# 針黹
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhēnzhǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ ㄓˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zam$^1$ zi$^2$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zieng$^3$ zi$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiam-chí / cham-chí
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnzhǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ ㄓˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhenjhǐh
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^1$-chih$^3$
*** Yale: jēn-jř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenjyy
*** Palladius: чжэньчжи (čžɛnʹčži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zam$^1$ zi$^2$
*** Yale: jām jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzam$^1$ dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zem$^1$ ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐm⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zieng$^3$ zi$^3$ [Phonetic: zieng$^5$ ni$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siɛŋ⁴⁵³⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$ni⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zieng$^3$ zi$^3$ [Phonetic: zieng$^5$ ni$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siɛŋ³³²⁻²¹ $^{(t͡s-)}$ni³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiam-chí
*** Tâi-lô: tsiam-tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciamcie
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cham-chí
*** Tâi-lô: tsam-tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zamcie
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sam³³ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/

### Noun

針黹
* (literary or dialectal) needlework
       guoh$^3$ nieo$^2$ le$^3$ gu$^5$ de$^3$ kor$^4$ zo$^4$ zieng$^3$ zi$^3$ teng$^4$ sia$^2$. [Pouseng Ping'ing]
       My mother used to make a living by doing needlework.
    From: Wu Jingzi, The Scholars, 1750 CE
    Zhè rén xìng Wáng míng Miǎn, zài Zhūjì Xiàn xiāngcūn lǐ zhù. Qī suì shàng sǐ le fùqīn, tā mǔqīn zuò diǎn zhēnzhǐ gōnggěi tā dào cūn xuétáng lǐ qù dúshū. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Mainland China Hokkien) thimble (a protective cap for the finger)

#### Synonyms

* (needlework):
* 女事 (nǚshì) (archaic)
* 女工 (nǚgōng)
* 女紅 / 女红 (nǚgōng)
* 針指 / 针指 (zhēnzhǐ) (literary)
* 針線 / 针线 (zhēnxiàn)
* 針線活 / 针线活 (zhēnxiànhuó)
* 針線活兒 / 针线活儿 (zhēnxiànhuór)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 頂針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 頂針兒, 頂根兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 頂針兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 頂針兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 頂針兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 頂針兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 頂針兒, 頂針子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 頂針子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 頂針兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 頂針兒, 頂針 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 頂指, 頂針 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 頂針 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 頂指 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 頂針 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 頂針 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 頂針 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 頂指 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 頂針 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 頂針子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 頂針子 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 頂針 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 針黹, 銅黹 bronze |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 針黹, 銅黹 bronze |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 針黹, 銅黹 bronze |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 針指 GT |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 頂針 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 頂針箍 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 頂針兒, 頂針箍兒 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 頂針兒 |

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “针黹”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 582.