OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# hankkia
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hankkidak. Cognates include Estonian hankima, Ingrian hankkia and Karelian hankkie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɑŋkːiɑˣ/, [ˈhɑ̝ŋkːiɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑŋkːiɑ
* Hyphenation: hank‧kia

### Verb

hankkia
* (transitive) to acquire, get, obtain, find [with allative ‘for (someone or something)’]
    Synonym: saada
* (transitive) to buy, purchase, procure [with allative ‘for (someone or something)’]
    Synonym: ostaa
* (transitive) to provide, furnish, supply [with allative ‘for (someone or something)’]
    Synonym: toimittaa
* (transitive, informal) to earn, make (money)
    Synonyms: ansaita, tienata
* (uncommon, transitive, usually atelic) to prepare for, look for
    Synonyms: valmistella, enteillä

#### Derived terms

* hankinnainen
* hanke
* hankinta
* hankkija
* hankkiminen
* hankiskella
* hankittaa
* hankkiutua

### Further reading

* “hankkia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hankkidak. Cognates include Finnish hankkia and Estonian hankida.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈhɑŋkːiɑ/, [ˈhɑŋkːe̞]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈhɑŋkːiɑ/, [ˈhɑŋkːiɑ]
* (Hevaha) IPA: /ˈhɑŋkːiɑk/, [ˈhɑŋkːiɑɡ̊]
* Rhymes: -ɑŋkːeː, -ɑŋkːiɑ
* Hyphenation: hank‧ki‧a

### Verb

hankkia
* (transitive) to get
* (transitive) to buy

#### Synonyms

* (to get): saavva
* (to buy): ostaa, lunastaa, lunata

#### Descendants

* → Votic: hankkia

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 45
* Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 30

## Votic
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ingrian hankkia.

### Pronunciation

* (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA: /ˈhɑŋkːiɑ̯/, [ˈhɑŋkʲːiɑ̯]
* Rhymes: -ɑŋkːiɑ̯
* Hyphenation: hank‧kia

### Verb

hankkia
* (transitive) to get, acquire, obtain, procure

#### Inflection
### References

* Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “hankkia”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
# podjan
## Upper Sorbian
### Etymology

Univerbation of pod Janem (“under John”), referring to Johann von Schönenberg who worked to preserve Catholicism during the Reformation.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɔdjan/
* Rhymes: -ɔdjan
* Hyphenation: pod‧jan
* Syllabification: pod‧jan

### Noun

podjan m pers (feminine podjanka, related adjective podjanski)
* (colloquial) Catholic
    Synonym: katolik

#### Derived terms

* podjanski
* podjanka f
* podjanstwo n

### References

* ↑ Schuster-Šewc, Heinz (1985) “podjan”, in Historisch-etymologisches Wörterbuch der ober- und niedersorbischen Sprache [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Upper and Lower Sorbian Language] (in German), numbers 15 (płóń – přatr), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, →ISBN, page 1113

### Further reading

* “podjan” in Soblex
# rehennellä
## Finnish
### Etymology

rehe- +‎ -nnellä

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrehenːelːæˣ/, [ˈre̞ɦe̞nˌne̞lːæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -elːæ
* Hyphenation: re‧hen‧nel‧lä

### Verb

rehennellä
* (intransitive) to brag, boast

#### Derived terms

* rehentelijä
* rehentely

### Further reading

* “rehennellä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# Cochabamba
## English
### Proper noun

Cochabamba
* A city and department of Bolivia.

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kot͡ʃaˈbamba/ [ko.t͡ʃaˈβ̞ãm.ba]
* Rhymes: -amba
* Syllabification: Co‧cha‧bam‧ba

### Proper noun

Cochabamba f
* A city and department of Bolivia

#### Derived terms

* cochabambino
# turistaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

onomatopoeic

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈturistɑːˣ/, [ˈt̪uris̠tɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uristɑː
* Hyphenation: tu‧ris‧taa

### Verb

turistaa
* to blow (to empty one's nose, especially with a bubbling sound)

#### Derived terms

* turistaminen
* turistus

### Further reading

* “turistaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* aristuta, rasittua, rutistaa
# salvaje
## Spanish
### Etymology

First attested 1335; borrowed from Old Catalan and Occitan or Old Occitan salvatge, sauvatge, from Vulgar Latin salvāticus, alteration of Latin silvāticus (“wild”, literally “of the woods”), from silva (“forest, grove”). Doublet of selvático.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /salˈbaxe/ [salˈβ̞a.xe]
* Rhymes: -axe
* Syllabification: sal‧va‧je

### Adjective

salvaje m or f (masculine and feminine plural salvajes)
* (especially of animals) wild, savage (untamed, not domesticated)
    Synonym: (especially of plants) silvestre
    Antonym: doméstico
    Sólo hay una cosa que puede calmar la bestia salvaje.There is only one thing that can soothe the savage beast.
* savage, feral, uncivilized (said of a person)

### Noun

salvaje m or f by sense (plural salvajes)
* savage

#### Derived terms

* animal salvaje
* gato salvaje
* niño salvaje
* perro salvaje africano
* salvajada
* salvajemente (adverb)
* salvajería
* salvajismo

#### Related terms

* selva

#### Descendants

* → English: salvage
* → Tagalog: salbahe

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “salvaje”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

### Further reading

* “salvaje”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# 바텀
## Korean
### Etymology

Borrowed from English bottom.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠tʰʌ̹m]
* Phonetic hangul: [바텀]

### Noun

바텀 • (bateom)
* (gay slang) bottom
    Coordinate terms: 탑 (tap, “top”), 올 (ol, “vers”)

#### Derived terms

* 올바텀 (olbateom, “vers top”)
# precyzyjny
## Polish
### Etymology

From precyzja +‎ -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /prɛ.t͡sɘˈzɘj.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘjnɘ
* Syllabification: pre‧cy‧zyj‧ny

### Adjective

precyzyjny (comparative precyzyjniejszy, superlative najprecyzyjniejszy, derived adverb precyzyjnie)
* precise

#### Derived terms

* precyzyjność

#### Related terms

* precyzować

### Further reading

* precyzyjny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* precyzyjny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Parrott
## English
### Alternative forms

* Parrot, Perot

### Etymology

From a Middle English diminutive form of Peter, from Old French Perrot.

### Proper noun

Parrott
* A surname transferred from the given name.
* A place name in the United States:
** A small town in Terrell County, Georgia.
** An unincorporated community in Fayette County, Ohio.
** A census-designated place in Pulaski County, Virginia.

#### Derived terms

* Parrott rifle
# precyzja
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French précision, from Middle French precision, from Latin praecīsiō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /prɛˈt͡sɘ.zja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘzja
* Syllabification: pre‧cy‧zja

### Noun

precyzja f
* precision

#### Derived terms

* precyzyjny

#### Related terms

* precyzować

### Further reading

* precyzja in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* precyzja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# konven
## Malay
### Etymology

Borrowed from English convent.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkonven/ [ˈkon.ven]
* Hyphenation: kon‧vén
* Rhymes: -onven

### Noun

konvén (Jawi spelling کونۏين, plural konven-konven, informal 1st possessive konvenku, 2nd possessive konvenmu, 3rd possessive konvennya)
* (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) convent
    Coordinate term: biara

#### Related terms

* konvensional
* konvensyen
# bedspace
## English
### Etymology

From bed +‎ space.

### Noun

bedspace (countable and uncountable, plural bedspaces)
* (medicine, uncountable) Space available for patients in hospital beds or inmates in prison beds.
** 1990 April 7, Jennie McKnight, “Suit Filed Against N.Y. Governor and Prison Officials”, in Gay Community News, page 12:She said Cuomo's call for 8,000 more bedspaces in New York prisons would cost the state $30,000 per prisoner per year.
** 2013, Michael Bowman, The Professional Nurse: Coping with Change, Now and the Future:For example, the Patient's Charter requires nurses to respect the privacy, dignity and confidentiality of patients, yet planners still design bedspace divided by flimsy curtains, in multi-million pound projects.
* (Philippines, countable) The use of a bed in a private home, often rented out by the month.

#### Derived terms

* bedspacer
* bedspacing
# encephalomyopathy
## English
### Etymology

From encephalo- +‎ myo- +‎ -pathy.

### Noun

encephalomyopathy (countable and uncountable, plural encephalomyopathies)
* encephalomyelopathy

#### Derived terms

* cardioencephalomyopathy

#### Related terms

* encephalomyopathic
# 𗎂

| 𗎂 | U+17382, &#95106; TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-17382 |
| ← 𗎁 [U+17381] | Tangut | 𗎃 → [U+17383] |

## Tangut
### Pronunciation

* (Li Fanwen 2008): *tśja¹
* (Miyake 2019): *¹cha₃
* (Kychanov 2006): *tśi̯a¹
* (Sofronov 1968): *tśi̭a¹

### Definitions

𗎂 (radical 𘠮+10, 13 strokes, composition ⿲𘠮𘢡𘦙)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 𗎂𗹟 (*tśja¹ mə¹)

### References

* 𘝞𗗚 [*ꞏjwɨr² ŋjow², Wénhǎi / Sea of Writing] (in Tangut), 12th c.: Level Tone volume, folio 26B, column 3, character 1
* 𗙏𘙰 [*ɣiẹ² lew², Tóngyīn / Homophones] (in Tangut), 12th c.:
   * A edition: folio 36A, column 1, character 7
   * B edition: folio 36B, column 5, character 5
* Li Fanwen (2012) 簡明夏漢字典 [Concise Xia-Han Dictionary] (in Chinese), revised edition, character 1588
* Miyake, Marc (2019) “Tangut Phonetic Database 4.0”, in amritas.com
* Kychanov, Yevgeny (2006) Словарь тангутского (Си Ся) языка [Slovarʹ tangutskovo (Si Sja) jazyka, Dictionary of the Tangut (Xi Xia) Language] (in Russian), character 5077-0
* Sofronov, Mikhail Viktorovich (1968) Грамматика тангутского языка [Grammatika tangutskovo jazyka, Grammar of the Tangut Language] (in Russian), character 0293
# szperać
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* szpérać (“to look for”) (Malbork)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čьpyrati.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʂpɛ.rat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛrat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: szpe‧rać

### Verb

szperać impf (perfective poszperać or wyszperać)
* (intransitive) to fumble, to rummage (to search something thoroughly and with disregard)
    Synonym: grzebać
* (intransitive) to look up (to obtain information about something from a text source)

#### Derived terms

* szperacz
* szperaczka
* szperanina

#### Related terms

* szperacki
* szperactwo

### Further reading

* szperać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* szperać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Marseille
## English
### Etymology 1

From French Marseille (supplanting earlier Marseilles, derived from the Old French nominative form), from Latin Massilia, Marsilia, from Ancient Greek Μασσαλία (Massalía), probably from a pre-Latin language of Italy, perhaps Ancient Ligurian mas (“spring”). The r was probably retained from Arabic مَرْسَى (marsā, “harbor”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɑː(ɹ)ˈseɪ/
* Rhymes: -eɪ

#### Proper noun

Marseille
* The capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.

##### Alternative forms

* Marseilles

##### Derived terms

* Marseille soap

##### Related terms

* marcella
* Marseillaise
* Massilia

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

Borrowed from French Marseille. This surname is mostly found in Haiti.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɑː(ɹ)ˈseɪ/, /mɑː(ɹ)ˈseɪl/
* Rhymes: -eɪ, -eɪl

#### Proper noun

Marseille (plural Marseilles)
* A surname from French.

##### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Marseille is the 34758th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 650 individuals. Marseille is most common among Black/African American (90.46%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Marseille, Marseilles at the Google Books Ngram Viewer.
* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Marseille”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 522.

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmarsɛj]

### Proper noun

Marseille f (relational adjective marseilleský or marseillský, demonym Marseillan, female demonym Marseillanka)
* Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Marseille”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “Marseille”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## French
### Etymology

From the Latin Massilia, Marsilia, Massalia, from Ancient Greek Μασσαλία (Massalía), possibly an Ancient Ligurian toponym or perhaps from Ancient Greek μάσσων (mássōn, “further”) +‎ ἅλς (háls, “sea”), literally “(city) on far end of the sea” cf. Ancient Greek παραλία (paralía).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maʁ.sɛj/
* /maχˈsɛjə/ (locally)
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Marseille m or f
* Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)
    Synonym: cité phocéenne
    Meronyms: Belsunce, Canebière, Évêché, Frais-Vallon, La Timone, Sormiou

#### Derived terms

* La Marseillaise
* marseillais
* Marseillais
* Marseillaise
* marseillisation

#### Related terms

* massaliote

### Anagrams

* mésallier

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: /maʁˈsɛːj/

### Proper noun

Marseille n (proper noun, genitive Marseilles or (optionally with an article) Marseille)
* Marseille (the capital city of the Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)
# venta al por mayor
## Spanish
### Noun

venta al por mayor f (plural ventas al por mayor)
* wholesale (business)
    Synonym: mayoreo

#### Related terms

* mayorista
# 𗎏

| 𗎏 | U+1738F, &#95119; TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-1738F |
| ← 𗎎 [U+1738E] | Tangut | 𗎐 → [U+17390] |

## Tangut
### Pronunciation

* (Li Fanwen 2008): *mjịj¹
* (Miyake 2019): *¹meq₄
* (Kychanov 2006): *mbi̯ẹ¹
* (Sofronov 1968): *mbɪ̭ẹ¹

### Definitions

𗎏 (radical 𘠱+7, 10 strokes, composition ⿰𘠱⿱𘠛⿰𘠶𘠢)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 𗀐𗎏 (*dźjij¹ mjịj¹)

### References

* 𘝞𗗚 [*ꞏjwɨr² ŋjow², Wénhǎi / Sea of Writing] (in Tangut), 12th c.: Level Tone volume, folio 67A, column 4, character 1
* 𗙏𘙰 [*ɣiẹ² lew², Tóngyīn / Homophones] (in Tangut), 12th c.:
   * A edition: folio 06A, column 1, character 6
   * B edition: folio 06B, column 7, character 3
* Li Fanwen (2012) 簡明夏漢字典 [Concise Xia-Han Dictionary] (in Chinese), revised edition, character 4077
* Miyake, Marc (2019) “Tangut Phonetic Database 4.0”, in amritas.com
* Kychanov, Yevgeny (2006) Словарь тангутского (Си Ся) языка [Slovarʹ tangutskovo (Si Sja) jazyka, Dictionary of the Tangut (Xi Xia) Language] (in Russian), character 3951-0
* Sofronov, Mikhail Viktorovich (1968) Грамматика тангутского языка [Grammatika tangutskovo jazyka, Grammar of the Tangut Language] (in Russian), character 0614
# potępić
## Polish
### Etymology

From po- +‎ tępić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔˈtɛm.pit͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛmpit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: po‧tę‧pić

### Verb

potępić pf (imperfective potępiać)
* (transitive) to condemn, to denounce (speak out against)
* (transitive, theology) to damn

### Verb

potępić pf
* (reflexive with się) to become dull, to become blunt

#### Derived terms

* potępiony
* potępienie

### Further reading

* potępić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* potępić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# křesat
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech křesati, from Proto-Slavic *kresati.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkr̝̊ɛsat]

### Verb

křesat impf
* to strike (often fire)
    křesat mlýnské kameny ― to whet millstones
    křesat křesadlem ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    Meče z mečů jiskry křesaly. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | křesat, křesati | Active adjective | křesající |
| Verbal noun | — | Passive adjective | — |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | křesám, křešu | křesáme, křešeme | — | křesejme, křešme |
| 2nd person | křesáš, křešeš | křesáte, křešete | křesej, křeš | křesejte, křešte |
| 3rd person | křesá, křeše | křesají, křešou | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive křesat.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | křesal | křesali | — | — |
| masculine inanimate | křesal | křesaly | — | — |
| feminine | křesala | křesaly | — | — |
| neuter | křesalo | křesala | — | — |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | křesaje | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | křesajíc | — |
| plural | křesajíce | — |

#### Related terms

* křesadlo
* vykřesat

### Further reading

* “křesati”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “křesati”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “křesat”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# potępiać
## Polish
### Etymology

From potępić +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔˈtɛm.pjat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛmpjat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: po‧tę‧piać

### Verb

potępiać impf (perfective potępić)
* (transitive) to condemn, to denounce (speak out against)
* (transitive, theology) to damn

#### Derived terms

* potępiony
* potępienie

### Further reading

* potępiać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* potępiać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# historyczny
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French historique. By surface analysis, historia +‎ -yczny. First attested in 1656–1688. Compare Kashubian historiczny and Silesian historyczny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xis.tɔˈrɘt͡ʂ.nɘ/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /xis.tɔˈrɨt͡ʂ.nɨ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘt͡ʂnɘ
* Syllabification: his‧to‧rycz‧ny

### Adjective

historyczny (not comparable, derived adverb historycznie)
* (relational) historic; historical (of or relating to past events)
* (relational) historic; historical (of or relating to the field of study relating to past events)
* historic; historical (important to the development of social life, etc.)

#### Derived terms

* ahistoryczny
* historyczność
* polityka historyczna

### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), historyczny is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 16 times in scientific texts, 8 times in news, 43 times in essays, 5 times in fiction, and 1 time in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 73 times, making it the 882nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### References

* ↑ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “historyczny”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
* ↑ Krystyna Długosz-Kurczabowa (2021) “historia”, in Wielki słownik etymologiczno-historyczny języka polskiego, →ISBN
* ↑ “HISTORYCZNY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 11.09.2008
* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “historyczny”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 144

### Further reading

* historyczny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* historyczny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “historyczny”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “historyczny”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “historyczny”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 44
* historyczny in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
* Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “historyczny”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
# scrubby
## English
### Etymology

From scrub +‎ -y.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

scrubby (comparative scrubbier, superlative scrubbiest)
* Covered with or consisting of scrub.
    a scrubby landscape
* Inferior in size or quality.
    scrubby crops
    scrubby cattle
** 1883, Hargrave Jennings, The Childishness and Brutality of the Time:This sort of literary slop-work will not suffice for your walking in the roads of life to any good purpose. It is bad work. It is scrubby work.
** 1897 July 17, “Potash. [booklet advertisement]”, in The Farmer's Guide: A Weekly Journal of Progressive Agriculture‎, volume 9, number 29, Huntington, Indiana: The Guide Publishing Company, page 6:Too little Potash in the fertilizer used produces a "scrubby" crop, just as a lack of sufficient grain fed to stock means a "scrubby" animal. Free: An illustrated book which tells what Potash is, how it should be used, and how much Potash a well-balanced fertilizer should contain, is sent free to all applicants. Send your address. GERMAN KALI WORKS, 92 Nassau St., New York.
** 1957 November 18, Tex Maule, “A+$+X+F+B = Invincibility. This Formula Belongs to Oklahoma, Where It Was Developed to Equate With Unbeatable Football. It Is Explained Below”, in Sports Illustrated‎:The red clay of Oklahoma and the sands of the west Texas desert country produce scrubby crops, oil and football players. For the hardy, lean and tough people who inhabit this country, the crops are a last resort, oil a hopeful dream and football a religion.

#### Related terms

* scrub (vegetation)
* scrub (livestock animal)
* scrub (person)

#### Translations
### Noun

scrubby (plural scrubbies)
* diminutive of scrubber: a small scrubber for light washing tasks.
    dish scrubby
    shower scrubby
* (informal) a loofah.

#### Alternative forms

* scrubbie
# abnegadamente
## Spanish
### Etymology

From abnegado +‎ -mente.

### Adverb

abnegadamente
* unselfishly

#### Related terms

* abnegación
* abnegar
# celiac
## English
### Alternative forms

* coeliac (Commonwealth)

### Etymology

From Latin coeliacus, from Ancient Greek κοιλιακός (koiliakós), from κοιλία (koilía, “belly”). Cognate with coelom.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsiːli.æk/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adjective

celiac (not comparable)
* (US, anatomy) Of, pertaining to or located within the abdomen or abdominal cavity.
* (US, medicine) Of or pertaining to c(o)eliac disease.

#### Derived terms

* celiac artery
* celiac disease
* celiac plexus
* celiac sprue
* celiac trunk
* nonceliac
* supraceliac

#### Translations
### Noun

celiac (plural celiacs)
* Someone who has celiac disease.

#### Translations
### See also

* gluten-free

### Anagrams

* acicle, calice

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French cœliaque.

### Adjective

celiac m or n (feminine singular celiacă, masculine plural celiaci, feminine and neuter plural celiace)
* coeliac