# jana
## Finnish
### Etymology

In dialects meant "row, line" (e.g. of traps), from where it was adopted into the literary language. The first instance of the modern meaning in geometry is from 1860.
There are two theories for the etymology of this word. The first supposes that the word is directly related to juoni, although the exact derivation is unclear. It is quite often described as a "sound-symbolic" variant of such, mainly in light of the supposed other obscured derivatives juna, jono and others. The other theory supposes a borrowing from Proto-Norse [script needed] (*(j)ānaʀ) (from Proto-Germanic *jēnaz; compare Old High German jān).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjɑnɑ/, [ˈjɑ̝nɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑnɑ
* Hyphenation: ja‧na

### Noun

jana
* (geometry) line segment

#### Declension

Possessive forms of jana (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
janani
janani
accusative
nom.
janani
janani
gen.
janani
genitive
janani
janojeni janaini $^{rare}$
partitive
janaani
janojani
inessive
janassani
janoissani
elative
janastani
janoistani
illative
janaani
janoihini
adessive
janallani
janoillani
ablative
janaltani
janoiltani
allative
janalleni
janoilleni
essive
jananani
janoinani
translative
janakseni
janoikseni
abessive
janattani
janoittani
instructive
comitative
—janoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
janasi
janasi
accusative
nom.
janasi
janasi
gen.
janasi
genitive
janasi
janojesi janaisi $^{rare}$
partitive
janaasi
janojasi
inessive
janassasi
janoissasi
elative
janastasi
janoistasi
illative
janaasi
janoihisi
adessive
janallasi
janoillasi
ablative
janaltasi
janoiltasi
allative
janallesi
janoillesi
essive
jananasi
janoinasi
translative
janaksesi
janoiksesi
abessive
janattasi
janoittasi
instructive
comitative
—janoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
janamme
janamme
accusative
nom.
janamme
janamme
gen.
janamme
genitive
janamme
janojemme janaimme $^{rare}$
partitive
janaamme
janojamme
inessive
janassamme
janoissamme
elative
janastamme
janoistamme
illative
janaamme
janoihimme
adessive
janallamme
janoillamme
ablative
janaltamme
janoiltamme
allative
janallemme
janoillemme
essive
jananamme
janoinamme
translative
janaksemme
janoiksemme
abessive
janattamme
janoittamme
instructive
comitative
—janoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
jananne
jananne
accusative
nom.
jananne
jananne
gen.
jananne
genitive
jananne
janojenne janainne $^{rare}$
partitive
janaanne
janojanne
inessive
janassanne
janoissanne
elative
janastanne
janoistanne
illative
janaanne
janoihinne
adessive
janallanne
janoillanne
ablative
janaltanne
janoiltanne
allative
janallenne
janoillenne
essive
janananne
janoinanne
translative
janaksenne
janoiksenne
abessive
janattanne
janoittanne
instructive
comitative
—janoinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
janansa
janansa
accusative
nom.
janansa
janansa
gen.
janansa
genitive
janansa
janojensa janainsa $^{rare}$
partitive
janaansa
janojaan janojansa
inessive
janassaan janassansa
janoissaan janoissansa
elative
janastaan janastansa
janoistaan janoistansa
illative
janaansa
janoihinsa
adessive
janallaan janallansa
janoillaan janoillansa
ablative
janaltaan janaltansa
janoiltaan janoiltansa
allative
janalleen janallensa
janoilleen janoillensa
essive
jananaan jananansa
janoinaan janoinansa
translative
janakseen janaksensa
janoikseen janoiksensa
abessive
janattaan janattansa
janoittaan janoittansa
instructive
comitative
—janoineen janoinensa :

#### Derived terms

* aikajana
* keskijana
* korkeusjana
* laatikko-janakuvio
* suuntajana
* yhdysjana

### Further reading

* “jana”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* Anja, ajan, jaan

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* 𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* जन (Devanagari script)
* জন (Bengali script)
* ජන (Sinhalese script)
* ဇန or ၹၼ (Burmese script)
* ชน or ชะนะ (Thai script)
* ᨩᨶ (Tai Tham script)
* ຊນ or ຊະນະ (Lao script)
* ជន (Khmer script)
* 𑄎𑄚 (Chakma script)

### Etymology

From Sanskrit जन (jana).

### Noun

jana m
* person; man; people

#### Descendants

* Burmese: ဇန (ja.na.)

### References

Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “jana”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

## Sardinian
### Etymology

From Latin Diana, from Proto-Italic *deiwā, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjana/

### Noun

jana f (plural janas)
* fairy

## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʄɑ.nɑ/
* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu [Term?].

#### Adjective

jana (invariable)
* last (most recent time)
** 2019, “Uhuru wa vyombo vya habari: Waandishi wangapi waliouawa mwaka jana duniani?”, in BBC Swahili‎:Afghanistan inasalia kuwa nchi ilio hatari zaidi kuishi kama mwandishi habari, kukishuhudiwa vifo vya waandishi 16 mwaka jana.Afghanistan continues to be the most dangerous country for journalists to live in, bearing witness to the deaths of 16 journalists last year.

#### Adverb

jana
* yesterday
** 2018 December 3, “MAGUFULI AMTAJA LOWASSA SHIDA YA MAJI”, in Taifa Leo‎, archived from the original on 9 August 2019:Takribani wiki moja baada ya Rais John Magufuli na Edward Lowassa kupeana sifa, jana kiongozi mkuu huyo wa nchi amemtaja tena waziri mkuu huyo wa zamani, safari hii akimhusisha na ombi la mbunge wa Monduli kuhusu uhaba wa maji.About one week after President John Magufuli and Edward Lowassa exchanged praise, yesterday the head of state mentioned the former prime minister again, this time involving a request to MP Monduli's request about water shortages.

#### Noun

jana class IX (plural jana class X)
* yesterday
** 2019 July 24, Curtis Otieno, “ODM MP praises DPP Haji over CS Rotich's woes”, in Hivi Sasa‎:Tunataka sasa kuona watu wanafungwa katika kesi zote sio hii ya jana tu.Now we want to see people imprisoned in every case, not just yesterday's.

### Etymology 2

From the root of mwana.

#### Noun

jana class V (plural majana class VI)
* Augmentative of mwana: large child
* larva, grub
** 2005, Kakakuona, Issue 19‎, Tanzania Wildlife Protection Fund, page 5:Wafugaji wengine waliokuwa wakifuga nyuki kwa kutumia vyungu walifaulu kutenganisha kundi la majana na lile la kuweka asali kwa kuweka nyansi zenye kuruhusu nyuki vibarua kupanda juu wakiwa wamejaa matumbo yao na mbochi na chavua kubakia kwenye mtungi wa chini kwenye malkia na majana.Other beekeeping ranchers using ants were successful in separating the group of larvae from the settled honey by leaving out grass to allow worker bees to rise above when they had filled their stomachs with nectar and pollen, leaving a jar below with the queen and larvae.

##### Derived terms

* kijana (“youth”)

## Ye'kwana
### Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *pana.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [hʷana]

### Noun

jana (possessed janadü)
* ear

#### Derived terms

* janasede

### References

* Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “jana”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎, Lyon
* Hall, Katherine Lee (1988) “hana”, in The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University, page 289
* Hall, Katherine (2007) “hāna”, in Mary Ritchie Key & Bernard Comrie, editors, The Intercontinental Dictionary Series‎, Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, published 2021

## Zulu
### Alternative forms

* -dana

### Etymology

From -de (“long, tall”) +‎ -ana (diminutive).

### Pronunciation

IPA: /dʒaːna/

### Adjective

-jana
* rather long
* fairly tall

#### Inflection

Adjective concord :
| | Modifier | Modifier | Copulative | Copulative |
| | positive | negative | positive | negative |
| 1st singular | engimjana | engingemjana | ngimjana | angimjana |
| 2nd singular | omjana | ongemjana | umjana | awumjana |
| 1st plural | esibajana | esingebajana | sibajana | asibajana |
| 2nd plural | enibajana | eningebajana | nibajana | anibajana |
| Class 1 | omjana | ongemjana | mjana | akamjana |
| Class 2 | abajana | abangebajana | bajana | ababajana |
| Class 3 | omjana | ongemjana | mjana | awumjana |
| Class 4 | emijana | engemijana | mijana | ayimijana |
| Class 5 | elijana | elingelijana | lijana | alilijana |
| Class 6 | amajana | angemajana | majana | awamajana |
| Class 7 | esijana | esingesijana | sijana | asisijana |
| Class 8 | ezinjana | ezingezinjana | zinjana | azizinjana |
| Class 9 | enjana | engenjana, engeyinjana | injana, yinjana | ayiyinjana |
| Class 10 | ezinjana | ezingezinjana | zinjana | azizinjana |
| Class 11 | olujana | olungelujana | lujana | alulujana |
| Class 14 | obujana | obungebujana | bujana | abubujana |
| Class 15 | okujana | okungekujana | kujana | akukujana |
| Class 17 | okujana | okungekujana | kujana | akukujana |

### References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-jana”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-jana”