OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 相国
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 相国 – see 相國 (“Chancellor of State”). (This term is the simplified form of 相國).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 相 | 国 |
| しょう Grade: 3 | こく Grade: 2 |
| kan'on ||
* Alternative spelling
* 相國 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

/sʲau kokʉ/ → /ɕɔːkoku/ → /ɕoːkoku/
From Middle Chinese 相國 (MC sjangH kwok).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょーこく [shóꜜòkòkù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕo̞ːko̞kɯ̟]

### Noun

相(しょう)国(こく) • (shōkoku)
* (historical) Synonym of 宰相 (saishō): a grand chancellor in the ancient Chinese imperial government
* (politics, historical) Chinese equivalent to an umbrella term for 太政大臣 (daijō-daijin), 左大臣 (sadaijin), and 右大臣 (udaijin)

#### Derived terms

* 相(しょう)国(こく)寺(じ) (Shōkoku-ji)
* 右(う)相(しょう)国(こく) (ushōkoku)
* 九(く)条(じょう)相(しょう)国(こく) (Kujō Shōkoku)
* 左(さ)相(しょう)国(こく) (sashōkoku)
* 大(たい)相(しょう)国(こく) (taishōkoku), 大(だい)相(しょう)国(こく) (daishōkoku)
* 平(へい)相(しょう)国(こく) (Heishōkoku)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# agglomerarsi
## Italian
### Verb

agglomeràrsi (first-person singular present mi agglòmero, first-person singular past historic mi agglomerài, past participle agglomeràto)
* reflexive of agglomerare
* (intransitive) to agglomerate

#### Related terms

* agglomeramento
* agglomerante
* agglomerato
* agglomerazione
# pack animal
## English
### Noun

pack animal (plural pack animals)
* A domesticated animal used to carry heavy items.
** 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications, page 58:The causeways were laid as hard paths for heavily laden pack-animals bringing in wool from outlying hamlets and farms.
* A wild animal that lives and hunts in packs

#### Synonyms

* (animal used for carrying): beast of burden

#### Hyponyms

* burro
* camel
* elephant
* goat
* horse
* llama
* mule
* ox
* reindeer
* water buffalo
* yak

#### Translations
### See also

* pack train
# aplatir
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.pla.tiʁ/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

aplatir
* to flatten (to make something flat)

#### Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

#### Derived terms

* aplatissage
* aplatisseur
* aplatissoir
* aplatissoire

### Further reading

* “aplatir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* parlait
# bregða
## Icelandic
### Etymology

From Old Norse bregða.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈprɛɣða/
    Rhymes: -ɛɣða

### Verb

bregða (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative brá, third-person plural past indicative brugðu, supine brugðið)
* (impersonal) to be startled, to be shocked, to be taken aback
    Mér brá.I was startled.
* to move quickly, to jerk, (of a sword) to brandish, to draw [with dative]
** Matthew 26:52 (English and Icelandic)
    Jesús sagði við hann: „Slíðra sverð þitt! Allir, sem sverði bregða, munu fyrir sverði falla.“"Put your sword back in its place," Jesus said to him, "for all who draw the sword will die by the sword."
* (impersonal) to appear briefly
    Skrímslinu brá fyrir í skugganum.The monster appeared in the shadow.

#### Derived terms

* bregð
* bregða fyrir
* bregða fæti fyrir
* bregða sér
* bregðast
* bregðast illa við
* bregðast vel við
* bregðast við

#### See also

* sveifla

## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bregdaną (“to flicker, flutter, move about”).

### Verb

bregða (singular past indicative brá, plural past indicative brugðu, past participle brugðinn)
* to turn around, flip
* to brandish a sword
# cylindre
## Danish
### Alternative forms

* cylindere

### Noun

cylindre c
* indefinite plural of cylinder

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French chilindre, cylindre, that borrowed from Latin cylindrus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek κύλινδρος (kúlindros). Doublet of calandre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /si.lɛ̃dʁ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

cylindre m (plural cylindres)
* (geometry) cylinder
* (automotive) cylinder

#### Derived terms

* cylindrage
* cylindrée
* cylindrer
* cylindreur
* cylindrique

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: سلندر (silinder), سیلندر (silindir)
** Turkish: silindir
* → Romanian: cilindru

### Verb

cylindre
* inflection of cylindrer:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “cylindre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Latin
### Noun

cylindre
* vocative singular of cylindrus
# volée
## French
### Etymology

From Latin volāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɔ.le/
* Audio (Paris):(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Participle

volée f sg
* feminine singular of volé

### Noun

volée f (plural volées)
* (of birds) flying, flight
    prendre la volée ― to take flight
* (of birds) flock, group
* (of missiles) volley
    une volée d’obus ― howitzer volley
* (colloquial) thrashing, defeat
    donner une volée ― to give a thrashing
* (of stairs) flight
    volée de marches ― flight of stairs
* (sports) volley

#### Derived terms

* à la volée
* de haute volée
* manger une volée
* prendre la volée
* reprise de volée
* volée de bois vert

#### Descendants

* → Portuguese: boleia
* → Turkish: vole

### References

* Dictionnaire encyclopédique Quillet, édition révisée de 1983, Paris
* Dictionnaire de l'Académie française, 8ᵉ édition, Paris, 1932-1935

### Further reading

* “volée”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# cabane
## English
### Etymology

From French cabane. Doublet of cabana and cabin.

### Noun

cabane (plural cabanes)
* (aviation) The tripod, pylon, or struts usually at the centre-section of a biplane or high-winged monoplane.

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ “cabane, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Occitan cabana, from Late Latin capanna, of uncertain origin (see further etymology there). Doublet of cabine.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.ban/
* Audio (Paris):(file)
* Homophone: cabanes

### Noun

cabane f (plural cabanes)
* cabin, hut, shack; shed
    Synonyms: cabine, hutte
* (slang) prison
* (Louisiana) bed
* (Louisiana) workshop
    Synonym: atelier

#### Derived terms

* cabaneau
* cabaner
* cabanon
* encabaner

#### Descendants

* Louisiana Creole: kabann
* → Greek: καμπάνα (kampána)

### References

* Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “cabane”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

From French cabane (“a cabin”).

### Noun

cabane
* (Saint-Domingue) a bed
    Ly malade dans cabane. ― He is sick in bed.

#### Descendants

* Haitian Creole: kabann

### References

* S.J Ducoeurjoly, Manuel des habitans de Saint-Domingue, contenant un précis de l'histoire de cette île
# 都道府県
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 都 | 道 | 府 | 県 |
| と Grade: 3 | どう Grade: 2 | ふ Grade: 4 | けん Grade: 3 |
| kan'on | goon | kan'on | kan'on |
* Alternative spelling
* 都道府縣 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

都 (“(Tokyo) Metropolis”, literally “capital”) +‎ 道 (“(Hokkaido) Prefecture”, literally “circuit”) +‎ 府 (“(Kyoto and Osaka) Prefectures”, literally “subdivision”) +‎ 県 (“(other) prefectures”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とどーふけん [tòdóófúꜜkèǹ] (Nakadaka – [4])
* (Tokyo) とどーふけん [tòdóófúkéꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [5])
* IPA: [to̞do̞ːɸɯ̟̊kẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん) • (todōfuken)
* Tokyo, Hokkaido, Osaka and Kyoto Prefectures and other prefectures (collectively, as the prefectural (prefecture-level) administrative divisions of Japan)

#### Derived terms

* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)議(ぎ)会(かい) (Todōfuken Gikai)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)組(くみ)合(あい) (Todōfuken Kumiai)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)警(けい)察(さつ) (Todōfuken Keisatsu)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)公(こう)安(あん)委(い)員(いん)会(かい) (Todōfuken Kōan Īnkai)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)条(じょう)例(れい) (Todōfuken Jōrei)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)税(ぜい) (Todōfuken-zei)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)地(ち)域(いき)防(ぼう)災(さい)計(けい)画(かく) (Todōfuken Chiiki Bōsai Keikaku)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)知(ち)事(じ) (Todōfuken Chiji)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)庁(ちょう)所(しょ)在(ざい)地(ち) (Todōfukenchō-sho zaichi)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)道(どう) (Todōfuken-dō)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)防(ぼう)災(さい)会(かい)議(ぎ) (Todōfuken Bōsai Kaigi)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)自(し)然(ぜん)環(かん)境(きょう)保(ほ)全(ぜん)地(ち)域(いき) (Todōfuken Shizen Kankyō Hozen Chiiki)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)労(ろう)働(どう)委(い)員(いん)会(かい) (Todōfuken Rōdō Īnkai)
* 都(と)道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん)労(ろう)働(どう)局(きょく) (Todōfuken Rōdō-kyoku)

#### See also

* 道(どう)府(ふ)県(けん) (dōfuken, “Hokkaido, Osaka, Kyoto and other prefectures”)
* 府(ふ)県(けん) (fuken, “Osaka, Kyoto and other prefectures”)
* 都(と)道(どう) (todō)
* 市(し)町(ちょう)村(そん) (shichōson, “cities, towns and villages”, sub-prefectural subdivisions)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# heran
## Finnish
### Noun

heran
* genitive singular of hera

## German
### Etymology

From her +‎ an.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [hɛˈʁan]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -an

### Adverb

heran
* near, close to the speaker, over to (to the direction of the speaker or an object)
    Komm heran, Junge!Come closer to me, boy!
    Er schlich sich unauffällig von hinten an sie heran.He sneaked up unobtrusively on her from behind.
** 1920, Ernst Jünger, In Stahlgewittern:Wir schlängelten uns aneinander heran und führten im Hauchton eine hastige Unterhaltung.We crept nearer together and held a muttered consultation.

#### Coordinate terms

* hinan
* daran
* hieran

#### Derived terms

* ran

### Further reading

* “heran” in Duden online
* “heran” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay heran, hairan, from Arabic حَيْرَان (ḥayrān, “uncertain, confused”).

### Adjective

heran
* amazed, astonished
    Synonyms: tercengang, takjub
* strange, wonder, bizarre
    Synonyms: aneh, ganjil, garib

#### Derived terms

* keheranan
* mengherani
* mengherankan
* terheran-heran

### Further reading

* “heran” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxeː.rɑn/, [ˈheː.rɑn]

### Verb

hēran (Anglian)
* Alternative form of hīeran

#### Conjugation

🛈 This feature is under development and may not always produce the expected forms
¹In Northumbrian, final -n was regularly lost from these forms
²In Late Northumbrian, final -þ was frequently changed to -s
³In Mercian, final -t was sometimes added to these forms due to West Saxon influence

### Verb

hēran (Kentish)
* Alternative form of hīeran

#### Conjugation
## Volapük
### Noun

heran (nominative plural herans)
* hairdresser

#### Declension

$^1$ status as a case is disputed $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only
# slėpti
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Cognate with Latvian slēpt, of uncertain further origin. Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)klep- (“to steal”), with dissimilative loss of the *-k- from the *skl-, and cognate with Tocharian B kälyp- (“id”), Ancient Greek κλέπτω (kléptō, “id”). However, this assumes that the Proto-Indo-European root had an s-mobile originally, which is not certain, as no descendants in other branches show evidence of the s-mobile.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsʲlʲeːpʲtʲɪ]

### Verb

slė̃pti (third-person present tense slė̃pia, third-person past tense slė̃pė)
* (transitive) to hide

#### Derived terms

* apslė̃pti
* išslė̃pti
* įslė̃pti
* nuslė̃pti
* paslė̃pti
* perslė̃pti
* prislė̃pti
* suslė̃pti
* užslė̃pti
* slė̃ptis (reflexive form)

### References

* ↑ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “slė̃pti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎ (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 570-1
* ↑ Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965) “slė̃pti”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume II, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 829
* ↑ “slėpti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
# ėsti
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēˀstei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti (“to eat”). Cognate with Latvian ēst, Proto-Slavic *ě̀sti (whence Bulgarian ям (jam), Old Church Slavonic ꙗсти (jasti), Russian е́сть (jéstʹ)), English eat, Latin edō, Sanskrit अत्ति (atti), German essen, Old Norse eta (whence Swedish äta, Danish æde, Norwegian Bokmål ete, Norwegian Nynorsk eta).

### Pronunciation

IPA: /æːsʲtʲɪ/

### Verb

ė́sti (third-person present tense ė́da, third-person past tense ė́dė)
* (animals) to eat
* (humans) to eat like an animal

#### Derived terms

* apėsti
* atėsti
* daėsti
* išėsti
* įėsti
* nadėsti
* nuėsti
* paėsti
* parėsti
* perėsti
* praėsti
* priėsti
* suėsti
* užėsti

### See also

* valgyti
# батяр
## Ukrainian
### Alternative forms

* ба́цяр (bácjar), бе́тяр (bétjar)

### Etymology

First recorded in the 20th century. Borrowed from Hungarian betyár (“vagabond, unemployed lad, ruffian”), from Bulgarian or Serbo-Croatian, from Ottoman Turkish بیكار (bekâr), from Persian بیکار (bêkâr, literally “unemployed”). Compare Polish, especially Lwów dialect, batiar/baciar/baciarz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bɐˈtʲar]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

батя́р • (batjár) m pers (genitive батяра́, nominative plural батярі́, genitive plural батярі́в, feminine батя́рка)
* (Western Ukraine) tramp, vagabond, ruffian

#### Usage notes

Often льві́вський батя́р (lʹvívsʹkyj batjár, “Lviv batjar”). Batjar culture and batjar songs were a popular phenomenon amongst Ukrainians and Poles in the city of Lviv during 1900–1939. Popularity continued in the Ukrainian and Polish émigré communities after the Second World War. Soviet occupiers suppressed batjar culture and songs, as did Polish Communists, in the post-World War II period. Since the liberation of Poland from Communism in 1989 and the establishment of an independent Ukrainian in 1991, batjar culture and songs have undergone a degree of revival in both countries.

#### Synonyms

* ба́хур (báxur) (Lviv)
* буґе́ра (bugéra)
* розбі́йник (rozbíjnyk)
* фра́єр (frájer)
* волоцю́га (volocjúha) (Substitute)
* про́йдисвіт (prójdysvit) (Substitute)

#### Derived terms

* батяр́иско (batjaŕysko)
* батя́рка (batjárka)
* батя́рний (batjárnyj)
* батярня́ (batjarnjá)
* батяро́ваний (batjaróvanyj)
* батя́рська пі́сня (batjársʹka písnja)
* батя́рський (batjársʹkyj)
* батярува́ти (batjaruváty)
* бетярчу́к (betjarčúk)
* збатяро́ваний (zbatjaróvanyj)

### References

* Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “батяр”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page бетяр
* Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1962–1972) “батяр”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, →LCCN, page 88
* Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1962–1972) “бетяр”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 1 (А – Ґ), Winnipeg: Ukrainian Free Academy of Sciences, →LCCN, page 118
# thionyl
## English
### Noun

thionyl (plural thionyls)
* (chemistry) The divalent radical O=S<

#### Synonyms

* sulfinyl

#### Derived terms

* thionyl bromide
* thionyl chloride
* thionyl fluoride
* thionyl iodide
# alor
## Ambonese Malay
### Noun

alor
* ravine; cliff

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

alor
* field (also figurative)

#### Synonyms

* arlo

#### Derived terms

* alorra erein
* politika alorrean

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* lor

### Etymology

From French alors, from Latin illā hōrā.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈlɔɾ/

### Adverb

alor
* (rare) because
    Synonyms: por mor de, porque
** 1671, Gabriel Feijoo de Araujo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:—E que ay? como lle bai? Tan cedo à beira do rrio? Seica ben toma-lo frio alor dà calor que bai?—What's up? How do you do? So soon at the bank of the river? Perchance you came to take some fresh air because it's so hot?

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “lor”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “alor”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “lor”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Latin
### Verb

alor
* first-person singular present passive indicative of alō

### References

* alor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## Malay
### Noun

alor (plural alor-alor, informal 1st possessive alorku, 2nd possessive alormu, 3rd possessive alornya)
* (1924-1972 or dialectal) Alternative spelling of alur

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* aler

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *aluʀu, from Proto-Germanic *aluz, *alusō, variant of *alizō, *alisō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élis- (compare Hittite [script needed] (alanza(n)), Latin alnus, Latvian al̃ksnis, Polish olcha, Albanian halë (“black pine”), Ancient Macedonian (Hesychius) ἄλιζα (áliza, “white poplar”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑ.lor/

### Noun

alor m
* alder

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Descendants

* Middle English: aldre, alder, aldur, aldyr, aleyre, aller, alre, althir, olr
** English: alder
** Scots: aller
# bølle
## Danish
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *bulljō, from Proto-Indo-European *bhljā (“testicle”), probably because of the similarity of the berry to testicles.

#### Noun

bølle
* bog bilberry (bush)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Coined in 1885, from a gang called bøllesjakket, which took its name from its haunt, Bøllemosen (situated north of Copenhagen), which is in turn named after the plant bølle (etymology 1). Unrelated to English bully.

#### Noun

bølle
* bully

##### Related terms

* fjols
* idiot
* nar
* skurk
* torsk

### References

* ↑ Becker-Christensen, Christian (2010) Nudansk ordbog med etymologi [Modern Danish Dictionary with Etymology], Politikens Forlagshus
* ↑ Becker-Christensen, Christian (2010) Nudansk ordbog med etymologi [Modern Danish Dictionary with Etymology], Politikens Forlagshus
* “bølle$^1$” in Den Danske Ordbog
* “bølle$^2$” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From the Danish name Bøllemose, a place where a band of misbehaving boys from Copenhagen would hang out. Term coined in 1885. Unrelated to English bully.

### Noun

bølle f or m (definite singular bølla or bøllen, indefinite plural bøller, definite plural bøllene)
* brute; a brutish person
* rascal; a trickster, troublemaker.

#### Derived terms

* bilbølle
* bøll
* bøllefrø
* bøllete

### Verb

bølle (present tense bøller, past tense bølla or bøllet, past participle bølla or bøllet)
* Act like a brute
* benignly harassing

### References

* “bølle” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
# koszałką
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /kɔˈʂaw.kɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /kɔˈʂaw.kɔm/
* Rhymes: -awkɔw̃
* Syllabification: ko‧szał‧ką

### Noun

koszałką
* instrumental singular of koszałka
# 牛刀
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): niúdāo
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄉㄠ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gû-to
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niúdāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄉㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nióudao
*** Wade–Giles: niu$^2$-tao$^1$
*** Yale: nyóu-dāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nioudau
*** Palladius: нюдао (njudao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû-to
*** Tâi-lô: gû-to
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gu'doy
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² to⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² to³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡu¹³⁻²² to⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ to⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³⁻³³ tɤ⁴⁴/

### Noun

牛刀
* an ox cleaver; a cleaver for butchering oxen

#### Derived terms

* 割雞焉用牛刀 / 割鸡焉用牛刀 (gējī yān yòng niúdāo)
* 殺雞焉用牛刀 / 杀鸡焉用牛刀 (shā jī yān yòng niúdāo)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 牛 | 刀 |
| ぎゅう Grade: 2 | とう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

牛(ぎゅう)刀(とう) • (gyūtō)
* a double beveled kitchen knife made in the shape of a Western chef's knife but with a sharper and thinner blade typical of a Japanese knife
* an ox cleaver; a cleaver for butchering oxen

#### Derived terms

* 鶏(にわとり)を割(さ)くにいずくんぞ牛刀(ぎゅうとう)を用(もち)いん (niwatori o saku ni izukunzo gyūtō o mochiin)
* 牛刀(ぎゅうとう)を持(も)って鶏(にわとり)を割(さ)く (gyūtō o motte niwatori o saku)
* 鶏(にわとり)を割(さ)くになんぞ牛刀(ぎゅうとう)を用(もち)いん (niwatori o saku ni nanzo gyūtō o mochiin)
# lignan
## English
### Noun

lignan (plural lignans)
* (organic chemistry) Any of a class of phenylpropanoid (propylbenzene) type of molecules found in essentially all plants, generally dimeric or higher order, and produced by secondary metabolic pathways branching off of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, in some cases having associated antioxidant or estrogenic (phytoestrogenic) activities; having in common with lignin the phenylpropanoid monomers, where lignin is a random oxidative polymerization of the same

#### Derived terms

* cyclolignan
* epoxylignan
* lignane
* neolignan
* secolignan

### Anagrams

* Anglin, Anling, Laning

## Esperanto
### Adjective

lignan
* accusative singular of ligna

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈliːj.nɑn/

### Verb

līġnan
* Alternative form of līeġnan