# gardar
## Franco-Provençal
### Verb

gardar (Old Beaujolais)
* Alternative form of gouardar (“to guard”)

### References

* gardar in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

## Galician
### Alternative forms

* guardar

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese gardar, from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaɾ.ˈdaɾ/

### Verb

gardar (first-person singular present gardo, first-person singular preterite gardei, past participle gardado)
* (transitive) to guard, watch
* (transitive) to guard, protect
** 1460, Rui Vasques, Crónica de Santa María de Iria, Santiago: Ediciós do Castro, page 135:Et logo comesçou a rreparrar o castello do Est por gardar a terra dos ysmaelitas et normanos, que entrauã porla rria e estragauã toda a terra.And then he began to repair the castle of Oeste, to protect the country from the Ismaelites and the Norsemen, who used to enter through the firth, then wasting all the land
* (transitive) to keep
* (reflexive) to avoid, to abstain, to keep [with de (+ infinitive) ‘from doing something’]
* (reflexive) to protect oneself [with de ‘from something’]

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

#### Derived terms

* agardar
* gardacostas

#### Related terms

* garda
* gardameta

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “gardar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “gardar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “gardar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “gardar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “gardar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “gardar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “gardar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²ɡɑːrɑr/

#### Noun

gardar m
* indefinite plural of gard

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /²ɡɑrdɑr/

#### Noun

gardar m
* indefinite plural of garde

## Occitan
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Occitan g(u)ardar, from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

gardar (Languedoc, Vivaro-Alpine)
* to protect

#### Conjugation

| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | gardar | gardar | gardar | aver gardat | aver gardat | aver gardat |
| gerund | gerund | gardant | gardant | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | gardat | gardat | gardat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | gardi | gardas | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan |
| indicative | imperfect | gardavi | gardavas | gardava | gardàvem | gardàvetz | gardavan |
| indicative | preterite | gardèri | gardères | gardèt | gardèrem | gardèretz | gardèron |
| indicative | future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardarà | gardarem | gardaretz | gardaràn |
| indicative | conditional | gardariái | gardariás | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | garde | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | garden |
| subjunctive | imperfect | gardèssi | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardèssem | gardèssetz | gardèsson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | garda | | gardem | gardatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | gardar | gardar | gardar | aver gardat | aver gardat | aver gardat |
| gerund | gerund | gardant | gardant | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | gardat | gardat | gardat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | garde | gardes | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardon |
| indicative | imperfect | gardave | gardaves | gardava | gardaviam | gardaviatz | gardavon |
| indicative | preterite | gardere | garderes | gardet | gardem | gardetz | garderon |
| indicative | future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardará | gardarem | gardaretz | gardarán |
| indicative | conditional | gardariá | gardariás | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | garde | gardes | garde | gardassiam | gardassiatz | gardon |
| subjunctive | imperfect | gardesse | gardesses | gardesse | gardessiam | gardessiatz | gardesson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | garda | | gardassiam | gardatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | gardar | gardar | gardar | aver gardat | aver gardat | aver gardat |
| gerund | gerund | gardant | gardant | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | gardat | gardat | gardat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | gardi | gardas | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan |
| indicative | imperfect | gardavi | gardavas | gardava | gardàvam | gardàvatz | gardavan |
| indicative | preterite | gardèi | gardès | gardè | gardèm | gardètz | gardèn |
| indicative | future | gardarèi | gardaràs | gardarà | gardaram | gardaratz | gardaràn |
| indicative | conditional | gardarí | gardarés | gardaré | gardarem | gardaretz | gardarén |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | gardi | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | garden |
| subjunctive | imperfect | gardèssi | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardèssem | gardèssetz | gardèssen |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | garda | | gardem | gardatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | gardar | gardar | gardar | aver gardat | aver gardat | aver gardat |
| gerund | gerund | gardant | gardant | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | gardat | gardat | gardat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | garde | gardas | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan |
| indicative | imperfect | gardava | gardavas | gardava | gardàvam | gardàvatz | gardavan |
| indicative | preterite | gardei | garderas | gardet | gardèram | gardèratz | garderan |
| indicative | future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardará | gardarem | gardaretz | gardarán |
| indicative | conditional | gardariá | gardariàs | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | garde | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | garden |
| subjunctive | imperfect | gardèsse | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardèssem | gardèssetz | gardèssen |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | garda | | gardem | gardatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | gardar | gardar | gardar | aver gardat | aver gardat | aver gardat |
| gerund | gerund | gardant | gardant | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | gardat | gardat | gardat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | garde | gardes | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan |
| indicative | imperfect | gardavi | gardavas | gardava | gardàvem | gardàvetz | gardavan |
| indicative | preterite | gardère | gardères | gardèt | garderiam | garderiatz | gardèron |
| indicative | future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardarà | gardarem | gardaretz | gardaràn |
| indicative | conditional | gardariáu | gardariás | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | garde | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | gardan |
| subjunctive | imperfect | gardèsse | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardessiam | gardessiatz | gardèsson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | garda | | gardem | gardatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |

## Old Galician-Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

### Verb

gardar
* Alternative form of guardar

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* Universo Cantigas - "guardar ~ gardar"

## Old Occitan
### Alternative forms

* guardar

### Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

### Verb

gardar
* to protect

#### Descendants

* Occitan: gardar

### References

* Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*wardôn”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 17: Germanismes: S–Z, page 514