# 要害
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yàohài
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu$^3$ hoi$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): iàu-hāi
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iao$^3$ hai$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yàohài
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yàohài
*** Wade–Giles: yao$^4$-hai$^4$
*** Yale: yàu-hài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yawhay
*** Palladius: яохай (jaoxaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jiu$^3$ hoi$^6$
*** Yale: yiu hoih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jiu$^3$ hoi$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yiu$^3$ hoi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːu̯³³ hɔːi̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iàu-hāi
*** Tâi-lô: iàu-hāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iao'hai
*** IPA (Xiamen): /iau²¹⁻⁵³ hai²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /iau²¹⁻⁵³ hai²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /iau¹¹⁻⁵³ hai³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iau²¹⁻⁴¹ hai³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iao$^3$ hai$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iàu hāi
*** Sinological IPA : /iau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hai¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: 'jiewH hajH
Rime :
| Character | 要 | 害 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 宵 (91) | 泰 (25) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 於笑切 | 胡蓋切 |
| Baxter | 'jiewH | hajH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔiᴇu$^H$/ | /ɦɑi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔiɛu$^H$/ | /ɦɑi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔjæu$^H$/ | /ɣɑi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔiaw$^H$/ | /ɦaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔiɛu$^H$/ | /ɣɑi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ĭɛu$^H$/ | /ɣɑi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔi̯ɛu$^H$/ | /ɣɑi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yào | hài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jiu$^3$ | hoi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[q]ew(k)-s N-kˤat-s|m-kˤat-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qews ɡaːds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 要 | 害 | 害 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yào | hài | hài |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ ʔjiew$^H$ › | ‹ haj$^H$ › | ‹ haj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[q]ew(k)-s/ | /*N-kˁat-s/ | /*m-kˁat-s/ |
| English | important | be hurt (v.i.); injury (n.) | hurt (v.t.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 要 | 害 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 14752 | 4845 |
| Phonetic component | 要 | 害 |
| Rime group | 宵 | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 要 | 害 |
| Old Chinese | /*qews/ | /*ɡaːds/ |
| Notes | | 金文非丯聲，似𥎆初文加古聲， 㝬通胡 |

### Noun

要害
* vulnerable part (of the body); vital organ
* crucial point; strategic point; key

#### Synonyms

* (crucial point):
* 支點／支点 (zhīdiǎn) (figurative)
* 牛鼻子 (niúbízi) (figurative)
* 癥結／症结 (zhēngjié) (figurative)
* 肯綮 (figurative)
* 關鍵／关键 (guānjiàn)
* 關鍵之處／关键之处 (guānjiàn zhī chù)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 要害(ようがい) (yōgai)
* → Korean: 요해(要害) (yohae)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 要 | 害 |
| ぬみ ||
| Grade: 4 | Grade: 4 |
| jukujikun ||
Kanji in this term :
| 要 | 害 |
| ぬま ||
| Grade: 4 | Grade: 4 |
| jukujikun ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 要害 – see the following entry. :
| 【要ぬま】4 | [noun] [720] (archaic, possibly obsolete) fortress, redoubt [noun] [720] (archaic, possibly obsolete) important point, key Alternative spelling ぬみ |
(This term, 要害, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 要 | 害 |

### Noun

要害 • (yohae) (hangeul 요해)
* hanja form of 요해 (“vital part; crucial point; strategic point”)