OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 砍柴
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kǎnchái
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄢˇ ㄔㄞˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ham$^2$ caai$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kǎnchái
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄢˇ ㄔㄞˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kǎnchái
*** Wade–Giles: kʻan$^3$-chʻai$^2$
*** Yale: kǎn-chái
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaanchair
*** Palladius: каньчай (kanʹčaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰaɪ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ham$^2$ caai$^4$
*** Yale: hám chàaih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ham$^2$ tsaai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hem$^2$ cai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐm³⁵ t͡sʰaːi̯²¹/

### Verb

砍⫽柴 (verb-object)
* to chop firewood

#### Synonyms

* 打柴 (dǎchái)
* 劈柴 (pīchái)
* (Hokkien) 剉柴, 破柴
# 私共
## Japanese
### Pronunciation 1

Kanji in this term :
| 私 | 共 |
| わたくし Grade: 6 | とも > ども Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spellings
* 私ども わたくし共
* IPA: [β̞a̠ta̠kɯ̟̊ɕido̞mo̞]

#### Pronoun

私(わたくし)共(ども) • (watakushidomo)
* (humble) we

### Pronunciation 2

Kanji in this term :
| 私 | 共 |
| わたし Grade: 6 | とも > ども Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spellings
* 私ども わたし共
* IPA: [β̞a̠ta̠ɕido̞mo̞]

#### Pronoun

私(わたし)共(ども) • (watashidomo)
* we
# 私傢
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 私傢 – see 私家 (“private; not open to public; private residence; etc.”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 私家).
# 福德祠
## Chinese

* 福德祠

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fúdécí
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄘˊ
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hok-tek-sû
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fúdécí
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄘˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fúdécíh
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^2$-tê$^2$-tzʻŭ$^2$
*** Yale: fú-dé-tsź
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwudertsyr
*** Palladius: фудэцы (fudɛcy)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu³⁵ tɤ³⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok-tek-sû
*** Tâi-lô: hok-tik-sû
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hokdeksuu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su²⁴/

### Noun

福德祠
* Tudigong temple

#### Synonyms

* 土地廟／土地庙 (tǔdìmiào)
* 福德廟／福德庙
# 福斯汽车
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 福斯汽车 – see 福斯汽車 (“Volkswagen”). (This term is the simplified form of 福斯汽車).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 紅頂子
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hóngdǐngzi
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ˙ㄗ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hóngdǐngzi
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ˙ㄗ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hóngdǐngzi̊h
*** Wade–Giles: hung$^2$-ting$^3$-tzŭ$^5$
*** Yale: húng-dǐng-dz
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horngdiing.tzy
*** Palladius: хундинцзы (xundinczy)
*** Sinological IPA : /xʊŋ³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴ d͡z̥z̩⁴/

### Noun

紅頂子
* (historical) red knob, made of ruby or coral, that tops the hat of a high official in the Qing dynasty; (figuratively) high official
# 紅領巾
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hónglǐngjīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hung$^4$ leng$^5$ gan$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): âng-niá-kun / âng-niá-kin
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hónglǐngjīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hónglǐngjin
*** Wade–Giles: hung$^2$-ling$^3$-chin$^1$
*** Yale: húng-lǐng-jīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: horngliingjin
*** Palladius: хунлинцзинь (xunlinczinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xʊŋ³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hung$^4$ leng$^5$ gan$^1$
*** Yale: hùhng léhng gān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hung$^4$ leng$^5$ gan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hung$^4$ léng$^5$ gen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hʊŋ²¹ lɛːŋ¹³ kɐn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âng-niá-kun
*** Tâi-lô: âng-niá-kun
*** Phofsit Daibuun: angniafkwn
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /aŋ²⁴⁻²² niã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kun³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /aŋ²⁴⁻²² niã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kun⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âng-niá-kin
*** Tâi-lô: âng-niá-kin
*** Phofsit Daibuun: angniafkyn
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /aŋ¹³⁻²² niã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kin⁴⁴/

### Noun

紅領巾
* (communism) red scarf (as worn by young pioneers)
* (communism, metonymically) young pioneer
** 1954, “讓我們盪起雙槳”, 喬羽 (lyrics), 劉熾 (music):
       hónglǐngjīn yíngzhe tàiyáng [Pinyin]
       young pioneers greet the sun
# 空気清浄機
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 空 | 気 | 清 | 浄 | 機 |
| くう Grade: 1 | き Grade: 1 | せい Grade: 4 | じょう Grade: S | き Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi |||||
* Alternative spelling
* 空氣淸淨機 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kɯ̟ːkʲi se̞ːʑo̞ːkʲi]

### Noun

空(くう)気(き)清(せい)浄(じょう)機(き) • (kūki seijōki)
* air purifier
# 秧鷄
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 秧鷄 – see 秧雞 (“water rail”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 秧雞).
# 紙夾仔
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chóa-giap-á
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chóa-giap-á
*** Tâi-lô: tsuá-giap-á
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zoafgiap'ar
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡiap̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sua⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡiap̚³²⁻⁴ a⁴¹/

### Noun

紙夾仔
* (Taiwanese Hokkien) paper clip

#### Synonyms

* 曲別針／曲别针 (qūbiézhēn)
* 萬字夾／万字夹 (wànzìjiā)
* 紙夾／纸夹 (zhǐjiā)
* 迴形針／回形针 (huíxíngzhēn)
* 迴紋針／回纹针 (huíwénzhēn)
# 等額選舉
## Chinese

| | | | to elect; to nominate for an official post |
| trad. (等額選舉) | trad. (等額選舉) | 等額 | 選舉 |
| simp. (等额选举) | simp. (等额选举) | 等额 | 选举 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): děng'é xuǎnjǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄥˇ ㄜˊ ㄒㄩㄢˇ ㄐㄩˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: děng'é xuǎnjǔ [Phonetic: děngéxuánjǔ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄥˇ ㄜˊ ㄒㄩㄢˇ ㄐㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: děng-é syuǎnjyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: têng$^3$-o$^2$ hsüan$^3$-chü$^3$
*** Yale: děng-é sywǎn-jyǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: deenger sheuanjeu
*** Palladius: дэнъэ сюаньцзюй (dɛnʺe sjuanʹczjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤ³⁵ ɕy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

等額選舉
* uncontested election

#### Antonyms

* 差額選舉／差额选举 (chā'é xuǎnjǔ)
# 窘境
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiǒngjìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kwan$^3$ ging$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khún-kéng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiǒngjìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyǒngjìng
*** Wade–Giles: chiung$^3$-ching$^4$
*** Yale: jyǔng-jìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeongjinq
*** Palladius: цзюнцзин (czjunczin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kwan$^3$ ging$^2$
*** Yale: kwan gíng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kwan$^3$ ging$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kuen$^3$ ging$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷʰɐn³³ kɪŋ³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khún-kéng
*** Tâi-lô: khún-kíng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qwnkeang
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kiɪŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kʰun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪŋ⁵³/

### Noun

窘境
* awkward situation; predicament
# 窘態
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiǒngtài
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄥˇ ㄊㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kwan$^3$ taai$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiǒngtài
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄥˇ ㄊㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyǒngtài
*** Wade–Giles: chiung$^3$-tʻai$^4$
*** Yale: jyǔng-tài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeongtay
*** Palladius: цзюнтай (czjuntaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kwan$^3$ taai$^3$
*** Yale: kwan taai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kwan$^3$ taai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kuen$^3$ tai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷʰɐn³³ tʰaːi̯³³/

### Noun

窘態
* embarrassed look

#### See also

* 囧態／囧态 (jiǒngtài)
# 窚

| 窚 | U+7A9A, &#31386; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A9A |
| ← 窙 [U+7A99] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 窛 → [U+7A9B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

窚 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 十金戈竹尸 (JCIHS), composition ⿱穴成)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 866, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25522
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2728, character 11
* Unihan data for U+7A9A

## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chéng (cheng$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sing$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chéng
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chéng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻêng$^2$
*** Yale: chéng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherng
*** Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sing$^4$
*** Yale: sìhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sing$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xing$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪŋ²¹/

### Definitions

窚
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
# 紅雞
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): âng-koe
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âng-koe
*** Tâi-lô: âng-kue
*** Phofsit Daibuun: angkoef
*** IPA (Singapore): /aŋ²⁴⁻²¹ kue⁴⁴/

### Noun

紅雞
* (Singapore Hokkien) Fish from the genus Lutjanus that are red in colour
# 箱籠
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiānglǒng, xiānglóng
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ ㄌㄨㄥˇ, ㄒㄧㄤ ㄌㄨㄥˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng$^1$ lung$^5$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siuⁿ-láng / sioⁿ-láng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiānglǒng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ ㄌㄨㄥˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sianglǒng
*** Wade–Giles: hsiang$^1$-lung$^3$
*** Yale: syāng-lǔng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiangloong
*** Palladius: сянлун (sjanlun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiānglóng
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ ㄌㄨㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sianglóng
*** Wade–Giles: hsiang$^1$-lung$^2$
*** Yale: syāng-lúng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianglong
*** Palladius: сянлун (sjanlun)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^1$ lung$^5$
*** Yale: sēung lúhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^1$ lung$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^1$ lung$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siuⁿ-láng
*** Tâi-lô: siunn-láng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sviularng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siũ³³ laŋ⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siũ⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siũ⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siũ⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sioⁿ-láng
*** Tâi-lô: sionn-láng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: svioilarng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ⁵³/

### Noun

箱籠
* luggage; baggage
# 素食主義者
## Chinese

| | | vegetarianism | ‑ist, ‑er (person); person (who does something) |
| trad. (素食主義者) | trad. (素食主義者) | 素食主義 | 者 |
| simp. (素食主义者) | simp. (素食主义者) | 素食主义 | 者 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sùshízhǔyìzhě
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨˋ ㄕˊ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ ㄓㄜˇ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sùshízhǔyìzhě
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ ㄕˊ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ ㄓㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sùshíhjhǔyìjhě
*** Wade–Giles: su$^4$-shih$^2$-chu$^3$-i$^4$-chê$^3$
*** Yale: sù-shŕ-jǔ-yì-jě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suhshyrjuuyihjee
*** Palladius: сушичжуичжэ (sušičžuičžɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /su⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

### Noun

素食主義者
* vegetarian
# 純平
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 純 | 平 |
| じゅん Grade: 6 | へい > ぺい Grade: 3 |

### Proper noun

純(じゅん)平(ぺい) • (Junpei)
* a male given name
# 純屬
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chúnshǔ
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): seon$^4$ suk$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chúnshǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chúnshǔ
*** Wade–Giles: chʻun$^2$-shu$^3$
*** Yale: chwún-shǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwenshuu
*** Palladius: чуньшу (čunʹšu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: seon$^4$ suk$^6$
*** Yale: sèuhn suhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soen$^4$ suk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sên$^4$ sug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɵn²¹ sʊk̚²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$純屬／纯属 純熟／纯熟

### Verb

純屬
* to belong completely to; to be completely
    純屬虛構／纯属虚构 ― chúnshǔ xūgòu ― to be a pure fabrication
       Rú yǒu léitóng, chúnshǔ qiǎohé. [Pinyin]
       Any resemblance to actual individuals or events is purely coincidental.

#### Synonyms

* 屬於／属于 (shǔyú)
* 歸屬／归属 (guīshǔ)
* 歸於／归于 (guīyú)
* 系 (xì)
# 編盲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): biānmáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄢ ㄇㄤˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biānmáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄢ ㄇㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bianmáng
*** Wade–Giles: pien$^1$-mang$^2$
*** Yale: byān-máng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bianmang
*** Palladius: бяньман (bjanʹman)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ɛn⁵⁵ mɑŋ³⁵/

### Verb

編盲
* (sciences) to arrange the blinding code
# 絞り出す
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 絞 | 出 |
| しぼ Grade: S | だ Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||

### Alternative forms

* 搾り出す

### Verb

絞(しぼ)り出(だ)す • (shiboridasu) transitive godan (stem 絞(しぼ)り出(だ)し (shiboridashi), past 絞(しぼ)り出(だ)した (shiboridashita))
* squeeze out
* force out a whisper
* rack one's brains

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 絞り出さ | しぼりださ | shiboridasa |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 絞り出し | しぼりだし | shiboridashi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 絞り出す | しぼりだす | shiboridasu |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 絞り出す | しぼりだす | shiboridasu |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 絞り出せ | しぼりだせ | shiboridase |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 絞り出せ | しぼりだせ | shiboridase |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 絞り出される | しぼりだされる | shiboridasareru |
| Causative | 絞り出させる 絞り出さす | しぼりださせる しぼりださす | shiboridasaseru shiboridasasu |
| Potential | 絞り出せる | しぼりだせる | shiboridaseru |
| Volitional | 絞り出そう | しぼりだそう | shiboridasō |
| Negative | 絞り出さない | しぼりださない | shiboridasanai |
| Negative continuative | 絞り出さず | しぼりださず | shiboridasazu |
| Formal | 絞り出します | しぼりだします | shiboridashimasu |
| Perfective | 絞り出した | しぼりだした | shiboridashita |
| Conjunctive | 絞り出して | しぼりだして | shiboridashite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 絞り出せば | しぼりだせば | shiboridaseba |
# 精細化
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīngxìhuà
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ ㄒㄧˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīngxìhuà
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄒㄧˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jingsìhuà
*** Wade–Giles: ching$^1$-hsi$^4$-hua$^4$
*** Yale: jīng-syì-hwà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingshihhuah
*** Palladius: цзинсихуа (czinsixua)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

### Verb

精細化
* to refine; to elaborate; to streamline
# 缠脚
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 缠脚 – see 纏腳 (“to bind one's feet”). (This term is the simplified form of 纏腳).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 結構式
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiégòushì
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄡˋ ㄕˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiégòushì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄡˋ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiégòushìh
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^2$-kou$^4$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: jyé-gòu-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyegowshyh
*** Palladius: цзегоуши (czegouši)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ koʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

### Noun

結構式
* (chemistry) structural formula
# 絡みつく
## Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of 絡みつく – see the following entry. :
| 【絡からみ付つく】 | [verb] twine around [verb] to pester; to hassle |
(This term, 絡みつく, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :
# 絡石藤
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): luòshíténg
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄕˊ ㄊㄥˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: luòshíténg
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄕˊ ㄊㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: luòshíhténg
*** Wade–Giles: lo$^4$-shih$^2$-tʻêng$^2$
*** Yale: lwò-shŕ-téng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luohshyrterng
*** Palladius: лошитэн (lošitɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰɤŋ³⁵/

### Noun

絡石藤
* stem of star jasmine (Trachelospermum jasminoides) (An herb used in traditional Chinese medicine to remove "wind" and reduce "heat".)

#### See also

* 祛风药 (qūfēng yào)
* 药材 (yàocái)

### References

* 絡石藤／络石藤 on the Chinese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{zh}$
* http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200021237
# 絵実子
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 絵 | 実 | 子 |
| え Grade: 2 | み Grade: 3 | こ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | kun'yomi | kun'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 繪實子 (kyūjitai)

### Proper noun

絵(え)実(み)子(こ) • (Emiko)
* a female given name
# 维尔日妮
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 维尔日妮 – see 維爾日妮. (This term is the simplified form of 維爾日妮).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 肉莊
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$gnioq-tsaon
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$gnioq-tsaon
*** MiniDict: nyoh$^入$ tsaon
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$nyioq-tsaan
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲioʔ¹¹ t͡sɑ̃²³/

### Noun

肉莊
* (Wu, dated) butchershop

#### Synonyms

* 肉店 (ròudiàn)
* 肉鋪／肉铺 (ròupù)
* (Hokkien) 豬砧／猪砧, 肉砧
# 緊急発進
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 緊 | 急 | 発 | 進 |
| きん Grade: S | きゅう Grade: 3 | はつ > はっ Grade: 3 | しん Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||||
* Alternative spelling
* 緊急發進 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きんきゅうはっしん [kìńkyúú wáꜜsshìǹ] (Nakadaka – [5])
* IPA: [kʲĩŋʲkʲɨː ha̠ɕːĩɴ]

### Noun

緊(きん)急(きゅう)発(はっ)進(しん) • (kinkyū hasshin)
* (military aviation) scramble (emergency defensive air force mission to intercept attacking enemy aircraft)
    Synonym: スクランブル (sukuranburu)
** 2022 April 15, “昨年度の空自緊急発進1004回　中国機が大幅増 [JASDF Scrambled for 1004 Times Last Year, With Chinese Aircraft Surged]”, in Sankei Shimbun‎:
    防(ぼう)空(くう)識(しき)別(べつ)圏(けん)は領(りょう)空(くう)侵(しん)犯(ぱん)に備(そな)えるために領(りょう)空(くう)外(そと)側(がわ)に設(もう)けられた空(くう)域(いき)で、戦(せん)闘(とう)機(き)による緊(きん)急(きゅう)発(はっ)進(しん)の基(き)準(じゅん)となる。
       Bōkū shikibetsu ken wa ryōkūshinpan ni sonaeru tame ni ryōkū sotogawa ni mōke ra re ta kūiki de, sentōki niyoru kinkyū hasshin no kijun to naru.
       The air defense identification zone is an airspace established outside the territorial airspace to prepare for airspace incursions, and serves as a basis for scrambling fighters.

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
# 耶和华
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 耶和华 – see 耶和華 (“Jehovah; Yahweh; Tetragrammaton; the Lord”). (This term is the simplified form of 耶和華).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 耶城
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Yēchéng
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝ ㄔㄥˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Yēchéng
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄝ ㄔㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Yechéng
*** Wade–Giles: Yeh$^1$-chʻêng$^2$
*** Yale: Yē-chéng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Iecherng
*** Palladius: Ечэн (Ječɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$耶城 椰城

### Proper noun

耶城
* Jerusalem
# 胆振
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 胆 | 振 |
| い Grade: S | ふり > ぶり Grade: S |
| kun'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 膽振 (kyūjitai)

### Proper noun

胆(い)振(ぶり) • (Iburi)
* Iburi Province, an old province of Japan
* Iburi Subprefecture, a subprefecture of Hokkaido
# 胆小管
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 胆小管 – see 膽小管 (“bile canaliculus; bile capillary”). (This term is the simplified form of 膽小管).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 耳熟能详
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 耳熟能详 – see 耳熟能詳 (“so familiar to the ears, that it can be in detail; heard a million times, to the point where one can recite it in one's sleep; well-worn”). (This term is the simplified form of 耳熟能詳).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 耳炎
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ěryán
    (Zhuyin): ㄦˇ ㄧㄢˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ěryán
*** Zhuyin: ㄦˇ ㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ěryán
*** Wade–Giles: êrh$^3$-yen$^2$
*** Yale: ěr-yán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eelyan
*** Palladius: эрянь (erjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

### Noun

耳炎
* (pathology) otitis; inflammation of the ear

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 耳 | 炎 |
| じ Grade: 1 | えん Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

耳(じ) (ji, “ear”) + 炎(えん) (-en, “-itis”)

### Noun

耳(じ)炎(えん) • (jien)
* (pathology) otitis, inflammation of the ear, such as that resulting from ear infection, often causing earache

#### Derived terms

* 中耳炎(ちゅうじえん) (chūjien): otitis media, inflammation of the middle ear
* 内耳炎(ないじえん) (naijien): otitis interna, inflammation of the inner ear
* 外耳炎(がいじえん) (gaijien): otitis externa, inflammation of the outer ear
# 胚胎幹細胞
## Chinese

| | | embryo; embryonic stage | stem cell |
| trad. (胚胎幹細胞) | trad. (胚胎幹細胞) | 胚胎 | 幹細胞 |
| simp. (胚胎干细胞) | simp. (胚胎干细胞) | 胚胎 | 干细胞 |
* 胚胎幹細胞

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pēitāi gànxìbāo
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄟ ㄊㄞ ㄍㄢˋ ㄒㄧˋ ㄅㄠ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pēitāi gànxìbāo
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄟ ㄊㄞ ㄍㄢˋ ㄒㄧˋ ㄅㄠ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: peitai gànsìbao
*** Wade–Giles: pʻei$^1$-tʻai$^1$ kan$^4$-hsi$^4$-pao$^1$
*** Yale: pēi-tāi gàn-syì-bāu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: peitai gannshihbau
*** Palladius: пэйтай ганьсибао (pɛjtaj ganʹsibao)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰeɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ kän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹ pɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

### Noun

胚胎幹細胞
* (biology) embryonic stem cell
# 胚発生
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 胚 | 発 | 生 |
| はい Hyōgai | はつ > はっ Grade: 3 | せい Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi |||
* Alternative spelling
* 胚發生 (kyūjitai)

### Noun

胚(はい)発(はっ)生(せい) • (haihassei)
* embryogenesis
# 縱使
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zòngshǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥˋ ㄕˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zung$^3$ si$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhiòng-sír / chhiòng-sú
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zòngshǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˋ ㄕˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zòngshǐh
*** Wade–Giles: tsung$^4$-shih$^3$
*** Yale: dzùng-shř
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzonqshyy
*** Palladius: цзунши (czunši)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zung$^3$ si$^2$
*** Yale: jung sí
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzung$^3$ si$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zung$^3$ xi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʊŋ³³ siː³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiòng-sír
*** Tâi-lô: tshiòng-sír
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiòng-sú
*** Tâi-lô: tshiòng-sú
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chiorngsuo
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ su⁵³/

### Conjunction

縱使
* even if; even though

#### Synonyms

* even (Hong Kong Cantonese)
* 不怕 (bùpà)
* 任憑／任凭 (rènpíng)
* 作哩 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 作算 (zo$^6$ sonn$^4$) (Xiang)
* 儘管／尽管
* 即令 (jílìng)
* 即使 (jíshǐ)
* 即便 (jíbiàn)
* 哪怕 (nǎpà) (informal)
* 就 (jiù)
* 就使 (Hokkien)
* 就算 (jiùsuàn) (colloquial)
* 就若 (Hokkien)
* 就若是 (Hokkien)
* 怕不 (pàbù) (literary or dialectal)
* 縱／纵 (formal)
* 縱然／纵然 (zòngrán)
* 設令／设令 (shèlìng)
* 饒／饶 (ráo) (colloquial)
# 脫氧核醣
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 脫氧核醣 – see 脫氧核糖 (“deoxyribose; semen”). (This term is a variant traditional form of 脫氧核糖).
# 结党营私
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 结党营私 – see 結黨營私 (“to form cliques to pursue private gain”). (This term is the simplified form of 結黨營私).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.