# mandra
## Catalan
### Etymology

Inherited from Latin mandra (“flock”). Compare the Italian expression darsi alla mandra (“to give oneself to idleness”, literally “to give oneself to the herd”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [ˈman.dɾə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [ˈman.dɾa]
* Audio (Barcelona):(file)

### Noun

mandra f (plural mandres)
* laziness
    Synonyms: peresa, accídia
** 2002, Albert Sánchez Piñol, chapter 8, in La pell freda, La Campana, →ISBN:Ella no es movia del seu matalàs de molsa. Mirava el cel i estirava els braços, amb mandra.She didn't move from her mossy mattress. She looked at the sky, lazily streching her arms.

#### Derived terms

* mandrejar
* mandrós

### Further reading

* “mandra” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “mandra” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Italian
### Noun

mandra f (plural mandre)
* (uncommon) Alternative form of mandria (“herd”)

### Further reading

* mandra in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
* mandra in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa

## Javanese
### Romanization

mandra
* Romanization of ꦩꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek μάνδρα (mándra, “enclosed space; barn”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈman.dra/, [ˈmän̪d̪rä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈman.dra/, [ˈmän̪d̪rä]

### Noun

mandra f (genitive mandrae); first declension
* (poetic) a stall or pen for cattle
* a column or train of pack animals
* an enclosure used in the board game Ludus latrunculorum

#### Declension

First-declension noun.

#### Descendants

* Catalan: mandra
* Italian: mandria, mandra
* Sardinian: mandra
* → Albanian: mandër
* → Old Irish: mainder
** Irish: mainnear

### References

* “mandra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “mandra”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* mandra in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* mandra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Leschber, Corinna (2011) “Zeitliche Tiefe etymologischer Bezüge [Time depth in etymological research]”, in Linguistique Balkanique‎ (in German), volume 50, numbers 2–3, Sofia, pages 75–78
* “mandra”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

## Maltese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian mandra, variant of mandria, from Latin mandra, from Ancient Greek μάνδρα (mándra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈman.dra/

### Noun

mandra f (plural mnadar, paucal mandriet, diminutive mnajdra)
* an outdoors pen, traditionally in the courtyard of a farmhouse, used mostly for small livestock such as chickens, goats, etc.
* a plot of ground at the back of a farmhouse
* mess, disorder

#### Alternative forms

* mandar (mess, disorder)

### See also

* maqjel
* stalla

## Occitan
### Etymology

Probably from Provençal mandrat/mandre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmandɾo]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

mandra f (plural mandras)
* fox

#### Dialectal variants

* guèine
* rainal
* volp
* rainard

### References

* ↑ https://www.lexilogos.com/provencal/felibrige.php?q=mandrat