# tosach
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish tosach (“beginning”), from Proto-Celtic *towissākos, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”). Akin to taoiseach. Compare Scottish Gaelic toiseach/tòisich.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /t̪ˠəˈsˠɑx/
* (Connacht) IPA: /ˈt̪ˠɔsˠəx/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈt̪ˠʌsˠa(h)/

### Noun

tosach m (genitive singular tosaigh, nominative plural tosaigh)
* beginning, commencement
    Synonym: tús
    Tosach sláinte codladh. (proverb)Sleep is the first sign of recovery.
* front, front end
* (nautical) bow (of a boat)
* face (of a building etc.)
    Synonyms: éadan, aghaidh
* the lead (in a race etc.)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
tosach
tosaigh
vocative
a thosaigh
a thosacha
genitive
tosaigh
tosach
dative
tosach
tosaigh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an tosach
na tosaigh
genitive
an tosaigh
na dtosach
dative
leis an tosach don tosach
leis na tosaigh :

#### Derived terms

* chun tosaigh (“(facing) forward(s)”)
* i dtosach (“in the beginning, in the front”)
* ó thosach (“from the beginning; at the beginning”)
* tosaí (“forward, striker (in football)”)
* urthosach (“very beginning; forefront, van”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tosach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 72, page 38

### Further reading

* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “tosaċ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 747<
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tosach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Old Irish
### Alternative forms

* tossach

### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *towissākos, from either Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“lead”) or *weyd- (“know, see”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtosax]

### Noun

tosach n (genitive tosaig, nominative plural tosge)
* beginning

#### Inflection

Neuter o-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | tosach$^N$ | tosach$^N$ | tosach$^L$, tosge |
| Vocative | tosach$^N$ | tosach$^N$ | tosach$^L$, tosge |
| Accusative | tosach$^N$ | tosach$^N$ | tosach$^L$, tosge |
| Genitive | tosaig$^L$ | tosach | tosach$^N$ |
| Dative | tosuch$^L$ | toschib | toschib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Derived terms

* ar thosuch
* i tosuch

#### Descendants

* Irish: tosach
* Manx: toshiaght
* Scottish Gaelic: toiseach

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tosach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language