# गृह
## Hindi
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गृह (gṛha). Doublet of घर (ghar).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɡɾiːɦ/, [ɡɾiːʱ], /ɡɾɪ.ɦᵊ/

### Noun

गृह • (gŕh) m (Urdu spelling گرہ)
* house, dwelling, habitation
    Synonyms: घर (ghar), मकान (makān), भवन (bhavan)

#### Declension
### References

* Bahri, Hardev (1989) “गृह”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 160.
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “गृह”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 274

## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* গৃহ (Assamese script)
* ᬕᬺᬳ (Balinese script)
* গৃহ (Bengali script)
* 𑰐𑰴𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀕𑀾𑀳 (Brahmi script)
* ဂၖဟ (Burmese script)
* ગૃહ (Gujarati script)
* ਗ੍ਰਹ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌗𑍃𑌹 (Grantha script)
* ꦒꦽꦲ (Javanese script)
* 𑂏𑃂𑂯 (Kaithi script)
* ಗೃಹ (Kannada script)
* គ្ឫហ (Khmer script)
* ຄ຺ຣິຫ (Lao script)
* ഗൃഹ (Malayalam script)
* ᡤᡵᡳᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘐𑘵𑘮 (Modi script)
* ᠺᠷᠢᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦰𑧖𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐐𑐺𑐴 (Newa script)
* ଗୃହ (Odia script)
* ꢔꢺꢲ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆓𑆸𑆲 (Sharada script)
* 𑖐𑖴𑖮 (Siddham script)
* ගෘහ (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩞𑩙𑪂 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚌𑚩 (Takri script)
* க்³ரிஹ (Tamil script)
* గృహ (Telugu script)
* คฺฤห (Thai script)
* གྲྀ་ཧ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒑𑒵𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨍𑨼𑨉𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás (“house”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰ-ó-s, from *gʰerdʰ- (“enclosure”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (gər$^ə$δa), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ, “city”), English yard.

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɡr̩.ɦɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɡr̩.ɦɐ/

### Noun

गृह • (gṛhá) stem, m or n
* a house, habitation, home, dwelling
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.49.1:उषो॑ भ॒द्रेभि॒रा ग॑हि दि॒वश्चि॑द्रोच॒नादधि॑ । वह॑न्त्वरु॒णप्स॑व॒ उप॑ त्वा सो॒मिनो॑ गृ॒हम् ॥úṣo bhadrébhirā́ gahi diváścidrocanā́dádhi. váhantvaruṇápsava úpa tvā somíno gṛhám.Uṣas, come by auspicious way from the bright firmament; let the purple kine bring you to the dwelling of the offer of Soma.
* assistant, servant
* the inhabitants of a house, family
** wife; householder
* (at the end of a compound, with names of gods) a temple
    चण्डिकागृह ― caṇḍikāgṛha ― a temple of Durgā
    देवतागृह ― devatāgṛha ― temple, chapel
* (at the end of a compound, with name of plants) a bower

#### Declension
### Noun

गृह • (gṛhá) stem, n
* wife
* zodiac sign
* an astrological mansion
* name of the 4th astrological mansion
* (chess) square

#### Derived terms

* गेह (geha)

#### Descendants

* Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀳 (*garha) (see there for further descendants)
* Dardic:
** Kashmiri: گَرٕ (garụ), गरॖ (garụ)
* Pali: gaha, ghara
** → Khmer: ឃរ (khɔɔ) (learned)
* → Bengali: গৃহ (grihô) (learned)
* → Hindustani: (learned)
    Hindi: गृह (gŕh)
* → Kannada: ಗೃಹ (gṛha) (learned)
* → Malay: gerha (learned)
** Indonesian: gerha
* → Malayalam: ഗൃഹം (gr̥haṁ), കിരിയം (kiriyaṁ) (learned)
* → Nepali: गृह (gr̥ha) (learned)
* → Old Javanese: gṛha, gerha, greha, griya (learned)
** Javanese: graha, griya
*** → Indonesian: gerha, graha, greha, griya
* → Old Javanese: ghāra (“wife”)
** Javanese: ꦒꦂꦮ (garwa, “wife”)
*** → Indonesian: garwa
*** → Sundanese: ᮌᮁᮝ (garwa)
* → Old Khmer: graha (learned)
** Khmer: គ្រឹហា (krɨhaa)
* → Odia: ଗୃହ (gruha) (learned)
* → Tamil: கிரகம் (kirakam), கிருகம் (kirukam)
* → Telugu: గృహము (gr̥hamu) (learned)
* → Thai: คฤห (krʉ́) (learned)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “गृह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0361/3.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 495