# 開心
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kāixīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄞ ㄒㄧㄣ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): hoi$^1$ sam$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hoi$^1$ lhim$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): khai-sim / khui-sim
    (Teochew, Peng'im): kai$^1$ sim$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$khe-shin$_1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kāixīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄞ ㄒㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kaisin
*** Wade–Giles: kʻai$^1$-hsin$^1$
*** Yale: kāi-syīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaishin
*** Palladius: кайсинь (kajsinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hoi$^1$ sam$^1$
*** Yale: hōi sām
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoi$^1$ sam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hoi$^1$ sem$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːi̯⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hoi$^1$ lhim$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hᵘɔi³³ ɬim³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khai-sim
*** Tâi-lô: khai-sim
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qaisym
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰai⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰai³³ sim³³/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khui-sim
*** Tâi-lô: khui-sim
*** Phofsit Daibuun: quisym
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: kai$^1$ sim$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khai sim
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰai³³⁻²³ sim³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$khe-shin$_1$
*** MiniDict: khe$^平$ shin$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$khe-xin$_1$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰe⁵⁵ ɕin²¹/
* Middle Chinese: khoj sim
Rime :
| Character | 開 | 心 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 咍 (41) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 苦哀切 | 息林切 |
| Baxter | khoj | sim |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰʌi/ | /siɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰəi/ | /sim/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɒi/ | /sjem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰəj/ | /sim/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰᴀi/ | /siəm/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰɒi/ | /sĭĕm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kʰɑ̆i/ | /si̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kāi | xīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hoi$^1$ | sam$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʰˤəj səm/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯːl slɯm/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 開 | 心 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kāi | xīn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khoj › | ‹ sim › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ʰˁəj/ | /*səm/ |
| English | to open (v.t.) | heart |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 開 | 心 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7348 | 13801 |
| Phonetic component | 開 | 心 |
| Rime group | 微 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 開 | 心 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰɯːl/ | /*slɯm/ |

### Adjective

開心
* happy; delighted
       Wǒ jīntiān guò de hěn kāixīn. [Pinyin]
       I had a great time today.

#### Synonyms

* 和樂／和乐 (hélè) (happy and harmonious)
* 喜悅／喜悦 (xǐyuè) (formal)
* 喜樂／喜乐 (xǐlè)
* 喜歡／喜欢
* 喜滋滋 (xǐzīzī)
* 喜躍／喜跃 (xǐyuè) (formal)
* 夷悅／夷悦 (yíyuè) (literary)
* 夷愉 (yíyú) (literary, happy and harmonious)
* 安樂／安乐 (ānlè) (peaceful and happy)
* 康樂／康乐 (kānglè) (literary, peaceful and happy)
* 忻悅／忻悦 (xīnyuè) (literary)
* 快意 (kuàiyì)
* 快樂／快乐 (kuàilè)
* 快活 (kuàihuo)
* 怡悅／怡悦 (yíyuè) (literary)
* 悅意／悦意 (yuèyì)
* 悅懌／悦怿 (yuèyì) (literary)
* 愉快
* 愉悅／愉悦 (yúyuè)
* 暢快／畅快 (chàngkuài)
* 樂滋滋／乐滋滋 (lèzīzī)
* 欣喜 (xīnxǐ)
* 欣忭 (xīnbiàn) (literary)
* 欣悅／欣悦 (xīnyuè)
* 歡喜／欢喜 (huānxǐ)
* 歡娛／欢娱 (huānyú) (literary)
* 歡快／欢快 (huānkuài)
* 歡悅／欢悦 (huānyuè) (literary)
* 歡愉／欢愉 (huānyú) (literary)
* 歡暢／欢畅 (huānchàng)
* 歡樂／欢乐 (huānlè)
* 歡躍／欢跃 (huānyuè) (formal)
* 爽 (shuǎng)
* 爽神 (shuǎngshén) (literary or Southern Min)
* 痛快 (tòngkuài)
* 舒暢／舒畅 (shūchàng)
* 高興／高兴 (gāoxìng)

#### Derived terms

* 你開心就好／你开心就好 (nǐ kāixīn jiù hǎo)
* 窮開心／穷开心
* 開心果／开心果 (kāixīnguǒ)
* 開開心心／开开心心 (kāikāixīnxīn)

#### See also

* 幸福 (xìngfú)

### Verb

開心
* (literary) to open up the mind; to enlighten the mind
* to make fun of (someone)
    別拿我尋開心！／别拿我寻开心！ ― Bié ná wǒ xún kāixīn! ― Don't make fun of me!

#### Synonyms

* (to make fun of):
* 作弄 (zuònòng)
* 僝僽 (chánzhòu) (literary)
* 刺 (literary, or in compounds)
* 刺溪 (chié-*kă̤) (Eastern Min)
* 創弄／创弄 (Hokkien)
* 創景／创景 (Hokkien)
* 創治／创治 (chhòng-tī) (Hokkien)
* 剾損／𠛅损 (Hokkien)
* 剾洗／𠛅洗 (khau-sé) (Hokkien)
* 剾洗／𠛅洗 (Hokkien)
* 剾褻／𠛅亵 (Hokkien)
* 𠢕滾／𠢕滚 (Hokkien)
* 取樂／取乐 (qǔlè)
* 取笑 (qǔxiào)
* 呾笑話／呾笑话 (dan$^3$ cio$^3$ uê$^7$) (Teochew)
* 呾耍笑 (Teochew)
* 嗤笑 (chīxiào)
* 嘲弄 (cháonòng)
* 嘲笑 (cháoxiào)
* 嘲訕／嘲讪 (cháoshàn)
* 嘲諷／嘲讽 (cháofěng)
* 嘲謔／嘲谑 (cháoxuè)
* 奚落 (xīluò)
* 尋開心／寻开心 (Wu)
* 巴銳／巴锐 (Hokkien)
* 恥笑／耻笑 (chǐxiào)
* 戲弄／戏弄 (xìnòng)
* 戲謔／戏谑 (xìxuè)
* 挖苦 (wākǔ)
* 捉弄 (zhuōnòng)
* 損／损 (sǔn) (colloquial)
* 撩 (Hakka)
* 撚化 (nan$^2$ faa$^3$) (Cantonese)
* 撮弄 (cuōnòng) (literary)
* 擺弄／摆弄
* 消遣 (xiāoqiǎn)
* 湊趣／凑趣 (còuqù)
* 𤊶人 (Hakka)
* 玩 (colloquial)
* 玩弄
* 笑 (xiào)
* 笑話／笑话 (xiàohuà)
* 耍 (shuǎ)
* 耍弄 (shuǎnòng)
* 耍忽 (sua$^2$ huah$^4$) (Jin)
* 落八 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 見笑／见笑 (jiànxiào)
* 訕笑／讪笑 (shànxiào)
* 詼謔／诙谑 (huīxuè)
* 說風涼話／说风凉话 (shuō fēngliánghuà)
* 調笑／调笑 (tiáoxiào)
* 諦／谛 (dai$^3$) (Cantonese)
* 諷刺／讽刺 (fěngcì)
* 謔潲／谑潲 (Hokkien)
* 謔燒／谑烧 (Hokkien)
* 講笑／讲笑 (Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien)
* 講耍笑／讲耍笑 (Hokkien)
* 譏刺／讥刺 (jīcì)
* 譏嘲／讥嘲 (jīcháo)
* 譏笑／讥笑 (jīxiào)
* 譏誚／讥诮 (jīqiào) (literary)
* 譏諷／讥讽 (jīfěng)
* 變弄／变弄 (Hokkien)
* 𧮙 (Wu)
* 起鬨／起哄 (qǐhòng)
* 輕體／轻体 (Hokkien)
* 逗 (dòu)
* 逗弄
* 鄙笑 (Hokkien)
* 酸笑 (Hokkien)
* 鈍／钝 (Wu)
* 開涮／开涮 (kāishuàn) (colloquial)
* 開玩笑／开玩笑 (kāi wánxiào)
* 鬧玩笑／闹玩笑 (nào wánxiào)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 開玩笑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 開玩笑, 打哈哈 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 開玩笑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 開玩笑 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 開哏 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 開玩笑, 打哈哈 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 開玩笑 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 涮罈子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 科心, 科德行, 鬥散放 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 講笑 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 尋開心 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 開心 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 開心, 開玩笑 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 講笑 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 講笑 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 講笑 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 攪笑 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 講笑 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 開玩笑 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 講笑 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 講笑, 開玩笑 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 耍笑, 開玩笑 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 𡛴, 𡛴嬉 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 講笑, 蠻笑, 做暢 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 滾笑, 講笑, 嘩, 摽, 摽笑 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 咧 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 滾笑, 講笑, 嘩, 摽, 摽笑 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 滾笑, 講笑, 𠢕滾, 戲謔, 嘩, 摽, 摽笑 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 講摽笑 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 滾笑 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 講笑詼 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 講耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 滾笑, 滾耍笑, 講耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 講耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 滾笑 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 𠢕滾, 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 滾笑, 講笑, 講耍笑, 耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 摽, 摽笑, 滾笑, 講笑 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 呾耍笑 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 呾耍 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 呾耍 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 呾耍笑, 呾相耍, 呾耍 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 呾耍笑, 呾耍, 呾笑 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 講笑 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 講笑 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 尋開心, 開玩笑, 打棚, 摟白相, 話白相, 講白相 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 尋開心 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 尋開心, 打棚, 摟白相, 捉弄, 弄白相, 講白相, 講張 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 尋開心 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 尋開心 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 講笑, 講取笑 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 鬥霸, 鬥放子, 講笑 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 鬥散放, 打豪 |

#### Derived terms

* 尋開心／寻开心 (xúnkāixīn)
* 開心斧／开心斧
* 開心見膽／开心见胆
* 開心見誠／开心见诚

#### See also

* 關心／关心 (guānxīn)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 開 | 心 |

### Verb

開心
* chữ Hán form of khai tâm (“to initiate”).