# 注射
## Chinese
### Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 注射.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhùshè
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ ㄕㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu$^3$ se$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chu-sa
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chù-siā / chù-siǎ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zu$^3$ sia$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhùshè
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ ㄕㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhùshè
*** Wade–Giles: chu$^4$-shê$^4$
*** Yale: jù-shè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juhsheh
*** Palladius: чжушэ (čžušɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zyu$^3$ se$^6$
*** Yale: jyu seh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzy$^3$ se$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ju$^3$ sé$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syː³³ sɛː²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chu-sa
*** Hakka Romanization System: zu sa
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zu$^4$ sa$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡su⁵⁵ sa⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Taipei, Hsinchu, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Sanxia, Taichung, Tainan, Yilan, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chù-siā
*** Tâi-lô: tsù-siā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zuosia
*** IPA (Lukang): /t͡su³¹⁻⁵³ sia³¹/
*** IPA (Tainan, Yilan): /t͡su²¹⁻⁵³ sia³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su²¹⁻⁴¹ sia³³/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /t͡su¹²⁻⁵³ sia²²/
*** IPA (Singapore): /t͡su²¹⁻⁴² sia²²/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²¹⁻⁵³ sia²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡su¹¹⁻⁵³ sia³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sia⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Lukang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chù-siǎ
*** Tâi-lô: tsù-siǎ
*** IPA (Lukang): /t͡su³¹⁻⁵³ sia³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zu$^3$ sia$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsù siā
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su²¹³⁻⁵⁵ sia¹¹/

### Verb

注射
* (medicine) to inject (into the bloodstream)
    注射用水 ― zhùshè yòng shuǐ ― water for injection
    注射胰島素／注射胰岛素 ― zhùshè yídǎosù ― to inject insulin
       Sānjiǎojī luánsuōzhèng tōngcháng shì yóu fǎnfù jīròu zhùshè huò wàishāng suǒ zàochéng de. [Pinyin]
       Deltoid muscle contracture is usually caused by repeated intramuscular injections or trauma.
* (literary) to spurt; to spray; to jet
* (literary) to speak fluently
* (literary) to shoot with a bow and arrow
* (literary) to focus one's eyes or thoughts

#### Synonyms

* (to inject):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 注射, 打針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 打針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 打針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 打針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 打針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 打針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 打針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 打針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 打針 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 打針 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 打針 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 打針 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 打針 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 打針兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 打針 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 打針 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 打針 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 打針 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 打針 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 打針 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 打針 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 打針 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 打針 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 打針 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 打針 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 打針 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 打針 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 打針 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 打針, 錐針 humorous |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 打針 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 打針 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 打針 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 打針 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 打針, 打洋針 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 打針 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 打針 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 打針 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 打針 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 打針, 啪針 drug |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 打針 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 打針 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 打針 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 打針 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 打針 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 注射 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 注射 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 注射 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 注射 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 注射 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 注射 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 打針 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 打針 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 打針 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 打針 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 打針 |
| Jin | Linhe | 打針 |
| Jin | Jining | 打針 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 打針 |
| Jin | Baotou | 打針 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 打針 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 打針 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 打針 |
| Jin | Handan | 打針 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 𢫦針 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 拍針 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 拍針, 針藥 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 拍針, 針藥 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 拍針, 針藥仔, 針藥 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 注射 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 注射 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 注射 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 注射 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 注射 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 注射 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 注射 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 注射 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 拍針, 注射 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 注射 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 拍針 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 拍針 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 攕針, 拍針 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 拍針 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 拍針 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 拍針 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 拍針 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 拍針 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 打針 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 打針 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 打針 |
* (to spurt): 噴射／喷射 (pēnshè)

#### Derived terms

* 注射器 (zhùshèqì)
* 注射筒 (zhùshètǒng)
* 肌肉注射 (jīròu zhùshè)
* 靜脈注射／静脉注射 (jìngmài zhùshè)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 注 | 射 |
| ちゅう Grade: 3 | しゃ Grade: 6 |
| kan'yōon | kan'on |

### Alternative forms

* (honorific) お注(ちゅう)射(しゃ) (o-chūsha)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ちゅうしゃ [chùúshá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡ɕɨːɕa̠]

### Noun

注(ちゅう)射(しゃ) • (chūsha) (counter 本／筒)
* injection

#### Derived terms

* 注(ちゅう)射(しゃ)器(き) (chūshaki)
* 筋(きん)肉(にく)注(ちゅう)射(しゃ) (kinniku chūsha)
* 静(じょう)脈(みゃく)注(ちゅう)射(しゃ) (jōmyaku chūsha)
* 皮(ひ)下(か)注(ちゅう)射(しゃ) (hika chūsha)
* 皮(ひ)内(ない)注(ちゅう)射(しゃ) (hinai chūsha)
* 美(び)容(よう)注(ちゅう)射(しゃ) (biyō chūsha)
* 予(よ)防(ぼう)注(ちゅう)射(しゃ) (yobō chūsha)

### Verb

注(ちゅう)射(しゃ)する • (chūsha suru) transitive suru (stem 注(ちゅう)射(しゃ)し (chūsha shi), past 注(ちゅう)射(しゃ)した (chūsha shita))
* to inject

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 注射し | ちゅうしゃし | chūsha shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 注射し | ちゅうしゃし | chūsha shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 注射する | ちゅうしゃする | chūsha suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 注射する | ちゅうしゃする | chūsha suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 注射すれ | ちゅうしゃすれ | chūsha sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 注射せよ¹ 注射しろ² | ちゅうしゃせよ¹ ちゅうしゃしろ² | chūsha seyo¹ chūsha shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 注射される | ちゅうしゃされる | chūsha sareru |
| Causative | 注射させる 注射さす | ちゅうしゃさせる ちゅうしゃさす | chūsha saseru chūsha sasu |
| Potential | 注射できる | ちゅうしゃできる | chūsha dekiru |
| Volitional | 注射しよう | ちゅうしゃしよう | chūsha shiyō |
| Negative | 注射しない | ちゅうしゃしない | chūsha shinai |
| Negative continuative | 注射せず | ちゅうしゃせず | chūsha sezu |
| Formal | 注射します | ちゅうしゃします | chūsha shimasu |
| Perfective | 注射した | ちゅうしゃした | chūsha shita |
| Conjunctive | 注射して | ちゅうしゃして | chūsha shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 注射すれば | ちゅうしゃすれば | chūsha sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 注 | 射 |

### Noun

注射 • (jusa) (hangeul 주사)
* hanja form of 주사 (“(medicine) injection; shot”)