# 偏袒
## Chinese
### Etymology

From a story recorded in the Records of the Grand Historian:
    太尉將之入軍門，行令軍中曰：「為呂氏右袒，為劉氏左袒。」軍中皆左袒為劉氏。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]太尉将之入军门，行令军中曰：「为吕氏右袒，为刘氏左袒。」军中皆左袒为刘氏。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCETàiwèi jiāng zhī rù jūnmén, xínglìng jūn zhōng yuē: “Wèi Lǚ shì yòu tǎn, wèi Liú shì zuǒ tǎn.” Jūn zhōng jiē zuǒ tǎn wèi Liú shì. [Pinyin]The Grand Marshal carried it and entered the entrance to the army camp, and issued an order to the army, saying, "Those in support of the Lü show their right shoulder, and those in support of the Liu show their left shoulder." The whole army showed their left shoulder in support of the Liu.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): piāntǎn
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄢ ㄊㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pin$^1$ taan$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phian-thán
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: piāntǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄢ ㄊㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: piantǎn
*** Wade–Giles: pʻien$^1$-tʻan$^3$
*** Yale: pyān-tǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: piantaan
*** Palladius: пяньтань (pjanʹtanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pin$^1$ taan$^2$
*** Yale: pīn táan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pin$^1$ taan$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pin$^1$ tan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiːn⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$偏癱 / 偏瘫 偏袒
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phian-thán
*** Tâi-lô: phian-thán
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phientarn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰan⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiɛn³³ tʰan⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰan⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰan⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰan⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: phjien|phjienH danX
Rime :
| Character | 偏 | 偏 | 袒 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) | 滂 (2) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) | 仙 (77) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | I |
| Fanqie | 芳連切 | 匹戰切 | 徒旱切 |
| Baxter | phjien | phjienH | danX |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰiᴇn/ | /pʰiᴇn$^H$/ | /dɑn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰiɛn/ | /pʰiɛn$^H$/ | /dɑn$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰjæn/ | /pʰjæn$^H$/ | /dɑn$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰian/ | /pʰian$^H$/ | /dan$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰiɛn/ | /pʰiɛn$^H$/ | /dɑn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰĭɛn/ | /pʰĭɛn$^H$/ | /dɑn$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰi̯ɛn/ | /pʰi̯ɛn$^H$/ | /dʱɑn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | piān | piàn | dàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | pin$^1$ | pin$^3$ | daan$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰen|pʰens rdeːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 偏 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | piān |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ phjien › |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰe[n]/ |
| English | oblique; subordinate |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 偏 | 偏 | 袒 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 712 | 718 | 2075 |
| Phonetic component | 扁 | 扁 | 旦 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 篇 | 騗 | 袒 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰen/ | /*pʰens/ | /*rdeːns/ |

### Verb

偏袒
* (literary, literally) to bare one shoulder
* to side with (someone); to take sides; to discriminate in favor of; to show prejudice (to a particular party)

#### Synonyms

* (to side with): 護／护 (hù)