# 金玉
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jīnyù
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣ ㄩˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gam$^1$ juk$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîm-ngiu̍k
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): kim-ge̍k / kim-gia̍k
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gim$^1$ ghêg$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$cin-gnioq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jīnyù
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ ㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jinyù
*** Wade–Giles: chin$^1$-yü$^4$
*** Yale: jīn-yù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinyuh
*** Palladius: цзиньюй (czinʹjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ y⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gam$^1$ juk$^6$
*** Yale: gām yuhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gam$^1$ juk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gem$^1$ yug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kɐm⁵⁵ jʊk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-ngiu̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: gim$^ˊ$ ngiug
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gim$^1$ ngiug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /kim²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯uk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-ge̍k
*** Tâi-lô: kim-gi̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kimgek
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiɪk̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiɪk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡiɪk̚⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-gia̍k
*** Tâi-lô: kim-gia̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kimgiak
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kim³³ ɡiak̚²⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: gim$^1$ ghêg$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kim ge̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /kim³³⁻²³ ɡek̚⁴/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$cin-gnioq
*** MiniDict: cin$^平$ nyoh
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$jin-nyioq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ n̠ʲioʔ²¹/

### Noun

金玉
* (literally) gold and jade
* (figuratively) treasured thing; ornate object

#### Derived terms

* 不吝金玉
* 金玉之言
* 金玉之論／金玉之论
* 金玉其外，敗絮其中／金玉其外，败絮其中 (jīnyù qíwài, bàixù qízhōng)
* 金玉君子
* 金玉滿堂／金玉满堂 (jīnyùmǎntáng)
* 金玉良言 (jīnyùliángyán)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 金 | 玉 |
| きん Grade: 1 | ぎょく Grade: 1 |
| kan'on ||
From Middle Chinese 金玉 (MC kim ngjowk, literally “gold + jewel”). First cited in Japanese in a text from the early 800s.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きんぎょく [kíꜜǹgyòkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
* (Tokyo) きんぎょく [kìńgyókú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲĩŋʲɡʲo̞kɯ̟]

#### Noun

金(きん)玉(ぎょく) • (kingyoku)
* [from early 800s] gold and jade
* [from 835] something valuable and expensive

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 金 | 玉 |
| きん Grade: 1 | たま Grade: 1 |
| kan'on | kun'yomi |
* Alternative spelling
* 睾丸 (uncommon)
Compound of 金 (kin, “gold”) +‎ 玉 (tama, “ball”).
Attested since at least 1590.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きんたま [kìńtáꜜmà] (Nakadaka – [3])
* (Tokyo) きんたま [kìńtámá] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) きんたま [kìńtámáꜜ] (Odaka –)
* IPA: [kʲĩnta̠ma̠]

#### Noun

金(きん)玉(たま) or 金玉(キンタマ) • (kintama)
* 金玉: [date unknown] (uncommon) a golden ball
* 金玉, 睾丸: [from 1590] (slang, mildly vulgar) balls, testicles, bollocks, nuts
    Synonyms: (more formal term) 睾丸 (kōgan, “testicles”), (informal term) 陰核 (henoko)
* 金玉: [date unknown] (slang, mildly vulgar) a boy
* 金玉: [from 1891] (uncommon) alternative name for 金柑 (kinkan, “kumquat”)

##### Derived terms

* (slang) たまきん (tamakin, “balls, bollocks, testicles”)

### References

* ↑ “金玉”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* 1 2 3 4 5 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 “金玉・睾丸”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* 1 2 3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN