# P'u-t'ien
## English
### Etymology

From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 莆田 (Pútián), Wade-Giles romanization: Pʻu²-tʻien².

### Proper noun

P'u-t'ien
* Alternative form of Putian.
** 1931, Mary Brewster Hollister, 同澤靈傳 [Lady Fourth Daughter of China]‎, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Central Committee on the United Study of Foreign Missions, pages 11-12:Every child of Pʻu-tʻien knows that the fertile plain, girdled by mountains and facing the Yellow Sea, was once a great salt marsh, for Pʻu-tʻien means "Salt Grass Fields." It was Lady Fourth Daughter, a Chinese girl of the Sung Dynasty, a thousand years ago, who dreamed of building a dam to hold back the salt tides, and to send the fresh life-giving waters of the River of Playful Fairies into a system of canals threading the plain. Thus would the salt marshes be redeemed into rice fields for the feeding of countless villages. The fair, high-walled county seat came to be named Hing-hwa, "Transformed to Flourishing," because of her gift of Fertile Fields. Being a child of Pʻu-tʻien myself I, too, have always known the lovely legends about Lady Fourth Daughter of the family of Ching.
** 1960, Hisayuki Miyakawa, “The Confucianization of South China”, in Arthur F. Wright, editor, The Confucian Persuasion (Stanford Studies in the Civilizations of Eastern Asia)‎, Stanford, Cali.: Stanford University Press, →OCLC, pages 37–38:According to the Pa-min T’ung-chih, Cheng Lu’s study was located at Hsing-haufu (P’u-t’ien hsien, Fukien) as earily as the Liang and Ch'en periods, and the T’ang Shih-tao Chih ("A T’ang Topography of the Ten Districts") tells us that many "robe and cap" gentry families gathered at Ch’üan-choufu (Chin-chiang hsien, Fukien) when the Chin capital was removed to the south.
** 1967, Wolfram Eberhard, Guilt and Sin in Traditional China‎, University of California Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 58:Mu-lien was a pious Buddhist who attempted to save his mother from the punishments in hell, as we heard above (p. 25), and who, according to some traditions, eventually became Ti-tsang.⁷⁵ He, too, had several temples. In our survey, the oldest one was in Hsia-p'u (Fukien), renamed with his name in 954, rebuilt in 972, and for the last time, in 1915. There was still another temple for him in Hsia-p'u, but undated. Otherwise, we have only a 1608 temple for him in P'u-t'ien (Fukien) and an undated temple in Hsiang-shan (Kuangtung).
** 1980, Judith A. Berling, The Syncretic Religion of Lin Chao-en‎, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 62:Lin Chao-en was born in 1517 in P'u-t'ien, Fukien, the second son of his father Wan-jen.¹ P'u-t'ien was known for the success of its sons in the government examinations.
** 2004, Hugh R. Clark, “Reinventing the Genealogy: Innovation in Kinship Practice in the Tenth to Eleventh Centuries”, in Thomas H. C. Lee, editor, The New and the Multiple: Sung Senses of the Past‎, Chinese University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 248:All the cases I will examine come from P'u-t'ien district. Until the early Sung, P'u-t'ien was part of Ch'üan-chou prefecture; in 983 a new prefecture, Hsing-hua Commandery (Hsing-hua chün), was established with P'u-t'ien as the prefectural capital. The district is located on the lower reaches of the Mu-lan River, the principle river system between the Chin River of Ch'üan-chou to the south and the Min River of Fu-chou to the north. No doubt because of their proximity to the latter, which had been the social, cultural, and political heart of Fu-chien for many centuries, most of the elite kin groups in P'u-t'ien claimed to be collateral branches of prominent Fu-chou kin groups who had settled in P'u-t'ien no later than the early T'ang. Collectively the P'u-t'ien elite claimed the most ancient pedigree among the Min-nan elite. It is, therefore, not surprising that they claim the oldest genealogical tradition as well.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:P'u-t'ien.

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Shabad, Theodore (1972) “Index”, in China's Changing Map‎, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 345, 360:Chinese place names are listed in three common spelling styles: […] (1) the Post Office system, […] (2) the Wade-Giles system, […] shown after the main entry […] (3) the Chinese Communists' own Pinyin romanization system, which also appears in parentheses […] Putien (P’u-t’ien, Putian)