# ⲑⲙⲟ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲧϩⲙⲙⲟ (thmmo) — Lycopolitan
* ⲧϧⲙⲟ (txmo), ⲧϧⲙⲟⲙ (txmom), ⲑⲉⲙⲙⲟ (themmo), ⲧϩⲉⲙⲙⲟ (themmo) — Bohairic

### Etymology

Causative of ϩⲙⲟⲙ (hmom), from Demotic ty-ḫmm, from Egyptian *djt-ḫmm.

### Verb

ⲑⲙⲟ • (thmo)
* (Sahidic) to warm

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲑⲙⲟ thmo | imperative | affirmative | ⲑⲙⲟ thmo |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲑⲙⲟ tm̄thmo | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄pr̄thmo |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲑⲙⲟ tithmo | ⲕⲑⲙⲟ kthmo | ⲧⲉⲑⲙⲟ tethmo | ϥⲑⲙⲟ fthmo | ⲥⲑⲙⲟ sthmo | ⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ tn̄thmo | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ tetn̄thmo | ⲥⲉⲑⲙⲟ sethmo | ⲑⲙⲟ thmo |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ eïthmo | ⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ ekthmo | ⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ erethmo | ⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ efthmo | ⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ esthmo | ⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ enthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etetn̄thmo | ⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ euthmo | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ ere- thmo |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲑⲙⲟ etithmo | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etk̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ etethmo, eterethmo | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etf̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ ets̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etn̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etetn̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ etouthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ etere- thmo |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ neïthmo | ⲛⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ nekthmo | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ nerethmo | ⲛⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ nefthmo | ⲛⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ nesthmo | ⲛⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ nenthmo | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ netetn̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ neuthmo | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ nere- thmo |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ tinathmo | ⲕⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ knathmo | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ tenathmo | ϥⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ fnathmo | ⲥⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ snathmo | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ tn̄nathmo | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ tetnathmo | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ senathmo | ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ nathmo |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ eïnathmo | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ eknathmo | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ erenathmo | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ efnathmo | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ esnathmo | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ ennathmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ etetnathmo | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ eunathmo | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ ere- nathmo |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ etinathmo | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ etk̄nathmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ etenathmo, eterenathmo | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ etf̄nathmo | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ ets̄nathmo | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ etn̄nathmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ etetnathmo | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ etounathmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ etere- nathmo |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ neïnathmo | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ neknathmo | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ nerenathmo | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ nefnathmo | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ nesnathmo | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ nennathmo | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ netetnathmo | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ neunathmo | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ nere- nathmo |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ aïthmo | ⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ akthmo | ⲁⲑⲙⲟ, ⲁⲣⲑⲙⲟ, ⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ athmo, arthmo, arethmo | ⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ afthmo | ⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ asthmo | ⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ anthmo | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ atetn̄thmo | ⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ authmo | ⲁ- ⲑⲙⲟ a- thmo |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲑⲙⲟ m̄pithmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄pk̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲑⲙⲟ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄pethmo, m̄pr̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄pf̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄ps̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄pn̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄petn̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ m̄pouthmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ m̄pe- thmo |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ eaïthmo | ⲉⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ eakthmo | ⲉⲁⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉⲁⲣⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ eathmo, earthmo, earethmo | ⲉⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ eafthmo | ⲉⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ easthmo | ⲉⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ eanthmo | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ eatetn̄thmo | ⲉⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ eauthmo | ⲉⲁ- ⲑⲙⲟ ea- thmo |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲑⲙⲟ em̄pithmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄pk̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄pethmo, em̄pr̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄pf̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄ps̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄pn̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄petn̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ em̄pouthmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ em̄pe- thmo |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ entaïthmo, n̄taïthmo | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ entakthmo, n̄takthmo | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ entathmo, n̄tathmo, entarthmo, n̄tarthmo, entarethmo, n̄tarethmo | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ entafthmo, n̄tafthmo | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ entasthmo, n̄tasthmo | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ entanthmo, n̄tanthmo | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ entatetn̄thmo, n̄tatetn̄thmo | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ entauthmo, n̄tauthmo | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲑⲙⲟ enta- thmo, n̄ta- thmo |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲑⲙⲟ etem̄pithmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄pk̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄pethmo, etem̄pr̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄pf̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄ps̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄pn̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄petn̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ etem̄pouthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄pe- thmo |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ neaïthmo | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ neakthmo | ⲛⲉⲁⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ neathmo, nearthmo, nearethmo | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ neafthmo | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ neasthmo | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ neanthmo | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ neatetn̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ neauthmo | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲑⲙⲟ nea- thmo |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲑⲙⲟ nem̄pithmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄pk̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄pethmo, nem̄pr̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄pf̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄ps̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄pn̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄petn̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ nem̄pouthmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄pe- thmo |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ n̄taïthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ n̄takthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ n̄tathmo, n̄tarthmo, n̄tarethmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ n̄tafthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ n̄tasthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ n̄tanthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ n̄tatetn̄thmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ n̄tauthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲑⲙⲟ n̄ta- thmo |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲑⲙⲟ m̄patithmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄patk̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲙⲟ m̄patethmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄patf̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄pats̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄patn̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ m̄patetn̄thmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ m̄patouthmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ m̄pate- thmo |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲑⲙⲟ em̄patithmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄patk̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲙⲟ em̄patethmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄patf̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄pats̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄patn̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ em̄patetn̄thmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ em̄patouthmo | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ em̄pate- thmo |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲑⲙⲟ etem̄patithmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄patk̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲙⲟ etem̄patethmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄patf̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄pats̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄patn̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄patetn̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ etem̄patouthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ etem̄pate- thmo |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲑⲙⲟ nem̄patithmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄patk̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲙⲟ nem̄patethmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄patf̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄pats̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄patn̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄patetn̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ nem̄patouthmo | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ nem̄pate- thmo |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ šaïthmo | ϣⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ šakthmo | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ šarethmo | ϣⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ šafthmo | ϣⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ šasthmo | ϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ šanthmo | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ šatetn̄thmo | ϣⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ šauthmo | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ šare- thmo |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ meïthmo | ⲙⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ mekthmo | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ merethmo | ⲙⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ mefthmo | ⲙⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ mesthmo | ⲙⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ menthmo | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ metetn̄thmo | ⲙⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ meuthmo | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ mere- thmo |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ ešaïthmo | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ ešakthmo | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ ešarethmo | ⲉϣⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ ešafthmo | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ ešasthmo | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ ešanthmo | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ ešatetn̄thmo | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ ešauthmo | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ ešare- thmo |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ emeïthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ emekthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ emerethmo | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ emefthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ emesthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ ementhmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ emetetn̄thmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ emeuthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ emere- thmo |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ etešaïthmo, ešaïthmo | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ etešakthmo, ešakthmo | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ etešarethmo, ešarethmo | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ etešafthmo, ešafthmo | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ etešasthmo, ešasthmo | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ etešanthmo, ešanthmo | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etešatetn̄thmo, ešatetn̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ etešauthmo, ešauthmo | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ etešare- thmo, ešare- thmo |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ etemeïthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ etemekthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ etemerethmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ etemefthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ etemesthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ etementhmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etemetetn̄thmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ etemeuthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ etemere- thmo |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ nešaïthmo | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲑⲙⲟ nešakthmo | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ nešarethmo | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲑⲙⲟ nešafthmo | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲑⲙⲟ nešasthmo | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ nešanthmo | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nešatetn̄thmo | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲑⲙⲟ nešauthmo | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ nešare- thmo |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ nemeïthmo | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ nemekthmo | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ nemerethmo | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ nemefthmo | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ nemesthmo | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ nementhmo | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ nemetetn̄thmo | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ nemeuthmo | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ nemere- thmo |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ emeïthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ emekthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ emerethmo | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ emefthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ emesthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ ementhmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ emetetn̄thmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ emeuthmo | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ emere- thmo |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲑⲙⲟ eïethmo | ⲉⲕⲉⲑⲙⲟ ekethmo | ⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ erethmo | ⲉϥⲉⲑⲙⲟ efethmo | ⲉⲥⲉⲑⲙⲟ esethmo | ⲉⲛⲉⲑⲙⲟ enethmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲑⲙⲟ etetnethmo | ⲉⲩⲉⲑⲙⲟ euethmo | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ ere- thmo |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲑⲙⲟ n̄nathmo | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ n̄nekthmo | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲑⲙⲟ n̄nethmo | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ n̄nefthmo | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ n̄nesthmo | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ n̄nenthmo | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ n̄netn̄thmo | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ n̄neuthmo | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ n̄ne- thmo |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟ marithmo | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ marefthmo | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ maresthmo | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ marn̄thmo | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ marouthmo | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ mare- thmo |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲑⲙⲟ m̄pr̄trathmo | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ m̄pr̄trefthmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ m̄pr̄tresthmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ m̄pr̄trenthmo | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ m̄pr̄treuthmo | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ m̄pr̄tre- thmo |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲑⲙⲟ, ⲧⲁⲑⲙⲟ n̄tathmo, tathmo | ⲛ̄ⲅⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲑⲙⲟ n̄gthmo, n̄kthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲑⲙⲟ n̄tethmo | ⲛ̄ϥⲑⲙⲟ n̄fthmo | ⲛ̄ⲥⲑⲙⲟ n̄sthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ n̄tn̄thmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ n̄tetn̄thmo | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲑⲙⲟ n̄sethmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ n̄te- thmo |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟ tarithmo | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ tarekthmo | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ tarethmo | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ tarefthmo | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ taresthmo | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ tarn̄thmo | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ taretn̄thmo | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ tarouthmo | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ tare- thmo |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲑⲙⲟ n̄terithmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ n̄terekthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲑⲙⲟ n̄terethmo, n̄tererthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ n̄terefthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ n̄teresthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ n̄tern̄thmo, n̄terenthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ n̄teretn̄thmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ n̄terouthmo | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ n̄tere- thmo |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲑⲙⲟ šantithmo | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲑⲙⲟ šantk̄thmo | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲑⲙⲟ šantethmo | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ šantf̄thmo | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲑⲙⲟ šants̄thmo | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ šantn̄thmo | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ šantetn̄thmo | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲑⲙⲟ šantouthmo | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ šante- thmo |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ eïšanthmo | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ ekšanthmo | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ eršanthmo, erešanthmo | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ efšanthmo | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ esšanthmo | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ enšanthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ etetn̄šanthmo | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲑⲙⲟ eušanthmo | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲑⲙⲟ eršan- thmo |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲑⲙⲟ eïthmo | ⲉⲕⲑⲙⲟ ekthmo | ⲉⲣⲉⲑⲙⲟ erethmo | ⲉϥⲑⲙⲟ efthmo | ⲉⲥⲑⲙⲟ esthmo | ⲉⲛⲑⲙⲟ enthmo | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲑⲙⲟ etetn̄thmo | ⲉⲩⲑⲙⲟ euthmo | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲙⲟ ere- thmo |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

### Noun

ⲑⲙⲟ • (thmo) m
* (Bohairic) warmth

### References

* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 204
* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 459