# 狎

| 狎 | U+72CE, &#29390; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72CE |
| ← 狍 [U+72CD] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 狏 → [U+72CF] |

## Translingual
### Han character

狎 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大竹田中 (KHWL), four-corner 4625$_0$, composition ⿰犭甲)
* be familiar with
* disrespect

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 708, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20329
* Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1339, character 10
* Unihan data for U+72CE

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 笚 | *ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb |
| 閘 | *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb |
| 鉀 | *klaːb, *kraːb |
| 甲 | *kraːb |
| 胛 | *kraːb |
| 岬 | *kraːb |
| 押 | *kraːb, *qraːb |
| 玾 | *kraːb |
| 呷 | *qʰraːb |
| 匣 | *ɡraːb |
| 狎 | *ɡraːb |
| 柙 | *ɡraːb |
| 翈 | *ɡraːb |
| 炠 | *ɡraːb |
| 鴨 | *qraːb |
| 庘 | *qraːb |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːb) : semantic 犬 (“dog”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiá (xia$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haap$^6$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hah$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiá
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siá
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^2$
*** Yale: syá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
*** Palladius: ся (sja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haap$^6$
*** Yale: haahp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haap$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hab$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /haːp̚²/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hah$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /haʔ⁴/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: hah$^7$
*** Sinological IPA : /haʔ²⁴/
* Middle Chinese: haep
Rime :
| Character | 狎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 狎 (150) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 胡甲切 |
| Baxter | haep |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠap̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦᵚap̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣap̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦaɨp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣap̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣap̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣap̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiá |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | haap$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤr[a]p/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡraːb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 狎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiá |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hæp › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ˁr[a]p/ |
| English | disrespectful |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 狎 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 5939 |
| Phonetic component | 甲 |
| Rime group | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 狎 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡraːb/ |

### Definitions

狎
* (literary) to be used to; to be familiar with
* (literary) to get close to; to become intimate with
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Xiánzhě xiá ér jìng zhī, wèi ér ài zhī. [Pinyin]
    The worthy person is intimate with but respect [others], and is in awe of but love [others].
* (literary) to slight; to neglect
* (literary) to tease; to play tricks on

#### Compounds

* 媟狎
* 暱狎／昵狎
* 款狎
* 狎世
* 狎侮
* 狎信
* 狎客
* 狎帢
* 狎弄
* 狎恰
* 狎昵
* 狎暱／狎昵
* 狎獵／狎猎
* 狎玩
* 狎翫／狎玩
* 狎褻／狎亵
* 狎語／狎语
* 狎遊／狎游
* 狎邪 (xiáxié)
* 相狎
* 褻狎／亵狎

### References

* “狎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “狎”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 254.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kun: あなどる (anadoru, 狎る)、なれる (nareru, 狎れる)

## Korean
### Hanja

狎 • (ap) (hangeul 압, revised ap, McCune–Reischauer ap, Yale ap)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

狎: Hán Nôm readings: hiệp, hạp
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.