# 詩歌
## Chinese

* 詩歌

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shīgē
    (Zhuyin): ㄕ ㄍㄜ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): si$^1$ go$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̂-kô
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): si-koa / si-ko
    (Teochew, Peng'im): si$^1$ go$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$sy-ku
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shīgē
*** Zhuyin: ㄕ ㄍㄜ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shihge
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^1$-ko$^1$
*** Yale: shr̄-gē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyge
*** Palladius: шигэ (šigɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: si$^1$ go$^1$
*** Yale: sī gō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: si$^1$ go$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xi$^1$ go$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /siː⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̂-kô
*** Hakka Romanization System: sii$^ˊ$ go$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: si$^1$ go$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ ko²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-koa
*** Tâi-lô: si-kua
*** Phofsit Daibuun: si'koaf
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /si⁴⁴⁻³³ kua⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /si³³ kua³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /si⁴⁴⁻²² kua⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si-ko
*** Tâi-lô: si-ko
*** Phofsit Daibuun: si'koy
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /si⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: si$^1$ go$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si ko
*** Sinological IPA : /si³³⁻²³ ko³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$sy-ku
*** MiniDict: sy$^平$ ku
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$sr-ku
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sz̩⁵⁵ ku²¹/
* Middle Chinese: syi ka
Rime :
| Character | 詩 | 歌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 書之切 | 古俄切 |
| Baxter | syi | ka |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕɨ/ | /kɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕɨ/ | /kɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕie/ | /kɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕɨ/ | /ka/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiə/ | /kɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭə/ | /kɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɕi/ | /kɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shī | gē |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | si$^1$ | go$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.tə [k]ˤaj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*hljɯ kaːl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 詩 | 歌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shī | gē |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ syi › | ‹ ka › |
| Old Chinese | /*s.tə/ | /*[k]ˁaj/ |
| English | poetry | sing, song |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 詩 | 歌 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 12052 | 7438 |
| Phonetic component | 寺 | 可 |
| Rime group | 之 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 詩 | 歌 |
| Old Chinese | /*hljɯ/ | /*kaːl/ |

### Noun

詩歌
* (literature) poetry; poem (Classifier: 首 m c)
    詩歌朗誦／诗歌朗诵 ― shīgē lǎngsòng ― poetry recital
* (religion) hymn (Classifier: 首 m c)

#### Synonyms

* (literary or Min Nan) 歌詩／歌诗 (gēshī)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 詩(しい)歌(か) (shīka)
* → Korean: 시가(詩歌) (siga)
* → Vietnamese: thi ca (詩歌)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 詩 | 歌 |
| し > しい Grade: 3 | か Grade: 2 |
| irregular | on'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 詩哥
/ɕika/ → /ɕiːka/
Shift from older shika below. (Can this etymology be sourced?)
Now the 慣用読み (kan'yōyomi, “common reading”) form, possibly to avoid confusion with homophones.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しいか [shíꜜìkà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɕiːka̠]

#### Noun

詩(しい)歌(か) • (shīka)
* Japanese and Chinese poetry
* (poetry) a rhymed poem (Can we verify this sense?)

##### Derived terms

* 詩歌(しいか)合(あ)わせ (shīka-awase)
* 詩歌(しいか)管弦(かんげん), 詩歌(しいか)管絃(かんげん) (shīka kangen)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 詩 | 歌 |
| し Grade: 3 | か Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
From Middle Chinese 詩歌 (MC syi ka). (Can this etymology be sourced?)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しか [shíꜜkà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ɕika̠]

#### Noun

詩(し)歌(か) • (shika)
* (obsolete) Japanese and Chinese poetry
* (poetry, obsolete) a rhymed poem (Can we verify this sense?)

##### Derived terms

* 詩歌(しか)合(あ)わせ (shika-awase)

### See also

* 漢詩(かんし) (kanshi, “Chinese poetry”)
* 和歌(わか) (waka, “Japanese poetry”)
* 歌(うた), 詩(うた) (uta)

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 詩 | 歌 |

### Noun

詩歌 • (siga) (hangeul 시가)
* hanja form of 시가 (“poem”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 詩 | 歌 |

### Noun

詩歌
* chữ Hán form of thi ca (“poetry”).