# αἰδώς
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Uncertain. Beekes mentions that derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eysd- (“to laud, honour”), though semantically attractive, is formally difficult. Expected would be *αἰζώς. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ai̯.dɔ̌ːs/ → /ɛˈðos/ → /eˈðos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ai̯.dɔ̌ːs/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ɛˈdos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ɛˈðos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /eˈðos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /eˈðos/

### Noun

αἰδώς • (aidṓs) f (genitive αἰδοῦς); third declension
* shame
* respect, awe
* reverence
* modesty
** New Testament, First Epistle to Timothy 2:9:Ὡσαύτως καὶ γυναῖκας ἐν καταστολῇ κοσμίῳ μετὰ αἰδοῦς καὶ σωφροσύνης κοσμεῖν ἑαυτάς...Hōsaútōs kaì gunaîkas en katastolêi kosmíōi metà aidoûs kaì sōphrosúnēs kosmeîn heautás...And in the same way, [I desire] that women in decent clothing dress themselves with modesty and temperance...
** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia §139c:Οὐκ ὀρθῶς Ἡρόδοτος εἶπεν ὅτι ἡ γυνὴ ἅμα τῷ χιτῶνι ἐκδύεται καὶ τὴν αἰδῶ· τοὐναντίον γὰρ ἡ σώφρων ἀντενδύεται τὴν αἰδῶ...Ouk orthôs Hēródotos eîpen hóti hē gunḕ háma tôi khitôni ekdúetai kaì tḕn aidô; tounantíon gàr hē sṓphrōn antendúetai tḕn aidô...Not correctly did Herodotus say that a woman, when her chiton [is stripped off], also takes off her modesty: for on the contrary, she who is chaste puts on modesty in its place...

#### Derived terms

* αἰδέομαι (aidéomai)
* αἰδέσιμος (aidésimos)
* αἴδεσις (aídesis)
* αἰδεστός (aidestós)
* αἰδήμων (aidḗmōn)
* αἰδοῖον (aidoîon)
* αἰδοῖος (aidoîos)
* ἀναιδής (anaidḗs)

#### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αἴδομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 34
* ↑ Novum Testamentum Graece, ed. Kurt Aland, Barbara Aland, Johannes Karavidopoulos, Carlo M. Martini, and Bruce M. Metzger, 28th ed. (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2012).

### Further reading

* “αἰδώς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “αἰδώς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “αἰδώς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* αἰδώς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “αἰδώς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G127 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. awe idem, page 56.bashfulness idem, page 64.compunction idem, page 154.confusion idem, page 159.consideration idem, page 163.constraint idem, page 165.decency idem, page 200.deference idem, page 205.demureness idem, page 210.diffldence idem, page 223.dutifulness idem, page 257.honour idem, page 404.mercy idem, page 525.modesty idem, page 538.propriety idem, page 653.regard idem, page 686.reserve idem, page 701.respect idem, page 703.respectfulness idem, page 703.restraint idem, page 705.reticence idem, page 706.reverence idem, page 709.scrupulousness idem, page 743.sedateness idem, page 748.self-consciousness idem, page 750.self-respect idem, page 751.shame idem, page 761.shame-facedness idem, page 761.shyness idem, page 772.veneration idem, page 946.
* “αἰδώς”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011