# نعش
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1

Seemingly a Middle Iranian borrowing equivalent to Persian لاش (lâš). Prefixation to ع ي ش (ʕ-y-š) as in نَوْرَج (nawraj) is also considered. The verbs in the root ن ع ش (n-ʕ-š) are denominal in any case.

#### Alternative forms

* نَعَش (naʕaš), نَعَاش (naʕāš) — al-Andalus, proscribed, plurals there also أَنْعَاش (ʔanʕāš) and أَنْعِشَة (ʔanʕiša)

#### Noun

نَعْش • (naʕš) m (plural نُعُوش (nuʕūš))
* corpse (human)
* bier, stretcher
** 577 AH / 1181–82 CE, ابن هشام اللخمي [Ibn Hišām al-Laḵmiyy], edited by José Pérez Lázaro, الْمَدْخَلُ إِلَى تَقْوِيمِ اللِسَانِ وَتَعْلِيمِ الْبَيَانِ (al-madḵalu ʔilā taqwīmi l-lisāni wataʕlīmi l-bayāni) [Introducción a la corrección del lenguaje y la enseñanza de la elocuencia] (Fuentes Arábico-Hispanas; 6), volume II, Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional, published 1990, →ISBN, page 290 Nr. 309:ويقولون للّذي يُحْمَلُ عليه الميّت النَّعَاشُ. والصّواب النَّعْشُ. قال الشّاعر: أَمَحْمُولٌ عَلَى النَّعْشِ الهُمَامُThem man say for that on which one is carried dead naʕāš. The right is naʕš. A poet (al-Nābiḡa aḏ-Ḏubyāni) said: I am carried high on the bier.

##### Descendants

* → Middle Armenian: նաշ (naš)
* → Persian: نعش (na'š)
* → Ottoman Turkish: نعش (naʼş)
** Turkish: naaş

### Etymology 1.2
#### Verb

نَعَشَ • (naʕaša) I (non-past يَنْعَشُ (yanʕašu), verbal noun نَعْش (naʕš))
* to lift up, to raise
* to animate, to revive, to restore in health or wealth
* to praise, to eulogize

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 1.3
#### Verb

نَعَّشَ • (naʕʕaša) II (non-past يُنَعِّشُ (yunaʕʕišu), verbal noun تَنْعِيش (tanʕīš))
* to lift up, to raise
* to say to someone that he shall rise

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Verb

نَعِشْ • (naʕiš) (form I) /na.ʕiʃ/
* first-person plural non-past active jussive of عَاشَ (ʕāša)

### References

* Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 1272–1273
* Schiaparelli, Celestino (1871) “نعش”, in Vocabulista in arabico. Pubblicato per la prima volta sopra un codice della Biblioteca Riccardiana di Firenze (in Arabic), Firenze: Tipografia dei successori Le Monnier, page 206a
* Schiaparelli, Celestino (1871) “نعش”, in Vocabulista in arabico. Pubblicato per la prima volta sopra un codice della Biblioteca Riccardiana di Firenze (in Arabic), Firenze: Tipografia dei successori Le Monnier, page 387
* Shapira, Dan D. Y. (2009) “Irano-Arabica: contamination and popular etymology. Notes on the Persian and Arabic lexicons (with references to Aramaic, Hebrew and Turkic)”, in Христианский Восток – Новая Серия, volume 5 (XI), Moscow: Издательство Российской Академии Наук и Государственного Эрмитажа, page 177 fn. 86

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نَعْش (naʕš). If that is of Iranian origin, doublet of لاش (lâš).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [naʔʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [näʔʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [näʔʃ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [nɑːʃ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [nɔːʃ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [næʔʃ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [näʔʃ]

### Noun

نعش • (na'š) (dated)
* corpse (human)
** 1962, Jalal Al-e-Ahmad, غرب‌زدگی [Occidentosis: A Plague from the West]:[…] و من نعش آن بزرگوار را بر سرِ دار، هم‌چون پرچمی می‌دانم که به علامت استیلای غرب‌زدگی پس از دویست سال کشمکش، بر بام سرای مملکت افراشته شد. […] va man na'š-e ân bozorgvâr râ bar sar-e dâr, ham-čun parčami mi-dânam ke be alâmat-e estelâ-ye ğarb-zadegi pas az devist sâl-e kešmakeš, bar bâm-e sarâ-ye mamlekat afrâšte šod. […] and I consider the body of that great man on the gallows to have been like a flag which signaled the triumph of Occidentosis, raised over the roof of the country's house after two hundred years of struggle.
* bier containing a corpse

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “نعش”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim