# 酯

| 酯 | U+916F, &#37231; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-916F |
| ← 酮 [U+916E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 酰 → [U+9170] |

## Translingual
### Han character

酯 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一田心日 (MWPA), four-corner 1168$_1$, composition ⿰酉旨)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1283, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39861
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3581, character 10
* Unihan data for U+916F

## Chinese

* 酯

### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) : semantic 酉 (“oxygenated functional group”) + phonetic 旨 (OC *kjiʔ). Modelled after 脂 (zhī, “lipid”) with a radical input from other oxygenated organic compounds such as 醇 (chún, “alcohol”) and 酸 (suān, “acid”), referring to ester linkages in lipids like glycerides.

### Etymology

From 脂 (zhī, “lipid”), referring to ester linkages in lipids like glycerides.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^2$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zi$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chí
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐh
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^3$
*** Yale: jř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
*** Palladius: чжи (čži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^2$
*** Yale: jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː³⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
*** Tâi-lô: tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴¹/

### Definitions

酯
* (organic chemistry) ester
** Section 12(1), Air Pollution Control (Motor Vehicle Fuel) Regulation (Cap. 311L)
       jam$^6$ ho$^4$ hei$^3$ ce$^1$ sang$^1$ faa$^3$ caai$^4$ jau$^4$ gung$^1$ jing$^3$ soeng$^1$ ming$^4$ zi$^1$ ji$^4$ gung$^1$ jing$^3$ waak$^6$ fan$^1$ faat$^3$ jam$^6$ ho$^4$ zi$^2$ ham$^4$ loeng$^6$ gou$^1$ jyu$^1$ waak$^6$ dai$^1$ jyu$^1$ hei$^3$ ce$^1$ sang$^1$ faa$^3$ caai$^4$ jau$^4$ biu$^1$ cim$^1$ soeng$^6$ so$^2$ hin$^2$ si$^6$ dik$^1$ zi$^2$ ham$^4$ loeng$^6$ baak$^3$ fan$^6$ leot$^{6-2}$ ciu$^1$ gwo$^3$ 1% dik$^1$ hei$^3$ ce$^1$ sang$^1$ faa$^3$ caai$^4$ jau$^4$, zik$^1$ suk$^6$ faan$^6$ zeoi$^6$, jat$^1$ ging$^1$ ding$^6$ zeoi$^6$, ho$^2$ cyu$^2$ dai$^6$ ng$^5$ kap$^1$ fat$^6$ fun$^2$. [Jyutping]
       Any motor vehicle biodiesel supplier who knowingly supplies or distributes any motor vehicle biodiesel containing an ester content that is more than 1% higher or lower than the percentage of ester content as indicated on the motor vehicle biodiesel label commits an offence and is liable to a fine at level 5.

#### Synonyms

* 𨤎 (yán) (obsolete)

### Compounds

* 乙酸乙酯 (yǐsuānyǐzhǐ)
* 聚酯 (jùzhǐ)
* 聚酯絲 / 聚酯丝
* 聚酯纖維 / 聚酯纤维
* 酯酶 (zhǐméi)

### References

* “酯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “酯”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 309.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

酯: Hán Nôm readings: chỉ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.