# 挾

| 挾 | U+633E, &#25406; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-633E |
| ← 挽 [U+633D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 挿 → [U+633F] |

## Translingual

| Japanese | 挟 |
| Simplified | 挟 |
| Traditional | 挾 |

### Han character

挾 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手大人人 (QKOO), four-corner 5403$_8$, composition ⿰扌夾)

#### Derived characters

* 𫫄

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 432, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12118
* Dae Jaweon: page 782, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1880, character 2
* Unihan data for U+633E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 瘞 | *qrebs |
| 瘱 | *qeːbs |
| 脥 | *kʰemʔ |
| 浹 | *skaːb, *skeːb |
| 挾 | *skaːb, *ɡeːb |
| 夾 | *kreːb |
| 郟 | *kreːb |
| 筴 | *sʰreːɡ, *kreːb, *keːb |
| 裌 | *kreːb |
| 鵊 | *kreːb |
| 狹 | *ɡreːb |
| 峽 | *ɡreːb |
| 硤 | *ɡreːb |
| 陜 | *ɡreːb |
| 陿 | *ɡreːb |
| 翜 | *sraːb, *srɯːb |
| 梜 | *kraːb, *keːb |
| 頰 | *keːb |
| 莢 | *keːb |
| 鋏 | *keːb |
| 蛺 | *keːb |
| 唊 | *keːb |
| 悏 | *kʰeːb |
| 匧 | *kʰeːb |
| 愜 | *kʰeːb |
| 篋 | *kʰeːb |
| 俠 | *ɡeːb |
| 綊 | *ɡeːb |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xié, xiá
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˊ, ㄒㄧㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hip$^6$ / hip$^3$ / haap$^6$ / gaap$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kia̍p
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hieh$^7$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hia̍p / gia̍p
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$yaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xié
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sié
*** Wade–Giles: hsieh$^2$
*** Yale: syé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
*** Palladius: се (se)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiá
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siá
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^2$
*** Yale: syá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
*** Palladius: ся (sja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hip$^6$ / hip$^3$ / haap$^6$ / gaap$^3$
*** Yale: hihp / hip / haahp / gaap
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hip$^9$ / hip$^8$ / haap$^9$ / gaap$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hib$^6$ / hib$^3$ / hab$^6$ / gab$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiːp̚²/, /hiːp̚³/, /haːp̚²/, /kaːp̚³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kia̍p
*** Hakka Romanization System: giab
*** Hagfa Pinyim: giab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯ap̚⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hieh$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiɛʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hieh$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiɛʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia̍p
*** Tâi-lô: hia̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiap
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiap̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiap̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hiap̚²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gia̍p
*** Tâi-lô: gia̍p
*** Phofsit Daibuun: giap
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡiap̚⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$yaq
*** MiniDict: yah$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$hhiaq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦiaʔ¹²/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit挾 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕia³⁵/ /ɕiɛ³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /ɕia²⁴/ /ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /ɕie⁴⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /ɕiə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ɕiə⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /ɕiɛ⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /ɕia²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /ɕie¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕia¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /ɕiɤ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕia²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /ɕia³¹/ /ɕie³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /ɕia²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕia̠³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ɕiɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiaʔ²/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦiaʔ¹/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦiəʔ³/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰiəʔ⁵/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /ji²¹³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ɕieʔ²¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /kɔ⁵/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /ɕia²⁴/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /kɒ²⁴/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kap̚¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kiɑp̚⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /hip̚³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kap̚³³/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /hip̚³/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kiap̚³²/ /kueʔ³²/ /gueʔ³²/ ～菜 |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kiɛʔ²³/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xiɛ⁴⁴/ /kiɛ⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /hiap̚⁵/ /koiʔ⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /hiap̚³/ |
* Middle Chinese: hep
Rime :
| Character | 挾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 怗 (158) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 胡頰切 |
| Baxter | hep |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦep̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦep̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɛp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦɛp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣep̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣiep̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣiep̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xié |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jip$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-kˤep/, /*S-kˤep/
    (Zhengzhang): /*skaːb/, /*ɡeːb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 挾 | 挾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xié | xié |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hep › | ‹ tsep › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-kˁep/ (?) | /*S-kˁep/ |
| English | grasp | grasp |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 挾 | 挾 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5890 | 5916 |
| Phonetic component | 夾 | 夾 |
| Rime group | 盍 | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | 協 |
| Old Chinese | /*skaːb/ | /*ɡeːb/ |
| Notes | 集韻誤列合韻又讀帖韻是 | |

#### Definitions

挾
* to clasp under the arm; to hold under the armpit
* to coerce; to force obedience
* to harbor (resentment, etc.)
* to carry

##### Compounds

* 倚勢挾權／倚势挟权
* 字挾風霜／字挟风霜
* 帶挾／带挟
* 張弓挾矢／张弓挟矢
* 打挾／打挟
* 拖男挾女／拖男挟女
* 拿粗挾細／拿粗挟细
* 挾主行令／挟主行令
* 挾人捉將／挟人捉将
* 挾冰求溫／挟冰求温
* 挾制／挟制 (xiézhì)
* 挾勢／挟势 (xiéshì)
* 挾勢弄權／挟势弄权
* 挾嫌／挟嫌 (xiéxián)
* 捉將挾人／捉将挟人
* 挾山超海／挟山超海
* 挾帶／挟带 (xiédài)
* 挾恨／挟恨 (xiéhèn)
* 挾持／挟持 (xiéchí)
* 挾擊／挟击
* 挾書律／挟书律
* 挾朋樹黨／挟朋树党
* 挾權倚勢／挟权倚势
* 挾生兒／挟生儿
* 挾細拿粗／挟细拿粗
* 挾纊／挟纩
* 挾義／挟义
* 挾貴／挟贵
* 挾貴倚勢／挟贵倚势
* 挾長／挟长
* 攜挾帶／携挟带
* 裹挾／裹挟 (guǒxié)
* 要挾／要挟 (yāoxié)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation 1

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): nge̍h / goe̍h / nge̍eh / ngeeh
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nge̍h
*** Tâi-lô: nge̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ngeh
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ŋẽʔ⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goe̍h
*** Tâi-lô: gue̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: goeh
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡueʔ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nge̍eh
*** Tâi-lô: nge̍eh
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋɛ̃ʔ¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngeeh
*** Tâi-lô: ngeeh
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋɛ̃ʔ³²/

##### Definitions

挾
* (Hokkien) to have something caught between two things; to sandwich something between two things
       Chhiú hō͘ mn̂g nge̍h tio̍h. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       My hand got caught in the door.
       Góa khit hō͘ tiān-thui mn̂g nge̍h tī tèng-ng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       I was caught in the middle of the elevator doors.
       Koh-ē-khang nge̍h chi̍t pún chheh. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
       armpit sandwiching a book

###### Synonyms

* 夾／夹 (jiā)
* (Hokkien) 𤲍

##### Compounds

* 挾仔／挟仔

#### Pronunciation 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 挾 – see 夾 (“to squeeze between; to pinch; to clamp; to hold between; to carry under one's arm; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 夾).

### References

* “挾”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Query for 挾”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “挟”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 261.

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 挟 |
| Kyūjitai | 挾 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 挟)
* put between
* insert
* jam
* get caught
* sandwich

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
* Kan-on: きょう (kyō)
* On: しょう (shō)
* Kun: はさむ (hasamu, 挾む)、はさまる (hasamaru, 挾まる)、わきばさむ (wakibasamu, 挾む)、さしはさむ (sashihasamu, 挾む)、はざ (haza)

## Korean
### Hanja

挾 • (hyeop) (hangeul 협, revised hyeop, McCune–Reischauer hyŏp, Yale hyep)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

挾: Hán Nôm readings: xáp, hiệp, giáp, rơi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.