# 肱

| 肱 | U+80B1, &#32945; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80B1 |
| ← 肰 [U+80B0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 育 → [U+80B2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

肱 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月大戈 (BKI), four-corner 7423$_2$, composition ⿰月厷(GJK) or ⿰⺼厷(HTV))

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 976, character 8
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29315
* Dae Jaweon: page 1427, character 25
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2047, character 8
* Unihan data for U+80B1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 肱 | *kʷɯːŋ |
| 宏 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 閎 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 吰 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 竑 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 谹 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 翃 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 紘 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 鈜 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 浤 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 耾 | *ɡʷrɯːŋ |
| 雄 | *ɡʷɯŋ |
This character in its original version (厷) is the pictogram of a hand, an arm and a rounded part that represents either a shoulder or an elbow. Today, the arm is no more visibile, the hand is stylized as a left hand and a semi-open shape 厶 at the bottom represents either the shoulder or elbow. Then, the character evolved into 肱.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōng (gong$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwang$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kong / keng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gong
*** Wade–Giles: kung$^1$
*** Yale: gūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gong
*** Palladius: гун (gun)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwang$^1$
*** Yale: gwāng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gueng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɐŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong
*** Tâi-lô: kong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kofng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: dated in Xiamen, dated in Zhangzhou, dated in Quanzhou, dated in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng
*** Tâi-lô: king
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kefng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: kwong
Rime :
| Character | 肱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 登 (130) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古弘切 |
| Baxter | kwong |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kwəŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʷəŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuəŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwəŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kuəŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kuəŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kwəŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gwang$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷˤəŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʷɯːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 肱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gōng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kwong › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ʷˁəŋ/ |
| English | (upper) arm |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 肱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4129 |
| Phonetic component | 厷 |
| Rime group | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 肱 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʷɯːŋ/ |

### Definitions

肱
* (anatomy) upper arm
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Fàn shūshí yǐnshuǐ, qū gōng ér zhěn zhī, yuè yì zài qízhōng yǐ. [Pinyin]
    With coarse rice to eat, with water to drink, and my bended arm for a pillow; I have still joy in the midst of these things.
* (figurative) minister of the emperor
    From: 9th century, Han Yu, 送侯參謀赴河中幕
    Huǎnghuǎng sītú gōng, tiānzǐ zhǎo yǔ gōng. [Pinyin]
    The charismatic mandarins are the assistants of our king.

### Compounds

* 三折肱
* 心膂股肱
* 折肱
* 曲肱之樂／曲肱之乐
* 曲肱而枕
* 肱二頭肌／肱二头肌 (gōng'èrtóujī)
* 肱橈肌／肱桡肌
* 股肱 (gǔgōng)
* 肱股
* 股肱之力
* 股肱耳目
* 肱骨 (gōnggǔ)
* 飲水曲肱／饮水曲肱

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: こう (kō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: ひじ (hiji)
* Kanji in this term
* 肱
* ひじ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi

### Noun

肱(ひじ) • (hiji)
* Alternative spelling of 肘

## Korean
### Hanja

肱 (eum 굉 (goeng))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

肱: Hán Nôm readings: quăng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.