# tuath
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Irish túath.

### Noun

tuath (plural tuaths or tuatha)
* (historical) A tribe or group of people in Ireland, having a loose voluntary system of governance entered into through contracts by all members.
** 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 331:There was nothing fixed or enduring about many tuatha, and reflecting the itinerant character of much of Irish society, the Church developed the peculiar phenomenon of roving ecclesiastic families [...].

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish túath, from Proto-Celtic *toutā, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t̪ˠuə/
* Homophone: tua

### Noun

tuath f (genitive singular tuaithe, nominative plural tuatha)
* (historical) people, tribe
** country, territory
** petty kingdom; territorial unit (of ancient Ireland)
* laity
* rural districts, country (rural area), countryside
    Tá mo mháthair faoin tuath.My mother is in the country(side).

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
tuath
tuatha
vocative
a thuath
a thuatha
genitive
tuaithe
tuath
dative
tuath tuaith (archaic, dialectal)
tuatha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an tuath
na tuatha
genitive
na tuaithe
na dtuath
dative
leis an tuath leis an tuaith (archaic, dialectal) don tuath don tuaith (archaic, dialectal)
leis na tuatha :

#### Derived terms

* fabhcún tuaithe (“gyrfalcon”)
* tuathánach (“countryman, rustic, peasant”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tuath”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 túath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Scottish Gaelic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t̪ʰuə/
* (Lewis) IPA: [t̪ʰʉø]

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish túath, from Proto-Celtic *toutā, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.

#### Noun

tuath f (genitive singular tuatha, plural tuathan)
* country people, folk
* countryside
* laity
* peasantry
* tenantry

##### Related terms

* tuathanach (“farmer, agriculturalist, peasant; tenant; yeoman”)

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish túaid, túath.

#### Noun

tuath f
* north
    Antonym: deas

##### Derived terms

* a tuath
* Cuan a Tuath
* ear-thuath (“northeast”)
* tuath magnaiteach
* tuath-ghaoth (“north wind}”)
* tuathach (“north highlander”)

##### See also

(compass points)
| iar-thuath | tuath | ear-thuath |
| iar | | ear |
| iar-dheas | deas | ear-dheas |

#### Adjective

tuath
* northern, north

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Am Faclair Beag: "tuath".
* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “tuath”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 túath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “túaid, thúaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language