OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# fourth wall
## English
### Alternative forms

* fourth-wall, 4th wall

### Etymology

A reference to the three walls of a box set, with the fourth wall being the imaginary wall separating the performers from the audience. Coined by philosopher and art critic Denis Diderot in 1758 and thus a calque of French quatrième mur.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Noun

fourth wall (plural fourth walls)
* (performing arts, idiomatic) The imaginary invisible wall at the front of the stage in a proscenium theatre, through which the audience sees the action in the world of the play.
** 1916 February 20, “Second Thoughts on First Nights”, in New York Times, page X7:This is a flat, unnecessary, and strangely disturbing denial of the fourth-wall convention, that unwritten agreement between playwright and playgoer whereby you think of yourself at the theatre as a privileged, exonerated, comfortably seated eavesdropper.
** 2005 August 31, Philip Kennicott, “Our Aura of Security, Shattered Like Glass”, in Washington Post, page C01:There's been a convention in the theater world to think of the division between audience and spectacle as a fourth wall, a wall that the playwright tries to eliminate through the force of his drama.
* (by extension) The boundary between the fiction and the audience.
** 1999, Orson Scott Card, (Please provide the book title or journal name):Even though you, the author, may be maintaining a fourth wall between your characters and your readers, he, the narrator, is not keeping that fourth wall between himself and the audience he thinks he's telling the story to.
** 2003, Robert Keith Sawyer, Improvised Dialogues: Emergence and Creativity in Conversation, page 107:The fourth wall is the imaginary barrier between the stage and the audience, and the phrase is a metaphor for the dramatic frame.
** 2003, Cathy Haase, Acting for Film, page 92:As actors, we are still looking out into the imaginary fourth wall. The difference is that in film, the fourth wall is no longer fixed;
** 2004, Diana Fuss, The Sense of an Interior: Four Writers and the Rooms that Shaped Them, page 207:... removes the fourth wall of the nineteenth-century novel and, in doing so, eliminates the border between a fictional inside and a nonfictional outside.
** 2005, Chris Crawford, Chris Crawford on Interactive Storytelling, page 208:I've saved the worst for last. The crudest scheme is to drop the fourth wall and advise players as to actions that are inhibiting

#### Derived terms

* fourth wall joke
* break the fourth wall

#### Translations
### References

* ↑ J A Cuddon (2012) Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN
# natiolect
## English
### Etymology

From natio(n) +‎ -lect. The first component is from Latin nātiōn(em), with the second abbreviated from dialect, from Ancient Greek. Coined by Godelieve Laureys in 1997.

### Noun

natiolect (plural natiolects)
* A national standard variety of a language spoken in more than one region.

### References

* ↑ Van Keymeulen, J. (2016 December 30) “Dialect lexicography”, in International Handbook of Modern Lexis and Lexicography‎, Berlin: Springer: “Laureys (1997) coined the useful term natiolect for “a national standard of a language that is spoken in more than one state.” Natiolects exist all over the world, e.g., Belgian Dutch, Austrian German ...”

### Anagrams

* actionlet, ticlatone
# ritalin
## English
### Etymology

From Rita +‎ -lin. Coined by chemist Leandro Panizzon, who synthesized it. Named after Marguerite Panizzon, wife of Leandro. Ritalin, a trade name from the 1940s. Genericization of the trademark.

### Proper noun

ritalin (uncountable)
* (pharmacology) methylphenidate, used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

#### Derived terms

* ritalinic

#### Related terms

* ritalinic acid

### Anagrams

* trailin'
# Verneshot
## English
### Alternative forms

* verneshot

### Etymology

From Verne +‎ shot. Coined by geophysicist Jason Phipps Morgan. Named after French author Jules Verne, who wrote about a projectile escaping Earth's gravity (in the novel From the Earth to the Moon), which Morgan connected to his idea of an eruption launching material into a suborbital trajectory.

