# 叻

| 叻 | U+53FB, &#21499; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53FB |
| ← 叺 [U+53FA] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 叼 → [U+53FC] |

## Translingual
### Han character

叻 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 口大尸 (RKS) or 難口大尸 (XRKS), four-corner 6402$_7$, composition ⿰口力)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 174, character 9
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3269
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 575, character 1
* Unihan data for U+53FB

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 口 (“mouth; colloquial”) + phonetic 力 (OC *rɯɡ).

### Etymology 1

Uncertain. Various theories exist:
* From 㔹 (MC lok, “having the talent and power of ten people”).
* From 頔 (MC dek, “good”).
* From 犖 (MC laewk), as in 犖犖 (MC laewk laewk, “clear; evident”), 卓犖 (MC traewk laewk, “outstanding; extraordinary”).
* From 𥌮 (MC lek), as in 𥌮𥉶 (MC lek luwk, “to see clearly”).

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lek$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): liak$^2$
* Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): liag$^6$ / lag$^6$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): lêh$^4$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lek$^1$
*** Yale: lēk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lek$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lég$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɛːk̚⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: liak$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /liak̚⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: liag$^6$ / lag$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /liak̚⁵/, /lak̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lêh$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: leh
*** Sinological IPA : /leʔ²/

#### Definitions

叻
* (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) smart; clever; capable; good (at something)
    佢好叻㗎。 [Cantonese] ― keoi$^5$ hou$^2$ lek$^1$ gaa$^3$. [Jyutping] ― He/she is really smart.
       keoi$^5$ coeng$^3$ go$^1$ hou$^2$ lek$^1$ gaa$^3$. [Jyutping]
       He/she is good at singing.
* (Teochew) good

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 聰明, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 聰明, 機靈, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎, 聰慧 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 聰明 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 聰明 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 聰明 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 聰明 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 聰明 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 靈, 靈醒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 精靈, 聰明 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 聰明 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 聰明 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 聰明 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 聰明 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 聰明, 叻, 參 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 叻 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 伶俐, 叻 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 精, 扮𠮨 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 聰明, 精, 叻, 醒目, 扮𠮨 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 精靈, 聰明 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 聰明, 機靈 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 聰明 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 聰明 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 聰明 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 聰明, 精 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 聰明, 精 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 聰明 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 將 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 機靈, 聰明 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 聰明 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 聰明, 骨, 骨鳥 derogatory |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 聰明, 巧, 明白 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 聰明, 𠢕, 勥, 醒目, 巧 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 巧, 勥, 𠢕 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 聰明 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 精 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 精 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 聰明 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 聰明 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 靈, 聰明 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 靈泛, 聰明 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 聰明 |

#### Compounds

* 叻仔
* 叻唔切
* 叻女
* 精叻
* 認叻／认叻
* 讕叻／谰叻

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lè, lì (le$^4$, li$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄜˋ, ㄌㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lik$^1$ / lak$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): la̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lag$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lè
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lè
*** Wade–Giles: lê$^4$
*** Yale: lè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leh
*** Palladius: лэ (lɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɤ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lì
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lì
*** Wade–Giles: li$^4$
*** Yale: lì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
*** Palladius: ли (li)
*** Sinological IPA : /li⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lik$^1$ / lak$^6$
*** Yale: līk / lahk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lik$^7$ / lak$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lig$^1$ / leg$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɪk̚⁵/, /lɐk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: la̍t
*** Tâi-lô: la̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /lat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lat̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /lat̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /lat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lat̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lag$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: la̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /lak̚⁴/

#### Definitions

叻
* Short for 石叻 (Shílè, “Singapore”).
** 1894, G. T. Hare, editor, A Text Book of Documentary Chinese: Selected and Designed for the Special Use of Members of the Civil Service of the Straits Settlements, volume I, Singapore, page 109:
       Dàyīngguó tè shòu Lè Yǔ Xiā sān zhōufǔ huámín zhèngwù sī [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Compounds

* 叻埠 (Lèfù)
* 叻幣／叻币 (Lèbì)
* 石叻 (Shílè)

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lè (le$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lik$^1$ / lak$^6$
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): lag$^8$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lè
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lè
*** Wade–Giles: lê$^4$
*** Yale: lè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leh
*** Palladius: лэ (lɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lik$^1$ / lak$^6$
*** Yale: līk / lahk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lik$^7$ / lak$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lig$^1$ / leg$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /lɪk̚⁵/, /lɐk̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lag$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: la̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /lak̚⁴/

#### Definitions

叻
* Used in transcription (chiefly Southeast Asian place names transcribed into Hokkien or Teochew).
    呵叻 [Teochew] ― ho$^1$ lag$^8$ [Peng'im] ― Khorat (alternate name of Nakhon Ratchasima)
       na$^2$ kong$^1$ si$^6$ tam$^1$ ma$^2$ lag$^8$ [Peng'im]
       Nakhon Si Thammarat
    大叻 ― Dàlè ― Đà Lạt

#### Compounds

* 叻㗎
* 叻沙 (lèshā)
* 呵叻

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): le (le$^5$／le$^0$)
    (Zhuyin): ˙ㄌㄜ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: le
*** Zhuyin: ˙ㄌㄜ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: le̊
*** Wade–Giles: lê$^5$
*** Yale: le
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .le
*** Palladius: лэ (lɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /lə/

#### Definitions

叻
* (Internet slang) Alternative form of 了
** Used at the end of a sentence to indicate a change of state.
** Used at the end of a sentence to inform the beginning of an action.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ろく (roku)、りょく (ryoku)

## Vietnamese
### Han character

叻: Hán Nôm readings: sựt
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.