory over someone or something.
* To run; to travel at a fast speed.

#### Usage notes

This verb is occasionally weak in Middle English.

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | (to) dingen, dinge | (to) dingen, dinge |
| | present tense | past tense |
| 1st-person singular | dinge | dang |
| 2nd-person singular | dingest | donge, dange, dang |
| 3rd-person singular | dingeth | dang |
| subjunctive singular | dinge | donge$^1$, dange$^1$ |
| imperative singular | dinge | — |
| plural$^2$ | dingen, dinge | dongen, donge, dangen, dange |
| imperative plural | dingeth, dinge | — |
| participles | dingynge, dingende | dongen, donge |
$^1$Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English. $^2$Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

#### Descendants

* English: ding
* Scots: ding

#### References

* “dingen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-10-22.