# Maritime Province
## English
### Etymology

Calque of Russian Примо́рский край (Primórskij kraj, literally “maritime region”).

### Noun

Maritime Province
* Synonym of Primorsky Krai
** 1912, Claudius Madrolle, “Manchuria”, in North-Eastern China: Manchuria, Mongolia, Vladivostock, Korea‎, Hachette & Company, →OCLC, page 42:1604 v., Vladivostock (Hai-shen-wei in Chinese) 8116 v., from Moscow. Buffet. The station is situated in the Western part of the Gold Horn (See MARITIME PROVINCE, R. 1).
** 1949, Patrick A. McCarran, “Russian Imperialism in China”, in Congressional Record‎, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page A2865, column 2:As soon as peace was restored in China, Ignatiev came to demand his reward. The treaty which he squeezed from the Emperor at Peking surrendered the jointly administered maritime province east of the Ussuri River to Russia. To assure proper tokens of gratitude from the Manchus, the Russians took the precaution of sending a naval squadron into Hai Shen Wei, 4 months before the treaty was signed in November 1860. This Chinese city was given the prophetic Russian name Vladivostok—Conqueror of the East.
** 1970, Arthur Huck, “Threats to China”, in The Security of China: Chinese Approaches to Problems of War and Strategy‎, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 40:In the era of Manchu decline, however, the Russians were able to obtain by 1860 vast stretches of territory north of the Amur River and, even more importantly, territory east of the Ussuri, which was to become known as the Maritime Province. Here at a fishing place known to the Chinese as Hai-shen-wei they established the port significantly named Vladivostok (‘Lord of the East’).
** 1992, Rafe de Crespigny, “Splinters of Empire”, in China This Century‎, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 23:By the Sino-Russian Treaty of Beijing, the Chinese ceded not only the territory north of the Amur but also the maritime province in the east, between the Ussuri River and the Sea of Japan. The Chinese town of Haishenwai, settled by Russian colonists, was renamed Vladivostok ‘Rule the East’, and was developed as a port for foreign trade and for use as a naval base.
** [2002 August 12 [2002 May], Sovetskaya Rossiya, “China's Encroachment Into Russia”, in Newsmax‎, archived from the original on 24 May 2023:By the way, on July 26, the Hong Kong media reported that during an international scientific conference in Hancanwei (the usual name of Vladivostok city in the media and on the maps of Greater China), Chinese and South Korean scientists proposed to change the name of the Sea of Japan to the "Eastern Sea." Probably, after Chinese control over the Maritime region was established, the capital would change its name from Vladivostok to Haicanwei (Bay of Sea Treasures, the name of the Chinese village located on the site before 1860).]
** 2006, Yamamuro Shin'ichi, “Appendix (2004) On the Historical Significance of Manchuria and Manzhouguo”, in Joshua A. Fogel, transl., Manchuria Under Japanese Dominion‎, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 249:Although the Qing court rejected and fought against this, in the Treaty of Beijing in 1860 these rights were reaffirmed and the eastern bank of the Ussuri River was ceded to Russia as well. One fishing village by the name of Haicanwei acquired the name Vladivostok, which had the meaning “mastery over the East.” The Maritime Province centered here was then developed as Russian terrain.
** 2015, Dominic Ziegler, “Albazino”, in Black Dragon River: A Journey Down the Amur River at the Borderlands of Empires‎, New York: Penguin Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 243:Later, treaties formalized Russia’s theft. The Treaty of Aigun in 1858 gave the Russians control of the Amur’s left bank, all 2,760 miles of it, and all the land north, what used to be called Outer Manchuria. Two years later, at the Peking Convention, the Chinese surrendered the Amur’s right bank, starting from where the Ussuri joins the main stream. That gave the Russians what evocatively used to be called “Eastern Tartary”: the whole of the wild, ginseng-bearing Sikhote-Alin range right down to the Sea of Japan. To this region, the Russians gave the name Primorye: “by the sea.” Today it is known as Primorsky Krai, Russia’s Maritime Province.
** For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Maritime Province.

#### See also

* Maritime provinces