# 柘

| 柘 | U+67D8, &#26584; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67D8 |
| ← 柗 [U+67D7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 柙 → [U+67D9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

柘 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木一口 (DMR), four-corner 4196$_0$, composition ⿰木石)

#### Derived characters

* 㮟, 𣗁

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 519, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14626
* Dae Jaweon: page 907, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1180, character 2
* Unihan data for U+67D8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 柘 :
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 柘 | *tjaɡs |
| 妬 | *taːɡs |
| 蠹 | *taːɡs |
| 沰 | *taːɡ, *tʰaːɡ |
| 拓 | *tʰaːɡ, *tjaɡ |
| 橐 | *tʰaːɡ |
| 袥 | *tʰaːɡ |
| 驝 | *tʰaːɡ, *raːɡ |
| 斫 | *tjaɡ |
| 磭 | *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ |
| 磔 | *rtaːɡ |
| 跖 | *tjaɡ |
| 石 | *djaɡ |
| 碩 | *djaɡ |
| 祏 | *djaɡ |
| 鉐 | *djaɡ |
| 鼫 | *djaɡ |

### Etymology

Miyake (1997), apud Schuessler (2007), compared this to Middle Korean [script needed] (tak, “mulberry tree”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhè (zhe$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ze$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chià
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zia$^3$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^5$tso / $^5$tsa
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhè
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhè
*** Wade–Giles: chê$^4$
*** Yale: jè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeh
*** Palladius: чжэ (čžɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ze$^3$
*** Yale: je
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dze$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zé$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛː³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chià
*** Tâi-lô: tsià
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciax
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sia⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sia¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /t͡sia²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zia$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsià
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sia²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tso
*** MiniDict: tso$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tso
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡so³⁴/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tsa
*** MiniDict: tsa$^去$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sɑ⁵²³/
* Middle Chinese: tsyaeH
Rime :
| Character | 柘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 之夜切 |
| Baxter | tsyaeH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕia$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕia$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕia$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cia$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕia$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭa$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯a$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ze$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tAk-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjaɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 柘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyæ$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tAk-s/ |
| English | a kind of mulberry tree |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 柘 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11454 |
| Phonetic component | 石 |
| Rime group | 暮 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 柘 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjaɡs/ |

### Definitions

柘
* silkworm thorn tree (Maclura tricuspidata)
* Alternative form of 蔗 (zhè, “sugar cane”)
* Used in 柘枝 (zhèzhī).
* a surname

### Compounds

* 柘城 (Zhèchéng)
* 柘嶺／柘岭 (Zhèlǐng)
* 柘弓
* 柘彈／柘弹
* 柘木 (Zhèmù)
* 柘枝 (zhèzhī)
* 柘榴 (zhèliú)
* 柘樹／柘树
* 柘漿／柘浆 (zhèjiāng)
* 柘硯／柘砚
* 柘絲／柘丝
* 柘蠶／柘蚕 (zhècán)
* 柘袍 (zhèpáo)
* 柘黃／柘黄 (zhèhuáng)
* 桑柘
* 潭柘
* 諸柘／诸柘 (zhūzhè)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゃ (sha)
* Kan-on: しゃ (sha)
* Kun: やまぐわ (yamaguwa, 柘)、つげ (tsuge, 柘)、つみ (tsumi)

## Korean
### Hanja

柘 • (ja) (hangeul 자, revised ja, McCune–Reischauer cha, Yale ca)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

柘: Hán Nôm readings: rú, giá, chá
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.