# ἵημι
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *yīyēmi, reduplicated present of Proto-Indo-European *(H)yeh₁- (“to throw”). Compare Latin iaciō, Hittite [script needed] (pe-iezzi, “sends away”). This has been connected with Hittite [script needed] (iya-, “to do, make”), but that hypothesis is rejected by Kloekhorst (2008).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hǐː.ɛː.mi/ → /ˈi.i.mi/ → /ˈi.i.mi/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hǐː.ɛː.mi/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈ(h)i.e̝.mi/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈi.i.mi/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈi.i.mi/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈi.i.mi/

### Verb

ῑ̔́ημῐ • (hī́ēmĭ)
* to release, let go
** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 355
** c. 440 BCE, Euripides, Rhesus 798
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.205
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.19
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 19.383
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.120
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 6.231
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.442
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 22.84
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.5.18
* (of sounds) to utter, speak, say
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 563
** 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 636
** 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 865
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.57
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.16
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.152
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.221
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.192
** Module:Quotations:526: attempt to compare number with nil
** Module:Quotations:526: attempt to compare number with nil
** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.973e
** 638 BCE – 558 BCE, Solon, Collected Works 36.10
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 851
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 596
** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 133
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.112
* to throw, shoot, hurl
** 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 320
** c. 440 BCE, Euripides, Rhesus 63
** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 684
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.774
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.498
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.650
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.515
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.203
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.499
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.538
** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 2.90
** 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 194a
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 154
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 273
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Agesilaus 1.25
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.5.12
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.4.17
* (of water) to let flow, flow, spout forth
** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 812
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.25
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.158
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 7.130
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.239
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.191
* to send
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.479
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.513
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.274
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.182
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.159
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.415
* (middle voice) to speed oneself, hasten
** 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 625
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 629b24
** 405 BCE, Euripides, The Bacchae 140
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.70
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 6.112
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.78
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.274
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 19.187
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.356
** 5th century BC, Pherecrates, Fragmenta 134
** 386 BCE – 367 BCE, Plato, Cratylus 420a
** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 432
** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 1242
* (middle voice, with infinitive) to be eager, to desire (to do something)
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.589
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.301
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.383
* (middle voice, with genitive) to be set upon, long for
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.168
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.371
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.6
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.529
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 15.69
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 514

#### Usage notes

All forms except the present and imperfect are used only in composition.

#### Derived terms

* ἀνίημι (aníēmi)
* ἀφίημι (aphíēmi)
* διΐημι (diḯēmi)
* εἰσίημι (eisíēmi)
* ἐνίημι (eníēmi)
* ἐξίημι (exíēmi)
* ἐπανίημι (epaníēmi)
* ἐφίημι (ephíēmi)
* καθίημι (kathíēmi)
* μεθίημι (methíēmi)
* παρίημι (paríēmi)
* προΐημι (proḯēmi)
* προσίημι (prosíēmi)
* συνίημι (suníēmi)
* ὑπερίημι (huperíēmi)
* ὑφίημι (huphíēmi)

#### Related terms

* ἑσία (hesía)
* ἕσις (hésis)
* ἑσμός (hesmós)
* ἑτός (hetós)
* ἵεσις (híesis)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἵημι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 581-2

### Further reading

* “ἵημι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἵημι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἵημι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἵημι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἵημι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “ἵημι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* Encyclopedia Papyrus-Larousse (1963)
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
* Pokorny *i_e:-