# patella
## English
### Etymology 1

From Latin patella (“a small pan or dish, a plate; the kneepan, patella”), diminutive of patina (“a broad shallow dish, pan”). Doublet of paella.

#### Pronunciation

* (US) enPR: pətĕl'ə, IPA: /pəˈtɛlə/
* Audio (US):(file)

#### Noun

patella (plural patellas or patellae)
* (anatomy) The sesamoid bone of the knee; the kneecap.
** 2004, Ann Seranne, The Joy of Breeding Your Own Show Dog, page 188:Subluxed patellas, more commonly referred to as slipped stifles, like all inherited factors will continue to cripple a breed as long as breeders continue to mate affected animals.
** 2005, Roger E. Stevenson, 20: Limbs, Roger E. Stevenson, Judith G. Hall, Human Malformations and Related Anomalies, page 920,
    Since patella diameter is a feature of continuous variation, the majority of small patellas represent simply the lower extreme of normal anatomic variation.
** 2006, Erik Trinkaus, “18: The Lower Limb Remains”, in Erik Trinkaus, Jiří Svoboda, editors, Early Modern Human Evolution in Central Europe, page 395:Both patellae are well preserved for Dolni Věstonice 3 and 13-15, and the left patella remains for Dolni Věstonice 16 (Figures 18.22 to 18.26).
** 2009, P. Tohomson, “14: Assessment of the paediatric patient”, in Ben Yates, editor, Merriman's Assessment of the Lower Limb, page 401:The patellae may be up to 30° externally rotated at birth. In young children it is considered normal for the patellae to be externally rotated, but by 5 years of age the patellae should face forwards.
* A little dish or vase.

##### Synonyms

* (kneecap): kneecap, kneepan, rotula

##### Derived terms

* nail-patella syndrome
* patella femoral pain syndrome
* patellar
* patellar reflex
* patellate

##### Related terms

* chondromalacia patellae
* nail-patella syndrome
* patella femoral pain syndrome
* patellar
* patellar reflex
* patellate

##### Translations
#### Further reading

* “patella”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “patella”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “patella”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

patella (plural patellas)
* Alternative form of putelee (“type of boat”)

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin patella.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈtɛl.la/
* Rhymes: -ɛlla
* Hyphenation: pa‧tèl‧la

### Noun

patella f (plural patelle)
* (anatomy) patella, kneecap, rotula
* (mollusk) limpet

#### Derived terms

* patellare

## Latin
### Etymology

From patina (“a broad shallow dish, pan”) or patera (“broad flat dish”) +‎ -la (diminutive suffix).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /paˈtel.la/, [päˈt̪ɛlːʲä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /paˈtel.la/, [päˈt̪ɛlːä]

### Noun

patella f (genitive patellae); first declension
* a small or shallow pan or dish
* the kneecap, patella
* a disease of the olive tree

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* patellula (New Latin)

#### Descendants

* Dalmatian:
** padella
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: padella
** Sicilian: pateḍḍa, padeḍḍa
* Padanian:
** Emilian: padèla
** Friulian: padiele
** Ligurian: poêla, paêla, paila
** Lombard: padèla
** Piedmontese: pèila, paila, pèla, pajela
** Romansch: pateala, patela, patella
** Romagnol: padèla
** Venetan: paeła
* Northern Gallo-Romance:
** Franco-Provençal: péla, péila, paira
** Old French: paelle, païelle
*** Middle French: païelle, poeille, poile, paele, poesle etc.
**** French: poêle
***** → South Slavey: libé
***** → Spanish: puela
**** Norman: paêle, pêle
* Southern Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: paella, padella, paiella, pella
*** → Spanish: paella
**** → English: paella
** Occitan:
    Auvergnat: padela
    Gascon: padèra, padèira
    Languedocien: padèla
    Limousin: paela, padela, pela, piela
    Vivaro-Alpine: peila, pela, paela, padela
* Ibero-Romance:
** → Galician: patela
** → Portuguese: patela
** Portuguese: padela
** Old Leonese: padiella*
*** Asturian: padiella, payella
*** Leonese: paila
*** Mirandese: padielha
** Spanish: padilla, paila
* Borrowings:
** → English: patella
** → French: patelle
** → Ancient Greek: πάτελλα (pátella)
** → Polish: patelnia
** → Welsh: padell
* → Translingual: Patella

### References

* “patella”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “patella”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* patella in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* patella in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “patella”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “patella”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
* “patella”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin