# 周公
## Chinese

* 周公 (搞清楚) (Cantonese)
* 周公 (消歧義) (Written Standard Chinese)

### Etymology
#### "dream"

    Based on the Analects:
       久矣吾不復夢見周公。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]久矣吾不复梦见周公。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's versionJiǔ yǐ wú bùfù mèngjiàn Zhōugōng. [Pinyin]For a long time, I have not dreamed, as I was wont to do, that I saw the duke of Zhou.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Zhōugōng
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄡ ㄍㄨㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zau$^1$ gung$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Zhōugōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄡ ㄍㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jhougong
*** Wade–Giles: Chou$^1$-kung$^1$
*** Yale: Jōu-gūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jougong
*** Palladius: Чжоугун (Čžougun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zau$^1$ gung$^1$
*** Yale: jāu gūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzau$^1$ gung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeo$^1$ gung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsyuw kuwng
Rime :
| Character | 周 | 公 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 東 (1) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 職流切 | 古紅切 |
| Baxter | tsyuw | kuwng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨu/ | /kuŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiu/ | /kuŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiəu/ | /kuŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cuw/ | /kəwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiu/ | /kuŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭəu/ | /kuŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/ | /kuŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhōu | gōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zau$^1$ | gung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tiw C.qˤoŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjɯw kloːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 周 | 周 | 公 | 公 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhōu | zhōu | gōng | gōng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyuw › | ‹ tsyuw › | ‹ kuwng › | ‹ kuwng › |
| Old Chinese | /*tiw/ | /*tiw/ | /*C.qˁoŋ/ | /*C.qˁoŋ/ |
| English | Zhōu (dynasty and place) | cycle; all around | impartial, just; public | father; prince |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 周 | 公 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 17531 | 4092 |
| Phonetic component | 周 | 公 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 東 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 周 | 公 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjɯw/ | /*kloːŋ/ |
| Notes | 甲金文象田間稼密， 爲稠初文 | |

### Proper noun

周公
* Duke of Zhou
** 91 C.E., 司馬遷 [Sima Qian], 史記 [Records of the Grand Historian]:
       Wǔwáng jí wèi, Tàigōng Wàng wéi shī, Zhōugōng Dàn wéi fǔ, Zhàogōng, Bìgōng zhī tú zuǒyòu wáng, shī xiū Wénwáng xùyè. [Pinyin]
       When King Wu acceded to the throne, Taigong Wang was the tutor, Dan the Duke of Zhou was the assistant, the Duke of Shao, the Duke of Pi and others all attended the king to the left and to the right. They followed and cultivated King Wen’s legacy.
** c. 475 - 221 BCE, Disciples of Confucius, “述而 [Shu Er]”, in 論語 [The Analects of Confucius]:
       Zǐyuē: “Shèn yǐ wú shuāi yě! Jiǔ yǐ wú bùfù mèngjiàn Zhōugōng.” [Pinyin]
       The Master said, "Extreme is my decline. For a long time, I have not dreamed, as I was wont to do, that I saw the Duke of Zhou."
    From: 馮夢龍 (Feng Menglong),《笑府》(Treasury of Laughs), late Ming dynasty.
    Yī shī zhòuqǐn, jí xǐng, miùyán yuē: “Wǒ nǎi mèng Zhōugōng yě.” Míngzhòu, qí tú xiào zhī. Shī yǐ jièfāng jī xǐng, yuē: “Rǔ hé dé rúcǐ?” Tú yuē: “Yì wǎng jiàn Zhōugōng ěr.” Shī yuē: “Zhōugōng hé yǔ?” Dáyuē: “Zhōugōng shuō zuórì bìng bù céng huì zūnshī.” [Pinyin]
    A teacher dozed off in broad daylight; when he woke up, he said untruthfully: "I was dreaming of the Duke of Zhou." The next day, his pupil did so too; the teacher struck him with a ferule and woke him up. The teacher asked: "How could you do this?" The pupil answered: "I was also dreaming of the Duke of Zhou." The teacher asked: "What did the Duke of Zhou say?". The pupil answered: "The Duke of Zhou said he did not see you, venerable teacher, ever once yesterday."

#### Derived terms

* 周公之禮／周公之礼
* 周公吐哺
* 周公解夢／周公解梦
* 夢周公／梦周公
* 夢見周公／梦见周公
* 搵周公／揾周公

### Noun

周公
* (literary, figurative) dream