# kails
## English
### Noun

kails
* plural of kail

### Anagrams

* LASIK, Lasik, Liska, kalis, kilas, laiks, skail

## Latvian
### Etymology

From Proto-Baltic *kail-, from *koil-, the o-grade (plus an extra -l) of Proto-Indo-European *kei-, *skei- (“to cut, to divide, to separate”). For the meaning change, compare Ancient Greek δέρω (dérō, “to skin, to flay”), δέρμα (dérma, “skin”), then from “skin” to “bare, naked.” Cognates include Lithuanian káilis (“skin”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kaîls]
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

kails (definite kailais, comparative kailāks, superlative viskailākais, adverb kaili)
* naked, nude, bare (without clothes on)
    kails bērns ― naked child
    kailas kājas ― bare feet
    izģērbties kailam ― to strip naked
* bald (without hair)
    kails galvvidus ― bald crown (of head)
* (about trees, bushes, plants) without leaves, without further growth (branches, twigs, bark)
    lapu koki kļuvuši kaili ― the leaf trees have become bald, leafless
    tur tad cauri ūdenim redzēja pelēku, kailu stumbru ― then there through the water they saw a gray, naked trunk
* without plants, without plant life, vegetation; without trees or plants nearby
    saules staros izdegusi kaila zeme ― earth burned naked by sun rays
    kailas ēkas ― naked buildings (without green areas)
    kaili mūri ― naked walls
* (about winter) without, or with little, snow
    kaila ziema ― bald (i.e., snowless) winter
* (about rooms, spaces) naked (without or with little furniture; without comfort)
    kaila grīda ― naked floor (not covered)
    vakarā pa krēslu viņa skatījās kailās, netīras istabas ― in the evening, (sitting) on the chair, she looked at the naked, dirty rooms
* (about places, areas) undeveloped
    viņiem taču te būs jāsāk kailā vietā ― but they will have to start (their carrers) here, in this naked place
* bare (by itself, without anything in addition to it)
    mēs esam spiestas pārtikt no kailās cietuma devas ― we are forced to live on bare prison food
* bald (without justification or evidence; inconclusive)
    kails apgalvojums ― bald (= unfounded) assertion
* naked (without explanation, without illustrative material)
    kaili fakti, skaitļi ― naked facts, figures
* naked (thinly disguised, or undisguised; easy to see or read)
    kails egoisms ― naked selfishness
    kaila nabadzība ― naked poverty

#### Synonyms

* pliks

#### Derived terms

* kailums

### References

* ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “kails”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

## Old Prussian

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### Alternative forms

* kailes, kayles

### Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *káilas, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos.

### Adjective

kails
* healthy
* whole, intact

#### Derived terms

* kailūstiskun

### Interjection

kails
* hello; hi
* cheers (interjection for toasting)

#### Derived terms

* kails poskails ains par antres

### References

* ↑ Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988–1997) “kails”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological dictionary of Old Prussian]‎ (in Lithuanian), Vilnius, pages 71-73