# cion
## English
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aɪən

### Noun

cion (plural cions)
* (chiefly botany) Alternative spelling of scion
** 1621–1626 (published posthumously in 1627): Francis Bacon, Sylva Sylvarum : or, A Natural History ; in ten centuries, century V, Experiments in consort touching the putting back or retardation of germination, ¶ 421; reprinted in:
** 1838, The works of Lord Bacon : with an introductory essay, and a portrait ; in two volumes, volume 1, page 133 (London : William Ball, Paternoster Row ; stereotyped and printed by John Childs and son)
    421. Men have entertained a conceit that showeth prettily ; namely, that if you graft a late-coming fruit upon a stock of a fruit-tree that cometh early, the graft will bear early ; as a peach upon a cherry ; and contrariwise, if an early-coming fruit upon a stock of a fruit-tree that cometh late, the graft will bear fruit late ; as a cherry upon a peach. But these are but imaginations, and untrue. The cause is, for that the cion overruleth the stock quite : and the stock is but passive only, and giveth aliment, but no motion to the graft.

### Anagrams

* COIN, Coin, ICON, Nico, coin, coni, icon

## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /cun̪ˠ/
* (Connacht) IPA: (Aran) /cinˠ/, /cɞnˠ/; (Cois Fharraige) /cin̪ˠ/; (Connemara, Mayo) /cunˠ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /cɨnˠ/, /cɨn̪ˠ/

### Etymology 1

From Classical Gaelic cion (“love, affection”), from the earlier sense “share, due portion” (see etymology 2 below). For the semantic development, compare English partiality as well as Middle Irish cuit (modern cuid), which could mean “partiality, affection” in addition to the primary meaning “part, portion, share”.

#### Noun

cion m (genitive singular ceana)
* love, affection, fondness [with ar ‘for’]
    Tá cion agam oraibh.I am fond of you pl.
* regard, esteem
* effect, influence

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
cion
vocative
a chion
genitive
ceana
dative
cion
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an cion
genitive
an cheana
dative
leis an gcion don chion :

##### Derived terms

* cionmhar, ceanúil (“loving, affectionate”)

### Etymology 2

From Classical Gaelic cion, cean (“share, due portion”), from Middle Irish cin (“payment due, fee”), from Old Irish cin (“guilt, crime”) (see etymology 3 below).

#### Noun

cion m (genitive singular cion)
* share, amount

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
cion
vocative
a chion
genitive
cion
dative
cion
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an cion
genitive
an chion
dative
leis an gcion don chion :

##### Derived terms

* cionmhar (“proportional”)

### Etymology 3

From Old Irish cin (“guilt, fault, crime, offence”).

#### Noun

cion m (genitive singular ciona, nominative plural cionta)
* offence, transgression; blame

##### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
cion
cionta
vocative
a chion
a chionta
genitive
ciona
cionta
dative
cion
cionta
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an cion
na cionta
genitive
an chiona
na gcionta
dative
leis an gcion don chion
leis na cionta :

##### Derived terms

* ainchion m (“grievous offence”)
* ciontóir m (“offender”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Breatnach, Risteard B. (1947) The Irish of Ring, Co. Waterford: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 288, page 59
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 173
* ↑ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977) Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], § 89 (j), page 36
* ↑ Ó Máille, T. S. (1974) Liosta Focal as Ros Muc [Word List from Rosmuck] (in Irish), Baile Átha Cliath [Dublin]: Irish University Press, →ISBN, page 42
* ↑ Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968) The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, section 166, page 38
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 107, page 42
* 1 2 3 Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cin”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cion”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Old French
### Alternative forms

* ciun, sion

### Etymology

Frankish *kiþ, cognate with English kid.

### Noun

cion oblique singular, m (oblique plural cions, nominative singular cions, nominative plural cion)
* child, usually a newborn

#### Descendants

* Middle French: sion
** French: scion
* Picard: chion
* → Middle English: sioun, cioun, ciun, cyun, scion, scioun, sion, siun, syon, syoun
** English: scion

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From the root of gan (“without”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /cʰin/

### Noun

cion m (genitive singular cion, no plural)
* lack, want, shortage, scarcity

#### Synonyms

* gainne
* gainnead

#### Derived terms

* cion-cosnaidh
* cion-meirbhidh