# Jinsha
## English
### Alternative forms

* Kinsha, Kin-sha, Kin Sha (Postal Romanization)
* Chinsha, Chin-sha, Chin Sha (Wade–Giles)
* Jin Sha (also from Hanyu Pinyin)
* Jingsha (misspelling)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒɪnˈʃɑ/, (emulating Chinese) /d͡ʒin-/, /t͡ʃin-/

### Etymology 1

From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 金沙 (Jīnshā, literally “golden sand”).

#### Proper noun

Jinsha
* A river in Qinghai and western Sichuan, China, the headwater of the Yangtze.
** 1987, “Brief Description of the Main Tectonic Units of China”, in Geotectonic Evolution of China‎, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 83:The Sanjiang Fold System is an Indosinian geosynclinal fold system, lying in western Yunnan and the Qamdo area of Tibet east of the Nujiang River and west of the Jinsha River. In eastern Tibet the Jinsha, Lancang and Nujiang Rivers turn suddenly to the south to form the famous Sanjiang (Three-River) Valley.
** 1995 [1935], Chen Yun, “My Experiences on the Westward March”, in Selected Works of Chen Yun‎, volume I, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 54–55:Except for the ten or more days when we rested in Zunyi Prefecture in northern Guizhou Province and the five days when we stopped in Huili County after we had crossed the Jinsha River, we spent all of our time marching, regardless of the weather, from Jiangxi to Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan and then to Xikang⁶⁶ provinces, and then on to Lifan¹⁰² and Songpang in Sichuan Province.
** 2016, Richard Loseby, chapter 10, in A Boy of China‎ (Non-fiction), HarperCollins, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 120:'Here,' announced Wei, 'is the start of the mighty Tongtian River, which flows into the Jinsha River and then into our glorious Yangtze.'
** 2020 June 30, David Stanway, “China's giant Wudongde hydro project begins power generation”, in Kenneth Maxwell, editor, Reuters‎, archived from the original on 30 June 2020, Environment:A ceremony was held on Monday to mark the coming on stream of the first unit of the Wudongde power plant, built near the provincial border of Yunnan and Sichuan on the Jinsha river, the upstream branch of the Yangtze.
** 2021 June 28, “China turns on world’s second-biggest hydropower dam”, in AP News‎, archived from the original on 28 June 2021‎:The Baihetan Dam on the Jinsha River, a tributary of the Yangtze, is part of Chinese efforts to curb surging fossil fuel demand by building more hydropower capacity at a time when dams have fallen out of favor in other countries due to environmental complaints.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jinsha.
* A culture in prehistoric China, named for its type site, Jinsha
** 2007, Yinke Deng, “Sanxingdui, a Civilization Independent from the Central Plains”, in Avery Martha, Pan Yue, transl., History of China‎, Beijing: China Intercontinental Press (五洲传播出版社), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 44:The gold stick unearthed in Sanxingdui Site and the gold crown band unearthed in Jinsha Site. Both of them have the combined designs of man heads, arrows, birds, and fish. They bear an almost same style, which shows the continuity of the Jinsha culture and the Sanxingdui culture.
** 2009, Miriam Clifford, Cathy Giangrande, Antony White, China: Museums‎, Odyssey Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 246:As the climate at the time was warmer than today and the Chengdu Plain was forested, it is not unlikely that elephants thrived here. Phase II is equivalent to the late Shang to mid Western Zhou and marks the high point of Jinsha Culture. This is when we find beautiful bronzes, gold and jade, as well as some ivory.
** 2011, Li Xianyao, Luo Zhewen, China's Museums‎, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 82:The Jinsha Theater near the Conservation Center provides a small venue for artistic performances related to the Jinsha culture.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jinsha.
* An archaeological site in Qingyang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
** 2003 October 5, Corinne LaBalme, “WHAT'S DOING IN; Paris”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 May 2015, Travel‎:But long before that, Parisians will have had ample chance to familiarize themselves with Chinese culture. From Oct. 14 to Jan. 28, the Hôtel de Ville, […] showcases recent Bronze Age excavations in the Szechuan Province, in western China, including artifacts from the Jinsha site (1200-1000 B.C.) discovered in February 2001.
** 2007, Yinke Deng, “Sanxingdui, a Civilization Independent from the Central Plains”, in Avery Martha, Pan Yue, transl., History of China‎, Beijing: China Intercontinental Press (五洲传播出版社), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 42:The continued discovery of Jinsha Site in 2001 after Sanxingdui might provide a persuasive reference to the myth of Sanxingdui civilization.
** 2009, Miriam Clifford, Cathy Giangrande, Antony White, China: Museums‎, Odyssey Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 246:Other smaller sites nearby have been identified as Shu kingdom sites, but Jinsha is by far the largest and has the most valuable artefacts and largest structures and so is believed to have been the capital city. It is now thought that when Sanxingdui was abandoned, the Shu capital moved to Jinsha until its mysterious decline around 600 BC.
** 2011, Li Xianyao, Luo Zhewen, China's Museums‎, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 82:Visitors follow a sloping path to view the exhibits, which show the ecological environment, daily life and religious activities of ancient Jinsha, as well as the origin and evolution of ancient Shu civilization.
** [2011, Ralph D. Sawyer, “Ancient Fortifications, II”, in Ancient Chinese Warfare‎, Basic Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 52:Finally, an early Bronze Age site about four kilometers square has been discovered at Chin-sha, some thirty-eight kilometers west of San-hsing-tui.²⁶ Although the numerous artifacts and divinatory practices indicate strong Shang influence, Chin-sha has been interpreted as the center of another independent, peripheral people sufficiently powerful to challenge the Shang.]
** 2022 September 7, “Attracting Science Fiction Fans All Over the World, the World Science Fiction Conference (Worldcon) Officially Started Its ‘Chengdu Time’”, in AP News, KISSPR‎, archived from the original on 07 September 2022‎:For the Chengdu Worldcon in 2023, Clark Clarke expressed his great expectation, hoping to meet old friends at the conference, and even hoped to have the opportunity to visit Jinsha Site. He believes that the ancient Sichuan civilization can bring him new inspiration.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jinsha.
* A county of Bijie, Guizhou, China.
** [1968, Jerome Alan Cohen, The Criminal Process in the People's Republic of China, 1949-1963: An Introduction‎, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 476‎:Under the unifying arrangements of the Party committee the people’s procuracy of Chin-sha county took seven days’ time and handed over to the masses for debate the cases in which it had approved applications for arrest.]
** 1986 September 23 [1986 April 21], Ziyong Zhang, “Procuratorates in Our Province at All Levels Make Remarkable Achievements in Crackdown on Economic Crime; Nearly 20 Million Yuan in Economic Losses Retrieved for the State Last Year”, in China Report: Political, Sociological and Military Affairs‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 55–56:In handling the graft case involving Chen Guiliang [7115 6311 5328], director of the county hydroelectric power bureau, and other major graft cases, the procuratorate of Jinsha County showed no fear of powerful forces and difficulties, and swept aside all resistance, breaking through layer after layer of personal relationships to bare the facts relating to Chen Chiliang's graft and embezzlement of more than 100,000 yuan of drought relief funds, […]
** 1996, Jasper Becker, “The Other Provinces”, in Hungry Ghosts: Mao's Secret Famine‎, The Free Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 162:In the region of Zunyi, in northern Guizhou, the site of a famous Party meeting during the Long March, only one in eight survived. In other places, such as Jinsha county, a quarter of the population died.
** 2000, Graham Hutchings, “Guizhou Province”, in Modern China: A Guide to a Century of Change‎, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 176, column 2:At least one million of Guizhou’s then 16 million people are believed to have died during the early 1960s. Many of the deaths occurred in Zunyi and neighbouring Jinsha county, the result of violent appropriation of grain by officials.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jinsha.
* An urban township in Kinmen County, Taiwan.
** 2005, 台灣鄉鎮之美 [Taiwan Town and Country]‎, 遠流出版事業股份有現公司, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 184:Jinsha, located in the northeast of Kinmen Island, is subjected to powerful northeastern winds every monsoon season.
** 2015 June 23, Jake Chung, “Students graduate on Taiwu Mountain”, in Taipei Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 21 October 2022, Taiwan News‎:The two elementary-school students graduating this year, Yang Hao-lung (楊昊龍) and Chang Wei-shih (張煒世), started out from the school at 8:30am yesterday and jogged to Jinsha Township (金沙) Office before riding a tandem bicycle to the entrance of the ancient trail into Taiwu Mountain (太武山), bordered by the Tsai (蔡) family’s ancestral house.
** 2018 June 8, Scott Morgan, “Former Mayor in Kinmen County, Taiwan sentenced to 11 years on bribery charges”, in Taiwan News‎, archived from the original on 14 June 2018, Society‎:The Supreme Court sentenced former KMT Mayor of Jinsha Township (金沙鎮) in Kinmen County (金門縣) to 11 years in prison on bribery and abuse of public office charges.
** 2019 January 4, Charlie Storrar, “VIDEO: Pig infected with ASF washes up on Kinmen”, in Radio Taiwan International‎, archived from the original on 21 October 2022‎:The pig carcass was discovered on New Year’s Eve on a beach in the township of Jinsha. Kinmen lies just off the Chinese coast and authorities say the pig floated the short distance from the mainland.
** 2020 September 28, Huei-min Huang, Kay Liu, “Kinmen holds Lego-themed event in restored cinema”, in Focus Taiwan‎, archived from the original on 01 October 2020‎:At Jindong cinema in Kinmen's Jinsha Township, two 184cm tall Wind Lion God statues and eight smaller ones were displayed with other cinema related and Kinmen-themed items built by Lego certified professional Rack Huang (黃智彥).
** (Can we date this quote?), “Jinsha Township”, in Kinmen County Government‎, archived from the original on 10 August 2022‎:The shortest distance between Jinsha Township and the mainland China is from Mashan to Jiaoyu, which is only 1,800 meters at low tide.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jinsha.

##### Synonyms

* (river) Jinsha Jiang, Jinshajiang, Jin Sha Jiang, Kinsha Kiang, Kinshakiang, Kin-sha-kiang, Kin-sha Kiang, Kin Sha Kiang, Chin-sha Chiang, Chinsha Chiang, Chinshachiang, Chin-sha-chiang, Chin Sha Chiang

##### Translations
#### Further reading

* Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Jinsha”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎, volume 2, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 1451, column 2

### Etymology 2

From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 津沙 (Jīnshā).

#### Proper noun

Jinsha
* A village in Nangan, Lienchiang County, Taiwan.
** 2007, Stephen Keeling, Brice Minnigh, The Rough Guide to Taiwan (Rough Guides)‎, Penguin, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 487:These establishments charge a premium due to their proximity to the port, but with the exception of the Holiday Hotel (see p.485) none are worth the price, and you'll do much better heading to one of the atmospheric homestays at either Jinsha or Nioujiao village.
** 2014, Steven Crook, Taiwan (Bradt Guides)‎, 2nd edition, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 330:Jinsha One of the archipelago’s most attractive villages, Jinsha has benefited from local government subsidies to preserve and restore traditional one- and two-storey granite houses.
** 2014, Robert Kelly, Chung Wah Chow, “Taiwan's Islands”, in Taiwan‎, 9th edition (Travel), Lonely Planet, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 293, column 2:Homestays are springing up in the villages of Fuxing, Jinsha and Qingshui, which have restored their traditional houses to make the towns a better match to the lovely surroundings.
** 2017 September 15, Richard Saunders, “Off the Beaten Track: Nangan island: Gateway to stunning Matsu”, in Taipei Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 14 September 2017, Features, page 2‎:Continuing along the coast past pretty Jinsha village (津沙), there’s a succession of lovely views over the ocean all the way to Magang (馬港), once the main gateway to Matsu for ships from Taiwan.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jinsha.

##### Translations
### Anagrams

* Jhansi, Janish, Jishan