# 確率
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): quèlǜ
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄌㄩˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kok$^3$ leot$^{6-2}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: quèlǜ
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄌㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cyuèlyù
*** Wade–Giles: chʻüeh$^4$-lü$^4$
*** Yale: chywè-lyù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuehliuh
*** Palladius: цюэлюй (cjueljuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ly⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kok$^3$ leot$^{6-2}$
*** Yale: kok léut
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kok$^8$ loet$^{9-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kog$^3$ lêd$^{6-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɔːk̚³ lɵt̚²⁻³⁵/

### Noun

確率
* (mathematics) Alternative name for 概率 (gàilǜ, “probability”).

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 確 | 率 |
| かく Grade: 5 | りつ Grade: 5 |
| kan'on ||

### Etymology

Coined by Matsumiya Tetsuo in 1908 as a translation of English probability.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かくりつ [kàkúrítsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠kɯ̟ɾʲit͡sɨ]

### Noun

確(かく)率(りつ) • (kakuritsu)
* probability
    Synonyms: (obsolete) 蓋然率 (gaizenritsu), 公算 (kōsan)
    宝(たから)くじが当(あ)たる確(かく)率(りつ)は非(ひ)常(じょう)に低(ひく)い。
       Takarakuji ga ataru kakuritsu wa hijō ni hikui.
       The chances of winning the lottery are extremely low.
** 1987 May 1 [1987 March 20], Fujiko Fujio, “ぼくは神様 [I Am God]”, in みどりの守り神 [Green Guardian God] (藤子不二雄 ＳＦ全短編; 2), 2nd edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Chuokoronsha, →ISBN, 第三章, page 600:
    確(かく)率(りつ)知(し)らない？たとえばサイコロをころがすね　思(おも)ったとおりの目(め)が出(で)る確(かく)率(りつ)は⅙(ろくぶんのいち)　六(ろっ)回(かい)に一(いっ)回(かい)ということだ　実(じっ)験(けん)回(かい)数(すう)をふやすほどデータが多(おお)くなるほど確(かく)率(りつ)は正(せい)確(かく)になる……はずなのだが……こまったことに例(れい)外(がい)がある　確(かく)率(りつ)以(い)上(じょう)にサイの目(め)を自(じ)由(ゆう)にする人(にん)間(げん)がいるのです
       Kakuritsu shiranai? Tatoeba saikoro o korogasu ne Omotta tōri no me ga deru kakuritsu wa rokubun no ichi Rokkai ni ikkai to iu koto da Jikken kaisū o fuyasu hodo dēta ga ōku naru hodo kakuritsu wa seikaku ni naru…… Hazu na no da ga…… Komatta koto ni reigai ga aru Kakuritsu ijō ni sai no me o jiyū ni suru ningen ga iru no desu
       You don’t know what probability is? Say, when you roll a die, the probability of an expected result is one sixth. Or one for every six rolls. The more times you roll, the more data you get, the more precise the probability… Or at least that’s how it’s supposed to work… There are exceptions we cannot control. There are people who can get their die results as they will, beyond probability.

#### Derived terms

* 確(かく)率(りつ)過(か)程(てい) (kakuritsu katei)
* 確(かく)率(りつ)微(び)分(ぶん)方(ほう)程(てい)式(しき) (kakuritsu bibun hōteishiki)
* 確(かく)率(りつ)分(ぶん)布(ぷ) (kakuritsu bunpu)
* 確(かく)率(りつ)変(へん)数(すう) (kakuritsu hensū)
* 確(かく)率(りつ)変(へん)動(どう) (kakuritsu hendō)
* 確(かく)率(りつ)予(よ)報(ほう) (kakuritsu yohō)
* 確(かく)率(りつ)論(ろん) (kakuritsuron)
* 確(かく)率(りつ)論(ろん)的(てき)安(あん)全(ぜん)評(ひょう)価(か) (kakuritsuron-teki anzen hyōka)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 確 | 率 |

### Noun

確率 • (hwangnyul) (hangeul 확률)
* hanja form of 확률 (“probability”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 確 | 率 |

### Noun

確率
* chữ Hán form of xác suất (“probability”).