# 吸煙
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): xīyān
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ ㄧㄢ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xi$^2$ yan$^1$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kap$^1$ jin$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khip-ian
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xīyān
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ ㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siyan
*** Wade–Giles: hsi$^1$-yen$^1$
*** Yale: syī-yān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiian
*** Palladius: сиянь (sijanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi⁵⁵ jɛn⁵⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: xi$^2$ yan$^1$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xijan
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi²¹ iɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kap$^1$ jin$^1$
*** Yale: kāp yīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kap$^7$ jin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: keb$^1$ yin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐp̚⁵ jiːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khip-ian
*** Tâi-lô: khip-ian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qip'iefn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kʰip̚³²⁻⁴ iɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰip̚⁵⁻²⁴ iɛn³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰip̚³²⁻⁵ iɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰip̚³²⁻⁴ iɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰip̚³²⁻⁴ iɛn⁴⁴/

### Verb

吸⫽煙 (verb-object)
* (intransitive) to smoke (tobacco products)
    禁止吸煙。／禁止吸烟。 ― Jìnzhǐ xīyān. ― No smoking.
    請勿吸煙。／请勿吸烟。 ― Qǐng wù xīyān. ― Thank you for not smoking.
       Zhè shì gōnggòng chǎngsuǒ, qǐng nín bùyào xīyān. [Pinyin]
       This is a public place — please do not smoke.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吸煙, 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 抽煙, 冒泡兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 抽煙 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) | 抽煙 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 抽煙 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 抽煙 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 抽煙 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 抽煙 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 抽煙 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 吃煙, 抽煙 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 吃煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 吸煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 吃煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 吃煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 吃煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 吸煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 吸煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 抽煙, 吃煙, 吸煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 抽煙, 吃煙, 吸煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 吃煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 抽煙, 吸煙, 吃煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 用煙, 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 吸煙, 抽煙 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 抽煙, 吸煙, 吃煙 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 抽煙 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 吃煙, 抽煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 吃煙, 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 吃煙, 吸煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 吸煙, 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 抽煙, 吃煙, 喝煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 吃煙, 抽煙, 吸煙, 咂煙 dated |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 抽煙, 吃煙, 咂煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 吃煙, 咂煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 抽煙, 吃煙, 咂煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 吸煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 抽煙, 吃煙, 燒煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 吃煙, 抽煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 吃煙 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 吃煙, 抽煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 吃煙, 吃香煙, 抽煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 抽煙, 吃煙, 吸煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 吃煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 吃煙, 抽煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 吃煙, 抽煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 吃煙 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Mandarin | Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) | 吃煙 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 吃煙, 燒煙 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 抽煙 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 食煙, 抽煙 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 食煙, 抽煙 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 吹煙, 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 吹煙 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 燒煙, 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 抽煙, 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 吃煙, 抽煙 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 抽煙 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 食煙 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 燒煙 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 燒煙 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 燒煙 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 燒煙 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 食煙, 燒煙, 吃煙 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 燒煙 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 吹煙 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 燒煙 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 吃煙 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 吃煙 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 吃煙 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Zengcheng (Zhengguo) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 食煙, 燒煙, 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Changting | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 食煙, 哺煙, 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 食煙, 哺煙, 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 食薰, 哺薰, 㗘薰 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 㗘煙 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 食薰, 㗘薰 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Fumian (Xisha, Xinqiao) | 燒煙 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Sihe, Hengshan) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Bobai (Cuntou, Xintian) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Mumian, Xilang) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Xingye (Gaofeng) | 食煙 |
| Hakka | Rongxian (Xiandi) | 燒煙 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 燒煙, 食煙 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 燒煙 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 㗘煙 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吃煙 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 吃煙 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 吃煙, 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 抽煙, 吃煙, 吸煙 |
| Jin | Datong | 吃煙 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 吃煙 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 抽煙, 吸煙, 吃煙 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 抽煙 |
| Jin | Linhe | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jin | Jining | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jin | Baotou | 抽煙 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 抽煙, 吃煙 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 抽煙 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 吃煙 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Jin | Handan | 抽煙, 吸煙 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 吸煙 |
| Jin | Suide | 吃煙 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 饁煙 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 饁煙酒 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 饁煙酒 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 饁煙 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Lianjiang | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Luoyuan | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Xiapu | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Zherong | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 食薰 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 食薰, 點薰, 嗍薰, 灸薰, 燒薰 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 點薰 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 食薰, 燒薰, 嗍薰, 鼿薰 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 點薰, 食薰, 燒薰 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 燒薰 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 點薰 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 燒薰 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 燒薰 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 燒薰 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 食薰, 嗍薰, 灸薰 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 點薰 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 灸薰, 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 嗍薰, 噗薰, 食薰 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 食薰, 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 食薰, 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 食薰, 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 食薰, 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 食薰, 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 食薰, 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Yongjing) | 食薰, 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 食薰, 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Miaoli (Houlong) | 嗍薰 |
| Southern Min | Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) | 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 食薰, 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 噗薰 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 嗍薰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 食薰, 燒薰, 點薰, 食薰枝, 燒薰枝 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 點薰 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 食薰, 食薰仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 食薰, 呴薰 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 食薰, 呴薰 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 食薰, 呴薰 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 食薰, 呴薰 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 食薰, 哺薰, 㗘薰, 呴薰 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 食薰, 呴薰 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 駁薰 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 食薰, 燒薰 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 食薰 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 嗍薰 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 食煙, 呴煙 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 食煙 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 食煙 |
| Southern Min | Wanning | 食煙 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 食薰 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 食薰 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 食薰 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 食薰 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 食薰 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 食薰 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 吃煙 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 食煙 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 吃煙 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Sanjie) | 吃煙 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 吃香煙 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 吃香煙 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 吃煙, 吃香煙 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 吃煙 |
| Wu | Danyang | 吃煙, 吃香煙 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 吃煙 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 吃香煙 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 吃香煙, 吃煙 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 吃煙 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吃煙 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 吃煙 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 吃煙 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 吃煙 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 喝煙 |

#### Derived terms

* 吸煙室／吸烟室 (xīyānshì)
* 吸煙者／吸烟者 (xīyānzhě)
* 禁止吸煙／禁止吸烟 (jìnzhǐ xīyān)
* 被動吸煙／被动吸烟 (bèidòng xīyān)

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 吸 | 煙 |

### Noun

吸煙 • (heubyeon) (hangeul 흡연)
* hanja form of 흡연 (“smoking”)