OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# paliyo
## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /paliˈo/ [pɐˈljo]
*** Rhymes: -o
** IPA: /paˈlio/ [pɐˈliː.o] (obsolete)
* Syllabification: pa‧li‧yo

### Noun

paliyó (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜒᜌᜓ) (obsolete)
* Alternative form of palyo

#### Derived terms

* magpaliyo

### Further reading

* “paliyo”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914) Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 989.
* Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎ (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
* San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎, La Noble Villa de Pila
** page 299: “Eſcaruadientes) Paliyo (pp) C. el de caſtilla que ya aſi lo entienden”
** page 429: “Mondadientes) Paliyo (pp) C. ya vſan eſte mas q̃ otro”
** page 461: “Palillo) Paliyo (pp) C. o mondadientes”
# невідмінюваний
## Ukrainian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [neʋʲidʲˈmʲinʲʊʋɐnei̯]

### Adjective

невідмі́нюваний • (nevidmínjuvanyj)
* (grammar) indeclinable
    Antonym: відмі́нюваний (vidmínjuvanyj)

#### Related terms

* відмі́нювання n inan (vidmínjuvannja)
* відмі́нювати impf (vidmínjuvaty)

### Further reading

* “невідмінюваний”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “невідмінюваний”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# ǀxaa
## Nǀuu
### Noun

ǀxaa
* side, beside, alongside
    ǀoba tyxaa ǂxanisi ǀxaa.The child tears the book's page

### Particle

* next to each other

### References

* Sands, Bonny & Jones, Kerry & Esau, Katrina & Collins, Chris & Witzlack-Makarevich, Alena & Job, Sylvanus & Miller, Amanda & Steyn, Betta & Zaanen, Menno & Namaseb, Levi & Berg, Dietloff & Mantzel, Dotty & Damarah, Willem & Snyman, Claudia & Wyk, David & Brugman, Johanna & Exter, Mats & Vaalbooi, Antjie & Westhuizen, Mietjie. (2022). Nǀuuki Namagowab Afrikaans English ǂXoakiǂxanisi/Mîdi di ǂKhanis/Woordeboek/Dictionary.
* https://paveda.unipv.it
# energization
## English
### Etymology

From energize +‎ -ation.

### Noun

energization (plural energizations)
* The act (or state) of being energized.

#### Derived terms

* de-energization
* preenergization
* reenergization

### Anagrams

* greenization
# रिख्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৰিখ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬭᬶᬔ᭄ (Balinese script)
* রিখ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰨𑰰𑰏𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀭𑀺𑀔𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ရိခ် (Burmese script)
* રિખ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਰਿਖ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌰𑌿𑌖𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦫꦶꦑ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂩𑂱𑂎𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ರಿಖ್ (Kannada script)
* រិខ៑ (Khmer script)
* ຣິຂ຺ (Lao script)
* രിഖ് (Malayalam script)
* ᡵᡳᡘ (Manchu script)
* 𑘨𑘱𑘏𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠷᠢᠻ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧈𑧒𑦯𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐬𑐶𑐏𑑂 (Newa script)
* ରିଖ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢬꢶꢓ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆫𑆴𑆒𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖨𑖰𑖏𑖿 (Siddham script)
* රිඛ් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩼𑩑𑩝 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚤𑚮𑚋𑚶 (Takri script)
* ரிக்² (Tamil script)
* రిఖ్ (Telugu script)
* ริขฺ (Thai script)
* རི་ཁ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒩𑒱𑒐𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨫𑨁𑨌𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *reyk- (“scratch, line”), an extension of *rey- (“scratch”). Cognate with English row.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɾikʰ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɾikʰ/

### Root

रिख् • (rikh)
* Archaic form of लिख् (likh).

#### Derived terms

* रेख (rékha, “scratch, line”)

### See also

* लेख (lékha, “line, stroke”)

### References

* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “रिख्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “रिख्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 297
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 504
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “0858”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0858
# günaşırı
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish گون آشری (gün aşırı), from گون (gün) + آشوری (aşırı) (alternatively آشرو (aşıru), آشری (aşırı)), equivalent to compound of gün (“day”) +‎ aşırı (“excessive, extreme, too much, beyond”). Cognates with Azerbaijani günaşırı, Bashkir көн аша (kön aşa), Turkmen günaşa, günaşym, Tatar көн аша (kön aşa), Uyghur كۈن ئاشۇرۇپ (kün ashurup).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɟy.na.ʃɯ.ɾɯ/
* Hyphenation: gü‧na‧aşı‧rı

### Adverb

günaşırı
* every other day, once every two days
    Synonym: iki günde bir

#### Related terms

* ana baba günü
* gün boyu
* günbegün
* günden güne
* günü gününe
* günübirlik
* günün birinde
* her gün
* iyi gün dostu
* kara gün dostu
* öbür gün

#### See also

* yılaşırı (“once every two years, biennially”)

### References

* ↑ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “گون آشری”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1603
* ↑ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “گون آشری”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1060
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “gün”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* ↑ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “aşırı”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

### Further reading

* “günaşırı”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “günaşırı”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1803
# umaw
## Bikol Central
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: u‧maw
* IPA: /ˈʔumaw/ [ˈʔu.maʊ̯]

### Verb

úmaw
* to praise
    Synonym: rukyaw
* to acclaim
    Synonym: aklamar

#### Derived terms

* mag-umaw
* umawon

## Tausug
### Pronunciation

* (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA: /ʔumaw/ [ʔʊˈmaw]
* Rhymes: -aw
* Syllabification: u‧maw

### Adjective

umaw (Sulat Sūg spelling اُمَوْ)
* dumb, mute
# siyampu
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* syampu
* shampoo

### Etymology

Borrowed from English shampoo, from Hindi चाँपो (cā̃po) from the Sanskrit verb चपयति (capayati, “to pound, knead”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /siˈampu/ [ˈʃam.pʊ]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /siˈampu/ [ˈsjam.pʊ]
* Rhymes: -ampu
* Syllabification: si‧yam‧pu

### Noun

siyampu (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜌᜋ᜔ᜉᜓ)
* shampoo (product for washing the hair or other fibres)
* shampooing one's hair

#### Derived terms

* magsiyampu
* pagsisiyampu
* pagsiyampu

#### See also

* gugo

### Further reading

* English, Leo James (1987) Tagalog-English dictionary‎, Manila, Philippines: National Book Store, →ISBN
# ferrer
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin ferrārius.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [fəˈre]
* IPA: (Valencia) [feˈreɾ]

### Noun

ferrer m (plural ferrers, feminine ferrera)
* smith, blacksmith
* farrier
    Synonym: ferrador

#### Derived terms

* ferrer cama-roig
* ferrer camanegre
* ferreret
* ferreria

#### Related terms

* ferro

### Further reading

* “ferrer” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “ferrer”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “ferrer” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “ferrer” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Old French [Term?], from fer, or from Late Latin ferrāre (cf. classical ferrātus), from Latin ferrum. Compare Catalan and Portuguese ferrar; Italian ferrare; Spanish herrar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɛ.ʁe/ ~ /fe.ʁe/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

ferrer
* to clad in iron (transitive), to be clad in iron (intransitive)
* to shoe (a horse)
* to clad in some metal, not necessarily iron
    ferrer d’orto clad in gold
* to hook (a fish)

#### Related terms

* gueule ferrée
* voie ferrée

### Further reading

* “ferrer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Latin
### Verb

ferrer
* first-person singular imperfect passive subjunctive of ferō
# ပူႇ
## Shan
### Etymology

From Proto-Tai *pɯwᴮ. Cognate with Thai ปู่ (bpùu), Lao ປູ່ (pū), Lü ᦔᦴᧈ (ṗuu¹), Ahom 𑜆𑜥 (pū), Bouyei baus, Nong Zhuang buq.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /puː˩/
* Rhymes: -uː

### Noun

ပူႇ • (pùu)
* paternal grandfather.
# Drahtzaun
## German
### Etymology

From Draht +‎ Zaun.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdʁaːtˌtsaʊ̯n/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Drahtzaun m (strong, genitive Drahtzaunes or Drahtzauns, plural Drahtzäune)
* wire fence

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Derived terms

* Kaninchendrahtzaun
* Maschendrahtzaun
* Stacheldrahtzaun

### Further reading

* “Drahtzaun” in Duden online
# pomlčet
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech pomlčěti. By surface analysis, po- +‎ mlčet.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpoml̩t͡ʃɛt]

### Verb

pomlčet pf (imperfective mlčet)
* not to mention, to keep quiet

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | pomlčet, pomlčeti | Active adjective | pomlčící, pomlčevší |
| Verbal noun | — | Passive adjective | — |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | pomlčím | pomlčíme | — | pomlčme |
| 2nd person | pomlčíš | pomlčíte | pomlč | pomlčte |
| 3rd person | pomlčí | pomlčí | — | — |
* The verb pomlčet does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | pomlčel | pomlčeli | — | — |
| masculine inanimate | pomlčel | pomlčely | — | — |
| feminine | pomlčela | pomlčely | — | — |
| neuter | pomlčelo | pomlčela | pomlčeno | — |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | pomlče | pomlčev |
| feminine + neuter singular | pomlčíc | pomlčevši |
| plural | pomlčíce | pomlčevše |

#### Related terms

* pomlčení
* pomlčka
* pomlka

### Further reading

* “pomlčeti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “pomlčeti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “pomlčet”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# वाञ्छ्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱাঞ্ছ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬵᬜ᭄ᬙ᭄ (Balinese script)
* বাঞ্ছ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰯𑰗𑰿𑰔𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀸𑀜𑁆𑀙𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ဝါဉ္ဆ် (Burmese script)
* વાઞ્છ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਵਾਞ੍ਛ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑌾𑌞𑍍𑌛𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦴꦚ꧀ꦖ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂰𑂖𑂹𑂓𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ವಾಞ್ಛ್ (Kannada script)
* វាញ្ឆ៑ (Khmer script)
* ວາຎ຺ຉ຺ (Lao script)
* വാഞ്ഛ് (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᡳᠶᡮ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘰𑘗𑘿𑘔𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠠᢗᡛᠼ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧑𑦷𑧠𑦴𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐵𑐘𑑂𑐕𑑂 (Newa script)
* ଵାଞ୍ଛ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢵꢛ꣄ꢘ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆳𑆚𑇀𑆗𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖯𑖗𑖿𑖔𑖿 (Siddham script)
* වාඤ්‍ඡ් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩛𑩥 𑪙𑩢 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚭𑚓𑚶𑚐𑚶 (Takri script)
* வாஞ்ச்² (Tamil script)
* వాఞ్ఛ్ (Telugu script)
* วาญฺฉฺ (Thai script)
* ཝཱ་ཉྪ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒰𑒘𑓂𑒕𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨊𑨓𑩇𑨤𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From an *-sk- extension of Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”). Cognate with English wish.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋɑːɲt͡ɕʰ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋɑːɲt͡ɕʰ/

### Root

वाञ्छ् • (vāñch)
* to wish, desire

#### Derived terms

* वांछति (vāṃchati)

#### Related terms

* वन् (van)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “वाञ्छ्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0938.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “वाञ्छ्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 158
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “वाञ्छ्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 341
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 682
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1146”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1146
# наповнювати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From напо́внити (napóvnyty) +‎ -ювати (-juvaty).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [nɐˈpɔu̯nʲʊʋɐte]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

напо́внювати • (napóvnjuvaty) impf (perfective напо́внити)
* (transitive) to fill, to fill up
    Synonyms: наповня́ти impf (napovnjáty), запо́внювати impf (zapóvnjuvaty), по́внити impf (póvnyty)
    напо́внювати зно́ву ― napóvnjuvaty znóvu ― to fill up again, to refill, to replenish

#### Derived terms

* напо́внювальний (napóvnjuvalʹnyj)
* напо́внювання n (napóvnjuvannja)
* напо́внюватися impf (napóvnjuvatysja)
* напо́внювач m (napóvnjuvač)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “наповнювати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2018), “наповнювати”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 9 (міщани́н – насту́кувати), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “наповнювати”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “наповнювати”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “наповнювати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “наповнювати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “наповнювати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# inspektur
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch inspecteur, from French inspecteur. Compare Standard Malay inspéktor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɪnˈspɛk̚tʊr]
* Hyphenation: in‧spèk‧tur

### Noun

inspèktur (plural inspektur-inspektur)
* inspector,
** a person employed to inspect something.
    Synonyms: pemeriksa, penilik, pengawas
** (law enforcement) a police officer ranking.

#### Compounds

* inspektur jenderal
* inspektur jenderal polisi
* inspektur peternakan
* inspektur polisi
* inspektur polisi dua
* inspektur polisi satu
* inspektur upacara

### See also

* inspeksi

### Further reading

* “inspektur” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# լկամ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From Middle Armenian լկամ (lkam). The Eastern Armenian form is a spelling pronunciation.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ləˈkɑm/, [ləkɑ́m]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /ləˈɡɑm/, [ləɡɑ́m]

### Noun

լկամ • (lkam)
* bit (piece of metal placed in a horse's mouth and connected to the reins to direct the animal)
    Synonym: սանձ (sanj)

#### Declension
## Middle Armenian
### Alternative forms

* լմակ (lmak)

### Etymology

From Persian لگام (legâm).

### Noun

լկամ • (lkam)
* bit (piece of metal placed in a horse's mouth and connected to the reins to direct the animal)

#### Derived terms

* անլկամ (anlkam)
* լկամարար (lkamarar)
* լկամել (lkamel)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: լկամ (lkam)

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “լկամ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 289a
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “լկամ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “լմակ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1881) “Armeniaca. II”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 35, number 4, page 660 of 654–663
* Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 267
* Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “լկամ”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 291a
# samsam
## Bikol Central
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: sam‧sam
* IPA: /samˈsam/ [samˈsam]

### Etymology 1
#### Verb

samsam
* to accumulate wealth (illegally)
* to grab money, land, property

##### Derived terms

* magsamsam
* samsamon

### Etymology 2

From Chinese.

#### Noun

samsam
* belly pork

## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: sam‧sam
* IPA: /ˈsamsam/ [ˈs̪am.s̪ɐm]

### Verb

samsam
* to mumble

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from Afrikaans saam-saam. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɑmˈsɑm/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: sam‧sam

### Adverb

samsam
* (Netherlands) fifty-fifty, equally, with equal shares or contributions

#### Descendants

* → Papiamentu: sam

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /samˈsam/ [sɐmˈsam]
* Rhymes: -am
* Syllabification: sam‧sam

### Noun

samsám (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔)
* confiscation; seizure (of property)
    Synonyms: pagkumpiska, kumpiskasyon, ilit, pag-ilit, embargo, pag-embargo
* property confiscated or seized

#### Derived terms

* masamsam
* pagsamsam
* samsaman
* samsamin
* sumamsam
* tagapanamsam
* tagasamsam

### Adjective

samsám (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ᜔ᜐᜋ᜔)
* confiscated; seized (by an authority)
    Synonym: kumpiskado

### Further reading

* “samsam”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# 런다운
## Korean
### Etymology

Borrowed from English rundown.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɾʌ̹nda̠un]
* Phonetic hangul: [런다운]

### Noun

런다운 • (reondaun)
* (baseball) rundown
    Synonym: 협살(挾殺) (hyeopsal)

#### Derived terms

* 런다운하다 (reondaunhada)
* 런다운되다 (reondaundoeda)
# κνίζω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

The basis is κνιδ-, κνισ- (knid-, knis-), which points to a root that seems to be found in Baltic and Germanic verbs, like Latvian knidêt (“to itch, geminate, creep”), Old Norse hníta (“to push against”), Middle Irish cned (“wound”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kneyd-, from *ken- (“to scratch; scrape; rub”). A root-final -t- is found as well, like in Lithuanian knìsti (“to scratch, itch, tickle”); a root-final -s- occurs in Lithuanian knisù (“to grub up”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kníz.dɔː/ → /ˈkni.zo/ → /ˈkni.zo/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /kníz.dɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈkni.zo/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈkni.zo/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈkni.zo/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈkni.zo/

### Verb

κνῐ́ζω • (knĭ́zō)
* to scratch, gash
    Synonym: κνήθω (knḗthō)
* to pound, chop up or grate
* to tickle, titillate
    Synonym: γᾰργᾰλῐ́ζω (gărgălĭ́zō)
* (of feelings) to chafe, tease, provoke

#### Derived terms

* ἀποκνῐ́ζω (apoknĭ́zō)
* δῐᾰκνῐ́ζω (dĭăknĭ́zō)
* ἐπῐκνῐ́ζω (epĭknĭ́zō)
* κᾰτᾰκνῐ́ζω (kătăknĭ́zō)
* κνῐ́ζᾰ (knĭ́ză)
* κνῐ́ς (knĭ́s)
* κνῐ́σμᾰ (knĭ́smă)
* κνῐσμός (knĭsmós)
* ὑποκνῐ́ζω (hupoknĭ́zō)
* φῐλόκνῐσος (phĭlóknĭsos)

### Further reading

* “κνίζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “κνίζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* κνίζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
# Rrúsia
## Guaraní
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish Rusia.

### Proper noun

Rrúsia
* Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)

#### Derived terms

* rrusiagua
* rrusiañe'ẽ
# शुष्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* शोष् (śoṣ)

### Alternative scripts

* শুষ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬰᬸᬱ᭄ (Balinese script)
* শুষ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰫𑰲𑰬𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀰𑀼𑀱𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ၐုၑ် (Burmese script)
* શુષ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਸ਼ੁਸ਼੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌶𑍁𑌷𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦯꦸꦰ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂬𑂳𑂭𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಶುಷ್ (Kannada script)
* ឝុឞ៑ (Khmer script)
* ຨຸຩ຺ (Lao script)
* ശുഷ് (Malayalam script)
* ᡧᡠᢢ (Manchu script)
* 𑘫𑘳𑘬𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠱᠤᢔ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧋𑧔𑧌𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐱𑐸𑐲𑑂 (Newa script)
* ଶୁଷ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢯꢸꢰ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆯𑆶𑆰𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖫𑖲𑖬𑖿 (Siddham script)
* ශුෂ් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩿𑩒𑪀 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚧𑚰𑚶 (Takri script)
* ஶுஷ் (Tamil script)
* శుష్ (Telugu script)
* ศุษฺ (Thai script)
* ཤུ་ཥ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒬𑒳𑒭𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨮𑨃𑨯𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsaws-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂sews- (“dry”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *sȗxъ (“dry”), Lithuanian sausas (“dry”), Proto-Germanic *sauzaz (“dry”) whence English sear.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɕuʂ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɕuʂ/

### Root

शुष् • (śuṣ)
* to dry, fade, wither, parch
* to afflict, injure, extinguish, destroy

#### Derived terms

* शुष्यति (śúṣyati)
* शुष्क (śúṣka, “dry, dried up, useless”)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “शुष्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1084/3.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “शुष्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 175
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “शुष्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 648; 658
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 346
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 285
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “0880”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0880
# Daraga
## English
### Etymology

From Bikol Central daraga (“maiden”).

### Proper noun

Daraga
* A municipality of Albay, Philippines.

### Anagrams

* Garaad, garaad

## Bikol Central
### Etymology

From the noun daraga (“maiden”).

### Proper noun

Daraga
* A municipality of Albay, Philippines.

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Bikol Central Daraga, from daraga (“maiden”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /daˈɾaɡa/ [d̪ɐˈɾaː.ɣɐ]
* Rhymes: -aɡa
* Syllabification: Da‧ra‧ga

### Proper noun

Daraga (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜇᜄ)
* A municipality of Albay, Philippines.

#### Related terms

* dalaga