# crith
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κριθή (krithḗ, “barley corn, a small weight”).

### Pronunciation

* enPR: krĭth, IPA: /kɹɪθ/
* Rhymes: -ɪθ

### Noun

crith (plural criths)
* (physics) the weight of 1 litre of hydrogen at standard temperature and pressure. Equal to approximately 0.09 grams.

#### Derived terms

* microcrith

### Anagrams

* Ritch, trich

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* crioth

### Etymology

From Old Irish crith, from Proto-Celtic *kritos (“trembling, fever”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /cɾʲi(h)/, /cɾʲiç/
* (Kerry) IPA: /cɾʲɨh/

### Noun

crith m (genitive singular creatha, nominative plural creathanna)
* a shake, quiver, tremble
* verbal noun of crith

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
crith
creathanna
vocative
a chrith
a chreathanna
genitive
creatha
creathanna
dative
crith
creathanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an crith
na creathanna
genitive
an chreatha
na gcreathanna
dative
leis an gcrith don chrith
leis na creathanna :

### Verb

crith (present analytic critheann, future analytic crithfidh, verbal noun crith, past participle crite)
* to shake, quiver, tremble

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | crithim | critheann tú; crithir$^†$ | critheann sé, sí | crithimid | critheann sibh | critheann siad; crithid$^†$ | a chritheann; a chritheas / a gcritheann* | critear |
| indicative | past | chrith mé; chritheas | chrith tú; chrithis | chrith sé, sí | chritheamar; chrith muid | chrith sibh; chritheabhair | chrith siad; chritheadar | a chrith / ar chrith* | critheadh |
| indicative | past habitual | chrithinn / gcrithinn‡‡ | chriteá / gcriteá‡‡ | chritheadh sé, sí / gcritheadh sé, sí‡‡ | chrithimis; chritheadh muid / gcrithimis‡‡; gcritheadh muid‡‡ | chritheadh sibh / gcritheadh sibh‡‡ | chrithidís; chritheadh siad / gcrithidís‡‡; gcritheadh siad‡‡ | a chritheadh / a gcritheadh* | chrití / gcrití‡‡ |
| future | future | crithfidh mé; crithfead | crithfidh tú; crithfir$^†$ | crithfidh sé, sí | crithfimid; crithfidh muid | crithfidh sibh | crithfidh siad; crithfid$^†$ | a chrithfidh; a chrithfeas / a gcrithfidh* | crithfear |
| conditional | conditional | chrithfinn / gcrithfinn‡‡ | chrithfeá / gcrithfeá‡‡ | chrithfeadh sé, sí / gcrithfeadh sé, sí‡‡ | chrithfimis; chrithfeadh muid / gcrithfimis‡‡; gcrithfeadh muid‡‡ | chrithfeadh sibh / gcrithfeadh sibh‡‡ | chrithfidís; chrithfeadh siad / gcrithfidís‡‡; gcrithfeadh siad‡‡ | a chrithfeadh / a gcrithfeadh* | chrithfí / gcrithfí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go gcrithe mé; go gcrithead$^†$ | go gcrithe tú; go gcrithir$^†$ | go gcrithe sé, sí | go gcrithimid; go gcrithe muid | go gcrithe sibh | go gcrithe siad; go gcrithid$^†$ | — | go gcritear |
| subjunctive | past | dá gcrithinn | dá gcriteá | dá gcritheadh sé, sí | dá gcrithimis; dá gcritheadh muid | dá gcritheadh sibh | dá gcrithidís; dá gcritheadh siad | — | dá gcrití |
| imperative | imperative | crithim | crith | critheadh sé, sí | crithimis | crithigí; crithidh$^†$ | crithidís | — | critear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | crith | crith | crith | crith | crith | crith | crith | crith |
| past participle | past participle | crite | crite | crite | crite | crite | crite | crite | crite |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ “crith”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 176
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 345, page 118
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 90, page 50

### Further reading

* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “criṫ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 196

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *kritos (“trembling, fever”). Cognate to Welsh cryd (“fever”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkʲrʲiθ]

### Noun

crith m (genitive unattested)
* shaking, trembling

#### Inflection

Unknown, but Matasović tentatively classifies this as an o-stem. A u-stem declension with genitive cretha can be found in Middle Irish.

#### Derived terms

* crethaid
** Irish: creath
** Manx: crie
* crithnaigid
** Irish: creathnaigh
** Scottish Gaelic: criothnaich, crithnich
** ⇒ Middle Irish: crithnaigthech
*** Irish: creathnach

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: crith
** Irish: crith
** Manx: crie
** Scottish Gaelic: crith

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* 1 2 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*krito-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 225

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Middle Irish crith, from Old Irish crith, from Proto-Celtic *kritos.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰɾʲih/

### Verb

crith (past chrith, future crithidh, verbal noun crith, past participle crithte)
* shake, shiver, tremble, quaver

### Noun

crith f (genitive singular crithe, plural crithean)
* verbal noun of crith
* shiver, tremble, shudder, tremor

#### Derived terms

* Crith-chreidmheach (“Quaker”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.