# bast
## English
### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /bɑːst/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* (General American) IPA: /bæst/
* Rhymes: -ɑːst, -æst

### Etymology 1

From Middle English bast, from Old English bæst (“bast, inner bark of trees from which ropes were made”), from Proto-West Germanic *bast, from Proto-Germanic *bastaz (“bast, rope”) (compare the Swedish bast, Dutch bast, German Bast), perhaps an alteration of Proto-Indo-European *bʰask-, *bʰasḱ- (“bundle”) (compare Middle Irish basc (“necklace”), Latin fascis (“bundle”), Albanian bashkë (“tied, linked”)).

#### Alternative forms

* bass

#### Noun

bast (countable and uncountable, plural basts)
* Fibre made from the phloem of certain plants and used for matting and cord.
** 1912, John Galsworthy, Quality:[T]here would be seen his face, or that of his elder brother, peering down. A guttural sound, and the tip-tap of bast slippers beating the narrow wooden stairs, and he would stand before one without coat, a little bent, in leather apron, with sleeves turned back, blinking […]
** 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIX, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:At the far end of the houses the head gardener stood waiting for his mistress, and he gave her strips of bass to tie up her nosegay. This she did slowly and laboriously, with knuckly old fingers that shook.
** 1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 87
    I thought I saw Him in the Long Walk there, by the bed of Nelly Roche, tending a fallen flower with a wisp of bast.
** 1997, ‘Egil's Saga’, translated by Bernard Scudder, The Sagas of Icelanders, Penguin, published 2001, page 145:He had taken along a long bast rope in his sleigh, since it was the custom on longer journeys to have a spare rope in case the reins needed mending.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English bast, from a back-formation of Middle English bastard.

#### Noun

bast (uncountable)
* (obsolete) Bastardy, illegitimacy of birth.

#### Adjective

bast (not comparable)
* (obsolete) Illegitimate, born out of wedlock.

### Anagrams

* ABTs, ATBs, ATSB, BTAS, Bats, SATB, STAB, TBAs, TBSA, Tabs, bats, stab, tabs

## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈbast]

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from bastar.

#### Adjective

bast (feminine basta, masculine plural basts or bastos, feminine plural bastes)
* (archaic) supplied, furnished, provided
    Synonyms: abastat, proveït
* rough, crude
    Synonym: groller

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *bastum.

#### Noun

bast m (plural basts or bastos)
* packsaddle

##### Derived terms

* embastar

### Further reading

* “bast” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Danish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bast/, [b̥asd̥]

### Noun

bast c (singular definite basten, not used in plural form)
* bast
* raffia

#### Inflection
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bɑst/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: bast
* Rhymes: -ɑst

### Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch bast, from Old Dutch *bast, from Proto-West Germanic *bast, from Proto-Germanic *bastaz.

#### Noun

bast m (plural basten, diminutive bastje n)
* inner bark
* (zoology) velvet
* (figuratively) skin, hide
    Hij liep in zijn blote bast rond.He walked around bare-chested.

##### Derived terms

* boombast

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

bast
* inflection of bassen:
** second/third-person singular present indicative
** (archaic) plural imperative

### References

* M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

### Anagrams

* bats

## Faroese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /past/

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse bast (“bast, inner bark of trees from which ropes were made”), from Proto-Germanic *bastaz (“bast, rope”), perhaps an alteration of Proto-Indo-European *bʰask-, *bʰasḱ- (“bundle”).

#### Noun

bast n (genitive singular basts, uncountable)
* bast, raffia
* rope made of bast

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

bast
* supine of basa

## Middle English
### Etymology 1

From Old English bæst, from Proto-West Germanic *bast, from Proto-Germanic *bastaz.

#### Alternative forms

* baste

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bast/

#### Noun

bast (plural bastes)
* A cord or cable manufactured using bast.
* (rare) Bast; fibre made from the phloem of plants.

##### Descendants

* English: bast, bass
* Scots: bass

#### References

* “bast, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-03-03.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old French bast (French bât), probably a back-formation from bastard.

#### Alternative forms

* baste, baaste

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /baːst/

#### Noun

bast (uncountable)
* Illegitimacy; the state of being illegitimate.

##### Derived terms

* bastard

#### References

* “bāst, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-03-03.

## North Frisian
### Verb

bast
* second-person singular present of weese

## Swedish
### Etymology 1

From Old Swedish bast, from Old Norse bast, from Proto-Germanic *bastaz. Cognate with English bast and German Bast.

#### Noun

bast n
* bast (fibre material)

##### Related terms

* bastfiber
* basthud
* bastkjol
* bastkorg
* bastmatta
* lindbast

### Etymology 2

Via Månsing cant borrowed from Tavringer Romani bassj, bassjt, derived from Romani berś. Cognate to Sanskrit वर्ष (varṣa, “year”).

#### Noun

bast n
* (colloquial) years old
    fylla sjuttio bastturn seventy years old
    Mina ungar är fem respektive tre bastMy kids are five and three years old, respectively
** 2023 November 10, 27:27 from the start, in Svenska nyheter:Jag stod och snorta ladd på en rast / Jag var 11 bastI was standing and snorting coke during recess / I was 11 years old

##### Usage notes

Often when emphasizing an old or (ironically) young age, in a given context.

### References

* bast in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* bast in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* bast in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
* Gerd Carling (2005) “bast”, in Romani i svenskan: Storstadsslang och standardspråk, Stockholm: Carlsson, →ISBN, page 73
* Arthur Thesleff (1912) Stockholms forbrytarspråk och lägre slang 1910–1912‎, page 19

### Anagrams

* stab