# пол
## Belarusian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [poɫ]
* This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

пол • (pol) m inan (genitive по́лу, nominative plural по́лы, genitive plural по́лаў, relational adjective палавы́)
* sex, gender
    мужчы́нскі пол ― mužčýnski pol ― masculine gender
    жано́чы пол ― žanóčy pol ― feminine gender

##### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Noun

пол • (pol) m inan (genitive по́ла, nominative plural палы́, genitive plural пало́ў, diminutive пало́к)
* (archaic) bunk, berth, pallet, plank bed (a fixed built-in bed, designed as a part of a room, train car, prison cell, etc.)
    Synonyms: пала́ткі (palátki), пала́ці (paláci), на́ры (náry)
** 1931 [1921], Jaroslav Hašek, translated by Міхась Зарэцкі, У тыле (Прыгоды ўдалага ваякі Швэйка; 1), Менск: БДВ, translation of Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka za světové války (in Czech), page 91; English translation from Cecil Parrott, transl., The Good Soldier Švejk and His Fortunes in the World War, New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1974, page 96:Памаліўся, значыць, і палез за сваімі клумкамі пад пол. Што і казаць клумкі тамака былі, але худыя, зморшчаныя, як сушаная сьлівіна.Pamaliŭsja, značycʹ, i paljez za svaimi klumkami pad pol. Što i kazacʹ klumki tamaka byli, alje xudyja, zmórščanyja, jak sušanaja sʹlivina.And so this time he prayed and then looked for his knapsacks under his bunk. Yes, the knapsacks were there, but they were dried up and shrunk like dried prunes.(literally, “And so he prayed and reached for his knapsacks under his bunk. Needles to say, the knapsacks were there, but they were shrunk and wrinkled like a dried plum.”)
** 1994, Віктар Цітоў, Народная спадчына: матэрыяльная культура ў лакальна-тыпалагічнай разнастайнасці, Мінск: Навука і тэхніка, →ISBN, page 99:Частку памяшкання ад тарцовай (кутняй) сцяны займаў спальны памост — пол, тут ляжалі напханы сенам ці саломай сяннік, падушкі, посцілкі, часам памост падзяляўся на дзве часткі ўзорным тканым полагам.Častku pamjaškannja ad tarcóvaj (kutnjaj) scjany zajmaŭ spalʹny pamóst — pol, tut ljažali napxany sjenam ci salómaj sjannik, paduški, póscilki, časam pamóst padzjaljaŭsja na dzvje častki ŭzórnym tkanym pólaham.A part of the room adjacent to (the corner of) the shorter wall was occupied by a fixture for sleeping — a bunk. A mattress stuffed with hay or straw, pillows and bedding laid there. Sometimes this construct was divided into two parts by a decorated woven screen.

##### Declension

$^1$Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

### References

* “пол” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
* “пол”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)

## Bulgarian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɔɫ]

### Etymology 1

From Old Church Slavonic полъ (polŭ), from Proto-Slavic *polъ. Cognates include Belarusian пол (pol), Russian пол (pol), Macedonian пол (pol), Serbo-Croatian по̑л, Polish pół.

#### Noun

пол • (pol) m
* sex, gender
* (archaic) a half

##### Derived terms

* по́лов (pólov)
* по́ловост (pólovost)
* безпо́лов (bezpólov)
* безпо́ловост (bezpólovost)
* двупо́лов (dvupólov)

#### Numeral

пол • (pol)
* half

### Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *pólъ.

#### Noun

пол • (pol) m
* (archaic) floor, ground

##### Declension
### Etymology 3

Likely from Romanian pol (“napoleon (gold coin)”), in turn likely a loan of Russian пол (pol, “half”).

#### Noun

пол • (pol) m
* (archaic) napoleon (20-franc gold coin)
    Synonym: жълти́ца (žǎltíca)

##### Declension
### References

* “пол”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “пол”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

## Macedonian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [pɔɫ]
* Homophone: Пол (Pol)

### Noun

пол • (pol) m (relational adjective полов)
* sex (colloquially/imprecisely, also "gender")

### Noun

пол • (pol) m (relational adjective поларен)
* pole (Earth)

#### Declension
## Russian
### Alternative forms

* полъ (pol) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [poɫ]
* Audio:(file)

### Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic полъ (polŭ), from Proto-Slavic *polъ.

#### Noun

пол • (pol) m inan (genitive по́ла, nominative plural полы́, genitive plural поло́в, relational adjective полово́й, diminutive по́лик)
* floor (bottom part of a room)
    па́дать на́ пол ― pádatʹ ná pol ― to fall to the floor

##### Derived terms

* полови́ца (polovíca)
* полотёр (polotjór)

##### Descendants

* → Armenian: պոլ (pol)
* → Georgian: პოლი (ṗoli)
* → Mingrelian: პოლი (ṗoli)
* → Ter Sami: пыэлл (pïell)

### Etymology 2

Related to пол- (pol-, “half”), from Old East Slavic полъ (polŭ), from Proto-Slavic *polъ.

#### Noun

пол • (pol) m inan (genitive по́ла, nominative plural по́лы, genitive plural поло́в, relational adjective полово́й)
* half
    пол уче́бного го́да ― pol učébnovo góda ― half an academic year
* sex, gender
    же́нского по́ла ― žénskovo póla ― female
    мужско́го по́ла ― mužskóvo póla ― male
    обо́его по́ла ― obójevo póla ― both sexes
    прекра́сный пол ― prekrásnyj pol ― the fairer sex

##### See also

* род (rod)
* секс (sɛks)

### Etymology 3
#### Adjective

пол • (pol)
* short masculine singular of по́лый (pólyj)

### Etymology 4
#### Noun

пол • (pol) f inan pl
* genitive plural of пола́ (polá)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek πόλος (pólos).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pôːl/

#### Noun

по̑л m (Latin spelling pȏl)
* pole (magnetic, positive, negative etc.)

##### Derived terms

* поларни

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* спо̑л (Croatia)

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pôːl/

#### Noun

по̑л m (Latin spelling pȏl)
* (Bosnia, Serbia) sex (kind of an organism as determined by its reproductive organs)
* (Bosnia, Serbia) gender

##### Derived terms

* полни

### Etymology 3

From по̏ла.

#### Alternative forms

* по̑

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pôːl/

#### Particle

по̑л (Latin spelling pȏl)
* half
    сат и по(л) — an hour and a half
    три и по м(ј)есеца — three and a half months