# bruth
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bˠɾˠʊ(h)/
* (Kerry) IPA: /bˠɾˠɞh/, /bˠɾˠɯh/
* (Aran) IPA: /bˠɾˠuː/

### Etymology 1

From Old Irish bruth, from Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-.

#### Noun

bruth m (genitive singular brutha, nominative plural bruthanna)
* heat
* rash, eruption
* (textiles) nap, pile, covering
    Synonym: caitín
* surf

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
bruth
bruthanna
vocative
a bhruth
a bhruthanna
genitive
brutha
bruthanna
dative
bruth
bruthanna
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an bruth
na bruthanna
genitive
an bhrutha
na mbruthanna
dative
leis an mbruth don bhruth
leis na bruthanna :

##### Alternative forms

* broth

##### Derived terms

* bruithean
* bruth faoi thír (“wrack”)
* bruthach (“hot, fiery; napped, fluffy”, adjective)
* bruthaire m (“hairy, unkempt, person”)
* bruthán m (“(slight) rash”)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

bruth f (genitive singular as substantive bruithe, genitive as verbal noun bruite)
* Alternative form of bruith

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 81
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 51
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 bruth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 81–82

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bruth”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “bruth”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “bruth”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025

## Old Irish
### Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *brutus (“fermentation, boiling heat”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bruθ]

### Noun

bruth m
* raging, violent or boiling heat
* blaze, (fiery) glow

#### Inflection

Masculine u-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | bruth | bruth$^L$ | brothae |
| Vocative | bruth | bruth$^L$ | brothu |
| Accusative | bruth$^N$ | bruth$^L$ | brothu |
| Genitive | brotho$^H$, brotha$^H$ | brotho, brotha | brothae$^N$ |
| Dative | bruth$^L$ | brothaib | brothaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Descendants

* Irish: bruth

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 81–82

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 bruth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language