OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Leucetta
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Leucetta f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Leucettidae – certain sponges.
# gwasael
## Welsh
### Alternative forms

* gwasel

### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle English wassaill.

### Noun

gwasael m or f (plural gwaseiliau)
* revelry, carousing (especially at Yuletide)
    Synonym: cyfeddach
* wassail (beverage)
    Synonym: gwirod

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gwasael”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
# boot camp
## English
### Etymology

From boot in the US military slang sense of “new recruit” + camp.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

boot camp (plural boot camps)
* (chiefly Canada, US, colloquial) Initial, basic indoctrination, physical fitness training and basic instruction in service-related subjects for new recruits in the armed forces (army, Air Force, navy and Marine Corps).
* (chiefly Canada, US) A short, intensive, quasi-military program generally aimed at young offenders as an alternative to a jail term.
* (chiefly Canada, US, idiomatic) Any short, often intensive course of training.
    We will institute a boot camp for training the sales force in these new products.

#### Synonyms

* basic training
# dead stops
## English
### Noun

dead stops
* plural of dead stop
# Lingulella
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Lingulella f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Obolidae – certain phosphatic-shelled brachiopods.
# bâz
## Khalaj

| Perso-Arabic | Perso-Arabic | باز |

### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian باز (bâz).

### Pronunciation

* (Xarrâbî) IPA: [bɒːz]

### Noun

bâz (definite accusative bâzı, plural bâzlar)
* falcon
* hawk

#### Declension
### References

* Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó

## Romanian
### Alternative forms

* bîz — 1953–1993 spelling

### Etymology

Onomatopoeic.

### Interjection

bâz
* buzz (sound made by some insects’ flight)
# Lithothelium
## Translingual

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!

### Etymology

From litho- (“stone”) +‎ New Latin thelium (“papilla”).

### Proper noun

Lithothelium n
* A taxonomic genus within the family Pyrenulaceae – certain fungi.

#### Hypernyms

* (genus): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Fungi – kingdom; Dikarya – subkingdom; Ascomycota – phylum; Pezizomycotina – subphylum; Eurotiomycetes – class; Chaetothyriomycetidae – subclass Pyrenulales – order; Pyrenulaceae – family

#### Hyponyms

* (genus): Lithothelium cubanum – type species

### References

* Lithothelium on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Lithothelium on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Lithothelium on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# Litiopa
## Translingual
### Proper noun

Litiopa f
* A taxonomic genus within the family Litiopidae – certain sea snails.
# 心掛ける
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 心 | 掛 |
| こころ Grade: 2 | か > が Grade: S |
| kun'yomi ||

### Etymology

From 心 (kokoro, “attention, mind”) + 掛ける (kakeru, “latch onto”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こころがける [kòkórógákéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [5])
* IPA: [ko̞ko̞ɾo̞ɡa̠ke̞ɾɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「心掛ける」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 心掛ける | こころがける | [kòkórógákéꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 心掛けろ | こころがけろ | [kòkórógákéꜜrò] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 心掛けられる | こころがけられる | [kòkórógákéráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 心掛けさせる | こころがけさせる | [kòkórógákésáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 心掛けられる | こころがけられる | [kòkórógákéráréꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 心掛けよう | こころがけよー | [kòkórógákéyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 心掛けない | こころがけない | [kòkórógákéꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 心掛けなかった | こころがけなかった | [kòkórógákéꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 心掛けます | こころがけます | [kòkórógákémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 心掛けた | こころがけた | [kòkórógáꜜkètà] |
| Conjunctive | 心掛けて | こころがけて | [kòkórógáꜜkètè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 心掛ければ | こころがければ | [kòkórógákéꜜrèbà] |

### Verb

心(こころ)掛(が)ける • (kokorogakeru) transitive ichidan (stem 心(こころ)掛(が)け (kokorogake), past 心(こころ)掛(が)けた (kokorogaketa))
* bear in mind
* try, endeavor, intend

#### Usage notes

* 掛ける (kakeru) is a Japanese verb usually meaning "set" or "hang." When used as a verbal suffix, it emphasizes the use of what it is modifying. An equivalent English phrase might be "put one's heart into it."

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 心掛け | こころがけ | kokorogake |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 心掛け | こころがけ | kokorogake |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 心掛ける | こころがける | kokorogakeru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 心掛ける | こころがける | kokorogakeru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 心掛けれ | こころがけれ | kokorogakere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 心掛けよ¹ 心掛けろ² | こころがけよ¹ こころがけろ² | kokorogakeyo¹ kokorogakero² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 心掛けられる | こころがけられる | kokorogakerareru |
| Causative | 心掛けさせる 心掛けさす | こころがけさせる こころがけさす | kokorogakesaseru kokorogakesasu |
| Potential | 心掛けられる 心掛けれる³ | こころがけられる こころがけれる³ | kokorogakerareru kokorogakereru³ |
| Volitional | 心掛けよう | こころがけよう | kokorogakeyō |
| Negative | 心掛けない 心掛けぬ 心掛けん | こころがけない こころがけぬ こころがけん | kokorogakenai kokorogakenu kokorogaken |
| Negative continuative | 心掛けず | こころがけず | kokorogakezu |
| Formal | 心掛けます | こころがけます | kokorogakemasu |
| Perfective | 心掛けた | こころがけた | kokorogaketa |
| Conjunctive | 心掛けて | こころがけて | kokorogakete |
| Hypothetical conditional | 心掛ければ | こころがければ | kokorogakereba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential ||||

#### Derived terms

* 心掛け (kokorogake): mental attitude, attention
# kláštor
## Slovak
### Etymology

Borrowed from Middle High German klōster, cf. German Kloster, from Vulgar Latin *clōstrum (“enclosed (area)”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈklaːʃtɔr]

### Noun

kláštor m inan (related adjective kláštorný or kláštorský)
* monastery, convent

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Králik, Ľubor (2016) “kláštor”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 266

### Further reading

* “kláštor”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# Պիլեզերյան
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* Պիլզերյան (Pilzeryan)

### Etymology

Likely from the dialectal variant of Ottoman Turkish برادر (birader) +‎ -յան (-yan), represented by dialectal Turkish bilezer (“brother, close friend”), and thus identical with the surnames Turkish Bilazer, Muslim Bulgarian Билезер (Bilezer), Билезеров (Bilezerov), Билядеров (Biljaderov). Typologically compare Armenian Ղարդաշյան (Ġardašyan).

### Pronunciation

* (Western Armenian) IPA: /bilezeˈɾjɑn/, [bilezeɾjɑ́n]

### Proper noun

Պիլեզերյան • (Pilezeryan) (traditional orthography spelling Պիլէզէրեան or Պիլեզէրեան or Պիլէզերեան or Պիլեզերեան)
* a surname

#### Declension

i-type, animate (Eastern Armenian) :
| | singular | plural |
| nominative | Պիլեզերյան (Pilezeryan) | Պիլեզերյաններ (Pilezeryanner) |
| dative | Պիլեզերյանի (Pilezeryani) | Պիլեզերյանների (Pilezeryanneri) |
| ablative | Պիլեզերյանից (Pilezeryanicʻ) | Պիլեզերյաններից (Pilezeryannericʻ) |
| instrumental | Պիլեզերյանով (Pilezeryanov) | Պիլեզերյաններով (Pilezeryannerov) |
| locative | — | — |
| | definite forms | definite forms |
| nominative | Պիլեզերյանը/Պիլեզերյանն (Pilezeryanə/Pilezeryann) | Պիլեզերյանները/Պիլեզերյաններն (Pilezeryannerə/Pilezeryannern) |
| dative | Պիլեզերյանին (Pilezeryanin) | Պիլեզերյաններին (Pilezeryannerin) |
| | 1st person possessive forms (my) | 1st person possessive forms (my) |
| nominative | Պիլեզերյանս (Pilezeryans) | Պիլեզերյաններս (Pilezeryanners) |
| dative | Պիլեզերյանիս (Pilezeryanis) | Պիլեզերյաններիս (Pilezeryanneris) |
| ablative | Պիլեզերյանիցս (Pilezeryanicʻs) | Պիլեզերյաններիցս (Pilezeryannericʻs) |
| instrumental | Պիլեզերյանովս (Pilezeryanovs) | Պիլեզերյաններովս (Pilezeryannerovs) |
| locative | — | — |
| | 2nd person possessive forms (your) | 2nd person possessive forms (your) |
| nominative | Պիլեզերյանդ (Pilezeryand) | Պիլեզերյաններդ (Pilezeryannerd) |
| dative | Պիլեզերյանիդ (Pilezeryanid) | Պիլեզերյաններիդ (Pilezeryannerid) |
| ablative | Պիլեզերյանիցդ (Pilezeryanicʻd) | Պիլեզերյաններիցդ (Pilezeryannericʻd) |
| instrumental | Պիլեզերյանովդ (Pilezeryanovd) | Պիլեզերյաններովդ (Pilezeryannerovd) |
| locative | — | — |

#### Descendants

* → English: Bilezerian
# 粘る
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 粘
* ねば Grade: S
* kun'yomi

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ねばる [nèbáꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [ne̞ba̠ɾɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「粘る」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 粘る | ねばる | [nèbáꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 粘れ | ねばれ | [nèbáꜜrè] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 粘られる | ねばられる | [nèbáráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 粘らせる | ねばらせる | [nèbáráséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 粘れる | ねばれる | [nèbáréꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 粘ろう | ねばろー | [nèbáróꜜò] |
| Negative | 粘らない | ねばらない | [nèbáráꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 粘らなかった | ねばらなかった | [nèbáráꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 粘ります | ねばります | [nèbárímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 粘った | ねばった | [nèbáꜜttà] |
| Conjunctive | 粘って | ねばって | [nèbáꜜttè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 粘れば | ねばれば | [nèbáꜜrèbà] |

### Verb

粘(ねば)る • (nebaru) intransitive godan (stem 粘(ねば)り (nebari), past 粘(ねば)った (nebatta))
* be sticky to the touch, be adhesive
* to persist, to stick to doing something, hold out, hang on

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 粘ら | ねばら | nebara |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 粘り | ねばり | nebari |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 粘る | ねばる | nebaru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 粘る | ねばる | nebaru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 粘れ | ねばれ | nebare |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 粘れ | ねばれ | nebare |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 粘られる | ねばられる | nebarareru |
| Causative | 粘らせる 粘らす | ねばらせる ねばらす | nebaraseru nebarasu |
| Potential | 粘れる | ねばれる | nebareru |
| Volitional | 粘ろう | ねばろう | nebarō |
| Negative | 粘らない | ねばらない | nebaranai |
| Negative continuative | 粘らず | ねばらず | nebarazu |
| Formal | 粘ります | ねばります | nebarimasu |
| Perfective | 粘った | ねばった | nebatta |
| Conjunctive | 粘って | ねばって | nebatte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 粘れば | ねばれば | nebareba |

#### Synonyms

* ねばねばする (nebaneba suru)
# ciocîrlan
## Romanian
### Noun

ciocîrlan m (plural ciocîrlani)
* Formerly standard spelling of ciocârlan which was introduced in 1953 and deprecated in 1993.
# thoracic ganglia
## English
### Noun

thoracic ganglia
* plural of thoracic ganglion
# ядерщик
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈjædʲɪrɕːɪk]

### Noun

я́дерщик • (jáderščik) m anim (genitive я́дерщика, nominative plural я́дерщики, genitive plural я́дерщиков)
* nuclear physicist
    Synonym: фи́зик-я́дерщик (fízik-jáderščik)
# كلاسط
## Tunisian Arabic
### Noun

كلاسط (klāseṭ) f
* plural of كلسيطة: socks
# Cöllen
## German
### Alternative forms

* Cölln (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkœln]
* Hyphenation: Cöl‧len

### Proper noun

Cöllen n (proper noun, genitive Cöllens or (optionally with an article) Cöllen)
* Obsolete spelling of Köln.

#### Declension

$^1$Optionally with an article.
# 敬う
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 敬
* うやま Grade: 6
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 礼う

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 恭しい?”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) うやまう [ùyámáꜜù] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [ɯ̟ja̠ma̠ɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「敬う」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 敬う | うやまう | [ùyámáꜜù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 敬え | うやまえ | [ùyámáꜜè] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 敬われる | うやまわれる | [ùyámáwáréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 敬わせる | うやまわせる | [ùyámáwáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 敬える | うやまえる | [ùyámáéꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 敬おう | うやまおー | [ùyámáóꜜò] |
| Negative | 敬わない | うやまわない | [ùyámáwáꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 敬わなかった | うやまわなかった | [ùyámáwáꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 敬います | うやまいます | [ùyámáímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 敬った | うやまった | [ùyámáꜜttà] |
| Conjunctive | 敬って | うやまって | [ùyámáꜜttè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 敬えば | うやまえば | [ùyámáꜜèbà] |

### Verb

敬(うやま)う • (uyamau) transitive godan (stem 敬(うやま)い (uyamai), past 敬(うやま)った (uyamatta))
* respect, honor, revere, venerate

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 敬わ | うやまわ | uyamawa |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 敬い | うやまい | uyamai |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 敬う | うやまう | uyamau |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 敬う | うやまう | uyamau |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 敬え | うやまえ | uyamae |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 敬え | うやまえ | uyamae |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 敬われる | うやまわれる | uyamawareru |
| Causative | 敬わせる 敬わす | うやまわせる うやまわす | uyamawaseru uyamawasu |
| Potential | 敬える | うやまえる | uyamaeru |
| Volitional | 敬おう | うやまおう | uyamaō |
| Negative | 敬わない | うやまわない | uyamawanai |
| Negative continuative | 敬わず | うやまわず | uyamawazu |
| Formal | 敬います | うやまいます | uyamaimasu |
| Perfective | 敬った | うやまった | uyamatta |
| Conjunctive | 敬って | うやまって | uyamatte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 敬えば | うやまえば | uyamaeba |

