# 狂人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kuángrén
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kwong$^4$ jan$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khòng-ngìn
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kông-jîn
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kuángrén
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kuángrén
*** Wade–Giles: kʻuang$^2$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: kwáng-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwangren
*** Palladius: куанжэнь (kuanžɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kwong$^4$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: kwòhng yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kwong$^4$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kuong$^4$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷʰɔːŋ²¹ jɐn²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khòng-ngìn
*** Hakka Romanization System: kong$^ˇ$ ngin$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: kong$^2$ ngin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /kʰoŋ¹¹ ŋin¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kông-jîn
*** Tâi-lô: kông-jîn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kongjiin
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ²⁴⁻²² d͡zin²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ²⁴⁻²² d͡zin²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ¹³⁻²² d͡zin¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ d͡zin²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ²³⁻³³ zin²³/
* Middle Chinese: gjwang nyin
Rime :
| Character | 狂 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (106) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 巨王切 | 如鄰切 |
| Baxter | gjwang | nyin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡʉɐŋ/ | /ȵiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡʷiɐŋ/ | /ȵin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiuɑŋ/ | /ȵʑjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /guaŋ/ | /ȵin/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiuaŋ/ | /ȵiĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭwaŋ/ | /ȵʑĭĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /giwaŋ/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kuáng | rén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kwong$^4$ | jan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k-ɢʷ]aŋ ni[ŋ]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaŋ njin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 狂 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kuáng | rén |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gjwang › | ‹ nyin › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k-ɢʷ]aŋ/ | /*ni[ŋ]/ |
| English | mad, reckless | (other) person |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 狂 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 12732 | 10800 |
| Phonetic component | 王 | 人 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 狂 | 仁 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷaŋ/ | /*njin/ |

### Noun

狂人
* (literary) maniac; lunatic

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 狂人 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 瘋子, 瘋人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 瘋子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 瘋子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 瘋子, 瘋漢 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 痴子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 瘋子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 瘋子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 瘋子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 瘋子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 瘋子, 魔氣, 八面威, 八面 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 瘋子, 癲子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Pingle | 瘋子, 癲子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 癲子, 癲婆 woman, 癲崽 man |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Luzhai | 瘋子, 癲子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 瘋人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 瘋子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 瘋人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 瘋人 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 瘋子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 瘋子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 癲佬 man, 癲婆 woman, 癲仔 boy, 癲女 girl, 傻佬 man |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 癲佬 man, 癲婆 woman, 黐線佬 man, 黐線婆 woman, 傻佬 man, 傻婆 woman |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 癲佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 發癲佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 癲佬 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 戇佬 man, 戇婆 woman, 戇仔 boy, 戇妹 girl |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 癲佬 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 癲仔, 癲佬 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 癲佬 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 癲仔, 癲佬 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 癲佬 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 癲佬 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 癲仔, 癲佬 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 瘋子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 癲子, 癲婆子 woman |
| Hakka | Meixian | 癲仔, 癲鬼, 癲牯 man, 癲嫲 woman |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 發癲佬, 懵佬 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 戇佬 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 瘋子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 發癲仔, 發癲婆 woman |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 癲脬 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 痟的, 神經的 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 痟的, 神經的 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 魔神仔, 魔的, 神經的 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 痟的 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 痟囝 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 痟 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 痟囝 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 痟儂 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 痟儂 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 妃戇 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 痟神 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 癲佬 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 癲崽 man |
| Wu | Shanghai | 痴子, 瘋子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 痴子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 痴子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 瘋子 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 癲人 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 癲鬼兒 man, 癲婆 woman |
| Xiang | Changsha | 癲子, 瘋子, 八面子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 癲子, 癲婆子 woman |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 癲子 |

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 狂人(きょうじん) (kyōjin)
* → Korean: 광인(狂人) (gwang'in)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 狂 | 人 |
| きょう Grade: S | じん Grade: 1 |
| kan'on ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きょーじん [kyòójíń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲo̞ːʑĩɴ]

### Noun

狂(きょう)人(じん) • (kyōjin)
* lunatic, madman
** 2012-03-30, mothy [mothy] (lyrics and music), “針音ノ時計塔 [Handbeat Clocktower]”‎:
    もう狂(きょう)人(じん)しかいない　針(シン)音(オン)ノ時(ト)計(ケイ)塔(トウ)
       Mō kyōjin shika inai Shin'on no Tokeitō
       Now there are only madmen in the Handbeat Clocktower

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 狂 | 人 |

### Noun

狂人 • (gwang'in) (hangeul 광인)
* hanja form of 광인