# سرو
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* سَرْوَل (sarwal)
* شَرْبِين (šarbīn)

### Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐫘𐫡𐫇 (srw /⁠sarw⁠/, “cypress”). The form شَرْبِين (šarbīn) from Aramaic – Jewish Babylonian Aramaic שׁוּרְבִּינָא (šurbinnā, “Cupressus sempervirens”), Classical Syriac ܫܘܽܪܒܻܝܢܳܐ (šurbinnā), ܫܱܪܘܱܝܢܳܐ (šarwēnā, “Cupressus sempervirens”) –, from Akkadian 𒋗𒌫𒎙 (šu-ur₂-min₃ /⁠šurmēnu⁠/, “cypress”), from Sumerian 𒋗𒌫𒈨 (šu-ur₂-me /⁠šurmen⁠/, “cypress”). Compare Old Armenian սարոյ (saroy, “cypress”) and սարդ (sard, “cedar of Lebanon”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sarw/

### Noun

سَرْو • (sarw) m (collective, singulative سَرْوَة f (sarwa))
* cypress (Cupressus gen. et spp., particularly Cupressus sempervirens)

#### Declension
### References

* “šrwyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 807
* Corriente, F. (1997) “سرو + سرول”, in A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 29)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 250
* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “سرو”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 650
* Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, pages 387–388
* Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 26–33
* Hehn, Victor with Schrader, Otto (1911) Kulturpflanzen und Haustiere in ihrem Übergang aus Asien nach Griechenland und Italien sowie in das übrige Europa‎ (in German), 8th edition, Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger, pages 286–294
* Vollers, Karl (1897) “Beiträge zur Kenntniss der lebenden arabischen Sprache in Aegypten”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 51, page 314
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “سرو”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 568
* Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 53
* “šurmen (cypress)”, in The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary‎, University of Pennsylvania, 2006
* “šurmēnu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, volume 17, Š, part 3, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1992, pages 349–353

## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐫘𐫡𐫇 (srw /⁠sarw⁠/, “cypress”), a Near Eastern Wanderwort. Perhaps from Classical Syriac ܫܱܪܘܱܝܢܳܐ (šarwēnā, “cypress”), ultimately from Akkadian 𒋗𒌫𒎙 (šu-ur₂-min₃ /⁠šurmēnu⁠/, “cypress”), from Sumerian 𒋗𒌫𒈨 (šu-ur₂-me /⁠šurmen⁠/, “cypress”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [saɾw]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [säɾw]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [säɾw]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [säɾw]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [säɾw]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [sæɹv]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [säɾw]

#### Noun

سرو • (sarv)
* cypress
* (figurative, poetic) slim and tall beauty
** c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 136:سرو قدت که از او رسته گل زیبایی دمبدم تازه‌تر و خوشتر و زیباتر بادsarw-i qaddat ki az ō rusta gul-i zēbāyē dam-ba-dam tāzatar u xwaštar u zēbātar bādThe cypress of your stature from which a beautiful rose has grown: May it be fresher and better and more beautiful at every moment!(Classical Persian transliteration)

##### Derived terms

* سرو کوهی (sarv-e kuhi)

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: sərv
* → Tatar: сәрви (särwi), сәрби (särbi)
* → Ottoman Turkish: سروی (servi), سلوی (selvi) — Vulgar Turkish
** Turkish: servi, selvi
** → Albanian: selvi
** → Armenian: սալվի (salvi), սալբ (salb), սալբի (salbi), սելվի (selvi), սևլի (sewli), սարվի (sarvi) (all dialectal), Սալբի (Salbi) (female given name)
** → Bulgarian: се́лвия (sélvija), се́влия (sévlija) — metathesis, σέλβεια — Greek
** → Greek: σελβίνι (selvíni) — Cretan
** → Macedonian: селвија (selvija)
** → Serbo-Croatian: sèlvija／сѐлвија
** → Crimean Tatar: servi, selbi

### Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (slwb' /⁠srū⁠/, “horn, nail”), from Proto-Iranian *cr̥Hwáh (“horn”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćr̥Hwás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂-wó-s, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”) +‎ *-wós.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [su.ɾuː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sʊ.ɾuː]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [sʊ.ɾuː]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [sʊ.ɾuː]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [su.ɾu]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [so.ɹuː]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [su.ɾu]

#### Noun

سرو • (soru)
* feeler, antenna
    Synonym: شاخک (šâxak)
* horn
    Synonym: شاخ (šâx)
* drinking horn

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “سرو”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim