# 大事
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàshì
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): daai$^6$ si$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thai-sṳ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi-sū
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàshì
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàshìh
*** Wade–Giles: ta$^4$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: dà-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahshyh
*** Palladius: даши (daši)
*** Sinological IPA : /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$大事 大勢／大势 大士
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daai$^6$ si$^6$
*** Yale: daaih sih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daai$^6$ si$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dai$^6$ xi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːi̯²² siː²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai-sṳ
*** Hakka Romanization System: tai sii
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tai$^4$ si$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ sɨ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-sū
*** Tâi-lô: tāi-sū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: daixsu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ su²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² su⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ su²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ su³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ su³³/

### Noun

大事
* important matter; big deal; major event; great thing
       Zhè shì guānxì dào shēngsǐ de dàshì. [Pinyin]
       This is a matter of life and death.
       Liánzhèng jiànshè shì guānxì dào dǎng hé guójiā shēngsǐyōuguān de dàshì. [Pinyin]
       The establishment of a clean and honest administration is a matter of life and death for both the party and the country.
    From: Tao Te Ching, 4th century BCE
    Tiānxià nánshì, bì zuò yú yì, tiānxià dàshì, bì zuò yú xì. [Pinyin]
    All difficult things in the world are sure to arise from a previous state in which they were easy, and all great things from one in which they were small.

#### Synonyms

* 一回事 (yīhuíshì)

#### Antonyms

* (literary) 可事 (kěshì)
* 小事 (xiǎoshì)

#### Derived terms

* 國家大事／国家大事 (guójiā dàshì)
* 大事化小
* 大事化小，小事化了 (dàshì huà xiǎo, xiǎoshì huà liǎo)
* 大事化小，小事化無／大事化小，小事化无 (dàshì huà xiǎo, xiǎoshì huà wú)
* 大事記／大事记 (dàshìjì)
* 紅白大事／红白大事 (hóngbáidàshì)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 大事(だいじ) (daiji)
* → Korean: 대사(大事) (daesa)
* → Vietnamese: đại sự (大事)

### Adverb

大事
* in a big way
    大事渲染 ― dàshì xuànrǎn ― to play up

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 大 | 事 |
| だい Grade: 1 | じ Grade: 3 |
| goon ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) だいじ [dàíjíꜜ] (Odaka – [3]) in "大事にする"
* (Tokyo) だいじ [dàíjí] (Heiban – [0]) in "大事な"
* (Tokyo) だいじ [dáꜜìjì] (Atamadaka – [1]) in "大事に至らない"
* IPA: [da̠iʑi]

#### Adjective

大(だい)事(じ) • (daiji) -na (adnominal 大(だい)事(じ)な (daiji na), adverbial 大(だい)事(じ)に (daiji ni))
* important
* (archaic) difficult, highly troubling
* (archaic) seriously ill or injured; grave
** 10th century, Ochikubo Monogatari:
    いと大(だい)事(じ)にはあらねど、起(お)き臥(ふ)しなやみ給(たま)ふを
       Ito daiji niwa aranedo, oki fushi nayami tamau o
       Although it wasn't the gravest [illness / situation], [he / she] truly suffered fitful nights and days unable to sleep.
** 13th century, Koun Ejō, 正法眼蔵随聞記 巻六:
    或(ある)時(とき)、尻(しり)に腫(はれ)物(もの)を出(だ)す。医(い)師(し)、是(これ)を見(み)て、大(だい)事(じ)の物(もの)也(なり)、と云(いふ)。恵(けい)云(いは)く、大(だい)事(じ)の物(もの)ならば、死(し)すべしや。医(い)云(いは)く、ほとんどあやうかるべし。
       Aru toki, shiri ni haremono o dasu. Ishi, kore o mite, daiji no mono nari, to iu. Kei iwaku, daiji no mono naraba, shisu beshi ya. I iwaku, hotondo ayōkaru beshi.
       One day, he got a swelling on the buttocks. The doctor saw it and said it was grave. "If it is grave, then would I die [soon]?" Kei asked. The doctor said, "Close to [life-]threatening."

##### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 大事だろ | だいじだろ | daiji daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 大事で | だいじで | daiji de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 大事だ | だいじだ | daiji da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 大事な | だいじな | daiji na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 大事なら | だいじなら | daiji nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 大事であれ | だいじであれ | daiji de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 大事ではない 大事じゃない | だいじではない だいじじゃない | daiji de wa nai daiji ja nai |
| Informal past | 大事だった | だいじだった | daiji datta |
| Informal negative past | 大事ではなかった 大事じゃなかった | だいじではなかった だいじじゃなかった | daiji de wa nakatta daiji ja nakatta |
| Formal | 大事です | だいじです | daiji desu |
| Formal negative | 大事ではありません 大事じゃありません | だいじではありません だいじじゃありません | daiji de wa arimasen daiji ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 大事でした | だいじでした | daiji deshita |
| Formal negative past | 大事ではありませんでした 大事じゃありませんでした | だいじではありませんでした だいじじゃありませんでした | daiji de wa arimasen deshita daiji ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 大事で | だいじで | daiji de |
| Conditional | 大事なら（ば） | だいじなら（ば） | daiji nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 大事だったら | だいじだったら | daiji dattara |
| Volitional | 大事だろう | だいじだろう | daiji darō |
| Adverbial | 大事に | だいじに | daiji ni |
| Degree | 大事さ | だいじさ | daijisa |

##### Synonyms

* 大(たい)切(せつ) (taisetsu, “important”)
* 重(じゅう)大(だい) (jūdai, “grave”)
* 難(なん)儀(ぎ) (nangi, “difficult, highly troubling”)

#### Noun

大(だい)事(じ) • (daiji)
* An important thing; a serious matter; a valuable thing
* (colloquial) trouble

##### Derived terms

* お大(だい)事(じ)に (o daiji ni, “get well soon”)
* 大(だい)事(じ)に至(いた)らない (daiji ni itaranai, “non-fatal, without heavy injury, no threat to life”)
* 大(だい)事(じ)無(な)い (daijinai, “not worrisome”)
* 大(だい)事(じ)を取(と)る (daiji o toru, “as a precaution, to be careful”)
* 大(だい)事(じ)の前(まえ)の小(しょう)事(じ) (daiji no mae no shōji, “lose a fly to catch a trout”)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 大 | 事 |
| おお Grade: 1 | こと > ごと Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おおごと [òógótó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [o̞ːɡo̞to̞]

#### Noun

大(おお)事(ごと) • (ōgoto)
* a serious matter

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 大 | 事 |

### Noun

大事 • (daesa) (hangeul 대사)
* hanja form of 대사 (“an important thing; a serious matter; a valuable thing”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 大 | 事 |

### Noun

大事
* chữ Hán form of đại sự (“important matter; big deal; major event; great thing”).