# 懁

| 懁 | U+61C1, &#25025; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61C1 |
| ← 懀 [U+61C0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 懂 → [U+61C2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

懁 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 心田中女 (PWLV), four-corner 9003$_2$, composition ⿰忄睘)
* anxious, distressed

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 405, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11319
* Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2361, character 4
* Unihan data for U+61C1

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 懁
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 癏 | *kʷraːn |
| 擐 | *kʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns |
| 還 | *ɡʷraːn, *sɢʷan |
| 環 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 鬟 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 寰 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷeːns |
| 闤 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 糫 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 圜 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen |
| 鐶 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 轘 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns |
| 澴 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 繯 | *ɡʷraːns, *ɡʷeːnʔ |
| 檈 | *sɢʷan, *sɢʷin |
| 儇 | *qʰʷen |
| 翾 | *qʰʷen |
| 蠉 | *qʰʷen, *qʰʷenʔ |
| 嬛 | *qʰʷen, *qʷen, *ɡʷeŋ |
| 譞 | *qʰʷen |
| 懁 | *kʷeːns |
| 獧 | *kʷeːns |
| 噮 | *qʷeːns |
| 彋 | *ɡʷreːŋ, *ɡʷreːŋ |
| 睘 | *ɡʷeŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʷeːns) : semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 睘 (OC *ɡʷeŋ)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xuān (xuan$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gyun$^1$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang$^2$ / huong$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuān
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuan
*** Wade–Giles: hsüan$^1$
*** Yale: sywān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuan
*** Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gyun$^1$
*** Yale: gyūn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gyn$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gün$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kyːn⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huang$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: kwenH
Rime :
| Character | 懁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (86) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 古縣切 |
| Baxter | kwenH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kwen$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʷen$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuɛn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwɛn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kuen$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kiwen$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kiwen$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | juàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gyun$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʷeːns/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 懁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16253 |
| Phonetic component | 睘 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 睊 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʷeːns/ |

### Definitions

懁
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “懁”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 270.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* restless

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): けん (ken)、かん (kan)、げん (gen)
* Kun: はげしい (hageshī)

## Korean
### Hanja

懁 • (hyeon, hwan) (hangeul 현, 환, revised hyeon, hwan, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, hwan, Yale hyen, hwan)
* impatience