OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# vindicar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vindicāre (“avenge, claim”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [bin.diˈka]
* IPA: (Balearic) [vin.diˈka]
* IPA: (Valencia) [vin.diˈkaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

vindicar (first-person singular present vindico, first-person singular preterite vindiquí, past participle vindicat)
* (transitive) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Conjugation
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vindicāre (“avenge, claim”). Compare the inherited vengar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bindiˈkaɾ/ [bĩn̪.d̪iˈkaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: vin‧di‧car

### Verb

vindicar (first-person singular present vindico, first-person singular preterite vindiqué, past participle vindicado)
* (transitive) to vindicate

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* reivindicar
* vindicación
* vindicador
* vindicativo
* vindicatorio

### Further reading

* “vindicar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# মেষ
## Bengali
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit মেষ (meṣa). Compare Assamese মেষ (mex), Odia ମେଷ (mesha), Hindustani میش / मेष (meṣ).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /meʃ/, [ˈmeːʃ], [ˈmeʃ]
    Audio:(file)
* (Dhaka) IPA: /meʃ/, [ˈmeːʃ], [ˈmeʃ]

### Noun

মেষ • (meś) (feminine মেষী (meśi))
* sheep
* ram
* (astrology) Aries

#### Derived terms

* মেষতুল্য (meśotullo)
* মেষপাল (meśpal)
* মেষপালক (meśpalok)
* মেষপালন (meśpalon)
* মেষবৎ (meśbot)
* মেষমাংস (meśmaṅśo)
* মেষশাবক (meśśabok)

### References

* Subhasha Bhattacarya, Sailendra Biswas, Sailendra Biswas, and Jnanendramohana Dasa (2022) “মেষ”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Bengali Dictionaries]
# przysmaczać
## Polish
### Etymology

From przysmaczyć +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɘˈsma.t͡ʂat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at͡ʂat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: przy‧sma‧czać

### Verb

przysmaczać impf (perfective przysmaczyć)
* (transitive, rare, cooking) Synonym of przyprawiać (“to season”) [with instrumental ‘with what’] (to flavour food)
* (transitive, dated) Synonym of okraszać (“to sprinkle”) [with instrumental ‘with what’] (to supplement something with some additional element in such a way that the final effect of the whole is better or causes a stronger impression on the recipient)

#### Related terms

* przysmaczek
* przysmak

### Further reading

* przysmaczać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* przysmaczać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# vyslýchat
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech vyslýchati.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɪsliːxat]

### Verb

vyslýchat impf (perfective vyslechnout)
* to interrogate, to question

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | vyslýchat, vyslýchati | Active adjective | vyslýchající |
| Verbal noun | vyslýchání | Passive adjective | vyslýchaný |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | vyslýchám | vyslýcháme | — | vyslýchejme |
| 2nd person | vyslýcháš | vyslýcháte | vyslýchej | vyslýchejte |
| 3rd person | vyslýchá | vyslýchají | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive vyslýchat.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | vyslýchal | vyslýchali | vyslýchán | vyslýcháni |
| masculine inanimate | vyslýchal | vyslýchaly | vyslýchán | vyslýchány |
| feminine | vyslýchala | vyslýchaly | vyslýchána | vyslýchány |
| neuter | vyslýchalo | vyslýchala | vyslýcháno | vyslýchána |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | vyslýchaje | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | vyslýchajíc | — |
| plural | vyslýchajíce | — |

#### Related terms

* výslech m

### Further reading

* “vyslýchati”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “vyslýchati”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “vyslýchat”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# resquebrajar
## Spanish
### Etymology

From re- (“very”) +‎ quebrar (“to break”), from Latin crepāre (“crack, creak”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /reskebɾaˈxaɾ/ [res.ke.β̞ɾaˈxaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: res‧que‧bra‧jar

### Verb

resquebrajar (first-person singular present resquebrajo, first-person singular preterite resquebrajé, past participle resquebrajado)
* to crack

