# 嗟

| 嗟 | U+55DF, &#21983; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-55DF |
| ← 嗞 [U+55DE] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嗠 → [U+55E0] |

## Translingual
### Han character

嗟 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口廿手一 (RTQM), four-corner 6801$_1$, composition ⿰口差)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 203, character 21
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4102
* Dae Jaweon: page 426, character 4
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 661, character 1
* Unihan data for U+55DF

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 左 | *ʔsaːlʔ, *ʔsaːls |
| 佐 | *ʔsaːls |
| 袏 | *ʔslaːls |
| 蹉 | *sʰlaːl |
| 瑳 | *sʰlaːl, *sʰlaːlʔ |
| 搓 | *sʰlaːl |
| 磋 | *sʰlaːl |
| 溠 | *sʰlaːl, *sraːl, *ʔsraːls |
| 傞 | *sʰlaːl, *slaːl |
| 醝 | *zlaːl |
| 瘥 | *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *sʰreːls |
| 鹺 | *zlaːl |
| 嵯 | *zlaːl, *sʰral |
| 嵳 | *zlaːl |
| 蒫 | *zlaːl, *ʔsljal, *ʔslɯl |
| 艖 | *zlaːl, *sʰraːl |
| 齹 | *zlaːl, *sʰral, *zral |
| 縒 | *slaːlʔ, *sʰral, *sʰlaːɡ |
| 褨 | *slaːlʔ |
| 嗟 | *ʔsljal |
| 差 | *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral |
| 鎈 | *sʰraːl |
| 槎 | *zraːl, *zraːlʔ |
| 髊 | *zlals |
In Small Seal Script, a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsljal) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 差 (OC *sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːl, *sʰreːls, *sʰral) (𧪘). In Regular Script, 言 (yán) became 口 (kǒu).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiē, juē (jie$^1$, jue$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝ, ㄐㄩㄝ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ze$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiē
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jie
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^1$
*** Yale: jyē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jie
*** Palladius: цзе (cze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: juē
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄝ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyue
*** Wade–Giles: chüeh$^1$
*** Yale: jywē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiue
*** Palladius: цзюэ (czjue)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy̯ɛ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ze$^1$
*** Yale: jē
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dze$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zé$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɛː⁵⁵/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit嗟 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /t͡ɕie²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /t͡ɕyə²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /t͡ɕiə²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕyɛ²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /t͡ɕia²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /t͡ɕia²⁴/ /t͡ɕi²⁴/ 新 |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /t͡ɕie¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /t͡ɕia³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /t͡ɕie⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /t͡ɕieʔ⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /t͡ɕyɐʔ⁵/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕie¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | |
| Jin | Hohhot | /t͡ɕyaʔ⁴³/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕi⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /t͡siɪ⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /t͡ɕie̞³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /t͡sei³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕye³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sie³³/ /t͡sia³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /t͡siɒ³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | |
| Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sia⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sɛ⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /t͡sɛ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /t͡sɛ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sia⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sia⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sia⁴²/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sa³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡se²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: tsjae
Rime :
| Character | 嗟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (100) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 子邪切 |
| Baxter | tsjae |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sia/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡sia/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡sia/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sia/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡sia/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭa/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡si̯a/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiē |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ze$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tsAj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsljal/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 嗟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiē |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsjæ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tsAj/ |
| English | sigh; alas! |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 嗟 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 18026 |
| Phonetic component | 左 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嗟 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsljal/ |

#### Definitions

嗟
* (literary) sigh; alas

#### Compounds

* 于嗟 (xūjiē)
* 傷嗟／伤嗟
* 叱嗟
* 叱嗟風雲／叱嗟风云
* 吁嗟
* 咨嗟 (zījiē)
* 嗟乎 (jiēhū)
* 嗟來之食／嗟来之食 (jiēláizhīshí)
* 嗟來食／嗟来食
* 嗟吁
* 嗟呀
* 嗟嗟
* 嗟嗞乎
* 嗟嘆／嗟叹 (jiētàn)
* 嗟夫 (jiēfú)
* 嗟怨 (jiēyuàn)
* 嗟悔 (jiēhuǐ)
* 嗟悼
* 嗟憤／嗟愤
* 嗟異／嗟异
* 嗟訝／嗟讶
* 嗟重
* 拍膝嗟歎／拍膝嗟叹
* 歎嗟／叹嗟
* 歎老嗟卑／叹老嗟卑
* 猝嗟
* 猗嗟
* 自嗟自嘆／自嗟自叹
* 興嗟／兴嗟

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiè (jie$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiè
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiè
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^4$
*** Yale: jyè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jieh
*** Palladius: цзе (cze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

嗟
* Only used in 咄嗟 (duōjiē, “in a short time”).

#### Compounds

* 咄嗟 (duōjiē)
* 咄嗟便辦／咄嗟便办
* 咄嗟可辦／咄嗟可办
* 咄嗟而辦／咄嗟而办

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

#### Readings

* Go-on: さ (sa)
* Kan-on: しゃ (sha)
* Kun: ああ (ā, 嗟)、なげく (nageku, 嗟く)
* Nanori: ああ (ā)

### Etymology

The kanji is ateji (当て字).

### Interjection

嗟(ああ) or 嗟(アー) • (ā)
* Alternative form of アー

## Korean
### Hanja

嗟 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune–Reischauer ch'a)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嗟: Hán Nôm readings: ta, xơi
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation