# 蒸

| 蒸 | U+84B8, &#33976; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-84B8 |
| ← 蒷 [U+84B7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 蒹 → [U+84B9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

蒸 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿弓水火 (TNEF), four-corner 4433$_1$, composition ⿱艹烝)

#### Derived characters

* 𡽮, 𩟘, 𬵴

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1050, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31618
* Dae Jaweon: page 1511, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3273, character 4
* Unihan data for U+84B8

## Chinese

* 蒸 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Steaming (English)

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 蒸 | *kljɯŋ |
| 烝 | *kljɯŋ, *kljɯŋs |
| 篜 | *klɯŋ |
| 脀 | *kljɯŋ |
| 拯 | *kljɯŋʔ |
| 氶 | *kljɯŋʔ |
| 承 | *ɡljɯŋ |
| 丞 | *ɡljɯŋ, *ɡljɯŋs |
| 巹 | *klɯnʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kljɯŋ) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 烝 (OC *kljɯŋ, *kljɯŋs).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): zhēng (zheng$^1$)
       (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): җын (žɨn, I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zing$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂n
* Jin (Wiktionary): zeng$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): céng
* Eastern Min (BUC): cĭng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): cheng
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$tsen
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
*** Wade–Giles: chêng$^1$
*** Yale: jēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
*** Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җын (žɨn, I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^1$
*** Yale: jīng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂n
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziin$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn²⁴/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: zeng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sə̃ŋ¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: céng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seiŋ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: cĭng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
*** Tâi-lô: tsing
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zêng$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseng
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seŋ³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$tsen
*** MiniDict: tsen$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$tsen
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: tsying
Rime :
| Character | 蒸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 煑仍切 |
| Baxter | tsying |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕɨŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕɨŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕieŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ciŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕiəŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕĭəŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕi̯əŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhēng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zing$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*təŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kljɯŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 蒸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zhēng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsying › |
| Old Chinese | /*təŋ/ |
| English | twigs as firewood |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 蒸 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1406 |
| Phonetic component | 丞 |
| Rime group | 蒸 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 蒸 |
| Old Chinese | /*kljɯŋ/ |

### Definitions

蒸
* (literally) to evaporate (transition from a liquid state into a gaseous state)
* (cooking) to steam
    蒸餃／蒸饺 ― zhēngjiǎo ― steamed dumplings
* (historical) torch made of hemp stalks or bamboo and wood
    蒸燭／蒸烛 ― zhēngzhú ― ancient torch made of hemp stalks or bamboo
* (literary) small pieces of firewood
* Used in 蒸蒸.
* Alternative form of 烝 (zhēng)

#### Synonyms

* (to evaporate): 蒸發／蒸发 (zhēngfā)
* (to steam):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 蒸 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 蒸 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 蒸 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 蒸 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 蒸 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 蒸 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 蒸 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 蒸 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 蒸 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 蒸 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 蒸 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 蒸 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 蒸 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 蒸 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 蒸 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 蒸 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 蒸 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 蒸 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 蒸 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 蒸 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 炊, 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 炊 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 炊 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 炊 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 炊 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 炊, 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 炊 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 炊 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 炊 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 炊 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 煮 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 蒸, 炊 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 蒸 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 蒸 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 蒸 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 蒸 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 炊 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 炊 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 炊 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 炊 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 蒸 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 蒸 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 蒸 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 炊 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 炊 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 炊 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 炊 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 炊 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 炊 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 炊 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 炊 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 炊 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 炊 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 蒸 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 炊 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 蒸 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 炊 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Shaxian) | 炊 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 蒸 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 蒸 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 蒸 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 蒸 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 蒸 |
| Wu | Danyang | 蒸 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 熯, 蒸, 炊 rare |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 蒸, 炊 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 蒸, 熯, 炊 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 蒸 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 蒸 |

### See also

* 燉／炖 (dùn)
* 燴／烩 (huì)
* 扒 (pá)

### Compounds

* 上蒸下報／上蒸下报
* 九蒸三熯
* 報蒸／报蒸
* 奉蒸嘗／奉蒸尝
* 易牙蒸子
* 暖蒸蒸
* 林蒸
* 梅蒸
* 樵蒸
* 橫蒸／横蒸
* 歊蒸
* 水蒸氣／水蒸气 (shuǐzhēngqì)
* 汗蒸 (hànzhēng)
* 沙蒸
* 油蒸校尉
* 浮蒸
* 淫蒸
* 清蒸 (qīngzhēng)
* 溽蒸
* 炎蒸
* 煦蒸
* 煩蒸／烦蒸
* 煎蒸
* 蒸人
* 蒸作鋪／蒸作铺
* 蒸嘗／蒸尝
* 蒸報／蒸报 (zhēngbào)
* 蒸壤
* 蒸布
* 蒸庶
* 蒸徒
* 蒸悶／蒸闷
* 蒸散
* 蒸散作用
* 蒸暑
* 蒸梨
* 蒸民
* 蒸氣／蒸气 (zhēngqì)
* 蒸氣壓／蒸气压 (zhēngqìyā)
* 蒸氣浴／蒸气浴
* 蒸汽 (zhēngqì)
* 蒸沙成飯／蒸沙成饭
* 蒸汽機／蒸汽机 (zhēngqìjī)
* 蒸汽船 (zhēngqìchuán)
* 蒸溽
* 蒸漚歷瀾／蒸沤历澜
* 蒸濕／蒸湿
* 蒸炎
* 蒸蒸
* 熏蒸
* 熙蒸
* 熇蒸
* 熏蒸劑
* 蒸蒸日上 (zhēngzhēngrìshàng)
* 蒸蒸日盛
* 蒸蒸日進／蒸蒸日进
* 蒸燭／蒸烛
* 蒸畀
* 蒸發／蒸发 (zhēngfā)
* 蒸發熱／蒸发热
* 蒸祭
* 蒸禋
* 蒸籠／蒸笼 (zhēnglóng)
* 蒸臉／蒸脸
* 蒸薪
* 蒸藜
* 蒸藜出妻
* 蒸裹
* 蒸豚
* 蒸鍋／蒸锅 (zhēngguō)
* 蒸陶
* 蒸露
* 蒸食
* 蒸餅／蒸饼 (zhēngbǐng)
* 蒸餃／蒸饺 (zhēngjiǎo)
* 蒸餅淤／蒸饼淤
* 蒸餾／蒸馏 (zhēngliú)
* 蒸餾器／蒸馏器
* 蒸餾水／蒸馏水 (zhēngliúshuǐ)
* 蒸餾法／蒸馏法
* 蒸餾瓶／蒸馏瓶
* 蒸餾酒／蒸馏酒 (zhēngliújiǔ)
* 蒸騰／蒸腾 (zhēngténg)
* 蒸骨驗屍／蒸骨验尸
* 蒸鬱／蒸郁
* 蒸黎
* 蒸黔
* 燠蒸
* 爛蒸／烂蒸
* 王蒸
* 相蒸
* 粉蒸
* 粉蒸肉 (fěnzhēngròu)
* 蒿蒸
* 薪蒸
* 薀蒸／蕰蒸
* 薰蒸
* 藜蒸
* 蘊蒸／蕴蒸
* 虎變龍蒸／虎变龙蒸
* 裹蒸
* 裹蒸粽 (guǒzhēngzòng)
* 陶蒸
* 雲蒸／云蒸
* 雲蒸霞蔚／云蒸霞蔚
* 雲蒸霧集／云蒸雾集
* 雲蒸龍變／云蒸龙变
* 霞蒸
* 霞蔚雲蒸／霞蔚云蒸
* 霧涌雲蒸／雾涌云蒸
* 霧湧雲蒸／雾涌云蒸
* 風興雲蒸／风兴云蒸
* 風起雲蒸／风起云蒸
* 風靡雲蒸／风靡云蒸
* 飲蒸／饮蒸
* 飽和蒸汽／饱和蒸汽
* 餅蒸／饼蒸
* 骨蒸
* 骨蒸癆／骨蒸痨
* 鬱蒸／郁蒸
* 黀蒸
* 黃蒸／黄蒸
* 黎蒸
* 龍蒸／龙蒸

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)
* steam; vapor
* steamy; sultry
* numerous; various, varied

#### Readings

* Go-on: しょう (shō)
* Kan-on: しょう (shō)
* Tō-on: せい (sei)
* Kan’yō-on: じょう (jō, Jōyō)
* Kun: むす (musu, 蒸す, Jōyō)、むらす (murasu, 蒸らす, Jōyō)、むれる (mureru, 蒸れる, Jōyō)、ふかす (fukasu, 蒸かす)、ふける (fukeru, 蒸ける)、おおい (ōi, 蒸い)

## Korean
### Hanja

蒸 (eumhun 찔 증 (jjil jeung))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

### Compounds

* 蒸發 (증발, jeungbal)
* 蒸氣 (증기, jeunggi)
* 蒸溜 (증류, jeungryu)
* 蒸散 (증산, jeungsan)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

蒸: Hán Nôm readings: chưng, chừng
* (cooking) steam
* (liquids) to evaporate

### Compounds

* 餅蒸 (bánh chưng)