# 白國
## Chinese

* 白國 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 白國 (Cantonese)
* 白國 (Classical)
* 白國 (Gan)
* 白國 (Hakka)
* 白國 (Eastern Min)
* 白國 (Southern Min)
* 白國 (Wu)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): Báiguó
       (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): Be$^2$ gue$^2$
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): Быйгуә (Bɨyguə, I-I) / Быйгуй (Bɨyguy, I-I)
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): baak$^6$ gwok$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): bak$^5$ gok$^2$
* Gan (Wiktionary): pah$^7$ guet$^6$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): Pha̍k-koet
    (Meixian, Guangdong): pag$^6$ guêd$^5$
* Jin (Wiktionary): bai$^1$ gueh$^4$ / bieh$^5$ gueh$^4$
* Northern Min (KCR): Bà̤-gŏ
* Eastern Min (BUC): Bĕk-guók
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Pe̍h-kok / Pe̍eh-kok / Pe̍k-kok / Pia̍k-kok
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bêh$^8$ gog$^4$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$baq-koq
* Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): be$^6$ gue$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Báiguó
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Báiguó
*** Wade–Giles: Pai$^2$-kuo$^2$
*** Yale: Bái-gwó
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Bairgwo
*** Palladius: Байго (Bajgo)
*** Sinological IPA : /paɪ̯³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: Be$^2$ gue$^2$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: Begue
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛ²¹ kuɛ²¹/
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: Быйгуә (Bɨyguə, I-I) / Быйгуй (Bɨyguy, I-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /pei²⁴ kuə²⁴/, /pei²⁴ kuei²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baak$^6$ gwok$^3$
*** Yale: baahk gwok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baak$^9$ gwok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bag$^6$ guog$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /paːk̚² kʷɔːk̚³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: bak$^5$ gok$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /pak̚³² kɔk̚⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: pah$^7$ guet$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰaʔ² kuɛt̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Pha̍k-koet
*** Hakka Romanization System: pag gued$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pag$^6$ gued$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰak̚⁵ ku̯et̚²/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: pag$^6$ guêd$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰak̚⁵ kuɛt̚¹/
* Jin
** (Taiyuan)
*** Wiktionary: bai$^1$ gueh$^4$ / bieh$^5$ gueh$^4$
*** Sinological IPA (old-style): /pai¹¹ kuəʔ²/, /piəʔ⁵⁴ kuəʔ²/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Bà̤-gŏ
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛ⁴² ko²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: Bĕk-guók
*** Sinological IPA : /pɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ kuɔʔ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pe̍h-kok
*** Tâi-lô: Pe̍h-kok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: peqkog
*** IPA (Taipei): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pe̍eh-kok
*** Tâi-lô: Pe̍eh-kok
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pe̍k-kok
*** Tâi-lô: Pi̍k-kok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pegkog
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /piɪk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pia̍k-kok
*** Tâi-lô: Pia̍k-kok
*** Phofsit Daibuun: piagkog
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /piak̚²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bêh$^8$ gog$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pe̍h kok
*** Sinological IPA : /peʔ⁴⁻² kok̚²/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$baq-koq
*** MiniDict: bah$^入$ koh
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$baq-koq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /baʔ¹¹ koʔ²³/
* Xiang
** (Changsha)
*** Wiktionary: be$^6$ gue$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɤ̞²⁴ ku̯ɤ̞²⁴/
* Middle Chinese: baek kwok
Rime :
| Character | 白 | 國 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 陌 (113) | 德 (132) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | II | I |
| Fanqie | 傍陌切 | 古或切 |
| Baxter | baek | kwok |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bˠæk̚/ | /kwək̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /bᵚak̚/ | /kʷək̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /bak̚/ | /kuək̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /baɨjk̚/ | /kwək̚/ |
| Li Rong | /bɐk̚/ | /kuək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /bɐk̚/ | /kuək̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /bʱɐk̚/ | /kwək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bó | guo |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | bak$^6$ | gwak$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*bˤrak [C.q]ʷˤək/
    (Zhengzhang): /*braːɡ kʷɯːɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 白 | 國 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | bái | guó |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bæk › | ‹ kwok › |
| Old Chinese | /*bˁrak/ | /*[C.q]ʷˁək/ |
| English | white | state (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 白 | 國 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 207 | 5547 |
| Phonetic component | 白 | 或 |
| Rime group | 鐸 | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 白 | 國 |
| Old Chinese | /*braːɡ/ | /*kʷɯːɡ/ |

### Proper noun

白國
* Biełaruś (a country in Europe)

#### Synonyms

* 白羅斯／白罗斯 (Báiluósī)
* 白俄羅斯／白俄罗斯 (Bái'éluósī)

#### Derived terms

* 白國人／白国人