# 糝

| 糝 | U+7CDD, &#31965; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CDD |
| ← 糜 [U+7CDC] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 糞 → [U+7CDE] |

## Translingual
### Han character

糝 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 火木戈戈竹 (FDIIH), four-corner 9392$_2$, composition ⿰米參)
* rice grain
* grain
* to cook soup with rice
* disperse
* to paint

#### Derived characters

* 𢹪

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 912, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27101
* Dae Jaweon: page 1339, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3159, character 12
* Unihan data for U+7CDD

## Chinese

* Historical forms of the character 糝
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 篸 | *ʔsluːm, *ʔsluːms |
| 參 | *sʰluːm, *sʰluːms, *sloːm, *sʰrum, *srum |
| 驂 | *sʰluːm |
| 傪 | *sʰluːm, *sʰluːmʔ |
| 慘 | *sʰluːmʔ |
| 黲 | *sʰluːmʔ, *sʰloːmʔ |
| 謲 | *sʰluːms |
| 毿 | *sluːm |
| 蔘 | *sluːm, *srum |
| 犙 | *sluːm, *sru, *srɯu |
| 糝 | *sluːmʔ |
| 槮 | *sluːmʔ, *sʰrum, *srum, *srumʔ |
| 鬖 | *sloːm |
| 摻 | *sruːm, *sruːmʔ |
| 醦 | *sruːmʔ, *sʰrumʔ |
| 縿 | *sroːm |
| 穇 | *sroːm |
| 嵾 | *sʰrum |
| 磣 | *sʰrumʔ |
| 墋 | *sʰrumʔ |
| 曑 | *srum |
| 瘮 | *srumʔ |
| 滲 | *srums |

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sǎn (san$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): saam$^2$ / sam$^2$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^5$soe
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sǎn
*** Wade–Giles: san$^3$
*** Yale: sǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: saan
*** Palladius: сань (sanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /sän²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: saam$^2$ / sam$^2$
*** Yale: sáam / sám
*** Cantonese Pinyin: saam$^2$ / sam$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sam$^2$ / sem$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /saːm³⁵/, /sɐm³⁵/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^5$soe
*** MiniDict: soe$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^2$soe
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sø³⁴/
* Middle Chinese: somX
Rime :
| Character | 糝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 桑感切 |
| Baxter | somX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sʌm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /səm$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sɒm$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /səm$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /sᴀm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /sɒm$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /săm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saam$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sluːmʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 糝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1092 |
| Phonetic component | 參 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 糂 |
| Old Chinese | /*sluːmʔ/ |
| Notes | 同糂 |

#### Definitions

糝
* grain of cooked rice
* (literary) to mix rice with soup
    From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
    Kǒngzǐ qióng yú Chén, Cài zhījiān, qī rì bù huǒshí, lígēng bù sǎn, yánsè shèn bèi, ér xiángē yú shì. [Pinyin]
    When Confucius was reduced to extreme distress between Zhan and Cai, for seven days he had no cooked meat to eat, but only some soup of coarse vegetables without any rice in it. His countenance wore the appearance of great exhaustion, and yet he kept playing on his lute and singing inside the house.
* (literary) to scatter

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shēn (shen$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣ
* Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): siam$^1$ / siang$^1$ / sam$^1$ / sim$^1$ / som$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shēn
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shen
*** Wade–Giles: shên$^1$
*** Yale: shēn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shen
*** Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂən⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shēnr
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄣㄦ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shenr
*** Wade–Giles: shên$^1$-ʼrh
*** Yale: shēnr
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shel
*** Palladius: шэньр (šɛnʹr)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂəɻ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siam$^1$ / siang$^1$ / sam$^1$ / sim$^1$ / som$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siam / siang / sam / sim / som
*** Sinological IPA : /siam³³/, /siaŋ³³/, /sam³³/, /sim³³/, /som³³/
* siam1 - Chaozhou;
* siang1 - Chenghai;
* sam1 - Jieyang;
* sim1 - Jieyang, Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai;
* som1 - Raoping.
* Middle Chinese: somX
Rime :
| Character | 糝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 桑感切 |
| Baxter | somX |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sʌm$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /səm$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sɒm$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /səm$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /sᴀm$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /sɒm$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /săm$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sǎn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | saam$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*sluːmʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 糝 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1092 |
| Phonetic component | 參 |
| Rime group | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 糂 |
| Old Chinese | /*sluːmʔ/ |
| Notes | 同糂 |

#### Definitions

糝
* crushed grain

### Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from etymology 1 "to scatter"?”)

#### Pronunciation

* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sam$^2$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhem$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sám
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sam$^2$
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sam$^2$
*** Yale: sám
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sam$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sem$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐm³⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: lhem$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɬem⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sám
*** Tâi-lô: sám
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sarm
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /sam⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sam⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sam⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sam$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sám
*** Sinological IPA : /sam⁵²/

#### Definitions

糝
* (Cantonese, Southern Min) to sprinkle (powder)
    糝啲胡椒粉／糁啲胡椒粉 [Cantonese] ― sam$^2$ di$^1$ wu$^4$ ziu$^1$ fan$^2$ [Jyutping] ― to sprinkle some pepper

### Etymology 4
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sám
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sám
*** Tâi-lô: sám
*** Phofsit Daibuun: sarm
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /sam⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /sam⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /sam⁴¹/

#### Definitions

糝
* (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to gobble; to devour; to gorge
* (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) casually; at random; carelessly; haphazardly; randomly; as one pleases; without restraint or goal

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* scattered (grains of rice)
* mixed

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): さん (san)、しん (shin)
* Kun: こながき (konagaki)

## Korean
### Hanja

糝 • (sam) (hangeul 삼, revised sam, McCune–Reischauer sam, Yale sam)
* scattered (grains of rice)
* mixed