# 咅

| 咅 | U+5485, &#21637; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5485 |
| ← 咄 [U+5484] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 咆 → [U+5486] |

## Translingual
### Han character

咅 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿口 (YTR), composition ⿱立口)

#### Derived characters

* 倍, 㖣, 培, 婄, 㟝, 㥉, 掊, 涪, 陪, 𢮏, 棓, 殕, 焙, 𤗏, 犃, 琣, 䏽, 碚, 稖, 𬡣, 䋨, 䍌, 䎧, 𦩜, 𬠗, 𭙄, 𮘟, 賠(赔), 踣, 醅, 𱋝, 𣾾, 錇(锫), 鞛, 餢(𱃾), 𫮷, 𧷯, 𩸬(𬶜), 䴺, 𮮚, 𬹰
* 𡯳, 𰻅, 毰, 𡯷, 䞳, 𭐭, 䬏, 𮮮, 剖, 勏, 部, 𢧂, 㪗, 敨, 㰴, 𰚢, 𥪇, 𤬃, 瓿, 𫫌, 𠹪, 𪡳, 𮝼, 郶, 𨿦, 䫓, 𱃆, 𥪾, 䳝, 𤉿, 菩, 箁, 䯽, 𡃠, 𢒷, 𩔻, 𠣭, 㾦, 䦣
* 𠶷, 𢡃, 𢵾, 𠾈, 𦅹, 𣬙, 𧽴

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 184, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3483
* Dae Jaweon: page 403, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 608, character 7
* Unihan data for U+5485

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 咅 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 蓓 | *bɯːʔ, *bɯːʔ |
| 倍 | *bɯːʔ |
| 菩 | *bɯːʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː, *bɯːɡ |
| 掊 | *bruː, *poːʔ, *bɯ, *bɯ |
| 剖 | *pʰoːʔ, *pʰoʔ |
| 婄 | *pʰɯʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː |
| 踣 | *pʰɯs, *bɯːɡ |
| 箁 | *bɯ |
| 咅 | *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs |
| 部 | *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ |
| 培 | *boːʔ, *bɯː |
| 犃 | *boːʔ |
| 瓿 | *boːʔ, *bɯ, *bo |
| 殕 | *pɯʔ, *pʰoʔ, *qɯːɡ |
| 醅 | *pʰɯ, *pʰɯː |
| 棓 | *bɯ, *broːŋʔ, *bɯː |
| 涪 | *bɯ |
| 賠 | *bɯː |
| 陪 | *bɯː |
| 毰 | *bɯː |
| 焙 | *bɯːs |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 丶 + 否. The upper part of the character was corrupted into 立 and is unrelated to the contraction of 辛.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tòu, pǒu (tou$^4$, pou$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄡˋ, ㄆㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tau$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tòu
*** Wade–Giles: tʻou$^4$
*** Yale: tòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tow
*** Palladius: тоу (tou)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰoʊ̯⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pǒu
*** Wade–Giles: pʻou$^3$
*** Yale: pǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: poou
*** Palladius: поу (pou)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰoʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tau$^3$
*** Yale: tau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tau$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: teo$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɐu̯³³/
* Middle Chinese: thuwH
Rime :
| Character | 咅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 他候切 |
| Baxter | thuwH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰəu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰəu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰəw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰəu$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /tʰə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tòu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tau$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰɯʔ/, /*pʰl'oːs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 咅 | 咅 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 9846 | 9852 |
| Phonetic component | 咅 | 咅 |
| Rime group | 之 | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 剖 | 透 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰɯʔ/ | /*pʰl'oːs/ |
| Notes | 原依說文作否上加點， 否亦聲，隸變爲咅 | 或作豆欠，似爲訓讀 |

#### Definitions

咅
* (obsolete, rare) A sound used to indicate refusal.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): buêh$^4$
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: buêh$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pueh
*** Sinological IPA : /pueʔ²/

#### Definitions

咅
* (Teochew) to curse at; to scold

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 罵 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 罵, 啳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 罵 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 罵 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 罵 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 罵, 啳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 罵, 噘 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 罵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 罵, 通 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 罵 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 罵 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 抽, 噘 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 鬧, 㨘, 插, 屌 vulgar |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 鬧, 㨘, 插, 屌 vulgar |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 怒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 嗌 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 數 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 嬲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 嬲 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 嬲 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 嬲 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 鬧 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 嬲 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 罵 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 罵, 嘟 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 鬧 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 罵 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 罵 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 罵 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 罵 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 罵 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 罵 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 罵 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 罵 |
| Hakka | Singapore (Dabu) | 罵 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 罵 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 罵, 詈 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 罵, 嚗 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 罵, 詈 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 罵, 詈 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 罵, 詈 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 罵 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 罵, 姦 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 罵, 𧮙 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 罵, 咅 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 罵, 咅, 誧咅, 誧倫, 誧罵 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 罵 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 罵 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 罵 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 罵 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 𧮙 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 𧮙, 謴 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 罵, 咒, 反 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 咒, 罵 |

### References

* (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (粵拼資料庫)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* to spit out

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): とう (tō)

## Korean
### Hanja

咅 • (bu) (hangeul 부, revised bu, McCune–Reischauer pu, Yale pu)
* to spit out