# 清朝
## Chinese

* 清朝

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Qīngcháo
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cing$^1$ ciu$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Chhîn-chhèu
    (Hailu, HRS): cin$^ˋ$ chau
* Eastern Min (BUC): Chĭng-dièu
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Chheng-tiâu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cêng$^1$ ciou$^5$ / cêng$^1$ ciao$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Qīngcháo
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Cingcháo
*** Wade–Giles: Chʻing$^1$-chʻao$^2$
*** Yale: Chīng-cháu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chingchaur
*** Palladius: Цинчао (Cinčao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cing$^1$ ciu$^4$
*** Yale: chīng chìuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsing$^1$ tsiu$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qing$^1$ qiu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Chhîn-chhèu
*** Hakka Romanization System: qin$^ˊ$ ceu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: qin$^1$ ceu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴ t͡sʰeu̯¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: cin$^ˋ$ chau
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin⁵³ t͡ʃʰau⁵⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Chĭng-dièu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵ $^{(t-)}$nieu⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chheng-tiâu
*** Tâi-lô: Tshing-tiâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhengdiaau
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiau²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ tiau²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tiau¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cêng$^1$ ciou$^5$ / cêng$^1$ ciao$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsheng tshiôu / tsheng tshiâu
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/
* cêng1 ciou5 - Chaozhou;
* cêng1 ciao5 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang.

### Proper noun

清朝
* the Qing dynasty (1644-1911)
    清朝末年 ― Qīngcháo mònián ― in the final years of the Qing dynasty
       Míngcháo hé Qīngcháo shì zhuànkè yìshù de liǎng duàn huángjīnshíqī. [Pinyin]
       The Ming and Qing dynasties were golden periods for the art of seal cutting.

#### Synonyms

* 大清 (Dàqīng)
* 大清國／大清国 (Dà Qīngguó)
* 大清帝國／大清帝国 (Dàqīng Dìguó)
* 清 (Qīng)
* 清代 (Qīngdài)
* 清國／清国 (Qīngguó)
* 清帝國／清帝国
* 滿清／满清 (Mǎnqīng)
* 皇清 (Huángqīng)
* 韃清／鞑清 (Dáqīng) (derogatory)
* 滿清／满清 (Mǎnqīng)

#### See also

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history :
| Name | Time period | Divisions | Divisions |
| Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代) | 2070 – 1600 BCE | | |
| Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代) | 1600 – 1046 BCE | | |
| Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代) | 1046 – 256 BCE | Western Zhou 西周 | |
| Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代) | 1046 – 256 BCE | Eastern Zhou 東周／东周 | Spring and Autumn period 春秋 |
| Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代) | 1046 – 256 BCE | Eastern Zhou 東周／东周 | Warring States period 戰國／战国 |
| Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代) | 221 – 206 BCE | | |
| Han 漢／汉 (～朝, ～代) | 206 BCE – 220 C.E. | Western Han 西漢／西汉 | Western Han 西漢／西汉 |
| Xin 新 (～朝) ||
| Eastern Han 東漢／东汉 ||
| Three Kingdoms 三國／三国 | 220 – 280 C.E. | Wei 魏 | Wei 魏 |
| Shu Han 蜀漢／蜀汉 ||
| Wu 吳／吴 ||
| Jin 晉／晋 (～朝, ～代) | 265 – 420 C.E. | Western Jin 西晉／西晋 | Western Jin 西晉／西晋 |
| Eastern Jin 東晉／东晋 ||
| Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 | 420 – 589 C.E. | Northern dynasties 北朝 | Northern Wei 北魏 |
| Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 | 420 – 589 C.E. | Northern dynasties 北朝 | Western Wei 西魏 |
| Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 | 420 – 589 C.E. | Northern dynasties 北朝 | Eastern Wei 東魏／东魏 |
| Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 | 420 – 589 C.E. | Northern dynasties 北朝 | Northern Zhou 北周 |
| Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 | 420 – 589 C.E. | Northern dynasties 北朝 | Northern Qi 北齊／北齐 |
| Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 | 420 – 589 C.E. | Southern dynasties 南朝 | Liu Song 劉宋／刘宋 |
| Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 | 420 – 589 C.E. | Southern dynasties 南朝 | Southern Qi 南齊／南齐 |
| Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 | 420 – 589 C.E. | Southern dynasties 南朝 | Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代) |
| Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝 | 420 – 589 C.E. | Southern dynasties 南朝 | Chen 陳／陈 (～朝, ～代) |
| Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代) | 581 – 618 C.E. | | |
| Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代) | 618 – 907 C.E. | | |
| Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國／五代十国 | 907 – 960 C.E. | | |
| Liao 遼／辽 (～朝, ～代) | 907 – 1125 C.E. | | |
| Song 宋 (～朝, ～代) | 960 – 1279 C.E. | Northern Song 北宋 | Northern Song 北宋 |
| Southern Song 南宋 ||
| Western Xia 西夏 | 1038 – 1227 C.E. | | |
| Jin 金 (～朝, ～代) | 1115 – 1234 C.E. | | |
| Western Liao 西遼／西辽 | 1124 – 1218 C.E. | | |
| Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代) | 1271 – 1368 C.E. | | |
| Ming 明 (～朝, ～代) | 1368 – 1644 C.E. | | |
| Qing 清 (～朝, ～代) | 1636 – 1912 C.E. | | |

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 清 | 朝 |
| しん Grade: 4 | ちょう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 淸朝 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しんちょー [shíꜜǹchòò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕĩɲ̟t͡ɕo̞ː]

### Proper noun

清(しん)朝(ちょう) • (Shinchō)
* Qing dynasty

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN