# 𑀨𑀮
## Ashokan Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit फल (phala), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

### Noun

𑀨𑀮 (phala) n
* result, consequence; fruit (in a figurative sense)
** c. 258 BCE, Aśoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.4:𑀧𑀓𑀫𑀲 𑀳𑀺 𑀇𑀬𑀁 𑀨𑀮𑁂pakamasa hi iyaṃ phale1925 translation by Eugen HultzschFor this is the fruit of zeal.

#### Alternative forms

Attested at Bahapur, Bairat, Brahmagiri, Dhauli, Gavimath, Girnar, Gujarra, Jaugada, Kalsi, Nittur, Panguraria, Rajula-Mandagiri, Rupnath, Sahasram and Siddapura.
Dialectal forms of 𑀨𑀮 (“fruit”) :
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Kalsi | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale), 𑀨𑀮𑀸𑀦𑀺 nom.pl (phalāni), 𑀨𑀮𑀸 nom.pl (phalā) |
| Central | Rupnath | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| Central | Bairat | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | $^?$𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| Central | Sahasram | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| Central | Gujarra | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| Central | Panguraria | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | $^?$𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| Central | Bahapur | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | $^?$𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| East | Dhauli | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| East | Jaugada | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | 𐨥𐨫 (phala) | 𐨥𐨫 nom.sg (phala), $^?$𐨥𐨫𐨎 acc.sg (phalaṃ) |
| Northwest | Mansehra | 𐨥𐨫 (phala) | 𐨥𐨫 nom.sg (phala), 𐨥𐨫𐨅 nom.sg (phale), 𐨥𐨫𐨣𐨁 nom.pl (phalani) |
| West | Girnar | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale), 𑀨𑀮𑀁 acc.sg (phalaṃ), 𑀨𑀮 nom.sg (phala), 𑀨𑀮𑀸𑀦𑀺 nom.pl (phalāni) |
| South | Siddapura | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| South | Brahmagiri | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| South | Rajula-Mandagiri | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| South | Nittur | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | $^?$𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
| South | Gavimath | 𑀨𑀮 (phala) | 𑀨𑀮𑁂 nom.sg (phale) |
Map of dialectal forms of 𑀨𑀮 (“fruit”) :
* 𑀨𑀮 (phala) (20) 𐨥𐨫 (phala) (5)

#### Descendants

* Prakrit: 𑀨𑀮 (phala) (see there for further descendants)

### References

* Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) “phala-”, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 160
* Hultzsch, E[ugen Julius Theodor] (1925) Inscriptions of Aśoka (new edition), in Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 248.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “phála¹”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 508

## Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phala), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

### Noun

𑀨𑀮 (phala) n (Devanagari फल)
* fruit

#### Derived terms

* 𑀅𑀨𑀮 (aphala)

#### Descendants

* Central Indo-Aryan:
** Hindustani:
*** Hindi: फल (phal)
*** Urdu: پھَل (phal)
** Old Awadhi: फल (phala)
* Eastern Indo-Aryan:
** Bengali–Assamese:
*** Assamese: ফল (phol)
*** Bengali: ফল (phol)
*** Bishnupriya Manipuri: ফল
*** Chakma: 𑄜𑄧𑄣𑄴 (phal)
*** Hajong: ফল
*** Rajbanshi: फल
*** Sylheti: ꠚꠟ (fôl)
** Bihari:
*** Bhojpuri: फर (phar)
*** Maithili: फर (phar)
** Odia: ଫଳ (phaḷa)
* Northern Indo-Aryan:
** Nepali: फल (phal)
* Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
** Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਫਲ (phal)
    Shahmukhi script: پھَل (phal)
** Sindhi:
    Arabic script: ڦَرُ (pharu)
    Devanagari script: फरु (pharu)
* Western Indo-Aryan:
** Old Gujarati: फल (phala)
*** Gujarati: ફળ (phaḷ)
*** Marwari: फळ (phaḷ)
* Southern Indo-Aryan:
** Marathi: फळ (phaḷ)

### References

* ↑ Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “फल”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “phála¹”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 508