# πάλιν
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* πᾰ́λῐ (pắlĭ)

### Etymology

Frozen adverbial accusative of *πάλις (*pális) from Proto-Indo-European *kʷl̥His, from *kʷel- (“to revolve”) (whence πέλω (pélō, “to go, be”) and πάλαι (pálai, “before, long ago”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pá.lin/ → /ˈpa.lin/ → /ˈpa.lin/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pá.lin/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpa.lin/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpa.lin/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpa.lin/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpa.lin/

### Adverb

πᾰ́λῐν • (pắlĭn)
* (of place) back, backwards
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.72
** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 854
** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 601
** 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 962
** 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 412
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.116
** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, Collected Works 22.34
** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1021
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.138
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.125
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.280
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.149
** 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 181
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 53
** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 601
** 425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 792
** 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 1486
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 318E
** 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 125
** (with a notion of contradiction)
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.56
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.357
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.254
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.456
*** 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 1040
*** 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 482D
*** 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 612D
*** 380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 507B
*** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 11
*** 416 BCE, Euripides, Herakles 778
* (of time) again, once more, anew
** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 1166
** 421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 997
** 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 787
** 175 CE – 235 CE, Claudius Aelianus, Various History 1.4
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.276
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.456
* again, in turn, doubly
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 731

#### Derived terms

* παλίμψηστος (palímpsēstos)
* πᾰλῐ́ντονος (pălĭ́ntonos)
* πᾰλῐ́ρροχθος (pălĭ́rrhokhthos)

#### Descendants

* Greek: πάλι (páli)
* → Coptic: ⲡⲁⲗⲓⲛ (palin)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πάλιν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1147

### Further reading

* “πάλιν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πάλιν”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “πάλιν”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* πάλιν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* πάλιν in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “πάλιν”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G3825 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. again idem, page 17.back idem, page 57.