# 支持
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhīchí
    (Zhuyin): ㄓ ㄔˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi$^1$ ci$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): zi$^1$ ci$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): zi$^1$ ci
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂-chhṳ̀
* Eastern Min (BUC): ciĕ-tì
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chi-chhî / ki-chhî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zin$^1$ ti$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tsy-zy$_6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhīchí
*** Zhuyin: ㄓ ㄔˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhihchíh
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^1$-chʻih$^2$
*** Yale: jr̄-chŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jychyr
*** Palladius: чжичи (čžiči)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^1$ ci$^4$
*** Yale: jī chìh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^1$ tsi$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^1$ qi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: zi$^1$ ci$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si³³ t͡sʰi²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: zi$^1$ ci
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁴² t͡sʰz̩²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂-chhṳ̀
*** Hakka Romanization System: zii$^ˊ$ cii$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zi$^1$ ci$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ²⁴ t͡sʰɨ¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ciĕ-tì
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sie⁵⁵ $^{(tʰ-)}$li⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi-chhî
*** Tâi-lô: tsi-tshî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cichii
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰi²³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡si⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki-chhî
*** Tâi-lô: ki-tshî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kichii
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ki³³ t͡sʰi²⁴/
*** IPA (Longyan): /ki³³⁴ t͡sʰi¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ki⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zin$^1$ ti$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiⁿ thî
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sĩ³³⁻²³ tʰi⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tsy-zy$_6$
*** MiniDict: tsy$^平$ zy$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tsr-zr$_3$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/

### Verb

支持
* to support; to back
    全力支持 ― quánlì zhīchí ― to give full support
       Dàduōshù rén duì tí'àn chí zhīchí yìjiàn. [Pinyin]
       Most people expressed support for the proposal.
       Bié zhīchí rénbùxiàngrén，guǐbùxiàngguǐ de láotuìjīn xīnzhì. [Pinyin]
       Don't support the new ghastly labor retirement system.
       Wǒ de tàidù shì tóngyì hé zhīchí. [Pinyin]
       I am in agreement and will lend support.
* to sustain; to hold out

#### Synonyms

* (to support):
* 佐理 (zuǒlǐ) (literary, with a task)
* 使勁 / 使劲 (shǐjìn)
* 加勢 / 加势 (jiāshì)
* 助 (zhù)
* 助力 (zhùlì)
* 助理 (zhùlǐ)
* 助益 (zhùyì) (literary)
* 匡助 (kuāngzhù) (literary)
* 協助 / 协助 (xiézhù)
* 參佐 / 参佐 (cānzuǒ) (literary)
* 增援 (zēngyuán, “to provide reinforcements”)
* 幫 / 帮 (bāng)
* 幫助 / 帮助 (bāngzhù)
* 幫同 / 帮同 (bāngtóng) (literary)
* 幫寸 / 帮寸 (bāngcùn)
* 幫帶 / 帮带 (bāngdài)
* 幫忙 / 帮忙 (bāngmáng)
* 幫手 / 帮手 (bong$^1$ sau$^2$) (Cantonese)
* 幫扶 / 帮扶 (bāngfú)
* 幫襯 / 帮衬 (bāngchèn)
* 幫贈 / 帮赠 (Hokkien)
* 扶
* 扶助 (fúzhù)
* 扶持 (fúchí)
* 扶掖 (fúyè) (formal)
* 拉巴 (dialectal)
* 挺 (tǐng)
* 援助 (yuánzhù)
* 𢯭手 (Hakka)
* 支助 (zhīzhù) (literary)
* 支援 (zhīyuán)
* 救 (jiù)
* 相幫 / 相帮 (xiāngbāng) (dialectal)
* 相輔 / 相辅 (Teochew)
* 翼 (yì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 聲援 / 声援 (shēngyuán, “to express support for”)
* 臂助 (bìzhù) (literary)
* 補益 / 补益 (bǔyì)
* 補臺 / 补台 (bǔtái) (mainland China)
* 贈力 / 赠力 (Hokkien)
* 贈助 / 赠助 (Hokkien)
* 贊喙 / 赞喙 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
* 贈手 / 赠手 (Hokkien)
* 贊聲 / 赞声 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
* 輔助 / 辅助 (fǔzhù)
* 陪 (péi) (literary, or in compounds)
* 鬥幫贈 / 斗帮赠 (Hokkien)
* 鬥相共 / 斗相共 (Hokkien)
* 鬥跤手 / 斗跤手 (Hokkien)
* 鬥跤搭 / 斗跤搭 (Hokkien)
* (to sustain): 維持／维持 (wéichí)

### Noun

支持
* support; backing
    技術支持／技术支持 ― jìshù zhīchí ― technical support
    政府的支持 ― zhèngfǔ de zhīchí ― governmental support

#### Usage notes

In Hong Kong and Taiwan, the term 支持 (zhīchí) means to support mentally, e.g. 我支持你的意見 / 我支持你的意见 (“I support your opinion”), while the term 支援 (zhīyuán) means to support physically or by action, and also including IT-related senses, e.g. 技術支援 / 技术支援 (jìshù zhīyuán, “technical support”). In Mainland China, the usage of the term 支持 (zhīchí) may cover both aspects.

#### Derived terms

* 支持帶 / 支持带 (zhīchídài)
* 支持者 (zhīchízhě)
* 精神支持 (jīngshén zhīchí)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 支 | 持 |
| し Grade: 5 | じ Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

支(し)持(じ) • (shiji)
* support
    支持(しじ)を得(え)る
       shiji o eru
       to gain support
    支持(しじ)を失(うしな)う
       shiji o ushinau
       to lose support

#### Antonyms

* 嫌悪(けんお) (ken'o, “aversion”)

#### Derived terms

* 支持(しじ)力(りょく) (shijiryoku)
* 支持(しじ)団体(だんたい) (shijidantai)
* 支持(しじ)層(そう) (shijisō)
* 支持(しじ)杭(こう) (shijikō)
* 支持(しじ)率(りつ) (shijiritsu)
* 支持(しじ)療法(りょうほう) (shijiryōhō)
* 支持(しじ)線(せん) (shijisen)
* 支持(しじ)者(しゃ) (shijisha)
* 支持基(しじき)盤(ばん) (shijikiban)
* 支持母(しじぼ)体(たい) (shijibotai)

### Verb

支(し)持(じ)する • (shiji suru) suru (stem 支(し)持(じ)し (shiji shi), past 支(し)持(じ)した (shiji shita))
* support
    動議(どうぎ)を支持(しじ)する
       dōgi o shiji suru
       to second a motion

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 支持し | しじし | shiji shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 支持し | しじし | shiji shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 支持する | しじする | shiji suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 支持する | しじする | shiji suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 支持すれ | しじすれ | shiji sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 支持せよ¹ 支持しろ² | しじせよ¹ しじしろ² | shiji seyo¹ shiji shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 支持される | しじされる | shiji sareru |
| Causative | 支持させる 支持さす | しじさせる しじさす | shiji saseru shiji sasu |
| Potential | 支持できる | しじできる | shiji dekiru |
| Volitional | 支持しよう | しじしよう | shiji shiyō |
| Negative | 支持しない | しじしない | shiji shinai |
| Negative continuative | 支持せず | しじせず | shiji sezu |
| Formal | 支持します | しじします | shiji shimasu |
| Perfective | 支持した | しじした | shiji shita |
| Conjunctive | 支持して | しじして | shiji shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 支持すれば | しじすれば | shiji sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||