# irrogar
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin irrogāre, from in- +‎ rogō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [i.ruˈɣa]
* IPA: (Balearic) [i.roˈɣa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [i.roˈɣaɾ]

### Verb

irrogar (first-person singular present irrogo, first-person singular preterite irroguí, past participle irrogat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /ɔ/
* (transitive) to cause or produce (something damaging)

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | irrogar | irrogar | irrogar | irrogar | irrogar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | irrogant | irrogant | irrogant | irrogant | irrogant |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | irrogat | irrogat | irrogada | irrogada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | irrogats | irrogats | irrogades | irrogades |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| indicative | present | irrogo | irrogues | irroga | irroguem | irrogueu | irroguen |
| indicative | imperfect | irrogava | irrogaves | irrogava | irrogàvem | irrogàveu | irrogaven |
| indicative | future | irrogaré | irrogaràs | irrogarà | irrogarem | irrogareu | irrogaran |
| indicative | preterite | irroguí | irrogares | irrogà | irrogàrem | irrogàreu | irrogaren |
| indicative | conditional | irrogaria | irrogaries | irrogaria | irrogaríem | irrogaríeu | irrogarien |
| subjunctive | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| subjunctive | present | irrogui | irroguis | irrogui | irroguem | irrogueu | irroguin |
| subjunctive | imperfect | irrogués | irroguessis | irrogués | irroguéssim | irroguéssiu | irroguessin |
| imperative | | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès |
| imperative | affirmative | — | irroga | irrogui | irroguem | irrogueu | irroguin |
| imperative | negative (no) | — | no irroguis | no irrogui | no irroguem | no irrogueu | no irroguin |

### Further reading

* “irrogar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “irrogar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
* “irrogar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “irrogar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin irrogāre, from in- +‎ rogō.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /i.ʁoˈɡa(ʁ)/ [i.hoˈɡa(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /i.ʁoˈɡa(ʁ)/ [i.hoˈɡa(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /i.ʁoˈɡa(ɾ)/ [i.hoˈɡa(ɾ)]
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /i.ʁoˈɡa(ʁ)/ [i.χoˈɡa(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /i.ʁoˈɡa(ɻ)/ [i.hoˈɡa(ɻ)]
* (Portugal) IPA: /i.ʁuˈɡaɾ/ [i.ʁuˈɣaɾ]
* (Portugal) IPA: /i.ʁuˈɡaɾ/ [i.ʁuˈɣaɾ]
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /i.ʁuˈɡa.ɾi/ [i.ʁuˈɣa.ɾi]
* Hyphenation: ir‧ro‧gar

### Verb

irrogar (first-person singular present irrogo, first-person singular preterite irroguei, past participle irrogado)
* (transitive) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Related terms

* irrogação

### Further reading

* “irrogar”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
* “irrogar”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2024
* “irrogar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “irrogar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
* “irrogar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
* “irrogar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

## Spanish
### Etymology

From Latin irrogāre, from in- +‎ rogō.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /iroˈɡaɾ/ [i.roˈɣ̞aɾ]
* Rhymes: -aɾ
* Syllabification: i‧rro‧gar

### Verb

irrogar (first-person singular present irrogo, first-person singular preterite irrogué, past participle irrogado)
* (transitive) to cause harm or danger

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | irrogar | irrogar | irrogar | irrogar | irrogar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | irrogando | irrogando | irrogando | irrogando | irrogando |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | irrogado | irrogado | irrogada | irrogada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | irrogados | irrogados | irrogadas | irrogadas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | irrogo | irrogas$^{tú}$ irrogás$^{vos}$ | irroga | irrogamos | irrogáis | irrogan |
| indicative | imperfect | irrogaba | irrogabas | irrogaba | irrogábamos | irrogabais | irrogaban |
| indicative | preterite | irrogué | irrogaste | irrogó | irrogamos | irrogasteis | irrogaron |
| indicative | future | irrogaré | irrogarás | irrogará | irrogaremos | irrogaréis | irrogarán |
| indicative | conditional | irrogaría | irrogarías | irrogaría | irrogaríamos | irrogaríais | irrogarían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | irrogue | irrogues$^{tú}$ irrogués$^{vos2}$ | irrogue | irroguemos | irroguéis | irroguen |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | irrogara | irrogaras | irrogara | irrogáramos | irrogarais | irrogaran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | irrogase | irrogases | irrogase | irrogásemos | irrogaseis | irrogasen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | irrogare | irrogares | irrogare | irrogáremos | irrogareis | irrogaren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | irroga$^{tú}$ irrogá$^{vos}$ | irrogue | irroguemos | irrogad | irroguen |
| imperative | negative | | no irrogues | no irrogue | no irroguemos | no irroguéis | no irroguen |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

* “irrogar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014