# գոս
## Armenian
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Middle Armenian գոս (gos), from Persian کوس (kôs). Eastern Armenian [ɡɔs] is a spelling pronunciation.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /ɡos/, [ɡos]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /kos/, [kʰos]

### Noun

գոս • (gos)
* kettledrum

#### Declension

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian) :
| | singular | plural |
| nominative | գոս (gos) | գոսեր (goser) |
| dative | գոսի (gosi) | գոսերի (goseri) |
| ablative | գոսից (gosicʻ) | գոսերից (gosericʻ) |
| instrumental | գոսով (gosov) | գոսերով (goserov) |
| locative | գոսում (gosum) | գոսերում (goserum) |
| | definite forms | definite forms |
| nominative | գոսը/գոսն (gosə/gosn) | գոսերը/գոսերն (goserə/gosern) |
| dative | գոսին (gosin) | գոսերին (goserin) |
| | 1st person possessive forms (my) | 1st person possessive forms (my) |
| nominative | գոսս (goss) | գոսերս (gosers) |
| dative | գոսիս (gosis) | գոսերիս (goseris) |
| ablative | գոսիցս (gosicʻs) | գոսերիցս (gosericʻs) |
| instrumental | գոսովս (gosovs) | գոսերովս (goserovs) |
| locative | գոսումս (gosums) | գոսերումս (goserums) |
| | 2nd person possessive forms (your) | 2nd person possessive forms (your) |
| nominative | գոսդ (gosd) | գոսերդ (goserd) |
| dative | գոսիդ (gosid) | գոսերիդ (goserid) |
| ablative | գոսիցդ (gosicʻd) | գոսերիցդ (gosericʻd) |
| instrumental | գոսովդ (gosovd) | գոսերովդ (goserovd) |
| locative | գոսումդ (gosumd) | գոսերումդ (goserumd) |

### Further reading

* Aġayan, Ēduard (1976) “գոս”, in Ardi hayereni bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Explanatory Dictionary of Contemporary Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Hayastan

## Middle Armenian
### Alternative forms

* քօզ (kʻōz)

### Etymology

From Persian کوس (kôs).
Not connected with գուսան (gusan), despite Bailey 1934. It should be borne in mind that Middle Armenian գ (g) represents here /kʰ/.

### Noun

գոս • (gos) (nominative plural գոսեր)
* kettledrum
** 1145, Nersēs Šnorhali, Ołb Edesioy [Elegy on the Fall of Edessa] :Փողս եւ գոսերս գոչէին, իբրեւ յամպոցն որոտային […] Pʻoġs ew gosers gočʻēin, ibrew yampocʻn orotayin […]Translation by Theo van LintThey blew the trumpet and struck the kettle-drum, they thundered like the clouds […]

#### Descendants

* → Armenian: գոս (gos)

### References

* ↑ Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 264
* ↑ van Lint, Theo (1999) “Lament on Edessa by Nersēs Šnorhali”, in Krijna Ciggaar, Herman Teule, editors, East and West in the Crusader States: Context, Contacts, Confrontations II, Leuven: Peters, page 73 of 49–105

### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գոս”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 582ab
* Асатрян, Г. С. (2013) “Парфянское gōsān [Parthian gōsān]”, in С. Р. Тохтасьев, П. Б. Лурье, editors, Commentationes Iranicae. Сборник статей к 90-летию Владимира Ароновича Лившица‎ (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya, →ISBN, page 103 of 102–105
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “գոս”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Bailey, H. W. (1934) “Iranica (II)”, in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society‎, number 3, page 515
* Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 64a
* Ġazaryan, Ṙuben, Avetisyan, Henrik (2009) “գոս”, in Miǰin hayereni baṙaran [Dictionary of Middle Armenian] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press
* Norayr N. Biwzandacʻi (2000) “գոս”, in Martiros Minassian, editor, Baṙagirkʻ storin hayerēni i matenagrutʻeancʻ ŽA–ŽĒ darucʻ [Dictionary of Middle Armenian Based on the Literature of 11–17th Centuries]‎, edited from the author's unfinished manuscript written 1884–1915, Geneva: Martiros Minassian, page 146
* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գոս”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy