# 血管
## Chinese
### Etymology

First attested in 全體新論 [1851] by Benjamin Hobson (Chen, 2023).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): xuèguǎn, xuěguǎn, xiěguǎn
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄝˋ ㄍㄨㄢˇ, ㄒㄩㄝˇ ㄍㄨㄢˇ, ㄒㄧㄝˇ ㄍㄨㄢˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xue$^2$ guan$^3$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щегуан (xi͡əguan, I-III)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hyut$^3$ gun$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): hiet-kón / hiat-kón
    (Hailu, HRS): hied gon$^ˊ$
    (Meixian, Guangdong): hiad$^5$ guon$^3$
* Northern Min (KCR): huăi-gǒng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hiat-koán / huih-kńg / hoeh-kńg / hoeh-kúiⁿ / hoeh-kún / huih-kún / huih-koán / hoeh-kín
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huêh$^4$ guang$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuèguǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˋ ㄍㄨㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuèguǎn
*** Wade–Giles: hsüeh$^4$-kuan$^3$
*** Yale: sywè-gwǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuehgoan
*** Palladius: сюэгуань (sjueguanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (血管兒／血管儿)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuèguǎnr
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˋ ㄍㄨㄢˇㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuèguǎnr
*** Wade–Giles: hsüeh$^4$-kuan$^3$-ʼrh
*** Yale: sywè-gwǎnr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuehgoal
*** Palladius: сюэгуаньр (sjueguanʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹ ku̯ɑɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xuěguǎn [Phonetic: xuéguǎn]
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄝˇ ㄍㄨㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: syuěguǎn
*** Wade–Giles: hsüeh$^3$-kuan$^3$
*** Yale: sywě-gwǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheuegoan
*** Palladius: сюэгуань (sjueguanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; colloquial in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiěguǎn [Phonetic: xiéguǎn]
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˇ ㄍㄨㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siěguǎn
*** Wade–Giles: hsieh$^3$-kuan$^3$
*** Yale: syě-gwǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shieegoan
*** Palladius: сегуань (seguanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: xue$^2$ guan$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xyeguan
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕye²¹ kuan⁵³/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щегуан (xi͡əguan, I-III)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕiə²⁴ kuæ̃⁴⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hyut$^3$ gun$^2$
*** Yale: hyut gún
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hyt$^8$ gun$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hüd$^3$ gun$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /hyːt̚³ kuːn³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiet-kón
*** Hakka Romanization System: hied$^ˋ$ gon$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hiad$^5$ gon$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /hi̯et̚² kon³¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiat-kón
*** Hakka Romanization System: hiad$^ˋ$ gon$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hiad$^5$ gon$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /hi̯at̚² kon³¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: hied gon$^ˊ$
*** Sinological IPA: /hiet⁵⁻² kon²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: hiad$^5$ guon$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /hiat̚¹ kuɔn³¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huăi-gǒng
*** Sinological IPA : /xuai²⁴ kɔŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiat-koán
*** Tâi-lô: hiat-kuán
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiatkoarn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ kuan⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ kuan⁵³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kuan⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: huih-kńg
*** Tâi-lô: huih-kńg
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huihk'ngr
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /hui(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kŋ̍⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hui(ʔ)⁵ kŋ̍⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoeh-kńg
*** Tâi-lô: hueh-kńg
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoehk'ngr
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kŋ̍⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoeh-kúiⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: hueh-kuínn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoehkvuie
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kuĩ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoeh-kún
*** Tâi-lô: hueh-kún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoehkuon
*** IPA (Singapore): /hue(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² kun⁴²/
** (Hokkien: Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: huih-kún
*** Tâi-lô: huih-kún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huihkuon
*** IPA (Singapore): /hui(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² kun⁴²/
** (Hokkien: Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: huih-koán
*** Tâi-lô: huih-kuán
*** Phofsit Daibuun: huihkoarn
*** IPA (Singapore): /hui(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² kuan⁴²/
** (Hokkien: Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoeh-kín
*** Tâi-lô: hueh-kín
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoehkien
*** IPA (Penang): /hue(ʔ)³⁻⁴ kin⁴⁴⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: huêh$^4$ guang$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hueh kuáng
*** Sinological IPA : /hueʔ²⁻⁴ kuaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

### Noun

血管
* blood vessel (Classifier: 根 m; 條／条 m c mn)

#### Synonyms

* 血筋 (Hokkien)
* 血管兒／血管儿 (xuèguǎnr)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 血管 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 血管 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 血管兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 血管 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 血管兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 血管兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 血管兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 血管兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 血管兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 血管兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 血管兒, 血管 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 血管兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 血管兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 血管兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 血管子, 血管兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 血管兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 血管兒, 血筒子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 血管兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 血管兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 血管 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 血管兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 血管兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 血管兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 血管兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 血管兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 血管兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 血管兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 血管 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 血管 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 血管兒, 血管 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 血管兒, 青筋, 筋 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 血管 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 血管兒, 血管 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 血管 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 血管 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 血管兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 血管兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 血管, 血管兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 筋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 青筋 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 血管兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 血管, 血管子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 血管兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 血管 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 血管 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 血管 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 血管 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 血管, 血管子, 青筋, 筋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 血管, 筋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 血管 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 血管 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 血管, 筋 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 血管 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 血管 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 血管 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 血管 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 血管 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 血管 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 血管 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 血管 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 血管 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 血管 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 血管 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 血管, 血管兒 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 血管兒, 血脈 |
| Jin | Datong | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 血管兒, 血筒, 筋 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 血通 |
| Jin | Jining | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Handan | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 血管兒 |
| Jin | Suide | 血管兒, 青筋 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 血管 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 血管, 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 血管, 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 血管, 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 血管 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Tamsui) | 血筋 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Pingxi) | 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Cijin) | 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) | 血管 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Luodong) | 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Yilan (Toucheng) | 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Yongjing) | 血管, 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 血管, 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Tainan (Anping) | 血管 |
| Southern Min | Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) | 血管 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Xiyu) | 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 血筋 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 血管 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 血筋 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 血管 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 血管 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 血管 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 血管 |
| Wu | Danyang | 血管 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 血管 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 血管 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 血管 |

#### Derived terms

* 微絲血管／微丝血管
* 微血管
* 心血管 (xīnxuèguǎn)
* 毛細血管／毛细血管 (máoxì xuèguǎn)
* 血管性 (xuèguǎnxìng)
* 血管攝影／血管摄影 (xuèguǎn shèyǐng)
* 血管收縮素／血管收缩素 (xuèguǎnshōusuōsù)
* 血管硬化 (xuèguǎn yìnghuà)
* 血管緊張素／血管紧张素 (xuèguǎnjǐnzhāngsù)
* 血管造影 (xuèguǎn zàoyǐng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 血 | 管 |
| けつ > けっ Grade: 3 | かん Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) けっかん [kèkkáń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ke̞k̚kã̠ɴ]

### Noun

血(けっ)管(かん) • (kekkan)
* (anatomy) blood vessel

### See also

* 動脈(どうみゃく) (dōmyaku): artery
* 静脈(じょうみゃく) (jōmyaku): vein

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 血 | 管 |

### Noun

血管 • (hyeolgwan) (hangeul 혈관)
* hanja form of 혈관 (“blood vessel”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 血 | 管 |

### Noun

血管
* chữ Hán form of huyết quản (“blood vessel”).