# gard
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɑː(ɹ)d/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)d
* Homophones: garde, guard

### Etymology 1

From Old English gard, northern variant of ġeard (whence yard).

#### Noun

gard (plural gards)
* (obsolete) A garden.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

gard (plural gards)
* Obsolete spelling of guard.

#### Verb

gard (third-person singular simple present gards, present participle garding, simple past and past participle garded)
* Obsolete spelling of guard.

### References

* “gard”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* Grad, darg, drag, grad

## Gothic
### Romanization

gard
* Romanization of 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳

## Kashubian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡart/
* Rhymes: -art
* Syllabification: gard

### Noun

gard m inan
* Obsolete form of gród.

### Further reading

* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “gród”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎

## Kholosi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian گرد (gard).

### Noun

gard ?
* dust

### References

* Eric Anonby, Hassan Mohebi Bahmani (2014) “Shipwrecked and Landlocked: Kholosi, an Indo-Aryan Language in South-west Iran”, in Cahier de Studia Iranica xx‎, pages 13-36

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old French guarde.

#### Noun

gard
* Alternative form of garde

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old Norse garðr.

#### Noun

gard
* Alternative form of garth

## Middle Welsh
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Norse garðr (“enclosed space, yard”), from Proto-Germanic *gardaz (“court, yard, enclosure”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰortós (“enclosure”), from *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”). Cognate with English yard, garden.

### Noun

garð f (garðeu)
* garden, enclosure

#### Descendants

* Welsh: gardd

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Middle Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gardd”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse garðr, from Proto-Germanic *gardaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos, from the root *gʰerdʰ- (“to enclose”).

### Noun

gard m (definite singular garden, indefinite plural garder, definite plural gardene)
* alternative form of gård

#### Derived terms

* gardbruker
* gardsarbeid
* prestegard

### References

* “gard” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Old Norse garðr, from Proto-Germanic *gardaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos, from the root *gʰerdʰ- (“to enclose”). Akin to English yard.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɑːr/, /ɡɑːɽ/
* (thick L) IPA: /ɡɑːɭ/ (see gal)

### Noun

gard m (definite singular garden, indefinite plural gardar, definite plural gardane)
* farm
* townhouse (often in the compound bygard)
* fence (often in the compounds skigard or steingard)
* courtyard

#### Derived terms

* gardbrukar
* gardsarbeid
* gardsarbeidar
* prestegard
* skigard
* skjergard
* steingard
* tanngard

### References

* “gard” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old Saxon
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *gard, from Proto-Germanic *gardaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos, from the root *gʰerdʰ- (“to enclose”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣɑrd/

### Noun

gard m
* an enclosed place
* yard, garden
* court
* region, land
* dwelling

#### Related terms

* gardo

#### Descendants

* Middle Low German: gart

## Romanian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- (“to enclose, to encircle”); possibly a substrate word from a Dacian *garda, akin to Albanian gardh (or borrowed from it), or more likely an early borrowing from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, perhaps predating the metathesis occurring in Slavic languages (however this is uncertain as other related terms such as grădină, ogradă, îngrădi had already undergone it when borrowed from Slavic). Other suggested possibilities include a link to Proto-Germanic *gardaz.
Other Indo-European cognates include Latin hortus, English garden, yard, gird, Sanskrit गृह (gṛha, “house, home”), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐍃 (gards), German Garten, Danish gård, Swedish gård and Norwegian gård or gard; garde, gjerde.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɡard]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

gard n (plural garduri)
* fence

#### See also

* îngrăditură f

#### References

* ↑ gard in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

## Volapük
### Noun

gard (nominative plural gards)
* guard

#### Declension

* $^1$ status as a case is disputed
* $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only