# 欣喜
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xīnxǐ
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣ ㄒㄧˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jan$^1$ hei$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): herm-hí / him-hí
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hng$^1$ hi$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xīnxǐ
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ ㄒㄧˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sinsǐ
*** Wade–Giles: hsin$^1$-hsi$^3$
*** Yale: syīn-syǐ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinshii
*** Palladius: синьси (sinʹsi)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$忻喜 新禧 欣喜
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jan$^1$ hei$^2$
*** Yale: yān héi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jan$^1$ hei$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yen$^1$ héi$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɐn⁵⁵ hei̯³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: herm-hí
*** Tâi-lô: herm-hí
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /həm³³ hi⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: him-hí
*** Tâi-lô: him-hí
*** Phofsit Daibuun: himhie
*** IPA (Taipei): /him⁴⁴⁻³³ hi⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /him⁴⁴⁻³³ hi⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /him⁴⁴⁻²² hi⁵³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hng$^1$ hi$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hng hí
*** Sinological IPA : /hŋ³³⁻²³ hi⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: xj+n xiX
Rime :
| Character | 欣 | 喜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 欣 (57) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 許斤切 | 虚里切 |
| Baxter | xj+n | xiX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /hɨn/ | /hɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /hɨn/ | /hɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /xiən/ | /xie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /hɨn/ | /hɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /xiən/ | /xiə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /xĭən/ | /xĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /xi̯ən/ | /xi$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xīn | xǐ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jan$^1$ | hei$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰər qʰ(r)əʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*qʰɯn qʰlɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 欣 | 喜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xīn | xǐ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ xjɨn › | ‹ xi$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰər/ | /*qʰ(r)əʔ/ |
| English | rejoice | joy; rejoice |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 欣 | 喜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 6665 | 13416 |
| Phonetic component | 斤 | 喜 |
| Rime group | 文 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 欣 | 喜 |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰɯn/ | /*qʰlɯʔ/ |

### Adjective

欣喜
* glad; joyful; happy
    From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE
    Zhūxià zhī rén, mò bù xīnxǐ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: 楊朔 (Yang Shuo), 泰山极顶 (The Peak of Mount Tai)
    Tóngbànmen dōu xīnxǐ de shuō: “Míngtiān zǎochen zhǔn kěyǐ kànjiàn rìchū le.” [Pinyin]
    [My] companions joyfully said, "Tomorrow morning [the mist will lift and] we will be able to see the sunrise!"

#### Synonyms

* 和樂／和乐 (hélè) (happy and harmonious)
* 喜悅／喜悦 (xǐyuè) (formal)
* 喜樂／喜乐 (xǐlè)
* 喜歡／喜欢
* 喜滋滋 (xǐzīzī)
* 喜躍／喜跃 (xǐyuè) (formal)
* 夷悅／夷悦 (yíyuè) (literary)
* 夷愉 (yíyú) (literary, happy and harmonious)
* 安樂／安乐 (ānlè) (peaceful and happy)
* 康樂／康乐 (kānglè) (literary, peaceful and happy)
* 忻悅／忻悦 (xīnyuè) (literary)
* 快意 (kuàiyì)
* 快樂／快乐 (kuàilè)
* 快活 (kuàihuo)
* 怡悅／怡悦 (yíyuè) (literary)
* 悅意／悦意 (yuèyì)
* 悅懌／悦怿 (yuèyì) (literary)
* 愉快
* 愉悅／愉悦 (yúyuè)
* 暢快／畅快 (chàngkuài)
* 樂滋滋／乐滋滋 (lèzīzī)
* 欣忭 (xīnbiàn) (literary)
* 欣悅／欣悦 (xīnyuè)
* 歡喜／欢喜 (huānxǐ)
* 歡娛／欢娱 (huānyú) (literary)
* 歡快／欢快 (huānkuài)
* 歡悅／欢悦 (huānyuè) (literary)
* 歡愉／欢愉 (huānyú) (literary)
* 歡暢／欢畅 (huānchàng)
* 歡樂／欢乐 (huānlè)
* 歡躍／欢跃 (huānyuè) (formal)
* 爽 (shuǎng)
* 爽神 (shuǎngshén) (literary or Southern Min)
* 痛快 (tòngkuài)
* 舒暢／舒畅 (shūchàng)
* 開心／开心 (kāixīn)
* 高興／高兴 (gāoxìng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 欣 | 喜 |
| きん Jinmeiyō | き Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

### Etymology

Middle Chinese 欣喜 (hɨn hɨ$^X$)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きんき [kíꜜǹkì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [kʲĩŋʲkʲi]

### Noun

欣(きん)喜(き) • (kinki)
* joy, delight

#### Derived terms

* 欣喜雀躍(きんきじゃくやく) (kinki jakuyaku, “jump for joy”)

### Verb

欣(きん)喜(き)する • (kinki suru) suru (stem 欣(きん)喜(き)し (kinki shi), past 欣(きん)喜(き)した (kinki shita))
* rejoice, delight

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 欣喜し | きんきし | kinki shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 欣喜し | きんきし | kinki shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 欣喜する | きんきする | kinki suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 欣喜する | きんきする | kinki suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 欣喜すれ | きんきすれ | kinki sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 欣喜せよ¹ 欣喜しろ² | きんきせよ¹ きんきしろ² | kinki seyo¹ kinki shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 欣喜される | きんきされる | kinki sareru |
| Causative | 欣喜させる 欣喜さす | きんきさせる きんきさす | kinki saseru kinki sasu |
| Potential | 欣喜できる | きんきできる | kinki dekiru |
| Volitional | 欣喜しよう | きんきしよう | kinki shiyō |
| Negative | 欣喜しない | きんきしない | kinki shinai |
| Negative continuative | 欣喜せず | きんきせず | kinki sezu |
| Formal | 欣喜します | きんきします | kinki shimasu |
| Perfective | 欣喜した | きんきした | kinki shita |
| Conjunctive | 欣喜して | きんきして | kinki shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 欣喜すれば | きんきすれば | kinki sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN