# икра
## Macedonian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьkrā, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ikrā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *yékʷr̥.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈikra]
* Hyphenation: ик‧ра

### Noun

икра • (ikra) f (plural икри)
* roe (fish eggs)
* caviar
* (usually in the plural) calf of the leg, (musculus gastrocnemius) gastrocnemius muscle

#### See also

* риба f (riba)

### References

* “икра” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

## Old Ruthenian
### Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic икра́ (ikrá), from Proto-Slavic *jьkrà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ikrāˀ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Hyékʷr̥, from *Hyekʷ-. Cognate with Russian икра́ (ikrá), Old Church Slavonic икра (ikra).

### Noun

икра • (ikra) f inan
* caviar, roe

#### Descendants

* Belarusian: ікра́ (ikrá, “caviar, roe”)
* Carpathian Rusyn: икра́ (ykrá, “caviar, roe”)
* Ukrainian: ікра́ (ikrá, “caviar, roe; cow udder”)
** ⇒ Ukrainian: ікри́ця f (ikrýcja, “caviar, roe”) (obsolete, dialectal)
** ⇒ Ukrainian: гыкра́к m (hykrák, “fish with roe”) (West Polesian dialect)
** ⇒ Ukrainian: кри́ц’а f (krýcʺa, “hard oily clay; cast iron”) (Boyko dialect)

### Further reading

* Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1977), “*икра”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – М), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 430
* Voitiv, H. V., editor (2006), “икра”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 13 (и – іюнь), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 99
* Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1996), “икра”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 14 (игде – катуючий), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, →ISBN, page 86
* Tymchenko, E. K. (2002) “икра”, in Nimchuk, V. V., editor, Матеріали до словника писемної та книжної української мови XV–XVIII ст. [Materials for the Dictionary of the Written and Book Ukrainian Language of 15ᵗʰ–18ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1 (А – Н), Kyiv, New York: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., →ISBN, page 347

## Russian
### Etymology

From Old East Slavic икра (ikra), from Proto-Slavic *jьkrā, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ikrā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *yékʷr̥. Compare the semantic development of English roe; however, this is not an etymological cognate.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɪˈkra]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

икра́ • (ikrá) f inan (genitive икры́, nominative plural и́кры, genitive plural икр)
* (only singular) roe, spawn (of fish), also small eggs of frogs or other amphibia
    мета́ть икру́ ― metátʹ ikrú ― to spawn
* (only singular) caviar (as food)
    зерни́стая икра́ ― zernístaja ikrá ― soft caviar
    ке́товая икра́ ― kétovaja ikrá ― red caviar, ikra
    у́стричная икра́ ― ústričnaja ikrá ― spat
* (figuratively, only singular) paste (dish of mushrooms or vegetables minced into small particles)
    баклажа́нная икра́ ― baklažánnaja ikrá ― aubergine paste
    кабачко́вая икра́ ― kabačkóvaja ikrá ― marrow paste
    грибна́я икра́ ― gribnája ikrá ― mushroom paste
* (usually in the plural) calf of the leg, (musculus gastrocnemius) gastrocnemius muscle
    игра́ть и́крамиigrátʹ íkramito repeatedly quickly tense and relax the calves of the legs(literally, “to play with the calves”)
** 1906, Александр Куприн [Aleksandr I. Kuprin], “5”, in Штабс-капитан Рыбников; English translation from John Middleton Murry, transl., Captain Ribnikov, 1916:Он, не отрыва́ясь, гляде́л на её́ больши́е, но краси́вые но́ги с по́лными и́крами, кото́рые ло́вко обтя́гивали чё́рные ажу́рные чулки́.On, ne otryvájasʹ, gljadél na jejó bolʹšíje, no krasívyje nógi s pólnymi íkrami, kotóryje lóvko obtjágivali čórnyje ažúrnyje čulkí.He could not tear his eyes from her big, handsome legs and plump calves, which her black, transparent stockings so closely fitted.
* (obsolete) drifting ice floe (especially on a river)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: イクラ (ikura, “salmon roe”)
** → Indonesian: ikura
* → Korean: 이크라 (ikeura)

### References

* ↑ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “504”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 504, partial translation

## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьkra, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ikrā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *yékʷr̥.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /îkra/
* Hyphenation: и‧кра

### Noun

и̏кра f (Latin spelling ȉkra)
* (uncountable) roe (fish)
* (uncountable) caviar