OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# jurista
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin iūrista.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ʒuˈɾis.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [d͡ʒuˈɾis.ta]

### Noun

jurista m or f by sense (plural juristes)
* jurist, lawyer

### Further reading

* “jurista” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “jurista”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “jurista” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “jurista” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Finnish
### Etymology

Onomatopoeic root +‎ -ista

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjuristɑˣ/, [ˈjuris̠tɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uristɑ
* Hyphenation: ju‧ris‧ta

### Verb

jurista
* (intransitive) to make a low-pitched repetitive sound
* (intransitive) to drivel, to babble

#### Derived terms

* juro
* jurputtaa

### Anagrams

* juratsi, rajusti

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin iūrista.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ʒuˈɾis.tɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ʒuˈɾis.tɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ʒuˈɾiʃ.tɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ʒuˈɾis.ta/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʒuˈɾiʃ.tɐ/
* Rhymes: (Brazil) -istɐ, (Portugal, Rio de Janeiro) -iʃtɐ
* Hyphenation: ju‧ris‧ta

### Noun

jurista m or f by sense (plural juristas)
* (law) jurist (expert in law consulted by a court)

### Further reading

* “jurista”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Romanian
### Noun

jurista
* definite nominative/accusative singular of juristă

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Medieval Latin iūrista.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xuˈɾista/ [xuˈɾis.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -ista
* Syllabification: ju‧ris‧ta

### Noun

jurista m or f by sense (plural juristas)
* jurist, lawyer

### Further reading

* “jurista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# vääristyä
## Finnish
### Etymology

vääristää (“to distort”) +‎ -yä

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋæːristyæˣ/, [ˈʋæːris̠ˌtyæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -yæ
* Hyphenation: vää‧ris‧tyä

### Verb

vääristyä
* (intransitive) to distort or warp, become distorted or warped

#### Derived terms

* vääristyminen
* vääristymä
* vääristynyt

### Further reading

* “vääristyä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
# Túnez
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /ˈtuneθ/ [ˈt̪u.neθ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈtunes/ [ˈt̪u.nes]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uneθ
* Rhymes: -unes
* Syllabification: Tú‧nez

### Proper noun

Túnez ?
* Tunisia (a country in North Africa)
* Tunis (The capital city, since 1159, and largest city of Tunisia)

#### Derived terms

* hierba de Túnez
* tunecí
* tunecino

### Further reading

* “Túnez”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# smažit
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *smažiti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsmaʒɪt]

### Verb

smažit impf (perfective osmažit or usmažit)
* to fry

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | smažit, smažiti | Active adjective | smažící |
| Verbal noun | smažení | Passive adjective | smažený |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | smažím | smažíme | — | smažme |
| 2nd person | smažíš | smažíte | smaž | smažte |
| 3rd person | smaží | smaží | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive smažit.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | smažil | smažili | smažen | smaženi |
| masculine inanimate | smažil | smažily | smažen | smaženy |
| feminine | smažila | smažily | smažena | smaženy |
| neuter | smažilo | smažila | smaženo | smažena |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | smaže | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | smažíc | — |
| plural | smažíce | — |

#### Derived terms

* osmažit
* smažení n
* smaženka
* usmažit

### Further reading

* “smažiti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “smažiti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “smažit”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# leperrellä
## Finnish
### Etymology

lepertää +‎ -ellä

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈleperːelːæˣ/, [ˈle̞pe̞rˌre̞lːæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -elːæ
* Hyphenation: le‧per‧rel‧lä

### Verb

leperrellä
* to babble (like a baby)
* to talk or speak with a charming voice

#### Derived terms

* lepertely

### Further reading

* “leperrellä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# jarocho
## Spanish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /xaˈɾot͡ʃo/ [xaˈɾo.t͡ʃo]
* Rhymes: -otʃo
* Syllabification: ja‧ro‧cho

### Adjective

jarocho (feminine jarocha, masculine plural jarochos, feminine plural jarochas)
* of, from or relating to Veracruz (state of Mexico)
** 2015 September 27, “México sale a la calle en el aniversario de la tragedia de Iguala”, in El País‎:Antes de la lluvia, las canciones de 12 requintos de son jarocho, mecieron la marcha hasta el Zócalo.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Noun

jarocho m (plural jarochos, feminine jarocha, feminine plural jarochas)
* native or inhabitant of Veracruz (state of Mexico) (male or of unspecified gender)

### Further reading

* “jarocho”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# w międzyczasie
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “in [the] meantime”. Calque of German in der Zwischenzeit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /v mjɛn.d͡zɘˈt͡ʂa.ɕɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Syllabification: w mię‧dzy‧cza‧sie

### Adverb

w międzyczasie (not comparable)
* (colloquial, idiomatic) in the meantime

#### Related terms

* międzyczas

### Further reading

* w międzyczasie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* w międzyczasie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Cipitio
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish Cipitío.

### Proper noun

Cipitio
* (Salvadorian folklore) A legendary character revolving around the Siguanaba and Cadejo legends, portrayed as an 8-10-year-old boy with a large conical hat and a pot belly.

#### Related terms

* cipote
* Siguanaba
* Tláloc
# wyścignąć
## Polish
### Etymology

From wyścigać +‎ -nąć. First attested in 1564.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɘˈɕt͡ɕiɡ.nɔɲt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -iɡnɔɲt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: wy‧ścig‧nąć

### Verb

wyścignąć pf (imperfective wyścigać)
* (transitive, colloquial) to beat, to surpass (to outperform someone in some competition)
* (transitive, archaic) to drive out, to expel, to banish [with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’]
    Synonym: wypędzić

#### Related terms

* wyścigowy
* wyścigowo
* wyścig
* wyścigowiec
* wyścigówka

### References

* ↑ J. Mączyński (1564) Lexicon‎ (in Polish)

### Further reading

* wyścignąć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wyścignąć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “wyścignąć”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “wyścignąć”, in Słownik języka polskiego, page 488
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “wyścignąć”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “wyścignąć”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 1068
# 开band
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 开band – see 開band (“to start an activity; to start a fight”). (This term is the simplified form of 開band).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 춘우
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 春雨, from 春 (“spring”) + 雨 (“rain”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͡ɕʰunu]
* Phonetic hangul: [추누]

### Noun

춘우 • (chunu) (hanja 春雨)
* spring rain
    Synonym: 봄비 (bombi)
    Coordinate terms: 하우(夏雨) (hau), 추우(秋雨) (chuu), 동우(冬雨) (dong'u)
# 봄빛
## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin. From 봄 (bom, “spring”) +‎ 빛 (bit, “light”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [po̞mbit̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [봄빋]

### Noun

봄빛 • (bombit)
* spring scenery
    Synonym: 춘색(春色) (chunsaek)
    Coordinate terms: 여름빛 (yeoreumbit), 가을빛 (ga'eulbit), 겨울빛 (gyeoulbit)
# 塗膏
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thô͘-ko
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thô͘-ko
*** Tâi-lô: thôo-ko
*** Phofsit Daibuun: to'koy
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔ¹³⁻²² ko⁴⁴/

### Noun

塗膏
* (Zhangzhou Hokkien) mud; slush; slurry

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 稀泥 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 爛泥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 稀泥, 爛泥, 泥糊糊 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 稀泥, 薄泥, 爛泥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 爛泥巴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 爛泥巴, 稀泥巴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 爛泥 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 濫泥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 濫膏糜 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 泥糊糊 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 泥糊糊 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 爛泥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 爛泥 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 塗糜 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 軟塗, 爛塗, 塗膏, 塗溝仔糜, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 漤塗, 塗溝糜仔, 塗糜, 爛溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 塗溝糜 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 漉糊仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 路溝仔糜, 爛塗 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 爛溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 爛塗, 漉溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 漉糊糜仔, 爛塗糜 GT, 漉糊糜 GT |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 爛塗, 漉溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 爛溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 塗糜 |
| Wu | Danyang | 爛爛泥 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 淖泥污漿 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 爛污泥肝 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 爛泥巴 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 爛泥巴 |
# 軟塗
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): nńg-thô͘ / núi-thô͘
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nńg-thô͘
*** Tâi-lô: nńg-thôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: nngftoo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /nŋ̍⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /nŋ̍⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰɔ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: núi-thô͘
*** Tâi-lô: nuí-thôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: nuy'too
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /nuĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ¹³/

### Noun

軟塗
* (Southern Min) mud; slush; ooze; mire

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 稀泥 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 爛泥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 稀泥, 爛泥, 泥糊糊 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 稀泥, 薄泥, 爛泥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 爛泥巴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 爛泥巴, 稀泥巴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 爛泥 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 濫泥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 濫膏糜 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 泥糊糊 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 泥糊糊 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 爛泥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 爛泥 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 塗糜 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 軟塗, 爛塗, 塗膏, 塗溝仔糜, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 漤塗, 塗溝糜仔, 塗糜, 爛溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 塗溝糜 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 漉糊仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 路溝仔糜, 爛塗 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 爛溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 爛塗, 漉溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 漉糊糜仔, 爛塗糜 GT, 漉糊糜 GT |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 爛塗, 漉溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 爛溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 塗糜 |
| Wu | Danyang | 爛爛泥 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 淖泥污漿 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 爛污泥肝 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 爛泥巴 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 爛泥巴 |

#### Derived terms

* 軟塗深掘 / 软涂深掘
# 二次创作
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 二次创作 – see 二次創作 (“derivative work”). (This term is the simplified form of 二次創作).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 漉溝仔糜
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 漉溝仔糜 – see 漉糊仔糜 (“mud; slush; ooze; mire”). (This term is a variant form of 漉糊仔糜).
# uvulis
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈuː.u̯u.liːs/, [ˈuːu̯ʊlʲiːs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈu.vu.lis/, [ˈuːvulis]

### Noun

ūvulīs
* dative/ablative plural of ūvula
# голый
## Russian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *golъ, from Proto-Indo-European *gelH- (“naked, bald”), whence English callow. Compare Polish goły and German kahl.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɡoɫɨj]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

го́лый • (gólyj) (comparative (по)голе́е or (по)голе́й, superlative са́мый го́лый)
* naked, nude, bare
    Synonyms: наго́й (nagój, “naked”), обнажённый (obnažónnyj, “naked”), откры́тый (otkrýtyj, “open”), оголённый (ogoljónnyj, “naked”), разде́тый (razdétyj, “undressed”), неприкры́тый (neprikrýtyj, “naked”), непокры́тый (nepokrýtyj, “bare”), лы́сый (lýsyj, “bald”)
** 1905, Фёдор Сологуб [Fyodor Sologub], chapter V, in Мелкий бес; English translation from John Cournos and Richard Aldington, transl., The Little Demon, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1916:Передо́нов угрю́мо хохота́л, гля́дя на свою́ го́лую подру́гу.Peredónov ugrjúmo xoxotál, gljádja na svojú góluju podrúgu.Peredonov laughed gruffly but boisterously as he looked at his naked companion.
* poor, miserable

#### Derived terms

* гол как соко́л (gol kak sokól)

#### Related terms

* голышо́м (golyšóm)
* оголи́ть (ogolítʹ)
* прога́лина (progálina)

### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “голый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
# 漉糊糜
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lo̍k-kô͘-môe / lo̍k-kô͘-bê
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍k-kô͘-môe
*** Tâi-lô: lo̍k-kôo-muê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: logkomoee
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔ²³⁻³³ muẽ²³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lo̍k-kô͘-bê
*** Tâi-lô: lo̍k-kôo-bê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: logko'bee
*** IPA (Taipei): /lɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ be²⁴/

### Noun

漉糊糜
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) mud; slush; slurry

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 稀泥 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 爛泥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 稀泥, 爛泥, 泥糊糊 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 稀泥, 薄泥, 爛泥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 爛泥巴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 爛泥巴, 稀泥巴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 爛泥 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 濫泥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 濫膏糜 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 泥糊糊 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 泥糊糊 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 爛泥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 爛泥 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 塗糜 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 軟塗, 爛塗, 塗膏, 塗溝仔糜, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 漤塗, 塗溝糜仔, 塗糜, 爛溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 塗溝糜 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 漉糊仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 漉糊仔糜, 爛塗 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 爛溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 爛塗, 漉糊仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 漉糊糜仔, 爛塗糜 GT, 漉糊糜 GT |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 爛塗, 漉溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 爛溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 塗糜 |
| Wu | Danyang | 爛爛泥 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 淖泥污漿 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 爛污泥肝 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 爛泥巴 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 爛泥巴 |
# 爛塗糜
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): nōa-thô͘-môe / nōa-thô͘-bê
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nōa-thô͘-môe
*** Tâi-lô: nuā-thôo-muê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: noaxtomoee
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /nuã³³⁻²¹ tʰɔ²³⁻³³ muẽ²³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nōa-thô͘-bê
*** Tâi-lô: nuā-thôo-bê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: noaxto'bee
*** IPA (Taipei): /nuã³³⁻¹¹ tʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ be²⁴/

### Noun

爛塗糜
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) mud; slush; slurry

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 稀泥 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 爛泥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 稀泥, 爛泥, 泥糊糊 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 稀泥, 薄泥, 爛泥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 爛泥巴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 爛泥巴, 稀泥巴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 爛泥 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 濫泥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 濫膏糜 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 泥糊糊 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 泥糊糊 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 爛泥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 爛泥 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 塗糜 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 軟塗, 爛塗, 塗膏, 塗溝仔糜, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 漤塗, 塗溝糜仔, 塗糜, 爛溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 塗溝糜 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 漉糊仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 漉糊仔糜, 爛塗 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 爛溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 爛塗, 漉糊仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 漉糊糜仔, 爛塗糜 GT, 漉糊糜 GT |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 爛塗, 漉溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 爛溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 塗糜 |
| Wu | Danyang | 爛爛泥 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 淖泥污漿 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 爛污泥肝 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 爛泥巴 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 爛泥巴 |
# kinyongo
## Swahili
### Etymology

From ki- +‎ nyongo.

### Noun

kinyongo class VII (no plural)
* bitterness, resentment
# 巴格達
## Chinese

* 巴格達 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 巴格達省 (Written Standard Chinese)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Bāgédá
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚ ㄍㄜˊ ㄉㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baa$^1$ gaak$^3$ daat$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Pa-kiak-ta̍t / Pa-keh-ta̍t / Pa-kek-ta̍t
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Bāgédá
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ ㄍㄜˊ ㄉㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Bagédá
*** Wade–Giles: Pa$^1$-ko$^2$-ta$^2$
*** Yale: Bā-gé-dá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Bagerdar
*** Palladius: Багэда (Bagɛda)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ tä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baa$^1$ gaak$^3$ daat$^6$
*** Yale: bā gaak daaht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baa$^1$ gaak$^8$ daat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ba$^1$ gag$^3$ dad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /paː⁵⁵ kaːk̚³ taːt̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pa-kiak-ta̍t
*** Tâi-lô: Pa-kiak-ta̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pa'kiakdat
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pa³³ kiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tat̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pa-keh-ta̍t
*** Tâi-lô: Pa-keh-ta̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pa'kehdat
*** IPA (Taipei): /pa⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ tat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pa⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tat̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pa-kek-ta̍t
*** Tâi-lô: Pa-kik-ta̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pa'kekdat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pa⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pa⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ tat̚¹²¹/

### Proper noun

巴格達
* Baghdad (the capital city of Iraq)
* (～省) Baghdad (a governorate of Iraq)
# 𐏋

| 𐏋 | U+103CB, &#66507; OLD PERSIAN SIGN XSHAAYATHIYA |
| ← 𐏊 [U+103CA] | Old Persian | 𐏌 → [U+103CC] |

## Old Persian
### Alternative forms

* 𐎧𐏁𐎠𐎹𐎰𐎡𐎹 (x-š-a-y-θ-i-y)

### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *xšáyati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšáyati (“he rules, he has power over”) (whence Sanskrit क्षयति (kṣáyati)), from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to gain power over, gain control over”).
Likely a borrowing from Old Median, being a doublet of 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (xšaça-, “realm, province”). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षत्र (kṣatrá, “might, power”), Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra, “kingdom”), Bactrian ϸαο (šao), Old Armenian աշխարհ (ašxarh), Ancient Greek κτάομαι (ktáomai, “to get, acquire”).

### Noun

𐏋 (XŠ /xšāyaθiya/)
* king

#### Descendants

* Middle Persian: 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (MLKA /⁠šāh⁠/)
** Persian: شاه (šâh) (see there for further descendants)

### References

* ↑ Kent, Roland G. (1950) Old Persian: grammar, texts, lexicon, New Haven: American Oriental Society