OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# học khu
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 學區.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ xu˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ kʰʊw˧˧] ~ [hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ xʊw˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [hawk͡p̚˨˩˨ kʰʊw˧˧] ~ [hawk͡p̚˨˩˨ xʊw˧˧]

### Noun

học khu
* a school district
# turned the clocks back
## English
### Verb

turned the clocks back
* simple past and past participle of turn the clocks back
# aratameru
## Japanese
### Romanization

aratameru
* Rōmaji transcription of あらためる
# taken breath
## English
### Verb

taken breath
* past participle of take breath
# eskalasi geopolitik
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of eskalasi (“escalation”) +‎ geopolitik (“geopolitics”).

### Noun

eskalasi geopolitik (plural eskalasi-eskalasi geopolitik)
* (international relations) escalation of intensity in relations between countries

### Further reading

* “eskalasi geopolitik” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# gives an inch
## English
### Verb

gives an inch
* third-person singular simple present indicative of give an inch
# học phí
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 學費, composed of 學 (“to study; to learn”) and 費 (“fee; charge”).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [hawk͡p̚˧˨ʔ fi˧˦]
* (Huế) IPA: [hawk͡p̚˨˩ʔ fɪj˨˩˦]
* (Saigon) IPA: [hawk͡p̚˨˩˨ fɪj˦˥]

### Noun

học phí
* (education) tuition fees
# Lubigan Sr.
## English
### Proper noun

Lubigan Sr.
* A barangay of Sipocot, Camarines Sur, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Aldezar, Alteza, Anib, Awayan, Azucena, Bagong Sirang, Binahian, Bolo Norte, Bolo Sur, Bulan, Bulawan, Cabuyao, Caima, Calagbangan, Calampinay, Carayrayan, Cotmo, Gabi, Gaongan, Impig, Lipilip, Lubigan Jr., Lubigan Sr., Malaguico, Malubago, Manangle, Mangapo, Mangga, Manlubang, Mantila, North Centro, North Villazar, Sagrada Familia, Salanda, Salvacion, San Isidro, San Vicente, Serranzana, South Centro, South Villazar, Taisan, Tara, Tible, Tula-tula, Vigaan, Yabo — barangays of Sipocot
# βιογραφίας
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bi.o.ɡra.pʰí.aːs/ → /βi.o.ɣraˈɸi.as/ → /vi.o.ɣraˈfi.as/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /bi.o.ɡra.pʰí.aːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /bi.o.ɡraˈpʰi.as/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /βi.o.ɣraˈɸi.as/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /vi.o.ɣraˈfi.as/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /vi.o.ɣraˈfi.as/
Mark the vowel length of the ambiguous vowels ι, α and ί by adding a macron after each one if it is long, or a breve if it is short. By default, Module:grc-pronunciation assumes it is short if unmarked. [This message shows only in preview mode.]

### Noun

βιογραφίᾱς • (biographíās) f
* genitive singular of βιογραφίᾱ (biographíā)
* accusative plural of βιογραφίᾱ (biographíā)

## Greek
### Noun

βιογραφίας • (viografías) f
* genitive singular of βιογραφία (viografía)
# Mangapo
## English
### Proper noun

Mangapo
* A barangay of Sipocot, Camarines Sur, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Aldezar, Alteza, Anib, Awayan, Azucena, Bagong Sirang, Binahian, Bolo Norte, Bolo Sur, Bulan, Bulawan, Cabuyao, Caima, Calagbangan, Calampinay, Carayrayan, Cotmo, Gabi, Gaongan, Impig, Lipilip, Lubigan Jr., Lubigan Sr., Malaguico, Malubago, Manangle, Mangapo, Mangga, Manlubang, Mantila, North Centro, North Villazar, Sagrada Familia, Salanda, Salvacion, San Isidro, San Vicente, Serranzana, South Centro, South Villazar, Taisan, Tara, Tible, Tula-tula, Vigaan, Yabo — barangays of Sipocot
# North Villazar
## English
### Proper noun

North Villazar
* A barangay of Sipocot, Camarines Sur, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Aldezar, Alteza, Anib, Awayan, Azucena, Bagong Sirang, Binahian, Bolo Norte, Bolo Sur, Bulan, Bulawan, Cabuyao, Caima, Calagbangan, Calampinay, Carayrayan, Cotmo, Gabi, Gaongan, Impig, Lipilip, Lubigan Jr., Lubigan Sr., Malaguico, Malubago, Manangle, Mangapo, Mangga, Manlubang, Mantila, North Centro, North Villazar, Sagrada Familia, Salanda, Salvacion, San Isidro, San Vicente, Serranzana, South Centro, South Villazar, Taisan, Tara, Tible, Tula-tula, Vigaan, Yabo — barangays of Sipocot
# rofen
## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* roven

### Etymology

From rof +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈroːfən/

### Verb

rofen
* (rare) To provide with a roof; to roof.

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | (to) rofen, rofe | (to) rofen, rofe |
| | present tense | past tense |
| 1st-person singular | rofe | rofed |
| 2nd-person singular | rofest | rofedest |
| 3rd-person singular | rofeth | rofed |
| subjunctive singular | rofe | rofed |
| imperative singular | rofe | — |
| plural$^1$ | rofen, rofe | rofeden, rofede |
| imperative plural | rofeth, rofe | — |
| participles | rofynge, rofende | rofed, yrofed |
$^1$Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

#### Descendants

* English: roof
* Scots: ruif

#### References

* “rọ̄fen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-19.

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈro.fen/, [ˈro.ven]

### Participle

rofen
* past participle of rēofan
# aerobatic
## English
### Etymology

Blend of aero- +‎ acrobatic

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌɛːɹ.əˈbæ.tɪk/, /ˌɛːɹ.əʊˈ-/
* (General American) IPA: /ˌɛɚ.əˈbæ.tɪk/, /ɛɚ.oʊˈ-/
* Rhymes: -ætɪk

### Adjective

aerobatic (comparative more aerobatic, superlative most aerobatic)
* Having to do with acrobatic maneuvers, such as spins, twirls, and flips, performed by an airplane.

#### Derived terms

* aerobatically
# exercises the ferret
## English
### Verb

exercises the ferret
* third-person singular simple present indicative of exercise the ferret
# PNS
## English
### Noun

PNS (countable and uncountable, plural PNSs)
* Initialism of peripheral nervous system.
* Initialism of peripheral nervous stimulation, the potential side effect of fast magnetic field changes during MRI procedures.
* Initialism of proto-neutron star.

### Proper noun

PNS
* Initialism of Proto-Nilo-Saharan.

#### Related terms

* (peripheral nervous system): CNS (central nervous system)

### Anagrams

* spn, SNP, PSN, SPN, NPs, NPS

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pe.ˈɛn.ɛs/

### Noun

PNS (uncountable)
* Initialism of pegawai negeri sipil (“civil servant”, literally “civilian government employee”).
# zuichō
## Japanese
### Romanization

zuichō
* Rōmaji transcription of ずいちょう
# ミエリンせう
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of ミエリンせう – see the following entry. :
| 【ミエリン鞘しょう】 | [noun] (neuroanatomy) myelin sheath |
(This term, ミエリンせう (mierinseu), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) :
# cross-transmitted
## English
### Verb

cross-transmitted
* simple past and past participle of cross-transmit
# cross-infecting
## English
### Verb

cross-infecting
* present participle and gerund of cross-infect
# cross-infected
## English
### Verb

cross-infected
* simple past and past participle of cross-infect
# geope
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈje͜oː.pe/

### Verb

ġēope
* inflection of ġēopan:
** first-person singular present indicative
** singular present subjunctive
# balancing the sheets
## English
### Verb

balancing the sheets
* present participle and gerund of balance the sheets
# balanced the sheets
## English
### Verb

balanced the sheets
* simple past and past participle of balance the sheets
# error corrected
## English
### Verb

error corrected
* simple past and past participle of error correct
# error correcting
## English
### Verb

error correcting
* present participle and gerund of error correct
# 下部
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiàbù
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^6$ bou$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ē-pō͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàbù
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàbù
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^4$-pu$^4$
*** Yale: syà-bù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiahbuh
*** Palladius: сябу (sjabu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^6$ bou$^6$
*** Yale: hah bouh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^6$ bou$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^6$ bou$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː²² pou̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ē-pō͘
*** Tâi-lô: ē-pōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: expo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /e²²⁻²¹ pɔ²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /e⁴¹⁻²² pɔ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /e²²⁻²¹ pɔ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /e³³⁻¹¹ pɔ³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /e³³⁻²¹ pɔ³³/

### Noun

下部
* lower part; lower portion; substructure
* (euphemistic) genitalia region
* the last part (in a television or book series)

#### Antonyms

* 上部 (shàngbù)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 下 | 部 |
| か Grade: 1 | ぶ Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||
From Middle Chinese compound 下部 (hæ$^X$ buw$^X$).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かぶ [káꜜbù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ka̠bɯ̟]

#### Noun

下(か)部(ぶ) • (kabu)
* lower part

##### Antonyms

* 上部(じょうぶ) (jōbu)

##### Derived terms

* 下部構造(かぶこうぞう) (kabukōzō)
* 視床下部(ししょうかぶ) (shishōkabu, “hypothalamus”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 下 | 部 |
| しも Grade: 1 | べ Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi ||
Compound of 下(しも) (shimo, “lower”) + 部(べ) (be, “servant to the imperial court”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しもべ [shìmóbé] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) しもべ [shìmóbéꜜ] (Odaka – [3])
* IPA: [ɕimo̞be̞]

#### Noun

For pronunciation and definitions of 下部 – see the following entry. :
| 【僕しもべ】S | [noun] manservant, servant [noun] a man of low social status [noun] a low-ranking civil servant Alternative spelling 隷 |
(This term, 下部, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

#### Proper noun

下(しも)部(べ) • (Shimobe)
* a male given name

### References

* 1 2 3 4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 下 | 部 |

### Noun

下部 • (habu) (hangeul 하부)
* hanja form of 하부 (“lower part”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 下 | 部 |

### Noun

下部
* chữ Hán form of hạ bộ (“external male genitalia”).
# Arabian
## English
### Etymology

From Arabia +‎ -n.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈɹeɪ.bi.ən/
** Audio (London):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪbiən

### Adjective

Arabian (comparative more Arabian, superlative most Arabian)
* Related to Arabia.

#### Derived terms

* Arabian accentor (Prunella fagani)
* Arabian angelfish (Pomacanthus asfur)
* Arabian babbler (Argya squamiceps, syn. Turboides squamiceps)
* Arabian baboon (Papio hamadryas)
* Arabian bustard (Ardeotis arabs)
* Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius)
* Arabian carpetshark (Chiloscyllium arabicum)
* Arabian catshark (Bythaelurus alcockii)
* Arabian chameleon (Chamaeleo arabicus)
* Arabian coffee
* Arabian cowrie/Arabian cowry (Pseudozonaria arabicula)
* Arabian Desert
* Arabian Greyhound
* Arabian Iraq
* Arabian jasmine (Jasminum sambac)
* Arabian leopard
* Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx)
* Arabian senna (Senna alexandrina, syn. Cassia angustifolia)
* Arabian serin (Crithagra rothschildi)
* Arabian shrew (Crocidura arabica)
* Arabian sicklefin chimaera (Neoharriotta pumila)
* Arabian smooth-hound (Mustelus mosis)
* Arabian tahr (Arabitragus jayakari)
* Arabian toothcarp (Aphanius dispar)
* Arabian warbler (Sylvia leucomelaena)
* Arabian waxbill (Estrilda rufibarba)
* Arabian wheatear (Oenanthe lugentoides)
* Arabian wildcat (Felis lybica lybica)
* Arabian wolf (Canis lupus arabs)
* Arabian woodpecker (Dendrocoptes dorae)

#### Related terms

* Arabic

#### Translations
### Noun

Arabian (plural Arabians)
* A native of Arabia.
* An Arabian horse.

#### Derived terms

* Old North Arabian

#### Translations
## Finnish
### Proper noun

Arabian
* genitive singular of Arabia
# got one's hole
## English
### Verb

got one's hole
* simple past and past participle of get one's hole
# gradualisme
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Internationalism

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ɡraduaˈlismə/ [ɡra.du.aˈlis.mə]
* Rhymes: -ismə
* Syllabification: gra‧du‧a‧lis‧me

### Noun

gradualisme (uncountable)
* gradualism:
** the belief that some phenomenon occurs gradually over a long period of time.
** (biology) the belief that evolution proceeds at a steady pace, without the sudden development of new species or biological features from one generation to the next.
** (politics) the belief that change ought to be brought about in small, discrete increments rather than in abrupt strokes such as revolutions or uprisings.

### Further reading

* “gradualisme” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# opened a can of whup ass
## English
### Verb

opened a can of whup ass
* simple past and past participle of open a can of whup ass
# 一匹狼
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 一 | 匹 | 狼 |
| いつ > いっ Grade: 1 | ひき > ぴき Grade: S | おおかみ Jinmeiyō |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いっぴきおおかみ [ìppíkí óꜜòkàmì] (Nakadaka – [5])
* IPA: [ip̚ʲpʲikʲi o̞ːka̠mʲi]

### Noun

一(いっ)匹(ぴき)狼(おおかみ) • (ippiki ōkami)
* lone wolf
# Traité
## Luxembourgish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French traité.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /treˈte/, [treˈte]
* Hyphenation: Trai‧té

### Noun

Traité m (plural Traitéen)
* (diplomacy, international law) treaty (formal binding agreement concluded by subjects of international law)
    Synonym: Vertrag
* (international law) treaty (document)
    Synonym: Vertrag
* (literature) article, scientific paper, treatise

### Further reading

* "Traité" in LOD
# մանշուր
## Middle Armenian
### Alternative forms

* մամշուր (mamšur)

### Etymology

From Arabic مَنْشُور (manšūr).

### Noun

մանշուր • (manšur)
* decree

### Adjective

մանշուր • (manšur)
* spread, propagated, disseminated

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “մանշուր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 270
* Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “մանշուր”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press
# tratat
## Ladin
### Etymology

From Latin tractatus.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

tratat m (plural tratac)
* treaty
* treatise

## Romanian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian trattato, from Latin tractātus. Compare French traité, German Traktat.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /traˈtat/
* Rhymes: -at
* Hyphenation: tra‧tat

#### Noun

tratat n (plural tratate)
* treaty
* treatise

##### Alternative forms

* tractat — dated

##### Related terms

* trata

### Etymology 2

From trata +‎ -at.

#### Adjective

tratat m or n (feminine singular tratată, masculine plural tratați, feminine and neuter plural tratate)
* treated

##### Declension
#### Verb

tratat
* past participle of trata (“to treat”)

### Further reading

* tratat in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
# death sentence
## English
### Noun

death sentence (plural death sentences)
* (law) A decree that someone be put to death as a punishment for a crime; a sentence of execution.
** 2019 May 12, Alex McLevy, “Westeros faces a disastrous final battle on the penultimate Game of Thrones (newbies)”, in The A.V. Club‎, archived from the original on 15 May 2019:Tyrion’s tears contain the symbolic weight of his whole life; he wouldn’t be here if not for Jaime, as he admits, and his last hope is to give the man who risked everything to help him survive the same chance. Tyrion knows it’s a death sentence from Daenerys to betray her in this way, but he no longer cares.
** 1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:Comrades, here and now I pronounce the death sentence upon Snowball.
* (figurative) Anything that spells death.
    Having the Huntington's gene is a death sentence.

#### Derived terms

* anally inflicted death sentence
# framework directive
## English
### Alternative forms

* Framework Directive

### Noun

framework directive (plural framework directives)
* (This entry is a translation hub.)
# re-trodden
## English
### Verb

re-trodden
* past participle of re-tread
# gaff-rigged
## English
### Adjective

gaff-rigged (not comparable)
* (nautical) Of a sailing vessel, constructed with one or more gaff sails.

#### Translations
### Verb

gaff-rigged
* simple past and past participle of gaff-rig
# keeping one's nerve
## English
### Verb

keeping one's nerve
* present participle and gerund of keep one's nerve
# kept one's nerve
## English
### Verb

kept one's nerve
* simple past and past participle of keep one's nerve
# ἀπιστίην
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.pis.tí.ɛːn/ → /a.pisˈti.in/ → /a.pisˈti.in/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.pis.tí.ɛːn/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /a.pisˈti.e̝n/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /a.pisˈti.in/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /a.pisˈti.in/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /a.pisˈti.in/

### Noun

ᾰ̓πῐστῐ́ην • (ăpĭstĭ́ēn) f
* accusative singular of ᾰ̓πῐστῐ́η (ăpĭstĭ́ē)
# উইল
## Bengali
### Etymology

Borrowed from English will.

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /u̯il/, [ˈu̯il]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /u̯il/, [ˈu̯il]

### Noun

উইল • (uil)
* (law) will
    Synonyms: অসিয়ত (ośiẏot), ইচ্ছাপত্র (icchapotro)
# abli ang Gaisano
## Cebuano
### Etymology

Literally, “the Gaisano is open”. After Metro Gaisano, one of the first department stores in Cebu.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ab‧li‧ang‧gai‧sa‧no

### Adjective

abli ang Gaisano
* (dated, humorous) having one's fly open (see usage notes)

#### Usage notes

* Used to candidly tell someone to zip up their fly or to inform them that their fly is open.
# iceboats
## English
### Noun

iceboats
* plural of iceboat

### Verb

iceboats
* third-person singular simple present indicative of iceboat
# ghebòot
## Cimbrian
### Etymology

From Middle High German gebot, from Old High German gibot, from Proto-Germanic *gabudą. Cognate with German Gebot.

### Noun

ghebòot n (plural ghebòote) (Sette Comuni)
* command
* commandment (divinely ordained command)
    Bòlgabar, bénne bar mögan, de sègan ghebòote.We obey the Ten Commandments when we can.

