# 伺候
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cìhou, cìhòu
    (Zhuyin): ㄘˋ ˙ㄏㄡ, ㄘˋ ㄏㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): si$^6$ hau$^6$ / zi$^6$ hau$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sù-hō͘ / sìr-hiō / sū-hō͘ / sù-hāu / sū-hāu / su-hāu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cìhou
*** Zhuyin: ㄘˋ ˙ㄏㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cìhho̊u
*** Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ$^4$-hou$^5$
*** Yale: tsz̀-hou
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyh.hou
*** Palladius: цыхоу (cyxou)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹ xoʊ̯¹/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cìhòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄘˋ ㄏㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cìhhòu
*** Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ$^4$-hou$^4$
*** Yale: tsz̀-hòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyhhow
*** Palladius: цыхоу (cyxou)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$伺候 次後／次后
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: si$^6$ hau$^6$ / zi$^6$ hau$^6$
*** Yale: sih hauh / jih hauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: si$^6$ hau$^6$ / dzi$^6$ hau$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xi$^6$ heo$^6$ / ji$^6$ heo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /siː²² hɐu̯²²/, /t͡siː²² hɐu̯²²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$事後／事后 伺候 侍候
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù-hō͘
*** Tâi-lô: sù-hōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: suo'ho
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su²¹⁻⁵³ hɔ²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr-hiō
*** Tâi-lô: sìr-hiō
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hio⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū-hō͘
*** Tâi-lô: sū-hōo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: suxho
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /su³³⁻²¹ hɔ³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /su³³⁻¹¹ hɔ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù-hāu
*** Tâi-lô: sù-hāu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: suo'hau
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /su²¹⁻⁴¹ hau³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su²¹⁻⁵³ hau²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /su¹¹⁻⁵³ hau³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū-hāu
*** Tâi-lô: sū-hāu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: suxhau
*** IPA (Taipei): /su³³⁻¹¹ hau³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /su³³⁻²¹ hau³³/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su-hāu
*** Tâi-lô: su-hāu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: su'hau
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴⁻³³ hau³³/

#### Verb

伺候
* to serve; to wait on

##### Synonyms

* (to serve):
* 事奉 (shìfèng)
* 侍候 (shìhòu)
* 侍奉 (shìfèng)
* 服侍

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sìhòu
    (Zhuyin): ㄙˋ ㄏㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): si$^6$ hau$^6$ / zi$^6$ hau$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sìhòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄙˋ ㄏㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sìhhòu
*** Wade–Giles: ssŭ$^4$-hou$^4$
*** Yale: sz̀-hòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syhhow
*** Palladius: сыхоу (syxou)
*** Sinological IPA : /sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: si$^6$ hau$^6$ / zi$^6$ hau$^6$
*** Yale: sih hauh / jih hauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: si$^6$ hau$^6$ / dzi$^6$ hau$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xi$^6$ heo$^6$ / ji$^6$ heo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /siː²² hɐu̯²²/, /t͡siː²² hɐu̯²²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$事後／事后 伺候 侍候

#### Verb

伺候
* to spy on; to scout; to lie in wait for
* to wait for; to await

##### Synonyms

* (to wait for):
* 佇候 (zhùhòu) (literary)
* 候等 (Hokkien)
* 守候 (shǒuhòu)
* 留住 (liúzhù) (literary)
* 當等／当等 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 等 (děng)
* 等候 (děnghòu)
* 等待 (děngdài)
* 聽候／听候 (tīnghòu) (literary, or Min Nan)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 伺 | 候 |
| し Grade: S | こう Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi | kan'on |
* Alternative spelling
* 祗候

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しこー [shìkóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕiko̞ː]

### Noun

伺(し)候(こう) • (shikō)
* waiting on someone

### Verb

伺(し)候(こう)する • (shikō suru) intransitive suru (stem 伺(し)候(こう)し (shikō shi), past 伺(し)候(こう)した (shikō shita))
* to wait on someone

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 伺候し | しこうし | shikō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 伺候し | しこうし | shikō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 伺候する | しこうする | shikō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 伺候する | しこうする | shikō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 伺候すれ | しこうすれ | shikō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 伺候せよ¹ 伺候しろ² | しこうせよ¹ しこうしろ² | shikō seyo¹ shikō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 伺候される | しこうされる | shikō sareru |
| Causative | 伺候させる 伺候さす | しこうさせる しこうさす | shikō saseru shikō sasu |
| Potential | 伺候できる | しこうできる | shikō dekiru |
| Volitional | 伺候しよう | しこうしよう | shikō shiyō |
| Negative | 伺候しない | しこうしない | shikō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 伺候せず | しこうせず | shikō sezu |
| Formal | 伺候します | しこうします | shikō shimasu |
| Perfective | 伺候した | しこうした | shikō shita |
| Conjunctive | 伺候して | しこうして | shikō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 伺候すれば | しこうすれば | shikō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 伺 | 候 |

### Noun

伺候 • (sahu) (hangeul 사후)
* hanja form of 사후 (“waiting on someone”)