OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# πράσον
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥so- (“leek”), and connected with Latin porrum (“leek”) and Albanian presh. However, Beekes does not rule out a Pre-Greek origin due to its semantic category (vegetable names are usually derived from substrates in Indo-European languages).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /prá.son/ → /ˈpra.son/ → /ˈpra.son/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /prá.son/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpra.son/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpra.son/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpra.son/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpra.son/

### Noun

πρᾰ́σον • (prắson) n (genitive πρᾰ́σου); second declension
* leek, Allium ampeloprasum (syn. Allium porrum)

#### Derived terms

* ἀγρῐόπρᾰσον (agrĭóprăson)
* ἀμπελόπρασον (ampelóprason)
* πράσινος (prásinos)
* πράσιον (prásion)
* πράσιος (prásios)

#### Descendants

* Greek: πράσο (práso), πράσσο n (prásso)
** → Ottoman Turkish: پراصه (prasa, pırasa), پراسه (prasa, pırasa)
*** Turkish: pırasa
*** → Armenian: փըրասա (pʻərasa), փըռասա (pʻəṙasa)
*** → Middle Armenian: փռասա (pʻṙasa)
*** → Ladino: prasa
* → Coptic: ⲡⲗⲁⲥⲥⲁ (plassa)
* → Laz: პრასკჲა (p̌rasǩya), პროსკჲა (p̌rosǩya), პრასა (p̌rasa), პრასკა (p̌rasǩa), პოსკჲა (p̌osǩya), პროსკა (p̌rosǩa), პასქია (p̌askia)
* → Mingrelian: პურასკია (ṗurasḳia), პურასქია (ṗuraskia)
** → Abkhaz: а-прасқьиа (a-pʼraskja)
* → Old Armenian: պրաս (pras), պրախ (prax), պրասխ (prasx), պարասխ (parasx)
** Armenian: պրաս (pras)
** Middle Armenian: պռաս (pṙas)
* → Old Church Slavonic: прасъ (prasŭ), празъ (prazŭ)
* → Old Georgian: პრასაჲ (ṗrasay)
** Georgian: პრასი (ṗrasi), პრასა (ṗrasa)
*** → Bats: პრას (ṗras)
*** → Ossetian: прасӕ (prasæ), праса (prasa)
* → Romanian: praz

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πράσον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1229

### Further reading

* “πράσον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πράσον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* πράσον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. leek idem, page 484.
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “պրաս”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 114a
* Walde, Alois (1927) Julius Pokorny, editor, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 84
* Boisacq, Émile (1916) “πράσον”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque (in French), Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 810
* Walde, Alois (1910) “porrum, porrus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 2nd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 601–602
# autoconstrucción
## Spanish
### Noun

autoconstrucción f (plural autoconstrucciones)
* (Spain) autoconstruction
** 2016 December 5, “Madres albañiles para un colegio”, in El País‎:Pero cansadas de esta situación y la falta de alternativas de las Administraciones, las madres encontraron una solución al problema en el estudio Recetas Urbanas, liderado por el arquitecto sevillano Santiago Cirugeda, experto en hacer partícipe a la ciudadanía de las infraestructuras: un proyecto de autoconstrucción, con ventanas recicladas, materiales reutilizados y un contenedor de 12 metros transportado desde Algeciras se levanta a un lado del patio.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Related terms

* autoconstruir

### Further reading

* “autoconstrucción”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# farþegaflug
## Icelandic
### Etymology

From farþegi +‎ flug.

### Noun

farþegaflug n (genitive singular farþegaflugs, no plural)
* passenger flight

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “farþegaflug” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
# sýr
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *syrъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsiːr]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

sýr m inan
* cheese (dairy product)
    pizza se sýrem ― pizza with cheese

#### Derived terms

* sýrový
* syreček
* syrnačka
* syrovátka
* syřidlo
* sýrař
* sýrařka
* sýrařství
* sýrárna
* sýrohub
* sýrorodka
* sýrovina
* sýřenina

### Further reading

* “sýr”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “sýr”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “sýr”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsʊiːjɹ]
* Rhymes: -ʊiːjɹ

### Noun

sýr
* indefinite nominative/accusative plural of súgv

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsiːr/
* Rhymes: -iːr

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Norse sýr, from Proto-Germanic *sūz, from Proto-Indo-European *sū-.

#### Noun

sýr f (genitive singular sýr, nominative plural sýr)
* (archaic) sow (female pig)
    Synonym: gylta

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

sýr m (genitive singular sýrs, no plural)
* (poetic) sour whey

##### Declension
#### References

* Halldóra Jónsdóttir, Þórdís Úlfarsdóttir, editors (2014–2020), “sýr”, in Íslensk nútímamálsorðabók [Icelandic Modern Dictionary] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies

## Old Norse
### Alternative forms

* *sōʀ — Old East Norse

### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sūz, whence also Old English sū, Old Saxon sū, Old High German sū (whence German Sau), Swedish so. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sū-. Cognate with Latin sūs (“pig”), Ancient Greek ὗς (hûs, “wild boar”), Sanskrit सूकर (sūkará). Compare also related forms with velar stops or fricatives, such as Norwegian sugge (“sow”), Swedish sugga (“sow”), Old English sugu, Old Saxon suga, Welsh hwch (“pig”).

### Noun

sýr f (genitive sýr, plural sýr)
* (Old West Norse) sow (female pig)

#### Descendants

* Icelandic: sýr
* Faroese: súgv
* Norwegian Nynorsk: su

### Further reading

* Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)
# reticle
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin rēticulum, diminutive of Latin rēte (“net”). Doublet of reticulum, Reticulum, and reticule.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɹɛtɪkəl/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Hyphenation: re‧ti‧cle

### Noun

reticle (plural reticles)
* A grid, network, or crosshatch found in the eyepiece of various optical instruments to aid measurement or alignment
* (obsolete) Alternative form of reticule (“a little bag”)
** 1833, Francis Vesey, A General Digested Table and Index of Cases Argued and Determined in the High Court of Chancery‎, volume 20, page ix:On the following day Mrs. Kent went into the bed-room; and laid a reticle, which contained the money, upon her bed; and afterwards returned into the sitting-room; leaving the door between that and the bed-room open. After she had remained in the sitting-room about five minutes, she sent Miss S. for the reticle; and it was not to be found.

#### Usage notes

* Used in form “have somebody or something in one’s reticle”, meaning “to be targeting somebody or something”.

#### Related terms

* graticule
* reticule
* Reticulum

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* clerite, tercile, tiercel
# penetrative
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English penetratyve, penetratif, from Medieval Latin penetrativus, from (the participle stem of) Latin penetrāre (“to penetrate”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

penetrative (comparative more penetrative, superlative most penetrative)
* That can or does physically penetrate something; piercing, penetrating. [from 15th c.]
** c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene xiv], page 362, column 2:Would'ſt thou be window'd in great Rome, and ſee / Thy Maſter thus with pleacht Armes, bending downe / His corrigible necke, his face ſubdu'de / To penetratiue ſhame […]
** a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Spring”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:[T]he penetrative Sun, / His Force deep-darting to the dark Retreat / Of Vegetation, sets the steaming Power / At large […] .
* Displaying insight or discrimination; acute; penetrating. [from 17th c.]
* (sports) That can penetrate opposition defences. [from 20th c.]
* Pertaining to sexual activity involving penetration by the penis. [from 20th c.]
** 2013 August 12, Sexual Healing, The Guardian:I've been in a relationship for nearly a year and we have an amazing sex life as is, but we've never managed penetrative sex.

#### Antonyms

* unpenetrative

#### Derived terms

* penetrative sex

## Italian
### Adjective

penetrative
* feminine plural of penetrativo
# alokovat
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈalokovat]

### Verb

alokovat impf or pf
* to allocate

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | alokovat, alokovati | Active adjective | alokující, alokovavší |
| Verbal noun | alokování | Passive adjective | alokovaný |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | alokuji, alokuju (coll.) | alokujeme | — | alokujme |
| 2nd person | alokuješ | alokujete | alokuj | alokujte |
| 3rd person | alokuje | alokují, alokujou (coll.) | — | — |
* When the verb is used in perfective aspect, it does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only. When the verb is used in imperfective aspect, the future tense is a combination of a future form of být + infinitive alokovat.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | alokoval | alokovali | alokován | alokováni |
| masculine inanimate | alokoval | alokovaly | alokován | alokovány |
| feminine | alokovala | alokovaly | alokována | alokovány |
| neuter | alokovalo | alokovala | alokováno | alokována |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | alokuje | alokovav |
| feminine + neuter singular | alokujíc | alokovavši |
| plural | alokujíce | alokovavše |

#### Related terms

* See lokál
* alokace

#### See also

* vyhradit

### Further reading

* “alokovati”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
# phĭ
## Bahnar
### Etymology

From Proto-Bahnaric *bhiʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *bhiiʔ (“sated, full”); cognate with Halang phĭ̀, Mon ဖဲ (phoa), Semai ba'heeq.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /phiʔ/

### Adjective

phĭ
* be sated, be full (from eating)

## Jarai
### Etymology

From Proto-Chamic *phit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqit, from Proto-Austronesian *paqiC.

### Adjective

phĭ
* bitter

### References

* Lap Minh Siu (2009) A Preliminary Jarai - English Dictionary‎, Texas: Texas Tech University, page 98

## Rade
### Etymology

From Proto-Chamic *phit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqit, from Proto-Austronesian *paqiC.

### Adjective

phĭ
* bitter

#### Derived terms

* bi phĭ
* hruĕ êyăn phĭ
* êyăn phĭ

### Noun

phĭ (classifier asăr)
* gall bladder

#### Derived terms

* êa phĭ

### References

* James A. Tharp, Y-Bhăm Ƀuôn-yǎ (1980) A Rhade-English Dictionary with English-Rhade Finderlist (Pacific Linguistics. Series C-58)‎, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, →ISBN, archived from the original on 1 November 2021, page 104
# onguur
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch ongehiere, from Old Dutch *ungihiuri, from Proto-West Germanic *ungahiurī (see also *unhiurī). The unprefixed form of this word still existed in Middle Dutch as ghehure, meaning "pleasant". Compare German ungeheuer.
Possibly related to eunjer (“wizard”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

onguur (comparative onguurder, superlative onguurst)
* unpleasant, nasty
    Synonym: akelig
* sinister, seedy, shady
    Synonym: louche
    Het zit vol met ongure types in die buurt. ― That area is full of shady types.

#### Derived terms

* guur
# hjálparlaust
## Icelandic
### Adverb

hjálparlaust
* unaided, without help

### Further reading

* “hjálparlaust” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
# alcalimetría
## Spanish
### Etymology

From álcali +‎ -metría.

### Noun

alcalimetría f (uncountable)
* alkalimetry (process of determining the strength of an alkali)

#### Related terms

* alcalímetro
# maravedí
## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish marauedi, moravedi, morauedi, from Arabic مُرَابِطِين (murābiṭīn, literally “holy men”), the name of the Almoravid rulers of Muslim Spain during the 12th century.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maɾabeˈdi/ [ma.ɾa.β̞eˈð̞i]
* Rhymes: -i
* Syllabification: ma‧ra‧ve‧dí

### Noun

maravedí m (plural maravedís or maravedíes or maravedises)
* (historical) maravedi

#### Derived terms

* hierba del maravedí
* maravedí de oro
* maravedí de plata

#### Related terms

* almorávide

### Further reading

* “maravedí”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# svobodárna
## Czech
### Etymology

From svoboda +‎ -árna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsvobodaːrna]
* Rhymes: -aːrna

### Noun

svobodárna f
* lodging-house, dormitory

#### Related terms

* svoboda

### Further reading

* “svobodárna”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “svobodárna”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “svobodárna”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Spartakus
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin Spartacus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sparˈta.kus/
* Rhymes: -akus
* Syllabification: Spar‧ta‧kus

### Proper noun

Spartakus m pers
* (Ancient Rome) Spartacus (Thracian gladiator (Thraex) who was one of the escaped slave leaders in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic)

#### Derived terms

* spartakusowiec

#### Related terms

* spartakiadowy
* spartakiada

### Further reading

* Spartakus in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Spartakus in PWN's encyclopedia
# zadziwiająco
## Polish
### Etymology

From zadziwiający +‎ -o.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /za.d͡ʑi.vjaˈjɔn.t͡sɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔnt͡sɔ
* Syllabification: za‧dzi‧wia‧ją‧co

### Adverb

zadziwiająco (not comparable)
* impressively, amazingly, admirably, wonderfully

#### Related terms

* zadziwiający
* zadziwiać
* zadziwić

### Further reading

* zadziwiająco in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# വാതിൽ
## Malayalam
### Alternative forms

* വാതൽ (vātal)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʋaːd̪il/

### Etymology 1

Cognate with Kannada ಬಾಗಿಲು (bāgilu, “door”), Kolami వాక (vāka, “outside”), Tamil வாசல் (vācal, “door, entrance”), Tulu ಬಾಕಿಲ್ (bākilŭ, “door, gate”) and Telugu వాకిలి (vākili, “door”).

#### Noun

വാതിൽ • (vātil)
* door; A portal of entry into a building or vehicle, with a swinging or sliding barrier by which it can be closed or opened.
    Synonym: കതക് (katakŭ)

##### Derived terms

* ആനവാതിൽ (ānavātil)
* കിളിവാതിൽ (kiḷivātil)
* വാതിൽപ്പടി (vātilppaṭi)

### Etymology 2

Cognate with Kannada ಬಾವಲಿ (bāvali) and Tamil வாவல் (vāval). Doublet of വാവൽ (vāval) and വവ്വാൽ (vavvāl).

#### Noun

വാതിൽ • (vātil)
* bat; Any of the various flying mammals in the order Chiroptera.
    Synonyms: വാവൽ (vāval), വവ്വാൽ (vavvāl)

##### Derived terms

* കടവാതിൽ (kaṭavātil)

### References

* Gundert, Hermann (1872) “vatil”, in A Malayalam and English dictionary, Mangalore, London: C. Stolz; Trübner & Co.
* Warrier, M. I. (2008) “വാതിൽ”, in Malayalam-English Dictionary (in Malayalam), 22nd edition, Kottayam: DC Books
* Burrow, T., Emeneau, M. B. (1984) “vātil”, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN.
* https://dict.sayahna.org/stv/74741/
* https://olam.in/DictionaryML/ml/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD
# autoidentyfikacja
## Polish
### Etymology

From auto- +‎ identyfikacja. First attested in 1949.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aw.tɔ.i.dɛn.tɘ.fiˈka.t͡sja/
* Rhymes: -at͡sja
* Syllabification: au‧to‧i‧den‧ty‧fi‧ka‧cja

### Noun

autoidentyfikacja f
* (psychology) self-identification

#### Derived terms

* autoidentyfikacyjny

### References

* ↑ Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski. Towarzystwo Naukowe. Wydział Historyczno-Filologiczny, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski. Towarzystwo Naukowe (1949) Roczniki humanistyczne‎, volume 50, number 7, Towarzystwo Naukowe Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego Wydział Historyczno-Filologiczny, page 177: “Białorusini natomiast, których mówi Andrzej Romanowski, są - jego zdaniem - społecznością o niedokończonym procesie autoidentyfikacji narodowej, bo zanim […]”
* ↑ autoidentyfikacja in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* autoidentyfikacja in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* autoidentyfikacja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# hávaxinn
## Icelandic
### Adjective

hávaxinn (comparative hávaxnari, superlative hávaxnastur)
* tall
    Synonym: langur

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “hávaxinn” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
# အရက်
## Burmese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عَرَق (ʕaraq).

### Pronunciation

* Phonetic respelling: အ'ရက်
* IPA: /ʔəjɛʔ/
* Romanization: MLCTS: a.rak • ALA-LC: ʼarakʻ • BGN/PCGN: ăyet • Okell: ăyeʔ

### Noun

အရက် • (a.rak)
* alcoholic drink, liquor

#### Derived terms

* ချက်အရက် (hkyak-a.rak)
* တောအရက် (tau:a.rak)
* မီးတောက်အရက် (mi:tauk-a.rak)
* အရက်ဆိုင် (a.rakhcuing)
* အရက်ပြန် (a.rakpran)
* အရက်ပုန်း (a.rakpun:)
* အရက်ဖြူ (a.rakhpru)
* အရက်သေစာ (a.rakseca)
* အရက်အိုး (a.rak-ui:)

### Further reading

* “အရက်” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
# Lewin
## English
### Etymology

A variant of Levi.

### Proper noun

Lewin (countable and uncountable, plural Lewins)
* A surname from Hebrew.
* A village in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.
* A village in the Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Lewin is the 6653rd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 5088 individuals. Lewin is most common among White (78.34%) and Black/African American (14.45%) individuals.

