# urghabh
## Irish
### Etymology

From Middle Irish aurgabaid, from Old Irish ar·gaib. By surface analysis, ur- (“before”) +‎ gabh (“take”).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /ʊɾˠˈɣavʲ/
* (Connacht, Ulster) IPA: /ˈʊɾˠɣəu/

### Verb

urghabh (present analytic urghabhann, future analytic urghabhfaidh, verbal noun urghabháil, past participle urghafa)
* (transitive, law) seize
    Synonyms: gabh, tóg

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | urghabhaim | urghabhann tú; urghabhair$^†$ | urghabhann sé, sí | urghabhaimid | urghabhann sibh | urghabhann siad; urghabhaid$^†$ | a urghabhann; a urghabhas / a n-urghabhann* | urghabhtar |
| indicative | past | d'urghabh mé; d'urghabhas / urghabh mé‡; urghabhas‡ | d'urghabh tú; d'urghabhais / urghabh tú; urghabhais‡ | d'urghabh sé, sí / urghabh sé, sí‡ | d'urghabhamar; d'urghabh muid / urghabhamar; urghabh muid‡ | d'urghabh sibh; d'urghabhabhair / urghabh sibh; urghabhabhair‡ | d'urghabh siad; d'urghabhadar / urghabh siad; urghabhadar‡ | a d'urghabh / ar urghabh* | urghabhadh; hurghabhadh$^†$ |
| indicative | past habitual | d'urghabhainn / urghabhainn‡; n-urghabhainn‡‡ | d'urghabhtá / urghabhtá‡; n-urghabhtá‡‡ | d'urghabhadh sé, sí / urghabhadh sé, sí‡; n-urghabhadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'urghabhaimis; d'urghabhadh muid / urghabhaimis; urghabhadh muid‡; n-urghabhaimis‡‡; n-urghabhadh muid‡‡ | d'urghabhadh sibh / urghabhadh sibh‡; n-urghabhadh sibh‡‡ | d'urghabhaidís; d'urghabhadh siad / urghabhaidís; urghabhadh siad‡; n-urghabhaidís‡‡; n-urghabhadh siad‡‡ | a d'urghabhadh / a n-urghabhadh* | d'urghabhtaí / urghabhtaí‡; n-urghabhtaí‡‡ |
| future | future | urghabhfaidh mé; urghabhfad | urghabhfaidh tú; urghabhfair$^†$ | urghabhfaidh sé, sí | urghabhfaimid; urghabhfaidh muid | urghabhfaidh sibh | urghabhfaidh siad; urghabhfaid$^†$ | a urghabhfaidh; a urghabhfas / a n-urghabhfaidh* | urghabhfar |
| conditional | conditional | d'urghabhfainn / urghabhfainn‡; n-urghabhfainn‡‡ | d'urghabhfá / urghabhfá‡; n-urghabhfá‡‡ | d'urghabhfadh sé, sí / urghabhfadh sé, sí‡; n-urghabhfadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'urghabhfaimis; d'urghabhfadh muid / urghabhfaimis‡; urghabhfadh muid‡; n-urghabhfaimis‡‡; n-urghabhfadh muid‡‡ | d'urghabhfadh sibh / urghabhfadh sibh‡; n-urghabhfadh sibh‡‡ | d'urghabhfaidís; d'urghabhfadh siad / urghabhfaidís‡; urghabhfadh siad‡; n-urghabhfaidís‡‡; n-urghabhfadh siad‡‡ | a d'urghabhfadh / a n-urghabhfadh* | d'urghabhfaí / urghabhfaí‡; n-urghabhfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go n-urghabha mé; go n-urghabhad$^†$ | go n-urghabha tú; go n-urghabhair$^†$ | go n-urghabha sé, sí | go n-urghabhaimid; go n-urghabha muid | go n-urghabha sibh | go n-urghabha siad; go n-urghabhaid$^†$ | — | go n-urghabhtar |
| subjunctive | past | dá n-urghabhainn | dá n-urghabhtá | dá n-urghabhadh sé, sí | dá n-urghabhaimis; dá n-urghabhadh muid | dá n-urghabhadh sibh | dá n-urghabhaidís; dá n-urghabhadh siad | — | dá n-urghabhtaí |
| imperative | imperative | urghabhaim | urghabh | urghabhadh sé, sí | urghabhaimis | urghabhaigí; urghabhaidh$^†$ | urghabhaidís | — | urghabhtar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | urghabháil | urghabháil | urghabháil | urghabháil | urghabháil | urghabháil | urghabháil | urghabháil |
| past participle | past participle | urghafa | urghafa | urghafa | urghafa | urghafa | urghafa | urghafa | urghafa |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡ dependent form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “urghabh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* “seize”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2024
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “urghabh”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ar-gaib”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language