# 薪

| 薪 | U+85AA, &#34218; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-85AA |
| ← 薩 [U+85A9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 薫 → [U+85AB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

薪 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 17 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 16 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿卜木中 (TYDL), four-corner 4492$_1$, composition ⿱艹新)

#### Derived characters

* 𬅋

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1062, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32149
* Dae Jaweon: page 1526, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3306, character 3
* Unihan data for U+85AA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 親 | *sʰin, *sʰins |
| 寴 | *sʰin, *sʰins |
| 儭 | *sʰins, *sʰrins |
| 瀙 | *sʰins, *ʔsrin, *sʰrins |
| 辛 | *siŋ |
| 新 | *siŋ |
| 薪 | *siŋ |
| 襯 | *sʰrins |
| 櫬 | *sʰrins |
| 嚫 | *t͡sʰrinh |
| 莘 | *sriŋ |
| 騂 | *seŋ |
| 垶 | *seŋ |
| 觪 | *seŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *siŋ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 新 (OC *siŋ).

### Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *siŋ ~ sik (“wood”). Cognate with Tibetan ཤིང (shing, “tree, wood”) and Burmese သစ် (sac, “log, timber, wood”). Compare its phonetic component 新 (OC *siŋ, “new”) and Burmese သစ် (sac, “new”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xīn (xin$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): san$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sîn
    (Hailu, HRS): sin$^ˋ$
* Eastern Min (BUC): sĭng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sin
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zing$^1$ / sing$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$shin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sin
*** Wade–Giles: hsin$^1$
*** Yale: syīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shin
*** Palladius: синь (sinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: san$^1$
*** Yale: sān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: san$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sîn
*** Hakka Romanization System: xin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /sin²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: sin$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /sin⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /siŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin
*** Tâi-lô: sin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: syn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sin⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zing$^1$ / sing$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsing / sing
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ³³/, /siŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$shin
*** MiniDict: shin$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$xin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕin⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: sin
Rime :
| Character | 薪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 息鄰切 |
| Baxter | sin |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /siɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sin/ |
| Li Rong | /siĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭĕn/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | san$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]i[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*siŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 薪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xīn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sin › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]i[n]/ |
| English | firewood |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 薪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13812 |
| Phonetic component | 辛 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 新 |
| Old Chinese | /*siŋ/ |

### Definitions

薪
* firewood; fuelwood; brushwood
    釜底抽薪 ― fǔdǐchōuxīn ― to extract the firewood from under the cauldron; to take drastic measures to deal with a situation [idiom]
* salary; wage
    月薪 ― yuèxīn ― monthly salary

#### Compounds

* 乾薪／干薪 (gānxīn)
* 以蠟代薪／以蜡代薪
* 伐薪
* 低薪
* 凍薪／冻薪 (dòngxīn)
* 加薪 (jiāxīn)
* 半薪
* 厝火積薪／厝火积薪 (cuòhuǒjīxīn)
* 厝薪於火／厝薪于火
* 反裘負薪／反裘负薪
* 嘗膽臥薪／尝胆卧薪
* 噬指棄薪／噬指弃薪
* 坐薪嘗膽／坐薪尝胆
* 坐薪懸膽／坐薪悬胆
* 工薪 (gōngxīn)
* 年薪 (niánxīn)
* 底薪 (dǐxīn)
* 把薪助火
* 抱火臥薪／抱火卧薪
* 抱薪救火 (bàoxīn-jiùhuǒ)
* 抱薪救焚
* 抽薪止沸
* 披裘負薪／披裘负薪
* 支薪
* 救火投薪
* 曲突徙薪 (qūtūxǐxīn)
* 月薪 (yuèxīn)
* 未焚徙薪
* 本薪
* 束薪
* 杯水車薪／杯水车薪
* 枉突徙薪
* 析薪
* 柴薪 (cháixīn)
* 栗薪
* 欠薪 (qiànxīn)
* 減薪／减薪 (jiǎnxīn)
* 烏薪／乌薪
* 無薪假／无薪假 (wúxīnjià)
* 燃糠照薪
* 留職停薪／留职停薪
* 發薪／发薪 (fāxīn)
* 稱薪而爨／称薪而爨
* 稱薪量水／称薪量水
* 積薪厝火／积薪厝火
* 米珠薪桂
* 粒米束薪
* 索薪
* 臥薪嘗膽／卧薪尝胆 (wòxīnchángdǎn)
* 荊薪／荆薪
* 薪俸 (xīnfèng)
* 薪傳／薪传 (xīnchuán)
* 薪儲之費／薪储之费
* 薪桂米珠
* 薪樵
* 薪水 (xīnshuǐ)
* 薪津
* 薪火 (xīnhuǒ)
* 薪火相傳／薪火相传 (xīnhuǒxiāngchuán)
* 薪盡火傳／薪尽火传 (xīnjìnhuǒchuán)
* 薪給／薪给 (xīnjǐ)
* 薪資／薪资 (xīnzī)
* 薪酬 (xīnchóu)
* 薪金 (xīnjīn)
* 薪餉／薪饷 (xīnxiǎng)
* 調薪／调薪
* 負薪／负薪
* 負薪之憂／负薪之忧
* 負薪之疾／负薪之疾
* 負薪之病／负薪之病
* 負薪之議／负薪之议
* 負薪之資／负薪之资
* 負薪救火／负薪救火
* 負薪裘／负薪裘
* 買臣負薪／买臣负薪
* 起薪 (qǐxīn)
* 輿薪／舆薪
* 週薪／周薪
* 采薪之憂
* 采薪之疾
* 釜底抽薪 (fǔdǐchōuxīn)
* 降薪 (jiàngxīn)
* 雙薪家庭／双薪家庭
* 霜舂雨薪
* 高薪 (gāoxīn)
* 鬼薪

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* firewood; kindling

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): しん (shin, Jōyō)
* Kun: たきぎ (takigi, 薪, Jōyō)、まき (maki, 薪)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 薪
* たきぎ Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 薪 – see the following entry. :
| 【たきぎ】 | [noun] kindling; firewood Alternative spelling 焚き木 |
(This term, 薪, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 薪
* まき Grade: S
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 薪 – see the following entry. :
| 【まき】 | [noun] firewood |
(This term, 薪, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

薪 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin, Yale sin)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

薪: Hán Việt readings: tân
薪: Nôm readings: tân
* chữ Hán form of tân (“firewood, grass, a salary or bonus”).

### References

* 1 2 Trần (2004).
* ↑ Trần (1999).
* ↑ Nguyễn (1974).
* ↑ Thiều Chửu (1942).