# 慘淡
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): cǎndàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄘㄢˇ ㄉㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): caam$^2$ daam$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhám-tām / chhám-tǎm
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: cǎndàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˇ ㄉㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cǎndàn
*** Wade–Giles: tsʻan$^3$-tan$^4$
*** Yale: tsǎn-dàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaandann
*** Palladius: цаньдань (canʹdanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$慘淡／惨淡 慘澹／惨澹 黲淡／黪淡
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: caam$^2$ daam$^6$
*** Yale: cháam daahm
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsaam$^2$ daam$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cam$^2$ dam$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰaːm³⁵ taːm²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhám-tām
*** Tâi-lô: tshám-tām
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhafmdam
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam³³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tam²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhám-tǎm
*** Tâi-lô: tshám-tǎm
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tam²²/

### Adjective

慘淡
* gloomy; sombre; dim
* sad; desolate
* (of business, situation, etc.) bleak; slack
    From: 1925, 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 背影 (Retreating Figure)
    Zhèxiē rìzi, jiā zhōng guāngjǐng hěn shì cǎndàn, yībàn wèile sāngshì, yībàn wèile fùqīn fùxián. [Pinyin]
    These days our family is in reduced circumstances, due partly to the funeral expenses and partly to father's unemployment.
* painstaking

#### Synonyms

* (dim):
* 冥冥 (míngmíng) (literary)
* 慘／惨 (cǎn) (literary, or in compounds)
* 慘白／惨白 (cǎnbái)
* 昏暗 (hūn'àn)
* 昏沉 (hūnchén)
* 昏黑 (hūnhēi)
* 晦冥 (huìmíng) (literary, used both literally and figuratively)
* 晦暗 (huì'àn) (literary)
* 暗淡 (àndàn) (used both literally and figuratively)
* 烏暗／乌暗 (Hokkien, Teochew)
* 陰幽／阴幽 (yīnyōu) (literary)
* 黑暗 (hēi'àn)
* (sad):
* 京京 (jīngjīng) (literary)
* 傷心／伤心 (shāngxīn)
* 傷悲／伤悲 (shāngbēi) (literary)
* 傷感／伤感 (shānggǎn)
* 傷懷／伤怀 (shānghuái) (literary)
* 傷痛／伤痛 (shāngtòng)
* 傷神／伤神 (shāngshén) (literary)
* 刺心 (cìxīn)
* 哀傷／哀伤 (āishāng)
* 哀切 (āiqiè)
* 哀怨 (āiyuàn)
* 哀悽／哀凄 (āiqī)
* 哀慟／哀恸 (āitòng)
* 哀戚 (āiqī) (literary)
* 哀痛 (āitòng)
* 心酸 (xīnsuān)
* 怛傷／怛伤 (dáshāng) (literary)
* 悄然 (qiǎorán) (literary)
* 情傷／情伤 (qíngshāng) (literary)
* 悲催 (bēicuī) (neologism, jocular)
* 悲傷／悲伤 (bēishāng)
* 悲切 (bēiqiè) (literary)
* 悲哀 (bēi'āi)
* 悲悽／悲凄 (bēiqī)
* 悱惻／悱恻 (fěicè) (literary)
* 悽惶／凄惶 (qīhuáng) (literary)
* 悲愴／悲怆 (bēichuàng) (literary)
* 悽愴／凄怆 (qīchuàng) (literary)
* 悲慘／悲惨 (bēicǎn)
* 悲慟／悲恸 (bēitòng)
* 悲戚 (bēiqī)
* 悽戚／凄戚 (qīqī) (literary)
* 悲摧 (bēicuī) (literary)
* 悲楚 (bēichǔ) (literary)
* 悲涼／悲凉 (bēiliáng)
* 悲痛 (bēitòng)
* 悲苦 (bēikǔ)
* 感傷／感伤 (gǎnshāng)
* 愀愴／愀怆 (qiǎochuàng)
* 愁楚 (chóuchǔ) (literary)
* 惻然／恻然 (cèrán) (literary)
* 愴然／怆然 (chuàngrán) (literary)
* 慘／惨 (cǎn)
* 憂傷／忧伤 (yōushāng)
* 慘悽／惨凄 (cǎnqī)
* 憂愁／忧愁 (yōuchóu)
* 憂戚／忧戚 (yōuqī) (literary)
* 憯懍／憯懔 (cǎnlǐn)
* 懤懤／㤽㤽 (chóuchóu)
* 沉痛 (chéntòng)
* 淒切／凄切 (qīqiè)
* 淒惻／凄恻 (qīcè) (literary)
* 淒慘／凄惨 (qīcǎn)
* 淒楚／凄楚 (qīchǔ)
* 淒涼／凄凉 (qīliáng)
* 淒然／凄然 (qīrán) (literary)
* 痛心 (tòngxīn)
* 艱苦心／艰苦心 (Hokkien)
* 蒼涼／苍凉 (cāngliáng)
* 酸心 (suānxīn)
* 難受／难受 (nánshòu)
* 難過／难过 (nánguò)
* 青凊 (Hokkien)
* 黯然 (ànrán)
* (bleak):
* 不景 (bùjǐng) (Hong Kong)
* 不景氣／不景气 (bùjǐngqì)
* 低迷 (dīmí)
* 冷淡 (lěngdàn)
* 清淡 (qīngdàn)
* 蕭條／萧条 (xiāotiáo)
* (painstaking):
* 不苟 (bùgǒu) (formal)
* 仔細／仔细 (zǐxì)
* 嚴／严 (yán)
* 嚴肅／严肃 (yánsù)
* 嚴謹／严谨 (yánjǐn)
* 墘角 (gièng-gáe̤k) (Eastern Min)
* 密切 (mìqiè)
* 審慎／审慎 (shěnshèn) (formal)
* 小心 (xiǎoxīn)
* 慎密 (shènmì)
* 慎重 (shènzhòng)
* 板正 (bǎnzhèng)
* 正經／正经
* 當心／当心 (dāngxīn)
* 精心 (jīngxīn)
* 精細／精细 (jīngxì)
* 細心／细心 (xìxīn)
* 細膩／细腻 (xìnì) (Min)
* 認真／认真 (rènzhēn)
* 謹嚴／谨严 (jǐnyán)
* 謹慎／谨慎 (jǐnshèn)
* 較真／较真 (jiàozhēn) (colloquial)
* 過細／过细 (guòxì)
* 鞠躬 (jūgōng) (literary)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “bleak”):
* 全盛 (quánshèng)
* 卬卬 (áng'áng) (literary)
* 富強／富强 (fùqiáng)
* 富昌 (fùchāng) (literary)
* 富盛 (fùshèng) (literary)
* 強盛／强盛 (qiángshèng)
* 昌 (literary, or in compounds)
* 昌明 (chāngmíng) (literary, of a government, culture, etc.)
* 昌盛 (chāngshèng)
* 旺盛 (wàngshèng)
* 昌隆 (chānglóng)
* 景氣／景气 (jǐngqì)
* 暢旺／畅旺 (chàngwàng)
* 條暢／条畅 (tiáochàng) (literary)
* 火爆 (huǒbào)
* 紅火／红火 (hónghuo) (mainland China)
* 繁榮／繁荣 (fánróng)
* 繁盛 (fánshèng)
* 繁華／繁华 (fánhuá)
* 繽紛／缤纷 (bīnfēn) (literary)
* 興旺／兴旺 (xīngwàng)
* 興盛／兴盛 (xīngshèng)
* 興隆／兴隆 (xīnglóng)
* 茂盛 (màoshèng)
* 蓬勃 (péngbó)
* 蕃昌 (fánchāng) (literary)
* 軫軫／轸轸 (zhěnzhěn) (literary)
* 隆昌 (lóngchāng) (literary)
* 隆盛 (lóngshèng)
* 鼎盛 (dǐngshèng)

#### Related terms

* 盡心竭力／尽心竭力 (jìnxīnjiélì)