# 三月
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): sānyuè
       (Zhuyin): ㄙㄢ ㄩㄝˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): san$^1$ yue$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): санйүә (sanyüə, I-II)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saam$^1$ jyut$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sâm-ngie̍t / sâm-ngia̍t
    (Meixian, Guangdong): sam$^1$ ngiad$^6$
* Northern Min (KCR): sáng-ngṳè
* Eastern Min (BUC): săng-nguŏk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): saⁿ-ge̍rh / saⁿ-ge̍h / saⁿ-goe̍h / saⁿ-gēr / saⁿ-gōe
    (Teochew, Peng'im): san$^1$ ghuêh$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$se-yuq; $^1$se-yoq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sānyuè
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ ㄩㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sanyuè
*** Wade–Giles: san$^1$-yüeh$^4$
*** Yale: sān-ywè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanyueh
*** Palladius: саньюэ (sanʹjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /sän⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: san$^1$ yue$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sanje
*** Sinological IPA : /san⁵⁵ ye²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: санйүә (sanyüə, I-II)
*** Sinological IPA : /sæ̃²⁴ yə⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saam$^1$ jyut$^6$
*** Yale: sāam yuht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saam$^1$ jyt$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sam$^1$ yud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːm⁵⁵ jyːt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sâm-ngie̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: sam$^ˊ$ ngied
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sam$^1$ ngiad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sam²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sâm-ngia̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: sam$^ˊ$ ngiad
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sam$^1$ ngiad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sam²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: sam$^1$ ngiad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /sam⁴⁴ ŋiat̚⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sáng-ngṳè
*** Sinological IPA : /saŋ⁵⁴ ŋyɛ⁴²/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: săng-nguŏk
*** Sinological IPA : /saŋ⁵⁵ ŋuoʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-ge̍rh
*** Tâi-lô: sann-ge̍rh
*** IPA (Singapore): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡəʔ⁴³/
*** IPA (Lukang): /sã³³ ɡəʔ³⁵/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡəʔ⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sã³³ ɡəʔ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu, Singapore, Philippines, Jinjiang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-ge̍h
*** Tâi-lô: sann-ge̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sva'geh
*** IPA (Philippines, Jinjiang): /sã³³ ɡeʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡeʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡeʔ⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Singapore, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-goe̍h
*** Tâi-lô: sann-gue̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sva'goeh
*** IPA (Penang): /sã³³⁻²¹ ɡueʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Tainan, Kaohsiung): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡueʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² ɡueʔ⁴³/
** (Hokkien: Sanxia)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-gēr
*** Tâi-lô: sann-gēr
** (Hokkien: Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-gōe
*** Tâi-lô: sann-guē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sva'goe
*** IPA (Yilan): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡue³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: san$^1$ ghuêh$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: saⁿ gue̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /sã³³⁻²³ ɡueʔ⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$se-yuq; $^1$se-yoq
*** MiniDict: se$^平$ yuih; se$^平$ yoh
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$se-hhyq; $^1$se-hhioq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /se⁵⁵ ɦyɪʔ²¹/, /se⁵⁵ ɦioʔ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: sam|samH ngjwot
Rime :
| Character | 三 | 三 | 月 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 心 (16) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) | 談 (143) | 月 (68) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I | III |
| Fanqie | 蘇甘切 | 蘇暫切 | 魚厥切 |
| Baxter | sam | samH | ngjwot |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɑm/ | /sɑm$^H$/ | /ŋʉɐt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sɑm/ | /sɑm$^H$/ | /ŋʷiɐt̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sɑm/ | /sɑm$^H$/ | /ŋiuɐt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sam/ | /sam$^H$/ | /ŋuat̚/ |
| Li Rong | /sɑm/ | /sɑm$^H$/ | /ŋiuɐt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /sɑm/ | /sɑm$^H$/ | /ŋĭwɐt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /sɑm/ | /sɑm$^H$/ | /ŋi̯wɐt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sān | sàn | yuè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saam$^1$ | saam$^3$ | jyut$^6$ |

### Noun

三月
* March, the third month of the Gregorian solar calendar.
* The modern name for the third month of the Chinese lunar calendar.

#### Synonyms

* (Xiang) 三月子, 三月間子／三月间子
* (lunar month): 桃月 (Táoyuè), 陽春／阳春 (yángchūn), 暮春 (Mùchūn), 蠶月／蚕月 (cányuè), 鶯月／莺月, 暮月, 鸝月／鹂月, 季春 (jìchūn), 炳月, 三春 (sānchūn), 綢月／绸月

## Japanese
### Etymology

Kanji in this term :
| 三 | 月 |
| さん Grade: 1 | がつ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 3月
三 (san, “three”) +‎ 月 (-gatsu, “month”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) さんがつ [sáꜜǹgàtsù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [sã̠ŋɡa̠t͡sɨ]

### Noun

三(さん)月(がつ) • (sangatsu)
* March
    春(はる)はアメリカで三月(さんがつ)に正式(せいしき)に開(かい)始(し)。
       Haru wa Amerika de sangatsu ni seishiki ni kaishi.
       In America, spring officially starts in March.

#### Synonyms

* 弥生(やよい) (yayoi)

### See also

* 三(さん)ヶ月(げつ) (sangagetsu)
* (Gregorian calendar months) 一(いち)月(がつ) (ichigatsu), 二(に)月(がつ) (nigatsu), 三(さん)月(がつ) (sangatsu), 四(し)月(がつ) (shigatsu), 五(ご)月(がつ) (gogatsu), 六(ろく)月(がつ) (rokugatsu), 七(しち)月(がつ) (shichigatsu), 八(はち)月(がつ) (hachigatsu), 九(く)月(がつ) (kugatsu), 十(じゅう)月(がつ) (jūgatsu), 十(じゅう)一(いち)月(がつ) (jūichigatsu), 十(じゅう)二(に)月(がつ) (jūnigatsu)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (2016), NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2020), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kenbou, Hidetoshi et al., editors (2021), 三省堂国語辞典 [Sanseidō kokugo jiten] (in Japanese), Eighth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 三 | 月 |

### Noun

三月 • (samwol) (hangeul 삼월)
* hanja form of 삼월 (“March”)