OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# misgeneralise
## English
### Etymology

From mis- +‎ generalise.

### Verb

misgeneralise (third-person singular simple present misgeneralises, present participle misgeneralising, simple past and past participle misgeneralised)
* Alternative form of misgeneralize
** 1989, Hendrik J. Boom, Claus Bendix Nielsen, Andrew D. McGettrick, Peter D. Mosses, Charles Rattray, Robert D. Tennent, David A. Watt, “A view of formal semantics”, in Computer standards & Interfaces, volume 9, number 1:Informal techniques, if properly written, can be quite readable and comprehensible; unfortunately, it is easy to leave unsaid details that must be specified, or to misgeneralise and produce inconsistencies.
** 2006, Jaume Solà, Anna Gavarró, Subextraction in Romance interrogatives:If presence of de in nominal dislocates is indeed evidence of previous split Case licensing, the child will be led to assume its presence in the target language and may possibly misgeneralise it to other cases.
# dziennikarz
## Polish
### Etymology

From dziennik +‎ -arz. Calque of French journaliste.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʑɛnˈɲi.kaʂ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ikaʂ
* Syllabification: dzien‧ni‧karz

### Noun

dziennikarz m pers (female equivalent dziennikarka, augmentative dziennikarzyna)
* (journalism) journalist (reporter)
    Synonym: żurnalista

#### Derived terms

* dziennikarski
* dziennikarstwo

#### Related terms

* dziennikarsko

### Further reading

* dziennikarz in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* dziennikarz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# kollektivoida
## Finnish
### Etymology

Internationalism (see English collectivize). Adapted with the verbal suffix +‎ -oida.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkolːektiʋoi̯dɑˣ/, [ˈko̞lːe̞kˌt̪iʋo̞i̯dɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -oidɑ
* Hyphenation: kol‧lek‧ti‧voi‧da

### Verb

kollektivoida
* To collectivize.

#### Synonyms

* kollektivisoida

#### Derived terms

* kollektivointi

### Further reading

* “kollektivoida”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# ferrumbri
## Fala
### Alternative forms

* ferrumi

### Etymology

From Latin ferrumen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /feˈrumbɾi/
* Rhymes: -umbɾi
* Syllabification: fe‧rrum‧bri

### Noun

ferrumbri m (plural ferrumbris)
* (Valverdeñu) rust
    Synonyms: firruixhi (Lagarteiru), furruxhi (Mañegu)

#### Derived terms

* ferrumbrosu (“rusty”)

### References

* Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN
# Sudety
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsudɛtɪ]

### Proper noun

Sudety m inan pl or f pl (relational adjective sudetský)
* Sudeten (mountain range)
* Sudetenland

#### Declension

when masculine inanimate:
when feminine:

#### Synonyms

* Krkonošsko-jesenická subprovincie, Krkonošsko-jesenická soustava, Sudetská soustava
* Sudetsko, pohraniční území, pohraničí Česka

### Further reading

* “Sudety”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “Sudety”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /suˈdɛ.tɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛtɘ
* Syllabification: Su‧de‧ty

### Proper noun

Sudety pl
* Sudeten

#### Derived terms

* sudecki

### Further reading

* Sudety in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsuɟeti]

### Proper noun

Sudety f pl (genitive singular Sudet, declension pattern of žena)
* Sudeten
* Sudetenland

#### Synonyms

* Krkonošsko-jesenická subprovincia, Krkonošsko-jesenická sústava, Sudetská sústava
* pohraničné územie, pohraničie Česka

#### Derived terms

* sudetský

### Further reading

* “Sudety”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# segol
## English

Nikud :
* ְ
* ֱ
* ֲ
* ֳ
* ִ
* ֵ
* ֶ
* ַ
* ָ
* ֹ
* ֻ
* ּ
* ֿ
* ׁ
* ׂ

### Alternative forms

* seghol

### Etymology

Borrowed from Hebrew סֶגּוֹל m (segól).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /seɪˈɡoʊl/, /sɛɡˈoʊl/

### Noun

segol (plural segols)
* A Hebrew niqqud diacritical mark (ִ◌ֶ) in the form of three dots arranged as an upside-down triangle, pronounced in Modern Hebrew as /e/.

#### Derived terms

* segolate

#### Further reading

* segol on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* goels, LEGOs, Goels, goles, legos, Ogles, Legos, glose, ogles, loges
# antiterrorista
## Galician
### Etymology

From anti- +‎ terrorista.

### Adjective

antiterrorista m or f (plural antiterroristas)
* antiterrorist, counterterrorist

#### Related terms

* antiterrorismo

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From anti- +‎ terrorista.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˌɐ̃.t͡ʃi.te.ʁoˈɾis.tɐ/ [ˌɐ̃.t͡ʃi.te.hoˈɾis.tɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˌɐ̃.t͡ʃi.te.ʁoˈɾis.tɐ/ [ˌɐ̃.t͡ʃi.te.hoˈɾis.tɐ]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˌɐ̃.t͡ʃi.te.ʁoˈɾiʃ.tɐ/ [ˌɐ̃.t͡ʃi.te.χoˈɾiʃ.tɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˌɐ̃.t͡ʃi.te.ʁoˈɾis.ta/ [ˌɐ̃.t͡ʃi.te.hoˈɾis.ta]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˌɐ̃.ti.tɨ.ʁuˈɾiʃ.tɐ/

### Adjective

antiterrorista m or f (plural antiterroristas)
* antiterrorist, counterterrorist (counteracting terrorism)
    Synonym: contraterrorista

#### Related terms

* antiterrorismo

## Spanish
### Etymology

From anti- +‎ terrorista.

### Adjective

antiterrorista m or f (masculine and feminine plural antiterroristas)
* antiterrorist, counterterrorist
    Synonym: contraterrorista

#### Related terms

* antiterrorismo

### Further reading

* “antiterrorista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# espartilho
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From esparto +‎ -ilho.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /is.paʁˈt͡ʃi.ʎu/ [is.pahˈt͡ʃi.ʎu], /es.paʁˈt͡ʃi.ʎu/ [es.pahˈt͡ʃi.ʎu]
* (Brazil) IPA: /is.paʁˈt͡ʃi.ʎu/ [is.pahˈt͡ʃi.ʎu], /es.paʁˈt͡ʃi.ʎu/ [es.pahˈt͡ʃi.ʎu]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /is.paɾˈt͡ʃi.ʎu/, /es.paɾˈt͡ʃi.ʎu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃ.paʁˈt͡ʃi.ʎu/ [iʃ.paχˈt͡ʃi.ʎu], /eʃ.paʁˈt͡ʃi.ʎu/ [eʃ.paχˈt͡ʃi.ʎu]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /es.paɻˈt͡ʃi.ʎo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.pɐɾˈti.ʎu/
* Rhymes: -iʎu
* Hyphenation: es‧par‧ti‧lho

### Noun

espartilho m (plural espartilhos)
* corset (woman’s garment that supports the waistline, hips and bust)
    Synonym: corset

#### Derived terms

* espartilhar

### Further reading

* “espartilho”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# drying racks
## English
### Noun

drying racks
* plural of drying rack
# despise
## English
### Alternative forms

* dispise (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English despisen, from Old French despis-, stem of despire, from Latin dēspicere (“to look down upon, despise, scorn”), from dē (“down”) + speciō (“I look at”). Displaced native Old English forsēon.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɪˈspaɪz/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɪz

### Verb

despise (third-person singular simple present despises, present participle despising, simple past and past participle despised)
* To regard with contempt or scorn.
    Synonyms: contemn, disdain, scorn; see also Thesaurus:despise
    Antonyms: admire, cherish, honor, respect, treasure; see also Thesaurus:despise
    Hypernyms: look down on, deprecate
    Near-synonym: hate
    James still despises his brother for the time he pushed him out of a tree during their childhood.
* To disregard or ignore.

#### Derived terms

* despicable
* despisal
* despisement
* despiser
* despiseworthy
* despisingly
* despisingness
* undespising

#### Related terms

* despect
* despection

#### Translations
### See also

* vilipend

### Further reading

* “despise”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “despise”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* pedesis
# carinderia
## English
### Alternative forms

* carenderia
* calenderia (archaic)

### Etymology

From Philippine Spanish carindería, where the root, Spanish carí, itself is from Tagalog kari (“curry”). Compare Tagalog karinderya.

### Noun

carinderia (plural carinderias)
* (Philippines) A small restaurant or canteen or eatery that serves local (usually Filipino) food

#### Derived terms

* carindery (slang)

### References

* ↑ Lim, Lisa (2018 October 28) “New Philippine English words in Oxford English dictionary give us food for thought”, in Language Matters ~South China Morning Post Magazine‎

### Anagrams

* irradiance
# gotten a wriggle on
## English
### Verb

gotten a wriggle on
* past participle of get a wriggle on
# Kielce
## English
### Proper noun

Kielce
* A city in central Poland, the capital of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Leckie

## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkjɛl.t͡sɛ/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛlt͡sɛ
* Syllabification: Kiel‧ce

### Proper noun

Kielce nvir pl (related adjective kielecki, demonym kielczanin, female demonym kielczanka)
* Kielce (the capital and largest city of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland)

#### Derived terms

* Kielczanin
* Kielczanka
* Kielecczyzna
* Kieleckie

### Further reading

* Kielce in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* Kielce in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Kielce in PWN's encyclopedia
# sangrientamente
## Spanish
### Etymology

From sangriento +‎ -mente.

### Adverb

sangrientamente
* bloodily, cruelly

#### Related terms

* sangrar
* sangre
* sangría
* sangriento

### Further reading

* “sangrientamente”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# bulteriér
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from English bull terrier.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbultɛrɪjɛːr]
* Rhymes: -ɪjɛːr
* Hyphenation: bul‧te‧riér

### Noun

bulteriér m anim (female equivalent bulteriérka)
* bull terrier

#### Derived terms

* stafordšírský bulteriér

#### Related terms

* teriér m anim

### Further reading

* “bulteriér” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “bulteriér”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# sows dragon's teeth
## English
### Verb

sows dragon's teeth
* third-person singular simple present indicative of sow dragon's teeth
# escaso
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* escasso (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese escasso, perhaps from Vulgar Latin *excarsus, for excerptus, from Latin excerpō. Cognate with Portuguese escasso, Spanish escaso, English scarce.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /esˈkaso/ [es̺ˈkɑ.s̺ʊ]
* Rhymes: -aso
* Hyphenation: es‧ca‧so

### Adjective

escaso (feminine escasa, masculine plural escasos, feminine plural escasas)
* scarce, rare
* sparse, scanty
* foolish, injudicious
* niggardly, miserly
** 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 227:quen foy couardo ou quen ardido, ou foy mao ou bõo, ou quen foy uilão ou paação, ou feo ou aposto, ou arrizado ou flaco, ou barnesco ou escasso, ou mãsso ou sañudowho was coward or who was hardy, or who was bad or good, or who was villein or palatial, or ugly or handsome, or vigorous or feeble, or generous or niggardly, or gentle or wicked

#### Derived terms

* escasamente
* escaseza

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “escasso”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “escas”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “escaso”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “escaso”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “escaso”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *escarpsus, from Late Latin excarpsus (“rare”), from *excarpere (“pluck out”), from classical Latin excerpere. Related to English scarce.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /esˈkaso/ [esˈka.so]
* Rhymes: -aso
* Syllabification: es‧ca‧so

### Adjective

escaso (feminine escasa, masculine plural escasos, feminine plural escasas)
* scarce, limited, scant, meager, meagre, skimpy, rare, insufficient, slight, slim
* low, little, small, poor, weak (in quantity, degree, size, rate or estimate)
* sparse, scanty, thin

#### Derived terms

* escaso margen (“narrow margin, little room”)

#### Derived terms

* escasear

#### Related terms

* escasez

### Further reading

* “escaso”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# kommunikoida
## Finnish
### Etymology

Latin commūnicō +‎ -oida

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkomːunikoi̯dɑˣ/, [ˈko̞mːuˌniko̞i̯dɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -oidɑ
* Hyphenation: kom‧mu‧ni‧koi‧da

### Verb

kommunikoida
* to communicate

#### Synonyms

* viestiä

#### Derived terms

* kommunikoiminen
* kommunikointi

### Further reading

* “kommunikoida”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# ayos
## Asturian
### Noun

ayos
* plural of ayu

## Spanish
### Noun

ayos m pl
* plural of ayo

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *áyus (“to arrange, make something neat or proper”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog)
** IPA: /ˈʔajos/ [ˈʔaː.jos] (“order; condition; position; form, appearance”, noun; “OK; proper; correct; presentable”, adjective; “great!”, interjection)
*** Rhymes: -ajos
** IPA: /ʔaˈjos/ [ʔɐˈjos] (“in order; dressed up; prepared; settled”, adjective)
*** Rhymes: -os
* Syllabification: a‧yos

### Noun

ayos (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜌᜓᜐ᜔)
* order; arrangement
    Antonym: gulo
* condition; situation
* position; placement
* form; appearance
* settlement (as of a dispute)

#### Derived terms

* ayusin
* iayos
* ipaayos
* isaayos
* kaayusan
* kawalang-ayos
* maayos
* mag-ayos
* magsaayos
* makipag-ayos
* mapag-ayos
* pag-aayos
* pagkakaayos
* pagkakapag-ayos
* umayos

### Adjective

ayos (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜌᜓᜐ᜔)
* (colloquial) alright; OK
* proper; fit suitable
* right; correct
* presentable; fit to be seen

#### Alternative forms

* ays — contraction, colloquial

#### See also

* ayos ka lang ba

### Interjection

ayos (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜌᜓᜐ᜔)
* (colloquial) expression of gladness and content about something: great!; alright!
    Ang ganda ng pagkakapinta mo! Ayos!The way you paint is good! Great!

#### See also

* okey

### Adjective

ayós (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜌᜓᜐ᜔)
* in order; put in order
* dressed up
* finished; prepared
* settled; decided (amicably)

### Further reading

* “ayos”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*áyus”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

### Anagrams

* saoy
# häilähtää
## Finnish
### Etymology

häilyä +‎ -ähtää

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhæi̯læhtæːˣ/, [ˈhæi̯læht̪æː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -æilæhtæː
* Hyphenation: häi‧läh‧tää

### Verb

häilähtää
* (intransitive) to momentarily reflect or project

#### Derived terms

* häilähdellä

### Further reading

* “häilähtää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# oprysk
## Polish
### Etymology

Deverbal from opryskać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔ.prɘsk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔprɘsk
* Syllabification: o‧prysk

### Noun

oprysk m inan
* (agriculture) spraying (plants with a liquid chemical)

#### Derived terms

* opryskowy

#### Related terms

* opryskiwacz
* opryskać
* opryskiwać

### Further reading

* oprysk in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# erdelteriér
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Airedale Terrier.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛrdɛltɛrɪjɛːr]
* Rhymes: -ɪjɛːr
* Hyphenation: er‧del‧te‧riér

### Noun

erdelteriér m anim (female equivalent erdelteriérka)
* Airedale Terrier

#### Related terms

* teriér m anim

### Further reading

* “erdelteriér”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “erdelteriér”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# tevzi
## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish توزیع (tevzî'), from Arabic تَوْزِيع (tawzīʕ).

### Noun

tevzi (definite accusative tevzini, plural tevziler)
* delivery
* distribution, allocation
* catering

#### Derived terms

* tevzi etmek

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tevzi”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# parra
## Afrikaans
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

parra (plural parras, diminutive parratjie)
* (colloquial) Alternative form of padda
* (crude, slang) vagina; female genitalia

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Portuguese parar (“to halt, to stop”).

#### Verb

parra (present parra, present participle parraende, past participle geparra)
* (fishing) to stop a fishing boat and wait; to keep a boat in a certain position
* (fishing, imperative) row slower

## Basque
### Noun

parra inan
* Nonstandard form of barre.

## Catalan
### Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Gothic *𐍀𐌰𐍂𐍂𐌰 (*parra), *𐍀𐌰𐍂𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍃 (*parrans, “trellis; fencing”) or from a pre-Indo-European root of similar meaning.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈpa.rə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈpa.ra]

### Noun

parra f (plural parres)
* trellised vine
* grapevine
    Synonym: vinya

#### Derived terms

* parral
* parrús
* parrella, barrella

### Further reading

* “parra” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Cypriot Arabic

* Root
* p-r-r
* 3 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic بَرًّا (barran).

### Adverb

parra
* outside

### Noun

parra f
* forest
* outside

### References

* Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 154

## Latin
### Etymology

From Proto-Italic *parezā, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *spḗr (“sparrow, bird”). Cognate with English sparrow.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpar.ra/, [ˈpärːä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpar.ra/, [ˈpärːä]

### Noun

parra f (genitive parrae); first declension
* A bird of ill omen; perhaps the barn owl

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

### References

* “parra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* parra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Medieval Latin parricus (“enclosure, fence”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈpa.ʁɐ/ [ˈpa.hɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈpa.ʁɐ/ [ˈpa.hɐ]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈpa.ʁɐ/ [ˈpa.χɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈpa.ʁa/ [ˈpa.ha]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈpa.ʁɐ/
* Hyphenation: par‧ra

### Noun

parra f (plural parras)
* shoot or stem of a vine with leaves
    Synonym: pâmpano
* excessive pride, bragging
    Synonym: bazófia

#### Derived terms

* parrudo

## Spanish
### Etymology

Possibly from Gothic *𐍀𐌰𐍂𐍂𐌰 (*parra), *𐍀𐌰𐍂𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍃 (*parrans, “trellis; fencing”). Cf. Medieval Latin parricus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpara/ [ˈpa.ra]
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: pa‧rra

### Noun

parra f (plural parras)
* grapevine (the plant on which grapes grow)
    Synonym: vid

#### Derived terms

* hoja de parra
* parra virgen
* parrilla

#### Related terms

* parral

### Further reading

* “parra”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# benzyna
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French benzine, from German Benzin. Coined by Eilhardt Mitscherlich in 1833.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛnˈzɘ.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘna
* Syllabification: ben‧zy‧na

### Noun

benzyna f
* petrol, gasoline
    Hypernyms: paliwo, rozpuszczalnik
    benzyna etylizowana ― ethyl gasoline/petrol
    benzyna niskooktanowa ― low-octane gasoline/petrol
    benzyna wysokooktanowa ― high-octane gasoline/petrol
    benzyna bezołowiowa ― unleaded gasoline/petrol
    benzyna z dodatkiem/z domieszką (czegoś) ― gasoline/petrol with an additive
    bak z benzyną ― a tankfull of gasoline/petrol
    dolewać/dolać benzyny ― to top up with gasoline/petrol
    nalewać/nalać benzyny ― to pour gasoline/petrol
    spalać/spalić benzynę ― to burn gasoline/petrol
    tankować/zatankować benzynę ― to tank up on gasoline/petrol
    wlewać/wlać benzynę do samochodu ― to pour gasoline/petrol into a car

#### Derived terms

* benzynowy
* benzynożerny
* benzyniak
* benzyniarz
* benzynomierz
* benzynowiec
* benzynówka
* stacja benzynowa

### References

* ↑ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “benzyna”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN

### Further reading

* benzyna in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* benzyna in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# وقفه
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic وَقْفَة (waqfa).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [waq.ˈfa]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [wäq.fǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [wäq.fǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [wäq.fǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [wäq.fǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [væʁ.fé]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [väq.fǽ]

### Noun

وقفه • (vaqfe)
* gap, stop, pause, break, standstill
    Synonyms: توقف (tavaqqof), ایست (ist), سکون (sokun)
** late 1100s, Khāqānī, “Qaṣīda 139”, in دیوان خاقانی‎:گرچه رهرو نکند وقفه، کنم وقفه از آنک کشش همت اخوان به خراسان یابمgarči rahraw na-konad waqfa, kunam waqfa az ānk kašiš-i himmat-i ixwān ba xurāsān yābamThough the wayfarer should not pause, I have paused because I shall find the pull of my brethren's ambitions in Khurāsān.(Classical Persian transliteration)

#### Derived terms

* بدون وقفه (bedun-e vaqfe)
* بی‌وقفه (bi-vaqfe)

### Further reading

* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “وقفه”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “وقفه”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
# służebnik
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish służebnik. By surface analysis, służebny +‎ -ik. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from Russian служе́бник (služébnik).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /swuˈʐɛb.ɲik/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛbɲik
* Syllabification: słu‧żeb‧nik

### Noun

służebnik m pers (female equivalent służebnica or służebniczka)
* (archaic) servant
    Synonyms: sługa, służący
* (obsolete) beadle
    Synonym: woźny sądowy

#### Declension
### Noun

służebnik m inan (diminutive służebniczek)
* (Eastern Orthodoxy) missal
    Synonym: mszał

#### Derived terms

* służebniczy
* służebnictwo
* służebniczyć impf

#### Related terms

* służebny
* służebniczo
* służyć impf

### Further reading

* służebnik in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* służebnik in Polish dictionaries at PWN