# adverbial
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin adverbiālis. By surface analysis, adverb +‎ -ial.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ædˈvɝbi.əl/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ədˈvɜːbi.əl/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adjective

adverbial (comparative more adverbial, superlative most adverbial)
* (grammar) Of or relating to an adverb.
** 1876, “Ad′verb”, in John M[erry] Ross, editor, The Globe Enyclopædia of Universal Information, volume I, Boston, Mass.: Estes & Lauriat, […], page 25, column 1:As we can have the adjectival forms bright, brighter, brightest, so we can have the adverbial forms brightly, brightlier, brightliest, but degree is alike inconceivable in the adjective ‘round,’ and the A. ‘here.’
** 1988, Andrew Radford, chapter 9, in Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 495:And in (123) below, a (bracketed) Adverbial Phrase has undergone WH MOVEMENT: (123) (a) [How quickly] will he drink the beer —? (123) (b) [How carefully] did he plan his campaign —? (123) (c) [How well] did he treat her —?

#### Derived terms

* adverbial accusative
* adverbial adjunct
* adverbial case
* adverbial clause
* adverbial genitive
* adverbialism
* adverbialist
* adverbiality
* adverbialization
* adverbialize
* adverbially
* adverbialness
* adverbial number
* adverbial of time
* adverbial participle
* adverbial particle
* adverbial phrase
* nonadverbial
* preadverbial
* time adverbial

#### Translations
### Noun

adverbial (plural adverbials)
* (grammar) An adverbial word or phrase.

#### Usage notes

Although traditional metalanguage often uses adverbial as a noun and will call a prepositional phrase an adverb, some authorities in linguistics avoid these usages, saying instead (more precisely) that the phrase under discussion functions adverbially in that context.

#### Derived terms

* predicative adverbial
* time frequency adverbial

#### Related terms

* adverbially (adverb)

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Pullum, Geoffrey K. (2024) The Truth About English Grammar, Polity Press, →ISBN, page 71:It’s a bad failing of virtually all traditional books on grammar that they often confuse the category of adverbs with the function of being a modifier. Any phrase that seems to modify a verb, adjective, preposition, determinative, or adverb is likely to be called an adverb (or an “adverbial,” a thoroughly unhelpful term that I avoid). So when they notice that She left in haste has roughly the same meaning as She left hastily, they call in haste either an adverb or an “adverbial.” This is a mistake: in haste is grammatically a PP [prepositional phrase], with the preposition in as its head. Its function is that of modifier of a verb, but that’s not the same thing as being an adverb.

### Further reading

* adverbial on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin adverbiālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [əd.bər.biˈal]
* IPA: (Balearic) [əd.vər.biˈal]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ad.veɾ.biˈal]

### Adjective

adverbial m or f (masculine and feminine plural adverbials)
* adverbial

#### Derived terms

* adverbialment

#### Related terms

* adverbi

### Further reading

* “adverbial” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “adverbial”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “adverbial” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “adverbial” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin adverbiālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ad.vɛʁ.bjal/
* Audio:(file)
* Homophones: adverbiale, adverbiales

### Adjective

adverbial (feminine adverbiale, masculine plural adverbiaux, feminine plural adverbiales)
* adverbial

#### Derived terms

* adverbialement
* locution adverbiale

#### Related terms

* adverbe

### Further reading

* “adverbial”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Galician
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin adverbiālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /adbɛɾˈbjal/ [að̞.β̞ɛɾˈβ̞jɑɫ]
* Rhymes: -al
* Hyphenation: ad‧ver‧bial

### Adjective

adverbial m or f (plural adverbiais)
* adverbial (of or relating to an adverb)

#### Derived terms

* adverbialmente

#### Related terms

* adverbio

### Further reading

* “adverbial”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## German
### Etymology

Adverb +‎ -ial

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔatvɛɐ̯ˈbi̯aːl/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

adverbial (strong nominative masculine singular adverbialer, not comparable)
* adverbial

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “adverbial” in Duden online
* “adverbial” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Mauritian Creole
### Etymology

From French adverbial.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /advɛːbjal/

### Adjective

adverbial
* adverbial

#### Related terms

* adverb

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

adverbial n (definite singular adverbialet, indefinite plural adverbial or adverbialer, definite plural adverbiala or adverbialene)
* adverbial (adverbial clause)

### References

* “adverbial” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

adverbial n (definite singular adverbialet, indefinite plural adverbial, definite plural adverbiala)
* adverbial (adverbial clause)

### References

* “adverbial” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin adverbiālis.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /a.d͡ʒi.veʁ.biˈaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veɦ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /a.d͡ʒi.veʁˈbjaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veɦˈbjaʊ̯], /ad͡ʒ.veʁ.biˈaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veɦ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /ad͡ʒ.veʁˈbjaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veɦˈbjaʊ̯]
* (Brazil) IPA: /a.d͡ʒi.veʁ.biˈaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veɦ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /a.d͡ʒi.veʁˈbjaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veɦˈbjaʊ̯], /ad͡ʒ.veʁ.biˈaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veɦ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /ad͡ʒ.veʁˈbjaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veɦˈbjaʊ̯]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /a.d͡ʒi.veɾ.biˈaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veɾ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /a.d͡ʒi.veɾˈbjaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veɾˈbjaʊ̯], /ad͡ʒ.veɾ.biˈaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veɾ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /ad͡ʒ.veɾˈbjaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veɾˈbjaʊ̯]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /a.d͡ʒi.veʁ.biˈaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veʁ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /a.d͡ʒi.veʁˈbjaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veʁˈbjaʊ̯], /ad͡ʒ.veʁ.biˈaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veʁ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /ad͡ʒ.veʁˈbjaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veʁˈbjaʊ̯]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ad͡ʒ.veɻ.biˈaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veɻ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /ad͡ʒ.veɻˈbjaw/ [ad͡ʒ.veɻˈbjaʊ̯], /a.d͡ʒi.veɻ.biˈaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veɻ.bɪˈaʊ̯], (faster pronunciation) /a.d͡ʒi.veɻˈbjaw/ [a.d͡ʒi.veɻˈbjaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.dvɨɾˈbjal/ [ɐ.ðvɨɾˈβjaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.dvɨɾˈbjal/ [ɐ.ðvɨɾˈβjaɫ]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.dbɨɾˈbjal/ [ɐ.ðβɨɾˈβjaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.dvɨɾˈbja.li/ [ɐ.ðvɨɾˈβja.li]

### Adjective

adverbial m or f (plural adverbiais)
* adverbial (of or relating to an adverb)

#### Derived terms

* adverbialmente

#### Related terms

* advérbio

### Further reading

* “adverbial” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French adverbial, from Latin adverbiālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ad.ver.biˈal/

### Adjective

adverbial m or n (feminine singular adverbială, masculine plural adverbiali, feminine and neuter plural adverbiale)
* adverbial

#### Declension
### Further reading

* adverbial in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin adverbiālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /adbeɾˈbjal/ [að̞.β̞eɾˈβ̞jal]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: ad‧ver‧bial

### Adjective

adverbial m or f (masculine and feminine plural adverbiales)
* adverbial

#### Derived terms

* adverbialmente
* locución adverbial

#### Related terms

* adverbio

### Further reading

* “adverbial”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Swedish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ad.vɛr.biˈɑːl/
* Rhymes: -ɑːl

### Noun

adverbial n
* an adverbial word or phrase

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | adverbial | adverbials |
| singular | definite | adverbialet | adverbialets |
| plural | indefinite | adverbial | adverbials |
| plural | definite | adverbialen | adverbialens |

#### Related terms

* adverbialsats
* rumsadverbial

### Further reading

* adverbial in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (14th ed., online)