# 窠

| 窠 | U+7AA0, &#31392; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AA0 |
| ← 窟 [U+7A9F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 窡 → [U+7AA1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

窠 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 十金田木 (JCWD), four-corner 3090$_4$, composition ⿱穴果)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 866, character 37
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25556
* Dae Jaweon: page 1294, character 35
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2732, character 20
* Unihan data for U+7AA0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 裸 | *ɡ·roːlʔ |
| 躶 | *ɡ·roːlʔ |
| 果 | *kloːlʔ |
| 菓 | *kloːlʔ |
| 猓 | *kloːlʔ |
| 輠 | *kloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ, *kʰluːls |
| 裹 | *kloːlʔ, *kloːls |
| 蜾 | *kloːlʔ |
| 惈 | *kloːlʔ |
| 粿 | *kloːlʔ |
| 窠 | *kʰloːl |
| 稞 | *kʰloːl, *ɡroːlʔ |
| 課 | *kʰloːl, *kʰloːls |
| 髁 | *kʰloːl, *kʰloːls, *kʰroːlʔ |
| 棵 | *kʰloːl, *kʰloːnʔ, *ɡloːnʔ |
| 顆 | *kʰloːlʔ |
| 堁 | *kʰloːlʔ, *kʰloːls, *kloːns |
| 敤 | *kʰloːlʔ, *kʰloːls |
| 夥 | *qʰloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ |
| 婐 | *qloːlʔ, *kroːl |
| 踝 | *ɡroːlʔ |
| 祼 | *ɡluːlʔ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kē (ke$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄜ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fo$^1$ / wo$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): vo$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$khu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kē
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄜ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ke
*** Wade–Giles: kʻo$^1$
*** Yale: kē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ke
*** Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fo$^1$ / wo$^1$
*** Yale: fō / wō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fo$^1$ / wo$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fo$^1$ / wo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔː⁵⁵/, /wɔː⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: vo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /vᵘɔ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$khu
*** MiniDict: khu$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$khu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰu⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: khwa
Rime :
| Character | 窠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 苦禾切 |
| Baxter | khwa |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰwa/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kuō |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fo$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰloːl/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 窠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4776 |
| Phonetic component | 果 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 科 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰloːl/ |

### Definitions

窠
* bird's nest in cave; nest
* (literary) simple dwelling
* (literary) empty space; pit; hole
* Alternative form of 棵 (“classifier for plants”)
    From: 10th century, 李煜, Li Cyu, 長相思·雲一渦
    Qiūfēng duō, yǔ xiànghé, lián wài bājiāo sānliǎng kē, yè cháng rén nàihé! [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)

### Compounds

* 不落窠臼 (bùluòkējiù)
* 印窠
* 壘窠兒 / 垒窠儿
* 打窠地
* 擘窠書 / 擘窠书 (bòkēshū)
* 私窠子
* 窠子
* 窠巢 (kēcháo)
* 窠羅圈 / 窠罗圈
* 窠臼 (kējiù)
* 臼窠 (jiùkē)

### References

* “窠”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* nest
* hole
* indentation
* den

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): か (ka)
* Kun: す (su)

## Korean
### Hanja

窠 (eum 과 (gwa))
* nest
* hole
* indentation
* den