# 綠

| 綠 | U+7DA0, &#32160; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7DA0 |
| ← 綟 [U+7D9F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 綡 → [U+7DA1] |
| 綠 | U+F93D, &#63805; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F93D |
| ← 祿 [U+F93C] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs | 菉 → [U+F93E] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 綠 |
| Shinjitai | 緑 |
| Simplified | 绿 |

### Han character

綠 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 女火女弓水 (VFVNE), four-corner 2793$_2$, composition ⿰糹彔)

#### Descendants

* 緑 绿

#### Derived characters

* 𡂎, 𤀼, 𣝵, 𦾯

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 926, character 27
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27541
* Dae Jaweon: page 1363, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 5, page 3422, character 2
* Unihan data for U+7DA0
* Unihan data for U+F93D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 綠
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 剝 | *proːɡ |
| 龣 | *kroːɡ, *roːɡ |
| 祿 | *roːɡ |
| 淥 | *roːɡ, *roɡ |
| 睩 | *roːɡ |
| 琭 | *roːɡ |
| 箓 | *roːɡ |
| 碌 | *roːɡ, *roɡ |
| 盝 | *roːɡ |
| 娽 | *roːɡ, *roɡ |
| 彔 | *b·roːɡ |
| 趢 | *roːɡ, *roɡ |
| 簶 | *roːɡ |
| 綠 | *roɡ |
| 逯 | *roɡ |
| 錄 | *roɡ |
| 醁 | *roɡ |
| 騄 | *roɡ |
| 菉 | *roɡ |
| 籙 | *roɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *roɡ) : semantic 糸 + phonetic 彔 (OC *b·roːɡ).

### Etymology

Starostin derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rwak (“leaf”), and cites Tibetan ཁྲོག་པོ (khrog po, “botanical term used of leaves standing round the stem scattered or alternately”), Burmese ရွက် (rwak), အရွက် (a.rwak, “leaf”) as cognates. Compare also Kinnauri rāgʻ (“blue, green”).
Cognate with 菉 (“name of a plant of uncertain species”). In modern times this character gave rise to 氯 (“chlorine”).
For the sense “to cuckold”, see 綠頭巾／绿头巾 (lǜtóujīn).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lǜ, lù (lü$^4$, lu$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄩˋ, ㄌㄨˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nu$^2$
    (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): liǔ
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): lůq
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лю (li͡u, I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): luk$^6$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): nguk$^8$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): luuk$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): liuh$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): liu̍k
    (Hailu, HRS): liug$^ˋ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): liug$^6$
* Jin (Wiktionary): lueh$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): lṳ̀
* Eastern Min (BUC): liŏh / lṳ̆k
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lorh$^7$ / loeh$^7$ / lyeh$^7$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): le̍k / lia̍k / lio̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lêg$^8$
    (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): liag$^8$ / log$^4$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): loek$^5$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^8$loq
** (Jinhua): $^8$loq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): lou$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, vernacular)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǜ
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lyù
*** Wade–Giles: lü$^4$
*** Yale: lyù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liuh
*** Palladius: люй (ljuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ly⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, literary)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lù
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lù
*** Wade–Giles: lu$^4$
*** Yale: lù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luh
*** Palladius: лу (lu)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nu$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lu
*** Sinological IPA : /nu²¹/
** (Xi'an)
*** Guanzhong Pinyin: liǔ
*** Sinological IPA : /liɤu²¹/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: lůq
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): luq$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /luʔ⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лю (li͡u, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /liou²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: luk$^6$
*** Yale: luhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: luk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lʊk̚²/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: nguk$^8$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋʊk̚²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: luuk$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɵk̚³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: liuh$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /liuʔ⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liu̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: liug
*** Hagfa Pinyim: liug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /li̯uk̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: liug$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /liuk²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: liug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /liʊk̚⁵/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: lueh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /luəʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lṳ̀
*** Sinological IPA : /ly⁴²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: liŏh / lṳ̆k
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃uoʔ⁵/, /l̃yʔ⁵/
* liŏh - vernacular;
* lṳ̆k - literary.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit綠 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ly⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ly⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /luei⁵³/ /ly⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ly²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ly⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ly²⁴/ /ly⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /liou²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /liɯ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /lu¹³/ /ly¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /lu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ly²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /nəu²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /nu³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /nu²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /lu³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /luʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /luəʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /luəʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /luʌʔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /luəʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /loʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /loʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /loʔ²/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /lo²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /lu²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /liu¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ləu²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /nəɯ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /liuʔ⁵/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /liuk̚⁵/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /liuk̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /lok̚²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /luk̚²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /luk̚²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /liɔk̚⁵/ /lik̚⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /luoʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ly⁴²/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /lek̚⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /lok̚⁵/ /liak̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: ljowk
Rime :
| Character | 綠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 燭 (8) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力玉切 |
| Baxter | ljowk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɨok̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /liok̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /liok̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /luawk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /liok̚/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭwok̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /li̯wok̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | luk$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*pə.rok/
    (Zhengzhang): /*roɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 綠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lǜ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ljowk › |
| Old Chinese | /*pə.rok/ |
| English | light blue or green |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 綠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8554 |
| Phonetic component | 录 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 録 |
| Old Chinese | /*roɡ/ |

### Definitions

綠
* green
    綠色／绿色 ― lǜsè ― green (color)
* to become green
* (literary, only of hair) black and glossy (especially in a youthful-looking way)
    綠鬢／绿鬓 ― lǜbìn ― black hair
* healthy; environmentally friendly; green
    綠建築／绿建筑 ― lǜ jiànzhù ― green building
    綠住宅／绿住宅 ― lǜ zhùzhái ― green home
* green leaves
* green field
* Original form of 籙.
* Alternative form of 菉 (lù, “name of a plant”)
* (symbolic) Islam(ic); Muslim
    綠教／绿教 ― lǜjiào ― (slang) Islam
* (politics) related to the pro-independence pan-Green coalition of Taiwan
    綠營／绿营 ― lǜyíng ― Pro-Taiwan Independence camp
* (slang) to cuckold
    Synonym: 戴綠帽子／戴绿帽子 (dài lǜmàozi)
* a surname

### Compounds

* 二綠／二绿
* 品綠／品绿
* 嫩綠／嫩绿 (nènlǜ)
* 官綠／官绿
* 小綠人／小绿人 (xiǎolǜrén)
* 慘綠／惨绿
* 新綠／新绿 (xīnlǜ)
* 油綠／油绿
* 石綠／石绿
* 碧綠／碧绿 (bìlǜ)
* 綠人／绿人
* 綠內障／绿内障 (lǜnèizhàng)
* 綠共／绿共 (Lǜgòng)
* 綠化／绿化 (lǜhuà)
* 綠卡／绿卡 (lǜkǎ)
* 綠圖／绿图
* 綠地／绿地 (lǜdì)
* 綠寶石／绿宝石 (lǜbǎoshí)
* 綠島／绿岛 (Lǜdǎo)
* 綠帶／绿带
* 綠帽／绿帽 (lǜmào)
* 綠帽子／绿帽子 (lǜmàozi)
* 綠幘／绿帻
* 綠意／绿意 (lǜyì)
* 綠林／绿林
* 綠柱石／绿柱石 (lǜzhùshí)
* 綠水／绿水 (lǜshuǐ)
* 綠油油／绿油油 (lǜyóuyóu)
* 綠泥石／绿泥石
* 綠洲／绿洲 (lǜzhōu)
* 綠燈／绿灯 (lǜdēng)
* 綠營／绿营
* 綠珠／绿珠
* 綠琴／绿琴
* 綠瑩瑩／绿莹莹
* 綠生生／绿生生
* 綠礬／绿矾
* 綠窗／绿窗
* 綠竹／绿竹
* 綠籬／绿篱
* 緋綠／绯绿
* 綠綺／绿绮 (Lǜqǐ)
* 綠線／绿线
* 綠耳／绿耳
* 綠肥／绿肥 (lǜféi)
* 綠肥作物／绿肥作物
* 綠腰／绿腰 (Lǜyāo)
* 綠色／绿色 (lǜsè)
* 綠色植物／绿色植物 (lǜsè zhíwù)
* 綠色食品／绿色食品 (lǜsè shípǐn)
* 綠茵／绿茵 (lǜyīn)
* 綠茶／绿茶 (lǜchá)
* 綠茸茸／绿茸茸
* 綠葉／绿叶 (lǜyè)
* 綠蔭／绿荫
* 綠蔥蔥／绿葱葱
* 綠蕪／绿芜
* 綠藻／绿藻
* 綠螘／绿𰲹
* 綠蟻／绿蚁
* 綠蠟／绿蜡
* 綠衣／绿衣 (lǜyī)
* 綠衣使者／绿衣使者 (lǜyī shǐzhě)
* 綠豆／绿豆 (lǜdòu)
* 綠豆湯／绿豆汤 (lǜdòutāng)
* 綠豆粥／绿豆粥
* 綠豆糕／绿豆糕 (lǜdòugāo)
* 綠豆蠅／绿豆蝇
* 綠野／绿野
* 綠錢／绿钱
* 綠陰／绿阴 (lǜyīn)
* 綠雲／绿云
* 綠頭巾／绿头巾 (lǜtóujīn)
* 綠頭鴨／绿头鸭 (lǜtóuyā)
* 綠髮／绿发
* 綠鬢／绿鬓 (lǜbìn)
* 綠黨／绿党 (lǜdǎng)
* 翠綠／翠绿 (cuìlǜ)
* 草綠／草绿 (cǎolǜ)
* 蔥綠／葱绿
* 藍皮綠骨／蓝皮绿骨 (lánpílǜgǔ)
* 蛾綠／蛾绿 (élǜ)
* 豆綠／豆绿 (dòulǜ)
* 采綠
* 釉綠／釉绿
* 銅綠／铜绿 (tónglǜ)
* 鴨綠／鸭绿 (Yālù, “Yalu”)
* 墨綠／墨绿 (mòlǜ)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 緑 |
| Kyūjitai | 綠 |

### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 緑)
* Kyūjitai form of 緑: the color green

#### Readings

* Go-on: ろく (roku)
* Kan-on: りょく (ryoku)
* Kun: みどり (midori, 綠)
* Nanori: つか (tsuka)、つな (tsuna)、のり (nori)

### Etymology

For names, this 旧字体 (kyūjitai, literally “old form”) of the kanji may still be used. For all other uses, see the 緑 entry.

### Proper noun

綠(みどり) • (Midori)
* a female given name.

## Korean
### Hanja

綠 (eumhun 푸를 록 (pureul rok), word-initial (South Korea) 푸를 녹 (pureul nok))
* hanja form of [[록/녹#Korean:_綠|록/녹]] (“blue, green”)

#### Compounds

* 녹청 (綠靑, nokcheong)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

綠: Hán Nôm readings: lục
* green

#### References

* Nom Foundation