OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# malhumorado
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /malumoˈɾado/ [ma.lu.moˈɾa.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -ado
* Syllabification: mal‧hu‧mo‧ra‧do

### Adjective

malhumorado (feminine malhumorada, masculine plural malhumorados, feminine plural malhumoradas)
* crabby, peevish, cranky, splenetic
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 333:Jesucristo sonrió bondadosamente y calló, como hacía siempre ante los arranques malhumorados de su quisquilloso discípulo.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* sullen

#### Related terms

* malhumor

### Further reading

* “malhumorado”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# certiorari
## English
### Etymology

From the present passive infinitive of Latin certiōrō (“to make certain”), from the words used at the beginning of these writs when they were written in Latin: certiorārī volumus (“[we] wish to be made certain”).

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˌsɝʃəˈɹɛəɹaɪ/, /ˌsɝʃəˈɹɛəɹi/, /ˌsɝʃəˈɹɑɹi/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌsɜːʃəˈɹɛəɹaɪ/, /ˌsɜːʃəˈɹɛəɹi/, /ˌsɜːʃəˈɹɑːɹi/
* Hyphenation: cer‧tio‧ra‧ri

### Noun

certiorari (plural certioraris)
* (US, law) A grant of the right of an appeal to be heard by an appellate court where that court has discretion to choose which appeals it will hear.
* (British, law) A grant of review of a government action by a court with discretion to make such a review.

#### Derived terms

* cert./cert (abbreviation)
* cert pool
* certworthiness

## Latin
### Etymology

Form of the verb certiōrō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ker.ti.oːˈraː.riː/, [kɛrt̪ioːˈräːriː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /t͡ʃer.t͡si.oˈra.ri/, [t͡ʃert̪͡s̪ioˈräːri]

### Verb

certiōrārī
* present passive infinitive of certiōrō
# arrullar
## Spanish
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic of the sound ru, on the pattern of aullar and maullar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aruˈʝaɾ/ [a.ruˈʝaɾ]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /aruˈʝaɾ/ [a.ruˈʝaɾ]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /aruˈʎaɾ/ [a.ruˈʎaɾ]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /aruˈʃaɾ/ [a.ruˈʃaɾ]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /aruˈʒaɾ/ [a.ruˈʒaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: a‧rru‧llar

### Verb

arrullar (first-person singular present arrullo, first-person singular preterite arrullé, past participle arrullado)
* (transitive) to lull
* (transitive) to coo

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* arrullo

### Further reading

* “arrullar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# vesela
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɛsɛla]

### Adjective

vesela
* feminine singular nominal predicative of veselý

#### Antonyms

* smutna, nevesela

#### Related terms

* vesel
* veseli
* veselo

## Latvian
### Adjective

vesela
* inflection of vesels:
** genitive singular masculine
** nominative singular feminine

## Serbo-Croatian
### Adjective

vesela
* inflection of veseo:
** feminine nominative/vocative singular
** indefinite masculine/neuter genitive singular
** indefinite animate masculine accusative singular
** neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural
# gravímetro
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin gravis +‎ -metro.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ɡɾaˈvĩ.me.tɾu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ɡɾaˈvĩ.me.tɾu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ɡɾaˈvi.me.tɾo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɡɾɐˈvi.mɨ.tɾu/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɡɾɐˈvi.mɨ.tɾu/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ɡɾɐˈbi.mɨ.tɾu/ [ɡɾɐˈβi.mɨ.tɾu]
* Rhymes: -imɨtɾu
* Hyphenation: gra‧ví‧me‧tro

### Noun

gravímetro m (plural gravímetros)
* gravimeter

#### Related terms

* gravimétrico

### Further reading

* “gravímetro”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “gravímetro”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
* “gravímetro” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “gravímetro”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “gravímetro”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “gravímetro”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin gravis +‎ -metro.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɾaˈbimetɾo/ [ɡɾaˈβ̞i.me.t̪ɾo]
* Rhymes: -imetɾo
* Syllabification: gra‧ví‧me‧tro

### Noun

gravímetro m (plural gravímetros)
* gravimeter
* Synonym of densímetro

#### Related terms

* gravimétrico

### Further reading

* “gravímetro”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# abreviación
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* abreviaçom, abreviação (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

From Ecclesiastical Latin abbreviātiō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /abɾɛbjaˈθjoŋ/ [a.β̞ɾɛ.β̞jaˈθjoŋ]
* IPA: (standard) /abɾɛbjaˈθjoŋ/ [a.β̞ɾɛ.β̞jaˈθjoŋ]
* IPA: (seseo) /abɾɛbjaˈsjoŋ/ [a.β̞ɾɛ.β̞jaˈsjoŋ]
* Rhymes: -oŋ
* Hyphenation: a‧bre‧via‧ción

### Noun

abreviación f (plural abreviacións)
* shortening, abridgement
* (linguistics) reduction

#### Related terms

* abreviar

### Further reading

* “abreviación”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin abbreviātiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /abɾebjaˈθjon/ [a.β̞ɾe.β̞jaˈθjõn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /abɾebjaˈsjon/ [a.β̞ɾe.β̞jaˈsjõn]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: a‧bre‧via‧ción

### Noun

abreviación f (plural abreviaciones)
* shortening, abridgement
* (linguistics) reduction

#### Usage notes

* In Spanish there are several types of reductions that can happen to language: abreviatura (“abbreviation”), acortamiento (“shortening”), acrónimo (“phonetic acronym”), sigla (“any acronym”), símbolo (“symbol”).

#### Related terms

* abreviar

### Further reading

* “abreviación”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# սևամաղձ
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian սևամաղձ (sewamałj), which is a calque of Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía). Compare Armenian մելամաղձ (melamaġj).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /sevɑˈmɑʁd͡z/, [sevɑmɑ́ʁd͡z]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /sevɑˈmɑχt͡s/, [sevɑmɑ́χt͡sʰ]

### Adjective

սևամաղձ • (sewamaġj) (superlative ամենասևամաղձ) (rare)
* melancholic, depressed
    Synonyms: մելամաղձ (melamaġj), մելամաղձոտ (melamaġjot)

#### Derived terms

* սևամաղձություն (sewamaġjutʻyun)

### Noun

սևամաղձ • (sewamaġj) (rare)
* melancholy, deep sadness or depression
    Synonym: մելամաղձ (melamaġj)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “սևամաղձ”, in Žamanakakicʻ hayocʻ lezvi bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, 1969–1980
# 當機
## Chinese
### Etymology

The first syllable is borrowed from English down.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàngjī
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄤˋ ㄐㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): daang$^1$ gei$^1$ / dong$^1$ gei$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàngjī
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄤˋ ㄐㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàngji
*** Wade–Giles: tang$^4$-chi$^1$
*** Yale: dàng-jī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: danqji
*** Palladius: данцзи (danczi)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daang$^1$ gei$^1$ / dong$^1$ gei$^1$
*** Yale: dāang gēi / dōng gēi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daang$^1$ gei$^1$ / dong$^1$ gei$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dang$^1$ géi$^1$ / dong$^1$ géi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːŋ⁵⁵ kei̯⁵⁵/, /tɔːŋ⁵⁵ kei̯⁵⁵/

### Verb

當機
* (originally Cantonese, colloquial, of a computer) to crash
* (figurative) to go haywire
    From: 2019, The Orville, Identity Part 1, at 13:54
    Nǐmen de tèshǐ Àisàkè wánquán dàngjī le wǒmen yě bù zhīdào shì zěnme huí shì [Pinyin]
    Your emissary, Isaac, shut down completely and we have no idea what's wrong.
* (computing) to shut down a computer; to stop a service (for maintenance, etc.)

#### Usage notes

Now rare in Cantonese.

#### Synonyms

* (to crash): 死機／死机 (sǐjī), (Cantonese) hang機／hang机
* (to shut down a computer): 停機／停机 (tíngjī)
# zmrok
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sǫmorkъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzmrɔk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔk
* Syllabification: zmrok

### Noun

zmrok m inan
* darkness
* dusk, nightfall

#### Related terms

* mrok

#### Descendants

* → Belarusian: змрок (zmrok)

### Further reading

* zmrok in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* zmrok in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Sinterklaas
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch sinter clâes.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɪntərˈklaːs/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Sin‧ter‧klaas
* Rhymes: -aːs

### Proper noun

Sinterklaas m
* Saint Nicholas in a folkloric incarnation, who (in the Low Countries and other parts of Europe) gives presents to children on December 5 or 6
** 1984, Het Goede Doel (Henk Westbroek and Henk Temming), Sinterklaas (song):
    Met Paas denk ik aan Sinterklaas en stuur ik hem een kaart, ik vraag hem hoe het met hem gaat en groet gelijk zijn paard.At Easter I think of Sinterklaas and I send him a card, I ask him how he is and greet his horse too.
* the holiday dedicated to Saint Nicholas

#### Synonyms

* Sint-Nicolaas

#### Derived terms

* Chanoeklaas
* Sinterkerst
* sinterklaasavond
* sinterklaascadeau
* sinterklaasfeest
* sinterklaasgedicht
* sinterklaasinkopen
* sinterklaasrijm
* sinterklaassurprise

#### Descendants

* → English: Santa Claus
* →? Saterland Frisian: Sunderkloas

#### See also

* kerstman
* Zwarte Piet (“Black Pete”)
# prosebník
## Czech
### Etymology

From prosba (“request”) +‎ -ník.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈprosɛbɲiːk]
* Rhymes: -ɛbɲiːk
* Hyphenation: pro‧seb‧ník

### Noun

prosebník m anim (female equivalent prosebnice, diminutive prosebníček)
* petitioner, supplicant
    Synonym: žadatel

#### Related terms

* prosba
* prosebný
* prosit

### Further reading

* “prosebník”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “prosebník”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “prosebník”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# kalkul
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Kalkül, from French calcul, from Latin calculus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkalkul]

### Noun

kalkul m inan
* calculus (formal system for symbol manipulation)
    Synonym: počet

#### Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* kalkulace
* kalkulačka
* kalkulátor
* kalkulovat

### Further reading

* “kalkul”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “kalkul”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* kalkul in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz
# bigami
## Ido
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biˈɡami/

### Noun

bigami
* plural of bigamo

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch bigamie, from French bigamie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [biˈɡami]
* Hyphenation: bi‧ga‧mi
* Rhymes: -mi, -i

### Noun

bigami (plural bigami-bigami)
* bigamy

#### Related terms

* monogami
* poligami

### Further reading

* “bigami” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbi.ɡa.mi/
* Rhymes: -iɡami
* Hyphenation: bì‧ga‧mi

### Adjective

bigami
* masculine plural of bigamo

### Noun

bigami m
* plural of bigamo

### Anagrams

* giambi

## Malay
### Etymology

From Dutch bigamie, from French bigamie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /biɡami/
* Rhymes: -mi, -i
* Hyphenation: bi‧ga‧mi

### Noun

bigami (Jawi spelling بيݢامي, plural bigami-bigami, informal 1st possessive bigamiku, 2nd possessive bigamimu, 3rd possessive bigaminya)
* bigamy

#### Related terms

* monogami
* poligami

### Further reading

* “bigami” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From bi- +‎ -gami.

### Noun

bigami m (definite singular bigamien, indefinite plural bigamiar, definite plural bigamiane)
* bigamy
    Synonym: tvigifte

### References

* “bigami” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Swedish
### Noun

bigami c
* bigamy (having two spouses)
    Synonym: tvegifte

#### Related terms

* bigamist

#### See also

* monogami
* polygami

### References

* bigami in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
# St Breward
## English
### Etymology

From Saint Branwalader, or Brewveredus in another source.

### Proper noun

St Breward
* A village and civil parish in mid Cornwall, England (OS grid ref SX0976).

### References

* ↑ Historical Place Names of Cornwall
* ↑ Parish map
# półbrat
## Polish
### Etymology

From pół- +‎ brat.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpuw.brat/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uwbrat
* Syllabification: pół‧brat

### Noun

półbrat m pers
* (obsolete) half brother (male sibling sharing a single parent)
    Synonym: przyrodni brat
    Coordinate term: półsiostra
* (Christianity, historical) friar, monk

#### Related terms

* półsiostra

### Further reading

* półbrat in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# tripofobia
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek τρῦπα (trûpa, “hole”) +‎ -fobia.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /tɾi.po.foˈbi.ɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /tɾi.po.foˈbi.ɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /tɾi.po.foˈbi.a/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tɾi.pu.fuˈbi.ɐ/ [tɾi.pu.fuˈβi.ɐ]
* Rhymes: -iɐ

### Noun

tripofobia f (plural tripofobias)
* trypophobia (irrational fear of irregular patterns or clusters of small holes)

#### Related terms

* tripofóbico

### Further reading

* “tripofobia”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
# įnagis
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From į- (“in”) +‎ nagas (“claw, fingernail”) +‎ -is.

### Pronunciation

IPA: /ˈiːnɐɡʲɪs/

### Noun

į́nagis m (plural į́nagiai) stress pattern 1
* tool, instrument

#### Synonyms

* įrankis m, instrumentas m

#### Derived terms

* įnagė
* įnagingas
* įnagininkas
* įnagiuotas

#### Related terms

* įnagus (“crafty”)

### References

* Wojciech Smoczyński (2018) “įnagis”, in Lithuanian Etymological Dictionary, Berlin, Germany: Peter Lang, →DOI, →ISBN, page 400
* “įnagis”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
# apelatywny
## Polish
### Etymology

From apelatyw +‎ -ny. First attested in 1909.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.pɛ.laˈtɘv.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘvnɘ
* Syllabification: a‧pe‧la‧tyw‧ny

### Adjective

apelatywny (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational, grammar) common noun

#### Related terms

* apelatiwum
* apelatyw
* appellativum

### References

* ↑ apelatywny in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* apelatywny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# kalkulace
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkalkulat͡sɛ]

### Noun

kalkulace f
* calculation

#### Related terms

* kalkul m
* kalkulačka f
* kalkulovat

### Further reading

* “kalkulace”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “kalkulace”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# bakero
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Spanish vaquero, from Vulgar Latin vaccārius (“cowherder, rancher”).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ba‧ke‧ro

### Noun

bakero
* a cowherd; person who herds cattle; a cowboy

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese 馬鹿野郎 (bakayarō, “idiot”). Compare to Singaporean English bakero (“idiot”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bakero/
* Rhymes: -ro, -o
* Hyphenation: ba‧ké‧ro

### Adjective

bakéro
* idiot.

### Further reading

* “bakero” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish vaquero, from Vulgar Latin vaccārius (“cowherder, rancher”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /baˈkeɾo/ [bɐˈxɛː.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -eɾo
* Syllabification: ba‧ke‧ro

### Noun

bakero (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜃᜒᜇᜓ)
* cowboy; cowhand; cowherd (person who herds cattle)
    Synonym: koboy
* cattle dealer
    Synonym: magbabaka

#### Derived terms

* Talang Bakero

#### Related terms

* baka
* bakuna

### References

* “bakero”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# cariño
## Spanish
### Etymology

Uncertain, but possibly via Aragonese cariño, from Latin carere.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈɾiɲo/ [kaˈɾi.ɲo]
* Audio (Latin America):(file)
* Rhymes: -iɲo
* Syllabification: ca‧ri‧ño

### Noun

cariño m (plural cariños)
* affection, fondness
    Synonyms: afecto, amistad, aprecio, estima, querencia
* caress
    Synonyms: caricia, carantoña
* (vocative) dear, darling, honey, love
    Synonyms: amor, cielo, tesoro, vida
    Cariño, ya estoy en casa.Honey, I'm home.
* gift
    Synonyms: dádiva, regalo, obsequio
* wistfulness
    Synonyms: añoranza, nostalgia

#### Usage notes

* This noun does not have a feminine form; even when addressing women, the used form is invariable.

#### Derived terms

* cariñar
* cariñito (diminutive)
* cariñoso
* descariñarse
* descariño
* encariñar

#### Related terms

* caro

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: carinyo
* → Portuguese: carinho

### Further reading

* “cariño”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# potęgowanie
## Polish
### Etymology

From potęgować +‎ -anie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔ.tɛŋ.ɡɔˈva.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɲɛ
* Syllabification: po‧tę‧go‧wa‧nie

### Noun

potęgowanie n
* verbal noun of potęgować
* (arithmetic) exponentiation (process of calculating a power by multiplying together a number of equal factors, where the exponent specifies the number of factors to multiply)

#### Related terms

* potęgowy
* potęga
* do potęgi
* potęgować impf
* spotęgować pf

### Further reading

* potęgowanie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Tarento
## Latin
### Proper noun

Tarentō
* dative/ablative of Tarentum

## Portuguese
### Proper noun

Tarento f
* Taranto (a city and province of Apulia, Italy)

#### Related terms

* tarentino

## Spanish
### Proper noun

Tarento m
* Taranto (a city and province of Apulia, Italy)

#### Related terms

* tarentino
# szwalnia
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʂfal.ɲa/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -alɲa
* Syllabification: szwal‧nia

### Noun

szwalnia f
* sewing factory

#### Related terms

* szwalniczy
* szew
* szwacz
* szwaczka
* szyć

### Further reading

* szwalnia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* szwalnia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# dogłębnie
## Polish
### Etymology

From dogłębny +‎ -ie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔˈɡwɛmb.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛmbɲɛ
* Syllabification: do‧głęb‧nie

### Adverb

dogłębnie (comparative dogłębniej, superlative najdogłębniej)
* in depth, thoroughly, comprehensively

#### Related terms

* dogłębny
* głęboki
* do głębi
* głęboko
* głąb
* głębia
* głębina

### Further reading

* dogłębnie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* dogłębnie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# museografía
## Spanish
### Etymology

From museo (“museum”) +‎ -grafía.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /museoɡɾaˈfia/ [mu.se.o.ɣ̞ɾaˈfi.a]
* Rhymes: -ia
* Syllabification: mu‧se‧o‧gra‧fí‧a

### Noun

museografía f (uncountable)
* museography

#### Usage notes

* Though in English museography and museology are often used as synonyms, in Spanish museología (cognate with museology) refers to the study of museums and their impact in society and to the conservation and cataloging techniques employed at museums, whereas museografía (cognate with museography), refers specifically to the techniques and practices that have to do with the operation and upkeep of a museum.

#### Derived terms

* museográfico
* museógrafo

#### Related terms

* museo
* museología

### Further reading

* “museografía”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# podráždění
## Czech
### Etymology

From podráždit +‎ -ení.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpodraːʒɟɛɲiː]

### Noun

podráždění n
* verbal noun of podráždit
* irritation
    vyvolat podráždění ― to cause irritation

#### Related terms

* podrážděnost
* podrážděný

### Further reading

* “podráždění”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “podráždění”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “podráždění”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# upasarga
## Old Javanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit उपसर्ग (upasarga, “misfortune”). Compare to Old Malay upasargga.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /upa.sar.ɡa/

### Noun

upasarga
* misfortune, trouble, hindrance

#### Derived terms

* inupasarga (“to trouble, to hinder”)
# inhospitable
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French inhospitable, from Medieval Latin inhospitābilis. By surface analysis, in- +‎ hospitable.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌɪnhɒsˈpɪtəbəl/

### Adjective

inhospitable (comparative more inhospitable, superlative most inhospitable)
* (of a person) Not inclined to hospitality; unfriendly. [from 16th c.]
* (of a place) Not offering shelter; barren or forbidding. [from 17th c.]
** 2024 March 20, Chris Howe, “High speed underneath the Chilterns...”, in RAIL, number 1005, page 33:Yet despite sounding inhospitable, grasslands such as this are home to a huge variety of smaller herbs and wildflowers, including some of the UK's rarest orchids and invertebrates, in addition to being home to butterfly species such as the Chalkhill Blue.

#### Derived terms

* inhospitability
* inhospitableness
* inhospitably
# altosome
## English
### Etymology

From alto- +‎ -some.

### Noun

altosome (plural altosomes)
* (genetics) An asymmetric structure of nucleosomes produced by modifying a polynucleosomal array.

#### Derived terms

* altosomal
# kimnąć
## Polish
### Etymology

From kimać +‎ -nąć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkim.nɔɲt͡ɕ/
* Audio 1; “kimnąć”:(file)
* Audio 2; “kimnąć się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -imnɔɲt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: kim‧nąć

### Verb

kimnąć pf (imperfective kimać)
* (intransitive or reflexive with się, slang) to sleep, to take a nap
    Synonym: zdrzemnąć się

#### Related terms

* kimono

### Further reading

* kimnąć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kimnąć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# nietrzeźwy
## Polish
### Etymology

From nie- +‎ trzeźwy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲɛˈtʂɛʑ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛʑvɘ
* Syllabification: nie‧trzeź‧wy

### Adjective

nietrzeźwy (comparative bardziej nietrzeźwy, superlative najbardziej nietrzeźwy, derived adverb nietrzeźwo)
* drunk (intoxicated after drinking too much alcohol)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:pijany
    Antonym: trzeźwy

#### Declension
### Noun

nietrzeźwy m pers (female equivalent nietrzeźwa)
* drunk (one who is drunk)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:pijany
    Antonym: trzeźwy

#### Derived terms

* nietrzeźwość

### Further reading

* nietrzeźwy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* nietrzeźwy in Polish dictionaries at PWN