# ruim
## Afrikaans
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rœi̯m/

### Etymology 1

From Dutch ruim, from Middle Dutch ruum, from Old Dutch *rūm (in placenames), from Proto-West Germanic *rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz.

#### Adjective

ruim (attributive ruim, comparative ruimer, superlative ruimste)
* spacious, roomy, large
* ample, generous

### Etymology 2

From Dutch ruim, from Middle Dutch ruum, from Old Dutch ruom, Proto-West Germanic *rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.

#### Noun

ruim (plural ruime)
* (nautical) A cargo hold.

##### Derived terms

* lugruim
* skeepsruim

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rœy̯m/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ruim
* Rhymes: -œy̯m

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ruum, from Old Dutch *rūm (in placenames), from Proto-West Germanic *rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz.

#### Adjective

ruim (comparative ruimer, superlative ruimst)
* spacious, roomy
    Antonyms: eng, nauw, krap
* large, wide
* ample, generous
    Die portie is ruim bemeten.That portion is amply measured.

##### Derived terms

* ruimte
* afruimen
* inruimen
* opruimen

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: ruim
* → Papiamentu: reimu, reim

#### Adverb

ruim
* more than, over, easily
    Het weegt ruim een ton.It weighs over a ton.

### Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch ruum, from Old Dutch ruom, Proto-West Germanic *rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.

#### Noun

ruim n (plural ruimen, diminutive ruimpje n)
* (with definite article) the wide, open space
* (nautical) a cargo hold

##### Derived terms

* luchtruim
* scheepsruim

##### Descendants

* → Russian: трюм (trjum)

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

ruim
* inflection of ruimen:
** first-person singular present indicative
** (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From ruína, or from a Vulgar Latin root *ruīnus, ultimately from Latin ruīna. Compare Galician ruín, Spanish ruin, Catalan roí, French ruine.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁuj̃/ [ˈhuɪ̯̃], /ʁuˈĩ/ [hʊˈĩ], (faster pronunciation) /ˈʁwĩ/ [ˈhwĩ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈʁuj̃/ [ˈhuɪ̯̃], /ʁuˈĩ/ [hʊˈĩ], (faster pronunciation) /ˈʁwĩ/ [ˈhwĩ]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ˈʁuj̃/ [ˈχuɪ̯̃], /ʁuˈĩ/ [χʊˈĩ], (faster pronunciation) /ˈʁwĩ/ [ˈχwĩ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈʁuj̃/, /ʁuˈĩ/
* Rhymes: -ũj̃, -ĩ
* Hyphenation: ru‧im

### Adjective

ruim m or f (plural ruins)
* bad
* unpleasant
* evil
** 1999, Digão, Rodolfo Abrantes (lyrics and music), “Mulher de Fases” (0:11 from the start), in Só no Forévis, performed by Raimundos, Rio de Janeiro: Warner Music Brasil:Que mulher ruim, jogou minhas coisa fora / Disse que em sua cama eu não deito mais não/ˈʁwĩ/What an evil woman, she threw my things away / She said that I won't be sleeping on her bed no more

#### Derived terms

* coisa-ruim
* ruimente / ruimmente
* ruindade
* sangue ruim

#### See also

* mau

### References

* “ruim”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “ruim”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* “ruim”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “ruim”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025