# 噶

| 噶 | U+5676, &#22134; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5676 |
| ← 噵 [U+5675] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 噷 → [U+5677] |

## Translingual
### Han character

噶 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口廿日女 (RTAV), four-corner 6402$_7$, composition ⿰口葛)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 211, character 12
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4426
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 681, character 8
* Unihan data for U+5676

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 葛. For etymology 2, it is based on gé, the Mandarin pinyin transcription of 葛.

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): gá, gé (ga$^2$, ge$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄚˊ, ㄍㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa$^1$ / got$^3$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$keq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gá
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gá
*** Wade–Giles: ka$^2$
*** Yale: gá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gar
*** Palladius: га (ga)
*** Sinological IPA : /kä³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gé
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gé
*** Wade–Giles: ko$^2$
*** Yale: gé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ger
*** Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaa$^1$ / got$^3$
*** Yale: gā / got
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaa$^1$ / got$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ga$^1$ / god$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaː⁵⁵/, /kɔːt̚³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^7$keq
*** MiniDict: keh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$keq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kəʔ⁵⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /kəʔ⁴³/

#### Definitions

噶
* used in transcriptions

#### Compounds

* 吐噶喇列島／吐噶喇列岛 (Tùgálǎ Lièdǎo)
* 喀什噶爾／喀什噶尔
* 噶倫／噶伦 (gálún)
* 噶倫堡／噶伦堡 (Gálúnbǎo)
* 噶個點兒／噶个点儿
* 噶大克
* 噶廈／噶厦
* 噶爾／噶尔 (Gá'ěr)
* 噶爾丹／噶尔丹
* 噶瑪蘭／噶玛兰 (Gámǎlán)
* 噶當派／噶当派 (Gádāngpài)
* 噶舉派／噶举派 (Gájǔpài)
* 坦噶尼喀 (Tǎngáníkā)
* 準噶爾／准噶尔

### Etymology 2

Ultimately from 個／个 (gè).

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): ge$^3$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$keq
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ge$^3$
*** Yale: ge
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ge$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gé$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɛː³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^7$keq
*** MiniDict: keh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$keq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kəʔ⁵⁵/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /kəʔ⁴³/

#### Definitions

噶
* (Cantonese, chiefly Mainland China) Alternative form of 嘅 (ge3) (grammatical and sentence final particle).
* (Northern Wu, including Suzhounese) Alternative form of 個／个 (possessive particle)
* (Shanghainese) then; in that case

#### Synonyms

(then):
* 噶末
* (Standard) 那麼／那么 (nàme)
* (Cantonese) 噉 (gam2)
* (Hokkien) 按呢 (án-ne, án-ni)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese (Jyutping): got$^4$ / goet$^4$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: got$^4$ / goet$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɔːt̚²¹/, /kœːt̚²¹/

#### Definitions

噶
* (Cantonese, onomatopoeia) zzz (sound of snoring)
    瞓到噶噶聲／𰥛到噶噶声 [Cantonese] ― fan$^3$ dou$^3$ got$^4$ got$^{4-2}$ seng$^1$ [Jyutping] ― to snore loudly while sleeping
* (Cantonese, onomatopoeia) oink (sound of a pig)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* used in transliterations

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かつ (katsu)、かち (kachi)、が (ga)

## Korean
### Hanja

噶 • (gal) (hangeul 갈, revised gal, McCune–Reischauer kal)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

噶: Hán Nôm readings: cát, gắt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.