# 強國
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiángguó
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): koeng$^4$ gwok$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiángguó
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciángguó
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiang$^2$-kuo$^2$
*** Yale: chyáng-gwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyanggwo
*** Palladius: цянго (cjango)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: koeng$^4$ gwok$^3$
*** Yale: kèuhng gwok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: koeng$^4$ gwok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kêng$^4$ guog$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰœːŋ²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/
* Middle Chinese: gjang kwok
Rime :
| Character | 強 | 國 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 德 (132) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 巨良切 | 古或切 |
| Baxter | gjang | kwok |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨɐŋ/ | /kwək̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡiɐŋ/ | /kʷək̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiɑŋ/ | /kuək̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gɨaŋ/ | /kwək̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiaŋ/ | /kuək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭaŋ/ | /kuək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /gi̯aŋ/ | /kwək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiáng | guo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | koeng$^4$ | gwak$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaŋ kʷɯːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 強 | 國 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10318 | 5547 |
| Phonetic component | 强 | 或 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 強 | 國 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaŋ/ | /*kʷɯːɡ/ |
| Notes | 彊省聲而非弘聲， 通借爲彊 | |

### Noun

強國
* powerful nation; powerful country; power
       Xuéxí Qiángguó [Pinyin]
       Xuexi Qiangguo (2019 mobile app)
* tyrannical state
    From: Shuoyuan, circa 1st century BCE
    Wángzhě shàng qí dé ér bù qí xíng, bà zhě xíng dé bìng còu, qiángguó xiān qí xíng ér hòu dé. [Pinyin]
    Just rulers revere virtue and promulgate laws of penal justice accordinly. Hegemons make use of punishment and morals in parallel. A despotic country prioritizes punishments and treats virtue as secondary.

### Proper noun

強國
* (chiefly Hong Kong Cantonese, sarcastic) People's Republic of China; China

#### Synonyms

* (Cantonese) 贏國／赢国
* 中 (abbreviation)
* 中共國 / 中共国 (zhōnggòngguó) (derogatory)
* 中原 (Zhōngyuán)
* 中國 / 中国 (Zhōngguó)
* 中華 / 中华
* 九州 (Jiǔzhōu) (literary)
* 唐山 (Tángshān)
* 域中 (yùzhōng) (literary, figurative)
* 天下 (tiānxià) (lofty)
* 天朝 (Tiāncháo) (historical or Internet slang)
* 契弟 (qìdì) (Internet slang, derogatory)
* 德祐 (Déyòu) (Myanmar)
* 支那 (Zhīnà) (obsolete, now usually derogatory or offensive)
* 桃花石 (Táohuāshí) (obsolete)
* 牆國 / 墙国 (qiángguó) (Taiwan, derogatory, sarcastic)
* 猜拿 (Cāiná) (transliteration of English China)
* 神州 (Shénzhōu) (literary)
* 種花家 / 种花家 (Zhònghuājiā) (slang, humorous)
* 脂那 (Zhīnà) (obsolete)
* 至那 (Zhìnà) (obsolete)
* 華 / 华 (abbreviation)
* 華夏 / 华夏 (Huáxià)
* 諸夏 / 诸夏 (Zhūxià)
* 諸華 / 诸华 (Zhūhuá)
* 貴支 / 贵支 (guìzhī) (Mainland China, Internet slang, neologism, derogatory, sarcastic, offensive)
* 贏國 / 赢国 (Hong Kong, humorous, derogatory, sarcastic)
* 赤縣 / 赤县 (Chìxiàn) (literary)
* 赤縣神州 / 赤县神州 (Chìxiàn Shénzhōu) (literary)
* 震旦 (Zhèndàn) (archaic)

#### Derived terms

* 強國人 / 强国人 (qiángguórén)

### Verb

強國
* to make one's country more powerful

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 強国(きょうこく) (kyōkoku)
* → Korean: 강국(強國) (gangguk)
* → Vietnamese: cường quốc (強國)