OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# virnistää
## Finnish
### Etymology

virne +‎ -istää

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʋirnistæːˣ/, [ˈʋirnis̠tæː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -irnistæː
* Hyphenation: vir‧nis‧tää

### Verb

virnistää
* (intransitive) to grin, smirk

#### Derived terms

* virnistellä
* virnistys
* virnistäminen

### Further reading

* “virnistää”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
# honeycomb toffee
## English
### Noun

honeycomb toffee (uncountable)
* A sugary toffee with a light, rigid, spongy texture, made with baking soda so that carbon dioxide is trapped in the viscous mixture.
    Synonyms: cinder toffee, seafoam candy, sponge toffee

#### Further reading

* honeycomb toffee on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# prolétat
## Czech
### Etymology

From pro- +‎ létat.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈprolɛːtat]

### Verb

prolétat impf (perfective proletět or prolétnout)
* to fly over
* to fly through
    Neštěstí se stalo, když letadlo prolétal oblastí s hustou mlhou. ― The accident occurred when the plane was flying through a thick fog.

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | prolétat, prolétati | Active adjective | prolétající |
| Verbal noun | — | Passive adjective | — |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | prolétám | prolétáme | — | prolétejme |
| 2nd person | prolétáš | prolétáte | prolétej | prolétejte |
| 3rd person | prolétá | prolétají | — | — |
* The future tense: a combination of a future form of být + infinitive prolétat.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | prolétal | prolétali | — | — |
| masculine inanimate | prolétal | prolétaly | — | — |
| feminine | prolétala | prolétaly | — | — |
| neuter | prolétalo | prolétala | — | — |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | prolétaje | — |
| feminine + neuter singular | prolétajíc | — |
| plural | prolétajíce | — |

#### Related terms

* létat
# incantate
## English
### Etymology

From Latin incantāt-, participle stem of incantō.

### Verb

incantate (third-person singular simple present incantates, present participle incantating, simple past and past participle incantated)
* (transitive, intransitive) To sing or speak formulas and/or rhyming words, often during occult ceremonies, for the purpose of raising spirits, producing enchantment, or creating other magical results.
** 1969, Status‎, numbers 218-227, Curtis Publishing Company:Your modern witch never incantates in public.
** 1985, Glenda Abramson, Essays in Honour of Salo Rappaport: On the Occasion of His Eightieth Birthday‎:Yet these are words of magic incantated by a non-religious priest: a poet.
** 2010, S. Giora Shoham, To Test the Limits of Our Endurance‎:In his prose poem, Lessness, Beckett incantates a haunting description of total ruin.

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “† Incantate, v.”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume V (H–K), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 142, column 1: “f. ppl. stem of L. incantāre: see prec.”

### Anagrams

* tanacetin

## Italian
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

incantate
* inflection of incantare:
** second-person plural present indicative
** second-person plural imperative

### Etymology 2
#### Participle

incantate f pl
* feminine plural of incantato

### Anagrams

* centinata, entactina

## Latin
### Verb

incantāte
* second-person plural present active imperative of incantō
# braamsluiper
## Dutch
### Etymology

Compound of braam (“bramble”) +‎ sluipen (“to sneak”) +‎ -er.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

braamsluiper m (plural braamsluipers, diminutive braamsluipertje n)
* lesser whitethroat (Curruca curruca)

### Further reading

* braamsluiper on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{nl}$
# liahnisko
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʎi̯aɦɲiskɔ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Noun

liahnisko n
* breeding-ground

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “liahnisko”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# μεταρρύθμισα
## Greek
### Verb

μεταρρύθμισα • (metarrýthmisa)
* first-person singular simple past of μεταρρυθμίζω (metarrythmízo)
# kareueut
## Sundanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ka.rɤ.ʔɤt/

### Adjective

kareueut (Sundanese script ᮊᮛᮩᮉᮒ᮪)
* sickly sweet

### Further reading

* "kareueut", in Coolsma, S (1913) Soendaneesch-Hollandsch Woordenboek (in Dutch), Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff's Uitgeversmaatschappij
# toffee-nosed
## English
### Etymology

Probably from toff or from toffee-nose +‎ -ed.

### Adjective

toffee-nosed (comparative more toffee-nosed, superlative most toffee-nosed)
* (chiefly UK, Ireland) Snobbish, condescending or aloof.
** 2000 December 18, BBC and Bafta Tribute to Michael Caine, 16:43-17:05:Parkinson: You made films before, but the part that really made your name was Zulu, wasn't it […] and there of course—against type—you played the toff, you played the officer. Caine: I played the officer, yeah, and everybody thought I was like that. Everyone was so shocked when they met me, this like Cockney guy had played this toffee-nosed git.
# chieftainess
## English
### Etymology

From chieftain +‎ -ess. Middle English had an equivalent form cheventaynes but the OED asserts the term was derived anew in modern English in the 19th century. Piecewise doublet of captainess.

### Noun

chieftainess (plural chieftainesses)
* A female chieftain.
** 1815 February 24, [Walter Scott], “chapter ?”, in Guy Mannering; or, The Astrologer. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and Archibald Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:He gazed in silence for some minutes upon the body of Meg Merrilies, as it lay before him, with the features sharpened by death, yet still retaining the stern and energetic character which had maintained in life her superiority as the wild chieftainess of the lawless people amongst whom she was born.
** 1941, Emily Carr, chapter 20, in Klee Wyck‎:Mrs. Douse was more important than Mr. Douse; she was a chieftainess in her own right, and had great dignity.
* The wife of a chieftain.

#### Synonyms

* chiefess (chiefly Hawaiian); chieftess (irregular)

#### Hypernyms

* chief, chieftain

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Chieftainess”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume II (C), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 340, column 2.
# rietgors
## Dutch
### Etymology

From riet (“reed”) +‎ gors (“bunting”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

rietgors f (plural rietgorzen, diminutive rietgorsje n)
* reed bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus)
    Synonym: slootmus

### Further reading

* rietgors on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{nl}$
# liahnisk
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʎi̯aɦɲisk]

### Noun

liahnisk
* genitive plural of liahnisko
# ορκίστηκα
## Greek
### Verb

ορκίστηκα • (orkístika)
* first-person singular simple past of ορκίζομαι (orkízomai)
# ғов
## Yagnobi
### Etymology

From Sogdian 𐼲𐼰𐼴 (ɣʾw), Proto-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gā́wš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɣow/

### Noun

ғов (ġov)
* cow
# presja
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French pression.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈprɛ.sja/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛsja
* Syllabification: pre‧sja

### Noun

presja f
* (figuratively) pressure (force or impulse of any kind)
    Synonyms: mus, przymus

#### Derived terms

* antropopresja

### Further reading

* presja in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* presja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# toffee papers
## English
### Noun

toffee papers
* plural of toffee paper
# apuñalar
## Asturian
### Etymology

From puñal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /apuɲaˈlaɾ/ [a.pu.ɲaˈlaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Hyphenation: a‧pu‧ña‧lar

### Verb

apuñalar (first-person singular indicative present apuñalo, past participle apuñaláu)
* (transitive) to stab (to pierce or wound with pointed object)

#### Related terms

* puñu

## Spanish
### Etymology

From a- +‎ puñal +‎ -ar. Compare Portuguese apunhalar, Catalan apunyalar, Italian pugnalare.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /apuɲaˈlaɾ/ [a.pu.ɲaˈlaɾ]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: a‧pu‧ña‧lar

### Verb

apuñalar (first-person singular present apuñalo, first-person singular preterite apuñalé, past participle apuñalado)
* (transitive) to stab (to pierce or to wound with a pointed tool or weapon, especially a knife or dagger)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

#### Derived terms

* apuñalamiento

#### Related terms

* puñete
* puño

### Further reading

* “apuñalar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# cancriform
## English
### Etymology

From Latin cancer, cancr- (“crab; cancer”) +‎ -iform.

### Adjective

cancriform (comparative more cancriform, superlative most cancriform)
* Having the form of a crab.
* (pathology) Resembling cancer.

### References

* ↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Cancriform”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume II (C), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 62, column 2.
# inflammo
## Latin
### Etymology

From in- +‎ flammō (“blaze, burn”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /inˈflam.moː/, [ĩːˈfɫ̪ämːoː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /inˈflam.mo/, [iɱˈflämːo]

### Verb

īnflammō (present infinitive īnflammāre, perfect active īnflammāvī, supine īnflammātum); first conjugation
* to ignite, inflame
    Synonyms: ūrō, flammō, cōnflagrō, flagrō, incendō, accendō, ārdeō, cremō, adoleō
* (figuratively) to excite, inflame, enkindle, set afire or on fire, ignite
    Synonyms: excitō, īnstīgō, īnstinguō, exciō, irrītō, stimulō, sollicitō, percieō, concieō, cieō, concitō, impellō, urgeō, incendō, moveō, mōlior, adhortor, ērigō
    Antonyms: domō, lēniō, sōpiō, sēdō, dēlēniō, restinguō, plācō, coerceō, mītigō, commītigō, ēlevō, levō, allevō, alleviō
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.54:Hīs dictīs incēnsum animum īnflammāvit amōre, [...].”[Anna] spoke these [words, and Dido’s] soul, [already] having been sparked, [was now] afire with love [for Aeneas], [...].

#### Derived terms

* īnflammanter
* īnflammātiō
* īnflammātus

#### Related terms

* flammō

#### Descendants

* French: enflammer (latinized)
** → English: inflame
* Italian: infiammare
* → Catalan: inflamar
* → Portuguese: inflamar
* → Romanian: inflama
* → Spanish: inflamar

### References

* “inflammo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “inflammo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* inflammo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. to set fire to a city: inflammare urbem to kindle ambition in some one's mind: aliquem cupiditate honorum inflammare (or aliquem ad cupiditatem honorum inflammare) to make an impression on one's audience: animos audientium permovere, inflammare to kindle hatred in a person's heart; to fill some one with hatred (not implere, vid. sect. IX. 2, note gaudio...): odium alicuius inflammare to become furious: furore inflammari, incendi to rouse a person's interest, cupidity: aliquem cupiditate inflammare (ambiguous) to be fired with love: amore captum, incensum, inflammatum esse, ardere (ambiguous) to be fired with a passionate hatred: odio inflammatum, accensum esse (ambiguous) to be fired with rage: iracundia inflammatum esse (ambiguous) to be fired with desire of a thing: cupiditate alicuius rei accensum, inflammatum esse
# liahniská
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʎi̯aɦɲiskaː]

### Noun

liahniská
* nominative/accusative plural of liahnisko
# ορίστηκα
## Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /oˈɾi.sti.ka/
* Hyphenation: ο‧ρί‧στη‧κα

### Verb

ορίστηκα • (orístika)
* first-person singular simple past of ορίζομαι (orízomai), the passive of ορίζω (orízo)

#### Alternative forms

* ορίσθηκα (orísthika) (formal)
# 二奶
## Chinese
### Etymology

Originally Cantonese.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): èrnǎi
    (Zhuyin): ㄦˋ ㄋㄞˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ji$^6$ naai$^{5-1}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: èrnǎi
*** Zhuyin: ㄦˋ ㄋㄞˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: èrnǎi
*** Wade–Giles: êrh$^4$-nai$^3$
*** Yale: èr-nǎi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ellnae
*** Palladius: эрнай (ernaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤɻ⁵¹ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^6$ naai$^{5-1}$
*** Yale: yih nāai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^6$ naai$^{5-1}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^6$ nai$^{5-1}$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː²² naːi̯¹³⁻⁵⁵/

### Noun

二奶
* (slang) mistress; unofficial concubine

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 姘婦, 情婦 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 契家婆 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 契家婆, 情婦 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 二奶 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 野老婆 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 野老婆 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 契兄婆, 婊婆 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 夥計 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 夥計 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 夥計 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 夥計 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 夥計 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 夥計仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 夥計, 契兄婆 GT, 包飼的 GT |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 夥計 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 鬥頭 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 鬥頭 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 契家婆 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 野老婆 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 野老婆 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 野老婆 |

#### Derived terms

* 二奶專家 / 二奶专家 (èrnǎi zhuānjiā)
* 包二奶 (bāo èrnǎi)
# continuista
## Spanish
### Etymology

continuo +‎ -ista

### Noun

continuista m or f by sense (plural continuistas)
* (politics) someone who advocates for the status quo (politically, socially, etc)
** 2015 November 20, “Editorial”, in El País‎:No faltaron continuistas que pretendieron retocarlo para seguir disfrutando de poder.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (cinematography) script supervisor
    Synonym: script

### Adjective

continuista m or f (masculine and feminine plural continuistas)
* maintaining the status quo
** 2020 January 12, Manel Pérez, “El plan económico del nuevo gobierno será más continuista que de ruptura”, in La Vanguardia‎:Un pacto mucho más continuista con la política económica anterior de lo que quieren reconocer tanto sus firmantes como sus críticos políticos, pero sometido a más limitaciones constitucionales y europeas y que pese a ello incorpora sensibles aumentos del gasto público.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Related terms

* continuismo

### Further reading

* “continuista”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
* continuista on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{es}$
# dashkesanite
## English
### Noun

dashkesanite (uncountable)
* (mineralogy) A chloriniferous mineral containing sodium, potassium, iron and magnesium.
# tutress
## English
### Etymology

Adaptation of Middle French tutreisse, tuteresse, or from Latin tūtrix by change of ending. Equivalent to tutor +‎ -ess.

### Noun

tutress (plural tutresses)
* Obsolete spelling of tutoress.
** 1612, [John Selden], “The Eleuenth Song. Illustrations.”, in Michael Drayton, edited by [John Selden], Poly-Olbion. Or A Chorographicall Description of Tracts, Riuers, Mountaines, Forests, and Other Parts of this Renowned Isle of Great Britaine, […], London: […] [Humphrey Lownes] for M[athew] Lownes; I[ohn] Browne; I[ohn] Helme; I[ohn] Busbie, →OCLC, page 192:I offer ſubſcription; but always vnder reformation of that moſt honored Tutreſſes Pupils, which ſhall (omitting fabulous traſh) iudiciouſly inſtruct otherwiſe.

### References

* “tutress”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* ↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Tutress”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume X, Part 1 (Ti–U), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 515, column 2.

### Anagrams

* Sutters, usterts
# ssire
## Middle English
### Noun

ssire
* (Southern) Alternative form of schire (“shire, county”)
# тренинг
## Kazakh

Alternative scripts :
| Arabic | ترەينگ |
| Cyrillic | тренинг |
| Latin | trening |
| Yañalif | treniꞑ |

### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian тре́нинг (tréning), from English training.

### Noun

тренинг • (treniñ)
* training

#### Synonyms

* үйретім (üiretım)

## Macedonian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English training.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtrɛniŋk]

### Noun

тренинг • (trening) m
* training

#### Declension
## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English training.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtrʲenʲɪnk]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

тре́нинг • (tréning) m inan (genitive тре́нинга, nominative plural тре́нинги, genitive plural тре́нингов)
* training

#### Declension
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /trěːninɡ/
* Hyphenation: тре‧нинг

### Noun

тре́нинг m (Latin spelling tréning)
* training
# στραβώθηκα
## Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /stɾaˈvo.θi.ka/
* Hyphenation: στρα‧βώ‧θη‧κα

### Verb

στραβώθηκα • (stravóthika)
* first-person singular simple past of στραβώνομαι (stravónomai), the passive of στραβώνω (stravóno)
# recoeperatis
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /re.koe̯.peˈraː.tis/, [rɛkoe̯pɛˈräːt̪ɪs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /re.t͡ʃe.peˈra.tis/, [ret͡ʃepeˈräːt̪is]

### Verb

recoeperātis
* second-person plural pluperfect active indicative of recoepī
# precijeniti
## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* precéniti (Ekavian)

### Etymology

From pre- (“too”) +‎ cijeniti (“estimate”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pret͡sijěːniti/
* Hyphenation: pre‧cije‧ni‧ti

### Verb

precijéniti pf (Cyrillic spelling преције́нити)
* (transitive) to overestimate, to overrate, to overstate, to overvalue
    Antonym: podcijeniti

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* “precijeniti”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
# kompan
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Kumpan. Doublet of kumpel.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɔm.pan/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔmpan
* Syllabification: kom‧pan

### Noun

kompan m pers (female equivalent kompanka)
* companion, mate, comrade
    Synonyms: towarzysz, kamrat

#### Related terms

* kompanijny
* kompania
* kompanijka

### Further reading

* kompan in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* kompan in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# panary
## English
### Etymology 1

From Latin pānārium (“pantry”). Doublet of pannier.

#### Noun

panary (plural panaries)
* (obsolete, rare) A pantry or storehouse for bread.
** 1611, [Miles Smith], “The Translators to the Reader”, in The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC:In a word, it [Scripture] is a Panary of holeſome foode, againſt fenowed traditions; a Phyſions-ſhop (Saint Baſill calleth it) of preſeruatiues against poiſoned hereſies; a Pandect of profitable lawes, againſt rebellious ſpirits; a treaſurie of moſt coſtly iewels, againſt beggarly rudiments; Finally, a fountaine of moſt pure water ſpringing vp vnto euerlaſting life.

### Etymology 2

From Latin pānārius.

#### Adjective

panary (not comparable)
* Relating to the making of bread.
** 1830, Donovan, Michael. Domestic Economy Vol I. Cabinet Cyclopaedia
    When flour is made into a paste or dough by means of water, and yest added, as in the process of bread-making, the dough acquires sponginess, in consequence of being inflated in all parts by fixed air, or carbonic acid. It had been asserted, that, dough in this state, if distilled, does not afford alcohol, although it might have heen expected to do so, if the fermentation which it obviously has undergone were the vinous. It was, therefore, concluded to be a fermentation essentially different ; and from panis, bread, it was called the panary fermentation. […] [T]here are no grounds for doubting the identity of the panary with the vinous fermentation; the former is the incipient stage of the latter […]
** 1842 August, “An Agricultural School”, in Willis Gaylord, Luther Tucker, editors, The Cultivator, a Consolidation of Buel’s Cultivator and the Genesee Farmer, […], volumes IX (Cult.) / III (Cult. and Far.), number 8, Albany, N.Y.: […] Luther Tucker. […], page 125, column 2:The bakery, which supplies the household bread, would be a proper place for trying the relative panary properties of different kinds of flour and meal.
** 2011, Rajarathnam Ezekiel, Narpinder Singh, “Use of Potato Flour in Bread and Flat Bread”, in Victor R. Preedy, Ronald Ross Watson, Vinood B. Patel, editors, Flour and Breads and Their Fortification in Health and Disease Prevention, Academic Press, →ISBN, section 1 (Flour and Breads), page 254:For bread preparation, 7 or 8% of damaged starch is desirable in the panary fermentation.

### References

* ↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “† Pa·nary, sb.”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VII (O–P), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 414, column 3: “ad. L. pānārium bread-basket, neuter of pānārius: see next and -ary.”
* ↑ James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Panary (pæ·nări), a.”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VII (O–P), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 414, column 3: “a. L. pānāri-us, f. pān-is bread: see -ary.”
* “panary”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
# haymaker
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English heymakere; equivalent to hay +‎ maker.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

haymaker (plural haymakers)
* (agriculture) A person or machine which harvests or prepares tall grass for use as animal fodder.
** 1853, Charlotte M. Yonge, chapter 7, in The Heir of Redclyffe:A long rank of haymakers—men and women—proceeded with their rakes, the white shirt-sleeves, straw bonnets, and ruddy faces, radiant in the bath of sunshine.
* (informal, fisticuffs) A particularly powerful punch, especially one which knocks down an opponent, thrown like a scythe chop for cutting hay, as agricultural haymakers used to have strong arms.
** 1997 January 20, George Church, “Newt's Day of Deliverance”, in Time:The saga of Newt Gingrich's ethics suddenly resembles a brawl between blindfolded boxers who flail away so wildly that each lands a haymaker on his own jaw.
* (figuratively, by extension) Any decisive blow, shock, or forceful action.
** 2007 June 18, Shawn Tully, “Private equity: End of the golden age?”, in CNNMoney.com, retrieved 10 September 2008:The real potential haymaker for the industry is a proposal, now gaining support in Congress, that would tax the profits private equity reaps on selling companies not at the low cap gains rate, but at the regular income tax rate.

#### Translations
### References

* “haymaker”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.