# 衛

| 衛 | U+885B, &#34907; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-885B |
| ← 衚 [U+885A] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 衜 → [U+885C] |

## Translingual
### Han character

衛 (Kangxi radical 144, 行+9 in Chinese, 行+10 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese, 16 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 竹人木手弓 (HODQN), four-corner 2122$_1$ or 2150$_6$, composition ⿴行韋 or ⿲彳韋亍)

#### Derived characters

* 𡓎, 𭺎, 𬣔, 𧾦, 𧁮, 㦣, 𱥊, 讆, 躗, 𢖨, 𢆈, 䘙

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1109, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34073
* Dae Jaweon: page 1574, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 845, character 4
* Unihan data for U+885B

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 衛 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷads) : semantic 行 + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wèi (wei$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): wai$^6$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): vi$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ui$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): vi
    (Meixian, Guangdong): vi$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̄
* Eastern Min (BUC): uôi
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): e$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ōe / ūi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): uê$^6$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$we
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wèi
*** Wade–Giles: wei$^4$
*** Yale: wèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wey
*** Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /weɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wai$^6$
*** Yale: waih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wai$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wei$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐi̯²²/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: vi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /vi³²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ui$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /ui¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vi
*** Hakka Romanization System: vi
*** Hagfa Pinyim: vi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /vi⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: vi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ʋi⁵³/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̄
*** Sinological IPA : /y⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: uôi
*** Sinological IPA : /ui²⁴²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: e$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /e²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ōe
*** Tâi-lô: uē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oe
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ue⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ue²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ue³³/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ūi
*** Tâi-lô: uī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ui
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ui³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: uê$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uĕ
*** Sinological IPA : /ue³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$we
*** MiniDict: we$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhue
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦue²³/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit衛 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /uei⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /uei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /vei⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /vei²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /ve⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /uei³¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /uei⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /uɨ²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /vei⁵³/ 保～ /vei¹³/ ～生 |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /vei³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /vei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /uei³⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /uei¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /uei²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /uei²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /uəi⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /ue⁵³/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /vei⁴⁵/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /uei³⁵/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /vei⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /ɦue²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /ɦue̞³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /ɦui¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /vu²²/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /ue²²/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ue¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /uei⁵⁵/ /uei¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /uəi⁵⁵/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /ui²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /vi⁵³/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /vui⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wɐi²²/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /wɐi²²/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /wɐi²²/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ue²²/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /uɔi²⁴²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /y⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /ue³⁵/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /hui³⁵/ |
* Middle Chinese: hjwejH
Rime :
| Character | 衛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (38) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 于歲切 |
| Baxter | hjwejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠiuᴇi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷᵚiei$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣiuæi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦjwiaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣjuɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣĭwɛi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /i̯wɛi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wèi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷ(r)a[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷads/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 衛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wèi |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hjwej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɢ]ʷ(r)a[t]-s/ |
| English | to guard |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 衛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12964 |
| Phonetic component | 衛 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 衞 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷads/ |
| Notes | 金文象四圍巡衛， 與韋有異 |

### Definitions

衛
* to guard; to protect; to defend
* security guard
* (～國) the State of Wey during the Zhou dynasty, located in modern-day northeastern Henan province
* Short for 衛生／卫生 (wèishēng, “hygiene; health”).
* Short for 衛生間／卫生间 (wèishēngjiān, “toilet; bathroom”).
* (astronomy) satellite (in satellite names)
    土衛六／土卫六 ― Tǔwèiliù ― Titan
* a surname
    衛立煌／卫立煌 ― Wèi Lìhuáng ― Wei Lihuang (Chinese general who served the Nationalist government)

