# iaigh
## Irish
### Alternative forms

* iadh, iaidh

### Etymology

From Old Irish íadaid, from Proto-Celtic *eɸidāti, a prefixed derivative of *dāti (“to give”). Cognate with Scottish Gaelic iadh.

### Verb

iaigh (present analytic iann, future analytic iafaidh, verbal noun iamh, past participle iata)
* (transitive, intransitive) to close, shut
    Synonym: dún
    Bhí na súile ag iamh orm.I could not keep my eyes open.(literally, “The eyes were closing on me.”)
* (transitive) to enclose, encompass
* (transitive, intransitive) to block up, close up, dam
* (transitive, intransitive) to join [with le ‘with’]
* (transitive) to clench (close tightly) (one's fist)

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | iaim | iann tú; iair$^†$ | iann sé, sí | iaimid | iann sibh | iann siad; iaid$^†$ | a iann; a ias / a n-iann* | iaitear |
| indicative | past | d'iaigh mé; d'ias / iaigh mé‡; ias‡ | d'iaigh tú; d'iais / iaigh tú‡; iais‡ | d'iaigh sé, sí / iaigh sé, sí‡ | d'iamar; d'iaigh muid / iamar‡; iaigh muid‡ | d'iaigh sibh; d'iabhair / iaigh sibh‡; iabhair‡ | d'iaigh siad; d'iadar / iaigh siad‡; iadar‡ | a d'iaigh / ar iaigh* | iadh; hiadh$^†$ |
| indicative | past habitual | d'iainn / iainn‡; n-iainn‡‡ | d'iaiteá / iaiteá‡; n-iaiteá‡‡ | d'iadh sé, sí / iadh sé, sí‡; n-iadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'iaimis; d'iadh muid / iaimis; iadh muid‡; n-iaimis‡‡; n-iadh muid‡‡ | d'iadh sibh / iadh sibh‡; n-iadh sibh‡‡ | d'iaidís; d'iadh siad / iaidís; iadh siad‡; n-iaidís‡‡; n-iadh siad‡‡ | a d'iadh / a n-iadh* | d'iaití / iaití‡; n-iaití‡‡ |
| future | future | iafaidh mé; iafad | iafaidh tú; iafair$^†$ | iafaidh sé, sí | iafaimid; iafaidh muid | iafaidh sibh | iafaidh siad; iafaid$^†$ | a iafaidh; a iafas / a n-iafaidh* | iafar |
| conditional | conditional | d'iafainn / iafainn‡; n-iafainn‡‡ | d'iafá / iafá‡; n-iafá‡‡ | d'iafadh sé, sí / iafadh sé, sí‡; n-iafadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'iafaimis; d'iafadh muid / iafaimis‡; iafadh muid‡; n-iafaimis‡‡; n-iafadh muid‡‡ | d'iafadh sibh / iafadh sibh‡; n-iafadh sibh‡‡ | d'iafaidís; d'iafadh siad / iafaidís‡; iafadh siad‡; n-iafaidís‡‡; n-iafadh siad‡‡ | a d'iafadh / a n-iafadh* | d'iafaí / iafaí‡; n-iafaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go n-ia mé; go n-iad$^†$ | go n-ia tú; go n-iair$^†$ | go n-ia sé, sí | go n-iaimid; go n-ia muid | go n-ia sibh | go n-ia siad; go n-iaid$^†$ | — | go n-iaitear |
| subjunctive | past | dá n-iainn | dá n-iaiteá | dá n-iadh sé, sí | dá n-iaimis; dá n-iadh muid | dá n-iadh sibh | dá n-iaidís; dá n-iadh siad | — | dá n-iaití |
| imperative | imperative | iaim | iaigh | iadh sé, sí | iaimis | iaigí; iaidh$^†$ | iaidís | — | iaitear |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | iamh | iamh | iamh | iamh | iamh | iamh | iamh | iamh |
| past participle | past participle | iata | iata | iata | iata | iata | iata | iata | iata |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡dependent form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

### References

* ↑ “iaigh”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* ↑ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “íadaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*efirom”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 113-114
* ↑ Gordon, Randall Clark (2012) Derivational Morphology of the Early Irish Verbal Noun, Los Angeles: University of California, § 3.1.36, pages 191–92

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “iaigh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN