OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ꜣb
## Egyptian
### Pronunciation

* (modern Egyptological) IPA: /ɑb/
** Conventional anglicization: ab

### Etymology 1

Related to ꜣbb (“to separate from”).

#### Verb

2-lit.
* (intransitive) to stop, to take a break [since Middle Kingdom literature]
* (transitive) to cease or stop [with infinitive or (in the Greco-Roman Period) r or m or n (+ infinitive) ‘doing something’]
* (transitive) to avoid
* (intransitive) to tarry or stay for a while [with ḥr ‘with someone’]
* (intransitive) to part with, to separate from [Late Period to Greco-Roman Period] [with r]

##### Alternative forms

| ꜣb | ꜣbj | ꜣb |
| [New Kingdom] | [New Kingdom] | [Greco-Roman Period] |

##### Derived terms

* ꜣbw
* jrj ꜣbw

### Etymology 2

Likely related to ꜣbw (“elephant, ivory, tusk”).

#### Noun

m
* fingernail [Late Period]

##### Descendants

* Demotic: yb
** Akhmimic Coptic: ⲉⲓⲃ (eib), ⲓⲉⲓⲃ (ieib)
** Bohairic Coptic: ⲓⲉⲃ (ieb), ⲓⲏⲃ (iēb)
** Fayyumic Coptic: ⲓϥ (if)
** Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲓⲃ (eib), ⲉⲓⲉⲓⲃ (eieib), ⲉⲓⲉⲃ (eieb)

### References

* Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 2
* Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 6.2–6.8, 7.21
* Wilson, Penelope (1991) A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu, Liverpool: University of Liverpool, pages 7–9
* James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 272.
* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 76
# кровопролитный
## Russian
### Etymology

кровопроли́тие (krovoprolítije) +‎ -ный (-nyj)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [krəvəprɐˈlʲitnɨj]

### Adjective

кровопроли́тный • (krovoprolítnyj)
* bloody, sanguinary
    кровопроли́тное сраже́ниеkrovoprolítnoje sražénijebloody battle

#### Related terms

* кровопроли́тие (krovoprolítije)
# きけいがく
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of きけいがく – see the following entry. :
| 【奇形学】 | [noun] (medicine) teratology - The study of teratogenesis, congenital malformations or grossly deformed individuals [noun] (toxicology) teratology - The study of the mechanisms, teratogenic agents, or teratogens, in bringing about malformations |
(This term, きけいがく (kikeigaku), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# Šuch
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃux]

### Proper noun

Šuch m anim (female equivalent Šuchová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Šuch”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# unrelievably
## English
### Etymology

From unrelievable +‎ -ly.

### Adverb

unrelievably (comparative more unrelievably, superlative most unrelievably)
* In an unrelievable manner.
# ħammeġ
## Maltese

* Root
* ħ-m-ġ
* 7 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic خَمَّجَ (ḵammaja).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈħam.mɛt͡ʃ/

### Verb

ħammeġ (imperfect jħammeġ, past participle mħammeġ, verbal noun taħmiġ)
* (transitive) to soil, make dirty
* (figurative) to dishonour, besmirch
* (intransitive, mostly of animals) to defecate
    Synonym: (vulgar) ħara

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of ħammeġ :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| perfect | m | ħammiġt | ħammiġt | ħammeġ | ħammiġna | ħammiġtu | ħammġu |
| perfect | f | ħammiġt | ħammiġt | ħammġet | ħammiġna | ħammiġtu | ħammġu |
| imperfect | m | nħammeġ | tħammeġ | jħammeġ | nħammġu | tħammġu | jħammġu |
| imperfect | f | nħammeġ | tħammeġ | tħammeġ | nħammġu | tħammġu | jħammġu |
| imperative | | | ħammeġ | | | ħammġu | |
# recede
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French receder, from Latin recedere (“to withdraw; to go back”), from re- + cedere (“to go”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɹɪˈsiːd/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːd

### Verb

recede (third-person singular simple present recedes, present participle receding, simple past and past participle receded)
* To move back; to retreat; to withdraw; to retrocede.
** 1717, John Dryden [et al.], “(please specify |book=I to XV)”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:Like the hollow roar / Of tides receding from th' insulted shore.
** 1725, Richard Bentley, The Folly and Unreasonableness of Atheism:All bodies moved circularly have a perpetual endeavour to recede from the center.
* To cede back; to grant or yield again to a former possessor.
    to recede conquered territory
* To take back.
(Can we add an example for this sense?)

#### Synonyms

    The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.
* withdraw

#### Derived terms

* receding

#### Related terms

* cede
* recedence
* recession
* recess
* recessive

#### Translations
### References

* Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “recede”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

### Anagrams

* decree

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /reˈt͡ʃɛ.de/
* Rhymes: -ɛde
* Hyphenation: re‧cè‧de

### Verb

recede
* third-person singular present indicative of recedere

### Anagrams

* cedere

## Latin
### Verb

recēde
* second-person singular present active imperative of recēdō

## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈret͡ʃede/

### Verb

reċede
* inflection of reċċan:
** first/third-person singular preterite
** first/third-person singular preterite subjunctive
# tríscelos
## Portuguese
### Noun

tríscelos m
* plural of tríscelo
# अशनि
## Sanskrit
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *aḱanā (compare Latin agna (“ear of wheat”), Lithuanian ašnìs (“edge, blade”), Czech osina, Ancient Greek ἄκαινα (ákaina, “spike, prick”), ἄκανος (ákanos, “pine-thistle”), English awn, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɐ́.ɕɐ.ni/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɐ.ɕɐ.n̪i/

### Noun

अशनि • (aśáni) stem, f
* the thunderbolt, a flash of lightning
    Synonyms: वज्र (vajra), कुलिश (kuliśa)
* the tip of a missile
* (in astronomy) a subdivision of the phenomena called Ulkās
* a hailstone

#### Descendants

* Pali: asani
* Punjabi: ਅਹਿਣ (ahiṇ), اَہِݨ (ahiṇ)
* → Bengali: অশনি (ôśôni)
* → Malayalam: അശനി (aśani)
# měra
## Lower Sorbian
### Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *měra. Cognate with Upper Sorbian měra, Polish miara, Czech míra, Russian мера (mera), Old Church Slavonic мѣра (měra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmʲɪra/

### Noun

měra f
* measure (quantity etc. compared to a standard)

#### Related terms

* měriś impf
# tjejiga
## Swedish
### Adjective

tjejiga
* inflection of tjejig:
** definite singular
** plural
# Müllerian mimicry
## English
### Alternative forms

* Mullerian mimicry

### Etymology

Named after German naturalist Fritz Müller.

### Proper noun

Müllerian mimicry
* (evolutionary theory) The resemblance of two or more poisonous species with each other, giving the effect that they are all more recognisable to potential predators. For example, the monarch butterfly and the viceroy butterfly.

#### See also

* Compare with Batesian mimicry.
# hetolan
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxe.to.lɑn/, [ˈhe.to.lɑn]

### Adjective

hetolan
* inflection of hetol:
** weak accusative masculine/feminine singular
** weak genitive/dative/instrumental masculine/feminine/neuter singular
** weak nominative/accusative masculine/feminine/neuter plural
# ākām
## Khiamniungan Naga
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /a³³kam³³/

### Noun

ākām
* (Patsho) conference(a formal social gathering or any official occasions)
# Coordinated Universal Time
## English
### Proper noun

Coordinated Universal Time
* The primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time.
* A high-precision atomic time standard.

#### Synonyms

* UTC (abbreviation)
* GMT
* Zulu time

#### Derived terms

* Coordinated Mars Time

#### Translations
### Further reading

* Coordinated Universal Time on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# demand letter
## English
### Noun

demand letter (plural demand letters)
* (law) A letter stating a legal claim, usually drafted by a lawyer, issuing a demand for restitution or performance of some obligation.
# app slave
## English
### Etymology

From app (“a phone application”) +‎ slave.

### Noun

app slave (plural app slaves)
* (humorous, derogatory) A self-employed laborer who provides work for gig economy services, particularly food delivery and rideshare programs.
    Coordinate term: wage slave
** 2022 October 18, @GothMarxist, Twitter‎:Oh no the app slave was performing the level of labor commensurate with his pay, what a travesty. Is she ok?
** 2024 November 6, @JackPLamb, Twitter‎:Cities swung to Trump because they are mad that app slaves cost more than they did in 2020
# Пирей
## Russian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Πειραιεύς (Peiraieús).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pʲɪˈrʲej]

### Proper noun

Пире́й • (Piréj) m inan (genitive Пире́я)
* Piraeus (a municipality and port in Greece, part of Athens agglomeration, the chief port of Athens, located on the Saronic Gulf)
* Piraeus (a regional unit of Greece)
# hocc
## Old English
### Noun

hocc m
* Alternative form of hoc
# Iara
## English
### Etymology

From Romanian Iara.

### Proper noun

Iara
* A commune of Cluj, Romania.
* A village in Iara, Cluj, Romania.

## Portuguese
### Alternative forms

* Yara, Uiara

### Etymology

Borrowed from Nheengatu iiyara (“mistress of water”), from ií (“water”) +‎ yara (“lord/lady”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈja.ɾɐ/, /iˈa.ɾɐ/ [ɪˈa.ɾɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ˈja.ɾɐ/, /iˈa.ɾɐ/ [ɪˈa.ɾɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ˈja.ɾa/, /iˈa.ɾa/ [ɪˈa.ɾa]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈja.ɾɐ/
* Rhymes: -aɾɐ
* Hyphenation: I‧a‧ra

### Proper noun

Iara f (Brazil)
* a female given name from Nheengatu
* a female water figure of Brazilian mythology, variously described as a mermaid, siren or nymph

### References

* ↑ Marcel Twardowsky Avila (2021) “iiyara”, in Proposta de dicionário nheengatu-português (in Portuguese), São Paulo: USP, →DOI, page 316

## Romanian
### Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic ꙗра (jara), genitive of ꙗръ (jarŭ, “severe, angry”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Iara f
* A commune of Cluj, Romania
* A village in Iara, Cluj, Romania
# ꠗꠟꠣ
## Sylheti
### Etymology

From *ꠗꠟ (*dól) +‎ -ꠀ (-a). *ꠗꠢ is from Sanskrit धवल (dhavala). Cognate with Rohingya dóla.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d̪ɔ́la/

### Adjective

ꠗꠟꠣ • (dóla)
* white
    Synonym: ꠡꠣꠖꠣ (śada)
    Antonym: ꠇꠣꠟꠣ (xala)

### See also

Colors in Sylheti · ꠞꠋꠀꠁꠘ (roṅain) (layout · text) :
| ꠗꠟꠣ (dóla) | ꠍꠣꠁꠞꠋꠀ (sáiroṅa) | ꠇꠣꠟꠣ (xala) |
| ꠟꠣꠟ (lal); [Term?] | ꠇꠝ꠆ꠟꠣ (xomla); ꠈꠄꠞꠤ (xóeri) | ꠅꠂꠟꠖꠤꠀ (oilodia); ꠙꠤꠋꠟꠣ (fiṅla) |
| ꠟꠦꠝ꠆ꠛꠥꠞꠋꠀ (lemburoṅa) | ꠇꠌꠥꠀ (xosua) | ꠙꠥꠖꠤꠘꠣꠞꠋꠀ (fudinaroṅa); ꠏꠦ ꠇꠌꠥꠀ (zé xosua) |
| ꠇꠌꠥꠀꠐꠤ ꠘꠤꠟ (xosuaṭi nil); ꠌꠂꠔꠤ (soiti) | ꠀꠡꠝꠣꠘꠤ (aśmani) | ꠘꠤꠟꠥꠀ (nilua) |
| ꠛꠣꠁꠋꠉꠘꠤ (baiṅgoni); ꠛꠣꠁꠋꠉꠘꠤ ꠘꠤꠟ (baiṅgoni nil) | ꠝꠦꠎꠦꠘ꠆ꠒꠣ (mezenḍa); ꠛꠣꠁꠋꠉꠘꠤ (baiṅgoni) | ꠉꠥꠟꠣꠙꠤ (gulafi) |

### References

* Gwynn, Roger (2016) “đola_¹”, in Londoni Sylheti dictionary, Part I : Sylheti-English, Middletown, DE: Acre Press.
# رابطة
## Arabic

* Root
* ر ب ط (r b ṭ)
* 12 terms

### Etymology

Tool noun formed from active participle of رَبَطَ (rabaṭa, “to bind”), as رَابِط (rābiṭ, “who binds (person)”) +‎ ـَة (-a).

### Pronunciation

IPA: /raː.bi.tˤa/

### Noun

رَابِطَة • (rābiṭa) f (plural رَابِطَات (rābiṭāt) or رَوَابِط (rawābiṭ))
* association, league, union
* (chemistry) bond

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: rabitə
* → Persian: رابطه (râbete)
* → Ottoman Turkish: رابطه (rabıta)
** → Turkish: rabıta

#### See also

* رابطة أيونية
* رابطة تساهمية
# بحبوحه
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic بُحْبُوحَة (buḥbūḥa).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [buh.buː.ˈha]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bo̞ɦ.boː.ɦǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [bo̞ɦ.boː.ɦǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [bʊ.bʊ.wǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [bu.bu.wǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [boɦ.buː.ɦé]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [bɵh.bu.ɦǽ]

### Noun

بحبوحه • (bohbuhe)
* middle part
* the middle (of), the thick (of)
    .در بحبوحه‌ی جنک کشته شدdar bohbuhe-ye jang košte šod.He was killed in the thick of the fight.

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “بحبوحه”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
# black-headed bunting
## English
### Noun

black-headed bunting (plural black-headed buntings)
* Emberiza melanocephala, a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae.

#### Translations
### References

* black-headed bunting on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Emberiza melanocephala on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Emberiza melanocephala on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# hlem
## Old English
### Noun

hlem f
* Alternative form of hlimme
# Hellendoorn
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch Hellendoorn.

### Proper noun

Hellendoorn
* A village and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands.

## Dutch
### Etymology

First attested as hellender in 1275-1280. Perhaps derived from Middle Dutch holendere (“elder, Sambucus nigra”). A compound of Middle Dutch hel (“low-lying”) and doorn (“thorn bush”) is also possible. Compare Haalderen and Halder.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɦɛ.lə(n)ˌdoːrn/
* Hyphenation: Hel‧len‧doorn

### Proper noun

Hellendoorn n
* A village and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands
    Meronyms: Daarle, Daarlerveen, Eelen, Egede, Haarle, Hankate, Hexel, Hulsen, Marle, Nijverdal, Noetsele, Overwater, Piksen, Rhaan, Schuilenburg

#### Derived terms

* Hellendoorner
* Hellendoorns

### References

* van Berkel, Gerard, Samplonius, Kees (2018) Nederlandse plaatsnamen verklaard (in Dutch), Mijnbestseller.nl, →ISBN
# Visaya
## Cebuano
### Etymology

See Bisaya.

### Pronunciation

* Hyphenation: Bi‧sa‧ya
* IPA: /biˈs̺ajaʔ/

### Proper noun

Visayà
* a surname

## Tagalog
### Etymology

See Bisaya.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /viˈsajaʔ/ [vɪˈsaː.jɐʔ]
** IPA: (more native-sounding) /biˈsajaʔ/ [bɪˈsaː.jɐʔ]
* Rhymes: -ajaʔ
* Syllabification: Vi‧sa‧ya

### Proper noun

Visayà (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜐᜌ)
* a surname
* (obsolete) Alternative form of Bisaya
# کباده
## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ka.βɑː.ˈða]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰä.bɑː.d̪ǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰä.bɑː.d̪ǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [kʰä.bɑː.d̪ǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [kʰä.bɔː.d̪ǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [kʰʲæ.bɒː.d̪é]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [kʰä.bɔ.d̪ǽ]

### Noun

کباده • (kabâde)
* bow-like metal equipment used for exercise

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “کباده”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
# brać sobie do serca
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* brać do serca

### Etymology

Literally, “take to heart”. Compare French prendre à cœur.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbrat͡ɕ ˈsɔ.bjɛ dɔ ˈsɛr.t͡sa/
* Syllabification: brać so‧bie do ser‧ca

### Verb

brać sobie do serca impf (perfective wziąć sobie do serca)
* (transitive, idiomatic) to take to heart (to take something seriously; to internalize or live according to something)
    Synonym: przejmować się
    brać radę sobie do serca ― to take advice to heart

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* brać sobie do serca in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* brać sobie do serca in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# certolić
## Polish
### Etymology

From Austrian German zärteln +‎ -ić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡sɛrˈtɔ.lit͡ɕ/
* Audio; “certolić się”:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔlit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: cer‧to‧lić

### Verb

certolić impf
* (reflexive with się, colloquial) to coddle, to handle with kid gloves [with z (+ instrumental) ‘someone/something’]
    Synonyms: cackać się, ceregielić się, certować się, pieścić się
* (reflexive with się, colloquial) to stand on ceremony
    Synonyms: ceregielić się, certować się, wzbraniać się

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* certolić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* certolić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# مصلوب
## Arabic

* Root
* ص ل ب (ṣ l b)
* 9 terms

### Etymology

Derived from the passive participle of صَلَبَ (ṣalaba).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /masˤ.luːb/
* Rhymes: -uːb

### Adjective

مَصْلُوب • (maṣlūb)
* crucified

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: məslub
* → Ottoman Turkish: مصلوب (maslüb)
# juszyć
## Polish
### Etymology

From jucha +‎ -yć. First attested in 1588. Compare Kashubian juszëc and Silesian juszyć.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈju.ʂɘt͡ɕ/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈju.ʂɨt͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -uʂɘt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ju‧szyć

### Verb

juszyć impf
* (intransitive, obsolete, of animals, especially bears) to bleed
    Synonym: krwawić
* (transitive, obsolete) to bloody (to stain with blood)
    Synonym: zakrwawiać
* (transitive, obsolete or Warmia) to irritate, to provoke
    Synonym: jątrzyć
* (reflexive with się, obsolete) to get bloody (to get drenched in blood)
    Synonym: zakrwawiać się
* (reflexive with się, obsolete) to get irritated, to get angry

#### Derived terms

* podjuszyć pf, podjuszać impf
* pojuszyć pf
* rozjuszyć pf, rozjuszać impf
* ujuszyć pf
* wyjuszyć pf
* zajuszyć pf, zajuszać impf
* zjuszyć pf

### References

* ↑ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “juszyć”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego (in Polish)
* ↑ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “juszyć”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
* ↑ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “juszyć się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku

### Further reading

* juszyć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* “JUSZYĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku, 20.11.2018
* Wiesław Morawski (22.11.2018) “JUSZYĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku
* Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “juszyć”, in Słownik języka polskiego
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “juszyć”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “juszyć”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 189
# katulać
## Polish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ukrainian кату́ляти (katúljaty, dialectal).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaˈtu.lat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ulat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ka‧tu‧lać

### Verb

katulać impf
* (transitive, Lviv) to roll (to cause to revolve by turning over and over; to move by turning on an axis)
    Synonyms: kulać, toczyć, turlać
* (reflexive with się, Lviv) to roll (to turn over and over) [with po (+ locative) ‘on what’]
    Synonyms: kulać się, toczyć się, turlać się
* (reflexive with się, humorous, Lviv) to crawl (to move slowly) [with do (+ genitive) or na (+ accusative) ‘to where’, along with po (+ locative) ‘on what’]
    Synonym: wlec się

#### Conjugation
### References

* ↑ Adam Fałowski (2022) “katulać”, in Słownik etymologiczny polszczyzny potocznej, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, →ISBN

### Further reading

* katulać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* katulać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# nażreć
## Polish
### Etymology

From na- +‎ żreć. First attested in 1666. Compare Czech nažrat, Kashubian narżéc, Russian нажра́ть／нажра́ться (nažrátʹ), Silesian nażrać, and Ukrainian наже́рти／наже́ртися (nažérty).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈna.ʐrɛt͡ɕ/
* (Middle Polish) IPA: /ˈna.ʐrɛt͡ɕ/, /ˈna.ʐret͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -aʐrɛt͡ɕ
* Syllabification: na‧żreć

### Verb

nażreć pf (imperfective nażerać)
* (reflexive with się) to stuff oneself, to gorge, to inhale [with genitive ‘what’]
    Synonyms: napchać się, nawciskać się, opchać się
* (reflexive with się, colloquial, of animals) to eat one's fill [with genitive] or [with instrumental ‘what’]
    Synonym: najeść się

### Verb

nażreć pf
* (reflexive with się, colloquial, derogatory) to eat one's fill (to satisfy a need or desire at the expense of other people) [with genitive] [with na (+ locative) ‘on what’]
* (reflexive with się, colloquial) to gorge (to experience many strong and negative emotions)

#### Conjugation
### References

* ↑ PERSPECTIVA NA OBIASNIENIE NIEWINNOSCI TEGOZ IEGO MOŚCI P. LVBOMIRSKIEGO MARSZAŁKA WIELKIEGO y HETMANA POLNEGO KORONNEGO‎ (in Polish), 1666, page 71

### Further reading

* nażreć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* nażreć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “nażreć”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “nażreć”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 239
# obśliniać
## Polish
### Etymology

From obślinić +‎ -ać. First attested in 1846.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔpˈɕli.ɲat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -iɲat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: ob‧śli‧niać

### Verb

obśliniać impf (perfective obślinić)
* (transitive) to beslobber, to drool on (to soil with spit)
* (reflexive with się) to slobber on oneself, to drool on oneself
    Synonym: ośliniać się
* (reflexive with się) to beslobber each other, to drool on one another
    Synonym: ośliniać się
* (reflexive with się) to drool over (to show an overly large interest in something) [with na (+ accusative) ‘over whom/what’], [with z (+ genitive) ‘over what’]
    Synonym: ośliniać się

#### Conjugation
### References

* ↑ Gazeta Codzienna (in Polish), number 313, 1846 November 23, page 3

### Further reading

* obśliniać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* obśliniać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “obśliniać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
* obśliniać in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# odbierać życie
## Polish
### Alternative forms

* pozbawiać życia

### Etymology

Literally, “to take away [the] life [of]”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔdˈbjɛ.rat͡ɕ ˈʐɘ.t͡ɕɛ/
* Syllabification: od‧bie‧rać ży‧cie

### Verb

odbierać życie impf (perfective odebrać życie)
* (intransitive, idiomatic) to take someone's life [with dative ‘whose’]
    Synonym: zabić
* (reflexive with sobie, idiomatic) to take one's own life
    Synonyms: zabijać się, zarzynać się

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* ktoś odbiera sobie życie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* ktoś/coś odbiera życie komuś in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* odbierać życie in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# odhumanizowywać
## Polish
### Etymology

From odhumanizować +‎ -ywać. First attested in 1993.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔt.xu.ma.ɲi.zɔˈvɘ.vat͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɘvat͡ɕ
* Syllabification: od‧hu‧ma‧ni‧zo‧wy‧wać

### Verb

odhumanizowywać impf (perfective odhumanizować)
* (transitive, literary) to dehumanize (to not treat as a human)
    Synonyms: dehumanizować, odczłowieczać
    Antonym: humanizować
* (transitive, literary) to dehumanize (to cause something to be less useful to humans)
    Synonyms: dehumanizować, odczłowieczać
    Antonym: humanizować
* (reflexive with się) to dehumanize (to lose qualities useful or positive for humans)
    Synonym: dehumanizować się
    Antonym: humanizować się

#### Conjugation
### References

* ↑ Pęzik, Piotr, Przepiórkowski, A., Bańko, M., Górski, R., Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, B (2012) Wyszukiwarka PELCRA dla danych NKJP. Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego‎, Wydawnictwo PWN

### Further reading

* odhumanizowywać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* odhumanizowywać się in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* odhumanizowywać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
* odhumanizowywać in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
# odmrozić
## Polish
### Etymology

From od- +‎ mrozić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔdˈmrɔ.ʑit͡ɕ/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɔʑit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: od‧mro‧zić

### Verb

odmrozić pf (imperfective odmrażać)
* (transitive) to frostbite, to damage (e.g. skin) by freezing
* (transitive) to unfreeze, to defrost
    Synonym: rozmrozić
* (reflexive with się) to thaw, to defrost
    Synonym: rozmrozić się

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* odmrozić in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* odmrozić in Polish dictionaries at PWN