# 髀

| 髀 | U+9AC0, &#39616; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9AC0 |
| ← 骿 [U+9ABF] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 髁 → [U+9AC1] |

## Translingual
### Han character

髀 (Kangxi radical 188, 骨+8, 18 strokes, cangjie input 月月竹田十 (BBHWJ), four-corner 7624$_0$, composition ⿰骨卑)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1449, character 35
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45205
* Dae Jaweon: page 1976, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4414, character 2
* Unihan data for U+9AC0

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 捭 | *preːʔ |
| 牌 | *breː, *breː |
| 郫 | *breː, *bre, *be |
| 蠯 | *breː, *be, *breːŋʔ |
| 猈 | *breːʔ, *breː |
| 稗 | *breːs |
| 粺 | *breːs |
| 𥱼 | *breː |
| 豍 | *peː |
| 箄 | *peː, *pe, *peʔ |
| 錍 | *pʰeː, *pe |
| 睥 | *pʰeːs |
| 渒 | *pʰeːs, *pe |
| 鼙 | *beː |
| 鞞 | *beː, *pe, *peʔ, *peːŋʔ |
| 椑 | *beː, *pe, *beɡ, *beːɡ |
| 崥 | *beː, *peʔ |
| 髀 | *beːʔ, *peʔ, *piʔ |
| 卑 | *pe |
| 鵯 | *pe, *pʰiɡ |
| 裨 | *pe, *be |
| 痺 | *pe |
| 碑 | *pre |
| 婢 | *peʔ, *beʔ |
| 諀 | *pʰeʔ |
| 脾 | *be |
| 埤 | *be |
| 陴 | *be |
| 蜱 | *be, *mbew |
| 焷 | *be |
| 螷 | *be, *breːŋʔ |
| 庳 | *beʔ |
| 琕 | *biːŋ |
| 萆 | *beɡ, *slɯʔ |
| 綼 | *biɡ, *peːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *beːʔ, *peʔ, *piʔ) : semantic 骨 (“bone”) + phonetic 卑 (OC *pe).

### Etymology

Cognate with Tibetan དཔྱི (dpyi, “hip”) (Schuessler, 2007) and Japhug tɯχpɣi (“thigh”) (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bì (bi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bei$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): bei$^2$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): pí
    (Meixian, Guangdong): bi$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bi$^3$ / bi$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bì
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bì
*** Wade–Giles: pi$^4$
*** Yale: bì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
*** Palladius: би (bi)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bei$^2$
*** Yale: béi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bei$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: béi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pei̯³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: bei$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pei⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pí
*** Hakka Romanization System: bi$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pi³¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: bi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /pi³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pí
*** Tâi-lô: pí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pie
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pi⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pi⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bi$^3$ / bi$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pì / pí
*** Sinological IPA : /pi²¹³/, /pi⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: pjeX, pjijX, bejX
Rime :
| Character | 髀 | 髀 | 髀 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 並 (3) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (13) | 脂 (15) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 并弭切 | 卑履切 | 傍禮切 |
| Baxter | pjeX | pjijX | bejX |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pˠiᴇ$^X$/ | /piɪ$^X$/ | /bei$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pᵚiɛ$^X$/ | /pi$^X$/ | /bei$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /piɛ$^X$/ | /pjɪ$^X$/ | /bɛi$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pjiə̆$^X$/ | /pi$^X$/ | /bɛj$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /pje$^X$/ | /pi$^X$/ | /bei$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /pǐe$^X$/ | /pi$^X$/ | /biei$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pie̯$^X$/ | /pi$^X$/ | /bʱiei$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bǐ | bǐ | bì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bei$^2$ | bei$^2$ | bai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-pˤeʔ/, /*peʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*beːʔ/, /*peʔ/, /*piʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 髀 | 髀 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bì | bì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bej$^X$ › | ‹ pjie$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-pˁeʔ/ | /*peʔ/ |
| English | femur | femur, haunch |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 髀 | 髀 | 髀 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 367 | 381 | 396 |
| Phonetic component | 卑 | 卑 | 卑 |
| Rime group | 支 | 支 | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 陛 | 𢔌 | 匕 |
| Old Chinese | /*beːʔ/ | /*peʔ/ | /*piʔ/ |

### Definitions

髀
* (literary or Cantonese, Hakka) thigh
    雞髀／鸡髀 [Cantonese] ― gai$^1$ bei$^2$ [Jyutping] ― chicken leg
    From: Western Jin, 魯褒, 錢神論
    Gōngzǐ fǔ bì dàxiào yuē: gù zāi zǐ zhī yún yě! [Pinyin]
    The son [of the Sikong] slapped his thigh and burst out laughing, saying: How stubborn, what you said was!
** 1841, Elijah Coleman Bridgman, Chinese Chrestomathy in the Canton Dialect, Macao: S.W. Williams, page 164:
       siu$^1$ joeng$^4$ bei$^2$ jiu$^3$ jung$^6$ sam$^1$ [Jyutping]
       To roast a leg of mutton much care is needed.
* (literary) thighbone

### Compounds

* 周髀
* 周髀算經／周髀算经
* 大腳髀／大脚髀
* 大髀
* 拊髀
* 搏髀
* 撫髀／抚髀 (fǔbì)
* 腳髀／脚髀
* 雞髀／鸡髀
* 髀樞／髀枢
* 髀肉
* 髀肉復生／髀肉复生 (bìròufùshēng)
* 髀骨 (bìgǔ)
* 髀骶

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ひ (hi)、へい (hei)
* Kun: もも (momo)

## Korean
### Hanja

髀 • (bi, pye) (hangeul 비, 폐, revised bi, pye, McCune–Reischauer pi, p'ye, Yale pi, phyey)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.