# artus
## Latin
### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Italic *artos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥-tó-s (“fitted”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join, fit (together)”). Cognates include Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right, etc.”) and Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬀 (aṣ̌a, “truth”).

#### Alternative forms

* arctus (erroneous)

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈar.tus/, [ˈärt̪ʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈar.tus/, [ˈärt̪us]

#### Adjective

artus (feminine arta, neuter artum, comparative artior, superlative artissimus); first/second-declension adjective
* narrow, close, fitted, confined, dense
* (figuratively) severe, strict, scanty, brief

##### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

##### Synonyms

* (narrow): angustus

##### Derived terms

* artē
* artiō
* artō
* artum

##### Descendants

* Italian: arto

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Italic *artus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r-tú-s (“that which is fit together; juncture, ordering”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join, fit (together)”) (and thus ultimately from the same root as the "close" sense of Etymology 1).
Cognates include Sanskrit ऋतु (ṛtú, “right time, order, rule”), Ancient Greek ἀρτύς (artús, “arranging, arrangement”) and Old Armenian արդ (ard, “ornament, shape”). From the same root also ars, artis (“art”) and arma (“armor”).

#### Noun

artus m (genitive artūs); fourth declension
* (anatomy, usually in the plural) a joint
* (figuratively) sinew, strength, power
* (poetic) the limbs

##### Declension

Fourth-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -ubus).
* Notes: As if neuter, the plural form artua is also found.

##### Derived terms

* articulus
* artuātim
* artuātus

##### Descendants

* Italian: arto

### References

* ↑ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “artus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 55-6
* 1 2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “artus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 55-6

### Further reading

* “artus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “artus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* artus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* artus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to tremble in every limb: omnibus artubus contremiscere to fall fast asleep: artus somnus aliquem complectitur (Rep. 6. 10) (ambiguous) to sleep soundly (from fatigue): arte, graviter dormire (ex lassitudine) (ambiguous) theoretical, speculative philosophy: philosophia, quae in rerum contemplatione versatur, or quae artis praeceptis continetur (ambiguous) to have been reduced to a system: arte conclusum esse (ambiguous) to be very intimately related: arte (artissime) coniunctum esse (ambiguous) a work of art: artis opus; opus arte factum or perfectum (ambiguous) the rules of art; aesthetics: artis praecepta, or also simply ars (ambiguous) a connoisseur; a specialist: (artis, artium) intellegens, peritus (opp. idiota, a layman) (ambiguous) to be very eloquent: dicendi arte florere

## Latvian
### Participle

artus
* accusative plural masculine of arts