# vaina
## Bilur
### Noun

vaina
* woman

### Further reading

* Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

## Dalmatian
### Etymology

From Latin vēna. Compare Romansch avaina, Italian vena, Romanian vână, French veine.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈβaina/

### Noun

vaina f
* vein

## Latvian
### Alternative forms

* (dialectal forms) vaine, vaiņa

### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wei-, *wai- (with an added suffix -nā-), from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to move, go ahead; to be strong”).
Cognates include Lithuanian vainóti (“to criticize, to scold”) (compare archaic Lithuanian vaina (“error, transgression”)), Old Prussian etwinūt (“to blame”) (maybe a borrowing from Slavic), Russian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian вина́ (viná), Belarusian віна́ (viná, “fault, guilt, transgression”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [vāīna]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

vaina f (4th declension)
* fault, guilt (an offense punishable according to the law; behavior or conduct with bad consequences)
    pierādīta vaina ― proven guilt
    vainas apziņa ― awareness of guilt
    neapzināties savu vainu ― to be unaware of, not acknowledge one's guilt
    atzīt savu vainu ― to plead guilty
    noliegt savu vainu ― to deny one's guilt, to plead not guilty
    vainu mīkstinoši apstākļi ― mitigating circumstances
    vainu pastiprinoši apstākļi ― aggravating circumstances
    būt pie vainas ― to be to blame
* defect, imperfection, flaw, fault
    viņa darbs ir bez vainas ― his work is without flaw
    tā ir maza vaina! ― this is a small flaw!
    šai drānai nav nekādas vainas ― this fabric has no flaw
    kas uzvalkam vaina? ― what is the problem with the suit?
    aparātam ir kāda vaina, ka tas nedarbojas ― the machine has some problem, it doesn't work
* disease, ailment, wound
    viņi visas vainas ārstējot ar zāļu tējām' ― they treat all diseases with herbal teas
    sūdzēties par visādām vainām ― to complain about all kinds of ailments
    izmazgāt vainas ― to wash one's wounds
* cause
    ja viņš nestrādā, tad tā ir tikai slinkuma vaina ― if he doesn't work, it is only because of laziness

#### Derived terms

* vaininieks, vaininiece
* vainīgs, vainīgums, vainība
** nevainīgs, nevainīgums, nevainība
* vainot, vainoties

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “vaina”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin vāgīna (“sheath”). Doublet of vagina.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbaina/ [ˈbai̯.na]
* Rhymes: -aina
* Syllabification: vai‧na

### Noun

vaina f (plural vainas)
* (botany) pod
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 274:La persona que encuentre una vaina de arveja que contenga nueve semillas, debe guardarla, pues es presagio de buena fortuna.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* scabbard, sheath
* case, casing
** 2005, Vsevolod Smirnoff, Recuerdos de una astilla, page 11:Entre los dos yacía en el piso una vaina de cartucho de revólver.On the floor between the two lay a revolver cartridge case.
* (figurative) bubble; an insulating or isolated environment.
* (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, Dominican Republic, Nicaragua, Panama, colloquial) thing, gadget
    Synonyms: chisme, (Mexico) chunche, (Panama, River Plate region) coso
* (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela, colloquial) hickey
* (slang) worthless person
* (Aragon, Asturias, Basque Country, Burgos, La Rioja, Navarre) green bean
    Synonyms: judía verde, poroto verde

#### Derived terms

* vaina de mielina
* vainilla

#### Descendants

* → Tagalog: baina

### Further reading

* “vaina”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10