# 剋

| 剋 | U+524B, &#21067; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-524B |
| ← 削 [U+524A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 剌 → [U+524C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

剋 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 十山中弓 (JULN) or 難十山中弓 (XJULN), four-corner 4221$_0$, composition ⿺克刂)

#### Derived characters

* 𡞢

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 140, character 13
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2009
* Dae Jaweon: page 318, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 339, character 3
* Unihan data for U+524B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 克 | *kʰɯːɡ |
| 剋 | *kʰɯːɡ |
| 勊 | *kʰɯːɡ |

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kè (ke$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hak$^1$ / haak$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khek / khiak
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kiog$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$kheq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kè
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kè
*** Wade–Giles: kʻo$^4$
*** Yale: kè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keh
*** Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hak$^1$ / haak$^1$
*** Yale: hāk / hāak
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hak$^7$ / haak$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: heg$^1$ / hag$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐk̚⁵/, /haːk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khek
*** Tâi-lô: khik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qeg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰiɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak
*** Tâi-lô: khiak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiak̚⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kiog$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khiok
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰiok̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$kheq
*** MiniDict: kheh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$kheq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰəʔ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: khok
Rime :
| Character | 剋 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 德 (131) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 苦得切 |
| Baxter | khok |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰək̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰək̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰək̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰək̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰək̚/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /kʰək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | ke |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hak$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯːɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 剋 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 7481 |
| Phonetic component | 克 |
| Rime group | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 刻 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰɯːɡ/ |

#### Definitions

剋
* to counteract; to work against; to conflict (especially of one's fate with someone else)
    相剋／相克 ― xiāngkè ― to contradict one another
       keoi$^5$ jat$^1$ ceot$^1$ sai$^3$ zau$^6$ haak$^1$ sei$^2$ zo$^2$ keoi$^5$ aa$^3$ maa$^1$. [Jyutping]
       He was destined to have his fate conflict with his mother to the point of her death as soon as he was born.
    某剋翁。／某克翁。 [Hokkien] ― Bó͘ khek ang. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― The wife is bringing bad luck to his husband due to a conflict in fate
* (literary) to overcome; to subdue; to capture; to defeat; to vanquish; to prevail; to surmount; to overthrow
* (literary) to restrain; to cut down
* (literary) to be able to
* (literary) severe; harsh
* (literary) to injure; to harm
* (literary) to digest
* (literary) to set a time limit

##### Synonyms

* (to overcome): 戰勝／战胜 (zhànshèng), 克 (kè)

#### Compounds

* 刑剋／刑克
* 剋剝／克剥
* 剋化／克化
* 剋嗇／克啬
* 剋夫／克夫 (kèfū)
* 剋意／克意 (kèyì)
* 剋扣／克扣 (kèkòu)
* 剋日／克日 (kèrì)
* 剋星／克星 (kèxīng)
* 剋期／克期 (kèqī)
* 剋核／克核
* 剋落／克落
* 天剋地衝／天克地冲
* 慳吝苦剋／悭吝苦克
* 扣剋／扣克
* 掊剋／掊克
* 沖剋／冲克
* 相剋／相克 (xiāngkè)
* 相生相剋／相生相克
* 衝剋／冲克
* 裒剋／裒克

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kēi (kei$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄟ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kēi
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kei
*** Wade–Giles: kʻei$^1$
*** Yale: kēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kei
*** Palladius: кэй (kɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰeɪ̯⁵⁵/

#### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 刻 (MC khok) (cf. Sun, 2018, p. 518).

#### Definitions

剋
* (colloquial) to scold; to censure
* (colloquial) to beat
* (dialectal) to dig (with the hand)

#### Compounds

* 挨剋 (áikēi)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): こく (koku)
* Kun: かつ (katsu, 剋つ)

## Korean
### Hanja

剋 • (geuk) (hangeul 극, revised geuk, McCune–Reischauer kŭk)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

剋: Hán Việt readings: khắc
剋: Nôm readings: khắc
* chữ Hán form of khắc (“beat, hit (in casual language)”).
* chữ Hán form of khắc (“scold, rebuke (in casual language)”).
* Nôm form of khắc (“opposite”).

#### References

* 1 2 Trần (2004).
* ↑ Trần (1999).
* ↑ Nguyễn (1974).
* ↑ Thiều Chửu (1942).
* ↑ Hồ (1976).