OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# clannish
## English
### Etymology

From clan +‎ -ish.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈklæn.ɪʃ/
* Rhymes: -ænɪʃ

### Adjective

clannish (comparative more clannish, superlative most clannish)
* Of or related to a clan.
* Socially exclusive.
    Synonym: clanny
** 2020 September 3, Kim Willsher, “French reporter who joined police exposes racism and violence”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:Gendrot describes a “clannish” system that ensures officers close ranks to protect their own, leading to a sense of impunity.

#### Derived terms

* clannishly
* clannishness
* Klannish
* unclannish
# in two shakes
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Prepositional phrase

in two shakes
* (dated, idiomatic) Very quickly; without delay.
** 1833, J. E. Alexander, chapter 18, in Transatlantic Sketches, volume I:by George! we would souse the Lords o' the Admiralty themselves, if they were here, in a couple of shakes
** 1906, Edith Nesbit, chapter 2, in The Railway Children:She tried to get the case open. . . . "I wish Father was here," said Phyllis; "he'd get it open in two shakes."
** 1910, William MacLeod Raine, chapter 5, in A Texas Ranger:I'll have coffee ready in two shakes of a cow's tail.
** 1922, Agatha Christie, chapter 19, in The Secret Adversary:I'll be back in two shakes of a dog's tail.
** 1922, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter 16, in Right Ho, Jeeves:In two shakes of a duck's tail Gussie, with all that lapping about inside him, will be distributing the prizes at Market Snodsbury Grammar School.
** 2005 December 15, Adrian Higgins, “And All the Trimmings”, in Washington Post, page H01:Skilled sheep shearers can get the wool off a ewe in two shakes of a lamb's tail.

#### Synonyms

* in a brace of shakes
* in a couple of shakes
* in a few shakes
* in two shakes of a cow's tail
* in two shakes of a dog's tail
* in two shakes of a duck's tail
* in two shakes of a lamb's tail
* in two shakes of a rabbit's ass
# -lógico
## Portuguese
### Etymology

-logia +‎ -ico.

### Suffix

-lógico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -lógica, masculine plural -lógicos, feminine plural -lógicas)
* -logical; -logic (forms adjectives relating to scientific fields that end in -logia)

#### Related terms

* -logia
* -logo

## Spanish
### Etymology

-logía +‎ -ico.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈloxiko/ [ˈlo.xi.ko]
* Rhymes: -oxiko
* Syllabification: -ló‧gi‧co

### Suffix

-lógico (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -lógica, masculine plural -lógicos, feminine plural -lógicas)
* -logical, -logic

#### Related terms

* -logía
* -logo
# chromota
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish chromota, from Proto-Slavic *xromota. By surface analysis, chromy +‎ -ota.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xrɔˈmɔ.ta/
* Rhymes: -ɔta
* Syllabification: chro‧mo‧ta

### Noun

chromota f
* (obsolete) lameness
    Synonyms: chromość, kulawość

#### Related terms

* chromać impf
* chromieć impf
* ochromić pf

### Further reading

* chromota in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# bioterapeutyczny
## Polish
### Etymology

From bioterapeuta +‎ -yczny. First attested in 1938.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bjɔ.tɛ.ra.pɛwˈtɘt͡ʂ.nɘ/
* Rhymes: -ɘt͡ʂnɘ
* Syllabification: bio‧te‧ra‧peu‧tycz‧ny

### Adjective

bioterapeutyczny (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (alternative medicine, relational) energy medicine
    Synonyms: bioenergoterapeutyczny, energoterapeutyczny
    seans bioterapeutyczny ― energy medicine seance

#### Related terms

* bioterapeuta
* bioterapeutka
* bioterapia
* terapia

### References

* ↑ Ludwik Rządkowski (1938) Encyklopedia farmaceutyczna. T. 9, Codeinum - cortex myricis‎, page 96

### Further reading

* bioterapeutyczny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* bioterapeutyczny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# a ce
## Polish
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

### Pronunciation

* (Masovia):
** (Near Masovian) IPA: /a ˈt͡sɛ/

### Interjection

a ce
* (Near Masovian) used to chase off horses
    Coordinate terms: ce, cieś

#### Related terms

* ceśka

### Further reading

* Władysław Matlakowski (1891) “a ce”, in “Zbiór wyrazów ludowych dawnej ziemi czerskiej”, in Sprawozdania Komisyi Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume 4, Krakow: Drukarnia Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, page 372
# raitistua
## Finnish
### Etymology

raitis +‎ -tua

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɑi̯tistuɑˣ/, [ˈrɑ̝i̯t̪is̠ˌtuɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uɑ
* Hyphenation: rai‧tis‧tua

### Verb

raitistua
* to sober up (to reduce or stop altogether one's consumption of alcohol)

#### Derived terms

* raitistuminen

### Further reading

* “raitistua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* riisuttaa, risatauti
# Zamboanga Sibugay
## English
### Etymology

From Spanish Zamboanga Sibúgay, from Zamboanga +‎ Sibúgay.

### Pronunciation

* (Philippines) IPA: /zɐm.boˌaŋ.ɡɐ sɪˈbu.ɡaɪ̯/

### Proper noun

Zamboanga Sibugay
* A province of Zamboanga Peninsula, Mindanao, Philippines. Capital: Ipil

#### Translations
## Cebuano
### Etymology

From Spanish Zamboanga Sibúgay, from Zamboanga +‎ Sibúgay.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: Zam‧bo‧an‧ga Si‧bu‧gay
* IPA: /samboˌaŋɡa siˈbuɡaj/ [s̪ɐm.boˌaŋ.ɡɐ s̪ɪˈbu.ɡɐɪ̯]

### Proper noun

Zamboanga Sibugay
* Zamboanga Sibugay (a province of Zamboanga Peninsula, Mindanao, Philippines; capital: Ipil)

## Tagalog
### Etymology

From Spanish Zamboanga Sibúgay, from Zamboanga +‎ Sibúgay.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /zamboˌaŋɡa siˈbuɡaj/ [zɐm.boˌaŋ.ɡɐ sɪˈbuː.ɣaɪ̯]
** IPA: (more native-sounding) /samboˌaŋɡa siˈbuɡaj/ [sɐm.boˌaŋ.ɡɐ sɪˈbuː.ɣaɪ̯]
* Rhymes: -uɡaj
* Syllabification: Zam‧bo‧an‧ga Si‧bu‧gay

### Proper noun

Zamboanga Sibugay (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜋ᜔ᜊᜓᜏᜅ᜔ᜄ ᜐᜒᜊᜓᜄᜌ᜔)
* Zamboanga Sibugay (a province of Zamboanga Peninsula, Mindanao, Philippines; capital: Ipil)

#### Related terms

* Zamboanga
* Zamboanga del Norte
* Zamboanga del Sur
* Zamboangueño
# حرفه
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حِرْفَة (ḥirfa, “occupation”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [hiɾ.ˈfa]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [hɪɾ.fǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [hɪɾ.fǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɪɾ.fǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔiɾ.fǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [heɹ.fé]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [hiɾ.fǽ]

### Noun

حرفه • (herfe) (plural حرفه‌ها (herfe-hâ) or حرف (heraf))
* career, profession
    Synonyms: شغل (šoğl), کار (kâr), پیشه (piše)

#### Derived terms

* حرفه‌ای (herfe'i, “professional”)
# zjihnout
## Czech
### Etymology

From z- +‎ jihnout.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzjɪɦnou̯t]
* Hyphenation: zjih‧nout

### Verb

zjihnout pf
* to grow sentimental, to melt, to thrill

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | zjihnout, zjihnouti | Active adjective | zjihnuvší |
| Verbal noun | — | Passive adjective | — |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | zjihnu | zjihneme | — | zjihněme |
| 2nd person | zjihneš | zjihnete | zjihni | zjihněte |
| 3rd person | zjihne | zjihnou | — | — |
* The verb zjihnout does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | zjihl | zjihli | — | — |
| masculine inanimate | zjihl | zjihly | — | — |
| feminine | zjihla | zjihly | — | — |
| neuter | zjihlo | zjihla | — | — |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | — | zjihnuv |
| feminine + neuter singular | — | zjihnuvši |
| plural | — | zjihnuvše |

#### Derived terms

* zjihlý

### Further reading

* “zjihnouti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “zjihnouti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# וואַקצינירונג
## Yiddish
### Etymology

From וואַקצינירן (vaktsinirn) +‎ ־ונג (-ung). Compare German Vakzinierung.

