# 行列
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hángliè
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄤˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hong$^4$ lit$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hòng-lie̍t
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hâng-lia̍t
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hángliè
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄤˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hángliè
*** Wade–Giles: hang$^2$-lieh$^4$
*** Yale: háng-lyè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harnglieh
*** Palladius: ханле (xanle)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɑŋ³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hong$^4$ lit$^6$
*** Yale: hòhng liht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hong$^4$ lit$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hong$^4$ lid$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːŋ²¹ liːt̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hòng-lie̍t
*** Hakka Romanization System: hong$^ˇ$ lied
*** Hagfa Pinyim: hong$^2$ liad$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /hoŋ¹¹ li̯et̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâng-lia̍t
*** Tâi-lô: hâng-lia̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hangliat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /haŋ²⁴⁻²² liɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /haŋ²⁴⁻²² liɛt̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /haŋ¹³⁻²² liɛt̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ liɛt̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /haŋ²³⁻³³ liɛt̚⁴/

### Noun

行列
* row or column
* ranks; procession; rows
       jiārù tāmen de hángliè [Pinyin]
       to join them

#### Derived terms

* 行列式 (hánglièshì)
* 隊伍行列／队伍行列

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 行 | 列 |
| ぎょう Grade: 2 | れつ Grade: 3 |
| goon | kan'on |

### Etymology

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 行列 (MC haeng ljet). First attested in Japanese in 749.
The date of the mathematical sense is uncertain. Matrices for calculation were long known in Chinese mathematics, and were used to solve systems of linear equations in the work 九章算術／九章算术 (“The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art”), compiled from the 10th through the 2nd centuries BCE. The component terms 行 and 列 (liè) are both used in that text, but not in the particular combination of 行列 (hángliè) (see also Wikisource). The first Japanese work on this aspect of mathematics was a 1683 text by 関孝和 (Seki Takakazu), but it is not yet clear if this text includes the term 行列 (gyōretsu) with the sense of matrix.

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぎょーれつ [gyòórétsú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɡʲo̞ːɾe̞t͡sɨ]

### Noun

行(ぎょう)列(れつ) • (gyōretsu)
* [from 1870s] a line or queue, a procession in single file
* [from 749] a ceremonial procession
    Synonym: 鹵簿 (robo)
* [date uncertain] (mathematics) a matrix

### Verb

行(ぎょう)列(れつ)する • (gyōretsu suru) suru (stem 行(ぎょう)列(れつ)し (gyōretsu shi), past 行(ぎょう)列(れつ)した (gyōretsu shita))
* [from 1870s] to form a line, to proceed in single file

### References

* ↑ “行列”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
   * 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.