# بیش
## Brahui
### Alternative forms

* بھِیش (bhīś)

### Etymology

Unknown. Compare Sanskrit वेसर (vesara), वेशर (veśara, “mule”).

### Noun

بِیش (bīś)
* donkey

#### Derived terms

* بِیشِی (bīśī, “donkey man”)

### References

* Bray, Denys (1934) “bīsh”, in The Brahui Language‎, Calcutta, India: Superintendent Government Printing, Part II: The Brāhūī Problem; Part III: Etymological Vocabulary, page 75

## Chagatai
### Numeral

بیش (beş)
* five (5)

#### Descendants

* Ili Turki: besh
* Uyghur: بەش (besh)
* Uzbek: besh

## Persian
### Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wyš /⁠wēš⁠/, “more”), probably borrowed from Avestan 𐬠𐬌𐬱 (biš, “twice”), from 𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬌𐬀 (da$^i$bitiia).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [beːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [beːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [beːʃ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [beːʃ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [beːʃ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [biːʃ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [beʃ]

#### Adverb

| Dari | بیش |
| Iranian Persian | بیش |
| Tajik | беш |
بیش • (biš)
* more
    Synonym: بیشتر (bištar)
    این کشور بیش از پیش ثروتمند است.in kešvar biš az piš servatmand ast.This country is wealthier than before.

##### Descendants

* → Assamese: বেছি (besi)
* → Bengali: বেশ (beś)
* → Urdu: بیش (beś)

#### References

* ↑ Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 115
* ↑ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 487

### Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (byš /⁠bīš⁠/, “aconite”), from Sanskrit विषा (viṣā, “Aconitum ferox”), from विष (viṣa, “poison”), whence English bikh.

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [biːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [biːʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [biːʃ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [biːʃ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [biʃ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [biːʃ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [biʃ]

#### Noun

بیش • (biš)
* aconite

##### Descendants

* → Arabic: بِيش (bīš)
* → Middle Armenian: բէշ (bēš), բիշ (biš), պէշ (pēš), պիշ (piš)

#### Further reading

* Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բէշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 446–447
* Laufer, Berthold (1919) Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran, with special reference to the history of cultivated plants and products (Fieldiana, Anthropology; 15), volume 3, Chicago: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, page 582
* MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 18
* Palatecʻi, Gēorg Dpir (1829) “պիյշ”, in Baṙaran Parskerēn əst kargi haykakan aybubenicʻ [Persian Dictionary in the Order of the Armenian Alphabet] (in Armenian), Constantinople: Boghos Arabian Press, page 442b
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “بیش”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 221

## Torwali
### Etymology

From Sanskrit वंशी (vaṃśī, “flute”). Compare Hindi बाँसुरी (bā̃surī).

### Noun

بیش (bīš)
* flute

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بیش (bēš).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /beːʃ/

### Adjective

بیش • (beš) (Hindi spelling बेश)
* more, greater
* excess, too much, a lot
    Synonyms: کافِی (kāfī), بَہَت (bahat), خُوب (xūb), اَنیک (anek)

### References

* “بیش”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “بیش”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

## Ushojo
### Noun

بیش (beš)
* beam
* beam made of wood