OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# refined
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹiːfaɪnd/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

refined
* simple past and past participle of refine
    The raw petroleum was refined into kerosene.

### Adjective

refined (comparative more refined, superlative most refined)
* Precise, freed from imprecision, particularly:
** (of people, obsolete) Sagacious, sometimes (derogatory) oversubtle or feigning sagacity.
** (of thought) Subtle, scrupulous, carefully thought out.
    The argument, while not persuasive, is quite refined.
** (of processes) Developed, improved.
    The curriculum has been carefully refined to meet the needs of foreign students.
* Cultured, freed from vulgarity, particularly:
** (of language) Elevated and polished.
    In the British Isles, Oxbridge is considered refined; Geordie somewhat less so.
** (of people) Elegant, sometimes (derogatory) affected, prissy, or bloodless.
    Don Draper was a man of refined tastes.
*** 1946, Elizabeth Metzger Howard, Before the Sun Goes Down, page 31:"Jesus Christ! Was my folks refined. My mam she wouldn't think-a lettin' us young'uns call a pee pot a pee pot. A chamber's what she called it... And by God! Us young'uns had ter call the pee pot a chamber or git our God damn necks wrang."
* Purified, reduced in or freed from impurities, particularly:
** (of products) Highly-processed and pure.
    Under current guidelines, refined sugar must be at least five times purer than its raw counterpart.
** (of metal) Free of dross or alloy.
    The Temple at Jerusalem preferred Tyrian shekels, since even with Ba'al's portrait they bore highly refined silver.
** (of people, obsolete) Morally pure.
* (of a market) Dealing in a refined product such as sugar or petroleum.

#### Derived terms

* refined sugar
* ultrarefined

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Noun

refined (plural refineds)
* (finance) The refined form of a commodity, as opposed to its raw or generic form.
    We're still purchasing copper ore, but the market for refined is weaker.

### Anagrams

* definer, e-friend, enfired, fendier
# ပၠး
## S'gaw Karen
### Etymology

Borrowed from Burmese ပြ (pra.).

### Verb

ပၠး • (pyä)
* to show
* Used as a post-verbal modifier in verb compounds to indicate that something is done by way of demonstration.

#### Derived terms

* ၡဲပၠး (sheh pyä)
* တဲပၠး (teh pyä)
# gezur
## Basque
### Etymology

Unknown.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡes̻ur/ [ɡe.s̻ur]
* IPA: (most dialects) /ɡes̻ur/ [ɡe.s̻ur]
* IPA: (Biscayan) /ɡes̺ur/ [ɡe.s̺ur]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -es̻ur
* Rhymes: -es̻ur
* Rhymes: -es̺ur
* Hyphenation: ge‧zur

### Noun

gezur inan
* lie
    Antonym: egia
** 1571, Joanes Leizarraga, editor, Iesus Christ Gure Iaunaren Testamentu Berria‎, La Rochelle, Ephesianoetara 4:25:Halacotz, gueçurra kenduric, minça çaiteztez eguiaz batbedera cein çuen hurcoarequin: ecen elkarren membro gara.[Halakotz, gezurra kendurik, mintza zaiteztez egiaz batbedera zein zuen hurkoarequin: ezen elkarren membro gara.]Wherefore putting away lying, speak every man truth with his neighbour: for we are members one of another. – KJV

#### Derived terms

* gezur eta abar
* gezur-jario
* gezur-zulo
* gezur-zuri
* gezurkeria
* gezurra esan (“to lie”)
* gezurra gezurraren gainean
* gezurraren gainean
* gezurrean
* gezurretan (“lying”)
* gezurrez
* gezurrezko (“false”)
* gezurrontzi (“liar”)
* gezurtarazi
* gezurtari
* gezurtero
* gezurti (“liar”)
* gezurzale

### References

* ↑ “gezur” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

### Further reading

* “gezur”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
* “gezur”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
# przezabawny
## Polish
### Etymology

From prze- +‎ zabawny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɛ.zaˈbav.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -avnɘ
* Syllabification: prze‧za‧baw‧ny

### Adjective

przezabawny (comparative bardziej przezabawny, superlative najbardziej przezabawny, derived adverb przezabawnie)
* hilarious, uproarious
    Synonym: arcyzabawny

#### Related terms

* zabawa
* bawić

### Further reading

* przezabawny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# číča
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃiːt͡ʃa]
* Hyphenation: čí‧ča

### Noun

číča f (diminutive čička or čičinka)
* (childish) cat, kitty, pussy (domestic animal)
    Synonym: kočka
* (colloquial) vagina
    Synonyms: píča, kunda, pochva

#### Related terms

* čiči

### Further reading

* “číča”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “číča”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “číča” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “číča”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# bruiken
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch bruken, from Old Dutch *brūkan, from Proto-West Germanic *brūkan, from Proto-Germanic *brūkaną. Cognate to English brook and German brauchen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbrœy̯kə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: brui‧ken
* Rhymes: -œy̯kən

### Verb

bruiken
* (transitive, archaic) to make use of, to use, to have use for

#### Derived terms

* bruikbaar
* bruikleen
* gebruiken
* herbruiken
* misbruiken
* verbruiken
# walvis
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From Dutch walvis, from Middle Dutch walvisch, from Old Dutch walvisk, a compound of *wal (“whale”) +‎ fisk (“fish”), presumably to clarify the meaning.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /val.fəs/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

walvis (plural walvisse, diminutive walvissie)
* whale (marine mammal)

#### Derived terms

* blouwalvis
* Walvisbaai

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch walvisch, from Old Dutch walvisk, from *wal (“whale”), presumably to clarify the meaning. Equivalent to wal (“whale”) +‎ vis (“fish”). Old Dutch *wal is from Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”). See also waldier, walrus, grindewal.
Cognate with West Frisian walfisk, German Walfisch. The simple form is cognate with German Wal, English whale, Danish hval, Swedish val.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋɑl.vɪs/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: wal‧vis

### Noun

walvis m (plural walvissen, diminutive walvisje n)
* whale, mammal of the order Cetacea

#### Hyponyms

* baleinwalvis
* dolfijn
* potvis
* tandwalvis
* vinvis

#### Derived terms

* baleinwalvis
* tandwalvis
* walvisjacht
* walvisjager
* walvisvaart
* zwaardwalvis

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: walvis
* Negerhollands: walvisch, walvis
* → Thai: วาฬ (waan)
# 相容れない
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 相 | 容 |
| あい Grade: 3 | い Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spellings
* 相いれない 相入れない

### Etymology

Derived as the plain negative inflection of now-obsolete verb 相容れる (aiireru, “to go together, to match, to be compatible”).
First attested in the alternative negative conjugation aiirezaru in 1870.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [a̠iiɾe̞na̠i]

### Adjective

相(あい)容(い)れない • (aiirenai) -i (adverbial 相(あい)容(い)れなく (aiirenaku))
* [from 1870] incompatible (with)
    水(みず)と火(ひ)は相(あい)容(い)れない。
       Mizu to hi wa aiirenai.
       Water and fire are incompatible.

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 相容れなかろ | あいいれなかろ | aiirenakaro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 相容れなく | あいいれなく | aiirenaku |
| Terminal (終止形) | 相容れない | あいいれない | aiirenai |
| Attributive (連体形) | 相容れない | あいいれない | aiirenai |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 相容れなけれ | あいいれなけれ | aiirenakere |
| Imperative (命令形) | 相容れなかれ | あいいれなかれ | aiirenakare |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 相容れなくない | あいいれなくない | aiirenaku nai |
| Informal past | 相容れなかった | あいいれなかった | aiirenakatta |
| Informal negative past | 相容れなくなかった | あいいれなくなかった | aiirenaku nakatta |
| Formal | 相容れないです | あいいれないです | aiirenai desu |
| Formal negative | 相容れなくないです | あいいれなくないです | aiirenaku nai desu |
| Formal past | 相容れなかったです | あいいれなかったです | aiirenakatta desu |
| Formal negative past | 相容れなくなかったです | あいいれなくなかったです | aiirenaku nakatta desu |
| Conjunctive | 相容れなくて | あいいれなくて | aiirenakute |
| Conditional | 相容れなければ | あいいれなければ | aiirenakereba |
| Provisional | 相容れなかったら | あいいれなかったら | aiirenakattara |
| Volitional | 相容れなかろう | あいいれなかろう | aiirenakarō |
| Adverbial | 相容れなく | あいいれなく | aiirenaku |
| Degree | 相容れなさ | あいいれなさ | aiirenasa |

### References

* 1 2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# empotrar
## Spanish
### Etymology

From em- +‎ potro +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /empoˈtɾaɾ/ [ẽm.poˈt̪ɾaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: em‧po‧trar

### Verb

empotrar (first-person singular present empotro, first-person singular preterite empotré, past participle empotrado)
* to embed
* to fit, to mount
* (vulgar, colloquial) to screw, bang (have sex with)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* empotrable
* empotrador
* empotramiento

### Further reading

* “empotrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ohlas
## Czech
### Etymology

Deverbal from ohlásit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈoɦlas]

### Noun

ohlas m inan
* response, reaction
    získat ohlas ― to get a response
    vyvolat ohlas ― to create a reaction

#### Related terms

* hlas m
* ohlásit
* věhlas m

### Further reading

* “ohlas”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “ohlas”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# warb
## English
### Etymology

Of uncertain origin; possibly a clipping of warble (“the maggot of a warble-fly”).

### Noun

warb (plural warbs)
* (Australia, slang, derogatory, dated) An unkempt and useless person; a loafer.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:worthless person
** 2021 August 19, George Gaal, “How do you isolate at home when you don't have one?”, in Western Advocate‎ (letter), Bathurst, N.S.W.: ACM Network, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 25 September 2023:A POLICEMAN approaches a warb hanging around Sydney CBD with obviously nothing to do and says to him: "Hey, you, there is a lockdown current at the moment. Why don't you go home and isolate yourself?"

#### Derived terms

* warby (probably)

### References

* ↑ “warb, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
* ↑ “warb n.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang, Jonathon Green, 2016–present

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

warb
* first/third-person singular preterite of werben
# tailandês
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Tailândia +‎ -ês.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /taj.lɐ̃ˈde(j)s/ [taɪ̯.lɐ̃ˈde(ɪ̯)s]
* (Brazil) IPA: /taj.lɐ̃ˈde(j)s/ [taɪ̯.lɐ̃ˈde(ɪ̯)s]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /taj.lɐ̃ˈde(j)ʃ/ [taɪ̯.lɐ̃ˈde(ɪ̯)ʃ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /taj.lɐ̃ˈdeʃ/
* Rhymes: -eʃ
* Hyphenation: tai‧lan‧dês

### Adjective

tailandês (feminine tailandesa, masculine plural tailandeses, feminine plural tailandesas)
* Thai (of or relating to Thailand)

### Noun

tailandês m (plural tailandeses, feminine tailandesa, feminine plural tailandesas)
* Thai (person from Thailand)

### Noun

tailandês m (uncountable)
* Thai (the national language of Thailand)

#### Derived terms

* tailandês meridional
* tailandês setentrional

### Further reading

* “tailandês”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “tailandês”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
* “tailandês”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “tailandês”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “tailandês”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# pociskać
## Polish
### Etymology

From po- +‎ ciskać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔˈt͡ɕis.kat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -iskat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: po‧cis‧kać

### Verb

pociskać impf (perfective pocisnąć)
* (transitive) to hurl chaotically for some time
* (transitive) to thrust with force
* (transitive, slang) to repartee (to reply with a swift witty retort)

#### Derived terms

* pocisk

### Further reading

* pociskać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pociskać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# plog
## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* plogë

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁-go. Compare Welsh ôl (“track”), Lithuanian pulkas (“crowd”), Old Church Slavonic плъкъ (plŭkŭ, “army division”), Old English folc (“people, nation, army”).

### Noun

plog m (plural plogje, definite plogu, definite plural plogjet)
* haystack, hayrick

#### Synonyms

* mullar

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Danish ploug, older spelling of plov, from Old Norse plógr. The pronunciation is based on native Norwegian dialects.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pluːɡ]

### Noun

plog m (definite singular plogen, indefinite plural ploger, definite plural plogene)
* a plough, plow

#### Derived terms

* snøplog

#### Related terms

* pløye

### References

* “plog” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse plógr. Akin to English plough.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pluːɡ/

### Noun

plog m (definite singular plogen, indefinite plural plogar, definite plural plogane)
* a plow (US) or plough (UK)

#### Derived terms

* snøplog

### References

* “plog” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* plōh

### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *plōgaz, *plōguz (“plough”). Compare Old Frisian ploch, Old High German pfluog, Old Norse plógr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ploːɡ/, [ploːɣ]

### Noun

plōg m
* the measure of land that can be ploughed in one day, ploughland

#### Declension

Strong a-stem:

#### Descendants

* Middle English: plough, ploug, plouh, plogh, plog, ploh, ploch, plugh, pleugh, plue, pleu (northern)
** English: plough, plow (US) (see there for further descendants)
** Scots: pleuch, plou
** Yola: pleough, plowe, plou

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Norse plógr, from Proto-Germanic *plōgaz, *plōguz.

### Noun

plog c
* a plow (US) or plough (UK)

#### Derived terms

* minplog
* plogbil
* plogdjur
* snöplog

#### Related terms

* ploga

### Further reading

* plog in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
* plog in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
# siphonage
## English
### Etymology

From siphon +‎ -age.

### Noun

siphonage (countable and uncountable, plural siphonages)
* The action or use of a siphon.

### References

* “siphonage”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# згрупувати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From з- (z-) +‎ групува́ти (hrupuváty). Compare Belarusian згрупава́ць (zhrupavácʹ), Polish zgrupować, Russian сгруппирова́ть (sgruppirovátʹ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zɦrʊpʊˈʋate]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Verb

згрупува́ти • (zhrupuváty) pf (imperfective згрупо́вувати)
* (transitive) to group (to put together to form a group)
    згрупува́ти навко́ло се́бе ― zhrupuváty navkólo sébe ― to gather around oneself

#### Derived terms

* згрупува́ння n (zhrupuvánnja)
* згрупува́тися pf (zhrupuvátysja)

### References

* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2015), “згрупувати”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 6 (зга́га – ква́рта), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “згрупувати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1972), “згрупувати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 3 (З), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 525
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “згрупувати”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “згрупувати”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “згрупувати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “згрупувати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# cyclotropia
## English
### Etymology

From cyclo- +‎ -tropia.

### Noun

cyclotropia (countable and uncountable, plural cyclotropias)
* (medicine, ophthalmology) A form of strabismus in which, compared to the correct positioning of the eyes, there is a torsion of one eye (or both) about the eye's visual axis. Consequently, the visual fields of the two eyes appear tilted relative to each other.

#### Derived terms

* excyclotropia

#### Related terms

* cyclodeviation
* cyclophoria
* cyclovertical

### Anagrams

* politocracy
# oczepiać
## Polish
### Etymology

From oczepić +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔˈt͡ʂɛ.pjat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɛpjat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: o‧cze‧piać

### Verb

oczepiać impf (perfective oczepić)
* (transitive, historical) to put a czepiec on the bride's head for the oczepiny

#### Related terms

* oczepinowy
* oczep
* oczepiny

### Further reading

* oczepiać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# benaderen
## Dutch
### Etymology

From be- +‎ naderen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bəˈnaːdərə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: be‧na‧de‧ren

### Verb

benaderen
* (transitive) to approach
* (transitive) to approximate

#### Derived terms

* benaderbaar
* benadering
# wybawić
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish wybawić, from Proto-Slavic *vybaviti. By surface analysis, wy- +‎ bawić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɘˈba.vit͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -avit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: wy‧ba‧wić

### Verb

wybawić pf (imperfective wybawiać)
* (transitive) to deliver, to save [with z (+ genitive) or od (+ genitive) ‘from what’]
    Synonym: zbawić
* (reflexive with się) to trip the light fantastic, to have the time of one's life

#### Derived terms

* wybawca
* wybawiciel
* wybawienie

#### Related terms

* pozbawiony
* zabawa
* bawić

### Further reading

* wybawić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wybawić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Januarie
## Afrikaans
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Januarie (plural Januariemaande)
* January

#### See also

(Gregorian calendar months) Januarie, Februarie, Maart, April, Mei, Junie, Julie, Augustus, September, Oktober, November, Desember

## Latin
### Adjective

Jānuārie
* vocative masculine singular of Jānuārius

## Negerhollands
### Proper noun

Januarie
* January

### References

* Joachim Melchior Magens, Grammatica over det Creolske Sprog, som bruges paa de trende Danske Eilande, St. Croix, St. Thomas og St. Jans i America (1770), p. 25
# impossibilitat
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [im.pu.si.βi.liˈtat]
* IPA: (Balearic, Valencia) [im.po.si.bi.liˈtat]
* Rhymes: -at

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin impossibilitātem.

#### Noun

impossibilitat f (plural impossibilitats)
* impossibility (state of quality of being impossible)

##### Related terms

* impossibilitar
* impossible
* impossiblement
* possibilitat

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Participle

impossibilitat (feminine impossibilitada, masculine plural impossibilitats, feminine plural impossibilitades)
* past participle of impossibilitar

### Further reading

* “impossibilitat” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “impossibilitat”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “impossibilitat” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “impossibilitat” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
# diro
## Esperanto
### Etymology

From diri +‎ -o.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdiro]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iro
* Hyphenation: dir‧o

### Noun

diro (accusative singular diron, plural diroj, accusative plural dirojn)
* statement, utterance, saying
    Synonym: parolo

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin dirus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdi.ro/
* Rhymes: -iro
* Hyphenation: dì‧ro

### Adjective

diro (feminine dira, masculine plural diri, feminine plural dire)
* (literary) cruel, dire, terrible

### Anagrams

* Rodi, dori, idro-, ordi, ordì, rido, ridò, rodi

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈdiː.roː/, [ˈd̪iːroː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈdi.ro/, [ˈd̪iːro]

### Adjective

dīrō
* dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of dīrus
# stijf
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch stijf, from Old Dutch *stīf, from Proto-West Germanic *stīf, from Proto-Germanic *stīfaz.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɛi̯f
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

stijf (comparative stijver, superlative stijfst)
* stiff, rigid
    Na een lange wandeling voelen mijn benen stijf aan. ― After a long walk, my legs feel stiff.
    Dit materiaal is stijver dan ik had verwacht. ― This material is stiffer than I expected.
    Van alle materialen die we hebben getest, was dit het stijfst. ― Of all the materials we tested, this was the stiffest.
* formalistic, posh

#### Derived terms

* stijf hardgras
* stijf ijzerhard
* stijfheid
* stijfkop
* stijfsel
* stijve
* stijve naaldvaren

#### Descendants

* Berbice Creole Dutch: stifu
* Negerhollands: stiep
* → Papiamentu: stijf (dated)
* → Sranan Tongo: steif, steifi
** → Caribbean Javanese: stéfi
** → Saramaccan: sitéifi

### Verb

stijf
* inflection of stijven:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative
# budownik
## Polish
### Etymology

From budować +‎ -nik. First attested in 1528. Compare Kashubian bùdownik and Ukrainian будівни́к (budivnýk).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buˈdɔv.ɲik/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /buˈdɔv.ɲik/
* Rhymes: -ɔvɲik
* Syllabification: bu‧dow‧nik

### Noun

budownik m pers
* (archaic) builder (one who builds)
    Synonym: budowniczy
* (Middle Polish) construction official (official supervising buildings, public places in the city and city fortifications; architect designing such buildings)
* (Middle Polish) founder; creator; co-creator; organizer

#### Derived terms

* budowniczy
* budownictwo

### References

* ↑ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “budownik”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* ↑ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “budownik”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

### Further reading

* budownik in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Wiesław Morawski (21.10.2021) “BUDOWNIK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “budownik”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “budownik”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “budownik”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 227
# normalidad
## Spanish
### Etymology

From normal +‎ -idad.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /noɾmaliˈdad/ [noɾ.ma.liˈð̞að̞]
* Rhymes: -ad
* Syllabification: nor‧ma‧li‧dad

### Noun

normalidad f (countable and uncountable, plural normalidades)
* normality

#### Derived terms

* nueva normalidad

#### Related terms

* normal

### Further reading

* “normalidad”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10