# 道不拾遺
## Chinese

| | | direction; way; methoddirection; way; method; road; path; principle; truth; reason; skill; Tao (of Taoism); a measure word; to say; to speak; to talk | not; no | pick up; ten (fraud-proof) | to lose; to leave behind |
| trad. (道不拾遺) | trad. (道不拾遺) | 道 | 不 | 拾 | 遺 |
| simp. (道不拾遗) | simp. (道不拾遗) | 道 | 不 | 拾 | 遗 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): dàobùshíyí
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄕˊ ㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dou$^6$ bat$^1$ sap$^6$ wai$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: dàobùshíyí
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄕˊ ㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dàobùshíhyí
*** Wade–Giles: tao$^4$-pu$^4$-shih$^2$-i$^2$
*** Yale: dàu-bù-shŕ-yí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dawbushyryi
*** Palladius: даобушии (daobušii)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ i³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dou$^6$ bat$^1$ sap$^6$ wai$^4$
*** Yale: douh bāt sahp wàih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dou$^6$ bat$^7$ sap$^9$ wai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: dou$^6$ bed$^1$ seb$^6$ wei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /tou̯²² pɐt̚⁵ sɐp̚² wɐi̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: dawX pjuw|pjuwX|pjut dzyip ywij
Rime :
| Character | 道 | 不 | 不 | 不 | 拾 | 遺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 常 (25) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 豪 (89) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) | 物 (60) | 緝 (141) | 脂 (16) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Closed | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | III | III | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 徒晧切 | 甫鳩切 | 方久切 | 分勿切 | 是執切 | 以追切 |
| Baxter | dawX | pjuw | pjuwX | pjut | dzyip | ywij |
| Reconstructions |||||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /dɑu$^X$/ | /pɨu/ | /pɨu$^X$/ | /pɨut̚/ | /d͡ʑiɪp̚/ | /jiuɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /dɑu$^X$/ | /piu/ | /piu$^X$/ | /piut̚/ | /d͡ʑip̚/ | /jʷi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /dɑu$^X$/ | /piəu/ | /piəu$^X$/ | /piuət̚/ | /d͡ʑjep̚/ | /juɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /daw$^X$/ | /puw/ | /puw$^X$/ | /put̚/ | /d͡ʑip̚/ | /jwi/ |
| Li Rong | /dɑu$^X$/ | /piu/ | /piu$^X$/ | /piuət̚/ | /ʑiəp̚/ | /ui/ |
| Wang Li | /dɑu$^X$/ | /pĭəu/ | /pĭəu$^X$/ | /pĭuət̚/ | /ʑĭĕp̚/ | /jwi/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /dʱɑu$^X$/ | /pi̯ə̯u/ | /pi̯ə̯u$^X$/ | /pi̯uət̚/ | /ʑi̯əp̚/ | /wi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | dào | fōu | fǒu | fu | shí | wéi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dou$^6$ | fau$^1$ | fau$^2$ | fat$^1$ | sap$^6$ | wai$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kə.l]ˤuʔ pə [d][ə]p [ɢ](r)uj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l'uːʔ pɯ|pɯʔ|pɯ' ɡjub lul/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 道 | 不 | 拾 | 遺 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dào | bù | shí | yí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ daw$^X$ › | ‹ pjuw › | ‹ dzyip › | ‹ ywij › |
| Old Chinese | /*[kə.l]ˁuʔ/ | /*pə/ | /*[d][ə]p/ | /*[ɢ](r)uj/ |
| English | way | not | pick up, gather | leave; reject |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 道 | 不 | 不 | 不 | 拾 | 遺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 11669 | 1025 | 1029 | 1048 | 5001 | 4741 |
| Phonetic component | 首 | 不 | 不 | 不 | 合 | 貴 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 之 | 之 | 物 | 緝 | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 道 | 不 | 缶 | 弗 | 十 | 惟 |
| Old Chinese | /*l'uːʔ/ | /*pɯ/ | /*pɯʔ/ | /*pɯ'/ | /*ɡjub/ | /*lul/ |
| Notes | | | 象花柎與本同源 | 中古才促化 | | |

### Idiom

道不拾遺
* Synonym of 路不拾遺／路不拾遗 (lùbùshíyí, “no one pockets lost property on the road”)
    From: 1927, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《湖南農民運動考察報告》 (Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition
    Yǒuxiē dìfāng zhēngè dàobùshíyí, yèbùbìhù. [Pinyin]
    In some places it is literally true that people do not take any articles left by the wayside and that doors are not bolted at night.