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* resquebrajadizo
* resquebrajador
* resquebrajadura
* resquebrajamiento
* resquebrajo
* resquebrajoso

#### Related terms

* agrietar
* grieta

### Further reading

* “resquebrajar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# chrypka
## Polish
### Etymology

From chrypa +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxrɘp.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘpka
* Syllabification: chryp‧ka

### Noun

chrypka f
* (medicine) dysphonia, hoarse voice, hoarseness

#### Related terms

* chrypliwy
* chrypły
* ochrypły
* ochrypnięty
* zachrypły
* zachrypnięty
* chrypliwie
* ochryple
* chrypa
* chrypliwość
* ochrypłość
* chrypieć
* chrypnąć
* ochrypnąć
* zachrypieć
* zachrypnąć

### Further reading

* chrypka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* chrypka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# acetylgalactosamine
## English
### Etymology

From acetyl +‎ galactosamine.

### Noun

acetylgalactosamine (plural acetylgalactosamines)
* (organic chemistry) The N-acetyl derivative of galactosamine, which is a repeat unit in glycosaminoglycans.

#### Derived terms

* acetylgalactosaminyl

#### Related terms

* acetylgalactosamide
# kissing
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɪs.ɪŋ/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English kissynge, cussinde, from Old English cyssende, from Proto-West Germanic *kussijandī, from Proto-Germanic *kussijandz, equivalent to kiss +‎ -ing. Cognate with Saterland Frisian küsjend, Dutch kussend, German Low German küssend, German küssend, Swedish kyssande, Icelandic kyssandi.

#### Verb

kissing
* present participle and gerund of kiss

#### Adjective

kissing (not comparable)
* That kisses; engaged in a kiss or kissing.
* Just touching.

### Etymology 2

From Middle English kissynge, kyssynge, kessinge, from Old English *cyssing, from Proto-West Germanic *kussīngu, equivalent to kiss +‎ -ing. Cognate with Middle Dutch cussinge (whence Dutch kussing (“kissing”)), Middle Low German küssinge (“kissing”), Middle High German küssunge (“kissing”). Compare also Old English cossettung (“kissing”).

#### Noun

kissing (countable and uncountable, plural kissings)
* The act of giving a kiss or making out.
** 1844, Catharine Maria Sedgwick, Tales and Sketches:There began to be some movement preparatory to the resumption of our journey, and, after many huggings and kissings, the family parted, and the wagon drove off […]

##### Translations
### Derived terms

* ass kissing
* ass-kissing
* baby kissing
* French kissing
* kissing ball
* kissing booth
* kissing bug
* kissing-bunch
* kissing comfit
* kissing cousin
* kissing-crust
* kissing dance
* kissing disease
* kissing gate
* kissing goes by favor
* kissing gourami
* kissing kin
* kissing number
* kissing string

## Middle English
### Noun

kissing
* Alternative form of kissynge
# 上山下鄉
## Chinese

| | | to climb a mountain or a hill; to die and be buried | to go to the countryside |
| trad. (上山下鄉) | trad. (上山下鄉) | 上山 | 下鄉 |
| simp. (上山下乡) | simp. (上山下乡) | 上山 | 下乡 |
* 上山下鄉

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Shàngshānxiàxiāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄤˋ ㄕㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng$^5$ saan$^1$ haa$^6$ hoeng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Shàngshānxiàxiāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄤˋ ㄕㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Shàngshansiàsiang
*** Wade–Giles: Shang$^4$-shan$^1$-hsia$^4$-hsiang$^1$
*** Yale: Shàng-shān-syà-syāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shanqshanshiahshiang
*** Palladius: Шаншаньсясян (Šanšanʹsjasjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^5$ saan$^1$ haa$^6$ hoeng$^1$
*** Yale: séuhng sāan hah hēung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^5$ saan$^1$ haa$^6$ hoeng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^5$ san$^1$ ha$^6$ hêng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ¹³ saːn⁵⁵ haː²² hœːŋ⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

上山下鄉
* (historical) Up to the Mountains and Down to the Countryside Movement
# gargarizar
## Spanish
### Verb

gargarizar (first-person singular present gargarizo, first-person singular preterite gargaricé, past participle gargarizado)
* to gargle

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Related terms

* gárgara

### Further reading

* “gargarizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# slyšitelný
## Czech
### Etymology

From slyšet +‎ -telný.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈslɪʃɪtɛlniː]

### Adjective

slyšitelný (comparative slyšitelnější, superlative nejslyšitelnější, adverb slyšitelně)
* audible, hearable
    Antonyms: neslyšný, neslyšitelný
    slyšitelný zvuk ― audible sound
    těžko slyšitelný ― hard of hearing

#### Related terms

* sluch m
* slyšet
* slyšitelnost f

### Further reading

* “slyšitelný”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “slyšitelný”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “slyšitelný”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# šestý
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech šestý, from Proto-Slavic *šestъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃɛstiː]

### Adjective

šestý
* sixth

#### Related terms

* šest

### Further reading

* “šestý”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “šestý”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “šestý”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Old Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šestъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈʃɛstɨː/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈʃɛstiː/, /ˈʃɛstɛj/

### Numeral

šestý
* sixth

#### Descendants

* Czech: šestý

### References

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “šestý”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# evanxeo
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* avanxeo

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese evangeo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria). A semi-leaned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin ēvangelium, from Ancient Greek εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion, “good news”). Compare Portuguese evangelho.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ebanˈʃeo/ [e.β̞anʲˈʃe.ʊ]
* Rhymes: -eo
* Hyphenation: e‧van‧xeo

### Noun

evanxeo m (plural evanxeos)
* gospel
** c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 765:o que jurou sobre os santos auangeos todo o a ia quebrantadoall that he swore on the Holy Gospel, all he has broken already

#### Related terms

* evanxélico
* evanxelista
* evanxelizar

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “avangeo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “uangeo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “evanxeo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “evanxeo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

### Further reading

* “evanxeo”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
# nieczysty
## Polish
### Etymology

From nie- +‎ czysty.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲɛˈt͡ʂɘs.tɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘstɘ
* Syllabification: nie‧czys‧ty

### Adjective

nieczysty (comparative bardziej nieczysty, superlative najbardziej nieczysty, derived adverb nieczysto)
* unclean, untidy, dirty
    Synonyms: brudny, niechlujny, nieporządny
    Antonyms: czysty, schludny
* impure, unchaste, defiled
* unscrupulous, immoral, shady, louche
    Synonyms: niemoralny, nieuczciwy, podejrzany
* indistinct, unclear, blurred, hazy
    Synonyms: nieostry, niewyrazisty, niewyraźny, rozmyty, zamazany
    Antonyms: ostry, wyrazisty, wyraźny

#### Derived terms

* nieczystość

### Further reading

* nieczysty in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* nieczysty in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ꦥꦿꦗꦸꦫꦶꦠ꧀
## Javanese
### Etymology

Affixed ꦗꦸꦫꦶꦠ꧀ (jurit) +‎ ꦥꦿ- (pra-), inherited from Old Javanese prajurit (“warrior, soldier”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pra.d͡ʒu.rɪt/
* Rhymes: -rɪt
* Hyphenation: pra‧ju‧rit

### Noun

ꦥꦿꦗꦸꦫꦶꦠ꧀ (prajurit)
* soldier, troop.
    Synonyms: ꦧꦭ (bala), ꦱꦫꦝꦝꦸ (saradhadhu)

#### Derived terms

* ꦏꦥꦿꦗꦸꦫꦶꦠꦤ꧀ (kaprajuritan)
* ꦥꦿꦗꦸꦫꦶꦠꦤ꧀ (prajuritan)

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: prajurit

### Further reading

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2011) “prajurit”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), 2nd edition, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
# engill dauðans
## Icelandic
### Etymology

Literally, “angel of death”.

### Noun

engill dauðans m (genitive singular engils dauðans, no plural)
* [the] angel of death
** Dr. Josef Mengele, sem gekk undir nafninu Engill dauðans, var læknir í illræmdum útrýmingarbúðum nasista.Dr. Josef Mengele, who was called the angel of death, was a doctor at the infamous concentration camps of the Nazis.
# perdonable
## Spanish
### Etymology

From perdonar +‎ -able.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /peɾdoˈnable/ [peɾ.ð̞oˈna.β̞le]
* Rhymes: -able
* Syllabification: per‧do‧na‧ble

### Adjective

perdonable m or f (masculine and feminine plural perdonables)
* forgivable, pardonable
    Antonym: imperdonable

#### Derived terms

* imperdonable

### Further reading

* “perdonable”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# spiek
## Polish
### Etymology

Deverbal from spiekać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈspjɛk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛk
* Syllabification: spiek

### Noun

spiek m inan
* alloy, sinter (mass formed by sintering)
    Synonym: aglomerat

#### Related terms

* spiec
* spiekać

### Further reading

* spiek in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# devátý
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech devátý, from Proto-Slavic *devętъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdɛvaːtiː]

### Adjective

devátý
* ninth

#### Related terms

* devět

### Further reading

* “devátý”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “devátý”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “devátý”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# falsedad
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin falsitātem. By surface analysis, falso +‎ -edad.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /falseˈdad/ [fal.seˈð̞að̞]
* Rhymes: -ad
* Syllabification: fal‧se‧dad

### Noun

falsedad f (plural falsedades)
* untruth, falsehood, untruism
    Antonym: verdad

#### Derived terms

* incurrir en falsedad

#### Related terms

* falso

### Further reading

* “falsedad”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# quejido
## Spanish
### Etymology

From quejar +‎ -ido.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /keˈxido/ [keˈxi.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -ido
* Syllabification: que‧ji‧do

### Noun

quejido m (plural quejidos)
* groan
    Synonym: gemido
* whimper; whine
    Synonym: lloriqueo
* yip, yap, yelp
    Synonym: aullido

#### Derived terms

* quejío

### Further reading

* “quejido”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# przesiąkać
## Polish
### Etymology

From prze- +‎ siąkać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɛˈɕɔŋ.kat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔŋkat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: prze‧sią‧kać

### Verb

przesiąkać impf (perfective przesiąknąć)
* (intransitive, of liquids) to seep through, to soak through
    Synonyms: przemakać, przemiękać, przesączać się
* (intransitive) to be permeated, to be saturated
    Synonyms: przechodzić, przenikać, wędzić się
* (intransitive, figurative) to imbibe, to soak in
    Synonym: nasiąkać

#### Derived terms

* przesiąk
* przesiąkra

#### Related terms

* przesiąkalny
* przesiąkliwy
* przesiąkły
* przesiąknięty
* przesiąkowy
* przesiąkliwość

### Further reading

* przesiąkać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* przesiąkać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# papular
## English
### Etymology

From papule +‎ -ar.

### Adjective

papular (comparative more papular, superlative most papular)
* Of a shape similar to a papule.
* Consisting of papules; characterized by the presence of papules.
    a papular eruption

#### Derived terms

* bovine papular stomatitis
* maculopapular
* micropapular
* nonpapular
* papular purpuric gloves and socks syndrome
# Минобрнауки
## Russian
### Etymology

мин (min, “ministry”) +‎ обр (obr, “education”) +‎ нау́ки (naúki, “sciences”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [mʲɪˌnobrnɐˈukʲɪ]

### Proper noun

Мино̀брнау́ки • (Minòbrnaúki) n inan (indeclinable)
* The Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Russia): a Russian federal executive body responsible for state control over scientific institutions and higher-level education in Russia.
# astucia
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* astrucia, estrucia

### Etymology

Attested since 1807. From Latin astūtia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [asˈtuθjɐ], (western) [asˈtusjɐ]

### Noun

astucia f (plural astucias)
* cunning, astuteness
* trick; stratagem
* sign
* antics

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “astucia”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “astucia”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “astucia”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin astutia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /asˈtuθja/ [asˈt̪u.θja]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /asˈtusja/ [asˈt̪u.sja]
* Rhymes: -uθja
* Rhymes: -usja
* Syllabification: as‧tu‧cia

### Noun

astucia f (plural astucias)
* cunning, guile, slyness, craftiness, cunningness, wiliness, canniness
* astuteness

#### Derived terms

* astucia en el juego (“gamesmanship”)

#### Related terms

* astuto

### Further reading

* “astucia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# prymuta
## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Derived from la:prīmus?”)

### Pronunciation

* (Greater Poland):
** (Kociewie) IPA: /prɘˈmu.ta/

### Noun

prymuta f
* (Kociewie, often derogatory) Synonym of duma (“pride”)

#### Derived terms

* prymutny

### Further reading

* Gustaw Pobłocki (1887) “prymuta”, in Słownik kaszubski z dodatkiem idyotyzmów chełmińskich i kociewskich (in Polish), 2 edition, Chełmno, page 156
# Tumbiscatío
## Spanish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tumbiskaˈtio/ [t̪ũm.bis.kaˈt̪i.o]
* Rhymes: -io
* Syllabification: Tum‧bis‧ca‧tí‧o

### Proper noun

Tumbiscatío m
* Tumbiscatío (a municipality of Michoacán, Mexico)

#### Derived terms

* tumbiscatillense
# quincenal
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /kinθeˈnal/ [kĩn̟.θeˈnal]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /kinseˈnal/ [kĩn.seˈnal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: quin‧ce‧nal

### Adjective

quincenal m or f (masculine and feminine plural quincenales)
* twice a month

#### Derived terms

* quincenalmente

### Further reading

* “quincenal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# frondoso
## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin frondōsus.

### Adjective

frondoso (feminine frondosa, masculine plural frondosi, feminine plural frondose)
* leafy

#### Derived terms

* frondosità

#### Related terms

* fronda

## Latin
### Adjective

frondōsō
* dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of frondōsus

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin frondōsus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɾõˈdo.zu/
* Hyphenation: fron‧do‧so

### Adjective

frondoso (feminine frondosa, masculine plural frondosos, feminine plural frondosas, metaphonic)
* leafy (covered with leaves)

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin frondōsus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɾonˈdoso/ [fɾõn̪ˈd̪o.so]
* Rhymes: -oso
* Syllabification: fron‧do‧so

### Adjective

frondoso (feminine frondosa, masculine plural frondosos, feminine plural frondosas)
* leafy, luxuriant
* bushy (beard, hair)
* plentiful; abundant

#### Derived terms

* frondosamente
* frondosidad

#### Related terms

* fronda
* fronde

### Further reading

* “frondoso”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# szigorú
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Possibly derived from an unattested verb szigor +‎ -ú.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsiɡoruː]
* Hyphenation: szi‧go‧rú
* Rhymes: -ruː

### Adjective

szigorú (comparative szigorúbb, superlative legszigorúbb)
* severe, strict
    Antonym: enyhe

#### Derived terms

* szigorúan
* szigorúság

#### Related terms

* szigor → szigorít, szigorodik

### References

* ↑ szigorú in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* szigorú in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# -рек
## Kazakh
### Alternative forms

* -рақ (-raq), -ірек (-ırek), -ырақ (-yraq)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-rek. A cognate with Kyrgyz -реек (-reyek), Turkmen -räk, Uzbek -roq.

### Suffix

-рек • (-rek)
* -er (Used to form the comparative form)
    ‎үлкен (ülken, “big”) + ‎-рек (-rek) → ‎үлкенірек (ülkenırek, “bigger”)