# वन
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वन (vana). Doublet of बन (ban).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʋən/, [ʋɐ̃n]

### Noun

वन • (van) m (Urdu spelling ون)
* forest, jungle, woods
    Synonyms: जंगल (jaṅgal), बन (ban)
    यह भयानक वन सैकड़ों किलोमीटर तक फैला था।yah bhayānak van saikṛõ kilomīṭar tak phailā thā.This dreadful forest stretched for hundreds of kilometers.

#### Declension
### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “वन”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

## Mewari
### Noun

वन (van) m
* forest, jungle
* desolate wild place

## Nepali
### Alternative forms

* बन (ban)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit वन (vana).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bʌn]
* Phonetic Devanagari: बन्

### Noun

वन • (van)
* forest
    Synonym: जङ्गल (jaṅgal)
* garden

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ “वन”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎, Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018

### Further reading

* Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “बन”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* vana (Latin script)
* 𑀯𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* ৰন (Bengali script)
* වන (Sinhalese script)
* ဝန or ဝၼ (Burmese script)
* วน or วะนะ (Thai script)
* ᩅᨶ (Tai Tham script)
* ວນ or ວະນະ (Lao script)
* វន (Khmer script)
* 𑅇𑄚 (Chakma script)

### Noun

वन n
* Devanagari script form of vana

#### Declension
### Verb

वन
* Devanagari script form of vana, imperative active second-person singular of वनति (vanati, “to desire”)

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱন (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬦ (Balinese script)
* বন (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* ဝန (Burmese script)
* વન (Gujarati script)
* ਵਨ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑌨 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦤ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂢 (Kaithi script)
* ವನ (Kannada script)
* វន (Khmer script)
* ວນ (Lao script)
* വന (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘡 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠠᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐣 (Newa script)
* ଵନ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢥ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆤 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖡 (Siddham script)
* වන (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩯 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚝 (Takri script)
* வந (Tamil script)
* వన (Telugu script)
* วน (Thai script)
* ཝ་ན (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Thematised from वन् (ván, “tree, wood”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wán- (“tree, wood”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬥𐬁 (vanā, “tree”), Pashto ونه (wëna, “tree”), Sogdian wn (“tree”), Middle Persian [script needed] (wan /⁠wn'⁠/, “tree”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋɐ́.nɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈʋɐ.n̪ɐ/

### Noun

वन • (vána) stem, n
* (Vedic) a tree
    Synonym: वृक्ष (vṛkṣa)
* a forest, wood, grove, thicket, quantity of lotuses or other plants growing in a thick cluster
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.60.10:तमी॑ळिष्व॒ यो अ॒र्चिषा॒ वना॒ विश्वा॑ परि॒ष्वज॑त्। कृ॒ष्णा कृ॒णोति॑ जि॒ह्वया॑॥támīḷiṣva yó arcíṣā vánā víśvā pariṣvájat. kṛṣṇā́ kṛṇóti jihváyā.Glorify that Agni who envelopes all the forests with flame, who blackens them with (his) tongue.
* a foreign or distant land
* wood, timber
* a wooden vessel or barrel (for the soma juice)
* a cloud (as the vessel in the sky)
* (prob.) the body of a carriage
* abode
* coco-grass (Cyperus rotundus)
* a ray of light
    Synonym: रश्मि (raśmi)
* (prob.) longing, earnest desire

#### Descendants

* Paisaci Prakrit:
** Punjabi: ਵਣ (vaṇa)
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀡 (vaṇa)
** Hindi: बन (ban)
* Bengali: বন (bon)
* → Malayalam: വനം (vanaṁ)
* → Tamil: வனம் (vaṉam)
* → Kannada: ವನ (vana)
* → Old Javanese: wana
** > Javanese: ꦮꦤ (wana) (inherited)
*** → Indonesian: wana
** → Balinese: ᬯᬦ (wana)
* → Sundanese: ᮝᮔ (wana)
* Sinhalese: වනය (wanaya)
* Sindhi: वणु sg (vaṇu, “tree”)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “वन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 917, column 2.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “ván-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 500
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vána”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press