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlɛ.vin/
* Rhymes: -ɛvin
* Syllabification: Le‧win

### Proper noun

Lewin m inan
* A Polish toponym:
** Lewin – A village in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland
** Lewin – A village in the Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland
** Lewin Brzeski – A town in the Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland
** Lewin Kłodzki – A village in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland

#### Derived terms

* lewiński
* Lewiński

### Further reading

* Lewin in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ichtiolog
## Polish
### Etymology

Back-formation from ichtiologia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ixˈtjɔ.lɔk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔlɔk
* Syllabification: ich‧tio‧log

### Noun

ichtiolog m pers (female equivalent ichtiolog)
* ichthyologist

#### Declension
### Noun

ichtiolog f (indeclinable, male equivalent ichtiolog)
* female equivalent of ichtiolog (“ichthyologist”)

#### Related terms

* ichtiologiczny
* ichtiologia

### Further reading

* ichtiolog in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ichtiolog in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Pirsch
## German
### Alternative forms

* (dated) Birsch
* (regional) Pürsch

### Etymology

An abstract noun and back-formation from pirschen; its Early New High German form was Birs, from Middle High German birse and berse.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɪʁʃ/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Pirsch

### Noun

Pirsch f (genitive Pirsch, plural Pirschen)
* (hunter's jargon) hunting method for trying to track down, to spoor game, especially hoofed game, by stalking through a preserve/shoot and to approach it within range of fire; ≈ deerstalking, stalking
    auf die Pirsch gehen, auf der Pirsch seinto go deerstalking/stalking, to do deerstalking/stalking
    eine erfolgreiche Pirsch, eine stundenlange Pirscha successful deerstalking/stalking, an hours-long deerstalking/stalking
** 1978, Konrad Kutzner, Willibald Winkler: Auf, auf zum fröhlichen Jagen. VEB Lied der Zeit, Musikverlag, Berlin (GoogleBooks; retrieved October 13, 2015), p. 19:
    Wer bei der Jagd auf Rot- und Damwild weniger Geduld, sprich kein Sitzefleisch hat, der wird die Pirsch vorziehen.[…]Hervorragende Bedingungen eine Pirsch durchs Jagdgebiet herrschen im Winter, wenn Neuschnee fällt.Those who have less patience, in other words who are not willing to sit still on their backsides, while on a hunt for red and fallow deer will prefer to go deerstalking/stalking. […]Excellent conditions to go deerstalking/stalking across the hunting ground prevail in wintertime, as soon as fresh snow is falling.
** 2012, Paul Holzmayer: Tiger & Co.: Begegnungen mit Wildtieren bei Reisen in die Tiger-Reservate und Nationalparks Indiens, Nepals und Sri Lankas. epubli GmbH, Berlin, →ISBN (GoogleBooks; retrieved October 13, 2015), p. 40:
    Es ist nun aber so, dass viele Pirschen mit dem Wind erfolgen und an dem hervorragenden Witterungsvermögen der Hirsche scheitern; diejenigen, die gegen den Wind erfolgen, sind rein zufällig.Now the fact is that many deerstalkings are carried out downwind and fail because of the deer’s outstanding ability to get wind of; those that are carried out upwind occur purely accidental.

#### Derived terms

* auf die Pirsch gehen
* Pirschgang
* Pirschjagd

#### See also

* pirschen
* Schleichjagd
* Verfolgungsjagd

### References

* 1 2 Friedrich Kluge, revised by Elmar Seebold: Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. 24th, proofread and extended edition, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin/New York 2001, →ISBN, headword “pirschen (auch birschen)”, p. 705.
* 1 2 3 “Pirsch” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

### Further reading

* “Pirsch” in Duden online
* “Pirsch” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Pirsch” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
* “Pirsch” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
# þarfna
## Old Norse
### Etymology

From þǫrf (“need, necessity”).

### Verb

þarfna
* to be needful, necessary
* (reflexive) to lack, want, be without

#### Derived terms

* þarfnan f

### Further reading

* Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “þarfna”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 508; also available at the [https://archive.org/stream/concisedictionar001857
* page/508 Internet Archive]
# decentral
## English
### Etymology

From de- +‎ central.

### Adjective

decentral (comparative more decentral, superlative most decentral)
* Not central; decentralized.
** 1982, Robert G. Swendrzynski, Work Sampling of Decentral Pharmacy Technicians:This study was performed to measure the work activity components for the decentral pharmacy technician teams at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics (UWH&C).

#### Derived terms

* decentrally
* decentral planning
# pijany
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish pijany, from Proto-Slavic *pьjanъ. By surface analysis, pić +‎ -any.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /piˈja.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -anɘ
* Syllabification: pi‧ja‧ny

### Adjective

pijany (comparative bardziej pijany, superlative najbardziej pijany, no derived adverb)
* drunk (intoxicated after drinking alcohol)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:pijany

#### Derived terms

* pijanusieńki
* pijanuteńki
* pijano
* po pijanemu
* pijaność
* pijaństwo

### Further reading

* pijany in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pijany in Polish dictionaries at PWN