# 善賈
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shàngǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˋ ㄍㄨˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shàngǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ ㄍㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shàngǔ
*** Wade–Giles: shan$^4$-ku$^3$
*** Yale: shàn-gǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shannguu
*** Palladius: шаньгу (šanʹgu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂän⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Middle Chinese: dzyenX kuX
Rime :
| Character | 善 | 賈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (77) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 常演切 | 公戸切 |
| Baxter | dzyenX | kuX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑiᴇn$^X$/ | /kuo$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɛn$^X$/ | /kuo$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑjæn$^X$/ | /ko$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑian$^X$/ | /kɔ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiɛn$^X$/ | /ko$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭɛn$^X$/ | /ku$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʑi̯ɛn$^X$/ | /kuo$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shàn | gǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sin$^6$ | gu$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]e[n]ʔ C.qˤaʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡjenʔ klaːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 善 | 賈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shàn | gǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyen$^X$ › | ‹ ku$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]e[n]ʔ/ | /*C.qˁaʔ/ |
| English | good | merchant; do business |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 善 | 賈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 3/3 |
| No. | 11084 | 14205 |
| Phonetic component | 善 | 襾 |
| Rime group | 元 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 善 | 古 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡjenʔ/ | /*klaːʔ/ |

#### Verb

善賈
* (literary) to be good at business; to be good for business
    From: Han Feizi, circa 2nd century BCE
    Bǐyàn yuē: “Cháng xiù shàn wǔ, duō qián shàngǔ.” Cǐ yán duō zī zhī yì wéi gōng yě. [Pinyin]
    There is a proverb that goes: "long sleeves make a good dance; much money makes a good business." In other words, the better the material conditions, the easier it is to do things.

#### Noun

善賈
* (literary) someone who is good at doing business

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shànjià
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄢˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shànjià
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ ㄐㄧㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shànjià
*** Wade–Giles: shan$^4$-chia$^4$
*** Yale: shàn-jyà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shannjiah
*** Palladius: шаньцзя (šanʹczja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]e[n]ʔ C.qˤ<r>aʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡjenʔ kraːs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 善 | 賈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shàn | jià |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyen$^X$ › | ‹ kae$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]e[n]ʔ/ | /*C.qˁ<r>aʔ-s/ (or *mə.qˁ<r>aʔ-s?) |
| English | good | price |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 善 | 賈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/3 |
| No. | 11084 | 14201 |
| Phonetic component | 善 | 襾 |
| Rime group | 元 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 善 | 駕 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡjenʔ/ | /*kraːs/ |

#### Noun

善賈
* (literary) good price
    From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Yǒu měiyù yú sī, yùndú ér cáng zhū? Qiú shànjià ér gū zhū? [Pinyin]
    There is a beautiful gem here. Should I lay it up in a case and keep it? or should I seek a good price and sell it?