OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# tussen
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch tusschen, from Middle Dutch twisschen, tusschen, a shortening of Old Dutch intwiskan, originally a prepositional phrase *in twiskan. The latter word is from Proto-Germanic *twiskaz, *twiskijaz (“twofold, double”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, doubly; in two”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtœ.sən/
* Audio:(file)

### Preposition

tussen
* between
* among, amidst

## Catalan
### Verb

tussen
* third-person plural present indicative of tossir

## Danish
### Noun

tussen c
* definite singular of tus

## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* tusschen (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle Dutch twisschen, tusschen, a shortening of Old Dutch intwiskan, originally a prepositional phrase *in twiskan. The latter word is from Proto-Germanic *twiskaz, *twiskijaz (“twofold, double”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwís (“twice, doubly; in two”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtʏsə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: tus‧sen
* Rhymes: -ʏsən

### Preposition

tussen
* between
    Je middelvinger zit tussen je wijsvinger en je ringvinger.Your middle finger is between your index finger and your ring finger.
    Als ik moest kiezen tussen jou en hem, zou ik altijd voor jou kiezen.If I had to choose between you and him, I would always choose you.
    Wat is het verschil tussen krokodillen en alligators?What is the difference between crocodiles and alligators?
* among, amidst
    Ik kon je niet vinden tussen al die mensen.I couldn't find you among all those people.

#### Derived terms

* tussendoor (“in-between, through the middle of”)
* tussenin (“in-between”)
* tussengelegen (“lying between”)
* tussenribs (“between the ribs, intercostal”)
* tussentijds (“interim”)
* intussen (“meanwhile, in the meantime”)
* ondertussen (“meanwhile, in the meantime”)
* tussenbeide (“in-between both”)
* tussendeur f (“dividing door between two rooms”)
* tussenjaar n (“gap year”)
* tussenkop m (“subheader, subhead”)
* tussenletter f (“intermediary letter”)
* tussenpaus m (“intermediary pope”)
* tussenpauze m or f (“break, interlude”)
* tussenpersoon m or f (“mediator, middleman”)
* tussenpoos f (“interval of time”)
* tussenpunt n (“midpoint, waypoint”)
* tussenruimte f (“an intervening space, interstice, space, gap”)
* tussenschot n (“partition, septum”)
* tussenstap m (“intermediate step”)
* tussenstekker m (“plug through socket”)
* tussenstop m (“stopover, layover”)
* tussentaal f
* tussentijd m (“time in-between two events; meantime”)
* tussentitel m (“subtitle, subordinate heading, intertitle”)
* tussenkomen (“to intervene”)
* tussenwerpen (“to throw between or among; to interject”)

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: tussen
* Berbice Creole Dutch: tosn
* Negerhollands: tyssen, tuschen

## Swedish
### Noun

tussen
* definite singular of tuss
# òdpòwiedzec
## Kashubian
### Etymology

From òd- +‎ pòwiedzec. Compare Polish odpowiedzieć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wɛt.pwɛˈvjɛ.d͡zɛt͡s/
* Rhymes: -ɛd͡zɛt͡s
* Syllabification: òd‧pò‧wie‧dzec

### Verb

òdpòwiedzec pf (imperfective òdpòwiadac)
* (transitive, intransitive) to answer; to reply; to respond (to respond, either verbally or in written text) [with dative ‘to someone’] [with na (+ accusative) ‘to what (that person said)’]
    Synonym: òdrzec
* (intransitive) to answer for; to answer to (to be responsible for something; to face the negative consequences of something; to be accountable before someone)

#### Derived terms

* òdpòwiédz

### Further reading

* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “odpowiadać, ~wiedzieć”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “odpowiedzieć”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “òdpòwiedzec”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
# heating
## English
### Etymology

From heat +‎ -ing.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhiːtɪŋ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːtɪŋ

### Noun

heating (countable and uncountable, plural heatings)
* A system that raises the temperature of a room or building. Compare heater.
    We're hoping to have the new heating installed before winter.
* The act of making something hot.
    The crucible was subjected to several heatings.
** 1913, The Mineral Industry, volume 21, page 849:After repeated swagings and heatings […]

#### Hyponyms

* baseboard heating
* central heating
* dielectric heating
* district heating
* global heating
* induction heating
* isobaric heating
* Joule heating
* space heating
* steam heating
* tidal heating
* underfloor heating

#### Derived terms

* heating engineer
* heating oil
* heating pad
* heating surface
* house-heating

#### Translations
### Adjective

heating (comparative more heating, superlative most heating)
* Causing heat.

#### Translations
### Verb

heating
* present participle and gerund of heat

### Anagrams

* gahnite, gaineth, haeting
# bachancki
## Polish
### Etymology

From bachant +‎ -cki.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baˈxan.t͡ski/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ant͡ski
* Syllabification: ba‧chan‧cki

### Adjective

bachancki (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational, archaic) Bacchanalian, Bacchanalian's

#### Related terms

* bachiczny
* bachusowy
* bachanalia
* bachanalijka
* bachandria
* bachant
* bachantka
* Bachus
* bachować
* bachusować

### Further reading

* bachancki in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# goworzyć
## Old Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *govorìti. First attested in 1471.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /ɡɔvɔr̝it͡ɕ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ɡɔvɔr̝it͡ɕ/

### Verb

goworzyć impf
* to talk, to discuss
    Synonyms: gatać, rozmawiać
** 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 121:Gadalisczie, movyli, govorzily tractabatis (interrogabat eos: Quid in via tractabatis? Marc 9, 32)[Gadaliście, mowili, goworzyli tractabatis (interrogabat eos: Quid in via tractabatis? Marc 9, 32)]

#### Related terms

* gwar
* gwarzyć impf

#### Descendants

* Polish: gaworzyć

### References

* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “goworzyć”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
# mordisquear
## Spanish
### Etymology

From mordisco +‎ -ear.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /moɾdiskeˈaɾ/ [moɾ.ð̞is.keˈaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: mor‧dis‧que‧ar

### Verb

mordisquear (first-person singular present mordisqueo, first-person singular preterite mordisqueé, past participle mordisqueado)
* (transitive) to nibble

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* mordisqueo

### Further reading

* “mordisquear”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# malomyslný
## Czech
### Etymology

From malý +‎ -o- +‎ mysl +‎ -ný.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmalomɪsl̩niː]

### Adjective

malomyslný (comparative malomyslnější, superlative nejmalomyslnější, adverb malomyslně)
* despondent

#### Derived terms

* malomyslnost

### Further reading

* “malomyslný”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “malomyslný”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “malomyslný”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# cuartos de final
## Galician
### Noun

cuartos de final m pl (plural only)
* (sports, soccer) quarter finals, quarterfinals
    Synonym: cuartos

#### Related terms

* dezaseisavos de final
* oitavos de final
* semifinal
* final

## Spanish
### Noun

cuartos de final m pl (plural only)
* (sports) quarter finals, quarterfinals
    Synonym: cuartos

#### Related terms

* dieciseisavos de final
* final
* octavos de final
* semifinal

### Further reading

* “cuartos de final”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# penetrante
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /penetˈrante/

### Verb

penetrante
* present adverbial active participle of penetri

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

penetrante
* inflection of penetrant:
** strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular
** strong nominative/accusative plural
** weak nominative all-gender singular
** weak accusative feminine/neuter singular

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pe.neˈtran.te/
* Rhymes: -ante
* Hyphenation: pe‧ne‧tràn‧te

### Adjective

penetrante (plural penetranti)
* penetrating, pervasive, piercing, sharp

#### Derived terms

* penetrantemente

### Participle

penetrante (plural penetranti)
* present participle of penetrare

## Latin
### Participle

penetrante
* ablative masculine/feminine/neuter singular of penetrāns

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* penetrãte (obsolete, abbreviation)

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /pe.neˈtɾɐ̃.t͡ʃi/
* (Brazil) IPA: /pe.neˈtɾɐ̃.t͡ʃi/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /pe.neˈtɾɐ̃.te/
* (Portugal) IPA: /pɨ.nɨˈtɾɐ̃.tɨ/
* Hyphenation: pe‧ne‧tran‧te

### Adjective

penetrante m or f (plural penetrantes)
* penetrating (able to pierce of penetrate)
* (figurative) penetrating (demonstrating acute or keen understanding)

#### Related terms

* penetração
* penetrar

## Spanish
### Adjective

penetrante m or f (masculine and feminine plural penetrantes)
* penetrating, piercing, penetrant
* pervasive
* pungent, sharp, poignant (smell)
* insightful, keen, searching
* (figuratively) biting (e.g., biting cold, biting criticism)

#### Related terms

* penetrar

### Further reading

* “penetrante”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Steinseifer
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Steinseifer.

### Proper noun

Steinseifer (plural Steinseifers)
* A surname from German.
    Carrie Steinseifer, b. 1968

#### Related terms

* Stonecipher
* Stonecypher
* Stonesifer

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Steinseifer”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 3, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
* Forebears

## German
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Steinseifer m or f (proper noun, surname, masculine genitive Steinseifers or (with an article) Steinseifer, feminine genitive Steinseifer, plural Steinseifers or Steinseifer)
* a surname

#### Descendants

* → English: Steinseifer, Stonecipher, Stonecypher, Stonesifer
# stepovat
## Czech
### Etymology

From step (“tap dance”) +‎ -ovat.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstɛpovat]
* Rhymes: -ovat
* Hyphenation: ste‧po‧vat

### Verb

stepovat impf
* to tap-dance

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | stepovat, stepovati | Active adjective | stepující |
| Verbal noun | stepování | Passive adjective | stepovaný |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | stepuji, stepuju (coll.) | stepujeme | — | stepujme |
| 2nd person | stepuješ | stepujete | stepuj | stepujte |
| 3rd person | stepuje | stepují, stepujou (coll.) | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive stepovat.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | stepoval | stepovali | stepován | stepováni |
| masculine inanimate | stepoval | stepovaly | stepován | stepovány |
| feminine | stepovala | stepovaly | stepována | stepovány |
| neuter | stepovalo | stepovala | stepováno | stepována |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | stepuje | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | stepujíc | — |
| plural | stepujíce | — |

#### Related terms

* step m inan
* stepař m anim
* stepový

### Further reading

* “stepovati”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “stepovati”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “stepovat”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# bliid
## West Frisian
### Etymology

From Old Frisian *blīthe, *blīth, *blīd, from Proto-West Germanic *blīþī, from Proto-Germanic *blīþiz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bliːt/
* Rhymes: -iːt
* Hyphenation: bliid

### Adjective

bliid
* cheerful, merry

#### Derived terms

* blydskip

### References

* “bliid”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
# acebollado
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /aθeboˈʝado/ [a.θe.β̞oˈʝa.ð̞o]
* IPA: (most of Spain) /aθeboˈʝado/ [a.θe.β̞oˈʝa.ð̞o]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain) /aθeboˈʎado/ [a.θe.β̞oˈʎa.ð̞o]
* IPA: (Latin America) /aseboˈʝado/ [a.se.β̞oˈʝa.ð̞o]
* IPA: (most of Latin America) /aseboˈʝado/ [a.se.β̞oˈʝa.ð̞o]
* IPA: (Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /aseboˈʎado/ [a.se.β̞oˈʎa.ð̞o]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /aseboˈʃado/ [a.se.β̞oˈʃa.ð̞o]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /aseboˈʒado/ [a.se.β̞oˈʒa.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -ado
* Syllabification: a‧ce‧bo‧lla‧do

### Adjective

acebollado (feminine acebollada, masculine plural acebollados, feminine plural acebolladas)
* onion-shaped

#### Derived terms

* cúpula acebollada

### Further reading

* “acebollado”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# masculino
## Galician
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin masculīnus.

### Adjective

masculino (feminine masculina, masculine plural masculinos, feminine plural masculinas)
* masculine, male
* (grammar) masculine (gender)

#### Antonyms

* feminino

#### Derived terms

* masculinidade

### Further reading

* “masculino”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Latin
### Adjective

masculīnō
* dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of masculīnus

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin masculīnus.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /mas.kuˈlĩ.nu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /mas.kuˈlĩ.nu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /maʃ.kuˈlĩ.nu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /mas.kuˈli.no/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mɐʃ.kuˈli.nu/
* Rhymes: -inu, (Brazil) -ĩnu
* Hyphenation: mas‧cu‧li‧no

### Adjective

masculino (feminine masculina, masculine plural masculinos, feminine plural masculinas)
* masculine, male
* men's
    basquete masculino ― men's basketball
* (grammar) masculine

#### Derived terms

* masculinidade

#### Related terms

* másculo
* macho

### Noun

masculino m (plural masculinos, feminine feminino, feminine plural femininos)
* (grammar) masculine
* (Brazil, colloquial) Clipping of time masculino (“men's team”).
* (Brazil, colloquial) Clipping of campeonato masculino (“men's championship”).
* (South Brazil, law enforcement) male individual

#### Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:masculino.

### Further reading

* “masculino”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin masculīnus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maskuˈlino/ [mas.kuˈli.no]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -ino
* Syllabification: mas‧cu‧li‧no

### Adjective

masculino (feminine masculina, masculine plural masculinos, feminine plural masculinas)
* masculine, male

#### Derived terms

* masculinidad
* mirada masculina

#### Related terms

* macho

### Further reading

* “masculino”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# badylarstwo
## Polish
### Etymology

From badylarz +‎ -stwo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.dɘˈlar.stfɔ/
* Rhymes: -arstfɔ
* Syllabification: ba‧dy‧lar‧stwo

### Noun

badylarstwo n
* (colloquial, derogatory) gardening
    Synonym: ogrodnictwo

#### Related terms

* badylarski
* badylasty
* badylkowaty
* badylowaty
* badylowy
* badyl
* badylarka
* badylarz
* badylek

### Further reading

* badylarstwo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* badylarstwo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# badylarski
## Polish
### Etymology

From badylarz +‎ -ski. First attested in 1932.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.dɘˈlar.ski/
* Rhymes: -arski
* Syllabification: ba‧dy‧lar‧ski

### Adjective

badylarski (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational, colloquial, derogatory) gardener's
    Synonym: ogrodniczy

#### Related terms

* badylasty
* badylkowaty
* badylowaty
* badylowy
* badyl
* badylarka
* badylarstwo
* badylarz
* badylek

### References

* ↑ badylarski in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* badylarski in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* badylarski in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# snatching
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsnæt͡ʃɪŋ/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ætʃɪŋ

### Verb

snatching
* present participle and gerund of snatch

### Noun

snatching (plural snatchings)
* The act by which something is snatched.
    Three purse snatchings in the park were reported this week.

#### Derived terms

* purse snatching

### Anagrams

* chantings, stanching
# baseline
## English
### Etymology

From base +‎ line.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbeɪslaɪn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Homophone: bassline

### Noun

baseline (plural baselines)
* A line that is a base for measurement or for construction.
    A laser level generates a convenient baseline for interior work.
* A datum used as the basis for calculation or for comparison.
    We used the last doctor visit to provide baselines for vital statistics.
** 2014, Elizabeth Kolbert, The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Picador, →ISBN, page 176:Currently, about fifty million square miles of land on the planet are ice-free, and this is the baseline that's generally used for calculating human impacts.
* (typography) A line used as the basis for the alignment of glyphs.
    Coordinate terms: beardline, midline, capline, topline
    Several characters typically have descenders below the lower baseline.
* (tennis) The line at the farthest ends of the court indicating the boundary of the area of play.
    The umpire missed the call. The ball hit the baseline.
* (engineering) A configuration of software, hardware, or a process that is established and documented as a point of reference.
    The baseline configuration includes unsupported components.

#### Hypernyms

* line

#### Derived terms

* baselined
* baseline driver
* baseline game
* baseliner
* nonbaseline
* postbaseline
* prebaseline
* rebaseline
* shifting baseline syndrome
* very-long-baseline interferometry

#### Translations
### Verb

baseline (third-person singular simple present baselines, present participle baselining, simple past and past participle baselined)
* (engineering, computing) To provide a baseline for measurement.
** 1993, M.M. Mitchell et al., “Residual Feed Cracking Catalysts”, in Magee & Mitchell, editors, Fluid Catalytic Cracking‎, →ISBN, page 320:Finally, the test was baselined by evaluating the best and poorest catalysts of their respective types by this protocol.
* (tennis) To play from the baseline.
** 2002, Susan Orlean, The Bullfighter Checks Her Makeup‎, →ISBN, page 260:By the time Maggie, who is eight years younger than Manuela, started playing, baselining was no longer enough to win points, so she learned to move around the court more …

### Further reading

* baseline (typography) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* baseline (configuration management) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* baseline (medicine) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* baseline (surveying) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* Balinese, sabeline
# Albers projections
## English
### Noun

Albers projections
* plural of Albers projection
# Malaluan
## Tagalog
### Etymology

From malaluan. Old surname originating in Batangas.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /malaˈluʔan/ [mɐ.lɐˈluː.ʔɐn̪]
* Rhymes: -uʔan
* Syllabification: Ma‧la‧lu‧an

### Proper noun

Malaluan (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜎᜎᜓᜀᜈ᜔)
* a surname from Tagalog, mostly concentrated in Batangas

#### Related terms

* Calalo
* Dimalaluan
* lalo
# entreouvir
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From entre- +‎ ouvir. Compare Spanish entreoír and French entr’ouïr.

### Verb

entreouvir (first-person singular present entreouço or entreoiço, first-person singular preterite entreouvi, past participle entreouvido)
* to hear or overhear indistinctly
    Entreouvi a conversa dos dois enquanto passava pelo corredor.I faintly overheard the conversation between the two while I was walking along the hallway.

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* “entreouvir”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “entreouvir”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “entreouvir”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* “entreouvir”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
# amanat
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian амана́т (amanát, “hostage”), via a Turkic language from Arabic أَمَانَة (ʔamāna, “surety”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /æməˈnɑːt/
* Hyphenation: a‧ma‧nat

### Noun

amanat (plural amanats or amanaty)
* (historical) A Native American hostage taken by Russian colonists.
** 1990, Richard A. Pierce, Russian America: A Biographical Dictionary, page xvii:Kuznetsov — his Aleut name is unknown — had been given to Russian fur traders as an amanat (hostage).
** 2002, European Review of Native American Studies:According to Davydov (1812, 2:54, 132), the chief of the Ugalakhmiut Eyak specially came to Kodiak for a meeting with his son, who was an amanat among the Russians.
** 2005, Grinev, The Tlingit Indians in Russian America, 1741-1867, page 260:Toion Fedor accepted Orthodoxy in the winter of 1795–96 when he lived at Kodiak as an amanat.

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay amanat, from Classical Malay امانت (amanat), from Classical Persian امانت (amānat), from Arabic أَمَانَة (ʔamāna). Doublet of amanah.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈamanat̚/
* Rhymes: -nat, -at, -t
* Hyphenation: ama‧nat

### Noun

amanat (plural amanat-amanat)
* message:
** (communication, linguistics) a communication, or what is communicated; any concept or information conveyed.
    amanat anggaran ― budget message
    Synonym: pesan
** (literature) an underlying theme or conclusion to be drawn from something.
    Synonym: pesan
* statement
    Synonym: keterangan
* instruction; advice; guidance
    Synonym: wejangan

#### Derived terms

* beramanat
* diamanati
* diamanatkan
* mengamanati
* mengamanatkan
* pengamanatan

### References

* ↑ Erwina Burhanuddin, Abdul Gaffar Ruskhan, R.B. Chrismanto (1993) Penelitian kosakata bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia [Research on Arabic vocabulary in Indonesian]‎, Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, →OCLC

### Further reading

* “amanat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Turkmen
### Etymology

From Arabic أَمَانَة (ʔamāna).

### Noun

amanat (definite accusative amanaty, plural amanatlar)
* savings
* safe-keeping