# fliuch
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /fʲlʲɯx/
* (Aran) IPA: /fʲlʲɔx/, /fʲlʲɞx/
* (Cois Fharraige) IPA: /fʲlʲɔx/
* (Ulster) IPA: /fʲlʲɨ̞x/, /fʲlʲʌx/, /fʲlʲʊx/, /fʲlʲɔx/

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish fliuch, from Proto-Celtic *wlikʷos (compare Welsh gwlyb, Cornish glyb), from Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ- (compare Latin liquō (“melt”), Tocharian A lyīktsi (“to wash”)).

#### Adjective

fliuch (genitive singular masculine fliuch, genitive singular feminine fliche, plural fliucha, comparative fliche)
* wet

##### Declension

$^1$ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. $^2$ When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
* Alternative vocative/genitive singular masculine and archaic dative singular feminine form: flich

##### Derived terms

* barrfhliuch (“wet on the surface”, adjective)
* béalfhliuch
* breacfhliuch
* fliuchán
* fliuchlach

#### Verb

fliuch (present analytic fliuchann, future analytic fliuchfaidh, verbal noun fliuchadh, past participle fliuchta)
* (intransitive) get or become wet
* (transitive) make wet

##### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | fliuchaim | fliuchann tú; fliuchair$^†$ | fliuchann sé, sí | fliuchaimid | fliuchann sibh | fliuchann siad; fliuchaid$^†$ | a fhliuchann; a fhliuchas / a bhfliuchann* | fliuchtar |
| indicative | past | d'fhliuch mé; d'fhliuchas / fhliuch mé‡; fhliuchas‡ | d'fhliuch tú; d'fhliuchais / fhliuch tú; fhliuchais‡ | d'fhliuch sé, sí / fhliuch sé, sí‡ | d'fhliuchamar; d'fhliuch muid / fhliuchamar; fhliuch muid‡ | d'fhliuch sibh; d'fhliuchabhair / fhliuch sibh; fhliuchabhair‡ | d'fhliuch siad; d'fhliuchadar / fhliuch siad; fhliuchadar‡ | a d'fhliuch / ar fhliuch* | fliuchadh |
| indicative | past habitual | d'fhliuchainn / fhliuchainn‡; bhfliuchainn‡‡ | d'fhliuchtá / fhliuchtá‡; bhfliuchtá‡‡ | d'fhliuchadh sé, sí / fhliuchadh sé, sí‡; bhfliuchadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'fhliuchaimis; d'fhliuchadh muid / fhliuchaimis; fhliuchadh muid‡; bhfliuchaimis‡‡; bhfliuchadh muid‡‡ | d'fhliuchadh sibh / fhliuchadh sibh‡; bhfliuchadh sibh‡‡ | d'fhliuchaidís; d'fhliuchadh siad / fhliuchaidís; fhliuchadh siad‡; bhfliuchaidís‡‡; bhfliuchadh siad‡‡ | a d'fhliuchadh / a bhfliuchadh* | d'fhliuchtaí / fhliuchtaí‡; bhfliuchtaí‡‡ |
| future | future | fliuchfaidh mé; fliuchfad | fliuchfaidh tú; fliuchfair$^†$ | fliuchfaidh sé, sí | fliuchfaimid; fliuchfaidh muid | fliuchfaidh sibh | fliuchfaidh siad; fliuchfaid$^†$ | a fhliuchfaidh; a fhliuchfas / a bhfliuchfaidh* | fliuchfar |
| conditional | conditional | d'fhliuchfainn / fhliuchfainn‡; bhfliuchfainn‡‡ | d'fhliuchfá / fhliuchfá‡; bhfliuchfá‡‡ | d'fhliuchfadh sé, sí / fhliuchfadh sé, sí‡; bhfliuchfadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'fhliuchfaimis; d'fhliuchfadh muid / fhliuchfaimis‡; fhliuchfadh muid‡; bhfliuchfaimis‡‡; bhfliuchfadh muid‡‡ | d'fhliuchfadh sibh / fhliuchfadh sibh‡; bhfliuchfadh sibh‡‡ | d'fhliuchfaidís; d'fhliuchfadh siad / fhliuchfaidís‡; fhliuchfadh siad‡; bhfliuchfaidís‡‡; bhfliuchfadh siad‡‡ | a d'fhliuchfadh / a bhfliuchfadh* | d'fhliuchfaí / fhliuchfaí‡; bhfliuchfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go bhfliucha mé; go bhfliuchad$^†$ | go bhfliucha tú; go bhfliuchair$^†$ | go bhfliucha sé, sí | go bhfliuchaimid; go bhfliucha muid | go bhfliucha sibh | go bhfliucha siad; go bhfliuchaid$^†$ | — | go bhfliuchtar |
| subjunctive | past | dá bhfliuchainn | dá bhfliuchtá | dá bhfliuchadh sé, sí | dá bhfliuchaimis; dá bhfliuchadh muid | dá bhfliuchadh sibh | dá bhfliuchaidís; dá bhfliuchadh siad | — | dá bhfliuchtaí |
| imperative | imperative | fliuchaim | fliuch | fliuchadh sé, sí | fliuchaimis | fliuchaigí; fliuchaidh$^†$ | fliuchaidís | — | fliuchtar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh |
| past participle | past participle | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡ dependent form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

##### Derived terms

* do phíobán a fhliuchadh (“to wet one’s whistle”)

### Etymology 2

See fiuch.

#### Verb

fliuch (present analytic fliuchann, future analytic fliuchfaidh, verbal noun fliuchadh, past participle fliuchta)
* (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of fiuch (“boil”)

##### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | fliuchaim | fliuchann tú; fliuchair$^†$ | fliuchann sé, sí | fliuchaimid | fliuchann sibh | fliuchann siad; fliuchaid$^†$ | a fhliuchann; a fhliuchas / a bhfliuchann* | fliuchtar |
| indicative | past | d'fhliuch mé; d'fhliuchas / fhliuch mé‡; fhliuchas‡ | d'fhliuch tú; d'fhliuchais / fhliuch tú; fhliuchais‡ | d'fhliuch sé, sí / fhliuch sé, sí‡ | d'fhliuchamar; d'fhliuch muid / fhliuchamar; fhliuch muid‡ | d'fhliuch sibh; d'fhliuchabhair / fhliuch sibh; fhliuchabhair‡ | d'fhliuch siad; d'fhliuchadar / fhliuch siad; fhliuchadar‡ | a d'fhliuch / ar fhliuch* | fliuchadh |
| indicative | past habitual | d'fhliuchainn / fhliuchainn‡; bhfliuchainn‡‡ | d'fhliuchtá / fhliuchtá‡; bhfliuchtá‡‡ | d'fhliuchadh sé, sí / fhliuchadh sé, sí‡; bhfliuchadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'fhliuchaimis; d'fhliuchadh muid / fhliuchaimis; fhliuchadh muid‡; bhfliuchaimis‡‡; bhfliuchadh muid‡‡ | d'fhliuchadh sibh / fhliuchadh sibh‡; bhfliuchadh sibh‡‡ | d'fhliuchaidís; d'fhliuchadh siad / fhliuchaidís; fhliuchadh siad‡; bhfliuchaidís‡‡; bhfliuchadh siad‡‡ | a d'fhliuchadh / a bhfliuchadh* | d'fhliuchtaí / fhliuchtaí‡; bhfliuchtaí‡‡ |
| future | future | fliuchfaidh mé; fliuchfad | fliuchfaidh tú; fliuchfair$^†$ | fliuchfaidh sé, sí | fliuchfaimid; fliuchfaidh muid | fliuchfaidh sibh | fliuchfaidh siad; fliuchfaid$^†$ | a fhliuchfaidh; a fhliuchfas / a bhfliuchfaidh* | fliuchfar |
| conditional | conditional | d'fhliuchfainn / fhliuchfainn‡; bhfliuchfainn‡‡ | d'fhliuchfá / fhliuchfá‡; bhfliuchfá‡‡ | d'fhliuchfadh sé, sí / fhliuchfadh sé, sí‡; bhfliuchfadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'fhliuchfaimis; d'fhliuchfadh muid / fhliuchfaimis‡; fhliuchfadh muid‡; bhfliuchfaimis‡‡; bhfliuchfadh muid‡‡ | d'fhliuchfadh sibh / fhliuchfadh sibh‡; bhfliuchfadh sibh‡‡ | d'fhliuchfaidís; d'fhliuchfadh siad / fhliuchfaidís‡; fhliuchfadh siad‡; bhfliuchfaidís‡‡; bhfliuchfadh siad‡‡ | a d'fhliuchfadh / a bhfliuchfadh* | d'fhliuchfaí / fhliuchfaí‡; bhfliuchfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go bhfliucha mé; go bhfliuchad$^†$ | go bhfliucha tú; go bhfliuchair$^†$ | go bhfliucha sé, sí | go bhfliuchaimid; go bhfliucha muid | go bhfliucha sibh | go bhfliucha siad; go bhfliuchaid$^†$ | — | go bhfliuchtar |
| subjunctive | past | dá bhfliuchainn | dá bhfliuchtá | dá bhfliuchadh sé, sí | dá bhfliuchaimis; dá bhfliuchadh muid | dá bhfliuchadh sibh | dá bhfliuchaidís; dá bhfliuchadh siad | — | dá bhfliuchtaí |
| imperative | imperative | fliuchaim | fliuch | fliuchadh sé, sí | fliuchaimis | fliuchaigí; fliuchaidh$^†$ | fliuchaidís | — | fliuchtar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh | fliuchadh |
| past participle | past participle | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta | fliuchta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡ dependent form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 57, page 30
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 114
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 26, page 14
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fliuch”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “fliuch”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “fliuch”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “fliuch”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *wlikʷos (compare Welsh gwlyb, Cornish glyb), from Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ- (compare Latin liquō (“to melt”), Tocharian A lyīktsi (“to wash”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɸʲlʲiu̯x]

### Adjective

fliuch (comparative fliuchu)
* wet

#### Inflection

u-stem :
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | fliuch | fliuch | fliuch |
| Vocative | fliuch | fliuch | fliuch |
| Accusative | fliuch | flich | fliuch |
| Genitive | flich | fliuchae | flich |
| Dative | fliuch | flich | fliuch |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | Feminine/neuter |
| Nominative | fliuchai | fliuchai | fliuchai |
| Vocative | fliuchai | fliuchai | fliuchai |
| Accusative | fliuchai | fliuchai | fliuchai |
| Genitive | * | * | * |
| Dative | fliuchaib | fliuchaib | fliuchaib |
| Notes | *not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish | *not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish | *not attested in Old Irish; same as nominative singular masculine in Middle Irish |

#### Derived terms

* fliuchad
* fliuchaid
* fliuchaide

#### Descendants

* Irish: fliuch
* Manx: fliugh
* Scottish Gaelic: fliuch

### Noun

fliuch n
* damp, wet weather

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fliuch”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish fliuch, from Proto-Celtic *wlikʷos (compare Welsh gwlyb, Cornish glyb), from Proto-Indo-European *wleykʷ- (compare Latin liquō (“to melt”), Tocharian A lyīktsi (“to wash”)).

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis) IPA: /flux/, [flʊx]
* (Uist, Barra) IPA: /fliux/

### Adjective

fliuch (comparative fliuiche or fliche)
* wet, rainy, moist, damp, oozy
    là fliuch ― a rainy day
    fuar, fliuch gun deò léirsinn ― cold, wet and stone blind
    bàta fliuch ― a boat given to taking waves on board

### Verb

fliuch (past fhliuch, future fliuchaidh, verbal noun fliuchadh, past participle fliuchte)
* wet, moisten
* water
* make drunk

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “fliuch”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “fliuch”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC