# عوض
## Arabic

* Root
* ع و ض (ʕ w ḍ)
* 10 terms

### Verb

عَوَّضَ • (ʕawwaḍa) II (non-past يُعَوِّضُ (yuʕawwiḍu), verbal noun تَعْوِيض (taʕwīḍ))
* to offset, to compensate, to substitute, to replace, to make up for

#### Conjugation
### Noun

عَوْض • (ʕawḍ) m
* verbal noun of عَاضَ (ʕāḍa) (form I)
* (obsolete) time – because as it passes it substitutes another portion of time

#### Declension
### Adverb

عَوْضُ or عَوْضَ or عَوْضِ • (ʕawḍu or ʕawḍa or ʕawḍi)
* (obsolete) (with the present tense in the negative) ever, never, any time
    Synonym: أَبَدًا (ʔabadan)
    Coordinate term: قَطُّ (qaṭṭu)

### Noun

عِوَض • (ʕiwaḍ) m (plural أَعْوَاض (ʔaʕwāḍ))
* verbal noun of عَاضَ (ʕāḍa) (form I)
* substitute, something or someone instead of something or someone else

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: əvəz
* → Persian: عوض
** → Marathi: ऐवजी (aivjī)
** → Hindi: एवज़ (evaz)
* → Ottoman Turkish: عوض (ʼivâz)
** Turkish: ivaz
** ⇒ Ottoman Turkish: عیواض (ayvaz)
*** Turkish: ayvaz
* → Uzbek: evaz

### Preposition

عِوَضَ • (ʕiwaḍa)
* in lieu of, instead of, in exchange of, in exchange for, in compensation for

#### Inflection

Inflected forms :
| Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | Base form | عِوَضَ (ʕiwaḍa) |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Singular | Singular | Dual | Plural | Plural |
| Personal-pronoun- including forms | Masculine | Feminine | Common | Masculine | Feminine |
| First person | عِوَضِي (ʕiwaḍī) | عِوَضِي (ʕiwaḍī) | عِوَضَنَا (ʕiwaḍanā) | عِوَضَنَا (ʕiwaḍanā) | عِوَضَنَا (ʕiwaḍanā) |
| Second person | عِوَضَكَ (ʕiwaḍaka) | عِوَضَكِ (ʕiwaḍaki) | عِوَضَكُمَا (ʕiwaḍakumā) | عِوَضَكُمْ (ʕiwaḍakum) | عِوَضَكُنَّ (ʕiwaḍakunna) |
| Third person | عِوَضَهُ (ʕiwaḍahu) | عِوَضَهَا (ʕiwaḍahā) | عِوَضَهُمَا (ʕiwaḍahumā) | عِوَضَهُمْ (ʕiwaḍahum) | عِوَضَهُنَّ (ʕiwaḍahunna) |

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عِوَض (ʕiwaḍ, “substitute”). Doublet of عیواض (ʼayvaz, “servant”).

### Noun

عوض • (ʼivâz) (definite accusative عوضی (ʼivâzı), plural اعواض (eʼvâz))
* substitution, replacement, the act of supplying or substituting an equivalent for
* substitute, replacement, a person or thing that takes the place of another
* exchange, trade, an instance of bartering items in exchange for one another
* equivalent, anything that is virtually equal in value or force to something else

#### Derived terms

* بلا عوض (bilâ ʼivâz, “gratuitously”)
* عوضاً (ʼivâzen, “in substitution, in exchange”)
* عوضنه ویرمك (ʼivâzına virmek, “to give in exchange”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: ivaz

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “عوض”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 374
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “ivaz2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2272
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “ivaz”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 566
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “عوض”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 864
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Retributio”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1479
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “عوض”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3351
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ivaz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “عوض”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1328

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic عِوَض (ʕiwaḍ).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔi.ˈwaz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪ.wǽz]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪ.wǽz]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɪ.wǽz]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔi.wǽz]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔæ.vǽz]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔi.vǽz]

### Noun

| Dari | عوض |
| Iranian Persian | عوض |
| Tajik | иваз |
عوض • ('avaz) (plural اعواض (a'vāz) or عوض‌ها ('avaz-hâ))
* substitute
* exchange
* compensation, reward, return
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی, volume II, verse 898:جود جمله از عوضها دیدن است پس عوض دیدن ضد ترسیدن استjūd jumla az awaz-hā dīdan ast pas awaz dīdan zid-i tarsīdan astAll munificence is from seeing compensations; therefore seeing the compensation is opposed to fearing.

#### Derived terms

* عوض کردن ('avaz kardan, “to change, exchange”)
* بلاعوض (belâ-avaz, “ex gratia”)

### References

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “عوض”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ع و ض
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic عَوَّضَ (ʕawwaḍa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕaw.wadˤ/, [ˈʕaw.wɑdˤ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

عوّض • (ʕawwaḍ) II (present بعوّض (biʕawweḍ))
* to compensate

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of عوّض (ʕawwaḍ) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | عوّضت (ʕawwaḍt) | عوّضت (ʕawwaḍt) | عوّض (ʕawwaḍ) | عوّضنا (ʕawwaḍna) | عوّضتو (ʕawwaḍtu) | عوّضو (ʕawwaḍu) |
| past | f | عوّضت (ʕawwaḍt) | عوّضتي (ʕawwaḍti) | عوّضت (ʕawwaḍat) | عوّضنا (ʕawwaḍna) | عوّضتو (ʕawwaḍtu) | عوّضو (ʕawwaḍu) |
| present | m | بعوّض (baʕawweḍ) | بتعوّض (bitʕawweḍ) | بعوّض (biʕawweḍ) | منعوّض (minʕawweḍ) | بتعوّضو (bitʕawwḍu) | بعوّضو (biʕawwḍu) |
| present | f | بعوّض (baʕawweḍ) | بتعوّضي (bitʕawwḍi) | بتعوّض (bitʕawweḍ) | منعوّض (minʕawweḍ) | بتعوّضو (bitʕawwḍu) | بعوّضو (biʕawwḍu) |
| subjunctive | m | اعوّض (aʕawweḍ) | تعوّض (tʕawweḍ) | يعوّض (yʕawweḍ) | نعوّض (nʕawweḍ) | تعوّضو (tʕawwḍu) | يعوّضو (yʕawwḍu) |
| subjunctive | f | اعوّض (aʕawweḍ) | تعوّضي (tʕawwḍi) | تعوّض (tʕawweḍ) | نعوّض (nʕawweḍ) | تعوّضو (tʕawwḍu) | يعوّضو (yʕawwḍu) |
| imperative | m | | عوّض (ʕawweḍ) | | | عوّضو (ʕawwḍu) | |
| imperative | f | | عوّضي (ʕawwḍi) | | | عوّضو (ʕawwḍu) | |