# 長壽
## Chinese

* 長壽 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 長壽區 (Cantonese)
* Tn̂g-siū-khu (Southern Min)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): chángshòu
       (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄕㄡˋ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): чоншу (čonšu, I-III)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng$^4$ sau$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhòng-su
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tn̂g-siū / tiông-siū / tiâng-siū
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ciang$^5$ siu$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chángshòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄕㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chángshòu
*** Wade–Giles: chʻang$^2$-shou$^4$
*** Yale: cháng-shòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charngshow
*** Palladius: чаншоу (čanšou)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$嘗受／尝受 長壽／长寿
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чоншу (čonšu, I-III)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²⁴ ʂou⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: coeng$^4$ sau$^6$
*** Yale: chèuhng sauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng$^4$ sau$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêng$^4$ seo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ sɐu̯²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòng-su
*** Hakka Romanization System: cong$^ˇ$ su
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cong$^2$ su$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹ su⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tn̂g-siū
*** Tâi-lô: tn̂g-siū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dngsiu
*** IPA (Taipei): /tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ siu³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² siu⁴¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tŋ̍²³⁻³³ siu³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tŋ̍¹³⁻²² siu²²/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² siu²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiông-siū
*** Tâi-lô: tiông-siū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diongsiu
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siu⁴¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ siu³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siu²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siu³³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiâng-siū
*** Tâi-lô: tiâng-siū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diangsiu
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ¹³⁻²² siu²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ciang$^5$ siu$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiâng siū
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiaŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siu¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: drjang dzyuwX|dzyuwH
Rime :
| Character | 長 | 壽 | 壽 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) | 常 (25) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 直良切 | 殖酉切 | 承呪切 |
| Baxter | drjang | dzyuwX | dzyuwH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖɨɐŋ/ | /d͡ʑɨu$^X$/ | /d͡ʑɨu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖiɐŋ/ | /d͡ʑiu$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiɑŋ/ | /d͡ʑiəu$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖɨaŋ/ | /d͡ʑuw$^X$/ | /d͡ʑuw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡiaŋ/ | /ʑiu$^X$/ | /ʑiu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡĭaŋ/ | /ʑĭəu$^X$/ | /ʑĭəu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯aŋ/ | /ʑi̯ə̯u$^X$/ | /ʑi̯ə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cháng | shòu | shòu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | coeng$^4$ | sau$^6$ | sau$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə-[N]-traŋ [N-t]uʔ|[N-t]uʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*daŋ djuʔ|djus/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 長 | 壽 | 壽 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | cháng | shòu | shòu |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ drjang › | ‹ dzyuw$^X$ › | ‹ dzyuw$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə-[N]-traŋ/ | /*[N-t]uʔ/ | /*[N-t]uʔ-s/ |
| English | long (adj.) | longevity | longevity |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 長 | 壽 | 壽 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 1276 | 11707 | 11709 |
| Phonetic component | 長 | 壽 | 壽 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 幽 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 長 | 受 | 授 |
| Old Chinese | /*daŋ/ | /*djuʔ/ | /*djus/ |

### Adjective

長壽
* long-lived; longevous

#### Synonyms

* 長命／长命 (chángmìng)
* (Hokkien) 長歲壽／长岁寿, 百歲壽／百岁寿

#### Derived terms

* 好人不長壽，禍害一千年／好人不长寿，祸害一千年
* 長壽麵／长寿面 (chángshòumiàn)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 長(ちょう)寿(じゅ) (chōju)
* → Korean: 장수(長壽) (jangsu)
* → Vietnamese: trường thọ (長壽)

### Proper noun

長壽
* (～區) Changshou (a district of Chongqing, China)
* (～鎮) Changshou (a town in Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)
* (～社區) Changshou (a residential community of Changshou, Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)
* (～村) Changshou (a village in Changshou, Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China)
* (historical) various era names from 692–694 and 769–779