OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# rugburn
## English
### Alternative forms

* rug burn, rug-burn

### Etymology

From rug +‎ burn.

### Noun

rugburn (countable and uncountable, plural rugburns)
* (countable) A painful burn or redness of skin, especially on knees, elbows, and hands, from repetitive friction against a rug or similar surface.
** 2019 August 13, “A Pueblo center for troubled kids had 243 abuse allegations in the year before it closed”, in The Colorado Sun‎:The ombudsman found that youth living at El Pueblo remained under the care and supervision of staff who had been accused of abusing them. In one case, a youth was reportedly dragged across the carpet by two staff members, resulting in rugburns on his face.
** 2021, Adam Levin, Bubblegum, Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 9:The rugburn became increasingly inflamed, and, through trembling lips, which were pursed as if to whistle, my cure began singing its sublime, plaintive painsong.
* (uncountable) Rugburns in general.
** 2004, Robert Voedisch, Zamboni Blues:Like, seriously, thanks for the music. It's meant a lot. […] Your lead's hotter than rugburn.
** 2019 November 8, Dwight Garner, “From Nabokov and Lawrence, Giants of 20th-Century Fiction, New Volumes of Nonfiction”, in New York Times‎:His writing about the shattering nature of syphilis is both devastating and a bit sly. "You could joke with the word 'pox,'" he wrote. "You can’t joke with the word 'syphilis.'" Reading Lawrence’s writing about sex, in general, leaves you suspecting that he walked around with perpetual rugburn.

#### Derived terms

* Indian rugburn

### Verb

rugburn (third-person singular simple present rugburns, present participle rugburning, simple past and past participle rugburned)
* (transitive) To cause a rugburn to form.
** 2010, John Lindo, Collegiate Maneuvers, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 174:Every time I rugburned my knees, every time some morbidly obese man fondled me as if I were his mindless property, my distaste for the job deepened.
** 2014, Keith Melton, Dark Ride Dogs, Etopia Press, →ISBN:The threadbare red and gold carpeting rugburned his cheek, but he rolled over at once and kicked the door shut.
** 2021, Mr. J, The Stories You Ignore, AuthorHouse, →ISBN:The remaining residents cringed at the sight of Trayer's face; the left side of his cheek had been severely rugburned.
# donnish
## English
### Etymology

From don +‎ -ish.

### Adjective

donnish (comparative more donnish, superlative most donnish)
* Characteristic of a (university) don.
** 1859–1861, [Thomas Hughes], chapter XII, in Tom Brown at Oxford: […], part 1st, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, published 1861, →OCLC:The proctor was a gentlemanly, straight-forward looking man of about thirty, not at all donnish, and his address answered to his appearance.
** 1876, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter XVI, in Daniel Deronda, volume I, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book II (Meeting Streams), page 321:The truth is, unless a man can get the prestige and income of a Don and write donnish books, it’s hardly worth while for him to make a Greek and Latin machine of himself and be able to spin you out pages of the Greek dramatists at any verse you’ll give him as a cue.
** 2016 April 9, Philip Oltermann, “Michael Hofmann: ‘English is basically a trap. It’s almost a language for spies’”, in The Guardian‎, →ISSN:The savagery with which Michael Hofmann can wield a hatchet has earned him unlikely fans outside the literary circuit. A recent issue of Viz ran a cartoon of the critic, poet and translator urinating all over a phone booth, while two donnish FR Leavis types nodded appreciatively from a safe distance.
* (of a person) Bookish, theoretical and pedantic, as opposed to practical.
    The new engineer had a donnish air, and found it difficult to communicate with the workers in the factory.

#### Derived terms

* donnishly
* donnishness
* undonnish
# オスロ
## Japanese
### Etymology

From English Oslo, from Norwegian Oslo.

### Proper noun

オスロ • (Osuro)
* Oslo (the capital city of Norway)
* Oslo (a tiny city in Marshall County, in northwest Minnesota, United States)
* Oslo (an unincorporated community in Vernon Township, Dodge County, Minnesota, United States)
* Oslo (an unincorporated community in Indian River County, Florida, United States)
# organización
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* organizaçom, organização (reintegrationist)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔɾɡaniθaˈθjoŋ/ [ɔɾ.ɣ̞ɑ.ni.θaˈθjoŋ]
* IPA: (standard) /ɔɾɡaniθaˈθjoŋ/ [ɔɾ.ɣ̞ɑ.ni.θaˈθjoŋ]
* IPA: (gheada) /ɔɾħaniθaˈθjoŋ/ [ɔɾ.ħɑ.ni.θaˈθjoŋ]
* IPA: (gheada and seseo) /ɔɾħanisaˈsjoŋ/ [ɔɾ.ħɑ.ni.saˈsjoŋ]
* Rhymes: -oŋ
* Hyphenation: or‧ga‧ni‧za‧ción

### Noun

organización f (plural organizacións)
* organization

### Further reading

* “organización”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From organizar +‎ -ción.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /oɾɡaniθaˈθjon/ [oɾ.ɣ̞a.ni.θaˈθjõn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /oɾɡanisaˈsjon/ [oɾ.ɣ̞a.ni.saˈsjõn]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: or‧ga‧ni‧za‧ción

### Noun

organización f (plural organizaciones)
* organization

#### Derived terms

* Organización del Tratado de Seguridad Colectiva
* Organización Mundial del Comercio

### Further reading

* “organización”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# popravit
## Czech
### Etymology

From po- +‎ pravit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpopravɪt]

### Verb

popravit pf
* to execute (to kill)

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | popravit, popraviti | Active adjective | popravivší |
| Verbal noun | popravení | Passive adjective | popravený |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | popravím | popravíme | — | popravme |
| 2nd person | popravíš | popravíte | poprav | popravte |
| 3rd person | popraví | popraví | — | — |
* The verb popravit does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | popravil | popravili | popraven | popraveni |
| masculine inanimate | popravil | popravily | popraven | popraveny |
| feminine | popravila | popravily | popravena | popraveny |
| neuter | popravilo | popravila | popraveno | popravena |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | — | popraviv |
| feminine + neuter singular | — | popravivši |
| plural | — | popravivše |

#### Derived terms

* poprava f
* popraviště n

### Further reading

* “popraviti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “popraviti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “popravit”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# trvale
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtr̩valɛ]
* Rhymes: -alɛ

### Adverb

trvale (comparative trvaleji, superlative nejtrvaleji)
* permanently

#### Related terms

* trvalý
* trvanlivost f

### Further reading

* “trvale”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “trvale”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “trvale”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# żywość
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žȋvostь. By surface analysis, żywy +‎ -ość.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʐɘ.vɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘvɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ży‧wość

### Noun

żywość f
* liveliness, vivacity
    Synonyms: rześkość, żwawość, żywotność

#### Related terms

* życie
* żyła
* żywot
* goić
* żyć
* żywić

### Further reading

* żywość in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* żywość in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# dy'gol
## Cornish
### Alternative forms

* (Revived Late Cornish) de'gòl

### Etymology

From dydh (“day”) +‎ gool (“feast, fair”).

### Pronunciation

* (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA: [ˈdɪɡɤl]

### Noun

dy'gol m (plural dy'golyow)
* feast day, holiday

#### Derived terms

* dy'gol deys (“harvest”)
* dy'gol kemmyn (“bank holiday”)
* Dy'gol Maria Mis Meurth (“Annunciation”)
* Dy'gol Stefan (“Boxing Day”)
# wieprz
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish wieprz, from Proto-Slavic *veprь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *weprios. Cognate with Lower Sorbian wjapś, Upper Sorbian wjapř, Czech vepř, Russian вепрь (veprʹ), Old Church Slavonic вепрь (veprĭ).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvjɛpʂ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛpʂ
* Syllabification: wieprz
* Homophone: Wieprz

### Noun

wieprz m animal (diminutive wieprzek or wieprzak)
* barrow, hog; a male, usually castrated, pig kept for its meat

#### Derived terms

* wieprzowina
* wieprzowy

### Further reading

* wieprz in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wieprz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# machr
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Macher.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmaxr̩]

### Noun

machr m anim
* expert, whizz, pro
    Synonyms: odborník, výtečník, borec, sekáč, expert, eso, profík, kádr

#### Derived terms

* machrovat

### Further reading

* “machr”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “machr”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “machr”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# vaikka
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vaikka, possibly from *vai. Related to Ingrian vaikka, Karelian vaikka and Votic vaikkõ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋɑi̯kːɑ/, [ˈʋɑ̝i̯kːɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑikːɑ
* Hyphenation: vaik‧ka

### Conjunction

vaikka
* (subordinating) although, though, even though [with indicative]
    Menen ulos, vaikka sataa.I'll go out even though it's raining.
    Minun on saatava se valmiiksi tällä viikolla, vaikka sitten ylitöinä.I'll have to finish it this week, working overtime if need be.
* (subordinating) even if [with conditional]
    Menen ulos, vaikka sataisi.I'll go out even if it rains.
* (with negative) not that (usually with the clitic -han/-hän or -pa/-pä)
    Taitaa tulla hyvä sienivuosi, vaikka ethän sinä välitä sienistä.It looks like a good year for mushrooms this year, not that you are partial to mushrooms.

