OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# anti-Slavism
## English
### Etymology

From anti- +‎ Slav +‎ -ism.

### Noun

anti-Slavism (uncountable)
* Anti-Slavic sentiment, in general: negative attitude towards Slavic peoples.

#### Related terms

* anti-Slavic
# pro-Russian
## English
### Etymology

From pro- +‎ Russian.

### Adjective

pro-Russian
* Supportive of Russia or Russians. (This entry is a translation hub.)
    Antonym: anti-Russian
# filoarabo
## Italian
### Etymology

From filo- +‎ arabo.

### Adjective

filoarabo (feminine filoaraba, masculine plural filoarabi, feminine plural filoarabe)
* pro-Arab
# nejprotibritštějš
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛjprocɪbrɪtʃcɛjʃ]

### Adjective

nejprotibritštějš
* superlative degree of protibritský
# Osmunda
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Medieval Latin osmunda (“royal fern”)

### Proper noun

Osmunda f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Osmundaceae – flowering ferns, including the royal ferns.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Plantae – kingdom; Viridiplantae – subkingdom; Streptophyta – infrakingdom; Embryophyta – superphylum; Tracheophyta – phylum; Polypodiophytina – subphylum; Polypodiopsida – class; Polypodiidae – subclass; Osmundales – order; Osmundaceae – family

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Osmunda regalis (royal fern) - type species; for other species see Osmunda on WikispeciesWikispecies or Osmunda on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

#### Derived terms

* Osmundastrum
* Claytosmunda

### References

* Osmunda on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Osmunda on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Osmunda on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Osmunda at USDA Plants database
# gójś
## Lower Sorbian
### Alternative forms

* gojsch (obsolete)
* gojś (superseded)

### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gojiti. Cognate with Upper Sorbian hojić, Polish goić, Czech hojit, and Serbo-Croatian gòjiti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɛjɕ/, [ɡejɕ]

### Verb

gójś impf (perfective wugójś)
* to heal (make better from a disease, wound, etc.)

#### Conjugation

| Present | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | gójm | gójmej | gójmy |
| 2nd person | gójš | gójtej | gójśo |
| 3rd person | gój | gójtej | góje |
| Preterite | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st person | gójach | gójachmej | gójachmy |
| 2nd person | gójašo | gójaštej | gójašćo |
| 3rd person | gójašo | gójaštej | gójachu |
| Imperative | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 2nd person | gój | gójtej | gójśo |

##### Participles

* Present: gójecy
* Past active (“ł-form”): gójł
* Past passive: gójty

##### Infinitive

    gójś

##### Supine

    gójt

##### Verbal noun

    gójenje, gójśe

#### Synonyms

* wustrowiś pf
* žyś impf (intransitive)

#### Derived terms

* gójack
* gójadło
* gójaŕ
* gójawka
* gójc
* gójecy
* gójstwo
* gójśe
* wugójś
* zagójś

### Further reading

* Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “gójś”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
* Starosta, Manfred (1999) “gójś”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag
# śniegowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From śnieg +‎ -owy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɕɲɛˈɡɔ.vɘ/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: śnie‧go‧wy

### Adjective

śniegowy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) snow

#### Related terms

* śnieżny
* śnieżysty
* śnieg
* śnieżek
* śnieżka
* śnieżyca
* śnieżynka
* śnieżyć

### Further reading

* śniegowy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* śniegowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# sargento
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from French sergent, from Middle French sergent, from Old French serjant, from Medieval Latin servientem (“a servant, a vassal, a soldier or an apparitor”). Doublet of servente.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /saʁˈʒẽ.tu/ [saɦˈʒẽ.tu]
* (Brazil) IPA: /saʁˈʒẽ.tu/ [saɦˈʒẽ.tu]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /saɾˈʒẽ.tu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /saʁˈʒẽ.tu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /saɻˈʒẽ.to/
* (Portugal) IPA: /sɐɾˈʒẽ.tu/
* Hyphenation: sar‧gen‧to

### Noun

sargento m or f by sense (plural sargentos, feminine sargento or (less common) sargenta, feminine plural sargentos or (less common) sargentas)
* (military) sergeant (rank above that of a corporal)
* (law enforcement) sergeant (rank in some police forces)
* (informal, humorous) captain (someone who bosses others around)

#### Derived terms

* sargentada
* sargentice
* sargento de mar e guerra
* sargento-ajudante
* sargento-mor

#### Descendants

* Kadiwéu: jajeentegi

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish sargente, from Middle French sergent, from Old French sergeant, sergent, serjant, sergient, sergant (“sergeant, servant”), from Medieval Latin servientem (“servant, vassal, soldier, apparitor”), from Latin serviēns (“serving”), present participle of serviō (“to serve or to be a slave to”), from servus (“a slave, a serf or a servant”), perhaps from Etruscan; compare Etruscan proper names 𐌔𐌄𐌓𐌅𐌉 (servi) or 𐌔𐌄𐌓𐌅𐌄 (serve); or from Proto-Italic *serwo, from Proto-Indo-European *serwoh₂. Doublet of sirviente.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /saɾˈxento/ [saɾˈxẽn̪.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -ento
* Syllabification: sar‧gen‧to

### Noun

sargento m or f by sense (plural sargentos, feminine sargento or sargenta, feminine plural sargentos or sargentas)
* sergeant
** 2023 January 13, Laura Fernández, “‘Happy Valley’: Pelear, brillantemente, hasta el final”, in El País‎:Siete años después, llega la tercera y última temporada de la serie que protagoniza Sarah Lancashire en el papel de su vida, el de una durísima y astuta sargento que patrulla una campiña inglesa nada apacible[.](please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Noun

sargento m (plural sargentos)
* clamp
    Synonym: mordaza

#### Related terms

* sargentear
* sargento mayor
* tordo sargento

### References

* ↑ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “serve”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

### Further reading

* “sargento”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# juvelo
## Esperanto
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Juwel, English jewel.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [juˈvelo]
* Rhymes: -elo
* Hyphenation: ju‧ve‧lo

### Noun

juvelo (accusative singular juvelon, plural juveloj, accusative plural juvelojn)
* jewel (valuable object for ornamentation)
* gem (valuable stone)

#### Derived terms

* juvelarto
* juvelateliero
* juvelejo
* juvelfaristo / juvelvisto
* juvelisto

#### See also

* gemo

## Ido
### Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto juvelo, English jewel, German Juwel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʒuˈve.lo/

### Noun

juvelo (plural juveli)
* jewel (value object for ornamentation)
* gem (valuable stone)
# woodsmoke
## English
### Etymology

From wood +‎ smoke.

### Noun

woodsmoke (usually uncountable, plural woodsmokes)
* Smoke from burning wood.
    Hypernyms: smoke < emissions
    Coordinate terms: coal-smoke, peat-smoke, oilsmoke; cigar smoke
** 1918 September–November, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “The Land That Time Forgot”, in The Blue Book Magazine, Chicago, Ill.: Story-press Corp., →OCLC; republished as chapter VIII, in Hugo Gernsback, editor, Amazing Stories, (please specify |part=I to III), New York, N.Y.: Experimenter Publishing, 1927, →OCLC:I came to the southern end of a line of cliffs loftier than any I had seen before, and as I approached them, there was wafted to my nostrils the pungent aroma of woodsmoke. What could it mean? There could, to my mind, be but a single solution: man abided close by, a higher order of man than we had as yet seen, other than Ahm, the Neanderthal man.

#### Related terms

* firesmoke (usually hypernymous)
* smokewood
* woodfired
* woodsmoked (adj)
* woodstove

### Anagrams

* smokewood
# heater
## English
### Etymology

From heat +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈhitɚ/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈhiːtə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːtə(ɹ)

### Noun

heater (plural heaters)
* A device that produces and radiates heat, typically to raise the temperature of a room or building.
    Turn on the heater; I'm cold.
** 2001, Jane Smiley, Horse Heaven, New York, NY: Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 61:“First you've got to sit up and go into the tackroom, because you are soaking wet. And shivering.” […] The tackroom was cold, so Sam turned on the kerosene heater and found a wool cooler and wrapped her in it.
* A person who heats something, for example in metalworking.
* (dated, slang) A gun.
    The thug pumped two rounds from his heater into her.
* (baseball, slang) A fastball, especially one thrown at high velocity.
    Jones threw a heater under his chin.
* (gambling, slang) An extended winning streak.
    Emmy went on a heater in Las Vegas and came back six thousand dollars richer.
* (historical) A medieval European shield having a rounded triangle shape like a clothes iron.
** 1998, John Clements, Medieval Swordsmanship: Illustrated Methods and Techniques:It can be assumed that as the earlier kite shield transformed into the heater shape, there must have been versions in between the two styles. Indeed, in artwork of the Medieval period, shields are rarely present after 1450 and even then are quite small. The development of flattop heaters from larger kite shields is likely the result of increased fighting on horseback and the use of improved armor.
* (horse racing) A dead heat; a race in which two or more competitors reach the finish line simultaneously.

#### Derived terms

* block heater
* closed feedwater heater
* dry heater
* fan heater
* feed heater
* feedwater heater
* foot heater
* headbolt heater
* head bolt heater
* head-bolt heater
* hot water heater
* immersion heater
* induction heater
* iron heater
* masonry heater
* oil heaterpoint heater
* open feedwater heater
* orchard heater
* point heater
* quartz heater
* space heater
* steam heater
* storage heater
* water heater
* wet heater

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: ヒーター (hītā)

#### Translations
### See also

* heating

### Anagrams

* Aether, aether, eather, hearte, hereat, reheat, æther

## Middle English
### Noun

heater
* Alternative form of hater
# pengatur balas
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of pengatur (“regulator”) +‎ balas (“ballast”).

### Noun

pengatur balas (plural pengatur-pengatur balas)
* (rail transport) ballast regulator, ballast spreader or ballast sweeper: a railway maintenance equipment used to shape and distribute the gravel track ballast that supports the ties in rail tracks.

### Further reading

* “pengatur balas” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# freeze up
## English
### Verb

freeze up (third-person singular simple present freezes up, present participle freezing up, simple past froze up, past participle frozen up)
* To be adversely affected by ice, and not function.
** 1962 March, “Lessons of the Freeze-up”, in Modern Railways, page 146:But these precautions lost some of their merit when the L.T. trains themselves became frozen up at depots overnight.
* (transitive, intransitive) (of machines and software) To come or bring to a sudden halt, stop working (functioning).
    Since the last update, the program freezes up after a few minutes of use.
* (transitive, intransitive) (of people and other animals) To stop or be stopped due to attentiveness, fear, surprise, etc.
    Despite all of the rehearsals, as soon as I got on stage I froze up.
* (intransitive) To become cold and formal in demeanour.

#### Derived terms

* freeze-up (noun)
# look at
## English
### Verb

look at (third-person singular simple present looks at, present participle looking at, simple past and past participle looked at)
* (transitive) To observe or watch.
** 1944, Miles Burton, chapter 5, in The Three Corpse Trick:The dinghy was trailing astern at the end of its painter, and Merrion looked at it as he passed. He saw that it was a battered-looking affair of the prahm type, with a blunt snout, and like the parent ship, had recently been painted a vivid green.
** 2006 Feb. 17, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 1, Episode 4:
    Oh my good gracious me, look at that. Whoa! Quick! What is it? I can't explain it. You're just going to have to come over here and look out this window for a while. Whatever it is, we're not interested. Well. I have to say you're missing out.
* (transitive) To study visually.
** 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter X, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:The Jones man was looking at her hard. Now he reached into the hatch of his vest and fetched out a couple of cigars, everlasting big ones, with gilt bands on them.
* (transitive) To consider.
    I looked at the possibility of buying a new car, but my current one still runs great and it's paid off.
** 2021 November 17, Anthony Lambert, “How do we grow the leisure market?”, in RAIL, number 944, page 37:This first article looked at the present situation and asks if lessons can be learned from the past, when the railways were the prime mover in the development of tourism and leisure travel.
* (transitive) To face; to be presented or confronted with; to have in prospect.
    He is looking at jail time.

#### Translations

Arabic: نَظَرَ (ar) (naẓara)
Bulgarian: гледам (bg) (gledam)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 觀察 / 观察 (zh) (guānchá), 看 (zh) (kàn)
Egyptian: (mꜣꜣ)
Esperanto: rigardi (eo)
Finnish: katsoa (fi), valvoa (fi)
French: regarder (fr)
German: schauen (de)
Greek:
Ancient: ὁράω (horáō)
Hungarian: néz (hu)
Istriot: vardà
Italian: guardare (it)
Latin: spectō (la), speciō (la), conspiciō
Ligurian: amiâ
Maori: titiro ki
Mbyá Guaraní: ma'ẽ
Mongolian: харах (mn) (xarax)
Ottoman Turkish: باقماق (bakmak)
Pela: ɣu³⁵
Piedmontese: vardé
Polabian: an-zarĕ
Polish: spoglądać (pl) impf, spojrzeć (pl) pf
Portuguese: observar (pt), ver (pt)
Romansch: guardar (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader), mirar (Sursilvan), vurdar (Sutsilvan, Surmiran)
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: woglědaś
Spanish: mirar (es), funar (es) (Peru)
Swedish: titta på (sv), se på (sv)
Tocharian B: läk-
Turkish: bakmak (tr)
Venetan: vardar (vec) :
    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

#### See also

* examine
* inspect
* look into
* lookit

### Anagrams

* talook
# æppel
## Middle English
### Noun

æppel
* (Early Middle English) Alternative form of appel

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* apl, appel, æppyl

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *applu, from Proto-Germanic *aplaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈæp.pel/

### Noun

æppel m (nominative plural æppla)
* apple
* ball, sphere
* eyeball
* any fruit

#### Declension

Strong u-stem:
Often it occurs as an a-stem:
Strong a-stem:

#### Derived terms

* æppelbǣre
* æppelcyrnel
* æppelfealu
* æppellēaf
* æppelsċeal
* æppeltrēow
* æppelþorn
* æppelwīn
* æpplian
* apuldor
* ēagæppel
* eorþæppel
* hunigæppel
* wuduæppel

#### Descendants

* Middle English: appel, apple, appyl, appyll, appil, appill, appell, eppel, appul, appull, appulle, eappel, æppel, æpple, eappel (Early Middle English)
** English: apple (see there for further descendants)
** Scots: aipple

#### References

* Angus Cameron, Ashley Crandell Amos, Antonette diPaolo Healey, editors (2018), “æppel”, in Dictionary of Old English: A to Le ⁠, Toronto: University of Toronto, →OCLC.
# molinarius
## Latin
### Etymology

From molīna (“mill, grinding mill”) +‎ -ārius, substantive of molīnus (“of or pertaining to a mill”), from mola (“millstone”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /mo.liːˈnaː.ri.us/, [mɔlʲiːˈnäːriʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /mo.liˈna.ri.us/, [moliˈnäːrius]

### Noun

molīnārius m (genitive molīnāriī or molīnārī); second declension
* miller

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Synonyms

* (miller): molitor

#### Related terms

* mola
* molāris
* molārius
* molendārius
* molendīnārius
* molendīnum
* molīna
* molīnum
* molīnus
* molō

#### Descendants

* Asturian: molineru
* Catalan: moliner
* → Dutch: molenaar, mulder
* → Estonian: mölder
* French: meunier
* Friulian: mulinâr
* Italian: mugnaio, mulinaro, molinaro, mulinaio
* → German: Müller, Müllner
* Limburgish: mölder
* Mirandese: molineiro
* Norman: monnyi
* Occitan: molinièr
* Old Galician-Portuguese: molneiro, molleiro
** Galician: muiñeiro, moleiro
** Portuguese: moleiro
* Sicilian: mulinaru
* Spanish: molinero
* Venetan: munaro, mołinaro, mułinaro, muner, mułiner
* Walloon: mônî

### References

* “molinarius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* molinarius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# podszywam
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔtˈʂɘ.vam/
* Rhymes: -ɘvam
* Syllabification: pod‧szy‧wam

### Verb

podszywam
* first-person singular present indicative of podszywać
# лоньсиӈ
## Northern Mansi
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Uralic *lońća (“soft”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lonʲɕəŋ]

### Adjective

лоньсиӈ (lonʹsiň) (comparative лоньсиӈнув, superlative сяр лоньсиӈ)(Sosva)
* lukewarm
* warm
    Synonyms: ма̄лтып (māltyp), ре̄гыӈ (rēgyň)

### References

* Rombandejeva, Je. I., Kuzakova, Je. A. (1982) Slovarʹ mansijsko-russkij i russko-mansijskij [曼西語-俄語和俄語-曼西語詞典], Leningrad: Prosveščenije
* ↑ Entry #491 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
# 八回
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 八 | 回 |
| はち Grade: 1 | かい Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spellings
* ８回 8回

### Etymology

Compound of 八 (hachi, “eight”) +‎ 回 (kai, “number of times”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はっかい [hàkkáꜜì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* (Tokyo) はっかい [hàkkáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠k̚ka̠i]
* (Tokyo) はちかい [hàchíkáꜜì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* (Tokyo) はちかい [hàchíkáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠t͡ɕika̠i]

### Noun

八回(はっかい) or 八(はち)回(かい) • (hakkai or hachikai)
* eight times

#### Related terms

Japanese number-counter combinations for 回(かい) (kai) :
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 一(いっ)回(かい) (ikkai) | 二(に)回(かい) (nikai) | 三(さん)回(かい) (sankai) | 四(よん)回(かい) (yonkai) | 五(ご)回(かい) (gokai) |
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 六(ろっ)回(かい) (rokkai) | 七(なな)回(かい) (nanakai) 七(しち)回(かい) (shichikai) | 八(はっ)回(かい) (hakkai) 八(はち)回(かい) (hachikai) | 九(きゅう)回(かい) (kyūkai) | 十(じゅっ)回(かい) (jukkai) 十(じっ)回(かい) (jikkai) |
| 100 | How many? | | | |
| 百(ひゃっ)回(かい) (hyakkai) | 何(なん)回(かい) (nankai) | | | |
# cornesco
## Latin
### Etymology

From cornū (“horn”) +‎ -ēscō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /korˈneːs.koː/, [kɔrˈneːs̠koː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /korˈnes.ko/, [korˈnɛsko]

### Verb

cornēscō (present infinitive cornēscere); third conjugation, no passive, no perfect or supine stems
* to become like horn; to turn to horn

#### Related terms

* corneolus
* corneus
* cornicen
* corniculāns
* corniculātus
* corniculum
* cornifer
* corniger
* cornipēs
* cornū
* cornuālis
* cornuārius
* cornuātus
* cornūcōpia
* cornulum
* cornupeta
* cornūtus
* ūnicornis

### References

* “cornesco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* cornesco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# abscido
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* abcīdō (potentially erroneous)

### Etymology

From ab- (“away from”) +‎ caedō (“cut, fell; strike; kill”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /abˈskiː.doː/, [äpˈs̠kiːd̪oː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /abˈʃi.do/, [äbˈʃiːd̪o]

### Verb

abscīdō (present infinitive abscīdere, perfect active abscīdī, supine abscīsum); third conjugation
* to cut off (with an instrument), cut short
* (medicine) to amputate
* (figuratively) to deprive (of), cut off, detract
* (figuratively) to banish, forbid, expel; destroy (hope)

#### Derived terms

* abscīsiō
* abscīsus

#### Related terms

* abscīsē
* accīdō
* caedō
* circumcīdō
* concīdō
* dēcīdō
* discīdō
* excīdō
* incīdō
* intercīdō
* occīdō
* percīdō
* praecīdō
* procīdō
* recīdō
* succīdō
* trānscīdō

#### Descendants

* → English: abscise

### See also

* abscindō

### References

* “abscido”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “abscido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* abscido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# praesono
## Latin
### Etymology

From prae- +‎ sonō (“sound, resound”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈprae̯.so.noː/, [ˈpräe̯s̠ɔnoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpre.so.no/, [ˈprɛːs̬ono]

### Verb

praesonō (present infinitive praesonāre, perfect active praesonuī); first conjugation, no passive, no supine stem
* (intransitive) to sound beforehand
* (transitive) to sound louder than something, surpass above something in sound

#### Related terms

* assonō
* circumsonō
* cōnsonō
* dissonō
* exsonō
* īnsonō
* intersonō
* obsonō
* personō
* resonō
* sonō
* subsonō

### References

* “praesono”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “praesono”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* praesono in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# alkaldesa
## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish alcaldesa.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔalkalˈdesa/ [ʔɐl.kɐlˈd̪ɛː.sɐ]
* Rhymes: -esa
* Syllabification: al‧kal‧de‧sa

### Noun

alkaldesa (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ᜔ᜃᜎ᜔ᜇᜒᜐ)
* female equivalent of alkalde: mayoress
    Synonym: (colloquial) mayora
* mayor's wife

#### Derived terms

* pagkaalkaldesa

#### Related terms

* alkalde
* alkalde en ordinaryo
* alkalde mayor
* alkaldiya
* bise alkalde

### Further reading

* “alkaldesa”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* Cuadrado Muñiz, Adolfo (1972) Hispanismos en el tagalo: diccionario de vocablos de origen español vigentes en esta lengua filipina, Madrid: Oficina de Educación Iberoamericana, page 21