# 湩

| 湩 | U+6E69, &#28265; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E69 |
| ← 湨 [U+6E68] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 湪 → [U+6E6A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

湩 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水竹十土 (EHJG), four-corner 3211$_4$, composition ⿰氵重)
* milk
* drums
* muddy, turbid

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 638, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17864
* Dae Jaweon: page 1045, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1680, character 2
* Unihan data for U+6E69

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dòng, zhòng (dong$^4$, zhong$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥˋ, ㄓㄨㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dung$^6$ / dung$^3$ / zung$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dòng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dòng
*** Wade–Giles: tung$^4$
*** Yale: dùng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: donq
*** Palladius: дун (dun)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʊŋ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhòng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhòng
*** Wade–Giles: chung$^4$
*** Yale: jùng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jonq
*** Palladius: чжун (čžun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dung$^6$ / dung$^3$ / zung$^3$
*** Yale: duhng / dung / jung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dung$^6$ / dung$^3$ / dzung$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dung$^6$ / dung$^3$ / zung$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʊŋ²²/, /tʊŋ³³/, /t͡sʊŋ³³/
* Middle Chinese: towngX, tuwngH, trjowngH
Rime :
| Character | 湩 | 湩 | 湩 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) | 端 (5) | 知 (9) |
| Final (韻) | 冬 (5) | 東 (1) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I | III |
| Fanqie | 都𪁪切 | 多貢切 | 竹用切 |
| Baxter | towngX | tuwngH | trjowngH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tuoŋ$^X$/ | /tuŋ$^H$/ | /ʈɨoŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tuoŋ$^X$/ | /tuŋ$^H$/ | /ʈioŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /toŋ$^X$/ | /tuŋ$^H$/ | /ȶioŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tawŋ$^X$/ | /təwŋ$^H$/ | /ʈuawŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /toŋ$^X$/ | /tuŋ$^H$/ | /ȶioŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tuoŋ$^X$/ | /tuŋ$^H$/ | /ȶĭwoŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tuoŋ$^X$/ | /tuŋ$^H$/ | /ȶi̯woŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dǒng | dòng | zhòng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dung$^2$ | dung$^3$ | zung$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*toːŋs/, /*tuːŋʔ/, /*toŋs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 湩 | 湩 | 湩 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 17436 | 17451 | 17454 |
| Phonetic component | 重 | 重 | 重 |
| Rime group | 東 | 終 | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 涷 | 湩 | 湩 |
| Old Chinese | /*toːŋs/ | /*tuːŋʔ/ | /*toŋs/ |

### Definitions

湩
* (obsolete) milk, koumiss
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Dé Hàn shíwù jiē qù zhī, yǐ shì bù rú dòng lào zhī biàn měi yě. [Pinyin]
    And he took Han food and threw it away, in order to show how it was not as good as milk and cream.
* (literary) murky, turbid
* (literary) drumbeat

#### References

* (Cantonese) “湩”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Vietnamese
### Han character

湩: Hán Nôm readings: chòng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation