# प्राकृत
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्राकृत (prākṛta).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pɾɑːk.ɾɪt̪/, [pɾäːk.ɾɪt̪]

### Proper noun

प्राकृत • (prākŕt) f (Urdu spelling پْرَاکْرَت)
* Prakrit (Middle Indo-Aryan, as opposed to Old Indo-Aryan Sanskrit and late MIA Apabhramsha)
** the Prakrit languages as a group
** any one of the Prakrits

#### Related terms

* प्रकृति (prakŕti)
* प्राकृतिक (prākŕtik)

### Adjective

प्राकृत • (prākŕt) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling پْرَاکْرَت) (literary, rare)
* original, natural
* without any refinement; artless, normal, ordinary, usual
* material, physical
* low, vulgar, unrefined, illiterate
* provincial, vernacular

### Further reading

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “प्राकृत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “प्राकृत”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* Platts, John T. (1884) “प्राकृत”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* “प्राकृत”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.

## Marathi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्राकृत (prākṛta). First attested as Old Marathi प्राकृत (prākṛta).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɾak.ɾut̪/, [pɾak.ɾuːt̪]

### Adjective

प्राकृत • (prākŕt)
* natural
* common, customary, ordinary, usual
* low, vulgar

### Proper noun

प्राकृत • (prākŕt) n
* Prakrit
** the Prakrit languages as a group
** any one of the Prakrits

### Further reading

* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “प्राकृत”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “प्राकृत”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

## Old Marathi
### Adjective

प्राकृत (prākṛta)
* Devanagari script form of 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝 (“unrefined, rough, ordinary, low, vulgar”)

### Noun

प्राकृत (prākṛta) m
* Devanagari script form of 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝 (“common man”)

### Proper noun

प्राकृत (prākṛta) n
* Devanagari script form of 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* প্ৰাকৃত (Assamese script)
* ᬧ᭄ᬭᬵᬓᬺᬢ (Balinese script)
* প্রাকৃত (Bengali script)
* 𑰢𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰎𑰴𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀓𑀾𑀢 (Brahmi script)
* ပြာကၖတ (Burmese script)
* પ્રાકૃત (Gujarati script)
* ਪ੍ਰਾਕ੍ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌪𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌕𑍃𑌤 (Grantha script)
* ꦥꦿꦴꦏꦽꦠ (Javanese script)
* 𑂣𑂹𑂩𑂰𑂍𑃂𑂞 (Kaithi script)
* ಪ್ರಾಕೃತ (Kannada script)
* ប្រាក្ឫត (Khmer script)
* ປ຺ຣາກ຺ຣິຕ (Lao script)
* പ്രാകൃത (Malayalam script)
* ᢒᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡬᡵᡳᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝 (Modi script)
* ᢒᠷᠠᢗᢉᠷᠢᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧂𑧠𑧈𑧑𑦮𑧖𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐎𑐺𑐟 (Newa script)
* ପ୍ରାକୃତ (Odia script)
* ꢦ꣄ꢬꢵꢒꢺꢡ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆥𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆑𑆸𑆠 (Sharada script)
* 𑖢𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖎𑖴𑖝 (Siddham script)
* ප්‍රාකෘත (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩰 𑪙𑩼𑩛𑩜𑩙𑩫 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚞𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚊𑚙 (Takri script)
* ப்ராக்ரித (Tamil script)
* ప్రాకృత (Telugu script)
* ปฺรากฺฤต (Thai script)
* པྲཱ་ཀྲྀ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒣𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒏𑒵𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨞𑩇𑨫𑨊𑨋𑨼𑨉𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Vṛddhi derivative of प्रकृति (prakṛti).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /pɾɑː.kr̩.tɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈpɾɑː.kr̩.t̪ɐ/

### Adjective

प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem
* original, natural
* without any refinement; artless, normal, ordinary, usual
* material, physical
* low, vulgar, unrefined, illiterate
* provincial, vernacular

#### Declension
### Noun

प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem, m
* an ordinary, common, low or vulgar man
** c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.56.22:स वै भगवता तेन युयुधे स्वामिनात्मनः। पुरुषं प्राकृतं मत्वा कुपितो नानुभाववित्॥sa vai bhagavatā tena yuyudhe svāminātmanaḥ. puruṣaṃ prākṛtaṃ matvā kupito nānubhāvavit.Unaware of his true position and thinking his an ordinary man, Jāmbavat angrily began fighting with the Supreme Lord, his master

#### Declension
### Noun

प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem, n
* (linguistics) a provincial or vernacular dialect

#### Declension
### Proper noun

प्राकृत • (prākṛta) stem, n
* Prakrit (Middle-Indo-Aryan languages)
** any one of those languages
** collective term for the Prakrits

### Descendants

* Pali: pākata
** Kannada: ಪಾಗದ (pāgada)
* Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀇𑀅 (pāia)
* Hindustani: prākŕt
    Hindi: प्राकृत
    Urdu: پراکرت
* Indonesian: Prakerta
* Kannada: ಪ್ರಾಕೃತ (prākṛta)
* Khmer: ប្រាក្រឹត (praakrət)
* Old Marathi: prākṛta
    Devanagari script: प्राकृत
    Modi script: 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘵𑘝
** Marathi: प्राकृत (prākŕt)
* → Old Javanese: prākṛta, prakṛta
* Telugu: ప్రాకృతము (prākr̥tamu)
* Thai: ปรากฤต (bpraa-grìt)

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “प्राकृत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 703.
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2025) “prākṛta”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
* Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “प्राकृत”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “प्राकृत”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press