# sioc
## Irish
### Etymology

From Middle Irish sicc.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ʃuk/, [ʃɯk]
* (Connacht) IPA: /ʃuk/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ʃɨk/

### Noun

sioc m (genitive singular seaca)
* frost

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
nominative
sioc
vocative
a shioc
genitive
seaca
dative
sioc
forms with the definite article
case
singular
nominative
an sioc
genitive
an tseaca
dative
leis an sioc don sioc :

### Verb

sioc (present analytic siocann, future analytic siocfaidh, verbal noun siocadh, past participle sioctha)
* to freeze
* to congeal, set
* to stiffen

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | siocaim | siocann tú; siocair$^†$ | siocann sé, sí | siocaimid | siocann sibh | siocann siad; siocaid$^†$ | a shiocann; a shiocas / a siocann* | sioctar |
| indicative | past | shioc mé; shiocas | shioc tú; shiocais | shioc sé, sí | shiocamar; shioc muid | shioc sibh; shiocabhair | shioc siad; shiocadar | a shioc / ar shioc* | siocadh |
| indicative | past habitual | shiocainn / siocainn‡‡ | shioctá / sioctá‡‡ | shiocadh sé, sí / siocadh sé, sí‡‡ | shiocaimis; shiocadh muid / siocaimis‡‡; siocadh muid‡‡ | shiocadh sibh / siocadh sibh‡‡ | shiocaidís; shiocadh siad / siocaidís‡‡; siocadh siad‡‡ | a shiocadh / a siocadh* | shioctaí / sioctaí‡‡ |
| future | future | siocfaidh mé; siocfad | siocfaidh tú; siocfair$^†$ | siocfaidh sé, sí | siocfaimid; siocfaidh muid | siocfaidh sibh | siocfaidh siad; siocfaid$^†$ | a shiocfaidh; a shiocfas / a siocfaidh* | siocfar |
| conditional | conditional | shiocfainn / siocfainn‡‡ | shiocfá / siocfá‡‡ | shiocfadh sé, sí / siocfadh sé, sí‡‡ | shiocfaimis; shiocfadh muid / siocfaimis‡‡; siocfadh muid‡‡ | shiocfadh sibh / siocfadh sibh‡‡ | shiocfaidís; shiocfadh siad / siocfaidís‡‡; siocfadh siad‡‡ | a shiocfadh / a siocfadh* | shiocfaí / siocfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go sioca mé; go siocad$^†$ | go sioca tú; go siocair$^†$ | go sioca sé, sí | go siocaimid; go sioca muid | go sioca sibh | go sioca siad; go siocaid$^†$ | — | go sioctar |
| subjunctive | past | dá siocainn | dá sioctá | dá siocadh sé, sí | dá siocaimis; dá siocadh muid | dá siocadh sibh | dá siocaidís; dá siocadh siad | — | dá sioctaí |
| imperative | imperative | siocaim | sioc | siocadh sé, sí | siocaimis | siocaigí; siocaidh$^†$ | siocaidís | — | sioctar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | siocadh | siocadh | siocadh | siocadh | siocadh | siocadh | siocadh | siocadh |
| past participle | past participle | sioctha | sioctha | sioctha | sioctha | sioctha | sioctha | sioctha | sioctha |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

#### Descendants

* → Yola: sheck

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Breatnach, Risteard B. (1947) The Irish of Ring, Co. Waterford: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 67, page 15
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 170, page 87
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 235
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 97, page 38

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sioc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Welsh
### Etymology

From English shock.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃɔk/
* Rhymes: -ɔk

### Noun

sioc m or f (plural siociau, not mutable)
* shock
    sioc drydanol ― electric shock

#### Synonyms

* ysgytiad
* (psychological blow): ergyd

#### Derived terms

* siocio

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “sioc”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies