# vil
## Cimbrian
### Alternative forms

* viil, biil (Sette Comuni)

### Etymology

From Middle High German vil, from Old High German filu, from Proto-Germanic *felu. Cognate with German viel, Dutch veel, English fele, Icelandic fjöl-.

### Adjective

vil
* (Luserna) much, many

#### Derived terms

* biavl

### References

* Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɪl]

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

vil f
* genitive plural of vila

### Etymology 2
#### Participle

vil
* masculine singular past active participle of vít

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vil/, [ve(l)]
* Rhymes: -e

### Verb

vil
* present of ville
* imperative of ville

## Fala
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese vĩir. Compare Portuguese vir and Galician vir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbil/
* Rhymes: -il
* Syllabification: vil

### Verb

vil
* to come

#### Conjugation
### References

* Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

## Faroese
### Verb

vil
* first/third-person singular present of vilja

## French
### Etymology

From Latin vīlis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vil/

### Adjective

vil (feminine vile, masculine plural vils, feminine plural viles)
* cheap, worthless
* vile (morally low)
** 1992, Amélie Nothomb, Hygiène de l’assassin [The Assassin’s Hygiene] (fiction):Cessez de blasphémer, vile créature ! Apprenez, ignorante, que saint Prétextat était archevêque de Rouen au VI$^e$ siècle, et grand ami de Grégoire de Tours, qui était un homme très bien, dont vous n’avez naturellement jamais entendu parler.Stop blaspheming, you vile creature! You’d better learn, ignorant woman, that Saint Praetextatus was Archbishop of Rouen in the 6th century, and a friend of Gregory of Tours, who was a very good man, which you, unsurprisingly, never heard of.

### Further reading

* “vil”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Haitian Creole
### Etymology

From French ville.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vil/

### Noun

vil
* city
** 2019 March 19, “Rankont ann Itali ant Anvwaye Espesyal Etazini ak Larisi sou Kriz Venezuela a”, in Lavwadlamerik‎:Anvwaye espesyal Etazini pou Venezuela, Elliot Abrams, ak vis-minis afè etranjè Larisi, Sergei Ryabkov, ap fè reyinyon nan vil Wòm ann Itali pou yo pale sou “sityasyon Venezuela kap agrave.”American Special Envoy for Venezuela Elliot Abrams and Russian Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergei Ryabkov are having a meeting in the city of Rome, Italy to speak about "the worsening situation in Venezuela."

## Livonian
### Alternative forms

* (Courland) vi'l

### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vilu.

### Adjective

vil
* cool

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋɪl/
* Homophone: vill
* Rhymes: -ɪl

### Verb

vil
* present of ville

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋɪl/
* Homophone: vill

### Verb

vil
* present of vilja

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin vilis.

### Noun

vil m (oblique and nominative feminine singular vil or vile)
* horrible; vile; awful
* low; base

#### Derived terms

* vilment

#### Descendants

* → English: vile

## Old Norse
### Verb

vil
* first-person singular present active indicative of vilja

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese vil, from Latin vīlis (“cheap; vile”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈviw/ [ˈviʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈvil/ [ˈviɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈvil/ [ˈviɫ]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈbil/ [ˈbiɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ˈvi.li/
* Homophones: viu (Brazil), view (Brazil)
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -il, (Brazil) -iw
* Hyphenation: vil

### Adjective

vil m or f (plural vis)
* mean; vile (morally low)
    Synonyms: abjeto, baixo, desprezível, indigno, maldoso, malvado, mau, sórdido
    Antonyms: bom, digno, nobre
* cheap; worthless
    Synonyms: acessível, barato, reles
    Antonyms: caro, custoso

#### Derived terms

* vilmente

### Further reading

* “vil”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French vil.

### Adjective

vil m or n (feminine singular vilă, masculine plural vili, feminine and neuter plural vile)
* cheap, worthless
* vile

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin vīlis (“cheap; vile”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbil/ [ˈbil]
* Rhymes: -il
* Syllabification: vil

### Adjective

vil m or f (masculine and feminine plural viles)
* mean, despicable, vile

#### Derived terms

* el vil metal
* vilmente

#### Related terms

* villanía
* villano

### Further reading

* “vil”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Sui
### Pronunciation

* (Sandong) IPA: /vi˩˧/

### Noun

vil
* fire

## Tzotzil
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vil/

### Verb

vil
* (intransitive) to fly

### References

* Laughlin, Robert M. (1975) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.