OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# diarrhoea
## English
### Noun

diarrhoea (usually uncountable, plural diarrhoeas)
* British standard spelling of diarrhea.

#### Derived terms

* diarrhoeal
* pseudodiarrhoea

### References

* “diarrhoea”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek διάρροια (diárrhoia).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /di.arˈroe̯.a/, [d̪iärˈroe̯ä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /di.arˈre.a/, [d̪iärˈrɛːä]

### Noun

diarrhoea f (genitive diarrhoeae); first declension
* (Late Latin) diarrhoea

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Related terms

* diarrhoicus

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: diarrea
* → Galician: diarrea
* → Italian: diarrea
* → Middle French: diarrie
** English: diarrhoea
** French: diarrhée, diarrhœe (obsolete)
*** → Dutch: diarree
*** → Norwegian Bokmål: diaré
*** → Norwegian Nynorsk: diaré
*** → Romanian: diaree
*** → Swedish: diarré
* → Occitan: diarrèia
* → Piedmontese: diareia, diarena
* → Portuguese: diarreia
* → Romansch: diarrea
* → Spanish: diarrea

### References

* “dĭarrhoea”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* dĭarrhœa in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 518/3.
# asynchronicznie
## Polish
### Etymology

From asynchroniczny +‎ -ie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.sɘŋ.xrɔˈɲit͡ʂ.ɲɛ/
* Rhymes: -it͡ʂɲɛ
* Syllabification: a‧syn‧chro‧nicz‧nie

### Adverb

asynchronicznie (not comparable)
* asynchronously

#### Related terms

* asynchroniczny
* synchronicznie
* asynchronicznie
* synchroniczny
* synchronistyczny
* synchronizacyjny
* asynchron
* asynchronia
* asynchroniczność
* asynchronizm
* synchron
* synchronia
* synchroniczność
* synchronizacja
* synchronizator
* synchronizm
* synchronizować
* zsynchronizować

### Further reading

* asynchronicznie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# sorbato
## Esperanto
### Noun

sorbato (accusative singular sorbaton, plural sorbatoj, accusative plural sorbatojn)
* singular present nominal passive participle of sorbi

## Italian
### Noun

sorbato m (plural sorbati)
* (organic chemistry) sorbate

### Anagrams

* Borsato, torbosa

## Spanish
### Noun

sorbato m (plural sorbatos)
* (organic chemistry) sorbate

#### Related terms

* ácido sórbico
* sórbico
# buffoonism
## English
### Etymology

From buffoon +‎ -ism.

### Noun

buffoonism (usually uncountable, plural buffoonisms)
* (rare, archaic) The actions of a buffoon; buffoonery.

### References

* “buffoonism”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# 觀測
## Chinese
### Etymology

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 観(かん)測(そく) (kansoku)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guāncè
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢ ㄘㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gun$^1$ cak$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koan-chhiak / koan-chhek / koan-chhak
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guāncè
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢ ㄘㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guancè
*** Wade–Giles: kuan$^1$-tsʻê$^4$
*** Yale: gwān-tsè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guantseh
*** Palladius: гуаньцэ (guanʹcɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯än⁵⁵ t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gun$^1$ cak$^1$
*** Yale: gūn chāk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gun$^1$ tsak$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gun$^1$ ceg$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kuːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koan-chhiak
*** Tâi-lô: kuan-tshiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koanchiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan³³ t͡sʰiak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koan-chhek
*** Tâi-lô: kuan-tshik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koanzheg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kuan⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koan-chhak
*** Tâi-lô: kuan-tshak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koanzhag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan³³ t͡sʰak̚⁵/

### Noun

觀測
* observation; monitoring; surveying
    觀測數據／观测数据 ― guāncè shùjù ― observational data

### Verb

觀測
* to observe; to monitor; to survey

#### Synonyms

* 偵測 / 侦测 (zhēncè)
* 察看 (chákàn)
* 審視 / 审视 (shěnshì)
* 打量
* 探望 (tànwàng)
* 探測 / 探测 (tàncè)
* 瞻視 / 瞻视 (zhānshì) (literary)
* 視 / 视 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 視察 / 视察 (shìchá)
* 觀察 / 观察 (guānchá)
* 觀望 / 观望 (guānwàng) (literary)
* 觀看 / 观看 (guānkàn)

#### Derived terms

* 天體觀測 / 天体观测
* 海洋觀測 / 海洋观测
* 觀測站 / 观测站

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 觀 | 測 |
| かん Hyōgai | そく Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

觀(かん)測(そく) • (kansoku)
* Kyūjitai form of 観測 (“observation”)

### Verb

觀(かん)測(そく)する • (kansoku suru) transitive suru (stem 觀(かん)測(そく)し (kansoku shi), past 觀(かん)測(そく)した (kansoku shita))
* Kyūjitai form of 観測 (“to observe”)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 觀 | 測 |

### Noun

觀測 • (gwancheuk) (hangeul 관측)
* hanja form of 관측 (“observation”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 觀 | 測 |

### Verb

觀測
* chữ Hán form of quan trắc (“to observe”).
# ugali
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Swahili ugali.

### Noun

ugali (uncountable)
* African cornmeal porridge
** 2019, Marlon James, Black Leopard, Red Wolf, Hamish Hamilton, page 256:Still tall as the doorway, still fat from crocodile meat and ugali porridge.

#### Translations
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ugaliq (“custom, manner, way, habit”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔuˈɡaliʔ/ [ʔuˈɡa.l̪iʔ]
* Hyphenation: u‧ga‧li

### Noun

ugalì (Basahan spelling ᜂᜄᜎᜒ)
* character
* personality
    Synonym: personalidad
* custom, habit
    Synonyms: kostumbre, gawi-gawi
* tradition
    Synonym: tradisyon

#### Derived terms

* daing ugali
* kaugalian

## Limos Kalinga
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ugaliq (“custom, manner, way, habit”).

### Noun

ugali
* custom; habit

## Lubuagan Kalinga
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ugaliq (“custom, manner, way, habit”).

### Noun

ugali
* custom; habit

## Pangasinan
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ugaliq (“custom, manner, way, habit”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uˈɡali/, [ʊˈɡa.le]
* Hyphenation: u‧ga‧li

### Noun

ugali
* custom; habit

## Swahili

Wikibooks

### Etymology

From an Eastern Sudanic language.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Noun

ugali class XI (no plural)
* porridge, stiff porridge

#### See also

* uji

### References

* Schoenbrun, David (1993) “We Are What We Eat: Ancient Agriculture Between the Great Lakes”, in The Journal of African History, volume 4, number 1, pages 1–31

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ugaliq (“custom, manner, way, habit”). Compare Pangasinan ogali, Kapampangan ugali, Bikol Central ugali.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔuˈɡaliʔ/ [ʔʊˈɣaː.lɪʔ]
* Rhymes: -aliʔ
* Syllabification: u‧ga‧li

### Noun

ugalì (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜄᜎᜒ)
* conduct; habit; personal behavior or conduct
    Synonyms: gawi, kostumbre
* character; nature (of a person)
    Synonyms: asal, kaasalan
* inclination; propensity
    Synonyms: hilig, kahiligan, pagkahilig, kiling
* tradition; long-established custom or practice
    Synonyms: kaugalian, pag-uugali

#### Derived terms

* kaugali
* kaugalian
* kinaugalian
* magkaugali
* makaugali
* makaugalian
* makiugali
* nakaugalian
* pag-uugali
* pakikiugali
* pangkaugalian
* pinagkaugalian
* ugaliin
* ugaling hayop
# ᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ
## Manchu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (standard) IPA: [t͡ʃu.ram.pi]

### Verb

ᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᠪᡳ • (jurambi) (past ᠵᡠᡵᠠᡴᠠ)
* (for a trip, a journey) to depart; to set off; to set out

#### Related terms

* ᠵᡠᡵᠠᠨ (juran)
* ᠵᡠᡵᠠᠨᡩᠠᠮᠪᡳ (jurandambi)
* ᠵᡠᡵᠠᠮᠪᡠᠮᠪᡳ (jurambumbi)
# Chincha
## English
### Alternative forms

* Chinca, Chinka (obsolete or historical)

### Etymology

From Spanish Chincha, from Quechua chinchay (“ocelot”).

### Proper noun

Chincha
* (ethnography, chiefly historical) A native people of Peru.
* A port city in Chincha, Ica, Peru.
* A province of Ica, Peru.

#### Derived terms

* Chincha Alta

## Spanish
### Etymology

Ultimately from Quechua chinchay.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃint͡ʃa/ [ˈt͡ʃĩnʲ.t͡ʃa]
* Rhymes: -intʃa
* Syllabification: Chin‧cha

### Proper noun

Chincha ?
* A province of Ica, Peru
# Anbeter
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German anbetære, from Old High German anabetāri. By surface analysis, anbeten (“to worship”) +‎ -er (agentive suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈanˌbeːtɐ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: An‧be‧ter

### Noun

Anbeter m (strong, genitive Anbeters, plural Anbeter, feminine Anbeterin)
* worshipper, worshiper, adorer, idolater, idolizer, idoliser (male or of unspecified gender)

#### Antonyms

* Blasphemist
* Entheiliger
* Entweiher
* Gotteslästerer
* Schänder

#### Derived terms

* Dämonenanbeter
* Feueranbeter
* Gottesanbeter
* Götzenanbeter
* Naturanbeter
* Satansanbeter
* Schlangenanbeter
* Sonnenanbeter
* Teufelsanbeter

### See also

* Verehrer

### Further reading

* “Anbeter” in Duden online
* “Anbeter” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# aabi
## Chickasaw
### Etymology

Likely related to albi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaːˌbi/

### Verb

aabi (active)
* (transitive) to paint, grease (I;II)
* (ditransitive) to rub, smear paint/grease on someone (I;II;3)

#### Inflection

| Verbs beginning with a vowel. | Singular | Plural | Inclusive Tri-Plural |
| 1st-person (I, we) | aabili aabi-li | ilaabi il-aabi | ilooaabi iloo-aabi |
| 2nd-person (you, you all) | ishaabi ish-aabi | hashaabi hash-aabi | hashaabi hash-aabi |
| 3rd-person (he, she, it, they) | aabi | (hoo)aabi (hoo-)aabi | (hoo)aabi (hoo-)aabi |

#### Derived terms

* ahámbi
* ilaabi
* imaabi
* ishtaabi
# Chalakkiꞌ
## Chickasaw
### Etymology

Compare Choctaw Chalakki, Alabama Chalakki, Koasati Chalakki, Creek Cvlakke.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃa.lak.kiʔ/

### Proper noun

Chalakkiꞌ
* Cherokee

### Noun

Chalakkiꞌ (alienable)
* Cherokee person

#### Inflection

| Nouns in ch-, k-, t- | Singular | Plural | Inclusive Tri-Plural |
| 1st-person ("my, our") | anchalakkiꞌ an-chalakkiꞌ | ponchalakkiꞌ pon-chalakkiꞌ | haponchalakkiꞌ hapon-chalakkiꞌ |
| 2nd-person ("thy, your") | chinchalakkiꞌ chin-chalakkiꞌ | hachinchalakkiꞌ hachin-chalakkiꞌ | hachinchalakkiꞌ hachin-chalakkiꞌ |
| 3rd-person ("his, her, its, their") | inchalakkiꞌ in-chalakkiꞌ | inchalakkiꞌ in-chalakkiꞌ | inchalakkiꞌ in-chalakkiꞌ |

#### Derived terms

* Chalakkihooꞌ
* Chalakkimanopaꞌ
* Chalakki̱yaakni
# bipennatiséqué
## French
### Etymology

From bi- +‎ pennatiséqué.

### Adjective

bipennatiséqué (feminine bipennatiséquée, masculine plural bipennatiséqués, feminine plural bipennatiséquées)
* (botany) bipinnatisect

#### Related terms

* bipennatifide
* bipennatipartite
* bipenné

### Further reading

* Jouy, Alain & De Foucault, Bruno, 2019. Dictionnaire illustré de botanique. Biotope Éditions, Mèze, →ISBN., p. 47. (as bipennatiséquée).
# noncontradiction
## English
### Alternative forms

* non-contradiction

### Etymology

From non- +‎ contradiction.

### Noun

noncontradiction (countable and uncountable, plural noncontradictions)
* A statement which is logically not a contradiction.
* (uncountable) Absence of contradiction; the situation where statements do not contradict each other.
    the noncontradiction of the postulates of geometry

#### Derived terms

* law of noncontradiction
# 近接
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 近 | 接 |
| きん Grade: 2 | せつ Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʲĩɰ̃se̞t͡sɨ]

### Noun

近(きん)接(せつ) • (kinsetsu)
* approaching, coming closer
* vicinity, being nearby

#### Synonyms

* (coming closer): 接近(せっきん) (sekkin)

### Verb

近(きん)接(せつ)する • (kinsetsu suru) intransitive suru (stem 近(きん)接(せつ)し (kinsetsu shi), past 近(きん)接(せつ)した (kinsetsu shita))
* to approach, to come close
* to be close

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 近接し | きんせつし | kinsetsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 近接し | きんせつし | kinsetsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 近接する | きんせつする | kinsetsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 近接する | きんせつする | kinsetsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 近接すれ | きんせつすれ | kinsetsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 近接せよ¹ 近接しろ² | きんせつせよ¹ きんせつしろ² | kinsetsu seyo¹ kinsetsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 近接される | きんせつされる | kinsetsu sareru |
| Causative | 近接させる 近接さす | きんせつさせる きんせつさす | kinsetsu saseru kinsetsu sasu |
| Potential | 近接できる | きんせつできる | kinsetsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 近接しよう | きんせつしよう | kinsetsu shiyō |
| Negative | 近接しない | きんせつしない | kinsetsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 近接せず | きんせつせず | kinsetsu sezu |
| Formal | 近接します | きんせつします | kinsetsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 近接した | きんせつした | kinsetsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 近接して | きんせつして | kinsetsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 近接すれば | きんせつすれば | kinsetsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 近 | 接 |

### Noun

近接 • (geunjeop) (hangeul 근접)
* hanja form of 근접 (“proximity”)

#### Derived terms

* 근접되다 (近接—, geunjeopdoeda)
* 근접사격 (近接射擊, geunjeopsagyeok)
* 근접스위치 (近接switch, geunjeopseuwichi)
* 근접쌍성 (近接雙星, geunjeopssangseong)
* 근접연성 (近接連星, geunjeobyeonseong)
* 근접요인 (近接要因, geunjeobyoin)
* 근접작용 (近接作用, geunjeopjagyong)
* 근접전 (近接戰, geunjeopjeon)
* 근접전술항공지원 (近接戰術航空支援, geunjeopjeonsulhanggongjiwon)
* 근접지원 (近接支援, geunjeopjiwon)
* 근접하다 (近接—, geunjeophada)
* 근접항공지원 (近接航空支援, geunjeophanggongjiwon)
* 근접화기 (近接火器, geunjeophwagi)
* 근접효과 (近接效果, geunjeophyogwa)
* 다목적근접지원무기 (多目的近接支援武器, damokjeokgeunjeopjiwonmugi)
# τένθης
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

According to Bechtel, τόνθων (tónthōn, “spinal meat”) belongs here as well. Instead, Beekes envisages a connection with τένδω (téndō, “to gnaw”), in which case the variation θ/δ points to Pre-Greek origin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tén.tʰɛːs/ → /ˈten.θis/ → /ˈten.θis/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /tén.tʰɛːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈten.tʰe̝s/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈten.θis/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈten.θis/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈten.θis/

### Noun

τένθης • (ténthēs) m (genitive τένθτου); first declension
* glutton, gourmand
    Synonyms: γᾰστρῐ́μᾰργος (găstrĭ́mărgos), κᾰ́βαισος (kắbaisos), φᾰ́γος (phắgos)

#### Derived terms

* λῐχνοτένθης (lĭkhnoténthēs)
* τενθείᾱ (tentheíā)
* τενθεύω (tentheúō)

### Further reading

* “τένθης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “τένθης”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* τένθης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# mintáz
## Hungarian
### Etymology

minta +‎ -z (verb-forming suffix)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmintaːz]
* Hyphenation: min‧táz
* Rhymes: -aːz

### Verb

mintáz
* (transitive, of a sculptor) to model, shape (to form into a particular shape)
* (transitive, of fabric) to pattern (to apply a design as decoration on a fabric)
    gyümölcsökkel mintázott asztalterítő ― tablecloth patterned with fruits

#### Derived terms

* mintázgat
* mintázható
* mintáztat
(With verbal prefixes):
* kimintáz
* lemintáz
* megmintáz

### Further reading

* mintáz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# θέλγω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Unexplained. Several unconvincing hypotheses: that is related to Lithuanian žvelgiù (“to look at”) (connecting it as "enchanting by an evil look"); to Sanskrit ह्वरते (hvarate, “to turn, diverge”) with Greek enlargment -γ-; to Germanic words like Old English dolg (“wound, scar”) and Old High German tolg (“wound”), both from Proto-Germanic *dulgą.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʰél.ɡɔː/ → /ˈθel.ɣo/ → /ˈθel.ɣo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /tʰél.ɡɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈtʰel.ɡo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈθel.ɣo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈθel.ɣo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈθel.ɣo/

### Verb

θέλγω • (thélgō)
* to charm, enchant, bewitch
    Synonym: κηλέω (kēléō)
* to cheat, cozen
* to charm, beguile, deceive

#### Derived terms

* δῐᾰθέλγω (dĭăthélgō)
* ἐπῐθέλγω (epĭthélgō)
* θέλγητρον (thélgētron)
* θέλγμᾰ (thélgmă)
* θελκτήρ (thelktḗr)
* θελκτήρῐον (thelktḗrĭon)
* θελκτήρῐος (thelktḗrĭos)
* θελκτῐκός (thelktĭkós)
* θέλκτρον (thélktron)
* θελξῐεπής (thelxĭepḗs)
* θελξῐ́μβροτος (thelxĭ́mbrotos)
* θελξῐμελής (thelxĭmelḗs)
* θελξῐ́νοος (thelxĭ́noos)
* θελξῐ́πῐκρος (thelxĭ́pĭkros)
* θέλξῐς (thélxĭs)
* θελξῐ́φρων (thelxĭ́phrōn)
* κᾰτᾰθέλγω (kătăthélgō)
* πᾰρᾰθέλγω (părăthélgō)

### Further reading

* “θέλγω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “θέλγω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “θέλγω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* θέλγω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* θέλγω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# doengh
## Zhuang
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /toŋ˧/
* Tone numbers: doeng$^6$
* Hyphenation: doengh

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Tai *doŋᴮ (“open field”). Cognate with Thai ทุ่ง (tûng), Lao ທົ່ງ (thong), Shan တူင်ႈ (tūung). Also Vietnamese đồng.

#### Noun

doengh (Sawndip forms 垌 or 峝 or 𰉡 or 埬, 1957–1982 spelling dɵŋƅ)
* field; open land

##### Descendants

* → Chinese: 垌 (dòng)

#### Classifier

doengh (Sawndip forms 垌 or 峝 or 𰉡 or 埬, 1957–1982 spelling dɵŋƅ)
* tract of (field)

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Numeral

doengh (Sawndip forms 㗢 or 同 or 動, 1957–1982 spelling dɵŋƅ)
* some; a few

##### Derived terms

* doenghduz
* doenghgij
* doenghgo
* doenghyiengh

### Etymology 3

From Chinese 動 (MC duwngX).

#### Verb

doengh (1957–1982 spelling dɵŋƅ)
* (intransitive) to move; to stir
    Synonym: senj
* (transitive) to move; to shift
* (transitive) to play (a game in which pieces are moved, e.g. chess)
* (intransitive) to take action
* (transitive) to use; to put to use
* (transitive) to affect; to disturb
* (intransitive) to wobble; to waver; to move
* (intransitive) to waver; to vacillate; to waffle
# Penstemon
## Translingual
### Etymology

From the specific epithet of Chelone pentstemon, the name used by Carl Linnaeus for Penstemon laevigatus, a blend of Ancient Greek πεντα- (penta-, “five”) +‎ στήμων (stḗmōn, “thread”), because of its sterile fifth stamen (staminode).

### Proper noun

Penstemon m
* A taxonomic genus within the family Plantaginaceae – the beardtongues, native to east Asia and North America.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Plantae – kingdom; Viridiplantae – subkingdom; Streptophyta – infrakingdom; Embryophyta – superphylum; Tracheophyta – phylum; Spermatophytina – subphylum; angiosperms, eudicots, core eudicots, asterids, euasterids I - clades; Lamiales - order; Plantaginaceae - family; Cheloneae - tribe

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Penstemon hirsutus - type species; for other species see Penstemon on WikispeciesWikispecies or Penstemon on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: պենտստեմոն (pentstemon) (learned)
* → English: penstemon (learned)
* → French: penstemon (learned)
* → Lithuanian: penstemonas (learned)
* → Russian: пенстемон (penstemon) (learned)
* → Swedish: penstemon (learned)

### References

* Penstemon on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Penstemon on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Penstemon on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Penstemon at USDA Plants database
* ↑ “penstemon, 140375.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
# Seisnia
## Irish
### Etymology

From Russian Чечня́ (Čečnjá).

### Proper noun

An tSeisnia f (genitive na Seisnia)
* Chechnya (a republic of the northern Caucasus of Russia; capital: Grozny)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
Seisnia
vocative
a Sheisnia
genitive
Seisnia
dative
Seisnia
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an tSeisnia
genitive
na Seisnia
dative
leis an tSeisnia don tSeisnia :

#### Derived terms

* Seisniach (“Chechen”, adjective)
* Seisniach m (“a Chechen person”)

#### Related terms

* Seisnis f (“the Chechen language”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* “Chechnya”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
# δαιδάλλω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

The relation between this verb and the adjective δαίδᾰλος (daídălos, “curiously wrought”) is debated. Leumann started from a Mediterranean word *δαίδᾰλον (*daídălon, “ornament”), from which this verb and the compound πολῠδαίδᾰλος (polŭdaídălos, “rich in ornament”) would be derived. Others have taken the verb, which was thought to be an intensive reduplicated formation, as the starting point. Within Greek δέλτος (déltos, “writing tablet”) and δηλέομαι (dēléomai, “to hurt, damage, spoil, waste”) have been compared; further δάλλει (dállei, “to do wrong”) and δόλων (dólōn, “poniard, stiletto”). Not related are several words for "build, split" in other Indo-European languages, like Latin dolō (“to hew”) and Old Irish delb (“form, shape, appearance, statue”). Instead, Beekes considers Pre-Greek origin, for instance through a connection with the personal name Δαίδαλος (Daídalos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dai̯.dál.lɔː/ → /ðɛˈðal.lo/ → /ðeˈða.lo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /dai̯.dál.lɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /dɛˈdal.lo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ðɛˈðal.lo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ðeˈðal.lo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ðeˈða.lo/

### Verb

δαιδᾰ́λλω • (daidắllō)
* (active voice) to work cunningly, embellish, adorn
* (passive voice) to be spotted or marked

#### Derived terms

* δαιδᾰ́λεος (daidắleos)
* δαιδᾰλεύτρῐ́ᾱ (daidăleútrĭ́ā)
* δαίδᾰλμᾰ (daídălmă)
* δαιδᾰλόεις (daidălóeis)
* δαίδᾰλος (daídălos)
* δαιδᾰλουργός (daidălourgós)
* δαιδᾰλόχειρ (daidălókheir)
* δαιδᾰλόω (daidălóō)

### Further reading

* “δαιδάλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “δαιδάλλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “δαιδάλλω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* δαιδάλλω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* δαιδάλλω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* δαιδάλλω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN