# qhuthula
## Zulu
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ǃʰutʰúːla/

### Verb

-qhuthúla
* (transitive) to pluck (hair, feathers)
    Synonym: -qhutha

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukuqhuthula |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuqhuthula | ukungaqhuthuli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | qhuthula | -qhuthule |
| Plural | qhuthulani | -qhuthuleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyaqhuthula, ngiqhuthula | engiqhuthulayo, engiqhuthula | ngiqhuthula | angiqhuthuli | engingaqhuthuli | ngingaqhuthuli |
| 2nd singular | uyaqhuthula, uqhuthula | oqhuthulayo, oqhuthula | uqhuthula | awuqhuthuli | ongaqhuthuli | ungaqhuthuli |
| 1st plural | siyaqhuthula, siqhuthula | esiqhuthulayo, esiqhuthula | siqhuthula | asiqhuthuli | esingaqhuthuli | singaqhuthuli |
| 2nd plural | niyaqhuthula, niqhuthula | eniqhuthulayo, eniqhuthula | niqhuthula | aniqhuthuli | eningaqhuthuli | ningaqhuthuli |
| Class 1 | uyaqhuthula, uqhuthula | oqhuthulayo, oqhuthula | eqhuthula | akaqhuthuli | ongaqhuthuli | engaqhuthuli |
| Class 2 | bayaqhuthula, baqhuthula | abaqhuthulayo, abaqhuthula | beqhuthula | abaqhuthuli | abangaqhuthuli | bengaqhuthuli |
| Class 3 | uyaqhuthula, uqhuthula | oqhuthulayo, oqhuthula | uqhuthula | awuqhuthuli | ongaqhuthuli | ungaqhuthuli |
| Class 4 | iyaqhuthula, iqhuthula | eqhuthulayo, eqhuthula | iqhuthula | ayiqhuthuli | engaqhuthuli | ingaqhuthuli |
| Class 5 | liyaqhuthula, liqhuthula | eliqhuthulayo, eliqhuthula | liqhuthula | aliqhuthuli | elingaqhuthuli | lingaqhuthuli |
| Class 6 | ayaqhuthula, aqhuthula | aqhuthulayo, aqhuthula | eqhuthula | awaqhuthuli | angaqhuthuli | engaqhuthuli |
| Class 7 | siyaqhuthula, siqhuthula | esiqhuthulayo, esiqhuthula | siqhuthula | asiqhuthuli | esingaqhuthuli | singaqhuthuli |
| Class 8 | ziyaqhuthula, ziqhuthula | eziqhuthulayo, eziqhuthula | ziqhuthula | aziqhuthuli | ezingaqhuthuli | zingaqhuthuli |
| Class 9 | iyaqhuthula, iqhuthula | eqhuthulayo, eqhuthula | iqhuthula | ayiqhuthuli | engaqhuthuli | ingaqhuthuli |
| Class 10 | ziyaqhuthula, ziqhuthula | eziqhuthulayo, eziqhuthula | ziqhuthula | aziqhuthuli | ezingaqhuthuli | zingaqhuthuli |
| Class 11 | luyaqhuthula, luqhuthula | oluqhuthulayo, oluqhuthula | luqhuthula | aluqhuthuli | olungaqhuthuli | lungaqhuthuli |
| Class 14 | buyaqhuthula, buqhuthula | obuqhuthulayo, obuqhuthula | buqhuthula | abuqhuthuli | obungaqhuthuli | bungaqhuthuli |
| Class 15 | kuyaqhuthula, kuqhuthula | okuqhuthulayo, okuqhuthula | kuqhuthula | akuqhuthuli | okungaqhuthuli | kungaqhuthuli |
| Class 17 | kuyaqhuthula, kuqhuthula | okuqhuthulayo, okuqhuthula | kuqhuthula | akuqhuthuli | okungaqhuthuli | kungaqhuthuli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiqhuthulile, ngiqhuthulē | engiqhuthulile, engiqhuthulē | ngiqhuthulile, ngiqhuthulē | angiqhuthulanga | engingaqhuthulanga | ngingaqhuthulanga |
| 2nd singular | uqhuthulile, uqhuthulē | oqhuthulile, oqhuthulē | uqhuthulile, uqhuthulē | awuqhuthulanga | ongaqhuthulanga | ungaqhuthulanga |
| 1st plural | siqhuthulile, siqhuthulē | esiqhuthulile, esiqhuthulē | siqhuthulile, siqhuthulē | asiqhuthulanga | esingaqhuthulanga | singaqhuthulanga |
| 2nd plural | niqhuthulile, niqhuthulē | eniqhuthulile, eniqhuthulē | niqhuthulile, niqhuthulē | aniqhuthulanga | eningaqhuthulanga | ningaqhuthulanga |
| Class 1 | uqhuthulile, uqhuthulē | oqhuthulile, oqhuthulē | eqhuthulile, eqhuthulē | akaqhuthulanga | ongaqhuthulanga | engaqhuthulanga |
| Class 2 | baqhuthulile, baqhuthulē | abaqhuthulile, abaqhuthulē | beqhuthulile, beqhuthulē | abaqhuthulanga | abangaqhuthulanga | bengaqhuthulanga |
| Class 3 | uqhuthulile, uqhuthulē | oqhuthulile, oqhuthulē | uqhuthulile, uqhuthulē | awuqhuthulanga | ongaqhuthulanga | ungaqhuthulanga |
| Class 4 | iqhuthulile, iqhuthulē | eqhuthulile, eqhuthulē | iqhuthulile, iqhuthulē | ayiqhuthulanga | engaqhuthulanga | ingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 5 | liqhuthulile, liqhuthulē | eliqhuthulile, eliqhuthulē | liqhuthulile, liqhuthulē | aliqhuthulanga | elingaqhuthulanga | lingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 6 | aqhuthulile, aqhuthulē | aqhuthulile, aqhuthulē | eqhuthulile, eqhuthulē | awaqhuthulanga | angaqhuthulanga | engaqhuthulanga |
| Class 7 | siqhuthulile, siqhuthulē | esiqhuthulile, esiqhuthulē | siqhuthulile, siqhuthulē | asiqhuthulanga | esingaqhuthulanga | singaqhuthulanga |
| Class 8 | ziqhuthulile, ziqhuthulē | eziqhuthulile, eziqhuthulē | ziqhuthulile, ziqhuthulē | aziqhuthulanga | ezingaqhuthulanga | zingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 9 | iqhuthulile, iqhuthulē | eqhuthulile, eqhuthulē | iqhuthulile, iqhuthulē | ayiqhuthulanga | engaqhuthulanga | ingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 10 | ziqhuthulile, ziqhuthulē | eziqhuthulile, eziqhuthulē | ziqhuthulile, ziqhuthulē | aziqhuthulanga | ezingaqhuthulanga | zingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 11 | luqhuthulile, luqhuthulē | oluqhuthulile, oluqhuthulē | luqhuthulile, luqhuthulē | aluqhuthulanga | olungaqhuthulanga | lungaqhuthulanga |
| Class 14 | buqhuthulile, buqhuthulē | obuqhuthulile, obuqhuthulē | buqhuthulile, buqhuthulē | abuqhuthulanga | obungaqhuthulanga | bungaqhuthulanga |
| Class 15 | kuqhuthulile, kuqhuthulē | okuqhuthulile, okuqhuthulē | kuqhuthulile, kuqhuthulē | akuqhuthulanga | okungaqhuthulanga | kungaqhuthulanga |
| Class 17 | kuqhuthulile, kuqhuthulē | okuqhuthulile, okuqhuthulē | kuqhuthulile, kuqhuthulē | akuqhuthulanga | okungaqhuthulanga | kungaqhuthulanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāqhuthula | engāqhuthula | ngāqhuthula | angiqhuthulanga | engingaqhuthulanga | ngingaqhuthulanga |
| 2nd singular | wāqhuthula | owāqhuthula | wāqhuthula | awuqhuthulanga | ongaqhuthulanga | ungaqhuthulanga |
| 1st plural | sāqhuthula | esāqhuthula | sāqhuthula | asiqhuthulanga | esingaqhuthulanga | singaqhuthulanga |
| 2nd plural | nāqhuthula | enāqhuthula | nāqhuthula | aniqhuthulanga | eningaqhuthulanga | ningaqhuthulanga |
| Class 1 | wāqhuthula | owāqhuthula | āqhuthula | akaqhuthulanga | ongaqhuthulanga | engaqhuthulanga |
| Class 2 | bāqhuthula | abāqhuthula | bāqhuthula | abaqhuthulanga | abangaqhuthulanga | bengaqhuthulanga |
| Class 3 | wāqhuthula | owāqhuthula | wāqhuthula | awuqhuthulanga | ongaqhuthulanga | ungaqhuthulanga |
| Class 4 | yāqhuthula | eyāqhuthula | yāqhuthula | ayiqhuthulanga | engaqhuthulanga | ingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 5 | lāqhuthula | elāqhuthula | lāqhuthula | aliqhuthulanga | elingaqhuthulanga | lingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 6 | āqhuthula | āqhuthula | āqhuthula | awaqhuthulanga | angaqhuthulanga | engaqhuthulanga |
| Class 7 | sāqhuthula | esāqhuthula | sāqhuthula | asiqhuthulanga | esingaqhuthulanga | singaqhuthulanga |
| Class 8 | zāqhuthula | ezāqhuthula | zāqhuthula | aziqhuthulanga | ezingaqhuthulanga | zingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 9 | yāqhuthula | eyāqhuthula | yāqhuthula | ayiqhuthulanga | engaqhuthulanga | ingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 10 | zāqhuthula | ezāqhuthula | zāqhuthula | aziqhuthulanga | ezingaqhuthulanga | zingaqhuthulanga |
| Class 11 | lwāqhuthula | olwāqhuthula | lwāqhuthula | aluqhuthulanga | olungaqhuthulanga | lungaqhuthulanga |
| Class 14 | bāqhuthula | obāqhuthula | bāqhuthula | abuqhuthulanga | obungaqhuthulanga | bungaqhuthulanga |
| Class 15 | kwāqhuthula | okwāqhuthula | kwāqhuthula | akuqhuthulanga | okungaqhuthulanga | kungaqhuthulanga |
| Class 17 | kwāqhuthula | okwāqhuthula | kwāqhuthula | akuqhuthulanga | okungaqhuthulanga | kungaqhuthulanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingaqhuthula | — | ngingaqhuthula | ngingeqhuthule | — | ngingeqhuthule |
| 2nd singular | ungaqhuthula | — | ungaqhuthula | ungeqhuthule | — | ungeqhuthule |
| 1st plural | singaqhuthula | — | singaqhuthula | singeqhuthule | — | singeqhuthule |
| 2nd plural | ningaqhuthula | — | ningaqhuthula | ningeqhuthule | — | ningeqhuthule |
| Class 1 | angaqhuthula | — | engaqhuthula | angeqhuthule | — | engeqhuthule |
| Class 2 | bangaqhuthula | — | bengaqhuthula | bangeqhuthule | — | bengeqhuthule |
| Class 3 | ungaqhuthula | — | ungaqhuthula | ungeqhuthule | — | ungeqhuthule |
| Class 4 | ingaqhuthula | — | ingaqhuthula | ingeqhuthule | — | ingeqhuthule |
| Class 5 | lingaqhuthula | — | lingaqhuthula | lingeqhuthule | — | lingeqhuthule |
| Class 6 | angaqhuthula | — | engaqhuthula | angeqhuthule | — | engeqhuthule |
| Class 7 | singaqhuthula | — | singaqhuthula | singeqhuthule | — | singeqhuthule |
| Class 8 | zingaqhuthula | — | zingaqhuthula | zingeqhuthule | — | zingeqhuthule |
| Class 9 | ingaqhuthula | — | ingaqhuthula | ingeqhuthule | — | ingeqhuthule |
| Class 10 | zingaqhuthula | — | zingaqhuthula | zingeqhuthule | — | zingeqhuthule |
| Class 11 | lungaqhuthula | — | lungaqhuthula | lungeqhuthule | — | lungeqhuthule |
| Class 14 | bungaqhuthula | — | bungaqhuthula | bungeqhuthule | — | bungeqhuthule |
| Class 15 | kungaqhuthula | — | kungaqhuthula | kungeqhuthule | — | kungeqhuthule |
| Class 17 | kungaqhuthula | — | kungaqhuthula | kungeqhuthule | — | kungeqhuthule |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizoqhuthula | engizoqhuthula | ngizoqhuthula | angizuqhuthula | engingezuqhuthula | ngingezuqhuthula |
| 2nd singular | uzoqhuthula | ozoqhuthula | uzoqhuthula | awuzuqhuthula | ongezuqhuthula | ungezuqhuthula |
| 1st plural | sizoqhuthula | esizoqhuthula | sizoqhuthula | asizuqhuthula | esingezuqhuthula | singezuqhuthula |
| 2nd plural | nizoqhuthula | enizoqhuthula | nizoqhuthula | anizuqhuthula | eningezuqhuthula | ningezuqhuthula |
| Class 1 | uzoqhuthula | ozoqhuthula | ezoqhuthula | akazuqhuthula | ongezuqhuthula | engezuqhuthula |
| Class 2 | bazoqhuthula | abazoqhuthula | bezoqhuthula | abazuqhuthula | abangezuqhuthula | bengezuqhuthula |
| Class 3 | uzoqhuthula | ozoqhuthula | uzoqhuthula | awuzuqhuthula | ongezuqhuthula | ungezuqhuthula |
| Class 4 | izoqhuthula | ezoqhuthula | izoqhuthula | ayizuqhuthula | engezuqhuthula | ingezuqhuthula |
| Class 5 | lizoqhuthula | elizoqhuthula | lizoqhuthula | alizuqhuthula | elingezuqhuthula | lingezuqhuthula |
| Class 6 | azoqhuthula | azoqhuthula | ezoqhuthula | awazuqhuthula | angezuqhuthula | engezuqhuthula |
| Class 7 | sizoqhuthula | esizoqhuthula | sizoqhuthula | asizuqhuthula | esingezuqhuthula | singezuqhuthula |
| Class 8 | zizoqhuthula | ezizoqhuthula | zizoqhuthula | azizuqhuthula | ezingezuqhuthula | zingezuqhuthula |
| Class 9 | izoqhuthula | ezoqhuthula | izoqhuthula | ayizuqhuthula | engezuqhuthula | ingezuqhuthula |
| Class 10 | zizoqhuthula | ezizoqhuthula | zizoqhuthula | azizuqhuthula | ezingezuqhuthula | zingezuqhuthula |
| Class 11 | luzoqhuthula | oluzoqhuthula | luzoqhuthula | aluzuqhuthula | olungezuqhuthula | lungezuqhuthula |
| Class 14 | buzoqhuthula | obuzoqhuthula | buzoqhuthula | abuzuqhuthula | obungezuqhuthula | bungezuqhuthula |
| Class 15 | kuzoqhuthula | okuzoqhuthula | kuzoqhuthula | akuzuqhuthula | okungezuqhuthula | kungezuqhuthula |
| Class 17 | kuzoqhuthula | okuzoqhuthula | kuzoqhuthula | akuzuqhuthula | okungezuqhuthula | kungezuqhuthula |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyoqhuthula | engiyoqhuthula | ngiyoqhuthula | angiyuqhuthula | engingeyuqhuthula | ngingeyuqhuthula |
| 2nd singular | uyoqhuthula | oyoqhuthula | uyoqhuthula | awuyuqhuthula | ongeyuqhuthula | ungeyuqhuthula |
| 1st plural | siyoqhuthula | esiyoqhuthula | siyoqhuthula | asiyuqhuthula | esingeyuqhuthula | singeyuqhuthula |
| 2nd plural | niyoqhuthula | eniyoqhuthula | niyoqhuthula | aniyuqhuthula | eningeyuqhuthula | ningeyuqhuthula |
| Class 1 | uyoqhuthula | oyoqhuthula | eyoqhuthula | akayuqhuthula | ongeyuqhuthula | engeyuqhuthula |
| Class 2 | bayoqhuthula | abayoqhuthula | beyoqhuthula | abayuqhuthula | abangeyuqhuthula | bengeyuqhuthula |
| Class 3 | uyoqhuthula | oyoqhuthula | uyoqhuthula | awuyuqhuthula | ongeyuqhuthula | ungeyuqhuthula |
| Class 4 | iyoqhuthula | eyoqhuthula | iyoqhuthula | ayiyuqhuthula | engeyuqhuthula | ingeyuqhuthula |
| Class 5 | liyoqhuthula | eliyoqhuthula | liyoqhuthula | aliyuqhuthula | elingeyuqhuthula | lingeyuqhuthula |
| Class 6 | ayoqhuthula | ayoqhuthula | eyoqhuthula | awayuqhuthula | angeyuqhuthula | engeyuqhuthula |
| Class 7 | siyoqhuthula | esiyoqhuthula | siyoqhuthula | asiyuqhuthula | esingeyuqhuthula | singeyuqhuthula |
| Class 8 | ziyoqhuthula | eziyoqhuthula | ziyoqhuthula | aziyuqhuthula | ezingeyuqhuthula | zingeyuqhuthula |
| Class 9 | iyoqhuthula | eyoqhuthula | iyoqhuthula | ayiyuqhuthula | engeyuqhuthula | ingeyuqhuthula |
| Class 10 | ziyoqhuthula | eziyoqhuthula | ziyoqhuthula | aziyuqhuthula | ezingeyuqhuthula | zingeyuqhuthula |
| Class 11 | luyoqhuthula | oluyoqhuthula | luyoqhuthula | aluyuqhuthula | olungeyuqhuthula | lungeyuqhuthula |
| Class 14 | buyoqhuthula | obuyoqhuthula | buyoqhuthula | abuyuqhuthula | obungeyuqhuthula | bungeyuqhuthula |
| Class 15 | kuyoqhuthula | okuyoqhuthula | kuyoqhuthula | akuyuqhuthula | okungeyuqhuthula | kungeyuqhuthula |
| Class 17 | kuyoqhuthula | okuyoqhuthula | kuyoqhuthula | akuyuqhuthula | okungeyuqhuthula | kungeyuqhuthula |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngiqhuthule | ngingaqhuthuli |
| 2nd singular | uqhuthule | ungaqhuthuli |
| 1st plural | siqhuthule | singaqhuthuli |
| 2nd plural | niqhuthule | ningaqhuthuli |
| Class 1 | aqhuthule | angaqhuthuli |
| Class 2 | baqhuthule | bangaqhuthuli |
| Class 3 | uqhuthule | ungaqhuthuli |
| Class 4 | iqhuthule | ingaqhuthuli |
| Class 5 | liqhuthule | lingaqhuthuli |
| Class 6 | aqhuthule | angaqhuthuli |
| Class 7 | siqhuthule | singaqhuthuli |
| Class 8 | ziqhuthule | zingaqhuthuli |
| Class 9 | iqhuthule | ingaqhuthuli |
| Class 10 | ziqhuthule | zingaqhuthuli |
| Class 11 | luqhuthule | lungaqhuthuli |
| Class 14 | buqhuthule | bungaqhuthuli |
| Class 15 | kuqhuthule | kungaqhuthuli |
| Class 17 | kuqhuthule | kungaqhuthuli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngaqhuthula | ngangaqhuthula, angaqhuthula, angangaqhuthula |
| 2nd singular | waqhuthula | wangaqhuthula, awaqhuthula, awangaqhuthula |
| 1st plural | saqhuthula | sangaqhuthula, asaqhuthula, asangaqhuthula |
| 2nd plural | naqhuthula | nangaqhuthula, anaqhuthula, anangaqhuthula |
| Class 1 | waqhuthula | wangaqhuthula, akaqhuthula, akangaqhuthula |
| Class 2 | baqhuthula | bangaqhuthula, abaqhuthula, abangaqhuthula |
| Class 3 | waqhuthula | wangaqhuthula, awaqhuthula, awangaqhuthula |
| Class 4 | yaqhuthula | yangaqhuthula, ayaqhuthula, ayangaqhuthula |
| Class 5 | laqhuthula | langaqhuthula, alaqhuthula, alangaqhuthula |
| Class 6 | aqhuthula | angaqhuthula, awaqhuthula, awangaqhuthula |
| Class 7 | saqhuthula | sangaqhuthula, asaqhuthula, asangaqhuthula |
| Class 8 | zaqhuthula | zangaqhuthula, azaqhuthula, azangaqhuthula |
| Class 9 | yaqhuthula | yangaqhuthula, ayaqhuthula, ayangaqhuthula |
| Class 10 | zaqhuthula | zangaqhuthula, azaqhuthula, azangaqhuthula |
| Class 11 | lwaqhuthula | lwangaqhuthula, alwaqhuthula, alwangaqhuthula |
| Class 14 | baqhuthula | bangaqhuthula, abaqhuthula, abangaqhuthula |
| Class 15 | kwaqhuthula | kwangaqhuthula, akwaqhuthula, akwangaqhuthula |
| Class 17 | kwaqhuthula | kwangaqhuthula, akwaqhuthula, akwangaqhuthula |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “qhuthula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “qhuthula (3.2.9)”