OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# पकड़नेवाली
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pə.kəɽ.neː.ʋɑː.liː/, [pɐ.kɐɽ.neː.ʋäː.liː]

### Verb

पकड़नेवाली • (pakaṛnevālī)
* feminine singular prospective/agentive participle of पकड़ना (pakaṛnā)
# पोष्य
## Sanskrit
### Adjective

पोष्य • (poṣya)
* thriving, well fed.
* abundant, copious.
* causing wealth or prosperity.
* to be nourished or fed or brought up or taken care of.

#### Descendants

* Telugu: పోష్యము (pōṣyamu), పోష్యుడు (pōṣyuḍu)
# दुलही
## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̪ulʌi̯]
* Phonetic Devanagari: दुलइ

### Noun

दुलही • (dulahī) f (masculine दुलहा)
* bride
    Synonyms: बधू (badhū), बेहुली (behulī), कन्या (kanyā)
* wife
    Synonyms: श्रीमती (śrīmatī), बुढी (buḍhī), आइमाई (āimāī), स्वास्नी (svāsnī)
* son's wife; daughter-in-law
    Synonym: बुहारी (buhārī)
* younger brother's wife; sister-in-law
    Synonym: बुहारी (buhārī)
* grandson's wife; granddaughter-in-law

### References

* “दुलही”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎, Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
* Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “दुलही”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar
# बंगलों
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /bəŋ.ɡlõː/, [bɐ̃ŋ.ɡlõː]

### Noun

बंगलों • (baṅglõ)
* oblique plural of बंगला (baṅglā)
# बंगाल की खाड़ी
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /bəŋ.ɡɑːl kiː kʰɑː.ɽiː/, [bɐ̃ŋ.ɡäːl‿kiː‿kʰäː.ɽiː]

### Proper noun

बंगाल की खाड़ी • (baṅgāl kī khāṛī) f
* Bay of Bengal (large bay in the northeastern Indian Ocean)
# बंगालिन
## Hindi
### Etymology

बंगाल (baṅgāl) +‎ -इन (-in).

### Noun

बंगालिन • (baṅgālin) f
* a Bengali woman
# बेअदबी
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بی ادبی (bē-adabī). Equivalent to बे- (be-, “uncouth”) +‎ अदब (adab) +‎ -ई (-ī).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /beː.əd̪.biː/, [beː.ɐd̪.biː]

### Noun

बेअदबी • (beadbī) f (Urdu spelling بے ادبی)
* uncouthness, unmannerliness, insolence

#### Declension
### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “बे-”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
# बे-क़ुसूर
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* बेक़सूर (beqsūr)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بی‌قُصُور (bē-qusūr).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /beː.qʊ.suːɾ/, /beː.kʊ.suːɾ/

### Adjective

बे-क़ुसूर • (be-qusūr) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling بے قصور)
* blameless, innocent
    Antonym: दोषी (doṣī)
* faultless

#### Synonyms

* अनिन्द्य (anindya)
* निर्दोष (nirdoṣ)
# निशिगंध
## Marathi
### Etymology

Compound of निशि (niśi, “night”) +‎ गंध (gandha, “smell”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ni.ɕi.ɡən.d̪ʱə/

### Noun

निशिगंध • (niśigandha) m
* tuberose
# धुनु
## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [d̪ʱṳnu]
* Phonetic Devanagari: धुनु

### Verb

धुनु • (dhunu)
* to wash
* to clean (clothes)

#### Conjugation

Information :
| Primary stem | Primary stem | Primary stem | धु- [d̪ʱu-] | धु- [d̪ʱu-] |
| Secondary stem | Secondary stem | Secondary stem | धो- [d̪ʱo-] | धो- [d̪ʱo-] |
| Conjugation type | Conjugation type | Conjugation type | 3rd conjugation: vowel-ending stem, irregular. | 3rd conjugation: vowel-ending stem, irregular. |
| Derivatives |||||
| I-stem (Passive) | I-stem (Passive) | I-stem (Passive) | धोइनु [d̪ʱoinu] | धोइनु [d̪ʱoinu] |
| A-stem (Causative/Denominative) | A-stem (Causative/Denominative) | A-stem (Causative/Denominative) | धोआउनु [d̪ʱoäu̯nu] | धोआउनु [d̪ʱoäu̯nu] |
| Non-finite forms |||||
| Infinitives | Infinitives | Infinitives | धुनु [d̪ʱunu] धुन‍ [d̪ʱunʌ] | धुनु [d̪ʱunu] धुन‍ [d̪ʱunʌ] |
| Participles | | | Affirmative (+) | Negative (–) |
| Participles | Conjunctive | Conjunctive | धोएर [d̪ʱoeɾʌ] धोई [d̪ʱoi] धोईकन‍ [d̪ʱoikʌnʌ] | नधोएर‍ [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱoeɾʌ] नधोई [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱoi] नधोईकन‍ [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱoikʌnʌ] |
| Participles | 1st Perfect | m. sing. | धोएको [d̪ʱoeko] | नधोएको [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱoeko] |
| Participles | 1st Perfect | f. sing. | धोएकी [d̪ʱoeki] | नधोएकी [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱoeki] |
| Participles | 1st Perfect | pl. | धोएका [d̪ʱoekä] | नधोएका [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱoekä] |
| Participles | 1st Perfect | high-resp. | धुनुभएको [d̪ʱunu ͜ bʱʌeko] | नधुनुभएको [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱunu ͜ bʱʌeko] |
| Participles | 2nd Perfect | normal | धोए [d̪ʱoe] | नधोए [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱoe] |
| Participles | 2nd Perfect | high-resp. | धुनुभए [d̪ʱunu ͜ bʱʌe] | नधुनुभए [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱunu ͜ bʱʌe] |
| Participles | Imperfect | normal | धुदा [d̪ʱud̪ä] धुदै [d̪ʱud̪ʌi̯] धुदो [d̪ʱud̪o] | नधुदा [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱud̪ä] नधुदै [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱud̪ʌi̯] नधुदो [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱud̪o] |
| Participles | Imperfect | high-resp. | धुनुहुँदा [d̪ʱunuɦũd̪ä] धुनुहुँदै [d̪ʱunuɦũd̪ʌi̯] धुनुहुँदो [d̪ʱunuɦũd̪o] | नधुनुहुँदा [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱunuɦũd̪ä] नधुनुहुँदै [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱunuɦũd̪ʌi̯] नधुनुहुँदो [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱunuɦũd̪o] |
| Participles | Infinitival | normal | धुने [d̪ʱune] | नधुने [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱune] |
| Participles | Infinitival | high-resp. | धुनुहुने [d̪ʱunuɦune] | नधुनुहुने [nʌ ͜ d̪ʱunuɦune] |
| Participles | Absolutive | Absolutive | धोइ [d̪ʱoi] | धोइ [d̪ʱoi] |
# बेवकूफ़ो
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /beːʋ.quː.foː/, /beːʋ.kuː.pʰoː/

### Noun

बेवकूफ़ो • (bevqūfo)
* vocative plural of बेवकूफ़ (bevqūf)
# बेशक
## Hindi
### Etymology

बे- (be-) +‎ शक (śak). Compare Persian بلا شک (belâ šak, “undoubtedly”).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /beː.ʃək/, [beː.ʃɐk]

### Adjective

बेशक • (beśak) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling بیشک)
* undoubtedly, without a doubt, totally
    Synonym: निस्संदेह (nissandeh)
    यह बेशक मेरी क़मीज़ है। ― yah beśak merī qamīz hai. ― This is definitely my shirt.
# फ़रमाइश
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian فرمایش (farmāyiš).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /fəɾ.mɑː.ɪʃ/, [fɐɾ.mäː.ɪʃ], /pʰəɾ.mɑː.ɪʃ/, [pʰɐɾ.mäː.ɪʃ]

### Noun

फ़रमाइश • (farmāiś) f (Urdu spelling فرمائش)
* request
    Synonym: अनुरोध (anurodh)

#### Derived terms

* फ़रमाइशी (farmāiśī)
# फ़रमान
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian فرمان (farmān). Doublet of प्रमाण (pramāṇ). First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi فَرْمان (frman). Compare Punjabi ਫ਼ਰਮਾਨ (farmān) / فَرمان (farmān), Gujarati ફરમાન (pharmān), Bengali ফরমান (phoroman), Marathi फर्मान (pharmān), Kannada ಫರ್ಮಾನು (pharmānu).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /fəɾ.mɑːn/, [fɐɾ.mä̃ːn], /pʰəɾ.mɑːn/, [pʰɐɾ.mä̃ːn]

### Noun

फ़रमान • (farmān) m (Urdu spelling فرمان)
* royal decree, order
    Synonym: आदेश (ādeś)
* (historical) a firman; decree directly from the Mughal emperor

#### Related terms

* फ़रमाइश (farmāiś)
* फ़रमाना (farmānā)

### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “फ़रमान”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 677
* “फ़रमान”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
# फ़न्ने ख़ान
## Hindi
### Alternative forms

* फ़न्ने ख़ाँ (fanne xā̃)

### Etymology

Compare फ़न्नी (fannī, “cunning”).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /fən.neː xɑːn/, [fɐ̃n.neː‿xä̃ːn], /pʰən.neː kʰɑːn/, [pʰɐ̃n.neː‿kʰä̃ːn]

### Noun

फ़न्ने ख़ान • (fanne xān) m (Urdu spelling فنے خان)
* (idiomatic) one who outwardly appears brave but is actually a coward; a show-off, braggart
# बोको
## Nepali
### Pronunciation

* IPA: [boko]
* Phonetic Devanagari: बोको

### Noun

बोको • (boko) m
* A male goat
* An uncastrated buck
* (slang) pervert, perv
# बॊड
## Kashmiri
### Adjective

बॊड • (boḍ) m (Perso-Arabic بۆڈ)
* big, great, large
* old, older

#### Antonyms

* ल्वकुट (lwakuṭ)
# भिजवाओगे
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /bʱɪd͡ʒ.ʋɑː.oː.ɡeː/, [bʱɪd͡ʒ.ʋäː.oː.ɡeː]

### Verb

भिजवाओगे • (bhijvāoge)
* second-person familiar masculine future indicative of भिजवाना (bhijvānā)
# पातर
## Awadhi
### Etymology

From Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀮 (pattala, “thin”), from Sanskrit पत्त्रल (pattralá, “leafy”). Cognate with Hindi पतला (patlā).

### Adjective

पातर (pātar)
* thin
# पातीं
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pɑː.t̪ĩː/, [päː.t̪ĩː]

### Verb

पातीं • (pātī̃)
* inflection of पाना (pānā):
** feminine plural habitual participle
** feminine plural contrafactual
# पाती
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pɑː.t̪iː/, [päː.t̪iː]

### Verb

पाती • (pātī)
* inflection of पाना (pānā):
** feminine singular habitual participle
** feminine singular contrafactual

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* pātī (Latin script)
* 𑀧𑀸𑀢𑀻 (Brahmi script)
* পাতী (Bengali script)
* පාතී (Sinhalese script)
* ပါတီ or ပါတဳ or ပႃတီ (Burmese script)
* ปาตี (Thai script)
* ᨷᩤᨲᩦ (Tai Tham script)
* ປາຕີ (Lao script)
* បាតី (Khmer script)
* 𑄛𑄂𑄖𑄩 (Chakma script)
* pātī (Latin script)
* 𑀧𑀸𑀢𑀻 (Brahmi script)
* পাতী (Bengali script)
* පාතී (Sinhalese script)
* ပါတီ or ပါတဳ or ပႃတီ (Burmese script)
* ปาตี (Thai script)
* ᨷᩤᨲᩦ (Tai Tham script)
* ປາຕີ (Lao script)
* បាតី (Khmer script)
* 𑄛𑄂𑄖𑄩 (Chakma script)

### Noun

पाती f
* Devanagari script form of pātī (“bowl”)
# मुरमुराना
## Hindi
### Etymology

Derived from Prakrit 𑀫𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀫𑀼𑀭𑀺𑀅 (murumuria).

### Verb

मुरमुराना • (murmurānā)
* to crackle
# फिसड्डी
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Northwestern Indo-Aryan, whence Punjabi ਫਿਸੱਡੀ (phisaḍḍī). Probably, further from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀨𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (*phissa, “defective”) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀟𑁆𑀟- (-ḍḍa-) + -𑀇𑀓𑀸- (-ikā-). Compare Nepali फिस्स (phissa, “easily torn”), Gujarati ફીસું (phīsũ, “easily torn”).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pʰɪ.səɖ.ɖiː/, [pʰɪ.sɐɖ̚.ɖiː]

### Adjective

फिसड्डी • (phisaḍḍī) (indeclinable)
* one who lags behind
* laggard, backward, idiot, sluggish

### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “फिसड्डी”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*phissa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 510
# मणिकार
## Sanskrit
### Noun

मणिकार • (maṇikāra) stem, m
* jeweller
# मणिआर
## Prakrit
### Noun

मणिआर (maṇiāra) m
* Devanagari script form of 𑀫𑀡𑀺𑀆𑀭 (“jeweler”)
# भतीजियाँ
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /bʱə.t̪iː.d͡ʒɪ.jɑ̃ː/, [bʱɐ.t̪iː.d͡ʒi.jä̃ː]

### Noun

भतीजियाँ • (bhatījiyā̃)
* direct plural of भतीजी (bhatījī)
# प्लक्षद्वीप
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* প্লক্ষদ্বীপ (Assamese script)
* ᬧ᭄ᬮᬓ᭄ᬱᬤ᭄ᬯᬷᬧ (Balinese script)
* প্লক্ষদ্বীপ (Bengali script)
* 𑰢𑰿𑰩𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰟𑰿𑰪𑰱𑰢 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀧𑁆𑀮𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀻𑀧 (Brahmi script)
* ပ္လက္ၑဒွီပ (Burmese script)
* પ્લક્ષદ્વીપ (Gujarati script)
* ਪ੍ਲਕ੍ਸ਼ਦ੍ਵੀਪ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌪𑍍𑌲𑌕𑍍𑌷𑌦𑍍𑌵𑍀𑌪 (Grantha script)
* ꦥ꧀ꦭꦏ꧀ꦰꦢ꧀ꦮꦷꦥ (Javanese script)
* 𑂣𑂹𑂪𑂍𑂹𑂭𑂠𑂹𑂫𑂲𑂣 (Kaithi script)
* ಪ್ಲಕ್ಷದ್ವೀಪ (Kannada script)
* ប្លក្ឞទ្វីប (Khmer script)
* ປ຺ລກ຺ຩທ຺ວີປ (Lao script)
* പ്ലക്ഷദ്വീപ (Malayalam script)
* ᢒᠯᠠᡬᢢᠠᡩᠣᠸᡳᡳᢒᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘢𑘿𑘩𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘟𑘿𑘪𑘲𑘢 (Modi script)
* ᢒᠯᠠᢉᢔᠠᢑᠸᠢᠢᢒᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧂𑧠𑧉𑦮𑧠𑧌𑦿𑧠𑧊𑧓𑧂 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐥𑑂𑐮𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐡𑑂𑐰𑐷𑐥 (Newa script)
* ପ୍ଲକ୍ଷଦ୍ଵୀପ (Odia script)
* ꢦ꣄ꢭꢒ꣄ꢰꢣ꣄ꢮꢷꢦ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆥𑇀𑆬𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆢𑇀𑆮𑆵𑆥 (Sharada script)
* 𑖢𑖿𑖩𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖟𑖿𑖪𑖱𑖢 (Siddham script)
* ප‍්ලක්‍ෂද්‍වීප (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩰 𑪙𑩽𑩜 𑪙𑪀𑩭 𑪙𑩾𑩑𑩛𑩰 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚞𑚶𑚥𑚊𑚶𑚛𑚶𑚦𑚯𑚞 (Takri script)
* ப்லக்ஷத்³வீப (Tamil script)
* ప్లక్షద్వీప (Telugu script)
* ปฺลกฺษทฺวีป (Thai script)
* པླ་ཀྵ་དྭཱི་པ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒣𑓂𑒪𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒠𑓂𑒫𑒲𑒣 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨞𑩇𑨬𑨋𑩇𑨯𑨛𑩇𑨭𑨁𑨊𑨞 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Compound of प्लक्ष (plakṣa, “fig”) +‎ द्वीप (dvīpá, “island”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /plɐk.ʂɐd.ʋiː.pɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /pl̪ɐk.ʂɐd̪ˈʋiː.pɐ/

### Proper noun

प्लक्षद्वीप • (plakṣadvīpá) stem, m
* (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) Plakshadvipa one of the seven regions of the Earth.
    Coordinate terms: जम्बुद्वीप (jambudvīpa), प्लक्षद्वीप (plakṣadvīpa), शमलद्वीप (śamaladvīpa), कुशद्वीप (kuśadvīpa), क्रौञ्चद्वीप (krauñcadvīpa), शाकद्वीप (śākadvīpa), पुष्करद्वीप (puṣkaradvīpa)
# प्लीज
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /pliːd͡ʒ/

### Noun

प्लीज • (plīj) m
* Alternative spelling of प्लीज़ (plīz)
# माङ्सुक
## Yamphu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /maŋsuk/

### Noun

माङ्सुक (māṅsuk)
* ancestor

### References

* “माङ्‌सुक”, in याम्फु - नेपाली - अङ्ग्रेजी शब्दकोश (Yamphu - Nepali - English Dictionary), Nepal: SIL International, 2019.
# माङ्‍मे
## Yakkha
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

माङ्‍मे (maŋ‍me)
* eagle
# माछी
## Awadhi
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit मच्छिआ (macchiā), from Sanskrit मक्षिका (makṣikā).

### Noun

माछी (māchī)
* fly
# रंगणे
## Marathi
### Etymology

* Marathi verb set
* रंगणे (raṅgṇe)
* रंगवणे (raṅgavṇe)
Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘨𑘽𑘐𑘜𑘹 (raṃgaṇe), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀭𑀁𑀕𑀇 (raṃgaï). Compare Gujarati રંગવું (raṅgvũ), Hindustani رَنْگنَا / रंगना (raṅgnā), Sindhi رَڱَڻُ / रङणु, Punjabi ਰੰਗਣਾ (raṅgṇā) / رَنگݨا (rangṇā).

