# 斟酌
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhēnzhuó
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zam$^1$ zoek$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂m-chok
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chim-chiok / chim-chiak
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēnzhuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄣ ㄓㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhenjhuó
*** Wade–Giles: chên$^1$-cho$^2$
*** Yale: jēn-jwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenjwo
*** Palladius: чжэньчжо (čžɛnʹčžo)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zam$^1$ zoek$^3$
*** Yale: jām jeuk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzam$^1$ dzoek$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zem$^1$ zêg$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐm⁵⁵ t͡sœːk̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂m-chok
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziim$^ˊ$ zog$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zim$^1$ zog$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨm²⁴ t͡sok̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chim-chiok
*** Tâi-lô: tsim-tsiok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cimciog
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sim³³ t͡siɔk̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chim-chiak
*** Tâi-lô: tsim-tsiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cimciag
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sim⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siak̚³²/
* Middle Chinese: tsyim tsyak
Rime :
| Character | 斟 | 酌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) | 藥 (107) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 職深切 | 之若切 |
| Baxter | tsyim | tsyak |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiɪm/ | /t͡ɕɨɐk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕim/ | /t͡ɕiɐk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjem/ | /t͡ɕiɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cim/ | /cɨak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiəm/ | /t͡ɕiak̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭĕm/ | /t͡ɕĭak̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯əm/ | /t͡ɕi̯ak̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhēn | zhuo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zam$^1$ | zoek$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*t.[q][ə]m tewk/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kljum pljewɢ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 斟 | 酌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhēn | zhuó |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyim › | ‹ tsyak › |
| Old Chinese | /*t.[q][ə]m/ | /*tewk/ |
| English | deliberate (v.) | pour; deliberate (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 斟 | 酌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11291 | 11189 |
| Phonetic component | 甚 | 勺 |
| Rime group | 侵 | 藥 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 斟 | 灼 |
| Old Chinese | /*kljum/ | /*pljewɢ/ |
| Notes | | 勺分化字 |

### Verb

斟酌
* (literary) to pour an insufficient or excessive amount of alcoholic beverage into a cup or glass
* (literary) to pour the alcoholic beverage into a cup or glass, etc.
* (literary) to drink alcohol
* (figurative) to consider; to deliberate; to think about carefully
    值得斟酌 ― zhídé zhēnzhuó ― to be worth thinking about
    請您自行斟酌。／请您自行斟酌。 ― Qǐng nín zìxíng zhēnzhuó. ― Please think about this carefully by yourself.
* (figurative, Hokkien) to discuss; to talk over
* (figurative, Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to be careful; to take care

#### Synonyms

* (to consider):
* 冥思 (míngsī)
* 冥想 (míngxiǎng)
* 品味 (pǐnwèi)
* 尋味／寻味 (xúnwèi)
* 尋思／寻思
* 念 (niàn)
* 思 (literary, or in compounds)
* 思想 (sīxiǎng)
* 思慮／思虑 (sīlǜ)
* 思索 (sīsuǒ)
* 思維／思维 (sīwéi)
* 思考 (sīkǎo)
* 思裁 (si$^1$ cai$^2$) (Sichuanese)
* 思量 (sīliáng)
* 慎思 (shènsī)
* 掂掇 (diānduo) (colloquial)
* 推敲 (tuīqiāo)
* 掂量 (diānliáng)
* 揣摩 (chuǎimó)
* 沉思 (chénsī)
* 深思 (shēnsī)
* 照顧／照顾 (zhàogù)
* 玩味 (wánwèi)
* 玩弄 (Classical Chinese)
* 琢磨 (zuómo)
* 算計／算计 (suànjì)
* 考慮／考虑 (kǎolǜ)
* 苦思 (kǔsī)
* 著想／着想 (zhuóxiǎng)
* 計算／计算 (jìsuàn)
* 計較／计较
* 設想／设想 (shèxiǎng)
* 顧全／顾全 (gùquán)
* 顧及／顾及 (gùjí)

#### Derived terms

* 斟酌損益／斟酌损益

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 斟(しん)酌(しゃく) (shinshaku)
* → Korean: 짐작(斟酌) (jimjak)
* → Vietnamese: châm chước (斟酌)

### References

* “Entry #9558”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 斟 | 酌 |
| しん Hyōgai | しゃく Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕĩɰ̃ɕa̠kɯ̟]

### Noun

斟(しん)酌(しゃく) • (shinshaku)
* consideration (for others); (making) allowance

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 斟 | 酌 |

### Noun

斟酌 • (jimjak) (hangeul 짐작)
* hanja form of 짐작 (“guess; assumption; conjecture”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 斟 | 酌 |

### Verb

斟酌
* chữ Hán form of châm chước (“to accommodate, to reconcile”).