# 来

| 来 | U+6765, &#26469; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6765 |
| ← 杤 [U+6764] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 杦 → [U+6766] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 來 |
| Simplified | 来 |
| Japanese | 来 |
| Korean | 來 |

### Glyph origin

Variant of 來.

### Han character

来 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木廿 (DT), composition ⿻未丷 or ⿻木䒑 or ⿻一米)

#### Derived characters

* 俫 崃 徕 涞 梾 睐 𪎌 铼 𣑎 𣘾 𣜻 赉 莱 慭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 513, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14489
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 21, character 9
* Unihan data for U+6765

## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 来 – see 來 (“to come; to arrive; to happen; to occur; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 來).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 来 |
| Kyūjitai | 來 |

### Kanji

(Second grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 來)

#### Readings

* Go-on: らい (rai, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: らい (rai, Jōyō)
* Kun: くる (kuru, 来る, Jōyō)、きたる (kitaru, 来る, Jōyō)、きたす (kitasu, 来す, Jōyō)、きし (kishi, 来し)、こし (koshi, 来し)
* Nanori: き (ki)、こ (ko)、な (na)、ゆき (yuki)

#### Compounds

* 再来(さらい) (sarai-)
* 出来(しゅったい) (shuttai)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 来
* らい Grade: 2
* on'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 來 (kyūjitai)
From Middle Chinese 來 (MC loj).
Compare modern Mandarin 來／来 (lái).

#### Pronunciation

(Can we verify this pronunciation?)
* (Tokyo) らい [ráꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɾa̠i]

#### Prefix

来(らい) • (rai-)
* next..., coming...

##### Derived terms

* 来(らい)夏(か) (raika)
* 来(らい)月(げつ) (raigetsu)
* 来(らい)日(じつ) (raijitsu)
* 来(らい)秋(しゅう) (raishū)
* 来(らい)週(しゅう) (raishū)
* 来(らい)春(しゅん) (raishun)
* 来(らい)冬(とう) (raitō)
* 来(らい)年(ねん) (rainen)
* 来(らい)春(はる) (raiharu)

#### Suffix

来(らい) • (-rai)
* since..., in...
** 1944, Osamu Dazai, Tsugaru:この二(に)、三(さん)年(ねん)来(らい)、私(わたし)は青(あお)森(もり)市(し)へ二(に)、三(さん)度(ど)行(い)ったが...Kono ni, sannen-rai, watashi wa Aomori-shi e ni, sando itta gaI went to Aomori two or three times in the past two or three years...(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Affix

来(らい) • (rai)
* coming, arriving
* coming, approaching, passing
* from (some point in the) past to present
* coming in time

##### Derived terms

* 来(らい)意(い) (raī)
* 来(らい)客(きゃく) (raikyaku)
* 来(らい)迎(ごう) (raigō)
* 来(らい)書(しょ) (raisho)
* 来(らい)状(じょう) (raijō)
* 来(らい)信(しん) (raishin)
* 来(らい)世(せ) (raise)
* 来(らい)日(にち) (rainichi)
* 来(らい)賓(ひん) (raihin)
* 来(らい)訪(ほう) (raihō)
* 来(らい)由(ゆ) (raiyu)
* 来(らい)歴(れき) (raireki)
* 以(い)来(らい) (irai)
* 遠(えん)来(らい) (enrai)
* 往(おう)来(らい) (ōrai)
* 外(がい)来(らい) (gairai)
* 元(がん)来(らい) (ganrai)
* 近(きん)来(らい) (kinrai)
* 古(こ)来(らい) (korai)
* 再(さい)来(らい) (sairai)
* 在(ざい)来(らい) (zairai)
* 爾(じ)来(らい) (jirai)
* 襲(しゅう)来(らい) (shūrai)
* 従(じゅう)来(らい) (jūrai)
* 招(しょう)来(らい) (shōrai)
* 将(しょう)来(らい) (shōrai)
* 新(しん)来(らい) (shinrai)
* 生(せい)来(らい) (seirai)
* 帰(き)来(らい) (kirai)
* 去(きょ)来(らい) (kyorai)
* 光(こう)来(らい), 高(こう)来(らい) (kōrai)
* 伝(でん)来(らい) (denrai)
* 渡(と)来(らい) (torai)
* 当(とう)来(らい) (tōrai)
* 到(とう)来(らい) (tōrai)
* 淘(とう)来(らい) (tōrai)
* 年(ねん)来(らい) (nenrai)
* 舶(はく)来(らい) (hakurai)
* 飛(ひ)来(らい) (hirai)
* 本(ほん)来(らい) (honrai)
* 未(み)来(らい) (mirai)
* 夜(や)来(らい) (yarai)
* 由(ゆ)来(らい) (yurai)
* 帰(き)去(きょ)来(らい) (kikyorai)

#### Proper noun

来(らい) • (Rai)
* a surname, especially of those descended from swordsmiths arriving from Goryeo around the mid-Kamakura period

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 来
* き Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 來 (kyūjitai)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) き [kíꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [kʲi]

#### Verb

来(き) • (ki)
* stem or continuative form of 来る (kuru)

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 来
* く Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 來 (kyūjitai)
From Old Japanese 來 (ku).

#### Verb

来(く) • (ku) intransitive $^†$-ko
* (archaic, obsolete) to come (approach one’s position from a remote location, specifically towards the speaker)
* (archaic, obsolete) to go (to a direction or place far from the speaker but near the listener)
* (archaic, suffixed to the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of a verb) to gradually begin to [verb]

##### Conjugation

Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 来 | こ | ko |
| Continuative (連用形) | 来 | き | ki |
| Terminal (終止形) | 来 | く | ku |
| Attributive (連体形) | 来る | くる | kuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 来れ | くれ | kure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 来 来よ | こ こよ | ko koyo |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 来ず | こず | kozu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 来れど | くれど | kuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 来れば | くれば | kureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 来ば | こば | koba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 来し$^{[1]}$ 来し$^{[1]}$ | こし きし | kosi kisi |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 来けり | きけり | kikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 来つ | きつ | kitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 来ぬ | きぬ | kinu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 来たり | きたり | kitari |
| Volitional | 来む | こむ | komu |
| $^{[1]}$Attributive form, as the terminal form (lemma) does not exist for this construction in this conjugation. ||||

##### Derived terms

* 来(く)る (kuru, modern form)
* 来(きた)す (kitasu)
* 来(きた)る (kitaru)
* 来(き)訪(とぶら)ふ (kitoburau)
* 帰(かえ)り来(く) (kaeriku)