# խորշակ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian խորշակ (xoršak).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /χoɾˈʃɑk/, [χoɾʃɑ́k]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /χoɾˈʃɑɡ/, [χoɾʃɑ́ɡ]

### Noun

խորշակ • (xoršak) (literary)
* hot wind, parching wind

#### Declension
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* խորշ (xorš) — post-Classical, hapax

### Etymology

A Middle Iranian borrowing. Compare Manichaean Parthian 𐫍𐫇𐫢𐫀𐫃 (hwšʾg /⁠hōšāg⁠/, “hot wind, parching wind”, literally “drying”), which is from the same root as Persian خوشیدن (xošidan, “to grow dry; to shrivel; to burn, parch”). To explain the -որ- (-or-) a contamination with a reflex of Proto-Iranian *húHar (“sun”) is assumed.
Aghwan 𐕀𐕒𐔽𐔰𐕣 (xoˁak) and Old Georgian ხორშაკი (xoršaḳi), Georgian ხორშა (xorša), are from the same source.

### Noun

խորշակ • (xoršak)
* hot wind, parching wind
** 5th century, Bible, Deuteronomy 28.22:Հարցէ զքեզ Տէր տարակուսանօք եւ ջերմամբ եւ սարսռով․ եւ խթիւք եւ երկիղիւ եւ խորշակաւ եւ գունով․ եւ հալածեսցեն զքեզ մինչեւ կորուսցեն զքեզHarcʻē zkʻez Tēr tarakusanōkʻ ew ǰermamb ew sarsṙov; ew xtʻiwkʻ ew erkiłiw ew xoršakaw ew gunov; ew halacescʻen zkʻez minčʻew koruscʻen zkʻezTranslation by Brenton Septuagint TranslationMay the Lord strike you with difficulty and fever and cold and irritation and murder and with blight and paleness, and they shall pursue you until they destroy you.
** 5th century, Bible, Job 27.21:Առցէ զնա խորշակ եւ գնասցէ, եւ հոսեսցէ զնա ի տեղւոջէ իւրմէ:Aṙcʻē zna xoršak ew gnascʻē, ew hosescʻē zna i tełwoǰē iwrmē:Translation by Claude E. CoxBurning wind will take him up, and he will depart.

#### Usage notes

* In Deuteronomy, translates Ancient Greek ἀνεμοφθορία (anemophthoría).
* In Job, translates Ancient Greek καύσων (kaúsōn).

#### Derived terms

* բազմախորշակ (bazmaxoršak)
* խորշակագնաց (xoršakagnacʻ)
* խորշակախառն (xoršakaxaṙn)
* խորշակահար (xoršakahar)
* խորշակահարութիւն (xoršakaharutʻiwn)
* խորշակայեղց (xoršakayełcʻ)
* խորշակաչոր (xoršakačʻor)
* խորշակառ (xoršakaṙ)
* խորշակասուն (xoršakasun)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: խորշակ (xoršak) (learned)

### References

* ↑ Cox, Claude E. (1981) The Armenian translation of Deuteronomy (Armenian texts and studies; 2)‎, University of Pennsylvania: Scholars Press, pages 184–185
* ↑ Cox, Claude E. (2006) Armenian Job: reconstructed Greek text, critical edition of the Armenian with English translation (Hebrew University Armenian studies; 8), Leuven – Paris – Dudley, MA: Peeters, pages 180–181

### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “խորշակ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “խորշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 410b, unaware of the Middle Persian form tentatively connects with Biblical Hebrew חרישי (xarīšī, “perhaps sultry”), a hapax occurring in Jonah 9:8
* Gippert, Jost (2009) “An Etymological Trifle”, in Werner Sundermann et al., editors, Exegisti monumenta. Festschrift in Honour of Nicholas Sims-Williams (Iranica; 17)‎, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pages 127–140
* Gippert, Jost (2017) “Armeno-Albanica II: Exchanging doves”, in Bjarne Simmelkjær Sandgaard Hansen et al., editors, Usque ad radices: Indo-European studies in honour of Birgit Anette Olsen (Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European; 8)‎, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, page 181
* Korn, Agnes, Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2009) “Parthian seen from a Balochi Perspective”, in Studia Iranica, volume 38, number 1, →DOI, pages 9–10
* Korn, Agnes, Olsen, Birgit Anette (2012) “On Armenian -agin: additional evidence for a third West Middle Iranian dialect?”, in Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft‎, volume 66, number 2, pages 208–209
* Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 245, 885
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “խորշակ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy