# 柙

| 柙 | U+67D9, &#26585; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67D9 |
| ← 柘 [U+67D8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 柚 → [U+67DA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

柙 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木田中 (DWL), four-corner 4695$_0$, composition ⿰木甲)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 519, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14628
* Dae Jaweon: page 907, character 11
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1182, character 3
* Unihan data for U+67D9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 笚 | *ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb |
| 閘 | *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb |
| 鉀 | *klaːb, *kraːb |
| 甲 | *kraːb |
| 胛 | *kraːb |
| 岬 | *kraːb |
| 押 | *kraːb, *qraːb |
| 玾 | *kraːb |
| 呷 | *qʰraːb |
| 匣 | *ɡraːb |
| 狎 | *ɡraːb |
| 柙 | *ɡraːb |
| 翈 | *ɡraːb |
| 炠 | *ɡraːb |
| 鴨 | *qraːb |
| 庘 | *qraːb |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiá (xia$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haap$^6$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hah$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiá
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siá
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^2$
*** Yale: syá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
*** Palladius: ся (sja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haap$^6$
*** Yale: haahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /haːp̚²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hah$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /haʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hah$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /haʔ²⁴/
* Middle Chinese: haep
Rime :
| Character | 柙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 狎 (150) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 胡甲切 |
| Baxter | haep |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠap̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦᵚap̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣap̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦaɨp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣap̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣap̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣap̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiá |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | haap$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤr[a]p/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡraːb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 柙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiá |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hæp › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁr[a]p/ |
| English | cage; box |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 柙 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5940 |
| Phonetic component | 甲 |
| Rime group | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 狎 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡraːb/ |

#### Definitions

柙
* cage
* pen for wild animals
* Same as 匣 (xiá).
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Jīng Kē fèng Fán Wūjī tóu hán, ér Qín Wǔyáng fèng dìtú xiá, yǐcì jìn. [Pinyin (Taiwanese Mandarin)]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Compounds

* 柙虎樊熊
* 虎兕出柙

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kah
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah
*** Tâi-lô: kah
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kaq
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kaʔ³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kaʔ⁵/

#### Definitions

柙
* (Quanzhou, Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien) frame placed around the edge of an object to hold it up, mostly made of bamboo or rattan
* (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) handle of a bamboo basket, barrel, etc., made by bending bamboo

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “柙”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 254.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* cage
* pen for wild animals

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): こう (kō)、ごう (gō)、おう (ō)、よう (yō)
* Kun: おり (ori)

## Korean
### Hanja

柙 (eum 합 (hap))
* wooden cage

## Vietnamese
### Han character

柙: Hán Nôm readings: háp, hiệp
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation