# 燄

| 燄 | U+71C4, &#29124; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-71C4 |
| ← 燃 [U+71C3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 燅 → [U+71C5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

燄 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 弓難火火 (NXFF), four-corner 2978$_9$, composition ⿰臽炎)
* flame
* blazing, brilliant

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 682, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19395
* Dae Jaweon: page 1094, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2235, character 10
* Unihan data for U+71C4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 燄 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 萏 | *l'oːmʔ |
| 窞 | *l'oːmʔ |
| 惂 | *kʰloːmʔ |
| 輡 | *kʰloːmʔ |
| 錎 | *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms |
| 埳 | *kʰloːmʔ |
| 臽 | *kʰloːmʔ, *ɡroːms |
| 淊 | *ɡloːmʔ, *qroːm, *qroːms, *lomʔ |
| 欿 | *ɡloːmʔ |
| 蜭 | *ɡloːmʔ, *ɡluːms |
| 啗 | *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms |
| 鵮 | *ʔr'oːm, *kʰroːm, *kʰroːms |
| 餡 | *ɡroːms |
| 陷 | *ɡroːms |
| 爓 | *ljom, *loms |
| 諂 | *l̥ʰomʔ |
| 讇 | *l̥ʰomʔ |
| 閻 | *lom |
| 焰 | *loms |
| 壛 | *lom |
| 櫩 | *lom |
| 燄 | *lomʔ |
| 掐 | *kʰroːb |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yàn (yan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jim$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
*** Wade–Giles: yen$^4$
*** Yale: yàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
*** Palladius: янь (janʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jim$^6$
*** Yale: yihm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jim$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yim$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːm²²/
* Middle Chinese: yemX
Rime :
| Character | 燄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 鹽 (153) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 以冉切 |
| Baxter | yemX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiᴇm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɛm$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jæm$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jiam$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /iɛm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭɛm$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯ɛm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jim$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*lomʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 燄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13570 |
| Phonetic component | 臽 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 琰 |
| Old Chinese | /*lomʔ/ |

### Definitions

燄
* Alternative form of 焰 (yàn, “flame”)

### Compounds

* 光燄／光焰
* 凶燄 (xiōngyàn)
* 氣燄／气焰 (qìyàn)
* 氣燄高張／气焰高张
* 火燄／火焰 (huǒyàn)
* 烈燄／烈焰 (lièyàn)
* 煙燄障天／烟焰障天
* 燄燄／焰焰

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: えん (en)
* Kan-on: えん (en)
* Kun: ほのお (honoo, 燄)

### Etymology

For pronunciation and definitions of 燄 – see the following entry. :
| 【炎ほのお】S | [noun] a flame [noun] (figuratively) an intense emotion, passion Alternative spellings 焔, 焰 |
| 【炎ほむら】S | [noun] a flame [noun] (figuratively) an intense emotion, passion Alternative spellings 焔, 焰 |
| 【炎えん】S | [affix] flame, blaze [affix] (figurative) passion, emotion Alternative spellings 焔, 焰 |
(This term, 燄, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.) :

## Vietnamese
### Han character

燄: Hán Nôm readings: diễm, diệm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.