# Iunius
## Latin
### Alternative forms

* iūnius, Jūnius, jūnius

### Etymology

From Iūnō + -ius.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈi̯uː.ni.us/, [ˈi̯uːniʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈju.ni.us/, [ˈjuːnius]

### Adjective

Iūnius (feminine Iūnia, neuter Iūnium); first/second-declension adjective
* Of the Junian gens
* of June

#### Usage notes

In Classical Latin, month names were regularly used as adjectives, generally modifying a case-form of mēnsis m sg (“month”) or of one of the nouns used in the Roman calendar to refer to specific days of the month from which other days were counted: Calendae f pl (“calends”), Nōnae f pl (“nones”), Īdūs f pl (“ides”). However, the masculine noun mēnsis could be omitted by ellipsis, so the masculine singular forms of month names eventually came to be used as proper nouns.
The accusative plural adjective forms Aprīlīs, Septembrīs, Octōbrīs, Novembrīs, Decembrīs are ambiguous in writing, being spelled identically to the genitive singular forms of the nouns; nevertheless, the use of ablative singular forms in -ī and comparison with the usage of other month names as adjectives supports the interpretation of -is as an accusative plural adjective ending in Classical Latin phrases such as "kalendas Septembris".

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

### Proper noun

Iūnius m (genitive Iūniī or Iūnī); second declension
* Junius; a Roman nomen gentile, gens or "family name".
* June (short for mēnsis Iūnius)

#### Declension

Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | Iūnius | Iūniī |
| Genitive | Iūniī Iūnī$^1$ | Iūniōrum |
| Dative | Iūniō | Iūniīs |
| Accusative | Iūnium | Iūniōs |
| Ablative | Iūniō | Iūniīs |
| Vocative | Iūnī | Iūniī |
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Descendants

* Franco-Provençal: jouin
* Gallo-Italic
** Emilian: zógn
** Ligurian: zûgno
** Lombard: giügn
** Piedmontese: giugn
* Italo-Dalmatian
** Corsican: ghjugnu
** Italian: giugno
** Neapolitan: giùgno
    Tarantino: sciugne
** Sicilian: giugnu
*** → Maltese: Ġunju
* Old French: juin, juing
** French: juin
*** Haitian Creole: jen
*** → Iranian Persian: ژوئن (žu'an)
*** → South Azerbaijani: ژوئن (juən)
*** → Tunisian Arabic: جوان (juān)
** Norman: juîn, juin, djwĩ
** Walloon: djun
** Middle English: juyn, juyng
*** ⇒ Middle English: june (relatinized)
**** English: June (see there for further descendants)
**** Scots: Juin
** ⇒ Old French: juignet (“July”) (diminutive)
*** → Sicilian: giugnettu
*** ⇒ Old French: juillet (alteration, based on juil (“July”))
**** French: juillet
***** Haitian Creole: jiyè
***** → Franco-Provençal: j·ulyèt
***** → Iranian Persian: ژوئیه (žu'iye)
***** → South Azerbaijani: ژوئیه (juiyə)
***** → Tunisian Arabic: جويلية (juīlia)
**** Norman: juilet
**** Walloon: djulete
* Old Occitan:
** Catalan: juny
** Occitan: junh
* Rhaeto-Romance
** Friulian: Zugn, Jugn
** Ladin: jugn
** Romansch: gün
* Venetian: giugno, xugno, zugno
** Cimbrian: sunjo, jugno (Sette Comuni)
* West Iberian
** Aragonese: chuño; chunio (probably semi-learned)
** Extremaduran: juñu
** Old Leonese:
*** Asturian: xunu
*** Mirandese: Júnio
** Old Galician-Portuguese: junio, junyo
*** Galician: xuño
*** Portuguese: junho (see there for further descendants)
** Old Spanish:
*** Spanish: junio (probably semi-learned) (see there for further descendants)
*** Ladino: djunio
* → Ancient Greek: Ἰούνιος (Ioúnios) (see there for further descendants)

##### Unsorted borrowings

These borrowings are ultimately but perhaps not directly from Latin. They are organized into geographical and language family groups, not by etymology.
* Africa
** Northern and Horn
*** Amharic: ጁን (ǧun)
*** Somali: Juun
** Subsaharan
*** Igbo: Juun
*** Ewe: Yuni
*** Kongo: yuni
*** Lingala: yúni
*** Malagasy: Jona
*** Tumbuka: Juni
* Americas
** Inuktitut: ᔪᓂ (yoni)
* Asia and Oceania
** Central and Western Asia
*** Arabic: يُونِيُو (yūniyū), يُونِيُو (yūniyū)
*** Hebrew: יוני (yúni)
** South Asia
*** Dhivehi: ޖޫން (jūn̊)
*** Kannada: ಜೂನ (jūna)
*** Malayalam: ജൂണ് (jūṇ)
*** Marathi: जून (jūn)
*** Odia: ଜୁନ୍ (jun)
*** Pashto: جون (ǰun)
*** Sinhalese: ජූනි (jūni)
*** Tamil: ஜூன் (jūṉ)
*** Urdu: جون (jūn)
** Oceanian and Southeastern Asia
*** Balinese: Juni
*** Banjarese: Juni
*** Chamorro: Huño
*** Fijian: June
*** Gilbertese: Tune
*** Javanese: juni
*** Minangkabau: juni
*** Samoan: Iuni
*** Sundanese: Juni
*** Tahitian: tiunu
*** Telugu: జూన్ (jūn)
* Europe
** Hungarian: június
** Baltic
*** Latvian: jūnijs
*** Livonian: jūnij
** Germanic
*** North Germanic
**** Danish: juni
***** → Greenlandic: juuni
**** Faroese: juni
**** Icelandic: júní
**** Norwegian: juni
**** Swedish: juni
*** West Germanic
**** Alemannic German: Juni
**** Bavarian: Juni
**** Dutch: juni
***** Afrikaans: Junie
***** Negerhollands: junie
***** →? Caribbean Hindustani: jun
***** → Indonesian: Juni
***** → Papiamentu: yüni
***** → Trió: juuni
**** Dutch Low Saxon: juni
**** German: Juni, Juno (almost exclusively in speech; in order to better distinguish from Juli)
***** → Estonian: juuni
***** → Kashubian: juny
**** German Low German: Juni
**** Limburgish: zjuunje
**** Luxembourgish: Juni
**** North Frisian: jüüne, juuni
**** Pennsylvania German: Yuni
**** Saterland Frisian: Juni
**** West Flemish: juni
**** West Frisian: juny
**** Yiddish: יוני (yuni)
** Slavic
*** Bulgarian: юни (juni)
*** Lower Sorbian: junij
*** Macedonian: јуни (juni)
*** Carpathian Rusyn: юн (jun)
*** Serbo-Croatian: juni, jun / јуни, јун
*** Slovak: jún
*** Slovene: junij
*** Upper Sorbian: junij

### See also

* Roman calendar on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### References

* ↑ Karl Gottlob Zumpt (1853) Leonhard Schmitz, Charles Anthon, transl., A Grammar of the Latin Language, 3rd edition, pages 31, 85
* ↑ Gaeng, Paul A. (1968) An Inquiry into Local Variations in Vulgar Latin: As Reflected in the Vocalism of Christian Inscriptions, page 183
* ↑ Frost, P. (1861) The Germania and Agricola of Tacitus, page 161