OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# مچھلی
## Urdu
### Alternative forms

* مَچّھِی (macchī)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀘𑁆𑀙 (maccha), from Sanskrit मत्स्य (matsya). This -𑀮- (-la-) extended form originating in Middle Indo-Aryan appears to have spread from Eastern Hindi.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /mət͡ʃʰ.liː/

### Noun

مَچْھلی • (machlī) f (Hindi spelling मछली)
* fish

#### Declension

Declension of مچھلی :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | مچھلی (machlī) | مچھلِیاں (machliyā̃) |
| oblique | مچھلی (machlī) | مچھلِیوں (machliyō̃) |
| vocative | مچھلی (machlī) | مچھلِیو (machliyō) |

#### Synonyms

* ماہی (māhī)
* مَتْسیَہ (matsya)
# مڈغاسکر
## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from English Madagascar.

### Noun

مڈغاسکر • (maḍğāskar) ?
* Madagascar (an island and country off the east coast of Africa)
# نستحق
## Arabic
### Verb

نستحق (form X)
* نَسْتَحِقُّ (nastaḥiqqu) /nas.ta.ħiq.qu/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of اِسْتَحَقَّ (istaḥaqqa)
* نُسْتَحَقُّ (nustaḥaqqu) /nus.ta.ħaq.qu/: first-person plural non-past passive indicative of اِسْتَحَقَّ (istaḥaqqa)
* نَسْتَحِقَّ (nastaḥiqqa) /nas.ta.ħiq.qa/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive/jussive of اِسْتَحَقَّ (istaḥaqqa)
* نُسْتَحَقَّ (nustaḥaqqa) /nus.ta.ħaq.qa/: first-person plural non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of اِسْتَحَقَّ (istaḥaqqa)
* نَسْتَحِقِّ (nastaḥiqqi) /nas.ta.ħiq.qi/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of اِسْتَحَقَّ (istaḥaqqa)
* نُسْتَحَقِّ (nustaḥaqqi) /nus.ta.ħaq.qi/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of اِسْتَحَقَّ (istaḥaqqa)
# مصارعة
## Arabic
### Noun

مُصَارَعَة • (muṣāraʕa) f (plural مُصَارَعَات (muṣāraʕāt))
* verbal noun of صَارَعَ (ṣāraʕa) (form III)
* wrestling
# مصاص دماء
## Arabic
### Etymology

مَصَّاص (maṣṣāṣ) +‎ دِمَاء (dimāʔ), literally “blood sucker”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /masˤ.sˤaːsˤ di.maːʔ/

### Noun

مَصَّاص دِمَاء • (maṣṣāṣ dimāʔ) m (plural مَصَّاصُو دِمَاء (maṣṣāṣū dimāʔ), feminine مَصَّاصَة دِمَاء (maṣṣāṣa(t) dimāʔ))
* (mythology) vampire
# مصاصة
## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* م ص ص
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic مَصَّاصَة (maṣṣāṣa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /masˤ.sˤaː.sˤa/

### Noun

مَصَّاصة • (maṣṣāṣa) f (plural مَصَّاصات (maṣṣāṣāt))
* lollipop

#### See also

* عَضّاضة (ʕaḍḍaḍa, “teething ring”)
* لَهَّاية (lahhāya, “pacifier”)

## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic مَصَّاصَة (maṣṣāṣa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /masˤ.sˤaː.sˤa/

### Noun

مصاصة • (maṣṣāṣa) f (plural مصاصات (maṣṣāṣāt))
* lollipop
* pacifier
    Synonyms: لهاية (lahhāya), سكاتة (sakkāta)
# نفيت
## Arabic
### Verb

نفيت (form I)
* نَفَيْتُ (nafaytu) /na.faj.tu/: first-person singular past active of نَفَى (nafā)
* نَفَيْتَ (nafayta) /na.faj.ta/: second-person masculine singular past active of نَفَى (nafā)
* نَفَيْتِ (nafayti) /na.faj.ti/: second-person feminine singular past active of نَفَى (nafā)
* نُفِيتُ (nufītu) /nu.fiː.tu/: first-person singular past passive of نَفَى (nafā) and نَفَا (nafā)
* نُفِيتَ (nufīta) /nu.fiː.ta/: second-person masculine singular past passive of نَفَى (nafā) and نَفَا (nafā)
* نُفِيتِ (nufīti) /nu.fiː.ti/: second-person feminine singular past passive of نَفَى (nafā) and نَفَا (nafā)
* نُفِيَتْ (nufiyat) /nu.fi.jat/: third-person feminine singular past passive of نَفَى (nafā) and نَفَا (nafā)
# ننزف
## Arabic
### Verb

ننزف (form I)
* نَنْزِفُ (nanzifu) /nan.zi.fu/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of نَزَفَ (nazafa)
* نُنْزَفُ (nunzafu) /nun.za.fu/: first-person plural non-past passive indicative of نَزَفَ (nazafa)
* نَنْزِفَ (nanzifa) /nan.zi.fa/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive of نَزَفَ (nazafa)
* نُنْزَفَ (nunzafa) /nun.za.fa/: first-person plural non-past passive subjunctive of نَزَفَ (nazafa)
* نَنْزِفْ (nanzif) /nan.zif/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of نَزَفَ (nazafa)
* نُنْزَفْ (nunzaf) /nun.zaf/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of نَزَفَ (nazafa)
# نستكثر
## Arabic
### Verb

نستكثر (form X)
* نَسْتَكْثِرُ (nastakṯiru) /nas.tak.θi.ru/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of اِسْتَكْثَرَ (istakṯara)
* نُسْتَكْثَرُ (nustakṯaru) /nus.tak.θa.ru/: first-person plural non-past passive indicative of اِسْتَكْثَرَ (istakṯara)
* نَسْتَكْثِرَ (nastakṯira) /nas.tak.θi.ra/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive of اِسْتَكْثَرَ (istakṯara)
* نُسْتَكْثَرَ (nustakṯara) /nus.tak.θa.ra/: first-person plural non-past passive subjunctive of اِسْتَكْثَرَ (istakṯara)
* نَسْتَكْثِرْ (nastakṯir) /nas.tak.θir/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of اِسْتَكْثَرَ (istakṯara)
* نُسْتَكْثَرْ (nustakṯar) /nus.tak.θar/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of اِسْتَكْثَرَ (istakṯara)
# نستقيل
## Arabic
### Verb

نستقيل (form X)
* نَسْتَقِيلُ (nastaqīlu) /nas.ta.qiː.lu/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of اِسْتَقَالَ (istaqāla)
* نَسْتَقِيلَ (nastaqīla) /nas.ta.qiː.la/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive of اِسْتَقَالَ (istaqāla)
# نستكف
## Arabic
### Verb

نستكف (form X)
* نَسْتَكِفُّ (nastakiffu) /nas.ta.kif.fu/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of اِسْتَكَفَّ (istakaffa)
* نُسْتَكَفُّ (nustakaffu) /nus.ta.kaf.fu/: first-person plural non-past passive indicative of اِسْتَكَفَّ (istakaffa)
* نَسْتَكِفَّ (nastakiffa) /nas.ta.kif.fa/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive/jussive of اِسْتَكَفَّ (istakaffa)
* نُسْتَكَفَّ (nustakaffa) /nus.ta.kaf.fa/: first-person plural non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of اِسْتَكَفَّ (istakaffa)
* نَسْتَكِفِّ (nastakiffi) /nas.ta.kif.fi/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of اِسْتَكَفَّ (istakaffa)
* نُسْتَكَفِّ (nustakaffi) /nus.ta.kaf.fi/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of اِسْتَكَفَّ (istakaffa)
# نستكبر
## Arabic
### Verb

نستكبر (form X)
* نَسْتَكْبِرُ (nastakbiru) /nas.tak.bi.ru/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of اِسْتَكْبَرَ (istakbara)
* نُسْتَكْبَرُ (nustakbaru) /nus.tak.ba.ru/: first-person plural non-past passive indicative of اِسْتَكْبَرَ (istakbara)
* نَسْتَكْبِرَ (nastakbira) /nas.tak.bi.ra/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive of اِسْتَكْبَرَ (istakbara)
* نُسْتَكْبَرَ (nustakbara) /nus.tak.ba.ra/: first-person plural non-past passive subjunctive of اِسْتَكْبَرَ (istakbara)
* نَسْتَكْبِرْ (nastakbir) /nas.tak.bir/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of اِسْتَكْبَرَ (istakbara)
* نُسْتَكْبَرْ (nustakbar) /nus.tak.bar/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of اِسْتَكْبَرَ (istakbara)
# مطابقة
## Arabic

* Root
* ط ب ق (ṭ b q)
* 13 terms

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mu.tˤaː.ba.qa/

### Noun

مُطَابَقَة • (muṭābaqa) f
* verbal noun of طَابَقَ (ṭābaqa) (form III)
* conformity
* matching
* compatibility

#### Descendants

* → Azerbaijani: mütabiqət
* → Ottoman Turkish: مطابقت (mutabakat)
** → Turkish: mutabakat
# مطارحة
## Arabic
### Noun

مُطَارَحَة • (muṭāraḥa) f
* verbal noun of طَارَحَ (ṭāraḥa) (form III)
# نوقن
## Arabic
### Verb

نوقن (form IV)
* نُوقِنُ (nūqinu) /nuː.qi.nu/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of أَيْقَنَ (ʔayqana)
* نُوقَنُ (nūqanu) /nuː.qa.nu/: first-person plural non-past passive indicative of أَيْقَنَ (ʔayqana)
* نُوقِنَ (nūqina) /nuː.qi.na/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive of أَيْقَنَ (ʔayqana)
* نُوقَنَ (nūqana) /nuː.qa.na/: first-person plural non-past passive subjunctive of أَيْقَنَ (ʔayqana)
* نُوقِنْ (nūqin) /nuː.qin/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of أَيْقَنَ (ʔayqana)
* نُوقَنْ (nūqan) /nuː.qan/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of أَيْقَنَ (ʔayqana)
# يتباحثن
## Arabic
### Verb

يَتَبَاحَثْنَ • (yatabāḥaṯna) (form VI) /ja.ta.baː.ħaθ.na/
* third-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of تَبَاحَثَ (tabāḥaṯa)
# هرد
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

Compare هَدَرَ (hadara) also meaning “to boil”.

#### Verb

هَرَدَ • (harada) I (non-past يَهْرِدُ (yahridu), verbal noun هَرْد (hard)) (obsolete)
* to tear, to lacerate, to rip
* to boil, to stew
* to be able to provide or bring about

##### Derived terms

* هَرِيد (harīd, “ripped, lacerated”)

#### Verb

هَرَّدَ • (harrada) II (non-past يُهَرِّدُ (yuharridu), verbal noun تَهْرِيد (tahrīd)) (obsolete)
* to boil much up to the point of disintegration

##### Conjugation
#### Noun

هَرْد • (hard) m (obsolete)
* verbal noun of هَرَدَ (harada) (form I)

##### Declension
#### Noun

هِرْد • (hird) m (obsolete)
* she-ostrich
    Coordinate term: ظَلِيم (ẓalīm)
* a man who is vile or of meanest sort

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Since the expansion of Arabic into South Arabia and the Iraq, ultimately from Sanskrit हरिद्रा (haridrā), with vocalism change in Arabic as in قُطُب (quṭub), وُرُس (wurus) etc.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /hurd/, /hu.rud/

#### Noun

هُرْد or هُرُد • (hurd or hurud) m
* (Yemen, obsolete in Iraq) turmeric
    Synonym: كُرْكُم (kurkum)
** c. 910, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Faqīh al-Hamaḏānī, Kitāb al-Buldān‎:و من عمل المدينة: مرّان، و قبا، و الدثينة- و يقال الدفينة- و فلجة، و ضريّة، و طخفة، و إمرة، و أضاح، و معدن الحسن، و بئر غرس بقبا، و بئر بضاعة بالمدينة، و كانوا يستشفون بمائها. [عبلاء البياض: موضعان من أعمال المدينة و عبلاء الهرد. و الهرد نبت به يصبغ أصفر.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Abū Ḥanīfa ad-Dīnawarī to this entry?)

##### Derived terms

* هَرَدَ (harada, “to colour yellow”)
* هَرَّدَ (harrada, “to colour yellow”)
* هُرْدِيّ (hurdiyy, “coloured yellow by turmeric”)

#### Verb

هَرَدَ • (harada) I (non-past يَهْرِدُ (yahridu), verbal noun هَرْد (hard))
* to colour yellow

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

هَرَّدَ • (harrada) II (non-past يُهَرِّدُ (yuharridu), verbal noun تَهْرِيد (tahrīd))
* to colour yellow
* to put on a yellow garment

##### Conjugation
#### Noun

هَرْد • (hard) m
* verbal noun of هَرَدَ (harada) (form I)

##### Declension
### References

* مروان بن جناح [Marwān ibn Janāḥ] (a. 1050) Gerrit Bos, Fabian Käs, editors, كتاب التلخيص [kitāb at-talḵīṣ] [On the Nomenclature of Medicinal Drugs] (in Arabic), Leiden: Brill, published 2020, →DOI, →ISBN, 282 (fol. 27r,16), pages 469–470
* Freytag, Georg (1837) “هرد”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 384a
* Landberg, Carlo, editor (1942), Glossaire daṯînois‎ (in French), Leiden: Brill, page 2865
* Landberg, Carlo, editor (1909), Études sur les dialectes de l'Arabie méridionale. Deuxième volume. Daṯînah. Deuxième partie‎ (in French), Leiden: Brill, page 1317
* Schönig, Hanne (2002) Schminken, Düfte und Räucherwerk der Jemenitinnen: Lexikon der Substanzen, Utensilien und Techniken (Beiruter Texte und Studien; 91)‎, Würzburg: Ergon-Verlag, →ISBN, page 128 seqq.

## Talysh
### Etymology

Cognate to Persian خرد (xord).

### Adjective

هرد (hərd, hi̥rd)
* small, minute
# يختتن
## Arabic
### Verb

يختتن (form VIII)
* يَخْتَتِنُ (yaḵtatinu) /jax.ta.ti.nu/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of اِخْتَتَنَ (iḵtatana)
* يَخْتَتِنَّ (yaḵtatinna) /jax.ta.tin.na/: third-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of اِخْتَتَنَ (iḵtatana)
* يُخْتَتَنُ (yuḵtatanu) /jux.ta.ta.nu/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of اِخْتَتَنَ (iḵtatana)
* يُخْتَتَنَّ (yuḵtatanna) /jux.ta.tan.na/: third-person feminine plural non-past passive indicative/subjunctive/jussive of اِخْتَتَنَ (iḵtatana)
* يَخْتَتِنَ (yaḵtatina) /jax.ta.ti.na/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of اِخْتَتَنَ (iḵtatana)
* يُخْتَتَنَ (yuḵtatana) /jux.ta.ta.na/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of اِخْتَتَنَ (iḵtatana)
* يَخْتَتِنْ (yaḵtatin) /jax.ta.tin/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of اِخْتَتَنَ (iḵtatana)
* يُخْتَتَنْ (yuḵtatan) /jux.ta.tan/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of اِخْتَتَنَ (iḵtatana)
# يختاروا
## Arabic
### Verb

يختاروا (form VIII)
* يَخْتَارُوا (yaḵtārū) /jax.taː.ruː/: third-person masculine plural non-past active subjunctive/jussive of اِخْتَارَ (iḵtāra)
* يُخْتَارُوا (yuḵtārū) /jux.taː.ruː/: third-person masculine plural non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of اِخْتَارَ (iḵtāra)
# هاجموا
## Arabic
### Verb

هاجموا (form III)
* هَاجَمُوا (hājamū) /haː.d͡ʒa.muː/: third-person masculine plural past active of هَاجَمَ (hājama)
* هَاجِمُوا (hājimū) /haː.d͡ʒi.muː/: second-person masculine plural imperative of هَاجَمَ (hājama)
# وديع
## Arabic

* Root
* و د ع (w d ʕ)
* 11 terms

### Adjective

وَدِيع • (wadīʕ)
* mansuetudinous, gentle-hearted
# يتجبرون
## Arabic
### Verb

يَتَجَبَّرُونَ • (yatajabbarūna) (form V) /ja.ta.d͡ʒab.ba.ruː.na/
* third-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of تَجَبَّرَ (tajabbara)
# يغفرون
## Arabic
### Verb

يغفرون (form I)
* يَغْفِرُونَ (yaḡfirūna) /jaɣ.fi.ruː.na/: third-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of غَفَرَ (ḡafara)
* يُغْفَرُونَ (yuḡfarūna) /juɣ.fa.ruː.na/: third-person masculine plural non-past passive indicative of غَفَرَ (ḡafara)
# يغفر
## Arabic
### Verb

يغفر (form I)
* يَغْفِرُ (yaḡfiru) /jaɣ.fi.ru/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of غَفَرَ (ḡafara)
* يُغْفَرُ (yuḡfaru) /juɣ.fa.ru/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of غَفَرَ (ḡafara)
* يَغْفِرَ (yaḡfira) /jaɣ.fi.ra/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of غَفَرَ (ḡafara)
* يُغْفَرَ (yuḡfara) /juɣ.fa.ra/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of غَفَرَ (ḡafara)
* يَغْفِرْ (yaḡfir) /jaɣ.fir/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of غَفَرَ (ḡafara)
* يُغْفَرْ (yuḡfar) /juɣ.far/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of غَفَرَ (ḡafara)
# يخضارر
## Arabic
### Verb

يَخْضَارِرْ • (yaḵḍārir) (form XI) /jax.dˤaː.rir/
* third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of اِخْضَارَّ (iḵḍārra)
# يلعق
## Arabic
### Verb

يلعق (form I)
* يَلْعَقُ (yalʕaqu) /jal.ʕa.qu/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of لَعِقَ (laʕiqa)
* يُلْعَقُ (yulʕaqu) /jul.ʕa.qu/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of لَعِقَ (laʕiqa)
* يَلْعَقَ (yalʕaqa) /jal.ʕa.qa/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of لَعِقَ (laʕiqa)
* يُلْعَقَ (yulʕaqa) /jul.ʕa.qa/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of لَعِقَ (laʕiqa)
* يَلْعَقْ (yalʕaq) /jal.ʕaq/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of لَعِقَ (laʕiqa)
* يُلْعَقْ (yulʕaq) /jul.ʕaq/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of لَعِقَ (laʕiqa)
# يېڭىلىق
## Uyghur
### Etymology

From يېڭى (yë'ngi, “new, fresh”) +‎ ـلىق (-liq). Cognates with Turkish yenilik.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /jeŋiliq/

### Noun

يېڭىلىق • (yë'ngiliq) (plural يېڭىلىقلار (yë'ngiliqlar))
* novelty, innovation
* news

### Further reading

* Schwarz, Henry G. (1992) An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN
# ميره
## Bakhtiari
### Etymology

From *mêrd, from Proto-Iranian *mr̥táh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥tás, from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós. Compare Persian مرد (mard), Northern Kurdish mêr.

### Noun

ميره (mera)
* man
    Synonym: پیا (peya)
* husband

## Malay
### Adjective

ميره
* Jawi spelling of merah‎

### Noun

ميره (plural ميره-ميره or ميره۲, informal 1st possessive ميرهکو, 2nd possessive ميرهمو, 3rd possessive ميرهڽ)
* Jawi spelling of merah‎
# ميرسى
## Arabic
### Interjection

ميرسى • (transliteration needed)
* Alternative spelling of مِرْسِي (mersī)
# کرعيتن
## Malay
### Adjective

کرعيتن
* Jawi spelling of kerakyatan‎.

### Noun

کرعيتن (plural کرعيتن-کرعيتن or کرعيتن۲, informal 1st possessive کرعيتنکو, 2nd possessive کرعيتنمو, 3rd possessive کرعيتنڽ)
* Jawi spelling of kerakyatan‎.
# کرلانا
## Punjabi
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit *𑀓𑀼𑀮𑀼𑀮𑀺 (*kululi), onomatopoeic.

### Pronunciation

* (Pakistan) IPA: /kʊɾ.läː.ɳäː/
* (India) IPA: /kʊɾ.läːʊ̯.ɳäː/

### Verb

کُرْلاݨا • (kurlāṇā) (intransitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਕੁਰਲਾਉਣਾ)
* to wail; cry out (ie. lament)
* to shriek

### Further reading

* Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “کُرلاون”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
* “ਕੁਰਲਾਉਣਾ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*kululi”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 173
# چوركجی
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From چورك (çörek, “bun, sweet bread”) +‎ ـجی (-cı, -ci, occupational suffix).

### Noun

چوركجی • (çörekci)
* maker or seller of buns

#### Descendants

* Turkish: çörekçi
* → Armenian: չէօրէքճի (čʻēōrēkʻči), չօրաքճի (čʻōrakʻči), ⇒ Չորեքչյան (Čʻorekʻčʻyan)

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “çörekçi”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1048
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “چوركجی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 735
# چُرُوٹون
## Ushojo
### Verb

چُرُوٹون (čurūṭōn) f
* to shave
# چُوئی
## Kohistani Shina
### Noun

چُوئی (čūwy)
* pineapple
# کواجيڤن
## Malay
### Noun

کواجيڤن (plural کواجيڤن-کواجيڤن or کواجيڤن۲, informal 1st possessive کواجيڤنکو, 2nd possessive کواجيڤنمو, 3rd possessive کواجيڤنڽ)
* Jawi spelling of kewajipan‎.
# ۋاز
## Uyghur
### Etymology

From Persian باز (bâz).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wɑz/

### Noun

ۋاز • (waz) (plural ۋازلار (wazlar))
* renunciation, giving up

### Further reading

* Schwarz, Henry G. (1992) An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN
# يتأممون
## Arabic
### Verb

يَتَأَمَّمُونَ • (yataʔammamūna) (form V) /ja.ta.ʔam.ma.muː.na/
* third-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of تَأَمَّمَ (taʔammama)
# يتأمم
## Arabic
### Verb

يتأمم (form V)
* يَتَأَمَّمُ (yataʔammamu) /ja.ta.ʔam.ma.mu/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of تَأَمَّمَ (taʔammama)
* يُتَأَمَّمُ (yutaʔammamu) /ju.ta.ʔam.ma.mu/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of تَأَمَّمَ (taʔammama)
* يَتَأَمَّمَ (yataʔammama) /ja.ta.ʔam.ma.ma/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of تَأَمَّمَ (taʔammama)
* يُتَأَمَّمَ (yutaʔammama) /ju.ta.ʔam.ma.ma/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of تَأَمَّمَ (taʔammama)
* يَتَأَمَّمْ (yataʔammam) /ja.ta.ʔam.mam/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of تَأَمَّمَ (taʔammama)
* يُتَأَمَّمْ (yutaʔammam) /ju.ta.ʔam.mam/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of تَأَمَّمَ (taʔammama)
# يتأملوا
## Arabic
### Verb

يتأملوا (form V)
* يَتَأَمَّلُوا (yataʔammalū) /ja.ta.ʔam.ma.luː/: third-person masculine plural non-past active subjunctive/jussive of تَأَمَّلَ (taʔammala)
* يُتَأَمَّلُوا (yutaʔammalū) /ju.ta.ʔam.ma.luː/: third-person masculine plural non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of تَأَمَّلَ (taʔammala)
# کاهل
## Persian
### Etymology

Derived from Arabic كَهْل (kahl).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [kɑː.ˈhil]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰɑː.ɦɪ́l]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰɑː.ɦɪ́l]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [kʰɑː.jɪ́l]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [kʰɔː.jíl̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [kʰɒː.ɦél̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [kʰɔ.ɦíl]

### Adjective

کاهل • (kâhel)
* indolent, lazy
    Synonym: تنبل (tambal)
* (obsolete) middle-aged

### Further reading

* Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “کاهل”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “کاهل”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
# کاهش
## Persian
### Etymology

From کاه (kâh-, present stem of کاستن (kâstan, “to decrease”)) +‎ ـش (-eš).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [kɑː.ˈhiʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰɑː.ɦɪ́ʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰɑː.ɦɪ́ʃ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [kʰɑː.jɪ́ʃ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [kʰɔː.jíʃ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [kʰɒː.ɦéʃ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [kʰɔ.ɦíʃ]
* Audio (Iran):(file)

### Noun

کاهش • (kâheš)
* decrease, reduction
    Antonym: افزایش (afzâyeš)
* wasting away
** c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume IV, verse 3457:یا تو پنداری که تو نان می‌خوری / زهر مار و کاهش جان می‌خوریyâ to pendâri ke to nân mi-xori / zahr-e mâr o kâheš-e jân mi-xoriOr dost thou suppose that thou art eating bread? Thou art eating snake-venom and [that which causes] wasting away of the spirit.

#### Derived terms

* کاهش دادن (kâheš dâdan, “to reduce”)
# کاوش کردن
## Persian
### Verb

کاوش کردن • (kâvoš kardan)
* to explore

#### Related terms

* کاوشگر (kâvošgar)
# يرثون
## Arabic
### Verb

يَرِثُونَ • (yariṯūna) (form I) /ja.ri.θuː.na/
* third-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of وَرِثَ (wariṯa)
# يرج
## Arabic
### Verb

يرج (form I)
* يَرْجُ (yarju) /jar.d͡ʒu/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of رَجَا (rajā)
* يُرْجَ (yurja) /jur.d͡ʒa/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of رَجَا (rajā)
# گذاشتند
## Persian
### Verb

گذاشتند • (gozâštand)
* third-person plural preterite indicative of گذاشتن (gozâštan)
# يصانوا
## Arabic
### Verb

يُصَانُوا • (yuṣānū) (form I) /ju.sˤaː.nuː/
* third-person masculine plural non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of صَانَ (ṣāna)
# کبنرن
## Malay
### Noun

کبنرن (plural کبنرن-کبنرن or کبنرن۲, informal 1st possessive کبنرنکو, 2nd possessive کبنرنمو, 3rd possessive کبنرنڽ)
* Jawi spelling of kebenaran‎
# کبوترها
## Persian
### Noun

کبوترها • (kabutar-hâ)
* plural of کبوتر
# کبود
## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian kpwt' (kabōd, “blue-gray; pigeon”), from Old Persian 𐎣𐎱𐎢𐎫𐎣 (k-p-u-t-k /⁠kapautaka⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *kapawtakáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kapawtakás, from *kapáwtas (“grey-blue”). Cognate with Sanskrit कपोतक (kapotaka, “pigeon-coloured”), Old Armenian կապուտակ (kaputak) (an Iranian borrowing).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ka.ˈβoːð], [ka.ˈβuːð]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰä.búːd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [kʰä.búːd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [kʰä.búːd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [kʰä.búd̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [kʰʲæ.búːd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [kʰä.búd̪]

### Adjective

| Dari | کبود |
| Iranian Persian | کبود |
| Tajik | кабуд |
کبود • (kabud)
* blue-gray
* blue; azure
* indigo; dark purple

#### Derived terms

* کبود شدن (kabud šodan)
* کبوده (kabude)
* کبودپشت (kabud-pošt)
* کبودچشم (kabud-češm)
* کبودی (kabudi)
* یاقوت کبود (yâqut-e kabud)

#### Related terms

* کبوتر (kabutar)

#### References

* MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “kabōd”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “کبود”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
* Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “کبود”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
* Mo'in, Mohammad (1972) “کبود”, in Moeen Encyclopedic Dictionary [فرهنگ معین] (in Persian), Tehran: Amirkabir
* ʿAmīd, Ḥasan (1985) “کبود”, in Farhang-e Fārsī-e ʿAmīd (in Persian), Tehrān: Amīrkabīr
# یؽغماق
## Khalaj
### Verb

یؽغماق (yığmaq)
* Arabic spelling of yığmaq (“to gather”)
# گُھنگُلوس
## Ushojo
### Noun

گُھنگُلوس (khuṅgulōs)
* wild strawberries
# گُھن٘گُوٹ
## Kohistani Shina
### Noun

گُھن٘گُوٹ (ghuñgūṭ)
* beetle
# ܥܙܪܪܬܐ
## Classical Syriac
### Etymology

Compare Arabic زُعْرُور (zuʕrūr).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ʕazrɑrtɑ]

### Noun

ܥܙܪܪܬܐ • (ʿazrārtā) f (plural ܥܙܪܪܐ (ʿazrārē))
* thornapple, medlar; Christ's thorn jujube; lotus jujube
    Synonyms: ܟܢܪܐ (kənārā), ܢܒܩܐ (nābəqā)

#### Inflection
### References

* “ˁzrrh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 519a
* Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, pages 283–289
* Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 244–256