OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# تشعر
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

تشعر (form I)
* تَشْعُرُ (tašʕuru) /taʃ.ʕu.ru/: inflection of شَعَرَ (šaʕara) and شَعُرَ (šaʕura):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active indicative
** third-person feminine singular non-past active indicative
* تَشْعُرَ (tašʕura) /taʃ.ʕu.ra/: inflection of شَعَرَ (šaʕara) and شَعُرَ (šaʕura):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive
** third-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive
* تَشْعُرْ (tašʕur) /taʃ.ʕur/: inflection of شَعَرَ (šaʕara) and شَعُرَ (šaʕura):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive
** third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive
* تُشْعَرُ (tušʕaru) /tuʃ.ʕa.ru/: inflection of شَعَرَ (šaʕara):
** second-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative
** third-person feminine singular non-past passive indicative
* تُشْعَرَ (tušʕara) /tuʃ.ʕa.ra/: inflection of شَعَرَ (šaʕara):
** second-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive
** third-person feminine singular non-past passive subjunctive
* تُشْعَرْ (tušʕar) /tuʃ.ʕar/: inflection of شَعَرَ (šaʕara):
** second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive
** third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive
* تَشْعَرُ (tašʕaru) /taʃ.ʕa.ru/: inflection of شَعِرَ (šaʕira):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active indicative
** third-person feminine singular non-past active indicative
* تَشْعَرَ (tašʕara) /taʃ.ʕa.ra/: inflection of شَعِرَ (šaʕira):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive
** third-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive
* تَشْعَرْ (tašʕar) /taʃ.ʕar/: inflection of شَعِرَ (šaʕira):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive
** third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

تشعر (form IV)
* تُشْعِرُ (tušʕiru) /tuʃ.ʕi.ru/: inflection of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active indicative
** third-person feminine singular non-past active indicative
* تُشْعَرُ (tušʕaru) /tuʃ.ʕa.ru/: inflection of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara):
** second-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative
** third-person feminine singular non-past passive indicative
* تُشْعِرَ (tušʕira) /tuʃ.ʕi.ra/: inflection of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive
** third-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive
* تُشْعَرَ (tušʕara) /tuʃ.ʕa.ra/: inflection of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara):
** second-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive
** third-person feminine singular non-past passive subjunctive
* تُشْعِرْ (tušʕir) /tuʃ.ʕir/: inflection of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive
** third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive
* تُشْعَرْ (tušʕar) /tuʃ.ʕar/: inflection of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara):
** second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive
** third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive
# تشعري
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

تشعري (form I)
* تَشْعُرِي (tašʕurī) /taʃ.ʕu.riː/: second-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive/jussive of شَعَرَ (šaʕara) and شَعُرَ (šaʕura)
* تُشْعَرِي (tušʕarī) /tuʃ.ʕa.riː/: second-person feminine singular non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of شَعَرَ (šaʕara)
* تَشْعَرِي (tašʕarī) /taʃ.ʕa.riː/: second-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive/jussive of شَعِرَ (šaʕira)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

تشعري (form IV)
* تُشْعِرِي (tušʕirī) /tuʃ.ʕi.riː/: second-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive/jussive of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara)
* تُشْعَرِي (tušʕarī) /tuʃ.ʕa.riː/: second-person feminine singular non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara)
# ثبتوا
## Arabic
### Verb

ثَبَتُوا • (ṯabatū) (form I) /θa.ba.tuː/
* third-person masculine plural past active of ثَبَتَ (ṯabata)
# تحققي
## Arabic
### Verb

تحققي (form II)
* تُحَقِّقِي (tuḥaqqiqī) /tu.ħaq.qi.qiː/: second-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive/jussive of حَقَّقَ (ḥaqqaqa)
* تُحَقَّقِي (tuḥaqqaqī) /tu.ħaq.qa.qiː/: second-person feminine singular non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of حَقَّقَ (ḥaqqaqa)
# دایامق
## Ottoman Turkish
### Verb

دایامق • (dayamak)
* Alternative spelling of طیامق (dayamak, “to prop up, support”)
# جفتی
## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian جُفتی (juftī, “pairing; copulation”). By surface analysis, جفت (juft, “pair, couple”) +‎ ـی (-ī, suffix forming abstract nouns).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /d͡ʒʊf.t̪iː/
* Rhymes: -iː

### Noun

جُفْتی • (juftī) f (Hindi spelling जुफ़्ती)
* sexual intercourse, copulation
* pairing, mating (of animals)

#### Related terms

* جفت (juft)

### References

* “جفتی”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “جفتی”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “جفتی”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
* “جفتی”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
# تصارعن
## Arabic
### Verb

تصارعن (form III)
* تُصَارِعْنَ (tuṣāriʕna) /tu.sˤaː.riʕ.na/: second-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of صَارَعَ (ṣāraʕa)
* تُصَارَعْنَ (tuṣāraʕna) /tu.sˤaː.raʕ.na/: second-person feminine plural non-past passive indicative/subjunctive/jussive of صَارَعَ (ṣāraʕa)
# تدهور
## Arabic

* Root
* د ه و ر (d h w r)
* 1 term

### Pronunciation

* Verb: IPA: /ta.dah.wa.ra/
* Noun: IPA: /ta.dah.wur/

### Verb

تَدَهْوَرَ • (tadahwara) IIq (non-past يَتَدَهْوَرُ (yatadahwaru), verbal noun تَدَهْوُر (tadahwur))
* (intransitive) to decline, to be worsen, to collapse, to fall, to deteriorate

#### Conjugation
### Noun

تَدَهْوُر • (tadahwur) m
* verbal noun of تَدَهْوَرَ (tadahwara) (form IIq)
# تدوخلتن
## Arabic
### Verb

تُدُوخِلْتُنَّ • (tudūḵiltunna) (form VI) /tu.duː.xil.tun.na/
* second-person feminine plural past passive of تَدَاخَلَ (tadāḵala)
# تدوخلت
## Arabic
### Verb

تدوخلت (form VI)
* تُدُوخِلْتُ (tudūḵiltu) /tu.duː.xil.tu/: first-person singular past passive of تَدَاخَلَ (tadāḵala)
* تُدُوخِلْتَ (tudūḵilta) /tu.duː.xil.ta/: second-person masculine singular past passive of تَدَاخَلَ (tadāḵala)
* تُدُوخِلْتِ (tudūḵilti) /tu.duː.xil.ti/: second-person feminine singular past passive of تَدَاخَلَ (tadāḵala)
* تُدُوخِلَتْ (tudūḵilat) /tu.duː.xi.lat/: third-person feminine singular past passive of تَدَاخَلَ (tadāḵala)
# تصرر
## Arabic
### Verb

تصرر (form IV)
* تُصْرِرْ (tuṣrir) /tusˤ.rir/: inflection of أَصَرَّ (ʔaṣarra):
** second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive
** third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive
* تُصْرَرْ (tuṣrar) /tusˤ.rar/: inflection of أَصَرَّ (ʔaṣarra):
** second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive
** third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive
# تصرخوا
## Arabic
### Verb

تَصْرُخُوا • (taṣruḵū) (form I) /tasˤ.ru.xuː/
* second-person masculine plural non-past active subjunctive/jussive of صَرَخَ (ṣaraḵa)
# حقا وصدقا وعدلا ويقينا
## Arabic
### Etymology

يَقِينًا (yaqīnan) +‎ و (w) +‎ عَدْلًا (ʕadlan) +‎ و (w) +‎ صِدْقًا (ṣidqan) +‎ و (w) +‎ حَقًّا (ḥaqqan)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħaq.qan wa.sˤid.qan wa.ʕad.lan wa.ja.qiː.nan/

### Adverb

حَقًّا وَصِدْقًا وَعَدْلًا وَيَقِينًا • (ḥaqqan waṣidqan waʕadlan wayaqīnan)
* truly and honestly with justice and certainty
# جمائل
## Arabic
### Adjective

جَمَائِل • (jamāʔil) f pl
* feminine plural of جَمِيل (jamīl)
# دوه طبانی
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Compound of دوه (deve, “camel”) +‎ طبان (taban, “sole of the foot”).

### Noun

دوه طبانی • (deve tabanı)
* sunflower (plant of the genus Helianthus)
    Synonym: گون چیچكی (gün çiçeği)

### Further reading

* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Heliotropium”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 689
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “دوه طبانی”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, columns 2195–2196
# دوه الماسی
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Compound of دوه (deve, “camel”) +‎ الما (elma, “apple”); compare the synonymous Middle Armenian word ըղտու խնծոր (əġtu xncor, literally “camel's apple”).

### Noun

دوه الماسی • (deve elması)
* eryngo, sea holly, any of several plants in the genus Eryngium

#### Descendants

* Turkish: deve elması

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “deve elması”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1185
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دوه الماسی”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 140
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دوه الماسی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 189
# دوني
## Arabic
### Verb

دَوِّنِي • (dawwinī) (form II) /daw.wi.niː/
* second-person feminine singular imperative of دَوَّنَ (dawwana)
# تعطسين
## Arabic
### Verb

تعطسين (form I)
* تَعْطِسِينَ (taʕṭisīna) /taʕ.tˤi.siː.na/: second-person feminine singular non-past active indicative of عَطَسَ (ʕaṭasa)
* تَعْطُسِينَ (taʕṭusīna) /taʕ.tˤu.siː.na/: second-person feminine singular non-past active indicative of عَطَسَ (ʕaṭasa)
# تعطسن
## Arabic
### Verb

تعطسن (form I)
* تَعْطِسْنَ (taʕṭisna) /taʕ.tˤis.na/: second-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of عَطَسَ (ʕaṭasa)
* تَعْطُسْنَ (taʕṭusna) /taʕ.tˤus.na/: second-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of عَطَسَ (ʕaṭasa)
# تهجرون
## Arabic
### Verb

تهجرون (form IV)
* تُهْجِرُونَ (tuhjirūna) /tuh.d͡ʒi.ruː.na/: second-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of أَهْجَرَ (ʔahjara)
* تُهْجَرُونَ (tuhjarūna) /tuh.d͡ʒa.ruː.na/: second-person masculine plural non-past passive indicative of أَهْجَرَ (ʔahjara)
# تهج
## Arabic

* Root
* ه ج و (h j w)
* 5 terms

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ta.had͡ʒ.d͡ʒin/

### Noun

تَهَجٍّ • (tahajjin) m
* verbal noun of تَهَجَّى (tahajjā) (form V)

#### Descendants

* → Hindustani:
    Hindi: तहज्जी (tahajjī)
    Urdu: تَہَجّی (tahajjī)
# تهجد
## Arabic

* Root
* ه ج د (h j d)
* 2 terms

### Verb

تَهَجَّدَ • (tahajjada) V (non-past يَتَهَجَّدُ (yatahajjadu), verbal noun تَهَجُّد (tahajjud))
* to sleep in the night, or in the latter part of the night
* to stay up at night, to be awake nocturnally
* (Islam) to perform prayer in the night
** 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, 2:60:كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِذَا قَامَ لِيَتَهَجَّدَ يَشُوصُ فَاهُ بِالسِّوَاكِ.kāna rasūlu l-lahi ʔiḏā qāma li-yatahajjada yašūṣu fā-hu bi-s-siwāki.The Prophet, when he stood up for nightly prayer, brushed his teeth with a stick from the toothbrush tree.

#### Conjugation
### Noun

تَهَجُّد • (tahajjud) m
* verbal noun of تَهَجَّدَ (tahajjada) (form V)
# حقبة
## Arabic

* Root
* ح ق ب (ḥ q b)
* 4 terms

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ħiq.ba/

### Noun

حِقْبَة • (ḥiqba) f (plural حِقْبَات (ḥiqbāt) or حِقَب (ḥiqab) or حُقُوب (ḥuqūb))
* age, epoch
* (geology) era
# سددتن
## Arabic
### Verb

سددتن (form I)
* سَدَدْتُنَّ (sadadtunna) /sa.dad.tun.na/: second-person feminine plural past active of سَدَّ (sadda)
* سُدِدْتُنَّ (sudidtunna) /su.did.tun.na/: second-person feminine plural past passive of سَدَّ (sadda)
# سدت
## Arabic
### Verb

سدت (form I)
* سَدَّتْ (saddat) /sad.dat/: third-person feminine singular past active of سَدَّ (sadda)
* سُدَّتْ (suddat) /sud.dat/: third-person feminine singular past passive of سَدَّ (sadda)
# داشتیم
## Persian
### Verb

