# ἀργός
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology 1

From an earlier ἀργρός (argrós), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂rǵ-ró-s, from *h₂erǵ- (“white”). Cognates include Ancient Greek ἄργυρος (árguros, “silver”), Latin arguō (“to make clear”), Sanskrit अर्जुन (árjuna, “white, clear”) and Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥ǵn̥tóm (“silver”), whence Latin argentum, Old Irish argat, Welsh arian, रजत (rajatá), Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬙𐬀 (ər$^ə$zata), Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎭𐎫 (ardata) and Old Armenian արծաթ (arcatʻ), and possibly Proto-Brythonic *ėrɣ (“snow”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ar.ɡós/ → /arˈɣos/ → /arˈɣos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ar.ɡós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /arˈɡos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /arˈɣos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /arˈɣos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /arˈɣos/

#### Adjective

ᾰ̓ργός • (argós) m (feminine ᾰ̓ργή, neuter ᾰ̓ργόν); first/second declension
* shining, glistening, white, bright
* swift (because all swift motion causes a kind of glancing or flickering light) (of dogs)
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

##### Derived terms

* Ᾰ̓ργαῖος (Argaîos)
* ᾰ̓ργεννός (argennós)
* ᾰ̓́ργῐλλος (árgillos)
* ᾰ̓ργῐόδους (argiódous)
* Ᾰ̓ργός (Argós)
* ᾰ̓ργῠ́ρεος (argúreos)
* ᾰ̓ργῠ́ρῐον (argúrion)
* ᾰ̓́ργῠρος (árguros)
* Ᾰ̓ργώ (Argṓ)
* ἐνᾰργής (enargḗs)
* πελᾰργός (pelargós)
* πῡ́γᾰργος (pū́gargos)

### Etymology 2

Contracted form of ᾰ̓εργός (aergós), from ᾰ̓- (a-, “not, a-”) +‎ ἔργον (érgon, “a work”) +‎ -ός (-ós, adjectival suffix), and hence has a long ᾱ (ā).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /aːr.ɡós/ → /arˈɣos/ → /arˈɣos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /aːr.ɡós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /arˈɡos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /arˈɣos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /arˈɣos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /arˈɣos/

#### Adjective

ᾱ̓ργός • (ārgós) m (feminine ᾱ̓ργή, neuter ᾱ̓ργόν); first/second declension
* not working the ground; idle, lazy, slow
    Antonym: ἐργᾰ́τῐς (ergátis)
** lying idle, yielding no return (of money)
    Antonym: ἐνεργός (energós)
** lying fallow, fruitless (of land)
* (passive voice):
** unwrought, unpolished, not done, left undone
** unattempted
* This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

##### Derived terms

* λήθᾱργος (lḗthārgos)

##### Descendants

* Greek: αργός (argós)

### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀργός 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 126
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀργός 2”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 126

### Further reading

* “ἀργός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press (first sense)
* “ἀργός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press (second sense)
* “ἀργός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ἀργός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ἀργός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ἀργός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* ἀργός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
* G692 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. apathetic idem, page 33.dormant idem, page 247.fallow idem, page 304.idle idem, page 413.inactive idem, page 427.indolent idem, page 434.inert idem, page 436.interest idem, page 450.lazy idem, page 481.leisure idem, page 485.lethargic idem, page 486.slack idem, page 782.slothful idem, page 785.supine idem, page 840.unaccomplished idem, page 906.unconsummated idem, page 911.uncultivated idem, page 911.undone idem, page 915.unemployed idem, page 916.unfulfilled idem, page 919.unlaboured idem, page 923.unoccupied idem, page 926.unperformed idem, page 927.unploughed idem, page 927.unproductive idem, page 928.untilled idem, page 934.untouched idem, page 935.