OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# polity
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French politie, from Latin polītīa, from Ancient Greek πολιτεία (politeía, “polity, policy, the state”). Doublet of policy and police.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈpɒl.ɪ.ti/
** Audio (UK):(file)
* (US, Canada) IPA: /ˈpɑ.lə.ti/, [ˈpɑ.lə.ɾi]
** Audio (US):(file)
* (General Australian) IPA: /ˈpɔl.ə.ti/, [ˈpɔl.ə.ɾi]

### Noun

polity (countable and uncountable, plural polities)
* (politics, religion, usually uncountable) Organizational structure and governance, especially of a state or a religion.
    Coordinate term: policy
    Church polity was a topic of fierce dispute in 17th-century Britain.
** 1979, Jerome Ch’en, China and the West: Society and Culture, 1815–1937, page 270:Once exposed, Confucianism was to become a political issue, an alternative among other contending ideologies which threatened to change the polity of the empire.
** 1994, John L. Brooke, The Refiner’s Fire: The Making of Mormon Cosmology, 1644–1844, →ISBN, page 42:The utopian community at Ephrata flourished for forty years, and the last celibates at Ephrata died after the turn of the century. It had continuing influences reaching far into the nineteenth century, and in some measure anticipated Mormon polity and cosmology.
** 2011, Jason A. Carbine, Sons of the Buddha: Continuities and Ruptures in a Burmese Monastic Tradition, →ISBN, page 9, note 26:Of course, other visions of Buddhist polity and its relationship to monastic life have occurred throughout the Buddhist world. For example in the seventeenth century Tibetan Buddhists successfully established a theocracy under the guidance of monks […]
* (political science, countable) A politically organized unit, especially a nation of people, a class or ingroup that governs it, or the state ruled thereby.
    New polities emerged in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire.

#### Derived terms

* divine polity

#### Related terms

* police
* policy
* politic
* political
* politician
* politicize
* politics

#### Further reading

* “polity”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “polity”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpolɪtɪ]

### Participle

polity
* inflection of polít:
** inanimate masculine plural passive participle
** feminine plural passive participle
# ginunting
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From gunting +‎ -in-.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: gi‧nun‧ting
* IPA: /ɡiˈnuntiŋ/ [ɡɪˈn̪un̪.t̪ɪŋ]

### Adjective

ginunting
* (of material) cut using a pair of scissors

### Noun

ginunting
* that which was cut using a pair of scissors
* a sword with an inwardly curved blade like that of a kukri

#### Derived terms

* ginuntingan
# haastaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

Probably from Proto-Finnic *hagastadak, derived from unattested *haka (“quarrel, legal matter”) (earlier *šaka), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *sakō. Alternatively, borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Lithuanian žósti (“to say”)). Related to Karelian hoastoa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɑːstɑːˣ/, [ˈhɑ̝ːs̠tɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑːstɑː
* Hyphenation: haas‧taa

### Verb

haastaa
* (transitive) to challenge [with illative ‘to’]
* (transitive, usually atelic) to defy, dare
* (law, transitive) to summon
* (intransitive, regional, Eastern Finnish) to speak, talk
    Synonyms: puhua, kertoa

#### Derived terms

* haastaa oikeuteen
* haastaa riitaa
* haastava
* haastaja
* haaste
* haasto
* haastattaa
* haastella

#### Descendants

* → Ingrian: haastaa

### References

* ↑ Junttila, Santeri. Kantasuomen balttilaislainat 1. (A-)H (2020)

### Further reading

* “haastaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## Ingrian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Finnish haastaa.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈhɑːstɑː/, [ˈhɑːs̠tɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈhɑːstɑː/, [ˈhɑːʃtɑː]
* Rhymes: -ɑːstɑː
* Hyphenation: haas‧taa

### Verb

haastaa
* (intransitive) to speak (in Finnish, rather than Ingrian)

#### Usage notes

* läätä refers to speaking in general, but may imply an Izhorian ethnicity of the speaker. haastaa instead refers to speaking by a (Lutheran) Finn.
* In some Lutheran villages, or those that were formerly Lutheran, haastaa is still used as a basic verb for speaking instead of läätä.

#### Conjugation

Note the irregular gradation (st-ss gradation would be expected)

### References

* Fedor Tumansky (1790) “гаста”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 697
* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 53
# incepción
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin inceptiōnem.

### Noun

incepción f (plural incepciones)
* inception

### Further reading

* Manuel Seco, Olimpia Andrés, Gabino Ramos (2023 August 3) “incepción”, in Diccionario del español actual [Dictionary of Current Spanish] (in Spanish), third digital edition, Fundación BBVA [BBVA Foundation]
# παλάθη
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Has often been connected with πλάσσω (plássō, “to knead”), παλάμη (palámē, “flat of the hand”) and πέλανος (pélanos, “dough, pulp”). However, the semantics of this etymology are not compelling. Furnée compares παλάσια (palásia, “harvested figs”), suggesting a Pre-Greek etymology due to the variation “θ/σ”, but this points to Semitic origin, since “fig” is precisely what Amharic / Tigrinya / Tigre / Gurage / Ge'ez በለስ (bäläs) and Arabic بَلَس (balas) mean and that Ethiopic word even translates the Greek in the Bibles.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pa.lá.tʰɛː/ → /paˈla.θi/ → /paˈla.θi/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pa.lá.tʰɛː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /paˈla.tʰe̝/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /paˈla.θi/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /paˈla.θi/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /paˈla.θi/

### Noun

παλάθη • (paláthē) f (genitive παλάθης); first declension
* cake of preserved fruit, fruitcake

#### Derived terms

* παλαθίον (palathíon)
* παλαθίς (palathís)
* παλαθώδης (palathṓdēs)

#### Descendants

* → Latin: palatha

### References

* “παλάθη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* παλάθη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# Inspektion
## German
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin īnspectiō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɪnspɛkˈtsi̯oːn]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: In‧spek‧ti‧on

### Noun

Inspektion f (genitive Inspektion, plural Inspektionen)
* inspection
* supervision
* servicing

#### Derived terms

* Inspektionsbehörde
* Inspektionsbesuch
* Inspektionsgang
* Inspektionsreise

#### Related terms

* inspizieren

### Further reading

* Inspektion on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$
* “Inspektion” in Duden online
# contradico
## Italian
### Verb

contradico
* first-person singular present indicative of contradire

### Anagrams

* circondato, concordati, condrocita, ritoccando

## Latin
### Etymology

From contrā- (“against”) +‎ dīcō (“I say, speak”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /kon.traːˈdiː.koː/, [kɔn̪t̪räːˈd̪iːkoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /kon.traˈdi.ko/, [kon̪t̪räˈd̪iːko]

### Verb

contrādīcō (present infinitive contrādīcere, perfect active contrādīxī, supine contrādictum); third conjugation, irregular short imperative
* (often with dative) to speak or allege against, oppose; contradict, gainsay
** c. 530-533 C.E., Justinian I, Corpus Juris Civilis: Pandects, 11.7.14.13
    huic contradici potest: "ergo pietatis gratia funerasti"In this instance it can be alleged against the plaintiff, "Therefore you have conducted the funeral through a sense of duty."

#### Usage notes

* Often written separately or inverted, especially during the pre-Augustan period of writing

#### Conjugation

$^1$Old Latin.

#### Synonyms

* (oppose): adversor, oppōnō, refrāgor, repugnō, resistō

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “oppose”): adiuvō, cōnfirmō

#### Derived terms

* contrādīcēns
* contrādīcibilis
* contrādictiō
* contrādictor
* contrādictōrius

#### Related terms

* abdīcō
* addīcō
* benedīcō
* condīcō
* dīcō
* ēdīcō
* indīcō
* interdīcō
* maledīcō
* praedīcō
* prōdīcō
* superdīcō

#### Descendants

* Catalan: contradir
* English: contradict
* French: contredire
* Galician: contradicir
* Italian: contraddire
* Portuguese: contradizer
* Romanian: contrazice
* Spanish: contradecir

### References

* “contradico”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “contradico”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* contradico in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to contradict some one: dicere contra aliquem or aliquid (not contradicere alicui)
# dampog
## Bikol Central
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /damˈpoɡ/ [d̪amˈpoɡ]
* Hyphenation: dam‧pog

### Noun

dampóg (Basahan spelling ᜇᜋ᜔ᜉᜓᜄ᜔)
* (Naga) fog; mist; haze
    Synonym: ambon
* (Naga) damp; moist
    Synonyms: alumaad, luom
* (Tabaco–Legazpi–Sorsogon) cloud
    Synonyms: panganuron, ulap

#### Derived terms

* madampog
* madampogan
* magdampog

#### See also

* alapaap
* dagom
* rumarom

## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: dam‧pog
* IPA: /ˈdampoɡ/ [ˈd̪am.poɡ]

### Noun

dámpog
* (Southern Leyte) cloud
    Synonym: panganod

#### Synonyms

* alura (in Sanchez's Vocabulario de la Lengua Bisaya, 1711)

## Masbatenyo
### Noun

dampóg
* cloud
    Synonym: panganod

## Waray-Waray
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /damˈpoɡ/, [damˈpuɡ]
* Hyphenation: dam‧pog

### Noun

dampóg
* cloud

#### Derived terms

* madampog
# baley
## Keley-I Kallahan
### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *balay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balay, from Proto-Austronesian *balay.

### Noun

baley
* house

## Matigsalug Manobo
### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *balay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balay, from Proto-Austronesian *balay.

### Noun

baley
* house

## Pangasinan
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Philippine *balay, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *balay, from Proto-Austronesian *balay.

#### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ba‧ley
* IPA: /ˈbalɨj/, [ˈba.lɨɪ̯]

#### Noun

bálëy
* town
* city
* village

##### Derived terms

* kabaleyan
* sankabaleyan

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ba‧ley
* IPA: /baˈlɨj/, [baˈlɨɪ̯]

#### Noun

balë́y
* shell; eggshell

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from English ballet.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /baˈlej/ [bɐˈleɪ̯]
* Rhymes: -ej
* Syllabification: ba‧ley

### Noun

baléy (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜎᜒᜌ᜔)
* ballet

### Anagrams

* bayle
# sobrevida
## Portuguese
### Noun

sobrevida f (plural sobrevidas)
* survival

#### Related terms

* sobrevir

## Spanish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sobɾeˈbida/ [so.β̞ɾeˈβ̞i.ð̞a]
* Rhymes: -ida
* Syllabification: so‧bre‧vi‧da

### Noun

sobrevida f (plural sobrevidas)
* (medicine) survival

#### Related terms

* sobrevivir

### Further reading

* “sobrevida”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# rqn.
## English
### Noun

rqn. (plural rqns.)
* Abbreviation of requisition.
# պայթիմ
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* պայթեմ (paytʻem), պայթնում (paytʻnum)

### Etymology

Sound-symbolic formation, like the synonymous ճայթեմ (čaytʻem) and Turkish patlamak.

### Verb

պայթիմ • (paytʻim)
* (intransitive) to burst, to crack, to split, to break, to cleave
* (intransitive, figuratively) to be transported by pride, to be puffed up

#### Derived terms

* անպայթելի (anpaytʻeli)
* անպայթուն (anpaytʻun)
* պայթեմ (paytʻem)
* պայթեցուցանեմ (paytʻecʻucʻanem)
* պայթիւն (paytʻiwn)
* պայթիք (paytʻikʻ)
* պայթոտիմ (paytʻotim)
* պայթումն (paytʻumn)
* պայթուցանեմ (paytʻucʻanem)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: պայթել (paytʻel) (learned)

### References

* ↑ Ġapʻancʻyan, Gr. (1927) “Hneabanakan” mi kʻani mnacʻordner hayerenum, Stugabanutʻyunner – “aṙiwc”, “morm”, “xlēz” [Some "paleontological" remains in Armenian; Etymologies – “aṙiwc”, “morm”, “xlēz”] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Haypoligrafhrat № 2 Press, page 20
* ↑ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “պայթել”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 619a

### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “պայթիմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “պայթ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 16–17, unknown origin
* Bugge, Sophus (1892) “Beiträge zur etymologischen Erläuterung der armenischen Sprache”, in Indogermanische Forschungen (in German), volume 1, page 455, derives from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd-
* Hiwnkʻearpēyēntean, Yovhannēs (1894) “պայթիմ”, in Stugabanakan baṙaran hayocʻ lezui [Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Language]‎ (in Armenian), Constantinople: G. Paġtatlean Press, page 217a, connects with Turkish patlamak
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “պայթեմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# double full
## English
### Alternative forms

* double-full

### Noun

double full (plural double fulls)
* (freestyle skiing) an aerialist maneuver consisting of a backflip in conjunction and simultaneous with two complete twists

#### Derived terms

* double full-double full
* double full-double full-double full
* double full-full
* full-double full
* full-double full-full
* lay-double full
* lay-double full-full

#### Related terms

* full (backflip with twist)
# singhal
## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /siŋˈhal/ [sɪŋˈhal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: sing‧hal

### Noun

singhál (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜅ᜔ᜑᜎ᜔)
* sudden and loud outburst of anger
    Synonyms: sikmat, burasga, paninigaw, burag
* sudden growl or snarl (as of a dog)
* (dialectal) snap or snatch of the mouth (as of a dog)

#### Derived terms

* maninghal
* singhalan
* singhalin
* suminghal
# ngwz
## Zhuang
### Etymology

From Proto-Tai *ŋwɯːᴬ (“snake”). Cognate with Thai งู (nguu), Northern Thai ᨦᩪ, Lao ງູ (ngū), Lü ᦇᦴ (nguu), Tai Dam ꪉꪴ, Shan ငူး (ngúu), Tai Nüa ᥒᥧᥰ (ngü), Ahom 𑜂𑜥 (ṅū), Bouyei ngeaz, Nong Zhuang nguz, Saek งั๊ว.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Zhuang) IPA: /ŋɯ˧˩/
* Tone numbers: ngw$^2$
* Hyphenation: ngwz

### Noun

ngwz (Sawndip forms 蚅 or 𫋍 or 𧈭, 1957–1982 spelling ŋɯƨ)
* snake

#### Derived terms

* ngwzboengz
* ngwzcienz
* ngwzfeiz
* ngwzgapdan
* ngwzgapndoengj
* ngwzgvej
* ngwzheu
* ngwzsonggyaeuj
# словозміна
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From сло́во (slóvo) +‎ змі́на (zmína).

### Pronunciation

IPA: [sɫɔwozʲˈmʲinɐ]

### Noun

словозмі́на • (slovozmína) f inan (genitive словозмі́ни, uncountable)
* (grammar) inflection

#### Derived terms

* словозмі́нний (slovozmínnyj)
# Valentín
## Icelandic
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Valentinus, from valeō (“I am strong, healthy”).

### Proper noun

Valentín m (proper noun, genitive singular Valentíns)
* a male given name, equivalent to English Valentine

#### Related terms

* Valentína

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvaʎenciːn]

### Proper noun

Valentín m pers (genitive singular Valentína, nominative plural Valentínovia, declension pattern of chlap)
* a male given name
* a surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Valentín”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /balenˈtin/ [ba.lẽn̪ˈt̪ĩn]
* Rhymes: -in
* Syllabification: Va‧len‧tín

### Proper noun

Valentín m
* a male given name from Latin, equivalent to English Valentine

#### Derived terms

* Día de San Valentín

#### Related terms

* Valentina
# Diket
## English
### Proper noun

Diket
* A barangay of Umingan, Pangasinan, Philippines.
# оглянутися
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From огля́нути (ohljánuty) +‎ -ся (-sja). Compare Russian огляну́ться (ogljanútʹsja), Belarusian агляну́цца (ahljanúcca).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɔˈɦlʲanʊtesʲɐ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

огля́нутися • (ohljánutysja) pf (imperfective огляда́тися)
* to look around, to take a look around
* (sometimes with наза́д) to look back, to take a look back, to glance back (to look behind oneself)
* (figuratively) to look back (to think of (past events) in retrospect) [with наза́д (nazád) (optionally) and на (na, + accusative) ‘at’]
* (perfective only) to notice (especially the absence of somebody/something)

#### Synonyms

* огле́дітися pf (ohléditysja) (colloquial)
* огля́дітися pf (ohljáditysja) (rare)

#### Derived terms

* огля́нутися на за́дні коле́са pf (ohljánutysja na zádni kolésa)

### References

* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2020), “оглянутися”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 11 (обмін – оя́снювати), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN, page 162
* “оглянутися”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1974), “оглядатися”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 5 (Н – О), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 616
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “оглянутися”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “оглянутися”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “оглянутися”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “оглянутися”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# cesaś
## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *česati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *késtei; cognate with Upper Sorbian česać, Polish czesać, Czech česat, Russian чеса́ть (česátʹ), Old Church Slavonic чесати (česati).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtsɛsaɕ]

### Verb

cesaś impf (perfective pócesaś)
* to comb (groom the hair with a toothed implement)

#### Conjugation

| Present | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | cešu; cešom | cešomej | cešomy |
| 2nd person | cešoš | cešotej | cešośo |
| 3rd person | cešo | cešotej | cešu |
| Preterite | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | cesach | cesachmej | cesachmy |
| 2nd person | cesašo | cesaštej | cesašćo |
| 3rd person | cesašo | cesaštej | cesachu |
| Imperative | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 2nd person | ceš | ceštej | cešćo |

##### Participles

* Present active: cešucy; cesajucy
* Perfect active ("ł-form"): cesał
* Perfect passive: cesany

##### Infinitive

    cesaś

##### Supine

    cesat

##### Verbal noun

    cesanje
Can also be inflected according to the a-conjugation:
| Present | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | cesam | cesamej | cesamy |
| 2nd person | cesaš | cesatej | cesaśo |
| 3rd person | cesa | cesatej | cesaju |
| Preterite | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | cesach | cesachmej | cesachmy |
| 2nd person | cesašo | cesaštej | cesašćo |
| 3rd person | cesašo | cesaštej | cesachu |
| Imperative | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 2nd person | cesaj | cesajtej | cesajśo |

##### Participles

* Present: cesajucy
* Past active (“ł-form”): cesał
* Past passive: cesany

##### Infinitive

    cesaś

##### Supine

    cesat

##### Verbal noun

    cesanje

#### Derived terms

* nacesaś
* pśecesaś
* rozcesaś
* scesaś
* wobcesaś
* wócesaś
* wótcesaś
* wucesaś

#### Related terms

* cesak m (“comb”)

### Further reading

* Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “cesaś”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
* Starosta, Manfred (1999) “cesaś”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
# Trường Sa
## English
### Alternative forms

* Truong Sa

### Etymology

Borrowed from Vietnamese Trường Sa.

### Proper noun

Trường Sa
* Spratly Islands (an archipelago in the South China Sea, Pacific Ocean).
* An island district of Khánh Hoà, Vietnam.
* A township in Trường Sa district, Khánh Hoà, Vietnam.

#### Translations
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 長沙, composed of 長 and 沙.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [t͡ɕɨəŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʈɨəŋ˦˩ ʂaː˧˧] ~ [ʈɨəŋ˦˩ saː˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʈɨəŋ˨˩ ʂaː˧˧] ~ [ʈɨəŋ˨˩ saː˧˧]

### Proper noun

Trường Sa
* Spratly Islands (an archipelago in the South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)
* Spratly Island (a coral island of the Spratly Islands, South China Sea, Pacific Ocean)
* Trường Sa (an island district of Khánh Hoà, Vietnam)
* Trường Sa (a township in Trường Sa district, Khánh Hoà, Vietnam)
* Changsha (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Hunan, China)
* Changsha (a county of Changsha, Hunan, China)

#### Derived terms

* quần đảo Trường Sa

#### Descendants

* → English: Truong Sa, Trường Sa
# Sumbawan
## English
### Etymology

From Sumbawa +‎ -an.

### Adjective

Sumbawan (comparative more Sumbawan, superlative most Sumbawan)
* Of or relating to the island of Sumbawa.

#### Derived terms

* Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan

### Noun

Sumbawan (plural Sumbawans)
* A native or inhabitant of Sumbawa.
# ზაბუნი
## Laz
### Alternative forms

* ძაბუნი (żabuni) — Khopa–Batumi

### Etymology

From Persian زبون (zabun, “humbled, vanquished, weak, helpless, abject”).

### Adjective

ზაბუნი • (zabuni) (Latin spelling zabuni) (Atina, Vizha, Artasheni, Vitse–Arkabi, Azlagha)
* ill, sick
    Synonyms: ხასტა (xasťa), ხარმელი (xarmeli)
    ჯუმადი-ჩქიმი ზაბუნი რენcumadi-çkimi zabuni renMy uncle is sick

### Noun

ზაბუნი • (zabuni) (Latin spelling zabuni) (Atina, Vizha, Artasheni, Vitse–Arkabi, Azlagha)
* patient
    Synonyms: ხასტა (xasťa), ხარმელი (xarmeli)
    ზაბუნიშ ოხორიზ ოზაბუნლუღი ა ფიჩორაზ იღოდინენzabuniş oxoriz ozabunluği a piçoraz iğodinenIn the patient's home, the disease is transmitted in a short time

### Derived terms

* ოზაბუნუ (ozabunu)
* ძაბუნობა (żabunoba)
* ძაბუნება (żabuneba)
* ზაბუნობა (zabunoba)
* იძაბუნენ (iżabunen)
* იზაბუნენ (izabunen)
* ზაბუნლუღი (zabunluği)
* ოზაბუნლუღი (ozabunluği)
* ფურქიზაბუნი (purkizabuni)

### Further reading

* Kojima, Gôichi (2012–) “zabuni”, in Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı‎ (in Turkish)
* Tandilava, Ali (2013) “ზაბუნი”, in Merab Čuxua, Natela Kutelia, Lile Tandilava, Lali Ezugbaia, editors, Lazuri leksiḳoni [Laz Dictionary]‎, online version prepared by Levan Vašaḳiʒe, Tbilisi