# 周年
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhōunián
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄡ ㄋㄧㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zau$^1$ nin$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiu-nî
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ziu$^1$ ni$^5$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tseu-gni
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhōunián
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄡ ㄋㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhounián
*** Wade–Giles: chou$^1$-nien$^2$
*** Yale: jōu-nyán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jounian
*** Palladius: чжоунянь (čžounjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zau$^1$ nin$^4$
*** Yale: jāu nìhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzau$^1$ nin$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeo$^1$ nin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ niːn²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiu-nî
*** Tâi-lô: tsiu-nî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciunii
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² nĩ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siu³³ nĩ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² nĩ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ nĩ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ nĩ²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ziu$^1$ ni$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiu nî
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siu³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tseu-gni
*** MiniDict: tseu$^平$ nyi
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tseu-nyi
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sɤ⁵⁵ n̠ʲi²¹/
* Middle Chinese: tsyuw nen
Rime :
| Character | 周 | 年 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) | 泥 (8) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 職流切 | 奴顚切 |
| Baxter | tsyuw | nen |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨu/ | /nen/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕiu/ | /nen/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕiəu/ | /nɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cuw/ | /nɛn/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiu/ | /nen/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭəu/ | /nien/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/ | /nien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhōu | nián |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zau$^1$ | nin$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tiw C.nˤi[ŋ]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tjɯw niːŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 周 | 年 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhōu | nián |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyuw › | ‹ nen › |
| Old Chinese | /*tiw/ | /*C.nˁi[ŋ]/ |
| English | cycle; all around | harvest; year |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 周 | 年 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 17531 | 9482 |
| Phonetic component | 周 | 秊 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 周 | |
| Old Chinese | /*tjɯw/ | /*niːŋ/ |
| Notes | 甲金文象田間稼密， 爲稠初文 | 同秊 |

### Noun

周年
* anniversary
    建國100週年／建国100周年 ― jiànguó 100 zhōunián ― 100th anniversary of the country's foundation

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 周(しゅう)年(ねん) (shūnen)
* → Korean: 주년(周年) (junyeon)
* → Vietnamese: chu niên (周年)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 周 | 年 |
| しゅう Grade: 4 | ねん Grade: 1 |
| kan'on | goon |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しゅうねん [shùúnéń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕɨːnẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

周(しゅう)年(ねん) • (shūnen)
* anniversary

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 周 | 年 |

### Noun

周年 • (junyeon) (hangeul 주년)
* hanja form of 주년 (“anniversary”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 周 | 年 |

### Noun

周年
* chữ Hán form of chu niên (“anniversary”).