# petra
## English
### Etymology

From Latin petra (“rock”). Doublet of piedra.

### Noun

petra
* stone, a weight equal to 14 pounds.
** 1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, volume 4, page 209:Generally, however, the stone or petra, almost always of 14 lbs., is used, the tod of 28 lbs., and the sack of thirteen stone.

### Anagrams

* Peart, apert, apter, parte, pater, peart, petar, prate, preta, reapt, repat, retap, taper, trape, treap

## Breton
### Alternative forms

* p'ra

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpe.tʁa/

### Pronoun

petra
* what?

## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpetrɑ/, [ˈpe̞t̪rɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -etrɑ
* Syllabification: pet‧ra

### Noun

petra (dialectal)
* Alternative form of peura

#### Declension

Possessive forms of petra (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) :

## Gallurese
### Etymology

Inherited from Classical Latin petra, borrowed from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra), of unknown further etymology.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpetra/
* (La Maddalena) IPA: /ˈpɛtra/

### Noun

petra f (plural petri)
* stone
** (uncountable) a hard earthen substance that can form large rocks
** a piece of stone

### References

* 1 2 Mauro Maxia (2012) Fonetica storica del gallurese e delle altre varietà sardocorse (in Gallurese), Editrice Taphros, →ISBN

## Interlingua
### Noun

petra (plural petras)
* stone

## Karelian

Regional variants of petra :
| North Karelian (Viena) | petra |
| South Karelian (Tver) | pedra |

### Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *pëtra. Cognates include Finnish peura and Veps pedr.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpetrɑ/
* Hyphenation: pet‧ra

### Noun

petra (genitive petran, partitive petrua)
* (North Karelian) reindeer

#### Declension
### References

* P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “petra”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN

## Latin
### Etymology

A late borrowing from Ancient Greek πέτρα (pétra, “rock”), further etymology unknown.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈpe.tra/, [ˈpɛt̪rä] or IPA: /ˈpet.ra/, [ˈpɛt̪rä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈpe.tra/, [ˈpɛːt̪rä]

### Noun

petra f (genitive petrae); first declension
* stone, rock
    Synonyms: lapis, saxum, silex

#### Declension

First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | petra | petrae |
| Genitive | petrae | petrārum |
| Dative | petrae | petrīs |
| Accusative | petram | petrās |
| Ablative | petrā | petrīs |
| Vocative | petra | petrae |

#### Derived terms

* petrificātiō
* petrificō
* Petrus
* sāl petrae, sāl petræ (stone salt; that is, found as an incrustation)

#### Descendants

* Balkan Romance:
** Aromanian: cheatrã
** Romanian: piatră
* Dalmatian:
** pitra
* Italo-Romance:
** Corsican: petra
** Gallurese: petra
** Italian: pietra
** Neapolitan: preta
** Sassarese: predda
** Sicilian: petra
* Padanian:
** Friulian: piere
** Istriot: pera
** Ligurian: pria
** Lombard: preja, preda
** Piedmontese: preja, pera, pria, pira
** Venetan: piera
* Gallo-Romance:
** Catalan: pedra
** Franco-Provençal: piérra
** Occitan: pèira, peira
** Old French: pierre
*** Middle French: pierre
**** French: pierre (see there for further descendants)
*** Walloon: pire
* Ibero-Romance:
** Asturian: piedra
** Old Galician-Portuguese: pedra
*** Fala: pedra, peira
*** Galician: pedra
*** Portuguese: pedra (see there for further descendants)
** Spanish: piedra
* Insular Romance:
** Sardinian: petra, pedra, preda, perda
* Borrowings:
** → English: petra
** → Interlingua: petra

### References

* “petra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “petra”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* petra in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* petra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “petra”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
* “petra”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “petra”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
* “petra”, in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976), The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press

## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈpɛ.tra/

### Noun

petra f
* (Far Masovian) wooden ladle (large wooden spoon for placing food in a bowl)

### Further reading

* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “petra”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 118

## Sicilian
### Etymology

From Latin petra.

### Noun

petra f
* stone