# 蘭州
## Chinese

* 蘭州 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 蘭州 (Cantonese)
* 蘭州 (Classical)
* Làn-chû-sṳ (Hakka)
* Làng-ciŭ (Eastern Min)
* Lân-chiu (Southern Min)
* 兰州市 (Wu)
* Lanzhou (English)

### Etymology

Coined in 581 with the establishment of 蘭州府 (“Lan prefecture”). Named after 皋蘭山／皋兰山.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): Lánzhōu
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄢˊ ㄓㄡ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): Ланҗу (Lanžu, I-II)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): laan$^4$ zau$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lan$^3$ ziu$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Làn-chû
    (Meixian, Guangdong): lan$^2$ zu$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): Làng-ciŭ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Lân-chiu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lang$^5$ ziu$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$le-tseu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Lánzhōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄢˊ ㄓㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Lánjhou
*** Wade–Giles: Lan$^2$-chou$^1$
*** Yale: Lán-jōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Lanjou
*** Palladius: Ланьчжоу (Lanʹčžou)
*** Sinological IPA : /län³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: Ланҗу (Lanžu, I-II)
*** Sinological IPA : /læ̃²⁴ ʈ͡ʂou⁵¹/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: laan$^4$ zau$^1$
*** Yale: làahn jāu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: laan$^4$ dzau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lan$^4$ zeo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /laːn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lan$^3$ ziu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lan²² t͡siu³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Làn-chû
*** Hakka Romanization System: lan$^ˇ$ zu$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lan$^2$ zu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /lan¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: lan$^2$ zu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /lan¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Làng-ciŭ
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃aŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒieu⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lân-chiu
*** Tâi-lô: Lân-tsiu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lanciw
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lan²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lan²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lan¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lan²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lan²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lang$^5$ ziu$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâng tsiu
*** Sinological IPA : /laŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siu³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$le-tseu
*** MiniDict: le$^去$ tseu
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$le-tseu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /le²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: lan tsyuw
Rime :
| Character | 蘭 | 州 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 落干切 | 職流切 |
| Baxter | lan | tsyuw |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɑn/ | /t͡ɕɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lɑn/ | /t͡ɕiu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɑn/ | /t͡ɕiəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lan/ | /cuw/ |
| Li Rong | /lɑn/ | /t͡ɕiu/ |
| Wang Li | /lɑn/ | /t͡ɕĭəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /lɑn/ | /t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lán | zhōu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | laan$^4$ | zau$^1$ |

### Proper noun

蘭州
* (～府) (historical) Lan (a former prefecture of modern Gansu Province, China)
* (～市) Lanzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Gansu, China)

#### Descendants

* → English: Lan-chou, Lanchow, Lanzhou

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 蘭 | 州 |
| らん Jinmeiyō | しゅう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Proper noun

蘭(らん)州(しゅう) • (Ranshū)
* Lanzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Gansu, in northwestern China)