# 親王
## Chinese

* 親王

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qīnwáng
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣ ㄨㄤˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): can$^1$ wong$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhin-ông
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qīnwáng
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ ㄨㄤˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cinwáng
*** Wade–Giles: chʻin$^1$-wang$^2$
*** Yale: chīn-wáng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinwang
*** Palladius: циньван (cinʹvan)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: can$^1$ wong$^4$
*** Yale: chān wòhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsan$^1$ wong$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cen$^1$ wong$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhin-ông
*** Tâi-lô: tshin-ông
*** Phofsit Daibuun: chin'oong
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰin³³ ɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻²² ɔŋ¹³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔŋ²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰin⁴⁴⁻³³ ɔŋ²³/
* Middle Chinese: tshin hjwang
Rime :
| Character | 親 | 王 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) | 云 (35) |
| Final (韻) | 眞 (43) | 陽 (106) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 七人切 | 雨方切 |
| Baxter | tshin | hjwang |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sʰiɪn/ | /ɦʉɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sʰin/ | /ɦʷiɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sʰjen/ | /ɣiuɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sʰin/ | /ɦuaŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sʰiĕn/ | /ɣiuaŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sʰĭĕn/ | /ɣĭwaŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡sʰi̯ĕn/ | /iwaŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qīn | wáng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | can$^1$ | wong$^4$ |

### Noun

親王
* prince

#### Derived terms

* 親王國／亲王国 (qīnwángguó)
* 親王府／亲王府 (qīnwángfǔ)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 親(しん)王(のう) (shinnō)
* → Korean: 친왕(親王) (chinwang)
* → Vietnamese: thân vương (親王)
* → Mongolian: чин ван (čin van)
* → Manchu: ᠴᡳᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ (cin wang)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 親 | 王 |
| しん Grade: 2 | おう > のう Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

From Old Japanese, borrowed from Middle Chinese 親王 (t͡sʰiɪn ɦʉɐŋ), in turn a compound of 親 (“very familiar; very close”) + 王 (“king”, in ancient Japan, this term was also used to refer to an imperial prince), so called because of the closeness to the reigning emperor. The ō reading for 王 changes to nō as an instance of renjō (連声).
First cited in Japanese to a text from 718 CE.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しんのー [shìńnóꜜò] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕĩnːo̞ː]

### Noun

親(しん)王(のう) • (shinnō)
* [from 718] a specific rank granted to certain male members of the imperial family:
** an East Asian imperial prince who is either brother or son to the reigning emperor
** in ancient Japan, any of the emperor's brothers or sons
** [from the 1600s] any of the direct male descendants of the emperor of Japan, down to any imperial great-great-grandchildren
** [from 1947] any of the legitimate direct male heirs of the emperor of Japan
* [from 1801] (theater, kabuki) Short for 親王鬘 (shinnō kazura)., literally "imperial prince wig", specific style of wig used in kabuki

### See also

* 内(ない)親(しん)王(のう) (naishinnō, female equivalent)
* 王(おう) (ō, specific to the Japanese imperial family, refers to any grandson, great-grandson, etc.)

### References

* 1 2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 親 | 王 |

### Noun

親王 • (chinwang) (hangeul 친왕)
* hanja form of 친왕

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 親 | 王 |

### Noun

親王
* chữ Hán form of thân vương.