OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 烏孫
## Chinese

* 烏孫

### Etymology

First attested in the Records of the Grand Historian.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wūsūn
    (Zhuyin): ㄨ ㄙㄨㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wu$^1$ syun$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wūsūn
*** Zhuyin: ㄨ ㄙㄨㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wusun
*** Wade–Giles: wu$^1$-sun$^1$
*** Yale: wū-swūn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: usuen
*** Palladius: усунь (usunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /u⁵⁵ su̯ən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wu$^1$ syun$^1$
*** Yale: wū syūn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wu$^1$ syn$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wu$^1$ xun$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuː⁵⁵ syːn⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: 'u swon
Rime :
| Character | 烏 | 孫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 魂 (55) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 哀都切 | 思渾切 |
| Baxter | 'u | swon |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔuo/ | /suən/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔuo/ | /suon/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔo/ | /suən/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɔ/ | /swən/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔo/ | /suən/ |
| Wang Li | /u/ | /suən/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔuo/ | /suən/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wū | sūn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wu$^1$ | syun$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤa [s]ˤu[n]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qaː suːn/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 烏 | 孫 |
| Reading # | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wū | sūn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔu › | ‹ swon › |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔˁa/ | /*[s]ˁu[n]/ |
| English | 烏桓, 烏丸 Wūhuán: Avars (W. Hàn) | grandchild; descendant |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 烏 | 孫 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13077 | 12178 |
| Phonetic component | 烏 | 孫 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 烏 | 孫 |
| Old Chinese | /*qaː/ | /*suːn/ |

### Proper noun

烏孫
* Wusun
# 烏実子
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 烏 | 実 | 子 |
| う Jinmeiyō | み Grade: 3 | こ Grade: 1 |
* Alternative spelling
* 烏實子 (kyūjitai)

### Proper noun

烏(う)実(み)子(こ) • (Umiko)
* a female given name
# 熪

| 熪 | U+71AA, &#29098; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-71AA |
| ← 熩 [U+71A9] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 熫 → [U+71AB] |

## Translingual
### Han character

熪 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 火竹木弓 (FHDN), four-corner 9782$_7$, composition ⿰火移)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 680, character 38
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19349
* Dae Jaweon: page 1092, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2229, character 4
* Unihan data for U+71AA

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 多 | *ʔl'aːl |
| 哆 | *ʔl'aːlʔ, *ʔl'aːls, *ʔr'aːls, *hr'aːl, *l̥ʰjaːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *l̥ʰjɯs |
| 跢 | *ʔl'aːls, *ʔl'aːds |
| 痑 | *ʔl'aːls, *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːn |
| 爹 | *daːʔ, *tjaː |
| 陊 | *l'aːlʔ, *l'alʔ |
| 橠 | *naːlʔ |
| 袲 | *naːlʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 奓 | *ʔr'aːl, *ʔr'aːls |
| 栘 | *ɦljeːl, *lal |
| 黟 | *ʔleːl, *ʔlil |
| 趍 | *sʰlo, *l'al |
| 誃 | *l'al, *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 簃 | *l'al, *lal |
| 眵 | *ʔljjal, *l̥ʰjal |
| 恀 | *ʔljalʔ, *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljalʔ |
| 侈 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 姼 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *ɦljal, *ɦljalʔ |
| 鉹 | *l̥ʰjalʔ, *lal |
| 垑 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 袳 | *l̥ʰjalʔ |
| 卶 | *l̥ʰjals, *hljals |
| 宜 | *ŋral |
| 誼 | *ŋrals |
| 竩 | *ŋrals |
| 移 | *lal |
| 迻 | *lal |
| 扅 | *lal |
| 拸 | *lal, *lalʔ |
| 熪 | *lal |
| 謻 | *lal |
| 蛥 | *ɢljad |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yí (yi$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ji$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yí
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yí
*** Wade–Giles: i$^2$
*** Yale: yí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
*** Palladius: и (i)
*** Sinological IPA : /i³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ji$^4$
*** Yale: yìh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ji$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: ye
Rime :
| Character | 熪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 弋支切 |
| Baxter | ye |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jiᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jiɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /jɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /jiə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ie/ |
| Wang Li | /jǐe/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ji$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*lal/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 熪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 2688 |
| Phonetic component | 多 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 移 |
| Old Chinese | /*lal/ |

### Definitions

熪
* Only used in 熑熪 (“endless fire”).
# 熬夜水
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): áoyèshuǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄠˊ ㄧㄝˋ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: áoyèshuǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄠˊ ㄧㄝˋ ㄕㄨㄟˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: áoyèshuěi
*** Wade–Giles: ao$^2$-yeh$^4$-shui$^3$
*** Yale: áu-yè-shwěi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: auryehshoei
*** Palladius: аоешуй (aoješuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɑʊ̯³⁵ jɛ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

熬夜水
* (Mainland China) "night owl beverage", a drink made with traditional ingredients and touted as good for those who stay up late [2021–]
# 漚客
## Chinese

* 漚客

### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): àu-kheh
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àu-kheh
*** Tâi-lô: àu-kheh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ao'qeq
*** IPA (Taipei): /au¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰeʔ³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /au²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰeʔ³²/

### Noun

漚客
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) bad customer; customer who does not buy anything but picks, chooses, and dislikes everything

#### Synonyms

* (Cantonese) 閪客／𲈹客 (hai$^1$ haak$^3$)
# 灣鱷
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wān'è
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄢ ㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): waan$^1$ ngok$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wān'è
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄢ ㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wan-è
*** Wade–Giles: wan$^1$-o$^4$
*** Yale: wān-è
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: uaneh
*** Palladius: ваньэ (vanʹe)
*** Sinological IPA : /wän⁵⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: waan$^1$ ngok$^6$
*** Yale: wāan ngohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: waan$^1$ ngok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wan$^1$ ngog$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /waːn⁵⁵ ŋɔːk̚²/

### Noun

灣鱷
* saltwater crocodile; Crocodylus porosus

#### Synonyms

* 鹹水鱷／咸水鳄 (xiánshuǐ'è)
# 灣沚
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Wānzhǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄢ ㄓˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): waan$^1$ zi$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Wānzhǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄢ ㄓˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Wanjhǐh
*** Wade–Giles: Wan$^1$-chih$^3$
*** Yale: Wān-jř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Uanjyy
*** Palladius: Ваньчжи (Vanʹčži)
*** Sinological IPA : /wän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: waan$^1$ zi$^2$
*** Yale: wāan jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: waan$^1$ dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wan$^1$ ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /waːn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

### Proper noun

灣沚
* (～區) Wanzhi (a district of Wuhu, Anhui, China)
# 灤

| 灤 | U+7064, &#28772; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7064 |
| ← 灣 [U+7063] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 灥 → [U+7065] |

## Translingual
### Han character

灤 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+23, 26 strokes, cangjie input 水女火木 (EVFD), four-corner 3219$_4$, composition ⿰氵欒)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 664, character 19
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18833
* Dae Jaweon: page 1073, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1799, character 1
* Unihan data for U+7064

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 蠻 | *mroːn |
| 矕 | *mroːnʔ |
| 變 | *prons |
| 鸞 | *b·roːn |
| 巒 | *b·roːn |
| 灤 | *b·roːn |
| 欒 | *b·roːn |
| 鑾 | *b·roːn |
| 臠 | *b·roːn, *b·ronʔ |
| 羉 | *b·roːn |
| 䜌 | *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons |
| 灓 | *b·roːn, *b·roːns, *b·rons |
| 圝 | *b·roːn |
| 曫 | *b·roːn |
| 孿 | *smroːns, *smrons |
| 彎 | *qroːn |
| 灣 | *qroːn |
| 攣 | *b·ron |
| 孌 | *b·ronʔ, *b·rons |
| 戀 | *b·rons |
| 㪻 | *pʰlons, *klons |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): luán (luan$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luán
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luán
*** Wade–Giles: luan$^2$
*** Yale: lwán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luan
*** Palladius: луань (luanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯än³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lyun$^4$
*** Yale: lyùhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lyn$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lün$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /lyːn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: lwan
Rime :
| Character | 灤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 桓 (62) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 落官切 |
| Baxter | lwan |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /luɑn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /lʷɑn/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /luɑn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /lwan/ |
| Li Rong | /luɑn/ |
| Wang Li | /luɑn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /luɑn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | luán |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | lyun$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*b·roːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 灤 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8615 |
| Phonetic component |  |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鑾 |
| Old Chinese | /*b·roːn/ |

### Definitions

灤
* the name of a river in Hebei province

#### Compounds

* 灤京／滦京
* 灤州影／滦州影
* 灤河／滦河 (Luánhé)
* 開灤煤礦／开滦煤矿

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 滦 |
| Kyūjitai | 灤 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 滦)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: らん (ran)
* Kan-on: らん (ran)
* Kun: ながれる (nagareru, 灤れる)
# 灤州
## Chinese

* 灤州

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Luánzhōu
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˊ ㄓㄡ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun$^4$ zau$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Luánzhōu
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˊ ㄓㄡ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Luánjhou
*** Wade–Giles: Luan$^2$-chou$^1$
*** Yale: Lwán-jōu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Luanjou
*** Palladius: Луаньчжоу (Luanʹčžou)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯än³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lyun$^4$ zau$^1$
*** Yale: lyùhn jāu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lyn$^4$ dzau$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lün$^4$ zeo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lyːn²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

灤州
* (～市) Luanzhou (a county-level city in Tangshan, Hebei, China)
* (historical) Luan Prefecture (a former prefecture in modern-day Tangshan, Hebei, China)

#### Related terms

* 灤縣／滦县
# 燒きもちを燒く
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 燒 | 燒 |
| や Jinmeiyō | や Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 燒きもちを燒く – see the following entry. :
| 【やきもちをやく】 | [idiom] (lit. "to roast roasted rice cakes") (idiomatic) to be jealous (usually of a rival in love) Alternative spellings 焼餅を焼く, 焼き餅を焼く, 焼きもちを焼く, やきもちを焼く |
(This term, 燒きもちを燒く, is the kyūjitai of an alternative spelling (焼きもちを焼く) of the above term.) :
# 營運
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yíngyùn
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥˊ ㄩㄣˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jing$^4$ wan$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yíngyùn
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ ㄩㄣˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yíngyùn
*** Wade–Giles: ying$^2$-yün$^4$
*** Yale: yíng-yùn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yngyunn
*** Palladius: инъюнь (inʺjunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ³⁵ yn⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jing$^4$ wan$^6$
*** Yale: yìhng wahn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jing$^4$ wan$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ying$^4$ wen$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɪŋ²¹ wɐn²²/

### Noun

營運
* (of a vehicle, vessel, transportation system, etc.) to be open for service; to be in operation
* (of a business, institution, factory, etc.) to operate; to run

#### Synonyms

* (to be open for service): 運營／运营 (yùnyíng)
* (to operate):
* 打理 (dǎlǐ)
* 承辦／承办 (chéngbàn)
* 經手／经手 (jīngshǒu)
* 經營／经营 (jīngyíng)
* 經管／经管 (jīngguǎn)
* 辦理／办理 (bànlǐ)
* 運作／运作 (yùnzuò)
* 過手／过手 (Hokkien)
* 運營／运营 (yùnyíng)

#### Derived terms

* 營運長／营运长 (yíngyùnzhǎng)
# 犯罪嫌疑人
## Chinese

| | | to commit a crime; to sin | suspect; offender |
| trad. (犯罪嫌疑人) | trad. (犯罪嫌疑人) | 犯罪 | 嫌疑人 |
| simp. $^#$(犯罪嫌疑人) | simp. $^#$(犯罪嫌疑人) | 犯罪 | 嫌疑人 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fànzuì xiányírén
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄢˊ ㄧˊ ㄖㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faan$^6$ zeoi$^6$ jim$^4$ ji$^4$ jan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fànzuì xiányírén
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄢˊ ㄧˊ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fànzuèi siányírén
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^4$-tsui$^4$ hsien$^2$-i$^2$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: fàn-dzwèi syán-yí-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fanntzuey shyanyiren
*** Palladius: фаньцзуй сяньижэнь (fanʹczuj sjanʹižɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ i³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^6$ zeoi$^6$ jim$^4$ ji$^4$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: faahn jeuih yìhm yìh yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^6$ dzoey$^6$ jim$^4$ ji$^4$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^6$ zêu$^6$ yim$^4$ yi$^4$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn²² t͡sɵy̯²² jiːm²¹ jiː²¹ jɐn²¹/

### Noun

犯罪嫌疑人
* (countable, law) suspect (person who is suspected of something); offender (Classifier: 名 m)

#### Synonyms

* 人犯 (rénfàn) (literary)
* 嫌犯 (xiánfàn)
* 嫌疑人 (xiányírén)
* 嫌疑犯 (xiányífàn)
* 案犯 (ànfàn)
* 疑犯 (yífàn)
* 罪嫌 (zuìxián)

#### See also

* 罪犯 (zuìfàn)
# 犯罪學者
## Chinese

| | | criminology | ‑ist, ‑er (person); person (who does something) |
| trad. (犯罪學者) | trad. (犯罪學者) | 犯罪學 | 者 |
| simp. (犯罪学者) | simp. (犯罪学者) | 犯罪学 | 者 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fànzuìxuézhě
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄓㄜˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fànzuìxuézhě
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄓㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fànzuèisyuéjhě
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^4$-tsui$^4$-hsüeh$^2$-chê$^3$
*** Yale: fàn-dzwèi-sywé-jě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fanntzueyshyuejee
*** Palladius: фаньцзуйсюэчжэ (fanʹczujsjuečžɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

犯罪學者
* criminologist
# 犯罪分子
## Chinese

| | | to commit a crime; to sin | side branch in a family tree; component |
| trad. (犯罪分子) | trad. (犯罪分子) | 犯罪 | 分子 |
| simp. $^#$(犯罪分子) | simp. $^#$(犯罪分子) | 犯罪 | 分子 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fànzuì fènzǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄈㄣˋ ㄗˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): faan$^6$ zeoi$^6$ fan$^6$ zi$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fànzuì fènzǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ ㄈㄣˋ ㄗˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fànzuèi fènzǐh
*** Wade–Giles: fan$^4$-tsui$^4$ fên$^4$-tzŭ$^3$
*** Yale: fàn-dzwèi fèn-dž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fanntzuey fenntzyy
*** Palladius: фаньцзуй фэньцзы (fanʹczuj fɛnʹczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: faan$^6$ zeoi$^6$ fan$^6$ zi$^2$
*** Yale: faahn jeuih fahn jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: faan$^6$ dzoey$^6$ fan$^6$ dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fan$^6$ zêu$^6$ fen$^6$ ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /faːn²² t͡sɵy̯²² fɐn²² t͡siː³⁵/

### Noun

犯罪分子
* criminal; offender

#### Synonyms

* 差事 (chāishi) (literary, historical)
* 差使 (chāishi) (literary, historical)
* 犯 (fàn)
* 犯人 (fànrén)
* 犯罪者 (fànzuìzhě)
* 罪犯 (zuìfàn)
* 違法者／违法者 (wéifǎzhě)

#### See also

* 犯罪嫌疑人 (fànzuì xiányírén)
# 火曜
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huǒyào
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fo$^2$ jiu$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huǒyào
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huǒyào
*** Wade–Giles: huo$^3$-yao$^4$
*** Yale: hwǒ-yàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huooyaw
*** Palladius: хояо (xojao)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fo$^2$ jiu$^6$
*** Yale: fó yiuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fo$^2$ jiu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fo$^2$ yiu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /fɔː³⁵ jiːu̯²²/
* Middle Chinese: xwaX yewH
Rime :
| Character | 火 | 曜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) | 宵 (91) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 呼果切 | 弋照切 |
| Baxter | xwaX | yewH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /huɑ$^X$/ | /jiᴇu$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /huɑ$^X$/ | /jiɛu$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xuɑ$^X$/ | /jæu$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hwa$^X$/ | /jiaw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /xuɑ$^X$/ | /iɛu$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /xuɑ$^X$/ | /jĭɛu$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /xuɑ$^X$/ | /i̯ɛu$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | huǒ | yào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fo$^2$ | jiu$^6$ |

### Noun

火曜
* (Classical, archaic) planet Mars

#### Synonyms

* 火星 (Huǒxīng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 火曜(かよう) (kayō)
* → Korean: 화요(火曜) (hwayo)

### See also

* 七曜 (qīyào)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 火 | 曜 |
| か Grade: 1 | よう Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

/kaeu/ > /kayoː/. Originally it meant the planet Mars.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かよー [kàyóꜜò] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [ka̠jo̞ː]

### Noun

火(か)曜(よう) • (kayō)
* (archaic) planet Mars
* Tuesday

#### Synonyms

* 火曜日(かようび) (kayōbi)

### See also

* 七曜(しちよう) (shichiyō)

### References

* ↑ Amoghavajra, 文殊師利菩薩及諸仙所說吉凶時日善惡宿曜經, vol. 2, T21, p. 0398b, 759 : 日曜太陽胡名蜜波斯名曜森勿天竺名阿儞(泥以反)底耶(二合) 月曜太陰胡名莫波斯名婁禍森勿天竺名蘇上摩 火曜熒惑胡名雲漢波斯名勢森勿天竺名糞盎聲哦囉迦盎 水曜辰星胡名咥(丁逸反)波斯名掣森勿天竺名部(引)陀 木曜歲星胡名鶻勿波斯名本森勿天竺名勿哩訶娑跛底(丁以反) 金曜太白胡名那歇波斯名數森勿天竺名戌羯羅 土曜鎮星胡名枳院波斯名翕森勿天竺名賒乃以室折囉

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 火 | 曜 |

### Noun

火曜 • (hwayo) (hangeul 화요)
* hanja form of 화요 (“(archaic) planet Mars”)
* hanja form of 화요 (“Tuesday”)
# 灄

| 灄 | U+7044, &#28740; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7044 |
| ← 灃 [U+7043] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 灅 → [U+7045] |

## Translingual
### Han character

灄 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+18, 21 strokes, cangjie input 水尸十十 (ESJJ), four-corner 3114$_1$, composition ⿰氵聶)
* river in Hubei province

#### Derived characters

* 𩇋

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 662, character 17
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18741
* Dae Jaweon: page 1071, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1791, character 10
* Unihan data for U+7044

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 攝 | *neːb, *ʔnjeb |
| 聶 | *neb |
| 鑷 | *neb |
| 躡 | *neb |
| 襵 | *nteb, *ʔnjeb |
| 懾 | *ʔnjeb |
| 囁 | *ʔnjeb, *njeb |
| 欇 | *ʔnjeb, *n̥ʰjeb, *ɦnjeb, *hnjeb |
| 灄 | *hnjeb |
| 顳 | *njeb |
| 讘 | *njeb |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shè (she$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sip$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shè
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shè
*** Wade–Giles: shê$^4$
*** Yale: shè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheh
*** Palladius: шэ (šɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sip$^3$
*** Yale: sip
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sip$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xib$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːp̚³/
* Middle Chinese: syep
Rime :
| Character | 灄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 葉 (155) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 書涉切 |
| Baxter | syep |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɕiᴇp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɕiɛp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɕjæp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɕiap̚/ |
| Li Rong | /ɕiɛp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /ɕĭɛp̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɕi̯ɛp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | she |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sip$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*hnjeb/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 灄 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9540 |
| Phonetic component | 聶 |
| Rime group | 盍 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 攝 |
| Old Chinese | /*hnjeb/ |

### Definitions

灄
* river in Hubei province

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): しょう (shō)、じょう (jō)、にょう (nyō)

## Korean
### Hanja

灄 • (seop) (hangeul 섭, revised seop, McCune–Reischauer sŏp, Yale sep)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
# 爪切
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 爪 | 切 |
| つめ Grade: S | き(り) Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||

### Noun

爪(つめ)切(きり) • (tsumekiri)
* Alternative spelling of 爪切り (“nail clipper”)
# 爪切り
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 爪 | 切 |
| つめ Grade: S | き Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 爪切

### Etymology

Compound of 爪 (tsume, “nails, claws”) +‎ 切り (kiri, “cutting, cutter”, stem of verb 切る, kiru, “to cut”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) つめきり [tsùmékíꜜrì] (Nakadaka –)
* (Tokyo) つめきり [tsùmékírí] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) つめきり [tsùmékíríꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [t͡sɨme̞kʲiɾʲi]

### Noun

爪(つめ)切(き)り • (tsumekiri)
* a nail clipper

#### Descendants

* Korean: 쓰메끼리 (sseumekkiri)

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN