# ضعف
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

* Root
* ض ع ف (ḍ ʕ f)
* 9 terms

#### Verb

ضَعُفَ • (ḍaʕufa) I (non-past يَضْعُفُ (yaḍʕufu), verbal noun ضُعْف (ḍuʕf) or ضَعْف (ḍaʕf))
* (intransitive) to weaken

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

ضَعَّفَ • (ḍaʕʕafa) II (non-past يُضَعِّفُ (yuḍaʕʕifu), verbal noun تَضْعِيف (taḍʕīf))
* (transitive) to weaken, to make weak
* (transitive) to double
* (linguistics, transitive) to geminate (a consonant)

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Noun

ضُعْف • (ḍuʕf) m
* verbal noun of ضَعُفَ (ḍaʕufa) (form I)
* weakness

##### Declension
### Etymology 3
#### Noun

ضَعْف • (ḍaʕf) m
* verbal noun of ضَعُفَ (ḍaʕufa) (form I)
* weakness

##### Descendants

* Ottoman Turkish: ضعف
** Turkish: zaaf

#### Noun

ضِعْفٌ • (ḍiʕfun) m (plural أَضْعَاف (ʔaḍʕāf))
* double
* a multiple, (after numerals) -fold
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:265:وَمَثَلُ ٱلَّذِینَ یُنفِقُونَ أَمۡوَ ٰ⁠لَهُمُ ٱبۡتِغَاۤءَ مَرۡضَاتِ ٱللَّهِ وَتَثۡبِیتࣰا مِّنۡ أَنفُسِهِمۡ كَمَثَلِ جَنَّةِۭ بِرَبۡوَةٍ أَصَابَهَا وَابِلࣱ فَـَٔاتَتۡ أُكُلَهَا ضِعۡفَیۡنِ فَإِن لَّمۡ یُصِبۡهَا وَابِلࣱ فَطَلࣱّۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِیرٌwamaṯalu llaḏīna yunfiqūna ʔamwālahumu btiḡāʔa marḍāti l-lahi wataṯbītan min ʔanfusihim kamaṯali jannatim birabwatin ʔaṣābahā wābilun faʔātat ʔukulahā ḍiʕfayni faʔin lam yuṣibhā wābilun faṭallun wal-lahu bimā taʕmalūna baṣīrunAnd the example of those who donate their wealth, seeking Allah’s pleasure and believing the reward is certain,1 is that of a garden on a fertile hill: when heavy rain falls, it yields up twice its normal produce. If no heavy rain falls, a drizzle is sufficient. And Allah is All-Seeing of what you do. — Translated by Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran
** The New Testament, Mark 10:30
    إِلاَّ نالَ الآنَ في هٰذهِ الدُّنْيا مائةَ ضِعْفٍ مِنَ البُيوتِ والإِخوَةِ والأَخَواتِ والأُمَّهاتِ والبَنينَ والحُقولِ مع الاِضطِهادات، ونالَ في الآخِرَةِ الحَياةَ الأَبَدِيَّة.who will not receive one hundred times as much, now in this time: houses, and brothers, and sisters, and mothers, and children, and land, with persecutions, and in the future age eternal life.

##### Declension
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ضَعْف (ḍaʕf, “weakness”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [zaʔf]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zäʔf]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [zäʔf]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [zɑːf]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [zɔːf]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [zæʔf]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [zäʔf]

### Noun

| Dari | ضعف |
| Iranian Persian | ضعف |
| Tajik | заъф |
ضعف • (za'f)
* weakness

#### Related terms

* ضعیف (za'if)

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ض ع ف
* 1 term

### Etymology 1

From Arabic ضَعُفَ (ḍaʕufa).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dˤi.ʕif/, [ˈdˤi.ʕɪf]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

ضعف • (ḍiʕif) I (present بضعف (biḍʕaf))
* to become weak
* to lose weight
    Antonym: نصح (niṣiḥ)

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of ضعف (ḍiʕif) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | ضعفت (ḍʕift) | ضعفت (ḍʕift) | ضعف (ḍiʕif) | ضعفنا (ḍʕifna) | ضعفتو (ḍʕiftu) | ضعفو (ḍiʕfu) |
| past | f | ضعفت (ḍʕift) | ضعفتي (ḍʕifti) | ضعفت (ḍiʕfat) | ضعفنا (ḍʕifna) | ضعفتو (ḍʕiftu) | ضعفو (ḍiʕfu) |
| present | m | بضعف (baḍʕaf) | بتضعف (btiḍʕaf) | بضعف (biḍʕaf) | منضعف (mniḍʕaf) | بتضعفو (btiḍʕafu) | بضعفو (biḍʕafu) |
| present | f | بضعف (baḍʕaf) | بتضعفي (btiḍʕafi) | بتضعف (btiḍʕaf) | منضعف (mniḍʕaf) | بتضعفو (btiḍʕafu) | بضعفو (biḍʕafu) |
| subjunctive | m | أضعف (ʔaḍʕaf) | تضعف (tiḍʕaf) | يضعف (yiḍʕaf) | نضعف (niḍʕaf) | تضعفو (tiḍʕafu) | يضعفو (yiḍʕafu) |
| subjunctive | f | أضعف (ʔaḍʕaf) | تضعفي (tiḍʕafi) | تضعف (tiḍʕaf) | نضعف (niḍʕaf) | تضعفو (tiḍʕafu) | يضعفو (yiḍʕafu) |
| imperative | m | | اضعف (iḍʕaf) | | | اضعفو (iḍʕafu) | |
| imperative | f | | اضعفي (iḍʕafi) | | | اضعفو (iḍʕafu) | |

### Etymology 2

From Arabic ضَعَّفَ (ḍaʕʕafa).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dˤaʕ.ʕaf/, [ˈdˤɑʕ.ʕɑf]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

#### Verb

ضعّف • (ḍaʕʕaf) II (present بضعّف (biḍaʕʕef))
* to weaken, to lighten

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of ضعّف (ḍaʕʕaf) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | ضعّفت (ḍaʕʕaft) | ضعّفت (ḍaʕʕaft) | ضعّف (ḍaʕʕaf) | ضعّفنا (ḍaʕʕafna) | ضعّفتو (ḍaʕʕaftu) | ضعّفو (ḍaʕʕafu) |
| past | f | ضعّفت (ḍaʕʕaft) | ضعّفتي (ḍaʕʕafti) | ضعّفت (ḍaʕʕafat) | ضعّفنا (ḍaʕʕafna) | ضعّفتو (ḍaʕʕaftu) | ضعّفو (ḍaʕʕafu) |
| present | m | بضعّف (baḍaʕʕef) | بتضعّف (bitḍaʕʕef) | بضعّف (biḍaʕʕef) | منضعّف (minḍaʕʕef) | بتضعّفو (bitḍaʕʕfu) | بضعّفو (biḍaʕʕfu) |
| present | f | بضعّف (baḍaʕʕef) | بتضعّفي (bitḍaʕʕfi) | بتضعّف (bitḍaʕʕef) | منضعّف (minḍaʕʕef) | بتضعّفو (bitḍaʕʕfu) | بضعّفو (biḍaʕʕfu) |
| subjunctive | m | اضعّف (aḍaʕʕef) | تضعّف (tḍaʕʕef) | يضعّف (yḍaʕʕef) | نضعّف (nḍaʕʕef) | تضعّفو (tḍaʕʕfu) | يضعّفو (yḍaʕʕfu) |
| subjunctive | f | اضعّف (aḍaʕʕef) | تضعّفي (tḍaʕʕfi) | تضعّف (tḍaʕʕef) | نضعّف (nḍaʕʕef) | تضعّفو (tḍaʕʕfu) | يضعّفو (yḍaʕʕfu) |
| imperative | m | | ضعّف (ḍaʕʕef) | | | ضعّفو (ḍaʕʕfu) | |
| imperative | f | | ضعّفي (ḍaʕʕfi) | | | ضعّفو (ḍaʕʕfu) | |