OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lugo
## English
### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA or enPR then please add some!
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Proper noun

Lugo
* A city of the province of the same name in Galicia, Spain, and its capital.
* A province in northeast Galicia, Spain.
* A comune in Romagna, Italy.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* goul

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ˈlu.ɣu]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [ˈlu.ɣo]
* Rhymes: -uɡo
* Hyphenation: Lu‧go

### Proper noun

Lugo ?
* Lugo (a province of Galicia, Spain)
* Lugo (a city, the provincial capital of Lugo, Spain)

## Galician
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Lugo, from Latin Lūcus Augustī, founded by Augustus as capital of the Roman district of Gallaecia Lucense after the conquest of northwestern Iberia. From lūcus (“sacred wood”). Compare Portuguese Lugo, Italian Lugo (and Lucania).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈluɡo/ [ˈlu.ɣ̞ʊ]
* IPA: (standard) /ˈluɡo/ [ˈlu.ɣ̞ʊ]
* IPA: (gheada) /ˈluħo/ [ˈlu.ħʊ]
* Rhymes: -uɡo
* Rhymes: -uɡo
* Rhymes: -uħo
* Hyphenation: Lu‧go

### Proper noun

Lugo m
* Lugo (a province of Galicia, Spain)
* Lugo (a city, the provincial capital of Lugo, Galicia, Spain)

#### Related terms

* lucense
* lugués

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “Lugo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “Lugo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin Lūcus Augustī, from lūcus (“sacred wood”).

### Proper noun

Lugo
* Lugo (a city in Galicia, Spain)

#### Related terms

* lume
* luz
* Luzia
* lũa
* lũar
* lũes

#### Descendants

* Galician: Lugo
* Portuguese: Lugo

### Further reading

* Universo Cantigas - "Lugo"

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese Lugo, from Latin Lūcus Augustī, from lūcus (“sacred wood”). Compare Galician Lugo.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈlu.ɡu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈlu.ɡu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈlu.ɡo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈlu.ɡu/ [ˈlu.ɣu]
* Rhymes: (most dialects) -uɡu, (Southern Brazil) -uɡo
* Hyphenation: Lu‧go

### Proper noun

Lugo
* Lugo (a province of Galicia, Spain)
* Lugo (a city, the provincial capital of Lugo, Galicia, Spain)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈluɡo/ [ˈlu.ɣ̞o]
* Rhymes: -uɡo
* Syllabification: Lu‧go

### Proper noun

Lugo m
* Lugo (a province of Galicia, Spain; capital: Lugo)
* Lugo (a city in Lugo, Spain)

#### Derived terms

* lucense
* lugués
# artifício
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin artificium.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aʁ.t͡ʃiˈfi.si.u/ [ah.t͡ʃiˈfi.sɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /aʁ.t͡ʃiˈfi.sju/ [ah.t͡ʃiˈfi.sju]
* (Brazil) IPA: /aʁ.t͡ʃiˈfi.si.u/ [ah.t͡ʃiˈfi.sɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /aʁ.t͡ʃiˈfi.sju/ [ah.t͡ʃiˈfi.sju]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /aɾ.t͡ʃiˈfi.si.u/ [aɾ.t͡ʃiˈfi.sɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /aɾ.t͡ʃiˈfi.sju/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /aʁ.t͡ʃiˈfi.si.u/ [aχ.t͡ʃiˈfi.sɪ.u], (faster pronunciation) /aʁ.t͡ʃiˈfi.sju/ [aχ.t͡ʃiˈfi.sju]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aɻ.t͡ʃiˈfi.si.o/ [aɻ.t͡ʃiˈfi.sɪ.o], (faster pronunciation) /aɻ.t͡ʃiˈfi.sjo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐɾ.tiˈfi.sju/
* Hyphenation: ar‧ti‧fí‧ci‧o

### Noun

artifício m (plural artifícios)
* artifact
* artifice
* device, gimmick
* craftiness, fraud

#### Derived terms

* fogo de artifício

#### Related terms

* artificial
* artificioso

### Further reading

* “artifício”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
# ἀποπλήσσω
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ἀποπλήττω (apoplḗttō) — Attic

### Etymology

From ἀπο- (apo-) +‎ πλήσσω (plḗssō, “to strike”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.po.plɛ̌ːs.sɔː/ → /a.poˈplis.so/ → /a.poˈpli.so/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.po.plɛ̌ːs.sɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /a.poˈple̝s.so/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /a.poˈplis.so/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /a.poˈplis.so/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /a.poˈpli.so/

### Verb

ἀποπλήσσω • (apoplḗssō)
* to strike to earth
* to cripple with a stroke, disable
* (passive voice) to lose one's senses, become dizzy, become dumbfounded
** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 1189
* (middle voice) to drive back, repulse
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Problems 899b.24

#### Derived terms

* πᾰνᾰπόπληκτος (pănăpóplēktos)

#### Related terms

* ἀποπληκτεύομαι (apoplēkteúomai)
* ἀποπληκτῐκός (apoplēktĭkós)
* ἀπόπληκτος (apóplēktos)
* ἀποπληκτώδης (apoplēktṓdēs)
* ἀποπληξίᾱ (apoplēxíā)
* ἀποπλήξῐος (apoplḗxĭos)
* ἀπόπληξῐς (apóplēxĭs)

### Further reading

* “ἀποπλήσσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἀποπλήσσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἀποπλήσσω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἀποπλήσσω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἀποπλήσσω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* ἀποπλήσσω in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
# sanitary
## English
### Etymology

19th century, borrowed from French sanitaire, formed from Latin sanitas (“health”). Analysable as sanity +‎ -ary.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation, General Australian) IPA: /ˈsænɪt(ə)ɹi/
* (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˈsænɪtɛɹi/, [ˈsɛənɪtɛɹi]
** Audio (California):(file)
* (Philippines) IPA: /saniˈtaɾi/
* Hyphenation: san‧i‧ta‧ry

### Adjective

sanitary (comparative more sanitary, superlative most sanitary)
* Of, or relating to health.
* Clean and free from pathogens; hygienic.

#### Derived terms

* hydrosanitary
* insanitary
* phytosanitary
* rural sanitary district
* sanitary district
* sanitary engineer
* sanitary engineering
* sanitary landfill
* sanitary napkin
* sanitary pad
* sanitary science
* sanitary sewer
* sanitary towel
* sanitary ware
* sociosanitary
* unsanitary
* zoosanitary

#### Related terms

* sane
* sanity

#### Related terms

* sanitize

#### Translations
### Noun

sanitary (plural sanitaries)
* Sanitary towel.
** 1996, Tekla Dennison Miller, The Warden Wore Pink, page 117:When I made evening rounds, I saw women with their hair rolled, using the sanitaries for rollers.
** 2002, Jael Silliman, Anannya Bhattacharjee, Angela Yvonne Davis, Policing the National Body: Sex, Race, and Criminalization, →ISBN, page 21:Women... bleed all over everything because of no proper sanitary protection for disposal and no tampons are issued, bloody unwrapped sanitaries are in every dorm john, every trash can, and blood on every faucet handle...and everywhere imaginable.
** 2004, LaVerne McQuiller Williams, Women, Crime, and the Criminal Justice System, →ISBN, page 24:But sanitaries are the worst. The prison only brings out two packs of sanitaries for everybody, and that's like 240 of sanitaries every month for all the women.
# wüten
## German
### Etymology

Verbal form of Wut.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvyːtn̩/, /ˈvyːtən/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

wüten (weak, third-person singular present wütet, past tense wütete, past participle gewütet, auxiliary haben)
* to rage, to rampage, to riot, to run amok
* (figurative) to rage (to move with great violence)
    Der Sturm hatte die Nacht über gewütet. ― The storm had raged all through the night.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* auswüten
* herumwüten
* Wüten
* wütend
* Wüterei

### Further reading

* “wüten” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “wüten” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “wüten” in Duden online
* “wüten” in OpenThesaurus.de
# ταμίας
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ταμίης (tamíēs) — Epic, Ionic

### Etymology

A nominal formation from τᾰμεῖν (tămeîn, “to cut up, divide”), active infinitive aorist form of τέμνω (témnō, “to cut, hew”), though the exact morphological details are unclear. May be analyzed as τέμνω (témnō) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱς (-ĭ́ās).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta.mí.aːs/ → /taˈmi.as/ → /taˈmi.as/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ta.mí.aːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /taˈmi.as/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /taˈmi.as/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /taˈmi.as/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /taˈmi.as/

### Noun

τᾰμῐ́ᾱς • (tămĭ́ās) m (genitive τᾰμῐ́ου); first declension
* steward, dispenser

#### Derived terms

* τᾰμίᾱ (tămíā)
* τᾰμῐεῖον (tămĭeîon)
* τᾰμῐεύω (tămĭeúō)

### Noun

τᾰμίᾱς • (tămíās)
* inflection of τᾰμίᾱ (tămíā):
** genitive singular
** accusative plural

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ταμία (> VAR > ταμίας)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1447-8

### Further reading

* “ταμίας”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ταμίας”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* ταμίας in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* “ταμίας”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. agent idem, page 18.business idem, page 106.chamberlain idem, page 123.commissioner idem, page 148.comptroller idem, page 154.controller idem, page 170.dispenser idem, page 236.manager idem, page 511.overseer idem, page 586.quaestor idem, page 662.seneschal idem, page 752.steward idem, page 816.store keeper idem, page 821.superintendent idem, page 839.supervisor idem, page 840.treasurer idem, page 892.
* “ταμίας”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

## Greek
### Noun

ταμίας • (tamías) m or f (plural ταμίες)
* cashier, teller, bursar, treasurer (sometimes a colloquial feminine genitive form)

#### Declension

The second genitive singular is a colloquial feminine form.

#### Synonyms

* (bank clerk): τραπεζικός m (trapezikós)

#### Related terms

* see: ταμείο (tameío, “cashier's desk, checkout”)

### Further reading

* ταμίας on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
# cílios postiços
## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈsi.li.us posˈt͡ʃi.sus/ [ˈsi.lɪ.us posˈt͡ʃi.sus], (faster pronunciation) /ˈsi.ljus posˈt͡ʃi.sus/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈsi.li.us posˈt͡ʃi.sus/ [ˈsi.lɪ.us posˈt͡ʃi.sus], (faster pronunciation) /ˈsi.ljus posˈt͡ʃi.sus/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈsi.li.uʃ poʃˈt͡ʃi.suʃ/ [ˈsi.lɪ.uʃ poʃˈt͡ʃi.suʃ], (faster pronunciation) /ˈsi.ljuʃ poʃˈt͡ʃi.suʃ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈsi.li.os posˈt͡ʃi.sos/ [ˈsi.lɪ.os posˈt͡ʃi.sos], (faster pronunciation) /ˈsi.ljos posˈt͡ʃi.sos/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈsi.ljuʃ puʃˈti.suʃ/

### Noun

cílios postiços m pl (plural only)
* (cosmetics) false eyelashes

### See also

* unhas postiças
# gemeenschap
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch gemeenschap, related to German Gemeinschaft and Low German Gemeenschop. Equivalent to gemeen +‎ -schap.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣəˈmeːnˌsxɑp/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ge‧meen‧schap

### Noun

gemeenschap f (plural gemeenschappen, diminutive gemeenschapje n)
* community
    Synonyms: community, maatschappij, samenleving
    Parlement van de Franse Gemeenschap ― Parliament of the French Community
* commonality
    gemeenschap van goederencommonality of goods
* intercourse, sexual intercourse
    Synonyms: geslachtsgemeenschap, geslachtsverkeer, lijfsgemeenschap, seks

#### Derived terms

* gemeenschappelijk
* gemeenschapszin
* geslachtsgemeenschap
* kloostergemeenschap
* leefgemeenschap
* levensgemeenschap
* lijfsgemeenschap
* mondgemeenschap
* schoolgemeenschap
* taalgemeenschap
* volksgemeenschap
* woongemeenschap

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: gemeenskap
* Negerhollands: gemeenskap
# altceva
## Romanian
### Etymology

From alt- +‎ ceva.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /alt.t͡ʃeˈva/, /ˈalt.t͡ʃe.va/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -a
* Hyphenation: alt‧ce‧va

### Pronoun

altceva
* something else

#### Related terms

* ceva
* orice
# vitre
## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vitrum. Doublet of verre. Compare Spanish vidrio and Catalan vidre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vitʁ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

vitre f (plural vitres)
* pane of glass, window pane
    poser des vitres à une fenêtre ― to put glass in a window
* window (of a vehicle)
    Remonte ta vitre, il y a trop de vent.Put your window up; it's too windy.
* (Canada) glass (substance)

#### Synonyms

* carreau (de fenêtre)
* (Canada) verre

#### Derived terms

* lève-vitre
* vitrage
* vitrail
* vitrer
* vitrier
* vitrine

#### Related terms

* verre
* vitreux
* vitrifier

### Verb

vitre
* inflection of vitrer:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “vitre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* revit, revît
* vêtir

## Norman
### Etymology

From Latin vitrum.

### Noun

vitre m (plural vitres)
* (Jersey) pane

#### Synonyms

* ôsaine
# surrogate
## English
### Etymology

From Latin surrogātus, perfect passive participle of surrogō (“ask”); a variant of subrogō, from sub (“under”) + rogō (“ask”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)
Adjective and noun:
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈsʌɹəɡɪt/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈsɝəɡɪt/
Verb:
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈsʌɹəɡeɪt/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈsɝəɡeɪt/

### Noun

surrogate (plural surrogates)
* A substitute (usually of a person, position or role).
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:substitute
    A mixture of horseradish and mustard often serves as a surrogate for wasabi.
* A person or animal that acts as a substitute for the social or pastoral role of another, such as a surrogate parent.
* (chiefly British) A deputy for a bishop in granting licences for marriage.
* (US, politics) A politician or person of influence campaigning for a presidential candidate.
* (US law) A judicial officer of limited jurisdiction, who administers matters of probate and intestate succession and, in some cases, adoptions.
* (computing) Any of a range of Unicode codepoints which are used in pairs in UTF-16 to represent characters beyond the Basic Multilingual Plane.
* (economics) An ersatz good.
* (databases) Ellipsis of surrogate key.

#### Hyponyms

(Unicode codepoint):
* high surrogate
* low surrogate

#### Derived terms

* audience surrogate
* surrogate activity
* surrogate advertising
* surrogate father
* surrogate key
* surrogate mother
* surrogate pair
* surrogate parent
* surrogate proxy
* surrogateship
* surrogative
* surrogatively

#### Related terms

* surrogatum

#### Descendants

* → Dutch: surrogaat

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Adjective

surrogate (comparative more surrogate, superlative most surrogate)
* Of, concerning, relating to or acting as a substitute.

#### Translations
### Verb

surrogate (third-person singular simple present surrogates, present participle surrogating, simple past and past participle surrogated)
* (transitive) To replace or substitute something with something else; to appoint a successor.
    Synonyms: deputize, foster, replace, subrogate, substitute

#### Related terms

* subrogate

#### Translations
### See also

* surrogatum

### Anagrams

* outragers

## Italian
### Adjective

surrogate f
* feminine plural of surrogato

## Latin
### Verb

surrogāte
* second-person plural present active imperative of surrogō
# ضحا
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* ضُحًى (ḍuḥan)

### Etymology

From root ض ح و (ḍ ḥ w), though often written as ضُحًى (ḍuḥan), as if deriving from ض ح ي (ḍ ḥ y). Compare زِنًى (zinan) for a reverse situation.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dˤu.ħan/

### Noun

ضُحًا • (ḍuḥan) m (uncountable)
* morning; forenoon
    Synonym: (modern) صُبْح (ṣubḥ)

#### Related terms

* ضَحْوَة (ḍaḥwa)
# ရာဇ
## Burmese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Pali rājan, ultimately from Sanskrit राजन् (rājan).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jàza̰/
* Romanization: MLCTS: raja. • ALA-LC: rāja • BGN/PCGN: yaza. • Okell: yazá

### Noun

ရာဇ • (raja.)
* king; ruler; monarch; sovereign

#### Derived terms

* ကိုယ်ရေးရာဇဝင် (kuiyre:raja.wang)
* ပါးစပ်ရာဇဝင် (pa:cap-raja.wang)
* ရာဇကြောင်း (raja.kraung:)
* ရာဇဂိုဏ်းသင့် (raja.guin:sang.)
* ရာဇဌာနီ (raja.htani)
* ရာဇတိုင် (raja.tuing)
* ရာဇဒဏ် (raja.dan)
* ရာဇဓံ (raja.dham)
* ရာဇဓာနီ (raja.dhani)
* ရာဇနီတိ (raja.niti.)
* ရာဇပလ္လင် (raja.pallang)
* ရာဇမတ္တဏ် (raja.mattan)
* ရာဇမတ် (raja.mat)
* ရာဇမဟာမိတ် (raja.ma.hamit)
* ရာဇရေး (raja.re:)
* ရာဇဝင် (raja.wang)
* ရာဇဝင်ချပ် (raja.wanghkyap)
* ရာဇဝင်တွင် (raja.wangtwang)
* ရာဇဝင်ပြောင် (raja.wangpraung)
* ရာဇဝင်ရိုင်း (raja.wang-ruing:)
* ရာဇဝင်လူဆိုး (raja.wangluhcui:)
* ရာဇဝတ် (raja.wat)
* ရာဇဝတ်ကျင့်ထုံး (raja.watkyang.htum:)
* ရာဇဝတ်ကြောင်း (raja.watkraung:)
* ရာဇဝတ်ကောင် (raja.watkaung)
* ရာဇဝတ်ဘေး (raja.watbhe:)
* ရာဇဝတ်မှု (raja.wathmu.)
* ရာဇဝတ်သင့် (raja.watsang.)
* ရာဇဝတ်သား (raja.watsa:)
* ရာဇဝတ်အိုး (raja.wat-ui:)
* ရာဇသံ (raja.sam)
* ရာဇသတ် (raja.sat)

### References

* “ရာဇ” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* rāja (Latin script)
* 𑀭𑀸𑀚 (Brahmi script)
* राज (Devanagari script)
* রাজ (Bengali script)
* රාජ (Sinhalese script)
* ရႃၹ (Burmese script)
* ราช or ราชะ (Thai script)
* ᩁᩣᨩ (Tai Tham script)
* ຣາຊ or ຣາຊະ (Lao script)
* រាជ (Khmer script)
* 𑄢𑄂𑄎 (Chakma script)

### Noun

ရာဇ (rāja)
* Burmese script form of rāja, which is vocative singular of ရာဇန် (rājan, “king”)
* Burmese script form of rāja, which is combining form of ရာဇန် (rājan, “king”)
# ἑψία
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ἐψία (epsía)
* ἑψίη (hepsíē) — Ionic
* ψιά (psiá)

### Etymology

Schaffner reconstructs an Proto-Indo-European root with Germanic reflexes. According to Beekes, the presence of variations leads to a Pre-Greek origin, but Nikolaev rejects this.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hep.sí.aː/ → /epˈsi.a/ → /epˈsi.a/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hep.sí.aː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /(h)epˈsi.a/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /epˈsi.a/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /epˈsi.a/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /epˈsi.a/

### Noun

ἑψῐ́ᾱ • (hepsĭ́ā) f (genitive ἑψῐ́ᾱς); first declension
* amusement; plaything

#### Derived terms

* ἑψιάομαι (hepsiáomai)
* ὁμέψιος (homépsios)
* φιλέψιος (philépsios)

### Further reading

* “ἑψία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* ἑψία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἑψία”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 491-492
# դրոշմ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian դրոշմ (drošm).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /dəˈɾoʃm/, [dəɾóʃm]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /təˈɾoʃm/, [tʰəɾóʃm]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

դրոշմ • (drošm)
* impress, stamp, seal

#### Derived terms

* դրոշմաթուղթ (drošmatʻuġtʻ)
* դրոշմանիշ (drošmaniš)
* նամակդրոշմ (namakdrošm)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

An Iranian borrowing: compare Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dlwšwm /⁠drōšom⁠/, “mark”).

### Noun

դրոշմ • (drošm)
* impress, stamp, seal, mark, character
* (ecclesiastical) confirmation

#### Derived terms

* աղուեսադրոշմ (ałuesadrošm)
* աղուէսադրոշմ (ałuēsadrošm)
* անդրոշմ (androšm)
* աստուածադրոշմ (astuacadrošm)
* արքունադրոշմ (arkʻunadrošm)
* բացադրոշմեմ (bacʻadrošmem)
* դրոշմաբար (drošmabar)
* դրոշմած (drošmac)
* դրոշմական (drošmakan)
* դրոշմաճառ (drošmačaṙ)
* դրոշմաւոր (drošmawor)
* դրոշմաւորութիւն (drošmaworutʻiwn)
* դրոշմեմ (drošmem)
* դրոշմիչ (drošmičʻ)
* դրոշմումն (drošmumn)
* խաչադրոշմ (xačʻadrošm)
* խառնադրոշմ (xaṙnadrošm)
* ձուլադրոշմ (juladrošm)
* մատնադրոշմ (matnadrošm)
* նկարադրոշմ (nkaradrošm)
* նշանադրոշմ (nšanadrošm)
* նշանադրոշմումն (nšanadrošmumn)
* քրիստոսադրոշմ (kʻristosadrošm)

#### Related terms

* դրօշ (drōš)

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: դրոշմ (drošm)

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “դրոշմ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “դրոշմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 80
* Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 878
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “դրոշմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy