# 援助
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuánzhù
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ ㄓㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun$^4$ zo$^6$ / wun$^4$ zo$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): yèn-chhu / yàn-chhu
    (Hailu, HRS): rhan cu$^˖$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): oan-chō͘ / oān-chō͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iêng$^6$ zo$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuánzhù
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ ㄓㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuánjhù
*** Wade–Giles: yüan$^2$-chu$^4$
*** Yale: ywán-jù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuanjuh
*** Palladius: юаньчжу (juanʹčžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$原著 圓柱／圆柱 援助
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^4$ zo$^6$ / wun$^4$ zo$^6$
*** Yale: yùhn joh / wùhn joh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^4$ dzo$^6$ / wun$^4$ dzo$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^4$ zo$^6$ / wun$^4$ zo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn²¹ t͡sɔː²²/, /wuːn²¹ t͡sɔː²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèn-chhu
*** Hakka Romanization System: ien$^ˇ$ cu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yan$^2$ cu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯en¹¹ t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàn-chhu
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian$^ˇ$ cu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yan$^2$ cu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an¹¹ t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: rhan cu$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʒan⁵⁵ t͡sʰu³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oan-chō͘
*** Tâi-lô: uan-tsōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oanzo
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /uan³³ t͡sɔ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oān-chō͘
*** Tâi-lô: uān-tsōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oaxnzo
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /uan²²⁻²¹ t͡sɔ²²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan³³⁻²¹ t͡sɔ³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /uan³³⁻¹¹ t͡sɔ³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iêng$^6$ zo$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iĕng tsŏ
*** Sinological IPA : /ieŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡so³⁵/

### Verb

援助
* to aid; to support

#### Synonyms

* 佐理 (zuǒlǐ) (literary, with a task)
* 使勁／使劲 (shǐjìn)
* 加勢／加势 (jiāshì)
* 助 (zhù)
* 助力 (zhùlì)
* 助理 (zhùlǐ)
* 助益 (zhùyì) (literary)
* 匡助 (kuāngzhù) (literary)
* 協助／协助 (xiézhù)
* 參佐／参佐 (cānzuǒ) (literary)
* 增援 (zēngyuán, “to provide reinforcements”)
* 幫／帮 (bāng)
* 幫助／帮助 (bāngzhù)
* 幫同／帮同 (bāngtóng) (literary)
* 幫寸／帮寸 (bāngcùn)
* 幫帶／帮带 (bāngdài)
* 幫忙／帮忙 (bāngmáng)
* 幫手／帮手 (bong$^1$ sau$^2$) (Cantonese)
* 幫扶／帮扶 (bāngfú)
* 幫襯／帮衬 (bāngchèn)
* 幫贈／帮赠 (Hokkien)
* 扶
* 扶助 (fúzhù)
* 扶持 (fúchí)
* 扶掖 (fúyè) (formal)
* 拉巴 (dialectal)
* 挺 (tǐng)
* 𢯭手 (Hakka)
* 支助 (zhīzhù) (literary)
* 支持 (zhīchí)
* 支援 (zhīyuán)
* 救 (jiù)
* 相幫／相帮 (xiāngbāng) (dialectal)
* 相輔／相辅 (Teochew)
* 翼 (yì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 聲援／声援 (shēngyuán, “to express support for”)
* 臂助 (bìzhù) (literary)
* 補益／补益 (bǔyì)
* 補臺／补台 (bǔtái) (mainland China)
* 贈力／赠力 (Hokkien)
* 贈助／赠助 (Hokkien)
* 贊喙／赞喙 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
* 贈手／赠手 (Hokkien)
* 贊聲／赞声 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
* 輔助／辅助 (fǔzhù)
* 陪 (péi) (literary, or in compounds)
* 鬥幫贈／斗帮赠 (Hokkien)
* 鬥相共／斗相共 (Hokkien)
* 鬥跤手／斗跤手 (Hokkien)
* 鬥跤搭／斗跤搭 (Hokkien)

### Noun

援助
* aid; support
    人道主義援助／人道主义援助 ― réndàozhǔyì yuánzhù ― humanitarian aid

#### Synonyms

* (literary) 援手 (yuánshǒu)

### Derived terms

* 司法援助 (sīfǎ yuánzhù)
* 法律援助 (fǎlǜ yuánzhù)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 援助(えんじょ) (enjo)
* → Korean: 원조(援助) (wonjo)
* → Vietnamese: viện trợ (援助)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 援 | 助 |
| えん Grade: S | じょ Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) えんじょ [éꜜǹjò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑo̞]

### Noun

援(えん)助(じょ) • (enjo)
* assistance, aid

#### Derived terms

* 援助交際(えんじょこうさい) (enjo kōsai)

### Verb

援(えん)助(じょ)する • (enjo suru) transitive suru (stem 援(えん)助(じょ)し (enjo shi), past 援(えん)助(じょ)した (enjo shita))
* assist, support

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 援助し | えんじょし | enjo shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 援助し | えんじょし | enjo shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 援助する | えんじょする | enjo suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 援助する | えんじょする | enjo suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 援助すれ | えんじょすれ | enjo sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 援助せよ¹ 援助しろ² | えんじょせよ¹ えんじょしろ² | enjo seyo¹ enjo shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 援助される | えんじょされる | enjo sareru |
| Causative | 援助させる 援助さす | えんじょさせる えんじょさす | enjo saseru enjo sasu |
| Potential | 援助できる | えんじょできる | enjo dekiru |
| Volitional | 援助しよう | えんじょしよう | enjo shiyō |
| Negative | 援助しない | えんじょしない | enjo shinai |
| Negative continuative | 援助せず | えんじょせず | enjo sezu |
| Formal | 援助します | えんじょします | enjo shimasu |
| Perfective | 援助した | えんじょした | enjo shita |
| Conjunctive | 援助して | えんじょして | enjo shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 援助すれば | えんじょすれば | enjo sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 援 | 助 |

### Noun

援助 • (wonjo) (hangeul 원조)
* hanja form of 원조 (“aid; assistance; support”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 援 | 助 |

### Verb

援助
* chữ Hán form of viện trợ (“to aid; to support”).