# 潭

| 潭 | U+6F6D, &#28525; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F6D |
| ← 潬 [U+6F6C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 潮 → [U+6F6E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

潭 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水一田十 (EMWJ), four-corner 3114$_6$, composition ⿰氵覃)

#### Derived characters

* 𫾘, 藫, 𮆨, 䨵

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 650, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18271
* Dae Jaweon: page 1060, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1738, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6F6D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 潭 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 鷣 | *luː, *lɯm |
| 撢 | *l̥ʰɯːm, *l'ɯːms, *lɯm, *ʔl'aːnʔ |
| 憛 | *l̥ʰɯːms |
| 潭 | *l'ɯːm, *lɯmʔ |
| 譚 | *l'ɯːm, *l'ɯːmʔ |
| 覃 | *l'ɯːm |
| 鐔 | *l'ɯːm, *ljɯm, *lɯm |
| 藫 | *l'ɯːm |
| 橝 | *l'ɯːm, *l'ɯːmʔ |
| 蟫 | *l'ɯːm, *lɯm |
| 燂 | *l'ɯːm, *zlom, *ljum |
| 醰 | *l'ɯːm, *l'ɯːmʔ, *l'ɯːms |
| 禫 | *l'ɯːmʔ |
| 嘾 | *l'ɯːmʔ |
| 贉 | *l'ɯːmʔ, *l'ɯːms |
| 瞫 | *l'ɯːms, *hljɯmʔ |
| 蕈 | *zlɯmʔ |
| 鱏 | *ljɯm, *lɯm |
| 簟 | *l'ɯːmʔ |
| 驔 | *l'ɯːmʔ |
| 磹 | *l'ɯːms |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'ɯːm, *lɯmʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 覃 (OC *l'ɯːm).

### Etymology

A late Old Chinese southern word attested in Chuci. Probably a foreign loan; compare Proto-Kam-Sui *tʰlam¹ (“well; pond; pool”) (Thurgood, 1988). 塘 (OC *l'aːŋ, “embankment; pond”) is perhaps a variant of this word (Schuessler, 2007).
Alternatively, possibly related to 深 (OC *hljum, *hljums, “deep”). Burmese ထုံး (htum:, “large; pool”) differs in initial and vowel.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): tán (tan$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tan$^2$
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): taam$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ham$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): thàm
    (Hailu, HRS): tam
    (Meixian, Guangdong): tam$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): tàng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): thâm
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tam$^5$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dan$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tán
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tán
*** Wade–Giles: tʻan$^2$
*** Yale: tán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
*** Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰän³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: tan$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tan
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰan²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taam$^4$
*** Yale: tàahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taam$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tam$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːm²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ham$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ham²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thàm
*** Hakka Romanization System: tam$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰam¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: tam
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰam⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: tam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰam¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tàng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thâm
*** Tâi-lô: thâm
*** Phofsit Daibuun: taam
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰam²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰam²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰam¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰam²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰam²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tam$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thâm
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰam⁵⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: dan$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /tan¹³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit潭 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /tʰan³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /tʰan²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /tʰan⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /tʰã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /tʰã⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /tʰan⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /tʰã²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /tʰã²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /tʰan⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /tʰɛ̃n⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /tʰan⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /tʰan²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /tʰan³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /tʰan²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /tʰʰã̠³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /tʰaŋ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /tʰæ̃⁵⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /tʰæ̃¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /tʰɑŋ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /tʰæ̃³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /de²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /dø¹³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /dẽ̞²¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /dø³¹/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /tʰɛ⁴⁴/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /tuːə⁴⁴/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /tan¹³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /dan¹²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /tʰan²⁴/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /tʰam¹¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /tɑm¹¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tʰam²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /tʰam²¹/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /tʰam²¹/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tʰam³⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰaŋ⁵³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tʰaiŋ³³/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /tʰam⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /ham³¹/ |
* Middle Chinese: dom
Rime :
| Character | 潭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒含切 |
| Baxter | dom |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dʌm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dəm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɒm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dəm/ |
| Li Rong | /dᴀm/ |
| Wang Li | /dɒm/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱăm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[l]ˤ[ə]m/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯːm/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 潭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dom › |
| Old Chinese | /*[l]ˁ[ə]m/ |
| English | deep, pond |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 潭 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 12318 |
| Phonetic component | 覃 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 覃 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'ɯːm/ |

#### Definitions

潭
* deep pool; lake
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Cháng lài tuānliú, sù jiāng tán xī. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: 8th century, Li Bai, 贈汪倫
    Táohuā Tán shuǐ shēn qiān chǐ, bùjí Wāng Lún sòng wǒ qíng. [Pinyin]
    The Peach-Blossom Pool's water – one-thousand-chi deep – can't match the feelings of Wang Lun, who saw me off.
* (dialectal) pit
* (literary) deep; profound
* (～州) (history) Tan Prefecture (an a prefecture of ancient China centering on modern-day Changsha, Hunan that existed intermittently between 589 and 1372)
* (Can we verify this sense?) (～水) Liu River
    From: Li Daoyuan, Commentary on the Water Classic, 386-534 CE
    Tán shuǐ zhù zhī, shuǐ chū Wǔlíng jùn Tánchéng xiàn Yùshān, dōng liú jìng Yùlín jùn Tánzhōng xiàn. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* a surname

##### Synonyms

* (pit): 坑 (kēng)

#### Compounds

* 一潭死水 (yītánsǐshuǐ)
* 三伏潭 (Sānfútán)
* 三潭 (Sāntán)
* 劍潭 / 剑潭
* 周潭 (Zhōután)
* 大潭 (Dàtán)
* 小潭 (Xiǎotán)
* 平潭 (Píngtán)
* 日月潭 (Rìyuètán)
* 梅雨潭 (Méiyǔtán)
* 湘潭 (Xiāngtán)
* 潭城 (Tánchéng)
* 潭奧 / 潭奥
* 潭府
* 潭柘
* 潭沲
* 潭沱
* 潭潭
* 潭瀹
* 潭祉叶吉
* 潭第
* 潭腿
* 澴潭 (Huántán)
* 灣潭 / 湾潭 (Wāntán)
* 獅潭 / 狮潭 (Shītán)
* 百花潭
* 碧潭
* 磺潭 (Huángtán)
* 米潭溪 (Mǐtánxī)
* 虎穴龍潭 / 虎穴龙潭
* 虎窟龍潭 / 虎窟龙潭
* 鈷鉧潭 / 钴𬭁潭
* 長潭河 / 长潭河 (Chángtánhé)
* 黃家潭 / 黄家潭 (Huángjiātán)
* 龍潭 / 龙潭 (lóngtán)
* 龍潭畈 / 龙潭畈 (Lóngtánfàn)
* 龍潭虎穴 / 龙潭虎穴
* 龍潭虎窟 / 龙潭虎窟
* 龍潭鄉 / 龙潭乡

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǐn (yin$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄣˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǐn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǐn
*** Wade–Giles: yin$^3$
*** Yale: yǐn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiin
*** Palladius: инь (inʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /in²¹⁴/
* Middle Chinese: yimX
Rime :
| Character | 潭 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 以荏切 |
| Baxter | yimX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiɪm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jim$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jem$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jim$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /iəm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭĕm$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /i̯əm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǐn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jam$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*lɯmʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 潭 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 12346 |
| Phonetic component | 覃 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 潭 |
| Old Chinese | /*lɯmʔ/ |

#### Definitions

潭
* Only used in 潭濼／潭泺.

### Pronunciation 3

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xún (xun$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xún
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syún
*** Wade–Giles: hsün$^2$
*** Yale: syún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyun
*** Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕyn³⁵/

#### Definitions

潭
* (alt. form 潯／浔) waterside

### Pronunciation 4

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàn (dan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄢˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàn
*** Wade–Giles: tan$^4$
*** Yale: dàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
*** Palladius: дань (danʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tän⁵¹/

#### Definitions

潭
* sound of hitting water

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: どん (don)
* Kan-on: たん (tan)
* Kun: ふかい (fukai, 潭い)、ふち (fuchi, 潭)

## Korean
### Hanja

潭 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

潭: Hán Nôm readings: đàm
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Zhuang
### Noun

潭
* Sawndip form of daemz