# harva
## Estonian
### Adverb

harva (comparative harvemini)
* seldom, rarely, infrequently

### Noun

harva
* inflection of harv:
** genitive singular
** partitive singular
** illative singular

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *harva (compare Estonian harv, Ingrian harva), from Proto-Finno-Ugric *šorwa (compare Erzya чуро (čuro, “rare, sparse”) and Southern Khanty турәп (turəp, “sparse”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑ̝rʋɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑrʋɑ
* Hyphenation: har‧va

### Adjective

harva (comparative harvempi, superlative harvin)
* sparse, loose (far apart in space)
    Antonyms: taaja, tiheä, tiivis, tiuha
** thin (of hair)
    Antonym: tuuhea
* infrequent, sparse (far apart in time)
    Antonyms: taaja, tiuha, tiheä
* few (low in number)
    Vain harvat ja valitut kutsutaan näihin juhliin.Only select few get the invitation into this party.
    Harvoja poikkeuksia lukuun ottamatta.Apart from few exceptions.
    Olen kertonut tästä vain harvoille.I have only told a few (people) about this.
    Harva ihminen ehtii harrastaa mitään nykyään.Few people find the time for hobbies these days.

#### Declension

Possessive forms of harva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
harvani
harvani
accusative
nom.
harvani
harvani
gen.
harvani
genitive
harvani
harvojeni harvaini $^{rare}$
partitive
harvaani
harvojani
inessive
harvassani
harvoissani
elative
harvastani
harvoistani
illative
harvaani
harvoihini
adessive
harvallani
harvoillani
ablative
harvaltani
harvoiltani
allative
harvalleni
harvoilleni
essive
harvanani
harvoinani
translative
harvakseni
harvoikseni
abessive
harvattani
harvoittani
instructive
comitative
—harvoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
harvasi
harvasi
accusative
nom.
harvasi
harvasi
gen.
harvasi
genitive
harvasi
harvojesi harvaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
harvaasi
harvojasi
inessive
harvassasi
harvoissasi
elative
harvastasi
harvoistasi
illative
harvaasi
harvoihisi
adessive
harvallasi
harvoillasi
ablative
harvaltasi
harvoiltasi
allative
harvallesi
harvoillesi
essive
harvanasi
harvoinasi
translative
harvaksesi
harvoiksesi
abessive
harvattasi
harvoittasi
instructive
comitative
—harvoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
harvamme
harvamme
accusative
nom.
harvamme
harvamme
gen.
harvamme
genitive
harvamme
harvojemme harvaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
harvaamme
harvojamme
inessive
harvassamme
harvoissamme
elative
harvastamme
harvoistamme
illative
harvaamme
harvoihimme
adessive
harvallamme
harvoillamme
ablative
harvaltamme
harvoiltamme
allative
harvallemme
harvoillemme
essive
harvanamme
harvoinamme
translative
harvaksemme
harvoiksemme
abessive
harvattamme
harvoittamme
instructive
comitative
—harvoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
harvanne
harvanne
accusative
nom.
harvanne
harvanne
gen.
harvanne
genitive
harvanne
harvojenne harvainne $^{rare}$
partitive
harvaanne
harvojanne
inessive
harvassanne
harvoissanne
elative
harvastanne
harvoistanne
illative
harvaanne
harvoihinne
adessive
harvallanne
harvoillanne
ablative
harvaltanne
harvoiltanne
allative
harvallenne
harvoillenne
essive
harvananne
harvoinanne
translative
harvaksenne
harvoiksenne
abessive
harvattanne
harvoittanne
instructive
comitative
—harvoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
harvansa
harvansa
accusative
nom.
harvansa
harvansa
gen.
harvansa
genitive
harvansa
harvojensa harvainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
harvaansa
harvojaan harvojansa
inessive
harvassaan harvassansa
harvoissaan harvoissansa
elative
harvastaan harvastansa
harvoistaan harvoistansa
illative
harvaansa
harvoihinsa
adessive
harvallaan harvallansa
harvoillaan harvoillansa
ablative
harvaltaan harvaltansa
harvoiltaan harvoiltansa
allative
harvalleen harvallensa
harvoilleen harvoillensa
essive
harvanaan harvanansa
harvoinaan harvoinansa
translative
harvakseen harvaksensa
harvoikseen harvoiksensa
abessive
harvattaan harvattansa
harvoittaan harvoittansa
instructive
comitative
—harvoineen harvoinensa :

#### Derived terms

* aniharva
* harvaan
* harvaetuhampaiset
* harvahammas
* harvahampainen
* harvahko
* harvainvalta
* harvajalkainen
* harvakseen
* harvakseltaan
* harvakudontainen
* harvalukuinen
* harvaoksainen
* harvapartainen
* harvapuheinen
* harvapää (“forgetful (head)”)
* harvasanainen
* harvassa
* harvasti
* harvasukasmato
* harvasyinen
* harventaa
* harveta
* harvinainen
* harvoin
* harvuus

### References

* ↑ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “harva”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎ (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01
* ↑ Entry #1011 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

### Further reading

* “harva”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *harva. Cognates include Finnish harva and Estonian harv.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑrʋ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑrʋɑ]
* (Hevaha) IPA: /ˈhɑrʋɑ/, [ˈhɑrʋɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑrʋ, -ɑrʋɑ
* Hyphenation: har‧va

### Adjective

harva (comparative harvemp)
* rare
* (of forests) thin, sparse

#### Derived terms

* harvaa
* harvaslojain
* harveta
* harvoin

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 49
* Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 31