# 饅頭
## Chinese

* 饅頭 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 饅頭 (Cantonese)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Connection to Central Asian manti?”)

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): mántou, mántóu
       (Zhuyin): ㄇㄢˊ ˙ㄊㄡ, ㄇㄢˊ ㄊㄡˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): man$^2$ tou$^2$
    (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): mántou
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): maan$^6$ tau$^4$ / maan$^4$ tau$^4$
    (Dongguan, Jyutping++): meng$^3$ taau$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): màn-thèu / mân-thèu
* Eastern Min (BUC): màng-*tàu
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): mang$^2$ tao$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): bān-thâu / bán-thô / bán-thâu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bhuêng$^6$ tao$^5$ / mang$^6$ tao$^5$
* Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): maan$^4$ tau$^4$
* Wu (Wugniu)
** (Northern): $^6$moe-deu$_6$ / $^2$mie-doe$_2$ / $^2$me-deu$_2$ / $^2$mie-deu$_2$ / $^2$moe-deu$_2$ / $^2$muon-dei$_2$ / $^2$mun-deu$_2$
** (Jinhua): $^2$moe-dieu$_2$
* Xiang
    (Changsha, Wiktionary): monn$^2$ dou
    (Hengyang, Wiktionary): man$^2$ dou$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mántou
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˊ ˙ㄊㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mánto̊u
*** Wade–Giles: man$^2$-tʻou$^5$
*** Yale: mán-tou
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: man.tou
*** Palladius: маньтоу (manʹtou)
*** Sinological IPA : /män³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³/
** (Standard Chinese, literary or regional variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mántóu
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˊ ㄊㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mántóu
*** Wade–Giles: man$^2$-tʻou$^2$
*** Yale: mán-tóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mantour
*** Palladius: маньтоу (manʹtou)
*** Sinological IPA : /män³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: man$^2$ tou$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mantou
*** Sinological IPA : /man²¹ tʰəu²¹/
** (Nanjing)
*** Nanjing Pinyin: mántou [Phonetic: mǎntou]
*** Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): man$^2$ tou$^0$ [Phonetic: man$^3$ tou$^0$]
*** Sinological IPA : /mã²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰəɯ/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: maan$^6$ tau$^4$ / maan$^4$ tau$^4$
*** Yale: maahn tàuh / màahn tàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: maan$^6$ tau$^4$ / maan$^4$ tau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: man$^6$ teo$^4$ / man$^4$ teo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /maːn²² tʰɐu̯²¹/, /maːn²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/
** (Dongguan, Guancheng)
*** Jyutping++: meng$^3$ taau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɛŋ³² tʰau²¹/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: màn-thèu
*** Hakka Romanization System: man$^ˇ$ teu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: man$^2$ teu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /man¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mân-thèu
*** Hakka Romanization System: man$^ˊ$ teu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: man$^1$ teu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /man²⁴ tʰeu̯¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: màng-*tàu
*** Sinological IPA : /maŋ⁵³⁻³³ tʰau⁵³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: mang$^2$ tao$^2$ [Phonetic: mang$^5$ nao$^2$]
*** Sinological IPA : /maŋ¹³⁻²¹ $^{(tʰ-)}$nau¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: mang$^2$ tao$^2$ [Phonetic: mang$^5$ tao$^2$]
*** Sinological IPA : /maŋ¹³⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bān-thâu
*** Tâi-lô: bān-thâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: baxntaau
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ban⁴¹⁻²² tʰau²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ban²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ban²²⁻²¹ tʰau¹³/
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bán-thô
*** Tâi-lô: bán-thô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bafntooi
*** IPA (Yilan): /ban⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰo²⁴/
*** IPA (Tainan): /ban⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɤ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ban⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰɤ²³/
*** IPA (Lukang): /ban⁵⁵⁻³⁵ tʰo²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ban⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰo²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bán-thâu
*** Tâi-lô: bán-thâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bafntaau
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bhuêng$^6$ tao$^5$ / mang$^6$ tao$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: buĕng thâu / măng thâu
*** Sinological IPA : /bueŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰau⁵⁵/, /maŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰau⁵⁵/
* Southern Pinghua
** (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
*** Jyutping++: maan$^4$ tau$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /man²¹ tʰəu²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$moe-deu$_6$
*** MiniDict: moe$^去$ deu$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$moe-deu$_3$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /mø²² dɤ⁴⁴/
** (Northern: Jiading)
*** Wugniu: $^2$mie-doe$_2$
*** MiniDict: mie$^平$ doe$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Jiading): /mɪ²² dø⁵³/
** (Northern: Songjiang)
*** Wugniu: $^2$me-deu$_2$
*** Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /me¹⁵ dɯ⁵³/
** (Northern: Chongming)
*** Wugniu: $^2$mie-deu$_2$
*** MiniDict: mie$^平$ deu$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦmie²⁴ dɵ⁵⁵/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^2$moe-deu$_2$
*** MiniDict: moe$^平$ deu$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /mø²² døy³³/
** (Northern: Hangzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^2$muon-dei$_2$
*** MiniDict: muon$^平$ dei$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /muõ²² dei³⁴/
** (Northern: Ningbo)
*** Wugniu: $^2$mun-deu$_2$
*** MiniDict: mun$^平$ deu$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /mũ²² dœʏ⁵¹/
** (Jinhua)
*** Wugniu: $^2$moe-dieu$_2$
*** Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /mɤ³¹ diu¹⁴/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: monn$^2$ dou
*** Sinological IPA : /mõ¹³ təu̯³/
** (Hengyang)
*** Wiktionary: man$^2$ dou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /man¹¹ d̥ɘu̯¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: man duw
Rime :
| Character | 饅 | 頭 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 母官切 | 度侯切 |
| Baxter | man | duw |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /muɑn/ | /dəu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mʷɑn/ | /dəu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /muɑn/ | /dəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /mwan/ | /dəw/ |
| Li Rong | /muɑn/ | /du/ |
| Wang Li | /muɑn/ | /dəu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /muɑn/ | /dʱə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | mán | tóu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mun$^4$ | tau$^4$ |

#### Noun

饅頭
* Chinese steamed bun (without filling); mantou
* (Wu) steamed bun with filling; baozi
    小籠饅頭／小笼馒头 [Shanghainese] ― $^5$shiau-lon $^6$moe-deu [Wugniu] ― xiaolongbao
    生煎饅頭／生煎馒头 [Shanghainese] ― $^1$san-ci$_1$ $^6$moe-deu [Wugniu] ― shengjianbao
* (archaic) steamed bun (with or without filling)
    Synonyms: 蒸餅／蒸饼 (zhēngbǐng), 炊餅／炊饼 (chuībǐng)
* (figurative, slang) breast; tits

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 饅頭, 餑餑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 饅頭, 餑餑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 饅頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 饅頭 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 饅頭 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 饅頭 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 饅頭, 餑餑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 饅頭, 包子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 饃饃 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 饅頭, 饃饃, 捲子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 餑餑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 饅頭, 餑餑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 餑餑, 捲子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 捲子, 饅頭 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 饅頭, 餑餑 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 饅頭, 饃饃, 餑餑 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 饃饃, 饃, 蒸饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 蒸饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 饅頭, 饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 蒸饃, 饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 饃饃, 饃, 蒸饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 饅頭, 饃饃, 饃, 蒸饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 饅頭, 饃饃, 饃, 蒸饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 饅頭, 蒸饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 饃饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 饅頭, 饃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 饅頭, 饃饃, 蒸饃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 饃饃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 饃饃, 蒸饃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi (Xigou) | 饃饃, 饅頭 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi (Changshanzi) | 饃饃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi County (Banfanggou) | 饃饃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 包子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 饃饃, 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 饅頭, 饃饃, 蒸饃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 饅頭, 饃饃, 蒸饃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 饃饃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 蒸饃 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 饅頭 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 饅頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 饅頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 饅頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 饅頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 饅頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 饅頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 饃饃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 饃饃, 大饃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 饃, 大饃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 饅頭, 饃, 泡粑 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Rongxian | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guiping (Mule) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Pingnan | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Gangcheng) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Pingdong) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Bangkok (Guangfu) | 饅頭 |
| Cantonese | Betong (Rongxian) | 饅頭 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 饃饃, 饅頭 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 饃饃 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 饃饃, 饅頭 |
| Gan | Jianning | 饃饃 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 饅頭, 包仔 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Changting | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 饃饃, 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 包子 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Fumian (Xisha, Xinqiao) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Sihe, Hengshan) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Cuntou, Xintian) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Mumian, Xilang) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Xingye (Gaofeng) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Rongxian (Xiandi) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) | 饅頭 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Jiexi) | 饅頭 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 饅頭 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 饃饃 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 饃饃 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 饃饃, 蒸饃 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 饅頭 |
| Jin | Datong | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 饅頭, 饃饃, 蒸饃 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 饃饃, 蒸饃 |
| Jin | Linhe | 饅頭, 饃饃, 蒸饃 |
| Jin | Jining | 饅頭 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 饅頭 |
| Jin | Handan | 饅頭, 饃饃, 蒸饃 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 饃饃 |
| Jin | Suide | 饃饃 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 饃饃 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 饃饃 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 饃饃 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 饃饃, 饅頭 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 饃饃, 饅頭 long, 包 round |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 麵頭, 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 麵頭 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 麵頭, 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Taitung (Green Island) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Pingtung (Liuqiu) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 麵頭 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Pengnan) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Huxi) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Wangan) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Cimei) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Huayu) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Zhongtun) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Houliao) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Tongliang) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Jibei) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 麵包 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 饅頭 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 饅頭 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 饅頭 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 饅頭 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 饅頭 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 饅頭 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 饅頭 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 饅頭 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 饅頭 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 麵頭 |
| Shaojiang Min | Shaowu | 饅頭 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 饅頭 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 饅頭 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 饅頭 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 饅頭, 淡饅頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 實心饅頭 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 饅頭, 大包子饅頭, 實心饅頭 |
| Wu | Danyang | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 實心包 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 饅頭 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 饅頭 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 饃饃 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 饃饃, 饅頭 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 饅頭, 饃饃 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 饅頭 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 包子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 包子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 包子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 包子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 包 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 包子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 包子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 包子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 包子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Dingbian | 包子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 包子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 包子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 包子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 包子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 包子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 包子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 包子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 包子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 包子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 包 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 包 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 包仔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 包仔 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 包 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 包 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 包 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 包 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 包子 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 包子 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 包子 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 包子 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 包子 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 包 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 大包 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 包子 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 包子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 包子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 包子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 包仔 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 包哩 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 包 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 包 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 包 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 包仔 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 包 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 包子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 包仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 包仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 包仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 包 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 包仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 包子 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 包 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 包 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 饅頭 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 包子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 包子, 圪組子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 包仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 包 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 包仔, 包 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 包仔, 包 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 包仔, 包 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 包仔 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 包 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 包 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 燒包 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 包 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 包 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 包 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 包 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 包 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 包 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 包 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 包 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 包 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 包子 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 包 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 包子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Danyang | 包子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 包子 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 饅頭 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 包子 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 包子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 包子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 包子 |
| Xiang | Hengyang | 包子 |

##### Derived terms

* 人血饅頭／人血馒头 (rénxuèmántou)

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: 饅(まん)頭(じゅう) (manjū, “a type of bun typically with bean paste filling”) (see there for further descendants)
* → Korean: 만두(饅頭) (mandu, “Korean dumpling”) (see there for further descendants)
Others:
* → Amis: manto
* → Bunun: mantu
* → English: mantou
* → French: mantou
* → Manchu: ᠮᡝᠨᡨᡠ (mentu)
* → Mongolian: мантуу (mantuu)
* →? Ottoman Turkish: مانطی (mantı)
** Turkish: mantı
** → Armenian: մանթի (mantʻi)
** → English: manti
* → Paiwan: mantu
* → Russian: маньтоу (manʹtou)
* → Sakizaya: mantu
* → Taroko: manto
* → Thai: หมั่นโถว (màn-tǒow)
* → Vietnamese: màn thầu
* → Zhuang: manzdouz

##### See also

* 花捲／花卷 (huājuǎn)

### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bīn-thâu / bîn-thâu / bān-thâu / būn-thâu
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bīn-thâu
*** Tâi-lô: bīn-thâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bixntaau
*** IPA (Taipei): /bin³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bin²²⁻²¹ tʰau²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bîn-thâu
*** Tâi-lô: bîn-thâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bintaau
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /bin²³⁻³³ tʰau²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /bin²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bān-thâu
*** Tâi-lô: bān-thâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: baxntaau
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ban³³⁻²¹ tʰau²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ban³³⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou-like accent in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: būn-thâu
*** Tâi-lô: būn-thâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: buxntaau

#### Noun

饅頭
* (Hokkien) Alternative form of 麵頭／面头 (miàntóu, “mantou used during the hundredth day commemoration of one's parent's death”)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 饅 | 頭 |
| まん Hyōgai | じゅう Grade: 2 |
| tōon ||

### Etymology

From Chinese 饅頭／馒头.
Note that in Modern Standard Chinese, 饅頭 means an unfilled bun; 包子 (bāozi) is the term for a filled bun.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) まんじゅう [màńjúꜜù] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [mã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑɨː]

### Noun

饅(まん)頭(じゅう) • (manjū)
* manjū, a type of bun typically with bean paste filling

#### Derived terms

* 肉饅頭(にくまんじゅう) (nikumanjū)
* 豚(ぶた)の饅頭(まんじゅう) (buta no manjū)

#### Descendants

* → English: manju

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 饅 | 頭 |

### Noun

饅頭 • (mandu) (hangeul 만두)
* hanja form of 만두 (“mandu; Korean dumpling”)