# gell
## English
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

gell (plural gells)
* Pronunciation spelling of girl.
** 1861, George Eliot, “Chapter 14”, in Silas Marner:Well, mayhap that'll do, as it's a little gell, for they're easier persuaded to sit i' one place nor the lads.
** 1906, Edith Nesbit, The Railway Children, Chapter 4: "The engine-burglar":
    "You're a naughty little gell, that's what you are," said the fireman, and the engine-driver said:--
    "Daring little piece, I call her," but they made her sit down on an iron seat in the cab and told her to stop crying and tell them what she meant by it.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

gell (plural gells)
* Alternative form of gill (“a leech”)

## Breton
### Noun

gell
* Soft mutation of kell.

### Adjective

gell
* brown

### See also

Colors in Breton · livioù (layout · text) :
| gwenn | louet | du |
| ruz | orañjez, melen-ruz; gell | melen |
| | gwer, glas | |
| cyan | | glas |
| | magenta; glasruz | roz |

## Cornish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɛlː/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *gello- (“yellow”) or *gelo- (“white”) (compare Middle Welsh gell (“yellow”), Old Irish gel (“white, fair, shining”), whence Irish geal (“white, bright”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“gleam, yellow”) (compare English yellow, Ancient Greek χλωρός (khlōrós, “light green”), Latin helvus (“dull yellow”), Lithuanian žalias (“green”), Persian زر (zar, “yellow”), Sanskrit हरि (hari, “greenish-yellow”), Welsh gwelw (“pale”)).

#### Adjective

gell
* light brown, tan, fawn
    gell:

##### Derived terms

* gell kesten (“chestnut brown”)
* gellburpur (“puce”)
* gellrudh (“auburn”)
* gellvelyn (“tawny”)

##### Related terms

* gorm (“dark brown”)

##### See also

Colors in Cornish · liwyow (layout · text) :
| gwynn | loos, glas | du |
| rudh; kogh | rudhvelyn, melynrudh; gell, gorm | melyn; losvelyn |
| | gwyrdh, gwer, glas | |
| glaswyrdh, glaswer; gwerlas | glaswyn, blou | glas |
| glasrudh, purpur; indigo | majenta; purpur, glasrudh | gwynnrudh, kigliw |

#### Mutation
### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

gell
* Soft mutation of kell.

## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɛl/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛl

### Etymology 1

From gellen.

#### Adjective

gell (strong nominative masculine singular geller, comparative geller, superlative am gellsten)
* (literary) shrill

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Clipping of gelt es, from gelten (“to be valid”).

#### Particle

gell
* (colloquial, regional, Southern Germany, Switzerland, Austria, South Tyrol, Liechtenstein, Alsace) emphasis and question marker particle; asks for confirmation; right?; eh?; isn't it, innit?
    Synonyms: oder, (Chiefly Northwestern Germany) ne, (Eastern Germany) wa; see also Thesaurus:nicht wahr
    Wir gehen, gell? ― We’re going, aren’t we?
    Du verstehst mich, gell? ― You understand me, right?

##### Alternative forms

* gelle, gelt

### Further reading

* “gell (adjective)” in Duden online
* “gell (interjection)” in Duden online
* “gell” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

## Icelandic
### Verb

gell (strong)
* first-person singular present indicative of gjalla

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *geldom (“pledge”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (compare Proto-Germanic *geldaną (“to pay”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡʲel͈/

### Noun

gell n
* pledge, surety
* hostage
* stake, wager

#### Inflection

Neuter o-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | gell$^N$ | gell$^N$ | gell$^L$, gella |
| Vocative | gell$^N$ | gell$^N$ | gell$^L$, gella |
| Accusative | gell$^N$ | gell$^N$ | gell$^L$, gella |
| Genitive | gill$^L$ | gell | gell$^N$ |
| Dative | giull$^L$ | gellaib | gellaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Derived terms

* gellach
* gellaid
* forcell

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: gell
** Irish: geall
** Scottish Gaelic: geall
* ⇒ Middle Irish: gillán

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gell”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɛɬ/
* Rhymes: -ɛɬ

### Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

gell
* Soft mutation of cell.

#### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Etymology 2

From Middle Welsh gell (“yellow”), from Proto-Celtic *gellos (“yellow”) or *gelos (“white”) (compare Old Irish gel (“white, fair, shining”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“gleam, yellow”) (compare English yellow, Ancient Greek χλωρός (khlōrós, “light green”), Latin helvus (“dull yellow”), Lithuanian žalias (“green”), Persian زر (zar, “yellow”), Sanskrit हरि (hari, “greenish-yellow”)).

#### Adjective

gell (feminine singular gell, plural gell, equative gelled, comparative gellach, superlative gellaf)
* bay (colour)

##### Derived terms

* gellgi (“a Welsh staghound”)

#### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gell”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies