# 俯

| 俯 | U+4FEF, &#20463; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FEF |
| ← 修 [U+4FEE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 俰 → [U+4FF0] |

## Translingual
### Han character

俯 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人戈人戈 (OIOI), four-corner 2024$_0$, composition ⿰亻府)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 106, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 722
* Dae Jaweon: page 226, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 182, character 9
* Unihan data for U+4FEF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 俯
* Transcribed ancient scriptsL14939L14935L14936L14937L14938
* References:
* Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
* Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
* Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
* Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
* Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
| | Old Chinese |
| 鉜 | *bu |
| 跗 | *po, *bos |
| 柎 | *po |
| 腑 | *poʔ |
| 俯 | *poʔ |
| 府 | *poʔ |
| 付 | *pos |
| 咐 | *pos |
| 怤 | *pʰo |
| 泭 | *pʰo, *bo |
| 姇 | *pʰo |
| 紨 | *pʰo |
| 拊 | *pʰoʔ |
| 弣 | *pʰoʔ |
| 符 | *bo |
| 苻 | *bo |
| 坿 | *bo, *bos |
| 腐 | *boʔ |
| 附 | *bos |
| 駙 | *bos |
| 鮒 | *bos |
| 袝 | *bos |
| 蚹 | *bos |
| 胕 | *bos |
In bronze inscriptions, phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *poʔ) : phonetic 府 (OC *poʔ) + semantic 勹 (“person bending over”). In the modern script 勹 has changed to 亻.

### Etymology

Compare perhaps Burmese ဖူး (hpu:, “to behold with reverence”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fǔ (fu$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fu$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fú
    (Hailu, HRS): fu$^ˊ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hū
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hu$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hú
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^3$
*** Yale: fǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
*** Palladius: фу (fu)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fu$^2$
*** Yale: fú
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fu$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuː³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fú
*** Hakka Romanization System: fu$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /fu³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: fu$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /fu²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hū
*** Sinological IPA : /hu³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hu⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hu³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hú
*** Tâi-lô: hú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hu⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hu⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hu⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: pjuX
Rime :
| Character | 俯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 方矩切 |
| Baxter | pjuX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pɨo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pio$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pio$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /puə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /pio$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pĭu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /pi̯u$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fu$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*poʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 俯 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3510 |
| Phonetic component | 付 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 甫 |
| Old Chinese | /*poʔ/ |
| Notes | 訓讀同頫 |

### Definitions

俯
* to bow one's head
* to bend down; to bow
* to look from above; to overlook; to look down
* (honorific) to deign

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to bow one's head”): 仰 (yǎng)

### Usage notes

For personal names, the character 頫／𫖯 (fǔ) should not be written as 俯 (fǔ) in simplified Chinese, e.g. 趙孟頫 / 赵孟𫖯 (Zhào Mèngfǔ).

### Compounds

* 仰事俯畜
* 仰觀俯察 / 仰观俯察
* 俯仰 (fǔyǎng)
* 俯伏 (fǔfú)
* 俯仰之間 / 俯仰之间 (fǔyǎngzhījiān)
* 俯仰無愧 / 俯仰无愧 (fǔyǎngwúkuì)
* 俯仰由人
* 俯允 (fǔyǔn)
* 俯察
* 俯就 (fǔjiù)
* 俯念
* 俯思
* 俯拾
* 俯拾即是
* 俯拾皆是 (fǔshíjiēshì)
* 俯拾青紫
* 俯看 (fǔkàn)
* 俯瞰 (fǔkàn)
* 俯視 / 俯视 (fǔshì)
* 俯臥 / 俯卧 (fǔwò)
* 俯臨 / 俯临
* 俯衝 / 俯冲 (fǔchōng)
* 俯觀 / 俯观
* 俯角 (fǔjiǎo)
* 俯身 (fǔshēn)
* 俯遂幽眇
* 俯首
* 俯首就縛 / 俯首就缚
* 俯首帖耳
* 俯首稱臣 / 俯首称臣
* 俯首聽命 / 俯首听命
* 俯首認罪 / 俯首认罪
* 前俯後仰 / 前俯后仰
* 憑山俯海 / 凭山俯海
* 與世俯仰 / 与世俯仰
* 蹲俯

### References

* ↑ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-U Finals (48. to Behold with reverence or love))”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 33

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* to bend down
* to lie down

#### Readings

* Go-on: ふ (fu)
* Kan-on: ふ (fu)
* Kun: ふす (fusu, 俯す)、ふせる (fuseru, 俯せる)、うつむく (utsumuku, 俯く)、うつむき (utsumuki)、うつむけ (utsumuke)、うつぶく (utsubuku, 俯く)、うつぶき (utsubuki)、うつぶけ (utsubuke)、うつぶし (utsubushi)、うつぶせ (utsubuse, 俯せ)

## Korean
### Hanja

俯 (eum 부 (bu))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

俯: Hán Nôm readings: phủ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation