OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# desincrustar
## Catalan
### Etymology

From des- +‎ incrustar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [də.ziŋ.kɾusˈta]
* IPA: (Valencia) [de.ziŋ.kɾusˈtaɾ]

### Verb

desincrustar (first-person singular present desincrusto, first-person singular preterite desincrustí, past participle desincrustat)
* (transitive) to remove an encrustation from; to scrape clean, to descale

#### Related terms

* desincrustació

### Further reading

* “desincrustar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /desinkɾusˈtaɾ/ [d̪e.sĩŋ.kɾusˈt̪aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: de‧sin‧crus‧tar

### Verb

desincrustar (first-person singular present desincrusto, first-person singular preterite desincrusté, past participle desincrustado)
* to descale (remove scale from a surface)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

#### Related terms

* desencrustante
* desincrustación
* desincrustamiento
* incrustar

### Further reading

* “desincrustar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ulem
## Albanian
### Alternative forms

* unj
* ulna (Gheg)

### Etymology

Mediopassive of ul (“to lower”); ul (“to lower”) +‎ -em (“oneself”) → meaning “to sit down”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ulɛm/

### Verb

ulem (aorist u ula, participle ulur)
* to sit, sit down
* to be taking a seat
    Ulem. U ula.I sit. I sat.

#### Conjugation

* Show compound tenses:
* Show compound tenses:

#### Related terms

* ul (active)
* ulur (participle)
* ulët

### Further reading

* “ulem”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎ (in Albanian), 1980
* “ulem”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
* Newmark, L. (1999) “ulem”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎

## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈu.lɛm/
* Rhymes: -ulɛm
* Syllabification: u‧lem

### Noun

ulem m
* instrumental singular of ul
# resoluto
## Latin
### Participle

resolūtō
* dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of resolūtus

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.zoˈlu.tu/ [he.zoˈlu.tu]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.zoˈlu.tu/ [he.zoˈlu.tu]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ʁe.zoˈlu.tu/ [χe.zoˈlu.tu]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ʁe.zoˈlu.to/ [he.zoˈlu.to]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɨ.zuˈlu.tu/
* Hyphenation: re‧so‧lu‧to

### Adjective

resoluto (feminine resoluta, masculine plural resolutos, feminine plural resolutas)
* resolute; determined; unyielding
    Synonyms: decidido, determinado

#### Related terms

* resolução
* resolver

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /resoˈluto/ [re.soˈlu.t̪o]
* Rhymes: -uto
* Syllabification: re‧so‧lu‧to

### Adjective

resoluto (feminine resoluta, masculine plural resolutos, feminine plural resolutas)
* resolute
    Synonym: decidido

### Further reading

* “resoluto”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# synogarlica
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish sinogardlica. By surface analysis, siny +‎ -o- +‎ gardło +‎ -ica.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɘ.nɔ.ɡarˈli.t͡sa/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -it͡sa
* Syllabification: sy‧no‧gar‧li‧ca

### Noun

synogarlica f (diminutive synogarliczka)
* some pigeons of the genus Streptopelia

#### Derived terms

* synogarliczy

### Further reading

* synogarlica in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* synogarlica in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# trawojad
## Polish
### Etymology

From trawa +‎ -o- +‎ jeść.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /traˈvɔ.jat/
* Rhymes: -ɔjat
* Syllabification: tra‧wo‧jad

### Noun

trawojad m animal
* graminivore (grass-eating animal)

#### Related terms

* trawożerny
* trawożerność

### Further reading

* trawojad in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# antynikotynowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From anty- +‎ nikotynowy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /an.tɘ.ɲi.kɔ.tɘˈnɔ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: an‧ty‧ni‧ko‧ty‧no‧wy

### Adjective

antynikotynowy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* antinicotinic, antinicotine (countering nicotine)

#### Related terms

* nikotynowy
* nikotyna
* nikotynamid
* nikotynizm
* nikotynizować

### Further reading

* antynikotynowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# svak
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech svak.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsvak]
* Hyphenation: svak

### Noun

svak m anim
* (archaic) brother-in-law
    Synonym: švagr

#### Related terms

* svaka f
* svakyně f

### Further reading

* “svak”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “svak”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology

From Middle Low German swak, from Old Saxon *swak, from Proto-West Germanic *swak. Compare with German schwach.

### Adjective

svak (neuter singular svakt, definite singular and plural svake, comparative svakere, indefinite superlative svakest, definite superlative svakeste)
* weak
* faint
    en svak lyd ― a faint sound

#### Derived terms

* en kjede er aldri sterkere enn sitt svakeste ledd
* svakhet

#### Related terms

* svekke

### References

* “svak” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology

From Middle Low German swak, from Old Saxon *swak, from Proto-West Germanic *swak. Compare with German schwach.

### Adjective

svak (neuter singular svakt, definite singular and plural svake, comparative svakare, indefinite superlative svakast, definite superlative svakaste)
* weak
* faint

#### Derived terms

* svakheit

#### Related terms

* svekke

### References

* “svak” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

## Old Czech
### Etymology

Derived from Proto-Slavic *svojakъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈsʋak/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈsvak/

### Noun

svak m pers
* brother-in-law

#### Descendants

* Czech: svak

### References

* ↑ Václav Machek (1968) “svak”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia, page 593

### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “svak”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

From earlier *svojakъ; compare svȏj.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sʋâːk/

#### Noun

svȃk m (Cyrillic spelling сва̑к)
* brother-in-law (one's sister's husband)
* father-in-law (one's husband's father; svèkar)

##### Declension
### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sʋâk/

#### Pronoun

svȁk (Cyrillic spelling сва̏к)
* everyone (alternative form of svȁtko/svȁko)

## Slovene
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sʋàːk/

### Noun

svák m anim (female equivalent svákinja)
* brother-in-law

#### Inflection
### Further reading

* “svak”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025
# osła
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɔ.swa/
* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈɔ.swa/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔswa
* Syllabification: o‧sła

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish osła, from Proto-Slavic *os(ь)la.

#### Noun

osła f
* (obsolete or dialectal, Far Masovian) Augmentative of osełka (“whetstone”)

##### Related terms

* ostry
* jesieć
* osieć
* oścień
* ość

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

osła m
* genitive/accusative singular of osioł

### Further reading

* osła in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Stanisław Ciszewski (1909) “osła”, in “Przyczynek do słownika gwary mazowieckiej”, in Prace Filologiczne (in Polish), volume 7, z. 1, Warsaw: skł. gł. w Księgarni E. Wende i Ska, page 208
# 荷蘭芹
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hélánqín
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ho$^4$ laan$^{4-1}$ kan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hélánqín
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: héláncín
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^2$-lan$^2$-chʻin$^2$
*** Yale: hé-lán-chín
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: herlanchyn
*** Palladius: хэланьцинь (xɛlanʹcinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ³⁵ län³⁵ t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ho$^4$ laan$^{4-1}$ kan$^4$
*** Yale: hòh lāan kàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ho$^4$ laan$^{4-1}$ kan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ho$^4$ lan$^{4-1}$ ken$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔː²¹ laːn²¹⁻⁵⁵ kʰɐn²¹/

### Noun

荷蘭芹
* parsley (herb)

#### Synonyms

* 歐芹／欧芹 (ōuqín)
# úsvit
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech úsvit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈuːsvɪt]

### Noun

úsvit m inan
* dawn (the time when the sun rises)
    Synonyms: svítání, zora, rozbřesk
    Antonyms: soumrak, stmívání, šírání

#### Coordinate terms

(times of day) část dne; úsvit, ráno, dopoledne, poledne, odpoledne, podvečer, večer, soumrak, noc, půlnoc

#### Related terms

* světlo
* svit
* svítat
* svítit

### Further reading

* “úsvit”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “úsvit”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “úsvit”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Old Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈuːsʋit/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈau̯svit/

### Noun

úsvit m inan
* dawn (the time when the sun rises)
    Synonyms: břězh, zábřězh, dněnie, udněnie, naúsvitie, svět, úsvět, svitánie, usvitánie, svietanie, zora
    Antonyms: súmrak, mrak, mrkánie, omračenie, smrak, úmrak
    na úsvitě ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Coordinate terms

