# empreñar
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* emprenhar (reintegrationist)

### Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese emprennar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Late Latin impraegnāre. Doublet of impregnar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /empɾeˈɲaɾ/ [em.pɾeˈɲaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Hyphenation: em‧pre‧ñar

### Verb

empreñar (first-person singular present empreño, first-person singular preterite empreñei, past participle empreñado)
* (transitive) to impregnate (to cause to become pregnant)
    Synonym: preñar
* (intransitive) to become pregnant

#### Conjugation
### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “emprennar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “enpren”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “empreñar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “empreñar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “empreñar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

### Further reading

* “empreñar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

## Spanish
### Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin impraegnāre. Doublet of impregnar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /empɾeˈɲaɾ/ [ẽm.pɾeˈɲaɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: em‧pre‧ñar

### Verb

empreñar (first-person singular present empreño, first-person singular preterite empreñé, past participle empreñado)
* (transitive) to impregnate (to cause to become pregnant)
    Synonym: preñar
* (colloquial, transitive) to vex, to annoy
* (archaic, transitive) to impregnate (to fill pores or spaces with a substance)
    Synonym: impregnar

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | empreñar | empreñar | empreñar | empreñar | empreñar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | empreñando | empreñando | empreñando | empreñando | empreñando |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | empreñado | empreñado | empreñada | empreñada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | empreñados | empreñados | empreñadas | empreñadas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | empreño | empreñas$^{tú}$ empreñás$^{vos}$ | empreña | empreñamos | empreñáis | empreñan |
| indicative | imperfect | empreñaba | empreñabas | empreñaba | empreñábamos | empreñabais | empreñaban |
| indicative | preterite | empreñé | empreñaste | empreñó | empreñamos | empreñasteis | empreñaron |
| indicative | future | empreñaré | empreñarás | empreñará | empreñaremos | empreñaréis | empreñarán |
| indicative | conditional | empreñaría | empreñarías | empreñaría | empreñaríamos | empreñaríais | empreñarían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | empreñe | empreñes$^{tú}$ empreñés$^{vos2}$ | empreñe | empreñemos | empreñéis | empreñen |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | empreñara | empreñaras | empreñara | empreñáramos | empreñarais | empreñaran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | empreñase | empreñases | empreñase | empreñásemos | empreñaseis | empreñasen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | empreñare | empreñares | empreñare | empreñáremos | empreñareis | empreñaren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | empreña$^{tú}$ empreñá$^{vos}$ | empreñe | empreñemos | empreñad | empreñen |
| imperative | negative | | no empreñes | no empreñe | no empreñemos | no empreñéis | no empreñen |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “empreñar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28