# 靶

| 靶 | U+9776, &#38774; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9776 |
| ← 靵 [U+9775] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 靷 → [U+9777] |

## Translingual
### Han character

靶 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿十日山 (TJAU), four-corner 4751$_7$, composition ⿰革巴)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1385, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42734
* Dae Jaweon: page 1900, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4329, character 4
* Unihan data for U+9776

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 靶
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 巴 | *praː |
| 芭 | *praː |
| 笆 | *praː, *braːʔ |
| 豝 | *praː |
| 鈀 | *praː, *pʰraː |
| 吧 | *praː, *pʰraː |
| 蚆 | *praː, *pʰraː |
| 疤 | *praː |
| 把 | *praːʔ |
| 爸 | *praːs, *baʔ |
| 弝 | *praːs |
| 靶 | *praːs |
| 葩 | *pʰraː |
| 舥 | *pʰraː |
| 妑 | *pʰraː |
| 帊 | *pʰraːs |
| 琶 | *braː |
| 爬 | *braː |
| 杷 | *braː, *braːs, *braːs |
| 跁 | *braːʔ, *braːs |
| 耙 | *braːs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *praːs) : semantic 革 + phonetic 巴 (OC *praː).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bǎ (ba$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baa$^2$ / baa$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pá
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ba$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): bá
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pé / pée / pá / pa
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ba$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bǎ
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^3$
*** Yale: bǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baa
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baa$^2$ / baa$^3$
*** Yale: bá / ba
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baa$^2$ / baa$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ba$^2$ / ba$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /paː³⁵/, /paː³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pá
*** Hakka Romanization System: ba$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ba$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pa³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ba$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pa³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: bá
*** Sinological IPA : /pɑ²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pé
*** Tâi-lô: pé
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pea
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pe⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /pe⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pe⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pée
*** Tâi-lô: pée
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɛ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pá
*** Tâi-lô: pá
*** Phofsit Daibuun: par
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pa⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /pa⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pa⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pa
*** Tâi-lô: pa
*** Phofsit Daibuun: paf
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pa³³/
* pá - literary;
* pé - vernacular;
* pée/pa - vernacular (俗).

#### Definitions

靶
* target

##### Compounds

* 刀靶
* 打靶 (dǎbǎ)
* 柄靶
* 活靶 (huóbǎ)
* 箭靶 (jiànbǎ)
* 胸靶
* 脫靶／脱靶 (tuōbǎ)
* 話靶／话靶 (huàbǎ)
* 靶區／靶区
* 靶向 (bǎxiàng)
* 靶場／靶场 (bǎchǎng)
* 靶子 (bǎzi)
* 靶心 (bǎxīn)
* 靶機／靶机 (bǎjī)
* 靶紙／靶纸
* 靶船

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bǎ, bà (ba$^3$, ba$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚˇ, ㄅㄚˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bǎ
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^3$
*** Yale: bǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baa
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bà
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bà
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^4$
*** Yale: bà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bah
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵¹/
* Middle Chinese: paeH
Rime :
| Character | 靶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 必駕切 |
| Baxter | paeH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pˠa$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pᵚa$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pa$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /paɨ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /pa$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pa$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pa$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bà |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | baa$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*praːs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 靶 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 108 |
| Phonetic component | 巴 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 霸 |
| Old Chinese | /*praːs/ |

#### Definitions

靶
* (literary) reins
    From: The Book of Han, circa 1st century CE
    Wáng Liáng zhí bǎ, Hán Āi fù yú. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (literary) handle
    alt. forms: 把

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* target
* splash-board on chariot

#### Readings

* Go-on: は (ha)
* Kan-on: は (ha)
* Kun: たづな (tazuna, 靶)

## Korean
### Hanja

靶 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a, Yale pha)
* reins
* target