# ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲧⲱϩⲙ (tōhm) — Sahidic
* ⲧⲱϩⲉⲙ (tōhem) — Fayyumic
* ⲧⲱϩⲙⲉ (tōhme) — Akhmimic, Lycopolitan

### Etymology

From Egyptian thm (“to knock on door”)

### Verb

ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ • (thōhem) (nominal state ⲑⲁϩⲉⲙ-, pronominal state ⲑⲁϩⲙ⸗, stative ⲑⲁϩⲉⲙ)
* (Bohairic, intransitive) to knock (on door); to summon, invite
* (Bohairic, transitive) to summon

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ thōhem | imperative | affirmative | ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ thōhem |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ štemthōhem | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀perthōhem |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tithōhem | ⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ kthōhem | ⲧⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tethōhem | ϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ fthōhem | ⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ sthōhem | ⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tenthōhem | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tetenthōhem | ⲥⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ sethōhem | ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ thōhem |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eithōhem | ⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ekthōhem | ⲉⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ erethōhem | ⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ efthōhem | ⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ esthōhem | ⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ enthōhem | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eretenthōhem | ⲉⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ euthōhem | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ere- thōhem |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etithōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etekthōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etethōhem | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etefthōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etesthōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etenthōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etetenthōhem | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etouthōhem | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ete- thōhem |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ naithōhem | ⲛⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nakthōhem | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ narethōhem | ⲛⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nafthōhem | ⲛⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nasthōhem | ⲛⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nanthōhem | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ naretenthōhem | ⲛⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nauthōhem | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nare- thōhem |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aithōhem | ⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ akthōhem | ⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ arethōhem | ⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ afthōhem | ⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ asthōhem | ⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ anthōhem | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aretenthōhem | ⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ authōhem | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ are- thōhem |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tinathōhem | ⲭⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ khnathōhem | ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ terathōhem | ϥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ fnathōhem | ⲥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ snathōhem | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tennathōhem | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tetennathōhem | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ senathōhem | ⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nathōhem |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ einathōhem | ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ekhnathōhem | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ erenathōhem | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ efnathōhem | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ esnathōhem | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ennathōhem | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eretennathōhem | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eunathōhem | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ere- nathōhem |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etinathōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etekhnathōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etenathōhem | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etefnathōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etesnathōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etennathōhem | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etetennathōhem | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etounathōhem | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ete- nathōhem |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nainathōhem | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nakhnathōhem | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ narenathōhem | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nafnathōhem | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nasnathōhem | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nannathōhem | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ naretennathōhem | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ naunathōhem | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nare- nathōhem |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ainathōhem | ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ akhnathōhem | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ arenathōhem | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ afnathōhem | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ asnathōhem | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ annathōhem | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aretennathōhem | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aunathōhem | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ are- nathōhem |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aithōhem | ⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ akthōhem | ⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ arethōhem | ⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ afthōhem | ⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ asthōhem | ⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ anthōhem | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ atetenthōhem | ⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ authōhem | ⲁ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ a- thōhem |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pithōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pekthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pethōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pefthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pesthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀penthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀petenthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pouthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pe- thōhem |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eaithōhem | ⲉⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eakthōhem | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ earethōhem | ⲉⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eafthōhem | ⲉⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ easthōhem | ⲉⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eanthōhem | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eatetenthōhem | ⲉⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eauthōhem | ⲉⲁ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ea- thōhem |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pithōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pekthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pethōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pefthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pesthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀penthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀petenthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pouthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pe- thōhem |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etaithōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etakthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etarethōhem | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etafthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etasthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etanthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etaretenthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etauthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eta- thōhem |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pithōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pekthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pethōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pefthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pesthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀penthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀petenthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pouthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pe- thōhem |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ neaithōhem | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ neakthōhem | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nearethōhem | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ neafthōhem | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ neasthōhem | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ neanthōhem | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ neatetenthōhem | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ neauthōhem | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nea- thōhem |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nem̀pithōhem | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nem̀pekthōhem | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nem̀pethōhem | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nem̀pefthōhem | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nem̀pesthōhem | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nem̀penthōhem | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nem̀petenthōhem | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nem̀pouthōhem | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nem̀pe- thōhem |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etaithōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etakthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etarethōhem | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etafthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etasthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etanthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etaretenthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etauthōhem | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eta- thōhem |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀patithōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀patekthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀patethōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀patefthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀patesthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀patenthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀patetenthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀patouthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pate- thōhem |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀patithōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀patekthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀patethōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀patefthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀patesthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀patenthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀patetenthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀patouthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pate- thōhem |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀patithōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀patekthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀patethōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀patefthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀patesthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀patenthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀patetenthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀patouthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pate- thōhem |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀patithōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀patekthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀patethōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀patefthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀patesthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀patenthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀patetenthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀patouthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀pate- thōhem |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šaithōhem | ϣⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šakthōhem | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šarethōhem | ϣⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šafthōhem | ϣⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šasthōhem | ϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šanthōhem | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šatetenthōhem | ϣⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šauthōhem | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šare- thōhem |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀paithōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pakthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀parethōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pafthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pasthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀panthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀paretenthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pauthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀pare- thōhem |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ešaithōhem | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ešakthōhem | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ešarethōhem | ⲉϣⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ešafthōhem | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ešasthōhem | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ešanthōhem | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ešatetenthōhem | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ešauthōhem | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ešare- thōhem |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀paithōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pakthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀parethōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pafthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pasthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀panthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀paretenthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pauthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pare- thōhem |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etšaithōhem | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etšakthōhem | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etšarethōhem | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etšafthōhem | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etšasthōhem | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etšanthōhem | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etšatetenthōhem | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etšauthōhem | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etšare- thōhem |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀paithōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pakthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀parethōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pafthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pasthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀panthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀paretenthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pauthōhem | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ etm̀pare- thōhem |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ našaithōhem | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ našakthōhem | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ našarethōhem | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ našafthōhem | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ našasthōhem | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ našanthōhem | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ našatetenthōhem | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ našauthōhem | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ našare- thōhem |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀paithōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀pakthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀parethōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀pafthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀pasthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀panthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀paretenthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀pauthōhem | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ nam̀pare- thōhem |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀paithōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pakthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀parethōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pafthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pasthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀panthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀paretenthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pauthōhem | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ em̀pare- thōhem |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eiethōhem | ⲉⲕⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ekethōhem | ⲉⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ erethōhem | ⲉϥⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ efethōhem | ⲉⲥⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ esethōhem | ⲉⲛⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ enethōhem | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ eretenethōhem | ⲉⲩⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ euethōhem | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ere- thōhem |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹnathōhem | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹnekthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹnethōhem | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹnefthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹnesthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹnenthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹnetenthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹnouthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹne- thōhem |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ marithōhem | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ marefthōhem | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ maresthōhem | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ marenthōhem | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ marouthōhem | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ mare- thōhem |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀penthrithōhem | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀penthrefthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀penthresthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀penthrenthōhem | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀penthreuthōhem | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ m̀penthre- thōhem |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹtathōhem | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹtekthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹtethōhem | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹtefthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹtesthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹtenthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹtetenthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹsethōhem, ǹtouthōhem | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ ǹte- thōhem |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tarithōhem | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tarekthōhem | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tarethōhem | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tarefthōhem | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ taresthōhem | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tarenthōhem | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ taretenthōhem | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tarouthōhem | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ tare- thōhem |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šatithōhem | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šatekthōhem | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šatethōhem | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šatefthōhem | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šatesthōhem | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šatenthōhem | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šatetenthōhem | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šatouthōhem | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ šate- thōhem |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aišanthōhem | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ akšanthōhem | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ arešanthōhem | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ afšanthōhem | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ asšanthōhem | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ anšanthōhem | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aretenšanthōhem | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aušanthōhem | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ arešan- thōhem |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aithōhem | ⲁⲕⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ akthōhem | ⲁⲣⲉⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ arethōhem | ⲁϥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ afthōhem | ⲁⲥⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ asthōhem | ⲁⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ anthōhem | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ aretenthōhem | ⲁⲩⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ authōhem | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ are- thōhem |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |

### Noun

ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ • (thōhem) m
* (Bohairic) calling, convocation

### References

* Marcion Coptic dictionary
* TLA lemma no. C4798 (ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),
* TLA lemma no. C4799 (ⲑⲱϩⲉⲙ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),