# unto
## English
### Alternative forms

* vnto (obsolete)

### Etymology

Inherited from Middle English unto, from Old English *untō, *und tō, equivalent to un- (“against; toward; up to”) +‎ to. Cognate with Old Frisian ont to ("until"; > Saterland Frisian antou (“until”)) (cf. Old Frisian und (“up to; till”), Old Frisian til (“till; to”)), Old Saxon untō, untuo (“until”), Old High German unze, unzi, unza (“until”), Old Norse und (“as far as; up to”), Gothic 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 (untē, “until; as long as”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈʌntʊ/, /-tuː/, /-tə/
* (General American) IPA: /ˈʌntə/, /-tuː/, /-tʊ/
* Audio (General American):(file)
* Rhymes: -ʌntə
* Hyphenation: un‧to

### Conjunction

unto
* (obsolete, poetic) Up to the time or degree that; until.
    Unto This Last (John Ruskin)

#### Synonyms

* till; see also Thesaurus:until

### Preposition

unto (archaic or poetic)
* Up to; indicates a motion towards a thing and then stopping at it.
    Sir Gawain rode unto the nearby castle.
** 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:Come unto these yellow sands, And then take hands; Curtsied when you have, and kiss'd The wild waves whist, Foot it featly here and there, And sweet sprites bear The burthen. […]
* To; indicates an indirect object.
    And the Lord said unto Moses […]
** c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:So please my lord the duke and all the court To quit the fine for one half of his goods I am content; so he will let me have The other half in use, to render it, Upon his death, unto the gentleman That lately stole his daughter: Two things provided more,— […]
** 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:Again, whereas men affirm they perceive an addition of ponderosity in dead bodies, comparing them usually unto blocks and stones, whensoever they lift or carry them; this accessional preponderancy is rather in appearance than reality.
** 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXXIX, page 61:[…] And, doubtless, unto thee is given ⁠A life that bears immortal fruit ⁠In such great offices as suit The full-grown energies of heaven.
* Down to the last; encompassing even every.
** 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXI, page 36:⁠I do but sing because I must, And pipe but as the linnets sing: And unto one her note is gay, ⁠For now her little ones have ranged; ⁠And unto one her note is changed, Because her brood is stol’n away.

#### Derived terms

* do unto others
* do unto others as you would have them do unto you
* go in unto
* hereunto
* hitherunto
* law unto oneself
* like unto
* render unto Caesar
* sickness unto death
* sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof
* thereunto
* unto't
* unto the ages of ages
* unto time
* whereunto

#### Translations
### See also

* onto

### References

* “unto”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

### Anagrams

* nout, out'n

## Catalan
### Verb

unto
* first-person singular present indicative of untar

## Cebuano
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʔunto/ [ˈʔun̪.t̪o]

### Noun

únto (Badlit spelling ᜂᜈ᜔ᜆᜓ)
* (anatomy, zootomy) the incisors, especially the upper ones
    Coordinate terms: bag-ang, bangkil, tango

## Galician
### Etymology 1

14th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese unto, from Latin unctum (“ointment; savory dish”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈunto̝/

#### Noun

unto m (plural untos)
* (countable, uncountable) lard; delicate and tasty fat of the abdomen of the pig which is usually preserved salted and smoked, and used in the elaboration of caldo
    Synonym: enxunlla
    Miña nay ten unto vello dos porcos que ha de matar / tamen verzas na horta das coias que ha de prantar. (folk son)My mother has old lard of the pigs she'll kill / and also has cabbages in the garden, of the seeds she'll plant.
** 1439, X. Ferro Couselo, editor, A vida e a fala dos devanceiros. Escolma de documentos en galego dos séculos XIII ao XVI, Vigo: Galaxia, page 418:hordenaron que qual quer persona de fora parte que trouxer a vender a dita çera ou untos ou manteiga ou aseite, que page de cada libra de çera un diñeiro.they commanded that any foreigner that would bring and sell wax or lards or butter or oil, that he should pay a diñeiro for each pound

##### Derived terms

* untar

#### References

* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “untos”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “unto”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “unto”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “unto”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

unto
* first-person singular present indicative of untar

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈun.to/
* Rhymes: -unto
* Hyphenation: ùn‧to

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin ūnctus.

#### Participle

unto (feminine unta, masculine plural unti, feminine plural unte)
* past participle of ungere

#### Adjective

unto (feminine unta, masculine plural unti, feminine plural unte)
* greasy
    Synonyms: grasso, oleoso, untuoso

##### Derived terms

* untare

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin ūnctum.

#### Noun

unto m (plural unti)
* fat, grease
    Synonym: grasso
* flattery
    Synonym: lusinga
* the anointed

### Anagrams

* nuto

## Middle English
### Alternative forms

* vnto

### Preposition

unto
* unto
** 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:And I seide, “Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden of ful many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe. And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge. And herfore grete men of kunnynge and other also drowen myche to him, and comownede ofte with him. And thei sauouriden so his loore that thei wroten it bisili and enforsiden hem to rulen hem theraftir… Maister Ion Aston taughte and wroot acordingli and ful bisili, where and whanne and to whom he myghte, and he vsid it himsilf, I gesse, right perfyghtli vnto his lyues eende. Also Filip of Repintoun whilis he was a chanoun of Leycetre, Nycol Herforde, dane Geffrey of Pikeringe, monke of Biland and a maistir dyuynyte, and Ioon Purueye, and manye other whiche weren holden rightwise men and prudent, taughten and wroten bisili this forseide lore of Wiclef, and conformeden hem therto. And with alle these men I was ofte homli and I comownede with hem long tyme and fele, and so bifore alle othir men I chees wilfulli to be enformed bi hem and of hem, and speciali of Wiclef himsilf, as of the moost vertuous and goodlich wise man that I herde of owhere either knew. And herfore of Wicleef speciali and of these men I toke the lore whiche I haue taughte and purpose to lyue aftir, if God wole, to my lyues ende.”(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### Descendants

* English: unto

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈũ.tu/
* Hyphenation: un‧to

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese unto, from Latin ūnctum (“ointment”).
Cognate with Galician, Spanish, and Italian unto, Occitan onch and Romanian unt.

#### Noun

unto m (plural untos)
* lard
    Synonym: banha
* grease
    Synonyms: gordura, graxa
* unguent
    Synonym: unguento

##### Derived terms

* untuoso

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

unto
* first-person singular present indicative of untar

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈunto/ [ˈũn̪.t̪o]
* Audio (Colombia):(file)
* Rhymes: -unto
* Syllabification: un‧to

### Noun

unto m (plural untos)
* ointment
** 1915, Julio Vicuña Cifuentes, Mitos y Supersticiones Recogidos de la Tradición Oral Chilena, page 7:Los Brujos, embadurnándose con los untos que ellos fabrican y pronunciando palabras cabalísticas, se transforman en animales.Witches, smearing themselves with ointments that they make and uttering cabalistic words, transform themselves into animals.

### Verb

unto
* first-person singular present indicative of untar

### Further reading

* “unto”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), 23rd edition, Royal Spanish Academy, 2014 October 16