# 瓜子
## Chinese
### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guāzǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚ ㄗˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gwaa$^1$ zi$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ga$^1$ du$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kôa-chṳ́
* Jin (Wiktionary): gua$^1$ zi$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): guă-cī
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): koe-chí / ke-chí / koa-chí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): guê$^1$ zi$^2$
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gua$^1$ zr$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guāzǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚ ㄗˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guazǐh
*** Wade–Giles: kua$^1$-tzŭ$^3$
*** Yale: gwā-dž
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guatzyy
*** Palladius: гуацзы (guaczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ä⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guāzǐr
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚ ㄗˇㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guazǐhr
*** Wade–Giles: kua$^1$-tzŭ$^3$-ʼrh
*** Yale: gwā-dzǐr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guatzeel
*** Palladius: гуацзыр (guaczyr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ä⁵⁵ t͡sz̩ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwaa$^1$ zi$^2$
*** Yale: gwā jí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwaa$^1$ dzi$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gua$^1$ ji$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷaː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ga$^1$ du$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ka³³ tu⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kôa-chṳ́
*** Hakka Romanization System: gua$^ˊ$ zii$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gua$^1$ zi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /ku̯a²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: gua$^1$ zi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /kua¹¹ t͡sz̩⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: guă-cī
*** Sinological IPA : /kua⁵⁵⁻⁵³ $^{(t͡s-)}$ʒi³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koe-chí
*** Tâi-lô: kue-tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koecie
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kue³³ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kue⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kue⁴⁴⁻²² t͡si⁵³/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke-chí
*** Tâi-lô: ke-tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kecie
*** IPA (Taipei): /ke⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ke⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡si⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Penang)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koa-chí
*** Tâi-lô: kua-tsí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koacie
*** IPA (Penang): /kua³³⁻²¹ t͡si⁴⁴⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: guê$^1$ zi$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kue tsí
*** Sinological IPA : /kue³³⁻²³ t͡si⁵²/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: gua$^1$ zr$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯a̠³³ t͡sz̩⁴¹/

#### Noun

瓜子
* melon seed (Classifier: 粒 m; 顆／颗 m)
* any edible seed consumed as a snack, e.g. watermelon seeds, pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, etc. (Classifier: 粒 m; 顆／颗 m)
    嗑瓜子 ― kè guāzǐ ― to eat melon seeds
* (specifically) sunflower seed

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 瓜子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 瓜子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 瓜子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 瓜子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 瓜子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 瓜子兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 瓜子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 瓜子兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 瓜子子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 瓜子 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 瓜子兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 瓜子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 瓜子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 瓜子子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 瓜子 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 瓜子 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 瓜子 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 瓜子 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 瓜仁 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 瓜子 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 瓜子 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 瓜子 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 瓜子 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 瓜子 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 瓜子 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 瓜子, 瓜仁 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 瓜子, 瓜仁 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 瓜子, 瓜仁 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 瓜子, 瓜仁 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 瓜子, 瓜仁 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 瓜子 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 瓜子 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 瓜仔 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 瓜子 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 瓜子 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 瓜子 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 瓜子 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 瓜子 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 瓜子 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 瓜子 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 瓜子 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 瓜子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 瓜子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 瓜子 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 瓜子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 瓜子 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 瓜子 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 瓜子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 瓜子 |
* (sunflower seed):
* 向日葵子 (xiàngrìkuízǐ)
* 天葵子 (tiānkuízǐ)
* 摩登瓜子 (mo$^1$ dang$^1$ gwaa$^1$ zi$^2$) (Cantonese)
* 望日葵子 (wàngrìkuízǐ)
* 葵瓜子 (kuíguāzǐ)
* 葵花籽 (kuíhuāzǐ)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 葵花籽 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 瓜子兒, 轉蒂蓮子兒, 葵花籽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 葵花籽 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 葵花籽兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 葵花籽兒, 毛子嗑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 瓜子兒, 毛嗑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 葵花籽兒, 葵瓜子兒, 瓜子兒, 毛子嗑兒, 毛嗑兒, 斜麼子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒, 毛子嗑, 毛嗑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 瓜子兒, 毛嗑 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 瓜子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 葵花籽兒, 毛嗑兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 瓜子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 瓜子兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 葵花籽兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 葵花籽兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 葵瓜子兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 葵花籽兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 葵花籽兒 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 毛嗑兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒, 毛嗑兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 瓜子兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 轉日蓮種兒, 轉家蓮種兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 朝陽花瓜種兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 葵花兒籽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 葵花籽 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 葵花籽兒, 照照葵子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 葵花籽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子子兒, 盤子子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 葵花籽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 葵花籽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 葵花籽兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 葵花籽, 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 向日葵子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 轉蓮子兒, 葵花籽兒, 葵花, 瓜子兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 葵花籽兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 向陽黃籽籽, 葵花籽, 葵花籽兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 葵花籽兒, 葵花籽 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 葵花籽兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 葵花籽, 向兒葵 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 葵瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 葵花籽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 葵瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 葵瓜子, 葵花籽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 葵花籽, 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 葵花籽, 瓜子兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 葵花籽, 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 葵花籽, 葵花 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 葵花籽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 葵花籽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 葵花籽, 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 葵花籽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 葵花籽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 瓜子兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 葵瓜子, 朝陽瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 葵瓜子, 葵花籽, 瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 葵花籽 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 葵瓜子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 葵花籽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 葵花籽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 葵花籽子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 葵花籽, 望葵 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 望葵 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 葵花籽兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 葵花籽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 葵花籽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 葵花籽 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 葵花籽, 瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 葵瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 摩登瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 葵瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 葵瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 葵瓜子 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 葵花籽 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 葵瓜子 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 葵花籽 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 葵花籽 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 葵花籽 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 葵花籽 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 照日亮瓜子 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 葵瓜子 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 葵花籽 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 葵花籽 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 瓜子, 葵花瓜子, 葵花籽籽, 葵花籽 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 葵花籽兒 |
| Jin | Datong | 葵花籽兒 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 葵花花, 麻煩子兒, 葵花籽兒 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 葵花籽兒 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 望月花子子 |
| Jin | Linhe | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Jin | Jining | 葵花籽 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 瓜子兒 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 瓜子兒 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 朝陽花子兒 |
| Jin | Handan | 葵花籽兒, 瓜子兒 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 轉子蓮子兒 |
| Jin | Suide | 葵花籽兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 日頭陽子 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 向日葵子, 葵花籽 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 葵花籽 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 葵籽 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 葵瓜子 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 葵瓜子 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 葵花籽 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 香瓜子 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 朝日頭瓜子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 香瓜子 |
| Wu | Danyang | 葵花籽 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 香瓜子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 香瓜子 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 太陽佛花子 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 香瓜子 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 葵花籽 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 向陽花籽 |

##### Derived terms

* 嗑瓜子
* 摩登瓜子
* 瓜子不大是人心
* 瓜子仁
* 瓜子口面
* 瓜子殼／瓜子壳
* 瓜子臉／瓜子脸 (guāzǐliǎn)
* 瓜子菜
* 瓜子金
* 瓜子面
* 白瓜子 (báiguāzǐ)
* 葵瓜子 (kuíguāzǐ)
* 藍瓜子／蓝瓜子

##### Descendants

* → Burmese: ကွာစေ့ (kwace.)
* → Indonesian: kuaci
* → Macanese: quachí
* → Thai: กวยจี๊ (guai-jíi) (snack)

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guāzi
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚ ˙ㄗ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guāzi
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚ ˙ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guazi̊h
*** Wade–Giles: kua$^1$-tzŭ$^5$
*** Yale: gwā-dz
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gua.tzy
*** Palladius: гуацзы (guaczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ä⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

#### Noun

瓜子
* (obsolete, colloquial) strike with two fingers on someone's arm as a punishment
* (obsolete or Central Plains and Lanyin Mandarin) stupid person; idiot
* (in compounds) A diminutive suffix for a round object, especially the head or the brain.

##### Derived terms

* 打瓜子
* 腦瓜子／脑瓜子 (nǎoguāzi)
* 腦袋瓜子／脑袋瓜子
* 鄉瓜子／乡瓜子