# ncela
## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-ncela
* (intransitive) to suck
    Synonym: -munca

#### Inflection

Tone L :
| Infinitive | ukuncela |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuncela | ukunganceli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | ncela | -ncele |
| Plural | ncelani | -nceleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyancela, ngincela | engincelayo, engincela | ngincela | anginceli | enginganceli | nginganceli |
| 2nd singular | uyancela, uncela | oncelayo, oncela | uncela | awunceli | onganceli | unganceli |
| 1st plural | siyancela, sincela | esincelayo, esincela | sincela | asinceli | esinganceli | singanceli |
| 2nd plural | niyancela, nincela | enincelayo, enincela | nincela | aninceli | eninganceli | ninganceli |
| Class 1 | uyancela, uncela | oncelayo, oncela | encela | akanceli | onganceli | enganceli |
| Class 2 | bayancela, bancela | abancelayo, abancela | bencela | abanceli | abanganceli | benganceli |
| Class 3 | uyancela, uncela | oncelayo, oncela | uncela | awunceli | onganceli | unganceli |
| Class 4 | iyancela, incela | encelayo, encela | incela | ayinceli | enganceli | inganceli |
| Class 5 | liyancela, lincela | elincelayo, elincela | lincela | alinceli | elinganceli | linganceli |
| Class 6 | ayancela, ancela | ancelayo, ancela | encela | awanceli | anganceli | enganceli |
| Class 7 | siyancela, sincela | esincelayo, esincela | sincela | asinceli | esinganceli | singanceli |
| Class 8 | ziyancela, zincela | ezincelayo, ezincela | zincela | azinceli | ezinganceli | zinganceli |
| Class 9 | iyancela, incela | encelayo, encela | incela | ayinceli | enganceli | inganceli |
| Class 10 | ziyancela, zincela | ezincelayo, ezincela | zincela | azinceli | ezinganceli | zinganceli |
| Class 11 | luyancela, luncela | oluncelayo, oluncela | luncela | alunceli | olunganceli | lunganceli |
| Class 14 | buyancela, buncela | obuncelayo, obuncela | buncela | abunceli | obunganceli | bunganceli |
| Class 15 | kuyancela, kuncela | okuncelayo, okuncela | kuncela | akunceli | okunganceli | kunganceli |
| Class 17 | kuyancela, kuncela | okuncelayo, okuncela | kuncela | akunceli | okunganceli | kunganceli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngincelile, ngincelē | engincelile, engincelē | ngincelile, ngincelē | angincelanga | engingancelanga | ngingancelanga |
| 2nd singular | uncelile, uncelē | oncelile, oncelē | uncelile, uncelē | awuncelanga | ongancelanga | ungancelanga |
| 1st plural | sincelile, sincelē | esincelile, esincelē | sincelile, sincelē | asincelanga | esingancelanga | singancelanga |
| 2nd plural | nincelile, nincelē | enincelile, enincelē | nincelile, nincelē | anincelanga | eningancelanga | ningancelanga |
| Class 1 | uncelile, uncelē | oncelile, oncelē | encelile, encelē | akancelanga | ongancelanga | engancelanga |
| Class 2 | bancelile, bancelē | abancelile, abancelē | bencelile, bencelē | abancelanga | abangancelanga | bengancelanga |
| Class 3 | uncelile, uncelē | oncelile, oncelē | uncelile, uncelē | awuncelanga | ongancelanga | ungancelanga |
| Class 4 | incelile, incelē | encelile, encelē | incelile, incelē | ayincelanga | engancelanga | ingancelanga |
| Class 5 | lincelile, lincelē | elincelile, elincelē | lincelile, lincelē | alincelanga | elingancelanga | lingancelanga |
| Class 6 | ancelile, ancelē | ancelile, ancelē | encelile, encelē | awancelanga | angancelanga | engancelanga |
| Class 7 | sincelile, sincelē | esincelile, esincelē | sincelile, sincelē | asincelanga | esingancelanga | singancelanga |
| Class 8 | zincelile, zincelē | ezincelile, ezincelē | zincelile, zincelē | azincelanga | ezingancelanga | zingancelanga |
| Class 9 | incelile, incelē | encelile, encelē | incelile, incelē | ayincelanga | engancelanga | ingancelanga |
| Class 10 | zincelile, zincelē | ezincelile, ezincelē | zincelile, zincelē | azincelanga | ezingancelanga | zingancelanga |
| Class 11 | luncelile, luncelē | oluncelile, oluncelē | luncelile, luncelē | aluncelanga | olungancelanga | lungancelanga |
| Class 14 | buncelile, buncelē | obuncelile, obuncelē | buncelile, buncelē | abuncelanga | obungancelanga | bungancelanga |
| Class 15 | kuncelile, kuncelē | okuncelile, okuncelē | kuncelile, kuncelē | akuncelanga | okungancelanga | kungancelanga |
| Class 17 | kuncelile, kuncelē | okuncelile, okuncelē | kuncelile, kuncelē | akuncelanga | okungancelanga | kungancelanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāncela | engāncela | ngāncela | angincelanga | engingancelanga | ngingancelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāncela | owāncela | wāncela | awuncelanga | ongancelanga | ungancelanga |
| 1st plural | sāncela | esāncela | sāncela | asincelanga | esingancelanga | singancelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāncela | enāncela | nāncela | anincelanga | eningancelanga | ningancelanga |
| Class 1 | wāncela | owāncela | āncela | akancelanga | ongancelanga | engancelanga |
| Class 2 | bāncela | abāncela | bāncela | abancelanga | abangancelanga | bengancelanga |
| Class 3 | wāncela | owāncela | wāncela | awuncelanga | ongancelanga | ungancelanga |
| Class 4 | yāncela | eyāncela | yāncela | ayincelanga | engancelanga | ingancelanga |
| Class 5 | lāncela | elāncela | lāncela | alincelanga | elingancelanga | lingancelanga |
| Class 6 | āncela | āncela | āncela | awancelanga | angancelanga | engancelanga |
| Class 7 | sāncela | esāncela | sāncela | asincelanga | esingancelanga | singancelanga |
| Class 8 | zāncela | ezāncela | zāncela | azincelanga | ezingancelanga | zingancelanga |
| Class 9 | yāncela | eyāncela | yāncela | ayincelanga | engancelanga | ingancelanga |
| Class 10 | zāncela | ezāncela | zāncela | azincelanga | ezingancelanga | zingancelanga |
| Class 11 | lwāncela | olwāncela | lwāncela | aluncelanga | olungancelanga | lungancelanga |
| Class 14 | bāncela | obāncela | bāncela | abuncelanga | obungancelanga | bungancelanga |
| Class 15 | kwāncela | okwāncela | kwāncela | akuncelanga | okungancelanga | kungancelanga |
| Class 17 | kwāncela | okwāncela | kwāncela | akuncelanga | okungancelanga | kungancelanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingancela | — | ngingancela | ngingencele | — | ngingencele |
| 2nd singular | ungancela | — | ungancela | ungencele | — | ungencele |
| 1st plural | singancela | — | singancela | singencele | — | singencele |
| 2nd plural | ningancela | — | ningancela | ningencele | — | ningencele |
| Class 1 | angancela | — | engancela | angencele | — | engencele |
| Class 2 | bangancela | — | bengancela | bangencele | — | bengencele |
| Class 3 | ungancela | — | ungancela | ungencele | — | ungencele |
| Class 4 | ingancela | — | ingancela | ingencele | — | ingencele |
| Class 5 | lingancela | — | lingancela | lingencele | — | lingencele |
| Class 6 | angancela | — | engancela | angencele | — | engencele |
| Class 7 | singancela | — | singancela | singencele | — | singencele |
| Class 8 | zingancela | — | zingancela | zingencele | — | zingencele |
| Class 9 | ingancela | — | ingancela | ingencele | — | ingencele |
| Class 10 | zingancela | — | zingancela | zingencele | — | zingencele |
| Class 11 | lungancela | — | lungancela | lungencele | — | lungencele |
| Class 14 | bungancela | — | bungancela | bungencele | — | bungencele |
| Class 15 | kungancela | — | kungancela | kungencele | — | kungencele |
| Class 17 | kungancela | — | kungancela | kungencele | — | kungencele |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizoncela | engizoncela | ngizoncela | angizuncela | engingezuncela | ngingezuncela |
| 2nd singular | uzoncela | ozoncela | uzoncela | awuzuncela | ongezuncela | ungezuncela |
| 1st plural | sizoncela | esizoncela | sizoncela | asizuncela | esingezuncela | singezuncela |
| 2nd plural | nizoncela | enizoncela | nizoncela | anizuncela | eningezuncela | ningezuncela |
| Class 1 | uzoncela | ozoncela | ezoncela | akazuncela | ongezuncela | engezuncela |
| Class 2 | bazoncela | abazoncela | bezoncela | abazuncela | abangezuncela | bengezuncela |
| Class 3 | uzoncela | ozoncela | uzoncela | awuzuncela | ongezuncela | ungezuncela |
| Class 4 | izoncela | ezoncela | izoncela | ayizuncela | engezuncela | ingezuncela |
| Class 5 | lizoncela | elizoncela | lizoncela | alizuncela | elingezuncela | lingezuncela |
| Class 6 | azoncela | azoncela | ezoncela | awazuncela | angezuncela | engezuncela |
| Class 7 | sizoncela | esizoncela | sizoncela | asizuncela | esingezuncela | singezuncela |
| Class 8 | zizoncela | ezizoncela | zizoncela | azizuncela | ezingezuncela | zingezuncela |
| Class 9 | izoncela | ezoncela | izoncela | ayizuncela | engezuncela | ingezuncela |
| Class 10 | zizoncela | ezizoncela | zizoncela | azizuncela | ezingezuncela | zingezuncela |
| Class 11 | luzoncela | oluzoncela | luzoncela | aluzuncela | olungezuncela | lungezuncela |
| Class 14 | buzoncela | obuzoncela | buzoncela | abuzuncela | obungezuncela | bungezuncela |
| Class 15 | kuzoncela | okuzoncela | kuzoncela | akuzuncela | okungezuncela | kungezuncela |
| Class 17 | kuzoncela | okuzoncela | kuzoncela | akuzuncela | okungezuncela | kungezuncela |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyoncela | engiyoncela | ngiyoncela | angiyuncela | engingeyuncela | ngingeyuncela |
| 2nd singular | uyoncela | oyoncela | uyoncela | awuyuncela | ongeyuncela | ungeyuncela |
| 1st plural | siyoncela | esiyoncela | siyoncela | asiyuncela | esingeyuncela | singeyuncela |
| 2nd plural | niyoncela | eniyoncela | niyoncela | aniyuncela | eningeyuncela | ningeyuncela |
| Class 1 | uyoncela | oyoncela | eyoncela | akayuncela | ongeyuncela | engeyuncela |
| Class 2 | bayoncela | abayoncela | beyoncela | abayuncela | abangeyuncela | bengeyuncela |
| Class 3 | uyoncela | oyoncela | uyoncela | awuyuncela | ongeyuncela | ungeyuncela |
| Class 4 | iyoncela | eyoncela | iyoncela | ayiyuncela | engeyuncela | ingeyuncela |
| Class 5 | liyoncela | eliyoncela | liyoncela | aliyuncela | elingeyuncela | lingeyuncela |
| Class 6 | ayoncela | ayoncela | eyoncela | awayuncela | angeyuncela | engeyuncela |
| Class 7 | siyoncela | esiyoncela | siyoncela | asiyuncela | esingeyuncela | singeyuncela |
| Class 8 | ziyoncela | eziyoncela | ziyoncela | aziyuncela | ezingeyuncela | zingeyuncela |
| Class 9 | iyoncela | eyoncela | iyoncela | ayiyuncela | engeyuncela | ingeyuncela |
| Class 10 | ziyoncela | eziyoncela | ziyoncela | aziyuncela | ezingeyuncela | zingeyuncela |
| Class 11 | luyoncela | oluyoncela | luyoncela | aluyuncela | olungeyuncela | lungeyuncela |
| Class 14 | buyoncela | obuyoncela | buyoncela | abuyuncela | obungeyuncela | bungeyuncela |
| Class 15 | kuyoncela | okuyoncela | kuyoncela | akuyuncela | okungeyuncela | kungeyuncela |
| Class 17 | kuyoncela | okuyoncela | kuyoncela | akuyuncela | okungeyuncela | kungeyuncela |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngincele | nginganceli |
| 2nd singular | uncele | unganceli |
| 1st plural | sincele | singanceli |
| 2nd plural | nincele | ninganceli |
| Class 1 | ancele | anganceli |
| Class 2 | bancele | banganceli |
| Class 3 | uncele | unganceli |
| Class 4 | incele | inganceli |
| Class 5 | lincele | linganceli |
| Class 6 | ancele | anganceli |
| Class 7 | sincele | singanceli |
| Class 8 | zincele | zinganceli |
| Class 9 | incele | inganceli |
| Class 10 | zincele | zinganceli |
| Class 11 | luncele | lunganceli |
| Class 14 | buncele | bunganceli |
| Class 15 | kuncele | kunganceli |
| Class 17 | kuncele | kunganceli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngancela | ngangancela, angancela, angangancela |
| 2nd singular | wancela | wangancela, awancela, awangancela |
| 1st plural | sancela | sangancela, asancela, asangancela |
| 2nd plural | nancela | nangancela, anancela, anangancela |
| Class 1 | wancela | wangancela, akancela, akangancela |
| Class 2 | bancela | bangancela, abancela, abangancela |
| Class 3 | wancela | wangancela, awancela, awangancela |
| Class 4 | yancela | yangancela, ayancela, ayangancela |
| Class 5 | lancela | langancela, alancela, alangancela |
| Class 6 | ancela | angancela, awancela, awangancela |
| Class 7 | sancela | sangancela, asancela, asangancela |
| Class 8 | zancela | zangancela, azancela, azangancela |
| Class 9 | yancela | yangancela, ayancela, ayangancela |
| Class 10 | zancela | zangancela, azancela, azangancela |
| Class 11 | lwancela | lwangancela, alwancela, alwangancela |
| Class 14 | bancela | bangancela, abancela, abangancela |
| Class 15 | kwancela | kwangancela, akwancela, akwangancela |
| Class 17 | kwancela | kwangancela, akwancela, akwangancela |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “ncela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ncela (6.3)”