# 躇

| 躇 | U+8E87, &#36487; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8E87 |
| ← 躆 [U+8E86] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 躈 → [U+8E88] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 躇 |
| Simplified | 躇 |
| Japanese | 躇 |
| Korean | 躇 |

### Han character

躇 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+13, 20 strokes, cangjie input 口一廿十日 (RMTJA), four-corner 6416$_4$, composition ⿰𧾷著)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1234, character 41
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37925
* Dae Jaweon: page 1707, character 15
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3732, character 14
* Unihan data for U+8E87

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 觰 | *rtaːʔ, *rtaː |
| 諸 | *tjaː, *tja |
| 者 | *tjaːʔ |
| 堵 | *tjaːʔ, *taːʔ |
| 赭 | *tjaːʔ |
| 撦 | *l̥ʰjaːʔ |
| 扯 | *tʰjaːʔ |
| 闍 | *djaː, *taː |
| 奢 | *hljaː |
| 鍺 | *toːlʔ |
| 都 | *taː |
| 醏 | *taː |
| 覩 | *taːʔ |
| 睹 | *taːʔ |
| 暏 | *taːʔ |
| 賭 | *taːʔ |
| 帾 | *taːʔ |
| 楮 | *taːʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 屠 | *daː, *da |
| 瘏 | *daː |
| 廜 | *daː |
| 鷵 | *daː |
| 緒 | *ljaʔ |
| 豬 | *ta |
| 猪 | *ta |
| 瀦 | *ta |
| 藸 | *ta, *da |
| 櫫 | *ta |
| 褚 | *taʔ, *tʰaʔ |
| 著 | *taʔ, *tas, *da, *taɡ, *daɡ |
| 箸 | *tas, *das |
| 儲 | *da |
| 躇 | *da |
| 櫧 | *tja |
| 藷 | *tja, *djas |
| 蠩 | *tja |
| 煮 | *tjaʔ |
| 渚 | *tjaʔ |
| 煑 | *tjaʔ |
| 陼 | *tjaʔ |
| 翥 | *tjas |
| 署 | *djas |
| 薯 | *djas |
| 曙 | *djas |
| 書 | *hlja |
| 暑 | *hjaʔ |
| 鐯 | *taɡ |
| 擆 | *taɡ |
| 櫡 | *taɡ |

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chú (chu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨˊ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): tîr / tû / tî / thû
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tu$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chú
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chú
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^2$
*** Yale: chú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwu
*** Palladius: чу (ču)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tîr
*** Tâi-lô: tîr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tɯ²⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tû
*** Tâi-lô: tû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: duu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tu²³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /tu²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tu¹³/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tî
*** Tâi-lô: tî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dii
*** IPA (Taipei): /ti²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ti²³/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thû
*** Tâi-lô: thû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tuu
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰu²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰu²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tu$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thû
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: drjo
Rime :
| Character | 躇 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 澄 (11) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 直魚切 |
| Baxter | drjo |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɖɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȡiɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ȡiɔ/ |
| Wang Li | /ȡĭo/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȡʱi̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cyu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*da/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 躇 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 16997 |
| Phonetic component | 者 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 除 |
| Old Chinese | /*da/ |

#### Definitions

躇
* to walk back and forth
* to hesitate; to falter; to be undecided
* to trample on

#### Compounds

* 肚裡躊躇／肚里踌躇
* 踟躇 (chíchú)
* 蹰躇 (chúchú)
* 躇階／躇阶
* 躊躇／踌躇 (chóuchú)
* 躊躇不決／踌躇不决
* 躊躇未決／踌躇未决
* 躊躇滿志／踌躇满志 (chóuchúmǎnzhì)
* 躕躇／蹰躇 (chúchú)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chuò (chuo$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄛˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chuò
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuò
*** Wade–Giles: chʻo$^4$
*** Yale: chwò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuoh
*** Palladius: чо (čo)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰrak/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 躇 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chuò |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ trhjak › |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰrak/ |
| English | jump over, pass over |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||

#### Definitions

躇
* to overstep; to pass over; to advance out of turn

### Pronunciation 3

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thu̍h
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thu̍h
*** Tâi-lô: thu̍h
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tuh
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰuʔ¹²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰuʔ⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰuʔ²⁴/

#### Definitions

躇
* (Hokkien) impractical and stupid (often reduplicated)
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to move slowly; to dawdle; to dillydally

### References

* “躇”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ちゃく (chaku)
* Kan-on: ちょ (cho)
* Kun: ためらう (tamerau, 躇う)

#### Compounds

* 躊躇(ちゅうちょ) (chūcho)
* 躊躇(ためら)う (tamerau)

## Korean
### Hanja

躇 • (jeo, chak) (hangeul 저, 착, revised jeo, chak, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, ch'ak, Yale ce, chak)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

躇: Hán Nôm readings: chứa
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.