OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# wyczerpać
## Polish
### Etymology

From wy- +‎ czerpać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɘˈt͡ʂɛr.pat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛrpat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: wy‧czer‧pać

### Verb

wyczerpać pf (imperfective wyczerpywać)
* (transitive) to draw out, to drain (completely extract a liquid)
* (transitive) to exhaust, to deplete, to drain
* (transitive) to wear out, to tire out
* (reflexive with się) to run short, to run low, to dry up

#### Derived terms

* wyczerpany
* wyczerpanie

#### Related terms

* wyczerpujący
* wyczerpująco

### Further reading

* wyczerpać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wyczerpać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# epoxidase
## English
### Etymology

From epoxide +‎ -ase.

### Noun

epoxidase (plural epoxidases)
* (biochemistry) Any enzyme that catalyzes an epoxidation reaction.

#### Derived terms

* deepoxidase
# śpiéra
## Polish
### Etymology

Deverbal from spierać.

### Pronunciation

* (Lesser Poland):
** (Goral):
*** (Żywiec) IPA: /ˈɕpje.ra/

### Noun

śpiéra f
* (Żywiec) Synonym of spór (“argument”)

### Further reading

* Izydor Kopernicki (1875) “śpiéra”, in Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (I), volume 3, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 376
# cascada
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cascada or directly from Italian cascata.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [kəsˈka.ðə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [kasˈka.ða]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

cascada f (plural cascades)
* waterfall

### Participle

cascada f sg
* feminine singular of cascat

### References

* “cascada” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

cascada
* third-person singular past historic of cascader

### Anagrams

* saccada

## Romanian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kaˈska.da]

### Noun

cascada f
* definite nominative/accusative singular of cascadă

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kasˈkada/ [kasˈka.ð̞a]
* Rhymes: -ada
* Syllabification: cas‧ca‧da

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian cascata, from cascare (“to fall”), based on Latin cāsus (“fallen”).

#### Noun

cascada f (plural cascadas)
* waterfall, cascade
    Synonym: catarata

##### Derived terms

* en cascada

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

cascada f sg
* feminine singular of cascado

#### Participle

cascada f sg
* feminine singular of cascado

### Further reading

* “cascada”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Silicon Valley
## English
### Alternative forms

* Silicone Valley (misspelling)

### Etymology

From Silicon Valley USA, the title of a series of articles appearing in 1971 in Electronic News by the journalist Don Hoefler, from silicon, an important element in semiconductor manufacturing + valley from Santa Clara Valley, the area where many of these industries are located.

### Proper noun

Silicon Valley
* (informal) Originally, the region of the San Francisco Bay Area in which there were a high number of industries producing silicon chips; later extended to mean the entire concentration of high-tech businesses in this area.
** 2012, Fiorenza Belussi, Udo Hermann Staber, Managing Networks of Creativity, page 92:The community of radio amateurs—trespassing fiddlers on the cutting edge of technological possibilities—prefigured the geek community that was to inhabit Silicon Valley 50 years later.
** 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:Since the launch early last year of Udacity and Coursera, two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations. University brands built in some cases over centuries have been forced to contemplate the possibility that information technology will rapidly make their existing business model obsolete.
* (metonymically) The tech industry, especially the American tech industry specifically.
* (countable) A tech industry cluster in another country, developed as a competitor to the original Silicon Valley.
** 1995 March 16, Ray P Oakey, High-Technology New Firms: Variable Barriers To Growth, SAGE Publications Limited:The belief in the early 1980s among many European pundits that a series of European Silicon Valleys could be developed before the end of the decade flew in the face of all the United States evidence.

#### Derived terms

* Mexican Silicon Valley
* Silicone Valley
* Silicon Valley North
* Silicon Valley of Europe
* Silicon Valley of India
* Silicon Valley of Sweden
* Silicon Valley of the East Coast

#### Related terms

* Cwm Silicon
* Silicon Alley
* Silicon Beach
* Silicon Docks
* Silicon Fen
* Silicon Forest
* Silicon Glen
* Silicon Hills
* Silicon Mallee
* Silicon Prairie
* Silicon Roundabout
* Silicon Sentier
* Silicon Wadi

#### Translations
### See also

* A comprehensive list of "Siliconia", place names modelled on "Silicon Valley" (Note: these place names are of varying degrees of currency and so have not been copied into the lists of derived and related terms above)

### Further reading

* Silicon Valley on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# અવસ્તા
## Gujarati
### Alternative forms

* અવેસ્તા (avestā)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اوستا (awastā).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈə.ʋəs.t̪ɑ/
* Rhymes: -ɑ

### Proper noun

અવસ્તા • (avastā) f
* (Zoroastrianism) Avesta
* (by extension) Avestan

#### Related terms

* જંદાવસ્તા (jandāvastā)
# planctólogo
## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* planctonólogo

### Noun

planctólogo m (plural planctólogos, feminine planctóloga, feminine plural planctólogas)
* planktologist

#### Related terms

* planctología
# rapautua
## Finnish
### Etymology

rapa +‎ -utua

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɑpɑu̯tuɑˣ/, [ˈrɑ̝pɑ̝u̯ˌt̪uɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uɑ
* Hyphenation: ra‧pau‧tua

### Verb

rapautua
* (intransitive, of stone) To crumble, erode.

#### Derived terms

* rapauma
* rapautuma
* rapautuminen

#### Related terms

* rapauttaa (transitive)

### Further reading

* “rapautua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# Cascio
## English
### Proper noun

Cascio (plural Cascios)
* A surname.

#### Derived terms

* Cascio tracks

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Cascio is the 9638th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 3367 individuals. Cascio is most common among White (93.7%) individuals.

### Anagrams

* Caicos, Coscia, saccoi
# gerarchia
## Italian
### Alternative forms

* ierarchia (archaic)

### Etymology

From Latin hierarchia, from Ancient Greek ἱεραρχία (hierarkhía, “rule of a high priest”), from ἱεράρχης (hierárkhēs, “high priest”), from ἱερεύς (hiereús, “priest”) + ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “rule”) (compare -archia).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒe.rarˈki.a/
* Rhymes: -ia
* Hyphenation: ge‧rar‧chì‧a
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

gerarchia f (plural gerarchie)
* hierarchy

#### Related terms

* gerarca
* gerarchesco
* gerarchicamente
* gerarchico
* gerarchismo
* gerarchizzare

### Further reading

* gerarchia in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
* gerarchia in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
* gerarchia in Aldo Gabrielli, Grandi Dizionario Italiano (Hoepli)
* gerarchia in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa
* gerarchìa in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication
* gerarchìa in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
# frytka
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfrɘt.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘtka
* Syllabification: fryt‧ka

### Etymology 1

From French frite +‎ -ka.

#### Noun

frytka f
* (usually in the plural) french fry, fry, potato chip, chip (fried piece of cut potato)
    Synonym: frytek

##### Derived terms

* frytkarnia
* frytkownica

##### Related terms

* frytek
* frytura

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

frytka m inan or m anim
* genitive/accusative singular of frytek

### Further reading

* frytka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* frytka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# progesterone
## English
### Etymology

From pro- (“supporting”) +‎ Latin gestāre (“to bear, to carry”) +‎ -one (“a ketone”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛstəɹəʊn/
* (General American) IPA: /pɹoʊˈd͡ʒɛstəˌɹoʊn/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

progesterone (plural progesterones)
* (biochemistry, steroids, uncountable) A steroid hormone, secreted by the ovaries, whose function is to prepare the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized ovum and to maintain pregnancy.
* (biochemistry, steroids, countable) A synthetic version of the compound, used in contraceptive pills and other pharmaceutical products.

#### Derived terms

* anhydrohydroxyprogesterone
* antiprogesterone
* cyproterone
* dehydroprogesterone
* dihydroprogesterone
* haloprogesterone
* hydroxyprogesterone
* methylprogesterone
* norprogesterone
* progestational
* Progesterex
* progesteronic
* tetrahydroprogesterone

#### Translations
## Italian
### Noun

progesterone m (plural progesteroni)
* progesterone

#### Related terms

* progestina
* progestinico
# Copdock and Washbrook
## English
### Proper noun

Copdock and Washbrook
* A civil parish in Babergh district, Suffolk, England, which includes these two villages.

#### Related terms

* Copdock
* Washbrook
# exterminador
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin exterminātōrem. By surface analysis, exterminar +‎ -dor.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /is.teʁ.mi.naˈdoʁ/ [is.teɦ.mi.naˈdoh], /es.teʁ.mi.naˈdoʁ/ [es.teɦ.mi.naˈdoh]
* (Brazil) IPA: /is.teʁ.mi.naˈdoʁ/ [is.teɦ.mi.naˈdoh], /es.teʁ.mi.naˈdoʁ/ [es.teɦ.mi.naˈdoh]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /is.teɾ.mi.naˈdoɾ/, /es.teɾ.mi.naˈdoɾ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃ.teʁ.mi.naˈdoʁ/ [iʃ.teʁ.mi.naˈdoχ], /eʃ.teʁ.mi.naˈdoʁ/ [eʃ.teʁ.mi.naˈdoχ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /es.teɻ.mi.naˈdoɻ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdoɾ/ [(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðoɾ], /ɐjʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdoɾ/ [ɐjʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðoɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdoɾ/ [(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðoɾ], /ɐjʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdoɾ/ [ɐjʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðoɾ]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdoɾ/ [(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðoɾ], /ejʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdoɾ/ [ejʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðoɾ]
** (Central Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdoɾ/ [(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðoɾ], /ejʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdoɾ/ [ejʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðoɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdo.ɾi/ [(i)ʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðo.ɾi], /eʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈdo.ɾi/ [eʃ.tɨɾ.mi.nɐˈðo.ɾi]
* Hyphenation: ex‧ter‧mi‧na‧dor

### Adjective

exterminador (feminine exterminadora, masculine plural exterminadores, feminine plural exterminadoras)
* exterminating (that exterminates)

#### Related terms

* exterminar

### Noun

exterminador m (plural exterminadores, feminine exterminadora, feminine plural exterminadoras)
* exterminator (someone or something that exterminates)
* exterminator (person whose job it is to kill insects and other pests)
* (science fiction) terminator (artificial intelligence machine created to destroy humans)

### Further reading

* “exterminador”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “exterminador”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
* “exterminador” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “exterminador”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “exterminador”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “exterminador”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin exterminātor. By surface analysis, exterminar +‎ -dor.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eɡsteɾminaˈdoɾ/ [eɣ̞s.t̪eɾ.mi.naˈð̞oɾ]
* Rhymes: -oɾ
* Syllabification: ex‧ter‧mi‧na‧dor

### Adjective

exterminador (feminine exterminadora, masculine plural exterminadores, feminine plural exterminadoras)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Noun

exterminador m (plural exterminadores, feminine exterminadora, feminine plural exterminadoras)
* exterminator, destructor

#### Related terms

* exterminar

### Further reading

* “exterminador”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# τῆλε
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* τῆλ’ (têl’) — apocopic

### Etymology

From a locative form of Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to turn, revolve”). Compare τέλος (télos, “end”) and πάλαι (pálai, “long ago”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɛ̂ː.le/ → /ˈti.le/ → /ˈti.le/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /tɛ̂ː.le/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈte̝.le/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈti.le/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈti.le/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈti.le/

### Adverb

τῆλε • (têle)
* far off, afar, far away

#### Derived terms

* τηλαυγής (tēlaugḗs)
* τηλεδαπός (tēledapós)
* Τηλέπυλος (Tēlépulos)
* τηλόθεν (tēlóthen)
* τηλόθι (tēlóthi)
* τηλοῦ (tēloû)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τῆλε”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1477-8

### Further reading

* “τῆλε”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “τῆλε”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “τῆλε”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* τῆλε in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* τῆλε in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “τῆλε”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
# trackie
## English
### Etymology

From tracksuit +‎ -ie (“diminutive suffix”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

trackie (plural trackies)
* (UK, Australia, New Zealand, informal) A tracksuit.
** 2005, Peter Docker, Someone Else′s Country, ReadHowYouWant, published 2010, page 300:Dylan was wearing a light trackie top in the colours of the flag.
** 2005, Peter Temple, The Broken Shore‎, page 99:‘I′ve fucking had it with this town,’ she said. ‘I go into the super last night, they reckon they seen me taking frozen stuff out of me trackie at the car. So I′m gonna walk around with fucking frozen peas down me trackie, right? Right?’
** 2006, Niven Govinden, Graffiti My Soul, Penguin, page 69:Carriages crammed with more sportswear than JD, including what looks like an orange and black trackie, similar to Casey′s; some dad out with his kid. You get a better class of person in Wembley.
** 2009, Fleur McDonald, Red Dust, ReadHowYouWant, page 118:Pulling on a pair of trackie pants and a jumper, she quietly unclipped the flyscreen and pushed up the old window and climbed through, landing outside with a hollow thud.

#### Usage notes

* The plural, trackies, may also refer to tracksuit bottoms (the trousers of a tracksuit).

#### Derived terms

* trackie bottoms
* trackie daks
* trackie top

### Anagrams

* keratic, kreatic, tackier
# eğlenti
## Turkish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ej.læn.ˈti/
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

eğlenti (definite accusative eğlentiyi, plural eğlentiler)
* party (a gathering of usually invited guests for entertainment, fun and socializing)

#### Related terms

* eğlence
* eğlendirici
* eğlendirmek
* eğlenmek

#### Descendants

* → Greek: γλέντι (glénti)

### References

* “eğlenti”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# opk
## Slovincian
### Etymology

From opa +‎ -k.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔpk/
* Rhymes: -ɔpk
* Syllabification: opk

### Noun

opk m inan
* diminutive of opa

#### Related terms

* opjy
* opskjy
* opó
* opôwy
* opjã
* opjõteczkô
* opjõtkô
* opjõtúszkô
* opka
* opôwo

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “ǻu̯pk”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 8
# Zulassung
## German
### Etymology

From zulassen (“to allow, to permit; to license”) +‎ -ung (“-ing”). Compare Dutch toelating.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtsuː.la.sʊŋ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Zulassung f (genitive Zulassung, plural Zulassungen)
* admission
* approval, authorization, permission
* registration, certification

#### Derived terms

* Kraftfahrzeugzulassung
* Zulassungsantrag
* Zulassungsbeschränkung
* Zulassungsstelle
* zulassungsüberschreitend

### Further reading

* “Zulassung” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Zulassung” in Duden online
# Bukareszt
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Romanian București.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /buˈka.rɛʂt/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arɛʂt
* Syllabification: Bu‧ka‧reszt

### Proper noun

Bukareszt m inan (related adjective bukareszteński)
* Bucharest (the capital and largest city of Romania)

#### Derived terms

* bukaresztenka
* bukareszteńczyk

### Further reading

* Bukareszt in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Bukareszt in PWN's encyclopedia
# hypotéka
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin hypotheca (“pledge for a loan”). Ultimately from Ancient Greek ὑποθήκη (hupothḗkē, “warning, pledge”), from the verb ὑποτίθημι (hupotíthēmi, “put down, pledge”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦɪpotɛːka]

### Noun

hypotéka f
* mortgage

#### Related terms

* hypoteční

### Further reading

* “hypotéka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “hypotéka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# શૌરસેની
## Gujarati
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शौरसेनी (śaurasenī), from शूरसेन (śūrasena, “a name for Mathura”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Gujarati) IPA: /ˈʃəuɾ.seː.ni/

### Proper noun

શૌરસેની • (śaursenī) f
* Shauraseni Prakrit (language)

#### Related terms

* શૂરસેન (śūrsen)
# Rhenus
## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed from Gaulish *Reinos (Proto-Celtic *reinos), built on Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to flow”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈreː.nus/, [ˈreːnʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈre.nus/, [ˈrɛːnus]

### Proper noun

Rhēnus m sg (genitive Rhēnī); second declension
* Rhine (a river).
** Tacitus, Gemanica, chapter 1 (Oxford revised translation)
    Germania omnis a Gallis Rhaetisque et Pannoniis Rheno et Danubio fluminibus.
       Germany is separated from Gaul, Rhaetia, and Pannonia, by the rivers Rhine and Danube.
* Reno (a river in Italy).

#### Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.

#### Derived terms

* Rhēnānus
* Rhēnō-Trāiectīnus
* Trāiectum ad Rhēnum

#### Related terms

* Rhēnānia

#### Descendants

* Italian: Reno
* Old Occitan: Ren
** Catalan: Ren (archaic)
** Occitan: Ren
* → Polish: Ren
* Romansch: Rain, Ragn, Rein

### References

* “Rhenus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* Rhenus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# esponsales
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin spōnsālia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /esponˈsales/ [es.põnˈsa.les]
* Rhymes: -ales
* Syllabification: es‧pon‧sa‧les

### Noun

esponsales m pl (plural only)
* betrothal

#### Related terms

* esposo

### Further reading

* “esponsales”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# echographic
## English
### Etymology

From echography +‎ -ic.

### Adjective

echographic (not comparable)
* Pertaining to echography

#### Derived terms

* cardioechographic
* echographically
# pastwić
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* pacwić (Middle Polish)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish pastwić. By surface analysis, pastwa +‎ -ić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpas.tfit͡ɕ/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈpas.tfit͡ɕ/
* Audio; “pastwić się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -astfit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: pas‧twić

### Verb

pastwić impf
* (reflexive with się) to abuse, to torment, to victimize
    Synonym: znęcać się
* (reflexive with się, obsolete) to feed on
    Synonyms: karmić się, sycić się, żywić się

#### Derived terms

* pastwisko
* pasza
* pasać impf
* paść impf

### Further reading

* pastwić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pastwić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “PASTWIĆ SIĘ”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
# donated
## English
### Verb

donated
* simple past and past participle of donate

### Adjective

donated (not comparable)
* Having been given freely rather than purchased.

#### Derived terms

* nondonated
* predonated
* undonated

### Anagrams

* nodated
# παρελθοντικός
## Greek
### Etymology

Learnedly from παρελθοντ- (parelthont-) +‎ -ικός (-ikós).

### Adjective

παρελθοντικός • (parelthontikós) m (feminine παρελθοντική, neuter παρελθοντικό)
* past, of the past
    παρελθοντικά γεγονότα ― parelthontiká gegonóta ― past events
* (grammar) past
    Coordinate terms: παροντικός (parontikós), μελλοντικός (mellontikós)
    παρελθοντικός χρόνος ― parelthontikós chrónos ― past tense

#### Declension

Derivations: Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο παρελθοντικός, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο παρελθοντικός, etc.)

#### Related terms

* παρελθόν n (parelthón)
* παρελθών (parelthón)

### References

* ↑ παρελθοντικός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
# kibit
## Kapampangan
### Alternative forms

* quibit (Súlat Bacúlud, Spanish orthography)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɪˈbit/ [kɪˈbit]
* Hyphenation: ki‧bit

### Verb

kibit
* to shrug; to movement of one's shoulders to signal disregard or indifference

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* quibit — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

Compare Kapampangan kibit.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kiˈbit/ [kɪˈbit̪̚]
* Rhymes: -it
* Syllabification: ki‧bit

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

kibít (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜊᜒᜆ᜔)
* shrug; movement of one's shoulders (to show disregard, indifference, contempt, doubt, etc.)

##### Derived terms

* kibit-balikat
* kibitan
* magkibit
* magkibit-balikat

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

kibít (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜒᜊᜒᜆ᜔)
* jerk made by a fish bite on the bait of a fishline

##### See also

* baltak
* kagat
* kibkib
* ngibit
* tantang

### Further reading

* “kibit”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# ácido fumárico
## Spanish
### Noun

ácido fumárico m (plural ácidos fumáricos)
* fumaric acid

#### Related terms

* fumarato
* fumárico