# bonn
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /bˠoun̪ˠ/, /bˠəun̪ˠ/
* (Aran) IPA: /bˠɔn̪ˠ/, /bˠɞn̪ˠ/
* (Connemara) IPA: /bˠuːn̪ˠ/
* (Mayo) IPA: /bˠʊn̪ˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /bˠʌn̪ˠ/

### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish bonn (“sole of the foot”), from Proto-Celtic *bundos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn with metathesis.

#### Noun

bonn m (genitive singular boinn, nominative plural boinn)
* sole, pad
* foothold
* foundation, basis
    Synonym: fotha
* premise
* (automotive) tire
    Synonym: bonn rotha
* track
* (mathematics) base, radix
    Synonym: bonnuimhir
* (sailing) cill
    Synonym: bonn poill

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
bonn
boinn
vocative
a bhoinn
a bhonna
genitive
boinn
bonn
dative
bonn
boinn
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an bonn
na boinn
genitive
an bhoinn
na mbonn
dative
leis an mbonn don bhonn
leis na boinn :

##### Derived terms

* aerbhonn m (“pneumatic tire”)
* bonn breise m (“spare tyre, spare wheel”)
* bonn-achar m (“basal area; ground surface”)
* bonnaonad m (“base unit”)
* bonnbheart m (“covering, protection, for soles of feet”)
* bonnbhrat m (“basal cover”)
* bonnbhualadh m (“callus, blister on sole of foot”)
* bonnchló m (“ground-plan”)
* bonnleac f (“callus (on sole of foot)”)
* bonnleibhéal m (“base-level”)
* bonnlíne f (“spring (of arch)”)
* bonnsiúlach (“plantigrade”, adjective)
* bonnstoc m (“rootstock”)
* bonnuillinn f (“base angle”)

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish bonn (“coin, piece of money”), possibly from Latin pondō (“by weight”).

#### Noun

bonn m (genitive singular boinn, nominative plural boinn)
* coin
    Synonym: bonn airgid
* medal
    Synonym: bonn comórtha

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
bonn
boinn
vocative
a bhoinn
a bhonna
genitive
boinn
bonn
dative
bonn
boinn
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an bonn
na boinn
genitive
an bhoinn
na mbonn
dative
leis an mbonn don bhonn
leis na boinn :

##### Derived terms

* mórbhonn

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 47
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 55, page 24
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 bonn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 bonn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bonn”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “bonn”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 77
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “bonn”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “bonn”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Noun

bonn m (definite singular bonnen, indefinite plural bonner, definite plural bonnene)
* form removed with the spelling reform of 2005; superseded by bunn

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bon/, (north-western and northern) /boɲ/

#### Noun

bonn n
* (dialectal) pronunciation spelling of born (“children”).

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

bonn m (definite singular bonnen, indefinite plural bonnar, definite plural bonnane)
* (dialectal) alternative form of botn (“bottom”)

## Scottish Gaelic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pɔun̪ˠ/
* (Lewis) IPA: [pɔ̃ʊ̃n̪ˠ]

### Etymology 1

From Middle Irish bonn (“sole of the foot”), from Proto-Celtic *bundos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰmḗn with metathesis.

#### Noun

bonn m (genitive singular buinn, plural buinn or bonnan)
* base, bottom, foot
* sole
    bonn na bròige ― the sole of the shoe
    bonn na coise ― the sole of the foot
    bonn na stocainn ― the sole of the sock
* article, clause

##### Derived terms

* bonn a-staigh (“insole”)

### Etymology 2

From Old Irish bonn (“coin, piece of money”), possibly from Latin pondō (“by weight”).

#### Noun

bonn m (genitive singular buinn, plural buinn or bonnan)
* coin
* medal

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 bonn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 bonn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “bonn”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN