# 基本
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīběn
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ ㄅㄣˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gei$^1$ bun$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): gei$^1$ bon$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kî-pún
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gi$^1$ bun$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gĭ-buōng
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi$^1$ bong$^3$ / gi$^1$ buong$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ki-pún
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gi$^1$ bung$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$ci-pen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīběn
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ ㄅㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiběn
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^1$-pên$^3$
*** Yale: jī-běn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jibeen
*** Palladius: цзибэнь (czibɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gei$^1$ bun$^2$
*** Yale: gēi bún
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gei$^1$ bun$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: géi$^1$ bun$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kei̯⁵⁵ puːn³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: gei$^1$ bon$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kei³³ pᵘɔn⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kî-pún
*** Hakka Romanization System: gi$^ˊ$ bun$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gi$^1$ bun$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki²⁴ pun³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gi$^1$ bun$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki⁴⁴⁻³⁵ pun³¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gĭ-buōng
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵⁵⁻⁵³ $^{(p-)}$βuoŋ³³/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gi$^1$ bong$^3$ [Phonetic: gi$^5$ bong$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵³³⁻²¹ pɔŋ⁴⁵³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gi$^1$ buong$^3$ [Phonetic: gi$^5$ buong$^3$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵³³⁻²¹ puoŋ³³²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Longyan, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki-pún
*** Tâi-lô: ki-pún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ki'puon
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ki³³ pun⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ki⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/
*** IPA (Longyan): /ki³³⁴ pun²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ki⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gi$^1$ bung$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ki púng
*** Sinological IPA : /ki³³⁻²³ puŋ⁵²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$ci-pen
*** MiniDict: ci$^平$ pen
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$ji-pen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pən²¹/
* Middle Chinese: ki pwonX
Rime :
| Character | 基 | 本 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 之 (19) | 魂 (55) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 居之切 | 布忖切 |
| Baxter | ki | pwonX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɨ/ | /puən$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kɨ/ | /puon$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kie/ | /puən$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kɨ/ | /pwən$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kiə/ | /puən$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kĭə/ | /puən$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ki/ | /puən$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jī | běn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gei$^1$ | bun$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*k(r)ə C.pˤə[n]ʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kɯ pɯːnʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 基 | 本 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jī | běn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ki › | ‹ pwon$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*k(r)ə/ | /*C.pˁə[n]ʔ/ |
| English | base (n.) | tree trunk |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 基 | 本 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 9930 | 473 |
| Phonetic component | 其 | 本 |
| Rime group | 之 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 姬 | 本 |
| Old Chinese | /*kɯ/ | /*pɯːnʔ/ |

### Noun

基本
* basis; root; fundament

#### Synonyms

* 來源／来源 (láiyuán)
* 出處／出处 (chūchù)
* 大本 (dàběn) (literary)
* 本源 (běnyuán)
* 根 (gēn)
* 根本 (gēnběn)
* 根源 (gēnyuán)
* 根頭／根头 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 泉源 (quányuán)
* 淵源／渊源 (yuānyuán)
* 源 (yuán) (literary, or in compounds)
* 源泉 (yuánquán) (figurative)
* 源頭／源头 (yuántóu) (figurative)
* 濫觴／滥觞 (lànshāng) (literary)
* 由來／由来 (yóulái)
* 起源 (qǐyuán)

### Adjective

基本
* basic; fundamental; elementary; rudimentary
    基本詞彙／基本词汇 ― jīběn cíhuì ― basic vocabulary
    基本假設／基本假设 ― jīběn jiǎshè ― basic assumption
       mǎkèsīzhǔyì jīběn yuánlǐ [Pinyin]
       the basic principles of Marxism
       shēnqǐng rùdǎng de jīběn tiáojiàn [Pinyin]
       basic requirements for applying for party membership
* important; essential; main

#### Synonyms

* (basic): 基礎／基础 (jīchǔ), (attributive) 起碼／起码 (qǐmǎ)
* (important):
* 主要 (zhǔyào) (most important)
* 吃勁／吃劲 (chījìn) (colloquial)
* 吃緊／吃紧 (chījǐn)
* 根本 (gēnběn)
* 當家／当家 (dāngjiā) (attributive, most important)
* 要緊／要紧 (yàojǐn)
* 重大
* 重要 (zhòngyào)
* 關鍵／关键 (guānjiàn)

### Adverb

基本
* overall; on the whole; generally; more or less; in the main

#### Synonyms

* 全盤看來／全盘看来 (quánpán kànlái)
* 基本上 (jīběnshàng)
* 大抵 (dàdǐ)
* 大致上 (dàzhìshang)
* 大都
* 大體／大体 (dàtǐ)
* 大體上／大体上 (dàtǐshang)
* 大體而言／大体而言 (dàtǐ ér yán)
* 總的來說／总的来说 (zǒngdeláishuō)
* 總算／总算 (zǒngsuàn)

### Derived terms

* 全民基本收入 (quánmín jīběn shōurù)
* 基本上 (jīběnshàng)
* 基本功 (jīběngōng)
* 基本區／基本区 (jīběnqū)
* 基本單位／基本单位
* 基本國策／基本国策
* 基本工資／基本工资 (jīběn gōngzī)
* 基本收入 (jīběn shōurù)
* 基本法 (jīběnfǎ)
* 基本相互作用 (jīběn xiānghù zuòyòng)
* 基本矛盾
* 基本粒子 (jīběn lìzǐ)
* 基本詞彙／基本词汇
* 基本點／基本点 (jīběndiǎn)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 基(き)本(ほん) (kihon)
* → Korean: 기본(基本) (gibon)
* → Vietnamese: cơ bản (基本)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 基 | 本 |
| き Grade: 5 | ほん Grade: 1 |
| kan'on ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きほん [kìhóń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲihõ̞ɴ]

### Noun

基(き)本(ほん) • (kihon)
* basis, foundation
* (martial arts) kihon

#### Synonyms

* 基(もと) (moto)
* 基礎(きそ) (kiso)
* 根本(こんぽん) (konpon)

#### Antonyms

* 枝葉(えだは) (edaha, “trivia, nonessential”)
* 応用(おうよう) (ōyō, “advance”)

#### Derived terms

* 基(き)本(ほん)的(てき) (kihonteki): basic, elementary, fundamental
* 基(き)本(ほん)給(きゅう) (kihonkyū): basic salary
* 基(き)本(ほん)財(ざい)産(さん) (kihonzaisan): endowment
* 基(き)本(ほん)数(すう) (kihonsū): monoploid number

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 基 | 本 |

### Noun

基本 • (gibon) (hangeul 기본)
* hanja form of 기본 (“basis, foundation”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 基 | 本 |

### Noun

基本
* chữ Hán form of cơ bản (“basic; essential; fundamental”).

### Adverb

基本
* chữ Hán form of cơ bản (“basically; essentially”).