# 煞

| 煞 | U+715E, &#29022; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-715E |
| ← 煝 [U+715D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 煟 → [U+715F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

煞 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 弓大火 (NKF), four-corner 2833$_4$, composition ⿱⿰刍攵灬)

#### Derived characters

* 𠿼, 𢅑, 𢢴, 𢶞, 㬠, 𣛶, 𤐑, 𥋧, 繺, 𰳠, 𨭝, 𢎓, 𢨓

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 677, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19210
* Dae Jaweon: page 1088, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2221, character 4
* Unihan data for U+715E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 閷 | *sreːdss |
| 鎩 | *sreːds, *srads, *sreːd |
| 殺 | *sreːds, *sreːd |
| 蔱 | *srads, *sreːd |
| 摋 | *slaːd |
| 煞 | *sreːd |
| 榝 | *sreːd, *sred |
| 刹 | *sʰraːd |

### Etymology 1

From 殺／杀 (shā).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shā (sha$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saat$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sat / so̍t
* Eastern Min (BUC): sák
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): soah / sah / sòa / sat
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$saq / $^7$saeq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shā
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sha
*** Wade–Giles: sha$^1$
*** Yale: shā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sha
*** Palladius: ша (ša)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saat$^3$
*** Yale: saat
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saat$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sad$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːt̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sat / so̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: sad$^ˋ$ / sod
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sad$^5$ / sod$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sat̚²/, /sot̚⁵/
* so̍t - “to end; to finish”.
* Middle Chinese: sreat
Rime :
| Character | 煞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 鎋 (75) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 所八切 |
| Baxter | sreat |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠɛt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚæt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃæt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂəɨt̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɛt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃæt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂat̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sha |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saat$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sreːd/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 煞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11011 |
| Phonetic component | 杀 |
| Rime group | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 殺 |
| Old Chinese | /*sreːd/ |
| Notes | 俗殺字，殺隸變，從左下變三點書訛來， 見鶡冠子 |

#### Definitions

煞
* Alternative form of 殺 / 杀 (“to kill”)
* to stop; to halt
    煞車／煞车 ― shāchē ― to hit the break
* to weaken; to reduce
    煞風景／煞风景 ― shāfēngjǐng ― to damage the beautiful scenery
* to tighten
* (Northern Wu) to satisfy; to quench (esp. a desire)
    煞念頭／煞念头 [Shanghainese] ― $^7$saq $^6$gni-deu [Wugniu] ― to satisfy a craving
* to end; to conclude; to terminate; to finish
    煞尾 ― shāwěi ― to finish off
* Used as a hyperbolical intensifying complement.
       $^2$vaon-ke$_1$-li$_6$ $^8$gniq-saeq$_7$-tse$_0$ [Wugniu]
       The room is so hot!
       $^6$ngu $^1$tsen $^6$zy $^7$ciq-saq$_7$-leq$_8$ [Wugniu]
       I'm seriously in a rush!
    From: 1907, last written words of 秋瑾 Qiu Jin before her beheading
    qiū fēng qiū yǔ chóu shā rén [Pinyin]
    Autumn wind, autumn rain – they make one die of sorrow.
* (Hokkien) to stop and give up; to abandon; to leave it be; to leave it at that
* (Hokkien) to prevent; to restrain; to suppress; to hold back
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to be wounded by evil spirits

#### Synonyms

* (to stop):
* 中斷 / 中断 (zhōngduàn)
* 中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
* 休止 (xiūzhǐ)
* 停 (tíng)
* 停歇 (tíngxiē)
* 停止 (tíngzhǐ)
* 夭閼 / 夭阏 (yǎo'è)
* 干休 (gānxiū) (literary)
* 放煞 (Min Nan)
* 斷站 / 断站 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 斷節 / 断节 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 暫停 / 暂停 (zàntíng) (temporarily)
* 歇 (xiē)
* 止 (zhǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
* 止息 (zhǐxī)
* 止煞 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 瀦 / 潴 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 煞手 (Hokkien)
* 甘休 (gānxiū) (to be willing to give up)
* 終止 / 终止 (zhōngzhǐ)
* 絕 / 绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
* 罷 / 罢
* 罷休 / 罢休 (bàxiū) (chiefly in the negative)
* 罷手 / 罢手 (bàshǒu)
* 間斷 / 间断
* 須 / 须 (xū) (literary)
* 頓 / 顿
* (to end):
* 了卻 / 了却 (liǎoquè)
* 了斷 / 了断 (liǎoduàn)
* 了結 / 了结 (liǎojié)
* 交代 (jiāodài) (humorous)
* 告終 / 告终 (gàozhōng)
* 完了 (wánliǎo)
* 完畢 / 完毕 (wánbì)
* 完結 / 完结 (wánjié)
* 收兵 (shōubīng) (figurative)
* 收場 / 收场 (shōuchǎng)
* 收束 (shōushù)
* 煞事 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 終 / 终 (zhōng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 結 / 结
* 結束 / 结束 (jiéshù)
* 結絕 / 结绝 (jiéjué) (literary)
* 結腳 / 结脚 (jie$^2$ juo$^2$) (Sichuanese)
* 罷 / 罢
* (to stop and give up): 算了 (suànle)
* (to restrain): 制止 (zhìzhǐ), 阻止 (zǔzhǐ)
* (unexpectedly):
* 先勿先 (Wu)
* 出乎意料地 (chūhūyìliào de)
* 居然 (jūrán)
* 硬敢 (Liuzhou)
* 竟 (jìng)
* 竟然 (jìngrán)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 居然, 竟然, 竟 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 居然, 竟然 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 竟然 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 敢, 硬敢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 居然 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 竟然 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 竟然, 居然, 竟然間 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 煞, 竟然 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 煞, 竟然 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 煞, 竟然 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 煞, 竟然 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 夰, 紲, 一回, 落, 敢敢 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 居然, 竟然, 竟, 先勿先, 伊講 |
* (how): 豈／岂 (qǐ), 怎麼／怎么 (zěnme), 哪 (nǎ), 難道／难道 (nándào), 莫非 (mòfēi)
* (at once):
* 即便 (jíbiàn) (literary)
* 即刻 (jíkè)
* 即時 / 即时 (jíshí) (formal)
* 及時 / 及时 (jíshí)
* 應時 / 应时 (yìngshí)
* 當即 / 当即 (dāngjí)
* 當時 / 当时 (dàngshí)
* 登即 (dēngjí)
* 登時 / 登时 (dēngshí)
* 眼看 (yǎnkàn)
* 眼見 / 眼见 (yǎnjiàn)
* 立刻 (lìkè)
* 立即 (lìjí)
* 立時 / 立时 (lìshí)
* 立馬 / 立马 (lìmǎ)
* 第一時間 / 第一时间 (dì-yī shíjiān)
* 隨即 / 随即 (suíjí)
* 隨手 / 随手 (suíshǒu)
* 頓時 / 顿时 (dùnshí)
* 馬上 / 马上 (mǎshàng)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 馬上, 立刻, 立即, 即時, 即刻, 隨即, 迅即, 立時, 當下, 當即, 登時, 頓時, 眼看 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 馬上, 立時刻, 立馬兒, 跟時, 跟手兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 馬上, 立刻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 馬上, 立刻亮兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 馬上 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 馬上, 立刻 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 馬上, 馬上馬, 立刻, 立馬追即 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 跟著, 馬上, 眼看著 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 眼看, 當下, 說聲兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 馬上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 馬上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 眼看 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 馬上馬, 馬展, 馬時 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 馬上, 眼看 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 馬上, 立馬 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 馬上, 立馬兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 馬上, 跟倒, 跟即, 立時, 立馬 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 馬上, 接身, 眼看 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 馬上, 立馬 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 馬上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 馬上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 馬即, 馬上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 馬上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 馬上 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 即刻, 即時, 登時, 當堂 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 即刻, 立即, 即時, 當堂 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 即刻, 當下 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 即午, 馬上 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 跟手 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 即刻 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 即刻 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 馬上, 仰上 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 馬上, 即刻 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 馬上 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 即刻, 即時, 馬上, 黏時, 力曆 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 馬上 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 黏時, 黏皮, 跈等, 馬上 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 黏時, 黏皮, 跈等, 馬上 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 黏皮, 黏時, 跈等, 馬上 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 黏時, 跈緊, 跈核, 登時, 馬上 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 黏時, 跈等, 馬上 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 黏時, 隨 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 當時 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 馬上 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 馬上 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 馬上 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 即刻 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 馬上 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 馬上 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 跟手, 立馬, 立時三刻 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 眼看 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 馬上 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 此刻, 馬上, 連刻 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 連鞭, 隨, 隨時, 隨煞, 現煞, 馬上, 煞 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 連鞭, 隨, 隨煞, 現煞, 馬上, 煞 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 隨時 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 連鞭, 隨, 現煞, 馬上, 煞 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 連鞭, 隨時, 即時 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 馬上 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 隨, 隨隨, 隨時 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 隨時, 馬上, 即時 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 馬上 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 隨時, 靈時 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 馬上 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 當下, 即時 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 即刻, 登場 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 馬上, 即刻 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 馬上, 即刻 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 馬上, 即刻, 隨即, 立刻, 立時, 頓時, 歇歇, 立時三刻, 臨時豁腳, 立馬造橋 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 眼看 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 馬上 |
| Wu | Danyang | 跟手 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 立馬兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 隨手 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 馬上, 馬上馬, 隨手, 肇 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 馬上 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 馬上, 𪐀噠 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 馬下 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 馬上 |
* (demon):
* 凶煞 (xiōngshà) (literally or figuratively)
* 凶神 (xiōngshén) (literally or figuratively)
* 妖 (yāo)
* 妖孽 (yāoniè)
* 妖怪 (yāoguài)
* 妖物 (yāowù)
* 妖精 (yāojīng)
* 妖鬼 (yāoguǐ)
* 妖魔 (yāomó)
* 孽 (niè) (literary, or in compounds)
* 怪物 (guàiwu)
* 惡魔 / 恶魔 (èmó) (literally or figuratively)
* 煞神 (shàshén) (literary, literally or figuratively)
* 精怪 (jīngguài)
* 精靈 / 精灵 (jīnglíng)
* 邪魔 (xiémó)
* 魔 (mó) (literary, or in compounds)
* 魔障 (mózhàng) (Buddhism)
* 魔鬼 (móguǐ) (literally or figuratively)

#### Compounds

* 一筆抹煞 / 一笔抹煞 (yībǐmǒshā)
* 大煞風景 / 大煞风景 (dàshāfēngjǐng)
* 抹煞 (mǒshā)
* 氣煞車 / 气煞车
* 沒不煞 / 没不煞
* 沒亂煞 / 没乱煞
* 煞住
* 煞尾 (shāwěi)
* 煞性子
* 煞氣 / 煞气 (shàqì)
* 煞氣騰騰 / 煞气腾腾
* 煞車 / 煞车 (shāchē)
* 煞風景 / 煞风景
* 碟式煞車 / 碟式煞车
* 碟煞 (diéshā)

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “same as etymology 1?”)

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shà (sha$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saat$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sat
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): soah / sat
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shà
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shà
*** Wade–Giles: sha$^4$
*** Yale: shà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shah
*** Palladius: ша (ša)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saat$^3$
*** Yale: saat
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saat$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sad$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːt̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sat
*** Hakka Romanization System: sad$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sad$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /sat̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soah / sat
*** Tâi-lô: suah / sat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: soaq, sad
*** IPA (Xiamen): /suaʔ³²/, /sat̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /suaʔ⁵/, /sat̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /suaʔ³²/, /sat̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /suaʔ³²/, /sat̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /suaʔ³²/, /sat̚³²/

#### Definitions

煞
* evil spirit; demon
    凶神惡煞／凶神恶煞 ― xiōngshén'èshà ― fierce person; ferocious person
* A pre-predicate intensifier: very; extremely
    煞費苦心／煞费苦心 ― shàfèikǔxīn ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (Hokkien) unexpectedly; surprisingly; instead
* (Hokkien) how; how can it be that (used in rhetorical questions)
* (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) at once; immediately
* Variant pronunciation for the intensifying complement.
* (obsolete) although

#### Compounds

* 七煞
* 來煞 / 来煞
* 凶煞 (xiōngshà)
* 凶神惡煞 (xiōngshénèshà)
* 勢煞 / 势煞
* 可煞
* 可煞作怪
* 喪煞 / 丧煞
* 回煞
* 地煞
* 大煞
* 忒煞 (tèshà)
* 惡煞 / 恶煞 (èshà)
* 慌張勢煞 / 慌张势煞
* 收煞
* 歸煞 / 归煞
* 殃煞
* 沒合煞 / 没合煞
* 沒搭煞 / 没搭煞
* 沒撻煞 / 没挞煞
* 沒收煞 / 没收煞
* 煞強如 / 煞强如
* 煞星 (shàxīng)
* 煞是 (shàshì)
* 煞有介事 (shàyǒujièshì)
* 煞白
* 煞神 (shàshén)
* 煞筆 / 煞笔
* 煞費周章 / 煞费周章
* 煞費苦心 / 煞费苦心
* 特煞
* 生煞煞
* 結煞 / 结煞 (jiéshà)
* 羨煞 / 羡煞
* 躲煞
* 避煞
* 關煞 / 关煞
* 霧煞煞 / 雾煞煞
* 鱉煞 / 鳖煞

### Etymology 3

Related to 啥 (shá, shà).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shà (sha$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄚˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shà
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shà
*** Wade–Giles: sha$^4$
*** Yale: shà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shah
*** Palladius: ша (ša)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂä⁵¹/

#### Definitions

煞
* (Early Mandarin) what

##### Synonyms

* 什麼／什么 (shénme), 啥 (shá)

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sahⁿ
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sahⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: sannh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: svaq
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sãʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sãʔ⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sãʔ³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sãʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sãʔ³²/

#### Definitions

煞
* (Hokkien) to get hit with a strong feeling; to get infatuated with; to long for
** 2020, “駟馬難追”, in 蔡湘宜 (lyrics), 蔡宜汝 (music), 《腳步慢慢》‎, performed by 洪榮宏 [Chris Hung] and 張瀞云:
       siūⁿ lí siūⁿ lí li̍t liân mî, sahⁿ-tio̍h lí ài-tio̍h lí [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       (please add an English translation of this quotation)

### References

* “煞”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): さつ (satsu)、さい (sai)、せつ (setsu)
* Kun: ころす (korosu, 煞す)

## Korean
### Hanja

煞 • (sal) (hangeul 살, revised sal, McCune–Reischauer sal, Yale sal)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

煞: Hán Việt readings: sát
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.