# 精靈
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* 精靈
* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīnglíng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ ㄌㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zing$^1$ ling$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cheng-lêng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīnglíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄌㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jinglíng
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^1$-ling$^2$
*** Yale: jīng-líng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingling
*** Palladius: цзинлин (czinlin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^1$ ling$^4$
*** Yale: jīng lìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^1$ ling$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^1$ ling$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng-lêng
*** Tâi-lô: tsing-lîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zengleeng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

#### Noun

精靈
* (mythology) demon; spirit
* (mythology) elf
* (computing, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan) wizard (a program routine designed to assist with a certain task)
* (computer graphics) sprite

##### Synonyms

* (demon):
* 凶煞 (xiōngshà) (literally or figuratively)
* 凶神 (xiōngshén) (literally or figuratively)
* 妖 (yāo)
* 妖孽 (yāoniè)
* 妖怪 (yāoguài)
* 妖物 (yāowù)
* 妖精 (yāojīng)
* 妖鬼 (yāoguǐ)
* 妖魔 (yāomó)
* 孽 (niè) (literary, or in compounds)
* 怪物 (guàiwu)
* 惡魔／恶魔 (èmó) (literally or figuratively)
* 煞 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 煞神 (shàshén) (literary, literally or figuratively)
* 精怪 (jīngguài)
* 邪魔 (xiémó)
* 魔 (mó) (literary, or in compounds)
* 魔障 (mózhàng) (Buddhism)
* 魔鬼 (móguǐ) (literally or figuratively)
* (sprite): 精靈圖／精灵图 (jīnglíngtú), 拼合圖／拼合图 (pīnhétú), 雪碧圖／雪碧图 (xuěbìtú)

##### Derived terms

* 古怪精靈／古怪精灵
* 寵物小精靈／宠物小精灵 (Chǒngwù Xiǎo Jīnglíng)
* 小精靈／小精灵
* 淘氣精靈／淘气精灵 (táoqì jīnglíng)
* 精靈古怪／精灵古怪
* 精靈圖／精灵图 (jīnglíngtú)
* 精靈論／精灵论
* 精靈章／精灵章
* 精靈鬼／精灵鬼
* 紅色精靈／红色精灵 (hóngsè jīnglíng)
* 鬼精靈／鬼精灵

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: 精霊(せいれい) (seirei); 精霊(しょうりょう) (shōryō)
* → Korean: 정령(精靈) (jeongnyeong)
* → Vietnamese: tinh linh (精靈)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīnglíng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ ㄌㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zing$^1$ ling$^{4-1}$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chîn-lìn
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cheng-lêng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīnglíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄌㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jinglíng
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^1$-ling$^2$
*** Yale: jīng-líng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingling
*** Palladius: цзинлин (czinlin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^1$ ling$^{4-1}$
*** Yale: jīng līng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^1$ ling$^{4-1}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^1$ ling$^{4-1}$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chîn-lìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: jin$^ˊ$ lin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: jin$^1$ lin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sin²⁴ lin¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng-lêng
*** Tâi-lô: tsing-lîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zengleeng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

#### Adjective

精靈
* clever; smart; intelligent

##### Synonyms

* 乖巧 (guāiqiǎo)
* 了了 (liǎoliǎo) (literary)
* 伶俐 (línglì)
* 儇 (Wu, of a child)
* 奢遮 (Wu, of a child)
* 宿鬼 (Hokkien)
* 性靈／性灵 (xìnglíng) (literary)
* 敏慧 (mǐnhuì)
* 明慧 (mínghuì)
* 明智 (míngzhì)
* 機敏／机敏 (jīmǐn)
* 機智／机智 (jīzhì)
* 機穎／机颖 (literary)
* 機警／机警 (jījǐng)
* 機靈／机灵
* 活絡／活络 (Wu)
* 睿智 (ruìzhì)
* 穎異／颖异 (yǐngyì) (formal)
* 精濟／精济 (Hokkien, of a child)
* 精齊／精齐 (Hokkien, of a child)
* 聰慧／聪慧 (cōnghuì)
* 聰敏／聪敏 (cōngmǐn)
* 聰明／聪明 (cōngmíng)
* 聰穎／聪颖 (cōngyǐng) (formal)
* 英明 (yīngmíng)
* 調皮／调皮 (tiáopí)
* 靈／灵 (líng)
* 靈光／灵光 ($^6$lin-kuaon) (Wu)
* 鬼 (guǐ) (informal)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 聰明, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 聰明, 機靈, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎, 聰慧 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 聰明 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 聰明 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 聰明 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 聰明 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 聰明 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 靈, 靈醒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 精靈, 聰明 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 聰明 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 聰明 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 聰明 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 聰明 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 聰明, 叻, 參 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 叻 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 伶俐, 叻 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 精, 扮𠮨 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 聰明, 精, 叻, 醒目, 扮𠮨 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 精靈, 聰明 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 聰明, 機靈 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 聰明 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 聰明 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 聰明 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 聰明, 精 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 聰明, 精 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 聰明 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 將 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 機靈, 聰明 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 聰明 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 聰明, 骨, 骨鳥 derogatory |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 聰明, 巧, 明白 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 聰明, 𠢕, 勥, 醒目, 巧 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 巧, 勥, 𠢕 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 精 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 精 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 聰明 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 聰明 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 靈, 聰明 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 靈泛, 聰明 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 聰明 |

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 精 | 靈 |
| せい Grade: 5 | れい Hyōgai |
| kan'on ||
Kanji in this term :
| 精 | 靈 |
| しょう Grade: 5 | りょう Hyōgai |
| goon ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 精靈 – see the following entry. :
| 【精霊せいれい】 | [noun] the spirit or soul of a thing [noun] the soul of someone who has died [noun] a supernatural spirit |
| 【精霊しょうりょう】 | [noun] (Buddhism) the soul of someone who has died [noun] (Buddhism) short for 精霊祭り (Shōryō matsuri), a festival honoring one's ancestors, held mainly on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month [noun] (Buddhism) short for 精霊蜻蛉 (Shōryō tonbo), general name given to various kinds of dragonfly that often appear around the time of the Shōryō Matsuri |
(This term, 精靈, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 精 | 靈 |

### Noun

精靈 • (jeongnyeong) (hangeul 정령)
* hanja form of 정령 (“spirit, soul”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 精 | 靈 |

### Noun

精靈
* chữ Hán form of tinh linh (“spirit, fairy”).