# 下午
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): xiàwǔ
       (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄨˇ
    (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xia$^4$ wu$^3$
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haa$^6$ ng$^5$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hā-ngó͘ / hǎ-gó͘ / hēe-ngó͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ê$^6$ ngou$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiàwǔ → xiàwu (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄨˇ → ㄒㄧㄚˋ ˙ㄨ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siàwů
*** Wade–Giles: hsia$^4$-wu$^5$
*** Yale: syà-wu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiah.wuu
*** Palladius: сяу (sjau)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ä⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ → /ɕi̯ä⁵¹ u¹/
** (Chengdu)
*** Sichuanese Pinyin: xia$^4$ wu$^3$
*** Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xiaw
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕia²¹³ vu⁵³/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haa$^6$ ng$^5$
*** Yale: hah ńgh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haa$^6$ ng$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ha$^6$ ng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /haː²² ŋ̍¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hā-ngó͘
*** Tâi-lô: hā-ngóo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haxngor
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ha²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ha³³⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ha³³⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǎ-gó͘
*** Tâi-lô: hǎ-góo
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ha²² ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hēe-ngó͘
*** Tâi-lô: hēe-ngóo
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɛ²²⁻²¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ê$^6$ ngou$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ĕ ngóu
*** Sinological IPA : /e³⁵⁻¹¹ ŋou⁵²/

### Noun

下午
* afternoon; p.m. (Classifier: 個／个)
       Yuēhuì dìng yú xiàwǔ 3 diǎn. [Pinyin]
       The appointment is at 3 p.m.
       Zuótiān xiàwǔ tā zài shénme dìfāng? [Pinyin]
       Where was she yesterday afternoon?
       Tā měizhōu liǎng ge xiàwǔ xuéxí yìshù. [Pinyin]
       She studies art two afternoons a week.
       Jīntiān xiàwǔ wǒ xīnqíng tài jīdòng le, mòfēi shì wǒ bìng le ma? [Pinyin]
       I've been way too nervous this afternoon. Am I sick?

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 下午 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 後半晌兒, 後晌兒, 下午, 下半晌兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 下午 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 下午, 午後, 後半晌兒, 後晌兒, 下半晌兒, 下晌兒, 下晌 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 下晌 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 下午 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 下午 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Rizhao | 過午, 過晌 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 過午, 過晌午 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 晌歪 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 後半晌兒, 後晌兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 後晌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 後半兒, 後晌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 下半天, 後晌 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 後晌午, 晚半天 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 後晌, 下半天, 後半天 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 下半天, 後晌 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 後晌, 下午, 晚半天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 下半天, 下午 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 下午, 下半天, 下半天兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 下半天 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 少午, 下午些, 下半天, 下午 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 下午 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 下午 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 下午, 下半天 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 下午, 午後 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 飯後, 下午 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 下晝, 下晏, 晏晝 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 下晝, 晏晝 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 下半日 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 晏晝 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 下晝, 晏晝 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Beixipo, Dianbai; Malan) | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Bengtangque, Dianbai; Malan) | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Binglanghua, Dianbai; Malan) | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 晚 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 下午, 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 下午, 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 下晝, 下午 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 晚 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 晚間 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 下晏, 下午 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 下晏, 下午 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Wuchuan (Wuyang) | 下午, 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 下午, 下晝, 晏晝 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 下午, 下晝, 晏晝 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 下午, 下半日 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Shatian) | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Guiping | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Mengshan (Xihe) | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Guigang (Nanjiang) | 晏晝 |
| Cantonese | Baise | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Bobai | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Lingshan | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Pubei | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Qinzhou | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 下午, 下半日 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Nankang) | 下半日 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Yingpan) | 下半日 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Ningming | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Hengzhou | 晏晝 |
| Cantonese | Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) | 下午 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 下晏 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 下晝 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 下晏 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 下晝 |
| Gan | Pengze | 下晝 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 下晝 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 下晝, 下界 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 下晝, 下晝頭 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 下晡 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 下午 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 晝晨頭, 下晝 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 下晡, 下晝 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 下晝晨, 下晝, 下晝頭, 下晡頭, 暗晡 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 下晝時 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Changting | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 下晡, 下晝 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 下晡, 下半工, 後半工 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 下晡 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 下晝, 下晡 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 晡辰 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 下暝 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 下晝, 下晝頭 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 下晝, 下晝頭 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 下晝, 下晝頭 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 下晝, 下晝頭 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 下晝, 下晝頭 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 下晝, 下晝時頭 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 下晏 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 下晏 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 晏間頭 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 下晝, 下晝頭 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 下午 |
| Hakka | Beiliu (Tang'an) | 下午 |
| Hakka | Mashan (Pianlian) | 下午 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Pontianak (Meixian) | 下晝 |
| Hakka | Bangkok (Meixian) | 下晝 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 下半日, 後半日, 下晝 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 後晌, 下午 |
| Jin | Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou) | 後晌 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 後晌 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 晝了 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 晝了 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 晝了 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 晝了 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 晝了 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 晝了 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 晝了 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 晝了 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 下晝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 下晝時 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 下晝 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 下晝 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 下晝 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 下晝 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 下晝 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 下晝頭 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 下晝 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 下晝 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 下晝 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 下晝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 下晡, 暗晡 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 下晡, 暗晡 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 下晡, 下晝 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 暗晡 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 下晝, 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 下晡, 晡流 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 下旰, 下午 4 or 5 p.m. |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 下午, 下晝, 下晡 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 下晝, 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 下晝, 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 下晝, 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 下昏, 下晝, 下晡, 下晡時 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 下晡, 下晝, 下晡時 |
| Southern Min | Taichung (Wuqi) | 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 下晝, 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 下晡, 下晝 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 下晝 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 下晝 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 日晝 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 下晡, 下晡時, 暗晡, 暗晡時 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 暗晡, 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Medan (Hokkien) | 下晡 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 下晝 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Batam (Teochew) | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 下旰, 日晝後 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 下旰, 下刻 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 下旰 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 下旰 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 下晝 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 下晝 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 晝嘍 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 下旰 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 下旰 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 下午, 晏中 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 下午 |
| Shehua | Fu'an | 下晝 |
| Shehua | Fuding | 陰晝頭 |
| Shehua | Luoyuan | 下晝 |
| Shehua | Hua'an | 下晝 |
| Shehua | Guixi (Zhangping) | 下晝 |
| Shehua | Cangnan | 日晝時 |
| Shehua | Longyou | 下半日 |
| Shehua | Chaozhou | 下晝 |
| Shehua | Fengshun | 下晝時 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 下半日, 下半天, 下晝 dated, 後半日 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 下半日, 下半天 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 下晚晝, 下半日 |
| Wu | Danyang | 下晝, 飯後 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 下半日, 晏晝頭 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 下半日, 下半日頭 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 後半日, 下半日 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 午罷 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 下午, 下晝, 下半日 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 下界, 下界唧 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 下家 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 下午 |

#### Derived terms

* 下午好 (xiàwǔhǎo)
* 下午茶 (xiàwǔchá)

## Japanese
### Etymology

Kanji in this term :
| 下 | 午 |
| か Grade: 1 | ご Grade: 2 |
| kan'on | on'yomi |
Cited to roughly 1853 in the Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, but possibly older.
Ultimately from Middle Chinese 下午 (MC haeX|haeH nguX).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かご [káꜜgò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ka̠ɡo̞]

### Noun

下(か)午(ご) • (kago)
* [ca. 1853] afternoon, especially the early afternoon
* [1876] (by extension) over the hill, past middle age

### References

* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN