OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 麒麟鹿
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Eastern Min (BUC): gì-lìng-lĕ̤k
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kî-lîn-lo̍k
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gì-lìng-lĕ̤k
*** Sinological IPA : /ki⁵³⁻³³ l̃iŋ⁵³⁻³³ $^{(l-)}$nˡøyʔ⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Singapore, Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kî-lîn-lo̍k
*** Tâi-lô: kî-lîn-lo̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kilinlok
*** IPA (Singapore): /ki²⁴⁻²¹ lin²⁴⁻²¹ lɔk̚⁴³/
*** IPA (Penang): /ki²³⁻²¹ lin²³⁻²¹ lɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki²³⁻³³ lin²³⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ki²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔk̚⁴/

### Noun

麒麟鹿
* (Min) giraffe
    From: 2002, 〈麒麟鹿欲坐車〉, in 《歡喜念歌詩(1)-麒麟鹿欲坐車》, page 70
    Kî-lîn-lo̍k beh chē-chhia [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The giraffe wants to get a ride

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 長頸鹿 |
| Taxonomic name | Taxonomic name | 長頸鹿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 長脖兒鹿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 長頸鹿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 長頸鹿 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 長脖兒鹿 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 長頸鹿 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 長頸鹿 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 長頸鹿 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 長頸鹿 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 長頸鹿 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 長頸鹿仔 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 長頸鹿 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 長頸鹿 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 長頸鹿 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 長頸鹿 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 長頸鹿 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 長頸鹿 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 長頸鹿, 長頷鹿 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 長頸鹿 |
| Southern Min | Taipei (Wanhua) | 長頭鹿 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 長頭鹿 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 長頷鹿, 麒麟仔 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 長頷頸 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 長頸鹿, 長鹿仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 長頷鹿 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 躼跤鹿仔 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 躼跤鹿仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 麒麟鹿 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 麒麟 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 麒麟鹿 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 長頷鹿 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 長頷鹿 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 長頷鹿 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 長頷鹿 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 麒麟鹿, 長頸鹿 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 麒麟鹿, 長跤鹿, 長頸鹿 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 長頸鹿 |
# 鼠疫杆菌
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鼠疫杆菌 – see 鼠疫桿菌. (This term is the simplified form of 鼠疫桿菌).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 鳴物
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 鳴 | 物 |
| な(り) Grade: 2 | もの Grade: 3 |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 鳴物 – see the following entry. :
| 【なりもの】 | [noun] (music) musical instrument [noun] (music, specifically) percussion instrument Alternative spelling 鳴り物 |
(This term, 鳴物, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 鳴笛
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): míngdí
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ming$^4$ dek$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bêng-ta̍t
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: míngdí
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: míngdí
*** Wade–Giles: ming$^2$-ti$^2$
*** Yale: míng-dí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mingdyi
*** Palladius: минди (mindi)
*** Sinological IPA : /miŋ³⁵ ti³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ming$^4$ dek$^6$
*** Yale: mìhng dehk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ming$^4$ dek$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ming$^4$ dég$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɪŋ²¹ tɛːk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bêng-ta̍t
*** Tâi-lô: bîng-ta̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: bengdat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tat̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ¹³⁻²² tat̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ²³⁻³³ tat̚⁴/

### Verb

鳴笛
* to hoot
* to whistle
* to honk a car horn

#### Synonyms

* (to honk a car horn): (Cantonese) 響咹／响咹 (hoeng$^2$ on$^1$)
# 鳴管
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): míngguǎn
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄢˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: míngguǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: míngguǎn
*** Wade–Giles: ming$^2$-kuan$^3$
*** Yale: míng-gwǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: minggoan
*** Palladius: мингуань (minguanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /miŋ³⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

鳴管
* (ornithology) syrinx

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 鳴 | 管 |
| めい Grade: 2 | かん Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) めーかん [mèékáń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [me̞ːkã̠ɴ]

### Noun

鳴(めい)管(かん) • (meikan)
* (ornithology) syrinx

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 鳴 | 管 |

### Noun

鳴管 • (myeonggwan) (hangeul 명관)
* hanja form of 명관 (“syrinx”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 鳴 | 管 |

### Noun

鳴管
* chữ Hán form of minh quản (“syrinx”).
# 鷄宿
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鷄宿 – see 雞宿 (“chicken coop; henhouse”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 雞宿).
# 鸡蕾
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鸡蕾 – see 雞蕾 (“medium-sized chicken”). (This term is the simplified form of 雞蕾).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 默記
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): mòjì
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˋ ㄐㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mak$^6$ gei$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: mòjì
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˋ ㄐㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: mòjì
*** Wade–Giles: mo$^4$-chi$^4$
*** Yale: mwò-jì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mohjih
*** Palladius: моцзи (moczi)
*** Sinological IPA : /mu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mak$^6$ gei$^3$
*** Yale: mahk gei
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mak$^9$ gei$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: meg$^6$ géi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɐk̚² kei̯³³/

### Verb

默記
* to make a mental note

#### Synonyms

* 暗記／暗记 (ànjì)
# ꦏꦸꦭꦮꦂꦒ
## Javanese
### Etymology

Compound of ꦏꦸꦭ (kula, “I; lineage”) +‎ ꦮꦂꦒ (warga, “member”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ku.lɔ.war.ɡɔ/
* Rhymes: -ɡɔ
* Hyphenation: ku‧la‧war‧ga

### Noun

ꦏꦸꦭꦮꦂꦒ (kulawarga)
* family

#### Descendants

* → Malay: keluarga
** > Indonesian: keluarga (inherited)

### Further reading

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2015) “kulawarga”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
# ꅥ

| ꅥ | U+A165, &#41317; YI SYLLABLE NDUP |
| ← ꅤ [U+A164] | Yi Syllables | ꅦ → [U+A166] |

## Nuosu
### Verb

ꅥ (ndup)
* to hit
# 黃浦
## Chinese

* 黃浦

### Etymology

Short for 黃歇浦／黄歇浦 (Huángxiēpǔ)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Huángpǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄆㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wong$^4$ pou$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Hông-phó͘
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$waon-phu
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Huángpǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄆㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Huángpǔ
*** Wade–Giles: Huang$^2$-pʻu$^3$
*** Yale: Hwáng-pǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Hwangpuu
*** Palladius: Хуанпу (Xuanpu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wong$^4$ pou$^2$
*** Yale: wòhng póu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wong$^4$ pou$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wong$^4$ pou$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɔːŋ²¹ pʰou̯³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hông-phó͘
*** Tâi-lô: Hông-phóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hongphor
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³⁻²² pʰɔ⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰɔ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ²³⁻³³ pʰɔ⁴¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$waon-phu
*** MiniDict: waon$^去$ phu
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhuaan-phu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦuɑ̃²² pʰu⁴⁴/

### Proper noun

黃浦
* (～江) Huangpu River (a river in Shanghai, China; a tributary of the Yangtze)
* (～區) Huangpu (a district of Shanghai, China)

#### Descendants

* → English: Huangpu, Whangpoo, Whang-poo

#### See also

* (not to be confused with) 黃埔／黄埔 (Huángpǔ)
# ꯑꯄꯥꯕ
## Manipuri
### Etymology 1

From ꯄꯥ (paa, “to read”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐpabɐ]

#### Adjective

ꯑꯄꯥꯕ (ʼapaaba)
* of something having read

### Etymology 2

From ꯄꯥ (paa, “to be thin, slender”).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɐpábɐ]

#### Adjective

ꯑꯄꯥꯕ (ʼapaaba)
* thin; slender
# ꓕꓹ ꓟꓳꓼ
## Lisu
### Noun

ꓕꓹ ꓟꓳꓼ (tʰɑ̌ mò̱)
* otter
# ꓘ

| ꓘ | U+A4D8, &#42200; LISU LETTER KHA |
| ← ꓗ [U+A4D7] | Lisu | ꓙ → [U+A4D9] |

## Translingual
### Noun

ꓘ
* (baseball scorecard) Represents a strikeout in which the batter did not swing at the final pitch.

#### Further reading

* ꓘ on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Lisu
### Etymology

Derived from Latin letter K.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kʰ/, [kʰ]

### Letter

ꓘ (kʰɑ)
* The ninth letter of the Lisu alphabet, written in Fraser script
# 극호
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 極好, from 極 (“extreme”) + 好 (“good”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kɯkʰo̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [그코]

### Noun

극호 • (geukho) (hanja 極好)
* (neologism, slang) extremely liking (something)
    Antonym: 극혐(極嫌) (geukhyeom)

#### Derived terms

* 극호(極好)하다 (geukhohada)
# 근교
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 近郊 (“suburb; outlying area; outskirts”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈkɯ(ː)nɡjo]
* Phonetic hangul: [근(ː)교]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

근교 • (geun'gyo) (hanja 近郊)
* suburb; outlying area; outskirts

#### Synonyms

* 교외 (郊外, gyooe)
# 관광객
## Jeju
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 觀光客, an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 観光客(かんこうきゃく) (kankōkyaku, “visitor, tourist”). Cognate with or possibly borrowed from Korean 관광객 (gwan'gwanggaek).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽kwankwaŋkæk⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [kwanɡwaŋɡæk̚] ~ [kwanɡwaŋɡek̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [관광객/관광겍]

### Noun

관광객 (gwan'gwanggaek)
* tourist, sightseer, traveler
** 2011 October 30, 송상조 [songsangjo], “모다들엉덜 세계 7대 경관 들어사합니다 [modadeureongdeol segye 7dae gyeonggwan deureosahamnida]”, in 제주어보전회 양전형의 제주어로 읽는 세상사 31 [jejueobojeonhoe - yangjeonhyeong'ui jejueoro ingneun sesangsa 31, Jeju Preservation Society]‎:경ᄒᆞ난 ᄀᆞᆮ는 말이, 중국 관광객 이천 멩이 다섯 번에 ᄂᆞ놩 들어 오는디, 그 사름덜 환영ᄒᆞ노렌 이초록 ᄎᆞᆯ련 잇노렌 ᄀᆞᆮ는 거 아니꽈.Gyeonghawnan gawnneun mar-i, jungguk gwan'gwanggaek icheon meng-i daseot beon-e nawnwang deureo oneundi, geu sareum-deol hwanyeonghawnoren i-chorok chawllyeon innoren gawnneun geo anikkwa.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 2012 August 23, 문순덕 [munsundeok, Moon Soon-deok], 오승훈 [oseunghun, Oh Seung-hun], “IV. 관광 [IV. gwan'gwang, Travel and Tourism]”, in 원종섭 [wonjongseop, Won Jong-sup], transl., edited by (주)컴퍼스미디어 [(ju)keompeoseumidieo, Compass Media Ltd.], 제주어와 영어로 ᄀᆞᆮ는 제주 이야기: A Guide to Jeju Spoken in the Language of Jeju and English‎, 제주발전연구원 [jejubaljeonyeon'guwon]: 양영오 [yang'yeong'o, Yang Young-oh], →ISBN, archived from the original on 27 January 2023, 쇼핑: 특산품(2): “아, 이게 옥돔이우꽈?” [syoping: teuksanpum(2): “a, ige okdomiukkwa?”], page 80:민주: 아, 이게 옥돔이우까? 관광객덜신듸도 인기 상품이옌 들어 난 것 닮수다. 진영: 맞수다. 제주도에 온 관광객덜은 ᄆᆞᆯ린 오토미를 하영 사 갑네다.Minju: A, ige okdom-iukka? Gwan'gwanggaek-deol-sindui-do in'gi sangpumiyen deureo nan geot damsuda. jinyeong: Matsuda. Jejudo-e on gwan'gwanggaek-deor-eun mawllin otomi-reul hayeong sa gamneda.Minju: Oh, is this a tilefish? I heard that this is popular among travelers, too. Jinyeong: Yes. Many people traveling to Jeju buy dried tilefish.

## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 觀光客, an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 観光客(かんこうきゃく) (kankōkyaku, “visitor, tourist”). Cognate with Jeju 관광객 (gwan'gwanggaek).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwa̠nɡwa̠ŋɡɛk̚] ~ [kwa̠nɡwa̠ŋɡe̞k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [관광객/관광겍]

### Noun

관광객 • (gwan'gwanggaek) (hanja 觀光客)
* tourist, sightseer, traveler
# 관계자
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 關係 (“relation”) + 者 (“person”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwa̠nɡje̞d͡ʑa̠] ~ [kwa̠nɡe̞d͡ʑa̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [관계자/관게자]

### Noun

관계자 • (gwan'gyeja) (hanja 關係者)
* a concerned, involved or interested party
* authorized personnel; official
    지난해, 위롱 설산 공원의 관계자는 이백육십만명의 방문객이 그 산을 방문했다고 보고했다.Jinanhae, Wirong seolsan gong'won-ui gwan'gyeja-neun ibaegyuksimmanmyeong-ui bangmun'gaeg-i geu san-eul bangmunhaetdago bogohaetda.Last year, Yulong Snow Mountain park officials reported that 2.6 million visitors came to the mountain.
# 관광하다
## Korean
### Etymology

관광(觀光) (gwan'gwang, “tourism”) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwa̠nɡwa̠ŋɦa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [관광하다]

### Verb

관광하다 • (gwan'gwanghada) (infinitive 관광해 or 관광하여, sequential 관광하니)
* to tour; to go sightseeing
# 관광학
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 觀光學, from 觀光 (“tourism”) + 學 (“studies”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwa̠nɡwa̠ŋɦa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [관광학]

### Noun

관광학 • (gwan'gwanghak) (hanja 觀光學)
* tourism studies
# ꠞꠤꠡꠇꠣ
## Sylheti
### Etymology

From Japanese 力車 (rikisha), an abbreviation of 人力車 (jinrikisha). Cognate with Assamese ৰিক্সা (riksa), Bengali রিকশা (rikśa), Hindi रिक्शा (rikśā).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾiʃka/

### Noun

ꠞꠤꠡꠇꠣ • (riśoxa)
* rickshaw
# ꠞꠣꠇꠣꠔ
## Sylheti
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /raxat/

### Etymology 1

From ꠞꠣꠇꠣ (raxa, “keep, force to accept; guard”).

#### Noun

ꠞꠣꠇꠣꠔ • (raxat)
* pasture
** 2017, Folktales in Sylheti: The Boy Who Cried Tiger, →ISBN:ꠉꠞꠥ ꠞꠣꠇꠣꠔ ꠉꠤꠀ ꠢꠦ ꠢꠇꠟ ꠡꠝꠄ ꠄꠇꠐꠣ ꠖꠥꠡ꠆ꠐꠣꠝꠤ ꠇꠞꠔ।Upon going to the cattle pasture, he would always make mischief.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian رکعت (rak'at), ultimately from Arabic رَكْعَة (rakʕa). Compare Urdu رکعت.

#### Noun

ꠞꠣꠇꠣꠔ • (raxat)
* (Islam) rak'a, an iteration of bowing in the salah prayer

### References

* Gwynn, Roger (2016) “rakat”, in Londoni Sylheti dictionary, Part I : Sylheti-English, Middletown, DE: Acre Press.
# 금기
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 禁忌.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈkɯ(ː)mɡi]
* Phonetic hangul: [금(ː)기]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

금기 • (geumgi) (hanja 禁忌)
* taboo
    Synonym: 터부 (teobu)
* contraindication

#### Derived terms

* 금기시 (禁忌視, geumgisi)
* 금기하다 (禁忌—, geumgihada)
# 대밭
## Korean
### Etymology

From 대 (dae) + 밭 (bat).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tɛba̠t̚] ~ [te̞ba̠t̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [대받/데받]

### Noun

대밭 • (daebat)
* a bamboo field
# 대문
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 大門 (“gate, (front/main) entrance, door”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈtɛ(ː)mun] ~ [ˈte̞(ː)mun]
* Phonetic hangul: [대(ː)문/데(ː)문]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

대문 • (daemun) (hanja 大門)
* gate, (front/main) entrance, door
# ꦏꦼꦗꦸ
## Javanese
### Etymology

Unknown

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kə.d͡ʒu/
* Rhymes: -d͡ʒu
* Hyphenation: ke‧ju

### Adjective

ꦏꦼꦗꦸ (keju)
* stiff

### Further reading

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2015) “keju”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
# 꼼틀
## Korean
### Etymology

Intensive form of 곰틀 (gomteul).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [k͈o̞mtʰɯɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [꼼틀]

### Ideophone

Ablaut/harmonic pair :
| Yin-form | 꿈틀 (kkumteul) |
| Yang-form | 꼼틀 (kkomteul) |
Consonant set :
| Plain | 곰틀 (gomteul) |
| Intensive | 꼼틀 (kkomteul) |
꼼틀 • (kkomteul)
* while indeed squirming once with small motions

#### Related terms

Ideophones derived from 곰/굼 (gom/gum-, "moving, squirming") :
| Old Korean: 丘物叱丘物叱 (*kwumulskwumuls) Middle Korean: 구믈구믈 (kwumulkwumul) ||||
| Yang-vowel form | Yang-vowel form | Yin-vowel form | Yin-vowel form |
| 고물고물 (gomulgomul) 고무락고무락 (gomurakgomurak) | 꼬물꼬물 (kkomulkkomul) 꼬무락꼬무락 (kkomurakkkomurak) | 구물구물 (gumulgumul) 구무럭구무럭 (gumureokgumureok) | 꾸물꾸물 (kkumulkkumul) 꾸무럭꾸무럭 (kkumureokkkumureok) |
| 곰실곰실 (gomsilgomsil) 곰지락 (gomjirak) 곰지락곰지락 (gomjirakgomjirak) | 꼼실꼼실 (kkomsilkkomsil) 꼼지락 (kkomjirak) 꼼지락꼼지락 (kkomjirakkkomjirak) | 굼실굼실 (gumsilgumsil) 굼지럭 (gumjireok) 굼지럭굼지럭 (gumjireokgumjireok) | 꿈실꿈실 (kkumsilkkumsil) 꿈지럭 (kkumjireok) 꿈지럭꿈지럭 (kkumjireokkkumjireok) |
| 곰틀 (gomteul) 곰틀곰틀 (gomteulgomteul) | 꼼틀 (kkomteul) 꼼틀꼼틀 (kkomteulkkomteul) 꼼트락꼼트락 (kkomteurakkkomteurak) | 굼틀 (gumteul) 굼틀굼틀 (gumteulgumteul) | 꿈틀 (kkumteul) 꿈틀꿈틀 (kkumteulkkumteul) 꿈트럭꿈트럭 (kkumteureokkkumteureok) |
| 굼뜨다 (gumtteuda, “to be sluggish”) (adjective) 굼벵이 (gumbeng'i, “larva”) (noun) ||||
# 꼼지락
## Korean
### Etymology

Intensive form of 곰지락 (gomjirak).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [k͈o̞md͡ʑiɾa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [꼼지락]

### Ideophone

Ablaut/harmonic pair :
| Yin-form | 굼지럭 (gumjireok) |
| Yang-form | 꼼지락 (kkomjirak) |
Consonant set :
| Plain | 곰지락 (gomjirak) |
| Intensive | 꼼지락 (kkomjirak) |
꼼지락 • (kkomjirak)
* while indeed wriggling once; while indeed slowly moving one's body or body part by a small amount

#### Related terms

Ideophones derived from 곰/굼 (gom/gum-, "moving, squirming") :
| Old Korean: 丘物叱丘物叱 (*kwumulskwumuls) Middle Korean: 구믈구믈 (kwumulkwumul) ||||
| Yang-vowel form | Yang-vowel form | Yin-vowel form | Yin-vowel form |
| 고물고물 (gomulgomul) 고무락고무락 (gomurakgomurak) | 꼬물꼬물 (kkomulkkomul) 꼬무락꼬무락 (kkomurakkkomurak) | 구물구물 (gumulgumul) 구무럭구무럭 (gumureokgumureok) | 꾸물꾸물 (kkumulkkumul) 꾸무럭꾸무럭 (kkumureokkkumureok) |
| 곰실곰실 (gomsilgomsil) 곰지락 (gomjirak) 곰지락곰지락 (gomjirakgomjirak) | 꼼실꼼실 (kkomsilkkomsil) 꼼지락 (kkomjirak) 꼼지락꼼지락 (kkomjirakkkomjirak) | 굼실굼실 (gumsilgumsil) 굼지럭 (gumjireok) 굼지럭굼지럭 (gumjireokgumjireok) | 꿈실꿈실 (kkumsilkkumsil) 꿈지럭 (kkumjireok) 꿈지럭꿈지럭 (kkumjireokkkumjireok) |
| 곰틀 (gomteul) 곰틀곰틀 (gomteulgomteul) | 꼼틀 (kkomteul) 꼼틀꼼틀 (kkomteulkkomteul) 꼼트락꼼트락 (kkomteurakkkomteurak) | 굼틀 (gumteul) 굼틀굼틀 (gumteulgumteul) | 꿈틀 (kkumteul) 꿈틀꿈틀 (kkumteulkkumteul) 꿈트럭꿈트럭 (kkumteureokkkumteureok) |
| 굼뜨다 (gumtteuda, “to be sluggish”) (adjective) 굼벵이 (gumbeng'i, “larva”) (noun) ||||
# 돌덩이
## Korean
### Etymology

돌 (dol) +‎ 덩이 (deong'i).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [to̞ɭdʌ̹ŋi]
* Phonetic hangul: [돌덩이]

### Noun

돌덩이 • (doldeong'i)
* rock, stone
# 돌돔
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈto̞(ː)ɭdo̞m]
* Phonetic hangul: [돌(ː)돔]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

돌돔 • (doldom)
* striped beakfish, Opleganthus fasciatus.

#### Derived terms

* 뚊 (ttyom)
# 돌드
## Korean
### Etymology

Borrowed from Russian то́рт (tórt).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [to̞ɭdɯ]
* Phonetic hangul: [돌드]

### Noun

돌드 • (doldeu)
* (Russia) cake
# 돌려주다
## Korean
### Etymology

돌리 (dolli-, “to turn”)+ 어 (-eo, infinitive suffix) + 주다 (juda, “to give”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [to̞ʎʎʌ̹d͡ʑuda̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [돌려주다]

### Verb

돌려주다 • (dollyeojuda) (infinitive 돌려주어 or 돌려줘, sequential 돌려주니) (transitive)
* to return, to give back
    저는 친구에게서 빌려 간 책을 돌려줬어요.Jeo-neun chin'gu-egeseo billyeo gan chaeg-eul dollyeojwosseoyo.I gave the book I had borrowed back to my friend.
* to accommodate (a person with a loan), to advance
# 돌마자
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [to̞ɭma̠d͡ʑa̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [돌마자]

### Noun

돌마자 • (dolmaja)
* Microphysogobio yaluensis, a species of gudgeon endemic to the Korean Peninsula.

#### References

* National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (2007 January 19 (last accessed)) “돌마자 [dolmaja]”, in 표준국어대사전 [pyojun'gugeodaesajeon]‎
* 김, 익수 with 박종영 (2002) “돌마자”, in 한국의 민물고기, Seoul: Kyo-Hak Publishing, →ISBN, page 148
# 나찰
## Korean
### Alternative forms

* 라찰 (rachal) — North Korea

### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 羅刹

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [na̠t͡ɕʰa̠ɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [나찰]

### Noun

나찰 • (nachal) (hanja 羅刹)
* (Hindu mythology, Hinduism, Buddhism) a rakshasa
# 龍彦
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 龍 | 彦 |
| たつ Jinmeiyō | ひこ Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi ||

### Proper noun

龍(たつ)彦(ひこ) • (Tatsuhiko)
* a male given name
# 모루
## Korean
### Etymology

First attested in the Bak Tongsa eonhae (朴通事諺解 / 박통사언해), 1677, as Early Modern Korean 모로.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈmo̞(ː)ɾu]
* Phonetic hangul: [모(ː)루]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

모루 • (moru)
* anvil (tool)
# 모르모트
## Korean
### Etymology

Borrowed from Japanese モルモット (morumotto), from Dutch marmot, so-called due to Dutch traders mistakenly identifying guinea pigs as marmots when they first brought them to Japan. Doublet of 마멋 (mameot, “marmot”) and 마르모트 (mareumoteu, “marmot”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [mo̞ɾɯmo̞tʰɯ]
* Phonetic hangul: [모르모트]

### Noun

모르모트 • (moreumoteu)
* (dated) a guinea pig (tailless rodent)
    Synonym: 기니피그 (ginipigeu)
* (informal, idiomatic) a guinea pig (an experimental subject)
    Synonym: (slang) 마루타 (maruta)

#### Usage notes

* Not to be confused with 마멋 (mameot) or 마르모트 (mareumoteu, “marmot”).

### References

* ↑ 語源由来辞典 Gogen Yurai Jiten
# 방점
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 傍點, from 傍 (“beside, nearby”) + 點 (“dot”), with compound/genitive tensing applied.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠ŋt͡ɕ͈ʌ̹m]
* Phonetic hangul: [방쩜]

### Noun

방점 • (bangjeom) (hanja 傍點)
* (typography) a dot or similar mark attached to a character to display emphasis
* diacritical marks, written to the left of (vertically written) Korean syllables in the Hunmin jeongeum, representing the tones of Middle Korean; fell into disuse by the 17th century.

#### Synonyms

* (dots used to represent Chinese tones):
** 곁점 (곁點, gyeotjeom), 사성점 (四聲點, saseongjeom)
** (North Korea) 가락점 (가락點, garakjeom), 성조점 (聲調點, seongjojeom)

#### See also

* Japanese: 傍点(ぼうてん) (bōten), 圏点(けんてん) (kenten)
# 방울새풀
## Korean
### Etymology

방울새 (bang'ulsae, “grey-capped greenfinch”) +‎ 풀 (pul, “grass”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pa̠ŋuɭsʰɛpʰuɭ] ~ [pa̠ŋuɭsʰe̞pʰuɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [방울새풀/방울세풀]

### Noun

방울새풀 • (bang'ulsaepul)
* A quaking grass, especially the lesser quaking-grass (Briza minor)
# 갖춤
## Korean
### Etymology

Verb noun from 갖추다.

### Noun

갖춤 • (gatchum)
* preparation, equipment

#### Derived terms

* 갖춤새 (Einstellung)
* 셋갖춤 (three-piece suit)
# 뚜

| 뚜 | U+B69C, &#46748; HANGUL SYLLABLE DDU |
| Composition: | ㄸ + ㅜ |
| ← 뚛 [U+B69B] | Hangul Syllables | 뚝 → [U+B69D] |
뚜뚝뚞뚟뚠뚡뚢 뚣뚤뚥뚦뚧뚨뚩 뚪뚫뚬뚭뚮뚯뚰 뚱뚲뚳뚴뚵뚶뚷 :
| 뚀 ← | → 뚸 |

## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [t͈u]
* Phonetic hangul: [뚜]

### Noun

뚜 • (ttu)
* (the sound of) hooting, tooting
* (derogatory) matchmaker, pimp
# ꜹ

| ꜹ | U+A739, &#42809; LATIN SMALL LETTER AV |
| ← Ꜹ [U+A738] | Latin Extended-D | Ꜻ → [U+A73A] |

## Old Norse
### Letter

ꜹ (upper case Ꜹ)
* Alternative form of ꜷ
# 벼룻물
## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin. From 벼루 (byeoru, “inkstone”) +‎ ㅅ (-s-) +‎ 물 (mul, “water”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pjʌ̹ɾunmuɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [벼룬물]

### Noun

벼룻물 • (byeorunmul)
* water poured on an inkstone to make ink
    Synonym: 연수(硯水) (yeonsu)
# 벼메뚜기
## Korean
### Etymology

벼 (byeo, “rice plant”) +‎ 메뚜기 (mettugi, “short-horned grasshopper”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pjʌ̹me̞t͈uɡi]
* Phonetic hangul: [벼메뚜기]

### Noun

벼메뚜기 • (byeomettugi)
* Oxya chinensis sinuosa, a species of grasshopper native to Korea