# 替

| 替 | U+66FF, &#26367; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66FF |
| ← 曾 [U+66FE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 最 → [U+6700] |

## Translingual
### Han character

替 (Kangxi radical 73, 曰+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手人日 (QOA), four-corner 5560$_3$, composition ⿱㚘曰)

#### Derived characters

* 僣, 譛, 鐟, 䲋, 䣠, 簮, 𠟆, 𠾱, 𡼫, 𢡚, 𣚽, 𤏖, 𥋋, 𦅦, 𦏋, 𦠛, 𦻘, 𨅕, 𩁀, 𩅮, 𩕗, 𩞲, 𪍲, 𪖽, 𱈻

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 503, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14300
* Dae Jaweon: page 877, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1515, character 8
* Unihan data for U+66FF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 替 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 替 | *tʰiːds |
| 暜 | *tʰiːds |
| 僣 | *tʰiːd |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 竝 + 曰 – two figures (竝) changing places. Two top components have been simplified from 立 to 夫.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tì (ti$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tai$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ti$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thai / thi
* Jin (Wiktionary): ti$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): tá̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thè / thòe / thùi / thoeh
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ti$^3$ / toi$^3$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^5$thi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tì
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tì
*** Wade–Giles: tʻi$^4$
*** Yale: tì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tih
*** Palladius: ти (ti)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tai$^3$
*** Yale: tai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɐi̯³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ti$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi²¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai / thi
*** Hakka Romanization System: tai / ti
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tai$^4$ / ti$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵/, /tʰi⁵⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ti$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰi⁴⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tá̤
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɑ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thè
*** Tâi-lô: thè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tex
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung): /tʰe²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰe⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Lukang, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòe
*** Tâi-lô: thuè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toex
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰue²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tʰue⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰue¹¹/
*** IPA (Lukang): /tʰue³¹/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /tʰue¹²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thùi
*** Tâi-lô: thuì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tuix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰui⁴¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /tʰui²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰui¹¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thoeh
*** Tâi-lô: thueh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: toeq
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /tʰueʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰueʔ⁵/
* thè - literary;
* thòe/thuì/thoeh - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: thejH
Rime :
| Character | 替 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 他計切 |
| Baxter | thejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰei$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰei$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɛi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰɛj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰei$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰiei$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰiei$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥ˤi[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰiːds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 替 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ thej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*n̥ˁi[t]-s/ |
| English | discard |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 替 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12378 |
| Phonetic component | 替 |
| Rime group | 至 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 替 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰiːds/ |
| Notes | 説文作暜 |

### Definitions

替
* to substitute for; to displace
       Wáng lǎoshī shēngbìng le, lín lǎoshī tì tā shàngkè. [Pinyin]
       Teacher Wang is sick, so Teacher Lin is substituting for his class.
* for; in place of
       Tā tì wǒ qù le tàng chāoshì. [Pinyin]
       He went to the supermarket for me. [Originally, I was the person who should go to the supermarket]
       Xūyào wǒ tì nín liánxì gōngchéngshī ma? [Pinyin]
       Do you need me to contact an engineer for you?
    From: 2010, The Firmament of the Pleiades
    Núcái tì tiānxià bǎixìng gǎnjī huángtàihòu ēndiǎn! [Pinyin]
    I, on behalf of the people throughout the world, [hereby] express my gratitude for the kindness of the empress dowager!
* to decline; to go downhill; to be on the wane; to fall; to decay
    From: 1946, writing by ​Kim Yeong'ik (金永益)
    Wal: "Yu wi ilhyang eom hwai ji banghan, su yu sok ji gyebun, jeuk se go ryeok che. Jonmo ji ui mu i yuji. Jeuk bulmun sok ji hwai, in ji gusin, pa gi hyu reung, i yeo ji seong gi sa, yeok siui ji il do ya. Gi eon yeoha?" [Sino-Korean]
    He said: "There are those who say that if we always hold firm to the limits of the hua and the yi and keep to the borders between the Confucian and profane worlds, our circumstances shall be forlorn and our strength faltering. The cause of honoring and commemorating is not upheld thereby. So if we disregard whether the customs are hua or yi or whether the people are of the old or new types, breaking these boundaries and achieving our aim along with them, this would also be a way to act appropriately for these times. What do you have to say?"

#### Synonyms

* (to substitute):
* 交替 (jiāotì)
* 代換 / 代换 (dàihuàn)
* 代替 (dàitì)
* 取代 (qǔdài)
* 岔換 / 岔换 (chàhuàn) (regional)
* 接替 (jiētì)
* 更代 (gēngdài)
* 更換 / 更换 (gēnghuàn)
* 更替 (gēngtì)
* 替代 (tìdài)
* 替換 / 替换 (tìhuàn)
* 疊代 / 叠代 (diédài) (literary)
* 調換 / 调换 (diàohuàn)
* 迭代 (diédài) (literary)
* (for):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 替, 為 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 給, 替 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 給, 替 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 替 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 給, 替 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 替, 給 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 幫, 給, 跟 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 跟, 幫 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 代, 替 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 代, 幫 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 同, 幫 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 同, 幫 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 替, 幐 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 跟, 幫 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 同, 代 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 替, 給 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 替, 幫 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 替, 共 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 替, 共 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 共 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 共 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 替, 共 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 替, 共 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 代, 個 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 個 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 幫, 搭 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 替, 搭 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 代 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 幫, 跟, 代 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 幫 |
* (to decline):
* 式微 (shìwēi) (literary)
* 敗落 / 败落 (bàiluò)
* 沒落 / 没落 (mòluò)
* 淪落 / 沦落 (lúnluò)
* 漉柵 / 漉栅 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 破落 (pòluò) (in wealth and position)
* 衰微 (shuāiwēi) (literary)
* 衰敗 / 衰败 (shuāibài)
* 衰落 (shuāiluò)
* 陵替 (língtì) (literary)
* 零落 (língluò)

### Compounds

* 一替
* 一替一句
* 世代交替
* 交替 (jiāotì)
* 代替 (dàitì)
* 代替品
* 代替物
* 代替財 / 代替财
* 倒替 (dǎotì)
* 冒名頂替 / 冒名顶替 (màomíngdǐngtì)
* 凌替
* 抽替
* 拉替身兒 / 拉替身儿
* 捉生替死
* 接替 (jiētì)
* 接替栽培
* 新舊交替 / 新旧交替
* 更替 (gēngtì)
* 替人
* 替代 (tìdài)
* 替代作用
* 替代品 (tìdàipǐn)
* 替代能源
* 替僧
* 替力
* 替另
* 替天行道 (tìtiānxíngdào)
* 替子
* 替工 (tìgōng)
* 替手填腳 / 替手填脚
* 替換 / 替换 (tìhuàn)
* 替死鬼 (tìsǐguǐ)
* 替狗奪食 / 替狗夺食
* 替班 (tìbān)
* 替罪羊 (tìzuìyáng)
* 替罪羔羊
* 替考 (tìkǎo)
* 替聘
* 替補 / 替补
* 替身 (tìshēn)
* 替身演員 / 替身演员
* 替頭 / 替头
* 替頭兒 / 替头儿
* 槍替 / 枪替 (qiāngtì)
* 淪替 / 沦替
* 演替
* 激素替代療法 / 激素替代疗法 (jīsù tìdài liáofǎ)
* 獻可替否 / 献可替否
* 獻替可否 / 献替可否
* 興替 / 兴替 (xīngtì)
* 衰替
* 輪替 / 轮替 (lúntì)
* 進可替不 / 进可替不
* 進可替否 / 进可替否
* 陵替 (língtì)
* 隆替
* 零替
* 頂替 / 顶替 (dǐngtì)

### References

* “替”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* exchange, replace
* spare, substitute

#### Readings

* Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: てい (tei)
* Kun: かえる (kaeru, 替える, Jōyō)、かわる (kawaru, 替わる, Jōyō)、すたれる (sutareru, 替れる)

## Korean
### Hanja

替 (eumhun 바꿀 체 (bakkul che))
* hanja form of 체 (“to change; switch”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

替: Hán Nôm readings: thế
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.