OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# psychologie
## Czech
### Etymology

From psycho- +‎ -logie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpsɪxoloɡɪjɛ]
* Hyphenation: psy‧cho‧lo‧gie

### Noun

psychologie f
* psychology
    Synonym: (obsolete) dušezpyt

#### Related terms

* psychický
* psycholog
* psychologický
* psycholožka

### Further reading

* “psychologie”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “psychologie”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “psychologie”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French psychologie, from Latin psychologia (coined by Marko Marulić from Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”) + Latin -logia (“study of”)). Equivalent to psycho- +‎ -logie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌpsi.xoː.loːˈɣi/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: psy‧cho‧lo‧gie
* Rhymes: -i

### Noun

psychologie f (plural psychologieën, diminutive psychologietje n)
* psychology
    Synonym: zielkunde

#### Derived terms

* onderwijspsychologie

#### Related terms

* psycholoog
* psychologisch

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: psigologie
* → Indonesian: psikologi

## French
### Etymology

From New Latin psychologia (coined by Marko Marulić from Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”) + Latin -logia (“study of”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /psi.kɔ.lɔ.ʒi/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -i

### Noun

psychologie f (uncountable)
* psychology

#### Derived terms

* psychologie inversée

#### Related terms

* psychiatrie
* psychologique
* psychologiquement
* psychologiser
* psychologue

#### Descendants

* → Dutch: psychologie
* → Turkish: psikoloji

### Further reading

* “psychologie”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Scots
### Noun

psychologie (countable and uncountable, plural psychologies)
* psychology
# cyklóna
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡sɪkloːna]

### Noun

cyklóna f
* area of high atmospheric pressure

#### Related terms

* See cyklus
* cyklón

#### See also

* anticyklóna

### Further reading

* “cyklóna”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “cyklóna”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# amfibol
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀμφίβολος (amphíbolos). First attested in 1822.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /amˈfi.bɔl/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ibɔl
* Syllabification: am‧fi‧bol

### Noun

amfibol m inan
* (mineralogy) amphibole
    grupa amfiboli ― amphibole group

#### Derived terms

* amfibolowy

### References

* ↑ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “amfibol”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
* ↑ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “amfibol”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
* ↑ Marcin Antoniusz Pawłowicz (1822) O własnościach i początku bazaltów‎ (in Polish), page 5

### Further reading

* amfibol in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “amfibol”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “amfibol”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 31
* amfibol in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French amphibole.

### Noun

amfibol m (plural amfiboli)
* amphibole

#### Declension
## Turkish
### Etymology

From French amphibole.

### Noun

amfibol (definite accusative amfibolü, plural amfiboller)
* amphibole

#### Declension
### References

* “amfibol”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# sílófónn
## Icelandic
### Noun

sílófónn m (genitive singular sílófóns, nominative plural sílófónar)
* xylophone

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “sílófónn” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
# Spillane
## English
### Etymology

Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Spealáin (“descendant of Spealán”), a personal name derived from a diminutive of speal (“scythe”).

### Proper noun

Spillane (plural Spillanes)
* A surname from Irish.

#### Derived terms

* Spillanean
* Spillanesque

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Spillane is the 10528th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 3047 individuals. Spillane is most common among White (95.8%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Spillane”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 3, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN.

### Anagrams

* splenial, Spinella, slip lane, Pinellas, spinella
# clastic
## English
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek κλαστός (klastós, “broken in pieces”), from κλάω (kláō, “to break”) +‎ -ic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈklæstɪk/
* Rhymes: -æstɪk

### Adjective

clastic (not comparable)
* Made up of parts that are easily removable.
* (geology, of rock) Made from fragments of pre-existing rocks.

#### Derived terms

* acetoclastic
* bioclastic
* clast
* cytoclastic
* epiclastic
* karyoclastic
* nonclastic
* organoclastic
* pyroclastic
* vitroclastic
* volcaniclastic

#### Related terms

* iconoclast

#### Translations
### Noun

clastic (plural clastics)
* (geology) A rock made from fragments of pre-existing rocks.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French clastique.

### Adjective

clastic m or n (feminine singular clastică, masculine plural clastici, feminine and neuter plural clastice)
* clastic
# usługobiorca
## Polish
### Etymology

From usługa +‎ -o- +‎ biorca.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /u.swu.ɡɔˈbjɔr.t͡sa/
* Rhymes: -ɔrt͡sa
* Syllabification: u‧słu‧go‧bior‧ca

### Noun

usługobiorca m pers (female equivalent usługobiorczyni)
* client, customer (person using or receiving a service)

#### Related terms

* usługowy
* usługujący
* usłużny
* usłużnie
* usługa
* usługi
* usługodawca
* usługująca
* usługujący
* usłużność
* usługiwać
* usłużyć

### Further reading

* usługobiorca in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# stwardnienie
## Polish
### Etymology

From stwardnieć +‎ -enie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stfarˈdɲɛ.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛɲɛ
* Syllabification: stwar‧dnie‧nie

### Noun

stwardnienie n
* (uncountable) verbal noun of stwardnieć
* (countable) hardening (the act of becoming hard)
* (countable) hardened fragment of something
* (countable, pathology) sclerosis
* (countable, pathology) induration

#### Derived terms

* stwardnienie rozsiane

#### Related terms

* twardy

### Further reading

* stwardnienie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* stwardnienie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# aminobutirato
## Spanish
### Noun

aminobutirato m (plural aminobutiratos)
* (organic chemistry) aminobutyrate

#### Related terms

* ácido aminobutírico
* aminobutírico
* butirato
# adopce
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈadopt͡sɛ]

### Noun

adopce f
* adoption (of a child or an animal)
    Synonym: osvojení

#### Related terms

* adoptovat

### Further reading

* “adopce”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “adopce”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “adopce”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# nieprecyzyjnie
## Polish
### Etymology

From nieprecyzyjny +‎ -ie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲɛ.prɛ.t͡sɘˈzɘj.ɲɛ/
* Rhymes: -ɘjɲɛ
* Syllabification: nie‧pre‧cy‧zyj‧nie

### Adverb

nieprecyzyjnie (comparative bardziej nieprecyzyjnie, superlative najbardziej nieprecyzyjnie)
* imprecisely

#### Related terms

* nieprecyzyjny
* nieprecyzyjność

### Further reading

* nieprecyzyjnie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# sumr
## Old Norse
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sumaz, whence also Old English sum, Old High German sum, Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃 (sums). See also English some.

### Pronoun

sumr
* some

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: sumur
* Faroese: summur
* Norwegian Nynorsk: sum, som; (dialectal) sum’e, søm
* Old Swedish: sumber
** Swedish: somme, somma, somt, (dialectal) sômmer, sômma
* Danish: somme
** Norwegian Bokmål: somme

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “sumr”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
# perdegana
## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* perdigana
* pyerde gana
* piyerde gana

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish pierde gana (“loses, wins”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ˌpeɾdeˈɡana/ [ˌpɛɾ.d̪ɛˈɣaː.n̪ɐ]
* Rhymes: -ana
* Syllabification: per‧de‧ga‧na

### Noun

pérdegána (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜇᜒᜄᜈ) (games, sometimes gambling)
* a game mode where the loser by the regular rules wins (such as in checkers)
    Synonym: talo-manalo

#### Related terms

* gana
* ganado
* perder

#### See also

* dama

### References

* “perdegana”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# erogar
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin ērogāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eɾoˈɡaɾ/ [e.ɾoˈɣ̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: e‧ro‧gar

### Verb

erogar (first-person singular present erogo, first-person singular preterite erogué, past participle erogado)
* to distribute
* to pay

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* erogación

### Further reading

* “erogar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# usługowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From usługa +‎ -owy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /u.swuˈɡɔ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: u‧słu‧go‧wy

### Adjective

usługowy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) service

#### Related terms

* usługujący
* usłużny
* usłużnie
* usługa
* usługi
* usługobiorca
* usługodawca
* usługująca
* usługujący
* usłużność
* usługiwać
* usłużyć

### Further reading

* usługowy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* usługowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# arbitral
## English
### Etymology

From French arbitral, from Latin arbitrālis, from arbiter.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈɑːbɪtɹəl/

### Adjective

arbitral (comparative more arbitral, superlative most arbitral)
* Relating to arbitration.

#### Derived terms

* arbitrally
* decree arbitral

#### Translations
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aʁ.bi.tʁal/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

arbitral (feminine arbitrale, masculine plural arbitraux, feminine plural arbitrales)
* arbitral

### Further reading

* “arbitral”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /aʁ.biˈtɾaw/ [aɦ.biˈtɾaʊ̯]
* (Brazil) IPA: /aʁ.biˈtɾaw/ [aɦ.biˈtɾaʊ̯]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /aɾ.biˈtɾaw/ [aɾ.biˈtɾaʊ̯]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /aʁ.biˈtɾaw/ [aʁ.biˈtɾaʊ̯]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /aɻ.biˈtɾaw/ [aɻ.biˈtɾaʊ̯]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐɾ.biˈtɾal/ [ɐɾ.βiˈtɾaɫ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐɾ.biˈtɾal/ [ɐɾ.βiˈtɾaɫ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐɾ.biˈtɾa.li/ [ɐɾ.βiˈtɾa.li]
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
* Hyphenation: ar‧bi‧tral

### Adjective

arbitral m or f (plural arbitrais)
* arbitral (relating to arbitration)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French arbitral.

### Adjective

arbitral m or n (feminine singular arbitrală, masculine plural arbitrali, feminine and neuter plural arbitrale)
* arbitral

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin arbitrālis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aɾbiˈtɾal/ [aɾ.β̞iˈt̪ɾal]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: ar‧bi‧tral

### Adjective

arbitral m or f (masculine and feminine plural arbitrales)
* arbitral

#### Derived terms

* procedimiento arbitral

#### Related terms

* árbitro

### Further reading

* “arbitral”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# formalny
## Polish
### Etymology

Adapted borrowing of Latin formālis +‎ -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɔrˈmal.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -alnɘ
* Syllabification: for‧mal‧ny

### Adjective

formalny (comparative bardziej formalny, superlative najbardziej formalny, derived adverb formalnie)
* formal
    Synonyms: urzędowy, obowiązujący

#### Related terms

* formalista
* formalistka
* formalizm

### Further reading

* formalny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* formalny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ciaboga
## Spanish
### Noun

ciaboga f (plural ciabogas)
* (nautical) putting about, turning
* (by extension) any change of direction
** 2016 August 27, “Los críticos acusan a la izquierda ‘abertzale’ de rendirse”, in El País‎:Sortu hizo la ciaboga en el tratamiento de los presos de ETA primero en marzo con el caso Segura, el pacto de 35 procesados con la fiscalía de la Audiencia Nacional, la Asociación de Víctimas del Terrorismo (AVT) y Dignidad y Justicia (DyJ) para reducir su condena a cambio de admitir su pertenencia a ETA.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Related terms

* ciabogar

### Further reading

* “ciaboga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# suðr
## Old Norse
### Alternative forms

* sunnr

### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sunþrą, whence also Old English sūþ, Old High German sunt.

### Noun

suðr n
* south

### Adverb

suðr
* south, southwards
    suðr ríðato ride south
* in the south

#### Derived terms

* suðrœnn

#### Related terms

* syðri
* synstr

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: suður
* Faroese: suður
* Norn: sud
* Norwegian Nynorsk: sud, sør
* Norwegian Bokmål: sør
* Old Swedish: sudher
** Swedish: söder, syd (influenced by Dutch or Low German)
* Danish: syd
** Norwegian Bokmål: syd
* Gutnish: sudar, sudur

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “suðr”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 416; also available at the [https://archive.org/stream/concisedictionar001857
* page/416 Internet Archive]
# βυκάνη
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin būcina.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /byː.ká.nɛː/ → /βyˈka.ni/ → /viˈka.ni/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /byː.ká.nɛː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /byˈka.ne̝/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /βyˈka.ni/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /vyˈka.ni/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /viˈka.ni/

### Noun

βῡκᾰ́νη • (būkắnē) f (genitive βῡκᾰ́νης); first declension
* spiral trumpet, horn

#### Derived terms

* βῡκᾰνᾰ́ω (būkănắō)
* βῡκᾰ́νημᾰ (būkắnēmă)
* βῡκᾰνητής (būkănētḗs)
* βῡκᾰνῐσμός (būkănĭsmós)
* βῡκᾰνῐστής (būkănĭstḗs)

### Further reading

* “βυκάνη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* βυκάνη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* βυκάνη in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
* Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “βυκάνη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 248
# celoamerický
## Czech
### Etymology

From celo- +‎ americký (“American”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡sɛloamɛrɪt͡skiː]
* Rhymes: -ɪtskiː
* Hyphenation: ce‧lo‧ame‧ric‧ký

### Adjective

celoamerický (adverb celoamericky)
* Pan-American (covering or representing USA or all of the Americas)

#### Related terms

* americký
* Američan m
* Američanka f
* Amerika f

### Further reading

* “celoamerický”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “celoamerický” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “celoamerický”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# delirar
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin dēlīrāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /deliˈɾaɾ/ [d̪e.liˈɾaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: de‧li‧rar

### Verb

delirar (first-person singular present deliro, first-person singular preterite deliré, past participle delirado)
* to be delirious

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Related terms

* delirante
* delirio

### Further reading

* “delirar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# olomoucké tvarůžky
## Czech
### Etymology

The noun tvarůžky is a plural form of tvarůžek, which is a (diminutive) of tvaroh (“quark”), which is an intermediate product of their manufacture. The adjective olomoucké is a feminine nominative of olomoucký (“from Olomouc”) and refers to the fact that the cheese has been traditionally produced in the surroundings of the city of Olomouc and in the past used to be sold especially in Olomouc markets.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [olomou̯t͡skɛː tvaruːʃkɪ]

### Noun

olomoucké tvarůžky m inan pl
* Olomouc cheese (a kind of ripened soft cheese, characteristic with its strong scent, distinctive pungent taste and yellowish colour, nowadays made in the town of Loštice, the Czech Republic)
    Synonyms: (obsolete) homolky; olomoucké syrečky; syrečky; (informal) tvargle; tvarůžky
** 1931, Sborník Československé akademie zemědělské‎, volume 6, page 318:Pověst praví, že když se císař Leopold II. v roce 1768 ženil s Marií Louisou španělskou, dovezli mu na svatbu Hanáci darem olomoucké tvarůžky.The legend goes that when emperor Leopold II married Maria Luisa of Spain, people from Haná brought him Olomouc cheese as a wedding gift.

#### Usage notes

In Moravia the term olomoucké tvarůžky or shortly tvarůžky prevails, while in Bohemia they are usually called olomoucké syrečky or shortly syrečky.
The term is usually used only in the plural form olomoucké tvarůžky. If the singular form olomoucký tvarůžek occasionally occurs, it usually means "a piece of Olomouc cheese".

#### Related terms

* tvaroh
* tvarohový
* tvarůžek
* tvarůžkárna
* tvarůžkový

#### Further reading

* Category:olomoucké tvarůžky on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# zletilost
## Czech
### Etymology

From zletilý +‎ -ost.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzlɛcɪlost]

### Noun

zletilost f
* majority, full age
* legal age

#### Related terms

* letitý
* zletilý
# kazuistyka
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French casuistique.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (prescriptive) /ka.zuˈis.tɘ.ka/, (colloquial) /ka.zu.isˈtɘ.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -istɘka, -ɘka
* Syllabification: ka‧zu‧is‧ty‧ka

### Noun

kazuistyka f
* casuistry

#### Derived terms

* kazuistyczny

#### Related terms

* kazuistycznie

### Further reading

* kazuistyka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kazuistyka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# tónlistarmyndband
## Icelandic
### Etymology

From tónlist (“music”) +‎ myndband (“video”).

### Noun

tónlistarmyndband n (genitive singular tónlistarmyndbands, nominative plural tónlistarmyndbönd)
* music video

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “tónlistarmyndband” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
# Ramachandran
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malayalam രാമചന്ദ്രൻ (rāmacandraṉ) and Tamil இராமச்சந்திரன் (irāmaccantiraṉ), both from Sanskrit रामचन्द्र (rāmacandra) (राम (rāma, “dark”) + चन्द्र (candra, “moon”)).

### Proper noun

Ramachandran (plural Ramachandrans)
* A surname.

#### Derived terms

* Ramachandran diagram
* Ramachandran plot

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Ramachandran is the 14409th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 2074 individuals. Ramachandran is most common among Asian/Pacific Islander (95.66%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Ramachandran”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 3, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
# ruru
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Maori ruru. First use in English appears c. 1842.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈɹuːɹuː/

### Noun

ruru (plural rurus)
* (New Zealand) The morepork.

## Maori
### Etymology 1

Probably onomatopoeic (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

ruru
* A morepork (a type of owl).

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Oceanic *ruru (compare with Hawaiian lulu, Tahitian ruru, Tongan ū) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duŋduŋ “sheltered” – compare with similar verbs across the Austronesian family with a *-duŋ ending like *tuduŋ (“head cover” – compare with Tagalog turong, Malay tudung) and *linduŋ (compare with Malay lindung “to protect”).

#### Verb

ruru
* to enclose, to close together
* to take shelter

#### Adjective

ruru
* sheltered
    Synonym: marumaru

#### Noun

ruru
* shelter
    Synonyms: maru, pāruru, tāwharau, whakamarumaru
* shade
    Synonym: maru

### Derived terms

* kōruru
* pāruru
* pōruru
* ruruhau
* whakaruru

### References

* ↑ Tregear, Edward (1891) Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary‎, Wellington, New Zealand: Lyon and Blair, pages 435-6
* ↑ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “ruru”, in POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online

### Further reading

* Williams, Herbert William (1917) “ruru”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 411
* “ruru” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

## Quechua
### Noun

ruru
* fruit, seed, pit
* product, produce
* egg
* testicle

#### See also

* ruruy

## Tahitian
### Verb

ruru
* tie

## Ternate
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɾu.ɾu/

#### Noun

ruru
* sago midrib

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɾu.ɾu/

#### Noun

ruru
* a leaf dustpan

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɾu.ɾu/

#### Verb

ruru
* (intransitive) to drift

##### Conjugation
### References

* Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

## West Makian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈru.ru/

### Noun

ruru
* ashes

### References

* Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics
# a horcajadas
## Spanish
### Adverb

a horcajadas
* (idiomatic) astride, straddling

#### Related terms

* ahorcajarse

### Further reading

* “a horcajadas”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# hnací
## Czech
### Etymology

From hnát +‎ -cí.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦnat͡siː]

### Adjective

hnací
* driving, propellant, propelling
    hnací energie ― driving energy

#### Related terms

* hnaný

### Further reading

* “hnací”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “hnací”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# rybář
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rybařь. By surface analysis, ryba +‎ -ář.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈrɪbaːr̝̊]
* Hyphenation: ry‧bář

### Noun

rybář m anim (female equivalent rybářka, relational adjective rybářský, possessive adjective rybářův, diminutive rybáříček)
* fisher (person)

#### Derived terms

* rybařit impf
* rybářství n

#### Related terms

* ryba f
* rybárna f
* rybolov m inan
* velrybář m anim

### Further reading

* “rybář”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “rybář”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “rybář”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# uspávací
## Czech
### Etymology

From uspávat +‎ -cí.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈuspaːvat͡siː]

### Adjective

uspávací
* sedative, soporific, tranquilizer, sleeping

#### Related terms

* uspávající

### Further reading

* “uspávací”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “uspávací”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “uspávací”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)