# 運河
## Chinese

* 運河 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 運河 (Cantonese)
* 運河 (Gan)
* Ông-ò̤ (Eastern Min)
* ūn-hô (Southern Min)
* 运河 (Wu)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yùnhé
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˋ ㄏㄜˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wan$^6$ ho$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): vun$^5$ ho$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yun-hò
    (Hailu, HRS): rhun$^˖$ ho
* Eastern Min (BUC): ông-ò̤
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ong$^5$ hor$^2$ / uong$^5$ hor$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ūn-hô
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yùnhé
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˋ ㄏㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yùnhé
*** Wade–Giles: yün$^4$-ho$^2$
*** Yale: yùn-hé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yunnher
*** Palladius: юньхэ (junʹxɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /yn⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wan$^6$ ho$^4$
*** Yale: wahn hòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wan$^6$ ho$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wen$^6$ ho$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐn²² hɔː²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: vun$^5$ ho$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /vun³² hᵘɔ²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yun-hò
*** Hakka Romanization System: iun ho$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yun$^4$ ho$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯un⁵⁵ ho¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yun-hò
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)iun ho$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yun$^4$ ho$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯un⁵⁵ ho¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhun$^˖$ ho
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒun³³ ho⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: ông-ò̤
*** Sinological IPA : /uŋ²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ $^{(Ø-)}$ŋo⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ong$^5$ hor$^2$ [Phonetic: ong$^5$ ngor$^2$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔŋ²¹ $^{(h-)}$ŋɒ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: uong$^5$ hor$^2$ [Phonetic: uong$^5$ ngor$^2$]
*** Sinological IPA : /uoŋ²¹ $^{(h-)}$ŋɒ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ūn-hô
*** Tâi-lô: ūn-hô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: uxnhooi
*** IPA (Xiamen): /un²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /un⁴¹⁻²² ho²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /un²²⁻²¹ ho¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /un³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /un³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³/

### Noun

運河
* canal (Classifier: 條／条 m)

#### Derived terms

* 京杭大運河 / 京杭大运河 (Jīng-Háng Dàyùnhé)
* 京杭運河 / 京杭运河 (Jīng-Háng Yùnhé)
* 大運河 / 大运河 (Dàyùnhé)
* 巴拿馬運河 / 巴拿马运河 (Bānámǎ Yùnhé)
* 蘇伊士運河 / 苏伊士运河 (Sūyīshì yùnhé)

### Proper noun

運河
* (～區) Yunhe (a district of Cangzhou, Hebei, China)
* (～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Yunhe (a town in Xiangshui, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China, formerly a township)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 運 | 河 |
| うん Grade: 3 | か > が Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) うんが [úꜜǹgà] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɯ̟̃ŋɡa̠]

### Noun

運(うん)河(が) • (unga)
* canal
    パナマ運(うん)河(が) ― Panama Unga ― Panama Canal

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ “運河”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 運 | 河 |

### Noun

運河 • (unha) (hangeul 운하)
* hanja form of 운하 (“canal”)