# hier
## Afrikaans
### Alternative forms

* hiir (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Dutch hier, from Middle Dutch hier, from Old Dutch hier, from Proto-Germanic *hē₂r.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦir/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ir
* Hyphenation: hier

### Adverb

hier
* here

#### Derived terms

* hierdie

## Danish
### Noun

hier n
* indefinite plural of hi

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch hier, from Old Dutch hier, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr, from Proto-Germanic *hē₂r.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɦir/, [ɦiːr], [ɦiər]
* Audio (Netherlands):(file)
* Rhymes: -ir
* Hyphenation: hier

### Adverb

hier
* here
    Dit restaurant ziet er leuk uit, zullen we hier eten?This restaurant looks nice, shall we eat here?
* pronominal adverb form of dit; this
    Meneer, u moet hier nog voor betalen!Sir, you still have to pay for this!

#### Usage notes

With a preposition, hier is used instead of dit to create a pronominal adverb. See also Category:Dutch pronominal adverbs.

#### Derived terms

* hier en daar
* hier en nu
* hiernamaals
* hiero
* ziehier
See also Category:Dutch pronominal adverbs.

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: hier
* Berbice Creole Dutch: hiri
* Jersey Dutch: hîr, hî
* Negerhollands: hier, hie, hi

#### See also

* daar
* er
* her
* waar

## French
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old French ier, from Latin herī.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jɛʁ/, /i.jɛʁ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -jɛʁ

#### Adverb

hier
* yesterday
** 2001, Elisabeth de Fontenay, Diderot ou le matérialisme enchanté:[…] car il nous appartient que les choses changent dans le sens du meilleur, d’un meilleur peut-être précaire, et qui pourrait s’énoncer par cette maxime : mieux que rien, mieux qu’hier et mieux qu’aujourd’hui. […] because it's up to us to change things for the better — a perhaps precarious better — and which could be stated by this maxim: better than nothing, better than yesterday, and better than today.

##### Coordinate terms

Dates relative to today in French (layout · text) :
| | –3 | –2 | –1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 |
| direct speech | three days ago | two days ago | yesterday | today | tomorrow | in two days | in three days |
| direct speech | avant-avant-hier | avant-hier | hier | aujourd’hui | demain | après-demain | après-après-demain |
| reported speech | three days before, three days earlier | two days before, two days earlier | the day before | on that day | the next day | two days later | three days later |
| reported speech | trois jours plus tôt | l’avant-veille | la veille | ce jour-là | le lendemain | le surlendemain | trois jours plus tard |

##### Derived terms

* avant-hier
* comme si c’était hier

##### Descendants

* Haitian Creole: yè
* → Esperanto: hieraŭ

#### Further reading

* “hier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /je/, /i.e/

#### Verb

hier
* (obsolete) to stamp with a rod (hie)

##### Related terms

* hie

## German
### Alternative forms

* hie (archaic; except in hie und da)

### Etymology

From Middle High German hier, from Old High German hier, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr. Cognate with Dutch hier, English here, Swedish här.
The predominant form in Middle High German and throughout modern dialects of High German is hie (and variants) with loss of the final -r. The form hier began to gain ground from the late 16th century (in spite of Luther’s usage), which may point to influence by cognate Middle Low German hīr, hēr (where no r-less form seems to exist; but compare modern Limburgish heej).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hiːr/, [hi(ː)ɐ̯]
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːɐ̯

### Adverb

hier
* (location) here; in this place; refers to an environment one is currently in, or to something within reach
    Ich bin hier in diesem Dorf geboren. ― I was born here in this village.
    Setzen wir uns hier aufs Sofa. ― Let’s sit down here on the sofa.
* (location) there; right there; in that place; refers to something that is considered nearby, or can be seen and pointed at
    Synonym: da
    Die Kirche ist gleich hier am Ende der Straße. ― The church is right there at the end of the street.
    Siehst du die Wolke hier neben der Bergspitze? ― Can you see that cloud there next to the mountain top?
* (abstract) here (within this context)
    Die Frist wurde hier überhaupt nicht erwähnt. ― The deadline was not mentioned here at all.
* used with the definite article or the determiner dieser (“this, that”) to express proximity (“this”)
    Die Kneipe hier ist sehr beliebt. ― This pub is very popular.
    Hier der Stuhl ist kaputt. ― This chair is broken.
    Dieser Schrank hier ist 200 Jahre alt. ― This cupboard is 200 years old.

#### Derived terms

* hier drin
* hier drüben
* hieran
* hierauf
* hieraus
* hierbei
* hierbleiben
* hierdurch
* hierfür
* hiergegen
* hierher
* hierhin
* hiermit
* hiernach
* hiervon

#### See also

* da
* dort
* her
* hier und da
* hiesig

### Interjection

hier
* (colloquial) Used for emphasis or to call for attention, often when changing the subject
    Hier, der Markus ist doch jetzt auch verheiratet, ne?Hey, wait, Markus is married now, too, isn't he?

### Further reading

* “hier” in Duden online
* “hier” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Hunsrik
### Alternative forms

* hiir (Wiesemann spelling system)

### Etymology

From Middle High German hier, from Old High German hier, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhiːɐ/

### Adverb

hier
* here
    Bleib en bissje hier.Stay here for a while.

#### Synonyms

* do
* hie

### Further reading

* Online Hunsrik Dictionary

## Luxembourgish
### Etymology

From Middle High German her, from Old High German hera. Compare German her.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hiːr/, [hiː.ɐ], [hiə̯]
* Rhymes: -iːə
* Homophones: Hier, hir

### Adverb

hier
* here; hither (to this place)

#### See also

* hei

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch hier, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hiər/

### Adverb

hier
* here, in this place
* to here, hither
* now, at this time

#### Descendants

* Dutch: hier, her
** Afrikaans: hier
* Limburgish: hier; hie, heej (influenced by High German)

### Further reading

* “hier”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “hier”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Middle English
### Noun

hier
* Alternative form of hire (“wages”)

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xi͜yːr/, [hi͜yːr]

### Verb

hīer
* singular imperative of hīeran

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic хиер (xier).

### Noun

hier m (plural hieri)
* the name of the "h" in the Cyrillic alphabet

#### Declension
## Saterland Frisian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hir/
* Hyphenation: hier
* Rhymes: -ir

### Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronoun

hier
* oblique of ju; her
* oblique of jo; them

##### See also
### Etymology 2

From Old Frisian hīr, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr. Cognates include West Frisian hjir and German hier.

#### Adverb

hier
* here

### References

* Marron C. Fort (2015) “hier”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɦi̯er]

### Noun

hier
* genitive plural of hra

## West Frisian
### Etymology 1

From Old Frisian hēr.

#### Noun

hier n or c (plural hierren, diminutive hierke)
* hair

##### Further reading

* “hier (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

### Etymology 2

From Old Frisian hēre, from Proto-West Germanic *hūʀiju.

#### Noun

hier c (plural hieren)
* hire
* rent, rental

##### Related terms

* hiere

##### Further reading

* “hier (II)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011