#### Synonyms

* 尊(とうと)ぶ (tōtobu)

#### Antonyms

* 蔑(さげす)む (sagesumu)
* 見下(みくだ)す (mikudasu)
# meshuga
## English
### Noun

meshuga (plural meshugas)
* Alternative form of meshugge
# mysig
## Swedish
### Etymology

Attested since 1762. Derived from mysa ("to smile (slightly) with contentedness/comfort").
In usage, identical to Norwegian Nynorsk koseleg, with no exact Danish equivalent.

### Pronunciation

* (Sweden) IPA: /ˈmyːˌsɪɡ/

### Adjective

mysig (comparative mysigare, superlative mysigast)
* cosy (affording comfort and warmth)
* pleasant, agreeable
* (archaic) Descriptive of smiling from contentedness or comfort.
** 1762, Olof Celsius the younger, Æneis, 27
    Dido .. / Som i en mysig famn straxt tager honom (dvs. gossen) opp..Dido [...] As in a cozy embrace soon picks him [the boy] up.
** 1774, Olof Celsius the younger, Gustaf Vasa, 13
    Hon .. /.. med en mysig mun sit mästarverk besåg.She beheld her masterpiece with a contentedly smiling mouth.

#### Related terms

* mys
* mysa

### References

* ↑ Svenska Akademiens ordbok, column M1746
# cirok
## Slovak
### Etymology

Borrowed from Hungarian cirok, which in turn was borrowed from either from a Southern Slavic language (cf. Slovene sírek or Serbo-Croatian sirak), ultimately from Latin (granum) Syricum (“Syrian grain”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡sirɔk]

### Noun

cirok m inan (related adjective cirokový)
* sorghum

#### Declension
### References

* ↑ Králik, Ľubor (2016) “cirok”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 95

### Further reading

* “cirok”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# 妨げる
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 妨
* さまた Grade: S
* kun'yomi

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) さまたげる [sàmátágéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [4])
* IPA: [sa̠ma̠ta̠ɡe̞ɾɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「妨げる」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 妨げる | さまたげる | [sàmátágéꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 妨げろ | さまたげろ | [sàmátágéꜜrò] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 妨げられる | さまたげられる | [sàmátágéráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 妨げさせる | さまたげさせる | [sàmátágésáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 妨げられる | さまたげられる | [sàmátágéráréꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 妨げよう | さまたげよー | [sàmátágéyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 妨げない | さまたげない | [sàmátágéꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 妨げなかった | さまたげなかった | [sàmátágéꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 妨げます | さまたげます | [sàmátágémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 妨げた | さまたげた | [sàmátáꜜgètà] |
| Conjunctive | 妨げて | さまたげて | [sàmátáꜜgètè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 妨げれば | さまたげれば | [sàmátágéꜜrèbà] |

### Verb

妨(さまた)げる • (samatageru) transitive ichidan (stem 妨(さまた)げ (samatage), past 妨(さまた)げた (samatageta))
* obstruct, prevent, hinder, disturb
    交通(こうつう)を妨(さまた)げる
       kōtsū o samatageru
       to obstruct traffic
    人(ひと)の勉強(べんきょう)を妨(さまた)げる
       hito no benkyō o samatageru
       to disturb someone from studying

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 妨げ | さまたげ | samatage |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 妨げ | さまたげ | samatage |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 妨げる | さまたげる | samatageru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 妨げる | さまたげる | samatageru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 妨げれ | さまたげれ | samatagere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 妨げよ¹ 妨げろ² | さまたげよ¹ さまたげろ² | samatageyo¹ samatagero² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 妨げられる | さまたげられる | samatagerareru |
| Causative | 妨げさせる 妨げさす | さまたげさせる さまたげさす | samatagesaseru samatagesasu |
| Potential | 妨げられる 妨げれる³ | さまたげられる さまたげれる³ | samatagerareru samatagereru³ |
| Volitional | 妨げよう | さまたげよう | samatageyō |
| Negative | 妨げない 妨げぬ 妨げん | さまたげない さまたげぬ さまたげん | samatagenai samatagenu samatagen |
| Negative continuative | 妨げず | さまたげず | samatagezu |
| Formal | 妨げます | さまたげます | samatagemasu |
| Perfective | 妨げた | さまたげた | samatageta |
| Conjunctive | 妨げて | さまたげて | samatagete |
| Hypothetical conditional | 妨げれば | さまたげれば | samatagereba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential ||||
# 釣る
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 釣
* つ Grade: S
* kun'yomi

### Etymology

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Man'yōshū of circa 759 CE. From Proto-Japonic *turu. Cognate with 吊る (tsuru, “to hang”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つる [tsùrú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡sɨɾɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「釣る」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 釣る | つる | [tsùrú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 釣れ | つれ | [tsùré] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 釣られる | つられる | [tsùrárérú] |
| Causative | 釣らせる | つらせる | [tsùrásérú] |
| Potential | 釣れる | つれる | [tsùrérú] |
| Volitional | 釣ろう | つろー | [tsùróꜜò] |
| Negative | 釣らない | つらない | [tsùránáí] |
| Negative perfective | 釣らなかった | つらなかった | [tsùránáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 釣ります | つります | [tsùrímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 釣った | つった | [tsùttá] |
| Conjunctive | 釣って | つって | [tsùtté] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 釣れば | つれば | [tsùréꜜbà] |

### Verb

釣(つ)る • (tsuru) transitive godan (stem 釣(つ)り (tsuri), past 釣(つ)った (tsutta))
* to fish, to angle

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 釣ら | つら | tsura |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 釣り | つり | tsuri |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 釣る | つる | tsuru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 釣る | つる | tsuru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 釣れ | つれ | tsure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 釣れ | つれ | tsure |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 釣られる | つられる | tsurareru |
| Causative | 釣らせる 釣らす | つらせる つらす | tsuraseru tsurasu |
| Potential | 釣れる | つれる | tsureru |
| Volitional | 釣ろう | つろう | tsurō |
| Negative | 釣らない | つらない | tsuranai |
| Negative continuative | 釣らず | つらず | tsurazu |
| Formal | 釣ります | つります | tsurimasu |
| Perfective | 釣った | つった | tsutta |
| Conjunctive | 釣って | つって | tsutte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 釣れば | つれば | tsureba |

### References

* ↑ “釣・吊”, in 日本国語大辞典‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* ↑ “釣”, in デジタル大辞泉‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
# 借りる
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 借
* か Grade: 4
* kun'yomi

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かりる [kàrírú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠ɾʲiɾɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「借りる」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 借りる | かりる | [kàrírú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 借りろ | かりろ | [kàríró] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 借りられる | かりられる | [kàrírárérú] |
| Causative | 借りさせる | かりさせる | [kàrísásérú] |
| Potential | 借りられる | かりられる | [kàrírárérú] |
| Volitional | 借りよう | かりよー | [kàríyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 借りない | かりない | [kàrínáí] |
| Negative perfective | 借りなかった | かりなかった | [kàrínáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 借ります | かります | [kàrímáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 借りた | かりた | [kàrítá] |
| Conjunctive | 借りて | かりて | [kàríté] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 借りれば | かりれば | [kàríréꜜbà] |

### Verb

借(か)りる • (kariru) transitive ichidan (stem 借(か)り (kari), past 借(か)りた (karita))
* to borrow
    借(か)りる時(とき)の地蔵(じぞう)顔(がお)、返(かえ)す時(とき)の閻魔(えんま)顔(がお)
       kariru toki no jizō gao, kaesu toki no enma gao
       "An angel face when borrowing; a devil face when repaying" - a proverb to mock someone's extreme attitude when borrowing and repaying money.
* to rent
    彼女(かのじょ)、お借(か)りします
       kanojo, o kari shimasu
       Rent-A-Girlfriend
* to owe

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 借り | かり | kari |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 借り | かり | kari |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 借りる | かりる | kariru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 借りる | かりる | kariru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 借りれ | かりれ | karire |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 借りよ¹ 借りろ² | かりよ¹ かりろ² | kariyo¹ kariro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 借りられる | かりられる | karirareru |
| Causative | 借りさせる 借りさす | かりさせる かりさす | karisaseru karisasu |
| Potential | 借りられる 借りれる³ | かりられる かりれる³ | karirareru karireru³ |
| Volitional | 借りよう | かりよう | kariyō |
| Negative | 借りない 借りぬ 借りん | かりない かりぬ かりん | karinai karinu karin |
| Negative continuative | 借りず | かりず | karizu |
| Formal | 借ります | かります | karimasu |
| Perfective | 借りた | かりた | karita |
| Conjunctive | 借りて | かりて | karite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 借りれば | かりれば | karireba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential ||||

#### Antonyms

* 貸(か)す (kasu)
# tabulate coral
## English
### Noun

tabulate coral (plural tabulate corals)
* (paleontology) Synonym of tabulate