# ϩⲙⲁⲙ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ϩⲙⲟⲙ (hmom), ϣⲙⲟⲙ (šmom) — Sahidic
* ϧⲙⲟⲙ (xmom) — Bohairic
* ⳉⲙⲁⲙ (xmam) — Akhmimic

### Verb

ϩⲙⲁⲙ • (hmam) (stative ϩⲏⲙ)
* (Fayyumic, Lycopolitan, intransitive) to be hot, have fever

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ϩⲙⲁⲙ hmam | imperative | affirmative | ϩⲙⲁⲙ hmam |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙϩⲙⲁⲙ štemhmam | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲡⲉⲗϩⲙⲁⲙ mpelhmam, pelhmam |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϩⲙⲁⲙ tihmam | ⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ khmam | ⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ tehmam | ϥϩⲙⲁⲙ fhmam | ⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ shmam | ⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ tenhmam | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ tetenhmam | ⲥⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ sehmam | ϩⲙⲁⲙ hmam |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ eihmam | ⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ ekhmam | ⲉⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ elehmam | ⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ efhmam | ⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ eshmam | ⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ enhmam | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eletenhmam | ⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ euhmam | ⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ele- hmam |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϩⲙⲁⲙ etihmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etekhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etehmam | ⲉⲧⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ etefhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ eteshmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etetenhmam | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etouhmam | ⲉⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ete- hmam, etele- hmam |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ naihmam | ⲛⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nakhmam | ⲛⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nalehmam | ⲛⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nafhmam | ⲛⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nashmam | ⲛⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nanhmam | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ naletenhmam | ⲛⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nauhmam | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nale- hmam |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ aihmam | ⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ akhmam | ⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ alehmam | ⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ afhmam | ⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ ashmam | ⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ anhmam | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ aletenhmam | ⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ auhmam | ⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ale- hmam |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ tinehmam | ⲕⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ knehmam | ⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ tenehmam | ϥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ fnehmam | ⲥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ snehmam | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ tennehmam | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ tetennehmam | ⲥⲉⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ senehmam | ⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nehmam |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ einehmam | ⲉⲕⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ eknehmam | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ elenehmam | ⲉϥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ efnehmam | ⲉⲥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ esnehmam | ⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ennehmam | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ eletennehmam | ⲉⲩⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ eunehmam | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ele- nehmam |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etinehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ eteknehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etenehmam | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etefnehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etesnehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etennehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etetennehmam | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etounehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etele- nehmam |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nainehmam | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ naknehmam | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nalenehmam | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nafnehmam | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nasnehmam | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nannehmam | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ naletennehmam | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ naunehmam | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nale- nehmam |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ainehmam | ⲁⲕⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ aknehmam | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ alenehmam | ⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ afnehmam | ⲁⲥⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ asnehmam | ⲁⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ annehmam | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ aletennehmam | ⲁⲩⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ aunehmam | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ale- nehmam |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ aihmam | ⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ akhmam | ⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ alehmam | ⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ afhmam | ⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ ashmam | ⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ anhmam | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ atetenhmam | ⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ auhmam | ⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ a- hmam |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ mpihmam | ⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ mpekhmam | ⲙⲡⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ mpehmam | ⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ mpefhmam | ⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ mpeshmam | ⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ mpenhmam | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ mpetenhmam | ⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ mpouhmam | ⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ mpe- hmam |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ eaihmam | ⲉⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ eakhmam | ⲉⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ealehmam | ⲉⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ eafhmam | ⲉⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ eashmam | ⲉⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eanhmam | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eatetenhmam | ⲉⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ eauhmam | ⲉⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ea- hmam |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ empihmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ empekhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ empehmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ empefhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ empeshmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ empenhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ empetenhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ empouhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ empe- hmam |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ ntaihmam | ⲛⲧⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ ntakhmam | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ntalehmam | ⲛⲧⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ ntafhmam | ⲛⲧⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ ntashmam | ⲛⲧⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ ntanhmam | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etaletenhmam | ⲛⲧⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ ntauhmam | ⲛⲧⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nta- hmam |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ etempihmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etempekhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etempehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ etempefhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ etempeshmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etempenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etempetenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etempouhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ etempe- hmam |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ nneaihmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nneakhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nnealehmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nneafhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nneashmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nneanhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nneatetenhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nneauhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nnea- hmam |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempihmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempekhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempehmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempefhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempeshmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempenhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempetenhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempouhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempe- hmam |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ aaihmam | ⲁⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ aakhmam | ⲁⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ aalehmam | ⲁⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ aafhmam | ⲁⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ aashmam | ⲁⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ aanhmam | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etaletenhmam | ⲁⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ aauhmam | ⲁⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ aa- hmam |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲙⲁⲙ mpatihmam | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ mpatekhmam | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ mpatehmam | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ mpatefhmam | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ mpateshmam | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ mpatenhmam | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ mpatetenhmam | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ mpatouhmam | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ mpate- hmam |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲙⲁⲙ empatihmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ empatekhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ empatehmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ empatefhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ empateshmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ empatenhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ empatetenhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ empatouhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ empate- hmam |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲙⲁⲙ etempatihmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etempatekhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etempatehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ etempatefhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ etempateshmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etempatenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etempatetenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etempatouhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ etempate- hmam |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempatihmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempatekhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempatehmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempatefhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempateshmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempatenhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempatetenhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempatouhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nnempate- hmam |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ šaihmam | ϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ šakhmam | ϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ šalehmam | ϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ šafhmam | ϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ šashmam | ϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ šanhmam | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ šatetenhmam | ϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ šauhmam | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ šale- hmam |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ meihmam | ⲙⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ mekhmam | ⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ melehmam | ⲙⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ mefhmam | ⲙⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ meshmam | ⲙⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ menhmam | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ meletenhmam | ⲙⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ meuhmam | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ mele- hmam |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ ešaihmam | ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ ešakhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ešalehmam | ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ ešafhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ ešashmam | ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ ešanhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ ešatetenhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ ešauhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ešale- hmam |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ emeihmam | ⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ emekhmam | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ emelehmam | ⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ emefhmam | ⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ emeshmam | ⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ emenhmam | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ emeletenhmam | ⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ emeuhmam | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ emele- hmam |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ etešaihmam, nšaihmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etešakhmam, nšakhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etešalehmam, nšalehmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ etešafhmam, nšafhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ etešashmam, nšashmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etešanhmam, nšanhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etešatetenhmam, nšatetenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etešauhmam, nšauhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ etešale- hmam, nšale- hmam |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ etemeihmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etemekhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etemelehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ etemefhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ etemeshmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etemenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etemeletenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etemeuhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ etemele- hmam |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ nnešaihmam | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nnešakhmam | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nnešalehmam | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nnešafhmam | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nnešashmam | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnešanhmam | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnešatetenhmam | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nnešauhmam | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nnešale- hmam |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ nnemeihmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nnemekhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nnemelehmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nnemefhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nnemeshmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnemenhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnemeletenhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nnemeuhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nnemele- hmam |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ nmeihmam | ⲛⲙⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nmekhmam | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nmelehmam | ⲛⲙⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nmefhmam | ⲛⲙⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nmeshmam | ⲛⲙⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nmenhmam | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nmeletenhmam | ⲛⲙⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nmeuhmam | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nmele- hmam |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ eiehmam | ⲉⲕⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ekehmam | ⲉⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ elehmam | ⲉϥⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ efehmam | ⲉⲥⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ esehmam | ⲉⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ enehmam | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ eletenehmam | ⲉⲩⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ euehmam | ⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ele- hmam |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ nnahmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nnekhmam | ⲛⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nnehmam | ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nnefhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nneshmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnenhmam | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nnetenhmam | ⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nnouhmam | ⲛⲛⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nne- hmam |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ malihmam | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ malefhmam | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ maleshmam | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ malenhmam | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ malouhmam | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ male- hmam |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ mpeltrihmam | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ mpeltrefhmam | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ mpeltreshmam | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ mpeltrenhmam | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ mpeltreuhmam | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ mpeltre- hmam |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ tahmam, ntahmam | ⲛⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nkhmam | ⲛⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ntehmam | ⲛϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nfhmam | ⲛⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nshmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ ntenhmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ ntetenhmam | ⲛⲥⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nsehmam | ⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nte- hmam |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ talihmam, ntalihmam | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ talekhmam, ntalekhmam | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ talehmam, ntalehmam | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ talefhmam, ntalefhmam | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ taleshmam, ntaleshmam | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ talenhmam, ntalenhmam | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ taletenhmam, ntaletenhmam | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ talouhmam, ntalouhmam | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ tale- hmam, ntale- hmam |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ ntelihmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ ntelekhmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ntelehmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ ntelefhmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nteleshmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ ntelenhmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nteletenhmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ ntelouhmam | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ntele- hmam |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯϩⲙⲁⲙ šantihmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ šantekhmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ šantehmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ šantefhmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ šanteshmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ šantenhmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ šantetenhmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ šantouhmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ šante- hmam |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eišanhmam | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ ekšanhmam | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ elešanhmam | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ efšanhmam | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ esšanhmam | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ enšanhmam | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eletenšanhmam | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eušanhmam | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ elešan- hmam, elšan- hmam |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ aihmam | ⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ akhmam | ⲁⲗⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ alehmam | ⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ afhmam | ⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ ashmam | ⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ anhmam | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ aletenhmam | ⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ auhmam | ⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ale- hmam |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ϩⲙⲁⲙ hmam | imperative | affirmative | ϩⲙⲁⲙ hmam |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ tm̄hmam | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄nhmam, m̄pr̄hmam |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϩⲙⲁⲙ tihmam | ⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ khmam | ⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ tehmam | ϥϩⲙⲁⲙ fhmam | ⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ shmam | ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ tn̄hmam | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ tetn̄hmam | ⲥⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ sehmam | ϩⲙⲁⲙ hmam |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ eïhmam | ⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ ekhmam | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ erehmam | ⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ efhmam | ⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ eshmam | ⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ enhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etetn̄hmam | ⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ euhmam | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ere- hmam |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϩⲙⲁⲙ etihmam | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etk̄hmam, etekhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etehmam, eterehmam | ⲉⲧϥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ etf̄hmam, etefhmam | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ ets̄hmam, eteshmam | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etn̄hmam, etenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etetn̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etouhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ etere- hmam, ete- hmam |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ neïhmam | ⲛⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nekhmam | ⲛⲉⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nerehmam | ⲛⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nefhmam | ⲛⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ neshmam | ⲛⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nenhmam | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ netetn̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ neuhmam | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nere- hmam |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ tinahmam | ⲕⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ knahmam | ⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ tenahmam | ϥⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ fnahmam | ⲥⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ snahmam | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ tn̄nahmam | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ tetnahmam | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ senahmam | ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ nahmam |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ eïnahmam | ⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ eknahmam | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ erenahmam | ⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ efnahmam | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ esnahmam | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ ennahmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etetnahmam | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ eunahmam | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ ere- nahmam |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etinahmam | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etk̄nahmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etenahmam, eterenahmam | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etf̄nahmam | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ ets̄nahmam | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etn̄nahmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etetnahmam | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etounahmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etere- nahmam |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ neïnahmam | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ neknahmam | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ nerenahmam | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ nefnahmam | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ nesnahmam | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ nennahmam | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ netetnahmam | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ neunahmam | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ nere- nahmam |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ aïhmam | ⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ akhmam | ⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ arehmam | ⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ afhmam | ⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ ashmam | ⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ anhmam | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ atetn̄hmam | ⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ auhmam | ⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ a- hmam |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pihmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pk̄hmam, m̄pekhmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pehmam, m̄pr̄hmam | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pf̄hmam, m̄pefhmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄ps̄hmam, m̄peshmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pn̄hmam, m̄penhmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄petn̄hmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pouhmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pe- hmam |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ eaïhmam | ⲉⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ eakhmam | ⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ earehmam | ⲉⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ eafhmam | ⲉⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ eashmam | ⲉⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eanhmam | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ eatetn̄hmam | ⲉⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ eauhmam | ⲉⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ea- hmam |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ empihmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ empk̄hmam, empekhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ empehmam, empr̄hmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ empk̄hmam, empekhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ emps̄hmam, empeshmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ empn̄hmam, empenhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ empetn̄hmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ empouhmam | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ empe- hmam |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ etaïhmam, n̄taïhmam | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etakhmam, n̄takhmam | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϩⲙⲁⲙϩⲙⲁⲙ etarehmam, n̄tahmamhmam | ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ etafhmam, n̄tafhmam | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ etashmam, n̄tashmam | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etanhmam, n̄tanhmam | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etatetn̄hmam, n̄tatetn̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etauhmam, n̄tauhmam | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ eta- hmam, n̄ta- hmam |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ etempihmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etempk̄hmam, etempekhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etempehmam, etempr̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etempk̄hmam, etempekhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ etemps̄hmam, etempeshmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etempn̄hmam, etempenhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etempetn̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etempouhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ etempe- hmam |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ neaïhmam | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ neakhmam | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nearehmam | ⲛⲉⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ neafhmam | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ neashmam | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ neanhmam | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ neatetn̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ neauhmam | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nea- hmam |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ nempihmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nempk̄hmam, nempekhmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ nempehmam, nempr̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nempk̄hmam, nempekhmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nemps̄hmam, nempeshmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nempn̄hmam, nempenhmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ nempetn̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nempouhmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nempe- hmam |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄taïhmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄takhmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tarehmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tafhmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tashmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tanhmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tatetn̄hmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tauhmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄ta- hmam |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄patihmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄patk̄hmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄patehmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄patf̄hmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pats̄hmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄patn̄hmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄patetn̄hmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄patouhmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pate- hmam |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲙⲁⲙ em̄patihmam | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ em̄patk̄hmam | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ em̄patehmam | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ em̄patf̄hmam | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ em̄pats̄hmam | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ em̄patn̄hmam | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ em̄patetn̄hmam | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ em̄patouhmam | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ em̄pate- hmam |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲙⲁⲙ etem̄patihmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etem̄patk̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etem̄patehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etem̄patf̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etem̄pats̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etem̄patn̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etem̄patetn̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etem̄patouhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ etem̄pate- hmam |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϩⲙⲁⲙ nem̄patihmam | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ nem̄patk̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nem̄patehmam | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ nem̄patf̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ nem̄pats̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ nem̄patn̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ nem̄patetn̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nem̄patouhmam | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nem̄pate- hmam |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ šaïhmam | ϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ šakhmam | ϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ šarehmam | ϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ šafhmam | ϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ šashmam | ϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ šanhmam | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ šatetn̄hmam | ϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ šauhmam | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ šare- hmam |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ maïhmam | ⲙⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ makhmam | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ marehmam | ⲙⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ mafhmam | ⲙⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ mashmam | ⲙⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ manhmam | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ matetn̄hmam | ⲙⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ mauhmam | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ mare- hmam |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ ešaïhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ ešakhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ ešarehmam | ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ ešafhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ ešashmam | ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ ešanhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ ešatetn̄hmam | ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ ešauhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ešare- hmam |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ emaïhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ emakhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ emarehmam | ⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ emafhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ emashmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ emanhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ ematetn̄hmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ emauhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ emare- hmam |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ etešaïhmam, ešaïhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etešakhmam, ešakhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etešarehmam, ešarehmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ etešafhmam, ešafhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ etešashmam, ešashmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etešanhmam, ešanhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etešatetn̄hmam, ešatetn̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etešauhmam, ešauhmam | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ etešare- hmam, ešare- hmam |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ etemaïhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ etemakhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ etemarehmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ etemafhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ etemashmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ etemanhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etematetn̄hmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ etemauhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ etemare- hmam |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ nešaïhmam | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nešakhmam | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nešarehmam | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nešafhmam | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nešashmam | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nešanhmam | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ nešatetn̄hmam | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nešauhmam | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nešare- hmam |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ nemaïhmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nemakhmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nemarehmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nemafhmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ nemashmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nemanhmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ nematetn̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ nemauhmam | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ nemare- hmam |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ emaïhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ emakhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ emarehmam | ⲉⲙⲁϥϩⲙⲁⲙ emafhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ emashmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ emanhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ ematetn̄hmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ emauhmam | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ emare- hmam |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ eïahmam | ⲉⲕⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ ekahmam | ⲉⲣⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ erahmam | ⲉϥⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ efahmam | ⲉⲥⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ esahmam | ⲉⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ enahmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ etetnahmam | ⲉⲩⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ euahmam | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ere- hmam |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ nahmam | ⲛⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ nekhmam | ⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ nehmam | ⲛⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ nefhmam | ⲛⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ neshmam | ⲛⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ nenhmam | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ netn̄hmam | ⲛⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ neuhmam | ⲛⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ne- hmam |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ marihmam | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ marefhmam | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ mareshmam | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ marn̄hmam | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ marouhmam | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ mare- hmam |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄prtrahmam | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄prtrefhmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄prtreshmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄prtrenhmam | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄prtreuhmam | ⲙ̄ⲡⲱⲣⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ m̄pōrte- hmam |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲧⲁϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tahmam, tahmam | ⲛ̄ⲅϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲛ̄ⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄ghmam, n̄khmam, khmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tehmam, tehmam | ⲛ̄ϥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ϥϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄fhmam, fhmam | ⲛ̄ⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄shmam, shmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tn̄hmam, tn̄hmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tetn̄hmam, tetn̄hmam | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲥⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄sehmam, sehmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄te- hmam |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ tarihmam | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ tarekhmam | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ tarehmam | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ tarefhmam | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ tareshmam | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ tarn̄hmam | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ taretn̄hmam | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ tarouhmam | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ tare- hmam |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tarihmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tarekhmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tarehmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tarefhmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tareshmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tarn̄hmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄taretn̄hmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tarouhmam | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ n̄tare- hmam |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯϩⲙⲁⲙ šantihmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ šantk̄hmam, šantekhmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ šantehmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ šantf̄hmam, šantefhmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ šants̄hmam, šanteshmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ šantn̄hmam, šantenhmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ šantetn̄hmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ šantouhmam | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ šante- hmam |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eïšanhmam | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ ekšanhmam | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eršanhmam, erešanhmam | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ efšanhmam | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ esšanhmam | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ enšanhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ ešantetn̄hmam | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ eušanhmam | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ, ⲉⲣϣⲁ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ešante- hmam, erša- hmam |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲙⲁⲙ eïhmam | ⲉⲕϩⲙⲁⲙ ekhmam | ⲉⲣⲉϩⲙⲁⲙ erehmam | ⲉϥϩⲙⲁⲙ efhmam | ⲉⲥϩⲙⲁⲙ eshmam | ⲉⲛϩⲙⲁⲙ enhmam | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϩⲙⲁⲙ etetn̄hmam | ⲉⲩϩⲙⲁⲙ euhmam | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϩⲙⲁⲙ ere- hmam |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

### Noun

ϩⲙⲁⲙ • (hmam) m
* (Sahidic) heat, fever

#### Related terms

* ϩⲙⲙⲉ (hmme, “heat, fever”)

### References

* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 677
* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 283