# علیه
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic عَلَيْهِ (ʕalayhi, “upon him”) (pronounced عَلَيْه (ʕalayh) in pausa), third-person singular masculine of عَلَى (ʕalā).

#### Prepositional phrase

علیه or علیهِ • (aleyh or aleyhi [when followed by the Arabic definite article]) (in certain Arabic phrases)
* on him, upon him
    رحمت الله علیه ― rahmetü'llâhi aleyh ― may God have mercy on him
    علیه السلام ― aleyhi's-selâm ― peace be upon him

##### Derived terms

* رحمت الله علیه (rahmetü'llâhi aleyh)
* علیه السلام (aleyhi's-selâm)
* علیهنده (aleyhinde)
* علیهنه (aleyhine)
* مَحْكُومٌ عَلَیْه (mahkûmün aleyh)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: aleyh, aleyhi

##### See also

* له (leh)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian علیه (alayh-i).

#### Preposition

علیه • (aleyh-i)
* against
    Synonyms: علیهنده (aleyhinde), علیهنه (aleyhine)
    Antonyms: لهنده (lehinde), لهنه (lehine)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: aleyh-i

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic عَلِيَّة (ʕaliyya), feminine singular of عَلِيّ (ʕaliyy).

#### Adjective

علیه • (aliyye)
* feminine singular of علی (alî)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: aliyye

### References

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “علیه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 859
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “aleyh”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “aleyh”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN

## Persian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic عَلَيْهِ (ʕalayhi, “upon him”) (pronounced عَلَيْه (ʕalayh) in pausa), third-person singular masculine of عَلَى (ʕalā).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔa.ˈlajh]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.lǽjʰ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.lǽjʰ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔä.lǽj]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔä.lǽj]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæ.ˈlejʰ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔä.lǽjʰ]
(when followed by the Arabic definite article):
* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔa.ˈlaj.hi]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.lǽj.hɪ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.lǽj.hɪ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔä.lǽ.jɪ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔä.lǽ.ji]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæ.ˈlejhe]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔä.lǽj.hi]

#### Prepositional phrase

| Dari | علیهِ or علیه |
| Iranian Persian | علیهِ or علیه |
| Tajik | алайҳ or алайҳи |
عَلَیْه or عَلَیْهِ • (aleyh or aleyhe [when followed by the Arabic definite article]) (in certain Arabic phrases)
* on him, upon him
    رحمت الله علیه ― rahmato llâhe aleyh ― may God have mercy on him
    علیه السلام ― aleyhe s-salâm ― peace be upon him

##### Derived terms

* رحمت الله علیه (rahmato llâhe aleyh)
* علیه (aleyh-e)
* علیه السلام (aleyhe s-salâm)
* مَحْکُومٌ عَلَیْه (mahkumon aleyh)

##### See also

* له (lah)

### Etymology 2

From علیه (aleyh) + ezafe.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔa.ˈlaj.hi]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.lǽj.hɪ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.lǽj.hɪ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔä.lǽ.jɪ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔä.lǽ.ji]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæ.ˈlejhe]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔä.lǽj.hi]

#### Preposition

| Dari | علیه |
| Iranian Persian | علیه |
| Tajik | алайҳи |
علیه • (aleyh-e)
* against
    خشونت علیه زنان ― xošunat aleyh-e zanân ― violence against women
    حمله علیه نظامیان روسی ― hamle aleyh-e nezâmiyân-e rusi ― attack against Russian soldiers

##### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: علیه (aleyh-i)
** Turkish: aleyh-i

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic عَلِيَّة (ʕaliyya), feminine singular of عَلِيّ (ʕaliyy).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔa.lij.ˈja]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.li.jǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔä.li.jǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔä.li.jǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔä.li.jǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæ.lij.jé]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔä.li.jǽ]

#### Adjective

| Dari | علیه |
| Iranian Persian | علیه |
| Tajik | алийя |
علیه • (aliyye)
* (fossilized, for Arabic feminine nouns) Alternative form of علی (ali, “sublime, high”)
    دولت علیه ― dowlat-e aliyye ― the High (i.e. Imperial) Government

### References

* 1 2 Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “علیه”, in New Persian–English dictionary, volume 2, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim, page 384