# 難受
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): nánshòu
       (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ ㄕㄡˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nan$^2$ sou$^4$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): nánsōu
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): lánsou / lánsōu
* Cantonese (Jyutping): naan$^4$ sau$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lân-siǔ / lân-siū
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): naan$^4$ sau$^6$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lan$^2$ shou$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: nánshòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄕㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nánshòu
*** Wade–Giles: nan$^2$-shou$^4$
*** Yale: nán-shòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanshow
*** Palladius: наньшоу (nanʹšou)
*** Sinological IPA : /nän³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nan$^2$ sou$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lansou
*** Sinological IPA : /nan²¹ səu²¹³/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: nánsōu
*** Sinological IPA : /nã²⁴ sɤu⁵⁵/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: lánsou [Phonetic: lǎnsou] / lánsōu
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): lan$^2$ sou$^0$ [Phonetic: lan$^3$ sou$^0$] / lan$^2$ sou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lã²⁴⁻¹¹ səɯ/, /lã²⁴ səɯ⁴⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: naan$^4$ sau$^6$
*** Yale: nàahn sauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: naan$^4$ sau$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nan$^4$ seo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /naːn²¹ sɐu̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lân-siǔ
*** Tâi-lô: lân-siǔ
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lan²⁴⁻²² siu²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lân-siū
*** Tâi-lô: lân-siū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lansiu
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lan¹³⁻²² siu²²/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lan²⁴⁻²² siu²²/
* Southern Pinghua
** (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
*** Jyutping++: naan$^4$ sau$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /nan²¹ səu²²/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: lan$^2$ shou$^5$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /l̃an¹³ ʂəu̯²¹⁻¹¹/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /l̃an¹³ səu̯²¹⁻¹¹/

### Adjective

難受
* uncomfortable; difficult to bear
* ill; unwell
* sad; unhappy

#### Synonyms

* (uncomfortable; difficult to bear):
** 不舒服 (bùshūfu)
** (Cantonese, Liuzhou Mandarin, Nanning Pinghua) 難頂／难顶
** (Cantonese, Hakka) 難捱／难捱
** (Cantonese) 惡抵／恶抵
** (Hainanese) 惡耐／恶耐
* (sad):
* 京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
* 傷心／伤心 (shāngxīn)
* 傷悲／伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
* 傷感／伤感 (shānggǎn)
* 傷懷／伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
* 傷痛／伤痛 (shāngtòng)
* 傷神／伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
* 刺心 (cìxīn)
* 哀傷／哀伤 (āishāng)
* 哀切 (āiqiè)
* 哀怨 (āiyuàn)
* 哀悽／哀凄 (āiqī)
* 哀慟／哀恸 (āitòng)
* 哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
* 哀痛 (āitòng)
* 哀苦 (āikǔ)
* 心酸 (xīnsuān)
* 怛傷／怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
* 悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
* 情傷／情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
* 悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
* 悲傷／悲伤 (bēishāng)
* 悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
* 悲哀 (bēi'āi)
* 悲悽／悲凄 (bēiqī)
* 悱惻／悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
* 悽惶／凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
* 悽愴／凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
* 悲愴／悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
* 悲慘／悲惨 (bēicǎn)
* 悲慟／悲恸 (bēitòng)
* 悲戚 (bēiqī)
* 悽戚／凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
* 悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
* 悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
* 悲涼／悲凉 (bēiliáng)
* 悲痛 (bēitòng)
* 悲苦 (bēikǔ)
* 感傷／感伤 (gǎnshāng)
* 愀愴／愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
* 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
* 惻然／恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
* 愴然／怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
* 慘／惨 (cǎn)
* 憂傷／忧伤 (yōushāng)
* 慘悽／惨凄 (cǎnqī)
* 憂愁／忧愁 (yōuchóu)
* 憂戚／忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
* 慘淡／惨淡 (cǎndàn)
* 憯懍／憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
* 懤懤／㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
* 沉痛 (chéntòng)
* 淒切／凄切 (qīqiè)
* 淒惻／凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
* 淒慘／凄惨 (qīcǎn)
* 淒楚／凄楚 (qīchǔ)
* 淒涼／凄凉 (qīliáng)
* 淒然／凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
* 痛心 (tòngxīn)
* 艱苦心／艰苦心 (Hokkien)
* 蒼涼／苍凉 (cāngliáng)
* 酸心 (suānxīn)
* 難過／难过 (nánguò)
* 青凊 (Hokkien)
* 黯然 (ànrán)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “uncomfortable”): 舒服 (shūfu), 痛快 (tòngkuài), 爽 (shuǎng), 爽快 (shuǎngkuài)
* (antonym(s) of “sad”): 開心／开心 (kāixīn), 高興／高兴 (gāoxìng)

#### Related terms

* 痛苦 (tòngkǔ)