# 太原
## Chinese

* 太原 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 太原 (Classical)
* Thai-ngièn-sṳ (Hakka)
* Tái-nguòng (Eastern Min)
* Thài-goân (Southern Min)
* 太原市 (Wu)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Tàiyuán
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄞˋ ㄩㄢˊ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): taai$^3$ jyun$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hai$^1$ ngun$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Thai-ngièn / Thai-ngiàn
    (Meixian, Guangdong): tai$^4$ ngian$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): tai$^3$ ye$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Thài-goân
    (Teochew, Peng'im): tai$^3$ nguang$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Tàiyuán
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄞˋ ㄩㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Tàiyuán
*** Wade–Giles: Tʻai$^4$-yüan$^2$
*** Yale: Tài-ywán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Tayyuan
*** Palladius: Тайюань (Tajjuanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: taai$^3$ jyun$^4$
*** Yale: taai yùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: taai$^3$ jyn$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tai$^3$ yun$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰaːi̯³³ jyːn²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hai$^1$ ngun$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hai³³ ᵑɡun²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thai-ngièn
*** Hakka Romanization System: tai ngien$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tai$^4$ ngian$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯en¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Thai-ngiàn
*** Hakka Romanization System: tai ngian$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: tai$^4$ ngian$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ ŋi̯an¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: tai$^4$ ngian$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ŋian¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: tai$^3$ ye$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰai⁴⁵ ye¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Thài-goân
*** Tâi-lô: Thài-guân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tae'goaan
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡuan²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡuan²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: tai$^3$ nguang$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thài nguâng
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: thajH ngjwon
Rime :
| Character | 太 | 原 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 泰 (25) | 元 (66) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 他蓋切 | 愚袁切 |
| Baxter | thajH | ngjwon |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰɑi$^H$/ | /ŋʉɐn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰɑi$^H$/ | /ŋʷiɐn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɑi$^H$/ | /ŋiuɐn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰaj$^H$/ | /ŋuan/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰɑi$^H$/ | /ŋiuɐn/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰɑi$^H$/ | /ŋĭwɐn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tʰɑi$^H$/ | /ŋi̯wɐn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tài | yuán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | taai$^3$ | jyun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤa[t]-s N-ɢʷar/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰaːds ŋʷan/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 太 | 原 | 原 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tài | yuán | yuán |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ thaj$^H$ › | ‹ ngjwon › | ‹ ngjwon › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ˁa[t]-s/ | /*N-ɢʷar/ | /*N-ɢʷar/ |
| English | great | spring, source; origin | high plain (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 太 | 原 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1937 | 16186 |
| Phonetic component | 大 | 原 |
| Rime group | 祭 | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 泰 | 元 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰaːds/ | /*ŋʷan/ |
| Notes | | 金文象泉源，爲源初文 |

### Proper noun

太原
* (～市) Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, provincial capital, and largest city in Shanxi, in northern China)
* (～省) Thái Nguyên (a province of Vietnam)
* (～市) Thái Nguyên (a city in Vietnam)

#### Derived terms

* 太原話／太原话 (tàiyuánhuà)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 太 | 原 |
| たい Grade: 2 | げん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ta̠iɡẽ̞ɴ]

### Proper noun

太(たい)原(げん) • (Taigen)
* Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Shanxi, in northern China)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 太 | 原 |

### Proper noun

太原
* chữ Hán form of Thái Nguyên (“Thái Nguyên”).