# charlotte russe
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from French charlotte russe (literally “Russian charlotte”). The origin of the term is obscure; one theory is that the dish was created by French chef Marie-Antoine Carême (1784–1833) and named in honour of his employer Alexander I of Russia.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈʃɑːlət ˈɹuːs/
* Audio (Southern England):noicon(file)
* (General American) IPA: /ˈʃɑɹlət ˈɹus/
* Rhymes: -uːs
* Hyphenation: char‧lotte russe

### Noun

charlotte russe (plural charlottes russes or charlottes russe or charlotte russes)
* A dessert of custard or whipped cream enclosed in sponge cake, often in the form of ladyfingers. [from mid 19th c.]
** 1854, Arthur Pendennis [pseudonym; William Makepeace Thackeray], “Clive’s Uncles”, in The Newcomes: Memoirs of a Most Respectable Family, volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], →OCLC, page 51:And Mrs. Newcome was not unkind: and if Clive had been really a young duke, I am sure he would have had the best bed-room at Marble Hill, and not one of the far-off little rooms in the boys' wing; I am sure he would have had jellies and Charlottes Russes, instead of mere broth, chicken and batter pudding as fell to his lot; […]
** 1857 February 28, “Lenten Fast of Fashion”, in Harper’s Weekly. A Journal of Civilization, volume I, number 9, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, publishers, […], →OCLC, page 131, column 4:Cod and oyster sauce; smelt tossed with eggs, and made piquant with a squeeze of lemon (don't forget the lemon); chocolate custards, and a proper variety of puff-pâtés, blancmange, jellies, ice-creams, and Charlotte russe, are not bad to take, and, moreover, commend themselves to the pious conscience, for they are not forbidden by pope or council.
** 1867 March 9, “Lady Llanover’s Good Cookery”, in The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science, and Art, volume 23, number 593, London: Published at the office, […], →OCLC, page 312, column 2:But people don't think of training cooks, though they train ballet-girls, sempstresses, and bonnet-makers. A good Charlotte Russe is a higher effort of talent than a bonnet.
** 1871 April 26, “Extracts from The Yale Courant. Published Every Week during Term Time. Editors, Class of ’71: C. R. Dudley, H. R. Elliot, H. Mansfield.”, in The College Courant. A Weekly Journal Devoted to College Interests, Science, and Literature, volume VIII, number 17, New Haven, Conn.: Charles C. Chatfield & Co, publishers, published 29 April 1871, →OCLC, page 203, column 1:When we reflect on the peanuts, oranges, soda water, cream cakes, bananas, claret punch, oysters, lemonade, Welch rare bits, ale, chicken and lobster salad, lager, pie, charlotte russe, ice cream, and cake and so forth, which are nightly mingled in the undergraduate's stomach, we are unavoidably led to remember that Blair is said to be the best undertaker in the city, though Hoadly and Co. are perhaps more handy for the student trade.
** 1876, Mary F[oote] Henderson, “Bavarian Creams”, in Practical Cooking and Dinner Giving. […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, publishers. […], →OCLC, page 283:The Bavarian creams all make good charlottes-russe, the peach Bavarian making an especially delicious one. Sometimes these mixtures are frozen, and put into charlotte molds; the cake is formed in molds a trifle larger.
** 1943, Betty Smith, chapter XVI, in A Tree Grows in Brooklyn, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC; 2nd edition, New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers, 1943, →OCLC, page 120:There was a bakery store to one side of it which sold beautiful charlotte russes with red candied cherries on their whipped-cream tops for those who were rich enough to buy.
** 2018, Tamar Adler, “Crying for Cream (Desserts)”, in Something Old, Something New: Classic Recipes Revisited, New York, N.Y.: Scribner, →ISBN:Charlotte Russe emerged during First Empire France, under the name charlotte à la Parisienne. (The Russian charlotte is the Parisian charlotte, the name change a consequence of Carême's employ; he went to work for a tsar and paid appropriate homage.) […] Variations proliferated, and charlottes Russe appeared on dessert menus from La Côte Basque, where cream was hand whisked and savoie biscuits hand piped, to the 24-hour diner on Route 2, whose fillings may have been instant pudding or canned whipped topping, cookies from a cellophane bag, and garnishes canned peaches or strawberry pie topping.

#### Hypernyms

* charlotte

#### Translations
### Notes

* ↑ From Janet M. Hill (1909 April) “Seasonable Recipes”, in The Boston Cooking-school Magazine of Culinary Science and Domestic Economics, volume XIII, number 9, Boston, Mass.: The Boston Cooking School Magazine Co., […], →OCLC, page 431.

### References

* ↑ See, for example, Judy Gelman, Vicki Levy Krupp (2012) “A Tree Grows in Brooklyn • Betty Smith [Charlotte Russe]”, in The Book Club Cookbook: Recipes and Food for Thought from Your Book Club’s Favorite Books and Authors, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Penguin, →ISBN.

### Further reading

* charlotte (cake) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Finnish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French charlotte russe.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʃɑrlot ˈrys/, [ˈʃɑ̝rlo̞t̪ ˈrys̠]

### Noun

charlotte russe
* charlotte russe (type of dessert)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of charlotte russe (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation) :
first-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
charlotte russeni
charlotte russeni
accusative
nom.
charlotte russeni
charlotte russeni
gen.
charlotte russeni
genitive
charlotte russeni
charlotte russejeni charlotte russeini $^{rare}$
partitive
charlotte russeani
charlotte russejani
inessive
charlotte russessani
charlotte russeissani
elative
charlotte russestani
charlotte russeistani
illative
charlotte russeeni
charlotte russeihini
adessive
charlotte russellani
charlotte russeillani
ablative
charlotte russeltani
charlotte russeiltani
allative
charlotte russelleni
charlotte russeilleni
essive
charlotte russenani
charlotte russeinani
translative
charlotte russekseni
charlotte russeikseni
abessive
charlotte russettani
charlotte russeittani
instructive
comitative
—charlotte russeineni
second-person singular possessor
singular
plural
nominative
charlotte russesi
charlotte russesi
accusative
nom.
charlotte russesi
charlotte russesi
gen.
charlotte russesi
genitive
charlotte russesi
charlotte russejesi charlotte russeisi $^{rare}$
partitive
charlotte russeasi
charlotte russejasi
inessive
charlotte russessasi
charlotte russeissasi
elative
charlotte russestasi
charlotte russeistasi
illative
charlotte russeesi
charlotte russeihisi
adessive
charlotte russellasi
charlotte russeillasi
ablative
charlotte russeltasi
charlotte russeiltasi
allative
charlotte russellesi
charlotte russeillesi
essive
charlotte russenasi
charlotte russeinasi
translative
charlotte russeksesi
charlotte russeiksesi
abessive
charlotte russettasi
charlotte russeittasi
instructive
comitative
—charlotte russeinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
charlotte russemme
charlotte russemme
accusative
nom.
charlotte russemme
charlotte russemme
gen.
charlotte russemme
genitive
charlotte russemme
charlotte russejemme charlotte russeimme $^{rare}$
partitive
charlotte russeamme
charlotte russejamme
inessive
charlotte russessamme
charlotte russeissamme
elative
charlotte russestamme
charlotte russeistamme
illative
charlotte russeemme
charlotte russeihimme
adessive
charlotte russellamme
charlotte russeillamme
ablative
charlotte russeltamme
charlotte russeiltamme
allative
charlotte russellemme
charlotte russeillemme
essive
charlotte russenamme
charlotte russeinamme
translative
charlotte russeksemme
charlotte russeiksemme
abessive
charlotte russettamme
charlotte russeittamme
instructive
comitative
—charlotte russeinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular
plural
nominative
charlotte russenne
charlotte russenne
accusative
nom.
charlotte russenne
charlotte russenne
gen.
charlotte russenne
genitive
charlotte russenne
charlotte russejenne charlotte russeinne $^{rare}$
partitive
charlotte russeanne
charlotte russejanne
inessive
charlotte russessanne
charlotte russeissanne
elative
charlotte russestanne
charlotte russeistanne
illative
charlotte russeenne
charlotte russeihinne
adessive
charlotte russellanne
charlotte russeillanne
ablative
charlotte russeltanne
charlotte russeiltanne
allative
charlotte russellenne
charlotte russeillenne
essive
charlotte russenanne
charlotte russeinanne
translative
charlotte russeksenne
charlotte russeiksenne
abessive
charlotte russettanne
charlotte russeittanne
instructive
comitative
—charlotte russeinenne
third-person possessor
singular
plural
nominative
charlotte russensa
charlotte russensa
accusative
nom.
charlotte russensa
charlotte russensa
gen.
charlotte russensa
genitive
charlotte russensa
charlotte russejensa charlotte russeinsa $^{rare}$
partitive
charlotte russeaan charlotte russeansa
charlotte russejaan charlotte russejansa
inessive
charlotte russessaan charlotte russessansa
charlotte russeissaan charlotte russeissansa
elative
charlotte russestaan charlotte russestansa
charlotte russeistaan charlotte russeistansa
illative
charlotte russeensa
charlotte russeihinsa
adessive
charlotte russellaan charlotte russellansa
charlotte russeillaan charlotte russeillansa
ablative
charlotte russeltaan charlotte russeltansa
charlotte russeiltaan charlotte russeiltansa
allative
charlotte russelleen charlotte russellensa
charlotte russeilleen charlotte russeillensa
essive
charlotte russenaan charlotte russenansa
charlotte russeinaan charlotte russeinansa
translative
charlotte russekseen charlotte russeksensa
charlotte russeikseen charlotte russeiksensa
abessive
charlotte russettaan charlotte russettansa
charlotte russeittaan charlotte russeittansa
instructive
comitative
—charlotte russeineen charlotte russeinensa :