OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# यमराज
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit यमराज (yamarāja).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /jəm.ɾɑːd͡ʒ/, [jɐ̃m.ɾäːd͡ʒ]

### Proper noun

यमराज • (yamrāj) m
* (Hinduism, Buddhism) lord Yama, god of the underworld
    Synonym: यम (yam)

#### Declension
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* যমৰাজ (Assamese script)
* ᬬᬫᬭᬵᬚ (Balinese script)
* যমরাজ (Bengali script)
* 𑰧𑰦𑰨𑰯𑰕 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀬𑀫𑀭𑀸𑀚 (Brahmi script)
* ယမရာဇ (Burmese script)
* યમરાજ (Gujarati script)
* ਯਮਰਾਜ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌯𑌮𑌰𑌾𑌜 (Grantha script)
* ꦪꦩꦫꦴꦗ (Javanese script)
* 𑂨𑂧𑂩𑂰𑂔 (Kaithi script)
* ಯಮರಾಜ (Kannada script)
* យមរាជ (Khmer script)
* ຍມຣາຊ (Lao script)
* യമരാജ (Malayalam script)
* ᠶᠠᠮᠠᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡯᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘧𑘦𑘨𑘰𑘕 (Modi script)
* ᠶ᠋ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᢗᠽᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧇𑧆𑧈𑧑𑦵 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐫𑐩𑐬𑐵𑐖 (Newa script)
* ଯମରାଜ (Odia script)
* ꢫꢪꢬꢵꢙ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆪𑆩𑆫𑆳𑆘 (Sharada script)
* 𑖧𑖦𑖨𑖯𑖕 (Siddham script)
* යමරාජ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩻𑩴𑩼𑩛𑩣 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚣𑚢𑚤𑚭𑚑 (Takri script)
* யமராஜ (Tamil script)
* యమరాజ (Telugu script)
* ยมราช (Thai script)
* ཡ་མ་རཱ་ཛ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒨𑒧𑒩𑒰𑒖 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨪𑨢𑨫𑨊𑨥 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Compound of यम (yamá, “Yama”, proper noun) +‎ राज (rā́ja, “king”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /jɐ.mɐ.ɾɑ́ː.d͡ʑɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /jɐ.mɐˈɾɑː.d͡ʑɐ/

### Proper noun

यमराज • (yamarā́ja) stem, m
* Yama, the god of death, afterlife and justice, the twin brother of Yamuna and believed to have been the first mortal to die

#### Descendants

* → Hindi: यमराज (yamrāj)
* Kumaoni: ज्यूरा (jyūrā)
* Marathi: जवरा (javrā)
* Sinhalese: යමරද (yamarada)
* → Kamkata-viri: [script needed] (Imro)
* → Waigali: Yamrai
* → Ashkun: Imra
* → Prasuni: Yumr'a
# underemphasize
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ emphasize.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

underemphasize (third-person singular simple present underemphasizes, present participle underemphasizing, simple past and past participle underemphasized)
* (transitive) To place insufficient emphasis on.

#### Related terms

* underemphasis
# 鹿島
## Chinese

* 鹿島

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Lùdǎo
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨˋ ㄉㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): luk$^6$ dou$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Lùdǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨˋ ㄉㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Lùdǎo
*** Wade–Giles: Lu$^4$-tao$^3$
*** Yale: Lù-dǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Luhdao
*** Palladius: Лудао (Ludao)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: luk$^6$ dou$^2$
*** Yale: luhk dóu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: luk$^9$ dou$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lug$^6$ dou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /lʊk̚² tou̯³⁵/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$綠島／绿岛 鹿島／鹿岛 鹿嶋

### Proper noun

鹿島
* (～市) Kashima (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)

### See also

* 鹿嶋 (Lùdǎo)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 鹿 | 島 |
| か Grade: 4 | しま Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi ||

### Proper noun

鹿(か)島(しま) • (Kashima)
* Kashima (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)
* a surname
# vystřízlivět
## Czech
### Etymology

From vy- +‎ střízlivět.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈvɪstr̝̊iːzlɪvjɛt]

### Verb

vystřízlivět pf
* to sober up, to sober
    Trvalo hodiny, než vystřízlivěl. ― It took him hours to sober up.

#### Conjugation

| Infinitive | vystřízlivět, vystřízlivěti | Active adjective | vystřízlivěvší |
| Verbal noun | vystřízlivění | Passive adjective | vystřízlivěný |
| Present forms | indicative | indicative | imperative | imperative |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| 1st person | vystřízlivím | vystřízlivíme | — | vystřízlivějme |
| 2nd person | vystřízlivíš | vystřízlivíte | vystřízlivěj | vystřízlivějte |
| 3rd person | vystřízliví | vystřízlivějí, vystřízliví | — | — |
* The verb vystřízlivět does not have present tense and the present forms are used to express future only.
| Participles | Past participles | Past participles | Passive participles | Passive participles |
| | singular | plural | singular | plural |
| masculine animate | vystřízlivěl | vystřízlivěli | vystřízlivěn | vystřízlivěni |
| masculine inanimate | vystřízlivěl | vystřízlivěly | vystřízlivěn | vystřízlivěny |
| feminine | vystřízlivěla | vystřízlivěly | vystřízlivěna | vystřízlivěny |
| neuter | vystřízlivělo | vystřízlivěla | vystřízlivěno | vystřízlivěna |
| Transgressives | present | past |
| masculine singular | — | vystřízlivěv |
| feminine + neuter singular | — | vystřízlivěvši |
| plural | — | vystřízlivěvše |

### Further reading

* “vystřízlivěti”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “vystřízlivěti”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “vystřízlivět”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# Budislava
## Old Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (13th CE) /ˈbuɟisɫaʋa/
* IPA: (15th CE) /ˈbuɟislava/

### Proper noun

Budislava f
* a female given name

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “Budislava”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
# भेड्र
## Sanskrit
### Alternative forms

* भेड (bheḍa), भेण्ड (bheṇḍa)

### Alternative scripts

* ভেড্ৰ (Assamese script)
* ᬪᬾᬟ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
* ভেড্র (Bengali script)
* 𑰥𑰸𑰚𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀪𑁂𑀟𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* ဘေဍြ (Burmese script)
* ભેડ્ર (Gujarati script)
* ਭੇਡ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌭𑍇𑌡𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
* ꦨꦺꦝꦿ (Javanese script)
* 𑂦𑂵𑂙𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
* ಭೇಡ್ರ (Kannada script)
* ភេឌ្រ (Khmer script)
* ເຠຑ຺ຣ (Lao script)
* ഭേഡ്ര (Malayalam script)
* ᢨᡝᡷᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘥𑘹𑘚𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
* ᠪᠾᠧᢎᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧅𑧚𑦺𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐨𑐾𑐜𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
* ଭେଡ୍ର (Odia script)
* ꢩꢾꢞ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆨𑆼𑆝𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
* 𑖥𑖸𑖚𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
* භෙඩ්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩳𑩔𑩨 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚡𑚲𑚖𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
* பே⁴ட்³ர (Tamil script)
* భేడ్ర (Telugu script)
* เภฑฺร (Thai script)
* བྷེ་ཌྲ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒦𑒹𑒛𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨡𑨄𑨖𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Related to मेण्ढ (meṇḍha, “ram”) and मेण्ढ्र (meṇḍhra, “ram; penis”); all of substrate, possibly Munda, origin.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /bʱɐjɖ.ɾɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈbʱeːɖ.ɾɐ/

### Noun

भेड्र • (bheḍra) stem, m
* sheep, ram

#### Related terms

* भेडी (bheḍī, “ewe”)
* मेण्ढ (meṇḍha), मेण्ड (meṇḍa), मिण्ढ (miṇḍha), मेठ (meṭha), मेण्ढ्र (meṇḍhra), मेढ्र (meḍhra), मीढ (mīḍha)

#### Descendants

* Central Indo-Aryan:
** Hindustani:
*** Hindi: भेड़ (bheṛ), भेड़ी (bheṛī), भेड़ा (bheṛā), भेड़िया (bheṛiyā)
*** Urdu: بھیڑ (bheṛ), بھیڑی (bheṛī), بھیڑا (bheṛā), بھیڑیا (bheṛiyā)
* Eastern Indo-Aryan:
** Bengali–Assamese:
*** Bengali: ভেড়া (bheṛa)
*** Assamese: ভেড়া (bhera)
** Odia: ଭେଡ଼ (bheṛa), ଭେଡ଼ା (bheṛā), ଭେଡ଼ି (bheṛi)
* Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
** Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਭੇਡ (bheḍ)
    Shahmukhi script: بھیڈ (bheḍ)
** Saraiki: بھیݙ (bheḏ)

##### Borrowed terms

* →? Malay: biri-biri (see there for further descendants)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “भेड्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0766, column 1.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 373
# ium
## Translingual
### Symbol

ium
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Iu Mien.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Iu Mien terms
# lvl.
## English
### Noun

lvl. (plural lvl.s)
* Alternative spelling of LVL
# persetujuan bangunan gedung
## Indonesian
### Etymology

persetujuan (“approval, permission”) +‎ bangunan (“building”) +‎ gedung (“building”).

### Phrase

persetujuan bangunan gedung
* (construction, law) planning permission.

#### Alternative forms

* PBG

#### Synonyms

* izin mendirikan bangunan (until 2021)
# underthing
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ thing.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

underthing (plural underthings)
* (chiefly in the plural) An undergarment.
** 1928, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter XII, in Lady Chatterley’s Lover, [Germany?]: Privately printed, →OCLC:'Have you left your underthings off?' he asked her. 'Yes!' 'Ay, well, then I'll take my things off too.'
** 1979, Lewis Yablonsky, The extra-sex factor: why over half of America's married men play around, page 64:My wife would never dare to buy an underthing that was anything but white or black. She thought you had to be a hooker to wear colors.

### Anagrams

* thundering
# 鸣鸟
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鸣鸟 – see 鳴鳥 (“songbird”). (This term is the simplified form of 鳴鳥).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# Dibák
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdibaːk]

### Proper noun

Dibák m pers (female equivalent Dibáková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Dibák”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# विस्तार
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit विस्तार (vistāra)

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʋɪs.t̪ɑːɾ/, [ʋɪs.t̪äːɾ]

### Noun

विस्तार • (vistār) m
* extent
    संक्षिप्त नाम, विस्तार और प्रारंभsaṅkṣipt nām, vistār aur prārambhShort title, extent and commencement
* expansion, enlargement
* elaboration, specification
* area, expanse
# 幼蟲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yòuchóng
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˋ ㄔㄨㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jau$^3$ cung$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yòuchóng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˋ ㄔㄨㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yòuchóng
*** Wade–Giles: yu$^4$-chʻung$^2$
*** Yale: yòu-chúng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yowchorng
*** Palladius: ючун (jučun)
*** Sinological IPA : /joʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jau$^3$ cung$^4$
*** Yale: yau chùhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jau$^3$ tsung$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yeo$^3$ cung$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐu̯³³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹/

### Noun

幼蟲
* larva

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 幼 | 蟲 |
| よう Grade: 6 | ちゅう Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 幼蟲 – see the following entry. :
| 【幼虫ようちゅう】 | [noun] (entomology) larva [noun] (entomology) nymph (young worms or young insects in aquatic life) [noun] embryo |
(This term, 幼蟲, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 幼 | 蟲 |

### Noun

幼蟲 • (yuchung) (hangeul 유충)
* hanja form of 유충 (“larva”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 幼 | 蟲 |

### Noun

幼蟲
* chữ Hán form of ấu trùng (“larva”).
# ratsutilallinen
## Finnish
### Etymology

ratsutila +‎ -llinen

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɑtsuˌtilɑlːinen/, [ˈrɑ̝ts̠uˌt̪ilɑ̝lˌline̞n]
* Rhymes: -inen
* Syllabification: rat‧su‧ti‧lal‧li‧nen

### Noun

ratsutilallinen
* (historical) the owner of a farm that provided a horseman/cavalryman and horse for the crown, and in exchange were given tax breaks
* owner of a horse riding ranch

#### Declension

Possessive forms of ratsutilallinen (Kotus type 38/nainen, no gradation) :

### Further reading

* “ratsutilallinen”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
# joueur contre l'environnement
## French
### Etymology

Calque of English player versus environment.

### Noun

joueur contre l’environnement m (plural joueurs contre l’environnement)
* (gaming) player versus environment
# マンゴスチン
## Japanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from English mangosteen. First cited to a work from 1920-1921.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) マンゴスチン [màńgóꜜsùchìǹ] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [mã̠ŋɡo̞sɨ̥t͡ɕĩɴ]

### Noun

マンゴスチン • (mangosuchin)
* [from 1920-1921] mangosteen

#### Hypernyms

* 弟(おと)切(ぎり)草(そう) (otogirisō)

### References

* ↑ “マンゴスチン”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# underseen
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ seen.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Adjective

underseen (comparative more underseen, superlative most underseen)
* Too little seen.
** 2007 June 8, Holland Cotter, “Quirks and Attitude to Burn”, in New York Times‎:New York galleries are in the habit of saving their best — their newest, boldest, oddest — for last, for the annual blitz of end-of-season group shows that give exposure to underseen artists and freelance gigs to promising curators, while the commercial heat is down.
# 鸣门
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鸣门 – see 鳴門 (“Naruto”). (This term is the simplified form of 鳴門).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# záviděníhodný
## Czech
### Etymology

From závidění +‎ hodný.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈzaːvɪɟɛɲiːɦodniː]

### Adjective

záviděníhodný (comparative záviděníhodnější, superlative nejzáviděníhodnější, adverb záviděníhodně)
* enviable
    Antonym: nezáviděníhodný

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “záviděníhodný”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “záviděníhodný”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “záviděníhodný”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# desabamento
## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /de.za.baˈmẽ.tu/, /d͡ʒi.za.baˈmẽ.tu/
* (Brazil) IPA: /de.za.baˈmẽ.tu/, /d͡ʒi.za.baˈmẽ.tu/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /de.za.baˈmẽ.to/
* (Portugal) IPA: /dɨ.za.bɐˈmẽ.tu/ [dɨ.za.βɐˈmẽ.tu], /dɨ.zɐ.bɐˈmẽ.tu/ [dɨ.zɐ.βɐˈmẽ.tu]

### Noun

desabamento m (plural desabamentos)
* collapse (act of collapsing)
    Synonyms: desmoronamento, colapso

### References

* ↑ “desabamento”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
# せんじょ
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of せんじょ – see the following entries. :
| 【仙女】 | [noun] a nymph [noun] a fay; a fairy or female elf [noun] a female sage |
| 【芟除】 | [noun] elimination, scything [verb] to eliminate, to scythe, to wipe out |
| 【蟾蜍】 | [noun] a toad (amphibian similar to a frog) Alternative spelling センジョ |
(This term, せんじょ (senjo), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) :
(The following entries are uncreated: 洗除, 剪除, 賤女, 選叙.)
# cje
## Translingual
### Symbol

cje
* (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Chru.

### See also

* Wiktionary's coverage of Chru terms
# detransitioner
## English
### Etymology

From detransition +‎ -er.

### Noun

detransitioner (plural detransitioners)
* One who detransitions.
    Coordinate term: desister
** 2019, Jennie Kermode, Supporting Transgender and Non-Binary People with Disabilities or Illnesses, page 72:Detransitioners will need to be aware that 'reverse' genital surgery is not likely to be as successful as their original surgery because there will be less tissue to work with.
** 2024 February 2, Pamela Paul, “As Kids, They Thought They Were Trans. They No Longer Do.”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN:In 2021 she spoke out in favor of approaching gender dysphoria in a more considered way, urging others in the field to pay attention to detransitioners, people who no longer consider themselves transgender after undergoing medical or surgical interventions.

#### Hyponyms

* MTFTM
* FTMTF

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* retransitioned
# underearn
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ earn.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

underearn (third-person singular simple present underearns, present participle underearning, simple past and past participle underearned)
* (transitive) To earn less than.
** 2007 June 28, Reuters, “Equity Firm Is Acquiring Guitar Center”, in New York Times‎:“They have a dominant retail position in a high-service business, yet significantly underearn other high-service-oriented retail segments,” Mr. Balter wrote in a research note after Guitar Center made its announcement.
* (intransitive) To earn less than might be expected.
    Those who underearn should avoid overspending.

### Anagrams

* earned run
# 鸣门卷
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鸣门卷 – see 鳴門卷. (This term is the simplified form of 鳴門卷).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# Dojčan
## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdɔjt͡ʃan]

### Proper noun

Dojčan m pers (female equivalent Dojčanová)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Dojčan”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# Johnson polyhedrons
## English
### Noun

Johnson polyhedrons
* plural of Johnson polyhedron
# 帆座
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 帆 | 座 |
| ほ Grade: S | ざ Grade: 6 |
| yutōyomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 帆座 – see the following entry. :
| 【ほ座ざ】 | [proper noun] (astronomy) Vela |
(This term, 帆座, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# Mendová
## Czech
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈmɛndovaː]

### Proper noun

Mendová f (male equivalent Menda)
* a female surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Mendová”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)
# 傘蓋
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sǎngài
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄢˇ ㄍㄞˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sǎngài
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄢˇ ㄍㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sǎngài
*** Wade–Giles: san$^3$-kai$^4$
*** Yale: sǎn-gài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: saangay
*** Palladius: саньгай (sanʹgaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /sän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kaɪ̯⁵¹/

### Noun

傘蓋
* (archaic) canopy
* (Buddhism, archaic) chatra
# гӏа
## Chechen
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *ʁa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʁa/

### Noun

гӏа • (ğa) class dd
* leaf

### References

* Nichols, Johanna, Vagapov, Arbi (2004) “гӏа”, in Chechen–English and English–Chechen Dictionary, London and New York: RoutledgeCurzon, page 78

## Ingush
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *ʁa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʁa/

### Noun

гӏа • (ğa) class dd
* leaf

### References

* Nichols, Johanna B. (2004) “гӏа”, in Ingush–English and English–Ingush Dictionary, London and New York: Routledge, page 51
# underbuilder
## English
### Etymology

From under- (“subordinate”) +‎ builder.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌbɪldə(ɹ)/
* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

underbuilder (plural underbuilders)
* A subordinate or assistant builder.
** 1651, Jeremy Taylor, The Rule and Exercises of Holy Dying:an underbuilder in the house of God

#### Related terms

* underbuild
# 麻风杆菌
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 麻风杆菌 – see 麻風桿菌. (This term is the simplified form of 麻風桿菌).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# Drak
## Czech
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈdrak]

### Proper noun

Drak m anim (female equivalent Draková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Drak”, in Příjmení.cz (in Czech)

## Slovak
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [drak]

### Proper noun

Drak m pers (female equivalent Draková)
* a male surname

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “Drak”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
# beschirmen
## German
### Etymology

From Middle High German beschirmen, from Proto-West Germanic *biskirmijan. Related to Schirm (“umbrella”), compare Schutzschirm. Cognate with Dutch beschermen.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bəʃɪʁmɘn/, /bəʃɪʁmn̩/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

beschirmen (weak, third-person singular present beschirmt, past tense beschirmte, past participle beschirmt, auxiliary haben)
* (transitive, higher register) to protect, to shield
* (transitive, higher register) to stretch out forming a screen
* (transitive, higher register) to put on a lampshade
* (transitive, higher register) to guard, to look after, to sentinel

#### Conjugation

$^1$Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

#### Derived terms

* Beschirmen
* Beschirmung

### Further reading

* “beschirmen” in Duden online
* “beschirmen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
* “beschirmen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
# はしら
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of はしら – see the following entry. :
| 【柱】3 | [noun] pillar [counter] gods, spirits, worshipped entity. [counter] spirit tablets, cremation remains. |
(This term, はしら (hashira), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as はしら, see Category:Japanese kanji read as はしら.) :
# предкрылок
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [prʲɪtˈkrɨɫək]

### Noun

предкры́лок • (predkrýlok) m inan (genitive предкры́лка, nominative plural предкры́лки, genitive plural предкры́лков)
* (aviation) slat

#### Related terms

* закры́лок m (zakrýlok)
* крыло́ n (kryló)
# sensationalize
## English
### Alternative forms

* sensationalise

### Etymology

From sensational +‎ -ize.

### Verb

sensationalize (third-person singular simple present sensationalizes, present participle sensationalizing, simple past and past participle sensationalized)
* (American spelling, Oxford British English) To glorify or inflate the importance of a piece of news; to artificially create a sensation.
# аьшк
## Ingush
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *HaaHḳi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɛ̯aʃkʲ/

### Noun

аьшк • (äšk) class dd
* iron

### References

* Nichols, Johanna B. (2004) “аьшк”, in Ingush–English and English–Ingush Dictionary, London and New York: Routledge, page 32
# vapourer
## English

* This entry needs a photograph or drawing for illustration. Please try to find a suitable image on Wikimedia Commons or upload one there yourself!

### Etymology

From vapour +‎ -er.

### Noun

vapourer (plural vapourers)
* Any of several tussock moths (family Erebidae, subfamily Lymantriinae), especially of the genus Orgyia.
* (archaic) One who vapours; a braggart.

#### Derived terms

* vapourer moth (Orgyia antiqua)
* scarce vapourer moth (Orgyia recens)

### References

* “vapourer”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
* Lymantriinae on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* Lymantriinae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
* Category:Lymantriinae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
# -TʼĮ́Į́H
## Navajo
### Etymology

Possibly a cognate with the root -ʼĮĮD (“to bark”), which in turn appears to be related to -ʼĮ́Į́ʼ (“to see, look”).
It only occurs in the neuter imperfective mode.

### Root

-TʼĮ́Į́H
* to practice witchcraft, be a witch or a wizard
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) |
| á + ni | ? | S practices sorcery ánítʼį́į́h | |

#### Stem set

| Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
| NEUT | -tʼį́į́h | — | — | — | — |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

#### Synonyms

to practice sorcery:
* -GĄĄZH
* -ZĮ́Į́ʼ
* -TIʼ

#### Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼĮ́Į́H (practice witchcraft)