# 障

| 障 | U+969C, &#38556; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-969C |
| ← 際 [U+969B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 隝 → [U+969D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

障 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 弓中卜廿十 (NLYTJ), four-corner 7024$_6$, composition ⿰阝章)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1359, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41821
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4155, character 3
* Unihan data for U+969C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 障
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 章 | *kjaŋ |
| 樟 | *kjaŋ |
| 彰 | *kjaŋ |
| 漳 | *kjaŋ |
| 鄣 | *kjaŋ |
| 璋 | *kjaŋ |
| 嫜 | *kjaŋ |
| 獐 | *kjaŋ |
| 慞 | *kjaŋ |
| 墇 | *kjaŋ, *kjaŋs |
| 障 | *kjaŋ, *kjaŋs |
| 麞 | *kjaŋ |
| 蔁 | *kjaŋ |
| 暲 | *kjaŋ |
| 嶂 | *kjaŋs |
| 瘴 | *kjaŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kjaŋ, *kjaŋs) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 章 (OC *kjaŋ).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhàng (zhang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chong
    (Hailu, HRS): zhong$^ˇ$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiòng / chiàng / chiong
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziang$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhàng
*** Wade–Giles: chang$^4$
*** Yale: jàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: janq
*** Palladius: чжан (čžan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zoeng$^3$
*** Yale: jeung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zêng$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sœːŋ³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chong
*** Hakka Romanization System: zong
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: zhong$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃoŋ¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng
*** Tâi-lô: tsiòng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: cioxng
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡siɔŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɔŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔŋ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàng
*** Tâi-lô: tsiàng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciaxng
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siaŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /t͡siaŋ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiong
*** Tâi-lô: tsiong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciofng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴/
* chiòng/chiàng - literary;
* chiong - vernacular (俗).
* Middle Chinese: tsyang, tsyangH
Rime :
| Character | 障 | 障 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 諸良切 | 之亮切 |
| Baxter | tsyang | tsyangH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨɐŋ/ | /t͡ɕɨɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɐŋ/ | /t͡ɕiɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiɑŋ/ | /t͡ɕiɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cɨaŋ/ | /cɨaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiaŋ/ | /t͡ɕiaŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭaŋ/ | /t͡ɕĭaŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯aŋ/ | /t͡ɕi̯aŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhāng | zhàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zoeng$^1$ | zoeng$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kjaŋ/, /*kjaŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 障 | 障 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 16827 | 16831 |
| Phonetic component | 章 | 章 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 章 | 障 |
| Old Chinese | /*kjaŋ/ | /*kjaŋs/ |

### Definitions

障
* to block; to separate; to cut off
* to obstruct; to shield; to barricade
* obstacle; barrier; impediment

### Compounds

* 三障
* 二障
* 亭障
* 保障 (bǎozhàng)
* 內障／内障 (nèizhàng)
* 凝血障礙／凝血障碍
* 孽障 (nièzhàng)
* 孽障種子／孽障种子
* 屏障 (píngzhàng)
* 惡障／恶障
* 意識障礙／意识障碍
* 扳障
* 故障 (gùzhàng)
* 智障 (zhìzhàng)
* 板障 (bǎnzhàng)
* 業障／业障 (yèzhàng)
* 步障
* 殘障／残障 (cánzhàng)
* 災障／灾障
* 煙燄障天／烟焰障天
* 熱障／热障
* 理障
* 發音障礙／发音障碍 (fāyīn zhàng'ài)
* 白內障／白内障 (báinèizhàng)
* 綠內障／绿内障 (lǜnèizhàng)
* 纏障／缠障
* 罪障
* 聽力障礙／听力障碍
* 聽障／听障 (tīngzhàng)
* 肢體殘障／肢体残障
* 行障
* 路障 (lùzhàng)
* 身心障礙／身心障碍 (shēnxīn zhàng'ài)
* 障塞
* 障子
* 障泥
* 障眼法
* 障礙／障碍 (zhàng'ài)
* 障礙物／障碍物 (zhàng'àiwù)
* 障礙賽跑／障碍赛跑
* 障翳
* 障蔽 (zhàngbì)
* 青紗障／青纱障
* 音障
* 風障／风障
* 魔障 (mózhàng)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
* damage, harm, hinder

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)
* Kun: さわる (sawaru, 障る, Jōyō)、へだてる (hedateru, 障てる)、ふせぐ (fusegu, 障ぐ)

## Korean
### Hanja

障 (eumhun 막을 장 (mageul jang))
* hanja form of 장 (“block”)

#### Compounds

* 장애 (障礙, jang'ae, “obstacle; barrier; hurdle”)
* 장벽 (障壁, jangbyeok, “a barrier, an obstruction”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

障: Hán Nôm readings: chướng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.