OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# mellar
## Spanish
### Etymology

Uncertain; possibly of pre-Roman origin, or perhaps from Vulgar Latin *gemellō, *gemellāre, from Latin gemellus (cf. mellizo). See also the related mella.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /meˈʝaɾ/ [meˈʝaɾ]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /meˈʝaɾ/ [meˈʝaɾ]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /meˈʎaɾ/ [meˈʎaɾ]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /meˈʃaɾ/ [meˈʃaɾ]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /meˈʒaɾ/ [meˈʒaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: me‧llar

### Verb

mellar (first-person singular present mello, first-person singular preterite mellé, past participle mellado)
* (transitive) to nick, to dent
    Synonym: abollar
* (transitive) to diminish, to lessen, to reduce

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* mella

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “mellar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
* ↑ “mellar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Further reading

* “mellar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ఒజ్జే
## Telugu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya). Doublet of ఉపాధ్యాయుడు (upādhyāyuḍu), ఓజ (ōja), and ఓజు (ōju).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /od͡ʑːeː/, [od͡ʒːeː]

### Noun

ఒజ్జే • (ojjē) ? (plural ఒజ్జేలు)
* tutor
* priest

#### Derived terms

* ఒజ్జదనము (ojjadanamu)
* ఒజ్జసాని (ojjasāni)
* ఒజ్జేనము (ojjēnamu)

### References

* "ఒజ్జే" in Charles Philip Brown (1903) A Telugu-English dictionary, Madras: Promoting Christian Knowledge, page 207
# fromajifar
## Ido
### Etymology

From fromajo (“cheese”) +‎ -ifar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fromaʒiˈfar/, /fromad͡ʒiˈfar/

### Verb

fromajifar (present tense fromajifas, past tense fromajifis, future tense fromajifos, imperative fromajifez, conditional fromajifus)
* (intransitive) to make cheese

#### Related terms

* fromajiferio (“dairy”)
* fromajifisto (“cheesemaker”)
* fromajifo (“cheesemaking”)
# gremialismo
## Spanish
### Etymology

From gremial +‎ -ismo.

### Noun

gremialismo m (plural gremialismos)
* unionism, trade unionism, guildism, craftsmen's guilds system, system of associations, collectivism, tendency to form associations, tendency to form guilds, old boy networking

#### Related terms

* gremialista
* gremio

### Further reading

* “gremialismo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# oxaloacético
## Spanish
### Adjective

oxaloacético (feminine oxaloacética, masculine plural oxaloacéticos, feminine plural oxaloacéticas)
* oxaloacetic

#### Derived terms

* ácido oxaloacético

#### Related terms

* acético
* oxaloacetato
# mażunerija
## Maltese
### Alternative forms

* frammażunerija

### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian massoneria. Equivalent to mażun +‎ -erija.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.zu.nɛˈriː.ja/

### Noun

mażunerija f (plural mażuneriji)
* masonry, freemasonry

#### Related terms

* mażun (frammażun)
# nytkyttää
## Finnish
### Etymology

nytkyä +‎ -ttää

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnytkytːæːˣ/, [ˈnyt̪k̟yt̪ːæː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ytkytːæː
* Hyphenation: nyt‧kyt‧tää

### Verb

nytkyttää
* (transitive, usually atelic) to jiggle around, to jerk around, to yank around

#### Derived terms

* nytkyttäminen
* nytkytys

### Further reading

* “nytkyttää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* käyttänyt
# boloñés
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /boloˈɲes/ [bo.loˈɲes]
* Rhymes: -es
* Syllabification: bo‧lo‧ñés

### Adjective

boloñés (feminine boloñesa, masculine plural boloñeses, feminine plural boloñesas)
* Bolognese

### Noun

boloñés m (plural boloñeses, feminine boloñesa, feminine plural boloñesas)
* Bolognese

#### Related terms

* Bolonia

### Further reading

* “boloñés”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ɨ́ɨ́rai
## Northern Tepehuan
### Alternative forms

* ʌr̃ai (obsolete)

### Etymology

Cognate with Southeastern Tepehuan ɨꞌɨɨr, O'odham ʼe꞉ʼeḍ.

### Noun

ɨ́ɨ́rai
* blood
** 1947, Alfabeto tepehuana‎, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 1:r̃ ʌr̃ai(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* xiáa ɨ́rai
* ɨ́ɨ́r voogɨ́dɨ
* ɨ́ɨ́rakami
* ɨ́ɨ́ramadai

### References

* Bascom, Burt, Molina, Gregorio (1998) Diccionario tepehuán de Baborigame, Chihuahua‎ (in Spanish), draft edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., pages 65–66
# punnita
## Finnish
### Etymology

punn- +‎ -ita

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpunːitɑˣ/, [ˈpunːit̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -unːitɑ
* Hyphenation: pun‧ni‧ta

### Verb

punnita
* (transitive) to weigh (determine the weight of; measure out a certain amount of something by weight)
* (transitive, figuratively) to evaluate, consider, test (a theory, leadership, etc.)

#### Derived terms

* punninta
* punnitseminen
* punnitsija
* punnitus
* punnituttaa

#### Related terms

* punnus

### Further reading

* “punnita”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# byrokratisoida
## Finnish
### Etymology

Internationalism (see French bureaucratiser); byrokratis- +‎ -oida

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbyroˌkrɑtisoi̯dɑˣ/, [ˈbyro̞ˌkrɑ̝t̪iˌs̠o̞i̯dɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -oidɑ
* Hyphenation: byro‧krati‧soi‧da, by‧rok‧ra‧ti‧soi‧da

### Verb

byrokratisoida
* to bureaucratize

#### Synonyms

* virkavaltaistaa

#### Derived terms

* byrokratisointi
* byrokratisoitua

#### Related terms

* byrokratia

### Further reading

* “byrokratisoida”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# zawilec
## Polish
### Etymology

From zawiły +‎ -iec.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaˈvi.lɛt͡s/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ilɛt͡s
* Syllabification: za‧wi‧lec

### Noun

zawilec m inan
* anemone (any plant of the genus Anemone)
    Synonyms: anemon, (rare) kozie bobki

#### Related terms

* zawiły
* zawile
* zawiłość
* zawić pf

### Further reading

* zawilec in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* zawilec in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# lavrant
## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sicilian lavuranti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lavˈrant/

### Noun

lavrant m (plural lavranti, feminine lavranta)
* laborer

#### Related terms

* lavur
* llavra
# estonština
## Czech
### Etymology

From estonský (“Estonian”) +‎ -ština.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛstonʃcɪna]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪna
* Hyphenation: es‧ton‧šti‧na

### Noun

estonština f
* Estonian (Finno-Ugric language)
    Estonština je ugrofinský jazyk. ― Estonian is a Finno-Ugric language.

#### Related terms

* Estonec m
* Estonka f
* Estonsko n
* estonský

### Further reading

* “estonština”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “estonština”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “estonština” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “estonština”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# stitch and bitch
## English
### Etymology

The name has been used since at least World War II; see Wikipedia article.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

stitch and bitch
* (slang) A group that meets for knitting and chat; a session of their pastime.

#### See also

* paint and sip
# nijpen
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch nipen, from Old Dutch *nīpen, from Proto-West Germanic *hnīpan, from Proto-Germanic *hnīpaną. Likely related to knijpen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈnɛi̯.pə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: nij‧pen
* Rhymes: -ɛi̯pən

### Verb

nijpen
* to pinch, squeeze

#### Derived terms

* benijpen
* nijpend
* nippen
# աղօթք
## Old Armenian
### Alternative forms

* աղաւթք (aławtʻkʻ)

### Etymology

The original spelling is աղաւթք (aławtʻkʻ). A deverbative noun based on աղաչեմ (ałačʻem). For the suffix see ամօթ (amōtʻ).

### Noun

աղօթք • (ałōtʻkʻ) pl
* prayer, orison, supplication
    աղօթս առնել, կանխել յաղօթս, յաղօթս կալ ― ałōtʻs aṙnel, kanxel yałōtʻs, yałōtʻs kal ― to pray, to address oneself to God in prayer; to supplicate

