# 節制
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiézhì
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄓˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zit$^3$ zai$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chiet-chṳ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chiat-chè / chiat-chì
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zag$^4$ zi$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiézhì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄓˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiéjhìh
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^2$-chih$^4$
*** Yale: jyé-jr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyejyh
*** Palladius: цзечжи (czečži)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$截至 節制／节制
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zit$^3$ zai$^3$
*** Yale: jit jai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzit$^8$ dzai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jid$^3$ zei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡siːt̚³ t͡sɐi̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiet-chṳ
*** Hakka Romanization System: jied$^ˋ$ zii
*** Hagfa Pinyim: jiad$^5$ zi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯et̚² t͡sɨ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiat-chè
*** Tâi-lô: tsiat-tsè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciatzex
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ t͡se¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁴ t͡se²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡se⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiat-chì
*** Tâi-lô: tsiat-tsì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ciatcix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɛt̚³²⁻⁵ t͡si²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zag$^4$ zi$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsak tsì
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sak̚²⁻⁴ t͡si²¹³/

### Verb

節制
* to check; to be moderate in; to control; to limit; to abstain
       Tā hējiǔ yǒu jiézhì, bù jìnliàng. [Pinyin]
       He drinks in moderation and doesn't reach his limit.
* to command (an army)
    From: Du You, Tongdian, 766 – 801 CE
    Dàsīmǎ yīrén, jūzhōng, jiézhì zhū jūn. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16th century CE
    Nǐděng jì shòu tā jiézhì, cháng zài tā dòng xià, kězhī tā shì nǎlǐ yāojīng, jiào zuò shénme míngzi? [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: 2015, 黃旭初, 《黃旭初回憶錄：李宗仁、白崇禧與蔣介石的離合》, page 386
    Lù Gàn lǎo (Lù Róngtíng, zì Gànqīng) céng pài Chén Yìbó wéi dàibiǎo dào Guìpíng chuándá yìzhǐ, bō Hán Cǎifèng, Lù Fúxiáng liǎng bù guī wǒ jiézhì, rèn wǒ wéi qiándí zǒng zhǐhuī, lìng wǒ qù shōufù Wúzhōu; bìng yán Jìkuān (zhǐ Huáng Shàohóng) pàn wǒ tóudí, yì jí yīng tǎofá chéngjiè, yǐ sù jūnjì ér jǐng xiàoyóu. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* (check):
* 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
* 主張／主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
* 克制 (kèzhì)
* 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
* 制禦／制御 (zhìyù) (literary)
* 制約／制约 (zhìyuē)
* 君 (jūn) (literary)
* 執掌／执掌 (zhízhǎng)
* 壓制／压制 (yāzhì)
* 壓抑／压抑 (yāyì)
* 局 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 局限 (júxiàn)
* 左右 (zuǒyòu)
* 把
* 抑制 (yìzhì)
* 把持 (bǎchí)
* 把控 (bǎkòng)
* 把攬／把揽 (bǎlǎn)
* 抵制 (dǐzhì)
* 拘束 (jūshù)
* 按 (àn)
* 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
* 控 (literary, or in compounds)
* 控制 (kòngzhì)
* 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
* 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
* 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
* 撥弄／拨弄 (bōnòng)
* 撙節／撙节 (zǔnjié)
* 操控 (cāokòng)
* 操縱／操纵 (cāozòng)
* 擺佈／摆布 (bǎibù)
* 擺治／摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
* 支配 (zhīpèi)
* 收斂／收敛 (shōuliǎn)
* 束 (literary, or in compounds)
* 束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
* 柄 (literary, or in compounds)
* 框 (kuàng)
* 禁錮／禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
* 積壓／积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
* 節撙／节撙 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
* 管制 (guǎnzhì)
* 管束 (guǎnshù)
* 約束／约束 (yuēshù)
* 統御／统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
* 統治／统治 (tǒngzhì)
* 羈束／羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
* 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
* 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
* 鎮／镇 (zhèn)
* 限 (xiàn)
* 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 限制 (xiànzhì)
* 駕／驾 (jià)
* 駕馭／驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)

### Noun

節制
* temperance; self-control; moderation; abstinence
* (tarot) Temperance

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 節 | 制 |
| せつ > せっ Grade: 4 | せい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 節制 (kyūjitai)

### Noun

節(せっ)制(せい) • (sessei)
* temperance; self-control; moderation; abstinence
* (tarot) Temperance

#### Synonyms

* 適度(てきど) (tekido): moderation
* 節酒(せっしゅ) (sesshu): sobriety
* 禁酒(きんしゅ) (kinshu): prohibition, abstinence from alcohol; temperance
* 摂生(せっせい) (sessei): moderation in one's diet

#### Antonyms

* 暴食(ぼうしょく) (bōshoku): gluttony

#### Coordinate terms

* (virtue): 純潔(じゅんけつ) (junketsu, “chastity”), 慈善(じぜん) (jizen, “charity”), 精励(せいれい) (seirei, “diligence”), 忍耐(にんたい) (nintai, “patience”), 親切(しんせつ) (shinsetsu, “kindness”), 謙遜(けんそん) (kenson, “humility”)

### Verb

節(せっ)制(せい)する • (sessei suru) suru (stem 節(せっ)制(せい)し (sessei shi), past 節(せっ)制(せい)した (sessei shita))
* to be moderate; to be temperate

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 節制し | せっせいし | sessei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 節制し | せっせいし | sessei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 節制する | せっせいする | sessei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 節制する | せっせいする | sessei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 節制すれ | せっせいすれ | sessei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 節制せよ¹ 節制しろ² | せっせいせよ¹ せっせいしろ² | sessei seyo¹ sessei shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 節制される | せっせいされる | sessei sareru |
| Causative | 節制させる 節制さす | せっせいさせる せっせいさす | sessei saseru sessei sasu |
| Potential | 節制できる | せっせいできる | sessei dekiru |
| Volitional | 節制しよう | せっせいしよう | sessei shiyō |
| Negative | 節制しない | せっせいしない | sessei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 節制せず | せっせいせず | sessei sezu |
| Formal | 節制します | せっせいします | sessei shimasu |
| Perfective | 節制した | せっせいした | sessei shita |
| Conjunctive | 節制して | せっせいして | sessei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 節制すれば | せっせいすれば | sessei sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### See also

* 節制 on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{ja}$
* Temperance on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 節 | 制 |

### Noun

節制 • (jeolje) (hangeul 절제)
* hanja form of 절제 (“moderation; temperance; self-control”)