# 妖精
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yāojīng
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠ ㄐㄧㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu$^2$ zing$^1$ / jiu$^1$ zing$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yêu-chîn
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): iau-chiⁿ / iau-chiaⁿ / giau-chiaⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iou$^1$ zian$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yāojīng → yāojing (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠ ㄐㄧㄥ → ㄧㄠ ˙ㄐㄧㄥ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yaoji̊ng
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^1$-ching$^5$
*** Yale: yāu-jing
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iau.jing
*** Palladius: яоцзин (jaoczin)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/ → /jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥iŋ²/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jiu$^2$ zing$^1$ / jiu$^1$ zing$^1$
*** Yale: yíu jīng / yīu jīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jiu$^2$ dzing$^1$ / jiu$^1$ dzing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yiu$^2$ jing$^1$ / yiu$^1$ jing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːu̯³⁵ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/, /jiːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yêu-chîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: ieu$^ˊ$ jin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yeu$^1$ jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sin²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yêu-chîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieu$^ˊ$ jin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yeu$^1$ jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sin²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iau-chiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: iau-tsinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iaucvy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iau³³ t͡sĩ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sĩ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iau-chiaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: iau-tsiann
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iaucviaf
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siã⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siã⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Longyan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giau-chiaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: giau-tsiann
*** Phofsit Daibuun: giaucviaf
*** IPA (Longyan): /ɡiau³³⁴ t͡siã³³⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iou$^1$ zian$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iou tsiaⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /iou³³⁻²³ t͡sĩã³³/

### Noun

妖精
* magical creature or being
* evil spirit
* alluring woman

#### Synonyms

* (evil spirit):
* 凶煞 (xiōngshà) (literally or figuratively)
* 凶神 (xiōngshén) (literally or figuratively)
* 妖 (yāo)
* 妖孽 (yāoniè)
* 妖怪 (yāoguài)
* 妖物 (yāowù)
* 妖鬼 (yāoguǐ)
* 妖魔 (yāomó)
* 孽 (niè) (literary, or in compounds)
* 怪物 (guàiwu)
* 惡魔／恶魔 (èmó) (literally or figuratively)
* 煞 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 煞神 (shàshén) (literary, literally or figuratively)
* 精怪 (jīngguài)
* 精靈／精灵 (jīnglíng)
* 邪魔 (xiémó)
* 魔 (mó) (literary, or in compounds)
* 魔障 (mózhàng) (Buddhism)
* 魔鬼 (móguǐ) (literally or figuratively)

#### Derived terms

* 小妖精 (xiǎoyāojīng)

### References

* 郭启熹 [Guo, Qixi], editor (2016), “妖精”, in 龙岩方言词典 LONGYAN FANGYAN CIDIAN [Dictionary of Longyan dialect] (overall work in Min Nan and Mandarin), Xiamen: 鷺江出版社 [Lujiang Publishing House], →ISBN, page 271.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 妖 | 精 |
| よう Grade: S | せい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

From Chinese 妖精 (yāojīng).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よーせー [yòóséé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [jo̞ːse̞ː]

### Noun

妖(よう)精(せい) • (yōsei)
* a fay; a fairy
** 1999 August 26, “フェアリー・ドラゴン [Fairy Dragon]”, in BOOSTER 4, Konami:
    妖(よう)精(せい)の中(なか)では意(い)外(がい)と強(つよ)い、とてもきれいなドラゴンの妖(よう)精(せい)。
       Yōsei no naka de wa igai to tsuyoi, totemo kirei na doragon no yōsei.
       A very pretty dragon fairy that is surprisingly strong for a fairy.
** Kore Yamazaki, “第1篇　April showers bring May flowers. [Composition 1: April showers bring May flowers.]”, in 魔法使いの嫁(The Ancient Magus Bride) [The Ancient Magus’ Bride], volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Mag Garden, page 23:
    …妖(よう)精(せい)？アタシたちは人(にん)間(げん)の言(こと)葉(ば)で言(い)うなら確(たし)かに《妖(よう)精(せい)》だけどン　でもそんな無(ぶ)粋(すい)な言(こと)葉(ば)で呼(よ)んだらダメよンそうそう！《お隣(となり)さん》とか《良(い)い友(とも)達(だち)》とか
       …Yōsei?
       …Fairies?
       Atashi-tachi wa ningen no kotoba de iu nara tashika ni《yōsei》dakedon Demo sonna busui na kotoba de yondara dame yon
       We are indeed known to humans as ‘fairies’, but that word is a little demeaning-ng.
       Sō sō!《Otonari-san》toka《ii tomodachi》toka
       True true! Call us ‘neighbors’ or ‘good friends’ instead.

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 妖 | 精 |

### Noun

妖精 • (yojeong) (hangeul 요정)
* hanja form of 요정 (“fairy”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 妖 | 精 |

### Noun

妖精
* chữ Hán form of yêu tinh (“evil spirit”).