# 粿

| 粿 | U+7CBF, &#31935; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CBF |
| ← 精 [U+7CBE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 糀 → [U+7CC0] |

## Translingual
### Han character

粿 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 火木田木 (FDWD), four-corner 9699$_4$, composition ⿰米果)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 910, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26998
* Dae Jaweon: page 1337, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3152, character 8
* Unihan data for U+7CBF

## Chinese

* 粿 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 粿 (Cantonese)
* ké (Southern Min)

### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 裸 | *ɡ·roːlʔ |
| 躶 | *ɡ·roːlʔ |
| 果 | *kloːlʔ |
| 菓 | *kloːlʔ |
| 猓 | *kloːlʔ |
| 輠 | *kloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ, *kʰluːls |
| 裹 | *kloːlʔ, *kloːls |
| 蜾 | *kloːlʔ |
| 惈 | *kloːlʔ |
| 粿 | *kloːlʔ |
| 窠 | *kʰloːl |
| 稞 | *kʰloːl, *ɡroːlʔ |
| 課 | *kʰloːl, *kʰloːls |
| 髁 | *kʰloːl, *kʰloːls, *kʰroːlʔ |
| 棵 | *kʰloːl, *kʰloːnʔ, *ɡloːnʔ |
| 顆 | *kʰloːlʔ |
| 堁 | *kʰloːlʔ, *kʰloːls, *kloːns |
| 敤 | *kʰloːlʔ, *kʰloːls |
| 夥 | *qʰloːlʔ, *ɡloːlʔ, *ɡroːlʔ |
| 婐 | *qloːlʔ, *kroːl |
| 踝 | *ɡroːlʔ |
| 祼 | *ɡluːlʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kloːlʔ) : semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 果 (OC *kloːlʔ)

### Etymology

Probably the same word as 果 (OC *kloːlʔ, “fruit”) (Jerry Norman apud Schuessler, 2007).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): guǒ (guo$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gwo$^2$
* Eastern Min (BUC): guōi
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ké / kér / kóe
    (Teochew, Peng'im): guê$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: guǒ
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: guǒ
*** Wade–Giles: kuo$^3$
*** Yale: gwǒ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guoo
*** Palladius: го (go)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku̯ɔ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gwo$^2$
*** Yale: gwó
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gwo$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: guo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷɔː³⁵/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: guōi
*** Sinological IPA : /kui³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ké
*** Tâi-lô: ké
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kea
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /ke⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kér
*** Tâi-lô: kér
*** IPA (Kinmen): /kə⁵³/
*** IPA (Lukang): /kə⁵⁵/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kə⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóe
*** Tâi-lô: kué
*** Phofsit Daibuun: koea
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou, Tainan, Yilan): /kue⁵³/
*** IPA (Singapore): /kue⁴²/
*** IPA (Zhangpu): /kuɛ⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: guê$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kué
*** Sinological IPA : /kue⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: kwaX
Rime :
| Character | 粿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 古火切 |
| Baxter | kwaX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kuɑ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kuɑ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kuɑ$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kwa$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /kuɑ$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /kuɑ$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kuɑ$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | guǒ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gwo$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kloːlʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 粿 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4774 |
| Phonetic component | 果 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 果 |
| Old Chinese | /*kloːlʔ/ |

### Definitions

粿
* rice cake, typically steamed and made from glutinous rice; kuih

#### Descendants

* → English: kuih, kueh
* → Malay: kuih
* → Sundanese: kuéh

### Compounds

* 三角粿 (sānjiǎoguǒ)
* 挹墓粿
* 挨粿
* 柿粿
* 水浸粿
* 水粿
* 油炸粿 (yóuzháguǒ)
* 油蔥粿／油葱粿
* 炒粿 (chǎoguǒ)
* 炊粿
* 烏糖粿／乌糖粿
* 煎粿
* 狀元粿／状元粿
* 甜粿
* 發粿／发粿
* 碗粿 (wǎnguǒ)
* 磨粿
* 筍粿／笋粿 (sǔnguǒ)
* 管仔粿
* 粉粿 (fěnguǒ)
* 粿仔
* 粿印
* 粿條／粿条 (guǒtiáo)
* 粿模
* 粿箬
* 粿粞
* 粿粽 (guǒzòng)
* 粿路
* 粿酺
* 粿𩛩／粿𩠃 (guê2 gaoh4)
* 糖粿
* 紅桃粿／红桃粿 (hóngtáoguǒ)
* 紅龜粿／红龟粿 (hóngguīguǒ)
* 芋粿 (yùguǒ)
* 芋粿曲
* 草仔粿
* 草粿 (cǎoguǒ)
* 菜頭粿／菜头粿
* 豬血粿／猪血粿
* 面煎粿 (miànjiānguǒ)
* 飯粿／饭粿 (fànguǒ)
* 餾粿／馏粿
* 鹹粿／咸粿
* 鹼仔粿／碱仔粿
* 鼠麴粿／鼠曲粿

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): か (ka)、げ (ge)
* Kun: しらげよね (shirageyone)