# अश्रु
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अश्रु (áśru), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háśru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱru-, from compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“eye bitter”) (compare *dáḱru-). Cognate with Greek δάκρυ (dákry), Lithuanian ašara, Latvian asara, English tear.
Doublet of आँसू (ā̃sū), a tadbhava.

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /əʃ.ɾuː/, [ɐʃ.ɾuː]

### Noun

अश्रु • (aśru) m (Urdu spelling اشر)
* (poetic, uncommon) tear

#### Related terms

* आँसू (ā̃sū)

## Marathi
### Etymology

From Sanskrit अश्रु (áśru). Doublet of आसू (āsū).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /əɕ.ɾu/, [əɕ.ɾuː]

### Noun

अश्रु • (aśru) m
* Alternative form of अश्रू (aśrū)

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* অশ্ৰু (Assamese script)
* ᬅᬰ᭄ᬭᬸ (Balinese script)
* অশ্রু (Bengali script)
* 𑰀𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀅𑀰𑁆𑀭𑀼 (Brahmi script)
* အၐြု (Burmese script)
* અશ્રુ (Gujarati script)
* ਅਸ਼੍ਰੁ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌅𑌶𑍍𑌰𑍁 (Grantha script)
* ꦄꦯꦿꦸ (Javanese script)
* 𑂃𑂬𑂹𑂩𑂳 (Kaithi script)
* ಅಶ್ರು (Kannada script)
* អឝ្រុ (Khmer script)
* ອຨ຺ຣຸ (Lao script)
* അശ്രു (Malayalam script)
* ᠠᡧᡵᡠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘀𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘳 (Modi script)
* ᠠᠱᠷᠤ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦠𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐀𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐸 (Newa script)
* ଅଶ୍ରୁ (Odia script)
* ꢂꢯ꣄ꢬꢸ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆃𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆶 (Sharada script)
* 𑖀𑖫𑖿𑖨𑖲 (Siddham script)
* අශ්‍රු (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩐𑩿 𑪙𑩼𑩒 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚀𑚧𑚶𑚤𑚰 (Takri script)
* அஶ்ரு (Tamil script)
* అశ్రు (Telugu script)
* อศฺรุ (Thai script)
* ཨ་ཤྲུ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒁𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨀𑨮𑩇𑨫𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háśru, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćru, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱru, from compound *dr̥ḱ-h₂eḱru- (“eye bitter”) (compare *dáḱru-). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬭𐬏- (asrū-), 𐬀𐬯𐬭𐬏𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬥 (asrūazan), Lithuanian ãšara, Ancient Greek δάκρυ (dákru), Hittite 𒅖𒄩𒀪𒊒 (isḫaḫru), Tocharian A ākär, Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌲𐍂 (tagr), Old Armenian արտաւսր (artawsr), Latin lacrima, and Old English tēar (whence English tear).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɐ́ɕ.ɾu/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɐɕ.ɾu/

### Noun

अश्रु॑ • (áśru) stem, n
* tear
    with मुच् (muc), कृ (kṛ) or वृत् (vṛt) — to shed tears, weep
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.95.12b:क॒दा सू॒नुः पि॒तरं॑ जा॒त इ॑च्छाच्च॒क्रन्नाश्रु॑ वर्तयद्विजा॒नन । को दम्प॑ती॒ सम॑नसा॒ वि यू॑यो॒दध॒ यद॒ग्निः श्वशु॑रेषु॒ दीद॑यत् ॥kadā́ sūnúḥ pitáraṃ jātá icchāccakránnā́śru vartayadvijānáná. kó dámpatī sámanasā ví yūyodádha yádagníḥ śváśureṣu dī́dayat.When will the son be born and seek his father? Mourner-like, will he weep when first he knows him? Who shall divide the accordant wife and husband, while fire is shining with thy consort's parents?

#### Descendants

* Prakrit: 𑀅𑀁𑀲𑀼 (aṃsu), 𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀼 (assu) — Śaurasenī (see there for further descendants)
* Pali: assu
** → Khmer: អស្សុ (ʼahsoʼ)

##### Borrowed terms

* → Bengali: অশ্রু (osru)
* → Gujarati: અશ્રુ (aśru)
* → Hindi: अश्रु (aśru)
* → Kannada: ಅಶ್ರು (aśru)
* → Malayalam: അശ്രു (aśru)
* → Marathi: अश्रू (aśrū)
* ⇒ Telugu: అశ్రువు (aśruvu)

### References

* “अश्रु” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 51.
* Monier Williams (1899) “अश्रु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0114.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “अश्रु”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 033
* Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 089