# dian
## Central Dusun
### Noun

dian
* candle

## Esperanto
### Adjective

dian
* accusative singular of dia

## Finnish
### Noun

dian
* genitive singular of dia

## Iban
### Etymology

Borrowed from Malay dian, from Javanese ꦢꦶꦪꦤ꧀ (diyan).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈd̪ian]
* Hyphenation: di‧an

### Noun

dian
* wax candle

## Indonesian
### Etymology

From Malay dian, from Classical Malay dian, from Javanese ꦢꦶꦪꦤ꧀ (diyan, “lamp, lantern”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈd̪ian]
* Hyphenation: di‧an

### Noun

dian (plural dian-dian, first-person possessive dianku, second-person possessive dianmu, third-person possessive diannya)
* oil lamp
    Synonym: pelita

### Further reading

* “dian” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

## Irish
### Etymology

From Old Irish dían (“swift, rapid”), from Proto-Celtic *dēnos, from Proto-Indo-European *deyh₁- (“to chase away”); compare Ancient Greek δίεμαι (díemai, “hasten”), Sanskrit दीयति (dī́yati, “fly”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /dʲiən̪ˠ/, /dʲiənˠ/
* (Aran) IPA: /dʲeːn/

### Adjective

dian (genitive singular masculine déin, genitive singular feminine déine, plural diana, comparative déine)
* vehement, intense, violent, severe
* (obsolete) swift, quick

#### Declension

| | Singular | Singular | Plural (m/f) | Plural (m/f) |
| Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
| Nominative | dian | dhian | diana; dhiana² | diana; dhiana² |
| Vocative | dhéin | dhian | diana | diana |
| Genitive | dhéin | déine | diana | dian |
| Dative | dian; dhian¹ | dhian; dhéin (archaic) | diana; dhiana² | diana; dhiana² |
| Comparative | níos déine | níos déine | níos déine | níos déine |
| Superlative | is déine | is déine | is déine | is déine |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article. ² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

#### Derived terms

* dianghlasáil
* dianmhaith

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*dēno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 95
* ↑ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 80

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 dían”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “dian”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 239
* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “dian”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “dian”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “dian”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
* “dian”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
* Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 46

## Javanese
### Noun

dian
* Nonstandard spelling of diyan.

## Malay
### Etymology

From Javanese ꦢꦶꦪꦤ꧀ (diyan), possibly from Austroasiatic. Compare Angkorian Old Khmer dyān, dyan (“candle”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈd̪ian]
* Hyphenation: di‧an

### Noun

dian (plural dian-dian, informal 1st possessive dianku, 2nd possessive dianmu, 3rd possessive diannya)
* wax candle

#### Descendants

* Indonesian: dian
* → Iban: dian

### Further reading

* “dian” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

## Mandarin
### Romanization

dian
* Nonstandard spelling of diān.
* Nonstandard spelling of diǎn.
* Nonstandard spelling of diàn.

#### Usage notes

* Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

## Scottish Gaelic
### Etymology

From Old Irish dían (“swift, rapid”), from Proto-Celtic *dēnos, from Proto-Indo-European *deyh₁- (“fly, move swiftly”); compare Ancient Greek δίεμαι (díemai, “hasten”), Sanskrit दीयति (dī́yati, “fly”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃian/

### Adjective

dian (comparative dèine)
* passionate, enthusiastic, zealous, fervent, eager, keen

#### Synonyms

* dealasach
* dìoghrasach

#### Derived terms

* dian-amhairc (“stare”)
* dian-bhriathrach (“assertive”)
* dian-ruith (“rush”, noun)
* dian-thograch (“ambitious”)
* tuathanachas dian (“intensive farming”)

### References

* ↑ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*dēno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 95

## Swedish
### Noun

dian
* definite singular of dia

## Tagalog
### Pronunciation

* (Standard Tagalog) IPA: /diˈʔan/ [d̪ɪˈʔan̪]
* Rhymes: -an
* Syllabification: di‧an

### Adverb

dián (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒᜀᜈ᜔) (now dialectal)
* Alternative form of diyan

### Anagrams

* dani, inda