# uter
## Latin
### Etymology 1

For *cuter, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷóteros, from *kʷos (“which”), ultimately from *kʷ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek πότερος (póteros, “which of the two”) and English whether.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈu.ter/, [ˈʊt̪ɛr]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈu.ter/, [ˈuːt̪er]

#### Adjective

uter (feminine utra, neuter utrum); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er, pronominal)
* (interrogative) which (of two)?
** 68 BCE – 44 BCE, Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum 15.20.3.2:Pompeium Carteia receptum scribis; iam igitur contra hunc exercitum. Utra ergo castra? Media enim tollit Antonius.1999 translation by D. R. Shackleton BaileyYou say that Pompey has been admitted into Carteia. So he’ll presently be bringing an army against Antony. Which camp then? For Antony is putting middle courses out of the question.
* (relative) whichever (of two)
* (indefinite) either, one or the other

##### Declension

First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er, pronominal).

##### Derived terms

* alteruter
* neuter
* uterque
* utrubi

##### Related terms

| type | demonstrative | demonstrative | demonstrative | anaphoric | identity | interrogative/ relative | indefinite | indefinite | indefinite | indefinite | indefinite | negative | other |
| type | proximal | medial | distal | anaphoric | identity | interrogative/ relative | relative | indefinite | free choice | universal | negative polarity | negative | other |
| basic | hic | iste, istic | ille, illic | is | ipse, īdem | quis/quī | quisquis, quīcumque | quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam | quīvis, quīlibet | quisque | quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam | nēmō, nihil, nūllus | alius |
| dual | | | | | | uter | utercumque | alteruter | utervīs, uterlibet | uterque | | neuter | alter |
| place | hīc | istīc | illīc | ibī̆ | ibī̆dem | ubī̆ | ubiubi, ubī̆cumque | alicubī, uspiam | ubivīs, ubilibet | ubīque | usquam | nusquam, nūllibī | alibī, aliās |
| source | hinc | istinc | illinc | inde | indidem | unde | undecumque, undeunde | alicunde | °undelibet | undique | | | aliunde |
| destination | hūc, °hōrsum | istūc, °istōrsum | illūc, °illōrsum | eō | eōdem | quō, quōrsum | quōquō, quōcumque | aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum | quōvīs, quōlibet | | quōquam | nusquam, nūllōrsum | aliō, aliōrsum |
| method, means, path, place | hāc | istāc | illāc | eā | eādem | quā | quāquā, quācumque | aliquā | quāvīs, quālibet | quāque | | nēquāquam, haudquāquam | aliā |
| manner | hōc modō | istō modō | illō modō | ita, sīc, eō modō | item, itidem | ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum | utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque | quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō | quōmodolibet | utīque | ūllō modō | nūllō modō | aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō |
| time | num, nunc | | ōlim | tum, tunc | simul | quandō, ‡cum | cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque | quondam, aliquandō | quandōlibet | quandōque | umquam | numquam | aliās |
| quantity | | | | tam | †tamen, †tandem | quam | †quamquam | aliquam | quamvīs, quamlibet | | | | |
| size | | | | tantus | tantusdem | quantus | quantuscumque | aliquantus | quantusvīs, quantuslibet | | | | |
| quality | | | | tālis | | quālis | quālis, quāliscumque | aliquālis | quālislibet | | | | |
| number | | | | tot | totidem | quot | quotquot, quotcumque | aliquot | quotlibet | | | | |
| order | | | | totus | | quotus | quotuscumque | aliquotus | quotuslibet | | | | |
| repetition | | | | totiēns | | quotiēns | quotiēnscumque | aliquotiēns | quotiēnslibet | | | | |
| multiplication | | | | totuplex | | quotuplex | | | | | | | |
| † Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare ‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative ||||||||||||||

### Etymology 2

For *udris, from Proto-Indo-European *wed- (“water”). Compare with Ancient Greek ὑδρία (hudría, “water-pot, pitcher”). Related to vitrum.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈu.ter/, [ˈʊt̪ɛr]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈu.ter/, [ˈuːt̪er]

#### Noun

uter m (genitive utris); third declension
* wine or water skin or bottle
* bag made of hide (inflated for flotation)

##### Declension

* Note: although the nominative and accusative plural was normally the masculine utrēs, the rare alternative neuter plural utria is also attested.
Third-declension noun (i-stem).

##### Derived terms

* utriculus

##### Descendants

* Aromanian: utri
* Catalan: odre
* → French: outre
* Galician: odre
* Italian: otre
* Piedmontese: oiro
* Portuguese: odre
* Sicilian: utri
* Spanish: odre

### References

* “uter”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “uter”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* uter in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. (ambiguous) to offer a person the alternative of... or..: optionem alicui dare, utrum...an (ambiguous) it is a debated point whether... or..: in contentione ponitur, utrum...an
* “uter”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
* Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
* De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “uter”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 646-647

## Old High German
### Alternative forms

* ūtar, ūtaro, ūtiro

### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ūdarą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ewHdʰr̥-, *h₁ówHdʰr̥, *h₁uHdʰr̥- (“udder”).

### Noun

ūter m
* udder

#### Descendants

* Middle High German: ūter, iuter m or n
** Cimbrian: autar n
** German: Euter n
** Luxembourgish: Auder m

### References

* "u" in Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch (6th edition 2014)

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin uterus, French utérus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈu.ter]

### Noun

uter n (plural utere)
* (anatomy) uterus