# riail
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* riaghail (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle Irish ríagal, from Old Irish ríagol, ríagul (“rule; line, measure”), from Latin rēgula.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾˠiəlʲ/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈɾˠeːlˠ/, /ˈɾˠeːl̪ˠ/, (older) /ˈɾˠɤːlˠ/

### Noun

riail f (genitive singular rialach, nominative plural rialacha)
* rule, regulation, principle
* (ecclesiastical) code of discipline
* (law) order
* ruler; (typography) rule

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
riail
rialacha
vocative
a riail
a rialacha
genitive
rialach
rialacha
dative
riail rialaigh (archaic, dialectal)
rialacha
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an riail
na rialacha
genitive
na rialach
na rialacha
dative
leis an riail leis an rialaigh (archaic, dialectal) don riail don rialaigh (archaic, dialectal)
leis na rialacha :

#### Antonyms

* ainriail

#### Derived terms

* buanriail
* féinriail
* riail chruach (“steel rule”)
* riail chúirte (“rule of court”)
* riail ingir (“plumb-rule”)
* riail lúdraí (“sector”)
* riail na dtríonna (“rule of three”)
* riail ochtréid (“octet rule”)
* riail phráis (“brass rule”)
* riail treorach (“sighting rule”)
* riailbhéas (“regular habit, discipline”)
* riailchíos (“standard rent”)
* riailchiumhais (“straight edge”)
* riailéad (“reglet”)
* riailmhaide (“control rod”)
* rialaigh
* sár-riail

### Verb

riail (present analytic rialann, future analytic rialfaidh, verbal noun rial, past participle rialta)
* (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of rialaigh (“rule; govern, control; regulate; govern; line”)

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | rialaim | rialann tú; rialair$^†$ | rialann sé, sí | rialaimid | rialann sibh | rialann siad; rialaid$^†$ | a rialann; a rialas | rialtar |
| indicative | past | riail mé; rialas | riail tú; rialais | riail sé, sí | rialamar; riail muid | riail sibh; rialabhair | riail siad; rialadar | a riail / ar riail* | rialadh |
| indicative | past habitual | rialainn | rialtá | rialadh sé, sí | rialaimis; rialadh muid | rialadh sibh | rialaidís; rialadh siad | a rialadh / a rialadh* | rialtaí |
| future | future | rialfaidh mé; rialfad | rialfaidh tú; rialfair$^†$ | rialfaidh sé, sí | rialfaimid; rialfaidh muid | rialfaidh sibh | rialfaidh siad; rialfaid$^†$ | a rialfaidh; a rialfas | rialfar |
| conditional | conditional | rialfainn | rialfá | rialfadh sé, sí | rialfaimis; rialfadh muid | rialfadh sibh | rialfaidís; rialfadh siad | a rialfadh / a rialfadh* | rialfaí |
| subjunctive | present | go riala mé; go rialad$^†$ | go riala tú; go rialair$^†$ | go riala sé, sí | go rialaimid; go riala muid | go riala sibh | go riala siad; go rialaid$^†$ | — | go rialtar |
| subjunctive | past | dá rialainn | dá rialtá | dá rialadh sé, sí | dá rialaimis; dá rialadh muid | dá rialadh sibh | dá rialaidís; dá rialadh siad | — | dá rialtaí |
| imperative | imperative | rialaim | riail | rialadh sé, sí | rialaimis | rialaigí; rialaidh$^†$ | rialaidís | — | rialtar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | rial | rial | rial | rial | rial | rial | rial | rial |
| past participle | past participle | rialta | rialta | rialta | rialta | rialta | rialta | rialta | rialta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ríagal”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 115, page 61
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 73, page 31

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “riail”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “riail”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “riail”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025