# pentimento
## English
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Italian pentimento (“repentance, penance, penitence; remorse; change of opinion; correction; traces of a previous image or work in an artwork”), from pentìrsi (“to repent; to regret”) + -mento (suffix forming nouns representing the actions of verbs to which it is attached). Pentìrsi is derived from Latin paenitēre, the present active infinitive of paeniteō (“to cause to repent; to repent; to be sorry, regret”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate; to hurt”).
The plural form is also borrowed from Italian pentimenti.

### Pronunciation

* Singular:
** (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌpɛntɪˈmɛntəʊ/
** Audio (Southern England):(file)
** (General American) IPA: /ˌpɛntəˈmɛntoʊ/, [-ɾə-], [-ɾoʊ]
** Rhymes: -ɛntəʊ
** Hyphenation: pen‧ti‧men‧to
* Plural:
** (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˌpɛntɪˈmɛnti/
** (General American) IPA: /ˌpɛntəˈmɛnti/, [-ɾə-], [-ɾi]
** Hyphenation: pen‧ti‧men‧ti

### Noun

pentimento (plural pentimenti)
* (art, literature) The presence of traces of a previous work in an artistic or literary work; especially (painting) an image which has been painted over but is still detectable.
    Synonym: pentiment
** 2012, Lorraine T. Gilman, chapter 20, in Princeton Pentimento, Bloomington, Ind.: WestBow Press, Thomas Nelson, →ISBN, page 205:She thought of the painting in the shop, the pentimento. Her life, the one she had so carefully planned for herself had crumbled like the paint on the surface.
** 2019, Timothy J. Benoy, William A. Edwards, Howell G. M. Edwards, “Evidence of Pentimenti for the Authentication of Paintings: A Challenge for Analytical Science at the Interface with Art History”, in Peter Vandenabeele, Howell Edwards, editors, Raman Spectroscopy in Archaeology and Art History, volume 2, London: Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 33:[T]he presence of a pentimento is an extremely valuable entity which supports the conclusion that a painting is an original composition – so, by inference, therefore, refuting any later suggestion that the painting could be the work of a copyist, who would have been engaged upon copying an existing painting as seen! The identification of a pentimento in an artwork can occur in one of two ways: by analytical interrogation of the subsurface using penetrative radiation such as IRR or XRD, or by direct visual observation, where the overlaying paint has worn away […]

#### Derived terms

* pentimentoed

#### See also

* palimpsest

### References

* ↑ “pentimento, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, March 2022; “pentimento, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

### Further reading

* pentimento on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

## Italian
### Etymology

From pentirsi (“to repent, regret”) +‎ -mento.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pen.tiˈmen.to/
* Rhymes: -ento
* Hyphenation: pen‧ti‧mén‧to

### Noun

pentimento m (plural pentimenti)
* penitence, penance, repentance
* remorse
    Synonyms: rammarico, rimpianto, rincrescimento
* (art, literature) a change between the old sketch/stub of a work from its final form
    Synonyms: cambiamento, rifacimento
    un'opera eseguita senza pentimenti ― a work executed without changes (from the sketch/stub)

#### Descendants

* → English: pentimento (learned)

### Further reading

* pentimento in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana