# 孝心
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiàoxīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haau$^3$ sam$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hau-sîm
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hàu-sim
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàoxīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ ㄒㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàosin
*** Wade–Giles: hsiao$^4$-hsin$^1$
*** Yale: syàu-syīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiawshin
*** Palladius: сяосинь (sjaosinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haau$^3$ sam$^1$
*** Yale: haau sām
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haau$^3$ sam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hao$^3$ sem$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /haːu̯³³ sɐm⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hau-sîm
*** Hakka Romanization System: hau xim$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hau$^4$ xim$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /hau̯⁵⁵ sim²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hàu-sim
*** Tâi-lô: hàu-sim
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haosym
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hau²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sim³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hau²¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hau¹¹⁻⁵³ sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hau²¹⁻⁴¹ sim⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: xaewH sim
Rime :
| Character | 孝 | 心 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | III |
| Fanqie | 呼敎切 | 息林切 |
| Baxter | xaewH | sim |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hˠau$^H$/ | /siɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hᵚau$^H$/ | /sim/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xau$^H$/ | /sjem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /haɨw$^H$/ | /sim/ |
| Li Rong | /xau$^H$/ | /siəm/ |
| Wang Li | /xau$^H$/ | /sĭĕm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /xau$^H$/ | /si̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiào | xīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | haau$^3$ | sam$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰˤ<r>uʔ-s səm/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰruːs slɯm/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 孝 | 心 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiào | xīn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xæw$^H$ › | ‹ sim › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰˁ<r>uʔ-s/ | /*səm/ |
| English | filial | heart |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 孝 | 心 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13771 | 13801 |
| Phonetic component | 孝 | 心 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 孝 | 心 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰruːs/ | /*slɯm/ |

### Noun

孝心
* filial piety; filial duty

#### Synonyms

* 孝 (xiào)
* 孝悌 (xiàotì) (filial piety and fraternal duty)
* 孝情 (xiàoqíng) (literary)
* 孝義／孝义 (xiàoyì) (devotion to one's parents and loyalty to one's friends)
* 孝行 (acts of filial piety)
* 孝道 (xiàodào)
* 孝順／孝顺 (xiàoshùn)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 孝心(こうしん) (kōshin)
* → Korean: 효심(孝心) (hyosim)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 孝 | 心 |
| こう Grade: 6 | しん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

From 孝 (kō, “filial piety”) + 心 (shin, “heart”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) こーしん [kòóshíń] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) こーしん [kóꜜòshìǹ] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ko̞ːɕĩɴ]

### Noun

孝(こう)心(しん) • (kōshin)
* filial devotion, filial affection

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 孝 | 心 |

### Noun

孝心 • (hyosim) (hangeul 효심)
* hanja form of 효심 (“filial piety”)