# ⲥⲱⲣϩ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲥⲱϩⲣ (sōhr) — Sahidic
* ⲥⲱϩⲣⲉ (sōhre) — Lycopolitan
* ⲥⲉϩⲗ⸗ (sehl⸗) — Fayyumic

### Verb

ⲥⲱⲣϩ • (sōrh) (nominal state -, pronominal state ⲥⲁϩⲣ⸗, stative ⲥⲁⲣϩ or ⲥⲣⲁϩ or ⲥⲁϩⲣ)
* (Bohairic) to sweep

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲥⲱⲣϩ sōrh | imperative | affirmative | ⲥⲱⲣϩ sōrh |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲥⲱⲣϩ štemsōrh | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀persōrh |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲥⲱⲣϩ tisōrh | ⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ ksōrh | ⲧⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ tesōrh | ϥⲥⲱⲣϩ fsōrh | ⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ ssōrh | ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ tensōrh | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ tetensōrh | ⲥⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ sesōrh | ⲥⲱⲣϩ sōrh |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ eisōrh | ⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ eksōrh | ⲉⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ eresōrh | ⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ efsōrh | ⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ essōrh | ⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ensōrh | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ eretensōrh | ⲉⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ eusōrh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ ere- sōrh |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲥⲱⲣϩ etisōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ eteksōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ etesōrh | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ etefsōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ etessōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etensōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etetensōrh | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ etousōrh | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ ete- sōrh |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ naisōrh | ⲛⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ naksōrh | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ naresōrh | ⲛⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ nafsōrh | ⲛⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ nassōrh | ⲛⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ nansōrh | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ naretensōrh | ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ nausōrh | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ nare- sōrh |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ aisōrh | ⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ aksōrh | ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ aresōrh | ⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ afsōrh | ⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ assōrh | ⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ansōrh | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ aretensōrh | ⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ ausōrh | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ are- sōrh |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ tinasōrh | ⲭⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ khnasōrh | ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ terasōrh | ϥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ fnasōrh | ⲥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ snasōrh | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ tennasōrh | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ tetennasōrh | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ senasōrh | ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ nasōrh |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ einasōrh | ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ ekhnasōrh | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ erenasōrh | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ efnasōrh | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ esnasōrh | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ ennasōrh | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ eretennasōrh | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ eunasōrh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ ere- nasōrh |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ etinasōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ etekhnasōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ etenasōrh | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ etefnasōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ etesnasōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ etennasōrh | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ etetennasōrh | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ etounasōrh | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ ete- nasōrh |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ nainasōrh | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ nakhnasōrh | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ narenasōrh | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ nafnasōrh | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ nasnasōrh | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ nannasōrh | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ naretennasōrh | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ naunasōrh | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ nare- nasōrh |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ ainasōrh | ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ akhnasōrh | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ arenasōrh | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ afnasōrh | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ asnasōrh | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ annasōrh | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ aretennasōrh | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ aunasōrh | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ are- nasōrh |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ aisōrh | ⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ aksōrh | ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ aresōrh | ⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ afsōrh | ⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ assōrh | ⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ansōrh | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ atetensōrh | ⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ ausōrh | ⲁ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ a- sōrh |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pisōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀peksōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pesōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pefsōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pessōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pensōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀petensōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pousōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pe- sōrh |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ eaisōrh | ⲉⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ eaksōrh | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ earesōrh | ⲉⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ eafsōrh | ⲉⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ eassōrh | ⲉⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ eansōrh | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ eatetensōrh | ⲉⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ eausōrh | ⲉⲁ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ ea- sōrh |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pisōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀peksōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pesōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pefsōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pessōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pensōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀petensōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pousōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pe- sōrh |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ etaisōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ etaksōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ etaresōrh | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ etafsōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ etassōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etansōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etaretensōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ etausōrh | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ eta- sōrh |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pisōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀peksōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pesōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pefsōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pessōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pensōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀petensōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pousōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pe- sōrh |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ neaisōrh | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ neaksōrh | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ nearesōrh | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ neafsōrh | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ neassōrh | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ neansōrh | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ neatetensōrh | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ neausōrh | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ nea- sōrh |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ nem̀pisōrh | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ nem̀peksōrh | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ nem̀pesōrh | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ nem̀pefsōrh | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ nem̀pessōrh | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ nem̀pensōrh | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ nem̀petensōrh | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ nem̀pousōrh | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ nem̀pe- sōrh |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ etaisōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ etaksōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ etaresōrh | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ etafsōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ etassōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etansōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etaretensōrh | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ etausōrh | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ eta- sōrh |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀patisōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pateksōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀patesōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀patefsōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀patessōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀patensōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀patetensōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀patousōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pate- sōrh |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀patisōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pateksōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀patesōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀patefsōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀patessōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀patensōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀patetensōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀patousōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pate- sōrh |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀patisōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pateksōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀patesōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀patefsōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀patessōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀patensōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀patetensōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀patousōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pate- sōrh |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀patisōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀pateksōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀patesōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀patefsōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀patessōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀patensōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀patetensōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀patousōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀pate- sōrh |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ šaisōrh | ϣⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ šaksōrh | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ šaresōrh | ϣⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ šafsōrh | ϣⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ šassōrh | ϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ šansōrh | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ šatetensōrh | ϣⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ šausōrh | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ šare- sōrh |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀paisōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀paksōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀paresōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pafsōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀passōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pansōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀paretensōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pausōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀pare- sōrh |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ ešaisōrh | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ ešaksōrh | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ ešaresōrh | ⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ ešafsōrh | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ ešassōrh | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ešansōrh | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ešatetensōrh | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ ešausōrh | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ ešare- sōrh |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀paisōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀paksōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀paresōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pafsōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀passōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pansōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀paretensōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pausōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pare- sōrh |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ etšaisōrh | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ etšaksōrh | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ etšaresōrh | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ etšafsōrh | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ etšassōrh | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etšansōrh | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etšatetensōrh | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ etšausōrh | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ etšare- sōrh |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀paisōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀paksōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀paresōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pafsōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀passōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pansōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀paretensōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pausōrh | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ etm̀pare- sōrh |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ našaisōrh | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ našaksōrh | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ našaresōrh | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ našafsōrh | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ našassōrh | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ našansōrh | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ našatetensōrh | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ našausōrh | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ našare- sōrh |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀paisōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀paksōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀paresōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀pafsōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀passōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀pansōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀paretensōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀pausōrh | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ nam̀pare- sōrh |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀paisōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀paksōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀paresōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pafsōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀passōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pansōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀paretensōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pausōrh | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ em̀pare- sōrh |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ eiesōrh | ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ ekesōrh | ⲉⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ eresōrh | ⲉϥⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ efesōrh | ⲉⲥⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ esesōrh | ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ enesōrh | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ eretenesōrh | ⲉⲩⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ euesōrh | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ ere- sōrh |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹnasōrh | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹneksōrh | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹnesōrh | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹnefsōrh | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹnessōrh | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹnensōrh | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹnetensōrh | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹnousōrh | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹne- sōrh |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ marisōrh | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ marefsōrh | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ maressōrh | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ marensōrh | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ marousōrh | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ mare- sōrh |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀penthrisōrh | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀penthrefsōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀penthressōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀penthrensōrh | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀penthreusōrh | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ m̀penthre- sōrh |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹtasōrh | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹteksōrh | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹtesōrh | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹtefsōrh | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹtessōrh | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹtensōrh | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹtetensōrh | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹsesōrh, ǹtousōrh | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ ǹte- sōrh |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ tarisōrh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ tareksōrh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ taresōrh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ tarefsōrh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ taressōrh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ tarensōrh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ taretensōrh | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ tarousōrh | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ tare- sōrh |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲥⲱⲣϩ šatisōrh | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ šateksōrh | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ šatesōrh | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲣϩ šatefsōrh | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ šatessōrh | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ šatensōrh | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ šatetensōrh | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ šatousōrh | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ šate- sōrh |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ aišansōrh | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ akšansōrh | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ arešansōrh | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ afšansōrh | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ asšansōrh | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ anšansōrh | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ aretenšansōrh | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ aušansōrh | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ arešan- sōrh |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲥⲱⲣϩ aisōrh | ⲁⲕⲥⲱⲣϩ aksōrh | ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲣϩ aresōrh | ⲁϥⲥⲱⲣϩ afsōrh | ⲁⲥⲥⲱⲣϩ assōrh | ⲁⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ ansōrh | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲣϩ aretensōrh | ⲁⲩⲥⲱⲣϩ ausōrh | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲱⲣϩ are- sōrh |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |

### References

* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 386
* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 175