#### Derived terms

* աղօթաբուղխ (ałōtʻabułx)
* աղօթալի (ałōtʻali)
* աղօթալից (ałōtʻalicʻ)
* աղօթակայութիւն (ałōtʻakayutʻiwn)
* աղօթական (ałōtʻakan)
* աղօթականութիւն (ałōtʻakanutʻiwn)
* աղօթակացութիւն (ałōtʻakacʻutʻiwn)
* աղօթակեր (ałōtʻaker)
* աղօթակիր (ałōtʻakir)
* աղօթակից (ałōtʻakicʻ)
* աղօթակցիմ (ałōtʻakcʻim)
* աղօթահայց (ałōtʻahaycʻ)
* աղօթաձիգ (ałōtʻajig)
* աղօթամատոյց (ałōtʻamatoycʻ)
* աղօթանոց (ałōtʻanocʻ)
* աղօթանուէր (ałōtʻanuēr)
* աղօթասէր (ałōtʻasēr)
* աղօթասիրութիւն (ałōtʻasirutʻiwn)
* աղօթատեաց (ałōtʻateacʻ)
* աղօթատեցութիւն (ałōtʻatecʻutʻiwn)
* աղօթատուն (ałōtʻatun)
* աղօթարան (ałōtʻaran)
* աղօթարար (ałōtʻarar)
* աղօթաւոր (ałōtʻawor)
* աղօթեմ (ałōtʻem)
* աղօթընկալ (ałōtʻənkal)
* աղօթկեար (ałōtʻkear)
* աղօթկեր (ałōtʻker)
* աղօթկերութիւն (ałōtʻkerutʻiwn)
* աղօթւոր (ałōtʻwor)
* անաղօթք (anałōtʻkʻ)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: աղոթք (aġotʻkʻ)

### References

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “աղօթք”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 138ab
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “աղաչել”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “աղօթք”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “aɫawt‘-k‘”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 28
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “աղօթք”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
# uneksia
## Finnish
### Etymology

une- +‎ -ksia

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈuneksiɑˣ/, [ˈune̞kˌs̠iɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -iɑ
* Hyphenation: unek‧sia

### Verb

uneksia
* (intransitive) to dream, daydream [with elative ‘of/about’]
    Synonyms: haaveilla, haaveksia, unelmoida
    Hän uneksii rantalomasta.He's dreaming of a beach holiday.
* (intransitive) to dream, see a dream [with elative ‘about’]
    Synonym: nähdä unta

#### Derived terms

* uneksija
* uneksiminen
* uneksinta

### Further reading

* “uneksia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04

### Anagrams

* kausien, suikean

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From uni (“dream”) +‎ -ksia. Akin to Finnish uneksia.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈuneksiɑ/, [ˈune̞kˌs̠iɑ]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈuneksiɑ/, [ˈune̞kˌʃiɑ]
* Rhymes: -iɑ
* Hyphenation: u‧nek‧si‧a

### Verb

uneksia
* (intransitive) to daydream

#### Conjugation
### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 623
# wydajność
## Polish
### Etymology

From wydajny +‎ -ość.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɘˈdaj.nɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ajnɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: wy‧daj‧ność

### Noun

wydajność f
* efficiency, productivity

#### Related terms

* wydajny
* wydajnie

### Further reading

* wydajność in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wydajność in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# confort
## French
### Etymology

From Old French conforter, from Late Latin cōnfortāre (“strengthen greatly”), itself from Latin con- (“together”) + fortis (“strong”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔ̃.fɔʁ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

confort m (plural conforts)
* comfort

#### Derived terms

* zone de confort

#### Related terms

* conforter
* confortable
* confortablement

#### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: قونفور (konfor)
** Turkish: konfor

### Further reading

* “confort”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French confort.

### Noun

confort n (uncountable)
* cosiness

#### Declension
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French confort, from English comfort.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /konˈfoɾt/ [kõɱˈfoɾt̪]
* Rhymes: -oɾt
* Syllabification: con‧fort

### Noun

confort m (plural conforts)
* comfort, ease
    Synonyms: confortabilidad, comodidad
* (colloquial, Chile) toilet paper
    Synonym: papel higiénico

#### Derived terms

* zona de confort

#### Related terms

* confortable
* confortar

### Further reading

* “confort”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Lie
## English
### Proper noun

Lie
* (attributive) A Norwegian surname.

#### Usage notes

* Used attributively in mathematics (topology) in Lie group and associated terms, in reference to Norwegian mathematician Sophus Lie (1842-1899).

#### Derived terms

* group of Lie type

### Anagrams

* EIL, ile-, Eli, Ile, -ile, lei, Lei., Lei, %ile, ELI, ile

## Norwegian
### Proper noun

Lie
* a surname
# maďarština
## Czech
### Alternative forms

* maďarčina (archaic)

### Etymology

From maďarský (“Hungarian”) +‎ -ština.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmaɟarʃcɪna]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɪna
* Hyphenation: ma‧ďar‧šti‧na

### Noun

maďarština f
* Hungarian (language)
    Synonym: (archaic) uherština
    Maďarština je ugrofinský jazyk. ― Hungarian is a Finno-Ugric language.

#### Related terms

* Maďar m
* Maďarka f
* Maďarsko n
* maďarský

### Further reading

* “maďarština”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “maďarština”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “maďarština”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# kalkkaa
## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɑlkːɑːˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝lkːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑlkːɑː
* Hyphenation: kalk‧kaa

### Verb

kalkkaa
* Alternative form of kalkattaa

#### Conjugation

This verb is in practice only used in 3rd person indicative.

#### Derived terms

* kalkahdella
* kalkattaa
* kalke
* kalkkala

#### Related terms

* kalkahdella
* kalkahtaa
* kalkattaa
* kalke
* kalkutella
* kalkuttaa

#### See also

* kilkkaa
* kolkkaa

### Further reading

* “kalkkaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# lukratywny
## Polish
### Etymology

Internationalism; compare English lucrative, French lucratif, German lukrativ, ultimately from Latin lucrātīvus + -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /lu.kraˈtɘv.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘvnɘ
* Syllabification: lu‧kra‧tyw‧ny

### Adjective

lukratywny (comparative bardziej lukratywny, superlative najbardziej lukratywny, derived adverb lukratywnie)
* lucrative, profitable
    Synonyms: dochodowy, intratny, opłacalny, rentowny, zyskowny

#### Derived terms

* lukratywność

### Further reading

* lukratywny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* lukratywny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# samoobsługa
## Polish
### Etymology

From samo- +‎ obsługa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sa.mɔ.ɔpˈswu.ɡa/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uɡa
* Syllabification: sa‧mo‧ob‧słu‧ga

### Noun

samoobsługa f
* self-service

#### Derived terms

* samoobsługowy

### Further reading

* samoobsługa in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# adamantane
## English
### Noun

adamantane (plural adamantanes)
* (organic chemistry) A polycyclic hydrocarbon, C$_{10}$H$_{16}$, having a cagelike structure similar to a portion of the diamond lattice; any of its derivatives

#### Derived terms

* adamantanethiol
* adamantanoid
* adamantanyl
* adamantone
* adamantyl
* amantadine
* amantocillin
* azaadamantane
* azidoadamantane
* bromoadamantane
* chloroadamantane
* haloadamantane
* iodoadamantane
* spiroadamantane

#### See also

* adamantadine
* adamantanol
* diamondoid

### Anagrams

* adamantean
# horyzont
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin horizōn.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xɔˈrɘ.zɔnt/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘzɔnt
* Syllabification: ho‧ry‧zont

### Noun

horyzont m inan
* (geology) horizon (line that appears to separate the Earth from the sky)
    Synonyms: nieboskłon, widnokrąg, widnokres
* horizon (knowledge range/limit)

#### Related terms

* horyzontalny
* horyzontalnie
* horyzontalność

### Further reading

* horyzont in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* horyzont in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# criminalize
## English
### Alternative forms

* criminalise (chiefly British)

### Etymology

From criminal +‎ -ize.

### Verb

criminalize (third-person singular simple present criminalizes, present participle criminalizing, simple past and past participle criminalized)
* (transitive) To make (something) a crime; to make illegal under criminal law; to ban.
** 2015, Gregg Barak, editor, The Routledge International Handbook of the Crimes of the Powerful‎:"Ag-gag laws criminalize undercover investigations by prohibiting one or more of three types of behavior: trespass, recording of videos, and failure to submit a video to law enforcement."
** 2016 April 1, Dan Baum, quoting John Ehrlichman, “Legalize It All”, in Harper's Magazine‎:The Nixon campaign in 1968 […] had two enemies: the antiwar left and black people. […] [B]y getting the public to associate the hippies with marijuana and blacks with heroin, and then criminalizing both heavily, we could disrupt those communities.
** 2024 April 22, Shawn Hubler, “Homelessness Case Draws Unusual Alliances: Conservatives and California Democrats”, in The New York Times‎:Advocates for homeless people, the American Psychiatric Association and several left-leaning states, including New York, Illinois and Minnesota, argue that criminalizing homelessness only worsens the problem.
** 2024 June 28, Abbie VanSickle, “Supreme Court Upholds Ban on Sleeping Outdoors in Homelessness Case”, in The New York Times‎:A group of homeless residents sued the city, challenging the ordinances and contending that the local laws essentially criminalized homelessness.
** 2024 October 16, Emma Bubela, “Italy Criminalizes Surrogacy From Abroad, a Blow to Gay and Infertile Couples”, in The New York Times‎:Italy passed a law on Wednesday that criminalizes seeking surrogacy abroad, a move the country’s conservative government said would protect women’s dignity, while critics see it as yet another crackdown by the government on L.G.B.T. families, as the law will make it virtually impossible for gay fathers to have children.
* (transitive) To treat as a criminal.

#### Derived terms

* criminalizable
* criminalization
* criminalizer
* decriminalize
* overcriminalization
* recriminalize

#### See also

* felonize
* misdemeanorize
* illegalize
* outlaw

## Galician
### Verb

criminalize
* (reintegrationist norm) inflection of criminalizar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative

## Portuguese
### Verb

criminalize
* inflection of criminalizar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative
# trifluoromethanesulfonic
## English
### Adjective

trifluoromethanesulfonic (not comparable)
* triflic

#### Derived terms

* trifluoromethanesulfonic acid
# किचकिच
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* किच-किच (kic-kic)
* कच-कच (kac-kac)

### Etymology

Onomatopoeic, a reduplication.

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /kɪt͡ʃ.kɪt͡ʃ/

### Noun

किचकिच • (kickic) f (Urdu spelling کچکچ)
* grating sound, crunching sound
* nagging, enervating and contemptuous objections and arguments (over trifling matters)
    भाइयों में किचकिच ― bhāiyõ mẽ kickic ― wrangle among brothers
    Synonym: किट-किट (kiṭ-kiṭ)
* clamminess, stickiness, muddiness or other similar repugnant aura
    Synonym: किचपिच (kicpic)
    बारिश में हर जगह किचकिच हो जाती है। ― bāriś mẽ har jagah kickic ho jātī hai. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Derived terms

* किचकिचाना (kickicānā)
* किचकिचाहट (kickicāhaṭ)
* किचकिचिया (kickiciyā)
* किचकिची (kickicī)

### References

* Bahri, Caturvedi, Dasa-Hindi (2022) “किचकिच”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Hindi Dictionaries]
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “कच-कच”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
# Patoburgo
## Spanish
### Etymology

From pato (“duck”) +‎ -burgo (“-burg”), partial calque of English Duckburg.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /patoˈbuɾɡo/ [pa.t̪oˈβ̞uɾ.ɣ̞o]
* Rhymes: -uɾɡo
* Syllabification: Pa‧to‧bur‧go

### Proper noun

Patoburgo m
* Duckburg (fictional city where Donald Duck lives)
    Synonym: (Latin America) Patolandia

#### Related terms

* Pato Donald
# Gabaix
## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Occitan Gavaish.

### Proper noun

Gabaix m or f by sense
* a surname from Occitan

#### Related terms

* Gabaich
* Gabaigt

### Further reading

* Michel Grosclaude, Dictionnaire étymologique des noms de famille gascons, Orthez, per noste, 2003, →ISBN, page 129
* filae.com
* Forebears (French)
# pärskää
## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpærskæːˣ/, [ˈpærs̠k̟æː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ærskæː
* Hyphenation: pärs‧kää

### Verb

pärskää
* Alternative form of pärskyä

#### Conjugation

This verb is in practice only used in 3rd person indicative. Other forms are replaced with corresponding forms of synonymous verb pärskyä.

#### Derived terms

* pärskiä
* pärsky
* pärskyä
* pärskäyttää

### Further reading

* “pärskää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# tigob
## Bikol Central
### Alternative forms

* tig-ob

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *təʀab, from Proto-Austronesian *Cəʀab (“a belch”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tiʔˈɡob/ [tiʔˈɡob]
* Hyphenation: ti‧gob

### Noun

tìgob (Basahan spelling ᜆᜒᜄᜓᜊ᜔)
* (Tabaco, Legazpi) a burp; a belch
    Synonym: tigab

#### Derived terms

* magtigob
* patigob
# żegluga
## Polish
### Etymology

From żeglować +‎ -uga.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʐɛˈɡlu.ɡa/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -uɡa
* Syllabification: że‧glu‧ga

### Noun

żegluga f
* sailing, seafaring, navigation

#### Related terms

* żagiel
* żaglowiec
* żaglówka

### Further reading

* żegluga in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* żegluga in Polish dictionaries at PWN