# pion
## English
### Etymology

From pi +‎ -on, as alteration of pi-meson.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaɪɒn/
* Rhymes: -aɪɒn

### Noun

pion (plural pions)
* (physics) Any of three semistable mesons, having positive, negative or neutral charge, composed of up and down quarks/antiquarks.

#### Synonyms

* pi meson

#### Derived terms

* pion rocket

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* INOP, Pino

## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch pion, from French pion, from Middle French pion, from Old French peon, from Late Latin pedō.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

pion (plural pionne, diminutive pionnetjie)
* (chess) pawn; least valuable piece in chess
* a pawn; a person who has no control over their lot, usually manipulated by others to some end

#### Synonyms

* (chess piece): boer

#### See also

Chess pieces in Afrikaans · skaakstukke (skaak + stukke) (layout · text) :
| koning | dame | toring | loper | ruiter | pion |

## Dutch
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from French pion, from Middle French pion, from Old French peon, from Late Latin pedō (“footman”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piˈɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pi‧on
* Rhymes: -ɔn

#### Noun

pion m (plural pionnen, diminutive pionnetje n)
* (chess) pawn
* (boardgames, by extension) piece, pawn (generic player piece in boardgames resembling the pawn in chess)
* (figurative) pawn (someone without control; one who is (easily) manipulated)

##### Derived terms

* dubbelpion
* pionduo
* pionnenketen
* pionnenstructuur
* vergiftigde pion
* vrijpion

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: pion
* → Indonesian: pion

##### See also

Chess pieces in Dutch · schaakstukken (schaak + stukken) (layout · text) :
| koning | koningin, dame | toren | loper, bisschop, raadsheer | paard | pion |

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English pion.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpi.ɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: pi‧on

#### Noun

pion n (plural pionen)
* (physics) pion (subatomic particle)

## Esperanto
### Noun

pion
* accusative singular of pio

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pjɔ̃/

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old French peon, from Late Latin pedōnem, derived from Latin ped- (“foot”). Doublet of péon, which was borrowed from Spanish peón.

#### Noun

pion m (plural pions)
* (chess) pawn
* (figuratively) pawn
* (games) counter

##### Related terms

* pionnier
* hexapion (“hexapawn”)

#### Noun

pion m (plural pions, feminine pionne)
* (school slang) supervisor (in a school)
    Synonym: surveillant

##### See also

Chess pieces in French · pièces d’échecs (layout · text) :
| roi | dame | tour | fou | cavalier | pion |

#### Descendants

* → Dutch: pion
** Afrikaans: pion
** → Indonesian: pion
* → Greek: πιόνι (pióni)
* → Polish: pion
* → Romanian: pion
* → Turkish: piyon

### Etymology 2

English pion. By surface analysis, pi +‎ -on (forming particle names).

#### Noun

pion m (plural pions)
* (physics) pion

### Further reading

* “pion”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch pion (“pawn”), from French pion, from Old French peon, poon, paon, from Late Latin pedō, pedōnem (“footsoldier”), from Latin pēs, pedem (“foot”). Doublet of piung.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pi.on/
* Hyphenation: pi‧on

### Noun

pion
* (chess) pawn
    Synonyms: bidak, piadah, prajurit
* (physics) pion
* (figurative) pioneer
    Synonyms: perintis, pelopor

#### Descendants

* → Malay: pion

#### See also

Chess pieces in Indonesian · buah catur (see also: catur) (layout · text) :
| raja | menteri, patih, ratu, ster | benteng | gajah, loper, menteri, luncung, luncur, peluncur | kuda | bidak, pion, prajurit |

### Further reading

* “pion” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Indonesian pion, from Dutch pion (“pawn”), from French pion, from Old French peon, poon, paon, from Late Latin pedō, pedōnem (“footsoldier”), from Latin pēs, pedem (“foot”). Doublet of piung.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pi.jon]
* Rhymes: -ion, -on
* Hyphenation: pi‧on

### Noun

pion (Jawi spelling ڤيون, plural pion-pion, informal 1st possessive pionku, 2nd possessive pionmu, 3rd possessive pionnya)
* (sports) The pawn piece in chess.
    Synonyms: bidak, piadah (obsolete)
* (physics) A pion.

#### See also

Chess pieces in Malay · buah catur بواه چاتور (layout · text) :
| raja, syah راج, شاه | bendahara, menteri, permaisuri, ratu بنداهارا, منتري, ڤرمايسوري, راتو | benteng, tir بينتيڠ, تير | gajah ݢاجه | kuda کودا | bidak, piadah, pion بيدق, ڤياده, ڤيون |

### Further reading

* “pion” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Hellenistic Ancient Greek παιωνία (paiōnía), from Ancient Greek Παιών (Paiṓn, “Paean, physician of the gods”)/παιών (paiṓn, “a physician”).

### Noun

pion m (definite singular pionen, indefinite plural pioner, definite plural pionene)
* alternative form of peon

### References

* “pion” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Hellenistic Ancient Greek παιωνία (paiōnía), from Ancient Greek Παιών (Paiṓn, “Paean, physician of the gods”)/παιών (paiṓn, “a physician”).

#### Noun

pion m (definite singular pionen, indefinite plural pionar, definite plural pionane)
* alternative form of peon

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

pion n (definite singular pionet, indefinite plural pion, definite plural piona)
* (physics) a pion

### References

* “pion” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Occitan
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

pion m (plural pions)
* (chess) pawn

### See also

Chess pieces in Occitan · pèças d'escacs (layout · text) :
| rèi | rèina | tor | fòl | cavalièr | pion |

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpjɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔn
* Syllabification: pion

### Etymology 1

Perhaps borrowed from Italian piombo, from Latin plumbum. If so, then a doublet of plomba (“filling, seal”).

#### Noun

pion m inan
* the vertical
    Ta ściana nie trzyma pionu. ― This wall is not exactly vertical.
* plumb line
* section; department
    To jest zadanie dla pionu logistycznego. ― This is a task for the logistics department.
* duct; riser; any installations or spaces running vertically in a building
    pion wentylacyjny ― ventilation duct
* (by extension) flats in an apartment block sharing those installations
    W naszym pionie od rana nie ma wody. ― There has been no water in flats above and below us since morning.

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French pion.

#### Noun

pion m inan (diminutive pionek)
* (chess) pawn

##### Declension
#### See also

Chess pieces in Polish · bierki szachowe (layout · text) :
| król | hetman, królowa, królówka, dama | wieża | goniec, laufer, giermek | skoczek, koń, konik | pion, pionek |

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from English pion, a shortened form of pi meson.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpi.jɔn/
* Rhymes: -ijɔn
* Syllabification: pi‧on

#### Noun

pion m inan
* (physics) pion

##### Declension
### Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpjɔn/
* Rhymes: -ɔn
* Syllabification: pion

#### Noun

pion f
* genitive plural of piona

### Further reading

* pion in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pion in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French pion.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [piˈon]

### Noun

pion m (plural pioni)
* (chess) pawn

#### See also

Chess pieces in Romanian · piese de șah (layout · text) :
| rege | regină, damă | tură, turn | nebun | cal | pion |

## Swedish
### Noun

pion c
* peony; a flower
* (physics) pion; any of the semistable π-mesons

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | pion | pions |
| singular | definite | pionen | pionens |
| plural | indefinite | pioner | pioners |
| plural | definite | pionerna | pionernas |

#### Descendants

* → Finnish: pioni