# jz
## Egyptian
### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /iz/
** Conventional anglicization: iz

### Noun

m
* tomb (including both walled structures and rock-cut tombs) [Pyramid Texts to Greco-Roman Period]
    Synonyms: ḥrt, ḥꜣt, mꜥḥꜥt
** 6th Dynasty, Giza, Western Cemetery, Shaft G 2188 Y, Block of sunk relief inscription mentioning the dog Abutiu (35-10-22/Cairo JE 67573), lines 6–9:
    rḏj ḥm.f [s]fṯ ḫwz n[.f] jz jn jzwt nt (j)qdwHis Majesty gave pine oil and (ordered) that a tomb be built for him by a gang of builders.
** 12th Dynasty, coffin of Nakhtankh, British Museum EA 35285:
    qrst nfrt m js.f nfr n ẖrt-nṯr[…] a good burial in his wonderful tomb of the necropolis […]
** c. 1859 BCE – 1813 BCE, The Loyalist Teaching (Stele of Sehetepibre/Cairo CG 20538 Verso) line 19: nn jz n sbj ḥr ḥm.f jw ẖꜣt.f m qmꜣ n mwThere is no tomb for a rebel against His Majesty; his corpse is thrown to the water.
* (often dual during the Old Kingdom) administrative chamber, bureau
** c. 1203 BCE – 1189 BCE, Satirical Letter of Hori (pAnastasi I/British Museum EA 10247) lines 1.1–1.2: … zẖꜣw stpw ḥꜣtj wꜣḥ nḏnḏ r […] ḥm n(j) nb ḫmnw m jsj n(j) zẖꜣwThe scribe, choicest of mind and enduring of advice, [is …] a servant of the lord of Hermopolis in the bureau of writings, […]
* workshop, especially for the preparation of ointments [since the Old Kingdom; chiefly Greco-Roman Period]
** 5th Dynasty, late 25th Century BCE, Saqqara, mortuary complex of Unas, mastaba of Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum, east wall of the rock chamber, south section, top right, scene 30.B, caption in front of Niankhkhnum:
    mꜣꜣ kꜣt m jz n(j) ḥmwt nb(t) jn sḥḏ jr(w)-ꜥnt pr-ꜥꜣ n(j)-ꜥnḫ-ẖnm(w)Viewing of the work in the workshop of all craftsmen by the inspector of manicurists of the palace, Niankhkhnum.

#### Alternative forms

In the sense of ‘tomb’:
| jz | jz | jz | js | jsj | jsj | jst | jst | jst |
| [Old Kingdom] | [Old Kingdom] | [12th Dynasty] | [Middle Kingdom] | [18th Dynasty] | [18th Dynasty] | [New Kingdom] | [Greco-Roman Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] |
| | | | in hieratic |
In the sense of ‘administrative chamber’:
| jz | js | jst |
| | | [19th Dynasty] |
| abbreviation |
In the sense of ‘workshop’:
| jst | jswj |
| [Greco-Roman Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] |

#### Derived terms

* jmj-jz
* jz n kꜣt

### Verb

2-lit.
* (intransitive) to be(come) old, used, from bygone times [since the Middle Kingdom]
    Antonym: mꜣw
* (intransitive) to be(come) in decline, deteriorating, decaying

#### Alternative forms

| jz | jz | jsw | js | jsj |
| [Middle Kingdom] | [Middle Kingdom] | [Middle Kingdom] | [New Kingdom] | [New Kingdom] |
| abbreviation |

#### Derived terms

* jzwt

### References

* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 117, 218.
* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 126.18–126.24, 127.2–127.5, 128.6–128.9
* ↑ Reisner, George A. (1936) “The Dog which was Honored by the King of Upper and Lower Egypt” in Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts, volume XXXIV, number 206, pages 96–99
* ↑ H. O. Lange and H. Schäfer (1908) Grab- und Denksteine des Mittleren Reichs im Museum von Kairo, volume II, page 149
* ↑ Gardiner, Alan (1911) Egyptian Hieratic Texts: Series I: Literary Texts of the New Kingdom: Part I: The Papyrus Anastasi I and the Papyrus Koller, together with the Parallel Texts, page 2
* ↑ Moussa, Ahmed M. and Altenmüller, Hartwig (1977) Das Grab des Nianchchnum und Chnumhotep (Archäologische Veröffentlichungen 21), Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Abt. Kairo, Mainz, page 134 and plate 65

## German
### Adverb

jz
* (Internet slang, text messaging) Alternative spelling of jetzt (“now”)