# barah
## Balinese
### Romanization

barah
* Romanization of ᬩᬭᬄ

## Indonesian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.rah/
* Rhymes: -rah, -ah, -h
* Hyphenation: ba‧rah

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay barah, from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).

#### Noun

barah (plural barah-barah)
* tumor
    Synonym: tumor
* abscess
    Synonyms: abses, bisul

##### Derived terms

* membarah
* barah batu
* barah bir
* barah sisip

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Acehnese [Term?].

#### Noun

barah (plural barah-barah)
* shell throwing game

### Further reading

* “barah” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Javanese
### Romanization

barah
* Romanization of ꦧꦫꦃ

## Malay
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).

### Noun

barah (Jawi spelling باره, plural barah-barah, informal 1st possessive barahku, 2nd possessive barahmu, 3rd possessive barahnya)
* (esp. Riau, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) cancer
    Synonyms: kanser, kanker
** 2020 November 22, Nooratini Haji Abas, “Penyakit kardiovaskular semakin meningkat dalam golongan muda”, in Pelita Brunei:Penyakit kardiovaskular di Negara Brunei Darussalam kekal sebagai penyebab kedua tertinggi selepas barah, di mana ia menyumbang hampir 25 peratus kematian pada tahun 2018.Cardiovascular disease in Brunei Darussalam remains the second highest cause (of death) after cancer, where it accounted for nearly 25 percent of deaths in 2018.
** 2023 January 18, Farid Hamzah, “Pusat barah bersepadu baru di Hospital Mount Alvernia”, in Berita Harian (Singapore):Sebuah pusat barah bersepadu baru, yang dijangka dapat menyediakan rawatan bagi sekitar 1,800 pesakit setahun pada masa akan datang, telah dilancarkan di Hospital Mount Alvernia.A new integrated cancer centre, which is expected to provide treatment for around 1,800 patients a year in the future, has been launched at Mount Alvernia Hospital.
* abscess, carbuncle
    Synonyms: abses, bisul, bengkak, kebengkakan
* (obsolete) inflammation
    Synonyms: radang, keradangan
* (obsolete) tumor
    Synonyms: ketumbuhan, tumor

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: barah

### References

* Kamus Melayu Deli-Indonesia, Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Republik Indonesia, 2018, page 14
* Kamus Melayu Sumatera Utara-Indonesia, Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Republik Indonesia, 2018, →ISBN, page 37
* Kamus Bahasa Indonesia-Melayu Riau, Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1997, →ISBN, page 418
* Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “باره barah”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 42
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “باره barah”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 80
* Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “barah”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 85

### Further reading

* “barah” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baʀəq, from Proto-Austronesian *baʀəq (“abscess, boil, swelling on the body”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.rah/
* Rhymes: -rah
* Hyphenation: ba‧rah

### Noun

barah
* leprous ulcer

#### Descendants

* Javanese: ꦧꦫꦃ (barah)
* → Balinese: ᬩᬭᬄ (barah)

### Further reading

* "barah" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.