# ὑπακούω
## Ancient Greek
### Etymology

From ὑπο- (hupo-, “under”) +‎ ἀκούω (akoúō, “to listen”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hy.pa.kǔː.ɔː/ → /y.paˈku.o/ → /i.paˈku.o/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /hy.pa.kǔː.ɔː/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /(h)y.paˈku.o/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /y.paˈku.o/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /y.paˈku.o/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /i.paˈku.o/

### Verb

ῠ̔πᾰκούω • (hupakoúō)
* (absolute) to listen, hearken, give ear
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.4
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.485
** 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite 180
** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 318
** 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Ctesiphon 56
** to make answer when called
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.283
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.83
*** 438 BCE, Euripides, Alcestis 400
*** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 273
*** 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Theocritus, Collected Works 13.59
*** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, On the Mysteries 112
*** 425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 878
*** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 360
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Agesilaus 3.4
*** 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Against Timarchus 49
*** 343 BCE, Demosthenes, On the False Embassy 266
** (with the genitive of object) to listen or hearken to, give ear to, heed, attend to
*** 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 162D
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 8.1.20
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 708D
*** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 459C
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1333A.18
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.98
*** 250 CE – 350 CE, Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 6.247D
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.148
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.119
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 325A
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 2.2.3
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.29
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 774B
* (special senses)
** (of porters) to answer a knock at the door
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Crito 43A
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 59E
*** New Testament, Acts of the Apostles 12:13
*** 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Characters 4.9
*** 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Characters 28.3
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Symposium 1.11
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Evergus and Mnesibulus 35
** (of a judge) to listen to a complaint
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 8.1.18
*** 4th century BC, Isaeus, Nicostratus 28
*** 343 BCE, Demosthenes, On the False Embassy 257
*** 390 BCE – 322 BCE, Hyperides, In Defence of Euxenippus 2
** (of dependents, subjects) to obey, submit to
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.101
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.56
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.82
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.61
*** 90 CE – 168 CE, Ptolemy, Tetrabiblos 35
** to answer one's expectations, to succeed
*** 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Icaromenippus 10
*** 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 9.1.23
** (figuratively) to be subject to the sun's rays
*** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 3.24
*** 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On the Causes of Plants 1.15.1
*** 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On the Causes of Plants 5.4.2
*** 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 18.68
** (of ailments) to yield, give way to a remedy
*** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Epidemics 3.8
*** 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 6.354
*** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Prorrhetics 2.39
*** 50 CE – 150 CE, Soranus, Collected Works 1.122
*** 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 6.439
*** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Theseus 1
*** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Archytas, Collected Works 1
*** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.802B
*** 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Epidemics 4.45
*** 50 CE – 150 CE, Soranus, Collected Works 2.62
** to concede a point in a dispute
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Topics 161B.15
* to understand under
** 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Philebus 31C
** 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.23C
** 110 BCE – 35 BCE, Philodemus, On Poems 5.35
** (grammar) to understand a word omitted
*** 50 CE – 250 CE, Apollonius Dyscolus, On Syntax 22.21
*** 50 CE – 250 CE, Apollonius Dyscolus, On Pronouns 68.15

#### Descendants

* Greek: υπακούω (ypakoúo)

### Further reading

* “ὑπακούω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “ὑπακούω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “ὑπακούω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* ὑπακούω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* ὑπακούω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “ὑπακούω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G5219 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible