OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# zvěrolékař
## Czech
### Etymology

From zvíře +‎ -o- +‎ lékař.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzvjɛrolɛːkar̝̊]
* Hyphenation: zvě‧ro‧lé‧kář

### Noun

zvěrolékař m anim (female equivalent zvěrolékařka, relational adjective zvěrolékařský)
* veterinarian
    Synonyms: veterinární lékař, veterinář

#### Derived terms

* zvěrolékařství n

#### Related terms

* lékař m anim
* zvíře n

### Further reading

* “zvěrolékař”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “zvěrolékař”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “zvěrolékař”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# bawny
## Polish
### Etymology

From bawić +‎ -ny.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbav.nɘ/
* Rhymes: -avnɘ
* Syllabification: baw‧ny

### Adjective

bawny (comparative bawniejszy, superlative najbawniejszy, derived adverb bawnie)
* (archaic) fun
    Synonym: zabawny

#### Related terms

* bawialka
* bawialnia
* bawiciel
* bawidamek
* bawidamkostwo
* bawidełko
* bawidło
* bawić impf

### Further reading

* bawny in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# breviářům
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈbrɛvɪjaːr̝uːm]

### Noun

breviářům
* dative plural of breviář
# nadaremnie
## Polish
### Etymology

From nadaremny +‎ -ie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /na.daˈrɛm.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛmɲɛ
* Syllabification: na‧da‧rem‧nie

### Adverb

nadaremnie (not comparable)
* (literary) ineffectively, ineffectually (futilely)
    Synonyms: bezskutecznie, nadaremno

#### Related terms

* nadaremny
* na darmo
* nadaremno

### Further reading

* nadaremnie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* nadaremnie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# analgetyk
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀνάλγητος (análgētos). First attested in the.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.nalˈɡɛ.tɘk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛtɘk
* Syllabification: a‧nal‧ge‧tyk

### Noun

analgetyk m inan
* (pharmacology) analgesic (medicine that reduces pain)

#### Derived terms

* analgetyczny

#### Related terms

* analgezja

### References

* ↑ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “analgetyk”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
* ↑ Polski Kalendarz Lekarski na rok‎ (in Polish), volume 3, 1928, page 661

### Further reading

* analgetyk in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* analgetyk in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* analgetyk in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# duodecaphony
## English
### Etymology

From duodeca- +‎ -phony.

### Noun

duodecaphony (uncountable)
* Alternative spelling of dodecaphony

#### Derived terms

* duodecaphonic
# akcentolog
## Polish
### Etymology

Back-formation from akcentologia. First attested in 1898.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ak.t͡sɛnˈtɔ.lɔk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔlɔk
* Syllabification: ak‧cen‧to‧log

### Noun

akcentolog m pers
* (phonology) accentologist (one who studies accents)

#### Related terms

* akcentacyjny
* akcentowy
* akcentuacyjny
* akcentuacyjnie
* akcencik
* akcent
* akcentacja
* akcentologia
* akcentuacja
* akcentować
* zaakcentować

### References

* ↑ Muzeum : czasopismo wydawane przez Towarzystwo Nauczycieli Szkół Wyższych‎, number R.14, z.1, 1898, page 75
* ↑ akcentolog in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

### Further reading

* akcentolog in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# nounhood
## English
### Etymology

From noun +‎ -hood.

### Noun

nounhood (uncountable)
* The quality of being a noun.
** 2009 August 9, Ben Zimmer, “How Fail Went From Verb to Interjection”, in New York Times‎:It made occasional forays into nounhood, in fixed expressions like without fail and no-fail.

#### Derived terms

* proper nounhood
# matowy
## Polish
### Etymology

From mat +‎ -owy.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maˈtɔ.vɘ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvɘ
* Syllabification: ma‧to‧wy

### Adjective

matowy (comparative bardziej matowy, superlative najbardziej matowy, derived adverb matowo)
* matte, lusterless, dull
    Antonyms: błyszczący, połyskliwy
* (of glass) opaque (not see-through)
    Antonym: przejrzysty
* (of sounds, voice) quiet, muffled
* (relational, chess) checkmate (of or pertaining to checkmate in chess)

#### Related terms

* mat
* matowość
* matowieć
* zmatowieć

### Further reading

* matowy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* matowy in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# conid
## English
### Noun

conid (plural conids)
* (zoology) Any mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails.
* (dentistry) One of the vaguely cone-shaped bumps (cusps) that appear on the surface of a lower molar.
** 1987, Rajan Gaur, Environment and ecology of early man in northwest India:This high crowned tooth presents a complex pattern of conids, conulids, accessory tubercles and valleys.
** 1989, Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 226:At the end of the oblique cristid there is only a very faint swelling which might be called the mesolingual conid. The anterolingual conid is not well developed.
** 2007, Pakistan Journal of Zoology, volume 39, page 335:PUPC 96/44 is an isolated first molar of left mandibular ramus and all the four conids are fully developed.

#### Derived terms

* anteroconid
* conulid
* entoconid
* hypoconid
* mesoconid
* metaconid
* paraconid
* posteroconid
* protoconid

### Anagrams

* INDOC
# めい
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of めい – see the following entries. :
| 【姪】J | [noun] the daughter of one's sibling: a niece |
| 【名】1 | [counter] counter word for people, persons [noun] name [prefix] famous, great, noted |
| 【茗】H | [noun] tea, especially tea picked later in the season |
| 【銘】S | [noun] inscription |
| 【明】2 | [affix] bright, brightening [affix] clarifying, understanding [affix] brighten, enlighten [affix] open to the world [affix] deity, god [noun] brightness [noun] insight [noun] eyesight, vision |
| 【命】3 | [noun] fate, destiny [noun] life, lifespan [noun] order, command |
| 【愛あづみ】4 | [proper noun] a female given name Alternative spellings 真, ああい, あゝい, あいか, あいす, あき, あこ, あみか, あおい, ありさ, あや, あゆ, ちぎり, ちか, ちかし, えりな, はあと, ひかり, いと, いとし, いつみ, いずみ, かな, かなえ, かなさ, きずな, こころ, こゝろ, このむ, まどか, まなぶ, まなみ, めづる, めご, めぐ, めぐみ, めぐむ, なる, なるこ, のぞみ, らぶ, るい, さら, さらん, つぐみ, つくみ, うい, よし, よしき, よしみ |
(This term, めい (mei), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as めい, see Category:Japanese kanji read as めい.) :
(The following entries are uncreated: 酩, 冥, 溟, 暝, 瞑, 螟, 迷, 謎, 盟, 鳴.)
# dražitel
## Czech
### Etymology

From dražit (“to auction, to bid”) +‎ -tel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdraʒɪtɛl]
* Rhymes: -ɪtɛl
* Hyphenation: dra‧ži‧tel

### Noun

dražitel m anim (female equivalent dražitelka, relational adjective dražitelský)
* bidder (at an auction)
* auctioneer
    Synonyms: dražebník, licitátor

#### Related terms

* drahý
* dražba
* dražit
* vydražitel

### Further reading

* “dražitel”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “dražitel”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “dražitel” in Akademický slovník současné češtiny, 2012–2025, slovnikcestiny.cz
* “dražitel”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# mirada
## Asturian
### Participle

mirada f sg
* feminine singular of miráu

## Catalan
### Etymology

From mirar +‎ -ada.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [miˈɾa.ðə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [miˈɾa.ða]

### Noun

mirada f (plural mirades)
* look; gaze

### Participle

mirada f sg
* feminine singular of mirat

### Further reading

* “mirada” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Galician
### Noun

mirada f (plural miradas)
* look; gaze

### Participle

mirada f sg
* feminine singular of mirado

## Portuguese
### Participle

mirada f sg
* feminine singular of mirado

## Spanish
### Etymology

From the participle of mirar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /miˈɾada/ [miˈɾa.ð̞a]
* Rhymes: -ada
* Syllabification: mi‧ra‧da

### Noun

mirada f (plural miradas)
* look, glance
    Synonyms: vistazo, ojeada

#### Derived terms

* mirada masculina
* si la mirada matara

### Participle

mirada f sg
* feminine singular of mirado

### Further reading

* “mirada”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Awstralska
## Upper Sorbian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈawstʀalska/
* Rhymes: -alska
* Hyphenation: Aw‧s‧t‧ral‧s‧ka
* Syllabification: Aws‧tral‧ska

### Noun

Awstralska f
* Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

#### Related terms

* awstralski
* Awstralčan m pers
* Awstralčanka f
* Awstralija f

### References

* “Awstralska” in Soblex
# lehoi
## Basque
### Etymology

Ultimately from Latin leōnem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Navarro-Lapurdian) /lehoi̯/ [le.hoi̯]
* IPA: (Southern) /leoi̯/ [le.oi̯]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ehoi̯
* Rhymes: -eoi̯
* Hyphenation: le‧hoi

### Noun

lehoi anim
* lion

#### Derived terms

* lehoikume
* lehoinabar (“panther”)
* lehoitegi
* lehoitzar

### Further reading

* “lehoi”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
* “lehoi”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
# fokarium
## Polish
### Etymology

From foka +‎ -arium.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fɔˈka.rjum/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -arjum
* Syllabification: fo‧ka‧rium

### Noun

fokarium n
* seal sanctuary

#### Related terms

* foczy
* foczka
* foka

### Further reading

* fokarium in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# ơn trên
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

ơn +‎ trên.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔəːn˧˧ t͡ɕen˧˧]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔəːŋ˧˧ ʈen˧˧]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔəːŋ˧˧ ʈəːn˧˧]

### Noun

ơn trên
* (formal, Christianity) God willing
** Before 1975, “Nàng [My Darling]”, performed by Trung Chỉnh:Nàng yêu ơi, anh yêu nàng say đắm Phúc ơn trên xui khiến cho duyên này... My darling, I love you so hard, as if God's will induced me to do so...
# kácení
## Czech
### Etymology

From kácet +‎ -ení.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkaːt͡sɛɲiː]

### Noun

kácení n
* verbal noun of kácet
* felling

#### Related terms

* kácet
* skácet

### Further reading

* “kácení”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
# beloving
## English
### Adjective

beloving (comparative more beloving, superlative most beloving)
* (obsolete) Loving.
** c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:You shall be more beloving than beloved.

#### Derived terms

* belovingly

#### Related terms

* beloved
# laskavě
## Czech
### Etymology

From laskavý +‎ -ě.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlaskavjɛ]

### Adverb

laskavě (comparative laskavěji, superlative nejlaskavěji)
* kindly

#### Related terms

* laskavost f
* laskavý

### Further reading

* “laskavě”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “laskavě”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “laskavě”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# αἰόλος
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Of unclear origin. The word has been connected with αἰών (aiṓn, “lifetime”) and Sanskrit आयु (āyu, “life, vital force”) (< *h₂óyu), but this is formally improbable. Alternatively, the word may be from Proto-Hellenic *walwólos, from Proto-Indo-European *welwel-, a reduplication of the root *wel- (“to turn”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ai̯.ó.los/ → /ɛˈo.los/ → /eˈo.los/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ai̯.ó.los/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ɛˈo.los/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ɛˈo.los/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /eˈo.los/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /eˈo.los/

### Adjective

αἰόλος • (aiólos) m (feminine αἰόλη, neuter αἰόλον); first/second declension
* quick, nimble, swift
* wriggling (of worms)
* glittering, sheeny (of armours)
* chequered, changeful
* shifty, slippery

#### Derived terms

* αἰολάομαι (aioláomai)
* αἰόλειος (aióleios)
* αἰολέω (aioléō)
* αἰόλησις (aiólēsis)
* αἰολίας (aiolías)
* αἰολίδας (aiolídas)
* αἰολίζω (aiolízō)
* αἰόλίσμα (aiólísma)
* αἰόλλω (aióllō)
* αἰολόβουλος (aiolóboulos)
* αἰολοβρόντης (aiolobróntēs)
* αἰολόδακρυς (aiolódakrus)
* αἰολοδείκτης (aiolodeíktēs)
* αἰολόδειρος (aiolódeiros)
* αἰολόδωρος (aiolódōros)
* αἰολοθώρηξ (aiolothṓrēx)
* αἰολόμητις (aiolómētis)
* αἰολομίτρης (aiolomítrēs)
* αἰολόμολπος (aiolómolpos)
* αἰολόμορφος (aiolómorphos)
* αἰολόνωτος (aiolónōtos)
* αἰολόπεπλος (aiolópeplos)
* αἰολόπους (aiolópous)
* αἰολόπρυμνος (aiolóprumnos)
* αἰολοπτέρυξ (aioloptérux)
* αἰολόπωλος (aiolópōlos)
* αἰολόστομος (aiolóstomos)
* αἰολόφοιτος (aiolóphoitos)
* αἰολόφυλος (aiolóphulos)
* αἰολόφωνος (aiolóphōnos)
* αἰολοχαίτης (aiolokhaítēs)
* αἰολόχρως (aiolókhrōs)
* παναίολος (panaíolos)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “αἰόλος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41

### Further reading

* “αἰόλος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* αἰόλος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* “αἰόλος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
# czempion
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* champion (unadapted)

### Etymology

Borrowed from English champion. Doublet of szampion.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʂɛm.pjɔn/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛmpjɔn
* Syllabification: czem‧pion

### Noun

czempion m pers (female equivalent czempionka)
* (sports) champion (someone who has been winner in a contest)
    Synonym: mistrz

#### Declension
### Noun

czempion m animal
* champion (animal that has won a competition or contest)

#### Related terms

* czempionat
* czempioństwo

### Further reading

* czempion in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# rekuza
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin recūsō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rɛˈku.za/
* Rhymes: -uza
* Syllabification: re‧ku‧za

### Noun

rekuza f
* (obsolete) rejection of a marriage proposal
    Synonym: odkosz

#### Derived terms

* rekuzować

### Further reading

* rekuza in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “rekuza”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1912), “rekuza”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 5, Warsaw, page 509
# drosophilid
## English
### Noun

drosophilid (plural drosophilids)
* (zoology) Any member of the Drosophilidae.
** 2005, David K. Yeates, Brian M. Wiegmann, The Evolutionary Biology of Flies, page 372:Domestication and the evolution of anthrophilic traits in houseflies and some drosophilids have allowed certain species to attain cosmopolitan status.

#### Derived terms

* nondrosophilid
# らぶ
## Japanese
### Etymology

From English love. Compare ラブ.
For pronunciation and definitions of らぶ – see the following entry. :
| 【愛あづみ】4 | [proper noun] a female given name Alternative spellings 真, ああい, あゝい, あいか, あいす, あき, あこ, あみか, あおい, ありさ, あや, あゆ, ちぎり, ちか, ちかし, えりな, はあと, ひかり, いと, いとし, いつみ, いずみ, かな, かなえ, かなさ, きずな, こころ, こゝろ, このむ, まどか, まなぶ, まなみ, めづる, めご, めぐ, めぐみ, めぐむ, めい, なる, なるこ, のぞみ, るい, さら, さらん, つぐみ, つくみ, うい, よし, よしき, よしみ |
(This term, らぶ (rabu), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# ekosystem
## Polish
### Etymology

From eko- +‎ system.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɛ.kɔˈsɘs.tɛm/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘstɛm
* Syllabification: e‧ko‧sys‧tem

### Noun

ekosystem m inan (related adjective ekosystemowy)
* (ecology) ecosystem (system of an ecological community and its environment)

#### Derived terms

* agroekosystem

### Further reading

* ekosystem in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ekosystem in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Swedish
### Etymology

eko- +‎ system

### Noun

ekosystem n
* an ecosystem

#### Declension

| | | nominative | genitive |
| singular | indefinite | ekosystem | ekosystems |
| singular | definite | ekosystemet | ekosystemets |
| plural | indefinite | ekosystem | ekosystems |
| plural | definite | ekosystemen | ekosystemens |
# efeb
## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἔφηβος (éphēbos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛ.fɛp/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛfɛp
* Syllabification: e‧feb

### Noun

efeb m pers
* (Ancient Greece, historical, military) ephebe, ephebos (18- to 20-year-old man in ancient Greece undergoing military training)
* (by extension) ephebe (young man with a harmonious body)
    Synonyms: cherub, cherubin

#### Related terms

* efebia

### Further reading

* efeb in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* efeb in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French éphèbe or Latin ephebus.

### Noun

efeb m (plural efebi)
* a male Greek youth
# ruszczyć
## Polish
### Etymology

From ruski +‎ -yć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈruʂ.t͡ʂɘt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -uʂt͡ʂɘt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: rusz‧czyć

### Verb

ruszczyć impf (perfective zruszczyć)
* (transitive, politics) to Russify (to force someone to adopt Russian culture and customs and use the Russian language)
    Coordinate terms: rusyfikować, sowietyzować, zruszczać
* (reflexive with się, politics) to Russify oneself (to become Russian or to adopt Russian traits)
    Coordinate terms: rusyfikować się, zruszczać się

#### Related terms

* zruszczać impf

### Further reading

* ruszczyć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ruszczyć się in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ruszczyć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# nevěsta
## Czech
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech nevěsta, from Proto-Slavic *nevěsta.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnɛvjɛsta]

### Noun

nevěsta f
* bride
    Antonym: ženich
    Nevěsta se závojem. ― Bride with veil.

#### Related terms

* nevěstin
* nevěstinec
* nevěstka

### Further reading

* “nevěsta”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “nevěsta”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “nevěsta”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# extradición
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /eɡstɾadiˈθjon/ [eɣ̞s.t̪ɾa.ð̞iˈθjõn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /eɡstɾadiˈsjon/ [eɣ̞s.t̪ɾa.ð̞iˈsjõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: ex‧tra‧di‧ción

### Noun

extradición f (plural extradiciones)
* extradition

#### Related terms

* extraditar

### Further reading

* “extradición”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Steinbock
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German steinboc, synchronically analyzed as Stein (“stone”) +‎ Bock (“buck, ram”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃtaɪ̯nˌbɔk]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Steinbock m (strong, genitive Steinbockes or Steinbocks, plural Steinböcke)
* ibex
* (astronomy) Capricorn (constellation)
* (astrology) Capricorn (zodiac sign)

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Descendants

* → Italian: stambecco

### See also

Zodiac signs in German (layout · text) :
| Widder | Stier | Zwillinge | Krebs |
| Löwe | Jungfrau | Waage | Skorpion |
| Schütze | Steinbock | Wassermann | Fische |

### Further reading

* “Steinbock” in Duden online
* “Steinbock” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
# arrollador
## Spanish
### Etymology

From arrollar +‎ -dor.

### Adjective

arrollador (feminine arrolladora, masculine plural arrolladores, feminine plural arrolladoras)
* dumbfounding, amazing, overwhelming

#### Derived terms

* arrolladoramente

### Further reading

* “arrollador”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# fogoso
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From fogo (“fire”) +‎ -oso (“-ous”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /foˈɡo.zu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /foˈɡo.zu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /foˈɡo.zo/
* (Portugal) IPA: /fuˈɡo.zu/ [fuˈɣo.zu]
* Rhymes: -ozu
* Hyphenation: fo‧go‧so

### Adjective

fogoso (feminine fogosa, masculine plural fogosos, feminine plural fogosas, metaphonic)
* enthusiastic
* salacious (promoting sexual desire or lust)
* hot-headed

#### Derived terms

* fogosamente

## Spanish
### Etymology

Calque of French fougueux, from fuego (“fire”) +‎ -oso. The occurrence of fuego is an error; the original term is derived from French fougue (“enthusiasm”), from Italian foga, from Latin fuga (“escape, flight, avoidance”), cognate with English fugue.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /foˈɡoso/ [foˈɣ̞o.so]
* Rhymes: -oso
* Syllabification: fo‧go‧so

### Adjective

fogoso (feminine fogosa, masculine plural fogosos, feminine plural fogosas)
* ardent (especially sexually)
    Synonym: ardiente

#### Derived terms

* fogosamente
* fogosidad

### Further reading

* “fogoso”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# niemal
## Polish
### Etymology

Clipping of Old Polish niemalem.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɲɛ.mal/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈɲɛ.mɒl/, /ˈɲe.mɒl/
* Audio 1:(file)
* Audio 2:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛmal
* Syllabification: nie‧mal

### Particle

niemal
* almost, nearly
    Synonyms: bez mała, jakby, niejako, nieledwie, niemalże, nieomal, nieomalże, prawie

#### Derived terms

* niemalże

### Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), niemal is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 28 times in scientific texts, 12 times in news, 18 times in essays, 19 times in fiction, and 1 time in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 78 times, making it the 822nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

### References

* ↑ Ida Kurcz (1990) “niemal”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 283

### Further reading

* niemal in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* niemal in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “niemal”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “niemal”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “niemal”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “niemal”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 290