# shah
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃɑː/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː

### Etymology 1

From Persian شاه (šâh), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (šāh), from Old Persian 𐏋 (XŠ /⁠xšāyaθiya⁠/). Doublet of check. More at chess.

#### Alternative forms

* schah (archaic)
* šâh, šāh, shāh, s̲h̲āh (all rare, scholarly transliterations)

#### Noun

shah (plural shahs)
* A king of Persia or Iran.
** 2011 [1977 December 31], Jimmy Carter, White House Diary‎, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 156:We had a cordial welcome in Tehran from the shah and Empress Farah, a delightful banquet, and adequate time to discuss the Middle East and nuclear power affairs with the shah.
* A supreme ruler in some West Asian, Central Asian or South Asian nations.

##### Usage notes

The wife of the last shah of Iran used the title shahbanu, which was translated as empress into English. His sons used the title shahzada (shah's descendant), which was translated as prince into English.

##### Derived terms

* shahdom

##### Related terms

* shahanshah
* shahbanu
* shahi
* Shahmukhi
* shahzada

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Ukrainian шаг (šah).

#### Noun

shah (plural shahs or shahy or shahiv)
* (historical) A Ukrainian monetary unit.

##### Translations
### Anagrams

* Hash, ahhs, hahs, hash

## Albanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish شاه (shâh), from Persian شاه (šâh).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʃah]

### Noun

shah m (plural shahë, definite shahu, definite plural shahët)
* (uncountable) chess
* check (as it pertains to a game of chess)
* (also in the plural) a ruler in some Eastern regions (Iran, etc.)

### Adverb

shah
* straight, bipedally, upright
    Synonyms: arithi, qirithi, shahthi
* bewildered, taken aback
    Synonym: shtang
* (figurative) alone, deserted
    Synonyms: vetëm, shkretë

### Related terms

* shahist
* shahiste
* shahthi

### Further reading

* “shah”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎ (in Albanian), 1980
* “shah”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* Mann, S. E. (1948) “shah”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 467

## French
### Etymology

From Persian.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃa/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

shah m (plural shahs)
* Alternative spelling of schah

### Further reading

* “shah”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃɑː/

### Noun

shah m (definite singular shahen, indefinite plural shahar, definite plural shahane)
* alternative spelling of sjah

### References

* “shah”, in Norsk Ordbok: ordbok over det norske folkemålet og det nynorske skriftmålet, Oslo: Samlaget, 1950-2016

## South Slavey
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʃà(h)]
* Hyphenation: shah

### Noun

shah (stem -zha-)
* Fort Liard form of sah

#### Inflection
### References

* Keren Rice (1989) A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 37

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Persian شاه (šâh), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (šāh), from Old Persian 𐏋 (xšāyaθiya). Doublet of schack (“chess; check”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɧɑː/

### Noun

shah c
* a shah; a king of Persia

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | shah | shahs |
| singular | definite | shahen | shahens |
| plural | indefinite | shaher | shahers |
| plural | definite | shaherna | shahernas |

#### Related terms

* schack