# रुज्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* रोज् (roj)

### Alternative scripts

* ৰুজ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬭᬸᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
* রুজ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰨𑰲𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀭𑀼𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ရုဇ် (Burmese script)
* રુજ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਰੁਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌰𑍁𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦫꦸꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂩𑂳𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ರುಜ್ (Kannada script)
* រុជ៑ (Khmer script)
* ຣຸຊ຺ (Lao script)
* രുജ് (Malayalam script)
* ᡵᡠᡯ (Manchu script)
* 𑘨𑘳𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠷᠤᠽ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧈𑧔𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐬𑐸𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
* ରୁଜ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢬꢸꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆫𑆶𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖨𑖲𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
* රුජ් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩼𑩒𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚤𑚰𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
* ருஜ் (Tamil script)
* రుజ్ (Telugu script)
* รุชฺ (Thai script)
* རུ་ཛ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒩𑒳𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨫𑨃𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lewǵ- (“to break off, shatter”). Cognate with Ancient Greek λῠγρός (lugrós, “mournful”), Latin lugeō whence English lugubrious; Old English lūcan (“to pluck out, pull up”), whence English louk.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɾud͡ʑ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ɾud͡ʑ/

### Root

रुज् • (ruj)
* to break, break open, dash to pieces
* to shatter, destroy
* to cause pain, afflict, injure

#### Derived terms
##### Primary Verbal Forms

* रुजति (rujáti, Present)
* रोक्ष्यति (rokṣyáti, Future)
* रोक्ता (roktā́, Periphrastic Future)
* अरोक् (árok, Aorist)
* अरौक्षीत् (áraukṣīt, Aorist)
* रुरोज (rurója, Perfect)

##### Secondary Forms

* रुज्यते (rujyáte, Passive)
* रोजयति (rojáyati, Causative)
* अरूरुजत् (árūrujat, Causative Aorist)
* रुरुक्षति (rurukṣati, Desiderative)
* रोरुज्यते (rorujyate, Intensive)
* रोरोक्ति (rorokti, Intensive)

##### Non-Finite Forms

* रुग्ण (rugṇá, Past Participle)
* रुजे (rúje, Infinitive)
* रुक्त्वा (ruktvā́, Gerund)
* रुज्य (rújya, Gerund)

##### Derived Nominal Forms

* रुज् (ruj)
* रुज (rujá)
* रुजा (rujā)
* रोग (róga)

##### Prefixed Root Forms

* अवरुज् (avaruj)
* आरुज् (āruj)
* परिरुज् (pariruj)
* प्ररुज् (praruj)
* विरुज् (viruj)
* संरुज् (saṃruj)

### Adjective

रुज् • (ruj) stem
* (at the end of a compound) breaking, crushing, shattering

#### Declension
### Noun

रुज् • (ruj) stem, f
* pain, illness, disease

#### Declension
### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “रुज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 882, column 3.
* Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “रुज्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 142
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “ruj”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
* Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “रुज्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 465
* Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 371
* Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 415-6
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) “686”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 686