# chichima
## Zulu
### Verb

-chichima$^?$
* (intransitive) to overboil, to boil over
* (intransitive) to ooze out

#### Inflection

Tone unknown :
| Infinitive | ukuchichima |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuchichima | ukungachichimi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | chichima | -chichime |
| Plural | chichimani | -chichimeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyachichima, ngichichima | engichichimayo, engichichima | ngichichima | angichichimi | engingachichimi | ngingachichimi |
| 2nd singular | uyachichima, uchichima | ochichimayo, ochichima | uchichima | awuchichimi | ongachichimi | ungachichimi |
| 1st plural | siyachichima, sichichima | esichichimayo, esichichima | sichichima | asichichimi | esingachichimi | singachichimi |
| 2nd plural | niyachichima, nichichima | enichichimayo, enichichima | nichichima | anichichimi | eningachichimi | ningachichimi |
| Class 1 | uyachichima, uchichima | ochichimayo, ochichima | echichima | akachichimi | ongachichimi | engachichimi |
| Class 2 | bayachichima, bachichima | abachichimayo, abachichima | bechichima | abachichimi | abangachichimi | bengachichimi |
| Class 3 | uyachichima, uchichima | ochichimayo, ochichima | uchichima | awuchichimi | ongachichimi | ungachichimi |
| Class 4 | iyachichima, ichichima | echichimayo, echichima | ichichima | ayichichimi | engachichimi | ingachichimi |
| Class 5 | liyachichima, lichichima | elichichimayo, elichichima | lichichima | alichichimi | elingachichimi | lingachichimi |
| Class 6 | ayachichima, achichima | achichimayo, achichima | echichima | awachichimi | angachichimi | engachichimi |
| Class 7 | siyachichima, sichichima | esichichimayo, esichichima | sichichima | asichichimi | esingachichimi | singachichimi |
| Class 8 | ziyachichima, zichichima | ezichichimayo, ezichichima | zichichima | azichichimi | ezingachichimi | zingachichimi |
| Class 9 | iyachichima, ichichima | echichimayo, echichima | ichichima | ayichichimi | engachichimi | ingachichimi |
| Class 10 | ziyachichima, zichichima | ezichichimayo, ezichichima | zichichima | azichichimi | ezingachichimi | zingachichimi |
| Class 11 | luyachichima, luchichima | oluchichimayo, oluchichima | luchichima | aluchichimi | olungachichimi | lungachichimi |
| Class 14 | buyachichima, buchichima | obuchichimayo, obuchichima | buchichima | abuchichimi | obungachichimi | bungachichimi |
| Class 15 | kuyachichima, kuchichima | okuchichimayo, okuchichima | kuchichima | akuchichimi | okungachichimi | kungachichimi |
| Class 17 | kuyachichima, kuchichima | okuchichimayo, okuchichima | kuchichima | akuchichimi | okungachichimi | kungachichimi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngichichimile, ngichichimē | engichichimile, engichichimē | ngichichimile, ngichichimē | angichichimanga | engingachichimanga | ngingachichimanga |
| 2nd singular | uchichimile, uchichimē | ochichimile, ochichimē | uchichimile, uchichimē | awuchichimanga | ongachichimanga | ungachichimanga |
| 1st plural | sichichimile, sichichimē | esichichimile, esichichimē | sichichimile, sichichimē | asichichimanga | esingachichimanga | singachichimanga |
| 2nd plural | nichichimile, nichichimē | enichichimile, enichichimē | nichichimile, nichichimē | anichichimanga | eningachichimanga | ningachichimanga |
| Class 1 | uchichimile, uchichimē | ochichimile, ochichimē | echichimile, echichimē | akachichimanga | ongachichimanga | engachichimanga |
| Class 2 | bachichimile, bachichimē | abachichimile, abachichimē | bechichimile, bechichimē | abachichimanga | abangachichimanga | bengachichimanga |
| Class 3 | uchichimile, uchichimē | ochichimile, ochichimē | uchichimile, uchichimē | awuchichimanga | ongachichimanga | ungachichimanga |
| Class 4 | ichichimile, ichichimē | echichimile, echichimē | ichichimile, ichichimē | ayichichimanga | engachichimanga | ingachichimanga |
| Class 5 | lichichimile, lichichimē | elichichimile, elichichimē | lichichimile, lichichimē | alichichimanga | elingachichimanga | lingachichimanga |
| Class 6 | achichimile, achichimē | achichimile, achichimē | echichimile, echichimē | awachichimanga | angachichimanga | engachichimanga |
| Class 7 | sichichimile, sichichimē | esichichimile, esichichimē | sichichimile, sichichimē | asichichimanga | esingachichimanga | singachichimanga |
| Class 8 | zichichimile, zichichimē | ezichichimile, ezichichimē | zichichimile, zichichimē | azichichimanga | ezingachichimanga | zingachichimanga |
| Class 9 | ichichimile, ichichimē | echichimile, echichimē | ichichimile, ichichimē | ayichichimanga | engachichimanga | ingachichimanga |
| Class 10 | zichichimile, zichichimē | ezichichimile, ezichichimē | zichichimile, zichichimē | azichichimanga | ezingachichimanga | zingachichimanga |
| Class 11 | luchichimile, luchichimē | oluchichimile, oluchichimē | luchichimile, luchichimē | aluchichimanga | olungachichimanga | lungachichimanga |
| Class 14 | buchichimile, buchichimē | obuchichimile, obuchichimē | buchichimile, buchichimē | abuchichimanga | obungachichimanga | bungachichimanga |
| Class 15 | kuchichimile, kuchichimē | okuchichimile, okuchichimē | kuchichimile, kuchichimē | akuchichimanga | okungachichimanga | kungachichimanga |
| Class 17 | kuchichimile, kuchichimē | okuchichimile, okuchichimē | kuchichimile, kuchichimē | akuchichimanga | okungachichimanga | kungachichimanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāchichima | engāchichima | ngāchichima | angichichimanga | engingachichimanga | ngingachichimanga |
| 2nd singular | wāchichima | owāchichima | wāchichima | awuchichimanga | ongachichimanga | ungachichimanga |
| 1st plural | sāchichima | esāchichima | sāchichima | asichichimanga | esingachichimanga | singachichimanga |
| 2nd plural | nāchichima | enāchichima | nāchichima | anichichimanga | eningachichimanga | ningachichimanga |
| Class 1 | wāchichima | owāchichima | āchichima | akachichimanga | ongachichimanga | engachichimanga |
| Class 2 | bāchichima | abāchichima | bāchichima | abachichimanga | abangachichimanga | bengachichimanga |
| Class 3 | wāchichima | owāchichima | wāchichima | awuchichimanga | ongachichimanga | ungachichimanga |
| Class 4 | yāchichima | eyāchichima | yāchichima | ayichichimanga | engachichimanga | ingachichimanga |
| Class 5 | lāchichima | elāchichima | lāchichima | alichichimanga | elingachichimanga | lingachichimanga |
| Class 6 | āchichima | āchichima | āchichima | awachichimanga | angachichimanga | engachichimanga |
| Class 7 | sāchichima | esāchichima | sāchichima | asichichimanga | esingachichimanga | singachichimanga |
| Class 8 | zāchichima | ezāchichima | zāchichima | azichichimanga | ezingachichimanga | zingachichimanga |
| Class 9 | yāchichima | eyāchichima | yāchichima | ayichichimanga | engachichimanga | ingachichimanga |
| Class 10 | zāchichima | ezāchichima | zāchichima | azichichimanga | ezingachichimanga | zingachichimanga |
| Class 11 | lwāchichima | olwāchichima | lwāchichima | aluchichimanga | olungachichimanga | lungachichimanga |
| Class 14 | bāchichima | obāchichima | bāchichima | abuchichimanga | obungachichimanga | bungachichimanga |
| Class 15 | kwāchichima | okwāchichima | kwāchichima | akuchichimanga | okungachichimanga | kungachichimanga |
| Class 17 | kwāchichima | okwāchichima | kwāchichima | akuchichimanga | okungachichimanga | kungachichimanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingachichima | — | ngingachichima | ngingechichime | — | ngingechichime |
| 2nd singular | ungachichima | — | ungachichima | ungechichime | — | ungechichime |
| 1st plural | singachichima | — | singachichima | singechichime | — | singechichime |
| 2nd plural | ningachichima | — | ningachichima | ningechichime | — | ningechichime |
| Class 1 | angachichima | — | engachichima | angechichime | — | engechichime |
| Class 2 | bangachichima | — | bengachichima | bangechichime | — | bengechichime |
| Class 3 | ungachichima | — | ungachichima | ungechichime | — | ungechichime |
| Class 4 | ingachichima | — | ingachichima | ingechichime | — | ingechichime |
| Class 5 | lingachichima | — | lingachichima | lingechichime | — | lingechichime |
| Class 6 | angachichima | — | engachichima | angechichime | — | engechichime |
| Class 7 | singachichima | — | singachichima | singechichime | — | singechichime |
| Class 8 | zingachichima | — | zingachichima | zingechichime | — | zingechichime |
| Class 9 | ingachichima | — | ingachichima | ingechichime | — | ingechichime |
| Class 10 | zingachichima | — | zingachichima | zingechichime | — | zingechichime |
| Class 11 | lungachichima | — | lungachichima | lungechichime | — | lungechichime |
| Class 14 | bungachichima | — | bungachichima | bungechichime | — | bungechichime |
| Class 15 | kungachichima | — | kungachichima | kungechichime | — | kungechichime |
| Class 17 | kungachichima | — | kungachichima | kungechichime | — | kungechichime |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizochichima | engizochichima | ngizochichima | angizuchichima | engingezuchichima | ngingezuchichima |
| 2nd singular | uzochichima | ozochichima | uzochichima | awuzuchichima | ongezuchichima | ungezuchichima |
| 1st plural | sizochichima | esizochichima | sizochichima | asizuchichima | esingezuchichima | singezuchichima |
| 2nd plural | nizochichima | enizochichima | nizochichima | anizuchichima | eningezuchichima | ningezuchichima |
| Class 1 | uzochichima | ozochichima | ezochichima | akazuchichima | ongezuchichima | engezuchichima |
| Class 2 | bazochichima | abazochichima | bezochichima | abazuchichima | abangezuchichima | bengezuchichima |
| Class 3 | uzochichima | ozochichima | uzochichima | awuzuchichima | ongezuchichima | ungezuchichima |
| Class 4 | izochichima | ezochichima | izochichima | ayizuchichima | engezuchichima | ingezuchichima |
| Class 5 | lizochichima | elizochichima | lizochichima | alizuchichima | elingezuchichima | lingezuchichima |
| Class 6 | azochichima | azochichima | ezochichima | awazuchichima | angezuchichima | engezuchichima |
| Class 7 | sizochichima | esizochichima | sizochichima | asizuchichima | esingezuchichima | singezuchichima |
| Class 8 | zizochichima | ezizochichima | zizochichima | azizuchichima | ezingezuchichima | zingezuchichima |
| Class 9 | izochichima | ezochichima | izochichima | ayizuchichima | engezuchichima | ingezuchichima |
| Class 10 | zizochichima | ezizochichima | zizochichima | azizuchichima | ezingezuchichima | zingezuchichima |
| Class 11 | luzochichima | oluzochichima | luzochichima | aluzuchichima | olungezuchichima | lungezuchichima |
| Class 14 | buzochichima | obuzochichima | buzochichima | abuzuchichima | obungezuchichima | bungezuchichima |
| Class 15 | kuzochichima | okuzochichima | kuzochichima | akuzuchichima | okungezuchichima | kungezuchichima |
| Class 17 | kuzochichima | okuzochichima | kuzochichima | akuzuchichima | okungezuchichima | kungezuchichima |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyochichima | engiyochichima | ngiyochichima | angiyuchichima | engingeyuchichima | ngingeyuchichima |
| 2nd singular | uyochichima | oyochichima | uyochichima | awuyuchichima | ongeyuchichima | ungeyuchichima |
| 1st plural | siyochichima | esiyochichima | siyochichima | asiyuchichima | esingeyuchichima | singeyuchichima |
| 2nd plural | niyochichima | eniyochichima | niyochichima | aniyuchichima | eningeyuchichima | ningeyuchichima |
| Class 1 | uyochichima | oyochichima | eyochichima | akayuchichima | ongeyuchichima | engeyuchichima |
| Class 2 | bayochichima | abayochichima | beyochichima | abayuchichima | abangeyuchichima | bengeyuchichima |
| Class 3 | uyochichima | oyochichima | uyochichima | awuyuchichima | ongeyuchichima | ungeyuchichima |
| Class 4 | iyochichima | eyochichima | iyochichima | ayiyuchichima | engeyuchichima | ingeyuchichima |
| Class 5 | liyochichima | eliyochichima | liyochichima | aliyuchichima | elingeyuchichima | lingeyuchichima |
| Class 6 | ayochichima | ayochichima | eyochichima | awayuchichima | angeyuchichima | engeyuchichima |
| Class 7 | siyochichima | esiyochichima | siyochichima | asiyuchichima | esingeyuchichima | singeyuchichima |
| Class 8 | ziyochichima | eziyochichima | ziyochichima | aziyuchichima | ezingeyuchichima | zingeyuchichima |
| Class 9 | iyochichima | eyochichima | iyochichima | ayiyuchichima | engeyuchichima | ingeyuchichima |
| Class 10 | ziyochichima | eziyochichima | ziyochichima | aziyuchichima | ezingeyuchichima | zingeyuchichima |
| Class 11 | luyochichima | oluyochichima | luyochichima | aluyuchichima | olungeyuchichima | lungeyuchichima |
| Class 14 | buyochichima | obuyochichima | buyochichima | abuyuchichima | obungeyuchichima | bungeyuchichima |
| Class 15 | kuyochichima | okuyochichima | kuyochichima | akuyuchichima | okungeyuchichima | kungeyuchichima |
| Class 17 | kuyochichima | okuyochichima | kuyochichima | akuyuchichima | okungeyuchichima | kungeyuchichima |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngichichime | ngingachichimi |
| 2nd singular | uchichime | ungachichimi |
| 1st plural | sichichime | singachichimi |
| 2nd plural | nichichime | ningachichimi |
| Class 1 | achichime | angachichimi |
| Class 2 | bachichime | bangachichimi |
| Class 3 | uchichime | ungachichimi |
| Class 4 | ichichime | ingachichimi |
| Class 5 | lichichime | lingachichimi |
| Class 6 | achichime | angachichimi |
| Class 7 | sichichime | singachichimi |
| Class 8 | zichichime | zingachichimi |
| Class 9 | ichichime | ingachichimi |
| Class 10 | zichichime | zingachichimi |
| Class 11 | luchichime | lungachichimi |
| Class 14 | buchichime | bungachichimi |
| Class 15 | kuchichime | kungachichimi |
| Class 17 | kuchichime | kungachichimi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngachichima | ngangachichima, angachichima, angangachichima |
| 2nd singular | wachichima | wangachichima, awachichima, awangachichima |
| 1st plural | sachichima | sangachichima, asachichima, asangachichima |
| 2nd plural | nachichima | nangachichima, anachichima, anangachichima |
| Class 1 | wachichima | wangachichima, akachichima, akangachichima |
| Class 2 | bachichima | bangachichima, abachichima, abangachichima |
| Class 3 | wachichima | wangachichima, awachichima, awangachichima |
| Class 4 | yachichima | yangachichima, ayachichima, ayangachichima |
| Class 5 | lachichima | langachichima, alachichima, alangachichima |
| Class 6 | achichima | angachichima, awachichima, awangachichima |
| Class 7 | sachichima | sangachichima, asachichima, asangachichima |
| Class 8 | zachichima | zangachichima, azachichima, azangachichima |
| Class 9 | yachichima | yangachichima, ayachichima, ayangachichima |
| Class 10 | zachichima | zangachichima, azachichima, azangachichima |
| Class 11 | lwachichima | lwangachichima, alwachichima, alwangachichima |
| Class 14 | bachichima | bangachichima, abachichima, abangachichima |
| Class 15 | kwachichima | kwangachichima, akwachichima, akwangachichima |
| Class 17 | kwachichima | kwangachichima, akwachichima, akwangachichima |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “chichima”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “chichima (3.2.9)”