# 揤

| 揤 | U+63E4, &#25572; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63E4 |
| ← 揣 [U+63E3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 揥 → [U+63E5] |
| 揤 | U+2F8BD, &#194749; CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8BD |
| ← 掃 [U+2F8BC] | CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement | 𢯱 → [U+2F8BE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

揤 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手日戈中 (QAIL), four-corner 5702$_0$, composition ⿰扌即)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 443, character 15
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12373
* Dae Jaweon: page 794, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1920, character 4
* Unihan data for U+63E4
* Unihan data for U+2F8BD

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 卪 | *ʔsiːɡ |
| 癤 | *ʔsiːɡ |
| 幯 | *ʔsiːɡ |
| 節 | *ʔsiːɡ |
| 蝍 | *ʔsiːɡ, *ʔsiɡ, *ʔsɯɡ |
| 蠞 | *ziːɡ |
| 堲 | *ʔsiɡ, *ʔsɯɡ, *zɯɡ |
| 唧 | *ʔsiɡ, *ʔsɯɡ |
| 楖 | *ʔsiɡ, *ʔsriɡ, *ʔsɯɡ |
| 揤 | *ziɡ, *ʔsɯɡ |
| 櫛 | *ʔsriɡ |
| 瀄 | *ʔsriɡ |
| 擳 | *ʔsriɡ |
| 即 | *ʔsɯɡ |
| 鯽 | *ʔsɯɡ, *ʔseɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ziɡ, *ʔsɯɡ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 即 (OC *ʔsɯɡ).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jí (ji$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zat$^1$ / zeot$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jí
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jí
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$
*** Yale: jí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
*** Palladius: цзи (czi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zat$^1$ / zeot$^1$
*** Yale: jāt / jēut
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzat$^7$ / dzoet$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zed$^1$ / zêd$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐt̚⁵/, /t͡sɵt̚⁵/
* Middle Chinese: dzit, tsik
Rime :
| Character | 揤 | 揤 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 從 (15) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 質 (48) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 秦悉切 | 子力切 |
| Baxter | dzit | tsik |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ziɪt̚/ | /t͡sɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡zit̚/ | /t͡sɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡zjet̚/ | /t͡siek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡zit̚/ | /t͡sik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ziĕt̚/ | /t͡siək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡zĭĕt̚/ | /t͡sĭək̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /d͡zʱi̯ĕt̚/ | /t͡si̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jí | ji |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zat$^6$ | zik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ziɡ/, /*ʔsɯɡ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 揤 | 揤 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 5720 | 5731 |
| Phonetic component | 即 | 即 |
| Rime group | 質 | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 疾 | 即 |
| Old Chinese | /*ziɡ/ | /*ʔsɯɡ/ |

#### Definitions

揤
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhi̍h / ji̍h / li̍h / chhī / jī
    (Teochew, Peng'im): rih$^8$
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Hsinchu, Kinmen, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhi̍h
*** Tâi-lô: tshi̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chih
*** IPA (Lukang): /t͡sʰiʔ³⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan): /t͡sʰiʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Singapore): /t͡sʰiʔ⁴³/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sʰiʔ⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡sʰiʔ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Magong)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ji̍h
*** Tâi-lô: ji̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: jih
*** IPA (Tainan): /d͡ziʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziʔ¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: li̍h
*** Tâi-lô: li̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lih
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /liʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Kinmen): /liʔ⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Sanxia, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhī
*** Tâi-lô: tshī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chi
*** IPA (Yilan): /t͡sʰi³³/
** (Hokkien: Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jī
*** Tâi-lô: jī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ji
*** IPA (Yilan): /d͡zi³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: rih$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ji̍h
*** Sinological IPA : /d͡ziʔ⁴/

#### Definitions

揤
* (Southern Min) to press

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 按 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 按, 摁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 按 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 按 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 按 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 按, 摁 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 按, 壓 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 按, 逞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 按, 逞 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 捺 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 按, 捺 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 撳, 的 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 撳 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 撳 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 擪 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 撳 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 按, 陣 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 撳 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 撳 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 撳 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 撳 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 撳, 擪 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 撳 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 擪 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 撳 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 按 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 壓 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 扼 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 揤 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 揤, 捏 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 揤, 捏 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 揤 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 揤 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 撳 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 撳 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 撳 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 捺, 捼 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 捘, 按 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 撳 |

#### Compounds

* 歪膏揤斜 (oai-ko-chhi̍h-chhoa̍h) (Min Nan)

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B01293
* “揤”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* “Query for 揤”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.