# 崩潰
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bēngkuì
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄥ ㄎㄨㄟˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bang$^1$ kui$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): png-khùi / pheng-hùi / peng-khùi / peng-khòe / peng-pùi
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$pen-gue
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bēngkuì
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄥ ㄎㄨㄟˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bengkuèi
*** Wade–Giles: pêng$^1$-kʻuei$^4$
*** Yale: bēng-kwèi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bengkuey
*** Palladius: бэнкуй (bɛnkuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bang$^1$ kui$^2$
*** Yale: bāng kúi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bang$^1$ kui$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: beng$^1$ kui$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɐŋ⁵⁵ kʰuːi̯³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: png-khùi
*** Tâi-lô: png-khuì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pngquix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pŋ̍³³ kʰui⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pheng-hùi
*** Tâi-lô: phing-huì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phenghuix
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hui¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hui²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peng-khùi
*** Tâi-lô: ping-khuì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pengquix
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰui²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peng-khòe
*** Tâi-lô: ping-khuè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pengqoex
*** IPA (Xiamen): /piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰue²¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peng-pùi
*** Tâi-lô: ping-puì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pengpuix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² pui²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$pen-gue
*** MiniDict: pen$^平$ gue
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$pen-gue
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pən⁵⁵ ɡue²¹/
* Middle Chinese: pong hwojH
Rime :
| Character | 崩 | 潰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 登 (129) | 灰 (42) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 北滕切 | 胡對切 |
| Baxter | pong | hwojH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pəŋ/ | /ɦuʌi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pəŋ/ | /ɦuoi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pəŋ/ | /ɣuɒi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pəŋ/ | /ɦwəj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /pəŋ/ | /ɣuᴀi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /pəŋ/ | /ɣuɒi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pəŋ/ | /ɣuɑ̆i$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bēng | huì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bang$^1$ | wui$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.pˤəŋ [ɡʷ]ˤ[ə]j-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*pɯːŋ ɡluːls/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 崩 | 潰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bēng | kuì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ pong › | ‹ hwoj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.pˁəŋ/ | /*[ɡʷ]ˁ[ə]j-s/ |
| English | collapse (v., of a mountain) | break through an embankment (of water) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 崩 | 潰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 9658 | 4716 |
| Phonetic component | 朋 | 貴 |
| Rime group | 蒸 | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | 潰 |
| Old Chinese | /*pɯːŋ/ | /*ɡluːls/ |

### Verb

崩潰
* (intransitive) to collapse; to fall apart; to crumble; to have a breakdown
    瀕臨崩潰／濒临崩溃 ― bīnlín bēngkuì ― to be close to collapsing
* (programming) to crash

#### Synonyms

* (to collapse):
* 倒冧 (dou$^2$ lam$^3$) (Cantonese)
* 倒塌 (dǎotā)
* 傾覆／倾覆 (qīngfù)
* 凹陷 (āoxiàn)
* 坍塌 (tāntā)
* 垮 (kuǎ)
* 垮臺／垮台 (kuǎtái) (figurative)
* 塌 (tā)
* 塌方 (tāfāng)
* 塌臺／塌台 (tātái) (figurative)
* 塌落 (Xiamen Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 塌頭／塌头 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 崩坍 (bēngtān)
* 崩塌 (bēngtā)
* 崩敗／崩败 (Hokkien, Teochew)
* 崩裂 (bēngliè)
* 崩陷 (Hokkien, literary)
* 瓦解 (wǎjiě)
* 窞肚 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
* 解體／解体 (jiětǐ)
* 陷落 (xiànluò)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 崩壊(ほうかい) (hōkai)
* → Korean: 붕궤(崩潰) (bunggwe)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 崩 | 潰 |
| ほう Grade: S | かい Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 崩潰 – see the following entry. :
| 【崩壊ほうかい】 | [noun] decay, deterioration, disintegration [noun] collapse [verb] to collapse [verb] to decay, to deteriorate, to disintegrate |
(This term, 崩潰, is an alternative spelling (dated) of the above term.) :