# 學問
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xuéwèn
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄣˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hok$^6$ man$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hok$^5$ mun$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ho̍k-mun
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ha̍k-būn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hag$^8$ mung$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuéwèn → xuéwen (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄣˋ → ㄒㄩㄝˊ ˙ㄨㄣ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuéwůn
*** Wade–Giles: hsüeh$^2$-wên$^5$
*** Yale: sywé-wen
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyue.wenn
*** Palladius: сюэвэнь (sjuevɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ wən⁵¹/ → /ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ wən³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hok$^6$ man$^6$
*** Yale: hohk mahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hok$^9$ man$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hog$^6$ men$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːk̚² mɐn²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hok$^5$ mun$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔk̚³² ᵐbun³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ho̍k-mun
*** Hakka Romanization System: hog mun
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hog$^6$ mun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hok̚⁵ mun⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍k-būn
*** Tâi-lô: ha̍k-būn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hagbun
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hak̚²⁴⁻² bun⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hak̚¹²¹⁻²¹ bun²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hak̚⁴⁻³² bun³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hag$^8$ mung$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ha̍k mūng
*** Sinological IPA : /hak̚⁴⁻² muŋ¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: haewk mjunH
Rime :
| Character | 學 | 問 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 覺 (10) | 文 (59) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | II | III |
| Fanqie | 胡覺切 | 亡運切 |
| Baxter | haewk | mjunH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠʌk̚/ | /mɨun$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦᵚɔk̚/ | /miun$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɔk̚/ | /miuən$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦaɨwk̚/ | /mun$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɔk̚/ | /miuən$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɔk̚/ | /mĭuən$^H$/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ɣɔk̚/ | /mi̯uən$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xué | wèn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hok$^6$ | man$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-kˤruk C.mu[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡruːɡ mɯns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 學 | 問 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xué | wèn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hæwk › | ‹ mjun$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-kˁruk/ | /*C.mu[n]-s/ |
| English | study; imitate | ask |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 學 | 問 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 14079 | 8967 |
| Phonetic component | 學 | 門 |
| Rime group | 覺 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 學 | 問 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡruːɡ/ | /*mɯns/ |
| Notes | 甲文象習持爻於膝前， 金文方加子 | |

### Noun

學問
* branch of knowledge
       Sǐwángxué shì yī mén xīnxìng de xuéwèn. [Pinyin]
       Thanatology is a new branch of knowledge.
* learning; knowledge; wisdom; erudition; scholarship
    做學問／做学问 ― zuòxuéwèn ― to do scholarly research; to pursue scholarship
    賣弄學問／卖弄学问 ― màinòng xuéwèn ― to show off one's knowledge
       yùnhán bódàjīngshēn de xuéwèn [Pinyin]
       to contain profound wisdom
    From: 杨文明 (2018 January 8) “云南孟连 土地这样流转”, in People's Daily (in Chinese), page 10
    Zhǒngzhí niúyóuguǒ kànsì jiǎndān, dàn bèihòu xuéwèn duō de hěn. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* (scholarship):
* 學術／学术 (xuéshù)
* 學識／学识 (xuéshí)
* 墨水 (mòshuǐ) (figurative)
* (knowledge):
* 心得 (xīndé) (knowledge gained)
* 所知 (suǒzhī) (literary)
* 智識／智识 (zhìshí) (literary, or Min Nan and Cantonese)
* 知識／知识
* 聞見／闻见 (wénjiàn) (literary)
* 見聞／见闻 (jiànwén)
* 見識／见识 (jiànshí)
* 認識／认识
* 識見／识见 (shíjiàn) (literary)

#### Derived terms

* 做學問／做学问 (zuò xuéwèn)
* 有學問／有学问 (yǒuxuéwèn)

#### Related terms

* 才能 (cáinéng)
* 才學／才学 (cáixué)
* 才智 (cáizhì)
* 智慧 (zhìhuì)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 學 | 問 |
| がく Hyōgai | もん Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 學問 – see the following entry. :
| 【学問がくもん】 | [noun] study of something; the sum of knowledge accrued by scholars; the realm of refined learning; scholarship [verb] to study, to engage in scholarship |
(This term, 學問, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 學 | 問 |

### Noun

學問 • (hangmun) (hangeul 학문)
* hanja form of 학문 (“study; learning”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 學 | 問 |

### Noun

學問
* chữ Hán form of học vấn (“learning”).