# cath
## English
### Etymology

Clippings.

### Noun

cath (plural caths)
* Clipping of cathode.
* (medicine) Clipping of catheter.
* (drug slang) Clipping of cathinone.
* Clipping of Catholic.

#### Derived terms

* angiocath
* vas cath

### Verb

cath (third-person singular simple present caths, present participle cathing, simple past and past participle cathed)
* (medicine, transitive) To catheterize; to fit (someone) with a catheter.
** 2004, Adrian Sandler, Living with Spina Bifida, page 160:At the spina bifida camp, we've had about twenty-five kids lining up outside the "Med Shed," needing to be cathed before breakfast.
** 2010, Judith Rogers, The Disabled Woman's Guide to Pregnancy and Birth:Unlike Sharon, Sherry Adele was able to return to self-cathing after delivery.

### Anagrams

* ACTH, CHAT, chat, tach

## Cornish
### Alternative forms

* kath

### Noun

cath f (plural cathas or cathes)
* (Standard Cornish, Standard Written Form) cat

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish cath, from Primitive Irish ᚉᚐᚈᚈᚒ (cattu), from Proto-Celtic *katus, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₃tus (“fight”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑ(h)/, /ka(h)/, (Cois Fharraige) [kaː]
* IPA: /ˈkɑhə/, /ˈkahə/, /ˈkæhə/ (as if spelled catha)

### Noun

cath m (genitive singular catha, nominative plural cathanna or catha)
* battle
    Ní hé lá an chatha lá an chnuasaithe. (proverb)A stitch in time saves nine.(literally, “The day of battle is not the day for gathering food.”)
** (literature) battle tale
* conflict, trial
* battalion

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
cath
cathanna
vocative
a chath
a chathanna
genitive
catha
cathanna
dative
cath
cathanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an cath
na cathanna
genitive
an chatha
na gcathanna
dative
leis an gcath don chath
leis na cathanna :

#### Derived terms

* blár catha
* bris an cath (“to break the ice”)
* bris cath ar arm (“to defeat an army in battle”)
* cath cúlchosanta (“rearguard battle”)
* cath farraige (“sea-battle”)
* cath fíochmhar (“fierce battle”)
* cath fuilteach (“bloody battle”)
* cath rua (“fierce, bloody, battle”)
* cathach (“battling, warlike”)
* cathaí (“battler, fighter”)
* cathaigh (“battle, fight; tempt”)
* céalmhaine chatha (“battle omen”)
* cliath catha (“rank of battle”)
* cliathán catha (“flank of battle”)
* coigeadal catha (“noise of battle”)
* coimhlint chatha (“battle rivalry”)
* cóiriú catha (“battle array; (story-telling) run”)
* comhla chatha (“mainstay in battle”)
* córacha catha (“‘runs’, flourishes, in story-telling”)
* cuinge catha (“champion in battle”)
* cuir cath ar choinlíní (“to tilt at windmills”)
* culaith chatha (“battle equipment”)
* cúrsóir catha (“battle-cruiser”)
* díomua catha
* éide chatha (“battle armour”)
* fód catha
* gáir chatha
* in ord catha (“in battle order”)
* ionad catha (“scene of battle”)
* leon catha (“warrior”)
* líne chatha (“line of battle”)
* líon catha (“battle strength”)
* liú catha (“battle-cry”)
* log catha (“site of battle”)
* machaire catha (“field of battle”)
* maidhm chatha (“defeat in battle, rout”)
* mana catha (“omen of battle”)
* meanma chatha (“presentiment of battle”)
* oiris chatha (“rendezvous of battle”)
* ré chatha (“battle-ground”)
* rosc catha (“battle-chant; war-cry”)
* sceimheal catha (“rampart of battle”)
* scís chatha (“battle-weariness”)
* taoiseach catha (“leader in battle”)
* tua chatha (“battle-axe”)
* tuairgní catha (“battle-smiter, warrior; leader in battle.”)
* ursain chatha (“prop of battle”)

#### Related terms

* cafarr

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 188, page 93
* ↑ Ó Sé, Diarmuid (2000) Gaeilge Chorca Dhuibhne [The Irish of Corkaguiny] (in Irish), Institiúid Teangeolaíochta Éireann [Linguistics Institute of Ireland], →ISBN, section 234, page 111
* ↑ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977) Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht [The Irish of Cois Fharraige: Accidence] (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], page 313
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 146
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 135, page 52
* ↑ Sommerfelt, Alf (1922) The Dialect of Torr, County Donegal, volume I: Phonology, Christiania [Oslo]: Videnskapsselskapet i Kristiania, section 27, page 12

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cath”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Primitive Irish ᚉᚐᚈᚈᚒ (cattu), from Proto-Celtic *katus, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₃tus (“fight”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaθ/

### Noun

cath m (genitive catho or catha)
* battle, fight
** c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 34$^a$20
    in chatho [translating proelii]of the battle
** c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 112$^a$5
    amal du·n‑em-side nech íarna chúl hi cathas he protects someone behind him in battle
** c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 44$^a$1
    fon chath [translating sub Marte]under the battle
* troop, battalion

#### Inflection

Masculine u-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | cath | cath$^L$ | cathae$^H$ |
| Vocative | cath | cath$^L$ | cathu |
| Accusative | cath$^N$ | cath$^L$ | cathu |
| Genitive | catho$^H$, catha$^H$ | catho$^L$, catha$^L$ | cathae$^N$ |
| Dative | cath$^L$ | cathaib | cathaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Derived terms

* cathach (“bellicose, warlike”)
* cathaige (“warrior”)
* cathaigid (“fight, give battle”)
* cathbarr
* cathḟeis

#### Descendants

* Irish: cath
* Manx: cah
* Scottish Gaelic: cath
* ⇒ Middle Irish: cathaigecht (“warfare”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish cath, from Primitive Irish ᚉᚐᚈᚈᚒ (cattu), from Proto-Celtic *katus, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₃tus (“fight”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kah/

### Noun

cath m (genitive singular catha, plural cathan)
* battle
    Synonym: blàr

#### Derived terms

* pic-catha

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “cath”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Welsh
### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *kaθ, from Proto-Celtic *kattā.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaːθ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aːθ

### Noun

cath f (plural cathod or cathau)
* cat
** wildcat
    Synonym: cath wyllt
* (nautical) cat-o'-nine-tails
* (games, with definite article as y gath) tipcat
    Synonym: pegi
** piece of wood used in this game

#### Derived terms

* cathbysgod (“catfish”)
* cathan, cath fach (“kitten”)
* cath wryw (“tom cat”)
* llygad cath (“cat's eye, retroreflector”)
* mintys y gath (“catmint, catnip”)
* morgath, cath fôr (“skate, ray”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cath”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies