# علي
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1

* Root
* ع ل ي (ʕ l y)
* 20 terms
Ultimately from Proto-Semitic *ʕall-, *ʕaly- (“to be high; exalted”), from Proto-Afroasiatic *ʕal-, *ʕVl(ay)- (“to be high, tall; to rise, ascend”).
Cognate with Hebrew עָלָה (ʿalá, “to ascend, rise, grow, develop”), Hebrew עלי (ʿeli, “ascent”) and thereby Eli.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.li.ja/
* Rhymes: -ijj

#### Verb

عَلِيَ • (ʕaliya) I (non-past يَعْلَى (yaʕlā), verbal noun عَلَاء (ʕalāʔ))
* (intransitive) to be exalted, high
* (intransitive) to excel, to stand out

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.2

From the root ع ل و (ʕ-l-w) or ع ل ي (ʕ-l-y).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.lijj/

#### Adjective

عَلِيّ • (ʕaliyy) (feminine عَلِيَّة (ʕaliyya), masculine plural عَلِيُّونَ (ʕaliyyūna) or عِلْيَة (ʕilya), feminine plural عَلِيَّات (ʕaliyyāt), elative أَعْلَىٰ (ʔaʕlā))
* high, tall
* exalted, lofty, excellent

##### Synonyms

* عَالٍ (ʕālin)

##### Descendants

* → Ottoman Turkish: علی (alî)
* → Persian: علی ('ali)
(via feminine form عَلِيَّة (ʕaliyya)):
* → Ottoman Turkish: علیه (aliyye)
** Turkish: aliyye
* → Persian: علیه ('aliyye)

#### Proper noun

عَلِيّ • (ʕaliyy) m
* a male given name, Ali
* ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib, the son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through Ali's marriage to the Islamic prophet's daughter, Fāṭimah al-Zahrāʾ, recognized as the Islamic prophet's fourth rightly-guided successor in most of Sunni Islam and as the Islamic prophet's first legitimate successor in Shia Islam

##### Derived terms

* عَلَوِيّ (ʕalawiyy)

##### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: Əli
* → Bashkir: Ғәли (Ğəli)
* → Bengali: আলী (alī)
* → English: Ali
* → Northern Luri: عںڵی (əłi)
* → Ottoman Turkish: علی (ali)
** → Turkish: Ali
* → Persian: علی ('ali)
* → Somali: Cali
* → Swahili: Ali
* → Tatar: Гали (Ğali)

##### See also

Ali's birthname:
* حَيْدَر (ḥaydar)
* حَيْدَرَة (ḥaydara)
Vocative phrases:
* يَا عَلِيّ (yā ʕaliyy)
* يَا عَلِيّ مَدَد (yā ʕaliyy madad)
Honorifics & eulogies
* عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام (ʕalayhi s-salām)
* كَرَّمَ اللهُ وَجْهَه (karrama llāhu wajhah)
Titles & kunyas:
* أَبُو الْحَسَن (ʔabū l-ḥasan)
* أَبُو الْحَسَنَيْن (ʔabū l-ḥasanayn)
* أَبُو تُرَاب (ʔabū turāb)
* أَمِير النَّحْل (ʔamīr an-naḥl)
* أَمِير الْمُؤْمِنِين (ʔamīr al-muʔminīn)
* الْكَرَّار (al-karrār)
* اَلْمُرْتَضىٰ (al-murtaḍā)
* يَعْسُوب الدِّين (yaʕsūb ad-dīn)
Family (see also: Ahl al-Bayt):
* حَسَن (ḥasan)
* حُسَيْن (ḥusayn)
* فَاطِمَة (fāṭima)
* مُحَمَّد (muḥammad)
Rashidun Caliphs:
* أَبُو بَكْر (ʔabū bakr)
* عُثْمَان (ʕuṯmān)
* عُمَر (ʕumar)
Major Muslim sects & Khawarij (mainly divided on the issue of Ali):
* إِبَاضِيَّة (ʔibāḍiyya)
* خَوَارِج (ḵawārij)
* سُنَّة (sunna)
* شِيعَة (šīʕa)
Shi'a (Arabic for Partisans (of Ali)) sects:
* إِمَامِيَّة (ʔimāmiyya)
* اِثْنَا عَشْرِيّة (iṯnā ʕašriyya)
* جَعْفَرِيَّة (jaʕfariyya)
* زَيْدِيَّة (zaydiyya)
* إِسْمَاعِيلِيَّة (ʔismāʕīliyya)
* مُسْتَعْلِيَّة (mustaʕliyya)
* نِزَارِيَّة (nizāriyya)
Descriptions & slurs:
* رَافِضِيّ (rāfiḍiyy)
* نَاصِبِيّ (nāṣibiyy)

### Etymology 1.3

* Root
* ع ل ي (ʕ l y)
* 20 terms

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕalj/

#### Noun

عَلْي • (ʕaly) m
* verbal noun of عَلَى (ʕalā) (form I)

##### Declension
### Etymology 1.4

* Root
* ع ل ي (ʕ l y)
* 20 terms

#### Verb

عُلِيَ • (ʕuliya) (form I) /ʕu.li.ja/
* third-person masculine singular past passive of عَلَا (ʕalā)

### Etymology 1.5

* Root
* ع ل ي (ʕ l y)
* 20 terms

#### Verb

عُلِيَ • (ʕuliya) (form I) /ʕu.li.ja/
* third-person masculine singular past passive of عَلَى (ʕalā, “to climb”)

### References

* ↑ Wehr, Hans (1979) “علو”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN.

## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* ع ل ي
* 1 term

### Etymology 1

From Arabic عَلِيَ (ʕaliya).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕi.li/, [ʕɪ.li]

#### Verb

علي • (ʕili) I (non-past يعلى (yiʕla))
* (intransitive) to rise, to be risen
    Antonym: وطي (wiṭi)
* (intransitive) to be exalted, high

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of علي (ʕili) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | عليت (ʕilīt) | عليت (ʕilīt) | علي (ʕili) | علينا (ʕilīna) | عليتوا (ʕilītu) | عليوا (ʕilyu) |
| past | f | عليت (ʕilīt) | عليتي (ʕilīti) | عِلْيَت (ʕilyat) | علينا (ʕilīna) | عليتوا (ʕilītu) | عليوا (ʕilyu) |
| non-past | m | أعلى (ʔaʕla) | تعلى (tiʕla) | يعلى (yiʕla) | نعلى (niʕla) | تعلوا (tiʕlu) | يعلوا (yiʕlu) |
| non-past | f | أعلى (ʔaʕla) | تعلي (tiʕli) | تعلى (tiʕla) | نعلى (niʕla) | تعلوا (tiʕlu) | يعلوا (yiʕlu) |
| imperative | m | | اعلى (aʕla) | | | اعلوا (aʕlu) | |
| imperative | f | | اعلي (aʕli) | | | اعلوا (aʕlu) | |

### Etymology 2

From عَلَى (“on”) +‎ ـيَ (“me”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.laj.ja/

#### Adverb

علي • (ʕalayya)
* on me

### Etymology 3

From Arabic عَلِيّ (ʕaliyy).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.li/

#### Proper noun

عَلِي • (ʕali) m
* a male given name

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕal.li/

#### Verb

علي • (ʕalli)
* second-person masculine singular active imperative of عَلَّى (ʕalla)
    raise!

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ع ل ي
* 4 terms

### Etymology

From Arabic عَلِيَ (ʕaliya).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕi.li/, [ˈʕi.li]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

علي • (ʕili) I (present بعلى (biʕla))
* to rise (the volume, one's voice, etc.)
    Antonym: وطي (wiṭi)

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of علي (ʕili) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | عليت (ʕlīt) | عليت (ʕlīt) | علي (ʕili) | علينا (ʕlīna) | عليتو (ʕlītu) | عليو (ʕilyu) |
| past | f | عليت (ʕlīt) | عليتي (ʕlīti) | عليت (ʕilyat) | علينا (ʕlīna) | عليتو (ʕlītu) | عليو (ʕilyu) |
| present | m | بعلى (baʕla) | بتعلى (btiʕla) | بعلى (biʕla) | بنعلى (mniʕla) | بتعلو (btiʕlu) | بعلو (biʕlu) |
| present | f | بعلى (baʕla) | بتعلي (btiʕli) | بتعلى (btiʕla) | بنعلى (mniʕla) | بتعلو (btiʕlu) | بعلو (biʕlu) |
| subjunctive | m | اعلى (aʕla) | تعلى (tiʕla) | يعلى (yiʕla) | نعلى (niʕla) | تعلو (tiʕlu) | يعلو (yiʕlu) |
| subjunctive | f | اعلى (aʕla) | تعلي (tiʕli) | تعلى (tiʕla) | نعلى (niʕla) | تعلو (tiʕlu) | يعلو (yiʕlu) |
| imperative | m | | اعلى (iʕla) | | | اعلو (iʕlu) | |
| imperative | f | | اعلي (iʕli) | | | اعلو (iʕlu) | |