# 銛

| 銛 | U+929B, &#37531; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-929B |
| ← 銚 [U+929A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 銜 → [U+929C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

銛 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 金竹十口 (CHJR), four-corner 8216$_4$, composition ⿰釒舌)
* sharp, keen-edged
* a kind of hoe

#### Derived characters

* 懖, 𦗾

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1305, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40389
* Dae Jaweon: page 1807, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4198, character 4
* Unihan data for U+929B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 銛
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 銛 | *koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ |
| 栝 | *koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ |
| 餂 | *l̥ʰeːmʔ |
| 恬 | *l'eːm |
| 湉 | *l'eːm |
| 甜 | *l'iːm |
| 狧 | *l̥ʰaːb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + abbreviated phonetic 甜 (OC *l'iːm).

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sjam (“iron”) (STEDT). Cognate with 鐕 (OC *ʔsluːm, “headless nail”), as well as Burmese သံ (sam, “iron”).

#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiān (xian$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cim$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sian
*** Wade–Giles: hsien$^1$
*** Yale: syān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shian
*** Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cim$^1$
*** Yale: chīm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsim$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qim$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiːm⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: sjem
Rime :
| Character | 銛 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 鹽 (153) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 息廉切 |
| Baxter | sjem |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /siᴇm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siɛm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sjæm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /siam/ |
| Li Rong | /siɛm/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭɛm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯ɛm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sim$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*slem/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 銛 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 12402 |
| Phonetic component | 甜 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 銛 |
| Old Chinese | /*slem/ |
| Notes | 說文舌聲讀若棪若鐮 |

##### Definitions

銛
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

##### Compounds

* 銛利 / 铦利
* 銛諸 / 铦诸

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tiǎn (tian$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tiǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tiǎn
*** Wade–Giles: tʻien$^3$
*** Yale: tyǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tean
*** Palladius: тянь (tjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
* Middle Chinese: themX
Rime :
| Character | 銛 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 添 (157) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 他玷切 |
| Baxter | themX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰem$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰem$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɛm$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰɛm$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰem$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰiem$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰiem$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tiǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tim$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰeːmʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 銛 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| No. | 12404 |
| Phonetic component | 甜 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 忝 |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ʰeːmʔ/ |

##### Definitions

銛
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Etymology 2
#### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 咶 | *qʰroːds, *qʰroːds, *ɡroːd |
| 話 | *ɡroːds |
| 刮 | *kroːd |
| 鴰 | *kroːd, *koːd |
| 趏 | *kroːd, *kʰroːd |
| 舌 | *ɡroːd, *ɦbljed |
| 姡 | *ɡroːd, *ɡoːd |
| 頢 | *ɡroːd, *koːd |
| 括 | *koːd |
| 活 | *koːd, *ɡoːd |
| 适 | *koːd, *kʰoːd |
| 栝 | *koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ |
| 佸 | *koːd, *ɡoːd |
| 髺 | *koːd |
| 聒 | *koːd |
| 銛 | *koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ |
| 葀 | *koːd |
| 懖 | *koːd |
| 筈 | *koːd, *kʰoːd |
| 萿 | *koːd |
| 蛞 | *kʰoːd |
| 闊 | *kʰoːd |
| 秳 | *ɡoːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𠯑 (OC *ɡroːd).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guā (gua$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guā
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gua
*** Wade–Giles: kua$^1$
*** Yale: gwā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gua
*** Palladius: гуа (gua)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ä⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: kwat
Rime :
| Character | 銛 |
| Reading # | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 末 (64) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古活切 |
| Baxter | kwat |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kuɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʷɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kuɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kuɑt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kuɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | guo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gut$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*koːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 銛 |
| Reading # | 1/3 |
| No. | 7575 |
| Phonetic component | 桰 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 括 |
| Old Chinese | /*koːd/ |

#### Definitions

銛
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* ↑ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-AM Finals (32. Iron)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 42

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: かち (kachi)、せん (sen)、てん (ten)
* Kan-on: かつ (katsu)、せん (sen)、てん (ten)
* Kun: すき (suki, 銛)、もり (mori, 銛)

#### Compounds

* 莫耶(ばくや)を鈍(どん)と為(な)し鉛刀(えんとう)を銛(せん)と為(な)す (bakuya o don to nashi entō o sen to nasu)
* Kanji in this term
* 銛
* もり Hyōgai
* kun'yomi

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) もり [mòrí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [mo̞ɾʲi]

### Noun

銛(もり) • (mori)
* (fishing) harpoon

#### Hyponyms

* 突(つ)きん棒(ぼう) (tsukinbō)

#### Derived terms

* 碇銛(いかりもり) (ikarimori)
* 鯨銛(くじらもり) (kujiramori)
* 刺(さ)し銛(もり) (sashimori)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

銛 • (seom) (hangeul 섬, revised seom, McCune–Reischauer sŏm, Yale sem)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.