# ⳉⲱⳉ
## Coptic
### Etymology 1
#### Alternative forms

* ϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ (šoušou) — Sahidic
* ϣⲱϣ (šōš) — Bohairic, Fayyumic, Sahidic

#### Verb

ⳉⲱⳉ • (xōx)
* (Akhmimic, intransitive) to scatter, spread

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⳉⲱⳉ xōx | imperative | affirmative | ⳉⲱⳉ xōx |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ tm̄xōx, tm̄n̄xōx | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄n̄xōx |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⳉⲱⳉ tixōx | ⲕⳉⲱⳉ kxōx | ⲧⲉⳉⲱⳉ texōx | ϥⳉⲱⳉ fxōx | ⲥⳉⲱⳉ sxōx | ⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ tn̄xōx | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ tetn̄xōx | ⲥⲉⳉⲱⳉ sexōx | ⳉⲱⳉ xōx |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ eïxōx | ⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ ekxōx | ⲉⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ erexōx | ⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ efxōx | ⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ esxōx | ⲉⲛⳉⲱⳉ enxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etetn̄xōx | ⲉⲩⳉⲱⳉ euxōx | ⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ e- xōx, ere- xōx |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⳉⲱⳉ etixōx | ⲉⲧⲕⳉⲱⳉ etkxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ etexōx, eterexōx | ⲉⲧϥⳉⲱⳉ etfxōx | ⲉⲧⲥⳉⲱⳉ etsxōx | ⲉⲧⲛⳉⲱⳉ etnxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etetn̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ etouxōx | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ ete- xōx, etere- xōx |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ naïxōx | ⲛⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ nakxōx | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ narexōx | ⲛⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ nafxōx | ⲛⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ nasxōx | ⲛⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ nanxōx | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ natetn̄xōx | ⲛⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ nauxōx | ⲛⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ na- xōx, nare- xōx |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⳉⲱⳉ aixōx | ⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ akxōx | ⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ arexōx | ⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ afxōx | ⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ asxōx | ⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ anxōx | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⳉⲱⳉ aretenxōx | ⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ auxōx | ⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲁⲣ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ a- xōx, ar- xōx, are- xōx |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ tinaxōx | ⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ knaxōx | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ tenaxōx | ϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ fnaxōx | ⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ snaxōx | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ tn̄naxōx | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ tetnaxōx | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ senaxōx | ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ naxōx |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ eïnaxōx | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ eknaxōx | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ erenaxōx | ⲉϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ efnaxōx | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ esnaxōx | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ ennaxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ etetnaxōx | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ eunaxōx | ⲉ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ e- naxōx |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ etinaxōx | ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ etknaxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ etenaxōx, eterenaxōx | ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ etfnaxōx | ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ etsnaxōx | ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ etnnaxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ etetnaxōx | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ etounaxōx | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ ete- naxōx |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ naïnaxōx | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ naknaxōx | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ narenaxōx | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ nafnaxōx | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ nasnaxōx | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ nannaxōx | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ netetnaxōx | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ naunaxōx | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ na- naxōx |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ ainaxōx | ⲁⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ aknaxōx, eknaxōx | ⲁⲣⲁⳉⲱⳉ araxōx | ⲁϥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ afnaxōx | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ asnaxōx | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ annaxōx | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ aretennaxōx | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ aunaxōx | ⲁ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ a- naxōx, are- naxōx |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ aïxōx | ⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ akxōx | ⲁⲣⳉⲱⳉ arxōx | ⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ afxōx | ⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ asxōx | ⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ anxōx | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ atetn̄xōx | ⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ auxōx | ⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ a- xōx |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⳉⲱⳉ m̄pixōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄pk̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⳉⲱⳉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄pexōx, m̄pr̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄pf̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄ps̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄pn̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄petn̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ m̄pouxōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ m̄pe- xōx |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ eaïxōx | ⲉⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ eakxōx | ⲉⲁⲣⳉⲱⳉ earxōx | ⲉⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ eafxōx | ⲉⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ easxōx | ⲉⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ eanxōx | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ eatetn̄xōx | ⲉⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ eauxōx | ⲉⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ ea- xōx |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⳉⲱⳉ em̄pixōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄pk̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄pexōx, em̄pr̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄pf̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄ps̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄pn̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄petn̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ em̄pouxōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ em̄pe- xōx |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ etaïxōx | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ etakxōx | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⳉⲱⳉ etarxōx | ⲉⲧⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ etafxōx | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ etasxōx | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ etanxōx | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etatetn̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ etauxōx | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ eta- xōx |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⳉⲱⳉ etem̄pixōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄pk̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄pexōx, etem̄pr̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄pf̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄ps̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄pn̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄petn̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ etem̄pouxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄pe- xōx |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ neaïxōx | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ neakxōx | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⳉⲱⳉ nearxōx | ⲛⲉⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ neafxōx | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ neasxōx | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ neanxōx | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ neatetn̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ neauxōx | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ nea- xōx |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⳉⲱⳉ nem̄pixōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄pk̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⳉⲱⳉ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄pexōx, nem̄pr̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄pf̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄ps̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄pn̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄petn̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ nem̄pouxōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄pe- xōx |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ naïxōx | ⲛⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ nakxōx | ⲛⲁⲣⳉⲱⳉ narxōx | ⲛⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ nafxōx | ⲛⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ nasxōx | ⲛⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ nanxōx | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ natetn̄xōx | ⲛⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ nauxōx | ⲛⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ na- xōx |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⳉⲱⳉ m̄patixōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄patk̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⳉ m̄patexōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄patf̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄pats̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄patn̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ m̄patetn̄xōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ m̄patouxōx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ m̄pate- xōx |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⳉⲱⳉ em̄patixōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄patk̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⳉ em̄patexōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄patf̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄pats̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄patn̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ em̄patetn̄xōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ em̄patouxōx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ em̄pate- xōx |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⳉⲱⳉ etem̄patixōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄patk̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⳉ etem̄patexōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄patf̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄pats̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄patn̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄patetn̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ etem̄patouxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ etem̄pate- xōx |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⳉⲱⳉ nem̄patixōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄patk̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⳉ nem̄patexōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄patf̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄pats̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄patn̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄patetn̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ nem̄patouxōx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ nem̄pate- xōx |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ xareïxōx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ xarekxōx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ xarexōx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ xarefxōx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ xaresxōx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⳉ xarenxōx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ xaretetn̄xōx | ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ xarouxōx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ xare- xōx |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ maïxōx | ⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ makxōx | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ marexōx | ⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ mafxōx | ⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ masxōx | ⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ manxōx | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ matetn̄xōx | ⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ mauxōx | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ mare- xōx, ma- xōx |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ exareïxōx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ exarekxōx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ exarexōx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ exarefxōx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ exaresxōx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⳉ exarenxōx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ exaretetn̄xōx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ exarouxōx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ exare- xōx |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ emaïxōx | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ emakxōx | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ emarexōx | ⲉⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ emafxōx | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ emasxōx | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ emanxōx | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ ematetn̄xōx | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ emauxōx | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ emare- xōx, ema- xōx |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ etexareïxōx, etxareïxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ etexarekxōx, etxarekxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ etexarexōx, etxarexōx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ etexarefxōx, etxarefxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ etexaresxōx, etxaresxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⳉ etexarenxōx, etxarenxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etexaretetn̄xōx, etxaretetn̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ etexarouxōx, etxarouxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ etexare- xōx, etxare- xōx |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ etemaïxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ etemakxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ etemarexōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ etemafxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ etemasxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ etemanxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ etematetn̄xōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ etemauxōx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ etemare- xōx, etema- xōx |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ nexareïxōx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ nexarekxōx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ nexarexōx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ nexarefxōx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ nexaresxōx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⳉⲱⳉ nexarenxōx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nexaretetn̄xōx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ nexarouxōx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ nexare- xōx |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ nemaïxōx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ nemakxōx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ nemarexōx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ nemafxōx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ nemasxōx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ nemanxōx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ nematetn̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ nemauxōx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ nemare- xōx, nema- xōx |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ amaïxōx | ⲁⲙⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ amakxōx | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ amarexōx | ⲁⲙⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ amafxōx | ⲁⲙⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ amasxōx | ⲁⲙⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ amanxōx | ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ amatetn̄xōx | ⲁⲙⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ amauxōx | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲙⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ amare- xōx, ma- xōx |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲁⳉⲱⳉ aïaxōx | ⲁⲕⲁⳉⲱⳉ akaxōx | ⲁⲣⲁⳉⲱⳉ araxōx | ⲁϥⲁⳉⲱⳉ afaxōx | ⲁⲥⲁⳉⲱⳉ asaxōx | ⲁⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ anaxōx | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ atetnaxōx | ⲁⲩⲁⳉⲱⳉ auaxōx | ⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ a- xōx |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲛⲁⳉⲱⳉ naxōx, enaxōx | ⲛⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ nekxōx, enekxōx | ⲛⲉⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⳉⲱⳉ nexōx, enexōx | ⲛⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ nefxōx, enefxōx | ⲛⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ nesxōx, enesxōx | ⲛⲉⲛⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⳉⲱⳉ nenxōx, enenxōx | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ netn̄xōx, enetn̄xōx | ⲛⲉⲩⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩⳉⲱⳉ neuxōx, eneuxōx | ⲛⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ ne- xōx |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⳉⲱⳉ marixōx | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ marefxōx | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ maresxōx | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ marn̄xōx | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ marouxōx | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ mare- xōx |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⳉⲱⳉ mn̄taxōx | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ mn̄tf̄xōx | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ mn̄ts̄xōx | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ mn̄tn̄xōx | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ mn̄touxōx | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ mn̄te- xōx |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⳉⲱⳉ taxōx | ⲕⳉⲱⳉ kxōx | ⲧⲉⳉⲱⳉ texōx | ϥⳉⲱⳉ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥⳉⲱⳉ fxōx, n̄tfxōx | ⲥⳉⲱⳉ sxōx | ⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ tn̄xōx | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ tetn̄xōx | ⲥⲉⳉⲱⳉ, ⲥⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ sexōx, souxōx | ⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ te- xōx |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⳉⲱⳉ tarixōx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ tarekxōx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ tarexōx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ tarefxōx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ taresxōx | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ tarn̄xōx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ taretetn̄xōx | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ tarouxōx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ tare- xōx |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⳉⲱⳉ n̄tarixōx, tarixōx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⳉⲱⳉ n̄tarekxōx, tarekxōx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ n̄tarexōx, tarexōx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⳉⲱⳉ n̄tarefxōx, tarefxōx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⳉⲱⳉ n̄taresxōx, taresxōx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ n̄tarn̄xōx, tarn̄xōx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ n̄taretn̄xōx, taretn̄xōx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ n̄tarouxōx, tarouxōx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ n̄tare- xōx, tare- xōx |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⳉⲱⳉ šatixōx | ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ⳉⲱⳉ šatk̄xōx | ϣⲁⲧⲉⳉⲱⳉ šatexōx | ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ šatf̄xōx | ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ⳉⲱⳉ šats̄xōx | ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ šatn̄xōx | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ šatetn̄xōx | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⳉⲱⳉ šatouxōx | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ šate- xōx |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ aïšaxōx, eïšaxōx | ⲁⲕϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲕϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ akšaxōx, ekšaxōx | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ arešaxōx, erešaxōx | ⲁϥϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉϥϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ afšaxōx, efšaxōx | ⲁⲥϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲥϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ asšaxōx, esšaxōx | ⲁⲛϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲛϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ anšaxōx, enšaxōx | ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ ašatetn̄xōx, ešatetn̄xōx | ⲁⲩϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉⲩϣⲁⳉⲱⳉ aušaxōx, eušaxōx | ⲁϣⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ, ⲉϣⲁ- ⳉⲱⳉ aša- xōx, eša- xōx |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓ̈ⳉⲱⳉ aïxōx | ⲁⲕⳉⲱⳉ akxōx | ⲁⲣⲉⳉⲱⳉ arexōx | ⲁϥⳉⲱⳉ afxōx | ⲁⲥⳉⲱⳉ asxōx | ⲁⲛⳉⲱⳉ anxōx | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⳉⲱⳉ atetn̄xōx | ⲁⲩⳉⲱⳉ auxōx | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⳉⲱⳉ are- xōx |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- |

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* ⲥⲱϣⲉ (sōše) — Sahidic
* ϣⲱϣ (šōš) — Bohairic, Fayyumic, Sahidic, Lycopolitan

#### Verb

ⳉⲱⳉ • (xōx) (pronominal state ⳉⲁⳉ⸗, stative ⳉⲏⳉ)
* (Akhmimic, transitive) to make equal, level, strait

#### Noun

ⳉⲱⳉ • (xōx) m
* (Akhmimic) equality, sameness

### References

* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, pages 605, 606
* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 259