# enfermo
## Asturian
### Adjective

enfermo
* neuter of enfermu

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese enfermo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin īnfirmus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [eɱˈfeɾmʊ]

### Adjective

enfermo (feminine enferma, masculine plural enfermos, feminine plural enfermas)
* sick, ill, diseased
    Synonyms: doente, mal
** 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 157:Cauallo que ha a door no corpo dentro contynoadamente ten as orellas fryas et os ollos couos he mal enfermothe horse who has pain inside his body continuously, has the ears cold and the eyes hollow, is badly ill
** 1895, A. López Ferreiro, A tecedeira de Bonaval, page 170:a situación tristísima e máis que lamentábel da súa nai, enferma, sin recursos e, para maor desgracia, de xenio tan atufado, enrenico e mal cabido, que naide se ladaba con elathe very sad and lamentable position of her mother, sick, resourceless and, adding insult to injury, having such a haughty, rude and misfit temper, that none got along with her

### Noun

enfermo m (plural enfermos, feminine enferma, feminine plural enfermas)
* sick person
    Synonym: doente
* (in the plural) sick
** 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 167:Ali da soude aos enfermos et alumea os çegosThere He gives health to the sick and lights the blind

### Verb

enfermo
* first-person singular present indicative of enfermar

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “enfermo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “enfermo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “enfermo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “enfermo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “enfermo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese enfermo, from Latin īnfirmus (“sick, feeble”), from in- + firmus (“firm”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeʁ.mu/ [ẽˈfeɦ.mu], (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeʁ.mu/ [ĩˈfeɦ.mu]
* (Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeʁ.mu/ [ẽˈfeɦ.mu], (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeʁ.mu/ [ĩˈfeɦ.mu]
** (São Paulo) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeɾ.mu/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeɾ.mu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeʁ.mu/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeʁ.mu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeɻ.mo/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeɻ.mo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ẽˈfeɾ.mu/
* Audio (Brazil):(file)

### Adjective

enfermo (feminine enferma, masculine plural enfermos, feminine plural enfermas)
* (of a person) sick, ill
    Synonyms: doente, adoecido, mal

#### Derived terms

* enfermaria
* enfermagem
* enfermeiro, enfermeira
* enfermiço
* enfermidade

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /enˈfeɾmo/ [ẽɱˈfeɾ.mo]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɾmo
* Syllabification: en‧fer‧mo

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin īnfirmus (“weak, feeble”), from īn- + firmus (“strong”).

#### Adjective

enfermo (feminine enferma, masculine plural enfermos, feminine plural enfermas)
* sick, ill
    Synonym: malato

##### Derived terms

* enfermería f
* enfermero m, enfermera f
* enfermizo
* enfermo mental
* unción de los enfermos

##### Related terms

* enfermar
* enfermedad

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

enfermo
* first-person singular present indicative of enfermar

### Further reading

* “enfermo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10