OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# آغوش
## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾkwš /⁠āgōš⁠/, “embrace”) or Middle Persian 𐫀𐫀𐫇𐫢 (ʾʾwš, “armful”), which go back to different Old Iranian forms, the former with */k/ and the latter with */g/; the two may have merged in New Persian. Compare Mazanderani کشه (kaše), Sogdian [script needed] (qwš(y) /⁠kōš, kuši, kuše⁠/), Sarikoli maɣɛwl (“in an embrace”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔɑː.ɣoːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑː.ɣoːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɑː.ɣoːʃ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɑː.ɣoːʃ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔɔː.ɣʊːʃ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔɒː.ɢuːʃ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔɔ.ʁɵʃ]

### Noun

| Dari | آغوش |
| Iranian Persian | آغوش |
| Tajik | оғӯш |
آغوش • (âğuš)
* embrace; arms
** c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 15”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎:خوابم بشد از دیده در این فکر جگرسوز کآغوش که شد منزل آسایش و خوابت؟xwāb-am bišud az dīda dar īn fikr-i jigarsōz k-āğōš-i ki šud manzil-i āsāyiš u xwāb-atSleep left my eyes because of this heart-burning thought— Whose embrace will be the place for your rest and sleep?(Classical Persian transliteration)
* armful

#### Derived terms

* دَر آغوش گِرِفتَن (dar âğuš gereftan, “to embrace”)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: ağuş
* → Gujarati: આગોશ (āgoś)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: आग़ोश (āġoś)
    Urdu: آغوش (āġoś)
* → Turkish: aguş

### References

* ↑ Sims-Williams, Nicholas (1979) “A Pakthian sound-change”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, volume 42, number 1

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “آغوش”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “آغوش”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آغوش (āğōš), from Middle Persian [script needed] (ʾkwš /⁠āgōš⁠/, “embrace”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɑː.ɣoːʃ/
* Rhymes: -oːʃ

### Noun

آغوش • (āġoś) f (Hindi spelling आग़ोश)
* embrace
    Synonym: (rare) آلِنگَن (āliṅgan)

### Further reading

* “آغوش”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “آغُوش”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “آغوش”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “آغوش”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
# branchless
## English
### Etymology

From branch +‎ -less.

### Adjective

branchless (not comparable)
* Without branches; continuing in a single path or piece; without divergence.
** c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:Gentle Octavia, Let your best love draw to that point, which seeks Best to preserve it: if I lose mine honour, I lose myself: better I were not yours Than yours so branchless.
** 1866, Mark Twain, “Equestrian Excursion,” March, 1886, in Letters from the Sandwich Islands Written for the Sacramento Union by Mark Twain,, Stanford University Press, 1938, p. 40,
    A mile and a half from town, I came to a grove of tall cocoa-nut trees, with clean, branchless stems reaching straight up sixty or seventy feet and topped with a spray of green foliage sheltering clusters of cocoa-nuts—not more picturesque than a forest of colossal ragged parasols, with bunches of magnified grapes under them, would be.
** 1886, [Henry H. Sweet], Palmistry; or, the Science of Reading the Past, Present and Future, in the Language of the Hands, New York: The Serial Leaflet Publishing Co., p. 21,
    One long, clear, branchless line indicates great distinction in some one thing; but if dividing into branches, or accompanied by parallel lines of strength equal to its own, there is danger that multiplicity of aims will strangle success.
** 1913 December – 1914 March, Edgar Rice Burroughs, chapter 15, in The Warlord of Mars, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., published September 1919, →OCLC:“ […] At the end of this corridor I shall come to a spiral runway which I must follow down instead of up; after that the way is along but a single branchless corridor.”
** 1994 November 9, Thomas McCarroll, “No Checks. No Cash. No Fuss?”, in Time:These days it looks as though more Americans than ever are willing to let go. They are traveling through coinless tollbooths, banking at branchless banks, riding in tokenless subways and paying for everything from taxi rides to mortgages with the swipe of a card or the blip of an electronic transfer.

#### Derived terms

* branchlessness
# optyka
## Polish
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: (prescriptive) /ˈɔp.tɘ.ka/, (colloquial) /ɔpˈtɘ.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔptɘka, -ɘka
* Syllabification: op‧ty‧ka

#### Noun

optyka f
* optics

##### Derived terms

* akustooptyczny
* akustooptyka
* optyczny
* optyk

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔpˈtɘ.ka/
* Rhymes: -ɘka
* Syllabification: op‧ty‧ka

#### Noun

optyka
* genitive/accusative singular of optyk

### Further reading

* optyka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* optyka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# výreček
## Czech
### Etymology

From výr +‎ -ek +‎ -ek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈviːrɛt͡ʃɛk]

### Noun

výreček m anim
* screech owl
* scops owl

#### Derived terms

* výreček malý

#### Related terms

* výr

### Further reading

* “výreček”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “výreček”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# apeninský
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈapɛnɪnskiː]
* Rhymes: -ɪnskiː

### Adjective

apeninský
* Apennine

#### Derived terms

* Apeninský poloostrov

### Further reading

* “apeninský”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “apeninský”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# juhlat
## Finnish
### Noun

juhlat
* nominative plural of juhla

#### Derived terms

* linnanjuhlat

### Anagrams

* haljut
# staféta
## Hungarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian staffetta (“courier; relay race; relay team”), also via German Stafette (“courier; relay race”). Chiefly introduced via military jargon. First attested in 1697.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃtɒfeːtɒ]
* Hyphenation: sta‧fé‧ta
* Rhymes: -tɒ

### Noun

staféta (plural staféták)
* (archaic, historical) an express messenger, especially one using relay horses
    Synonym: gyorsfutár
* (sports, dated) relay, relay race (competition between teams where members of a team take turns completing parts of a course or performing a certain action)
    Synonyms: váltó, váltóverseny
** (sports, dated) relay team
    Synonyms: váltó, váltócsapat
** (sports) baton (object transferred between members of a team in a relay race)
    Synonyms: stafétabot, váltóbot

#### Derived terms

* stafétás
* stafétabot
* átadja a stafétát

### References

* ↑ staféta in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

### Further reading

* staféta in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# entitative
## English
### Etymology

From entity +‎ -ative.

### Pronunciation

* (US) IPA: /ˈen.tɪ.teɪ.tɪv/
* (UK) IPA: /ˈen.tɪ.tə.tɪv/

### Adjective

entitative (comparative more entitative, superlative most entitative)
* Considered as pure entity, abstracted from all attendant circumstances.

#### Derived terms

* entitatively
* nonentitative

#### Related terms

* entitativity

#### References

* “entitative”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# gobelin
## Dutch
### Etymology

From the name of Parisian manufacturer Jean Gobelin.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: go‧be‧lin

### Noun

gobelin m or n (plural gobelins, diminutive gobelintje n)
* Gobelin, a rich, textured type of hand-stitched tapestry, fit to decorate a wall
* a similar industrial fabric, used to cover furniture etc.

### References

* M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]
* Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, G.&C. Merriam Co., 1967

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Old Northern French gobelin (compare Norman goubelin, Walloon gobelin), possibly a blend of Old Dutch *kobeholdo (“goblin”) (compare Dutch kabouter, German Kobold) and Late Latin cobalus (“mountain sprite”), from Ancient Greek κόβαλος (kóbalos, “rogue, knave; goblin”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɔ.blɛ̃/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio (Switzerland):(file)

### Noun

gobelin m (plural gobelins, feminine gobeline)
* a gnome, such as the evil goblin
    Synonyms: farfadet m, lutin m

### References

* Nouveau Petit Larousse illustré. Dictionnaire encyclopédique. Paris, Librairie Larousse, 1952, 146th edition
* Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, G.&C. Merriam Co., 1967

### Further reading

* “gobelin”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

### Anagrams

* ignoble

## Polish
### Etymology

Named after French Parisian manufacturing company founder Jean Gobelin, whose French name derives from German Kobold.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡɔˈbɛ.lin/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛlin
* Syllabification: go‧be‧lin

### Noun

gobelin m inan (diminutive gobelinek)
* Gobelin (rich, textured type of hand-stitched tapestry, fit to decorate a wall)
    Synonyms: arras, tapiseria

#### Derived terms

* gobeliniarski
* gobelinowy
* gobeliniarka
* gobeliniarstwo
* gobeliniarz

### Further reading

* gobelin in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* gobelin in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# espasmo
## Catalan
### Verb

espasmo
* first-person singular present indicative of espasmar

## Galician
### Etymology

From Latin spasmus, from Ancient Greek σπασμός (spasmós).

### Noun

espasmo m (plural espasmos)
* spasm

### Further reading

* “espasmo”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /isˈpaz.mu/, /esˈpaz.mu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /isˈpaz.mu/, /esˈpaz.mu/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃˈpaʒ.mu/, /eʃˈpaʒ.mu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /esˈpaz.mo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃˈpaʒ.mu/
* Hyphenation: es‧pas‧mo

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin spasmus, from Ancient Greek σπασμός (spasmós).

#### Noun

espasmo m (plural espasmos)
* spasm

#### Further reading

* “espasmo”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

espasmo
* first-person singular present indicative of espasmar

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin spasmus, from Ancient Greek σπασμός (spasmós).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /esˈpasmo/ [esˈpaz.mo]
* Rhymes: -asmo
* Syllabification: es‧pas‧mo

### Noun

espasmo m (plural espasmos)
* spasm, jerk, twitch
    Synonyms: convulsión, tic

#### Related terms

* espasmódico
* espástico

### Further reading

* “espasmo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# kapelusznik
## Polish
### Etymology

From kapelusz +‎ -nik.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.pɛˈluʂ.ɲik/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uʂɲik
* Syllabification: ka‧pe‧lusz‧nik

### Noun

kapelusznik m pers (female equivalent kapeluszniczka)
* hatmaker, hatter
    Szalony Kapelusznik ― Mad Hatter

#### Derived terms

* kapelusznicki
* kapeluszniczy
* kapelusznictwo

#### Related terms

* kapeluszowy
* kapeluszarka
* kapeluszyk

### Further reading

* kapelusznik in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kapelusznik in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# zdrowieć
## Polish
### Etymology

From zdrowy +‎ -eć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzdrɔ.vjɛt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvjɛt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: zdro‧wieć

### Verb

zdrowieć impf (perfective wyzdrowieć)
* (intransitive) to recover, recuperate, get better
    Synonyms: dobrzeć, stawać na nogi

#### Related terms

* zdrowotny
* zdrowy
* zdrowo
* zdrowie
* uzdrawiać
* uzdrowić

### Further reading

* zdrowieć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* zdrowieć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# 大吉利事
## Chinese

| | | very auspicious; extremely lucky | lucky |
| simp. and trad. (大吉利事) | simp. and trad. (大吉利事) | 大吉 | 利事 |

### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): daai$^6$ gat$^1$ lai$^6$ si$^6$ / daai$^6$ gat$^1$ lei$^6$ si$^6$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daai$^6$ gat$^1$ lai$^6$ si$^6$ / daai$^6$ gat$^1$ lei$^6$ si$^6$
*** Yale: daaih gāt laih sih / daaih gāt leih sih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daai$^6$ gat$^7$ lai$^6$ si$^6$ / daai$^6$ gat$^7$ lei$^6$ si$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dai$^6$ ged$^1$ lei$^6$ xi$^6$ / dai$^6$ ged$^1$ léi$^6$ xi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːi̯²² kɐt̚⁵ lɐi̯²² siː²²/, /taːi̯²² kɐt̚⁵ lei̯²² siː²²/

### Phrase

大吉利事
* (Cantonese) Alternative form of 大吉利市 (“touch wood”)
# desobedecer
## Galician
### Etymology

From des- +‎ obedecer.

### Verb

desobedecer (first-person singular present desobedezo, first-person singular preterite desobedecín, past participle desobedecido)
* to disobey
    Antonym: obedecer

#### Related terms

* desobediencia
* desobediente

### Further reading

* “desobedecer”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From des- +‎ obedecer.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /de.zo.be.deˈse(ʁ)/ [de.zo.be.deˈse(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /de.zo.be.deˈse(ʁ)/ [de.zo.be.deˈse(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /de.zo.be.deˈse(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /de.zo.be.deˈse(ʁ)/ [de.zo.be.deˈse(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /de.zo.be.deˈse(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /dɨ.zu.bɨ.dɨˈseɾ/ [dɨ.zu.βɨ.ðɨˈseɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /dɨ.zu.bɨ.dɨˈseɾ/ [dɨ.zu.βɨ.ðɨˈseɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /dɨ.zu.bɨ.dɨˈse.ɾi/ [dɨ.zu.βɨ.ðɨˈse.ɾi]

### Verb

desobedecer (first-person singular present desobedeço, first-person singular preterite desobedeci, past participle desobedecido)
* (transitive) to disobey
    Antonym: obedecer

#### Related terms

* desobediência
* desobediente

## Spanish
### Etymology

From des- +‎ obedecer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /desobedeˈθeɾ/ [d̪e.so.β̞e.ð̞eˈθeɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /desobedeˈseɾ/ [d̪e.so.β̞e.ð̞eˈseɾ]
* Rhymes: -eɾ
* Syllabification: de‧so‧be‧de‧cer

### Verb

desobedecer (first-person singular present desobedezco, first-person singular preterite desobedecí, past participle desobedecido)
* (transitive) to disobey
    Antonym: obedecer

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* desobediencia
* desobediente

### Further reading

* “desobedecer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# anakroniko
## Basque
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish anacrónico.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /anakroniko/ [a.na.kro.ni.ko]
* Rhymes: -iko
* Hyphenation: a‧na‧kro‧ni‧ko

### Adjective

anakroniko (comparative anakronikoago, superlative anakronikoen, excessive anakronikoegi)
* anachronistic

#### Related terms

* anakronismo (“anachronism”)

### Further reading

* “anakroniko”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
* “anakroniko” in Labayru Hiztegia

## Tagalog
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish anacrónico.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔanaˈkɾoniko/ [ʔɐ.n̪ɐˌkɾoː.n̪ɪˈxo]
* Rhymes: -oniko
* Syllabification: a‧na‧kro‧ni‧ko

### Adjective

anakrónikó (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜈᜃ᜔ᜇᜓᜈᜒᜃᜓ)
* anachronistic
    Synonym: di-kapanahon

#### Related terms

* anakronismo

### Further reading

* “anakroniko”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# albar
## Cimbrian
### Etymology

From Venetan àlbaro, from Latin arbor.

### Noun

albar m
* (Luserna) tree
    Synonym: puam

### References

* “albar” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.

## Galician
### Etymology

From albo +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /alˈβaɾ/

### Adjective

albar m or f (plural albares)
* somewhat whitish
    Synonym: albariño
* early; which ripens or flowers early on
    Synonym: albarengo

#### Derived terms

* Albaredo
* Albaredos
* Albarido
* Albariño
* albariño
* carballo albar
* espiño albar
* estripo albar
* toxo albar
* uz albar

#### Related terms

* albarazo
* albarello
* albeiro

### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “aluar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “albar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “albar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “albar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Spanish
### Etymology

From albo +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /alˈbaɾ/ [alˈβ̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: al‧bar

### Noun

albar m (plural albares)
* wild cherry, Prunus avium
* silver birch, Betula pendula
* Portuguese oak, Quercus faginea
* sessile oak, Quercus petraea
* gorse, common gorse, Ulex europaeus

#### Derived terms

* espino albar
* roble albar
* sabina albar

### Further reading

* “albar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# travestista
## Spanish
### Adjective

travestista m or f (masculine and feminine plural travestistas)
* transvestic

#### Related terms

* travestismo

### Further reading

* “travestista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# دوغ
## Arabic
### Etymology

From Persian دوغ (dôğ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /duːɣ/

### Noun

دُوغ • (dūḡ) m
* soured buttermilk
** a. 1222, نَجِيب الدِّين السَّمَرْقَنْدِيّ [najīb ad-dīn as-samarqandiyy], edited by Juliane Müller, كِتَاب الْأَغْذِيَة وَٱلْأَشْرِبَة [kitāb al-ʔaḡdiya wa-l-ʔǎšriba] (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 101)‎, Leiden: Brill, published 2017, →ISBN, pages 114–116:و[لبن] الذي يُنزع زبده ويصفّى مائيته أيصًا حتّى يبقى منه الجزء الغليظ الجبني ففط وحمّض ويسمّى حينئذٍ الدُوغ، فهو يغذو البدن غذاءً صالحًا وينفع أصحاب المعد الحارّة وأصحاب الإسهال المرّي لا سيّما إن كان من لبن أغلظ إلا أنّ المعدة الباردة لا تهضمه. واللبن الحليب يحمّض ويتجبن أيضًا في مثل هذه المعدة، فينبغى أن يهجر أصحاب المعد الباردة اللبن وما يتّخذ منه ويحذروا منها أشدّ الحذر.And [milk] when one extracts its butter and one cleanses it from its fluidity until only only the fat cheesy part is left and which one acidifies is then called doogh, and it nourishes the body nutritionally well and helps people with hot stomachs and those with bitter diarrhoea especially if from even thicker milk, only the cold stomachs do not concoct it. Fresh milk, too, becomes acidified and coagulated in such a stomach, and it is desired that those with cold stomachs keep away from milk and what is made from it and beware of them warily.

#### Declension
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Parthian [Manichaean needed] (dwwg), from Proto-Iranian *dáwgah. Related to دوختن (duxtan), دوشیدن (dušidan, “to milk”). Also compare Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdhá).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [doːɣ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪oːɣ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [d̪oːɣ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [d̪oːɣ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [d̪ʊːɣ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪uːɢ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [d̪ɵʁ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

| Dari | دوغ |
| Iranian Persian | دوغ |
| Tajik | дӯғ |
دوغ • (duğ)
* buttermilk
* doogh, a carbonated or noncarbonated yoghurt drink.

#### Derived terms

* دوغبا (duğ-bâ, “buttermilk soup”)

### References

* Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004) “dwwg”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols
# cirriped
## English
### Alternative forms

* cirrhopod (archaic)

### Etymology

From cirri- +‎ -ped.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɪɹɪpɛd/

### Noun

cirriped (plural cirripeds)
* Any barnacle or similar crustacean of the infraclass Cirripedia

#### Derived terms

* cirripedology

#### Related terms

* cirropodous
# bescumber
## English
### Etymology

From be- +‎ scumber.

### Verb

bescumber (third-person singular simple present bescumbers, present participle bescumbering, simple past and past participle bescumbered)
* (transitive, obsolete) To sully with mud or dung.
** 1631, Ben Jonson, The Staple of News:Where did you lift your leg up last? 'Gainst what? ... Did Block bescumber Statutes white Suit, wi' the Parchment Lace there? And Broker's satin doublet? All will out.

### References

* “bescumber”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# aneksjonistyczny
## Polish
### Etymology

From aneksjonista +‎ -yczny. First attested in 1870.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.nɛk.sjɔ.ɲisˈtɘt͡ʂ.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘt͡ʂnɘ
* Syllabification: a‧nek‧sjo‧nis‧tycz‧ny

### Adjective

aneksjonistyczny (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational, politics) annexationistic (of or relating to annexationism)
    Synonym: zaborczy

#### Related terms

* aneksowy
* aneksyjny
* aneks
* aneksja
* aneksjonizm
* anektować
* zaanektować

### References

* ↑ Kurjer Krakowski‎ (in Polish), number 54, 1870, page 2

### Further reading

* aneksjonistyczny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* aneksjonistyczny in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego