OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# trincón
## Spanish
### Etymology

From trincar +‎ -ón.

### Adjective

trincón (feminine trincona, masculine plural trincones, feminine plural trinconas)
* (slang) murderous; killer
** 2017 July 30, Arturo Pérez-Reverte, “Una historia de España (LXXXVII)”, in Milenio‎:Aparte los esfuerzos de desarrollo industrial, logrados a medias y no en todas partes, hubo otras dos leyes cuya importancia debe ser subrayada, pues tendrían un peso notable en el nivel cultural y la calidad de vida de los españoles: la Ley General de Educación de 1970, que —aunque imperfecta, sesgada y miserablemente tardía— amplió la escolarización obligatoria hasta los 14 años, y la Ley de Bases de la Seguridad Social de 1963, que no nos puso por completo donde lo exigía una sociedad moderna, pero garantizó asistencia médica, hospitales y pensiones de jubilación a los españoles, dando pie a una cobertura social, estupenda con el tiempo, de la que todavía nos beneficiamos en 2017 (y que los irresponsables y trincones gobiernos de las últimas décadas, sin distinción de color, hacen todo lo posible por cargarse).(please add an English translation of this quotation)
# trind
## Swedish
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Swedish trinder, from Middle Low German trint (“round”). Doublet of trend.

### Adjective

trind (comparative trindare, superlative trindast)
* round, globular
** plump, chubby (of a person or something else)
    en trind grisa plump pig
    trinda äpplenplump apples
    månen som lyser trind på natthimlenthe moon shining plump in the night sky [cozier way of saying it is round]

#### Usage notes

Often with cozy connotations.

#### Derived terms

* trindskalle
* trindskallig
* trindsnö
* trindsäd
* trindyxa

### Further reading

* trind in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
* trind in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
# trinda
## Old English
### Etymology

From *trind (“round”) +‎ -a; first element from Proto-West Germanic *trind (“round”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtrin.dɑ/

### Noun

trinda m
* something round: a lump or ball

#### Usage notes

* The term is only attested in the oblique form trindan, so it may be either masculine or feminine (Old English trinde), or both.

#### Related terms

* trendan
* trinde
* trundulnes

#### Descendants

* ⇒ Middle English: *umbetrind, ummbetrin

## Swedish
### Adjective

trinda
* inflection of trind:
** definite singular
** plural
# trindare
## Swedish
### Adjective

trindare
* comparative degree of trind
# titulizaré
## Spanish
### Verb

titulizaré
* first-person singular future indicative of titulizar
# titulizaremos
## Spanish
### Verb

titulizaremos
* first-person plural future indicative of titulizar
# tnúun
## Umatilla
### Noun

tnúun
* bighorn sheep, Ovis canadensis

### References

* Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, 2014-2020. Umatilla Language Online Dictionary
# tnąca
## Polish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtnɔnt͡sa/
* Rhymes: -ɔnt͡sa
* Syllabification: tną‧ca

### Participle

tnąca
* feminine nominative/vocative singular of tnący
# triturium
## English
### Noun

triturium
* Alternative form of tritorium
# triturou
## Portuguese
### Verb

triturou
* third-person singular preterite indicative of triturar
# triturus
## Latin
### Etymology

Future active participle of terō

### Participle

trītūrus (feminine trītūra, neuter trītūrum); first/second-declension participle
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Declension

First/second-declension adjective.
# triturorum
## Latin
### Participle

trītūrōrum
* genitive masculine/neuter plural of trītūrus
# triplicavere
## Latin
### Verb

triplicāvēre
* third-person plural perfect active indicative of triplicō
# trobava
## Catalan
### Verb

trobava
* first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of trobar

## Galician
### Verb

trobava
* (reintegrationist norm) first/third-person singular imperfect indicative of trobar
# trichoniscids
## English
### Noun

trichoniscids
* plural of trichoniscid
# trichonotids
## English
### Noun

trichonotids
* plural of trichonotid
# tokofobi
## Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from French tocophobie.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /tokofobi/

### Noun

tokofobi (definite accusative tokofobiyi, plural tokofobiler)
* tokophobia, the fear of childbirth
# triumphaveris
## Latin
### Verb

triumphāveris
* second-person singular future perfect active indicative of triumphō

### Verb

triumphāverīs
* second-person singular perfect active subjunctive of triumphō
# toharishana
## Swahili
### Verb

-toharishana (infinitive kutoharishana)
* Reciprocal form of -toharisha

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of -toharishana :
| Positive present | -natoharishana |
| Subjunctive | -toharishane |
| Negative | -toharishani |
| Imperative singular | toharishana |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kutoharishana |
| Negative | kutotoharishana |
Imperatives :
| Singular | toharishana |
| Plural | toharishaneni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | hutoharishana |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -litoharishana |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kutoharishana |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -tatoharishana |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -tatoharishana |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -sitoharishane |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngetoharishana |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singetoharishana |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalitoharishana |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalitoharishana |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -metoharishana |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshatoharishana |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jatoharishana |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kitoharishana |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipotoharishana |
| Consecutive | katoharishana / positive subject concord + -katoharishana |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -katoharishane |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :
# tohang
## Ibatan
### Etymology

Cognate with Yami toang and Ivatan tuhang.

### Noun

tohang
* bone
# tjatighets
## Swedish
### Noun

tjatighets
* indefinite genitive singular of tjatighet
# tjatige
## Swedish
### Adjective

tjatige
* definite natural masculine singular of tjatig
# tjatoer
## Javanese
### Romanization

tjatoer
* Dated spelling of catur. Romanization of ꦕꦠꦸꦂ
# truncamini
## Latin
### Verb

truncāminī
* second-person plural present passive indicative of truncō
# tolna
## Hungarian
### Etymology

tol (“to push”) +‎ -na (conditional personal suffix)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtolnɒ]
* Hyphenation: tol‧na

### Verb

tolna
* third-person singular conditional present indefinite of tol
# troarias
## Portuguese
### Verb

troarias
* second-person singular conditional of troar
# toastmistress
## English
### Etymology

From toast +‎ mistress.

### Noun

toastmistress (plural toastmistresses)
* A female toastmaster.
# toastons
## French
### Verb

toastons
* inflection of toaster:
** first-person plural present indicative
** first-person plural imperative
# toastmistresses
## English
### Noun

toastmistresses
* plural of toastmistress
# truncaturas
## Latin
### Participle

truncātūrās
* accusative feminine plural of truncātūrus
# truncatulum
## Latin
### Adjective

truncātulum
* inflection of truncātulus:
** nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
** accusative masculine singular
# trikantoj
## Esperanto
### Noun

trikantoj
* plural present nominal active participle of triki
# tombacci
## Italian
### Noun

tombacci m
* plural of tombacco
# troda
## Irish
### Pronunciation

* (Munster, Connacht) IPA: /ˈt̪ˠɾˠɔd̪ˠə/
* (Ulster) IPA: /ˈt̪ˠɾˠʌd̪ˠə/, /ˈt̪ˠɾˠɨ̞d̪ˠə/

### Noun

troda f
* genitive singular of troid

### References

* ↑ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 24
# trocóse
## Spanish
### Verb

trocóse
* (obsolete) Compound of the preterite trocó and the pronoun se.
# tromlane
## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

tromlane m
* definite plural of trommel
# tromlar
## Norwegian Nynorsk
### Noun

tromlar m
* indefinite plural of trommel
# trägt ein
## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

trägt ein
* third-person singular present of eintragen
# trincardes
## Galician
### Verb

trincardes
* inflection of trincar:
** second-person plural future subjunctive
** second-person plural personal infinitive

## Portuguese
### Verb

trincardes
* inflection of trincar:
** second-person plural future subjunctive
** second-person plural personal infinitive
# trincare
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /trinˈka.re/
* Rhymes: -are
* Hyphenation: trin‧cà‧re

### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle High German trinken (“to drink”), whence also French trinquer (“to chink glasses, toast”).

#### Verb

trincàre (first-person singular present trìnco, first-person singular past historic trincài, past participle trincàto, auxiliary avére)
* (informal) to knock back (a drink)

##### Derived terms

* trincata
* trincatore
* trincone

### Etymology 2

From trinca +‎ -are.

#### Verb

trincàre (first-person singular present trìnco, first-person singular past historic trincài, past participle trincàto, auxiliary avére)
* (nautical) to lace tightly

##### Conjugation
### References

* ↑ “trincare” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN

### Anagrams

* entrarci, trincera, trincerà

## Spanish
### Verb

trincare
* first/third-person singular future subjunctive of trincar
# trincaredes
## Galician
### Verb

trincaredes
* second-person plural future indicative of trincar
# tobruks
## English
### Noun

tobruks
* plural of tobruk
# tondeldoos
## Dutch
### Alternative forms

* tonderdoos

### Etymology

Compound of tondel +‎ doos.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtɔn.dəlˌdoːs/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: ton‧del‧doos

### Noun

tondeldoos f (plural tondeldozen, diminutive tondeldoosje n)
* tinderbox (container and fire-making tool)
# tolerotojn
## Esperanto
### Noun

tolerotojn
* accusative plural future nominal passive participle of toleri
# tolerou
## Galician
### Verb

tolerou
* third-person singular preterite indicative of tolerar

## Portuguese
### Verb

tolerou
* third-person singular preterite indicative of tolerar
# toleru
## Esperanto
### Verb

toleru
* imperative of toleri
# tolerus
## Esperanto
### Verb

tolerus
* conditional of toleri
# trovane
## Italian
### Verb

trovane
* compound of trova, the second-person singular (tu) imperative form of trovare, with ne

### Anagrams

* Vetrano, entravo, nervato, ovrante, vanterò, vernato, vertano, vorante, votarne
# trouassions
## French
### Verb

trouassions
* first-person plural imperfect subjunctive of trouer

### Anagrams

* outrassions, routassions
# trobardes
## Galician
### Verb

trobardes
* inflection of trobar:
** second-person plural future subjunctive
** second-person plural personal infinitive
# trobareis
## Galician
### Verb

trobareis
* (reintegrationist norm) second-person plural future indicative of trobar
# trobareu
## Catalan
### Verb

trobareu
* second-person plural future indicative of trobar
# tswv tsev
## Green Hmong
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 主 (t͡ɕɨo$^X$) ("chief", "lord", "master", "owner) + tsev ("house"), literally means "Lord of the House".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʂɨ˧˦.t͡ʂe˧˦/

### Noun

tswv tsev
* head of household

## White Hmong
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 主 (t͡ɕɨo$^X$) ("chief", "lord", "master", "owner) + tsev ("house"), literally means "Lord of the House".

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʂɨ˧˦.t͡ʂe˧˦/

### Noun

tswv tsev
* head of household
# tsy aiza tsy aiza
## Malagasy
### Noun

tsy aiza tsy aiza
* nowhere
# took for a drive
## English
### Verb

took for a drive
* simple past and past participle of take for a drive
# tonuissem
## Latin
### Verb

tonuissem
* first-person singular pluperfect active subjunctive of tonō
# tonuissemus
## Latin
### Verb

tonuissēmus
* first-person plural pluperfect active subjunctive of tonō
# trunk call
## English
### Noun

trunk call (plural trunk calls)
* (telephony, dated, chiefly British) a long-distance telephone call, especially one connected by the operator
# trunk line
## English
### Pronunciation

* Rhymes: -aɪn

### Noun

trunk line (plural trunk lines)
* (rail transport) A main railway line which usually forms the backbone of a rail network.
    Coordinate term: mainline
** 1987, William H. Rehnquist, The Supreme Court:But the states were generally concerned with the location of trunk lines and left it to cities and counties to worry about branch lines.
* The main line of a canal, from which other sections diverge.
* A main telephone line.
** 1943, H. Lorna Bingham, The Lost Tribe, Sydney: Winn and Co., page 13, column 2:Then he put a trunk line phone call through to the nearest township and asked the Police to send someone out as soon as possible.

#### Translations
### See also

* trunkline

### References

* “trunk line”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
# toeschouwer
## Dutch
### Etymology

From toe- +‎ schouwen +‎ -er, possibly influenced by German Zuschauer. The verb toeschouwen is probably a later formation.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈtuˌsxɑu̯.ər/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: toe‧schou‧wer

### Noun

toeschouwer m (plural toeschouwers, diminutive toeschouwertje n)
* spectator

#### Derived terms

* toeschouwen
# toeschouwertje
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

toeschouwertje n (plural toeschouwertjes)
* diminutive of toeschouwer
# toeschreeft
## Dutch
### Verb

toeschreeft
* second-person (gij) singular dependent-clause past indicative of toeschrijven

### Anagrams

* schreeft toe
# toeschouwers
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

toeschouwers
* plural of toeschouwer
# trătaj
## Romanian
### Noun

trătaj n (plural trătaje)
* Alternative form of tartaj
# trädet
## Swedish
### Noun

trädet
* definite singular of träd
* definite singular of träde
# togwa
## Swahili
### Pronunciation

* Audio (Kenya):(file)

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

togwa (n class, plural togwa)
* a sweet, unfermented beverage, traditionally made from sorghum

### Etymology 2

See -toga.

#### Verb

-togwa (infinitive kutogwa)
* Passive form of -toga

##### Conjugation

Conjugation of -togwa :
| Positive present | -natogwa |
| Subjunctive | -togwe |
| Negative | -togwi |
| Imperative singular | togwa |
Infinitives :
| Positive | kutogwa |
| Negative | kutotogwa |
Imperatives :
| Singular | togwa |
| Plural | togweni |
Tensed forms :
| Habitual | hutogwa |
| Positive past | positive subject concord + -litogwa |
| Negative past | negative subject concord + -kutogwa |
| Positive future | positive subject concord + -tatogwa |
| Negative future | negative subject concord + -tatogwa |
| Negative subjunctive | positive subject concord + -sitogwe |
| Positive present conditional | positive subject concord + -ngetogwa |
| Negative present conditional | positive subject concord + -singetogwa |
| Positive past conditional | positive subject concord + -ngalitogwa |
| Negative past conditional | positive subject concord + -singalitogwa |
| Perfect | positive subject concord + -metogwa |
| "Already" | positive subject concord + -meshatogwa |
| "Not yet" | negative subject concord + -jatogwa |
| "If/When" | positive subject concord + -kitogwa |
| "If not" | positive subject concord + -sipotogwa |
| Consecutive | katogwa / positive subject concord + -katogwa |
| Consecutive subjunctive | positive subject concord + -katogwe |
Relative forms :
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. :
# togyddir
## Middle English
### Adverb

togyddir
* Alternative form of togidere
# togydire
## Middle English
### Adverb

togydire
* Alternative form of togidere
# toona
## English
### Noun

toona (plural toonas)
* A plant of the genus Toona; red cedar.
# torculus
## English

* A torculus.

### Etymology

From Latin torculus, from torqueō (“I twist, wind”).

### Noun

torculus (plural torculi)
* (music) A neume denoting a set of three tones which first rise from the original tone, then fall.

#### See also

* porrectus

### Anagrams

* outcurls
# tth’í
## Chipewyan
### Adverb

tth’í
* again
# tokophobic
## English
### Alternative forms

* tocophobic

### Adjective

tokophobic (comparative more tokophobic, superlative most tokophobic)
* Having or relating to tokophobia.
** 2002, Jessica Autumn Brown, In Praise of Good Breeding: Pronatalism and Immigration in the British Print Media, page 56:[…] Kristina Hofberg, Britain’s “leading expert on the syndrome,” who claims that just thinking about birth can make tokophobic women anxious.
** 2009, Neil Humphreys, “The Third Trimester”, in Be My Baby: On the Road to Fatherhood, Marshall Cavendish, page 171:Interestingly, a 2008 British study found that almost half of pregnant women who request a Caesarean section do so because they have a genuine fear of childbirth. In fact, it’s estimated that one in seven women may be tokophobic. It’s thanks to all those damned horror stories from our dear, beloved friends and families. You know the ones. Your mother insists that her labour lasted 78 hours and that the resulting baby was so big, the doctors christened it Moby Dick and sent in a Japanese whaling fleet.
** 2016, Natalie Jolly, “Birthing Baby Blue: Beyoncé and the Changing Face of Celebrity Birth Culture”, in Adrienne Trier-Bieniek, editor, The Beyoncé Effect: Essays on Sexuality, Race and Feminism, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, Inc., →ISBN, page 148:In framing her birth story in this way, Beyoncé veered away from the tokophobic assumptions that have normalized pain avoidance as a customary part of birth culture.
# tokophobe
## English
### Etymology

From toko- +‎ -phobe.

### Noun

tokophobe (plural tokophobes)
* One who has tokophobia.
** [1986, David Grambs, Dimboxes, Epopts, and Other Quidams: Words to Describe Life’s Indescribable People, Workman Publishing, →ISBN, page 124:tocophobe (tō´kō fōb´) A woman who dreads childbirth—or her husband who does also, for that matter. Most tocophobes have not yet had a child and are apprehensive about the graduation ceremony from being a unigravida. Some are already mothers but still (with good reason) dread labor pains. A tocophobe, or maieusiophobe, should probably know a good levatrice (midwife).]
** 2010 March 4, Jessie Hewitson, “'I have a phobia of pregnancy'”, in The Guardian‎, archived from the original on 11 February 2014:[Kristina] Hofberg separates sufferers into two categories: primary tokophobes, who fear childbirth before pregnancy, and secondary ones, whose fear is ignited by a traumatic birth. […] Some tokophobes think they will die; others imagine something unbearable happening.
** 2011 March 19, Ben Wakeling, “Overcoming Tokophobia (Fear Of Pregnancy And Child Birth)”, in HuffPost‎, archived from the original on 9 December 2022:Helen Mirren revealed herself to be a tokophobe in 2007, pinpointing the origin of her phobia to a distressing educational film about childbirth shown to her at school when she was a teenager. […] For many, it is the end of pregnancy that holds the most fear, which is why the majority of tokophobes request elective Caesarean sections to help ease their worries.
** 2015, Sally Pairman, Jan Pincombe, Carol Thorogood, Sally Tracy, “Challenges to Women’s Health”, in Midwifery: Preparation for Practice, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 183:[Kristina] Hofberg and [Ian] Brockington (2000) divide sufferers into two categories: primary tocophobes, who fear childbirth before pregnancy, and secondary tocophobes, whose fear is ignited by a traumatic birth.
** 2016 July 6, Chris Bodenner, “Confessions of a Tokophobe”, in The Atlantic‎, archived from the original on 9 December 2022:Confessions of a Tokophobe
** 2018 February 2, George F. Winter, “Tocophobia”, in British Journal of Midwifery‎, volume 26, number 2, →DOI:Describing her reaction to a film on childbirth that was shown at her school, Dame Helen Mirren once commented: ‘I swear it traumatised me to this day. I haven’t had children and now I can’t look at anything to do with childbirth. It absolutely disgusts me’ (Shears, 2007). One might infer that Dame Helen is a tocophobe: someone with a severe fear of childbirth.
** 2021 November, M. A. O’Connell, C. R. Martin, J. Jomeen, “Reconsidering fear of birth: Language matters”, in Midwifery, volume 102, →DOI:‘[…] a tokophobe, always a tokophobe’.
# ts'eba
## Lower Tanana
### Noun

ts'eba
* spruce

### References

* James Kari, Lower Tanana Athabaskan Listening and Writing Exercises (1991)
# tolderías
## Spanish
### Noun

tolderías f pl
* plural of toldería
# toldes
## Galician
### Verb

toldes
* second-person singular present subjunctive of toldar

## Spanish
### Verb

toldes
* second-person singular present subjunctive of toldar
# toldilla
## Catalan
### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [tulˈði.ʎə]
* IPA: (Valencia) [tolˈði.ʎa]

### Noun

toldilla f (plural toldilles)
* (nautical) poop deck

## Spanish
### Noun

toldilla f (plural toldillas)
* (nautical) poop deck

### Further reading

* “toldilla”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
# toldemos
## Galician
### Verb

toldemos
* inflection of toldar:
** first-person plural present subjunctive
** first-person plural imperative

## Spanish
### Verb

toldemos
* inflection of toldar:
** first-person plural present subjunctive
** first-person plural imperative
# toldhat
## Hungarian
### Etymology

told +‎ -hat

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈtolthɒt]
* Hyphenation: told‧hat

### Verb

toldhat
* potential form of told
# tolden
## Danish
### Noun

tolden c
* definite singular of told

## Galician
### Verb

tolden
* inflection of toldar:
** third-person plural present subjunctive
** third-person plural imperative

## Spanish
### Verb

tolden
* inflection of toldar:
** third-person plural present subjunctive
** third-person plural imperative
# tormentarti
## Italian
### Verb

tormentarti
* second-person singular infinitive of tormentarsi
# trywþ
## Old English
### Noun

trȳwþ f
* Alternative form of trēowþ
# trz
## German
### Adverb

trz (Internet slang, text messaging)
* Clipping of trzdem.
# tokrolig
## Swedish
### Etymology

tok (“crazy person”) or tokig (“crazy”) + rolig (“funny”)

### Adjective

tokrolig (comparative tokroligare, superlative tokroligast)
* funny in a crazy or weird (and unpredictable) way; zany

#### See also

* knasig

#### References

* tokrolig in Svensk ordbok (SO)
* tokrolig in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
# torturarám
## Galician
### Verb

torturarám
* (reintegrationist norm) third-person plural future indicative of torturar
# tuairimí
## Irish
### Noun

tuairimí f pl
* plural of tuairim
# tonsuraríamos
## Spanish
### Verb

tonsuraríamos
* first-person plural conditional of tonsurar
# tonsuraría
## Spanish
### Verb

tonsuraría
* first/third-person singular conditional of tonsurar
# toscanizzeranno
## Italian
### Verb

toscanizzeranno
* third-person plural future of toscanizzare
# tolerabamos
## Galician
### Verb

tolerabamos
* first-person plural imperfect indicative of tolerar
# tolerabais
## Spanish
### Verb

tolerabais
* second-person plural imperfect indicative of tolerar
# torpediniform
## English
### Adjective

torpediniform (not comparable)
* (zoology) Of or relating to the Torpediniformes.
** 1996, Melanie L.J. Stiassny, Interrelationships of Fishes, page 75:The coracohyomandibularis, of the hypobranchial muscle plate, has a single origin on the fascia that is continuous with the pericardial membrane in the outgroups and in most batoids, with the exception of narkid torpediniform rays and myliobatiforms.