# dair
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Arabic دَائِر (dāʔir).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

dair (comparative daha dair, superlative ən dair)
* about, related to, concerning [with dative]
    Synonyms: haqqında, barədə

### Further reading

* “dair” in Obastan.com.

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d̪ˠaɾʲ/

### Etymology 1

* PIE word
* *dóru
From Old Irish dair, from Proto-Celtic *daru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru.

#### Noun

dair f (genitive singular darach or dara, nominative plural daracha)
* oak
* the letter D in the Ogham alphabet

##### Declension
###### As a fifth-declension noun

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
dair
daracha
vocative
a dhair
a dharacha
genitive
darach
darach
dative
dair daraigh (archaic, dialectal)
daracha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an dair
na daracha
genitive
na darach
na ndarach
dative
leis an dair leis an daraigh (archaic, dialectal) don dair don daraigh (archaic, dialectal)
leis na daracha :

###### As a third-declension noun

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
dair
daracha
vocative
a dhair
a dharacha
genitive
dara
daracha
dative
dair
daracha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an dair
na daracha
genitive
na dara
na ndaracha
dative
leis an dair don dair
leis na daracha :

##### Derived terms

* dair cheirmise (“kermes oak”)
* dair dhubh (“bog-oak”)
* dair ghalaithe (“fumed oak”)
* dair shíorghlas (“live-oak”)
* dair thoilm (“holm-oak”)
* gál darach (“oak-apple, oak-gall”)
* glasán darach
* snag darach

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

dair (present analytic daireann, future analytic dairfidh, verbal noun dar, past participle dartha)
* (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of doir

##### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | dairim | daireann tú; dairir$^†$ | daireann sé, sí | dairimid | daireann sibh | daireann siad; dairid$^†$ | a dhaireann; a dhaireas / a ndaireann* | dairtear |
| indicative | past | dhair mé; dhaireas | dhair tú; dhairis | dhair sé, sí | dhaireamar; dhair muid | dhair sibh; dhaireabhair | dhair siad; dhaireadar | a dhair / ar dhair* | daireadh |
| indicative | past habitual | dhairinn / ndairinn‡‡ | dhairteá / ndairteá‡‡ | dhaireadh sé, sí / ndaireadh sé, sí‡‡ | dhairimis; dhaireadh muid / ndairimis‡‡; ndaireadh muid‡‡ | dhaireadh sibh / ndaireadh sibh‡‡ | dhairidís; dhaireadh siad / ndairidís‡‡; ndaireadh siad‡‡ | a dhaireadh / a ndaireadh* | dhairtí / ndairtí‡‡ |
| future | future | dairfidh mé; dairfead | dairfidh tú; dairfir$^†$ | dairfidh sé, sí | dairfimid; dairfidh muid | dairfidh sibh | dairfidh siad; dairfid$^†$ | a dhairfidh; a dhairfeas / a ndairfidh* | dairfear |
| conditional | conditional | dhairfinn / ndairfinn‡‡ | dhairfeá / ndairfeá‡‡ | dhairfeadh sé, sí / ndairfeadh sé, sí‡‡ | dhairfimis; dhairfeadh muid / ndairfimis‡‡; ndairfeadh muid‡‡ | dhairfeadh sibh / ndairfeadh sibh‡‡ | dhairfidís; dhairfeadh siad / ndairfidís‡‡; ndairfeadh siad‡‡ | a dhairfeadh / a ndairfeadh* | dhairfí / ndairfí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go ndaire mé; go ndairead$^†$ | go ndaire tú; go ndairir$^†$ | go ndaire sé, sí | go ndairimid; go ndaire muid | go ndaire sibh | go ndaire siad; go ndairid$^†$ | — | go ndairtear |
| subjunctive | past | dá ndairinn | dá ndairteá | dá ndaireadh sé, sí | dá ndairimis; dá ndaireadh muid | dá ndaireadh sibh | dá ndairidís; dá ndaireadh siad | — | dá ndairtí |
| imperative | imperative | dairim | dair | daireadh sé, sí | dairimis | dairigí; dairidh$^†$ | dairidís | — | dairtear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | daireadh | daireadh | daireadh | daireadh | daireadh | daireadh | daireadh | daireadh |
| past participle | past participle | dairthe | dairthe | dairthe | dairthe | dairthe | dairthe | dairthe | dairthe |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Etymology 3
#### Preposition

dair
* Alternative form of dar (“by”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 65
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 100

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “dair”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “dair”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “dair”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Old Irish
### Alternative forms

* daur (early)

### Etymology

From earlier daur, from Proto-Celtic *daru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru; compare Ancient Greek δόρυ (dóru, “tree”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [darʲ]

### Noun

dair f (genitive dara or darach)
* oak
** c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 38$^a$9
    quercus .i. daur
** c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 33$^a$5
    is clí darach Moysi
       oaken pillar of Moses

#### Inflection

Feminine k-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | dair | daraig$^L$ | daraig |
| Vocative | dair | daraig$^L$ | daracha |
| Accusative | daraig$^N$ | daraig$^L$ | daracha |
| Genitive | darach | darach | darach$^N$ |
| Dative | daraig$^L$ | darachaib | darachaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||
Feminine i-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | dair | dair$^L$ | dairi$^H$ |
| Vocative | dair | dair$^L$ | dairi$^H$ |
| Accusative | dair$^N$ | dair$^L$ | dairi$^H$ |
| Genitive | daro$^H$, dara$^H$ | daro$^H$, dara$^H$ | daire$^N$ |
| Dative | dair$^L$ | dairib | dairib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Related terms

* daire

#### Descendants

* Irish: dair
* Manx: darragh
* Scottish Gaelic: darach

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

* PIE word
* *dóru
From Old Irish dair, from Proto-Celtic *daru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t̪aɾʲ/

### Noun

dair f (genitive singular daire, plural dairean)
* (archaic) oak (tree)
* (obsolete) the letter D in the Ogham alphabet

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish دائر (da'ir, dayir), from Arabic دَائِر (dāʔir), active participle of دَارَ (dāra, “to revolve around”). Compare Kumyk даир (dair).

### Postposition

dair
* (with dative) about, related to, concerning

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “dair”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دائر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 886
* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN, page 268

## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dai̯r/

### Numeral

dair
* Soft mutation of tair (“three”).

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.