OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ճիվ
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* ճիւ (čiw) — traditional orthography

### Etymology

From Middle Armenian ճիվ (čiv), from Old Armenian ճիւ (čiw).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /t͡ʃiv/, [t͡ʃiv]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /d͡ʒiv/, [d͡ʒiv]

### Noun

ճիվ • (čiv)
* (dialectal) leg, shank in humans and in other vertebrates
* arm in humans; wing in birds
* (loosely) any limb
* (dialectal) thigh
* (dialectal) pubis

#### Derived terms

* ճվատել (čvatel)
* ճվտել (čvtel)
* ճվահան (čvahan)

### References

* “ճիվ”, in Žamanakakicʻ hayocʻ lezvi bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, 1969–1980
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2005) “On Armenian čiw ‘shank’”, in Iran and the Caucasus‎, volume 9, number 1, pages 81–84
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “ճիւ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press

## Middle Armenian
### Etymology

From Old Armenian ճիւ (čiw).

### Noun

ճիվ • (čiv)
* leg, shank
** 13–14th centuries, Kirakos Episkopos, Govkʻ Tʻṙčʻnocʻ [Praise of Birds] 37–40:Արագիլ մեծ հաւ ու հով, Երկայն ու բարակ ճըվերով, Ի ձոր ի վայր գայր խաղալով, Գորտներ ու խըլեզ քաղելով։Aragil mec haw u hov, Erkayn u barak čəverov, I jor i vayr gayr xaġalov, Gortner u xəlez kʻaġelov.Translation by John A. C. GreppinThe Stork was large and shadowy, With long and thin legs; He went sporting down the vale, And gathered frogs and lizards.

#### Derived terms

* ճվիկ (čvik)
* ճվրդել (čvrdel)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: ճիվ (čiv)

### References

* ↑ Mnacʻakanyan, A. Š. (1980) ““Govankʻ Tʻṙčʻnocʻ” taġašarkʻə, nra heġinakə ew žamanakə [The poetic cycle "Praise of Birds", its author and time of creation]”, in Banber Matenadarani [Herald of the Matenadaran]‎ (in Armenian), volume 13, Yerevan, page 245 of 232–258
* ↑ Greppin, John A. C. (1978) Classical and Middle Armenian bird names: A linguistic, taxonomic, and mythological study, Delmar, New York: Caravan Books, page 20

### Further reading

* Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “ճիվ”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2005) “On Armenian čiw ‘shank’”, in Iran and the Caucasus‎, volume 9, number 1, pages 81–84
# אָבסערוואַטאָריע
## Yiddish
### Etymology

Ultimately derived from Latin observō. Compare Russian обсервато́рия (observatórija).

### Pronunciation

* (YIVO) IPA: /ɔb.sɛr.vaˈtɔ.rjɜ/

### Noun

אָבסערוואַטאָריע • (observatorye) f, plural אָבסערוואַטאָריעס (observatoryes)
* observatory

#### Related terms

* אָבסערוואַטאָר (observator)
* אָבסערוואַציע (observatsye)
* אָבסערווירן (observirn)
# mugurdi
## Basque
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /muɡurdi/ [mu.ɣ̞ur.ð̞i]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -urdi
* Hyphenation: mu‧gur‧di

### Noun

mugurdi inan
* raspberry
    Synonym: masusta gorria

#### Derived terms

* mugurdiondo

### Further reading

* “mugurdi”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
* “mugurdi”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
# black sand
## English
### Noun

black sand (countable and uncountable, plural black sands)
* (tourism) Basaltic sand of volcanic origin, frequently found associated with volcanic islands.
* (mining) Sand high in magnetite and other iron-rich ferrous minerals, frequently found associated with placer mining.
* Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see black,‎ sand.

#### Related terms

* brown sand
* white sand
* yellow sand
# வெள்
## Tamil
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Dravidian *weḷ. Compare Telugu వెలి (veli), Malayalam വെളുത്ത (veḷutta, “white”), Kannada ಬಿಳಿ (biḷi, “white”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋɛɭ/

### Adjective

வெள் • (veḷ)
* white (colour)

#### Derived terms

* வெண்ணெய் (veṇṇey)
* வெண்மை (veṇmai)

### References

* University of Madras (1924–1936) “வெள்”, in Tamil Lexicon, Madras [Chennai]: Diocesan Press
# taphophilic
## English
### Etymology

From taphophilia +‎ -ic.

### Adjective

taphophilic (comparative more taphophilic, superlative most taphophilic)
* Pertaining to taphophilia

#### Related terms

* taphophile
# உணவு
## Tamil
### Etymology

From உண் (uṇ, “to eat”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʊɳɐʋʊ/, [ʊɳɐʋɯ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

உணவு • (uṇavu)
* food
    Synonyms: சாப்பாடு (cāppāṭu), ஆகாரம் (ākāram), போஜனம் (pōjaṉam)
* boiled rice
    Synonym: சோறு (cōṟu)

#### Derived terms

* உணவகம் (uṇavakam)

### References

* University of Madras (1924–1936) “உணவு”, in Tamil Lexicon, Madras [Chennai]: Diocesan Press
# helenismu
## Asturian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eleˈnizmu/ [e.leˈniz.mu]
* Rhymes: -ismu
* Hyphenation: he‧le‧nis‧mu

### Noun

helenismu m (uncountable)
* Hellenism

#### Related terms

* helenísticu

### Further reading

* Academia de la Llingua Asturiana (2000). Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana (1ª edición). →ISBN. on-line version.
# amanecer
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Iberian Vulgar Latin *manescere, from Latin mane (“morning”). Compare Asturian amanecer, Extremaduran amanecel, Galician amañecer, Galician amencer, Mirandese amanhecer, Portuguese amanhecer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /amaneˈθeɾ/ [a.ma.neˈθeɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /amaneˈseɾ/ [a.ma.neˈseɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɾ
* Syllabification: a‧ma‧ne‧cer

### Verb

amanecer (first-person singular present amanezco, first-person singular preterite amanecí, past participle amanecido)
* (intransitive, impersonal) to dawn
    Amaneció a las siete.The sun rose at seven.
* (intransitive, impersonal) to get light (become light in the morning)
* (intransitive) to wake up (cease to sleep)
    Synonym: despertar
* (intransitive) to see the morning; be seen by the morning (be in a given state when the sun rises)
    Muchas casas amanecieron cubiertas de papel higiénico después del día de las bromas de abril.The morning saw many houses covered in toilet paper after April Fools' Day.
* (transitive) to awake, wake up (rouse from sleep)
* (reflexive) to waken, awaken (cease to sleep)
* (reflexive, Latin America) to stay awake all night
    Synonym: trasnochar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* no por mucho madrugar, amanece más temprano

### Noun

amanecer m (plural amaneceres)
* dawn (the morning period of twilight)
    Synonyms: madrugada, alborada

### Further reading

* “amanecer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# biesiadniczka
## Polish
### Etymology

From biesiadnik +‎ -ka. First attested in 1840.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bjɛ.ɕadˈɲit͡ʂ.ka/
* Rhymes: -it͡ʂka
* Syllabification: bie‧siad‧nicz‧ka

### Noun

biesiadniczka f (male equivalent biesiadnik)
* (literary) female equivalent of biesiadnik (“banqueteer, feaster”)

#### Related terms

* biesiadniczy
* biesiadny
* biesiadnie
* biesiada
* biesiadka
* biesiadować

### References

* ↑ Edward Bulwer Lytton (1840) Ostatnie dni Pompei. T. 1‎, page 200
* ↑ biesiadniczka in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* biesiadniczka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# hinchazón
## Spanish
### Etymology

From hinchar +‎ -zón (found in Old Spanish as finchazón), possibly corresponding to Latin īnflātiōnem, and therefore a doublet of inflación. Compare Portuguese inchação, Italian enfiagione, dialectal French enflaison, archaic Romanian umflăciune.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /int͡ʃaˈθon/ [ĩnʲ.t͡ʃaˈθõn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /int͡ʃaˈson/ [ĩnʲ.t͡ʃaˈsõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: hin‧cha‧zón

### Noun

hinchazón f (plural hinchazones)
* swelling

#### Related terms

* hinchar
* inflación

### Further reading

* “hinchazón”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# duchovní
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈduxovɲiː]

### Adjective

duchovní (comparative duchovnější, superlative nejduchovnější, adverb duchovně)
* spiritual

#### Related terms

* duševní

### Noun

duchovní m anim
* clergyman

#### Related terms

* duchovenstvo n

### Further reading

* “duchovní”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “duchovní”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “duchovní”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# marmoladowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From marmolada +‎ -owy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mar.mɔ.laˈdɔ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: mar‧mo‧la‧do‧wy

### Adjective

marmoladowy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) marmalade (citrus jam)

#### Related terms

* marmoladkowy
* marmolada
* marmoladka
* marmoladziarnia

### Further reading

* marmoladowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# desilylation
## English
### Etymology

From de- +‎ silyl +‎ -ation.

### Noun

desilylation (plural desilylations)
* (chemistry) The removal of a silyl group

#### Derived terms

* iododesilylation
* protodesilylation

#### Related terms

* silylation
# cauquén
## Spanish
### Noun

cauquén m (plural cauquenes)
* sheldgoose

#### Derived terms

* cauquén magallánico
# jumać
## Polish
### Etymology

From juma +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈju.mat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -umat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ju‧mać

### Verb

jumać impf (perfective zajumać)
* (transitive, colloquial) to nab, to steal
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:kraść

#### Related terms

* juma

### Further reading

* jumać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* jumać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# confesión
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* confissom, confissão (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

Inherited from Latin cōnfessiō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /konfeˈsjoŋ/ [koɱ.feˈs̺joŋ]
* Rhymes: -oŋ
* Hyphenation: con‧fe‧sión

### Noun

confesión f (plural confesións)
* confession

#### Related terms

* confesar

### Further reading

* “confesión”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cōnfessiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /konfeˈsjon/ [kõɱ.feˈsjõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: con‧fe‧sión

### Noun

confesión f (plural confesiones)
* confession

#### Derived terms

* confesional
* confesionario

#### Related terms

* confesar

### Further reading

* “confesión”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ciclopropano
## Italian
### Etymology

From ciclo- +‎ propano.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃi.klo.proˈpa.no/
* Rhymes: -ano
* Hyphenation: ci‧clo‧pro‧pà‧no

### Noun

ciclopropano m (plural ciclopropani)
* (organic chemistry) cyclopropane
    Synonym: trimetilene

### Further reading

* ciclopropano in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Spanish
### Noun

ciclopropano m (plural ciclopropanos)
* (organic chemistry) cyclopropane

#### Derived terms

* aminociclopropano
# забоншиносӣ
## Tajik
### Etymology

From забон (zabon) +‎ -шиносӣ (-šinosi).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zabonʃinosi/, [zä.bɔn.ʃi.nɔ.si]

### Noun

забоншиносӣ • (zabonšinosi) (Persian spelling زبان‌شناسی)
* linguistics

#### Declension

Inflection of забоншиносӣ :
| | | singular | plural |
| sound | broken$^1$ | or broken$^1$ |
| bare | bare | забоншиносӣ zabonšinosi | забоншиносиҳо zabonšinosiho | [Term?] | [Term?] |
| definite object | definite object | забоншиносиро zabonšinosiro | забоншиносиҳоро zabonšinosihoro | ро ro | ро ro |
| izofa | izofa | забоншиносии zabonšinosi-yi | забоншиносиҳои zabonšinosiho-yi | и i | и i |
| indefinite, definite relative | bare | забоншиносие zabonšinosiye | — | — | — |
| indefinite, definite relative | object | забоншиносиеро zabonšinosiyero | — | — | — |
Possessive forms of забоншиносӣ :
| | | singular | plural |
| sound | broken$^1$ | broken$^1$ |
| bare | 1st singular | забоншиносиям zabonšinosiyam | забоншиносиҳоям zabonšinosihoyam | ам am | ам am |
| bare | 2nd singular | забоншиносият zabonšinosiyat | забоншиносиҳоят zabonšinosihoyat | ат at | ат at |
| bare | 3rd singular | забоншиносияш zabonšinosiyaš | забоншиносиҳояш zabonšinosihoyaš | аш aš | аш aš |
| bare | 1st plural | забоншиносиямон zabonšinosiyamon | забоншиносиҳоямон zabonšinosihoyamon | амон amon | амон amon |
| bare | 2nd plural | забоншиносиятон zabonšinosiyaton | забоншиносиҳоятон zabonšinosihoyaton | атон aton | атон aton |
| bare | 3rd plural | забоншиносияшон zabonšinosiyašon | забоншиносиҳояшон zabonšinosihoyašon | ашон ašon | ашон ašon |
| | | singular | plural |
| sound | broken$^1$ | broken$^1$ |
| definite object | 1st singular | забоншиносиямро zabonšinosiyamro | забоншиносиҳоямро zabonšinosihoyamro | амро amro | амро amro |
| definite object | 2nd singular | забоншиносиятро zabonšinosiyatro | забоншиносиҳоятро zabonšinosihoyatro | атро atro | атро atro |
| definite object | 3rd singular | забоншиносияшро zabonšinosiyašro | забоншиносиҳояшро zabonšinosihoyašro | ашро ašro | ашро ašro |
| definite object | 1st plural | забоншиносиямонро zabonšinosiyamonro | забоншиносиҳоямонро zabonšinosihoyamonro | амонро amonro | амонро amonro |
| definite object | 2nd plural | забоншиносиятонро zabonšinosiyatonro | забоншиносиҳоятонро zabonšinosihoyatonro | атонро atonro | атонро atonro |
| definite object | 3rd plural | забоншиносияшонро zabonšinosiyašonro | забоншиносиҳояшонро zabonšinosihoyašonro | ашонро ašonro | ашонро ašonro |

#### Related terms

* забоншинос (zabonšinos, “linguist”)
# botanika
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbotanɪka]
* Hyphenation: bo‧ta‧ni‧ka

### Noun

botanika f (relational adjective botanický)
* botany (scientific study of plants, a branch of biology)
    Synonyms: rostlinopis, fytologie

#### Derived terms

* botanicky

### Further reading

* “botanika”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “botanika”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “botanika”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Hungarian
### Etymology

From scientific Latin botanica (scientia), from Ancient Greek βοτανικός (botanikós).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbotɒnikɒ]
* Hyphenation: bo‧ta‧ni‧ka
* Rhymes: -kɒ

### Noun

botanika
* botany (scientific study of plants, a branch of biology)
    Synonym: növénytan

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

### Further reading

* botanika in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
* botanika in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

## Lithuanian
### Noun

botãnika f (plural botãnikos) stress pattern 1
* botany (scientific study of plants, a branch of biology)

#### Declension
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (prescriptive) /bɔˈta.ɲi.ka/, (colloquial) /bɔ.taˈɲi.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɲika, -ika
* Syllabification: bo‧ta‧ni‧ka

### Noun

botanika f
* botany (scientific study of plants, a branch of biology)

#### Derived terms

* botaniczny
* astrobotanika
* botanik

### Further reading

* botanika in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* botanika in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /botǎnika/
* Hyphenation: bo‧ta‧ni‧ka

### Noun

botànika f (Cyrillic spelling бота̀ника)
* botany (scientific study of plants, a branch of biology)

#### Declension
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbɔtanika]

### Noun

botanika f (relational adjective botanický)
* botany

#### Related terms

* botanička
* botanicky
* botanik

### Further reading

* “botanika”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish botánica, from Latin botanica, from Ancient Greek βοτανική (botanikḗ).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /boˈtanika/ [boˌt̪aː.n̪ɪˈxa]
* Rhymes: -anika
* Syllabification: bo‧ta‧ni‧ka

### Noun

botániká (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜆᜈᜒᜃ)
* (sciences) botany
    Synonyms: (neologism) dalubhalamanan, (neologism) aghalaman

### Anagrams

* Batikano
# vínculo
## Galician
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin vinculum. Doublet of vencello.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbiŋkʊlʊ]

### Noun

vínculo m (plural vínculos)
* bind, link, bond, connexion
    Synonym: vencello

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “vínculo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “vínculo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “vínculo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin vinculum (“tie, bond”), from vinciō (“bind, fetter, tie”) +‎ -ulum. Doublet of brinco.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈvĩ.ku.lu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈvĩ.ku.lu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈvĩ.ku.lo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈvĩ.ku.lu/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈvĩ.ku.lu/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈbĩ.ku.lu/
* Hyphenation: vín‧cu‧lo

### Noun

vínculo m (plural vínculos)
* link; bond; connection
    Synonyms: ligação, conexão

#### Related terms

* vincular, vinculado
* vencilho

### Further reading

* “vínculo” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin vinculum (“tie, bond”), from vinciō (“bind, fetter, tie”) +‎ -ulum. Doublet of brinco.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbinkulo/ [ˈbĩŋ.ku.lo]
* Rhymes: -inkulo
* Syllabification: vín‧cu‧lo

### Noun

vínculo m (plural vínculos)
* tie, bond (strong connection between people or groups of people)
* (computing) link, hyperlink
    Synonyms: hipervínculo, hiperenlace, enlace

#### Related terms

* desvincular
* vincular

#### See also

* cuña
* enchufe

### Further reading

* “vínculo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# maneviyat
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Arabic مَعْنَوِيَّات (maʕnawiyyāt).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ma‧ne‧vi‧yat

### Noun

maneviyat
* moral condition
* immateriality

#### Related terms

* maneviy
* maneviylik

### References

* “maneviyat”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish معنویات (maneviyat), plural of Arabic مَعْنَوِيّ (maʕnawiyy).

### Noun

maneviyat (definite accusative maneviyatı)
* morale
** 1940 May 16, Abidin Daver, “Holanda'nın teslim oluşu”, in İkdam‌ (Sabah Postası), page 1:Bu memleket de, Norveç gibi bitaraflığın kendisini kurtaracağı hülyasına kapılarak müttefiklerle müşterek müdafaa plânları hazırlamamış olmasına, askerî zaafına ve maneviyatının çürüklüğüne kurban gitmiştir.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* spiritual matters

#### Related terms

* mana
* manevi

### References

* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “ma'neviyyât”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 691
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “manevi”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
# srożyć
## Polish
### Etymology

From srogi +‎ -yć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsrɔ.ʐɘt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɔʐɘt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: sro‧żyć

### Verb

srożyć impf
* (transitive, obsolete) to give something an expression of sternness
* (reflexive with się, archaic) to be angry
    Synonyms: gniewać się, złościć się
* (reflexive with się, of atmospheric phenomena, natural disasters, etc.) to occur with great severity

#### Derived terms

* nasrożać
* nasrożyć

#### Related terms

* srogość

### Further reading

* srożyć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# szlagwort
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Schlagwort.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʂla.ɡvɔrt/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɡvɔrt
* Syllabification: szla‧gwort

### Noun

szlagwort m inan
* buzzword, catchphrase, hook (fashionable, often repeated phrase, usually the words of a song or its refrain)

#### Related terms

* szlagierowy
* szlagier

### Further reading

* szlagwort in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# isyarat
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay isyarat, from Arabic إِشَارَة (ʔišāra).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /iˈʃarat/ [iˈʃa.rat̪̚]
* Rhymes: -arat
* Syllabification: i‧sya‧rat

### Noun

isyarat (plural isyarat-isyarat)
* sign
    Synonyms: pertanda, tanda-tanda
* (biochemistry) signal (signalling interaction between cells)
    Synonym: sinyal
* cue (an action or event that is a signal for somebody to do something)
* (drama) cue, catchword (the last words of a play actor's speech, serving as an intimation for the next actor to speak)
* (anthropology) gesture (form of non-verbal or non-vocal communication with bodily actions)

#### Derived terms

* berisyarat
* diisyaratkan
* mengisyaratkan

#### Compounds

* isyarat akustis
* isyarat cermin
* isyarat perhatian
* isyarat sosial

### Further reading

* isyarat on the Indonesian Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{id}$
* “isyarat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic إِشَارَة (ʔišāra).

### Noun

isyarat (Jawi spelling اشارت, plural isyarat-isyarat, informal 1st possessive isyaratku, 2nd possessive isyaratmu, 3rd possessive isyaratnya)
* sign, gesture, signal
    Synonym: signal

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: isyarat

#### References

* “isyarat” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# serreta
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /seˈreta/ [seˈre.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -eta
* Syllabification: se‧rre‧ta

### Noun

serreta f (plural serretas)
* merganser (bird in genus Mergus)

#### Derived terms

* serreta grande
* serreta mediana

### Further reading

* “serreta”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# medición
## Spanish
### Etymology

From medir +‎ -ción.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /mediˈθjon/ [me.ð̞iˈθjõn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /mediˈsjon/ [me.ð̞iˈsjõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: me‧di‧ción

### Noun

medición f (plural mediciones)
* measurement
    Synonym: medida

#### Related terms

* medir

### Further reading

* “medición”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10