OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 從業人員
## Chinese

| | | to obtain employment; to be employed | staff; personnel; employeestaff; personnel; employee; worker; person |
| trad. (從業人員) | trad. (從業人員) | 從業 | 人員 |
| simp. (从业人员) | simp. (从业人员) | 从业 | 人员 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cóngyè rényuán
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄥˊ ㄧㄝˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cung$^4$ jip$^6$ jan$^4$ jyun$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cóngyè rényuán
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄥˊ ㄧㄝˋ ㄖㄣˊ ㄩㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cóngyè rényuán
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻung$^2$-yeh$^4$ jên$^2$-yüan$^2$
*** Yale: tsúng-yè rén-ywán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsorngyeh renyuan
*** Palladius: цунъе жэньюань (cunʺje žɛnʹjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ jɛ⁵¹ ʐən³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cung$^4$ jip$^6$ jan$^4$ jyun$^4$
*** Yale: chùhng yihp yàhn yùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsung$^4$ jip$^9$ jan$^4$ jyn$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cung$^4$ yib$^6$ yen$^4$ yun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ jiːp̚² jɐn²¹ jyːn²¹/

### Noun

從業人員
* employed personnel; employed person
# 彌提
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Eastern Min (BUC): Mì-*tà̤
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Mì-*tà̤
*** Sinological IPA : /mi⁵³⁻³³ tʰɛ⁵³/

### Proper noun

彌提
* (Eastern Min, Buddhism) Maitreya bodhisattva

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 彌勒, 彌勒佛, 彌勒菩薩 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 彌勒佛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 彌勒佛, 彌勒菩薩 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 彌羅佛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 彌陀, 笑佛, 彌勒佛 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 彌勒佛 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 彌勒佛 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 摁肚伯公 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 彌勒佛, 彌提 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 肥勒, 肥勒爺 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 肥勒 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 肥勒, 肥勒佛, 阿肥勒佛仔 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 彌勒佛 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 和合菩薩 |
# 復興黨
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fùxīngdǎng
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄥ ㄉㄤˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk$^6$ hing$^1$ dong$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fùxīngdǎng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄥ ㄉㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fùsingdǎng
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^4$-hsing$^1$-tang$^3$
*** Yale: fù-syīng-dǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhshingdaang
*** Palladius: фусиндан (fusindan)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fuk$^6$ hing$^1$ dong$^2$
*** Yale: fuhk hīng dóng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fuk$^9$ hing$^1$ dong$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fug$^6$ hing$^1$ dong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /fʊk̚² hɪŋ⁵⁵ tɔːŋ³⁵/

### Noun

復興黨
* (politics) renaissance party
* (politics) the Arab Socialist Renaissance Party; the Baath Party; Baathism

#### Synonyms

* (the Arab Socialist Renaissance Party): 阿拉伯復興社會黨／阿拉伯复兴社会党 (Ālābó fùxīng shèhuìdǎng)
# 徲

| 徲 | U+5FB2, &#24498; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FB2 |
| ← 徱 [U+5FB1] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 徳 → [U+5FB3] |

## Translingual
### Han character

徲 (Kangxi radical 60, 彳+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹人尸水手 (HOSEQ), four-corner 2725$_3$, composition ⿰彳犀)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 370, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10219
* Dae Jaweon: page 697, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 845, character 3
* Unihan data for U+5FB2

## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tí, chí (ti$^2$, chi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧˊ, ㄔˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): tai$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tí
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tí
*** Wade–Giles: tʻi$^2$
*** Yale: tí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tyi
*** Palladius: ти (ti)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chí
*** Zhuyin: ㄔˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chíh
*** Wade–Giles: chʻih$^2$
*** Yale: chŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyr
*** Palladius: чи (či)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tai$^4$
*** Yale: tàih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɐi̯²¹/

### Definitions

徲
* (of time) long
* long wait
* arrive late

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chí (chi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chí
*** Zhuyin: ㄔˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chíh
*** Wade–Giles: chʻih$^2$
*** Yale: chŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyr
*** Palladius: чи (či)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

