OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# należy
## Polish
### Etymology

From należeć +‎ -y.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /naˈlɛ.ʐɘ/
* Audio 1; “należy”:(file)
* Audio 2; “należy”:(file)
* Audio 3; “należy się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛʐɘ
* Syllabification: na‧le‧ży

### Verb

należy impf (defective)
* (intransitive, impersonal) expresses the goodness of the following verb; it is needed, one ought to [with infinitive]
    Synonyms: trza, trzeba
* (intransitive, impersonal) expresses the naturalness or obviousness of the following verb; ought to, must [with infinitive]
    Synonyms: trza, trzeba
    należy wiedzieć ― you ought to know

#### Derived terms

* jak należy

#### Related terms

* należny
* należyty
* należeć impf
* należeć się od życia impf

### Verb

należy impf
* third-person singular present of należeć

### Further reading

* należy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* należy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# elegance
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French élégance, from Latin ēlegantia (“exquisiteness; refinement, elegance”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛl.ɪ.ɡəns/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Hyphenation: el‧e‧gance

### Noun

elegance (usually uncountable, plural elegances)
* Grace, refinement, and beauty in movement, appearance, or manners.
    The bride was elegance personified.
* Restraint and grace of style.
    The simple dress had a quiet elegance.
* The beauty of an idea characterized by minimalism and intuitiveness while preserving exactness and precision.
    The proof of the theorem had a pleasing elegance.
* (countable, dated) A refinement or luxury.
** 1852, Various, Young Americans Abroad‎:As to the comforts and elegances of life, we have enough of them for our good.
** 1881, Isaac D'Israeli, Curiosities of Literature, Vol. 1‎:At Rome, when Sallust was the fashionable writer, short sentences, uncommon words, and an obscure brevity, were affected as so many elegances.
** 1909, E. Phillips Oppenheim, chapter 10, in The Governors‎:Phineas Duge […] was, for a man of affairs and an American, singularly fond of the small elegances of life. Although he sat alone at dinner, the table was heaped with choice flowers and carefully selected hothouse fruit.

#### Derived terms

* creeping elegance
* elegancy
* overelegance
* piss-elegance
* superelegance

#### Related terms

* elegant

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɛlɛɡant͡sɛ]

### Noun

elegance f
* elegance

#### Related terms

* elegantní
* elegán

### Further reading

* “elegance”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “elegance”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “elegance”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# submarinista
## Catalan
### Alternative forms

* submariniste m

### Etymology

From submarí +‎ -ista.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [sum.mə.ɾiˈnis.tə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [sub.ma.ɾiˈnis.ta]
* Rhymes: -ista

### Adjective

submarinista m or f (masculine and feminine plural submarinistes)
* underwater

### Noun

submarinista m or f by sense (plural submarinistes)
* diver, scuba diver
* submariner

#### Related terms

* submarinisme

### Further reading

* “submarinista” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “submarinista” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “submarinista”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
* “submarinista” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Spanish
### Etymology

From submarino +‎ -ista.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /submaɾiˈnista/ [suβ̞.ma.ɾiˈnis.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -ista
* Syllabification: sub‧ma‧ri‧nis‧ta

### Adjective

submarinista m or f (masculine and feminine plural submarinistas)
* underwater

### Noun

submarinista m or f by sense (plural submarinistas)
* diver, scuba diver
** 2015 October 24, “Dos robots submarinos buscan el helicóptero desaparecido”, in El País‎:Los submarinistas llegaron a bordo del barco Camino español, que ha recalado en la zona del accidente este sábado, casi dos días después de producirse el siniestro.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* submariner

#### Related terms

* submarinismo

### Further reading

* “submarinista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# swept the deck
## English
### Verb

swept the deck
* simple past and past participle of sweep the deck
# alkalization
## English
### Etymology

From alkali +‎ -ization.

### Noun

alkalization (countable and uncountable, plural alkalizations)
* Synonym of alkalinization

#### Derived terms

* realkalization
# przyjeżdżać
## Polish
### Etymology

From przy- +‎ jeździć +‎ -ać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɘˈjɛʐ.d͡ʐat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛʐd͡ʐat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: przy‧jeż‧dżać

### Verb

przyjeżdżać impf (perfective przyjechać)
* (intransitive, of a person) to come (to arrive by driving or riding)
* (intransitive, of a vehicle) to come (to arrive)

#### Related terms

* przyjazd

### Further reading

* przyjeżdżać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* przyjeżdżać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# osamocený
## Czech
### Etymology

From osamocen +‎ ý, from the verb osamotit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈosamot͡sɛniː]

### Adjective

osamocený (comparative osamocenější, superlative nejosamocenější, adverb osamoceně)
* isolated
* alone
* lonely

#### Synonyms

* izolovaný
* ojedinělý
* opuštěný
* osamělý
* samotný

### Further reading

* “osamocený”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “osamocený”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “osamocený”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# esperma
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sperma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [əsˈpɛr.mə]
* IPA: (Balearic) [əsˈpər.mə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [esˈpeɾ.ma]

### Noun

esperma f (plural espermes)
* sperm

#### Derived terms

* espelma
* espermàtic

#### Related terms

* espermato-

### Further reading

* “esperma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
* “esperma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /isˈpɛʁ.mɐ/ [isˈpɛɦ.mɐ], /esˈpɛʁ.mɐ/ [esˈpɛɦ.mɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /isˈpɛʁ.mɐ/ [isˈpɛɦ.mɐ], /esˈpɛʁ.mɐ/ [esˈpɛɦ.mɐ]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /isˈpɛɾ.mɐ/, /esˈpɛɾ.mɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃˈpɛʁ.mɐ/, /eʃˈpɛʁ.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /esˈpɛɻ.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃˈpɛɾ.mɐ/
* Hyphenation: es‧per‧ma

### Noun

esperma m (plural espermas)
* sperm (semen (fluid))

#### Related terms

* espermático

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin sperma.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /esˈpeɾma/ [esˈpeɾ.ma]
* Rhymes: -eɾma
* Syllabification: es‧per‧ma

### Noun

esperma m or f same meaning (plural espermas)
* sperm (cell)
* sperm (seminal fluid)
    Synonym: semen
* spermaceti (waxy substance extracted from the head of a sperm whale)
    Synonym: esperma de ballena
* wax (of a candle, especially liquid)
    Synonym: cera

#### Usage notes

* In the sense "sperm", usually masculine; in the sense "spermaceti" and "wax", usually feminine.

#### Derived terms

* esperma de ballena

### Further reading

* “esperma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* espelma — obsolete

### Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish esperma de ballena (“spermaceti”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /ʔesˈpeɾma/ [ʔɛsˈpɛɾ.mɐ]
* Rhymes: -eɾma
* Syllabification: es‧per‧ma

### Noun

esperma (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜐ᜔ᜉᜒᜇ᜔ᜋ)
* spermaceti
* candle made from spermaceti
* semen; sperm
    Synonyms: tamod, semilya

#### Related terms

* kandila

### Further reading

* “esperma”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
# corrimiento
## Spanish
### Etymology

From correr (“to flow”) +‎ -imiento.

### Noun

corrimiento m (plural corrimientos)
* slide (of land, snow etc.)
* rheumatism
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 308:Algunas personas del campo usan todavía anillos de cobre para curar el corrimiento.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* corrimiento de tierra
* hoja de corrimiento

### Further reading

* “corrimiento”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# fertylizyna
## Polish
### Etymology

Internationalism; compare English fertilizin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɛr.tɘ.liˈzɘ.na/
* Rhymes: -ɘna
* Syllabification: fer‧ty‧li‧zy‧na

### Noun

fertylizyna f
* (biology) fertilizin

#### Derived terms

* antyfertylizyna

### Further reading

* fertylizyna in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# moflete
## Spanish
### Etymology

From Occitan moflet, of onomatopoeic origin.

### Noun

moflete m (plural mofletes)
* chubby cheek; fat cheek

#### Derived terms

* mofletudo

### Further reading

* “moflete”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# gotten on the stick
## English
### Verb

gotten on the stick
* past participle of get on the stick
# kuting
## Bikol Central
### Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutiŋ. Compare Cebuano & Tagalog kuting, Indonesian & Malay kucing.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kuˈtiŋ/ [kuˈtiŋ]
* Hyphenation: ku‧ting

### Noun

kutíng (Basahan spelling ᜃᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔)
* kitten
    Coordinate term: ikos

#### See also

* ugbon

## Cebuano
### Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutiŋ. Compare Bikol Central & Tagalog kuting, Indonesian & Malay kucing.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ku‧ting
* IPA: /kuˈtiŋ/ [kʊˈt̪iŋ]

### Noun

kutíng (Badlit spelling ᜃᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔)
* kitten
* bedbug
    Synonyms: dugho, tugho, tughok

## Kapampangan
### Alternative forms

* cuting (Súlat Bacúlud, Ámung Sámson)

### Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutiŋ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʊˈtiŋ/ [kʊˈtiŋ]
* Hyphenation: ku‧ting
* Rhymes: -iŋ

### Noun

kuting
* kitten

## Tagalog
### Alternative forms

* coting, cuting — obsolete, Spanish-based orthography

### Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kutíŋ. Cognate of Bikol Central & Cebuano kuting, Indonesian and Malay kucing, and Tausug kuting/كوتىڭ.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /kuˈtiŋ/ [kʊˈt̪iŋ]
* Rhymes: -iŋ
* Syllabification: ku‧ting

### Noun

kutíng (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜆᜒᜅ᜔)
* kitten
    Synonym: muning

### Further reading

* “kuting”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

### Anagrams

* tungki
# półuśmiech
## Polish
### Etymology

From pół- +‎ uśmiech.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /puwˈu.ɕmjɛx/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -uɕmjɛx
* Syllabification: pół‧u‧śmiech

### Noun

półuśmiech m inan (diminutive półuśmieszek)
* (literary) half smile
    Hypernym: uśmiech

#### Related terms

* półuśmiechnięty

### Further reading

* półuśmiech in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* półuśmiech in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* półuśmiech in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# cyrkiel
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Zirkel. Doublet of cyrkuł.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡sɘr.kjɛl/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘrkjɛl
* Syllabification: cyr‧kiel
* Homophone: Cyrkiel

### Noun

cyrkiel m inan
* compass, pair of compasses (device used with a pencil to draw an arc or circle on paper)
* (dated, dialectal) police station
    Synonym: cyrkuł
* (dated) lower horizontal part of a dress or coat

#### Related terms

* cyrk
* cyrklowanie
* wycyrklowanie
* cyrklować
* wycyrklować

### Further reading

* cyrkiel in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* cyrkiel in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# a saber
## Portuguese
### Adverb

a saber
* (idiomatic) namely, i.e., to wit; that is to say

## Spanish
### Adverb

a saber
* (idiomatic) namely, i.e., to wit; that is to say

### Phrase

a saber
* (idiomatic) you tell me, goodness knows, who knows

#### Related terms

* vete a saber

### See also

* o sea

### Further reading

* “a saber”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# przekładca
## Polish
### Etymology

From przekładać +‎ -ca. First attested in 1772.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɛˈkwat.t͡sa/
* Rhymes: -att͡sa
* Syllabification: prze‧kład‧ca

### Noun

przekładca m pers
* (obsolete, translation studies) translator
    Synonym: tłumacz

#### Related terms

* przekładalny
* przekładkowy
* przekładnikowy
* przekładniowy
* przekładny
* przekładowczy
* przekładowy
* przekładkowo
* przekładowo
* przekład
* przekładacz
* przekładalność
* przekładaniec
* przekładanka
* przekładka
* przekładnia
* przekładnica
* przekładnik
* przekładność
* przekładowca
* przekładowczyni
* przekładowość
* przekładzina
* kładać impf
* kłaść impf
* przekładać impf
* przekłaść pf

### References

* ↑ Michal Abraham Troc (1772) Nouveau dictionnaire francois, allemand et polonois (etc.)‎ (in Polish), Johann Friedrich Gleditsch, page 163

### Further reading

* przekładca in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1912), “przekładca”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw, page 109
* przekładca in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# losing the bell
## English
### Verb

losing the bell
* present participle and gerund of lose the bell
# Munition
## German
### Etymology

From French munition, from Latin mūnitiō (“a defence, fortification”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [muniˈt͡si̯oːn]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: Mu‧ni‧ti‧on

### Noun

Munition f (genitive Munition, plural Munitionen)
* (usually in the singular) ammunition, munition
    Synonyms: Schießbedarf, Geschossmaterial, Geschoßvorrat

#### Hyponyms

* Granate, Kanonenkugel, Mine, Patrone, Pfeil
* Brandmunition, Gewehrmunition, Leuchtmunition, Leuchtspurmunition, Uranmunition

#### Related terms

* Munitionsbunker
* Munitionsfabrik
* Munitionsgürtel
* Munitionskammer
* Munitionslager
* Munitionsnachschub
* Munitionstasche
* Munitionstransport

### Further reading

* “Munition” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Munition” in Duden online
* “Munition” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
# złoty deszcz
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “golden rain/shower”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzwɔ.tɘ ˈdɛʂt͡ʂ/
* Syllabification: zło‧ty deszcz

### Noun

złoty deszcz m inan
* (idiomatic, slang, pornography) golden shower (sexual act)
    Synonyms: chiński deszczyk, pissing
* (colloquial) golden chain, golden rain, laburnum (any tree of genus Laburnum)
    Synonyms: (regional) złotodeszcz, złotokap

#### Related terms

* złotodeszcz

### Further reading

* złoty deszcz in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* złoty deszcz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# istny
## Polish
### Etymology

From isty +‎ -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈist.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -istnɘ
* Syllabification: ist‧ny

### Adjective

istny (not comparable, derived adverb istnie)
* true, quintessential
    istny raj ― true paradise

#### Related terms

* istnieć
* istota
* istotny

### Pronoun

istny m
* (Poznań) that, the aforementioned
    Synonym: ów

### Noun

istny m pers
* (Poznań, humorous) fiancé
    Synonym: narzeczony

### Further reading

* istny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* istny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# trouwen
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtrɑu̯ə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: trou‧wen
* Rhymes: -ɑu̯ən

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch trouwen, from Old Dutch *triuwon, from Proto-Germanic *trewwāną. Equivalent to trouw (“loyality”) +‎ -en or trouw (“faithful, loyal”) +‎ -en.

#### Verb

trouwen
* (ergative) to marry
    Ze zijn gisteren getrouwd.They married yesterday.
    Wil je met me trouwen?Will you marry me?
* (transitive, obsolete) to trust

##### Derived terms

* betrouwen
* hertrouwen
* trouwen met de handschoen
* trouwerij
* trouwring
* vertrouwen
* zo zijn we niet getrouwd

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: trou
* Berbice Creole Dutch: trou
* Jersey Dutch: trāue
* Negerhollands: trouw, trou, trow
* Petjo: trouwerasie
* Skepi Creole Dutch: trou
* → Sranan Tongo: trow
** → Aukan: toow
** → Kari'na: trowma

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

trouwen
* plural of trouw

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology 1

From Old Dutch *triuwon. Equivalent to trouwe +‎ -en.

#### Verb

trouwen
* to marry
* to arrange the marriage of, to marry off

##### Alternative forms

* truwen

##### Descendants

* Dutch: trouwen
* Limburgish: troewe, trójje

### Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *trūon, from Proto-Germanic *trūōną.

#### Verb

trouwen
* (rare) to trust

##### Inflection
### Further reading

* “trouwen (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “trouwen (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “trouwen (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
# stood in the gate
## English
### Verb

stood in the gate
* simple past and past participle of stand in the gate
# infratrochlear
## English
### Etymology

From infra- +‎ trochlear.

### Pronunciation

* (General American) IPA: /ˌɪn.fɹəˈtɹɑk.li.ɚ/
* Rhymes: -ɒkliə(ɹ)

### Adjective

infratrochlear (not comparable)
* (anatomy) Below a trochlea; applied especially to one of the subdivisions of the trigeminal nerve.
    Antonym: supratrochlear
    infratrochlear axis
    infratrochlear artery
    infratrochlear vessel

#### Derived terms

* infratrochlear nerve

### References

* “infratrochlear”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# a distancia
## Spanish
### Adverb

a distancia
* at a distance; from a distance; aloof

#### Derived terms

* relación a distancia

### Further reading

* “a distancia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# pehertää
## Finnish
### Etymology 1

Sound-symbolic; compare pehu.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpehertæːˣ/, [ˈpe̞ɦe̞rt̪æː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ehertæː
* Hyphenation: pe‧her‧tää

#### Verb

pehertää
* to dustbathe (of fowl, to take a dust bath)

##### Synonyms

* kylpeä hiekassa
* ottaa hiekkakylpy

##### Derived terms

* peherrys

##### See also

* hiekkakylpy

#### Further reading

* “pehertää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpehertæː/, [ˈpe̞ɦe̞rt̪æː]
* Rhymes: -ehertæː
* Hyphenation: pe‧her‧tää

#### Verb

pehertää
* third-person singular present indicative of pehertää

### References

* ↑ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
# despotism
## English
### Etymology

From French despotisme; equivalent to despot +‎ -ism.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdɛspətɪzəm/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

despotism (countable and uncountable, plural despotisms)
* Government by a despot or despots: rule by a singular authority, either a single person or a tight-knit group, which rules with absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.
** 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter VII, in Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 136:The iron hand of despotism has quenched the last spark of liberty; hunted down like a wild beast, I am watching an opportunity to fly my degraded and enslaved country.
** 1992 March 30, Richard Nixon, 4:50 from the start, in Richard Nixon on "Inside Washington"‎, Richard Nixon Foundation, retrieved 25 May 2020:But now events have proved that I was right because Khrushchev's grandchildren do live in freedom and the great question of our time: can they continue to live in freedom, or will they revert to the old, or a new despotism?

#### Synonyms

* absolutism
* autocracy
* dictatorship
* tyranny

#### Hyponyms

* absolute monarchy
* benevolent absolutism
* enlightened absolutism
* enlightened despotism

#### Derived terms

* enlightened despotism

#### Related terms

* despot
* despotate
* despotic

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* misposted

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French despotisme. By surface analysis, despot +‎ -ism.

### Noun

despotism n (uncountable)
* despotism
# církev
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech crkev, cierkev, from Proto-Slavic *cьrky, from Ancient Greek κυριακόν (kuriakón).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡siːrkɛf]

### Noun

církev f
* church (religious organization)

#### Derived terms

* církevní

### Further reading

* “církev”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “církev”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “církev”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# しやけ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of しやけ – see the following entry. :
| 【鮭しゃけ】H | [noun] a chum salmon |
(This term, しやけ (syake), is a historical kana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as しやけ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as しやけ.) :
# astralny
## Polish
### Etymology

Adapted borrowing of Latin astrālis +‎ -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /asˈtral.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -alnɘ
* Syllabification: as‧tral‧ny

### Adjective

astralny (comparative bardziej astralny, superlative najbardziej astralny, derived adverb astralnie)
* (astronomy, literary, relational) astral (relating to the outer space)
    Synonym: gwiezdny
* (relational, religion) astral (relating to astral cults)
* (parapsychology, theosophy) astral (otherworldly)

#### Derived terms

* ciało astralne

### Further reading

* astralny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* astralny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# sirotek
## Czech
### Etymology

From sirota +‎ -ek.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsɪrotɛk]

### Noun

sirotek m anim
* orphan

#### Related terms

* osiřelý
* osiřet
* sirotčinec m

### Further reading

* “sirotek”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “sirotek”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “sirotek”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# bismuthide
## English
### Etymology

From bismuth +‎ -ide.

### Noun

bismuthide (plural bismuthides)
* (inorganic chemistry) Any compound of bismuth with a more electropositive element

#### Derived terms

* oxybismuthide
# dachówka
## Polish
### Etymology

From dach +‎ -ówka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /daˈxuf.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ufka
* Syllabification: da‧chów‧ka

### Noun

dachówka f
* roof tile

#### Derived terms

* blachodachówka

### Further reading

* dachówka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* dachówka in Polish dictionaries at PWN