# 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡
## Ashokan Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 (kāraṇa, “cause, reason, factor”), ultimately from the root कृ (kṛ). Cognate with Pali kāraṇa.

### Noun

𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 (kāraṇa) n
* purpose, cause

#### Alternative forms

Attested at Girnar.
Dialectal forms of 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 (“purpose, cause”) :
| Variety | Location | Lemmas |
| Central | Kalsi | 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀦 (kālana) |
| Central | Delhi-Topra | 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀦 (kālana) |
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | 𐨐𐨪𐨞 (karaṇa) |
| West | Girnar | 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 (kāraṇa) |
Map of dialectal forms of 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 (“purpose, cause”) :
* 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀦 (kālana) (2) 𐨐𐨪𐨞 (karaṇa) (1) 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 (kāraṇa) (1)

#### Descendants

* Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 (kāraṇa) (see there for further descendants)

### References

* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kāraṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

## Pali
### Alternative scripts

* kāraṇa (Latin script)
* कारण (Devanagari script)
* কারণ (Bengali script)
* කාරණ (Sinhalese script)
* ကာရဏ or ၵႃရꧣ (Burmese script)
* การณ or การะณะ (Thai script)
* ᨠᩣᩁᨱ (Tai Tham script)
* ກາຣຓ or ກາຣະຓະ (Lao script)
* ការណ (Khmer script)
* 𑄇𑄂𑄢𑄕 (Chakma script)

### Noun

𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 n
* Brahmi script form of kāraṇa

#### Declension
## Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 (kāraṇa).

### Noun

𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 (kāraṇa) n (Devanagari कारण)
* cause, reason, purpose
* means

#### Descendants

* Helu Prakrit:
** Sinhalese: කරුණ (karuṇa)
* Khasa Prakrit:
** Nepali: कारण (kāraṇ)
* Magadhi Prakrit:
** Assamese: কাৰণ (karon)
** Bengali: কারণ (karon)
** Maithili: kāraṇ
    Devanagari script: कारण
    Tirhuta script: 𑒏𑒰𑒩𑒝
** Odia: କାରଣ (kāraṇa)
** Rajbanshi: कारन
* Maharastri Prakrit:
** Konkani: kāraṇ
    Devanagari script: कारण
    Kannada script: ಕಾರಣ್
    Latin script: karonn
** Old Marathi: kāraṇa
    Devanagari script: कारण
    Modi script: 𑘎𑘰𑘨𑘜
*** Marathi: कारण (kāraṇ)
* Paisaci Prakrit:
** Old Punjabi: ਕਾਰਣੁ (kāraṇu), ਕਾਰਨੁ (kāranu)
*** Punjabi: kāran
    Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਰਨ
    Shahmukhi script: کارَن
** Sindhi:
    Arabic script: ڪارَڻُ
    Devanagari script: कारणु
* Sauraseni Prakrit:
** Gurjara Apabhramsa:
*** Old Gujarati: कारण (kāraṇa)
**** Gujarati: કારણ (kāraṇ)
    Lisan ud-Dawat Gujarati: کارن (kāran)
**** Marwari: कारण (kāraṇ)
** Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
*** Old Hindi: कारंण (kārãṇ)

### Further reading

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kāraṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
* Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “कारण”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* কাৰণ (Assamese script)
* ᬓᬵᬭᬡ (Balinese script)
* কারণ (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰯𑰨𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
* ကာရဏ (Burmese script)
* कारण (Devanagari script)
* કારણ (Gujarati script)
* ਕਾਰਣ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑌾𑌰𑌣 (Grantha script)
* ꦏꦴꦫꦟ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂰𑂩𑂝 (Kaithi script)
* ಕಾರಣ (Kannada script)
* ការណ (Khmer script)
* ກາຣຓ (Lao script)
* കാരണ (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘰𑘨𑘜 (Modi script)
* ᢉᠠᢗᠷᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧑𑧈𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑐵𑐬𑐞 (Newa script)
* କାରଣ (Odia script)
* ꢒꢵꢬꢠ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑆳𑆫𑆟 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖯𑖨𑖜 (Siddham script)
* කාරණ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜𑩛𑩼𑩪 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚭𑚤𑚘 (Takri script)
* காரண (Tamil script)
* కారణ (Telugu script)
* การณ (Thai script)
* ཀཱ་ར་ཎ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑒰𑒩𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑨊𑨫𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Noun

𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀡 • (kāraṇa) stem, n
* Brahmi script form of कारण