#### Compounds

* 中衛／中卫 (zhōngwèi)
* 亞衛一號／亚卫一号
* 人造衛星／人造卫星 (rénzào wèixīng, “man-made satellite”)
* 仗衛／仗卫
* 侍衛／侍卫 (shìwèi)
* 保家衛國／保家卫国 (bǎojiāwèiguó)
* 保衛／保卫 (bǎowèi, “to defend”) ( to safeguard)
* 保衛細胞／保卫细胞
* 個人衛生／个人卫生 (gèrén wèishēng, “personal hygiene”)
* 偵察衛星／侦察卫星
* 傳播衛星／传播卫星
* 公共衛生／公共卫生 (gōnggòng wèishēng)
* 公眾衛生／公众卫生
* 冥衛一／冥卫一 (Míngwèi yī)
* 前衛／前卫 (qiánwèi)
* 前進防衛／前进防卫
* 口腔衛生／口腔卫生 (kǒuqiāng wèishēng, “oral hygiene”)
* 同步衛星／同步卫星 (tóngbù wèixīng)
* 呵衛／呵卫
* 周衛／周卫
* 四分衛／四分卫 (sìfēnwèi)
* 土衛一／土卫一 (Tǔwèi yī)
* 土衛七／土卫七 (Tǔwèiqī)
* 土衛三／土卫三 (Tǔwèisān)
* 土衛二／土卫二 (Tǔwèi'èr)
* 土衛五／土卫五 (Tǔwèiwǔ)
* 土衛八／土卫八 (Tǔwèibā)
* 土衛六／土卫六 (Tǔwèiliù)
* 土衛四／土卫四 (Tǔwèisì)
* 大衛／大卫 (Dàwèi, “David”)
* 大衛王／大卫王
* 威海衛／威海卫 (Wēihǎiwèi)
* 守衛／守卫 (shǒuwèi, “a guard”) ( to guard)
* 官官相衛／官官相卫 (guānguānxiāngwèi)
* 宿衛／宿卫
* 富比陶衛／富比陶卫
* 導航衛星／导航卫星
* 工廠衛生／工厂卫生
* 廠衛／厂卫 (chǎngwèi)
* 引虎自衛／引虎自卫
* 後衛／后卫 (hòuwèi)
* 心理衛生／心理卫生 (xīnlǐ wèishēng)
* 戍衛／戍卫 (shùwèi)
* 扞衛／扞卫
* 拱衛／拱卫 (gǒngwèi)
* 捍衛／捍卫 (hànwèi, “to defend”)
* 攝衛／摄卫 (shèwèi)
* 放虎自衛／放虎自卫
* 木衛一／木卫一 (Mùwèiyī)
* 木衛三／木卫三 (Mùwèisān)
* 木衛二／木卫二 (Mùwèi'èr)
* 木衛四／木卫四 (Mùwèisì)
* 武衛／武卫
* 氣象衛星／气象卫星 (qìxiàng wèixīng, “weather satellite”)
* 海事衛星／海事卫星
* 海衛一／海卫一 (Hǎiwèiyī)
* 測量衛星／测量卫星
* 火衛一／火卫一 (Huǒwèiyī)
* 火衛二／火卫二 (Huǒwèi'èr)
* 營衛／营卫
* 環境衛生／环境卫生
* 環衛／环卫 (huánwèi)
* 直播衛星／直播卫星
* 知覺防衛／知觉防卫
* 禁衛／禁卫
* 禁衛軍／禁卫军
* 站衛兵／站卫兵
* 精衛／精卫 (jīngwèi)
* 精衛填海／精卫填海 (jīngwèitiánhǎi)
* 紅衛／红卫 (Hóngwèi)
* 紅衛兵／红卫兵 (hóngwèibīng)
* 綦衛／綦卫
* 翊衛／翊卫
* 自我防衛機制／自我防卫机制 (zìwǒ fángwèi jīzhì)
* 自衛／自卫 (zìwèi, “self-defence”) ( to defend oneself)
* 自衛隊／自卫队 (zìwèiduì, “self-defence forces”)
* 衛仗／卫仗
* 衛兵／卫兵 (wèibīng, “guard, watcher”)
* 衛冕／卫冕 (wèimiǎn)
* 衛協／卫协 (wèixié)
* 衛國／卫国 (wèiguó)
* 衛報／卫报
* 衛士／卫士 (wèishì)
* 衛尉／卫尉
* 衛店／卫店 (Wèidiàn)
* 衛從／卫从
* 衛戍／卫戍 (wèishù)
* 衛所／卫所
* 衛斯理宗／卫斯理宗 (Wèisīlǐ Zōng)
* 衛星／卫星 (wèixīng)
* 衛星國家／卫星国家 (wèixīng guójiā)
* 衛星導航／卫星导航
* 衛星日蝕／卫星日蚀
* 衛星轉播／卫星转播
* 衛星通信／卫星通信 (wèixīng tōngxìn)
* 衛星都市／卫星都市 (wèixīng dūshì)
* 衛星門診／卫星门诊
* 衛星雲圖／卫星云图
* 衛星電視／卫星电视 (wèixīng diànshì)
* 衛星食／卫星食
* 衛河／卫河
* 衛浴設備／卫浴设备
* 衛理宗／卫理宗 (wèilǐzōng)
* 衛生／卫生 (wèishēng, “hygiene”) ( hygienic)
* 衛生丸／卫生丸 (wèishēngwán)
* 衛生套／卫生套 (wèishēngtào)
* 衛生局／卫生局
* 衛生工程／卫生工程
* 衛生巾／卫生巾 (wèishēngjīn, “sanitary napkin”)
* 衛生所／卫生所
* 衛生掩埋／卫生掩埋
* 衛生棉條／卫生棉条 (wèishēng miántiáo)
* 衛生球／卫生球 (wèishēngqiú)
* 衛生紙／卫生纸 (wèishēngzhǐ)
* 衛生衣／卫生衣 (wèishēngyī)
* 衛生設備／卫生设备 (wèishēng shèbèi)
* 衛生間／卫生间 (wèishēngjiān)
* 衛矛／卫矛
* 衛視／卫视 (wèishì)
* 衛護／卫护 (wèihù)
* 衛道／卫道 (wèidào)
* 衛道之士／卫道之士 (wèidàozhīshì)
* 衛隊／卫队 (wèiduì)
* 衛靈公／卫灵公
* 警衛／警卫 (jǐngwèi)
* 護衛／护卫 (hùwèi)
* 護衛艦／护卫舰 (hùwèijiàn)
* 赤衛軍／赤卫军
* 迦毗羅衛／迦毗罗卫 (Jiāpíluówèi)
* 通信衛星／通信卫星
* 通訊衛星／通讯卫星 (tōngxùn wèixīng)
* 過當防衛／过当防卫
* 鄭衛之女／郑卫之女
* 鄭衛之曲／郑卫之曲
* 鄭衛之聲／郑卫之声
* 鄭衛之音／郑卫之音 (zhèngwèizhīyīn)
* 鄭衛桑間／郑卫桑间
* 錦衣衛／锦衣卫 (Jǐnyīwèi)
* 門衛／门卫 (ménwèi)
* 防衛／防卫 (fángwèi)
* 防衛作用／防卫作用
* 防衛方式／防卫方式
* 防衛權／防卫权
* 防衛過當／防卫过当
* 陛衛／陛卫
* 飛衛／飞卫
* 食品衛生／食品卫生
* 餐衛／餐卫
* 首尾相衛／首尾相卫
* 駐衛警察／驻卫警察
* 驍衛／骁卫
* 魯衛之政／鲁卫之政

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03704

## Japanese

| Shinjitai | 衛 |
| Kyūjitai | 衞 |

### Kanji

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 衞)
* defense
* protection

#### Readings

* Go-on: え (e)
* Kan-on: えい (ei, Jōyō)
* Kun: まもる (mamoru, 衛る)
* Nanori: まもる (mamoru)

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 衛
* えい Grade: 5
* kan'on
* Alternative spelling
* 衞 (kyūjitai)
From Middle Chinese 衛 (MC hjwejH).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [e̞ː]

#### Affix

衛(えい) • (ei)
* defend; protect; guard

#### Proper noun

衛(えい) • (Ei)
* (historical) Wey (state)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 衛
* え Grade: 5
* goon
* Alternative spelling
* 衞 (kyūjitai)
From Middle Chinese 衛 (MC hjwejH).
The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [e̞]

#### Affix

衛(え) • (e)
* (rare) defend; protect; guard

### Etymology 3

* Kanji in this term
* 衛
* まもる Grade: 5
* nanori
* Alternative spelling
* 衞 (kyūjitai)

#### Proper noun

衛(まもる) • (Mamoru)
* a male given name

## Korean
### Hanja

衛 (eumhun 지킬 위 (jikil wi))
* hanja form of 위 (“protection”)

#### Compounds

* 호위 (護衛, howi, “defender; guardian; guard; escort”)
* 위생 (衛生, wisaeng, “hygiene, sanitary, health”)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

衛: Hán Nôm readings: vệ, về
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.