# Kaohsiung
## English
### Alternative forms

* Kao Hsiung, Kao-hsiung (also from Wade–Giles)
* Kaohiung, Kaosiung
* Gaosyong (Tongyong Pinyin)
* Gaoxiong (Hanyu Pinyin)

### Etymology

Late 1945, from Mandarin 高雄 (Gāoxióng) Wade–Giles romanization: Kao¹-hsiung², from 高(たか)雄(お) (Takao) (Takao), from Hokkien 打狗 (Tá-káu) (Takau), from Siraya takau (“bamboo forest”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkaʊ ˈʃjʊŋ/, enPR: kouʹshyo͝ongʹ
* IPA: /ˈɡaʊ ˈʃjʊŋ/, enPR: gouʹshyo͝ongʹ

### Proper noun

Kaohsiung
* A city and special municipality in southern Taiwan, and the third largest city in Taiwan.
** 1946 December 14, John Stenhouse, “China's Economy Since the Japanese Surrender”, in Foreign Commerce Weekly‎, volume XXV, number 11, Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4, column 1:Although many factors in the industrial picture remain unfavorable, the Government reportedly is taking steps toward rehabilitation of industry. Repairs to the oil refinery at Kaohsiung (Takao) in Taiwan (Formosa) are being made, reportedly under the direction of engineers of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, under the auspices of the China Petroleum Corporation, a subsidiary of the National Resources Commission. This plant, formerly owned by the Japanese, was damaged during the war.
** 1978, Kung-Ping Wang, E. Chin, Mineral Economics and Basic Industries in Asia‎, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 309:The existing steel industry is centered at Kaohsiung and is based mainly on local and imported scrap. An integrated steelworks being built by CI&S, also at Kaohsiung, will have an annual ingot capacity of 1.5 million tons by 1977 and, it is hoped 6 million tons by 1983; the bulk of the raw materials needed will be from foreign sources. Meanwhile, large tonnages of finished steel produced are imported.
** 1998, Robert Storey, Taiwan (Lonely Planet)‎, 4th edition (Travel), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 260:Kaohsiung is the second largest city in Taiwan and has the biggest seaport.
** 2021 May 15, Lily Kuo, “Taiwan raises coronavirus alert level as residents stockpile toilet paper and food”, in Washington Post‎, archived from the original on 08 August 2021:The mayor of Kaohsiung, Chen Chi-mai, said the southern port city on Saturday also implemented new rules requiring face masks and social distancing.
** 2021 October 15, Amy Qin, Amy Chang Chien, “A Last-Chance ‘Ghost’ Building in Taiwan Becomes a Deathtrap for Many”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 15 October 2021:On Friday, three months after she moved in, Ms. Huang was feeling grateful not to be among the dead after a fire tore through the partly abandoned 13-story mixed-used building on Thursday night in the southern port city of Kaohsiung.
** 2022 April 3, Ben Blanchard, “Taiwan says new COVID cases won't affect re-opening plans”, in Simon Cameron-Moore, editor, Reuters‎, archived from the original on 03 April 2022:Speaking to reporters in the southern city of Kaohsiung, Su said the "new Taiwan model" in combating COVID-19 was a "normal life, active epidemic prevention and steady opening".
** 2023 March 18, Alexander Görlach, “Opinion: Facing China, Manila cozies up to US”, in Deutsche Welle‎, archived from the original on 2023-03-18, CONFLICTS‎:Kaohsiung, a city on Taiwan's southern coast, is the 15th-busiest container port in the world. There would be global repercussions and immediate consequences for the Philippines should the port again be blocked by Chinese forces, as occurred temporarily in August following the visit of US lawmaker Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Kaohsiung.
* (historical) A former county of Taiwan. [from 20th c.]
** 1981 December 6, “Progress and plenty in Kaohsiung county”, in Free China Weekly‎, volume XXII, number 48, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2, column 1:Occupying an area of 2,793, square kilometers, Kaohsiung county lists agriculture as its most important economic activity, followed by industry, commerce and fishing. While it is only 60 kilometers long, the county's coastline is extremely favorable to fishing activities. With its attractive mountain and seaside scenery, Kaohsiung county has enjoyed rapid development in the tourism industry. The best-known tourist attractions are the Chengching lake in the outskirts of Kaohsiung city, and Fokuangshan, where there are many Buddhist relics.
** 1999, Charles Brewer Jones, “The Early Japanese Period”, in Buddhism in Taiwan: Religion and the State, 1660-1990‎, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 54:Of the Four Great Ancestral Daochang, the Chaofeng Temple is the only one in the southern half of Taiwan; it sits on the slopes of Dagang Mountain in the Alian Rural District of Kaohsiung County.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Kaohsiung.

#### Synonyms

* (abbreviation) KHH
* (from Hokkien) Takau
* (from Mandarin) Dagou, Takou, Takow
* (from Japanese) Takao

#### Descendants

* Translingual: Pseudoxanthomonas kaohsiungensis

#### Translations
### See also

* Category:Kaohsiung on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
* Kaohsiung on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Kaohsiung on Wikiquote.Wikiquote
* Kaohsiung on Wikivoyage.Wikivoyage

### References

* ↑ Leon E. Seltzer, editor (1952), “Kaohiung, Kaosiung, or Kaohsiung”, in The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World‎, Morningside Heights, NY: Columbia University Press, →OCLC, page 908, column 3

### Further reading

* “Kaohsiung”, in Collins English Dictionary.
* Kaohsiung, Kao-hsiung, Kao Hsiung, Gaoxiong, Gao Xiong, Kaohiung, Kaosiung, Takao, Takau, Takow at the Google Books Ngram Viewer.
* “Kaohsiung, pn.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
* “Kaohsiung” in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2024.
* Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Kao-hsiung”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎, volume 2, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 1500, column 3: “Also spelled Kaohsiung.”

## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaw.ʃjuŋ/

### Proper noun

Kaohsiung m
* Kaohsiung (a city and special municipality in southern Taiwan, and the third largest city in Taiwan)
** 2021 October 14, “À Taïwan, l'incendie d'un immeuble fait des dizaines de morts”, in France 24‎, archived from the original on 2021-10-14, Asie-Pacifique‎:L’incendie d’un immeuble d’habitation a causé la mort, jeudi 14 octobre, d’au moins 46 personnes et a fait des dizaines de blessés à Kaohsiung, dans le sud de Taïwan.On Thursday 14 October, a fire in a block of flats caused the death of at least 46 people and injured dozens in Kaohsiung, in the south of Taiwan.

## German
### Proper noun

Kaohsiung n (proper noun, genitive Kaohsiungs or (optionally with an article) Kaohsiung)
* Kaohsiung (a city and special municipality in southern Taiwan, and the third largest city in Taiwan)
** 2023 March 14, Alexander Görlach, “Görlach Global: Philippinen und USA - Wiederbelebung einer alten Allianz zum Schutz vor China”, in Deutsche Welle‎, archived from the original on 2023-03-14, ASIEN‎:Im Süden Taiwans liegt die Hafenstadt Kaohsiung, Nummer 15 der größten Containerhäfen der Welt. Sollte er, wie schon im August 2022 nach dem Besuch der US-Politikerin Nancy Pelosi kurzzeitig geschehen, von der chinesischen Marine blockiert werden, hat dies Auswirkungen auf die gesamte Welt - und erst recht auf die Philippinen.Kaohsiung, a city on Taiwan's southern coast, is the 15th-busiest container port in the world. There would be global repercussions and immediate consequences for the Philippines should the port again be blocked by Chinese forces, as occurred temporarily in August following the visit of US lawmaker Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan.

## Italian
### Proper noun

Kaohsiung ?
* Kaohsiung (a city and special municipality in southern Taiwan, and the third largest city in Taiwan)

## Portuguese
### Proper noun

Kaohsiung f
* Kaohsiung (a city and special municipality in southern Taiwan, and the third largest city in Taiwan)

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kaoˈsjun/ [ka.oˈsjũn]
* IPA: /kaoˈʃjun/ [ka.oˈʃjũn]
* Rhymes: -un
* Syllabification: Ka‧oh‧siung

### Proper noun

Kaohsiung ?
* Kaohsiung (a city and special municipality in southern Taiwan, and the third largest city in Taiwan)