# تعجب
## Arabic
### Etymology

* Root
* ع ج ب (ʕ j b)
* 7 terms

### Verb

تَعَجَّبَ • (taʕajjaba) V (non-past يَتَعَجَّبُ (yataʕajjabu), verbal noun تَعَجُّب (taʕajjub))
* to wonder (intransitive), be astonished
* to inspire with love

#### Conjugation
### Noun

تَعَجُّب • (taʕajjub) m
* verbal noun of تَعَجَّبَ (taʕajjaba) (form V)
* astonishment

#### Descendants

* Azerbaijani: təəccüb
* → Persian: تعجب (ta'ajjob)
** → Assamese: তাজ্জব (tazzobo)
** → Bengali: তাজ্জব (tajjob)
** → Gujarati: તાજુબ (tājub)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: ताज्जुब (tājjub)
    Urdu: تَعَجُّب (tājjub)
** → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਤਅੱਜਬ (taajjab)
    Shahmukhi script: تَعجَّب (taʻjjab)
** → Sindhi:
    Devanagari script: तअजुब
    Arabic script: تَعَجُّبُ
* Ottoman Turkish: تعجب
** Turkish: taaccüp

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَعَجُّب (taʕajjub).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ta.ʔad͡ʒ.d͡ʒuβ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ʔäd͡ʒ.d͡ʒʊb]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ʔäd͡ʒ.d͡ʒʊb]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t̪ʰɑːäd͡ʒ.d͡ʒʊb]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t̪ʰɔːäd͡ʒ.d͡ʒub̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰæ.ʔæd͡ʒ.d͡ʒob̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t̪ʰä.ʔäd͡ʒ.d͡ʒub]

### Noun

| Dari | تعجب |
| Iranian Persian | تعجب |
| Tajik | таъаҷҷуб |
تَعَجُّب • (ta'ajjob)
* astonishment
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume IV, verse 3180:شاه‌زاده در تعجب مانده بود / کز من او عقل و نظر چون در ربودšâhzâde dar ta'ajjob mânde bud / k'az man u 'aql o nazar čon dar-rabudThe prince was left in amazement: [he said to himself,] "How did she rob me of understanding and insight?"

#### Derived terms

* تَعَجُّب کَردَن (ta'ajjob kardan, “to wonder”)
* عَلامَتِ تَعَجُّب ('alâmat-e ta'ajjob, “exclamation point”)

#### Descendants

* → Assamese: তাজ্জব (tazzobo)
* → Bengali: তাজ্জব (tajjob)
* → Gujarati: તાજુબ (tājub)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: ताज्जुब (tājjub)
    Urdu: تَعَجُّب (tājjub)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਤਅੱਜਬ (taajjab)
    Shahmukhi script: تَعجَّب (taʻjjab)
* → Sindhi:
    Devanagari script: तअजुब
    Arabic script: تَعَجُّبُ

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ع ج ب
* 3 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic عَجَّبَ (ʕajjaba).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʕaʒ.ʒab/, [ɪtˈʕaʒ.ʒab], [ɪtˈʕad.d͡ʒab]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

تعجّب • (tʕajjab) V (present بتعجّب (bitʕajjab))
* passive of عجّب (ʕajjab): to be amazed, surprised, astonished

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of تعجّب (tʕajjab) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | تعجّبت (tʕajjabt) | تعجّبت (tʕajjabt) | تعجّب (tʕajjab) | تعجّبنا (tʕajjabna) | تعجّبتو (tʕajjabtu) | تعجّبو (tʕajjabu) |
| past | f | تعجّبت (tʕajjabt) | تعجّبتي (tʕajjabti) | تعجّبت (tʕajjabat) | تعجّبنا (tʕajjabna) | تعجّبتو (tʕajjabtu) | تعجّبو (tʕajjabu) |
| present | m | بتعجّب (batʕajjab) | بتتعجّب (btitʕajjab) | بتعجّب (bitʕajjab) | منتعجّب (mnitʕajjab) | بتتعجّبو (btitʕajjabu) | بتعجّبو (bitʕajjabu) |
| present | f | بتعجّب (batʕajjab) | بتتعجّبي (btitʕajjabi) | بتتعجّب (btitʕajjab) | منتعجّب (mnitʕajjab) | بتتعجّبو (btitʕajjabu) | بتعجّبو (bitʕajjabu) |
| subjunctive | m | اتعجّب (atʕajjab) | تتعجّب (titʕajjab) | يتعجّب (yitʕajjab) | نتعجّب (nitʕajjab) | تتعجّبو (titʕajjabu) | يتعجّبو (yitʕajjabu) |
| subjunctive | f | اتعجّب (atʕajjab) | تتعجّبي (titʕajjabi) | تتعجّب (titʕajjab) | نتعجّب (nitʕajjab) | تتعجّبو (titʕajjabu) | يتعجّبو (yitʕajjabu) |
| imperative | m | | تعجّب (tʕajjab) | | | تعجّبو (tʕajjabu) | |
| imperative | f | | تعجّبي (tʕajjabi) | | | تعجّبو (tʕajjabu) | |

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian تَعَجُّب (ta'ajjub), borrowed from Arabic تَعَجُّب (taʕajjub). First attested in c. 1649 as Middle Hindi تعجب (t'jb).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /t̪ə.ʔəd̪.d͡ʒʊb/, [t̪ɑːd̪.d͡ʒʊb]
* Rhymes: -ʊb
* Hyphenation: تَ‧عَج‧جُب

### Noun

تَعَجُّب • (ta'ajjub) m (Hindi spelling ताज्जुब)
* surprise, astonishment
    Synonyms: حَیرَت (hairat), اَچْرَج (acraj), حَیرانَگی (hairānagī)

#### Declension

Declension of تعجب :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | تَعَجُّب (ta'ajjub) | تَعَجُّب (ta'ajjub) |
| oblique | تَعَجُّب (ta'ajjub) | تَعَجُّبوں (ta'ajjubõ) |
| vocative | تَعَجُّب (ta'ajjub) | تَعَجُّبو (ta'ajjubo) |

### References

* ↑ “تعجب”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

### Further reading

* “تعجب”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
* Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “تعجب”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]