# 何必
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hébì
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄅㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ho$^4$ bit$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hò-pit
    (Hailu, HRS): ho bid
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hô-pit / hô͘-pit
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$wu-piq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hébì
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄅㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hébì
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^2$-pi$^4$
*** Yale: hé-bì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: herbih
*** Palladius: хэби (xɛbi)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ³⁵ pi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ho$^4$ bit$^1$
*** Yale: hòh bīt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ho$^4$ bit$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ho$^4$ bid$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔː²¹ piːt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hò-pit
*** Hakka Romanization System: ho$^ˇ$ bid$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ho$^2$ bid$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ho¹¹ pit̚²/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ho bid
*** Sinological IPA: /ho⁵⁵ pit⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô-pit
*** Tâi-lô: hô-pit
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoi'pid
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ho²⁴⁻²² pit̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴⁻¹¹ pit̚³²/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho¹³⁻²² pit̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³⁻³³ pit̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô͘-pit
*** Tâi-lô: hôo-pit
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ho'pid
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /hɔ²⁴⁻²² pit̚⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$wu-piq
*** MiniDict: wu$^去$ pih
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhu-piq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦu²² piɪʔ⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: ha pjit
Rime :
| Character | 何 | 必 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) | 質 (48) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 胡歌切 | 卑吉切 |
| Baxter | ha | pjit |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦɑ/ | /piɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦɑ/ | /pit̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɑ/ | /pjet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦa/ | /pit̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɑ/ | /piĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɑ/ | /pĭĕt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣɑ/ | /pi̯ĕt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hé | bi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ho$^4$ | bat$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤaj pi[t]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːl pliɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 何 | 必 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hé | bì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ha › | ‹ pjit › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁaj/ | /*pi[t]/ |
| English | what | necessarily |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 何 | 必 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7458 | 568 |
| Phonetic component | 可 | 必 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 質 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 何 | 必 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaːl/ | /*pliɡ/ |

### Adverb

何必
* (in rhetorical questions) why; why on earth (i.e. there is no need); why bother
       Tā yǐ bù ài nǐ, hébì ne? [Pinyin]
       He doesn't love you anymore, so what's the point?
    From: Western Jin, 魯褒, 錢神論
    Qián zhī suǒ yòu, jí wú bùlì. Hébì dúshū, ránhòu fùguì! [Pinyin]
    Those who are blessed by money are lucky and without misfortune. Why bother studying, and with that achieve wealth and social position?

#### Synonyms

* 乜使 (Hokkien)
* 何乜苦 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 何得苦 (Hokkien)
* 何苦 (hékǔ)
* 何苦來／何苦来 (hékǔlái)
* 何須／何须 (héxū) (literary)
* 抑使 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 抑著 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 敢著／敢着 (Hokkien)
* 煞著 (Hokkien)
* 甲使 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 甲著／甲着 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

#### Derived terms

* 何必當初／何必当初
* 既有今日，何必當初／既有今日，何必当初 (jìyǒu jīnrì hébì dāngchū)
* 早知今日，何必當初／早知今日，何必当初 (zǎozhī jīnrì, hébì dāngchū)

### References

* “Entry #2902”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 何 | 必 |

### Adverb

何必 • (hapil) (hangeul 하필)
* hanja form of 하필 (“of all things”)