# 胥

| 胥 | U+80E5, &#32997; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80E5 |
| ← 胤 [U+80E4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 胦 → [U+80E6] |

## Translingual
### Han character

胥 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓人月 (NOB), four-corner 1722$_7$, composition ⿱疋月)

#### Derived characters

* 婿

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 980, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29406
* Dae Jaweon: page 1432, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2064, character 10
* Unihan data for U+80E5

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 疋 | *ŋraːʔ, *sŋra, *sŋraʔ |
| 蝑 | *sŋas, *sŋa |
| 壻 | *sŋeːs |
| 婿 | *sŋeːs |
| 胥 | *sŋa, *sŋaʔ |
| 稰 | *sŋa, *sŋaʔ |
| 楈 | *sŋa, *sŋaʔ |
| 諝 | *sŋa, *sŋaʔ |
| 湑 | *sŋa, *sŋaʔ |
| 揟 | *sŋa |
| 醑 | *sŋaʔ |
| 糈 | *sŋaʔ, *sŋraʔ |
| 楚 | *sŋ̊ʰraʔ, *sŋ̊ʰras |
| 礎 | *sŋ̊ʰraʔ |
| 憷 | *sŋ̊ʰraʔ |
| 齼 | *sŋ̊ʰraʔ |
| 濋 | *sŋ̊ʰraʔ |
| 儊 | *sŋ̊ʰras |
| 綀 | *sŋra |
| 疎 | *sŋra |
| 疏 | *sŋra, *sŋras |
| 蔬 | *sŋra |
| 梳 | *sŋra |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋa, *sŋaʔ) : phonetic 疋 (OC *ŋraːʔ, *sŋra, *sŋraʔ) + semantic 月 (“flesh”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xū (xu$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi$^1$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sy$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): su
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xū
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syu
*** Wade–Giles: hsü$^1$
*** Yale: syū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiu
*** Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: seoi$^1$
*** Yale: sēui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soey$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɵy̯⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sy$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬy⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su
*** Tâi-lô: su
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sw
*** IPA (Xiamen): /su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /su³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: sjo, sjoX
Rime :
| Character | 胥 | 胥 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 相居切 | 私吕切 |
| Baxter | sjo | sjoX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨʌ/ | /sɨʌ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siɔ/ | /siɔ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /siɔ/ | /siɔ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɨə̆/ | /sɨə̆$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /siɔ/ | /siɔ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭo/ | /sĭo$^X$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /si̯wo/ | /si̯wo$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xū | xǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | seoi$^1$ | seoi$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sŋa/, /*sŋaʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 胥 | 胥 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11767 | 11775 |
| Phonetic component | 疋 | 疋 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 胥 | |
| Old Chinese | /*sŋa/ | /*sŋaʔ/ |
| Notes | | 同諝 |

### Definitions

胥
* (historical) officer who was responsible for capturing thieves
    From: c. 1680, Pu Songling（蒲松齡）, Cricket（《促織》）, translated by Denis C. and Victor H. Mair
    Yì yǒu Chéng Míng zhě, cāo tóngzǐyè, jiǔ bù shòu. Wéirén yūnè, suì wéi huá xū bào chōng lǐzhèng yì. [Pinyin]
    In the district there was a man named Cheng Ming, a long unsuccessful candidate for the Bachelor of Letters degree. The crafty ward administrator, seeing that Cheng was impractical and slow of speech, recommended him for the position of headman.
* (literary) all
    From: 1070, Wang Anshi（王安石）, Reply to Sima Guang（答司馬諫議書）, translation based on the work by John Jamieson, 1994.
    Pángēng zhī qiān, xū yuàn zhě mín yě, fēi tè cháotíng shìdàfū éryǐ. Pángēng bùwèi yuànzhě gǎi qí dù. [Pinyin]
    When Pangeng was set to move the capital, not just officers of court but also every common people was bitterly resentful. But resentment didn't change his plan.
* (Classical) mutually
* a surname

### Compounds

* 儲胥／储胥
* 吏胥
* 抄胥
* 村胥
* 淪胥／沦胥
* 胥吏 (xūlì)
* 胥命
* 胥役
* 胥徒
* 胥濤／胥涛
* 胥爢
* 胥紕／胥纰
* 胥靡 (xūmí)
* 胥頭／胥头
* 華胥／华胥 (Huáxū)
* 鈔胥／钞胥
* 閭胥／闾胥
* 隸胥／隶胥
* 靈胥／灵胥

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “胥”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 267.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: そ (so)
* Kan-on: しょ (sho)
* Kun: あい (ai)、みな (mina, 胥)、みる (miru, 胥る)

## Korean
### Hanja

胥 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ, Yale se)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

胥: Hán Nôm readings: tư
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation