# dall
## English
### Etymology

Compare French dalle, dallage.

### Noun

dall (plural dalls)
* A tile with an incised surface.
** 1872, Van Nostrand's Eclectic Engineering Magazine, page 646:[…] for such machine-made slate "dalls," or tiles, as perhaps we might call them, would soon be valued by the architect and builder for the roofs of many other classes of buildings as well as ecclesiastical ones.
** 1872, The Engineer:[…] tiling. Thus arose those admirable roofs known in France as "en dallage," of which one most instructive example to both engineer and architect may be seen in those of the clerestory roofs of Nôtre Dame at Paris. The "dalls" being hand wrought […]

### See also

* dalls

## Breton
### Etymology

From Middle Breton and Old Breton dall, from Proto-Brythonic *dall, from Proto-Celtic *dallos.

### Adjective

dall
* blind

### Mutation

Breton consonant mutation :
| unmutated | soft | aspirate | hard | mixed |
| dall | zall | unchanged | tall | tall |

## Catalan
### Etymology

Deverbal from dallar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈdaʎ]

### Noun

dall m (plural dalls)
* math (what is gathered from mowing)
* foremath
* mowing (act of mowing)
* billhook

#### Synonyms

* (mowing): dallada
* (billhook): podall

#### Derived terms

* redall

### Further reading

* “dall” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish dall, from Proto-Celtic *dallos (compare Welsh dall); possibly cognate with Gothic 𐌳𐍅𐌰𐌻𐍃 (dwals, “foolish, stupid”).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /d̪ˠaul̪ˠ/
* (Galway) IPA: /d̪ˠɑːl̪ˠ/
* (Mayo, Ulster) IPA: /d̪ˠal̪ˠ/

### Adjective

dall (genitive singular masculine daill, genitive singular feminine daille, plural dalla, comparative daille)
* blind; blinded
* dull, uninformed; in the dark
* dazed, stupefied

#### Declension

| | Singular | Singular | Plural (m/f) | Plural (m/f) |
| Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
| Nominative | dall | dhall | dalla; dhalla² | dalla; dhalla² |
| Vocative | dhaill | dhall | dalla | dalla |
| Genitive | dhaill | daille | dalla | dall |
| Dative | dall; dhall¹ | dhall; dhaill (archaic) | dalla; dhalla² | dalla; dhalla² |
| Comparative | níos daille | níos daille | níos daille | níos daille |
| Superlative | is daille | is daille | is daille | is daille |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. ² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

### Noun

dall m (genitive singular daill, nominative plural daill)
* blind person
* dull, uninformed, person
* dimness; gloom, obscurity

#### Declension

First declension

#### Derived terms

* idir dall is dorchadas (“at dusk”, literally “between the dim and the dark”)

### Verb

dall (present analytic dallann, future analytic dallfaidh, verbal noun dalladh, past participle dallta) (transitive)
* blind
* bedim; dazzle; daze, stupefy
* darken; block, obscure (an opening)

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | dallaim | dallann tú; dallair$^†$ | dallann sé, sí | dallaimid | dallann sibh | dallann siad; dallaid$^†$ | a dhallann; a dhallas / a ndallann* | dalltar |
| indicative | past | dhall mé; dhallas | dhall tú; dhallais | dhall sé, sí | dhallamar; dhall muid | dhall sibh; dhallabhair | dhall siad; dhalladar | a dhall / ar dhall* | dalladh |
| indicative | past habitual | dhallainn / ndallainn‡‡ | dhalltá / ndalltá‡‡ | dhalladh sé, sí / ndalladh sé, sí‡‡ | dhallaimis; dhalladh muid / ndallaimis‡‡; ndalladh muid‡‡ | dhalladh sibh / ndalladh sibh‡‡ | dhallaidís; dhalladh siad / ndallaidís‡‡; ndalladh siad‡‡ | a dhalladh / a ndalladh* | dhalltaí / ndalltaí‡‡ |
| future | future | dallfaidh mé; dallfad | dallfaidh tú; dallfair$^†$ | dallfaidh sé, sí | dallfaimid; dallfaidh muid | dallfaidh sibh | dallfaidh siad; dallfaid$^†$ | a dhallfaidh; a dhallfas / a ndallfaidh* | dallfar |
| conditional | conditional | dhallfainn / ndallfainn‡‡ | dhallfá / ndallfá‡‡ | dhallfadh sé, sí / ndallfadh sé, sí‡‡ | dhallfaimis; dhallfadh muid / ndallfaimis‡‡; ndallfadh muid‡‡ | dhallfadh sibh / ndallfadh sibh‡‡ | dhallfaidís; dhallfadh siad / ndallfaidís‡‡; ndallfadh siad‡‡ | a dhallfadh / a ndallfadh* | dhallfaí / ndallfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go ndalla mé; go ndallad$^†$ | go ndalla tú; go ndallair$^†$ | go ndalla sé, sí | go ndallaimid; go ndalla muid | go ndalla sibh | go ndalla siad; go ndallaid$^†$ | — | go ndalltar |
| subjunctive | past | dá ndallainn | dá ndalltá | dá ndalladh sé, sí | dá ndallaimis; dá ndalladh muid | dá ndalladh sibh | dá ndallaidís; dá ndalladh siad | — | dá ndalltaí |
| imperative | imperative | dallaim | dall | dalladh sé, sí | dallaimis | dallaigí; dallaidh$^†$ | dallaidís | — | dalltar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | dalladh | dalladh | dalladh | dalladh | dalladh | dalladh | dalladh | dalladh |
| past participle | past participle | dallta | dallta | dallta | dallta | dallta | dallta | dallta | dallta |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 64
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 395, page 131

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “dall”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish dall, from Proto-Celtic *dallos (compare Welsh dall); possibly cognate with Gothic 𐌳𐍅𐌰𐌻𐍃 (dwals, “foolish, stupid”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t̪aul̪ˠ/
* (Islay, Mid Argyll) IPA: [t̪al̪ˠː]

### Adjective

dall (comparative doille)
* blind
* ignorant
* obscure
* dark
* misled
* puzzled

#### Derived terms

* dall air faclan (“dyslexic”)
* spot dall (“blind spot”)

#### Related terms

* doille (“blindness”)

### Verb

dall (past dhall, future dallaidh, verbal noun dalladh, past participle dallta)
* blind, make blind
* mislead
* deceive
* puzzle

### References

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “dall”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

## Welsh
### Etymology

From Middle Welsh dall, from Proto-Brythonic *dall, from Proto-Celtic *dallos. Cognate with Breton dall, Irish dall, Scottish Gaelic dall.

### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /daɬ/
* (South Wales) IPA: /da(ː)ɬ/
* Rhymes: -aɬ

### Adjective

dall (feminine singular dall, plural deillion, not comparable)
* blind

#### Derived terms

* lliwddall (“color blind”)
* madfall (“blindworm, slow-worm”)
* pwl-dall (“blindworm, slow-worm”)

### Noun

dall m (plural deillion or deilliad, feminine dalles)
* blind person

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dall”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies