# کنار
## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (knʾl /⁠kanār⁠/, “side, edge”), from a metathesis of کران (karân, “border, edge”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ka.ˈnɑːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰä.nɑ́ːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰä.nɑ́ːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [kʰä.nɑ́ːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [kʰä.nɔ́ːɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [kʰʲe.nɒ́ːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [kʰä.nɔ́ɾ]

#### Noun

کِنار • (kenâr)
* side
* edge; limit; boundary
    Synonyms: حد (hadd), کران (karân)
* shore, coast
    Synonym: ساحل (sâhel)
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume VI, verse 3881:علم دریاییست بی‌حد و کنار طالب علمست غواص بحارilm daryāyē-st bē-hadd u kanār tālib-i ilm ast ğawwās-i bihārKnowledge is an ocean without bounds or shore: the seeker of knowledge is the diver in [those] seas.
* (poetic) embrace, hug; (metonymically) chest, bosom
    Synonym: آغوش (âğuš)
    بوس و کنار ― bus o kenâr ― kissing and embracing
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 93:دست بگشاد و کنارانش گرفت همچو عشق اندر دل و جانش گرفتdast bugšād u kinārān-aš girift hamčō išq andar dil u jān-aš giriftHe opened his hands and clasped him to his breast and received him, like love, into his heart and soul.

##### Derived terms

* کناره (kenâre)

##### Descendants

* → Bengali: কিনার (kinār)
* → Gujarati: કિનાર (kinār)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: किनार (kinār)
    Urdu: كنار (kinār)
* → Kazakh: қанар (qanar)
** → Russian: кана́р (kanár)
* → Old Anatolian Turkish: كنار (känar)
** Azerbaijani: kənar
** Ottoman Turkish: كنار (kenar)
*** Turkish: kenar
*** → Arabic: كَنَار (kanār, “a border in architecture”)
*** → Bulgarian: кена́р (kenár, “a kind of lace; border, end”)
*** → Macedonian: ќенар (ḱenar, “a kind of lace”)
*** → Romanian: chenar
*** → Serbo-Croatian: (“a kind of lace; border, end”)
    Cyrillic script: ћѐна̄р
    Latin script: ćènār
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਕਿਨਾਰ (kinār)
    Shahmukhi script: كنار (kinār)
* → Uzbek: qanor
** → Russian: кана́р (kanár)

#### Preposition

Picture dictionary :
کنار
فوق
زیر
در
جلوی
پشت
روی
کنار
میان :
کِنارِ • (kenâr-e)
* next to, besides
    آیا می‌توانیم کنار پنجره بنشینیم؟ (literary)âyâ mi-tavânim kenâr-e panjere be-nešinim?Can we sit next to the window?
    می‌شه کنار پنجره بشینیم؟ (colloquial)mi-še kenâr-e panjere be-šinim?Can we sit next to the window?

#### Adverb

کِنار • (kenâr)
* aside

#### References

* ↑ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 287
* ↑ Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 424

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kunār). Compare Classical Syriac ܟܢܪܐ (kənārā), Old Armenian քնարուկ (kʻnaruk), Late Koine Greek κόνναρος (kónnaros), Iranian borrowings. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

#### Noun

کنار • (konâr)
* Ziziphus, especially of species Ziziphus spina-christi

#### References

* Monchi-Zadeh, Davoud (1990) Wörter aus Xurāsān und ihre Herkunft (Acta Iranica; 29)‎ (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 19–20 fn. 17