# 鏈

| 鏈 | U+93C8, &#37832; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-93C8 |
| ← 鏇 [U+93C7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鏉 → [U+93C9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鏈 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+11, 19 strokes, cangjie input 金卜十十 (CYJJ), four-corner 8513$_0$, composition ⿰釒連)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1319, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40779
* Dae Jaweon: page 1819, character 10
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4239, character 4
* Unihan data for U+93C8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 連 | *ren |
| 漣 | *ren |
| 鰱 | *ren |
| 翴 | *ren |
| 鏈 | *ren, *rens, *r̥ʰen |
| 璉 | *renʔ |
| 僆 | *renʔ, *reːns |
| 摙 | *renʔ, *rens |
| 蓮 | *renʔ, *reːn |
| 嗹 | *reːn |
| 縺 | *reːn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ren, *rens, *r̥ʰen) : semantic 金 + phonetic 連 (OC *ren).

### Etymology 1

From 連 (MC ljen).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liàn (lian$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lin$^{6-2}$ / lin$^6$ / lin$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): len$^{5*}$ / len$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): lien
    (Meixian, Guangdong): liên$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): lie$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): lièng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): liān
    (Teochew, Peng'im): liang$^7$ / liêng$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$li
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: liàn
*** Wade–Giles: lien$^4$
*** Yale: lyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liann
*** Palladius: лянь (ljanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lin$^{6-2}$ / lin$^6$ / lin$^4$
*** Yale: lín / lihn / lìhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lin$^{6-2}$ / lin$^6$ / lin$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lin$^{6-2}$ / lin$^6$ / lin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /liːn²²⁻³⁵/, /liːn²²/, /liːn²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: len$^{5*}$ / len$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /len³²⁻³²⁵/, /len³²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lien
*** Hakka Romanization System: lien
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /li̯en⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: liên$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /liɛn⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: lie$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /lie⁴⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: lièng
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ieŋ⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liān
*** Tâi-lô: liān
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lien
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /liɛn²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /liɛn⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /liɛn³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: liang$^7$ / liêng$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liāng / liēng
*** Sinological IPA : /liaŋ¹¹/, /lieŋ¹¹/
* liang7 - Shantou;
* liêng7 - Chaozhou.
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*rens/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鏈 |
| Reading # | 2/3 |
| No. | 8002 |
| Phonetic component | 連 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𤹨 |
| Old Chinese | /*rens/ |
| Notes | 連晚起分化字， 見六書故 |

#### Definitions

鏈
* chain; wire; cable
    鏈子／链子 ― liànzi ― chain
* chain; shack
* to chain
* chain (unit of length equal to 22 yards)

#### Compounds

* 人鏈／人链 (rénliàn)
* 手鏈／手链 (shǒuliàn)
* 拉鏈／拉链 (lāliàn)
* 拉鏈工程／拉链工程
* 火鏈片／火链片
* 腳鏈／脚链 (jiǎoliàn)
* 袚鏈／袚链
* 鉸鏈／铰链 (jiǎoliàn)
* 鎖鏈／锁链 (suǒliàn)
* 鏈子／链子 (liànzi)
* 鏈條／链条 (liàntiáo)
* 鏈椎／链椎
* 鏈球／链球 (liànqiú)
* 鏈球菌／链球菌 (liànqiújūn)
* 鏈軌／链轨
* 鏈鉗子／链钳子
* 鏈鎖反應／链锁反应
* 鏈黴素／链霉素
* 項鏈／项链 (xiàngliàn)
* 頸鏈／颈链
* 食物鏈／食物链 (shíwùliàn)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lián (lian$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lián
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lián
*** Wade–Giles: lien$^2$
*** Yale: lyán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lian
*** Palladius: лянь (ljanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯ɛn³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: trhjen, ljen
Rime :
| Character | 鏈 | 鏈 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 徹 (10) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (79) | 仙 (77) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 丑延切 | 力延切 |
| Baxter | trhjen | ljen |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈʰˠiᴇn/ | /liᴇn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈʰᵚiɛn/ | /liɛn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶʰiæn/ | /ljæn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈʰian/ | /lian/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶʰjɛn/ | /liɛn/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶʰĭɛn/ | /lĭɛn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȶʰi̯ɛn/ | /li̯ɛn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chān | lián |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cin$^1$ | lin$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ren/, /*r̥ʰen/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 鏈 | 鏈 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 7996 | 8003 |
| Phonetic component | 連 | 連 |
| Rime group | 元 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 連 | 脠 |
| Old Chinese | /*ren/ | /*r̥ʰen/ |

#### Definitions

鏈
* copper
* lead mine
* mine

### References

* “鏈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* chain
* irons
* connection

#### Readings

* Go-on: てん (ten)、れん (ren)
* Kan-on: てん (ten)、れん (ren)
* Kun: くさり (kusari, 鏈)

### Definitions

* Kanji in this term
* 鏈
* くさり Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 鏈 – see the following entry. :
| 【鎖くさり】S | [noun] a chain Alternative spellings 鐺, 鉧, 鏁 |
(This term, 鏈, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ɾjʌ̹n]
* Phonetic hangul: [련]

### Hanja

Wikisource 鏈 • (ryeon>yeon) (hangeul 련>연)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

鏈: Hán Nôm readings: liên
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.