OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ucieszyć
## Polish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish ucieszyć, from Proto-Slavic *utěšiti. By surface analysis, u- +‎ cieszyć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uˈt͡ɕɛ.ʂɘt͡ɕ/
* Audio 1; “ucieszyć”:(file)
* Audio 2; “ucieszyć się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛʂɘt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: u‧cie‧szyć

### Verb

ucieszyć pf (imperfective cieszyć)
* (transitive) to gratify, to gladden, to please
* (reflexive with się) to enjoy, to rejoice, to be glad

#### Related terms

* cieszenie
* pociecha
* pocieszenie
* pocieszyciel
* pocieszycielka
* uciecha
* cieszyć
* pocieszać
* pocieszyć

### Further reading

* ucieszyć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ucieszyć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# henkäistä
## Finnish
### Etymology

henki +‎ -äistä

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈheŋkæi̯stæˣ/, [ˈhe̞ŋk̟æi̯s̠tæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -eŋkæistæ
* Hyphenation: hen‧käis‧tä

### Verb

henkäistä
* (intransitive) To breathe (once).

#### Derived terms

* henkäisy

### Further reading

* “henkäistä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

### Anagrams

* henkistää
# ilokuce
## Czech
### Noun

ilokuce f
* illocution

#### Derived terms

* ilokuční
# valtavirtaistaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

valtavirtainen +‎ -taa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋɑltɑˌʋirtɑi̯stɑːˣ/, [ˈʋɑ̝l̪t̪ɑ̝ˌʋirt̪ɑ̝i̯s̠tɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -irtɑistɑː
* Hyphenation: valta‧virtais‧taa

### Verb

valtavirtaistaa
* (transitive) to mainstream, to make mainstream

#### Derived terms

* valtavirtaistaminen
* valtavirtaistua
* valtavirtaistus

### Further reading

* “valtavirtaistaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
# pendler
## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Pendler (“commuter”), from pendeln (“commute”), from Pendel (“pendulum”), from Latin pendulum, from pendēre (“hang”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpɛndlɛr]
* Hyphenation: pen‧d‧ler

### Noun

pendler m anim
* commuter to a foreign country
** 2009 April 25, Lenka Zimmelová with Lucie Rokošová, “Češi zaměstnaní v cizině musí doplácet desetitisíce korun na daních v Česku”, in iDnes.cz‎:Do podobné situace se nyní dostaly desetitisíce dalších Čechů, kteří jezdí za prací do zahraničí. Pendleři, jak se těmto lidem říká, dosud nemuseli podávat daňové přiznání v České republice, a dokonce zde ani nemuseli platit daň z příjmů.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Derived terms

* pendlerka
* pendlerský

#### Related terms

* pendlovat
* pendlování
* pendlovky
* pendlující

### Further reading

* “pendler”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Etymology 1

Believed to be from German Pendler, via Swedish pendlare.

#### Noun

pendler m (definite singular pendleren, indefinite plural pendlere, definite plural pendlerne)
* a commuter

##### Related terms

* pendle

#### See also

* pendlar (Nynorsk)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

pendler m
* indefinite plural of pendel

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

pendler
* present tense of pendle

### References

* “pendler” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
# darksome
## English
### Etymology

From dark +‎ -some.

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈdɑːksəm/

### Adjective

darksome (comparative more darksome, superlative most darksome)
* (literary, poetic) Characterized by darkness; gloomy, obscure.
    Synonyms: cheerless, shaded
** c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:His fiery eies are fixt vpon the earth. / As if he now deuiſ’d some Stratageme: / Or meant to pierce Auernus darkſome vauts. / To pull the triple headed dog from hell.
** 1799, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Love:That sometimes from the savage den, / And sometimes from the darksome shade, / And sometimes staring up at once / In green and sunny glade.
** 1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter XII, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume I, London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC, pages 221–222:I did not like re-entering Thornfield. To pass its threshold was to return to stagnation: to cross the silent hall, to ascend the darksome staircase, to seek my own lonely little room, and then to meet tranquil Mrs. Fairfax, and spend the long winter evening with her and her only, was to quell wholly the faint excitement wakened by my walk,—to slip again over my faculties the viewless fetters of an uniform and too still existence; of an existence whose very privileges of security and ease I was becoming incapable of appreciating.
** 1868, [Mary Elizabeth Braddon], “Lenoble of Beaubocage”, in Charlotte’s Inheritance […], volume I, London: Ward, Lock, and Tyler […], →OCLC, book I (De Profundis), page 2:They […] ate the messes compounded for them in a darksome cupboard, known as the kitchen, by old Nanon the cook, purblind, stone-deaf, and all but imbecile, and popularly supposed to be the venerable mother of Madame Magnotte.

#### Derived terms

* darksomely
* darksomeness
# agitoida
## Finnish
### Etymology

Partial calque of Latin agitō +‎ -oida.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑɡitoi̯dɑˣ/, [ˈɑ̝ɡiˌt̪o̞i̯dɑ̝(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -oidɑ
* Hyphenation: agi‧toi‧da

### Verb

agitoida
* (transitive) to agitate (people to support or to be opposed to something)
    Synonyms: yllyttää, kiihottaa

#### Derived terms

* agitoija
* agitoiminen
* agitointi

#### Related terms

* agitaatio
* agitaattori
* agitprop

### Further reading

* “agitoida”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# शीव
## Marathi

Picture dictionary :
शीव
मुंबई महानगर क्षेत्र
मुंबई
नवी मुंबई
ठाणे
शीव
वांद्रे
सांताक्रूझ
विले पार्ले
उल्हासनगर
मंडपेश्वर
वरळी
भायखळा
भांडुप
मुलुंड
पवई
परळ :

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi शीव (śīva), सीव (sīva), from Sanskrit सीमन् (sīman).

### Noun

शीव • (śīv) f
* boundary, limit, border

### Proper noun

शीव • (śīv) f
* Sion, Mumbai (an area in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India) (the historical northern boundary of Mumbai)

#### Derived terms

* शीवचा किल्ला (śīvcā killā, “Sion Hillock Fort”)

#### Descendants

* → Portuguese: Sião
** → English: Sion
*** → Hindi: सायन (sāyan)

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “शीव”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “शीव”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* Shankar Gopal Tulpule, Anne Feldhaus (1999) “शीव”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sīmán”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# axal
## English
### Adjective

axal (comparative more axal, superlative most axal)
* Archaic form of axial.

#### Derived terms

* biaxal
* uniaxal

### Anagrams

* Alxa, Laxå
# wzniesienie
## Polish
### Etymology

From wznieść +‎ -enie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vzɲɛˈɕɛ.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛɲɛ
* Syllabification: wznie‧sie‧nie

### Noun

wzniesienie n
* (uncountable) verbal noun of wznieść
* (countable, topography) prominence (relative height)
* (countable) hill, elevation
* (countable, architecture) platform, podium
    Synonyms: estrada, podwyższenie, podium

#### Related terms

* wzniosły
* wzniośle
* wznios
* wzniosłość
* wznieść
* wznosić

### Further reading

* wzniesienie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wzniesienie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# remat
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [rəˈmat]
* IPA: (Valencia) [reˈmat]
* Rhymes: -at

### Participle

remat (feminine remada, masculine plural remats, feminine plural remades)
* past participle of remar

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ῥῆμα (rhêma).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɛ.mat/
* Rhymes: -ɛmat
* Syllabification: re‧mat

### Noun

remat m inan
* (linguistics) comment, focus, rheme (part of a sentence that provides new information regarding the current theme)
    Coordinate term: temat

#### Derived terms

* rematyczny

### Further reading

* remat in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# żyrować
## Polish
### Etymology

Adapted borrowing of German girieren +‎ -ować, from Italian girare, from Latin gȳrō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʐɘˈrɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ży‧ro‧wać

### Verb

żyrować impf (perfective podżyrować)
* (transitive, finance) to guarantee (to assume or take responsibility for a debt or other obligation)
    Synonym: poręczać
* (transitive, finance) to countersign, to indorse
    Synonyms: indosować, kontrasygnować

#### Related terms

* żyrant
* żyro

### Further reading

* żyrować in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* żyrować in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# tlakoměr
## Czech
### Etymology

From tlak (“pressure”) +‎ -o- +‎ -měr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtlakomɲɛr]
* Hyphenation: tla‧ko‧měr

### Noun

tlakoměr m inan (relational adjective tlakoměrný or tlakoměrový)
* barometer (instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure)
    Synonym: barometr
* manometer (instrument used to measure pressure in a fluid)
    Synonym: manometr

#### Related terms

* tlačit
* tlak
* tlakovat

### Further reading

* “tlakoměr”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “tlakoměr”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “tlakoměr”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Koronadal
## English
### Proper noun

Koronadal
* A city, the provincial capital of South Cotabato, Soccsksargen, Mindanao, Philippines.

#### Translations
## Hiligaynon
### Etymology

From Maguindanao Koronadal, from Koronadal Blaan.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koɾonaˈdal/ [kʊ.ɾʊ.naˈdal]
* Hyphenation: Ko‧ro‧na‧dal

### Proper noun

Koronadál
* Koronadal (a city, the provincial capital of South Cotabato, Soccsksargen, Mindanao, Philippines)
    Synonym: Marbel

#### Derived terms

* Koronadaleño
* Koronadalnon

## Maguindanao
### Etymology

From Koronadal Blaan.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Maguindanaon) IPA: /koɾonaˈdal/ [ku.ɽu.ɳʌˈɽaɭ]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: Ko‧ro‧na‧dal

### Proper noun

Koronadál (Jawi spelling كُرُنَدَلْ)
* Koronadal (a city, the provincial capital of South Cotabato, Soccsksargen, Mindanao, Philippines)

#### Derived terms

* Koronadalen

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /koɾonaˈdal/ [ko.ɾo.n̪ɐˈd̪al]
* Rhymes: -al
* Syllabification: Ko‧ro‧na‧dal

### Proper noun

Koronadál (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜇᜓᜈᜇᜎ᜔)
* Koronadal (a city, the provincial capital of South Cotabato, Soccsksargen, Mindanao, Philippines)

#### Derived terms

* Koronadaleño
# sặc sỡ
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

Attested as sắc ſỡ [ʂak$^{B1}$ ʂəː$^{C2}$] in the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651). The unexpected tone change is probably due to tonal assimilation, from B1-C2 with different registers to B2-C2 on the same lower register.
The first element is therefore obviously sắc (色); it is unclear if the second element was generated from reduplication, or is simply an obscure fossilized part.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [sak̚˧˨ʔ səː˦ˀ˥]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʂak̚˨˩ʔ ʂəː˧˨] ~ [sak̚˨˩ʔ səː˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʂak̚˨˩˨ ʂəː˨˩˦] ~ [sak̚˨˩˨ səː˨˩˦]

### Adjective

sặc sỡ
* colorful
# nienaruszalny
## Polish
### Etymology

From nie- +‎ naruszalny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲɛ.na.ruˈʂal.nɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -alnɘ
* Syllabification: nie‧na‧ru‧szal‧ny

### Adjective

nienaruszalny (not comparable, derived adverb nienaruszalnie)
* inviolable (not violable; not to be infringed)
    Synonym: nietykalny

#### Derived terms

* nienaruszalność

### Further reading

* nienaruszalny in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* nienaruszalny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# pañolería
## Spanish
### Etymology

From pañuelo (“handkerchief”) +‎ -ería.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /paɲoleˈɾia/ [pa.ɲo.leˈɾi.a]
* Rhymes: -ia
* Syllabification: pa‧ño‧le‧rí‧a

### Noun

pañolería f (plural pañolerías)
* handkerchief shop

#### Related terms

* paño
* pañolón
* pañuelo

### Further reading

* “pañolería”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# churnalism
## English
### Etymology

Blend of churn (out) +‎ journalism.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtʃəːnəlɪzəm/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

churnalism (uncountable)
* (derogatory) The use of ready-made press release material copied wholesale into a newspaper article as if it were the journalist's own copy.
** 2014, Astra Taylor, The People's Platform: Taking Back Power and Culture in the Digital Age, Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN:New-media gossip juggernaut Gawker also pays tribute to churnalism's animating spirits: shortness, sensationalism, superficiality, and speed.
** 2014, Nikki Usher, Making News at The New York Times, page 232:One can see the possibility for limitless content for a 24/7 world: churnalism, hamsterization, the news cyclone—names to describe the condition keep coming.

