OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wanze
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German wanze, formed with the contractive suffix -ze (cf. Spatz, Heinz) from older Middle and Old High German wantlūs (“bug”, literally “wall louse”), equivalent to Wand + Laus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvantsə/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -antsə
* Hyphenation: Wan‧ze

### Noun

Wanze f (genitive Wanze, plural Wanzen)
* an insect of the suborder Heteroptera, a bug (in the strictest sense)
* (espionage) bug, wire, wiretap
    Synonyms: Abhörgerät, Abhörwanze

#### Derived terms

* Abhörwanze
* Bauchkielwanze
* Baumwanze
* Baumwollwanze
* Beerenwanze
* Bettwanze
* Birkenwanze
* Blattfusswanze
* Blattfußwanze
* Blattwanze
* Blindwanze
* Blumenwanze
* Bodenwanze
* Breitbauchwanze
* Distel-Gitterwanze
* Distel-Netzwanze
* Eichen-Schmuckwanze
* eine Wanze an etwas anbringen
* Erdwanze
* etwas mit Abhörwanzen versehen
* etwas verwanzen
* Feuerwanze
* Fledermauswanze
* Gänsefußschönwanze
* Gemeine Wiesenwanze
* Getreidespitzwanze
* Gitterwanze
* Glasflügelwanze
* Graswanze
* Grundwanze
* Harlekinwanze
* Hauswanze
* Kaffeewanze
* Kartoffelwanze
* Kohlwanze
* Kotwanze
* Krummfühlerwanze
* Langwanze
* Lederwanze
* Meldenwanze
* Mianawanze
* Mordwanze
* Netzwanze
* Platanen-Netzwanze
* Plattwanze
* Prachtwanze
* Randwanze
* Raubwanze
* Riesenwanze
* Riesenwasserwanze
* Rindenwanze
* Ritterwanze
* Rübenwanze
* Ruderwanze
* Saumwanze
* Schildwanze
* Schmuckwanze
* Schreitwanze
* Schwalbenwanze
* Schwimmwanze
* Sichelwanze
* Springwanze
* Stabwanze
* Stachelwanze
* Staubwanze
* Stelzenwanze
* Stinkwanze
* Streifenwanze
* Taubenwanze
* von Wanzen befallen
* Wald-Blumenwanze
* Waldwanze
* Wanzen an etwas installieren
* Wanzen in etwas installieren
* Wanzen-Knabenkraut
* Wanzenart
* Wanzendill
* Wanzenfauna
* Wanzengift
* Wanzenknabenkraut
* Wanzenkraut
* Wanzenkümmel
* Wanzenlarve
* Wanzenvielfalt
* Wasserwanze
* Wiesenwanze
* Wipfel-Stachelwanze
* Wipfelwanze
* Zweifleck-Raubwanze
* Zweifleckraubwanze
* Zweipunktige Wiesenwanze
* Zweispitzwanze

#### Related terms

* anwanzen
* entwanzen (von Wanzen befreien)
* Entwanzer, Entwanzerin
* entwanzt
* Entwanzung
* verwanzen
* verwanzt
* Verwanzung
* wanzig
* Wanzigkeit

### Further reading

* “Wanze” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Wanze” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Wanze” in Duden online
# Amaronan
## English
### Proper noun

Amaronan
* A barangay of Umingan, Pangasinan, Philippines.
# ríomhaire
## Irish
### Etymology

From ríomh (“count, enumerate; reckon, calculate, compute”) +‎ -aire (agent noun suffix). From Old Irish rímaire (literally “one that computes”), as a calque of English computer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɾˠiːvˠəɾʲə/

### Noun

ríomhaire m (genitive singular ríomhaire, nominative plural ríomhairí)
* counter, enumerator
* calculator
* computer

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ríomhaire
ríomhairí
vocative
a ríomhaire
a ríomhairí
genitive
ríomhaire
ríomhairí
dative
ríomhaire
ríomhairí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an ríomhaire
na ríomhairí
genitive
an ríomhaire
na ríomhairí
dative
leis an ríomhaire don ríomhaire
leis na ríomhairí :

#### Derived terms

* cluiche ríomhaire
* micriríomhaire
* ríomhaire glúine
* ríomhaireacht
* ríomhairigh
* sár-ríomhaire

#### Related terms

* ríomhchláraitheoir m (“computer programmer”)
* ríomhchlárú m (“computer programming”)
* ríomheolaíocht f (“computer science”)

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ríomhaire”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ríomhaire”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “ríomhaire”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
# surtout
## English
### Etymology

From French surtout.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /sɜːˈtuː(t)/
* Rhymes: -uː, -uːt

### Noun

surtout (plural surtouts)
* A man's overcoat; a close-bodied frock coat.
** 1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter VII, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC, page 109:Yes, I was right: it was Mr. Brocklehurst, buttoned up in a surtout, and looking longer, narrower, and more rigid than ever.
** 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 68, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:The house had been new painted, and smelt of varnish and turpentine, and a large streak of white paint inflicted itself on the back of the old boy’s fur-collared surtout.
** 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 41:He was dressed in the suit he'd bought for his mother's funeral, beaver top hat, silk surtout.
* (fortifications) A raised portion of the parapet of a work at the angles, to protect from enfilade fire.

#### Derived terms

* wooden surtout

### Anagrams

* rust out, tutours

## French
### Etymology

From sur +‎ tout.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /syʁ.tu/
* Audio:(file)

### Adverb

surtout
* above all
* especially

#### Derived terms

* surtout que

### Noun

surtout m (plural surtouts)
* surtout (overcoat)

### Further reading

* “surtout”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# restenosis
## English
### Etymology

From re- +‎ stenosis.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌɹiːstɪˈnəʊsɪs/
* (General American) IPA: /ˌɹistɪˈnoʊsɪs/
* Hyphenation: re‧ste‧no‧sis

### Noun

restenosis (countable and uncountable, plural restenoses)
* (pathology) The recurrence of stenosis, especially that of an artery. [from 20th c.]
** 1996, David Foster Wallace, Infinite Jest […], Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, page 126:Marathe's wife was dying slowly of ventricular restenosis.

#### Derived terms

* antirestenosis
* antirestenotic
* restenostic
# yogique
## French
### Alternative forms

* yoguique

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jo.ɡik/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

yogique (plural yogiques)
* (relational) yoga; yogic

#### Related terms

* yoga
* yogi

### Further reading

* “yogique”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# Gelegenheit
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German gelegenheit. By surface analysis, gelegen +‎ -heit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡəˈleːɡŋ̩haɪ̯t], [ɡəˈleːɡənhaɪ̯t]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Gelegenheit f (genitive Gelegenheit, plural Gelegenheiten)
* opportunity, chance, instance, occasion [with zu (+ dative) ‘for/to’]
    ausgezeichnete Gelegenheit. ― excellent opportunity.
    Gelegenheit zur Stellungnahme. ― opportunity to comment.
* facility (facilities), accommodation

#### Derived terms

* Arbeitsgelegenheit
* Duschgelegenheit
* Essgelegenheit
* Eßgelegenheit
* Gelegenheits-
* gelegenheits-
* Gelegenheitsarbeit
* Gelegenheitsarbeiter
* Gelegenheitsauswahl
* Gelegenheitsbeschäftigter
* Gelegenheitsbeschäftigung
* Gelegenheitsbildung
* Gelegenheitsdichter
* Gelegenheitsdichtung
* Gelegenheitsdieb
* Gelegenheitsdiebstahl
* Gelegenheitseinbuße
* Gelegenheitseinbusse
* Gelegenheitseinkommen
* Gelegenheitsfan
* Gelegenheitsfrachtführer
* Gelegenheitsgedicht
* Gelegenheitsgesellschaft
* Gelegenheitsgrafik
* Gelegenheitsgraphik
* Gelegenheitsjob
* Gelegenheitsjobber
* Gelegenheitskauf
* Gelegenheitskäufer
* Gelegenheitskomposition
* Gelegenheitskunde
* Gelegenheitsleser
* Gelegenheitsopfer
* gelegenheitsorientiert
* Gelegenheitspreis
* Gelegenheitsprostituierte
* Gelegenheitsprostituierter
* Gelegenheitsprostitution
* Gelegenheitsraucher
* Gelegenheitsschrift
* Gelegenheitsschriftsteller
* Gelegenheitssex
* Gelegenheitsspieler
* Gelegenheitssprecher
* Gelegenheitsstichprobe
* Gelegenheitsstruktur
* Gelegenheitsterrorismus
* Gelegenheitstrinker
* Gelegenheitsunterkunft
* Gelegenheitsursache
* Gelegenheitsvers
* Gelegenheitswirt
* Gelegenheitsziel
* Geschäftsgelegenheit
* Handelsgelegenheit
* Kaufgelegenheit
* Landegelegenheit
* Lerngelegenheit
* Marktgelegenheit
* Mitfahrgelegenheit
* Parkgelegenheit
* Schlafgelegenheit
* Sitzgelegenheit
* Ungelegenheit
* Waschgelegenheit
* Wohngelegenheit

### See also

* Angelegenheit

### Further reading

* “Gelegenheit” in Duden online
* “Gelegenheit” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# karışık
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قارشق (karışık, “mixed, adulterated, confused, disordered”), from قارشمق (karışmak, “to join and mix, to become confused and disordered, to interfere, to exercise control”), from Proto-Turkic *karïĺ- (“to be mixed with one another, to be tacked onto each other”), from *kar- (“to mix”) +‎ *-ïĺ (“reflexive suffix”), morphologically kar- +‎ -ış- +‎ -ık.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.ɾɯˈʃɯk/
* Hyphenation: ka‧rı‧şık

### Adjective

karışık
* Consisting of things of different qualities; mixed, diverse, assorted.
    Synonyms: çeşitli, türlü, (dated) muhtelif
    Tüm bu gelişmeleri karışık duygularla izliyorum. ― I am watching all these developments with mixed feelings.
* In disorder, untidy, disorganized.
    Synonyms: düzensiz, dağınık, (dated) intizamsız
* (with instrumental) Mixed with, blended with.
    Bazı kentlere sağanak yağış ve karla karışık yağmur uyarısı da yapıldı. ― Some cities were warned against heavy rains and sleet. (literally, “rain mixed with snow”)
* Not pure, hybrid, composite, impure.
    Synonyms: katışık, (obsolete) mahlut, (obsolete) mağşuş
    Antonym: saf
* Difficult to understand, complex, complicated, tricky.
    Synonyms: karmaşık, çapraşık, kompleks, komplike
    Bir uğurböceği sürmekten daha karışık olamaz sanırım. ― I don't suppose it can be more complicated that riding a ladybug.

#### Derived terms

* karışıklık
* karmakarışık

#### Related terms

* karışım
* karıştırmak
* karma
* karmak

#### Descendants

* Ladino: karishik

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قارشق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1410
* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Kiār-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “karış-”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “karışık”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# rolák
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrolaːk]

### Noun

rolák m inan
* turtleneck collar (US), turtleneck (US), polo-neck (UK)
* turtleneck sweater (US), turtleneck (US), polo-neck sweater (UK)

#### Derived terms

* roláček m
* rolákový

### Further reading

* “rolák”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “rolák”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# exercise book
## English
### Noun

exercise book (plural exercise books)
* A booklet for students, containing either problems or exercises, and blank, often lined pages for writing answers.
# schijn
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch schijn. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sxɛi̯n/
* Audio (Belgium):(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: schijn
* Rhymes: -ɛi̯n

### Noun

schijn m (plural schijnen, diminutive schijntje n)
* a shine, glimmering
* an appearance, semblance, especially when misleading
    Ze dacht in de verte kunstlicht te zien, maar het was slechts schijn.She thought that she saw artificial light in the distance, but it merely seemed that way.
* a cast (visual appearance)
* (chiefly the diminutive) a small quantity/sum, a bit, pittance

#### Derived terms

* de schijn ophouden
* heiligenschijn
* maneschijn
* schijnaardbei
* schijnbeweging
* schijnheilig
* schijnhuwelijk
* schone schijn
* zonneschijn

#### Related terms

* schijnen
* verschijnen

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: skyn
* Negerhollands: skien, skin
* → Papiamentu: skèins

### Verb

schijn
* inflection of schijnen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative
# subjicio
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /subˈi̯i.ki.oː/, [s̠ʊbˈi̯ɪkioː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /subˈji.t͡ʃi.o/, [subˈjiːt͡ʃio]

### Verb

subjiciō (present infinitive subjicere, perfect active subjēcī, supine subjectum); third conjugation iō-variant
* Alternative form of subiciō

#### Related terms

* abjiciō
* adjiciō
* circumjiciō
* cōnjiciō
* dējiciō
* disjiciō
* ējectāmentum
* injiciō
* interjiciō
* jaciō
* objiciō
* praejiciō
* prōjiciō
* rējiciō
* subjiciō
* superjaciō
* trājiciō

### References

* “subjicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* subjicio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# clathrate
## English
### Etymology

From Latin clāthrātus, from clāthrī (“lattice”) + -ātus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈklæθɹeɪt/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

clathrate (not comparable)
* (biology) Having a lattice-like structure.
* (chemistry) Of an inclusion complex: in which molecules of one compound are enclosed within the crystal structure of another.

#### Derived terms

* nonclathrate

### Noun

clathrate (plural clathrates)
* (chemistry) A clathrate compound.

#### Derived terms

* gas clathrate
* methane clathrate

#### See also

* Clathrate compound on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kla.tʁat/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

clathrate m (plural clathrates)
* (chemistry) a clathrate compound

## Latin
### Adjective

clāthrāte
* vocative masculine singular of clāthrātus
# makilá
## Lingala
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *gìdá, from Proto-Bantu *gìd, whence Lingala kila.

### Pronunciation

IPA: /ma˩.ˈki˩.la˥/

### Noun

makilá class 6
* blood
    ngai na ye tozali makila mokoI am one family with her.(literally, “I and she are one blood.”)
* life

#### Derived terms

* bosíli makilá
* makilá-mɔ̌kɔ́
# εγκλωβισμός
## Greek
### Etymology

Learnedly from εγκλωβισ- (stem of εγκλωβίζω (egklovízo)) +‎ -μός (-mós).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eŋ.ɡlo.viˈzmos/
* Hyphenation: ε‧γκλω‧βι‧σμός

### Noun

εγκλωβισμός • (egklovismós) m
* caging (the act of placing or trapping something in a cage)
* entrapment (the act of entrapping or state of being entrapped)
* confinement, containment

#### Related terms

* απεγκλωβίζω (apegklovízo)
* απεγκλωβισμός m (apegklovismós)
* εγκλωβίζω (egklovízo)
* κλουβί n (klouví)
* κλωβός m (klovós)

### References

* ↑ εγκλωβισμός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# papa-anjo
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From papar +‎ anjo, literally “angel eater”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌpa.pɐˈɐ̃.ʒu/

### Noun

papa-anjo m or f by sense (plural papa-anjos)
* (Brazil, colloquial) cradle snatcher (a person who prefers to date people significantly younger than themselves)

### See also

* mucilon

### Further reading

* “papa-anjo”, in Dicio – Dicionário Online de Português (in Portuguese), Porto: 7Graus, 2009–2025
* “papa-anjo”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
# psiadie rétuse
## French
### Etymology

Calque of translingual Psiadia retusa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /psja.di ʁe.tyz/

### Noun

psiadie rétuse f (plural psiadies rétuses)
* Psiadia retusa (Lam.) DC.
    Synonyms: (Réunion) bien salée, (Réunion) herbe à Brocus, (Réunion) herbe à Laurent Martin, (Réunion) salière, (Réunion) saliette

### References

* ↑ Dominique Martiré (2021) Faune et flore de La Réunion, Paris: Delachaux et Niestlé, →ISBN, p. 146.
# intens
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin intēnsus. Doublet of entès, which was inherited.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [inˈtɛns]
* IPA: (Valencia) [inˈtens]

### Adjective

intens (feminine intensa, masculine plural intensos, feminine plural intenses)
* intense

#### Derived terms

* intensament
* intensificar

#### Related terms

* intensiu
* intensitat

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French intense.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪnˈtɛns/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: in‧tens
* Rhymes: -ɛns

### Adjective

intens (comparative intenser, superlative meest intens or intenst)
* intense
    Synonyms: hevig, heftig

#### Derived terms

* intensiteit

#### Related terms

* intensief
* intentie

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: intens

### Anagrams

* tennis

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch intens, from French intense, from Middle French intense, from Latin intensus (“stretched tight”), past participle of intendere (“to stretch out”), from in (“in, upon, to”) + tendere (“to stretch”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɪntɛns]
* Hyphenation: in‧tèns

### Adjective

intèns
* intense:
** extreme in size or strength.
    Synonyms: kuat, hebat
** very passionate.
    Synonyms: bergelora, semangat, berapi-api, berkobar-kobar
** very emotional.
    Synonym: emosional
* high (of quality)

#### Related terms

* intensi
* intensif
* intensifikasi
* intensitas

### Further reading

* “intens” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian intenso.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪnˈtɛns/

### Adjective

intens (feminine singular intensa, plural intensi)
* intense

#### Related terms

* intensament
* intensifika
* intensità
* intensiv

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Latin intensus, via French intense or English intense.

### Adjective

intens (neuter singular intenst, definite singular and plural intense)
* intense

#### Derived terms

* intensitet

### References

* “intens” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Latin intensus, via French intense or English intense.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪnˈtɛns/

### Adjective

intens (neuter singular intenst, definite singular and plural intense)
* intense

#### Derived terms

* intensitet

### References

* “intens” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French intense, Latin intensus. Doublet of întins, which was inherited.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /inˈtens/

### Adjective

intens m or n (feminine singular intensă, masculine plural intenși, feminine and neuter plural intense)
* intense

#### Related terms

* intensifica
* intensitate
* intensiv
# taboleiro
## Galician
### Etymology

From táboa (“board”) +‎ -eiro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tabʊˈlei̯ɾʊ]

### Noun

taboleiro m (plural taboleiros)
* board, plank or set of them when used to obtain an only surface
* gameboard
* loft; attic
    Synonym: faiado

#### Related terms

* táboa

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “taboleiro”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “taboleiro”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “taboleiro”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Noun

taboleiro m (plural taboleiros)
* Obsolete form of tabuleiro.
# hopped
## English
### Verb

hopped
* simple past and past participle of hop

### Adjective

hopped (comparative more hopped, superlative most hopped)
* Impregnated with hops.

#### Derived terms

* dry-hopped

### Related terms

* hopped up
# sɛ³⁵
## Pela
### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjej-s (“know”). Cognate with Burmese သိ (si., “know”), Tibetan ཤེས་པ (shes pa, “know”), Nuosu ꌧ (syp, “know”), Western Lalu sa̠²¹, Nusu su̱⁵³, Lisu ꓢꓷꓸ (sɤ́), Hani hev, Naxi see, Tangut 𗓂 (*sjɨ²), Japhug sɯz, Situ ʃi and Tedim Chin thei. Compare Yunnan Lhao Vo sɛ⁵⁵, Zaiwa se, Longchuan Achang sa³⁵ and Hpon ʃì’.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɛ³⁵/

### Verb

sɛ³⁵
* know (be acquainted or familiar with; have knowledge of)
    tam³¹sa³⁵ tʰɔ⁵⁵ tʃɔ̃⁵⁵ sɛ³¹ nɛ̃⁵⁵ tøʔ³¹ a³⁵.It is necessary to know (the lineage of the family) when the priest chants.
    ă u³¹ ʒɛ⁵¹ a³¹ sɛ³⁵ la̠m³¹, a³¹kʰu⁵⁵ sɛ³⁵ la̠m³⁵ vɛ³¹.We did not know each other then, now we do.

#### Derived terms

* ma̠³⁵ sɛ³¹ (“to learn to acquire”)
* pju⁵⁵ sɛ³¹ (“acquaintance”)
* sɛ³⁵ la̠m³¹ (“to know each other”)
* sɛ³⁵ ta̠³¹ (“remember”)

#### See also

* pɛ³¹ (“can, be able to”)
* pɔn³¹ (“to remember, to feel”)
* ta̠³⁵ mə̠i³¹ (“to forget”)

### References

* Dai Qingxia, Jiang Ying, Kong Zhien, A Study of Pela Language (2007; Publishing House of Minority Nationalities, Beijing)
* Guillaume Jacques, Esquisse de phonologie et de morphologie historique du tangoute (2014; Brill, Leiden)
* Huang Bufan (editor), Xu Shouchun, Chen Jiaying, Wang Huiyin, A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon (1992; Central Minorities University, Beijing)
* Mangshi Jinghpo ethnicity Association of Development and Progress Studies(芒市景颇族发展进步研究学会)(ed.), Han-Zaiwa-Pela Dictionary (汉文载瓦文波拉语对译词典) (2018; Dehong Nationalities Publishing House, Mangshi)
# şivan
## Northern Kurdish
### Etymology

From *şiban < *şubân, related to Persian شبان (šobân).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃɪˈvɑːn/

### Noun

| Central Kurdish | شوان (şwan) |
| Zazaki | şwane |
| Gurani | şûane |
şivan m or f (Arabic spelling شڤان)
* shepherd

#### Dialectal variants

* şivên
* şivîn

#### Derived terms

* bişivan
* bişivanetî
* bişivantî
* bişivanî
* bişivanîtî
* bêşivan
* bêşivanetî
* bêşivantî
* bêşivanî
* bêşivanîtî
* şivandar
* şivandartî
* şivandarî
* şivandarîtî
* şivanetî
* şivantî
* şivanî
* şivanîtî

### References

* Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “şivan”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 585