# ад
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

ад (definite accusative ады, plural адлар)
* Cyrillic spelling of ad (“name”)

#### Declension
## Belarusian
### Alternative forms

* ad — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *otъ. Cognate with Russian от (ot) and Ukrainian від (vid), од (od).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [at]
* Rhymes: -at
* Audio:(file)

### Preposition

ад • (ad) (before consonant clusters ада)
* from

### References

* “ад”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)

## Bulgarian
### Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic адъ (adŭ), from Ancient Greek ᾍδης (Hā́idēs).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [at]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

ад • (ad) m (relational adjective а́дски or а́дов)
* hell, inferno, perdition

#### Declension

$^1$Rare.

### References

* “ад”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “ад”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “ад”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 4
* “ад”, in Български тълковен речник [Bulgarian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), fourth edition, Sofia: Nauka i Izkustvo, 2005, page 19

### Anagrams

* да (da)

## Kalmyk

| Cyrillic | Clear Script |
| ад (ad) | ᠠᡑᠠ(ada) |

### Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *ada.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aˈdə/, /at/

### Noun

ад • (ad)
* madness
* evil spirit

### Adjective

ад • (ad)
* (by extension) furious, invulnerable

## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [at]
* Hyphenation: ад

### Noun

ад • (ad) m (relational adjective а́дски)
* hell (the abode of the damned)
    Synonym: пе́кол m (pékol)

#### See also

* Ад m (Ad)

### References

* “ад” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

## Mongolian
### Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *ada, likely a borrowing from Old Uyghur 𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽰 (ada, “menace”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /at/, [ɑt]

### Noun

ад • (ad) (Mongolian spelling ᠠᠳᠠ (ada)); (regular declension)
* devil, evil spirit
* nuisance, menace

### Adjective

ад • (ad)
* sly
* weird

## Ossetian
### Noun

ад • (ad)
* taste

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* адъ (ad) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic адъ (adŭ), from Old Church Slavonic адъ (adŭ), from Ancient Greek ᾍδης (Hā́idēs).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [at]
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -at

### Noun

ад • (ad) m inan (genitive а́да, nominative plural а́ды, genitive plural а́дов, relational adjective а́дский or а́довый or а́дов, diminutive адо́к, augmentative а́дище)
* (Christianity or figuratively) hell, Hades (the abode of the damned)
    Synonyms: пе́кло (péklo), преиспо́дняя (preispódnjaja), гее́нна (gejénna)
    соше́ствие Христа́ в а́д ― sošéstvije Xristá v ád ― Christ's Harrowing of Hell
* (dialectal, Siberia) bog, unpassable mud

#### Related terms

* а́дский (ádskij)

#### Descendants

* → Ingrian: aada, vaadu
* → Kildin Sami: адт (adt)

## Udi
### Noun

ад • (ad)
* smell

## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Ruthenian адъ (ad), from Old East Slavic адъ (adŭ), from Old Church Slavonic адъ (adŭ), from Ancient Greek ᾍδης (Hā́idēs). Doublet of Аї́д (Ajíd).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ad]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

ад • (ad) m inan (genitive а́ду, nominative plural а́ди, genitive plural а́дів)
* (dated) hell
    Synonym: пе́кло (péklo)

#### Declension
### References

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “ад”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “ад”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* “ад”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “ад”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)