OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# riff-raffy
## English
### Etymology

From riffraff +‎ -y. First use appears c. 1850. See cite below.

### Adjective

riff-raffy
* Synonym of riffraffish
** 1850, Sylvester Judd, Richard Edney and the Governor's Family, A Rusurban Tale, page 145:"Not Tunny and I," retorted the lady; "they are noisy, riffraffy, and smell of cowheel and codfish, - uncomfortable to polite minds, disrelishable to respectable society, and dangerous to genteel young ladies.
** 1962, Elwyn Brooks White (contributor), “The Talk Of The Town”, in The New Yorker, volume 38, page 29:Brunswick, always thinking ahead, kept improving the tone of bowling alleys, extending credit to potential bowling-alley proprietors, hiring architects and decorators to make sure the places wouldn't look riff-raffy.
** 1987, Bernard Sabath, You Caught Me Dancing, page 18:He was frettin' and fiddlin' over a new story 'bout that riff-raffy Huckleberry Finn.
# Migdalski
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /miɡˈdal.ski/
* Rhymes: -alski
* Syllabification: Mig‧dal‧ski

### Proper noun

Migdalski m pers (female equivalent Migdalska)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Migdalski”, in Internetowy słownik nazwisk w Polsce, 2022
# hrífa
## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈr̥iːva/
    Rhymes: -iːva

### Etymology 1

From Old Norse hrífa (“rake”), cognate with Danish rive. From the following verb.

#### Noun

hrífa f (genitive singular hrífu, nominative plural hrífur)
* rake

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

From Old Norse hrífa (“to grip, snatch”), from Proto-Germanic *hrībaną (“to grip, snatch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreybʰ- (“to scratch”). Has become conflated with Proto-Germanic *rīfaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to tear”), in each subsequent daughter language, cf. Old English gehrīfnian (“to become fierce, rapacious”) and Old Frisian hrīva (“to tear”). Ultimately the sense is 'to make an impression on'.

#### Verb

hrífa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative hreif, third-person plural past indicative hrifu, supine hrifið)
* to enchant, to carry away, to move someone [intransitive or with accusative]
* (intransitive) to become effective, to take effect
    Lyfið hreif mjög fljótt.The drug took effect very quickly.

##### Derived terms

* hrifinn
# vinterkappas
## Swedish
### Noun

vinterkappas
* indefinite genitive singular of vinterkappa
# Linå
## Walloon
### Alternative forms

* Linâ

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /li.ˈnɔː/, /li.ˈnaː/

### Proper noun

Linå
* a female given name
# ionat
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Aran) IPA: /ˈɪn̪ˠət̪ˠ/, /ˈɪn̪ˠəd̪ˠ/

### Pronoun

ionat (emphatic ionatsa)
* second-person singular of i

### References

* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume I, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 194
# Schönthalerin
## German
### Etymology

From Schönthaler +‎ -in

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈʃøːnˌtaːləʁɪn]
* Hyphenation: Schön‧tha‧le‧rin

### Noun

Schönthalerin f (genitive Schönthalerin, plural Schönthalerinnen, masculine Schönthaler)
* female equivalent of Schönthaler

#### Hypernyms

* Mitteleuropäerin
# Fartgate
## English
### Etymology

From fart +‎ -gate.

### Proper noun

Fartgate
* (informal) Any controversy involving flatulence.
** 2018 November 17, Frank Keogh, “Gary Anderson-Wesley Harms 'fartgate': We must get to bottom of it, jokes Barry Hearn”, in BBC Sport‎:When a sport is rocked by "fartgate", the only thing the person in charge can do is laugh.
** 2018 December 28, Benjamin Mueller, “Showmanship, and Conflict, as Darts Goes From Smoky Pubs to TV Spectacle”, in The New York Times‎:Mr. Anderson was accused last month of passing gas so pungent it threw his opponent off, an incident soon dubbed Fartgate.
** 2019 November 19, Angela Watercutter, “With #Fartgate, Twitter Was a Gas Once Again”, in WIRED‎:This, reader, is where the true meaning of #Fartgate came alive. Arguing over who flatulated on MSNBC—or whether anyone did at all—isn’t the point. The point is that Twitter used to be about goofing off and making each other laugh.
** 2019 November 20, Peter Weber, “The Daily Show gets to the bottom of the MSNBC-Eric Swalwell #Fartgate mystery”, in The Week‎:The Tonight Show's Jimmy Fallon ran with it, a little sheepishly. "The other big political story is that the hashtag #Fartgate was trending yesterday after people thought Rep. Eric Swalwell may have passed gas on live TV," he said.
# unieśmiertelnić
## Polish
### Etymology

From u- +‎ nieśmiertelny +‎ -ić.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /u.ɲɛ.ɕmjɛrˈtɛl.ɲit͡ɕ/
* Rhymes: -ɛlɲit͡ɕ
* Syllabification: u‧nie‧śmier‧tel‧nić

### Verb

unieśmiertelnić pf (imperfective unieśmiertelniać)
* (transitive) to commemorate, to mark, to memorialize, to immortalize (to honor the memory of someone or something with a ceremony or object)
    Synonyms: upamiętnić, utrwalić, uwiecznić
** 2014, Félix J. Palma, Mapa nieba‎:Uśmiechnął się z satysfakcją, przekonawszy się, że nikt go nie rozpoznaje, mimo że został unieśmiertelniony w brązie kilka przecznic dalej.He smiled with satisfaction, having seen that nobody recognized him, even though he was immortalized in bronze a few blocks away.
* (transitive) to commemorate, to mark, to memorialize, to immortalize (to serve as a memorial to someone or something)
    Synonyms: upamiętnić, utrwalić, uwiecznić
* (reflexive with się) to get fixed in memory
    Synonyms: upamiętnić się, utrwalić się, uwiecznić się

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* unieśmiertelnić in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# hugga
## Icelandic
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -ʏkːa

### Verb

hugga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative huggaði, supine huggað)
* to comfort [with accusative]
    Ég hugga mig við það að hann þjáðist ekki.I console myself with that that he didn't suffer.
    Hún huggaði hann eftir að pabbi hans dó.She comforted him after the death of his father.

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

#### Derived terms

* óhuggandi

## Old Swedish
### Alternative forms

* hogga

### Etymology

From Old Norse hǫggva, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną.

### Verb

hugga
* to hew, chop

#### Descendants

* Swedish: hugga

## Swedish
### Etymology

From Old Swedish hugga, from Old Norse hǫggva, from Proto-Germanic *hawwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *kowH-.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

hugga (present hugger, preterite högg, supine huggit, imperative hugg)
* to strike with something sharp (to cut into pieces, sculpt, damage, or for any other purpose); to stab, to cut, to hew, to chop, to fell (trees), to carve (sculpt)
    Han högg honom i armen med knivenHe stabbed him in the arm with the knife
    Han högg av honom armen med machetenHe chopped his arm off with the machete
    Han högg ner ett trädHe cut down a tree
    Han högg vedHe chopped wood
    Han högg ut en krokodil ur stenenHe sculpted a crocodile out of the rock
    Han högg med kniven i luftenHe was stabbing with the knife in the air
* to (forcefully) attack with a sharp body part, like teeth or claws, most commonly of biting
    Vargen högg honom i benetThe wolf bit his leg
    Vargen högg med käftarna i luftenThe wolf was snapping its jaws (biting repeatedly) in the air
    Örnen högg honom i armen med klornaThe eagle sank its talons into his arm
* (by extension) to forcefully grab
    Han högg tag i hans armHe grabbed his arm
    Han högg tag i geväretHe grabbed his rifle
* (impersonal, often with till to express suddenness and short duration) to (suddenly) hurt
    Det högg till i sidanI felt a sting in my side

#### Usage notes

"Hugga i bitar" = "cut to pieces" and the like makes it sensible to include "cut" as a translation, though the intuition isn't of a glancing strike.

#### Derived terms

* grovhuggen
* hugga in
* huggorm (“common European adder”)
* huggsexa
* huggtand (“fang”)
* munhuggas
* skogshuggare (“lumberjack”)
* späckhuggare (“killer whale”)
* vara hugget som stucket

#### Related terms

* hugg

#### See also

* i högsta hugg
* på hugget
* rista (“carve”)
* skära (“cut”)

### References

* hugga in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* hugga in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* hugga in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# peevishness
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English pevyshnesse, equivalent to peevish +‎ -ness.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA or enPR then please add some!
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

peevishness (usually uncountable, plural peevishnesses)
* The state of being peevish.
** 1820, [Walter Scott], chapter XV, in The Abbot. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 332:Moreover, it were ungenerous, having bred thee up freakish and fiery, to dismiss thee to want or wandering, for shewing that very peevishness and impatience of discipline which arose from thy too delicate nurture.
# -러
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɾʌ̹]
* Phonetic hangul: [러]

### Etymology 1

From Middle Korean 라〮 (Yale: -lá).

#### Suffix

러 • (-reo)
* Post-vowel and post-liquid allomorphic form of 으러 (-eureo).

### Etymology 2

From an incorrect analysis of English -er.

#### Suffix

러 • (-reo)
* (Internet slang) -er
    ‎악플 (akpeul, “malicious comment”) + ‎러 (-reo) → ‎악플러 (akpeulleo, “people who post malicious comment”)
    ‎선플 (seonpeul, “positive comments”) + ‎러 (-reo) → ‎선플러 (seonpeulleo, “people who post positive comments”)
    ‎먹방 (meokbang, “mukbang”) + ‎러 (-reo) → ‎먹방러 (meokbangneo, “mukbanger”)
    ‎자막 (jamak, “subtitles”) + ‎러 (-reo) → ‎자막러 (jamangneo, “subtitle producer”)
    ‎프로 (peuro, “pro, professional”) + ‎불편 (bulpyeon, “complaint”) + ‎러 (-reo) → ‎프로불편러 (peurobulpyeolleo, “social justice warrior”)
# Līna
## Latvian
### Etymology

First recorded as a given name of Latvians in 1777. Short form of names ending in -līna and -līne, such as Paulīna and Karolīna. Cognate with English Lina.

### Proper noun

Līna f
* a female given name

### References

* Klāvs Siliņš: Latviešu personvārdu vārdnīca. Riga "Zinātne" 1990, →ISBN
* Population Register of Latvia: Līna was the only given name of 586 persons in Latvia on May 21st 2010.
# ionatsa
## Irish
### Etymology

ionat +‎ -sa

### Pronunciation

* (Aran) IPA: /ˈɪn̪ˠət̪ˠsˠə/

### Pronoun

ionatsa
* second-person singular emphatic of i

### References

* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume I, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 194
# hopottaa
## Finnish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhopotːɑːˣ/, [ˈho̞po̞t̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -opotːɑː
* Syllabification: ho‧pot‧taa

### Verb

hopottaa
* Dialectal form of höpöttää.
# Теби
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Thebae.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtɛbe]
* Homophone: те́бе (tébe)
* Rhymes: -ɛbe
* Hyphenation: Те‧би

### Proper noun

Те́би • (Téby) m inan pl or f inan pl (genitive Теб or Те́бів, plural only, relational adjective те́бський)
* (rare) Alternative spelling of Фі́ви (Fívy): Thebes (a city in Greece)
# 震わせる
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 震
* ふる Grade: S
* kun'yomi

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ふるわせる [fùrúwásérú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɸɯ̟ɾɯ̟β̞a̠se̞ɾɯ̟]
* Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「震わせる」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) | 震わせる | ふるわせる | [fùrúwásérú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 震わせろ | ふるわせろ | [fùrúwáséró] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 震わせられる | ふるわせられる | [fùrúwásérárérú] |
| Causative | 震わせさせる | ふるわせさせる | [fùrúwásésásérú] |
| Potential | 震わせられる | ふるわせられる | [fùrúwásérárérú] |
| Volitional | 震わせよう | ふるわせよー | [fùrúwáséyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 震わせない | ふるわせない | [fùrúwásénáí] |
| Negative perfective | 震わせなかった | ふるわせなかった | [fùrúwásénáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 震わせます | ふるわせます | [fùrúwásémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 震わせた | ふるわせた | [fùrúwásétá] |
| Conjunctive | 震わせて | ふるわせて | [fùrúwásété] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 震わせれば | ふるわせれば | [fùrúwáséréꜜbà] |

### Verb

震(ふる)わせる • (furuwaseru) transitive ichidan (stem 震(ふる)わせ (furuwase), past 震(ふる)わせた (furuwaseta))
Japanese verb pair :
| active | 震わせる |
| mediopassive | 震える |
* to (cause something to) tremble, shake, quake (from an emotion)
    声(こえ)を震(ふる)わせた。
       Koe o furuwaseta.
       His voice shook.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 震わせ | ふるわせ | furuwase |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 震わせ | ふるわせ | furuwase |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 震わせる | ふるわせる | furuwaseru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 震わせる | ふるわせる | furuwaseru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 震わせれ | ふるわせれ | furuwasere |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 震わせよ¹ 震わせろ² | ふるわせよ¹ ふるわせろ² | furuwaseyo¹ furuwasero² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 震わせられる | ふるわせられる | furuwaserareru |
| Causative | 震わせさせる 震わせさす | ふるわせさせる ふるわせさす | furuwasesaseru furuwasesasu |
| Potential | 震わせられる 震わせれる³ | ふるわせられる ふるわせれる³ | furuwaserareru furuwasereru³ |
| Volitional | 震わせよう | ふるわせよう | furuwaseyō |
| Negative | 震わせない 震わせぬ 震わせん | ふるわせない ふるわせぬ ふるわせん | furuwasenai furuwasenu furuwasen |
| Negative continuative | 震わせず | ふるわせず | furuwasezu |
| Formal | 震わせます | ふるわせます | furuwasemasu |
| Perfective | 震わせた | ふるわせた | furuwaseta |
| Conjunctive | 震わせて | ふるわせて | furuwasete |
| Hypothetical conditional | 震わせれば | ふるわせれば | furuwasereba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential ||||
# 紙質書
## Chinese

(This form in the hanzi box is uncreated: "纸质书".)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhǐzhìshū
    (Zhuyin): ㄓˇ ㄓˋ ㄕㄨ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐzhìshū
*** Zhuyin: ㄓˇ ㄓˋ ㄕㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐhjhìhshu
*** Wade–Giles: chih$^3$-chih$^4$-shu$^1$
*** Yale: jř-jr̀-shū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyyjyhshu
*** Palladius: чжичжишу (čžičžišu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

### Noun

紙質書
* paper book; printed book
# hunsa
## Icelandic
### Alternative forms

* hundsa

### Verb

hunsa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative hunsaði, supine hunsað)
* to ignore someone [with accusative]
    Ertu að hunsa mig?Are you ignoring me?

#### Conjugation
## Irish
### Noun

hunsa m
* h-prothesized form of unsa

## Swedish
### Verb

hunsa (present hunsar, preterite hunsade, supine hunsat, imperative hunsa)
* to criticize or order (someone) around in a bossy, humiliating manner (implying some degree of submissiveness in the target); to push around, to henpeck, to browbeat, etc.
    en hunsad mana henpecked man
    hunsa (med) någonpush someone around

#### Usage notes

Usually implies having been driven into submission in the past participle hunsad.

#### Conjugation
### References

* hunsa in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* hunsa in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
* hunsa in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# réconcilier
## French
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin reconciliō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʁe.kɔ̃.si.lje/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

réconcilier
* (transitive) to reconcile
    Synonym: (dated) rajuster
* (accounting, transitive) to reconcile, to match up
* (reflexive) to be reconciled, to make it up
    Synonym: (dated) rajuster

#### Related terms

* réconciliation
* concilier

### Further reading

* “réconcilier” in Émile Littré, Dictionnaire de la langue française, 1872–1877.
* “réconcilier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# Hypnos
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos, literally “Sleep”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhɪpnɒs/, /ˈhɪpnoʊs/

### Proper noun

Hypnos
* (Greek mythology) The god and personification of sleep. The son of Nyx and Erebus, twin brother of Thanatos, husband of Pasithea, and the father of the Oneiroi. His Roman counterpart is Somnus.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* syphon

## Breton
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Proper noun

Hypnos m
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## Czech
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦɪpnos]

### Proper noun

Hypnos m anim
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

#### Declension

This proper noun needs an inflection-table template.

## Danish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Proper noun

Hypnos c
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## Dutch
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Proper noun

Hypnos m
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## Estonian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhypnos/, [ˈ(h)ypnos]

### Proper noun

Hypnos
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## Finnish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhypnos/, [ˈhypno̞s̠]
* Rhymes: -ypnos
* Syllabification: Hyp‧nos

### Proper noun

Hypnos
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

#### Declension

Possessive forms of Hypnos (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation) :

## French
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ip.nos/
* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Hypnos m
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## German
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Proper noun

Hypnos m
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## Norwegian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Proper noun

Hypnos m
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## Polish
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos). Doublet of hipnoza and sen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxɘp.nɔs/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -ɘpnɔs
* Syllabification: Hyp‧nos

### Proper noun

Hypnos m pers
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Hypnos in Polish dictionaries at PWN

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhipnos]

### Proper noun

Hypnos m (genitive/dative lui Hypnos)
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## Slovak
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦipnɔs]

### Proper noun

Hypnos m pers
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## Swedish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ὕπνος (Húpnos).

### Proper noun

Hypnos c (genitive Hypnos)
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos

## Turkish
### Proper noun

Hypnos
* (Greek mythology) Hypnos
# Hirschbergerin
## German
### Etymology

From Hirschberger +‎ -in.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhɪʁʃˌbɛʁɡəʁɪn]
* Hyphenation: Hirsch‧ber‧ge‧rin

### Noun

Hirschbergerin f (genitive Hirschbergerin, plural Hirschbergerinnen, masculine Hirschberger)
* female equivalent of Hirschberger
# Jeriko
## Danish
### Proper noun

Jeriko
* Jericho (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)

## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jeˈriko/

### Proper noun

Jeriko (accusative Jerikon)
* Jericho (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Latin Ierīchō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈjeriko/, [ˈje̞riko̞]
* Rhymes: -eriko
* Syllabification: Je‧ri‧ko

### Proper noun

Jeriko
* Jericho (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of Jeriko (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) :

### Anagrams

* jokeri

## Norwegian Bokmål
### Proper noun

Jeriko
* Jericho (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)

## Swedish
### Proper noun

Jeriko n (genitive Jerikos)
* Jericho (a city in the West Bank, Palestine)
# monkey's paw
## English
### Alternative forms

* monkey paw, monkey-paw

### Etymology

From the 1902 short story "The Monkey's Paw" by W. W. Jacobs, in which a mummified monkey's paw is enchanted to grant a family three wishes, but with terrible consequences for them. Popularised by a segment based on Jacobs' story in the 1991 episode "Treehouse of Horror II" of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

monkey's paw (plural monkey's paws)
* (idiomatic, usually attributive) A situation in which a wish or desire has been fulfilled, but at significant cost or with ironic, usually unfavourable consequences.
** 2015 October 19, Sam Kriss with Thom Phipps, “Who really ever owns a tweet? The story of a 140-character message gone viral, and the man who stole it”, in The Daily Telegraph:It’s given me everything I thought I wanted – riches, lucre, affluence, having lots of money, and being very wealthy – but with monkey’s-paw precision it’s turned all my dreams against me.
** 2017 October 11, Helen Rosner, “What Le Cirque Will Be Remembered For”, in The New Yorker:It’s a monkey’s paw of a legacy, to have birthed an immortal gastronomic titan but not to have attained immortality of one’s own.
** 2020 April 2, Brian Feldman, “Welcome (Back) to the Appointment Internet”, in New York:For many people, the extended period of quarantine and working from home necessitated by the coronavirus outbreak has turned into a monkey’s paw situation — a theoretical wish come true that has significant downsides.
** 2021 March 27, Brian Marks, “Tom Hanks' rapper son Chet Hanks gets lambasted on social media after declaring that 'white boy summer' is on the way”, in The Daily Mail:One person joked that Chet was the result of a monkey's paw situation with his father. ¶ 'Chet hanks is the price tom hanks paid to become tom hanks,' they wrote.
* Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see monkey,‎ paw.

### See also

* be careful what you wish for
* poisoned chalice
* Pyrrhic victory
# jesznu3
## Sumerian
### Romanization

jesznu3
* Romanization of 𒈿 (g̃ešnu₃)
# advocatus diaboli
## Latin
### Etymology

From advocātus (“advocate”) + diabolī (“of the devil”) the genitive singular of diabolus (“the devil”). Literally meaning "the devil's advocate".

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ad.u̯oˈkaː.tus diˈa.bo.liː/, [äd̪u̯ɔˈkäːt̪ʊs̠ d̪iˈäbɔlʲiː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ad.voˈka.tus diˈa.bo.li/, [äd̪voˈkäːt̪us d̪iˈäːboli]

### Noun

advocātus diabolī m (genitive advocātī diabolī); second declension
* the devil's advocate, an officer of the Church whose role it is to argue against the canonization or beatification of a saint.

#### Declension

Second-declension noun with an indeclinable portion.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | advocātus diabolī | advocātī diabolī |
| Genitive | advocātī diabolī | advocātōrum diabolī |
| Dative | advocātō diabolī | advocātīs diabolī |
| Accusative | advocātum diabolī | advocātōs diabolī |
| Ablative | advocātō diabolī | advocātīs diabolī |
| Vocative | advocāte diabolī | advocātī diabolī |

#### Antonyms

* advocātus Deī

#### Descendants

* English: devil's advocate (calque)
* Polish: adwokat diabła (calque)
* Portuguese: advogado do diabo (calque)
* Swedish: djävulens advokat (calque)

## Swedish
### Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin advocatus diaboli.

### Noun

advocatus diaboli ?
* Synonym of djävulens advokat (“devil's advocate”).
** 1846 January 3, “Kärlekens Rättsstudier [Studies of the Law of Love]”, in Skånska Correspondenten, number 1, Lund, via Svenska tidningar, page 3:Man canoniſerar den älſkade; ty hon förekommer oß alltid ſåſom något heligt, den mognare öfwerläggningen må ſå mycket den will uppreſa ſig deremot ſåſom advocatus diaboli.One doth canonise the beloved; for she ever presenteth herself unto us as something sacred, however much mature deliberation may strive to oppose it in the manner of an advocatus diaboli.
** 1899, Oscar Levertin, Rococo-noveller, via Swedish Literature Bank, pages 51–52:Alldeles yr och vimmelkant i hufvudet gick jag hem och raconterade min dilemma för den lugne van der Schink, utlade för honom min andes strid mellan frestelse och plikt, men den spjufvern tog sig för att uppträda som advocatus diaboli och argumentera pro et contra, till dess min svaga Adam blef besluten att infinna sig på madame Ruhnkenias rendez-vous.Completely dizzy and dazed, I went home and recounted my dilemma to the calm van der Schink, explaining to him my inner struggle between temptation and duty, but the rascal took it upon himself to act as the advocatus diaboli and argue both for and against, until my weak Adam resolved to attend Madame Ruhnkenia's rendezvous.
** 1909, Yrjö Hirn, Det heliga skrinet, via Swedish Literature Bank, page 178:Patriarken i Konstantinopel, Nestorius, blef den advocatus diaboli, som mot sin vilja mer än någon annan indirekt befrämjade dyrkandet af Maria som en gudaföderska.The Patriarch of Constantinople, Nestorius, became the advocatus diaboli who, more than anyone else, indirectly promoted the worship of Mary as a God-bearer, against his will.