# 秘

| 秘 | U+79D8, &#31192; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79D8 |
| ← 秗 [U+79D7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 秙 → [U+79D9] |
Emoji style :
| ㊙︎ | ㊙️ |
| Text style is forced with ⟨&#xFE0E;⟩ and emoji style with ⟨&#xFE0F;⟩. ||
| ㊙ U+3299, &#12953; CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH SECRET ← ㊘ [U+3298] Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㊚ → [U+329A] ||

## Translingual
### Han character

秘 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹木心竹 (HDPH), four-corner 2390$_0$, composition ⿰禾必)

#### Derived characters

* 𱓷, 𦷬, 𥡁, 𢢃

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 851, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24977
* Dae Jaweon: page 1275, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2601, character 7
* Unihan data for U+79D8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 泌 | *mpriɡs, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
| 秘 | *mpriɡs |
| 毖 | *priɡs |
| 閟 | *priɡs |
| 柲 | *priɡs, *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
| 鉍 | *priɡs, *priɡ |
| 邲 | *priɡs, *bliɡ, *briɡ |
| 覕 | *pliŋs, *mbliːɡ |
| 咇 | *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ |
| 苾 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
| 馝 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
| 飶 | *bliːɡ, *bliɡ |
| 鴓 | *mbliːɡ |
| 鮅 | *pliɡ, *bliɡ |
| 必 | *pliɡ |
| 珌 | *pliɡ |
| 佖 | *bliɡ, *briɡ |
| 駜 | *bliɡ, *briɡ |
| 怭 | *bliɡ |
| 妼 | *bliɡ |
| 宓 | *mriɡ, *mliɡ |
| 樒 | *mriɡ |
| 密 | *mriɡ |
| 蔤 | *mriɡ |
| 滵 | *mriɡ |
| 蜜 | *mliɡ |
| 謐 | *mliɡ |
| 榓 | *mliɡ |
| 淧 | *mliɡ |
| 瑟 | *smriɡ, *smriɡ |
| 璱 | *sriɡ |
| 飋 | *sriɡ |
| 虙 | *blɯɡ |
In current form: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mpriɡs) : semantic 禾 + phonetic 必 (OC *pliɡ).
Variant (俗字) of 祕 via 示 → 禾, hence there is a reference to secret rituals and the concept of arcane.

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Read mì instead of bì in Mandarin as a result of conflation with 密 (mì) (cf. 秘密 (mìmì)) (Fu, 1958).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): mì, bì (mi$^4$, bi$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧˋ, ㄅㄧˋ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): би (bi, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bei$^3$ / bai$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): bi$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): bi$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pi
    (Meixian, Guangdong): bi$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): bé
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pì
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bi$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$pi; $^5$mi
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bei$^4$ / mi$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mì
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mì
*** Wade–Giles: mi$^4$
*** Yale: mì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mih
*** Palladius: ми (mi)
*** Sinological IPA : /mi⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bì
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bì
*** Wade–Giles: pi$^4$
*** Yale: bì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
*** Palladius: би (bi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi⁵¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: би (bi, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bei$^3$ / bai$^3$
*** Yale: bei / bai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bei$^3$ / bai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: béi$^3$ / bei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pei̯³³/, /pɐi̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: bi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pi³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: bi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pi³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pi
*** Hakka Romanization System: bi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pi⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: bi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pi⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bé
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛi²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pì
*** Tâi-lô: pì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pix
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pi²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pi⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pi²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pi¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pi²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bi$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pì
*** Sinological IPA : /pi²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$pi; $^5$mi
*** MiniDict: pi$^去$; 'mi$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$pi; $^2$'mi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pi³⁴/, /mi³⁴/
* 2pi - vernacular;
* 2'mi - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit秘 (秘書) |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /mi⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /mi⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /mi⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /mi²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /mi⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /mi²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /mi²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /mji⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /mi¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /mi¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /mi²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /mi²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /pei¹³/ /mi³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /mi²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /mi³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /pi⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /pz̩⁵³/ /mz̩⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /miəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /pi³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /miəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /pi³⁵/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /pi⁵¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /pi⁴⁴⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /mi²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /pi³²⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /mi⁴²/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /mi²⁴/ /pei⁵⁵/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /pi⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /pi⁴⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /pi⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /pi⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /pei³³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /pi³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /pei³³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /pi²¹/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /pɛi²¹²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /mi²⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /pi²¹³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /mit̚⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: pijH
Rime :
| Character | 秘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (17) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 兵媚切 |
| Baxter | pijH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pˠiɪ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pᵚi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piɪ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pji$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /pji$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pi$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bei$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*mpriɡs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 秘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 553 |
| Phonetic component | 必 |
| Rime group | 至 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 祕 |
| Old Chinese | /*mpriɡs/ |
| Notes | 祕注俗字 |

### Definitions

秘
* secret; undisclosed; confidential
* mysterious; abstruse
* rare; scarce; extraordinary
* to keep as a secret
* to block
* Short for 秘書／秘书 (mìshū, “secretary”).
* Short for 秘魯／秘鲁 (Bìlǔ, “Peru”).
* a surname

### Compounds

* 便秘
* 傳神秘要 / 传神秘要
* 汪秘 (Wāngmì)
* 秘不發喪 / 秘不发丧 (mìbùfāsāng)
* 秘事
* 秘史 (mìshǐ)
* 秘密 (mìmì)
* 秘寶 / 秘宝 (mìbǎo)
* 秘方 (mìfāng)
* 秘書 / 秘书 (mìshū)
* 秘本 (mìběn)
* 秘籍 (mìjí)
* 秘而不宣 (mì'érbùxuān)
* 秘聞 / 秘闻 (mìwén)
* 秘色 (mìsè)
* 秘色瓷
* 秘藏
* 秘計 / 秘计 (mìjì)
* 秘訣 / 秘诀 (mìjué)
* 秘話 / 秘话
* 秘魯 / 秘鲁

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 秘 |
| Kyūjitai | 祕 |

### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 祕)
* secret; confidential

#### Readings

* Go-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: ひ (hi, Jōyō)
* Kun: ひめる (himeru, 秘める, Jōyō)、かくす (kakusu, 秘す)、ひそか (hisoka, 秘か)
* Nanori: なし (nashi)、なみ (nami)、み (mi)、やす (yasu)

#### Compounds

* 秘(ひ)術(じゅつ) (hijutsu): numerology, or a secret art
* 秘(ひ)術(じゅつ)師(し) (hijutsushi): a practitioner of a secret art
* 秘(ひ)書(しょ) (hisho): secretary
* 秘(ひ)密(みつ) (himitsu): secret
* 秘(ひ)儀(ぎ) (higi)
* 秘(ひ)境(きょう) (hikyō)
* 秘(ひ)訣(けつ) (hiketsu)
* 秘(ひ)法(ほう) (hihō)

## Korean
### Hanja

秘 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

秘: Hán Nôm readings: bí
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.