# 牛螕
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gu$^2$ bi$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): gû-pi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ghu$^5$ bi$^5$
* Puxian Min
** (Putian, Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: gu$^2$ bi$^1$ [Phonetic: gu$^5$ bi$^1$]
*** Sinological IPA : /ku¹³⁻²¹ pi⁵³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû-pi
*** Tâi-lô: gû-pi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gu'py
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² pi⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² pi³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡu¹³⁻²² pi⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ pi⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³⁻³³ pi⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ghu$^5$ bi$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: gû pî
*** Sinological IPA : /ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pi⁵⁵/

### Noun

牛螕
* (Southern Min, Puxian Min) gadfly
* (Puxian Min) miser; penny-pincher

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 牛虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 牛虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 瞎虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 瞎虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 牛虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 牛翁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 牛虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 牛虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 大瞎虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 大瞎虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 瞎虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 瞎虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 瞎眼虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 瞎虻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 瞎虻 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 牛虻 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 牛虻, 瞎虻 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 牛虻 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 虻子, 牛骨丁 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 牛虻, 虻子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 牛虻 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 牛虻 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 瞎虻子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 瞎眼兒虻 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 瞎黑兒虻 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 瞎虻 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 牛虻 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 牛虻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 牛虻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 牛虻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 牛虻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 牛虻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 牛配 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 牛虻, 惡虻, 牛蠅子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 牛虻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 牛虻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 牛虻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 牛虻 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 牛虻鑽 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 牛毛簪 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 虻扎 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 虻站 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 牛蹦蟲 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 牛虻, 牛虻子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 牛虻 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 牛虻, 牛虻叮叮 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 牛虻 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 笨蟲 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 草兵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 牛蚊子, 牛虻 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 牛蚊子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 牛蚊子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 牛蝨子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 牛蒼蠅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 牛蚊子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 牛蚊子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 牛虻 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 牛虻 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 牛虻 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 牛虻 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 牛蚊子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 牛蚊 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 牛蚊子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 牛蚊子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 牛蝨子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 牛蝨子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 牛蝨子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 牛蒼蠅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 牛鱉, 牛虻 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 牛蠅, 牛虻 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 牛毛蜱 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 牛蚊子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 虻鑽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 牛虻子, 牛蠅子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 牛虻子, 牛虻 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 牛虻子, 牛虻 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 牛虻子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 牛蒼蠅, 牛蠓蠓 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 牛蒼蠅, 麻蠅子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 牛虻 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 牛虻 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 綠虻 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 牛蠅 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 金烏蠅 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 牛蜱 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 牛蠅 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 牛蠅 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 牛蠅 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 牛蠅 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 牛蚊子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 牛屎烏蠅 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 牛烏蠅 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 綠虻 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 木虻 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 牛虻 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 牛蜱 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 虻站, 牛壁蝨 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 虻蠅 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 牛虻, 瞎虻 |
| Jin | Datong | 瞎虻 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 虻站 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 虻蠅, 虻沾 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 牛蠅 |
| Jin | Linhe | 瞎虻 |
| Jin | Jining | 牛虻 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 瞎虻, 虻子 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 蜂兒 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 瞎虻 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 牛虻, 瞎虻 |
| Jin | Handan | 牛虻, 牛蠅 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 牛豆哦 |
| Jin | Suide | 虻鑽 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 牛嫲蠅 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 牛虻叮 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 牛螕, 牛蝨 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 牛蟊 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 牛蟊 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 牛螕, 牛蝨 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 牛蝨 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 牛肚螕 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 牛胡蠅 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 牛蜂 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Sijie) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Pingle (Zhoutang) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Yingde (Yuzui) | 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Yunan (Liantan) | 牛屎母, 牛螕 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 牛螕, 牛螉 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 牛虻 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 牛虻 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 牛螕 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 牛蚊子 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 牛鱉 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 虻蠅, 牛虻 |
| Wu | Danyang | 牛蒼蠅, 牛蚊 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 牛虻 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 黃蜢, 牛虻 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 牛虻, 牛蒼蠅 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 牛草鈀兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 牛蚊子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 牛欄蚊 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 牛鱉 |
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吝嗇鬼, 小氣鬼, 鐵公雞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 貧摳兒, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 死摳兒, 小氣鬼, 嗇刻鬼, 嗇殼子, 鐵公雞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吝嗇鬼, 小氣鬼, 鐵公雞, 守財奴 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 老摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 吝嗇鬼, 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 看財奴, 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 吝嗇鬼, 小店兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 吝嗇鬼, 小摳兒, 小氣鬼, 窮頭 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 吝嗇鬼, 小摳兒, 小店兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 吝嗇鬼, 小摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 吝嗇鬼, 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 吝嗇鬼, 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 吝嗇鬼, 看財奴, 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 窮摳兒, 老錢包兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 老摳, 摳惜, 摳吸鬼兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 吝嗇鬼, 老細絲, 摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 看財奴, 守財奴 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 老摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 小氣鬼, 死摳 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 小氣鬼, 看財奴, 鐵公雞 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 小摳兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 小氣鬼兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 小摳摳兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 小氣鬼, 老割 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 玍古蛋子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 小摳兒, 摳癟嗇, 鐵公雞, 琉璃公雞蘸皮膠, 看財奴, 老摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 小氣鬼, 甲魚頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 老摳兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 小氣鬼, 鐵公雞 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 仔細佬鬼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 吝嗇鬼, 老尖頭, 老摳兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 摳兒, 小氣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 老摳兒, 鐵公雞 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 嗇條 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 吝嗇鬼, 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 吝嗇鬼, 嗇皮, 嗇皮甲甲子, 鐵公雞 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 小氣鬼 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 小氣鬼, 摳皮蟲兒, 老摳, 摳摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 搜摳兒, 搜屄摳兒, 小氣鬼兒, 小氣鬼, 小摳兒, 肉頭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 小氣毛, 嗇鱉 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 嗇子皮, 鐵公雞, 嗇皮鬼, 小氣鬼 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 嗇皮, 嗇鬼, 冰草根 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 嗇皮, 毬皮, 小氣鬼 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 窮倯鬼, 小氣鬼, 嗇皮鬼, 嗇皮, 老嗇皮, 老摳兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 嗇夾子, 嗇家子, 苟夾夾, 吝嗇鬼, 老坎, 老牛筋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 夾 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 老牛筋, 嗇洽子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 吝嗇鬼, 老慳, 嗇皮鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 吝嗇鬼, 鐵雞娃兒, 財狗, 夾, 逗角兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吝嗇鬼, 小氣鬼, 慳蛋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 吝嗇鬼, 小氣鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 嗇家鬼, 小氣鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 吝嗇鬼, 小氣鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 夾摳客, 夾殼核桃, 摳摳客, 摳神, 財迷, 老財迷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 夾殼兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 夾摳老者, 財迷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 小氣鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 尖鉤鉤, 尖鉤子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 吝嗇鬼, 小氣鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 小氣鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 小氣鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 小氣鬼, 沙屁股, 鐵公雞 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 錐子婆, 過勁婆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 小氣鬼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 吝嗇鬼, 嗇皮 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 小氣鬼, 嗇摳, 嗇皮乾兒, 嗇乾兒, 嗇兒鬼, 摳頭兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 小氣鬼子, 嗇刻鬼, 嗇巴子, 嗇屄苛子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 吝嗇鬼, 小氣鬼, 肉頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 小氣鬼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 鐵公雞, 小氣鬼, 小氣鬼兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 小氣鬼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 摳巴生 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 吝嗇鬼, 小氣鬼, 摳巴精 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 小氣鬼 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 度縮, 孤寒度, 孤寒種, 孤寒鬼, 算死草, 阿隔, 鐵沙梨, 知微友, 知慎友 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 度縮, 孤寒度, 孤寒種, 孤寒鬼, 算死草 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 度縮, 孤寒種, 孤寒蟲, 孤寒鬼 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 嗇鬼, 嗇屄 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 慳吝鬼 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 齧鬼, 淒老鬼, 吝嗇鬼 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 孤寒鬼 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 孤寒佬, 孤寒鬼, 孤寒度, 孤寒搭度, 孤寒種, 蔑屑鬼 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) | 孤寒佬 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) | 孤寒佬 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) | 孤寒佬 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 小氣鬼 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) | 孤寒佬 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) | 孤寒佬 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 孤寒鬼, 孤寒佬 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 孤寒種 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) | 孤寒佬 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 孤寒佬 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) | 寒酸佬 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 孤寒鬼 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) | 小蔑鬼 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 小蔑鬼 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 齧察鬼 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) | 孤寒佬 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) | 孤寒鬼 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 小氣鬼 |
| Hakka | Changting | 齧察鬼 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 齧察貨 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 齧察鬼 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 齧察鬼, 鼻血鬼 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 惡蛆 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 齧鬼, 齧察鬼, 錢桊仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 齧鬼, 齧察鬼, 錢桊仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 齧鬼, 齧察鬼, 錢桊仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 齧鬼, 齧察鬼, 錢桊 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 齧鬼, 齧察鬼, 錢桊仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 虯鬼, 錢桊 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 小毛鬼, 小氣鬼, 鐵公雞 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 小氣鬼, 小米鬼 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 圪沁頭, 圪噙頭, 圪縮鬼, 小氣鬼, 看財奴, 窟綠圪蛋 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 吝嗇鬼, 老摳 |
| Jin | Datong | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 把家猴, 看財奴兒 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 精骨子, 財迷精 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 摳摳手, 老財迷 |
| Jin | Linhe | 小氣鬼, 憋腦, 缺頭 |
| Jin | Jining | 吝嗇鬼 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 老缺頭 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 小氣鬼 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 老惜絲 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 吝嗇鬼, 老摳 |
| Jin | Handan | 老摳兒, 小氣 |
| Jin | Suide | 嗇皮, 老摳兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 嗇鄙鬼 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 貽順哥, 奸狡利, 十絕哥 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 小氣鬼, 貽順哥 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 枵鬼儂, 貓𡳞儂 vulgar, 㾀屎儂 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 枵鬼儂 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 㾀屎客 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 鱉囝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 枵鬼儂 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 竭仔哥, 竭仔頭, 凍霜仔鬼, 錢奴才 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 鹹澀鬼 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 鹹澀鬼 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 鹹澀佬, 鼠鬼相 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 刺麻傍 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 鹹澀鬼 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 小氣鬼 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 小氣鬼, 密屑鬼, 刮皮鬼, 鐵公雞, 老刮鏟 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 小氣精 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 掐煞鬼, 嗇客 |
| Wu | Danyang | 嗇掐鬼, 小氣鬼 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 小氣鬼, 小氣鬼兒, 精馬鬼兒, 鐵公雞 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 小氣屄, 刮皮鬼 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 小氣屄, 貓兒屄, 貓屄客, 臭皮蛋 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 小氣鬼, 刻嗇鬼 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 摳鬼 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 小相鬼 |

### Adjective

牛螕
* (Taiwanese Hokkien, figurative) stingy; miserly

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 吝, 嗇, 慳, 吝嗇, 慳吝 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吝嗇, 小氣, 慳吝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 小氣, 摳, 摳兒, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 死摳兒, 摳搜, 摳唆, 嗇刻 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 吝嗇, 摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 小摳兒, 小氣 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 吝嗇, 摳, 摳門兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 摳, 摳門兒, 小摳兒, 摳搜, 小氣, 夾夾咕咕, 玍屄 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 小摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 摳門兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 吝嗇, 小摳, 摳 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 吝嗇, 摳, 摳搜, 渠 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 吝嗇 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吝嗇 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 摳兒, 摳門兒, 摳唆, 死摳兒, 窮摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 摳惜 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 摳, 窮摳 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 摳, 老摳兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 摳, 不出息 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 摳, 摳門兒, 小氣 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 黑饞 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 吝嗇, 摳, 小摳兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 摳, 奸 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 摳, 摳搜 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 奸, 拤古 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 拤古 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 摳唆, 小氣, 吝嗇 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 吝嗇, 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 老摳兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 摳, 小氣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 摳, 老鱉一 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 摳兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 摳, 尖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 尖 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 小氣, 嗇, 吝嗇, 嗇皮, 摳 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 嗇皮 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 吝嗇 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 摳, 摳皮, 細詳, 搜, 小氣 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 搜, 摳, 搜摳兒, 搜摳, 搜屄摳兒, 薄氣, 不出血 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 吝嗇, 摳, 尖 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 摳搜, 薄嗇, 嗇, 小氣 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 摳搜, 嗇皮, 嗇, 小氣 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 嗇 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 摳 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 摳, 摳搜, 嗇皮, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 摳, 小氣, 夾, 苟, 嗇, 坎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 嗇, 坎 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 吝嗇, 夾, 財, 老默, 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吝嗇, 摳, 慳, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 吝嗇, 嗇, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 吝嗇, 雀薄 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 吝嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 摳, 夾摳, 夾殼, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 摳, 夾殼兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 夾摳, 夾殼 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 吝嗇, 摳, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 尖鉤鉤 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 吝嗇, 小氣, 秀, 秀氣郎當 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin (Lingui) | 吝嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吝嗇, 摳, 沙, 小氣 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou (Luorong) | 吝嗇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 摳 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 嗇皮 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 摳, 嗇, 小氣, 尿日鬼 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 摳, 小氣, 嗇掐, 嗇苛, 嗇, 吝嗇 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 吝嗇, 免頭 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 小氣 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 小氣, 嗇掐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 摳 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 摳, 尿 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 摳, 小氣, 算小 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 小氣, 慳, 刻薄 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 孤寒, 慳濕, 度縮, 眼緊, 縮骨, 麻米, 細囈, 小氣, 知微, 知慎 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 孤寒, 度縮, 縮骨 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 孤寒, 針屎 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 孤寒, 針屎 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 耳屎, 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 孤寒, 縮骨 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 孤寒, 小格 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 小氣, 慳嗇 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 孤寒, 小氣 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Beiliu (Tangliao) | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 慳 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 慳濕, 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 細氣 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 孤寒 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 小氣 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 孤寒 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 嗇, 小氣 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 慳吝, 小氣 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 肋嗇, 嗇魔, 小氣 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 齧, 齧察, 歪, 孤寒, 皮西艾曬, 唆嗇, 淒老 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 歪 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 孤寒, 蔑屑 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 小氣, 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 孤寒 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 嗇 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 齧察 |
| Hakka | Changting | 癄 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 齧 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 歪, 齧察 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 精 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 小氣, 小相 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 小氣 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 精, 小氣 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 齧, 齧察, 齧唧, 鹹合澀, 鹹澀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 齧, 齧察, 齧合澀, 澀齧 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 齧, 齧察, 鹹合澀 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 齧察, 齧合澀 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 硞, 虯, 鹹合澀 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 摳 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 小氣 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 小毛, 小氣, 小鬼 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 小氣, 吃小米 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 小氣, 摳索, 吝嗇 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 摳, 小氣 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 吝嗇, 摳, 磨慳, 慳 |
| Jin | Datong | 吝嗇, 摳 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 鬼祟, 小氣 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 摳 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 摳, 慳, 摳搜 |
| Jin | Linhe | 憋, 缺 |
| Jin | Jining | 摳 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 小氣 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 摳, 小氣 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 摳唆 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 摳門兒, 摳, 吝嗇 |
| Jin | Handan | 小氣, 摳兒門兒, 摳兒, 嗇結頭 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 摳 |
| Jin | Suide | 嗇 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 嗇鄙, 小癖氣 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 小氣 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 嗇鄙 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 嗇鄙 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 嗇 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 嗇 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 貽順, 奸狡, 奸狡利, 小氣, 十絕 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 小氣, 𣍐捨, 奸小利 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 枵鬼, 譴相, 小鄙臉, 貓, 貓神, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 凍霜, 攝屎, 鄙釐, 虯, 竭, 𣍐做儂 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 枵鬼, 譴相, 貓, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 貓潲 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 雞孫, 捻𡳞 vulgar, 捻, 鄙釐, 虯, 𣍐做儂 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 枵鬼, 小鬼臉, 㾀屎庀 vulgar, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹澀韌, 蟯, 蟯鬼, 蟯疕, 桶庀, 鄙釐, 毛絲, 虯, 𣍐做儂, 雞攝膣, 攝雞膣, 攝屎, 𠢕儉 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 枝釐 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 夾絲 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 凍霜 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 孤獨 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 牛螕, 苛頭, 凍霜, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 孤霜, 㾀屎 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 牛螕, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 凍霜, 硞 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭, 硞, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Tianliao) | 凍霜, 苛頭 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 凍霜, 貓筩, 鹹澀, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 虯, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 凍霜, 硞, 硞仔頭 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 凍霜 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 虯, 苛頭, 凍霜, 硞, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 硞, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 凍霜 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 凍霜, 鹹澀, 㾀屎 vulgar, 鹹 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 凍霜, 孤霜, 鹹澀, 牛螕, 虯 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 孤獨, 凍霜, 鹹澀, 苛頭 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 鹹澀, 鹹 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 枵鬼, 貓, 鹹, 澀, 鹹澀, 鹹掛澀, 貓潲 vulgar, 貓𡳞 vulgar, 㾀屎 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 鹹澀, 鹹, 汌, 貓潲 vulgar |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 挾潲 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 澀鼻 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 鹹澀, 酸澀, 迡噝, 奸狡, 鼠鬼相 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 鹹澀, 貓 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 慳, 慳嘜, 刻目, 刺麻 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 鹹澀, 細氣 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 鹹澀 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 鹹澀, 鹹 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 鹹澀 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 鹹澀 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 孤寒 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 孤寒, 孽屎 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 小氣, 小相 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Chaoyang) | 小氣 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Zhuyuan) | 吝嗇 |
| Northern Pinghua | Lingchuan (Tanxia) | 小氣 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 小氣, 密屑, 賅刁, 摳, 刮皮, 酷, 刁, 勿爽氣 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 小氣 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 小氣, 算小, 掐 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 小氣, 嗇 |
| Wu | Changzhou | 小氣 |
| Wu | Danyang | 嗇掐, 小氣 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 小氣, 精馬, 精巴 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 小氣, 刮皮 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 小氣, 貓, 吃不得 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 小氣, 刻嗇, 貓涴 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 吝毛, 小氣, 摳, 疜 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 小相 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 小氣 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 吝嗇 |
| Xiang | Guanyang (Wenshi) | 小相 |
| Xiangnan Tuhua | Jiangyong | 小氣 |

### References

* 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “牛螕”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 239.