# ἕνεκα
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ἕνεκ’ (hének’) — apocopic
* ἕνεκεν (héneken)
* εἵνεκα (heíneka) — Ionic, poetic
* εἵνεκεν (heíneken) — Ionic, poetic
* ἕνεκε (héneke)
* ἕννεκα (hénneka) — Aeolic

### Etymology

Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀁𐀚𐀏 (e-ne-ka); otherwise unknown. Formerly thought a composite of ἕν (hén) and *ϝέκα (*wéka) (see: ἑκών (hekṓn)). However no trace of ϝ (/w/) is seen in the Mycenaean Linear B record. Alternatively may be connected to Proto-Indo-European *h₁neḱ- (“to carry, bring”) as in ἐνεγκεῖν (enenkeîn) (compare Lithuanian nèšti), if such a root exists.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hé.ne.ka/ → /ˈe.ne.ka/ → /ˈe.ne.ka/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hé.ne.ka/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈ(h)e.ne.ka/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈe.ne.ka/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈe.ne.ka/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈe.ne.ka/

### Postposition

ἕνεκᾰ • (hénekă)
* (with genitive)
** on account of, for the sake of, because of
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 14.89
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.214
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.110
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 20.21
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.8.13
*** 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 10
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 31C
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.35
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.40
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 5.1.17
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Lysis 218E
*** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 185B
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Physics 194A.27
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 1059A.35
** with regard to, as far as regards, as for
*** 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 386
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Leptines 14
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.42
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.122
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 548D
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 329B
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 582D
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 4.3.3
** (pleonastic)
*** 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 554
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.92
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 2.4.31
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 701D

#### Derived terms

* οὕνεκα (hoúneka)
* τοὔνεκα (toúneka)

### Conjunction

ἕνεκᾰ • (hénekă)
* because
** 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite 199
** 310 BCE – 240 BCE, Callimachus, Aetia 3.1.6
* that
** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Isthmian Ode 8.35

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἕνεκα”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 423

### Further reading

* “ἕνεκα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ἕνεκα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἕνεκα”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἕνεκα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἕνεκα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* ἕνεκα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* “ἕνεκα”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. about idem, page 2.account idem, page 7.as idem, page 42.because of idem, page 68.behalf idem, page 71.concern idem, page 155.consequence idem, page 162.depend idem, page 211.far idem, page 306.for idem, page 334.reason idem, page 676.sake idem, page 732.score idem, page 740.view idem, page 951.