# 復生
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): fùshēng
    (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄕㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk$^6$ sang$^1$ / fau$^6$ sang$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: fùshēng
*** Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄕㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: fùsheng
*** Wade–Giles: fu$^4$-shêng$^1$
*** Yale: fù-shēng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhsheng
*** Palladius: фушэн (fušɛn)
*** Sinological IPA : /fu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: fuk$^6$ sang$^1$ / fau$^6$ sang$^1$
*** Yale: fuhk sāng / fauh sāng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: fuk$^9$ sang$^1$ / fau$^6$ sang$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: fug$^6$ seng$^1$ / feo$^6$ seng$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /fʊk̚² sɐŋ⁵⁵/, /fɐu̯²² sɐŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: bjuwk sraeng|sraengH
Rime :
| Character | 復 | 生 | 生 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 生 (21) | 生 (21) |
| Final (韻) | 屋 (4) | 庚 (109) | 庚 (109) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | II | II |
| Fanqie | 房六切 | 所庚切 | 所敬切 |
| Baxter | bjuwk | sraeng | sraengH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /bɨuk̚/ | /ʃˠæŋ/ | /ʃˠæŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /biuk̚/ | /ʃᵚaŋ/ | /ʃᵚaŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /biuk̚/ | /ʃaŋ/ | /ʃaŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /buwk̚/ | /ʂaɨjŋ/ | /ʂaɨjŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /biuk̚/ | /ʃɐŋ/ | /ʃɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /bĭuk̚/ | /ʃɐŋ/ | /ʃɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /bʱi̯uk̚/ | /ʂɐŋ/ | /ʂɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | fú | shēng | shèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | fuk$^6$ | sang$^1$ | sang$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-p(r)uk sreŋ|sreŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*buɡ sʰleːŋ|sreŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 復 | 生 | 生 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | fù | shēng | shēng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ bjuwk › | ‹ sræng › | ‹ srjæng › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-p(r)uk/ | /*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?) | /*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?) |
| English | return | bear, be born; live | bear, be born; live |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 復 | 生 | 生 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 3550 | 11312 | 11322 |
| Phonetic component | 复 | 生 | 生 |
| Rime group | 覺 | 耕 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 伏 | 生 | 生 |
| Old Chinese | /*buɡ/ | /*sʰleːŋ/ | /*sreŋs/ |

### Verb

復生
* (intransitive) to come back to life
    From: The Art of War, circa 5th century BCE
    Wángguó bù kěyǐ fù cún, sǐzhě bù kěyǐ fùshēng. [Pinyin]
    The perished states cannot be refounded, and the dead cannot come back to life.
    From: 使徒信經 (Apostles' Creed), in 禮賢會規定禮文
    jau$^6$ seon$^3$ sing$^3$ san$^4$; daai$^6$ gung$^1$ sing$^3$ wui$^6$, sing$^3$ tou$^4$ soeng$^1$ tung$^1$; zeoi$^6$ dak$^1$ se$^3$ jau$^6$; san$^1$ tai$^2$ fau$^6$ sang$^1$; hau$^6$ hoeng$^2$ wing$^5$ sang$^1$, sing$^4$ sam$^1$ so$^2$ jyun$^6$. [Jyutping]
    I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy catholic church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting. Amen.

#### Synonyms

* 回生 (huíshēng)
* 復活／复活 (fùhuó)
* 殅 (shēng) (literary)
* 甦／苏 (sū) (literary)
* 翻生 (faan$^1$ saang$^1$) (Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Teochew)
* 閣活／阁活 (Hokkien)