OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# algebraic integer
## English
### Noun

algebraic integer (plural algebraic integers)
* (algebra, number theory) A real or complex number (more generally, an element of a number field) which is a root of a monic polynomial whose coefficients are integers; equivalently, an algebraic number whose minimal polynomial (lowest-degree polynomial of which it is a root and whose leading coefficient is 1) has integer coefficients.
    A Gaussian integer $z=a+ib$ is an algebraic integer since it is a solution of either the equation $z^{2}+(-2a)z+(a^{2}+b^{2})=0$ or the equation $z-a=0$.
** 1984, Alan Baker, A Concise Introduction to the Theory of Numbers, Cambridge University Press, page 62:An algebraic number is said to be an algebraic integer if the coefficient of the highest power of $x$ in the minimal polynomial $P$ is 1. The algebraic integers in an algebraic number field $k$ form a ring $R$.
** 1989, Heinrich Rolletschek, Shortest Division Chains in Imaginary Quadratic Number Fields, Patrizia Gianni (editor), Symbolic and Algebraic Computation: International Symposium, Springer, LNCS 358, page 231,
    Let $O_{d}$ be the set of algebraic integers in an imaginary quadratic number field $\mathbb {Q} [{\sqrt {d}}],\ d<0$, where $d$ is the discriminant of $O_{d}$.
** 2010, Pierre Moussa, “Localisation of algebraic integers and polynomial iteration”, in Sergiy Kolyada, Yuri Nanin, Martin Möller, Pieter Moree, Thomas Ward, editors, Dynamical Numbers: Interplay Between Dynamical Systems and Number Theory, American Mathematical Society, page 83:We consider the problem of finding all algebraic integers which belong to a bounded subset of the complex plane together with their conjugates.

#### Hypernyms

* algebraic number

#### Hyponyms

* cyclotomic integer
* phi, golden ratio
* quadratic integer
** Gaussian integer, Eisenstein integer
*** integer, rational integer
* root of unity

#### Holonyms

* ring of integers

#### Related terms

* quadratic integer

#### Translations
### Further reading

* algebraic integer on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Algebraic number on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Eisenstein integer on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Gaussian integer on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Integral element on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* algebraic integer on nLab
* Algebraic Integer on Wolfram MathWorld
# algebraically closed
## English
### Adjective

algebraically closed (not comparable)
* (algebra, field theory, of a field) Which contains as an element every root of every nonconstant univariate polynomial definable over it (i.e., over said field).
    The fundamental theorem of algebra states that the field of complex numbers, $\mathbb {C}$, is algebraically closed.
** 2007, Pierre Antoine Grillet, Abstract Algebra, 2nd edition, Springer, page 166:Definition. A field is algebraically closed when it satisfies the equivalent conditions in Proposition 4.1. $\square$ For instance, the fundamental theorem of algebra (Theorem III.8.11) states that $\mathbb {C}$ is algebraically closed. The fields $\mathbb {R}$, $\mathbb {Q}$, $\mathbb {Z} _{p}$, are not algebraically closed, but $\mathbb {R}$ and $\mathbb {Q}$ can be embedded into the algebraically closed field $\mathbb {C}$.
** 2008, M. Ram Murty, Problems in Analytic Number Theory, 2nd edition, Springer, page 155:In many ways $\mathbb {Q} _{p}$ is analogous to $\mathbb {R}$. For example, $\mathbb {R}$ is not algebraically closed. The exercises below show that $\mathbb {Q} _{p}$ is not algebraically closed. However, by adjoining $i={\sqrt {-1}}$ to $\mathbb {R}$, we get the field of complex numbers, which is algebraically closed. In contrast, the algebraic closure ${\overline {\mathbb {Q} }}_{p}$ of $\mathbb {Q} _{p}$ is not of finite degree over $\mathbb {Q}$. Moreover, $\mathbb {C}$ is complete with respect to the extension of the usual norm of $\mathbb {R}$. Unfortunately, ${\overline {\mathbb {Q} }}_{p}$ is not complete with respect to the extension of the p-adic norm. So after completing it (via the usual method of Cauchy sequences) we get a still larger field, usually denoted by $\mathbb {C} _{p}$, and it turns out to be both algebraically closed and complete.
** 2015, Martyn R. Dixon, Leonid A. Kurdachenko, Igor Ya Subbotin, An Introduction to Essential Algebraic Structures, Wiley, page 195:Definition 5.3.14. Let $F$ be a field. A field extension $P$ is called an algebraic closure of $F$ if $P$ is algebraically closed and every proper subfield of $P$ containing $F$ is not algebraically closed. In other words, the algebraic closure of $F$ is the minimal algebraically closed field containing $F$.
* (algebra, group theory, of a group) Such that any finite set of equations and inequations has a solution.

#### Further reading

* Algebraic closure on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# ambassadress
## English
### Etymology

From ambassador +‎ -ess.

### Noun

ambassadress (plural ambassadresses)
* (dated) A female ambassador.
* The wife of an ambassador.

#### Synonyms

* (very rare) ambassadrix, ambassadrice, ambassatrix, ambassatrice
* embassadress
# aminophylline
## English
### Noun

aminophylline (usually uncountable, plural aminophyllines)
* (pharmacology) A bronchodilator comprising theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.
# anadiplosis
## English
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin anadiplōsis, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀναδίπλωσις (anadíplōsis).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌænədəˈploʊsɪs/
* Rhymes: -əʊsɪs

### Noun

anadiplosis (countable and uncountable, plural anadiploses)
* (rhetoric) A figure of speech in which a word or phrase used at the end of a clause or expression is repeated near the beginning of the next clause or expression.
** [1835, L[arret] Langley, A Manual of the Figures of Rhetoric, […], Doncaster: Printed by C. White, Baxter-Gate, →OCLC, page 80:Anadiplosis ends the former line With what the next does for its first design.]

#### Usage notes

Frequently combined with (but distinct from) climax, so that each step of the anadiplosis typically increases in magnitude or rhetorical force, with the effect of making the last term more powerful by comparison.

#### Translations
### See also

* epanadiplosis
* epanastrophe

### References

* Silva Rhetoricae

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin anadiplōsis, from Ancient Greek ἀναδίπλωσις (anadíplōsis).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /anadiˈplosis/ [a.na.ð̞iˈplo.sis]
* Rhymes: -osis
* Syllabification: a‧na‧di‧plo‧sis

### Noun

anadiplosis f (plural anadiplosis)
* (rhetoric) anadiplosis

### Further reading

* “anadiplosis”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28
# antisystem
## English
### Etymology

From anti- +‎ system.

### Adjective

antisystem (comparative more antisystem, superlative most antisystem)
* Opposing a political system.

#### Translations
### Noun

antisystem (plural antisystems)
* A system that opposes or counteracts another.
# antiabortionist
## English
### Alternative forms

* anti-abortionist

### Etymology

From antiabortion +‎ -ist or anti- +‎ abortionist.

### Noun

antiabortionist (plural antiabortionists)
* One who is opposed to the practice of abortion, or to it being legal.
    Antonym: abortionist

#### Synonyms

* antichoicer (derogatory)
* fetus fetishist (derogatory)
* forced-birther (derogatory)
* pro-lifer
* right-to-lifer

#### See also

* proabortionist
# eretico
## Italian
### Etymology

From Medieval Latin, Ecclesiastical Latin hēreticus, haereticus, from Ancient Greek αἱρετικός (hairetikós, “able to choose”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eˈrɛ.ti.ko/
* Rhymes: -ɛtiko
* Hyphenation: e‧rè‧ti‧co

### Adjective

eretico (feminine eretica, masculine plural eretici, feminine plural eretiche)
* heretical
    Synonym: ereticale

#### Derived terms

* ereticamente

### Noun

eretico m (plural eretici, feminine eretica)
* heretic

#### Related terms

* eresia

### Further reading

* eretico in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
* eretico in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
* eretico in Aldo Gabrielli, Grandi Dizionario Italiano (Hoepli)
* eretico in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa
* erètico in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication
* erètico in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

### Anagrams

* eterico
# archduchess
## English
### Alternative forms

* archdutchess (obsolete)

### Etymology

From French archiduchesse, feminine of archiduc, corresponding to archduke +‎ -ess or arch- +‎ duchess.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

archduchess (plural archduchesses)
* A daughter or granddaughter of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, or the wife of a son or grandson of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary
    Coordinate term: archduke
** 2007 February 25, William Shaw, “We Are Not a Muse”, in New York Times‎:If that weren’t enough, in 1993 she married Karl von Habsburg, otherwise known as Archduke Karl of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, and the couple set up home in Salzburg, producing two archduchesses and an archduke.

#### Related terms

* archbishop
* duchess
* duke
* grand duchess
* grand duke

#### Translations
### See also

* nobility
* royalty
# incassum
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* in cassum

### Etymology

From in (“in”) +‎ cassum (“hollow, empty”), accusative of cassus.

### Adverb

incassum (not comparable)
* in vain
    Synonyms: frūstrā, nēquīquam
** c. 45 CE – 96 CE, Statius, Thebaid 1.471, (as edited by D. E. Hill in 1983):Non haec incassum divisque absentibus acta.These events were not carried out in vain, with an absence of the gods.
# armed forces
## English
### Noun

armed forces pl (normally plural, singular armed force)
* The military forces of a nation, such as the army, navy, air force, marines, and sometimes, coastguard or border guard, which are tasked with the defence of the nation and its citizens, if necessary through use of deadly force.
** 2020 September 23, Shi Chuan, “When Police Officers No Longer Work for Dictators”, in Minghui‎:What dictators fear most is losing the support of the armed forces, and when this happens, it's as if a ferocious beast has lost its teeth.
# at best
## English
### Alternative forms

* at the best

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Prepositional phrase

at best
* In the most favorable of conditions, especially in a situation that is otherwise negative.
** 2011 October 1, Phil Dawkes, “Sunderland 2 - 2 West Brom”, in BBC Sport‎:Steve Bruce's side have swung from highs to lows in what has been at best a wildly inconsistent start to the season. They experienced a microcosm of this within the opening 45 minutes at the Stadium of Light.
** 2021 August 6, “Get Vaccinated. Get Masked. It’s the Only Way Out of This.”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:The power of federal officials to issue a national vaccine mandate is questionable at best.
** 2023 September 6, Philip Haigh, “£30 billion plan to transform the rail network in Ireland”, in RAIL, number 991, page 25:It recalls the business case for Scotland's reopening of the Borders Railway to Tweedbank, that British Rail closed in 1969. The review says the business case for this was at best borderline, but goes on to say that the case greatly underestimated passenger demand and that the railway Scotland built has capped its capacity.

#### Antonyms

* at worst

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* A/B test, Bastet, Battes, bettas
# baozi
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 包子 (bāozi). Doublet of buuz.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbɑʊ.(d)zə/, /ˈbɑʊ.tsə/, /ˈbɑʊ.zi/

### Noun

baozi (plural baozi or baozis)
* A Chinese steamed stuffed bun.
** 1987, Sarah Lloyd, Chinese Characters: A Journey through China, London: Collins, →ISBN, page 222:We drew into a halt: a few huts, a siding, some heaps of abandoned coal. Ragged children were picking them over but they turned and ran for the sleeper coach windows, holding up chipped and coal-blackened bowls for fragments of yesterday’s bread and baozis, pork-filled dumplings.
** 1998, “Pleasures and Pastimes”, in Nancy van Itallie et al., editors, Fodor’s China, New York, N.Y.: Fodor’s Travel Publications, Inc., →ISBN, page 7, column 2:Some wonderful baozis (steamed white bread) filled with either vegetables, pork, or black bean paste are sold on the streets of most cities and towns scattered throughout the region.
** 2009, Frank Schätzing, translated by Shaun Whiteside, Jamie Lee Searle, and Samuel Willcocks, “Steelworks”, in Limit, New York, N.Y., London: Jo Fletcher Books, Quercus, published 2013, →ISBN, page 435:Jericho turned away and inhaled the smell of fresh wontons and baozis. The stand was busy. Two young men with damply glistening torsos, swathed in the steam that rose from huge pots, swung their ladles, passed bowls of broth and crunchy crab and pork dumplings over the counter.

#### Synonyms

* bao, pao, pau

#### See also

* mantou
# bar examination
## English
### Alternative forms

* bar exam

### Noun

bar examination (plural bar examinations)
* An examination that must be passed by persons who wish to practice law.

#### See also

* bar exam
* bar review

### Further reading

* bar examination on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# ἀγυιαῖς
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a.ɡyː.âi̯s/ → /a.ʝyˈɛs/ → /a.ʝiˈes/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /a.ɡyː.âi̯s/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /a.ɡyˈɛs/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /a.ʝyˈɛs/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /a.ʝyˈes/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /a.ʝiˈes/

### Noun

ἀγυιαῖς • (aguiaîs)
* dative plural of ἀγυιά (aguiá)
# black humor
## English
### Alternative forms

* black humour

### Noun

black humor (uncountable) (American spelling)
* A subgenre of comedy and satire that deals with subjects that are believed to be serious or controversial, such as death, divorce, drug abuse, etc.
    Synonym: black comedy
    Black humor is like food. Not everyone gets it.

#### Derived terms

* black-humored

#### Translations
### See also

* comedy
* gallows humor
* humor
* tragicomedy
# brownnose
## English
### Etymology

From brown +‎ nose; scatological.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

brownnose (plural brownnoses)
* (figurative) One who sucks up; a bootlicker, ass-kisser, sycophant.
** 1997, Ulrich Herbert, Hitler's foreign workers: enforced foreign labor in Germany under the Third Reich, Cambridge University Press, page 126:A workmate reported the matter, "which is why the worker threatened to beat up the latter," calling him a "brownnose" and threatening to "wipe the floor with him."
** 2007, Felicity Young, An Easeful Death, Fremantle Press, page 13:'I know, he's a natural brownnose. I guess he does have some talents.'
** 2010, Joseph Morse, Gods of Ruin: A Political Thriller,, page 46:You don't have to be such a brownnose, at least not to me.

#### Synonyms

* brown noser

#### Translations
### Verb

brownnose (third-person singular simple present brownnoses, present participle brownnosing, simple past and past participle brownnosed)
* To flatter someone (especially a superior) in an obsequious manner, and to support their every opinion.

#### Related terms

* brownnoser, brown noser, brown-noser
# bullfighter
## English
### Etymology

From bull +‎ fighter.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

bullfighter (plural bullfighters)
* One who engages in bullfighting; a toreador or matador.
# bury one's head in the sand
## English
### Etymology

A reference to the imagined habit of the ostrich burying its head when threatened. See also head in the sand.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Verb

bury one's head in the sand (third-person singular simple present buries one's head in the sand, present participle burying one's head in the sand, simple past and past participle buried one's head in the sand)
* (idiomatic) To deliberately ignore the reality of a situation; to pretend a problem does not exist.
** 1950 January, Cecil J. Allen, “British Locomotive Practice and Performance”, in Railway Magazine, page 13:Now this doubtness is an unhappy state of affairs to the lover of the steam locomotive, but we cannot, like the proverbial ostrich, bury our heads in the sand and refuse to face facts.

#### See also

* fiddle while Rome burns
# cerebrovascular accident
## English
### Alternative forms

* CVA (initialism)

### Noun

cerebrovascular accident (plural cerebrovascular accidents)
* (medicine, formal, sometimes euphemistic) Stroke (loss of brain function arising when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly interrupted).
# Weltuntergang
## German
### Etymology

Welt +‎ Untergang

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɛltˌʊntɐɡaŋ]
* Hyphenation: Welt‧un‧ter‧gang
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Weltuntergang m (strong, genitive Weltunterganges or Weltuntergangs, plural Weltuntergänge)
* end of the world
    Synonym: Weltende
* (figuratively, chiefly in the negative) end of the world (a change seen as catastrophic or devastating)

#### Declension

$^1$Now rare, see notes.

#### Related terms

* Weltuntergangsstimmung
* Weltverbesserer
* Sonnenuntergang

### Further reading

* “Weltuntergang” in Duden online
# cholecalciferol
## English
### Etymology

From chole- +‎ calciferol. The calciferous cholesterol.

### Noun

cholecalciferol (countable and uncountable, plural cholecalciferols)
* Vitamin D$_3$

#### Derived terms

* hydroxycholecalciferol
* dihydroxycholecalciferol
# keringa
## Maori
### Etymology

From keri (“to dig”) +‎ -nga. Compare with Malay kelian and galian from gali “to dig” (itself cognate with Maori kari).

### Noun

keringa
* mine (place where people dig metals)
# escuier
## Middle French
### Etymology

Variant of escuyer.

### Noun

escuier m (plural escuiers)
* squire; shield-bearer

## Old French
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin scūtārius m, from Latin scūtum n.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /eskyˈjeːɾ/

### Noun

escuier oblique singular, m (oblique plural escuiers, nominative singular escuiers, nominative plural escuier)
* squire; shield-bearer
** 12th Century, Béroul, Tristan et Iseut:Li rois apele un escuier.The king called a shield-bearer

#### Descendants

* Middle French: escuyer m, escuier m
** French: écuyer m
* → Middle English: esquier, esquire
** English: esquire, squire

### Further reading

* “écuyer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
* Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX$^e$ au XV$^e$ siècle (1881) (escuier)
# computer-aided design
## English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkəmˈpjuːtəˌeɪˈdɪdˌdɪˈzʌɪn/
* Audio (Canada):(file)

### Noun

computer-aided design (uncountable)
* The process of using drawings made by using a computer to design machines, buildings, etc.
    Synonym: (abbreviation) CAD
** 2020 August 12, “Network News: Drones locate skylark nests”, in Rail, page 23:The technology seeks to identify the birds' nests on the ground. Details of their location are then fed into computer-aided design drawings and the global positioning systems of machinery working on site, to let operators know when they are working near exclusion zones.

#### Translations

    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
# content creator
## English
### Alternative forms

* content-creator

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

content creator (plural content creators)
* (social media) One who creates social media content, especially of a monetizable nature.
    Synonym: creator

#### Hyponyms

* YouTuber
* Instagrammer
* TikToker
* Snapchatter
* Viner
* blogger

#### Translations
## Italian
### Etymology

Borrowed from English content creator.

### Noun

content creator m or f (invariable)
* content creator
# cosmopolis
## English
### Etymology

From cosmo- +‎ -polis.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɒzˈmɒ.pɒ.lɪs/

### Noun

cosmopolis (plural cosmopolises or cosmopoleis)
* An important city, such as a capital city, inhabited by people from a diverse range of cultural backgrounds.
# match play
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

match play (uncountable)
* (golf) A scoring system in which points are awarded for each hole won, as opposed to stroke play.
* (bowling) A knockout competition between two single bowlers.
* (sports) The playing of a competitive match, as opposed to training and practice.
# alley ball
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

alley ball (plural alley balls)
* (bowling) A bowling ball kept in a bowling alley, for public use.
    Synonym: house ball

### Anagrams

* ball alley
# казовий
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Compare Russian ка́зовый (kázovyj, “advantageous, best-looking”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkazɔʋei̯]

### Adjective

ка́зовий • (kázovyj)
* related to fairytales
* fantastic, unbelievable

#### Coordinate terms

* ка́зковий (kázkovyj)

### References

* “казовий”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
# minimart
## English
### Alternative forms

* mini-mart

### Etymology

From mini- +‎ mart.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

minimart (plural minimarts)
* A convenience store.
** 1988 July 15, Tom Valeo, “Happy Happy Good Show”, in Chicago Reader‎:The joke is that these two men are sitting in front of a gas station that has been transformed into a minimart capable of supplying anything—even the kosher pickled herring requested by an Orthodox Jew.
** 2016, Kenneth Lonergan, Manchester by the Sea, spoken by Lee Chandler (Casey Affleck):I went to the minimart…It’s about a fifteen minute walk both ways. But I didn’t wanna drive cause I was really wasted.

#### Descendants

* → Lao: ມິນິມາກ (mi ni māk)
* → Thai: มินิมาร์ท (mí-ní-màat)
# dwoliende
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈdwo.li͜yn.de/

### Participle

dwoliende
* present participle of dwolian
# αμάνικων
## Greek
### Adjective

αμάνικων • (amánikon)
* genitive masculine plural of αμάνικος (amánikos)
* genitive feminine plural of αμάνικος (amánikos)
* genitive neuter plural of αμάνικος (amánikos)
# žaibas
## Lithuanian
### Etymology

Compare Latvian zibens, and see Lithuanian žibėti for more.

### Noun

žai̇̃bas m (plural žaibaĩ) stress pattern 4
* lightning