# विश्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱিশ্ (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬶᬰ᭄ (Balinese script)
* বিশ্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰰𑰫𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀺𑀰𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ဝိၐ် (Burmese script)
* વિશ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਵਿਸ਼੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑌿𑌶𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦶꦯ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂱𑂬𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ವಿಶ್ (Kannada script)
* វិឝ៑ (Khmer script)
* ວິຨ຺ (Lao script)
* വിശ് (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᡳᡧ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘱𑘫𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠢᠱ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧒𑧋𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐶𑐱𑑂 (Newa script)
* ଵିଶ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢶꢯ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆴𑆯𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖰𑖫𑖿 (Siddham script)
* විශ් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩑𑩿 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚮𑚧𑚶 (Takri script)
* விஶ் (Tamil script)
* విశ్ (Telugu script)
* วิศฺ (Thai script)
* ཝི་ཤ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒱𑒬𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨁𑨮𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋíɕ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋiɕ/

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *wíṭṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wíćš, from Proto-Indo-European *wiḱs (“village, household”).
Cognate with Latin vīcus, Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos, “house”), Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍃 (weihs, “village, place”), Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬯 (vīs), Albanian vis (“place, land, country”).

#### Noun

विश् • (víś) stem, f
* settlement, house
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
* community, people, tribe
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
** c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
** c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
** c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa
* wealth
** c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa

##### Derived terms

* विश्पति (viśpáti, “chief of a settlement or tribe”)
* विश्य (viśyà)
* वैश्य (váiśya)

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ- (“to settle”), related to Etymology 1.

#### Alternative forms

* वेश् (veś)

#### Root

विश् • (viś)
* to enter, enter in or settle down on, go into, pervade
* to be absorbed into
* (astronomy) to come into conjunction with
* (with अग्निम्, ज्वलनम् etc.) to enter the fire (i.e. ascend the funeral pyre)
* (with अपस्) to sink or be immersed in the water
* to enter (a house etc.)
* to appear (on the stage)
* to go home or to rest
* to sit down upon
* to resort or betake one's self to
* (of rivers and armies etc.) to flow into (and join with)
* to flow or redound to, fall to the share of
* to occur to (as a thought)
* to befall, come to (as death)
* to belong to, exist for
* to fall or get into any state or condition
* to enter upon, undertake, begin
* to mind (any business), attend to

##### Derived terms
###### Primary Verbal Forms

* विशति (viśáti, Present)
* वेक्ष्यति (vekṣyáti, Future)
* वेष्टा (veṣṭā́, Periphrastic Future)
* अविक्षत् (ávikṣat, Aorist)
* अविष्ट (áviṣṭa, Aorist)
* अवेशीत् (áveśīt, Aorist)
* विश्यात् (viśyāt, Benedictive)
* विवेश (vivéśa, Perfect)

###### Secondary Forms

* विश्यते (viśyate, Passive)
* अवेशि (áveśi, Passive Aorist)
* वेशयति (veśáyati, Causative)
* अवीविशत् (ávīviśat, Causative Aorist)
* वेश्यते (veśyate, Passive of Causative)
* विविक्षति (vivikṣati, Desiderative)
* वेविश्यते (veviśyate, Intensive)
* वेवेष्टि (veveṣṭi, Intensive)

###### Non-Finite Forms

* विष्ट (viṣṭá, Past Participle)
* वेष्टुम् (veṣṭum, Infinitive)
* वेष्टवै (veṣṭavai, Infinitive)
* विशम् (víśam, Infinitive)
* विश्य (víśya, Gerund)
* वेष्टव्य (veṣṭavya, Gerundive)
* वेशयितव्य (veśayitavya, Causative Gerundive)
* विविक्षु (vivikṣu, Desiderative Participle)

###### Derived Nominal Forms

* विश् (víś)
* विशन (viśana)
* वेश (veśá)
* वेशन (véśana)
* वेशस् (veśás)
* वेशिन् (veśin)
* वेश्मन् (véśman)

###### Prefixed Root Forms

* अनुविश् (anuviś)
* आविश् (āviś)
* उपविश् (upaviś)
* निर्विश् (nirviś)
* निविश् (niviś)
* परिविश् (pariviś)
* प्रविश् (praviś)
* संविश् (saṃviś)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “विश्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 989, columns 1-2.
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “viś”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 561; 584