# fan fiction
## English
### Alternative forms

* fanfiction, fan-fiction, fanfic

### Etymology

From fan +‎ fiction.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fæn fɪkʃən/
* Rhymes: -ɪkʃən
* Homophone: faan fiction
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

fan fiction (countable and uncountable, plural fan fictions)
* (uncountable) Fiction, typically amateur, created by fans, incorporating the characters and concepts of a commercial media property, typically without permission from the author or owner.
** 1939 August 19, Arthur Wilson "Bob" Tucker, Le Zombie‎, number 11, page 2:In the latest issue of Astounding, our old pal and brother-fan, Milt Rothman makes his professional debut under the pen name: Lee Gregor. And Milt is to be congratulated on the story.... it is definitely pro and not fan fiction.
** 1950 December, R. J. Banks, “Slurp!”, in Quandry 5‎, number 5, archived from the original on 20 July 2013, pages 8–9:I also want to put in my two-cents-worth on the subject of fan fiction. There has been a strong trend away from fiction in fanzines of late: SPACEWARP stopped using fan fiction shortly before the end; ORB followed suit; WYLIE STAR will switch; most of the new mags are starting out with non-fiction plans. I think fiction is just as important (if not more so) in fmz as articles. Where else will embryo pro-authors get their start?
** 1975, Jacqueline Lichtenberg, Sondra Marshak, Joan Winston, Star Trek Lives!, page 23:Laura, whose ambition is to become a professional writer, has been writing STAR TREK fiction since her early teens, and was recently nominated for a Hugo Award for fan fiction for her series ‘Federation and Empire’.
** 1997 September 26, Entertainment Weekly, page 84:Chris Carter may bar X-Filers Mulder and Scully forever from consummating their deep bond—but it's a common fantasy in the archives of fan fiction, where familiar TV and movie characters populate digital poems, scripts, short stories—even full-length novels—that span hundreds of websites and Usenet discussion groups. Readership figures are elusive, but fanfic's America Online index page has collected a half million hits in the past year.
** 2020 July 6, Helen Lewis, “How J. K. Rowling Became Voldemort”, in The Atlantic‎:The acres of Harry Potter fan fiction have allowed its Millennial audience to rewrite the stories to fit their own values, easing their discomfort (while still luxuriating in the nostalgic setting of the British private-school system, an institution designed to perpetuate elitism).
** 2023 July 15, Sheera Frenkel, Stuart A. Thompson, “‘Not for Machines to Harvest’: Data Revolts Break Out Against A.I.”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:Fan fiction writers are just one group now staging revolts against A.I. systems as a fever over the technology has gripped Silicon Valley and the world.
* (countable) A work of fan fiction.
** 1993 August 2, James Alexander Chokey, “Re: Ents, trees, and all that”, in rec.arts.books.tolkien‎ (Usenet), message-ID <1993Aug2.035026.1049@leland.Stanford.EDU>:This can be, as you note below, quite fun and entertaining, but I do think that it is very easy for people to lose track of the fact that all of these "speculations" are just fan fictions that have little to do with what Tolkien actually wrote.
** 1998, Sam Keenleyside, “Nothing But Net”, in Bedside Manners: George Clooney and ER, →ISBN, page 109:An otherwise strong site is marred by some trashy material. Skip the many bad ER fan fictions here and take the rumors section with a huge grain of salt.
* (dated, fandom slang, uncountable) Fiction about fans and fandom created by members of fandom.
    Synonym: faan fiction
** 1944, John Bristol Speer, Fancyclopedia‎, Fan fiction:fan fiction - Sometimes improperly used to mean fan science fiction, that is, ordinary fantasy published in a fan magazine. Properly, the term means fiction about fans, or something about pros, and occasionally bringing in some famous characters stf stories. It may refer to real fans by name (Tucker nudged Brackney, who was nursing a "black eye"), or may be about types, especially Joe Fann.
** 1984, Michael Moorcock, “Introduction”, in Elric at the End of Time, page 11:Triode specialized in humorous ‘fan fiction’—stories written about actual personalities in the SF field—and dates from the period in which science fiction fans did not take themselves quite so seriously as nowadays, and those who made religion from an enthusiasm were generally mocked for it.

#### Hypernyms

* fanwork

#### Coordinate terms

* fangame

#### Translations
### References

* Jeff Prucher, editor (2007), “fan fiction”, in Brave New Words: The Oxford Dictionary of Science Fiction, Oxford, Oxfordshire, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 57.
* Jesse Sheidlower, editor (2001–2025), “fan fiction n.”, in Historical Dictionary of Science Fiction.