# قمار
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qi.maːr/

### Noun

قِمَار • (qimār) m
* verbal noun of قَامَرَ (qāmara) (form III)
* (uncountable) gambling

#### Descendants

* Hijazi Arabic: قُمَار (gumār)
* → Azerbaijani: qumar
* → Persian: قمار
* → Georgian: ყომარი (q̇omari)
* → Kazakh: құмар (qūmar)
* → Kurdish:
    → Central Kurdish: قومار (qumar)
    → Northern Kurdish: qumar
    → Southern Kurdish: قومار (qumar)
* → Ottoman Turkish: قمار (kumar)
** Turkish: kumar
** → Albanian: kumar
** → Armenian: խումար (xumar), կումար (kumar)
** → Bulgarian: комар (komar)
** → Greek: κουμάρι (koumári)
** → Macedonian: комар (komar)
* → Uyghur: قىمار (qimar)

#### See also

* رِهَان (rihān)
* مَيْسِر (maysir)

## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* ق م ر
* 3 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic قِمار (qimār).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡu.ˈmaːr/, [ɡʊ.ˈmaːr]

### Noun

قمار • (gumār) m
* gambling

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قِمَار (qimār, “gambling”), verbal noun of قَامَرَ (qāmara, “to gamble; to risk”).

### Noun

قمار • (kumar) (definitive accusative قماری (kumarı), plural قمارلر (kumarlar))
* gambling, an activity characterised by a balance between winning and losing that is governed by a mixture of skill and chance
    Synonym: میسر (meysir)

#### Derived terms

* قمار اوقی (kumar oku, “headless arrow-shaft”)
* قمار اوینامق (kumar oynamak, “to gamble”)
* قمار اویونی (kumar oyunu, “game of chance”)
* قمار كاغدی (kumar kâğıdı, “playing card”)
* قمارباز (kumarbaz, “gambler”)
* قمارجی (kumarcı, “gambler”)
* قمارخانه (kumarhâne, “gambling den”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: kumar
* → Albanian: kumar
* → Armenian: խումար (xumar), կումար (kumar)
* → Bulgarian: комар (komar)
* → Greek: κουμάρι (koumári)
* → Macedonian: комар (komar)

### Further reading

* Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “قمار”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 535
* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kumar”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2834
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “kumâr”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 630
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قمار”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 971
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Alea”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 46
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قمار”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3758
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kumar”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قمار”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1472

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قِمَار (qimār).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [qi.ˈmɑːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɪ.mɑ́ːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɪ.mɑ́ːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [qɪ.mɑ́ːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [qi.mɔ́ːɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [qe.mɒ́ːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [qi.mɔ́ɾ]

### Noun

| Dari | قمار |
| Iranian Persian | قمار |
| Tajik | қимор |
قمار • (qemâr)
* gambling