# فتنه
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فِتْنَة (fitna).

### Noun

فتنه • (fitne) (definite accusative فتنه‌یی (fitneyi), plural فتن (fiten))
* temptation, enticement, evil suggestion, the desire to engage in short-term urges
    Synonyms: اغوا (iğva), وسوسه (vesvese)
* trial, proof, test, assay, an occasion on which a person or thing is tested
* sedition, the organized incitement of rebellion against an authority or the state
    Synonym: فساد (fesâd)
* intrigue, a clandestine plot or scheme intended to effect some purpose
    Synonym: فساد (fesâd)
* (Islam) fitna, a social unrest or civil war that breeds schism among Muslims

#### Derived terms

* فتنه اولمق (fitne olmak, “to be a temptation”)
* فتنه ایتمك (fitne etmek, “to intrigue mischievously”)
* فتنه باصدرمق (fitne basdırmak, “to put down sedition”)
* فتنه باصمق (fitne basmak, “for troubles, to break out”)
* فتنه جو (fitne cu, “who seeks to excite troubles”)
* فتنه قویمق (fitne koymak, “for rebellion, to break out”)
* فتنه ویرمك (fitne virmek, “to make a mischievous suggestion”)
* فتنه‌جی (fitneci, “intriguing disturber”)
* فتنه‌لك (fitnelik, “quality or act of a disturber”)
* فتنه‌لمك (fitnelemek, “to incite”)
* فتنه‌لنمك (fitnelenmek, “to be seduced”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: fitne

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “fitne”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1601
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “fitne”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 322
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “فتنه”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 886
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Tentamen”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1660
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “فتنه”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3466
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “fitne”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “فتنه”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1365

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic فِتْنَة (fitna).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [fit.ˈna]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fɪt̪.nǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [fɪt̪.nǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [fɪt̪.nǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [fit̪.nǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [fet̪.né]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [fit̪.nǽ]

### Noun

فتنه • (fetne)
* sedition, riot, disturbance, revolt
* conspiracy, plot, intrigue
* wickedness, iniquity
* seduction, temptation
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 701:عشق او پیدا و معشوقش نهان یار بیرون فتنهی او در جهان'išq-i ō paydā u ma'šūq-aš nihān yār bērūn fitna-i ō dar jahānHis love is manifest and his Beloved is hidden: the Friend is outside (of the world), (but) His fascination is in the world.
* calamity
* nuisance, trouble

### References

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “فتنه”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim