# ba-
## Amasi
### Noun

ba-
* a plural prefix

### References

* Africana Marburgensia (1973)

## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba/, [ba]

### Etymology 1
#### Conjunction

ba-
* (Southern) if
    Izozki bat erosiko dizut erosketak egiten badituzu.I'll buy you an icecream if you do the shopping.

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* ba (see usage notes)

#### Particle

ba-
* Prefixed to verb forms to show emphasis.
    Nik badaukat erantzun zuzena.I do have the correct answer.

##### Usage notes

When used together with the particles al, omen and ote; it is written as a separate word before the other particle (see ba for usage examples).

### Further reading

* “ba-”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Garo
### Alternative forms

* bat-

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Prefix

ba-
* forms question words, what?

#### Usage notes

* the form bat- is used only before locative -cha.
* combining forms only, not used with the nominative
but with most other case markers

### References

* Burling, R. (2003) The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo) Vol. II: The Lexicon‎, Bangladesh: University of Michigan, page 48

## Hausa
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bà-/
** (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA: [bə̀-]

### Prefix

bà-
* A prefix indicating ethnic or geographical origin or, less often, someone's trade.

## Navajo
### Prefix

ba-
* (disjunct prefix of position I) Postpositional prefix occurring in conjunction with di- in themes related to exhaustion, completion ► Navajo terms prefixed with ba- (postpositional)

## North Moluccan Malay
### Etymology

From Malay ber-

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ba-/
* Note: Just like any other prefixes in the language, it's usually unstressed in many words.

### Prefix

ba-
* Verb-deriving suffix
** Used to form a verb from another word.
    roko (“cigarate”) > baroko (“to smoke”)
** Used to form a verb that has the meaning of 'to become or get'.
    panas (“hot”) > bapanas (“to become hot”)
** Used to form the voluntariness of a verb.
    jatong (“to fall”) > bajatong (“to fall (on purpose)”)
** Used to form a reciprocal verb.
    poló (“to hug”) > bapoló (“to hug (each other)”)
** Used to form a reflexive verb.
    ganti (“to change”) > baganti (“to change (one's own clothing)”)
** Used to intensify a verb, sometimes with the purpose of making it more 'intransitive'.
    cek (“to check”) > bacék (“to check”)
* Adjective-deriving suffix
** Used to form an adjective that has the meaning of 'having a (property of) or related to'.
    asap (“smoke”) > baasap (“smoking, smoky”)
** (sometimes with the base word reduplicated) Used to form an adjective that has the meaning of 'having a similar characteristic of'.
    Cina (“China; Chinese”) > bacina (“somewhat Chinese”)
* (rare) Numeral-deriving suffix
** Used to form a number that has the meaning of 'each of'.
** (rough translation, with the base word reduplicated) Used to form a number that has the meaning of 'each of' and "togetherness".

#### Derived terms

* baba-
* pamba-
Other terms prefixed with this prefix:

### See also

* baku-
* ta-
* pang- (uncommon)

## Northern Ndebele
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* they; class 2 subject concord.
* them; class 2 object concord.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 2 possessive concord.

### Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 14 possessive concord.

## Northern Sotho
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bà-.

### Prefix

ba-
* Class 2 noun prefix.

## Nzadi
### Prefix

ba-
* A clitic added to the plural forms of nouns that are identical to the singular forms in order to mark plurality explicitly.
** Added to the plural forms of some nouns that do have distinct plural forms in order to express that various individuals are meant.

### Further reading

* Crane, Thera, Larry Hyman, Simon Nsielanga Tukumu (2011) A grammar of Nzadi [B.865]: a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, →ISBN

## Phuthi
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

### Prefix

ba-
* they; class 2 subject concord.
* them; class 2 object concord.

## Sotho
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bà-.

### Prefix

ba-
* Class 2 noun prefix.

## Southern Ndebele
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* they; class 2 subject concord.
* them; class 2 object concord.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 2 possessive concord.

### Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 14 possessive concord.

## Swazi
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bá-bà-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* Class 2 noun prefix.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* they; class 2 subject concord.
* them; class 2 object concord.

### Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 2 possessive concord.

### Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 14 possessive concord.

## Tooro
### Alternative forms

* (before /e/) be-
* (before /o/) bo-

### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /βa-/

### Prefix

ba-
* they; class 2 subject concord
    ‎ba- + ‎-kora (“to do”) → ‎bakora (“they do”)

#### See also

| Class | Person | Independent | Possessive | Subject concord | Object concord | Combined forms | Combined forms |
| Class | Person | Independent | Possessive | Subject concord | Object concord | na | ni |
| Class 1 | First | nyowe, nye | -ange | n- | -n- | nanyowe, nanye | ninyowe, ninye |
| Class 1 | Second | iwe | -awe | o- | -ku- | naiwe | niiwe |
| Class 1 | Third | uwe | -e | a- | -mu- | nawe | nuwe |
| Class 2 | First | itwe | -aitu | tu- | -tu- | naitwe | niitwe |
| Class 2 | Second | inywe | -anyu | mu- | -ba- | nainywe | niinywe |
| Class 2 | Third | abo | -abo | ba- | -ba- | nabo | nubo |
| Class 3 | Class 3 | gwo | -agwo | gu- | -gu- | nagwo | nugwo |
| Class 4 | Class 4 | yo | -ayo | e- | -gi- | nayo | niyo |
| Class 5 | Class 5 | lyo | -alyo | li- | -li- | nalyo | niryo |
| Class 6 | Class 6 | go | -ago | ga- | -ga- | nago | nugo |
| Class 7 | Class 7 | kyo | -akyo | ki- | -ki- | nakyo | nikyo |
| Class 8 | Class 8 | byo | -abyo | bi- | -bi- | nabyo | nibyo |
| Class 9 | Class 9 | yo | -ayo | e- | -gi- | nayo | niyo |
| Class 10 | Class 10 | zo | -azo | zi- | -zi- | nazo | nizo |
| Class 11 | Class 11 | rwo | -arwo | ru- | -ru- | narwo | nurwo |
| Class 12 | Class 12 | ko | -ako | ka- | -ka- | nako | nuko |
| Class 13 | Class 13 | two | -atwo | tu- | -tu- | natwo | nutwo |
| Class 14 | Class 14 | bwo | -abwo | bu- | -bu- | nabwo | nubwo |
| Class 15 | Class 15 | kwo | -akwo | ku- | -ku- | nakwo | nukwo |
| Class 16 | Class 16 | ho | -aho | ha- | -ha- | naho | nuho |
| Class 17 | Class 17 | (kwo) | N/A | ha- (...-yo) | -ha- | N/A | nukwo |
| Class 18 | Class 18 | (mwo) | -amwo | ha- (...-mu) | -ha- | N/A | numwo |
| Reflexive | Reflexive | -enyini, -onyini | — | — | -e- | — | — |

### References

* Kaji, Shigeki (2007) A Rutooro Vocabulary‎, Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 413

## Tswana
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *bà-.

### Prefix

ba-
* Class 2 noun prefix.

## Xhosa
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* they; class 2 subject concord.
* them; class 2 object concord.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 2 possessive concord.

### Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 14 possessive concord.

## Zulu
### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *bà-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* Class 2 simple noun prefix.

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *bá-.

#### Prefix

bá-
* they; class 2 subject concord.
* them; class 2 object concord.

### Etymology 3

From Proto-Bantu *báá-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 2 possessive concord.

### Etymology 4

From Proto-Bantu *bʊ́á-.

#### Prefix

ba-
* of; class 14 possessive concord.