# 退位
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tuìwèi
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄟˋ ㄨㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): teoi$^3$ wai$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thè-ūi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tuìwèi
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄟˋ ㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tuèiwèi
*** Wade–Giles: tʻui$^4$-wei$^4$
*** Yale: twèi-wèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tueywey
*** Palladius: туйвэй (tujvɛj)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: teoi$^3$ wai$^6$
*** Yale: teui waih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: toey$^3$ wai$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: têu$^3$ wei$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰɵy̯³³ wɐi̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thè-ūi
*** Tâi-lô: thè-uī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tea'ui
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰe²¹⁻⁴¹ ui³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰe¹¹⁻⁵³ ui³³/
* Middle Chinese: thwojH hwijH
Rime :
| Character | 退 | 位 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 灰 (42) | 脂 (18) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 他内切 | 于愧切 |
| Baxter | thwojH | hwijH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰuʌi$^H$/ | /ɦˠiuɪ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰuoi$^H$/ | /ɦʷᵚi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰuɒi$^H$/ | /ɣiuɪ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰwəj$^H$/ | /ɦjwi$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰuᴀi$^H$/ | /ɣjui$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰuɒi$^H$/ | /ɣwi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tʰuɑ̆i$^H$/ | /wi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tuì | wèi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | teoi$^3$ | wai$^6$ |

### Verb

退⫽位 (verb-object)
* (intransitive) to abdicate (the throne); to step down (as leader)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 退(たい)位(い) (taii)
* → Korean: 퇴위(退位) (toewi)
* → Vietnamese: thoái vị (退位)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 退 | 位 |
| たい Grade: 6 | い Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) たいい [táꜜìì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ta̠ii]

### Noun

退(たい)位(い) • (taii)
* abdication (the act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder)

### Verb

退(たい)位(い)する • (taii suru) intransitive suru (stem 退(たい)位(い)し (taii shi), past 退(たい)位(い)した (taii shita))
* abdicate

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 退位し | たいいし | taii shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 退位し | たいいし | taii shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 退位する | たいいする | taii suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 退位する | たいいする | taii suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 退位すれ | たいいすれ | taii sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 退位せよ¹ 退位しろ² | たいいせよ¹ たいいしろ² | taii seyo¹ taii shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 退位される | たいいされる | taii sareru |
| Causative | 退位させる 退位さす | たいいさせる たいいさす | taii saseru taii sasu |
| Potential | 退位できる | たいいできる | taii dekiru |
| Volitional | 退位しよう | たいいしよう | taii shiyō |
| Negative | 退位しない | たいいしない | taii shinai |
| Negative continuative | 退位せず | たいいせず | taii sezu |
| Formal | 退位します | たいいします | taii shimasu |
| Perfective | 退位した | たいいした | taii shita |
| Conjunctive | 退位して | たいいして | taii shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 退位すれば | たいいすれば | taii sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 退 | 位 |

### Noun

退位 • (toewi) (hangeul 퇴위)
* hanja form of 퇴위 (“abdication”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 退 | 位 |

### Verb

退位
* chữ Hán form of thoái vị (“to abdicate”).