OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# mitigation
## English
### Etymology

From Middle French mitigation, from Latin mitigatio.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɪtɪˈɡeɪʃən/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -eɪʃən

### Noun

mitigation (countable and uncountable, plural mitigations)
* A reduction or decrease of something harmful or unpleasant.
** 1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XVII, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 213:Two golden hours, in which the astonishing news of the intended party was revealed to Louisa, with all of its contrivances, expenses, and mitigations, so far as they were elucidated, were given and said to be "done in her honour;"...
** 2004, Bhattacharya, K., Azizi, P. M., Shobair, S, S,, Mohsini, M. Y., Drought impacts and potential for their mitigation in southern and western Afghanistan, IWMI (→ISBN)
    One possible drought mitigation strategy for Afghanistan is to divert excess water from water-rich river basins to water-scarce river basins in cases where this is technologically, economically and environmentally feasible.
** 2023 August 23, Chris Howe, “Green screen: HS2's route through the shires”, in RAIL, number 990, page 34:Much of the arable land acquired by HS2 is being used for mitigation planting, in an attempt to achieve the goal set by HS2 Ltd for Phase 1, which will mean there should be no measurable loss of biodiversity after construction of the line compared with what was there before.
** 2023 December 27, Richard Foster, “New rail freight terminal leads the way”, in RAIL, number 999, page 41:Its [the gantry crane's] noise-mitigation characteristics even include a soft-landing feature to minimise the noise when containers are lowered.

#### Related terms

* mitigate
* mitigating
* mitigant

#### Translations
## French
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

mitigation f (plural mitigations)
* mitigation

### Further reading

* “mitigation”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
# berɗe
## Fula
### Alternative forms

* (Maasina) biirnol
* (Maasina) birille
* (Adamawa) uwirde

### Noun

berɗe ɗe
* (Pular) cemetery

### References

* Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
# Bərdə
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Arabic برذعة

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Bərdə
* Barda (a city and district of Azerbaijan)
# bərbər
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Venetan barbièr (Italian barbiere). Probably via Ottoman Turkish بربر (berber) (Turkish berber).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [bærˈbæɾ], [bærˈbæɾ̥]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

bərbər (definite accusative bərbəri, plural bərbərlər)
* hairdresser, barber
    Synonym: dəllək
# birce
## Old English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈbir.t͡ʃe/, [ˈbirˠ.t͡ʃe]

### Noun

birċe f (Anglian)
* Alternative form of bierċe

#### Descendants

* Middle English: birche
** English: birch, birk
# wikiprojets
## French
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wi.ki.pʁɔ.ʒɛ/

### Noun

wikiprojets
* plural of wikiprojet
    Les acteurs de cette validation seront les contributeurs impliqués dans les wikiprojets.The actors of this validation will be the contributors involved in the wikiprojects.
# Posești
## English
### Etymology

From Romanian Posești.

### Proper noun

Posești
* A commune of Prahova, Romania.

## Romanian
### Etymology

From Posea +‎ -ești.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Proper noun

Posești m
* A commune of Prahova, Romania
# bişmək
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *biĺč- (“to become boiled, to ripe”). Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (bış-, “to ripen, be cooked”), Turkish pişmek (“to be cooked, baked, roasted”) Bashkir бешеү (beşew, “to boil, cook”), Chuvash пиҫ (piś, “to boil, stew, cook, ripen”), Kazakh пісу (pısu, “to mature”), Khakas пызарға (pızarğa, “to ripen, stew, cook, sweat”), Kyrgyz бышуу (bışuu, “to mature, ripen”), Turkmen bişmek (“to be cooked”), Uyghur پىشماق (pishmaq), Yakut бус (bus, “to cook, boil, be ready to eat, ripen”).

### Pronunciation

* (Baku) IPA: [piʃˈmæk], [biʃˈmæk]
* (Absheron) IPA: [piʃmej]
* (Tabriz) IPA: [piʃˈmɑχ]
* Hyphenation: biş‧mək
* Audio (Baku):(file)

### Verb

bişmək
* (intransitive) to be cooked, baked, roasted, become ready to eat
    Kartof hələ bişmədi.The potato hasn't cooked [enough] yet.
* (intransitive, figurative) to boil, to sweat, to be warm, to sweat like a pig
    istidən bişmək ― to boil from heat, to sweat in the heat
    Bütün günü bu istidə olmaqdan bişdim.I am boiling of being in this heat all day long.

#### Derived terms

* bişirmək
# selfbeheersing
## Afrikaans
### Etymology

From self +‎ beheersing.

### Noun

selfbeheersing (uncountable)
* self-control, composure
# ĉeĥan
## Esperanto
### Adjective

ĉeĥan
* accusative singular of ĉeĥa
# 枋仔
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): piông-é
    (Hailu, HRS): biong$^ˋ$ er
    (Meixian, Guangdong): biong$^1$ ê$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pang-á
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: piông-é
*** Hakka Romanization System: biong$^ˊ$ e$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: biong$^1$ e$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pi̯oŋ²⁴ e³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: biong$^ˋ$ er
*** Sinological IPA: /pioŋ⁵³ ə⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: biong$^1$ ê$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /piɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋe³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pang-á
*** Tâi-lô: pang-á
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pang'ar
*** IPA (Xiamen): /paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /paŋ³³ a⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴¹/

### Noun

枋仔
* (Hakka, Hokkien) plank; board

#### Synonyms

* 木板 (mùbǎn)
* (Hakka) 枋板, 樹枋仔／树枋仔
* (Hokkien) 柴枋
# çeper
## Northern Kurdish
### Etymology

From Persian چپر (čapar).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃɛˈpɛɾ/
* Rhymes: -ɛɾ

### Noun

çeper f
* fence, hedge
    Synonym: k'ozik
* fortification, rampart, bulwark, barricade, trench, foxhole, ditch

### References

* Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “çeper”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 105
# çəpər
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Persian چپر.

### Noun

çəpər (definite accusative çəpəri, plural çəpərlər)
* enclosure; barrier, fence; palisade

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “çəpər” in Obastan.com.
# paludicultural
## English
### Etymology

From paludiculture +‎ -al.

### Adjective

paludicultural
* Of or pertaining to paludiculture.
# quakes in one's boots
## English
### Verb

quakes in one's boots
* third-person singular simple present indicative of quake in one's boots
# broadened someone's horizons
## English
### Verb

broadened someone's horizons
* simple past and past participle of broaden someone's horizons
# cèmén
## Mandarin
### Romanization

cèmén (Zhuyin ㄘㄜˋ ㄇㄣˊ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 側門／侧门
# caman
## English
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

caman (plural camans)
* Archaic form of caiman.

### Etymology 2

From Irish camán.

#### Noun

caman (plural camans)
* Synonym of shinty (“stick used to hit the ball in the game of shinty”)

##### Related terms

* camogie

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish cammán. By surface analysis, cam (“curved, bent, crooked”) +‎ -an.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkaman/

### Noun

caman m (genitive singular camain, plural camain or camanan)
* (sports) stick, club
* (music) quaver

#### Usage notes

* As a sports term implies its end is curved, so can be used for a shinty, hurling or golf stick, but not eg for a cricket bat.
# cengel
## Amis
### Noun

cengel
* color
# 燈芯
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dēngxīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄥ ㄒㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dang$^1$ sam$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): 'den$^1$ xin$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): tên-sîm
    (Hailu, HRS): den$^ˋ$ sim$^ˋ$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): teng-sim
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$ten-shin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dēngxīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄥ ㄒㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dengsin
*** Wade–Giles: têng$^1$-hsin$^1$
*** Yale: dēng-syīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dengshin
*** Palladius: дэнсинь (dɛnsinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dēngxīnr
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄥ ㄒㄧㄣㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dengsinr
*** Wade–Giles: têng$^1$-hsin$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: dēng-syīnr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dengshiel
*** Palladius: дэнсиньр (dɛnsinʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕiə̯ɻ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dang$^1$ sam$^1$
*** Yale: dāng sām
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dang$^1$ sam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: deng$^1$ sem$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɐŋ⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: 'den$^1$ xin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ˈtɛn⁴² ɕin⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tên-sîm
*** Hakka Romanization System: den$^ˊ$ xim$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: den$^1$ xim$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ten²⁴⁻¹¹ sim²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: den$^ˋ$ sim$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ten⁵³ sim⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: teng-sim
*** Tâi-lô: ting-sim
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dengsym
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɪŋ³³ sim³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$ten-shin
*** MiniDict: ten$^平$ shin
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$ten-xin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /tən⁵⁵ ɕin²¹/

### Noun

燈芯
* wick

#### Synonyms

* (Sichuan) 燈芯子／灯芯子
* (Jin) 燈捻捻／灯捻捻

#### Derived terms

* 燈芯絨／灯芯绒 (dēngxīnróng)
* 燈芯草／灯芯草 (dēngxīncǎo)
# çerx
## Northern Kurdish
### Etymology

from Proto-Iranian *čaxrám (compare Avestan 𐬗𐬀𐬑𐬭𐬀 (caxra, “wheel”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám (compare Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá)), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“wheel, circle”) (Compare Persian چرخ (čarx)).

### Noun

çerx f or m
* wheel
* century

### References

* Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “çerx”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 106

## Zazaki
### Etymology

Compare Persian چرخ (čarx).

### Noun

çerx
* wheel
# çətən
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃæˈtænən], [t͡sæˈtænən]
* Hyphenation: çə‧tən

### Noun

çətən (definite accusative çətəni, plural çətənlər)
* wattle fence

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “çətən” in Obastan.com.
# çətin
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Uncertain. Nişanyan derives it from Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (çat-, “to hit, to smash”) (modern Turkish çatmak). Compare Turkish çetin.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃæˈtin], [t͡sæˈtin]
* Hyphenation: çə‧tin
* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

çətin (comparative daha çətin, superlative ən çətin)
* difficult
    Synonyms: ağır, müşkül, (archaic) düşvar

#### Antonyms

* asan

#### Derived terms

* çətinlik (“difficulty”)

#### Descendants

* → Lezgi: четин (četin)

### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “çetin”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# Çeşme
## Turkish
### Etymology

From Persian چشمه.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tʃʰeʃ.me/

### Proper noun

Çeşme
* A town and district of İzmir, Turkey

#### Derived terms

* Çeşmeli
# çeşmə
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Persian چشمه (češme).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

çeşmə (definite accusative çeşməni, plural çeşmələr)
* spring (water source)
    Synonyms: bulaq, qaynaq
* (figurative) source, origin
    Synonym: mənbə

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “çeşmə” in Obastan.com.
# finds one's feet
## English
### Verb

finds one's feet
* third-person singular simple present indicative of find one's feet
# paying one's debt to society
## English
### Verb

paying one's debt to society
* present participle and gerund of pay one's debt to society
# spring parsley
## English

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!

### Alternative forms

springparsley

### Noun

spring parsley (countable and uncountable, plural spring parsleys)
* A perennial herb of the genus Cymopterus.

#### Derived terms

* pinnate spring parsley (Cymopterus beckii)
* plains spring parsley (Cymopterus glomberatus)
* wide-wing spring parsley (Vesper purpurascens, syn. Cymopterus purpurascens)

### References

* Cymopterus on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Cymopterus on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Cymopterus on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# 燒風
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sêu-fûng
    (Hailu, HRS): shau$^ˋ$ fung$^ˋ$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sio-hoang
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sêu-fûng
*** Hakka Romanization System: seu$^ˊ$ fung$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: seu$^1$ fung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /seu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ fuŋ²⁴/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: shau$^ˋ$ fung$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʃau⁵³ fuŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio-hoang
*** Tâi-lô: sio-huang
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sioi'hoafng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sio³³ huaŋ³³/

### Noun

燒風
* (Hakka, Quanzhou Hokkien) hot wind; hot air
* (Hakka) foehn wind

#### Synonyms

* (hot wind): 熱風／热风 (rèfēng)
* (foehn wind):
* 火燒風／火烧风 (Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese)
* 焚風／焚风 (fénfēng)
* 麒麟𩗗／麒麟飓 (Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese)
# 麒麟飓
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 麒麟飓 – see 麒麟𩗗 (“foehn wind”). (This term is the simplified form of 麒麟𩗗).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# rubbing shoulders
## English
### Verb

rubbing shoulders
* present participle and gerund of rub shoulders
# çələng
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Compare Turkish çelenk / چلنك, Chagatai چلنك (çelenk).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

çələng (definite accusative çələngi, plural çələnglər)
* wreath, garland
    Synonyms: əklil, əkil
# standing the test of time
## English
### Verb

standing the test of time
* present participle and gerund of stand the test of time
# çəkilmək
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Morphologically çəkmək (“to move”) +‎ -il.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃækilˈmæk], [t͡ʃækilˈmæj]
* IPA: [t͡sæt͡çilˈmæt͡ç], [t͡sækilˈmæj]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: çək‧il‧mək

### Verb

çəkilmək
* passive of çəkmək
* (intransitive, with dative or locative) to act, perform in a film
    kinolara çəkilmək ― to act in movies
* (intransitive) to give up, renounce
** 2017 January 1, Pərviz Məmmədli, Ismayıllı xəbərləri‎, archived from the original on 18 October 2021:Mən Bakıya gəldim, ancaq nədənsə o, sözündən çəkildi.I came to Baku, but for some reason, he went back on his word
* (intransitive, military) to retreat, withdraw
** 2008 August 12, Azafdlıq Radiosu‎:Rusiya qoşunları Cənubi Osetiya ilə Gürcüstanın inzibati sərhədindən cənubda yerləşən Qori şəhərini ələ keçiriblər. Gürcü qoşunları cənuba doğru çəkilirlər.Russian troops have taken control of the city of Qori, situated south of the administrative border between South Ossetia and Georgia. The Georgian troops are retreating southward.

### Further reading

* “çəkilmək” in Obastan.com.
# keeping one up at night
## English
### Verb

keeping one up at night
* present participle and gerund of keep someone up at night
# returned the favour
## English
### Verb

returned the favour
* simple past and past participle of return the favour
# came forward
## English
### Verb

came forward
* simple past of come forward
# coming forward
## English
### Verb

coming forward
* present participle and gerund of come forward
# 閑話
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 閑話 – see 閒話 (“to talk casually; to chat; words of little importance; casual words; digression; etc.”). (This term is a variant form of 閒話).

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 閑 | 話 |
| かん Grade: S | わ Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 間話

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かんわ [kàńwá] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) かんわ [káꜜǹwà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [kã̠ɰ̃β̞a̠]

### Noun

閑(かん)話(わ) • (kanwa)
* chat, chatter
    閑(かん)話(わ)休(きゅう)題(だい) ― kanwa kyūdai ― get down to business; hark back to the subject (literally, “to stop chatting”)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# violationists
## English
### Noun

violationists
* plural of violationist
# 擊斃
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jībì, jíbì
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧ ㄅㄧˋ, ㄐㄧˊ ㄅㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gik$^1$ bai$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kek-pè
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jībì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ ㄅㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jibì
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^1$-pi$^4$
*** Yale: jī-bì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jibih
*** Palladius: цзиби (czibi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pi⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jíbì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄅㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jíbì
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$-pi$^4$
*** Yale: jí-bì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyibih
*** Palladius: цзиби (czibi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵ pi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gik$^1$ bai$^6$
*** Yale: gīk baih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gik$^7$ bai$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gig$^1$ bei$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɪk̚⁵ pɐi̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kek-pè
*** Tâi-lô: kik-pè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kekpex
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ pe²¹/

### Verb

擊斃
* to shoot dead
# turns heads
## English
### Verb

turns heads
* third-person singular simple present indicative of turn heads
# defter
## English
### Etymology 1
#### Adjective

defter
* comparative form of deft: more deft

### Etymology 2

From Turkish defter, from Arabic دَفْتَر (daftar), from Aramaic דהפתּיר (defter), from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra). Doublet of letter.

#### Noun

defter (plural defters)
* (historical) A type of tax register that was used in the Ottoman Empire.

##### Related terms

* defterdar

## Crimean Tatar
### Etymology

From Arabic دَفْتَر (daftar), from Aramaic דהפתּיר (defter), from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra).

### Noun

defter
* notebook

#### Declension
### References

* “defter”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

## Northern Kurdish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dɛfˈtɛɾ/
* Rhymes: -ɛr

### Noun

defter f
* notebook

#### Synonyms

* lênûsk

## Serbo-Croatian
### Alternative forms

* tȅfter

### Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دفتر (defter), from Arabic دَفْتَر (daftar), from Aramaic דהפתּיר (defter), from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra).

### Noun

dȅfter m (Cyrillic spelling де̏фтер)
* notebook
* (accounting) books, accounting records, register
* (historical) defter, Ottoman tax register

## Turkish
### Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish دفتر (defter), from Arabic دَفْتَر (daftar), from Aramaic דהפתּיר (defter), from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra).
Old Turkic tepter is an early borrowing from Aramaic or Middle Persian.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̟e̞fˈt̟ʰæɾ̞̊]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: def‧ter

### Noun

defter (definite accusative defteri, plural defterler)
* notebook
* (business) inventory; books
* (government) register, tax roll

#### Derived terms

* amel defteri
* büyük defteri
* defteri dürülmek
* defter-i kebir
* defterdar
* defterdarlık

### References

* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
# dəftər
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From Arabic دَفْتَر (daftar), ultimately from Ancient Greek διφθέρα (diphthéra).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [dæfˈtær]
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: dəf‧tər

### Noun

dəftər (definite accusative dəftəri, plural dəftərlər)
* notebook, exercise book

#### Derived terms

* dəftərçə
# 親手
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qīnshǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣ ㄕㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): can$^1$ sau$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): chhîn-sú
    (Hailu, HRS): cin$^ˋ$ shiu$^ˊ$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhin-chhiú
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cing$^1$ ciu$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīnshǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ ㄕㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cinshǒu
*** Wade–Giles: chʻin$^1$-shou$^3$
*** Yale: chīn-shǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinshoou
*** Palladius: циньшоу (cinʹšou)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: can$^1$ sau$^2$
*** Yale: chān sáu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsan$^1$ sau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cen$^1$ seo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-sú
*** Hakka Romanization System: qin$^ˊ$ su$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qin$^1$ su$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴ su³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: cin$^ˋ$ shiu$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵³ ʃiu²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhin-chhiú
*** Tâi-lô: tshin-tshiú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chinchiuo
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰin³³ t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cing$^1$ ciu$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshing tshiú
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiu⁵²/

### Adverb

親手
* with one's own hands; personally

#### Synonyms

* 切身 (qièshēn)
* 手把手 (shǒubǎshǒu) (in a hands-on manner)
* 私自 (sīzì) (literary)
* 自己 (zìjǐ)
* 自行 (zìxíng)
* 親自／亲自 (qīnzì)
* 親身／亲身 (qīnshēn)
# 褲袋仔
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fu-thoi-é
    (Hailu, HRS): fu$^ˇ$ toi$^˖$ er
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fu$^4$ toi$^4$ ê$^3$
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu-thoi-é
*** Hakka Romanization System: fu toi e$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fu$^4$ toi$^4$ e$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /fu⁵⁵ tʰoi̯⁵⁵ e³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: fu$^ˇ$ toi$^˖$ er
*** Sinological IPA: /fu¹¹ tʰoi³³ ə⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fu$^4$ toi$^4$ ê$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /fu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰoɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ e³¹/

### Noun

褲袋仔
* (Hakka) pants pocket

#### Synonyms

* 褲兜／裤兜 (kùdōu)
* (Cantonese) 褲袋／裤袋
* (Hokkien) 褲轆／裤辘

#### Hypernyms

* 口袋 (kǒudai)
# tjetjel
## Peranakan Indonesian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sundanese cécél (“damaged; grazed, skinned”) or Javanese ꦕꦺꦕꦺꦭ꧀ (cècèl, “notch”).

### Noun

tjetjel
* graze
    tjetjel-tjetjel sadja ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

### References

* ↑ Tjoe Bou San (1907) Pembalesan Kedji (in Peranakan Indonesian), Sin Po, page 13
# dibək
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From dib (“bottom”) +‎ -ək. Compare Ottoman Turkish دیبك, Turkish dibek.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

dibək (definite accusative dibəyi, plural dibəklər)
* large stone mortar
* a small hole dug in the ground to beat wheat to separate it from chaff or to pound rough or unhusked rice.

#### Related terms

* dibçək

### Further reading

* “dibək” in Obastan.com.
# あめあがり
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of あめあがり – see the following entry. :
| 【雨上がり】 | [noun] after the rain Alternative spelling あまあがり |
(This term, あめあがり (ameagari), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) :
# -aq
## Greenlandic
### Pronunciation

* (Nuuk) IPA: /-aq/, [-ɑq]

### Suffix

-aq (n-n$^?$, truncative$^?$)
* offspring, young
    naaja (“seagull”) -> naajaaq (“young seagull”)

#### Derived terms
### References

* -aq in Katersat
# deyə
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

From demək (“to say”).

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Conjunction

deyə
* Indicates purpose; in order that
    Söz-söhbət olmasın deyə, məsələni ört-basdır etdilər.They covered up the issue, so that people wouldn't talk.

### Further reading

* “deyə” in Obastan.com.
# kunjo
## Swahili
### Etymology

From -kunja (“to bend, to fold”) +‎ -o.

### Noun

kunjo (ma class, plural makunjo)
* crease (mark made by folding)
# Derya
## Turkish
### Etymology

From derya (“sea”).

### Proper noun

Derya
* a female given name
# goes through hell
## English
### Verb

goes through hell
* third-person singular simple present indicative of go through hell