# जन्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* जा (jā)

### Alternative scripts

* জন্ (Assamese script)
* ᬚᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
* জন্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰕𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀚𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ဇန် (Burmese script)
* જન્ (Gujarati script)
* ਜਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌜𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦗꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂔𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಜೝ (Kannada script)
* ជន៑ (Khmer script)
* ຊນ຺ (Lao script)
* ജന് (Malayalam script)
* ᡯᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
* 𑘕𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠽᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦵𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐖𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
* ଜନ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢙꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆘𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖕𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
* ජන් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩣𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚑𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
* ஜந் (Tamil script)
* జౝ (Telugu script)
* ชนฺ (Thai script)
* ཛ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒖𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨥𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to beget”). Compare Latin gignō, genus, Ancient Greek γίγνομαι (gígnomai), English kind.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /d͡ʑɐn/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /d͡ʑɐn̪/

### Root

जन् • (jan)
* (Class 1) to generate, beget, produce, create, cause.
* (Class 4) to be born or produced, come into existence.

#### Derived terms
##### Primary Verbal Forms

* जायते (jā́yate, Present)
* जनति (jánati, Present)
* जजन्ति (jajánti, Present)
* जनिष्यते (janiṣyáte, Future)
* जनिता (janitā́, Periphrastic Future)
* अजनिष्ट (ájaniṣṭa, Aorist)
* अजन्त (ájanta, Aorist)
* जायात् (jāyāt, Benedictive)
* जज्ञे (jajñé, Perfect)
* जजान (jajā́na, Perfect)

##### Secondary Forms

* जन्यते (janyáte, Passive)
* अजनि (ájani, Passive Aorist)
* जनयति (janáyati, Causative)
* अजीजनत् (ájījanat, Causative Aorist)
* जिजनिषति (jijaniṣati, Desiderative)
* जिजनयिषति (jijanayiṣati, Desiderative of Causative)
* जञ्जन्यते (jañjanyate, Intensive)
* जाजायते (jājāyate, Intensive)

##### Non-Finite Forms

* जात (jātá, Past Participle)
* जनितुम् (jánitum, Infinitive)
* जनितोस् (jánitos, Infinitive)
* जनित्वा (janitvā́, Gerund)
* जनित्वी (janitvī́, Gerund)
* जनितव्य (janitavyà, Gerundive)
* जनित्व (jánitva, Gerundive)
* जन्त्व (jántva, Gerundive)
* जनयितव्य (janayitavya, Causative Gerundive)

##### Derived Nominal Forms

* आजान (ājā́na, “birth, descent, birthplace”)
* आजानि (ājā́ni, “birth, descent”)
* जन (jána, “person, people, race; generating”)
* जनक (janaká, “progenitor”)
* ज (já, “son of; father; birth”)
* जा (jā́, “race, tribe”)
* जास् (jā́s, “offspring”)
* जाति (jāti, “birth, family, species, breed”)
* जात (jātá, “son; birth; origin; race; genus”)
* जान (jā́na, “birth, origin, birthplace”)
* जानि (jā́ni, “birth, descent”)
* जनि (jáni, “birth, production, birthplace”)
* जनी (jánī, “birth, birthplace; daughter-in-law”)
* जन्तु (jantú, “offspring, kinsman”)
* जन्यु (janyu, “birth, creature”)
* जन्य (jánya, “people, community, nation”)
* जनुस् (janús, janū́s, “birth, production, descent, nativity; genus, class, kind”)
* जनुषा (januṣā, “necessarily, essentially, originally, by birth”)
* जनू (janū́, “birth, descent”)
* जनु (janu, “soul”)
* जेन्य (jénya, “of noble origin; genuine”)
* जातु (jā́tu, jātú, “at all, ever, perhaps”)
* जात्य (jā́tya, “legitimate; of a good family”)
* जनता (janátā, “people, folk; generation”)
* जनन (jánana, “progenitor, production, birth, race”)
* जज्ञि (jájñi, “germinating, shooting; seed”)
* जन्मिन् (janmin, “creature”)
* जानुका (jā́nukā, “bringing forth; woman”)
* जानपद (jā́napada, “inhabitant of a country, subject”)
* जनपद (janapadá, “community, nation, people; empire”)
* जना (janā, “birth, origin”)
* जननी (jananī, “mother”)
* जनितृ (janitṛ́, jánitṛ, “progenitor”)
* जनित्र (janítra, “home, origin, birthplace”)
* जनिमन् (jániman, “generation, birth, origin; offspring; creature; genus”)
* जन्म (janmá, “birth”)
* जन्मन् (jánman, “production, existence, nativity”)
* जाया (jāyā́, “bringing forth; wife”)
* जास्पति (jā́spáti, jā́spati, “head of a family”)
* जावन् (jā́van, “born, produced”)

##### Prefixed Root Forms

* अधिजन् (adhijan)
* अनुजन् (anujan)
* अभिजन् (abhijan)
* आजन् (ājan)
* उज्जन् (ujjan)
* उपजन् (upajan)
* प्रजन् (prajan)
* विजन् (vijan)
* संजन् (saṃjan)

#### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “जन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 410, column 1.
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 52
* Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “jan”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 567-8