# 何如
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hérú
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄖㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ho$^4$ jyu$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): ǒ̤-ṳ̌
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hor$^2$ zy$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hô-jû
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$wu-zy
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hérú
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄖㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hérú
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^2$-ju$^2$
*** Yale: hé-rú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: herru
*** Palladius: хэжу (xɛžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ³⁵ ʐu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ho$^4$ jyu$^4$
*** Yale: hòh yùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ho$^4$ jy$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ho$^4$ yu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔː²¹ jyː²¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǒ̤-ṳ̌
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔ²¹ y²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hor$^2$ zy$^2$ [Phonetic: hor$^5$ zy$^2$]
*** Sinological IPA : /hɒ¹³⁻²¹ t͡sy¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô-jû
*** Tâi-lô: hô-jû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoijuu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³⁻³³ zu²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴⁻¹¹ d͡zu²⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$wu-zy
*** MiniDict: wu$^去$ zy
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhu-zr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦu²² zz̩⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: ha nyo
Rime :
| Character | 何 | 如 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 歌 (94) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 胡歌切 | 人諸切 |
| Baxter | ha | nyo |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦɑ/ | /ȵɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦɑ/ | /ȵiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɑ/ | /ȵʑiɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦa/ | /ȵɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɑ/ | /ȵiɔ/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɑ/ | /ȵʑĭo/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣɑ/ | /ȵʑi̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hé | rú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ho$^4$ | jyu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤaj na/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːl nja/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 何 | 如 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hé | rú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ha › | ‹ nyo › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁaj/ | /*na/ |
| English | what | as, like, if |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 何 | 如 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| No. | 7458 | 9623 |
| Phonetic component | 可 | 女 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 何 | 如 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaːl/ | /*nja/ |

### Adverb

何如
* (archaic or Northern Min) how; what; in what way

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 如何, 何以, 若何 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 如何, 怎樣 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 怎麼樣兒, 怎樣兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 怎麼樣, 怎樣, 如何 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 怎麼樣, 怎樣, 如何 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 怎麼樣, 怎樣, 如何 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 怎麼樣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 咋樣兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 咋個樣, 咋個樣子, 啷個樣, 啷個樣子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 麼樣, 麼樣子, 哪樣, 哪樣子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 啷子樣 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 怎們樣, 哪一個樣, 哪一個樣子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 怎樣 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 點樣, 點 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 點樣, 點 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 點樣, 點 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 點樣, 點樣做 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 點 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 點子 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huancheng) | 點子 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nanlang) | 點子 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Xiaolan) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Henglan) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Dongfeng) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Nantou) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Fusha) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shalang) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Gangkou) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Huangpu) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Minzhong) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Banfu) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Tanzhou) | 點, 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 點樣 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 點 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 幾何 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 點樣, 點 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 啷樣, 啷 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 仰般, 仰仔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 仰般, 仰仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 仰仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 仰般 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 仰脣, 仰 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 仰般, 仰般形 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 仰子 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 咋, 咋底 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 何如, 何如事 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 將樣, 蔣樣, 蔣其 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 按怎, 怎樣, 啥款 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 障仔, 怎樣, 按怎, 啥款 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 按怎, 怎樣, 啥款 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 按怎, 怎仔樣, 怎樣仔, 啥款 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 按怎 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 按怎 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 障仔, 怎樣 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 在生樣, 乜生樣, 做呢 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 在生 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 在生, 在生樣 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 做呢, 做呢樣 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 做呢, 在生 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 哪, 哪樣 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 哪能, 哪能介, 哪能樣子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 捺亨 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 訾那, 訾那能 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 何是, 何裡 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 麼家 |

### Conjunction

何如
* (archaic) it would be better to; might as well; let's

#### Synonyms

* 不如 (bùrú)
* (literary) 莫若 (mòruò)
* (literary) 莫如 (mòrú)

### References

* 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “何如”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎ (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC
* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “何如”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 272.