# sputum
## English
### Etymology

From New Latin, from Latin sputum (“that which is spit out, spittle”), from spuere (“to spit”).

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA or enPR then please add some!

### Noun

sputum (countable and uncountable, plural sputums or sputa)
* (physiology) Matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth, composed of saliva and discharges from the respiratory passages such as mucus, phlegm or pus.
** 2018, Louis Rosenfeld, Four Centuries of Clinical Chemistry:In the early 1890s the work in the laboratory consisted of postmortems, urinalyses, and examination of sputums.
** 2020 February 24, James Hamblin, “You’re Likely to Get the Coronavirus”, in The Atlantic‎:At the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, the boy’s sputum sat for a month, waiting for its turn in a slow process of antibody-matching analysis.

#### Translations
### Further reading

* sputum on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* “sputum”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
* “sputum”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* “sputum”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈspuːtum]
* Hyphenation: spu‧tum

### Noun

sputum n
* sputum
    Synonyms: chrchel, hlen

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “sputum”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “sputum”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “sputum”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Indonesian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin sputum.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈsputʊm]
* Hyphenation: spu‧tum

### Noun

sputum (first-person possessive sputumku, second-person possessive sputummu, third-person possessive sputumnya)
* (medicine) sputum.
    Synonyms: balgam, dahak
    Pemeriksaan sputum penting dilakukan untuk mendiagnosis berbagai penyakit pernafasan. ― Sputum examination is important for diagnosis of many respiratory diseases.

### Further reading

* “sputum” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Latin
### Etymology

From spuō.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈspuː.tum/, [ˈs̠puːt̪ʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈspu.tum/, [ˈspuːt̪um]

### Noun

spūtum n (genitive spūtī); second declension
* spittle

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

#### Related terms

* sputō

#### Descendants

* Catalan: esput
* Dalmatian: spoit
* English: sputum
* Italian: sputo
* Old French: esput
* Portuguese: esputo
* Romanian: spută
* Spanish: esputo

### Participle

spūtum
* inflection of spūtus:
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
** accusative masculine singular

### References

* “sputum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “sputum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* sputum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.