# मूर्धन्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* মূৰ্ধন্ (Assamese script)
* ᬫᬹᬃᬥᬦ᭄ (Balinese script)
* মূর্ধন্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰦𑰳𑰨𑰿𑰠𑰡𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀫𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀥𑀦𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* မူရ်္ဓန် (Burmese script)
* મૂર્ધન્ (Gujarati script)
* ਮੂਰ੍ਧਨ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌮𑍂𑌰𑍍𑌧𑌨𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦩꦹꦂꦣꦤ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂧𑂴𑂩𑂹𑂡𑂢𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಮೂರ್ಧೝ (Kannada script)
* មូធ៌ន៑ (Khmer script)
* ມູຣ຺ຘນ຺ (Lao script)
* മൂര്ധന് (Malayalam script)
* ᠮᡠᡠᡵᢡᠠᠨ (Manchu script)
* 𑘦𑘴𑘨𑘿𑘠𑘡𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠮᠤᠤᠷᢑᠾᠠᠨ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧆𑧕𑧈𑧠𑧀𑧁𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐩𑐹𑐬𑑂𑐢𑐣𑑂 (Newa script)
* ମୂର୍ଧନ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢪꢹꢬ꣄ꢤꢥ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆩𑆷𑆫𑇀𑆣𑆤𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖦𑖳𑖨𑖿𑖠𑖡𑖿 (Siddham script)
* මූර්‍ධන් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩴𑩒𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩮𑩯 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚢𑚱𑚤𑚶𑚜𑚝𑚶 (Takri script)
* மூர்த⁴ந் (Tamil script)
* మూర్ధౝ (Telugu script)
* มูรฺธนฺ (Thai script)
* མཱུ་རྡྷ་ན྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒧𑒴𑒩𑓂𑒡𑒢𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨢𑨃𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨜𑨝𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *mr̥Hdʰā́, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥Hdʰā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ. Cognate with Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (kamər$^ə$δa, “head”), Old English molda, Tocharian A malto (“firstly”), and perhaps Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “high (of trees)”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /muːɾ.dʱɐ́n/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈmuːɾ.d̪ʱɐn̪/

### Noun

मूर्धन् • (mūrdhán) stem, m
* the forehead, skull, head
* (figurative) the top of something, apex, summit; beginning, first
* (geometry) the base
* (linguistics) the roof/top of the palate
* (Buddhism) a state of exaltation

#### Derived terms

* मूर्धन्य (mūrdhanya, “retroflex”)

#### Descendants

* Dardic:
** Chilisso: [script needed] (mudə)
** Grangali: [script needed] (mūndə, “neck”)
** Kalasha: mọn
** Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (muda, “upwards”)
** Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (mundā)
* Helu Prakrit:
** Sinhalese: මුදුන (muduna)
* Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (muḍḍha), 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (muddha)
** Assamese: মূধ (mudh, “ridge of the roof”)
** Old Bengali: মোঢ (moḍha)
*** Middle Bengali: মোঢ় (mōṛh)
**** Bengali: মোড় (mōṛ, “roadhead”)
**** Bengali: মউড়া (mouṛa, “forefront”)
**** Bengali: মুড়ো (muṛō, “terminal”)
** Bihari: मूढ (mūṛh, “root of sugarcane”)
*** Maithili: मुड (mūṛ)
** Odia: ମୁଣ୍ଡ (muṇḍa)
* Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (muḍḍha), 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (muddha)
** Marathi: मुंढी (muṇḍhī)
* Pali: muddhan
* Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠 (muḍḍha), 𑀫𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (muddha)
** Garhwali: मुंड (muṇḍ)
** Gujarati: મંડી (maṇḍī)
** Hindustani:
    Hindi: मुढ (muḍh)
** Kumaoni: मुंड (muṇḍ)
** Nepali: मुंड (muṇḍa)
** Punjabi: ਮੁੱਢ (muḍḍha), ਮੁੰਢ (muṇḍh)
** Sindhi: मुण्ढु (muṇḍhu), मुण्ढी f (muṇḍhī)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “मूर्धन्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 826/1.
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “mūrdhán”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 368
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 666