# चन्दन
## Hindi
### Noun

चन्दन • (candan) m (Urdu spelling چندن)
* Alternative spelling of चंदन (candan)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* চন্দন (Assamese script)
* ᬘᬦ᭄ᬤᬦ (Balinese script)
* চন্দন (Bengali script)
* 𑰓𑰡𑰿𑰟𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀘𑀦𑁆𑀤𑀦 (Brahmi script)
* စန္ဒန (Burmese script)
* ચન્દન (Gujarati script)
* ਚਨ੍ਦਨ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌚𑌨𑍍𑌦𑌨 (Grantha script)
* ꦕꦤ꧀ꦢꦤ (Javanese script)
* 𑂒𑂢𑂹𑂠𑂢 (Kaithi script)
* ಚನ್ದನ (Kannada script)
* ចន្ទន (Khmer script)
* ຈນ຺ທນ (Lao script)
* ചന്ദന (Malayalam script)
* ᢜᠠᠨᡩᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘓𑘡𑘿𑘟𑘡 (Modi script)
* ᢋᠠᠨᢑᠠᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦳𑧁𑧠𑦿𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐔𑐣𑑂𑐡𑐣 (Newa script)
* ଚନ୍ଦନ (Odia script)
* ꢗꢥ꣄ꢣꢥ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆖𑆤𑇀𑆢𑆤 (Sharada script)
* 𑖓𑖡𑖿𑖟𑖡 (Siddham script)
* චන්‍දන (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩡𑩯 𑪙𑩭𑩯 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚏𑚝𑚶𑚛𑚝 (Takri script)
* சந்த³ந (Tamil script)
* చన్దన (Telugu script)
* จนฺทน (Thai script)
* ཙ་ནྡ་ན (Tibetan script)
* 𑒔𑒢𑓂𑒠𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨣𑨝𑩇𑨛𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Usually derived from चन्दति (candati, “to shine”), but probably a Dravidian borrowing: compare Tamil சாந்து (cāntu, “Santalum tree”), சாந்தம் (cāntam, “sandalwood”), Malayalam ചാന്ത് (cāntŭ, “sandal paste”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /t͡ɕɐn.dɐ.nɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈt͡ɕɐn̪.d̪ɐ.n̪ɐ/

### Noun

चन्दन • (candana) stem, m
* sandalwood

#### Descendants

* Assamese: চন্দন (sondon)
* Bengali: চন্দন (condon)
* Gandhari: 𐨕𐨣𐨞 (canaṇa), 𐨕𐨎𐨡𐨣𐨎 (caṃdanaṃ)
** Byzantine Greek: σάνδανον (sándanon)
** → Middle Persian: cndl (/⁠čandal⁠/)
*** → Arabic: صَنْدَل (ṣandal) (see there for further descendants)
*** → Classical Syriac: ܨܢܕܠ (ṣandal)
* Gujarati: ચંદન (candan)
* Hindi: चन्दन (candan)
* Punjabi: ਚੰਦਨ (candan)
* → Old Armenian: ճանդան (čandan) (via an Iranian language)
** → Armenian: ճանդան (čandan)
* → Middle Chinese: 栴檀 (t͡ɕiᴇn dɑn /⁠t͡ɕiᴇn dɑn⁠/)
** Cantonese: 栴檀 (zin1 taan4)
** Mandarin: 栴檀 (zhāntán)
** → Japanese: 栴檀 (sendan)
** → Korean: 전단(栴檀) (jeondan)
* → Byzantine Greek: τζανδάναν (tzandánan) (in Cosmas Indicopleustes)
* → Kannada: ಚಂದನ (candana)
* → Lao: ຈັນ (chan)
* → Malay: cendana
** Indonesian: cendana
* → Mongolian: зандан (zandan), ᠽᠠᠨᠳᠠᠨ (zandan)
* → Old Turkic: 𐰲𐰃𐰣𐱃𐰣 (čïntan)
* → Pashto: چندنړ (čandaṛṇ)
* → Sogdian: 𐼿𐼻𐽂𐼻 (cntn /⁠*čandan⁠/)
* → Tamil: சந்தனம் (cantaṉam)
* → Malayalam: ചന്ദനം (candanaṁ)
* → Telugu: చందనము (candanamu)
* → Thai: จันทน์ (jan)
* → Classical Tibetan: ཙན་དན (tsan dan)
** Dzongkha: ཙན་དན (tsan dan)
** Tibetan: ཙན་དན (tsan dan)
* → Tocharian B: cantāṃ

### References

* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 373
* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “ճանդան”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 183b
* Martirosyan, Hrach (2014) “Armenian čandari ‘plane tree’”, in Iran and the Caucasus‎, volume 18, number 1, pages 51–63
* Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 1825, page 145a