# hadron
## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἁδρός (hadrós, “thick”) +‎ -on. Coined by Russian physicist Lev Okun in 1962 in a plenary talk at the International Conference on High Energy Physics.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈhæd.ɹɒn/
* Audio (US):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈhæd.ɹɑn/

### Noun

hadron (plural hadrons)
* (physics) A composite particle that comprises two or more quarks held together by the strong force and (consequently) can interact with other particles via said force; a meson or a baryon.
** 1996, J. R. Batley, “Measurements of B Hadron Lifetimes at LEP”, in Michael C. Birse, G. D. Lafferty, J. A. McGovern, editors, Hadron '95: The 6th International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy, World Scientific, page 48:The weak decays of b hadrons are dominated by the spectator model process whereby the b quark decays to a c quark (or occasionally a u quark) with the emission of an external W, while the non-b antiquark or diquark acts simply as a passive spectator to the decay.
** 2005, D. B. Leinweber, A. W. Thomas, R. D. Young, “Hadron Structure and QCD: Effective Field Theory for Lattice Simulations”, in Alex C. Kalloniatis, Derek B. Leinweber, Anthony G. Williams, editors, Lattice Hadron Physics, Springer,, page 114:One can use the lattice simulations, which do represent the rigorous consequences of non-perturbative QCD, as guidance for models of hadron structure.
** 2017, Syed Afsar Abbas, Group Theory in Particle, Nuclear, and Hadron Physics‎, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press / Chapman & Hall), page 204:And hence colour, which was initially an ad hoc concept, later turned out to be an empirically confirmed reality of hadrons.

#### Usage notes

* Aside from individual quarks (which are never observed by themselves) hadrons are the only particles that interact via the strong force. Thus, a possible (though potentially slightly misleading) definition is "composite particle that can interact via the strong force" - or indeed simply "composite particle", as all hadrons are composite and all known non-hadrons are not known to be composite. Either definition however will be non-marginally wrong if the existence of the hypothetical "glueballs", non-hadronic composite particles consisting of gluons, is confirmed.
* The two categorisations hadron versus non-hadron and fermion versus boson together turn out to comprise a useful high-level categorisation of subatomic particles. (See the diagram above.)
** (Missing from the diagram are quarks, the building blocks of hadrons. They are elementary, and therefore not themselves hadrons; they are, however, fermions. Thus, they would be classified, alongside leptons, as non-hadronic fermions.)

#### Hyponyms

* baryon
* meson

#### Derived terms

* antihadron
* dihadron
* exotic hadron
* hadrochemical
* hadrodynamics
* hadrogenesis
* hadronic
* hadronically
* hadronics
* hadronise
* hadronization
* hadronless
* hadronuclear
* hadroproduction
* multihadron
* prehadron
* technihadron

#### Translations
### Further reading

* Quark on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Quark model on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Standard Model on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Subatomic particle on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* List of particles on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Large Hadron Collider on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* Drohan, Hardon, Hrodna, Rhonda, hard on, hard-on, hardon

## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ha‧dron

### Noun

hadron n (plural hadronen)
* (physics) hadron

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Audio (Paris):(file)

### Noun

hadron m (plural hadrons)
* hadron

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxa.drɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -adrɔn
* Syllabification: ha‧dron

### Noun

hadron m inan
* (physics) hadron

#### Declension
### Further reading

* hadron in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English hadron or French hadron.

### Noun

hadron m (plural hadroni)
* hadron

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xǎdroːn/
* Hyphenation: had‧ron

### Noun

hàdrōn m (Cyrillic spelling ха̀дро̄н)
* (physics) hadron

#### Declension
## Slovene
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xadróːn/

### Noun

hadrọ̑n m inan
* (physics) hadron

#### Inflection
## Turkish
### Noun

hadron (definite accusative hadronu, plural hadronlar)
* (physics) hadron