OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# chemsex
## English
### Etymology

From chem +‎ sex.

### Noun

chemsex (uncountable)
* (sexuality) Sexual intercourse under the influence of recreational drugs.
    Synonym: party and play
** 2015 November 5, Zoe Cormier, “Chemsex: how dangerous is it?”, in The Guardian‎:But of course, not all chemsex enthusiasts will look worse for wear – just as not all alcoholics will be found on a park bench.
** 2017, James Wharton, Something for the Weekend‎, Biteback Publishing, →ISBN:I have redonned my jeans, but the atmosphere at the next place will not require me to wear anything more than my underwear at most. We are going to a chemsex party.

#### Derived terms

* chemsexer

#### Translations
## Dutch
### Noun

chemsex m (uncountable)
* Alternative form of chemseks
# ἀπράγμων
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From ἀ- (a-) +‎ πρᾶγμα (prâgma) +‎ -ων (-ōn)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.prǎːŋ.mɔːn/ → /aˈpraɣ.mon/ → /aˈpraɣ.mon/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.prǎːŋ.mɔːn/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /aˈpraɡ.mon/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /aˈpraɣ.mon/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /aˈpraɣ.mon/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /aˈpraɣ.mon/

### Adjective

ἀπρᾱ́γμων • (aprā́gmōn) m or f (neuter ἀπρᾶγμον); third declension
* free from business, keeping clear of politics, enjoying an easy quiet life
* not troublesome or painful, without trouble

#### Descendants

* → Greek: απράγμων (aprágmon) (learned)

### Further reading

* ἀπράγμων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἀπράγμων in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
* “ἀπράγμων”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
* “ἀπράγμων”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. apathetic idem, page 33.detached idem, page 218.easy-tempered idem, page 260.inactive idem, page 427.indifferent idem, page 433.passive idem, page 597.peaceable idem, page 600.peaceful idem, page 601.phlegmatic idem, page 610.quiet idem, page 667.retirement idem, page 707.retiring idem, page 707.tranquil idem, page 887.unambitious idem, page 906.undisturbed idem, page 915.unenterprising idem, page 916.untroubled idem, page 935.
# utskift
## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

utskift
* imperative of utskifte
# Apulian
## English
### Etymology

From Apulia +‎ -n.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əˈpuːliːən/
* Rhymes: -uːliən

### Adjective

Apulian (not comparable)
* Of or pertaining to Apulia.

#### Translations
### Noun

Apulian (plural Apulians)
* An inhabitant or a resident of Apulia.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Naipaul, Paulian, Paulina
# lívido
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Latin līvidus.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈli.vi.du/
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈli.vi.du/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈli.vi.do/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈli.vi.du/ [ˈli.vi.ðu]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈli.vi.du/ [ˈli.vi.ðu]
** (Northern Portugal) IPA: /ˈli.bi.du/ [ˈli.βi.ðu]
* Hyphenation: lí‧vi‧do

### Adjective

lívido (feminine lívida, masculine plural lívidos, feminine plural lívidas)
* livid

### Further reading

* “lívido” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin līvidus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlibido/ [ˈli.β̞i.ð̞o]
* Rhymes: -ibido
* Syllabification: lí‧vi‧do

### Adjective

lívido (feminine lívida, masculine plural lívidos, feminine plural lívidas)
* livid, ashen, leaden gray

#### Related terms

* lividez
* livor

### Further reading

* “lívido”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# Christmassed out
## English

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### Alternative forms

* Christmassed-out

### Adjective

Christmassed out (comparative more Christmassed out, superlative most Christmassed out)
* Saturated by, or fed up with, Christmas.
** 2005 February, Nora Laurie Percival, Herman Gund, “A Taste of Paradise”, in Silver Pages on the Lawn: A True Story of Student Love during the 1930s, Vilas, N.C.: Kent Hollow Press, published November 2009, →ISBN, part III (Fall 1934—Love Learns), page 141:That evening, after the family, Christmased out, went early to bed, Herman brought out his unmailed letters.
** 2009, Julia Williams, “Prologue”, in Last Christmas, London: Avon, →ISBN, page 14:Christmas muzak was pumping out, presumably to get her into the spirit of the thing. Not much chance of that, when she had felt all Christmassed out for months. Bugger off, she felt like shouting as a particularly cheesy version of ‘Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas’ blared out. Look at all these people. Do any of them look bloody merry?
** 2012, Jon Ronson, “Santa’s Little Conspirators”, in Lost at Sea: The Jon Ronson Mysteries, New York, N.Y.: Riverhead Books, →ISBN, part three (Everyday Difficulty), page 157:I notice that this is one of the very few buildings in town that hasn’t any Christmas decorations whatsoever. / “We’re a respite from Christmas, I guess,” Suze explains. “Our kids are all Christmassed out.”
# kosmopolitka
## Polish
### Etymology

From kosmopolita +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɔs.mɔ.pɔˈlit.ka/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -itka
* Syllabification: kos‧mo‧po‧lit‧ka

### Noun

kosmopolitka f (male equivalent kosmopolita)
* female equivalent of kosmopolita (“cosmopolitan, cosmopolite, internationalist”) (person who takes the view that they belong to no particular country or state)
    Synonym: obywatelka świata

#### Related terms

* kosmopolityczny
* kosmopolityzacja
* kosmopolityzm
* kosmopolityzować impf
* skosmopolityzować pf

### Further reading

* kosmopolitka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# поразит
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pərɐˈzʲit]
* Homophone: паразѝт (parazìt)

### Verb

порази́т • (porazít)
* third-person singular future indicative perfective of порази́ть (porazítʹ)
# alchemise
## English
### Alternative forms

* alchemize

### Etymology

From alchemy +‎ -ise.

### Verb

alchemise (third-person singular simple present alchemises, present participle alchemising, simple past and past participle alchemised)
* (transitive) To change something's properties by means of alchemy or as if by magic.
    Synonyms: improve, transform, transmute
    Their dearest wish was to alchemise iron into gold.
** 2009 January 16, Peter Bradshaw, “The Wrestler review – heartfelt drama that alchemises a terrific central performance”, in The Guardian‎:Something about this gutsy, heartfelt drama from screenwriter Robert D Siegel and director Darren Aronofsky alchemises Rourke’s conceit into a terrifically engaging, likable and even vulnerable performance.
** 2011 September 13, Andrew Mueller, “TV highlights 14/09/2011”, in The Guardian‎:In tonight's opener, Kevin McCloud revisits the programme's longest-running saga – the five-year (and counting) epic of Stefan Lepkowsky and Annia Shabowska, who have been attempting to alchemise a cutting-edge contemporary home from the unpromising base metal of a derelict mill cottage in Northamptonshire.
** 2019 May 17, “The Guardian view on the Venice Biennale’s migrant boat: pushing the limits of art”, in The Guardian‎:Art should alchemise poetry from unexpected ingredients.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* alchemies
# amplena
## Esperanto
### Etymology

amo +‎ plena.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [amˈplena]
* Rhymes: -ena
* Hyphenation: am‧ple‧na

### Adjective

amplena (accusative singular amplenan, plural amplenaj, accusative plural amplenajn)
* loving, full of love; kind, kindly, warm-hearted, affectionate
** L. L. Zamenhof (translator), “Filino de la marĉa reĝo” (“The Marsh King’s Daughter”) by Hans Christian Andersen, in Fabeloj, Book 4,
    Sed Helga diris, ke ŝi ne povas forlasi la Danan landon, antaŭ ol ŝi ne estos vidinta ankoraŭ unu fojon sian adoptintan patrinon, la amplenan vikingedzinon.
       But Helga said she could not leave the Danish land without once more seeing her foster-mother, the loving wife of the Viking.
** Hector Hodler (translator), Paŭlo kaj Virginio (Paul et Virginie) by Henri Bernardin de Saint Pierre,
    tiuj infanetoj, senigitaj de ĉiuj parencoj, fariĝis pli amplenaj ol gefiloj, ol gefratoj, kiam la naskintaj amikinoj ilin mamŝanĝis.
       those two children, deprived of all other support, imbibed sentiments more tender (lit. became more affectionate) than those of son and daughter, brother and sister, when exchanged at the breast of those who had given them birth. (Helen Maria Williams translation, Appleton, 1851)
** Jiři Karen and Josef Vondroušek (translators), La Plej Eminenta inter Pierotoj (Největší z pierotů) by František Kožík,
    Sukceso [...] lin ne ŝanĝis. Pretendema sursceneje kaj severa al si, li restis same kompleza kaj amplena al ĉiuj, kiuj lin bezonis.
       Success did not change him. He was grand on the stage and strict toward himself [but] continued to be equally good-natured and kind toward all who needed him.
# τρόμαξα
## Greek
### Verb

τρόμαξα • (trómaxa)
* first-person singular simple past of τρομάζω (tromázo)
# Baathist
## English
### Alternative forms

* Ba'thist, Baʻthist (stricter transliterations)
* Ba'athist, Bathist (nonstandard, proscribed)

### Etymology

From Baath +‎ -ist.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɑːθɪst/

### Adjective

Baathist (comparative more Baathist, superlative most Baathist)
* Of or pertaining to Baathism or the Baath Party.

#### Translations
### Noun

Baathist (plural Baathists)
* A supporter of Baathism.
** 1959, Swiss Review of World Affairs‎, page 27:Another Baathist, former Jordan Foreign Minister Abdullah Rimawi, is plowing a lonely furrow, and no one seems to want to follow him.
** 1985, B. J. Odeh, Lebanon, dynamics of conflict: a modern political history, page 7:Also, in March 1963, the Syrian Baathists were able to seize power in a coup that toppled the 'separatists'.
** 2008, Ibrahim Al-Marashi, Sammy Salama, Iraq's Armed Forces: An Analytical History:The Baathists were more ideologically motivated and believed that the Army should be made subservient to the Party, as they were aware that the military been the primaryforcebehind every regime change in Iraq since 1936.
** 2016, Tanya Narozhna, W. Andy Knight, Female Suicide Bombings: A Critical Gender Approach, page 83:The second insurgency has been led by the ideological Baathists, or Saddam Hussein's loyalists and jihadi Salafis.

#### Translations
### References

* “Baathist”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

### Anagrams

* habitats
# pilietybė
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

From piliẽtis (“citizen”) +‎ -ýbė.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʲɪlʲiɛˈtʲiːbʲe]
* Hyphenation: pi‧lie‧ty‧bė

### Noun

pilietýbė f (plural pilietýbės) stress pattern 1
* citizenship

#### Derived terms

* dviguba pilietybė (“dual citizenship”)

#### Related terms

* piliẽtinis
* piliẽtis
* pilìs

### Further reading

* “pilietybė”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2025
* “pilietybė”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2025
# ملعون
## Arabic
### Etymology

* Root
* ل ع ن (l ʕ n)
* 4 terms
Derived from the passive participle of the verb لَعَنَ (laʕana).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mal.ʕuːn/
* Rhymes: -uːn

### Adjective

مَلْعُون • (malʕūn) (masculine plural مَلْعُونُونَ (malʕūnūna) or مَلَاعِين (malāʕīn), feminine plural مَلْعُونَات (malʕūnāt))
* outcast, execrable
* cursed, damned

#### Descendants

* Maltese: mingħul
* → Azerbaijani: məlun
* → Bengali: মালাউন (malaun)
** → English: malaun
* → Kazakh: малғұн (malğūn)
* → Malay: malaun
* → Ottoman Turkish: ملعون (melun)
** → Turkish: melun
** → Crimean Tatar: melun
* → Persian: ملعون
** → Urdu: ملعون
# sírni
## Hungarian
### Etymology

sír +‎ -ni

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃiːrni]
* Hyphenation: sír‧ni

### Verb

sírni
* infinitive of sír
    Sírni tudnék. ― I could cry.
# istibra
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Inherited from Malay istibra, from Arabic اِسْتِبْرَاء (istibrāʔ).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /isˈtibra/ [isˈt̪ip̚.ra]
* Rhymes: -ibra
* Syllabification: is‧tib‧ra

### Verb

istibra (base-imperative-colloquial istibra)
* (Islam) to abstinence from sexual intercourse.
* (Islam) to inquiry into the purity

### Further reading

* “istibra” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# anksie
## Esperanto
### Etymology

anksio +‎ -e.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ankˈsie]
* Rhymes: -ie
* Hyphenation: ank‧si‧e

### Adverb

anksie
* anxiously
# τρύπησα
## Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tɾiˈpa.o/
* Hyphenation: τρυ‧πά‧ω

### Verb

τρύπησα • (trýpisa)
* first-person singular simple past of τρυπάω (trypáo) and τρυπώ (trypó)
# Golden Horn
## English
### Etymology

Calque of Ancient Greek Χρυσόκερας (Khrusókeras).

### Proper noun

Golden Horn
* A major urban waterway and the primary inlet of the Bosphorus in Istanbul, Turkey.
** 1950 July, J. C. Mertens, “By the "Taurus Express" to Baghdad”, in Railway Magazine, page 435:The 20-min. crossing of the Bosphorus by ferry steamer from the Golden Horn, the busy river-fed harbour that divides old and new Istanbul on the European side of the Bosphorus, was a pleasure in itself.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* longhorned
# lékopis
## Czech
### Etymology

From lék +‎ -o- +‎ -pis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈlɛːkopɪs]
* Rhymes: -opɪs

### Noun

lékopis m inan
* formulary, pharmacopoeia

#### Related terms

* lék
* lékopisný

### Further reading

* “lékopis”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “lékopis”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “lékopis”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Torleiv
## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Alternative forms

* Tolleiv (alternative spelling)
* Tollef
* Tølleiv, Talleiv, Tålleiv, Todleiv, Taddeiv, Tollev, Tallev, Tellev, Tøllev, Tølløv, Tellei (dialectal)

### Etymology

From Old Norse Þorleifr, whence also Torlav.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²tolːɛɪ̯v/, [²tʰɞ̞l.lɛ̝ɪ̯ʋ]

### Proper noun

Torleiv m
* a male given name

#### Usage notes

Patronymics:
* son of Torleiv: Torleivsson
* daughter of Torleiv: Torleivsdotter
# automotive industry
## English
### Noun

automotive industry (plural automotive industries)
* (This entry is a translation hub.)
# wazeliniarz
## Polish
### Etymology

From wazelina +‎ -arz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /va.zɛˈli.ɲaʂ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iɲaʂ
* Syllabification: wa‧ze‧li‧niarz

### Noun

wazeliniarz m pers (female equivalent wazeliniara)
* (colloquial, derogatory) bootlicker, brown noser, flatterer, sycophant
    Synonyms: cmokier, lizus, pochlebca, podlizuch, wazelina

#### Derived terms

* wazeliniarski
* wazeliniarstwo

#### Related terms

* wazelinowy
* wazelina
* wazelinować impf

### Further reading

* wazeliniarz in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wazeliniarz in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# 底踏
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tóe-thah / té-thah
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tóe-thah
*** Tâi-lô: tué-thah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doeftaq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tue⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: té-thah
*** Tâi-lô: té-thah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: deftaq
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /te⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰaʔ³²/

### Noun

底踏
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) foundation; basis; base
* (Zhangzhou Hokkien) inheritance; heritage; something saved from the past

#### Synonyms

* (foundation): 基礎／基础 (jīchǔ), 底子 (dǐzi), 根基 (gēnjī); (Hokkien) 底蒂
* (inheritance): 遺產／遗产 (yíchǎn)
# anticipa
## Catalan
### Verb

anticipa
* inflection of anticipar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Esperanto
### Etymology

anticipi +‎ -a.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [antiˈt͡sipa]
* Rhymes: -ipa
* Hyphenation: an‧ti‧ci‧pa

### Adjective

anticipa (accusative singular anticipan, plural anticipaj, accusative plural anticipajn)
* advance, anticipated, prior
    anticipa pago / avertoadvance pay / prior warning

#### Synonyms

* antaŭa

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

anticipa
* third-person singular past historic of anticiper

## Ido
### Adjective

anticipa
* anticipated

#### Synonyms

* anticipita

## Italian
### Verb

anticipa
* inflection of anticipare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* capitani, panicati, panicità

## Latin
### Verb

anticipā
* second-person singular present active imperative of anticipō

### References

* anticipa in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French anticiper, from Latin anticipare.

### Verb

a anticipa (third-person singular present anticipează, past participle anticipat) 1st conjugation
* to anticipate

#### Conjugation
## Spanish
### Verb

anticipa
* inflection of anticipar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
# έφαγα
## Greek
### Verb

έφαγα • (éfaga)
* first-person singular simple past of τρώω (tróo)
# I'm sorry
## English

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (UK):(file)

### Phrase

I'm sorry
* Indicates the speaker's apology.
* Indicates the speaker's commiseration.
* (with an upward inflection) Indicates that the speaker is confused or requests information to be repeated; come again?, say again?, I beg your pardon?; see also Thesaurus:say again

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
# prvopis
## Czech
### Etymology

From prve +‎ -o- +‎ -pis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpr̩vopɪs]
* Rhymes: -opɪs

### Noun

prvopis m inan
* original, top copy

#### Related terms

* prve
* první

### Further reading

* “prvopis”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “prvopis”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
# sírdogál
## Hungarian
### Etymology

From sír (“to cry”) +‎ -dogál (frequentative suffix).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃiːrdoɡaːl]
* Hyphenation: sír‧do‧gál
* Rhymes: -aːl

### Verb

sírdogál
* (intransitive) to cry, weep, sob quietly, softly, for a longer time
* (transitive, rare) to moan, complain (to say something in a crying voice)

#### Derived terms

* sírdogálás
(With verbal prefixes):
* elsírdogál

### References

* ↑ sírdogál in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

### Further reading

* sírdogál in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# नलद
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* नरद (nálada)

### Alternative scripts

* নলদ (Assamese script)
* ᬦᬮᬤ (Balinese script)
* নলদ (Bengali script)
* 𑰡𑰩𑰟 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀦𑀮𑀤 (Brahmi script)
* နလဒ (Burmese script)
* નલદ (Gujarati script)
* ਨਲਦ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌨𑌲𑌦 (Grantha script)
* ꦤꦭꦢ (Javanese script)
* 𑂢𑂪𑂠 (Kaithi script)
* ನಲದ (Kannada script)
* នលទ (Khmer script)
* ນລທ (Lao script)
* നലദ (Malayalam script)
* ᠨᠠᠯᠠᡩᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘡𑘩𑘟 (Modi script)
* ᠨᠠᠯᠠᢑᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧁𑧉𑦿 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐣𑐮𑐡 (Newa script)
* ନଲଦ (Odia script)
* ꢥꢭꢣ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆤𑆬𑆢 (Sharada script)
* 𑖡𑖩𑖟 (Siddham script)
* නලද (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩯𑩽𑩭 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚝𑚥𑚛 (Takri script)
* நலத³ (Tamil script)
* నలద (Telugu script)
* นลท (Thai script)
* ན་ལ་ད (Tibetan script)
* 𑒢𑒪𑒠 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨝𑨬𑨛 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Of uncertain origin, though perhaps a derivative of नड (naḍá, “reed, hollow stalk”), probably via an intermediate नाल (nāla, “tube, vein; made of reeds”), owing to the plant's stalk-like structure.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /nɐ́.lɐ.dɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈn̪ɐ.l̪ɐ.d̪ɐ/

### Noun

नलद • (nálada) stem, m or n
* Nardostachys jatamansi, Indian spikenard (AV., Suśr. etc.)
* root of Chrysopogon zizanioides, formerly Andropogon muricatus (Naish.)
* (only in neuter) the blossom of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (L.)
* (only in neuter) the honey or nectar of a flower (L.)

#### Descendants

* → Phoenician: (via an uncertain intermediary; a reverse (Semitic-to-Sanskrit) loan has also been suggested)
** → Ancient Greek: νάρδος (nárdos)
*** Greek: νάρδος (nárdos)
*** → Gothic: 𐌽𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌿𐍃 (nardus) (possibly via Latin)
*** → Latin: nardus
**** → Catalan: nard
**** Italian: nardo
**** → Middle Dutch: nardus
***** Dutch: nardus
**** Old French: narde
***** French: nard
***** → Middle Dutch: narde
***** → Middle English: narde
****** English: nard
**** Romanian: nard
**** Spanish: nardo
*** → Old Armenian: նարդոս (nardos)
*** → Old Georgian: ნარდი (nardi), ნარდიონი (nardioni), ლარდიონი (lardioni)
**** Georgian: ნარდი (nardi)
*** → Old East Slavic: нардъ (nardŭ)
**** Russian: нард (nard)
*** → Serbo-Croatian: на̏рд, nȁrd

### Adjective

नलद • (nálada)
* bringing near king Nala (Naish.)

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “nálada-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 23

### Further reading

* Monier Williams (1899) “नलद”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0530/2.
* R. E. Asher, Vadasery Iyemperumal Subramoniam (1971): Proceedings, Volume 1
# ਮਾਂ
## Punjabi
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Punjabi) IPA: /mä̃ː/
* Rhymes: -ä̃ː

### Etymology 1

From Sanskrit माता (mātā).

#### Noun

ਮਾਂ • (mā̃) f (Shahmukhi spelling ماں)
* mother, mom
    Synonym: ਮਾਈ (māī) (Malwai)

### Etymology 2

ਮ- (ma-) +‎ ਆਂ (ā̃)

#### Alternative forms

* ਮੈਨੂੰ (mainū̃) — Standard Punjabi

#### Pronoun

ਮਾਂ • (mā̃) f (Shahmukhi spelling ماں)
* (Dhanni) dative of ਮੈਂ (maĩ, “I”)

### References

* Singh, Bhai Maya (1895) “ਮਾਂ”, in The Panjabi Dictionary, Lahore: Munshi Gulab Singh and Sons.
# τσέπωσα
## Greek
### Verb

τσέπωσα • (tséposa)
* first-person singular simple past of τσεπώνω (tsepóno)
# Idia
## English
### Etymology

From Ido Idia (from Ido +‎ -ia (“country”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈidi̯a/

### Proper noun

Idia
* A notional land of Ido speakers.
* The entire community of Idists (Ido speakers)

#### Translations
## Fijian
### Proper noun

Idia
* India (a country in Asia)

## Ido
### Etymology

Ido +‎ -ia

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈidi̯a/

### Proper noun

Idia
* Idia, Ido-land.