# caru
## Asturian
### Etymology

From Latin cārus.

### Adjective

caru m sg (feminine singular cara, neuter singular caro, masculine plural caros, feminine plural cares)
* expensive

#### Antonyms

* baratu

## Latvian
### Noun

caru m
* inflection of cars:
** accusative/instrumental singular
** genitive plural

## Old English
### Alternative forms

* ċearu, ċearo — West Saxon

### Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *karu, from Proto-Germanic *karō. Cognate with Old Saxon kara, Old High German kara, Old Norse kǫr (“sickbed”), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰 (kara).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɑ.ru/

### Noun

caru f (Anglian)
* worry, anxiety, care
* sorrow, grief
** 10th century, The Wanderer:Oft iċ sceolde āna · ūhtna ġehwylċe mīne ċeare cwīþan. · Nis nū cwicra nān…Oft I had to bemoan my sorrow alone at every dawn. There is no one alive…

#### Usage notes

The declension table below shows the inherited forms of caru, with a-restoration and palatal diphthongization before front vowels. This distinction was often leveled in both directions, giving alternative forms such as nom. sg. ċearu and dat. sg. care.

#### Derived terms

* carful
* carian
* cariġ
* ūhtcaru

#### Descendants

* Middle English: care
** English: care
** Scots: care
** Yola: caure, caare, caar

## Welsh
### Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *karɨd, from Proto-Celtic *karāti (“to love”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˈkarɨ̞/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˈka(ː)ri/
* Rhymes: -arɨ

### Verb

caru (first-person singular present caraf)
* (transitive) to love, like
    Antonym: casáu

#### Conjugation

| | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | impersonal | impersonal |
| | first | second | third | first | second | third | impersonal | impersonal |
| present indicative/future | caraf | ceri | câr, cara | carwn | cerwch, carwch | carant | cerir |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional | carwn | carit | carai | carem | carech | carent | cerid |
| preterite | cerais | ceraist | carodd | carasom | carasoch | carasant | carwyd |
| pluperfect | caraswn | carasit | carasai | carasem | carasech | carasent | carasid, caresid |
| present subjunctive | carwyf | cerych | caro | carom | caroch | caront | carer |
| imperative | — | cara | cared | carwn | cerwch, carwch | carent | carer |
| verbal noun | caru | caru | caru | caru | caru | caru | caru |
| verbal adjectives | caredig caradwy | caredig caradwy | caredig caradwy | caredig caradwy | caredig caradwy | caredig caradwy | caredig caradwy |
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| Inflected colloquial forms | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| future | cara i, caraf i | cari di | carith o/e/hi, cariff e/hi | carwn ni | carwch chi | caran nhw |
| conditional | carwn i, carswn i | caret ti, carset ti | carai fo/fe/hi, carsai fo/fe/hi | caren ni, carsen ni | carech chi, carsech chi | caren nhw, carsen nhw |
| preterite | carais i, cares i | caraist ti, carest ti | carodd o/e/hi | caron ni | caroch chi | caron nhw |
| imperative | — | cara | — | — | carwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |||||||

#### Related terms

* cariad m (“love, charity, affection; beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling”)
* Carwyn

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “caru”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies