# teann
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /tʲaun̪ˠ/
* (Galway) IPA: /tʲɑːn̪ˠ/
* (Mayo, Ulster) IPA: /tʲan̪ˠ/

### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish tenn, from Old Irish tend, probably from or related to Proto-Celtic *tanawyos, from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch, extend”), see also Welsh tynnu (“to pull, stretch, draw”).

#### Adjective

teann (genitive singular masculine teann, genitive singular feminine teinne, plural teanna, comparative teinne)
* tight, firm, stiff
* strong, bold, stout, powerful
    teann téagartha ― strong and thickset
* severe
* hardy

##### Declension

$^1$ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. $^2$ When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
* Archaic vocative/genitive singular masculine and dative singular feminine: teinn

### Etymology 2

From Middle Irish tenn, from Old Irish tend.

#### Noun

teann m (genitive singular teanna or teinne, nominative plural teanna or teannta)
* oppression, violence
* strain, distress, effort
* strength

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
teann
teanna
vocative
a theann
a theanna
genitive
teanna
teann
dative
teann
teanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an teann
na teanna
genitive
an teanna
na dteann
dative
leis an teann don teann
leis na teanna :
Alternative inflection:
bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
teann
teannta
vocative
a theann
a theannta
genitive
teinne
teannta
dative
teann
teannta
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an teann
na teannta
genitive
an teinne
na dteannta
dative
leis an teann don teann
leis na teannta :

##### Derived terms

* i dteann (“at the height of”)
* le teann (“by dint of, for the sake of”)

### Etymology 3

From Middle Irish tendaid. See Etymology 1 above.

#### Verb

teann (present analytic teannann, future analytic teannfaidh, verbal noun teannadh, past participle teannta)
* to press, urge
* to tighten, strain, strengthen
* to staunch
* to embrace

##### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | teannaim | teannann tú; teannair$^†$ | teannann sé, sí | teannaimid | teannann sibh | teannann siad; teannaid$^†$ | a theannann; a theannas / a dteannann* | teanntar |
| indicative | past | theann mé; theannas | theann tú; theannais | theann sé, sí | theannamar; theann muid | theann sibh; theannabhair | theann siad; theannadar | a theann / ar theann* | teannadh |
| indicative | past habitual | theannainn / dteannainn‡‡ | theanntá / dteanntá‡‡ | theannadh sé, sí / dteannadh sé, sí‡‡ | theannaimis; theannadh muid / dteannaimis‡‡; dteannadh muid‡‡ | theannadh sibh / dteannadh sibh‡‡ | theannaidís; theannadh siad / dteannaidís‡‡; dteannadh siad‡‡ | a theannadh / a dteannadh* | theanntaí / dteanntaí‡‡ |
| future | future | teannfaidh mé; teannfad | teannfaidh tú; teannfair$^†$ | teannfaidh sé, sí | teannfaimid; teannfaidh muid | teannfaidh sibh | teannfaidh siad; teannfaid$^†$ | a theannfaidh; a theannfas / a dteannfaidh* | teannfar |
| conditional | conditional | theannfainn / dteannfainn‡‡ | theannfá / dteannfá‡‡ | theannfadh sé, sí / dteannfadh sé, sí‡‡ | theannfaimis; theannfadh muid / dteannfaimis‡‡; dteannfadh muid‡‡ | theannfadh sibh / dteannfadh sibh‡‡ | theannfaidís; theannfadh siad / dteannfaidís‡‡; dteannfadh siad‡‡ | a theannfadh / a dteannfadh* | theannfaí / dteannfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go dteanna mé; go dteannad$^†$ | go dteanna tú; go dteannair$^†$ | go dteanna sé, sí | go dteannaimid; go dteanna muid | go dteanna sibh | go dteanna siad; go dteannaid$^†$ | — | go dteanntar |
| subjunctive | past | dá dteannainn | dá dteanntá | dá dteannadh sé, sí | dá dteannaimis; dá dteannadh muid | dá dteannadh sibh | dá dteannaidís; dá dteannadh siad | — | dá dteanntaí |
| imperative | imperative | teannaim | teann | teannadh sé, sí | teannaimis | teannaigí; teannaidh$^†$ | teannaidís | — | teanntar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | teannadh | teannadh | teannadh | teannadh | teannadh | teannadh | teannadh | teannadh |
| past participle | past participle | teannta | teannta | teannta | teannta | teannta | teannta | teannta | teannta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 388, page 129
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 tend ‘strong’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 tend ‘strength’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 tendaid ‘presses’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “teann”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 726
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “teannaim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 726
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “teann”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “teann”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “teann”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Middle Irish tenn, from Old Irish tend, probably from or related to Proto-Celtic *tanawyos, from Proto-Indo-European *ten- (“to stretch, extend”), see also Welsh tynnu (“to pull, stretch, draw”).

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis) IPA: /tʲʰãũn̪ˠ/
* (Uist, Barra, Skye) IPA: /tʃʰɛ̃ũn̪ˠ/

### Adjective

teann
* tight, tense, taut, firm, fixed
* severe, strict
* near, close

#### Derived terms

* teannaich (“tighten”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 tend ‘strong’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language