# 湊

| 湊 | U+6E4A, &#28234; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E4A |
| ← 湉 [U+6E49] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 湋 → [U+6E4B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

湊 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水手大大 (EQKK), four-corner 3513$_4$, composition ⿰氵奏)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 636, character 22
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17822
* Dae Jaweon: page 1043, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1666, character 9
* Unihan data for U+6E4A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 湊
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 奏 | *ʔsoːs |
| 凑 | *sʰoːs |
| 腠 | *sʰoːs |
| 輳 | *sʰoːs |
| 楱 | *sʰoːs, *zoːs |
| 湊 | *sʰoːs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰoːs) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 奏 (OC *ʔsoːs).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): còu (cou$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄘㄡˋ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): цу (cu, III)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cau$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ceu$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chheu
    (Hailu, HRS): ceu$^ˇ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): cháiu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cao$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhàu / chhò / chhò͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cou$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tsheu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: còu
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: còu
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻou$^4$
*** Yale: tsòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsow
*** Palladius: цоу (cou)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰoʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: цу (cu, III)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰou⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cau$^3$
*** Yale: chau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsau$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ceo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐu̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ceu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰeu³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chheu
*** Hakka Romanization System: ceu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ceu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰeu̯⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ceu$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰeu¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cháiu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɑu²¹³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: cao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰau⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhàu
*** Tâi-lô: tshàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhaux
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰau¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰau²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhò
*** Tâi-lô: tshò
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhoix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰo⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhò͘
*** Tâi-lô: tshòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhox
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔ²¹/
* chhàu - vernacular;
* chhò/chhò͘ - literary.
* Middle Chinese: tshuwH
Rime :
| Character | 湊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 倉奏切 |
| Baxter | tshuwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰəu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰəu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰəw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰəu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡sʰə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | còu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cau$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰoːs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 湊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 17913 |
| Phonetic component | 奏 |
| Rime group | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 輳 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰoːs/ |

### Definitions

湊
* to gather together; to assemble
* to approach; to come closer; to draw near
* to be close; to be near
* to happen by chance
* (Cantonese) to look after; to babysit
       ngo$^5$ hai$^6$ aa$^3$ po$^4$ cau$^3$ daai$^6$. [Jyutping]
       I was raised by my grandma.

#### Synonyms

* (to gather together):
* 允集 (yǔnjí) (literary)
* 匯 / 汇 (huì)
* 匯總 / 汇总 (huìzǒng)
* 匯聚 / 汇聚 (huìjù)
* 匯集 / 汇集 (huìjí)
* 叢集 / 丛集 (cóngjí)
* 團聚 / 团聚 (tuánjù)
* 坌集 (bènjí) (literary)
* 委會 / 委会 (wěihuì) (literary)
* 密集 (mìjí)
* 彙集 / 汇集 (huìjí)
* 徵集 / 征集 (zhēngjí)
* 採 / 采 (cǎi)
* 採擷 / 采撷 (literary)
* 採集 / 采集 (cǎijí)
* 搜羅 / 搜罗 (sōuluó)
* 搜集 (sōují)
* 摟 / 搂 (lōu)
* 攏 / 拢 (lǒng)
* 攢 / 攒 (cuán)
* 攢聚 / 攒聚 (cuánjù)
* 攢集 / 攒集 (cuánjí)
* 收羅 / 收罗 (shōuluó)
* 收錄 / 收录 (shōulù)
* 收集 (shōují)
* 會合 / 会合 (huìhé)
* 會聚 / 会聚 (huìjù)
* 會集 / 会集 (huìjí)
* 湊集 / 凑集 (còují)
* 相聚 (xiāngjù)
* 籌集 / 筹集 (chóují)
* 糾合 / 纠合 (jiūhé) (literary)
* 糾集 / 纠集 (jiūjí) (derogatory)
* 群集 (qúnjí)
* 聚 (jù)
* 聚合 (jùhé)
* 聚攏 / 聚拢 (jùlǒng)
* 聚斂 / 聚敛 (jùliǎn)
* 聚會 / 聚会 (jùhuì)
* 聚集 (jùjí)
* 聚首 (jùshǒu) (formal, usually of leaders, important figures)
* 蒐集 (sōují)
* 薈萃 / 荟萃 (huìcuì) (literary)
* 蝟集 / 猬集 (wèijí) (literary)
* 調集 / 调集 (diàojí)
* 集 (jí) (literary, or in compounds)
* 集中 (jízhōng)
* 集合 (jíhé)
* 集會 / 集会 (jíhuì)
* 集結 / 集结 (jíjié)
* 麇集 (qúnjí) (literary)
* (to approach):
* 守 (shǒu)
* 挨 (āi)
* 挨著 / 挨着 (āizhe)
* 接觸 / 接触 (jiēchù)
* 搭倚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 攏 / 拢 (lǒng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 攏邊 / 拢边 (long$^3$ bienn$^1$) (Xiang)
* 沾
* 涉獵 / 涉猎 (shèliè)
* 觸及 / 触及 (chùjí)
* 近前 (jìnqián) (literary)
* 靠攏 / 靠拢 (kàolǒng)
* 靠近 (kàojìn)
* (to be close):
* 倚近 (Hokkien)
* 傍依 (bàngyī)
* 傍邊 / 傍边 (bàngbiān) (colloquial)
* 向邇 / 向迩 (xiàng'ěr) (literary)
* 把 (colloquial)
* 挨近 (āijìn)
* 挨邊 / 挨边 (āibiān) (colloquial, to be close to an age or number)
* 接 (jiē)
* 接近 (jiējìn)
* 擦 (cā)
* 比鄰 / 比邻 (bǐlín) (literary)
* 瀕於 / 濒于 (bīnyú) (of something undesirable)
* 瀕臨 / 濒临 (bīnlín)
* 相鄰 / 相邻 (xiānglín)
* 臨近 / 临近 (línjìn)
* 親近 / 亲近 (qīnjìn)
* 鄰近 / 邻近 (línjìn)
* 附 (fù)
* 靠近 (kàojìn)

### References

* “湊”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* port, harbor
* to gather together, to congregate

#### Readings

* Go-on: す (su)
* Kan-on: そう (sō)
* Kun: みなと (minato, 湊)、あつまる (atsumaru, 湊まる)

### Proper noun

湊(みなと) • (Minato)
* a surname

## Korean
### Hanja

湊 (eum 주 (ju))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

湊: Hán Nôm readings: tấu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation