OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# electoralista
## Spanish
### Adjective

electoralista m or f (masculine and feminine plural electoralistas)
* electioneering
** 2015 September 19, “TV3 compensa a los partidos no soberanistas por la Diada”, in El País‎:Por otra parte, la Junta Electoral Provincial de Barcelona requirió ayer a Mas para que se abstenga de hacer declaraciones con tono electoralista en el ejercicio de su cargo de presidente de la Generalitat.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Related terms

* electoralismo

### Further reading

* “electoralista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# pilla pilla
## Spanish
### Noun

pilla pilla m (uncountable)
* tag, it (children's chasing game)

#### Related terms

* pillar
# tomaat
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from English tomato, subsequently influenced by French tomate, both from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl (“tomatillo”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /toːˈmaːt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: to‧maat
* Rhymes: -aːt

### Noun

tomaat f (plural tomaten, diminutive tomaatje n)
* tomato, fruit of Solanum lycopersicum
* tomato plant, Solanum lycopersicum
    Synonym: tomatenplant
    Hypernym: nachtschade
    Hyponyms: cherrytomaat, kerstomaat, vleestomaat, waterbom

#### Derived terms

* cherrytomaat
* kerstomaat
* tomatenplant
* tomatenpuree
* tomatensap
* tomatensaus
* tomatensoep
* vleestomaat

#### Descendants

* Afrikaans: tamatie
** → Sotho: tamati
** → Zulu: utamatisi
* → Caribbean Hindustani: tamáti
* → Caribbean Javanese: tomatis, tomat
* → Indonesian: tomat
* → Sranan Tongo: tomati
** → Aukan: tomati
** → Kari'na: tomati
* → West Frisian: tomaat

### Further reading

* tomaat on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{nl}$

## West Frisian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch tomaat, from English tomato, though the Dutch was subsequently influenced by French tomate, both from Spanish tomate, from Classical Nahuatl tomatl (“tomatillo”).

### Noun

tomaat c (plural tomaten, diminutive tomaatsje)
* tomato

#### Further reading

* “tomaat”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
# balczica
## Slovincian
### Etymology

From balka +‎ -ica.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbal.t͡ʃi.t͡sa/
* Rhymes: -alt͡ʃit͡sa
* Syllabification: bal‧czi‧ca

### Noun

balczica f (diminutive bacziczka)
* diminutive of balka

#### Related terms

* balkôwy
* balcziszczô
* balka

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “bãlčică”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 14
# krzemowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From krzem +‎ -owy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʂɛˈmɔ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: krze‧mo‧wy

### Adjective

krzemowy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) silicon

#### Related terms

* krzem

### Further reading

* krzemowy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* krzemowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# နောင်
## Burmese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nàʊɴ/
* Romanization: MLCTS: naung • ALA-LC: noṅʻ • BGN/PCGN: naung • Okell: nauñ

### Etymology 1

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Not given etymology by STEDT (hnôŋ "after, later"), and Luce adduces no cognates.”

#### Adjective

နောင် • (naung)
* (literary) next (day, year, etc.)

##### Usage notes

Burmese is a diglossic language. This construct is used exclusively in the formal, literary (written) register. See synonyms for the informal, colloquial (spoken) equivalent form(s).

##### Synonyms

* နောက် (nauk) (informal, colloquial)

#### Noun

နောင် • (naung)
* a word indicating the future: in the future, later, afterwards

##### Derived terms

* နောက်နောင် (nauknaung)
* နောင်ကြဉ် (naungkrany)
* နောင်ကြဉ်အောင်လုပ် (naungkrany-aunglup)
* နောင်ခါလာနောင်ခါဈေး (naunghkalanaunghkajhe:)
* နောင်တ (naungta.)
* နောင်ဘဝ (naungbha.wa.)
* နောင်ရေး (naung-re:)
* နောင်လာနောက်သား (naunglanauksa:)

### Etymology 2

* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Not given etymology by STEDT (hnôŋ "after, later"), and Luce adduces no cognates.”

#### Noun

နောင် • (naung)
* (dated, regional, poetic) elder brother of a male (primarily used in compound words)

##### Usage notes

The term has largely been displaced by အစ်ကို (ackui), which in pre-colonial times referenced the elder brother of a female.

##### Derived terms

* ကြေးနောင် (kre:naung)
* ညီနောင် (nyinaung)
* တူသားနောင်မယ် (tusa:naungmai)
* နောင်ကြီး (naungkri:)
* နောင်တော် (naungtau)

### References

* ↑ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-OṄ Finals (46. Future; Later, hereafter; Last)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 86
* ↑ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-OṄ Finals (45. Brother)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 86

### Further reading

* “နောင်” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.

## Tavoyan
### Noun

နောင် (transliteration needed)
* (honorific) Form of address for younger men
# came down to earth
## English
### Verb

came down to earth
* simple past of come down to earth
# rozdzielny
## Polish
### Etymology

From rozdzielić +‎ -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɔzˈd͡ʑɛl.nɘ/
* Rhymes: -ɛlnɘ
* Syllabification: roz‧dziel‧ny

### Adjective

rozdzielny (not comparable, derived adverb rozdzielnie)
* separate, unconnected
    Synonyms: oddzielny, rozłączny, odrębny

#### Derived terms

* rozdzielność

#### Related terms

* rozdzielczy
* rozdzielczo
* rozdzielacz
* rozdzielczość
* rozdzielnia
* rozdzielnica
* rozdzielnik
* rozdzielać
* rozdzielić

### Further reading

* rozdzielny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# aún
## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin adhūc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈun/ [aˈũn]
* Audio (Latin America):(file)
* Rhymes: -un
* Syllabification: a‧ún

### Adverb

aún
* still, yet
    Synonym: todavía
    Aún no ha llegado.He has not arrived yet.
** 1917, Rubén Darío, “A Roosevelt”, in Cantos de vida y esperanza:Eres los Estados Unidos, eres el futuro invasor de la América ingenua que tiene sangre indígena, que aún reza a Jesucristo y aún habla en español.You are the United States you are the future invader of the naive America that has indigenous blood that still prays to Jesus Christ and that still speaks Spanish

#### Derived terms

* aún así

#### See also

* aun
# ograniczony
## Polish
### Etymology

From ograniczyć +‎ -ony.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ.ɡra.ɲiˈt͡ʂɔ.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔnɘ
* Syllabification: o‧gra‧ni‧czo‧ny

### Adjective

ograniczony (comparative bardziej ograniczony, superlative najbardziej ograniczony, no derived adverb)
* limited
* finite
* (derogatory) retarded

#### Derived terms

* ograniczona odpowiedzialność

### Participle

ograniczony (passive adjectival)
* masculine singular passive adjectival participle of ograniczyć

### Further reading

* ograniczony in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ograniczony in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# dormition
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French dormition, from Latin dormītiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)
* (UK) IPA: /dɔːˈmɪʃ(ə)n/

### Noun

dormition (countable and uncountable, plural dormitions)
* The process of falling asleep.
* (euphemistic) The process of death or the actual death itself.
* (Eastern Orthodoxy, often capitalized) The death and assumption into heaven of the Virgin Mary.
** 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 507:The Virgin had allegedly given away her robe just before her death – what is in Eastern tradition called her Dormition, or falling asleep.

#### Synonyms

* sleep

#### Derived terms

* obdormition

#### Related terms

* dorm
* dormant
* dormitive
* dormitory

#### Translations
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɔʁ.mi.sjɔ̃/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

dormition f (plural dormitions)
* dormition

### Further reading

* “dormition”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# nôrodowòsc
## Kashubian

* A user has added this entry to requests for verification
* If it cannot be verified that this term meets our attestation criteria, it will be deleted. Feel free to edit this entry as normal, but do not remove {{rfv}} until the request has been resolved.

### Etymology

From nôrodowi +‎ -osc. Compare Polish narodowość.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nɞ.rɔˈdɔ.wɛst͡s/
* Rhymes: -ɔwɛst͡s
* Syllabification: nô‧ro‧do‧wòsc

### Noun

nôrodowòsc f
* nationality

#### Related terms

* nôrodny
* nôrodowi
* nôrodowò
* nôród
* rodzëc impf
# limpieza de sangre
## Spanish
### Etymology

Literally, “cleanliness of the blood”.

### Noun

limpieza de sangre f (uncountable)
* pure (usually Iberian) Christian ancestry, absent Muslim or Jewish blood

#### Related terms

* limpeza de sangue

### Further reading

* “limpieza de sangre”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# likes the sound of one's own voice
## English
### Verb

likes the sound of one's own voice
* third-person singular simple present indicative of like the sound of one's own voice
# nadkładać
## Polish
### Etymology

From nad- +‎ kładać. First attested in 1588.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /natˈkwa.dat͡ɕ/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /natˈkɫa.dat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -adat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: nad‧kła‧dać

### Verb

nadkładać impf (perfective nadłożyć)
* (transitive) to cross more distance than what is needed [with genitive]
    nadkładać drogi ― to go out of one's way/to take long detours/to take a roundabout way
* (transitive, Middle Polish) to add
    Synonyms: dodawać, dokładać

#### Derived terms

* nadkład
* nadkładka

#### Related terms

* nadkładowy
* kłaść impf

### References

* ↑ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “nadkładać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

### Further reading

* nadkładać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* nadkładać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* “NADKŁADAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2022 September 12
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “nadkładać”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “nadkładać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “nadkładać”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 39
# rynniä
## Finnish
### Etymology

rynnätä +‎ -iä

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrynːiæˣ/, [ˈrynːiæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ynːiæ
* Hyphenation: ryn‧niä

### Verb

rynniä
* (intransitive) to barge (to intrude or break through in an unwelcome manner)

#### Derived terms

* rynniminen

#### Related terms

* rynnäs, ryntäät
* rynnätä

### Further reading

* “rynniä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# lujentaa
## Finnish
### Etymology 1

luja (“strong, solid, tough”) +‎ -ntaa (factitive aspect)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlujentɑːˣ/, [ˈluje̞n̪t̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ujentɑː
* Hyphenation: lu‧jen‧taa

#### Verb

lujentaa (rare)
* (transitive) to strengthen

##### Synonyms

* lujittaa

##### Derived terms

* lujennus
* lujentua

#### Further reading

* “lujentaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlujentɑː/, [ˈluje̞n̪t̪ɑ̝ː]
* Rhymes: -ujentɑː
* Hyphenation: lu‧jen‧taa

#### Verb

lujentaa
* third-person singular present indicative of lujentaa

### Anagrams

* ajelutan
# nízký
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech nízký, from Proto-Slavic *nizъkъ, from Proto-Indo-European *ni-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɲiːskiː]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: níz‧ký

### Adjective

nízký (comparative nižší, superlative nejnižší, adverb nízce or nízko)
* low
    Antonym: vysoký
* reduced, decreased
    Všechny tyhle produkty mají nízkou cenu. ― All of these products have a reduced price.

#### Derived terms

* nizoučký
* nízkost
* níže
* nížina f
* nížinný
* ponížit
* snížit

#### Related terms

* podnikat
* pronikat
* unikat
* vnikat
* vynikat
* vznikat
* zanikat

### Further reading

* “nízký”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “nízký”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “nízký”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Old Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nizъkъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈɲiːzkɨː/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈɲiːskiː/, /ˈɲiːskɛj/

### Adjective

nízký (comparative nižší, superlative najnižší, short comparative niží)
* low

#### Descendants

* Czech: nízký

### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “nízký”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# bacziczka
## Slovincian
### Etymology

From balczica +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.t͡ʃit͡ʃ.ka/
* Rhymes: -at͡ʃit͡ʃka
* Syllabification: ba‧czicz‧ka

### Noun

bacziczka f
* diminutive of balczica

#### Related terms

* balkôwy
* balcziszczô
* balka

### Further reading

* Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “bãlčĭčkă”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 14
# estructuralista
## Catalan
### Etymology

From estructural +‎ -ista.

### Adjective

estructuralista m or f (masculine and feminine plural estructuralistes)
* structuralist

### Noun

estructuralista m or f by sense (plural estructuralistes)
* structuralist

#### Related terms

* estructuralisme

### Further reading

* “estructuralista” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “estructuralista”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “estructuralista” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

## Spanish
### Etymology

From estructural +‎ -ista.

### Adjective

estructuralista m or f (masculine and feminine plural estructuralistas)
* structuralist
** 2015 October 25, “Opinión”, in El País‎:Pienso que se debe al predominio en la UE de una mentalidad estructuralista que bebe de dos fuentes.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Noun

estructuralista m or f by sense (plural estructuralistas)
* structuralist

#### Related terms

* estructuralismo

### Further reading

* “estructuralista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# liked the sound of one's own voice
## English
### Verb

liked the sound of one's own voice
* simple past and past participle of like the sound of one's own voice
# acker
## English
### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈa.kə/
* Rhymes: -ækə(ɹ)

### Etymology 1

Unknown; perhaps a variant of eagre.

#### Noun

acker (plural ackers)
* (dialectal, now rare) A visible current in a lake or river; a ripple on the surface of water.
** 1969, Vladimir Nabokov, Ada or Ardor, Penguin, published 2011, page 436:The wide lovely lake lay in dreamy serenity, fretted with green undulations, ruffed with blue, patched with glades of lucid smoothness between the ackers [...].

### Etymology 2

Variant forms.

#### Noun

acker (plural ackers)
* Obsolete form of acre.

### References

* G. A. Cooke, The County of Devon

### See also

* ackers (“money”)

### Anagrams

* Crake, Kacer, crake, creak

## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

acker
* inflection of ackern:
** first-person singular present
** singular imperative

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch akker, from Proto-Germanic *akraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵros.

### Noun

acker m
* field (for agriculture)
* acre

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Descendants

* Dutch: akker
* Limburgish: akker

### Further reading

* “acker”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “acker”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Middle High German
### Etymology

From Old High German ackar, from Proto-West Germanic *akr, from Proto-Germanic *akraz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵros, possibly from *h₂eǵ-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (before 13th CE) /ˈakkər/

### Noun

acker m
* field; farmland
* acre (unit of surface area)

#### Related terms

* ackerknëht
* ackerliute
* ackerman
* zacker
* zackere

#### Descendants

* Cimbrian: akhar
* German: Acker
* Central Franconian:
** Hunsrik: Acker
** Luxembourgish: Aker
* Yiddish: אַקער (aker)

### References

* Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “acker”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
* "acker" in Köbler, Gerhard, Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch (3rd edition 2014)

## Scots
### Etymology 1

From Middle English actour, from Latin āctōr; equivalent to ack +‎ -er.

#### Noun

acker (plural ackers)
* actor

#### References

* “acker, n.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

acker (plural ackers)
* Alternative form of acre

##### References

* “acker, n.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

acker (plural ackers)
* Shetland form of awkir (“stalk”)

#### References

* “acker, n.$^2$”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.
# muutella
## Finnish
### Etymology

muuttaa +‎ -ella (frequentative aspect)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmuːtelːɑˣ/, [ˈmuːt̪e̞lːɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -uːtelːɑ
* Hyphenation: muu‧tel‧la

### Verb

muutella
* (transitive, usually atelic) to modify, make (partial) changes to

#### Derived terms

* muuttelu

### Further reading

* “muutella”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# mozaika
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmozaɪka]

### Noun

mozaika f
* mosaic

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “mozaika”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “mozaika”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “mozaika”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian mosaico, from Latin musaicum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɔˈzaj.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ajka
* Syllabification: mo‧zai‧ka

### Noun

mozaika f
* (art) mosaic

#### Derived terms

* mozaikowy

#### Related terms

* mozaikowo
* mozaikowość

### Further reading

* mozaika in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* mozaika in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmɔzaika]

### Noun

mozaika f (relational adjective mozaikový)
* (art) mosaic

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “mozaika”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# beztlenowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From bez- +‎ tlenowy. First attested in 1859.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɛs.tlɛˈnɔ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: bez‧tle‧no‧wy

### Adjective

beztlenowy (not comparable, derived adverb beztlenowo)
* (biology) anaerobic, anaerobiotic, oxygenless (that which lives without oxygen)
    bakterie beztlenowe ― anaerobic bacteria
    organizmy beztlenowe ― anaerobic organisms
* anaerobic, oxygenless, oxygen-free (of smoething taking place without oxygen)
    beztlenowy rozkład ― anaerobic decay
    beztlenowa fermentacja ― anaerobic fermentation
    procesy beztlenowe ― anaerobic processes
    przemiany beztlenowe ― anaerobic transformations
    oczyszczanie beztlenowe ― anaerobic refinement
    oddychanie beztlenowe ― anaerobic breathing
* oxygenless, oxygen-free (lacking oxygen)
    atmosfera beztlenowa ― an oxygenless atmosphere
    strefa beztlenowa ― an anaerobic zone
    beztlenowa komora ― an oxygenless chamber
    środowisko beztlenowe ― an oxygenless environment
    warunki beztlenowe ― oxygenless conditions

#### Related terms

* beztlenowiec
* tlen

### References

* ↑ Encyklopedia powszechna‎ (in Polish), 1859, page 363
* ↑ beztlenowy in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* beztlenowy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* beztlenowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# гуноҳкор
## Tajik
### Etymology

Inherited from Classical Persian گُنَاه‌کَار (gunāh-kār). By surface analysis, гуноҳ (gunoh) +‎ кор (kor).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡunohˈkor/, [ɡu.nɔɦ.kʰɔ́ɾ]

### Noun

гуноҳкор • (gunohkor) (Persian spelling گناه‌کار)
* sinner

#### Related terms

* бегуноҳ (begunoh)
* гуноҳ (gunoh)
# Tifernus
## Latin
### Etymology

Borrowed through Oscan from Proto-Italic *tiβes-no- (“marsh, river”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *teh₂- (“to flow, to melt”). However, compare Oscan 𐌕𐌉𐌚𐌀 (tifa, “hill”), related to Latin teba (“hill”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /tiːˈfer.nus/, [t̪iːˈfɛrnʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /tiˈfer.nus/, [t̪iˈfɛrnus]

### Proper noun

Tīfernus m sg (genitive Tīfernī); second declension
* A mountain in Samnium, upon which was the town of Tifernum, now Monte Matese
* One of the most considerable rivers of Samnium, now called Biferno

#### Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.

### References

* “Tifernus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “Tifernus”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
* Tifernus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* DNGI: Dizionario dei nomi geografici italiani, TEA, Torino 1992, p. 52
* TI: Pellegrini, G.B., Toponomastica italiana, Milano, Hoepli, 1990, p. 55 & 61
# mendacidad
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Late Latin mendācitātem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /mendaθiˈdad/ [mẽn̪.d̪a.θiˈð̞að̞]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /mendasiˈdad/ [mẽn̪.d̪a.siˈð̞að̞]
* Rhymes: -ad
* Syllabification: men‧da‧ci‧dad

### Noun

mendacidad f (plural mendacidades)
* mendacity, untruthfulness
** 2015 September 19, “Fantasías y ficciones en el debate republicano”, in El País‎:La mendacidad de Christie, no obstante, palidece en comparación con la de Carly Fiorina, aclamada por todos como “ganadora” del debate.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Related terms

* mendaz

### Further reading

* “mendacidad”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10