### References

* “ghebòot” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
# konvencio
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [konvenˈt͡sio]
* Rhymes: -io
* Hyphenation: kon‧ven‧ci‧o

### Noun

konvencio (accusative singular konvencion, plural konvencioj, accusative plural konvenciojn)
* convention, custom
    Synonym: kutimo
* convention (formal deliberative assembly)
* convention (treaty)
# plays merry havoc with
## English
### Verb

plays merry havoc with
* third-person singular simple present indicative of play merry havoc with
# Notitts
## Limburgish
### Etymology

From Latin nōtitia

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /noˈtit͡s/
* Rhymes: -it͡s

### Noun

Notitts f (plural Notittse) (Eupen)
* note (memorandum)
* memo
# eats cookie
## English
### Verb

eats cookie
* third-person singular simple present indicative of eat cookie
# took underwing
## English
### Verb

took underwing
* simple past of take underwing
# chicken-necked
## English
### Verb

chicken-necked
* simple past and past participle of chicken-neck
# chicken-necks
## English
### Verb

chicken-necks
* third-person singular simple present indicative of chicken-neck
# új
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *wuďe. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian выль (vyľ), Eastern Mari у (u), Finnish uusi and Estonian uus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈuːj]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uːj

### Adjective

új (comparative újabb, superlative legújabb)
* new
    Antonym: régi

#### Derived terms

* újból
* újdon (archaic) → újdonsült
* (újhodik →) megújhodik
* újít
* (újon), újonnan
* újonc
* újra → újráz
* újság
* újszerű
* újul → megújul
* újbeszél
* újév
* újfajta
* újfent
* újhold
* újszülött
* Dunaújváros
* Új-Anglia
* Új-Dél-Wales
* Új-Guinea
* Új-Kaledónia
* Új-Mexikó
* Új-Skócia
* Új-Spanyolország
* Új-Zéland
* Újdelhi
* Újpest
* Újtestamentum
* Újvilág
* új seprű jól seper

### Further reading

* új in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# توان
## Malay
### Noun

توان (plural توان-توان or توان۲, informal 1st possessive توانکو, 2nd possessive توانمو, 3rd possessive توانڽ)
* Jawi spelling of tuan‎

## Persian
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (twbʾn' /⁠tuwān⁠/, “might; power”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tewh₂- (“to swell, grow, become strong”). Compare Sanskrit तवस् (tavas, “force, power”), Avestan 𐬙𐬎𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀 (tutauua, “to be able”), Proto-Slavic *tỳti (“to become fat”), Ancient Greek σῶς (sôs, “safe and sound”). Note that the verb is from the noun, not the other way around.

### Pronunciation 1

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [tu.ˈwɑːn], [ta.ˈwɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.wɑ́ːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.wɑ́ːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰä.wɑ́ːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰä.wɔ́ːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæ.vɒ́ːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.vɔ́n]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

#### Noun

توان • (tavân)
* power, stamina
    Synonyms: قدرت (qodrat), نیرو (niru)
* ability, competence
    Synonym: توانایی (tavânâyi)
    فراتر از توانم نمی‌توانم تلاش کنم.farâtar az tavân-am ne-mi-tavânam talâš konam.I can't try beyond my ability.
* (physics, engineering) power
* (mathematics) exponent

##### Derived terms

* توانگر (tavângar, “rich, wealthy”)
* توانگری (tavângari, “riches, wealth”)
* ناتوان (nâtavân, “powerless”)

### Pronunciation 2

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [tu.ˈwɑːn], [ta.ˈwɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.wɑ́ːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.wɑ́ːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰɑːn], [t̪ʰʊn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰä.wɔ́ːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæ.vɒ́ːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæ.vɒ́ːn]
** (Tehrani) IPA: [t̪ʰuːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.vɔ́n]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

#### Verb

توان • (tavân)
* present stem form of توانستن (tavânestan)

### References

* Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 386-7
* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “توان”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
* Vullers, Johann August (1855) “توان”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎ (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 475a
* Wolff, Fritz (1935) Glossar zu Firdosis Schahname‎ (in German), Berlin: Reichsdruckerei, page 250b
# switching on the afterburners
## English
### Verb

switching on the afterburners
* present participle and gerund of switch on the afterburners
# switched on the afterburners
## English
### Verb

switched on the afterburners
* simple past and past participle of switch on the afterburners
# pair-bonding
## English
### Verb

pair-bonding
* present participle and gerund of pair-bond