# archaeology
## English

Wikiversity

### Alternative forms

* archæology (Commonwealth, archaic)
* archeology (American spelling)

### Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀρχαιολογία (arkhaiología, “antiquarian lore, ancient legends, history”), from ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos, “primal, old, ancient”) + λόγος (lógos, “speech, oration, study”). By surface analysis, archaeo- +‎ -logy.

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌɑː.kiˈɒ.lə.d͡ʒi/
* (General American) IPA: /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -ɒlədʒi
* Hyphenation: ar‧chae‧o‧lo‧gy

### Noun

archaeology (countable and uncountable, plural archaeologies)
* The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains.
** 1997, Chris Horrocks, Introducing Foucault, Totem Books, Icon Books, →ISBN, pages 36,$^{{1}}$ 63,$^{{2}}$ and 64$^{{3}}$:$^{{1}}$ He first presented a complementary thesis on the Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), in which he used the term “archaeology” for the first time, and which indicated the period of history to which he was constantly to return. $^{{2}}$ The latent grid of knowledge which organizes every scientific discourse and defines what can or cannot be thought scientifically — the process of uncovering these levels Foucault calls 'archaeology'. $^{{3}}$ “Archaeology”, as the investigation of that which renders necessary a certain form of thought, implies an excavation of unconsciously organized sediments of thought. Unlike a history of ideas, it doesn’t assume that knowledge accumulates towards any historical conclusion. Archaeology ignores individuals and their histories. It prefers to excavate impersonal structures of knowledge. Archaeology is a task that doesn’t consist of treating discourse as signs referring to a real content like madness. It treats discourses, such as medicine, as practices that form the objects of which they speak.
** The actual excavation, examination, analysis, and interpretation.
    The building's developers have asked for some archaeology to be undertaken.
** The actual remains together with their location in the stratigraphy.
    The archaeology will tell us which methods of burial were used by the Ancient Greeks.
** The academic subject; in the USA: one of the four sub-disciplines of anthropology.
    She studied archaeology at Edinburgh University.

#### Hypernyms

* humanities

#### Hyponyms

* alternative archaeology
* bioarchaeology
* cult archaeology
* dendroarchaeology
* ethnoarchaeology
* field archaeology
* geoarchaeology
* maritime archaeology
* media archaeology
* osteoarchaeology
* xenoarchaeology
* zooarchaeology

#### Derived terms

* archaeologic
* archaeological
* archaeologist
* astroarchaeology
* dendroarchaeology
* ethnoarchaeology
* exoarchaeology
* geoarchaeology
* hydroarchaeology
* ichthyoarchaeology
* maritime archaeology
* microarchaeology
* pseudoarchaeology
* software archaeology
* xenoarchaeology
* zooarchaeology

#### Related terms

* archaic
* archaism

#### Translations
### Further reading

* “archaeology”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
* “archaeology”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
* “archaeology”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.