# 生死
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): shēngsǐ
       (Zhuyin): ㄕㄥ ㄙˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): sen$^1$ si$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sang$^1$ sei$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sâng-sí
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siⁿ-sí / seⁿ-sí / seng-sú / sng-sír
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$sen-sy; $^1$san-shi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shēngsǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄥ ㄙˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shengsǐh
*** Wade–Giles: shêng$^1$-ssŭ$^3$
*** Yale: shēng-sž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shengsyy
*** Palladius: шэнсы (šɛnsy)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: sen$^1$ si$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sens
*** Sinological IPA : /sən⁵⁵ sz̩⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sang$^1$ sei$^2$
*** Yale: sāng séi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sang$^1$ sei$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seng$^1$ séi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐŋ⁵⁵ sei̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sâng-sí
*** Hakka Romanization System: sang$^ˊ$ xi$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: sang$^1$ xi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /saŋ²⁴ si³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siⁿ-sí
*** Tâi-lô: sinn-sí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: svisie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sĩ⁴⁴⁻²² si⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ si⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sĩ³³ si⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seⁿ-sí
*** Tâi-lô: senn-sí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: svesie
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɛ̃⁴⁴⁻²² si⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ si⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng-sú
*** Tâi-lô: sing-sú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sengsuo
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² su⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng-sír
*** Tâi-lô: sng-sír
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sŋ̍³³ sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$sen-sy; $^1$san-shi
*** MiniDict: sen$^平$ sy; san$^平$ shi
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$sen-sr; $^1$san-xi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sən⁵⁵ sz̩²¹/, /sã⁵⁵ ɕi²¹/
* Middle Chinese: sraeng|sraengH sijX
Rime :
| Character | 生 | 生 | 死 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 生 (21) | 生 (21) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (109) | 庚 (109) | 脂 (17) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | II | III |
| Fanqie | 所庚切 | 所敬切 | 息姊切 |
| Baxter | sraeng | sraengH | sijX |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʃˠæŋ/ | /ʃˠæŋ$^H$/ | /sˠiɪ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʃᵚaŋ/ | /ʃᵚaŋ$^H$/ | /sᵚi$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʃaŋ/ | /ʃaŋ$^H$/ | /siɪ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʂaɨjŋ/ | /ʂaɨjŋ$^H$/ | /sji$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʃɐŋ/ | /ʃɐŋ$^H$/ | /sji$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʃɐŋ/ | /ʃɐŋ$^H$/ | /si$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʂɐŋ/ | /ʂɐŋ$^H$/ | /si$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shēng | shèng | sǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sang$^1$ | sang$^3$ | si$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*sreŋ|sreŋ sijʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰleːŋ|sreŋs hljiʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 生 | 生 | 死 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shēng | shēng | sǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sræng › | ‹ srjæng › | ‹ sij$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?) | /*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?) | /*sijʔ/ |
| English | bear, be born; live | bear, be born; live | die (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 生 | 生 | 死 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11312 | 11322 | 12006 |
| Phonetic component | 生 | 生 | 死 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 生 | 生 | 死 |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰleːŋ/ | /*sreŋs/ | /*hljiʔ/ |

### Verb

生死
* to live and die
       Zhè shì guānxì dào shēngsǐ de dàshì. [Pinyin]
       This is a matter of life and death.

#### Derived terms

* 一生死
* 不顧生死／不顾生死
* 出入生死
* 同患難，共生死／同患难，共生死
* 同生死 (tóngshēngsǐ)
* 同生死，共存亡
* 同生死，共患難／同生死，共患难
* 拼生死
* 未卜生死
* 物有生死
* 生死不易
* 生死不渝
* 生死不負／生死不负
* 生死之交
* 生死予奪／生死予夺
* 生死交
* 生死兩全保險／生死两全保险
* 生死分定
* 生死場／生死场
* 生死存亡 (shēngsǐcúnwáng)
* 生死弟兄 (shēngsǐ dìxiōng)
* 生死搏鬥／生死搏斗 (shēngsǐbódòu)
* 生死攸關／生死攸关 (shēngsǐ yōuguān)
* 生死文字
* 生死有命
* 生死有命，富貴在天／生死有命，富贵在天 (shēngsǐ yǒu mìng, fùguì zài tiān)
* 生死有處／生死有处
* 生死未卜 (shēngsǐwèibǔ)
* 生死榮辱／生死荣辱
* 生死永別／生死永别
* 生死海
* 生死無貳／生死无贰
* 生死牢關／生死牢关
* 生死相依
* 生死簿 (shēngsǐbù)
* 生死緣／生死缘
* 生死線／生死线
* 生死肉骨
* 生死與共／生死与共
* 生死與奪／生死与夺
* 生死苦海
* 生死見交情／生死见交情
* 生死觀／生死观
* 生死輪／生死轮
* 生死輪迴／生死轮回
* 生死醉夢／生死醉梦
* 生死長夜／生死长夜
* 生死關頭／生死关头 (shēngsǐguāntóu)
* 生死骨肉
* 生生死死
* 義同生死／义同生死 (yìtóngshēngsǐ)
* 誓同生死

### Adjective

生死
* (attributive) life-and-death

### Adverb

生死
* (Sichuanese) anyway

#### Synonyms

* 不管怎樣／不管怎样 (bùguǎnzěnyàng)
* 不管怎麼樣／不管怎么样 (bùguǎn zěnmeyàng)
* 反正
* 好歹 (hǎodǎi)
* 好賴／好赖 (hǎolài)
* 橫直／横直 (héngzhí) (dialectal)
* 橫豎／横竖 (héngshù)
* 橫豎橫／横竖横 (Northern Wu)
* 死活 (sǐhuó)
* 無論如何／无论如何 (wúlùnrúhé)
* 紅黑／红黑 (hong$^2$ he$^2$) (Sichuanese)
* 總之／总之 (zǒngzhī)
* 長短／长短 (chángduǎn) (literary)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 長短 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 反正, 不管怎樣, 無論如何 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 反正, 橫豎, 橫直 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 反正, 橫豎 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 反正 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 反正, 橫豎 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 反正 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 橫順, 橫豎, 左橫, 紅黑, 高矮, 生死 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 橫直 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 千急 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 反正 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 反正, 橫豎 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 橫掂, 反正 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 反正 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 左右 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 反正 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 橫掂 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 橫直 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 橫掂 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 橫直 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 贏輸, 橫直, 橫正, 反正 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 橫掂 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 橫掂 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 橫掂 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 反正 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 反正 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 反正 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 反正 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 橫掂, 反正 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 反正 |
| Hakka | Changting | 橫直 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 反正 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 反正 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 反正 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 反正 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 反正 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 反正 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 橫直 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 橫掂 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 反正 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 反正 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 反正, 橫豎 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 橫直 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 橫直, 好呆 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 橫直 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 橫直 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 橫直 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 橫直, 生成 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 橫直 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 橫直 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 反正 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 長短, 反正, 橫直 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 正倒 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 長短, 正倒 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 反正, 正倒 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 反正 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 橫直 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 橫直 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 橫直 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 反正, 橫直 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 橫掂 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 橫直 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 橫豎, 反正 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 橫豎, 橫道 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 橫直, 到老 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 橫直, 橫去 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 橫直, 紅黑 |

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 生 | 死 |
| せい Grade: 1 | し Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

生(せい)死(し) • (seishi)
* life and death; dead or alive

#### Related terms

* 生(せい)歿(ぼつ) (seibotsu, “birth and death”)
* 消(しょう)息(そく) (shōsoku)
* 安(あん)危(き) (anki, “safety and danger”)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 生 | 死 |

### Noun

生死 • (saengsa) (hangeul 생사)
* hanja form of 생사 (“life-and-death”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 生 | 死 |

### Verb

生死
* chữ Hán form of sinh tử (“to live and die”).