# 碩

| 碩 | U+78A9, &#30889; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78A9 |
| ← 碨 [U+78A8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 碪 → [U+78AA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

碩 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一口一月金 (MRMBC), four-corner 1168$_6$, composition ⿰石頁)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 833, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24338
* Dae Jaweon: page 1250, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2442, character 7
* Unihan data for U+78A9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 碩
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 柘 | *tjaɡs |
| 妬 | *taːɡs |
| 蠹 | *taːɡs |
| 沰 | *taːɡ, *tʰaːɡ |
| 拓 | *tʰaːɡ, *tjaɡ |
| 橐 | *tʰaːɡ |
| 袥 | *tʰaːɡ |
| 驝 | *tʰaːɡ, *raːɡ |
| 斫 | *tjaɡ |
| 磭 | *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ |
| 磔 | *rtaːɡ |
| 跖 | *tjaɡ |
| 石 | *djaɡ |
| 碩 | *djaɡ |
| 祏 | *djaɡ |
| 鉐 | *djaɡ |
| 鼫 | *djaɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *djaɡ) : phonetic 石 (OC *djaɡ) + semantic 頁.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shuò, shí (shuo$^4$, shi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄛˋ, ㄕˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sek$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sa̍k
    (Hailu, HRS): shag$^ˋ$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sih$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): se̍k / sia̍k / si̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêg$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shuò
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shuò
*** Wade–Giles: shuo$^4$
*** Yale: shwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuoh
*** Palladius: шо (šo)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂu̯ɔ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shí
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shíh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^2$
*** Yale: shŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyr
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sek$^6$
*** Yale: sehk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sek$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ség$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛːk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sa̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: sag
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sag$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sak̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shag$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃak²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sih$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sih$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se̍k
*** Tâi-lô: si̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sek
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: sia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siak
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si̍t
*** Tâi-lô: si̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sit
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sit̚²⁴/
* sia̍k/se̍k - literary;
* si̍t - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: dzyek
Rime :
| Character | 碩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 常隻切 |
| Baxter | dzyek |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑiᴇk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɛk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑiæk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑiajk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiɛk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭɛk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʑi̯ɛk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sik$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]Ak/
    (Zhengzhang): /*djaɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 碩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shuò |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyek › |
| Old Chinese | /*[d]Ak/ |
| English | great, stately |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 碩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11471 |
| Phonetic component | 石 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 石 |
| Old Chinese | /*djaɡ/ |

### Definitions

碩
* large; big
* great; eminent
* beautiful; fine
* firm; stable
* Short for 碩士／硕士 (shuòshì, “master's degree”).
* a surname

### Compounds

* 健碩 / 健硕 (jiànshuò)
* 壯碩 / 壮硕
* 宏儒碩學 / 宏儒硕学
* 宏碩 / 宏硕
* 巨碩 / 巨硕
* 德碩年高 / 德硕年高
* 碩交 / 硕交
* 碩人 / 硕人 (shuòrén)
* 碩儒 / 硕儒
* 碩士 / 硕士 (shuòshì)
* 碩大 / 硕大 (shuòdà)
* 碩大無朋 / 硕大无朋 (shuòdàwúpéng)
* 碩學通儒 / 硕学通儒
* 碩彥 / 硕彦
* 碩彥名儒 / 硕彦名儒
* 碩望 / 硕望
* 碩果 / 硕果 (shuòguǒ)
* 碩果僅存 / 硕果仅存 (shuòguǒjǐncún)
* 碩螳 / 硕螳 (shuòtáng)
* 碩言 / 硕言
* 碩量 / 硕量
* 碩鼠 / 硕鼠
* 耆儒碩德 / 耆儒硕德
* 耆儒碩望 / 耆儒硕望
* 耆儒碩老 / 耆儒硕老
* 耆年碩德 / 耆年硕德
* 耆碩 / 耆硕
* 肥碩 / 肥硕 (féishí)
* 豐碩 / 丰硕 (fēngshuò)
* 高才碩學 / 高才硕学

### References

* “碩”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “硕”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 216.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* large
* great
* eminent

#### Readings

* Go-on: じゃく (jaku)
* Kan-on: せき (seki)
* Kun: おおきい (ōkī, 碩きい)

## Korean
### Hanja

碩 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

碩 (thạc, thượt)