# 修飾
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiūshì
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡ ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sau$^1$ sik$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siu-siak / siu-sek
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiūshì
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sioushìh
*** Wade–Giles: hsiu$^1$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: syōu-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shioushyh
*** Palladius: сюши (sjuši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$修士 修飾／修饰
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sau$^1$ sik$^1$
*** Yale: sāu sīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sau$^1$ sik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seo$^1$ xig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐu̯⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siu-siak
*** Tâi-lô: siu-siak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siusiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siu³³ siak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siu-sek
*** Tâi-lô: siu-sik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siuseg
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/

### Verb

修飾
* to decorate; to adorn; to embellish
* to make up; to dress up
* to polish (a piece of writing, etc.); to touch up
* (linguistics) to qualify; to modify

#### Synonyms

* (to make up):
* 打刷 (Xinzhou)
* 打扮
* 扮靚／扮靓 (bànliàng) (chiefly Cantonese)
* 扮飾／扮饰 (bànshì)
* 捯飭／捯饬 (dáochi) (colloquial)
* 梳妝／梳妆 (shūzhuāng)
* 結束／结束 (jiéshù) (archaic)
* 結果／结果 (obsolete)
* 裝扮／装扮 (zhuāngbàn)
* 裝束／装束 (zhuāngshù) (formal)
* 裝飾／装饰 (zhuāngshì)
* 裝點／装点 (zhuāngdiǎn)
* 點綴／点缀 (diǎnzhuì)
* (to polish):
* 文飾／文饰 (literary)
* 潤／润 (rùn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 潤色／润色 (rùnsè)
* 潤飾／润饰 (rùnshì)
* 雕琢 (diāozhuó) (figurative)
* 雕鑿／雕凿 (diāozáo) (figurative)

#### Derived terms

* 修飾語／修饰语 (xiūshìyǔ)
* 遺傳修飾／遗传修饰 (yíchuán xiūshì)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 修 | 飾 |
| しゅう Grade: 5 | しょく Grade: S |
| kan'on ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しゅうしょく [shùúshókú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕɨːɕo̞kɯ̟]

### Noun

修(しゅう)飾(しょく) • (shūshoku)
* adornment, decoration

#### Derived terms

* 修(しゅう)飾(しょく)キー (shūshoku kī)
* 修(しゅう)飾(しょく)語(ご) (shūshokugo)

### Verb

修(しゅう)飾(しょく)する • (shūshoku suru) transitive suru (stem 修(しゅう)飾(しょく)し (shūshoku shi), past 修(しゅう)飾(しょく)した (shūshoku shita))
* to adorn, to decorate
* (grammar) to modify

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 修飾し | しゅうしょくし | shūshoku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 修飾し | しゅうしょくし | shūshoku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 修飾する | しゅうしょくする | shūshoku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 修飾する | しゅうしょくする | shūshoku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 修飾すれ | しゅうしょくすれ | shūshoku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 修飾せよ¹ 修飾しろ² | しゅうしょくせよ¹ しゅうしょくしろ² | shūshoku seyo¹ shūshoku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 修飾される | しゅうしょくされる | shūshoku sareru |
| Causative | 修飾させる 修飾さす | しゅうしょくさせる しゅうしょくさす | shūshoku saseru shūshoku sasu |
| Potential | 修飾できる | しゅうしょくできる | shūshoku dekiru |
| Volitional | 修飾しよう | しゅうしょくしよう | shūshoku shiyō |
| Negative | 修飾しない | しゅうしょくしない | shūshoku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 修飾せず | しゅうしょくせず | shūshoku sezu |
| Formal | 修飾します | しゅうしょくします | shūshoku shimasu |
| Perfective | 修飾した | しゅうしょくした | shūshoku shita |
| Conjunctive | 修飾して | しゅうしょくして | shūshoku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 修飾すれば | しゅうしょくすれば | shūshoku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 修 | 飾 |

### Noun

修飾 • (susik) (hangeul 수식)
* hanja form of 수식 (“adornment, decoration”)