# 攪

| 攪 | U+652A, &#25898; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-652A |
| ← 攩 [U+6529] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 攫 → [U+652B] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 攪 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 撹 |
| Simplified | 搅 |

### Han character

攪 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+20, 23 strokes, cangjie input 手竹月山 (QHBU), four-corner 5701$_6$, composition ⿰扌覺)

#### Related characters

* 撹 (Japanese extended shinjitai)
* 搅 (Simplified Chinese)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 465, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13041
* Dae Jaweon: page 813, character 24
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1992, character 1
* Unihan data for U+652A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 攪 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 攪 | *kruːʔ |
| 覺 | *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ |
| 澩 | *ɡruːʔ, *sɡruːɡ, *ɡruːɡ |
| 斆 | *ɡruːɡs |
| 鱟 | *ɡoːɡs, *quːɡ |
| 嶨 | *kʰruːɡ, *ɡruːɡ |
| 礐 | *kʰruːɡ, *ɡ·rɯːɡ, *ɡoːɡ, *ɡuːɡ |
| 觷 | *ŋɡruːɡ, *ɡruːɡ, *quːɡ |
| 學 | *ɡruːɡ |
| 鷽 | *ɡruːɡ, *qruːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kruːʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 覺 (OC *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ).

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kruk (“rouse; awaken; disturb”). Cognate with 學 (OC *ɡruːɡ, “to learn; to study”), 覺 (OC *kruːɡs, *kruːɡ, “to awaken”), Tibetan དཀྲོག (dkrog, “to agitate; to rouse”), Tibetan འཁྲུག་པ ('khrug pa, “to be disturbed; to quarrel”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiǎo (jiao$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau$^2$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): káu / kiâu
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kiáu / ká / káu / kiauh
    (Teochew, Peng'im): giou$^2$ / giao$^2$ / ga$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$kau; $^5$ciau
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎo
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎo
*** Wade–Giles: chiao$^3$
*** Yale: jyǎu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeau
*** Palladius: цзяо (czjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaau$^2$
*** Yale: gáau
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaau$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gao$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːu̯³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: káu / kiâu
*** Hakka Romanization System: gau$^ˋ$ / giau$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gau$^3$ / giau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /kau̯³¹/, /ki̯au̯²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiáu
*** Tâi-lô: kiáu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiao
*** IPA (Singapore): /kiau⁴²/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kiau⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kiau⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiau⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ká
*** Tâi-lô: ká
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kar
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ka⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ka⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ka⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: káu
*** Tâi-lô: káu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kao
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kau⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kau⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiauh
*** Tâi-lô: kiauh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kiauq
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiauʔ³²/
* Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou:
** kiáu, ká - vernacular;
** káu - literary.
* Taiwan:
** kiáu - literary;
** ká - vernacular.
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit攪 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕiɑu²¹⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕiau²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕiɑu¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕiau⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕiau⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕiɔ⁴⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵¹/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕiau⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /kʰau³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /t͡ɕiao⁴²/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕiɔo²¹²/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕiɔ²⁴/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiau⁵³/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕiɔ⁵³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /kɔ²³/ /gɔ²³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /gæ³¹/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /gɔ¹³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /kuɔ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕiɔ³⁵/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /ko³¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕiau⁴¹/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡ɕiaɯ⁴²/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /kɑu²¹³/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kau³¹/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | /kɑu³¹/ |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kau³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /kau³⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /kau³⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kau⁵³/ /ka⁵³/ 亂～ /kiau⁵³/ ～鹽 |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kieu³²/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kau²¹/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /kiau⁵³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /kiau²¹³/ |
* Middle Chinese: kaewX
Rime :
| Character | 攪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古巧切 |
| Baxter | kaewX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠau$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚau$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kau$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kaɨw$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kau$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kau$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kau$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiǎo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gaau$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤruʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kruːʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 攪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiǎo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kæw$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*kˁruʔ/ |
| English | disturb |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 攪 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14069 |
| Phonetic component | 學 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 絞 |
| Old Chinese | /*kruːʔ/ |

#### Definitions

攪
* to disturb; to annoy
* to mix; to stir

##### Synonyms

* (to disturb):
* 吵擾／吵扰 (chǎorǎo)
* 告擾／告扰 (gàorǎo) (formal, humble, polite)
* 困擾／困扰 (kùnrǎo)
* 干擾 (gānrǎo)
* 打亂／打乱 (dǎluàn)
* 打擾／打扰 (dǎrǎo)
* 打攪／打搅 (dǎjiǎo)
* 搗／捣 (dǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
* 擾亂／扰乱 (rǎoluàn)
* 攪亂／搅乱 (jiǎoluàn)
* 攪動／搅动 (jiǎodòng)
* 攪吵／搅吵 (Hokkien)
* 攪擾／搅扰 (jiǎorǎo)
* 梟亂／枭乱 (xiāoluàn) (literary)
* 殽亂／淆乱 (xiáoluàn) (literary)
* 煩／烦 (fán)
* 煩擾／烦扰 (fánrǎo)
* 糾紛／纠纷 (jiūfēn) (literary)
* 糾纏／纠缠 (jiūchán)
* 纏／缠 (chán)
* 纏擾／缠扰 (chánrǎo)
* 纏磨／缠磨 (chánmo) (colloquial)
* 纏繞／缠绕 (chánrào)
* 驚／惊 (jīng)
* 驚動／惊动 (jīngdòng)
* (to mix):
* 拌和 (bànhuò)
* 攪拌／搅拌 (jiǎobàn)
* 攪混／搅混 (literal or figurative, regional)

#### Compounds

* 一攪果／一搅果
* 亂三攪四／乱三搅四
* 心如刀攪／心如刀搅
* 打攪／打搅 (dǎjiǎo)
* 拗彆攪炒／拗别搅炒
* 摧山攪海／摧山搅海
* 攪三攪四／搅三搅四
* 攪亂／搅乱 (jiǎoluàn)
* 攪來攪去／搅来搅去
* 攪動／搅动 (jiǎodòng)
* 攪和／搅和 (jiǎohuo)
* 攪家精／搅家精
* 攪局／搅局 (jiǎojú)
* 攪屎棍／搅屎棍 (jiǎoshǐgùn)
* 攪惱／搅恼
* 攪拌／搅拌 (jiǎobàn)
* 攪拌器／搅拌器 (jiǎobànqì)
* 攪拌機／搅拌机 (jiǎobànjī)
* 攪撒／搅撒
* 攪擾／搅扰 (jiǎorǎo)
* 攪散／搅散
* 攪海翻江／搅海翻江
* 攪混／搅混
* 攪渾／搅浑 (jiǎohún)
* 攪碎機／搅碎机
* 攪絲兒／搅丝儿
* 攪纏不來／搅缠不来
* 攪肚蛆腸／搅肚蛆肠
* 攪蛆扒／搅蛆扒
* 攪計／搅计
* 攪鬼／搅鬼
* 混攪／混搅
* 盤攪／盘搅
* 瞎攪／瞎搅
* 翻江攪海／翻江搅海
* 胡攪／胡搅 (hújiǎo)
* 胡攪蠻纏／胡搅蛮缠 (hújiǎománchán)

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 攪 – see 搞 (“to do; to work in; to be engaged in; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 搞).

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 撹 |
| Kyūjitai | 攪 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 撹)
* to disturb

#### Readings

* Go-on: きょう (kyō)
* Kan-on: こう (kō)
* Kan’yō-on: かく (kaku)
* Kun: ほだてる (hodateru, 攪てる)、みだす (midasu, 攪す)

### Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 攪 – see the following entry. :
| 【撹】H | [kanji] hyōgai kanji [kanji] Extended shinjitai form of 攪: to disturb Kanji reading: きょう, こう, かく, ほだてる, みだす |
(This term, 攪, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean
### Hanja

攪 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

攪: Hán Nôm readings: giao
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation