# 形勢
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xíngshì
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄕˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jing$^4$ sai$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): yen$^3$ sai$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hìn-sṳ
    (Hailu, HRS): hin she$^ˇ$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hêng-sè / hêng-sì
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hêng$^5$ si$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xíngshì
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: síngshìh
*** Wade–Giles: hsing$^2$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: syíng-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyngshyh
*** Palladius: синши (sinši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$刑事 型式 形勢／形势 形式 行事
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jing$^4$ sai$^3$
*** Yale: yìhng sai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jing$^4$ sai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ying$^4$ sei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪŋ²¹ sɐi̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: yen$^3$ sai$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jen²² sai³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hìn-sṳ
*** Hakka Romanization System: hin$^ˇ$ sii
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hin$^2$ si$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hin¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: hin she$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /hin⁵⁵ ʃe¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêng-sè
*** Tâi-lô: hîng-sè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hengsex
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² se²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪŋ²³⁻³³ se²¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêng-sì
*** Tâi-lô: hîng-sì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hengsix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪŋ¹³⁻²² si²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪŋ²³⁻³³ si²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hêng$^5$ si$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hêng sì
*** Sinological IPA : /heŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ si²¹³/

### Noun

形勢
* terrain; landform; topography (Classifier: 個／个 m)
* situation; state (Classifier: 個／个 m)
    經濟形勢／经济形势 ― jīngjì xíngshì ― economic situation
    世界形勢／世界形势 ― shìjiè xíngshì ― international situation; state of the world
    緊跟形勢／紧跟形势 ― jǐngēn xíngshì ― to keep abreast of the situation
    擴大緊張形勢／扩大紧张形势 ― kuòdà jǐnzhāng xíngshì ― to escalate tensions
    形勢大好。／形势大好。 ― Xíngshì dàhǎo. ― The situation is very good.
       Xiànzài xíngshì háishì hěn yánjùn na. [Pinyin]
       The current situation is still very grim.

#### Synonyms

* (terrain):
* 地形 (dìxíng)
* 地文 (dìwén) (literary)
* 地貌 (dìmào)
* (situation):
* 事態／事态 (shìtài) (especially negative)
* 光景 (guāngjǐng)
* 光陰／光阴 (guāngyīn) (Classical)
* 勢面／势面 (Hokkien)
* 境地 (jìngdì) (chiefly undesirable)
* 境況／境况 (jìngkuàng) (usually economic)
* 境遇 (jìngyù) (usually negative)
* 局勢／局势 (júshì)
* 局面 (júmiàn)
* 情勢／情势 (qíngshì)
* 情境 (qíngjìng)
* 情態／情态 (qíngtài)
* 情況／情况 (qíngkuàng)
* 情狀／情状 (qíngzhuàng) (literary)
* 情節／情节 (qíngjié) (of a crime or mistake)
* 景況／景况 (jǐngkuàng) (chiefly of an economy or individual)
* 景象 (jǐngxiàng) (literary)
* 板面 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 樣子／样子 (yàngzi)
* 模樣／模样
* 狀況／状况 (zhuàngkuàng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 形 | 勢 |
| けい Grade: 2 | せい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) けーせー [kèéséé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ke̞ːse̞ː]

### Noun

形(けい)勢(せい) • (keisei)
* condition, situation, prospects

#### Derived terms

* 形勢逆転(けいせいぎゃくてん) (keisei gyakuten): turn the tables

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN