# vif
## Bavarian
### Etymology

From French vif, from Middle French vif, from Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”), from Proto-Italic *gʷīwos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vif/

### Adjective

vif (comparative vifer, superlative vifstn) (chiefly Austria)
* vivid, bright, smart, witty

## French
### Etymology

Inherited from Middle French vif, from Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”), from Proto-Italic *gʷīwos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /vif/
* Audio:(file)
* Audio (Paris):(file)
* Homophone: vifs

### Adjective

vif (feminine vive, masculine plural vifs, feminine plural vives)
* (archaic except in set phrases) alive
    Synonyms: vivant, en vie
    mort ou vif ― dead or alive
* lively, brisk
* vivid, bright
* keen, sharp
* (words) poignant, cutting, sharp
* (edges) sharp, jagged
* (medicine) acute, intense, strong
* (feelings, emotions) great, deep

#### Usage notes

* In the sense “great, deep”, the adjective is placed before the noun, e.g. vif plaisir (“great pleasure”), vive tristesse (“deep sadness”). In all other senses it comes after the noun, e.g. vent vif (“keen wind”), musique vive (“lively music”).

#### Derived terms

* de vive voix
* écorché vif
* forces vives
* mémoire vive
* vivement

#### Related terms

* vivre
* en vif

### Noun

vif m (plural vifs)
* (obsolete) living person
    Synonym: vivant
* flesh, living flesh
    avoir les nerfs à vif ― to be on edge (literally, “to have raw nerves”)
    piquer au vif ― to cut to the quick
    entrer dans le vif du sujet ― to get to the heart of the matter

### Further reading

* “vif”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

## German
### Etymology

From French vif, from Middle French vif, from Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”), from Proto-Italic *gʷīwos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /viːf/
* Audio:(file)
* Rhymes: -iːf

### Adjective

vif (strong nominative masculine singular vifer, not comparable)
* (Austria, Bavaria, Switzerland, dated everywhere else) vivid, bright, smart, witty

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “vif” in Duden online
* “vif” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
* “vif” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “vif” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.

## Middle French
### Etymology

From Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”).

### Adjective

vif m (feminine singular vifve, masculine plural vifs, feminine plural vifes)
* alive

## Norman
### Etymology

From Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”).

### Adjective

vif m
* (Jersey) alive, quick

#### Derived terms

* vivement

## Old French
### Etymology

From Latin vīvus (“alive, living”).

### Adjective

vif m (oblique and nominative feminine singular vive)
* alive

#### Declension

| Number | Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Singular | Subject | vis or less commonly vifs | vive | vif |
| Singular | Oblique | vif | vive | vif | vive | vif |
| Plural | Subject | vif | vives | vif | vif |
| Plural | Oblique | vis or less commonly vifs | vives | vif | vives | vif |

#### Descendants

* Middle French: vif
** French: vif
* Norman: vif

## Volapük
### Noun

vif
* rapidity
* speed