# 摘要
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhāiyào
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄞ ㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaak$^6$ jiu$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tiah-iàu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): diah$^4$ iao$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhāiyào
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄞ ㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhaiyào
*** Wade–Giles: chai$^1$-yao$^4$
*** Yale: jāi-yàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaiyaw
*** Palladius: чжайяо (čžajjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaak$^6$ jiu$^3$
*** Yale: jaahk yiu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaak$^9$ jiu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zag$^6$ yiu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːk̚² jiːu̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiah-iàu
*** Tâi-lô: tiah-iàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diah'iaux
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ iau²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tia(ʔ)⁵ iau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ iau²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ iau¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ iau²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: diah$^4$ iao$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiah iàu
*** Sinological IPA : /tiaʔ²⁻⁴ iau²¹³/

### Noun

摘要
* excerpt; summary; abstract

#### Synonyms

* 事由 (shìyóu) (of an official document)
* 匯總／汇总 (huìzǒng)
* 大綱／大纲 (dàgāng)
* 大要 (dàyào)
* 小結／小结 (xiǎojié)
* 提綱／提纲 (tígāng)
* 提要 (tíyào)
* 撮要 (cuōyào) (dated)
* 擇要／择要 (zéyào)
* 梗概 (gěnggài)
* 概括 (gàikuò)
* 概況／概况 (gàikuàng)
* 概略 (gàilüè)
* 概要 (gàiyào)
* 概說／概说 (gàishuō) (often used in book and chapter titles)
* 概貌 (gàimào)
* 概述 (gàishù)
* 綱要／纲要 (gāngyào)
* 綱領／纲领 (gānglǐng)
* 總結／总结 (zǒngjié)
* 總綱／总纲 (zǒnggāng)
* 要略 (yàolüè) (often used in book and chapter titles)
* 輪廓／轮廓 (lúnkuò)
* 鳥瞰／鸟瞰 (niǎokàn)

### Verb

摘要
* to summarize; to sum up

#### Synonyms

* 匯總／汇总 (huìzǒng)
* 小結／小结 (xiǎojié)
* 提要 (tíyào)
* 擇要／择要 (zéyào)
* 概括 (gàikuò)
* 概述 (gàishù)
* 歸納／归纳 (guīnà)
* 歸結／归结 (guījié)
* 總括／总括 (zǒngkuò)
* 總結／总结 (zǒngjié)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 摘要(てきよう) (tekiyō)
* → Korean: 적요(摘要) (jeogyo)
* → Vietnamese: trích yếu (摘要)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 摘 | 要 |
| てき Grade: S | よう Grade: 4 |
| kan'yōon | on'yomi |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) てきよー [tèkíyóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [te̞kʲijo̞ː]

### Noun

摘(てき)要(よう) • (tekiyō)
* excerpt; summary; abstract
    Synonyms: 概略 (gairyaku), 抜き書き (nukigaki), 抜粋 (bassui), 要約 (yōyaku)
** 1929, Torahiko Terada, Lucretius to kagaku [Lucretius and science]‎:
    それでこれを取(と)り寄(よ)せてその解(かい)説(せつ)を読(よ)むと同(どう)時(じ)に、また評(ひょう)注(ちゅう)の中(なか)の摘(てき)要(よう)をたよりにしてもう一(いち)度(ど)詳(くわ)しく読(よ)み返(かえ)してみた。しかして読(よ)めば読(よ)むほどおもしろい本(ほん)であるという考(かんが)えを深(ふか)くした。
       Sore de kore o toriyosete sono kaisetsu o yomu to dōji ni, mata hyōchū no naka no tekiyō o tayori ni shite mō ichido kuwashiku yomikaeshite mita. Shikashite yomeba yomu hodo omoshiroi hon de aru to iu kangae o fukakushita.
       So I ordered this and read the explanation, and at the same time, I read it again in detail based on the summary in the notes. And then, the more I read, it deepened my idea that this is an interesting book.

### Verb

摘(てき)要(よう)する • (tekiyō suru) transitive suru (stem 摘(てき)要(よう)し (tekiyō shi), past 摘(てき)要(よう)した (tekiyō shita))
* to summarize; to sum up
    Synonyms: 抜粋する (bassui suru), 要約する (yōyaku suru)

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 摘要し | てきようし | tekiyō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 摘要し | てきようし | tekiyō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 摘要する | てきようする | tekiyō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 摘要する | てきようする | tekiyō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 摘要すれ | てきようすれ | tekiyō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 摘要せよ¹ 摘要しろ² | てきようせよ¹ てきようしろ² | tekiyō seyo¹ tekiyō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 摘要される | てきようされる | tekiyō sareru |
| Causative | 摘要させる 摘要さす | てきようさせる てきようさす | tekiyō saseru tekiyō sasu |
| Potential | 摘要できる | てきようできる | tekiyō dekiru |
| Volitional | 摘要しよう | てきようしよう | tekiyō shiyō |
| Negative | 摘要しない | てきようしない | tekiyō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 摘要せず | てきようせず | tekiyō sezu |
| Formal | 摘要します | てきようします | tekiyō shimasu |
| Perfective | 摘要した | てきようした | tekiyō shita |
| Conjunctive | 摘要して | てきようして | tekiyō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 摘要すれば | てきようすれば | tekiyō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 摘 | 要 |

### Noun

摘要 • (jeogyo) (hangeul 적요)
* hanja form of 적요