# speal
## English
### Noun

speal
* Only used in speal-bone (“shoulder bone”)

## Irish
### Etymology

From Middle Irish spelaid, said by DIL to be from Middle English pelen (“peel”), though the s- remains unexplained. The noun is derived from the verb.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sˠpʲal̪ˠ/, /sˠpʲalˠ/

### Verb

speal (present analytic spealann, future analytic spealfaidh, verbal noun spealadh, past participle spealta)
* to scythe, mow

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | spealaim | spealann tú; spealair$^†$ | spealann sé, sí | spealaimid | spealann sibh | spealann siad; spealaid$^†$ | a spealann; a spealas | spealtar |
| indicative | past | speal mé; spealas | speal tú; spealais | speal sé, sí | spealamar; speal muid | speal sibh; spealabhair | speal siad; spealadar | a speal / ar speal* | spealadh |
| indicative | past habitual | spealainn | spealtá | spealadh sé, sí | spealaimis; spealadh muid | spealadh sibh | spealaidís; spealadh siad | a spealadh / a spealadh* | spealtaí |
| future | future | spealfaidh mé; spealfad | spealfaidh tú; spealfair$^†$ | spealfaidh sé, sí | spealfaimid; spealfaidh muid | spealfaidh sibh | spealfaidh siad; spealfaid$^†$ | a spealfaidh; a spealfas | spealfar |
| conditional | conditional | spealfainn | spealfá | spealfadh sé, sí | spealfaimis; spealfadh muid | spealfadh sibh | spealfaidís; spealfadh siad | a spealfadh / a spealfadh* | spealfaí |
| subjunctive | present | go speala mé; go spealad$^†$ | go speala tú; go spealair$^†$ | go speala sé, sí | go spealaimid; go speala muid | go speala sibh | go speala siad; go spealaid$^†$ | — | go spealtar |
| subjunctive | past | dá spealainn | dá spealtá | dá spealadh sé, sí | dá spealaimis; dá spealadh muid | dá spealadh sibh | dá spealaidís; dá spealadh siad | — | dá spealtaí |
| imperative | imperative | spealaim | speal | spealadh sé, sí | spealaimis | spealaigí; spealaidh$^†$ | spealaidís | — | spealtar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | spealadh | spealadh | spealadh | spealadh | spealadh | spealadh | spealadh | spealadh |
| past participle | past participle | spealta | spealta | spealta | spealta | spealta | spealta | spealta | spealta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form

### Noun

speal f (genitive singular speile, nominative plural speala)
* scythe

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
speal
speala
vocative
a speal
a speala
genitive
speile
speal
dative
speal
speala
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an speal
na speala
genitive
na speile
na speal
dative
leis an speal don speal
leis na speala :

#### Derived terms

* spealadóir

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “spelaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 349, page 120

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Middle Irish spelaid, said by DIL to be from Middle English pelen (“peel”), though the s- remains unexplained. The noun is derived from the verb.

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis) IPA: /spjal̪ˠ/
* (Uist) IPA: /spɛl̪ˠ/
* (Barra, Skye) IPA: /spæl̪ˠ/, [spʲe̯al̪ˠ]

### Verb

speal (past speal, future spealaidh, verbal noun spealadh, past participle spealte)
* mow, cut down, scythe
* use cutting words

### Noun

speal f (genitive singular speala, plural spealan)
* scythe, scythe-blade

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “spelaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. II: The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap