OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# replica
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian replica, derived from Latin replicare (“to fold or bend back; to reply”). Doublet of reply and replicate.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɹɛplɪkə/
* Audio (Southern England):(file)

### Noun

replica (plural replicas or (rare) repliche)
* An exact copy.
    The statue on the museum floor is an authentic replica.
* A copy made at a smaller scale than the original.
    Coordinate term: scale model
    He collected replicas of old cars.

#### Related terms

* replicant
* replicate
* replication
* reply

#### Descendants

* → Turkish: replika

#### See also

* digital twin
* simulacrum
* simulation

### Anagrams

* caliper, earclip

## Catalan
### Verb

replica
* inflection of replicar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈrɛ.pli.ka/
* Rhymes: -ɛplika
* Hyphenation: rè‧pli‧ca

### Etymology 1

Deverbal from replicare +‎ -a.

#### Noun

replica f (plural repliche)
* reply, answer
* objection
* repetition
* replica, copy
* (television) rerun

##### Descendants

* → Crimean Tatar: replika
* → Dutch: replica
* → English: replica
* → Finnish: replika
* → French: réplique (see there for further descendants)
* → Polish: replika
* → Romanian: replică
* → Serbo-Croatian: rèplika
* → Turkish: replika

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

replica
* inflection of replicare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Anagrams

* capirle, caprile

## Latin
### Verb

replicā
* second-person singular present active imperative of replicō

### References

* replica in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁeˈpli.kɐ/ [heˈpli.kɐ]
* (Brazil) IPA: /ʁeˈpli.kɐ/ [heˈpli.kɐ]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /ʁeˈpli.kɐ/ [χeˈpli.kɐ]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /ʁeˈpli.ka/ [heˈpli.ka]
* (Portugal) IPA: /ʁɨˈpli.kɐ/
* Hyphenation: re‧pli‧ca

### Verb

replica
* inflection of replicar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Romanian
### Etymology

Borrowed from French répliquer, Latin replico, replicare.

### Verb

a replica (third-person singular present replică, past participle replicat) 1st conj.
* to replicate

#### Derived terms

* replicare

#### Related terms

* replică
* replicație

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /reˈplika/ [reˈpli.ka]
* Rhymes: -ika
* Syllabification: re‧pli‧ca

### Verb

replica
* inflection of replicar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
# 鼽嚏
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiútì
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄡˊ ㄊㄧˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiútì
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡˊ ㄊㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cióutì
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiu$^2$-tʻi$^4$
*** Yale: chyóu-tì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyoutih
*** Palladius: цюти (cjuti)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵ tʰi⁵¹/

### Verb

鼽嚏
* to have a stuffy nose and sneeze due to a cold
# 鞆

| 鞆 | U+9786, &#38790; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9786 |
| ← 鞅 [U+9785] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鞇 → [U+9787] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鞆 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+5, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿十一人月 (TJMOB), composition ⿰革丙)
* Japanese kokuji, referring to a protective equipment for Japanese archery.

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1387, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42794
* Dae Jaweon: page 1901, character 22
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 7, page 4330, character 4
* Unihan data for U+9786

## Chinese
### Etymology

Spelling pronunciation.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bǐng (bing$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄥˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bing$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bǐng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bǐng
*** Wade–Giles: ping$^3$
*** Yale: bǐng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biing
*** Palladius: бин (bin)
*** Sinological IPA : /piŋ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bing$^2$
*** Yale: bíng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bing$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bing$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɪŋ³⁵/

### Definitions

鞆
* (archery) A bracer; an arm protector worn by archers.
* Used in Japanese names and terms.

### References
## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* A protective equipment for Japanese archery, similar as a wristband, equipped on inner side of left hand.

#### Readings

* Kun: とも (tomo, 鞆)
* Nanori: つかさ (tsukasa)、とも (tomo)
# 马苏里拉
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 马苏里拉 – see 馬蘇里拉 (“mozzarella”). (This term is the simplified form of 馬蘇里拉).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 马芬
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 马芬 – see 瑪芬 (“muffin”). (This term is the simplified form of 馬芬, which is in turn a variant form of 瑪芬).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# ꕳ

| ꕳ | U+A573, &#42355; VAI SYLLABLE HOO |
| ← ꕲ [U+A572] | Vai | ꕴ → [U+A574] |

## Vai
### Syllable

ꕳ • (ho)
* The Vai syllable ho
# 鼻脓
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鼻脓 – see 鼻膿 (“nasal mucus; snot”). (This term is the simplified form of 鼻膿).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 鷹洋
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yīngyáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥ ㄧㄤˊ
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$in-yan
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yīngyáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄥ ㄧㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yingyáng
*** Wade–Giles: ying$^1$-yang$^2$
*** Yale: yīng-yáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ingyang
*** Palladius: инъян (inʺjan)
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$in-yan
*** MiniDict: in$^平$ yan
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$in-hhian
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /in⁵⁵ ɦiã²¹/

### Noun

鷹洋
* (historical) Mexican silver dollar

#### See also

* 船洋
# 鮾

| 鮾 | U+9BBE, &#39870; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BBE |
| ← 鮽 [U+9BBD] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鮿 → [U+9BBF] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鮾 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+7, 18 strokes, cangjie input 弓火月女 (NFBV), composition ⿰魚妥)
* spoiled fish meat

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1470, character 28
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46163
* Dae Jaweon: page 2003, character 17
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4692, character 6
* Unihan data for U+9BBE

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 妥 | *n̥ʰoːlʔ |
| 鵎 | *n̥ʰoːlʔ |
| 挼 | *noːl, *snuːl |
| 骽 | *n̥ʰuːlʔ |
| 脮 | *n̥ʰuːlʔ, *nuːlʔ |
| 餒 | *nuːlʔ |
| 浽 | *nuːlʔ, *snul |
| 娞 | *nuːlʔ |
| 鮾 | *nuːlʔ |
| 綏 | *snul |
| 荽 | *snul |
| 鋖 | *snɯl |
| 桵 | *njul |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): něi (nei$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄟˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): neoi$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: něi
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: něi
*** Wade–Giles: nei$^3$
*** Yale: něi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: neei
*** Palladius: нэй (nɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /neɪ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: neoi$^5$
*** Yale: néuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: noey$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nêu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /nɵy̯¹³/
* Middle Chinese: nwojX
Rime :
| Character | 鮾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 灰 (42) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 奴罪切 |
| Baxter | nwojX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /nuʌi$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /nuoi$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nuɒi$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /nwəj$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /nuᴀi$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /nuɒi$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /nuɑ̆i$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | něi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | neoi$^5$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*nuːlʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鮾 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12593 |
| Phonetic component | 妥 |
| Rime group | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 餧 |
| Old Chinese | /*nuːlʔ/ |
| Notes | 説文作餧，爾雅作餒 |

### Definitions

鮾
* (obsolete, of fish) rotten; putrid
    alt. forms: 脮, 餒／馁 (něi)

#### References

* (Cantonese) Jyutping Database (iso10646hk.net) - Cantonese Pronunciation List (Part 3), p. 246

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ない (nai)、ね (ne)
* Kan-on: だい (dai)
* Kun: くさる (kusaru, 鮾る)
# 黄み
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 黄
* き Grade: 2
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 黃み (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 黄み – see the following entry. :
| 【黄味きみ】 | [noun] yellowishness |
(This term, 黄み, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# ꯊꯣꯉꯥꯔꯦꯟ
## Manipuri
### Alternative forms

* ꯊꯣꯉꯥꯂꯦꯟ (thongaalen)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tʰoŋaɾen]

### Proper noun

ꯊꯣꯉꯥꯔꯦꯟ (thongaaren)
* (Meitei mythology) Thongaren

#### Descendants

* → English: Thongalen, Thongaren

### References

* Ayekapam Amarjeet, Dr. Chirom Rajketan Singh, Kamaljeet Chirom, Koithelakpam Meghchandra Meitei (2013) ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯩ [Manipuri Longei]‎ (in Manipuri), Imphal: Cultural Research Center Manipur, page 486
# 麝香猫
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 麝香猫 – see 麝香貓 (“civet”). (This term is the simplified form of 麝香貓).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 麝 | 香 | 猫 |
| じゃ Hyōgai | こう Grade: 4 | ねこ Grade: S |
| on'yomi | on'yomi | kun'yomi |

### Etymology

Compound of 麝(じゃ)香(こう) (jakō, “musk”) + 猫(ねこ) (neko, “cat”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) じゃこーねこ [jàkóónéꜜkò] (Nakadaka – [4])
* (Tokyo) じゃこーねこ [jàkóꜜònèkò] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [d͡ʑa̠ko̞ːne̞ko̞]

### Noun

麝(じゃ)香(こう)猫(ねこ) or 麝香猫(ジャコウネコ) • (jakōneko)
* a civet (cat-like animal)

#### Usage notes

* As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ジャコウネコ.

#### Synonyms

* 霊(れい)猫(びょう) (reibyō)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# 麝香貓咖啡
## Chinese

| | | civet | coffee |
| trad. (麝香貓咖啡) | trad. (麝香貓咖啡) | 麝香貓 | 咖啡 |
| simp. (麝香猫咖啡) | simp. (麝香猫咖啡) | 麝香猫 | 咖啡 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shèxiāngmāo kāfēi
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄤ ㄇㄠ ㄎㄚ ㄈㄟ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): se$^3$ hoeng$^1$ maau$^1$ gaa$^3$ fe$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shèxiāngmāo kāfēi
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˋ ㄒㄧㄤ ㄇㄠ ㄎㄚ ㄈㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shèsiangmao kafei
*** Wade–Giles: shê$^4$-hsiang$^1$-mao$^1$ kʻa$^1$-fei$^1$
*** Yale: shè-syāng-māu kā-fēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shehshiangmhau kafei
*** Palladius: шэсянмао кафэй (šɛsjanmao kafɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: se$^3$ hoeng$^1$ maau$^1$ gaa$^3$ fe$^1$
*** Yale: se hēung māau ga fē
*** Cantonese Pinyin: se$^3$ hoeng$^1$ maau$^1$ gaa$^3$ fe$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sé$^3$ hêng$^1$ mao$^1$ ga$^3$ fé$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɛː³³ hœːŋ⁵⁵ maːu̯⁵⁵ kaː³³ fɛː⁵⁵/

### Noun

麝香貓咖啡
* kopi luwak; civet coffee

#### Synonyms

* 貓屎咖啡／猫屎咖啡 (māoshǐ kāfēi)
# ꠙꠣꠌ
## Sylheti
### Alternative forms

* (5)

### Etymology

From Sanskrit पञ्चन् (pañcan). Cognate with Assamese পাঁচ (pãs), Bengali পাঁচ (pãc), Hindi पाँच (pā̃c), Urdu پانچ.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɸas/

### Numeral

ꠙꠣꠌ • (fas)
* five

### References

* Gwynn, Roger (2016) “fac”, in Londoni Sylheti dictionary, Part I : Sylheti-English, Middletown, DE: Acre Press.
# 감투
## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Beonyeok Bak Tongsa (飜譯朴通事 / 번역박통사), before 1517, as Middle Korean 감토.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ka̠mtʰu]
* Phonetic hangul: [감투]

### Noun

감투 • (gamtu)
* a horsehair cap worn by officials
* government post

#### Derived terms

* 감투거리 (gamtugeori)
* 감투싸움 (gamtussaum)
* 노랑감투 (noranggamtu)
# 굴종
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 屈從.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kuʎt͡ɕ͈o̞ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [굴쫑]

### Noun

굴종 • (guljong) (hanja 屈從)
* submission

#### Derived terms

* 굴종(屈從)하다 (guljonghada)
# ꦒꦸꦫꦸꦲꦒꦼꦁ
## Javanese
### Etymology

Compound of ꦒꦸꦫꦸ (guru) +‎ ꦲꦒꦼꦁ (ageng), calque of Dutch [Term?].

### Noun

ꦒꦸꦫꦸꦲꦒꦼꦁ (guru ageng)
* (polite) professor
    Synonym: profesor
# 黑客
## Chinese

* 黑客

### Etymology

Phono-semantic matching of English hacker.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hēikè
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄟ ㄎㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hak$^1$ haak$^3$ / haak$^1$ haak$^3$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): hêg$^4$ kêh$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hēikè
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄟ ㄎㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: heikè
*** Wade–Giles: hei$^1$-kʻo$^4$
*** Yale: hēi-kè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heikeh
*** Palladius: хэйкэ (xɛjkɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xeɪ̯⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hēikèr
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄟ ㄎㄜˋㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: heikèr
*** Wade–Giles: hei$^1$-kʻo$^4$-ʼrh
*** Yale: hēi-kèr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heikehl
*** Palladius: хэйкэр (xɛjkɛr)
*** Sinological IPA : /xeɪ̯⁵⁵ kʰɤɻ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hak$^1$ haak$^3$ / haak$^1$ haak$^3$
*** Yale: hāk haak / hāak haak
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hak$^7$ haak$^8$ / haak$^7$ haak$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: heg$^1$ hag$^3$ / hag$^1$ hag$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐk̚⁵ haːk̚³/, /haːk̚⁵ haːk̚³/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hêg$^4$ kêh$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hek kheh
*** Sinological IPA : /hek̚²⁻⁴ kʰeʔ²/

### Noun

黑客
* (Mainland China, Hong Kong) hacker

#### Synonyms

* (Taiwan) 駭客／骇客 (hàikè)
* (Hokkien) 烏客／乌客

#### Derived terms

* 灰客 (huīkè)
* 白客 (báikè)
* 紅客／红客 (hóngkè)
* 藍客／蓝客 (lánkè)
* 飛客／飞客 (fēikè)
* 黑客松 (hēikèsōng)
# 글쎄요
## Korean
### Etymology

글쎄 (geulsse) + —요 (-yo).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kɯɭs͈e̞jo]
* Phonetic hangul: [글쎄요]

### Interjection

글쎄요 • (geulsseyo)
* well, let me see
# ꦤꦧꦶ
## Javanese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /na.bi/
* Rhymes: -bi
* Hyphenation: na‧bi

### Etymology 1

Javanese writing system :
| Carakan | ꦤꦧꦶ |
| Pegon | نابي |
| Roman | nabi |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

ꦤꦧꦶ (nabi)
* center, navel

### Etymology 2

Javanese writing system :
| Carakan | ꦤꦧꦶ |
| Pegon | نبي |
| Roman | nabi |
Borrowed from Malay nabi, from Arabic نَبِيّ, نَبِيء (nabiyy, nabīʔ, “nabi, prophet”).

#### Noun

ꦤꦧꦶ (nabi)
* prophet
* (Islam) nabi

### Further reading

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2015) “nabi”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
# ꦤꦒꦫꦶ-​ꦧꦁꦱ
## Javanese
### Noun

ꦤꦒꦫꦶ-​ꦧꦁꦱ (nagari-​bangsa)
* nation-state
# 내국인
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 內國 + 人.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈnɛ(ː)ɡuɡin] ~ [ˈne̞(ː)ɡuɡin]
* Phonetic hangul: [내(ː)구긴/네(ː)구긴]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

내국인 • (naegugin) (hanja 內國人)
* national (of a country); local
# 놓이다
## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin. Passive form of 놓다 (nota, “to place, to cast”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [no̞ida̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [노이다]

### Verb

놓이다 • (noida) (infinitive 놓여 or 놓이어, sequential 놓이니)
* To be laid, or put

#### Derived terms

* 가로놓이다 (garonoida, “to obstruct, interrupt; (literally) to lie crosswise, traversely”)

#### Related terms

* 놓다 (nota, “to lay, put”)

#### See also

* 눕다 (nupda, “to lie down (on the back)”)
* 두다 (duda, “to lay, put”)
# 뇌물
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 賂物 (“bribe”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [nwe̞muɭ] ~ [nø̞muɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [눼물/뇌물]
| South Korean Standard Language | 뇌물(賂物) (noemul) |
| North Korean Standard Language | 뢰물(賂物) (roemul) |

### Noun

뇌물 • (noemul) (hanja 賂物)
* bribe
# ꦱꦺꦥ꧀
## Javanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch chef (“chief”), from French chef, from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sɛp/
* Rhymes: -sɛp
* Hyphenation: sèp

### Noun

ꦱꦺꦥ꧀ (sèp)
* chief

### Further reading

* “sep” in Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Jawa-Indonesia], Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta Special [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta], 2023.
# ꦱꦺꦮ
## Javanese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay sewa, from Arabic سَاوَى (sāwā, “to cost”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sewa/
* Hyphenation: sé‧wa

### Verb

ꦱꦺꦮ (séwa)
* to rent

### Further reading

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2015) “séwa”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
# 龟板
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 龟板 – see 龜板 (“plastron of the fresh-water turtle”). (This term is the simplified form of 龜板).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 龟怪
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 龟怪 – see 龜怪 (“eccentric; odd; strange”). (This term is the simplified form of 龜怪).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 달린옷
## Korean
### Etymology

From 달리다 (dallida) +‎ 옷 (ot).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ta̠ʎʎi(ː)no̞t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [달리(ː)녿]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

달린옷 • (dallinot)
* (North Korea) dress

#### Synonyms

* (South Korea) 원피스 (wonpiseu)
# 달려가다
## Korean
### Etymology

From 달려 (dallyeo), infinitive form of 달리다 (dallida, “to run”), and 가다 (gada, “to go”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ta̠ʎʎʌ̹ɡa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [달려가다]

### Verb

달려가다 • (dallyeogada) (infinitive 달려가, sequential 달려가니)
* to go in a hurry; to rush, to go running

#### Conjugation
### See also

* 달려오다 (dallyeooda)
# 노새
## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [no̞sʰɛ] ~ [no̞sʰe̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [노새/노세]

### Noun

노새 • (nosae)
* mule (animal)

#### Antonyms

* 비새 (bisae): hinny

#### See also

* 말 (mal): horse, mare; nag, pony
* 나귀 (nagwi): ass, donkey
# 산초나무
## Korean
### Etymology

산초 (sancho, “Sichuan pepper”) +‎ 나무 (namu, “tree”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰa̠ɲt͡ɕʰo̞na̠mu]
* Phonetic hangul: [산초나무]

### Noun

산초나무 • (sanchonamu) (hanja 山椒‒)
* The mastic-leaf prickly ash (Zanthoxylum schinifolium).

#### Synonyms

* 분디나무 (bundinamu)

### See also

* 초피나무 (chopinamu)
# 산초
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 山椒.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰa̠ɲt͡ɕʰo̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [산초]

### Noun

산초 • (sancho) (hanja 山椒)
* a variety of Sichuan pepper harvested from the mastic-leaf prickly ash

#### Synonyms

* 분디 (bundi)

#### Derived terms

* 산초나무 (sanchonamu, “mastic-leaf prickly ash”)
# 산티아고
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰa̠ntʰia̠ɡo̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [산티아고]

### Proper noun

산티아고 • (Santiago)
* Santiago (the capital of Chile)
# 마ᅀᆞᆫ
## Middle Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.zʌn/, [ma.zʌn]

### Numeral

마ᅀᆞᆫ〮 (màzón)
* forty, 40

#### Descendants

* Early Modern Korean: 마은 (maun), 마흔 (mahun)
** Korean: 마흔 (maheun)
** → Jeju: 마은 (ma'eun), 마흔 (maheun)
# 공수
## Korean
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈko̞(ː)ŋsʰu]
* Phonetic hangul: [공(ː)수]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

#### Noun

공수 • (gongsu) (hanja 空輸)
* air transportation
* Short for 공수부대 (gongsubudae, “airborne troops”).
    11공수 여단 서울에서 광주로 이동.11gongsu yeodan seoureseo gwangjuro idong.The 11th Airborne Brigade was deployed from Seoul to Gwangju.

### Etymology 2

Of native Korean origin.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ko̞ŋsʰu]
* Phonetic hangul: [공수]

#### Noun

공수 • (gongsu)
* (shamanism) speech uttered by a Korean shaman in a trance state, thought to be from a deity or ancestor who has possessed the shaman

##### Hyponyms

* 넋두리 (neokduri)

### Usage notes

The conventional English translation in academia is "inspired speech".
The verb 주다 (juda, “to give”) is used to refer to the god "giving" the speech to the shaman; the verb 받다 (batda, “to receive”) is used to refer to the shaman "receiving" the speech; the verb 내리다 (naerida, “to give to subordinates”) is used to refer to the shaman "giving" the god's message to the worshippers.
# 샤리아
## Korean
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَرِيعَة (šarīʕa).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɕʰa̠ɾia̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [샤리아]

### Noun

샤리아 • (syaria)
* (Islam) shari'a
# 비디오테이프
## Korean
### Etymology

From English videotape.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pidio̞tʰe̞ipʰɯ]
* Phonetic hangul: [비디오테이프]

### Noun

비디오테이프 • (bidioteipeu)
* videotape
# 성당
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 聖堂

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈsʰɘ(ː)ŋda̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [성(ː)당]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

성당 • (seongdang) (hanja 聖堂)
* Confucian temple
* church
# 볼기
## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Dongguk sinsok samgang haengsildo (東國新續三綱行實圖 / 동국신속삼강행실도), 1617, as Early Modern Korean 볼기 (Yale: pwolki).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈpo̞(ː)ɭɡi]
* Phonetic hangul: [볼(ː)기]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

볼기 • (bolgi)
* buttock, hip

#### Derived terms

* 볼기짝 (bolgijjak, “(humble, suggestive of a pair of) buttocks”)

#### See also

* 엉덩이 (eongdeong'i, “buttock”)
* 궁둥이 (gungdung'i, “bottom”)
# 연기하다
## Korean
### Etymology

연기(延期) (yeon'gi) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [jʌ̹nɡiɦa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [연기하다]

### Verb

연기하다 • (yeon'gihada) (infinitive 연기해 or 연기하여, sequential 연기하니)
* to postpone; to put off
    급한 일이 생겨 약속을 내일로 연기했다.geuphan ir-i saenggyeo yaksog-eul naeil-lo yeon'gihaetda.I postponed the appointment to tomorrow due to something urgent.
# 손해
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 損害.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈsʰo̞(ː)nɦɛ] ~ [ˈsʰo̞(ː)nɦe̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [손(ː)해/손(ː)헤]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

손해 • (sonhae) (hanja 損害)
* loss; damage
    손해를 입다/받다/보다 ― sonhae-reul ipda/batda/boda ― to suffer losses

#### Derived terms

* 손해(損害)되다 (sonhaedoeda)
* 손해금(損害金) (sonhaegeum)
* 손해비(損害費) (sonhaebi)