# seem
## English
### Alternative forms

* seme (obsolete)

### Etymology

From Middle English semen (“to seem, befit, be becoming”), from Old Norse sœma (“to conform to, beseem, befit”), from Proto-Germanic *sōmijaną (“to unite, fit”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one; whole”). Cognate with Scots seme (“to be fitting; beseem”), Danish sømme (“to beseem”), Old Swedish søma, Faroese søma (“to be proper”). Related also to Old Norse sómi (“honour”) ( > archaic Danish somme (“decent comportment”)), Old Norse sœmr (“fitting, seemly”), Old English sēman (“to reconcile, bring an agreement”), Old English sōm (“agreement”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /siːm/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -iːm
* Homophones: seam, seme

### Verb

seem (third-person singular simple present seems, present participle seeming, simple past and past participle seemed)
* (copulative) To appear; to look outwardly; to be perceived as.
    He seems to be ill. Her eyes seem blue. It must have seemed to her she was safe. How did she seem to you? He seems not to be at home. It seems like rain.
** 15th c., “[The Creation]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 5:He is so fayre, withoutten les, / he semys full well to sytt on des.He is so fair, without any limit; his appearance shows well when he sits on the dais.
** 1813 (14thc.), Dante Alighieri, The Vision of Hell as translated by The Rev. H. F. Cary.
    He, from his face removing the gross air, / Oft his left hand forth stretch'd, and seem'd alone / By that annoyance wearied.
** 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too. […].
** 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter II, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:That the young Mr. Churchills liked—but they did not like him coming round of an evening and drinking weak whisky-and-water while he held forth on railway debentures and corporation loans. Mr. Barrett, however, by fawning and flattery, seemed to be able to make not only Mrs. Churchill but everyone else do what he desired.
** 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:Meanwhile Nanny Broome was recovering from her initial panic and seemed anxious to make up for any kudos she might have lost, by exerting her personality to the utmost. She took the policeman's helmet and placed it on a chair, and unfolded his tunic to shake it and fold it up again for him.
** 2012 August 5, Nathan Rabin, “TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “I Love Lisa” (season 4, episode 15; originally aired 02/11/1993)”, in AV Club:So while Ralph generally seems to inhabit a different, more glorious and joyful universe than everyone else here his yearning and heartbreak are eminently relateable. Ralph sometimes appears to be a magically demented sprite who has assumed the form of a boy, but he’s never been more poignantly, nakedly, movingly human than he is here.
* (obsolete) To befit; to beseem.
** 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene:And all within were pathes and alleies wide, With footing worne, and leading inward farre: Faire harbour that them seemes; so in they entred arre.

#### Usage notes

* This is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs

#### Derived terms

* can't seem
* meseems
* seeming
* seemingly
* seemly
* seemlihood
* seemliness

#### Translations
### Anagrams

* Mees, Esmé, Esme, smee, mese, Smee, emes, semé, seme

## Middle Dutch
### Etymology

From Old Dutch sēm, from Proto-Germanic *saimaz.

### Noun

sêem m
* honey

#### Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

#### Descendants

* Dutch: zeem
* West Flemish: zêem

### Further reading

* “seem”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
* Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “seem”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

## Middle English
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɛːm/
* Rhymes: -ɛːm

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English sēam (“seam”), from Proto-West Germanic *saum, from Proto-Germanic *saumaz. The "nail" sense is a semantic loan from Old Norse saumr.

#### Alternative forms

* ceem, ceme, sem, seme, seyme

#### Noun

seem (plural semes)
* (sewing) A seam (in fabric).
* A depression or indentation:
** A furrow or trench; a depression in the ground.
** A seam (scar or cicatrix).
** A seam (suture or stitching).
** (anatomy) A bodily depression or furrow.
* (construction) Clinching nails.

##### Related terms

* semestere

##### Descendants

* English: seam
* Scots: seam

##### References

* “sēm(e, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
* “sēm(e, n.(3).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

### Etymology 2

Inherited from Old English sēam, from Proto-West Germanic *saum (“load”), from Late Latin sauma, from Latin sagma, from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma).

#### Alternative forms

* ceme, sem, seme
* sæm (Early Middle English)

#### Noun

seem (plural semes)
* A load for a pack-horse.
* A seam (unit of weight or volume)

##### Related terms

* semen

##### Descendants

* English: seam (historical)

##### References

* “sēm(e, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.