# 歟

| 歟 | U+6B5F, &#27487; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B5F |
| ← 歞 [U+6B5E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 歠 → [U+6B60] |

## Translingual
### Han character

歟 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹金弓人 (HCNO), four-corner 7788$_2$, composition ⿰與欠)
* a final particle used to express admiration, doubt, surprise, or to mark a question

#### Descendants

* 𛀝

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 573, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16226
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2152, character 10
* Unihan data for U+6B5F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 攑 | *kʰlan |
| 藇 | *sla, *ljaʔ, *la, *laʔ, *las |
| 嶼 | *ljaʔ |
| 鱮 | *ljaʔ |
| 舉 | *klaʔ |
| 櫸 | *klaʔ |
| 舁 | *la |
| 與 | *la, *laʔ, *las |
| 輿 | *la, *las |
| 旟 | *la |
| 璵 | *la |
| 歟 | *la, *laʔ, *las |
| 譽 | *la, *las |
| 嬩 | *la |
| 擧 | *la |
| 鸒 | *la, *las |
| 礜 | *las |
| 穥 | *las |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *la, *laʔ, *las) : phonetic 與 (OC *la, *laʔ, *las) + semantic 欠.

### Etymology
#### question particle

    Contraction of 也 (OC *laːlʔ) and 乎 (OC *ɢaː) (Pulleyblank, 1995, p. 139).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yú (yu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): y$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): û
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yú
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yú
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^2$
*** Yale: yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
*** Palladius: юй (juj)
*** Sinological IPA : /y³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^4$
*** Yale: yùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: y$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /y¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: û
*** Tâi-lô: û
*** Phofsit Daibuun: uu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /u²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /u²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /u¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /u²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /u²³/
* Middle Chinese: yo, yoX, yoH
Rime :
| Character | 歟 | 歟 | 歟 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) | 以 (36) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 魚 (22) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 以諸切 | 余吕切 | 羊洳切 |
| Baxter | yo | yoX | yoH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨʌ/ | /jɨʌ$^X$/ | /jɨʌ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɔ/ | /jiɔ$^X$/ | /jiɔ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /iɔ/ | /iɔ$^X$/ | /iɔ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jɨə̆/ | /jɨə̆$^X$/ | /jɨə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /iɔ/ | /iɔ$^X$/ | /iɔ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭo/ | /jĭo$^X$/ | /jĭo$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯wo/ | /i̯wo$^X$/ | /i̯wo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yú | yǔ | yù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^4$ | jyu$^5$ | jyu$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*la/, /*laʔ/, /*las/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 歟 | 歟 | 歟 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 15896 | 15902 | 15911 |
| Phonetic component | 舁 | 舁 | 舁 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 魚 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 余 | | 豫 |
| Old Chinese | /*la/ | /*laʔ/ | /*las/ |

### Definitions

歟
* Sentence-final particle used to express an exclamatory, doubtful or questioning tone
** 1046 October 17, 范仲淹 [Fan Zhongyan], 岳陽樓記 [Memorial to Yueyang Tower]:
       Qí bì yuē: “Xiān tiānxià zhī yōu ér yōu, hòu tiānxià zhī yuè ér yuè” yú! [Pinyin]
       They will have said, ”Worry before everyone else worries, be happy after everyone else becomes happy”!

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 欤 |
| Kyūjitai | 歟 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欤)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: よ (yo)
* Kan-on: よ (yo)
* Kun: か (ka, 歟)、や (ya, 歟)

### Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 歟 – see the following entry. :
| 【か】 | [particle] interrogative or rhetorical question particle, similar to a question mark ("?"). [particle] indefinite particle; "some-" [particle] disjunctive particle; "or" [particle] whether (or not) [particle] indication of doubt [prefix] (emphatic, before an adjective, non-productive) very [suffix] forms 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi, “-na adjectives”) from stems, indicating the state or feeling of an object Alternative spellings 乎, カ, ヵ |
(This term, 歟, is an alternative spelling (literary, obsolete) of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

歟 (eum 여 (yeo))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

歟: Hán Nôm readings: ru
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.