# 熒

| 熒 | U+7192, &#29074; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7192 |
| ← 熑 [U+7191] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 熓 → [U+7193] |

## Translingual
### Han character

熒 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 火火月火 (FFBF) or 難火火月火 (XFFBF), four-corner 9980$_9$, composition ⿱𤇾火)

#### Derived characters

* 濙(𣸨) 藀 𡂋 𧓌 𧭓 𰟭

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 679, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19304
* Dae Jaweon: page 1091, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2225, character 2
* Unihan data for U+7192

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 熒 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
| | Old Chinese |
| 鶯 | *qreːŋ |
| 罃 | *qreːŋ |
| 嫈 | *qreːŋ, *qreːŋs, *qʷeŋ |
| 褮 | *qreːŋ, *qʷeŋ, *ɢʷeːŋ |
| 覮 | *pqʰʷeːŋ |
| 謍 | *qʰʷreːŋ, *qʷreːŋ, *ɢʷeŋ |
| 䁝 | *qʷraːŋʔ |
| 嶸 | *ɢʷreːŋ, *ɢʷreŋ |
| 嵤 | *ɢʷreːŋ |
| 榮 | *ɢʷreŋ |
| 瑩 | *ɢʷreŋ, *qʷeːŋs |
| 蠑 | *ɢʷreŋ |
| 禜 | *ɢʷreŋ, *ɢʷreŋs |
| 醟 | *ɢʷreŋs, *qʰʷeŋs |
| 檾 | *kʰʷeŋʔ, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 煢 | *ɡʷeŋ |
| 焭 | *ɡʷeŋ |
| 縈 | *qʷeŋ |
| 營 | *ɢʷeŋ |
| 鎣 | *ɢʷeŋ, *qʷeːŋs |
| 塋 | *ɢʷeŋ |
| 濴 | *ɢʷeŋ |
| 熒 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
| 螢 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
| 滎 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
| 濙 | *qʷeːŋʔ |
| 瀅 | *qʷeːŋs |
Pictogram (象形) – The protoform is 𤇾. 𤇾 is a pictogram of two intersecting torches, meaning the fire light. In Qin and Han, the crossing of the torches "乂" became "冂", and "𤇾" is no longer used as independent character as a third "火" (fire) was added into "𤇾". Thus, "熒" was formed.

### Etymology

熒 (OC wêŋ) belongs to a word-family whose stem is *weŋ "bright, dazzle", which converges with 瞬 (OC *win) "to move the eyes" (Schuessler, 2007). Other items in the same word-family are:
* 眩 (OC wîn(s)?, “troubled sight, deluded, deceive”),
* 炫 (OC wîns, “bright, dazzle, show off”),
* 瑩 (OC wreŋ, “bright, color of jade > kind of gem”)
* 熲 (OC kwêŋʔ, “light, flame, blaze”), which is 熒 (OC wêŋ) with *k- nominalizer.
* 榮 (OC wreŋ, “flower > flowering, prosperity > glory”), which is the same word as 熒 (OC wêŋ).
This word-family could be Proto-Sino-Tibetan and related to Mizo ven & veng (“to be open; to be unobstructed by trees, clouds, etc; to be clear; to be free of clouds; to be bright (as weather)”) (ibid.).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yíng (ying$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jing$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): êng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yíng
*** Wade–Giles: ying$^2$
*** Yale: yíng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yng
*** Palladius: ин (in)
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jing$^4$
*** Yale: yìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jing$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ying$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: êng
*** Tâi-lô: îng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: eeng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /iɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ²³/
* Middle Chinese: hweng
Rime :
| Character | 熒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (126) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 戸扃切 |
| Baxter | hweng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦweŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷeŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣueŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣiweŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣiweŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xióng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wing$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[N]-qʷˤeŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 熒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yíng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hweng › |
| Old Chinese | /*[N]-qʷˁeŋ/ |
| English | dazzle |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 熒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 15386 |
| Phonetic component | 熒 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 熒 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷeːŋ/ |

### Definitions

熒
* luminous; fluorescent
* to shine; to shimmer; to dazzle

### Compounds

* 瀅熒／滢荧
* 熒光／荧光 (yíngguāng)
* 熒光屏／荧光屏 (yíngguāngpíng)
* 熒光板／荧光板
* 熒光棒／荧光棒 (yíngguāngbàng)
* 熒光燈／荧光灯 (yíngguāngdēng)
* 熒光筆／荧光笔 (yíngguāngbǐ)
* 熒光粉／荧光粉
* 熒屏／荧屏
* 熒幕廣告／荧幕广告
* 熒惑／荧惑 (yínghuò)
* 熒煌／荧煌 (yínghuáng)
* 熒熒／荧荧 (yíngyíng)
* 熒燎／荧燎
* 燈燭熒煌／灯烛荧煌
* 燈盞熒熒／灯盏荧荧
* 金碧熒煌／金碧荧煌

### Further reading

* “熒”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* Alternative form of 螢 (luminous, fluorescent)

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
* Kan-on: けい (kei)
* Kun: ほたる (hotaru, 熒)

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [çʌ̹ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [형]

### Hanja

Wikisource 熒 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng)
* lamplight
* the glow of a firefly
* shine

## Vietnamese
### Han character

熒: Hán Nôm readings: huỳnh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.