# seas
## English
### Pronunciation

* enPR: sēz, IPA: /siːz/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Homophones: sees, seize
* Rhymes: -iːz

### Noun

seas
* plural of sea

#### Related terms

* seven seas

### Anagrams

* ESAs, Essa, SAEs, SASE, SSAE, ases, asse

## Bavarian
### Alternative forms

* servus, servas

### Etymology

Contraction of servas, a variant of servus, an ellipsis from the commoners’ greeting once said to feudal lords, "servus humillimus (Domine spectabilis)", in Latin meaning "(I am a) most humble servant, (O) noble lord".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈse̞ɐ̯s/
* Hyphenation: seas

### Interjection

seas
* (informal) hello, hi
* (informal) bye, goodbye

#### Derived terms

* nå seas

## Estonian
### Etymology 1

Inessive case of siga.

#### Noun

seas
* inessive singular of siga

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *segässä. Cognates include Finnish seassa and Ingrian seas.

#### Postposition

seas
* among, amongst
    Rahva seas oli palju lapsi.There were lots of kids among the crowd.

## Ingrian

Spatial inflection of seas :
| →○ | illative | sekkaa |
| ○ | inessive | seas |
| ○→ | elative | seast |

### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sëgassa. Cognates include Finnish seassa and Estonian seas.

### Pronunciation

* (Ala-Laukaa) IPA: /ˈseɑsːɑ/, [ˈs̠e̞ɑs̠ː]
* (Soikkola) IPA: /ˈseɑs/, [ˈʃe̞ɑʒ̥]
* Rhymes: -eɑsː, -eɑs
* Hyphenation: se‧as

### Postposition

seas (+ genitive)
* (of location) amongst, in the midst of
** 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 103:Valkia karhu. Ellää jäin i lumiloin seas. Jahtiijaa hylkein päälle.White bear. Lives in the midst of ices and snows. Hunts seals.

### References

* Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 515

## Irish
### Etymology

From earlier seasamh, seasaigh, seasmhaigh, denominative from the verbal noun seasamh, from Old Irish sessam, verbal noun of sissidir, from Proto-Celtic *sistati, from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti, reduplicated present of *steh₂-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃasˠ/
* (Cois Fharraige) IPA: /ʃæsˠ/

### Verb

seas (present analytic seasann, future analytic seasfaidh, verbal noun seasamh, past participle seasta)
* stand

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | seasaim | seasann tú; seasair$^†$ | seasann sé, sí | seasaimid | seasann sibh | seasann siad; seasaid$^†$ | a sheasann; a sheasas / a seasann* | seastar |
| indicative | past | sheas mé; sheasas | sheas tú; sheasais | sheas sé, sí | sheasamar; sheas muid | sheas sibh; sheasabhair | sheas siad; sheasadar | a sheas / ar sheas* | seasadh |
| indicative | past habitual | sheasainn / seasainn‡‡ | sheastá / seastá‡‡ | sheasadh sé, sí / seasadh sé, sí‡‡ | sheasaimis; sheasadh muid / seasaimis‡‡; seasadh muid‡‡ | sheasadh sibh / seasadh sibh‡‡ | sheasaidís; sheasadh siad / seasaidís‡‡; seasadh siad‡‡ | a sheasadh / a seasadh* | sheastaí / seastaí‡‡ |
| future | future | seasfaidh mé; seasfad | seasfaidh tú; seasfair$^†$ | seasfaidh sé, sí | seasfaimid; seasfaidh muid | seasfaidh sibh | seasfaidh siad; seasfaid$^†$ | a sheasfaidh; a sheasfas / a seasfaidh* | seasfar |
| conditional | conditional | sheasfainn / seasfainn‡‡ | sheasfá / seasfá‡‡ | sheasfadh sé, sí / seasfadh sé, sí‡‡ | sheasfaimis; sheasfadh muid / seasfaimis‡‡; seasfadh muid‡‡ | sheasfadh sibh / seasfadh sibh‡‡ | sheasfaidís; sheasfadh siad / seasfaidís‡‡; seasfadh siad‡‡ | a sheasfadh / a seasfadh* | sheasfaí / seasfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go seasa mé; go seasad$^†$ | go seasa tú; go seasair$^†$ | go seasa sé, sí | go seasaimid; go seasa muid | go seasa sibh | go seasa siad; go seasaid$^†$ | — | go seastar |
| subjunctive | past | dá seasainn | dá seastá | dá seasadh sé, sí | dá seasaimis; dá seasadh muid | dá seasadh sibh | dá seasaidís; dá seasadh siad | — | dá seastaí |
| imperative | imperative | seasaim | seas | seasadh sé, sí | seasaimis | seasaigí; seasaidh$^†$ | seasaidís | — | seastar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | seasamh | seasamh | seasamh | seasamh | seasamh | seasamh | seasamh | seasamh |
| past participle | past participle | seasta | seasta | seasta | seasta | seasta | seasta | seasta | seasta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*si-sta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 338
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sessaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sessaigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sessmaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sessmaigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “seasuiġim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 632
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “seas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From earlier seasamh, denominative from the verbal noun seasamh, from Old Irish sessam, verbal noun of sissidir, from Proto-Celtic *sistati, from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti, reduplicated present of *steh₂-.

### Pronunciation

* (Lewis) IPA: /ʃɛs̪/ [ʃæs̪]
* (Harris, Uist, Barra, Wester Ross) IPA: /ʃes̪/

### Verb

seas (past sheas, future seasaidh, verbal noun seasamh, past participle seaste)
* stand
* support, back, back up
* endure, last
    Synonym: mair

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. II: The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. II: The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
* ↑ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN

### Further reading

* MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “seas”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈseas/ [ˈse.as]
* Rhymes: -eas
* Syllabification: se‧as

### Verb

seas
* second-person singular present subjunctive of ser