# Jiang
## English
### Alternative forms

* Chiang (Wade–Giles)
* Kiang

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒæŋ/, /d͡ʒi.æŋ/, /d͡ʒɒŋ/, /d͡ʒi.ɒŋ/

### Etymology 1

From Mandarin 蔣／蒋 (Jiǎng).

#### Proper noun

Jiang
* A surname from Mandarin.
** 2011 May 12, Loa Iok-sin, “Invitation to Sichuan’s governor criticized by activists”, in Taipei Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 14 May 2011, Taiwan News, page 3‎:Taiwan Friends of Tibet (TFOT) yesterday criticized former Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) chairman Wu Poh-hsiung (吳伯雄) for inviting Sichuan Province Governor Jiang Jufeng (蔣巨峰) to Taiwan, saying that Jiang was responsible for the repression and killing of Tibetan protesters during demonstrations in the province.
** 2016 December 8, Jeannette Catsoulis, “Review: You Quit? Think Again, ‘Sword Master’”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 08 December 2016‎:Third Master might be a bit of a bore, but Mr. Yee surrounds him with so many surreal landscapes and witty action sequences — a combination of computers, wires and limber spines — that you’ll hardly notice. Jiang Mengjie is spunky and sweet as a prostitute with a magpie’s eye for gold and a connoisseur’s eye for Third Master.
** 2023 March 15, Brian Murphy, “Jiang Yanyong, doctor who exposed China’s SARS coverup, dies at 91”, in The Washington Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 15 March 2023, Obituaries‎:Jiang Yanyong, a military surgeon heralded within China for exposing Beijing’s hush-up of the SARS epidemic in 2003 but who was later detained and silenced after using his renown to seek justice for the government’s Tiananmen Square crackdown, died March 11 in Beijing. He was 91. His death was reported in the Hong Kong-based South China Morning Post and by Chinese human rights activist Hu Jia, who told Western news agencies that Dr. Jiang died of pneumonia at a military hospital.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jiang.

##### Translations
### Etymology 2

From Mandarin 江 (Jiāng).

#### Proper noun

Jiang
* A surname from Mandarin.
** 1981 January 15, Bryan Johsnon, “Jiang's Fate Delays Verdict From Trial Of Chinese Radicals”, in The Washington Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 August 2017‎:Disagreement over whether to execute Mao Tse-tung's widow, Jiang Qing, has forced postponement of a special court's verdict in her trial along with others accused of misdeeds during the Cultural Revolution, according to reliable sources.
** 2017 August 23, Didi Tang, “Chinese activist Jiang Tianyong ‘confesses’ plot to overthrow the state”, in The Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 21 November 2023‎:Jiang Tianyong, 46, was arrested after working with the country’s detained human rights lawyers, questioning whether they were being tortured, speaking to foreign media and encouraging the public to protest on their behalf. Mr Jiang made the confession in a court in the southern city of Changsha and said he regretted his acts and pleaded for the chance to return to his family.
** 2022 November 30, Chris Buckley, Michael Wines, “Jiang Zemin, Leader Who Guided China Into Global Market, Dies at 96”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 30 November 2022, Asia Pacific‎:His father, Jiang Shijun, was an accountant in an electric power company and then a manager of a ferry company. His mother, Wu Yueqing, came from a farming family. Two of his uncles were activists in the Communist movement against the Nationalist government, and after one was killed in a skirmish in 1939, the young Mr. Jiang was designated the successor of the uncle’s family.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jiang.

##### Translations
### Etymology 3

From Mandarin 姜 (Jiāng).

#### Proper noun

Jiang
* A surname from Mandarin.
** 1989, Kiang Tsai-han, “Evaluation of the Nielsen Number”, in The Theory of Fixed Point Classes‎, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 55:Since the publication of our 1979 Chinese edition, there has been much progress in this theory. Refer to, for instance, the bibliography in the book by Jiang Boju (Lectures on Nielsen Fixed Point Theory, Cont. Math. ,14, Amer. Math. Soc.) or the forthcoming article by R.F. Brown (Nielsen Fixed Point Theory, in Complete Work of Jakob Nielsen (in English)).
** 1995 March 22, Philip Bowring, “In China After Deng, It Appears the Successor May Be Bureaucracy”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 21 November 2023, Opinion:The confirmation of the Shandong party secretary, Jiang Chunyun, as a deputy prime minister, drew "no" votes or abstentions from a spectacularly large 36 percent of deputies.
** 2011 March 21, Keith B. Richburg, “China, after abstaining in U.N. vote, criticizes airstrikes on Gaddafi forces”, in The Washington Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 08 January 2012, World‎:The strong-worded critical commentaries, believed to reflect official opinion, came one day after the foreign ministry spokeswoman, Jiang Yu, on Sunday said China “regrets” the start of military action in Libya.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jiang.

##### Translations
### Etymology 4

From Mandarin 強／强 (Jiàng).

#### Proper noun

Jiang
* A surname from Mandarin.
** 2020 June 18, John Pomfret, “Just like Zoom, more companies should expect political pressure from China”, in The Washington Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 19 June 2020, Global Opinions‎:Moreover, the influential legal scholar Jiang Shigong of Peking University has also accused the bank of supporting the “Five Eyes” intelligence agencies of the United States, Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand; he says HSBC constitutes a national security threat to China.
** 2020 August 2, Chris Buckley, “‘Clean Up This Mess’: The Chinese Thinkers Behind Xi’s Hard Line”, in The New York Times‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 3 August 2020, Asia Pacific‎:Several Beijing law professors earlier served as advisers to the Chinese government’s office in Hong Kong, including Jiang Shigong and Chen Duanhong, both of Peking University. They declined to be interviewed.
** 2023 October 16, Yuanyue Dang, “Chinese adviser on Hong Kong moves to ethnic minorities university”, in South China Morning Post‎, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 16 October 2023, Politics‎:Jiang Shigong is the new vice-president of Minzu University of China in Beijing, according to its website. He is also a standing member of the university’s top decision-making body, the Communist Party committee. It is unclear when Jiang was appointed to the position but the move was reported by Chinese media over the weekend.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jiang.

##### Translations
### Etymology 5

From Mandarin 絳／绛 (Jiàng).

#### Proper noun

Jiang
* A county of Yuncheng, Shanxi, China.
** 1984, Daily Report: People's Republic of China‎, numbers 128-139, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 13:It was entirely necessary for the Jiang County People's Procuratorate to bring action against Gao Yuewei and her husband at court in accordance with the law. Like Jiang County in Shanxi Province, other localities should also punish[...]
** 1998, Kate Xiao Zhou, “Markets: The Currents in the Farmer Sea”, in How the Farmers Changed China: Power of the People‎, Westview Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 90:The wholesale vegetable market in Jiang County, Shanxi Province, was formed in the following way. At first, vegetable farmers living close to the county seat gathered along the road to the county trying to sell their vegetables to truckers and passers-by.
** 2015, Wusan Dai, “Communication Technology”, in Yongxiang Lu, editor, A History of Chinese Science and Technology‎, volume 3, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 440:Jiang was the capital for the State of Jin, located in today’s Jiang County in Shanxi Province and adjacent to the Fenshui River.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Jiang.

##### Translations
#### Further reading

* Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Jiang Xian”, in The Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎, volume 2, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 1446, column 1