# 渙

| 渙 | U+6E19, &#28185; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E19 |
| ← 渘 [U+6E18] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 渚 → [U+6E1A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

渙 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水弓月大 (ENBK), four-corner 3713$_4$, composition ⿰氵奐)

#### Derived characters

* 𮦲

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 633, character 40
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17757
* Dae Jaweon: page 1039, character 26
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 3, page 1683, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6E19

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 渙 | *qʰʷaːds, *qʰʷaːns |
| 瘓 | *tqʰʷaːnʔ |
| 喚 | *qʰʷaːns |
| 煥 | *qʰʷaːns |
| 奐 | *qʰʷaːns |
| 寏 | *ɢʷaːn |
| 換 | *ɢʷaːns |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huàn (huan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wun$^6$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang$^4$ / huong$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hoàn
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huàn
*** Wade–Giles: huan$^4$
*** Yale: hwàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huann
*** Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯än⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wun$^6$
*** Yale: wuhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wun$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wun$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuːn²²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huang$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ⁴²/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoŋ⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
*** Tâi-lô: huàn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /huan²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan²¹/
* Middle Chinese: xwajH, xwanH
Rime :
| Character | 渙 | 渙 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (26) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 呼會切 | 火貫切 |
| Baxter | xwajH | xwanH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /huɑi$^H$/ | /huɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hʷɑi$^H$/ | /hʷɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xuɑi$^H$/ | /xuɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hwaj$^H$/ | /hwan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /xuɑi$^H$/ | /xuɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /xuɑi$^H$/ | /xuɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /xuɑi$^H$/ | /xuɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huì | huàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fui$^3$ | fun$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʷʰˤa[n]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰʷaːds/, /*qʰʷaːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 渙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | huàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xwan$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʷʰˁa[n]-s/ |
| English | amply-flowing |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 渙 | 渙 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5353 | 5357 |
| Phonetic component | 奐 | 奐 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𧬨 | 喚 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰʷaːds/ | /*qʰʷaːns/ |

### Definitions

渙
* to dissipate; to dissolve
* (literary) to issue imperial edicts
* (literary) overflowing; brimming
* 59th hexagram of the I Ching

#### Compounds

* 人心渙散／人心涣散
* 人心渙漓／人心涣漓
* 判渙／判涣
* 叛渙／叛涣
* 泮渙／泮涣
* 渙乎／涣乎
* 渙散／涣散 (huànsàn)
* 渙汗／涣汗
* 渙渙／涣涣
* 渙然／涣然
* 渙然冰釋／涣然冰释
* 王之渙／王之涣
* 精神渙散／精神涣散

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “涣”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* scatter

#### Readings

* Go-on: かん (kan)
* Kan-on: かん (kan)
* Kun: あきらか (akiraka, 渙らか)、きよし (kiyoshi)
* Nanori: あきら (akira)、きよし (kiyoshi)

## Korean
### Hanja

渙 (eum 환 (hwan))
* scatter
* scattered, dispersed

## Vietnamese
### Han character

渙: Hán Nôm readings: hoán
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation