# 圜

| 圜 | U+571C, &#22300; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-571C |
| ← 圛 [U+571B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 圝 → [U+571D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

圜 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 田田中女 (WWLV), four-corner 6073$_2$, composition ⿴囗睘)

#### Derived characters

* 攌, 𨯬

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 221, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4851
* Dae Jaweon: page 453, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 726, character 16
* Unihan data for U+571C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 圜
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 癏 | *kʷraːn |
| 擐 | *kʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns |
| 還 | *ɡʷraːn, *sɢʷan |
| 環 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 鬟 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 寰 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷeːns |
| 闤 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 糫 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 圜 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen |
| 鐶 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 轘 | *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns |
| 澴 | *ɡʷraːn |
| 繯 | *ɡʷraːns, *ɡʷeːnʔ |
| 檈 | *sɢʷan, *sɢʷin |
| 儇 | *qʰʷen |
| 翾 | *qʰʷen |
| 蠉 | *qʰʷen, *qʰʷenʔ |
| 嬛 | *qʰʷen, *qʷen, *ɡʷeŋ |
| 譞 | *qʰʷen |
| 懁 | *kʷeːns |
| 獧 | *kʷeːns |
| 噮 | *qʷeːns |
| 彋 | *ɡʷreːŋ, *ɡʷreːŋ |
| 睘 | *ɡʷeŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen) : semantic 囗 (“circle”) + phonetic 睘 (OC *ɡʷeŋ).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huán (huan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): waan$^4$ / won$^1$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): huang$^2$ / huong$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huán
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huán
*** Wade–Giles: huan$^2$
*** Yale: hwán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwan
*** Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯än³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: waan$^4$ / won$^1$
*** Yale: wàahn / wōn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: waan$^4$ / won$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wan$^4$ / won$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /waːn²¹/, /wɔːn⁵⁵/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huang$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /huaŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: huong$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /huoŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: hwaen
Rime :
| Character | 圜 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 刪 (70) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 戸關切 |
| Baxter | hwaen |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠuan/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷᵚan/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣuɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwaɨn/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣuan/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣwan/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣwan/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | waan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷraːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 圜 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 16236 |
| Phonetic component | 睘 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 還 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷraːn/ |

#### Definitions

圜
* 韓圜 (Written Standard Chinese)
* South Korean hwan (English)
* (literary) to revolve around
    From: The Book of Han, circa 1st century CE
    Míngtáng zhōng yǒu yī diàn, sìmiàn wú bì, yǐ máo gài, tōng shuǐ, shuǐ huán gōngyuán. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5th century CE
    Guàndài jìnshēn zhī rén, huán qiáomén ér guāntīng zhě gài yìwàn jì. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (numismatics) South Korean hwan (in circulation from February 15, 1953 to June 9, 1962)
* (numismatics) won (currency of North or South Korea)

##### Compounds

* 圜流
* 圜飛／圜飞
* 轉圜／转圜 (zhuǎnhuán)

### Etymology 2

Same word as 圓 (OC /*ɢʷ<r>en/) (Schuessler, 2007).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yuán (yuan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun$^4$
* Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): oeng$^2$ / yeng$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yuán
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yuán
*** Wade–Giles: yüan$^2$
*** Yale: ywán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
*** Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɥɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyun$^4$
*** Yale: yùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jyn$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyːn²¹/
* Puxian Min
** (Putian)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: oeng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /œŋ¹³/
** (Xianyou)
*** Pouseng Ping'ing: yeng$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /yøŋ¹³/
* Middle Chinese: hjwen
Rime :
| Character | 圜 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (80) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 王權切 |
| Baxter | hjwen |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠiuᴇn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷᵚiɛn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣiuæn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦwian/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣjuɛn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣĭwɛn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /i̯wɛn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yuán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷ<r>en/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷen/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 圜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yuán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hjwen › |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷ<r>en/ |
| English | round |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 圜 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 16252 |
| Phonetic component | 睘 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 貟 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷen/ |

#### Definitions

圜
* (literary) Alternative form of 圓／圆 (yuán)
    From: Rites of Zhou, circa 3rd century BCE
    Yuán zhě zhòng guī, fāng zhě zhòng jǔ, lì zhě zhòng xiàn, héng zhě zhòng shuǐ, zhí zhě rú shēng yān, jì zhě rú fù yān. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (literary) heaven; celestial realm
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Yuán zé jiǔzhòng, shú yíng dù zhī? [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (obsolete) prison
    From: Rites of Zhou, circa 3rd century BCE
    Sī yuán: zhǎng shōujiào bàmín. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (obsolete) currency
    From: The Book of Han, circa 1st century CE
    Tàigōng wèi zhōu lì jiǔfǔ yuánfǎ: huángjīn fāngcùn, ér zhòng yī jīn; qián yuán hán fāng, qīngzhòng yǐ zhū. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this quotation)

##### Compounds

* 圜丘
* 圜土
* 圜扉
* 圜牆／圜墙
* 圜鍾／圜钟
* 圜鑿方枘／圜凿方枘
* 大圜
* 方枘圜鑿／方枘圜凿
* 破觚為圜／破觚为圜

### References

* 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “圜”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 93.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* round
* go around

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かん (kan)、えん (en)
* Kun: めぐる (meguru, 圜る)、まるい (marui, 圜い)

## Korean
### Hanja

圜 • (won, hwan) (hangeul 원, 환, revised won, hwan, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, hwan)
* circle, surround
* encircle
* (numismatics) South Korean hwan

## Vietnamese
### Han character

圜: Hán Nôm readings: viên
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.