# 湴

| 湴 | U+6E74, &#28276; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E74 |
| ← 湳 [U+6E73] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 湵 → [U+6E75] |

## Translingual
### Han character

湴 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水廿廿金 (ETTC), four-corner 3811$_7$, composition ⿰氵並)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 638, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17879
* Dae Jaweon: page 1045, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1686, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6E74

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 湴 | *breːms |
| 跰 | *preŋs, *beːn |
| 並 | *beːŋʔ |
| 竝 | *beːŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *breːms) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 並 (OC *beːŋʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bàn (ban$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baan$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bàn
*** Wade–Giles: pan$^4$
*** Yale: bàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bann
*** Palladius: бань (banʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baan$^6$
*** Yale: baahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ban$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /paːn²²/
* Middle Chinese: baemH
Rime :
| Character | 湴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 銜 (149) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 蒲鑑切 |
| Baxter | baemH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠam$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚam$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bam$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /baɨm$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /bam$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /bam$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /bʱam$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | baan$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*breːms/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 湴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 962 |
| Phonetic component | 並 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 埿 |
| Old Chinese | /*breːms/ |
| Notes | 同埿 |

### Definitions

湴
* (obsolete or Cantonese) mud; mire
** 1877, Ernest John Eitel, A Chinese Dictionary in the Cantonese Dialect, page 516:
    一身湴 [Cantonese] ― jat$^1$ san$^1$ baan$^6$ [Jyutping] ― covered with mud

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 稀泥 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 爛泥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 稀泥, 爛泥, 泥糊糊 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 稀泥, 薄泥, 爛泥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 爛泥巴 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 爛泥巴, 稀泥巴 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 爛泥 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 爛湴, 湴, 泥湴 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 爛泥 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 爛泥, 泥漿 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 爛泥 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 濫泥 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 濫膏糜 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 濫膏糜 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 泥糊糊 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 泥糊糊 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 爛泥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 爛泥 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 軟塗, 塗糜, 爛塗, 塗糜膏, 塗糜漿, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 塗糜 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 軟塗, 爛塗, 塗膏, 塗溝仔糜, 漤塗 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 漤塗, 塗溝糜仔, 塗糜, 爛溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 塗溝糜 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 漉糊仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 漉糊仔糜, 爛塗 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 爛糊仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 爛塗, 漉糊仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 漉糊糜仔, 爛塗糜 GT, 漉糊糜 GT |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 爛塗, 漉溝糜仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 塗糜漿 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 爛溝仔糜 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 塗糜 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 漤塗 |
| Wu | Danyang | 爛爛泥 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 淖泥污漿 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 爛污泥肝 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 爛泥巴 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 爛泥巴 |

### Compounds

* 泥湴
* 湴更
* 爛湴 / 烂湴
* 長湴 / 长湴 (Chángbàn)

### References

* “湴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–