# 懈

| 懈 | U+61C8, &#25032; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61C8 |
| ← 懇 [U+61C7] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 應 → [U+61C9] |

## Translingual
### Han character

懈 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 心弓月手 (PNBQ), four-corner 9705$_2$, composition ⿰忄解)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 405, character 19
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11328
* Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 30
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2362, character 7
* Unihan data for U+61C8

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 薢 | *kreː, *kreːʔ, *kreːs |
| 解 | *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs |
| 檞 | *kreːʔ |
| 懈 | *kreːs |
| 繲 | *kreːs |
| 廨 | *kreːs |
| 蟹 | *ɡreːʔ |
| 獬 | *ɡreːʔ |
| 澥 | *ɡreːʔ |
| 嶰 | *ɡreːʔ |
| 邂 | *ɡreːs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːs) : semantic 忄 + phonetic 解 (OC *kreːʔ, *kreːs, *ɡreːʔ, *ɡreːs).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiè (xie$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): haai$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hai
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hāi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiè
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siè
*** Wade–Giles: hsieh$^4$
*** Yale: syè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shieh
*** Palladius: се (se)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: haai$^6$
*** Yale: haaih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: haai$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hai$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /haːi̯²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hai
*** Hakka Romanization System: hai
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /hai̯⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hāi
*** Tâi-lô: hāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hai
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hai³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hai²²/
* Middle Chinese: keaH
Rime :
| Character | 懈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 佳 (31) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古隘切 |
| Baxter | keaH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠɛ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚæ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kæi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kaɨj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kɛ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kai$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kai$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jià |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gaai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kreːs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 懈 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6477 |
| Phonetic component | 解 |
| Rime group | 支 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 懈 |
| Old Chinese | /*kreːs/ |

### Definitions

懈
* (literary, or in compounds) lazy; slack; idle

### Compounds

* 不懈 (bùxiè)
* 匪懈
* 合作無懈／合作无懈
* 堅持不懈／坚持不懈 (jiānchíbùxiè)
* 夙夜不懈
* 夙夜匪懈 (sùyèfěixiè)
* 奮鬥不懈／奋斗不懈
* 少懈
* 常備不懈／常备不懈
* 懈弛
* 懈怠 (xièdài)
* 懈意
* 懈慢
* 懈話／懈话
* 懈鬆／懈松
* 無懈可擊／无懈可击 (wúxièkějī)
* 鬆懈／松懈 (sōngxiè)

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01451
* “懈”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* laziness

#### Readings

* Go-on: け (ke)
* Kan-on: かい (kai)
* Kan’yō-on: げ (ge)
* Kun: おこたる (okotaru)

#### Compounds

* 懈怠

## Korean
### Hanja

懈 (eum 해 (hae))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

懈: Hán Nôm readings: giải
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation