# 涸

| 涸 | U+6DB8, &#28088; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DB8 |
| ← 涷 [U+6DB7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 涹 → [U+6DB9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

涸 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水田十口 (EWJR), four-corner 3610$_0$, composition ⿰氵固)
* dried up
* exhausted, tired
* dry

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 628, character 19
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17601
* Dae Jaweon: page 1030, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1650, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6DB8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 涸 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 箇 | *kaːls |
| 個 | *kaːls |
| 居 | *kɯ, *kas |
| 橭 | *kaː, *kʰaː |
| 嫴 | *kaː |
| 姑 | *kaː |
| 辜 | *kaː |
| 酤 | *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ |
| 蛄 | *kaː |
| 鴣 | *kaː |
| 沽 | *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs |
| 盬 | *kaː, *kaːʔ |
| 古 | *kaːʔ |
| 罟 | *kaːʔ |
| 估 | *kaːʔ |
| 鈷 | *kaːʔ |
| 詁 | *kaːʔ |
| 牯 | *kaːʔ |
| 故 | *kaːs |
| 固 | *kaːs |
| 稒 | *kaːɡs |
| 痼 | *kaːɡs |
| 錮 | *kaːɡs |
| 鯝 | *kaːɡs |
| 棝 | *kaːɡs |
| 凅 | *kaːɡs |
| 枯 | *kʰaː |
| 軲 | *kʰaː |
| 跍 | *kʰaː |
| 骷 | *kʰaː |
| 苦 | *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs |
| 葫 | *qʰaː, *ɡaː |
| 餬 | *ɡaː |
| 瑚 | *ɡaː |
| 湖 | *ɡaː |
| 鶘 | *ɡaː |
| 猢 | *ɡaː |
| 醐 | *ɡaː |
| 糊 | *ɡaː |
| 箶 | *ɡaː |
| 蝴 | *ɡaː |
| 胡 | *ɡaː |
| 瓳 | *ɡaː |
| 怙 | *ɡaːʔ |
| 祜 | *ɡaːʔ |
| 岵 | *ɡaːʔ |
| 婟 | *ɡaːʔ, *ɡaːɡs |
| 楛 | *ɡaːʔ |
| 据 | *ka |
| 裾 | *ka |
| 琚 | *ka |
| 椐 | *ka, *kas, *kʰa |
| 鶋 | *ka |
| 蜛 | *ka |
| 崌 | *ka |
| 涺 | *ka |
| 腒 | *ka, *ɡa |
| 鋸 | *kas |
| 倨 | *kas |
| 踞 | *kas |
| 涸 | *ɡaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 固 (OC *kaːs).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hé (he$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kok$^3$ / hok$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khok
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hoh$^8$ / hag$^4$ / ko$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hé
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hé
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^2$
*** Yale: hé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
*** Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kok$^3$ / hok$^6$
*** Yale: kok / hohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kok$^8$ / hok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kog$^3$ / hog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɔːk̚³/, /hɔːk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khok
*** Tâi-lô: khok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qog
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰɔk̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hoh$^8$ / hag$^4$ / ko$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ho̍h / hak / khó
*** Sinological IPA : /hoʔ⁴/, /hak̚²/, /kʰo⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: hak
Rime :
| Character | 涸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 鐸 (103) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 下各切 |
| Baxter | hak |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦɑk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦɑk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɑk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦak̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɑk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɑk̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣɑk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hé |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hok$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 涸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4280 |
| Phonetic component | 古 |
| Rime group | 鐸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 涸 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaːɡ/ |

### Definitions

涸
* (of bodies of water) dry
* (of bodies of water) to dry up
    Synonym: 㲸 (xī)

### Compounds

* 乾涸／干涸 (gānhé)
* 枯涸
* 枯魚涸轍／枯鱼涸辙
* 河涸海乾／河涸海干
* 涸乾／涸干
* 涸漁／涸渔
* 涸澤而漁／涸泽而渔
* 涸轍之枯／涸辙之枯
* 涸轍之魚／涸辙之鱼
* 涸轍之鮒／涸辙之鲋 (hézhézhīfù)
* 涸轍枯魚／涸辙枯鱼
* 涸轍窮魚／涸辙穷鱼
* 涸轍窮鱗／涸辙穷鳞
* 涸陰／涸阴
* 涸鮒／涸鲋
* 涸鱗濡沫／涸鳞濡沫
* 濡沫涸轍／濡沫涸辙

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02232
* “涸”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* (of bodies of water) dry up

#### Readings

* Go-on: がく (gaku)
* Kan-on: かく (kaku)
* Kan’yō-on: こ (ko)
* Kun: かれる (kareru, 涸れる)、からす (karasu, 涸らす)、からびる (karabiru, 涸びる)、こおる (kōru, 涸る)

## Korean
### Hanja

涸 (eum 후 (hu)) 涸 (eum 학 (hak))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

涸: Hán Nôm readings: hạt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.