# 嘔吐
## Chinese

* 嘔吐 (Written Standard Chinese)
* 嘔吐 (Cantonese)
* 呕吐 (Wu)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ǒutù
    (Zhuyin): ㄡˇ ㄊㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): au$^2$ tou$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ó͘-thò͘ / ió-thò͘ / áu-thò͘
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ǒutù
*** Zhuyin: ㄡˇ ㄊㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ǒutù
*** Wade–Giles: ou$^3$-tʻu$^4$
*** Yale: ǒu-tù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ooutuh
*** Palladius: оуту (outu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: au$^2$ tou$^3$
*** Yale: áu tou
*** Cantonese Pinyin: au$^2$ tou$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: eo$^2$ tou$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɐu̯³⁵ tʰou̯³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ó͘-thò͘
*** Tâi-lô: óo-thòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oftox
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ²¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ió-thò͘
*** Tâi-lô: ió-thòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ioy'tox
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /io⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰɔ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: áu-thò͘
*** Tâi-lô: áu-thòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: aw'tox
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /au⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /au⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /au⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔ¹¹/

### Verb

嘔吐
* (medicine) to vomit

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 嘔吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 吐, 噦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 吐, 噦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 吐, 噦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 吐, 噦 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 吐, 噦 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 吐 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 吐, 噦, 嘔 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 嘔 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 嘔 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 吐, 嘔 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 嘔 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 嘔 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 噁 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 吐 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 吐 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 吐 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 吐 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 吐, 噦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 吐, 發吐, 嘔吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 吐, 嘔吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 噦, 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吐, 嘔, 哇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 嘔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 吐, 噦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 嘔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 嘔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 吐, 噦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 吐, 噁 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 吐, 噁 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 吐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 噦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 嘔 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 吐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 吐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 噁 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 吐, 噦 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 發嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 嘔 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 嘔 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 吐 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 嘔, 吐 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 嘔, 翻 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 翻, 噁 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 發嘔 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 嘔, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 嘔, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 嘔, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 噁, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 嘔, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 吐, 貶腹 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 吐 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 嘔 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吐 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 吐 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 吐 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 吐 |
| Jin | Datong | 吐 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 吐 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 吐 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 吐 |
| Jin | Linhe | 吐 |
| Jin | Jining | 吐 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 吐 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 吐 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 噦 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 吐 |
| Jin | Handan | 吐 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 嘔吐 |
| Jin | Suide | 吐 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 吐, 哊 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 吐, 嘔, 哊, 嘔吐 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 吐, 噁 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 吐, 噁 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 吐, 噁 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 吐, 掠兔仔, 出酒 due to drunkenness |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 發吐 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 嘔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 吐, 嘔, 嘔噦 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 吐, 嘔 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 吐 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 噦, 嘔 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 吐 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 嘔 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 嘔 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 嘔 |
| Wu | Danyang | 吐 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 冒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 冒 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 吐 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 吐 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 嘔 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 嘔 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 嘔 |

#### Derived terms

* 嘔吐物／呕吐物 (ǒutùwù)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 嘔 | 吐 |
| おう Hyōgai | と Grade: S |
| kan'on | on'yomi |
* Alternative spellings
* おう吐 呕吐 (shinjitai)

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) おーと [óꜜòtò] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [o̞ːto̞]

#### Noun

嘔(おう)吐(と) • (ōto)
* (formal) vomiting

#### Verb

嘔(おう)吐(と)する • (ōto suru) transitive suru (stem 嘔(おう)吐(と)し (ōto shi), past 嘔(おう)吐(と)した (ōto shita))
* (formal) to vomit
    Synonym: 吐く (haku)
    少(すこ)し飲(の)んだ水(みず)を嘔(おう)吐(と)する
       sukoshi nonda mizu o ōto suru
       vomit the small amount of water that she drank

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 嘔吐し | おうとし | ōto shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 嘔吐し | おうとし | ōto shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 嘔吐する | おうとする | ōto suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 嘔吐する | おうとする | ōto suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 嘔吐すれ | おうとすれ | ōto sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 嘔吐せよ¹ 嘔吐しろ² | おうとせよ¹ おうとしろ² | ōto seyo¹ ōto shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 嘔吐される | おうとされる | ōto sareru |
| Causative | 嘔吐させる 嘔吐さす | おうとさせる おうとさす | ōto saseru ōto sasu |
| Potential | 嘔吐できる | おうとできる | ōto dekiru |
| Volitional | 嘔吐しよう | おうとしよう | ōto shiyō |
| Negative | 嘔吐しない | おうとしない | ōto shinai |
| Negative continuative | 嘔吐せず | おうとせず | ōto sezu |
| Formal | 嘔吐します | おうとします | ōto shimasu |
| Perfective | 嘔吐した | おうとした | ōto shita |
| Conjunctive | 嘔吐して | おうとして | ōto shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 嘔吐すれば | おうとすれば | ōto sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 嘔 | 吐 |
| へど ||
| Hyōgai | Grade: S |
| jukujikun ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 嘔吐 – see the following entry. :
| 【へど】 | [noun] vomiting; vomit Alternative spelling 反吐 |
(This term, 嘔吐, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* ↑ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 嘔 | 吐 |

### Noun

嘔吐 • (guto) (hangeul 구토)
* hanja form of 구토 (“vomiting”)