# 猶予う
## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 猶 | 予 |
| いざ Grade: S | よ Grade: 3 |
| irregular | on'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 猶豫う (kyūjitai)
⟨isayo$_1$pu⟩ → */isajʷopu/ → /isajopu/ → /izajofu/ → /izajou/
From Old Japanese 猶予ふ (isayopu).
Read as いさよふ (isayopu) in the Nara Period. The /p/ lenited to /f/ (more specifically, the bilabial fricative) by the Heian Period, with the /s/ alternating with voiced /z/. The medial /f/ then further lenited and disappeared, with the voiced /z/ pronunciation becoming the dominant form.
Derived originally as a compound of いさ (isa, interjection of hesitation or introduction; compare to English so, which may be used as a hesitation word or to introduce a new topic) +‎ よふ (yopu, suffixing element of unclear meaning). Appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE and the Man'yōshū of 759 CE.
The kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓), based on the synonymous Middle Chinese-derived term 猶予 (yūyo).
This word may be falling into disuse, and it is not included in some dictionaries.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いざよう [ìzáyóꜜù] (Nakadaka –)
* IPA: [iza̠jo̞ɯ̟]

#### Verb

猶(いざ)予(よ)う • (izayou) intransitive godan (stem 猶(いざ)予(よ)い (izayoi), past 猶(いざ)予(よ)った (izayotta))
* (archaic) to pause, to hesitate

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 猶予わ | いざよわ | izayowa |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 猶予い | いざよい | izayoi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 猶予う | いざよう | izayou |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 猶予う | いざよう | izayou |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 猶予え | いざよえ | izayoe |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 猶予え | いざよえ | izayoe |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 猶予われる | いざよわれる | izayowareru |
| Causative | 猶予わせる 猶予わす | いざよわせる いざよわす | izayowaseru izayowasu |
| Potential | 猶予える | いざよえる | izayoeru |
| Volitional | 猶予おう | いざよおう | izayoō |
| Negative | 猶予わない | いざよわない | izayowanai |
| Negative continuative | 猶予わず | いざよわず | izayowazu |
| Formal | 猶予います | いざよいます | izayoimasu |
| Perfective | 猶予った | いざよった | izayotta |
| Conjunctive | 猶予って | いざよって | izayotte |
| Hypothetical conditional | 猶予えば | いざよえば | izayoeba |

##### Derived terms

* 猶(いざ)予(よ)い (izayoi, “hesitation, pause”)
* 十六夜(いざよい) (izayoi, “the 16th of the lunar month”)

##### Related terms

* 誘(いざな)う (izanau), 誘(いさよ)う (isayou): to tempt, to invite (both also derived from interjection いさ (isa))

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 猶 | 予 |
| Grade: S | Grade: 3 |
| irregular ||
* Alternative spellings
* 猶豫う (kyūjitai) 揺蕩う
This kanji spelling is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓), based on the synonymous Middle Chinese-derived term 猶予 (yūyo). This spelling is less common than 揺蕩う.
For pronunciation and definitions of 猶予う – see the following entry. :
| 【揺蕩たゆたう】 | [verb] to bob, to move about uncertainly as a floating item moves about on the surface of water or some other liquid [verb] to be undecided or uncertain [verb] to pause or hesitate due to indecision, to dally, to dawdle |
(This term, 猶予う, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* 1 2 3 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN