# 杳

| 杳 | U+6773, &#26483; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6773 |
| ← 杲 [U+6772] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 杴 → [U+6774] |

## Translingual
### Han character

杳 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 木日 (DA), four-corner 4060$_9$, composition ⿱木日)

#### Derived characters

* 𣇿, 𬇷, 𨓳, 𩭰, 𮋆

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 513, character 14
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14501
* Dae Jaweon: page 901, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1169, character 1
* Unihan data for U+6773

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 木 (“tree”) + 日 (“sun”) - dark. Compare 杲 (gǎo, “bright”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǎo (yao$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): miu$^5$ / jiu$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǎo
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^3$
*** Yale: yǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeau
*** Palladius: яо (jao)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: miu$^5$ / jiu$^2$
*** Yale: míuh / yíu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: miu$^5$ / jiu$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: miu$^5$ / yiu$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /miːu̯¹³/, /jiːu̯³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'ewX
Rime :
| Character | 杳 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 烏皎切 |
| Baxter | 'ewX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔeu$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔeu$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔeu$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɛw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔeu$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ieu$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔieu$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǎo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jiu$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔmeːwʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 杳 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14728 |
| Phonetic component | 杳 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔmeːwʔ/ |

### Definitions

杳
* dim; dark; gloomy
* indistinct; distant
* quiet; secluded
* vast; expansive
* to disappear

#### Compounds

* 人琴俱杳
* 人跡杳然／人迹杳然
* 杳冥
* 杳如黃鶴／杳如黄鹤
* 杳杳 (yǎoyǎo)
* 杳渺
* 杳漫
* 杳然 (yǎorán)
* 杳無人煙／杳无人烟 (yǎowúrényān)
* 杳無人跡／杳无人迹
* 杳無信息／杳无信息
* 杳無消息／杳无消息
* 杳然無蹤／杳然无踪
* 杳無蹤影／杳无踪影
* 杳無蹤跡／杳无踪迹
* 杳無音信／杳无音信 (yǎowúyīnxìn)
* 杳眇
* 杳茫
* 芳魂已杳
* 雁杳魚沉／雁杳鱼沉 (yànyǎoyúchén)
* 音信杳無／音信杳无
* 音信杳然 (yīnxìnyǎorán)
* 音問杳然／音问杳然
* 音稀信杳
* 魚沉雁杳／鱼沉雁杳 (yúchényànyǎo)
* 鱗鴻杳絕／鳞鸿杳绝

### References

* “杳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: よう (yō)
* Kan-on: よう (yō)
* Kun: くらい (kurai, 杳い)、はるか (haruka, 杳か)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 杳
* よう Hyōgai
* on'yomi
From Middle Chinese 杳 (MC 'ewX).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) よー [yóꜜò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [jo̞ː]

### Adjective

杳(よう) • (yō) $^†$-tari (adnominal 杳(よう)とした (yō to shita) or 杳(よう)たる (yō taru), adverbial 杳(よう)と (yō to) or 杳(よう)として (yō to shite))
* dark and indistinct; unclear
    杳(よう)として知(し)れない
       yō to shite shirenai
       unknown

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Irrealis (未然形) | 杳たら | えうたら | eutara |
| Continuative (連用形) | 杳と$^{[1]}$ 杳たり$^{[2]}$ | えうと えうたり | euto eutari |
| Terminal (終止形) | 杳たり | えうたり | eutari |
| Attributive (連体形) | 杳たる | えうたる | eutaru |
| Realis (已然形) | 杳たれ | えうたれ | eutare |
| Imperative (命令形) | 杳たれ | えうたれ | eutare |
| Key constructions ||||
| Negative | 杳たらず | えうたらず | eutarazu |
| Contrasting conjunction | 杳たれど | えうたれど | eutaredo |
| Causal conjunction | 杳たれば | えうたれば | eutareba |
| Conditional conjunction | 杳たらば | えうたらば | eutaraba |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 杳たりき | えうたりき | eutariki |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 杳たりけり | えうたりけり | eutarikeri |
| Adverbial | 杳と | えうと | euto |
| $^{[1]}$Without auxiliary verb. $^{[2]}$With auxiliary verb. ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

杳 • (myo, yo) (hangeul 묘, 요, revised myo, yo, McCune–Reischauer myo, yo, Yale myo, yo)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

杳: Hán Nôm readings: diểu, yểu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.