# bascophone
## English
### Adjective

bascophone (not generally comparable, comparative more bascophone, superlative most bascophone)
* Alternative letter-case form of Bascophone.
** 1981, William A. Douglass, Richard W. Etulain, “Periodicals”, in Basque Americans: A Guide to Information Sources (Ethnic Studies Information Guide Series; 6), Detroit, Mich.: Gale Research Company, →ISBN, page 10:EUZKO GOGOA. […] The works of many of the leading bascophone authors of the day appeared in this journal.
** 1999, Jacques M. Laroche, Linguistic Pluralism in France, Las Cruces, N.M.: New Mexico State University, page 11:His own involvement into collaborationalism is remote, limited to wild enthusiasm when meeting German bascophone linguists.
** 2005, Jan Mansvelt Beck, “Basque nationalism: a recent and modest phenomenon”, in Territory and Terror: Conflicting Nationalisms in the Basque Country, Abingdon, Oxon, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, page 110:The 1978 legislative elections are sometimes seen as the first time that Basque nationalism was connected with the so-called ethnic vote, as the Basque-speaking zones of the inland attained higher scores than French-speaking areas (Vrignon 1999: 224). Indeed, roughly speaking, 6 per cent of votes in the francophone urban area of Bayonne–Anglet–Biarritz were cast in support of the nationalist parties during the cantonal elections of 1998–2001, as opposed to almost 15 percent in the Euskera-speaking interior (Table 5.1). A closer look on Table 5.1, however, puts this image into perspective because in the interior the highest nationalist votes were cast not in the most bascophone areas, but in the interior of Labourd.
** 2008, Nekane Oroz Bretón, Pablo Sotés Ruiz, “Bilingual Education in Navarre: Achievements and Challenges”, in Jasone Cenoz, editor, Teaching Through Basque: Achievements and Challenges, Clevedon, Somerset: Multilingual Matters Ltd, →ISBN, page 22:The law divides the community into three specific areas: the bascophone, or Basque speaking, zone, the mixed zone and the non-bascophone, or non-Basque speaking, zone (see Figure 1). […] The Basque language is recognised as an official language only in the so-called ‘bascophone’ zone, where 10.8% of the total population lives. […] In public life, the law recognises that the inhabitants of the bascophone zone have the right to use the Basque language in their dealings with the administration.
** 2015, Thomas Pierre, “Against the Ethnicisation of Regional Territorial Minorities: Contribution from the Basque Experience in France”, in Sophie Croisy, editor, Globalization and “Minority” Cultures: The Role of “Minor” Cultural Groups in Shaping Our Global Future, Leiden: Brill Nijhoff, →ISBN, page 225:On the other hand, Basque-related circles claim that official use of euskara as the institutional framework would right a democratic deficit and a social injustice. They are not demanding a return to an exclusively bascophone Basque country.
** 2015, Kai A. Heidemann, “Theorizing School-Based Language Activism in the Basque Country and Beyond: A Social Movement Approach”, in Renée DePalma, Diane Brook Napier, Willibroad Dze-Ngwa, editors, Revitalizing Minority Voices: Language Issues in the New Millennium (The World Council of Comparative Education Societies), Rotterdam: Sense Publishers, →ISBN, page 77:Through unyielding commitment and strategizing, the proponents of the IM eventually expanded beyond the realm of bascophone preschooling and embarked on the running of bilingual primary schools by 1974.

### Noun

bascophone (plural bascophones)
* Alternative letter-case form of Bascophone.
** 1989, Bernard Oyharçabal, “Pro-drop and the Resumptive Pronoun Strategy in Basque”, in László Marácz, Pieter Muysken, editors, Configurationality: The Typology of Asymmetries, Dordrecht: Foris Publications, →ISBN, page 69:Sentences like (13) are very difficult to accept. The first one, for instance, is quite incomprehensible out of context, and will be dismissed by any bascophone hearing it without other explanation.
** 1993, F. Laroussi, J.-B. Marcellesi, “The other languages of France: towards a multilingual policy”, in Carol Sanders, editor, French Today: Language in Its Social Context, Cambridge, Cambs.: Cambridge University Press, published 1995, →ISBN, page 88:According to Haritschelhar, nobody is in a position to say how many bascophones there are on the French side of the border, although he suggests a tentative figure of some 80,000 speakers.
** a. 1998, New Language Planning Newsletter‎, Mysuru: Central Institute of Indian Languages:ABC municipalities have been divided into five different categories according to their percentages of bascophones, and each category must meet several requirements concerning language.
** 2005, Jan Mansvelt Beck, “Euskal Herria: rhetoric of commonness versus uncommon practice”, in Territory and Terror: Conflicting Nationalisms in the Basque Country, Abingdon, Oxon, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN:‘Basque-speaking’ is calculated as the sum of the percentages of bilinguals and bascophones.
** 2011, Ludger Mees, “The Völkisch Appeal: Nazi Germany, the Basques, and the Bretons”, in Sandra Ott, editor, War, Exile, Justice, and Everyday Life, 1936–1946, Reno, Nev.: Center for Basque Studies, University of Nevada, Reno, →ISBN, page 255:Arana preferred a Basque nation of Spanish-speaking but racially Basque inhabitants to a Basque Country of bascophones who were racially impure or non-Basque people: […]
** 2022, Joan Pujolar, “New speakers: Language and subjectivity”, in Miquel Àngel Pradilla Cardona, editor, Catalan Sociolinguistics: State of the Art and Future Challenges (IVITRA Research in Linguistics and Literature; 32), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 282:In the Basque Country, the term euskaldunberri (new bascophone) is considerably older, although it had only been used by the sociologist Gabriel Gatti (2007) in his study on “weak identities”.

## French
### Etymology

From basque +‎ -phone.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /bas.kɔ.fɔn/

### Adjective

bascophone (plural bascophones)
* Basque-speaking, Bascophone

### Noun

bascophone m or f by sense (plural bascophones)
* Basque-speaker, Bascophone
** 1924, Georges Lacombe, “La langue basque”, in A[ntoine] Meillet, Marcel Cohen, editors, Les langues du monde : par un groupe de linguistes, Paris: Librairie ancienne Édouard Champion, page 319:Il y a des bilingues, en proportions variées, dans tous les villages basques : et, dans certains d’entre eux, le total des bascophones est très intérieur a celui des personnes qui ne se servent que d’un idiome roman.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1978, Jokin Apalategi, Askatasunaren ibilaldia / Marcha de la libertad / Marche de la liberté, San Sebastián: Elkar, →ISBN, page 301, column 2:Arrêtons-nous -et soyons-en très inquiêt- sur ce chiffre angoissant de 3%de bascophones qui ”veulent maintenir l’Euskara pour des raisons de nationalisme”.(please add an English translation of this quotation)
** 1988, Henriette Walter, Le français dans tous les sens, Paris: Éditions Robert Laffont, →ISBN, page 129:En 1972, on estimait à environ un demi-million le nombre total des bascophones, dont environ 80 000 en France.(please add an English translation of this quotation)