# Gael
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Irish Gael, alt. Gaol, from earlier Gaoidheal, cognate with Scottish Gaelic Gàidheal and Manx Gael, from Middle Irish Gaídel, from Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”), a loanword from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (also recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff), from Proto-Brythonic *guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”), from Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”), related to *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (cf. Old English wāþ (“hunt”)). Doublet of Goidel, unrelated to Gaul or Gallia.
Medieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡeɪl/
* Rhymes: -eɪl
* Homophones: gale, Gail, Gayle

### Noun

Gael (plural Gaels)
* A member of an ethnic group in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man, whose language is one that is Gaelic.
** 1911, G.K. Chesterton, The Ballad of the White Horse, Book II: The Gathering Of The Chiefs:For the great Gaels of Ireland Are the men that God made mad, For all their wars are merry, And all their songs are sad.

#### Translations
### Proper noun

Gael (plural Gaels)
* An unknown-gender given name.

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 408

### Anagrams

* Gale, Lega, egal, gale, geal, lage, leag

## Irish
### Alternative forms

* Gaedheal (Ulster, otherwise superseded)
* Gaoidheal (superseded)
* Gaol (Munster, in dialect writing)

### Etymology

From Old Irish Goídel, from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (compare Welsh Gwyddel (“Irishman”)), from Proto-Brythonic *guɨðel, from Proto-Celtic *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (compare Old English wāþ (“hunt”)).
Replaced native terms féni (“class of landed Irish freemen”) and fénechas (“matters pertaining to the féni”), though these words survive as féine and féineachas, respectively, and derive ultimately from the same root.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡeːl̪ˠ/, /ɡeːlˠ/

### Noun

Gael m (genitive singular Gaeil, nominative plural Gaeil)
* Gael, Gaelic person
* (~ de chuid na hAlban) (Scottish) Highlander
    Synonyms: duine as an nGàidhealtachd, Híleantóir

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
Gael
Gaeil
vocative
a Ghaeil
a Ghaela
genitive
Gaeil
Gael
dative
Gael
Gaeil
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an Gael
na Gaeil
genitive
an Ghaeil
na nGael
dative
leis an nGael don Ghael
leis na Gaeil :

#### Derived terms

* Cumann Lúthchleas Gael m (“Gaelic Athletic Association”)
* Gaeilge f (“Irish language”)
* Gael-Mheiriceánach (“Irish-American”)
* Gaelach (“Gaelic, native Irish”)
* Gaelachas m (“Irishness”)
* Gaelaigh (“Gaelicize”, verb)
* Gaelainn f (“Irish language”)
* Gaelcholáiste m (“Irish-medium college”)
* Gaelscoil f (“Irish-medium school”)
* Gaeltacht f (“Irish-speaking area”)
* Gaelú m (“Gaelicization”)
* Gall-Ghael m (“Anglo-Irishman”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “Goídel”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 408
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 123

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “Gael”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “Gael”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “Gael”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaˈel/ [ɡaˈel]
* Rhymes: -el
* Syllabification: Ga‧el

### Proper noun

Gael m
* a male given name