# мова
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* mowa, mova — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian мо́ва (móva), from Old East Slavic мъ́лва (mŭ́lva). from Proto-Slavic *mъ̀lva. Doublet of малва́ (malvá). Cognate with Russian and Ukrainian мо́ва (móva).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmova]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ova
* Hyphenation: мо‧ва

### Noun

мо́ва • (móva) f inan (genitive мо́вы, nominative plural мо́вы, genitive plural моў, relational adjective мо́ўны)
* language (a set of generally accepted sound and lexical-grammatical means for expressing thoughts and establishing communication between people)
    белару́ская мо́ва ― bjelarúskaja móva ― the Belarusian language
* language (a set of lexical, grammatical and other means of expressing thoughts and style)
    газетная мова ― hazjetnaja móva ― newspaper language
* pronunciation (the way of pronouncing words, the manner of speaking)
* speech (speaking ability)
* language (something that conveys a certain thought and serves as a means of communication)
    Народы ўсяго свету павінны гаварыць паміж сабой не на мове гармат, а на мове мастацтва.Naródy ŭsjahó svjetu pavinny havarycʹ pamiž sabój nje na móvje harmat, a na móvje mastactva.The peoples of the world should speak to each other not in the language of weapons, but in the language of art.
* (colloquial) talk

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

#### Derived terms

* мовазна́ўства n inan (movaznáŭstva)
* размо́ва f inan (razmóva)

### References

* “мова”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
* “мова” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

## Old Ruthenian
### Alternative forms

* мо́лва (mólva) — archaic form

### Etymology

From early мо́лва (mólva) with labiovelarization -olv- > -oŭv- > -ov-, inherited from Old East Slavic мъ́лва (mŭ́lva), from Proto-Slavic *mъ̀lva, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *múlˀwāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥wH-eh₂, from *mlewH-.

### Noun

мова • (mova) f inan (related adjective мо́вный)
* language (system of communication using words or symbols)
    Synonym: ѧзы́къ (jazýk)
* speech, conversation
* word
* voice

#### Related terms

* мовеный (movenyj)
* мовенье n (movenʹje)
* мовити (moviti)
* мовитисѧ (movitisja)
* мовленый (movlenyj)
* мовленье n (movlenʹje)
* мовловство (movlovstvo)
* мовлꙗти (movljati)
* мовно (movno)
* мовность (movnostʹ)
* мовный (movnyj)
* мовца f (movca)
* мовꙗти (movjati)
* мовѧчїй (movjačij)
* мовѧщїй (movjaščij)

#### Descendants

* Belarusian: мо́ва (móva); малва́ (malvá) (dialectal)
* Ukrainian: мо́ва (móva)
* → Russian: мо́ва (móva) (dialectal)

### References

* ↑ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mъlva”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 20 (*morzatъjь – *mъrsknǫti), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 225: “ст.-бел. молва ― st.-bel. molva”
* ↑ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1989), “мова”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 3 (Кора – М), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 491
* ↑ Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1972–1982) “мо́ва”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 2 (Д – Ь), Ottawa: Ukrainian Mohylo-Mazepian Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian Language Association, →LCCN, page 826: “MUk. молва́ (XVII c.), мова (XVII c.)”
* ↑ Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1991), “мова”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 7 (мгла – не́марасць), Minsk: Navuka i technika, →ISBN, page 61

### Further reading

* Bulyka, A. M., editor (1999), “мова”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 18 (местце – надзовати), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 102
* Bulyka, A. M., editor (1999), “молва”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 18 (местце – надзовати), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 125
* Tymchenko, E. K. (2002) “мова”, in Nimchuk, V. V., editor, Матеріали до словника писемної та книжної української мови XV–XVIII ст. [Materials for the Dictionary of the Written and Book Ukrainian Language of 15ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (А – Н), Kyiv, New York: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., →ISBN, page 432

## Russian
### Etymology

From Ukrainian and Belarusian мо́ва (móva). Doublet of молва́ (molvá).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmovə]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

мо́ва • (móva) f inan (genitive мо́вы, nominative plural мо́вы, genitive plural мов)
* (often derogatory, Ukraine) the Ukrainian language
* (often derogatory, Belarus) the Belarusian language
* (dialectal) language

#### Declension
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From Old East Slavic мълва (mŭlva), from Proto-Slavic *mъlva; cognate with Old Church Slavonic млъва (mlŭva, “speech”), Russian молва́ (molvá), Czech mluva.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmɔʋɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

мо́ва • (móva) f inan (genitive мо́ви, nominative plural мо́ви, genitive plural мов, relational adjective мо́вний)
* language (system of communication using words or symbols)
** 1955, Панас Мирний, V, 314:
    Найбі́льше і найдоро́жче добро́ в ко́жного наро́ду — це його́ мо́ва.Najbílʹše i najdoróžče dobró v kóžnoho naródu — ce johó móva.The greatest and most valuable good in every nation — is its language.
* (grammar) speech

#### Derived terms

* розмо́ва (rozmóva)
** розмо́вити (rozmóvyty)
*** розмовля́ти (rozmovljáty)
* вимо́ва (vymóva)
* англомо́вний (anhlomóvnyj)
* багатомо́вний (bahatomóvnyj)
* двомо́вний (dvomóvnyj)
* іншомо́вний (inšomóvnyj)
* іспаномо́вний (ispanomóvnyj)
* італомо́вний (italomóvnyj)
* німецькомо́вний (nimecʹkomóvnyj)
* одномо́вний (odnomóvnyj)
* польськомо́вний (polʹsʹkomóvnyj)
* португаломо́вний (portuhalomóvnyj)
* російськомо́вний (rosijsʹkomóvnyj)
* румуномо́вний (rumunomóvnyj)
* угорськомо́вний (uhorsʹkomóvnyj)
* україномо́вний (ukrajinomóvnyj)
* українськомо́вний (ukrajinsʹkomóvnyj)
* франкомо́вний (frankomóvnyj)
* чеськомо́вний (česʹkomóvnyj)
* шведськомо́вний (švedsʹkomóvnyj)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “мова”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “мова”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “мова”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)