# هلال
## Arabic
### Etymology

Cognate with Hebrew ה־ל־ל (“Forming words relating to being clear and shining”, root) and Ugaritic 𐎅𐎍𐎍 (hll).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hi.laːl/

### Noun

هِلَال • (hilāl) m (plural أَهِلَّة (ʔahilla))
* crescent, crescent moon
** 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:189:يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلْأَهِلَّةِ ۖ قُلْ هِيَ مَوَاقِيتُ لِلنَّاسِ وَٱلْحَجِّ ۗ وَلَيْسَ ٱلْبِرُّ بِأَن تَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِن ظُهُورِهَا وَلَٰكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰ ۗ وَأْتُوا ٱلْبُيُوتَ مِنْ أَبْوَابِهَا ۚ وَٱتَّقُوا ٱللّٰهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَyasʔalūnaka ʕani l-ʔahillati qul hiya mawāqītu li-n-nāsi wa-lḥajji walaysa l-birru biʔan taʔtū l-buyūta min ẓuhūrihā walākinna l-birra mani ttaqā waʔtū l-buyūta min ʔabwābihā wattaqū llāha laʕallakum tufliḥūnaThey ask thee about the crescents. Say: "They are fixed seasons for mankind and for the pilgrimage". It is not righteousness that ye go to houses by the backs thereof, but the righteous man is he who wardeth off. So go to houses by the gates thereof, and observe your duty to Allah, that ye may be successful.
* moonlight, glow, aura

#### Derived terms

* الْهِلَال الْخَصِيب (al-hilāl al-ḵaṣīb, “Fertile Crescent”)
* اَلْهِلَال الْأَحْمَر (al-hilāl al-ʔaḥmar, “Red Crescent”)

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: hilal
* → English: hilal
* → Ottoman Turkish: هلال
** Turkish: hilal, Hilâl
* → Persian: هلال (helâl)
** → Bengali: হেলাল (helal)
** → Hindustani:
    Hindi: हिलाल (hilāl)
    Urdu: ہِلال (hilāl)
** → Punjabi: hilāl
    Gurmukhi script: ਹਿਲਾਲ
    Shahmukhi script: ہِلال
** → Sindhi:
    Arabic script: هِلالُ
    Devanagari script: हिलाल
* → Polish: hilal
* → Swahili: hilali
* → Uzbek: hilol

### Proper noun

هِلَال • (hilāl) ?
* a surname

### Anagrams

* اللّٰه (allāh)

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic هِلَال (hilāl, “crescent, crescent moon”).

### Noun

هلال • (hilal) (definite accusative هلالی (hilali), plural اهله (ehille))
* crescent, the figure of the moon as it appears between its first or last quarter and the new moon
    Synonym: ماهچه (mahçe)
* (anatomy) lunula, the crescent-shaped whitish or pale area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail

#### Derived terms

* هلال ابرو (hilal ebru, “crescent-eyebrowed”)
* هلال احمر (hilal-i ahmer, “Red Crescent”)
* هلال اوتی (hilal otu, “buck's-horn plantain”)
* هلالواری (hilalvari, “after the fashion of a crescent”)
* هلالی (hilalî, “crescent-shaped”)
* هلالیه (hilaliye, “common celandine”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: hilal, Hilâl

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “hilal1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1965
* Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “hilâl”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 441
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “هلال”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 1325
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Luna nascens”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 981
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “هلال”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 5482
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “hilal”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “هلال”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2167

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic هِلَال (hilāl).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [hi.ˈlɑːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [hɪ.lɑ́ːl]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [hɪ.lɑ́ːl]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɪ.lɑ́ːl]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔi.lɔ́ːl̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [he.lɒ́ːl̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [hi.lɔ́l]

### Noun

هلال • (helâl)
* crescent

#### Descendants

* → Bengali: হেলাল (helal)
* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: हिलाल (hilāl)
    Urdu: ہِلال (hilāl)
* → Punjabi: hilāl
    Gurmukhi script: ਹਿਲਾਲ
    Shahmukhi script: ہِلال
* → Sindhi:
    Arabic script: هِلالُ
    Devanagari script: हिलाल

### Anagrams

* الله

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* ه ل ل
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic هِلَال (hilāl).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hi.laːl/, [hiˈlæːl]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Noun

هلال • (hilāl) m
* new moon
* crescent