# پشیمان
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* پشمان (pişman) — vulgar
* փէշիման (peşiman), փիշման (pişman), փիւշման (püşman) — Armeno-Turkish

### Etymology

Borrowed from Iranian Persian پَشیمان (pašimân).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /peʃiːˈmaːn/, (vulgar) /piʃˈman/

### Noun

پشیمان • (peşiman)
* regretful, remorseful, sorry
    Synonym: نادم (nadim)
    پشیمان اولمق ― peşiman olmak ― to regret

#### Derived terms

* پشیمانلق (peşimanlık)
* پشیمانی (peşimani)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: pişman
* → Albanian: pishman
* → Armenian: փիւշման (pʻiwšman), փուշման (pʻušman)
* → Aromanian: pishman
* → Bulgarian: пишма́н (pišmán)
* → Macedonian: пишман (pišman)
* → Serbo-Croatian: pìšmān / пѝшма̄н

### References

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2017) “peşiman”, in Ötüken Osmanlı Türkçesi Sözlüğü (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, →ISBN, page 3836a
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “پشیمان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 450a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “پشیمان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 323a
* Pōzačean, Yakovbos (1841) “փէշիման”, in Hamaṙōt baṙaran i tačkakanē i hay [Concise Ottoman–Armenian Dictionary]‎, Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, pages 949b, 955a, 957a
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “پشیمان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 835

## Persian
### Alternative forms

* پشمان

### Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (pšymʾn' /⁠pašēmān⁠/, “penitent, repentant”). Akin to Old Armenian փաշաման (pʻašaman), a Middle Iranian borrowing.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [pa.ʃeː.ˈmɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰä.ʃeː.mɑ́ːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰä.ʃeː.mɑ́ːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [pʰä.ʃeː.mɑ́ːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [pʰä.ʃeː.mɔ́ːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [pʰæ.ʃiː.mɒ́ːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [pʰä.ʃe.mɔ́n]

### Adjective

| Dari | پشیمان |
| Iranian Persian | پشیمان |
| Tajik | пашемон |
پشیمان • (pašimân) (comparative پشیمان‌تَر (pašimân-tar), superlative پشیمان‌تَرین (pašimân-tarin))
* regretful, sorry, penitent
** 1010, Ferdowsi, شاهنامه [Shahnameh]:سپهبد پشیمان شد از کار اوی بپیچید ازان راست گفتار اویsipahbud pašēmān šud az kār-i ōy bipēčīd az ān rāst guftār-i ōyThe general became penitent from those deeds of his; He writhed [from shame] at those righteous words of his.(romanization in Classical Persian)

#### Derived terms

* پشیمان شدن (pašimân šodan)
* پشیمانی (pašimâni)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: peşman
* → Middle Armenian: փոշիման (pʻošiman), փօշաման (pʻōšaman), փոշըման (pʻošəman), փոշման (pʻošman)
** Armenian: փոշման (pʻošman)
* → Gujarati: પશિમાન (paśimān), પશેમાન (paśemān)
* → Ottoman Turkish: پشیمان (peşiman), پشمان (pişman) — vulgar, փէշիման (peşiman), փիշման (pişman), փիւշման (püşman) — Armeno-Turkish
** Turkish: pişman
** → Albanian: pishman
** → Armenian: փիւշման (pʻiwšman), փուշման (pʻušman)
** → Aromanian: pishman
** → Bulgarian: пишма́н (pišmán)
** → Macedonian: пишман (pišman)
** → Serbo-Croatian: pìšmān / пѝшма̄н

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “փաշաման”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 481a