OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# trucker
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈtɹʌkə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈtɹʌkɚ/
* Rhymes: -ʌkə(ɹ)

### Etymology 1

From Middle English *trukere (“one who disappoints, a deceiver”), from Middle English trukien (“to fail, run out, disappoint”), equivalent to truck (“to fail”) +‎ -er (agent noun suffix). Compare trooker.

#### Alternative forms

* truker, trukker, trucour, truiker, treukour (Scotland)

#### Noun

trucker (plural truckers)
* (derogatory, UK dialectal) One who has done something offensive; a deceitful, dishonest, or disreputable person; a deceiver; a cheat.
* (derogatory, UK dialectal, Scotland) A rogue; rascal; miscreant; a ne'er-do-well.

##### Related terms

* trucky

#### Adjective

trucker (comparative more trucker, superlative most trucker)
* (derogatory, UK dialectal, Scotland) Dishonest; resulting from or inspired by dishonesty.

### Etymology 2

From truck (“a vehicle”) +‎ -er (occupational suffix).

#### Noun

trucker (plural truckers)
* (US, Canada, informal) A truck driver.
** 1975, “Convoy”, in C.W. McCall, Chip Davis (lyrics), Black Bear Road, performed by C. W. McCall:I says, "Pig Pen, this here's the Rubber Duck We just ain't a-gonna pay no toll." So we crashed the gate doing ninety-eight. I says "Let them truckers roll, 10-4!"
** 2020 September 24, Alex Williams, “The Ugly (and Glorious) Truth About American Supermarkets”, in New York Times‎:Because of deregulation and the drive to lower costs, Mr. Lorr said, truckers are now regarded by many companies as just another replaceable part. Some can barely eke out a living.

##### Synonyms

* (Australia, New Zealand) truckie (truck driver)

##### Derived terms

* trucker bomb
* trucker hat

##### Translations
### Etymology 3

From truck (“to barter, trade”) +‎ -er (agent noun suffix).

#### Noun

trucker (plural truckers)
* (archaic or dialectal) One who trucks or trafficks, by trade of goods; a trafficker.
** 1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:No man having ever yet driven a saving bargain with this great trucker for souls.

## Dutch
### Etymology

From English trucker.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: truc‧ker
* Rhymes: -ʏkər

### Noun

trucker m (plural truckers, diminutive truckertje n)
* trucker (truck driver)

#### Synonyms

* truckbestuurder
* vrachtwagenchauffeur
# run and gunned
## English
### Verb

run and gunned
* past participle of run and gun
# adoquín
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Andalusian Arabic الدُّكَّان (ad-dukkán, ad-dukkín), from Arabic دُكَّان (dukkān).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /adoˈkin/ [a.ð̞oˈkĩn]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -in
* Syllabification: a‧do‧quín

### Noun

adoquín m (plural adoquines)
* paving stone, flagstone, cobblestone
* (colloquial) idiot, blockhead

#### Derived terms

* adoquinar

### Further reading

* “adoquín”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# skoolata
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Swedish skåla.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈskoːlɑtɑˣ/, [ˈs̠ko̞ːlɑ̝t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -oːlɑtɑ
* Hyphenation: skoo‧la‧ta

### Verb

skoolata
* To toast (to salute and raise glasses before drinking).

#### Synonyms

* esittää malja
* juoda malja
* kilistää
* kohottaa malja
* nostaa malja

#### Derived terms

* skoolaaminen
* skoolaus

#### Related terms

* skool

#### See also

* kippis

### Further reading

* “skoolata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# Sualannach
## Irish
### Etymology

From An tSualainn (“Sweden”) +‎ -ach (adjectival suffix).

### Adjective

Sualannach (genitive singular masculine Sualannaigh, genitive singular feminine Sualannaí, plural Sualannacha, not comparable)
* Swedish

#### Related terms

* Ríocht na Sualainne f (“the Kingdom of Sweden”)
* Sualainnis f (“the Swedish language”)

### Noun

Sualannach m (genitive singular Sualannaigh, nominative plural Sualannaigh)
* Swede (Swedish person)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
Sualannach
Sualannaigh
vocative
a Shualannaigh
a Shualannacha
genitive
Sualannaigh
Sualannach
dative
Sualannach
Sualannaigh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an Sualannach
na Sualannaigh
genitive
an tSualannaigh
na Sualannach
dative
leis an Sualannach don Sualannach
leis na Sualannaigh :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “Sualannach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “Sualannach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “Sualannach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
# Petersburg
## English
### Etymology

From Peter +‎ -s- or Peters (surname) +‎ -burg. Doublet of Peterborough.

### Proper noun

Petersburg
* An independent city in Virginia, United States.
* Various other towns and cities, including:
** A census-designated place, the borough seat of Petersburg Borough, Alaska.
** A city, the county seat of Menard County, Illinois.
** A city, the county seat of Pike County, Indiana.
** A small city in Monroe County, Michigan.
** A small city in Nelson County, North Dakota.
** A borough in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania.
** A town in Lincoln County and Marshall County, Tennessee.
** A small city in Hale County, Texas.
** A city, the county seat of Grant County, West Virginia.
* A campaign in the American Civil War.
* Alternative form of Saint Petersburg, a federal city of Russia, formerly Leningrad.

#### Derived terms

* Petersburg Borough

#### See also

* Petersburgh
* Saint Petersburg
* St. Petersburg

## Dutch
### Etymology

First attested as Petersburg in 1899. Named after Saint Petersburg in Russia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpeː.tərsˌbʏrx/
* Hyphenation: Pe‧ters‧burg

### Proper noun

Petersburg n
* A hamlet in Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands

### References

* van Berkel, Gerard, Samplonius, Kees (2018) Nederlandse plaatsnamen verklaard (in Dutch), Mijnbestseller.nl, →ISBN

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian Петербу́рг (Peterbúrg).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɛ.tɛrz.burk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛtɛrzburk
* Syllabification: Pe‧ters‧burg

### Proper noun

Petersburg m inan
* Saint Petersburg (a federal city of Russia)
    Synonym: Sankt Petersburg

#### Derived terms

* petersburski
* petersburżanin
* petersburżanka

### Further reading

* Petersburg in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* Petersburg in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# zaduszki
## Polish
### Etymology

From za duszę +‎ ki.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaˈduʂ.ki/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uʂki
* Syllabification: za‧dusz‧ki
* Homophone: Zaduszki

### Noun

zaduszki nvir pl
* zaduszki (Slavic harvest festival)
* zaduszki (event of an artistic, prayerful, or memorial nature organized around the feast of All Souls)

#### Derived terms

* zaduszkowy
* zaduszny
* Zaduszki

### Further reading

* zaduszki in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* zaduszki in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# crédito
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian credito, or Latin creditum (“a loan, credit”), neuter of creditus, past participe of credere (“to believe”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈkɾɛ.d͡ʒi.tu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈkɾɛ.d͡ʒi.tu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈkɾɛ.d͡ʒi.to/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈkɾɛ.di.tu/ [ˈkɾɛ.ði.tu]
* Hyphenation: cré‧di‧to

### Noun

crédito m (plural créditos)
* credit

### References

* ↑ “crédito”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin creditum (“a loan, credit”), neuter of creditus, past participe of credere (“to believe”) (or possibly through the intermediate of Italian credito, especially in the case of the financial/mercantile sense). Doublet of creído.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɾedito/ [ˈkɾe.ð̞i.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -edito
* Syllabification: cré‧di‧to

### Noun

crédito m (plural créditos)
* (finance) credit
    Antonym: débito

#### Derived terms

* a crédito
* acreditar
* crédito público
* dar crédito
* entidad de crédito
* línea de crédito
* riesgo de crédito
* tarjeta de crédito
* títulos de crédito
* tramitar crédito
* transferencia de crédito

#### Related terms

* acreer
* credibilidad
* crediticio
* creer

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “crédito”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

### Further reading

* “crédito”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* cerdito
* directo
# ꓐꓳꓼ ꓡꓳꓺ
## Lisu
### Noun

ꓐꓳꓼ ꓡꓳꓺ (bò̱ lo̱)
* ground-dweller, (any creature which lives on the ground)

#### Derived terms

* ꓐꓳꓼ ꓡꓳꓺ ꓐꓬꓱꓻ (bò̱ lo̱ bjø)
* ꓐꓳꓼ ꓡꓳꓺ ꓑꓱꓻ (bò̱ lo̱ pø)
* ꓐꓳꓼ ꓡꓳꓺ ꓫꓲꓺ (bò̱ lo̱ ʃi̱)
# dmj
## Egyptian
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /ˈtʼiːmVɾ/ → /ˈtʼiːmVʔ/ → /ˈtʼiːma/ → /ˈtʼiːmə/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ˈtʼiːmVɾ/
    where V represents an unknown short vowel.
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /ˈtʼiːmVʔ/
    where V represents an unknown short vowel.
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /ˈtʼiːma/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /ˈtʼiːmə/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /dɛmi/
** Conventional anglicization: demi

#### Noun

m
* harbor, mooring
** c. 1859 BCE – 1800 BCE, The Eloquent Peasant, version B2 (pAmherst 2 and pBerlin 3025) lines 101–103: jr sqdd ẖr.f nj sꜣḥ.n.f tꜣ nj mjn.n dpwt.f r dmj.sAs for him who sails with it, he cannot set foot on land, and his boat cannot moor at its harbor.
* locality, quarter, town
** c. 1944 BCE, (year 17 of the reign of Senusret I), Stela of Mentuwoser (MMA 12.184), lines 11–12:
    nj sḏr z ḥqr.w r dmj.jNo one went to bed hungry in my district.
* dry land, ground not covered by water [Greco-Roman Period]

##### Alternative forms

| dmj | dmj |

##### Derived terms

* spr r dmj

##### Descendants

* Demotic: tmj
** Akhmimic Coptic: ϯⲙⲉ (time)
** Bohairic Coptic: ϯⲙⲓ (timi), ⲧⲓⲙⲓ (timi)
** Fayyumic Coptic: ϯⲙⲓ (timi), ⲧⲓⲙⲓ (timi)
** Lycopolitan Coptic: ϯⲙⲉ (time)
** Sahidic Coptic: ϯⲙⲉ (time), ⲧⲓⲙⲉ (time)
* ⇒? Coptic: ⲧⲁⲙⲓⲁϯ (tamiati)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /dɛmi/
** Conventional anglicization: demi

#### Verb

3-lit.
* (transitive) to touch
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 136–138: wn.k(w) r.f dmꜣ.kw ḥr ẖt.j dmj.n.j zꜣtw m bꜣḥ.fAt that I was stretched out on my belly, having touched the ground before him,
* (transitive) to reach (a place)
* (transitive) to join with, to attach oneself to (someone) [New Kingdom]
* (transitive) to take part in (jubilation) [New Kingdom]
* (transitive) to salve (+ n: someone) with (a salve) [19th Dynasty]

##### Alternative forms

| dmj | dmj |

##### Derived terms

* sdmj

##### Descendants

* Akhmimic Coptic: ⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉ (toume)
* Bohairic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲙⲓ (tōmi), ⲧⲟⲙ- (tom-), ⲧⲉⲙ- (tem-), ⲧⲟⲙ⸗ (tom⸗)
* Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲱⲙⲉ (tōōme), ⲧⲱⲙⲉ (tōme)

### References

* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 453.6–455.3, 455.5–456.7
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 313
* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 118, 156, 271, 274, 473.
* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) “ϯⲙⲉ”, in Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
* ↑ Osing, Jürgen (1976) Die Nominalbildung des Ägyptischen, Mainz/Rhein: von Zabern, →ISBN, pages 415, 468, 754
# Béalgrád
## Irish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Proper noun

Béalgrád m (genitive Bhéalgrád)
* Belgrade (the capital city of Serbia)

#### See also

* An tSeirbia f (“Serbia”)
* Poblacht na Seirbia f (“Republic of Serbia”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* “Belgrade”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
# lambrekin
## English
### Noun

lambrekin (plural lambrekins)
* Alternative form of lambrequin
** 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter XII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:So, after a spell, he decided to make the best of it and shoved us into the front parlor. 'Twas a dismal sort of place, with hair wreaths, and wax fruit, and tin lambrekins, and land knows what all.

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French lambrequin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lamˈbrɛ.kin/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛkin
* Syllabification: lam‧bre‧kin

### Noun

lambrekin m inan
* lambrequin (short decorative drapery for a shelf edge or for the top of a window casing)
* lambrequin (scarf or other piece of material used as a covering for a helmet)
* (heraldry) lambrequin (heraldic representation of such an item, typically with one end pendant)

#### Derived terms

* lambrekinowy

### Further reading

* lambrekin in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* lambrekin in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# čím
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃiːm]
* Rhymes: -iːm

### Pronoun

čím
* instrumental of co
    S čím jsi to udělal? ― What did you do that with?

### Determiner

čím
* inflection of čí:
** locative/instrumental masculine/neuter singular
** dative plural
    S čím názorem souhlasíte? ― Whose opinion do you agree with?

### Adverb

čím
* (in comparison) the... the...
    Čím dříve, tím lépe. ― The sooner the better.

### Derived terms

* čímž

### Related terms

* něčím
* ničím

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃiːm/

### Pronoun

čím
* instrumental of čo

### Pronoun

čím
* masculine instrumental singular of čí
* neuter instrumental singular of čí
* dative plural of čí
# vellut
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin villūtus, derived from Latin villus (“tuft of hair”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [bəˈʎut]
* IPA: (Balearic) [vəˈʎut]
* IPA: (Valencia) [veˈʎut]
* Audio (Barcelona):(file)

### Noun

vellut m (plural velluts)
* velvet
* (in the plural) edible amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor)

#### Derived terms

* ull de vellut
* vellutat
* vellutejar
* velluter
* vellutet

### Further reading

* “vellut” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “vellut”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “vellut” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “vellut” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
# adekwacja
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* adekwacya (pre-reform orthography (1936))

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin adaequātiō. First attested in 1661–1673, but in common usage only as of 1902.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.dɛˈkfa.t͡sja/
* Rhymes: -at͡sja
* Syllabification: a‧de‧kwa‧cja

### Noun

adekwacja f
* (literary) equality
    Synonym: równość
    adekwacja polityczna ― political equality

#### Related terms

* adekwatny
* adekwatnie
* adekwatność

### References

* ↑ Marek Kunicki-Goldfinger (21.11.2019) “ADEKWACJA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
* ↑ Kazimierz Wais (1902) Psychologia‎ (in Polish), volume 1, page 15

### Further reading

* adekwacja in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# Portaingéalach
## Irish
### Etymology

From An Phortaingéil (“Portugal”) +‎ -ach (adjectival suffix).

### Adjective

Portaingéalach (genitive singular masculine Portaingéalaigh, genitive singular feminine Portaingéalaí, plural Portaingéalacha, not comparable)
* Portuguese

#### Declension

$^1$ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. $^2$ When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

#### Related terms

* Poblacht na Portaingéile (“the Republic of Portugal”)
* Portaingéilis (“the Portuguese language”)

### Noun

Portaingéalach m (genitive singular Portaingéalaigh, nominative plural Portaingéalaigh)
* Portuguese person

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
Portaingéalach
Portaingéalaigh
vocative
a Phortaingéalaigh
a Phortaingéalacha
genitive
Portaingéalaigh
Portaingéalach
dative
Portaingéalach
Portaingéalaigh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an Portaingéalach
na Portaingéalaigh
genitive
an Phortaingéalaigh
na bPortaingéalach
dative
leis an bPortaingéalach don Phortaingéalach
leis na Portaingéalaigh :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “Portaingéalach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “Portaingéalach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “Portaingéalach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
# čiuožykla
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From čiuõžti (“to skate, to slide”) +‎ -yklà (location suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃʲu̟ɔʒʲiːˈklɐ]
* Hyphenation: čiuo‧žyk‧la

### Noun

čiuožyklà f (plural čiuožỹklos) stress pattern 2
* ice rink, skating rink (frozen surface for ice skating)
* slide, slider (item of play equipment)

#### Related terms

* čiuožė́jas
* čiuožinė́ti
* čiuožỹnė
* čiuožìkas
* čiuožìmas
* čiuõžti

### Further reading

* “čiuožykla”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
* “čiuožykla”, in Bendrinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of common Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, n.d.
* “čiuožykla”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2025
* čiuožykla, entry by Stanislovas Stonkus, in Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (Universal Lithuanian Encyclopedia)
# zbałwanić
## Polish
### Etymology

From z- +‎ bałwanić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zbawˈva.ɲit͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -aɲit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: zbał‧wa‧nić

### Verb

zbałwanić pf (imperfective bałwanić)
* (transitive) to cause billowing in water
* (reflexive with się, of water) to billow

#### Related terms

* bałwaniasty
* bałwanisty
* bałwanowaty
* bałwanowy
* bałwański
* bałwan
* bałwanek
* bałwanica
* bałwaństwo
* bałwanieć impf, zbałwanieć pf

### Further reading

* zbałwanić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# esculhambar
## Portuguese
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /is.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(ʁ)/ [is.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(h)], /es.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(ʁ)/ [es.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /is.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(ʁ)/ [is.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(h)], /es.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(ʁ)/ [es.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /is.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(ɾ)/, /es.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃ.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(ʁ)/ [iʃ.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(χ)], /eʃ.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(ʁ)/ [eʃ.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /es.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈbaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈbaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.ku.ʎɐ̃ˈba.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: es‧cu‧lham‧bar

### Verb

esculhambar (first-person singular present esculhambo, first-person singular preterite esculhambei, past participle esculhambado) (Brazil, transitive, colloquial)
* to scold (reprimand in a rude or offensive way)
* to mess up, disorder
* to squander (cause havoc or damage)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Derived terms

* esculhambação
* esculhambado
* esculhambo

### Further reading

* “esculhambar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “esculhambar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# exekuce
## Czech
### Etymology

From Latin exsecūtiō +‎ -uce.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛɡzɛkut͡sɛ]
* Rhymes: -utsɛ
* Hyphenation: exe‧ku‧ce

### Noun

exekuce f (relational adjective exekuční)
* (law) distrainment, execution (carrying into effect of a court judgment)
* (law) execution (act of putting to death or being put to death as a penalty)
    Synonym: poprava
* (ball games) taking a free kick/throw or corner kick

#### Related terms

* exekutiva f
* exekutivní
* exekutor m anim
* exekvovat impf or pf

### Further reading

* “exekuce”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “exekuce”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “exekuce” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “exekuce”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# bednarnia
## Polish
### Etymology

From bednarz +‎ -arnia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛdˈnar.ɲa/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arɲa
* Syllabification: bed‧nar‧nia

### Noun

bednarnia f
* cooperage (a cooper's workshop)

#### Related terms

* bednarski
* bednarczyk
* bednarka
* bednarstwo
* bednarz
* bednarzowa

### Further reading

* bednarnia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# vanusepiir
## Estonian
### Etymology

vanus +‎ piir

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvɑnuseˌpiːr/, [ˈvɑnuseˌpiːr]
* Rhymes: -iːr
* Hyphenation: va‧nu‧se‧piir

### Noun

vanusepiir (genitive vanusepiiri, partitive vanusepiiri)
* age limit (the number of years of age, a lower or upper age limit)
    Mis on ülemine vanusepiir, millega kaitseväeteenistusse võetakse? ― What is the upper age limit for entry into the armed forces?

#### Related terms

* vanusepiirang

### References

* vanusepiir in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
* “vanusepiir”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
# Ailgéarach
## Irish
### Etymology

From an Ailgéir (“Algeria”) +‎ -ach.

### Adjective

Ailgéarach (genitive singular masculine Ailgéirigh, genitive singular feminine Ailgéirí, plural Ailgéaracha, not comparable)
* Algerian

#### Related terms

* Cathair na hAilgéire f (“Algiers”)
* Daon-Phoblacht Dhaonlathach na hAilgéire f (“People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria”)

### Noun

Ailgéarach m (genitive singular Ailgéaraigh, nominative plural Ailgéaraigh)
* Algerian

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
Ailgéarach
Ailgéaraigh
vocative
a Ailgéaraigh
a Ailgéaracha
genitive
Ailgéaraigh
Ailgéarach
dative
Ailgéarach
Ailgéaraigh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an tAilgéarach
na hAilgéaraigh
genitive
an Ailgéaraigh
na nAilgéarach
dative
leis an Ailgéarach don Ailgéarach
leis na hAilgéaraigh :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “Ailgéarach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “Ailgéarach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “Ailgéarach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025