# 神仙
## Chinese

* 神仙 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Xian (Taoism) (English)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shénxiān
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄢ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): san$^4$ sin$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sin$^3$ lhen$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̀n-siên
* Northern Min (KCR): sěng-síng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sîn-sian
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêng$^5$ siang$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shénxiān → shénxian (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄢ → ㄕㄣˊ ˙ㄒㄧㄢ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shénsiån
*** Wade–Giles: shên$^2$-hsien$^5$
*** Yale: shén-syan
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shern.shian
*** Palladius: шэньсянь (šɛnʹsjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/ → /ʂən³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: san$^4$ sin$^1$
*** Yale: sàhn sīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: san$^4$ sin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sen$^4$ xin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐn²¹ siːn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: sin$^3$ lhen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sin²² ɬen³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀n-siên
*** Hakka Romanization System: siin$^ˇ$ xien$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sin$^2$ xian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨn¹¹ si̯en²⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sěng-síng
*** Sinological IPA : /seiŋ²¹ siŋ⁵⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîn-sian
*** Tâi-lô: sîn-sian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sinsiefn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sin²⁴⁻²² siɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sin²⁴⁻²² siɛn³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin¹³⁻²² siɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sin²⁴⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin²³⁻³³ siɛn⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sêng$^5$ siang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sêng siang
*** Sinological IPA : /seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siaŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: zyin sjen
Rime :
| Character | 神 | 仙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 船 (27) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 食鄰切 | 相然切 |
| Baxter | zyin | sjen |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʑiɪn/ | /siᴇn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʑin/ | /siɛn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʑjen/ | /sjæn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʑin/ | /sian/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʑiĕn/ | /siɛn/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʑĭĕn/ | /sĭɛn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /d͡ʑʰi̯ĕn/ | /si̯ɛn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shén | xiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | san$^4$ | sin$^1$ |

### Noun

神仙
* (Chinese mythology, Taoism) immortals; supernatural entity; celestial being; transcendent being
    神仙傳／神仙传 ― shénxiān zhuàn ― Shenxian Zhuan

#### Synonyms

* (literary) 神物 (shénwù)

#### Derived terms

* 大羅神仙／大罗神仙
* 活神仙
* 神仙一把抓
* 神仙中人 (shénxiānzhōngrén)
* 神仙思想
* 神仙打架，小鬼遭殃 (shénxiān dǎjià, xiǎoguǐ zāoyāng)
* 神仙放屁——不同凡響／神仙放屁——不同凡响 (shénxiānfàngpì, bùtóngfánxiǎng)
* 神仙水 (shénxiānshuǐ)
* 神仙眷屬／神仙眷属
* 神仙魚／神仙鱼
* 要作神仙眷屬，先作柴米夫妻／要作神仙眷属，先作柴米夫妻
* 陸地神仙／陆地神仙
* 飄若神仙／飘若神仙

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 神(しん)仙(せん) (shinsen)
* → Korean: 신선(神仙) (sinseon)
* → Vietnamese: thần tiên (神仙)

## Japanese
### Etymology

Kanji in this term :
| 神 | 仙 |
| しん Grade: 3 | せん Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spellings
* 神仙 (kyūjitai) 神僊
From Middle Chinese 神仙 (MC zyin sjen).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しんせん [shìńséń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕĩɰ̃sẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

神(しん)仙(せん) • (shinsen)
* supernatural, celestial or divine being; an immortal
* (music) the 11th note in the Japanese chromatic scale, close to Western C
    Hypernym: 十二律 (jūniritsu)
    Coordinate terms: 壱越, 断金, 平調, 勝絶, 下無, 双調, 鳧鐘, 黄鐘, 鸞鏡, 盤渉, 神仙, 上無

#### Derived terms

* 神(しん)仙(せん)思(し)想(そう) (shinsenshisō, “ancient Chinese folk belief in the existence of mountain wizards”)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 神 | 仙 |

### Noun

神仙 • (sinseon) (hangeul 신선)
* hanja form of 신선 (“celestial or divine being; an immortal”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 神 | 仙 |

### Noun

神仙
* chữ Hán form of thần tiên (“immortals, celestial beings or heavenly beings, divine immortals”).