# 榖

| 榖 | U+6996, &#27030; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6996 |
| ← 榕 [U+6995] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 榗 → [U+6997] |

## Translingual
### Han character

榖 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 土木竹弓水 (GDHNE) or 難土木竹弓 (XGDHN), four-corner 4794$_7$, composition ⿹𣪊木)

#### Derived characters

* 濲

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 543, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15229
* Dae Jaweon: page 930, character 37
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2163, character 3
* Unihan data for U+6996

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 彀 | *koːɡs |
| 鷇 | *kʰoːɡs |
| 瞉 | *kʰoːɡs |
| 豰 | *pɢroːɡ, *qʰoːɡ |
| 瑴 | *kroːɡ, *koːɡ |
| 愨 | *kʰroːɡ |
| 殼 | *kʰroːɡ |
| 觳 | *kʰroːɡ, *ɡoːɡ |
| 嗀 | *qʰroːɡ, *qʰoːɡ |
| 穀 | *kloːɡ |
| 糓 | *kloːɡ |
| 轂 | *kloːɡ |
| 榖 | *kloːɡ |
| 瀔 | *koːɡ |
| 縠 | *ɡloːɡ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gǔ (gu$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): guk$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kuk
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gug$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kok
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gog$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gǔ
*** Wade–Giles: ku$^3$
*** Yale: gǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guu
*** Palladius: гу (gu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: guk$^1$
*** Yale: gūk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: guk$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gug$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊk̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kuk
*** Hakka Romanization System: gug$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gug$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kuk̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gug$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʊk̚¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kok
*** Tâi-lô: kok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kog
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gog$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kok
*** Sinological IPA : /kok̚²/
* Middle Chinese: kuwk
Rime :
| Character | 榖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (3) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古禄切 |
| Baxter | kuwk |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kuk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kuk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kuk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kuk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kuk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | guk$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kloːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 榖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7426 |
| Phonetic component | 殻 |
| Rime group | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 穀 |
| Old Chinese | /*kloːɡ/ |

### Definitions

榖
* paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera)
    Synonyms: 構／构 (gòu), 楮 (chǔ)

### References

* William Campbell (1913) A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 357.
* “榖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Entry #4191”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* paper mulberry

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): こく (koku)、こう (kō)、く (ku)
* Kun: こうぞ (kōzo)

#### Usage notes

Generally not used in Japanese. Easily confused with the graphically similar character 穀 (“grain, cereal”).

## Korean
### Hanja

榖 • (gok) (hangeul 곡, revised gok, McCune–Reischauer kok, Yale kok)
* paper mulberry (꾸지나무, 닥나무)

#### Synonyms

* 構
* 楮

## Vietnamese
### Han character

榖: Hán Nôm readings: cốc
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
* Trần Văn Chánh Từ Điển Hán VIệt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
* Vũ Văn Kính,Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999