# lapio
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lapido, related to Estonian labidas, Karelian labju, Veps labid and Votic lappia. Possibly borrowed from a Balto-Slavic language; compare Proto-Slavic *lopata (“shovel, spade”), Lithuanian lópeta (“shovel”), Latvian lâpsta (“shovel, spade”) and Old Prussian lopto (“spade”). Also theorized to be equivalent to lapa (“wide, flat blade of a tool”) +‎ -io, but this is phonologically less tenable.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɑpio/, [ˈlɑ̝pio̞]
* Rhymes: -ɑpio
* Hyphenation: la‧pio

### Noun

lapio
* shovel (tool for moving portions of material)
* spade (garden tool with a handle and a flat blade for digging)

#### Usage notes

No strict distinction between shovels and spades occurs in Finnish. The term lapio can be used for any tool consisting of a flat blade attached to a handle that is used for digging and/or carrying material. Compound words are used for more specific uses, like istutuslapio (“(gardening) trowel”), laastilapio (“(mortar) trowel”), lumilapio (“snow shovel”), pistolapio (“shovel (with a pointed tip)”) or puutarhalapio (“gardening spade”).

#### Declension

Possessive forms of lapio (Kotus type 3/valtio, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lapioni
lapioni
accusative
nom.
lapioni
lapioni
gen.
lapioni
genitive
lapioni
lapioideni lapioitteni
partitive
lapiotani
lapioitani
inessive
lapiossani
lapioissani
elative
lapiostani
lapioistani
illative
lapiooni
lapioihini
adessive
lapiollani
lapioillani
ablative
lapioltani
lapioiltani
allative
lapiolleni
lapioilleni
essive
lapionani
lapioinani
translative
lapiokseni
lapioikseni
abessive
lapiottani
lapioittani
instructive
comitative
—lapioineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lapiosi
lapiosi
accusative
nom.
lapiosi
lapiosi
gen.
lapiosi
genitive
lapiosi
lapioidesi lapioittesi
partitive
lapiotasi
lapioitasi
inessive
lapiossasi
lapioissasi
elative
lapiostasi
lapioistasi
illative
lapioosi
lapioihisi
adessive
lapiollasi
lapioillasi
ablative
lapioltasi
lapioiltasi
allative
lapiollesi
lapioillesi
essive
lapionasi
lapioinasi
translative
lapioksesi
lapioiksesi
abessive
lapiottasi
lapioittasi
instructive
comitative
—lapioinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lapiomme
lapiomme
accusative
nom.
lapiomme
lapiomme
gen.
lapiomme
genitive
lapiomme
lapioidemme lapioittemme
partitive
lapiotamme
lapioitamme
inessive
lapiossamme
lapioissamme
elative
lapiostamme
lapioistamme
illative
lapioomme
lapioihimme
adessive
lapiollamme
lapioillamme
ablative
lapioltamme
lapioiltamme
allative
lapiollemme
lapioillemme
essive
lapionamme
lapioinamme
translative
lapioksemme
lapioiksemme
abessive
lapiottamme
lapioittamme
instructive
comitative
—lapioinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lapionne
lapionne
accusative
nom.
lapionne
lapionne
gen.
lapionne
genitive
lapionne
lapioidenne lapioittenne
partitive
lapiotanne
lapioitanne
inessive
lapiossanne
lapioissanne
elative
lapiostanne
lapioistanne
illative
lapioonne
lapioihinne
adessive
lapiollanne
lapioillanne
ablative
lapioltanne
lapioiltanne
allative
lapiollenne
lapioillenne
essive
lapionanne
lapioinanne
translative
lapioksenne
lapioiksenne
abessive
lapiottanne
lapioittanne
instructive
comitative
—lapioinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
lapionsa
lapionsa
accusative
nom.
lapionsa
lapionsa
gen.
lapionsa
genitive
lapionsa
lapioidensa lapioittensa
partitive
lapiotaan lapiotansa
lapioitaan lapioitansa
inessive
lapiossaan lapiossansa
lapioissaan lapioissansa
elative
lapiostaan lapiostansa
lapioistaan lapioistansa
illative
lapioonsa
lapioihinsa
adessive
lapiollaan lapiollansa
lapioillaan lapioillansa
ablative
lapioltaan lapioltansa
lapioiltaan lapioiltansa
allative
lapiolleen lapiollensa
lapioilleen lapioillensa
essive
lapionaan lapionansa
lapioinaan lapioinansa
translative
lapiokseen lapioksensa
lapioikseen lapioiksensa
abessive
lapiottaan lapiottansa
lapioittaan lapioittansa
instructive
comitative
—lapioineen lapioinensa :

#### Derived terms

* lapiollinen
* lapioida
* hiekkalapio
* hiililapio
* istutuslapio
* jauholapio
* kakkulapio
* kenttälapio
* konelapio
* laastilapio
* lapioharja
* lapiokalastaja
* Lapiolahti
* lapionpisto
* lapionvarsi
* lapiorullaäes
* lapiosarvi
* leipälapio
* leivoslapio
* lumilapio
* ojalapio
* pistolapio
* puutarhalapio
* rautalapio
* riihilapio
* rikkalapio
* siunauslapio
* tuhkalapio
* tulilapio

### Further reading

* “lapio”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* lipoa, olipa, paloi, polia

## Welsh
### Etymology

From English lap (“wrap”) +‎ -io.

### Verb

lapio (first-person singular present lapiaf, not mutable)
* (transitive) to wrap (am up, around)
    Dych chi wedi lapio'r anrhegion eto?Have you wrapped the presents yet?
    Mae clogyn o oleuni wedi'i lapio amdanat.A cloak of light is wrapped around you.

#### Conjugation

| | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | impersonal | impersonal |
| | first | second | third | first | second | third | impersonal | impersonal |
| present indicative/future | lapiaf | lepi | lapia | lapiwn | lepiwch, lapiwch | lapiant | lepir |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | lapiwn | lepit | lapiai | lapiem | lapiech | lapient | lepid |
| preterite | lepiais | lepiaist | lapiodd | lapiasom | lapiasoch | lapiasant | lapiwyd |
| pluperfect | lapiaswn | lapiasit | lapiasai | lapiasem | lapiasech | lapiasent | lapiasid, lapiesid |
| present subjunctive | lapiwyf | lepiech | lapio | lapiom | lapioch | lapiont | lapier |
| imperative | — | lapia | lapied | lapiwn | lepiwch, lapiwch | lapient | lapier |
| verbal noun | lapio | lapio | lapio | lapio | lapio | lapio | lapio |
| verbal adjectives | lapiedig lapiadwy | lapiedig lapiadwy | lapiedig lapiadwy | lapiedig lapiadwy | lapiedig lapiadwy | lapiedig lapiadwy | lapiedig lapiadwy |
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| Inflected colloquial forms | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| future | lapia i, lapiaf i | lapi di | lapith o/e/hi, lapiff e/hi | lapiwn ni | lapiwch chi | lapian nhw |
| conditional | lapiwn i, lapswn i | lapiet ti, lapset ti | lapiai fo/fe/hi, lapsai fo/fe/hi | lapien ni, lapsen ni | lapiech chi, lapsech chi | lapien nhw, lapsen nhw |
| preterite | lapiais i, lapies i | lapiaist ti, lapiest ti | lapiodd o/e/hi | lapion ni | lapioch chi | lapion nhw |
| imperative | — | lapia | — | — | lapiwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |||||||

#### Derived terms

* amlapio (“wrap up”, verb)
* lapiad m (“wrapping”)
* papur lapio m (“wrapping paper; wrapper”)

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “lapio”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies