# mwt
## Egyptian
### Etymology 1

Likely a babble word in origin, like many of its Afroasiatic parallels. Militarev and Stolbova derive it from a supposed Proto-Afroasiatic form instead, but also note it may be a nursery word. If not, perhaps cognate with Proto-Semitic *ʔimm-.

#### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /ˈmiʔwat/ → /ˈmiʔwaʔ/ → /ˈmeʔwə/ → /ˈmeʔw/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ˈmiʔwat/
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /ˈmiʔwaʔ/
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /ˈmeʔwə/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /ˈmeʔw/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /muːt/
** Conventional anglicization: mut

#### Noun

f
* mother
** c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.11–1.12: ḫr (tw)r n(j) ḥr r dfꜣ jb jmꜣ n.f kꜣhs r mwt.fOne who is averted of face against feeding the heart (i.e. one who doesn’t indulge himself), the harsh man has to be more kindly to him than his (own) mother.

##### Alternative forms

| mwt | mt | mjt | mjt |

##### Derived terms

* jwn-mwt.f
* mwt-mwt
* sn-n-mwt
* dwꜣ-mwt.f

##### Descendants

* Demotic: mwt
** Akhmimic Coptic: ⲙⲟ (mo), ⲙⲱ (mō)
** Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲁⲩ (mau)
** Fayyumic Coptic: ⲙⲉⲉⲩ (meeu), ⲙⲉⲟⲩ (meou), ⲙⲏⲟⲩ (mēou)
** Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲙⲉⲉⲩ (meeu)
** Old Coptic: ⲙⲉⲟⲩ (meou)
** Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲁⲁⲩ (maau), ⲙⲁⲩ (mau)

#### Proper noun

f
* (Egyptian mythology) the primordial waters [Old Kingdom]
* Mut, the vulture goddess worshipped as part of the Theban Triad

##### Derived terms

* mwt-nfr.t

##### Descendants

* →? Meroitic: 𐦨𐦴 (mt /⁠mata⁠/)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Afroasiatic *mawVt- (“to die, to kill”). Cognate with Proto-Semitic *mawut-, Central Atlas Tamazight ⵎⵎⵜ (mmt) and Hausa mutù.

#### Pronunciation

* (reconstructed) IPA: /ˈmaːwat/ → /ˈmaːjaʔ/ → /ˈmaːʔə/ → /ˈmoːʔ/
* (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA: /ˈmaːwat/
* (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA: /ˈmaːjaʔ/
* (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA: /ˈmaːʔə/
* (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA: /ˈmoːʔ/
* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /muːt/
** Conventional anglicization: mut

#### Verb

3-lit.
* (intransitive) to die
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 122–123: šm.k ḥnꜥ.sn r ẖnw m(w)t.k m nwt.kYou will go home with them, and you will die in your (own) town.
* (intransitive, figuratively, of ships) to sink
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 37–39: ꜥḥꜥ.n dpt m(w)t(.tj) ntjw jm.s nj zp wꜥ jmThen the boat died, and of those in it, not one of them survived.
* (intransitive, figuratively) to die inside, to despair
** c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 131–132: ꜥḥꜥ.n.j m(w)t.kw n.sn gm.n.j st m ẖꜣyt wꜥtThen I died for them, having found them as a single heap of corpses.

##### Alternative forms

| mt | mt |

##### Descendants

* Demotic: mwt
** Akhmimic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩ (mou), ⲙⲟⲩⲧ (mout)
** Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩ (mou), ⲙⲱⲟⲩⲧ (mōout)
** Fayyumic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩ (mou)
** Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩ (mou), ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ (mouout)
** Old Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩ (mou)
** Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩ (mou), ⲙⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧ (mouout)

#### Noun

m
* death

##### Alternative forms

| mt | mt |

##### Descendants

* Demotic: mwt
** Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩ (mou) (Akhmimic, Bohairic, Fayyumic, Lycopolitan, Old Coptic, Sahidic)

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /muːt/
** Conventional anglicization: mut

#### Noun

f
* (physics) weight

##### Inflection
### References

* Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 97
* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN
* ↑ Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 193–195, →ISBN
* ↑ Militarev, Alexander and Stolbova, Olga (2007) “*ˀVma/*ma(y)”, in Afroasiatic etymology database at StarLing‎
* ↑ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 245: “*/ˈmeʔwat/”