# ϭⲓⲥⲓ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ϫⲓⲥⲉ (čise) — Sahidic

### Etymology

From Egyptian ṯzt (“vertebra”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈt͡ʃʰiːsə/

### Noun

ϭⲓⲥⲓ • (cisi) f
* (Bohairic) back

### Verb

ϭⲓⲥⲓ • (cisi)
* (Bohairic) to lift

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ϭⲓⲥⲓ cisi | imperative | affirmative | ϭⲓⲥⲓ cisi |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙϭⲓⲥⲓ štemcisi | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀percisi |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϭⲓⲥⲓ ticisi | ⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ kcisi | ⲧⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ tecisi | ϥϭⲓⲥⲓ fcisi | ⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ scisi | ⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ tencisi | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ tetencisi | ⲥⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ secisi | ϭⲓⲥⲓ cisi |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ eicisi | ⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ ekcisi | ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ erecisi | ⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ efcisi | ⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ escisi | ⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ encisi | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ eretencisi | ⲉⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ eucisi | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ ere- cisi |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϭⲓⲥⲓ eticisi | ⲉⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ etekcisi | ⲉⲧⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ etecisi | ⲉⲧⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ etefcisi | ⲉⲧⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ etescisi | ⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etencisi | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etetencisi | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ etoucisi | ⲉⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ ete- cisi |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ naicisi | ⲛⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ nakcisi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ narecisi | ⲛⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ nafcisi | ⲛⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ nascisi | ⲛⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ nancisi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ naretencisi | ⲛⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ naucisi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ nare- cisi |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ aicisi | ⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ akcisi | ⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ arecisi | ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ afcisi | ⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ ascisi | ⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ancisi | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ aretencisi | ⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ aucisi | ⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ are- cisi |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ tinacisi | ⲭⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ khnacisi | ⲧⲉⲣⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ teracisi | ϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ fnacisi | ⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ snacisi | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ tennacisi | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ tetennacisi | ⲥⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ senacisi | ⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ nacisi |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ einacisi | ⲉⲭⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ ekhnacisi | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ erenacisi | ⲉϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ efnacisi | ⲉⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ esnacisi | ⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ ennacisi | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ eretennacisi | ⲉⲩⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ eunacisi | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ ere- nacisi |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ etinacisi | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ etekhnacisi | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ etenacisi | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ etefnacisi | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ etesnacisi | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ etennacisi | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ etetennacisi | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ etounacisi | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ ete- nacisi |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ nainacisi | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ nakhnacisi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ narenacisi | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ nafnacisi | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ nasnacisi | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ nannacisi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ naretennacisi | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ naunacisi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ nare- nacisi |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ ainacisi | ⲁⲭⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ akhnacisi | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ arenacisi | ⲁϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ afnacisi | ⲁⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ asnacisi | ⲁⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ annacisi | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ aretennacisi | ⲁⲩⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ aunacisi | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ are- nacisi |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ aicisi | ⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ akcisi | ⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ arecisi | ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ afcisi | ⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ ascisi | ⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ancisi | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ atetencisi | ⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ aucisi | ⲁ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ a- cisi |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀picisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pekcisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pecisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pefcisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pescisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pencisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀petencisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀poucisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pe- cisi |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ eaicisi | ⲉⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ eakcisi | ⲉⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ earecisi | ⲉⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ eafcisi | ⲉⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ eascisi | ⲉⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ eancisi | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ eatetencisi | ⲉⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ eaucisi | ⲉⲁ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ ea- cisi |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀picisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pekcisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pecisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pefcisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pescisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pencisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀petencisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀poucisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pe- cisi |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ etaicisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ etakcisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ etarecisi | ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ etafcisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ etascisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etancisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etaretencisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ etaucisi | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ eta- cisi |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀picisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pekcisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pecisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pefcisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pescisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pencisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀petencisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀poucisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pe- cisi |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ neaicisi | ⲛⲉⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ neakcisi | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ nearecisi | ⲛⲉⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ neafcisi | ⲛⲉⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ neascisi | ⲛⲉⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ neancisi | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ neatetencisi | ⲛⲉⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ neaucisi | ⲛⲉⲁ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ nea- cisi |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ nem̀picisi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ nem̀pekcisi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ nem̀pecisi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ nem̀pefcisi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ nem̀pescisi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ nem̀pencisi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ nem̀petencisi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ nem̀poucisi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ nem̀pe- cisi |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ etaicisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ etakcisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ etarecisi | ⲉⲧⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ etafcisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ etascisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etancisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etaretencisi | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ etaucisi | ⲉⲧⲁ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ eta- cisi |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀paticisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀patekcisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀patecisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀patefcisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀patescisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀patencisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀patetencisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀patoucisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pate- cisi |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀paticisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀patekcisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀patecisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀patefcisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀patescisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀patencisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀patetencisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀patoucisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pate- cisi |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀paticisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀patekcisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀patecisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀patefcisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀patescisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀patencisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀patetencisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀patoucisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pate- cisi |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀paticisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀patekcisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀patecisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀patefcisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀patescisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀patencisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀patetencisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀patoucisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀pate- cisi |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ šaicisi | ϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ šakcisi | ϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ šarecisi | ϣⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ šafcisi | ϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ šascisi | ϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ šancisi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ šatetencisi | ϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ šaucisi | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ šare- cisi |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀paicisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pakcisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀parecisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pafcisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pascisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pancisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀paretencisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀paucisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀pare- cisi |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ ešaicisi | ⲉϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ ešakcisi | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ ešarecisi | ⲉϣⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ ešafcisi | ⲉϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ ešascisi | ⲉϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ešancisi | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ešatetencisi | ⲉϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ ešaucisi | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ ešare- cisi |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀paicisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pakcisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀parecisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pafcisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pascisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pancisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀paretencisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀paucisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pare- cisi |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ etšaicisi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ etšakcisi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ etšarecisi | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ etšafcisi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ etšascisi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etšancisi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etšatetencisi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ etšaucisi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ etšare- cisi |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀paicisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pakcisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀parecisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pafcisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pascisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pancisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀paretencisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀paucisi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ etm̀pare- cisi |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ našaicisi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ našakcisi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ našarecisi | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ našafcisi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ našascisi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ našancisi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ našatetencisi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ našaucisi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ našare- cisi |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀paicisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀pakcisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀parecisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀pafcisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀pascisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀pancisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀paretencisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀paucisi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ nam̀pare- cisi |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀paicisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pakcisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀parecisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pafcisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pascisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pancisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀paretencisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀paucisi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ em̀pare- cisi |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ eiecisi | ⲉⲕⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ ekecisi | ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ erecisi | ⲉϥⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ efecisi | ⲉⲥⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ esecisi | ⲉⲛⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ enecisi | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ eretenecisi | ⲉⲩⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ euecisi | ⲉⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ ere- cisi |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹnacisi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹnekcisi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹnecisi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹnefcisi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹnescisi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹnencisi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹnetencisi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹnoucisi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹne- cisi |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ maricisi | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ marefcisi | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ marescisi | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ marencisi | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ maroucisi | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ mare- cisi |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀penthricisi | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀penthrefcisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀penthrescisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀penthrencisi | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀penthreucisi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ m̀penthre- cisi |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹtacisi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹtekcisi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹtecisi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹtefcisi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹtescisi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹtencisi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹtetencisi | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹsecisi, ǹtoucisi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ ǹte- cisi |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ taricisi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ tarekcisi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ tarecisi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ tarefcisi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ tarescisi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ tarencisi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ taretencisi | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ taroucisi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ tare- cisi |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯϭⲓⲥⲓ šaticisi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ šatekcisi | ϣⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ šatecisi | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ šatefcisi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ šatescisi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ šatencisi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ šatetencisi | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ šatoucisi | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ šate- cisi |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ aišancisi | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ akšancisi | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ arešancisi | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ afšancisi | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ asšancisi | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ anšancisi | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ aretenšancisi | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ aušancisi | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ arešan- cisi |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓϭⲓⲥⲓ aicisi | ⲁⲕϭⲓⲥⲓ akcisi | ⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲥⲓ arecisi | ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ afcisi | ⲁⲥϭⲓⲥⲓ ascisi | ⲁⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ ancisi | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲥⲓ aretencisi | ⲁⲩϭⲓⲥⲓ aucisi | ⲁⲣⲉ- ϭⲓⲥⲓ are- cisi |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |