OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# piàdena
## Venetan
### Alternative forms

* piadena — alternative spelling
* piàdina — Colonial
* փիատինէ pl (pʻiatinē /⁠piadine⁠/) — 17th c. Armenian dictionary

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pjˈadena/

### Noun

piàdena f (plural piàdene)
* (Lagunar, Eastern, Central, Northern) basin, bowl
* (Lagunar, Eastern, Central, Colonial) salad bowl
* (Central, Colonial) wooden tray
* (Western) wooden tray for polenta, tafferia

#### Derived terms

* piadenota
* piàdena da rixi
* piàdena da soldai

### References

* “piàdena”, “piàdena”, “piàdena”, in el Galepin – www.elgalepin.com
* Basso, Walter (2005) “piàdena”, in Dizionario da scarsèla veneto–italiano, 2nd edition, Padua: Ed. ScantaBauchi, page 209
* Rosman, Enrico (1922) “piàdina”, in Vocabolarietto Veneto Giuliano, Rome: P. Maglione & C. Strini, page 92a
* Contarini, Pietro (1888) “piadena”, in Vocabolario portabile del dialetto veneziano, 3rd edition, Venice: Tipografia dell'Ancora; I. Merlo, page 123a
* Nazari, Giulio (1876) “piàdena”, in Dizionario vicentino–italiano […], Oderzo: Bianchi, page 114b
* Boerio, Giuseppe (1867) “piàdena”, in Dizionario del dialetto veneziano, 3rd edition, Venice: G. Cecchini, page 501c
* Paoletti, Ermolao (1851) “piadena”, in Dizionario tascabile veneziano–italiano, Venice: F. Andreola, page 224b
* “piadena”, in Dizionario tascabile del dialetto veneziano […], Padua: Tipografia del Seminario, 1847, page 89
* Patriarchi, Gasparo (1821) “piadena”, in Vocabolario veneziano e padovano […], 3rd edition, Padua: Tipografia del Seminario, page 146b
* Orengo, Alessandro (2019) “Il ԲԱՌ ԳԻՐԳ ՏԱԼԻԱՆԻ Un dizionario armeno-italiano del XVII secolo”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15), Leuven: Peeters, page 239
# kumuloida
## Finnish
### Etymology

Latin cumulō +‎ -oida

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkumuloi̯dɑˣ/, [ˈkumuˌlo̞i̯dɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -oidɑ
* Hyphenation: ku‧mu‧loi‧da

### Verb

kumuloida
* (transitive) To accumulate.

#### Derived terms

* kumuloitua

### Further reading

* “kumuloida”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* mukuloida
# luminescência
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English luminescence, from Latin roots.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /lu.mi.neˈsẽ.si.ɐ/ [lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sɪ.ɐ], (faster pronunciation) /lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sjɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /lu.mi.neˈsẽ.si.ɐ/ [lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sɪ.ɐ], (faster pronunciation) /lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sjɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /lu.mi.neˈsẽ.si.a/ [lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sɪ.a], (faster pronunciation) /lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sja/
* (Portugal) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /lu.mi.nɨʃˈsẽ.sjɐ/, /lu.mi.nɨˈʃẽ.sjɐ/
* Rhymes: -ẽsjɐ
* Hyphenation: lu‧mi‧nes‧cên‧ci‧a

### Noun

luminescência f (plural luminescências)
* luminescence

#### Derived terms

* bioluminescência
* eletroluminescência
* fotoluminescência
* quimioluminescência
* triboluminescência

#### Related terms

* luminescente

### Further reading

* “luminescência”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “luminescência”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
* “luminescência” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “luminescência”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “luminescência”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “luminescência”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# červí
## Czech
### Etymology

From červ +‎ -í.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɛrviː]

### Adjective

červí
* (relational) worm, worm's

#### Derived terms

* červí díra

### Further reading

* “červí”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “červí”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “červí”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Slovak
### Etymology

From červ +‎ -í.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃerviː]

### Adjective

červí (not comparable, no adverb)
* (relational, rare) worm, maggot
    Synonyms: červičí, červiačí

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “červí”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# Gubiec
## Polish
### Etymology

From gubić + -iec.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡu.bjɛt͡s/
* Rhymes: -ubjɛt͡s
* Syllabification: Gu‧biec

### Proper noun

Gubiec m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Gubiec f (indeclinable)
* a female surname

#### Related terms

* Gubietz
* Gubitz
# kypsyä
## Finnish
### Etymology

kypsä +‎ -yä

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkypsyæˣ/, [ˈk̟yps̠yæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ypsyæ
* Hyphenation: kyp‧syä

### Verb

kypsyä
* (intransitive) To cook.
* (intransitive) To ripen.
* (intransitive) To mature.

#### Derived terms

* kypsymätön
* kypsyminen
* kypsyttää
* jälkikypsyä

#### Related terms

* kypsä

### Further reading

* “kypsyä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# anemograf
## Polish
### Etymology

From anemo- +‎ -graf. First attested in 1852.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.nɛˈmɔ.ɡraf/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔɡraf
* Syllabification: a‧ne‧mo‧graf

### Noun

anemograf m inan
* (metrology) anemograph

#### Related terms

* anemometr
* anemometria

### References

* ↑ Tygodnik Petersburski‎ (in Polish), number R.23, cz. 46, nr 77, 1852, page 546

### Further reading

* anemograf in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “anemograf”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 36
* anemograf in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French anémographe.

### Noun

anemograf n (plural anemografe)
* anemograph
# bezzębność
## Polish
### Etymology

From bezzębny +‎ -ość. First attested in 1850.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛzˈzɛmb.nɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛmbnɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: bez‧zęb‧ność

### Noun

bezzębność f
* (dentistry, pathology) toothlessness, edentulism, anodontia
    Synonym: bezzębie

#### Related terms

* bezzębny
* bezzęby
* bezzębie
* ząb

### References

* ↑ Wszechṡwiat i człowiek: dzieje badań przyrody i zastosowania jej sił na pożytek narodów‎ (in Polish), 1906
* ↑ bezzębność in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* bezzębność in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# beneodorus
## Latin
### Etymology

bene- +‎ odorus

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /be.ne.oˈdoː.rus/, [bɛneɔˈd̪oːrʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /be.ne.oˈdo.rus/, [beneoˈd̪ɔːrus]

### Adjective

beneodōrus (feminine beneodōra, neuter beneodōrum); first/second-declension adjective
* sweet-smelling, fragrant
    Synonyms: odorus, olens

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

#### Related terms

* beneolentia

### References

* beneodorus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# despolarizar
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From des- +‎ polarizar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /des.po.la.ɾiˈza(ʁ)/ [des.po.la.ɾiˈza(h)], /d͡ʒis.po.la.ɾiˈza(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.po.la.ɾiˈza(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /des.po.la.ɾiˈza(ʁ)/ [des.po.la.ɾiˈza(h)], /d͡ʒis.po.la.ɾiˈza(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒis.po.la.ɾiˈza(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /des.po.la.ɾiˈza(ɾ)/, /d͡ʒis.po.la.ɾiˈza(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /deʃ.po.la.ɾiˈza(ʁ)/ [deʃ.po.la.ɾiˈza(χ)], /d͡ʒiʃ.po.la.ɾiˈza(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒiʃ.po.la.ɾiˈza(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /des.po.la.ɾiˈza(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /dɨʃ.pu.lɐ.ɾiˈzaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /dɨʃ.pu.lɐ.ɾiˈzaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /dɨʃ.pu.lɐ.ɾiˈza.ɾi/

### Verb

despolarizar (first-person singular present despolarizo, first-person singular preterite despolarizei, past participle despolarizado)
* to depolarize

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /despolaɾiˈθaɾ/ [d̪es.po.la.ɾiˈθaɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /despolaɾiˈsaɾ/ [d̪es.po.la.ɾiˈsaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: des‧po‧la‧ri‧zar

### Verb

despolarizar (first-person singular present despolarizo, first-person singular preterite despolaricé, past participle despolarizado)
* (transitive) to depolarize

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Derived terms

* despolarización
* despolarizador

### Further reading

* “despolarizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# asmenukė
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Calque of English selfie, from asmuõ (“person”) +‎ -ùkė (diminutive suffix). First attested in 2014.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐsʲmʲɛˈnʊkʲeː]
* Hyphenation: as‧me‧nu‧kė

### Noun

asmenùkė m (plural asmenùkės) stress pattern 2
* (neologism) selfie
** 2017 September 12, “Galiausiai baigta „beždžionės asmenukės“ byla [The "Monkey Selfie" Case is Finally Closed]”, in 15min.lt:Fotografo advokatai įrodinėjo, kad pasaulinės komercinės teisės į asmenukes, tarp kurių yra išgarsėjusi Naruto dantingos šypsenos nuotrauka, priklauso D.Slaterio kompanijai „Wildlife Personalities Ltd.“.The photographer's lawyers argued that global commercial rights to the selfies, including the famous Naruto's toothy grin photo, belong to D. Slater's company Wildlife Personalities Ltd.

#### Related terms

* asmenýbė
* asmenuõtė
* asmenìnis
* asmenúoti
* asmuõ
* ãsmeniškas

### References

* ↑ “asmenukė”, in Lietuvių kalbos naujažodžių duomenynas [Database of Lithuanian neologisms], ekalba.lt, 2011–2025

### Further reading

* “asmenukė, selfis, selfie - Koks angl. „selfie“ lietuviškas atitikmuo?”, in Valstybinė lietuvių kalbos komisija (in Lithuanian), 2024 September 4 (last accessed)
# sufrimiento
## Spanish
### Etymology

From sufrir +‎ -miento.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sufɾiˈmjento/ [su.fɾiˈmjẽn̪.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -ento
* Syllabification: su‧fri‧mien‧to

### Noun

sufrimiento m (plural sufrimientos)
* suffering
** 1915, Ricardo Flores Magón, La patria burguesa y la patria universal:El sufrimiento puede conducir a la resignación y a la paciencia: pero también puede poner, en las manos del hombre valiente, el puñal, la bomba y el revólver. Y esto será lo que suceda cuando termine esta guerra infame, o lo que la hará terminar.Suffering can lead to resignation and to patience: but it can also place, in the hands of the brave man, the dagger, the bomb and the revolver. And this will be what happens when this infamous war ends, or what will make it end.

#### Related terms

* sufrido

### Further reading

* “sufrimiento”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# hematoencefálico
## Portuguese
### Adjective

hematoencefálico (feminine hematoencefálica, masculine plural hematoencefálicos, feminine plural hematoencefálicas)
* hematoencephalic

## Spanish
### Adjective

hematoencefálico (feminine hematoencefálica, masculine plural hematoencefálicos, feminine plural hematoencefálicas)
* hematoencephalic

#### Derived terms

* barrera hematoencefálica
# глог
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* hłoh, hloh — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *glogъ. Compare Polish głóg, Russian глог (glog) and Ukrainian глід (hlid), гліг (hlih).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɣɫox]
* Rhymes: -ox

### Noun

глог • (hloh) m inan (genitive гло́гу, uncountable)
* hawthorn; any member of the genus Crataegus
    Synonym: (rare) баярышнік (bajaryšnik)

#### Derived terms

* глог калю́чы (hloh kaljúčy, “common hawthorn, crataegus”)
* глог пёрыстанадрэ́заны (hloh pjorystanadrézany, “crataegus pinnatifida”)

### References

* “глог” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* “глог”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *glogъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡɫɔk]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔk

### Noun

глог • (glog) m (relational adjective глогов)
* hawthorn

#### Declension
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak hloh, from Proto-Slavic *glogъ. Doublet of ґалаґоня (galagonja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦlɔx]
* Rhymes: -ɔx
* Hyphenation: глог

### Noun

глог (hloh) m inan (related adjective глогов)
* hawthorn
    Synonym: ґалаґоня (galagonja)

#### Derived terms

* гложина f (hložina)

### Further reading

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “глог”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *glogъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡlôɡ/

### Noun

гло̏г m (Latin spelling glȍg)
* hawthorn, whitethorn

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “глог”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025
# szefowa
## Polish
### Etymology

From szef +‎ -owa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʂɛˈfɔ.va/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔva
* Syllabification: sze‧fo‧wa

### Noun

szefowa f (male equivalent szef)
* female equivalent of szef (“boss”) (female person in charge)
* boss (term of address to a woman)
* boss's wife

#### Related terms

* szefowski
* szef kompanii
* szef kuchni
* szef państwa
* szef rządu
* szef sztabu
* szefunio
* szefuńcio
* szefować

### Further reading

* szefowa in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* szefowa in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# spłoszyć
## Polish
### Etymology

From s- +‎ płoszyć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈspwɔ.ʂɘt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔʂɘt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: spło‧szyć

### Verb

spłoszyć pf (imperfective płoszyć)
* (transitive) to startle
* (transitive) to flush (game)
* (reflexive with się) to be startled
* (reflexive with się) to flee
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:uciekać

#### Related terms

* płochliwy
* płochy
* popłoch

### Further reading

* spłoszyć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* spłoszyć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Semigalia
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latvian Zemgale.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɛ.miˈɡa.lja/
* Rhymes: -alja
* Syllabification: Se‧mi‧ga‧lia

### Proper noun

Semigalia f
* Semigallia (a region of Latvia)

#### Derived terms

* semigalijski

### Further reading

* Semigalia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# קאַליע
## Yiddish
### Etymology

Related to Polish kalać (“to soil”), Russian кал (kal, “faeces”), Ukrainian каля́ти (kaljáty), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *kaľati.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkaʎə/

### Adjective

קאַליע • (kalye) (indeclinable)
* spoiled, damaged, broken
* destroyed
* stained
* defiled, ruined

#### Derived terms

* קאַליע ווערן (kalye vern)
* קאַליע מאַכן (kalye makhn)
* קאַליע־מאַכער (kalye-makher)
* קאַליעדיק (kalyedik)
* קאַליעצטווע (kalyetstve)

### References

* Astravux, Aljaksandar (2008) “kalje”, in Idyš-bjelaruski slóŭnik [Yiddish–Belarusian Dictionary], Minsk: Mjedisónt, →ISBN, page 430
* Justus van de Kamp et al., “קאַליע” in Jiddisch-Nederlands Woordenboek [Yiddish-Dutch Dictionary], Amsterdam: Stichting Jiddische Lexicografie, 1987-present (ongoing). .
# vykosťovat
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɪkoscovat]
* Hyphenation: vy‧ko‧s‧ťo‧vat

### Verb

vykosťovat impf
* imperfective form of vykostit

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | vykosťovat, vykosťovati | Active adjective | vykosťující |
| Verbal noun | — | Passive adjective | — |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | vykosťuji, vykosťuju (coll.) | vykosťujeme | — | vykosťujme |
| 2nd person | vykosťuješ | vykosťujete | vykosťuj | vykosťujte |
| 3rd person | vykosťuje | vykosťují, vykosťujou (coll.) | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive vykosťovat.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | vykosťoval | vykosťovali | vykosťován | vykosťováni |
| masculine inanimate | vykosťoval | vykosťovaly | vykosťován | vykosťovány |
| feminine | vykosťovala | vykosťovaly | vykosťována | vykosťovány |
| neuter | vykosťovalo | vykosťovala | vykosťováno | vykosťována |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | vykosťuje | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | vykosťujíc | — |
| plural | vykosťujíce | — |

#### Derived terms

* vykosťovač

### Further reading

* “vykosťovati”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “vykosťovati”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# makamara
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

From maka- +‎ mara.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maˌkamaˈɾa/ [maˌka.maˈɾa]
* Hyphenation: ma‧ka‧ma‧ra

### Verb

makámará (Basahan spelling ᜋᜃᜋᜍ)
* (Partido, Tabaco–Legazpi–Sorsogon) to become dry
    Synonym: makaalang

#### See also

* mamara
# pustoszyć
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish *pustoszyć. By surface analysis, pustosz +‎ -yć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pusˈtɔ.ʂɘt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔʂɘt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: pus‧to‧szyć

### Verb

pustoszyć impf (perfective spustoszyć)
* (transitive) to ravage, to devastate
    Te szarańcze pustoszą nasze uprawy. ― These locusts are ravaging our crops.

#### Related terms

* spustoszały
* spustoszenie
* pustoszeć
* spustoszeć

#### Descendants

* → Kashubian: pùstoszëc

### Further reading

* pustoszyć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pustoszyć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# batëgôwy
## Slovincian
### Etymology

From batúg +‎ -ôwy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.təˈɡɵ.vɪ/
* Rhymes: -ɵvɪ
* Syllabification: ba‧të‧gô‧wy

### Adjective

batëgôwy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) whip

#### Related terms

* batôżëszczô
* batúżk
* batëgac impf

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “batägʉ̀ɵ̯vï”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 17
# venek
## Czech
### Etymology

From ven +‎ -ek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɛnɛk]
* Hyphenation: ve‧nek

### Noun

venek m inan
* outside, exterior
    Synonym: vnějšek
    Antonyms: vnitřek, vnitro

#### Derived terms

* navenek
* venčit
* venkov m
* venku

### Further reading

* “venek”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “venek”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “venek”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Kajfasz
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Caiāphās, from Ancient Greek Καϊάφας (Kaïáphas), from Hebrew קַיָפָא (qayafa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkaj.faʂ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ajfaʂ
* Syllabification: Kaj‧fasz

### Proper noun

Kajfasz m pers
* (biblical) Caiaphas

#### Derived terms

* od Annasza do Kajfasza

### Further reading

* Kajfasz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# wykładnik
## Old Polish
### Etymology

From wykładać +‎ -nik. First attested in the middle of the 15th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /vɨkɫadniːk/
* IPA: (15th CE) /vɨkɫadnik/

### Noun

wykładnik m animacy unattested
* translator, interpreter
    Synonym: wykładźca
** Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎, page 176:Thym baczy, yze od Yadama aze do tego czaszv... lyczą szye cztyrzy tyszyącz dvyesczye y pyątnasczye lyat podlug szyedmydzyeszyat y dw vykladnykow[Tym baczy, iże od Jadama aże do tego czasu... liczą sie cztyrzy tysiąc dwieście i piętnaście lat podług siedmidziesiąt i dwu wykładnikow]

#### Related terms

* wykładny
* wykładnie
* wykład
* wykładacz
* wykładanie
* wykładźca
* kładać impf
* kłaść impf
* wykładać impf

### References

* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “wykładnik”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

## Polish
### Etymology

From wykładać +‎ -nik. First attested in 1778.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɘˈkwad.ɲik/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -adɲik
* Syllabification: wy‧kład‧nik

### Noun

wykładnik m inan
* (mathematics) exponent
* indicator
    Synonym: wskaźnik

#### Related terms

* wykładniczy
* wykładnikowy

#### Related terms

* wykładniczy
* wykładnikowy
* wykładniowy
* wykładny
* wykładowczy
* wykładowy
* wykładzinowy
* wykładniczo
* wykład
* wykładacz
* wykładca
* wykładka
* wykładnia
* wykładniczość
* wykładność
* wykładowca
* wykładowczyni
* wykładzik
* wykładzina
* kładać impf
* kłaść impf
* wykładać impf

### References

* ↑ Andrzej Sebastian Ustrzycki (1778) Algebra Czyli Nauka O Rachunkach Literalnych : Porządkiem do każdego zrozumienia przystosowanym we dwóch Częściach Ułożona A ciekawemi i użytecznemi Przykładami Obiasniona. [Cz. 1]‎ (in Polish), page 8

### Further reading

* wykładnik in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “wykładnik”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “wykładnik”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “wykładnik”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 892
# trefilar
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From fileira.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /tɾe.fiˈla(ʁ)/ [tɾe.fiˈla(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /tɾe.fiˈla(ʁ)/ [tɾe.fiˈla(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /tɾe.fiˈla(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /tɾe.fiˈla(ʁ)/ [tɾe.fiˈla(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /tɾe.fiˈla(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tɾɨ.fiˈlaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tɾɨ.fiˈlaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /tɾɨ.fiˈla.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: tre‧fi‧lar

### Verb

trefilar (first-person singular present trefilo, first-person singular preterite trefilei, past participle trefilado)
* to draw (metal into wire form)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

## Spanish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɾefiˈlaɾ/ [t̪ɾe.fiˈlaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: tre‧fi‧lar

### Verb

trefilar (first-person singular present trefilo, first-person singular preterite trefilé, past participle trefilado)
* (transitive) to draw (metal into wire)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* hilera
* hilo

### Further reading

* “trefilar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10