# guth
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish guth, from Proto-Celtic *gutus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰuHtus, from *ǵʰewH- (“to call on, invoke”).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ɡuh/, (Kerry) [ɡɯh]
* (Connacht) IPA: /ɡu/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ɡuh/

### Noun

guth m (genitive singular gutha or gotha, nominative plural guthanna or gothanna or gotha)
* voice
    Synonym: glór
* vote
    Synonym: vóta

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
guth
guthanna
vocative
a ghuth
a ghuthanna
genitive
gutha
guthanna
dative
guth
guthanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an guth
na guthanna
genitive
an ghutha
na nguthanna
dative
leis an nguth don ghuth
leis na guthanna :

##### Alternative declensions

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
guth
gothanna
vocative
a ghuth
a ghothanna
genitive
gotha
gothanna
dative
guth
gothanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an guth
na gothanna
genitive
an ghotha
na ngothanna
dative
leis an nguth don ghuth
leis na gothanna :
bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
guth
gotha
vocative
a ghuth
a ghotha
genitive
gotha
guth
dative
guth
gotha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an guth
na gotha
genitive
an ghotha
na nguth
dative
leis an nguth don ghuth
leis na gotha :

#### Derived terms

* aonghuthach (“single-voiced”, adjective)
* dordghuth (“bass voice”)
* guthán m (“telephone”)
* ollghuthach (“stentorian”, adjective)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “guth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Ó Cuív, Brian (1968) The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 77, page 22; reprinted 1988
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 171, page 87
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 130
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 202, page 77

### Further reading

* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “guth”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “guth”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “guth”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “guth”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 388

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *gutus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰuHtus, from *ǵʰewH- (“to call on, invoke”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡʊθ/

### Noun

guth m (genitive gotho or gotha)
* voice
* sound
** c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 112$^b$12
    Is déniu ad·ciam húa ṡúlib risíu ro·cloammar in fogur húa chluasaib, ut est is toísigiu ad·ciam teilciud in béla resíu ro·cloammar a guth sidi.We see more quickly with the eyes before we hear the sound with the ears, ut est we see the throwing of the axe sooner before we hear the sound of this.

#### Declension

Masculine u-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | guth | guth$^L$ | gothae$^H$ |
| Vocative | guth | guth$^L$ | gothu |
| Accusative | guth$^N$ | guth$^L$ | gothu |
| Genitive | gotho$^H$, gotha$^H$ | gotho$^L$, gotha$^L$ | gothae$^N$ |
| Dative | guth$^L$ | gothaib | gothaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Descendants

* Irish: guth
* Manx: goo
* Scottish Gaelic: guth

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “guth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish guth, from Proto-Celtic *gutus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰuHtus, from *ǵʰewH- (“to call on, invoke”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kuh/

### Noun

guth m (genitive singular gutha, plural guthan)
* voice

#### Derived terms

* aon-ghuthach (“unanimous, unison”)
* guth fulangach (“passive voice”)
* guth spreigeach (“active voice”)
* guthach (“voiced”)
* neo-ghuthach (“voiceless”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “guth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “guth”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN