# 談何容易
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tánhéróngyì
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taam$^4$ ho$^4$ jung$^4$ ji$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tánhéróngyì
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ ㄏㄜˊ ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tánhéróngyì
*** Wade–Giles: tʻan$^2$-ho$^2$-jung$^2$-i$^4$
*** Yale: tán-hé-rúng-yì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarnherrongyih
*** Palladius: таньхэжунъи (tanʹxɛžunʺi)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰän³⁵ xɤ³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵ i⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taam$^4$ ho$^4$ jung$^4$ ji$^6$
*** Yale: tàahm hòh yùhng yih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taam$^4$ ho$^4$ jung$^4$ ji$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tam$^4$ ho$^4$ yung$^4$ yi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːm²¹ hɔː²¹ jʊŋ²¹ jiː²²/
* Middle Chinese: dam ha yowng yeH
Rime :
| Character | 談 | 何 | 容 | 易 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 匣 (33) | 以 (36) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 談 (143) | 歌 (94) | 鍾 (7) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I | III | III |
| Fanqie | 徒甘切 | 胡歌切 | 餘封切 | 以豉切 |
| Baxter | dam | ha | yowng | yeH |
| Reconstructions |||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑm/ | /ɦɑ/ | /jɨoŋ/ | /jiᴇ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑm/ | /ɦɑ/ | /jioŋ/ | /jiɛ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑm/ | /ɣɑ/ | /ioŋ/ | /jɛ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /dam/ | /ɦa/ | /juawŋ/ | /jiə̆$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑm/ | /ɣɑ/ | /ioŋ/ | /ie$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑm/ | /ɣɑ/ | /jĭwoŋ/ | /jǐe$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /dʱɑm/ | /ɣɑ/ | /i̯woŋ/ | /ie̯$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tán | hé | yóng | yì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taam$^4$ | ho$^4$ | jung$^4$ | ji$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'aːm ɡaːl loŋ leːɡs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 談 | 何 | 容 | 易 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 14292 | 7458 | 4284 | 15029 |
| Phonetic component | 炎 | 可 | 谷 | 易 |
| Rime group | 談 | 歌 | 東 | 賜 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 談 | 何 | 容 | 易 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'aːm/ | /*ɡaːl/ | /*loŋ/ | /*leːɡs/ |
| Notes | | | 說文古文從公， 小徐作谷聲 | |

### Etymology 1

| | | to speak; to talk; to converseto speak; to talk; to converse; to chat; to discuss; surname | rhetorical construct signifying emphasis in the negative; not tolerated; unacceptable | easy; simple |
| trad. (談何容易) | trad. (談何容易) | 談 | 何容 | 易 |
| simp. (谈何容易) | simp. (谈何容易) | 谈 | 何容 | 易 |

#### Phrase

談何容易
* (chiefly obsolete) it is no easy matter to give good advice (especially to one's superior); to speak is difficult
    From: The Book of Han, circa 1st century CE
    Xiānshēng yuē: “Wūhū, kě hū zāi? Kě hū zāi? Tán héróng yì!” [Pinyin]
    "Alas! May I? I may not! Speeches to one's superior — those easily given will never be accepted!" said Mister Nobody.
    From: p. 73 BCE, Huan Kuan (桓寬) (editor). Discourses on Salt and Iron (《鹽鐵論》).
    Gǔshēng yǒu yán: “Kěnyán zé cíqiǎn ér bùrù, shēnyán zé nì'ěr ér shīzhǐ.” Gù yuē: “Tán héróng yì.” [Pinyin]
    Jia Yi said: "Cordial speech tends to be superficial and fails to make an impact, but a penetrating comment grates on the ear and fails to deliver." Hence the saying, "no place for speech made at ease."

### Etymology 2

| | | to speak; to talk; to converseto speak; to talk; to converse; to chat; to discuss; surname | carry; what; howcarry; what; how; why; which | easy; simple; likelyeasy; simple; likely; liable; prone |
| trad. (談何容易) | trad. (談何容易) | 談 | 何 | 容易 |
| simp. (谈何容易) | simp. (谈何容易) | 谈 | 何 | 容易 |
| Rebracketing of Etymology 1. |||||

#### Idiom

談何容易
* easier said than done