# šzp
## Egyptian
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (verb): (reconstructed) IPA: /ˈʃaːzap/ → /ˈʃaːp/ → /ˈʃaːp/ → /ˈʃoːp/
* (verb): (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ˈʃaːzap/
* (verb): (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /ˈʃaːp/
* (verb): (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /ˈʃaːp/
* (verb): (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /ˈʃoːp/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /ʃɛzɛp/
** Conventional anglicization: shezep

#### Verb

3-lit.
* (transitive) to grasp, to physically take up without force (+ n: to, for (oneself); + m: with, into (one’s hand); + m-ꜥ: from (someone))
** c. 2323 BCE – 2291 BCE, Pyramid Texts of Teti — west wall of the antechamber, line 51–52, spell 373.1–373.4: ḏd-mdw jhj jhj ṯz ṯw ttj pw šzp n.k tp.k jnq n.k qsw.k sꜣq n.k [ꜥ]w[t].k wḫꜣ n.k tꜣ jr j(w)f.kRecitation: Oho, oho! Pick yourself up, O Teti: take to you your head, draw together to you your bones, gather to you your [limb]s, shake out the earth from your flesh.
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 3–5: šzp ḫrpw ḥw mjnt ḥꜣtt rḏj.t(j) ḥr tꜣThe mallet has been taken, the mooring post has been struck, and the prow rope is set on land.
* (transitive, intransitive) to accept, to receive, to take into one’s possession without force (objects, payments, bribes, land, a crown, etc.) (+ n: to, for (oneself); + m-ꜥ: from (someone))
* (transitive) to receive, to be given (something abstract: favor, life, truth, pleasure, time, etc.)
** c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 18–19: pr.n.f mḏḥ.w m wḏ n(j) gbb šzp.n.f ḥqꜣt jdbwj wrrt mn.tj m tp.fHe came forth wreathed at the command of Geb, having received the rulership of the Two Riverbanks (Egypt), the White Crown fixed upon his head.
* (intransitive with m or transitive, chiefly Late Egyptian) to accept, to admit (a delivery) (+ m: from (a place); + m-dj: from (someone))
* (transitive) to accept, to receive (offerings)
* (transitive) to partake of (food or drink), to take to eat or drink
** c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.9–1.10: (j)m ꜣtw r jwf r gs skn šzp dj.f n.kDon’t raven after meat next to a voracious man; partake when he gives to you.
* (transitive, medicine, of the vessels of the body) to absorb (medicine, disease, poison, etc.)
* (transitive) to catch (fish)
* (transitive) to assume, to take (a seat or place)
* (transitive) to accept, to assume, to take on (an office or title)
* (transitive, of people, buildings, or arms) to welcome, to admit, to cordially receive (someone; also, the dead into the afterworld)
* (transitive) to take in, to harbor (exiles) [19th Dynasty]
* (transitive) to listen to (words, speech, praises, etc.)
* (transitive) to breathe, to take in (air, breath, etc.)
* (transitive, intransitive, of women or female animals) to receive sexually, to have sex (with)
* (transitive) to become characterized by (an emotion or abstract quality: happiness, old age, dignity, etc.)
* (transitive, of the heart/mind) to be pleased by, to find agreeable or dear
* (transitive) to take on (an opponent) in battle
* (transitive) to move into (a building or temple chamber) [Greco-Roman Period]
* (transitive) to set out on, to commence (a fight, a path, a new year, etc.)

##### Alternative forms

| šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp |
| [since the Pyramid Texts] | [since the Pyramid Texts] | [Old Kingdom] | [Old Kingdom] | [Old Kingdom] | [since the Middle Kingdom] | [since the Middle Kingdom] | [since the Middle Kingdom] |
| sšp | šzp | šp | šzp | šzp | šzp |
| [Middle Kingdom] | [Late Period] | [Late Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] | [Greco-Roman Period] |
| | in hieratic |

##### Derived terms

* šzp ꜣwt-jb (“beginning of joy”)
* šzp ꜣs (“hurry”)
* šzp jꜣw (“become old”)
* šzp ꜥḥꜣ r (“attack”)
* šzp wꜣt (“travel”)
* šzp wnwt bjnt (“have a bad time”)
* šzp bjꜣt (“perform a miracle”)
* šzp fꜣ ṯꜣw (“sail forth”)
* šzp nmtt (“assent to acts”)
* šzp kḥkḥ (“become old”)
* šzp ksw (“crouch”)

##### Descendants

* Demotic: šp
** Coptic: ϣⲱⲡ (šōp)

#### Noun

m
* palm, a measure of length equivalent to 4 ḏbꜥw (“digits”) or $^1$⁄$_7$ of a mḥ (“cubit”) (about 7.5 centimetres) [since the Old Kingdom]
* palm of the hand [New Kingdom]
* grip, grasp [18th Dynasty]

##### Alternative forms

| šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp |
| | [Old Kingdom and since the New Kingdom] | [since the Middle Kingdom] | [since the New Kingdom] | [since the New Kingdom] | [since the New Kingdom] |

##### Descendants

* Demotic: šp
** Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲟⲡ (šop)
** Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲟⲡ (šop)

### Etymology 2

Unknown.

#### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /ʃɛzɛp/
** Conventional anglicization: shezep

#### Noun

m
* statue as a religious image [since the Middle Kingdom]
* sphinx [since the Middle Kingdom]
* image, portrayal, representation (+ n(j): of (a god)) [since the 18th Dynasty]
* relief, image in relief [Greco-Roman Period]

##### Alternative forms

| šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp | šzp |
| | | | abbreviation | abbreviation | abbreviation | abbreviation |

### References

* “šzp (lemma ID 157200)”, “šzp (lemma ID 157160)”, and “šzp (lemma ID 157210)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 530.1–534.2, 535.3–535.9, 536.1–536.11
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 271–272
* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 105, 118, 181, 184, 233–234, 275.
* ↑ Allen, James (2013) A New Concordance of the Pyramid Texts, volume III, Providence: Brown University, PT 373.1–373.4 (Pyr. 654a–654d), T