# Vulturnus
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /u̯ulˈtur.nus/, [u̯ʊɫ̪ˈt̪ʊrnʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /vulˈtur.nus/, [vul̪ˈt̪urnus]

### Etymology 1

From volvere (“to roll”).

#### Alternative forms

* Volturnus

#### Proper noun

Vulturnus m sg (genitive Vulturnī); second declension
* A river in Campania, now the Volturno

##### Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.

##### Related terms

* Vulturnum

#### Adjective

Vulturnus (feminine Vulturna, neuter Vulturnum); first/second-declension adjective
* of or belonging to the river which is now the Volturno; Vulturnian

##### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

### Etymology 2

Probably ultimately related to vertō; earlier likely an Etruscan deity, perhaps also the namesake of the city Volturnum, now Capua.

#### Proper noun

Vulturnus m sg (genitive Vulturnī); second declension
* A Roman divinity, one of the dī indigetēs, served by the flāmen vulturnālis; perhaps the same as Vertumnus

##### Declension

Second-declension noun, singular only.

##### Derived terms

* Vulturnālis, Volturnālis
* Vulturnālia

### Etymology 3

From Vultur, name of a mountain in Apulia southeast of Rome, possibly related to vultur (“vulture”).

#### Alternative forms

* vulturnus

#### Proper noun

Vulturnus m (genitive Vulturnī); second declension
* The south-east wind or the east wind, depending on the source
** 3rd c. AD, Lucius Ampelius, Liber Memorialis IV:Venti fiunt ex aeris motu et inclinatione. Sunt autem generales quattuor: eurus, idem apheliotes, idem vulturnus ab oriente; ab occidente zephyrus, idem corus, idem favonius; aquilo, idem boreas, aparctias idem, a septentrione; notus, idem libs et auster et africus a meridie.Winds are caused by the motion and direction of air. Principally there are four winds, Eurus, that is Apheliotes or Vulturnus from the east; from the west, Zephyrus, or Corus or Favonius; Aquilo, or Boreas or Aparctias from the north; and Notus, that is Lips, Auster or Africus from the south.
** c. 79 CE, Pliny Maior, Naturalis Historiae II.119:Sunt ergo bini in quattuor caeli partibus, ab oriente aequinoctiali subsolanus, ab oriente brumali vulturnus.Then each quarter of the sky is taken in half, so that [from the north-east, where the sun rises] by summer comes Subsolanus]], from [the south-east where the sun rises] by winter comes Vulturnus.
* (rare) the south-east, or east direction, depending on the source
** c. 995 CE, Richerus, Historiarum Libri Quatuor III.71:Aeream aquilam quae in vertice palatii a Karolo magno acsi volans fixa erat, in vulturnum converterunt. Nam Germani eam in favonium converterant, subtiliter significantes Gallos suo equitatu quandoque posse devinci.They rotated the bronze eagle into the East Wind, which had been fixed at the top of the palace by Charlemagne as though aloft. For the Germans had turned it into the West Wind keenly to remind the French they could be beaten anytime by their cavalry.

##### Declension

Second-declension noun.

##### Descendants

See vulturnus.

### References

* “Vulturnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* Vulturnus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
* Mestica (1998): Diccionario Akal de mitología universal