### Noun

Verneshot (plural Verneshots)
* (volcanology) A hypothetical volcanic eruption event, caused by a buildup of gas, which launches material from the crust and mantle into a suborbital trajectory, leading to further damage as it crashes back to the surface.
** 2005, Andy Turnbull, We Need to Talk about the future of Canada, →ISBN, page 43:They suggest that the Chicxulub crater — generally believed to be evidence of a meteorite impact that killed the dinosaurs — was actually caused by debris from a “Verneshot” explosion in India, and […]
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Verneshot.
# acebolaste
## Portuguese
### Verb

acebolaste
* second-person singular preterite indicative of acebolar
# acebolasses
## Portuguese
### Verb

acebolasses
* second-person singular imperfect subjunctive of acebolar
# acebolávamos
## Portuguese
### Verb

acebolávamos
* first-person plural imperfect indicative of acebolar
# ngharreg
## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA: /ˈŋ̊arɛɡ/
** (North Wales, colloquial) IPA: /ˈŋ̊araɡ/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈŋ̊arɛɡ/

### Noun

ngharreg
* Nasal mutation of carreg (“stone”).
# aceboláreis
## Portuguese
### Verb

aceboláreis
* second-person plural pluperfect indicative of acebolar
# acebolam
## Portuguese
### Verb

acebolam
* third-person plural present indicative of acebolar
# עקרב
## Hebrew
### Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ʕaḳrab-. Compare Arabic عَقْرَب (ʕaqrab) and Classical Syriac ܥܩܪܒܐ (ʿeqarbā).

### Pronunciation

* (Biblical Hebrew) IPA: /ʕaqˈraːb/
* (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA: /ʕaqˈrɔːv/, [ʕaqˈʀɔː.ɔv]
* (Yemenite Hebrew) IPA: /ʕaqˈrɔv/, [ʕaqˈrɔːv]
* (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA: /akˈʁav/, (backformed from the plural also) /akˈʁab/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

עַקְרָב • (akráv) m (plural indefinite עַקְרַבִּים, singular construct עַקְרַב־, plural construct עַקְרַבֵּי־)
* scorpion

#### Declension

| Number | Isolated forms | Isolated forms | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns | With possessive pronouns |
| Number | State | Form | Person | singular | singular | plural | plural |
| Number | State | Form | Person | m. | f. | m. | f. |
| singular | indefinite | עַקְרָב | first | עַקְרַבִּי | עַקְרַבִּי | עַקְרַבֵּנוּ | עַקְרַבֵּנוּ |
| singular | definite | הָעַקְרָב | second | עַקְרַבְּךָ | עַקְרַבֵּךְ | עַקְרַבְּכֶם | עַקְרַבְּכֶן |
| singular | construct | עַקְרַב־ | third | עַקְרַבּוֹ | עַקְרַבָּהּ | עַקְרַבָּם | עַקְרַבָּן |
| plural | indefinite | עַקְרַבִּים | first | עקרביי / עַקְרַבַּי | עקרביי / עַקְרַבַּי | עַקְרַבֵּינוּ | עַקְרַבֵּינוּ |
| plural | definite | הָעַקְרַבִּים | second | עַקְרַבֶּיךָ | עקרבייך / עַקְרַבַּיִךְ | עַקְרַבֵּיכֶם | עַקְרַבֵּיכֶן |
| plural | construct | עַקְרַבֵּי־ | third | עַקְרַבָּיו | עַקְרַבֶּיהָ | עַקְרַבֵּיהֶם | עַקְרַבֵּיהֶן |

### Proper noun

עַקְרָב • (akráv) m
* (astronomy) Scorpio (Scorpius)
* (astrology) Scorpio (the zodiac sign for the scorpion, ruled by Mars and covering October 23 - November 22 (tropical astrology) or November 16 - December 15 (sidereal astrology))

### See also

Zodiac signs in Hebrew (layout · text) :
| טָלֶה (Talé) | שׁוֹר (Shor) | תְּאוֹמִים (Te'omim) | סַרְטָן (Sartan) |
| אַרְיֵה (Aryé) | בְּתוּלָה (Betulá) | מאזניים (Moznayim) | עַקְרָב (Akrav) |
| קַשָּׁת (Kashat) | גְּדִי (Gdi) | דְּלִי (Dli) | דָּגִים (Dagim) |
# nghloddiau
## Welsh
### Noun

nghloddiau
* Nasal mutation of cloddiau.
# kitnets
## Portuguese
### Noun

kitnets
* plural of kitnet
# Bada
## Jamamadí
### Proper noun

Bada
* (Banawá) a unisex given name

### References

* 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
# badà
## Catalan
### Verb

badà
* third-person singular preterite indicative of badar
# anghenus
## Welsh
### Etymology

From angen +‎ -us.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /aŋˈhɛnɨ̞s/
* (South Wales) IPA: /aŋˈheːnɪs/, /aŋˈhɛnɪs/

### Adjective

anghenus (feminine singular anghenus, plural anghenus, equative mor anghenus, comparative mwy anghenus, superlative mwyaf anghenus)
* needy, poor, destitute
    Synonyms: tlawd, llwm
# angheuol
## Welsh
### Etymology

From angau (“death”) +‎ -ol.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /aŋˈheɨ̯ɔl/
* (South Wales) IPA: /aŋˈhei̯ɔl/

### Adjective

angheuol (feminine singular angheuol, plural angheuol, equative mor angheuol, comparative mwy angheuol, superlative mwyaf angheuol)
* deadly, fatal
    Synonyms: marwol, lladdol
# bəq
## Judeo-Tat
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bæɢ/

### Noun

bəq
* frog

## Tat
### Etymology

Cognate with Northern Kurdish beq.

### Noun

bəq
* frog
# zwładać
## Polish
### Etymology

From z- +‎ władać.

### Pronunciation

* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈzvwa.dat͡ɕ/

### Verb

zwładać pf
* (transitive, Far Masovian) Synonym of wykonać
    Zeby mu co jako wymyśleć takiego, zeby ón nie móg zwładać. ― If he had come up with something as this, he couldn't carry it out.

### Further reading

* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “zwładać”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 126
# arhosaf
## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /arˈhɔsav/

### Verb

arhosaf
* first-person singular present indicative/future of aros
# wng
## Welsh
### Alternative forms

* wnc

### Etymology

From Middle Welsh wg (“near, nigh”), alternative form of wnc, from Proto-Brythonic *unk, from Proto-Celtic *onkos (“near”) (whence Old Irish oc (“at”)).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʊŋ/

### Noun

wng m (plural yngon)
* (obsolete) closeness, nearness

### Adjective

wng (obsolete)
* close, near
* straight

#### Synonyms

* (close): wnc

### Adverb

wng
* (obsolete) here

#### Synonyms

* wnc

#### Antonyms

* wncw
* wnco

### Preposition

wng
* (obsolete) near, nigh

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “wng”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
* Owen Pughe, W. (1832) A Dictionary of the Welsh Language, Explained in English, volume 2, Denbigh: Thomas Gee, page 611
# thresher
## English
### Etymology

From Middle English thresshere; equivalent to thresh +‎ -er. The shark's tail is thought to resemble the implement.
* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!

### Pronunciation

* (UK) IPA: /ˈθɹɛʃə(ɹ)/
* Rhymes: -ɛʃə(ɹ)

### Noun

thresher (plural threshers)
* (agriculture) Anything or anyone that threshes.
* (agriculture, historical) A now-obsolete hand tool for threshing, also called a flail.
* (agriculture) A modern farm machine for threshing grain, now a part of combine harvesters rather than a separate implement.
* (zoology) Short for thresher shark. [from 1880s]

#### Derived terms

* harvester-thresher
* thresherman
* thresher whale

#### Related terms

* threshing
* thresh

#### Translations
### See also

* Threshing machine on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Thresher shark on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Alopias on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
# bàq
## Wolof
### Noun

bàq (definite form bàq gi)
* stomach
    Synonym: biir
# ڈینے
## Punjabi
### Noun

ڈَیݨے • (ḍaiṇe)
* inflection of ڈَیݨ (ḍaiṇ, “witch; hag; sorceress”):
** vocative singular
** instrumental plural
# ڈینو
## Punjabi
### Noun

ڈَیݨو • (ḍaiṇo)
* vocative plural of ڈَیݨ (ḍaiṇ, “witch; hag; sorceress”)
# uyarılma
## Turkish
### Noun

uyarılma (definite accusative uyarılmayı, plural uyarılmalar)
* verbal noun of uyarılmak; stimulation

#### Declension
### Verb

uyarılma
* second-person singular negative imperative of uyarılmak

#### Further reading

* “uyarılma”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
# オトギリソウ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of オトギリソウ – see the following entry. :
| 【弟切草おとぎりそう】 | [noun] Hypericum erectum |
(This term, オトギリソウ (otogirisō), is the katakana spelling of the above term.) :
# carbònici
## Venetan
### Adjective

carbònici m
* masculine plural of carbònico
# famùsa
## Venetan
### Adjective

famùsa
* feminine singular of famùso
# autonominereste
## Italian
### Verb

autonominereste
* second-person plural conditional of autonominarsi
# dwitahunan
## Indonesian
### Etymology

From dwi- +‎ tahunan.

### Adjective

dwitahunan
* biennial
# pseudocidal
## English
### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

pseudocidal (comparative more pseudocidal, superlative most pseudocidal)
* Of or relating to pseudocide.
# 亂頭髮
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$loe-deu-faq
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$loe-deu-faq
*** MiniDict: loe$^去$ deu fah
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$loe-deu-faq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lø²² dɤ⁵⁵ faʔ²¹/

### Noun

亂頭髮
* (Wu) scutigeromorph

#### Synonyms

* 蚰蜒 (yóuyán)
* (Hakka) 瓦蟲仔／瓦虫仔, 瓦蟲／瓦虫
* (Wu) 軋手／轧手
# 仕舞
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 仕 | 舞 |
| し Grade: 3 | まい Grade: S |
| kan'on | kun'yomi |

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕima̠i]

### Etymology 1

Attested from at least the 15th century. Superficially of 仕(し) (shi, “do”) + 舞(まい) (mai, “dance”). Compare 舞(ま)う (mau, “to dance”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

仕(し)舞(まい) • (shimai)
* (noh) a performance of noh dancing
* (noh) [from 16th century] an informal noh performance without accompanying music or costumes

##### Usage notes

An informal 仕舞 performance is usually performed by one, or occasionally two persons. Such performances often consist of extracts from larger pieces, but some are short pieces performed in their entirety. The performers do not wear masks or typical noh costumes, instead wearing kimono.

##### See also

* 能(のう) (nō, “noh”)
* 舞(まい)囃(ばや)子(し) (maibayashi, “informal noh performance with music”)
* 小(こ)舞(まい) (komai, “informal kyogen performance”)

### Etymology 2

See しまい.

#### Noun

仕(し)舞(まい) • (shimai)
* Alternative form of しまい (“the end, finish”)
** 1891, “Ko ran: shiro tsuyu”, in Jogaku Zasshi, volume 306, page 773:
    それからペアを恵(めぐ)み玉(たま)へ、イエスの名(な)によりて、アーメン、…サア御(お)仕(し)舞(まい)です。
       Sore kara pea o megumi tama e, Iesu no na ni yorite, āmen,… sā o-shimai desu.
       Then the pair says grace for the gifts, in Jesus’ name, Amen... and, that’s the end.

### References

* ↑ “仕舞”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
# 代售
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàishòu
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ ㄕㄡˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): doi$^6$ sau$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàishòu
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ ㄕㄡˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàishòu
*** Wade–Giles: tai$^4$-shou$^4$
*** Yale: dài-shòu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dayshow
*** Palladius: дайшоу (dajšou)
*** Sinological IPA : /taɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: doi$^6$ sau$^6$
*** Yale: doih sauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: doi$^6$ sau$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: doi$^6$ seo$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɔːi̯²² sɐu̯²²/

### Verb

代售
* to be commissioned to sell
# 中農
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhōngnóng
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ ㄋㄨㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zung$^1$ nung$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhōngnóng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ ㄋㄨㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhongnóng
*** Wade–Giles: chung$^1$-nung$^2$
*** Yale: jūng-núng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jongnong
*** Palladius: чжуннун (čžunnun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ nʊŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zung$^1$ nung$^4$
*** Yale: jūng nùhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzung$^1$ nung$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zung$^1$ nung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ nʊŋ²¹/

### Noun

中農
* middle peasant (peasant whose economic status is between the rich peasant and the poor peasant, mostly owning land and some means of production, and generally living on one's own labor without exploiting or selling labor to others)
    From: 1927, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《湖南農民運動考察報告》 (Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition
    Nóngmín zhōng yǒu fùnóng, zhōngnóng, pínnóng sān zhǒng. [Pinyin]
    There are three kinds of peasants, the rich, the middle and the poor peasants.
* (historical) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
# 中退
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 中 | 退 |
| ちゅう Grade: 1 | たい Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

中(ちゅう)退(たい) • (chūtai)
* dropping out of school

### Verb

中(ちゅう)退(たい)する • (chūtai suru) suru (stem 中(ちゅう)退(たい)し (chūtai shi), past 中(ちゅう)退(たい)した (chūtai shita))
* drop out of school

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 中退し | ちゅうたいし | chūtai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 中退し | ちゅうたいし | chūtai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 中退する | ちゅうたいする | chūtai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 中退する | ちゅうたいする | chūtai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 中退すれ | ちゅうたいすれ | chūtai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 中退せよ¹ 中退しろ² | ちゅうたいせよ¹ ちゅうたいしろ² | chūtai seyo¹ chūtai shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 中退される | ちゅうたいされる | chūtai sareru |
| Causative | 中退させる 中退さす | ちゅうたいさせる ちゅうたいさす | chūtai saseru chūtai sasu |
| Potential | 中退できる | ちゅうたいできる | chūtai dekiru |
| Volitional | 中退しよう | ちゅうたいしよう | chūtai shiyō |
| Negative | 中退しない | ちゅうたいしない | chūtai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 中退せず | ちゅうたいせず | chūtai sezu |
| Formal | 中退します | ちゅうたいします | chūtai shimasu |
| Perfective | 中退した | ちゅうたいした | chūtai shita |
| Conjunctive | 中退して | ちゅうたいして | chūtai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 中退すれば | ちゅうたいすれば | chūtai sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||
# 交换文件
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 交换文件 – see 交換文件 (“swap file”). (This term is the simplified form of 交換文件).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 交换生
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 交换生 – see 交換生 (“exchange student”). (This term is the simplified form of 交換生).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 丹絨
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 丹絨 – see 丹戎. (This term is a variant form of 丹戎).
# 以为
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 以为 – see 以為 (“to mistakenly believe; to be under the impression; to have thought that; to assume; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 以為).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 他條
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): taa$^1$ tiu$^4$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taa$^1$ tiu$^4$
*** Yale: tā tìuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taa$^1$ tiu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ta$^1$ tiu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaː⁵⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹/

### Adjective

他條
* (Cantonese) relaxed; carefree; calm; unhurried
       zung$^6$ jau$^5$ jat$^1$ go$^3$ zi$^6$ zau$^6$ jiu$^3$ ceot$^1$ mun$^4$ hau$^2$ laa$^3$. nei$^5$ saam$^1$ dou$^1$ mei$^6$ wun$^6$, zung$^6$ ho$^2$ ji$^5$ gam$^3$ taa$^1$ tiu$^4$ ge$^2$? [Jyutping]
       You're supposed to leave home in five minutes, but you haven't even changed. How could you still be so relaxed?

#### Derived terms

* 他他條條／他他条条
# 会同
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 会同 – see 會同 (“to coordinate jointly; to join forces; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 會同).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 会员制
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 会员制 – see 會員制 (“membership system”). (This term is the simplified form of 會員制).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 伊麗莎白
## Chinese

| | | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic |
| trad. (伊麗莎白) | trad. (伊麗莎白) | 伊 | 麗 | 莎 | 白 |
| simp. (伊丽莎白) | simp. (伊丽莎白) | 伊 | 丽 | 莎 | 白 |

### Etymology

Borrowed from English Elizabeth.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Yīlìshābái
    (Zhuyin): ㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄚ ㄅㄞˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ji$^1$ lai$^6$ saa$^1$ baak$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Yīlìshābái
*** Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄚ ㄅㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Yilìshabái
*** Wade–Giles: I$^1$-li$^4$-sha$^1$-pai$^2$
*** Yale: Yī-lì-shā-bái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ilihshabair
*** Palladius: Илишабай (Ilišabaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵⁵ li⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵ paɪ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^1$ lai$^6$ saa$^1$ baak$^6$
*** Yale: yī laih sā baahk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^1$ lai$^6$ saa$^1$ baak$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^1$ lei$^6$ sa$^1$ bag$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː⁵⁵ lɐi̯²² saː⁵⁵ paːk̚²/

### Proper noun

伊麗莎白
* A transliteration of the English female given name Elizabeth or Elspeth
    伊麗莎白二世／伊丽莎白二世 ― Yīlìshābái èrshì ― Elizabeth II
* A transliteration of the Russian female given name Елизавета (Jelizaveta)
* A transliteration of the Romanian female given name Elisabeta

#### Derived terms

* 伊麗莎白項圈／伊丽莎白项圈 (Yīlìshābái xiàngquān)

### References

* Proper Names And Translation Service, Xinhua News Agency, editor (1993), “Elizabeth 伊丽莎白”, in 世界人名翻译大辞典 [Names of The Worlds Peoples: A comprehensive dictionary of names in Roman-Chinese] (in Chinese), Beijing: China Translation & Publishing Corporation, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 858.
# 伊麗莎白項圈
## Chinese

| | | | neckband; necklet; choker |
| trad. (伊麗莎白項圈) | trad. (伊麗莎白項圈) | 伊麗莎白 | 項圈 |
| simp. (伊丽莎白项圈) | simp. (伊丽莎白项圈) | 伊丽莎白 | 项圈 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Yīlìshābái xiàngquān
    (Zhuyin): ㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄚ ㄅㄞˊ ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄑㄩㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Yīlìshābái xiàngquān
*** Zhuyin: ㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄚ ㄅㄞˊ ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄑㄩㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Yilìshabái siàngcyuan
*** Wade–Giles: I$^1$-li$^4$-sha$^1$-pai$^2$ hsiang$^4$-chʻüan$^1$
*** Yale: Yī-lì-shā-bái syàng-chywān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ilihshabair shianqchiuan
*** Palladius: Илишабай сянцюань (Ilišabaj sjancjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /i⁵⁵ li⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵ paɪ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

### Noun

伊麗莎白項圈
* Elizabethan collar (protective medical device)
# 九曲十八弯
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 九曲十八弯 – see 九曲十八彎 (“tortuous; full of bends”). (This term is the simplified form of 九曲十八彎).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 九月重陽
## Chinese

| | | September; The modern name for the ninth month of the Chinese lunar calendar. | Double Ninth Festival |
| trad. (九月重陽) | trad. (九月重陽) | 九月 | 重陽 |
| simp. (九月重阳) | simp. (九月重阳) | 九月 | 重阳 |

### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Káu-gēr-tiông-iông / Káu-goe̍h-tiông-iông
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Sanxia)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Káu-gēr-tiông-iông
*** Tâi-lô: Káu-gēr-tiông-iông
** (Hokkien: Taichung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Káu-goe̍h-tiông-iông
*** Tâi-lô: Káu-gue̍h-tiông-iông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaw'goeqdiong'ioong

### Proper noun

九月重陽
* (Sanxia and Taichung Hokkien) Double Ninth Festival

#### Synonyms

* 九重陽／九重阳 (Puxian Min)
* 重陽／重阳 (Chóngyáng)
* 重陽日／重阳日 (Chóngyángrì) (literary)
* 重陽節／重阳节 (Chóngyángjié)
# 传看
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 传看 – see 傳看 (“to pass round or circulate for perusal”). (This term is the simplified form of 傳看).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.