# 鯔

| 鯔 | U+9BD4, &#39892; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BD4 |
| ← 鯓 [U+9BD3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鯕 → [U+9BD5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鯔 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+8, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓火女女田 (NFVVW), four-corner 2236$_3$, composition ⿰魚甾)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1472, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46208
* Dae Jaweon: page 2004, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4699, character 13
* Unihan data for U+9BD4

## Chinese

* 鯔

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 輜 | *ʔsrɯ, *sʰrɯ |
| 淄 | *ʔsrɯ |
| 錙 | *ʔsrɯ |
| 緇 | *ʔsrɯ |
| 甾 | *ʔsrɯ |
| 菑 | *ʔsrɯ, *ʔsɯː, *ʔsɯː |
| 鶅 | *ʔsrɯ, *ʔsrɯs |
| 椔 | *ʔsrɯ, *ʔsrɯs |
| 鯔 | *ʔsrɯ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zī (zi$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄗ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zi$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zī
*** Zhuyin: ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zih
*** Wade–Giles: tzŭ$^1$
*** Yale: dz̄
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzy
*** Palladius: цзы (czy)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sz̩⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zi$^1$
*** Yale: jī
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ji$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siː⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu
*** Tâi-lô: tsu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zw
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tsri
Rime :
| Character | 鯔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 側持切 |
| Baxter | tsri |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃɨ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂɨ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃie/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃiə/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃĭə/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhī |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zi$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsrɯ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鯔 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17828 |
| Phonetic component | 甾 |
| Rime group | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 葘 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsrɯ/ |

### Definitions

鯔
* flathead mullet (Mugil cephalus)

### Compounds

* 鯔魚 / 鲻鱼 (zīyú)
* 鯔魚頭 / 鲻鱼头

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): し (shi)
* Kun: ぼら (bora, 鯔)、とど (todo, 鯔)、いな (ina, 鯔)、なよし (nayoshi, 鯔)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 鯔
* ぼら Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 鰡
Unknown. Japanese dictionaries do not indicate when this term first appears in text.
Monolingual sources speculate that this may be from some element ho ("fat") + 腹 (hara, “belly”), but there is no solid evidence for any ho element with this meaning; the closest by sound is 頬 (ho, “cheek”, from ancient popo), and the closest by meaning is 太 (futo, “fatness”, from ancient puto).
The same fish name has suggestive overlap with Sahidic Coptic ⲃⲱⲣⲉ (bōre), Bohairic Coptic ⲫⲟⲣⲓ (phori) and ϥⲟⲣⲓ (fori), whence its modern Arabic name بُورِي (būrī).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぼら [bòrá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [bo̞ɾa̠]

#### Noun

鯔(ぼら) or 鯔(ボラ) • (bora)
* flathead mullet, Mugil cephalus

##### Usage notes

* As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).
* This fish has different names (出世魚) depending on regional dialect and the size of the fish. For a fuller list, see ボラ on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{ja}$ (in Japanese).

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 鯔
* とど Hyōgai
* kun'yomi

#### Noun

鯔(とど) or 鯔(トド) • (todo)
* a fully grown flathead mullet, Mugil cephalus

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 鯔
* いな Hyōgai
* kun'yomi

#### Noun

鯔(いな) or 鯔(イナ) • (ina)
* a juvenile flathead grey mullet, Mugil cephalus

### Etymology 4

* Kanji in this term
* 鯔
* なよし Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 名吉

#### Noun

鯔(なよし) • (nayoshi)
* (archaic) Synonym of 鯔 (bora, “flathead mullet, Mugil cephalus”)

### Usage notes

The fish Mugil cephalus is variously called ボラ, トド, イナ or ナヨシ. The former term is most general, or sometimes refers specifically to specimens of about 30 to 40 cm in total length. The term イナ sometimes refers specifically to young specimens under 20 cm in length, as does the archaic ナヨシ, though イナ can also refer to the species generally. The form トド refers to the largest specimens, usually over 50 cm. Mullet less than 10 cm are sometimes called スバシリ (subashiri) or オボコ (oboko).

### References

* 1 2 3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Entry at Gogen-Allguide (in Japanese)
* ↑ Entry at Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)
* 1 2 3 4 “鯔”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
* ↑ 2001, プログレッシブ和英中辞典 (Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

## Korean
### Hanja

鯔 • (chi) (hangeul 치, revised chi, McCune–Reischauer ch'i, Yale chi)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鯔: Hán Nôm readings: trê, tri, truy
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation