# شيرة
## Arabic
### Alternative forms

* شَيْرَى (šayrā), شَيْرُون (šayrūn)

### Etymology

Surely an Aramaic borrowing, with varying reflex of the emphatic state and -ōn diminutive ending, probably a particular sense of שֵׁירָא / ܫܶܐܪܳܐ (šērā), otherwise known as “bracelet” like سِوَار (siwār) and also a kind of ring-shaped restraint around the head of a beast.
There is also Jewish Babylonian Aramaic שׁוּגְרְיָא (šūgrəyā, “basket woven of palm-leaves for dates”), derived from Akkadian 𒋗𒍀 (šu-guru$_5$ /⁠šugrû⁠/, “basket; a processed form of dates”) and that from Sumerian 𒋗𒍀 (šu-guru$_5$), passed also into Arabic as شَوْغَرَة (šawḡara, “pannier of dates”).
شَجَر (šajar), also vocalized in a foreign fashion شِجَر (šijar) and شِجَار (šijār), used in the meaning “fig trees” in al-Andalus and Morocco, may be a kindred borrowing, the etymon being attested as שִׁיגְרָא, שִׁגְרָא (šiḡrā, “dried or pressed dates”). As in ثَمَر (ṯamar, “fruits”) against تَمْر (tamr, “dates”), the meaning has then generalized from “figs” to “trees”.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃaj.ra/

### Noun

شَيْرَة • (šayra) f (plural شَيْرَات (šayrāt))
* threaded fillet of sparterie for the transport as well as sale of figs, pannier, two-handed frail

#### Declension
### References
#### Primary witnesses

       شَيْرَة (šayra)
    1871, Celestino Schiaparelli, “شيرة”, in Vocabulista in arabico. Pubblicato per la prima volta sopra un codice della Biblioteca Riccardiana di Firenze, Firenze: Tipografia dei successori Le Monnier, page 127:
       plural شَوَارِيّ (šawāriyy) of شَيْرَى (šayrā)
    a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII$^e$ siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎, number 2, published 1934, pages 225 (٣٣) line 3 and 226 (٣٤) 16:
       diminutive شَيْرُون (šayrūn) and شَوَارِن (šawārin) (with dialectal shortening)
    1871, Celestino Schiaparelli, “شيرة”, in Vocabulista in arabico. Pubblicato per la prima volta sopra un codice della Biblioteca Riccardiana di Firenze, Firenze: Tipografia dei successori Le Monnier, page 589:
       plural شَيْرَات (šayrāt)
    a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII$^e$ siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎, number 2, published 1934, page 233 (٤١) 1:
    a. 1135, Ibn ʿAbdūn, “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII$^e$ siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎, number 2, published 1934, page 236 (٤٤) 6:

#### Secondary witnesses

* Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 747
* Corriente, F. (1997) A Dictionary of Andalusi Arabic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1 The Near and Middle East; 29)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 298a
* Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 78, where the Löw reference allegedly page 18 is Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 124 Nr. 78
* Ibn ʿAbdūn (a. 1135) “Un document sur la vie urbaine et les corps de métiers à Séville au début du XII$^e$ siècle: Le traité d’Ibn ʿAbdūn publié avec une introduction et un glossaire”, in Évariste Lévi-Provençal, editor, Journal asiatique‎, number 2, published 1934, page 277
* Sokoloff, Michael (2002) “שׁוּגְרְיָא”, in A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, page 1115b
* Stuhlmann, Franz (1912) Ein kulturgeschichtlicher Ausflug in den Aures (Atlas von Süd-Algerien): nebst Betrachtungen über die Berber-Völker (Abhandlungen des Hamburgischen Kolonialinstituts; X)‎ (in German), Hamburg: L. Friederichsen & Co., page 174a: in Tunis شواري (šwārī, “double saddlebag”)
* “šwgry)”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* “šuguru”, in The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary‎, University of Pennsylvania, 2006

## Gulf Arabic
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -rə

### Etymology 1

From Arabic شَجَرَة (šajara, “tree”).

#### Noun

شْيَرَة • (šyara) f (plural شِيَر (šiyar))
* tree

### Etymology 2

From Persian شیره (šire).

#### Noun

شيرة • (šīra) f (plural شيرات (šīrāt) or شير (šiyar)) (usually uncountable)
* syrup

## Hijazi Arabic
### Etymology

From Persian شیره (šire).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃiː.ra/

### Noun

شيرة • (šīra) f (plural شيرات (širāt))
* syrup
    Synonym: قِطِر (giṭir)