OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chinese mestizo
## English
### Alternative forms

* Chinese Mestizo

### Etymology

See Chinese +‎ mestizo (“mixed”). Calque of Spanish mestizo chino or mestizo de sangley.

### Pronunciation

* (Philippines) IPA: /ˌt͡ʃaɪ̯.n̪ɪs mɛsˈt̪iː.zo/

### Noun

Chinese mestizo (plural Chinese mestizos)
* (Philippines, historical) A person of mixed ethnic Chinese Filipino and Austronesian Filipino ancestry.
    Synonym: Mestizo de Sangley
    Coordinate term: Chinese mestiza (female)

#### Related terms

* Chinese Filipino
* Chinese mestiza
* mestiza
* Mestiza de Español
* mestizo
* Mestizo de Español
* Mestizo de Sangley
* Spanish mestiza
* Spanish mestizo
# carbonizar
## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kaʁ.bo.niˈza(ʁ)/ [kaɦ.bo.niˈza(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /kaʁ.bo.niˈza(ʁ)/ [kaɦ.bo.niˈza(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /kaɾ.bo.niˈza(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /kaʁ.bo.niˈza(ʁ)/ [kaʁ.bo.niˈza(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /kaɻ.bo.niˈza(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐɾ.bu.niˈzaɾ/ [kɐɾ.βu.niˈzaɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɐɾ.bu.niˈzaɾ/ [kɐɾ.βu.niˈzaɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /kɐɾ.bu.niˈza.ɾi/ [kɐɾ.βu.niˈza.ɾi]

### Verb

carbonizar (first-person singular present carbonizo, first-person singular preterite carbonizei, past participle carbonizado)
* to char (to burn something to charcoal)
* (by extension) to burn completely
** 1957, “Apresentação de Paulo Roberto”, performed by Orquestra Afro-Brasileira:Onde o sol queimou a pele dos homens Até carbonizá-la em negroWhere the sun burnt the skin of men Until charring it black

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

## Spanish
### Etymology

From carbón +‎ -izar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /kaɾboniˈθaɾ/ [kaɾ.β̞o.niˈθaɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /kaɾboniˈsaɾ/ [kaɾ.β̞o.niˈsaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: car‧bo‧ni‧zar

### Verb

carbonizar (first-person singular present carbonizo, first-person singular preterite carbonicé, past participle carbonizado)
* (transitive) to carbonize
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 316:Tostando una golondrina viva hasta carbonizarla y reduciéndola a polvo(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* carbonización

### Further reading

* “carbonizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# repulgo
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /reˈpulɡo/ [reˈpul.ɣ̞o]
* Rhymes: -ulɡo
* Syllabification: re‧pul‧go

### Noun

repulgo m (plural repulgos)
* fold on the edge of clothing

#### Related terms

* repulgar

### Further reading

* “repulgo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# 𗊰

| 𗊰 | U+172B0, &#94896; TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-172B0 |
| ← 𗊯 [U+172AF] | Tangut | 𗊱 → [U+172B1] |

## Tangut
### Pronunciation

* (Li Fanwen 2008): *lju²
* (Miyake 2019): *²lu₃
* (Kychanov 2006): *li̯wu²
* (Sofronov 1968): *li̭wu²
* (Nishida 1966): *lǐu²

### Definitions

𗊰 (radical 𘠣+7, 9 strokes, composition ⿲𘠣𘠁𘧃)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Compounds

* 𗊰𗞙 (*lju² tjwij¹)
* 𗊰𗢛 (*lju² ꞏju¹)
* 𗊰𗵫 (*lju² gjịj¹)

### References

* 𗙏𘙰 [*ɣiẹ² lew², Tóngyīn / Homophones] (in Tangut), 12th c.:
   * A edition: folio 50A, column 1, character 8
   * B edition: folio 50A, column 7, character 7
* Li Fanwen (2012) 簡明夏漢字典 [Concise Xia-Han Dictionary] (in Chinese), revised edition, character 3047
* Miyake, Marc (2019) “Tangut Phonetic Database 4.0”, in amritas.com
* Kychanov, Yevgeny (2006) Словарь тангутского (Си Ся) языка [Slovarʹ tangutskovo (Si Sja) jazyka, Dictionary of the Tangut (Xi Xia) Language] (in Russian), character 3305-0
* Sofronov, Mikhail Viktorovich (1968) Грамматика тангутского языка [Grammatika tangutskovo jazyka, Grammar of the Tangut Language] (in Russian), character 4184
* Nishida, Tatsuo (1966) 西夏文小字典 [Little Dictionary of Tangut] (in Japanese), character 181-075
# dextrous
## English
### Etymology

See dexterous.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛkstɹəs

### Adjective

dextrous (comparative more dextrous, superlative most dextrous)
* (chiefly UK) Alternative spelling of dexterous.
** 1754, Sarah Fielding, Jane Collier, The Cry: A New Dramatic Fable, volume 1, page 189:The man, who with his right hand (or indeed with either, hand that by habit is the moſt dextrous) endeavours to help and aſſiſt another, exerts his whole ſtrength, and is generally enabled to compaſs his friendly deſign; or if a blow is neceſſary to be given, the dextrous hand hits the desired mark, and gives juſt the force deſigned; whereas a blow given through paſſion, with the aukwardneſs of a weak-handed ſtroke, may beat out an eye, flatten a noſe, or indeed aiming at an enemy may ſometimes hit a friend.
** 1788, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume 5, page 471:Yet the ſubjects of the Byzantine empire were ſtill the moſt dextrous and diligent of nations;
** 1979, Donald E. Worcester, The Apaches: Eagles of the Southwest, University of Oklahoma Press, page 53:" […] She was renowned as one of the most dextrous horse thieves and horse breakers in the tribe, and seldom permitted an expedition to go on a raid without her presence. The translation of her Apache title was ‘Dextrous Horse Thief’."
** 1992, Richard A. Gabriel, The Culture of War: Invention and Early Development, Greenwood Publishing Group, page 1:Its fingers are longer, more flexible, and more dextrous than those of monkeys and can be moved individually.

#### Derived terms

* dextrously
* dextrousness
* indextrous
# corruptive
## English
### Etymology

From corrupt +‎ -ive.

### Adjective

corruptive (comparative more corruptive, superlative most corruptive)
* Tending to corrupt.
** 1274, St. Thomas Aquinas, The Summa Theologica of St. Thomas Aquinas‎, Benziger Brothers, page 915:The sensitive appetite is one generic power, and is called sensuality; but it is divided into two powers, which are species of the sensitive appetite---the irascible and the concupiscible. In order to make this clear, we must observe that in natural corruptible things there is needed an inclination not only to the acquisition of what is suitable and to the avoiding of what is harmful, but also to resistance against corruptive and contrary agencies which are a hindrance to the acquisition of what is suitable, and are productive of harm. For example, fire has a natural inclination, not only to rise from a lower position, which is unsuitable to it, towards a higher position which is suitable, but also to resist whatever destroys or hinders its action.
** 1675, William Bates, The Harmony of the Divine Attributes‎, page 188:And as the body shall be spiritual, so truly immortal, and free from all corruptive change; as the Sun which for so many ages hath shined with an equal brightness to the World, and hath a durable fulness of light in it.
** 1928, The North American Review Volume CCXXVI‎, O. Everett, →ISBN, page 67:So the exotic writer of Modernia prepares a reeking corruptive dish for his readers, o.r else an anaesthetic concocted from the malodorous flowers of the night.
** 2007 January 28, Dorothy Samuels, “The George W. Bush Library: Scholarly Mecca or $500 Million Oxymoron?”, in New York Times‎:Following the corruptive path blazed by White House predecessors, Mr. Bush and members of his library committee apparently plan to spend the administration’s remaining days trying to coax huge contributions to the budding library complex from friends and well-heeled special interests.

#### Derived terms

* corruptively
* uncorruptive

#### Translations
## Latin
### Adjective

corruptīve
* vocative masculine singular of corruptīvus
# bounder
## English
### Alternative forms

* boundure

### Etymology

From bound +‎ -er. In the case of 2. below from the Hindi word "bandar" meaning a monkey, via Anglo-Indian.

### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aʊndə(ɹ)

### Noun

bounder (plural bounders)
* Something that bounds or jumps.
* (UK, dated) A dishonourable man; a cad.
* A social climber.
* That which limits; a boundary.
** 1638 Martin Fotherby (Iacob Blome: London) Atheomastix p.269:
    Let the mountaine Pyrenaeus diuide the French, and Spaniards: and the wildernesse of Sand the Aethiopians, from Aegyptians. And in like manner also be all other Kingdomes: they are bound within their bounders, as it were in bands; and shut-vp within their limits, as it were in prison.
* (UK, obsolete, colloquial) A four-wheeled type of dogcart or cabriolet

#### Derived terms

* bounderish
* bounderism
* boundling

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* rebound, unbored, unrobed
# závaží
## Czech
### Etymology

From za- +‎ váha +‎ -í.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzaːvaʒiː]

### Noun

závaží n
* weight (object used to make something heavier)

#### Related terms

* závažný

### Further reading

* “závaží”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “závaží”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “závaží”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# ക്രിസ്തു
## Malayalam
### Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese cristo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /krist̪u/

### Proper noun

ക്രിസ്തു • (kristu)
* (Christianity) Christ
    Synonyms: കർത്താവ് (kaṟttāvŭ), യേശു (yēśu), ജീസസ് (jīsasŭ), ഈശോ (īśō), യേശുക്രിസ്തു (yēśukristu), മിശിഹാ (miśihā)

#### Derived terms

* ക്രിസ്തുമതം (kristumataṁ)
* ക്രിസ്തുസഭ (kristusabha)
* ക്രിസ്ത്യൻ (kristyaṉ)
* ക്രിസ്ത്വബ്ദം (kristvabdaṁ)
* യേശുക്രിസ്തു (yēśukristu)
# palaban
## Tagalog
### Etymology

From pa- +‎ laban.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /palaˈban/ [pɐ.lɐˈban̪]
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: pa‧la‧ban

### Adjective

palabán (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜎᜊᜈ᜔) (informal)
* feisty; belligerent
* competitive

#### Related terms

* labanan
* lumaban
* paglaban

#### See also

* palaaway

### Anagrams

* panlaba
# zgarbić
## Polish
### Etymology

From z- +‎ garbić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzɡar.bit͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -arbit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: zgar‧bić

### Verb

zgarbić pf (imperfective garbić)
* (transitive) to hump, to hunch (to bend something into a hump)
    Synonym: zgiąć
* (reflexive with się, of a person) to hunch (to bend the top of one's body forward while raising one's shoulders)
    Synonym: pochylić się
* (reflexive with się, of the back) to become humped
    Synonym: zgiąć się

#### Derived terms

* zgarbiony
* zgarbienie

#### Related terms

* garbaty
* pogarbiony
* garbacizna
* garbus
* garbacieć
* pogarbić

### Further reading

* zgarbić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* zgarbić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# drite
## English
### Alternative forms

* dryte (15 th–17 th centuries), drytt (15 th–16 th centuries)

### Etymology

From Middle English driten, from Old English *drītan, from Proto-West Germanic *drītan, from Proto-Germanic *drītaną. Cognate with Dutch drijten, Old Norse dríta, Norwegian drite, and Low German drieten; compare English dirt, Scots drite, and Middle English drit.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) enPR: drīt, IPA: /dɹaɪt/
* Rhymes: -aɪt

### Verb

drite (third-person singular simple present drites, present participle driting, simple past drote or drate or drit, past participle dritten)
* (intransitive, obsolete except in dialects) To defecate.

#### Synonyms

* (to shit): See Thesaurus:defecate

#### Derived terms

* bedrite

### References

* “drite, v.” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [2nd Ed.; 1989]

### Anagrams

* tried, tider, tride, tired

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Old Norse dríta, from Proto-Germanic *drītaną.

### Verb

drite (imperative drit, present tense driter, passive drites, simple past dret or dreit, past participle dritet or dritt)
* to defecate

### References

* “drite” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1

From the verb drita from Old Norse dríta.

#### Alternative forms

* drita, dritu (unofficial)
* dreta, dreda, dretu, drytu (dialectal)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²drɪːtə/, /²drɪtə/

#### Noun

drite f (definite singular drita, indefinite plural driter, definite plural dritene)
* diarrhoea (UK) or diarrhea (US)
    Synonyms: skite, diaré
* faeces
    Synonyms: drit, skit, skarn, frau, hevd, møk

##### Derived terms

* rennedrite
* dritereig
* haredrite

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

drite (present tense drit, past tense dreit, supine drite, past participle driten, present participle dritande, imperative drit)
* Alternative form of drita (“defecate”)

## Slovene
### Verb

drite
* second-person plural imperative of dreti

## Venetan
### Adjective

drite f
* feminine plural of drito
# monopolizar
## Galician
### Etymology

From monopolio +‎ -izar.

### Verb

monopolizar (first-person singular present monopolizo, first-person singular preterite monopolicei, past participle monopolizado) monopolizar (first-person singular present monopolizo, first-person singular preterite monopolizei, past participle monopolizado, reintegrationist norm)
* to monopolize/monopolise (to have a monopoly)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Derived terms

* monopolio

#### Related terms

* monopolización

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From monopólio +‎ -izar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /mo.no.po.liˈza(ʁ)/ [mo.no.po.liˈza(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /mo.no.po.liˈza(ʁ)/ [mo.no.po.liˈza(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /mo.no.po.liˈza(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /mo.no.po.liˈza(ʁ)/ [mo.no.po.liˈza(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /mo.no.po.liˈza(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mu.nu.pu.liˈzaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mu.nu.pu.liˈzaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /mu.nu.pu.liˈza.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: mo‧no‧po‧li‧zar

### Verb

monopolizar (first-person singular present monopolizo, first-person singular preterite monopolizei, past participle monopolizado)
* to monopolize/monopolise (to have a monopoly)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Derived terms

* monopolio

#### Related terms

* monopolização

## Spanish
### Etymology

From monopolio +‎ -izar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /monopoliˈθaɾ/ [mo.no.po.liˈθaɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /monopoliˈsaɾ/ [mo.no.po.liˈsaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: mo‧no‧po‧li‧zar

### Verb

monopolizar (first-person singular present monopolizo, first-person singular preterite monopolicé, past participle monopolizado)
* (transitive) to monopolize/monopolise

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* monopolización
* monopolizador

### Further reading

* “monopolizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# pobožný
## Czech
### Etymology

From po- +‎ bůh +‎ -ný.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpoboʒniː]

### Adjective

pobožný (comparative pobožnější, superlative nejpobožnější, adverb pobožně)
* pious, religious, devout

#### Related terms

* pobožnost
* pobožnůstkář
* pobožnůstkářský
* pobožnůstkářství

### Further reading

* “pobožný”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “pobožný”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “pobožný”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# guerra mundial
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Calque of German Weltkrieg.

### Noun

guerra mundial f (plural guerras mundiais)
* world war

#### Derived terms

* primeira guerra mundial
* segunda guerra mundial
* terceira guerra mundial

## Spanish
### Noun

guerra mundial f (plural guerras mundiales)
* world war

#### Derived terms

* Primera Guerra Mundial
* Segunda Guerra Mundial
* Tercera Guerra Mundial
# gotten a leg up
## English
### Verb

gotten a leg up
* past participle of get a leg up
# revokace
## Czech
### Etymology

From Latin revocō +‎ -ace.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrɛvokat͡sɛ]

### Noun

revokace f
* revocation

#### Related terms

* revokovat

### Further reading

* “revokace”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “revokace”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “revokace”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# zběsilý
## Czech
### Etymology

From z- +‎ běs +‎ -lý.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzbjɛsɪliː]

### Adjective

zběsilý (comparative zběsilejší, superlative nejzběsilejší)
* furious, infuriated

#### Related terms

* zběsile
* zběsilec
* zběsilost

### Further reading

* “zběsilý”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “zběsilý”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “zběsilý”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# prorratear
## Spanish
### Etymology

From prorrata +‎ -ear.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɾorateˈaɾ/ [pɾo.ra.t̪eˈaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: pro‧rra‧te‧ar

### Verb

prorratear (first-person singular present prorrateo, first-person singular preterite prorrateé, past participle prorrateado)
* to prorate

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* prorrateo

### Further reading

* “prorratear”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# przywara
## Old Polish
### Etymology

Deverbal from przywrzeć. First attested in 1466.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /pr̝ivara/
* IPA: (15th CE) /pr̝ivara/

### Noun

przywara f
* particles of food stuck to the sides of a vessel after cooking; fried piece of bacon
** 1874-1891 [1471], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎, volume XXIV, page 379:Cremium, przywara, a cremo[Cremium, przywara, a cremo]
* (attested in Masovia, Greater Poland) flaw, vice, fault, shortcoming
** 1874-1891 [1466], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎, volume XXV, Radom, Miłosław, page 136:Si mater bibula et libenter Bachum adorat, post modum filia multrale adorabit, bo ta przywara ku czorkam przywyra, que fit apud matres ipsarum[Si mater bibula et libenter Bachum adorat, post modum filia multrale adorabit, bo ta przywara ku corkam przywira, que fit apud matres ipsarum]

#### Descendants

* Polish: przywara

### References

* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “przywara”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* przywar (archaic)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish przywara. By surface analysis, deverbal from przywrzeć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɘˈva.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: przy‧wa‧ra

### Noun

przywara f
* flaw, vice, fault, shortcoming

#### Related terms

* przywra
* przywierać impf

### Further reading

* przywara in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* przywara in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Chaldej
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈxaldɛj]

### Noun

Chaldej m anim
* Chaldean (person)
    Synonym: Chaldejec

#### Related terms

* Chaldea

### Further reading

* “Chaldej”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “Chaldej”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# constructional
## English
### Etymology

From construction +‎ -al.

### Adjective

constructional (comparative more constructional, superlative most constructional)
* Of, pertaining to, or obtained by construction.
** 1862, Alexander Penrose Forbes, Sermons on the grace of God and other cognate subjects:What mortal conception of constructional power and grace can equal the gothic cathedral of the middle age, in which we see a proportion and a delicacy . . .
** 1869 The Universal Decorator
    No other constructional features projecting from the walls occur in any of these buildings, with the single exception of buttresses
** 1941 March, “Notes and News: Modernising a Main Line”, in Railway Magazine, page 133:To keep constructional costs to a minimum track formations were narrower than is now customary, many tunnels were unlined, timber was largely used for bridging, and 85 lb. per yd. rails were regarded as adequate.
** 1959 March, “The 2,500 h.p. electric locomotives for the Kent Coast electrification”, in Trains Illustrated, page 125:The bodywork employs, where possible, the same constructional methods as for the standard B.R. coaching stock, in order to utilise existing jigs and press tools.
** 1961 October, ""Voyageur"", “The Cockermouth, Keswick & Penrith Railway”, in Trains Illustrated, page 598:After some quite speedy constructional work the line was opened to traffic on January 2, 1865.
** 1971, Gwen White, Antique Toys And Their Background, page 144:Between 1820 and 1849, wooden toys were made in Pennsylvania by Asa Crandall, the father of Charles M. Crandall who made games, picture blocks and puzzles such as 'Pigs in Clover'. It was Charles M. Crandall who made the constructional game of acrobats, ,the limbs fitting together with grooves and the parts painted.

#### Derived terms

* constructionally

### References

* “constructional”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
# napínat
## Czech
### Etymology

From napnout +‎ -at.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnapiːnat]

### Verb

napínat impf (perfective napnout)
* (transitive) to tighten
* (transitive) to strain, to exert

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | napínat, napínati | Active adjective | napínající |
| Verbal noun | napínání | Passive adjective | napínaný |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | napínám | napínáme | — | napínejme |
| 2nd person | napínáš | napínáte | napínej | napínejte |
| 3rd person | napíná | napínají | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive napínat.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | napínal | napínali | napínán | napínáni |
| masculine inanimate | napínal | napínaly | napínán | napínány |
| feminine | napínala | napínaly | napínána | napínány |
| neuter | napínalo | napínala | napínáno | napínána |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | napínaje | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | napínajíc | — |
| plural | napínajíce | — |

#### Derived terms

* napínací
* napínač
* napínadlo
* napínavý
* napínání

### Further reading

* “napínati”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “napínati”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “napínat”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)