# 蟋蟀
## Chinese

* 蟋蟀

### Etymology

A reduplicative Old Chinese compound of the shape /*srit srut/.
Some similar words can be found in neighbouring languages:
* Sino-Tibetan: Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *rĭt ~ rŭt (“cricket”), to include this Chinese word, Burmese ပုရစ် (pu.rac, “cricket”), and Jingpho kǝrot (“a species of cricket”).
* Mon-Khmer: Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *[t$_1$/c]riit (“cricket; to chirr”), whence Khmer ចង្រិត (cɑngrət, “cricket”) and Thai จิ้งหรีด (jîng-rìit) (Manomaivibool, 1975).
Compare: 窸窣 (OC *sid suːd, “onomatopoeia of chirping or rustling”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): xīshuài
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ ㄕㄨㄞˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xi$^2$ so$^2$ / xi$^2$ suai$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sik$^1$ seot$^1$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sék-sáuk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sek-sut / siak-sut / sek-sùi / tek-sut / siat-sut / sih-sut
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêg$^4$ sug$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xīshuài
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄕㄨㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sishuài
*** Wade–Giles: hsi$^1$-shuai$^4$
*** Yale: syī-shwài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shishuay
*** Palladius: сишуай (sišuaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi⁵⁵ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: xi$^2$ so$^2$ / xi$^2$ suai$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xiso / xisuai
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi²¹ so²¹/, /ɕi²¹ suai²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sik$^1$ seot$^1$
*** Yale: sīk sēut
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sik$^7$ soet$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xig$^1$ sêd$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪk̚⁵ sɵt̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sék-sáuk
*** Sinological IPA : /siʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ sɑuʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-sut
*** Tâi-lô: sik-sut
*** Phofsit Daibuun: seksud
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁵ sut̚³²/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁵⁴ sut̚³²/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sut̚³²/
*** IPA (Lukang): /siɪk̚⁵ sut̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak-sut
*** Tâi-lô: siak-sut
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siaksud
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siak̚⁵⁻²⁴ sut̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek-sùi
*** Tâi-lô: sik-suì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: seksuix
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sui¹¹/
** (Hokkien: Tainan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tek-sut
*** Tâi-lô: tik-sut
*** Phofsit Daibuun: deksud
*** IPA (Tainan): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ sut̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Magong)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siat-sut
*** Tâi-lô: siat-sut
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siatsud
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sih-sut
*** Tâi-lô: sih-sut
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sihsud
*** IPA (Taipei): /si(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sut̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /si(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ sut̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sêg$^4$ sug$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sek suk
*** Sinological IPA : /sek̚²⁻⁴ suk̚²/
* Middle Chinese: sit|srit srwit
Rime :
| Character | 蟋 | 蟋 | 蟀 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 生 (21) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 質 (48) | 櫛 (51) | 術 (52) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 息七切 | 所櫛切 | 所律切 |
| Baxter | sit | srit | srwit |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /siɪt̚/ | /ʃɪt̚/ | /ʃiuɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sit̚/ | /ʃɪt̚/ | /ʃʷit̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sjet̚/ | /ʃiet̚/ | /ʃjuet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sit̚/ | /ʂit̚/ | /ʂwit̚/ |
| Li Rong | /siĕt̚/ | /ʃiĕt̚/ | /ʃiuĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭĕt̚/ | /ʃĭet̚/ | /ʃĭuĕt̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯ĕt̚/ | /ʂi̯æt̚/ | /ʂi̯uĕt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xi | she | shuai |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sat$^1$ | sat$^1$ | seot$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*srit srut/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sid|srid srud/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 蟋 | 蟀 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xī | shuài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ srit › | ‹ srwit › |
| Old Chinese | /*srit/ | /*srut/ |
| English | 蟋蟀 cricket | 蟋蟀 cricket |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蟋 | 蟋 | 蟀 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13340 | 13343 | 8609 |
| Phonetic component | 悉 | 悉 | 率 |
| Rime group | 質 | 質 | 物 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 悉 | 瑟 | 率 |
| Old Chinese | /*sid/ | /*srid/ | /*srud/ |
| Notes | 見爾雅說文作悉 | | 原列質韻 |

### Noun

蟋蟀
* cricket (insect)
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Jiǔyuè zài hù, shíyuè xīshuài rù wǒ chuáng xià. Qióng zhì xūn shǔ, sài xiàng jìn hù. [Pinyin]
    In the ninth month, about the doors; In the tenth month, the cricket enters under our beds. Chinks are filled up, and rats are smoked out. The windows that face [the north] are stopped up;
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Wēn fēng shǐ zhì, xīshuài jū bì, yīng nǎi xuéxí, fǔcǎo wéi yíng. [Pinyin]
    Gentle winds begin to blow. The cricket takes its place in the walls. (Young) hawks learn to practise (the ways of their parents). Decaying grass becomes fire-flies.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 蟋蟀, 促織, 蜻蛚, 蝍蛆, 蛩, 吟蛩, 秋蛩, 懶婦 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 蟋蟀 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 蟋蟀 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 蛐蛐兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 蟋蟀 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 蛐蛐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 蛐蛐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 蛐蛐兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 蛐蛐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 蛐蛐兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 蛐蛐兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 蛐蛐兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 蛐兒蛐兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 蛐蛐子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 土蚱兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 蛐蛐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 臭吱吱 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 促促兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 蛐蛐兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 秋蟬兒, 蛐蛐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 蛐兒蛐兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 黑油麥蚱, 蛐蛐 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 蟋蟀 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 蛐蛐, 錯翅子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 叫雞子, 叫雞雞, 蛐蛐兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 蛐蛐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 蛐蛐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 蛐蛐兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yangshuo | 灶雞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 蛐蛐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 蛐蛐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 蛐織 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 蛐蛐子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 蛐蛐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 蛐蛐, 蛐蛐子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 織蟀, 蟀, 蟀子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 蟋蟀, 織蟀 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 蟀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 蟀 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 蟀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 織蟀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 蟀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 蟀 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 織蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huancheng) | 織蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nanlang) | 織蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Xiaolan) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Henglan) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongfeng) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nantou) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Fusha) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shalang) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Gangkou) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huangpu) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Sanjiao) | 織促 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Minzhong) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Guzhen) | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Banfu) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanzhou) | 蟀, 蟀蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 足雞 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 酒蟀 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 子蟀 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 蟋蟀 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 織蟀 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 促蟀 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 促蟀 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 促織 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 織蟀 |
| Cantonese | Mandalay (Taishan) | 蟋蟀 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 蛐蛐 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 蟋蟀 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 蟋蟀, 蟋蟀仔 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 蟋蟀仔 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 土唧哩 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 蛛蟀 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 草唧 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 草織 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 草織 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 蟋蟀 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 草雞子 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 草唧 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 草蟀 |
| Hakka | Changting | 草唧 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 草唧子 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 草唧子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 草唧 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 草虻 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 蟋蟀子 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 山灶雞 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 山灶雞子 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 蟋蟀 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 土狗仔, 草唧仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 土狗仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 土狗仔, 草唧仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 土狗, 草唧 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 土狗仔, 草唧仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 土狗 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 織織 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 蛐蛐 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 黑色兒 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 蟋蟀 |
| Jin | Linhe | 秋翅兒 |
| Jin | Jining | 秋鈴兒 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 蛐蛐 |
| Jin | Baotou | 秋鈴兒 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 秋蟬兒 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 蟋蟀 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 蟋蟀 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 蟋蟀 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 壁蟀 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 蟣立 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 蟋蟀 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 記蟀 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 杜猴, 蟋蟀 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 蟋蟀仔 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 杜猴 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 杜伯仔, 杜猴 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 杜猴 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 杜猴, 蟋蟀, 烏龍 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 杜猴, 蟋蟀仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 灶雞仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 杜伯仔, 蟋蟀, 蟋蟀仔 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 烏龍仔 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 杜猴 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 杜猴, 蟋蟀 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 杜猴, 烏龍, 赤蜣, 蟋蟀 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | cengkerik |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 蟋蟀 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 蟋蟀 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 蝍蛛 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 蝍蛛 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 蟋蟀 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 勝勝, 土狗 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 灶織子 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 蹔𧉆 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 蹔𧉆 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 蹔𧉆 |
| Wu | Danyang | 治治 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 蛐蛐兒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 蹔𧉆, 丁獅子 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 蟋蟀 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 蟋蟀兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 蛐蛐 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 蟋蟋 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 蟋蟀子 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 蟋蟀 |

#### Derived terms

* 蟋蟀仔
* 蟋蟀子
* 蟋蟀草
* 鬥蟋蟀／斗蟋蟀

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 蟋 | 蟀 |
| Hyōgai | Hyōgai |
| jukujikun ||
The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 蟋蟀 (xīshuài) (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Alternative forms

* 蛼

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こおろぎ [kóꜜòrògì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞ːɾo̞ɡʲi]

#### Noun

蟋蟀(こおろぎ) or 蟋蟀(コオロギ) • (kōrogi)
* a cricket (insect)

#### See also

* クリケット (kuriketto)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 蟋 | 蟀 |
| しつ > しっ Hyōgai | しゅつ Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しっしゅつ [shìsshútsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕiɕːɨt͡sɨ]

#### Noun

蟋(しっ)蟀(しゅつ) • (shisshutsu)
* a cricket (insect)

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 蟋 | 蟀 |
| しつ > しっ Hyōgai | しゅつ > しつ Hyōgai |
| irregular ||
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

蟋(しっ)蟀(しつ) • (shisshitsu)
* a cricket (insect)

### Etymology 4

Kanji in this term :
| 蟋 | 蟀 |
| Hyōgai | Hyōgai |
| irregular ||
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

蟋蟀(させ) • (sase)
* (archaic) a cricket (insect)

### Etymology 5

Kanji in this term :
| 蟋 | 蟀 |
| Hyōgai | Hyōgai |
| irregular ||
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

蟋蟀(きりぎりす) or 蟋蟀(キリギリス) • (kirigirisu)
* Alternative spelling of 螽斯 (“Japanese katydid”)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 蟋 | 蟀 |

### Noun

蟋蟀 • (silsol) (hangeul 실솔)
* (archaic) hanja form of 실솔 (“cricket”)