# 究竟
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiūjìng, jiùjìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄡ ㄐㄧㄥˋ, ㄐㄧㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gau$^3$ ging$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kiù-kèng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): giu$^3$ gêng$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$cieu-cin; $^5$cieu-cin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiūjìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄡ ㄐㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jioujìng
*** Wade–Giles: chiu$^1$-ching$^4$
*** Yale: jyōu-jìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jioujinq
*** Palladius: цзюцзин (czjuczin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiùjìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiòujìng
*** Wade–Giles: chiu$^4$-ching$^4$
*** Yale: jyòu-jìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiowjinq
*** Palladius: цзюцзин (czjuczin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gau$^3$ ging$^2$
*** Yale: gau gíng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gau$^3$ ging$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: geo$^3$ ging$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐu̯³³ kɪŋ³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiù-kèng
*** Tâi-lô: kiù-kìng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiuo'kexng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kiu²¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiu⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kiɪŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiu²¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiu¹¹⁻⁵³ kiɪŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiu²¹⁻⁴¹ kiɪŋ²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: giu$^3$ gêng$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiù kéng
*** Sinological IPA : /kiu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ keŋ⁵²⁻²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$cieu-cin; $^5$cieu-cin
*** MiniDict: cieu$^平$ cin; cieu$^去$ cin
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$jieu-jin; $^2$jieu-jin
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɤ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin²¹/, /t͡ɕiɤ³³ t͡ɕin⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: kjuwH kjaengH
Rime :
| Character | 究 | 竟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 庚 (111) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 居祐切 | 居慶切 |
| Baxter | kjuwH | kjaengH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kɨu$^H$/ | /kˠiæŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kiu$^H$/ | /kᵚiaŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kiəu$^H$/ | /kiaŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kuw$^H$/ | /kiajŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kiu$^H$/ | /kiɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kĭəu$^H$/ | /kĭɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ki̯ə̯u$^H$/ | /ki̯ɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiù | jìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gau$^3$ | ging$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k](r)u(ʔ)-s [k]raŋʔ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kus kraŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 究 | 竟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiū | jìng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kjuw$^H$ › | ‹ kjæng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k](r)u(ʔ)-s/ | /*[k]raŋʔ-s/ |
| English | scrutinize; go to the end | end, in the end |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 究 | 竟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 6942 | 6869 |
| Phonetic component | 九 | 竟 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 救 | 敬 |
| Old Chinese | /*kus/ | /*kraŋs/ |

### Verb

究竟
* (literary) to go to the bottom of (a matter); to probe to the bottom
* (literary) to finish; to be completed
* (literary) to look into; to ascertain; to inquire into

### Noun

究竟
* result; outcome; ending; the whole story
* (Buddhism) niṣṭhā; ultimate end; culmination

#### Synonyms

* (the whole story):
* 事情經過／事情经过 (shìqíng jīngguò)
* 事由 (shìyóu)
* 原委 (yuánwěi)
* 委曲 (wěiqū)
* 始末 (shǐmò)
* 本末 (běnmò)
* 經過／经过 (jīngguò)

#### Derived terms

* 一探究竟
* 探個究竟／探个究竟
* 看個究竟／看个究竟
* 究竟說／究竟说

### Adverb

究竟
* after all; in the end; all in all
* actually; exactly; are or are not

#### Synonyms

* (after all):
* 到底 (dàodǐ)
* 畢竟／毕竟 (bìjìng)
* (actually): 到底 (dàodǐ)

### Descendants

* → Korean: 구경(究竟) (gugyeong)