# 胖

| 胖 | U+80D6, &#32982; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80D6 |
| ← 胕 [U+80D5] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 胗 → [U+80D7] |

## Translingual
### Han character

胖 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 月火手 (BFQ), four-corner 7925$_0$, composition ⿰月半)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 978, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29381
* Dae Jaweon: page 1430, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2063, character 7
* Unihan data for U+80D6

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 胖
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 半 | *paːns |
| 絆 | *paːns |
| 靽 | *paːns |
| 姅 | *paːns, *pʰaːns |
| 拌 | *pʰaːn, *baːnʔ |
| 拚 | *pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns |
| 坢 | *pʰaːnʔ |
| 判 | *pʰaːns |
| 泮 | *pʰaːns |
| 頖 | *pʰaːns |
| 胖 | *pʰaːns |
| 冸 | *pʰaːns |
| 牉 | *pʰaːns |
| 柈 | *baːn |
| 伴 | *baːnʔ, *baːns |
| 叛 | *baːns |
| 畔 | *baːns |
| 袢 | *ban |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːns) : semantic 肉 + phonetic 半 (OC *paːns).

### Etymology 1

According to STEDT, possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-bʷam ~ s-bʷap (“to swell; swollen, fat, thick; rounded part, mountain, hill”). Cognates include 墳 (OC *bɯn, *bɯnʔ, “bulge, mound”), possibly 芃 (OC *boːŋ, *bum, “luxuriant growth”), and, outside of Sinitic, Tibetan སྦོམ་ (sbom, “thick, bulky, fat”). A more distant cognate is Burmese ဝမ်း (wam:, “belly”).
* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Is the pàng reading in Mandarin from 肨 (MC phaewngH)?”

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pàng (pang$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄤˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bun$^6$ / pun$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phang
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phòng / phàng
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$phaon
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pàng
*** Wade–Giles: pʻang$^4$
*** Yale: pàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: panq
*** Palladius: пан (pan)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bun$^6$ / pun$^3$
*** Yale: buhn / pun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bun$^6$ / pun$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bun$^6$ / pun$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /puːn²²/, /pʰuːn³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phang
*** Hakka Romanization System: pang
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pang$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰaŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phòng / phàng
*** Tâi-lô: phòng / phàng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoxng, phaxng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰɔŋ²¹/, /pʰaŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰɔŋ⁴¹/, /pʰaŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɔŋ²¹/, /pʰaŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰɔŋ¹¹/, /pʰaŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɔŋ²¹/, /pʰaŋ²¹/
* phòng - vernacular;
* phàng - literary.
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːns/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 胖 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 253 |
| Phonetic component | 半 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 判 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰaːns/ |
| Notes | 原作眫據校本 |

#### Definitions

胖
* (of a person) fat

##### Usage notes

* In northern varieties, including Standard Mandarin, 胖 (pàng) is usually used for people, and animals are described as 肥 (féi). This distinction is not seen in southern varieties, such as Cantonese, Hakka, and Min.

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 胖 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 胖, 富態 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 胖 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 胖, 肥 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 胖, 肥 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 胖, 富態 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 胖, 富態 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 胖, 富態 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 胖, 富態 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 胖, 富態 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 胖, 富態 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 肥, 生肉 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 肥 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 肥 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 胖 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 肥 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 肥 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) | 肥 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 肥 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 肥 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 肥 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 肥 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 肥 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 肥 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 肥 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 肥 |
| Hakka | Changting | 壯, 肥 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 壯 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 肥 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 壯 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 壯 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 壯 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 壯 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 壯 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 肥, 大箍 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 肥, 大箍 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 肥, 大箍 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 肥, 大箍 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 肥, 大箍 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 大箍 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 肥 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 胖, 肉, 富態 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 肥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 肥 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 發福, 食好看 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 大箍, 肥 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 大箍 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 大箍, 肥 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 大箍, 肥 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 大箍, 肥 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 肥, 大箍 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 大箍, 肥 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 大箍, 肥 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 大箍, 肥 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 肥 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 肥 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 肥 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 胖, 壯 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 壯 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 壯 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 胖 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 胖 |

##### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “fat”): 瘦 (shòu, “skinny”)

#### Compounds

* 發胖／发胖 (fāpàng)
* 白白胖胖 (báibáipàngpàng)
* 矮胖 (ǎipàng)
* 肥肥胖胖
* 肥胖 (féipàng)
* 肥胖症 (féipàngzhèng)
* 胖乎乎 (pànghūhū)
* 胖呵呵
* 胖哥
* 胖嘟嘟 (pàngdūdū)
* 胖墩兒／胖墩儿
* 胖墩墩
* 胖大海 (pàngdàhǎi)
* 胖妞 (pàngniū)
* 胖姑
* 胖子 (pàngzi)
* 胖襖／胖袄
* 胖頭魚／胖头鱼 (pàngtóuyú)
* 胖高麗／胖高丽
* 胖鼓鼓
* 虛胖／虚胖 (xūpàng)
* 裝胖／装胖
* 黃胖／黄胖

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pán (pan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pun$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phang
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$boe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pán
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pán
*** Wade–Giles: pʻan$^2$
*** Yale: pán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parn
*** Palladius: пань (panʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰän³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pun$^4$
*** Yale: pùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pun$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰuːn²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phang
*** Hakka Romanization System: pang
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pang$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰaŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$boe
*** MiniDict: boe$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$boe
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bø²³/

#### Definitions

胖
* comfortable; at ease
    心廣體胖／心广体胖 ― xīnguǎngtǐpán ― comfortable, fit and happy

#### Compounds

* 心寬體胖／心宽体胖 (xīnkuāntǐpán)
* 心廣體胖／心广体胖 (xīnguǎngtǐpán)

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 胖 – see 麭 (“bread”). (This character is a variant form of 麭).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* fat, plump
* abundant

#### Readings

* Go-on: はん (han)、ばん (ban)
* Kan-on: はん (han)
* Kun: こえる (koeru, 胖える)、ふとい (futoi, 胖い)、ふとる (futoru, 胖る)、ゆたか (yutaka)
* Nanori: ひろ (hiro)、ゆたか (yutaka)

### Compounds

* 胖身(はんしん) (hanshin)
* 胖痩(はんそう) (hansō)
* 肥(ひ)胖(はん) (hihan)

### Proper noun

胖(ゆたか) • (Yutaka)
* a male given name

## Korean
### Hanja

胖 • (ban) (hangeul 반, revised ban, McCune–Reischauer pan, Yale pan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

胖: Hán Nôm readings: bàn, bỡn, ban, béo, phạng, phàng, pháng
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.