#### Usage notes
### Adverb

vaikka
* for instance, for example
    Synonym: vaikkapa
    Kokeile vaikka tätä.Try this, for instance.
* how about, what about (used to indicate that something is proposed as a suggestion)
    Pelattaisiinko vaikka šakkia?How about a game of chess?
* (with an interrogative) emphasizes the openness of a set or group
    Sieltähän voi tulla vaikka kuka ovesta sisään.Basically anyone could come in through the door.
    Minä en mieltäni muuta, vaikka mitä tapahtuisikin.I won't change my mind, no matter whatever happens.

### Interjection

vaikka
* I guess, why not (used to reservedly accept a suggestion)

#### Derived terms

* vaikkakaan
* vaikkakin
* vaikkapa

### See also

* vaikkakin
* vaikkakaan

### Further reading

* “vaikka”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04

## Ingrian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vaikka. Cognates include Finnish vaikka.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈʋɑi̯kːɑ/, [ˈʋɑi̯kː]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈʋɑi̯kːɑ/, [ˈʋɑi̯kːɑ]
* Rhymes: -ɑi̯kː, -ɑi̯kːɑ
* Hyphenation: vaik‧ka

### Conjunction

vaikka
* Synonym of vaikko

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 631
# desesperante
## Spanish
### Etymology

From desesperar +‎ -ante.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /desespeˈɾante/ [d̪e.ses.peˈɾãn̪.t̪e]
* Rhymes: -ante
* Syllabification: de‧ses‧pe‧ran‧te

### Adjective

desesperante m or f (masculine and feminine plural desesperantes)
* infuriating, exasperating
    Synonym: exasperante
** 2015 July 22, “Preferiría no hacerlo”, in El País‎:Salvo en esas coyunturas, la mayor parte del tiempo el gobierno ha mostrado una desesperante desidia para utilizar su cacareado oficio político.Save in those circumstances, the majority of the time the government has demonstrated an maddening disinterest in using its crowed-about political role.

#### Derived terms

* desesperantemente

### Further reading

* “desesperante”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# dresiara
## Polish
### Etymology

From dres +‎ -ara.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /drɛˈɕa.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ara
* Syllabification: dre‧sia‧ra

### Noun

dresiara f (male equivalent dresiarz)
* (derogatory) female equivalent of dresiarz (“chavette”)

#### Related terms

* dresiarski
* dresowy
* dresiarsko
* dres
* dresiarstwo
* dresik
* dresy

### Further reading

* dresiara in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
# baryt
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbarɪt]
* Hyphenation: ba‧ryt

### Noun

baryt m inan
* (mineralogy) barite

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “baryt”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “baryt”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “baryt” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “baryt”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Polish
### Etymology

From bary- +‎ -yt.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈba.rɘt/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arɘt
* Syllabification: ba‧ryt

### Noun

baryt m inan
* (mineralogy) barite

#### Derived terms

* barytowy

### Further reading

* baryt in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# bronchodilator
## English
### Etymology

From broncho- +‎ dilator.

### Noun

bronchodilator (plural bronchodilators)
* (medicine) Any drug used to dilate and relax the bronchial passages and ease the flow of air to the lungs

#### Derived terms

* monobronchodilator
* postbronchodilator
* prebronchodilator
# puntík
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech puntík. By surface analysis, punkt +‎ -ík.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpunciːk]

### Noun

puntík m inan
* dot, spot
    do posledního puntíku ― to the smallest detail

#### Derived terms

* puntíček
* puntíčkář
* puntíkovaný

### Further reading

* “puntík”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “puntík”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “puntík”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# air purifier
## English
### Etymology

Compound of air +‎ purifier.

### Noun

air purifier (plural air purifiers)
* A device used to remove contaminants from the air.
    Synonym: air cleaner
# złotooki
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zwɔ.tɔˈɔ.ki/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔki
* Syllabification: zło‧to‧o‧ki

### Etymology 1

From złoty +‎ -o- +‎ oko +‎ -i.

#### Adjective

złotooki (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* golden-eyed

##### Related terms

* złotook

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

złotooki
* nominative/accusative/vocative plural of złotook

### Further reading

* złotooki in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# przepowiadalność
## Polish
### Etymology

From przepowiadalny +‎ -ość. First attested in 1934.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɛ.pɔ.vjaˈdal.nɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -alnɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: prze‧po‧wia‧dal‧ność

### Noun

przepowiadalność f
* (uncommon) predictability
    Synonym: (more common) przewidywalność
** 1938, Nauka polska, jej potrzeby, organizacja i rozwöj: Rocznik Kasy pomocy dla osób pracujacych na polu naukowym imienia doktora Józefa Mianowskiego‎, Skład glówny w ksiȩgarni Gebethnera i Wolffa, page 297:Dokładność tej liczbowej przepowiadalności jest ograniczona w sposób zasadniczy przez nierówności Heisenberga, które […]The accuracy of this numerical predictability is fundamentally limited by the Heisenberg inequalities, which […]

#### Related terms

* przepowiadalny
* przepowiedczy
* przepowiedni
* przepowiadacz
* przepowiadaczka
* przepowiadka
* przepowiastka
* przepowiednia
* przepowiednik
* przepowiedź
* przepowieść
* powiedzieć pf, powiadać impf
* przepowiedzieć pf, przepowiadać impf

### References

* ↑ Joachim Metallmann (1934) Determinizm nauk przyrodniczych‎ (in Polish), page 363

### Further reading

* przepowiadalność in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
* “przepowiadalność”, in Słownik gramatyczny języka polskiego [Grammatical Dictionary of Polish], 2022
# destrepe
## Spanish
### Etymology 1

Deverbal from destrepar.

#### Noun

destrepe m (plural destrepes)
* climbdown
** 2015 July 23, “Senderismo refrescante para el verano”, in El País‎:La ruta empieza en el pueblo de Escuaín y baja hasta el fondo de la garganta del río Yaga por una estrecha senda que desciende en algunos puntos de manera vertiginosa y obliga a realizar algunos destrepes fáciles en los que hay que prestar una especial atención ante posibles resbalones.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Related terms

* destrepar

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

destrepe
* inflection of destrepar:
** first/third-person singular present subjunctive
** third-person singular imperative
# nepravda
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nepravьda. Compare Serbo-Croatian nepravda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛpravda]

### Noun

nepravda f
* falsity (assertion)
    Antonym: pravda

#### Related terms

* nepravdivý

### See also

* blud
* dezinformace
* dezinterpretace
* klam
* lež
* misreprezentace
* mýlka
* omyl
* překroucení
* smyšlenka
* výmysl
* zkreslení

### Further reading

* “nepravda”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “nepravda”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “nepravda”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nepravьda. Compare Czech nepravda.

### Noun

nèprāvda f (Cyrillic spelling нѐпра̄вда)
* injustice
    Synonym: krȋvda

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “nepravda”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

## Slovak
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nepravьda.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɲepravda]

### Noun

nepravda f
* falsity
    Antonym: pravda

### Further reading

* “nepravda”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# escaparatista
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskapaɾaˈtista/ [es.ka.pa.ɾaˈt̪is.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -ista
* Syllabification: es‧ca‧pa‧ra‧tis‧ta

### Noun

escaparatista m or f by sense (plural escaparatistas)
* window dresser

#### Related terms

* escaparatismo

### Further reading

* “escaparatista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# schnąć
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъxnǫti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂sus-né-w-ti ~ *h₂sus-n-w-énti, nasal infix present of *h₂sews- (“to be dry”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsxnɔɲt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔɲt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: schnąć

### Verb

schnąć impf (perfective uschnąć or wyschnąć)
* (intransitive) to dry (to lose moisture)
    Synonym: wysychać
* (intransitive, of plants) to wither (to shrivel, droop, especially from lack of water)
    Synonyms: usychać, więdnąć
* (intransitive, colloquial) to lose weight rapidly
    Hypernym: chudnąć

#### Conjugation

Standard:
Colloquial:

#### Derived terms

* dosychać impf, doschnąć pf
* obsychać impf, obeschnąć pf
* osychać impf, oschnąć pf
* podsychać impf, podeschnąć pf
* poschnąć pf
* przesychać impf, przeschnąć pf
* przysychać impf, przyschnąć pf
* rozsychać impf, rozeschnąć pf
* usychać impf, uschnąć pf
* wysychać impf, wyschnąć pf
* zasychać impf, zaschnąć pf
* zsychać impf, zeschnąć pf

#### Related terms

* obeschły
* oschły
* podeschły
* poschły
* przeschły
* przyschły
* suchy
* suszony
* uschły
* wyschły
* zaschły
* zeschły
* suchar
* suchość
* suchota
* susza
* suszak
* suszarka
* suszarnia
* suszka
* suszyć

### Further reading

* schnąć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* schnąć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Greenlander
## English
### Etymology

From Greenland +‎ -er.

### Noun

Greenlander (plural Greenlanders)
* A person from Greenland or of Greenlandic descent.
** 1865, Henry David Thoreau, Cape Cod, Chapter IV. "The Beach", page 54.
    Were it not for this, we Europeans should have no wood to burn there, and the poor Greenlanders […] would, however, have no wood to roof their houses, to erect their tents, as also to build their boats, and to shaft their arrows.

#### Related terms

* Greenland
* Greenlandic
# escalera
## Aragonese
### Etymology

From Late Latin scālāria, from Latin scālae (“stairs”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskaˈleɾa/
* Rhymes: -eɾa
* Syllabification: es‧ca‧le‧ra

### Noun

escalera f (plural escaleras)
* ladder
* staircase

### References

* Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) “escalera”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN

## Asturian
### Etymology

From Late Latin scālāria, from Latin scālae (“stairs”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskaˈleɾa/ [es.kaˈle.ɾa]
* Rhymes: -eɾa
* Hyphenation: es‧ca‧le‧ra

### Noun

escalera f (plural escaleres)
* ladder (climbing tool)

## Old Spanish
### Etymology

From Late Latin scālāria, from Latin scālae (“stairs”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskaˈleɾa/

### Noun

escalera f (plural escaleras)
* stairway; steps, stairs
** c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 18v. b.
    Nõ ſubas cõ eſcalera ſobre myo altar q̃ non ſe deſcubra to cuerpo ſobre myo altarDo not go up by steps unto my altar, do not let your body be exposed over my altar.
** Idem, f. 46v. b.
    e veno en viſion dela noch q̃ vedia una eſcalera q̃ eſtaua ſobre la tierra e el cabo tenia ſobre los cielos eangeles de nr̃o ſennor ſubiã e deſcendian.
       In the night came a vision where he saw a stairway resting on the earth, with its top reaching to the heavens, and the angels of the Lord were ascending and descending it.

#### Descendants

* Ladino: eskalera (Latin spelling)
* Spanish: escalera

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish escalera, from Late Latin scālāria, from Latin scālae (“steps”). Compare English escalator, Asturian escalera, and Portuguese escaleira.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskaˈleɾa/ [es.kaˈle.ɾa]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɾa
* Syllabification: es‧ca‧le‧ra

### Noun

escalera f (plural escaleras) (diminutive escalerita)
* stairs
* staircase, stairway
* ladder
* (poker) straight

#### Derived terms

* culebra de escalera
* escalera automática
* escalera de caracol
* escalera de color
* escalera de incendios
* escalera de mano
* escalera de servicio
* escalera doble
* escalera mecánica
* escalera real
* escalerilla
* escalinata

#### Related terms

* escala

### Further reading

* “escalera”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

### Anagrams

* acelerás, aceleras, calesera, clarease, escalaré, escalare, laceares, lacerase, recalase
# agrogeologia
## Polish
### Etymology

From agro- +‎ geologia. First attested in 1912.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ɡrɔ.ɡɛ.ɔˈlɔ.ɡja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔɡja
* Syllabification: a‧gro‧ge‧o‧lo‧gia

### Noun

agrogeologia f
* (agriculture, geology) agrogeology
    Hypernym: geologia

#### Derived terms

* agrogeologiczny
* agrogeolog

### References

* ↑ Kronika‎, 1912, page 35
* ↑ agrogeologia in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* agrogeologia in Polish dictionaries at PWN