OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# cebula
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish cebula, from Middle High German zibolle, zebülle, zwibole, from Late Latin cēpulla, from Latin cēpa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sɛˈbu.la/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ula
* Syllabification: ce‧bu‧la
* Homophone: Cebula

### Noun

cebula f (diminutive cebulka, related adjective cebulowy)
* onion (Allium cepa)
* onion (bulb of this vegetable)
* (botany) bulb (bulb-shaped root)
    cebula tulipana ― tulip bulb
* (architecture) onion-shaped dome of a building
    Hypernym: kopuła
* (colloquial) turnip (old-fashioned pocket watch)

#### Derived terms

* cebulasty
* cebulowaty
* cebulactwo
* cebulanka
* cebularz
* cebulica
* cebulowa

#### Related terms

* cebulkowaty
* cebulkowy
* cebulowatość

#### Descendants

* → Old Ruthenian: цибу́лꙗ (cibúlja)

### Further reading

* cebula in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* cebula in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* cebula in PWN's encyclopedia
# punible
## Spanish
### Etymology

From punir +‎ -ible.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /puˈnible/ [puˈni.β̞le]
* Rhymes: -ible
* Syllabification: pu‧ni‧ble

### Adjective

punible m or f (masculine and feminine plural punibles)
* punishable
    Synonym: castigable

#### Derived terms

* punibilidad

### Further reading

* “punible”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# 摇粒绒
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 摇粒绒 – see 搖粒絨 (“fleece”). (This term is the simplified form of 搖粒絨).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# Ανδρουλάκης
## Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /an.ðɾuˈla.cis/
* Hyphenation: Αν‧δρου‧λά‧κης

### Proper noun

Ανδρουλάκης • (Androulákis) m (plural Ανδρουλάκηδες)
* a male surname, feminine equivalent Ανδρουλάκη (Androuláki)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Ανδρουλάκης on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{el}$
# kriechen
## German
### Etymology

Middle High German kriechen, from Old High German kriochan, from Proto-West Germanic *kreukan, from Proto-Germanic *kreukaną.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʁiːçn̩/, /ˈkʁiːçən/ (Germany)
* Audio:(file)(Germany)
* IPA: /ˈkʁiːçn̩/, /ˈkʁiːçɛn/ (Austria, Southern Germany, Switzerland)

### Verb

kriechen (class 2 strong, third-person singular present kriecht, past tense kroch, past participle gekrochen, past subjunctive kröche, auxiliary sein)
* (intransitive) to creep; to crawl
** 1995, “Du riechst so gut”, in Rammstein (music), Herzeleid, performed by Rammstein:Ein blindes Kind, das vorwärts kriecht / Weil es seine Mutter riechtA blind child who crawls forward / Because it smells its mother

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* ankriechen
* arschkriechen
* auf dem Zahnfleisch kriechen
* auskriechen
* bekriechen
* daherkriechen
* dahinkriechen
* darüberkriechen
* darunterkriechen
* davonkriechen
* drüberkriechen
* drunterkriechen
* durchkriechen
* entlangkriechen
* fortkriechen
* Gekrieche
* herabkriechen
* herankriechen
* heraufkriechen
* herauskriechen
* hereinkriechen
* herkriechen
* herüberkriechen
* herumkriechen
* herunterkriechen
* hervorkriechen
* hinabkriechen
* hinaufkriechen
* hinauskriechen
* hindurchkriechen
* hineinkriechen
* hinkriechen
* hinunterkriechen
* hochkriechen
* in den Arsch kriechen
* Kriechband
* Kriechen
* Kriecher
* Kriecherei
* Kriechgang
* Kriechgehölz
* Kriechgewächs
* Kriechpflanze
* Kriechspur
* Kriechtier
* Kriechtunnel
* loskriechen
* nachkriechen
* raufkriechen
* rauskriechen
* reinkriechen
* rüberkriechen
* rumkriechen
* runterkriechen
* unterkriechen
* verkriechen
* vorbeikriechen
* wegkriechen
* zu Kreuze kriechen
* zukriechen
* zurückkriechen
* zusammenkriechen

### Further reading

* “kriechen” in Duden online
* “kriechen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “kriechen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
# opowiadawczy
## Polish
### Etymology

From opowiadać +‎ -awczy. First attested in 1834.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔ.pɔ.vjaˈdaf.t͡ʂɘ/
* Rhymes: -aft͡ʂɘ
* Syllabification: o‧po‧wia‧daw‧czy

### Adjective

opowiadawczy (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (obsolete) in the form of a short story
* (obsolete) fictional (not based in reality or fact)

#### Derived terms

* opowiadawczość

#### Related terms

* opowiadaniowy
* opowieściowy
* opowiadacz
* opowiadaczka
* opowiadanie
* opowiadanko
* opowiastka
* opowiedacielka
* opowiedź
* opowieść
* opowiedzieć pf, opowiadać impf
* powiedzieć pf, powiadać impf

### References

* ↑ Tygodnik Petersburski‎ (in Polish), volume 5, cz. 9, number 67, 1834 September 13, page 408

### Further reading

* opowiadawczy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# colorational
## English
### Etymology

From coloration +‎ -al.

### Adjective

colorational (not comparable)
* Relating to coloration.
    the colorational differences between species

#### Derived terms

* colorationally
# przełaja
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish przełaja. By surface analysis, deverbal from przełajać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɛˈwa.ja/
* Rhymes: -aja
* Syllabification: prze‧ła‧ja

### Noun

przełaja f
* (obsolete, hunting) ambush for game (wild animals hunted for food)
    Hypernyms: obława, zasadzka

#### Related terms

* przełajowy
* na przełaj
* przełajem
* przełaj
* przełajowiec
* przełajać impf

### Further reading

* przełaja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# coringas
## Portuguese
### Noun

coringas m
* plural of coringa

### Verb

coringas
* second-person singular present indicative of coringar
# walstro
## Dutch
### Etymology

Likely from German Walstroh, from Middle High German wāl (“cradle”) + strō (“straw”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

walstro n (uncountable, diminutive walstrootje n)
* a bedstraw; any plant of the genus Galium

#### Derived terms

* akkerwalstro
* boswalstro
* driehoornig walstro
* Frans walstro
* geel walstro
* glad walstro
* kalkwalstro
* liggend walstro
* moeraswalstro
* noords walstro
* ruw walstro
* straatwalstro
* walstroleeuwenbek

### Further reading

* walstro on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{nl}$
# kyttäillä
## Finnish
### Etymology

kytätä +‎ -illä

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkytːæi̯lːæˣ/, [ˈk̟yt̪ːæi̯lːæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ytːæilːæ
* Hyphenation: kyt‧täil‧lä

### Verb

kyttäillä (colloquial)
* to watch attentively, to keep an eye on, to monitor

#### Derived terms

* kyttäily

### Further reading

* “kyttäillä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# crocket
## English
### Etymology 1

From Middle English croket, from Anglo-Norman croquet (“curl of hair”), from Old Northern French, variant of Old French crochet, diminutive of croc (“hook”), which is also present in English archaically in the architectural sense as crochet, crotchet. Doublet of crochet, croquet, and crotchet.

#### Noun

crocket (plural crockets)
* (architecture) Any of a series of hook-shaped decorative floral elements used in Gothic architecture.

##### Derived terms

* crocketed
* crocketing

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

Etymology unknown.

#### Noun

crocket (plural crockets)
* (obsolete, hunting, dialect, British) The tips of the antlers of an adult stag.

#### References

* Wright, Joseph (1898) The English Dialect Dictionary‎, volume 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 801

### Etymology 3
#### Noun

crocket (plural crockets)
* Archaic spelling of croquette.
# jauhattaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

jauhaa (“to grind”) +‎ -ttaa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjɑu̯hɑtːɑːˣ/, [ˈjɑ̝u̯ɦɑ̝t̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑuhɑtːɑː
* Hyphenation: jau‧hat‧taa

### Verb

jauhattaa
* (transitive) To have something ground.

#### Derived terms

* jauhattaminen
* jauhatus

### Further reading

* “jauhattaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* hajauttaa
# ciudadanía
## Asturian
### Etymology

From ciudadanu +‎ -ía.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /θjudadaˈnia/ [θju.ð̞a.ð̞aˈni.a]
* Hyphenation: ciu‧da‧da‧ní‧a

### Noun

ciudadanía f (plural ciudadaníes)
* citizenship (state of being a citizen)

## Spanish
### Etymology

From ciudadano +‎ -ía.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /θjudadaˈnia/ [θju.ð̞a.ð̞aˈni.a]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /sjudadaˈnia/ [sju.ð̞a.ð̞aˈni.a]
* Rhymes: -ia
* Syllabification: ciu‧da‧da‧ní‧a

### Noun

ciudadanía f (plural ciudadanías)
* citizenship
* citizenry

#### Derived terms

* carta de ciudadanía

### Further reading

* “ciudadanía”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# baleriin
## Estonian
### Etymology

From Italian ballerina.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /b̥ɑleˈriːn/, [b̥ɑleˈriːn]
* Rhymes: -iːn
* Hyphenation: ba‧le‧riin

### Noun

baleriin (genitive baleriini, partitive baleriini)
* ballerina

#### Compounds

* priimabaleriin

#### Related terms

* baleriina

### References

* baleriin in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
* “baleriin”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
# každoročně
## Czech
### Etymology

From každoroční +‎ -ě.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkaʒdorot͡ʃɲɛ]
* Hyphenation: kaž‧do‧roč‧ně

### Adverb

každoročně (not comparable)
* annually

#### Related terms

* každoroční
* ročně

#### See also

* každodenně

### Further reading

* “každoročně”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “každoročně”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “každoročně”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# triboluminescência
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From tribo- +‎ luminescência.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˌtɾi.bo.lu.mi.neˈsẽ.si.ɐ/ [ˌtɾi.bo.lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sɪ.ɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ˌtɾi.bo.lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sjɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˌtɾi.bo.lu.mi.neˈsẽ.si.ɐ/ [ˌtɾi.bo.lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sɪ.ɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ˌtɾi.bo.lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sjɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˌtɾi.bo.lu.mi.neˈsẽ.si.a/ [ˌtɾi.bo.lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sɪ.a], (faster pronunciation) /ˌtɾi.bo.lu.mi.neˈsẽ.sja/
* (Portugal) IPA: (careful pronunciation) /ˌtɾi.bɔ.lu.mi.nɨʃˈsẽ.sjɐ/ [ˌtɾi.βɔ.lu.mi.nɨʃˈsẽ.sjɐ], /ˌtɾi.bɔ.lu.mi.nɨˈʃẽ.sjɐ/ [ˌtɾi.βɔ.lu.mi.nɨˈʃẽ.sjɐ]
* Rhymes: -ẽsiɐ, -ẽsjɐ
* Hyphenation: tri‧bo‧lu‧mi‧nes‧cên‧ci‧a

### Noun

triboluminescência f (plural triboluminescências)
* (physics) triboluminescence

#### Related terms

* triboluminescente

### Further reading

* “triboluminescência”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “triboluminescência”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “triboluminescência”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
* “triboluminescência”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
# agua bendita
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌaɡwa benˈdita/ [ˌa.ɣ̞wa β̞ẽn̪ˈd̪i.t̪a]
* Syllabification: a‧gua ben‧di‧ta

### Noun

agua bendita f (uncountable)
* (Christianity) holy water

#### Derived terms

* mear agua bendita

#### Descendants

* → Tagalog: agwa bendita

#### See also

* aspersorio
* hisopo

### Further reading

* “agua bendita”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# alkanoate
## English
### Etymology

From alkanoic +‎ -ate.

### Noun

alkanoate (plural alkanoates)
* (organic chemistry) Any salt or ester formed from the reaction of an alkanoic acid and alkanol

#### Derived terms

* perfluoroalkanoate
# železárna
## Czech
### Etymology

From železo (“iron”) +‎ -árna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʒɛlɛzaːrna]
* Rhymes: -aːrna
* Hyphenation: že‧le‧zár‧na

### Noun

železárna f (relational adjective železárenský)
* ironworks

#### Related terms

* železář
* železářství
* železn
* železoý

### Further reading

* “železárna”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “železárna”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “železárna”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# dupárna
## Czech
### Etymology

From dupat +‎ -árna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdupaːrna]
* Rhymes: -aːrna

### Noun

dupárna f
* honky-tonk

#### Related terms

* dupat

### Further reading

* “dupárna”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “dupárna”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “dupárna”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# colinearity
## English
### Noun

colinearity (countable and uncountable, plural colinearities)
* Alternative form of collinearity

#### Derived terms

* macrocolinearity
# carismus
## Czech
### Alternative forms

* carizmus

### Etymology

From car (“tsar”) +‎ -ismus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡sarɪzmus]
* Rhymes: -ɪzmus
* Hyphenation: ca‧ri‧s‧mus

### Noun

carismus m inan
* tsarism (system of government ruled by a tsar)
    Synonym: carství

#### Related terms

* car m anim
* carevič m anim
* carevna f
* carista m anim
* caristický
* carství n

### Further reading

* “carismus”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “carismus”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “carismus” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “carismus”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# moštárna
## Czech
### Etymology

From mošt +‎ -árna.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmoʃtaːrna]
* Rhymes: -aːrna

### Noun

moštárna f
* cider plant, juicing plant

#### Related terms

* mošt
# slezština
## Czech
### Etymology

From slezský (“Silesian”) +‎ -ština.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈslɛsʃcɪna]
* Rhymes: -ɪna
* Hyphenation: slez‧šti‧na

### Noun

slezština f
* Silesian (West Slavic language spoken in southwestern parts of Poland and the Czech Republic)
* Silesian German (West Germanic language or dialect spoken in southwestern parts of what is now Poland)
    Synonym: slezská němčina
* (Czech dialectology) Silesian dialect group

#### Related terms

* Slez m
* Slezačka f
* Slezan m
* Slezanka f
* Slezák m
* Slezsko n
* slezský
* Slezy m

### Further reading

* “slezština”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
# пшано
## Belarusian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic пьшено (pĭšeno), from Proto-Slavic *pьšeno, from Proto-Indo-European *pis-en-om, from *peys- (“grind, crush”), whence English pistil.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʂaˈno]
* Rhymes: -o

### Noun

пшано́ • (pšanó) n inan (genitive пшана́, uncountable)
* millet

#### Related terms

* пшані́ца (pšaníca)

### Further reading

* “пшано” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
# prd
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpr̩t]
* Rhymes: -r̩t

### Noun

prd m inan
* (vulgar) fart
    Synonym: pšouk
* (vulgar) fuck all

#### Related terms

* prdel
* prdelka
* tlustoprd
* prdět

### Further reading

* “prd”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “prd”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “prd”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pr̩t]

### Noun

prd m inan
* (vulgar) fart

#### Related terms

* prdieť

### Further reading

* “prd”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# satsu
## Basque
### Etymology

From sats (“ordure”) +‎ -tsu.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /s̺at͡s̺u/ [s̺a.t͡s̺u]
* IPA: (most dialects) /s̺at͡s̺u/ [s̺a.t͡s̺u]
* IPA: (Biscayan) /s̺at͡s̻u/ [s̺a.t͡s̻u]
* Rhymes: -ats̺u
* Rhymes: -ats̺u
* Rhymes: -ats̻u
* Hyphenation: sa‧tsu

### Adjective

satsu (comparative satsuago, superlative satsuen, excessive satsuegi)
* dirty
    Synonyms: zikin, lohi

#### Derived terms

* satsudura (“contamination”)
* satsukeria (“dirtiness, filth”)
* satsutasun
* satsutu (“to dirty”)

### Further reading

* “satsu”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
* “satsu”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

## Japanese
### Romanization

satsu
* Rōmaji transcription of さつ
# disoblige
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French desobliger. By surface analysis, dis- +‎ oblige.

### Verb

disoblige (third-person singular simple present disobliges, present participle disobliging, simple past and past participle disobliged)
* (British) to be unwilling to oblige; to disappoint, to inconvenience, not to cooperate.
    Sorry to disoblige everybody; I know you were depending on me to bring a good weather forecast for our fête, but it is going to rain.
** 1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter I, in Mansfield Park: […], volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 2:But Miss Frances married, in the common phrase, to disoblige her family, and by fixing on a Lieutenant of Marines, without education, fortune, or connexions, did it very thoroughly.
* (British) To offend by an act of unkindness or incivility.

#### Antonyms

* oblige

#### Derived terms

* disobliger
# вымагаць
## Belarusian
### Etymology

From вы- (vy-) +‎ магчы́ (mahčý) +‎ -аць (-acʹ). Compare Polish wymagać, Russian вымога́ть (vymogátʹ) and Ukrainian вимага́ти (vymaháty).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [vɨmaˈɣat͡sʲ]
* Rhymes: -at͡sʲ

### Verb

вымага́ць • (vymahácʹ) impf
* to require, to demand, to expect (specify as a requirement)
* to require, to demand, to call for (necessitate)
* to extort

#### Derived terms

* вымага́нне n (vymahánnje)

### References

* “вымагаць” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
# escamole
## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* escamol

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl āzcamōlli (“dish of ant larvae”), from āzcatl (“ant”) + mōlli (“stew”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskaˈmole/ [es.kaˈmo.le]
* Rhymes: -ole
* Syllabification: es‧ca‧mo‧le

### Noun

escamole m (plural escamoles)
* (usually in the plural, Mexico) the larvae of certain ants eaten as a delicacy

#### Related terms

* mole

### Further reading

* “escamole”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* escamole on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{es}$
* escamol on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# potwierdzać
## Polish
### Etymology

From potwierdzić +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔˈtfjɛr.d͡zat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛrd͡zat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: po‧twier‧dzać

### Verb

potwierdzać impf (perfective potwierdzić)
* (transitive) to confirm, to corroborate (to assure the accuracy of previous statements)
    Synonyms: poświadczać, przyświadczać, zaświadczać
    potwierdzać na policji ― to confirm with the police
    potwierdzać eksperymentalnie ― to confirm experimentally
* (transitive) to make certain of something, to reassure about something
    potwierdzać przyjazd ― to confirm one's arrival
    potwierdzać swoją obecność ― to confirm one's attendance
* (transitive) to agree to something, to concede to someone
    Synonyms: przyświadczać, przytwierdzać
    potwierdzać skinieniem głowy ― to confirm with a nod
    nie potwierdzać i nie zaprzeczać ― neither confirm nor deny
* (transitive) to confirm (to sign a statement of receipt of some thing or state it verbally)
    potwierdzać odbiór przesyłki ― to confirm receipt of the shipment
    potwierdzać listownie ― to confirm by letter
    potwierdzać telefonicznie ― to confirm by phone
* (reflexive with się, impersonal) to be confirmed, to be corroborated (to turn out to be true)
    wszystko się potwierdza ― all is confirmed
* (reflexive with się) to confirm one's suitability for something, to prove oneself in an activity
    Synonym: sprawdzać się
    potwierdzać się w czyichś oczach ― to prove oneself in someone else's eyes

#### Related terms

* potwierdzenie

### Further reading

* potwierdzać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* potwierdzać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# escaecer
## Asturian
### Alternative forms

* escaicer
* esqueicer
* isqueicer
* esquicer

### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *excadescere, derived ultimately from Latin cadere (“fall”). Compare Portuguese esquecer.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskaeˈθeɾ/ [es.ka.eˈθeɾ]

### Verb

escaecer (first-person singular indicative present escaezo, past participle escaecíu)
* to forget
    Synonym: olvidar

#### Related terms

* cayer

## Spanish
### Etymology

Perhaps from descaecer (“id.”) with a substitution of prefix.
Old Spanish had another escaecer which meant "forget" and was cognate to the Asturian word above, as well as to the Portuguese esquecer, also meaning "to forget".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /eskaeˈθeɾ/ [es.ka.eˈθeɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /eskaeˈseɾ/ [es.ka.eˈseɾ]
* Rhymes: -eɾ
* Syllabification: es‧ca‧e‧cer

### Verb

escaecer (first-person singular present escaezco, first-person singular preterite escaecí, past participle escaecido)
* to weaken
    Synonym: debilitar

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Related terms

* caer

### Further reading

* “escaecer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# disruptor
## English
### Etymology

From disrupt +‎ -or.

### Noun

disruptor (plural disruptors)
* Alternative spelling of disrupter

#### Derived terms

* chronodisruptor
* endocrine disruptor
* infodisruptor

## Ido
### Verb

disruptor
* future infinitive of disruptar

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /disrubˈtoɾ/ [d̪iz.ruβ̞ˈt̪oɾ]
* Rhymes: -oɾ
* Syllabification: dis‧rup‧tor

### Noun

disruptor m (plural disruptores)
* disrupter
** 2015 September 20, “La ropa usada se cotiza”, in El País‎:Por eso no es casualidad que entre los asesores de esta compañía se encuentre Brian Swette, que fue director de Operaciones de eBay. Reed Hastings, fundador del videoclub online Netflix, considerado uno de los grandes disruptores de la era digital, es otro de los asesores de ThredUP. Highland Capital, Trinity Ventures, Redpoint Venture y Highland Capital Partners olieron hace tiempo el dinero.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
# discoid
## English
### Etymology

From disc +‎ -oid.

### Adjective

discoid (comparative more discoid, superlative most discoid)
* Shaped like a disc/disk.
* (botany, of a capitulum) Having only disk florets, without petal-like ray florets.

#### Synonyms

* discal (in its matching sense)

#### Derived terms

* discoidal

#### Related terms

* disco-
* disko-

#### Translations
### Noun

discoid (plural discoids)
* (dentistry) A disk-shaped dental excavator designed to remove the carious dentin of a decayed tooth

### Anagrams

* disodic

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French discoïde.

### Adjective

discoid m or n (feminine singular discoidă, masculine plural discoizi, feminine and neuter plural discoide)
* discoid