# rḏj
## Egyptian
### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /(ɾV)ˈcʼiːjit/ → /(ɾV)ˈtʼiːjiʔ/ → /(ɾə)ˈtʼiːʔə/ → /ˈtʼiːʔ/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /(ɾV)ˈcʼiːjit/
    where V represents an unknown short vowel.
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /(ɾV)ˈtʼiːjiʔ/
    where V represents an unknown short vowel.
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /(ɾə)ˈtʼiːʔə/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /ˈtʼiːʔ/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /rɛd͡ʒi/
** Conventional anglicization: redji

### Verb

anom.
* (transitive) to give, to provide with
* (transitive) to serve as a source of (water, dew, etc.), to provide (something) passively
* (transitive) to extend (one’s hand or arm), to give (one’s hand) (+ n or r: to)
* (transitive) to send forth, to emit
** (transitive) to give forth (blood, air, one’s voice, etc.), to exude, to run with, to emit
** (transitive) to throw or thrust (a weapon)
** (transitive) to send (a letter)
** (transitive) to issue, to promulgate (laws, decrees, prescriptions, commands)
* (transitive) to put, to set, to place (+ r: in, on, at (a place); + ḥr: upon; + m: in)
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 39–41: ꜥḥꜥ.n.j rḏj.kw r jw jn wꜣw n(j) wꜣḏ-wrThen I was put on an island by a wave of the sea.
* (transitive) to appoint (+ m or + r: as; + r or ḥr: to do (something))
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 177–179: ꜥḥꜥ.n(.j) rdj.kw r šmsw sꜣḥ.kw m štj tpwThen I was appointed as a retainer and endowed with two hundred servants (literally, “heads”).
* (transitive) to set down in writing (+ m or r: in (a document))
* (transitive) to set (fire) (+ m or r: to)
* (reflexive) to set oneself or lay oneself in some position, particularly prostrate on the ground
* (transitive) to turn (one’s face, back, etc.) (+ n or r: to, toward)
* (reflexive, often of the sun or gods) to reveal oneself
* (catenative, with a verb in the subjunctive) to cause, make, let, allow
** c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 2.3–2.4: rdj.jn ṯꜣt(j) njs.t(w) nꜣy.f n(j) ẖrdw m ḫt ꜥrq.f sḫr r(m)ṯw bj(ꜣ)t.sn m jjt ḥr.fSo the vizier let his children be summoned after he understood the conduct of people, their character being what had come upon him.

#### Inflection

Note in particular the irregular imperative jmj.

#### Alternative forms

By Middle Egyptian times, this verb had most likely become rdj, although sometimes written identically to its older form. By Late Egyptian it was likely dj.
| rḏj | rdj | rdj | rdj | rtj |
| [chiefly Old Kingdom] | [Middle Kingdom] | [Middle Kingdom] | [Late Period] | [Late Period] |

#### Derived terms

* pꜣ-dj-bꜣstt
* m-jr-djt
* m-dyt
* rḏj jwt
* rḏj jb
* rḏj jb m sꜣ
* rḏj jb n
* rḏj jb ḫnt
* rḏj jp ḥr
* rḏj jn.tw
* rḏj wꜣt n
* rḏj mꜣꜥ r
* rḏj m jb
* rḏj m ḥr
* ḥtp ḏj
* ḥtp ḏj nswt
* ḏj ꜥnḫ
* ḏj ꜥnḫ ḏd wꜣs
* ḏḏw-ms
* ḏḏt-jmn

#### Descendants

* Demotic: ty
** Coptic: ϯ (ti)

### References

* “rḏi̯ (lemma ID 851711)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 464.1–468.15
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 154–156
* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 159, 357.
* Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, pages 93–94
* Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 82