# 迎春
## Chinese

* 迎春

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yíngchūn
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ ㄔㄨㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jing$^4$ ceon$^1$
* Puxian Min (Putian, Pouseng Ping'ing): ngia$^2$ cong$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gêng-chhun
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yíngchūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ ㄔㄨㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yíngchun
*** Wade–Giles: ying$^2$-chʻun$^1$
*** Yale: yíng-chwūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yngchuen
*** Palladius: инчунь (inčunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jing$^4$ ceon$^1$
*** Yale: yìhng chēun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jing$^4$ tsoen$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ying$^4$ cên$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ngia$^2$ cong$^1$ [Phonetic: ngia$^5$ long$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋia¹³⁻²¹ $^{(t͡sʰ-)}$lɔŋ⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêng-chhun
*** Tâi-lô: gîng-tshun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gengzhwn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Teochew ”

### Verb

迎春
* to welcome the spring
* to welcome the new year

#### Derived terms

* 迎春樂 / 迎春乐
* 迎春花 (yíngchūnhuā)
* 迎春黃胖 / 迎春黄胖

### Noun

迎春
* (historical) a kind of ancient sacrificial rites
* (～花) Jasminum nudiflorum (winter jasmine)

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “迎春”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 405.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 迎 | 春 |
| げい Grade: S | しゅん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) げーしゅん [gèéshúń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɡe̞ːɕɨ̃ɴ]

### Noun

迎(げい)春(しゅん) • (geishun)
* greeting the New Year / spring

#### Derived terms

* 迎春花(げいしゅんか) (geishunka)

### Verb

迎(げい)春(しゅん)する • (geishun suru) suru (stem 迎(げい)春(しゅん)し (geishun shi), past 迎(げい)春(しゅん)した (geishun shita))
* to greet the New Year / spring

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 迎春し | げいしゅんし | geishun shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 迎春し | げいしゅんし | geishun shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 迎春する | げいしゅんする | geishun suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 迎春する | げいしゅんする | geishun suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 迎春すれ | げいしゅんすれ | geishun sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 迎春せよ¹ 迎春しろ² | げいしゅんせよ¹ げいしゅんしろ² | geishun seyo¹ geishun shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 迎春される | げいしゅんされる | geishun sareru |
| Causative | 迎春させる 迎春さす | げいしゅんさせる げいしゅんさす | geishun saseru geishun sasu |
| Potential | 迎春できる | げいしゅんできる | geishun dekiru |
| Volitional | 迎春しよう | げいしゅんしよう | geishun shiyō |
| Negative | 迎春しない | げいしゅんしない | geishun shinai |
| Negative continuative | 迎春せず | げいしゅんせず | geishun sezu |
| Formal | 迎春します | げいしゅんします | geishun shimasu |
| Perfective | 迎春した | げいしゅんした | geishun shita |
| Conjunctive | 迎春して | げいしゅんして | geishun shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 迎春すれば | げいしゅんすれば | geishun sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ “迎春”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 迎 | 春 |

### Noun

迎春 • (yeongchun) (hangeul 영춘)
* hanja form of 영춘