# 祆

| 祆 | U+7946, &#31046; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7946 |
| ← 祅 [U+7945] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 祇 → [U+7947] |

## Translingual
### Han character

祆 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈火一大 (IFMK), four-corner 3223$_4$, composition ⿰礻天)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 840, character 7
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24638
* Dae Jaweon: page 1258, character 9
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2388, character 10
* Unihan data for U+7946

#### Further reading

* “Zoroastrianism between Iranic and Sinitic” by Victor Mair (2022-11-18), published by Language Log

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 添 | *tʰiːm |
| 忝 | *l̥ʰiːmʔ, *l̥ʰiːms |
| 悿 | *tʰiːmʔ |
| 舔 | *l̥ʰiːmʔ |
| 菾 | *diːm |
| 天 | *qʰl'iːn |
| 吞 | *qʰl'iːn, *qʰl'ɯːn |
| 祆 | *qʰliːn |
| 蚕 | *zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʰliːn) : semantic 礻 + phonetic 天 (OC *qʰl'iːn, “heaven”).

### Etymology

Cognate with 天 (OC *qʰl'iːn).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiān (xian$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hin$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hian
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiān
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sian
*** Wade–Giles: hsien$^1$
*** Yale: syān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shian
*** Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hin$^1$
*** Yale: hīn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hin$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hin$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hiːn⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hian
*** Tâi-lô: hian
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hiefn
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hiɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɛn³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /hiɛn⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛn⁴⁴/
* Middle Chinese: xen
Rime :
| Character | 祆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | IV |
| Fanqie | 呼煙切 |
| Baxter | xen |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hen/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hen/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xɛn/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hɛn/ |
| Li Rong | /xen/ |
| Wang Li | /xien/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /xien/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiān |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hin$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰliːn/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 祆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12389 |
| Phonetic component | 天 |
| Rime group | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 祆 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰliːn/ |

### Definitions

祆
* Ahura Mazda, god of the Zoroastrians
    From: Shuowen Jiezi, circa 2nd century CE
    Xiān: húshén yě. [Pinyin]
    Xian is the god of the foreigners.

### Compounds

* 火燒祆廟／火烧祆庙
* 祆廟／祆庙
* 祆教 (Xiānjiào)
* 祆神
* 祆道

### References

* “祆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): けん (ken)、てん (ten)

## Korean
### Hanja

祆 (eum 천 (cheon))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.