# 令名
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lìngmíng
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lìngmíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lìngmíng
*** Wade–Giles: ling$^4$-ming$^2$
*** Yale: lìng-míng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: linqming
*** Palladius: линмин (linmin)
*** Sinological IPA : /liŋ⁵¹ miŋ³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: ljeng|ljengH|lengH mjieng
Rime :
| Character | 令 | 令 | 令 | 名 |
| Reading # | 2/5 | 4/5 | 5/5 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (121) | 清 (121) | 青 (125) | 清 (121) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 呂貞切 | 力政切 | 郎定切 | 武并切 |
| Baxter | ljeng | ljengH | lengH | mjieng |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /liᴇŋ/ | /liᴇŋ$^H$/ | /leŋ$^H$/ | /miᴇŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /liɛŋ/ | /liɛŋ$^H$/ | /leŋ$^H$/ | /miɛŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /liæŋ/ | /liæŋ$^H$/ | /lɛŋ$^H$/ | /miæŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /liajŋ/ | /liajŋ$^H$/ | /lɛjŋ$^H$/ | /miajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /liɛŋ/ | /liɛŋ$^H$/ | /leŋ$^H$/ | /miɛŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭɛŋ/ | /lĭɛŋ$^H$/ | /lieŋ$^H$/ | /mĭɛŋ/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /li̯ɛŋ/ | /li̯ɛŋ$^H$/ | /lieŋ$^H$/ | /mi̯ɛŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | líng | lìng | lìng | míng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ling$^4$ | ling$^6$ | ling$^6$ | ming$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*riŋ|riŋ-s C.meŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*reŋ|reŋs|reːŋs meŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 令 | 令 | 名 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | líng | lìng | míng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ljeng › | ‹ ljeng$^H$ › | ‹ mjieng › |
| Old Chinese | /*riŋ/ | /*riŋ-s/ | /*C.meŋ/ |
| English | send (a person) | issue a command | name |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 令 | 令 | 令 | 名 |
| Reading # | 2/5 | 3/5 | 5/5 | 1/1 |
| No. | 8277 | 8284 | 8332 | 9178 |
| Phonetic component | 令 | 令 | 令 | 名 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 | 耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 跉 | 令 | 零 | 名 |
| Old Chinese | /*reŋ/ | /*reŋs/ | /*reːŋs/ | /*meŋ/ |

### Noun

令名
* (literary) good name; reputation
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Fùmǔ suī mò, jiāng wéi shàn, sī yí fùmǔ lìngmíng, bì guǒ; jiāng wéi bùshàn, sī yí fùmǔ xiūrǔ, bì bùguǒ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 令名(れいめい) (reimei)
* → Korean: 영명(令名) (yeongmyeong)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 令 | 名 |
| れい Grade: 4 | めい Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) れーめー [rèéméé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɾe̞ːme̞ː]

### Noun

令(れい)名(めい) • (reimei)
* good name; reputation
** 1956, 山田孝雄, 君が代の歴史:
    音(おん)樂(がく)界(かい)に令(れい)名(めい)を馳(は)せた人(ひと)だ。
       Ongakukai ni reimei o haseta hito da.
       He is renowned in musical circles.

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN