# 詔書
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhàoshū
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄠˋ ㄕㄨ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ziu$^3$ syu$^1$ / ziu$^6$ syu$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): seu-sû
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiàu-chir / chiàu-su / chiàu-si / chiàu-chu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhàoshū
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄠˋ ㄕㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhàoshu
*** Wade–Giles: chao$^4$-shu$^1$
*** Yale: jàu-shū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jawshu
*** Palladius: чжаошу (čžaošu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$召書／召书 詔書／诏书
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ziu$^3$ syu$^1$ / ziu$^6$ syu$^1$
*** Yale: jiu syū / jiuh syū
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dziu$^3$ sy$^1$ / dziu$^6$ sy$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jiu$^3$ xu$^1$ / jiu$^6$ xu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːu̯³³ syː⁵⁵/, /t͡siːu̯²² syː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: seu-sû
*** Hakka Romanization System: seu su$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: seu$^4$ su$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /seu̯⁵⁵ su²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàu-chir
*** Tâi-lô: tsiàu-tsir
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡sɯ³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàu-su
*** Tâi-lô: tsiàu-su
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciaosw
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siau²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siau²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siau¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàu-si
*** Tâi-lô: tsiàu-si
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciaosy
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siau²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiàu-chu
*** Tâi-lô: tsiàu-tsu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciaozw
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siau¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siau²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡su⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: tsyewH syo
Rime :
| Character | 詔 | 書 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 之少切 | 傷魚切 |
| Baxter | tsyewH | syo |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕiᴇu$^H$/ | /ɕɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiɛu$^H$/ | /ɕiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕjæu$^H$/ | /ɕiɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ciaw$^H$/ | /ɕɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiɛu$^H$/ | /ɕiɔ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭɛu$^H$/ | /ɕĭo/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ɛu$^H$/ | /ɕi̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhào | shū |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ziu$^3$ | syu$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*taw-s s-ta/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjews hlja/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 詔 | 書 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhào | shū |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyew$^H$ › | ‹ syo › |
| Old Chinese | /*taw-s/ | /*s-ta/ |
| English | tell, announce | write |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 詔 | 書 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 2133 | 17013 |
| Phonetic component | 刀 | 者 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 沼 | 書 |
| Old Chinese | /*tjews/ | /*hlja/ |

### Noun

詔書
* (historical) imperial edict (Classifier: 道 m)

#### Synonyms

* 上諭／上谕 (shàngyù)
* 制誥／制诰 (zhìgào)
* 大命 (dàmìng)
* 敕令 (chìlìng)
* 敕命 (chìmìng)
* 敕書／敕书 (chìshū)
* 旨意 (zhǐyì)
* 欽命／钦命 (qīnmìng)
* 聖旨／圣旨 (shèngzhǐ)
* 詔令／诏令 (zhàolìng)
* 詔旨／诏旨 (zhàozhǐ)

### References

* (Hokkien)
** 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “詔書”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
** 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “詔書”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
** 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “詔書”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
** 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “詔書”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 詔 | 書 |
| しょう Grade: S | しょ Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しょーしょ [shòóshó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕo̞ːɕo̞]

### Noun

詔(しょう)書(しょ) • (shōsho)
* imperial edict

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ “詔書”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 詔 | 書 |

### Noun

詔書 • (joseo) (hangeul 조서)
* hanja form of 조서 (“imperial edict”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 詔 | 書 |

### Noun

詔書
* chữ Hán form of chiếu thư (“imperial edict”).