# 비타
## Middle Korean
### Alternative forms

* 빟다 (pihta, phonemically faithful orthography rarely actually used but normal in modern scholarship)

### Etymology

Perhaps derived from 비〮 (pí, “rain”) by adding the verb stem ᄒᆞ (ho-, “to do”) > ㅎ (-h); compare 나타〮 (nàthá, “to give birth”), derived in this same manner from 나다〮 (nàtá, “to come out”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pìh.tá/, [pì.tʰá]

### Verb

비타〮 (pìthá) (infinitive 비허〮, sequential 비흐니〮) (transitive)
* to sprinkle, to scatter
** 1447, 釋譜詳節 / 석보상절 [Seokbo sangjeol], page 13:26:이〮제 世(셰)尊(존)이〮 큰〮 法(법)을〮 니르시며〮 큰〮 法(법)雨(우)를〮 비흐시〮며〮ícèy SYEY.CWON-í khún PEP-úl nìlùsìmyé khún PEP.WU-lúl pìhùsímyéNow the World-Honored [Buddha] utters the Great Dharma and scatters the Great Dharma Rain
** 1459, 月印釋譜 / 월인석보 [Worin seokbo], page 11:9:香(햐ᇰ) 퓌우며〮 곳 비허〮 太(태)子(ᄌᆞ)ᄅᆞᆯ〮 供(고ᇰ)養(야ᇰ)ᄒᆞ〮ᅀᆞᆸ고〮HYANG pwùywùmyé kwòs pìhé THAY.CO-lól KWONG.YANG-hózòpkwóSpreading perfume and scattering flowers, one makes offerings to the Prince
** 1463, 妙法蓮華經諺解 / 묘법연화경언해 [Myobeopyeonhwagyeong eonhae], page 6:182:靑(쳐ᇰ)蓮(련)華(화)애〮 抹(말)香(햐ᇰ)ᄋᆞᆯ〮 ᄀᆞᄃᆞ기 다마〮 그 우희〮 供(고ᇰ)養(야ᇰ)ᄒᆞ〮야〮 비코〮CHYENG.LYEN.HWA-áy MAL.HYANG-ól kòtòkì tàmá kù wùh-úy KWONG.YANG-hóyá pìkhwóOne fills the top of the green lotus [seeds] with powder incense, and scatters them as an offering

#### Conjugation

Selected conjugations of 비타〮 (pìthá), Accentual class L! :
| Note that the majority of the forms below are unattested for any one verb. Orthography and pitch accent assignment can vary between sources. ||||||
| Selected plain sentence-final forms ||||||
| | Declarative | Interrogative | Interrogative | Interrogative | Modulated declarative |
| | Declarative | Polar question | Wh-word question | Second-person subject | Modulated declarative |
| Past | 비타〮 (pìthá) 비흐니〮라〮 (pìhùnílá) | 비흔가〮 (pìhùnká) 비흐녀〮 (pìhùnyé) | 비흔고〮 (pìhùnkwó) 비흐뇨〮 (pìhùnyó) | 비흔다〮 (pìhùntá) | 비후〮라〮 (pìhwúlá) |
| Present | 빈ᄂᆞ다〮 (pìnnòtá) 빈ᄂᆞ니〮라〮 (pìnnònílá) | 빈ᄂᆞᆫ가〮 (pìnnònká) 빈ᄂᆞ녀〮 (pìnnònyé) | 빈ᄂᆞᆫ고〮 (pìnnònkwó) 빈ᄂᆞ뇨〮 (pìnnònyó) | 빈ᄂᆞᆫ다〮 (pìnnòntá) | 빈노〮라〮 (pìnnwólá) |
| Conjectural | 비흐리〮라〮 (pìhùlílá) | 비흐ᇙ가〮 (pìhùlqká) 비흐려〮 (pìhùlyé) | 비흐ᇙ고〮 (pìhùlqkwó) 비흐료〮 (pìhùlyó) | 비흐ᇙ다〮 (pìhùlqtá) | 비후〮리라〮 (pìhwúlìlá) |
| Retrospective/ imperfective | 비터〮라〮 (pìthélá) 비터〮니라〮 (pìthénìlá) | 비턴〮가〮 (pìthénká) 비터〮녀〮 (pìthényé) | 비턴〮고〮 (pìthénkwó) 비터〮뇨〮 (pìthényó) | 비턴〮다〮 (pìthéntá) | 비타〮라〮 (pìthálá) |
| 거 (-ke-) form | 비허〮다〮 (pìhétá) 비허〮니라〮 (pìhénìlá) | 비허〮녀〮 (pìhényé) | 비허〮뇨〮 (pìhényó) | 비헌〮다〮 (pìhéntá) | 비콰〮라〮 (pìkhwálá) |
| Promissive/Hortative | Promissive/Hortative | Imperative | Imperative | Exclamatory/Emotive | Exclamatory/Emotive |
| 비후〮마〮 (pìhwúmá, promissive) 비쳐〮 (pìchyé, hortative) | 비후〮마〮 (pìhwúmá, promissive) 비쳐〮 (pìchyé, hortative) | 비흐라〮 (pìhùlá, order) 비코〮라〮 (pìkhwólá, request) | 비흐라〮 (pìhùlá, order) 비코〮라〮 (pìkhwólá, request) | 비흔뎌〮 (pìhùntyé), 비흘쎠〮 (pìhùlssyé) 비토〮다〮 (pìthwótá), 비톳〮다〮 (pìthwóstá) 비헤〮라〮 (pìhéylá) | 비흔뎌〮 (pìhùntyé), 비흘쎠〮 (pìhùlssyé) 비토〮다〮 (pìthwótá), 비톳〮다〮 (pìthwóstá) 비헤〮라〮 (pìhéylá) |
| Selected highly deferential sentence-final forms ||||||
| Past | 비흐ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhùngìtá) 비흐니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhùníngìtá) | 비흐니〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮 (pìhùníngìská) | 비흐니〮ᅌᅵᆺ고〮 (pìhùníngìskwó) | no separate forms | 비후〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhwúngìtá) |
| Present | 빈ᄂᆞᅌᅵ다〮 (pìnnòngìtá) 빈ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìnnòníngìtá) | 빈ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮 (pìnnòníngìská) | 빈ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ고〮 (pìnnòníngìskwó) | no separate forms | 빈노〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìnnwóngìtá) |
| Conjectural | 비흐리〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhùlíngìtá) | 비흐리〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮 (pìhùlíngìská) | 비흐리〮ᅌᅵᆺ고〮 (pìhùlíngìskwó) | no separate forms | 비후〮리〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhwúlíngìtá) |
| Promissive/Hortative | Promissive/Hortative | Imperative | Imperative | Exclamatory/Emotive | Exclamatory/Emotive |
| 비후〮마〮 (pìhwúmá, promissive) 비싸〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìssángìtá, hortative) | 비후〮마〮 (pìhwúmá, promissive) 비싸〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìssángìtá, hortative) | 비흐쇼〮셔〮 (pìhùsyósyé, order) 비코〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìkhngìtá, request) | 비흐쇼〮셔〮 (pìhùsyósyé, order) 비코〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìkhngìtá, request) | 비토〮다〮 (pìthwótá), 비톳〮다〮 (pìthwóstá) 비헤〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhéyngìtá) | 비토〮다〮 (pìthwótá), 비톳〮다〮 (pìthwóstá) 비헤〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhéyngìtá) |
| Selected honorific declarative forms ||||||
| | Past | Present | Conjectural | Retrospective/ imperfective | 거 (-ke-) form |
| Plain subject-honoring | 비흐시〮다〮 (pìhùsítá) 비흐시〮니라〮 (pìhùsínìlá) | 비흐시〮ᄂᆞ다〮 (pìhùsínòtá) 비흐시〮ᄂᆞ〮니라〮 (pìhùsínónìlá) | 비흐시〮리라〮 (pìhùsílìlá) | 비터〮시다〮 (pìthésìtá) 비터〮시〮니라〮 (pìthésínìlá) | 비허〮시다〮 (pìhésìtá) 비허〮시〮니라〮 (pìhésínìlá) |
| Deferential subject-honoring | 비흐시〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhùsíngìtá) 비흐시〮니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhùsíníngìtá) | 비흐시〮ᄂᆞ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhùsínóngìtá) 비흐시〮ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhùsínòníngìtá) | 비흐시〮리〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhùsílíngìtá) | 비터〮시〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìthésíngìtá) 비터〮시니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìthésìníngìtá) | 비허〮시〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhésíngìtá) 비허〮시니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (pìhésìníngìtá) |
| Plain object-honoring | 비ᄊᆞᆸ〯다〮 (pìssǒptá) 비ᄊᆞᄫᆞ〮니라〮 (pìssòWónìlá) | 비ᄊᆞᆸ〯ᄂᆞ다〮 (pìssǒpnòtá) 비ᄊᆞᆸ〯ᄂᆞ〮니라〮 (pìssǒpnónìlá) | 비ᄊᆞᄫᆞ〮리라〮 (pìssòWólìlá) | 비ᄊᆞᆸ〯더라〮 (pìssǒptèlá) 비ᄊᆞᆸ〯더〮니라〮 (pìssǒpténìlá) | 비ᄊᆞᄫᅡ〮다〮 (pìssòWátá) 비ᄊᆞᄫᅡ〮니라〮 (pìssòWánìlá) |
| Selected connective forms ||||||
| Connective | Causative | Conditional/situating | Contrastive/concessive | Purposive/desiderative | Infinitive |
| 비코〮 (pìkhwó) 비흐며〮 (pìhùmyé) 비타가〮 (pìthàká) | 비흐니〮 (pìhùní) 비허〮ᄂᆞᆯ〮 (pìhénól) 비흘ᄊᆡ〮 (pìhùlssóy, only in declarative) 비콴〮ᄃᆡ〮 (pìkhántóy, only in interrogative) | 비흐면〮 (pìhùmyén) 비허〮든〮 (pìhétún) 비흔대〮 (pìhùntáy) 비헌〮댄〮 (pìhéntáyn) | 비흐나〮 (pìhùná) 비후〮ᄃᆡ〮 (pìhwútóy) 비흔ᄃᆞᆯ〮 (pìhùntól) 비헌〮마ᄅᆞᆫ〮 (pìhénmàlón) | 비후〮려〮 (pìhwúlyé) 비코〮져〮 (pìkhwócyé, desires one's own action) 비콰〮뎌〮 (pìkhwátyé, desires other's action) | 비허〮 (pìhé) |
| Adnominal/gerundive forms ||||||
| | Past | Present | Present | Conjectural | Conjectural |
| Unmodulated non-honorific | 비흔 (pìhùn) | 빈ᄂᆞᆫ (pìnnòn) | 빈ᄂᆞᆫ (pìnnòn) | 비흐ᇙ (pìhùlq) | 비흐ᇙ (pìhùlq) |
| Modulated non-honorific | 비훈〮 (pìhwún) | 빈논〮 (pìnnwón) | 빈논〮 (pìnnwón) | 비후ᇙ〮 (pìhwúlq) | 비후ᇙ〮 (pìhwúlq) |
| Unmodulated subject-honoring | 비흐신〮 (pìhùsín) | 비흐시〮ᄂᆞᆫ〮 (pìhùsínón) | 비흐시〮ᄂᆞᆫ〮 (pìhùsínón) | 비흐시ᇙ〮 (pìhùsílq) | 비흐시ᇙ〮 (pìhùsílq) |
| Substantive forms ||||||
| Plain | Plain | Plain | Subject-honoring | Subject-honoring | Subject-honoring |
| 비훔〮 (pìhwúm) | 비훔〮 (pìhwúm) | 비훔〮 (pìhwúm) | 비흐샴〮 (pìhùsyám) | 비흐샴〮 (pìhùsyám) | 비흐샴〮 (pìhùsyám) |