# kül
## Azerbaijani
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kül.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kyl]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

kül (definite accusative külü, plural küllər)
* ash (the solid remains of a fire)

#### Derived terms

* kül başına (“shame on you!”)
* külqabı (“ashtray”)

## Karaim
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kül.

### Noun

kül
* ash

### References

* N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “kül”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

## Khalaj

| Perso-Arabic | Perso-Arabic | کۆل |

### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kül (“smoke”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kʏl], [kʏ̹l], [kɪl]
* (Talxâbî) IPA: [kyl]
* (Xarrâbî) IPA: [ki̞ˑl], [kɪl]

### Noun

kül (definite accusative külü, plural küllər)
* ash

#### Declension
### References

* Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN
* Doerfer, Gerhard (1988) Grammatik des Chaladsch [Grammar of Khalaj] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN, →OCLC

## Salar
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kül.

### Pronunciation

* (Xunhua, Qinghai, Ili, Xinjiang) IPA: /kʰyl/

### Noun

kül (3rd person possessive küli, plural küller)
* ash

### References

* Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “kül”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 402
* 林 (Lin), 莲云 (Lianyun) (1992) “kül”, in 撒拉汉汉撒拉词汇 [Salar-Chinese, Chinese-Salar Vocabulary], 成都: 四川民族出版社, →ISBN, page 97
* Yakup, Abdurishid (2002) “kül”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon‎, Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 147

## Tatar
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *kȫl (“lake”).

### Noun

kül
* lake

## Turkish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈcyl/, [ˈcʰyᵝʎ̟̊]

### Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish كول (kül), from Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (kül), from Proto-Turkic *kül.

#### Noun

kül (definite accusative külü, plural küller)
* ash (solid remains of a fire)

##### Derived terms

* küllü
* küllük

#### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kül1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كول”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1599

### Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish كل (kül), from Arabic كُلّ (kull).

#### Noun

kül (definite accusative küllü, uncountable) (archaic)
* all, the whole (of something uncountable)
* every one (of something countable)

#### References

* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kül2”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كل”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1559
* Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN

## Volapük
### Etymology

Borrowed from French cul, from Latin cūlus.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [kyl]

### Noun

kül (nominative plural küls)
* anus, arse, ass, asshole

#### Declension

* $^1$ status as a case is disputed
* $^2$ in later, non-classical Volapük only

#### Derived terms

* hinenkülotan
* jinenkülotan
* külafäin
* külik
* küliko
* külot
* nenkülot
* nenkülotan
* nenkülotik