OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# rapuh
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay rapuh, from Classical Malay راڤوه (rapuh), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀapuq.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈra.puh/, [ˈra.pʊh]
* Hyphenation: ra‧puh

### Adjective

rapuh
* fragile, brittle, crunchy; crumbles or breaks easily, fluid (of a situation)
* delicate, weak, tender (of the heart)
* subtle
* frail, weak
* sensitive

#### Derived terms

* dirapuhkan
* kerapuhan
* merapuhkan
* perapuh

### Further reading

* “rapuh” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Malay
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ʀapuq. Cognate with Tagalog gapô.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrapuh/ [ˈra.puh]

### Adjective

rapuh (Jawi spelling راڤوه)
* fragile; brittle; friable

#### Derived terms

Regular affixed derivations:
* perapuh [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
* kerapuhan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
* merapuhkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
* dirapuhkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: rapuh

### Further reading

* “rapuh” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# opsat
## Czech
### Etymology

From o- +‎ psát. Cognate with Polish opisać (“to describe”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈopsat]

### Verb

opsat pf (imperfective opisovat)
* to copy
* to paraphrase
* to circumscribe (geometry)

#### Related terms

* vepsat

### Further reading

* “opsati”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “opsati”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “opsat”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# absorpcyjność
## Polish
### Etymology

From absorpcyjny +‎ -ość. First attested in 1910.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ap.sɔrˈpt͡sɘj.nɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘjnɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ab‧sor‧pcyj‧ność

### Noun

absorpcyjność f
* (chemistry, economics, optics, physics) absorbency, absorptiveness

#### Related terms

* absorpcjometryczny
* absorpcyjny
* absorpcjometrycznie
* absorbancja
* absorbat
* absorbencjum
* absorbent
* absorber
* absorpcja
* absorpcjometr
* absorpcjometria
* absorbować impf, zaabsorbować pf

### References

* ↑ Wszechświat : tygodnik popularny poświęcony naukom przyrodniczym‎, volume 29, number 38, 1910, page 596

### Further reading

* absorpcyjność in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* absorpcyjność in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* absorpcyjność in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# přestavět
## Czech
### Etymology

From pře- +‎ stavět.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpr̝̊ɛstavjɛt]

### Verb

přestavět pf (imperfective přestavovat)
* to rebuild, to reconstruct
* to reorganize, to restructure

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | přestavět, přestavěti | Active adjective | přestavěvší |
| Verbal noun | přestavění | Passive adjective | přestavěný |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | přestavím | přestavíme | — | přestavějme, přestavme |
| 2nd person | přestavíš | přestavíte | přestavěj, přestav | přestavějte, přestavte |
| 3rd person | přestaví | přestavějí, přestaví | — | — |
* The verb přestavět does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | přestavěl | přestavěli | přestavěn | přestavěni |
| masculine inanimate | přestavěl | přestavěly | přestavěn | přestavěny |
| feminine | přestavěla | přestavěly | přestavěna | přestavěny |
| neuter | přestavělo | přestavěla | přestavěno | přestavěna |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | — | přestavěv |
| feminine + neuter singular | — | přestavěvši |
| plural | — | přestavěvše |

#### Related terms

* přestavba
* přestavění
* přestavěný

### Further reading

* “přestavěti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “přestavěti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “přestavět”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# eslavismo
## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /iz.laˈviz.mu/, /ez.laˈviz.mu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /iz.laˈviz.mu/, /ez.laˈviz.mu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʒ.laˈviʒ.mu/, /eʒ.laˈviʒ.mu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ez.laˈviz.mo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʒ.lɐˈviʒ.mu/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʒ.lɐˈviʒ.mu/
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʒ.lɐˈbiʒ.mu/ [(i)ʒ.lɐˈβiʒ.mu]
* Hyphenation: es‧la‧vis‧mo

### Noun

eslavismo m (plural eslavismos)
* Pan-Slavism (movement aimed at uniting all the Slavic peoples)
    Synonym: pan-eslavismo
* Slavism (idiom or phrase from a Slavic language)

## Spanish
### Noun

eslavismo m (plural eslavismos)
* Slavism

#### Derived terms

* eslavista

### Further reading

* “eslavismo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ossenpikker
## Dutch
### Etymology

From os (“ox”) +‎ -en- +‎ pikken (“to peck”) +‎ -er, likely a calque of English oxpecker.

### Noun

ossenpikker m (plural ossenpikkers, diminutive ossenpikkertje n)
* oxpecker, bird of the family Buphagidae

#### Derived terms

* geelsnavelossenpikker
* roodsnavelossenpikker

### Further reading

* ossenpikker on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{nl}$
# electrics
## English
### Etymology

From electric +‎ -s.

### Noun

electrics (uncountable)
* (Commonwealth) All the electrical components and wiring of a machine or system.

#### Derived terms

* bioelectrics
* piezoelectrics

### Noun

electrics
* plural of electric
** 2004, Dennis Barton, Red Star 4: Victory‎:There were electric vehicles around, but four-wheel drive electrics were pretty damned rare, and the snow was deep enough to stop anything that didn't have a minimum of four big wheels spinning at all times.

## Occitan
### Adjective

electrics
* masculine plural of electric
# 𐔰𐔺𐔵
## Aghwan
### Noun

𐔰𐔺𐔵 (ayz)
* world
* land, region

#### Inflection

| Cases | Forms |
| absolutive | 𐔰𐔺𐔵 (ayz) |
| ergative | 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔴𐕎 (ayzen) |
| genitive | 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔼 (ayzi), 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔼𐕎 (ayzin) |
| dative I | 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔰 (ayza), 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔴 (ayze) |
| dative III | 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔴𐕇 (ayzex̣), 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔰𐕇 (ayzax̣) |
| ablative II | 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔴𐕇𐕒𐕠 (ayzex̣oc) |

#### Related terms

* 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔼𐕁𐔼𐕗 (ayzid'iṗ)
* 𐔰𐔺𐔵𐔼𐕎𐕠𐔰𐕌 (ayzincam)

#### Descendants

* Udi: аиз (aiz), айиз (ajiz)

### Further reading

* Gippert J., Schulze W., Aleksidze Z., Mahé J.-P., editors (2009), The Caucasian Albanian Palimpsests of Mount Sinai (Monumenta Palaeographica Medii Aevi: Series Ibero-Caucasica; 2), volume 1, Turnhout: Brepols, →ISBN, page II-75
# catechuic
## English
### Etymology

From catechu +‎ -ic.

### Adjective

catechuic (not comparable)
* Relating to catechu or its derivatives.

#### Derived terms

* protocatechuic
# lähdettää
## Finnish
### Etymology

lähteä +‎ -ttää

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlæhdetːæːˣ/, [ˈlæhde̞t̪ːæː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -æhdetːæː
* Hyphenation: läh‧det‧tää

### Verb

lähdettää
* (transitive) to abort (a fetus)

#### Derived terms

* lähdettäminen
* lähdetys

### Further reading

* “lähdettää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# churchgoer
## English
### Etymology

From church +‎ goer.

### Noun

churchgoer (plural churchgoers)
* One who regularly goes to church; a practicing Christian.
** 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 11:Well, one Christmas Eve, just like to-night, she thought she would go to the morning service on the Christmas Day, for she was a great church-goer, and so she left out some coffee with the girl before she went to bed, that she might get a cup next morning she was sure a cup of warm coffee would do her a great deal of good at that early hour!
** 1985, Joy Davidman, Smoke on the Mountain: An Interpretation of the Ten Commandments, →ISBN, page 58:A forced churchgoer has no religion, a terrified churchgoer has no Christianity, a bribed churchgoer has no morals.

#### Coordinate terms

* chapelgoer, mosque-goer, temple-goer, shrinegoer, synagogue-goer, gurdwara-goer

#### Derived terms

* nonchurchgoer
# cohesie
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French cohésion.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

cohesie f (uncountable)
* cohesion (state of cohering or working together)
    Synonym: samenhang
* (physics, chemistry) cohesion (intermolecular forces of mutual attraction)
* (linguistics) cohesion (relatedness between parts of a text)

#### Related terms

* adhesie
* coherent

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: kohesi

### Further reading

* cohesie on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{nl}$
# borraja
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Catalan borratja, from Latin borragō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /boˈraxa/ [boˈra.xa]
* Rhymes: -axa
* Syllabification: bo‧rra‧ja

### Noun

borraja f (plural borrajas)
* borage (Borago officinalis)
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 274:La mujer que pisa inadvertidamente una mata de borraja, queda propicia a la preñez.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* quedar en agua de borrajas

### Further reading

* “borraja”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# cardiolog
## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French cardiologue.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kar.di.oˈloɡ/

### Noun

cardiolog m (plural cardiologi, feminine equivalent cardiologă)
* cardiologist (physician)

#### Related terms

* cardiologic
* cardiologie

### References

* cardiolog in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
# PAO
## English
### Noun

PAO (plural PAOs)
* (cosmetics) Initialism of period after opening.
* Initialism of polyalphaolefin.

#### Alternative forms

* (poly-alpha-olefin): PαO

#### Related terms

* AO
* LAO
* LαO
* NAO
* NαO
* αO

### Anagrams

* POA, apo-, poa, AOP, OPA, OAP, APO, apo
# oferendar
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From oferenda +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /o.fe.ɾẽˈda(ʁ)/ [o.fe.ɾẽˈda(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /o.fe.ɾẽˈda(ʁ)/ [o.fe.ɾẽˈda(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /o.fe.ɾẽˈda(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /o.fe.ɾẽˈda(ʁ)/ [o.fe.ɾẽˈda(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /o.fe.ɾẽˈda(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɔ.fɨ.ɾẽˈdaɾ/, /u.fɨ.ɾẽˈdaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɔ.fɨ.ɾẽˈdaɾ/, /u.fɨ.ɾẽˈdaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɔ.fɨ.ɾẽˈda.ɾi/, /u.fɨ.ɾẽˈda.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: o‧fe‧ren‧dar

### Verb

oferendar (first-person singular present oferendo, first-person singular preterite oferendei, past participle oferendado)
* (transitive) to offer

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Derived terms

* oferendado
# ylikuormittaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

ylikuorma +‎ -ittaa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈyliˌkuo̯rmitːɑːˣ/, [ˈyliˌkuo̞̯rmit̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uormitːɑː
* Hyphenation: yli‧kuormit‧taa

### Verb

ylikuormittaa
* (transitive) To overload.

#### Derived terms

* ylikuormittua

### Further reading

* “ylikuormittaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
# florencki
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /flɔˈrɛn.t͡ski/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛnt͡ski
* Syllabification: flo‧ren‧cki

### Adjective

florencki (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) Florentine, of Florence (of or pertaining to Florence in Italy)

#### Related terms

* Florencja

### Further reading

* florencki in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# zaręczać
## Polish
### Etymology

From zaręczyć +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaˈrɛn.t͡ʂat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛnt͡ʂat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: za‧rę‧czać

### Verb

zaręczać impf (perfective zaręczyć)
* (transitive) to swear (to take an oath)
* (reflexive with się) to get engaged, to get betrothed

#### Related terms

* zaręczynowy
* zaręczyny

### Further reading

* zaręczać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* zaręczać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# hanım
## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish خانم (hanım).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ha‧nım

### Noun

hanım
* lady
* madam

#### Derived terms

* hanım efendi

### References

* “hanım”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Turkish
### Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish خانم (hanım).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

hanım (definite accusative hanımı, plural hanımlar)
* wife
* lady
* Miss, Missus
    Merhaba, Özlem hanım.Hello, Mrs. Özlem.

#### Derived terms

* hanımefendi
* hanımeli

### See also

* bey
# pszono
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьšeno, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pišena, from Proto-Indo-European *pis-en-om, from *peys- (“grind, crush”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpʂɔ.nɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔnɔ
* Syllabification: pszo‧no

### Noun

pszono n
* (obsolete) threshed millet

#### Derived terms

* pszenny

#### Related terms

* pszenica

### Further reading

* pszono in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# autentyczność
## Polish
### Etymology

From autentyczny +‎ -ość.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aw.tɛnˈtɘt͡ʂ.nɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘt͡ʂnɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: au‧ten‧tycz‧ność

### Noun

autentyczność f
* authenticity, authenticness (the quality of agreeing with reality)
    Synonyms: autentyka, autentyzm, prawdziwość
* genuinity, genuineness (the quality of not hiding one's emotions or thoughts)
    Synonyms: autentyzm, prawdziwość, szczerość
* genuinity, genuineness (the quality of seeming real)
    Synonyms: autentyzm, prawdziwość, szczerość

#### Related terms

* autentyczny
* autentystyczny
* autentycznie
* autentyk
* autentyka
* autentysta
* autentyzm

### Further reading

* autentyczność in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* autentyczność in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# podezření
## Czech
### Etymology

From pod- +‎ zřít +‎ -ní.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpodɛzr̝ɛɲiː]

### Noun

podezření n
* suspicion
    vyvolat / vyvolávat podezření ― to raise suspicion

#### Related terms

* podezírat
* podezřelost
* podezřelý

### Further reading

* “podezření”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “podezření”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “podezření”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# fiable
## Catalan
### Etymology

From fiar +‎ -able.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [fiˈab.blə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [fiˈa.ble]

### Adjective

fiable m or f (masculine and feminine plural fiables)
* reliable; dependable

#### Derived terms

* fiabilitat

### Further reading

* “fiable” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “fiable”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “fiable” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “fiable” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## French
### Etymology

From fier +‎ -able.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fjabl/
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

fiable (plural fiables)
* reliable, dependable

#### Derived terms

* fiabilité

### Further reading

* “fiable”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* faible

## Spanish
### Etymology

From fiar (“to trust”) +‎ -able.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfjable/ [ˈfja.β̞le]
* Rhymes: -able
* Syllabification: fia‧ble

### Adjective

fiable m or f (masculine and feminine plural fiables)
* reliable, trustworthy, dependable
    Synonyms: fidedigno, fehaciente, (Latin America) confiable
* credible
    Synonym: creíble

#### Derived terms

* fiablemente

#### Related terms

* confiar
* fe
* fiabilidad
* fiar

### Further reading

* “fiable”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# polemonium
## English
### Etymology

From the genus name.

### Noun

polemonium (plural polemoniums)
* Any of the genus Polemonium of gamopetalous perennial herbs.

#### Derived terms

* Vanbrunt's polemonium

### References

* “polemonium”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# kompor
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Dutch komfoor, from Picard cauffoir, from Middle French [Term?] (French chauffoir), from Vulgar Latin calefare, from Latin calēre (“heat”) +‎ facere (“make, do”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkɔmpɔr]
* Rhymes: -pɔr, -ɔr
* Hyphenation: kom‧por

### Noun

kompor
* stove, burner, device for heating food.
    ...kompor Nurhayati juga hilang terbawa banjir. ― Nurhayati's stove was lost during the flood.
* (colloquial, figurative) provocateur, provocation.
    Media penyiaran, khususnya televisi, berita jangan jadi 'kompor'.... ― Broadcasting media, specifically television, do not make news as provocation....

#### Synonyms

* tungku
* semawar

#### Derived terms

* kompori
* pengompor
* pengomporan
* kompor tanam

### References

* ↑ CNN Indonesia (2021 February 21) “Korban Banjir Duren Tiga: Beras Terendam, Kompor Hanyut”, in CNN Indonesia (in Indonesian), retrieved 23 February 2021.
* ↑ Deytri Robekka Aritonang (2014 July 4) “KPI: TV Jangan Jadi "Kompor" dan Provokator"”, in Kompas.com (in Indonesian), retrieved 23 February 2021.

### Further reading

* “kompor” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# pellejo
## Chavacano
### Etymology

Inherited from Spanish pellejo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /peˈʎexo/, [peˈʎe.xo]
* Hyphenation: pe‧lle‧jo

### Noun

pellejo
* skin (of humans, animals, and fruits)

## Spanish
### Etymology

From pelleja.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /peˈʝexo/ [peˈʝe.xo]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /peˈʝexo/ [peˈʝe.xo]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /peˈʎexo/ [peˈʎe.xo]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /peˈʃexo/ [peˈʃe.xo]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /peˈʒexo/ [peˈʒe.xo]
* Rhymes: -exo
* Syllabification: pe‧lle‧jo

### Noun

pellejo m (plural pellejos)
* skin, hide
** 2023 August 30, “El PSOE, sobre la oferta de Feijóo: “Nos ofrece un pacto con Vox para derogar el sanchismo en dos años””, in El País‎:El PSOE, que ha reunido a su ejecutiva tras el encuentro, ha rechazado el ofrecimiento afirmando que lo que ofrece Feijóo a los socialistas es “un pacto con Vox para derogar el sanchismo en dos años” y aduciendo que el líder del PP no piensa en la estabilidad de España, sino en “salvar su pellejo”.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (dead) skin
* wineskin

#### Related terms

* despellejar
* jugarse el pellejo
* pellejería
* pellejero

### Further reading

* “pellejo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# bufonada
## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bu.fɔˈna.da/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ada
* Syllabification: bu‧fo‧na‧da

### Noun

bufonada f
* (derogatory, literary) braggadocio, coxcombry (boasting; posing as someone important)
    Synonyms: bufoneria, samochwalstwo
    Antonym: skromność

#### Related terms

* bufoniasty
* bufonowaty
* bufoński
* bufoniasto
* bufonowato
* bufon
* bufoneria
* bufonka
* bufonować impf

### Further reading

* bufonada in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* bufonada in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Spanish
### Etymology

From bufón +‎ -ada.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bufoˈnada/ [bu.foˈna.ð̞a]
* Rhymes: -ada
* Syllabification: bu‧fo‧na‧da

### Noun

bufonada f (plural bufonadas)
* antic, clowning
    Synonym: payasada

### Further reading

* “bufonada”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# fonetyzacja
## Polish
### Etymology

From fonetyzować +‎ -cja.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɔ.nɛ.tɘˈza.t͡sja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at͡sja
* Syllabification: fo‧ne‧ty‧za‧cja

### Noun

fonetyzacja f
* (phonetics) phonetization (art or process of representing sounds by phonetic signs)
* subvocalization (formation in thought of words or statements, which are expressed inwardly but not uttered aloud)
    Synonym: subwokalizacja

#### Related terms

* fonetyzować impf

### Further reading

* fonetyzacja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# gubernia
## English
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

gubernia (plural gubernias)
* Alternative form of guberniya

### Etymology 2

From Latin gubernia.

#### Noun

gubernia
* plural of gubernium

### Anagrams

* Abu Grein, Rugbeian

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian губе́рния (gubérnija).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡuˈbɛr.ɲa/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛrɲa
* Syllabification: gu‧ber‧nia

### Noun

gubernia f
* (historical) guberniya

#### Derived terms

* gubernialny

### Further reading

* gubernia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* gubernia in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡuberni̯a]

### Noun

gubernia f (relational adjective guberniálny or gubernský)
* (historical) guberniya

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “gubernia”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# Jazaria
## Spanish
### Proper noun

Jazaria f
* Khazaria

#### Related terms

* jázaro
# hengästyä
## Finnish
### Etymology

henkää +‎ -styä

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈheŋːæstyæˣ/, [ˈhe̞ŋːæs̠ˌtyæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -yæ
* Hyphenation: hen‧gäs‧tyä

### Verb

hengästyä
* (intransitive) To get out of breath, become breathless.

#### Derived terms

* hengästyminen
* hengästynyt
* hengästys
* hengästyttää

### Further reading

* “hengästyä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# aitreabh
## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish atrab, from Proto-Celtic *attrebā (“settlement”), from Proto-Indo-European *treb-. Cognate with English thorp and Albanian trevë.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈahtʰʲɾʲəv/

### Noun

aitreabh m (genitive singular aitreibh, plural aitreabhan)
* building, complex, dwelling

#### Derived terms

* aitreabh-leighis (“sick bay, medical building”)
* aitreabhach (“habitable, pertaining to an abode, locative (in linguistics)”)
* aitreabhachd (“habitableness”)
* aitreabhach m (“inhabitant, lodger, farmer”)
* tuiseal aitreabhach (“locative case”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.