# 蕁

| 蕁 | U+8541, &#34113; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8541 |
| ← 蕀 [U+8540] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蕂 → [U+8542] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蕁 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+12, 18 strokes, cangjie input 廿尸一戈 (TSMI), four-corner 4434$_6$, composition ⿱艹尋)

#### Derived characters

* 𤃂, 𧂇, 𧂗

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1056, character 26
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31899
* Dae Jaweon: page 1519, character 22
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3297, character 10
* Unihan data for U+8541

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 蕁
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 襑 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ, *ljum |
| 憳 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
| 蕁 | *l'uːm |
| 撏 | *zluːm, *ɦljom, *ljum |
| 燖 | *ljom, *ljum |
| 尋 | *ljum |
| 潯 | *ljum |
| 樳 | *ljum |
| 鄩 | *ljum |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'uːm) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 尋 (OC *ljum).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tán (tan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tán
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tán
*** Wade–Giles: tʻan$^2$
*** Yale: tán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
*** Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰän³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dom
Rime :
| Character | 蕁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 徒含切 |
| Baxter | dom |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dʌm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dəm/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɒm/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dəm/ |
| Li Rong | /dᴀm/ |
| Wang Li | /dɒm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /dʱăm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taam$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'uːm/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蕁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14123 |
| Phonetic component | 尋 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 覃 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'uːm/ |

#### Definitions

蕁
* Alternative name for 知母 (zhīmǔ, “Anemarrhena asphodeloides”).

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qián, xún
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢˊ, ㄒㄩㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cam$^4$ / cim$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sing$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qián
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cián
*** Wade–Giles: chʻien$^2$
*** Yale: chyán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyan
*** Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xún
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syún
*** Wade–Giles: hsün$^2$
*** Yale: syún
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyun
*** Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕyn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cam$^4$ / cim$^4$
*** Yale: chàhm / chìhm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsam$^4$ / tsim$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cem$^4$ / qim$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐm²¹/, /t͡sʰiːm²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: sing$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬiŋ¹³/

#### Definitions

蕁
* Only used in 蕁麻／荨麻 (qiánmá) and 蕁麻疹／荨麻疹 (xúnmázhěn).

#### Compounds

* 蕁麻／荨麻 (qiánmá)
* 蕁麻疹／荨麻疹 (xúnmázhěn)

### References

* “蕁”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “荨”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 272.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): じん (jin)、たん (tan)
* Kun: はなすげ (hanasuge)、いら (ira, 蕁)、もずく (mozuku)

## Korean
### Hanja

蕁 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.