# cavar
## Catalan
### Etymology

From Latin cavāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [kəˈβa]
* IPA: (Balearic) [kəˈva]
* IPA: (Valencia) [kaˈvaɾ]

### Verb

cavar (first-person singular present cavo, first-person singular preterite caví, past participle cavat)
* to dig

#### Related terms

* excavar
* soscavar

### Further reading

* “cavar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cavar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin cavāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈβaɾ/

### Verb

cavar (first-person singular present cavo, first-person singular preterite cavei, past participle cavado)
* to dig
* to hoe
** 1303, Clarinda de Azevedo Maia (ed.), História do galego-português. Estado linguístico da Galiza e do Noroeste de Portugal do século XII ao século XVI (com referência á situação do galego moderno). Coimbra: I.N.I.C., page 150:
    Et dardeſ cada anno quatro dias de ſeara a noſſa graña de Pineyra, ṽn dia a eſcauar, outro a pudar, outro a cauar, outro a rãdar
       You'll give each year four days of work in our farm of Piñeira, one day for digging, another for prunning, another for hoeing, another for weeding
* to break up

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Derived terms

* cava
* cavada

#### Related terms

* escavar

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cavar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cauar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cavar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “cavar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cavar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “cavar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cavar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Occitan
### Etymology

From Old Occitan, from Latin cavō, cavāre.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

cavar
* to dig

#### Related terms

* escavar

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin cavāre.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kaˈva(ʁ)/ [kaˈva(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /kaˈva(ʁ)/ [kaˈva(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /kaˈva(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /kaˈva(ʁ)/ [kaˈva(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /kaˈva(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐˈvaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐˈvaɾ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /kɐˈbaɾ/ [kɐˈβaɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /kɐˈva.ɾi/

### Verb

cavar (first-person singular present cavo, first-person singular preterite cavei, past participle cavado)
* to dig, excavate, burrow, scoop

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Related terms

* cava
* escavar

## Romansch
### Alternative forms

* stgavar (Rumantsch Grischun, Sutsilvan, Surmiran)
* tgavar (Surmiran)
* chaver (Puter)
* chavar (Vallader)

### Etymology

From Latin cavō, cavāre.

### Verb

cavar
* (Sursilvan) to dig

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin cavāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈbaɾ/ [kaˈβ̞aɾ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: ca‧var

### Verb

cavar (first-person singular present cavo, first-person singular preterite cavé, past participle cavado)
* (transitive) to excavate, dig
* (intransitive) to penetrate into

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* cava
* cavador
* caverna
* escavar
* excavar

### Further reading

* “cavar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Venetan
### Etymology

From Latin cavō, cavāre.

### Verb

cavar
* (transitive) to take off, take out
* (transitive) to extract

#### Conjugation

* Venetan conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

#### Related terms

* escavar, scavar