### Noun

וואַקצינירונג • (vaktsinirung) f, plural וואַקצינירונגען (vaktsinirungen)
* vaccination

#### Related terms

* וואַקצין m (vaktsin)

### References

* Justus van de Kamp et al., “וואַקצינירונג” in Jiddisch-Nederlands Woordenboek [Yiddish-Dutch Dictionary], Amsterdam: Stichting Jiddische Lexicografie, 1987-present (ongoing). .
* Beinfeld, Solon, Bochner, Harry (2013) “וואַקצינירונג”, in Comprehensive Yiddish-English Dictionary, Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, →ISBN
# standardní
## Czech
### Alternative forms

* standartní (rare)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈstandardɲiː]

### Adjective

standardní
* standard
    Antonym: nestandardní

#### Related terms

* nadstandard
* nadstandardní
* standard

### Further reading

* “standardní”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “standardní”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “standardní”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# tanning
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtænɪŋ/
* Rhymes: -ænɪŋ

### Verb

tanning
* present participle and gerund of tan

### Noun

tanning (countable and uncountable, plural tannings)
* The process of making leather, which does not easily decompose, from the easily decomposing skins of animals.
* The acquisition of a tan, either by exposure to the sun, or artificially.
* (informal) A spanking.

#### Derived terms

* spray tanning
* tanning bed
* tanning butter
* tanning parlor
* tanning salon

#### See also

* tan someone's hide
# cutee
## English
### Adjective

cutee
* Elongated form of cute.
# fantasía
## Asturian
### Etymology

From Latin phantasia, from Ancient Greek φαντασία (phantasía, “apparition”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fantaˈsia/ [fãn̪.t̪aˈsi.a]

### Noun

fantasía f (plural fantasíes)
* fantasy

#### Related terms

* fantasiar
* fantasma
* fantásticu

## Galician
### Etymology

From Latin phantasia, from Ancient Greek φαντασία (phantasía, “apparition”).

### Noun

fantasía f (plural fantasías)
* fantasy

#### Related terms

* fantasiar
* fantasma
* fantástico

### Further reading

* “fantasía”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin phantasia, from Ancient Greek φαντασία (phantasía, “apparition”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fantaˈsia/ [fãn̪.t̪aˈsi.a]
* Audio (Venezuela):(file)
* Rhymes: -ia
* Syllabification: fan‧ta‧sí‧a

### Noun

fantasía f (plural fantasías)
* fantasy
* costume jewellery
* make-believe
* (music) fantasia

#### Derived terms

* joyería de fantasía

#### Related terms

* fantasear
* fantasioso
* fantasma
* fantástico

### Further reading

* “fantasía”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ladička
## Czech
### Etymology

From ladit +‎ -čka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlaɟɪt͡ʃka]

### Noun

ladička f
* tuning fork
* pitch pipe

#### Related terms

* ladič m
* ladit

### Further reading

* “ladička”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “ladička”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “ladička”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# rozchorowywać
## Polish
### Etymology

From rozchorować +‎ -ywać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɔs.xɔ.rɔˈvɘ.vat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɘvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: roz‧cho‧ro‧wy‧wać

### Verb

rozchorowywać impf (perfective rozchorować)
* (reflexive with się) to be taken ill, to get sick, to fall ill (to become ill)
    Synonym: (archaic) zaniemagać

#### Related terms

* chorobliwy
* chorowity
* chory
* choroba
* chorować impf
* chorzeć impf

### Further reading

* rozchorowywać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* rozchorowywać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# betraying
## English
### Etymology 1

From betray +‎ -ing.

#### Adjective

betraying (comparative more betraying, superlative most betraying)
* That betrays

##### Derived terms

* betrayingly
* unbetraying

#### Verb

betraying
* present participle and gerund of betray

### Etymology 2

From Middle English betraying, bytrayenge, betraȝyng, equivalent to betray +‎ -ing.

#### Noun

betraying (plural betrayings)
* betrayal
** 1614, Walter Ralegh [i.e., Walter Raleigh], The Historie of the World […], London: […] William Stansby for Walter Burre, […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=1 to 5):Oh, by what plots, by what forswearings, betrayings, oppressions, imprisonments, tortures, poisonings, and under what reasons of state and politic subtilty, have these forenamed kings […] pulled the vengeance of God upon themselves […]
# siivittää
## Finnish
### Etymology

siipi (“wing”) +‎ -ittää

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsiːʋitːæːˣ/, [ˈs̠iːʋit̪ːæː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -iːʋitːæː
* Hyphenation: sii‧vit‧tää

### Verb

siivittää
* (figuratively) to wing (assist as if by giving wings)
    Yleisön raikuva kannustus siivitti Kärkkäisen voittoon.The roaring support of the crowd winged Kärkkäinen to victory.

#### Derived terms

* siivittyä
* siivittäjä

### Further reading

* “siivittää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Anagrams

* tiivistää
# kamora
## English
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

kamora (plural kamoras)
* The diacritic ҄, used in the Old Cyrillic alphabet to represent palatalization of certain consonants.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Omkaar

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* kamorra, camorra

### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian camorra, from a Neapolitan word supposedly from Spanish camorra (“dispute, quarrel”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈmɔ.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔra
* Syllabification: ka‧mo‧ra

### Noun

kamora f sg
* Camorra (crime organization from Naples)

#### Derived terms

* kamorysta

### Further reading

* kamora in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kamora in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# vernielen
## Dutch
### Etymology

From Middle Dutch vernielen, a verb derived (with the circumfix ver- -en) from the word niel, which appears to have meant "prone", and which derives from Proto-Germanic *nīwalaz (compare Old English neowol). The verb thus originally may have meant "to topple" or "to overthrow".

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ilən

### Verb

vernielen
* to destroy
    Synonym: vernietigen

#### Derived terms

* vernieler
* vernieling
* vernielzucht

### References

* van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “vernielen”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

### Anagrams

* inleveren, leveren in
# käydä koulua
## Finnish
### Etymology

käydä (“to go”) + koulua (“school”)

### Verb

käydä koulua
* To go to school, to attend school

#### Conjugation

See käydä. koulua is in the partitive case, but is inflected in the genitive in action nouns: see Appendix:Finnish verb phrases.

#### Synonyms

* opiskella

#### Derived terms

* koulunkäynti
# arriviste
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French arriviste.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌæ.ɹɪˈviːst/

### Noun

arriviste (plural arrivistes)
* (derogatory) An upstart or newcomer; nouveau riche; parvenu; an ambitious, brash or arrogant person who has yet to integrate with his or her new social group.
** 1920, Bertrand Russell, chapter V, in The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism‎:The second class in the bureaucracy, among whom are to be found most of the men occupying political posts just below the top, consists of arrivistes, who are enthusiastic Bolsheviks because of the material success of Bolshevism.

#### Derived terms

* arrivistic

#### See also

* social climber
* drifter

## French
### Etymology

From arriver +‎ -iste.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ʁi.vist/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

arriviste m or f by sense (plural arrivistes)
* (derogatory) arriviste

#### Related terms

* arrivisme

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: arribista
* → English: arriviste
* → Galician: arribista
* → Greek: αριβίστας (arivístas)
* → Italian: arrivista
* → Portuguese: arrivista
* → Spanish: arribista

#### See also

* parvenu

### Further reading

* “arriviste”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ar.riˈvi.ste/
* Rhymes: -iste
* Hyphenation: ar‧ri‧vì‧ste

### Noun

arriviste f
* plural of arrivista

### Anagrams

* riavresti, riservati, riversati, rivestirà
# specyfika
## Polish
### Etymology

Back-formation from specyficzny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (prescriptive) /spɛˈt͡sɘ.fi.ka/, (colloquial) /spɛ.t͡sɘˈfi.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘfika, -ika
* Syllabification: spe‧cy‧fi‧ka

### Noun

specyfika f
* specificity (state of being specific rather than general)
* distinctiveness, specialness, unusualness, particularness
    Synonyms: charakterystyczność, charakterystyka, specyficzność, swoistość
* idiosyncraticity

#### Related terms

* specyficzny
* specyficznie
* specyficzność

### Further reading

* specyfika in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* specyfika in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# länsimaat
## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlænsiˌmɑːt/, [ˈlæns̠iˌmɑ̝ːt̪]
* Rhymes: -ɑːt
* Hyphenation: länsi‧maat

### Etymology 1

Plural of länsimaa.

#### Noun

länsimaat
* the western countries; western world; the West

##### Declension

Possessive forms of länsimaat (Kotus type 18/maa, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
länsimaani
accusative
nom.
länsimaani
gen.
genitive
länsimaideni länsimaitteni
partitive
länsimaitani
inessive
länsimaissani
elative
länsimaistani
illative
länsimaihini
adessive
länsimaillani
ablative
länsimailtani
allative
länsimailleni
essive
länsimainani
translative
länsimaikseni
abessive
länsimaittani
instructive
comitative
—länsimaineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
länsimaasi
accusative
nom.
länsimaasi
gen.
genitive
länsimaidesi länsimaittesi
partitive
länsimaitasi
inessive
länsimaissasi
elative
länsimaistasi
illative
länsimaihisi
adessive
länsimaillasi
ablative
länsimailtasi
allative
länsimaillesi
essive
länsimainasi
translative
länsimaiksesi
abessive
länsimaittasi
instructive
comitative
—länsimainesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
länsimaamme
accusative
nom.
länsimaamme
gen.
genitive
länsimaidemme länsimaittemme
partitive
länsimaitamme
inessive
länsimaissamme
elative
länsimaistamme
illative
länsimaihimme
adessive
länsimaillamme
ablative
länsimailtamme
allative
länsimaillemme
essive
länsimainamme
translative
länsimaiksemme
abessive
länsimaittamme
instructive
comitative
—länsimainemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
länsimaanne
accusative
nom.
länsimaanne
gen.
genitive
länsimaidenne länsimaittenne
partitive
länsimaitanne
inessive
länsimaissanne
elative
länsimaistanne
illative
länsimaihinne
adessive
länsimaillanne
ablative
länsimailtanne
allative
länsimaillenne
essive
länsimainanne
translative
länsimaiksenne
abessive
länsimaittanne
instructive
comitative
—länsimainenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
länsimaansa
accusative
nom.
länsimaansa
gen.
genitive
länsimaidensa länsimaittensa
partitive
länsimaitaan länsimaitansa
inessive
länsimaissaan länsimaissansa
elative
länsimaistaan länsimaistansa
illative
länsimaihinsa
adessive
länsimaillaan länsimaillansa
ablative
länsimailtaan länsimailtansa
allative
länsimailleen länsimaillensa
essive
länsimainaan länsimainansa
translative
länsimaikseen länsimaiksensa
abessive
länsimaittaan länsimaittansa
instructive
comitative
—länsimaineen länsimainensa :

##### Derived terms

* länsimaalainen

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

länsimaat
* nominative plural of länsimaa
# definiować
## Polish
### Etymology

Adapted borrowing of Latin dēfīnīre (“to define”) +‎ -ować.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɛ.fiˈɲɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: de‧fi‧nio‧wać

### Verb

definiować impf (perfective zdefiniować)
* (transitive) to define

#### Related terms

* definicja

### Further reading

* definiować in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* definiować in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# outsiderka
## Polish
### Etymology

From outsider +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /awt.sajˈdɛr.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛrka
* Syllabification: out‧si‧der‧ka

### Noun

outsiderka f (male equivalent outsider)
* female equivalent of outsider (“outsider”) (someone excluded)

#### Related terms

* outsiderski

### Further reading

* outsiderka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# dirigista
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdɪrɪɡɪsta]

### Noun

dirigista m anim
* dirigiste (an advocate of dirigisme)

#### Related terms

* See režim

### Further reading

* “dirigista”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “dirigista”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Italian
### Adjective

dirigista (masculine plural dirigisti, feminine plural dirigiste)
* dirigiste, dirigist
    Synonym: dirigistico

### Noun

dirigista m or f by sense (masculine plural dirigisti, feminine plural dirigiste)
* dirigist

#### Related terms

* dirigismo

### Further reading

* dirigista in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Anagrams

* distrigai

## Spanish
### Adjective

dirigista m or f (masculine and feminine plural dirigistas)
* dirigist, dirigiste

#### Related terms

* dirigismo

### Further reading

* “dirigista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# betrothal
## English
### Etymology

From betroth +‎ -al.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /bɪˈtɹəʊ.ðəl/
* (US, Canada) IPA: /bɪˈtɹoʊ.ðəl/
** Audio (US):(file)
* (General Australian) IPA: /bɪˈtɹəʉ.ðəl/, /bɪˈtɹɐʉ.ðəl/
* Rhymes: -əʊðəl

### Noun

betrothal (countable and uncountable, plural betrothals)
* The act of betrothing.
* The fact of being betrothed; a mutual promise, engagement, or contract for a future marriage between two people.

#### Synonyms

* betrothment
* affiance

#### Derived terms

* prebetrothal

#### Translations
### References

* “betrothal”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# biotyt
## Polish
### Etymology

Named after French physicist Jean-Baptiste Biot + -yt. First attested in the.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbjɔ.tɘt/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔtɘt
* Syllabification: bio‧tyt

### Noun

biotyt m inan
* (mineralogy) biotite

#### Derived terms

* biotytowy

### References

* ↑ Ludwik Zejszner (1861) Początki mineralogii : według układu Gustawa Rose, na krystalizacyi i składzie chemicznym opartego‎, page 415
* ↑ biotyt in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* biotyt in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# seminář
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sēminārium, from sēmen (“seed”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsɛmɪnaːr̝̊]

### Noun

seminář m inan
* seminar (class in which students meet regularly to discuss original research, under the guidance of a professor)
* seminary (theological school)
** 1919, František Gellner, Babička Málková:A potom poslušně docela Vstoupil do semináře. Matka, ta už ho viděla Někde na pěkné faře.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* workshop
    Seminář jí zvedl sebedůvěru. ― The workshop increased her self-confidence.

#### Related terms

* seminárka
* seminární práce

### Further reading

* “seminář”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “seminář”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “seminář”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)