# 混濁
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hùnzhuó
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄓㄨㄛˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wan$^6$ zuk$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hūn-cho̍k
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hùnzhuó
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄓㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hùnjhuó
*** Wade–Giles: hun$^4$-cho$^2$
*** Yale: hwùn-jwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huennjwo
*** Palladius: хуньчжо (xunʹčžo)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ən⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wan$^6$ zuk$^6$
*** Yale: wahn juhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wan$^6$ dzuk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wen$^6$ zug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐn²² t͡sʊk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn-cho̍k
*** Tâi-lô: hūn-tso̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huxnzok
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun²²⁻²¹ t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hun²²⁻²¹ t͡sɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹⁻²² t͡sɔk̚²⁴/
* Middle Chinese: hwonX draewk
Rime :
| Character | 混 | 濁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 魂 (55) | 覺 (10) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 胡本切 | 直角切 |
| Baxter | hwonX | draewk |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuən$^X$/ | /ɖˠʌk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuon$^X$/ | /ɖᵚɔk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ȡɔk̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwən$^X$/ | /ɖaɨwk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ȡɔk̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ȡɔk̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ȡʱɔk̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hùn | zhuó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wan$^6$ | zok$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːnʔ rdoːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 濁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhuó |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dræwk › |
| Old Chinese | /*[N-tˁ]rok/ |
| English | muddy |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 混 | 濁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7536 | 11813 |
| Phonetic component | 昆 | 蜀 |
| Rime group | 文 | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 混 | 濁 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡuːnʔ/ | /*rdoːɡ/ |

### Adjective

混濁
* muddy; turbid

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 渾濁, 混濁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 渾 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 渾 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 溷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 渾 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 渾 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 渾 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 渾 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 濁 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 濁 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 濁 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 渾 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 渾 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 溷 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 渾, 濁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 渾 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 醪, 醪濁 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 醪 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 醪 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 醪 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 渾 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 渾 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 渾 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 渾 |

#### Antonyms

* 明澈 (míngchè)

#### Derived terms

* 舉世混濁／举世混浊 (jǔshìhǔnzhuó)