# 硎

| 硎 | U+784E, &#30798; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-784E |
| ← 硍 [U+784D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 硏 → [U+784F] |
| 硎 | U+2F94E, &#194894; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F94E |
| ← 𥐝 [U+2F94D] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 碌 → [U+2F94F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

硎 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一口一廿弓 (MRMTN), four-corner 1260$_0$, composition ⿰石刑)
* whetstone

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 830, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24175
* Dae Jaweon: page 1245, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2427, character 5
* Unihan data for U+784E
* Unihan data for U+2F94E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 硎 | *kʰreːŋ, *ɡeːŋ |
| 耕 | *kreːŋ |
| 荊 | *keŋ |
| 井 | *skeŋʔ |
| 丼 | *kl'oːmʔ, *skeŋʔ |
| 妌 | *sɡeŋʔ |
| 穽 | *sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs |
| 阱 | *sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs |
| 汫 | *sɡeːŋʔ |
| 刑 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 形 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 邢 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 鉶 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 型 | *ɡeːŋ |
| 侀 | *ɡeːŋ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xíng, kēng (xing$^2$, keng$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˊ, ㄎㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jing$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hing$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hêng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: síng
*** Wade–Giles: hsing$^2$
*** Yale: syíng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyng
*** Palladius: син (sin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiŋ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: keng
*** Wade–Giles: kʻêng$^1$
*** Yale: kēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keng
*** Palladius: кэн (kɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jing$^4$
*** Yale: yìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jing$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ying$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪŋ²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hing$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêng
*** Tâi-lô: hîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: heeng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: khaeng, heng
Rime :
| Character | 硎 | 硎 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 庚 (109) | 青 (125) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | IV |
| Fanqie | 客庚切 | 戸經切 |
| Baxter | khaeng | heng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰˠæŋ/ | /ɦeŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰᵚaŋ/ | /ɦeŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰaŋ/ | /ɣɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰaɨjŋ/ | /ɦɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰɐŋ/ | /ɣeŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰɐŋ/ | /ɣieŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kʰɐŋ/ | /ɣieŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kēng | xíng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hang$^1$ | jing$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤeŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰreːŋ/, /*ɡeːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 硎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xíng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ heng › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ˁeŋ/ |
| English | whetstone |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 硎 | 硎 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 6849 | 6860 |
| Phonetic component | 井 | 井 |
| Rime group | 耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 阬 | 㓝 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰreːŋ/ | /*ɡeːŋ/ |
| Notes | 同阬坑，集韻別義 | 見莊子 |

### Definitions

硎
* whetstone
* to whet; to grind; to polish

#### Compounds

* 新硎初試／新硎初试
* 發硎／发硎
* 發硎新試／发硎新试

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “硎”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 265.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): けい (kei)
* Kun: といし (toishi, 硎)