# 昆蟲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kūnchóng
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄣ ㄔㄨㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kwan$^1$ cung$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khûn-chhùng
* Eastern Min (BUC): kŏng-tṳ̀ng
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khun-thiông / khun-thâng
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$khuen-zon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kūnchóng
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄣ ㄔㄨㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kunchóng
*** Wade–Giles: kʻun$^1$-chʻung$^2$
*** Yale: kwūn-chúng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuenchorng
*** Palladius: куньчун (kunʹčun)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kwan$^1$ cung$^4$
*** Yale: kwān chùhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kwan$^1$ tsung$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kuen$^1$ cung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷʰɐn⁵⁵ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khûn-chhùng
*** Hakka Romanization System: kun$^ˊ$ cung$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kun$^1$ cung$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰun²⁴ t͡sʰuŋ¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: kŏng-tṳ̀ng
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰouŋ⁵⁵ $^{(tʰ-)}$nyŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khun-thiông
*** Tâi-lô: khun-thiông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: quntioong
*** IPA (Xiamen, Singapore): /kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɔŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰun³³ tʰiɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɔŋ²³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khun-thâng
*** Tâi-lô: khun-thâng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: quntaang
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² tʰaŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰun³³ tʰaŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰun⁴⁴⁻²² tʰaŋ²⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$khuen-zon
*** MiniDict: khuen$^平$ zon
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$khun-zon
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰuən⁵⁵ zoŋ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: kwon drjuwng
Rime :
| Character | 昆 | 蟲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 魂 (55) | 東 (2) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 古渾切 | 直弓切 |
| Baxter | kwon | drjuwng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kuən/ | /ɖɨuŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kuon/ | /ɖiuŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuən/ | /ȡiuŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwən/ | /ɖuwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kuən/ | /ȡiuŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kuən/ | /ȡĭuŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kuən/ | /ȡʱi̯uŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gūn | chóng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gwan$^1$ | cung$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤu[n] C.lruŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kuːn l'uŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 昆 | 蟲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kūn | chóng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kwon › | ‹ drjuwng › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁu[n]/ | /*C.lruŋ/ |
| English | elder brother | insect |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 昆 | 蟲 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 7519 | 1506 |
| Phonetic component | 昆 | 蟲 |
| Rime group | 文 | 終 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 昆 | 蟲 |
| Old Chinese | /*kuːn/ | /*l'uŋ/ |
| Notes | 金文象日下二人比肩同作， 造意同眾而省文， 如夕月異語共義轉註例 | 後省作蟲已見漢簡 |

### Noun

昆蟲
* insect
    From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
    Ránhòu kūnchóng wànwù shēng qí jiān, kě yǐ xiàng sìyǎng zhě, bùkěshèngshù yě. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* 蟲蟻／虫蚁 (chóngyǐ)
* (formal, Hokkien) 蟲豸／虫豸 (chóngzhì)
* (Eastern Min) 蟲囝／虫囝

#### Derived terms

* 昆蟲學／昆虫学 (kūnchóngxué)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 昆 | 蟲 |
| こん Grade: S | ちゅう Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 昆蟲 – see the following entry. :
| 【昆虫こんちゅう】 | [noun] an insect (arthropod of class Insecta) |
(This term, 昆蟲, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 昆 | 蟲 |

### Noun

昆蟲 • (gonchung) (hangeul 곤충)
* hanja form of 곤충 (“insect”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 昆 | 蟲 |

### Noun

昆蟲
* chữ Hán form of côn trùng (“insect”).