OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# pull-down
## English
### Alternative forms

* pulldown

### Etymology

Deverbal from pull down.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

pull-down (countable and uncountable, plural pull-downs)
* (computing) A dynamic menu; a list of options in a computer application which appears below a heading when it is selected, and remains only as long as the user needs it.
    Coordinate terms: dropdown, drop-down
* (biology) A technique by which a protein is brought down in a test tube by another.
* (signal processing) The conversion of video footage to a higher frame rate by duplicating certain frames.
** 2013, David Mellor, Sound Person's Guide to Video, page 216:When a TV monitor is in shot, and the film is transferred to video through the normal 2:3 pulldown there will be a strobing effect where the film and video frame rates clash.
* (usually uncountable) Dodder (plant of genus Cuscuta).
* (juggling) A trick done with rings where each ring is pulled down over the head instead of being caught and held in the hand.
** 1994, Haggis McLeod, KNOW THE GAME - JUGGLING, →ISBN:Another classic trick with rings is the 'pull-down'. This can only be done with rings that fit easily over your head.
** 2004, Luke Holman, Hardest, most tech trick on the net, May 12 2004 via Google Groups
    For example, the 11 ring pulldown didn't stick in my head because I don't really juggle rings, and I have no conception of how hard it is.
* (exercise) An exercise mostly performed by pulling cables, a bar, or handles from a machine situated diagonally to the front top of the sportsman and targetting the rear muscles.

#### Derived terms

* lat pulldown
* pull-down resistor

#### See also

* pull-down assay
* retractable

### Adjective

pull-down (not comparable)
* That can be pulled down (lowered).
** 1964 July, Brian Haresnape, “XP64: New Standard Carriage Project”, in Modern Railways, page 4, photo caption:The new seating in the second-class open coach; note the newspaper racks and the pull-down tables on the seat-backs.
# held a light
## English
### Verb

held a light
* simple past and past participle of hold a light
# escudero
## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin scūtārius, from Latin scūtum (“shield”). By surface analysis, escudo +‎ -ero.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskuˈdeɾo/ [es.kuˈð̞e.ɾo]
* Rhymes: -eɾo
* Syllabification: es‧cu‧de‧ro

### Noun

escudero m (plural escuderos, feminine escudera, feminine plural escuderas)
* esquire, squire
* shield-bearer
* shield-maker
* nobleman

#### Derived terms

* escudería f

#### Related terms

* escudo

### Further reading

* “escudero”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# air limbah
## Indonesian
### Etymology

Compound of air (“water”) +‎ limbah (“waste”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Indonesian) IPA: /ˌair ˈlimbah/ [ˌa.ɪr ˈlim.bah]
* Syllabification: air lim‧bah

### Noun

air limbah
* wastewater
* sewage
    Synonyms: air got, air selokan

### Further reading

* “air limbah” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
# αρρωστομανίας
## Greek
### Noun

αρρωστομανίας • (arrostomanías) f
* genitive singular of αρρωστομανία (arrostomanía)
# clitlicker
## English
### Etymology

From clit +‎ licker.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

clitlicker (plural clitlickers)
* (idiomatic, slang, derogatory, vulgar) Someone who flatters others, especially women, in a manner that seems obsequious and submissive.
# wenecjanin
## Polish
### Etymology

From Wenecja +‎ -anin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vɛ.nɛˈt͡sja.ɲin/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɲin
* Syllabification: we‧ne‧cja‧nin

### Noun

wenecjanin m pers (female equivalent wenecjanka)
* Venetian

#### Related terms

* wenecki
* Wenecja

### Further reading

* wenecjanin in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* wenecjanin in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# непрощенний
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

From не- (ne-) +‎ прости́ти (prostýty) +‎ -е́нний (-énnyj).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [neprɔʃˈt͡ʃɛnːei̯]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Adjective

непроще́нний • (neproščénnyj) (adverb непроще́нно, abstract noun непроще́нність)
* unforgiven, unexcused, unpardoned, unremitted
    Synonyms: непро́щений (nepróščenyj), непроба́чений (neprobáčenyj), неви́бачений (nevýbačenyj)
* unforgivable, inexcusable, unpardonable, unremittable, unjustifiable
    Synonyms: непроба́чний (neprobáčnyj), невиба́чний (nevybáčnyj), непрости́мий (neprostýmyj)

#### Declension
### References

* Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “непрощенний”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
* A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “непрощенний”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
* “непрощенний”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “непрощенний”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “непрощенний”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# Migjen
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Migjen m
* a male given name

#### Declension
### References

* Dražić, Marina, Antić, Ivana, editors (2019), Каталог најчешћих албанских имена и презимена‎ (in Serbo-Croatian), page 39
# ǃ'hoangkiki
## Nǀuu
### Interjection

ǃ'hoangkiki
* Alternative form of ǃʻhoangkiki.
# eshká
## Hamer-Banna
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʔeʃká/, [ʔeʃká̤]

### Verb

eshká
* to show
* to point
    marlémbar ɔ́ra yin eshkáɓIn Arbore, they pointed at us.

### References

* Petrollino, Sara (2016) A Grammar of Hamar: A South Omotic language of Ethiopia‎, Leiden University, pages 120, 303
# bǫ́ðum
## Old Norse
### Etymology 1
#### Determiner

bǫ́ðum
* dative of báðir (“both”)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

bǫ́ðum
* first-person plural past indicative active of biðja
# θρήνους
## Greek
### Noun

θρήνους • (thrínous) m
* accusative plural of θρήνος (thrínos)
# 分野
## Chinese

* 分野 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Chinese constellations (English)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fēnyě
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄣ ㄧㄝˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fan$^1$ je$^5$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hun-iá
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fēnyě
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄣ ㄧㄝˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fenyě
*** Wade–Giles: fên$^1$-yeh$^3$
*** Yale: fēn-yě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenyee
*** Palladius: фэнье (fɛnʹje)
*** Sinological IPA : /fən⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fan$^1$ je$^5$
*** Yale: fān yéh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fan$^1$ je$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fen$^1$ yé$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɐn⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hun-iá
*** Tâi-lô: hun-iá
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hun'iar
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² ia⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hun³³ ia⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun⁴⁴⁻²² ia⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ ia⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun⁴⁴⁻³³ ia⁴¹/

### Noun

分野
* demarcation; borderline; dividing line
* (archaic, Chinese astronomy, astrology) division of the sky into zones (especially for astrological association with the lands of China)
    From: Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE
    Yínghuò, tiānfá yě; xīn, Sòng fēnyě, huò qiě dāng jūn. [Pinyin]
    Dazzling Deluder is Heaven’s executioner. Heart is the portion of the heavens that corresponds to Song. Some catastrophe awaits your lordship.

#### Synonyms

* (demarcation):
* 地界 (dìjiè)
* 界線 / 界线 (jièxiàn)
* 界限 (jièxiàn)
* 畛域 (zhěnyù) (literary)
* 痕敦 (Hokkien)
* (astrological division of the sky): 十二次 (shí'èrcì)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 分 | 野 |
| ぶん Grade: 2 | や Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

分(ぶん)野(や) • (bun'ya)
* field, sphere (of work), area (of study)
* the area of one person's focus of work or study

#### Synonyms

* 領域(りょういき) (ryōiki, “region”)
* 専門(せんもん) (senmon, “speciality”)
* 範囲(はんい) (han'i, “range”)

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 分 | 野 |

### Noun

分野 • (bunya) (hangeul 분야)
* hanja form of 분야
# dziennik
## Polish
### Etymology

From dzień +‎ -nik. Originally, a calque of Latin diārium, later senses are a semantic loan from French journal.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈd͡ʑɛn.ɲik/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɛnɲik
* Syllabification: dzien‧nik

### Noun

dziennik m inan (diminutive dzienniczek)
* journal
** daily
    Synonym: pamiętnik
    Hypernym: gazeta
** gazette
    dziennik urzędowy ― official gazette
** logbook
    dziennik okrętowy ― logbook
** diary
    Synonym: diariusz
* daily news

#### Derived terms

* dziennikarka
* dziennikarz

#### Related terms

* dzienny

### Further reading

* dziennik in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* dziennik in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# whitetip reef shark
## English
### Noun

whitetip reef shark (plural whitetip reef sharks)
* A small species of requiem shark, Triaenodon obesus.

#### Synonyms

* whitetip

#### Translations
### References

* whitetip reef shark on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Triaenodon obesus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
# had the law of
## English
### Verb

had the law of
* simple past and past participle of have the law of
# spopieleć
## Polish
### Etymology

From s- +‎ popieleć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /spɔˈpjɛ.lɛt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɛlɛt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: spo‧pie‧leć

### Verb

spopieleć pf (imperfective popieleć)
* (intransitive) to turn into ash; to become ashy

#### Derived terms

* spopielały

#### Related terms

* popielaty
* Popielec
* spopielenie
* spopielać
* spopielić

### Further reading

* spopieleć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# کجرا
## Urdu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /kəd͡ʒ.ɾɑː/
* Rhymes: -ɑː
* Hyphenation: کَجْ‧را

### Noun

کَجْرا • (kajrā) m (Hindi spelling कजरा)
* lampblack
* kohl
    Synonym: کاجَل (kājal)

#### Declension

Declension of کجرا :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | کَجْرا (kajrā) | کَجْرے (kajre) |
| oblique | کَجْرے (kajre) | کَجْروں (kajrõ) |
| vocative | کَجْرے (kajre) | کَجْرو (kajro) |

### Further reading

* Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “کجرا”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]
* S. W. Fallon (1879) “کجرا”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 896
* “کجرا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
* “کجرا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
# θρόμβου
## Greek
### Noun

θρόμβου • (thrómvou) m
* genitive singular of θρόμβος (thrómvos)
# পরামর্শদাতা
## Bengali
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit परामर्शदाता (parāmarśadātā). Cognate with Hindi परामर्शदाता (parāmarśadātā).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /pɔɾamɔɾʃɔd̪at̪a/, [ˈpɔɾamɔɾʃɔd̪at̪aˑ]
* (Dhaka) IPA: /pɔɹamɔɹʃɔd̪at̪a/, [ˈpɔɹamɔɹʃɔd̪at̪aˑ]

### Noun

পরামর্শদাতা • (poramorśodata)
* counsellor, adviser
    আমেরিকার অন্যতম প্রধান কাপল কাউন্সিলর বা যুগল পরামর্শদাতাAmerikar onnotom prodhan kapol kaunśilor ba jugol poramorśodataone of America's leading couples counsellors

#### Inflection
### References

* Biswas, Sailendra (2000) “পরামর্শ”, in Samsad Bengali-English dictionary, 3rd edition, Calcutta: Sahitya Samsad, →OCLC.
* Accessible Dictionary, পরামর্শদাতা Government of Bangladesh
# následnictví
## Czech
### Etymology

From následník (“successor”) +‎ -ctví.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnaːslɛdɲɪt͡stviː]
* Rhymes: -ɪtstviː
* Hyphenation: ná‧sled‧nic‧tví

### Noun

následnictví n
* succession, successorship
    Synonym: nástupnictví

#### Related terms

* následek
* následnický
* následník
* následovat

### Further reading

* “následnictví”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “následnictví”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “následnictví”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Bangbangar
## English
### Proper noun

Bangbangar
* A barangay of Bangued, Abra, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Agtangao, Angad, Bangbangar, Bañacao, Cabuloan, Calaba, Cosili East, Cosili West, Dangdangla, Lingtan, Lipcan, Lubong, Macarcarmay, Macray, Malita, Maoay, Palao, Patucannay, Sagap, San Antonio, Santa Rosa, Sao-atan, Sappaac, Tablac, Zone 1 Poblacion, Zone 2 Poblacion, Zone 3 Poblacion, Zone 4 Poblacion, Zone 5 Poblacion, Zone 6 Poblacion, Zone 7 Poblacion — barangays of Bangued
# Xhorxhian
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Xhorxhian m
* a male given name
# zvukům
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzvukuːm]

### Noun

zvukům
* dative plural of zvuk
# cetona
## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Keton, from Aketon (“acetone”), from French acétone (“acetone”), from Latin acētum (“vinegar”), from aceō (“to be sour”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /seˈtõ.nɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /seˈtõ.nɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /seˈto.na/
* (Portugal) IPA: /sɨˈto.nɐ/

### Noun

cetona f (plural cetonas)
* ketone (organic chemicals with the >CO functional group)

#### Related terms

* acetona

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Keton, from Aketon (“acetone”), from French acétone (“acetone”), from Latin acētum (“vinegar”), from aceō (“to be sour”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Spain) /θeˈtona/ [θeˈt̪o.na]
* IPA: (Latin America, Philippines) /seˈtona/ [seˈt̪o.na]
* Rhymes: -ona
* Syllabification: ce‧to‧na

### Noun

cetona f (plural cetonas)
* (chemistry) ketone

#### Related terms

* acetona
* cetosis

### Further reading

* “cetona”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
# cicik
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay cicik.

### Noun

cicik (archaic)
* Archaic form of jijik.

## Malay
### Alternative forms

* jijik
* جيجيق
* چيچيق

### Etymology

Variant of jijik, from Proto-Malayic *jiji-ʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *jiji-ʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *jiji-ʔ, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zizi-q, from *zizi.

### Pronunciation

* (Johor-Selangor) IPA: /t͡ʃit͡ʃeʔ/
* (Riau-Lingga) IPA: /t͡ʃit͡ʃɪʔ/
* Rhymes: -it͡ʃeʔ, -t͡ʃeʔ, -eʔ

### Adjective

cicik (Jawi spelling چيچيق)
* Alternative form of jijik

#### Synonyms

* jejap / ججڤ
* ladah / لاده

## Southern Ohlone
### Noun

cicik
* squirrel

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *čičig. Cognate with Chuvash чĕчĕ (čĕčĕ).

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: ci‧cik

### Noun

cicik (definite accusative ciciği, plural cicikler)
* breast
    Synonym: meme
* nipple

#### Declension
### References

* “cicik”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# θρόμβο
## Greek
### Noun

θρόμβο • (thrómvo) m
* accusative singular of θρόμβος (thrómvos)
# afte
## Dutch
### Etymology

Ultimately from Ancient Greek ἄφθα (áphtha). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɑf.tə/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: af‧te

### Noun

afte f (plural aften, diminutive aftje n)
* Alternative form of aft

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaf.te/
* Rhymes: -afte
* Hyphenation: àf‧te

### Noun

afte f
* plural of afta

### Anagrams

* fate

## Old Frisian
### Alternative forms

* ēfte

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *aiwahaft. Akin to Old Saxon ēhaft, Middle Low German ēhaft.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaːfte/

### Adjective

āfte
* lawful

#### References

* Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
# obklopit
## Czech
### Etymology

From ob- +‎ klopit.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈopklopɪt]

### Verb

obklopit pf (imperfective obklopovat)
* to surround (to encircle or simultaneously extend on all sides of something)

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | obklopit, obklopiti | Active adjective | obklopivší |
| Verbal noun | obklopení | Passive adjective | obklopený |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | obklopím | obklopíme | — | obklopme |
| 2nd person | obklopíš | obklopíte | obklop | obklopte |
| 3rd person | obklopí | obklopí | — | — |
* The verb obklopit does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | obklopil | obklopili | obklopen | obklopeni |
| masculine inanimate | obklopil | obklopily | obklopen | obklopeny |
| feminine | obklopila | obklopily | obklopena | obklopeny |
| neuter | obklopilo | obklopila | obklopeno | obklopena |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | — | obklopiv |
| feminine + neuter singular | — | obklopivši |
| plural | — | obklopivše |

#### Derived terms

* obklopen
* obklopený m

### Further reading

* “obklopiti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “obklopiti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “obklopit”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Sao-atan
## English
### Proper noun

Sao-atan
* A barangay of Bangued, Abra, Philippines.
    Coordinate terms: Agtangao, Angad, Bangbangar, Bañacao, Cabuloan, Calaba, Cosili East, Cosili West, Dangdangla, Lingtan, Lipcan, Lubong, Macarcarmay, Macray, Malita, Maoay, Palao, Patucannay, Sagap, San Antonio, Santa Rosa, Sao-atan, Sappaac, Tablac, Zone 1 Poblacion, Zone 2 Poblacion, Zone 3 Poblacion, Zone 4 Poblacion, Zone 5 Poblacion, Zone 6 Poblacion, Zone 7 Poblacion — barangays of Bangued
# Sefedin
## Albanian
### Proper noun

Sefedin m
* a male given name

#### Declension
### References

* Dražić, Marina, Antić, Ivana, editors (2019), Каталог најчешћих албанских имена и презимена‎ (in Serbo-Croatian), page 50
# turning to good account
## English
### Verb

turning to good account
* present participle and gerund of turn to good account
# narzekanie
## Polish
### Etymology

From narzekać +‎ -anie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /na.ʐɛˈka.ɲɛ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -aɲɛ
* Syllabification: na‧rze‧ka‧nie

### Noun

narzekanie n
* (uncountable) verbal noun of narzekać
* (countable) complaint
    Mam dosyć jego ciągłych narzekań. ― I've had enough of his constant complaints.

#### Related terms

* narzekać impf

### Further reading

* narzekanie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* narzekanie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# θυγατέρας
## Greek
### Noun

θυγατέρας • (thygatéras) f
* genitive singular of θυγατέρα (thygatéra)
# Mutti
## English
### Etymology

(surname): Of several origins:
* Borrowed from Italian Mutti, perhaps a variant of the surname Muti.
* Borrowed from Punjabi ਮੁੱਤੀ (muttī), a typical surname of the Kamboh community.
* Borrowed from Bemba Mutti, Muti, from given names, from the Bemba people

### Proper noun

Mutti (plural Muttis)
* A surname.
** A European surname from Italian.
** A South Asian surname from Punjabi.
** A Southern African surname from Bemba.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Mutti is the 60347th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 334 individuals. Mutti is most common among White (71.86%) and Asian/Pacific Islander (17.37%) individuals.

### See also

* Muti

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Mutti”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 640.

## German
### Etymology

Derived from Mutter (“mother”) +‎ -i.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmʊti/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Mutti f (genitive Muttis or (only with an article) Mutti, plural Muttis)
* mom, mummy

#### Usage notes

* The word is commonly used with a definite article in most parts of central Germany, southern Germany, and Austria: Wo ist die Mutti? – “Where is Mum?” In northern Germany—and generally in writing—no article tends to be used: Wo ist Mutti?
* The genitive Muttis is used before the modified term, without any article or determiner: Muttis Tasche – “Mum’s bag”. This is chiefly northern German usage; the rest of the language prefers: die Tasche von der Mutti (as above). — With an accompanying article or determiner, the genitive takes no ending: die Tasche meiner Mutti – “my mum’s bag”. This, however, is not common usage in any region; children will say instead: die Tasche von meiner Mutti.

#### Declension

$^1$Only with an article.

#### Derived terms

* Eislaufmutti

### Proper noun

Mutti f (proper noun, genitive Muttis or (only with an article) Mutti)
* a nickname for Angela Merkel
    Synonyms: Mama, Angie

#### Declension

$^1$Only with an article.

### Further reading

* “Mutti” in Duden online

## Italian
### Etymology

Perhaps a variant of Muti.

### Proper noun

Mutti m or f by sense
* a surname

#### Descendants

* → English: Mutti

### See also

* Muti
# literować
## Polish
### Etymology

From litera +‎ -ować.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /li.tɛˈrɔ.vat͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: li‧te‧ro‧wać

### Verb

literować impf (perfective przeliterować)
* (transitive) to spell a word slowly and out loud
    Synonym: przeliterowywać

#### Related terms

* aliteracki
* literacki
* literalny
* literniczy
* literacko
* literalnie
* antyliteratura
* litera
* literacina
* literat
* literatka
* literatura
* literka
* liternictwo
* liternik
* literowiec
* literówka

### Further reading

* literować in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* literować in Polish dictionaries at PWN