# 按怎
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): án-chóaⁿ / àn-chóaⁿ / án-nóa / án-ná / án-cháiⁿ
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: án-chóaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: án-tsuánn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: afnzvoar
*** IPA (Penang): /an⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ t͡suã⁴⁴⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /an⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡suã⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /an⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡suã⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àn-chóaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: àn-tsuánn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: arnzvoar
*** IPA (Singapore): /an²¹⁻⁴² t͡suã⁴²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /an²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡suã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /an¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡suã⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /an⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡suã⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: án-nóa
*** Tâi-lô: án-nuá
*** Phofsit Daibuun: afnnoar
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /an⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ nuã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /an⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nuã⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: án-ná
*** Tâi-lô: án-ná
*** Phofsit Daibuun: afnnar
*** IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /an⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nã⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /an⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ nã⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: án-cháiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: án-tsáinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: afnzvae
*** IPA (Taipei): /an⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sãi⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /an⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sãi⁴¹/

### Adverb

按怎
* (Hokkien) how
       Lí kám-kak án-chóaⁿ? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       How are you?
* (Hokkien) why; for what reason

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 如何, 何以, 若何 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 如何, 怎樣 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 怎麼樣兒, 怎樣兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 怎麼樣, 怎樣, 如何 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 怎麼樣, 怎樣, 如何 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 怎麼樣, 怎樣, 如何 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 怎麼樣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 咋樣兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 咋個樣, 咋個樣子, 啷個樣, 啷個樣子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 麼樣, 麼樣子, 哪樣, 哪樣子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 啷子樣 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 怎們樣, 哪一個樣, 哪一個樣子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 怎樣 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 點樣, 點 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 點樣, 點 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 點樣, 點 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 點樣, 點樣做 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 點 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 點子 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huancheng) | 點子 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nanlang) | 點子 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Xiaolan) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Henglan) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongfeng) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nantou) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Fusha) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shalang) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Gangkou) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huangpu) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Minzhong) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Banfu) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanzhou) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 幾何 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 點樣, 點 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 啷樣, 啷 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 仰般, 仰仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 仰般, 仰仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 仰仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 仰般 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 仰脣, 仰 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 仰般, 仰般形 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 仰子 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 咋, 咋底 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 何如, 何如事 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 將樣, 蔣樣, 蔣其 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 按怎, 怎樣, 啥款 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 障仔, 怎樣, 按怎, 啥款 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 按怎, 怎樣, 啥款 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 按怎, 怎仔樣, 怎樣仔, 啥款 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 按怎 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 按怎 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 障仔, 怎樣 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 在生樣, 乜生樣, 做呢 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 在生 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 在生, 在生樣 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 做呢, 做呢樣 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 做呢, 在生 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 哪, 哪樣 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 哪能, 哪能介, 哪能樣子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 捺亨 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 訾那, 訾那能 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 何是, 何裡 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 麼家 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 何為, 何以, 何, 何故, 緣何, 胡, 奚, 曷, 胡為 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 為什麼, 為何, 因何, 何以 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 為什麼, 幹嗎, 幹什麼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 為什麼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 為啥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 為什麼, 做什麼, 做麼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 為什麼, 做什麼, 做麼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 為嘛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 為麼兒, 為麼, 幹麼兒, 為什麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 為麼, 為麼個 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 為啥, 因啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 為啥 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 為啥, 擁啥, 擁什麼 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 為啥 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 為啥 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 為啥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 為啥子, 做啥子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 做麼事, 為麼事 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 為哪樣, 為些哪樣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 為什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 為什麼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 為什麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 為什麼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 甚們事, 做事, 做啥, 為甚們 formal |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 怎搞, 怎搞的 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 點解, 做乜, 做乜嘢, 為乜, 為乜為物, 做乜事幹, 因乜事幹, 因乜解究, 因乜緣故, 何解, 乜, 咩 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 點解, 做乜, 做乜嘢, 做咩, 為乜, 為咩, 做乜事幹, 因乜事幹, 因乜解究, 因咩解究, 因乜緣故, 何解, 乜, 咩 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 做乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 為乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 整乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 做乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 為乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 因乜嘢, 點解 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 為乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 為乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 幾何, 幾解, 做乜, 為乜, 乜頭路 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 幾解 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 做乜 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 點解, 做乜嘢, 做乜, 為乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 為乜, 為乜事, 做乜, 做乜事, 做乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 為物底 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 為乜嘢, 為乜 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) | 為乜底 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 為乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 做乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 為乜底 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 做乜嘢, 為乜 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 做乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 做乜嘢, 為乜 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 點解 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 做乜嘢 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 點解, 為乜 |
| Cantonese | Yangon (Taishan) | 幾解 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 為什哩 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 為咋個, 為咋哩, 做咋個, 做咋哩, 何解 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 做乜嘢, 做嘢 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 仰解, 做乜嘢 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 為乜嘢 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 為麼個 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 做麼個 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 做乜個 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 為甚, 因為甚, 幹什 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 𠰻們 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 為孰事, 做孰事 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 蔣其, 蔣講, 做什乇, 做什名, 幹乜勢, 傒勢 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 傒勢 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 介計 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 蔣其 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 做什乇 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 做乜乇 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 做乇 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 做呢乇 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 做乜乇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 做哪乇 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 為什乇, 蔣其, 蔣講, 做什乇, 傒勢 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 為什物, 按怎, 物代, 敢咧, 創什物 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 按怎, 物代 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 為啥物 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 按怎 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 為甚物 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 為甚物 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 為啥物, 是按怎 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 何物事, 做物事, 做物 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 按怎 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 敢哪, 敢哪誌 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 做呢 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 做呢 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 做呢 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 做呢 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 作乜, 因乜 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 作乜, 因乜, 怎作 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 作乜, 作個乜, 作乜物, 因乜, 因個乜 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 作乜 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 為乜嘢 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 做門, 做哪門, 為哪門 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 為什個 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 啥體, 為啥, 做啥, 啥講究, 為啥體, 啥個講究, 啥道理, 為啥道理, 啥個路道, 啥個緣故 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 為何, 做何 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 為啥, 為點啥, 做啥, 啥體, 為啥體 |
| Wu | Danyang | 為點高, 做點高 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 為啥 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 妝乜, 為何呢, 為乜事幹 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 為淡事幹, 為待西 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 為麼子, 何解 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 奚解 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 嗎介 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 為麼子, 做麼子 |

#### References

* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “按怎”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* “Entry #5038”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.