# ϭⲓⲛⲉ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ϫⲓⲙⲓ (čimi) — Bohairic

### Etymology

The -ⲛ- derives from a pronominal form *gentef, with assimilation from *gemtef.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkʲiːnə/

### Verb

ϭⲓⲛⲉ • (cine) (nominal state ϭⲛ-, (F) ϭⲉⲛ-, pronominal state ϭⲛⲧ⸗, (F) ϭⲉⲛⲧ⸗)
* (Sahidic, Akhmimic, chiefly transitive) find

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ϭⲓⲛⲉ cine | imperative | affirmative | ϭⲓⲛⲉ cine |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ tm̄cine | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pr̄cine |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϭⲓⲛⲉ ticine | ⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ kcine | ⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ tecine | ϥϭⲓⲛⲉ fcine | ⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ scine | ⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ tn̄cine | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ tetn̄cine | ⲥⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ secine | ϭⲓⲛⲉ cine |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ eïcine | ⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ ekcine | ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ erecine | ⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ efcine | ⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ escine | ⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ encine | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etetn̄cine | ⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ eucine | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ ere- cine |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϭⲓⲛⲉ eticine | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etk̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ etecine, eterecine | ⲉⲧϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etf̄cine | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ ets̄cine | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etn̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etetn̄cine | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ etoucine | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ etere- cine |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ neïcine | ⲛⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ nekcine | ⲛⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nerecine | ⲛⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ nefcine | ⲛⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ nescine | ⲛⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ nencine | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ netetn̄cine | ⲛⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ neucine | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ nere- cine |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ tinacine | ⲕⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ knacine | ⲧⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ tenacine | ϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ fnacine | ⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ snacine | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ tn̄nacine | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ tetnacine | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ senacine | ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nacine |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ eïnacine | ⲉⲕⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ eknacine | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ erenacine | ⲉϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ efnacine | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ esnacine | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ ennacine | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etetnacine | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ eunacine | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ ere- nacine |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etinacine | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etk̄nacine | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etenacine, eterenacine | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etf̄nacine | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ ets̄nacine | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etn̄nacine | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etetnacine | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etounacine | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etere- nacine |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ neïnacine | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ neknacine | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nerenacine | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nefnacine | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nesnacine | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nennacine | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ netetnacine | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ neunacine | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nere- nacine |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ aïcine | ⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ akcine | ⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲁⲣϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ acine, arcine, arecine | ⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ afcine | ⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ ascine | ⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ ancine | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ atetn̄cine | ⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ aucine | ⲁ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ a- cine |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄picine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pk̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pecine, m̄pr̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pf̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄ps̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pn̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄petn̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄poucine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pe- cine |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ eaïcine | ⲉⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ eakcine | ⲉⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉⲁⲣϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ eacine, earcine, earecine | ⲉⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ eafcine | ⲉⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ eascine | ⲉⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ eancine | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ eatetn̄cine | ⲉⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ eaucine | ⲉⲁ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ ea- cine |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄picine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄pk̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄pecine, em̄pr̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄pf̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄ps̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄pn̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄petn̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄poucine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄pe- cine |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ entaïcine, n̄taïcine | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ entakcine, n̄takcine | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ entacine, n̄tacine, entarcine, n̄tarcine, entarecine, n̄tarecine | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ entafcine, n̄tafcine | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ entascine, n̄tascine | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ entancine, n̄tancine | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ entatetn̄cine, n̄tatetn̄cine | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ entaucine, n̄taucine | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ enta- cine, n̄ta- cine |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄picine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄pk̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄pecine, etem̄pr̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄pf̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄ps̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄pn̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄petn̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄poucine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄pe- cine |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ neaïcine | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ neakcine | ⲛⲉⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ neacine, nearcine, nearecine | ⲛⲉⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ neafcine | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ neascine | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ neancine | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ neatetn̄cine | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ neaucine | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ nea- cine |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄picine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄pk̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄pecine, nem̄pr̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄pf̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄ps̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄pn̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄petn̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄poucine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄pe- cine |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄taïcine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄takcine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tacine, n̄tarcine, n̄tarecine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tafcine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tascine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tancine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tatetn̄cine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄taucine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄ta- cine |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄paticine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄patk̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄patecine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄patf̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pats̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄patn̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄patetn̄cine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄patoucine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pate- cine |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄paticine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄patk̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄patecine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄patf̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄pats̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄patn̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄patetn̄cine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄patoucine | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ em̄pate- cine |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄paticine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄patk̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄patecine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄patf̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄pats̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄patn̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄patetn̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄patoucine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ etem̄pate- cine |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄paticine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄patk̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄patecine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄patf̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄pats̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄patn̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄patetn̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄patoucine | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ nem̄pate- cine |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ šaïcine | ϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ šakcine | ϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ šarecine | ϣⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ šafcine | ϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ šascine | ϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ šancine | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ šatetn̄cine | ϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ šaucine | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ šare- cine |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ meïcine | ⲙⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ mekcine | ⲙⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ merecine | ⲙⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ mefcine | ⲙⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ mescine | ⲙⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ mencine | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ metetn̄cine | ⲙⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ meucine | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ mere- cine |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ ešaïcine | ⲉϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ ešakcine | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ ešarecine | ⲉϣⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ ešafcine | ⲉϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ ešascine | ⲉϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ ešancine | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ ešatetn̄cine | ⲉϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ ešaucine | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ ešare- cine |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ emeïcine | ⲉⲙⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ emekcine | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ emerecine | ⲉⲙⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ emefcine | ⲉⲙⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ emescine | ⲉⲙⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ emencine | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ emetetn̄cine | ⲉⲙⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ emeucine | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ emere- cine |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ etešaïcine, ešaïcine | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ etešakcine, ešakcine | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ etešarecine, ešarecine | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉϣⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ etešafcine, ešafcine | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ etešascine, ešascine | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ etešancine, ešancine | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etešatetn̄cine, ešatetn̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ etešaucine, ešaucine | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ etešare- cine, ešare- cine |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ etemeïcine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ etemekcine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ etemerecine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ etemefcine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ etemescine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ etemencine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etemetetn̄cine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ etemeucine | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ etemere- cine |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ nešaïcine | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ nešakcine | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nešarecine | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ nešafcine | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ nešascine | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ nešancine | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nešatetn̄cine | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ nešaucine | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ nešare- cine |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ nemeïcine | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ nemekcine | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nemerecine | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ nemefcine | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ nemescine | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ nemencine | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ nemetetn̄cine | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ nemeucine | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ nemere- cine |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ emeïcine | ⲉⲙⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ emekcine | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ emerecine | ⲉⲙⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ emefcine | ⲉⲙⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ emescine | ⲉⲙⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ emencine | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ emetetn̄cine | ⲉⲙⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ emeucine | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ emere- cine |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ eïecine | ⲉⲕⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ ekecine | ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ erecine | ⲉϥⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ efecine | ⲉⲥⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ esecine | ⲉⲛⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ enecine | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ etetnecine | ⲉⲩⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ euecine | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ ere- cine |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄nacine | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄nekcine | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄necine | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄nefcine | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄nescine | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄nencine | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄netn̄cine | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄neucine | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄ne- cine |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ maricine | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ marefcine | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ marescine | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ marn̄cine | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ maroucine | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ mare- cine |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pr̄tracine | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pr̄trefcine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pr̄trescine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pr̄trencine | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pr̄treucine | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ m̄pr̄tre- cine |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tacine, tacine | ⲛ̄ⲅϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄gcine, n̄kcine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tecine | ⲛ̄ϥϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄fcine | ⲛ̄ⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄scine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tn̄cine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tetn̄cine | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄secine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄te- cine |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ taricine | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ tarekcine | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ tarecine | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ tarefcine | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ tarescine | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ tarn̄cine | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ taretn̄cine | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ taroucine | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ tare- cine |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tericine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄terekcine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄terecine, n̄terercine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄terefcine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄terescine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tern̄cine, n̄terencine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄teretn̄cine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄teroucine | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ n̄tere- cine |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯϭⲓⲛⲉ šanticine | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ šantk̄cine | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ šantecine | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ šantf̄cine | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ šants̄cine | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ šantn̄cine | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ šantetn̄cine | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ šantoucine | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ šante- cine |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ eïšancine | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ ekšancine | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ eršancine, erešancine | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ efšancine | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ esšancine | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ enšancine | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ etetn̄šancine | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ eušancine | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ eršan- cine |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ϭⲓⲛⲉ eïcine | ⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ ekcine | ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ erecine | ⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ efcine | ⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ escine | ⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ encine | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉ etetn̄cine | ⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ eucine | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲛⲉ ere- cine |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

### References

* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN