# 遺言
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yíyán
    (Zhuyin): ㄧˊ ㄧㄢˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wai$^4$ jin$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vùi-ngièn / vùi-ngiàn
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ûi-giân / ûi-gân / î-giân / î-gân
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yíyán
*** Zhuyin: ㄧˊ ㄧㄢˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yíyán
*** Wade–Giles: i$^2$-yen$^2$
*** Yale: yí-yán
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yiyan
*** Palladius: иянь (ijanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /i³⁵ jɛn³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wai$^4$ jin$^4$
*** Yale: wàih yìhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wai$^4$ jin$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wei$^4$ yin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐi̯²¹ jiːn²¹/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vùi-ngièn
*** Hakka Romanization System: vui$^ˇ$ ngien$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: vui$^2$ ngian$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /vu̯i¹¹ ŋi̯en¹¹/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vùi-ngiàn
*** Hakka Romanization System: vui$^ˇ$ ngian$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: vui$^2$ ngian$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /vu̯i¹¹ ŋi̯an¹¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi-giân
*** Tâi-lô: uî-giân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ui'gieen
*** IPA (Taipei): /ui²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡiɛn²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²³⁻³³ ɡiɛn²³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /ui²⁴⁻²² ɡiɛn²⁴/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûi-gân
*** Tâi-lô: uî-gân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ui'gaan
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ui¹³⁻²² ɡan¹³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ui²³⁻³³ ɡan²³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ui²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡan²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î-giân
*** Tâi-lô: î-giân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: i'gieen
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /i²⁴⁻²² ɡiɛn²⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î-gân
*** Tâi-lô: î-gân
*** Phofsit Daibuun: i'gaan
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /i¹³⁻²² ɡan¹³/

### Noun

遺言
* last words; deathbed wishes; testament

#### Synonyms

* 遺願／遗愿 (yíyuàn)

#### Related terms

* 遺囑／遗嘱 (yízhǔ)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 遺(い)言(げん) (igen); 遺(い)言(ごん) (igon); 遺(ゆい)言(ごん) (yuigon)
* → Korean: 유언(遺言) (yueon)
* → Vietnamese: di ngôn (遺言)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 遺 | 言 |
| ゆい Grade: 6 | ごん Grade: 2 |
| goon ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ゆいごん [yùígóń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [jɯ̟iɡõ̞ɴ]

#### Noun

遺(ゆい)言(ごん) • (yuigon)
* will (legal document)

##### Derived terms

* 遺(ゆい)言(ごん)者(しゃ) (yuigonsha)
* 遺(ゆい)言(ごん)書(しょ) (yuigonsho)
* 遺(ゆい)言(ごん)状(じょう) (yuigonjō)
* 遺(ゆい)言(ごん)信(しん)託(たく) (yuigon shintaku)

#### Verb

遺(ゆい)言(ごん)する • (yuigon suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 遺(ゆい)言(ごん)し (yuigon shi), past 遺(ゆい)言(ごん)した (yuigon shita))
* to will

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 遺言し | ゆいごんし | yuigon shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 遺言し | ゆいごんし | yuigon shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 遺言する | ゆいごんする | yuigon suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 遺言する | ゆいごんする | yuigon suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 遺言すれ | ゆいごんすれ | yuigon sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 遺言せよ¹ 遺言しろ² | ゆいごんせよ¹ ゆいごんしろ² | yuigon seyo¹ yuigon shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 遺言される | ゆいごんされる | yuigon sareru |
| Causative | 遺言させる 遺言さす | ゆいごんさせる ゆいごんさす | yuigon saseru yuigon sasu |
| Potential | 遺言できる | ゆいごんできる | yuigon dekiru |
| Volitional | 遺言しよう | ゆいごんしよう | yuigon shiyō |
| Negative | 遺言しない | ゆいごんしない | yuigon shinai |
| Negative continuative | 遺言せず | ゆいごんせず | yuigon sezu |
| Formal | 遺言します | ゆいごんします | yuigon shimasu |
| Perfective | 遺言した | ゆいごんした | yuigon shita |
| Conjunctive | 遺言して | ゆいごんして | yuigon shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 遺言すれば | ゆいごんすれば | yuigon sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 遺 | 言 |
| い Grade: 6 | ごん Grade: 2 |
| kan'on | goon |

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いごん [ìgóń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [iɡõ̞ɴ]

#### Noun

遺(い)言(ごん) • (igon)
* (usually law) will

##### Derived terms

* 遺(い)言(ごん)執(しっ)行(こう)者(しゃ) (igon shikkōsha)
* 遺(い)言(ごん)証(しょう)書(しょ) (igon shōsho)
* 遺(い)言(ごん)信(しん)託(たく) (igon shintaku)
* 遺(い)言(ごん)能(のう)力(りょく) (igon nōryoku)
* 遺(い)言(ごん)養(よう)子(し) (igon yōshi)

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 遺 | 言 |
| い Grade: 6 | げん Grade: 2 |
| kan'on ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いげん [ìgéń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [iɡẽ̞ɴ]

#### Noun

遺(い)言(げん) • (igen)
* (uncommon) will
* words left by people in the past

### See also

* 遺(い)書(しょ) (isho)

### References

* 1 2 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 遺 | 言 |

### Noun

遺言 • (yueon) (hangeul 유언)
* hanja form of 유언