# 支配
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhīpèi
    (Zhuyin): ㄓ ㄆㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^1$ pui$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂-phi
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chi-phòe / chi-phè / ki-phòe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhīpèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄓ ㄆㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhihpèi
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^1$-pʻei$^4$
*** Yale: jr̄-pèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jypey
*** Palladius: чжипэй (čžipɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ pʰeɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^1$ pui$^3$
*** Yale: jī pui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^1$ pui$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^1$ pui$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː⁵⁵ pʰuːi̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂-phi
*** Hakka Romanization System: zii$^ˊ$ pi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zi$^1$ pi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰi⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi-phòe
*** Tâi-lô: tsi-phuè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciphoex
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² pʰue²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si³³ pʰue⁴¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰue²¹/
** (Hokkien: Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi-phè
*** Tâi-lô: tsi-phè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciphex
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰe¹¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki-phòe
*** Tâi-lô: ki-phuè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiphoex
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ki⁴⁴⁻²² pʰue²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ki³³ pʰue⁴¹/

### Verb

支配
* to arrange; to allocate; to manage
    資金支配／资金支配 ― zījīn zhīpèi ― fund management
    合理支配時間／合理支配时间 ― hélǐ zhīpèi shíjiān ― to manage time reasonably; reasonable time management
* to control; to govern; to dominate
    支配地位 ― zhīpèi dìwèi ― dominant position; dominance
    不受金錢支配／不受金钱支配 ― bù shòu jīnqián zhīpèi ― to not be controlled by money

#### Synonyms

* (to arrange):
* 佈局 / 布局 (bùjú)
* 佈置 / 布置 (bùzhì)
* 位置 (wèizhì) (literary)
* 分派 (fēnpài)
* 區劃 / 区划 (qūhuà) (literary)
* 安排 (ānpái)
* 安置 (ānzhì)
* 安頓 / 安顿 (āndùn)
* 打發 / 打发 (dǎfa)
* 排定 (páidìng)
* 措置 (cuòzhì)
* 提調 / 提调 (di$^2$ diau$^4$) (Xiang)
* 擺佈 / 摆布 (bǎibù)
* 施設 / 施设 (shīshè) (literary)
* 組織 / 组织 (zǔzhī)
* 著落 / 着落 (literary)
* 設 / 设 (shè)
* 部署 (bùshǔ)
* 配備 / 配备 (pèibèi) (troops)
* 配列 (pèiliè)
* 鋪排 / 铺排 (pūpái)
* (to control):
* nan-qua+nan-xia:節撙 / nan-qua+nan-xia:节撙
* 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
* 主張 / 主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
* 克制 (kèzhì)
* 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
* 制禦 / 制御 (zhìyù) (literary)
* 制約 / 制约 (zhìyuē)
* 君 (jūn) (literary)
* 執掌 / 执掌 (zhízhǎng)
* 壓制 / 压制 (yāzhì)
* 壓抑 / 压抑 (yāyì)
* 局 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 局限 (júxiàn)
* 左右 (zuǒyòu)
* 把
* 抑制 (yìzhì)
* 把持 (bǎchí)
* 把控 (bǎkòng)
* 把攬 / 把揽 (bǎlǎn)
* 抵制 (dǐzhì)
* 拘束 (jūshù)
* 按 (àn)
* 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
* 控 (literary, or in compounds)
* 控制 (kòngzhì)
* 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
* 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
* 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
* 撥弄 / 拨弄 (bōnòng)
* 撙節 / 撙节 (zǔnjié)
* 操控 (cāokòng)
* 操縱 / 操纵 (cāozòng)
* 擺佈 / 摆布 (bǎibù)
* 擺治 / 摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
* 收斂 / 收敛 (shōuliǎn)
* 束 (literary, or in compounds)
* 束縛 / 束缚 (shùfù)
* 柄 (literary, or in compounds)
* 框 (kuàng)
* 禁錮 / 禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
* 積壓 / 积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
* 節制 / 节制 (jiézhì)
* 管制 (guǎnzhì)
* 管束 (guǎnshù)
* 約束 / 约束 (yuēshù)
* 統御 / 统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
* 統治 / 统治 (tǒngzhì)
* 羈束 / 羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
* 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
* 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
* 鎮 / 镇 (zhèn)
* 限 (xiàn)
* 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 限制 (xiànzhì)
* 駕 / 驾 (jià)
* 駕馭 / 驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 支 | 配 |
| し Grade: 5 | はい Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 支配 (MC tsye phwojH).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しはい [shíꜜhàì] (Atamadaka –)
* (Tokyo) しはい [shìháꜜì] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕiha̠i]

### Noun

支(し)配(はい) • (shihai)
* rule, control, command
* direction, management, governance
* dominance

#### Derived terms

* 支配的(しはいてき) (shihaiteki): dominant
* 支配下(しはいか) (shihaika): someone under one's control or command: a subordinate
* 支配階級(しはいかいきゅう) (shihai kaikyū): the ruling class
* 支配勘定(しはいかんじょう) (shihai kanjō): during the Edo Period, an office under the 勘定奉行(かんじょうぶぎょう) (kanjō bugyō): finance commissioner
* 支配権(しはいけん) (shihaiken): (right or authority of) control or supremacy
* 支配者(しはいしゃ) (shihaisha): a ruler
* 支配所(しはいしょ) (shihaisho): during the Edo Period, a local administration district
* 支配人(しはいにん) (shihainin): a manager
* 総支配人(そうしはいにん) (sōshihainin): a general manager
* 支配力(しはいりょく) (shihairyoku): controlling power; control
* 支配労働量(しはいろうどうりょう) (shihai rōdōryō): in the labor theory of value, a commodity's worth in terms of the amount of labor it would command (i.e., the amount of labor someone would be willing to do in return for that commodity)

### Verb

支(し)配(はい)する • (shihai suru) transitive suru (stem 支(し)配(はい)し (shihai shi), past 支(し)配(はい)した (shihai shita))
* to rule, to control, to command
* to direct, to manage, to govern
* to dominate

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 支配し | しはいし | shihai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 支配し | しはいし | shihai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 支配する | しはいする | shihai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 支配する | しはいする | shihai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 支配すれ | しはいすれ | shihai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 支配せよ¹ 支配しろ² | しはいせよ¹ しはいしろ² | shihai seyo¹ shihai shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 支配される | しはいされる | shihai sareru |
| Causative | 支配させる 支配さす | しはいさせる しはいさす | shihai saseru shihai sasu |
| Potential | 支配できる | しはいできる | shihai dekiru |
| Volitional | 支配しよう | しはいしよう | shihai shiyō |
| Negative | 支配しない | しはいしない | shihai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 支配せず | しはいせず | shihai sezu |
| Formal | 支配します | しはいします | shihai shimasu |
| Perfective | 支配した | しはいした | shihai shita |
| Conjunctive | 支配して | しはいして | shihai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 支配すれば | しはいすれば | shihai sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 支 | 配 |

### Verb

支配
* chữ Hán form of chi phối (“to control”).