# 殺人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shārén
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄚ ㄖㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saat$^3$ jan$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sat-ngìn
    (Hailu, HRS): sad ngin
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sat-lîn / sat-jîn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): suah$^4$ nang$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shārén
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄚ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sharén
*** Wade–Giles: sha$^1$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: shā-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sharen
*** Palladius: шажэнь (šažɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$殺人／杀人 砂仁
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saat$^3$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: saat yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saat$^8$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sad$^3$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːt̚³ jɐn²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sat-ngìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: sad$^ˋ$ ngin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sad$^5$ ngin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /sat̚² ŋin¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: sad ngin
*** Sinological IPA: /sat⁵⁻² ŋin⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sat-lîn
*** Tâi-lô: sat-lîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: satliin
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /sat̚³²⁻⁴ lin²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ lin²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sat-jîn
*** Tâi-lô: sat-jîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: satjiin
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sat̚³²⁻⁴ zin²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sat̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zin¹³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: suah$^4$ nang$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suah nâng
*** Sinological IPA : /suaʔ²⁻⁴ naŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: sreat nyin
Rime :
| Character | 殺 | 人 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 鎋 (75) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | III |
| Fanqie | 所八切 | 如鄰切 |
| Baxter | sreat | nyin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠɛt̚/ | /ȵiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚæt̚/ | /ȵin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃæt̚/ | /ȵʑjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂəɨt̚/ | /ȵin/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɛt̚/ | /ȵiĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃæt̚/ | /ȵʑĭĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʂat̚/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sha | rén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saat$^3$ | jan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s<r>at ni[ŋ]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sreːd njin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 殺 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shā | rén |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ srɛt › | ‹ nyin › |
| Old Chinese | /*s<r>at/ | /*ni[ŋ]/ |
| English | kill | (other) person |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 殺 | 人 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11010 | 10800 |
| Phonetic component | 杀 | 人 |
| Rime group | 月 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 殺 | 仁 |
| Old Chinese | /*sreːd/ | /*njin/ |

### Verb

殺⫽人 (verb-object)
* (intransitive) to kill someone; to murder
    殺人凶器／杀人凶器 ― shārén xiōngqì ― murder weapon
    墮胎是殺人嗎？／堕胎是杀人吗？ ― Duòtāi shì shārén ma? ― Is abortion murder?
    From: Mozi, c. 4th century BCE
    Gōngshū Bān yuē: “Wú yì gù bù shārén.” [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Jīn fú tiānxià zhī rénmù, wèiyǒu bù shì shārén zhě yě. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 殺人 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 殺人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 殺人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 殺人 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 殺人 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 殺人 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 殺人 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 㓾人, 殺人 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 㓾人, 殺人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 㓾人, 殺人 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 㓾人, 殺人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 㓾人, 殺人 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 㓾人 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 刣儂 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 刣儂 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 刣儂 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 刣儂 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 刣儂 |

#### Derived terms

* 借刀殺人／借刀杀人 (jièdāoshārén)
* 借劍殺人／借剑杀人
* 慈悲殺人／慈悲杀人 (cíbēi shārén)
* 拋閃殺人／抛闪杀人
* 故意殺人／故意杀人 (gùyì shārén)
* 曾參殺人／曾参杀人 (Zēng Shēn shārén)
* 殺人不眨眼／杀人不眨眼 (shārén bù zhǎyǎn)
* 殺人不見血／杀人不见血 (shārén bù jiànxiě)
* 殺人不過頭點地／杀人不过头点地
* 殺人償命／杀人偿命
* 殺人償命，欠債還錢／杀人偿命，欠债还钱 (shārén chángmìng, qiànzhài huánqián)
* 殺人如芥／杀人如芥
* 殺人如草／杀人如草
* 殺人如蓺／杀人如蓺
* 殺人如麻／杀人如麻 (shārénrúmá)
* 殺人放火／杀人放火 (shārénfànghuǒ)
* 殺人滅口／杀人灭口 (shārénmièkǒu)
* 殺人滅跡／杀人灭迹
* 殺人犯／杀人犯 (shārénfàn)
* 殺人盈野／杀人盈野
* 殺人罪／杀人罪
* 殺人者／杀人者
* 殺人越貨／杀人越货 (shārényuèhuò)
* 殺人須見血，救人須救徹／杀人须见血，救人须救彻
* 過失殺人／过失杀人 (guòshī shārén)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 殺人(さつじん) (satsujin)
* → Korean: 살인(殺人) (sarin)
* → Vietnamese: sát nhân (殺人)

#### See also

* 他殺／他杀 (tāshā)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 殺 | 人 |
| さつ Grade: 5 | じん Grade: 1 |
| kan'on ||
* Alternative spelling
* 殺人 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

Compound of 殺(さつ) (satsu, “killing”) + 人(じん) (jin, “human”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) さつじん [sàtsújíń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [sa̠t͡sɨʑĩɴ]

### Noun

殺(さつ)人(じん) • (satsujin)
* homicide, especially murder
    殺(さつ)人(じん)事(じ)件(けん)
       satsujin jiken
       a murder case
** 1995 June 1 [1993 February 17], Yōzaburō Kanari with Satō, Fumiya, “ファイル１(いち)　オペラ座(ざ)館(かん)殺(さつ)人(じん)事(じ)件(けん)①(いち)”, in 金(きん)田(だ)一(いち)少(しょう)年(ねん)の事(じ)件(けん)簿(ぼ), 14th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 70:
    これは事(じ)故(こ)なんかじゃない‥！殺(さつ)人(じん)だ‼日(ひ)高(だか)織(おり)絵(え)は殺(ころ)されたんだ！
       Kore wa jiko nanka ja nai‥! Satsujin da‼ Hidaka Orie wa korosareta n da!
       This was no accident...! It was murder!! Orie Hidaka was killed by someone!
** 2014 December 17, Ōima Yoshitoki, “第(だい)59(ごじゅうきゅう)話(わ)　進(しん)路(ろ)”, in 聲(こえ)の形(かたち), volume 7 (fiction), Tokyo: Kodansha, →ISBN, page 126:
    と　東(とう)京(きょう)は怖(こわ)いよ⁉犯(はん)罪(ざい)多(おお)いし殺(さつ)人(じん)事(じ)件(けん)もあるのに！女(おんな)の子(こ)ひとりでさー‼変(へん)な人(ひと)にからまれるよ⁉
       To Tōkyō wa kowai yo⁉ Hanzai ōi shi satsujin jiken mo aru no ni! Onna no ko hitori de sā‼ Hen na hito ni karamareru yo⁉
       To… Tokyo's a scary place, you know!? Lots of crimes, lots of murders! A girl living there alone!! You could get hassled by shady people!!

### See also

* 殺(さつ)人(じん)者(しゃ) (satsujinsha)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 殺 | 人 |

### Noun

殺人 • (sarin) (hangeul 살인)
* hanja form of 살인 (“murder; killing; homicide”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 殺 | 人 |

### Noun

殺人
* chữ Hán form of sát nhân (“murderer; killer”).