# 眩

| 眩 | U+7729, &#30505; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7729 |
| ← 眨 [U+7728] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 眪 → [U+772A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

眩 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 月山卜女戈 (BUYVI), four-corner 6003$_2$, composition ⿰目玄)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 805, character 20
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23254
* Dae Jaweon: page 1221, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2482, character 3
* Unihan data for U+7729

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 弦 | *ɡeːn |
| 絃 | *ɡeːn, *qʰʷeːn |
| 舷 | *ɡeːn |
| 痃 | *ɡeːn |
| 胘 | *ɡeːn, *ɡʷeːn |
| 蚿 | *ɡeːn |
| 伭 | *ɡeːn |
| 婱 | *ɡeːn |
| 玄 | *ɡʷeːn |
| 眩 | *ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːn |
| 玹 | *ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːn |
| 玆 | *ɡʷeːn |
| 詃 | *kʷeːn |
| 泫 | *ɡʷeːn |
| 鉉 | *ɡʷeːn |
| 炫 | *ɡʷeːn |
| 袨 | *ɡʷeːn |
| 衒 | *ɡʷeːn |
| 惤 | *ɡʷreːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷeːn, *ɡʷeːn) : semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 玄 (OC *ɡʷeːn).

### Etymology

Related to 熒 (OC wêŋ). See there for more.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xuàn (xuan$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun$^6$ / jyun$^4$ / waan$^6$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hoeng$^5$ / hyeng$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hiân / hîn
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hiêng$^5$ / hiang$^5$ / hing$^5$ / hêng$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuàn
*** Wade–Giles: hsüan$^4$
*** Yale: sywàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuann
*** Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^6$ / jyun$^4$ / waan$^6$
*** Yale: yuhn / yùhn / waahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^6$ / jyn$^4$ / waan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^6$ / yun$^4$ / wan$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn²²/, /jyːn²¹/, /waːn²²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hoeng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /hœŋ²¹/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hyeng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /hyøŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiân
*** Tâi-lô: hiân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hieen
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛn²³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /hiɛn²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛn¹³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hîn
*** Tâi-lô: hîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiin
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen, Singapore): /hin²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hin¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung, Penang): /hin²³/
* hiân - literary;
* hîn - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: hwen, hwenH
Rime :
| Character | 眩 | 眩 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (86) | 先 (86) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | IV | IV |
| Fanqie | 胡涓切 | 黃練切 |
| Baxter | hwen | hwenH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦwen/ | /ɦwen$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷen/ | /ɦʷen$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɛn/ | /ɣuɛn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwɛn/ | /ɦwɛn$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuen/ | /ɣuen$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣiwen/ | /ɣiwen$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣiwen/ | /ɣiwen$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xuán | xuàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyun$^4$ | jyun$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷeːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 眩 | 眩 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 14030 | 14037 |
| Phonetic component | 玄 | 玄 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 玄 | 泫 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷeːn/ | /*ɡʷeːn/ |

### Definitions

眩
* dizzy; giddy; vertiginous
* (literary) puzzled; bewildered
* Alternative form of 炫 (xuàn, “to dazzle”)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 暈 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 暈 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 暈 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 暈 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 暈 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 眩 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 眩 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 眩 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 眩, 楞 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 眩 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 眩, 楞 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 眩 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 眩 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 眩, 愩 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 眩 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 眩 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 眩 |

### Compounds

* 昏眩 (hūnxuàn)
* 暈眩／晕眩 (yūnxuàn)
* 發眩／发眩
* 目眩 (mùxuàn)
* 目眩心花
* 目眩神搖／目眩神摇
* 目眩神迷
* 目眩神馳／目眩神驰
* 目眩魂搖／目眩魂摇
* 眩人 (xuànrén)
* 眩惑
* 眩暈／眩晕
* 眩曜
* 眩泯
* 眩湣
* 眩目 (xuànmù)
* 眩目震耳
* 眩眠
* 眩眩
* 眩耀 (xuànyào)
* 瞑眩
* 神搖目眩／神摇目眩
* 耳目昏眩
* 蝯眩
* 頭懸目眩／头悬目眩
* 頭昏目眩／头昏目眩
* 頭暈目眩／头晕目眩
* 頭眩／头眩
* 頭眩眼花／头眩眼花

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “眩”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 270.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: げん (gen)
* Kan-on: けん (ken)
* Kun: くらむ (kuramu, 眩む)、まどう (madou, 眩う)、くれる (kureru, 眩れる)、めまい (memai, 眩)、まぶしい (mabushii, 眩しい)

## Korean
### Hanja

眩 • (hyeon, hwan) (hangeul 현, 환, revised hyeon, hwan, McCune–Reischauer hyŏn, hwan, Yale hyen, hwan)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.