# 啡

| 啡 | U+5561, &#21857; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5561 |
| ← 啠 [U+5560] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 啢 → [U+5562] |

## Translingual
### Han character

啡 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 口中一卜 (RLMY), four-corner 6101$_1$, composition ⿰口非)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1382, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3874
* Dae Jaweon: page 418, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 639, character 6
* Unihan data for U+5561

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 啡 | *pʰɯːlʔ |
| 排 | *brɯːl |
| 俳 | *brɯːl |
| 輫 | *brɯːl, *buːl |
| 悲 | *prɯl |
| 棑 | *breː, *brɯːls |
| 輩 | *puːls |
| 裴 | *buːl, *bɯl |
| 徘 | *buːl |
| 琲 | *buːlʔ |
| 痱 | *buːlʔ, *pɯds, *bɯl, *bɯls |
| 非 | *pɯl |
| 扉 | *pɯl |
| 緋 | *pɯl |
| 猆 | *pɯl |
| 斐 | *pɯl, *pʰɯlʔ |
| 馡 | *pɯl |
| 騑 | *pɯl, *pʰɯl |
| 誹 | *pɯl, *pɯlʔ, *pɯls |
| 餥 | *pɯl, *pɯlʔ |
| 匪 | *pɯlʔ |
| 棐 | *pɯlʔ |
| 蜚 | *pɯlʔ, *bɯls |
| 篚 | *pɯlʔ |
| 榧 | *pɯlʔ |
| 鯡 | *pɯls |
| 霏 | *pʰɯl |
| 菲 | *pʰɯl, *pʰɯlʔ, *bɯls |
| 婔 | *pʰɯl |
| 裶 | *pʰɯl |
| 悱 | *pʰɯlʔ |
| 奜 | *pʰɯlʔ |
| 腓 | *bɯl, *bɯls |
| 陫 | *bɯlʔ |
| 屝 | *bɯls |
| 厞 | *bɯls |
| 翡 | *bɯls |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰɯːlʔ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 非 (OC *pɯl).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fēi (fei$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄟ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fe$^1$ / fei$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): fie$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): fi$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pî / fî
* Eastern Min (BUC): bĭ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pi / phi / pé / hui
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hui$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$fi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fēi
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fei
*** Wade–Giles: fei$^1$
*** Yale: fēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fei
*** Palladius: фэй (fɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /feɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fe$^1$ / fei$^1$
*** Yale: fē / fēi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fe$^1$ / fei$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fé$^1$ / féi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɛː⁵⁵/, /fei̯⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: fie$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /fiɛ⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: fi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɨi⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pî / fî
*** Hakka Romanization System: bi$^ˊ$ / fi$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bi$^1$ / fi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pi²⁴/, /fi²⁴/
* pî - used in 咖啡;
* fî - used in 嗎啡.

#### Definitions

啡
* Used in transcription.
    咖啡 ― kāfēi ― coffee
    嗎啡／吗啡 ― mǎfēi ― morphine
* (chiefly Cantonese) Short for 咖啡 (kāfēi, “coffee”).
    齋啡／斋啡 [Cantonese] ― zaai$^1$ fe$^1$ [Jyutping] ― black coffee
** 2017, 大腦出租 [BRAINRENTAL], 《急不了先生》 [Mr Not Urgent], Hong Kong: 三聯書店, →ISBN, page 62:
       m$^4$ lei$^5$ bui$^1$ fe$^1$ laa$^3$! [Jyutping]
       Don't worry about the coffee!
** 2022, 陳頸, “野炊滋味”, in HomeMag @ Clubhouses‎, number 4, page 30:
       jik$^6$ jat$^6$ cing$^1$ san$^4$, dong$^1$ jin$^4$ jiu$^3$ sin$^1$ loi$^4$ jat$^1$ hau$^2$ “wui$^4$ wan$^4$ fe$^1$”, jat$^1$ bun$^1$ dou$^1$ wui$^5$ daai$^3$ bei$^6$ daai$^6$ koi$^3$ zuk$^1$ gau$^3$ cung$^1$ sap$^6$ bui$^1$ fan$^6$ loeng$^6$ dik$^1$ daan$^1$ jat$^1$ ban$^2$ zung$^2$ gaa$^3$ fe$^1$ dau$^{6-2}$, mo$^4$ seoi$^3$, dou$^3$ jing$^4$ dei$^6$ si$^4$ zau$^6$ ho$^2$ ji$^5$ zik$^1$ si$^4$ cung$^1$ zai$^3$. [Jyutping]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (～色) (chiefly Cantonese) brown

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 咖啡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 咖啡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 咖啡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 咖啡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 咖啡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 咖啡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 咖啡, 啡 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 咖啡 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 咖啡 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 咖啡 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 咖啡 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 咖啡 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 咖啡, 咖啡茶 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 咖啡 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 咖啡 |

#### Compounds

* 凍啡 / 冻啡
* 咖啡 (kāfēi)
* 啡咖
* 啡色 (fēisè)
* 啡走 (fēizǒu)
* 嗎啡 / 吗啡 (mǎfēi)
* 奶啡
* 流啡
* 茄哩啡
* 齋啡 / 斋啡

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pèi (pei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄟˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pèi
*** Wade–Giles: pʻei$^4$
*** Yale: pèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pey
*** Palladius: пэй (pɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰeɪ̯⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: phojX
Rime :
| Character | 啡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 匹愷切 |
| Baxter | phojX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰʌi$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰəi$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰɒi$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰəj$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰᴀi$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰɒi$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pʰɑ̆i$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pǎi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | poi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰɯːlʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 啡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3063 |
| Phonetic component | 非 |
| Rime group | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 啡 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰɯːlʔ/ |
| Notes | 集韻普亥切 |

#### Definitions

啡
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pái (pai$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄞˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pái
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pái
*** Wade–Giles: pʻai$^2$
*** Yale: pái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pair
*** Palladius: пай (paj)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰaɪ̯³⁵/

#### Definitions

啡
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Eastern Min (BUC): puói
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: puói
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰui²¹³/

#### Definitions

啡
* (Eastern Min, dialectal Hakka) to spit

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 吐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 吐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 吐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 吐 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 吐, 𦧲 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 吐, 𦧲 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 𦧲 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 吐 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 吐 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 吐, 𦧲 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 吐 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 吐 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 吐 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 吐 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 唾, 哯 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 吐 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 啡 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 吐 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 啡 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 啡 |
| Hakka | Changting | 吐 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 啡 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 吐 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 吐 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 吐 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 吐 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 吐 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 哯 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 哯 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 哯 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 哯 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 哯 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 吐, 哯 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 吐 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 啡 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 吐 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 啡 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 啡 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 啡 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 吐 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 啡 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 啡 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 唾 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 吐 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 呸 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吐 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 吐 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 吐 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 啡 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 啡 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 啡 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 啡 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 啡 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 啡 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 啡 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 啡 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 啡 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 啡 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 呸 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 呸 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 吐 |
| Wu | Danyang | 吐 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 吐 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吐 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 吐 |

### Etymology 5

* For pronunciation and definitions of 啡 – see 淝 (“(Cantonese) to spray, to shoot”). (This character is a variant form of 淝).

### Etymology 6

* For pronunciation and definitions of 啡 – see 觱 (“(Hokkien, onomatopoeic) whistling sound”). (This character is a variant form of 觱).

### References

* “啡”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): はい (hai)、へ (he)、ひ (hi)
* Kun: いびき (ibiki)、つば (tsuba)

## Korean
### Hanja

啡 • (bae, bi) (hangeul 배, 비, revised bae, bi, McCune–Reischauer pae, pi)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.