# قرض
## Arabic

* Root
* ق ر ض (q r ḍ)
* 11 terms

### Verb

قَرَضَ • (qaraḍa) I (non-past يَقْرِضُ (yaqriḍu), verbal noun قَرْض (qarḍ))
* to gnaw, nibble, to cut a bit from the outer
* to impart, reward
* to lend money
* to recite
* to swerve to the right and left in walking
* (transitive) to depart from
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 18:17:وَإِذَا غَرَبَت تَّقْرِضُهُمْ ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِwaʔiḏā ḡarabat ttaqriḍuhum ḏāta š-šimālias it set, declining away from them to the left.
* to die, be on the point of death

#### Conjugation
### Verb

قَرِضَ • (qariḍa) I (non-past يَقْرَضُ (yaqraḍu), verbal noun قَرَض (qaraḍ)) قَرُضَ • (qaruḍa) I (non-past يَقْرُضُ (yaqruḍu), verbal noun قَرَض:ap:)
* to die
* to pass from one thing to another

#### Conjugation
### Verb

قَرَّضَ • (qarraḍa) II (non-past يُقَرِّضُ (yuqarriḍu), verbal noun تَقْرِيض (taqrīḍ))
* to gnaw, to cut in the exterior
* to exalt with praise
* to blame

#### Conjugation
### Noun

قَرْض • (qarḍ) m
* verbal noun of قَرَضَ (qaraḍa, “to cut”) (form I)
* cutting
* gnawing, nibbling

#### Declension
### Noun

قَرْض or قِرْض • (qarḍ or qirḍ) m (plural قُرُوض (qurūḍ))
* loan, debt

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: qərz
* → Persian: قرض
* → Northern Luri: قٱرڌ (qarđ)
* → Kazakh: қарыз (qaryz)
* → Central Kurdish: قەرز (qerz)
* → Kyrgyz: карыз (karız)
* → Tajik: қарз (qarz)
* → Uyghur: قەرز (qerz)
* → Uzbek: qarz

### Noun

قَرَض • (qaraḍ) m
* verbal noun of قَرِضَ (qariḍa) (form I)
* verbal noun of قَرُضَ (qaruḍa) (form I)

#### Declension
## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* ق ر ض
* 2 terms

### Etymology 1

From Arabic قَرَضْ (qaraḍ).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡa.radˤ/

#### Verb

قَرَض • (garaḍ) I (non-past يِقْرُض (yigruḍ))
* to lend money
* to gnaw, nibble, to cut a bit from the outer

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of قرض (garaḍ) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | قرضت (garaḍt) | قرضت (garaḍt) | قرض (garaḍ) | قرضنا (garaḍna) | قرضتوا (garaḍtu) | قرضوا (garaḍu) |
| past | f | قرضت (garaḍt) | قرضتي (garaḍti) | قرضت (garaḍat) | قرضنا (garaḍna) | قرضتوا (garaḍtu) | قرضوا (garaḍu) |
| non-past | m | أقرض (ʔagruḍ) | تقرض (tigruḍ) | يقرض (yigruḍ) | نقرض (nigruḍ) | تقرضوا (tigruḍu) | يقرضوا (yigruḍu) |
| non-past | f | أقرض (ʔagruḍ) | تقرضي (tigruḍi) | تقرض (tigruḍ) | نقرض (nigruḍ) | تقرضوا (tigruḍu) | يقرضوا (yigruḍu) |
| imperative | m | | اقرض (agruḍ) | | | اقرضوا (agruḍu) | |
| imperative | f | | اقرضي (agruḍi) | | | اقرضوا (agruḍu) | |

### Etymology 2

From Arabic قَرْضْ (qarḍ).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡardˤ/

#### Noun

قَرْضْ • (garḍ) m (plural قُرُوض (gurūḍ))
* (finance) loan, debt
* gnawing, nibbling

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قَرْض (qarḍ).

### Noun

قرض • (qarz)
* loan
* debt

#### Descendants

* Assamese: কৰজ (koroz), কৰ্জ্জা (korzza), কৰ্জা (korza)
* Baluchi: قرض
* Bengali: কর্জ (korjo)
* Gujarati: કરજ (karaj)
* Hindi: क़र्ज़ (qarz)
* Konkani: कर्ज (karja)
* Odia: କରଜ (karaja)
* Marathi: कर्ज (karja)
* Punjabi: ਕਰਜ਼ (karaz)
* Pashto: قرض
* Sindhi: قَرْضُ

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ق ر ض
* 1 term

### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic قَرَضَ (qaraḍa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qa.radˤ/, [ˈqɑ.rˤɑdˤ]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Verb

قرض • (ʔaraḍ) I (present بقرض (biʔriḍ))
* to lend

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of قرض (ʔaraḍ) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | قرضت (ʔaraḍt) | قرضت (ʔaraḍt) | قرض (ʔaraḍ) | قرضنا (ʔaraḍna) | قرضتو (ʔaraḍtu) | قرضو (ʔaraḍu) |
| past | f | قرضت (ʔaraḍt) | قرضتي (ʔaraḍti) | قرضت (ʔarḍat) | قرضنا (ʔaraḍna) | قرضتو (ʔaraḍtu) | قرضو (ʔaraḍu) |
| present | m | بقرض (baʔriḍ) | بتقرض (btiʔriḍ) | بقرض (biʔriḍ) | منقرض (mniʔriḍ) | بتقرضو (btiʔriḍu) | بقرضو (biʔriḍu) |
| present | f | بقرض (baʔriḍ) | بتقرضي (btiʔriḍi) | بتقرض (btiʔriḍ) | منقرض (mniʔriḍ) | بتقرضو (btiʔriḍu) | بقرضو (biʔriḍu) |
| subjunctive | m | أقرض (ʔaʔriḍ) | تقرض (tiʔriḍ) | يقرض (yiʔriḍ) | نقرض (niʔriḍ) | تقرضو (tiʔriḍu) | يقرضو (yiʔriḍu) |
| subjunctive | f | أقرض (ʔaʔriḍ) | تقرضي (tiʔriḍi) | تقرض (tiʔriḍ) | نقرض (niʔriḍ) | تقرضو (tiʔriḍu) | يقرضو (yiʔriḍu) |
| imperative | m | | اقرض (iʔriḍ) | | | اقرضو (iʔriḍu) | |
| imperative | f | | اقرضي (iʔriḍi) | | | اقرضو (iʔriḍu) | |

## Sudanese Arabic

* Root
* ق ر ض
* 1 term

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɡaradˤ/

### Adjective

قرض • (garaḍ)
* ugly, horrible

### Further reading

* “قرض” in The Living Arabic Project.

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian قرض (qarz), from Arabic قَرْض (qarḍ).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /qəɾz/
* Rhymes: -əɾz

### Noun

قَرْض • (qarz) m (Hindi spelling क़र्ज़)
* debt; loan; credit
    Antonym: نَقَد (naqad)
* (figuratively) revenge, vengeance

#### Declension

Declension of قرض :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | قَرْض (qarz) | قَرْض (qarz) |
| oblique | قَرْض (qarz) | قَرْضوں (qarzō̃) |
| vocative | قَرْض (qarz) | قَرْضو (qarzō) |

#### Related terms

* قَرْضَہ (qarza)

### Further reading

* “قرض”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “قرض”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “قرض”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.