# 김

| 김 | U+AE40, &#44608; HANGUL SYLLABLE GIM |
| Composition: | ㄱ + ㅣ + ㅁ |
| ← 긿 [U+AE3F] | Hangul Syllables | 깁 → [U+AE41] |

## Korean

기긱긲긳긴긵긶 긷길긹긺긻긼긽 긾긿김깁깂깃깄 깅깆깇깈깉깊깋 :
| 긔 ← | → 까 |

### Etymology 1

First attested in the nineteenth century. Perhaps ultimately related to the "weed" sense below, but this is speculative.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ki(ː)m]
* Phonetic hangul: [김(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 김의 / 김에 / 김까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

#### Noun

김 • (gim)
* laver (nori, a type of edible seaweed in the genus Porphyra)
    Synonyms: (rare) 해태(海苔) (haetae), (chiefly dialectal) 해의(海衣) (hae'ui)

##### Derived terms

* 김밥 (gimbap, “kimbap”)

##### See also

* 다시마 (dasima, “kelp”)
* 미역 (miyeok, “sea mustard”)

### Etymology 2

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 김〯 (Yale: kǐm).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ki(ː)m]
* Phonetic hangul: [김(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 김의 / 김에 / 김까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

#### Noun

김 • (gim)
* steam; vapor
    Synonyms: 증기(蒸氣) (jeunggi, “vapour”), 수증기(水蒸氣) (sujeunggi, “steam”)

### Etymology 3

Of native Korean origin.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kim]
* Phonetic hangul: [김]

#### Dependent noun

김 • (gim)
* since, given that, seeing as; only used in 은 김에 (-eun gime) and 는 김에 (-neun gime)

### Etymology 4

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 기ᅀᅳᆷ〮 (Yale: kìzúm), originally equivalent to 기ᇫ (Yale: kìz-, “to be lush, to be verdant (of plant growth)”) + 음〮 (Yale: -úm, substantive-deriving suffix).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ki(ː)m]
* Phonetic hangul: [김(ː)]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

김 • (gim)
* weed in fields or rice paddies, which must be uprooted

##### Derived terms

* 김매다 (gimmaeda)

##### See also

* 잡(雜)풀 (jap'pul)
* 잡초(雜草) (japcho)

### Etymology 5

Sino-Korean word from 金 (“gold; metal”). This reading is found only in the surname and certain place names. Orthodox Sino-Korean is 금 (金, geum).
Most likely a borrowing from Early Mandarin 金 (EM *kim) during Mongol rule in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kim]
* Phonetic hangul: [김]

#### Proper noun

김 • (Gim) (hanja 金)
* a surname, Kim (most common surname in Korea)
    김연아 (金姸兒) ― Gim Yeon-a ― Yuna Kim
    김정은 (金正恩) ― Gim Jeong-eun ― Kim Jong-un
    김대중 (金大中) ― Gim Daejung ― Kim Dae-jung

##### Descendants

* English: Kim, Gim
* Ukrainian: Кім (Kim)

### References

* ↑ 권인한 [gwoninhan] (2004) “성씨 김(金)의 한자음 연원을 찾아서 [seongssi gimui hanja'eum yeonwoneul chajaseo]”, in Sae Gugeo Saenghwal‎ (in Korean), volume 14, number 4, pages 143—155