# شرط
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

* Root
* ش ر ط (š r ṭ)
* 8 terms

#### Verb

شَرَطَ • (šaraṭa) I (non-past يَشْرُطُ (yašruṭu) or يَشْرِطُ (yašriṭu), verbal noun شَرْط (šarṭ))
* to make a condition, to stipulate
* to make incisions in the skin, to scarify
* to fasten with a string of palm bast
* (Modern Standard Arabic) to tear into pieces

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

شَرَّطَ • (šarraṭa) II (non-past يُشَرِّطُ (yušarriṭu), verbal noun تَشْرِيط (tašrīṭ))
* to scarify, to cup
* (Modern Standard Arabic) to make small chains or rosaries

##### Descendants

* → Middle Armenian: շառտել (šaṙtel), շառռտել (šaṙṙtel)

#### Noun

شَرْط • (šarṭ) m (plural شُرُوط (šurūṭ))
* verbal noun of شَرَطَ (šaraṭa) (form I)
* condition, reservation, proviso, stipulation, article of a compact, contract, requirement, prescription, obligation
* incision, scarification

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: şərt
* → Kumyk: шарт (şart)
* → Lezgi: шартӏ (šarṭ)
* → Ottoman Turkish: شرط
** Turkish: şart
** → Albanian: shart
** → Armenian: շարթ (šartʻ), շերթ (šertʻ), շարդ (šard), շարտ (šart)
** → Romanian: șart
* → Persian: شرط
** → Bashkir: шарт (şart)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: शर्त (śart)
    Urdu: شرط (śart)
** → Kazakh: шарт (şart)
** → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਰਤ (śarat)
    Shahmukhi script: شرط (śart)
* → Turkmen: şert

#### Adjective

شَرْط • (šarṭ) (masculine plural أَشْرَاط (ʔašrāṭ), elative أَشْرَط (ʔašraṭ))
* low, mean

##### Declension
#### Noun

شُرُط • (šuruṭ) pl
* plural of شَرِيط (šarīṭ)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃu.ratˤ/

#### Noun

شُرَط • (šuraṭ) pl
* plural of شُرْطَة (šurṭa)

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَرْط (šarṭ, “condition”), verbal noun of شَرَطَ (šaraṭa, “to make a condition, to stipulate”).

### Noun

شرط • (şart) (definite accusative شرطی (şartı), plural شرطلر (şartlar) or شرائط (şerait))
* condition, requisite, requirement, necessity, something necessary or indispensable
* stipulation, something that is stated or stipulated as a condition of an agreement
* (grammar) condition, a logical clause or phrase that a conditional statement uses

#### Derived terms

* شرط ایتمك (şart etmek, “to lay down as a condition”)
* شرط قوشمق (şart koşmak, “to lay down as a condition”)
* شرط لغو (şart-ı lağıv, “null condition”)
* شرطسز (şartsız, “unconditional”)
* شرطلاشمق (şartlaşmak, “to enter into conditions with one another”)
* شرطلامق (şartlamak, “to cleanse in accordance to the law”)
* شرطلانمق (şartlanmak, “to become bound by a condition”)
* شرطنامه (şartname, “contract”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: şart
* → Albanian: shart
* → Armenian: շարթ (šartʻ), շերթ (šertʻ), շարդ (šard), շարտ (šart)
* → Romanian: șart

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “şart1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4435
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “şart”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1172
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شرط”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 723
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Conditio”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 235
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “شرط”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2798
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “şart”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شرط”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1121

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَرْط (šarṭ).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃaɾt]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃäɹt̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃäɹt̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃäɹt̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃäɹt̪]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃæɹt̪]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃäɹt̪]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

شرط • (šart) (plural شرایط (šarâyet) or شرط‌ها (šart-hâ))
* condition
    شرایط زندگی ― šarâyet-e zendegi ― living conditions, conditions of life
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 309:دست و آلت همچو سنگ و آهن است جفت باید جفت شرط زادن استdast u ālat hamčō sang u āhan ast juft bāyad juft šart-i zādan astHand and tool are as stone and iron; there must be a pair: a pair is the condition for bringing to birth.(Classical Persian transliteration)

#### Derived terms

* شرطنامه (šartnâme, “contract”)
* شرطی (šarti)

#### Descendants

* → Bashkir: шарт (şart)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: शर्त (śart)
    Urdu: شرط (śart)
* → Kazakh: шарт (şart)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਰਤ (śarat)
    Shahmukhi script: شرط (śart)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian شرط (šart), from Arabic شَرْط (šarṭ).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ʃəɾt̪/

### Noun

شَرْط • (šart) f (formal plural شرائط, Hindi spelling शर्त)
* condition, term
* wager, bet
* provision, wage

### References

* “شرط”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “شرط”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.