# 於戲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wūhū
    (Zhuyin): ㄨ ㄏㄨ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wūhū
*** Zhuyin: ㄨ ㄏㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wuhu
*** Wade–Giles: wu$^1$-hu$^1$
*** Yale: wū-hū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uhu
*** Palladius: уху (uxu)
*** Sinological IPA : /u⁵⁵ xu⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'u xje|xu
Rime :
| Character | 於 | 戲 | 戲 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/3 | 2/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 曉 (32) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 支 (13) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III | I |
| Fanqie | 哀都切 | 許羈切 | 荒烏切 |
| Baxter | 'u | xje | xu |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔuo/ | /hˠiᴇ/ | /huo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔuo/ | /hᵚiɛ/ | /huo/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔo/ | /xiɛ/ | /xo/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɔ/ | /hjiə̆/ | /hɔ/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔo/ | /xje/ | /xo/ |
| Wang Li | /u/ | /xǐe/ | /xu/ |
| Bernhard Karlgren | /ʔuo/ | /xie̯/ | /xuo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wū | xī | hū |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wu$^1$ | hei$^1$ | fu$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ʔ]ˤa
    (Zhengzhang): /*qaː qʰral|qʰaː/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 於 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wū |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔu › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ʔ]ˁa/ |
| English | oh! |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 於 | 戲 | 戲 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 15810 | 5194 | 5227 |
| Phonetic component | 於 | 虍 | 虍 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 歌 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 烏 | 犧 | 呼 |
| Old Chinese | /*qaː/ | /*qʰral/ | /*qʰaː/ |
| Notes | | | 古文呼字 |

### Interjection

於戲
* (archaic and obsolete) ah; o; la; lo; alas; alack; well (onomatopoeic of sighing and signifying relief, closure, emphasis, admiration, calling to attention, or sadness, etc.)
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Wūhū qiánwáng bùwàng. [Pinyin]
    Ah! the former kings are not forgotten!
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Wūhū! Yú wéi xiānrén cháng zhǎng sīshì, xiǎn yú Táng Yú; zhìyú Zhōu, fù diǎn zhī; gù Sīmǎshì shìzhǔ tiānguān. Zhìyú yú hū, qīn niàn zāi! Qīn niàn zāi! [Pinyin]
    Alas! I keep in mind how the predecessors of our lineage used to take charge of this duty (keeping astronomical and historical records), how they were once prominent during the times of Yao and Shun, and how they reclaimed the office during Zhou. We the Simas have always been a lineage versed in the heavenly matters indeed. Now it is I that have received this duty. Be reverent and remember this!

#### Usage notes

Chiefly used at sentence-initial. Although 於戲 (wūhū) is considered equivalent to 嗚呼 as an onomatopoeic interjection, it cannot be substituted where the latter is used as a verb that means "to die" (euphemistically or jocularly). For example, 一命嗚呼 (“to drop dead”) is considered idiomatic, but 一命於戲 is awkward or incorrect.

#### Synonyms

(interjection):
* 嗚呼／呜呼 (wūhū)