# धीर
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit धीर (dhīra).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /d̪ʱiːɾ/
* Rhymes: -iːɾ

### Adjective

धीर • (dhīr)
* steadfast, resolute; bold

### References

* Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “धीर”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
* “धीर”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “धीर”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “धीर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Platts, John T. (1884) “धीर”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* dhīra (Latin script)
* 𑀥𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* ধীর (Bengali script)
* ධීර (Sinhalese script)
* ဓီရ or ဓဳရ or ꩪီရ (Burmese script)
* ธีร or ธีระ (Thai script)
* ᨵᩦᩁ (Tai Tham script)
* ຘີຣ or ຘີຣະ (Lao script)
* ធីរ (Khmer script)
* 𑄙𑄩𑄢 (Chakma script)

### Adjective

धीर
* Devanagari script form of dhīra (“wise; firm”)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ধীৰ (Assamese script)
* ᬥᬷᬭ (Balinese script)
* ধীর (Bengali script)
* 𑰠𑰱𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀥𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* ဓီရ (Burmese script)
* ધીર (Gujarati script)
* ਧੀਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌧𑍀𑌰 (Grantha script)
* ꦣꦷꦫ (Javanese script)
* 𑂡𑂲𑂩 (Kaithi script)
* ಧೀರ (Kannada script)
* ធីរ (Khmer script)
* ຘີຣ (Lao script)
* ധീര (Malayalam script)
* ᢡᡳᡳᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘠𑘲𑘨 (Modi script)
* ᢑᠾᠢᠢᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧀𑧓𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐢𑐷𑐬 (Newa script)
* ଧୀର (Odia script)
* ꢤꢷꢬ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆣𑆵𑆫 (Sharada script)
* 𑖠𑖱𑖨 (Siddham script)
* ධීර (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩮𑩑𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚜𑚯𑚤 (Takri script)
* தீ⁴ர (Tamil script)
* ధీర (Telugu script)
* ธีร (Thai script)
* དྷཱི་ར (Tibetan script)
* 𑒡𑒲𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨜𑨁𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /dʱíː.ɾɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈd̪ʱiː.ɾɐ/

### Etymology 1

From the root धी (dhī, “to perceive, think”). Later meanings "steady, etc." influenced by the root धृ (dhṛ, “to hold, to be firm”).

#### Adjective

धीर • (dhī́ra) stem
* intelligent, wise, skillful, clever
** (Can we date this quote?), The Buddha, Dhammapada(pāḷi) (subsequently translated from Pali to Sanskrit), Appamādavaɡɡa, page 32; republished in The Eighteenth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Khuddaka-Nikāya‎, Colombo, 2009:8. ප්‍රමාදමප්‍රමාදෙන යදා නුදති පණ‍්ඩිතඃ ප්‍රඥාප්‍රසාදමාරුහ්‍ය ත්‍වශොකඃ ශොකිනීං ප්‍රජාම් පර්‍වතස‍්ථ ඉව භූමිෂ‍්ඨාන් ධීරො බාලානවෙක්‍ෂතෙ8 Pramādamapramādena yadā nudati paṇḍitaḥ Prajñāprasādamāruhya tvaśokaḥ śokinīṃ prajām Parvatastha iva bhūmiṣṭhān dhīro bālānavekṣate8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence, having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free then behold this generation of sorrow, as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools below.(literally, “8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence, having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free then behold this generation of sorrow, as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools on the ground.”)(Wiktionary translation adapted from translation of the Pali by Ajahn Sujato.)
* steady, constant, firm, resolute, brave, energetic, courageous, self-possessed, composed, calm, grave
* deep, low, dull (as sound)
* gentle, soft
* well-conducted, well-bred

##### Descendants

* Punjabi: ਧੀਰਾ (dhīrā)

### Etymology 2

From 'Etymology 1' (the ocean as an image of constancy)?

#### Noun

धीर • (dhī́ra) stem, m
* the ocean, sea
* name of बलि (bali)

##### Declension
### Etymology 3
#### Noun

धीर • (dhīra) stem, n
* saffron

##### Declension
### References

* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “DHAY$^I$²”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 777
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “dhīra-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 278
* Monier Williams (1899) “धीर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 517, column 1.
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “dhīra”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.