# catapulta
## English
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin catapulta. Doublet of catapult.

### Noun

catapulta (plural catapultae or catapultæ)
* A Roman catapult (weapon for launching projectiles).
** 1801, Francis Grose, chapter 12, in A History of the English Army, volume 1, page 366:The projectile machines, or antient artillery, used by our ancestors about the time of the Norman invasion, were the scorpion, catapulta, balista, and onager of the Romans, with divers other species of the same machines, under a variety of different appellations.
** 1863, Thomas de Quincey, Richard Bentley and Other Writings, page 128:This pantomime over, Bentley recoiled, with the spring of a Roman catapulta, to his natural pursuits.
** 1863, "An Old Cricketer", The Cricket-Bat; and how to use it, page 90:The catapulta was formerly an engine of war, used by the Romans for casting javelins and stones against castellated walls. A modern form of catapulta has been constructed, with a view to do away with the necessity of bowling the ball.

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [kə.təˈpul.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ka.taˈpul.ta]

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin catapulta.

#### Noun

catapulta f (plural catapultes)
* catapult

##### Derived terms

* catapultar

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

catapulta
* inflection of catapultar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “catapulta” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Corsican
### Noun

catapulta f (plural catapulte)
* catapult

#### Related terms

* catapultà

### Further reading

* “catapulta” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa

## French
### Pronunciation

* Homophones: catapultas, catapultât

### Verb

catapulta
* third-person singular past historic of catapulter

## Italian
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

catapulta f (plural catapulte)
* catapult
* staff sling

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

catapulta
* inflection of catapultare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek καταπέλτης (katapéltēs).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ka.taˈpul.ta/, [kät̪äˈpʊɫ̪t̪ä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ka.taˈpul.ta/, [kät̪äˈpul̪t̪ä]

### Noun

catapulta f (genitive catapultae); first declension
* a catapult

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Related terms

* catapultārius

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: catapulta
* → Corsican: catapulta
* → English: catapulta (learned)
* → German: Katapult
* → Italian: catapulta
* → Middle French: cacapulte, catapulte, cathapulte
** French: catapulte
*** → Romanian: catapultă
** → English: catapult
* → Polish: katapulta
* → Portuguese: catapulta
* → Spanish: catapulta

### References

* “catapulta”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “catapulta”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* catapulta in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* catapulta in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “catapulta”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “catapulta”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin catapulta, from Ancient Greek καταπέλτης (katapéltēs), from κατά (katá, “downwards, into, against”), from πάλλω (pállō, “to poise or sway a missile before it is thrown”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ka.taˈpuw.tɐ/ [ka.taˈpuʊ̯.tɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ka.taˈpuw.tɐ/ [ka.taˈpuʊ̯.tɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ka.taˈpuw.ta/ [ka.taˈpuʊ̯.ta]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐ.tɐˈpul.tɐ/ [kɐ.tɐˈpuɫ.tɐ]
* Hyphenation: ca‧ta‧pul‧ta

### Noun

catapulta f (plural catapultas)
* catapult

#### Related terms

* catapultar
* trabuco, manganela, onagro

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French catapulter. By surface analysis, catapultă +‎ -a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.ta.pulˈta/

### Verb

a catapulta (third-person singular present catapultează, past participle catapultat) 1st conjugation
* to catapult

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* catapulta in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kataˈpulta/ [ka.t̪aˈpul̪.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -ulta
* Syllabification: ca‧ta‧pul‧ta

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin catapulta, from Ancient Greek καταπέλτης (katapéltēs).

#### Noun

catapulta f (plural catapultas)
* catapult

##### Derived terms

* catapultar

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

catapulta
* inflection of catapultar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “catapulta”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10