# տխուր
## Armenian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Armenian տխուր (txur).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /təˈχuɾ/, [təχúɾ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /dəˈχuɾ/, [dəχúɾ]
* Hyphenation: տը‧խուր

### Adjective

տխուր • (txur) (superlative ամենատխուր)
* sad, melancholy, sorrowful
    տխուր երգ ― txur erg ― sad song
* sad, cheerless, doleful, dismal

#### Related terms

* տխրություն (txrutʻyun)

### Adverb

տխուր • (txur)
* sadly, sorrowfully

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

Unknown. The usual attempts to explain as տ- (t-, privative prefix) +‎ *խուր (*xur), the supposed root of ուրախ (urax), խրախ (xrax, “happy”), should be discarded as the likely Iranian etymon of these words is incompatible with a hypothetical *խուր (*xur). Pisani's alternative connection with Sanskrit दुःख (duḥkhá, “sorrow”) and derivation from Proto-Indo-European *duskhuro- is likewise untenable.

### Adjective

տխուր • (txur)
* sad
    տխուր տրտմութիւն գիշերոյն ― txur trtmutʻiwn gišeroyn ― the thick darkness of the night
    լրջացուցանել զտխուր գիշերն ― lrǰacʻucʻanel ztxur gišern ― to dispel that horrible darkness

#### Derived terms

* ամենատխուր (amenatxur)
* անտխուր (antxur)
* անտխրաբար (antxrabar)
* անտխրական (antxrakan)
* անտխրելի (antxreli)
* բազմատխուր (bazmatxur)
* գեղատխուր (gełatxur)
* յոգնատխուր (yognatxur)
* տխրաբար (txrabar)
* տխրագոյն (txragoyn)
* տխրազգած (txrazgac)
* տխրալի (txrali)
* տխրալից (txralicʻ)
* տխրական (txrakan)
* տխրականութիւն (txrakanutʻiwn)
* տխրանամ (txranam)
* տխրանք (txrankʻ)
* տխրատեսակ (txratesak)
* տխրատեսիլ (txratesil)
* տխրարար (txrarar)
* տխրաւոր (txrawor)
* տխրելի (txreli)
* տխրերանգ (txrerang)
* տխրեցուցիչ (txrecʻucʻičʻ)
* տխրիմ (txrim)
* տխրութիւն (txrutʻiwn)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: տխուր (txur)

### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “տխուր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 412a
* ↑ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “տխուր”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 731a
* ↑ Tērvišean, Serovbē (1885) Hndewropakan naxalezu [The Proto-Indo-European Language] (in Armenian), Constantinople: Nšan K. Pērpērean, page 70
* ↑ Badrupanean (Patrubány), Ġukas (1908) “Stugabanakan hetazōtutʻiwnkʻ [Etymological Studies]”, in Handes Amsorya‎ (in Armenian), volume 22, numbers 4–5, page 153b
* ↑ Meillet, Antoine (1936) Esquisse d’une grammaire comparée de l’arménien classique (in French), 2nd edition, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 200
* ↑ Leroy, Maurice (1987) “Notules arméno-iraniennes”, in Cahiers Ferdinand de Saussure‎ (in French), volume 41, page 248 of 117–125
* ↑ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 913
* ↑ Viredaz, Rémy (2017) La dissimilation d'aperture vocalique en arménien (loi d'Olsen)‎ (in French), Handout of a paper presented at the 11th International Congress on Armenian Linguistics, Yerevan, 2‒5 October, 2017, page 26
* ↑ Pisani, Vittore (1944) “Armenische Studien. I. Zur armenischen Etymologie”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung‎ (in German), volume 68, number 3/4, page 176 of 157–177
* ↑ Hiersche, Rolf (1964) Untersuchungen zur Frage der Tenues aspiratae im Indogermanischen (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 248

### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “տխուր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “տխուր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy