OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kerava
## Finnish
### Etymology

Kerava and variants like Kärävä can be found more widely in place names in Tavastia and South Savonia as well. It is probably akin to käräjät (dialectal keräjät; for the consonantal variation, compare kataja ~ dialectal katava, pihlaja ~ dialectal pihlava), referring to places that were close to borders and thus to a place that required a public assembly to agree on who should own it. Less likely derived from kero (“throat”) as a reference to a narrow body of water.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkerɑʋɑ/, [ˈk̟e̞rɑ̝ʋɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -erɑʋɑ
* Hyphenation: Ke‧ra‧va

### Proper noun

Kerava
* A town and municipality of Uusimaa, Finland.

#### Declension

The external locative cases (adessive, allative and ablative) are used with this place name when referring to a location; for example, "in Kerava" is Keravalla.
Possessive forms of Kerava (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Keravani
accusative
nom.
Keravani
gen.
Keravani
genitive
Keravani
partitive
Keravaani
inessive
Keravassani
elative
Keravastani
illative
Keravaani
adessive
Keravallani
ablative
Keravaltani
allative
Keravalleni
essive
Keravanani
translative
Keravakseni
abessive
Keravattani
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Keravasi
accusative
nom.
Keravasi
gen.
Keravasi
genitive
Keravasi
partitive
Keravaasi
inessive
Keravassasi
elative
Keravastasi
illative
Keravaasi
adessive
Keravallasi
ablative
Keravaltasi
allative
Keravallesi
essive
Keravanasi
translative
Keravaksesi
abessive
Keravattasi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Keravamme
accusative
nom.
Keravamme
gen.
Keravamme
genitive
Keravamme
partitive
Keravaamme
inessive
Keravassamme
elative
Keravastamme
illative
Keravaamme
adessive
Keravallamme
ablative
Keravaltamme
allative
Keravallemme
essive
Keravanamme
translative
Keravaksemme
abessive
Keravattamme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Keravanne
accusative
nom.
Keravanne
gen.
Keravanne
genitive
Keravanne
partitive
Keravaanne
inessive
Keravassanne
elative
Keravastanne
illative
Keravaanne
adessive
Keravallanne
ablative
Keravaltanne
allative
Keravallenne
essive
Keravananne
translative
Keravaksenne
abessive
Keravattanne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Keravansa
accusative
nom.
Keravansa
gen.
Keravansa
genitive
Keravansa
partitive
Keravaansa
inessive
Keravassaan Keravassansa
elative
Keravastaan Keravastansa
illative
Keravaansa
adessive
Keravallaan Keravallansa
ablative
Keravaltaan Keravaltansa
allative
Keravalleen Keravallensa
essive
Keravanaan Keravanansa
translative
Keravakseen Keravaksensa
abessive
Keravattaan Keravattansa
instructive
comitative

#### Derived terms

* keravalainen

### References

* ↑ Sirkka Paikkala, editor (2007), Suomalainen paikannimikirja [Book of Finnish Place names] (in Finnish), Helsinki: Karttakeskus, Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus, →ISBN

### Anagrams

* vekara

## Japanese
### Romanization

Kerava
* Rōmaji transcription of ケラヴァ
# zagłodzić
## Polish
### Etymology

From za- +‎ głodzić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zaˈɡwɔ.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔd͡ʑit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: za‧gło‧dzić

### Verb

zagłodzić pf (imperfective głodzić or zagładzać)
* (transitive) to famish, to starve
* (transitive) to underfeed (to feed insufficiently)
* (reflexive with się) to starve oneself

#### Related terms

* głodny
* głodomorek
* głodomór
* głodówka
* głód
* głodnieć
* głodować
* wygładzać
* wygłodzić
* zgłodnieć

### Further reading

* zagłodzić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* zagłodzić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# broadminded
## English
### Adjective

broadminded (comparative more broadminded, superlative most broadminded)
* Alternative spelling of broad-minded.

#### Derived terms

* broadmindedly
* broadmindedness
# habon
## Aklanon
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish jabón.

### Noun

habon
* soap

## Bikol Central
### Alternative forms

* hab-on

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /haʔˈbon/ [haʔˈbon̪]
* Audio:(file)
* IPA: /ʔaʔˈbon/ [ʔaʔˈbon̪] (h-dropping)
* Hyphenation: ha‧bon

### Noun

hàbon (Basahan spelling ᜑᜊᜓᜈ᜔)
* (Naga) stealing, robbing
    Synonyms: habas, ikit

### Verb

hàbon (plural harabon, Basahan spelling ᜑᜊᜓᜈ᜔)
* (Naga) to steal, to robb
    Synonyms: habas, ikit

#### Derived terms

* maghabon
* mahabon
* manghabon
* paghabon
* parahabon

## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish jabón.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ha‧bon
* IPA: /haˈbon/ [haˈbon]

### Noun

habón
* soap

## Hungarian
### Etymology

hab +‎ -on

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhɒbon]
* Hyphenation: ha‧bon

### Noun

habon
* superessive singular of hab

## Papiamentu
### Etymology

From Spanish jabón.

### Noun

habon
* soap

## Saisiyat
### Noun

habon
* ghost
# w kółko
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “in [a] circle”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /f ˈkuw.kɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Syllabification: w kół‧ko

### Adverb

w kółko (not comparable)
* (idiomatic) around (one's axis)
    Synonym: dookoła
* (idiomatic) around (the circumference of a circle)
    Synonym: kołem
* (idiomatic) all around, in all directions
    Synonym: na wszystkie strony
* (idiomatic) all the time, constantly, incessantly
    Synonyms: bez przerwy, ciągle

#### Related terms

* w koło

### Further reading

* w kółko in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* w kółko in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# տապան
## Armenian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Armenian տապան (tapan).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /tɑˈpɑn/, [tɑpɑ́n]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /dɑˈbɑn/, [dɑbɑ́n]

### Noun

տապան • (tapan)
* (dated) a box-shaped structure
* coffin
    Synonym: դագաղ (dagaġ)
* grave
    Synonym: գերեզման (gerezman)
* gravestone
    Synonym: տապանաքար (tapanakʻar)
* (Christianity) Noah's ark

#### Derived terms

* տապանաքար (tapanakʻar)
# hardzieć
## Polish
### Etymology

From hardy +‎ -eć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxar.d͡ʑɛt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ard͡ʑɛt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: har‧dzieć

### Verb

hardzieć impf (perfective zhardzieć)
* (intransitive) to become haughty and proud, to stop being obedient or submissive
    Synonym: krnąbrnieć

#### Derived terms

* zhardziały

#### Related terms

* gardzić impf
* hardy
* hardo
* hardość

### Further reading

* hardzieć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* hardzieć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# szahid
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَهِيد (šahīd).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʂa.xit/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -axit
* Syllabification: sza‧hid

### Noun

szahid m pers (female equivalent szahidka)
* (Islam, Sikhism) shaheed (Islamic or Sikh martyr)
    Hypernym: męczennik

#### Related terms

* pas szahida

### Further reading

* szahid in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* szahid in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# bilard
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* bilar (archaic)

### Etymology

Borrowed from French billard. First attested in 1786.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbi.lart/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ilart
* Syllabification: bi‧lard

### Noun

bilard m inan (diminutive bilardzik, related adjective bilardowy)
* (uncountable) pool, billiards
    kij do bilarda ― pool cue
    sala do bilarda ― pool hall
    stół do bilarda ― pool table
    grać/zagrać w bilard ― to play pool
* (countable) pool table
    bilard stał gdzieś ― the pool table stood somewhere
    postawić gdzieś bilard ― to set up the pool table somewhere

#### Derived terms

* bilardzista

### References

* ↑ Gazeta Warszawska‎, number 85, 1786, page 8

### Further reading

* bilard in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* bilard in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# cueless
## English
### Etymology

From cue +‎ -less.

### Adjective

cueless (not comparable)
* Without a cue (prompt).

#### Derived terms

* cuelessness
# categorization
## English
### Alternative forms

* (mainly British) categorisation

### Etymology

From categorize +‎ -ation.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˌkæt.ə.ɡɚ.əˈzeɪ.ʃən/
* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌkæt.ə.ɡər.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

### Noun

categorization (countable and uncountable, plural categorizations)
* A group of things arranged by category; a classification.
* The process of sorting or arranging things into categories or classes.
** 2013 April 29, James Gleick, “Wikipedia's Women Problem”, in New York Review of Books:It’s fair to say that Wikipedia has spent far more time considering the philosophical ramifications of categorization than Aristotle and Kant ever did.

#### Derived terms

* autocategorization
* decategorization
* miscategorization
* overcategorization
* recategorization
* subcategorization
* supercategorization

#### Related terms

* category
* categorize
# aminoacid
## English
### Noun

aminoacid (plural aminoacids)
* Alternative spelling of amino acid

#### Derived terms

* polyaminoacid

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French aminoacide.

### Noun

aminoacid m (plural aminoacizi)
* amino acid
# خونریزی
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* خون‌ریزی (xun-rêzi), خون ریزی (xun-rêzi)

### Etymology

From خون (xun, “blood”) +‎ ریزی (rêzi).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [xuːn.ɾeː.ˈziː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [xuːn.ɾeː.zíː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [xuːn.ɾeː.zíː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [xuːn.ɾeː.zíː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [xun.ɾi.zí]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [xuːn.ɹiː.zíː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [χun.ɾe.zí]

### Noun

| Dari | خونریزی |
| Iranian Persian | خونریزی |
| Tajik | хунрезӣ |
خونریزی • (xunrêzi)
* (pathology) bleeding, a bleed, haemorrhage
    خونریزی داخلی ― xunrêzi-ye dâxeli ― internal bleeding, internal haemorrhage (UK), internal haemorrhaging (UK)
* bloodshed

#### Derived terms

* خونریز (xunrêz)
# kalumnia
## Latin
### Noun

kalumnia f (genitive kalumniae); first declension
* Alternative form of calumnia

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

### References

* kalumnia in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin calumnia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈlum.ɲa/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -umɲa
* Syllabification: ka‧lum‧nia

### Noun

kalumnia f
* calumny, slander, defamation
    Synonyms: oszczerstwo, zniesławienie, pomówienie, obmówienie

#### Derived terms

* kalumniator
* kalumniatorka
* kalumniować impf

### Further reading

* kalumnia in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kalumnia in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Pedersöre
## Finnish
### Etymology

From Swedish Pedersöre; see Pietarsaari for further details.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpe(ː)dersø(ː)re/, [ˈpe̞(ː)de̞rˌs̠ø̞(ː)re̞]
* Rhymes: -øre
* Hyphenation: Pe‧der‧sö‧re

### Proper noun

Pedersöre
* (informal in nominative) A town and municipality of Ostrobothnia, Finland.

#### Usage notes

The official Finnish name is Pedersören kunta and includes the kunta part unlike other municipalities.

#### Declension

The internal locative cases (inessive, illative and elative) are used with this place name when referring to a location; for example, "in Pedersöre" is Pedersöressä.
Possessive forms of Pedersöre (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Pedersöreni
accusative
nom.
Pedersöreni
gen.
Pedersöreni
genitive
Pedersöreni
partitive
Pedersöreäni
inessive
Pedersöressäni
elative
Pedersörestäni
illative
Pedersöreeni
adessive
Pedersörelläni
ablative
Pedersöreltäni
allative
Pedersörelleni
essive
Pedersörenäni
translative
Pedersörekseni
abessive
Pedersörettäni
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Pedersöresi
accusative
nom.
Pedersöresi
gen.
Pedersöresi
genitive
Pedersöresi
partitive
Pedersöreäsi
inessive
Pedersöressäsi
elative
Pedersörestäsi
illative
Pedersöreesi
adessive
Pedersörelläsi
ablative
Pedersöreltäsi
allative
Pedersörellesi
essive
Pedersörenäsi
translative
Pedersöreksesi
abessive
Pedersörettäsi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Pedersöremme
accusative
nom.
Pedersöremme
gen.
Pedersöremme
genitive
Pedersöremme
partitive
Pedersöreämme
inessive
Pedersöressämme
elative
Pedersörestämme
illative
Pedersöreemme
adessive
Pedersörellämme
ablative
Pedersöreltämme
allative
Pedersörellemme
essive
Pedersörenämme
translative
Pedersöreksemme
abessive
Pedersörettämme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Pedersörenne
accusative
nom.
Pedersörenne
gen.
Pedersörenne
genitive
Pedersörenne
partitive
Pedersöreänne
inessive
Pedersöressänne
elative
Pedersörestänne
illative
Pedersöreenne
adessive
Pedersörellänne
ablative
Pedersöreltänne
allative
Pedersörellenne
essive
Pedersörenänne
translative
Pedersöreksenne
abessive
Pedersörettänne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
Pedersörensä
accusative
nom.
Pedersörensä
gen.
Pedersörensä
genitive
Pedersörensä
partitive
Pedersöreään Pedersöreänsä
inessive
Pedersöressään Pedersöressänsä
elative
Pedersörestään Pedersörestänsä
illative
Pedersöreensä
adessive
Pedersörellään Pedersörellänsä
ablative
Pedersöreltään Pedersöreltänsä
allative
Pedersörelleen Pedersörellensä
essive
Pedersörenään Pedersörenänsä
translative
Pedersörekseen Pedersöreksensä
abessive
Pedersörettään Pedersörettänsä
instructive
comitative

#### Derived terms

* pedersöreläinen
# abatis
## English
### Alternative forms

* abattis

### Etymology

From French abatis, abattis (“mass of things beaten or cut down”), from abattre. See abate.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) singular IPA: /ˈæbətiː/, plural IPA: /ˈæbətiːz/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈæbətəs/; also singular IPA: /ˈæbətiː/, plural IPA: /ˈæbətiːz/
* Audio (Canada):(file)

### Noun

abatis (plural abatis or abatises)
* A means of defense formed by felled trees, or sometimes by bent trees, the ends of whose branches are sharpened and directed outwards, or against the enemy, and more recently fortified with barbed wire. [Mid 19th century.]
* (historical) In the Middle Ages, an officer of the stables who had the care of measuring out the provender; an avenor.
* In coal-mining, walls of cord-wood piled up crosswise to keep the underground roads open so as to secure ventilation.

#### Derived terms

* abatised

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abatis”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 2.

### Further reading

* Abatis in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)
* Century Dictionary, volume 1, 1889, page 5

### Anagrams

* Bastia, tabias

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [əˈβa.tis]
* IPA: (Balearic) [əˈba.tis]
* IPA: (Valencia) [aˈba.tis]

### Verb

abatis
* second-person singular present subjunctive of abatre

## Ido
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈbatis/

### Verb

abatis
* past of abatar

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /a.baˈt͡ʃis/
* (Brazil) IPA: /a.baˈt͡ʃis/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /a.baˈt͡ʃiʃ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.bɐˈtiʃ/ [ɐ.βɐˈtiʃ]

### Noun

abatis m (plural abatises)
* abatis (fortification formed by felled trees with sharpened branches)
# claimer
## English
### Etymology

From claim +‎ -er.

### Noun

claimer (plural claimers)
* A person who makes a claim; a claimant.
* A pretender to a royal title.
* A racehorse offered for sale before a race and delivered to the buyer afterwards.
* A claiming race.
** 2002, Paul D. Siegel, How to Own Winning Standardbred Racehorses, page 61:He did not have a proper claiming authorization on file, and contended that the trainer had not asked his permission to enter the horse in a claimer.

#### Derived terms

* counterclaimer

#### Translations

* Bulgarian: претендент (bg) (pretendent)

### Anagrams

* Maricle, Miracle, Ramciel, car mile, miracle, reclaim
# cmentarzysko
## Polish
### Etymology

From cmentarz +‎ -ysko.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡smɛn.taˈʐɘs.kɔ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘskɔ
* Syllabification: cmen‧ta‧rzys‧ko

### Noun

cmentarzysko n
* (archaeology) burial ground, grave field
* (colloquial) wreck yard

#### Related terms

* cmentarny
* cmentarnie
* cmentarz
* cmentarzyk

### Further reading

* cmentarzysko in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* cmentarzysko in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# brawura
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian bravura.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /braˈvu.ra/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ura
* Syllabification: bra‧wu‧ra

### Noun

brawura f
* bravado (ostentatious recklessness; showy, daring behaviour without regard for safety)

#### Derived terms

* brawurowy
* brawurować

#### Related terms

* brawurowo
* brawurowość

### Further reading

* brawura in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* brawura in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# boliwijski
## Polish
### Etymology

From Boliwia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɔ.liˈvij.ski/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ijski
* Syllabification: bo‧li‧wij‧ski

### Adjective

boliwijski (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* Bolivian

#### Declension

$^1$Archaic.

#### Related terms

* Boliwia
* Boliwijczyk
* Boliwijka

### Further reading

* boliwijski in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# Surinamczyk
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /su.riˈnam.t͡ʂɘk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -amt͡ʂɘk
* Syllabification: Su‧ri‧nam‧czyk

### Noun

Surinamczyk m pers (female equivalent Surinamka)
* Surinamese (person)

#### Related terms

* Surinam
* surinamski

### Further reading

* Surinamczyk in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# cabelludo
## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *capillūtus. By surface analysis, cabello +‎ -udo.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kabeˈʝudo/ [ka.β̞eˈʝu.ð̞o]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /kabeˈʝudo/ [ka.β̞eˈʝu.ð̞o]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /kabeˈʎudo/ [ka.β̞eˈʎu.ð̞o]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /kabeˈʃudo/ [ka.β̞eˈʃu.ð̞o]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /kabeˈʒudo/ [ka.β̞eˈʒu.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -udo
* Syllabification: ca‧be‧llu‧do

### Adjective

cabelludo (feminine cabelluda, masculine plural cabelludos, feminine plural cabelludas)
* hairy
    Synonym: peludo
    Antonym: pelado
* long-haired
    Antonym: pelado
* shaggy

#### Derived terms

* cuero cabelludo

### Further reading

* “cabelludo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# cyclodimer
## English
### Etymology

From cyclo- +‎ dimer.

### Noun

cyclodimer (plural cyclodimers)
* (organic chemistry) Any cyclomer (cyclic polymer) formed from two monomers

#### Derived terms

* cyclodimerize
# cyclotrimer
## English
### Etymology

From cyclo- +‎ trimer.

### Noun

cyclotrimer (plural cyclotrimers)
* (organic chemistry) Any cyclomer (cyclic polymer) formed from three monomers

#### Derived terms

* cyclotrimerize
# surinamski
## Polish
### Etymology

From Surinam.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /su.riˈnam.ski/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -amski
* Syllabification: su‧ri‧nam‧ski

### Adjective

surinamski (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* Surinamese

#### Related terms

* Surinam
* Surinamczyk
* Surinamka

### Further reading

* surinamski in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# buntować
## Polish
### Etymology

From bunt +‎ -ować.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bunˈtɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Audio 1; “buntować”:(file)
* Audio 2; “buntować się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: bun‧to‧wać

### Verb

buntować impf (perfective zbuntować)
* (transitive) to call to rebel
* (reflexive with się) to rebel
    Synonym: powstawać

#### Related terms

* buntowniczy
* buntowniczo
* buncik
* bunt
* buntowniczka
* buntowniczość
* buntownik

### Further reading

* buntować in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* buntować in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# mamarracho
## Spanish
### Etymology

From the earlier momarrache under the influence of mamar, itself from the earlier moharrache under the influence of momo (“funny face”), borrowed from Andalusian Arabic مهرج, ultimately from Arabic مُهَرِّج (muharrij).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mamaˈrat͡ʃo/ [ma.maˈra.t͡ʃo]
* Rhymes: -atʃo
* Syllabification: ma‧ma‧rra‧cho

### Noun

mamarracho m (plural mamarrachos)
* (derogatory, colloquial) mess, disaster (something badly made)
** 1972, “Quizás, Porque”, in Vida, performed by Sui Generis:Quizás, porque soy un gran artista / Puedo decir: "Tu pintura está lista" / Y darte orgulloso este mamarracho(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Noun

mamarracho m (plural mamarrachos, feminine mamarracha, feminine plural mamarrachas)
* (derogatory, colloquial) buffoon, clown (ridiculous, badly dressed person)
    Synonyms: adefesio, payaso
** 1878, Benito Pérez Galdós, Un voluntario realista:Eres un mamarracho..., pero chistosísimo... y con esa casaca... y esos humos de general.You are a buffoon..., but hilarious...and with jacket...and that conceit in general
** 2015, Antonio Sosa Sánchez, El viviente y el averno:los mamarrachos continuaban con su locura, como si ya estuvieran ausentes a lo que les rodeaba.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* mamarrachada
* mamarrachento
* mamarrachista

#### Descendants

* → Catalan: mamarratxo

### References

* Coromines, Joan (1961) Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana [Brief etymological dictionary of the Spanish language] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN

### Further reading

* “mamarracho”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# gruz
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish gruz, from Proto-Slavic *gruzъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡrus/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -us
* Syllabification: gruz

### Noun

gruz m inan (related adjective gruzowy)
* (uncountable) rubble (broken remains of an object)
    Coordinate term: rumosz
* (in the plural) ruins
    Synonyms: gruzowisko, ruiny, rumowisko

#### Declension
### Noun

gruz m animal
* (countable, colloquial, derogatory) clunker, junker (decrepit car)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:gruchot

#### Derived terms

* gruzowaty
* gruzować impf
* legać w gruzach impf, lec w gruzach pf
* leżeć w gruzach impf
* podnosić z gruzów impf, podnieść z gruzów pf

#### Related terms

* gruzowisko
* odgruzowywać impf, odgruzować pf
* zagruzować pf
* zgruzować pf

#### Descendants

* → Kashubian: gruzë (calque)

### Further reading

* gruz in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* gruz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# buntowniczość
## Polish
### Etymology

From buntowniczy +‎ -ość.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bun.tɔvˈɲi.t͡ʂɔɕt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -it͡ʂɔɕt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: bun‧tow‧ni‧czość

### Noun

buntowniczość f
* rebelliousness

#### Related terms

* buntowniczy
* buntowniczo
* buncik
* bunt
* buntowniczka
* buntownik
* buntować
* zbuntować

### Further reading

* buntowniczość in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# odnowicielka
## Polish
### Etymology

From odnowiciel +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔd.nɔ.viˈt͡ɕɛl.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛlka
* Syllabification: od‧no‧wi‧ciel‧ka

### Noun

odnowicielka f (male equivalent odnowiciel)
* female equivalent of odnowiciel (“restorer”)

#### Related terms

* odnawiać
* odnowa

### Further reading

* odnowicielka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# cięga
## Polish
### Etymology

Deverbal from ciągać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ɕɛŋ.ɡa/
* Rhymes: -ɛŋɡa
* Syllabification: cię‧ga

### Noun

cięga f
* (obsolete) cut, scar, weal
    Synonyms: pręga, szrama

#### Derived terms

* cięgowy
* cięgi

#### Related terms

* cięgiem
* cięgiel
* cięgota
* cięgocić impf
* cięgotać impf

### Further reading

* cięga in Polish dictionaries at PWN