OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# tetrahedrane
## English
### Noun

tetrahedrane (countable and uncountable, plural tetrahedranes)
* (organic chemistry) A hypothetical Platonic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula, C$_4$H$_4$, and a tetrahedral structure.

#### See also

* cubane
* dodecahedrane

### Further reading

* tetrahedrane on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# Hinaliʻi
## Hawaiian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hi.naˈli.ʔi/, [hi.nəˈli.ʔi]

### Proper noun

Hinaliʻi
* Alpha Persei (Mirfak), a star in the constellation Perseus
# эмчек
## Kyrgyz
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *em-ček (“breast; nipple”). Cognate with Bashkir имсәк (imsək), Kazakh емшек (emşek), Southern Altai эмчек (emček), Crimean Tatar emçek, Kumyk эмчек (emçek), Uzbek emchak, Turkmen emjek, etc.

### Noun

эмчек • (emcek) (Arabic spelling ەمچەك)
* breast

## Southern Altai
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *em-ček (“breast; nipple”). Cognate with Bashkir имсәк (imsək), Kazakh емшек (emşek), Kyrgyz эмчек (emcek), Crimean Tatar emçek, Kumyk эмчек (emçek), Uzbek emchak, Turkmen emjek, etc.

### Noun

эмчек • (emček)
* breast
* nipple

### References

* Čumakajev A. E., editor (2018), “эмчек”, in Altajsko-russkij slovarʹ [Altaic–Russian Dictionary], Gorno-Altaysk: NII altaistiki im. S.S. Surazakova, →ISBN
* N. A. Baskakov, Toščakova N.A, editor (1947), “эмчек”, in Ojrotsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Oyrot-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: M.: OGIZ, →ISBN
# chhatra
## English
### Noun

chhatra (plural chhatras)
* (India) Alternative form of chatra.
** 1838, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. 7, part 2:A gift of land is held to be complete in all its parts, when accompanied by a couch shell, a seat of honor, a chhatra, a good horse and a good carriage.
** 1997, Kiran Nagarkar, Cuckold, HarperCollins, published 2013, page 583:All the emblems of sovereignty including the chhatra were in place on Father's elephant and war was resumed.
** 2008, A Satish Babu, Tourism Development in India, page 89:Originally mounted on a circular drum was the dome or the hemispherical super structure crowned by a railed harmika and a chhatra.
# nubibus
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈnuː.bi.bus/, [ˈnuːbɪbʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈnu.bi.bus/, [ˈnuːbibus]

### Noun

nūbibus
* dative/ablative plural of nūbēs
# underhang
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ hang.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

underhang (third-person singular simple present underhangs, present participle underhanging, simple past and past participle underhung)
* (transitive) To suspend; hang.
** 2005, Steve Cory, Decks: Plan, Design, Build:Though less commonly done, it is best to underhang framing pieces — such as letting the girder extend well beyond the end joists if the girder is especially attractive.

### Noun

underhang (plural underhangs)
* That which underhangs.
** 1987, Patricia Volk, White light:A piece of oatmeal stuck in the underhang of Roy's lip. May sipped her morning coffee, watching it bob as he spoke.
** 1966, IEEE Industry, General Applications Group, IEEE transactions on industry and general applications: Volume 2:This spreads the angle of the copper to between 35 and 40 degrees from the 30-degree underhang and pushes the insulated nose of the steel V outward enough to fracture the mica segment [...].
# 黃家口
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Huángjiākǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄎㄡˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Huángjiākǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄎㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Huángjiakǒu
*** Wade–Giles: Huang$^2$-chia$^1$-kʻou$^3$
*** Yale: Hwáng-jyā-kǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Hwangjiakoou
*** Palladius: Хуанцзякоу (Xuanczjakou)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Proper noun

黃家口
* (～鎮) Huangjiakou (a town in Honghu, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)
# قلاده
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قِلَادَة (qilāda, “pendant, necklace”).

### Noun

قلاده • (kılade) (plural قلائد (kalaʾid))
* necklace, an article of jewelry that is worn around the neck
    Synonym: گردنلك (gerdenlik)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: kılade

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kılade”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2599
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قلاده”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 967
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Monile”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1075
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قلاده”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3738
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قلاده”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1468

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قِلَادَة (qilāda, “pendant, necklace”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [qi.lɑː.ˈða]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɪ.lɑː.d̪ǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɪ.lɑː.d̪ǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [qɪ.lɑː.d̪ǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [qi.lɔː.d̪ǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [qe.lɒː.d̪é]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [qi.lɔ.d̪ǽ]

### Noun

قلاده • (qelâde)
* animal collar, leash
* A classifier for counting animals.
    ۶۰۰۰ قلاده پاندا ― 6000 qelâde pândâ ― 6,000 pandas
* (obsolete) pendant, necklace

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “قلاده”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
# kaasu-nestekromatografia
## Finnish
### Etymology

kaasu +‎ neste +‎ kromatografia

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkɑːsuˌnesteˣˌkromɑtoˌɡrɑfiɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝ːs̠uˌne̞s̠te̞k̚ˌkro̞mɑ̝t̪o̞ˌɡrɑ̝fiɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -ɑfiɑ
* Syllabification: kaa‧su‧nes‧te‧kro‧ma‧to‧gra‧fi‧a

### Noun

kaasu-nestekromatografia
* gas-liquid chromatography

#### Declension

Possessive forms of kaasu-nestekromatografia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation) :
# Keimoka
## Hawaiian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kei̯ˈmo.ka/, [kejˈmo.kə]

### Proper noun

Keimoka
* Deimos (moon of Mars)
# رزاز
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ra.zaːz/

#### Noun

رَزَاز • (razāz) m (collective, singulative رَزَازَة f (razāza))
* Obsolete form of رَصَاص (raṣāṣ, “lead, tin”).

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Occupational noun of رُزّ (ruzz, “rice”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raz.zaːz/

#### Noun

رَزَّاز • (razzāz) m (feminine رَزَّازَة (razzāza))
* rice vendor
# TenE
## San Juan Quiahije Chatino
### Alternative forms

* TenH (SHML tones)
* Tenᴱ (Alphabetic tones)

### Noun

TenE
* (colloquial) buddy or tot
# Trakehner
## English
### Etymology

The horse breed was developed at the East Prussian state stud farm in the town of Trakehnen.

### Noun

Trakehner (plural Trakehners)
* A light warmblood breed of horse.
* An obstacle for a horse to jump over, consisting of a rail over a ditch.

### Further reading

* Trakehner on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
# underplant
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ plant.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

underplant (third-person singular simple present underplants, present participle underplanting, simple past and past participle underplanted)
* (transitive) To plant underneath.
** 2007 August 23, Charles Elliott, “Organic Looks Easy, if You’ve Got a Royal Staff”, in New York Times‎:Such small, exquisite enclosures as the Sundial Garden beside the house, planted by Mr. Howard with near-black and white perennials chosen to bloom sequentially for 10 months of the year, or the Azalea Walk, with its underplanting of bulbs and season-extending clematis, cannot take care of themselves.
* (transitive) To plant too little of.

### Noun

underplant (plural underplants)
* A plant that has been planted underneath others.

### Anagrams

* Puntlander
# 马军礁老
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 马军礁老 – see 馬軍礁老 (“Maguindanao”). (This term is the simplified form of 馬軍礁老).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# Dunčko
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdunt͡ʃkɔ]

### Proper noun

Dunčko m pers (female equivalent Dunčková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Dunčko”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# lähi-infrapuna
## Finnish
### Etymology

lähi- +‎ infrapuna

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlæhiˌ(ʔ)infrɑˌpunɑ/, [ˈlæɦiˌ(ʔ)iɱfrɑ̝ˌpunɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -unɑ
* Syllabification: lä‧hi‧inf‧ra‧pu‧na

### Noun

lähi-infrapuna
* near infrared

#### Declension

Possessive forms of lähi-infrapuna (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) :
# Kione
## Hawaiian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kiˈo.ne/, [tiˈjo.ne]

### Proper noun

Kione
* Dione (moon of Saturn)
# ksx
## Translingual
### Symbol

ksx
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Kedang.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Kedang terms
# kamaradecon
## Esperanto
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kamaradˈet͡son]
* Rhymes: -et͡son
* Hyphenation: ka‧ma‧rad‧e‧con

### Noun

kamaradecon
* accusative of kamaradeco
# pôžitok
## Slovak
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpu̯oʒitɔk]

### Noun

pôžitok m inan
* delight, pleasure, enjoyment
    Synonyms: slasť, veselie
** (Can we date this quote?), Krajina vína Dolné Rakúsko‎:Najlepšie sa je vydať na výnimočnú vínnu cestu a na vlastnej koži zažiť, čo je to skutočný pôžitok.The best way is to embark on an exceptional wine journey and experience for yourself what true enjoyment is all about.

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “pôžitok”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# Kalanchoe laetivirens
## Translingual
### Etymology

From Kalanchoe + Latin laetus (“fertile, lush”) + Latin virens (“green, flourishing”).

### Proper noun

Kalanchoe laetivirens f
* A taxonomic species within the family Crassulaceae – one of several Kalanchoe plants known as the mother of thousands, native to southwestern Madagascar.

#### Hypernyms

* (species): Saxifragales – order; Crassulaceae – family; Sempervivoideae – subfamily; Kalanchoeae – tribe; Kalanchoe – genus

### References

* Kalanchoe laetivirens on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Kalanchoe laetivirens on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Kalanchoe laetivirens on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# 马其顿语
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 马其顿语 – see 馬其頓語 (“the Macedonian language”). (This term is the simplified form of 馬其頓語).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# Ďurčová
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɟurt͡ʃɔvaː]

### Proper noun

Ďurčová f
* a female surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Ďurčová”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# LLNL
## English
### Proper noun

LLNL
* (US) Initialism of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
# Kuikilana
## Hawaiian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ku.i.kiˈla.na/, [ku.wi.tiˈlɐ.nə]

### Proper noun

Kuikilana
* Alternative form of Kuikilani
# Hybner
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɦɪbnɛr]

### Proper noun

Hybner m anim (female equivalent Hybnerová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Hybner”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# Mobbing
## German
### Etymology

Borrowed from English mobbing.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmɔbɪŋ/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Mobbing n (strong, genitive Mobbings, no plural)
* bullying
* mobbing

#### Derived terms

* Cyber-Mobbing

#### Related terms

* mobben

### Further reading

* “Mobbing” in Duden online
# zmätok
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzmɛɐ̯tɔk]

### Noun

zmätok m inan (related adjective zmätkový or zmätočný)
* chaos

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “zmätok”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# underrotate
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ rotate.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

underrotate (third-person singular simple present underrotates, present participle underrotating, simple past and past participle underrotated)
* To rotate insufficiently.
** 2007 December 15, The Associated Press, “South Korean Tops Skaters Despite Miss”, in The New York Times‎, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-06-05:Kim's hands down on her triple flip cost her the combination jump, but other mistakes in the women's competition were more costly: the world silver medalist Mao Asada of Japan skipped a jump and finished in last place, just behind the United States champion Kimmie Meissner, who was fifth, after she underrotated her triple-triple combination.
# 鹿角蟲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lùjiǎochóng
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄔㄨㄥˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lùjiǎochóng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄔㄨㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lùjiǎochóng
*** Wade–Giles: lu$^4$-chiao$^3$-chʻung$^2$
*** Yale: lù-jyǎu-chúng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luhjeauchorng
*** Palladius: луцзяочун (luczjaočun)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/

### Noun

鹿角蟲
* stag beetle
# Ďuriak
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈɟuri̯ak]

### Proper noun

Ďuriak m pers (female equivalent Ďuriaková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Ďuriak”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# sub-Earth
## English
### Noun

sub-Earth (plural sub-Earths)
* (astronomy) A planet that is substantially less massive than Earth and Venus.
    Coordinate term: super-Earth
# jipen
## Welsh
### Noun

jipen
* (colloquial) Soft mutation of tsipen.
# 沉住氣
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chénzhùqì
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄣˊ ㄓㄨˋ ㄑㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cam$^4$ zyu$^6$ hei$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chénzhùqì
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄣˊ ㄓㄨˋ ㄑㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chénjhùcì
*** Wade–Giles: chʻên$^2$-chu$^4$-chʻi$^4$
*** Yale: chén-jù-chì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chernjuhchih
*** Palladius: чэньчжуци (čɛnʹčžuci)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cam$^4$ zyu$^6$ hei$^3$
*** Yale: chàhm jyuh hei
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsam$^4$ dzy$^6$ hei$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cem$^4$ ju$^6$ héi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐm²¹ t͡syː²² hei̯³³/

### Verb

沉⫽住⫽氣 (verb-complement-object)
* to restrain one's emotions and keep calm; to keep a cool head
# Wingert
## English
### Proper noun

Wingert (plural Wingerts)
* A surname from German.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, Wingert is the 9607th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 3383 individuals. Wingert is most common among White (95.48%) individuals.

## German
### Etymology

From a Middle High German contraction wingart, from wīngart(e). See Weingarten for more.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈvɪŋɐt/
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Wingert m (strong, genitive Wingerts, plural Wingerte)
* (regional, western Germany, Southern Germany, Switzerland) Alternative form of Weingarten (“vineyard”)

#### Coordinate terms

* Bungert

### Further reading

* “Wingert” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “Wingert” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
* “Wingert” in Duden online
# petržlen
## Slovak
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈpetr̩ʒʎen]

### Noun

petržlen m inan (related adjective petržlenový)
* parsley

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “petržlen”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# understructure
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ structure.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

understructure (plural understructures)
* The supporting structure underneath something, such as a vehicle or bridge.
** 2008 January 22, Kirk Johnson, “Strength Renewed, a Grand Old Building Is Back”, in New York Times‎:Four small suspension bridges, complete with towers and cables like those on the span across the East River, are now encased inside the Capitol’s subbasement understructure.

### Anagrams

* unrestructured
# 黑膠綢
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hēijiāochóu
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄟ ㄐㄧㄠ ㄔㄡˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haak$^1$ gaau$^1$ cau$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hēijiāochóu
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄟ ㄐㄧㄠ ㄔㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: heijiaochóu
*** Wade–Giles: hei$^1$-chiao$^1$-chʻou$^2$
*** Yale: hēi-jyāu-chóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heijiauchour
*** Palladius: хэйцзяочоу (xɛjczjaočou)
*** Sinological IPA : /xeɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haak$^1$ gaau$^1$ cau$^4$
*** Yale: hāak gāau chàuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haak$^7$ gaau$^1$ tsau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hag$^1$ gao$^1$ ceo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /haːk̚⁵ kaːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐu̯²¹/

### Noun

黑膠綢
* gambiered Guangdong silk (a rust-colored variety of summer silk)

#### Synonyms

* 莨綢／莨绸 (liángchóu)
* 拷綢／拷绸 (kǎochóu)
# ragom
## Maranao
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀum, from Proto-Austronesian *zaʀum. Akin to Maguindanao ragum.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Noun

ragom
* needle
# Jewbags
## English
### Noun

Jewbags
* plural of Jewbag
# Makawela
## Hawaiian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.kaˈwe.la/, [mə.kəˈʋɛ.lə]

### Proper noun

Makawela
* Beta Carinae (star)
# pararamus
## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /pa.raːˈraː.mus/, [päräːˈräːmʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /pa.raˈra.mus/, [päräˈräːmus]

### Verb

parārāmus
* first-person plural pluperfect active indicative of parō
# Bungerte
## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

Bungerte
* nominative/accusative/genitive plural of Bungert
# فول
## Arabic
### Etymology

Claimed to be borrowed from Aramaic פֹּולא (pōlā, “bean”), which is supported by the names of other grain-yielding legumes حِمَّص (ḥimmaṣ, “chickpea”), بَاقِلّاء (bāqillāʔ, “broad bean”), تُرْمُس (turmus, “lupin”), خُلَّر (ḵullar), جُلُبَّان (julubbān, “grasspea”), فَصْفَص (faṣfaṣ, “lucerne”) being borrowed from Aramaic, though عَدَس (ʕadas, “lentils”) is an example against this. Ultimately perchance from Proto-Semitic *pūl- (“bean, corn, seed, grains, little pieces”); possibly distantly related to Egyptian prj (“to emerge”) and prt (“growing season”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /fuːl/

### Noun

فُول • (fūl) m (collective, singulative فُولَة f (fūla), plural أَفْوَال (ʔafwāl))
* fava beans, fava (Vicia faba)

#### Derived terms

* فُول مُدَمَّس (fūl mudammas, “ful medames”)
* فُولٌ سُودَانِيّ (fūlun sūdāniyy, “peanut”)

### References

* “pwl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 143
* Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 312
* Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 492

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic فُول (fūl, “fava bean”).

#### Noun

فول • (ful)
* broad bean (Vicia faba)
    Synonym: باقلا (bakla)

### Etymology 2
#### Noun

فول • (ful)
* Alternative spelling of فل (ful, “sweet mock orange”)

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Greek φώλι (fóli, “nest egg”), a derivative of φωλιά (foliá), ultimately from Ancient Greek φωλεός (phōleós, “den, lair”).

#### Noun

فول • (fol)
* nest egg, a natural or artificial egg placed in a bird's nest

##### Derived terms

* فوللق (folluk)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: fol, fala, fal, hol, höl, holu (dialectal)

### Further reading

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فول”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 915
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “فول”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 3559–3560
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fol”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فول”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1401
# underproductivity
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ productivity.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

underproductivity (uncountable)
* The quality of being underproductive.
** 2008 April 2, “Equal Time for Mental Health Care”, in New York Times‎:Philosophical and biological questions aside, mental illnesses cost billions in health care costs, disability benefits, economic underproductivity, the criminal justice system and foster care, among others.
# 麪豉
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 麪豉 – see 麵豉 (“fermented soybean paste; miso”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 麵豉).
# Eštok
## Slovak
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from Hungarian Estók?”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈeʃtɔk]

### Proper noun

Eštok m pers (female equivalent Eštoková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Eštok”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# Herzogenrathers
## German
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈhɛʁt͡soːɡn̩ˌʁaːtɐs]
* Hyphenation: Her‧zo‧gen‧ra‧thers

### Noun

Herzogenrathers
* genitive singular of Herzogenrather
# Makelika
## Hawaiian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.keˈli.ka/, [mə.keˈli.kə]

### Proper noun

Makelika
* Madrid (the capital city of Spain)