# ⲟⲩⲁⲡ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲟⲩⲟⲡ (ouop) — Sahidic
* ⲟⲩⲁⲃ$^†$ (ouab$^†$) — Bohairic
* ⲟⲩⲉⲉⲃ$^†$ (oueeb$^†$), ⲟⲩⲉⲃ$^†$ (oueb$^†$), ⲟⲩⲉϥ$^†$ (ouef$^†$), ⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ$^†$ (ouēēb$^†$) — Fayyumic

### Verb

ⲟⲩⲁⲡ • (ouap) (stative ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃⲉ or ⲟⲩⲁⲃⲉ)
* (Akhmimic, intransitive) to be pure, innocent
* (Akhmimic, stative) pure, holy

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲁⲡ ouap | imperative | affirmative | ⲟⲩⲁⲡ ouap |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ tm̄ouap, tm̄n̄ouap | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄n̄ouap |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲟⲩⲁⲡ tiouap | ⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ kouap | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ teouap | ϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ fouap | ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ souap | ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ tn̄ouap | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ tetn̄ouap | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ seouap | ⲟⲩⲁⲡ ouap |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ eïouap | ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ ekouap | ⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ ereouap | ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ efouap | ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ esouap | ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ enouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etetn̄ouap | ⲉⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ euouap | ⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ e- ouap, ere- ouap |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲟⲩⲁⲡ etiouap | ⲉⲧⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ etkouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ eteouap, etereouap | ⲉⲧϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ etfouap | ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ etsouap | ⲉⲧⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ etnouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etetn̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ etououap | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ ete- ouap, etere- ouap |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ naïouap | ⲛⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ nakouap | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ nareouap | ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nafouap | ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nasouap | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ nanouap | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ natetn̄ouap | ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ nauouap | ⲛⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ na- ouap, nare- ouap |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲟⲩⲁⲡ aiouap | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ akouap | ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ areouap | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ afouap | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ asouap | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ anouap | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ aretenouap | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ auouap | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲁⲣ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ a- ouap, ar- ouap, are- ouap |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ tinaouap | ⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ knaouap | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ tenaouap | ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ fnaouap | ⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ snaouap | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ tn̄naouap | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ tetnaouap | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ senaouap | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ naouap |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ eïnaouap | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ eknaouap | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ erenaouap | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ efnaouap | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ esnaouap | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ ennaouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ etetnaouap | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ eunaouap | ⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ e- naouap |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ etinaouap | ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ etknaouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ etenaouap, eterenaouap | ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ etfnaouap | ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ etsnaouap | ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ etnnaouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ etetnaouap | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ etounaouap | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ ete- naouap |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ naïnaouap | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ naknaouap | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ narenaouap | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ nafnaouap | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ nasnaouap | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ nannaouap | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ netetnaouap | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ naunaouap | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ na- naouap |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ ainaouap | ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ aknaouap, eknaouap | ⲁⲣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ araouap | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ afnaouap | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ asnaouap | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ annaouap | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ aretennaouap | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ aunaouap | ⲁ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ a- naouap, are- naouap |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ aïouap | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ akouap | ⲁⲣⲟⲩⲁⲡ arouap | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ afouap | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ asouap | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ anouap | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ atetn̄ouap | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ auouap | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ a- ouap |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄piouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄pk̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄peouap, m̄pr̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄pf̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄ps̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄pn̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄petn̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄pououap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄pe- ouap |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ eaïouap | ⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ eakouap | ⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲁⲡ earouap | ⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ eafouap | ⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ easouap | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ eanouap | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ eatetn̄ouap | ⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ eauouap | ⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ ea- ouap |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄piouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄pk̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄peouap, em̄pr̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄pf̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄ps̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄pn̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄petn̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄pououap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄pe- ouap |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etaïouap | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ etakouap | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲁⲡ etarouap | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ etafouap | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ etasouap | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ etanouap | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etatetn̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ etauouap | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ eta- ouap |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄piouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄pk̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄peouap, etem̄pr̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄pf̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄ps̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄pn̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄petn̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄pououap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄pe- ouap |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ neaïouap | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ neakouap | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲁⲡ nearouap | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ neafouap | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ neasouap | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ neanouap | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ neatetn̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ neauouap | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nea- ouap |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄piouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄pk̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄peouap, nem̄pr̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄pf̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄ps̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄pn̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄petn̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄pououap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄pe- ouap |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ naïouap | ⲛⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ nakouap | ⲛⲁⲣⲟⲩⲁⲡ narouap | ⲛⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nafouap | ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nasouap | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ nanouap | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ natetn̄ouap | ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ nauouap | ⲛⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ na- ouap |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄patiouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄patk̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄pateouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄patf̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄pats̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄patn̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄patetn̄ouap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄patououap | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ m̄pate- ouap |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄patiouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄patk̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄pateouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄patf̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄pats̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄patn̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄patetn̄ouap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄patououap | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ em̄pate- ouap |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄patiouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄patk̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄pateouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄patf̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄pats̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄patn̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄patetn̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄patououap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etem̄pate- ouap |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄patiouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄patk̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄pateouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄patf̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄pats̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄patn̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄patetn̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄patououap | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nem̄pate- ouap |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ xareïouap | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ xarekouap | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ xareouap | ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ xarefouap | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ xaresouap | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ xarenouap | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ xaretetn̄ouap | ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ xarououap | ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ xare- ouap |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ maïouap | ⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ makouap | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ mareouap | ⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ mafouap | ⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ masouap | ⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ manouap | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ matetn̄ouap | ⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ mauouap | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ mare- ouap, ma- ouap |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ exareïouap | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ exarekouap | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ exareouap | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ exarefouap | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ exaresouap | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ exarenouap | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ exaretetn̄ouap | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ exarououap | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ exare- ouap |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ emaïouap | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ emakouap | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ emareouap | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ emafouap | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ emasouap | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ emanouap | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ ematetn̄ouap | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ emauouap | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ emare- ouap, ema- ouap |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etexareïouap, etxareïouap | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ etexarekouap, etxarekouap | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ etexareouap, etxareouap | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ etexarefouap, etxarefouap | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ etexaresouap, etxaresouap | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ etexarenouap, etxarenouap | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etexaretetn̄ouap, etxaretetn̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ etexarououap, etxarououap | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etexare- ouap, etxare- ouap |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etemaïouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ etemakouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ etemareouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ etemafouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ etemasouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ etemanouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etematetn̄ouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ etemauouap | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ etemare- ouap, etema- ouap |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nexareïouap | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ nexarekouap | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ nexareouap | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nexarefouap | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nexaresouap | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ nexarenouap | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nexaretetn̄ouap | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ nexarououap | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nexare- ouap |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nemaïouap | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ nemakouap | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ nemareouap | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nemafouap | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nemasouap | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ nemanouap | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nematetn̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ nemauouap | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ nemare- ouap, nema- ouap |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ amaïouap | ⲁⲙⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ amakouap | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ amareouap | ⲁⲙⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ amafouap | ⲁⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ amasouap | ⲁⲙⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ amanouap | ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ amatetn̄ouap | ⲁⲙⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ amauouap | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲙⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ amare- ouap, ma- ouap |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ aïaouap | ⲁⲕⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ akaouap | ⲁⲣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ araouap | ⲁϥⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ afaouap | ⲁⲥⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ asaouap | ⲁⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ anaouap | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ atetnaouap | ⲁⲩⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ auaouap | ⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ a- ouap |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ naouap, enaouap | ⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ nekouap, enekouap | ⲛⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ neouap, eneouap | ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nefouap, enefouap | ⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ nesouap, enesouap | ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ nenouap, enenouap | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ netn̄ouap, enetn̄ouap | ⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ neuouap, eneuouap | ⲛⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ ne- ouap |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲁⲡ mariouap | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ marefouap | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ maresouap | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ marn̄ouap | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ marououap | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ mare- ouap |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ mn̄taouap | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ mn̄tf̄ouap | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ mn̄ts̄ouap | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ mn̄tn̄ouap | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ mn̄tououap | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ mn̄te- ouap |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ taouap | ⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ kouap | ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ teouap | ϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ fouap, n̄tfouap | ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ souap | ⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ tn̄ouap | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ tetn̄ouap | ⲥⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲥⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ seouap, sououap | ⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ te- ouap |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲁⲡ tariouap | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ tarekouap | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ tareouap | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ tarefouap | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ taresouap | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ tarn̄ouap | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ taretetn̄ouap | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ tarououap | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ tare- ouap |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲟⲩⲁⲡ n̄tariouap, tariouap | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ n̄tarekouap, tarekouap | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ n̄tareouap, tareouap | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ n̄tarefouap, tarefouap | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ n̄taresouap, taresouap | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ n̄tarn̄ouap, tarn̄ouap | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ n̄taretn̄ouap, taretn̄ouap | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ n̄tarououap, tarououap | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ n̄tare- ouap, tare- ouap |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲟⲩⲁⲡ šatiouap | ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ šatk̄ouap | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ šateouap | ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ šatf̄ouap | ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ šats̄ouap | ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ šatn̄ouap | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ šatetn̄ouap | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ šatououap | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ šate- ouap |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ aïšaouap, eïšaouap | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲕϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ akšaouap, ekšaouap | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ arešaouap, erešaouap | ⲁϥϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉϥϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ afšaouap, efšaouap | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲥϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ asšaouap, esšaouap | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲛϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ anšaouap, enšaouap | ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ ašatetn̄ouap, ešatetn̄ouap | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉⲩϣⲁⲟⲩⲁⲡ aušaouap, eušaouap | ⲁϣⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ, ⲉϣⲁ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ aša- ouap, eša- ouap |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲁⲡ aïouap | ⲁⲕⲟⲩⲁⲡ akouap | ⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲁⲡ areouap | ⲁϥⲟⲩⲁⲡ afouap | ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲁⲡ asouap | ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡ anouap | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲁⲡ atetn̄ouap | ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲁⲡ auouap | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲟⲩⲁⲡ are- ouap |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- |

### Noun

ⲟⲩⲁⲡ • (ouap) m
* (Akhmimic) purity