# esponjar
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [əs.puɲˈʒa]
* IPA: (Balearic) [əs.poɲˈʒa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [es.poɲˈd͡ʒaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

esponjar (first-person singular present esponjo, first-person singular preterite espongí, past participle esponjat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/
* (transitive) to sponge up, to absorb with a sponge
* (transitive) to raze
* (pronominal) to fluff up (to become soft and porous)
* (pronominal, figurative) to swell, to become proud

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | esponjar | esponjar | esponjar | esponjar | esponjar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | esponjant | esponjant | esponjant | esponjant | esponjant |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | esponjat | esponjat | esponjada | esponjada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | esponjats | esponjats | esponjades | esponjades |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| indicative | present | esponjo | esponges | esponja | espongem | espongeu | espongen |
| indicative | imperfect | esponjava | esponjaves | esponjava | esponjàvem | esponjàveu | esponjaven |
| indicative | future | esponjaré | esponjaràs | esponjarà | esponjarem | esponjareu | esponjaran |
| indicative | preterite | espongí | esponjares | esponjà | esponjàrem | esponjàreu | esponjaren |
| indicative | conditional | esponjaria | esponjaries | esponjaria | esponjaríem | esponjaríeu | esponjarien |
| subjunctive | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| subjunctive | present | espongi | espongis | espongi | espongem | espongeu | espongin |
| subjunctive | imperfect | espongés | espongessis | espongés | espongéssim | espongéssiu | espongessin |
| imperative | | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès |
| imperative | affirmative | — | esponja | espongi | espongem | espongeu | espongin |
| imperative | negative (no) | — | no espongis | no espongi | no espongem | no espongeu | no espongin |

## Spanish
### Etymology

From esponja +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /esponˈxaɾ/ [es.põŋˈxaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: es‧pon‧jar

### Verb

esponjar (first-person singular present esponjo, first-person singular preterite esponjé, past participle esponjado)
* (transitive) to fluff up, make spongey
* (intransitive) to become spongey
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 319:La presencia de una menstruosa malogra el batido: la leche no cuaja y se vuelve suero, los huevos se convierten en aceite, la masa no esponja, etc.(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | esponjar | esponjar | esponjar | esponjar | esponjar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | esponjando | esponjando | esponjando | esponjando | esponjando |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | esponjado | esponjado | esponjada | esponjada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | esponjados | esponjados | esponjadas | esponjadas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | esponjo | esponjas$^{tú}$ esponjás$^{vos}$ | esponja | esponjamos | esponjáis | esponjan |
| indicative | imperfect | esponjaba | esponjabas | esponjaba | esponjábamos | esponjabais | esponjaban |
| indicative | preterite | esponjé | esponjaste | esponjó | esponjamos | esponjasteis | esponjaron |
| indicative | future | esponjaré | esponjarás | esponjará | esponjaremos | esponjaréis | esponjarán |
| indicative | conditional | esponjaría | esponjarías | esponjaría | esponjaríamos | esponjaríais | esponjarían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | esponje | esponjes$^{tú}$ esponjés$^{vos2}$ | esponje | esponjemos | esponjéis | esponjen |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | esponjara | esponjaras | esponjara | esponjáramos | esponjarais | esponjaran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | esponjase | esponjases | esponjase | esponjásemos | esponjaseis | esponjasen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | esponjare | esponjares | esponjare | esponjáremos | esponjareis | esponjaren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | esponja$^{tú}$ esponjá$^{vos}$ | esponje | esponjemos | esponjad | esponjen |
| imperative | negative | | no esponjes | no esponje | no esponjemos | no esponjéis | no esponjen |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “esponjar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28