OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# huoahtaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

huoata (“to sigh”) +‎ -ahtaa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhuo̯.ɑhtɑːˣ/, [ˈhuo̞̯.ɑ̝xt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uoɑhtɑː
* Hyphenation: huo‧ah‧taa

### Verb

huoahtaa (intransitive)
* to sigh briefly
* to rest briefly, to take a break

#### Synonyms

* huokaista

#### Derived terms

* huoahdella
* huoahdus
* huoahtaminen

### Further reading

* “huoahtaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# oczwisty
## Old Polish
### Etymology

From oczy +‎ Proto-Slavic *vistъ. First attested in 1431.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /ɔt͡ʃʲfistɨ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ɔt͡ʃʲfistɨ/

### Adjective

oczwisty (derived adverb oczywiście)
* (law) in person
** 1856-1870 [1431], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki‎, volume VII, number 342:Habent (sc. nobiles) terminum personalem oczwisti hic in castro feria quarta proxima post incepcionem terminorum terrestrium, quando clamabuntur iudicare[Habent (sc. nobiles) terminum personalem oczwisty hic in castro feria quarta proxima post incepcionem terminorum terrestrium, quando clamabuntur iudicare]

#### Derived terms

* oczwistny
* oczywistnion
* oczwistność
* oczwistość

#### Descendants

* Polish: oczywisty
** Kashubian: òczëwisti
* Silesian: ôczywisty

### References

* Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “oczwisty”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
* Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “oczwisty”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “oczwisty”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
# fajnie
## Polish
### Etymology

From fajny +‎ -ie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfaj.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ajɲɛ
* Syllabification: faj‧nie

### Adverb

fajnie (comparative fajniej, superlative najfajniej)
* (colloquial) cool, great, nice (very interestingly or excitingly)
    Synonyms: fajno, fajowo, fajowsko

#### Related terms

* fajniuchny
* fajny
* fajowski
* fajowy
* fajno
* fajowo
* fajowsko
* fajnować impf

### Further reading

* fajnie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* fajnie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# fajno
## Polish
### Etymology

From fajny +‎ -o.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfaj.nɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ajnɔ
* Syllabification: faj‧no

### Adverb

fajno (comparative fajniej, superlative najfajniej)
* (colloquial) cool, great, nice (very interestingly or excitingly)
    Synonyms: fajnie, fajowo, fajowsko

#### Related terms

* fajniuchny
* fajny
* fajowski
* fajowy
* fajnie
* fajowo
* fajowsko
* fajnować impf

### Further reading

* fajno in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* fajno in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# kuherrella
## Finnish
### Etymology

kuhertaa +‎ -ella

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkuherːelːɑˣ/, [ˈkuɦe̞rˌre̞lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -elːɑ
* Hyphenation: ku‧her‧rel‧la

### Verb

kuherrella
* a verb referring to the phenomenon of young lovers and their tendency to be constantly hugging, kissing, touching and generally just being unable to keep their hands off of one another
* to snuggle up, to get cozy with one another

#### Derived terms

* kuhertelu

### Further reading

* “kuherrella”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

## Ingrian
### Etymology

Cognate with Finnish kuherrella.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈkuherːelːɑ/, [ˈkuhe̞rːe̞ɫː]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈkuherːelːɑ/, [ˈkuhe̞rˌre̞ɫːɑ]
* Rhymes: -uherːelː, -elːɑ
* Hyphenation: ku‧her‧rel‧la

### Verb

kuherrella
* (intransitive, ornithology) to engage in courtship display

#### Conjugation
### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 212
# crack open
## English
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -əʊpən

### Verb

crack open (third-person singular simple present cracks open, present participle cracking open, simple past and past participle cracked open)
* (informal) To open (a bottle, can, etc. of drink, especially alcoholic drink), especially in order to celebrate; also extended to other packaged items.
    crack open a cold one
    Let's crack open a few beers and get the party started.
    After Christmas dinner we cracked open a box of chocolates.
* (informal) To start reading (a book).
    Synonym: crack a book
    You better crack open that algebra textbook if you plan on passing your mid-term exam.
* Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see crack,‎ open.
    I cracked open the fossilised rock with a hammer.

#### Related terms

* nutcracker

#### See also

* church key
* cold one
* pop-top
# čepice
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech čepicě. Uncertain, either from čepec +‎ -ice (ultimately from Proto-Slavic *čepьcь) or from Old High German chappâ (ultimately from Latin cappa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɛpɪt͡sɛ]
* Hyphenation: če‧pi‧ce

### Noun

čepice f
* cap (head covering)
    Synonyms: čapka, čepka

#### Derived terms

* čepičář
* čepička

#### Related terms

* čapka
* čepec
* kapuce
* kápě

### Further reading

* “čepice”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “čepice”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “čepice”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# kuruk
## Old Tupi
### Adjective

kuruk (noun form kuruka)
* grumbly (given to grumbling, complaining)

#### Related terms

* nhe'ẽkurukuruk

### References

* Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “kuruka”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 245, column 2
# lednička
## Czech
### Etymology

From lednice +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlɛdɲɪt͡ʃka]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

lednička f
* fridge
    Synonyms: lednice, chladnička

#### Related terms

* led m

### Further reading

* “lednička”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “lednička”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “lednička”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# mensenkind
## Dutch
### Etymology

From mens +‎ -en- +‎ kind.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmɛn.sə(n)ˌkɪnt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: men‧sen‧kind

### Noun

mensenkind n (plural mensenkinderen)
* human child
* (more generally) a human person
    Daarna zeide Hij tot mij: Mensenkind, eet, wat gij vinden zult; eet deze rol, en ga, spreek tot het huis Israels. (Ez. 3.1; Statenvertaling)Moreover he said unto me, Son of man, eat that thou findest; eat this roll, and go speak unto the house of Israel. ((Ez. 3.1; King James Version)

#### Derived terms

* mensenkinderen (“my goodness!”)
# masztalerz
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* masztelarz

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish masztalerz, from Old Czech marštalér, from Middle High German marstallaere. Compare the now obsolete Czech maštaléř and German Mastaller.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maʂˈta.lɛʂ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -alɛʂ
* Syllabification: masz‧ta‧lerz

### Noun

masztalerz m pers
* currier, equerry

#### Related terms

* masztalerski
* masztalerstwo
* masztalnia
* masztarnia

### References

* ↑ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “masztalerz”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), volume 2, →ISBN

### Further reading

* masztalerz in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* masztalerz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# hymähtää
## Finnish
### Etymology

hymistä (“to hum”) +‎ -ähtää (momentane aspect)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhymæhtæːˣ/, [ˈhymæht̪æː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ymæhtæː
* Hyphenation: hy‧mäh‧tää

### Verb

hymähtää (intransitive)
* to smile shortly, especially with a short "hm" sound
* to scorn, often with ivallisesti (“mockingly”) (to raise a corner of the upper lip slightly, especially in scorn)

#### Derived terms

* hymähdellä
* hymähdys
* hymähtäminen

### Further reading

* “hymähtää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* myhähtää
# hyrähtää
## Finnish
### Etymology

hyr- +‎ -ähtää

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhyræhtæːˣ/, [ˈhyræht̪æː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -yræhtæː
* Hyphenation: hy‧räh‧tää

### Verb

hyrähtää
* (intransitive) to start doing something suddenly, burst into

#### Derived terms

* hyrähdys
* hyrähtäminen
* hyräys

### Further reading

* “hyrähtää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# tantny
## Polish
### Etymology

According to Brückner, learned borrowing from Latin tantus (cf. tantonić). Sense 2 probably comes from the fact that wealthy and rich people are often perceived as arrogant and pride. First attested in the 18th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtant.nɘ/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈtant.nɨ/, /tɒn.tɨ/
* Rhymes: -antnɘ
* Syllabification: tant‧ny

### Adjective

tantny (comparative bardziej tantny, superlative najbardziej tantny, no derived adverb)
* (obsolete) wealthy, affluent
* (obsolete) haughty, supercilious, arrogant

#### Derived terms

* tantniś krzyżówiaczek

### References

* ↑ Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “tantny”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
* ↑ Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “tantny”, in Słownik języka polskiego

### Further reading

* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “tantny”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “tantny”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 20
* M. Arcta Słowniczek wyrazów obcych/Tantny on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource $^{pl}$
* M. Arcta Słownik Staropolski/Tantny on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource $^{pl}$
* M. Arcta Słownik ilustrowany języka polskiego/Tantny on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource $^{pl}$
* Krystyna Holly, Anna Żółtak, editors (2001), “tantny”, in Słownik wyrazów zapomnianych, czyli słownictwo naszych lektur, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, →ISBN
# اورنگ
## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔaw.ˈɾanɡ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäw.ɾǽŋɡ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔäw.ɾǽŋɡ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔäw.ɾǽŋɡ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔäw.ɾǽŋɡ̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔow.ɹǽɲɡʲ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔäw.ɾǽŋɡ]

### Noun

| Dari | اورنگ |
| Iranian Persian | اورنگ |
| Tajik | авранг |
اورنگ • (owrang)
* alternative form of افرنگ (afrang)

#### Derived terms

* اورنگ‌زیب (owrang-zib)
* هفت اورنگ (haft owrang)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: övrəng
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: औरंग (auraṅg)
    Urdu: اورنگ (aurang)
* → Ottoman Turkish: اَوْرَنْك (evrenk)
** Turkish: evrenk
* → Pashto: اورنګ (awrang)
* → Punjabi:
** Gurmukhi script: ਔਰੰਗ (auraṅg)
** Shahmukhi script: اَوْرَنْگ (aurang)

## Punjabi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اورنگ (awrang).

### Noun

اَوْرَنْگ • (aurang) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਔਰੰਗ)
* throne
    Synonym: تَخْت (taxt)

#### Related terms

* اَوْرَنْگزیب (aurangzeb, “Aurangzeb”)

### Further reading

* Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “اَورَنگ”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اورنگ (awrang).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɔː.ɾəŋɡ/

### Noun

اَورَن٘گ • (auraṅg) m (Hindi spelling औरंग)
* throne
    Synonym: تَخْت (taxt)

#### Related terms

* اَورَن٘گْزیب (auraṅgzeb, “Aurangzeb”)

### Further reading

* Platts, John T. (1884) “اورنگ”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* “اورنگ”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
# Tatry
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtatrɪ]
* Rhymes: -atrɪ

### Proper noun

Tatry f pl (relational adjective tatranský)
* Tatras, Tatra Mountains

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Tatry”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “Tatry”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta.trɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -atrɘ
* Syllabification: Ta‧try
* Homophone: tatry

### Proper noun

Tatry nvir pl
* Tatra Mountains (a mountain range in Carpathians)

#### Derived terms

* tatrzański
* taterniczka
* taternik
* tatryt
* tatrzanka

#### Related terms

* taternicki
* taterniczy
* taternictwo

### Further reading

* Tatry in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* Tatry in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈta.tri/

### Proper noun

Tatry f pl (genitive singular Tatier, declension pattern of žena)
* Tatra Mountains

#### Derived terms

* tatranský
* Belianske Tatry
* Nízke Tatry
* Vysoké Tatry

### Further reading

* “Tatry”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# Cesarea
## Catalan
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Caesarēa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [sə.zəˈɾe.ə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [se.zaˈɾe.a]
* Hyphenation: Ce‧sa‧re‧a

### Proper noun

Cesarea f
* Caesarea (any of numerous ancient cities in the Roman Empire)
* Caesarea (a modern town in Israel)

#### Related terms

* Cèsar

## Italian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Caesarēa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃe.zaˈrɛ.a/
* Rhymes: -ɛa
* Hyphenation: Ce‧sa‧rè‧a

### Proper noun

Cesarea f
* Caesarea (any of numerous ancient cities in the Roman Empire)
* Caesarea (a modern town in Israel)

#### Related terms

* Cesare

## Spanish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Caesarēa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /θesaˈɾea/ [θe.saˈɾe.a]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /sesaˈɾea/ [se.saˈɾe.a]
* Rhymes: -ea
* Syllabification: Ce‧sa‧re‧a

### Proper noun

Cesarea f
* Caesarea (any of numerous ancient cities in the Roman Empire)
* Caesarea (a modern town in Israel)

#### Related terms

* César
# hähättää
## Finnish
### Etymology

hähä +‎ -ttää, from the onomatopoeia for a cruel laughter.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhæhætːæːˣ/, [ˈhæhæt̪ːæː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -æhætːæː
* Hyphenation: hä‧hät‧tää

### Verb

hähättää
* (intransitive) to laugh in a cruel or jeering manner

#### Derived terms

* hähättäminen
* hähätys

### Further reading

* “hähättää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* häthätää
# fijn
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch fijn, from Old French fin, from Latin fīnis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɛi̯n/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: fijn
* Rhymes: -ɛi̯n

### Adjective

fijn (comparative fijner, superlative fijnst)
* nice, pleasant
* fine, thin
* delicate, meticulous

#### Antonyms

* grof

#### Derived terms

* fijnheid
* fijnmalen
* fijnmazig
* fijnstraal
* fijntjes
* fijnzinnig
* haarfijn
* ragfijn
* verfijnen

#### Descendants

* Berbice Creole Dutch: fini
* Negerhollands: fien, fin
* → Papiamentu: fini
* → Sranan Tongo: feni, fini
** → Caribbean Javanese: fini
** → Saramaccan: fínu
# gubbupest
## Icelandic
### Etymology

From gubba +‎ pest.

### Noun

gubbupest f (genitive singular gubbupestar, nominative plural gubbupestir)
* stomach flu, stomach bug, gastroenteritis, any contagious illness that causes vomiting
    Synonym: ælupest

#### Related terms

* magapest (“stomach flu”)
# consumista
## Catalan
### Etymology

From consum +‎ -ista.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [kun.suˈmis.tə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [kon.suˈmis.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [kon.suˈmis.ta]

### Adjective

consumista m or f (masculine and feminine plural consumistes)
* consumerist

### Noun

consumista m or f by sense (plural consumistes)
* consumerist

#### Related terms

* consumisme

### Further reading

* “consumista” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “consumista”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “consumista” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

## Galician
### Etymology

From consumo +‎ -ista.

### Adjective

consumista m or f (plural consumistas)
* consumerist

### Noun

consumista m or f by sense (plural consumistas)
* consumerist

#### Related terms

* consumismo

### Further reading

* “consumista”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Italian
### Etymology

From consumo +‎ -ista.

### Adjective

consumista (masculine plural consumisti, feminine plural consumiste)
* (relational) consumer; consumerist, consumeristic
    Synonym: consumistico

### Noun

consumista m or f by sense (masculine plural consumisti, feminine plural consumiste)
* consumerist

#### Related terms

* consumismo

### Further reading

* consumista in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Anagrams

* consumasti, cuntassimo

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From consumo +‎ -ista.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /kõ.suˈmis.tɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /kõ.suˈmis.tɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /kõ.suˈmiʃ.tɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /kõ.suˈmis.ta/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kõ.suˈmiʃ.tɐ/
* Hyphenation: con‧su‧mis‧ta

### Adjective

consumista m or f (plural consumistas)
* consumerist

### Noun

consumista m or f by sense (plural consumistas)
* consumerist

#### Related terms

* consumismo

### Further reading

* “consumista”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From consumo +‎ -ista.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /konsuˈmista/ [kõn.suˈmis.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -ista
* Syllabification: con‧su‧mis‧ta

### Adjective

consumista m or f (masculine and feminine plural consumistas)
* consumer, consumerist

### Noun

consumista m or f by sense (plural consumistas)
* consumer

#### Derived terms

* anticonsumista

#### Related terms

* consumismo

#### Further reading

* “consumista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# potwór
## Polish
### Etymology

From earlier potwora, from Proto-Slavic *potvora. By surface analysis, deverbal from potworzyć. Compare Slovak potvora and Ukrainian потво́ра (potvóra). Also compare the semantic development of English creature.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpɔ.tfur/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔtfur
* Syllabification: po‧twór

### Noun

potwór m animal (female equivalent potwora, diminutive potworek)
* monster, fiend

#### Derived terms

* potworny
* potworniak

#### Related terms

* potwornie
* potworność
* potworzyć impf

### Further reading

* potwór in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* potwór in Polish dictionaries at PWN

### Anagrams

* powrót
* powtór
# hölöttää
## Finnish
### Etymology

hölistä +‎ -öttää

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhøløtːæːˣ/, [ˈhø̞lø̞t̪ːæː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -øløtːæː
* Hyphenation: hö‧löt‧tää

### Verb

hölöttää
* (intransitive) to blabber (to run one's mouth in such a way as to spoil a surprise)

#### Derived terms

* hölösuu

### Further reading

* “hölöttää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# odśnieżyć
## Polish
### Etymology

From od- +‎ śnieg +‎ -yć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔtˈɕɲɛ.ʐɘt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛʐɘt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: od‧śnie‧żyć

### Verb

odśnieżyć pf (imperfective odśnieżać)
* (transitive) to clear of snow

#### Derived terms

* odśnieżarka

### Further reading

* odśnieżyć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* odśnieżyć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# hätkähtää
## Finnish
### Etymology

Sound-symbolic +‎ -ähtää

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhætkæhtæːˣ/, [ˈhæt̪k̟æht̪æː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ætkæhtæː
* Hyphenation: hät‧käh‧tää

### Verb

hätkähtää
* (intransitive) to startle, to twitch
* (transitive, usually atelic) to be startled by

#### Derived terms

* hätkähdellä
* hätkähdys
* hätkähdyttää
* hätkähtäminen
* hätkäyttää

### References

* ↑ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “hätkähtää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# payés
## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Participle

payés m pl
* masculine plural of payé

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Catalan pagès. Doublet of país.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paˈʝes/ [paˈʝes]
* IPA: (everywhere but Argentina and Uruguay) /paˈʝes/ [paˈʝes]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /paˈʃes/ [paˈʃes]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /paˈʒes/ [paˈʒes]
* Rhymes: -es
* Syllabification: pa‧yés

### Adjective

payés (feminine payesa, masculine plural payeses, feminine plural payesas)
* of or from the countryside

#### Derived terms

* tortilla payesa

### Noun

payés m (plural payeses)
* (Spain, Catalonia) farmer, peasant

### Further reading

* “payés”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# verstand
## Dutch
### Etymology

Derived from verstaan. Compare Old High German firstant.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vərˈstɑnt/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑnt
* Hyphenation: ver‧stand

### Noun

verstand n (uncountable, diminutive verstandje n)
* reason, mind, intellect, brains, wit
* understanding, knowledge

#### Derived terms

* boerenverstand
* met dien verstande
* verstandelijk
* verstandhouding
* verstandig
* verstandigheid
* verstandskies

#### Descendants

* Negerhollands: verstand, verstant
* → Sranan Tongo: ferstan
** → Caribbean Javanese: ferstang, perstang

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ant

### Verb

verstand
* first/third-person singular preterite of verstehen
# biophilosophical
## English
### Etymology

From bio- +‎ philosophical.

### Adjective

biophilosophical (not comparable)
* Relating to biophilosophy.

#### Derived terms

* biophilosophically