# karst
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Karst. The German term and the Slovene placename Kras (the Karst Plateau) are from Proto-Slavic *korsъ, from Italo-Dalmatian carsus (cf. Italian carso), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“hard; rock”). More at Karst.
The metathesis in the Slovene term precludes German borrowing from Slovene.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) enPR: käst, IPA: /kɑːst/
* (General American) enPR: kärst, IPA: /kɑɹst/
* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)st
    Homophones: cast, caste (non-rhotic, trap–bath split)

### Noun

karst (plural karsts)
* (geology) A type of land formation, usually with many caves formed through the dissolving of limestone by underground drainage.
** 1978, M. M. Sweeting, “The Karst of Kweilin, Southern China”, in The Geographical Journal, volume 144, number 2, page 200:In the time available to us on our geomorphological tour we were not able to see the higher and younger karsts of Kweichow and Yunnan and Kunming.
** 2009 May 29, “Katherine Harmon”, in Top 10 New Species Discovered in 2008‎$^{[ScientificAmerican.com]}$:The shells are just 0.04 inch (one millimeter) long and were found on a karst formation where conditions are damp, but the snails that inhabit them have yet to be observed.

#### Derived terms

* karst spring
* karstic
* karstology
* thermokarst
* glaciokarst
* paleokarst

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ Gams, I., Kras v Sloveniji — v prostoru in casu (Karst in Slovenia in space and time), 2003

### Further reading

* karst on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* Stark, Trask, karts, skart, stark

## Dutch
### Etymology

Borrowed from German Karst.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɑrst/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: karst
* Rhymes: -ɑrst

### Noun

karst m (plural karsten)
* (geology) karst (terrain with caves formed by limestone dissolution by underground drainage)

#### Derived terms

* karstbron

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaʁst/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

karst m (plural karsts)
* (geology) karst

### Further reading

* “karst”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰar̥st/
* Rhymes: -ar̥st

### Noun

karst n (genitive singular karsts, no plural)
* (geology) karst

#### Declension
## Old High German
### Alternative forms

* carsc, kars

### Etymology

Unknown; perhaps from a Proto-West Germanic *karsk, *karst related to keren (“to sweep”), from Proto-Germanic *karjaną.

### Noun

karst m
* mattock, hoe

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: karst
** Alemannic German: Charst
** Central Franconian: Kaasch, Kaascht
    Hunsrik: Kaarscht
    Moselle Franconian: Koascht
** German: Karst
** Luxembourgish: Kaascht
** Rhine Franconian: Kaarsch, Kaarscht
    Palatine German: Kaarsch, Kaarscht
** East Franconian: Koascht, Koaschd

## Spanish
### Alternative forms

* carst

### Etymology

Borrowed from German der Karst, name of a limestone region in Slovenia.

### Noun

karst m (plural karstes)
* (geology) karst
    Synonym: malpaís

### Further reading

* “karst”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28