# ցանկ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian ցանկ (cʻank)

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /t͡sʰɑnk/, [t͡sʰɑŋk]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /t͡sɑnɡ/, [t͡sʰɑŋɡ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

ցանկ • (cʻank)
* (archaic) hedge, fence
* list, table of contents

#### Derived terms

* բառացանկ (baṙacʻank)

#### Related terms

* ցանկապատ (cʻankapat)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology 1

Ačaṙean derives from ց- (cʻ-, “until”) +‎ անկանիմ (ankanim, “to fall”) and explains the sense development as ‘to fall’ → ‘to end’ → ‘boundary’ → ‘hedge’, typologically comparing Latin cado (“to fall; to end”). In this case, identical with ցանկ (cʻank, “always”).
Olsen derives from ց- (cʻ-) +‎ nasalized non-palatal variant of Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to attach”).
Scheftelowitz connected with Sanskrit शङ्कु m (śaṅkú-, “pointed peg”), Old Church Slavonic сѫкъ (sǫkŭ, “branch”).
Martirosyan proposes derivation from Proto-Indo-European *s-kagʰ-no-, from *kagʰ-. In this case, ցանգ (cʻang) is the oldest form.

#### Alternative forms

* ցանգ (cʻang)

#### Noun

ցանկ • (cʻank)
* hedge, fence
    պատել, փակել ցանկով ― patel, pʻakel cʻankov ― to surround with hedges, to fence in
    ցանկ արկանել ― cʻank arkanel ― to hedge in, to encompass, to surround
* list, table of contents

##### Derived terms

* ցանկեմ (cʻankem), ցանգեմ (cʻangem)
* ցանկապատ (cʻankapat)

##### Descendants

* → Armenian: ցանկ (cʻank) (learned)

#### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “անկանիլ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 198b
* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “ցանկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 450b
* ↑ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 754
* ↑ Scheftelowitz, J. (1904) “Zur altarmenischen lautgeschichte”, in Beiträge zur kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 28, pages 287–288
* ↑ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 624

#### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “ցանկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 908a
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ցանկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 714b

### Etymology 2

From ց- (cʻ-, “until”) +‎ անկանիմ (ankanim, “to fall”), i.e. ‘till the end’.

#### Alternative forms

* ցանգ (cʻang)

#### Adverb

ցանկ • (cʻank)
* always, continually
** 5th century, Bible, Luke 22.28:Եւ դուք էք որ ցանգ կայիք ընդ իս ի փորձութիւնս իմ։Ew dukʻ ēkʻ or cʻang kayikʻ ənd is i pʻorjutʻiwns im.Ye are they which have continued with me in my temptations.

##### Derived terms

* ցանկորդ (cʻankord)
* ցանկորդեմ (cʻankordem)
* ցանկութիւն (cʻankutʻiwn)

#### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “անկանիլ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 198b
* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “ցանկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 450b

#### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “ցանկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 908ab
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ցանկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 714b

### Etymology 3

The origin is uncertain.

#### Noun

ցանկ • (cʻank)
* desire, love, lust

##### Derived terms

* անցանկական (ancʻankakan)
* անցանկութիւն (ancʻankutʻiwn)
* ցանկագոյն (cʻankagoyn)
* ցանկալի (cʻankali)
* ցանկալից (cʻankalicʻ)
* ցանկած (cʻankac)
* ցանկական (cʻankakan)
* ցանկամ (cʻankam)
* ցանկամոլ (cʻankamol)
* ցանկանամ (cʻankanam)
* ցանկասէր (cʻankasēr)
* ցանկասիրեմ (cʻankasirem)
* ցանկասիրութիւն (cʻankasirutʻiwn)
* ցանկասփիւռ (cʻankaspʻiwṙ)
* ցանկատեսակ (cʻankatesak)
* ցանկարար (cʻankarar)
* ցանկացած (cʻankacʻac)
* ցանկացող (cʻankacʻoł)
* ցանկացողական (cʻankacʻołakan)
* ցանկացուցիչ (cʻankacʻucʻičʻ)
* ցանկոտ (cʻankot)
* ցանկութիւն (cʻankutʻiwn)
* ցանկութիւնասէր (cʻankutʻiwnasēr)
* ցանկումն (cʻankumn)

#### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “ցանկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 450b

#### Further reading

* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “ցանկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 908a
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ցանկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 714b

### Etymology 4

The origin is unknown. Attested only in dictionaries.

#### Noun

ցանկ • (cʻank)
* (anatomy) secundine, afterbirth

#### References

* ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “ցանկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 450b

#### Further reading

* Awgerean, Mkrtičʻ, Čēlalean, Grigor (1865) “ցանկ”, in Aṙjeṙn baṙaran haykaznean lezui [Pocket Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 797a
* J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837) “ցանկ”, in Baṙgirkʻ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 1408a
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ցանկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 714b