# 春天
## Chinese

* 春天 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 春天 (Cantonese)
* 春天 (Wu)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): chūntiān
       (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣ ㄊㄧㄢ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чунтян (čunti͡an, I-II) / чунтян (čunti͡an, I-I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ceon$^1$ tin$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): cun$^1$ hen$^1$ / cun$^1$ hen$^{1*}$
* Gan (Wiktionary): 'cun$^1$ tien$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhûn-thiên
    (Hailu, HRS): chun$^ˋ$ tien$^ˋ$
* Jin (Wiktionary): cung$^1$ tie$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): ché̤ng-tíng
* Eastern Min (BUC): chŭng-tiĕng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhun-thiⁿ / chhun-thian
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cung$^1$ tin$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tshen-thi
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qyn$^1$ tienn$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūntiān → chūntian (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣ ㄊㄧㄢ → ㄔㄨㄣ ˙ㄊㄧㄢ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuntiån
*** Wade–Giles: chʻun$^1$-tʻien$^5$
*** Yale: chwūn-tyan
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuen.tian
*** Palladius: чуньтянь (čunʹtjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/ → /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn²/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūntiānr
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣ ㄊㄧㄢㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuntianr
*** Wade–Giles: chʻun$^1$-tʻien$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: chwūn-tyānr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuential
*** Palladius: чуньтяньр (čunʹtjanʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чунтян (čunti͡an, I-II) / чунтян (čunti͡an, I-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ²⁴ tʰiæ̃⁵¹/, /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ²⁴ tʰiæ̃²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceon$^1$ tin$^1$
*** Yale: chēun tīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen$^1$ tin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cên$^1$ tin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: cun$^1$ hen$^1$ / cun$^1$ hen$^{1*}$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰun³³ hen³³/, /t͡sʰun³³ hen³³⁻³³⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: 'cun$^1$ tien$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ˈt͡sʰun⁴² tʰiɛn⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûn-thiên
*** Hakka Romanization System: cun$^ˊ$ tien$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cun$^1$ tian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰi̯en²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: chun$^ˋ$ tien$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰun⁵³ tʰien⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: cung$^1$ tie$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰuŋ¹¹ tʰie¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ché̤ng-tíng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰœyŋ⁵⁴ tʰiŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: chŭng-tiĕng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵ $^{(tʰ-)}$nieŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun-thiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tshun-thinn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhuntvy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰun³³ tʰĩ³³/
*** IPA (Penang): /t͡sʰun³³⁻²¹ tʰĩ³³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰĩ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² tʰĩ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun-thian
*** Tâi-lô: tshun-thian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhuntiefn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cung$^1$ tin$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshung thiⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuŋ³³⁻²³ tʰĩ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tshen-thi
*** MiniDict: tshen$^平$ thi
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tshen-thi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰən⁵⁵ tʰi²¹/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: qyn$^1$ tienn$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰyn³³ tʰi̯ẽ³³/
* Middle Chinese: tsyhwin then
Rime :
| Character | 春 | 天 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) | 透 (6) |
| Final (韻) | 諄 (47) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 昌脣切 | 他前切 |
| Baxter | tsyhwin | then |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕʰiuɪn/ | /tʰen/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕʰʷin/ | /tʰen/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕʰjuen/ | /tʰɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cʰwin/ | /tʰɛn/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕʰiuĕn/ | /tʰen/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕʰĭuĕn/ | /tʰien/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn/ | /tʰien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chūn | tiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ceon$^1$ | tin$^1$ |

### Noun

春天
* spring (season)
       Chūnfēng sòng lái chūntiān de wènhòu. [Pinyin]
       Spring greets us with its warm breeze.
       Běijīng de chūntiān hěn shìhé qíchē guàng hútòng. [Pinyin]
       Beijing’s spring is very suitable for cycling around the hutongs.
* springtime
* (figuratively) vitality; hope; prospects

#### Synonyms

* (spring, springtime): (Teochew) 春天時／春天时
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 春天, 春季 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 春天, 春季天兒, 春景天兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 春天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 春天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 春天, 春上 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 春天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 春天, 春起 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 春天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 春天, 春上 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 春天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 春天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 春天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 春天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 春天 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 春天, 春上 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 春天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 春天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 春天, 春兒上 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 春天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 春天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 春天 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 春天 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 春天, 春季天兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 春天, 春經天 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 春上 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 春天, 春季天兒, 春般天兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 春天, 春上 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 春天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 春天, 春上, 春季兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 春上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 春天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 春天, 春裡, 二三月 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 春天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 春天, 春上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 春天, 春上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 春天, 春上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 春天 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 春天, 春上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 春天, 春上, 春裡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 春天, 春上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 春天, 春上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 春天, 春上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 春天, 春上 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 春天, 春上 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 春天, 春上, 開春 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 春天, 春上 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 春天, 春上, 春裡 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 春天, 春上 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 春天, 春上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 春天, 春天家 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 春天, 春上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 春上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 春天兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 春天, 春上, 春季 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 春天, 春上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 春天, 春上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 春天, 春上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 春天, 春天價, 春上 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanning (Wuming) | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 春天, 春上, 春上天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 春天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 春天, 春上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 春天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 春天, 春上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 春天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 春天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 春天, 春上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 春天, 春上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 春天, 春上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 春天, 春上 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 春天, 春天道, 春季 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 春天 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 春天 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 春天 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 春天, 春頭天, 春水天 |
| Cantonese | Nanning (Tanka) | 春天 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 春天 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 春天, 春季 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 春天 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 春天, 春上 |
| Gan | Pengze | 春上 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 春上 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 春上天, 春上裡 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 春天 |
| Hakka | Dabu (Xihe) | 春季 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 春天 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 春天 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 春天 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 春上頭, 春上 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 春天 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 春天 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 春天, 春期 |
| Jin | Taiyuan (Jiancaoping) | 春期 |
| Jin | Taiyuan (Jinyuan) | 春期 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 春起日 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 春天, 春起 |
| Jin | Datong | 春天 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 春天, 春期 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 春天, 春起, 春上 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 春天 |
| Jin | Linhe | 春天, 春天裡, 春起 |
| Jin | Jining | 春天 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 春天, 春起 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 春天, 春起 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 春天 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 春天 |
| Jin | Handan | 春天, 春上 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 春天 |
| Jin | Suide | 春上 |
| Jiuxing Yumin | Lanxi | 春裡 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 春天 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 春天 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 春天, 春裡 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 春天, 春咧 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 春天, 春頭天 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 春天 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Yongjing) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 春天 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 春頭天 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 春頭, 春頭天 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 春季 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 春天 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 春天 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 春天 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 春天 |
| Waxiang | Guzhang (Gaofeng) | 春天 |
| Waxiang | Yuanling (Shaojiwan) | 春天 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 春天, 春場裡, 春浪向, 春浪 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 春天, 春場裡, 春二三月 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 春天, 春浪 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 春裡, 春天 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 春天, 春場裡 |
| Wu | Danyang | 春天, 春天頭, 春季 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 春天 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 春天價, 春天 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 春裡 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 春天 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 春天 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 春上 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 春天 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Jiangyong | 春天 |

#### Derived terms

* 劍橋春天／剑桥春天 (Jiànqiáo Chūntiān)
* 春天名苑 (Chūntiānmíngyuàn)
* 春天後母面，欲變一時間／春天后母面，欲变一时间 (chhun-thiⁿ āu-bú bīn, beh piàn chi̍t sî-kan) (Min Nan)