OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# xxokkja
## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English to shock.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /(ɪ)ʃˈʃɔk.kja/

### Verb

xxokkja (imperfect jixxokkja, past participle xxokkjat, verbal noun xxokkjar)
* to shock

#### Related terms

* xokk
* xokkanti
* xukkjatur
* xukkjatura
# backless
## English
### Etymology

From back +‎ -less.

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈbækləs/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ækləs

### Adjective

backless (not comparable)
* Having no back, especially where one would be expected, as with a chair or a dress.
    a backless surgical gown
** 1885, George Moore, A Mummer's Wife:The apartment was almost dismantled; chairs lay backless about the floor amid china shepherdesses and toreadors; pictures were thrown over the sofa, […]
* (of a person) Having the back uncovered, showing the skin.

#### Derived terms

* backlessness
# kunyas
## English
### Noun

kunyas
* plural of kunya

### Anagrams

* sankyu

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* conyas, cunyas — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

Early borrowing of Spanish cuñas, plural of cuña, from cuño or from Vulgar Latin *cunea, from Latin cuneus. Doublet of kuwoyn.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kunˈjas/ [kʊˈɲas]
** IPA: (no yod coalescence) /kunˈjas/ [kʊn̪ˈjas]
* Rhymes: -as
* Syllabification: kun‧yas

### Noun

kunyás (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜈ᜔ᜌᜐ᜔) (printing, historical)
* quoin
    Synonyms: patos, iwak, kuwoyn, sulpa

#### Derived terms

* ikunyas
* kunyasan
* kunyasin

#### Related terms

* Acuña
* akunyador
* kunyo

#### See also

* ansal
* sinsel

### Further reading

* “kunyas”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
* Panganiban, José Villa (1973) Diksyunaryo-Tesauro Pilipino-Ingles (overall work in Tagalog and English), Quezon City: Manlapaz Publishing Co., page 321
* San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎, La Noble Villa de Pila
** page 18: “Acuñar) Cunyas [(pc)] C. banco, o otra coſa con cuñas”
** page 210: “Cuña) Conyas [(pc)] C. con que hienden la madera grueſa”
** page 349: “Hender) Conyas (pc) C. madera grueſa o piedra con cuñas”
# desprolijo
## Spanish
### Etymology

From des- +‎ prolijo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /despɾoˈlixo/ [d̪es.pɾoˈli.xo]
* Rhymes: -ixo
* Syllabification: des‧pro‧li‧jo

### Adjective

desprolijo (feminine desprolija, masculine plural desprolijos, feminine plural desprolijas)
* sloppy, messy, unkempt

#### Related terms

* desprolijidad

### Further reading

* “desprolijo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Cremnitz
## English
### Proper noun

Cremnitz
* A surname.

#### Derived terms

* Cremnitz white
# venting
## English
### Verb

venting
* present participle and gerund of vent

### Noun

venting (countable and uncountable, plural ventings)
* The act by which something is vented.
** 2007, Samuel Upton Newtan, Nuclear War I and Other Major Nuclear Disasters of the 20th Century, page 94:It wasn't until 1978 that the general public learned that nuclear ventings were not unusual.
* (oil industry) The release of unwanted gas directly into the atmosphere.
    Coordinate term: flaring
** 2023 May 9, Damian Carrington, “‘Mind-boggling’ methane emissions from Turkmenistan revealed”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:Separate research suggests a switch from the flaring of methane to venting may be behind some of these vast outpourings. […] Venting simply releases the invisible methane into the air unburned, which, until recent developments in satellite technology, had been hard to detect.

#### Derived terms

* edge venting

#### Related terms

* sealing
# ġamm
## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English jam.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒamm/

### Noun

ġamm m (plural ġammijiet)
* jam (sweet mixture of fruit boiled with sugar)
* jam (blockage, congestion)

#### Related terms

* ġġammja
# behen
## English
### Etymology

A Medieval Latin transcription of the Arabic بَهْمَن (bahman).

### Noun

behen (uncountable)
* (obsolete) Any of various plants imported into Europe for the pharmaceutical trade in dried form, so of uncertain identity.
** Behen rubrum or red behen: said in some sources to be Salvia haematodes (now Salvia pratensis subsp. haematodes), but in other sources to be Statice limonium, which is a synonym for Limonium vulgare.
*** 1735, John K'Eogh, Botanalogia Universalis Hibernica:The roots and seed of red Behen are Styptic, or Restringent […]
** Behen album or white behen: a thistle native to western and central Asia, Centaurea behen
*** 1862, American Journal of Pharmacy, volume 34, page 549:White Behen is referred by all writers on materia medica to Centaurea Behen L., a plant of Persia and traditionally also of the Lebanon.
** Behen officinarum: Cucubalis behen or Oberna behen, synonyms for Silene vulgaris

#### Derived terms

* behenic

### Anagrams

* heben
# sympathie
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle French sympathie, from Late Latin sympathia, from Ancient Greek συμπάθεια (sumpátheia), from σύν (sún, “with, together”) + πάθος (páthos, “suffering”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -i
* Hyphenation: sym‧pa‧thie

### Noun

sympathie f (plural sympathieën)
* sympathy
    Coordinate term: empathie

#### Derived terms

* sympathiek

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɛ̃.pa.ti/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -i

### Noun

sympathie f (plural sympathies)
* sympathy
    Antonym: antipathie

#### Related terms

* sympa
* sympathique
* sympathisant
* sympathiser

#### Descendants

* → Turkish: sempati

### Further reading

* “sympathie”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Middle French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sympathīa.

### Noun

sympathie f (plural sympathies)
* sympathy (feeling of mutual like)
* harmony
** 1590, Nicolaes de Blocq, La difference qvil y a entre les divinations licites & illicites, pour iuger des changemens & ruines des republiques, page 64:[…] il y a quelques scavans personages qui tiennent pour impossible ce qu'on a volu faire croire à la sympathie entre les causes celestes & choses terrestres […] there are some learned people who believe it is impossible, that which we have been told to believe about the harmony between celestial causes and earthly matters

### References

* Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX$^e$ au XV$^e$ siècle (1881) (sympathie, supplement)
* Etymology and history of “sympathie”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# oftailme
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* oftailmia

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

oftailme f (genitive singular oftailme)
* ophthalmia

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
oftailme
vocative
a oftailme
genitive
oftailme
dative
oftailme
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an oftailme
genitive
na hoftailme
dative
leis an oftailme don oftailme :

#### Derived terms

* xéaroftailmia f (“xerophthalmia”)

#### Related terms

* oftailmeolaíocht f (“ophthalmology”)
* oftailmeolaí m (“ophthalmologist”)
* oftalmach (“ophthalmic”, adjective)
* oftalmacht f (“ophthalmics”)
* oftalmascóp m (“ophthalmoscope”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “oftailme”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “oftailme”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
# delegācija
## Latvian
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin dēlēgātiō +‎ -ācija.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dælːæɡaːtsijːa]
* Hyphenation: de‧le‧gā‧ci‧ja

### Noun

delegācija f (4th declension)
* delegation (a group of people authorized to represent the interests of the government, institution, organization in a congress, conference, etc.)
* (obsolete) mandate (authority, right or competence granted)

#### Related terms

* delegāts m
* deleģēt

### References

* “delegācija” in Latviešu literārās valodas vārdnīca
* “delegācija” in Mūsdienu latviešu valodas vārdnīca
* delegācija at tezaurs.lv
# czapkować
## Polish
### Etymology

From czapka +‎ -ować.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʂapˈkɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: czap‧ko‧wać

### Verb

czapkować impf
* (intransitive, colloquial) to cap (to salute by uncovering the head respectfully) [with dative ‘whom’]
    Synonym: kłaniać się
* (intransitive, colloquial, figurative) to kowtow (to show submissiveness) [with przed (+ instrumental) ‘to whom’]

#### Related terms

* czapkobicie

### Further reading

* czapkować in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* czapkować in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ácido timidílico
## Spanish
### Noun

ácido timidílico m (plural ácidos timidílicos)
* (organic chemistry) thymidylic acid

#### Related terms

* timidilato
* timidílico
* timidina
# uosabiać
## Polish
### Etymology

From uosobić +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /u.ɔˈsa.bjat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -abjat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: u‧o‧sa‧biać

### Verb

uosabiać impf (perfective uosobić)
* (transitive) to personify, to embody

#### Related terms

* osoba
* uosobienie

### Further reading

* uosabiać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* uosabiać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# landier
## Maltese
### Etymology

From landa +‎ -ier.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lanˈdɪːr/

### Noun

landier m (plural landiera or landieri, feminine landiera)
* tinsmith

#### Related terms

* landa
# deaden
## English
### Etymology

From dead +‎ -en. Compare Dutch doden (“to kill”), West Frisian deadzje (“to kill”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɛdən/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛdən

### Verb

deaden (third-person singular simple present deadens, present participle deadening, simple past and past participle deadened)
* (transitive) To render less lively; to diminish; to muffle.
* (intransitive) To become less lively; to diminish (by itself).
* (transitive) To make soundproof.
    to deaden a wall or a floor

#### Derived terms

* deadener
* deadeningly
* undeadened

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* deaned
# kategorizace
## Czech
### Noun

kategorizace f
* categorization (the process of sorting or arranging things into categories)

#### Related terms

* kategorický
* kategorie f
* kategorizovat
# redding
## English
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ɛdɪŋ
* Homophone: Reading

### Verb

redding
* present participle and gerund of redd

### Anagrams

* grinded

## Dutch
### Etymology

From redden +‎ -ing.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɛ.dɪŋ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: red‧ding
* Rhymes: -ɛdɪŋ

### Noun

redding f (plural reddingen, diminutive reddinkje n)
* rescue, rescuing
    De duikers waren betrokken bij de redding van de vermiste duiker.The divers were involved in the rescue of the missing diver.
    De brandweermannen zetten hun leven op het spel tijdens de redding van de mensen uit het brandende gebouw.The firefighters risked their lives during the rescue of the people from the burning building.
    Hij voelde een grote opluchting na de geslaagde redding van het drenkeling.He felt a great relief after the successful rescue of the drowning person.

#### Derived terms

* reddingsactie
* reddingsboot
* reddingsbrigade
* reddingsoperatie
* reddingsploeg
* reddingswerk
* reddingswerker
# kupido
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin cupīdō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kuˈpi.dɔ/
* Rhymes: -idɔ
* Syllabification: ku‧pi‧do
* Homophone: Kupido

### Noun

kupido m animal
* (art) cupid, putto, amoretto
    Synonyms: amorek, kupidyn, putto

#### Related terms

* Kupido
* kupidyn
* Kupidyn
* kupidynek

### Further reading

* kupido in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# yearly
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English yeerly, yerely, from Old English ġēarlīċ, ġērlīċ (“yearly, of the year, annual”), equivalent to year +‎ -ly (adjectival suffix) or -ly (adverbial suffix). Cognate with Scots yerelie (“yearly”), Saterland Frisian jierelk (“yearly”), West Frisian jierliks (“yearly”), Dutch jaarlijks (“yearly”), Afrikaans jaarliks (“yearly”), German jährlich (“yearly”), Danish årlig (“yearly”), Norwegian Bokmål årlig (“yearly”), Norwegian Nynorsk årleg (“yearly”), Swedish årlig (“yearly”), Icelandic árlegur (“yearly”).

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˈjɪɹli/, /ˈjɪɚli/, /ˈjɪəɹli/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈjɪəli/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)li
* Hyphenation: year‧ly

### Adjective

yearly (not comparable)
* Happening once every year.
    Christmas is a yearly celebration.
    We deep-clean the kitchen on a yearly basis.
** 2024 June 9, maia arson crimew, “israeli national police found trying to purchase stalkerware”, in maia blog‎:all of these services, including mSpy, function with the same kind of predatory subscription scheme, luring you in with free trials that autorenew as abhorrently expensive monthly or yearly subscriptions. canceling the service requires reaching out to support, so users are typically unable to avoid overrunning the trial.
* Over the course of one year
    a yearly income

#### Synonyms

* annual
* per annum
* perennial

#### Derived terms

* half-yearly
* quarter-yearly
* semiyearly
* twice-yearly

#### Translations
### Adverb

yearly (not comparable)
* Once a year.
* Every year.
** 1919, Boris Sidis, The Source and Aim of Human Progress:With a scanty supply of laws in Hellenic commonwealths or city states what an immense vista for an Aristotle, of that grand, complex, efficient machinery of law, turning out yearly thousands of laws and taboos for the paternalistic control and alleged welfare of the citizen!

#### Synonyms

* annually
* perennially

#### Translations
### Noun

yearly (plural yearlies)
* Something that is published once a year.

#### Translations
### See also

* Thesaurus:frequency

### Anagrams

* yarely
# RVR09
## Spanish
### Proper noun

RVR09 f
* (biblical) Initialism of Reina-Valera de 1909.

#### Related terms

* RVR60
# ucieleśniać
## Polish
### Etymology

From ucieleśnić +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /u.t͡ɕɛˈlɛɕ.ɲat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛɕɲat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: u‧cie‧leś‧niać

### Verb

ucieleśniać impf (perfective ucieleśnić)
* (transitive) to embody, to personify
    Synonym: uosabiać

#### Related terms

* cielesny
* ciało
* ucieleśnienie

### Further reading

* ucieleśniać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ucieleśniać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# aċidu
## Maltese
### Alternative forms

* aċtu (colloquial)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian acido.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaː.t͡ʃɪ.du/

### Noun

aċidu m (plural aċidi)
* (chemistry) acid

#### Related terms

* aċidità
* aċidulat
* aċiduż
# antał
## Polish
### Etymology

Back-formation from antałek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈan.taw/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -antaw
* Syllabification: an‧tał

### Noun

antał m inan
* Augmentative of antałek

#### Related terms

* antałkowy
* antałeczek

#### Descendants

* → Russian: а́нтал (ántal), а́нталь (ántalʹ)
* → Ukrainian: анта́л (antál)

### Further reading

* antał in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* antał in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# pieprznięty
## Polish
### Etymology

From pieprznąć +‎ -ty.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pjɛpʂˈɲɛn.tɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛntɘ
* Syllabification: pieprz‧nię‧ty

### Adjective

pieprznięty (comparative bardziej pieprznięty, superlative najbardziej pieprznięty, no derived adverb)
* (colloquial, somewhat vulgar) loony, nuts, out there, wacky
    Synonyms: jebnięty, kopnięty, niespełna rozumu, pierdolnięty, porąbany, puknięty, rąbnięty, stuknięty, szurnięty, walnięty

#### Related terms

* pieprzny
* pieprzony
* pieprzowy
* pieprzykowaty
* pieprznie
* pieprzno
* pieprz
* pieprzniczka
* pieprznik
* pieprzność
* pieprzyca
* pieprzyk
* pieprznąć pf
* pieprzyć impf

### Participle

pieprznięty (passive adjectival)
* passive adjectival participle of pieprznąć

### Further reading

* pieprznięty in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pieprznięty in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# pengalaman
## Indonesian
### Etymology

alam +‎ peng- -an, from Malay pengalaman.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pəŋaˈlaman]
* Hyphenation: peng‧a‧lam‧an

### Noun

pêngalaman (plural pengalaman-pengalaman)
* experience

#### Hyponyms

* pengalaman keluar jasad
* pengalaman manis
* pengalaman pahit
* pengalaman pribadi
* pengalaman spiritual

### Further reading

* “pengalaman” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Noun

pengalaman (Jawi spelling ڤڠالمن, plural pengalaman-pengalaman, informal 1st possessive pengalamanku, 2nd possessive pengalamanmu, 3rd possessive pengalamannya)
* experience

### Further reading

* “pengalaman” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# minimalizacja
## Polish
### Etymology

From minimalizować +‎ -cja.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mi.ɲi.ma.liˈza.t͡sja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at͡sja
* Syllabification: mi‧ni‧ma‧li‧za‧cja

### Noun

minimalizacja f
* minimalization, minimization
    Antonym: maksymalizacja

#### Related terms

* minimalizować impf
* zminimalizować pf

### Further reading

* minimalizacja in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* minimalizacja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# limpiar
## Spanish
### Etymology

From limpio +‎ -ar, or from a Late Latin limpidāre, from Latin limpidus. Compare Portuguese and Galician limpar, Asturian llimpiar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /limˈpjaɾ/ [lĩmˈpjaɾ]
* Audio (Spain):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: lim‧piar

### Verb

limpiar (first-person singular present limpio, first-person singular preterite limpié, past participle limpiado)
* to clean
* to wash
* to wipe
* (reflexive) to wipe oneself

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* limpiabotas
* limpiacristales
* limpiafosas
* limpiahogar
* limpiaparabrisas
* limpiapipas
* limpiaplatos
* limpiarse
* limpiavidrios

#### See also

* lavar

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “limpiar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

### Further reading

* “limpiar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Hongeren
## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* Ongeren

### Etymology

From Middle Dutch Hongheren; ultimately from the same origin as German Ungarn. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɦɔ.ŋə.rə(n)/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Hongeren n
* (obsolete) Synonym of Hongarije

#### Related terms

* Honger
* Hongers
# etykieta
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French étiquette.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛ.tɘˈkjɛ.ta/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛta
* Syllabification: e‧ty‧kie‧ta

### Noun

etykieta f (diminutive etykietka)
* etiquette (forms to be observed in social or official life)
    Synonym: kurtuazja
* label (small ticket or sign giving information)
* price tag
    Synonyms: metka, nalepka
* label, social stigma (name categorising someone as part of a group)

#### Derived terms

* etykietalny
* etykietować

#### Related terms

* etykietalnie
* etykietkować

### Further reading

* etykieta in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* etykieta in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# aċidità
## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian acidità.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.t͡ʃɪ.dɪˈtaː/

### Noun

aċidità f (plural aċiditajiet)
* (chemistry) acidity
    Synonym: qrusa

#### Related terms

* aċidu
* aċidulat
* aċiduż
# antałeczek
## Polish
### Etymology

From antałek +‎ -ek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /an.taˈwɛ.t͡ʂɛk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛt͡ʂɛk
* Syllabification: an‧ta‧łe‧czek

### Noun

antałeczek m inan
* diminutive of antałek

#### Related terms

* antałkowy
* antał

### Further reading

* antałeczek in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# wstrzymać
## Polish
### Etymology

From ws- +‎ trzymać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfstʂɘ.mat͡ɕ/
* Audio 1; “wstrzymać”:(file)
* Audio 2; “wstrzymać się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘmat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: wstrzy‧mać

### Verb

wstrzymać pf (imperfective wstrzymywać)
* (transitive) to arrest, to stop, to hold up, to rein back
* (reflexive with się) to abstain

#### Derived terms

* powstrzymać pf
* powstrzymywać impf

### Further reading

* wstrzymać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wstrzymać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ujian
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Affixed uji +‎ -an, inherited from Malay ujian.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈud͡ʒian]
* Hyphenation: uji‧an

### Noun

ujian (plural ujian-ujian)
* test, examination.
    Synonyms: pengetesan, pengujian, tes
* result of above.
* (education) examination: A formal test involving answering written or oral questions under a time constraint and usually without access to textbooks; typically, a large, written test administered to high school and college students covering course material studied in a semester.
    Synonym: peperiksaan (Standard Malay)
* trial
    Synonym: cobaan

#### Alternative forms

* oedjian (1901–1947)
* udjian (1947–1972)

#### Compounds

* ujian akhir
* ujian akhir nasional
* ujian diagnostik
* ujian dinas
* ujian esai
* ujian kepandaian
* ujian kesehatan
* ujian kosakata
* ujian lisan
* ujian masuk
* ujian nasional
* ujian negara
* ujian objektif
* ujian penghabisan
* ujian saringan
* ujian sekolah
* ujian susulan
* ujian tengah semester
* ujian tertulis

### Further reading

* “ujian” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

Combination of uji +‎ -an.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ud͡ʒian/
* Rhymes: -ud͡ʒian, -d͡ʒian, -ian, -an
* (Johor-Riau) IPA: [ud͡ʒʲän]

### Noun

ujian (Jawi spelling اوجين, plural ujian-ujian, informal 1st possessive ujianku, 2nd possessive ujianmu, 3rd possessive ujiannya)
* test; examination
    Synonym: peperiksaan
    Ujian akhir tahunYear end exams

### Further reading

* “ujian” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# pykiä
## Finnish
### Etymology 1

Proto-Finnic *pükä- +‎ -iä

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpykiæˣ/, [ˈpyk̟iæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ykiæ
* Hyphenation: py‧kiä

#### Verb

pykiä
* to chap (of the skin, to split or flake due to cold weather or dryness)
* to crack (to form cracks due to drying, shrinking or other such process)
    On ollut niin kuivaa, että maa pykii.It's been so dry that the ground is starting to crack.

##### Synonyms

* (of the skin): halkeilla, sierettyä
* (generally): halkeilla, rakoilla

##### Derived terms

* pykimä
* pykä

##### Related terms

* pykälä

#### Further reading

* “pykiä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpykiæ/, [ˈpyk̟iæ]
* Rhymes: -ykiæ
* Hyphenation: py‧kiä

#### Noun

pykiä
* partitive plural of pykä