# 肓

| 肓 | U+8093, &#32915; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8093 |
| ← 肒 [U+8092] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 肔 → [U+8094] |

## Translingual
### Han character

肓 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 卜女月 (YVB), four-corner 0022$_7$, composition ⿱亡月 (GJK) or ⿱亡⺼ (T))
* region between heart and diaphragm

#### Derived characters

* 𤟂

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 973, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29259
* Dae Jaweon: page 1425, character 16
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2046, character 2
* Unihan data for U+8093

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 肓
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 忙 | *maːŋ |
| 芒 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 茫 | *maːŋ |
| 恾 | *maːŋ |
| 吂 | *maːŋ, *maːŋs |
| 汒 | *maːŋ, *maŋs |
| 朚 | *maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs |
| 邙 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 杗 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 荒 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs |
| 肓 | *hmaːŋ |
| 衁 | *hmaːŋ |
| 巟 | *hmaːŋ |
| 詤 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ |
| 慌 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ |
| 謊 | *hmaːŋʔ |
| 喪 | *smaːŋs, *smaːŋ |
| 亡 | *maŋ |
| 望 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 莣 | *maŋ |
| 朢 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 鋩 | *maŋ |
| 硭 | *maŋ |
| 忘 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 网 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 罔 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 蛧 | *maŋʔ |
| 網 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 輞 | *maŋʔ |
| 棢 | *maŋʔ |
| 惘 | *maŋʔ |
| 菵 | *maŋʔ |
| 誷 | *maŋʔ |
| 魍 | *maŋʔ |
| 妄 | *maŋs |
| 盲 | *mraːŋ |
| 蝱 | *mraːŋ |
| 虻 | *mraːŋ |
| 氓 | *mraːŋ |
| 甿 | *mraːŋ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huāng (huang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fong$^1$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): horng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huang
*** Wade–Giles: huang$^1$
*** Yale: hwāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huang
*** Palladius: хуан (xuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fong$^1$
*** Yale: fōng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fong$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: horng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɒŋ⁵³³/
* Middle Chinese: xwang
Rime :
| Character | 肓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 呼光切 |
| Baxter | xwang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hwɑŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hʷɑŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xuɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hwaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /xuɑŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /xuɑŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /xwɑŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fong$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*hmaːŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 肓 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12650 |
| Phonetic component | 亡 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 荒 |
| Old Chinese | /*hmaːŋ/ |

### Definitions

肓
* (traditional Chinese medicine) the part of human body between the heart and the diaphragm, which was thought to be unreachable by medicament

#### Usage notes

肓 (huāng) is not to be confused with 盲 (máng, “blind”).

#### Compounds

* 泉石膏肓
* 病入膏肓 (bìngrùgāohuāng)
* 病在膏肓
* 病染膏肓
* 膏肓 (gāohuāng)
* 膏肓之疾

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “肓”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 94.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* inaccessible region of the body (between the heart and the diaphragm)

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): こう (kō)
* Kun: むなもと (munamoto)

## Korean
### Hanja

肓 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.