# luna
## English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin lūna (“moon; month; crescent”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈluːnə/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Homophones: lunar, looner (non-rhotic)
* Rhymes: -uːnə

#### Noun

luna (plural lunas)
* (entomology) A luna moth: a member of species Actias luna.
** 1944, Elizabeth Enright, Then There Were Five‎, Farrar & Rinehart, page 80:“Gee,” whispered Oliver. He sat there staring. “A luna! I never thought I’d see a real luna!”
** 1969, Sterling North, “An Introduction to Butterflies and Moths”, in Boys’ Life, May 1969 issue, Boy Scouts of America, page 64:
    On the previous evening we had discovered with delight a luna with the fabulous moons, one on each pale green wing.
** 2010, Sally Roth (contributor), in Judy Pray (compiler), Garden Wisdom & Know-How: Everything You Need to Know to Plant, Grow, and Harvest, Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, Inc., →ISBN, page 348:
    Spray BT on your young oak to protect against gypsy moths, and you wipe out future lunas, cecropias, and everything else on the leaves, along with the pests.
* (Christianity, chiefly Catholicism and Anglicanism) A lunette: a crescent-shaped receptacle, often glass, for holding the (consecrated) host (the bread of communion) upright when exposed in the monstrance. [from 19th c.]
** 1907 May, “Dominicanus”, “The Rosary and the Blessed Sacrament”, in the Dominican Friars, The Rosary Magazine, Volume 30, Number 5, page 494:
    The Bread of Angels is first taken from the tabernacle, where it rests in the luna, and placed upon the altar, covered with a corporal. After genuflecting, the priest puts the luna containing the Blessed Sacrament on its throne—the monstrance—and elevates it […]
** 1917, John F. Sullivan, The Externals of the Catholic Church, BiblioLife, LLC, published 2009, →ISBN, pages 115–116:This receptacle is called a “luna” or “lunula” (a moon, or a little moon), and has glass on either side, so that the Host may be seen when enclosed therein. […] ¶ […] ¶ The ciborium, the pyx and luna of the ostensorium are blessed with a simpler formula than that used for the chalice, and […] ¶ […] ¶ The chalice, the paten, the luna and the pyx are sacred things, true sacramentals, and are worthy of deepest reverence; for […]
** 2007, John Trigilio, Kenneth Brighenti, The Catholicism Answer Book: The 300 Most Frequently Asked Questions, Sourcebooks, Inc., →ISBN, page 156:The luna, which is a piece of glass in the shape of a moon, contains the Blessed Sacrament, previously consecrated. The luna is then placed in the middle of the sunburst of the monstrance.

##### Synonyms

* (glass holder): lunette, lunula

##### Related terms

* luna cornea

### Etymology 2

From Hawaiian luna (“leader; supervisor”).

#### Noun

luna (plural luna or lunas)
* (Hawaii) A foreman on a plantation.
** 1922 June, U. G. Murphy, “The Japanese Problem in Hawaii: How the Task of Christianizing and Americanizing the Oriental is Progressing”, in The Friend, volume 91, number 6, page 130:There are several reasons why the Hawaiian-born Japanese boys and girls do not take kindly to plantation labor, but one of the chief reasons is the objection to the kind of lunas who oversee the work of the laborers.
** 1959, James Michener, Hawaii‎, Fawcett Crest, published 1986, →ISBN, page 737:[…] haoles could not visualize Chinese or Japanese in positions of authority. And from sad experience, the great plantation owners had discovered that the Americans they could get to serve as lunas were positively no good. Capable Americans expected office jobs and incapable ones were unable to control the Oriental […]
** 2000, Sally Engle Merry, Colonizing Hawai'i: the cultural power of law, page 321:After the day was over I went to the luna to count my day but he would not. Then I went to him the second time and he said he would not put it down.
** 2012, Julia Flynn Siler, Lost Kingdom, Grove Press, page 35:Capital punishment was outlawed by the government but some plantation managers and luna still delivered lashings and other forms of abuse.

##### Usage notes

* This noun, though inflected as an English word (singular luna, plural lunas), is frequently italicized as a loanword.

### References

* ↑ “luna” in Don S. Armentrout and Robert Boak Slocum (editors), An Episcopal Dictionary of the Church: A User-Friendly Reference for Episcopalians, Church Publishing, Inc. (2000), →ISBN.
* ↑ 1986, Mary Kawena Pukui, Samuel H. Elbert, Hawaiian dictionary: Hawaiian-English, English-Hawaiian, revised and enlarged edition (University of Hawaii Press)

### Anagrams

* Alun, An-lu, Anlu, Lu'an, auln, luan, ulan, ulna, unal

## Aragonese
### Etymology

From Latin lūna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Noun

luna f (plural lunas)
* moon

### References

* Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) “luna”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN

## Cebuano
### Etymology

cf. Malay duma

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: lu‧nâ

### Noun

luna
* one's proper place under the sun
    Balik sa imong luna aron walay gubot.Return to your proper place to avoid trouble.
* room, accommodation
    May luna pa ba ko sa kinabuhi mo?Is there still room for me in your life?

### Verb

luna
* pahi~ - to put things in order
    Palad ang mipahiluna nga magkita sila.It was arranged by fate that they meet.

## Chavacano
### Etymology

Inherited from Spanish luna (“moon”).

### Noun

luna
* moon

## Corsican
### Etymology

From Latin lūna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Noun

luna f
* moon

### References

* “luna” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech luna, from Proto-Slavic *lunà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *láukšnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂. Cognates include Latin lūna, Ancient Greek λύχνος (lúkhnos), Old Prussian lauxnos and Middle Irish luan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈluna]

### Noun

luna f
* (poetic) moon
    Synonym: měsíc

#### Related terms

* lunární

### Further reading

* “luna”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “luna”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “luna”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Esperanto
### Etymology

From luno (“moon”) +‎ -a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈluna]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -una
* Hyphenation: lun‧a

### Adjective

luna (accusative singular lunan, plural lunaj, accusative plural lunajn)
* (astronomy) lunar

## Fala
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese lũa, from Latin lūna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈluna/
* Rhymes: -una
* Syllabification: lu‧na

### Noun

luna f (plural lunas)
* moon

### References

* Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

## Franco-Provençal
### Noun

luna (ORB, broad)
* Alternative form of lena (“moon”)

### References

* lune in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
* luna in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

## Interlingua
### Noun

luna (plural lunas)
* moon

## Italian
### Etymology

From Luna, from Latin lūna, from Old Latin losna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂, derived from the root *lewk- (“bright”). Cognates include Armenian լուսին (lusin), Spanish luna, Portuguese lua, Romanian lună, Russian луна́ (luná).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlu.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: Luna
* Rhymes: -una
* Hyphenation: lù‧na

### Noun

luna f (plural lune)
* (colloquial, astronomy, by extension of Luna) a natural satellite
    Synonym: satellite naturale
* (archaic, literary) a month, moon
** 1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XXXIII”, in Inferno [Hell]‎, lines 22, 25–27; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎, 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:Breve pertugio dentro da la Muda, […] m’avea mostrato per lo suo forame più lune già, quand’io feci ’l mal sonno che del futuro mi squarciò ’l velame"A narrow opening in the mew had already shown me many moons through its hole, when I dreamed the evil dream that tore apart the veil of the future for me."
* (archaic, figurative, by extension) a time of the year
* (alchemy) silver
* (heraldry) a full moon (as opposed to a crescent)

#### Derived terms

* allunare
* avere la luna storta
* luna park
* lunario
* mezza luna
* mezzaluna

#### Related terms

* lunare
* lunaria
* lunatico
* lunato
* lunazione
* lunedì

### Anagrams

* ulna

## Ladino
### Etymology

From Latin lūna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Noun

luna f (Latin spelling, plural lunas)
* moon

### References

* Joseph Nehama, Jesús Cantera (1977) Dictionnaire du Judéo-Espagnol (in French), Madrid: CSIC, →ISBN, page 332

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* Lūna (for the sense "the Moon" and the goddess)
* ☽, ☾ (alchemy)

### Etymology

From Old Latin losna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂, which is derived from Proto-Indo-European *lewk-. By surface analysis, lūx +‎ -na.
Cognates include Proto-Slavic *luna.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈluː.na/, [ˈɫ̪uːnä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈlu.na/, [ˈluːnä]

### Noun

lūna f (genitive lūnae); first declension
* (astronomy) a moon
* (figuratively) moonlight, moon shine
** 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.697:lūna fuit: spectant iuvenem gladiōsque reconduntThere was moonlight: They look upon the young man, and sheathe their swords
* (figuratively) a month
* (figuratively) a night
* a crescent shape
* (alchemy, chemistry) silver

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* interlūnis
* interlūnium
* Lūna
* lūnāris
* lūnāticus
* lūnātis
* lūnō
* lūnula
* novilūnium
* plenilūnium

#### Descendants

* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: luna
* Balkan-Romance:
** Aromanian: lunã
** Istro-Romanian: lurĕ
** Megleno-Romanian: lună
** Romanian: lună
* Italo-Dalmatian:
** Corsican: luna
** Dalmatian: loina
** Italian: luna
** Neapolitan: luna
** Sicilian: luna
** Tarantino: lune
** Venetan: łuna
* Rhaeto-Romance:
** Friulian: lune
** Ladin: löna, lùna
** Romansch: glina
* Gallo-Italic:
** Ligurian: lünn-a
** Old Lombard: luna
*** Lombard: lüna, löna
** Piedmontese: lun-a
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: lluna
** Franco-Provençal: lena
** Occitan: luna
** Old French: lune
*** Middle French: lune
**** French: lune
**** Norman: leune
*** Bourguignon: leugne
*** Walloon: lune
* Ibero-Romance:
** Navarro-Aragonese:
*** Aragonese: luna
** Old Leonese:
*** Asturian: lluna
*** Extremaduran: luna
*** Leonese: lluna
*** Mirandese: lhuna
** Old Galician-Portuguese: lũa
*** Galician: lúa, Lúa
*** Portuguese: lua, Lua (see there for further descendants)
** Old Spanish:
*** Ladino: luna
*** Spanish: luna (see there for further descendants)
* Borrowings:
** → English: lune, luna
** → Danish: lune
** → German: Laune

#### See also

* noctilūca

### References

* “luna”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “luna”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* luna in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. the sun, moon, is eclipsed: sol (luna) deficit, obscuratur the moon waxes, wanes: luna crescit; decrescit, senescit
* “luna”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “luna”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
* “luna”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
* “luna”, in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976), The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press

## Lindu
### Noun

luna
* pillow

## Lombard
### Etymology

From Latin lūna, from Old Latin losna.

### Noun

luna f
* (Old Lombard) the moon

#### Descendants

* Lombard: lüna, löna

## Middle English
### Noun

luna (uncountable)
* Alternative form of lune

#### References

* “luna, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 15 June 2018.

## Neapolitan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin lūna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈluna/
** (Naples) IPA: [ˈluːnɐ]
** (Central Apulia) IPA: [ˈluːnə ⁓ ˈlownə ⁓ ˈləʉnə]
** (Eastern Abruzzo) IPA: [ˈluːnə ⁓ ˈlownə ⁓ ˈlʊːnə] IPA: [ˈlyːnə ⁓ ˈliːnə]

### Noun

luna f (plural lune)
* moon

### References

* AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 361: “la luna” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it

## Occitan
### Alternative forms

* lua
* luno (Provence)

### Etymology

From Old Occitan luna, from Latin lūna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlyno]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

luna f (plural lunas)
* moon

## Old Czech
### Alternative forms

* łuna (alternative writing)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lunà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *láukšnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈɫuna/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈluna/

### Noun

luna f (poetic)
* moon
    Synonym: měsiec
* glow; light beam
    luna měsiečnámoonbeam

#### Descendants

* Czech: luna

### References

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “luna”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish luna (“moon”).

### Noun

luna
* moon
* month

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin lūna. Doublet of łuna and Roksana.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlu.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -una
* Syllabification: lu‧na
* Homophone: Luna

### Noun

luna f
* (archaic, poetic) moon
    Synonyms: księżyc, miesiąc

#### Related terms

* lunarny
* lunatyczny
* lunacja
* lunatyczka
* lunatyk
* lunatyzm
* luneta
* lunit

### Further reading

* luna in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlu.na/
* Rhymes: -una
* Hyphenation: lu‧na

### Noun

luna
* definite nominative/accusative singular of lună: the moon, the month

## Sardinian
### Etymology

From Latin lūna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Noun

luna f (plural lunas)
* moon

### References

* “luna” in Ditzionàriu in línia de sa limba e de sa cultura sarda (2016). Searchable in multiple languages at ditzionariu.sardegnacultura.it

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *luna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *láukšnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lǔːna/

### Noun

lúna f (Cyrillic spelling лу́на)
* moon
    Synonym: mesec/misec/mjesec

#### Declension
### References

* “luna”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Sicilian
### Etymology

From Latin lūna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈluna/
* Hyphenation: lù‧na

### Noun

luna f (plural luni)
* moon

#### Derived terms

* luniddì
* lunariari

## Slovak
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lunà.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈluna]
* Hyphenation: lu‧na

### Noun

luna f (genitive singular luny, nominative plural luny, genitive plural lún, declension pattern of žena)
* (archaic, poetic) moon
    Synonym: mesiac

#### Derived terms

* lunárny

### Further reading

* “luna”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Slovene
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lunà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *láukšnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lùːna/

### Noun

lúna f
* moon
    Synonym: mésec

#### See also

* Lúna

### Further reading

* “luna”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
* “luna”, in Termania, Amebis
* See also the general references

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin lūna, from Proto-Italic *louksnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂, which is derived from Proto-Indo-European *lewk-. Cognate with Galician lúa, Portuguese lua, Catalan lluna, French lune, Italian luna, Occitan luna and Romanian lună.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈluna/ [ˈlu.na]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -una
* Syllabification: lu‧na

### Noun

luna f (plural lunas)
* moon

#### Derived terms

* alunizar
* caca de luna
* claro de luna
* creciente de la Luna
* elevalunas
* estar con la luna
* estar en la luna
* ladrar a la luna
* luna creciente
* luna de miel
* luna gibosa
* luna llena
* luna menguante
* luna nueva
* lunar
* mariposa luna
* menguante de la Luna
* pastel de luna
* pedir la luna
* pez luna
* piedra de luna

#### Related terms

* lunar
* lunático

#### Descendants

* Papiamentu: luna

### Further reading

* “luna”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* nula