# 苴

| 苴 | U+82F4, &#33524; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82F4 |
| ← 苳 [U+82F3] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 苵 → [U+82F5] |

## Translingual
### Han character

苴 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿月一 (TBM), four-corner 4410$_7$, composition ⿱艹且)

#### Derived chracters

* 䃊 𢯽 𣕈 𥠙 𭄳

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 1024, character 16
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30813
* Dae Jaweon: page 1484, character 8
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3190, character 5
* Unihan data for U+82F4

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 苴 :
| Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 虘 | *zaːl, *zaː |
| 蔖 | *zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ |
| 摣 | *rnaː, *ʔsraː |
| 袓 | *ʔsjaː, *zaʔ |
| 怚 | *ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ |
| 罝 | *ʔsjaː |
| 謯 | *ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ |
| 姐 | *ʔsjaːʔ |
| 抯 | *ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː |
| 飷 | *ʔsjaːʔ |
| 且 | *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa |
| 趄 | *sʰjaːs, *sʰa |
| 笡 | *sʰjaːs |
| 查 | *ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː |
| 柤 | *ʔsraː |
| 樝 | *ʔsraː |
| 皻 | *ʔsraː |
| 渣 | *ʔsraː |
| 楂 | *zraː |
| 苴 | *zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa |
| 駔 | *ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ |
| 租 | *ʔsaː |
| 蒩 | *ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa |
| 祖 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 組 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 珇 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 靻 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 粗 | *sʰaː, *zaːʔ |
| 徂 | *zaː |
| 殂 | *zaː |
| 麆 | *zaːʔ, *zras |
| 伹 | *zaːʔ, *sʰa |
| 蛆 | *ʔsa, *sʰa |
| 沮 | *ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra |
| 咀 | *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ |
| 疽 | *sʰa |
| 雎 | *sʰa |
| 狙 | *sʰa, *sʰas |
| 岨 | *sʰa |
| 砠 | *sʰa |
| 坥 | *sʰa, *sʰas |
| 刞 | *sʰas |
| 覰 | *sʰas |
| 覷 | *sʰas |
| 跙 | *zaʔ |
| 筯 | *das |
| 菹 | *ʔsra |
| 葅 | *ʔsra |
| 阻 | *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras |
| 俎 | *ʔsraʔ |
| 詛 | *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras |
| 鉏 | *zra, *zraʔ |
| 豠 | *zra |
| 鋤 | *zra |
| 耡 | *zra, *zras |
| 齟 | *zraʔ |
| 助 | *zras |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jū, jǔ (ju$^1$, ju$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩ, ㄐㄩˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zeoi$^1$ / zeoi$^2$ / ceoi$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jū
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyu
*** Wade–Giles: chü$^1$
*** Yale: jyū
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiu
*** Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jyǔ
*** Wade–Giles: chü$^3$
*** Yale: jyǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeu
*** Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕy²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zeoi$^1$ / zeoi$^2$ / ceoi$^1$
*** Yale: jēui / jéui / chēui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzoey$^1$ / dzoey$^2$ / tsoey$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zêu$^1$ / zêu$^2$ / cêu$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɵy̯⁵⁵/, /t͡sɵy̯³⁵/, /t͡sʰɵy̯⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsjo, tsjoX, tshjo
Rime :
| Character | 苴 | 苴 | 苴 |
| Reading # | 2/4 | 4/4 | 1/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 魚 (22) | 魚 (22) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 子魚切 | 子與切 | 七余切 |
| Baxter | tsjo | tsjoX | tshjo |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡sɨʌ/ | /t͡sɨʌ$^X$/ | /t͡sʰɨʌ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡siɔ/ | /t͡siɔ$^X$/ | /t͡sʰiɔ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡siɔ/ | /t͡siɔ$^X$/ | /t͡sʰiɔ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sɨə̆/ | /t͡sɨə̆$^X$/ | /t͡sʰɨə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡siɔ/ | /t͡siɔ$^X$/ | /t͡sʰiɔ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡sĭo/ | /t͡sĭo$^X$/ | /t͡sʰĭo/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡si̯wo/ | /t͡si̯wo$^X$/ | /t͡sʰi̯wo/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jū | jǔ | qū |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zeoi$^1$ | zeoi$^2$ | ceoi$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsa/, /*ʔsaʔ/, /*sʰa/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 苴 | 苴 | 苴 |
| Reading # | 2/4 | 3/4 | 4/4 |
| No. | 10412 | 10417 | 10428 |
| Phonetic component | 且 | 且 | 且 |
| Rime group | 魚 | 魚 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 且 | 苴 | 疽 |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsa/ | /*ʔsaʔ/ | /*sʰa/ |

#### Definitions

苴
* (archaic) female hemp plant; seed-bearing hemp
* (archaic) seeds of female hemp
* (archaic) coarse; rough
* (archaic) grass insole; pad in shoe
* (literary) to patch; to mend
    補苴／补苴 ― bǔjū ― to patch; to mend
* (archaic) to wrap
* a surname

#### Usage notes

漢語大字典 (ed. 2) assigns pronunciation jū to all senses listed above, while 重編國語辭典修訂本 (online ed. 6) gives jǔ for sense 6 as well as the word 芭苴 (“Musa”), and jū for all other senses.

#### Compounds

* 且苴
* 佉苴 (qūjū)
* 包苴
* 狄苴
* 芭苴
* 苴國／苴国
* 苴布
* 苴服
* 苴杖
* 苴枲
* 苴絰／苴绖
* 苞苴
* 苴茅
* 苞苴公行
* 苞苴竿牘／苞苴竿牍
* 苞苴賄賂／苞苴贿赂
* 苴麻
* 蒪苴
* 補苴／补苴 (bǔjū)
* 補苴罅漏／补苴罅漏 (bǔjūxiàlòu)
* 補苴調胹／补苴调胹

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chá (cha$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): caa$^1$ / caa$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chá
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chá
*** Wade–Giles: chʻa$^2$
*** Yale: chá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: char
*** Palladius: ча (ča)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caa$^1$ / caa$^4$
*** Yale: chā / chàh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaa$^1$ / tsaa$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ca$^1$ / ca$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰaː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: dzrae
Rime :
| Character | 苴 |
| Reading # | 3/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 鉏加切 |
| Baxter | dzrae |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʒˠa/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖ͡ʐᵚa/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʒa/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖ͡ʐaɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʒa/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʒa/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɖ͡ʐʱa/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chá |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | caa$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*zraː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 苴 |
| Reading # | 1/4 |
| No. | 10393 |
| Phonetic component | 且 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 楂 |
| Old Chinese | /*zraː/ |

#### Definitions

苴
* (archaic, rare) floating weed; dead grass

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhǎ (zha$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄚˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaa$^2$ / zaa$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhǎ
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄚˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎ
*** Wade–Giles: cha$^3$
*** Yale: jǎ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaa
*** Palladius: чжа (čža)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂä²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaa$^2$ / zaa$^3$
*** Yale: já / ja
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaa$^2$ / dzaa$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: za$^2$ / za$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saː³⁵/, /t͡saː³³/

#### Definitions

苴
* (literary) Only used in 土苴 (chǎzhǎ).

#### Compounds

* 土苴 (chǎzhǎ)

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xié (xie$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xié
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sié
*** Wade–Giles: hsieh$^2$
*** Yale: syé
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
*** Palladius: се (se)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

#### Definitions

苴
* (historical) Only used in 羊苴咩.

#### Compounds

* 羊苴咩
* 苴咩
* 陽苴咩／阳苴咩

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chū
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū
*** Tâi-lô: tsū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zu
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³/

#### Definitions

苴
* (Southern Min) to lay something on a surface
* (Southern Min) cushion; pad

### Etymology 6

* For pronunciation and definitions of 苴 – see 菹 (“salted or pickled vegetables”). (This character is a variant form of 菹).

### Etymology 7

* For pronunciation and definitions of 苴 – see 菹 (“salted or pickled vegetables”). (This character is a variant form of 葅, which is in turn a variant form of 菹).

### Etymology 8

* For pronunciation and definitions of 苴 – see 蒩. (This character is a variant form of 蒩).

### Etymology 9

* For pronunciation and definitions of 苴 – see 柤 (“hawthorn”). (This character is a variant form of 柤).

### References

* “Entry #5471”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
* “Entry #5983”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
* “苴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* husk
* bract
* straw wrapper
* souvenir gift
* bribe

#### Readings

* Go-on: そ (so)
* Kan-on: しょ (sho)
* Kun: あさ (asa, 苴)、つと (tsuto)

## Korean
### Hanja

苴 • (jeo) (hangeul 저, revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

苴: Hán Nôm readings: thư, tra, tư
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.