# 平

| 平 | U+5E73, &#24179; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E73 |
| ← 干 [U+5E72] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 年 → [U+5E74] |

## Translingual
### Han character

平 (Kangxi radical 51, 干+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一火十 (MFJ), four-corner 1040$_9$, composition ⿻干丷(GHTJV) or ⿻干八(K))

#### Derived characters

* 伻, 呯, 坪, 㛁, 岼, 𪪭, 怦, 抨, 泙, 𨸶, 𫯡, 𪰓, 胓, 枰, 𤇊, 𤘾, 玶, 𨒳, 𪜉, 𬑈, 砰, 秤, 𥹒, 𮈈, 䍈, 䍬, 蚲, 評 (评), 軯, 𨥾, 𢆠, 駍 (𬳴), 鮃 (鲆), 䶄, 𢆊, 𢆕, 㼞, 𨠟, 𪪇, 匉, 𰃯, 苹, 𢆓, 𤵣, 𬔳, 閛, 𡊞

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 339, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9167
* Dae Jaweon: page 646, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 407, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5E73

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 平 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 平 | *ben, *beŋ |
| 怦 | *pʰreːŋ |
| 砰 | *pʰreːŋ |
| 抨 | *pʰreːŋ |
| 閛 | *pʰreːŋ |
| 伻 | *pʰreːŋ |
| 評 | *beŋ, *beŋs |
| 坪 | *beŋ |
| 苹 | *beŋ |
| 枰 | *beŋ, *beŋs |
| 泙 | *beŋ |
| 蚲 | *beŋ |
| 胓 | *beŋ |
| 匉 | *pʰreːŋ |
| 萍 | *beːŋ |
Uncertain. Various explanations include:
* According to the Shuowen, 八 (“division”) + 亏 (“exhaled air”) — the smooth flow of speech.
* Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ben, *beŋ) : phonetic 釆 + semantic 二 (“two equal lines”) (Lin Yiguang, 1920)
* A pictogram (象形) of waterweed spread flat on the surface of water. Original form of 苹 (OC *beŋ, “duckweed”). (Lawrence J. Howell)
* Pictogram (象形) of a balance scale. (Karlgren, 1973)

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(p/b)ljaŋ (“plank; palm; flat surface; wing”), whence Jingpho phun-pyen (phun⁵⁵ pjen³³, “plank”) and Burmese ပြန့် (pran., “flat and even”) (STEDT).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): píng (ping$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pin$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): píng
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): pín
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): пин (pin, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ping$^4$ / peng$^4$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): peang$^4$ / poeng$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): pen$^3$ / piang$^3$
    (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): ping$^4$
* Gan (Wiktionary): piang$^2$ / pin$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): phiàng / phìn
    (Hailu, HRS): piang / pin
    (Meixian, Guangdong): pin$^2$ / piang$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ping$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): běng / biâng
* Eastern Min (BUC): bàng / bìng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ba$^2$ / baⁿ$^2$ / bia$^2$ / biaⁿ$^2$ / bing$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pîⁿ / pêⁿ / piâⁿ / piêⁿ / pêng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bên$^5$ / pêng$^5$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): be$^5$ / ping$^5$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): bang$^4$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^6$bin / $^2$bin
** (Jinhua): $^2$bin
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bin$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: píng
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: píng
*** Wade–Giles: pʻing$^2$
*** Yale: píng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyng
*** Palladius: пин (pin)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiŋ³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: pin$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pin
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰin²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: píng
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiŋ²⁴/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: pín
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): pin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰĩ²⁴/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: пин (pin, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiŋ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ping$^4$ / peng$^4$
*** Yale: pìhng / pèhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ping$^4$ / peng$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ping$^4$ / péng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɪŋ²¹/, /pʰɛːŋ²¹/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: peang$^4$ / poeng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰəŋ²¹/, /pʰøŋ²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: pen$^3$ / piang$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰen²²/, /pʰiaŋ²²/
** (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
*** Jyutping++: ping$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɪŋ⁴²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: piang$^2$ / pin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiaŋ²⁴/, /pʰin²⁴/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phiàng / phìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: piang$^ˇ$ / pin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: piang$^2$ / pin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰi̯aŋ¹¹/, /pʰin¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: piang / pin
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰiaŋ⁵⁵/, /pʰin⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: pin$^2$ / piang$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰin¹¹/, /pʰiaŋ¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ping$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰiŋ¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: běng / biâng
*** Sinological IPA : /peiŋ²¹/, /piaŋ³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bàng / bìng
*** Sinological IPA : /paŋ⁵³/, /piŋ⁵³/
* bàng - colloquial;
* bìng - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit平 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /pʰiŋ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /pʰiŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /pʰiŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /pʰiŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /pʰiŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /pʰiŋ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /pʰiŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /pʰiə̃²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /pʰiŋ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /pʰĩn⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /pʰiŋ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /pʰin²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /pʰin³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /pʰin²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /pʰĩ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /pʰin²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /pʰin⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /pʰiəŋ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /pʰiŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /pʰĩŋ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /biŋ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /bin¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /bin²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /beŋ³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /pʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /pʰɛ⁴⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /pin¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /bin¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /pʰiɑŋ²⁴/ /pʰin²⁴/ ～時 |
| Hakka | Meixian | /pʰin¹¹/ 和～ /pʰiaŋ¹¹/ 唔～ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /pʰiɑŋ¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /pʰeŋ²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /pʰeŋ²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /pʰiŋ²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /piŋ³⁵/ /pĩ³⁵/ ～～路 |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /piŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /peiŋ²¹/ 太～ /piaŋ³³/ ～均 |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /pʰeŋ⁵⁵/ /pẽ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /feŋ³¹/ /ʔbɛ³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: bjaeng
Rime :
| Character | 平 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (111) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 符兵切 |
| Baxter | bjaeng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠiæŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚiaŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biaŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /biajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /biɐŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭɐŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯ɐŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | píng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ping$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*breŋ/, /*m-breŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*beŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 平 | 平 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | píng | píng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bjæng › | ‹ bjæng › |
| Old Chinese | /*breŋ/ | /*m-breŋ/ |
| English | even (adj.) | make even |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 平 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 9818 |
| Phonetic component | 平 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 平 |
| Old Chinese | /*beŋ/ |

#### Definitions

平
* level; even; flat
    平放 ― píng fàng ― to put horizontally
    平原 ― píngyuán ― plain
    馬路很平。／马路很平。 ― Mǎlù hěn píng. ― The road is very flat.
* equal; fair
    平分 ― píngfēn ― to divide evenly
    持平 ― chípíng ― impartial
    Synonym: 均 (jūn)
* equal
    平輩／平辈 ― píngbèi ― same generation
    平起平坐 ― píngqǐpíngzuò ― to be on an equal footing
    平了世界紀錄／平了世界纪录 ― píng le shìjiè jìlù ― equalled a world record
    雙方打成五平。／双方打成五平。 ― Shuāngfāng dǎ chéng wǔ píng. ― They reached 5-5.
* to level; to make level
* calm; peaceful
    Synonyms: 穩 / 稳 (wěn), 靜 / 静 (jìng)
    太平 ― tàipíng ― peaceful and tranquil
    風平浪靜／风平浪静 ― fēngpínglàngjìng ― to have no waves
    心平氣和／心平气和 ― xīnpíngqìhé ― even-tempered and good-humoured
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Guó zhì érhòu tiānxià píng. [Pinyin]
    Their states being rightly governed, the whole kingdom was made tranquil and happy.
* to calm down; to make peaceful; to quiet down
    平民憤／平民愤 ― píng mínfèn ― to assuage popular indignation
    你先平平氣！／你先平平气！ ― Nǐ xiān píng píng qì! ― Just calm down a bit first!
* to pacify
    平叛 ― píngpàn ― to suppress a rebellion
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on Bernhard Karlgren's version
    Sāngluàn jì píng, jì ān qiě níng. [Pinyin]
    When death and disorder has been settled, there is calm and peace.
* ordinary; common; mediocre; average
    Synonyms: 常 (cháng), 庸
    Antonyms: 奇, 特 (tè)
    平日 ― píngrì ― normal days
    平凡 ― píngfán ― ordinary
    平民 ― píngmín ― civilian
* (Chinese phonetics) level tone (one of the four tones in Middle Chinese)
    平上去入 ― píngshǎngqùrù ― the four tones of Middle Chinese: level, rising, departing and checked
    陽平／阳平 ― yángpíng ― light level tone
* (Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min) cheap; inexpensive
    Antonym: 貴 / 贵
    平機票／平机票 [Cantonese] ― peng$^4$ gei$^1$ piu$^3$ [Jyutping] ― cheap air tickets
       peng$^4$ di$^1$ dak$^1$ m$^4$ dak$^1$ aa$^3$? [Jyutping]
       Can it be cheaper?
       bat$^1$ jyu$^4$ peng$^4$ peng$^{4-2}$ dei$^{6-2}$ maai$^6$ bei$^2$ ngo$^5$ laa$^1$. [Jyutping]
       What about selling it to me at a lower price?
** (Can we date this quote?), “海南鷄飯”, 张少林 [Chong Sau Lin] (lyrics), 伍佰 [Wu Bai] (music)‎performed by 张少林 [Chong Sau Lin]:
       The price is average, quite cheap
* (Southern Min, Hakka) the same
       i$^1$ gah$^4$ ua$^2$ bên$^5$ guin$^5$. [Peng'im]
       He is as tall as me.
* (historical) Short for 北平 (Běipíng).
    平津戰役／平津战役 ― Píng Jīn zhànyì ― Pingjin campaign
* Short for 平方米 (píngfāngmǐ, “square metre”). Used with numbers without classifiers.
* A surname, number 95 of the Baijiaxing

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 便宜, 低廉, 低賤 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 便宜, 賤 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 便宜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 便宜, 賤 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 便宜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 便宜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 便宜, 賤 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 便宜, 賤 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 便宜, 賤 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 便宜, 賤 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 便宜, 賤 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 便宜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 便宜, 賤 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 便宜 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 便宜 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 便宜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 相因, 便宜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 便宜, 相因 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 相因 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 便宜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 便宜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 便宜, 划廉 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 便宜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 巧, 便宜 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 平 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 平 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 平 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 平 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 便宜, 平 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 平 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 平 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 平 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 平 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 平, 便宜 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 平宜 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 平 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 平, 抵得 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 平 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 平 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 平枯 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 平 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 平 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 平 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 平 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 平 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 平, 平宜 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 平 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 平 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 平 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 平 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 便宜 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 便宜 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 便宜, 平 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 便宜, 平 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 平 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 平, 便宜 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 平 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 平 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 平 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 便宜, 平 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 平 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 平, 便宜 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) | 平, 便宜 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) | 平, 便宜 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 平 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 便宜 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 便宜 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 便宜, 賤 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 便宜, 賤 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 便宜 |
| Northern Min | Nanping (Xiayang, Yanping) | 便宜 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 便宜 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 便宜 |
| Northern Min | Shunchang (Yangdun) | 平 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 平 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 平 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 便宜 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 便宜, 賤 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 俗, 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 俗, 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 俗, 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 俗 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 俗, 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 俗, 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 偏 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 俗 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 便 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 便 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 便 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 便 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 便 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 便宜 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 便宜 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 相因 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 相因 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 平 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 平 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 平 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 便宜, 𠼢 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 便宜, 𠼢 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 便宜, 𠼢 |
| Wu | Danyang | 便宜, 賤 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 便宜, 𠼢 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 便宜, 𠼢 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 鬆, 便宜 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 便宜, 賤 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 便宜 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 便宜 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 便宜, 賤 |

##### See also

The tones (of Chinese) in Mandarin · 聲調 / 声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text) :
| | 平仄 (píngzè) | 平仄 (píngzè) | 平 (píng) 平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) | 平 (píng) 平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) | 仄 (zè) 仄聲 / 仄声 (zèshēng) |
| | 平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù) 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù) 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 平 (píng) 平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) | 平 (píng) 平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng) | 上 (shǎng) 上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng) | 上 (shǎng) 上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng) | 去 (qù) 去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng) | 去 (qù) 去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng) | 入 (rù) 入聲 / 入声 (rùshēng) | 入 (rù) 入聲 / 入声 (rùshēng) |
| 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 / 标调法 | 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 | 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 | ꜀◌ | ꜀◌ | ꜂◌ | ꜂◌ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜆ | ◌꜆ |
| 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 / 标调法 | [Term?] | [Term?] | ◌〪 | ◌〪 | ◌〫 | ◌〫 | ◌〬 | ◌〬 | ◌〭 | ◌〭 |
| 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 / 标调法 | 傍點 / 傍点 | 傍點 / 傍点 | ∅ | ∅ | ◌〮 | ◌〮 | ◌〯 | ◌〯 | ∅ | ∅ |
| | 四聲八調 / 四声八调 | 四聲八調 / 四声八调 | 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng) | 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng) | 陰上 / 阴上 (yīnshǎng) | 陽上 / 阳上 (yángshǎng) | 陰去 / 阴去 (yīnqù) | 陽去 / 阳去 (yángqù) | 陰入 / 阴入 (yīnrù) | 陽入 / 阳入 (yángrù) |
| | 陰 / 阴 (yīn) | 陽 / 阳 (yáng) | 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng) | 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng) | 陰上 / 阴上 (yīnshǎng) | 陽上 / 阳上 (yángshǎng) | 陰去 / 阴去 (yīnqù) | 陽去 / 阳去 (yángqù) | 陰入 / 阴入 (yīnrù) | 陽入 / 阳入 (yángrù) |
| 標調方法 / 标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法 / 标调法 | 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 | 四角標調法 / 四角标调法 | ꜀◌ | ꜁◌ | ꜂◌ | ꜃◌ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜅ | ◌꜆ | ◌꜇ |
The tones (of Standard Mandarin) in Mandarin · 聲調 / 声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text) :
| 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng) 一聲 / 一声 | 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng) 一聲 / 一声 | 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng) 二聲 / 二声 (èrshēng) | 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng) 二聲 / 二声 (èrshēng) | 上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng) 三聲 / 三声 (sānshēng) | 上聲 / 上声 (shǎngshēng) 三聲 / 三声 (sānshēng) | 去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng) 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 去聲 / 去声 (qùshēng) 四聲 / 四声 (sìshēng) | 輕聲 / 轻声 (qīngshēng) | 輕聲 / 轻声 (qīngshēng) |

#### Compounds

* 一波未平，一波又起 (yī bō wèi píng, yī bō yòu qǐ)
* 一碗水往平處端 / 一碗水往平处端
* 一馬平川 / 一马平川 (yīmǎpíngchuān)
* 下平
* 三平二滿 / 三平二满
* 三通一平
* 不平 (bùpíng)
* 不平之氣 / 不平之气
* 不平之鳴 / 不平之鸣 (bùpíngzhīmíng)
* 不平則鳴 / 不平则鸣 (bùpíngzémíng)
* 不平等待遇
* 不平等條約 / 不平等条约 (bùpíngděng tiáoyuē)
* 不平而鳴 / 不平而鸣
* 不登高山，不顯平地 / 不登高山，不显平地
* 亂極則平 / 乱极则平
* 二滿三平 / 二满三平
* 低平 (dīpíng)
* 依流平進 / 依流平进
* 公平 (gōngpíng)
* 削平
* 剷平 / 铲平 (chǎnpíng)
* 北平 (Běipíng)
* 北平故宮 / 北平故宫
* 升平 (shēngpíng)
* 南平 (Nánpíng)
* 南平 (Nánpíng)
* 吃太平飯 / 吃太平饭
* 向平之願 / 向平之愿
* 君平
* 和平 (hépíng)
* 嘉平
* 四平八穩 / 四平八稳 (sìpíngbāwěn)
* 土平
* 地平天成
* 地平線 / 地平线 (dìpíngxiàn)
* 坦平 (tǎnpíng)
* 填平 (tiánpíng)
* 太平 (tàipíng)
* 天平 (tiānpíng)
* 太平公主 (Tàipíng Gōngzhǔ)
* 太平店 (Tàipíngdiàn)
* 太平溪 (Tàipíngxī)
* 夷平 (yípíng)
* 夷為平地 / 夷为平地 (yíwéipíngdì)
* 如履平地 (rú lǚ píngdì)
* 子平
* 安平 (ānpíng)
* 安平古堡
* 安平港
* 尸鳩之平 (shījiū zhī píng)
* 市平
* 平一
* 平上去入
* 平下氣 / 平下气
* 平不答的
* 平世
* 平亂 / 平乱 (píngluàn)
* 平交
* 平人 (píngrén)
* 平仄 (píngzè)
* 平伏
* 平作
* 平伸
* 平信 (píngxìn)
* 平假名 (píngjiǎmíng)
* 平價 / 平价 (píngjià)
* 平允 (píngyǔn)
* 平光 (píngguāng)
* 平凡 (píngfán)
* 平分 (píngfēn)
* 平列 (píngliè)
* 平劇 / 平剧 (píngjù)
* 平動 / 平动
* 平勻 / 平匀
* 平半
* 平南 (Píngnán)
* 平原 (píngyuán)
* 平反 (píngfǎn)
* 平叛 (píngpàn)
* 平台 (píngtái)
* 平和
* 平善
* 平圓 / 平圆
* 平土機 / 平土机
* 平地 (píngdì)
* 平均 (píngjūn)
* 平坦 (píngtǎn)
* 平埔
* 平壤 (Píngrǎng)
* 平天下 (píngtiānxià)
* 平天冠
* 平天大帝
* 平夷
* 平妥
* 平妖傳 / 平妖传
* 平安 (píng'ān)
* 平定 (píngdìng)
* 平家物語 / 平家物语
* 平寇 (píngkòu)
* 平寧 / 平宁
* 平實 / 平实 (píngshí)
* 平射
* 平局 (píngjú)
* 平居
* 平屋
* 平展
* 平山冷燕
* 平山堂
* 平川 (píngchuān)
* 平帖
* 平常 (píngcháng)
* 平平
* 平年 (píngnián)
* 平底 (píngdǐ)
* 平康 (píngkāng)
* 平庸 (píngyōng)
* 平復 / 平复 (píngfù)
* 平心
* 平快車 / 平快车
* 平息 (píngxī)
* 平房 (píngfáng)
* 平手 (píngshǒu)
* 平抑
* 平抬
* 平撇
* 平撫 / 平抚 (píngfǔ)
* 平擊球 / 平击球
* 平攤 / 平摊 (píngtān)
* 平放
* 平政院 (píngzhèngyuàn)
* 平整 (píngzhěng)
* 平文 (píngwén)
* 平方 (píngfāng)
* 平日 (píngrì)
* 平旦
* 平明 (píngmíng)
* 平昔 (píngxī)
* 平易 (píngyì)
* 平星 (Píngxīng)
* 平時 / 平时 (píngshí)
* 平曉 / 平晓
* 平曠 / 平旷 (píngkuàng)
* 平月
* 平服
* 平板 (píngbǎn)
* 平林 (pínglín)
* 平梁
* 平楚
* 平樂 / 平乐 (Pínglè)
* 平槽
* 平橋 / 平桥 (Píngqiáo)
* 平權 / 平权 (píngquán)
* 平正 (píngzhèng)
* 平步青雲 / 平步青云 (píngbùqīngyún)
* 平毀 / 平毁 (pínghuǐ)
* 平民 (píngmín)
* 平水
* 平沙落雁
* 平治 (píngzhì)
* 平沽
* 平泛
* 平河 (Pínghé)
* 平泉莊 / 平泉庄
* 平津
* 平流
* 平淡 (píngdàn)
* 平添 (píngtiān)
* 平滑 (pínghuá)
* 平溪 (Píngxī)
* 平準 / 平准
* 平漢鐵路 / 平汉铁路
* 平潭 (Píngtán)
* 平爐 / 平炉
* 平版 (píngbǎn)
* 平王
* 平生 (píngshēng)
* 平畫求長 / 平画求长
* 平疇 / 平畴
* 平白 (píngbái)
* 平皋
* 平直 (píngzhí)
* 平視 / 平视 (píngshì)
* 平秩
* 平移 (píngyí)
* 平穩 / 平稳 (píngwěn)
* 平空 (píngkōng)
* 平等 (píngděng)
* 平米 (píngmǐ)
* 平糴 / 平籴
* 平糶 / 平粜
* 平紋 / 平纹 (píngwén)
* 平素 (píngsù)
* 平絨 / 平绒
* 平綏鐵路 / 平绥铁路
* 平緩 / 平缓 (pínghuǎn)
* 平羅 / 平罗 (Píngluó)
* 平聲 / 平声 (píngshēng)
* 平胡
* 平脈 / 平脉
* 平胸 (píngxiōng)
* 平臥 / 平卧 (píngwò)
* 平臺 / 平台 (píngtái)
* 平色
* 平莽
* 平落
* 平蕪 / 平芜
* 平行 (píngxíng)
* 平衍
* 平衡 (pínghéng)
* 平表
* 平裝 / 平装 (píngzhuāng)
* 平補 / 平补
* 平西
* 平角 (píngjiǎo)
* 平話 / 平话 (pínghuà)
* 平調 / 平调
* 平議 / 平议 (píngyì)
* 平起平坐 (píngqǐpíngzuò)
* 平足 (píngzú)
* 平跟
* 平路
* 平蹉
* 平身 (píngshēn)
* 平躺 (píngtǎng)
* 平車 / 平车 (píngchē)
* 平輩 / 平辈 (píngbèi)
* 平通
* 平遙 / 平遥 (Píngyáo)
* 平郵 / 平邮 (píngyóu)
* 平野 (píngyě)
* 平量
* 平金
* 平釘 / 平钉
* 平針縫 / 平针缝
* 平鉋 / 平刨
* 平鋪 / 平铺
* 平鋪直敘 / 平铺直叙 (píngpūzhíxù)
* 平鎮 / 平镇 (Píngzhèn)
* 平闊 / 平阔
* 平阜
* 平陸 / 平陆 (Pínglù)
* 平陽 / 平阳 (píngyáng)
* 平隴望蜀 / 平陇望蜀
* 平雕
* 平靖
* 平靜 / 平静 (píngjìng)
* 平面 (píngmiàn)
* 平章
* 平韻 / 平韵
* 平頂 / 平顶
* 平順 / 平顺 (píngshùn)
* 平頭 / 平头 (píngtóu)
* 平風靜浪 / 平风静浪
* 平飛球 / 平飞球
* 平魚 / 平鱼 (píngyú)
* 庫平 / 库平
* 延平 (Yánpíng)
* 延平郡王 (Yánpíng Jùnwáng)
* 弭平
* 心和氣平 / 心和气平
* 心平氣和 / 心平气和 (xīnpíngqìhé)
* 心平氣定 / 心平气定
* 心平靜氣 / 心平静气
* 性平 (xìngpíng)
* 恩平 (Ēnpíng)
* 悉平
* 扁平 (biǎnpíng)
* 打太平拳
* 打平 (dǎpíng)
* 扯平 (chěpíng)
* 找平
* 承平 (chéngpíng)
* 抹平 (mǒpíng)
* 拉平 (lāpíng)
* 持平 (chípíng)
* 掃平 / 扫平
* 揃平
* 摩平
* 撫平 / 抚平 (fǔpíng)
* 擺平 / 摆平 (bǎipíng)
* 攤平 / 摊平
* 放平
* 敉平 (mǐpíng)
* 昇平 / 升平 (shēngpíng)
* 昌平 (Chāngpíng)
* 氣憤難平 / 气愤难平
* 水平 (shuǐpíng)
* 治平 (Zhìpíng)
* 泰平 (tàipíng)
* 泰階平 / 泰阶平
* 海平階 / 海平阶
* 清平 (qīngpíng)
* 漢語水平考試 / 汉语水平考试 (Hànyǔ Shuǐpíng Kǎoshì)
* 熹平
* 牟平 (Mùpíng)
* 瑞平 (Ruìpíng)
* 生平 (shēngpíng)
* 生態平衡 / 生态平衡 (shēngtài pínghéng)
* 真平
* 短平快 (duǎnpíngkuài)
* 砥平繩直 / 砥平绳直
* 磨平
* 萬丈高樓平地起 / 万丈高楼平地起 (wànzhàng gāolóu píngdì qǐ)
* 秤平斗滿
* 興平 / 兴平 (Xīngpíng)
* 茌平
* 蕩平 / 荡平 (dàngpíng)
* 衡平
* 角平分線 / 角平分线 (jiǎo píngfēnxiàn)
* 討平 / 讨平
* 詳平 / 详平
* 跌四平
* 踏平 (tàpíng)
* 躧平 / 𰸐平
* 躺平 (tǎngpíng)
* 逆入平出
* 透平機 / 透平机 (tòupíngjī)
* 鋪平 / 铺平 (pūpíng)
* 鏟平 / 铲平 (chǎnpíng)
* 長平之戰 / 长平之战
* 開平 / 开平 (Kāipíng)
* 開平盤 / 开平盘
* 關平 / 关平
* 陰平 / 阴平 (yīnpíng)
* 陳平分肉 / 陈平分肉
