# 黥

| 黥 | U+9EE5, &#40677; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9EE5 |
| ← 黤 [U+9EE4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 黦 → [U+9EE6] |

## Translingual
### Han character

黥 (Kangxi radical 203, 黑+8, 20 strokes, cangjie input 田火卜口火 (WFYRF), four-corner 6039$_6$, composition ⿰黑京)
* to tattoo criminals on the face or forehead

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1520, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48123
* Dae Jaweon: page 2055, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4751, character 7
* Unihan data for U+9EE5

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 黥
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 涼 | *ɡ·raŋ, *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raŋs |
| 凉 | *ɡ·raŋ |
| 椋 | *ɡ·raŋ |
| 綡 | *ɡ·raŋ |
| 輬 | *ɡ·raŋ |
| 諒 | *ɡ·raŋs |
| 掠 | *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raɡ |
| 弶 | *ɡaŋs |
| 京 | *kraŋ |
| 麖 | *kraŋ |
| 鶁 | *kraŋ |
| 景 | *kraŋʔ |
| 鯨 | *ɡraŋ |
| 黥 | *ɡraŋ |
| 勍 | *ɡraŋ |
| 剠 | *ɡraŋ |
| 倞 | *ɡraŋs |
| 影 | *qraŋʔ |
| 璟 | *qraŋʔ, *kʷraŋʔ |
| 憬 | *kʷraŋʔ |
| 暻 | *kʷraŋʔ |
| 澋 | *ɡʷraːŋʔ |
Phonosemantic compound: 黑 ("black; a tattoo on face as a punishment") + 京. See also the original meaning of 墨.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qíng (qing$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): king$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kêng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cíng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻing$^2$
*** Yale: chíng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyng
*** Palladius: цин (cin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: king$^4$
*** Yale: kìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: king$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: king$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɪŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kêng
*** Tâi-lô: kîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: keeng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ²⁴/
* Middle Chinese: gjaeng
Rime :
| Character | 黥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (111) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠京切 |
| Baxter | gjaeng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiæŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚiaŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiaŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /giajŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiɐŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭɐŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /gi̯ɐŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qíng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | king$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡraŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 黥 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6833 |
| Phonetic component | 京 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 擎 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡraŋ/ |

### Definitions

黥
* (historical) to tattoo the face, one of the Five Punishments in Ancient China

#### Synonyms

* 墨 (mò)
* 黵 (dǎn)

#### Compounds

* 天黥
* 息黥補劓／息黥补劓
* 黥布
* 黥面 (qíngmiàn)
* 黥首 (qíngshǒu)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* tattoo, tattooing

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
* Kan-on: けい (kei)
* Kan’yō-on: げい (gei)
* Kun: いれずみ (irezumi, 黥)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 黥
* いれずみ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 黥 – see the following entry. :
| 【いれずみ】 | [noun] a tattoo (an image made in the skin with ink and a needle) [noun] a punishment in which a criminals were given a tattoo as a mark of their criminal record [verb] to tattoo Alternative spellings 入れ墨, 入墨, 刺青, 文身 |
(This term, 黥, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

黥 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
* tattoo punishment of branding a criminal

## Vietnamese
### Han character

黥: Hán Việt readings: kình
* chữ Hán form of kình (“tatooing the cheek or face of criminals as punishment in ancient China”).

### References

* ↑ Trần (2004).
* ↑ Thiều Chửu (1942).