# 馱

| 馱 | U+99B1, &#39345; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-99B1 |
| ← 馰 [U+99B0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 馲 → [U+99B2] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 駄 |
| Simplified | 驮 |
| Traditional | 馱 |

### Han character

馱 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+3, 12 strokes, cangjie input 尸火大 (SFK), four-corner 7433$_0$, composition ⿰馬大)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1434, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44589
* Dae Jaweon: page 1958, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4541, character 5
* Unihan data for U+99B1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 馱 | *daːl, *daːds |
| 大 | *daːds, *daːds |
| 忕 | *tʰaːds, *daːds, *djads |
| 太 | *tʰaːds |
| 汰 | *tʰaːds |
| 汏 | *daːds, *tʰaːd |
| 軑 | *daːds, *deːds |
| 釱 | *daːds, *deːds |
| 达 | *tʰeːds |
| 杕 | *deːds |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːl, *daːds) : semantic 馬 + phonetic 大 (OC *daːds, *daːds).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tuó (tuo$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): to$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tô / tô͘ / tôa
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$du
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuó
*** Wade–Giles: tʻo$^2$
*** Yale: twó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: two
*** Palladius: то (to)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: to$^4$
*** Yale: tòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: to$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɔː²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô
*** Tâi-lô: tô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dooi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /to¹³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /to²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ²³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô͘
*** Tâi-lô: tôo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doo
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tôa
*** Tâi-lô: tuâ
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doaa
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tua²⁴/
* tôa - vernacular;
* tô/tô͘ - literary.
* Middle Chinese: da
Rime :
| Character | 馱 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒河切 |
| Baxter | da |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /da/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tuó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | to$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*daːl/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 馱 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 1933 |
| Phonetic component | 大 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 駝 |
| Old Chinese | /*daːl/ |

#### Definitions

馱
* to carry on the back (especially by a pack animal)

##### Synonyms

* 背 (bēi)

#### Compounds

* 下馱／下驮 (xiàtuó)
* 佛馱／佛驮 (Fótuó)
* 韋馱／韦驮 (Wéituó)
* 馱仔／驮仔
* 馱子／驮子 (duòzi)
* 馱水棍／驮水棍
* 馱轎／驮轿
* 馱運／驮运
* 馱馬／驮马
* 騾馱轎／骡驮轿

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): duò (duo$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄛˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): do$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tōa / tō / tō͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: duò
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: duò
*** Wade–Giles: to$^4$
*** Yale: dwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duoh
*** Palladius: до (do)
*** Sinological IPA : /tu̯ɔ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: do$^6$
*** Yale: doh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: do$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: do$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōa
*** Tâi-lô: tuā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doa
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tua²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō
*** Tâi-lô: tō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: doi
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /to²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō͘
*** Tâi-lô: tōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: do
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁴¹/
* tōa - vernacular;
* tō/tō͘ - literary.
* Middle Chinese: daH
Rime :
| Character | 馱 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 唐佐切 |
| Baxter | daH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /da$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /dʱɑ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | duò |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | do$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*daːds/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 馱 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 1935 |
| Phonetic component | 大 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 䭾 |
| Old Chinese | /*daːds/ |
| Notes | 原右誤犬集韻不誤 |

#### Definitions

馱
* load carried by a pack animal

#### Compounds

* 馱子／驮子 (duòzi)
* 馱架／驮架
* 騾馱子／骡驮子

### References

* “馱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 駄)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: だ (da)、だい (dai)
* Kan-on: た (ta)、たい (tai)
* Kun: のせる (noseru, 馱せる)

## Korean
### Hanja

馱 (eum 타 (ta))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

馱: Hán Nôm readings: đà, thồ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.