# rive
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK, General American) IPA: /ɹaɪv/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪv

### Etymology 1

From Middle English riven (“to rive”), of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse rífa (“to rend, tear apart”), from Proto-Germanic *rīfaną (“to tear, scratch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to crumble, tear”).
Cognate with Danish rive (“to tear”), Old Frisian rīva (“to tear”), Old English ārǣfan (“to let loose, unwrap”), Old Norse ript (“breach of contract, rift”), Norwegian Bokmål rive (“to tear”), Swedish riva (”to tear”) and Albanian rrip (“belt, rope”). More at rift.

#### Verb

rive (third-person singular simple present rives, present participle riving, simple past rived or rove or rave, past participle rived or riven)
* (transitive, archaic except in past participle) To tear apart by force; to rend; to split; to cleave.
** 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:I have seen tempests, when the scolding winds / Have rived the knotty oaks […]
* (transitive, archaic) To pierce or cleave with a weapon.
** 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “vj”, in Le Morte Darthur, book II:And therwith she toke the swerd from her loue that lay ded and fylle to the ground in a swowne / And whan she aroos she made grete dole out of mesure / the whiche sorowe greued Balyn passyngly sore / and he wente vnto her for to haue taken the swerd oute of her hād but […] sodenly she sette the pomell to the ground / and rofe her self thorow the body(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (intransitive) To break apart; to split.
** 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:The varlet at his plaint was grieu'd so sore, / That his deepe wounded hart in two did riue […].
** 1728, John Woodward, An Attempt towards a Natural History of the Fossils of England:Freestone i.e. that rives, splits, and breaks in any direction.
** 2012, David W. Phillipson, Foundations of an African Civilisation. Aksum & the northern Horn, 1000 BC–AD 1300, Woodbridge, Suffolk: James Currey, page 10:To the west, the country descends more gradually to the extensive plains of the Nile Valley but is riven by the rugged valleys of the Takezze and other Nile tributaries.
** 2021 October 20, Angie Doll explains to Paul Clifton, “We were absolutely at rock bottom...”, in RAIL, number 942, page 34:The company was riven by strikes. Years later, the dispute with the RMT union over driver operation of train doors has still not formally been resolved.
** 2023 September 12, Patrick Wintour, “‘Disastrous beyond comprehension’: 10,000 missing after Libya floods”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:Oil-rich Libya has been riven by political infighting, corruption and external interference since a 2011 uprising that toppled and later led to the death of the longtime ruler Muammar Gaddafi.
* (transitive, rare) To burst open; explode; discharge.
** 1821, William Shakespeare, James Boswell, Richard Farmer, The Plays and Poems of William Shakespeare:Ten thousand French have ta'en the sacrament, To rive their dangerous artillery
* (woodworking) To use a technique of splitting or sawing wood radially from a log (e.g. clapboards).

##### Synonyms

* (to rend asunder): cleave, rend, split

##### Derived terms

* rave hook
* riving knife

##### See also

* rip
* rib

#### Noun

rive (plural rives)
* A place torn; a rent; a rift.

##### Synonyms

* (a place torn): rent, rift

### Etymology 2

Compare Latin ripa (“shore”)
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

#### Noun

rive (plural rives)
* A bank or shore.

#### Verb

rive
* To land.

### Anagrams

* Irve, iver, vier, vire, Iver

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /riːvə/, [ˈʁiːʋə], [ˈʁiːʊ]

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hrífa, derived from the verb Old Norse hrífa (“to grip”), from Proto-Germanic *hrībaną (“to grip, snatch”).

#### Noun

rive c (singular definite riven, plural indefinite river)
* rake

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Old Norse rífa, from Proto-Germanic *rīfaną, cognate with Swedish riva, English rive. In the sense, "to rake", it is derived from the noun.

#### Verb

rive (past tense rev, past participle revet, common gender attributive reven, plural or definite attributive revne)
* to grate
* to scratch, tear, rip
* to rake

##### Conjugation
## Finnish
### Etymology

Probably from Swedish drev.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈriʋeˣ/, [ˈriʋe̞(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -iʋe
* Hyphenation: ri‧ve

### Noun

rive
* oakum, tow

#### Declension

Possessive forms of rive (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
riveeni
riveeni
accusative
nom.
riveeni
riveeni
gen.
riveeni
genitive
riveeni
riveideni riveitteni
partitive
rivettäni
riveitäni
inessive
riveessäni
riveissäni
elative
riveestäni
riveistäni
illative
riveeseeni
riveisiini riveihini
adessive
riveelläni
riveilläni
ablative
riveeltäni
riveiltäni
allative
riveelleni
riveilleni
essive
riveenäni
riveinäni
translative
riveekseni
riveikseni
abessive
riveettäni
riveittäni
instructive
comitative
—riveineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
riveesi
riveesi
accusative
nom.
riveesi
riveesi
gen.
riveesi
genitive
riveesi
riveidesi riveittesi
partitive
rivettäsi
riveitäsi
inessive
riveessäsi
riveissäsi
elative
riveestäsi
riveistäsi
illative
riveeseesi
riveisiisi riveihisi
adessive
riveelläsi
riveilläsi
ablative
riveeltäsi
riveiltäsi
allative
riveellesi
riveillesi
essive
riveenäsi
riveinäsi
translative
riveeksesi
riveiksesi
abessive
riveettäsi
riveittäsi
instructive
comitative
—riveinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
riveemme
riveemme
accusative
nom.
riveemme
riveemme
gen.
riveemme
genitive
riveemme
riveidemme riveittemme
partitive
rivettämme
riveitämme
inessive
riveessämme
riveissämme
elative
riveestämme
riveistämme
illative
riveeseemme
riveisiimme riveihimme
adessive
riveellämme
riveillämme
ablative
riveeltämme
riveiltämme
allative
riveellemme
riveillemme
essive
riveenämme
riveinämme
translative
riveeksemme
riveiksemme
abessive
riveettämme
riveittämme
instructive
comitative
—riveinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
riveenne
riveenne
accusative
nom.
riveenne
riveenne
gen.
riveenne
genitive
riveenne
riveidenne riveittenne
partitive
rivettänne
riveitänne
inessive
riveessänne
riveissänne
elative
riveestänne
riveistänne
illative
riveeseenne
riveisiinne riveihinne
adessive
riveellänne
riveillänne
ablative
riveeltänne
riveiltänne
allative
riveellenne
riveillenne
essive
riveenänne
riveinänne
translative
riveeksenne
riveiksenne
abessive
riveettänne
riveittänne
instructive
comitative
—riveinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
riveensä
riveensä
accusative
nom.
riveensä
riveensä
gen.
riveensä
genitive
riveensä
riveidensä riveittensä
partitive
rivettään rivettänsä
riveitään riveitänsä
inessive
riveessään riveessänsä
riveissään riveissänsä
elative
riveestään riveestänsä
riveistään riveistänsä
illative
riveeseensä
riveisiinsä riveihinsä
adessive
riveellään riveellänsä
riveillään riveillänsä
ablative
riveeltään riveeltänsä
riveiltään riveiltänsä
allative
riveelleen riveellensä
riveilleen riveillensä
essive
riveenään riveenänsä
riveinään riveinänsä
translative
riveekseen riveeksensä
riveikseen riveiksensä
abessive
riveettään riveettänsä
riveittään riveittänsä
instructive
comitative
—riveineen riveinensä :

#### Derived terms

* riverauta
* tervarive

### Anagrams

* revi, veri, vire

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Old French, from Latin rīpa, from Proto-Indo-European *rey- (“to cut, tear, scratch”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁiv/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

rive f (plural rives)
* bank (of a river)

#### Related terms

* arriver
* dériver
* rivage
* rivière

### Further reading

* “rive”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* ivre, vire, viré

## Friulian
### Etymology

From Latin rīpa.

### Noun

rive f (plural rivis)
* slope, ascent
* shore

#### Related terms

* rivâ
* riviere

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

From French arriver (“arrive”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣive/

### Verb

rive
* to arrive, to get to
* to happen

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈri.ve/
* Rhymes: -ive
* Hyphenation: rì‧ve

### Noun

rive f
* plural of riva

### Anagrams

* ervi, veri

## Latin
### Noun

rīve
* vocative singular of rīvus

### References

* rive in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hrífa.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɾiːʋə/

#### Noun

rive f or m (definite singular riva or riven, indefinite plural river, definite plural rivene)
* a rake (garden and agricultural tool)

### Etymology 2

From Old Norse rífa.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɾiːʋə/

#### Verb

rive (imperative riv, present tense river, passive rives, simple past rev or reiv, past participle revet, present participle rivende)
* to grate + av
* to scratch, tear, rip + av

##### Derived terms

* løsrive
* rivjern

### References

* “rive” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hrífa.

#### Noun

rive f (definite singular riva, indefinite plural river, definite plural rivene)
* a rake (garden and agricultural tool)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

rive (present tense riv, past tense reiv, supine rive, past participle riven, present participle rivande, imperative riv)
* Alternative form of riva

### References

* “rive” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.