OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# radykalista
## Polish
### Etymology

From radykalizm +‎ -ista.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ra.dɘ.kaˈlis.ta/
* Rhymes: -ista
* Syllabification: ra‧dy‧ka‧lis‧ta

### Noun

radykalista m pers (female equivalent radykalistka)
* extremist, radical, ultra
    Synonyms: ekstremista, fanatyk, radykał, ultras

#### Related terms

* radykalny
* radykalnie
* radykalizacja
* radykalizm
* radykalność
* radykał
* radykałka
* radykalizować
* zradykalizować

### Further reading

* radykalista in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* radykalista in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# spat nails
## English
### Verb

spat nails
* simple past and past participle of spit nails
# पानीय
## Pali
### Alternative forms

* pānīya (Latin script)
* 𑀧𑀸𑀦𑀻𑀬 (Brahmi script)
* পানীয (Bengali script)
* පානීය (Sinhalese script)
* ပါနီယ or ပါနဳယ or ပႃၼီယ (Burmese script)
* ปานีย or ปานียะ (Thai script)
* ᨷᩤᨶᩦᨿ (Tai Tham script)
* ປານີຍ or ປານີຍະ or ປານີຢະ (Lao script)
* បានីយ (Khmer script)
* 𑄛𑄂𑄚𑄩𑄠 (Chakma script)

### Noun

पानीय n
* Devanagari script form of pānīya

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* পানীয় (Assamese script)
* ᬧᬵᬦᬷᬬ (Balinese script)
* পানীয় (Bengali script)
* 𑰢𑰯𑰡𑰱𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀧𑀸𑀦𑀻𑀬 (Brahmi script)
* ပါနီယ (Burmese script)
* પાનીય (Gujarati script)
* ਪਾਨੀਯ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌪𑌾𑌨𑍀𑌯 (Grantha script)
* ꦥꦴꦤꦷꦪ (Javanese script)
* 𑂣𑂰𑂢𑂲𑂨 (Kaithi script)
* ಪಾನೀಯ (Kannada script)
* បានីយ (Khmer script)
* ປານີຍ (Lao script)
* പാനീയ (Malayalam script)
* ᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᡳᡳᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘢𑘰𑘡𑘲𑘧 (Modi script)
* ᢒᠠᢗᠨᠢᠢᠶ᠋ᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧂𑧑𑧁𑧓𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐥𑐵𑐣𑐷𑐫 (Newa script)
* ପାନୀଯ (Odia script)
* ꢦꢵꢥꢷꢫ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆥𑆳𑆤𑆵𑆪 (Sharada script)
* 𑖢𑖯𑖡𑖱𑖧 (Siddham script)
* පානීය (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩰𑩛𑩯𑩑𑩛𑩻 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚞𑚭𑚝𑚯𑚣 (Takri script)
* பாநீய (Tamil script)
* పానీయ (Telugu script)
* ปานีย (Thai script)
* པཱ་ནཱི་ཡ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒣𑒰𑒢𑒲𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨞𑨊𑨝𑨁𑨊𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From पा (pā, “to drink”) +‎ -अनीय (-anīya).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /pɑː.niː.jɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /pɑːˈn̪iː.jɐ/

### Adjective

पानीय • (pānīya) stem
* future passive participle of पा (pā): to be drunk; drinkable

#### Declension
### Noun

पानीय • (pānīya) stem, n
* water
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:जल
* drink, beverage

#### Descendants

* Prakrit: 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 (pāṇīa) (see there for further descendants)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “पानीय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 613/2.
* Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “पानीय”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1008
# Malediwczyk
## Polish
### Etymology

From Malediwy +‎ -czyk.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.lɛˈdif.t͡ʂɘk/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ift͡ʂɘk
* Syllabification: Ma‧le‧diw‧czyk

### Noun

Malediwczyk m pers (female equivalent Malediwka)
* Maldivian

#### Related terms

* malediwski
* Malediwy

### Further reading

* Malediwczyk in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# filó
## Portuguese
### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *filōlum, diminutive of Latin filum.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /fiˈlɔ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /fiˈlɔ/
* Rhymes: -ɔ

### Noun

filó m (plural filós)
* bobbinet
    Synonym: bobinete
* tulle

### Further reading

* “filó”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
* “filó”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024

## Spanish
### Verb

filó
* third-person singular preterite indicative of filar
# 雞公煲
## Chinese

| | | rooster; cock | pot or saucepan; to boil; cook or heat |
| trad. (雞公煲/鷄公煲) | trad. (雞公煲/鷄公煲) | 雞公/鷄公 | 煲 |
| simp. (鸡公煲) | simp. (鸡公煲) | 鸡公 | 煲 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīgōngbāo
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄅㄠ
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$ci-kon-pau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīgōngbāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄅㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jigongbao
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^1$-kung$^1$-pao$^1$
*** Yale: jī-gūng-bāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jigongbau
*** Palladius: цзигунбао (czigunbao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$ci-kon-pau
*** MiniDict: ci$^平$ kon pau
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$ji-kon-pau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ koŋ³³ pɔ²¹/

### Noun

雞公煲
* a spicy chicken pot dish from Chongqing
# извозити
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

From из- +‎ возити.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /izʋǒziti/
* Hyphenation: из‧во‧зи‧ти

### Verb

изво̀зити impf (Latin spelling izvòziti)
* (transitive, intransitive) to export (to sell (goods) to a foreign country)
* (transitive) to relocate something by driving; to drive out

#### Related terms

* ѝзвести pf

### Further reading

* “извозити”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
# aukes
## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

aukes
* passive form of auke
# antiagregación
## Spanish
### Etymology

From anti- +‎ agregación.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /antjaɡɾeɡaˈθjon/ [ãn̪.t̪ja.ɣ̞ɾe.ɣ̞aˈθjõn]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /antjaɡɾeɡaˈsjon/ [ãn̪.t̪ja.ɣ̞ɾe.ɣ̞aˈsjõn]
* Rhymes: -on
* Syllabification: an‧tia‧gre‧ga‧ción

### Noun

antiagregación f (uncountable)
* (medicine) antiaggregation

#### Related terms

* antiagregante

#### See also

* anticoagulación
# puts the screws
## English
### Verb

puts the screws
* third-person singular simple present indicative of put the screws
# Hambledon
## English
### Proper noun

Hambledon
* A village and civil parish in Winchester district, Hampshire, England (OS grid ref SU6414).
* A village and civil parish in Waverley borough, Surrey, England (OS grid ref SU9638).

### See also

* Hambleden

### References

* ↑ Parish map (Hampshire)
* ↑ Parish map (Surrey)
# madenî
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish معدنی, from Arabic مَعْدِنِيّ (maʕdiniyy). By surface analysis, maden (“mineral”) +‎ -i (nisba suffix).

### Adjective

madenî
* (metallurgy) mineral, metallic
# campanella
## English
### Etymology

From Latin campanella, from campana (“steeple bell”) + -ella (diminutive suffix).

### Noun

campanella (plural campanellas or campanellae)
* (historical) A smallish suspended bell used in medieval monastic cloisters.

### References

* ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., "Bell".
* ↑ Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Music, Vol. 2, p. 452.

## Italian
### Etymology

From Latin campanella.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kam.paˈnɛl.la/
* Rhymes: -ɛlla
* Hyphenation: cam‧pa‧nèl‧la

### Noun

campanella f (plural campanelle)
* small bell (in a school or factory)
* campanula

## Latin
### Etymology

From campāna (“steeple bell”) +‎ -ella (diminutive suffix).

### Noun

campānella f (genitive campānellae); first declension
* (historical) diminutive of campāna: A smallish suspended bell used in some medieval cloisters.

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Italian: campanella
* → English: campanella

### References

* campanella in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# 溜肩
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liūjiān
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡ ㄐㄧㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liūjiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡ ㄐㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lioujian
*** Wade–Giles: liu$^1$-chien$^1$
*** Yale: lyōu-jyān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lhioujian
*** Palladius: люцзянь (ljuczjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

### Noun

溜肩
* sloping shoulders
# krabbes
## Danish
### Noun

krabbes
* indefinite genitive singular of krabbe

### Verb

krabbes
* passive of krabbe

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

krabbes
* passive form of krabbe
# rajoittaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

raja (“border, limit”) +‎ -oittaa. Coined by Finnish journalist, poet and translator Paavo Tikkanen in 1848.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɑjoi̯tːɑːˣ/, [ˈrɑ̝jo̞i̯t̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -ɑjoitːɑː
* Hyphenation: ra‧joit‧taa

### Verb

rajoittaa (transitive)
* to restrict, limit, constrain, inhibit [with illative ‘to’]

#### Derived terms

* rajoite
* rajoitettu
* rajoitin
* rajoittamaton
* rajoittaminen
* rajoittua
* rajoitus
* liikkumisrajoitteinen
* painorajoitteinen
* työrajoitteinen

### Further reading

* “rajoittaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# stunian
## Old English
### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *stunōn, from Proto-Germanic *stunōną.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈstu.ni.ɑn/

### Verb

stunian
* (intransitive) to make a loud sound; crash
* (transitive) to strike with a loud sound; dash
* (transitive) to confound; astonish; stupefy

#### Derived terms

* wiþstunian

#### Related terms

* ġestun
* stenecian
* stenan
* stēnan
* stenian
* stinan

#### Descendants

* Middle English: stunien, stonien, stounien
** English: stun, stound
** Scots: stun, stound
** ⇒ Middle English: astunien, astonien
*** English: astone, astonie, astony, astonish
# bud grafting
## English
### Noun

bud grafting (countable and uncountable, plural bud graftings)
* (horticulture) Synonym of budding (“the practice of uniting a single scion bud with rootstock or bark”)
# zwyrodnieć
## Polish
### Etymology

From z- +‎ wyrodnieć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /zvɘˈrɔd.ɲɛt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɔdɲɛt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: zwy‧rod‧nieć

### Verb

zwyrodnieć pf (imperfective wyrodnieć)
* (reflexive with się) to degenerate (to lose good or desirable qualities)
    Synonyms: zdegenerować się, wynaturzyć się

#### Derived terms

* zwyrodniały
* zwyrodnienie

#### Related terms

* zwyradniać
* zwyrodnić

### Further reading

* zwyrodnieć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* zwyrodnieć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# tokhtor
## Indonesian
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˈtoxtor/ [ˈt̪ox.t̪or]
* Rhymes: -oxtor
* Syllabification: tokh‧tor

### Noun

tokhtor (plural tokhtor-tokhtor)
* ground cuckoo (any of the cuculine birds in the Carpococcyx genus)
# Estoniako
## Basque
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /es̺toniako/ [es̺.t̪o.ni.a.ko]
* Rhymes: -ako
* Hyphenation: Es‧to‧ni‧a‧ko

### Proper noun

Estoniako
* locative indefinite of Estonia
# 卻く
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 卻
* しりぞ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* For pronunciation and definitions of 卻く – see the following entry: 退く
(The following entry is uncreated: 退く.)
# demoniser
## English
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aɪzə(ɹ)

### Noun

demoniser (plural demonisers)
* Alternative form of demonizer

### Anagrams

* demersion, demonries, domineers, modernise, neodermis

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

demoniser
* imperative of demonisere
# campo de fuerzas
## Spanish
### Noun

campo de fuerzas m (plural campos de fuerzas)
* (physics) force field

#### Related terms

* campo de fuerza
# turning up trumps
## English
### Verb

turning up trumps
* present participle and gerund of turn up trumps
# kukoi
## Karelian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kukkoi.

### Noun

kukoi
* cock

## Ludian
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kukkoi.

### Noun

kukoi
* cock

## Veps
### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kukkoi.

### Noun

kukoi
* rooster

#### Derived terms

* merikukoi
* torakukoi
* varukukoi
* kukoinkarang
* kukoinsil'mäd

### References

* Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “петух”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika
# detallismo
## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /detaˈʝismo/ [d̪e.t̪aˈʝiz.mo]
* IPA: (most of Spain and Latin America) /detaˈʝismo/ [d̪e.t̪aˈʝiz.mo]
* IPA: (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /detaˈʎismo/ [d̪e.t̪aˈʎiz.mo]
* IPA: (Buenos Aires and environs) /detaˈʃismo/ [d̪e.t̪aˈʃiz.mo]
* IPA: (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /detaˈʒismo/ [d̪e.t̪aˈʒiz.mo]
* Rhymes: -ismo
* Syllabification: de‧ta‧llis‧mo

### Noun

detallismo m (uncountable)
* attention to detail
** 2015 October 5, “La fuerza tecnológica de U2”, in El País‎:Esos datos aparecen en el libro U2 en España, obra de Xavier Balart, fan compulsivo, que recoge con detallismo todas las visitas del grupo, desde actuaciones a viajes particulares.This date appears in the book U2 en España [U2 in Spain], which gathers in great detail all the group's visits, from shows to private journeys.

#### Related terms

* detallista

### Further reading

* “detallismo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# 住家艇
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu$^6$ gaa$^1$ teng$^5$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zyu$^6$ gaa$^1$ teng$^5$
*** Yale: jyuh gā téhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzy$^6$ gaa$^1$ teng$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ju$^6$ ga$^1$ téng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syː²² kaː⁵⁵ tʰɛːŋ¹³/

### Noun

住家艇
* (Cantonese) houseboat; boat used for dwelling
# G7
## Translingual
### Alternative forms

* G-7

### Etymology 1

From English, abbreviation of Group of Seven.

#### Proper noun

G7
* (economics, politics) The seven economically most important capitalist countries, which are the United States, Japan, Germany, France, United Kingdom, Italy and Canada, whose finance ministers meet several times a year to discuss economic policy.
** 2020 April 12, Simon Tisdall, “US's global reputation hits rock-bottom over Trump's coronavirus response”, in The Guardian‎ (in English):US reputational damage is not confined to Europe. There was dismay among the G7 countries that a joint statement on tackling the pandemic could not be agreed because Trump insisted on calling it the “Wuhan virus” – his crude way of pinning sole blame on China.

##### Coordinate terms

* G2
* G20
* G5
* G6
* G77
* G8

##### Derived terms

* G7+1

### Etymology 2
#### Symbol

G7
* (music) Symbol for G seventh or dominant seventh.
# fatty liver
## English
### Noun

fatty liver (countable and uncountable, plural fatty livers)
* (pathology, uncountable) The abnormal retention of triglycerides within the vacuoles of the liver.
* (countable) An individual liver of this kind.

#### Synonyms

* (condition): hepatosteatosis, steatohepatosis

#### Hypernyms

* (condition): steatosis

#### Hyponyms

* (condition): hepatosteatitis, steatohepatitis

#### See also

* foie gras
# overkjør
## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

overkjør
* imperative of overkjøre
# stanąć kością w gardle
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* stanąć ością w gardle

### Etymology

Literally, “to stick in [the] throat like [a] bone”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /ˈsta.nɔɲt͡ɕ ˈkɔɕ.t͡ɕɔw̃ v ˈɡar.dlɛ/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /ˈsta.nɔɲt͡ɕ ˈkɔɕ.t͡ɕɔm v ˈɡar.dlɛ/
* Syllabification: sta‧nąć koś‧cią w gar‧dle

### Verb

stanąć kością w gardle pf (imperfective stawać kością w gardle)
* (intransitive, idiomatic) to stick in someone's craw, to stick in someone's gullet, to stick in someone's throat

#### Related terms

* stać kością w gardle impf

### Further reading

* ktoś/coś stanął/stanęło kością w gardle komuś in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* stanąć kością w gardle in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# stood firm
## English
### Verb

stood firm
* simple past and past participle of stand firm
# gets blood from a turnip
## English
### Verb

gets blood from a turnip
* third-person singular simple present indicative of get blood from a turnip
# západoslovanský
## Czech
### Etymology

From západ (“west”) +‎ -o- +‎ Slovan (“Slav”) +‎ -ský.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzaːpadoslovanskiː]
* Rhymes: -anskiː
* Hyphenation: zá‧pa‧do‧slo‧van‧ský

### Adjective

západoslovanský
* West Slavic
    Coordinate terms: východoslovanský, jihoslovanský

#### Related terms

* Slovan m
* slovanský
* západ m

### Further reading

* “západoslovanský”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “západoslovanský”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “západoslovanský”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# infestation
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French infestation, from Late Latin infestatio. Morphologically infest +‎ -ation

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɪnfɛsˈteɪʃən/
* Rhymes: -eɪʃən

### Noun

infestation (countable and uncountable, plural infestations)
* The presence of a large number of pest organisms in an area or field, on the surface of a host or anything that might contact a host, or in the soil.
** 2007, George W. Norton, E. A. Heinrichs, Gregory C. Luther, Globalizing Integrated Pest Management: A Participatory Research Process, page 87:Guatemalan snowpea production has continually been harmed by insect and disease infestations.
** 2013 November 16, Caroline Williams, “I, bee bot”, in New Scientist, page 43:You've probably heard about Beemageddon. Over the past few years, colony collapse disorder – thought to be brought on by a pernicious combination of overwork, bad weather, pesticides and infestations of parasitic varroa mites – has been threatening to wipe out honeybees all over the world, and with them many of our food crops.
** 2016, Jersey City, N.J. Code of Ordinances § 254-43. - Maintenance of exterior of premises‎:A. The exterior of the premises and all structures thereon shall be kept free of all nuisances, unsanitary conditions and fire or safety hazards in the public areas and any of the foregoing shall be removed and abated promptly by the owner or manager. B. Without limiting the generality of Subsection A, the maintenance includes: . . . (3) Keeping the premises free of conditions conducive to infestation by vermin or insects, such as rodent harborages or stagnant water, and other known sources of infestation.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* festination, sinfonietta

## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

infestation f (plural infestations)
* infestation

### Further reading

* “infestation”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# allodian
## English
### Etymology

From Latin allodium + -an.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /əˈləʊdiən/
* (General American) IPA: /əˈloʊdiən/
* Rhymes: -əʊdiən

### Adjective

allodian (not comparable)
* (obsolete, rare) Allodial.
** 1701, Marius D'Assigny, “Of Charles the Second King of Spain, the Thirty fifth Earl of Flanders, the fourth of that Name”, in The History of the Earls and Earldom of Flanders, London: […] D. Brown; S. Crouch; J. Taylor; A. Bell, page 276:'Tis well known that the French were the firſt Aggreſſors. The pretence was to recover the Patrimonial Rights, or the Allodian Lands and Rents of the Dutcheſs of Orleans, from the Prince Palatine of the Rhine, who had them in poſſeſſion, and to aſſiſt the Prince of Furſtemberg, a Creature of France, in his Pretenſions to the Archbiſhoprick of Cologn.
** 1870, “History of the Highland Clans”, in John Scott Keltie, editor, History of the Scottish Highlands: Highland Clans and Highland Regiments, volume II, London: William Mackenzie, page 280:In memoriam of the Clan Laurin, anciently the allodian inhabitants of Balquhidder and Strathearn, the chief of whom, in the decrepitude of old age, together with his aged and infirm adherents, their wives and children, the widows of their departed kindred– […]
** 1967, “Treaty of Westphalia. Munster, October 24, 1648”, in Fred L. Israel, editor, Major Peace Treaties of Modern History 1648-1967, volume I, Chelsea House Publishers; McGraw-Hill Book Co., page 14:Yet in such case, nevertheless, of the return of the Upper Palatinate to the surviving Palatines, the Heirs of any Allodian Lands of the Bavarian Electors shall remain in Possession of the Rights and Benefices, which may lawfully appertain to them.
# 捕らわれる
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 捕
* と Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 捕らわれる – see the following entry. :
| 【囚とらわれる】 | [verb] to be caught, captured, imprisoned; to be apprehended, arrested [verb] to be enslaved [verb] to be seized with fear [verb] to adhere (to s.t.), be swayed, influenced Alternative spellings 捕われる, 捉われる |
(This term, 捕らわれる, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# taksert
## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

taksert
* past participle of taksere
# かえ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of かえ – see the following entry. :
| 【代え】 | [noun] substitute, proxy |
(This term, かえ (kae), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as かえ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as かえ.) :
# Jadi
## Swahili
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic اَلْجَدْي (al-jady).

### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Proper noun

Jadi
* (astronomy) Capricornus

#### Synonyms

* Mbuzi

### See also

Zodiac signs in Swahili (layout · text) :
| Hamali, Kondoo | Tauri, Ng'ombe | Jauza, Mapacha | Sarateni, Kaa |
| Asadi, Simba | Nadhifa, Mashuke | Mizani | Akarabu, Nge |
| Kausi, Mshale | Jadi, Mbuzi | Dalu, Ndoo | Hutu, Samaki |
# jouwen
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjɑu̯ə(n)/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: jou‧wen
* Rhymes: -ɑu̯ən

### Etymology 1

From jouw (interjection, noun) +‎ -en.

#### Verb

jouwen
* (intransitive) to jeer

##### Derived terms

* najouwen
* uitjouwen

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Pronoun

jouwen
* (formal) personal plural of jouwe
    voor jou en de jouwenfor you and your people/family

#### Determiner

jouwen
* (archaic) accusative/dative masculine of jouw [standard until 1947]
* (archaic) dative neuter/plural of jouw
    in jouwen huize ― in your house
# աշխէտ
## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From Middle Median *axšēt, from Proto-Iranian *xšaytah (“shining”). See also Աշխէն (Ašxēn).

### Adjective

աշխէտ • (ašxēt)
* (of a horse) reddish; of a fiery colour
    աշխէտ ձի ― ašxēt ji ― chestnut horse

#### Derived terms

* աշխետաձի (ašxetaji)

#### Descendants

* Armenian: աշխետ (ašxet)

### Further reading

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “աշխէտ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “աշխէտ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “աշխէտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
# Wigilią
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (standard) /viˈɡi.ljɔw̃/, (regional or dialectal, proscribed) /viˈɡi.ljɔm/
* Rhymes: -iljɔw̃
* Syllabification: Wi‧gi‧lią

### Proper noun

Wigilią
* instrumental singular of Wigilia
# 掉包
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): diàobāo
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄠˋ ㄅㄠ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): diu$^6$ baau$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: diàobāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄠˋ ㄅㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: diàobao
*** Wade–Giles: tiao$^4$-pao$^1$
*** Yale: dyàu-bāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diawbau
*** Palladius: дяобао (djaobao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ pɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: diu$^6$ baau$^1$
*** Yale: diuh bāau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: diu$^6$ baau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: diu$^6$ bao$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tiːu̯²² paːu̯⁵⁵/

### Verb

掉包
* Alternative form of 調包 / 调包 (diàobāo, “to switch something for something else stealthily”)
# skattleggende
## Norwegian Bokmål
### Verb

skattleggende
* present participle of skattlegge
# papel de fumar
## Spanish
### Noun

papel de fumar m (plural papeles de fumar)
* rolling paper

#### Derived terms

* cogérsela con papel de fumar

### Further reading

* “papel de fumar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# darkening a church door
## English
### Verb

darkening a church door
* present participle and gerund of darken a church door