# 卑しむ
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 卑
* いや Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 卑しむ (kyūjitai) 賤しむ

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いやしむ [ìyáshíꜜmù] (Nakadaka – [3])
* (Tokyo) いやしむ [ìyáshímú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ija̠ɕimɯ̟]

### Verb

卑(いや)しむ • (iyashimu) transitive godan (stem 卑(いや)しみ (iyashimi), past 卑(いや)しんだ (iyashinda))
* Synonym of 卑しめる

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 卑しま | いやしま | iyashima |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 卑しみ | いやしみ | iyashimi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 卑しむ | いやしむ | iyashimu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 卑しむ | いやしむ | iyashimu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 卑しめ | いやしめ | iyashime |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 卑しめ | いやしめ | iyashime |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 卑しまれる | いやしまれる | iyashimareru |
| Causative | 卑しませる 卑します | いやしませる いやします | iyashimaseru iyashimasu |
| Potential | 卑しめる | いやしめる | iyashimeru |
| Volitional | 卑しもう | いやしもう | iyashimō |
| Negative | 卑しまない | いやしまない | iyashimanai |
| Negative continuative | 卑しまず | いやしまず | iyashimazu |
| Formal | 卑しみます | いやしみます | iyashimimasu |
| Perfective | 卑しんだ | いやしんだ | iyashinda |
| Conjunctive | 卑しんで | いやしんで | iyashinde |
| Hypothetical conditional | 卑しめば | いやしめば | iyashimeba |
Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 卑しま | いやしま | iyasima |
| Continuative (連用形) | 卑しみ | いやしみ | iyasimi |
| Terminal (終止形) | 卑しむ | いやしむ | iyasimu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 卑しむ | いやしむ | iyasimu |
| Realis (已然形) | 卑しめ | いやしめ | iyasime |
| Imperative (命令形) | 卑しめ | いやしめ | iyasime |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 卑しまず | いやしまず | iyasimazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 卑しめど | いやしめど | iyasimedo |
| Causal conjunction | 卑しめば | いやしめば | iyasimeba |
| Conditional conjunction | 卑しまば | いやしまば | iyasimaba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 卑しみき | いやしみき | iyasimiki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 卑しみけり | いやしみけり | iyasimikeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 卑しみつ | いやしみつ | iyasimitu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 卑しみぬ | いやしみぬ | iyasiminu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 卑しめり 卑しみたり | いやしめり いやしみたり | iyasimeri iyasimitari |
| Volitional | 卑しまむ | いやしまむ | iyasimamu |
Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 卑しめ | いやしめ | iyasime |
| Continuative (連用形) | 卑しめ | いやしめ | iyasime |
| Terminal (終止形) | 卑しむ | いやしむ | iyasimu |
| Attributive (連体形) | 卑しむる | いやしむる | iyasimuru |
| Realis (已然形) | 卑しむれ | いやしむれ | iyasimure |
| Imperative (命令形) | 卑しめよ | いやしめよ | iyasimeyo |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 卑しめず | いやしめず | iyasimezu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 卑しむれど | いやしむれど | iyasimuredo |
| Causal conjunction | 卑しむれば | いやしむれば | iyasimureba |
| Conditional conjunction | 卑しめば | いやしめば | iyasimeba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 卑しめき | いやしめき | iyasimeki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 卑しめけり | いやしめけり | iyasimekeri |
| Perfect tense (conscious action) | 卑しめつ | いやしめつ | iyasimetu |
| Perfect tense (natural event) | 卑しめぬ | いやしめぬ | iyasimenu |
| Perfect-continuative tense | 卑しめたり | いやしめたり | iyasimetari |
| Volitional | 卑しめむ | いやしめむ | iyasimemu |

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN