# πάτος
## Ancient Greek
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pá.tos/ → /ˈpa.tos/ → /ˈpa.tos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /pá.tos/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈpa.tos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈpa.tos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈpa.tos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈpa.tos/

### Etymology 1

Uncertain. Clearly related to πατέω (patéō, “I walk, tread”), but which gave rise to which is less clear. It could be an old zero-grade variant of πόντος (póntos, “sea”), and if so, πατέω (patéō) would be the derivative. In this case, the words derive from Proto-Indo-European *pent- (“to go, walk; way”); cognates thus include Sanskrit पन्था (pánthā), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬥𐬙𐬁 (pantā), Old Armenian հուն (hun), Proto-Germanic *paþaz, whence English path. However, Beekes and Chantraine express semantic doubts for the hypothetical sense development from "way, bath" (πάτος (pátos)) > "to tread" (πατέω (patéō)), as the latter appears to emphasize the individual movement of the legs; if these doubts are correct, then there is no other good etymology for the Greek terms.

#### Noun

πᾰ́τος • (pátos) m (genitive πᾰ́του); second declension
* trodden or beaten way, path
* step (movement of the foot), stepping, treading
* floor
* dirt, mud, dung

##### Inflection
### Etymology 2

Of uncertain origin. Has been connected with Proto-Indo-European *(s)penh₁- (“to weave, spin”) (whence πένομαι (pénomai, “to toil, exert”)), while other theories take the word as a back-formation of πατέω (patéō, “to tread”) (and thus the same as Etymology 1), thus "what is tread" > "long garment reaching to the feet, train". Neither is particularly convincing nor unconvincing.

#### Noun

πάτος • (pátos) n (genitive πᾰ́τους); third declension
* robe worn by Hera

##### Inflection
### References

* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πάτος 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1158
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πατέω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1157
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πάτος 3”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1158

### Further reading

* “πάτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πάτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “πάτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “πάτος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* πάτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* πάτος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* πάτος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften

## Greek
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek πάτος (pátos).

### Noun

πάτος • (pátos) m (plural πάτοι)
* bottom, base
** seabed, riverbed, lakebed
    Synonym: βυθός (vythós)
** of a bottle, container, etc
** buttocks
    Synonym: πισινός (pisinós)
** of boot or shoe, insole
    Synonym: πατούσα (patoúsa)
* (figuratively) bottom (of the class, test, etc)

#### Declension

| | singular | plural |
| nominative | πάτος • | πάτοι • |
| genitive | πάτου • | πάτων • |
| accusative | πάτο • | πάτους • |
| vocative | πάτε • | πάτοι • |

#### Related terms

* άπατα (ápata, “in deep, sunk”, adverb)
* πατώνω (patóno)
* πάτωμα n (pátoma, “floor”)