# 蹄

| 蹄 | U+8E44, &#36420; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8E44 |
| ← 蹃 [U+8E43] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蹅 → [U+8E45] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蹄 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口一卜月月 (RMYBB), four-corner 6012$_7$, composition ⿰𧾷帝)

#### Derived characters

* 𧀰, 𬖀

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1230, character 23
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37724
* Dae Jaweon: page 1702, character 25
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3725, character 9
* Unihan data for U+8E44

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 膪 | *rtaːɡs, *rteːɡs |
| 揥 | *tʰeds, *teː |
| 腣 | *teː, *teːɡs |
| 諦 | *teːɡs |
| 偙 | *teːɡs |
| 渧 | *teːɡs |
| 帝 | *teːɡs |
| 楴 | *tʰeːɡs |
| 啼 | *deː |
| 蹄 | *deː |
| 締 | *deː, *deːɡs |
| 崹 | *deː |
| 鶙 | *deː |
| 禘 | *deːɡs |
| 啻 | *hljeɡs |
| 嫡 | *rteɡ, *teːɡ |
| 摘 | *rteːɡ, *tʰeːɡ |
| 謫 | *rteːɡ |
| 讁 | *rteːɡ |
| 擿 | *deɡ |
| 蹢 | *deɡ, *teːɡ |
| 適 | *tjeɡ, *hljeɡ, *teːɡ |
| 啇 | *teːɡ |
| 滴 | *teːɡ |
| 鏑 | *teːɡ |
| 甋 | *teːɡ |
| 樀 | *teːɡ, *deːɡ |
| 敵 | *deːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deː) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 帝 (OC *teːɡs).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): tí (ti$^2$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˊ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ти (ti, I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tai$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thài
* Eastern Min (BUC): dà̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tê
    (Teochew, Peng'im): doi$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$di
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tí
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tí
*** Wade–Giles: tʻi$^2$
*** Yale: tí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyi
*** Palladius: ти (ti)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tír
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˊㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tír
*** Wade–Giles: tʻi$^2$-ʼrh
*** Yale: tír
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyel
*** Palladius: тир (tir)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiə̯ɻ³⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ти (ti, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tai$^4$
*** Yale: tàih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɐi̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thài
*** Hakka Romanization System: tai$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tai$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: dà̤
*** Sinological IPA : /tɛ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tê
*** Tâi-lô: tê
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dee
*** IPA (Xiamen): /te²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /te²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /te¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /te²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /te²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: doi$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tôi
*** Sinological IPA : /toi⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$di
*** MiniDict: di$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$di
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /di²³/
* Middle Chinese: dej
Rime :
| Character | 蹄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 杜奚切 |
| Baxter | dej |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dei/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dei/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɛi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dɛj/ |
| Li Rong | /dei/ |
| Wang Li | /diei/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱiei/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tai$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*deː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蹄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2316 |
| Phonetic component | 帝 |
| Rime group | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嗁 |
| Old Chinese | /*deː/ |
| Notes | 同蹏 |

#### Definitions

蹄
* hoof
    蹄子 ― tízi ― hoof
    馬蹄／马蹄 ― mǎtí ― horse's hoof
* leg of pork
* (derogatory) wench (clarification of this definition is needed)

#### Compounds

* 係蹄／系蹄
* 偶蹄目
* 口蹄疫 (kǒutíyì)
* 四馬攢蹄／四马攒蹄
* 奇蹄目
* 奎蹄
* 小蹄子
* 攢蹄／攒蹄
* 敦蹄刷腳／敦蹄刷脚
* 有蹄類／有蹄类
* 泯耳攢蹄／泯耳攒蹄
* 涔蹄
* 漏蹄
* 爪蹄類／爪蹄类
* 牛蹄中魚／牛蹄中鱼
* 牛蹄子
* 筌蹄
* 羊蹄
* 羊蹄甲
* 荃蹄
* 裊蹄／袅蹄
* 褭蹄／袅蹄
* 豚蹄
* 豚蹄穰田
* 赫蹄
* 跑蹄
* 跑蹄剪尾
* 蹄子 (tízi)
* 蹄筋 (tíjīn)
* 蹄筌
* 蹄聲／蹄声
* 蹄膀
* 蹄花
* 蹶蹄
* 輪蹄／轮蹄
* 鐵蹄／铁蹄 (tiětí)
* 霜蹄
* 馬不停蹄／马不停蹄 (mǎbùtíngtí)
* 馬失前蹄／马失前蹄 (mǎshīqiántí)
* 馬蹄／马蹄 (mǎtí)
* 馬蹄形／马蹄形
* 馬蹄表／马蹄表
* 馬蹄袖／马蹄袖
* 馬蹄金／马蹄金 (mǎtíjīn)
* 馬蹄銀／马蹄银
* 馬蹄鐵／马蹄铁 (mǎtítiě)
* 騉蹄／𫘥蹄
* 驢蹄兒／驴蹄儿

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dì (di$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dì
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dì
*** Wade–Giles: ti$^4$
*** Yale: dì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dih
*** Palladius: ди (di)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti⁵¹/

#### Definitions

蹄
* (obsolete) to kick

### See also

* 蹢 (dí)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* hoof

#### Readings

* Go-on: だい (dai)
* Kan-on: てい (tei)
* Kun: ひづめ (hizume, 蹄)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 蹄
* ひづめ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
Compound of ひ (hi, of indeterminate origin) +‎ 爪 (tsume, “nail, claw”). The tsume changes to zume as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Compare the formation of related terms 平爪 (hirazume, “nail”, literally “flat nail”), 鉤爪 (kagizume, “claw”, literally “hook nail”).
First cited to roughly 934 CE in the Wamyō Ruijushō.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひづめ [hìzúmé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [çizɨme̞]

### Noun

蹄(ひづめ) • (hizume)
* a hoof
* (figurative, uncommon) an excellent horse, a fast horse
    Synonym: 駿馬 (shunme)
* (rare) an ungulate, a hoofed animal
    Synonyms: (an ungulate, a hoofed animal) 有蹄動物 (yūtei dōbutsu), (ungulate as a type of animal) 有蹄類 (yūteirui)

### References

* 1 2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

蹄 • (je) (hangeul 제)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

蹄: Hán Nôm readings: đề, đế
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.