# 馗

| 馗 | U+9997, &#39319; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9997 |
| ← 首 [U+9996] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 馘 → [U+9998] |

## Translingual
### Han character

馗 (Kangxi radical 185, 首+2, 11 strokes, cangjie input 大弓廿竹山 (KNTHU), four-corner 4801$_6$, composition ⿺九首)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1428, character 3
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44492
* Dae Jaweon: page 1954, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4501, character 2
* Unihan data for U+9997

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 馗
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 尻 | *kʰuː |
| 訄 | *kʰuː, *kʰu, *ɡu |
| 艽 | *krɯːw, *qʰrɯːw, *ɡu, *ɡʷrɯw |
| 虓 | *qʰruː |
| 鳩 | *ku |
| 勼 | *ku |
| 九 | *kuʔ |
| 究 | *kus |
| 仇 | *ɡu |
| 鼽 | *ɡu |
| 犰 | *ɡu |
| 叴 | *ɡu |
| 厹 | *ɡu |
| 頄 | *ɡu, *ɡʷrɯw |
| 朹 | *ɡu, *kʷrɯwʔ |
| 馗 | *ɡu, *ɡʷrɯw |
| 扏 | *ɡu |
| 訅 | *ɡu |
| 釚 | *ɡu |
| 肍 | *ɡu |
| 軌 | *kʷrɯwʔ |
| 宄 | *kʷrɯwʔ |
| 氿 | *kʷrɯwʔ |
| 匭 | *kʷrɯwʔ |
| 泦 | *kuɡ |
| 旭 | *qʰʷoɡ |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kuí (kui$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄟˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kwai$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kuí
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kuéi
*** Wade–Giles: kʻuei$^2$
*** Yale: kwéi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwei
*** Palladius: куй (kuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kwai$^4$
*** Yale: kwàih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kwai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: kuei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʷʰɐi̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: gwij
Rime :
| Character | 馗 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (18) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 渠追切 |
| Baxter | gwij |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiuɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡʷᵚi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiuɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gjwi/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjui/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡwi/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /gwi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kuí |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kwai$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ʷru/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷrɯw/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 馗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | kuí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ gwij › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ɡ]ʷru/ |
| English | thoroughfare |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 馗 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 6963 |
| Phonetic component | 九 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 逵 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡʷrɯw/ |
| Notes | 集韻改渠龜切 |

#### Definitions

馗
* (literary) Alternative form of 逵 (kuí, “thoroughfare”)
* Used in personal names.

##### Compounds

* 氣殺鍾馗／气杀钟馗
* 鍾馗／钟馗

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qiú (qiu$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄡˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiú
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cióu
*** Wade–Giles: chʻiu$^2$
*** Yale: chyóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyou
*** Palladius: цю (cju)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: gjuw
Rime :
| Character | 馗 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 巨鳩切 |
| Baxter | gjuw |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡɨu/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡiu/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /guw/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡiu/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /gi̯ə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qiú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | kau$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡu/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 馗 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 6952 |
| Phonetic component | 九 |
| Rime group | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 𧚍 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡu/ |

#### Definitions

馗
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* road

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぎ (gi)、ぐ (gu)
* Kan-on: き (ki)、きゅう (kyū)
* Kun: ほおぼね (hōbone)、みち (michi)、かくれる (kakureru)

## Korean
### Hanja

馗 • (gyu) (hangeul 규, revised gyu, McCune–Reischauer kyu, Yale kyu)
* cheekbone
* path, road
* intersection

## Vietnamese
### Han character

馗: Hán Việt readings: quỳ
* chữ Hán form of quỳ.

### References

* ↑ Trần (2004).

## Zhuang
### Noun

馗
* Sawndip form of gyaeuj (“head; headhair”)