# 完全
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): wánquán
       (Zhuyin): ㄨㄢˊ ㄑㄩㄢˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wan$^2$ quan$^2$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun$^4$ cyun$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vàn-chhiòn
* Eastern Min (BUC): uòng-ciòng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): oân-choân
    (Teochew, Peng'im): uang$^5$ cuang$^5$ / uêng$^5$ cuêng$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$woe-zhi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wánquán
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄢˊ ㄑㄩㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wáncyuán
*** Wade–Giles: wan$^2$-chʻüan$^2$
*** Yale: wán-chywán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wanchyuan
*** Palladius: ваньцюань (vanʹcjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /wän³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: wan$^2$ quan$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uankuan
*** Sinological IPA : /uan²¹ t͡ɕʰyan²¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^4$ cyun$^4$
*** Yale: yùhn chyùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^4$ tsyn$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^4$ qun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn²¹ t͡sʰyːn²¹/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$完全 源泉
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vàn-chhiòn
*** Hakka Romanization System: van$^ˇ$ qion$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: van$^2$ qion$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /van¹¹ t͡sʰi̯on¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: uòng-ciòng
*** Sinological IPA : /uoŋ⁵³⁻³³ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒuoŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oân-choân
*** Tâi-lô: uân-tsuân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oanzoaan
*** IPA (Xiamen): /uan²⁴⁻²² t͡suan²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /uan²⁴⁻²² t͡suan²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan¹³⁻²² t͡suan¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /uan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡suan²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /uan²³⁻³³ t͡suan²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: uang$^5$ cuang$^5$ / uêng$^5$ cuêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uâng tshuâng / uêng tshuêng
*** Sinological IPA : /uaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰuaŋ⁵⁵/, /ueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰueŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$woe-zhi
*** MiniDict: woe$^去$ zhi
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhuoe-xxi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦuø²² ʑi⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: hwan dzjwen
Rime :
| Character | 完 | 全 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) | 仙 (78) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 胡官切 | 疾緣切 |
| Baxter | hwan | dzjwen |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuɑn/ | /d͡ziuᴇn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷɑn/ | /d͡zʷiɛn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɑn/ | /d͡zjuæn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwan/ | /d͡zwian/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuɑn/ | /d͡ziuɛn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuɑn/ | /d͡zĭwɛn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣuɑn/ | /d͡zʱi̯wɛn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huán | quán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wun$^4$ | cyun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤo[n] [dz]o[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɦŋoːn zlon/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 完 | 全 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wán | quán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hwan › | ‹ dzjwen › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ˁo[n]/ | /*[dz]o[n]/ |
| English | finish (v.) | complete (adj.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 完 | 全 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 16125 | 10718 |
| Phonetic component | 元 | 全 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 桓 | 全 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɦŋoːn/ | /*zlon/ |

### Adverb

完全
* completely; absolutely; entirely
    完全正確／完全正确 ― wánquán zhèngquè ― absolutely correct
    我完全清醒。 ― Wǒ wánquán qīngxǐng. ― I'm wide awake.
    他完全不知情。 ― Tā wánquán bù zhīqíng. ― He is completely unaware of this.
       Tā de gēshēng tài hǎotīng le, wǒ wánquán bèi tā zhēngfú le. [Pinyin]
       His singing voice captivated me.
       Zhīshí bù yīdìng wánquán láizì yú xuéxiào de jiàoyù, shèhuì yě shì ge dàxué ma. [Pinyin]
       Knowledge does not come from schooling alone. Society is a kind of university.

#### Synonyms

* 全然 (quánrán)
* 簡直 / 简直 (jiǎnzhí) (chiefly in exaggerations)
* 純 / 纯
* 純然 / 纯然
* 純粹 / 纯粹 (chúncuì)
* 貼准 ($^7$tiq-tsen) (Wu)
* 逕直 / 迳直 (jìngzhí) (literary)

### Adjective

完全
* complete
    設施完全。／设施完全。 ― Shèshī wánquán. ― The facilities are complete.

#### Synonyms

* 了當 / 了当 (liǎodàng)
* 俱備 / 俱备 (jùbèi) (literary)
* 全 (quán)
* 全備 / 全备 (quánbèi)
* 全部 (quánbù) (attributive)
* 加尼 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 十足 (shízú)
* 囫圇 / 囫囵 (húlún)
* 囫圇個 / 囫囵个 (húlúngè) (colloquial)
* 妥 (tuǒ)
* 完 (wán)
* 完備 / 完备 (wánbèi)
* 完具 (wánjù) (literary)
* 完整 (wánzhěng)
* 實足 / 实足 (shízú)
* 掃 / 扫 (literary, or in compounds)
* 整 (zhěng)
* 整個 / 整个 (zhěnggè) (attributive)
* 整齊 / 整齐 (zhěngqí)
* 渾然 / 浑然 (húnrán)
* 滿 / 满 (mǎn)
* 齊備 / 齐备 (qíbèi)
* 齊備 / 齐备 (chiâu-pī) (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 齊全 / 齐全 (chiâu-chn̂g) (Hokkien)
* 齊全 / 齐全 (qíquán)

#### Antonyms

* 殘缺／残缺 (cánquē)

### Derived terms

* 完全小學 / 完全小学
* 完完全全 (wánwánquánquán)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 完全(かんぜん) (kanzen)
* → Korean: 완전(完全) (wanjeon)
* → Vietnamese: hoàn toàn (完全)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 完 | 全 |
| かん Grade: 4 | ぜん Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かんぜん [kàńzéń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kã̠nd͡zẽ̞ɴ]

### Adjective

完(かん)全(ぜん) • (kanzen) -na (adnominal 完(かん)全(ぜん)な (kanzen na), adverbial 完(かん)全(ぜん)に (kanzen ni))
* perfect, completed
    完全(かんぜん)に負(ま)けた。
       Kanzen ni maketa.
       I've completely lost.
    完全(かんぜん)な説明(せつめい)が必要(ひつよう)だ。
       Kanzen na setsumei ga hitsuyō da.
       A complete explanation is necessary.
    これは完全(かんぜん)な密室(みっしつ)だ。
       Kore wa kanzen na misshitsu da.
       This is a completely locked room.

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 完全だろ | かんぜんだろ | kanzen daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 完全で | かんぜんで | kanzen de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 完全だ | かんぜんだ | kanzen da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 完全な | かんぜんな | kanzen na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 完全なら | かんぜんなら | kanzen nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 完全であれ | かんぜんであれ | kanzen de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 完全ではない 完全じゃない | かんぜんではない かんぜんじゃない | kanzen de wa nai kanzen ja nai |
| Informal past | 完全だった | かんぜんだった | kanzen datta |
| Informal negative past | 完全ではなかった 完全じゃなかった | かんぜんではなかった かんぜんじゃなかった | kanzen de wa nakatta kanzen ja nakatta |
| Formal | 完全です | かんぜんです | kanzen desu |
| Formal negative | 完全ではありません 完全じゃありません | かんぜんではありません かんぜんじゃありません | kanzen de wa arimasen kanzen ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 完全でした | かんぜんでした | kanzen deshita |
| Formal negative past | 完全ではありませんでした 完全じゃありませんでした | かんぜんではありませんでした かんぜんじゃありませんでした | kanzen de wa arimasen deshita kanzen ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 完全で | かんぜんで | kanzen de |
| Conditional | 完全なら（ば） | かんぜんなら（ば） | kanzen nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 完全だったら | かんぜんだったら | kanzen dattara |
| Volitional | 完全だろう | かんぜんだろう | kanzen darō |
| Adverbial | 完全に | かんぜんに | kanzen ni |
| Degree | 完全さ | かんぜんさ | kanzensa |

### Noun

完(かん)全(ぜん) • (kanzen)
* completeness
* perfection
    完全主義者(かんぜんしゅぎしゃ)は完全(かんぜん)を目指(めざ)す。
       Kanzenshugisha wa kanzen o mezasu.
       Perfectionists seek perfection.

#### Synonyms

* 完璧(かんぺき) (kanpeki)
* 全(まった)く (mattaku)

#### Antonyms

* 残欠(ざんけつ) (zanketsu, “defect, defectiveness”)
* 不完全(ふかんぜん) (fukanzen, “defectiveness”)

#### Derived terms

* 完全性(かんぜんせい) (kanzensei)
* 完全無欠(かんぜんむけつ) (kanzenmuketsu)
* 完全主義(かんぜんしゅぎ) (kanzenshugi)
* 完全主義者(かんぜんしゅぎしゃ) (kanzenshugisha)

#### See also

* 万全(ばんぜん) (banzen)
* 完成(かんせい) (kansei)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 完 | 全 |

### Noun

完全 • (wanjeon) (hangeul 완전)
* hanja form of 완전 (“perfection”)

### Adverb

完全 • (wanjeon) (hangeul 완전)
* hanja form of 완전 (“absolutely; completely; totally”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 完 | 全 |

### Adjective

完全
* chữ Hán form of hoàn toàn (“complete; entire; full; perfect”).

### Adverb

完全
* chữ Hán form of hoàn toàn (“completely; entirely”).