داشتیم • (dâštim)
* first-person plural preterite indicative of داشتن (dâštan)
# راشدة
## Arabic
### Noun

رَاشِدَة • (rāšida) f (plural رَاشِدَات (rāšidāt), masculine رَاشِد (rāšid))
* female equivalent of رَاشِد (rāšid)

#### Declension
### Adjective

رَاشِدَة • (rāšida) f
* feminine singular of رَاشِد (rāšid)
# خریطه
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Arabic خَرِيطَة (ḵarīṭa), from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “sheet of paper”).

### Noun

خریطه • (harita)
* map

#### Descendants

* Turkish: harita
* → Armenian: խարթա (xartʻa)

## Persian
### Etymology

From Arabic خَرِيطَة (ḵarīṭa), from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “sheet of paper”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [xa.ɾiː.ˈta]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [xä.ɾiː.ˈtä]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [xä.ɾiː.ˈtä]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [xä.ɾiː.ˈtä]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [xä.ɾi.ˈtä]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [xæ.ɹiː.ˈte]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [χä.ɾi.ˈtä]

### Noun

| Dari | خریطه |
| Iranian Persian | خریطه |
| Tajik | харита |
خریطه • (xarite) (plural خریطه‌ها (xarite-hâ))
* map
    Synonym: نقشه (naqše)
* (Dari) bag
    خریطهٔ پلاستیک (Dari) ― xarīta-yi palāstīk ― plastic bag

#### Usage notes

* The word is not in common usage in Western Persian.
# خرے
## Ushojo
### Noun

خرے (xarē)
* the sound of driving a donkey
# سوره
## Persian

| Dari | سوره |
| Iranian Persian | سوره |
| Tajik | сура |

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [suː.ɾa]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [suː.ɾä]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [suː.ɾä]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [suː.ɾä]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [su.ɾä]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [suː.ɹe]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [su.ɾä]

### Noun

سوره • (sure)
* sura

#### Descendants

* → Gujarati: સૂરા (sūrā)
# سورومك
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *südre- (“to pull”).

### Verb

سورومك • (sürümek)
* to drag
* to procrastinate

#### Descendants

* Turkish: sürümek

### References

* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سورومك”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1090
# خونتن
## Arabic
### Verb

خونتن (form II)
* خَوَّنْتُنَّ (ḵawwantunna) /xaw.wan.tun.na/: second-person feminine plural past active of خَوَّنَ (ḵawwana)
* خُوِّنْتُنَّ (ḵuwwintunna) /xuw.win.tun.na/: second-person feminine plural past passive of خَوَّنَ (ḵawwana)
# سڄو
## Sindhi
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit [Term?].

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [səʄo]

### Adjective

سَڄو • (saj̄o) (Devanagari सॼो)
* entire, whole, all, perfect
* right
    Antonym: کَٻو (khaḇo)

### References

* Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “سَڄو”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
* Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988) “سَڄو”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ
# ساكنتم
## Arabic
### Verb

سَاكَنْتُمْ • (sākantum) (form III) /saː.kan.tum/
* second-person masculine plural past active of سَاكَنَ (sākana)
# ساكني
## Arabic
### Verb

سَاكِنِي • (sākinī) (form III) /saː.ki.niː/
* second-person feminine singular imperative of سَاكَنَ (sākana)
# داف
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* دافی (dâfi)

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Various online Iranian sources claiming it is from English.”)

### Pronunciation

* (Iran, formal) IPA: [d̪ɒːf]

### Noun

داف • (dâf)
* (slang) chick, girl (especially an attractive one), sometimes used to mean bimbo.
    داف سکسی ― dâf-e seksi ― sexy chick
# سو خير وقطه بحر
## Gulf Arabic
### Alternative forms

* سو خير وقطه بالبحر (saw ḵēr-u giṭṭa b-il-baḥar)

### Etymology

Literally: “Do good and throw it in the sea".

### Pronunciation

* (Kuwait) IPA: /səw χeːr‿ʊ ɡitˤːə bəħər/

### Proverb

سو خير وقطه بحر • (saw ḵēr-u giṭṭa baḥar)
* Do not brag about the good deeds that you have done
# دنونا
## Arabic
### Verb

دَنَوْنَا • (danawnā) (form I) /da.naw.naː/
* first-person plural past active of دَنَا (danā)
# خططتن
## Arabic
### Verb

خططتن (form I)
* خَطَطْتُنَّ (ḵaṭaṭtunna) /xa.tˤatˤ.tun.na/: second-person feminine plural past active of خَطَّ (ḵaṭṭa)
* خُطِطْتُنَّ (ḵuṭiṭtunna) /xu.tˤitˤ.tun.na/: second-person feminine plural past passive of خَطَّ (ḵaṭṭa)
# رقصنده‌ها
## Persian
### Noun

رقصنده‌ها • (raqsande-hâ)
* plural of رقصنده
# طيعوا
## Arabic
### Verb

طِيعُوا • (ṭīʕū) (form I) /tˤiː.ʕuː/
* third-person masculine plural past passive of طَاعَ (ṭāʕa)
# رخخت
## Arabic
### Verb

رخخت (form I)
* رَخَخْتُ (raḵaḵtu) /ra.xax.tu/: first-person singular past active of رَخَّ (raḵḵa)
* رَخَخْتَ (raḵaḵta) /ra.xax.ta/: second-person masculine singular past active of رَخَّ (raḵḵa)
* رَخَخْتِ (raḵaḵti) /ra.xax.ti/: second-person feminine singular past active of رَخَّ (raḵḵa)
* رُخِخْتُ (ruḵiḵtu) /ru.xix.tu/: first-person singular past passive of رَخَّ (raḵḵa)
* رُخِخْتَ (ruḵiḵta) /ru.xix.ta/: second-person masculine singular past passive of رَخَّ (raḵḵa)
* رُخِخْتِ (ruḵiḵti) /ru.xix.ti/: second-person feminine singular past passive of رَخَّ (raḵḵa)
# صنية
## South Levantine Arabic
### Etymology

From Arabic صِينِيَّة (ṣīniyya).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /sˤi.nij.je/, [sˤɪˈnij.je]
* IPA: /sˤi.nij.ja/, [sˤɪˈnij.ja]
* Audio (Ramallah):(file)

### Noun

صنيّة • (ṣiniyye) f (plural صواني (ṣawāni))
* round tray

#### See also

* منسف (mansaf, “large tray for serving food”)
# ساخرات
## Arabic
### Noun

سَاخِرَات • (sāḵirāt) f pl
* plural of سَاخِرَة (sāḵira)
# ساخنة
## Arabic
### Adjective

سَاخِنَة • (sāḵina) f
* feminine singular of سَاخِن (sāḵin)
# سائرة
## Arabic
### Adjective

سَائِرَة • (sāʔira) f
* feminine singular of سَائِر (sāʔir)
# سِزِݨہ
## Kohistani Shina
### Noun

سِزِݨہ (siziṇah)
* dates
# سِسے
## Ushojo
### Pronoun

سِسے (sisē)
* he, she, they
# سِتار
## Ushojo
### Noun

سِتار (sitār)
* sitar, a musical instrument
# شاه‌دانه
## Persian

| Dari | شاه‌دانه |
| Iranian Persian | شاه‌دانه |
| Tajik | шоҳдона |

### Etymology

From Middle Persian šhdʾnk' (/⁠šahdānag⁠/). By surface analysis, شاه (šâh, “big”) +‎ دانه (dâne, “seed”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃɑːh.dɑː.ˈna]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑːɦ.d̪ɑː.nǽ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɑːɦ.d̪ɑː.nǽ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃɑː.d̪ɑː.nǽ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃɔː.d̪ɔː.nǽ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃɒːɦ.d̪ɒː.né]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃɔɦ.d̪ɔ.nǽ]

### Noun

شاه‌دانه • (šâh-dâne)
* Cannabis
    Synonym: کانابیس (kânâbis)
    Meronyms: بنگ (bang), حشیش (hašiš)
* marijuana
    Synonyms: ماری‌جوانا (mâri-juânâ), ماریجوانا (mârijuânâ)
# شاه‌بلوط
## Persian
### Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (šhblwt' /⁠šāhbalūt⁠/, “chestnut”). Compare Persian بلوط (“acorn”).

### Noun

شاه‌بلوط • (šâh-balut)
* chestnut

#### Descendants

* → Arabic: شَاهْبَلُّوط (šāhballūṭ)
* → Azerbaijani: şabalıd
* → Middle Armenian: շահպալութ (šahpalutʻ), շահպալլուտ (šahpallut)
# شاهوار
## Persian
### Etymology

From شاه (šâh, “king”) +‎ ـوار (-vâr).

### Adjective

شاهوار • (šâhvâr)
* royal, kingly
# طیقمق
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* طقمق (tıkmak)

### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tɨkɨ- (“to stuff in, press in”); cognate with Crimean Tatar tıqmaq and Southern Altai тыгар (tïgar).

### Verb

طیقمق • (tıkmak)
* (transitive) to cram, stuff, thrust, squeeze in, to fill by packing or crowding something into

#### Derived terms

* حبسه طیقمق (habisa tıkmak, “to clap into prison”)
* طیقشمق (tıkışmak, “to be crammed into”)
* طیقلمق (tıkılmak, “to be crammed into”)

#### Related terms

* طیق (tık, “stuffed, crammed”)
* طیقاج (tıkac, “stopper, plug”)
* طیقامق (tıkamak, “to plug, stop”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: tıkmak
* → Armenian: թխմել (tʻxmel)

### References

* ↑ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*tɨkɨ-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “tıkmak1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4803
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “طقمق”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 313b
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “طیقمق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 827
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Obturare”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 1182
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “طقمق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3115
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tık-”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “طیقمق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1268
# طے
## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian طی (tay), from Arabic طي.

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /t̪ɛː/, /t̪əj/
* Rhymes: -ɛː

### Adjective

طَے • (tai) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling तय)
* decided, predetermined
    Synonym: نِشچِت

#### Related terms

* طَے کَرنا (“to fix, decide”)
* طَے شُدَہ (tai śuda, “fixed, allocated”)

### References

* “طے”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “طے”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
# شدت
## Persian
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شِدَّة (šidda).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʃið.ˈdat]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɪd̪.d̪ǽt̪]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʃɪd̪.d̪ǽt̪]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʃɪd̪.d̪ǽt̪]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʃid̪.d̪ǽt̪]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʃed̪.d̪ǽt̪]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʃid̪.d̪ǽt̪]

### Noun

| Dari | شدت |
| Iranian Persian | شدت |
| Tajik | шиддат |
شدت • (šeddat)
* depth, intensity
    شدت نور ― šeddat-e nur ― luminous intensity
* severity, ferocity, harshness
    به شدت ― be šeddat ― strongly, intensely, severely

#### Related terms

* شدید (šadid, “severe”)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian شدت (šiddat), from Arabic شِدَّة (šidda).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ʃɪd̪.d̪ət̪/

### Noun

شِدَّت • (śiddat) f (Hindi spelling शिद्दत)
* severity, sternness; intensity, harshness

### References

* “شدت”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “شدت”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
# شدراي
## Chadian Arabic
### Alternative forms

* شدرة (šadara)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʃa.da.raːj/
* Audio (N'Djamena):(file)

### Noun

شدراي • (šadarāy) f (singulative)
* singulative of شدر (šadar)

### References

* Heath, Judith, Mahadi, Mahamat Zene (2021) Lexique Arabe Tchadien-Français‎ (in French), 11th edition, N'Djamena, Chad: SIL Chad, page 30
* Absi, Samir Abu, Sinaud, Andre (1966) Spoken Chad Arabic, Washington D.C., USA: Peace Corps, page 44
# غالوش
## Ottoman Turkish
### Noun

غالوش • (galoş)
* earlier form of قالوش (kaloş, “galoshe”)
# شربتجی اوتی
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

From شربتجی (şerbetci, “maker or seller of sharbat”) + اوت (ot, “grass, herb”).

### Noun

شربتجی اوتی • (şerbetci otu)
* hop, any flowering plant of the species Humulus lupulus, whose female flowers are used to flavour many types of beer

#### Descendants

* Turkish: şerbetçi otu

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “şerbetçi otu”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4459
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “شربتجی اوتی”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 723
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “شربتجی اوتی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1121