# ὅτε
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* ὅτ’ (hót’) — apocopic
* ὅθ’ (hóth’) — apocopic, before a vowel with rough breathing
* ὅκα (hóka) — Doric
* ὄτα (óta) — Aeolic

### Etymology

From ὅς (hós) and τε (te). Compare τότε (tóte), πότε (póte), ποτέ (poté).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hó.te/ → /ˈo.te/ → /ˈo.te/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hó.te/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈ(h)o.te/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈo.te/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈo.te/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈo.te/

### Conjunction

ὅτε • (hóte) (relative adverb)
* (of time) when
** (with indicative, to denote single events) when
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.397
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.392
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 1.7.35
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 24.115
*** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 354
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.21
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.397
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.627
*** (with present, of a thing now happening)
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.471
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.259
**** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 2.4.6
*** (rarely with future)
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 18.272
** (with optative, to denote repeated events or actions in past time)
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.610
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.216
*** (of future events which are represented as uncertain, in clauses dependent on a verb in optative or subjunctive)
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.55
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.429
**** 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 726
*** (only in Epic and Lyric poets, with subjunctive)
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 19.337
**** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.323
** (in Homer, to introduce a simile)
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.147
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.130
*** 6, 506
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.364
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.12
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.462
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.394
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.462
** (with other particles)
* (causal sense) whereas
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.433
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 20.29
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 1095
** 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 918
** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 206A
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 354C
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.92
** 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 428
** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 34
* (absolute) sometimes, now and then
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 2.2.16
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 20.49
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.599
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.64
** 300 BCE – 250 BCE, Apollonius of Rhodes, Argonautica 1.1270
** 3rd century CE, Diogenes Laertius, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers 2.106
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1.10.5
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 7.13.2
** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Poetics 3.2
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.566
** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 56
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cynegeticus 5.8

#### Derived terms

* ὅταν (hótan)
* ὅτεπερ (hóteper)

#### See also

| type | interrogative | indefinite | (medial) demonstrative | proximal demonstrative | distal demonstrative | relative | indefinite relative | identity | other |
| basic | τίς | τις, ἔνιοι | †ὁ, οὗτος | ὅδε | ἐκεῖνος | ὅς | ὅστις | ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός | ἕτερος, ἄλλος |
| dual | πότερος | πότερος, ποτερός | | | | ὁπότερος | ὁπότερος | | |
| quality | ποῖος | ποιός | †τοῖος, τοιοῦτος | τοιόσδε | | οἷος | ὁποῖος | ὅμοιος | ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος |
| quantity | πόσος | ποσός | †τόσος, τοσοῦτος | τοσόσδε | | ὅσος | ὁπόσος | | |
| manner | πῶς | πως | †τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως | ὧδε | | ὡς | ὅπως | ὁμῶς | ἑτέρως, ἄλλως |
| method, path, place | πῇ | πῃ | τῇ, ταύτῃ | τῇδε | ἐκείνῃ | ᾗ | ὅπῃ | | ἄλλῃ |
| place | ποῦ, †πόθι | που, †ποθι | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε | ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι | οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι | ὅπου, †ὁπόθι | αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ | ἄλλοθι |
| source | πόθεν | ποθεν | †τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν | ἐνθένδε | ἐκεῖθεν | ὅθεν | ὁπόθεν | †ὁμόθεν | ἄλλοθεν |
| destination | ποῖ, †πόσε | ποι | ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα | ἐνθάδε, δεῦρο | ἐκεῖσε | οἷ | ὅποι, †ὁπόσε | αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε | ἄλλοσε |
| time | πότε, πῆμος | ποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτε | τότε, τῆμος | τημόσδε | | ὅτε, ἦμος | ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος | ἅμα | ἄλλοτε |
| exact time | πηνίκα | | †τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα | τηνικάδε | | ἡνίκα | ὁπηνίκα | αὐτίκα | |
| duration of time | | | τέως | | | ἕως | | | |
| size, age | πηλίκος | πηλίκος | †τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος | τηλικόσδε | | ἡλίκος | ὁπηλίκος | ὁμῆλιξ | |
| repetition | ποσάκις, ποσίνδα | ποσάκις | τουτάκις, τοσάκις | | | †ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις | ὁποσάκις | | |
| multiplication | ποσαπλάσιος | | | | | ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων | | | |
| order | πόστος | ποστός | | | | | ὁπόστος | | |
| † Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions. ||||||||||

### Further reading

* “ὅτε”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὅτε”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ὅτε”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ὅτε in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ὅτε in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “ὅτε”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G3753 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. as idem, page 42.reduce idem, page 684.when idem, page 975.