# peloton
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French peloton (“small ball (of thread, etc.), pellet; (cycling) group of riders formed during a cycling road race; (military) small group of soldiers, platoon”), from pelote (“small ball (of thread, etc.)”) (ultimately from Latin pila (“ball; ball game; globe, sphere”) (probably referring to a ball of hair), from pilus (“strand of hair”), from Proto-Indo-European *pil- (“strand of hair”)) + -on (augmentative suffix). Doublet of platoon.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈpɛlətɒn/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˌpɛləˈtɑn/
* Rhymes: (GA pronunciation) -ɒn
* Hyphenation: pe‧lot‧on

### Noun

peloton (plural pelotons)
* (cycle racing) A group of riders formed during a cycling road race; especially, the main group of riders; the pack.
** 2006 July 15, “Tour de France 2006: Life is rarely dull among the bottle-carriers and peloton pushers”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 15 March 2016:For the most part, though, the good stuff did not come in following a break of three riders, nor sitting 20 metres in front of the peloton watching its arrow head glide across the plains of south-west France. It was at the back of the peloton, in the engine room, where things really got interesting. It is a remarkable thing, the peloton. In the distance, or from the aerial shots showing it stretching and contracting, or splitting down the middle to allow it to flow smoothly around a roundabout, the 175 individual cyclists resemble a single unit, a fluid, malleable whole.
** 2012 July 15, Richard Williams, “Tour de France 2012: Carpet tacks cannot force Bradley Wiggins off track”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 31 March 2022:The summit of the climb came 38km from the end of stage 14, which began in Limoux and ended in Foix in the foothills of the Pyrenees, and the incident occurred as the peloton emerged into the light and passed under the banner at the top, a quarter of an hour behind a five-man breakaway.
* (military, chiefly historical) Synonym of platoon (“a small group of soldiers”) or synonym of section (cognate with the former; not invariably synonymous with it, depending on century of use)
** 1819, Jedediah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter VI, in Tales of My Landlord, Third Series. […], volume IV (A Legend of Montrose), Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC, page 135:And so here, I suppose you intend to make a stand against your followers, Ranald—voto a Dios, as the Spaniard says—a very pretty position—as pretty a position for a small peloton of men as I have seen in my service—no enemy can come towards it by the road without being at the mercy of cannon and musket.
** 1840 November, R[ichard] W[illiam] H[oward] Howard Vyse, “Some Account of the Composition and Force of the Egyptian Army”, in The United Service Journal and Naval and Military Magazine, part III, number 144, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 307:A regiment of cavalry consists of six squadrons, each squadron of four pelotons, each peloton of two companies, each company of two escouardes, and each escouarde of two men.
** 1864, Richard F[rancis] Burton, “We Enter Whydah in State”, in A Mission to Gelele, King of Dahome. […], volume I, London: Tinsley Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 44:Then the chief of each peloton came forward, snapped fingers with us as we sat on our chairs under the tree, our guards ranged on the right, a mob of gazers—women scratching and boys pulling—on the left, and an open space in front.
** 2000, Margers Vestermanis, “Local Headquarters Liepaja: Two Months of German Occupation in the Summer of 1941”, in Hannes Heer, Klaus Naumann, editors, War of Extermination: The German Military in World War II, 1941–1944 (Studies on War and Genocide; 3), New York, N.Y.: Berghahn Books, published 2009, →ISBN, page 232:In Bauske, on 2 July, the local commandant had twenty hostages publicly shot at the Memel bridge by a peloton supplied by the local headquarters, allegedly in "reprisal" for the German soldiers who had fallen in the battles for the town.

#### Usage notes

Not to be confused with peleton (“small pellet or ball”).

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ “peloton, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “peloton, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

### Further reading

* peloton on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* peloton (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* glossary of cycling on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* ploonet

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpɛloton]

### Noun

peloton m inan
* peloton

#### Declension
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French peloton, derived in turn from pelote +‎ -on.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

peloton n (plural pelotons, diminutive pelotonnetje n)
* platoon
* (cycling) peloton

#### Derived terms

* executiepeloton
* mortierpeloton
* pelotonrijden
* pelotonscommandant
* pelotonsgewijze
* pelotonsvuur
* strafpeloton
* tankpeloton
* verkenningspeloton
* vuurpeloton

#### Descendants

* → Caribbean Hindustani: paltan
* → Indonesian: peleton

### Anagrams

* ontlope

## Esperanto
### Noun

peloton
* accusative singular future nominal passive participle of peli

## Finnish
### Etymology

pelko +‎ -ton

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpeloton/, [ˈpe̞lo̞t̪o̞n]
* Rhymes: -eloton
* Hyphenation: pe‧lo‧ton

### Adjective

peloton (comparative pelottomampi, superlative pelottomin)
* fearless, daring

#### Declension

Possessive forms of peloton (Kotus type 34*C/onneton, tt-t gradation) :
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pelottomani
pelottomani
accusative
nom.
pelottomani
pelottomani
gen.
pelottomani
genitive
pelottomani
pelottomieni pelotonteni $^{rare}$
partitive
pelotontani
pelottomiani
inessive
pelottomassani
pelottomissani
elative
pelottomastani
pelottomistani
illative
pelottomaani
pelottomiini
adessive
pelottomallani
pelottomillani
ablative
pelottomaltani
pelottomiltani
allative
pelottomalleni
pelottomilleni
essive
pelottomanani
pelottominani
translative
pelottomakseni
pelottomikseni
abessive
pelottomattani
pelottomittani
instructive
comitative
—pelottomineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pelottomasi
pelottomasi
accusative
nom.
pelottomasi
pelottomasi
gen.
pelottomasi
genitive
pelottomasi
pelottomiesi pelotontesi $^{rare}$
partitive
pelotontasi
pelottomiasi
inessive
pelottomassasi
pelottomissasi
elative
pelottomastasi
pelottomistasi
illative
pelottomaasi
pelottomiisi
adessive
pelottomallasi
pelottomillasi
ablative
pelottomaltasi
pelottomiltasi
allative
pelottomallesi
pelottomillesi
essive
pelottomanasi
pelottominasi
translative
pelottomaksesi
pelottomiksesi
abessive
pelottomattasi
pelottomittasi
instructive
comitative
—pelottominesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pelottomamme
pelottomamme
accusative
nom.
pelottomamme
pelottomamme
gen.
pelottomamme
genitive
pelottomamme
pelottomiemme pelotontemme $^{rare}$
partitive
pelotontamme
pelottomiamme
inessive
pelottomassamme
pelottomissamme
elative
pelottomastamme
pelottomistamme
illative
pelottomaamme
pelottomiimme
adessive
pelottomallamme
pelottomillamme
ablative
pelottomaltamme
pelottomiltamme
allative
pelottomallemme
pelottomillemme
essive
pelottomanamme
pelottominamme
translative
pelottomaksemme
pelottomiksemme
abessive
pelottomattamme
pelottomittamme
instructive
comitative
—pelottominemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pelottomanne
pelottomanne
accusative
nom.
pelottomanne
pelottomanne
gen.
pelottomanne
genitive
pelottomanne
pelottomienne pelotontenne $^{rare}$
partitive
pelotontanne
pelottomianne
inessive
pelottomassanne
pelottomissanne
elative
pelottomastanne
pelottomistanne
illative
pelottomaanne
pelottomiinne
adessive
pelottomallanne
pelottomillanne
ablative
pelottomaltanne
pelottomiltanne
allative
pelottomallenne
pelottomillenne
essive
pelottomananne
pelottominanne
translative
pelottomaksenne
pelottomiksenne
abessive
pelottomattanne
pelottomittanne
instructive
comitative
—pelottominenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
pelottomansa
pelottomansa
accusative
nom.
pelottomansa
pelottomansa
gen.
pelottomansa
genitive
pelottomansa
pelottomiensa pelotontensa $^{rare}$
partitive
pelotontaan pelotontansa
pelottomiaan pelottomiansa
inessive
pelottomassaan pelottomassansa
pelottomissaan pelottomissansa
elative
pelottomastaan pelottomastansa
pelottomistaan pelottomistansa
illative
pelottomaansa
pelottomiinsa
adessive
pelottomallaan pelottomallansa
pelottomillaan pelottomillansa
ablative
pelottomaltaan pelottomaltansa
pelottomiltaan pelottomiltansa
allative
pelottomalleen pelottomallensa
pelottomilleen pelottomillensa
essive
pelottomanaan pelottomanansa
pelottominaan pelottominansa
translative
pelottomakseen pelottomaksensa
pelottomikseen pelottomiksensa
abessive
pelottomattaan pelottomattansa
pelottomittaan pelottomittansa
instructive
comitative
—pelottomineen pelottominensa :

#### Derived terms

* pelottomasti
* pelottomuus

#### Related terms

* pelko
* pelokas
* pelätä

### Further reading

* “peloton”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* peltoon

## French
### Etymology

From pelote +‎ -on.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pə.lɔ.tɔ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

peloton m (plural pelotons)
* small ball (of thread etc.)
* (military) platoon
* pack, bunch (of cyclists etc.)

#### Derived terms

* peloton d’exécution
* pelotonner, pelotonnement
* pelotonneur

#### Descendants

* → English: peloton
* → German: Peloton
* → Portuguese: pelotão
* → Spanish: pelotón

### Further reading

* “peloton”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.