# 混一
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hùnyī
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄧ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wan$^6$ jat$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hùnyī
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ ㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hùnyi
*** Wade–Giles: hun$^4$-i$^1$
*** Yale: hwùn-yī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huenni
*** Palladius: хуньи (xunʹi)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wan$^6$ jat$^1$
*** Yale: wahn yāt
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wan$^6$ jat$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wen$^6$ yed$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐn²² jɐt̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: hwonX 'jit
Rime :
| Character | 混 | 一 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 魂 (55) | 質 (48) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 胡本切 | 於悉切 |
| Baxter | hwonX | 'jit |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦuən$^X$/ | /ʔiɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦuon$^X$/ | /ʔit̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ʔjet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwən$^X$/ | /ʔit̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ʔiĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ĭĕt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣuən$^X$/ | /ʔi̯ĕt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hùn | yi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wan$^6$ | jat$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːnʔ qliɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 一 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjit › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔi[t]/ |
| English | one |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 混 | 一 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 7536 | 14833 |
| Phonetic component | 昆 | 一 |
| Rime group | 文 | 質 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 混 | 一 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡuːnʔ/ | /*qliɡ/ |

### Verb

混一
* (literary) to mix together as one; to be unified; to be amalgamated
    大明混一圖／大明混一图 ― Dàmíng Hùnyī Tú ― Composite Map of the Ming Empire

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 混一(こんいつ) (kon'itsu)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 混 | 一 |
| こん Grade: 5 | いつ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こんいつ [kòń'ítsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kõ̞ɰ̃it͡sɨ]

### Noun

混(こん)一(いつ) • (kon'itsu)
* mixing together as one

### Verb

混(こん)一(いつ)する • (kon'itsu suru) suru (stem 混(こん)一(いつ)し (kon'itsu shi), past 混(こん)一(いつ)した (kon'itsu shita))
* to mix together as one

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 混一し | こんいつし | kon'itsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 混一し | こんいつし | kon'itsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 混一する | こんいつする | kon'itsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 混一する | こんいつする | kon'itsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 混一すれ | こんいつすれ | kon'itsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 混一せよ¹ 混一しろ² | こんいつせよ¹ こんいつしろ² | kon'itsu seyo¹ kon'itsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 混一される | こんいつされる | kon'itsu sareru |
| Causative | 混一させる 混一さす | こんいつさせる こんいつさす | kon'itsu saseru kon'itsu sasu |
| Potential | 混一できる | こんいつできる | kon'itsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 混一しよう | こんいつしよう | kon'itsu shiyō |
| Negative | 混一しない | こんいつしない | kon'itsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 混一せず | こんいつせず | kon'itsu sezu |
| Formal | 混一します | こんいつします | kon'itsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 混一した | こんいつした | kon'itsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 混一して | こんいつして | kon'itsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 混一すれば | こんいつすれば | kon'itsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN