OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# álabe
## Spanish
### Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps Latin ālipēs (“winged”) or alapa (“blow, smack”). Compare Romanian aripă (“vane”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈalabe/ [ˈa.la.β̞e]
* Rhymes: -alabe
* Syllabification: á‧la‧be

### Noun

álabe m (plural álabes)
* olive branch bent down and reaching the ground
* any of the force-transmitting elements of a propelling wheel in a water-mill, flier, vane
    Holonyms: rodete, rodezno
* turbine blade
* tappet on a fulling wheel
* a barrier such as a mat on the side of a carriage so he who drives it does not fall out
* sides of a target or shield
    Synonym: alabez

#### Related terms

* alabear (“to bend to make crooked”)
* alabeo (“bent of a piece of wood”)

#### Descendants

* → Basque: alabezki

### References

* ↑ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “álabe”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 100
* ↑ Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1907) Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie, volume 31, pages 582–586

### Further reading

* “álabe”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# automatisme
## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from French automatisme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌɑu̯.toː.maːˈtɪs.mə/, /ˌoː-/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: au‧to‧ma‧tis‧me
* Rhymes: -ɪsmə

### Noun

automatisme n (plural automatismen, diminutive automatismetje n)
* automatism

#### Related terms

* automaat
* automatiek
* automatisatie
* automatisch
* automatiseren

## French
### Etymology

From automate +‎ -isme.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /o.tɔ.ma.tism/ ~ /o.tɔ.ma.tizm/, /ɔ.tɔ.ma.tism/ ~ /ɔ.tɔ.ma.tizm/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

automatisme m (plural automatismes)
* automatism
    Near-synonyms: réflexe, habitude

### Further reading

* “automatisme”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# свидание
## Russian
### Alternative forms

* свида́нье (svidánʹje) — poetic and old-fashioned spelling

### Etymology

сви́деться (svídetʹsja) +‎ -ание (-anije)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [svʲɪˈdanʲɪje]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

свида́ние • (svidánije) n inan (genitive свида́ния, nominative plural свида́ния, genitive plural свида́ний)
* appointment; date
    Synonyms: встре́ча f (vstréča), рандеву́ n (randɛvú), романтик m (romantik), стре́лка f (strélka)
    до свида́ния ― do svidánija ― goodbye
    до ско́рого свида́ния ― do skórovo svidánija ― see you soon
** 1860, Иван Тургенев [Ivan Turgenev], “XVI”, in Первая любовь; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., First Love, 1897:Я чу́вствовал стра́нное волне́ние: то́чно я ходи́л на свида́ние — и оста́лся одино́ким и прошё́л ми́мо чужо́го сча́стия.Ja čúvstvoval stránnoje volnénije: tóčno ja xodíl na svidánije — i ostálsja odinókim i prošól mímo čužóvo sčástija.I felt a strange sensation; as though I had gone to a tryst, and had been left lonely, and had passed close by another's happiness.
* visit (with a prisoner, patient, etc.)
    Synonyms: визи́т m (vizít), посеще́ние f (poseščénije)

#### Related terms

* ви́дение (vídenije)
* ви́деть (vídetʹ)
* ви́деться (vídetʹsja)
* сви́деться (svídetʹsja)

### References

* Shaposhnikov, A. K. (2010) “свидание”, in Этимологический словарь современного русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Contemporary Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 2: (Начать – Я), Moscow: Flinta; Nauka, →ISBN, page 304
# kyykyllään
## Finnish
### Etymology

Adessive of kyykky with a possessive suffix

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkyːkylːæːn/, [ˈk̟yːk̟ylːæːn]
* Rhymes: -yːkylːæːn
* Hyphenation: kyy‧kyl‧lään

### Adverb

kyykyllään
* in a squatting or crouching position

#### Inflection

| →○ | allative | kyykylleen |
| ○ | adessive | kyykyllään |
| ○→ | ablative | kyykyltään |

#### Derived terms

* kyykylläänolo

### Further reading

* “kyykyllään”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# idilio
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /i.di.ˈli.o/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

idilio (accusative singular idilion, plural idilioj, accusative plural idiliojn)
* idyll

#### Derived terms

* idilia
* idilie

## Ido
### Noun

idilio (plural idilii)
* idyll

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin īdyllium, from Ancient Greek εἰδύλλιον (eidúllion), diminutive of εἶδος (eîdos, “shape, form”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iˈdiljo/ [iˈð̞i.ljo]
* Rhymes: -iljo
* Syllabification: i‧di‧lio

### Noun

idilio m (plural idilios)
* idyll

#### Derived terms

* idílico

### Further reading

* “idilio”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# made a show of oneself
## English
### Verb

made a show of oneself
* simple past and past participle of make a show of oneself
# 𘠃

| 𘠃 | U+18803, &#100355; TANGUT COMPONENT-004 |
| ← 𘠂 [U+18802] | Tangut Components | 𘠄 → [U+18804] |

## Tangut
### Component

𘠃
* A component of the Tangut script, used to form Tangut characters.

### Derived characters

* 𗃑 (*tew¹)
* 𗃒 (*lə¹)
* 𗃓 (*tew¹)
* 𗃔 (*tsewr²)
* 𗔯 (*dzji¹)
* 𗫹 (*ɣwə¹)
* 𗱼 (*khwa¹)
# bassit
## Ilocano
### Alternative forms

* battit

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /basˈsit/ [bɐsˈsit]
* (Abra) IPA: /batˈtit/ [bɐtˈtit]
* Hyphenation: bas‧sít

### Adjective

bassít (comparative basbassit, comparative basbassit, Kur-itan spelling ᜊᜐ᜔ᜐᜒᜆ᜔)
* small
    Antonym: dakkel

#### Derived terms

* bumassit
* kabassit
* kinabassit
* mamabassit
* nabassitakon
* pabassiten

## Northern Sami
### Etymology

From Proto-Samic *pësētēk.

### Pronunciation

* (Kautokeino) IPA: /ˈpassiːh(t)/

### Verb

bassit
* to bake
* to grill

#### Further reading

* Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
# łatgalski
## Polish
### Etymology

From Łatgalia +‎ -ski.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wadˈɡal.ski/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -alski
* Syllabification: łat‧gal‧ski

### Adjective

łatgalski (not comparable, no derived adverb)
* (relational) Latgale, Latgalian (of or pertaining to Latgale or its inhabitants)

#### Declension

$^1$Archaic.

### Noun

łatgalski m inan
* Latgalian (Eastern Baltic language spoken in Latgale)

#### Related terms

* Łatgal
* Łatgalia
* Łatgalka

### Further reading

* łatgalski in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# derailable
## English
### Etymology

From derail +‎ -able.

### Adjective

derailable (comparative more derailable, superlative most derailable)
* Capable of being derailed.

#### Derived terms

* nonderailable
* underailable
# przerzedzić
## Polish
### Etymology

From prze- +‎ rzedzić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pʂɛˈʐɛ.d͡ʑit͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛd͡ʑit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: prze‧rze‧dzić

### Verb

przerzedzić pf (imperfective przerzedzać)
* (transitive) to thin out (to make sparse)
    Synonym: rozgęścić
* (transitive) to diminish, to lessen, to reduce (to make less)
    Synonym: uszczuplić
* (reflexive with się) to thin out (to become sparse)
    Synonyms: zrzednąć, zrzednieć
* (reflexive with się) to diminish, to lessen, to reduce (to become less)
    Synonym: uszczuplić się

#### Derived terms

* przerzedzony
* przerzedzenie

### Further reading

* przerzedzić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# uwaga
## Polish
### Etymology

Deverbal from uważyć. First attested in 1656–1688. Compare Kashubian ùwôga and Silesian uwŏga.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /uˈva.ɡa/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /uˈvɒ.ɡa/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɡa
* Syllabification: u‧wa‧ga

### Noun

uwaga f
* (uncountable) attention (concentration on something)
    Synonyms: koncentracja, skupienie, natężenie
* (uncountable) attention (ability to concentrate)
    Synonyms: koncentracja, skupienie, natężenie
* (countable) remark (expression, in speech or writing, of something remarked or noticed; a mention of something; observation, comment, or statement)
    Synonym: komentarz
* (countable) remark (light critique)
* (countable) remark (note entered in a student's notebook by a teacher)
* (countable, obsolete) cause
    Synonym: przyczyna
* (Middle Polish) caution, prudence
    Synonyms: roztropność, uważność

#### Derived terms

* uważny
* odwrócić uwagę pf, odwracać uwagę impf
* przywiązywać wagę impf
* wziąć pod uwagę pf, brać pod uwagę impf
* znaleźć się w centrum uwagi pf, znajdować się w centrum uwagi impf
* zwrócić uwagę pf, zwracać uwagę impf

#### Related terms

* uważnie
* uważność
* waga
* uważyć pf, uważać impf
* ważyć impf

#### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), uwaga is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 58 times in scientific texts, 44 times in news, 106 times in essays, 32 times in fiction, and 26 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 266 times, making it the 192nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### Interjection

uwaga!
* attention!; warning!; caution! watch out!

### References

* ↑ “UWAGA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 07.05.2010
* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “uwaga”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 645

### Further reading

* uwaga in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* uwaga in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “uwaga”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “uwaga”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “uwaga”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 409
# dreidl
## English
### Noun

dreidl (plural dreidls)
* Alternative spelling of dreidel

### Anagrams

* Riddle, lidder, riddle

## Welsh
### Etymology

From English dreidel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /drei̯dl/, [ˈdrei̯dl̩]

### Noun

dreidl m (plural dreidlau)
* dreidel

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
# hirurogei
## Basque
### Etymology

From hiru(r) (“three”) +‎ hogei (“twenty”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Navarro-Lapurdian) /hiɾuɾoɡei̯/ [hi.ɾu.ɾo.ɣ̞ei̯]
* IPA: (Southern) /iɾuɾoɡei̯/ [i.ɾu.ɾo.ɣ̞ei̯]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -oɡei̯
* Hyphenation: hi‧ru‧ro‧gei

### Numeral

hirurogei
* sixty

#### Derived terms

* hirurogeigarren (“sixtieth”)
* hirurogeina (“sixty each”)
* hirurogeinaka (“in groups of sixty”)
* hirurogeiren (“sixtieth”)
* hirurogeitar (“sexagesimal”)

### Further reading

* “hirurogei”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
* “hirurogei”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
# роҳ
## Tajik

Regional synonyms of "road" :
| Dari | سرک |
| Iranian Persian | جاده |
| Tajik | роҳ |

### Alternative forms

* (poetic variant) раҳ (rah)

### Etymology

Inherited from Classical Persian رَاه (rāh, “road, way”). .

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /roh/, [ɾɔʱ]

### Noun

роҳ • (roh) (Persian spelling راه)
* road
* way
* path

#### Inflection

Inflection of роҳ :
| | | singular | plural |
| sound | broken$^1$ | or broken$^1$ |
| bare | bare | роҳ roh | роҳҳо rohho | [Term?] | [Term?] |
| definite object | definite object | роҳро rohro | роҳҳоро rohhoro | ро ro | ро ro |
| izofa | izofa | роҳи roh-i | роҳҳои rohho-yi | и i | и i |
| indefinite, definite relative | bare | роҳе rohe | — | — | — |
| indefinite, definite relative | object | роҳеро rohero | — | — | — |
Possessive forms of роҳ :
| | | singular | plural |
| sound | broken$^1$ | broken$^1$ |
| bare | 1st singular | роҳам roham | роҳҳоям rohhoyam | ам am | ам am |
| bare | 2nd singular | роҳат rohat | роҳҳоят rohhoyat | ат at | ат at |
| bare | 3rd singular | роҳаш rohaš | роҳҳояш rohhoyaš | аш aš | аш aš |
| bare | 1st plural | роҳамон rohamon | роҳҳоямон rohhoyamon | амон amon | амон amon |
| bare | 2nd plural | роҳатон rohaton | роҳҳоятон rohhoyaton | атон aton | атон aton |
| bare | 3rd plural | роҳашон rohašon | роҳҳояшон rohhoyašon | ашон ašon | ашон ašon |
| | | singular | plural |
| sound | broken$^1$ | broken$^1$ |
| definite object | 1st singular | роҳамро rohamro | роҳҳоямро rohhoyamro | амро amro | амро amro |
| definite object | 2nd singular | роҳатро rohatro | роҳҳоятро rohhoyatro | атро atro | атро atro |
| definite object | 3rd singular | роҳашро rohašro | роҳҳояшро rohhoyašro | ашро ašro | ашро ašro |
| definite object | 1st plural | роҳамонро rohamonro | роҳҳоямонро rohhoyamonro | амонро amonro | амонро amonro |
| definite object | 2nd plural | роҳатонро rohatonro | роҳҳоятонро rohhoyatonro | атонро atonro | атонро atonro |
| definite object | 3rd plural | роҳашонро rohašonro | роҳҳояшонро rohhoyašonro | ашонро ašonro | ашонро ašonro |

#### Derived terms

* Роҳи Каҳкашон (Roh-i Kahkašon)
* роҳӣ (rohi)
* роҳоҳан (rohohan)
* ҳамроҳ (hamroh)
* ҳамроҳак (hamrohak)
* ҳамроҳӣ (hamrohi)
* шоҳроҳ (šohroh)

### Further reading

* роҳ on the Tajik Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{tg}$
* “роҳ”, in Вожаҷӯ / واژه‌جو [Vožajü] (in Tajik), 2024
# týral
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtiːral]

### Participle

týral
* masculine singular past active participle of týrat
# pytlák
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpɪtlaːk]
* Hyphenation: pyt‧lák

### Noun

pytlák m anim (female equivalent pytlačka)
* poacher (a person who trespasses in order to take game illegally)

#### Related terms

* pytlačit
* pytláctví

### Further reading

* “pytlák”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “pytlák”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# dermatologic
## English
### Adjective

dermatologic (not comparable)
* dermatological

#### Derived terms

* nondermatologic
* psychodermatologic

#### Translations
## Interlingua
### Adjective

dermatologic (not comparable)
* dermatological

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French dermatologique.

### Adjective

dermatologic m or n (feminine singular dermatologică, masculine plural dermatologici, feminine and neuter plural dermatologice)
* dermatological

#### Related terms

* dermatologie
# digitoxigenin
## English
### Noun

digitoxigenin (countable and uncountable, plural digitoxigenins)
* (organic chemistry) A cardenolide, the aglycone of digitoxin, usually obtained by hydrolysis.

#### Derived terms

* glucodigitoxigenin
# altercación
## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin altercātiōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /alteɾkaˈθjon/ [al̪.t̪eɾ.kaˈθjõn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /alteɾkaˈsjon/ [al̪.t̪eɾ.kaˈsjõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: al‧ter‧ca‧ción

### Noun

altercación f (plural altercaciones)
* (rare) altercation
    Synonyms: altercado, disputa

#### Related terms

* altercar

### Further reading

* “altercación”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# dreidle
## English
### Noun

dreidle (plural dreidles)
* Alternative spelling of dreidel

### Anagrams

* dreidel, riddlee
# colestasis
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kolesˈtasis/ [ko.lesˈt̪a.sis]
* Rhymes: -asis
* Syllabification: co‧les‧ta‧sis

### Noun

colestasis f (plural colestasises)
* (medicine) cholestasis

#### Derived terms

* colestásico
# čnít
## Czech
### Alternative forms

* čnět

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɲiːt]
* Hyphenation: čnít

### Verb

čnít impf
* to tower, to dominate, to soar
    Synonyms: tyčit, převyšovat, vypínat, strmět, trčet
    V dáli čněly věže nejbližšího města. ― The towers of the nearest town soared in the distance.

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | čnít, čníti | Active adjective | čnící, čnějící |
| Verbal noun | — | Passive adjective | — |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | čním | čníme | — | čněme |
| 2nd person | čníš | čníte | čni | čněte |
| 3rd person | ční | ční, čnějí | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive čnít.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | čněl | čněli | čněn | čněni |
| masculine inanimate | čněl | čněly | čněn | čněny |
| feminine | čněla | čněly | čněna | čněny |
| neuter | čnělo | čněla | čněno | čněna |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | čně, čněje | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | čníc, čnějíc | — |
| plural | čníce, čnějíce | — |

#### Related terms

* čnělka
* přečnívat
* vyčnívat

### Further reading

* “čníti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “čníti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “čnít”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# wygłup
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvɘ.ɡwup/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘɡwup
* Syllabification: wy‧głup

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from wygłupić.

#### Noun

wygłup m inan
* (usually in the plural) tomfoolery (foolish behavior or speech)

##### Related terms

* głupawka
* głupi

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

wygłup
* second-person singular imperative of wygłupić

### Further reading

* wygłup in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wygłup in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# especialmente
## Galician
### Etymology

From especial +‎ -mente.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /espeˌθjalˈmente/ [es̺.peˌθjɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]
* IPA: (standard) /espeˌθjalˈmente/ [es̺.peˌθjɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]
* IPA: (seseo) /espeˌsjalˈmente/ [es.peˌsjɑlˈmẽn̪.t̪ɪ]
* Rhymes: -ente
* Hyphenation: es‧pe‧cial‧men‧te

### Adverb

especialmente
* specially
* especially, particularly

#### Related terms

* especial
* especialidade
* especialista
* especializar
* especialización

### Further reading

* “especialmente”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From especial +‎ -mente.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /is.pe.siˌawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [is.pe.sɪˌaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi], (faster pronunciation) /is.peˌsjawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [is.peˌsjaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi], /es.pe.siˌawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [es.pe.sɪˌaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi], (faster pronunciation) /es.peˌsjawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [es.peˌsjaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi]
* (Brazil) IPA: /is.pe.siˌawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [is.pe.sɪˌaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi], (faster pronunciation) /is.peˌsjawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [is.peˌsjaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi], /es.pe.siˌawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [es.pe.sɪˌaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi], (faster pronunciation) /es.peˌsjawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [es.peˌsjaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /iʃ.pe.siˌawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [iʃ.pe.sɪˌaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi], (faster pronunciation) /iʃ.peˌsjawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [iʃ.peˌsjaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi], /eʃ.pe.siˌawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [eʃ.pe.sɪˌaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi], (faster pronunciation) /eʃ.peˌsjawˈmẽ.t͡ʃi/ [eʃ.peˌsjaʊ̯ˈmẽ.t͡ʃi]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /es.pe.siˌawˈmẽ.te/ [es.pe.sɪˌaʊ̯ˈmẽ.te], (faster pronunciation) /es.peˌsjawˈmẽ.te/ [es.peˌsjaʊ̯ˈmẽ.te]
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.pɨˌsjalˈmẽ.tɨ/ [(i)ʃ.pɨˌsjaɫˈmẽ.tɨ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.pɨˌsjalˈmẽ.tɨ/ [(i)ʃ.pɨˌsjaɫˈmẽ.tɨ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /(i)ʃ.pɨˌsja.liˈmẽ.tɨ/
* Rhymes: (Portugal) -ẽtɨ, (Brazil) -ẽt͡ʃi
* Hyphenation: es‧pe‧ci‧al‧men‧te

### Adverb

especialmente
* especially, particularly

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish espeçialmente, especialmente, equivalent to especial +‎ -mente.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /esˌpeθjalˈmente/ [esˌpe.θjalˈmẽn̪.t̪e]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /esˌpesjalˈmente/ [esˌpe.sjalˈmẽn̪.t̪e]
* Rhymes: -ente
* Syllabification: es‧pe‧cial‧men‧te

### Adverb

especialmente
* specially
* especially

#### Related terms

* especial
* especialidad
* especialista

### Further reading

* “especialmente”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# bašta
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbaʃta]

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech bašta, from Italian bastia.

#### Noun

bašta f
* bastion
* hut on a pond dam

##### Derived terms

* baštýř

### Etymology 2

Uncertain, probably from Italian pasto (“meal”).

#### Noun

bašta f
* (colloquial) enjoyable food
    To je ale bašta! ― What a great food!

##### Derived terms

* baštit

### References

* ↑ Václav Machek (1968) “bašta 1°”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia
* ↑ Jiří Rejzek (2007) “bašta¹”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda
* ↑ Václav Machek (1968) “bašta 2°”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia
* ↑ Jiří Rejzek (2007) “bašta²”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda

### Further reading

* “bašta”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “bašta”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “bašta”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Old Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian bastia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈbaʃta/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈbaʃta/

### Noun

bašta f
* bastion (outer projection of a fortification wall, especially a fortification tower)
* siege tower, especially a wooden one
* fortification, fortress

#### Descendants

* Czech: bašta
* Old Polish: baszta
** Polish: baszta, basta (Middle Polish)
*** → Kashubian: baszta

### References

* ↑ Václav Machek (1968) “bašta 1°”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia
* ↑ Jiří Rejzek (2007) “bašta¹”, in Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Leda
* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “bašta”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* bášča

### Etymology 1

From bašča, from Ottoman Turkish باغچه (bâğçe), from Persian باغچه (bâğče), diminutive of باغ (bâğ).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bǎːʃta/
* Hyphenation: ba‧šta

#### Noun

bášta f (Cyrillic spelling ба́шта)
* (Bosnia, regional Croatia, Serbia) garden
    Synonym: vrt

##### Derived terms

* baštenski

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Hungarian bástya.

#### Noun

bašta f (Cyrillic spelling башта)
* bastion

##### Declension
### References

* ↑ Petar Skok, Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika, 1971, Z., p. 119

## Slovak
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian bastia.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbaʃta]

### Noun

bašta f
* bastion
* hut on a pond dam

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Králik, Ľubor (2016) “bašta”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak] (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 64

### Further reading

* “bašta”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025
# zemdlić
## Polish
### Etymology

From ze- +‎ mdlić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈzɛ.mdlit͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɛmdlit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ze‧mdlić

### Verb

zemdlić pf (imperfective mdlić)
* (intransitive) to nauseate, to sicken
    Synonym: znudzić
* (transitive, obsolete) to enervate, to enfeeble, to weaken
    Synonym: osłabić

#### Related terms

* mdławy
* mdły
* mdłości
* mdleć

### Further reading

* zemdlić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* zemdlić in Polish dictionaries at PWN