# ⲕⲧⲁ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲕⲧⲟ (kto) — Bohairic, Sahidic, Lycopolitan, Akhmimic

### Etymology

Causative of ⲕⲱϯ (kōti)

### Verb

ⲕⲧⲁ • (kta)
* (Fayyumic, intransitive) to turn, surround
* (Fayyumic, transitive) make to turn, return, go round, surround
* (Fayyumic, stative) be turned, be around (of wall)
* (Fayyumic, reflexive) to turn oneself, return, bring round

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲕⲧⲁ kta | imperative | affirmative | ⲕⲧⲁ kta |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲕⲧⲁ štemkta | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲕⲧⲁ, ⲡⲉⲗⲕⲧⲁ mpelkta, pelkta |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲕⲧⲁ tikta | ⲕⲕⲧⲁ kkta | ⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁ tekta | ϥⲕⲧⲁ fkta | ⲥⲕⲧⲁ skta | ⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ tenkta | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ tetenkta | ⲥⲉⲕⲧⲁ sekta | ⲕⲧⲁ kta |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲕⲧⲁ eikta | ⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ ekkta | ⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ elekta | ⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ efkta | ⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ eskta | ⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ enkta | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ eletenkta | ⲉⲩⲕⲧⲁ eukta | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ ele- kta |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲕⲧⲁ etikta | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ etekkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁ etekta | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ etefkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ eteskta | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etenkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etetenkta | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ etoukta | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ ete- kta, etele- kta |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ naikta | ⲛⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ nakkta | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ nalekta | ⲛⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ nafkta | ⲛⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ naskta | ⲛⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ nankta | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ naletenkta | ⲛⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ naukta | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ nale- kta |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ aikta | ⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ akkta | ⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ alekta | ⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ afkta | ⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ askta | ⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ ankta | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ aletenkta | ⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ aukta | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ ale- kta |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ tinekta | ⲕⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ knekta | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ tenekta | ϥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ fnekta | ⲥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ snekta | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ tennekta | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ tetennekta | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ senekta | ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ nekta |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ einekta | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ eknekta | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ elenekta | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ efnekta | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ esnekta | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ ennekta | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ eletennekta | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ eunekta | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ ele- nekta |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ etinekta | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ eteknekta | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ etenekta | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ etefnekta | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ etesnekta | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ etennekta | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ etetennekta | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ etounekta | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ etele- nekta |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ nainekta | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ naknekta | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ nalenekta | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ nafnekta | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ nasnekta | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ nannekta | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ naletennekta | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ naunekta | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ nale- nekta |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ ainekta | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ aknekta | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ alenekta | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ afnekta | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ asnekta | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ annekta | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ aletennekta | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ aunekta | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ ale- nekta |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ aikta | ⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ akkta | ⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ alekta | ⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ afkta | ⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ askta | ⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ ankta | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ atetenkta | ⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ aukta | ⲁ- ⲕⲧⲁ a- kta |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲕⲧⲁ mpikta | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ mpekkta | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁ mpekta | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ mpefkta | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ mpeskta | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ mpenkta | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ mpetenkta | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ mpoukta | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ mpe- kta |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ eaikta | ⲉⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ eakkta | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ ealekta | ⲉⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ eafkta | ⲉⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ easkta | ⲉⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ eankta | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ eatetenkta | ⲉⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ eaukta | ⲉⲁ- ⲕⲧⲁ ea- kta |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲕⲧⲁ empikta | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ empekkta | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁ empekta | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ empefkta | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ empeskta | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ empenkta | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ empetenkta | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ empoukta | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ empe- kta |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ ntaikta | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ ntakkta | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ ntalekta | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ ntafkta | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ ntaskta | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ ntankta | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etaletenkta | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ ntaukta | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲕⲧⲁ nta- kta |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲕⲧⲁ etempikta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ etempekkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁ etempekta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ etempefkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ etempeskta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etempenkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etempetenkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ etempoukta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ etempe- kta |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ nneaikta | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ nneakkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ nnealekta | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ nneafkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ nneaskta | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ nneankta | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nneatetenkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ nneaukta | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲕⲧⲁ nnea- kta |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲕⲧⲁ nnempikta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ nnempekkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁ nnempekta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ nnempefkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ nnempeskta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnempenkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnempetenkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ nnempoukta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ nnempe- kta |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ aaikta | ⲁⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ aakkta | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ aalekta | ⲁⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ aafkta | ⲁⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ aaskta | ⲁⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ aankta | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etaletenkta | ⲁⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ aaukta | ⲁⲁ- ⲕⲧⲁ aa- kta |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲕⲧⲁ mpatikta | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ mpatekkta | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁ mpatekta | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ mpatefkta | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ mpateskta | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ mpatenkta | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ mpatetenkta | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ mpatoukta | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ mpate- kta |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲕⲧⲁ empatikta | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ empatekkta | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁ empatekta | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ empatefkta | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ empateskta | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ empatenkta | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ empatetenkta | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ empatoukta | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ empate- kta |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲕⲧⲁ etempatikta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ etempatekkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁ etempatekta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ etempatefkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ etempateskta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etempatenkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etempatetenkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ etempatoukta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ etempate- kta |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲕⲧⲁ nnempatikta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ nnempatekkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁ nnempatekta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ nnempatefkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ nnempateskta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnempatenkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnempatetenkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ nnempatoukta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ nnempate- kta |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ šaikta | ϣⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ šakkta | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ šalekta | ϣⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ šafkta | ϣⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ šaskta | ϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ šankta | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ šatetenkta | ϣⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ šaukta | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ šale- kta |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲕⲧⲁ meikta | ⲙⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ mekkta | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ melekta | ⲙⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ mefkta | ⲙⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ meskta | ⲙⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ menkta | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ meletenkta | ⲙⲉⲩⲕⲧⲁ meukta | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ mele- kta |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ ešaikta | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ ešakkta | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ ešalekta | ⲉϣⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ ešafkta | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ ešaskta | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ ešankta | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ ešatetenkta | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ ešaukta | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ ešale- kta |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲕⲧⲁ emeikta | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ emekkta | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ emelekta | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ emefkta | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ emeskta | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ emenkta | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ emeletenkta | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲕⲧⲁ emeukta | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ emele- kta |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ etešaikta, nšaikta | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ etešakkta, nšakkta | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ etešalekta, nšalekta | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ etešafkta, nšafkta | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ etešaskta, nšaskta | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ etešankta, nšankta | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etešatetenkta, nšatetenkta | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ etešaukta, nšaukta | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ etešale- kta, nšale- kta |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲕⲧⲁ etemeikta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ etemekkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ etemelekta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ etemefkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ etemeskta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etemenkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ etemeletenkta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲕⲧⲁ etemeukta | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ etemele- kta |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ nnešaikta | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ nnešakkta | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ nnešalekta | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ nnešafkta | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ nnešaskta | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnešankta | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnešatetenkta | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ nnešaukta | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ nnešale- kta |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲕⲧⲁ nnemeikta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ nnemekkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ nnemelekta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ nnemefkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ nnemeskta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnemenkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnemeletenkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲕⲧⲁ nnemeukta | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ nnemele- kta |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲕⲧⲁ nmeikta | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ nmekkta | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ nmelekta | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ nmefkta | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ nmeskta | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nmenkta | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nmeletenkta | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲕⲧⲁ nmeukta | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ nmele- kta |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲕⲧⲁ eiekta | ⲉⲕⲉⲕⲧⲁ ekekta | ⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ elekta | ⲉϥⲉⲕⲧⲁ efekta | ⲉⲥⲉⲕⲧⲁ esekta | ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ enekta | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ eletenekta | ⲉⲩⲉⲕⲧⲁ euekta | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ ele- kta |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲕⲧⲁ nnakta | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ nnekkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲁ nnekta | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ nnefkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ nneskta | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnenkta | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nnetenkta | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ nnoukta | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ nne- kta |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲕⲧⲁ malikta | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ malefkta | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ maleskta | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ malenkta | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ maloukta | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ male- kta |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲕⲧⲁ mpeltrikta | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ mpeltrefkta | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ mpeltreskta | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ mpeltrenkta | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲕⲧⲁ mpeltreukta | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ mpeltre- kta |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲧⲁ takta, ntakta | ⲛⲕⲕⲧⲁ nkkta | ⲛⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁ ntekta | ⲛϥⲕⲧⲁ nfkta | ⲛⲥⲕⲧⲁ nskta | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ ntenkta | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ ntetenkta | ⲛⲥⲉⲕⲧⲁ nsekta | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ nte- kta |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲕⲧⲁ talikta, ntalikta | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ talekkta, ntalekkta | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ talekta, ntalekta | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ talefkta, ntalefkta | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ taleskta, ntaleskta | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ talenkta, ntalenkta | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ taletenkta, ntaletenkta | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ taloukta, ntaloukta | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ tale- kta, ntale- kta |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲕⲧⲁ ntelikta | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ ntelekkta | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ ntelekta | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ ntelefkta | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ nteleskta | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ ntelenkta | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ nteletenkta | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ nteloukta | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ ntele- kta |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲕⲧⲁ šantikta | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲕⲧⲁ šantekkta | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲧⲁ šantekta | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲕⲧⲁ šantefkta | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲕⲧⲁ šanteskta | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ šantenkta | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ šantetenkta | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲕⲧⲁ šantoukta | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ šante- kta |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ eišankta | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ ekšankta | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ elešankta | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ efšankta | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ esšankta | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ enšankta | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ eletenšankta | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ eušankta | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲕⲧⲁ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲕⲧⲁ elešan- kta, elšan- kta |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲕⲧⲁ aikta | ⲁⲕⲕⲧⲁ akkta | ⲁⲗⲉⲕⲧⲁ alekta | ⲁϥⲕⲧⲁ afkta | ⲁⲥⲕⲧⲁ askta | ⲁⲛⲕⲧⲁ ankta | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲕⲧⲁ aletenkta | ⲁⲩⲕⲧⲁ aukta | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲕⲧⲁ ale- kta |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |

### Noun

ⲕⲧⲁ • (kta) m
* (Fayyumic) turning, return, what surrounds

### References

* Marcion Coptic dictionary