# イン
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

From English in (preposition).
First cited to a text by Tōson Shimazaki from 1906 in the sense “inside”.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) イン [íꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ĩɴ]

#### Noun

イン • (in)
* inside; interior; inner portion
** 2020 February 2, “Innā daun o akusento ni jōsitsu kōto tomo kō aishō [Accentuating a fit with a down vest―Goes amazing with high-quality coats]”, in Nikkei Style‎:
    しかもチェスターコートのインにダウンベストをレイヤードしたことで、ハイブリッドな雰(ふん)囲(い)気(き)も加(か)味(み)され、よりモダンでお洒(しゃ)落(れ)度(ど)も高(たか)め。
       Shika mo chesutā kōto no in ni daun besuto o reiyādo shita koto de, haiburiddo na fun'iki mo kami sare, yori modan de o-share do mo takame.
       Furthermore, by layering a Chesterfield coat with a down vest on the inside, it creates a hybrid feel that is even more modern and stylish.
* (boat racing) racing line, inside line (the most optimal route to finish a race)
    Antonym: アウト (auto)
** 2022 February 18, “Saishin ban! In ga tsuyoi kyōteijō rankingu [Latest edition! Ranking boatyards with strongest inside line]”, in Bōtorīman‎:
    またインコースだけではない各(かく)コースの勝(しょう)率(りつ)のいい競(きょう)艇(てい)場(じょう)も紹(しょう)介(かい)していますので、最(さい)後(ご)まで目(め)を通(とお)してみてください！
       Mata in kōsu dake de wa nai kaku kōsu no shōritsu no ī kyōteijō mo shōkai shiteimasu no de, saigo made me o tōshite mite kudasai!
       We also introduce boatyards that have strong winning percentages not just for the racing line but for each position, so keep reading to the end!
* (golf) the back nine; the last nine holes of an 18-hole golf course
    Antonym: アウト (auto)

##### Derived terms

* (boat racing):
** イン逃(に)げ (in-nige)
** イン屋(や) (in-ya)

#### Verb

インする • (in suru) suru (stem インし (in shi), past インした (in shita))
* to put something in
    Synonym: 入れる (ireru)
    卵(たまご)をインする
       tamago o in suru
       to add the egg
* to tuck in (clothing)
    Synonym: 入れる (ireru)
    シャツをインする
       shatsu o in suru
       to tuck in one's shirt
* to enter (a listing)
    Synonyms: 入る (hairu, “to enter”), ランクインする (ranku-in suru, “to enter a ranking”)
* to enter (in general)
    Synonym: 入る (hairu)
    布(ふ)団(とん)にインする
       futon ni in suru
       to enter a futon

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | インし | in shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | インし | in shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | インする | in suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | インする | in suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | インすれ | in sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | インせよ¹ インしろ² | in seyo¹ in shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | インされる | in sareru |
| Causative | インさせる インさす | in saseru in sasu |
| Potential | インできる | in dekiru |
| Volitional | インしよう | in shiyō |
| Negative | インしない | in shinai |
| Negative continuative | インせず | in sezu |
| Formal | インします | in shimasu |
| Perfective | インした | in shita |
| Conjunctive | インして | in shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | インすれば | in sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Etymology 2

From English inn.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ĩɴ]

#### Noun

イン • (in)
* inn
** 1988 March, JTB Travel, “Puchi penshon to rizōto inn [Small pensions and resort inns]”, in Jikokuhyō fukkokuban‎:
    清(せい)潔(けつ)でおちついた旅(たび)の宿(やど)プチペンション。リゾートホテル感(かん)覚(かく)で優(ゆう)雅(が)な時(とき)を楽(たの)しむリゾートイン。
       Seiketsu de ochitsuita tabi no yado puchi penshon. Rizōto hoteru kankaku de yūga na toki o tanoshimu rizōto in.
       Clean and relaxing travel lodging in small pensions. Resort inns where you can enjoy the refined elegance of a resort hotel.
** 2002, Noritake Kanzaki, Tabi to shoku [Travel and food], page 248:
    インは、滞(たい)在(ざい)する旅(りょ)行(こう)者(しゃ)に食(しょく)事(じ)を出(だ)したが、客(きゃく)は、食(しょく)事(じ)が出(だ)された時(とき)に、出(だ)された物(もの)を食(た)べなければならなかった。
       In wa, taizai suru ryokōsha ni shokuji o dashita ga, kyaku wa, shokuji ga dasareta toki ni, dasareta mono o tabenakereba naranakatta.
       Inns served meals to overnight guests, but guests were obliged at mealtimes to accept whatever food was offered.

##### Usage notes

* Aside from usage in specific company or brand names, such as 東急イン (“Tokyu Inn”), this term appears to be used primarily to refer to smaller overnight lodging establishments outside of Japan.

##### See also

* ビジネスホテル (bijinesu hoteru, literally “business hotel”)

### References

* 1 2 3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN