# 寡婦
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): guǎfu, guǎfù
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚˇ ˙ㄈㄨ, ㄍㄨㄚˇ ㄈㄨˋ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gua$^3$ fu$^4$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaa$^2$ fu$^5$
* Gan (Wiktionary): gua$^3$ fu
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): kóa-fu
    (Meixian, Guangdong): gua$^3$ fu$^4$
* Jin (Wiktionary): gua$^2$ fu$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): guā-hō
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kóa-hū / kóa-hǔ / kóaⁿ-hū
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gua$^2$ hu$^6$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$ko$_5$-vu; $^5$ko-vu / $^5$ko-vu$_6$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gua$^3$ fu$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guǎfu
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚˇ ˙ㄈㄨ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guǎfů
*** Wade–Giles: kua$^3$-fu$^5$
*** Yale: gwǎ-fu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goa.fu
*** Palladius: гуафу (guafu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ä²¹⁴ fu⁴/
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guǎfù
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚˇ ㄈㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guǎfù
*** Wade–Giles: kua$^3$-fu$^4$
*** Yale: gwǎ-fù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goafuh
*** Palladius: гуафу (guafu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: gua$^3$ fu$^4$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: guafu
*** Sinological IPA : /kua⁵³ fu²¹³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwaa$^2$ fu$^5$
*** Yale: gwá fúh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwaa$^2$ fu$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gua$^2$ fu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷaː³⁵ fuː¹³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: gua$^3$ fu
*** Sinological IPA : /kua²¹³⁻²¹ fu¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kóa-fu
*** Hakka Romanization System: gua$^ˋ$ fu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gua$^3$ fu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /ku̯a³¹ fu⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: gua$^3$ fu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /kua³¹ fu⁵³/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: gua$^2$ fu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /kua⁵³ fu⁴⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: guā-hō
*** Sinological IPA : /kua³³⁻³⁵ $^{(h-)}$u³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóa-hū
*** Tâi-lô: kuá-hū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koafhu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu²²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kua⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hu³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóa-hǔ
*** Tâi-lô: kuá-hǔ
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hu²²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóaⁿ-hū
*** Tâi-lô: kuánn-hū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kvoafhu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hu³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kuã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hu²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gua$^2$ hu$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuá hŭ
*** Sinological IPA : /kua⁵²⁻³⁵ hu³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$ko$_5$-vu; $^5$ko-vu
*** MiniDict: ko$^去$ vu; ko$^去$ vu
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$ko$_2$-vu; $^2$ko-vu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ko⁵⁵ vu²¹/, /ko³³ vu⁴⁴/
** (Northern: Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^5$ko-vu$_6$
*** MiniDict: ko$^去$ vu$^去$
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /ko⁵² vu³³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: gua$^3$ fu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯a̠⁴¹ ɸu⁴⁵/

### Noun

寡婦
* widow

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 寡, 寡婦, 寡妻, 嫠, 嫠婦, 孀, 孀妻, 孀婦, 遺孀, 孤孀, 孤嫠, 寡嫠 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 寡婦, 孤孀 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 寡婦, 半邊人兒, 半邊人 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 寡婦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 寡婦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 寡婦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 寡婦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 寡婦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 寡婦 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 寡婦 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 寡婦兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 寡婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 寡婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 寡婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 寡婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 女寡婦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 女寡婦 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 寡婦 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 寡婦 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 寡婦 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 寡婦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 寡母子, 寡母兒, 寡婦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 寡婦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 寡婆, 寡婦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 寡婦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guanyang | 寡婆子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 寡母婆, 寡婦婆, 寡婦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 寡婦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 寡婦婆 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 老寡婦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 寡婦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 寡婦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 半邊人, 寡婦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 半邊人 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 寡婦 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 寡母婆, 寡婆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 寡母婆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 寡婦婆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 守寡婆 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 守寡婆 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 寡婆 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 守寡婆 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 寡婦婆 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 寡母婆 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 寡母婆 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 寡母婆 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 寡婦 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 寡婦, 半邊人 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 寡婦 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 寡婦, 寡婦婆 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 寡婦 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 寡婦婆 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 守寡婆 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 寡婦婆 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 守寡婆 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 寡婦, 寡婦老嫗 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 寡婦 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 寡婦, 守寡哩 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 寡婦 |
| Jin | Linhe | 寡婦 |
| Jin | Jining | 寡婦 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 寡婦 |
| Jin | Baotou | 寡婦 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 寡婦 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 寡婦 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 守寡嫲 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 孀居儂, 孀居 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 守寡儂, 守寡的, 守寡查某 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 守寡儂 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 守寡儂 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 守寡個 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 寡婦 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 寡婦 |
| Southern Min | Chiang Mai (Teochew) | 寡婦 |
| Southern Min | Hat Yai (Teochew) | 寡婦 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 寡婦 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 守節 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 死老公個 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 寡婆 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 寡母婆 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 孤孀, 寡婦 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 寡婦, 單邊人 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 孤孀 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 寡婦 |
| Wu | Danyang | 寡婦 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 寡婦 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 孤孀老𡢿, 孤孀 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 守寡老人兒, 守寡老安人, 單邊人 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 寡婦 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 寡婦 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 寡婦 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 單身寡婦, 寡婦 |

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 寡婦(かふ) (kafu)
* → Korean: 과부(寡婦) (gwabu)
* → Vietnamese: quả phụ (寡婦)
Others:
* → Vietnamese: goá bụa

#### See also

* 鰥夫／鳏夫 (guānfū)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 寡 | 婦 |
| か Grade: S | ふ Grade: 5 |
| kan'on | kan'yōon |
From Middle Chinese 寡婦 (MC kwaeX bjuwX).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かふ [káꜜfù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ka̠ɸɯ̟]

#### Noun

寡(か)婦(ふ) • (kafu)
* widow

##### Synonyms

* 未(み)亡(ぼう)人(じん) (mibōjin), 後家(ごけ) (goke), やもめ (yamome)

##### Related terms

* 寡夫(かふ) (kafu, “widow”)
* 寡(か)フ (kafu, “widow or widower”)

##### See also

* 死(し)別(べつ)者(しゃ) (shibetsusha)
* 離(り)別(べつ)者(しゃ) (ribetsusha)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 寡 | 婦 |
| やもめ ||
| Grade: S | Grade: 5 |
| jukujikun ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 寡婦 – see the following entry. :
| 【やもめ】 | [noun] 寡, 寡婦, 孀: widow Alternative spellings 寡, 孀 |
(This term, 寡婦, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 寡 | 婦 |

### Noun

寡婦 • (gwabu) (hangeul 과부)
* hanja form of 과부 (“widow”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 寡 | 婦 |

### Noun

寡婦
* chữ Hán form of quả phụ (“widow”).