# hostia
## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰostiyo-, from *ǵʰes- (“hand”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈhos.ti.a/, [ˈhɔs̠t̪iä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈos.ti.a/, [ˈɔst̪iä]

### Noun

hostia f (genitive hostiae); first declension
* sacrifice, offering
* victim, sacrificial animal
* (Christianity) host, the consecrated bread

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Old French: oiste
** Middle French: oiste
** → Middle English: oste, oyst
*** English: host
* → Catalan: hòstia
* → Dutch: hostie
* → Middle French: hostie
** French: hostie
** → English: hostie
* → Galician: hostia
* → German: Hostie
* → Icelandic: hostía
* → Greek: όστια (óstia)
* → Italian: ostia
* → Polish: hostia
* → Portuguese: hóstia
* → Romanian: hostie
* → Russian: го́стия (góstija)
* → Sicilian: òstia
* → Spanish: hostia

### References

* “hostia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “hostia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* hostia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* hostia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
* “hostia”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “hostia”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin hostia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxɔs.tja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔstja
* Syllabification: hos‧tia
* Homophone: Hostia

### Noun

hostia f
* (Roman Catholicism) sacramental bread, communion bread, communion wafer, Eucharist, host (bread used in the Christian ritual of the Eucharist; before the consecration)
    Synonyms: eucharystia, komunia, komunikant
    Coordinate term: wino mszalne

#### Related terms

* Hostia

### Further reading

* hostia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* hostia in PWN's encyclopedia

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈostja/ [ˈos.t̪ja]
* Rhymes: -ostja
* Syllabification: hos‧tia

### Etymology 1

Early borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin hostia (“host, consecrated bread ← victim, sacrifice”).

#### Noun

hostia f (plural hostias)
* (Catholicism) communion wafer, host
* (vulgar, Spain) punch, slap
    Synonyms: golpe, trastazo, bofetada
* (vulgar, Spain) the shit (the best of its kind)
    Synonyms: leche, polla
    ¡Estas uvas son la hostia!These grapes are the shit!

##### Descendants

* → Cebuano: ostiya

#### Interjection

¡hostia!
* (vulgar, Spain) jeez (expression of surprise)
    Synonyms: ¡joder!, (only for negative situations) ¡mierda!
* (vulgar, Spain) fuck!

##### Alternative forms

* hostias, ¡hostias!

##### Derived terms

* a toda hostia
* cagando hostias
* de la hostia
* dejarse de hostias
* echando hostias
* hostiar
* la hostia
* mala hostia
* me cago en la hostia
* ni qué hostias

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

hostia
* inflection of hostiar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### See also

* ostras

### Further reading

* “hostia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10