# 海豹
## Chinese

* 海豹

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hǎibào
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˇ ㄅㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi$^2$ paau$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hái-pà
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$he-pau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎibào
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˇ ㄅㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎibào
*** Wade–Giles: hai$^3$-pao$^4$
*** Yale: hǎi-bàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haebaw
*** Palladius: хайбао (xajbao)
*** Sinological IPA : /xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$海報 / 海报 海豹
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hoi$^2$ paau$^3$
*** Yale: hói paau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoi$^2$ paau$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hoi$^2$ pao$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰaːu̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-pà
*** Tâi-lô: hái-pà
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hay'pax
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pa⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pa²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$he-pau
*** MiniDict: he$^去$ pau
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$he-pau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /he³³ pɔ⁴⁴/

### Noun

海豹
* earless seal (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 海(かい)豹(ひょう) (kaihyō)
* → Korean: 해표(海豹) (haepyo)

#### See also

* 海狗 (hǎigǒu, “fur seal”)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 海 | 豹 |
| あざらし ||
| Grade: 2 | Jinmeiyō |
| jukujikun ||
* Alternative spelling
* 海豹 (kyūjitai)
Originally a compound of Old Japanese elements 痣 (aza, “bruise”) +‎ 等 (ra, “lots of”, a pluralizer) +‎ 獣 (shi, “beast”, especially one used for meat). The bruise meaning was in reference to the spotted coat.
The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 海豹 (hǎibào, literally “sea leopard”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) あざらし [àzáꜜràshì] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [a̠za̠ɾa̠ɕi]

#### Noun

海豹(あざらし) or 海豹(アザラシ) • (azarashi)
* a seal, specifically the earless seal or true seal

##### Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as アザラシ.
Note the distinction between 海豹 (azarashi) for seal, which has no external ear flaps, and 海驢 (ashika) for sea lion, which does have external ear flaps.

##### Derived terms

* 海豹(あざらし)肢(し)症(しょう) (azarashishishō): “seal-limb disease” → phocomelia
* 顎鬚海豹(アゴヒゲアザラシ) (agohige azarashi)
* カスピ海海豹(カイアザラシ) (kasupikai azarashi)
* 蟹食海豹(カニクイアザラシ) (kanikui azarashi)
* 鞍掛海豹(クラカケアザラシ) (kurakake azarashi)
* 胡麻斑海豹(ゴマフアザラシ) (gomafu azarashi)
* 頭巾海豹(ズキンアザラシ) (zukin azarashi)
* 銭形海豹(ゼニガタアザラシ) (zenigata azarashi)
* 象海豹(ゾウアザラシ) (zō azarashi): an elephant seal
* 竪琴海豹(タテゴトアザラシ) (tategoto azarashi)
* 灰色海豹(ハイイロアザラシ) (haīro azarashi)
* バイカル海豹(アザラシ) (baikaru azarashi)
* 豹海豹(ヒョウアザラシ) (hyō azarashi): a leopard seal
* 斑入海豹(ふいりあざらし) (fuiri azarashi)
* 輪紋海豹(ワモンアザラシ) (wamon azarashi)

##### See also

* 海驢(あしか) (ashika): a sea lion

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 海 | 豹 |
| かい Grade: 2 | ひょう Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 海豹 (kyūjitai)
/kaipeu/ → /kaifeu/ → /kaiheu/ → /kaihjoː/
From Middle Chinese 海豹 (hʌi$^X$ pˠau$^H$, literally “sea + leopard”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かいひょー [kàíhyóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠iço̞ː]

#### Noun

海(かい)豹(ひょう) • (kaihyō)
* a seal, specifically the earless seal or true seal

##### Usage notes

The kaihyō reading appears to be much less common than azarashi above.

##### Derived terms

* 海(かい)豹(ひょう)島(とう) (Kaihyōtō): “Seal Island” → Tyuleny Island, off the eastern coast of Sakhalin

### References

* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN