# vala
## Fanagalo
### Etymology

From Zulu -vala, from Proto-Bantu *-dùgada.

### Verb

vala
* to close, to shut

## Finnish
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *vala, from Proto-Uralic *wala. Related to Lule Sami vuolle, Erzya вал (val, “word”) and Nganasan бәлы (bəlɨ).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋɑlɑ/, [ˈʋɑ̝lɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑlɑ
* Hyphenation: va‧la

#### Noun

vala
* oath
** 19th century, (Julius Krohn?), “Vala”, in "Sotilaspoika", editor, Suomen sotilaan lauluja, 4th edition, Porvoo: Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö, published 1933:Kuullos pyhä vala kallis Suomen maa; Sinuun koskea ei väkivalta saa! Sua suojelemme, verin varjelemme, Ollos huoleton, Poikas valveill’ on.Hear now our sacred oath, dear Finland Never shall violence touch thee! We will defend thee, guard with our blood, So be free of worry, thy sons are awake.

##### Declension

Possessive forms of vala (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
valani
valani
accusative
nom.
valani
valani
gen.
valani
genitive
valani
valojeni valaini $^{rare}$
partitive
valaani
valojani
inessive
valassani
valoissani
elative
valastani
valoistani
illative
valaani
valoihini
adessive
valallani
valoillani
ablative
valaltani
valoiltani
allative
valalleni
valoilleni
essive
valanani
valoinani
translative
valakseni
valoikseni
abessive
valattani
valoittani
instructive
comitative
—valoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
valasi
valasi
accusative
nom.
valasi
valasi
gen.
valasi
genitive
valasi
valojesi valaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
valaasi
valojasi
inessive
valassasi
valoissasi
elative
valastasi
valoistasi
illative
valaasi
valoihisi
adessive
valallasi
valoillasi
ablative
valaltasi
valoiltasi
allative
valallesi
valoillesi
essive
valanasi
valoinasi
translative
valaksesi
valoiksesi
abessive
valattasi
valoittasi
instructive
comitative
—valoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
valamme
valamme
accusative
nom.
valamme
valamme
gen.
valamme
genitive
valamme
valojemme valaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
valaamme
valojamme
inessive
valassamme
valoissamme
elative
valastamme
valoistamme
illative
valaamme
valoihimme
adessive
valallamme
valoillamme
ablative
valaltamme
valoiltamme
allative
valallemme
valoillemme
essive
valanamme
valoinamme
translative
valaksemme
valoiksemme
abessive
valattamme
valoittamme
instructive
comitative
—valoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
valanne
valanne
accusative
nom.
valanne
valanne
gen.
valanne
genitive
valanne
valojenne valainne $^{rare}$
partitive
valaanne
valojanne
inessive
valassanne
valoissanne
elative
valastanne
valoistanne
illative
valaanne
valoihinne
adessive
valallanne
valoillanne
ablative
valaltanne
valoiltanne
allative
valallenne
valoillenne
essive
valananne
valoinanne
translative
valaksenne
valoiksenne
abessive
valattanne
valoittanne
instructive
comitative
—valoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
valansa
valansa
accusative
nom.
valansa
valansa
gen.
valansa
genitive
valansa
valojensa valainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
valaansa
valojaan valojansa
inessive
valassaan valassansa
valoissaan valoissansa
elative
valastaan valastansa
valoistaan valoistansa
illative
valaansa
valoihinsa
adessive
valallaan valallansa
valoillaan valoillansa
ablative
valaltaan valaltansa
valoiltaan valoiltansa
allative
valalleen valallensa
valoilleen valoillensa
essive
valanaan valanansa
valoinaan valoinansa
translative
valakseen valaksensa
valoikseen valoiksensa
abessive
valattaan valattansa
valoittaan valoittansa
instructive
comitative
—valoineen valoinensa :

##### Derived terms

* ilmaisuvala
* ilmoitusvala
* kuuliaisuudenvala
* lippuvala
* lääkärinvala
* olympiavala
* papinvala
* sotilasvala
* todistajanvala
* tuomarinvala
* uskollisuudenvala
* valaehtoinen
* valaliitto
* valallinen
* valamiehistö
* valamies
* valan­ottaja
* valanottaja
* valanrikkoja
* valantehnyt
* valanteko
* valan­teko­tilaisuus
* valanvannoja
* valan­vannoja
* valanvannonta
* valapatto
* vale
* verivala
* virkavala
* väärä vala

#### See also

* vannoa

#### References

* ↑ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “vala”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎ (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01

#### Further reading

* “vala”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋɑlɑˣ/, [ˈʋɑ̝lɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑlɑ
* Hyphenation: va‧la

#### Verb

vala
* inflection of valaa:
** present active indicative connegative
** second-person singular present imperative
** second-person singular present active imperative connegative

### Anagrams

* lava

## Galician
### Verb

vala
* inflection of valar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Hungarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɒlɒ]
* Hyphenation: va‧la

### Verb

vala
* Archaic third-person singular indicative past form of van (“to be”). For the full paradigm, see the usage template.
    Synonym: (modern form) volt
** 1844, Sándor Petőfi, János vitéz (John the Valiant) chapter 4, stanza 1, translated by John Ridland:
    Mikorra a patak vize tükörré lett, / Melybe ezer csillag ragyogása nézett: / Jancsi Iluskáék kertje alatt vala; / Maga sem tudta, hogy mikép jutott oda.When the brook made a looking glass of its water, / In whose surface a thousand stars were a-glitter, / Johnny was standing at the foot of Nell's yard; / Though to tell how he'd come to it would have been hard. (literally: “… Johnny was at…”)

#### Conjugation

* valék, valál, vala, valánk, valátok, valának

### See also

* vala-

## Ingrian
### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈʋɑlɑ/, [ˈʋɑɫɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈʋɑlɑ/, [ˈʋɑɫɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑlɑ
* Hyphenation: va‧la

### Verb

vala
* inflection of vallaa:
** present indicative connegative
** second-person singular imperative
** second-person singular imperative connegative

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 636

## Northern Kurdish
### Alternative forms

* vale

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɑː

### Adjective

vala
* empty

## Northern Ndebele
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dùgada.

### Verb

-vala
* (transitive) to close, to shut
    Antonym: -vula

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

vala n pl
* definite plural of val

## Phuthi
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dùgada.

### Verb

-vala
* to shut, to close

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin valla.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈva.lɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈva.lɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈva.la/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈva.lɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈva.lɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈba.lɐ/
* Rhymes: -alɐ
* Homophone: bala (Northern Portugal)
* Hyphenation: va‧la

### Noun

vala f (plural valas)
* ditch, trench

### References

* ↑ “vala”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* ↑ “vala”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* vàlāh
* vàlāj

### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish والله (vallâhi), from Arabic وَاللّٰه (wa-llāh).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋǎlaː/
* Hyphenation: va‧la

### Adverb

vàlā (Cyrillic spelling ва̀ла̄)
* (regional, Bosnia) truthfully, honestly

### Interjection

vàlā (Cyrillic spelling ва̀ла̄)
* (regional, Bosnia) by God!, begad, egad, by golly

## Swazi
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dùgada.

### Verb

-vala
* to close, to shut

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Tongan
### Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *lawa₃ (“loincloth, skirt”) (compare with Samoan lava-lava) related to Proto-Polynesian *lawa₂ (compare with Maori whakarawa (“to fasten”), Hawaiian lawa (“to bind”), Tongan lalava (“to braid with a sinnet, to wrap”)) from Proto-Oceanic *lawaq₂ (“spider”) (compare with Fijian lawalawa (“cobweb”)) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lawaq (“spider”) (compare with Malay labah-labah and lelabah, Tagalog alalawa) Doublet of lavalava and lalava.

### Noun

vala
* clothes in general
* loincloth

### References

* ↑ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “lawa3”, in POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online
* ↑ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “lawa2”, in POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online

## Venda
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dùgada.

### Verb

vala
* to close, to shut
    Antonym: vula

## Xhosa
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dùgada.

### Verb

-vala
* (transitive) to close, to shut
    Antonym: -vula

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Yami
### Etymology

Compare Malay merah (“red”).

### Noun

vala
* red

## Zou
### Etymology

From va (“bird”) +‎ la (“feather”).

### Noun

vala
* quail

### References

* Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 66

## Zulu
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dùgada.

### Verb

-vala
* (transitive) to close, to shut
    Antonym: -vula

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukuvala |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuvala | ukungavali |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | vala | -vale |
| Plural | valani | -valeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyavala, ngivala | engivalayo, engivala | ngivala | angivali | engingavali | ngingavali |
| 2nd singular | uyavala, uvala | ovalayo, ovala | uvala | awuvali | ongavali | ungavali |
| 1st plural | siyavala, sivala | esivalayo, esivala | sivala | asivali | esingavali | singavali |
| 2nd plural | niyavala, nivala | enivalayo, enivala | nivala | anivali | eningavali | ningavali |
| Class 1 | uyavala, uvala | ovalayo, ovala | evala | akavali | ongavali | engavali |
| Class 2 | bayavala, bavala | abavalayo, abavala | bevala | abavali | abangavali | bengavali |
| Class 3 | uyavala, uvala | ovalayo, ovala | uvala | awuvali | ongavali | ungavali |
| Class 4 | iyavala, ivala | evalayo, evala | ivala | ayivali | engavali | ingavali |
| Class 5 | liyavala, livala | elivalayo, elivala | livala | alivali | elingavali | lingavali |
| Class 6 | ayavala, avala | avalayo, avala | evala | awavali | angavali | engavali |
| Class 7 | siyavala, sivala | esivalayo, esivala | sivala | asivali | esingavali | singavali |
| Class 8 | ziyavala, zivala | ezivalayo, ezivala | zivala | azivali | ezingavali | zingavali |
| Class 9 | iyavala, ivala | evalayo, evala | ivala | ayivali | engavali | ingavali |
| Class 10 | ziyavala, zivala | ezivalayo, ezivala | zivala | azivali | ezingavali | zingavali |
| Class 11 | luyavala, luvala | oluvalayo, oluvala | luvala | aluvali | olungavali | lungavali |
| Class 14 | buyavala, buvala | obuvalayo, obuvala | buvala | abuvali | obungavali | bungavali |
| Class 15 | kuyavala, kuvala | okuvalayo, okuvala | kuvala | akuvali | okungavali | kungavali |
| Class 17 | kuyavala, kuvala | okuvalayo, okuvala | kuvala | akuvali | okungavali | kungavali |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngivalile, ngivalē | engivalile, engivalē | ngivalile, ngivalē | angivalanga | engingavalanga | ngingavalanga |
| 2nd singular | uvalile, uvalē | ovalile, ovalē | uvalile, uvalē | awuvalanga | ongavalanga | ungavalanga |
| 1st plural | sivalile, sivalē | esivalile, esivalē | sivalile, sivalē | asivalanga | esingavalanga | singavalanga |
| 2nd plural | nivalile, nivalē | enivalile, enivalē | nivalile, nivalē | anivalanga | eningavalanga | ningavalanga |
| Class 1 | uvalile, uvalē | ovalile, ovalē | evalile, evalē | akavalanga | ongavalanga | engavalanga |
| Class 2 | bavalile, bavalē | abavalile, abavalē | bevalile, bevalē | abavalanga | abangavalanga | bengavalanga |
| Class 3 | uvalile, uvalē | ovalile, ovalē | uvalile, uvalē | awuvalanga | ongavalanga | ungavalanga |
| Class 4 | ivalile, ivalē | evalile, evalē | ivalile, ivalē | ayivalanga | engavalanga | ingavalanga |
| Class 5 | livalile, livalē | elivalile, elivalē | livalile, livalē | alivalanga | elingavalanga | lingavalanga |
| Class 6 | avalile, avalē | avalile, avalē | evalile, evalē | awavalanga | angavalanga | engavalanga |
| Class 7 | sivalile, sivalē | esivalile, esivalē | sivalile, sivalē | asivalanga | esingavalanga | singavalanga |
| Class 8 | zivalile, zivalē | ezivalile, ezivalē | zivalile, zivalē | azivalanga | ezingavalanga | zingavalanga |
| Class 9 | ivalile, ivalē | evalile, evalē | ivalile, ivalē | ayivalanga | engavalanga | ingavalanga |
| Class 10 | zivalile, zivalē | ezivalile, ezivalē | zivalile, zivalē | azivalanga | ezingavalanga | zingavalanga |
| Class 11 | luvalile, luvalē | oluvalile, oluvalē | luvalile, luvalē | aluvalanga | olungavalanga | lungavalanga |
| Class 14 | buvalile, buvalē | obuvalile, obuvalē | buvalile, buvalē | abuvalanga | obungavalanga | bungavalanga |
| Class 15 | kuvalile, kuvalē | okuvalile, okuvalē | kuvalile, kuvalē | akuvalanga | okungavalanga | kungavalanga |
| Class 17 | kuvalile, kuvalē | okuvalile, okuvalē | kuvalile, kuvalē | akuvalanga | okungavalanga | kungavalanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāvala | engāvala | ngāvala | angivalanga | engingavalanga | ngingavalanga |
| 2nd singular | wāvala | owāvala | wāvala | awuvalanga | ongavalanga | ungavalanga |
| 1st plural | sāvala | esāvala | sāvala | asivalanga | esingavalanga | singavalanga |
| 2nd plural | nāvala | enāvala | nāvala | anivalanga | eningavalanga | ningavalanga |
| Class 1 | wāvala | owāvala | āvala | akavalanga | ongavalanga | engavalanga |
| Class 2 | bāvala | abāvala | bāvala | abavalanga | abangavalanga | bengavalanga |
| Class 3 | wāvala | owāvala | wāvala | awuvalanga | ongavalanga | ungavalanga |
| Class 4 | yāvala | eyāvala | yāvala | ayivalanga | engavalanga | ingavalanga |
| Class 5 | lāvala | elāvala | lāvala | alivalanga | elingavalanga | lingavalanga |
| Class 6 | āvala | āvala | āvala | awavalanga | angavalanga | engavalanga |
| Class 7 | sāvala | esāvala | sāvala | asivalanga | esingavalanga | singavalanga |
| Class 8 | zāvala | ezāvala | zāvala | azivalanga | ezingavalanga | zingavalanga |
| Class 9 | yāvala | eyāvala | yāvala | ayivalanga | engavalanga | ingavalanga |
| Class 10 | zāvala | ezāvala | zāvala | azivalanga | ezingavalanga | zingavalanga |
| Class 11 | lwāvala | olwāvala | lwāvala | aluvalanga | olungavalanga | lungavalanga |
| Class 14 | bāvala | obāvala | bāvala | abuvalanga | obungavalanga | bungavalanga |
| Class 15 | kwāvala | okwāvala | kwāvala | akuvalanga | okungavalanga | kungavalanga |
| Class 17 | kwāvala | okwāvala | kwāvala | akuvalanga | okungavalanga | kungavalanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingavala | — | ngingavala | ngingevale | — | ngingevale |
| 2nd singular | ungavala | — | ungavala | ungevale | — | ungevale |
| 1st plural | singavala | — | singavala | singevale | — | singevale |
| 2nd plural | ningavala | — | ningavala | ningevale | — | ningevale |
| Class 1 | angavala | — | engavala | angevale | — | engevale |
| Class 2 | bangavala | — | bengavala | bangevale | — | bengevale |
| Class 3 | ungavala | — | ungavala | ungevale | — | ungevale |
| Class 4 | ingavala | — | ingavala | ingevale | — | ingevale |
| Class 5 | lingavala | — | lingavala | lingevale | — | lingevale |
| Class 6 | angavala | — | engavala | angevale | — | engevale |
| Class 7 | singavala | — | singavala | singevale | — | singevale |
| Class 8 | zingavala | — | zingavala | zingevale | — | zingevale |
| Class 9 | ingavala | — | ingavala | ingevale | — | ingevale |
| Class 10 | zingavala | — | zingavala | zingevale | — | zingevale |
| Class 11 | lungavala | — | lungavala | lungevale | — | lungevale |
| Class 14 | bungavala | — | bungavala | bungevale | — | bungevale |
| Class 15 | kungavala | — | kungavala | kungevale | — | kungevale |
| Class 17 | kungavala | — | kungavala | kungevale | — | kungevale |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizovala | engizovala | ngizovala | angizuvala | engingezuvala | ngingezuvala |
| 2nd singular | uzovala | ozovala | uzovala | awuzuvala | ongezuvala | ungezuvala |
| 1st plural | sizovala | esizovala | sizovala | asizuvala | esingezuvala | singezuvala |
| 2nd plural | nizovala | enizovala | nizovala | anizuvala | eningezuvala | ningezuvala |
| Class 1 | uzovala | ozovala | ezovala | akazuvala | ongezuvala | engezuvala |
| Class 2 | bazovala | abazovala | bezovala | abazuvala | abangezuvala | bengezuvala |
| Class 3 | uzovala | ozovala | uzovala | awuzuvala | ongezuvala | ungezuvala |
| Class 4 | izovala | ezovala | izovala | ayizuvala | engezuvala | ingezuvala |
| Class 5 | lizovala | elizovala | lizovala | alizuvala | elingezuvala | lingezuvala |
| Class 6 | azovala | azovala | ezovala | awazuvala | angezuvala | engezuvala |
| Class 7 | sizovala | esizovala | sizovala | asizuvala | esingezuvala | singezuvala |
| Class 8 | zizovala | ezizovala | zizovala | azizuvala | ezingezuvala | zingezuvala |
| Class 9 | izovala | ezovala | izovala | ayizuvala | engezuvala | ingezuvala |
| Class 10 | zizovala | ezizovala | zizovala | azizuvala | ezingezuvala | zingezuvala |
| Class 11 | luzovala | oluzovala | luzovala | aluzuvala | olungezuvala | lungezuvala |
| Class 14 | buzovala | obuzovala | buzovala | abuzuvala | obungezuvala | bungezuvala |
| Class 15 | kuzovala | okuzovala | kuzovala | akuzuvala | okungezuvala | kungezuvala |
| Class 17 | kuzovala | okuzovala | kuzovala | akuzuvala | okungezuvala | kungezuvala |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyovala | engiyovala | ngiyovala | angiyuvala | engingeyuvala | ngingeyuvala |
| 2nd singular | uyovala | oyovala | uyovala | awuyuvala | ongeyuvala | ungeyuvala |
| 1st plural | siyovala | esiyovala | siyovala | asiyuvala | esingeyuvala | singeyuvala |
| 2nd plural | niyovala | eniyovala | niyovala | aniyuvala | eningeyuvala | ningeyuvala |
| Class 1 | uyovala | oyovala | eyovala | akayuvala | ongeyuvala | engeyuvala |
| Class 2 | bayovala | abayovala | beyovala | abayuvala | abangeyuvala | bengeyuvala |
| Class 3 | uyovala | oyovala | uyovala | awuyuvala | ongeyuvala | ungeyuvala |
| Class 4 | iyovala | eyovala | iyovala | ayiyuvala | engeyuvala | ingeyuvala |
| Class 5 | liyovala | eliyovala | liyovala | aliyuvala | elingeyuvala | lingeyuvala |
| Class 6 | ayovala | ayovala | eyovala | awayuvala | angeyuvala | engeyuvala |
| Class 7 | siyovala | esiyovala | siyovala | asiyuvala | esingeyuvala | singeyuvala |
| Class 8 | ziyovala | eziyovala | ziyovala | aziyuvala | ezingeyuvala | zingeyuvala |
| Class 9 | iyovala | eyovala | iyovala | ayiyuvala | engeyuvala | ingeyuvala |
| Class 10 | ziyovala | eziyovala | ziyovala | aziyuvala | ezingeyuvala | zingeyuvala |
| Class 11 | luyovala | oluyovala | luyovala | aluyuvala | olungeyuvala | lungeyuvala |
| Class 14 | buyovala | obuyovala | buyovala | abuyuvala | obungeyuvala | bungeyuvala |
| Class 15 | kuyovala | okuyovala | kuyovala | akuyuvala | okungeyuvala | kungeyuvala |
| Class 17 | kuyovala | okuyovala | kuyovala | akuyuvala | okungeyuvala | kungeyuvala |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngivale | ngingavali |
| 2nd singular | uvale | ungavali |
| 1st plural | sivale | singavali |
| 2nd plural | nivale | ningavali |
| Class 1 | avale | angavali |
| Class 2 | bavale | bangavali |
| Class 3 | uvale | ungavali |
| Class 4 | ivale | ingavali |
| Class 5 | livale | lingavali |
| Class 6 | avale | angavali |
| Class 7 | sivale | singavali |
| Class 8 | zivale | zingavali |
| Class 9 | ivale | ingavali |
| Class 10 | zivale | zingavali |
| Class 11 | luvale | lungavali |
| Class 14 | buvale | bungavali |
| Class 15 | kuvale | kungavali |
| Class 17 | kuvale | kungavali |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngavala | ngangavala, angavala, angangavala |
| 2nd singular | wavala | wangavala, awavala, awangavala |
| 1st plural | savala | sangavala, asavala, asangavala |
| 2nd plural | navala | nangavala, anavala, anangavala |
| Class 1 | wavala | wangavala, akavala, akangavala |
| Class 2 | bavala | bangavala, abavala, abangavala |
| Class 3 | wavala | wangavala, awavala, awangavala |
| Class 4 | yavala | yangavala, ayavala, ayangavala |
| Class 5 | lavala | langavala, alavala, alangavala |
| Class 6 | avala | angavala, awavala, awangavala |
| Class 7 | savala | sangavala, asavala, asangavala |
| Class 8 | zavala | zangavala, azavala, azangavala |
| Class 9 | yavala | yangavala, ayavala, ayangavala |
| Class 10 | zavala | zangavala, azavala, azangavala |
| Class 11 | lwavala | lwangavala, alwavala, alwangavala |
| Class 14 | bavala | bangavala, abavala, abangavala |
| Class 15 | kwavala | kwangavala, akwavala, akwangavala |
| Class 17 | kwavala | kwangavala, akwavala, akwangavala |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “vala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “vala (6.3)”