# firmar
## Asturian
### Verb

firmar (first-person singular indicative present firmo, past participle firmáu)
* to sign

#### Conjugation
## Catalan
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin firmāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [firˈma]
* IPA: (Valencia) [fiɾˈmaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

firmar (first-person singular present firmo, first-person singular preterite firmí, past participle firmat)
* (transitive) to sign
    Synonym: signar

#### Derived terms

* firma

#### Related terms

* firmant

### Further reading

* “firmar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Galician
### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese firmar, from Latin firmāre (“to make firm”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [fiɾˈmaɾ]

### Verb

firmar (first-person singular present firmo, first-person singular preterite firmei, past participle firmado)
* to sign (formerly, to make firm by adding one's name)
    Synonym: asinar
** 1441, J. L. Novo Cazón, editor, El priorato santiaguista de Vilar de Donas en la Edad Media (1194-1500), A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 365:esta carta de foro et de quel eu, Joan Loppes, fize et firmey et syney de meu signothis contract charter that I, Xoán López, made and signed [with my name] and signed with my sign

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Derived terms

* firma

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “firmar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “firmar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “firmar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “firmar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “firmar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “firmar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “firmar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /fiʁˈma(ʁ)/ [fiɦˈma(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /fiʁˈma(ʁ)/ [fiɦˈma(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /fiɾˈma(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /fiʁˈma(ʁ)/ [fiʁˈma(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /fiɻˈma(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /fiɾˈmaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /fiɾˈmaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /fiɾˈma.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: fir‧mar

### Verb

firmar (first-person singular present firmo, first-person singular preterite firmei, past participle firmado)
* to sign
* to stabilize
* to fix

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin firmāre (“make firm, confirm”). Doublet of hirmar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fiɾˈmaɾ/ [fiɾˈmaɾ]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: fir‧mar

### Verb

firmar (first-person singular present firmo, first-person singular preterite firmé, past participle firmado)
* to sign
    Él no quiso firmar el papel y por ende, no se pudo hacer nada.He didn't want to sign the paper and as a result, nothing could be done.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* firma

#### Related terms

* hirmar

### Further reading

* “firmar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10