# 大義滅親
## Chinese

| | | principles of justice; Dayi | extinguish | dear; intimate; parentdear; intimate; parent; relation; closely related; parents-in-law of one's offspring |
| trad. (大義滅親) | trad. (大義滅親) | 大義 | 滅 | 親 |
| simp. (大义灭亲) | simp. (大义灭亲) | 大义 | 灭 | 亲 |

### Etymology

From Zuo Zhuan. Zhou Yu (州吁) had murdered his brother, Duke Huan of Wey (衛桓公), and taken his place. But he could not gain the favor of the people of Wey. Shi Que (石碏), an officer loyal to the state, devised a scheme and had the usurper killed. Shi Que's son Shi Hou was a close associate of Zhou Yu, so Shi Que had his son killed as well. The people praised his act (《左傳·隱公四年》):
    君子曰：「石碏，純臣也，惡州籲而厚與焉。『大義滅親』，其是之謂乎！」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]君子曰：「石碏，纯臣也，恶州吁而厚与焉。『大义灭亲』，其是之谓乎！」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's versionJūnzǐ yuē: “Shí Què, chún chén yě, wù Zhōu Yù ér Hòu yǔ yān. ‘dàyì miè qīn’, qí shì zhī wèi hū!” [Pinyin]A superior man may say, "Shi Que was a minister without blemish. He hated Zhou Yu, with whom his own son Hou was art and part; — and did he not so afford an illustration of the saying that great righteousness is supreme over the affections?"

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàyìmièqīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄧˋ ㄇㄧㄝˋ ㄑㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): daai$^6$ ji$^6$ mit$^6$ can$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàyìmièqīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄧˋ ㄇㄧㄝˋ ㄑㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàyìmiècin
*** Wade–Giles: ta$^4$-i$^4$-mieh$^4$-chʻin$^1$
*** Yale: dà-yì-myè-chīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahyihmiehchin
*** Palladius: даимецинь (daimecinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ mi̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: daai$^6$ ji$^6$ mit$^6$ can$^1$
*** Yale: daaih yih miht chān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: daai$^6$ ji$^6$ mit$^9$ tsan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dai$^6$ yi$^6$ mid$^6$ cen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /taːi̯²² jiː²² miːt̚² t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dajH|daH ngjeH mjiet tshin
Rime :
| Character | 大 | 大 | 義 | 滅 | 親 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 定 (7) | 疑 (31) | 明 (4) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (25) | 歌 (94) | 支 (13) | 薛 (81) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 徒蓋切 | 唐佐切 | 宜寄切 | 亡列切 | 七人切 |
| Baxter | dajH | daH | ngjeH | mjiet | tshin |
| Reconstructions ||||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /ŋˠiᴇ$^H$/ | /miᴇt̚/ | /t͡sʰiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /ŋᵚiɛ$^H$/ | /miɛt̚/ | /t͡sʰin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /ŋiɛ$^H$/ | /mjæt̚/ | /t͡sʰjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /daj$^H$/ | /da$^H$/ | /ŋjiə̆$^H$/ | /miat̚/ | /t͡sʰin/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /ŋje$^H$/ | /miɛt̚/ | /t͡sʰiĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑi$^H$/ | /dɑ$^H$/ | /ŋǐe$^H$/ | /mĭɛt̚/ | /t͡sʰĭĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /dʱɑi$^H$/ | /dʱɑ$^H$/ | /ŋie̯$^H$/ | /mi̯ɛt̚/ | /t͡sʰi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dài | duò | yì | miè | qīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | daai$^6$ | do$^6$ | ji$^6$ | mit$^6$ | can$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤat-s|lˤa[t]-s ŋ(r)aj-s [m]et [tsʰ]i[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*daːds ŋrals med sʰin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 大 | 大 | 義 | 滅 | 親 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dà | dà | yì | miè | qīn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ da$^H$ › | ‹ daj$^H$ › | ‹ ngje$^H$ › | ‹ mjiet › | ‹ tshin › |
| Old Chinese | /*lˁat-s/ (MC F!) | /*lˁa[t]-s/ | /*ŋ(r)aj-s/ | /*[m]et/ | /*[tsʰ]i[n]/ |
| English | big | big | duty; justice | destroy | close; parents |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 大 | 大 | 義 | 滅 | 親 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 1934 | 1939 | 13045 | 13942 | 13804 |
| Phonetic component | 大 | 大 | 我 | 戌 | 辛 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 祭 | 歌 | 月 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 䭾 | 大 | 議 | 滅 | 親 |
| Old Chinese | /*daːds/ | /*daːds/ | /*ŋrals/ | /*med/ | /*sʰin/ |
| Notes | | | | 烕轉註 | 說文親（同榛）聲 |

### Idiom

大義滅親
* to place righteousness before family​; to be ready to punish one's own family if justice demands it