OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# symbioza
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɘmˈbjɔ.za/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔza
* Syllabification: sym‧bio‧za

### Noun

symbioza f
* (biology) symbiosis
* coexistence
    Synonyms: koegzystencja, współistnienie, współżycie

#### Related terms

* symbiotyczny
* symbiotycznie
* symbiont

### Further reading

* symbioza in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* symbioza in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# episodic
## English
### Alternative forms

* episodick (obsolete)

### Etymology

From episode +‎ -ic. Compare French épisodique.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌɛp.ɪˈsɒd.ɪk/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (US, Canada) IPA: /ˌɛp.ɪˈsɑ.dɪk/, [ˌɛp.ɪˈsɑ.ɾɪk]
* (General Australian) IPA: /ˌep.ɪˈsɔd.ɪk/, [ˌep.ɪˈsɔɾ.ɪk]
    Rhymes: -ɒdɪk

### Adjective

episodic (comparative more episodic, superlative most episodic)
* Relating to an episode.
** 1999, The Limey (movie)
    When I'm not honing my craft in episodic television, I do double-duty as a voice coach.
* Sporadic, happening infrequently and irregularly.
    Fortunately, my episodic bouts of dizziness didn't prevent me from climbing Chichen Itzá.
* (literature) Consisting of a sequence of seemingly unconnected episodes.
    I just read five attempts at episodic novels — has nobody heard of a plot anymore?

#### Synonyms

* episodical

#### Derived terms

* episodically
* episodic dyscontrol syndrome
* episodicity
* episodic memory
* episodic wave
* multiepisodic
* nonepisodic
* webisodic

#### Translations
## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French épisodique.

### Adjective

episodic m or n (feminine singular episodică, masculine plural episodici, feminine and neuter plural episodice)
* episodic

#### Related terms

* episod
# verdelgen
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch verdeligen, from Old Dutch fardiligon. Equivalent to ver- +‎ delgen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vərˈdɛl.ɣə(n)/, /vɛrˈdɛl.ɣə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ver‧del‧gen
* Rhymes: -ɛlɣən

### Verb

verdelgen
* (transitive) to exterminate

#### Derived terms

* verdelger
* verdelging
* verdelgster

#### Descendants

* Negerhollands: vertilg
# picaña
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* picoña

### Etymology

From pico (“beak; prong”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piˈkaɲa/ [piˈkɑ.ɲɐ]
* Rhymes: -aɲa
* Hyphenation: pi‧ca‧ña

### Noun

picaña f (plural picañas)
* two-pronged hoe
    Synonym: ranqueiro

#### Related terms

* picaraña
* pico

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “picaña”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “picaña”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “picaña”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Spanish
### Etymology

Possibly derived from earlier picana.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piˈkaɲa/ [piˈka.ɲa]
* Rhymes: -aɲa
* Syllabification: pi‧ca‧ña

### Noun

picaña f (plural picañas)
* a type of rump steak; picanha

#### Descendants

* →? Portuguese: picanha
** → English: picanha
** → French: picanha
# प्रतिपक्ष
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit प्रतिपक्ष (pratipakṣa). By surface analysis, प्रति (prati) +‎ पक्ष (pakṣ).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pɾə.t̪ɪ.pəkʂ/, [pɾɐ.t̪ɪ.pɐkʃ]

### Noun

प्रतिपक्ष • (pratipakṣ) m
* rival group, opposing party
* rival, adversary, foe
* (politics) opposition
* direct opposite (of something)
* (rhetoric, philosophy) antithesis

#### Derived terms

* प्रतिपक्षात्मक (pratipakṣātmak)
* प्रतिपक्षी (pratipakṣī)

#### Related terms

* प्रतिपक्षता (pratipakṣatā)
* प्रतिपक्षत्व (pratipakṣatva)

### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “प्रतिपक्ष”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “प्रतिपक्ष”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* Platts, John T. (1884) “प्रतिपक्ष”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
# nedbalost
## Czech
### Etymology

From nedbalý +‎ -ost.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛdbalost]

### Noun

nedbalost f
* carelessness, negligence
* (law) negligence

#### Related terms

* nedbalý

### Further reading

* “nedbalost”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “nedbalost”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “nedbalost”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Bryn
## English
### Etymology

From Welsh bryn (“hill, mound”) or, in the Greater Manchester place-name, Cumbric brinn (“hill”).

### Proper noun

Bryn
* A male given name from Welsh.
* A female given name from Welsh in occasional modern use.
* Part of several place names in Wales and elsewhere.
* A suburb of Ashton-in-Makerfield, Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester, England (OS grid ref SD5700).
* A village and community in Neath Port Talbot county borough, Wales (OS grid ref SS8192).

#### Derived terms

* Bryn-crug

### Anagrams

* Byrn
# żyłka
## Polish
### Etymology

From żyła +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʐɘw.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘwka
* Syllabification: żył‧ka
* Homophone: Żyłka

### Noun

żyłka f (diminutive żyłeczka)
* (anatomy) diminutive of żyła; veinlet
* (fishing) fishing line
* (colloquial) knack, acumen
* (botany) midrib, nerve (of a plant leaf)
* (geology) vein (sheetlike body of crystallized minerals within a rock)
* (zoology) vein (nervure of an insect’s wing)

#### Derived terms

* żyłkowany
* żyłkowaty
* żyłkowanie

### Further reading

* żyłka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* żyłka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# zḥ-nṯr
## Egyptian
### Etymology

From zḥ (“booth, hall, embalmer’s workshop”) +‎ nṯr (“god”) in a direct genitive construction, thus literally ‘booth of the god’, ‘divine booth’. The written form demonstrates honorific transposition.

### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /zɛh nɛt͡ʃɛr/
** Conventional anglicization: zeh-netjer

### Proper noun

m
* the mythological booth or hall in which Anubis cleaned and embalmed the corpse of Osiris [since the Pyramid Texts]

#### Alternative forms

| zḥ-nṯr | zḥ-nṯr |
| | [Old Kingdom] |

#### Derived terms

* ḫntj-zḥ-nṯr

### Noun

m
* small wooden chapel [Old Kingdom and 18th Dynasty]
* temple [since the 18th Dynasty]
* chamber in a temple [Greco-Roman Period]

#### Alternative forms

See the alternative forms under the proper noun above.

### References

* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 465.1–465.13
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 237
# anarcha-feministic
## English
### Etymology

From anarcha-feminist +‎ -ic.

### Adjective

anarcha-feministic (comparative more anarcha-feministic, superlative most anarcha-feministic)
* Of or relating to anarcha-feminism or feminist anarchy.

#### Derived terms

* anarcha-feministically
# Berito
## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin Bērȳtus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beˈri.to/
* Rhymes: -ito
* Hyphenation: Be‧rì‧to

### Proper noun

Berito m
* Berytus (an ancient city in modern Lebanon; modern Beirut)

#### Related terms

* beritense

### Anagrams

* orbite, terbio, tiorbe

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin Bērȳtus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /beˈɾito/ [beˈɾi.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -ito
* Syllabification: Be‧ri‧to

### Proper noun

Berito m
* Berytus (an ancient city in modern Lebanon; modern Beirut)

#### Related terms

* beritense
# asonansowo
## Polish
### Etymology

From asonansowy +‎ -o.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.sɔ.nanˈsɔ.vɔ/
* Rhymes: -ɔvɔ
* Syllabification: a‧so‧nan‧so‧wo

### Adverb

asonansowo (comparative bardziej asonansowo, superlative najbardziej asonansowo)
* (prosody) assonantly

#### Related terms

* asonansowy
* asonacja
* asonancja
* asonans

### Further reading

* asonansowo in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʰ-. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaɣloː/

### Noun

𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉 • (aglō) f
* trouble, tribulation, suffering, anguish
    Synonym: 𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌹𐌸𐌰 (aggwiþa)

#### Declension

Feminine ōn-stem :
| | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉 aglō | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 aglōns |
| Vocative | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉 aglō | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 aglōns |
| Accusative | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉𐌽 aglōn | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 aglōns |
| Genitive | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍃 aglōns | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍉 aglōnō |
| Dative | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉𐌽 aglōn | 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐍉𐌼 aglōm |

#### Related terms

* 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌿𐍃 (aglus)
# အတွဲ
## Burmese
### Etymology

အ- (a.-, “nominal prefix”) +‎ တွဲ (twai:, “to link, attach”).

### Pronunciation

* Phonetic respelling: အ'တွဲ
* IPA: /ʔətwɛ́/
* Romanization: MLCTS: a.twai: • ALA-LC: ʼatvai • BGN/PCGN: ătwè: • Okell: ătwè

### Noun

အတွဲ • (a.twai:)
* bunch, cluster
* couple, pair
* volume (of a book)

#### Derived terms

* အတွဲအဖက် (a.twai:a.hpak)

### Further reading

* “အတွဲ” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
# lir
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlɪr]
* Homophone: lyr

### Noun

lir
* genitive plural of lira

## Danish
### Noun

lir c
* sexually arousing act
* impressive showoff of an instrument or the like

## Irish
### Noun

lir
* genitive singular of lear

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Verb

lir
* present of li

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian lira, from Latin lībra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlir/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ir
* Syllabification: lir

### Noun

lir m animal
* (historical) lira (former unit of currency of Italy, San Marino, and Vatican City)

#### Related terms

* lirowy
* lira

### Further reading

* lir in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* lir in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Swedish
### Noun

lir n
* (colloquial) playing (of a sport, instrument, or game)
    Bra/dåligt lirGood/bad playing
    Vilket lir!Great playing! ("What playing!")
* (colloquial) a (video) game
    Jag spelar ett skoj lirI'm playing a fun video game

#### Related terms

* finlir
* lira (“to play”)

### References

* lir in Svensk ordbok (SO)

## Turkish
### Etymology

From French lyre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈliɾ/
* Rhymes: -iɾ

### Noun

lir (definite accusative liri, plural lirler)
* lyre
# huohottaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic root +‎ -ottaa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhuo̯hotːɑːˣ/, [ˈhuo̞̯ɦo̞t̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uohotːɑː
* Hyphenation: huo‧hot‧taa

### Verb

huohottaa
* (intransitive) to pant

#### Derived terms

* huohotin
* huohottaminen
* huohotus

### Further reading

* “huohottaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# aspektowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From aspekt +‎ -owy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /as.pɛkˈtɔ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: as‧pek‧to‧wy

### Adjective

aspektowy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) aspectual (the way something appears)
* (grammar, relational) aspectual (a grammatical quality of a verb)
* (astrology, relational) aspectual (the relative position of heavenly bodies as they appear to an observer on earth)

#### Related terms

* aspekt
* aspektywa
* aspektować

### Further reading

* aspektowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# bázn
## Old Czech
### Alternative forms

* bázen, bázeň (later)
* bázně (rare)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bojaznь.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈbaːzn/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈbaːzɛn/

### Noun

bázn f
* fear
    uvésti v bázn ― to frighten

#### Related terms

* báti

#### Descendants

* Czech: bázeň

### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “bázn”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# knygynas
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From knygà (“book”) +‎ -ýnas.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [knʲiːˈɡʲiːnɐs]
* Hyphenation: kny‧gy‧nas

### Noun

knygýnas m (plural knygýnai) stress pattern 1
* bookshop, bookstore

#### Related terms

* knygnešỹs
* knygrišỹs
* knygà
* knỹgininkas
* knỹginis
* knỹgiškas

### Further reading

* “knygynas”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
* “knygynas”, in Bendrinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of common Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, n.d.
* “knygynas”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2025
# aspektywa
## Polish
### Etymology

Internationalism; compare English aspective.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /as.pɛkˈtɘ.va/
* Rhymes: -ɘva
* Syllabification: as‧pek‧ty‧wa

### Noun

aspektywa f
* (Egyptology, art) aspective (representation of an image on a flat plane as opposed to having a particular point of view)

#### Related terms

* aspektowy
* aspekt
* aspektować

### Further reading

* aspektywa in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# evanish
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English [Term?], from Old French esvanir, compare Latin evanescere. See evanesce, vanish.

### Verb

evanish (third-person singular simple present evanishes, present participle evanishing, simple past and past participle evanished)
* (archaic, often poetic, intransitive) To vanish.
** 1790, Robert Burns, Tam o'Shanter:Or like the rainbow's lovely form, Evanishing amid the storm.
** 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXV, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 271:So does hope spring from the burning passions, which consume their home and themselves—so does it wander through the future, making its own charmed path—and so does it evanish away: lost in the horizon, it grows at last too faint for outline.

#### Derived terms

* evanishment

### References

* “evanish”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* Avinesh, inshave, vahines
# thumbing a ride
## English
### Verb

thumbing a ride
* present participle and gerund of thumb a ride
# dispensacionalista
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /dispensaθjonaˈlista/ [d̪is.pẽn.sa.θjo.naˈlis.t̪a]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /dispensasjonaˈlista/ [d̪is.pẽn.sa.sjo.naˈlis.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -ista
* Syllabification: dis‧pen‧sa‧cio‧na‧lis‧ta

### Noun

dispensacionalista m or f by sense (plural dispensacionalistas)
* dispensationalist

#### Related terms

* dispencionalismo
# niecenzuralny
## Polish
### Etymology

From nie- +‎ cenzuralny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲɛ.t͡sɛn.zuˈral.nɘ/
* Rhymes: -alnɘ
* Syllabification: nie‧cen‧zu‧ral‧ny

### Adjective

niecenzuralny (not comparable, derived adverb niecenzuralnie)
* unmentionable (too embarrassing or shocking to be discussed)
    Synonym: nieparlamentarny
    Antonym: cenzuralny

#### Derived terms

* niecenzuralność

### Further reading

* niecenzuralny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* niecenzuralny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# czynny
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʂɘn.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘnnɘ
* Syllabification: czyn‧ny

### Adjective

czynny (comparative czynniejszy, superlative najczynniejszy, derived adverb czynnie)
* active
    Synonym: aktywny
    Antonyms: bezczynny, bierny, pasywny
* open (of shops, bars, etc.)
    Synonym: otwarty
    Antonyms: zamknięty, nieczynny
* working, in order, functional
    Synonyms: funkcjonujący, sprawny
    Antonyms: nieczynny, niesprawny
* (chemistry) active
    Antonym: bierny
* (grammar) active
    Antonym: bierny

#### Derived terms

* czynnik
* czynność
* wulkan czynny

### Further reading

* czynny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* czynny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# kiep
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkjɛp/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛp
* Syllabification: kiep

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъpъ.

#### Noun

kiep m pers
* (archaic, derogatory) fool
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:głupiec

##### Derived terms

* kiepski
* kpiarski
* kpiarz
* kpina
* kpać impf
* kpić impf

#### Noun

kiep m inan
* (obsolete) vulva
    Synonym: srom

##### Related terms

* (perhaps) cipa

##### Descendants

* → Belarusian: кеп (kjep)
* → Russian: кеп (kep)
* → Ukrainian: кеп (kep)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Kippe.

#### Noun

kiep m inan
* (colloquial) cigarette butt
    Synonyms: niedopałek, ogarek, pet
* (colloquial, derogatory) cigarette
    Synonyms: cygareta, fajek, fajka, kopeć, papieros, pet, szlug

##### Declension
### Further reading

* kiep in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kiep in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# depresivo
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French dépressif.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /depɾeˈsibo/ [d̪e.pɾeˈsi.β̞o]
* Rhymes: -ibo
* Syllabification: de‧pre‧si‧vo

### Adjective

depresivo (feminine depresiva, masculine plural depresivos, feminine plural depresivas)
* depressive
    Synonym: deprimido

#### Derived terms

* antidepresivo

### Further reading

* “depresivo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# atest
## English
### Etymology

ate +‎ -est

### Verb

atest
* (archaic) second-person singular simple past indicative of eat

### Anagrams

* Tates, Teats, State, teats, state, Tetas, taste, Testa, testa, aetts, Satet

## Kashubian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Polish atest. Compare Slovincian atest.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈa.tɛst/
* Rhymes: -atɛst
* Syllabification: a‧test

### Noun

atest m inan
* attestation, certificate
    Synonyms: certifikat, zaswiôdczenié, swiadectwò

#### Derived terms

* atestowac

### Further reading

* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “atest”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
* Sychta, Bernard (1967) “atest”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volumes 1 (A – Ǵ), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 7
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “atest”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “atest”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* adest (Chełmno-Dobrzyń)

### Etymology

Borrowed from German Attest. Compare Slovincian atest.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈa.tɛst/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -atɛst
* Syllabification: a‧test

### Noun

atest m inan
* attestation, certificate
    Synonyms: (dated) atestacja, (dated) atestat, certyfikat

#### Derived terms

* atestować

#### Related terms

* atestacyjny
* atestacja
* atestat

#### Descendants

* → Kashubian: atest

### Further reading

* atest in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* atest in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Slovincian
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Attest. Compare Kashubian atest and Polish atest.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈtɛst/
* Rhymes: -ɛst
* Syllabification: a‧test

### Noun

atest m inan
* attestation, certificate

#### Related terms

* atastérac impf, zaatastérac pf

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “atèst”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 7
# buzzer
## English
### Etymology

From buzz +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈbʌzə/
* (US) IPA: /ˈbʌzɚ/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌzə(ɹ)

### Noun

buzzer (plural buzzers)
* One who, or that which, buzzes; an insect that buzzes.
** c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene v]:And wants not buzzers to infect his ear / With pestilent speeches of his father's death.
** 1895, George Meredith, The Amazing Marriage:... it left, however, a bee at his ear and an itch to transfer the buzzer's attentions and tease his darling; for she had betrayed herself as right good game.
* A device that makes a buzzing sound.
    If you think you know the answer to the question, hit the buzzer as fast as you can.
* (US slang) A police badge.
** 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin, published 2011, page 28:I flipped my wallet open on her desk and let her look at the buzzer pinned to the flap.
* (cricket, slang) A run scored from an overthrow.
* (obsolete) A gossip.
** c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene v]:Her brother is in secret come from France, Feeds on this wonder, keeps himself in clouds And wants not buzzers to infect his ear With pestilent speeches of his father's death.

#### Derived terms

* buzzer-beater
* buzzer flag
* buzzer phone
* joy buzzer
* kirkbuzzer
* moll buzzer
* tail-buzzer

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: ブザー (buzā)
# chromosphere
## English
### Etymology

From chromo- +‎ -sphere.

### Noun

chromosphere (plural chromospheres)
* (astronomy) The faint pink extension of a star's atmospheric envelope between the corona and the photosphere

#### Derived terms

* chromospheric
# rekapitulować
## Polish
### Etymology

Adapted borrowing of Latin recapitulō +‎ -ować.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛ.ka.pi.tuˈlɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: re‧ka‧pi‧tu‧lo‧wać

### Verb

rekapitulować impf (perfective zrekapitulować)
* (transitive, literary) to recapitulate (to summarize or repeat in concise form)
    Synonyms: podsumowywać, streszczać

#### Related terms

* rekapitulacja

### Further reading

* rekapitulować in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* rekapitulować in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# reciprocitarian
## English
### Etymology

From reciprocity +‎ -arian.

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˌrɛsəˌprɑsəˈtɛriən/

### Noun

reciprocitarian (plural reciprocitarians)
* One who believes that trading should take the form of a reciprocal relationship, with the same conditions on each side.

#### Derived terms

* reciprocitarianism

#### Related terms

* reciprocal
* reciprocate
# alsaština
## Czech
### Etymology

From alsaský (“Alsatian”) +‎ -ština.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈalsaʃcɪna]
* Rhymes: -ɪna
* Hyphenation: al‧sa‧š‧ti‧na

### Noun

alsaština f
* Alsatian (language or dialect)

#### Related terms

* Alsasan m
* Alsasanka f
* Alsasko n
* alsaský

### Further reading

* “alsaština”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
# cwany
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čьvanъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡sfa.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -anɘ
* Syllabification: cwa‧ny

### Adjective

cwany (comparative cwańszy, superlative najcwańszy, derived adverb cwanie)
* (colloquial) crafty, cunning, shifty, sly
    Synonyms: chytry, krętacki, sprytny, szczwany

#### Derived terms

* cwaniacki
* cwaniactwo
* cwaniak
* cwaniara
* wycwanić

### Further reading

* cwany in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* cwany in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego/cwany on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource $^{pl}$
# memetyka
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from English memetics. By surface analysis, mem +‎ -yka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (prescriptive) /mɛˈmɛ.tɘ.ka/, (colloquial) /mɛ.mɛˈtɘ.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛtɘka, -ɘka
* Syllabification: me‧me‧ty‧ka

### Noun

memetyka f
* memetics (study of memes and their social and cultural effects)
    Hypernym: nauka

#### Related terms

* memetyczny
* mem
* memotyp
* mempleks

### Further reading

* memetyka in Polish dictionaries at PWN