# occupy
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English occupien, occupyen, borrowed from Old French occuper, from Latin occupāre (“to take possession of, seize, occupy, take up, employ”), from ob (“to, on”) + capiō (“to take”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“to seize, grab”). Doublet of occupate, now obsolete.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) enPR: ŏʹ-kyo͝o-pī IPA: /ˈɒkjʊpaɪ/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈɑkjəpaɪ/
* Hyphenation: oc‧cu‧py

### Verb

occupy (third-person singular simple present occupies, present participle occupying, simple past and past participle occupied)
* (transitive, of time) To take or use.
** To fill.
    The film occupied three hours of my time.
*** 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter VIII, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:I corralled the judge, and we started off across the fields, in no very mild state of fear of that gentleman's wife, whose vigilance was seldom relaxed. And thus we came by a circuitous route to Mohair, the judge occupied by his own guilty thoughts, and I by others not less disturbing.
** To possess or use the time or capacity of; to engage the service of.
    The film occupied me for three hours.
    I occupy myself with gardening for a few hours every day.
** To fill or hold (an official position or role).
    I occupy the post of deputy cat catcher.
** To hold the attention of.
    I occupied her friend while he made his proposal.
* (transitive) To take or use space.
** To fill space.
    The historic mansion occupied two city blocks.
** To live or reside in.
*** 1824, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], Tales of a Traveller, (please specify |part=1 to 4), Philadelphia, Pa.: H[enry] C[harles] Carey & I[saac] Lea, […], →OCLC:The better apartments were already occupied.
*** 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page vii:With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get […]
** (military) To have, or to have taken, possession or control of (a territory).
*** 1940, The China monthly review‎, volumes 94-95, page 370:The Japanese can occupy but cannot hold, and what they can hold they cannot hold long, was the opinion of General Pai Chung-hsi, Chief of the General Staff of the Chinese Army, […]
*** 1975, Esmé Cecil Wingfield-Stratford, King Charles and King Pym, 1637-1643, page 330:Rupert, with his usual untamable energy, was scouring the country — but at first in the wrong direction, that of Aylesbury, another keypoint in the outer ring of Oxford defences, which he occupied but could not hold.
*** 1983, Arthur Keppel-Jones, Rhodes and Rhodesia: The White Conquest of Zimbabwe, 1884-1902, page 462:One of the rebel marksmen, who had taken up position on a boulder, was knocked off it by the recoil of his weapon every time he fired. Again the attack achieved nothing. Positions were occupied, but could not be held.
*** 1991, Werner Spies, John William Gabriel, Max Ernst collages: the invention of the surrealist universe, page 333:Germany occupied France for three years while France struggled to make payments that were a condition of surrender.
*** 2006, John Michael Francis, Iberia and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History, page 496:Spain occupied, but could not populate, and its failure to expand Florida led Britain to consider the peninsula a logical extension of its colonial holdings.
** (surveying) To place the theodolite or total station at (a point).
* (transitive, obsolete) To have sexual intercourse with.
** 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:God's light, these villains will make the word as odious as the word 'occupy;' which was an excellent good word before it was ill sorted
** 1867, Robert Nares A Glossary
    OCCUPY, [sensu obsc.] To possess, or enjoy.
       These villains will make the word captain, as odious as the word occupy. 2 Hen. IV, ii, 4.
       Groyne, come of age, his state sold out of hand
       For 's whore; Groyne still doth occupy his land. B. Jons. Epigr., 117.
       Many, out of their own obscene apprehensions, refuse proper and fit words, as occupy, nature, and the like. Ibid., Discoveries, vol. vii, p. 119.
    It is so used also in Rowley's New Wonder, Anc. Dr., v, 278.
* (obsolete) To do business in; to busy oneself with.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ezekiel 27:9:All the ships of the sea, with their mariners, were in thee to occupy the merchandise.
** 1551, Ralph Robinson (tr.), Sir Thomas More's Utopia (in Latin), 1516
    not able to occupy their old crafts
* (obsolete) To use; to expend; to make use of.
** 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 38:24:all the gold that was occupied for the work
** 1551, Ralph Robinson (tr.), Sir Thomas More's Utopia (in Latin), 1516
    They occupy not money themselves.

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | (to) occupy | (to) occupy |
| | present tense | past tense |
| 1st-person singular | occupy | occupied |
| 2nd-person singular | occupy, occupiest$^†$ | occupied |
| 3rd-person singular | occupies, occupieth$^†$ | occupied |
| plural | occupy | occupied |
| subjunctive | occupy | occupied |
| imperative | occupy | — |
| participles | occupying | occupied |
$^†$Archaic or obsolete.

#### Synonyms

* (to possess or use the time or capacity of): employ, busy
* (to have sexual intercourse with): coitize, go to bed with, sleep with; see also Thesaurus:copulate with

#### Derived terms

* deoccupy
* occupier
* occupy oneself

#### Related terms

* occupant
* occupation

#### Translations
### See also

* Appendix:American Dialect Society words of the year

### References

* “occupy”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* occupy in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
* James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Occupy”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC.
* “occupy”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “occupy”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* ↑ Sidney J. Baker, The Australian Language, second edition, 1966.