# 生活
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shēnghuó
       (Zhuyin): ㄕㄥ ㄏㄨㄛˊ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): сынхуә (sɨnhuə, I-I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sang$^1$ wut$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sên-fa̍t
    (Hailu, HRS): sen$^ˋ$ fad$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sên$^1$ fad$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sĕng-uăk
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): seng$^1$ uah$^7$ / seng$^1$ uoh$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): seng-oa̍h / sng-oa̍h / seng-hoa̍t / sng-hoa̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sên$^1$ uah$^8$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$sen-weq$_8$; $^1$san-weq$_8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shēnghuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄥ ㄏㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shenghuó
*** Wade–Giles: shêng$^1$-huo$^2$
*** Yale: shēng-hwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenghwo
*** Palladius: шэнхо (šɛnxo)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: сынхуә (sɨnhuə, I-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /səŋ²⁴ xuə²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sang$^1$ wut$^6$
*** Yale: sāng wuht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sang$^1$ wut$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seng$^1$ wud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐŋ⁵⁵ wuːt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sên-fa̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: sen$^ˊ$ fad
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sen$^1$ fad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sen²⁴⁻¹¹ fat̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: sen$^ˋ$ fad$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /sen⁵³ fat²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: sên$^1$ fad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɛn⁴⁴ fat̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sĕng-uăk
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛiŋ⁵⁵ $^{(Ø-)}$ŋuaʔ⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: seng$^1$ uah$^7$ [Phonetic: seng$^5$ uah$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ uaʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: seng$^1$ uoh$^7$ [Phonetic: seng$^5$ uoh$^7$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬɛŋ⁵³³⁻²¹ uoʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese, Kinmen, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng-oa̍h
*** Tâi-lô: sing-ua̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: seng'oah
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ uaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² uaʔ⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /seŋ⁴⁴⁻²² uaʔ⁴³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² uaʔ⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng-oa̍h
*** Tâi-lô: sng-ua̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sng'oah
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /sŋ̍³³ uaʔ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng-hoa̍t
*** Tâi-lô: sing-hua̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: senghoat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng-hoa̍t
*** Tâi-lô: sng-hua̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: snghoat
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sŋ̍³³ huat̚²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sên$^1$ uah$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: seⁿ ua̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /sẽ³³⁻²³ uaʔ⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^1$sen-weq$_8$; $^1$san-weq$_8$
*** MiniDict: sen$^平$ weh$^入$; san$^平$ weh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$sen-hhueq$_5$; $^1$san-hhueq$_5$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sən⁵⁵ ɦuəʔ²¹/, /sã⁵⁵ ɦuəʔ²¹/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /sən⁴⁴ ɦuəʔ/, /sã⁴⁴ ɦuəʔ/
* $^1$sen-weq$_8$ - literary reading, "life";
* 1san-weq$_8$ - vernacular reading, "job, task".
* Middle Chinese: sraeng|sraengH hwat
Rime :
| Character | 生 | 生 | 活 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 生 (21) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (109) | 庚 (109) | 末 (64) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | II | II | I |
| Fanqie | 所庚切 | 所敬切 | 戸括切 |
| Baxter | sraeng | sraengH | hwat |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠæŋ/ | /ʃˠæŋ$^H$/ | /ɦuɑt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚaŋ/ | /ʃᵚaŋ$^H$/ | /ɦʷɑt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃaŋ/ | /ʃaŋ$^H$/ | /ɣuɑt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂaɨjŋ/ | /ʂaɨjŋ$^H$/ | /ɦwat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɐŋ/ | /ʃɐŋ$^H$/ | /ɣuɑt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃɐŋ/ | /ʃɐŋ$^H$/ | /ɣuɑt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂɐŋ/ | /ʂɐŋ$^H$/ | /ɣuɑt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shēng | shèng | huó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sang$^1$ | sang$^3$ | wut$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*sreŋ|sreŋ|sreŋ [ɡ]ʷˤat/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰleːŋ|sreŋs ɡoːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 生 | 生 | 生 | 活 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shēng | shēng | shēng | huó |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sræng › | ‹ sræng › | ‹ srjæng › | ‹ hwat › |
| Old Chinese | /*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?) | /*sreŋ/ | /*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?) | /*[ɡ]ʷˁat/ |
| English | bear, be born; live | fresh, raw | bear, be born; live | to live |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 生 | 生 | 活 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11312 | 11322 | 7585 |
| Phonetic component | 生 | 生 | 桰 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 生 | 生 | 活 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰleːŋ/ | /*sreŋs/ | /*ɡoːd/ |

### Noun

生活
* life (activities in life)
    日常生活 ― rìcháng shēnghuó ― everyday life
    城市生活 ― chéngshì shēnghuó ― urban life
    生活節奏／生活节奏 ― shēnghuó jiézòu ― pace of life
    豪華生活／豪华生活 ― háohuá shēnghuó ― high life
    熱愛生活／热爱生活 ― rè'ài shēnghuó ― to love one's life
    生活態度／生活态度 ― shēnghuó tàidù ― outlook on life
    人民生活步步高 ― rénmín shēnghuó bùbùgāo ― the lives of the people improve step by step
       Wǒ gǎnjué zìjǐ de shēnghuó hěn wúliáo. [Pinyin]
       I feel my life is boring.
       Wǒmen dōu xiàngwǎng xìngfú de shēnghuó. [Pinyin]
       We all long for a happy life.
       Zhè ge jìshù néng ràng wǒmen de shēnghuó gèng fāngbiàn. [Pinyin]
       This technology can make our lives more convenient.
* livelihood
* (dialectal) job; task
    做.生活 [Shanghainese] ― $^5$tsu $^1$san-weq [Wugniu] ― to work (lit. "to do a task")
    From: Song Dynasty, 呉曾, 《能改齋漫錄》
    Yèjiǔrénjìng, huò wén yǐ xíng xiàng hū yún: “Jīn wúbèi yǒu hé shēnghuó?” [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: 1935, Xia Yan, 《包身工》 [Indentured Labor]
    Shíjì shàng, námòwēn duìdài wàitou gōngrén, yě bìng bù zěnyàng kèqi, yīnwèi chúle dǎmà zhīwài, háiyǒu gèng qiǎomiào de fāngfǎ, pìrú pài gěi nǐ nán zuò de “shēnghuó”, huòzhě diào nǐ qù zuò bù yuànyì qù zuò de gōngzuò. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (dialectal Mandarin) calligraphy brush; inkbrush

#### Synonyms

* (livelihood):
* 世故 (shìgù) (archaic)
* 生涯 (shēngyá)
* 生產／生产 (shēngchǎn) (archaic)
* 生計／生计 (shēngjì)
* 生路 (shēnglù)
* 飯碗／饭碗 (fànwǎn) (figurative, informal)
* (task): 活 (huó)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 職, 業 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 職業, 工作 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 工作 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 工, 工作 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 工 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 工 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 工 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 頭路 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 頭路 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 頭路 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 頭路 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 頭路 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 頭路 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 頭路, 工課, 穡路 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 頭路, 工課, 穡路 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 頭路 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 頭路, 工課, 穡路 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 頭路 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 頭路, 職業 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 工課, 頭路, 穡頭, 職業 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 工課, 頭路, 職業 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 工課, 頭路, 職業 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 頭路, 工課, 穡頭 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 工課, 頭路, 穡頭, 職業 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 頭路, 工課 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 頭路, 工課 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 工課 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 工課, 工 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 工, 頭路, 工課 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 頭路 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 工課 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 工, 工課 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 工 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 工作, 生活, 生意, 行當, 飯碗 figuratively, 飯碗頭 figuratively |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 生活, 營生 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 行當 |
| Wu | Danyang | 生活 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 生活, 行當 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 行當 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 行當, 事幹, 生活 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 管, 翰 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 毛筆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 毛筆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 毛筆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 水筆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 水筆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 毛筆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 水筆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 毛筆 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 毛筆 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 毛筆 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 水筆, 毛筆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 毛筆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 毛筆, 生紅 dated |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong (Ronghe) | 生胡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 毛筆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 毛筆, 墨筆, 生活 dated |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 生活, 筆 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 毛筆 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 毛筆, 生花 dated |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 毛筆 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 生活 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 毛筆, 生活 dated |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Jimsar | 生活 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 毛筆, 墨筆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 毛筆, 墨筆 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 墨筆, 毛筆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 毛筆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 墨筆, 毛筆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 毛筆 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 毛筆, 墨筆 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 毛筆, 墨筆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 毛筆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 毛筆 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 毛筆 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 毛筆, 墨筆 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 毛筆 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 墨筆 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 毛筆 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 墨筆 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 毛筆, 水筆 |
| Hakka | Changting | 毛筆 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 毛筆 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 筆 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 毛筆, 水筆 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 毛筆, 水筆 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 毛筆, 水筆 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 毛筆, 水筆 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 毛筆, 水筆 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 毛筆, 膨筆, 水筆 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 毛筆 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 毛筆 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 毛筆 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 毛筆 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 毛筆, 筆 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 毛筆 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 毛筆 |
| Jin | Linhe | 毛筆 |
| Jin | Jining | 毛筆 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 毛筆 |
| Jin | Baotou | 毛筆 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 毛筆 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 毛筆 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 毛筆, 水筆 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 毛筆, 墨筆, 水筆 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 毛筆 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 毛筆, 水筆 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 水筆 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 水筆 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 水筆 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 墨筆 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 墨筆 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 墨筆 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 墨筆 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 水筆, 毛筆 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 毛筆 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 水筆, 毛筆 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 毛筆 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 毛筆 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 毛筆 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 毛筆, 墨筆 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 毛筆 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 毛筆 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 毛筆 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 毛筆, 墨筆 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 毛筆, 墨筆 |
| Wu | Danyang | 毛筆, 墨筆 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 毛筆, 墨筆 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 墨筆 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 墨筆 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 墨筆, 毛筆 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 墨筆 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 墨筆 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 墨筆, 寫字筆, 筆 |

### Verb

生活
* to live; to exist; to lead a lifestyle
    健康生活 ― jiànkāng shēnghuó ― to lead a healthy lifestyle
    From: 1941, Ai Qing, On Poetry (《詩論》)
    Wǒ shēnghuó zhe, gù wǒ gēchàng. [Pinyin]
    I live, therefore I sing.

#### Synonyms

* 度日 (dùrì)
* 活命 (huómìng)
* 過日／过日 (Hokkien)
* 過日子／过日子 (guò rìzi)
* 過活／过活 (guòhuó)

### Derived terms

* 最低生活保障 (zuìdī shēnghuó bǎozhàng)
* 實際生活體驗／实际生活体验 (shíjì shēnghuó tǐyàn)
* 性生活 (xìngshēnghuó)
* 愛情生活／爱情生活 (àiqíng shēnghuó)
* 日常生活 (rìcháng shēnghuó)
* 游牧生活 (yóumù shēnghuó)
* 物質生活／物质生活 (wùzhì shēnghuó)
* 生活伴侶／生活伴侣 (shēnghuó bànlǚ)
* 生活問題／生活问题 (shēnghuó wèntí)
* 生活圈 (shēnghuóquān)
* 生活導師／生活导师 (shēnghuó dǎoshī)
* 生活態度／生活态度
* 生活成本 (shēnghuó chéngběn)
* 生活技能 (shēnghuó jìnéng)
* 生活教練／生活教练 (shēnghuó jiàoliàn)
* 生活方式 (shēnghuó fāngshì)
* 生活條件／生活条件 (shēnghuó tiáojiàn)
* 生活標準／生活标准 (shēnghuó biāozhǔn)
* 生活水平 (shēnghuó shuǐpíng)
* 生活照 (shēnghuózhào)
* 生活用品 (shēnghuó yòngpǐn)
* 生活費／生活费 (shēnghuófèi)
* 生活費用／生活费用 (shēnghuó fèiyòng)
* 生活資料／生活资料 (shēnghuó zīliào)
* 生活質量／生活质量 (shēnghuó zhìliàng)
* 生活館／生活馆 (shēnghuóguǎn)
* 私生活 (sīshēnghuó)
* 精神生活 (jīngshén shēnghuó)
* 維持生活／维持生活 (wéichí shēnghuó)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 生活(せいかつ) (seikatsu)
* → Korean: 생활(生活) (saenghwal)
* → Vietnamese: sinh hoạt (生活)

### See also

* 人生 (rénshēng)
* 生命 (shēngmìng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 生 | 活 |
| せい Grade: 1 | かつ Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せーかつ [sèékátsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞ːka̠t͡sɨ]

### Noun

生(せい)活(かつ) • (seikatsu)
* life; livelihood; daily living.
    生活を送る ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Usage notes

生活 is distinct from several other Japanese words that may also be translated to English as "life". In particular, it means "day-to-day life as it is experienced; lifestyle; one's usual activities, habits, and routines". Compare the terms below, which may also be rendered as "life" in English:
* 生存 (seizon, “life”): Action involved in staying alive, as in "signs of life".
* 命 (inochi, “life”): The state of being alive, an animating force, or life as a whole (from birth to death).
* 生命 (seimei, “life”): Biological life in general, particularly in scientific contexts.
* 存在 (sonzai, “life”): Being; either the state of existing or a thing that exists.
* 人生 (jinsei, “life”): A person's narrative, experience, and/or accomplishments from birth to death.
* 寿命 (jumyō, “life”): Lifespan or life expectancy.
* 残機 (zanki, “life”): A video-game life; a chance to play.
* 元気 (genki, “life”): Liveliness.

#### Synonyms

* 暮(く)らし (kurashi)

#### Derived terms

* 生活費(せいかつひ) (seikatsuhi): living expenses
* 生活様式(せいかつようしき) (seikatsu-yōshiki): life style
* 実生活(じっせいかつ) (jisseikatsu): actual life
* 日常生活(にちじょうせいかつ) (nichijō-seikatsu): daily life

### Verb

生(せい)活(かつ)する • (seikatsu suru) intransitive suru (stem 生(せい)活(かつ)し (seikatsu shi), past 生(せい)活(かつ)した (seikatsu shita))
* live a life

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 生活し | せいかつし | seikatsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 生活し | せいかつし | seikatsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 生活する | せいかつする | seikatsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 生活する | せいかつする | seikatsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 生活すれ | せいかつすれ | seikatsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 生活せよ¹ 生活しろ² | せいかつせよ¹ せいかつしろ² | seikatsu seyo¹ seikatsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 生活される | せいかつされる | seikatsu sareru |
| Causative | 生活させる 生活さす | せいかつさせる せいかつさす | seikatsu saseru seikatsu sasu |
| Potential | 生活できる | せいかつできる | seikatsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 生活しよう | せいかつしよう | seikatsu shiyō |
| Negative | 生活しない | せいかつしない | seikatsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 生活せず | せいかつせず | seikatsu sezu |
| Formal | 生活します | せいかつします | seikatsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 生活した | せいかつした | seikatsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 生活して | せいかつして | seikatsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 生活すれば | せいかつすれば | seikatsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 生 | 活 |

### Noun

生活 • (saenghwal) (hangeul 생활)
* hanja form of 생활 (“lifestyle, way of life, daily living”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 生 | 活 |

### Noun

生活
* chữ Hán form of sinh hoạt (“life”).