# 出處
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chūchù
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨ ㄔㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot$^1$ cyu$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhut-chhìr / chhut-chhù / chhut-chhì
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cug$^4$ cu$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūchù
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄔㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuchù
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^1$-chʻu$^4$
*** Yale: chū-chù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuchuh
*** Palladius: чучу (čuču)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūchùr
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄔㄨˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuchùr
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^1$-chʻu$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: chū-chùr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuchull
*** Palladius: чучур (čučur)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰuɻʷ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceot$^1$ cyu$^3$
*** Yale: chēut chyu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet$^7$ tsy$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêd$^1$ qu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ t͡sʰyː³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-chhìr
*** Tâi-lô: tshut-tshìr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sʰɯ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-chhù
*** Tâi-lô: tshut-tshù
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhutzhux
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰu²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰu¹¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-chhì
*** Tâi-lô: tshut-tshì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhutchix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sʰi²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cug$^4$ cu$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuk tshù
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuk̚²⁻⁴ t͡sʰu²¹³/

#### Noun

出處
* source (of a quotation, citation, idiom, allusion, etc.); origin (of a product)

##### Synonyms

* 來源 / 来源 (láiyuán)
* 基本 (jīběn)
* 大本 (dàběn) (literary)
* 本源 (běnyuán)
* 根 (gēn)
* 根本 (gēnběn)
* 根源 (gēnyuán)
* 根頭 / 根头 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 泉源 (quányuán)
* 淵源 / 渊源 (yuānyuán)
* 源 (yuán) (literary, or in compounds)
* 源泉 (yuánquán) (figurative)
* 源頭 / 源头 (yuántóu) (figurative)
* 濫觴 / 滥觞 (lànshāng) (literary)
* 由來 / 由来 (yóulái)
* 起源 (qǐyuán)

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: 出処(しゅっしょ) (shussho)
* → Korean: 출처(出處) (chulcheo)
* → Vietnamese: xuất xứ (出處)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chūchǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨ ㄔㄨˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūchǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄔㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuchǔ
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^1$-chʻu$^3$
*** Yale: chū-chǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuchuu
*** Palladius: чучу (čuču)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Middle Chinese: tsyhwit tsyhoX
Rime :
| Character | 出 | 處 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) | 昌 (24) |
| Final (韻) | 術 (52) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 赤律切 | 昌與切 |
| Baxter | tsyhwit | tsyhoX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕʰiuɪt̚/ | /t͡ɕʰɨʌ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕʰʷit̚/ | /t͡ɕʰiɔ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕʰjuet̚/ | /t͡ɕʰiɔ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cʰwit̚/ | /cʰɨə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕʰiuĕt̚/ | /t͡ɕʰiɔ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕʰĭuĕt̚/ | /t͡ɕʰĭo$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕʰi̯uĕt̚/ | /t͡ɕʰi̯wo$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chu | chǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ceot$^1$ | cyu$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*t-kʰut t.qʰaʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰljuds kʰljaʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 出 | 處 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chū | chǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyhwit › | ‹ tsyho$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*t-kʰut/ | /*t.qʰaʔ/ |
| English | go or come out | be at |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 出 | 處 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| No. | 1545 | 5248 |
| Phonetic component | 出 | 虍 |
| Rime group | 隊 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 出 | 杵 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰljuds/ | /*kʰljaʔ/ |

#### Verb

出處
* (literary) to be an official or to resign and live in seclusion
    From: c. 806～810, Han Yu,《毛穎傳》, translated by William H. Nienhauser, Jr.
    Xiàng tuīzhì, qí chūchǔ bì xié. [Pinyin]
    They recommended one another, and when one would go out or stay in, the others had to go along.
    From: c. 1070, April 10, Sima Guang,《與王介甫書》, translated by Chu Chiyu and D. E. Pollard
    Jūnzǐ zhī dào: chūchǔ yǔmò. Ān kě tóng yě? [Pinyin]
    The gentleman's principle in dealing with the world is that he may go out or stay at home; he may speak up or keep silent as he sees proper. Then how can they all be alike?

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 出 | 處 |

### Noun

出處 • (chulcheo) (hangeul 출처)
* hanja form of 출처 (“source”)