# 鬟

| 鬟 | U+9B1F, &#39711; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B1F |
| ← 鬞 [U+9B1E] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鬠 → [U+9B20] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鬟 (Kangxi radical 190, 髟+13, 23 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹田中女 (SHWLV), four-corner 7273$_2$, composition ⿱髟睘)
* dress hair in coiled knot
* maid

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1456, character 54
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45596
* Dae Jaweon: page 1988, character 18
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4536, character 9
* Unihan data for U+9B1F

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 鬟
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 癏 | *kʷraːn |
| 擐 | *kʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns |
| 還 | *ɡʷraːn, *sɢʷan |
| 環 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 鬟 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 寰 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷeːns |
| 闤 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 糫 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 圜 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen |
| 鐶 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 轘 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns |
| 澴 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 繯 | *ɡʷraːns, *ɡʷeːnʔ |
| 檈 | *sɢʷan, *sɢʷin |
| 儇 | *qʰʷen |
| 翾 | *qʰʷen |
| 蠉 | *qʰʷen, *qʰʷenʔ |
| 嬛 | *qʰʷen, *qʷen, *ɡʷeŋ |
| 譞 | *qʰʷen |
| 懁 | *kʷeːns |
| 獧 | *kʷeːns |
| 噮 | *qʷeːns |
| 彋 | *ɡʷreːŋ, *ɡʷreːŋ |
| 睘 | *ɡʷeŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraːn) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 睘 (OC *ɡʷeŋ)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huán (huan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): waan$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang$^2$ / huong$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huán
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huán
*** Wade–Giles: huan$^2$
*** Yale: hwán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwan
*** Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯än³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: waan$^4$
*** Yale: wàahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: waan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /waːn²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huang$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: hwaen
Rime :
| Character | 鬟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 刪 (70) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 戸關切 |
| Baxter | hwaen |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠuan/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷᵚan/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwaɨn/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuan/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣwan/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣwan/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | waan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷraːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鬟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16232 |
| Phonetic component | 睘 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 還 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷraːn/ |

### Definitions

鬟
* a knot of hair on the head

#### Compounds

* 上鬟 (shànghuán)
* 丫鬟 (yāhuan)
* 低鬟
* 婭鬟／娅鬟
* 小鬟
* 煙鬟／烟鬟
* 翠鬟
* 雙鬟／双鬟
* 雲鬟／云鬟
* 霧鬢風鬟／雾鬓风鬟
* 風鬟雨鬢／风鬟雨鬓
* 風鬟霧鬢／风鬟雾鬓
* 鴉鬟／鸦鬟
* 黛鬟

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “鬟”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* dress hair in coiled knot, in which Japanese men in Kofun and Asuka period wore their hair.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かん (kan)
* Kun: わげ (wage)、みずら (mizura)

## Korean
### Hanja

鬟 • (hwan) (hangeul 환, revised hwan, McCune–Reischauer hwan, Yale hwan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.