# 夬

| 夬 | U+592C, &#22828; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-592C |
| ← 夫 [U+592B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 夭 → [U+592D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

夬 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 木大 (DK), four-corner 5003$_7$, composition ⿻𠃍大 or ⿻ユ人)
* parted
* fork
* certain
* 43rd hexagram of the I Ching

#### Derived characters

* 决, 抉, 訣 (诀), 缺 (蒛), 袂, 玦, 䏐, 赽, 趹, 蚗, 駃 (𫘝), 觖, 芵, 鴃, 鈌, 鴂, 妜, 砄, 刔, 疦, 㭈, 炔, 快, 㹟, 䦼, 吷, 块, 決, 快, 𢁪, 𢎹, 𨑣, 䀗, 䆕, 𤰮, 𤱉, 𥁍, 𥝭, 𫛞, 䊽, 𠜵, 𧖫, 䦑, 𡙇, 䫼, 𦑗, 𡙖, 𡥹, 𤱾, 𨾕, 𩂃, 𩚟, 𪩺

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 249, character 1
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5836
* Dae Jaweon: page 507, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 51, character 11
* Unihan data for U+592C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 夬 :
| Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 袂 | *mɡʷeds |
| 夬 | *kʷraːds |
| 快 | *kʰʷraːds |
| 駃 | *kʰʷraːds, *kʷeːd |
| 筷 | *kʰʷraːds |
| 炔 | *kʷeːds |
| 觖 | *kʰʷeds, *kʷeːd |
| 缺 | *kʰʷed, *kʰʷeːd |
| 蒛 | *kʰʷed |
| 吷 | *qʰʷed |
| 妜 | *qʷed, *qʷeːd |
| 決 | *kʷeːd, *qʰʷeːd |
| 訣 | *kʷeːd |
| 抉 | *kʷeːd, *qʷeːd |
| 玦 | *kʷeːd |
| 芵 | *kʷeːd |
| 赽 | *kʷeːd |
| 鴂 | *kʷeːd |
| 鈌 | *kʷeːd |
| 决 | *kʷeːd |
| 疦 | *kʷeːd, *qʰʷeːd |
| 蚗 | *kʷeːd |
| 趹 | *kʷeːd |
Pictogram (象形) — a hand wearing an archer's thumb ring (Li Xueqing, 2012).

### Etymology 1

Possibly related to Burmese ကွဲ (kwai:, “to be separated, burst”).

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guài (guai$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaai$^2$ / gwaai$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koái / koat
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guài
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guài
*** Wade–Giles: kuai$^4$
*** Yale: gwài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guay
*** Palladius: гуай (guaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwaai$^2$ / gwaai$^3$
*** Yale: gwáai / gwaai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwaai$^2$ / gwaai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guai$^2$ / guai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷaːi̯³⁵/, /kʷaːi̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koái / koat
*** Tâi-lô: kuái / kuat
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koae, koad
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kuai⁵³/, /kuat̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kuai⁵⁵⁴/, /kuat̚⁵/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuai⁵³/, /kuat̚³²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kuai⁵³/, /kuat̚³²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuai⁴¹/, /kuat̚³²/
* Middle Chinese: kwaejH
Rime :
| Character | 夬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 夬 (30) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古賣切 |
| Baxter | kwaejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠuai$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʷᵚai$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuai$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwaɨjs$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kuai$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kwæi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kwai$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | guài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gwaai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷˤret-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʷraːds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 夬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | guài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kwæj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ʷˁret-s/ |
| English | divide, make a breach |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 夬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4406 |
| Phonetic component | 夬 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 卦 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʷraːds/ |
| Notes | 本抉指初文 |

#### Definitions

夬
* resolute
* 43rd hexagram of the I Ching

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 夬 – see 決 (“to dredge; to dig; to burst; to break; to breach; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 決).

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 夬 – see 缺 (“incomplete; uncompleted; deficient; imperfect; flawed; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 缺).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### References

* ↑ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-WAY Finals (9. Split; to Split; Half)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 22

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: け (ke)、けち (kechi)
* Kan-on: かい (kai)、けつ (ketsu)
* Kun: わける (wakeru, 夬ける)、きめる (kimeru)、ゆがけ (yugake)

## Korean
### Hanja

夬 • (kwae) (hangeul 쾌, revised kwae, McCune–Reischauer k'wae)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

夬: Hán Nôm readings: quái
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation