# 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧
## Ashokan Prakrit
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit जम्बुद्वीप (jambudvīpa). By surface analysis, *𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼 (*jaṃbu, “jambul”) +‎ *𑀤𑀻𑀧 (*dīpa, “island”). Cognate with Pali jambudīpa.

### Noun

𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) m
* India (a region of Asia)
** c. 258 BCE, Aśoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Sahasram:𑀏𑀢𑁂𑀦 𑀘 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮𑁂𑀦 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 𑁇 𑀅𑀁𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀁𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀸 𑁇 𑀲𑀁𑀢 𑁇 𑀫𑀼𑀦𑀺𑀲𑀸 𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀁𑀤𑁂𑀯 𑀓𑀝𑀸etena ca aṃtalena jaṃbudīpasi . aṃmisaṃdevā . saṃta . munisā misaṃdeva kaṭāAnd at this time in India, men unmingled with the gods have been made mingled with the gods.
** c. 258 BCE, Aśoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.3-4:𑀇𑀫𑀺𑀦𑀸 𑀘𑀼 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀦 𑀅𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦𑀸 𑀫𑀼𑀦𑀺𑀲𑀸 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 𑀫𑀺𑀲𑀸 𑀤𑁂𑀯𑁂𑀳𑀺iminā cu kālena amisā samānā munisā jaṃbudīpasi misā devehi1925 translation by Eugen HultzschBut men in Jambudvīpa, being during that time unmingled, (are now) mingled with the gods.

#### Alternative forms

Attested at Brahmagiri, Gavimath, Gujarra, Maski, Panguraria, Rupnath, Sahasram and Siddapura.
Dialectal forms of 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (“India”) :
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Rupnath | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) | $^?$𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudīpasi) |
| Central | Bairat | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀺𑀧 (jaṃbudipa) | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀺𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudipasi) |
| Central | Sahasram | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudīpasi) |
| Central | Gujarra | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudīpasi) |
| Central | Panguraria | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) | $^?$𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudīpasi) |
| Central | Bahapur | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀺𑀧 (jaṃbudipa) | $^?$𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀺𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudipasi) |
| South | Siddapura | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) | $^?$𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudīpasi) |
| South | Brahmagiri | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudīpasi) |
| South | Maski | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) | $^?$𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudīpasi) |
| South | Nittur | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀺𑀧 (jaṃbudipa) | $^?$𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀺𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudipasi) |
| South | Gavimath | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) | 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧𑀲𑀺 loc.sg (jaṃbudīpasi) |
Map of dialectal forms of 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (“India”) :
* 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) (8) 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀺𑀧 (jaṃbudipa) (3)

#### Descendants

* Gandhari: 𐨗𐨎𐨦𐨂𐨡𐨁𐨬 (jaṃbudiva)
** → Khotanese: jaṃbutīvä
** → Parthian: 𐫉𐫖𐫁𐫇𐫅𐫏𐫃 (zmbwdyg /⁠zambudīg⁠/)
* Prakrit: 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀯 (jaṃbudīva), 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa)
** Helu Prakrit:
*** Dhivehi: ދަނބިދޫ (daᵐbidū) (obsolete 𑤞𑤢𑤳𑤝𑤳𑤩𑤳 (dhabuduvu /⁠daᵐbuduvu⁠/))
**** → English: Dhanbidhoo, Dambidu
*** Sinhalese: දඹදිව (daᵐbadiwa)

### References

* ↑ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jambudvīpa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 283
* ↑ Harry Falk (2013) “Remarks on the Minor Rock Edict of Ashoka at Ratanpurwa”, in N. P. Joshi, Kamal Giri, editors, Jnana-Pravaha Research Journal, volume 16, Varanasi: Jnana-Pravaha Center for Cultural Studies and Research, page 40.
* ↑ Nicholas Sims-Williams (1983) “Indian elements in Parthian and Sogdian”, in K. Röhrborn, W. Veenker, editors, Sprachen des Buddhismus in Zentralasien (Veröffentlichungen der Societas Uralo-Altaica; 16), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, page 134.
* ↑ Sonja Fritz (2002) “Morphology”, in The Dhivehi language - a descriptive and historical grammar of Maldivian and its dialects (Beiträge zur Südasienforschung; 191), Würzburg: Ergon Verlag, page 60

## Prakrit
### Noun

𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa) m (Devanagari जंबुदीप)
* Alternative form of 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀯 (jaṃbudīva, “India”)