OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 無鱗𫙱
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bô-lân-khiân
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bô-lân-khiân
*** Tâi-lô: bô-lân-khiân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: boilanqieen
*** IPA (Xiamen): /bo²⁴⁻²² lan²⁴⁻²² kʰiɛn²⁴/

### Noun

無鱗𫙱
* (Xiamen Hokkien) Etrumeus micropus

#### Synonyms

* 脂眼鯡／脂眼鲱 (zhīyǎnfēi)
* (Hokkien) 火管𫙱
# 營壘
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yínglěi
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄟˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jing$^4$ leoi$^5$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): êng-lúi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yínglěi
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yínglěi
*** Wade–Giles: ying$^2$-lei$^3$
*** Yale: yíng-lěi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yngleei
*** Palladius: инлэй (inlɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ³⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jing$^4$ leoi$^5$
*** Yale: yìhng léuih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jing$^4$ loey$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ying$^4$ lêu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪŋ²¹ lɵy̯¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: êng-lúi
*** Tâi-lô: îng-luí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: engluie
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ²⁴⁻²² lui⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ¹³⁻²² lui⁵³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iɪŋ²⁴⁻²² lui⁵³/

### Noun

營壘
* barracks and the enclosing walls
* camp
    From: 1935, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《論反對日本帝國主義的策略》 (On Tactics Against Japanese Imperialism), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition
    Zhèyàng, jiù bùnéng bǎ dírén yínglěi zhōng bèi guǒxié de rénmen, guòqù shì dírén ér jīnrì kěnéng zuò yǒujūn de rénmen, dōu cóng dírén yínglěi zhōng hé dírén zhànxiàn shàng lā guòlai. [Pinyin]
    It would mean inability to draw to our side all those in the enemy camp and on the enemy front who have joined them under compulsion, and those who were our enemies yesterday but may become our friends today.
# 浮现
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 浮现 – see 浮現 (“to emerge; to appear; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 浮現).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 海況
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hǎikuàng
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˇ ㄎㄨㄤˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎikuàng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˇ ㄎㄨㄤˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎikuàng
*** Wade–Giles: hai$^3$-kʻuang$^4$
*** Yale: hǎi-kwàng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haekuanq
*** Palladius: хайкуан (xajkuan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

### Noun

海況
* sea state
# 爰金
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuánjīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun$^4$ gam$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuánjīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuánjin
*** Wade–Giles: yüan$^2$-chin$^1$
*** Yale: ywán-jīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuanjin
*** Palladius: юаньцзинь (juanʹczinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^4$ gam$^1$
*** Yale: yùhn gām
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^4$ gam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^4$ gem$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn²¹ kɐm⁵⁵/

### Noun

爰金
* (historical, numismatics) Ying yuan, a gold coin minted in the state of Chu during the Warring States period
# 爮

| 爮 | U+722E, &#29230; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-722E |
| ← 爭 [U+722D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 爯 → [U+722F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

爮 (Kangxi radical 87, 爪+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹人心口山 (HOPRU) or 難竹人心口 (XHOPR), composition ⿺爪包)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 689, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19670
* Dae Jaweon: page 1102, character 6
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2033, character 3
* Unihan data for U+722E

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): páo (pao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): paau$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: páo
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: páo
*** Wade–Giles: pʻao$^2$
*** Yale: páu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paur
*** Palladius: пао (pao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: paau$^4$
*** Yale: pàauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: paau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰaːu̯²¹/

### Definitions

爮
* to scratch
# 牛叉
## Chinese
### Etymology

A euphemistic form of 牛屄 (niúbī), replacing the vulgar character with 叉 (chā, “×”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): niúchā
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄔㄚ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niúchā
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄔㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nióucha
*** Wade–Giles: niu$^2$-chʻa$^1$
*** Yale: nyóu-chā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nioucha
*** Palladius: нюча (njuča)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: niúrchār
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˊㄦ ㄔㄚㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: nióurchar
*** Wade–Giles: niu$^2$-ʼrh-chʻa$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: nyóur-chār
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nioulchal
*** Palladius: нюрчар (njurčar)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑɻ⁵⁵/

### Adjective

牛叉
* (Mainland China, Mandarin, slang, euphemistic) freaking awesome

#### Synonyms

* 牛屄 (niúbī)

### See also

* 傻屄 (shǎbī)
* 酷斃／酷毙 (kùbì)
# 牛劍
## Chinese
### Etymology

牛津 (Niújīn, “Oxford”) + 劍橋／剑桥 (Jiànqiáo, “Cambridge”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Niújiàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ngau$^4$ gim$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Niújiàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Nióujiàn
*** Wade–Giles: Niu$^2$-chien$^4$
*** Yale: Nyóu-jyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Nioujiann
*** Palladius: Нюцзянь (Njuczjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ngau$^4$ gim$^3$
*** Yale: ngàuh gim
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ngau$^4$ gim$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ngeo$^4$ gim$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋɐu̯²¹ kiːm³³/

### Proper noun

牛劍
* Oxbridge (the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge collectively)
# 済まない
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 済
* す Grade: 6
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 濟まない (kyūjitai)

### Adjective

済(す)まない • (sumanai) -i (adverbial 済(す)まなく (sumanaku))
* inexcusable

### Interjection

済(す)まない • (sumanai)
* I'm sorry; excuse me

#### Usage notes

* This is a less polite form of the formal すみません (sumimasen). Using it with unfamiliar people can be deemed arrogant or impolite.

#### Synonyms

* すみません (sumimasen)
# 済みません
## Japanese

* Kanji in this term
* 済
* す Grade: 6
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spelling
* 濟みません (kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of 済みません – see the following entry. :
| 【すみません】 | [interjection] sorry! (in apology, more formal than ごめんなさい (gomennasai)) [interjection] excuse me! (attempting to get someone's attention) [interjection] thank you! (in the case of someone having done something for you) |
(This term, 済みません, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 特殊法人
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 特 | 殊 | 法 | 人 |
| とく Grade: 4 | しゅ Grade: S | ほう Grade: 4 | じん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||||

### Noun

特(とく)殊(しゅ)法(ほう)人(じん) • (tokushuhōjin)
* semigovernmental corporation
# 特殊相対性理論
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 特 | 殊 | 相 | 対 | 性 | 理 | 論 |
| とく Grade: 4 | しゅ Grade: S | そう Grade: 3 | たい Grade: 3 | せい Grade: 5 | り Grade: 2 | ろん Grade: 6 |
| kan'on | kan'on | goon | goon | kan'on | on'yomi | on'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 特殊相對性理論 (kyūjitai)

### Etymology

From 特殊 (tokushu, “special”) +‎ 相対性理論 (sōtaisei riron, “theory of relativity”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とくしゅそーたいせーりろん [tòkúshú sóótáíséé ríꜜròǹ] (Nakadaka – [10])
* IPA: [to̞kɯ̟̊ɕɨ so̞ːta̠ise̞ː ɾʲiɾõ̞ɴ]

### Noun

特(とく)殊(しゅ)相(そう)対(たい)性(せい)理(り)論(ろん) • (tokushu sōtaisei riron)
* (relativity) special relativity
    Synonym: 特殊相対論 (tokushu sōtairon)
# 特殊恆星
## Chinese

| | | special; exceptional | fixed star |
| trad. (特殊恆星) | trad. (特殊恆星) | 特殊 | 恆星 |
| simp. (特殊恒星) | simp. (特殊恒星) | 特殊 | 恒星 |
* 特殊恆星

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tèshū héngxīng
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄜˋ ㄕㄨ ㄏㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄥ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tèshū héngxīng
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄜˋ ㄕㄨ ㄏㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tèshu héngsing
*** Wade–Giles: tʻê$^4$-shu$^1$ hêng$^2$-hsing$^1$
*** Yale: tè-shū héng-syīng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tehshu herngshing
*** Palladius: тэшу хэнсин (tɛšu xɛnsin)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɤ⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵ xɤŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

### Noun

特殊恆星
* (astronomy) chemically peculiar star
# 煙害
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 煙 | 害 |
| えん Grade: S | がい Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

Compound of 煙(えん) (en, “smoke”) + 害(がい) (gai, “damage; harm”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ẽ̞ŋɡa̠i]

### Noun

煙(えん)害(がい) • (engai)
* smoke pollution; damage or injure cased by smoke
# 煙塵烏
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ian-thûn-o͘
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ian-thûn-o͘
*** Tâi-lô: ian-thûn-oo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ientun'of
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰun¹³⁻²² ɔ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰun²⁴⁻²² ɔ⁴⁴/

### Noun

煙塵烏
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) soot; cinder

#### Synonyms

* 煙垢／烟垢
* (Hokkien) 煙塵／烟尘 (ian-thûn), 烏煙塵／乌烟尘
# 激増
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 激 | 増 |
| げき Grade: 6 | ぞう Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 激增 (kyūjitai)

### Noun

激(げき)増(ぞう) • (gekizō)
* sudden increase

#### Antonyms

* 激減(げきげん) (gekigen)

### Verb

激(げき)増(ぞう)する • (gekizō suru) intransitive suru (stem 激(げき)増(ぞう)し (gekizō shi), past 激(げき)増(ぞう)した (gekizō shita))
* show a sudden increase
    高齢者(こうれいしゃ)による犯罪(はんざい)が激増(げきぞう)する
       kōreisha ni yoru hanzai ga gekizō suru
       crime by the elderly is increasing sharply

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 激増し | げきぞうし | gekizō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 激増し | げきぞうし | gekizō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 激増する | げきぞうする | gekizō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 激増する | げきぞうする | gekizō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 激増すれ | げきぞうすれ | gekizō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 激増せよ¹ 激増しろ² | げきぞうせよ¹ げきぞうしろ² | gekizō seyo¹ gekizō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 激増される | げきぞうされる | gekizō sareru |
| Causative | 激増させる 激増さす | げきぞうさせる げきぞうさす | gekizō saseru gekizō sasu |
| Potential | 激増できる | げきぞうできる | gekizō dekiru |
| Volitional | 激増しよう | げきぞうしよう | gekizō shiyō |
| Negative | 激増しない | げきぞうしない | gekizō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 激増せず | げきぞうせず | gekizō sezu |
| Formal | 激増します | げきぞうします | gekizō shimasu |
| Perfective | 激増した | げきぞうした | gekizō shita |
| Conjunctive | 激増して | げきぞうして | gekizō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 激増すれば | げきぞうすれば | gekizō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||
# 激外外
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kek-gōa-gōa
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kek-gōa-gōa
*** Tâi-lô: kik-guā-guā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kekgoaxgoa
*** IPA (Taipei): /kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡua³³⁻¹¹ ɡua³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡua³³⁻²¹ ɡua³³/

### Idiom

激外外
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) to stand back; to not care and be indifferent about a matter

#### Synonyms

* 置身事外 (zhìshēnshìwài)
* 超然物外 (chāoránwùwài)
# 滅此朝食
## Chinese

| | | extinguish | this; these | to breakfast; to have breakfast; breakfast |
| trad. (滅此朝食) | trad. (滅此朝食) | 滅 | 此 | 朝食 |
| simp. (灭此朝食) | simp. (灭此朝食) | 灭 | 此 | 朝食 |
| Literally: “to not have breakfast before the enemy is wiped out”. |||||

### Etymology

From 《左傳·成公二年》: 余姑翦滅此而朝食.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): miècǐzhāoshí
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄝˋ ㄘˇ ㄓㄠ ㄕˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mit$^6$ ci$^2$ ziu$^1$ sik$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: miècǐzhāoshí
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄝˋ ㄘˇ ㄓㄠ ㄕˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: miècǐhjhaoshíh
*** Wade–Giles: mieh$^4$-tzʻŭ$^3$-chao$^1$-shih$^2$
*** Yale: myè-tsž-jāu-shŕ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: miehtsyyjaushyr
*** Palladius: мецычжаоши (mecyčžaoši)
*** Sinological IPA : /mi̯ɛ⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mit$^6$ ci$^2$ ziu$^1$ sik$^6$
*** Yale: miht chí jīu sihk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mit$^9$ tsi$^2$ dziu$^1$ sik$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: mid$^6$ qi$^2$ jiu$^1$ xig$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /miːt̚² t͡sʰiː³⁵ t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ sɪk̚²/

### Idiom

滅此朝食
* (figuratively) to be resolute to annihilate the enemy
# 爲善不欲人知
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 爲善不欲人知 – see 為善不欲人知 (“Those who do good deeds, should not do so out of a desire for others to know about it.”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 為善不欲人知).
# 爲意
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 爲意 – see 為意 (“to be aware of”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 為意).
# 爲因
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 爲因 – see 為因 (“since; because”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 為因).
# 澄静
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 澄静 – see 澄靜 (“clear and calm”). (This term is the simplified form of 澄靜).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 猪獾
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 猪獾 – see 豬獾 (“sand badger”). (This term is the simplified form of 豬獾).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 猪种
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 猪种 – see 豬種 (“female pig; sow”). (This term is the simplified form of 豬種).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 濟州特別自治道
## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 濟 | 州 | 特 | 別 | 自 | 治 | 道 |

### Proper noun

濟州特別自治道 • (Jejuteukbyeoljachido) (hangeul 제주특별자치도)
* hanja form of 제주특별자치도 (“Jeju Special Self-Governing Province”)
# 濟州市
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Jìzhōu shì
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ ㄓㄡ ㄕˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Jìzhōu shì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ ㄓㄡ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jìjhou shìh
*** Wade–Giles: Chi$^4$-chou$^1$ shih$^4$
*** Yale: Jì-jōu shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jihjou shyh
*** Palladius: Цзичжоу ши (Czičžou ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

### Proper noun

濟州市
* Jeju City
# 濟州方言
## Chinese

| | | Jizhou | dialect; topolect; regional language variety |
| trad. (濟州方言) | trad. (濟州方言) | 濟州 | 方言 |
| simp. (济州方言) | simp. (济州方言) | 济州 | 方言 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Jìzhōu fāngyán
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ ㄓㄡ ㄈㄤ ㄧㄢˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Jìzhōu fāngyán
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ ㄓㄡ ㄈㄤ ㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jìjhou fangyán
*** Wade–Giles: Chi$^4$-chou$^1$ fang$^1$-yen$^2$
*** Yale: Jì-jōu fāng-yán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jihjou fangyan
*** Palladius: Цзичжоу фанъянь (Czičžou fanʺjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

### Noun

濟州方言
* Jeju language

#### Synonyms

* 濟州話／济州话 (Jìzhōu huà)
* 濟州語／济州语 (Jìzhōuyǔ)
# 濟寧
## Chinese

* 濟寧 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 濟寧 (Cantonese)
* 濟寧市 (Classical)
* Cá̤-nìng (Eastern Min)
* Chè-lêng-chhī (Southern Min)
* 济宁市 (Wu)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Jǐníng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˇ ㄋㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zai$^3$ ning$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Jǐníng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ ㄋㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Jǐníng
*** Wade–Giles: Chi$^3$-ning$^2$
*** Yale: Jǐ-níng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jiining
*** Palladius: Цзинин (Czinin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zai$^3$ ning$^4$
*** Yale: jai nìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzai$^3$ ning$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zei$^3$ ning$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐi̯³³ nɪŋ²¹/

### Proper noun

濟寧
* (～市) Jining (a prefecture-level city in Shandong, China)
# 灰色收入
## Chinese

| | | gray | to take in; to receive; to reflectto take in; to receive; to reflect; to shine |
| trad. (灰色收入) | trad. (灰色收入) | 灰色 | 收入 |
| simp. $^#$(灰色收入) | simp. $^#$(灰色收入) | 灰色 | 收入 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huīsè shōurù
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟ ㄙㄜˋ ㄕㄡ ㄖㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fui$^1$ sik$^1$ sau$^1$ jap$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huīsè shōurù
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟ ㄙㄜˋ ㄕㄡ ㄖㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hueisè shourù
*** Wade–Giles: hui$^1$-sê$^4$ shou$^1$-ju$^4$
*** Yale: hwēi-sè shōu-rù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hueiseh shouruh
*** Palladius: хуэйсэ шоужу (xuejsɛ šoužu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ sɤ⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʐu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fui$^1$ sik$^1$ sau$^1$ jap$^6$
*** Yale: fūi sīk sāu yahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fui$^1$ sik$^7$ sau$^1$ jap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fui$^1$ xig$^1$ seo$^1$ yeb$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuːi̯⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵ sɐu̯⁵⁵ jɐp̚²/

### Noun

灰色收入
* grey income; off-the-books income

#### Coordinate terms

* 白色收入 (báisè shōurù)
* 黑色收入 (hēisè shōurù)
# 灰色熊
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 灰 | 色 | 熊 |
| はい Grade: 6 | いろ Grade: 2 | くま > ぐま Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |||

### Etymology

灰色 (hai-iro, “gray”) +‎ 熊 (kuma, “bear”)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) はいいろぐま [hàííróꜜgùmà] (Nakadaka – [4])
* IPA: [ha̠iiɾo̞ɡɯ̟ma̠]

### Noun

灰(はい)色(いろ)熊(ぐま) or 灰色熊(ハイイログマ) • (haiiroguma)
* a grizzly bear

#### Synonyms

* グリズリー (gurizurī)
# 琴瑟和鳴
## Chinese

| | | the qin and the se | to echo each other in singing; to sing or play in harmony |
| trad. (琴瑟和鳴) | trad. (琴瑟和鳴) | 琴瑟 | 和鳴 |
| simp. (琴瑟和鸣) | simp. (琴瑟和鸣) | 琴瑟 | 和鸣 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qínsèhémíng
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄙㄜˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kam$^4$ sat$^1$ wo$^6$ ming$^4$ / kam$^4$ sat$^1$ wo$^4$ ming$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qínsèhémíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄙㄜˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cínsèhémíng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻin$^2$-sê$^4$-ho$^2$-ming$^2$
*** Yale: chín-sè-hé-míng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chynsehherming
*** Palladius: циньсэхэмин (cinʹsɛxɛmin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰin³⁵ sɤ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ miŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kam$^4$ sat$^1$ wo$^6$ ming$^4$ / kam$^4$ sat$^1$ wo$^4$ ming$^4$
*** Yale: kàhm sāt woh mìhng / kàhm sāt wòh mìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kam$^4$ sat$^7$ wo$^6$ ming$^4$ / kam$^4$ sat$^7$ wo$^4$ ming$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kem$^4$ sed$^1$ wo$^6$ ming$^4$ / kem$^4$ sed$^1$ wo$^4$ ming$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐm²¹ sɐt̚⁵ wɔː²² mɪŋ²¹/, /kʰɐm²¹ sɐt̚⁵ wɔː²¹ mɪŋ²¹/

### Idiom

琴瑟和鳴
* (of a married couple) in perfect harmony

#### Related terms

* 琴瑟調和／琴瑟调和
* 琴瑟和諧／琴瑟和谐
* 琴瑟相調／琴瑟相调
* 琴瑟和好
* 琴瑟友之
* 琴瑟之好
* 琴瑟失調／琴瑟失调
* 琴瑟不調／琴瑟不调
# 犂明
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 犂明 – see 黎明 (“dawn; daybreak”). (This term is the simplified form of 犁明, which is in turn a variant form of 黎明).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 猛鸷
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 猛鸷 – see 猛鷙 (“hawk; eagle”). (This term is the simplified form of 猛鷙).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 烏哩單刀
## Chinese

| | | a crow; black; nota crow; black; not; empty; void | mile; (part. for continued state); (onomat.) | bill; list; formbill; list; form; single; only; sole; surname; chieftain | knife |
| trad. (烏哩單刀) | trad. (烏哩單刀) | 烏 | 哩 | 單 | 刀 |
| simp. (乌哩单刀) | simp. (乌哩单刀) | 乌 | 哩 | 单 | 刀 |
| alternative forms | alternative forms | 污哩單刀／污哩单刀 污唎單叨／污唎单叨 烏厘單刀／乌厘单刀 烏喱單刀／乌喱单刀 | 污哩單刀／污哩单刀 污唎單叨／污唎单叨 烏厘單刀／乌厘单刀 烏喱單刀／乌喱单刀 | 污哩單刀／污哩单刀 污唎單叨／污唎单叨 烏厘單刀／乌厘单刀 烏喱單刀／乌喱单刀 | 污哩單刀／污哩单刀 污唎單叨／污唎单叨 烏厘單刀／乌厘单刀 烏喱單刀／乌喱单刀 |

### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): wu$^1$ lei$^1$ daan$^1$ dou$^1$ / wu$^1$ li$^1$ daan$^1$ dou$^1$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wu$^1$ lei$^1$ daan$^1$ dou$^1$ / wu$^1$ li$^1$ daan$^1$ dou$^1$
*** Yale: wū lēi dāan dōu / wū lī dāan dōu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wu$^1$ lei$^1$ daan$^1$ dou$^1$ / wu$^1$ li$^1$ daan$^1$ dou$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wu$^1$ léi$^1$ dan$^1$ dou$^1$ / wu$^1$ li$^1$ dan$^1$ dou$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuː⁵⁵ lei̯⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/, /wuː⁵⁵ liː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/

### Adjective

烏哩單刀
* (Cantonese) messy, disorderly, chaotic

#### Synonyms

* 一塌糊塗／一塌糊涂
* 亂／乱 (luàn)
* 亂七八糟／乱七八糟 (luànqībāzāo)
* 亂雜／乱杂 (luànzá) (literary)
* 凌亂 (língluàn)
* 嘈亂／嘈乱 (cáoluàn) (literary, of sound)
* 大鼎炒狗蟻／大鼎炒狗蚁 (Hokkien)
* 挐亂／挐乱 (Hokkien)
* 擾擾／扰扰 (rǎorǎo)
* 散亂／散乱 (sǎnluàn)
* 有七無八／有七无八 (Hokkien)
* 殽亂／淆乱 (xiáoluàn) (literary)
* 混亂／混乱 (hùnluàn)
* 烏七八糟／乌七八糟 (wūqībāzāo)
* 無序／无序 (wúxù)
* 狼戾 (Hakka, literary)
* 狼狼戾戾 (Hakka)
* 狼藉 (lángjí)
* 立立亂／立立乱 (lap$^6$ lap$^{6-2}$ lyun$^6$) (Cantonese)
* 糊塗／糊涂
* 糾紛／纠纷 (jiūfēn) (literary)
* 紊 (wěn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 紛亂／纷乱 (fēnluàn)
* 紊亂／紊乱 (wěnluàn)
* 紛雜／纷杂 (fēnzá) (literary)
* 繚亂／缭乱 (liáoluàn) (formal)
* 肆亂／肆乱 (sìluàn) (literary)
* 荊棘／荆棘 (jīngjí) (literary, figurative)
* 蕪雜／芜杂 (wúzá)
* 雜亂／杂乱 (záluàn)
* 雜醪膏／杂醪膏 (Xiamen Hokkien, Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 鬼打樣／鬼打样 (Hakka)

#### Related terms

* 烏哩馬叉／乌哩马叉
# 炸膛
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhàtáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄚˋ ㄊㄤˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhàtáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˋ ㄊㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhàtáng
*** Wade–Giles: cha$^4$-tʻang$^2$
*** Yale: jà-táng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jahtarng
*** Palladius: чжатан (čžatan)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

### Verb

炸膛
* (of a gun barrel) to explode

#### Synonyms

* 爆膛 (bàotáng)
# 状态词
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 状态词 – see 狀態詞. (This term is the simplified form of 狀態詞).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 王女
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wángnǚ
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˊ ㄋㄩˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wángnǚ
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˊ ㄋㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wángnyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: wang$^2$-nü$^3$
*** Yale: wáng-nyǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wangneu
*** Palladius: ваннюй (vannjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /wɑŋ³⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

王女
* (archaic) king's lady

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 王 | 女 |
| おう Grade: 1 | じょ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
From Middle Chinese 王女 (hjwang nrjo$^X$, literally “king + female”). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おーじょ [óꜜòjò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [o̞ːʑo̞]

#### Noun

王(おう)女(じょ) • (ōjo)
* a princess (king's daughter)
** 1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “世(せ)界(かい)名(めい)作(さく)童(どう)話(わ)第(だい)２(に)巻(かん)　ねむれる森(もり)の美(び)女(じょ) [World’s Renowned Fairy Tales Book 2: Sleeping Beauty]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 115:
    このときから、ねむれぬ森(もり)の王(おう)女(じょ)とよばれるようになった。
       Kono toki kara, Nemurenu Mori no Ōjo to yobareru yō ni natta.
       From that day on, she became known as the Sleepless Beauty.

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 王 | 女 |
| おう Grade: 1 | にょ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||
From Middle Chinese 王女 (hjwang nrjo$^X$, literally “king + female”). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おーにょ [óꜜònyò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [o̞ːɲ̟o̞]

#### Noun

王(おう)女(にょ) • (ōnyo)
* a princess (king's daughter)

### Usage notes

* 王女 refers more specifically to the daughter of a king, as opposed to 王妃 (ōhi, “queen consort”) or 姫 (hime, “female member of royal family; shogun's daughter or consort”). All of those three terms may be translated as "princess" into English.

### See also

* 王(おう)子(じ) (ōji, “prince”)
* 女(じょ)王(おう) (joō, “queen regnant”)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
# 片场
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 片场 – see 片場 (“filming site; set; studio”). (This term is the simplified form of 片場).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.