# 赤道
## Chinese

* 赤道

### Etymology
#### “celestial equator”

    From the convention in Chinese astronomy to use a red line for the equator. See also 黃道／黄道 (huángdào) and 白道 (báidào).

#### “equator”

    New meaning by Matteo Ricci. (Huang, 2003)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chìdào
    (Zhuyin): ㄔˋ ㄉㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cek$^3$ dou$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhak-tho
    (Hailu, HRS): chag to$^˖$
* Eastern Min (BUC): chék-dô̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhiah-tō / chhiah-tǒ͘ / chhek-tō / chhiak-tǒ͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ciah$^4$ dao$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$tshaq-dau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chìdào
*** Zhuyin: ㄔˋ ㄉㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chìhdào
*** Wade–Giles: chʻih$^4$-tao$^4$
*** Yale: chr̀-dàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyhdaw
*** Palladius: чидао (čidao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cek$^3$ dou$^6$
*** Yale: chek douh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsek$^8$ dou$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cég$^3$ dou$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɛːk̚³ tou̯²²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$尺度 赤道
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhak-tho
*** Hakka Romanization System: cag$^ˋ$ to
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cag$^5$ to$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰak̚² tʰo⁵⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: chag to$^˖$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰak⁵⁻² tʰo³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chék-dô̤
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tɔ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiah-tō
*** Tâi-lô: tshiah-tō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiahdoi
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tɤ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ to²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ to³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiah-tǒ͘
*** Tâi-lô: tshiah-tǒo
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰia(ʔ)⁵ tɔ²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek-tō
*** Tâi-lô: tshik-tō
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhekdoi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ to²²/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ to²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak-tǒ͘
*** Tâi-lô: tshiak-tǒo
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tɔ²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ciah$^4$ dao$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiah tău
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiaʔ²⁻⁴ tau³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$tshaq-dau
*** MiniDict: tshah$^入$ dau
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$tshaq-dau
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰaʔ³³ dɔ⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tsyhek dawX
Rime :
| Character | 赤 | 道 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 昔 (123) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 昌石切 | 徒晧切 |
| Baxter | tsyhek | dawX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕʰiæk̚/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cʰiajk̚/ | /daw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕʰĭɛk̚/ | /dɑu$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛk̚/ | /dʱɑu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chi | dào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cik$^1$ | dou$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[t-qʰ](r)Ak [kə.l]ˤuʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰljaɡ l'uːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 赤 | 道 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chì | dào |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyhek › | ‹ daw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[t-qʰ](r)Ak/ | /*[kə.l]ˁuʔ/ |
| English | red | way |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 赤 | 道 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1477 | 11669 |
| Phonetic component | 赤 | 首 |
| Rime group | 鐸 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 尺 | 道 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰljaɡ/ | /*l'uːʔ/ |

### Noun

赤道
* (astronomy) celestial equator
* (geography) equator

#### Derived terms

* 北赤道海流
* 赤道儀／赤道仪
* 赤道幾內亞／赤道几内亚
* 赤道幾內亞共和國／赤道几内亚共和国
* 赤道洋流
* 赤道無風帶／赤道无风带
* 赤道群島／赤道群岛
* 赤道雨林
* 赤道雨林氣候／赤道雨林气候
* 赤道非洲
* 赤道面

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 赤道(せきどう) (sekidō)
* → Korean: 적도(赤道) (jeokdo)
* → Vietnamese: xích đạo (赤道)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 赤 | 道 |
| せき Grade: 1 | どう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

    From Literary Chinese.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) せきどー [sèkídóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [se̞kʲido̞ː]

### Noun

赤(せき)道(どう) • (sekidō)
* (geography) equator

#### Coordinate terms

* 北極線(ほっきょくせん) (Hokkyokusen)
* 北(きた)回(かい)帰(き)線(せん) (Kitakaikisen)
* 南回帰線(みなみかいきせん) (Minamikaikisen)
* 南極線(なんきょくせん) (Nankyokusen)

#### Derived terms

* 天(てん)の赤(せき)道(どう) (tennosekidō, “celestial equator”)

#### Related terms

* 黄道(こうどう) (kōdō)
* 緯線(いせん) (isen)
* 経線(けいせん) (keisen)
* 子午線(しごせん) (shigosen)
* 回帰線(かいきせん) (kaikisen)
* 熱(ねっ)帯(たい) (nettai)

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 赤 | 道 |

### Noun

赤道 • (jeokdo) (hangeul 적도)
* hanja form of 적도 (“equator”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 赤 | 道 |

### Noun

赤道
* chữ Hán form of xích đạo (“equator”).