# 阽

| 阽 | U+963D, &#38461; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-963D |
| ← 阼 [U+963C] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 阾 → [U+963E] |

## Translingual
### Han character

阽 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 弓中卜口 (NLYR), four-corner 7126$_0$, composition ⿰阝占)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1348, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41595
* Dae Jaweon: page 1849, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4120, character 6
* Unihan data for U+963D

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 阽
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 頕 | *taːm |
| 煔 | *ɦlaːm, *hljems, *hl'eːms |
| 炶 | *ɦlaːm |
| 詀 | *rteːm, *rdeːms, *teːm, *tʰjeb |
| 站 | *rteːms |
| 檆 | *sreːm |
| 黏 | *nem |
| 粘 | *nem |
| 枮 | *slem, *ʔl'ɯm |
| 霑 | *tem |
| 沾 | *tem, *teːms, *tʰeːm |
| 覘 | *tems, *tʰem |
| 鉆 | *tʰem, *ɡrem, *tʰeːb |
| 占 | *ʔljem, *tjems |
| 颭 | *tjemʔ |
| 佔 | *tjems, *teːm |
| 苫 | *hljem, *hljems |
| 痁 | *hljem, *teːms |
| 蛅 | *njem |
| 阽 | *lem |
| 敁 | *teːm |
| 掂 | *tiːm |
| 點 | *teːmʔ |
| 玷 | *teːmʔ, *teːms |
| 店 | *tiːms |
| 坫 | *tiːms, *tim |
| 黇 | *tʰeːm |
| 扂 | *deːmʔ |
| 拈 | *neːm |
| 鮎 | *neːm |
| 砧 | *ʔl'ɯm |
| 笘 | *teːb |
| 跕 | *teːb, *tʰeːb |
| 貼 | *tʰeːb |
| 帖 | *tʰeːb |
| 怗 | *tʰeːb |
| 呫 | *tʰeːb |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): diàn (dian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dim$^3$ / jim$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dieng$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: diàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: diàn
*** Wade–Giles: tien$^4$
*** Yale: dyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diann
*** Palladius: дянь (djanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dim$^3$ / jim$^4$
*** Yale: dim / yìhm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dim$^3$ / jim$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dim$^3$ / yim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tiːm³³/, /jiːm²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: dieng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tiɛŋ⁵³³/
* Middle Chinese: yem
Rime :
| Character | 阽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 鹽 (153) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 余廉切 |
| Baxter | yem |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiᴇm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɛm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jæm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jiam/ |
| Li Rong | /iɛm/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭɛm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /i̯ɛm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jim$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[l]em/
    (Zhengzhang): /*lem/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 阽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yem › |
| Old Chinese | /*[l]em/ |
| English | in danger of collapsing |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 阽 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16716 |
| Phonetic component | 占 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鹽 |
| Old Chinese | /*lem/ |

### Definitions

阽
* (literary) to approach; to be close to (danger)

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “阽”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 51.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): えん (en)、てん (ten)
* Kun: くずれかかる (kuzurekakaru)

## Korean
### Hanja

阽 • (jeom) (hangeul 점)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.