# 禮拜
## Chinese

* 禮拜 (Written Standard Chinese)
* lî-pai (Hakka)
* lā̤-bái (Eastern Min)
* lé-pài (Southern Min)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): lǐbài
       (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˇ ㄅㄞˋ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): либэ (libe, II-III)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lai$^5$ baai$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): li$^3$ bai$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): lî-pai
    (Hailu, HRS): li$^ˋ$ bai$^ˇ$
* Jin (Wiktionary): li$^2$ bai$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): lǐ-ba̿i
* Eastern Min (BUC): lā̤-bái
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lé-pài
    (Teochew, Peng'im): loi$^2$ bai$^3$ / li$^2$ bai$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$li-pa$_5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǐbài
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˇ ㄅㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǐbài
*** Wade–Giles: li$^3$-pai$^4$
*** Yale: lǐ-bài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liibay
*** Palladius: либай (libaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /li²¹⁴⁻²¹ paɪ̯⁵¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: либэ (libe, II-III)
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵¹ pɛ⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lai$^5$ baai$^3$
*** Yale: láih baai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lai$^5$ baai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lei$^5$ bai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɐi̯¹³ paːi̯³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: li$^3$ bai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /li²¹³⁻¹³ pai³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lî-pai
*** Hakka Romanization System: li$^ˊ$ bai
*** Hagfa Pinyim: li$^1$ bai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /li²⁴⁻¹¹ pai̯⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: li$^ˋ$ bai$^ˇ$
*** Sinological IPA: /li⁵³ pai¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: li$^2$ bai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /li⁵³ pai⁴⁵/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lǐ-ba̿i
*** Sinological IPA : /li²¹ pai³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lā̤-bái
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ɛ³³⁻⁵⁵ $^{(p-)}$βɑi²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Yongchun, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lé-pài
*** Tâi-lô: lé-pài
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lefpaix
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /le⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yongchun): /le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /le⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai¹¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /le⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pai⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: loi$^2$ bai$^3$ / li$^2$ bai$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lói pài / lí pài
*** Sinological IPA : /loi⁵²⁻³⁵ pai²¹³/, /li⁵²⁻³⁵ pai²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$li-pa$_5$
*** MiniDict: li$^去$ pa$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$li-pa$_2$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /li²² pa⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: lejX peajH
Rime :
| Character | 禮 | 拜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 齊 (39) | 皆 (33) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | II |
| Fanqie | 盧啓切 | 博怪切 |
| Baxter | lejX | peajH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lei$^X$/ | /pˠɛi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lei$^X$/ | /pᵚæi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /lɛi$^X$/ | /pɐi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lɛj$^X$/ | /pəɨj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /lei$^X$/ | /pɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /liei$^X$/ | /pɐi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /liei$^X$/ | /păi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lǐ | bài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lai$^5$ | baai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤijʔ C.pˤro[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*riːʔ proːds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 禮 | 拜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lǐ | bài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ lej$^X$ › | ‹ pɛj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]ˁijʔ/ | /*C.pˁro[t]-s/ |
| English | propriety, ceremony | bow, bend (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 禮 | 拜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7839 | 222 |
| Phonetic component | 豊 | 拜 |
| Rime group | 脂 | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 禮 | 𢷎 |
| Old Chinese | /*riːʔ/ | /*proːds/ |

### Noun

禮拜
* (religion) service; prayer; salat
* (colloquial, regional) week (Classifier: 個／个 m c)
       Shànglǐbài wǒ zài nà jiā diàn mǎi le yī jiàn xīn wàitào. [Pinyin]
       I got a new coat in that store last week.
* day of the week (when used with a number, 日 or 天)
    禮拜一／礼拜一 ― lǐbàiyī ― Monday
* (colloquial, regional) Sunday; day off

#### Synonyms

* (salat): (Yinchuan Mandarin) 拜功, 乃瑪孜／乃玛孜
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 星期, 週 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 禮拜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 禮拜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 星期 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 星期 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 星期 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 期, 星期 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 星期 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 禮拜 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 禮拜 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 禮拜 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 星期 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 禮拜 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 禮拜 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 星期 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 禮拜 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 禮拜 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 禮拜 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 禮拜 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 禮拜 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 禮拜 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Wu | Danyang | 禮拜 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 禮拜, 星期 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 禮拜 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 禮拜 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 星期 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 禮拜 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 星期日, 星期天, 週日, 週天 regional |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 星期天兒, 禮拜天兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 星期天, 禮拜天, 星期日, 禮拜日 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 星期天, 禮拜日, 禮拜天, 禮拜 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 拜日 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 禮拜天, 禮拜, 星期天, 星期日 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 禮拜天, 禮拜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 星期, 星期天, 禮拜, 禮拜天 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 星期, 禮拜 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 禮拜天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 星期日, 星期 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 星期 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 禮拜天, 星期天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 星期天, 星期, 禮拜天, 禮拜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 星期日, 星期天, 星期 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 星期天, 星期, 禮拜天, 禮拜 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 星期日, 禮拜天, 葉克閃白 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 星期天, 星期日, 禮拜天, 禮拜日, 星期 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 星期天, 星期, 禮拜天, 禮拜 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 禮拜天, 星期天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 星期天, 禮拜天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 星期日, 星期天, 禮拜日, 禮拜天, 星期, 禮拜 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 禮拜天, 星期天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 禮拜天, 星期 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 星期天, 禮拜天, 禮拜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 禮拜天, 禮拜, 星期天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 禮拜天, 星期天 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 禮拜, 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 禮拜, 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 星期日 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 星期日 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 禮拜, 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 禮拜 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 禮拜日 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 禮拜 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 禮拜日, 禮拜日子, 禮拜 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 禮拜日 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 禮拜日子, 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 星期日 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 禮拜日 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) | 星期日 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 禮拜日 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 星期日 |
| Hakka | Nanjing (Meilin) | 星期日 |
| Hakka | Nanjing (Tianluokeng, Shuyang) | 星期日 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | 禮拜日 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 禮拜日, 禮拜, 日曜 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 禮拜, 禮拜日 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 禮拜日, 日曜 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 禮拜, 禮拜日, 日曜 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 拜日 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 禮拜日 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 禮拜天, 星期天, 禮拜 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 星期下, 禮拜下 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 禮拜下 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 禮拜工, 星期日, 禮拜日 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 禮拜日, 禮拜, 拜日 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 禮拜日 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 禮拜日, 禮拜, 星期日 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 禮拜日, 禮拜, 拜日 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 禮拜, 拜日, 禮拜日 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 星期日, 禮拜日 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 禮拜日 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 禮拜日 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 禮拜日 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 禮拜日 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 拜日 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 禮拜, 星期日 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 星期日 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 禮拜 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 禮拜 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 禮拜 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 禮拜天, 禮拜日, 星期天 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 禮拜日 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 禮拜日 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 禮拜日, 禮拜, 星期日 |
| Wu | Danyang | 禮拜天, 禮拜, 星期天 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 禮拜天, 禮拜, 星期天 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 禮拜, 禮拜日 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 星期天 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 星期天, 禮拜日, 星期日 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 禮拜日, 禮拜 |

#### Derived terms

* 下禮拜／下礼拜 (xiàlǐbài)
* 上禮拜／上礼拜 (shànglǐbài)
* 做禮拜／做礼拜
* 大禮拜／大礼拜 (dàlǐbài)
* 小禮拜／小礼拜 (xiǎolǐbài)
* 廠禮拜／厂礼拜 (chǎnglǐbài)
* 禮拜一／礼拜一 (lǐbàiyī)
* 禮拜三／礼拜三 (lǐbàisān)
* 禮拜二／礼拜二 (lǐbài'èr)
* 禮拜五／礼拜五 (lǐbàiwǔ)
* 禮拜儀式／礼拜仪式 (lǐbài yíshì)
* 禮拜兩／礼拜两
* 禮拜六／礼拜六 (lǐbàiliù)
* 禮拜四／礼拜四 (lǐbàisì)
* 禮拜堂／礼拜堂 (lǐbàitáng)
* 禮拜天／礼拜天 (lǐbàitiān)
* 禮拜寺／礼拜寺 (lǐbàisì)
* 禮拜尾／礼拜尾
* 禮拜工／礼拜工
* 禮拜日／礼拜日 (lǐbàirì)

### Verb

禮拜
* (transitive) to worship
    禮拜神佛／礼拜神佛 ― lǐbài shénfó ― to worship deities

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 礼拝(れいはい) (reihai); 礼拝(らいはい) (raihai)
* → Korean: 례배(禮拜) (ryebae), 예배(禮拜) (yebae)
* → Vietnamese: lễ bái (禮拜)
Others:
* Zhuang: lijbai

### Further reading

* “Entry #12531”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 禮 | 拜 |
| れい Jinmeiyō | はい Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi ||
Kanji in this term :
| 禮 | 拜 |
| らい Jinmeiyō | はい Jinmeiyō |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 禮拜 – see the following entry. :
| 【礼拝らいはい】 | [noun] (Buddhism) divine worship, religious service [verb] (Buddhism) to worship |
| 【礼拝れいはい】 | [noun] (Christianity) divine worship, religious service [verb] (Christianity) to worship |
(This term, 禮拜, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 禮 | 拜 |

### Noun

禮拜 • (yebae) (hangeul 예배)
* hanja form of 예배 (“divine worship, religious service”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 禮 | 拜 |

### Verb

禮拜
* chữ Hán form of lễ bái (“to worship”).