OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# szociológia
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From English sociology. With -lógia ending.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsot͡sijoloːɡijɒ]
* Hyphenation: szo‧ci‧o‧ló‧gia
* Rhymes: -jɒ

### Noun

szociológia (plural szociológiák)
* sociology

#### Derived terms

* szociológiai

#### Related terms

* asszociáció, asszociál, asszociatív
* disszociáció, disszociál
* szociábilis (technical)
* szociál-: -demokrata, -politika etc.
* szociális → antiszociális, aszociális
* szocialista, szocializmus
* szocializál (→ -ódik), szocializáció
* szocio-: -lógia, -lógus etc.
* szoclib, szocpol, szocreál

### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

### Further reading

* szociológia in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# indicizzare
## Italian
### Etymology

From indice +‎ -izzare.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /in.di.t͡ʃidˈd͡za.re/
* Rhymes: -are
* Hyphenation: in‧di‧ciz‧zà‧re

### Verb

indicizzàre (first-person singular present indicìzzo, first-person singular past historic indicizzài, past participle indicizzàto, auxiliary avére) (transitive)
* to index (to create an index to something)
* (economics) to apply indexation to

#### Derived terms

* indicizzazione

### Anagrams

* indicizzerà
# litteratur
## Danish
### Noun

litteratur c (singular definite litteraturen, plural indefinite litteraturer)
* literature (all written works)

#### Usage notes

Mostly used in singular form.

#### Related terms

* litterær

### Further reading

* “litteratur” in Den Danske Ordbog
* “litteratur” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

litteratur m (definite singular litteraturen, indefinite plural litteraturer, definite plural litteraturene)
* literature (body of all written works)

#### Derived terms

* faglitteratur
* skjønnlitteratur

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

litteratur m (definite singular litteraturen, indefinite plural litteraturar, definite plural litteraturane)
* literature (as above)

#### Derived terms

* faglitteratur
* skjønnlitteratur

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

litteratur c
* literature

#### Derived terms

* arbetarlitteratur
* barnlitteratur
* bekännelselitteratur
* facklitteratur
* fiktionslitteratur
* förströelselitteratur
* gottköpslitteratur
* indignationslitteratur
* kiosklitteratur
* kolportagelitteratur
* kriminallitteratur
* kurslitteratur
* kvalitetslitteratur
* litteraturagent
* litteraturbevakning
* litteraturforskare
* litteraturforskning
* litteraturförteckning
* litteraturhistoria
* litteraturhistoriker
* litteraturhistorisk
* litteraturhänvisning
* litteraturkanon
* litteraturkritik
* litteraturkritiker
* litteraturkritisk
* litteraturlista
* litteraturläsning
* litteraturpris
* litteraturpristagare
* litteraturrecensent
* litteraturrecension
* litteratursociologi
* litteraturspråk
* litteraturstöd
* litteratursökning
* litteraturteori
* litteraturtidskrift
* litteraturvetare
* litteraturvetenskap
* litteraturvetenskaplig
* litteraturöversikt
* memoarlitteratur
* nationallitteratur
* populärlitteratur
* proletärlitteratur
* referenslitteratur
* romanlitteratur
* sagalitteratur
* sagolitteratur
* samtidslitteratur
* sanskritlitteratur
* sekundärlitteratur
* självhjälpslitteratur
* skräplitteratur
* skönlitteratur
* smutslitteratur
* snusklitteratur
* triviallitteratur
* undergroundlitteratur
* underhållningslitteratur
* ungdomslitteratur
* uppbyggelselitteratur
* vittneslitteratur
* vuxenlitteratur
* världslitteratur
* översättningslitteratur

#### Related terms

* litterär

### References

* litteratur in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* litteratur in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* litteratur in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# spekulatív
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From German spekulativ. With -ív ending.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃpɛkulɒtiːv]
* Hyphenation: spe‧ku‧la‧tív
* Rhymes: -iːv

### Adjective

spekulatív (comparative spekulatívabb, superlative legspekulatívabb)
* speculative

#### Declension

or

#### Related terms

* spekuláció
* spekulál

### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

### Further reading

* spekulatív in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# meromorphic
## English
### Etymology

From mero- +‎ -morphic.

### Adjective

meromorphic (not comparable)
* (complex analysis, of a function) That is the ratio of two holomorphic functions (and so possibly infinite at a discrete set of points).
** 1993, Joel L. Schiff, Normal Families, Springer, page 71:Normal families of meromorphic functions are most naturally studied using the spherical metric (§1.2), an approach initiated by Ostrowski [1926]. Some results for meromorphic functions, such as the FNT, are immediate extensions from the analytic case, whereas others, such as Landau's or Julia's theorem are set in a much broader context than their analytic counterparts. Normality criteria pertinent to families of meromorphic functions, such as Marty's theorem, have not yet been encountered.
** 2000, Werner Balser, Formal Power Series and Linear Systems of Meromorphic Ordinary Differential Equations, Springer, page 39:Note that such a transformation is holomorphic at the origin, but is essentially singular at infinity. However, since $T(z)$ commutes with $A(z)$, the transformed system has coefficient matrix $A(z)-zq'(z)I$ and hence is again meromorphic at infinity.
** 2012, Marius van der Put, Michael F. Singer, Galois Theory of Linear Differential Equations, Springer, page 147:A point $p\in P^{1}$ is singular for $\textstyle {\frac {d}{dz}}-A$ if the equation cannot be made regular at $p$ with a local meromorphic transformation.

#### Derived terms

* bimeromorphic
* hypermeromorphic
* meromorphically
* quasimeromorphic

#### Related terms

* holomorphic
* meromorphism
# taji
## Bau Bidayuh
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay taji (“spur”). Compare Cebuano tari.

### Noun

taji
* spur (An appendage or spike pointing rearward, near the foot, for instance that of a rooster)

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtajɪ]

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

taji
* inflection of taj:
** dative/vocative/locative singular
** instrumental plural

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

taji
* first-person singular present of tát

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtad͡ʒi]
* Hyphenation: ta‧ji

### Etymology 1

From Malay taji (“spur”).

#### Noun

taji (uncountable)
* spur
    Synonyms: jalu, susuh, susuk
** an appendage or spike pointing rearward, near the foot, for instance that of a rooster.
** an metalic appendage to above.

##### Derived terms

* bertaji
* taji tiruan

##### Related terms

* tajen

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

taji (uncountable)
* Podocarpus neriifolius

### Further reading

* “taji” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latvian
### Noun

taji m
* nominative/vocative plural of tajs

## Malay
### Etymology

Compare Cebuano tari & Sambali tari.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tad͡ʒi/
* Rhymes: -ad͡ʒi, -d͡ʒi, -i

### Noun

taji (Jawi spelling تاجي, plural taji-taji, informal 1st possessive tajiku, 2nd possessive tajimu, 3rd possessive tajinya)
* spur (An appendage or spike pointing rearward, near the foot, for instance that of a rooster)

### Further reading

* “taji” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Swahili
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَاج (tāj).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

taji class V (plural mataji class VI)
* crown
    Synonym: tiara
* championship
    Synonym: ubingwa

### References

* ↑ Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 50 Nr. 400

## Ternate
### Etymology

Possibly related to Malay taji (“a spur”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta.d͡ʒi/

### Verb

taji
* (transitive) to stick into, to pierce, stab

#### Conjugation
### References

* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

## Venetan
### Noun

taji
* plural of tajo

## West Makian
### Etymology

Likely from Ternate taji (“to stab”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt̪a.d͡ʒi/

### Verb

taji
* (transitive) to stab (with a knife, etc.)

#### Conjugation
### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

## Yaqui
### Etymology

From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *tahi. Cognate with Mayo tajji, Cora taíj, Huichol tái and Classical Nahuatl tletl.

### Noun

taji
* fire
# Abgang
## German
### Etymology

ab- +‎ Gang

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈapˌɡaŋ/, [ˈʔapˌɡaŋ]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Ab‧gang

### Noun

Abgang m (strong, genitive Abganges or Abgangs, plural Abgänge)
* exit
* departure
* sale
* (medicine) discharge
* (oenology) overall sensation after swallowing a wine

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Synonyms

* Ausscheiden
* Ausgang
* Weggang
* Verlust

#### Antonyms

* Aufgang
* Zugang
* Auftritt
* Ankunft

#### Derived terms

* Abgangsklasse
* Abgangstreppe
* Abgangszeugnis
* Lawinenabgang
* Schulabgang
* Treppenabgang
* Weinabgang

### Further reading

* “Abgang” in Duden online
* “Abgang” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# Poblacion B
## English
### Proper noun

Poblacion B
* A barangay of Camiling, Tarlac, Philippines.
* A barangay of Dueñas, Iloilo, Philippines.
* A barangay of M'lang, Cotabato, Philippines.
* A barangay of Tarangnan, Samar, Philippines.
# munci
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Javanese munci (ꦩꦸꦚ꧀ꦕꦶ), from Sanskrit मुञ्च् (muñc, “wicked, cheat”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmʊnt͡ʃi]
* Hyphenation: mun‧ci

### Noun

munci (plural munci-munci)
* mistress (the other woman in an extramarital relationship, generally including sexual relations)
    Synonym: gundik
* prostitute; whore.

#### Synonyms

* (female prostitute): see Thesaurus: pelacur

#### Related terms

* muncikari

### Further reading

* “munci” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Romanian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic мѫчити (mǫčiti, “to torture”), from Proto-Slavic *mǫčiti.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /munˈt͡ʃi/
* Audio:(file)

#### Verb

a munci (third-person singular present muncește, past participle muncit) 4th conjugation
* to work
    Synonym: lucra

##### Related terms

* muncă
* muncire
* muncit
* muncitoare
* muncitor
* muncitoresc

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

munci
* inflection of muncă:
** plural
** genitive/dative singular
# noda
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Portuguese nódoa (“stain”), from Latin notula (“little mark”). Doublet of notula.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnoda/
* Hyphenation: no‧da
* Rhymes: -da, -a

### Noun

noda (plural noda-noda)
* stain, blot, spot, speck
    Synonyms: bercak, noktah
* stain, disgrace
    Synonyms: aib, cacat, cela

#### Derived terms

* bernoda
* dinodai
* menodai
* penodaan
* ternoda
* ternodai

### Further reading

* “noda” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Irish
### Noun

noda
* nominative/dative plural of nod

## Latin
### Verb

nōdā
* second-person singular present active imperative of nōdō

### References

* noda in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

noda n (plural noda)
* (pre-1959) alternative form of node
* definite plural of node

## Romansch
### Verb

noda
* (Surmiran) third-person singular present active indicative of nudar
# Paragua
## Irish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Paragua m (genitive Pharagua)
* Paraguay (a country in South America)

#### Usage notes

* Not preceded by the definite article.

#### Derived terms

* Paraguach (“Paraguayan”, adjective)
* Paraguach m (“Paraguayan”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* “Paraguay”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “Paragua”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm

## Spanish
### Etymology

Possibly ultimately from Central Palawano Palawan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈɾaɡwa/ [paˈɾa.ɣ̞wa]
* Rhymes: -aɡwa
* Syllabification: Pa‧ra‧gua
* Homophone: paragua

### Proper noun

Paragua f
* Archaic spelling of Palawan.
# senar
## Basque
### Etymology

From Proto-Basque *seNaR, further etymology unknown. Possibly bimorphemic, compare ar (“male”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /s̺enar/ [s̺e.nar]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -enar
* Hyphenation: se‧nar

### Noun

senar anim
* husband
    Synonym: gizon

#### Derived terms

* senar-emazte (“spouses”)
* senar-emaztegai (“fiancé and fiancée”)
* senardun
* senargabe
* senargai (“fiancé”)
* senartu

### Further reading

* “senar”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
* “senar”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Catalan
### Etymology

Unknown, likely of pre-Roman origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [səˈna]
* IPA: (Valencia) [seˈnaɾ]

### Adjective

senar m or f (masculine and feminine plural senars)
* (archaic) simple, unlined
* (mathematics) odd
    Synonym: imparell
    Antonyms: par, parell

### Noun

senar m (plural senars)
* (mathematics, usually in the plural) an odd number

#### Derived terms

* parells o senars

### Further reading

* “senar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “senar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “senar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025

## Franco-Provençal
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin sēmināre.

### Verb

senar (ORB, broad)
* to sow, seed

### References

* semer in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
* senar in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch snaar (“string”), from Middle Dutch snaer, from Old Dutch snara, from Proto-Germanic *snarhǭ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [səˈnar]
* Hyphenation: sê‧nar

### Noun

senar (plural)
* string, chord

#### Affixed terms

* bersenar

### Further reading

* “senar” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

senar m
* indefinite plural of sene

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

senar f
* (non-standard since 1938) indefinite plural of sen
# bělýš
## Old Czech
### Etymology

Coined by Klaret. First attested in the 14th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈbi̯ɛɫɨːʃ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈbjɛliːʃ/, /ˈbjɛlɛjʃ/

### Noun

bělýš m animal
* salmon

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “bělýš”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# видихати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology 1

From ви́дихати (výdyxaty) +‎ -а́ти (-áty).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʋedeˈxate]
* Audio:(file)

#### Verb

видиха́ти • (vydyxáty) impf (perfective ви́дихати or ви́дихнути (semelfactive))
* to breathe out, to exhale
    Synonym: види́хувати impf (vydýxuvaty)

##### Derived terms

* видиха́льний (vydyxálʹnyj)
* видиха́ння n (vydyxánnja)
* видиха́тися impf (vydyxátysja)

### Etymology 2

From ви́- (vý-) +‎ ди́хати (dýxaty).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʋɪdexɐte]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

#### Verb

ви́дихати • (výdyxaty) pf (imperfective видиха́ти or види́хувати)
* to breathe out, to exhale
    Near-synonym: (semelfactive) ви́дихнути pf (výdyxnuty)

##### Derived terms

* ви́дих m (výdyx)
* ви́дихатися pf (výdyxatysja)

### References

* Rusanivskyi, V. M., editor (2012), “видихати”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 2 (в – відсрібли́тися), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 260
* “видихати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970), “видихати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (А – В), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 387
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “видихати”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “видихати”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “видихати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “видихати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# slučitelný
## Czech
### Etymology

From sloučit +‎ -telný.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈslut͡ʃɪtɛlniː]

### Adjective

slučitelný
* compatible
    Synonym: kompatibilní
    Antonyms: neslučitelný, nekompatibilní

#### Related terms

* neslučitelný
* slučitelně
* slučitelnost
* sloučit

### Further reading

* “slučitelný”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “slučitelný”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “slučitelný”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# excel·lent
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin excellentem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ək.səlˈlen]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ək.səlˈlent]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ek.selˈlent]

### Adjective

excel·lent m or f (masculine and feminine plural excel·lents)
* excellent

#### Derived terms

* excel·lentment

#### Related terms

* excel·lència
* excel·lir

### Further reading

* “excel·lent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
# שפירית
## Hebrew

* Root
* שׁ־פ־ר (sh-p-r)
* 7 terms

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

שַׁפִּירִית • (shapirit) f
* dragonfly

### References

* “שפירית” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

### Further reading

* שפירית on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$
# polinésico
## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /po.liˈnɛ.zi.ku/
* (Brazil) IPA: /po.liˈnɛ.zi.ku/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /po.liˈnɛ.zi.ko/
* (Portugal) IPA: /pu.liˈnɛ.zi.ku/

### Adjective

polinésico (feminine polinésica, masculine plural polinésicos, feminine plural polinésicas)
* Polynesian
    Synonym: polinésio

#### Related terms

* Polinésia
* polinésio

### Further reading

* “polinésico”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “polinésico”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /poliˈnesiko/ [po.liˈne.si.ko]
* Rhymes: -esiko
* Syllabification: po‧li‧né‧si‧co

### Adjective

polinésico (feminine polinésica, masculine plural polinésicos, feminine plural polinésicas)
* Polynesian
    Synonym: polinesio

### Noun

polinésico m (plural polinésicos, feminine polinésica, feminine plural polinésicas)
* Polynesian
    Synonym: polinesio

#### Related terms

* Polinesia
* polinesio

### Further reading

* “polinésico”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# spuug
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -yx

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from spugen.

#### Noun

spuug n (uncountable)
* spit, spawl

##### Alternative forms

* spog, spuw

##### Derived terms

* spuugbeestje
* spuugzat

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: spuug
* Negerhollands: spug

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

spuug
* inflection of spugen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative
# subsistir
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin subsistere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [sup.sisˈti]
* IPA: (Valencia) [sup.sisˈtiɾ]

### Verb

subsistir (first-person singular present subsisteixo, first-person singular preterite subsistí, past participle subsistit)
* (intransitive) to subsist

#### Related terms

* subsistència
* subsistent

### Further reading

* “subsistir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “subsistir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “subsistir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “subsistir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin subsistere, with change of conjugation.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /sub.sisˈt͡ʃi(ʁ)/ [sub.sisˈt͡ʃi(h)], /su.bi.sisˈt͡ʃi(ʁ)/ [su.bi.sisˈt͡ʃi(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /sub.sisˈt͡ʃi(ʁ)/ [sub.sisˈt͡ʃi(h)], /su.bi.sisˈt͡ʃi(ʁ)/ [su.bi.sisˈt͡ʃi(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /sub.sisˈt͡ʃi(ɾ)/, /su.bi.sisˈt͡ʃi(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /sub.siʃˈt͡ʃi(ʁ)/ [sub.siʃˈt͡ʃi(χ)], /su.bi.siʃˈt͡ʃi(ʁ)/ [su.bi.siʃˈt͡ʃi(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /sub.sisˈt͡ʃi(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /su.bsiʃˈtiɾ/ [su.βsiʃˈtiɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /su.bsiʃˈtiɾ/ [su.βsiʃˈtiɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /su.bsiʃˈti.ɾi/ [su.βsiʃˈti.ɾi]
* (Northeast Brazil) IPA: /sub.siʃˈti(χ)/
* Hyphenation: sub‧sis‧tir

### Verb

subsistir (first-person singular present subsisto, first-person singular preterite subsisti, past participle subsistido)
* to subsist

#### Related terms

* subsistência
* subsistente

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin subsistō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /subsisˈtiɾ/ [suβ̞.sisˈt̪iɾ]
* Rhymes: -iɾ
* Syllabification: sub‧sis‧tir

### Verb

subsistir (first-person singular present subsisto, first-person singular preterite subsistí, past participle subsistido)
* (intransitive) to subsist

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Related terms

* subsistencia
* subsistente

### Further reading

* “subsistir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10