### Definitions

徲
* (Only used in 徲徲.) to go back and forth; to come and go
# 廣州灣
## Chinese

* 廣州灣

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Guǎngzhōuwān
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ ㄨㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwong$^2$ zau$^1$ waan$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Guǎngzhōuwān
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ ㄨㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Guǎngjhouwan
*** Wade–Giles: Kuang$^3$-chou$^1$-wan$^1$
*** Yale: Gwǎng-jōu-wān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Goangjouuan
*** Palladius: Гуанчжоувань (Guančžouvanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwong$^2$ zau$^1$ waan$^1$
*** Yale: gwóng jāu wāan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwong$^2$ dzau$^1$ waan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guong$^2$ zeo$^1$ wan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɔːŋ³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

廣州灣
* Guangzhouwan (region in Guangdong which is now Zhanjiang)

#### Descendants

* → French: Kouang-Tchéou-Wan
** → English: Kouang-Tchéou-Wan
* → English: Guangzhouwan
# 廣州起義
## Chinese

| | | Guangzhou | to stage an uprising for justice; to revolt for justice; to initiate a just insurrection |
| trad. (廣州起義) | trad. (廣州起義) | 廣州 | 起義 |
| simp. (广州起义) | simp. (广州起义) | 广州 | 起义 |
* 廣州起義 (1927年)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Guǎngzhōu Qǐyì
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ ㄑㄧˇ ㄧˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Guǎngzhōu Qǐyì
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ ㄑㄧˇ ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Guǎngjhou Cǐyì
*** Wade–Giles: Kuang$^3$-chou$^1$ Chʻi$^3$-i$^4$
*** Yale: Gwǎng-jōu Chǐ-yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Goangjou Chiiyih
*** Palladius: Гуанчжоу Ции (Guančžou Cii)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹/

### Proper noun

廣州起義
* (Mainland China) Guangzhou Uprising

#### Synonyms

* 廣州暴動／广州暴动 (Guǎngzhōu Bàodòng)
* 廣暴／广暴 (Guǎngbào)

#### See also

* 廣州公社／广州公社
# 廣州路
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Guǎngzhōulù
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ ㄌㄨˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Guǎngzhōulù
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄓㄡ ㄌㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Guǎngjhoulù
*** Wade–Giles: Kuang$^3$-chou$^1$-lu$^4$
*** Yale: Gwǎng-jōu-lù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Goangjouluh
*** Palladius: Гуанчжоулу (Guančžoulu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

### Proper noun

廣州路
* (～街道) Guangzhoulu (a subdistrict of Jinchuan district, Jinchang, Gansu, China)
# 心實
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xīnshí
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣ ㄕˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sam$^1$ sat$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xīnshí
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ ㄕˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sinshíh
*** Wade–Giles: hsin$^1$-shih$^2$
*** Yale: syīn-shŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinshyr
*** Palladius: синьши (sinʹši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sam$^1$ sat$^6$
*** Yale: sām saht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sam$^1$ sat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sem$^1$ sed$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐm⁵⁵ sɐt̚²/

### Noun

心實
* (archaic) one's heart; one's true inner feelings
# 强力部门
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 强力部门 – see 強力部門 (“powerful agency/agencies; silovik; the security services and law enforcement agencies”). (This term is the simplified form of 強力部門).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 德弗札克
## Chinese

| | | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic | phonetic |
| simp. and trad. (德弗札克) | simp. and trad. (德弗札克) | 德 | 弗 | 札 | 克 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Défúzhákè
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄜˊ ㄈㄨˊ ㄓㄚˊ ㄎㄜˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Défúzhákè
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ㄈㄨˊ ㄓㄚˊ ㄎㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Défújhákè
*** Wade–Giles: Tê$^2$-fu$^2$-cha$^2$-kʻo$^4$
*** Yale: Dé-fú-já-kè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Derfwujarkeh
*** Palladius: Дэфучжакэ (Dɛfučžakɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɤ³⁵ fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

### Proper noun

德弗札克
* (Taiwan) Dvořák (surname)

#### Synonyms

* (Mainland China) 德沃夏克 (Déwòxiàkè)
* (Hong Kong) 德伏扎克 (Défúzhākè)
# 当該
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 当 | 該 |
| とう Grade: 2 | がい Grade: S |
| on'yomi | kan'yōon |
* Alternative spelling
* 當該 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とーがい [tòógáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [to̞ːɡa̠i]

### Noun

当(とう)該(がい) • (tōgai)
* the applicable, relevant, concerned (rules, authorities, etc.)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# 当造
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 当造 – see 當造 (“in season”). (This term is the simplified form of 當造).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 愤世嫉俗
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 愤世嫉俗 – see 憤世嫉俗 (“to be cynical; to be embittered”). (This term is the simplified form of 憤世嫉俗).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 恋ごころ
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 恋
* こい Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 戀ごころ (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 恋ごころ – see the following entry. :
| 【こいごころ】 | [noun] thoughts of love and romance Alternative spelling 恋心 |
(This term, 恋ごころ, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 恋しい
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 恋
* こい Grade: S
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 戀しい (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こいしい [kòíshíꜜì] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [ko̞iɕii]
* Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of 「恋しい」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary :
| Stem forms ||||
| Continuative (連用形) | 恋しく | こいしく こいしく | [kòíꜜshìkù] [kòíshíꜜkù] |
| Terminal (終止形) | 恋しい | こいしい | [kòíshíꜜì] |
| Attributive (連体形) | 恋しい | こいしい | [kòíshíꜜì] |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 恋しくない | こいしくない こいしくない | [kòíꜜshìkùnàì] [kòíshíꜜkùnàì] |
| Informal past | 恋しかった | こいしかった こいしかった | [kòíꜜshìkàttà] [kòíshíꜜkàttà] |
| Informal negative past | 恋しくなかった | こいしくなかった こいしくなかった | [kòíꜜshìkùnàkàttà] [kòíshíꜜkùnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 恋しいです | こいしいです | [kòíshíꜜìdèsù] |
| Conjunctive | 恋しくて | こいしくて こいしくて | [kòíꜜshìkùtè] [kòíshíꜜkùtè] |
| Conditional | 恋しければ | こいしければ こいしければ | [kòíꜜshìkèrèbà] [kòíshíꜜkèrèbà] |

### Adjective

恋(こい)しい • (koishii) -i (adverbial 恋(こい)しく (koishiku))
* longed for, missed, felt homesick for

#### Usage notes

* This expression can only be used when missing an experience, e.g. culture, environment, taste of a food, et cetera. If a person is missed, the desiderative form of 会う (au, “to meet”) is used instead.

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 恋しかろ | こいしかろ | koishikaro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 恋しく | こいしく | koishiku |
| Terminal (終止形) | 恋しい | こいしい | koishii |
| Attributive (連体形) | 恋しい | こいしい | koishii |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 恋しけれ | こいしけれ | koishikere |
| Imperative (命令形) | 恋しかれ | こいしかれ | koishikare |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 恋しくない | こいしくない | koishiku nai |
| Informal past | 恋しかった | こいしかった | koishikatta |
| Informal negative past | 恋しくなかった | こいしくなかった | koishiku nakatta |
| Formal | 恋しいです | こいしいです | koishii desu |
| Formal negative | 恋しくないです | こいしくないです | koishiku nai desu |
| Formal past | 恋しかったです | こいしかったです | koishikatta desu |
| Formal negative past | 恋しくなかったです | こいしくなかったです | koishiku nakatta desu |
| Conjunctive | 恋しくて | こいしくて | koishikute |
| Conditional | 恋しければ | こいしければ | koishikereba |
| Provisional | 恋しかったら | こいしかったら | koishikattara |
| Volitional | 恋しかろう | こいしかろう | koishikarō |
| Adverbial | 恋しく | こいしく | koishiku |
| Degree | 恋しさ | こいしさ | koishisa |

#### Related terms

* 憧(あこが)れる (akogareru)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 惊愕
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 惊愕 – see 驚愕 (“to be stunned; to be astonished; to be stupefied”). (This term is the simplified form of 驚愕).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 惊惶
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 惊惶 – see 驚惶 (“alarmed; frightened; panic-stricken”). (This term is the simplified form of 驚惶).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 所有权
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 所有权 – see 所有權 (“possession; ownership”). (This term is the simplified form of 所有權).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 打伞
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 打伞 – see 打傘 (“to use or to open an umbrella”). (This term is the simplified form of 打傘).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 手脈筋
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Xiang (Hengyang, Wiktionary): xiu$^3$ me$^2$ jin$^1$
* Xiang
** (Hengyang)
*** Wiktionary: xiu$^3$ me$^2$ jin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯u³³ me¹¹ t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁵/

### Noun

手脈筋
* (Hengyang Xiang) veins on one's hand
# 後搖滾
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hòuyáogǔn
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄡˋ ㄧㄠˊ ㄍㄨㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hau$^6$ jiu$^4$ gwan$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hòuyáogǔn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄡˋ ㄧㄠˊ ㄍㄨㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hòuyáogǔn
*** Wade–Giles: hou$^4$-yao$^2$-kun$^3$
*** Yale: hòu-yáu-gwǔn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: howyaugoen
*** Palladius: хоуяогунь (xoujaogunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xoʊ̯⁵¹ jɑʊ̯³⁵ ku̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hau$^6$ jiu$^4$ gwan$^2$
*** Yale: hauh yìuh gwán
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hau$^6$ jiu$^4$ gwan$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: heo$^6$ yiu$^4$ guen$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐu̯²² jiːu̯²¹ kʷɐn³⁵/

### Noun

後搖滾
* (music) post-rock

#### Synonyms

* 後搖／后摇 (hòuyáo)
# 後援會
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hòuyuánhuì
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄡˋ ㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hòuyuánhuì
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄡˋ ㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hòuyuánhuèi
*** Wade–Giles: hou$^4$-yüan$^2$-hui$^4$
*** Yale: hòu-ywán-hwèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: howyuanhuey
*** Palladius: хоуюаньхуэй (xoujuanʹxuej)
*** Sinological IPA : /xoʊ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

### Noun

後援會
* support group; support organisation
* (neologism) fan club
# 手製
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 手 | 製 |
| て Grade: 1 | せい Grade: 5 |
| kun'yomi | on'yomi |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) てせー [tèséé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [te̞se̞ː]

### Noun

手(て)製(せい) • (tesei)
* making by hand or by oneself; handmade
    手(て)製(せい)のチョコレート
       tesei no chokorēto
       handmade chocolate

#### Synonyms

* 手(て)作(づく)り (tezukuri)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 抗逆性
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kàngnìxìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄤˋ ㄋㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kàngnìxìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄤˋ ㄋㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kàngnìsìng
*** Wade–Giles: kʻang$^4$-ni$^4$-hsing$^4$
*** Yale: kàng-nì-syìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kanqnihshinq
*** Palladius: каннисин (kannisin)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ni⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕiŋ⁵¹/

### Noun

抗逆性
* (healthcare, botany) resistance

#### Synonyms

* 抗性 (kàngxìng)
# 投书
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 投书 – see 投書 (“to send a letter of complaint”). (This term is the simplified form of 投書).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 投下
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tóuxià
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tóuxià
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄡˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tóusià
*** Wade–Giles: tʻou$^2$-hsia$^4$
*** Yale: tóu-syà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tourshiah
*** Palladius: тоуся (tousja)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰoʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

### Verb

投下
* to drop (from a height)
    投下原子彈／投下原子弹 ― tóuxià yuánzǐdàn ― to drop an atomic bomb

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 投 | 下 |
| とう Grade: 3 | か Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とーか [tòóká] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [to̞ːka̠]

### Noun

投(とう)下(か) • (tōka)
* dropping from a height
* investment

### Verb

投(とう)下(か)する • (tōka suru) suru (stem 投(とう)下(か)し (tōka shi), past 投(とう)下(か)した (tōka shita))
* to drop from a height
* to invest

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 投下し | とうかし | tōka shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 投下し | とうかし | tōka shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 投下する | とうかする | tōka suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 投下する | とうかする | tōka suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 投下すれ | とうかすれ | tōka sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 投下せよ¹ 投下しろ² | とうかせよ¹ とうかしろ² | tōka seyo¹ tōka shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 投下される | とうかされる | tōka sareru |
| Causative | 投下させる 投下さす | とうかさせる とうかさす | tōka saseru tōka sasu |
| Potential | 投下できる | とうかできる | tōka dekiru |
| Volitional | 投下しよう | とうかしよう | tōka shiyō |
| Negative | 投下しない | とうかしない | tōka shinai |
| Negative continuative | 投下せず | とうかせず | tōka sezu |
| Formal | 投下します | とうかします | tōka shimasu |
| Perfective | 投下した | とうかした | tōka shita |
| Conjunctive | 投下して | とうかして | tōka shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 投下すれば | とうかすれば | tōka sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# 担搁
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 担搁 – see 耽擱 (“to stop over; to delay; to waste time; to hold up; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 擔擱, which is in turn a variant form of 耽擱).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 担惊受恐
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 担惊受恐 – see 擔驚受恐. (This term is the simplified form of 擔驚受恐).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 志方
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 志 | 方 |
| し Grade: 5 | かた Grade: 2 |
| jūbakoyomi ||
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しかた [shìkáꜜtà] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [ɕi̥ka̠ta̠]

#### Proper noun

志(し)方(かた) • (Shikata)
* a surname
* an unknown-gender given name
* Former places now part of Kakogawa, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan:
** A former town in Innami district, Hyōgo Prefecture.
** A former village in the former town of Shikata, Innami district, Hyōgo Prefecture.

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 志 | 方 |
| し Grade: 5 | ほう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɕiho̞ː]

#### Proper noun

志(し)方(ほう) • (Shihō)
* a surname
# 推陳出新
## Chinese

| | | push; refuse (responsibility); shove | arrange; exhibit; narratearrange; exhibit; narrate; tell; old; stale; state; display; explain; surname | to go out; to come out; to occurto go out; to come out; to occur; to produce; to go beyond; to rise; to put forth; to happen; (a measure word for dramas, plays, or operas) | new; newly; meso- (chem.) |
| trad. (推陳出新) | trad. (推陳出新) | 推 | 陳 | 出 | 新 |
| simp. (推陈出新) | simp. (推陈出新) | 推 | 陈 | 出 | 新 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tuīchénchūxīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄟ ㄔㄣˊ ㄔㄨ ㄒㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): teoi$^1$ can$^4$ ceot$^1$ san$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuīchénchūxīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄟ ㄔㄣˊ ㄔㄨ ㄒㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tueichénchusin
*** Wade–Giles: tʻui$^1$-chʻên$^2$-chʻu$^1$-hsin$^1$
*** Yale: twēi-chén-chū-syīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tueichernchushin
*** Palladius: туйчэньчусинь (tujčɛnʹčusinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: teoi$^1$ can$^4$ ceot$^1$ san$^1$
*** Yale: tēui chàhn chēut sān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: toey$^1$ tsan$^4$ tsoet$^7$ san$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: têu$^1$ cen$^4$ cêd$^1$ sen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɵy̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐn²¹ t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/

### Idiom

推陳出新
* to get rid of the old and bring forth the new
# 接口
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiēkǒu
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝ ㄎㄡˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zip$^3$ hau$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chiap-kháu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiēkǒu
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝ ㄎㄡˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiekǒu
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^1$-kʻou$^3$
*** Yale: jyē-kǒu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiekoou
*** Palladius: цзекоу (czekou)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$接口 街口
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zip$^3$ hau$^2$
*** Yale: jip háu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzip$^8$ hau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jib$^3$ heo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːp̚³ hɐu̯³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiap-kháu
*** Tâi-lô: tsiap-kháu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciapqao
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siap̚³²⁻⁴ kʰau⁵³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siap̚³²⁻⁵ kʰau⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siap̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰau⁵⁵⁴/

### Noun

接口
* interface; gateway; port; connector

#### Synonyms

* (interface): 界面 (jièmiàn)
* (Hokkien) 接喙

#### Derived terms

* USB接口 (yū-áisi-bì jiēkǒu)
* 應用程序接口／应用程序接口 (yìngyòng chéngxù jiēkǒu)

#### See also

* 端口 (duānkǒu)

### Verb

接口
* (colloquial) to cut in; to continue the conversation

#### Synonyms

* (Hokkien) 接喙
# 擁護者
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yōnghùzhě, yǒnghùzhě
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄥ ㄏㄨˋ ㄓㄜˇ, ㄩㄥˇ ㄏㄨˋ ㄓㄜˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland; variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yōnghùzhě
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄥ ㄏㄨˋ ㄓㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yonghùjhě
*** Wade–Giles: yung$^1$-hu$^4$-chê$^3$
*** Yale: yūng-hù-jě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ionghuhjee
*** Palladius: юнхучжэ (junxučžɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ⁵⁵ xu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǒnghùzhě
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˇ ㄏㄨˋ ㄓㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǒnghùjhě
*** Wade–Giles: yung$^3$-hu$^4$-chê$^3$
*** Yale: yǔng-hù-jě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeonghuhjee
*** Palladius: юнхучжэ (junxučžɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

擁護者
* supporter; backer; defender; backer; champion

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 擁護者(ようごしゃ) (yōgosha)
* → Korean: 옹호자(擁護者) (onghoja)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 擁 | 護 | 者 |
| よう Grade: S | ご Grade: 5 | しゃ Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi |||
* Alternative spelling
* 擁護者 (kyūjitai)

### Noun

擁(よう)護(ご)者(しゃ) • (yōgosha)
* defender, backer, champion