# 天際
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): tiānjì
    (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢ ㄐㄧˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): tin$^1$ zai$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): hen$^1$ dai$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thian-chè
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: tiānjì
*** Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢ ㄐㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: tianjì
*** Wade–Giles: tʻien$^1$-chi$^4$
*** Yale: tyān-jì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tianjih
*** Palladius: тяньцзи (tjanʹczi)
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: tin$^1$ zai$^3$
*** Yale: tīn jai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tin$^1$ dzai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: tin$^1$ zei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɐi̯³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: hen$^1$ dai$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hen³³ tai³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thian-chè
*** Tâi-lô: thian-tsè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tienzex
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡se²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɛn³³ t͡se⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² t͡se²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡se¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡se²¹/
* Middle Chinese: then tsjejH
Rime :
| Character | 天 | 際 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 透 (6) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) | 祭 (35) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 他前切 | 子例切 |
| Baxter | then | tsjejH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tʰen/ | /t͡siᴇi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tʰen/ | /t͡siɛi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tʰɛn/ | /t͡sjæi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tʰɛn/ | /t͡siaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tʰen/ | /t͡siɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tʰien/ | /t͡sĭɛi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tʰien/ | /t͡si̯ɛi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | tiān | jì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | tin$^1$ | zai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥ˤi[n]|l̥ˤi[n] [ts][a]p-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰl'iːn ʔsleds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 天 | 天 | 際 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | tiān | xiān | jì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ then › | ‹ xen › | ‹ tsjej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ˁi[n]/ | /*l̥ˁi[n]/ (W dialect: l̥ˁ- > Hàn-time *xˁ- > MC x-) | /*[ts][a]p-s/ |
| English | heaven | heaven | connection |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 天 | 際 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 12387 | 5840 |
| Phonetic component | 天 | 祭 |
| Rime group | 眞 | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 天 | 祭 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰl'iːn/ | /*ʔsleds/ |

### Noun

天際
* (literary) horizon; edge of the sky
    From: I Ching, 11th – 8th century BCE
    Fēng qí wū, tiānjì xiáng yě. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* 地平線／地平线 (dìpíngxiàn)
* 天邊／天边 (tiānbiān)

#### Derived terms

* 天際真人／天际真人
* 天際線／天际线 (tiānjìxiàn)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 天際(てんさい) (tensai)

#### See also

* 天涯 (tiānyá)