OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ośli
## Polish
### Etymology

From osioł +‎ -i.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔ.ɕli/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔɕli
* Syllabification: o‧śli

### Adjective

ośli (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) donkey (of, pertaining to, or characteristic of donkeys)

#### Related terms

* osioł
* osiołek
* oślątko
* oślę
* oślica
* oślina

### Further reading

* ośli in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ośli in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# zmrd
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzmr̩t]

### Noun

zmrd m anim
* (vulgar, derogatory) cock, fucker
    Synonyms: píčus, čurák, kokot, šulin, čubčí syn, mamrd, zkurvysyn, zkurvenec, zasranec

#### Related terms

* mamrd
* mrdat

#### See also

* darebák

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [zmr̩t]

### Noun

zmrd m pers
* (vulgar, derogatory) fucker, motherfucker
    Synonyms: čurák, chuj, kokot

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “zmrd”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# Skwarek
## Polish
### Etymology

From skwarek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈskfa.rɛk/
* Rhymes: -arɛk
* Syllabification: Skwa‧rek
* Homophone: skwarek

### Proper noun

Skwarek m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Skwarek f (indeclinable)
* a female surname

#### Derived terms

* Skwarkowa
* Skwarkówna
# dokázat
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech dokázati, from Proto-Slavic *dokazati.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdokaːzat]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

dokázat pf (imperfective dokazovat)
* to prove (demonstrate to be true)
* to achieve (be able to do something difficult)

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | dokázat, dokázati | Active adjective | dokázavší |
| Verbal noun | — | Passive adjective | — |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | dokážu, dokáži | dokážeme | — | dokažme |
| 2nd person | dokážeš | dokážete | dokaž | dokažte |
| 3rd person | dokáže | dokážou, dokáží | — | — |
* The verb dokázat does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | dokázal | dokázali | dokázán | dokázáni |
| masculine inanimate | dokázal | dokázaly | dokázán | dokázány |
| feminine | dokázala | dokázaly | dokázána | dokázány |
| neuter | dokázalo | dokázala | dokázáno | dokázána |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | — | dokázav |
| feminine + neuter singular | — | dokázavši |
| plural | — | dokázavše |

#### Derived terms

* důkaz m

### Further reading

* “dokázati”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “dokázati”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “dokázat”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Siarka
## Polish
### Etymology

From siarka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɕar.ka/
* Rhymes: -arka
* Syllabification: Siar‧ka

### Proper noun

Siarka m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Siarka f
* a female surname

#### Derived terms

* Siarczanka
* Siarczyna

### See also

* Appendix:Polish surnames
# sang soprano
## English
### Verb

sang soprano
* simple past of sing soprano
# bosy
## Lower Sorbian
### Adjective

bosy
* Superseded spelling of bósy.

## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bosъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɔ.sɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔsɘ
* Syllabification: bo‧sy

### Adjective

bosy (not comparable, derived adverb boso)
* barefoot
    Synonym: bosonogi
* (of feet) bare
* (Roman Catholicism) discalced
    Discalced Carmelites ― karmelici bosi

#### Related terms

* boso, ale w ostrogach
* na bosaka

### Further reading

* bosy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* bosy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Sasin
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsa.ɕin/
* Rhymes: -aɕin
* Syllabification: Sa‧sin

### Proper noun

Sasin m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Sasin f (indeclinable)
* a female surname

#### Derived terms

* Sasinowa
* Sasinówna
# obkłaść
## Polish
### Etymology

From ob- +‎ kłaść. First attested in 1571.

### Pronunciation

* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈɔp.kɫaɕt͡ɕ/

### Verb

obkłaść pf
* (transitive, Middle Polish) to wrap something around something
    Synonym: owinąć

#### Related terms

* obkładkowy
* obkładowy
* obkład
* obkładka
* kładać impf
* kłaść impf
* obkładać impf

### References

* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “obkłaść”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “obkładziony”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
# aksjomatyczny
## Polish
### Etymology

From aksjomatyka +‎ -ny. First attested in 1859.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ak.sjɔ.maˈtɘt͡ʂ.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘt͡ʂnɘ
* Syllabification: ak‧sjo‧ma‧tycz‧ny

### Adjective

aksjomatyczny (not comparable, derived adverb aksjomatycznie)
* (relational, logic, philosophy) axiomatic, of or relating to axioms
    baza aksjomatyczna ― an axiomatic base
    system aksjomatyczny ― an axiomatic system
    teoria aksjomatyczna ― an axiomatic theory
    metoda aksjomatyczna ― an axiomatic method
    nauka aksjomatyczna ― an axiomatic science
    aksjomatyczne założenie ― an axiomatic assumption
    aksjomatyczna definicja ― an axiomatic definition
    aksjomatyczny punkt ― an axiomatic point
* (literary) axiomatic (self-evident or unquestionable)
    Synonyms: bezsporny, niezaprzeczalny

#### Derived terms

* system aksjomatyczny

#### Related terms

* aksjomat
* aksjomatyka
* aksjomatyzacja

### References

* ↑ Michał Amszejewicz‎ (in Polish), 1859, page 17
* ↑ aksjomatyczny in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* aksjomatyczny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* aksjomatyczny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “aksjomatyczny”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “aksjomatyczny”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 19
# przesłuchanie
## Polish
### Etymology

From przesłuchać +‎ -anie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɛ.swuˈxa.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɲɛ
* Syllabification: prze‧słu‧cha‧nie

### Noun

przesłuchanie n
* (uncountable) verbal noun of przesłuchać
* (countable) audition, casting (performance, by an aspiring performer, to demonstrate suitability or talent)
    Synonym: casting
* (countable, law) interrogation (act of interrogating or questioning; examination by questions; inquiry)
    Synonym: interrogacja

#### Related terms

* przesłuchać pf
* przesłuchiwać impf

### Further reading

* przesłuchanie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* przesłuchanie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Bizancio
## Esperanto
### Etymology

From Bizanco +‎ -io.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bizanˈt͡sio]
* Rhymes: -io
* Hyphenation: Bi‧zan‧ci‧o

### Proper noun

Bizancio (accusative Bizancion)
* Byzantium, Byzantine empire

### See also

* Bizanco

## Galician
### Etymology

From Latin Byzantium.

### Proper noun

Bizancio m
* Byzantium

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin Bȳzantium, from Ancient Greek Βῡζᾰ́ντῐον (Būzắntĭon).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /biˈθanθjo/ [biˈθãn̟.θjo]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /biˈsansjo/ [biˈsãn.sjo]
* Rhymes: -anθjo
* Rhymes: -ansjo
* Syllabification: Bi‧zan‧cio

### Proper noun

Bizancio m
* Byzantium (ancient Greek city)

#### Related terms

* bizantino
# wielkouchy
## Polish
### Etymology

From wielki +‎ -o- +‎ ucho +‎ -y. Compare Czech velkouchý, Slovak veľkouchý, Slovene velikoùh, Ukrainian великовухий (velykovuxyj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vjɛl.kɔˈu.xɘ/
* Rhymes: -uxɘ
* Syllabification: wiel‧ko‧u‧chy

### Adjective

wielkouchy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (of animals) large-eared
    Synonyms: uchaty, uszaty
    Coordinate term: długouchy

#### Related terms

* wielkouch
* wielkouchowate

### Further reading

* wielkouchy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# duby smalone
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “singed oaks”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdu.bɘ smaˈlɔ.nɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Syllabification: du‧by sma‧lo‧ne

### Noun

duby smalone nvir pl
* (idiomatic, literary) bunkum, poppycock
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:nonsens

#### Derived terms

* pleść dupy smalone impf

#### Related terms

* smolisty
* dąb
* duby
* smoła
* smalić impf

### Further reading

* duby smalone in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* duby smalone in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “duby”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
# prospección
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin prospectiōnis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /pɾospeɡˈθjon/ [pɾos.peɣ̞ˈθjõn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /pɾospeɡˈsjon/ [pɾos.peɣ̞ˈsjõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: pros‧pec‧ción

### Noun

prospección f (plural prospecciones)
* research
** 2015 October 19, “Fomento frena un plan para buscar gas y petróleo en el Mediterráneo”, in El País‎:El Ministerio de Medio Ambiente solicitó el estudio, imprescindible para decidir si autoriza la prospección, que emplea cañones de aire comprimido susceptibles de afectar a la fauna .(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* prospecting

#### Antonyms

* (prospecting) retrospección

#### Related terms

* prospectivo

### Further reading

* “prospección”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# siristä
## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsiristæˣ/, [ˈs̠iris̠tæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -iristæ
* Hyphenation: si‧ris‧tä

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *ciristäk, equivalent to sir- +‎ -istä; from an onomatopoeic root.

#### Verb

siristä
* (intransitive) to buzz

##### Derived terms

* sirahtaa
* sirinä

#### Further reading

* “siristä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

siristä
* inflection of siristää:
** present active indicative connegative
** second-person singular present imperative
** second-person singular present active imperative connegative
# sebil
## English
### Etymology 1

From Arabic سبيل (sabīl) or Turkish sebil.

#### Noun

sebil (plural sebils)
* A fountain, a small structure in a Muslim area where water is freely dispensed to members of the public.
** 2014, David J. Roxburgh, Envisioning Islamic Art and Architecture: Essays in Honor of Renata Holod, BRILL, →ISBN:Her tomb is at the far end of the complex, completed in 1796, which also includes a sebil, soup kitchen, school, large cemetery, […]
** 2016, The Mediterranean Medina: International Seminar, Gangemi Editore spa, →ISBN, page 260:Addition of architectonic elements for public use to these walls, sebil and fountains, also gives them particular volume […]

##### Alternative forms

* sabil

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

sebil (plural sebils)
* (possibly obsolete) Alternative form of cebil
** 1868, Henry Charles Ross-Johnson, A Long Vacation in the Argentine Alps: Or, Where to Settle in the River Plate States..., page 141:Don Carlos is supposed to prepare the most and best kid skins in South America, thanks to the bark of the sebil tree, vast forests of which grow on these ranges and in Tucuman. Don Carlos is a capital fellow, speaks French, English, German, ...
** 1886, Juan Pelleschi, Eight Months on the Gran Chaco of the Argentine Republic, London: S. Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, page 247:Growing with or near the sebil, we find the two cedars, the white and the pink; the lapaccio, that we have remarked likewise in the sub-zone of the urunday, the walnut, the laurel, the tatane, the pacara, the mulberry, the tipa, the male oak, the ...
** 1897, University of Pennsylvania. University Museum, Bulletin, page 168:[...] and as the bark of the curupau tree, which from its name and general description may be a niopo tree, serves, according to Cardus, to tan hides in eastern Bolivia, so in like manner the bark of sebil is used to tan hides ...

### Anagrams

* Biles, Bisel, Eblis, Liebs, biles, blies, lesbi

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish سبیل (sebil), from Arabic سَبِيل (sabīl).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /seˈbil/, (definite accusative) /se.biːˈli/
* Hyphenation: se‧bil

### Noun

sebil (definite accusative sebili, plural sebiller)
* free distribution of water on holy days
* sebil, a building where water is freely distributed to the public
    Synonym: sebilhane
* (dialectal) free distribution of licorice

#### Derived terms

* sebil etmek
* sebilci
* sebilhane

#### Related terms

* fisebilillah

### Further reading

* “sebil”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “sebil”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# occupied
## English

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈɒkjʊpaɪd/
** Audio (London):(file)
* (General American, Canada) IPA: /ˈɑkjəpaɪd/
** Audio (US):(file)
* (General Australian) IPA: /ˈɔkjəpɑɪd/
* Hyphenation: oc‧cu‧pied

### Adjective

occupied (comparative more occupied, superlative most occupied)
* Reserved; engaged.
    The stall on the left is occupied.
* Busy; unavailable.
    She is occupied at the moment.
* Subjugated; under the control of a foreign military presence.
    My father travelled to occupied Japan in December 1945.
** 2019 April 10, qntm, “CASE HATE RED”, in SCP Foundation‎, archived from the original on 29 May 2024:As he creeps towards the main road, someone, another occupied former human, pokes their head around the corner, then calls to others in the strange language, pointing him out. Wheeler stops in his tracks. In another moment, ten or eleven non-people are advancing on him from the road. Two of them are carrying something with them, a limp, badly broken human— a normal human, Wheeler realises with some shock, like him.

#### Hyponyms

* owner-occupied

#### Derived terms

* human-occupied vehicle

#### Translations
### Interjection

occupied
* Used to communicate that a toilet is unavailable.

#### Synonyms

* ocupado (humorous, US)

#### Translations
### Verb

occupied
* simple past and past participle of occupy
# pipí
## Catalan
### Verb

pipí
* first-person singular preterite indicative of pipar

## Spanish
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piˈpi/ [piˈpi]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -i
* Syllabification: pi‧pí

### Noun

pipí m (uncountable)
* (childish) urine
    Synonyms: pis, orina, pichí, meado

#### Derived terms

* hacer pipí

### Further reading

* “pipí”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# distributed
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɪsˈtɹɪbjutɪd/, (less common) /ˈdɪstɹɪbjutɪd/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: dis‧trib‧ut‧ed

### Verb

distributed
* simple past and past participle of distribute

### Adjective

distributed (comparative more distributed, superlative most distributed)
* Spread across a relatively wide area.
* (computing) Involving numerous separate computers or entities, rather than the traditional one.
    distributed computing
    distributed ray tracing

#### Derived terms

* biodistributed
* codistributed
* distributed hash table
* distributed ledger
* distributedly
* distributedness
* equidistributed
* geodistributed
* maldistributed
* nondistributed
* undistributed
# balansować
## Polish
### Etymology

From balans +‎ -ować. Compare Kashubian balansowac and Slovincian balanzérac.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba.lanˈsɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ba‧lan‧so‧wać

### Verb

balansować impf
* (intransitive) to balance (to maintain equilibrium) [with na (+ locative) or między (+ instrumental)]
* (intransitive) to teeter (to tilt back and forth on an edge) [with na (+ locative) or między (+ instrumental)]
* (intransitive) to manoeuvre, to prevaricate
    Synonym: lawirować

#### Derived terms

* przebalansować
* zbalansować

#### Related terms

* balansowy
* balansista
* balansjer
* balansjera
* balansjerka
* balansówka

### Further reading

* balansować in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* balansować in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# primaaprilisowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From prima aprilis +‎ -owy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pri.ma.a.pri.liˈsɔ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: pri‧ma‧a‧pri‧li‧so‧wy

### Adjective

primaaprilisowy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) April Fools' Day, All Fools' Day (the first day in April, when tricks and practical jokes are traditionally played)

#### Related terms

* prima aprilis

### Further reading

* primaaprilisowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# nepozorný
## Czech
### Etymology

From ne- +‎ pozorný.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛpozorniː]

### Adjective

nepozorný (comparative nepozornější, superlative nejnepozornější, adverb nepozorně)
* inattentive
    Antonym: pozorný

#### Derived terms

* nepozornost f

### Further reading

* “nepozorný”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “nepozorný”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “nepozorný”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɲepɔzɔrniː]

### Adjective

nepozorný (adverb nepozorne)
* inattentive

#### Derived terms

* nepozornosť

### Further reading

* “nepozorný”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# exopodite
## English
### Etymology

From exo- +‎ podite.

### Noun

exopodite (plural exopodites)
* (zoology) The external part of the uropod.

#### Derived terms

* exopoditic
# kumpelski
## Polish
### Etymology

From kumpel +‎ -ski.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kumˈpɛl.ski/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛlski
* Syllabification: kum‧pel‧ski

### Adjective

kumpelski (not comparable, derived adverb kumpelsko)
* (colloquial, relational) buddy, mate, pal
    Synonym: kumplowski

#### Related terms

* kumplowski
* kumplowsko
* kumpel
* kumpela
* kumpelka
* kumpelstwo
* kumplostwo
* kumplować impf
* skumplować pf
* zakumplować pf

### Further reading

* kumpelski in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kumpelski in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# zakonkludować
## Polish
### Etymology

From za- +‎ konkludować.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /za.kɔŋ.kluˈdɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: za‧kon‧klu‧do‧wać

### Verb

zakonkludować pf (imperfective konkludować)
* (transitive, archaic) to conclude (to come to a conclusion)
    Synonyms: podsumować, wywnioskować

#### Related terms

* konkluzywny
* konkluzja

### Further reading

* zakonkludować in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# turzy
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *turьjь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtu.ʐɘ/
* Rhymes: -uʐɘ
* Syllabification: tu‧rzy

### Adjective

turzy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) aurochs (Bos primigenius)

#### Related terms

* tur

### Further reading

* turzy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# aktualia
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin āctuālia. First attested in 1901.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ak.tuˈa.lja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -alja
* Syllabification: ak‧tu‧a‧lia

### Noun

aktualia nvir pl
* (literary) current events

#### Related terms

* aktualistyczny
* aktualny
* nieaktualny
* zdezaktualizowany
* aktualnie
* aktualista
* aktualizacja
* aktualizm
* aktualność
* dezaktualizacja
* nieaktualność
* aktualizować
* dezaktualizować
* uaktualniać
* uaktualnić
* zaktualizować
* zdezaktualizować

### References

* ↑ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “aktualia”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
* ↑ Słowo‎ (in Polish), number R.20, nr 3, 1901, page 1
* ↑ aktualia in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* aktualia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* aktualia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# kessutella
## Finnish
### Etymology

From kessuttaa +‎ -ella.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkesːutelːɑˣ/, [ˈk̟e̞s̠ːuˌt̪e̞lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -elːɑ
* Hyphenation: kes‧su‧tel‧la

### Verb

kessutella (colloquial)
* (intransitive) to smoke (cigarettes)

#### Synonyms

* tupakoida

#### Derived terms

* kessutteleminen
* kessuttelija
* kessuttelu

### Further reading

* “kessutella”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# podkładzina
## Polish
### Etymology

From podkładać +‎ -ina. First attested in 1645, but in common usage only as of 1829.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔt.kwaˈd͡ʑi.na/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /pɔt.kɫaˈd͡ʑi.na/
* Rhymes: -ina
* Syllabification: pod‧kła‧dzi‧na

### Noun

podkładzina f
* (obsolete, construction) Synonym of murłata

#### Usage notes

The word was originally plurale tantum, but later the singular became the base form.

#### Related terms

* podkładkowy
* podkładowy
* podkład
* podkładacz
* podkładek
* podkładka
* kładać impf
* kłaść impf
* podkładać impf

### References

* ↑ Szymon Starowolski (1645) Swiatnica panska ; Zamykaiaca w sobie kazania na vroczystosci swiat calego roku (Predigten über die Heiligen des Jahres)‎ (in Polish), Schedl, page 35
* ↑ Karol Podczaszyński (1829) Początki architektury dla użytku młodzi akademickiéy. Cz. 2‎ (in Polish), page 57

### Further reading

* podkładzina in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “podkładzina”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “podkładzina”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 363
* podkładzina in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# aktualizm
## Polish
### Etymology

From aktualny +‎ -izm. First attested in 1884.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ak.tuˈa.lizm/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -alizm
* Syllabification: ak‧tu‧a‧lizm

### Noun

aktualizm m inan
* (philosophy) actualism (belief that only actual things exist, and merely possible things do not)
* (geology) uniformitarianism (principle that natural processes operated in the past in the same way and at the same rates that they operate today)
    aktualizm geologiczny ― geological uniformitarianism

#### Related terms

* aktualistyczny
* aktualny
* nieaktualny
* zdezaktualizowany
* aktualnie
* aktualia
* aktualista
* aktualizacja
* aktualność
* dezaktualizacja
* nieaktualność
* aktualizować
* dezaktualizować
* uaktualniać
* uaktualnić
* zaktualizować
* zdezaktualizować

### References

* ↑ Kosmos: czasopismo Polskiego Towarzystwa Przyrodników imienia Kopernika‎ (in Polish), number 9, 1884, page 77
* ↑ aktualizm in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* aktualizm in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* aktualizm in Polish dictionaries at PWN