# 瘤

| 瘤 | U+7624, &#30244; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7624 |
| ← 瘣 [U+7623] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 瘥 → [U+7625] |

## Translingual
### Han character

瘤 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 大竹竹田 (KHHW), four-corner 0016$_2$, composition ⿸疒留)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 778, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22408
* Dae Jaweon: page 1188, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2690, character 8
* Unihan data for U+7624

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 卯 | *mruːʔ |
| 昴 | *mruːʔ |
| 泖 | *mruːʔ |
| 茆 | *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ |
| 奅 | *m̥ʰruːs |
| 窌 | *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus |
| 聊 | *m·rɯːw |
| 貿 | *mlus |
| 鄮 | *mlus |
| 劉 | *m·ru |
| 留 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
| 蒥 | *m·ru |
| 鶹 | *m·ru |
| 騮 | *m·ru |
| 榴 | *m·ru |
| 瑠 | *ru |
| 瘤 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
| 遛 | *m·ru |
| 鎦 | *m·ru |
| 飀 | *m·ru |
| 鰡 | *m·ru |
| 嵧 | *m·ru |
| 餾 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
| 瀏 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
| 懰 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
| 柳 | *m·ruʔ |
| 珋 | *m·ruʔ |
| 罶 | *m·ruʔ |
| 嬼 | *m·ruʔ, *m·rus |
| 溜 | *m·rus |
| 霤 | *m·rus |
| 廇 | *m·rus |
| 塯 | *m·rus |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ru, *m·rus) : semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 留 (OC *m·ru, *m·rus).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): liú (liu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lau$^4$ / lau$^{4-2}$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): liù
    (Meixian, Guangdong): liu$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): liù
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): lâu / liû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lao$^5$ / liu$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$lieu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: liú
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lióu
*** Wade–Giles: liu$^2$
*** Yale: lyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liou
*** Palladius: лю (lju)
*** Sinological IPA : /li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lau$^4$ / lau$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: làuh / láu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lau$^4$ / lau$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: leo$^4$ / leo$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɐu̯²¹/, /lɐu̯²¹⁻³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù
*** Hakka Romanization System: liu$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: liu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /li̯u¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: liu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /liu¹¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: liù
*** Sinological IPA : /l̃ieu⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâu
*** Tâi-lô: lâu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: laau
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lau²³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /lau²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lau¹³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liû
*** Tâi-lô: liû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: liuu
*** IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /liu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /liu²³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /liu¹³/
* lâu - vernacular;
* liû - literary.
* Middle Chinese: ljuw, ljuwH
Rime :
| Character | 瘤 | 瘤 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 力求切 | 力救切 |
| Baxter | ljuw | ljuwH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /lɨu/ | /lɨu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /liu/ | /liu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /liəu/ | /liəu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /luw/ | /luw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /liu/ | /liu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭəu/ | /lĭəu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /li̯ə̯u/ | /li̯ə̯u$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | liú | liù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lau$^4$ | lau$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*m·ru/, /*m·rus/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 瘤 | 瘤 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 8888 | 8909 |
| Phonetic component | 卯 | 卯 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 劉 | 溜 |
| Old Chinese | /*m·ru/ | /*m·rus/ |

### Definitions

瘤
* tumor (Classifier: 個／个 c)
    生瘤 [Cantonese] ― saang$^1$ lau$^{4-2}$ [Jyutping] ― to get a tumour
* (regional) bump; swelling; bruise (Classifier: 個／个 c)
       ngo$^5$ kam$^4$ jat$^6$ zong$^6$ can$^1$ go$^3$ tau$^4$, hei$^2$ zo$^2$ go$^3$ lau$^{4-2}$. [Jyutping]
       Yesterday, I hit my head and got a bump.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 腫瘤 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 瘤子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 瘤子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 腫瘤 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 瘤子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 瘤子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 瘤子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 瘤子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 瘤 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 瘤 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 瘤, 腫瘤 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 瘤 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 瘤 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 瘤 |

### Compounds

* 動脈瘤／动脉瘤 (dòngmàiliú)
* 宿瘤
* 惡性腫瘤／恶性肿瘤 (èxìng zhǒngliú)
* 杉瘤
* 根瘤 (gēnliú)
* 根瘤菌 (gēnliújūn)
* 楠瘤
* 楓瘤人／枫瘤人
* 樹瘤／树瘤
* 毒瘤 (dúliú)
* 淋巴瘤 (línbāliú)
* 瘤子 (liúzi)
* 瘤牛 (liúniú)
* 瘤癭／瘤瘿
* 瘤結／瘤结
* 瘤胃 (liúwèi)
* 瘤贅／瘤赘
* 瘤魁
* 癭瘤／瘿瘤
* 肉瘤 (ròuliú)
* 脂肪瘤 (zhīfángliú)
* 腦瘤／脑瘤 (nǎoliú)
* 腫瘤／肿瘤 (zhǒngliú)
* 腦腫瘤／脑肿瘤
* 良性瘤
* 良性腫瘤／良性肿瘤 (liángxìng zhǒngliú)
* 蝨瘤／虱瘤
* 血管瘤 (xuèguǎnliú)
* 贅瘤／赘瘤 (zhuìliú)
* 銜瘤／衔瘤
* 靜脈瘤／静脉瘤
* 骨腫瘤／骨肿瘤

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* bump
* swelling or tumor

#### Readings

* Go-on: る (ru)
* Kan-on: りゅう (ryū)
* Kun: こぶ (kobu, 瘤)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 瘤
* こぶ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 瘤 – see the following entry. :
| 【こぶ】 | [noun] lump, bump (on the body) [noun] knot in a tree [noun] someone in the way [noun] child |
(This term, 瘤, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

瘤 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune–Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

瘤: Hán Nôm readings: lựu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.