OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# rotación
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* rotaçom, rotação (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin rotatio, rotationem.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

rotación f (plural rotacións)
* rotation

### Further reading

* “rotación”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rotātiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /rotaˈθjon/ [ro.t̪aˈθjõn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /rotaˈsjon/ [ro.t̪aˈsjõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: ro‧ta‧ción

### Noun

rotación f (plural rotaciones)
* rotation

#### Derived terms

* movimiento de rotación
* rotación de cultivos

#### Related terms

* rotar

### Further reading

* “rotación”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# útilmente
## Spanish
### Etymology

From útil +‎ -mente.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌutilˈmente/ [ˌu.t̪ilˈmẽn̪.t̪e]
* Rhymes: -ente
* Syllabification: ú‧til‧men‧te

### Adverb

útilmente
* usefully
    Antonym: inútilmente

#### Related terms

* útil
* útiles
* utilidad

### Further reading

* “útilmente”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# rozgniewać
## Polish
### Etymology

From roz- +‎ gniewać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɔzˈɡɲɛ.vat͡ɕ/
* Audio 1; “rozgniewać”:(file)
* Audio 2; “rozgniewać się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: roz‧gnie‧wać

### Verb

rozgniewać pf (imperfective gniewać)
* (transitive) to anger
* (reflexive with się) to get or become angry

#### Related terms

* gniew
* gniewny

### Further reading

* rozgniewać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* rozgniewać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# 拝見
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 拝 | 見 |
| はい Grade: 6 | けん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 拜見 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はいけん [hàíkéń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ha̠ikẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

拝(はい)見(けん) • (haiken)
* (humble) seeing

### Verb

拝(はい)見(けん)する • (haiken suru) suru (stem 拝(はい)見(けん)し (haiken shi), past 拝(はい)見(けん)した (haiken shita))
* (humble) look (at)

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 拝見し | はいけんし | haiken shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 拝見し | はいけんし | haiken shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 拝見する | はいけんする | haiken suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 拝見する | はいけんする | haiken suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 拝見すれ | はいけんすれ | haiken sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 拝見せよ¹ 拝見しろ² | はいけんせよ¹ はいけんしろ² | haiken seyo¹ haiken shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 拝見される | はいけんされる | haiken sareru |
| Causative | 拝見させる 拝見さす | はいけんさせる はいけんさす | haiken saseru haiken sasu |
| Potential | 拝見できる | はいけんできる | haiken dekiru |
| Volitional | 拝見しよう | はいけんしよう | haiken shiyō |
| Negative | 拝見しない | はいけんしない | haiken shinai |
| Negative continuative | 拝見せず | はいけんせず | haiken sezu |
| Formal | 拝見します | はいけんします | haiken shimasu |
| Perfective | 拝見した | はいけんした | haiken shita |
| Conjunctive | 拝見して | はいけんして | haiken shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 拝見すれば | はいけんすれば | haiken sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Related terms

* 拝聴(はいちょう) (haichō)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# patriark
## Danish
### Noun

patriark c (singular definite patriarken, plural indefinite patriarker)
* patriarch
    Coordinate term: matriark

#### Further reading

* “patriark” in Den Danske Ordbog
* “patriark” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch patriarch, from Late Latin patriarcha, from Byzantine Greek πατριάρχης (patriárkhēs, “the founder of the tribe/family”), from Ancient Greek πατριά (patriá, “generation, ancestry, descent, tribe, family”) + -άρχης (-árkhēs, “-arch”). Doublet of batrik.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pat̚ˈri.ark]
* Hyphenation: pat‧ri‧ark

### Noun

patriark (plural patriark-patriark)
* patriarch,
** father, the male head of a tribal line or family.
** a founder of a political or religious movement, an organization or an enterprise.
** an old leader of a village or community.
    Synonym: datuk
** (Christianity) the highest form of bishop, in the ancient world having authority over other bishops in the province but now generally as an honorary title; in Roman Catholicism, considered a bishop second only to the Pope in rank.

#### Alternative forms

* batrik

#### Related terms

* patriarkal
* patriarkat
* patriarki
* patriarkis

### Further reading

* “patriark” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Swedish patriarke, from Latin patriarcha.

### Noun

patriark c
* a patriarch, a male ancestor; Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and Jacob's 12 sons in the Old Testament; a high bishop in the orthodox church; a male dominant leader

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | patriark | patriarks |
| singular | definite | patriarken | patriarkens |
| plural | indefinite | patriarker | patriarkers |
| plural | definite | patriarkerna | patriarkernas |

#### Related terms

* patriarkal
* patriarkat
* patriarkskägg
* patriarkutseende

### References

* patriark in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* patriark in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# pochopitelně
## Czech
### Etymology

From pochopitelný +‎ -ě.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpoxopɪtɛlɲɛ]

### Adverb

pochopitelně (comparative pochopitelněji, superlative nejpochopitelněji)
* understandably
    Antonym: nepochopitelně

#### Related terms

* pochopitelný

### Further reading

* “pochopitelně”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “pochopitelně”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “pochopitelně”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# cenar
## Italian
### Verb

cenar (apocopated)
* Apocopic form of cenare

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin cēnāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /θeˈnaɾ/ [θeˈnaɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /seˈnaɾ/ [seˈnaɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: ce‧nar

### Verb

cenar (first-person singular present ceno, first-person singular preterite cené, past participle cenado)
* to dine; to have supper; to have a lavish meal

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Derived terms

* cenador

#### Related terms

* cena

### Further reading

* “cenar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* carne, crean, nacer, renca
# cuadra
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkwadɾa/ [ˈkwa.ð̞ɾa]
* Rhymes: -adɾa
* Syllabification: cua‧dra

### Etymology 1

From Latin quadra.

#### Noun

cuadra f (plural cuadras)
* (Latin America) city block
    Synonym: manzana
* stable
    Synonym: establo
* ward; dormitory
* (Latin America) a unit of length and area, roughly equivalent to 100 meters or 1 hectare, respectively, although the exact size differs from country to country

##### Derived terms

* mozo de cuadra

##### Descendants

* → Tagalog: kuwadra

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

cuadra
* inflection of cuadrar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* “cuadra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# existency
## English
### Noun

existency (countable and uncountable, plural existencies)
* Archaic form of existence.
** a. 1677 (date written), Matthew Hale, The Primitive Origination of Mankind, Considered and Examined According to the Light of Nature, London: […] William Godbid, for William Shrowsbery, […], published 1677, →OCLC:variety of states or manner of existency naturally and necessarily concomitant unto it

#### Derived terms

* preexistency
# nyhtö
## Finnish
### Etymology

nyhtää +‎ -ö

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnyhtø/, [ˈnyçt̪ø̞]
* Rhymes: -yhtø
* Hyphenation: nyh‧tö

### Noun

nyhtö
* Synonym of nyhtäminen

#### Declension

Possessive forms of nyhtö (Kotus type 1*F/valo, t-d gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
nyhtöni
nyhtöni
accusative
nom.
nyhtöni
nyhtöni
gen.
nyhtöni
genitive
nyhtöni
nyhtöjeni
partitive
nyhtöäni
nyhtöjäni
inessive
nyhdössäni
nyhdöissäni
elative
nyhdöstäni
nyhdöistäni
illative
nyhtööni
nyhtöihini
adessive
nyhdölläni
nyhdöilläni
ablative
nyhdöltäni
nyhdöiltäni
allative
nyhdölleni
nyhdöilleni
essive
nyhtönäni
nyhtöinäni
translative
nyhdökseni
nyhdöikseni
abessive
nyhdöttäni
nyhdöittäni
instructive
comitative
—nyhtöineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
nyhtösi
nyhtösi
accusative
nom.
nyhtösi
nyhtösi
gen.
nyhtösi
genitive
nyhtösi
nyhtöjesi
partitive
nyhtöäsi
nyhtöjäsi
inessive
nyhdössäsi
nyhdöissäsi
elative
nyhdöstäsi
nyhdöistäsi
illative
nyhtöösi
nyhtöihisi
adessive
nyhdölläsi
nyhdöilläsi
ablative
nyhdöltäsi
nyhdöiltäsi
allative
nyhdöllesi
nyhdöillesi
essive
nyhtönäsi
nyhtöinäsi
translative
nyhdöksesi
nyhdöiksesi
abessive
nyhdöttäsi
nyhdöittäsi
instructive
comitative
—nyhtöinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
nyhtömme
nyhtömme
accusative
nom.
nyhtömme
nyhtömme
gen.
nyhtömme
genitive
nyhtömme
nyhtöjemme
partitive
nyhtöämme
nyhtöjämme
inessive
nyhdössämme
nyhdöissämme
elative
nyhdöstämme
nyhdöistämme
illative
nyhtöömme
nyhtöihimme
adessive
nyhdöllämme
nyhdöillämme
ablative
nyhdöltämme
nyhdöiltämme
allative
nyhdöllemme
nyhdöillemme
essive
nyhtönämme
nyhtöinämme
translative
nyhdöksemme
nyhdöiksemme
abessive
nyhdöttämme
nyhdöittämme
instructive
comitative
—nyhtöinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
nyhtönne
nyhtönne
accusative
nom.
nyhtönne
nyhtönne
gen.
nyhtönne
genitive
nyhtönne
nyhtöjenne
partitive
nyhtöänne
nyhtöjänne
inessive
nyhdössänne
nyhdöissänne
elative
nyhdöstänne
nyhdöistänne
illative
nyhtöönne
nyhtöihinne
adessive
nyhdöllänne
nyhdöillänne
ablative
nyhdöltänne
nyhdöiltänne
allative
nyhdöllenne
nyhdöillenne
essive
nyhtönänne
nyhtöinänne
translative
nyhdöksenne
nyhdöiksenne
abessive
nyhdöttänne
nyhdöittänne
instructive
comitative
—nyhtöinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
nyhtönsä
nyhtönsä
accusative
nom.
nyhtönsä
nyhtönsä
gen.
nyhtönsä
genitive
nyhtönsä
nyhtöjensä
partitive
nyhtöään nyhtöänsä
nyhtöjään nyhtöjänsä
inessive
nyhdössään nyhdössänsä
nyhdöissään nyhdöissänsä
elative
nyhdöstään nyhdöstänsä
nyhdöistään nyhdöistänsä
illative
nyhtöönsä
nyhtöihinsä
adessive
nyhdöllään nyhdöllänsä
nyhdöillään nyhdöillänsä
ablative
nyhdöltään nyhdöltänsä
nyhdöiltään nyhdöiltänsä
allative
nyhdölleen nyhdöllensä
nyhdöilleen nyhdöillensä
essive
nyhtönään nyhtönänsä
nyhtöinään nyhtöinänsä
translative
nyhdökseen nyhdöksensä
nyhdöikseen nyhdöiksensä
abessive
nyhdöttään nyhdöttänsä
nyhdöittään nyhdöittänsä
instructive
comitative
—nyhtöineen nyhtöinensä :

#### Derived terms

* nyhtökaura
* nyhtöpossu
# Burgkunstädterin
## German
### Etymology

From Burgkunstädter +‎ -in.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bʊʁkˈkʊnˌʃtɛtəʁɪn]
* Hyphenation: Burg‧kun‧städ‧te‧rin

### Noun

Burgkunstädterin f (genitive Burgkunstädterin, plural Burgkunstädterinnen, masculine Burgkunstädter)
* (demonym) a female native or inhabitant of Burgkunstadt
# publishing
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpʌblɪʃɪŋ/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Hyphenation: pub‧lish‧ing

### Noun

publishing (countable and uncountable, plural publishings)
* The industry of publishing, including the production and distribution of books, magazines, web sites, newspapers, etc.
* Something published; a publication.
** 2002, Elizabeth Blades-Zeller, A Spectrum of Voices:I read as much as I can: Journal of Singing, the Journal of Research in Singing, and the publishings of the Voice Foundation.

#### Derived terms

* database publishing
* desktop publishing
* electronic publishing
* e-publishing
* publishing date
* publishing house
* salami publishing
* self-publishing
* vanity publishing

#### Translations
### Verb

publishing
* present participle and gerund of publish
# kleszczyć
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* kleścić, kleśnić

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *klěščiti. By surface analysis, kleszcze +‎ -yć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈklɛʂ.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛʂt͡ʂɘt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: klesz‧czyć

### Verb

kleszczyć impf
* (transitive) Synonym of trzebić (“to geld”) (to remove genital glands from breeding animals)

#### Derived terms

* kleszczeniec
* wkleszczyć pf
* zakleszczać impf, zakleszczyć pf

#### Related terms

* kleszczowaty
* kleszczowy
* kleszcz

### Further reading

* kleszczyć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “kleszczyć”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 358
* Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “kleszcze”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
# marinar
## Interlingua
### Verb

marinar
* to marinate

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | marinar | marinar |
| participle | participle | present | perfect |
| participle | participle | marinante | marinate |
| active | | simple | perfect |
| active | present | marina | ha marinate |
| active | past | marinava | habeva marinate |
| active | future | marinara | habera marinate |
| active | conditional | marinarea | haberea marinate |
| active | imperative | marina | |
| passive | | simple | perfect |
| passive | present | es marinate | ha essite marinate |
| passive | past | esseva marinate | habeva essite marinate |
| passive | future | essera marinate | habera essite marinate |
| passive | conditional | esserea marinate | haberea essite marinate |
| passive | imperative | sia marinate | |

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

marinar m
* indefinite plural of marine

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ma.ɾiˈna(ʁ)/ [ma.ɾiˈna(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ma.ɾiˈna(ʁ)/ [ma.ɾiˈna(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ma.ɾiˈna(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ma.ɾiˈna(ʁ)/ [ma.ɾiˈna(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ma.ɾiˈna(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mɐ.ɾiˈnaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mɐ.ɾiˈnaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /mɐ.ɾiˈna.ɾi/

### Verb

marinar (first-person singular present marino, first-person singular preterite marinei, past participle marinado)
* to marinate (to soak in marinade)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian marinaro, compare also Greek μαρινάρης (marináris).

### Noun

marinar m (plural marinari)
* sailor

#### Related terms

* marin
* marină

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French mariner, from Italian marinare, ultimately from Latin (aqua) marīna (“brine”, literally “sea water”), from marīnus (“marine, of the sea”), from mare (“sea”), from Proto-Indo-European *móri.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maɾiˈnaɾ/ [ma.ɾiˈnaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: ma‧ri‧nar

### Verb

marinar (first-person singular present marino, first-person singular preterite mariné, past participle marinado)
* to marinate, to marinade

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* salsa marinara

### Further reading

* “marinar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# vyhradit
## Czech
### Etymology

From vy- +‎ hradit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɪɦraɟɪt]

### Verb

vyhradit pf (imperfective vyhrazovat)
* to reserve

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | vyhradit, vyhraditi | Active adjective | vyhradivší |
| Verbal noun | vyhrazení | Passive adjective | vyhrazený |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | vyhradím | vyhradíme | — | vyhraďme |
| 2nd person | vyhradíš | vyhradíte | vyhraď | vyhraďte |
| 3rd person | vyhradí | vyhradí | — | — |
* The verb vyhradit does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | vyhradil | vyhradili | vyhrazen | vyhrazeni |
| masculine inanimate | vyhradil | vyhradily | vyhrazen | vyhrazeny |
| feminine | vyhradila | vyhradily | vyhrazena | vyhrazeny |
| neuter | vyhradilo | vyhradila | vyhrazeno | vyhrazena |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | — | vyhradiv |
| feminine + neuter singular | — | vyhradivši |
| plural | — | vyhradivše |

#### Related terms

* vyhrazený m
* výhrada f

### Further reading

* “vyhraditi”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “vyhraditi”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “vyhradit”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# archiwalność
## Polish
### Etymology

From archiwalny +‎ -ość.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ar.xiˈval.nɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -alnɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ar‧chi‧wal‧ność

### Noun

archiwalność f
* the state of being archival

#### Related terms

* archiwalny
* archiwistyczny
* archiwizacyjny
* archiwalnie
* archiwistycznie
* archiwalium
* archiwariusz
* archiwariuszka
* archiwista
* archiwistka
* archiwistyka
* archiwizacja
* archiwoznawstwo
* archiwum
* archiwizować
* zarchiwizować

### Further reading

* archiwalność in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# 跨世代
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kuàshìdài
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄚˋ ㄕˋ ㄉㄞˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kuàshìdài
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄚˋ ㄕˋ ㄉㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kuàshìhdài
*** Wade–Giles: kʻua$^4$-shih$^4$-tai$^4$
*** Yale: kwà-shr̀-dài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuahshyhday
*** Palladius: куашидай (kuašidaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

### Adjective

跨世代
* (attributive) cross-generational; multigenerational
# doncella
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish doncella (“maid”). Doublet of damsel, demoiselle, and donzella.

### Noun

doncella (plural doncellas)
* A fish of Florida and the West Indies (Halichoeres radiatus).
* A ladyfish (Bodianus rufus) of the same region.

### References

* “doncella”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## Spanish
### Etymology

From a Vulgar Latin *domnicella (compare Old Occitan donçela, Portuguese donzela, French demoiselle), based on Latin domina (“lady, mistress”). Doublet of damisela.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /donˈθeʝa/ [d̪õn̟ˈθe.ʝa]
* IPA: (most of Spain) /donˈθeʝa/ [d̪õn̟ˈθe.ʝa]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain) /donˈθeʎa/ [d̪õn̟ˈθe.ʎa]
* IPA: (Latin America) /donˈseʝa/ [d̪õnˈse.ʝa]
* IPA: (most of Latin America) /donˈseʝa/ [d̪õnˈse.ʝa]
* IPA: (Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /donˈseʎa/ [d̪õnˈse.ʎa]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /donˈseʃa/ [d̪õnˈse.ʃa]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /donˈseʒa/ [d̪õnˈse.ʒa]
* Rhymes: -eʝa
* Rhymes: -eʝa
* Rhymes: -eʎa
* Rhymes: -eʃa
* Rhymes: -eʒa
* Syllabification: don‧ce‧lla

### Noun

doncella f (plural doncellas)
* maid, maiden, damsel (girl or an unmarried young woman)
* abigail, lady's maid (female servant employed by an upper-class woman to attend to her personal needs)
* Mediterranean rainbow wrasse (Coris julis)

#### Derived terms

* hierba doncella

#### Related terms

* doncel
* doncellez

### Further reading

* “doncella”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# 拝読
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 拝 | 読 |
| はい Grade: 6 | どく Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 拜讀 (kyūjitai)

### Noun

拝(はい)読(どく) • (haidoku)
* (humble) reading

### Verb

拝(はい)読(どく)する • (haidoku suru) suru (stem 拝(はい)読(どく)し (haidoku shi), past 拝(はい)読(どく)した (haidoku shita))
* (humble) to read

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 拝読し | はいどくし | haidoku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 拝読し | はいどくし | haidoku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 拝読する | はいどくする | haidoku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 拝読する | はいどくする | haidoku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 拝読すれ | はいどくすれ | haidoku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 拝読せよ¹ 拝読しろ² | はいどくせよ¹ はいどくしろ² | haidoku seyo¹ haidoku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 拝読される | はいどくされる | haidoku sareru |
| Causative | 拝読させる 拝読さす | はいどくさせる はいどくさす | haidoku saseru haidoku sasu |
| Potential | 拝読できる | はいどくできる | haidoku dekiru |
| Volitional | 拝読しよう | はいどくしよう | haidoku shiyō |
| Negative | 拝読しない | はいどくしない | haidoku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 拝読せず | はいどくせず | haidoku sezu |
| Formal | 拝読します | はいどくします | haidoku shimasu |
| Perfective | 拝読した | はいどくした | haidoku shita |
| Conjunctive | 拝読して | はいどくして | haidoku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 拝読すれば | はいどくすれば | haidoku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||
# રાજ
## Gujarati
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈɾɑd͡ʒ/
* Rhymes: -ɑd͡ʒ

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀭𑀚𑁆𑀚 (rajja), from Sanskrit राज्य (rājya, “royalty, kingdom, realm”). Doublet of રાજ્ય (rājya).

#### Noun

રાજ • (rāj) m
* reign, rule
    Synonym: રાજ્ય (rājya)
    અંગ્રેજોને મુઘલ રાજને ખતમ કર્યા।aṅgrejone mughal rājne khatam karyā.The British ended the Mughal rule.
    બ્રિટિશ રાજ ― briṭiś rāj ― British Raj
* kingdom, medieval state; empire
    Synonym: સંસ્થાન (sãsthān)
* Combining form of રાજા (rājā)

##### Derived terms

* રાજ આવવું (rāj āvavũ)
* રાજ ચાલવું (rāj cālvũ)
* રાજ ચાલાવવું (rāj cālāvvũ)
* રાજઋણ (rājaŕṇa)
* રાજકાજ (rājkāj)
* રાજકારણ (rājkāraṇ)
* રાજકારભાર (rājkārbhār)
* રાજકુંવર (rājkũvar)
* રાજકુંવરી (rājkũvrī)
* રાજકુલ (rājkul)
* રાજધાની (rājdhānī)
* રાજમાર્ગ (rājmārg)
* રાજમુગટ (rājmugaṭ)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian راز (rāz, “secret, mystery”).

#### Noun

રાજ • (rāj) m
* secret
    Synonyms: ભેદ (bhed), રહસ્ય (rahasya)
# nádech
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnaːdɛx]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

nádech m inan
* inspiration, breathing in
    Antonym: výdech

#### Related terms

* dech m
* nadechnout
* vdech m

### Further reading

* “nádech”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “nádech”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “nádech”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Florencia
## Galician
### Proper noun

Florencia
* Florence (a city in Italy)

#### Related terms

* florentino

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin Flōrentia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /floˈɾenθja/ [floˈɾẽn̟.θja]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /floˈɾensja/ [floˈɾẽn.sja]
* Rhymes: -enθja
* Rhymes: -ensja
* Syllabification: Flo‧ren‧cia

### Proper noun

Florencia f
* Florence (a city in Italy)
* The capital city of the department Caquetá in Colombia
* A town in Ciego de Ávila, Cuba
* a female given name, equivalent to English Florence

#### Related terms

* florentín
* florentino

### Further reading

* “Florencia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10