# 襄

| 襄 | U+8944, &#35140; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8944 |
| ← 襃 [U+8943] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 襅 → [U+8945] |

## Translingual
### Han character

襄 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 卜口口女 (YRRV), four-corner 0073$_2$, composition ⿳亠⿱吅𠀎𧘇 or ⿱亠𱔞)

#### Derived characters

* 儴, 嚷, 壤, 孃, 㠤, 𢐿, 忀, 懹, 攘, 瀼, 獽, 𨽢, 𪱒, 欀, 𣩽, 爙, 瓖, 䑋, 禳, 𤬞, 𤰂, 𥗝, 穰, 𧟄, 𥽬, 纕(𬙋), 蠰, 讓, 躟, 釀, 𨳃, 鑲(镶), 𬰰, 饟(𫗵), 驤(骧), 𪊊, 𪓃, 𡗑
* 勷, 𨟚, 𣰶, 𣀮, 𭤑, 𣤸, 瓤, 𥀶, 蘘, 曩, 䉴, 𩆶, 鬤

#### Descendants

* 㐮

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1123, character 31
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34556
* Dae Jaweon: page 1591, character 20
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3109, character 12
* Unihan data for U+8944

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 襄 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 囊 | *naːŋ |
| 蠰 | *naːŋ, *sraŋ, *hnjaŋs, *njaŋʔ |
| 曩 | *naːŋʔ |
| 灢 | *naːŋʔ, *naːŋs |
| 儾 | *naːŋs |
| 孃 | *naŋ, *njaŋ |
| 瓤 | *naŋ, *njaŋ |
| 鑲 | *naŋ, *njaŋ |
| 釀 | *naŋs |
| 瓖 | *snaŋ, *snaŋ |
| 驤 | *snaŋ |
| 襄 | *snaŋ |
| 纕 | *snaŋ |
| 忀 | *snaŋ |
| 欀 | *snaŋ, *njaŋs |
| 饟 | *hnjaŋ, *hnjaŋʔ, *hnjaŋs |
| 攘 | *njaŋ, *njaŋʔ, *njaŋs |
| 禳 | *njaŋ |
| 穰 | *njaŋ, *njaŋʔ |
| 躟 | *njaŋ, *njaŋʔ |
| 瀼 | *njaŋ |
| 獽 | *njaŋ |
| 儴 | *njaŋ |
| 蘘 | *njaŋ |
| 鬤 | *njaŋ, *rnaːŋ |
| 勷 | *njaŋ |
| 壤 | *njaŋʔ |
| 嚷 | *njaŋʔ |
| 讓 | *njaŋs |
| 懹 | *njaŋs |
| 攮 | *rnoːŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *snaŋ) : phonetic 𤕦 + semantic 衣 (Li Xueqin, 2012). However, the original version on oracle bones resembles a man with raised hands while undressing; later, a hand and the radical of the cloth were added.

### Etymology
#### “to remove”

    From *s- (“causative”) + 攘 (OC *naŋ, “to steal; to expel”) (Schuessler, 2007; Baxter and Sagart, 2014).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiāng (xiang$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): xiong$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): siông
    (Meixian, Guangdong): xiong$^1$
* Jin (Wiktionary): xion$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): sióng
* Eastern Min (BUC): siŏng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siong / siang
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siang$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$shian
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sian$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siang
*** Wade–Giles: hsiang$^1$
*** Yale: syāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiang
*** Palladius: сян (sjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^1$
*** Yale: sēung
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: xiong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiɔŋ⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siông
*** Hakka Romanization System: xiong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xiong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /si̯oŋ²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: xiong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: xion$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiɒ̃¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sióng
*** Sinological IPA : /siɔŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siŏng
*** Sinological IPA : /suoŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siong
*** Tâi-lô: siong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siofng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siang
*** Tâi-lô: siang
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siafng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siang$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siang
*** Sinological IPA : /siaŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$shian
*** MiniDict: shian$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$xian
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiã⁵³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: sian$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /si̯æn³³/
*** Sinological IPA (new-style): /ɕi̯æn³³/
* Middle Chinese: sjang
Rime :
| Character | 襄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 息良切 |
| Baxter | sjang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /siɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɨaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /siaŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭaŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /si̯aŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | soeng$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-naŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*snaŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 襄 | 襄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiāng | xiāng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sjang › | ‹ sjang › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-naŋ/ | /*s-naŋ/ |
| English | remove | Xiāng (personal name) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 襄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 13620 |
| Phonetic component | 襄 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 襄 |
| Old Chinese | /*snaŋ/ |
| Notes | 從衣，中從饟之初文得聲 |

### Definitions

襄
* (literary) to aid; to help; to assist
* (literary) to accomplish; to achieve; to complete
* (literary) to remove
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Qiáng yǒu cí, bùkě xiāng yě. [Pinyin]
    The tribulus grow on the wall, And cannot be removed.
* (literary) to raise up; to ascend over
* (literary) tall; high
* Alternative form of 驤／骧 (xiāng)
* Alternative form of 攘
* a surname

### Compounds

* 七襄
* 上襄
* 三襄夷
* 允襄
* 公襄
* 共襄盛舉／共襄盛举 (gòngxiāngshèngjǔ)
* 劻襄
* 匡襄
* 夔襄
* 孟襄陽／孟襄阳
* 宋襄之仁 (sòngxiāngzhīrén)
* 宋襄公
* 定襄 (Dìngxiāng)
* 屏襄門／屏襄门 (Píngxiāngmén)
* 懷山襄陵／怀山襄陵
* 懷襄／怀襄
* 文襄
* 朱襄
* 楚襄
* 磬襄
* 秦襄公
* 米襄陽／米襄阳
* 襄事
* 襄助 (xiāngzhù)
* 襄城 (Xiāngchéng)
* 襄尺
* 襄州 (Xiāngzhōu)
* 襄樊 (Xiāngfán)
* 襄樣節度／襄样节度
* 襄河
* 襄王夢／襄王梦
* 襄理
* 襄禮／襄礼
* 襄羊
* 襄贊／襄赞
* 襄辦／襄办 (xiāngbàn)
* 襄野
* 襄鐘／襄钟
* 襄陵
* 襄陽／襄阳 (Xiāngyáng)
* 襄陽砲／襄阳炮
* 襄點／襄点
* 贊襄／赞襄 (zànxiāng)
* 雲起龍襄／云起龙襄
* 頃襄／顷襄
* 馮襄／冯襄
* 龍襄／龙襄

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 㐮 |
| Kyūjitai | 襄 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 㐮)
* To rise; raise

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): じょう (jō)、しょう (shō)
* Kun: のぼる (noboru)、あげる (ageru)、たかい (takai)
* Nanori: たかし (takashi)、のぼり (nobori)、のぼる (noboru)、ゆずる (yuzuru)

## Korean
### Hanja

襄 (eumhun 도울 양 (doul yang))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

襄: Hán Nôm readings: tương
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.