# वृद्ध
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit वृद्ध (vṛddhá). Doublet of बूढ़ा (būṛhā) and बुड्ढा (buḍḍhā).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʋɾɪd̪d̪ʱ/, [ʋɾɪd̪(ː)ʱ]

### Adjective

वृद्ध • (vŕddh) (indeclinable)
* old, elderly
    Synonyms: बुड्ढा (buḍḍhā), बूढ़ा (būṛhā)

### Noun

वृद्ध • (vŕddh) m (feminine वृद्धा)
* an elderly man, elder
    Synonym: बुज़ुर्ग (buzurg)

#### Declension
### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “वृद्ध”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৱৃদ্ধ (Assamese script)
* ᬯᬺᬤ᭄ᬥ (Balinese script)
* বৃদ্ধ (Bengali script)
* 𑰪𑰴𑰟𑰿𑰠 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀯𑀾𑀤𑁆𑀥 (Brahmi script)
* ဝၖဒ္ဓ (Burmese script)
* વૃદ્ધ (Gujarati script)
* ਵ੍ਰਦ੍ਧ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌵𑍃𑌦𑍍𑌧 (Grantha script)
* ꦮꦽꦢ꧀ꦣ (Javanese script)
* 𑂫𑃂𑂠𑂹𑂡 (Kaithi script)
* ವೃದ್ಧ (Kannada script)
* វ្ឫទ្ធ (Khmer script)
* ວ຺ຣິທ຺ຘ (Lao script)
* വൃദ്ധ (Malayalam script)
* ᠸᡵᡳᡩᢡᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘪𑘵𑘟𑘿𑘠 (Modi script)
* ᠸᠷᠢᢑᢑᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧊𑧖𑦿𑧠𑧀 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐰𑐺𑐡𑑂𑐢 (Newa script)
* ଵୃଦ୍ଧ (Odia script)
* ꢮꢺꢣ꣄ꢤ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆮𑆸𑆢𑇀𑆣 (Sharada script)
* 𑖪𑖴𑖟𑖿𑖠 (Siddham script)
* වෘද‍්ධ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩾𑩙𑩭 𑪙𑩮 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚦𑚛𑚶𑚜 (Takri script)
* வ்ரித்³த⁴ (Tamil script)
* వృద్ధ (Telugu script)
* วฺฤทฺธ (Thai script)
* ཝྲྀ་དྡྷ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒫𑒵𑒠𑓂𑒡 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨛𑩇𑨜 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥dᶻdʰás (“grown, mature, big”), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰ-tó-s, from *werdʰ- (“to grow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬛𐬀 (vər$^ə$zda, “mature, big”). By surface analysis, वृध् (vṛdh, “to grow”, root) +‎ -त (-ta).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ʋr̩d.dʱɐ́/, [ʋr̩d̚.dʱɐ́]
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈʋr̩d̪.d̪ʱɐ/, [ˈʋr̩d̪̚.d̪ʱɐ]

### Adjective

वृद्ध • (vṛddhá) stem
* grown, become larger or stronger; increased, augmented, great, large
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.44.3:येन वृद्धो न शवसा तुरो न स्वाभिरूतिभिः । सोमः सुतः स इन्द्र तेऽस्ति स्वधापते मदः ॥yena vṛddho na śavasā turo na svābhirūtibhiḥ. somaḥ sutaḥ sa indra teʼsti svadhāpate madaḥ.Wherewith thou art increased in strength, and conquerest with thy proper aids, That Soma is pressed: thy gladdening draught,O Indra! Lord of the libation!
* grown up, fully grown, adult
* aged, old, senior

#### Descendants

* Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀥 (vudha) (see there for further descendants)
* Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀠 (vuḍha) (see there for further descendants)
* Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨬𐨢𐨿𐨪 (vadhra)
** Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀯𑀤𑁆𑀥 (vaddha)
** Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀤𑁆𑀥 (vaddha)
** Paisaci Prakrit:
*** Punjabi: ਵੱਧ (vaddha, “excessive, more”)
*** Sindhi: उधणु (udhaṇu, “to grow”)
** Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀤𑁆𑀥 (vaddha),
* Dardic:
** Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (buḍa, “grandfather”), [script needed] (buḍi, “grandmother”)
** Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (buḍa, “old man”), [script needed] (buḍī, “old woman”)
** Kashmiri: بُڈٕ (buḍụ)
** Phalura: بُوڈوُ (buuḍóo)
** Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (buḍai), [script needed] (buṛālék, “old woman”)
** Shumashti: [script needed] (buṛāla)
** Torwali: [script needed] (batkumā, “maid”)
* Helu Prakrit:
** Sinhalese: විදු (widu, “old man”)
* Pali: vaddha, vuddha, vuḍḍha

#### Borrowed terms

* → Balinese: ᬯᬺᬤ
* → Hindi: वृद्ध (vŕddh)
* → Kannada: ವೃದ್ಧ (vṛddha)
* → Malay: berida
** Indonesian: berida
* → Malayalam: വൃദ്ധൻ (vr̥ddhaṉ)
* → Old Javanese:
** Javanese: ꦮꦽꦢ (wreda), ꦮꦽꦣ (wreḍa)
*** → Indonesian: wreda

#### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vr̥ddhá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*buḍḍha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press