# bacach
## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish baccach (“lame; lame person”). By surface analysis, bac (“hindrance”) +‎ -ach.

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /bˠəˈkɑx/
* (Connacht) IPA: /ˈbˠakəx/, (Cois Fharraige) [ˈbˠaːkəx]
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈbˠaka(x)/

### Adjective

bacach (genitive singular masculine bacaigh, genitive singular feminine bacaí, plural bacacha, comparative bacaí)
* lame
* halting
    Béarla bacach ― broken English
    Laidin bhacach ― dog Latin

#### Declension

$^1$ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. $^2$ When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

#### Derived terms

* bacachán m (“lame person or animal”)

### Noun

bacach m (genitive singular bacaigh, nominative plural bacaigh)
* lame person
* beggar
    Synonym: sirtheoir
    Ná bac le mac an bhacaigh is ní bhacfaidh mac an bhacaigh leat. (tongue-twister)Don’t bother the beggar’s son and the beggar’s son won’t bother you.

#### Declension

bare forms
case
singular
plural
nominative
bacach
bacaigh
vocative
a bhacaigh
a bhacacha
genitive
bacaigh
bacach
dative
bacach
bacaigh
forms with the definite article
case
singular
plural
nominative
an bacach
na bacaigh
genitive
an bhacaigh
na mbacach
dative
leis an mbacach don bhacach
leis na bacaigh :

#### Derived terms

* bacachas m (“(act of) begging, sponging”)

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “baccach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 36, page 20
* ↑ Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968) The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, section 131, page 31
* ↑ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1977) Gaeilge Chois Fhairrge: An Deilbhíocht (in Irish), 2nd edition, Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], page 302
* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 369, page 125

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “bacach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “bacach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “bacach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish baccach (“lame; lame person”). By surface analysis, bac (“hindrance”) +‎ -ach.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈpaxkəx/

### Adjective

bacach (genitive singular masculine bacaich, comparative bacaiche)
* crippled, lame, limping
* rugged

#### Declension

Comparative/superlative: bacaiche

### Noun

bacach m (genitive singular bacaich, plural bacaich)
* a crippled person

### Mutation

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic. All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “baccach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Edward Dwelly (1911) “bacach”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN