OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# porciolista
## Spanish
### Adjective

porciolista m or f (masculine and feminine plural porciolistas)
* (relational) of José María de Porcioles (1904-1993) (the former mayor of Barcelona); Porcioles's (of or relating to him or his policies)

### Noun

porciolista m or f by sense (plural porciolistas)
* Supporter of José María de Porcioles
** 2015 October 23, “Tribuna”, in El País‎:Ante esa doble lógica porciolista y especulativa, hay que defender el acuerdo democrático en el entorno de la preservación de los tejidos urbanos del centro de la ciudad, y hay que defender un urbanismo transparente y democrático, sin subordinación a ningún interés privado.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Related terms

* porciolismo
# děťátko
## Czech
### Alternative forms

* díťátko (dialectal)

### Etymology

From dítě +‎ -átko.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɟɛcaːtko]
* Hyphenation: dě‧ťát‧ko

### Noun

děťátko n
* diminutive of dítě
* baby
    Synonyms: miminko, dítě, kojenec, nemluvně, (literary) robě

#### Related terms

* dítě

### Further reading

* “děťátko”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “děťátko”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “děťátko”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Old Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈɟi̯ɛcaːtko/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈɟɛcaːtko/

### Noun

děťátko n
* diminutive of dietě

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “děťátko”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# sikmol
## Bikol Central
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: sik‧mol
* IPA: /sikˈmol/ [sikˈmol̪]

### Adjective

sikmol
* disgusted
    Synonyms: suya, baldi

#### Derived terms

* kasikmolan
* makasikmol
* masikmol
* pagkasikmol

## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: sik‧mol
* IPA: /ˈsikmol/ [ˈs̪ik.mol̪]

### Verb

sikmol
* to touch lightly
* to perform sikmol

### Noun

sikmol
* the ritual feeding of a baby's first solid food meal; usually done four months after birth using octopus tentacles
# chutný
## Czech
### Etymology

From chuť +‎ -ný, see nechutný.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈxutniː]

### Adjective

chutný (comparative chutnější, superlative nejchutnější, adverb chutně)
* delicious, tasty
    Synonyms: dobrý, lahodný, mňamózní, šmakovný
    Antonym: nechutný

#### Related terms

* chutnat
* chuť
* vychutnat

### Further reading

* “chutný”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “chutný”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “chutný”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# czelny
## Polish
### Etymology

From czoło +‎ -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʂɛl.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛlnɘ
* Syllabification: czel‧ny

### Adjective

czelny (comparative bardziej czelny, superlative najbardziej czelny, derived adverb czelnie)
* audacious, cheeky, shameless
    Synonyms: bezczelny, zuchwały
* (archaic) foremost, chief
    Synonyms: naczelny, czołowy

#### Derived terms

* białoczelny

### Further reading

* czelny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# stranický
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstraɲɪt͡skiː]
* Rhymes: -ɪtskiː

### Adjective

stranický (comparative straničtější, superlative nejstraničtější, adverb stranicky)
* (relational) party (of or relating to a political party)
    Vždy dodržoval stranickou disciplínu. ― He always observed party discipline.

#### Related terms

* strana

### Further reading

* “stranický”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “stranický”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “stranický”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# texturist
## English
### Etymology

From texture +‎ -ist.

### Noun

texturist (plural texturists)
* One who discriminates based on the texture of a person's hair, typically when it is Afro-textured.
** 2020 December 22, G.L. Tomas, The Love Bet(A BWWM Romantic Comedy)‎, Rebellious Valkyrie Press, →ISBN: […] but if you were a colorist and texturist and couldn't get down with a sista who had tighter than 3B hair, you'd confirm she was a knockout.

#### Related terms

* texturism
# mundializar
## Spanish
### Etymology

From mundial +‎ -izar.

### Verb

mundializar (first-person singular present mundializo, first-person singular preterite mundialicé, past participle mundializado)
* to globalise; go global
    Synonym: globalizar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* mundialización

### Further reading

* “mundializar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Azerbejdżanka
## Polish
### Etymology

From Azerbejdżan +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.zɛr.bɛjˈd͡ʐan.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -anka
* Syllabification: A‧zer‧bej‧dżan‧ka

### Noun

Azerbejdżanka f (male equivalent Azerbejdżanin)
* female equivalent of Azerbejdżanin: female Azerbaijani (female native or inhabitant of Azerbaijan)

#### Related terms

* azerbejdżański
* Azerbejdżan

### Further reading

* Azerbejdżanka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# miminko
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmɪmɪŋko]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

miminko n
* baby
    Synonyms: děťátko, dítě, kojenec, nemluvně

#### Related terms

* dítě

### Further reading

* “miminko”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “miminko”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# húmedo
## Asturian
### Adjective

húmedo
* neuter of húmedu

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin hūmidus, variant of ūmidus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈumedo/ [ˈu.me.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -umedo
* Syllabification: hú‧me‧do

### Adjective

húmedo (feminine húmeda, masculine plural húmedos, feminine plural húmedas)
* humid, moist, damp

#### Derived terms

* humedal
* sueño húmedo
* traje húmedo

#### Related terms

* humectar
* humedad
* humedecer
* humor

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “húmedo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

### Further reading

* “húmedo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# dracht
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch dracht, from Old Dutch *draht, from Proto-Germanic *drahtuz. Equivalent to dragen (“to carry, wear”) +‎ -t (“verbal noun”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /drɑxt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: dracht
* Rhymes: -ɑxt

### Noun

dracht f (plural drachten, diminutive drachtje n)
* the act of bearing or wearing something
* (by extension) type of clothing that is typical for a time period or function
* (by extension) state of pregnancy
* (by extension) the foetus when carried in the womb
* (physics) range of radiation
* a number of consecutive hits or blows in a brief interval

#### Derived terms

* afdracht
* drachtig
* drachttijd
* eendracht
* haardracht
* klederdracht
* opdracht
* overdracht
* toedracht
* tweedracht
* voordracht

#### Descendants

* Negerhollands: dragt

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch *draht, from Proto-Germanic *drahtuz.

### Noun

dracht f
* act of carrying
* what is carried, load, freight
* things brought to fill or raise ground (in e.g. a defence)
* pregnancy
* progeny, young, child
* move (in a game)
* while, time
* clothes worn

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Descendants

* Dutch: dracht
* Limburgish: drach

### Further reading

* “dracht”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “dracht”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
# Arctoidea
## Translingual
### Etymology

arctus +‎ -oidea

### Proper noun

Arctoidea
* A taxonomic infraorder within the order Carnivora – certain mostly carnivorous mammals.

#### Hypernyms

* (infraorder): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Animalia – kingdom; Bilateria – subkingdom; Deuterostomia – infrakingdom; Chordata – phylum; Vertebrata – subphylum; Gnathostomata – infraphylum; Tetrapoda – superclass; Mammalia – class; Theria – supercohort; Eutheria – infraclass; Carnivora – order; Caniformia – suborder

#### Hyponyms

* (infraorder): Mustelida, Ursida – parvorders

#### Descendants

* English: arctoidean

### References

* Arctoidea on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Arctoidea on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Arctoidea on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# padrear
## Spanish
### Etymology

From padre (“father”). The slang meaning is an extension of padre as meaning "extremely cool", becoming popular ca. 2021.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /padɾeˈaɾ/ [pa.ð̞ɾeˈaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: pa‧dre‧ar

### Verb

padrear (first-person singular present padreo, first-person singular preterite padreé, past participle padreado)
* (uncommon, intransitive) to look like or behave like one's father
* (intransitive, Spain, slang) to be the very best, to be awesome, to be the boss
    Está padreando. ― It's awesome.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Derived terms

* padreada (slang)

### Further reading

* “padrear”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# usnąć
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish usnąć, from Proto-Slavic *usъnǫti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈu.snɔɲt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -usnɔɲt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: u‧snąć

### Verb

usnąć pf (imperfective usypiać)
* (intransitive) to fall asleep
    Synonym: zasnąć

#### Related terms

* senny
* śpiący
* sen
* senność

### Further reading

* usnąć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* usnąć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# bogar
## Icelandic
### Noun

bogar
* indefinite nominative plural of bogi

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* bøger (plural of bog)

### Noun

bogar m
* indefinite plural of boge
* indefinite plural of bog

## Old Norse
### Noun

bogar
* nominative plural of bogi

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old French vogue, from the verb voguer (“to sway, move along”), from Old Italian vogare, of Germanic origin, from Old Saxon wagon (“to float, move as in waves”).
Related to modern French vogue (“wave; course of success”), and the verb voguer (“move through the water”). Compare Italian vogare, Catalan vogar, and Portuguese vogar.
An alternative, and less likely, theory derives it from Latin vocāre (“call”), referring to the commanding voice of the rowing leader.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /boˈɡaɾ/ [boˈɣ̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: bo‧gar

### Verb

bogar (first-person singular present bogo, first-person singular preterite bogué, past participle bogado)
* (intransitive) to row
    Synonym: remar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Derived terms

* boga
* bogador

### References

* ↑ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
* ↑ “bogar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Further reading

* “bogar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# bristly
## English
### Alternative forms

* brisly

### Etymology

From Middle English bristli, brustly, equivalent to bristle +‎ -y.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɹɪsli/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adjective

bristly (comparative bristlier, superlative bristliest)
* Covered with bristles.
* Easily antagonized; irascible; prone to bristling.

#### Derived terms

* bristliness
* bristly hawksbeard
* bristly Matilija poppy
* bristly mouse
* painted bristly mouse

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* trilbys
# vihoittaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

viha +‎ -ttaa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋihoi̯tːɑːˣ/, [ˈʋiɦo̞i̯t̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ihoitːɑː
* Hyphenation: vi‧hoit‧taa

### Verb

vihoittaa
* (transitive) to enrage

#### Derived terms

* vihoitella

### Further reading

* “vihoittaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04

### Anagrams

* ahavoitti, haavoitti
# samorządowiec
## Polish
### Etymology

From samorząd +‎ -owiec.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sa.mɔ.ʐɔnˈdɔ.vjɛt͡s/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvjɛt͡s
* Syllabification: sa‧mo‧rzą‧do‧wiec

### Noun

samorządowiec m pers
* (colloquial) member of a local government

#### Related terms

* samorządny
* samorządowy
* samorządnie
* samorząd
* samorządność

### Further reading

* samorządowiec in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* samorządowiec in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# univerzální
## Czech
### Alternative forms

* universální (dated)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈunɪvɛrzaːlɲiː]

### Adjective

univerzální (comparative univerzálnější, superlative nejuniverzálnější, adverb univerzálně)
* universal (useful for many purposes)
    Synonym: všestranný

#### Derived terms

* univerzálnost f

### Further reading

* “univerzální”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “univerzální”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “univerzální”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# anane
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Arabic عَنْعَنَة (ʕanʕana).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: a‧na‧ne

### Noun

anane (Cyrillic spelling аньане)
* tradition

#### Related terms

* ananeviy

### References

* “anane”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish عنعنه (anane), from Arabic عَنْعَنَة (ʕanʕana).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

anane (definite accusative ananeyi, plural ananeler)
* (obsolete) tradition

#### Synonyms

* gelenek
* tradisyon
# Nowa Fundlandia
## Polish
### Etymology

Partial calque of German Neufundland.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnɔ.va funˈdlan.dja/
* Audio:(file)
* Syllabification: No‧wa Fun‧dlan‧dia

### Proper noun

Nowa Fundlandia f (related adjective nowofundlandzki)
* Newfoundland (an island in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada)

#### Derived terms

* nowofundland
* Nowofundlandczyk
* nowofundlandczyk
* Nowofundlandka

### Further reading

* Nowa Fundlandia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* Nowa Fundlandia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Nowa Fundlandia in PWN's encyclopedia
# siemię
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sě̀mę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sēˀmen, *sēˀmin, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₁mn̥, from *seh₁- (“to impress, insert, sow”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (normal speech) /ˈɕɛ.mjɛ/, (careful speech) /ˈɕɛ.mjɛw̃/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛmjɛw̃
* Syllabification: sie‧mię

### Noun

siemię n
* oilseed: flaxseed, rapeseed, hempseed
    Synonym: siemię lniane

#### Related terms

* siewny
* nasiono
* siejba
* siew
* siewca
* siać

### Further reading

* siemię in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* siemię in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# halogenoida
## Finnish
### Etymology

Internationalism (see English halogenate). Adapted with +‎ -oida.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɑloɡenoi̯dɑˣ/, [ˈhɑ̝lo̞ˌɡe̞no̞i̯dɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -oidɑ
* Hyphenation: ha‧lo‧ge‧noi‧da

### Verb

halogenoida
* (chemistry, transitive) to halogenate

#### Derived terms

* halogenointi
# duplikeyt
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* dupliket

### Etymology

Borrowed from English duplicate, from Latin duplicātus.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˈduplikejt/ [ˌd̪up.lɪˈxeɪ̯t̪]
* Rhymes: -uplikejt
* Syllabification: dup‧li‧keyt

### Adjective

dúplikéyt (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜉ᜔ᜎᜒᜃᜒᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔)
* duplicate
    Synonym: duplikado

#### Related terms

* doble
* dobol
* duplikado
* duplikador

#### See also

* kopya
* sipi

### Further reading

* “duplikeyt”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# cinnamate
## English
### Etymology

From cinnamic acid +‎ -ate.

### Noun

cinnamate (plural cinnamates)
* (organic chemistry) Any salt or ester of cinnamic acid.

#### Derived terms

* acetamidocinnamate
# erotella
## Finnish
### Etymology

From erottaa +‎ -ella.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈerotelːɑˣ/, [ˈe̞ro̞ˌt̪e̞lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -elːɑ
* Hyphenation: ero‧tel‧la

### Verb

erotella
* (transitive) To separate, segregate.

#### Derived terms

* erottelu

### Further reading

* “erotella”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# σχίντα
## Tsakonian
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ῥίζα (rhíza, “root”). Cognate with Greek ρίζα (ríza).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʃinda/

### Noun

σχίντα (schínta) f (plural σχίντε (schínte))
* root
# Hébridas
## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɛ.bɾi.dɐs/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɛ.bɾi.dɐs/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈɛ.bɾi.dɐʃ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈɛ.bɾi.das/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɛ.bɾi.dɐʃ/ [ˈɛ.βɾi.ðɐʃ]

### Proper noun

Hébridas f pl
* Hebrides (an archipelago off the west coast of Scotland)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈebɾidas/ [ˈe.β̞ɾi.ð̞as]
* Rhymes: -ebɾidas
* Syllabification: Hé‧bri‧das

### Proper noun

Hébridas f pl
* Hebrides (an archipelago in Scotland)

#### Derived terms

* Nuevas Hébridas
# acabadamente
## Spanish
### Etymology

From acabado +‎ -mente.

### Adverb

acabadamente
* wholly, completely

#### Related terms

* acabar

### Further reading

* “acabadamente”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Ostrów Mazowiecka
## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔs.truf ma.zɔˈvjɛt͡s.ka/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Syllabification: Os‧trów Ma‧zo‧wiec‧ka

### Proper noun

Ostrów Mazowiecka f
* Ostrów Mazowiecka (a town in the Masovian Voivodeship, Poland)

#### Derived terms

* ostrowski
* ostrowianin
* ostrowianka

### Further reading

* Ostrów Mazowiecka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* Ostrów Mazowiecka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# pararom
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

From pa- +‎ rarom.

### Noun

pararom
* act of deepening

#### Derived terms

* magpararom
* pararomon
# horečnatý
## Czech
### Etymology

From horečný +‎ -atý.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦorɛt͡ʃnatiː]

### Adjective

horečnatý (adverb horečnatě)
* feverish (filled with excited activity)
* feverish, febrile (medicine) (having a fever)

#### Related terms

* horečný m

### Further reading

* “horečnatý”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “horečnatý”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “horečnatý”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# epyk
## Old Tupi
### Verb

epyk (first-person singular active indicative aîepyk, first-person singular negative active indicative n'aîepyki, noun epyka) (transitive)
* to avenge (to take vengeance for)
* to excuse (to provide an excuse for; to justify)

#### Derived terms

* poepyk

### References

* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “epyk”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 108, column 2
# stráň
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstraːɲ]

### Noun

stráň f (diminutive stráňka)
* hillside, slope
    Synonyms: svah, úbočí

#### Related terms

* strana

### Further reading

* “stráň”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “stráň”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “stráň”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# abusar
## Catalan
### Etymology

From abús +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [ə.βuˈza]
* IPA: (Balearic) [ə.buˈza]
* IPA: (Valencia) [a.buˈzaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
* Hyphenation: a‧bu‧sar

### Verb

abusar (first-person singular present abuso, first-person singular preterite abusí, past participle abusat)
* (intransitive, abusar de) to abuse (use improperly)
* to rape
    Synonym: violar

#### Related terms

* abusador
* abusiu

#### Further reading

* “abusar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish abusar.

### Noun

abusár
* misuse, abuse

### Verb

abusár
* to misuse or abuse, to take advantage of

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From abuso +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /a.buˈza(ʁ)/ [a.buˈza(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /a.buˈza(ʁ)/ [a.buˈza(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /a.buˈza(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /a.buˈza(ʁ)/ [a.buˈza(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /a.buˈza(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.buˈzaɾ/ [ɐ.βuˈzaɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.buˈzaɾ/ [ɐ.βuˈzaɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.buˈza.ɾi/ [ɐ.βuˈza.ɾi]
* Hyphenation: a‧bu‧sar

### Verb

abusar (first-person singular present abuso, first-person singular preterite abusei, past participle abusado)
* to abuse
* to insult

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Derived terms

* abusado
* abusador

#### Descendants

* Kabuverdianu: abuza

### Further reading

* “abusar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From abuso +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abuˈsaɾ/ [a.β̞uˈsaɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: a‧bu‧sar

### Verb

abusar (first-person singular present abuso, first-person singular preterite abusé, past participle abusado)
* to abuse, to betray
* to misuse
* (pronominal, Guatemala) to get clever, to get smart, to wise up
    Synonyms: espabilarse, avivarse

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* abusador
* abusar de

#### Related terms

* abusivo
* abusón

#### Descendants

* → Hiligaynon: abusar

#### Further reading

* “abusar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# photonics
## English
### Etymology

From photon +‎ -ics.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /foʊˈtɑnɪks/
* Rhymes: -ɒnɪks

### Noun

photonics (uncountable)
* (sciences) The science and technology of generating and controlling photons, particularly in the visible and near infrared light spectrum.

#### Hyponyms

* nanophotonics

#### Derived terms

* silicon photonics

#### Translations
### Further reading

* photonics on Wikipedia.Wikipedia