# accidens
## English
### Etymology

From Latin [Term?].

### Noun

accidens (plural accidentia)
* (logic) Synonym of accident (“a property, fact, or relation that is the result of chance or is nonessential or nonsubstantive”)
** 1886, Prasanna K. Roy, A Text-book of Deductive Logic: For the Use of Students, page 83:An Accidens (or accident) of an individual, genus, or species is any attribute which is possessed by it, and which does not follow from, or form a part of, its comprehension. […] If, on the other hand, an accidens is sometimes present and sometimes absent in an individual, […]
** 1896, James Welton, A Manual of Logic, volume 1, page 86:But, where there is no apparent reason why the attribute should always be found in the individuals of a class, it is called an Accidens.

#### Related terms

* accidens

## Latin
### Etymology 1

Present active participle of accidō (“fall down or upon; happen”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈak.ki.dens/, [ˈäkːɪd̪ẽːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈat.t͡ʃi.dens/, [ˈätː͡ʃid̪ens]

#### Participle

accidēns (genitive accidentis); third-declension one-termination participle
* falling down, upon, at or near, descending
* happening (to), taking place, occurring, befalling

##### Declension

Third-declension participle.
$^1$When used purely as an adjective.

#### Noun

accidēns n (genitive accidentis); third declension
* accident, circumstance (chance event)
** 1695, Teutsch-Lateinisches WörterBüchlein Zum Nutz und Ergötzung der Schuljugend zusammengetragen, Und mit 6000. darzu dienlichen Bildern gezieret. Deme noch über das eine kurtzgefaste Lateinische Sprach-Übung Und Zimliche Anzahl Auserlesener Sprüche beygefüget. — Dictionariolum germanico-latinum In Usum & delectationem Scholasticae Juventutis concinnatum, & aliquot millibus huic rei inservientibus Iconibus illustratum. Cui insuper accessit, Epitome Grammatices Latinae cum selectarum Sententiarum Farragine., Nuremberg (Nürnberg, Noriberga), p.197:
    Accidentia nominum sunt septem: Species, Figura, Persona, Genus, Declinatio, Numerus, & Casus.Accidents of nouns are seven: species, shape/figure, person, gender, declination, number, & case.

##### Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, “pure” i-stem).

##### Descendants

* Catalan: accident
* → Dutch: toeval (calque)
* English: accident
* French: accident
* German: Akzidens n, Akzidenz n; Zufall m (calque)
* Italian: accidente
* Ligurian: açidente
* Portuguese: acidente
* Romanian: accident
* Spanish: accidente

### Etymology 2

Form of the verb accīdō (“fell, cut down; use up; impair”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /akˈkiː.dens/, [äkˈkiːd̪ẽːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /atˈt͡ʃi.dens/, [ätˈt͡ʃiːd̪ens]

#### Participle

accīdēns (genitive accīdentis); third-declension one-termination participle
* using up, consuming, diminishing
* impairing, weakening, shattering

##### Declension

Third-declension participle.
$^1$When used purely as an adjective.

### References

* “accidens”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* accidens in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Middle French
### Noun

accidens m
* plural of accident