# 浸

| 浸 | U+6D78, &#28024; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D78 |
| ← 海 [U+6D77] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 浹 → [U+6D79] |
| 浸 | U+2F904, &#194820; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F904 |
| ← 浩 [U+2F903] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 涅 → [U+2F905] |

## Translingual
### Han character

浸 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水尸一水 (ESME), four-corner 3714$_7$, composition ⿰氵𠬶)

#### Derived characters

* 𠺸, 𢟖, 寖, 蓡, 䆮, 𩅕, 薓, 𡩻, 𡫏, 𥧲

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 625, character 15
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17505
* Dae Jaweon: page 1027, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1635, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6D78
* Unihan data for U+2F904

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 鋟 | *ʔsem, *sʰem, *sʰimʔ |
| 綅 | *sem, *ʔsim, *sʰim |
| 祲 | *ʔsim, *ʔsims |
| 埐 | *ʔsim, *zim |
| 梫 | *ʔsim, *sʰimʔ, *sʰrim |
| 濅 | *ʔsimʔ, *ʔsims |
| 浸 | *ʔsims, *sʰim |
| 侵 | *sʰim |
| 駸 | *sʰim, *sʰrim |
| 寢 | *sʰimʔ |
| 寑 | *sʰimʔ |
| 薓 | *srim |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsims, *sʰim) : semantic 水 + phonetic 𡩠.

### Etymology 1

Cognate with Burmese စိမ် (cim, “to steep; to soak”), Burmese စိမ့် (cim., “to seep; to ooze”) (Schuessler, 2007). Probably unrelated to 沉 (OC *l'um).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jìn (jin$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zam$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): dim$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chim
    (Meixian, Guangdong): jim$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): céng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zing$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chìm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zim$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$cin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jìn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jìn
*** Wade–Giles: chin$^4$
*** Yale: jìn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
*** Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zam$^3$
*** Yale: jam
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzam$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zem$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐm³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: dim$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tim³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chim
*** Hakka Romanization System: jim
*** Hagfa Pinyim: jim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sim⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: jim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sim⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: céng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛiŋ²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zing$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chìm
*** Tâi-lô: tsìm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cixm
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sim²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sim⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sim²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sim¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sim²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zim$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsìm
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sim²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$cin
*** MiniDict: cin$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$jin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tsimH
Rime :
| Character | 浸 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 子鴆切 |
| Baxter | tsimH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡siɪm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sim$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sjem$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sim$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siəm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭĕm$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡si̯əm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jìn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zam$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsims/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 浸 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 10482 |
| Phonetic component | 侵 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 浸 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsims/ |
| Notes | 說文作濅 |

#### Definitions

浸
* to soak; to sit in water (or liquid)
* to immerse something in water (or liquid)
* (literary) gradually

##### Synonyms

* (to soak):
* 泡 (pào)
* 浸泡 (jìnpào)
* 浸漬 / 浸渍 (jìnzì)
* 浸潯 / 浸浔 (qīnyín) (literary)
* (to immerse): 滲入／渗入 (shènrù), 滲透／渗透 (shèntòu)
* (gradually):
* 慢慢
* 步步 (bùbù)
* 浸漸 / 浸渐 (jìnjiàn) (literary)
* 浸潯 / 浸浔 (qīnyín) (literary)
* 漸次 / 渐次 (jiàncì)
* 漸漸 / 渐渐 (jiànjiàn)
* 稍稍 (shāoshāo)
* 逐步 (zhúbù)
* 逐漸 / 逐渐 (zhújiàn)

#### Compounds

* 受浸 (shòujìn)
* 巨浸
* 施浸 (shījìn)
* 沉浸 (chénjìn)
* 浸信會 / 浸信会 (Jìnxìnhuì)
* 浸入 (jìnrù)
* 浸劑 / 浸剂
* 浸微
* 浸微浸消
* 浸染 (jìnrǎn)
* 浸死
* 浸水 (jìnshuǐ)
* 浸泡 (jìnpào)
* 浸浴 (jìnyù)
* 浸漬 / 浸渍 (jìnzì)
* 浸漸 / 浸渐 (jìnjiàn)
* 浸潤 / 浸润 (jìnrùn)
* 浸潤之譖 / 浸润之谮
* 浸濕 / 浸湿 (jìnshī)
* 浸禮 / 浸礼 (jìnlǐ)
* 浸禮會 / 浸礼会
* 浸種 / 浸种 (jìnzhǒng)
* 浸膏
* 浸蝕 / 浸蚀 (jìnshí)
* 浸製 / 浸制
* 浸透 (jìntòu)
* 濕浸浸 / 湿浸浸

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jìn, qīn (jin$^4$, qin$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣˋ, ㄑㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cam$^1$ / zam$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jìn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jìn
*** Wade–Giles: chin$^4$
*** Yale: jìn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
*** Palladius: цзинь (czinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, literary variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cin
*** Wade–Giles: chʻin$^1$
*** Yale: chīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chin
*** Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cam$^1$ / zam$^3$
*** Yale: chām / jam
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsam$^1$ / dzam$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cem$^1$ / zem$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵/, /t͡sɐm³³/
* Middle Chinese: tshim
Rime :
| Character | 浸 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 七林切 |
| Baxter | tshim |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰim/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰjem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰim/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰiəm/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰĭĕm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sʰi̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cam$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰim/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 浸 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 10485 |
| Phonetic component | 侵 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 侵 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰim/ |

#### Definitions

浸
* Used in compounds.

#### Compounds

* 浸凌
* 浸淫
* 浸漁 / 浸渔
* 浸潯 / 浸浔 (qīnyín)
* 浸潭
* 浸蠹

### Etymology 3

From 沉 (MC drimH).

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zam$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zim$^5$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zam$^6$
*** Yale: jahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzam$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zem$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐm²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zim$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sim³²/

#### Definitions

浸
* (Cantonese) to drown

#### Compounds

* 浸嚫 / 浸𰈍
* 浸底
* 浸死
* 浸豬籠 / 浸猪笼

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): zam$^3$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zam$^3$
*** Yale: jam
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzam$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zem$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐm³³/

#### Definitions

浸
* (Cantonese) Classifier for layers/sections.

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 浸 – see 𠹻 (“classifier for smells (Cantonese)”). (This character is a variant form of 𠹻).

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 浸 |
| Kyūjitai | 浸󠄁 浸+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 浸󠄃 浸+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* immersed
* soak
* dip
* steep
* moisten
* wet
* dunk

#### Readings

* Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
* Kun: ひたす (hitasu, 浸す, Jōyō)、ひたる (hitaru, 浸る, Jōyō)、したし (shitashi, 浸)、しみる (shimiru, 浸みる)、つかる (tsukaru, 浸かる)、つける (tsukeru, 浸ける)、やや (yaya, 浸)、ようやく (yōyaku, 浸く)、つかる (tsukaru, 浸る)

### References

* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1282 (paper), page 692 (digital)

## Korean
### Hanja

浸 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, Yale chim)
* soak, immerse, dip, percolate

## Vietnamese
### Han character

浸: Hán Nôm readings: tắm, rẫm, tẩm, thấm, thâm, trẫm, tẳm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation