# 批判
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pīpàn
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧ ㄆㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): pai$^1$ pun$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phî-phan
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phoe-phòaⁿ / phe-phòaⁿ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pīpàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄧ ㄆㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pipàn
*** Wade–Giles: pʻi$^1$-pʻan$^4$
*** Yale: pī-pàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pipann
*** Palladius: пипань (pipanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰi⁵⁵ pʰän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: pai$^1$ pun$^3$
*** Yale: pāi pun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: pai$^1$ pun$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: pei$^1$ pun$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɐi̯⁵⁵ pʰuːn³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phî-phan
*** Hakka Romanization System: pi$^ˊ$ pan
*** Hagfa Pinyim: pi$^1$ pan$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰan⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoe-phòaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: phue-phuànn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoephvoax
*** IPA (Taipei): /pʰue⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰuã¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pʰue⁴⁴⁻²² pʰuã²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰue³³ pʰuã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰue⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰuã²¹/
** (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phe-phòaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: phe-phuànn
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phephvoax
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰe⁴⁴⁻²² pʰuã²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰe⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰuã²¹/

### Verb

批判
* to critique; to comment; to criticise
    批判精神 ― pīpàn jīngshén ― critical spirit

#### Synonyms

* 批評／批评 (pīpíng)
* (literary, or in compounds) 議／议 (yì)
* (Hokkien, Teochew) 敲嘓／敲啯

### Noun

批判
* critique; comment; criticism
* (philosophy) methodical practice of doubt
* (philosophy) reflective examination of the validity and limits of a human capacity or of a set of philosophical claims

### Derived terms

* 批判哲學／批判哲学
* 批判性 (pīpànxìng)
* 批判意識／批判意识
* 批判現實主義／批判现实主义
* 批判理論／批判理论 (pīpàn lǐlùn)
* 文學批評／文学批评 (wénxué pīpíng)

### See also

* 評論／评论 (pínglùn)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 批 | 判 |
| ひ Grade: 6 | はん Grade: 5 |
| kan'yōon | on'yomi |

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ひはん [hìháń] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [çi̥hã̠ɴ]

### Noun

批(ひ)判(はん) • (hihan)
* a criticism; a comment
    その記事(きじ)は多(おお)くの批判(ひはん)を受(う)けた。
       Sono kiji wa ōku no hihan o uketa.
       The article faced a lot of criticism.
    判(はん)断(だん)力(りょく)批(ひ)判(はん)
       Handanryoku Hihan
       the Critique of the Power/Faculty of Judgment

#### Synonyms

* 批評(ひひょう) (hihyō)

### Verb

批(ひ)判(はん)する • (hihan suru) suru (stem 批(ひ)判(はん)し (hihan shi), past 批(ひ)判(はん)した (hihan shita))
* criticize
    花子(はなこ)が太郎(たろう)を批判(ひはん)した。
       Hanako ga Tarō o hihan shita.
       Hanako criticized Taro.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 批判し | ひはんし | hihan shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 批判し | ひはんし | hihan shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 批判する | ひはんする | hihan suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 批判する | ひはんする | hihan suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 批判すれ | ひはんすれ | hihan sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 批判せよ¹ 批判しろ² | ひはんせよ¹ ひはんしろ² | hihan seyo¹ hihan shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 批判される | ひはんされる | hihan sareru |
| Causative | 批判させる 批判さす | ひはんさせる ひはんさす | hihan saseru hihan sasu |
| Potential | 批判できる | ひはんできる | hihan dekiru |
| Volitional | 批判しよう | ひはんしよう | hihan shiyō |
| Negative | 批判しない | ひはんしない | hihan shinai |
| Negative continuative | 批判せず | ひはんせず | hihan sezu |
| Formal | 批判します | ひはんします | hihan shimasu |
| Perfective | 批判した | ひはんした | hihan shita |
| Conjunctive | 批判して | ひはんして | hihan shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 批判すれば | ひはんすれば | hihan sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||