# 釅

| 釅 | U+91C5, &#37317; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91C5 |
| ← 釄 [U+91C4] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 釆 → [U+91C6] |

## Translingual
### Han character

釅 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+20, 27 strokes, cangjie input 一田口口大 (MWRRK), four-corner 1664$_8$, composition ⿰酉嚴)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1289, character 32
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40109
* Dae Jaweon: page 1790, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3604, character 9
* Unihan data for U+91C5

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 撖 | *kʰɯːm, *kʰreːmʔ, *ɡraːmʔ |
| 澉 | *l̥ʰaːms, *klaːmʔ |
| 噉 | *l'aːmʔ |
| 敢 | *klaːmʔ |
| 橄 | *klaːmʔ |
| 瞰 | *kʰlaːms |
| 闞 | *kʰlaːms, *qʰreːmʔ, *hŋraːms |
| 憨 | *qʰaːm, *qʰlaːms |
| 譀 | *qʰlaːms, *qʰraːms, *qʰraːb |
| 巖 | *ŋraːm |
| 礹 | *ŋraːm, *ŋamʔ |
| 豃 | *qʰraːmʔ |
| 讝 | *kjam |
| 玁 | *hŋramʔ |
| 嚴 | *ŋam |
| 儼 | *ŋamʔ |
| 曮 | *ŋamʔ |
| 釅 | *ŋams |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋams) : semantic 酉 (“alcoholic drink”) + phonetic 嚴 (OC *ŋam).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): yàn (yan$^4$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyian$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jim$^6$
* Gan (Wiktionary): nyien$^5$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ngiàm
    (Hailu, HRS): ngiam
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ngiam$^2$
* Jin (Wiktionary): ie$^3$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): ngiam$^5$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyienn$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
*** Wade–Giles: yen$^4$
*** Yale: yàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
*** Palladius: янь (janʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛn⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: nyian$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: nian
*** Sinological IPA : /nʲiɛn²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jim$^6$
*** Yale: yihm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jim$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yim$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːm²²/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: nyien$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /n̠ʲiɛn¹¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàm
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngiam$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngiam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯am¹¹/
** (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngiam
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋiam⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ngiam$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋiam¹¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: ie$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /ie⁴⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ngiam$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngiâm
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋiam⁵⁵/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: nyienn$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /n̠ʲi̯ẽ²¹/
* Middle Chinese: ngjaemH
Rime :
| Character | 釅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 嚴 (145) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 魚欠切 |
| Baxter | ngjaemH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɨɐm$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋiɐm$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋiɐm$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋɨam$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋiɐm$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭɐm$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ŋi̯ɐm$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jim$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋams/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 釅 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3696 |
| Phonetic component | 敢 |
| Rime group | 談 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 釅 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋams/ |

### Definitions

釅
* (of a liquid) concentrated; (of a beverage) thick; strong
* (of colour) dark

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 釅, 濃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 釅 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 濃 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 濃 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 釅 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 釅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 釅 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 釅 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 濃 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 濃 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 濃 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 濃 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 濃 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 濃 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 濃 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 釅 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 釅 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 釅 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 濃 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 濃, 鎮 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 厚 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 厚 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 厚 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 厚 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 厚 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 釅, 厚 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 厚, 濃 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 濃 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 濃 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 釅 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 釅, 濃 |

#### Compounds

* 清釅／清酽
* 釅茶／酽茶 (yànchá)
* 釅酒／酽酒
* 釅釅／酽酽

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): げん (gen)
* Kun: す (su)、さけ (sake)、こい (koi)、きぶい (kibui, 釅い)

## Korean
### Hanja

釅 (eum 염 (yeom))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.