# 工匠
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōngjiàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gung$^1$ zoeng$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kang-chhiūⁿ / kang-chhiōⁿ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōngjiàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gongjiàng
*** Wade–Giles: kung$^1$-chiang$^4$
*** Yale: gūng-jyàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gongjianq
*** Palladius: гунцзян (gunczjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gung$^1$ zoeng$^6$
*** Yale: gūng jeuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gung$^1$ dzoeng$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gung$^1$ zêng$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sœːŋ²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang-chhiūⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: kang-tshiūnn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kangchviu
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kaŋ³³ t͡sʰiũ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiũ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiũ³³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kang-chhiōⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: kang-tshiōnn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kangchvioi
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔ̃²²/
* Middle Chinese: kuwng dzjangH
Rime :
| Character | 工 | 匠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 從 (15) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 古紅切 | 疾亮切 |
| Baxter | kuwng | dzjangH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kuŋ/ | /d͡zɨɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kuŋ/ | /d͡ziɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuŋ/ | /d͡ziɑŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəwŋ/ | /d͡zɨaŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kuŋ/ | /d͡ziaŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kuŋ/ | /d͡zĭaŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kuŋ/ | /d͡zʱi̯aŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | gōng | jiàng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gung$^1$ | zoeng$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤoŋ s.baŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*koːŋ sbaŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 工 | 匠 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | gōng | jiàng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kuwng › | ‹ dzjang$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*kˁoŋ/ | /*s.baŋ-s/ |
| English | work | craftsman |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 工 | 匠 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 4022 | 6268 |
| Phonetic component | 工 | 匚 |
| Rime group | 東 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 公 | 匠 |
| Old Chinese | /*koːŋ/ | /*sbaŋs/ |

### Noun

工匠
* artisan; craftsman
    工匠精神 ― gōngjiàng jīngshén ― craftsman's spirit

#### Synonyms

* 廚工／厨工 (Hokkien)

#### Derived terms

* 工匠精神 (gōngjiàng jīngshén)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 工(こう)匠(しょう) (kōshō)
* → Korean: 공장(工匠) (gongjang)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 工 | 匠 |
| こう Grade: 2 | しょう Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こーしょー [kòóshóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ko̞ːɕo̞ː]

### Noun

工(こう)匠(しょう) • (kōshō)
* craftsman

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 工 | 匠 |

### Noun

工匠 • (gongjang) (hangeul 공장)
* hanja form of 공장 (“craftsman”)