# गुप्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* গুপ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬕᬸᬧ᭄ (Balinese script)
* গুপ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰐𑰲𑰢𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀕𑀼𑀧𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ဂုပ် (Burmese script)
* ગુપ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਗੁਪ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌗𑍁𑌪𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦒꦸꦥ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂏𑂳𑂣𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಗುಪ್ (Kannada script)
* គុប៑ (Khmer script)
* ຄຸປ຺ (Lao script)
* ഗുപ് (Malayalam script)
* ᡤᡠᢒ (Manchu script)
* 𑘐𑘳𑘢𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠺᠤᢒ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦰𑧔𑧂𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐐𑐸𑐥𑑂 (Newa script)
* ଗୁପ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢔꢸꢦ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆓𑆶𑆥𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖐𑖲𑖢𑖿 (Siddham script)
* ගුප් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩞𑩒𑩰 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚌𑚰𑚞𑚶 (Takri script)
* கு³ப் (Tamil script)
* గుప్ (Telugu script)
* คุปฺ (Thai script)
* གུ་པ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒑𑒳𑒣𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨍𑨃𑨞𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Back-formation from गोपायति (gopāyáti, “to guard”), from गोपा (gopā́, “protector of cows; protector, guardian”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɡup/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɡup/

### Root

गुप् • (gup)
* to guard, defend, protect, preserve
* to hide, conceal
* (in the desiderative) to shun, detest

#### Derived terms
##### Primary Verbal Forms

* गोप्स्यति (gopsyáti, Future)
* गोपिष्यति (gopiṣyáti, Future)
* गोप्ता (goptā́, Periphrastic Future)
* गोपिता (gopitā́, Periphrastic Future)
* अगौप्सीत् (ágaupsīt, Aorist)
* अगोपीत् (ágopīt, Aorist)
* जुगोप (jugópa, Perfect)

##### Secondary Forms

* गुप्यते (gupyáte, Passive)
* गोपयति (gopáyati, Causative)
* अजूगुपत् (ájūgupat, Causative Aorist)
* गोप्यते (gopyáte, Passive of Causative)
* जुगुप्सते (jugupsate, Desiderative)
* जुगुप्सति (jugupsati, Desiderative)
* जुगुप्सिषते (jugupsiṣate, Desiderative of Desiderative)
* जोगुप्यते (jogupyate, Intensive)

##### Non-Finite Forms

* गुपित (gupitá, Past Participle)
* गुप्त (guptá, Past Participle)
* गोप्तुम् (goptum, Infinitive)
* गोपितुम् (gopitum, Infinitive)
* गोपनीय (gopanī́ya, Gerundive)
* गोप्तव्य (goptavyà, Gerundive)
* गोप्य (gopya, Gerundive)
* जुगुप्सु (jugupsu, Desiderative Participle)
* जुगुपिषु (jugupiṣu, Desiderative Participle)

##### Derived Nominal Forms

* गुप् (gup)
* गुप्य (gupya)
* गुप्ति (gúpti)
* गोपन (gópana)
* गोप्तृ (goptṛ́)
* गोपिष्ठ (gópiṣṭha)
* जुगुप्सा (jugupsā)
* जुगुप्सन (jugupsana)
* जुगुप्सित (jugupsita)
* जुगुप्सनीय (jugupsanīya)
* जुगुप्सिततम (jugupsitatama)
* जुगुप्सितत्व (jugupsitatva)
* जुगुप्स्य (jugupsya)
* गुप्ति (gupti)

### Adjective

गुप् • (gup) stem
* (at the end of a compound) defending, protecting
    धर्म (dharma, “law, morality”) + गुप् (gup) → धर्मगुप् (dharmagup, “protecting or observing the law”)
* being on one's guard or preserving one's self from

#### Declension
### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “गुप्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 358, column 3.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “गुप्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 37
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “गुप्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “GOP”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 499-500
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “393-398”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 393-398
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 382