# actio
## English
### Etymology

From Latin āctiō.

### Noun

actio (uncountable)
* (rhetoric) The use of voice and gestures in oratory; the style of delivery of a speech.

#### Related terms

* actio popularis

## Latin
### Etymology

From āctum +‎ -tiō, using the supine of agō (“do, make”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈaːk.ti.oː/, [ˈäːkt̪ioː]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈak.t͡si.o/, [ˈäkt̪͡s̪io]

### Noun

āctiō f (genitive āctiōnis); third declension
* action; a doing or performing, behavior
    Synonyms: gestum, factum, facinus, rēs, coeptum, āctus
* public function, civil act
* (law) suit, process, action
* gesticulation made while speaking
* (drama) the action, plot, series of events

#### Declension

Third-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | āctiō | āctiōnēs |
| Genitive | āctiōnis | āctiōnum |
| Dative | āctiōnī | āctiōnibus |
| Accusative | āctiōnem | āctiōnēs |
| Ablative | āctiōne | āctiōnibus |
| Vocative | āctiō | āctiōnēs |

#### Related terms

* agō

#### Descendants

* → Asturian: aición, aciu
* → Belarusian: а́кцыя (ákcyja)
* → Catalan: acció
* → Corsican: azzione, azzioni
* → Czech: akce
* → Dutch: actie
** → German: Aktie
** → Danish: aktie
** → Malay: aksi
* Friulian: azion
* → Galician: acción
* → Georgian: აქცია (akcia)
* → German: Aktion
* → Italian: azione
* Ladin: azion
* → Ladino: aksión
* → Occitan: accion
* → Old French: action
** → Middle English: accion, accioun, accyon, accyoune, acsyon, action, actioun
*** English: action
**** → Arabic: أَكْشِن (ʔakšin)
**** → Bulgarian: екшън (ekšǎn)
**** → German: Action
**** → Irish: aicsean
**** → Hebrew: אקשן (akshn)
**** → Japanese: アクション (akushon)
**** → Korean: 액션 (aeksyeon)
**** → Russian: экшн (ekšn)
*** Scots: action
** French: action
*** → Romanian: acțiune
* Piedmontese: assion
* → Polish: akcja, akcyja (Middle Polish), akcya (pre-reform orthography (1816)) (learned)
** → Kashubian: akcjô
* → Portuguese: ação
* → Russian: а́кция (ákcija)
* → Serbo-Croatian: а̀кција, àkcija
* Sicilian: azziuni, azzioni
** → Maltese: azzjoni
* → Spanish: acción
* → Ukrainian: а́кція (ákcija)

### References

* “actio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “actio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
* actio in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* actio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co. practical philosophy: philosophia, quae in actione versatur the treatment of the piece: actio delivery: actio (Brut. 38) the delivery is rather halting, poor: actio paulum claudicat a private, civil prosecution: actio, petitio
* “actio”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “actio”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

## Welsh
### Etymology

act +‎ -io

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈaktjɔ/

### Verb

actio (first-person singular present actiaf)
* (acting) to act

#### Conjugation

| | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | impersonal | impersonal |
| | first | second | third | first | second | third | impersonal | impersonal |
| present indicative/future | actiaf | ecti | actia | actiwn | ectiwch, actiwch | actiant | ectir |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | actiwn | ectit | actiai | actiem | actiech | actient | ectid |
| preterite | ectiais | ectiaist | actiodd | actiasom | actiasoch | actiasant | actiwyd |
| pluperfect | actiaswn | actiasit | actiasai | actiasem | actiasech | actiasent | actiasid, actiesid |
| present subjunctive | actiwyf | ectiech | actio | actiom | actioch | actiont | actier |
| imperative | — | actia | actied | actiwn | ectiwch, actiwch | actient | actier |
| verbal noun | actio | actio | actio | actio | actio | actio | actio |
| verbal adjectives | actiedig actiadwy | actiedig actiadwy | actiedig actiadwy | actiedig actiadwy | actiedig actiadwy | actiedig actiadwy | actiedig actiadwy |
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| Inflected colloquial forms | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| future | actia i, actiaf i | acti di | actith o/e/hi, actiff e/hi | actiwn ni | actiwch chi | actian nhw |
| conditional | actiwn i, actswn i | actiet ti, actset ti | actiai fo/fe/hi, actsai fo/fe/hi | actien ni, actsen ni | actiech chi, actsech chi | actien nhw, actsen nhw |
| preterite | actiais i, acties i | actiaist ti, actiest ti | actiodd o/e/hi | action ni | actioch chi | action nhw |
| imperative | — | actia | — | — | actiwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |||||||

#### Related terms

* actor (“actor”)
* actores (“actress”)

### Further reading

* R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “actio”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies