# patronal
## English
### Etymology

From Latin patronalis; compare French patronal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pəˈtɹəʊnəl/

### Adjective

patronal (comparative more patronal, superlative most patronal)
* patron; protecting; favouring
** 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:Lest the name thereof being discovered unto their enemies, their penates and patronal god might be called forth by charms and incantations.
** 2013, Michael Bhaskar, The Content Machine:Nor has the state lost its patronal role, with ministries of culture and publicly funded arts bodies sustaining the cultural economy.
* Pertaining to a strong authoritarian leader who controls access to resources.
** 1988, Dietrich Denecke, Gareth Shaw, Alan R H Baker, Urban Historical Geography: Recent Progress in Britain and Germany, →ISBN:Aristocratic involvement in the development of towns and cities in nineteenth-entury Britain has long been recognised, but much less attention has been paid to the character of the patronal relationships which existed between aristocratic urban landlords and their tenantry.
** 2012, Zeba A. Crook, Reconceptualising Conversion, →ISBN:Manumission loyalty also offers us insights into how ancient conversion might look in a context of patronage and benefaction, for slaves did not change patrons when they attained their freedom, but rather underwent a considerable change within the patronal relationship.
** 2015, Henry E. Hale, Patronal Politics, →ISBN, page 455:In considering how the preceding analysis relates to the rest of the world, one can think of the post-Soviet countries as providing something like a pristine context in which to study the fundamental characteristics of patronal politics.

## Catalan
### Etymology

From Latin patrōnālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [pə.tɾuˈnal]
* IPA: (Balearic) [pə.tɾoˈnal]
* IPA: (Valencia) [pa.tɾoˈnal]

### Adjective

patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronals)
* patronal
* (relational) patron saint
    festa patronal ― saint's day
* (relational) owner, employer, management
    organització patronal ― employers' organization

#### Derived terms

* tancament patronal

### Noun

patronal f (plural patronals)
* employers' organization

### Further reading

* “patronal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

## French
### Etymology

From patron +‎ -al. Compare Italian patronale.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

patronal (feminine patronale, masculine plural patronaux, feminine plural patronales)
* (relational) saint
* (relational) employer's

### Further reading

* “patronal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /pa.tɾoˈnaw/ [pa.tɾoˈnaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /pɐ.tɾuˈnal/ [pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /pɐ.tɾuˈnal/ [pɐ.tɾuˈnaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /pɐ.tɾuˈna.li/
* Rhymes: -al, -aw
* Hyphenation: pa‧tro‧nal

### Adjective

patronal m or f (plural patronais, not comparable)
* (relational) employer

#### Derived terms

* entidade patronal

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French patronal. By surface analysis, patron +‎ -al.

### Adjective

patronal m or n (feminine singular patronală, masculine plural patronali, feminine and neuter plural patronale)
* patronal
* relating to an employer

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

From patrono +‎ -al or patrón +‎ -al.

### Adjective

patronal m or f (masculine and feminine plural patronales)
* (relational) patron saint
* patronal
* (relational) owner of a house where someone is a guest
* (relational) employer
* (relational) management
* (nautical, relational) skipper

#### Derived terms

* cierre patronal

### Noun

patronal f (plural patronales)
* management
* employers

### Further reading

* “patronal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10