# 齔

| 齔 | U+9F54, &#40788; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F54 |
| ← 齓 [U+9F53] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 齕 → [U+9F55] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 齔 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𮮾 |
| Simplified | 龀 |

### Han character

齔 (Kangxi radical 211, 齒+2, 17 strokes, cangjie input 卜山心 (YUP), four-corner 2171$_0$, composition ⿰齒匕)

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1532, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48587
* Dae Jaweon: page 2070, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4789, character 5
* Unihan data for U+9F54

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 齔 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chèn (chen$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): can$^3$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ceng$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhín
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chèn
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chèn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻên$^4$
*** Yale: chèn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chenn
*** Palladius: чэнь (čɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰən⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: can$^3$
*** Yale: chan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsan$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cen$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐn³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: ceng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhín
*** Tâi-lô: tshín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chien
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰin⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰin⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰin⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰin⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰin⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: tsrhinX, tsrhinH
Rime :
| Character | 齔 | 齔 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 初 (19) | 初 (19) |
| Final (韻) | 臻 (46) | 臻 (46) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 初謹切 | 初覲切 |
| Baxter | tsrhinX | tsrhinH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃʰɪn$^X$/ | /t͡ʃʰɪn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂʰɪn$^X$/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰɪn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃʰien$^X$/ | /t͡ʃʰien$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂʰin$^X$/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰin$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃʰiĕn$^X$/ | /t͡ʃʰiĕn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃʰĭen$^X$/ | /t͡ʃʰĭen$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂʰi̯æn$^X$/ | /ʈ͡ʂʰi̯æn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chěn | chèn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | can$^2$ | can$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰrinʔ/, /*spʰrins?/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 齔 | 齔 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 1399 | 1400 |
| Phonetic component | 齔 | 齔 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 齔 | 櫬 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰrinʔ/ | /*spʰrins?/ |
| Notes | 原列隱韻 | |

### Definitions

齔
* (literary) to teethe, to lose baby teeth and get permanent teeth

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 齔, 齠齒 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 換牙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 替牙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 換牙, 換牙齒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 換牙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 換牙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 換牙齒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 換牙 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 換牙 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 換牙齒, 換牙 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 換牙齒 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 換牙齒 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 換牙 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 換牙齒 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 換牙齒 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 換牙 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 換牙齒 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 換牙 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 換齒, 蛻齒 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 換齒, 蛻齒 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 換奶齒, 換齒 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 換齒, 褪齒 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 換齒 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 換牙齒 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 換牙齒 |

### Compounds

* 悼齔 / 悼龀 (dàochèn)
* 既齔 / 既龀
* 未齔 / 未龀
* 沖齔 / 冲龀
* 童齔 / 童龀
* 髫齔 / 髫龀 (tiáochèn)
* 齔年 / 龀年
* 齔歲 / 龀岁
* 齔童 / 龀童
* 齔髫 / 龀髫
* 齔齒 / 龀齿
* 齠齔 / 龆龀 (tiáochèn)

### References

* “齔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “龀”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 29.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 𮮾 |
| Kyūjitai | 齔 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𮮾)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: しん (shin)
* Kan-on: しん (shin)
* Kun: かけば (kakeba, 齔)、おさない (osanai, 齔い)

## Korean
### Hanja

齔 (eumhun 이 갈 친 (i gal chin)) 齔 (eumhun 이 갈 츤 (i gal cheun))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* Naver Hanja Dictionary: 齔

## Vietnamese
### Han character

齔: Hán Việt readings: sấn
齔: Nôm readings: sấn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* Nom Foundation