# 北極
## Chinese
### Etymology

First attested in Kunyu Wanguo Quantu [1602].

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Běijí
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bak$^1$ gik$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Pet-khi̍t
    (Hailu, HRS): bed kid$^ˋ$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Pak-ke̍k / Pak-kia̍k / Pok-ke̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bag$^4$ gêg$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Běijí
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Běijí
*** Wade–Giles: Pei$^3$-chi$^2$
*** Yale: Běi-jí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Beeijyi
*** Palladius: Бэйцзи (Bɛjczi)
*** Sinological IPA : /peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bak$^1$ gik$^6$
*** Yale: bāk gihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bak$^7$ gik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: beg$^1$ gig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐk̚⁵ kɪk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Pet-khi̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: bed$^ˋ$ kid
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bed$^5$ kid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /pet̚² kʰit̚⁵/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: bed kid$^ˋ$
*** Sinological IPA: /pet⁵⁻² kʰit²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pak-ke̍k
*** Tâi-lô: Pak-ki̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pakkek
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pak̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪk̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pak-kia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: Pak-kia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pakkiak
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiak̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: dated in Xiamen, dated in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pok-ke̍k
*** Tâi-lô: Pok-ki̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pokkek
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bag$^4$ gêg$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pak ke̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /pak̚²⁻⁴ kek̚⁴/

### Proper noun

北極
* the North Pole
    From: 詹雅雯, 北極星
    Pak-ke̍k hit lia̍p chhiⁿ chí-ín lō͘-sòaⁿ, o͘-àm tiong hi-bāng ê kng-iáⁿ. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    That star in the North Pole guides the road; [it is] the light of hope in the dark.

#### Antonyms

* 南極／南极 (Nánjí)

#### Derived terms

* 北極光／北极光 (běijíguāng)
* 北極圈／北极圈 (Běijíquān)
* 北極星／北极星 (Běijíxīng)
* 北極熊／北极熊 (běijíxióng)
* 北極狐／北极狐 (Běijíhú)
* 北極貝／北极贝 (běijíbèi)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 北極(ほっきょく) (Hokkyoku)
* → Korean: 북극(北極) (Bukgeuk)
* → Vietnamese: Bắc cực (北極)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 北 | 極 |
| ほく > ほっ Grade: 2 | きょく Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ほっきょく [hòkkyókú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ho̞k̚ʲkʲo̞kɯ̟]

### Noun

北(ほっ)極(きょく) • (hokkyoku)
* Short for 北極圏. north polar region, north pole

### Proper noun

北(ほっ)極(きょく) • (Hokkyoku)
* (geography) North Pole, the Arctic

#### Synonyms

* (northernmost point): 北(ほっ)極(きょく)点(てん) (hokkyokuten): North Pole

#### Antonyms

* 南(なん)極(きょく) (nankyoku): south polar region, South Pole, the Antarctic

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 北 | 極 |

### Noun

北極 • (bukgeuk) (hangeul 북극)
* hanja form of 북극 (“north pole”)

### Proper noun

北極 • (Bukgeuk) (hangeul 북극)
* hanja form of 북극 (“North Pole; Arctic”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 北 | 極 |

### Noun

北極
* chữ Hán form of bắc cực (“north pole”).

### Proper noun

北極
* chữ Hán form of Bắc cực (“North Pole”).