OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# kingmaker
## English
### Etymology

From king +‎ maker, originally used in the 16th century in “Warwick the Kingmaker”, an epithet of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (1428–1471), a key figure in the Wars of the Roses whose actions led to King Henry VI being deposed in 1461 and Edward IV appointed in his place, then Edward IV being replaced by Henry VI again in 1470.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈkɪŋmeɪkə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈkɪŋˌmeɪkɚ/
* Hyphenation: king‧mak‧er

### Noun

kingmaker (plural kingmakers)
* (politics) Someone who has strong influence over the choice of a leader.
    Coordinate term: queenmaker
** 2012 April 23, Angelique Chrisafis, “French election: Marine Le Pen voters grapple with their role as kingmakers”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 26 January 2021:Alain, who is proud of choosing the extreme right but still didn't want his real name printed, is one of the 6.4 million [Marine] Le Pen voters who are now the kingmakers in deciding who becomes the next president of France. If the Socialist François Hollande topped the poll, beating the rightwing president, Nicolas Sarkozy, and gaining momentum for returning the left to the presidency for the first time in a generation, it is Le Pen whose high showing and third place now holds the election in the balance.
** 2023 October 14, Antoinette Radford & Graeme Baker, “New Zealand election: National party's Chris Luxon claims victory”, in BBC:However, a National-Act coalition would only have a slim majority, meaning Mr Luxon may need to secure the support of NZ First, whose leader Winston Peters has been kingmaker in previous Labour and National-led coalitions.
* (by extension, game theory) A player who is unable to win but powerful enough to decide which of the other viable players will eventually win.

#### Usage notes

* In sense 1, the word is mostly used for people with powerful influence in choosing a candidate for public representation.

#### Derived terms

* kingmake

#### Related terms

* kingmaking

#### See also

* éminence grise
* power broker
* puppet master
* queenmaker
* svengali

### References

* ↑ “kingmaker, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2021; “kingmaker, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

### Further reading

* kingmaker on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* kingmaker (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# Gatchalian
## English
### Etymology

Filipino surname, from Gatchalian, Hispanicized form of Gat Sa Li-han, title of a legendary ruler of Ma-i (an ancient precolonial state in the Philippines)

### Proper noun

Gatchalian (plural Gatchalians)
* A surname from Tagalog.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Gatchalian is the 29231st most common surname in the United States, belonging to 810 individuals. Gatchalian is most common among Asian/Pacific Islander (92.47%) individuals.

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* Gatsalian

### Etymology

From Gat (“Lord”) +‎ sa (“object marker”) +‎ Li-han (“old name of Malolos city”), title of a legendary ruler of Ma-i (an ancient precolonial state in the Philippines).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ɡat͡ʃalˈjan/ [ɡɐ.t͡ʃɐlˈjan̪]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /ɡatsalˈjan/ [ɡɐt̪.sɐlˈjan̪]
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: Gat‧chal‧ian

### Proper noun

Gatchalián (Baybayin spelling ᜄᜆ᜔ᜐᜎ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔)
* a surname from Tagalog

#### Statistics

According to data collected by Forebears in 2014, Gatchalian is the 256th most common surname in the Philippines, occurring in 28,872 individuals.

#### See also

* Gatbonton
* Gatdula
* Gatmaitan
* Gatpandan
* Lian
# kudzu
## English
### Alternative forms

* kuzu

### Etymology

From Japanese 葛(くず) (kuzu). The spelling kudzu (instead of kuzu) is due to historical transliteration methods of Japanese into English (compare adzuki).

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈkʊd.zuː/

### Noun

kudzu (usually uncountable, plural kudzus)
* An Asian vine (several species in the genus Pueraria, but mostly Pueraria montana var. lobata, syn. Pueraria lobata in the US), grown as a root starch, and which is a notorious invasive weed in the United States.
    Synonyms: Japanese arrowroot, mile-a-minute
** 2007 November 1, Jeff Goodell, “James Lovelock, the Prophet”, in Rolling Stone‎:By 2020, droughts and other extreme weather will be commonplace. By 2040, the Sahara will be moving into Europe, and Berlin will be as hot as Baghdad. Atlanta will end up a kudzu jungle.
** 2011 August 31, Ashley Dawson, “Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor: An Interview with Rob Nixon”, in Social Text‎:Walled off communities, private jets, private security details are spreading like kudzu around the world.
** 2013 September 10, Michiko Kakutani, “A Calamity Tailor-Made for Internet Conspiracy Theories”, in New York Times‎:All the author’s familiar trademarks are here: […] shaggy-dog plotlines sprouting everywhere, like kudzu; […]
* (cooking, medicine) A starch extracted from the root that is used in traditional East Asian medicine and cuisine.
    Synonym: kudzu powder
** 1989 November, Drew DeSilver, Jan Gahala, “What is that stuff?”, in Vegetarian Times, →ISSN, page 43:Kudzu is available in natural food stores and Oriental markets; it is often sold in lumps that must be crushed in a mortar before measuring.
** 2009, Annemarie Colbin, Whole-food Guide to Strong Bones, New Harbinger Publications, →ISBN, page 233:Kudzu, a starch extracted from the root of the kudzu plant, acts similarly to cornstarch or arrowroot but is preferable for bone health because it contains some calcium.

#### Usage notes

* The kudzu invasive in the US apparently includes natural hybrids of four species of Pueraria: Pueraria montana, Pueraria edulis, Pueraria phaseoloides, and Pueraria tuberosa

#### Derived terms

* kudzu bug
* kudzu powder
* kudzu tea

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

### Further reading

* kudzu on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* kudzu powder on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# matchbook
## English
### Etymology

From match +‎ book.

### Noun

matchbook (plural matchbooks)
* A small folded sheet of cardboard containing rows of cardboard matches, generally with a striker on the outside.
    My company had matchbooks printed with the corporate logo as giveaway promotional items.

#### Related terms

* matchbox

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* bookmatch
# materialist
## English
### Etymology

From material +‎ -ist.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /məˈtiːɹɪəlɪst/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

materialist (plural materialists)
* Someone who is materialistic, concerned only with material possessions.
** '2007 March 2, Christopher Orlet, “The Look-at-Me Generation”, in The American Spectator‎:Ironically, today's generation has become the little materialists and "fame whores" (New York Magazines term) their boomer parents so reviled.
* A follower or proponent of philosophical materialism.
** 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:It is weary work enough to argue with an ordinary materialist, who hurls statistics and whole strata of geological facts at your head, whilst you can only buffet him with deductions and instincts and the snowflakes of faith, that are, alas! so apt to melt in the hot embers of our troubles.

#### Translations
### Adjective

materialist (comparative more materialist, superlative most materialist)
* Having features typical of philosophical materialism.

#### Translations
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed, likely from French.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maːˌteː.ri.aːˈlɪst/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ma‧te‧ri‧a‧list
* Rhymes: -ɪst

### Noun

materialist m (plural materialisten)
* materialist (one who believes that only matters exists)
* materialist (pursuer of money or possessions)

#### Derived terms

* materialistisch

#### Related terms

* materialisme

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French matérialiste or German Materialist.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.te.ri.aˈlist/

### Adjective

materialist m or n (feminine singular materialistă, masculine plural materialiști, feminine and neuter plural materialiste)
* materialistic

#### Declension
### Noun

materialist m (plural materialiști, feminine equivalent materialistă)
* materialist

#### Declension
## Swedish
### Etymology

materiell +‎ -ist

### Noun

materialist c
* a materialist (follower or proponent of philosophical materialism)
* a materialist (someone materialistic)

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | materialist | materialists |
| singular | definite | materialisten | materialistens |
| plural | indefinite | materialister | materialisters |
| plural | definite | materialisterna | materialisternas |

#### Related terms

* materialistisk

### References

* materialist in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* materialist in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# mug shot
## English
### Etymology

Originally American; compound of mug (“face”) + shot (“snapshot”). Compare mug (“portrait”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

mug shot (plural mug shots)
* A photograph taken of the head and shoulders, often from the front and in profile, usually taken in conjunction with somebody's arrest.
** 2002, Carolyne Wright, Greatest Hits 1975-2001‎, page 32:All Summer Johnny was Prince of the penny arcade, arms around me on the tilt-a-whirl, mug-shot grins in the quarter photo booth, twanging his guitar for street kids on the hill who scored baggies of hashish and Panama Red.
** 2006 October 2, Edward C. Baig, Macs For Dummies‎, page 204:The buddy list has a bunch of visual status clues. Your buddy may have included a mug shot, perhaps through Photo Booth.
** 2008, Johanne Lamoureux, PRECARIOUS VISUALITIES New Perspectives on Identification in Contemporary Art and Visual Culture: Ending Myths and the Catholic Outing of Andy Warhol‎, page 114:All these parameters of the series (the mug shot, the means of mechanical reproduction, the desirability of the outlawed, the reversal of law and desire and even the photo booth) are unmistakably present in Genet’s Our Lady of the Flowers.
** 2022 July, Marianne Paley, Betrayed!‎:After waiting some five hours to be called forward on an unusually hot, humid Summer’s day in London (I believe temperatures soared to around 30 degrees Centigrade or around 90F), I presented my mug shot to the perky female jobs-worth official.

#### Derived terms

* mug-shotted

#### Translations
### Further reading

mug shot on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# outfield player
## English
### Noun

outfield player (plural outfield players)
* (ball games) Any of the players on a team other than the goalkeeper.

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “outfield player”, in Collins English Dictionary.
* “outfield player”, in Cambridge English Dictionary, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, 1999–present.
# oxidizing agent
## English
### Alternative forms

* oxidising agent

### Noun

oxidizing agent (plural oxidizing agents)
* (chemistry) Any substance that oxidizes, or receives electrons from, another; in so doing, it becomes reduced.

#### Coordinate terms

* reducing agent

#### Further reading

* oxidizing agent on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# biscotin
## English
### Etymology

From French biscotin.

### Noun

biscotin (plural biscotins)
* A confection made of flour, sugar, marmalade, and eggs; a sweet biscuit.

#### Related terms

* biscuit
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing. (See the entry for “biscotin”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)

### Anagrams

* BitCoins, Bitcoins, bitcoins

## French
### Etymology

From Italian biscottino.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bis.kɔ.tɛ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

biscotin m (plural biscotins)
* a small biscuit, somewhat like shortbread

### Further reading

* “biscotin”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# peeping tom
## English
### Alternative forms

* peeping Tom, Peeping Tom

### Etymology

From Peeping Tom, a tailor in the legend of Lady Godiva who watched Godiva riding naked.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

peeping tom (plural peeping toms)
* A person who watches another without the other's permission and usually without the other's knowledge, especially for the purpose of deriving sexual pleasure from the sight of the other.
** 1957 June 3, “A Question of Justice”, in Time:Reynolds contended that the Chinese was a peeping tom whom he caught spying on his wife one night last March while she was toweling herself after a shower.
** 2000, Jeffrey Geri, Oh, Henry, →ISBN, page 148:The girls complained about peeping Toms. There was a skylight window in the communal ladies' shower, and one night Jennie and a friend looked up while showering, to see two young male faces staring at them from above.
** 2005, a UM student quoted in College Prowler: University Of Michigan: off the record →ISBN, page 20:
    "They claim that the security is good at UM, but we had five break-ins into student dorms and numerous reports of peeping Toms in the women's dorm bathrooms."

#### Synonyms

* peeper
* voyeur

#### See also

* gatecrasher, interloper, persona non grata, encroacher, backseat driver, kibitzer, meddler, nosy parker, marplot, buttinsky, busybody, voyeurism
# sarkanda
## English
### Alternative forms

* surkunda

### Noun

sarkanda (uncountable)
* A grass of species Tripidium bengalense, used to make sirky.
# šprým
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃpriːm]

### Noun

šprým m inan (diminutive šprýmek)
* jest, prank

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “šprým”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “šprým”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “šprým”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# power line
## English
### Alternative forms

* powerline
* power-line

### Noun

power line (plural power lines)
* An electrical wire, cable or conduit, suspended in air by utility poles or transmission towers, or buried underground, used for the carrying of electricity either from a power source such as a generating station to a substation, or from a substation to a building such as a plant, commercial building or a home.

#### Related terms

* power transmission line
# exudatinite
## English
### Noun

exudatinite (countable and uncountable, plural exudatinites)
* Alternative form of exsudatinite
# private property
## English
### Noun

private property (countable and uncountable, plural private properties)
* (law, property law) Property to which individuals or corporations have certain exclusive property rights, but do not necessarily possess.
** 1969, Paul Kantner (lyrics and music), “We Can Be Together”, performed by Jefferson Airplane:All your private property is / Target for your enemy / And your enemy is we
* (law, property law) Property to which the state or other public organizations do not have exclusive property rights.

#### Antonyms

* public property

#### Translations
### Further reading

* private property on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# šoudēšapančto
## Baltic Romani
### Alternative forms

* šoudešapančto

### Adjective

šoudēšapančto
* (Litovska, ordinal number) sixty-fifth

#### Coordinate terms

| | — 0 | — 1 | — 2 | — 3 | — 4 | — 5 | — 6 | — 7 | — 8 | — 9 |
| 0 — | - | pērvo | vtoro / dujto | trito | štarto | pančto | šouto | ēftato | ochtoto | eniato |
| 1 — | dēšto | dēšujekto | dēšudujto | dēšutrito | dēšuštarto | dēšupančto | dēšušouto | dēšēftato | dēšochtoto | dēšeniato |
| 2 — | bišto | bištējekto | bištēdujto | bištētrito | bištēštarto | bištēpančto | bištēšouto | bištēftato | bištochtoto | bišteniato |
| 3 — | trijandato | trijandajekto | trijandadujto | trijandatrito | trijandaštarto | trijandapančto | trijandašouto | trijandaēftato | trijandaochtoto | trijandaeniato |
| 4 — | štardēšato | štardēšajekto | štardēšadujto | štardēšatrito | štardēšaštarto | štardēšapančto | štardēšašouto | štardēšaēftato | štardēšaochtoto | štardēšaeniato |
| 5 — | pančdēšato | pančdēšajekto | pančdēšadujto | pančdēšatrito | pančdēšaštarto | pančdēšapančto | pančdēšašouto | pančdēšaēftato | pančdēšaochtoto | pančdēšaeniato |
| 6 — | šoudēšato | šoudēšajekto | šoudēšadujto | šoudēšatrito | šoudēšaštarto | šoudēšapančto | šoudēšašouto | šoudēšaēftato | šoudēšaochtoto | šoudēšaeniato |
| 7 — | ēftadēšato | ēftadēšajekto | ēftadēšadujto | ēftadēšatrito | ēftadēšaštarto | ēftadēšapančto | ēftadēšašouto | ēftadēšaēftato | ēftadēšaochtoto | ēftadēšaeniato |
| 8 — | ochtodēšato | ochtodēšajekto | ochtodēšadujto | ochtodēšatrito | ochtodēšaštarto | ochtodēšapančto | ochtodēšašouto | ochtodēšaēftato | ochtodēšaochtoto | ochtodēšaeniato |
| 9 — | eniadēšato | eniadēšajekto | eniadēšadujto | eniadēšatrito | eniadēšaštarto | eniadēšapančto | eniadēšašouto | eniadēšaēftato | eniadēšaochtoto | eniadēšaeniato |
# quantum entanglement
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

quantum entanglement (countable and uncountable, plural quantum entanglements)
* (quantum mechanics) A quantum mechanical phenomenon in which the quantum states of two or more objects have to be described with reference to each other, even though the individual objects are spatially separated.

#### Synonyms

* spooky action at a distance

#### Translations
### Further reading

* quantum entanglement on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# range of motion
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

range of motion (plural ranges of motion)
* The distance (linear or angular) that a movable object may normally travel while properly attached to another.
* (bodybuilding) The distance in which the relevant body parts travel during an exercise.

#### Synonyms

* ROM (initialism)
* range of travel
# remastering
## English
### Verb

remastering
* present participle and gerund of remaster

### Noun

remastering (plural remasterings)
* (music) The production of a new version of a recording by remixing the original master recordings.
* (music) The new version so produced.

#### Derived terms

* digital remastering

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* restreaming, steering arm
# ēftadēšaštarto
## Baltic Romani
### Alternative forms

* eftadešaštarto

### Adjective

ēftadēšaštarto
* (Litovska, ordinal number) seventy-fourth

#### Coordinate terms

| | — 0 | — 1 | — 2 | — 3 | — 4 | — 5 | — 6 | — 7 | — 8 | — 9 |
| 0 — | - | pērvo | vtoro / dujto | trito | štarto | pančto | šouto | ēftato | ochtoto | eniato |
| 1 — | dēšto | dēšujekto | dēšudujto | dēšutrito | dēšuštarto | dēšupančto | dēšušouto | dēšēftato | dēšochtoto | dēšeniato |
| 2 — | bišto | bištējekto | bištēdujto | bištētrito | bištēštarto | bištēpančto | bištēšouto | bištēftato | bištochtoto | bišteniato |
| 3 — | trijandato | trijandajekto | trijandadujto | trijandatrito | trijandaštarto | trijandapančto | trijandašouto | trijandaēftato | trijandaochtoto | trijandaeniato |
| 4 — | štardēšato | štardēšajekto | štardēšadujto | štardēšatrito | štardēšaštarto | štardēšapančto | štardēšašouto | štardēšaēftato | štardēšaochtoto | štardēšaeniato |
| 5 — | pančdēšato | pančdēšajekto | pančdēšadujto | pančdēšatrito | pančdēšaštarto | pančdēšapančto | pančdēšašouto | pančdēšaēftato | pančdēšaochtoto | pančdēšaeniato |
| 6 — | šoudēšato | šoudēšajekto | šoudēšadujto | šoudēšatrito | šoudēšaštarto | šoudēšapančto | šoudēšašouto | šoudēšaēftato | šoudēšaochtoto | šoudēšaeniato |
| 7 — | ēftadēšato | ēftadēšajekto | ēftadēšadujto | ēftadēšatrito | ēftadēšaštarto | ēftadēšapančto | ēftadēšašouto | ēftadēšaēftato | ēftadēšaochtoto | ēftadēšaeniato |
| 8 — | ochtodēšato | ochtodēšajekto | ochtodēšadujto | ochtodēšatrito | ochtodēšaštarto | ochtodēšapančto | ochtodēšašouto | ochtodēšaēftato | ochtodēšaochtoto | ochtodēšaeniato |
| 9 — | eniadēšato | eniadēšajekto | eniadēšadujto | eniadēšatrito | eniadēšaštarto | eniadēšapančto | eniadēšašouto | eniadēšaēftato | eniadēšaochtoto | eniadēšaeniato |
# sailoress
## English
### Etymology

From sailor +‎ -ess.

### Noun

sailoress (plural sailoresses)
* (rare, dated) A female sailor.
** 1897, “Yachting at Cowes”, in Lady's Realm, volume 2, page 444:The usual size of yacht handled b the fair sailoresses is a two and a half rater but now that practice has increased their skil they are racing large boats.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* solarises
# ēftadēšaochtoto
## Baltic Romani
### Alternative forms

* eftadešaochtoto

### Adjective

ēftadēšaochtoto
* (Litovska, ordinal number) seventy-eighth

#### Coordinate terms

| | — 0 | — 1 | — 2 | — 3 | — 4 | — 5 | — 6 | — 7 | — 8 | — 9 |
| 0 — | - | pērvo | vtoro / dujto | trito | štarto | pančto | šouto | ēftato | ochtoto | eniato |
| 1 — | dēšto | dēšujekto | dēšudujto | dēšutrito | dēšuštarto | dēšupančto | dēšušouto | dēšēftato | dēšochtoto | dēšeniato |
| 2 — | bišto | bištējekto | bištēdujto | bištētrito | bištēštarto | bištēpančto | bištēšouto | bištēftato | bištochtoto | bišteniato |
| 3 — | trijandato | trijandajekto | trijandadujto | trijandatrito | trijandaštarto | trijandapančto | trijandašouto | trijandaēftato | trijandaochtoto | trijandaeniato |
| 4 — | štardēšato | štardēšajekto | štardēšadujto | štardēšatrito | štardēšaštarto | štardēšapančto | štardēšašouto | štardēšaēftato | štardēšaochtoto | štardēšaeniato |
| 5 — | pančdēšato | pančdēšajekto | pančdēšadujto | pančdēšatrito | pančdēšaštarto | pančdēšapančto | pančdēšašouto | pančdēšaēftato | pančdēšaochtoto | pančdēšaeniato |
| 6 — | šoudēšato | šoudēšajekto | šoudēšadujto | šoudēšatrito | šoudēšaštarto | šoudēšapančto | šoudēšašouto | šoudēšaēftato | šoudēšaochtoto | šoudēšaeniato |
| 7 — | ēftadēšato | ēftadēšajekto | ēftadēšadujto | ēftadēšatrito | ēftadēšaštarto | ēftadēšapančto | ēftadēšašouto | ēftadēšaēftato | ēftadēšaochtoto | ēftadēšaeniato |
| 8 — | ochtodēšato | ochtodēšajekto | ochtodēšadujto | ochtodēšatrito | ochtodēšaštarto | ochtodēšapančto | ochtodēšašouto | ochtodēšaēftato | ochtodēšaochtoto | ochtodēšaeniato |
| 9 — | eniadēšato | eniadēšajekto | eniadēšadujto | eniadēšatrito | eniadēšaštarto | eniadēšapančto | eniadēšašouto | eniadēšaēftato | eniadēšaochtoto | eniadēšaeniato |
# sex offender
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

sex offender (plural sex offenders)
* Somebody who has committed a crime of a sexual nature.
** 2014 August 29, Ruzwana Bashir, “The untold story of how a culture of shame perpetuates abuse. I know, I was a victim”, in The Guardian:Soon after our case, another convicted sex offender was released back into our community and was accepted as if nothing had happened.

#### See also

* sexual predator