# 蠹

| 蠹 | U+8839, &#34873; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8839 |
| ← 蠸 [U+8838] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蠺 → [U+883A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蠹 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+18, 24 strokes, cangjie input 十月一口戈 (JBMRI), four-corner 4013$_6$, composition ⿳⿱𰀉冖石䖵)
* moth
* insects which eat into cloth

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1104, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33896
* Dae Jaweon: page 1567, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2908, character 9
* Unihan data for U+8839

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 蠹
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 柘 | *tjaɡs |
| 妬 | *taːɡs |
| 蠹 | *taːɡs |
| 沰 | *taːɡ, *tʰaːɡ |
| 拓 | *tʰaːɡ, *tjaɡ |
| 橐 | *tʰaːɡ |
| 袥 | *tʰaːɡ |
| 驝 | *tʰaːɡ, *raːɡ |
| 斫 | *tjaɡ |
| 磭 | *ŋrɯnʔ, *ŋ̊ʰjaɡ, *ŋaɡ |
| 磔 | *rtaːɡ |
| 跖 | *tjaɡ |
| 石 | *djaɡ |
| 碩 | *djaɡ |
| 祏 | *djaɡ |
| 鉐 | *djaɡ |
| 鼫 | *djaɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːɡs) : phonetic 橐 (OC *tʰaːɡ) + semantic 䖵 (“insect”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dù (du$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dou$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dù
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dù
*** Wade–Giles: tu$^4$
*** Yale: dù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: duh
*** Palladius: ду (du)
*** Sinological IPA : /tu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dou$^3$
*** Yale: dou
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dou$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tou̯³³/
* Middle Chinese: tuH
Rime :
| Character | 蠹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 當故切 |
| Baxter | tuH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tuo$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tuo$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /to$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tɔ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /to$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tuo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dou$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤak-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*taːɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 蠹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dù |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tu$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁak-s/ |
| English | grubs in wood, vermin |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蠹 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11456 |
| Phonetic component | 石 |
| Rime group | 暮 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 妒 |
| Old Chinese | /*taːɡs/ |

### Definitions

蠹
* insect that eats through paper, clothes, wood, etc.
** (specifically) silverfish
* (figuratively) harmful person; vermin
* to erode; to eat away at
* moth-eaten; worm-eaten

#### Synonyms

* (silverfish):
* 壁魚／壁鱼 (bìyú)
* 書蛀蟲／书蛀虫 (shūzhùchóng)
* 書蟲／书虫 (shūchóng)
* 白魚／白鱼 (báiyú)
* 紙魚／纸鱼 (zhǐyú)
* 蛀 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
* 蛀書蟲／蛀书虫
* 蠹魚／蠹鱼 (dùyú)
* 衣蟲／衣虫 (yīchóng)
* 衣魚／衣鱼 (yīyú)

#### Compounds

* 國蠹／国蠹
* 巨蠹
* 戶樞不蠹／户枢不蠹 (hùshūbùdù)
* 書蠹／书蠹
* 朽蠹
* 桂蠹
* 民蠹
* 狡蠹
* 祛蠹除奸
* 祿蠹／禄蠹 (lùdù)
* 積蠹／积蠹
* 蠹國／蠹国
* 蠹國害民／蠹国害民
* 蠹國殃民／蠹国殃民
* 蠹害
* 蠹居棋處／蠹居棋处
* 蠹政
* 蠹書蟲／蠹书虫
* 蠹簡／蠹简
* 蠹蟲／蠹虫 (dùchóng)
* 蠹魚／蠹鱼 (dùyú)
* 衙蠹
* 貪官蠹役／贪官蠹役
* 鯗蠹／鲞蠹
* 齒蠹／齿蠹 (chǐdù)
* 齲蠹／龋蠹 (qǔdù)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): と (to)、つ (tsu)
* Kun: きくいむし (kikuimushi)、しみ (shimi)

## Korean
### Hanja

蠹 • (du) (hangeul 두, revised du, McCune–Reischauer tu, Yale twu)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.