OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# lightness
## English
### Alternative forms

* lightnesse (obsolete)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈlaɪtnəs/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)
* Hyphenation: light‧ness

### Etymology 1

From Middle English lightnes, lightnesse, from Old English līhtnes, lȳhtnys (“enlightening, illumination”), from Proto-West Germanic *liuhtinassī; equivalent to light (“to make bright, illuminate”, verb) +‎ -ness (suffix forming nouns). Cognate with Old High German liuhtnissi (“illumination, enlightening”).

#### Noun

lightness (countable and uncountable, plural lightnesses)
* (uncountable) the condition of being illuminated
* (uncountable) the relative whiteness or transparency of a colour
* (countable) The product of being illuminated.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Middle English lightnes, lightnesse, from Old English *lēohtnes (“lightness”) (compare Old English lēohtmōdnes (“lightness”, literally “light-moodedness”), līhtingnes (“lightness, alleviation”)); equivalent to light (“not heavy”, adjective) +‎ -ness (suffix forming nouns). Cognate with Middle Low German luchtnisse, lüchtnisse (“lightness, frivolity, joyfulness”).

#### Noun

lightness (uncountable)
* The state of having little (or less) weight, or little force.
** 1960 January, “The Swindon Type "4" diesel-hydraulic units”, in Trains Illustrated, page 39:The unique chassis design is largely the secret of the lightness of the locomotive.
* Agility of movement.
* Freedom from worry.
** 1852, Mrs M.A. Thompson, “The Tutor's Daughter”, in Graham's American Monthly Magazine of Literature, Art, and Fashion, page 266:In the lightness of my heart I sang catches of songs as my horse gayly bore me along the well-remembered road.
* Levity, frivolity; inconsistency.
** 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:, New York 2001, p.75:
    Seneca […] accounts it a filthy lightness in men, every day to lay new foundations of their life, but who doth otherwise?

##### Translations
### References

* ↑ “lightnes(se, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2018, retrieved 8 November 2019.
* ↑ “lightnes(se, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2018, retrieved 8 November 2019.

### Anagrams

* nightless, slightens, thingless
# dry as a nun's nasty
## English
### Etymology

Referring to a nun's practice of sexual abstinence.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (General Australian):(file)
* Audio (General Australian):(file)

### Adjective

dry as a nun's nasty
* (Australia, simile, slang, vulgar) Very dry.
    Synonym: dry as a nun's cunt

#### Synonyms

* dry as a dead dingo's donger
# odsądzać od czci i wiary
## Polish
### Etymology

Literally, “to deny [someone their] honor and faith”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɔtˈsɔnd͡zat͡ɕ ɔt ˈt͡ʂt͡ɕi i ˈvjarɘ/
* Syllabification: od‧są‧dzać od czci i wia‧ry

### Verb

odsądzać od czci i wiary impf (perfective odsądzić od czci i wiary)
* (transitive, colloquial, humorous, idiomatic) to demonize (to harshly criticize in an over-the-top manner)

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* odsądzać od czci i wiary in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
* odsądzać od czci i wiary in Polish dictionaries at PWN
# valley pieces
## English
### Noun

valley pieces
* plural of valley piece
# eiteach
## Irish
### Etymology 1

From Old Irish ettech, ittech (“winged”), from ette (“wing”). By surface analysis, eite (“wing”) +‎ -ach.

#### Adjective

eiteach (genitive singular masculine eitigh, genitive singular feminine eití, plural eiteacha, not comparable)
* winged (bird, insect, etc.); pennate, plumed, feathered
* finned

##### Declension

| | Singular | Singular | Plural (m/f) | Plural (m/f) |
| Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
| Nominative | eiteach | eiteach | eiteacha | eiteacha |
| Vocative | eitigh | eiteach | eiteacha | eiteacha |
| Genitive | eitigh | eití | eiteacha | eiteach |
| Dative | eiteach | eiteach; eitigh (archaic) | eiteacha | eiteacha |
| Comparative | níos eití | níos eití | níos eití | níos eití |
| Superlative | is eití | is eití | is eití | is eití |

##### Derived terms

* cnó eiteach (“wing-nut, butterfly nut”)
* -eiteach (“-winged”)
* scriú eiteach (“wing-screw”)

#### Noun

eiteach m (genitive singular eitigh) (collective)
* wings
* plumes, feathers
* fins

##### Declension

First declension

### Etymology 2

From Middle Irish eitech (“refusal”), verbal noun of Old Irish as·toing (“to refuse”). By surface analysis, eitigh +‎ -ach.

#### Alternative forms

* eiteachtáil, eitiú

#### Noun

eiteach m (genitive singular eitigh)
* verbal noun of eitigh
* refusal
    Synonym: eiteachas

##### Declension

First declension

### References

* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ettech, ittech”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “as·toing”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “eiteach”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “eiteach”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “eiteach”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
# वी
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱী (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬷ (Balinese script)
* বী (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀻 (Brahmi script)
* ဝီ (Burmese script)
* વી (Gujarati script)
* ਵੀ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑍀 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦷ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑂲 (Kaithi script)
* ವೀ (Kannada script)
* វី (Khmer script)
* ວີ (Lao script)
* വീ (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘲 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐷 (Newa script)
* ଵୀ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢷ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆵 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖱 (Siddham script)
* වී (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚯 (Takri script)
* வீ (Tamil script)
* వీ (Telugu script)
* วี (Thai script)
* ཝཱི (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋíː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ʋiː/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wíH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wíH, from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁-.

#### Alternative forms

* वय् (vay)

#### Root

वी • (vī)
* to go, move, approach (either as a friend i.e. ‘seek or take eagerly, grasp, seize, accept, enjoy’, or as an enemy i.e. ‘fall upon, attack, assail, visit, punish, avenge’)
* to set in motion, arouse, excite, impel, move, push
* to further, promote, lead or bring or help anyone to
* to get, procure
* to impregnate
* to enjoy
* to be strong, powerful
* to hunt, chase, pursue

##### Derived terms
###### Primary Verbal Forms

* वेति (véti, Present)
* अवैषीत् (ávaiṣīt, Aorist)
* विवाय (vivā́ya, Perfect)

###### Secondary Forms

* वीयते (vīyáte, Passive)

###### Non-Finite Forms

* वीत (vītá, Past Participle)

###### Derived Nominal Forms

* वीति f (vītí, “enjoyment,feast”)

#### Adjective

वी • (vī́) stem
* going to, eager for, desirous or fond of (genitive)
* set in motion

##### Declension
#### Noun

वी • (vī) stem, m
* the act of going, motion

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

वि- (vi-) +‎ इ (i)

#### Root

वी • (vī)
* to go apart or in different directions, diverge, be diffused or scattered or distributed or divided or extended
* to be lost, perish, disappear
* to go through, pass through, traverse

##### Derived terms
###### Primary Verbal Forms

* व्येति (vyeti, Present)
* व्यैत् (vyait, Imperfect)
* वीयाय (vīyāya, Perfect)

###### Non-Finite Forms

* व्येतुम् (vyetum, Infinitive)

### Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Noun

वी • (vī́) m
* nominative/vocative/accusative dual of वि (ví, “bird”)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “वी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1004, column 1.
* William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 161
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “VAY$^I$”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 509-10
# clubmen
## English
### Noun

clubmen
* plural of clubman
* (historical) One of several apolitical local militias formed for protection (from both sides) during the English Civil War.
** 2009, Ranulph Fiennes, chapter 21, in Mad Dogs and Englishmen: An Expedition Round My Family, London: Hodder & Stoughton, →ISBN, page 224:Groups of neutralists or ‘clubmen’ throughout the west country tried to drive both warring sides out of their area and demanded an end to the war by negotiation.

## French
### Noun

clubmen m
* plural of clubman

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French clubman or English clubman.

### Noun

clubmen m (plural clubmeni)
* clubman
# բադակտուց
## Armenian
### Alternative forms

* բադկտուց (badktucʻ) — obsolete

### Etymology

From բադ (bad, “duck”) +‎ -ա- (-a-) +‎ կտուց (ktucʻ, “bill”). Probably a calque of English duckbill.

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /bɑdɑkəˈtut͡sʰ/, [bɑdɑkətút͡sʰ]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /pɑtɑɡəˈdut͡s/, [pʰɑtʰɑɡədút͡sʰ]
* Audio (Eastern Armenian):(file)

### Noun

բադակտուց • (badaktucʻ)
* platypus
    Synonyms: հավկտուց (havktucʻ), ցռկեղ (cʻṙkeġ)

#### Declension

i-type, animate (Eastern Armenian) :
| | singular | plural |
| nominative | բադակտուց (badaktucʻ) | բադակտուցներ (badaktucʻner) |
| dative | բադակտուցի (badaktucʻi) | բադակտուցների (badaktucʻneri) |
| ablative | բադակտուցից (badaktucʻicʻ) | բադակտուցներից (badaktucʻnericʻ) |
| instrumental | բադակտուցով (badaktucʻov) | բադակտուցներով (badaktucʻnerov) |
| locative | — | — |
| | definite forms | definite forms |
| nominative | բադակտուցը/բադակտուցն (badaktucʻə/badaktucʻn) | բադակտուցները/բադակտուցներն (badaktucʻnerə/badaktucʻnern) |
| dative | բադակտուցին (badaktucʻin) | բադակտուցներին (badaktucʻnerin) |
| | 1st person possessive forms (my) | 1st person possessive forms (my) |
| nominative | բադակտուցս (badaktucʻs) | բադակտուցներս (badaktucʻners) |
| dative | բադակտուցիս (badaktucʻis) | բադակտուցներիս (badaktucʻneris) |
| ablative | բադակտուցիցս (badaktucʻicʻs) | բադակտուցներիցս (badaktucʻnericʻs) |
| instrumental | բադակտուցովս (badaktucʻovs) | բադակտուցներովս (badaktucʻnerovs) |
| locative | — | — |
| | 2nd person possessive forms (your) | 2nd person possessive forms (your) |
| nominative | բադակտուցդ (badaktucʻd) | բադակտուցներդ (badaktucʻnerd) |
| dative | բադակտուցիդ (badaktucʻid) | բադակտուցներիդ (badaktucʻnerid) |
| ablative | բադակտուցիցդ (badaktucʻicʻd) | բադակտուցներիցդ (badaktucʻnericʻd) |
| instrumental | բադակտուցովդ (badaktucʻovd) | բադակտուցներովդ (badaktucʻnerovd) |
| locative | — | — |

### Further reading

* Yakobean, V. Y. (1907) “duck-bill”, in Nor baṙaran anglierēnē hayerēn [A Dictionary, English–Armenian]‎, 2nd edition, Constantinople: H. Matteosian, page 217b
* Čʻagmagčean, Y. Y. (1922) “duckmole”, in Əndarjak Baṙaran Angl. Hay. [A Comprehensive Dictionary English–Armenian], Boston: E. A. Yeran, page 462a
* Čʻagmagčean, Y. Y. (1922) “duckbill”, in Əndarjak Baṙaran Angl. Hay. [A Comprehensive Dictionary English–Armenian], Boston: E. A. Yeran, page 462a
# heedless
## English
### Etymology

From heed +‎ -less.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈhiːdləs/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Adjective

heedless (comparative more heedless, superlative most heedless)
* Unaware; without noticing; careless; inattentive.
    Antonym: heedful
    Sing we joyous, all together, heedless of the wind and weather.
** 1785, William Cowper, “Book V. The Winter Morning Walk.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 221:Brutes […] / Ruminate heedleſs of the ſcene outſpread / Beneath, beyond, and ſtretching far away / From inland regions to the diſtant main.
** 1910, Emerson Hough, “The Gateway, and Some who Passed”, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 21:"A fine man, that Dunwody, yonder," commented the young captain, as they parted, and as he turned to his prisoner. "We'll see him on in Washington some day. He is strengthening his forces now against Mr. Benton out there. A strong man—a strong one; and a heedless."

#### Derived terms

* heedlessly
* heedlessness
# hemophobia
## English
### Alternative forms

* haemophobia (British)
* hæmophobia (obsolete)

### Etymology

From hemo- +‎ -phobia.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Noun

hemophobia (usually uncountable, plural hemophobias)
* Fear of blood.
    Synonym: haematophobia
** 2019 November 22, Ashley Marcin, “What Is Hemophobia?”, in Healthline‎:With hemophobia, symptoms may be triggered by seeing blood in real life or on television.
** 2023 May 8, Lisa Fritscher, “Understanding and Overcoming the Fear of Blood”, in Verywell Mind‎:However, hemophobia causes much more than discomfort, and someone with this condition will experience highly distressing and disruptive symptoms at the sight of blood.
# готівка
## Ukrainian
### Etymology

Possibly borrowed from Polish gotówka. Morphologically гото́вий (hotóvyj) +‎ -ка (-ka). Compare Belarusian гато́ўка (hatóŭka).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɦoˈtʲiu̯kɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

готі́вка • (hotívka) f inan (genitive готі́вки, uncountable, relational adjective готівко́вий)
* cash
    Hypernym: гро́ші pl (hróši)

#### Declension
### Further reading

* Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “готівка”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
* “готівка”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
* “готівка”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
* “готівка”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
# trough valleys
## English
### Noun

trough valleys
* plural of trough valley
# McGettigan
## English
### Etymology

Anglicized form of Irish Mac Eiteagáin (“son of Eiteagán”), a diminutive of eiteach (“winged”).

### Proper noun

McGettigan (plural McGettigans)
* A surname from Irish.

#### Statistics

* According to the 2010 United States Census, McGettigan is the 23634th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 1073 individuals. McGettigan is most common among White (96.37%) individuals.

### Further reading

* Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “McGettigan”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 2, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 553.
# चंगा
## Hindi
### Etymology

From Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀕 (caṃga). Cognate to Sindhi चंङो Punjabi ਚੰਗਾ (caṅgā) and Marathi चांगला (cāṅglā).

### Adjective

चंगा • (caṅgā)
* healed
* healthy, sound
    Synonyms: तंदुरुस्त (tandurust), स्वस्थ (svasth)

#### Synonyms

* निरोग (nirog)
# velàe
## Poitevin-Saintongeais
### Etymology

Inherited from Old French voloir, from Vulgar Latin volere.

### Verb

velàe
* to want

### References

* Piveteau, Vianney (1996) Dicopoitevin‎ (in French), Troyes
# ծովացուլ
## Armenian
### Etymology

From ծով (cov) +‎ -ա- (-a-) +‎ ցուլ (cʻul). See also Old Armenian ծովացուլ (covacʻul).

### Pronunciation

* (Eastern Armenian) IPA: /t͡sovɑˈt͡sʰul/, [t͡sovɑt͡sʰúl]
* (Western Armenian) IPA: /d͡zovɑˈt͡sul/, [d͡zovɑt͡sʰúl]

### Noun

ծովացուլ • (covacʻul)
* walrus

#### Usage notes

Colloquially Russian морж (morž) is used instead.

#### Declension

i-type, animate (Eastern Armenian) :
| | singular | plural |
| nominative | ծովացուլ (covacʻul) | ծովացուլեր (covacʻuler) |
| dative | ծովացուլի (covacʻuli) | ծովացուլերի (covacʻuleri) |
| ablative | ծովացուլից (covacʻulicʻ) | ծովացուլերից (covacʻulericʻ) |
| instrumental | ծովացուլով (covacʻulov) | ծովացուլերով (covacʻulerov) |
| locative | — | — |
| | definite forms | definite forms |
| nominative | ծովացուլը/ծովացուլն (covacʻulə/covacʻuln) | ծովացուլերը/ծովացուլերն (covacʻulerə/covacʻulern) |
| dative | ծովացուլին (covacʻulin) | ծովացուլերին (covacʻulerin) |
| | 1st person possessive forms (my) | 1st person possessive forms (my) |
| nominative | ծովացուլս (covacʻuls) | ծովացուլերս (covacʻulers) |
| dative | ծովացուլիս (covacʻulis) | ծովացուլերիս (covacʻuleris) |
| ablative | ծովացուլիցս (covacʻulicʻs) | ծովացուլերիցս (covacʻulericʻs) |
| instrumental | ծովացուլովս (covacʻulovs) | ծովացուլերովս (covacʻulerovs) |
| locative | — | — |
| | 2nd person possessive forms (your) | 2nd person possessive forms (your) |
| nominative | ծովացուլդ (covacʻuld) | ծովացուլերդ (covacʻulerd) |
| dative | ծովացուլիդ (covacʻulid) | ծովացուլերիդ (covacʻulerid) |
| ablative | ծովացուլիցդ (covacʻulicʻd) | ծովացուլերիցդ (covacʻulericʻd) |
| instrumental | ծովացուլովդ (covacʻulovd) | ծովացուլերովդ (covacʻulerovd) |
| locative | — | — |

#### Synonyms

* ծովափիղ (covapʻiġ)

## Old Armenian
### Etymology

From ծով (cov) +‎ -ա- (-a-) +‎ ցուլ (cʻul).

### Noun

ծովացուլ • (covacʻul)
* (mythology) a mythical sea-monster

#### Declension
### References

* Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ծովացուլ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ծովացուլ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
* Xudabašeancʻ, Ałekʻsandr (1838) “ծովացուլ”, in Baṙaran ’i haykakan lezuē ’i ṙusacʻ barbaṙ [Dictionary from the Armenian Language into the Russian Tongue], volume I, Moscow: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 547a
* Malxaseancʻ, Stepʻan (1944–1945) “ծովացուլ”, in Hayerēn bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Armenian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: State Publishing House
# нада
## Bulgarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈnadɐ]

### Etymology 1

Deverbal of нада́м pf (nadám), нада́вам impf (nadávam, “to append”) (< Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-).

#### Noun

на́да • (náda) f (relational adjective на́ден) (dialectal)
* adjunct, attachment, appendage (something that is added)

##### Derived terms

* (causative-iterative) на́дя (nádja)
* (intensive) на́ждам (náždam)
* (diminutive) на́дка (nádka)

##### Related terms

* нада́вка (nadávka), нада́тък (nadátǎk) (with alternative suffixes)

#### References

* Nayden Gerov (1899) “на́да (1)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 140
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “нада¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 466

### Etymology 2

Instrumental/resultant noun from an earlier *naditi (“to whet, to hone”) (< Proto-Indo-European *dʰiH-).

#### Noun

на́да • (náda) f (dialectal)
* coulter, blade (of a plough, mower, trimmer)

##### Declension
#### References

* Nayden Gerov (1899) “на́да (2)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 140
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “нада³”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 466

### Etymology 3

Deverbal of на́дам се (nádam se)/*нада́я се (*nadája se, “to aspire to act”) (< Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-).

#### Noun

на́да • (náda) f (dialectal, Torlak)
* mettle, drive (to act upon some goal)

##### Derived terms

* На́да (Náda), На́дя (Nádja) (female personal name)

##### Related terms

* наде́жда (nadéžda, “hope”)

#### References

* Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “нада²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 466

## Northern Yukaghir
### Etymology

From Proto-Yukaghir *nontə

### Noun

нада (nada)
* wolf

### References

* Nikolaeva, Irina (2006) A Historical Dictionary of Yukaghir (Trends in Linguistics Documentation; 25), Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 309
* Kurilov, Гаврил (2001) Юкагирско-русский словарь, Novosibirsk: Nauka

## Orok
### Etymology

From Proto-Tungusic *nadan, compare Evenki надан (nadan).

### Numeral

нада (nada)
* seven

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nada.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nǎːda/
* Hyphenation: на‧да

### Noun

на́да f (Latin spelling náda)
* hope

#### Quotations

* For quotations using this term, see Citations:nada.

#### Related terms

* на́дати се

## Udihe
### Etymology

From Proto-Tungusic *nadan, compare Evenki надан (nadan).

### Numeral

нада (nada)
* seven
# Tschechisch-Schlesiens
## German
### Proper noun

Tschechisch-Schlesiens
* genitive of Tschechisch-Schlesien
# rossinyol del Japó
## Catalan
### Etymology

Literally, “nightingale of Japan”.

### Noun

rossinyol del Japó m (plural rossinyols del Japó)
* Japanese robin (Larvivora akahige)
# 地下通道
## Chinese

| | | underground; basement | passageway; passage; thoroughfarepassageway; passage; thoroughfare; route; pass; lane; access |
| trad. (地下通道) | trad. (地下通道) | 地下 | 通道 |
| simp. $^#$(地下通道) | simp. $^#$(地下通道) | 地下 | 通道 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dìxià tōngdào
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄊㄨㄥ ㄉㄠˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dìxià tōngdào
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄊㄨㄥ ㄉㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dìsià tongdào
*** Wade–Giles: ti$^4$-hsia$^4$ tʻung$^1$-tao$^4$
*** Yale: dì-syà tūng-dàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dihshiah tongdaw
*** Palladius: дися тундао (disja tundao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

### Noun

地下通道
* underground passage; underpass
# underpay
## English
### Etymology

From under- +‎ pay.

### Pronunciation

* Audio (US):(file)

### Verb

underpay (third-person singular simple present underpays, present participle underpaying, simple past and past participle underpaid)
* (transitive) To pay (someone) less than the value of their work; to pay (someone) insufficiently.
    Hypernyms: misremunerate, mispay
    Coordinate term: overpay
** 2020 July 28, Supreme Court of the Philippines, MARBY FOOD VENTURES CORPORATION, MARIO VALDERRAMA, AND EMELITA VALDERRAMA, PETITIONERS, VS. ROLAND DELA CRUZ, GABRIEL DELA CRUZ, JOSE PAULO ANZURES, EFREN TADEO, BONGBONG SANTOS, MARLON DE RAFAEL, CRIS C. SANTIAGO, ELMER MARANO, ARMANDO RIVERA, AND LOUIE BALMES, RESPONDENTS.‎, FIRST DIVISION [ G.R. No. 244629, July 28, 2020 ]:In their Position Paper, respondents averred that they were underpaid their daily wage, overtime work pay and 13th month pay.
* (transitive) To pay less than is due for (something).
    The underpaid letter was returned to the sender.

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* unprayed
# Wantsumo
## Old English
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ˈwɑnt.su.mo/

### Proper noun

Wantsumo ?
* the Wantsum Channel
** late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
    Þonne is on ēasteweardre Cent myċel ēaland Tenet, þæt is syx hund hīda miċel æfter Angelcynnes ǣhte. Þæt ēalond tōsċēadeð Wantsumo strēam frām þām tōġeþeoddan lande. Sē is þrēora furlunga brād: ⁊ on twām stōwum is oferfernes, ⁊ ǣġhwæþer ende līð on sǣ.Now to the east of Cent there is the great island of Thanet, which contains six hundreds hides by the English manner of reckoning. The island separates the Wantsum Channel from the adjacent land. It is three furlongs wide; and it can be crossed in two places, and at each end flows into the sea.
# pyrzych
## Polish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Masovia):
** (Far Masovian) IPA: /ˈpɘ.ʐɘx/

### Noun

pyrzych m pers
* (Far Masovian) fast, vigorous, heedless person

### Further reading

* Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “pyřych”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 120