#### Related terms

* churnalist
* pink-slime journalism
# hezounký
## Czech
### Etymology

From hez(ký) +‎ -oun +‎ -ký.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦɛzou̯ŋkiː]

### Adjective

hezounký (adverb hezounce or hezounko or hezounky)
* beautiful
    Synonym: hezoučký

#### Related terms

* hezoulinký

### Further reading

* “hezounký”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “hezounký”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “hezounký”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# ársa
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* ársaidh (obsolete)
* (noun): ársach (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Old Irish arsaid (“old, ancient, aged”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸarstā-, from Proto-Indo-European *per-, *pr- (“before, formerly; through, throughout”) + *steh₂-. Compare Scottish Gaelic àrsaidh.

### Adjective

ársa
* ancient, antique
* archaic
* aged, veteran

#### Synonyms

* sean

#### Antonyms

* óg
* nua

#### Derived terms

* anársa (“young, inexperienced”, adjective)
* ársaigh (“to grow old”)
* ársaíocht (“archaism”)
* bréagársa (“pseudo-archaic”, adjective)

### Noun

ársa m (genitive singular ársa, nominative plural ársaí)
* (literary) aged person; (in plural) ancients
* veteran

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
ársa
ársaí
vocative
a ársa
a ársaí
genitive
ársa
ársaí
dative
ársa
ársaí
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an t-ársa
na hársaí
genitive
an ársa
na n-ársaí
dative
leis an ársa don ársa
leis na hársaí :

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ársa”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “arsaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “ársa”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 40
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ársa”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “ársa”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
# ético
## Galician
### Etymology

From Latin ēthicus, from Ancient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós), from ἦθος (êthos, “character, moral nature”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛtiko/ [ˈɛ.t̪i.kʊ]
* Rhymes: -ɛtiko
* Hyphenation: é‧ti‧co

### Adjective

ético (feminine ética, masculine plural éticos, feminine plural éticas)
* ethical

#### Derived terms

* eticamente

#### Related terms

* ética

### Further reading

* “ético”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɛ.t͡ʃi.ku/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈɛ.t͡ʃi.ku/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈɛ.t͡ʃi.ko/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈɛ.ti.ku/
* Rhymes: -ɛt͡ʃiku, -ɛtiku
* Hyphenation: é‧ti‧co

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin ēthicus, from Ancient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós).

#### Adjective

ético (feminine ética, masculine plural éticos, feminine plural éticas)
* ethical

##### Derived terms

* antiético
* eticamente

##### Related terms

* ética

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from English etic.

#### Adjective

ético (feminine ética, masculine plural éticos, feminine plural éticas)
* etic

### References

* 1 2 “ético”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
* “ético”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin ēthicus, from Ancient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós), from ἦθος (êthos, “character, moral nature”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈetiko/ [ˈe.t̪i.ko]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -etiko
* Syllabification: é‧ti‧co

### Adjective

ético (feminine ética, masculine plural éticos, feminine plural éticas)
* ethical

#### Derived terms

* éticamente

#### Related terms

* ética

### Further reading

* “ético”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# นรชาติ
## Thai
### Etymology

Compound of นร (nɔɔ-rá-, “human”) +‎ ชาติ (châat, “kind”)

### Pronunciation

| Orthographic | Orthographic | นรชาติ n r d͡ʑ ā t i |
| Phonemic | Phonemic | นอ-ระ-ชาด n ɒ – r a – d͡ʑ ā ɗ |
| Romanization | Paiboon | nɔɔ-rá-châat |
| Romanization | Royal Institute | no-ra-chat |
| (standard) IPA | (standard) IPA | /nɔː˧.ra˦˥.t͡ɕʰaːt̚˥˩/ |

### Noun

นรชาติ • (nɔɔ-rá-châat)
* (elegant, literary, poetic) humankind
* (elegant, literary, poetic) human being
** 19th century, ปรมานุชิตชิโนรส, สมเด็จพระมหาสมณเจ้า กรมพระ, แบบเรียนภาษาไทย คำฉันท์กฤษณาสอนน้อง‎, พระนคร: โรงพิมพ์ศรีหงส์, published 1935, page 21:
    นรชาติวางวาย มะลายสิ้นทั้งอินทรีย์
       nɔɔ-rá-châat-dtì waang-waai · má-laai sîn táng in-sii
       [When] a human demises, all [his] body perishes.
# Aleksandrów Łódzki
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “Łódź Aleksandrów”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.lɛkˈsan.druf ˈwut͡s.ki/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Syllabification: A‧lek‧san‧drów Łódz‧ki

### Proper noun

Aleksandrów Łódzki m inan
* Aleksandrów Łódzki (a town in the Łódź Voivodeship, Poland)

#### Derived terms

* aleksandrowski
* aleksandrowianin
* aleksandrowianka

### Further reading

* Aleksandrów Łódzki in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksandrów Łódzki in PWN's encyclopedia
# pietrucha
## Polish
### Etymology

Clipping of pietruszka + -cha.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pjɛˈtru.xa/
* Rhymes: -uxa
* Syllabification: pie‧tru‧cha
* Homophone: Pietrucha

### Noun

pietrucha f
* Augmentative of pietruszka

#### Related terms

* pietruszkowy
* pietruszka
* pietruszkować impf

### Further reading

* pietrucha in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* pietrucha in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# tinkiä
## Finnish
### Etymology 1

tingata +‎ -iä

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtiŋkiæˣ/, [ˈt̪iŋk̟iæ(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -iŋkiæ
* Hyphenation: tin‧kiä

#### Verb

tinkiä
* to haggle (argue for a better deal, especially over prices with a seller)
* to compromise [with elative ‘on’] (e.g. one's demands, viewpoint or expenses)

##### Derived terms

* tingintä
* tinkijä
* tinkiminen
* tinkimätön

##### Descendants

* → Ingrian: tinkiä

#### Further reading

* “tinkiä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtiŋkiæ/, [ˈt̪iŋk̟iæ]
* Rhymes: -iŋkiæ
* Hyphenation: tin‧kiä

#### Noun

tinkiä
* partitive singular of tinki

### Anagrams

* kiitän, kitinä

## Ingrian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Finnish tinkiä.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈtiŋkiæ/, [ˈtʲiŋke̞]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈtiŋkiæ/, [ˈtiŋkiæ]
* Rhymes: -iŋkeː, -iŋkiæ
* Hyphenation: tin‧ki‧ä

### Verb

tinkiä
* (intransitive) to haggle

#### Synonyms

* tiukata

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 586
# seřvat
## Czech
### Etymology

From se- +‎ řvát.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsɛr̝vat]

### Verb

seřvat pf
* to yell at, to tell off

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | seřvat, seřvati | Active adjective | seřvavší |
| Verbal noun | — | Passive adjective | — |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | seřvu | seřveme | — | seřvěme, seřveme |
| 2nd person | seřveš | seřvete | seřvi | seřvěte, seřvete |
| 3rd person | seřve | seřvou | — | — |
* The verb seřvat does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | seřval | seřvali | seřván | seřváni |
| masculine inanimate | seřval | seřvaly | seřván | seřvány |
| feminine | seřvala | seřvaly | seřvána | seřvány |
| neuter | seřvalo | seřvala | seřváno | seřvána |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | — | seřvav |
| feminine + neuter singular | — | seřvavši |
| plural | — | seřvavše |

#### Derived terms

* seřvání

#### See also

* sprdnout
* vyhubovat
* vynadat

### Further reading

* “seřvati”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
* “seřvat”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “seřvat”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)