OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# رقصوا
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

رَقَصُوا • (raqaṣū) (form I) /ra.qa.sˤuː/
* third-person masculine plural past active of رَقَصَ (raqaṣa)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

رقصوا (form II)
* رَقَّصُوا (raqqaṣū) /raq.qa.sˤuː/: third-person masculine plural past active of رَقَّصَ (raqqaṣa)
* رُقِّصُوا (ruqqiṣū) /ruq.qi.sˤuː/: third-person masculine plural past passive of رَقَّصَ (raqqaṣa)
* رَقِّصُوا (raqqiṣū) /raq.qi.sˤuː/: second-person masculine plural imperative of رَقَّصَ (raqqaṣa)
# رقصي
## Arabic
### Verb

رَقِّصِي • (raqqiṣī) (form II) /raq.qi.sˤiː/
* second-person feminine singular imperative of رَقَّصَ (raqqaṣa)
# رقصید
## Persian
### Verb

رقصید • (raqsid)
* third-person singular preterite indicative of رقصیدن (raqsidan)
# رخختم
## Arabic
### Verb

رخختم (form I)
* رَخَخْتُمْ (raḵaḵtum) /ra.xax.tum/: second-person masculine plural past active of رَخَّ (raḵḵa)
* رُخِخْتُمْ (ruḵiḵtum) /ru.xix.tum/: second-person masculine plural past passive of رَخَّ (raḵḵa)
# سوسیالیسم دموکراتیک
## Persian
### Noun

سوسیالیسم دموکراتیک • (sosiyâlism-e demokrâtik)
* democratic socialism
# سُوٰریْ
## Kohistani Shina
### Noun

سُوٰریْ (sōray)
* dawn
* sunrise
# عشق‌آباد
## Persian
### Etymology

(Can this etymology be sourced?) Literally "city of love", from عشق ('ešq, “love”) +‎ ـآباد (-âbâd, “city”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʔiʃq.ʔɑː.ˈβɑːð]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪʃq.ʔɑː.bɑ́ːd̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʔɪʃq.ʔɑː.bɑ́ːd̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʔɪʃq.ʔɑː.bɑ́ːd̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʔiʃq.ʔɔː.bɔ́ːd̪̥]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʔeʃɢ.ʔɒː.bɒ́ːd̪̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʔäʃq.ʔɔ.bɔ́d̪]

### Proper noun

| Dari | عشق‌آباد |
| Iranian Persian | عشق‌آباد |
| Tajik | Ашқобод |
عشق‌آباد • ('ešq-âbâd)
* Ashgabat (the capital and largest city of Turkmenistan)
# عشوائية
## Arabic

* Root
* ع ش و (ʕ š w)
* 8 terms

### Pronunciation

IPA: /ʕaʃ.waː.ʔij.ja/

### Etymology 1

Relative noun (nisba) composed of عَشْوَاء +‎ ـِيَّة (-iyya).

#### Noun

عَشْوَائِيَّة • (ʕašwāʔiyya) f (plural عَشْوَائِيَّات (ʕašwāʔiyyāt))
* randomness
* purposelessness, arbitrariness

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Adjective

عَشْوَائِيَّة • (ʕašwāʔiyya) f
* feminine singular of عَشْوَائِيّ (ʕašwāʔiyy)
# عشن
## Arabic
### Etymology 1

* Root
* ع ش ن (ʕ š n)
* 2 terms

#### Verb

عَشَنَ • (ʕašana) I (non-past يَعْشُنُ (yaʕšunu), verbal noun عَشْن (ʕašn))
* to speak according to one's opinion, to speak one's mind freely, to give one's piece of mind, to say how one sees it

##### Conjugation
#### Verb

عَشَّنَ • (ʕaššana) II (non-past يُعَشِّنُ (yuʕaššinu), verbal noun تَعْشِين (taʕšīn))
* to declare or cause to be known what one is thinking

##### Conjugation
### Etymology 2
#### Verb

عِشْنَ • (ʕišna) (form I) /ʕiʃ.na/
* inflection of عَاشَ (ʕāša):
** third-person feminine plural past active
** second-person feminine plural imperative
# شاویدن
## Persian
### Etymology

Cognate with Old Armenian չու (čʻu).

### Verb

شاویدن • (šâvidan)
* to go
* to become

#### References

* Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “شاویدن”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
# شاه‌مات
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* شه‌مات (šah mât), شهمات (šahmât)
* شاهمات, شاه مات

### Etymology

Literally, “the king is amazed”, from شاه (šâh, “king”) +‎ مات (mât, “stunned, amazed”). When the term passed into Arabic before being borrowed into Romance languages, the second element was interpreted as مَاتَ (māta, “to die”). The Tajik usage of шоҳмот (šohmot) to mean "chess" is a phono-semantic matching of Russian шахматы (šaxmaty).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃɑːh.mɑːt]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑːɦ.mɑːt̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑːɦ.mɑːt̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃɑː.mɑːt̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃɔː.mɔːt̪]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃɒːɦ.mɒːt̪]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃɔɦ.mɔt̪]

### Noun

شاهمات • (šâh-mât)
* (chess) checkmate
    Synonym: کیش‌مات (kiš-mât)
* (Tajik) chess
    Synonym: شطرنج (šatranj)

### References

* ↑ Robert K. Barnhart, editor (1988), Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology, H. W. Wilson Co.
# شاهکار
## Persian
### Etymology

From شاه (šâh, “king”) +‎ کار (kâr, “work”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃɑːh.ˈkɑːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑːɦ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑːɦ.kʰɑ́ːɾ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃɑː.kʰɑ́ːɾ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃɔː.kʰɔ́ːɾ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃɒːɦ.kʰɒ́ːɹ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃɔɦ.kʰɔ́ɾ]

### Noun

| Dari | شاهکار |
| Iranian Persian | شاهکار |
| Tajik | шоҳкор |
شاهکار • (šâh-kâr)
* masterpiece
    Synonym: شاه‌اثر (šâh-asar)
* (by extension) something outstanding or exceptional (not just an artistic work)

#### Descendants

* → Hindi: शाहकार (śāhkār)
* → Punjabi:
    Gurmukhi script: ਸ਼ਾਹਕਾਰ (śāhkār)
    Shahmukhi script: شاہکار (śāhkār)
* Urdu: شاہکار (śāhkār), شہکار (śahkār)
# طے کرنا
## Urdu
### Verb

طَے کرنا • (tai karnā) (Hindi spelling तय करना)
* to decide, determine, fix

#### Conjugation

* Note: The second-person polite form آپ (āp) uses the third-person plural conjugation.

### References

* “کرنا طے کرنا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “tai-karnaa”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
# شدان
## Moroccan Arabic

* Root
* ش د د
* 2 terms

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃud.daːn/, /ʃad.daːn/

### Noun

شُدّان or شَدّان • (šuddān or šaddān) m
* verbal noun of شدّ (šadd)
# شدر
## Chadian Arabic

* Root
* ش د ر
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic شَجَر (šajar). j often becomes d under the influence of a sibilant. Compare دیش (dēš) and دحش (dahaš).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃa.dar/

### Noun

شدر • (šadar) m (collective, singulative شدراي f (šadarāy) or شدرة f (šadara), plural شدار (šudār))
* tree
    تحت الشدراي ― tihit aš-šadarāy, ― under the tree.

### References

* Heath, Judith, Mahadi, Mahamat Zene (2021) Lexique Arabe Tchadien-Français‎ (in French), 11th edition, N'Djamena, Chad: SIL Chad, page 30
* Absi, Samir Abu, Sinaud, Andre (1966) Spoken Chad Arabic, Washington D.C., USA: Peace Corps, page 44
# غاليات
## Arabic
### Noun

غَالِيَّات • (ḡāliyyāt) f pl
* plural of غَالِيَّة (ḡāliyya)
# غالية
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Noun

غَالِيَّة • (ḡāliyya) f (plural غَالِيَّات (ḡāliyyāt), masculine غَالِيّ (ḡāliyy))
* female equivalent of غَالِيّ (ḡāliyy)

##### Declension
#### Adjective

غَالِيَّة • (ḡāliyya) f
* feminine singular of غَالِيّ (ḡāliyy)

### Etymology 2
#### Adjective

غَالِيَة • (ḡāliya) f
* feminine singular of غَالٍ (ḡālin)
# غالی
## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic غَالِي (ḡālī).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɣɑː.liː/

### Adjective

غالی • (ğālī) (Hindi spelling ग़ाली)
* one who exceeds bounds
* extremist, fanatic
* costly, precious, valuable
* dear

### Noun

غالی • (ğālī) f (Hindi spelling ग़ाली)
* carpet
    Synonym: قالین (qālīn)

### References

* “غالی”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “غالی”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
# شنبر
## Arabic
### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian چنبر (čanbar).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃan.bar/

### Noun

شَنْبَر • (šanbar) m (plural شَنَابِر (šanābir))
* frame, ring, rim, hoop (in various technical applications)
* a kind of headscarf of a woman bound around, kerchief

#### Derived terms

* خِيَار شَنْبَر (ḵiyār šanbar, “golden shower tree (Cassia fistula)”)

#### Descendants

* Algerian Arabic: شنبير (šenbīr)

### References

* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “شنبر”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 789
* Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “شنبر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 676
# فیت
## Persian
### Noun

فیت • (feyt)
* (dialectal, Kazerun, Bushehr, Dashtestan) fist
* (dialectal, Kazerun, Bushehr, Dashtestan) punch
* (dialectal, Kazerun, Bushehr, Dashtestan) handful
# فیا
## Munji
### Noun

فیا (fīyā)
* shovel
# قاصق بتی
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From قاصق (kasık, “groin”) + بت (bit, “louse”).

### Noun

قاصق بتی • (kasık biti)
* crab louse, any parasitic insect that lives amongst the pubic hairs (Pthirus pubis)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: kasık biti

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kasık biti”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2456
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “قاصق بتی”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 350b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قاصق بتی”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 929
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Pediculus inguinalis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1260
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قاصق بتی”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3583
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قاصق بتی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1417
# عازب
## Arabic

* Root
* ع ز ب (ʕ z b)
* 4 terms

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕaː.zib/

### Noun

عَازِب • (ʕāzib) m
* bachelor

#### Declension
### References

* Baalbaki, Rohi (1995) “عازب”, in Al-Mawrid: A Modern Arabic-English Dictionary, 7th edition, Beirut: Dar El-Ilm Lilmalayin, →ISBN
* Баранов, Х. К. (2011) “عازب”, in Большой арабско-русский словарь (Bolʹšoj arabsko-russkij slovarʹ), 11th edition, Москва: Живой язык, →ISBN
* Lane, Edward William (1863) “عازب”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate
* Wehr, Hans (1960) “عازب”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 3rd edition, Ithaca, NY: Otto Harrassowitz
# عاش من شافك
## Iraqi Arabic

* This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

### Etymology

Literally, “Long live who saw you”.

### Pronunciation

* This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

### Phrase

عاش من شافك (ʕāš min šāfik)
* good to see you
# عثة
## Arabic

* Root
* ع ث ث (ʕ ṯ ṯ)
* 1 term

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕuθ.θa/

### Noun

عُثَّة • (ʕuṯṯa) f (plural عُثَث (ʕuṯaṯ) or عِثَاث (ʕiṯāṯ) or عُثّ (ʕuṯṯ))
* moth

#### Declension
### References

* “عثة” in Almaany

## Hijazi Arabic

* Root
* ع ث ث
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic عُثَّة (ʕuṯṯa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕit.ta/, [ʕɪt.ta]

### Noun

عثة • (ʕitta) f (plural عثث (ʕitat))
* moth
# قربانت بروم
## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Iran) IPA: [ɢoɾˈbɒːnæt̪ ˌbeɾævæm]

### Phrase

قربانت بروم • (qorbânat beravam)
* (literary) may I be sacrificed for you
    Synonyms: قربانت بشوم (qorbânat bešavam), قربانت شوم (qorbânat šavam); (colloquial) قربونت بشم (qorbunet bešam); فدایت بشوم (fadâyat bešavam), فدایت شوم (fadâyat šavam)

#### Usage notes

A kind of taarof used to show friendship or affection.

#### Synonyms

* (colloquial) قربونت برم (qorbunet beram), قربونت (qorbunet)
* (colloquial) فدات بشم (fadât bešam), فدات شم (fadât šam), فدات (fadât)
# عبال ما
## Hijazi Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʕa.baːl maː/

### Conjunction

عبال ما • (ʕabāl mā)
* while
* until
    Synonym: علبال (ʕalabāl)
# عباسي
## Arabic
### Etymology

Relative adjective (nisba) composed of عَبَّاس (ʕabbās, “Abbas (bin Abd al-Muttalib), uncle of Muhammad and ancestor of the Abbasid caliphs”) +‎ ـِيّ (-iyy).

### Adjective

عَبَّاسِيّ • (ʕabbāsiyy) (feminine عَبَّاسِيَّة (ʕabbāsiyya), masculine plural عَبَّاسِيُّونَ (ʕabbāsiyyūna), feminine plural عَبَّاسِيَّات (ʕabbāsiyyāt))
* (historical) Abbasid
# غلبه‌لك
## Ottoman Turkish
### Noun

غلبه‌لك • (galebelik)
* Alternative form of قالابالق (kalabalık)
# متنا
## Arabic
### Verb

متنا (form I)
* مُتْنَا (mutnā) /mut.naː/: first-person plural past active of مَاتَ (māta)
* مِتْنَا (mitnā) /mit.naː/: first-person plural past active of مَاتَ (māta)
# متنزه
## Arabic
### Etymology 1.1

* Root
* ن ز ه (n z h)
* 8 terms
Noun of place of the verb تَنَزَّهَ (tanazzaha).

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mu.ta.naz.zah/

#### Noun

مُتَنَزَّه • (mutanazzah) m (plural مُتَنَزَّهَات (mutanazzahāt))
* park, promenade, walk, stroll
    Synonym: مُنْتَزَه (muntazah)

##### Declension
### Etymology 1.2
#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mu.ta.naz.zih/

#### Noun

مُتَنَزِّه • (mutanazzih) m (plural مُتَنَزِّهُون (mutanazzihūn), feminine مُتَنَزِّهَة (mutanazziha))
* hiker, stroller, walker
# مرموت
## Malay
### Noun

مرموت (plural مرموت-مرموت or مرموت۲, informal 1st possessive مرموتکو, 2nd possessive مرموتمو, 3rd possessive مرموتڽ)
* Jawi spelling of marmut‎.
# مرموط
## Arabic
### Etymology

Borrowed from English marmot or from French marmotte.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mar.muːtˤ/

### Noun

مَرْمُوط • (marmūṭ) m (plural مَرَامِيط (marāmīṭ), feminine مَرْمُوطَة (marmūṭa))
* marmot
# قارىن
## Uyghur
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kạrïn. Cognates with Turkish karın.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qɑrin/

### Noun

قارىن • (qarin) (plural قارىنلار (qarinlar))
* (anatomy) belly, stomach

### References

* ↑ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “karın”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 661
* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Kạrɨn”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

### Further reading

* Schwarz, Henry G. (1992) An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN
# قاره
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology 1
#### Adjective

قاره • (kara)
* alternative spelling of قره (kara)

### Etymology 2

From Arabic قَارَّة (qārra).

#### Noun

قاره • (kara)
* terra firma, land, earth (as opposed to water or air)

##### Descendants

* Turkish: kara

## Persian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic قَارَّة (qārra).

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [qɑːɾ.ɾa]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɑːr.rä]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɑːr.rä]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [qɑːr.rä]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [qɔːr.rä]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [qɒːɹ.ɹe]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [qɔɾ.ɾä]

#### Noun

قارِّه • (qârre)
* continent

### Etymology 2

Compare Northern Kurdish qarîn (“to shout”). Perhaps related to (or a Arabicized form of) Bakhtiari Lorish گالَه (gāla) (: "to shout or scream loudly")

#### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [qɑːɾ.ɾa], [qɑː.ɾa]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɑːr.rä], [qɑː.ɾä]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [qɑːr.rä], [qɑː.ɾä]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [qɑːr.rä], [qɑː.ɾä]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [qɔːr.rä], [qɔː.ɾä]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [qɒːɹ.ɹe], [qɒː.ɹe]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [qɔɾ.ɾä], [qɔ.ɾä]

#### Noun

قارِّه • (qârre)
* (dialectal) lamentation
* (dialectal) cry
* (dialectal) shout
# قارىغاي
## Uyghur

Other scripts :
| Perso-Arabic | قارىغاي |
| Latin | ‍qarighay‍ |
| Cyrillic | қариғай |

### Etymology

From a Mongolic source according to Räsänen, see Middle Mongol *qaraɣai (“pine tree”). Cognate with Tatar карагай (qarağay, “larch tree”), Khakas харағай (xarağay, “pine tree”), Southern Altai карагай (karagay), Bashkir ҡарағай (qarağay), Shor қарағай, Karakalpak qaraǵay, Uzbek qaragʻay (“pine tree”), Kazakh қарағай (qarağai, “pine, spruce”), Kyrgyz карагай (karagay, “spruce”), Karachay-Balkar къаракъай (qaraqay, “coniferous”), etc.

### Noun

قارىغاي • (qarighay) (plural قارىغايلار (qarighaylar))
* pine, spruce
# مضغتم
## Arabic
### Verb

مضغتم (form I)
* مَضَغْتُمْ (maḍaḡtum) /ma.dˤaɣ.tum/: second-person masculine plural past active of مَضَغَ (maḍaḡa)
* مُضِغْتُمْ (muḍiḡtum) /mu.dˤiɣ.tum/: second-person masculine plural past passive of مَضَغَ (maḍaḡa)
# قاعة طعام
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qaː.ʕa tˤa.ʕaːm/

### Noun

قَاعَة طَعَام • (qāʕa(t) ṭaʕām) f (plural قَاعَات طَعَام (qāʕāt ṭaʕām))
* dining hall
* food court
# قاطور
## Arabic
### Etymology

From French alligator, from English alligator.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /qaː.tˤuːr/

### Noun

قَاطُور • (qāṭūr) m (plural قَوَاطِير (qawāṭīr))
* alligator
# مضغ
## Arabic

* Root
* م ض غ (m ḍ ḡ)
* 2 terms

### Verb

مَضَغَ • (maḍaḡa) I (non-past يَمْضَغُ (yamḍaḡu) or يَمْضُغُ (yamḍuḡu), verbal noun مَضْغ (maḍḡ))
* to chew, to masticate, to gum

#### Descendants

* Maltese: magħad

### Noun

مَضْغ • (maḍḡ) m
* verbal noun of مَضَغَ (maḍaḡa) (form I)
** chewing, crunch, mastication

#### Declension
### Noun

مَضَغ • (maḍaḡ) m (collective, singulative مَضَغَة f (maḍaḡa))
* (al-Andalus) common hawthorn, European hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna)
** c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802$^{IA}$, Cap. 7, Art. 18, pages 272–273:

#### Declension
### Noun

مُضَغ • (muḍaḡ) pl
* plural of مُضْغَة (muḍḡa)

## Moroccan Arabic
### Etymology

* Root
* م ض غ
* 1 term
From Arabic مَضَغَ (maḍaḡa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mdˤaɣ/
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

مضغ • (mḍaḡ) I (non-past يمضغ (yimḍaḡ))
* to chew, to gum
    مضغ ماكلتك مزيان. ― mḍaḡ mākeltak mezyān ― Chew your food properly.

#### Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## South Levantine Arabic

* Root
* م ض غ
* 1 term

### Etymology

From Arabic مَضَغَ (maḍaḡa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ma.dˤaɣ/, [ˈmɑ.dˤɑɣ]
* Audio (al-Lidd):(file)

### Verb

مضغ • (maḍaḡ) I (present بمضغ (bomḍoḡ))
* to chew

#### Conjugation

Conjugation of مضغ (maḍaḡ) :
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| past | m | مضغت (maḍaḡt) | مضغت (maḍaḡt) | مضغ (maḍaḡ) | مضغنا (maḍaḡna) | مضغتو (maḍaḡtu) | مضغو (maḍaḡu) |
| past | f | مضغت (maḍaḡt) | مضغتي (maḍaḡti) | مضغت (maḍḡat) | مضغنا (maḍaḡna) | مضغتو (maḍaḡtu) | مضغو (maḍaḡu) |
| present | m | بمضغ (bamḍoḡ) | بتمضغ (btomḍoḡ) | بمضغ (bomḍoḡ) | منمضغ (mnomḍoḡ) | بتمضغو (btomḍoḡu) | بمضغو (bomḍoḡu) |
| present | f | بمضغ (bamḍoḡ) | بتمضغي (btomḍoḡi) | بتمضغ (btomḍoḡ) | منمضغ (mnomḍoḡ) | بتمضغو (btomḍoḡu) | بمضغو (bomḍoḡu) |
| subjunctive | m | أمضغ (ʔamḍoḡ) | تمضغ (tomḍoḡ) | يمضغ (yomḍoḡ) | نمضغ (nomḍoḡ) | تمضغو (tomḍoḡu) | يمضغو (yomḍoḡu) |
| subjunctive | f | أمضغ (ʔamḍoḡ) | تمضغي (tomḍoḡi) | تمضغ (tomḍoḡ) | نمضغ (nomḍoḡ) | تمضغو (tomḍoḡu) | يمضغو (yomḍoḡu) |
| imperative | m | | امضغ (omḍoḡ) | | | امضغو (omḍoḡu) | |
| imperative | f | | امضغي (omḍoḡi) | | | امضغو (omḍoḡu) | |
# مالق
## Arabic
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maː.laq/

### Noun

مَالَق • (mālaq) m (plural مَوَالِق (mawāliq))
* Obsolete form of مَالَج (mālaj).
# قیش
## Azerbaijani
### Noun

قیش (qış) (definite accusative قیشی (qışı), plural قیشلار (qışlar))
* Arabic spelling of qış (“winter”)

#### Declension
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kïĺ.

### Adjective

قیش • (kış)
* winter

#### Descendants

* Gagauz: kış
* Turkish: kış
* → Laz: კიში (ǩişi)

#### See also

Seasons in Ottoman Turkish · موسملر (mevsimler, “seasons”) (layout · text) · category :
| بهار (bahar, “spring”) | یاز (yaz, “summer”) | گوز (güz, “autumn”) | قیش (kış, “winter”) |
# قیصری
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Byzantine Greek Καισάρεια (Kaisáreia), from Latin Caesarea, from Caesar + -ēa in honor of the Roman emperor Augustus. Doublet of قیساریه.

### Proper noun

قیصری • (Kayseri)
* Kayseri (a city and province in Central Anatolia, Turkey)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: Kayseri

### Further reading

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–) “Kayseri”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
* Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Kayseri”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 442
# منفعت
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مَنْفَعَة (manfaʕa).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [man.fa.ˈʔat]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäɱ.fä.ʔǽt̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mäɱ.fä.ʔǽt̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mäɱ.fɑːǽt̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mäɱ.fɔːǽt̪]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mæɱ.fæ.ʔǽt̪]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mäɱ.fä.ʔǽt̪]

### Noun

منفعت • (manfa'at) (plural منافع (manâfe') or منفعت‌ها (manfa'at-hâ))
* profit; gain
    Synonym: سود (sud)
** 1258, Shaykh Muṣliḥ-ud-Dīn Saʿdī of Shiraz, translated by Wheeler M. Thackston, The Gulistan (Rose Garden) of Sa’di: Bilingual English and Persian Edition with Vocabulary, Bethesda, MD: Ibex Publishers, published 2008, →ISBN, page 89:پسر گفت ای پدر، فواید سفر بسیار است. از نزهت خاطر و جر منافع و دیدن عجایب و شنیدن غرایب و تفرج بلدان و مجاورت خلان و تحصیل جاه و ادب و مزید مال و مکتسب و معرفت یاران و تجربت روزگاران […]pisar guft ay pidar, fawāyid-i safar bisyār ast, az nuzhat-i xātir u jarr-i manāfi' u dīdan-i ajāyib u šenīdan-i ğarāyib u tafarruj-i buldān u mujāwarat-i xullān u tahsīl-i jāh u adab u mazīd-i māl u muktasab u ma'rifat-i yārān u tajrubat-i rōzgārān […] ”Father,” said the son, “the benefits of travel are many—diversion for the mind, acquisition of profit, seeing wonders, hearing strange things, seeing different countries, getting to know new people, acquiring status, increase in wealth, acquiring knowledge, making the acquaintance of new friends, and experience of the world […] ”(Classical Persian romanization)
* advantage; benefit; use
# مهمات
## Arabic
### Noun

مُهِمَّات • (muhimmāt) f pl
* plural of مُهِمَّة (muhimma)

## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic مُهِمَّات (muhimmāt), plural of مُهِمَّة (muhimma).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [mu.him.ˈmɑːt]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mo̞.ɦɪm.mɑ́ːt̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [mo̞.ɦɪm.mɑ́ːt̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [mʊ.jɪm.mɑ́ːt̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [mu.jim.mɔ́ːt̪]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [mo.ɦem.mɒ́ːt̪]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [mu.ɦim.mɔ́t̪]

### Noun

مهمات • (mohemmât)
* ammunition
# مەنتىقىي
## Uyghur
### Etymology

From Arabic مَنْطِقِيّ (manṭiqiyy). By surface analysis, مەنتىق (mentiq, “logic”) +‎ ـىي (-iy). Cognates with Turkish mantıki.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /mɛntiqij/

### Adjective

مەنتىقىي • (mentiqiy)
* logical, rational, reasonable
# نماز خواندن
## Persian
### Etymology

From نماز (namâz, “prayer”) +‎ خواندن (xândan, “to read, to recite”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [na.mɑːz xʷɑːn.dan]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [nä.mɑːz xɑːn̪.d̪än]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [nä.mɑːz xɑːn̪.d̪än]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [nä.mɑːz xɑːn̪.d̪än]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [nä.mɔːz xɔːn̪.d̪än]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [næ.mɒːz xɒːn̪.d̪æn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [nä.mɔz χɔn̪.d̪än]

### Verb

نماز خواندن • (namâz xândan)
* to perform a prescribed, regular prayer; (in Islam specifically) to perform salat

#### See also

* دعا کردن (do'â kardan, “to pray”)
# نجن
## Arabic
### Verb

نجن (form I)
* نَجُنُّ (najunnu) /na.d͡ʒun.nu/: first-person plural non-past active indicative of جَنَّ (janna)
* نُجَنُّ (nujannu) /nu.d͡ʒan.nu/: first-person plural non-past passive indicative of جَنَّ (janna) and جُنَّ (junna)
* نَجُنَّ (najunna) /na.d͡ʒun.na/: first-person plural non-past active subjunctive/jussive of جَنَّ (janna)
* نُجَنَّ (nujanna) /nu.d͡ʒan.na/: first-person plural non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of جَنَّ (janna) and جُنَّ (junna)
* نَجُنِّ (najunni) /na.d͡ʒun.ni/: first-person plural non-past active jussive of جَنَّ (janna)
* نُجَنِّ (nujanni) /nu.d͡ʒan.ni/: first-person plural non-past passive jussive of جَنَّ (janna) and جُنَّ (junna)