# छत्त्र
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* छत्र (chatra)

### Alternative scripts

* ছত্ত্ৰ (Assamese script)
* ᬙᬢ᭄ᬢ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
* ছত্ত্র (Bengali script)
* 𑰔𑰝𑰿𑰝𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀙𑀢𑁆𑀢𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* ဆတ္တြ (Burmese script)
* છત્ત્ર (Gujarati script)
* ਛਤ੍ਤ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌛𑌤𑍍𑌤𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
* ꦖꦠ꧀ꦠꦿ (Javanese script)
* 𑂓𑂞𑂹𑂞𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
* ಛತ್ತ್ರ (Kannada script)
* ឆត្ត្រ (Khmer script)
* ຉຕ຺ຕ຺ຣ (Lao script)
* ഛത്ത്ര (Malayalam script)
* ᡮᠠᢠᢠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘔𑘝𑘿𑘝𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
* ᠼᠠᢐᢐᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦴𑦽𑧠𑦽𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐕𑐟𑑂𑐟𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
* ଛତ୍ତ୍ର (Odia script)
* ꢘꢡ꣄ꢡ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆗𑆠𑇀𑆠𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
* 𑖔𑖝𑖿𑖝𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
* ඡත‍්ත්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩢𑩫 𑪙𑩫 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚐𑚙𑚶𑚙𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
* ச²த்த்ர (Tamil script)
* ఛత్త్ర (Telugu script)
* ฉตฺตฺร (Thai script)
* ཚ་ཏྟྲ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒕𑒞𑓂𑒞𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨤𑨙𑩇𑨙𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Uncertain; possibly related to छादयति (chādáyati, “to cover”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-Iranian *šćatˢtrás, Proto-Indo-European *sḱed-tró-s, from *sḱed- or *sked- (“to cover”). Possible cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬜𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬧𐬙𐬍 (sāδaiiaṇtī, “long trousers”), Old English hætera (“garments”). The Sanskrit root is छद् (chad).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /t͡ɕʰɐt.tɾɐ/, [t͡ɕʰɐt̚.tɾɐ]
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈt͡ɕʰɐt̪.t̪ɾɐ/, [ˈt͡ɕʰɐt̪̚.t̪ɾɐ]

### Noun

छत्त्र • (chattra) stem, n
* parasol, umbrella
* shelter
* mushroom

#### Derived terms

* छात्त्र (chāttra)

#### Descendants

* Ashokan Prakrit:
** Magadhi Prakrit:
*** → Assamese: ছাতি (sati), ছতা (sota)
*** Bengali: ছাতা (chata)
** Sauraseni Prakrit:
*** Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
**** Hindi: छाता (chātā)
***** → English: chatta
* → Angkorian Old Khmer: chatra, chattra°
** Khmer: ឆត្រ (chat), ឆ័ត្រ (chat)
** → Thai: ฉัตร (chàt)
* → English: chhatra
* → Gujarati: છત્ર (chatra), છત્રી (chatrī)
* → Hindi: छतरी (chatrī)
* → Konkani: सत्ते (satte)
* → Marathi: छत्री (chatrī), सत्री (satrī) — East Indian
** → Kannada: ಛತ್ರಿ (chatri)
* → Tamil: சத்தி (catti), சத்திரம் (cattiram)
* → Middle Persian: [script needed] (čādur, “sheet, veil”)
** →? Proto-Turkic: *čātïr (see there for further descendants)
** Classical Persian: چَادُر (čādur) (see there for further descendants)
* Old Javanese: chattra
** > Javanese: ꦕꦠꦿ (catra) (inherited)
* Pali: chatta
* Punjabi: ਛੱਤ (chatta, “roof”)
* → Punjabi: ਛਤਰੀ (chatrī)
* Urdu: چھتری (chatrī)
** → Pashto: چترۍ
** →? Persian:
*** Dari: چتری (čatrī)

### References

* ↑ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*sād”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 341-342
* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “sk̑ed-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 919
* ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “CHAD”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 554-555
* ↑ Lubotsky, Alexander (2001) “Reflexes of Proto-Indo-European *sk in Indo-Iranian”, in Incontri linguistici‎, volume 24, page 7
* ↑ “छत्त्र” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 176, column 1.
* ↑ Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “छत्त्र”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 096
* ↑ Monier Williams (1899) “छत्त्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 404/1.