# quisling
## English
### Alternative forms

* Quisling

### Etymology

Named after Norwegian military officer Vidkun Quisling (1887–1945), who ruled the Nazi collaborationist government of Norway during World War Two. From Quislinus, Latinization of Quislin, based on the Danish place name Kvislemark. This term first appeared in 1940.
The surname is seemingly supposed to mean "one who is from Kvislemark", and is equivalent to Kvisle(mark) +‎ -ing (suffix designating a person of a certain origin or with certain qualities). However, the earlier form of the name, Quislinus/Quislin, appears to have been a fanciful coinage based upon Kvisle(mark) + Latin -inus (“suffix indicating a relationship of position, possession, or origin”), and only later on came to be reinterpreted as containing Norwegian -ing (“suffix designating a person of a certain origin or with certain qualities”). Kvislemark is composed of Danish kvissel (“cleft branch”) +‎ mark (compare Danmark). kvissel itself is a derivative of Old Norse kvísl (“fork [as in a 'fork in the road']”), which ultimately comes (by dissimilation) from Proto-Germanic *twīsilō. Cognates include Old English twisla (“confluence, junction, fork of a river or road”) and Old High German zwisila (“forked implement, twig, branch”).
Ultimately related to English twistle, twissel, and twizzle. By surface analysis, quisle +‎ -ing.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkwɪz.lɪŋ/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

quisling (plural quislings)
* (derogatory) A traitor who collaborates with the enemy. [from 1940]
    Synonyms: collaborator, traitor, rat
** 1940, Walter Tschuppik, The Quislings: Hitler's Trojan Horses, Hutchinson, page 7:In many countries, including some where the Jews were neither numerically strong nor in possession of important posts, these envoys of the German Secret Service have been able, solely by the use of anti-Jewish slogans, to create those "national" Fascist movements from which Quislings are bred.
** 1944, Ralph D. Casey, EM 2: What Is Propaganda?‎, War Department:If, in the nation about to be attacked, influential persons were discovered who could be bribed or corrupted, German agents made use of these quislings.
** 1983 December 17, Tom Reeves, “The Scondras Victory”, in Gay Community News, volume 11, number 22, page 5:It is time to clear out the quislings and paid flunkies of city hall and big business.
** 1993, Will Self, My Idea of Fun:The man she cherishes, the man she butterfly-kisses, the man she sleeps curved around like two spoons in a drawer. It is he who is evil, he who is sworn to destroy her, an emotional quisling of the first water.

#### Derived terms

* quisle
* quisler
* quislingism
* quislingize
* quislingized
* quisling-style

#### Translations
### Verb

quisling
* present participle and gerund of quisle

### See also

* fifth column

### Further reading

* quisling on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Danish
### Etymology

After Vidkun Quisling (1887–1945), who ruled the Nazi collaborationist government of Norway during World War Two.

### Noun

quisling c (singular definite quislingen, plural indefinite quislinge or quislinger)
* a quisling (traitor who collaborates with the enemy. Especially one who collaborates with an enemy force occupying their country)

### References

* “quisling” in Den Danske Ordbog

## Dutch
### Etymology

After Vidkun Quisling.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʋɪs.lɪŋ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: quis‧ling

### Noun

quisling m (plural quislingen, diminutive quislingetje n)
* quisling
    Synonym: landverrader

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Norwegian quisling.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʋisliŋː(i)/, [ˈkʋis̠liŋː(i)]
* Rhymes: -isliŋː(i)

### Noun

quisling
* quisling

#### Declension

Possessive forms of quisling (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
quislingini
quislingini
accusative
nom.
quislingini
quislingini
gen.
quislingini
genitive
quislingini
quislingieni
partitive
quislingiani
quislingejani
inessive
quislingissani
quislingeissani
elative
quislingistani
quislingeistani
illative
quislingiini
quislingeihini
adessive
quislingillani
quislingeillani
ablative
quislingiltani
quislingeiltani
allative
quislingilleni
quislingeilleni
essive
quislinginani
quislingeinani
translative
quislingikseni
quislingeikseni
abessive
quislingittani
quislingeittani
instructive
comitative
—quislingeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
quislingisi
quislingisi
accusative
nom.
quislingisi
quislingisi
gen.
quislingisi
genitive
quislingisi
quislingiesi
partitive
quislingiasi
quislingejasi
inessive
quislingissasi
quislingeissasi
elative
quislingistasi
quislingeistasi
illative
quislingiisi
quislingeihisi
adessive
quislingillasi
quislingeillasi
ablative
quislingiltasi
quislingeiltasi
allative
quislingillesi
quislingeillesi
essive
quislinginasi
quislingeinasi
translative
quislingiksesi
quislingeiksesi
abessive
quislingittasi
quislingeittasi
instructive
comitative
—quislingeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
quislingimme
quislingimme
accusative
nom.
quislingimme
quislingimme
gen.
quislingimme
genitive
quislingimme
quislingiemme
partitive
quislingiamme
quislingejamme
inessive
quislingissamme
quislingeissamme
elative
quislingistamme
quislingeistamme
illative
quislingiimme
quislingeihimme
adessive
quislingillamme
quislingeillamme
ablative
quislingiltamme
quislingeiltamme
allative
quislingillemme
quislingeillemme
essive
quislinginamme
quislingeinamme
translative
quislingiksemme
quislingeiksemme
abessive
quislingittamme
quislingeittamme
instructive
comitative
—quislingeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
quislinginne
quislinginne
accusative
nom.
quislinginne
quislinginne
gen.
quislinginne
genitive
quislinginne
quislingienne
partitive
quislingianne
quislingejanne
inessive
quislingissanne
quislingeissanne
elative
quislingistanne
quislingeistanne
illative
quislingiinne
quislingeihinne
adessive
quislingillanne
quislingeillanne
ablative
quislingiltanne
quislingeiltanne
allative
quislingillenne
quislingeillenne
essive
quislinginanne
quislingeinanne
translative
quislingiksenne
quislingeiksenne
abessive
quislingittanne
quislingeittanne
instructive
comitative
—quislingeinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
quislinginsa
quislinginsa
accusative
nom.
quislinginsa
quislinginsa
gen.
quislinginsa
genitive
quislinginsa
quislingiensa
partitive
quislingiaan quislingiansa
quislingejaan quislingejansa
inessive
quislingissaan quislingissansa
quislingeissaan quislingeissansa
elative
quislingistaan quislingistansa
quislingeistaan quislingeistansa
illative
quislingiinsa
quislingeihinsa
adessive
quislingillaan quislingillansa
quislingeillaan quislingeillansa
ablative
quislingiltaan quislingiltansa
quislingeiltaan quislingeiltansa
allative
quislingilleen quislingillensa
quislingeilleen quislingeillensa
essive
quislinginaan quislinginansa
quislingeinaan quislingeinansa
translative
quislingikseen quislingiksensa
quislingeikseen quislingeiksensa
abessive
quislingittaan quislingittansa
quislingeittaan quislingeittansa
instructive
comitative
—quislingeineen quislingeinensa :

### Further reading

* “quisling”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

1940, after Vidkun Quisling (1887–1945), who ruled the Nazi collaborationist government of Norway during World War Two.

### Noun

quisling m (definite singular quislingen, indefinite plural quislinger, definite plural quislingene)
* a quisling (traitor who collaborates with an enemy force occupying their country)

### References

* “quisling” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

1940, after Vidkun Quisling (1887–1945), who ruled the Nazi collaborationist government of Norway during World War Two.

### Noun

quisling m (definite singular quislingen, indefinite plural quislingar, definite plural quislingane)
* alternative spelling of kvisling (“a quisling, traitor”)

### References

* “quisling” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English quisling.

### Noun

quisling m (plural quislings)
* (derogatory) quisling (traitor who collaborates with the enemy)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Norwegian Bokmål Quisling.

### Noun

quisling m (plural quislingi)
* quisling

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Etymology

After Vidkun Quisling.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²kvɪsˌlɪŋ/
* Hyphenation: quis‧ling
* Rhymes: -²ɪslɪŋ

### Noun

quisling c
* (derogatory) a quisling
    Synonyms: landsförrädare, kollaboratör

#### Declension
### References

* quisling in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* quisling in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* quisling in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)