# 刺激
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cìjī
    (Zhuyin): ㄘˋ ㄐㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ci$^3$ gik$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhiuk-kit
* Eastern Min (BUC): ché̤ṳ-gék
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhì-kek / chhì-kiak / chhì-khek
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ceng$^3$ gêg$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tshy-ciq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cìjī → cìji (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄘˋ ㄐㄧ → ㄘˋ ˙ㄐㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cìhji̊
*** Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ$^4$-chi$^5$
*** Yale: tsz̀-ji
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyh.ji
*** Palladius: цыцзи (cyczi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/ → /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹ d͡ʑ̥i¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ci$^3$ gik$^1$
*** Yale: chi gīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsi$^3$ gik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qi$^3$ gig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiː³³ kɪk̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiuk-kit
*** Hakka Romanization System: qiug$^ˋ$ gid$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qiug$^5$ gid$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯uk̚² kit̚²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ché̤ṳ-gék
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰy²¹³⁻⁵³ $^{(k-)}$ɛiʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhì-kek
*** Tâi-lô: tshì-kik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chie'keg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰi²¹⁻⁵³ kiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰi²¹⁻⁴¹ kiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰi¹¹⁻⁵³ kiɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhì-kiak
*** Tâi-lô: tshì-kiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chie'kiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kiak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhì-khek
*** Tâi-lô: tshì-khik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chie'qeg
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰi²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰiɪk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰi¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰiɪk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ceng$^3$ gêg$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshṳ̀ng kek
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɯŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kek̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tshy-ciq
*** MiniDict: tshy$^去$ cih
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tshr-jiq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰz̩³³ t͡ɕiɪʔ⁴⁴/

### Verb

刺激
* to stimulate; to excite; to spur
    刺激法案 ― cìjī fǎ'àn ― stimulus bill
    刺激增長／刺激增长 ― cìjī zēngzhǎng ― to spur growth
* to provoke; to upset; to irritate
** 2013, “最後尾班車”, 高以德 (lyrics), 張宏國 (music)‎performed by 許富凱 [Henry Hsu] and 曹雅雯 [Olivia Tsao]:
       bô-chêng lá-pah siaⁿ chhì-khek gún sim-koaⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       The heartless sound of the horn upsets my heart

#### Synonyms

* (to stimulate): 搞活 (gǎohuó), 興奮／兴奋 (xīngfèn)

#### Derived terms

* 刺激物 (cìjīwù)
* 刺激素
* 強刺激 / 强刺激 (qiángcìjī)

### Adjective

刺激
* exciting; stimulating; thrilling

### Noun

刺激
* (physiology, psychology, economics) stimulus; stimulant

#### Synonyms

* 刺激物 (cìjīwù)

#### Derived terms

* 電刺激 / 电刺激 (diàncìjī)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 刺 | 激 |
| し Grade: S | げき Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi | kan'yōon |
* Alternative spelling
* 刺戟

### Etymology

激 is a daiyōji replacing 戟.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しげき [shìgékí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕiɡe̞kʲi]

### Noun

刺(し)激(げき) • (shigeki)
* stimulus, stimulation, impetus, motivation
** 1913, 島崎藤村, 突貫‎, 青空文庫:
    東京(とうきやう)の友人(いうじん)が戦地(せんち)へ赴(おもむ)く前(まへ)に寄(よこ)した別離(わかれ)の手紙(てがみ)は私(わたし)の心(こころ)に強(つよ)い刺戟(しげき)を与(あた)へた。
       Tōkyō no yūjin ga senchi e omomuku mae ni yokoshita wakare no tegami wa watashi no kokoro ni tsuyoi shigeki o ataeta.
       The farewell letter my friend in Tokyo sent me before he went off to the front caused a great stir in my heart.

#### Derived terms

* 刺激閾(しげきいき) (shigekiiki)
* 刺激運動(しげきうんどう) (shigeki undō)
* 刺激剤(しげきざい) (shigekizai)
* 刺激臭(しげきしゅう) (shigekishū)
* 刺激性(しげきせい) (shigekisei)
* 刺激的(しげきてき) (shigekiteki)
* 刺激伝導系(しげきでんどうけい) (shigeki dendō kei)
* 刺激反応説(しげきはんのうせつ) (shigeki hannō setsu)
* 刺激物(しげきぶつ) (shigekibutsu)
* 刺激薬(しげきやく) (shigekiyaku)
* 刺激療法(しげきりょうほう) (shigeki ryōhō)
* 閾刺激(いきしげき) (ikishigeki)
* 黄体刺激(おうたいしげき)ホルモン (ōtai shigeki horumon)
* 鍵刺激(かぎしげき) (kagi shigeki)
* 強化刺激(きょうかしげき) (kyōka shigeki)
* 甲状腺刺激(こうじょうせんしげき)ホルモン (kōjōsen shigeki horumon)
* 条件刺激(じょうけんしげき) (jōken shigeki)
* 性腺刺激(せいせんしげき)ホルモン (seisen shigeki horumon)
* 適合刺激(てきごうしげき) (tekigō shigeki)
* 適刺激(てきしげき) (tekishigeki)
* 適当刺激(てきとうしげき) (tekitō shigeki)
* 泌乳刺激(ひつにゅうしげき)ホルモン (hitsunyū shigeki horumon)
* 副腎皮質刺激(ふくじんひしつしげき)ホルモン (fukujin hishitsu shigeki horumon)
* 卵胞刺激(らんほうしげき)ホルモン (ranhō shigeki horumon)

### Verb

刺(し)激(げき)する • (shigeki suru) transitive suru (stem 刺(し)激(げき)し (shigeki shi), past 刺(し)激(げき)した (shigeki shita))
* stimulate, quicken, get going, provide an impetus
    好奇心(こうきしん)を刺激(しげき)する
       kōkishin o shigeki suru
       stimulate one's curiosity

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 刺激し | しげきし | shigeki shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 刺激し | しげきし | shigeki shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 刺激する | しげきする | shigeki suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 刺激する | しげきする | shigeki suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 刺激すれ | しげきすれ | shigeki sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 刺激せよ¹ 刺激しろ² | しげきせよ¹ しげきしろ² | shigeki seyo¹ shigeki shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 刺激される | しげきされる | shigeki sareru |
| Causative | 刺激させる 刺激さす | しげきさせる しげきさす | shigeki saseru shigeki sasu |
| Potential | 刺激できる | しげきできる | shigeki dekiru |
| Volitional | 刺激しよう | しげきしよう | shigeki shiyō |
| Negative | 刺激しない | しげきしない | shigeki shinai |
| Negative continuative | 刺激せず | しげきせず | shigeki sezu |
| Formal | 刺激します | しげきします | shigeki shimasu |
| Perfective | 刺激した | しげきした | shigeki shita |
| Conjunctive | 刺激して | しげきして | shigeki shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 刺激すれば | しげきすれば | shigeki sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||