# abies
## English
### Etymology

From the genus name Abies.

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈeɪ.biˌiz/, /ˈæ.biˌiz/

### Noun

abies (plural abies)
* A tree of the genus Abies.
* A tannin made from the barks of firs and spruces.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Baise

## French
### Alternative forms

* abiès

### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abies.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.bjɛs/

### Noun

abies m (plural abies)
* (archaic) a fir tree

### Further reading

* “abies”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* baies
* baise, baisé

## Latin
### Etymology

Usually connected with the Ancient Greek hapax ἄβιν (ábin, “silver fir or similar conifer”), both reflecting a root *abi-, ultimately likely from a substrate source.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈa.bi.eːs/, [ˈäbieːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈa.bi.es/, [ˈäːbies]

### Noun

abiēs f (genitive abietis); third declension
* the silver fir (Abies alba), the silver-fir's wood
* (poetic) anything made of deal (fir wood)

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.

#### Derived terms

* abiēgnus
* abietārius

#### Descendants

Reflexes of an assumed variant *abētem: (cf. parētem < parietem)
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: abéte
** Neapolitan: apeto
** >? Sicilian: abbitu
* Padanian:
** Emilian: aved
** Ligurian: aveo, avé
** Romagnol: abét, abēt (Ville Unite)
** Venetan: albeo (infl. by albus 'white')
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: avet
** Old Occitan: abet, avet
*** Occitan: avet
* Ibero-Romance:
** Aragonese: abet, abete
*** → Spanish: abeto, abete (obsolete) (or from Catalan)
**** → Asturian: abetu
**** → Galician: abeto, pinabete
**** → Portuguese: abeto
* Borrowings:
** →⇒ English: abietic
** → Esperanto: abio
** → French: abies
** → Ido: abieto

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “abiēs, -etis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄβιν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 5
* ↑ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “abies”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 24: Refonte A–Aorte, page 32

### Further reading

* “abies”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “abies”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* abies in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* abies in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

## Scots
### Etymology

E.D.D. suggests all-be-as, but see byes. The development of meaning in 3. seems a recent extension.

### Preposition

abies
* In comparison with.
* In addition to, besides.
* except

### References

* “abies, prep.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.