# कोटि
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* কোটি (Assamese script)
* ᬓᭀᬝᬶ (Balinese script)
* কোটি (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰺𑰘𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑁄𑀝𑀺 (Brahmi script)
* ကောဋိ (Burmese script)
* કોટિ (Gujarati script)
* ਕੋਟਿ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑍋𑌟𑌿 (Grantha script)
* ꦏꦺꦴꦛꦶ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂷𑂗𑂱 (Kaithi script)
* ಕೋಟಿ (Kannada script)
* កោដិ (Khmer script)
* ໂກຏິ (Lao script)
* കോടി (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᠣᢞᡳ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘻𑘘𑘱 (Modi script)
* ᢉᠣᠸᠠᢌᠢ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧜𑦸𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑑀𑐚𑐶 (Newa script)
* କୋଟି (Odia script)
* ꢒꣂꢜꢶ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑆾𑆛𑆴 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖺𑖘𑖰 (Siddham script)
* කොටි (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜𑩕𑩦𑩑 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚴𑚔𑚮 (Takri script)
* கோடி (Tamil script)
* కోటి (Telugu script)
* โกฏิ (Thai script)
* ཀོ་ཊི (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑒼𑒙𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑨆𑨔𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Of uncertain origin.
For the "curved end of a bow, tip" meanings, Burrow compares Latin cautēs (“pointy rock”). He also considered a borrowing from Dravidian in the past, but later rejects this.
The "large number" meaning is often considered to be of a separate origin from the other meanings, and is traditionally considered of substrate (possibly Munda) origin; compare Bodo Gadaba [script needed] (koɽi, “twenty”) (in small-scale counting, 20 would be considered a large number). However, Mayrhofer later doubts this derivation, and considers the "large number" meaning as a semantic transfer from the "tip" meaning.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /kɐw.ʈi/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈkoː.ʈi/

### Noun

कोटि • (koṭi) stem, f
* the curved end of a bow or of claws, end or top of anything, edge or point (of a sword), horns or cusps (of the moon)
* the highest point, eminence, excellence, end, extremity
* ‘a point or side in an argument or disputation’, (if there are two) ‘alternative’
* the complement of an arc to 90 degrees
* the perpendicular side of a right-angled triangle
* Medicago esculenta
* the highest number in the older system of numbers; a krore, ten million (10,000,000), or 100 lakhs (1,00,00,000) in the South Asian numeral system

#### Descendants

* Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀟𑀺 (koḍi)
** Pali: koṭi
*** → Khmer: កោដិ (kaot)
*** → Burmese: ကုဋေ (ku.te)
*** → Thai: โกฏิ (gòot)
** Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀟𑀺 (koḍi)
*** Central:
**** Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑁄𑀟𑀺 (koḍi):
***** Hindustani: karoṛ koṛī, kor, korī
****** Hindi: करोड़, कोड़ी, कोर, कोरी
****** Urdu: کروڑ, کوڑِی, کور, کورِی
******* → English: crore
*** Eastern:
**** > Odia: କୋଡ଼ିଏ (koṛie) (inherited)
*** Northern:
**** Khasa Prakrit:
***** Nepali: करोड (karoḍ)
*** Northwestern:
**** Paisaci Prakrit:
***** Vracada Apabhramsa:
****** Sindhi: koṛi
******* Devanagari script: कोड़ि
******* Arabic script: ڪوڙِ
*** Southern:
**** Helu Prakrit:
***** Dhivehi: ކޮޅު (koḷu), ކެޑެ (keḍe)
***** Sinhalese: කෙළ (keḷa)
**** Maharastri Prakrit:
***** Marathi: करोड (karoḍ)
*** Western:
**** Sauraseni Prakrit:
***** Gujarati: કરોડ (karoḍ)

##### Borrowed terms

* → Assamese: কোটি (kûti)
* → Bengali: কোটি (kōṭi)
* → Hindi: कोटि (koṭi)
* → Kannada: ಕೋಟಿ (kōṭi)
* → Malay: keti
** Indonesian: keti
** → Malagasy: hetsi
* → Malayalam: കോടി (kōṭi)
* → Odia: କୋଟି (kōṭi)
* → Punjabi: ਕੋਟੀ (koṭī)
* → Tagalog: kati
* → Tamil: கோடி (kōṭi)
** → Saurashtra: ꢒꣂꢞꢶ (kōḍi)
* → Telugu: కోటి (kōṭi)
* → Tocharian A: kor (learned)
* → Tocharian B: koṭ (learned)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “कोटि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 312/3.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 124
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 270
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “koti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 181