# 復活
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fùhuó
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk$^6$ wut$^6$ / fau$^6$ wut$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fu̍k-fa̍t
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fug$^6$ fad$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hŭk-uăk / bô-uăk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ho̍k-oa̍h
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hog$^8$ uah$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$voq-weq$_8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fùhuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fùhuó
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^4$-huo$^2$
*** Yale: fù-hwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhhwo
*** Palladius: фухо (fuxo)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu⁵¹ xu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fuk$^6$ wut$^6$ / fau$^6$ wut$^6$
*** Yale: fuhk wuht / fauh wuht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fuk$^9$ wut$^9$ / fau$^6$ wut$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fug$^6$ wud$^6$ / feo$^6$ wud$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fʊk̚² wuːt̚²/, /fɐu̯²² wuːt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu̍k-fa̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: fug fad
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fug$^6$ fad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /fuk̚⁵ fat̚⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fug$^6$ fad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /fʊk̚⁵ fat̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hŭk-uăk / bô-uăk
*** Sinological IPA : /huʔ⁵⁻³³ uaʔ⁵/, /pu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ uaʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho̍k-oa̍h
*** Tâi-lô: ho̍k-ua̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hog'oah
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚²⁴⁻² uaʔ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ uaʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hog$^8$ uah$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ho̍k ua̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /hok̚⁴⁻² uaʔ⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$voq-weq$_8$
*** MiniDict: voh$^入$ weh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$voq-hhueq$_5$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /voʔ¹¹ ɦuəʔ²³/
* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some! Particularly: “Middle Chinese”

### Verb

復活
* (ergative) to come back to life; to bring back to life; to revive; to resurrect
       Jīdūtú xiāngxìn Yēsū bèi dìng sǐ zài shízìjià hòu sān tiān fùhuó. [Pinyin]
       Christians believe that Jesus was resurrected three days after his crucifixion.
    From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5th century CE
    Chángshā yǒu rén sǐ, jīng yuè fùhuó. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* 回生 (huíshēng)
* 復生／复生 (fùshēng)
* 殅 (shēng) (literary)
* 甦／苏 (sū) (literary)
* 翻生 (faan$^1$ saang$^1$) (Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Teochew)
* 閣活／阁活 (Hokkien)

#### Derived terms

* 復活節／复活节 (Fùhuójié)
* 復活蛋／复活蛋 (fùhuódàn)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 復活(ふっかつ) (fukkatsu)
* → Korean: 부활(復活) (buhwal)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 復 | 活 |
| ふく > ふっ Grade: 5 | かつ Grade: 2 |
| kan'on ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ふっかつ [fùkkátsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɸɯ̟̊k̚ka̠t͡sɨ]

### Noun

復(ふっ)活(かつ) • (fukkatsu)
* revival; return to life
    Synonym: 甦生 (sosei)
* resurgence, comeback
    Synonym: 再来 (sairai)

#### Derived terms

* 復(ふっ)活(かつ)祭(さい) (fukkatsusai, “Easter”)

### Verb

復(ふっ)活(かつ)する • (fukkatsu suru) suru (stem 復(ふっ)活(かつ)し (fukkatsu shi), past 復(ふっ)活(かつ)した (fukkatsu shita))
* to return to life; come back to life; be revived
    Synonyms: 蘇る (yomigaeru), 生き返る (ikikaeru)
* make a comeback

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 復活し | ふっかつし | fukkatsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 復活し | ふっかつし | fukkatsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 復活する | ふっかつする | fukkatsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 復活する | ふっかつする | fukkatsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 復活すれ | ふっかつすれ | fukkatsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 復活せよ¹ 復活しろ² | ふっかつせよ¹ ふっかつしろ² | fukkatsu seyo¹ fukkatsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 復活される | ふっかつされる | fukkatsu sareru |
| Causative | 復活させる 復活さす | ふっかつさせる ふっかつさす | fukkatsu saseru fukkatsu sasu |
| Potential | 復活できる | ふっかつできる | fukkatsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 復活しよう | ふっかつしよう | fukkatsu shiyō |
| Negative | 復活しない | ふっかつしない | fukkatsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 復活せず | ふっかつせず | fukkatsu sezu |
| Formal | 復活します | ふっかつします | fukkatsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 復活した | ふっかつした | fukkatsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 復活して | ふっかつして | fukkatsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 復活すれば | ふっかつすれば | fukkatsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 復 | 活 |

### Noun

復活 • (buhwal) (hangeul 부활)
* hanja form of 부활 (“revival; resurrection; resurgence”)