# 坰

| 坰 | U+5770, &#22384; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5770 |
| ← 坯 [U+576F] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 坱 → [U+5771] |

## Translingual
### Han character

坰 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土月口 (GBR), four-corner 4712$_0$, composition ⿰土冋)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 226, character 29
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4985
* Dae Jaweon: page 462, character 7
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 432, character 3
* Unihan data for U+5770

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 坰
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 苘 | *kʰʷeŋʔ, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 詗 | *qʰʷeŋs, *qʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 駉 | *kʷeːŋ |
| 坰 | *kʷeːŋ |
| 冋 | *kʷeːŋ, *ɡʷeːŋʔ |
| 絅 | *kʷeːŋ, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
| 扃 | *kʷeːŋ |
| 炯 | *kʷeːŋʔ, *ɡʷeːŋʔ |
| 迥 | *ɡʷeːŋʔ |
| 泂 | *ɡʷeːŋʔ |
Character composed by the radical of the earth (土) and 冋 as a phonetical component; the latter component also points to the concept of "territory, area".

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiōng (jiong$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwing$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyong
*** Wade–Giles: chiung$^1$
*** Yale: jyūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiong
*** Palladius: цзюн (czjun)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwing$^1$
*** Yale: gwīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɪŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: kweng
Rime :
| Character | 坰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 青 (126) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 古螢切 |
| Baxter | kweng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kweŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʷeŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuɛŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwɛjŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /kueŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /kiweŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kiweŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gwing$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷˤeŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʷeːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 坰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiōng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kweng › |
| Old Chinese | /*kʷˁeŋ/ |
| English | region distant from capital |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 坰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6897 |
| Phonetic component | 冋 |
| Rime group | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 扃 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʷeːŋ/ |

### Definitions

坰
* Alternative form of 冂 (jiōng, “city outskirts”)

### Compounds

* 坰牧
* 坰野
* 郊坰 (jiāojiōng)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* wilds

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): けい (kei)、きょう (kyō)

## Korean
### Hanja

坰 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng)
* field
* borderland, vicinity

## Vietnamese
### Han character

坰: Hán Nôm readings: quynh
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation