OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# пульсувати
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From пульс (pulʹs) +‎ -ува́ти (-uváty). Compare Belarusian пульсава́ць (pulʹsavácʹ), Polish pulsować, Russian пульси́ровать (pulʹsírovatʹ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʊlʲsʊˈʋate]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

пульсува́ти • (pulʹsuváty) impf
* (intransitive) to pulsate, to throb

#### Derived terms

* пульсува́ння n (pulʹsuvánnja)

#### Related terms

* пульс m (pulʹs)
* пульса́р m (pulʹsár)
* пульса́тор m (pulʹsátor)
* пульса́ція f (pulʹsácija)
* пульсови́й (pulʹsovýj)

### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1977), “пульсувати”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 8 (Природа – Ряхтливий), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 388
* “пульсувати”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

### Further reading

* A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “пульсувати”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “пульсувати”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “пульсувати”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “пульсувати”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# aeroespacio
## Spanish
### Etymology

From aero- +‎ espacio.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /aeɾoesˈpaθjo/ [a.e.ɾo.esˈpa.θjo]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /aeɾoesˈpasjo/ [a.e.ɾo.esˈpa.sjo]
* Rhymes: -aθjo
* Rhymes: -asjo
* Syllabification: a‧e‧ro‧es‧pa‧cio

### Noun

aeroespacio m (plural aeroespacios)
* aerospace (Earth's atmosphere and space the around it)

#### Related terms

* aeroespacial
# wygórowany
## Polish
### Etymology

From wygórować +‎ -any.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɘ.ɡu.rɔˈva.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -anɘ
* Syllabification: wy‧gó‧ro‧wa‧ny

### Adjective

wygórowany (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* excessive, exorbitant, extortionate, inflated, inordinate, steep, unreasonable

#### Related terms

* wygórować

### Further reading

* wygórowany in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wygórowany in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# homehtua
## Finnish
### Etymology

home (“mould”) +‎ -htua

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhomehtuɑˣ/, [ˈho̞me̞hˌt̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uɑ
* Hyphenation: ho‧meh‧tua

### Verb

homehtua
* (intransitive) To grow moldy, mildew.
* (intransitive, figuratively) To become stale.

#### Derived terms

* homehduttaa
* homehtuminen

### Further reading

* “homehtua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From home (“mould”) +‎ -htua. Akin to Finnish homehtua.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈhomehtuɑ/, [ˈho̞me̞hˌtuɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈhomehtuɑ/, [ˈho̞me̞hˌtuɑ]
* (Hevaha) IPA: /ˈhomehtuɑk/, [ˈho̞me̞hˌtuɑɡ̊]
* Rhymes: -uɑ
* Hyphenation: ho‧meh‧tu‧a

### Verb

homehtua
* (intransitive) to grow moldy

#### Derived terms

* homehuttaa

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 67
* Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 37
# smadelijk
## Dutch
### Etymology

From smaad +‎ -lijk.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

smadelijk (comparative smadelijker, superlative smadelijkst)
* slanderous, dishonourable

#### Related terms

* versmadelijk
# agasajar
## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *adgasaliāre, from Latin ad- + Vandalic *gasalja (“companion, comrade”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aɡasaˈxaɾ/ [a.ɣ̞a.saˈxaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: a‧ga‧sa‧jar

### Verb

agasajar (first-person singular present agasajo, first-person singular preterite agasajé, past participle agasajado)
* (transitive) to wine and dine, treat lavishly
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 61:César y los suyos se acogeron al amparo de este poderoso señor, el cual los agasajó mucho, regalándoles, además, cuando dejaron sus dominios, buen número de piezas de oro y plata.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (transitive) to lavish

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* agasajo

### Further reading

* “agasajar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Mapaang
## English
### Proper noun

Mapaang
* A barangay of Maco, Davao de Oro, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Anibongan, Anislagan, Binuangan, Bucana, Calabcab, Concepcion, Dumlan, Elizalde, Gubatan, Hijo, Kinuban, Langgam, Lapu-lapu, Libay-libay, Limbo, Lumatab, Magangit, Mainit, Malamodao, Manipongol, Mapaang, Masara, New Asturias, New Barili, New Leyte, New Visayas, Panangan, Pangi, Panibasan, Panoraon, Poblacion, San Juan, San Roque, Sangab, Tagbaros, Taglawig, Teresa — barangays of Maco
# abelyana
## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

From Spanish avellana.

### Adjective

abelyána
* brown, hazel

### Noun

abelyána
* hazelnut

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish avellana, from Latin abellana.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔabelˈjana/ [ʔɐ.bɛlˈjaː.n̪ɐ]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: a‧bel‧ya‧na

### Noun

abelyana (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈ)
* hazelnut

#### Related terms

* abelyano

### Adjective

abelyana (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜊᜒᜎ᜔ᜌᜈ)
* tan; hazel

### Further reading

* “abelyana”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# escabechar
## Galician
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskabeˈt͡ʃaɾ/ [es̺.kɑ.β̞eˈt͡ʃaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Hyphenation: es‧ca‧be‧char

### Verb

escabechar (first-person singular present escabecho, first-person singular preterite escabechei, past participle escabechado)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Related terms

* escabeche

#### Further reading

* “escabechar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* “escabechar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

## Spanish
### Etymology

From escabeche +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskabeˈt͡ʃaɾ/ [es.ka.β̞eˈt͡ʃaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: es‧ca‧be‧char

### Verb

escabechar (first-person singular present escabecho, first-person singular preterite escabeché, past participle escabechado)
* (transitive) to pickle
    Synonym: encurtir
* (transitive, slang) to kill

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* escabechina

### Further reading

* “escabechar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# niepomyślny
## Polish
### Etymology

From nie- +‎ pomyślny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲɛ.pɔˈmɘɕl.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘɕlnɘ
* Syllabification: nie‧po‧myśl‧ny

### Adjective

niepomyślny (not comparable, derived adverb niepomyślnie)
* inauspicious, misfortunate, unfortunate
    Synonym: niekorzystny
    Antonym: pomyślny

#### Derived terms

* niepomyślność

### Further reading

* niepomyślny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# esthetic
## English
### Adjective

esthetic (comparative more esthetic, superlative most esthetic)
* (American spelling) Alternative form of aesthetic

#### Derived terms

* dysesthetic
* esthetical
* esthetically
* esthetic information
* estheticism
* estheticize
* esthetic surgery
* hyperesthetic
* inesthetic
* macroesthetic
* microesthetic
* neuroesthetic
* nonesthetic

### Anagrams

* chetties, techiest
# desbordado
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /desboɾˈdado/ [d̪ez.β̞oɾˈð̞a.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -ado
* Syllabification: des‧bor‧da‧do

### Adjective

desbordado (feminine desbordada, masculine plural desbordados, feminine plural desbordadas)
* excessive, overfull

#### Derived terms

* desbordadamente

### Participle

desbordado (feminine desbordada, masculine plural desbordados, feminine plural desbordadas)
* past participle of desbordar
# soğan
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *sōgun.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

soğan (definite accusative soğanı, plural soğanlar)
* onion

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: սողան (soġan) — Karabakh

## Crimean Tatar

Other scripts :
| Cyrillic | согъан |
| Roman | |

### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *sogan (“onion”).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: so‧ğan

### Noun

soğan
* onion

#### Derived terms

* soğancı
* soğanlı

#### References

* Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
* “soğan”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Salar
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *sogan.

### Pronunciation

* (Mengda, Xunhua, Ashnu, Hualong, Qinghai, Ili, Samuyuzi, Yining, Xinjiang) IPA: [soʁɑn]
* (Jiezi, Gaizi, Jishi, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA: [soʁɨn]
* (Qingshui, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA: [soɣæn]

### Noun

soğan (3rd person possessive [please provide], plural [please provide])
* onion

### References

* Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “soğan”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 484
* 马伟 (Ma Wei), 朝克 (Chao Ke) (2016) “soğan”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages ​​- Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 国家社会科学基金项目 (National Social Science Foundation Project), page 267
* Yakup, Abdurishid (2002) “soğan”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon‎, Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 160

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish صوغان (soğan), from Proto-Turkic *sōgun.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /soːan/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

soğan (definite accusative soğanı, plural soğanlar)
* onion; the bulbs of the plant Allium cepa
    Synonym: kuru soğan
* scallion, spring onion
    Synonyms: yeşil soğan, taze soğan, göksoğan
* (botany) bulb, bulb-shaped portion of plants such as tulip, lily, garlic etc.
    lale soğanları ― tulip bulbs

#### Derived terms

* soğancı
* soğan kebabı
* soğan çiçeği
* soğan cücüğü

### Further reading

* “soğan”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# ahari
## Basque
### Alternative forms

* ahai (Souletin)

### Etymology

From Proto-Basque *anari.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: (Navarro-Lapurdian) /ahaɾi/ [a.ha.ɾi]
* IPA: (Southern) /aɾi/ [a.ɾi]
* Rhymes: -aɾi
* Hyphenation: a‧ha‧ri

### Noun

ahari anim
* ram (male sheep)

#### Derived terms

* ahari-joko
* ahari-talka
* ahari-topeka
* Aharia (“Aries”)
* ahariki (“ram meat”)
* ahariko
* aharito

### Further reading

* “ahari”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
* “ahari”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
# Panibasan
## English
### Proper noun

Panibasan
* A barangay of Maco, Davao de Oro, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Anibongan, Anislagan, Binuangan, Bucana, Calabcab, Concepcion, Dumlan, Elizalde, Gubatan, Hijo, Kinuban, Langgam, Lapu-lapu, Libay-libay, Limbo, Lumatab, Magangit, Mainit, Malamodao, Manipongol, Mapaang, Masara, New Asturias, New Barili, New Leyte, New Visayas, Panangan, Pangi, Panibasan, Panoraon, Poblacion, San Juan, San Roque, Sangab, Tagbaros, Taglawig, Teresa — barangays of Maco
# 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-) +‎ 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (niman).

### Verb

𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 • (andniman)
* to accept, take in, adopt
* to receive (in return)
** Naples deed, c. 550:
    𐌹𐌺 𐌼𐌴𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌰 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌿𐍆𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌼 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌻𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍃 ·𐌾· ...ik mērila bōkareis handau meinai ufmēlida jah andnēmum skilliggans ·j· ...I, Merila the scribe, signed by hand and received sixty shillings ...

#### Conjugation

Class 4 strong :
| Infinitive | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 andniman | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 andniman | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 andniman |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰 andnima | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌰𐌼 andnam | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌳𐌰 andnimada |
| 2nd singular | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌹𐍃 andnimis | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍄 andnamt | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌶𐌰 andnimaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌸 andnimiþ | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌰𐌼 andnam | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌳𐌰 andnimada |
| 1st dual | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐍉𐍃 andnimōs | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿 andnēmu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍄𐍃 andnimats | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐍄𐍃 andnēmuts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌼 andnimam | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌼 andnēmum | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 andnimanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌸 andnimiþ | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌸 andnēmuþ | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 andnimanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳 andnimand | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌽 andnēmun | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 andnimanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌿 andnimau | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌿 andnēmjau | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 andnimaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍃 andnimais | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐍃 andnēmeis | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 andnimaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹 andnimai | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌹 andnēmi | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 andnimaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 andnimaiwa | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 andnēmeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 andnimaits | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 andnēmeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 andnimaima | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 andnēmeima | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 andnimaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌸 andnimaiþ | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌸 andnēmeiþ | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 andnimaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 andnimaina | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 andnēmeina | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 andnimaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼 andnim | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 andnimadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍄𐍃 andnimats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌸 andnimiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 andnimandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 andnimands | 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌿𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃 andnumans | |

#### Related terms

* 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌼 (andanēm)
* 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (andanēmeigs)
* 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌼𐍃 (andanēms)
* 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌿𐌼𐍄𐍃 (andanumts)
# cían
## Old Irish
### Alternative forms

* cén

### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *keinos. The noun is a feminine substantivization of the adjective.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʲiːa̯n]

### Adjective

cían
* far, distant
    Antonym: ocus
* long-lasting
For quotations using this term, see Citations:cían.

#### Declension

o/ā-stem :
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | cían | cían | cían |
| Vocative | céin* cían** | cían | cían |
| Accusative | cían | céin | cían |
| Genitive | céin | céine | céin |
| Dative | cían | céin | cían |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | Feminine/neuter |
| Nominative | céin | cíana | cíana |
| Vocative | cíanu cíana† | cíana | cíana |
| Accusative | cíanu cíana† | cíana | cíana |
| Genitive | cían | cían | cían |
| Dative | cíanaib | cíanaib | cíanaib |
| Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized |

### Noun

cían f
* a long (period of) time

#### Declension

Feminine ā-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | cían$^L$ | céin$^L$ | cíana$^H$ |
| Vocative | cían$^L$ | céin$^L$ | cíana$^H$ |
| Accusative | céin$^N$ | céin$^L$ | cíana$^H$ |
| Genitive | céine$^H$ | cían$^L$ | cían$^N$ |
| Dative | céin$^L$ | cíanaib | cíanaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Derived terms

* cach la céin (“at one time”)
* céin (“since”, conjunction)
* íar céin (“after a while”)
* in céin (“since”, conjunction)
* in céin n-aili (“at another time”)
* ó chéin (“from long ago”)

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: cían
** Irish: cian
** Scottish Gaelic: cian

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cían”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /ˈθian/ [ˈθi.ãn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈsian/ [ˈsi.ãn]
* Rhymes: -ian
* Syllabification: cí‧an

### Verb

cían
* third-person plural present indicative of ciar
# żuwaczka
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʐuˈvat͡ʂ.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at͡ʂka
* Syllabification: żu‧wacz‧ka

### Noun

żuwaczka f
* the mandible of an arthropod

#### Related terms

* szczęka
* żuchwa
* żuć
* żwać

### Further reading

* żuwaczka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# aplatanar
## Spanish
### Etymology

From a- +‎ plátano +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aplataˈnaɾ/ [a.pla.t̪aˈnaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: a‧pla‧ta‧nar

### Verb

aplatanar (first-person singular present aplatano, first-person singular preterite aplatané, past participle aplatanado)
* to turn indolent
* (reflexive) to become indolent

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Derived terms

* aplatanamiento

### Further reading

* “aplatanar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# górnictwo
## Polish
### Etymology

From górnik +‎ -ctwo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡurˈɲi.t͡stfɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -it͡stfɔ
* Syllabification: gór‧ni‧ctwo

### Noun

górnictwo n
* mining (business of removing solid valuables from the earth)

#### Related terms

* góra
* górnik

### Further reading

* górnictwo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* górnictwo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# floreana
## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* floriana (archaic)

### Etymology

From Juan José Flores, first president of Ecuador, + -ana (“-an, -ist”), from the surname Flores, q.v.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /floɾeˈana/ [flo.ɾeˈa.na]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: flo‧re‧a‧na

### Adjective

floreana m or f (masculine and feminine plural floreanas)
* of or pertaining to Juan José Flores

#### Derived terms

* Floreana

### Noun

floreana m (plural floreanas, feminine floreana, feminine plural floreanas)
* a supporter of Juan José Flores
# Panangan
## English
### Proper noun

Panangan
* A barangay of Maco, Davao de Oro, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Anibongan, Anislagan, Binuangan, Bucana, Calabcab, Concepcion, Dumlan, Elizalde, Gubatan, Hijo, Kinuban, Langgam, Lapu-lapu, Libay-libay, Limbo, Lumatab, Magangit, Mainit, Malamodao, Manipongol, Mapaang, Masara, New Asturias, New Barili, New Leyte, New Visayas, Panangan, Pangi, Panibasan, Panoraon, Poblacion, San Juan, San Roque, Sangab, Tagbaros, Taglawig, Teresa — barangays of Maco
# σάνδαλον
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* σάμβαλον (sámbalon) — Aeolic

### Etymology

Likely from Pre-Greek or some other foreign source, in view of the alternation "νδ/μβ".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sán.da.lon/ → /ˈsan.da.lon/ → /ˈsan.da.lon/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /sán.da.lon/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈsan.da.lon/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈsan.da.lon/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈsan.da.lon/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈsan.da.lon/

### Noun

σάνδᾰλον • (sándălon) n (genitive σανδάλου); second declension
* A sandal
* A flat fish similar to ψῆττα (psêtta)

#### Derived terms

* ἀσάνδαλος (asándalos)
* γυμνοσάνδαλος (gumnosándalos)
* μονοσάνδαλος (monosándalos)
* σανδάλιον (sandálion)
* σανδαλίς (sandalís)
* σανδαλίσκος (sandalískos)
* σανδαλοθήκη (sandalothḗkē)
* σανδαλώδης (sandalṓdēs)
* ὑποσάνδαλος (huposándalos)
* χαλκοσάνδαλος (khalkosándalos)
* χρυσεοσάνδαλος (khruseosándalos)
* χρυσοσάνδαλος (khrusosándalos)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σάνδαλον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1305

### Further reading

* “σάνδαλον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* σάνδαλον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
# lamentável
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin lāmentābilis. By surface analysis, lamentar +‎ -ável.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /la.mẽˈta.vew/ [la.mẽˈta.veʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /lɐ.mẽˈta.vɛl/ [lɐ.mẽˈta.vɛɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /lɐ.mẽˈta.vɛl/ [lɐ.mẽˈta.vɛɫ]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /lɐ.mẽˈta.bɛl/ [lɐ.mẽˈta.βɛɫ]
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -avɛl
* Hyphenation: la‧men‧tá‧vel

### Adjective

lamentável m or f (plural lamentáveis, comparable, comparative mais lamentável, superlative o mais lamentável or lamentabilíssimo)
* lamentable
* pitiful
    Synonym: lastimoso

#### Derived terms

* lamentavelmente

#### Related terms

* lamentar

### Further reading

* “lamentável”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# goliat
## Polish
### Etymology

From Goliat.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡɔ.ljat/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔljat
* Syllabification: go‧liat
* Homophone: Goliat

### Noun

goliat m pers
* (literary) goliath (someone that is abnormally large or powerful)
    Hypernym: olbrzym

#### Declension
### Noun

goliat m animal
* (literary) goliath (animal or object that is abnormally large or powerful)
* (literary) goliath (state, institution, organization, or a group of people who have an advantage over others through their influence and material, economic, or military power)
* (historical, military) Goliath tracked mine

#### Related terms

* Goliat

### Further reading

* goliat in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* goliat in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Spanish
### Noun

goliat m (plural goliats)
* goliath
** 2017 August, “El último de los cuatro hermanos gudaris Sagastibeltza. Deia, Noticias de Bizkaia”, in Deia‎:Ellos dieron la vida formando parte de un pequeñito Ejército de Euzkadi contra un goliat.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
# dwarfish
## English
### Alternative forms

* dwarvish

### Etymology

From dwarf +‎ -ish.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

dwarfish (comparative more dwarfish, superlative most dwarfish)
* Like a dwarf; being especially small or stunted.
** c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:[…] now does he feel his title / Hang loose about him, like a giant's robe / Upon a dwarfish thief.
** 1757, Edmund Burke, A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful, Section XXIV, in The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke, London: John C. Nimmo, 1887, Volume I, p. 242,
    Besides the extraordinary great in every species, the opposite to this, the dwarfish and diminutive, ought to be considered. Littleness, merely as such, has nothing contrary to the idea of beauty.
** 1843, Edgar Allan Poe, The Gold-Bug‎:The vegetation, as might be supposed, is scant, or at least dwarfish.
** 1886, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde‎:Mr. Hyde was pale and dwarfish, he gave an impression of deformity without any nameable malformation […]
** 1933 January 9, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter I, in Down and Out in Paris and London, London: Victor Gollancz […], →OCLC:There were the Rougiers, for instance, an old, ragged, dwarfish couple who plied an extraordinary trade.
* Of, pertaining to, or made by or for dwarves.
    Dwarfish axes are some of the finest weapons available.

#### Derived terms

* dwarfishly
* dwarfishness