# 人和
## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): rénhé
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄏㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^4$ wo$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rénhé
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄏㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rénhé
*** Wade–Giles: jên$^2$-ho$^2$
*** Yale: rén-hé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renher
*** Palladius: жэньхэ (žɛnʹxɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐən³⁵ xɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^4$ wo$^4$
*** Yale: yàhn wòh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^4$ wo$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^4$ wo$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn²¹ wɔː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: nyin hwa
Rime :
| Character | 人 | 和 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 日 (38) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 如鄰切 | 戸戈切 |
| Baxter | nyin | hwa |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ȵiɪn/ | /ɦuɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ȵin/ | /ɦuɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȵʑjen/ | /ɣuɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ȵin/ | /ɦwa/ |
| Li Rong | /ȵiĕn/ | /ɣuɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /ȵʑĭĕn/ | /ɣuɑ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ | /ɣuɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | rén | huó |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jan$^4$ | wo$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ni[ŋ] [ɢ]ˤoj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*njin ɡoːl/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 人 | 和 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | rén | hé |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyin › | ‹ hwa › |
| Old Chinese | /*ni[ŋ]/ | /*[ɢ]ˁoj/ |
| English | (other) person | harmonious |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 人 | 和 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 10800 | 4932 |
| Phonetic component | 人 | 禾 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 仁 | 和 |
| Old Chinese | /*njin/ | /*ɡoːl/ |

##### Noun

人和
* (literary) harmony among people; unity of people

###### Derived terms

* 地利人和
* 天時不如地利，地利不如人和／天时不如地利，地利不如人和
* 天時地利人和／天时地利人和 (tiānshí dìlì rénhé)
* 政通人和 (zhèngtōngrénhé)

##### Descendants

* → Japanese: 人(じん)和(わ) (jinwa)
* → Korean: 인화(人和) (inhwa)

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Rénhé
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄏㄜˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^4$ wo$^{4-2}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Rénhé
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄏㄜˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Rénhé
*** Wade–Giles: Jên$^2$-ho$^2$
*** Yale: Rén-hé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Renher
*** Palladius: Жэньхэ (Žɛnʹxɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐən³⁵ xɤ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^4$ wo$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: yàhn wó
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^4$ wo$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^4$ wo$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn²¹ wɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

##### Proper noun

人和
* (～鎮) Renhe (a town in Baiyun district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): rénhú
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄏㄨˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^4$ wu$^{4-2}$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: rénhú
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄏㄨˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: rénhú
*** Wade–Giles: jên$^2$-hu$^2$
*** Yale: rén-hú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renhwu
*** Palladius: жэньху (žɛnʹxu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐən³⁵ xu³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^4$ wu$^{4-2}$
*** Yale: yàhn wú
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^4$ wu$^{4-2}$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^4$ wu$^{4-2}$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn²¹ wuː²¹⁻³⁵/

#### Noun

人和
* (mahjong) hand of man, declaring a win by a discarded tile during the first go around of play; one of the limit hands in mahjong
* (Singapore, mahjong) hand of man, declaring a win by a discarded tile other than by the dealer during the first go around of play before the player's first turn; one of the limit hands in mahjong

##### Coordinate terms

* 天和 (tiānhú, “heavenly hand”)
* 地和 (dìhú, “hand of earth”)

##### Descendants

* Japanese: 人和 (renhō)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 人 | 和 |
| じん Grade: 1 | わ Grade: 3 |
| kan'on | goon |
From Middle Chinese 人和 (MC nyin hwa). (Can this etymology be sourced?)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) じんわ [jíꜜǹwà] (Atamadaka –)
* (Tokyo) じんわ [jìńwá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [d͡ʑĩɰ̃β̞a̠]

#### Noun

人(じん)和(わ) • (jinwa)
* harmony among people

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 人 | 和 |
| レン Grade: 1 | ホー Grade: 3 |
| irregular ||
From Mandarin 人和 (rénhú).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾẽ̞ɰ̃ho̞ː]

#### Noun

人(レン)和(ホー) • (renhō)
* (mahjong) hand of man: win by discard on the first go-around of play; depending on the rules, it can be worth 役満 (yakuman, “limit”), 倍満 (baiman), 満貫 (mangan), or any other number of points

##### Coordinate terms

* 天和(テンホー) (tenhō), 地和(チーホー) (chīhō)

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 人 | 和 |

### Noun

人和 • (inhwa) (hangeul 인화)
* hanja form of 인화 (“unity; harmony”)