OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# plunąć
## Old Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pľьnǫti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /plʲunɑ̃t͡ɕ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /plʲunɑ̃t͡ɕ/

### Verb

plunąć pf (imperfective pluć)
* to spit (to evacuate saliva, sometimes as a sign of contempt) [with na (+ accusative) or w (+ accusative) ‘at whom’]
** Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎, page 183:Kyedykolvyek ych dzyeszyącz pospolv szyedzyalo, ... v posrodek albo myedzy szyą any na pravą stroną plvn[y]ącz (spuere) nye smyely[Kiedykolwiek ich dziesięć pospołu siedziało, ... w pośrodek albo miedzy się ani na prawą stronę plunąć (spuere) nie śmieli]
** 1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎, 25, 9:Zona... zvge boti z gego nog y plvnye w oblicze gego (spuetque in faciem illius)[Żona... zuje boty z jego nog i plunie w oblicze jego (spuetque in faciem illius)]

#### Related terms

* plwocina

#### Descendants

* Polish: plunąć, plujnąć (Southern Greater Poland)

### References

* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “plunąć”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

## Polish
### Alternative forms

* plujnąć (Southern Greater Poland)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish plunąć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈplu.nɔɲt͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -unɔɲt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: plu‧nąć

### Verb

plunąć pf (imperfective pluć)
* (intransitive) to spit (to evacuate saliva or another substance from the mouth, etc.)
    Synonym: splunąć
* (intransitive) to affront, to insult
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:obrażać
* (intransitive) to shoot (to fire a hail of bullets)
    Synonym: strzelić

#### Related terms

* plwocina

### Further reading

* plunąć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* plunąć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# cytokinetic
## English
### Etymology

From cyto- +‎ kinetic.

### Adjective

cytokinetic (not comparable)
* Of or pertaining to cytokinesis or to cytokinetics

#### Derived terms

* acytokinetic
* postcytokinetic
* thrombocytokinetic
# charrancito
## Spanish
### Etymology

From charrán +‎ -cito.

### Noun

charrancito m (plural charrancitos)
* any of a number of small terns in the Sternula genus

#### Derived terms

* charrancito amazónico
* charrancito americano
* charrancito australiano
* charrancito común
* charrancito de Damara
* charrancito de Saunders
* charrancito peruano

### Further reading

* “charrancito”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# patineta
## Spanish
### Etymology

From patín +‎ -eta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /patiˈneta/ [pa.t̪iˈne.t̪a]
* Rhymes: -eta
* Syllabification: pa‧ti‧ne‧ta

### Noun

patineta f (plural patinetas)
* scooter (child's foot-operated vehicle)
    Synonyms: monopatín, patinete, patín
* skateboard
    Synonym: monopatín

#### Related terms

* patinador
* patinaje
* patinar

### Further reading

* “patineta”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# foseta
## Spanish
### Noun

foseta f (plural fosetas)
* (zoology) pit

#### Derived terms

* foseta loreal
* víbora de foseta
# tõeliselt
## Estonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɤe̯liselt/, [ˈtɤe̯ˌlʲiseltˑ]
* Rhymes: -liselt
* Hyphenation: tõe‧li‧selt

### Etymology 1

tõeline +‎ -lt

#### Adverb

tõeliselt (comparative tõelisemalt)
* really, actually, truly (in reality, not in appearance)
    Synonyms: päriselt, tegelikult
* very, extremely, truly, really
    See maja on tõeliselt suur. ― This house is really big.

##### Related terms

* tõelisus

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Adjective

tõeliselt
* ablative singular of tõeline

### References

* tõeliselt in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
* “tõeliselt”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
# puchero
## English
### Etymology

From Spanish puchero.

### Noun

puchero (countable and uncountable, plural pucheros)
* A kind of stew of Spanish origin.

### Anagrams

* Poucher

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin pultārius (“cooking pot”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /puˈt͡ʃeɾo/ [puˈt͡ʃe.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -eɾo
* Syllabification: pu‧che‧ro

### Noun

puchero m (plural pucheros)
* cooking pot
* stew (soup)
* pout

#### Derived terms

* hacer pucheros

### Further reading

* “puchero”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# poboczny
## Polish
### Etymology

From po boku +‎ -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔˈbɔt͡ʂ.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔt͡ʂnɘ
* Syllabification: po‧bocz‧ny

### Adjective

poboczny (not comparable, derived adverb pobocznie)
* secondary, minor (of less than primary importance)
    Synonym: drugorzędny
* (archaic) side, lateral
    Synonym: boczny

#### Derived terms

* pobocznica

### Further reading

* poboczny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* poboczny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# catabolize
## English
### Etymology

From catabol(ism) +‎ -ize.

### Verb

catabolize (third-person singular simple present catabolizes, present participle catabolizing, simple past and past participle catabolized)
* (intransitive) To undergo catabolism.
* (transitive) To cause (a substance) to undergo catabolism.
* (transitive) To produce (a substance) by catabolism.

#### Derived terms

* catabolizable
* uncatabolized

#### Related terms

* catabolic
* catabolization

### See also

* metabolize

### References

* ↑ “catabolize”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
* ↑ “catabolize”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
# koperta
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* kowerta (19th c., obsolete)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian coperta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔˈpɛr.ta/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛrta
* Syllabification: ko‧per‧ta

### Noun

koperta f (diminutive kopertka, related adjective kopertowy)
* envelope (paper or cardboard wrapper used to enclose small, flat items, especially letters, for mailing)
    Hypernym: opakowanie
* protective jacket or case, especially for a record, containing art and information about the contents; also: the analogous leaflet found in a packaged CD [from 20th c.]
* clutch, clutch bag (small handbag without a shoulder strap, designed to be held in the hand)
    Synonym: kopertówka
* comforter cover with a characteristic diamond-shaped opening in the middle on the top side
    Hypernyms: poszwa, pościel
* casing of the watch mechanism
    Hypernym: obudowa
* (automotive, colloquial) painted rectangle with two diagonals marking the place intended for parking the vehicle of an authorized person or used (until 2005) to test the ability of a driving test candidate to perform the maneuver of parallel parking in reverse
* (automotive, colloquial) maneuver of parallel parking in reverse that a driving test candidate should be able to perform
* (colloquial, metonymically) money given in an envelope as a bribe or gift

#### Derived terms

* kopertówka
* kopertować impf

#### Related terms

* kopertowo
* kopertówa

### Further reading

* koperta in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* koperta in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# serrote
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From serra +‎ -ote.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /seˈʁɔ.t͡ʃi/ [seˈhɔ.t͡ʃi]
* (Brazil) IPA: /seˈʁɔ.t͡ʃi/ [seˈhɔ.t͡ʃi]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /seˈʁɔ.t͡ʃi/ [seˈχɔ.t͡ʃi]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /seˈʁɔ.te/ [seˈhɔ.te]
* (Portugal) IPA: /sɨˈʁɔ.tɨ/
* Hyphenation: ser‧ro‧te

### Noun

serrote m (plural serrotes)
* handsaw, crosscut saw (hand tool used to saw wood)

#### Derived terms

* serrotar
* serrote de costa
* serrote de ponta
* serrotinho

#### Related terms

* serra
* serralheiro
* serrar

### Further reading

* “serrote”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025
* “serrote”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
* “serrote”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
* “serrote”, in Dicio – Dicionário Online de Português (in Portuguese), Porto: 7Graus, 2009–2025
# mechero
## Spanish
### Etymology

From mecha (“wick”) +‎ -ero.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /meˈt͡ʃeɾo/ [meˈt͡ʃe.ɾo]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -eɾo
* Syllabification: me‧che‧ro

### Noun

mechero m (plural mecheros)
* burner
    Hyponym: mechero Bunsen
* (Spain) lighter
    Synonyms: encendedor, (Colombia) briquet, (Venezuela) yesquero

#### Related terms

* mecha

### Further reading

* “mechero”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Kryszna
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* Kriszna

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkrɘʂ.na/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘʂna
* Syllabification: Krysz‧na

### Proper noun

Kryszna m pers
* (Hinduism) Krishna (deity worshiped across many traditions of Hinduism)
* Krishna (a river in India)

#### Derived terms

* krysznaita
* krysznowiec

#### Related terms

* krysznaicki

### Further reading

* Kryszna in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Kryszna in PWN's encyclopedia
# bridger
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English briggere, equivalent to bridge +‎ -er (occupational suffix) or +‎ -er (agent noun suffix).

### Noun

bridger (plural bridgers)
* One who builds bridges
** 2008, Julie Bertagna, Zenith, page 191:And he wasn't an ordinary bridger, Tuck remembers, he was said to be one of the best bridge-masters on Pomperoy.
* One who bridges, or connects two previously separate things.
** 2002, James R. Delisle, Barefoot Irreverence, page 178:In either arrangement, the teacher reserves personal judgment and acts more as a bridger of student ideas or as an encourager of reluctant participants (vocal participation, though, should always be the student's prerogative).
* One who plays bridge (card game)

#### Related terms

* Fort Bridger

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from English bridge.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bʁi.dʒe/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

bridger
* (intransitive) to play bridge (the card game)

#### Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written bridge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

### Further reading

* “bridger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# diglósico
## Spanish
### Adjective

diglósico (feminine diglósica, masculine plural diglósicos, feminine plural diglósicas)
* diglossic

#### Related terms

* diglosia
# borst
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɔrst/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: borst
* Rhymes: -ɔrst

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch borst, from Old Dutch brust, from Proto-West Germanic *brust, from Proto-Germanic *brusts, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to swell, blow, inflate”).

#### Noun

borst f (plural borsten, diminutive borstje n)
* chest, thorax
    Synonyms: borstkas, thorax
* breast
    Synonyms: bloemkool, jetser, meloen, mem, pram, tet, tiet

##### Derived terms

* aamborstig
* adelborst
* borstbeen
* borstcrawl
* borstgesteente
* borstimplantaat
* borstkanker
* borstkas
* borstmiddel
* borstomvang
* borstonderzoek
* borstontsteking
* borstplaat
* borstrok
* borstsieraad
* borstslag
* borstspeld
* borstspier
* borststem
* borststuk
* borstvergroting
* borstverkleining
* borstvin
* borstvoeding
* borstwering
* een adder aan zijn borst koesteren
* eendenborst
* kippenborst
* mannenborst
* rondborstig
* vrouwenborst
* witborstaalscholver

##### Descendants

* Afrikaans: bors
* Negerhollands: borst, bos, borsje
* → Sranan Tongo: borsu

##### See also

* (breast): bos hout voor de deur

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

borst
* inflection of borsten:
** first/second/third-person singular present indicative
** imperative

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch brust, from Proto-Germanic *brusts.

### Noun

borst f
* chest
* breast

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Descendants

* Dutch: borst
** Afrikaans: bors
** Negerhollands: borst, bos, borsje
** → Sranan Tongo: borsu
* Limburgish: bórs, bósj

### Further reading

* “borst”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “borst”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Swedish
### Noun

borst n
* bristle (stiff hair (on an animal))
* bristle (on a brush or broom or the like)
* awn

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | borst | borsts |
| singular | definite | borstet | borstets |
| plural | indefinite | borst | borsts |
| plural | definite | borsten | borstens |

#### Related terms

* borste (“brush”)

### References

* borst in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* borst in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* borst in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# sąsiad
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sǫsědъ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsɔw̃.ɕat/, /ˈsɔɲ.ɕat/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔw̃ɕat
* Syllabification: są‧siad

### Noun

sąsiad m pers (female equivalent sąsiadka)
* neighbor (person living on adjacent or nearby land)

#### Derived terms

* sąsiedni
* sąsiedztwo

### Further reading

* sąsiad in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* sąsiad in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# mirzieć
## Old Polish
### Alternative forms

* mierzieć

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mьrzěti.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /mirʑɛ(ː)t͡ɕ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /mirʑɛt͡ɕ/, /mirʑet͡ɕ/

### Verb

mirzieć impf
* (attested in Lesser Poland, Southern Borderlands) to disgust
** 1450, rkps Archiwum i Biblioteki Krakowskiej Kapituły Katedralnej o sygn. KP 224., Uście Solne, Lviv:Abhorrere, id est detestari... caret supino, proprie myerszecz[Abhorrere, id est detestari... caret supino, proprie mierzieć]
* The meaning of this term is uncertain.
** 1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎, volume XXII, page 245:Ale eze niczss na tem swyeczye nye moze przicz przes myrzaczky a przes pracze, a *szewszde dobrzi slym są przeczywny a mysyerny, przeto eze o tich to blogoslawyenstwach mislączim a robyączim przichodzi przecziwnoscz, myrsyączka a przesladowanye od slich[Ale eże nics na tem świecie nie może przyć przez mirziączki a przez prace a zawżde dobrzy złym są przeciwni a mirzieni, przeto eże o tych to błogosławieństwach myślącym a robiącym przychodzi przeciwność, mirziączka a prześladowanie od złych]

#### Derived terms

* mirziony

### References

* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “mirzieć”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
# vastustaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

vastus +‎ -taa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋɑstustɑːˣ/, [ˈʋɑ̝s̠tus̠tɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑstustɑː
* Hyphenation: vas‧tus‧taa

### Verb

vastustaa (transitive, usually atelic)
* to object, to oppose, to contest (raise an objection)
* to protest (make a strong objection)
* to resist, to oppose, counteract, hinder (attempt to counter the actions or effects of someone or something)
* to antagonize (to work against; to oppose; especially to incite reaction)

#### Derived terms

* vastustaja
* vastustamaton
* vastustaminen
* vastustella
* vastustus

#### Related terms

* vastus

### Further reading

* “vastustaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04

### Anagrams

* asustavat, saastuvat, vastausta
# frygać
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* fyrgać (Near Masovian)

### Etymology

Uncertain. Ultimately onomatopoeic.
* From fryga +‎ -ać, with a semantic shift of to set a dreidel into motion to to fling (quickly), and finally to eat quickly.
* Ultimately from fr (“about a sound when taking off to flight”), with fryga being derived from frygać.
Compare frunąć, fyrkać, Czech frgať. For meaning shift for sense 2.1 compare wsuwać, zmiatać, zwijać.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈfrɘ.ɡat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɘɡat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: fry‧gać

### Verb

frygać impf (perfective frygnąć)
* (transitive, colloquial) to fling, to hurl, to throw [with instrumental ‘what’]
    Synonyms: ciskać, miotać, (dialectal) pyrgać, rzucać
* (intransitive, colloquial) to run, to run into [with do (+ genitive) ‘what’]
    Synonyms: biec, wbiegać
** → (transitive, intransitive, regional) to eat, to ingest (to consume a meal)
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:jeść

#### Derived terms

* fryga
* frygawka

### References

* ↑ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “fryga”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
* ↑ Sławski, Franciszek (1952–1956) “frygać”, in Kazimierz Nitsch, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volumes I: A—J, Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego, page 238

### Further reading

* frygać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# atizar
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* tizar

### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *attītiāre, derived from Latin tītiō (“firebrand”). Compare Portuguese atiçar, Spanish atizar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [atiˈθaɾ], (western) [atiˈsaɾ]

### Verb

atizar (first-person singular present atizo, first-person singular preterite aticei, past participle atizado)
* (transitive) to rekindle, stoke, intensify (a fire)
    Synonym: avivar
* (transitive) to fuel (a fire)
* (transitive, figurative) to enliven, intensify
    Synonym: avivar
* (transitive) to poke, stoke
    Synonym: zoscar

#### Related terms

* tizón

### References

* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “atizar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “atizar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “atizar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *attītiāre, derived from Latin tītiō (“firebrand”). Compare Portuguese atiçar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /atiˈθaɾ/ [a.t̪iˈθaɾ]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /atiˈsaɾ/ [a.t̪iˈsaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: a‧ti‧zar

### Verb

atizar (first-person singular present atizo, first-person singular preterite aticé, past participle atizado)
* (transitive) to stir, fan, poke, rouse, stoke
    atizar el fuego ― stoke the fire
    atizar la pasión ― stir up passion
    atizar la cólera ― rouse anger
    atizar el odio ― stir hate
** 2009, Fernando Berríos, Jorge Costadoat, Diego García, Catolicismo social chileno: Desarrollo, crisis y actualidad:el socialismo, que atiza el odio contra los ricos y quiere suprimir la propiedad privadasocialism, which stirs up hate for the rich, and wants to suppress private property
* (transitive, pronominal, colloquial) to gorge oneself on; to fill up with
    Se atizaron varios pollos.They gorged themselves on several chickens.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* atizador
* atizar el fuego
* atizar la lámpara

#### Related terms

* tizón

### Further reading

* “atizar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# rdzieć
## Old Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rъděti. By surface analysis, rdza +‎ -eć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (10th–15th CE) /rd͡ʑɛ(ː)t͡ɕ/
* IPA: (15th CE) /rd͡ʑɛt͡ɕ/, /rd͡ʑet͡ɕ/

### Verb

rdzieć impf
* to rust (to become covered in rust)
** 1874-1891 [Middle of the 15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎, volume XXIII, page 280:Et inmotus ens rubigine mox sordescit, gl. confunditur rdzeye[Et inmotus ens rubigine mox sordescit, gl. confunditur rdzieje]

#### Related terms

* rdzawy
* rudy
* rumiany
* rusy
* rydzy
* rdza
* ruda

### Further reading

* B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “rdzieć”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN