# 汊

| 汊 | U+6C4A, &#27722; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C4A |
| ← 汉 [U+6C49] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 汋 → [U+6C4B] |

## Translingual
### Han character

汊 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 水水戈 (EEI), four-corner 3714$_0$, composition ⿰氵叉)

### Further reading

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 604, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17115
* Dae Jaweon: page 998, character 5
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1556, character 4
* Unihan data for U+6C4A

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 叉 | *sʰraːl, *sʰreːl |
| 杈 | *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːls |
| 靫 | *sʰraːl, *sʰreːl |
| 汊 | *sʰraːls |
| 衩 | *sʰraːls, *sʰreːls |
| 扠 | *hr'eːl |
| 釵 | *sʰreːl |
| 芆 | *sʰreːl |
| 訍 | *sʰreːls |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰraːls) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 叉 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰreːl, “to intersect”)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chà (cha$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): caa$^1$ / caa$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$tsho; $^5$tsha
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chà
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chà
*** Wade–Giles: chʻa$^4$
*** Yale: chà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chah
*** Palladius: ча (ča)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caa$^1$ / caa$^3$
*** Yale: chā / cha
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaa$^1$ / tsaa$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ca$^1$ / ca$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰaː³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$tsho; $^5$tsha
*** MiniDict: tsho$^去$; tsha$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$tsho; $^2$tsha
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰo³⁴/, /t͡sʰa³⁴/
* 2tsho - vernacular;
* 2tsha - literary.
* Middle Chinese: tsrhaeH
Rime :
| Character | 汊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 初 (19) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 楚嫁切 |
| Baxter | tsrhaeH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃʰˠa$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂʰᵚa$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃʰa$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂʰaɨ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃʰa$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃʰa$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂʰa$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chà |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | caa$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sʰraːls/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 汊 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1178 |
| Phonetic component | 叉 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | |
| Old Chinese | /*sʰraːls/ |

### Definitions

汊
* a branching stream

### Compounds

* 水汊
* 汈汊 (Diāochà)
* 汊子 (chàzi)
* 汊河 (Chàhé)
* 汊流 (chàliú)
* 汊港 (chàgǎng)
* 河汊子
* 港汊 (gǎngchà)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* branching stream

#### Readings

* Go-on: しゃ (sha)
* Kan-on: さ (sa)

## Korean
### Etymology

From Middle Chinese 汊 (MC tsrhaeH). Recorded as Middle Korean 차 (cha) (Yale: cha) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

### Hanja

Wikisource 汊 (eumhun 물 갈래지을 차 (mul gallaejieul cha))
* hanja form of 차 (“branching of water”)

### References

* 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

汊: Hán Việt readings: xá (楚(sở)嫁(giá)切(thiết))
汊: Nôm readings: xòa/xoà
* chữ Hán form of xá (“a branching stream”).
* Nôm form of xòa/xoà (“to spread out”).

### References

* 1 2 Trần (2004).
* ↑ Génibrel (1898).