# laghdaigh
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* laghduigh, laigheaduigh, luigheadaigh, luigheaduigh (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle Irish lagdaigid. By surface analysis, laghad +‎ -igh.

### Pronunciation

* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈl̪ˠeːd̪ˠi/, (older) /ˈl̪ˠɤːd̪ˠi/

### Verb

laghdaigh (present analytic laghdaíonn, future analytic laghdóidh, verbal noun laghdú, past participle laghdaithe)
* (transitive, intransitive) to lessen, diminish, decrease, reduce, abate
    Synonym: beagaigh
* (ditransitive) to cost (a person an amount)
    Synonym: cosain
    nár laghdaigh scilling é ― which cost him not a shilling

#### Usage notes

* This verb can be used transitively, but it is often used intransitively with ar to express a transitive meaning, for example laghdú ar phionós (“to reduce a penalty”).

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | laghdaím | laghdaíonn tú; laghdaír$^†$ | laghdaíonn sé, sí | laghdaímid; laghdaíonn muid | laghdaíonn sibh | laghdaíonn siad; laghdaíd$^†$ | a laghdaíonn; a laghdaíos | laghdaítear |
| indicative | past | laghdaigh mé; laghdaíos | laghdaigh tú; laghdaís | laghdaigh sé, sí | laghdaíomar; laghdaigh muid | laghdaigh sibh; laghdaíobhair | laghdaigh siad; laghdaíodar | a laghdaigh / ar laghdaigh* | laghdaíodh |
| indicative | past habitual | laghdaínn | laghdaíteá | laghdaíodh sé, sí | laghdaímis; laghdaíodh muid | laghdaíodh sibh | laghdaídís; laghdaíodh siad | a laghdaíodh / a laghdaíodh* | laghdaítí |
| future | future | laghdóidh mé; laghdód; laghdóchaidh mé$^†$ | laghdóidh tú; laghdóir$^†$; laghdóchaidh tú$^†$ | laghdóidh sé, sí; laghdóchaidh sé, sí$^†$ | laghdóimid; laghdóidh muid; laghdóchaimid$^†$; laghdóchaidh muid$^†$ | laghdóidh sibh; laghdóchaidh sibh$^†$ | laghdóidh siad; laghdóid$^†$; laghdóchaidh siad$^†$ | a laghdóidh; a laghdós; a laghdóchaidh$^†$; a laghdóchas$^†$ | laghdófar; laghdóchar$^†$ |
| conditional | conditional | laghdóinn; laghdóchainn$^†$ | laghdófá; laghdóchthá$^†$ | laghdódh sé, sí; laghdóchadh sé, sí$^†$ | laghdóimis; laghdódh muid; laghdóchaimis$^†$; laghdóchadh muid$^†$ | laghdódh sibh; laghdóchadh sibh$^†$ | laghdóidís; laghdódh siad; laghdóchadh siad$^†$ | a laghdódh; a laghdóchadh$^†$ / a laghdódh*; a laghdóchadh*$^†$ | laghdófaí; laghdóchthaí$^†$ |
| subjunctive | present | go laghdaí mé; go laghdaíod$^†$ | go laghdaí tú; go laghdaír$^†$ | go laghdaí sé, sí | go laghdaímid; go laghdaí muid | go laghdaí sibh | go laghdaí siad; go laghdaíd$^†$ | — | go laghdaítear |
| subjunctive | past | dá laghdaínn | dá laghdaíteá | dá laghdaíodh sé, sí | dá laghdaímis; dá laghdaíodh muid | dá laghdaíodh sibh | dá laghdaídís; dá laghdaíodh siad | — | dá laghdaítí |
| imperative | imperative | laghdaím | laghdaigh | laghdaíodh sé, sí | laghdaímis | laghdaígí; laghdaídh$^†$ | laghdaídís | — | laghdaítear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | laghdú | laghdú | laghdú | laghdú | laghdú | laghdú | laghdú | laghdú |
| past participle | past participle | laghdaithe | laghdaithe | laghdaithe | laghdaithe | laghdaithe | laghdaithe | laghdaithe | laghdaithe |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form

#### Antonyms

* méadaigh

#### Derived terms

* laghdaithe (“diminished (also as a musical term)”)

### Further reading

* “laghdaigh”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “lagdaigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “laġduiġim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 413
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “laghdaigh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 81