# absolutisme
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French absolutisme. Equivalent to absoluut +‎ -isme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌɑp.soː.lyˈtɪs.mə/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ab‧so‧lu‧tis‧me
* Rhymes: -ɪsmə

### Noun

absolutisme n (uncountable)
* (politics, historical, political science) absolutism (state or ideology in which the ruler is absolutely sovereign)
* (philosophy) absolutism (doctrine or philosophy involving metaphysical absolutes)

#### Related terms

* absolutist
* absolutistisch
* absoluut

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: absolutisme
** → Malay: absolutisme

## French
### Etymology

From absolu +‎ -isme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ap.sɔ.ly.tism/ ~ /ap.sɔ.ly.tizm/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

absolutisme m (plural absolutismes)
* absolutism

#### Related terms

* absolutiste
* absolutistement

#### Descendants

* → Albanian: absolutizëm
* → Dutch: absolutisme
** → Indonesian: absolutisme
*** → Malay: absolutisme
* → Norwegian: absolutisme
* → Romanian: absolutism
* → Russian: абсолютизм (absoljutizm)
** → Armenian: աբսոլյուտիզմ (absolyutizm)
** → Eastern Mari: абсолютизм (absoĺutizm)
** → Georgian: აბსოლუტიზმი (absoluṭizmi)
** → Kazakh: абсолютизм (absolütizm)

### Further reading

* “absolutisme”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed absolut +‎ -isme, from Dutch absolutisme, from French absolutisme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [apsolʊtˈɪsmə]
* Hyphenation: ab‧so‧lut‧is‧mê

### Noun

absolutismê (uncountable)
* absolutism:
** (politics, political science) the principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government.
** (philosophy) belief in a metaphysical absolute; belief in Absolute.

#### Related terms

* absolut
* absolutis

#### Descendants

* → Malay: absolutisme

### Further reading

* “absolutisme” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

Borrowed from Indonesian absolutisme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ab.so.lu.tis.mə/
* Hyphenation: ab‧so‧lu‧tis‧me
* Rhymes: -mə

### Noun

absolutisme (Jawi spelling ابسولوتيسمى, plural absolutisme-absolutisme, informal 1st possessive absolutismeku, 2nd possessive absolutismemu, 3rd possessive absolutismenya)
* (political science, sociology) absolutism.

### References

* “absolutisme” in Kamus Dewan Perdana, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2021, →ISBN, page 4.

### Further reading

* “absolutisme” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

absolutt +‎ -isme, from French absolutisme (“absolutism”), from Middle French absolut, from Latin absolūtus (“concluded, absolute”), perfect passive participle of absolvō (“complete, finish”), from both ab- (“from, off, away from”), from Latin ab (“from, away from, on, in”), from Proto-Italic *ab, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”) + and from solvō (“release, loosen, dissolve, take apart”), from both sē- (“apart-, aside-, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *s(w)ēd, the ablative singular of *s(w)é (“self”) + and from luō (“I untie, set free, separate”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”). Last part from French -isme (“-ism”), from Latin -isma, -ismus (“-ism”), from Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós, forms abstract nouns), from -μός (-mós, forms abstract nouns), from Proto-Indo-European *-mos or *-mós (creates nouns).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /absʊlʉˈtɪsmə/, /apsʊlʉˈtɪsmə/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪsmə
* Hyphenation: ab‧so‧lut‧is‧me

### Noun

absolutisme m (definite singular absolutismen, indefinite plural absolutismer, definite plural absolutismene)
* (politics, political science) absolutism (the principles or practice of absolute or arbitrary government)
    Synonyms: enevelde, despoti
** 1959, Johan Falkberget, Kjærlighets veier, page 234:en gjærende mistru til kongen og absolutismena fermenting distrust of the king and absolutism
** 1964, Lorentz Eckhoff, En verden, page 69:preg av absolutisme … arvet fra den lange rad av orientalske eller halvveis orientalske selvherskeretraits of absolutism… inherited from the long line of oriental or semi-oriental self-rulers
** 1997, Trond Berg Eriksen, Egne veier, page 192:den franske hagen var en programerklæring for absolutismen. Den ville kontrollere hver minste kvist og grenthe French Garden was a manifesto of absolutism. It would control every twig and branch
** 2014 November 30, aftenposten.no:på grunn av deres absolutisme anses [IS beklageligvis] som et uttrykk for den vaskeekte islambecause of their absolutism, [IS unfortunately] is considered an expression of the true Islam
* (philosophy) absolutism (belief in a metaphysical absolute; belief in Absolute)
** 2014 November 28, Morgenbladet, page 37:forestillingen lykkes med [å] fremstille desperasjonen [som] kan oppstå hos en sekulær person i møtet med religiøs moralsk absolutismethe performance succeeds in [producing] the desperation [that] may arise in a secular person in the face of religious moral absolutism
** 2014 December 9, Vårt Land, page 16:[gjennom historien] har filosofene argumentert mot absolutisme og åpnet for unntak[throughout history] philosophers have argued against absolutism and called for exceptions

#### Related terms

* absolutist (“absolutist”)
* absolutistisk (“absolutistic”)
* absolutt (“absolute”)

#### See also

* relativisme (“relativism”)

### References

* “absolutisme” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
* “absolutisme” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
* “absolutisme” in Store norske leksikon

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From French absolutisme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɑbsʊlʉˈtɪsmə/

### Noun

absolutisme m (definite singular absolutismen, indefinite plural absolutismar, definite plural absolutismane)
* absolutism

#### Synonyms

* einevelde

#### Related terms

* absolutist
* absolutistisk
* absolutt

### References

* “absolutisme” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.