# afinar
## Catalan
### Etymology

From a- +‎ fi +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ə.fiˈna]
* IPA: (Valencia) [a.fiˈnaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

afinar (first-person singular present afino, first-person singular preterite afiní, past participle afinat)
* (transitive) to refine
* (transitive) to tune (to modify a musical instrument)
* (pronominal) to approach

#### Derived terms

* afinador
* afinament
* afinat

### Further reading

* “afinar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “afinar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “afinar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “afinar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /afiˈnaɾ/ [a.fiˈnaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Hyphenation: a‧fi‧nar

### Verb

afinar (first-person singular present afino, first-person singular preterite afinei, past participle afinado)
* (transitive) to refine
* (transitive) to tune (to modify a musical instrument)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Related terms

* fino

### Further reading

* “afinar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* “afinar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

## Ladino
### Verb

afinar (Latin spelling)
* to let (someone) starve

## Occitan
### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Verb

afinar
* to refine
* to purify

#### Conjugation
### References

* Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2024, page 28.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From a- +‎ fino +‎ -ar, influenced by French affiner.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /a.fiˈna(ʁ)/ [a.fiˈna(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /a.fiˈna(ʁ)/ [a.fiˈna(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /a.fiˈna(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /a.fiˈna(ʁ)/ [a.fiˈna(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /a.fiˈna(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.fiˈnaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.fiˈnaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.fiˈna.ɾi/

### Verb

afinar (first-person singular present afino, first-person singular preterite afinei, past participle afinado)
* (transitive) to thin (to make thinner)
    Synonym: adelgaçar
* (intransitive) to thin (to become thinner)
    Synonym: adelgaçar
* (music) to tune (to modify a musical instrument)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Derived terms

* desafinar

#### Related terms

* fino

#### Descendants

* Macanese: afinâ

### References

* ↑ “afinar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

### Further reading

* “afinar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “afinar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “afinar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From fino. Compare archaic English affine (“to refine”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /afiˈnaɾ/ [a.fiˈnaɾ]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: a‧fi‧nar

### Verb

afinar (first-person singular present afino, first-person singular preterite afiné, past participle afinado)
* (transitive) to refine, to fine-tune
* (transitive) to tune (to modify a musical instrument)
    Synonym: entonar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* afinación
* afinador
* afinamiento

### Further reading

* “afinar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10