* 陽平 / 阳平 (yángpíng)
* 風平波息 / 风平波息
* 風平浪靜 / 风平浪静 (fēngpínglàngjìng)
* 風靜浪平 / 风静浪平
* 饒平 / 饶平 (Ráopíng)
* 高平 (gāopíng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 平(へい) (hei)
* → Korean: 평(平) (pyeong)
* → Vietnamese: bình (平)
Others:
* → Iu Mien: baengh (“level”)
* → Proto-Palaungic: *-pre/iŋ (“equal, level”) (Sidwell, 2015)
* → Proto-Tai: *biangᴬ (“flat, even”)
** Lao: ພຽງ (phīang, “flat, even, equal”)
** Lü: ᦵᦗᧂ (peng, “flat, even, equal”)
** Northern Thai: ᨻ᩠ᨿᨦ (“flat, even, equal”)
** Shan: ပဵင်း (páeng, “flat, even, equal”)
** Thai: เพียง (piiang, “equal, as, only, just”)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pián (pian$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄢˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pián
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pián
*** Wade–Giles: pʻien$^2$
*** Yale: pyán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyan
*** Palladius: пянь (pjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi̯ɛn³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: bjien
Rime :
| Character | 平 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 房連切 |
| Baxter | bjien |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /biᴇn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /biɛn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bjæn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /bian/ |
| Li Rong | /biɛn/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭɛn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱi̯ɛn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pián |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pin$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]en/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ben/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 平 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | pián |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bjien › |
| Old Chinese | /*[b]en/ |
| English | distinguish; punctiious |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 平 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 9812 |
| Phonetic component | 平 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 便 |
| Old Chinese | /*ben/ |

#### Definitions

平
* Alternative form of 辨

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bìng (bing$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄥˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bìng
*** Wade–Giles: ping$^4$
*** Yale: bìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: binq
*** Palladius: бин (bin)
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

平
* (obsolete) to control prices

### Pronunciation 4

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phiâⁿ / phêⁿ / phîⁿ
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phiâⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: phiânn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phviaa
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiã²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /pʰiã²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiã¹³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: phênn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phvee
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɛ̃¹³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phîⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: phînn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phvii
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰĩ²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰĩ²⁴/

#### Definitions

平
* (Hokkien) to win back (what was lost)
* (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to rectify by making it flat (of land, etc.)

#### Compounds

* 平倒轉 / 平倒转
* 平本

### Pronunciation 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 平 – see 抨 (“to shoot with a catapult; to pat; to beat; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 抨).

### References

* “平”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01192

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 平 |
| Kyūjitai | 平󠄁 平+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 平󠄃 平+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

#### Readings

From Middle Chinese 平 (MC bjaeng):
* Go-on: びょう (byō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: へい (hei, Jōyō)
* Tō-on: ひん (hin)
* Kan’yō-on: ひょう (hyō)
From Middle Chinese 平 (MC bjien), as an alternative form for 弁:
* Go-on: べん (ben)
* Kan-on: へん (hen)
From native Japanese roots:
* Kun: たいら (taira, 平ら, Jōyō)、たいら (taira, 平)、たいらか (tairaka, 平らか)、たいらぐ (tairagu, 平らぐ)、たいらげる (tairageru, 平らげる)、ひら (hira, 平, Jōyō)、ひらに (hirani, 平に)
* Nanori: おさむ (osamu)、さね (sane)、たいら (taira)、たか (taka)、つね (tsune)、とし (toshi)、なり (nari)、なる (naru)、はかる (hakaru)、ひとし (hitoshi)、まさる (masaru)、もち (mochi)、よし (yoshi)

#### Compounds

* 平(ピン)和(フ) (pinfu)
* 難(なん)平(ぴん) (nanpin)
* 半平(はんぺん) (hanpen)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* ひら Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
⟨pi$_1$ra⟩ → /pʲira/ → /ɸira/ → /hira/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pira.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひら [híꜜrà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [çiɾa̠]

#### Noun

平(ひら) • (hira)
* something flat; flattened
* something ordinary, common, mediocre
* a person of low-ranking status
** a freshman
** a novice
** a private
* the top ridge of a roof parallel to the side of a building (Can we verify this sense?)
* Short for 平織 (hiraori, “plain weave”).
* in bookbinding, the flat part of a cover (Can we verify this sense?)
* Short for 平椀 (hirawan).

##### Derived terms

* 枚(ひら) (hira)
* 平(ひら)泳(およ)ぎ (hiraoyogi)
* 平(ひら)仮名(がな) (hiragana)
* 平(ひら)日(び) (hirabi)

#### Prefix

平(ひら) • (hira-)
* single-minded (Can we verify this sense?)
    connects to a noun

#### Proper noun

平(ひら) • (Hira)
* a female given name
* a surname

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* たいら Grade: 3
* kun'yomi
⟨tapi$_1$ra⟩ → /tapʲira/ → /taɸira/ → /tawira/ → /taira/
Nominalization of adjective 平ら (taira, “flat, level”).

#### Noun

平(たいら) • (taira)
* a plain, flat (Can we verify this sense?)

#### Proper noun

平(たいら) • (Taira)
* a surname, especially of those descended from imperial lineage ineligible for the Chrysanthemum Throne:
** the 桓武平氏 (Kanmu Heishi), from Emperor Kanmu
** the 仁明平氏 (Ninmyō Heishi), from Emperor Ninmyō
** the 文徳平氏 (Montoku Heishi), from Emperor Montoku, and
** the 光孝平氏 (Kōkō Heishi), from Emperor Kōkō
* a placename, especially in Iwaki city, Fukushima Prefecture
* a male given name

##### Derived terms

* 松(まつ)平(だいら) (Matsudaira)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* へい Grade: 3
* kan'on
From Middle Chinese 平 (MC bjaeng).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) へー [héꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [he̞ː]

#### Noun

平(へい) • (hei)
* something neither high nor low
* something calm

#### Affix

平(へい) • (hei)
* even, flat, level
* flatten, level
* uniform
* calm, gentle, peaceful
* common, ordinary, usual
* Short for 平氏 (Heishi) or 平家 (Heike): Taira clan
* (mathematics) square, square root

##### Derived terms

* 平(へい)均(きん) (heikin)
* 平(へい)日(じつ) (heijitsu)
* 平(へい)凡(ぼん) (heibon)
* 平(へい)野(や) (heiya)
* 平(へい)和(わ) (heiwa)
* 源(げん)平(ぺい) (Genpei)

#### Proper noun

平(へい) • (Hei)
* a surname

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* ひょう Grade: 3
* kan'yōon
/pʲau/ → /ɸʲɔː/ → /hʲoː/
Possibly from Middle Chinese 平 (MC bjaeng).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひょー [hyóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ço̞ː]

#### Noun

平(ひょう) • (hyō)
* Short for 平韻 (hyōin): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
* Short for 平調 (hyōjō): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Affix

平(ひょう) • (hyō)
* Short for 平声 (hyōshō): the level tone in Middle Chinese

### Etymology 5

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* びょう Grade: 3
* goon
/bʲau/ → /bʲɔː/ → /bʲoː/
From Middle Chinese 平 (MC bjaeng).

#### Affix

平(びょう) • (byō)
* impartial, unbiased

### Etymology 6

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* Grade: 3
* nanori
Nominalization of classical verb おさむ (osamu), modern おさめる (osameru, multiple definitions in kanji).

#### Proper noun

平(おさむ) • (Osamu)
* a surname
* a male given name (Can we verify this sense?)

### Etymology 7

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* Grade: 3
* nanori
Nominalization of classical adjective 等し (hitoshi), modern 等しい (hitoshii, “equal, same”).

#### Proper noun

平(ひとし) • (Hitoshi)
* a surname
* a male given name

### Etymology 8

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* Grade: 3
* nanori
Nominalization of classical adjective 広し (hiroshi), modern 広い (hiroi, “vast, wide”).

#### Proper noun

平(ひろし) • (Hiroshi)
* a male given name

### Etymology 9

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* Grade: 3
* nanori
Nominalization of classical adjective 安し (yasushi), modern 安い (yasui, “peaceful, quiet”).

#### Proper noun

平(やすし) • (Yasushi)
* a male given name (Can we verify this sense?)

### Etymology 10

* Kanji in this term
* 平
* Grade: 3
* nanori
Nominalization of classical adjective 良し (yoshi), modern 良い (yoi, “good, fine”).

#### Proper noun

平(よし) • (Yoshi)
* a surname

### References

* ↑ “平”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
* ↑ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 772 (paper), page 436 (digital)
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

平 (eumhun 평평할 평 (pyeongpyeonghal pyeong))
* Hanja form of 평 (“to be flat, level, plane”).

#### Derived terms

* 공평 (公平, gongpyeong)
* 평범 (平凡, pyeongbeom)
* 평화 (平和, pyeonghwa)
* 평양 (平壤, pyeong'yang)
* 평야 (平野, pyeong'ya)

## Tày
### Noun

平 (bẳng)
* Nôm form of bẳng (“Indicates an inanimate thing”).

### Particle

平 (bặng)
* Nôm form of bặng (“like; as”).
    麻平赦汾𪥛To come like a thunderstorm

### Verb

平 (phính)
* Nôm form of phính (“to equal”).
    否平喑蕡大棟doesn't equal a taro

### References

* Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎ (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên

## Vietnamese
### Han character

平: Hán Việt readings: bình, biền
平: Nôm readings: bình, bằng, bừng, bường
* Chữ Hán form of bình (“level, flat, peaceful (in compounds)”).

#### Compounds

* 平安 (bình an/bình yên, “peaceful, tranquil”)
* 平定 (Bình Định)
* 平定 (bình định, “subjugation, pacification”)
* 平明 (bình minh, “daybreak”)
* 平常 (bình thường, “normal”)
* 平平 (biền biền)
* 高平 (Cao Bằng)

#### References

* 1 2 3 4 Nguyễn (2014).
* 1 2 3 4 Trần (2004).
* ↑ Trần (1999).
* ↑ Nguyễn (1974).
* 1 2 Thiều Chửu (1942).