# servio
## Latin
### Etymology

From servus (“slave, servant”) +‎ -iō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈser.u̯i.oː/, [ˈs̠ɛru̯ioː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈser.vi.o/, [ˈsɛrvio]

### Verb

serviō (present infinitive servīre, perfect active servīvī or serviī, supine servītum); fourth conjugation, impersonal in the passive
* to be a slave to; to serve [with dative]
    Synonyms: oboediō, appāreō
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.103-104:“[...] Liceat Phrygiō servīre marītō, dōtālīsque tuae Tyriōs permittere dextrae.”“[This arrangement will] permit [Dido] to be enslaved to her Phrygian husband [Aeneas], and — as her dowry — to surrender the Tyrians into your hands.” (Juno mocks Dido and insults Venus’s son, Aeneas, yet tries to tempt Venus with shared dominion over Carthage.)
** Seneca Minor, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, Epistula XCII
    Nemo liber est qui corpori servit.
       No one is free who is a slave to his body.
* to be devoted to, subject to [with dative]
    Synonyms: dēdō, studeō
* to have respect to, regard or care for, consult
    Synonyms: cōnsulō, cūrō, accūrō, cōnsultō, colō, respiciō
* to aim at
    Synonyms: tendō, intendō, spectō, quaerō, affectō

#### Conjugation

The only passive forms found for this verb are third-person singular.

#### Related terms

* asserviō
* dēserviō
* īnserviō
* praeserviō
* servīlē
* servīlis
* servīliter
* servitium
* servītor
* servitrītius
* servitūdō
* servitūs
* servulus
* servus
* subserviō

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Megleno-Romanian: sirbes, sirbiri
** Old Romanian: șerbi
** → Albanian: shërbej
* Italo-Romance:
** Italian: servire
** Sicilian: sèrbiri
* Padanian:
** Friulian: servî
** Ligurian: servî
** Lombard: servir
** Piedmontese: serve, servì
** Romansch: servir, survir, sarvir, sarveir
** Venetan: servir
* Gallo-Romance:
** Aragonese: servir
** Catalan: servir
** Franco-Provençal: servir
** Old French: servir
*** Middle French: servir
**** → English: serve
**** French: servir
***** German: servieren
****** Norwegian Bokmål: servere
*** Walloon: siervi
** Old Occitan: servir
*** Occitan: servir
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: sirvir, servir
** Old Galician-Portuguese: servir
*** Fala: servil
*** Galician: servir
*** Portuguese: servir
**** → Hunsrik: sërviere
** Spanish: servir
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: selvire, serbire, serbiri, servire, serviri

### See also

* servō

### References

* “servio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “servio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* servio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to accommodate oneself to circumstances: tempori servire, cedere to look after, guard a person's interests, welfare: commodis alicuius servire to have regard for one's good name: famae servire, consulere to be the slave of one's desires: cupiditatibus servire, pārēre to be careful of one's dignity: dignitati suae servire, consulere (ambiguous) to examine slaves by torture: de servis quaerere (in dominum)