# tír
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish tír, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. “dry land” as opposed to lake or sea. Cognates include English thirst, Latin terra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʲiːɾʲ/

### Noun

tír f (genitive singular tíre, nominative plural tíortha)
* land, country
** state, nation
** region, district, territory; people of country
** rural district(s)
** land (as opposed to sea)

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
tír
tíortha
vocative
a thír
a thíortha
genitive
tíre
tíortha
dative
tír
tíortha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an tír
na tíortha
genitive
na tíre
na dtíortha
dative
leis an tír don tír
leis na tíortha :
* Alternative plural: tíreacha (Cois Fharraige)

#### Derived terms

* alltathír f (“wild, rough, country”)
* i dtír (“ashore”)
* míntír f (“mainland”)
* mórthír f (“mainland”)
* tír chluiche f (“sporting country; hunting-ground”)
* Tír Eoghain (“Tyrone”)
* tír mór f (“mainland”)
* Tír na mBascach (“Basque County”)
* Tír na nÓg
* tírdhreach (“landscape”)
* tírghrá (“patriotism”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “tír”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 737
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tír”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 tír”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “tír”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “tír”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
* Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 46

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. ‘dry land’ as opposed to lake or sea. Cognates include English thirst, Latin terra.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (nominative/vocative/accusative singular and dual) /tʲiːr/, (dative singular) /tʲiːrʲ/

### Noun

tír n (genitive tíre, nominative plural tíre)
* land, country, territory, ground

#### Declension

Neuter s-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | tír$^N$ | tír$^N$ | tíre$^L$ |
| Vocative | tír$^N$ | tír$^N$ | tíre$^L$ |
| Accusative | tír$^N$ | tír$^N$ | tíre$^L$ |
| Genitive | tíre$^L$ | tíre | tíre$^N$ |
| Dative | tír$^L$ | tírib | tírib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Descendants

* Irish: tír
* Manx: çheer
* Scottish Gaelic: tìr

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 tír”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Old Norse
### Noun

tír
* accusative/dative singular of tírr