# γλαυκός
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

Uncertain origin. Barber reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *gleh₂w-ko-, noting that the root only appears in Greek (Homer, Aeschylus), but Beekes finds an Indo-European origin unlikely.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡlau̯.kós/ → /ɣlaɸˈkos/ → /ɣlafˈkos/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ɡlau̯.kós/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ɡlaʍˈkos/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ɣlaɸˈkos/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ɣlafˈkos/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ɣlafˈkos/

### Adjective

γλαυκός • (glaukós) m (feminine γλαυκή, neuter γλαυκόν); first/second declension
* gleaming, bright
* blue-green or blue-gray
** 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 700–701:Χορός ... ὃ τᾷδε θάλλει μέγιστα χώρᾳ, γλαυκᾶς παιδοτρόφου φύλλον ἐλαίαςKhorós ... hò tâide thállei mégista khṓrāi, glaukâs paidotróphou phúllon elaíasChorus: [a plant] that flourishes greatly in this land, the leaf of the child-nourishing gray olive tree
* (of an eye color) light blue or gray

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “eye color”): αἰγωπός (aigōpós), μέλας (mélas), χαροπός (kharopós)

#### Derived terms

* Γλαυκή (Glaukḗ)
* γλαύκινος (glaúkinos)
* γλαύκιον (glaúkion)
* Γλαῦκος (Glaûkos)
* γλαύκωμα (glaúkōma)
* ὑπόγλαυκος (hupóglaukos)
* Γλαυκίππη (Glaukíppē)

#### Descendants

* → Latin: glaucus
** → Catalan: glauc
** → English: glaucous
** → French: glauque
*** → Romanian: glauc
** → Italian: glauco
** → Portuguese: glauco
** → Romanian: glauc
** → Spanish: glauco
** Translingual: See glauc at the Catalogue of Life

### See also

Colors in Ancient Greek · χρώμᾰτᾰ (khrṓmata) (layout · text) :
| λευκός (leukós) | γλαυκός (glaukós), κῐλλός (killós), πολῐός (poliós), φαιός (phaiós), χαροπός (kharopós) | ᾰ̓μαυρός (amaurós), κελαινός (kelainós), μαυρός (maurós), μέλᾱς (mélās) |
| ἐρῠθρός (eruthrós); κᾰρῡ́κῐνος (karū́kinos), κόκκῐνος (kókkinos), φοινός (phoinós) | πυρρός (purrhós); ὄρφνῐνος (órphninos) | μήλινος (mḗlinos), ξᾰνθός (xanthós); ὠχρός (ōkhrós) |
| πρᾰ́σῐνος (prásinos) | χλωρός (khlōrós) | χλωρός (khlōrós); χλωρομέλᾱς (khlōromélās) |
| κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos); γλαυκός (glaukós), κᾰλάϊνος (kaláïnos) | κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos) | κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos), ὑᾰκῐ́νθῐνος (huakínthinos) |
| ἰόεις (ióeis), φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (halourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphúreos), οἶνοψ (oînops) | φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos); ᾰ̔λουργής (halourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphúreos) | ῥόδινος (rhódinos), ῥοδόεις (rhodóeis) |

### References

* ↑ Barber, Sievers' Law and the History of Semivowel Syllabicity in Indo-European and Ancient Greek
* ↑ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 274-275

### Further reading

* “γλαυκός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “γλαυκός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “γλαυκός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* γλαυκός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* γλαυκός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* γλαυκός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
* “γλαυκός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. blue idem, page 85.gray idem, page 371.