(times of day) část dne; úsvit, jutro/ráno, dopoledne, poledne, spoledne, nešpor, večer, súmrak, prvospi, noc, pólnoc

#### Derived terms

* naúsvitie
* svietati
* svit
* svět
* úsvět

#### Descendants

* Czech: úsvit

### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “úsvit”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# dialektyzować
## Polish
### Etymology

From dialekt +‎ -yzować.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dja.lɛk.tɘˈzɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: dia‧lek‧ty‧zo‧wać

### Verb

dialektyzować impf
* (transitive, literary, linguistics) to introduce dialectal elements to a literary work

#### Related terms

* dialektalny
* dialektologiczny
* dialektowy
* dialektyczny
* dialektycznie
* dialekt
* dialektolog
* dialektologia
* dialektyzacja
* dialektyzm

### Further reading

* dialektyzować in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# blandengue
## Spanish
### Etymology

From blando.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /blanˈdenɡe/ [blãn̪ˈd̪ẽŋ.ɡe]
* Rhymes: -enɡe
* Syllabification: blan‧den‧gue

### Adjective

blandengue m or f (masculine and feminine plural blandengues)
* weak, soft
** 2015 July 6, “Roca Rey huele a figura”, in El País‎:Sin duda alguna, ha sorprendido en San Fermín ante una novillada dulzona, nobilísima y muy blanda de El Parralejo, ante la que demostró que, cuando un torero quiere, no hay fenómeno meteorológico ni toro blandengue y soso que le impida llamar la atención del público.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* blandenguería

### Noun

blandengue m or f by sense (plural blandengues)
* sissy, weakling, softie
** 1888, Eduardo Acevedo Díaz, Ismael‎, Buenos Aires: La Tribuna Nacional:En la época de que hablamos, pocos eran los que no habían revistado en blandengues y en caballería de milicias, y experimentado los deseos sensuales del mando, tan en armonía con las tendencias del fondo del carácter hispano-colonial, refractario a la obediencia y rebelde al servilismo.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1900, Pastor Servando Obligado, Tradiciones argentinas - Primera serie:Expedición hubo, como la dirigida por el maestro de campo General don Manuel de Pinazo en 1778, que reunió seiscientas carretas, doce mil bueyes, dos mil seiscientos caballos y mil hombres á más de la escolta de cuatrocientos blandengues, pardos y milicianos, y aún cuatro cañones.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Further reading

* “blandengue”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# ܪܩܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

* Root
* ܪ ܩ ܩ (r q q)
* 3 terms
Of the noun pattern 1a23ā.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [raqqaː]

### Noun

ܪܲܩܵܐ • (raqqā) m (plural ܪ̈ܲܩܹܐ (raqqē))
* a type of thin, dry, flat unleavened bread
* (by extension) cracker, wafer
# yabe
## Cebuano
### Alternative forms

* yabi
* yawe, yawi

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish llave (“key”), from Latin clāvis (“key”). This and yawe seem to be more recent developments as they seem to be affected by yeísmo. If the word was borrowed earlier, it might have been *lyabe or *liyabe.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ya‧be
* IPA: /ˈjabe/ [ˈja.be]

### Noun

yábe (Badlit spelling ᜌᜊᜒ)
* key

#### Derived terms

* yabehanan

#### Related terms

* yabe de tubo
* yabero
# Mê Linh
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 麋 and 冷. Clearly an Old Chinese phonetic transcription of native etymon, the meaning however is now obscure. The toponym itself is said to be traceable all the way back to the mythical Hùng Vương era of the Red River Delta.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [me˧˧ lïŋ˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [mej˧˧ lɨn˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [mej˧˧ lɨn˧˧]

### Proper noun

Mê Linh
* A district of Hanoi, Vietnam.
* (historical) An administrative division under Jiaozhi commendary
# latgalština
## Czech
### Etymology

From latgalský (“Latgalian”) +‎ -ština.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈladɡalʃcɪna]
* Rhymes: -ɪna
* Hyphenation: lad‧gal‧šti‧na

### Noun

latgalština f
* Latgalian (Baltic language)

#### Related terms

* Latgal m
* Latgalka f
* Latgalsko n
* latgalský

#### See also

* lotyština f

### Further reading

* “latgalština”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# opłotek
## Polish
### Etymology

Univerbation of o +‎ płot + -ek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔˈpwɔ.tɛk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔtɛk
* Syllabification: o‧pło‧tek

### Noun

opłotek m inan (related adjective opłotkowy)
* (chiefly in the plural) primitive fencing, usually made of wooden poles or brushwood fixed to wooden stakes
    Hypernyms: ogrodzenie, płotek
* (chiefly in the plural) lane (narrow passageway or road between fences)
    Hypernyms: droga, przejście
* (chiefly in the plural, hunting) fenced area to which predators are lured
* (chiefly in the plural, figurative, literary) hurdles, obstacles
    Synonym: ograniczenie
* (chiefly in the plural, idiomatic) outskirts, periphery
    Synonym: obrzeże

#### Related terms

* opłotny
* opłot
* opłocić pf
* opłotować pf
* opłotowywać impf

### Further reading

* opłotek in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* opłotek in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# oboista
## Italian
### Etymology

From oboe +‎ -ista.

### Noun

oboista m or f by sense (masculine plural oboisti, feminine plural oboiste)
* (music) oboist (oboe player)

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Oboist.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ.bɔˈis.ta/
* Rhymes: -ista
* Syllabification: o‧bo‧is‧ta

### Noun

oboista m pers (female equivalent oboistka)
* oboist (person who plays the oboe)

#### Related terms

* obojowy
* obój

### Further reading

* oboista in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* oboista in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# дзецински
## Pannonian Rusyn
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak detinský. By surface analysis, дзеци (dzeci) +‎ -ски (-ski). Cognates include Czech dětinský, Bulgarian and Macedonian детински (detinski), and Serbo-Croatian детињски / detinjski.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d͡zɛˈt͡sinski]
* Rhymes: -inski
* Hyphenation: дзе‧цин‧ски

### Adjective

дзецински (dzecinski) (not comparable)
* (relational) child, children
* childlike
* infantile, childish

#### Declension

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

#### Related terms

* дзецинство n (dzecinstvo)

### References

* Medʹeši, H., Fejsa, M., Timko-Djitko, O. (2010) “дзецински”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
* Fejsa, M., Šlemender, M., Čelʹovski, S. (2022) “childish”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 53
# składkowość
## Polish
### Etymology

From składkowy +‎ -ość. First attested in 1921.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /skwatˈkɔ.vɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɔvɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: skład‧ko‧wość

### Noun

składkowość f
* (rare) contributiveness, quality of being contributory

#### Related terms

* składalny
* składankowy
* składkowy
* składnicowy
* składniczy
* składnikowy
* składniowy
* składny
* składowiskowy
* składowy
* składzisty
* składkowo
* składnie
* składniowo
* skład
* składacz
* składaczka
* składak
* składalnia
* składalność
* składaniec
* składanina
* składanka
* składarka
* składka
* składnia
* składnica
* składnik
* składniowość
* składność
* składowe
* składowisko
* składownik
* składowość
* składzik
* kładać impf
* kłaść impf
* składać impf
* składkować impf
* składować impf
* skłaść pf

### References

* ↑ Dziennik Poznański : wychodzi codziennie z wyjątkiem poniedziałków i dni poświętnych‎ (in Polish), volume 63, number 63, 1921 April 9, page 2

### Further reading

* “składkowość”, in Słownik gramatyczny języka polskiego [Grammatical Dictionary of Polish], 2022
# joindre
## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Old French joindre, from Latin iungere (“join”), from Proto-Italic *jungō, from Proto-Indo-European *yunégti ~ *yungénti, from the root *yewg-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʒwɛ̃dʁ/
* Audio (Paris):(file)
* Hyphenation: joindre
* Rhymes: -wɛ̃dʁ

### Verb

joindre
* to join
    à pieds joints ― with both feet
    pièce jointe ― email attachment
    joindre l’utile à l’agréable ― to mix business with pleasure
    joindre le geste à la parole ― to match words with actions
    joindre les deux bouts ― to make ends meet
* to join up
* to reach, to contact

#### Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.

#### Derived terms

* adjoindre
* disjoindre
* joignable
* joint
* jointer
* jointure
* rejoindre

#### Descendants

* Haitian Creole: jwenn

### Further reading

* “joindre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Norman
### Etymology

From Old French joindre, from Latin iungō, iungere (“join, yoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *yewg- (“to join, unite”).

### Verb

joindre
* (Jersey) to join

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin iungere (“join”).

### Verb

joindre
* to meet up with; to go and see
* to join; to join onto
** c. 1180,, Chrétien de Troyes, Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la charrette:La ou l’espaule au col se jointAt the point where the shoulder joins onto the neck

#### Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

#### Descendants

* Middle English: joinen
** English: join
* French: joindre
# decretal
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French decretal, from Late Latin dēcrētālis, from Latin decretum.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /dɪˈkɹiːtəɫ/
* Hyphenation: de‧cre‧tal

### Adjective

decretal (comparative more decretal, superlative most decretal)
* Pertaining to a decree.
** Chase v. Turner, 560 So. 2d 1317, 1320 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990):
    [T]his finding, when read in conjunction with the other findings, as well as decretal portions of the final judgment, is more logically interpreted as a reference to the successful operation of the business […]

#### Derived terms

* decretalism
* decretalist
* postdecretal

#### Translations
### Noun

decretal (plural decretals)
* (Roman Catholicism) A papal decree, particularly one derived from an ecclesiastical letter.
** c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 65, lines 130–135:Or els is thys Goddis law, Decrees or decretals, Or holy sinodals, Or els provincyals, Thus within the wals Of holy church to deale […]?
** 1878, "Decretals" in the Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., Vol. VII, p. 22:
    DECRETALS... are the answers sent by the Pope to applications made to him as head of the church, chiefly by bishops, but also by synods, and even private individuals, for guidance in cases involving points of doctrine or discipline... From the 4th century onwards they formed the most prolific source of canon law. Decretals... ought, properly speaking, to be distinguished, on the one hand from constitutions... enacted by the Pope sua sponte without reference to any particular case, and on the other hand from rescripts... which apply only to special circumstances or individuals, and constitute no general precedent. But this nomenclature is not strictly observed.
* (now rare) Any decree or pronounced instruction.
** 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:[…] picturals / Of Magistrates, of courts, of tribunals, / Of commen wealthes, of states, of pollicy, / Of lawes, of iudgements, and of decretals […]

#### Related terms

* decree
* decretory

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* clareted, treacled

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin dēcrētālis.

### Adjective

decretal m or f (masculine and feminine plural decretales)
* decretal

### Further reading

* “decretal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# dłudżi
## Kashubian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dь̀lgъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdwu.d͡ʒi/
* Rhymes: -ud͡ʒi
* Syllabification: dłu‧dżi

### Adjective

dłudżi (comparative dłëgszi, superlative nôdłëgszi, derived adverb długò)
* long

#### Related terms

* długòsc
* długòta

### Further reading

* Stefan Ramułt (1893) “dłe◌́ƺi”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 25
* Jan Trepczyk (1994) “długi”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volume 1, page 111
* Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “długi”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
* “dłudżi”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
# tożsamość
## Polish
### Etymology

From tożsamy +‎ -ość.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɔʂˈsa.mɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -amɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: toż‧sa‧mość

### Noun

tożsamość f
* identity (the sameness some individuals share to make up the same kind or universal)
* (mathematics) equality, identity
    tożsamość trygonometryczna ― trigonometric identity

#### Derived terms

* tożsamościowy

### Further reading

* tożsamość in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* tożsamość in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# heliophilous
## English
### Etymology

From helio- +‎ -philous.

### Adjective

heliophilous (comparative more heliophilous, superlative most heliophilous)
* (botany) That needs, or tolerates, a high level of direct sunlight
    Synonym: heliophilic
    Antonym: sciaphilous

#### Related terms

* heliophile
* heliophilia

#### Translations
### Paronyms

* helophilous