# tarbh
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish tarb, from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) (compare Welsh tarw, Cornish tarow, Breton tarv, Gaulish taruos), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros (“bull”) (compare Latin taurus).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ˈt̪ˠɑɾˠəvˠ/
* (Connacht, Ulster) IPA: /ˈt̪ˠaɾˠuː/

### Noun

tarbh m (genitive singular tairbh, nominative plural tairbh)
* bull (adult male bovine)
* bull (adult male of other large mammal species)
    tarbh róin ― bull seal

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
tarbh
tairbh
vocative
a thairbh
a tharbha
genitive
tairbh
tarbh
dative
tarbh
tairbh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an tarbh
na tairbh
genitive
an tairbh
na dtarbh
dative
leis an tarbh don tarbh
leis na tairbh :
* Alternative plurals:
** toirbh (Cois Fharraige)
** tuirbh

#### Derived terms

* Tarbh m (“Taurus”)
* tarbh sliasta (“thick of thigh, buttock”)
* tarbh tána m (“leader of herd; ringleader”)
* tarbh- (“bull-; bull-like, massive, powerful”)
* tarbh-bhrocaire m (“bull-terrier”)
* tarbhadóir m (“toreador, bullfighter”)
* tarbhán m (“bull-calf; young bull”)
* tarbhchomhrac m (“bullfight; bullfighting”)
* tarbhchomhraiceoir m (“toreador, bullfighter”)
* tarbhdha (“bull-like”, adjective)
* tarbhghadhar m (“bull-dog”)
* tarbhghríosú m (“bull-baiting”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tarb”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 186, page 93
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 286, page 101

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tarbh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “tarbh”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “tarbh”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish tarb, from Proto-Celtic *tarwos (“bull”) (compare Welsh tarw, Cornish tarow, Breton tarv, Gaulish taruos), from Proto-Indo-European *táwros (“bull”) (compare Latin taurus).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t̪ʰaɾav]

### Noun

tarbh m (genitive singular tairbh, plural tairbh)
* bull

#### Derived terms

* An Tarbh (“Taurus”)
* tarbh-allaidh (“buffalo”)
* tarbh-boidhre (“monster, demon”)
* tarbh-chù (“bulldog”)
* tarbh-coille (“dark cloud which when seen on New Year's Day portends a stormy season”)
* tarbh-dallaig (“blue shark”)
* tarbh-mhadadh (“bulldog”)
* tarbh-nathrach (“dragonfly; moth”)
* tarbh-oighre (“bull supposed to serve cows grazing near to lochs in which they are supposed to live”)
* tarbh-réidh (“farm-bull”)
* tarbh-ruagadh (“bull-baiting”)
* tarbh-shìolag (“weever or viperfish”)
* tarbh-tàna (“parish-, district-, or herd-bull, bull which is the property of a district”)
* tàrbh-truid (“furious bull”)
* tarbh-uisge (“water-bull, sea-bull or -cow”)
* tarbhan (“little bull; young bull”, diminutive)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “tarbh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tarb”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language