OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 荄

| 荄 | U+8344, &#33604; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8344 |
| ← 荃 [U+8343] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 荅 → [U+8345] |

## Translingual
### Han character

荄 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜女人 (TYVO), four-corner 4480$_2$, composition ⿱艹亥)

#### Derived characters

* 𠹽 𢲧 𣘃 𦟍 𦃮 𨐮 𨢟 𤼞

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1030, character 6
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30935
* Dae Jaweon: page 1489, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3210, character 1
* Unihan data for U+8344

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 該 | *kɯː |
| 垓 | *kɯː |
| 賅 | *kɯː |
| 陔 | *kɯː |
| 豥 | *kɯː, *ɡɯː |
| 荄 | *kɯː, *krɯː |
| 郂 | *kɯː |
| 姟 | *kɯː |
| 絯 | *kɯː, *ɡrɯːʔ |
| 晐 | *kɯː |
| 峐 | *kɯː |
| 侅 | *kɯː, *kʰɯː, *ɡɯːʔ, *ɡrɯːʔ |
| 胲 | *kɯː |
| 頦 | *kɯːʔ, *ɡɯː |
| 奒 | *kʰɯː |
| 輆 | *kʰɯːʔ |
| 欬 | *kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds |
| 硋 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
| 閡 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
| 咳 | *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː |
| 孩 | *ɡɯː |
| 亥 | *ɡɯːʔ |
| 劾 | *ɡɯːɡs, *kʰrɯːɡs, *ɡɯːɡ |
| 痎 | *krɯː |
| 烗 | *kʰrɯːɡs |
| 骸 | *ɡrɯː |
| 駭 | *ɡrɯːʔ |
| 刻 | *kʰɯːɡ |
| 餩 | *qɯːɡ |
| 核 | *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ |

### Etymology

Smith (2011) groups this word with the following terms into a word family meaning “root, germ, generative core”:
* its derivative 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”),
* 核 (OC *ɡrɯːɡ, “germ, kernel”),
* 骸 (OC *ɡrɯː, “(human) bones”),
* 孩 (OC *ɡɯː, “child”),
* 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ, “sprouting stage”), i.e. "the moon’s first appearance" > "twelfth earthly branch".
See 核 (OC *ɡrɯːɡ) for further etymology.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gāi (gai$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄞ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): goi$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gāi
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄞ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gai
*** Wade–Giles: kai$^1$
*** Yale: gāi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gai
*** Palladius: гай (gaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kaɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: goi$^1$
*** Yale: gōi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: goi$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: goi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔːi̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: keaj, koj
Rime :
| Character | 荄 | 荄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 皆 (33) | 咍 (41) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | I |
| Fanqie | 古諧切 | 古哀切 |
| Baxter | keaj | koj |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠɛi/ | /kʌi/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚæi/ | /kəi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɐi/ | /kɒi/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəɨj/ | /kəj/ |
| Li Rong | /kɛi/ | /kᴀi/ |
| Wang Li | /kɐi/ | /kɒi/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kăi/ | /kɑ̆i/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiē | gāi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gaai$^1$ | goi$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kɯː/, /*krɯː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 荄 | 荄 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 4808 | 4831 |
| Phonetic component | 亥 | 亥 |
| Rime group | 之 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 該 | 皆 |
| Old Chinese | /*kɯː/ | /*krɯː/ |
| Notes | | 亥之轉註字 |

### Definitions

荄
* grassroot

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* roots

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かい (kai)
* Kun: ね (ne, 荄)
# 行寬
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hángkuān
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄤˊ ㄎㄨㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hong$^4$ fun$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hángkuān
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄤˊ ㄎㄨㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hángkuan
*** Wade–Giles: hang$^2$-kʻuan$^1$
*** Yale: háng-kwān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harngkuan
*** Palladius: ханкуань (xankuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɑŋ³⁵ kʰu̯än⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hong$^4$ fun$^1$
*** Yale: hòhng fūn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hong$^4$ fun$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hong$^4$ fun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːŋ²¹ fuːn⁵⁵/

### Noun

行寬
* line width
# 装订
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 装订 – see 裝訂 (“to staple or bind books or documents”). (This term is the simplified form of 裝訂).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 装车
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 装车 – see 裝車 (“to pack a car; to load a vehicle”). (This term is the simplified form of 裝車).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 行規
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hángguī
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄟ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hong$^4$ kwai$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hâng-kui
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hángguī
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄟ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hángguei
*** Wade–Giles: hang$^2$-kuei$^1$
*** Yale: háng-gwēi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harngguei
*** Palladius: хангуй (xanguj)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɑŋ³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hong$^4$ kwai$^1$
*** Yale: hòhng kwāi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hong$^4$ kwai$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hong$^4$ kuei$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːŋ²¹ kʷʰɐi̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâng-kui
*** Tâi-lô: hâng-kui
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hangkuy
*** IPA (Xiamen): /haŋ²⁴⁻²² kui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /haŋ²⁴⁻²² kui³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /haŋ¹³⁻²² kui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kui⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /haŋ²³⁻³³ kui⁴⁴/

### Noun

行規
* rule(s) observed among members of a trade or profession
# 规模经济
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 规模经济 – see 規模經濟 (“economies of scale”). (This term is the simplified form of 規模經濟).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 规模
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 规模 – see 規模 (“scale; size; scope”). (This term is the simplified form of 規模).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 莣

| 莣 | U+83A3, &#33699; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83A3 |
| ← 莢 [U+83A2] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 莤 → [U+83A4] |

## Translingual
### Han character

莣 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜女心 (TYVP), four-corner 4433$_1$, composition ⿱艹忘)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1036, character 40
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 5, page 3224, character 1
* Unihan data for U+83A3

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 忙 | *maːŋ |
| 芒 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 茫 | *maːŋ |
| 恾 | *maːŋ |
| 吂 | *maːŋ, *maːŋs |
| 汒 | *maːŋ, *maŋs |
| 朚 | *maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs |
| 邙 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 杗 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 荒 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs |
| 肓 | *hmaːŋ |
| 衁 | *hmaːŋ |
| 巟 | *hmaːŋ |
| 詤 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ |
| 慌 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ |
| 謊 | *hmaːŋʔ |
| 喪 | *smaːŋs, *smaːŋ |
| 亡 | *maŋ |
| 望 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 莣 | *maŋ |
| 朢 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 鋩 | *maŋ |
| 硭 | *maŋ |
| 忘 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 网 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 罔 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 蛧 | *maŋʔ |
| 網 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 輞 | *maŋʔ |
| 棢 | *maŋʔ |
| 惘 | *maŋʔ |
| 菵 | *maŋʔ |
| 誷 | *maŋʔ |
| 魍 | *maŋʔ |
| 妄 | *maŋs |
| 盲 | *mraːŋ |
| 蝱 | *mraːŋ |
| 虻 | *mraːŋ |
| 氓 | *mraːŋ |
| 甿 | *mraːŋ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wáng (wang$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wáng
*** Wade–Giles: wang$^2$
*** Yale: wáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wang
*** Palladius: ван (van)
*** Sinological IPA : /wɑŋ³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: mjang
Rime :
| Character | 莣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (106) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 武方切 |
| Baxter | mjang |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /mʉɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /mʷiɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /miuɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /muaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /miuaŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /mĭwaŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /miwaŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wáng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | mong$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*maŋ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 莣 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12668 |
| Phonetic component | 亡 |
| Rime group | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 亡 |
| Old Chinese | /*maŋ/ |

### Definitions

莣
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
# 莢隠元
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 莢 | 隠 | 元 |
| さや Hyōgai | いん Grade: S | げん Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi | on'yomi | on'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 莢隱元 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) さやいんげん [sàyáíꜜǹgèǹ] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [sa̠ja̠ĩŋɡẽ̞ɴ]

### Noun

莢(さや)隠(いん)元(げん) • (sayaingen)
* string bean

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 袭击
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 袭击 – see 襲擊 (“to attack; to raid”). (This term is the simplified form of 襲擊).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 談判
## Chinese

* 談判

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tánpàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ ㄆㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): taam$^4$ pun$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thàm-phan
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tâm-phòaⁿ
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tam$^5$ puang$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tánpàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ ㄆㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tánpàn
*** Wade–Giles: tʻan$^2$-pʻan$^4$
*** Yale: tán-pàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarnpann
*** Palladius: таньпань (tanʹpanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰän³⁵ pʰän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taam$^4$ pun$^3$
*** Yale: tàahm pun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taam$^4$ pun$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tam$^4$ pun$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːm²¹ pʰuːn³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thàm-phan
*** Hakka Romanization System: tam$^ˇ$ pan
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tam$^2$ pan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰam¹¹ pʰan⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâm-phòaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: tâm-phuànn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: damphvoax
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tam²⁴⁻²² pʰuã²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²⁴⁻²² pʰuã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tam¹³⁻²² pʰuã²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tam²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰuã¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tam²³⁻³³ pʰuã²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tam$^5$ puang$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thâm phuàng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰuaŋ²¹³/

### Noun

談判
* negotiation; talks
    首輪談判／首轮谈判 ― shǒulún tánpàn ― first round of talks
       Zuìzhōng xiéyì de tánpàn zhèngzài qiāoqiāo jìnxíng. [Pinyin]
       Negotiations on the final agreement are progressing in secret.

### Verb

談判
* to negotiate

#### Synonyms

* 交涉 (jiāoshè)
* 傾／倾 (king$^1$) (Cantonese, informal)
* 協商／协商 (xiéshāng)
* 協議／协议 (xiéyì)
* 口語／口语 (kǒuyǔ) (archaic)
* 商榷 (shāngquè) (chiefly in an academic context)
* 商討／商讨 (shāngtǎo)
* 商談／商谈 (shāngtán)
* 商議／商议 (shāngyì)
* 商量 (shāngliang)
* 接接 (Hokkien)
* 接洽 (jiēqià) (formal)
* 插話／插话 (Hokkien)
* 會談／会谈 (huìtán)
* 槌摃鐵／槌𫼱铁 (Hokkien)
* 比接 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 洽商 (qiàshāng)
* 洽談／洽谈 (qiàtán)
* 申論／申论 (shēnlùn)
* 研究 (yánjiū)
* 磋商 (cuōshāng) (formal)
* 磋議／磋议 (cuōyì)
* 磨合 (móhé) (figurative)
* 觸牙／触牙 (Hokkien)
* 言說／言说 (yánshuō) (formal)
* 言論／言论 (yánlùn)
* 言辭／言辞 (yáncí) (literary)
* 計謀／计谋 (jìmóu) (literary)
* 計議／计议 (jìyì) (literary)
* 計較／计较
* 討論／讨论 (tǎolùn)
* 評／评 (píng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 評論／评论 (pínglùn)
* 說／说
* 說合／说合 (shuōhé)
* 說道／说道 (shuōdao) (colloquial)
* 談論／谈论 (tánlùn)
* 謀慮／谋虑 (móulǜ) (literary)
* 議／议 (yì)
* 議論／议论 (yìlùn)
* 錦議／锦议 (Hokkien)
* 闡論／阐论 (chǎnlùn) (literary)

#### Derived terms

* 和平談判／和平谈判 (hépíng tánpàn)

### References

* “Entry #11395”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
# 言葉のあや
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 言 | 葉 |
| こと Grade: 2 | は > ば Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 言葉のあや – see the following entry. :
| 【ことばのあや】 | [noun] figure of speech​ Alternative spelling 言葉の綾 |
(This term, 言葉のあや, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 言葉の綾
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 言 | 葉 | 綾 |
| こと Grade: 2 | は > ば Grade: 3 | あや Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |||
For pronunciation and definitions of 言葉の綾 – see the following entry. :
| 【ことばのあや】 | [noun] figure of speech​ Alternative spelling 言葉のあや |
(This term, 言葉の綾, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 評註
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): píngzhù
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄨˋ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phêng-chù
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: píngzhù
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: píngjhù
*** Wade–Giles: pʻing$^2$-chu$^4$
*** Yale: píng-jù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyngjuh
*** Palladius: пинчжу (pinčžu)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêng-chù
*** Tâi-lô: phîng-tsù
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phengzux
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡su²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡su²¹/

### Verb

評註
* to annotate; to provide commentary (especially on a text)

#### Synonyms

* 詮釋／诠释 (quánshì)
* 註解／注解 (zhùjiě)
* 注釋 (zhùshì)

#### Derived terms

* 評註家／评注家 (píngzhùjiā)
* 評註本／评注本 (píngzhùběn)
# 評註家
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): píngzhùjiā
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄚ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: píngzhùjiā
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: píngjhùjia
*** Wade–Giles: pʻing$^2$-chu$^4$-chia$^1$
*** Yale: píng-jù-jyā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyngjuhjia
*** Palladius: пинчжуцзя (pinčžuczja)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

### Noun

評註家
* exegete, scholiast

#### Synonyms

* 訓詁家／训诂家 (xùngǔjiā)
* 注釋家 (zhùshìjiā)
# 評理
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pínglǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄧˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ping$^4$ lei$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phìn-lî
* Jin (Wiktionary): ping$^1$ li$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phêng-lí
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pínglǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pínglǐ
*** Wade–Giles: pʻing$^2$-li$^3$
*** Yale: píng-lǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pynglii
*** Palladius: пинли (pinli)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiŋ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ping$^4$ lei$^5$
*** Yale: pìhng léih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ping$^4$ lei$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ping$^4$ léi$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɪŋ²¹ lei̯¹³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phìn-lî
*** Hakka Romanization System: pin$^ˇ$ li$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pin$^2$ li$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰin¹¹ li²⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ping$^1$ li$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰĩŋ¹¹ li⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêng-lí
*** Tâi-lô: phîng-lí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phenglie
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² li⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² li⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ li⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiɪŋ²³⁻³³ li⁴¹/

### Verb

評理
* to reason things out; to judge between right and wrong

#### Synonyms

* 理論／理论 (lǐlùn)
* 說明道理／说明道理 (shuōmíng dàolǐ)
* 說理／说理 (shuōlǐ)
# 評論人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pínglùnrén
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄖㄣˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pínglùnrén
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pínglùnrén
*** Wade–Giles: pʻing$^2$-lun$^4$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: píng-lwùn-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyngluennren
*** Palladius: пинлуньжэнь (pinlunʹžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰiŋ³⁵ lu̯ən⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

### Noun

評論人
* commentator; discussant; critic
# 十里鋪
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Shílǐpù
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄆㄨˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Shílǐpù
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄆㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Shíhlǐpù
*** Wade–Giles: Shih$^2$-li$^3$-pʻu$^4$
*** Yale: Shŕ-lǐ-pù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shyrliipuh
*** Palladius: Шилипу (Šilipu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu⁵¹/

### Proper noun

十里鋪
* (～村) Shilipu (a village in Lucheng, Yidu, Yichang, Hubei, China)
# herod-babo
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈxɛrɔt ˈbabɔ/
* Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

### Noun

herod-babo f
* vocative singular of herod-baba
# 剑水蚤
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 剑水蚤 – see 劍水蚤 (“cyclops”). (This term is the simplified form of 劍水蚤).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# ניסערײַ
## Yiddish
### Etymology

From ניסן (nisn) +‎ ־ערײַ (-eray).

### Noun

ניסערײַ • (niseray) n
* (uncommon) sneezing fit
# разрыхлявши
## Russian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rəzrɨˈxlʲafʂɨ]

### Participle

разрыхля́вши • (razryxljávši)
* past adverbial imperfective participle of разрыхля́ть (razryxljátʹ)
# ribbonmakers
## English
### Noun

ribbonmakers
* plural of ribbonmaker
# 无恶不作
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 无恶不作 – see 無惡不作 (“to stop at nothing in doing evil; to commit all manners of crime”). (This term is the simplified form of 無惡不作).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 厲風
## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lìfēng
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄥ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lìfēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lìfong
*** Wade–Giles: li$^4$-fêng$^1$
*** Yale: lì-fēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lihfeng
*** Palladius: лифэн (lifɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: ljejH pjuwng
Rime :
| Character | 厲 | 風 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (35) | 東 (2) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 力制切 | 方戎切 |
| Baxter | ljejH | pjuwng |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /liᴇi$^H$/ | /pɨuŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /liɛi$^H$/ | /piuŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ljæi$^H$/ | /piuŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /liaj$^H$/ | /puwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /liɛi$^H$/ | /piuŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /lĭɛi$^H$/ | /pĭuŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /li̯ɛi$^H$/ | /pi̯uŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | lì | fēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lai$^6$ | fung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]at-s prəm/
    (Zhengzhang): /*m·rads plum/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 厲 | 厲 | 厲 | 風 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | lì | lì | lì | fēng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ljej$^H$ › | ‹ ljej$^H$ › | ‹ ljej$^H$ › | ‹ pjuwng › |
| Old Chinese | /*[r]at-s/ | /*[r]at-s/ | /*[r]at-s/ | /*prəm/ |
| English | cruel | grindstone | epidemic | wind (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 厲 | 風 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 12621 | 2921 |
| Phonetic component | 萬 | 凡 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 例 | 風 |
| Old Chinese | /*m·rads/ | /*plum/ |

#### Noun

厲風
* (literary) strong wind
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Lìfēng jì zé zhòngqiào wéi xū. [Pinyin]
    When the fierce gusts have passed away, all the apertures are empty (and still).
* (literary) northwest wind

#### Verb

厲風
* (literary, figuratively) to influence with one's noble acts

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 厲風 – see 癩風 (“leprosy”). (This term is a variant form of 癩風).
# 厲聲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lìshēng
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lai$^6$ seng$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lē-seng / lē-siaⁿ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lìshēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lìsheng
*** Wade–Giles: li$^4$-shêng$^1$
*** Yale: lì-shēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lihsheng
*** Palladius: лишэн (lišɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lai$^6$ seng$^1$
*** Yale: laih sēng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lai$^6$ seng$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lei$^6$ séng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɐi̯²² sɛːŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lē-seng
*** Tâi-lô: lē-sing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lexsefng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /le⁴¹⁻²² siɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /le²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lē-siaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: lē-siann
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lexsviaf
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /le⁴¹⁻²² siã³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /le²²⁻²¹ siã⁴⁴/

### Noun

厲聲
* stern voice

### Adverb

厲聲
* in a stern voice
# 剧情透露
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 剧情透露 – see 劇情透露 (“plot spoiler”). (This term is the simplified form of 劇情透露).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 剧方
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 剧方 – see 劇方 (“television show crew”). (This term is the simplified form of 劇方).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 剧本
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 剧本 – see 劇本 (“play; drama; script”). (This term is the simplified form of 劇本).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 去中心化金融
## Chinese

| | | to decentralize | finance; banking |
| trad. (去中心化金融) | trad. (去中心化金融) | 去中心化 | 金融 |
| simp. $^#$(去中心化金融) | simp. $^#$(去中心化金融) | 去中心化 | 金融 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qùzhōngxīnhuà jīnróng
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩˋ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖㄨㄥˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qùzhōngxīnhuà jīnróng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˋ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖㄨㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyùjhongsinhuà jinróng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻü$^4$-chung$^1$-hsin$^1$-hua$^4$ chin$^1$-jung$^2$
*** Yale: chyù-jūng-syīn-hwà jīn-rúng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuhjongshinhuah jinrong
*** Palladius: цюйчжунсиньхуа цзиньжун (cjujčžunsinʹxua czinʹžun)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰy⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

### Noun

去中心化金融
* (finance) decentralized finance; DeFi
# 勝次
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 勝 | 次 |
| かつ Grade: 3 | じ Grade: 3 |

### Proper noun

勝(かつ)次(じ) • (Katsuji)
* a male given name
# 勝栗
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 勝 | 栗 |
| か(ち) Grade: 3 | くり > ぐり Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 勝栗 – see the following entry. :
| 【かちぐり】 | [noun] dried chestnut Alternative spellings 勝ち栗, 搗栗, 搗ち栗 |
(This term, 勝栗, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :