# 苦楝
## Chinese

* 苦楝

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kǔliàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨˇ ㄌㄧㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fu$^2$ lin$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khú-lien
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khó͘-lēng / khó͘-lěng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kǔliàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨˇ ㄌㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kǔliàn
*** Wade–Giles: kʻu$^3$-lien$^4$
*** Yale: kǔ-lyàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuuliann
*** Palladius: кулянь (kuljanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɛn⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$苦楝 苦練／苦练
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fu$^2$ lin$^6$
*** Yale: fú lihn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fu$^2$ lin$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fu$^2$ lin$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fuː³⁵ liːn²²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$苦楝 苦練／苦练
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khú-lien
*** Hakka Romanization System: ku$^ˋ$ lien
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ku$^3$ lian$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰu³¹ li̯en⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Sanxia, Tainan, Yilan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khó͘-lēng
*** Tâi-lô: khóo-līng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qofleng
*** IPA (Kinmen): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻²⁴ liɪŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Tainan, Yilan): /kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ liɪŋ³³/
** (Hokkien: Lukang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khó͘-lěng
*** Tâi-lô: khóo-lǐng
*** IPA (Lukang): /kʰɔ⁵⁵⁻³⁵ liɪŋ³³/

### Noun

苦楝
* bead tree (Melia azedarach)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 楝, 楝樹, 苦楝, 苦楝樹 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 苦楝, 苦楝樹, 楝樹, 苦苓 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 苦楝子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 苦楝子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 楝樹 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 苦楝子樹 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 楝棗子, 楝棗樹 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 苦楝子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 楝樹 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 苦楝子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 苦楝樹 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 楝樹, 苦楝樹, 苦楝 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 楝樹, 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 古楝 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 火楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 火楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 森樹 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 苦楝, 森木 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 苦林森 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 苦楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 火楝樹 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 森木樹 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 火楝杵 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 苦楝森 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 苦楝森 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 苦楝 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 禾鐮樹 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 苦楝木 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 苦楝子樹 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 苦楝樹 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 苦楝子樹 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 苦楝樹 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 苦楝樹 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 苦楝樹 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 苦楝樹 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 鴨仔樹 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 苦楝 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 苦楝樹, 麻風樹 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 苦楝樹 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 苦楝樹, 苦楝 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 苦楝 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 苦楝樹, 苦楝 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 苦楝樹, 苦楝 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 苦楝樹, 苦楝 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 苦楝樹, 苦楝 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 苦楝樹 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 苦楝樹 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 苦楝 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 楝少仔 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 苦楝 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 苦楝 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 苦楝仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 苦楝 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 苦楝 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 苦楝仔 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 苦楝 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 苦楝仔 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 苦楝 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 苦楝 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 苦楝 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 苦楝樹 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 苦楝樹 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 森木 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 森木, 森木樹 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 苦楝根 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 楝樹 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 楝樹 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 楝樹 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 楝樹 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 苦楝樹 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 楝樹 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 苦楝子樹 |

#### Derived terms

* 苦楝仔
* 苦楝子 (kǔliànzǐ)
* 苦楝樹／苦楝树 (kǔliànshù)
* 苦楝牛