OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# astronomický
## Czech
### Etymology

From Latin astronomicus +‎ -ický.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈastronomɪt͡skiː]
* Rhymes: -ɪtskiː

### Adjective

astronomický
* astronomical (of or relating to astronomy)
    Synonym: hvězdářský

#### Related terms

* astronom
* astronomie

### Further reading

* “astronomický”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “astronomický”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# stunting
## English
### Etymology

See stunt.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈstʌntɪŋ/
* Rhymes: -ʌntɪŋ

### Verb

stunting
* present participle and gerund of stunt

### Noun

stunting (countable and uncountable, plural stuntings)
* (informal) The act of performing stunts or ostentatiously showing off.
* (medicine) Stunted growth, often caused by chronic malnutrition.
** 1759, James Justice, The British Gardener's Calendar:Hence happens the frequent stuntings, blighting, and destruction of young trees […]

#### Derived terms

* runting-stunting syndrome

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Nuttings, nuttings
# bucal
## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /buˈkaw/ [buˈkaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /buˈkal/ [buˈkaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /buˈkal/ [buˈkaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /buˈka.li/
* Homophones: bocal (Portugal), vocal (Porto)
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
* Hyphenation: bu‧cal

### Adjective

bucal m or f (plural bucais)
* buccal
* oral

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French buccal.

### Adjective

bucal m or n (feminine singular bucală, masculine plural bucali, feminine and neuter plural bucale)
* buccal

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buˈkal/ [buˈkal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: bu‧cal

### Adjective

bucal m or f (masculine and feminine plural bucales)
* buccal
* oral

#### Derived terms

* enjuague bucal

### Further reading

* “bucal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# recytator
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin recitātor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛ.t͡sɘˈta.tɔr/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -atɔr
* Syllabification: re‧cy‧ta‧tor

### Noun

recytator m pers (female equivalent recytatorka)
* (literary) reciter
    Synonym: deklamator

#### Derived terms

* recytatorski

#### Related terms

* recytacyjny
* recytacja
* recytować
* wyrecytować
* zarecytować

### Further reading

* recytator in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* recytator in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# recytatorka
## Polish
### Etymology

From recytator +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛ.t͡sɘ.taˈtɔr.ka/
* Rhymes: -ɔrka
* Syllabification: re‧cy‧ta‧tor‧ka

### Noun

recytatorka f (male equivalent recytator)
* (literary) female equivalent of recytator (“reciter”)
    Synonym: deklamatorka

#### Related terms

* recytacyjny
* recytatorski
* recytacja
* recytować
* wyrecytować
* zarecytować

### Further reading

* recytatorka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* recytatorka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# orać
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *oràti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *árˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éryeti, from *h₂erh₃-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔ.rat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔrat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: o‧rać

### Verb

orać impf (perfective zaorać)
* (transitive) to plough
* (colloquial, transitive) to work hard; to work one's butt off
* (colloquial, transitive) to tire someone; to exhaust someone [with instrumental]
* (slang, transitive) to plough, to have sex with someone
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:uprawiać seks
* (Internet slang, transitive) to decisively win an a debate or argument, especially through witty or thoughtful remarks
* (hyperbolic, transitive) to abandon; to destroy a place or piece of infrastructure due to being useless

#### Conjugation

Standard conjugation:
or
Colloquial conjugation, used especially with senses 2-4, proscribed by many dictionaries:

#### Derived terms

* orny
* oracz
* oranie
* orka
* doorać pf, doorywać impf
* nadorać pf
* naorać pf
* oborać pf, oborywać impf
* odorać pf, odorywać impf
* podorać pf, podorywać impf
* poorać pf
* przeorać pf, przeorywać impf
* przyorać pf, przyorywać impf
* rozorać pf, rozorywać impf
* worać pf, worywać impf
* wyorać pf, wyorywać impf
* wzorać pf
* zaorać pf, zaorywać impf
* zorać pf, zorywać impf

#### Related terms

* radło
* rataj
* rola

### Further reading

* orać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* orać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# conjuntiva
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [kuɲ.ʒunˈti.βə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [koɲ.ʒunˈti.və]
* IPA: (Valencia) [koɲ.d͡ʒunˈti.va]

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Medieval Latin conjūnctīva (“serving to connect, connective”, feminine), ellipsis of membrāna conjūnctīva (literally “conjunctive membrane”).

#### Noun

conjuntiva f (plural conjuntives)
* (anatomy, ophthalmology) conjunctiva (membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid)

##### Related terms

* conjuntivitis

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Adjective

conjuntiva
* feminine singular of conjuntiu

### Further reading

* “conjuntiu” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “conjuntiva”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “conjuntiva” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kõ.ʒũˈt͡ʃi.vɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /kõ.ʒũˈt͡ʃi.vɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /kõ.ʒũˈt͡ʃi.va/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kõ.ʒũˈti.vɐ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kõ.ʒũˈti.vɐ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /kõ.ʒũˈti.bɐ/ [kõ.ʒũˈti.βɐ]
* Rhymes: -ivɐ
* Hyphenation: con‧jun‧ti‧va

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Medieval Latin conjūnctīva (“serving to connect, connective”, feminine), ellipsis of membrāna conjūnctīva (literally “conjunctive membrane”).

#### Noun

conjuntiva f (plural conjuntivas)
* (anatomy, ophthalmology) conjunctiva (membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid)

##### Related terms

* conjuntivite
* conjuntivo
* conjunto

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Adjective

conjuntiva
* feminine singular of conjuntivo

### Further reading

* “conjuntiva”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “conjuntiva”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
* “conjuntiva” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “conjuntiva”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “conjuntiva”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /konxunˈtiba/ [kõŋ.xũn̪ˈt̪i.β̞a]
* Rhymes: -iba
* Syllabification: con‧jun‧ti‧va

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Medieval Latin conjūnctīva (“serving to connect, connective”, feminine), ellipsis of membrāna conjūnctīva (literally “conjunctive membrane”).

#### Noun

conjuntiva f (plural conjuntivas)
* (anatomy, ophthalmology) conjunctiva (membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid)

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Adjective

conjuntiva
* feminine singular of conjuntivo

### Further reading

* “conjuntivo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# gimnazjum
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Gymnasium, from Latin gymnasium, from Ancient Greek γυμνάσιον (gumnásion, “exercise, school”), from γυμνός (gumnós, “naked”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡimˈna.zjum/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -azjum
* Syllabification: gim‧na‧zjum

### Noun

gimnazjum n
* (historical) a former type of secondary school in Poland, starting at the age of 12-13, and following at that time 6 years of elementary school; gymnasium; removed in 2017 by increasing the length of elementary (szkoła podstawowa) and secondary (liceum) school education

#### Derived terms

* gimbaza
* gimnazjalista
* gimnazjalistka
* gimnazjalny

### Further reading

* gimnazjum in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* gimnazjum in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# nfrt
## Egyptian
### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /ˈnafɾat/ → /ˈnafɾaʔ/ → /ˈnafɾa/ → /ˈnafɾə/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ˈnafɾat/
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /ˈnafɾaʔ/
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /ˈnafɾa/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /ˈnafɾə/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /nɛfɛrɛt/
** Conventional anglicization: neferet

### Adjective

* feminine singular of nfr
** 12th Dynasty, coffin of Nakhtankh, British Museum EA 35285:
    […] qrst nfrt m jz.f nfr n ẖrt-nṯr […][…] a good burial in his wonderful tomb of the necropolis […]

### Noun

f
* something pleasing, beautiful, or good; good thing, fine thing
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 115–116: nn ntt nn st m ẖnw.f jw.f mḥ(.w) ẖr nfrwt nbtThere isn’t a thing that isn’t inside it, and it is full of all fine things.
** c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) line 1.6: jw nfrt jdn bw nfr jw nh(j) n(j) ktt jdn wrFor a good thing serves for goodness, for a bit of a little thing serves for a big thing.

#### Alternative forms

| nfrt | nfrt | nfrt |
| | | [Old Kingdom] |

#### Descendants

* Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲟϥⲣⲉ (nofre)
* Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲟϥⲣⲓ (nofri)
* Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟϥⲣⲉ (nofre)

### Noun

f
* beautiful, fine, or good woman
* epithet for various goddesses
* maiden, lass; nubile or marriageable young woman

#### Alternative forms

| nfrt | nfrt | nfrt | nfrt | nfrt |
| | | [Old Kingdom] | [New Kingdom] | [Greco-Roman Period] |

#### Derived terms

* nfrt-jꜣbt
* nfrt-jj.tj
* nfrt-jrj
* nfrt-ḥnwt
* nfrt-kꜣw

### Proper noun

f
* a female given name, Nofret

#### Alternative forms

| nfrt | nfrt |

### References

* “nfr.t (lemma ID 83680)”, “nfr.t (lemma ID 83660)”, and “nfr.t (lemma ID 83670)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 258.4–258.10, 259.3–259.9
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 131–132
* Ranke, Hermann (1935) Die ägyptischen Personennamen‎, volume 1, Glückstadt: Verlag von J. J. Augustin, page 201.10
* Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 42
# Wołoch
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old East Slavic волохъ (voloxŭ), from Proto-Slavic *volxъ, from Proto-Germanic *walhaz. Doublet of Walia, wałach, Wałach, Włoch, and Włochy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvɔ.wɔx/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔwɔx
* Syllabification: Wo‧łoch

### Noun

Wołoch m pers (female equivalent Wołoszka)
* Vlach (person from Wallachia or of Wallachian descent)

#### Derived terms

* wołoski
* Wołoszczyzna

### Proper noun

Wołoch m pers
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Proper noun

Wołoch f (indeclinable)
* a female surname

### Further reading

* Wołoch in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# bezpodstawność
## Polish
### Etymology

From bezpodstawny +‎ -ość.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛs.pɔtˈstav.nɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -avnɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: bez‧pod‧staw‧ność

### Noun

bezpodstawność f
* baselessness, groundlessness, unfoundedness, unjustifiedness
    Synonym: bezzasadność

#### Related terms

* bezpodstawny
* bezpodstawnie
* podstawa

### Further reading

* bezpodstawność in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# buczeć
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* buczéć (Central Greater Poland)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bučàti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbu.t͡ʂɛt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ut͡ʂɛt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: bu‧czeć

### Verb

buczeć impf
* (intransitive) to buzz, to hum, to drone
    Synonyms: brzęczeć, bzykać
* (intransitive) to boo

#### Derived terms

* buczenie

### Further reading

* buczeć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* buczeć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# atalerësta
## Slovincian
### Alternative forms

* atalrësta

### Etymology

From atalerëja +‎ -ësta. Compare Kashubian artëlerzista / artëlerësta and Polish artylerzysta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ta.lɛˈrəs.ta/
* Rhymes: -a
* Syllabification: a‧ta‧le‧rës‧ta

### Noun

atalerësta m pers
* artillerist

#### Related terms

* ataleryny

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “atălerȧ̃stă”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 6
# bracero
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish bracero (“laborer”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɹəˈsɪəɹəʊ/ (or as Spanish, below)

### Noun

bracero (plural braceros)
* (historical) A Mexican national working as an agricultural laborer in the United States from 1942-1964, or similarly a railroad worker from 1942-1945.

## Spanish
### Etymology

From brazo (“arm”) +‎ -ero.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /bɾaˈθeɾo/ [bɾaˈθe.ɾo]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /bɾaˈseɾo/ [bɾaˈse.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -eɾo
* Syllabification: bra‧ce‧ro

### Noun

bracero m (plural braceros)
* labourer, farmhand, navvy

#### Derived terms

* ir de bracero

### Further reading

* “bracero”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ḫsf
## Egyptian
### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /ˈχaːsaf/ → /ˈχaːsaf/ → /ˈχaːsəf/ → /ˈχoːsəf/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ˈχaːsaf/ (infinitive)
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /ˈχaːsaf/ (infinitive)
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /ˈχaːsəf/ (infinitive)
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /ˈχoːsəf/ (infinitive)
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /xɛsɛf/
** Conventional anglicization: khesef

### Verb

3-lit.
* (transitive) to bar, to thwart, to fend off (+ ḥr: to prevent from doing)
* (intransitive) to punish (+ n: to punish (someone))
** c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 2.1–2.2: (j)m ꜥꜣ jb.k ḥr ḫpš m ḥr(j) jb ḏꜣmw.k zꜣw jtn.k nj rḫ.n.tw ḫprt jrrt nṯr ḫft ḫsf.fDon’t grow arrogant (lit. don’t make your heart big) on account of (your) strength in the midst of your cohort, lest you be challenged. One cannot know what might come to be or what the god might do when he punishes.
** c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Ptahhotep (pPrisse/pBN 186–194) lines 6.1–6.2 (74–77): jr gm.k ḏꜣjsw m ꜣt.f m ḥwrw nj js mjtw.k m ꜣd(w) jb.k r.f ḫft ẖzz.f jmj sw r tꜣ ḫsf.f n.f ḏs.fIf you find a disputant in the act who is an inferior and not your equal, don’t let yourself rage at him in accordance with his being wretched; set him aside (literally, “to the earth”) and he himself will punish himself.
* (intransitive, with r) to oppose
    ― jm ḫsf r.j ― Do not oppose me.

#### Alternative forms

| ḫsb | ḫsf |
| [Pyramid Texts] |

#### Derived terms

* ḫsf ꜣt

#### Descendants

* Akhmimic Coptic: ⳉⲱⲥϥ (xōsf)
* Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲱϣϥ (šōšf)
* Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲱϣϥ (sōšf)

### References

* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 173, 218, 388.
* Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, pages 134, 147
# Vorstand
## German
### Etymology

From vorstehen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈfoːɐ̯ʃtant]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Vor‧stand

### Noun

Vorstand m (strong, genitive Vorstandes or Vorstands, plural Vorstände)
* (collective) board, board of directors, (of a church) council, (of a party) executive, (of an organization) committee, executive committee
    Synonyms: Chefetage, Direktion, Direktorium, Führungsspitze, Führungsstab, Leitung, Management, Präsidium, Spitze, Stab, Vorstandschaft, Zentralkomitee

### Noun

Vorstand m (strong, genitive Vorstandes or Vorstands, plural Vorstände, feminine Vorständin or (dated) Vorstand)
* director, board member, (member of a church) warden
    Synonyms: Direktor, Manager, Vorsitzender
** 1961, Ödön von Horvath, edited by Traugott Krischke, Stücke, page 341:FRAU LEIMGRUBER grüßt: Guten Abend, Frau Vorstand!(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1967, Sigurd von Ilsemann, Der Kaiser in Holland. Aufzeichnungen des letzten Flügeladjutanten Kaiser Wilhelm II. aus Amerongen und Doorn 1918 - 1923, München: Biederstein Verlag, page 257:Die Gräfin Groeben hat neulich zu Nitz gesagt, es sei ausgeschlossen, daß meine Frau Vorstand des Vaterländischen Frauenvereins würde; denn das wäre und bliebe die Kronprinzeß.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Derived terms

* Abteilungsvorstand
* Amtsvorstand
* Bahnhofsvorstand
* Börsenvorstand
* Familienvorstand
* Fraktionsvorstand
* Gemeindevorstand
* Hauptvorstand
* Haushaltsvorstand
* Kirchenvorstand
* Klassenvorstand
* Parteivorstand
* Schulvorstand
* Stationsvorstand
* Verbandsvorstand
* Vorständler
* Vorstandschaft
* Vorstandsmitglied
* Vorstandssitzung
* Vorstandssprecher
* Vorstandstisch
* Vorstandsvorsitzender
* Vorstandswahl
* Wahlvorstand

#### Related terms

* vorstehen

### Further reading

* “Vorstand” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Vorstand” in Duden online
* Vorstand on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{de}$
# polonijny
## Polish
### Etymology

From Polonia +‎ -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔ.lɔˈɲij.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ijnɘ
* Syllabification: po‧lo‧nij‧ny

### Adjective

polonijny (not comparable, derived adverb polonijnie)
* (relational) Polish diaspora (name for Polish people or people of Polish descent living outside the borders of Poland)

#### Derived terms

* polonijność

#### Related terms

* Polonia

### Further reading

* polonijny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* polonijny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# 𗀾

| 𗀾 | U+1703E, &#94270; TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-1703E |
| ← 𗀽 [U+1703D] | Tangut | 𗀿 → [U+1703F] |

## Tangut
### Pronunciation

* (Li Fanwen 2008): *tsewr¹
* (Miyake 2019): *¹tsewr₁
* (Kychanov 2006): *tsẹɯ¹
* (Sofronov 1968): *tsə̣ɯ¹

### Definitions

𗀾 (radical 𘥔+5, 6 strokes, composition ⿰𘠁𘥔)
* cup

#### Compounds

* 𗟇𗀾 (*tsə̣¹ tsewr¹)

### References

* 𘝞𗗚 [*ꞏjwɨr² ŋjow², Wénhǎi / Sea of Writing] (in Tangut), 12th c.: Level Tone volume, folio 90A, column 4, character 3
* 𗙏𘙰 [*ɣiẹ² lew², Tóngyīn / Homophones] (in Tangut), 12th c.:
   * A edition: folio 31B, column 2, character 2
   * B edition: folio 32A, column 5, character 1
* Li Fanwen (2012) 簡明夏漢字典 [Concise Xia-Han Dictionary] (in Chinese), revised edition, character 2991
* Miyake, Marc (2019) “Tangut Phonetic Database 4.0”, in amritas.com
* Kychanov, Yevgeny (2006) Словарь тангутского (Си Ся) языка [Slovarʹ tangutskovo (Si Sja) jazyka, Dictionary of the Tangut (Xi Xia) Language] (in Russian), character 0650-0
* Sofronov, Mikhail Viktorovich (1968) Грамматика тангутского языка [Grammatika tangutskovo jazyka, Grammar of the Tangut Language] (in Russian), character 1610
# နဝရတ်
## Burmese
### Etymology

နဝ (na.wa., “nine”) +‎ ရတနာ (ra.ta.na, “gem”). Borrowed from Sanskrit नवरत्न (navaratna).

### Pronunciation

* Phonetic respelling: န'ဝ'*ရတ်
* IPA: /nəwəɹaʔ/
* Romanization: MLCTS: na.wa.rat • ALA-LC: navaratʻ • BGN/PCGN: năwărat • Okell: năwăraʔ

### Noun

နဝရတ် • (na.wa.rat)
* (art) nine precious stones

#### Hyponyms

* ကြောင် (kraung)
* ဂေါ်မိတ် (gaumit)
* စိန် (cin)
* နီလာ (nila)
* ပတ္တမြား (patta.mra:)
* ပုလဲ (pu.lai:)
* မြ (mra.)
* သန္တာ (santa)
* ဥဿဖရား (u.ssa.hpa.ra:)

### References

* “နဝရတ်” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
# sleuth
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /sluːθ/
* (General American) IPA: /sluːθ/
* Rhymes: -uːθ
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Etymology 1

Clipping of sleuthhound.

#### Noun

sleuth (plural sleuths)
* A detective.
    Synonyms: detective, gumshoe, investigator, dick, private eye
** 1908, Edith Van Dyne (Frank L. Baum), Aunt Jane’s Nieces at Millville
    Do ye want me to become a sleuth, or engage detectives to track the objects of your erroneous philanthropy?
** 2021 June 23, Carl Zimmer, quoting Michael Worobey, “Scientist Finds Early Virus Sequences That Had Been Mysteriously Deleted”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:“This is a great piece of sleuth work for sure, and it significantly advances efforts to understand the origin of SARS-CoV-2,” said Michael Worobey, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Arizona who was not involved in the study.
* (archaic) A sleuthhound; a bloodhound.
* (obsolete) An animal’s trail or track.

##### Derived terms

* sleuth dog
* sleuthhound

##### Translations
#### Verb

sleuth (third-person singular simple present sleuths, present participle sleuthing, simple past and past participle sleuthed)
* (intransitive, transitive) To act as a detective; to try to discover who committed a crime, or, more generally, to solve a mystery.
** 1922, Agatha Christie, The Secret Adversary:We must discover where he lives, what he does — sleuth him, in fact!

##### Synonyms

* shadow

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Old English slǣwþ, corresponding to slow + -th.

#### Noun

sleuth (plural sleuths)
* (obsolete, uncountable) Slowness; laziness, sloth.
    Synonyms: idleness, inertia, laziness, lethargy, sloth, slothfulness
* (rare, collective) A group of bears.
    Synonym: sloth
** 1961, Noel Perrin, A Passport Secretly Green, page 89:As quietly as if I were practicing to join a sleuth of bears, I crept out the door and went on home, eventually winding up in the garage…
** 1995, Bobbie Ann Mason, The Girl Sleuth, page 13:If these dainty adventurers weren’t being chased by a sleuth of bears or bogeys, they were being captured by Gypsies or thieves.
** 2007, Elinor DeWire, The Lightkeepers’ Menagerie: Stories of Animals at Lighthouses, page 200:From the darkness came the howls of routs of wolves and bands of coyotes, the rumbling growls of a sleuth of bears or the bugles of a gang of elk.

#### See also

* sloth
* Appendix:Animals

### References

* ↑ http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/181701

### Anagrams

* Hulets, Lesuth, Lueths, hustle
# မင်းမြောက်တန်ဆာ
## Burmese
### Etymology

မင်း (mang:, “king”) +‎ မြောက် (mrauk) +‎ တန်ဆာ (tanhca, “ornament”)

### Pronunciation

* Phonetic respelling: မင်းမြောက်ဒန်'ဇာ
* IPA: /mɪ́ɴmjaʊʔdəzà/
* Romanization: MLCTS: mang:mrauktanhca • ALA-LC: maṅʻʺmrokʻtanʻchā • BGN/PCGN: min:myaukdăza • Okell: mìñmyauʔtăhsa

### Noun

မင်းမြောက်တန်ဆာ • (mang:mrauktanhca)
* (historical) five articles of coronation regalia, i.e., crown, white umbrella, dagger, flywhisk, and footwear

#### Hyponyms

* ခြေနင်း (hkrenang:)
* ထီးဖြူ (hti:hpru)
* မကိုဋ် (ma.kuit)
* သန်လျက် (sanlyak)
* သားမြီးယပ် (sa:mri:yap)

### References

* “မင်းမြောက်တန်ဆာ” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.