OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1@NearTipFinger-PalmDown-1@CenterChesthigh-FingerUp CirclesHoriz 1@TipFinger-PalmDown-1@CenterChesthigh-FingerUp
## American Sign Language
### Production

* This two-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “1” handshape in front of the center of the chest, extended finger(s) of the nondominant hand pointing up. Posture the dominant hand in the “1” handshape near the nondominant hand’s fingertips, dominant palm facing down.
** Move the dominant hand in one or more horizontal circles around the nondominant hand before bringing it down so the tips of the two index fingers touch.
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “1” handshape in front of the center of the chest, extended finger(s) of the nondominant hand pointing up. Posture the dominant hand in the “1” handshape touching the tip(s) of the extended finger(s) of the nondominant hand, dominant palm facing down.
* When used interrogatively, this sign is produced with furrowed eyebrows, squinted eyes, head tilted, and a very small headshake (i.e. pivoting slightly from side to side, not nearly so much as that of a “no” gesture).

### Adverb

‌If you can, please upload a png or jpg image showing the production of this sign. (ASL gloss: WHEN)
* when
# 5@Thumb-PalmDown-5@SideChesthigh-PalmDown 5@Thumb-PalmDown-5@ContraSideChesthigh-PalmDown
## American Sign Language
### Production

* This two-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “5” handshape about half an arm’s length in front of and beside the chest, nondominant palm facing down. Posture the dominant hand in the “5” handshape with the dominant hand at the thumb of the nondominant hand, dominant palm facing down.
** Wiggle the fingers of both hands while moving them toward the dominant side.
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “5” handshape about half an arm’s length in front of and to the dominant side of the chest, nondominant palm facing down. Posture the dominant hand in the “5” handshape with the dominant hand at the thumb of the nondominant hand, dominant palm facing down.
| GUH Hand | LUH Hand | LUH Move | GUH Move | GUH Hand | LUH Hand |
| GUH Palm | LUH Palm | Second | Second | GUH Palm | LUH Palm |
| GUH Position | LUH Separation | Third | Third |
| 5-wiggling | 5-wiggling | Parallel | GUH Side | | |
| Down | Down | | | | |

### Adjective

(ASL gloss: CHARMED)
* charmed
# tegmen
## English
### Etymology

From New Latin, from Latin tegmen, syncopated form of tegimen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɛɡ.mən/

### Noun

tegmen (plural tegmens or tegmina)
* (biology) A covering or integument, usually referring to a thin layer or membrane in an organism.
* (botany) An integument such as the inner membrane of the coat of a seed.
* (anatomy) A covering such as the thin layer of bone in the roof of the middle ear of mammals.
* (entomology) In insects such as winged cockroaches and locusts, the stiff, membranous fore wings; in many species they are not primarily used for flight, but serve as protective covering for the delicate hind wings, which are the main organs of flight. The more heavily armoured fore-wings of most beetles are called elytra, not tegmina.

## Latin
### Etymology

From tegō (“I cover”) +‎ -men (noun-forming suffix).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈteɡ.men/, [ˈt̪ɛɡmɛn]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈteɡ.men/, [ˈt̪ɛɡmen]

### Noun

tegmen n (genitive tegminis); third declension
* Alternative form of tegimen

#### Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

### References

* “tegmen”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* tegmen in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
# Open8@NearChest-PalmBack 8@FromChest-PalmBack
## American Sign Language
### Production

* This one-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the dominant hand in the “open 8” handshape within a few inches from the chest, dominant palm facing back.
** Move the hand away from the chest while drawing the thumb and middle finger closed.
** Posture the dominant hand in the “8” handshape several inches from the chest, dominant palm facing back.

### Verb

(ASL gloss: LIKE)
* to like

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to like”): Open8@NearChest-PalmBack 8@NearChest-PalmBack Claw5@FromChest-PalmDown (“dislike”)
# Open8@Palm-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp Open8@InsideChesthigh-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp
## American Sign Language
### Production

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!
* This two-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “open B” handshape in front of the center of the chest, nondominant palm facing up. Posture the dominant hand in the “open 8” handshape with the dominant hand at the palm of the nondominant hand, dominant palm facing down.
** Move the dominant hand across the nondominant palm toward the dominant side of the body to the following posture while holding the nondominant hand still.
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “open B” handshape in front of the center of the chest, nondominant palm facing up. Posture the dominant hand in the “open 8” handshape about half arm’s length in front of the dominant side of the chest, dominant palm facing down.
| dominant hand (strong) | type contour plane quality local movement | hold | move straight (str)   contacting (contact) | move straight (str)   contacting (contact) | hold |
| dominant hand (strong) | Hand configuration Part of hand Proximity Spatial relation Contact location Part of hand facing Facing location Part of hand oriented Plane of orientation | ‘open 8’ (8u) fingertip (TIFI) at (c) palm (IN) palm (IN) ground (HP) tip of hand (TI) vertical (VP) | ‘open 8’ (8u) fingertip (TIFI) at (c) palm (IN) palm (IN) ground (HP) tip of hand (TI) vertical (VP) | ‘open 8’ (8u) fingertip (TIFI) med. close to (m) ipsilateral (ipsi) palm (IN) palm (IN) ground (HP) tip of hand (TI) vertical (VP) | ‘open 8’ (8u) fingertip (TIFI) med. close to (m) ipsilateral (ipsi) palm (IN) palm (IN) ground (HP) tip of hand (TI) vertical (VP) |
| nondominant hand (weak) | type contour plane quality local movement | hold | hold | hold | hold |
| nondominant hand (weak) | Hand configuration Part of hand Proximity Spatial relation Contact location Part of hand facing Facing location Part of hand oriented Plane of orientation | ‘open B’ (Bu) whole hand at (c) out from center of chest (m0CH) back of hand (BK) ground (HP) ? (TH) vertical (VP) | ‘open B’ (Bu) whole hand at (c) out from center of chest (m0CH) back of hand (BK) ground (HP) ? (TH) vertical (VP) | ‘open B’ (Bu) whole hand at (c) out from center of chest (m0CH) back of hand (BK) ground (HP) ? (TH) vertical (VP) | ‘open B’ (Bu) whole hand at (c) out from center of chest (m0CH) back of hand (BK) ground (HP) ? (TH) vertical (VP) |

### Adjective

‌If you can, please upload a png or jpg image showing the production of this sign. (ASL gloss: RUDE)
* rude; impolite

#### Synonyms

* (rude): Curved5@Palm-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp Curved5@InsideChesthigh-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp (“rough”)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “rude”): 5@Sternum-PalmAcross CircleMidline 5@CenterChesthigh-PalmAcross (“polite”)
# A@Chest-RadialBack Contact
## American Sign Language
### Alternative forms

* (rotated with the knuckles facing toward the signer) A@Chest-TipBack Contact
* (with the “open A” handshape) OpenA@Chest-RadialBack
* (emphatic form, made with a large, quick motion, without the repeated contact) A@Chest-RadialBack

### Etymology

The same handshape as various signs indicating oneself, e.g. A@RadialFinger-1@Center-FingerUp (“oneself”), and the same location as other first person pronouns.

### Production

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!
* This one-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the dominant hand in a shape similar to the “A” handshape (i.e. with the fingers together and curled into a fist, the thumb unopposed and closed) but with the tip of the thumb extended about an inch past the edge of the index finger on the chest, radial (thumb-side) edge of the dominant hand facing back.
** Touch the back of the thumb twice against the chest.
** Hold the hand still briefly.

### Noun

‌If you can, please upload a png or jpg image showing the production of this sign. (ASL glosses: MYSELF, SELF-ONLY-1)
* I myself; only I; I and no one else

#### Usage notes

This sign indicates that the signer alone satisfies the sentence predicate. This pronoun and the related SELF-ONLY signs are only used as subjects.

#### Related terms

* A@Chesthigh SmallFrontandback (“SELF-ONLY, you yourself, he himself, she herself”)
* A@IpsiChest-RadialBack A@ContraChest-RadialBack (“SELF-ONLY-PL-1, we ourselves”)
* A@Chesthigh RoundHoriz (“SELF-ONLY-PL, you yourselves, they themselves”)
* A@RadialFinger-1@Center-FingerUp (“self, oneself”)
# A@Sternumhigh-PalmDown-A@Sternumhigh-PalmDown A@Chesthigh-PalmDown-A@Chesthigh-PalmDown
## American Sign Language
### Etymology

From initial letter A of English able, using a movement similar to the ASL sign S@Sternumhigh-PalmDown-S@Sternumhigh-PalmDown S@Chesthigh-PalmDown-S@Chesthigh-PalmDown (“can”).

### Production

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!
* This two-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “A” handshape Sternumhigh, nondominant palm facing down. Posture the dominant hand in the “A” handshape Sternumhigh, dominant palm facing down.
** Move the hands downward firmly a short distance.
** Variations may double this movement.

### Adjective

‌If you can, please upload a png or jpg image showing the production of this sign. (ASL gloss: ABLE)
* able
# gragnola
## Italian
### Alternative forms

* gragnuola (literary)

### Etymology

From a Vulgar Latin root *grandeola, from Latin grandō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡraɲˈɲɔ.la/
* Rhymes: -ɔla
* Hyphenation: gra‧gnò‧la

### Noun

gragnola f (plural gragnole)
* hail, shower, flood, torrent (figurative, of abuse etc.)
    Synonym: scarica
* (meteorology) ice pellets

#### Related terms

* grandine

### Verb

gragnola
* inflection of gragnolare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* gragnola in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
# ᡥᠣᠵᠣ
## Manchu
### Adjective

ᡥᠣᠵᠣ • (hojo)
* beautiful, pretty, good-looking
* satisfactory
# umbonately
## English
### Etymology

From umbonate +‎ -ly.

### Adverb

umbonately
* In an umbonate manner.
# OpenA@Palm-ThumbDown-FlatB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp CirclesVert
## American Sign Language
### Etymology

Illustrative of paging through a book.

### Production

* This two-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “flat B” handshape in front of the center of the chest, nondominant palm facing up. Posture the dominant hand in the “open A” handshape with the dominant hand at the palm of the nondominant hand, thumb of the dominant hand pointing down.
** Move the dominant hand in a repeated circle, each moving from the palm to the nondominant side, then up, then back to the dominant side, then down, contacting the nondominant palm each time.
| GUH Hand | LUH Hand | LUH Move | GUH Move | GUH Hand | LUH Hand |
| GUH Palm | LUH Palm | Second | Second | GUH Palm | LUH Palm |
| GUH Position | LUH Separation | Third | Third |
| open-A | flat-B | | LUH Side-Up | | |
| Down | Up | | | | |
| | Touching on | | | | |
| | Underside | | | | |

### Noun

(ASL gloss: PAGE)
* page

### Verb

(ASL gloss: PAGE)
* to page through a book; to turn a the pages of a book
# BentB@BackFinger-PalmBack-BentB@CenterChesthigh-PalmBack C@Ulnar-PalmUp-C@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp 1@CenterChesthigh-TipFingerForward
## American Sign Language

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

### Etymology

HOW + YOU + raised eyebrows to indicate a question

### Production

* With eyebrows raised to indicate a question, sign HOW HOW, followed by YOU YOU.
| dominant hand (strong) | type contour plane quality local movement | hold | move straight (str) | move straight (str) | hold | move straight (str) | move straight (str) | hold |
| dominant hand (strong) | Hand configuration Part of hand Proximity Spatial relation Contact location Part of hand facing Facing location Part of hand oriented Plane of orientation | ‘open A’ (Au) back of finger (BKFI) at (c) back of finger (BKFI) back of hand (BK) forward (VP) base of hand (BA) vertical (VP) | ‘open A’ (Au) back of finger (BKFI) at (c) back of finger (BKFI) back of hand (BK) forward (VP) base of hand (BA) vertical (VP) | ‘C’ (B~o) ulnar edge of hand (UL) at (c) ulnar edge of hand (UL) back of hand (BK) ground (HP) base of hand (BA) vertical (VP) | ‘C’ (B~o) ulnar edge of hand (UL) at (c) ulnar edge of hand (UL) back of hand (BK) ground (HP) base of hand (BA) vertical (VP) | ‘C’ (B~o) ulnar edge of hand (UL) at (c) ulnar edge of hand (UL) back of hand (BK) ground (HP) base of hand (BA) vertical (VP) | ‘1’ (1o-p) whole hand at (c) ? (m0ST) fingertip (TIFI) forward (VP) hand midline plane (MP) | ‘1’ (1o-p) whole hand at (c) ? (m0ST) fingertip (TIFI) forward (VP) hand midline plane (MP) |
| nondominant hand (weak) | type contour plane quality local movement | hold | move straight (str) | move straight (str) | hold |
| nondominant hand (weak) | Hand configuration Part of hand Proximity Spatial relation Contact location Part of hand facing Facing location Part of hand oriented Plane of orientation | ‘open A’ (Au) whole hand at (c) out from breast (m1CH) back of hand (BK) forward (VP) base of hand (BA) midline plane (MP) | ‘open A’ (Au) whole hand at (c) out from breast (m1CH) back of hand (BK) forward (VP) base of hand (BA) midline plane (MP) | ‘C’ (B~o) ulnar edge of hand (UL) at (c) out from breast (m1CH) back of hand (BK) ground (HP) base of hand (BA) vertical (VP) | ‘C’ (B~o) ulnar edge of hand (UL) at (c) out from breast (m1CH) back of hand (BK) ground (HP) base of hand (BA) vertical (VP) |
* Stokoe:A$_{⊤*}$$^ɑ$C$_{ɑ*}$ ØG$_<$
| GUH Hand | LUH Hand | LUH Move | GUH Move | GUH Hand | LUH Hand |
| GUH Palm | LUH Palm | Second | Second | GUH Palm | LUH Palm |
| GUH Position | LUH Separation | Third | Third |
| bent-B | bent-B | Parallel | Rotate | bent-B | bent-B |
| In | In | | | Up | Up |
| | Touching on | | | | |
| | LUH Side | | | | |
| 1 | | | | | |
| Down | | | | | |

### Phrase

(ASL gloss: HOW YOU?)
* how are you?

#### Synonyms

* (how are you): (informal) WHATS-UP?
# BentB@BackHand-PalmDown-FlatB@CenterChesthigh-PalmDown Contact
## American Sign Language
### Etymology

Illustrative of the sun (represented by the finger tips of the dominant hand) dropping over the horizon (represented by the nondominant arm). Compare other signs that represent the sun as the dominant hand and the horizon as the nondominant forearm: FlatB@DistalInsideChesthigh-PalmUp-FlatB@BaseForearm-PalmDown (“morning”), FlatB@InsideNeckhigh-FingerUp-FlatB@BaseForearm-PalmDown (“noon”), FlatB@InsideNeckhigh-PalmForwardDown-FlatB@BaseForearm-PalmDown (“afternoon”), 9@CenterTrunkhigh-PalmDown-FlatB@BaseForearm-PalmDown 9@CenterChesthigh-PalmDown-FlatB@BaseForearm-PalmDown (“sunrise”), 9@CenterChesthigh-PalmDown-FlatB@BaseForearm-PalmDown 9@CenterTrunkhigh-PalmDown-FlatB@BaseForearm-PalmDown (“sunset”).

### Production

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!
* This two-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “flat B” handshape in front of the center of the chest, nondominant palm facing down. Posture the dominant hand in the “bent B” handshape with the dominant hand at the back of the nondominant hand, dominant palm facing down.
** Tap the heel of the dominant hand about twice on the back of the nondominant hand.

### Noun

‌If you can, please upload a png or jpg image showing the production of this sign. (ASL gloss: NIGHT)
* night; evening
* tonight

#### Derived terms

* BentB@BackWrist-PalmDown-FlatB@CenterChesthigh-PalmDown Contact BentB@BackFinger-PalmDown-FlatB@CenterChesthigh-PalmDown (“nightly, every night”)
# OpenB@Chin-PalmBack-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp OpenB@Palm-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp
## American Sign Language
### Etymology

(Alternative #1) Rewarding for speaking correctly hence the gesture for "You speak correctly, good!"
(Alternative #2) A gesture for warm air out of mouth which indicate that it's "good".
(Alternative #3) Affordable to buy food. Mouth for food to eat, hand downward for a gesture of holding a bag of money.
Look at each international sign language for the transformation of a word "Good".
French: "Bon" - http://media.spreadthesign.com/video/mp4/10/14618.mp4
Spanish: "bueno" - http://media.spreadthesign.com/video/mp4/5/14611.mp4
Ukrainian: "добро" - http://media.spreadthesign.com/video/mp4/31/110480.mp4
Polish: "dobry" - http://media.spreadthesign.com/video/mp4/19/59015.mp4

### Production

* This two-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “open B” handshape in front of the center of the chest, nondominant palm facing up. Posture the dominant hand in the “B” handshape at the chin, dominant palm facing back.
** Hold the dominant hand briefly in this posture. Hold the nondominant hand in this posture for the duration of the sign.
** Move the dominant hand downward to contact the nondominant palm in the next posture.
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “open B” handshape in front of the center of the chest, nondominant palm facing up. Posture the dominant hand in the “B” handshape with the dominant hand at the palm of the nondominant hand, dominant palm facing up.

### Adjective

(ASL gloss: GOOD)
* good
    1@CenterChesthigh@FingerForward B@Chin-PalmBack-B@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp B@Palm-PalmUp-B@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp FlatC@Forehead-FingerAcross FlatO@Forehead-FingerAcross
    PRO GOOD BOY. (“He is a good boy.”)

### Adverb

(ASL gloss: WELL)
* well
# OpenB@Chin-PalmBack OpenB@FromChin-PalmDown
## American Sign Language
### Etymology

Negative incorporation into OpenB@Chin-PalmBack-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp OpenB@Palm-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp (“good”).

### Production

* This one-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the dominant hand in the “open B” handshape at the chin, dominant palm facing back.
** Rotate the hand forward while moving it forward and aside.
** Posture the dominant hand in the “open B” handshape several inches from the chin, dominant palm facing down.

### Adjective

(ASL gloss: BAD)
* bad

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “bad”): OpenB@Chin-PalmBack-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp OpenB@Palm-PalmUp-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp (“good”)
# OpenB@Palm-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp Contact Contact
## American Sign Language
### Etymology

Imitates a teacher clapping the hands for students’ attention.

### Production

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!
* Posture the dominant hand in .
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “open B” handshape in front of the center of the chest, nondominant palm facing up. Posture the dominant hand in the “open B” handshape with the dominant hand at the palm of the nondominant hand, dominant palm facing down.
** Clap the hands about two times.

### Noun

‌If you can, please upload a png or jpg image showing the production of this sign. (ASL gloss: SCHOOL)
* school

#### Derived terms

* OpenB@Palm-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp Contact CirclesVert OpenB@CenterSternumhigh-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp (“college”)
# H@BackFinger-FingerAcrossPalmDown-H@CenterChesthigh-PalmDown
## American Sign Language
### Alternative forms

* The fingers of the dominant hand are usually curved by flexing loosely at the medial and distal joints.

### Etymology

The index and middle finger of the nondominant hand represent the seat. The dominant hand is in a configuration related to the classifier BentV-PalmDown (CL-SEATED-BIPED).

### Production

* This two-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “H” handshape in front of the center of the chest, nondominant palm facing down. Posture the dominant hand in the “H” handshape with the dominant hand at the back of the extended finger(s) of the nondominant hand, extended fingers of the dominant hand pointing across the body toward the nondominant side (contralaterally) and palm facing down.

### Verb

(ASL gloss: SIT)
* to sit
# H@TipPalm-PalmDown-OpenB@CenterChesthigh-PalmUp Contact H@BasePalm H@TipPalm Contact H@BasePalm H@TipPalm Contact H@BasePalm
## American Sign Language
### Etymology

Imitative of spreading butter using a knife represented by the strong hand with the “H” handshape (a shape frequently used in ASL to represent a knife) onto bread represented by the weak hand with the “open B” handshape (a shape frequently used to represent a flat object).

### Production

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!
* This two-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the nondominant hand in the “open B” handshape in front of the center of the chest, nondominant palm facing up. Posture the dominant hand in the “H” handshape at the tip of the nondominant palm, dominant palm facing down.
    Hold the nondominant hand in this posture for the entire duration of the sign.
** Draw the fingers of the dominant hand over the nondominant palm toward its base.
** Posture the dominant hand in the “H” handshape at the base of the nondominant palm.
** Move the dominant hand to the starting posture and repeat at least once, typically twice.
    Hold the hands briefly in the final posture.

### Noun

‌If you can, please upload a png or jpg image showing the production of this sign. (ASL gloss: BUTTER)
* butter
* margarine
# K@Shoulder K@Abdomen
## American Sign Language
### Etymology

From initial k of English king, in a motion common among terms for royalty, apparently representing a royal sash; compare G@Shoulder-PalmDown G@Abdomen-PalmDown (QUEEN, “queen”).

### Production

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!
* This one-handed ASL sign is produced as follows:
** Posture the dominant hand in the “K” handshape with the dominant hand at the nondominant shoulder, extended finger(s) of the dominant hand pointing up.
** Move the hand diagonally downward to the following posture.
** Posture the dominant hand in the “K” handshape with the dominant hand on the dominant side of the abdomen (the lower part of the trunk, just above the waist).

### Noun

‌If you can, please upload a png or jpg image showing the production of this sign. (ASL gloss: KING)
* king (male monarch)