# казак
## Belarusian
### Etymology

From Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ), from Turkic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kaˈzak]

### Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m pers (genitive казака́, nominative plural казакі́, genitive plural казако́ў, feminine каза́чка)
* Cossack, cossack

#### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### References

* “казак” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian каза́к (kazák) (cf. Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ)), of Kipchak origin.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* IPA: [kɐˈzak]

### Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m (feminine каза́чка)
* Cossack

#### Related terms

* каза́х (kazáh, “Kazakh”)

### References

* “казак”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “казак”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Kyrgyz
### Etymology

From Old Turkic 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰸 (*qazǧaq, “profiteer”), from 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰣𐰢𐰴 (qazǧanmaq, “to acquire”), from 𐰴𐰔𐰢𐰴 (qazmaq, “to dig out”), from Proto-Turkic *kaŕ-. More at Kazakhs.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qazaq/
* Hyphenation: ка‧зак

### Adjective

казак • (kazak)
* Kazakh (pertaining to the Kazakh people or the Kazakh language)

### Noun

казак • (kazak) (Arabic spelling قازاق)
* Kazakh (by ethnicity)

#### Derived terms

* казакча (kazakca)
* Казакстан (Kazakstan)
** казакстандык (kazakstandık)

## Russian
### Alternative forms

* коза́к (kozák)
* коза́къ (kozák) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic козакъ (kozakŭ). Cognate to каза́х (kazáx, “Kazakh”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɐˈzak]
* Audio:(file)
* Homophone: коза́к (kozák)

### Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m anim (genitive казака́, nominative plural казаки́ or каза́ки$^*$, genitive plural казако́в or каза́ков$^*$, feminine каза́чка, relational adjective каза́чий or каза́цкий, diminutive казачо́к, pejorative казачи́шка) (* dated, uncommon)
* Cossack, cossack
* (obsolete) Kazakh
    Synonym: каза́х (kazáx)

#### Usage notes

* The older norm for "Cossack" was "коза́къ" (before 1918) and "коза́к" (until around the 1960s), and the older norm for "Kazakh" was "каза́къ" (before 1918) and until 1936 "каза́к". In modern Russian, the standard spelling for "Cossack" is only "каза́к", with two different stress patterns (b and d), e.g. plural "казаки́" or "каза́ки". For "Kazakh", only "каза́х" is the correct form, with stress pattern "a". According to Vasmer, "каза́ки" (stress pattern d) was influenced by Polish.

#### Declension

$^*$Dated, uncommon.

#### Descendants

* → Aleut: Kasakax̂
* → Danish: kosak
* → Finnish: kasakka
* → Ingrian: kazakka
* → Kamassian: кхазакх (kʰazakʰ)
* → Romanian: cazac
* → Proto-Samic:
** Kildin Sami: kаs (kas, “servant”)
* → Yup'ik: kass'aq

### Noun

каза́к • (kazák) m anim (genitive каза́ка, nominative plural каза́ки, genitive plural каза́ков, feminine каза́чка, relational adjective каза́кский)
* (obsolete) Kazakh
    Synonym: каза́х (kazáx)

#### Usage notes

* The older norm for "Kazakh" was "каза́къ" (before 1918) and until 1936 "каза́к". In modern Russian, the correct form is only "каза́х", with stress pattern "a".

#### Declension
### References

* Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “казак”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress