# 祉

| 祉 | U+7949, &#31049; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7949 |
| ← 祈 [U+7948] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 祊 → [U+794A] |
| 祉 | U+FA4D, &#64077; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA4D |
| ← 社 [U+FA4C] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 祈 → [U+FA4E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

祉 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 戈火卜中一 (IFYLM), four-corner 3121$_0$, composition ⿰礻止)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 840, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24641
* Dae Jaweon: page 1258, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2388, character 12
* Unihan data for U+7949
* Unihan data for U+FA4D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 祉
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 祉 | *kʰlɯʔ |
| 址 | *kjɯʔ |
| 止 | *kjɯʔ |
| 趾 | *kjɯʔ |
| 芷 | *kjɯʔ |
| 沚 | *kjɯʔ |
| 阯 | *kjɯʔ |
| 齒 | *kʰjɯʔ |
| 紕 | *be, *pʰi, *kʰjɯʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰlɯʔ) : semantic 示 (“sign”) + phonetic 止 (OC *kjɯʔ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^2$ / ci$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chṳ́
    (Hailu, HRS): zhi$^ˊ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cī
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zi$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zi$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tshy
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐh
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^3$
*** Yale: jř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
*** Palladius: чжи (čži)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^2$ / ci$^2$
*** Yale: jí / chí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^2$ / tsi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^2$ / qi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː³⁵/, /t͡sʰiː³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́
*** Hakka Romanization System: zii$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zhi$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃi²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
*** Tâi-lô: tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡si⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zi$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡si⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tshy
*** MiniDict: tshy$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tshr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰz̩³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: trhiX
Rime :
| Character | 祉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 徹 (10) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 敕里切 |
| Baxter | trhiX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈʰɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈʰɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶʰie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈʰɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶʰiə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶʰĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ȶʰi$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ci$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tʰ]rəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰlɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 祉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ trhi$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[tʰ]rəʔ/ |
| English | blessings |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 祉 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17295 |
| Phonetic component | 止 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 恥 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰlɯʔ/ |

### Definitions

祉
* happiness; blessings; good luck; felicity

### Compounds

* 旅祉
* 潭祉叶吉
* 祉祿 / 祉禄
* 福祉 (fúzhǐ)

### References

* “祉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* William Campbell (1913) A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC.
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “祉”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 309.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 祉 |
| Kyūjitai | 祉 &#xFA4D; or 祉+&#xFE00; |
| Kyūjitai | 祉󠄁 祉+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 祉󠄃 祉+&#xE0103; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 祉)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ち (chi)
* Kan-on: ち (chi)
* Kan’yō-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
* Kun: さいわい (saiwai, 祉い)
* Nanori: とみ (tomi)、よし (yoshi)

### References

* ↑ “祉”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

## Korean
### Hanja

祉 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.