# 轄

| 轄 | U+8F44, &#36676; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F44 |
| ← 轃 [U+8F43] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 轅 → [U+8F45] |

## Translingual
### Han character

轄 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 十十十手口 (JJJQR), four-corner 5306$_1$, composition ⿰車害)

#### Derived characters

* 𫬭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1247, character 32
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38482
* Dae Jaweon: page 1725, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3551, character 1
* Unihan data for U+8F44

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 轄 | *kʰaːds, *ɡraːd |
| 害 | *ɡaːds |
| 犗 | *kraːds |
| 幰 | *qʰanʔ |
| 攇 | *qʰanʔ |
| 憲 | *hŋans |
| 瀗 | *qʰans |
| 割 | *kaːd |
| 磍 | *kreːd, *kʰraːd |
| 瞎 | *qʰraːd |
| 鎋 | *ɡraːd |
| 鶷 | *ɡraːd |
| 縖 | *ɡraːd |
| 豁 | *qʰʷaːd |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰaːds, *ɡraːd) : phonetic 害 (OC *ɡaːds) + semantic 車 (“cart”) – linchpin.

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiá (xia$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hat$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ho̍t
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hod$^6$
* Eastern Min (BUC): hăk
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ha̍t / hat
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hag$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiá
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siá
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^2$
*** Yale: syá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
*** Palladius: ся (sja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hat$^6$
*** Yale: haht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hed$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ho̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: hod
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hod$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /hot̚⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hod$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /hɔt̚⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: hăk
*** Sinological IPA : /haʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍t
*** Tâi-lô: ha̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hat
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /hat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hat̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hat
*** Tâi-lô: hat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: had
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /hat̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hat̚⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hag$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hak
*** Sinological IPA : /hak̚²/
* Middle Chinese: khajH, haet
Rime :
| Character | 轄 | 轄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (25) | 黠 (71) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 苦蓋切 | 胡瞎切 |
| Baxter | khajH | haet |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰɑi$^H$/ | /ɦˠat̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰɑi$^H$/ | /ɦᵚat̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɑi$^H$/ | /ɣɐt̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰaj$^H$/ | /ɦaɨt̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰɑi$^H$/ | /ɣat̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰɑi$^H$/ | /ɣat̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kʰɑi$^H$/ | /ɣăt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kài | xiá |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hoi$^3$ | haat$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤrat/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰaːds/, /*ɡraːd/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 轄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiá |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hæt › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁrat/ |
| English | wheel-axle cap with linch-pin |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 轄 | 轄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 4844 | 4856 |
| Phonetic component | 害 | 害 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 月 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 磕 | 鎋 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰaːds/ | /*ɡraːd/ |

#### Definitions

轄
* to govern; to control
* having jurisdiction over
* noise of a barrow
* rule; control
* to run; to manage
* linchpin of wheel
    Mòzǐ wèi gōngshūzǐ yuē: “Zǐ zhī wèi què yě, bùrú jiàng zhī wèi chē xiá.” [Pinyin]
    Mozi said to him: Your accomplishment in constructing a bird does not compare with that of the carpenter in making a linch-pin.

#### Compounds

* 投轄／投辖
* 直轄／直辖 (zhíxiá)
* 直轄市／直辖市 (zhíxiáshì)
* 省轄市／省辖市 (shěngxiáshì)
* 管轄／管辖 (guǎnxiá)
* 管轄權／管辖权 (guǎnxiáquán)
* 統轄／统辖 (tǒngxiá)
* 縣轄市／县辖市
* 總轄／总辖
* 轄制／辖制 (xiázhì)
* 轄區／辖区 (xiáqū)
* 轄地／辖地 (xiádì)
* 轄境／辖境 (xiájìng)
* 轄床／辖床
* 轄押／辖押
* 轄治／辖治
* 都轄／都辖
* 院轄市／院辖市
* 陳遵投轄／陈遵投辖

### Pronunciation 2

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ha̍t
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍t
*** Tâi-lô: ha̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hat̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hat̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hat̚⁴/

#### Definitions

轄
* (Hokkien) Alternative form of 乏 (“to be moderate; to abstain; to check; to restrict oneself (in food, usage, spending, addiction, etc.)”)

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 轄 |
| Kyūjitai | 轄󠄁 轄+&#xE0101; (Adobe-Japan1) |
| Kyūjitai | 轄󠄅 轄+&#xE0105; (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |||

### Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)
* Control
* Wedge

#### Readings

* Go-on: かい (kai)、げち (gechi)
* Kan-on: かい (kai)、かつ (katsu, Jōyō)
* Kun: くさび (kusabi, 轄)

### References

* ↑ “轄”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

## Korean
### Hanja

轄 (eumhun 다스릴 할 (daseuril hal))
* linchpin
* to govern; to control

#### Compounds

* 管轄 (관할)
* 統轄 (통할)
* 直轄 (직할)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

轄: Hán Nôm readings: hạt, hợt, hặt, hách, hoách
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.