# 乘勢
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chéngshì
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sing$^4$ sai$^3$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sêng-sè / sīn-sì / sîn-sè / sêng-sì / sēng-sè / sēng-sì / sīn-sè
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sêng$^6$ si$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chéngshì
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chéngshìh
*** Wade–Giles: chʻêng$^2$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: chéng-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherngshyh
*** Palladius: чэнши (čɛnši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$乘勢／乘势 呈示 城事 城市 成事 承事 程式 誠是／诚是
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sing$^4$ sai$^3$
*** Yale: sìhng sai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sing$^4$ sai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xing$^4$ sei$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɪŋ²¹ sɐi̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sêng-sè
*** Tâi-lô: sîng-sè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sengsex
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² se²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ²³⁻³³ se²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīn-sì
*** Tâi-lô: sīn-sì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sixnsix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sin²²⁻²¹ si²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîn-sè
*** Tâi-lô: sîn-sè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sinsex
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sin²⁴⁻²² se²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sin²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sêng-sì
*** Tâi-lô: sîng-sì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sengsix
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ si¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ²³⁻³³ si²¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sēng-sè
*** Tâi-lô: sīng-sè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sexngsex
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ se¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ³³⁻²¹ se²¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sēng-sì
*** Tâi-lô: sīng-sì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sexngsix
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ³³⁻²¹ si²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ si¹¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīn-sè
*** Tâi-lô: sīn-sè
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sixnsex
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sin³³⁻²¹ se²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /sin³³⁻¹¹ se¹¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sêng$^6$ si$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sĕng sì
*** Sinological IPA : /seŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ si²¹³/
* Middle Chinese: zying syejH
Rime :
| Character | 乘 | 勢 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 船 (27) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) | 祭 (35) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 食陵切 | 舒制切 |
| Baxter | zying | syejH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʑɨŋ/ | /ɕiᴇi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʑɨŋ/ | /ɕiɛi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʑieŋ/ | /ɕjæi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʑiŋ/ | /ɕiaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʑiəŋ/ | /ɕiɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʑĭəŋ/ | /ɕĭɛi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /d͡ʑʰi̯əŋ/ | /ɕi̯ɛi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shéng | shì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sing$^4$ | sai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.ləŋ ŋ̊et-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljɯŋ hŋjeds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 乘 | 勢 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chéng | shì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ zying › | ‹ syej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.ləŋ/ | /*ŋ̊et-s/ |
| English | ride (v.) | circumstances, setting |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 乘 | 勢 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1452 | 15089 |
| Phonetic component | 乘 | 埶 |
| Rime group | 蒸 | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 繩 | 丗 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɦljɯŋ/ | /*hŋjeds/ |

### Verb

乘勢 (literary, intransitive)
* to seize an opportunity; to take advantage of a favorable situation
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Suī yǒu zhìhuì, bùrú chéngshì; suī yǒu zījī, bùrú dàishí. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* (formal) to make use of one's power

#### Synonyms

* (seize an opportunity):
* 乘機／乘机 (chéngjī)
* 乘間／乘间 (chéngjiàn) (literary)
* 乘隙 (chéngxì) (literary)
* 伺機／伺机 (sìjī)
* 趁勢／趁势 (chènshì)
* 趁機／趁机 (chènjī)
* 順勢／顺势 (shùnshì)