# 拾遺
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shíyí
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˊ ㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sap$^6$ wai$^4$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): si̍p-ûi
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shíyí
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˊ ㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shíhyí
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^2$-i$^2$
*** Yale: shŕ-yí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyryi
*** Palladius: шии (šii)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩³⁵ i³⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$拾遺／拾遗 時宜／时宜 食宜
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sap$^6$ wai$^4$
*** Yale: sahp wàih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sap$^9$ wai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seb$^6$ wei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐp̚² wɐi̯²¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si̍p-ûi
*** Tâi-lô: si̍p-uî
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sib'uii
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sip̚²⁴⁻² ui²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /sip̚⁴⁻³² ui²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ui¹³/
* Middle Chinese: dzyip ywij
Rime :
| Character | 拾 | 遺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 緝 (141) | 脂 (16) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 是執切 | 以追切 |
| Baxter | dzyip | ywij |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑiɪp̚/ | /jiuɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑip̚/ | /jʷi/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑjep̚/ | /juɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑip̚/ | /jwi/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiəp̚/ | /ui/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭĕp̚/ | /jwi/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʑi̯əp̚/ | /wi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shí | wéi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sap$^6$ | wai$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d][ə]p [ɢ](r)uj/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡjub lul/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 拾 | 遺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shí | yí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyip › | ‹ ywij › |
| Old Chinese | /*[d][ə]p/ | /*[ɢ](r)uj/ |
| English | pick up, gather | leave; reject |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 拾 | 遺 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 5001 | 4741 |
| Phonetic component | 合 | 貴 |
| Rime group | 緝 | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 十 | 惟 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡjub/ | /*lul/ |

### Verb

拾遺
* to appropriate lost property
    From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
    Guófǎ jìn shíyí, è mín zhī guàn yǐ wú fēn dé yě. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* to make good omissions (often used in book titles)

#### Derived terms

* 路不拾遺／路不拾遗 (lùbùshíyí)
* 道不拾遺／道不拾遗 (dàobùshíyí)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 拾(しゅう)遺(い) (shūi)
* → Korean: 습유(拾遺) (seubyu)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 拾 | 遺 |
| しゅう Grade: 3 | い Grade: 6 |
| kan'on ||

### Etymology

/ɕipu wi/ → /ɕiɸuwi/ → /ɕiuwi/ → /ɕɨːwi/ → /ɕɨːi/
From Middle Chinese 拾遺 (MC dzyip ywij).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しゅうい [shúꜜùì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [ɕɨːi]

### Noun

拾(しゅう)遺(い) • (shūi)
* a gleaning, especially of missed works in a book or unpublished poems of an anthology
* (historical) Chinese equivalent of 侍従 (jijū): an equerry in the imperial ministry of the center
* (historical) in China, compensation for a ruler's negligence; also a government official who admonishes for the ruler's said act(s)
* a kind of 薫き物 (takimono, “mixture of aromatic woods”)

#### Derived terms

* 拾(しゅう)遺(い)抄(しょう) (Shūishō)
* 拾(しゅう)遺(い)補(ほ)闕(けつ) (shūi hoketsu)
* 拾(しゅう)遺(い)和(わ)歌(か)集(しゅう) (Shūi Wakashū)
* 宇(う)治(じ)拾(しゅう)遺(い)物(もの)語(がたり) (Uji Shūi Monogatari)

### Verb

拾(しゅう)遺(い)する • (shūi suru) suru (stem 拾(しゅう)遺(い)し (shūi shi), past 拾(しゅう)遺(い)した (shūi shita))
* to glean especially missed works in a book

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 拾遺し | しゅういし | shūi shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 拾遺し | しゅういし | shūi shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 拾遺する | しゅういする | shūi suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 拾遺する | しゅういする | shūi suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 拾遺すれ | しゅういすれ | shūi sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 拾遺せよ¹ 拾遺しろ² | しゅういせよ¹ しゅういしろ² | shūi seyo¹ shūi shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 拾遺される | しゅういされる | shūi sareru |
| Causative | 拾遺させる 拾遺さす | しゅういさせる しゅういさす | shūi saseru shūi sasu |
| Potential | 拾遺できる | しゅういできる | shūi dekiru |
| Volitional | 拾遺しよう | しゅういしよう | shūi shiyō |
| Negative | 拾遺しない | しゅういしない | shūi shinai |
| Negative continuative | 拾遺せず | しゅういせず | shūi sezu |
| Formal | 拾遺します | しゅういします | shūi shimasu |
| Perfective | 拾遺した | しゅういした | shūi shita |
| Conjunctive | 拾遺して | しゅういして | shūi shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 拾遺すれば | しゅういすれば | shūi sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Proper noun

拾(しゅう)遺(い) • (Shūi)
* Short for 拾遺和歌集 (Shūi Wakashū): the third of the imperial waka anthologies

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN