# sukela
## Xhosa
### Verb

-súkela
* to chase

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

From -suka +‎ -ela.

### Verb

-sukela
* (intransitive) to originate at
* (transitive) to attack, to jump at, to spring at

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukusukela |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukusukela | ukungasukeli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | sukela | -sukele |
| Plural | sukelani | -sukeleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyasukela, ngisukela | engisukelayo, engisukela | ngisukela | angisukeli | engingasukeli | ngingasukeli |
| 2nd singular | uyasukela, usukela | osukelayo, osukela | usukela | awusukeli | ongasukeli | ungasukeli |
| 1st plural | siyasukela, sisukela | esisukelayo, esisukela | sisukela | asisukeli | esingasukeli | singasukeli |
| 2nd plural | niyasukela, nisukela | enisukelayo, enisukela | nisukela | anisukeli | eningasukeli | ningasukeli |
| Class 1 | uyasukela, usukela | osukelayo, osukela | esukela | akasukeli | ongasukeli | engasukeli |
| Class 2 | bayasukela, basukela | abasukelayo, abasukela | besukela | abasukeli | abangasukeli | bengasukeli |
| Class 3 | uyasukela, usukela | osukelayo, osukela | usukela | awusukeli | ongasukeli | ungasukeli |
| Class 4 | iyasukela, isukela | esukelayo, esukela | isukela | ayisukeli | engasukeli | ingasukeli |
| Class 5 | liyasukela, lisukela | elisukelayo, elisukela | lisukela | alisukeli | elingasukeli | lingasukeli |
| Class 6 | ayasukela, asukela | asukelayo, asukela | esukela | awasukeli | angasukeli | engasukeli |
| Class 7 | siyasukela, sisukela | esisukelayo, esisukela | sisukela | asisukeli | esingasukeli | singasukeli |
| Class 8 | ziyasukela, zisukela | ezisukelayo, ezisukela | zisukela | azisukeli | ezingasukeli | zingasukeli |
| Class 9 | iyasukela, isukela | esukelayo, esukela | isukela | ayisukeli | engasukeli | ingasukeli |
| Class 10 | ziyasukela, zisukela | ezisukelayo, ezisukela | zisukela | azisukeli | ezingasukeli | zingasukeli |
| Class 11 | luyasukela, lusukela | olusukelayo, olusukela | lusukela | alusukeli | olungasukeli | lungasukeli |
| Class 14 | buyasukela, busukela | obusukelayo, obusukela | busukela | abusukeli | obungasukeli | bungasukeli |
| Class 15 | kuyasukela, kusukela | okusukelayo, okusukela | kusukela | akusukeli | okungasukeli | kungasukeli |
| Class 17 | kuyasukela, kusukela | okusukelayo, okusukela | kusukela | akusukeli | okungasukeli | kungasukeli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngisukelile, ngisukelē | engisukelile, engisukelē | ngisukelile, ngisukelē | angisukelanga | engingasukelanga | ngingasukelanga |
| 2nd singular | usukelile, usukelē | osukelile, osukelē | usukelile, usukelē | awusukelanga | ongasukelanga | ungasukelanga |
| 1st plural | sisukelile, sisukelē | esisukelile, esisukelē | sisukelile, sisukelē | asisukelanga | esingasukelanga | singasukelanga |
| 2nd plural | nisukelile, nisukelē | enisukelile, enisukelē | nisukelile, nisukelē | anisukelanga | eningasukelanga | ningasukelanga |
| Class 1 | usukelile, usukelē | osukelile, osukelē | esukelile, esukelē | akasukelanga | ongasukelanga | engasukelanga |
| Class 2 | basukelile, basukelē | abasukelile, abasukelē | besukelile, besukelē | abasukelanga | abangasukelanga | bengasukelanga |
| Class 3 | usukelile, usukelē | osukelile, osukelē | usukelile, usukelē | awusukelanga | ongasukelanga | ungasukelanga |
| Class 4 | isukelile, isukelē | esukelile, esukelē | isukelile, isukelē | ayisukelanga | engasukelanga | ingasukelanga |
| Class 5 | lisukelile, lisukelē | elisukelile, elisukelē | lisukelile, lisukelē | alisukelanga | elingasukelanga | lingasukelanga |
| Class 6 | asukelile, asukelē | asukelile, asukelē | esukelile, esukelē | awasukelanga | angasukelanga | engasukelanga |
| Class 7 | sisukelile, sisukelē | esisukelile, esisukelē | sisukelile, sisukelē | asisukelanga | esingasukelanga | singasukelanga |
| Class 8 | zisukelile, zisukelē | ezisukelile, ezisukelē | zisukelile, zisukelē | azisukelanga | ezingasukelanga | zingasukelanga |
| Class 9 | isukelile, isukelē | esukelile, esukelē | isukelile, isukelē | ayisukelanga | engasukelanga | ingasukelanga |
| Class 10 | zisukelile, zisukelē | ezisukelile, ezisukelē | zisukelile, zisukelē | azisukelanga | ezingasukelanga | zingasukelanga |
| Class 11 | lusukelile, lusukelē | olusukelile, olusukelē | lusukelile, lusukelē | alusukelanga | olungasukelanga | lungasukelanga |
| Class 14 | busukelile, busukelē | obusukelile, obusukelē | busukelile, busukelē | abusukelanga | obungasukelanga | bungasukelanga |
| Class 15 | kusukelile, kusukelē | okusukelile, okusukelē | kusukelile, kusukelē | akusukelanga | okungasukelanga | kungasukelanga |
| Class 17 | kusukelile, kusukelē | okusukelile, okusukelē | kusukelile, kusukelē | akusukelanga | okungasukelanga | kungasukelanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāsukela | engāsukela | ngāsukela | angisukelanga | engingasukelanga | ngingasukelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāsukela | owāsukela | wāsukela | awusukelanga | ongasukelanga | ungasukelanga |
| 1st plural | sāsukela | esāsukela | sāsukela | asisukelanga | esingasukelanga | singasukelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāsukela | enāsukela | nāsukela | anisukelanga | eningasukelanga | ningasukelanga |
| Class 1 | wāsukela | owāsukela | āsukela | akasukelanga | ongasukelanga | engasukelanga |
| Class 2 | bāsukela | abāsukela | bāsukela | abasukelanga | abangasukelanga | bengasukelanga |
| Class 3 | wāsukela | owāsukela | wāsukela | awusukelanga | ongasukelanga | ungasukelanga |
| Class 4 | yāsukela | eyāsukela | yāsukela | ayisukelanga | engasukelanga | ingasukelanga |
| Class 5 | lāsukela | elāsukela | lāsukela | alisukelanga | elingasukelanga | lingasukelanga |
| Class 6 | āsukela | āsukela | āsukela | awasukelanga | angasukelanga | engasukelanga |
| Class 7 | sāsukela | esāsukela | sāsukela | asisukelanga | esingasukelanga | singasukelanga |
| Class 8 | zāsukela | ezāsukela | zāsukela | azisukelanga | ezingasukelanga | zingasukelanga |
| Class 9 | yāsukela | eyāsukela | yāsukela | ayisukelanga | engasukelanga | ingasukelanga |
| Class 10 | zāsukela | ezāsukela | zāsukela | azisukelanga | ezingasukelanga | zingasukelanga |
| Class 11 | lwāsukela | olwāsukela | lwāsukela | alusukelanga | olungasukelanga | lungasukelanga |
| Class 14 | bāsukela | obāsukela | bāsukela | abusukelanga | obungasukelanga | bungasukelanga |
| Class 15 | kwāsukela | okwāsukela | kwāsukela | akusukelanga | okungasukelanga | kungasukelanga |
| Class 17 | kwāsukela | okwāsukela | kwāsukela | akusukelanga | okungasukelanga | kungasukelanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingasukela | — | ngingasukela | ngingesukele | — | ngingesukele |
| 2nd singular | ungasukela | — | ungasukela | ungesukele | — | ungesukele |
| 1st plural | singasukela | — | singasukela | singesukele | — | singesukele |
| 2nd plural | ningasukela | — | ningasukela | ningesukele | — | ningesukele |
| Class 1 | angasukela | — | engasukela | angesukele | — | engesukele |
| Class 2 | bangasukela | — | bengasukela | bangesukele | — | bengesukele |
| Class 3 | ungasukela | — | ungasukela | ungesukele | — | ungesukele |
| Class 4 | ingasukela | — | ingasukela | ingesukele | — | ingesukele |
| Class 5 | lingasukela | — | lingasukela | lingesukele | — | lingesukele |
| Class 6 | angasukela | — | engasukela | angesukele | — | engesukele |
| Class 7 | singasukela | — | singasukela | singesukele | — | singesukele |
| Class 8 | zingasukela | — | zingasukela | zingesukele | — | zingesukele |
| Class 9 | ingasukela | — | ingasukela | ingesukele | — | ingesukele |
| Class 10 | zingasukela | — | zingasukela | zingesukele | — | zingesukele |
| Class 11 | lungasukela | — | lungasukela | lungesukele | — | lungesukele |
| Class 14 | bungasukela | — | bungasukela | bungesukele | — | bungesukele |
| Class 15 | kungasukela | — | kungasukela | kungesukele | — | kungesukele |
| Class 17 | kungasukela | — | kungasukela | kungesukele | — | kungesukele |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizosukela | engizosukela | ngizosukela | angizusukela | engingezusukela | ngingezusukela |
| 2nd singular | uzosukela | ozosukela | uzosukela | awuzusukela | ongezusukela | ungezusukela |
| 1st plural | sizosukela | esizosukela | sizosukela | asizusukela | esingezusukela | singezusukela |
| 2nd plural | nizosukela | enizosukela | nizosukela | anizusukela | eningezusukela | ningezusukela |
| Class 1 | uzosukela | ozosukela | ezosukela | akazusukela | ongezusukela | engezusukela |
| Class 2 | bazosukela | abazosukela | bezosukela | abazusukela | abangezusukela | bengezusukela |
| Class 3 | uzosukela | ozosukela | uzosukela | awuzusukela | ongezusukela | ungezusukela |
| Class 4 | izosukela | ezosukela | izosukela | ayizusukela | engezusukela | ingezusukela |
| Class 5 | lizosukela | elizosukela | lizosukela | alizusukela | elingezusukela | lingezusukela |
| Class 6 | azosukela | azosukela | ezosukela | awazusukela | angezusukela | engezusukela |
| Class 7 | sizosukela | esizosukela | sizosukela | asizusukela | esingezusukela | singezusukela |
| Class 8 | zizosukela | ezizosukela | zizosukela | azizusukela | ezingezusukela | zingezusukela |
| Class 9 | izosukela | ezosukela | izosukela | ayizusukela | engezusukela | ingezusukela |
| Class 10 | zizosukela | ezizosukela | zizosukela | azizusukela | ezingezusukela | zingezusukela |
| Class 11 | luzosukela | oluzosukela | luzosukela | aluzusukela | olungezusukela | lungezusukela |
| Class 14 | buzosukela | obuzosukela | buzosukela | abuzusukela | obungezusukela | bungezusukela |
| Class 15 | kuzosukela | okuzosukela | kuzosukela | akuzusukela | okungezusukela | kungezusukela |
| Class 17 | kuzosukela | okuzosukela | kuzosukela | akuzusukela | okungezusukela | kungezusukela |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyosukela | engiyosukela | ngiyosukela | angiyusukela | engingeyusukela | ngingeyusukela |
| 2nd singular | uyosukela | oyosukela | uyosukela | awuyusukela | ongeyusukela | ungeyusukela |
| 1st plural | siyosukela | esiyosukela | siyosukela | asiyusukela | esingeyusukela | singeyusukela |
| 2nd plural | niyosukela | eniyosukela | niyosukela | aniyusukela | eningeyusukela | ningeyusukela |
| Class 1 | uyosukela | oyosukela | eyosukela | akayusukela | ongeyusukela | engeyusukela |
| Class 2 | bayosukela | abayosukela | beyosukela | abayusukela | abangeyusukela | bengeyusukela |
| Class 3 | uyosukela | oyosukela | uyosukela | awuyusukela | ongeyusukela | ungeyusukela |
| Class 4 | iyosukela | eyosukela | iyosukela | ayiyusukela | engeyusukela | ingeyusukela |
| Class 5 | liyosukela | eliyosukela | liyosukela | aliyusukela | elingeyusukela | lingeyusukela |
| Class 6 | ayosukela | ayosukela | eyosukela | awayusukela | angeyusukela | engeyusukela |
| Class 7 | siyosukela | esiyosukela | siyosukela | asiyusukela | esingeyusukela | singeyusukela |
| Class 8 | ziyosukela | eziyosukela | ziyosukela | aziyusukela | ezingeyusukela | zingeyusukela |
| Class 9 | iyosukela | eyosukela | iyosukela | ayiyusukela | engeyusukela | ingeyusukela |
| Class 10 | ziyosukela | eziyosukela | ziyosukela | aziyusukela | ezingeyusukela | zingeyusukela |
| Class 11 | luyosukela | oluyosukela | luyosukela | aluyusukela | olungeyusukela | lungeyusukela |
| Class 14 | buyosukela | obuyosukela | buyosukela | abuyusukela | obungeyusukela | bungeyusukela |
| Class 15 | kuyosukela | okuyosukela | kuyosukela | akuyusukela | okungeyusukela | kungeyusukela |
| Class 17 | kuyosukela | okuyosukela | kuyosukela | akuyusukela | okungeyusukela | kungeyusukela |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngisukele | ngingasukeli |
| 2nd singular | usukele | ungasukeli |
| 1st plural | sisukele | singasukeli |
| 2nd plural | nisukele | ningasukeli |
| Class 1 | asukele | angasukeli |
| Class 2 | basukele | bangasukeli |
| Class 3 | usukele | ungasukeli |
| Class 4 | isukele | ingasukeli |
| Class 5 | lisukele | lingasukeli |
| Class 6 | asukele | angasukeli |
| Class 7 | sisukele | singasukeli |
| Class 8 | zisukele | zingasukeli |
| Class 9 | isukele | ingasukeli |
| Class 10 | zisukele | zingasukeli |
| Class 11 | lusukele | lungasukeli |
| Class 14 | busukele | bungasukeli |
| Class 15 | kusukele | kungasukeli |
| Class 17 | kusukele | kungasukeli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngasukela | ngangasukela, angasukela, angangasukela |
| 2nd singular | wasukela | wangasukela, awasukela, awangasukela |
| 1st plural | sasukela | sangasukela, asasukela, asangasukela |
| 2nd plural | nasukela | nangasukela, anasukela, anangasukela |
| Class 1 | wasukela | wangasukela, akasukela, akangasukela |
| Class 2 | basukela | bangasukela, abasukela, abangasukela |
| Class 3 | wasukela | wangasukela, awasukela, awangasukela |
| Class 4 | yasukela | yangasukela, ayasukela, ayangasukela |
| Class 5 | lasukela | langasukela, alasukela, alangasukela |
| Class 6 | asukela | angasukela, awasukela, awangasukela |
| Class 7 | sasukela | sangasukela, asasukela, asangasukela |
| Class 8 | zasukela | zangasukela, azasukela, azangasukela |
| Class 9 | yasukela | yangasukela, ayasukela, ayangasukela |
| Class 10 | zasukela | zangasukela, azasukela, azangasukela |
| Class 11 | lwasukela | lwangasukela, alwasukela, alwangasukela |
| Class 14 | basukela | bangasukela, abasukela, abangasukela |
| Class 15 | kwasukela | kwangasukela, akwasukela, akwangasukela |
| Class 17 | kwasukela | kwangasukela, akwasukela, akwangasukela |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “sukela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “sukela (3.2.9)”