OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# חנוכה
## Hebrew

* Root
* ח־נ־ך (kh-n-k)
* 10 terms

### Etymology

From חָנַךְ (khanákh, “to dedicate, to consecrate”).

### Pronunciation

* (Biblical Hebrew) IPA: /ħa.nukˈkaː/
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew, formal) IPA: /χa.nuˈka/
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew, informal) IPA: /ˈχa.nu.ka/
** Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

חנוכה / חֲנֻכָּה • (khanuká) f [pattern: קְטֻלָּה]
* (Judaism) Hanukkah

#### Synonyms

* חג החנוכה / חַג הַחֲנֻכָּה (khag hakhanuká)
* חַג הָאוּרִים (khag ha'urím)

#### Descendants

* → Dutch: Chanoeka
* → English: Hanukkah
* → Yiddish: חנוכּה (khaneke)
** → Dutch: Channeke

### Noun

חנוכה / חֲנֻכָּה • (khanuká) f (plural indefinite חנוכות / חֲנֻכּוֹת, singular construct חנוכת / חֲנֻכַּת־, plural construct חנוכות / חֲנֻכּוֹת־) [pattern: קְטֻלָּה]
* consecration, dedication, inauguration
** c. 13th century, “Ma'oz Tzur.”
    אָז אֶגְמוֹר בְּשִׁיר מִזְמוֹר חֲנֻכַּת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ.'áz 'egmór b'shír mizmór khanukát hamizbéakh.Then we will celebrate with song and psalm the altar's dedication.

#### Declension

| Number | Isolated forms | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns |
| Number | State | Form | Person | singular | singular | plural | plural |
| Number | State | Form | Person | m. | f. | m. | f. |
| singular | indefinite | חנוכה / חֲנֻכָּה | first | חנוכתי / חֲנֻכָּתִי | חנוכתי / חֲנֻכָּתִי | חנוכתנו / חֲנֻכָּתֵנוּ | חנוכתנו / חֲנֻכָּתֵנוּ |
| singular | definite | החנוכה / הַחֲנֻכָּה | second | חנוכתך / חֲנֻכָּתְךָ | חנוכתך / חֲנֻכָּתֵךְ | חנוכתכם / חֲנֻכַּתְכֶם | חנוכתכן / חֲנֻכַּתְכֶן |
| singular | construct | חנוכת־ / חֲנֻכַּת־ | third | חנוכתו / חֲנֻכָּתוֹ | חנוכתה / חֲנֻכָּתָהּ | חנוכתם / חֲנֻכָּתָם | חנוכתן / חֲנֻכָּתָן |
| plural | indefinite | חנוכות / חֲנֻכּוֹת | first | חנוכותיי / חֲנֻכּוֹתַי | חנוכותיי / חֲנֻכּוֹתַי | חנוכותינו / חֲנֻכּוֹתֵינוּ | חנוכותינו / חֲנֻכּוֹתֵינוּ |
| plural | definite | החנוכות / הַחֲנֻכּוֹת | second | חנוכותיך / חֲנֻכּוֹתֶיךָ | חנוכותייך / חֲנֻכּוֹתַיִךְ | חנוכותיכם / חֲנֻכּוֹתֵיכֶם | חנוכותיכן / חֲנֻכּוֹתֵיכֶן |
| plural | construct | חנוכות־ / חֲנֻכּוֹת־ | third | חנוכותיו / חֲנֻכּוֹתָיו | חנוכותיה / חֲנֻכּוֹתֶיהָ | חנוכותם / חֲנֻכּוֹתָם | חנוכותן / חֲנֻכּוֹתָן |

### References

* H2598 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

### Further reading

* חנוכה on the Hebrew Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{he}$

## Yiddish
### Noun

חנוכה • (khaneke)
* (nonstandard) Unpointed form of חנוכּה (khaneke).
# questionable
## English
### Alternative forms

* quæstionable (archaic)

### Etymology

From question +‎ -able.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkwɛst͡ʃənəbl̩/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: ques‧tio‧nable

### Adjective

questionable (comparative more questionable, superlative most questionable)
* Problematic; open to doubt or challenge.
    It is questionable if the universe is open or closed.
** 1881, Henry James, Jr., chapter 3, in The Portrait of a Lady, New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company […], →OCLC, page 28:A crude, cold rain was falling heavily; the spring-time presented itself as a questionable improvement.
* Of dubious respectability or morality.
    Tiffiny’s behavior is highly questionable.
** 1920, Carolyn Wells, chapter 18, in Raspberry Jam‎, Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, page 302:[…] he had a love of money—a sort of acquisitiveness, that led him into questionable dealings.
* (obsolete) Inviting questions; inviting inquiry.
** c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv], page 257, column 1:Thou com'ſt in ſuch a queſtionable ſhape / That I will ſpeake to thee.

#### Derived terms

* questionability
* questionableness
* questionably
* unquestionability
* unquestionable
* unquestionableness
* unquestionably

#### Descendants

* → German: fragwürdig (calque)
# सहा
## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi सा (sā), from Sanskrit षष् (ṣaṣ), from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sə.ɦa/, [sa]
* Audio:(file)

### Numeral

सहा • (sahā)
* six

#### Derived terms

* सहाशे (sahāśe, “six hundred”)

### References

* Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “सहा”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
# brotsa
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Spanish brocha, from French brouche, dialectal variant of brosse, from Middle French, from Old French broche, broisse, from Vulgar Latin *bruscia, from Proto-Germanic *bruskaz (“underbrush”), from Proto-Indo-European *bhreus- (“to swell, sprout”).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: brot‧sa

### Noun

brotsa
* a brush; a paintbrush
* cunnilingus

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* brutsa

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish brocha.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈbɾot͡ʃa/ [ˈbɾoː.t͡ʃɐ]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /ˈbɾotsa/ [ˈbɾot̪.sɐ]
* Rhymes: -ot͡ʃa, (no yod coalescence) -otsa
* Syllabification: brot‧sa

### Noun

brotsa (Baybayin spelling ᜊ᜔ᜇᜓᜆ᜔ᜐ)
* paintbrush (usually large)
* painting with a paintbrush
* (vulgar, slang) cunnilingus

#### Derived terms

* brotsahan
* brotsahin
* magbrotsa

#### See also

* pinsel
* tsupa

### Further reading

* “brotsa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# വയറ്
## Malayalam
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-South Dravidian *wacVṯu. Cognate with Tamil வயிறு (vayiṟu).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋɐjɐrɨ̆/

### Noun

വയറ് • (vayaṟŭ)
* stomach
    Synonyms: ആമാശയം (āmāśayaṁ), പള്ള (paḷḷa), പെരുമ്പൊതി (perumpoti)

#### Derived terms

* വയറി (vayaṟi)
* വയറൻ (vayaṟaṉ)
# miskonsepsiyon
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* miskonsepsyon

### Etymology

Pseudo-Hispanism, derived from English misconception, influenced by Spanish -ción.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /miskonsepsiˈon/ [mɪs.kon̪.sɛpˈʃon̪]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /miskonsepsiˈon/ [mɪs.kon̪.sɛpˈsjon̪]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: mis‧kon‧sep‧si‧yon

### Noun

miskonsepsiyón (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜒᜐ᜔ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜉ᜔ᜐᜒᜌᜓᜈ᜔)
* misconception

#### Related terms

* konsepsiyon
* konsepto
# Birne
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German bire, bir, from Old High German bira, pira, from Vulgar Latin pira, reanalysis of the plural of Latin pirum. Early Modern German birn is from the Middle High German plural and dative/genitive singular, whence a double plural birnen was formed. The contemporary Birne is a new backformation from this plural (perhaps influenced also by the older, still dialectal form bire). Thus, between Latin and modern German, the word was reformed on the basis of the plural three times. Cognate with Alemannic German Bire.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɪrnə/, [ˈbɪɐ̯nə], [ˈbɪʁnə], [ˈbɪrnə]
* Audio (Austria):(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Birne f (genitive Birne, plural Birnen, diminutive Birnchen n)
* pear
* lightbulb
* (colloquial) head, bonce, noggin

#### Derived terms

* Abbruchbirne
* Abrissbirne
* birnenförmig
* Birnenkompott
* Birnenmus
* Birnensaft
* Birnenschnaps
* Birnensorte
* Butterbirne
* Erdbirne
* Glühbirne
* Grundbirne
* Kochbirne
* Leuchtbirne
* Saftbirne
* Tafelbirne
* Williamsbirne

#### Descendants

* → Estonian: pirn
* → Kashubian: birna

### Further reading

* “Birne” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Birne” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “Birne” in Duden online
* Birne on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$
# שלטון
## Hebrew
### Etymology

* Root
* שׁ־ל־ט (sh-l-ṭ)
* 12 terms
From the root שׁ־ל־ט (sh-l-t, “Forming words relating to controlling.”), compare with שָׁלַט (shalát, “to rule”).
Cf Arabic root س-ل-ط [e.g. سُلطان (sultān, “sultan, ruler”)]

### Pronunciation

* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /ʃilˈton/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

שִׁלְטוֹן • (shiltón) m (plural indefinite שִׁלְטוֹנוֹת) [pattern: קִטְלוֹן]
* reign, rule, rulership
* government, authority

#### Derived terms

* שִׁלְטוֹנִי (shiltoni)

#### Further reading

* H7983 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
# природа
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *priroda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [priˈrɔdɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

приро́да • (priróda) f (relational adjective приро́ден)
* nature

#### Declension
### References

* “природа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “природа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *priroda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpriɾɔda]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

природа • (priroda) f (relational adjective природен)
* nature, environment

#### Declension
## Russian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *priroda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prʲɪˈrodə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

приро́да • (priróda) f inan (genitive приро́ды, nominative plural приро́ды, genitive plural приро́д, relational adjective приро́дный)
* nature
** 1843, Владимир Одоевский [Vladimir Odoyevsky], Город без имени; English translation from (Please provide a date or year):Вели́кие явле́ния приро́ды не погружа́ли его́ в ту беспе́чную ду́му, кото́рая отторга́ет челове́ка от земно́й ско́рби.Velíkije javlénija priródy ne pogružáli jevó v tu bespéčnuju dúmu, kotóraja ottorgájet čelovéka ot zemnój skórbi.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1862, Иван Тургенев [Ivan Turgenev], “Глава 17”, in Отцы и дети; English translation from Richard Hare, transl., Fathers and Sons, 1947:Ка́тя обожа́ла приро́ду, и Арка́дий её люби́л, хоть и не смел призна́ться в э́том; Одинцо́ва была́ к ней дово́льно равноду́шна, так же как и База́ров.Kátja obožála priródu, i Arkádij jejó ljubíl, xotʹ i ne smel priznátʹsja v étom; Odincóva bylá k nej dovólʹno ravnodúšna, tak že kak i Bazárov.Katya adored nature, and so did Arkady, though he did not dare to admit it; Madame Odintsov, like Bazarov, was rather indifferent to natural beauties.

#### Derived terms

* природоохра́нный (prirodooxránnyj)
* природопо́льзование (prirodopólʹzovanije)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *priroda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /prǐːroda/
* Hyphenation: при‧ро‧да

### Noun

при́рода f (Latin spelling príroda)
* nature

#### Declension
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *priroda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [preˈrɔdɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

приро́да • (pryróda) f inan (genitive приро́ди, uncountable, relational adjective приро́дний)
* (uncountable) nature

#### Derived terms

* приро́дний (pryródnyj)
* приро́дник (pryródnyk)
* природни́чий (pryrodnýčyj)
* природозна́вець (pryrodoznávecʹ)
* природозна́вство (pryrodoznávstvo)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “природа”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “природа”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “природа”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# buque de guerra
## Spanish
### Noun

buque de guerra m (plural buques de guerra)
* warship

#### Hyponyms

* acorazado
* cañonero
* corbeta
* crucero
* crucero de batalla (“battlecruiser”)
* destructor
* fragata
* patrullero, buque patrullero (“patrol boat”)
# pulot-gata
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* pulutgata
* pulut-gata — superseded, 2007

### Etymology

From pulot (“honey”) +‎ gata (“coconut milk”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /puˌlot ɡaˈtaʔ/ [pʊˌlot̪ ɡɐˈt̪aʔ]
* Rhymes: -aʔ
* Syllabification: pu‧lot-ga‧ta

### Noun

pulót-gatâ (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜎᜓᜆ᜔ᜄᜆ)
* honeymoon
    Synonyms: luna de miyel, hanimun
* (obsolete) coconut milk with honey (or sugar)

#### Derived terms

* ipagpulot-gata
* magpulot-gata
* pulot-gatain

### Adjective

pulót-gatâ (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜎᜓᜆ᜔ᜄᜆ)
* (figurative, obsolete) exquisite; rich
* (figurative, colloquial, obsolete) very tasty

### Further reading

* “pulot-gata”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
* “pulut-gata”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914) Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 1088.
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
# модальність
## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mɔˈdalʲnʲisʲtʲ]

### Noun

мода́льність • (modálʹnistʹ) f inan (genitive мода́льності or мода́льности, uncountable)
* (linguistics, grammar) modality
* (logic, philosophy) modality

#### Related terms

* мода́льний (modálʹnyj, “modal”)

### Further reading

* “модальність”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “модальність”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “модальність”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “модальність”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
# ᦚᦱᧉ
## Lü
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /faː˩˧/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Tai *ʰwɯəꟲ (“cloud”). Cognate with Thai ฝ้า (fâa), Northern Thai ᨺ᩶ᩣ, Khün ᨺ᩶ᩣ, Lao ຝ້າ (fā) or ເຝື້ອ (fư̄a), Shan ၽႃႈ (phāa) or ၾႃႈ (fāa), Zuojiang Zhuang paj, Bouyei veac, Saek เวี̂ย.

#### Noun

ᦚᦱᧉ • (ḟaa²) (Tai Tham spelling ᨺ᩶ᩣ)
* cloud

##### Derived terms

* ᦖᦸᧅᧈᦚᦱᧉ (ṁoak¹ḟaa²)

### Etymology 2

From Mandarin 發／发 (fā).

#### Verb

ᦚᦱᧉ • (ḟaa²) (Tai Tham spelling ᨺ᩶ᩣ, abstract noun ᦂᦱᧃᦚᦱᧉ)
* to distribute

### References

* Hanna, William J. (2019) “Query for ᦚᦱᧉ”, in Dai Lue - English Dictionary (in Chinese), SIL International
# teropong
## Indonesian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [təˈropɔŋ]
* Hyphenation: tê‧ro‧pong

### Noun

têropong (uncountable)
* binoculars
    Synonym: keker

#### Derived terms

* meneropong
* meneropongi
* peneropongan
* teropong api
* teropong bintang
* teropong kuman
* teropong tuma

### Further reading

* “teropong” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# סימנייה
## Hebrew
### Etymology

* Root
* ס־מ־ן (s-m-n)
* 5 terms
From סִימָן (simán, “mark, sign, symbol”) +‎ ־יָּה (-iyá).

### Noun

סימנייה / סִימָנִיָּה • (simaniyá) f (plural indefinite סִימָנִיּוֹת, singular construct סימניית / סִימְנִיַּת־)
* a bookmark
# 𗀙

| 𗀙 | U+17019, &#94233; TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-17019 |
| ← 𗀘 [U+17018] | Tangut | 𗀚 → [U+1701A] |

## Tangut
### Pronunciation

* (Li Fanwen 2008): *phə̱¹
* (Miyake 2019): *¹phy'₁
* (Kychanov 2006): *phə¹
* (Sofronov 1968): *phə¹

### Definitions

𗀙 (radical 𘠀+10, 11 strokes, composition ⿱𘠀⿲𘠨𘣚𘠢)
* to detest; to slander

#### Compounds

* 𗀙𗿧 (*phə̱¹ tsə̣¹)

### References

* 𘝞𗗚 [*ꞏjwɨr² ŋjow², Wénhǎi / Sea of Writing] (in Tangut), 12th c.: Level Tone volume, folio 40B, column 4, character 1
* 𗙏𘙰 [*ɣiẹ² lew², Tóngyīn / Homophones] (in Tangut), 12th c.:
   * A edition: folio 08A, column 3, character 2
   * B edition: folio 08B, column 5, character 3
* Li Fanwen (2012) 簡明夏漢字典 [Concise Xia-Han Dictionary] (in Chinese), revised edition, character 0082
* Miyake, Marc (2019) “Tangut Phonetic Database 4.0”, in amritas.com
* Kychanov, Yevgeny (2006) Словарь тангутского (Си Ся) языка [Slovarʹ tangutskovo (Si Sja) jazyka, Dictionary of the Tangut (Xi Xia) Language] (in Russian), character 3935-0
* Sofronov, Mikhail Viktorovich (1968) Грамматика тангутского языка [Grammatika tangutskovo jazyka, Grammar of the Tangut Language] (in Russian), character 0070
# tunok
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *tənək (“thorn”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tənək, from Proto-Austronesian *Cənək. Compare Tagalog tinik.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tuˈnok/ [tuˈn̪ok]
* Hyphenation: tu‧nok

### Noun

tunók (Basahan spelling ᜆᜓᜈᜓᜃ᜔)
* (botany) thorn

#### Derived terms

* magtunok
* makatunok
* matunok
* tunokon

## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *Cənək (“thorn”).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: tu‧nok
* IPA: /tuˈnok/ [t̪ʊˈn̪ok]

### Noun

tunók
* spine; thorn; quill
* red lionfish (Pterois volitans)

#### Derived terms

* makatunok
* matunok
* tunokon

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *Cənək (“thorn”).

### Noun

tunok
* thorn
# औद्योगिक
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit औद्योगिक (audyogika).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɔːd̪.joː.ɡɪk/

### Adjective

औद्योगिक • (audyogik) (indeclinable)
* industrial

#### See also

* उद्योग (udyog)

## Marathi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit औद्योगिक (audyogika), equivalent to उद्योग (udyog, “industry”) +‎ -इक (-ik).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əud̪.jo.ɡik/, [əud̪.jo.ɡiːk]

### Adjective

औद्योगिक • (audyogik)
* industrial

#### Derived terms

* औद्योगिकीकरण (audyogikīkraṇ, “industrialization”)

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “औद्योगिक”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “औद्योगिक”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “औद्योगिक”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
# redoubtable
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French redoutable (spelled redoubtable in early modern French).

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ɹɪˈdaʊ.tə.bəl/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adjective

redoubtable (comparative more redoubtable, superlative most redoubtable)
* Eliciting respect or fear; imposing; awe-inspiring.
    The redoubtable New York Times has been called the "newspaper of record" of the United States.
** 1941 September, O. S. Nock, “The Locomotives of Sir Nigel Gresley: Part V”, in Railway Magazine, page 396:This new batch was sent to Leicester shed, and the redoubtable enginemen who had made such a reputation for themselves with the ex-G.C.R. Atlantics took to the "B17s" immediately, although, of course, they required quite different driving methods; [...].
** 2022 November 2, Paul Bigland, “New trains, old trains, and splendid scenery”, in RAIL, number 969, page 57:Three local yobs have also joined, but they have not reckoned on a redoubtable Conductor and two local revenue protection officers who soon escort them off the train!
* (obsolete) Valiant.

#### Derived terms

* redoubtableness
* redoubtably
* unredoubtable

#### Translations
### References

* “redoubtable”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

## French
### Adjective

redoubtable (plural redoubtables)
* Archaic spelling of redoutable.

## Middle French
### Adjective

redoubtable m or f (plural redoubtables)
* fearsome

#### Descendants

* French: redoutable
# ხარჭი
## Old Georgian
### Etymology

Together with the synonymous Old Armenian հարճ (harč) probably borrowed from Middle Iranian. See the Armenian entry for more.
For the Old Georgian ხ (x) ~ Old Armenian հ (h) alternation Ačaṙean compares ხაშმი (xašmi) ~ հաշմ (hašm), ხარკი (xarḳi) ~ հարկ (hark), გლეხი (glexi) ~ գռեհ (gṙeh), all Iranian borrowings.
Less likely borrowed from a Northeast Caucasian language, compare: Andi гьорчӏчӏи (horččʼi, “female, wife”) (← *гьоркӏкӏи (*horkkʼi)), Chamalal гьаш (haš, “id.”), Botlikh гьакки (hakki, “id.”), Tindi гьаккуй (hak̄uj, “id.”), Avar гӏоркӏкӏен (ʻorkkʼen, “sheep”), all ultimately from Proto-Avaro-Andian *horḳ:ʷa-.

### Noun

ხარჭი • (xarč̣i)
* concubine

#### Derived terms

* ხარჭება (xarč̣eba)
* ხარჭოსანი (xarč̣osani)
* დახარჭებაჲ (daxarč̣ebay)
* დახარჭებული (daxarč̣ebuli)
* მეხარჭეობაჲ (mexarč̣eobay)
* ხარჭოსნობაჲ (xarč̣osnobay)
* ხარჭოსნებული (xarč̣osnebuli)

#### Descendants

* ⇒ Georgian: ხარჭა (xarč̣a) (obsolete)

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1898) “Jaynabanutʻiwn (Lautlehre) vracʻerēn hayerēnicʻ pʻoxaṙeal baṙeri [The phonology of Georgian borrowings from Armenian]”, in Ararat (in Armenian), volume 31, Vagharshapat: Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin, page 368a
* ↑ Gudava, Ṭogo (1954) “Kartul-xunʒuri leksiḳuri šexvedrebis šesaxeb [On Georgian-Avar lexical interactions]”, in Sakartvelos ssr mecnierebata aḳademiis moambe (in Georgian), volume 5, number 10, Tbilisi, page 703
* ↑ Халилов, М. Ш. (2004) Грузинско-дагестанские языковые контакты [Georgian–Daghestanian linguistic contacts] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 229
* ↑ Nikolaev, Sergei L., Starostin, Sergei A. (1994) “*horḳ:ʷa-”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary‎, Moscow: Asterisk Publishers

### Further reading

* Abulaʒe, Ilia (1973) “ხარჭი”, in Ʒveli kartuli enis leksiḳoni (masalebi) [Dictionary of Old Georgian (Materials)]‎ (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, page 561a
* J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 609
* Sardshweladse, Surab, Fähnrich, Heinz (2005) “ხარჭი”, in Altgeorgisch-Deutsches Wörterbuch (Handbook of Oriental Studies; VIII.12), with the collaboration of Irine Melikishvili and Sopio Sardshweladse, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 1566a
# lara
## Albanian
### Etymology

Substantivized form of larë/lanë, participle of laj.

### Noun

lara pl
* menstruation; rinse water

#### Related terms

* laj

## Balinese
### Romanization

lara
* Romanization of ᬮᬭ (“sick”).

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay lada.

### Noun

lara
* (obsolete) Capsicum; a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae
* (obsolete) the fruit of these plants; a chili pepper or bell pepper

#### Usage notes

Displaced by sili.

## Javanese
### Romanization

lara
* (Indonesian) Romanization of ꦭꦫ.

## Kapampangan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay lada.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlaɾəʔ/ [ˈläː.ɾəʔ]
* Hyphenation: la‧ra

### Noun

lárâ
* Capsicum; a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae
* the fruit of these plants; a chili pepper or bell pepper

## Laboya
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlaːra]

### Noun

lara
* road
* way
* path

### References

* Allahverdi Verdizade (2019) “lara”, in Lamboya word list‎, Leiden: LexiRumah

## Mansaka
### Verb

lara
* to weave (a mat)

## Masbatenyo
### Noun

lara
* poison

## Old English
### Noun

lāra
* nominative/accusative plural of lār

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Probably from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lalu (“to worsen (as an illness)”).

### Adjective

lara
* ill, sick
    Synonyms: ārta, grah, lara, rogī, wyādhi
* sad
* suffering
* affliction, grief

#### Derived terms

* alara
* amilarani
* apilara
* aṅalara
* aṅlalara
* aṅlarani
* aṅlare
* kalara
* kalara-lara
* kalaran
* kinalaran
* kinalarākĕn
* kumalara
* linara-lara
* linaran
* lumare
* paṅlara
* pinilara

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦭꦫ (lara)
* → Balinese: ᬮᬭ (lara)
* → Malay: لارا (lara)
** > Indonesian: lara (inherited)

### Further reading

* "lara" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay lada, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lajaq. Compare Kapampangan lara and Cebuano lara. Doublet of lala.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈlaɾaʔ/ [ˈlaː.ɾɐʔ]
* Rhymes: -aɾaʔ
* Syllabification: la‧ra

### Noun

larà (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜇ) (now dialectal, Southern Tagalog)
* bell pepper; chili pepper; pepper
    Synonym: siling lara

#### Derived terms

* laraan
* maglara
* malara

### Further reading

* “lara”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
* San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎, La Noble Villa de Pila, page 155: “Chile) Lara (pp) que pica y quema”

### Anagrams

* aral