OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# árás
## Icelandic
### Etymology

Compare ráðast á (“to attack”) and ráðast að (“to attack”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈauː.rauːs/

### Noun

árás f (genitive singular árásar, nominative plural árásir)
* attack, assault

#### Derived terms

* árásargirni (“aggressor”)
* árásargjarn (“aggressive”)
* árásarmaður (“attacker, assailant”)
* árásarvopn (“attack weapon”)
* hrinda árás (“to repel an attack”)
* loftárás (“airstrike”)
* sjálfsmorðsárás (“suicide attack”)
* sprengjuárás (“bomb attack”)
# lékárna
## Czech
### Etymology

From lék +‎ -árna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlɛːkaːrna]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aːrna

### Noun

lékárna f
* pharmacy, dispensary (place where prescription drugs are dispensed)
    Synonym: apatyka
* first aid kit
    Synonym: lékárnička

#### Related terms

* lékárenský
* lékárenství
* lékárnička
* lékárník

### Further reading

* “lékárna”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “lékárna”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “lékárna”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# sitiar
## Catalan
### Etymology

From Latin situāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [si.tiˈa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [si.tiˈaɾ]

### Verb

sitiar (first-person singular present sitio, first-person singular preterite sitií, past participle sitiat)
* (archaic) to situate
* to besiege
    Synonym: assetjar

#### Related terms

* siti
* situar

### Further reading

* “sitiar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Latin
### Verb

sitiar
* first-person singular future passive indicative of sitiō

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From sítio +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /si.t͡ʃiˈa(ʁ)/ [si.t͡ʃɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /siˈt͡ʃja(ʁ)/ [siˈt͡ʃja(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /si.t͡ʃiˈa(ʁ)/ [si.t͡ʃɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /siˈt͡ʃja(ʁ)/ [siˈt͡ʃja(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /si.t͡ʃiˈa(ɾ)/ [si.t͡ʃɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /siˈt͡ʃja(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /si.t͡ʃiˈa(ʁ)/ [si.t͡ʃɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /siˈt͡ʃja(ʁ)/ [siˈt͡ʃja(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /si.t͡ʃiˈa(ɻ)/ [si.t͡ʃɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /siˈt͡ʃja(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /siˈtjaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /siˈtjaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /siˈtja.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: si‧ti‧ar

### Verb

sitiar (first-person singular present sitio, first-person singular preterite sitiei, past participle sitiado)
* (transitive) to besiege (to surround with troops)
    Synonyms: cercar, assediar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Related terms

* sítio

## Spanish
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Late Latin situāre, perhaps by way of Occitan, with the ending influenced by the synonymous asediar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /siˈtjaɾ/ [siˈt̪jaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: si‧tiar

### Verb

sitiar (first-person singular present sitio, first-person singular preterite sitié, past participle sitiado)
* (transitive) to besiege
    Synonym: asediar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* sitiador

### Further reading

* “sitiar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# коремен
## Bulgarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [koˈrɛmɛn]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

коре́мен • (korémen)
* abdominal
    Synonym: абдомина́лен (abdominálen)
* (informal) gastric
    Synonym: стома́шен (stomášen)

#### Related terms

* коре́м (korém)
* коре́мест (korémest)
# sadist
## English
### Etymology

From the name of the Marquis de Sade; see sadism.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈseɪdɪst/, /ˈsædɪst/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪdɪst, -ædɪst

### Noun

sadist (plural sadists)
* One who derives pleasure through cruelty or pain to others.

#### Derived terms

* sadistic

#### Related terms

* sadism
* sadomasochist

#### Translations
### See also

* masochist, mysoped

### Anagrams

* Adsits, saidst, tsadis

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sadist/, [saˈd̥isd̥]

### Noun

sadist c (singular definite sadisten, plural indefinite sadister)
* sadist

#### Antonyms

* masochist

#### Related terms

* sadisme
* sadistisk

#### Further reading

* sadist on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{da}$

## Dutch
### Etymology

From sadisme +‎ -ist.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /saːˈdɪst/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: sa‧dist
* Rhymes: -ɪst

### Noun

sadist m (plural sadisten, diminutive sadistje n, feminine sadiste)
* sadist

#### Related terms

* sadisme
* sadistisch

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: sadis

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* sàdista (Bosnia, Serbia)

### Etymology

From Sade.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sǎdist/
* Hyphenation: sa‧dist

### Noun

sàdist m (Cyrillic spelling са̀дист)
* sadist

#### Declension
### References

* “sadist”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Swedish
### Noun

sadist c
* a sadist

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | sadist | sadists |
| singular | definite | sadisten | sadistens |
| plural | indefinite | sadister | sadisters |
| plural | definite | sadisterna | sadisternas |

#### Related terms

* sadism (“sadism”)
* sadistisk (“sadistic”)

#### See also

* masochist (“masochist”)
* sadomasochist (“sadomasochist”)

### References

* sadist in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* sadist in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Fula Ordboken
# txën
## Unami
### Etymology

From tx- (“so many, so much, a certain number”) +‎ -n (inanimate) (inanimate final with a number signifies that amount of times).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [txən]

### Particle

txën
* times, occurrences, so many times (with numeral)
    pèshkunk txën alëmuxwe.he began to walk nine times.

#### Related terms

* kwëtash txën
* kwëtën
* naxën
* newën
* nishash txën
* nishën
* palenàxk txën
* pèshkunk txën
* tèlën txën
* xash txën

### References

* Rementer, Jim with Pearson, Bruce L. (2005) “txën”, in Leneaux, Grant, Whritenour, Raymond, editors, The Lenape Talking Dictionary, The Lenape Language Preservation Project
# synaptogenesis
## English
### Etymology

From synapto- +‎ -genesis.

### Noun

synaptogenesis (uncountable)
* (biology) The process leading to the formation of synapses

#### Derived terms

* neosynaptogenesis
# 有影
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yû-yáng
    (Hailu, HRS): rhiu$^ˋ$ rhang$^ˊ$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ū-iáⁿ / ǔ-iáⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): u$^6$ ian$^2$
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû-yáng
*** Hakka Romanization System: iu$^ˊ$ iang$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yiu$^1$ yang$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯u²⁴ i̯aŋ³¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yû-yáng
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu$^ˊ$ (r)iang$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yiu$^1$ yang$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u²⁴ (j)i̯aŋ³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhiu$^ˋ$ rhang$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒiu⁵³ ʒaŋ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ū-iáⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: ū-iánn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ux'viar
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /u²²⁻²¹ iã⁵³/
*** IPA (Singapore): /u²²⁻²¹ iã⁴²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /u³³⁻²¹ iã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /u³³⁻¹¹ iã⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ǔ-iáⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: ǔ-iánn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /u²² iã⁵⁵⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: u$^6$ ian$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ŭ iáⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /u³⁵⁻¹¹ ĩã⁵²/

### Adjective

有影
* (Hakka, Southern Min) real
    有影無？／有影无？ [Hokkien] ― Ū-iáⁿ--bô? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Really? / Are you serious?
** 19??, “〈逆子賢媳〉”, in 《潮州戲曲選集》, page 9:
       u$^6$ ian$^2$. du$^2$ du$^2$ si$^2$ ke$^3$. [Peng'im]
       It's true, [she] has just died.

#### Antonyms

* 無影／无影

### Further reading

* “Entry #2567”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
# terveyttää
## Finnish
### Etymology

terve +‎ -yttää

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈterʋeytːæːˣ/, [ˈt̪e̞rʋe̞ˌyt̪ːæː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ytːæː
* Hyphenation: ter‧ve‧yt‧tää

### Verb

terveyttää
* (transitive) to cure, to heal

#### Derived terms

* terveyttäminen
* terveytys

### Further reading

* “terveyttää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* vetreyttää
# sobornar
## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* subornar (obsolete)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin subōrnāre and perhaps adapted to the native prefix so-. Cognate with English suborn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /soboɾˈnaɾ/ [so.β̞oɾˈnaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: so‧bor‧nar

### Verb

sobornar (first-person singular present soborno, first-person singular preterite soborné, past participle sobornado)
* (transitive) to bribe
    Synonym: cohechar
** 2015 July 13, “Así fue la primera fuga de 'El Chapo'”, in El País‎:El 19 de enero de 2001, el capo mexicano del cartel de Sinaloa escapó de otro fortín, el Puente Grande, oculto en el carro de la ropa sucia y acompañado por funcionarios sobornados que empujaron el carrito hasta el garaje de la prisión.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (formal) to suborn

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* soborno

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1985) “ornar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume IV (Me–Re), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 302

### Further reading

* “sobornar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# chorale
## English
### Etymology

From German Choral.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔːˈɹɑːl/
* Rhymes: -ɑːl

### Noun

chorale (plural chorales)
* (Christianity) A form of Lutheran or Protestant hymn tune.
* (music, religion) A chorus or choir.

#### Derived terms

* choralelike
* choralist

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### See also

* choral

### Anagrams

* Laroche, achelor, cholera, choreal

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔ.ʁal/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: cho‧rale

### Adjective

chorale
* feminine singular of choral

### Noun

chorale f (plural chorales)
* (singing) chorus (group of people in a play or performance who recite together), a choir

### Further reading

* “chorale”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* choléra
# dovolit
## Czech
### Etymology

From do- +‎ volit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdovolɪt]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

dovolit pf (imperfective dovolovat)
* (transitive) to allow, to permit
    No dovol. ― Well excuse me!
* (reflexive with si) to afford
    Tak drahé auto si nemůžeme dovolit. ― We cannot afford to buy such an expensive car.
* (reflexive with si) to be impudent
    Co si to dovolujete? ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (reflexive with si) to take the liberty

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | dovolit, dovoliti | Active adjective | dovolivší |
| Verbal noun | dovolení | Passive adjective | dovolený |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | dovolím | dovolíme | — | dovolme |
| 2nd person | dovolíš | dovolíte | dovol | dovolte |
| 3rd person | dovolí | dovolí | — | — |
* The verb dovolit does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | dovolil | dovolili | dovolen | dovoleni |
| masculine inanimate | dovolil | dovolily | dovolen | dovoleny |
| feminine | dovolila | dovolily | dovolena | dovoleny |
| neuter | dovolilo | dovolila | dovoleno | dovolena |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | — | dovoliv |
| feminine + neuter singular | — | dovolivši |
| plural | — | dovolivše |

#### Antonyms

* zakázat

#### Derived terms

* dovolená f
* dovolení n

### Further reading

* “dovoliti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “dovoliti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “dovolit”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# otomat
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch automaat, from French automate, from Ancient Greek αὐτόματον (autómaton), neuter of αὐτόματος (autómatos, “self moving, self willed”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɔto.mat]
* Hyphenation: oto‧mat

### Noun

otomat
* a machine that performs automated tasks
* an automaton

#### Related terms

* otomatis
* otomatisasi

### Further reading

* “otomat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French automate.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /o.to.ˈmat/
* Hyphenation: o‧to‧mat

### Noun

otomat (definite accusative otomatı, plural otomatlar)
* vending machine
# coagulative
## English
### Etymology

From coagulate +‎ -ive.

### Adjective

coagulative (comparative more coagulative, superlative most coagulative)
* Having the power to cause coagulation
    a coagulative agent
** 1997 October 31, Chris Paszty et al., “Transgenic Knockout Mice with Exclusively Human Sickle Hemoglobin and Sickle Cell Disease”, in Science‎, volume 278, number 5339, →DOI, pages 876–878:( F ) Higher magnification showing coagulative necrosis with loss of nuclear detail in hepatocytes.

#### Derived terms

* anticoagulative
* electrocoagulative
* haemocoagulative
* hemocoagulative
* hypercoagulative
* hypocoagulative
* photocoagulative
* procoagulative

### References

“coagulative”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

## Italian
### Adjective

coagulative
* feminine plural of coagulativo

### Anagrams

* coagulatevi
# zdroj
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from Polish zdrój in the 18 century, from Proto-Slavic *jьzrojь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzdroj]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

zdroj m inan
* source
* resource
* feed (internet)

#### Derived terms

* obnovitelný zdroj m
* přírodní zdroj m
* webový zdroj m

### References

* ↑ Václav Machek (1968) “zdroj”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia, page 713

### Further reading

* “zdroj”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “zdroj”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “zdroj”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# hřešit
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech hřěšiti, from Proto-Slavic *grěšiti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦr̝ɛʃɪt]
* Rhymes: -ɛʃɪt
* Hyphenation: hře‧šit

### Verb

hřešit impf (perfective zhřešit)
* to sin

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | hřešit, hřešiti | Active adjective | hřešící |
| Verbal noun | hřešení | Passive adjective | — |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | hřeším | hřešíme | — | hřešme |
| 2nd person | hřešíš | hřešíte | hřeš | hřešte |
| 3rd person | hřeší | hřeší | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive hřešit.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | hřešil | hřešili | — | — |
| masculine inanimate | hřešil | hřešily | — | — |
| feminine | hřešila | hřešily | — | — |
| neuter | hřešilo | hřešila | hřešeno | — |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | hřeše | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | hřešíc | — |
| plural | hřešíce | — |

#### Derived terms

* zhřešit

#### Related terms

* hřích m
* hříšník m

### Further reading

* “hřešiti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “hřešiti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “hřešit”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# cumpleaños
## Asturian
### Noun

cumpleaños m (plural cumpleaños)
* birthday

## Spanish
### Etymology

Verb-object compound, composed of cumple (“to complete”) +‎ años (“years”), literally “years-completer”; an event celebrating the completion of a number of years of one’s life.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kumpleˈaɲos/ [kũm.pleˈa.ɲos]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɲos
* Syllabification: cum‧ple‧a‧ños

### Noun

cumpleaños m (plural cumpleaños)
* birthday
    Synonym: (colloquial) cumple
    Hoy es mi cumpleaños.Today is my birthday.

#### Derived terms

* cumpleañero m
* feliz cumpleaños
* fiesta de cumpleaños
* pastel de cumpleaños
* tarta de cumpleaños
* torta de cumpleaños

#### Descendants

* → Italian: compleanno (partial calque)

#### See also

* fecha de nacimiento f

### Further reading

* “cumpleaños”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# электромагнит
## Russian
### Etymology

From электро- (elektro-) +‎ магни́т (magnít).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɪˌlʲektrəmɐɡˈnʲit]

### Noun

электромагни́т • (elektromagnít) m inan (genitive электромагни́та, nominative plural электромагни́ты, genitive plural электромагни́тов)
* electromagnet

#### Related terms

* электромагнетизм (elektromagnetizm)
* электромагни́тный (elektromagnítnyj)
# abstracto
## Aragonese

* This section or entry lacks references or sources. Please help verify this information by adding appropriate citations. You can also discuss it at the Tea Room.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /absˈtɾaɡto/
* Rhymes: -aɡto
* Syllabification: abs‧trac‧to

### Adjective

abstracto (feminine abstracta, masculine plural abstractos, feminine plural abstractas)
* Alternative form of abstrauto (“abstract”)

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* abstrato (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin abstractus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /absˈtɾakto/ [aβ̞s̺ˈt̪ɾɑk.t̪ʊ]
* Rhymes: -akto
* Hyphenation: abs‧trac‧to

### Adjective

abstracto (feminine abstracta, masculine plural abstractos, feminine plural abstractas)
* abstract (considered apart from any application to a particular object)
    Antonym: concreto
* (art) abstract (free from representational qualities)

#### Derived terms

* abstractamente

#### Related terms

* abstracción
* abstractivo
* abstraer

### Further reading

* “abstracto”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Latin
### Participle

abstractō
* dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of abstractus

## Portuguese
### Adjective

abstracto (feminine abstracta, masculine plural abstractos, feminine plural abstractas)
* Pre-reform spelling (used until 1943 in Brazil and 1990 in Portugal) of abstrato. Still used in countries where the agreement hasn't come into effect; may occur as a sporadic misspelling.

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin abstractus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /absˈtɾaɡto/ [aβ̞sˈt̪ɾaɣ̞.t̪o]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɡto
* Syllabification: abs‧trac‧to

### Adjective

abstracto (feminine abstracta, masculine plural abstractos, feminine plural abstractas)
* abstract (considered apart from any application to a particular object)
    Antonym: concreto
* (art) abstract (free from representational qualities)

#### Derived terms

* abstractamente
* álgebra abstracta
* arte abstracto
* en abstracto
* nombre abstracto
* número abstracto
* sustantivo abstracto

#### Related terms

* abstracción
* abstractivo
* abstraer

### Further reading

* “abstracto”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# esophagoscopy
## English
### Etymology

From esophago- +‎ -scopy.

### Noun

esophagoscopy (plural esophagoscopies)
* (American spelling, medicine) Diagnostic inspection of the interior of the esophagus.

#### Alternative forms

* oesophagoscopy

#### Derived terms

* bronchoesophagoscopy
# φθινόπωρον
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From φθῐ́ν(ω) (phthĭ́n(ō), “decay, to be reduced”) + ὀπώρ(α) f (opṓr(a), “last part of summer; fruit”) + -ον n (-on).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʰtʰi.nó.pɔː.ron/ → /ɸθiˈno.po.ron/ → /fθiˈno.po.ron/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pʰtʰi.nó.pɔː.ron/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /pʰtʰiˈno.po.ron/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ɸθiˈno.po.ron/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /fθiˈno.po.ron/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /fθiˈno.po.ron/

### Noun

φθινόπωρον • (phthinópōron) n (genitive φθῐνοπώρου); second declension
* autumn
    Synonyms: μετόπωρον (metópōron), μεθόπωρον (methópōron), φθῐνομετόπωρον (phthĭnometópōron)
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.42
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.117
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.31.1
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.18.3
** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.100.2

#### Derived terms

* φθινομετόπωρον (phthinometópōron)
* φθινοπωρικός (phthinopōrikós)
* φθινοπωρινός (phthinopōrinós)
* φθινοπωρίς (phthinopōrís)
* φθινοπωρισμός (phthinopōrismós)

#### Related terms

* see: φθίνω (phthínō) and ὀπώρα (opṓra)

#### Descendants

* → Greek: φθινόπωρο (fthinóporo) (learned)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φθίνω (> COMP > φθινόπωρον)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1570-1
* ↑ φθινόπωρο - Babiniotis, Georgios (2010) Ετυμολογικό λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας Etymologikó lexikó tis néas ellinikís glóssas [Etymological Dictionary of Modern Greek language] (in Greek), Athens: Lexicology Centre

### Further reading

* “φθινόπωρον”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
* “φθινόπωρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “φθινόπωρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* φθινόπωρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette