# cristal
## English
### Adjective

cristal (not comparable)
* (anatomy) Relating to a crest.

#### Derived terms

* intercristal

### Noun

cristal (countable and uncountable, plural cristals)
* Obsolete form of crystal.

### Anagrams

* Carlist, St Clair, St. Clair, citrals, clairts

## Asturian
### Noun

cristal m (uncountable)
* glass (substance)

#### Synonyms

* vidru, vidriu

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʁis.tal/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

cristal m (plural cristaux)
* crystal

#### Derived terms

* boule de cristal
* cristal de roche
* cristal liquide

#### Related terms

* cristallerie
* cristallin
* cristalliser
* cristallographie

#### Descendants

* → Romanian: cristal
* → Turkish: kristal

### Further reading

* “cristal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cristal (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin crystallum (“crystal, ice”), from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (krúos, “frost”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɾisˈtal/

### Noun

cristal m (plural cristais)
* crystal
** 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 436:os nomes delas son estes: carbũcolo, sardis, cafil, amatista, berilo, topás, crisólitos, esmeralda, brasmo, rrobj́, calçedonja, cristalthe names of them are these: carbuncle, sard, sapphire, amethyst, beryl, topaz, chrysolite, emerald, [green quartz], ruby, chalcedony, crystal
* quartz stone
** 1348, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 152:huas contas huun calçadonyo et trage hua pedrelina preta que trage figura d'angeo engastoada en prata por sinal que andan en liña branqua et andan y cubellas de prata et moytos esterliins por sinal que andan y pedra cristal rredonda moy crara.some bead; a chalcedony; and brings a black stone that brings the figure of an angel set in silver, as a signal, that are in a white cord; and there are some silver cups and many sterlings as a signal, and there is a round and very clear quartz stone
* glass (substance)
    Synonym: vidro
* glaze
    Synonym: lazo
* ice formed on the surface of a pool or a river
    Synonym: lazo

#### Related terms

* cristalino
* cristalografía

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cristal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cristal”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cristal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cristal”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cristal”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Old French
### Noun

cristal oblique singular, m (oblique plural cristaus or cristax or cristals, nominative singular cristaus or cristax or cristals, nominative plural cristal)
* crystal

#### Descendants

* Middle French: cristal
** French: cristal
*** → Romanian: cristal
*** → Turkish: kristal
** → Middle Dutch: cristal, kerstal
*** Dutch: kristal
**** Afrikaans: kristal
**** → Indonesian: kristal

## Old Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin crystallum, from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “ice”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɾisˈtal/

### Noun

cristal m (plural cristales)
* crystal, glass
** c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 19r:[…] &́ vieron la gĺa de iſŕl dedios. Como huebra de blácor. &́ de cristal. ⁊ como color de los cielo$^s$ módos […][…] and they saw the glory of the God of Israel, like a work of white and crystal, and like the color of realm of the heavens. […]

#### Descendants

* Ladino: kristal
* Spanish: cristal
** → Tagalog: kristal

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cristal, crestal, from Latin crystallum (“crystal, ice”), from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (krúos, “frost”), from Proto-Indo-European *krus-, *kru- (“hard, hard outer surface, crust”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kɾisˈtaw/ [kɾisˈtaʊ̯]
* (Brazil) IPA: /kɾisˈtaw/ [kɾisˈtaʊ̯]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /kɾiʃˈtaw/ [kɾiʃˈtaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɾiʃˈtal/ [kɾiʃˈtaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɾiʃˈtal/ [kɾiʃˈtaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /kɾiʃˈta.li/
* Rhymes: -al, -aw
* Hyphenation: cris‧tal

### Noun

cristal m (plural cristais)
* crystal

#### Related terms

* cristalífero
* cristalino
* cristalizar
* cristalóide

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French cristal, from Latin crystallum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /krisˈtal/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -al
* Hyphenation: cris‧tal

### Noun

cristal n (plural (sense 1) cristale or (sense 3) cristaluri)
* crystal (solid whose atoms are ordered)
* (uncountable) crystal (type of glass)
    Synonym: cleștar (archaic or poetic)
* (countable) crystal glassware

#### Derived terms

* cristal de stâncă
* cristal lichid
* cristalerie
* cristalic

#### Related terms

* cristalin
* cristalit
* cristaliza
* cristalografie
* cristaloid

### Further reading

* cristal in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish cristal, from Latin crystallum, from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “ice”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɾisˈtal/ [kɾisˈt̪al]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: cris‧tal

### Noun

cristal m (plural cristales)
* crystal
* glass, glassware
    Synonym: vidrio
* window pane
* (slang) methamphetamine hydrochloride

#### Derived terms

* acristalar
* armónica de cristal
* bola de cristal
* cristal de roca
* cristalería
* cristalero
* culebra de cristal
* encristalar
* generación de cristal
* limpiacristales
* magia de cristales
* peste cristal
* rana de cristal
* serpiente de cristal
* techo de cristal

#### Related terms

* cristalino
* cristalizar
* cristaloide

#### Descendants

* → Tagalog: kristal

#### Further reading

* “cristal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10