# 功能
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gōngnéng
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ ㄋㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gung$^1$ nang$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kûng-nèn
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gung$^1$ nên$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): gŭng-nèng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kong-nn̂g / kong-lêng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gong$^1$ lêng$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$kon-nen$_6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gōngnéng
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ ㄋㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gongnéng
*** Wade–Giles: kung$^1$-nêng$^2$
*** Yale: gūng-néng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gongneng
*** Palladius: гуннэн (gunnɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵ nɤŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gung$^1$ nang$^4$
*** Yale: gūng nàhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gung$^1$ nang$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gung$^1$ neng$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʊŋ⁵⁵ nɐŋ²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûng-nèn
*** Hakka Romanization System: gung$^ˊ$ nen$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gung$^1$ nen$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kuŋ²⁴ nen¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gung$^1$ nên$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʊŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ nɛn¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gŭng-nèng
*** Sinological IPA : /kuŋ⁵⁵ nˡɛiŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong-nn̂g
*** Tâi-lô: kong-nn̂g
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kongnngg
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ³³ nŋ̍²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kong-lêng
*** Tâi-lô: kong-lîng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kongleeng
*** IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gong$^1$ lêng$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kong lêng
*** Sinological IPA : /koŋ³³⁻²³ leŋ⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$kon-nen$_6$
*** MiniDict: kon$^平$ nen$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$kon-nen$_3$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koŋ⁵⁵ nən²¹/

### Noun

功能
* function; feature; capability; competence
    腎功能／肾功能 ― shèn gōngnéng ― kidney function
    認知功能／认知功能 ― rènzhī gōngnéng ― cognitive function
    非功能測試／非功能测试 ― fēi gōngnéng cèshì ― non-functional testing
    降噪功能 ― jiàngzào gōngnéng ― noise reduction function
    非首都功能 ― fēi shǒudū gōngnéng ― non-capital functions
       Wǒmen zhèngzài zēngjiā yīxiē xīn gōngnéng zhì Windows. [Pinyin]
       We’re in the process of adding some new features to Windows.
       Dòngwù de wěiba yǒu shénme gōngnéng? [Pinyin]
       What are the functions of an animal’s tail?
       Zhè liǎng tái bǐjìběn suīrán wàixíng hěn xiàng, dànshì gōngnéng shàng què chābié hěn dà. [Pinyin]
       Although these two notebooks look very similar, their functions are quite different.

#### Synonyms

* 作用 (zuòyòng)
* 力 (lì) (literary, or in compounds)
* 性能 (xìngnéng)
* 機能／机能 (jīnéng)
* 職能／职能 (zhínéng)

#### Derived terms

* 傳播功能／传播功能 (chuánbō gōngnéng)
* 功能團體／功能团体 (gōngnéng tuántǐ)
* 功能性 (gōngnéngxìng)
* 功能手機／功能手机 (gōngnéng shǒujī)
* 功能機／功能机 (gōngnéngjī)
* 功能界別／功能界别 (gōngnéng jièbié)
* 功能翻譯理論／功能翻译理论 (gōngnéng fānyì lǐlùn)
* 功能障礙／功能障碍 (gōngnéng zhàng'ài)
* 多功能 (duōgōngnéng)
* 性功能 (xìnggōngnéng)
* 特異功能／特异功能 (tèyì gōngnéng)
* 肝功能 (gāngōngnéng)
* 肺功能 (fèigōngnéng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 功(こう)能(のう) (kōnō); 功(く)能(のう) (kunō)
* → Korean: 공능(功能) (gongneung)
* → Vietnamese: công năng (功能)

#### See also

* 功效 (gōngxiào)

### Further reading

* Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “功能” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].