# 衷心
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhōngxīn
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ ㄒㄧㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cung$^1$ sam$^1$ / zung$^1$ sam$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thiong-sim / tiong-sim
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhōngxīn
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ ㄒㄧㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhongsin
*** Wade–Giles: chung$^1$-hsin$^1$
*** Yale: jūng-syīn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jongshin
*** Palladius: чжунсинь (čžunsinʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$中心 忠心 衷心
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cung$^1$ sam$^1$ / zung$^1$ sam$^1$
*** Yale: chūng sām / jūng sām
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsung$^1$ sam$^1$ / dzung$^1$ sam$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cung$^1$ sem$^1$ / zung$^1$ sem$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/, /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$中心 忠心 衷心
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiong-sim
*** Tâi-lô: thiong-sim
*** Phofsit Daibuun: tiongsym
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɔŋ³³ sim³³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sim⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong-sim
*** Tâi-lô: tiong-sim
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diongsym
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sim⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ³³ sim³³/
* Middle Chinese: trjuwng|trjuwngH sim
Rime :
| Character | 衷 | 衷 | 心 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 知 (9) | 知 (9) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (2) | 東 (2) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 陟弓切 | 陟仲切 | 息林切 |
| Baxter | trjuwng | trjuwngH | sim |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈɨuŋ/ | /ʈɨuŋ$^H$/ | /siɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈiuŋ/ | /ʈiuŋ$^H$/ | /sim/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶiuŋ/ | /ȶiuŋ$^H$/ | /sjem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈuwŋ/ | /ʈuwŋ$^H$/ | /sim/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶiuŋ/ | /ȶiuŋ$^H$/ | /siəm/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶĭuŋ/ | /ȶĭuŋ$^H$/ | /sĭĕm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȶi̯uŋ/ | /ȶi̯uŋ$^H$/ | /si̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhōng | zhòng | xīn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zung$^1$ | zung$^3$ | sam$^1$ |

### Adjective

衷心
* from the heart; heartfelt; sincere; deep; genuine; wholehearted
    From: “You and Me”, lyrics by Lin Huangkun, original music “Spring in the North” (1977) by Minoru Endō, sung by Teresa Teng
    wǒ zhōngxīn di xièxiè nǐ, yīfān guānhuái hé qíngyì [Pinyin]
    I sincerely thank you for your care and affection.

#### Synonyms

* 深切 (shēnqiè)
* 由衷 (yóuzhōng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 衷(ちゅう)心(しん) (chūshin)
* → Korean: 충심(衷心) (chungsim)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 衷 | 心 |
| ちゅう Grade: S | しん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 衷心 (MC trjuwng|trjuwngH sim).
First cited to a text from 1382.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ちゅうしん [chùúshíń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [t͡ɕɨːɕĩɴ]

### Noun

衷(ちゅう)心(しん) • (chūshin)
* [from 1382] one's heart, innermost feelings
    衷(ちゅう)心(しん)よりお悔(くや)み申(もう)し上(あ)げます
       chūshin yori o-kuyami mōshiagemasu
       Let me express my deepest condolences.

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 衷 | 心 |

### Noun

衷心 • (chungsim) (hangeul 충심)
* hanja form of 충심