# machucar
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* amachucar, machacar

### Etymology

Attested since circa 1300. Probably from machar (“to grind”), from macho (“mallet”), from Latin marculus (“small hammer”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mat͡ʃuˈkaɾ/

### Verb

machucar (first-person singular present machuco, first-person singular preterite machuquei, past participle machucado)
* (transitive) to hurt; to injure with a blunt weapon
    Synonym: magoar
* (transitive) to squash, crush, smash
    Synonym: esmagar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Related terms

* machar
* macho

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “machucar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “machuca”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “machucar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “machucar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “machucar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “machucar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “machucar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From the verb machar (“to grind”), from macho (“mallet”), from Latin marculus (“small hammer”). Compare Spanish machucar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ma.ʃuˈka(ʁ)/ [ma.ʃuˈka(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ma.ʃuˈka(ʁ)/ [ma.ʃuˈka(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /ma.ʃuˈka(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ma.ʃuˈka(ʁ)/ [ma.ʃuˈka(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ma.ʃuˈka(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mɐ.ʃuˈkaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /mɐ.ʃuˈkaɾ/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /mɐ.t͡ʃuˈkaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /mɐ.ʃuˈka.ɾi/

### Verb

machucar (first-person singular present machuco, first-person singular preterite machuquei, past participle machucado)
* (transitive) to hurt (to cause physical pain)
    Synonyms: ferir, magoar
** 1973, Nelson Cavaquinho, Guilherme de Brito (lyrics and music), “A Flor e o Espinho”:Hoje pra você eu sou espinho / Espinho não machuca flor(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (transitive, figurative) to hurt (to cause emotional pain)
    Synonyms: ofender, magoar
** 1975, Juarez Santiago, Alonso da Modinha (lyrics and music), “Ainda gosto dela”, performed by Jacinto Silva:Se ela sentisse saudade / Não me machucava assim / Só porque eu gosto dela / E ela não gosta de mim(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

### Further reading

* “machucar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “machucar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From the verb machar (“to grind”), from macho (“mallet”), from Latin marculus (“small hammer”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mat͡ʃuˈkaɾ/ [ma.t͡ʃuˈkaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: ma‧chu‧car

### Verb

machucar (first-person singular present machuco, first-person singular preterite machuqué, past participle machucado)
* to squash, crush
* to bruise

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* machucador
* machucadura
* machucamiento
* machucón

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: matxucar

### Further reading

* “machucar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10