### Pronunciation

* (formal) IPA: /ɾəŋ.ɡə.ɳe/
* (colloquial) IPA: /ɾəŋ.ɡə.ɳə/

### Verb

रंगणे • (raṅgṇe) (intransitive)
* to be coloured
* to delight in
* to become exciting

### Further reading

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “रंगणे”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “रंगणें”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “रंगणें”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*raṅgayati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# मौ
## Old Marathi
### Etymology

From Maharastri Prakrit 𑀫𑁅 (mau), from Sanskrit मृदु (mṛdu).

### Adjective

मौ (mau) (Modi 𑘦𑘼)
* soft, tender

#### Descendants

* Marathi: मऊ (maū)

### References

* Tulpule, Shankar Gopal; Feldhaus, Anne, “मौ”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan, 1999.
# फळणे
## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘣𑘯𑘜𑘹 (phaḷaṇe), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀨𑀮𑀇 (phalaï), from Sanskrit फलति (phalati). Related to फळ (phaḷ, “fruit”). Cognate with Gujarati ફળવું (phaḷvũ), Hindi फलना (phalnā), Sindhi ڦَرَڻُ / फरणु, Punjabi ਫਲਣਾ (phalṇā) / پھلنا (phlnā) , Nepali फल्नु (phalnu), Bengali ফলা (phola).

### Verb

फळणे • (phaḷṇe) (intransitive)
* to bear fruit

### References

* Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “फळणे”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “फळणे”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “फळण”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “phálati1”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# रगदअना
## Kurukh
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ɾaɡdaʔanaː]

### Verb

रगदअना (ragda'anā)
* to rub

### References

* Hahn, Ferb (1903) “रगदअना”, in Kurukh Orao English dictionary‎, Bengal Secretariat Press, Calcutta, page 154
# रगड़
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɾə.ɡəɽ/, [ɾɐ.ɡɐɽ]

### Noun

रगड़ • (ragaṛ) f
* abrasion, friction, bruise
# रगत
## Konkani
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit रक्त (rakta, “blood”).

### Noun

रगत • (ragat) (Latin script rogot, Kannada script ರಗತ್)
* blood

## Marwari
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit रक्त (rakta). Cognate with Hindi रक्त (rakt).

### Noun

रगत (ragat) ?
* (anatomy) blood
* red, crimson color

### References

* Bhanwar, Lal Suthar, Gahlot, Sukhveer Singh (1998) राजस्थानी-हिन्दी-अंग्रेजी कोश [rājasthānī-hindī-aṅgrejī koś, Rajasthani-Hindi-English Dictionary] (in Hindi), Jodhpur: Bharat Printers (Press), page 280

## Nepali
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit रक्त (rakta). Doublet of रक्त (rakta).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [rʌɡ̞ʌt̪]
* Phonetic Devanagari: रगत्

### Noun

रगत • (ragat)
* blood

### References

* Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “रगत”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar
# बैठनेवालीं
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /bɛːʈʰ.neː.ʋɑː.lĩː/, [bɛːʈʰ.neː.ʋäː.lĩː]

### Verb

बैठनेवालीं • (baiṭhnevālī̃)
* feminine plural prospective/agentive participle of बैठना (baiṭhnā)
# रौति
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৰৌতি (Assamese script)
* ᬭᭁᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
* রৌতি (Bengali script)
* 𑰨𑰻𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀭𑁅𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
* ရော်တိ (Burmese script)
* રૌતિ (Gujarati script)
* ਰੌਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌰𑍌𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
* ꦫꦻꦴꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
* 𑂩𑂸𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
* ರೌತಿ (Kannada script)
* រៅតិ (Khmer script)
* ເຣົາຕິ (Lao script)
* രൗതി (Malayalam script)
* ᡵᠣᠣᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
* 𑘨𑘼𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
* ᠷᠣᠧᠸᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧈𑧝𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐬𑑁𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
* ରୌତି (Odia script)
* ꢬꣃꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆫𑆿𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
* 𑖨𑖻𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
* රෞති (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩼𑩘𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚤𑚵𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
* ரௌதி (Tamil script)
* రౌతి (Telugu script)
* เราติ (Thai script)
* རཽ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
* 𑒩𑒾𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨫𑨈𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

See रु (ru).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɾɑ́ːw.ti/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɾɑw.t̪i/

### Verb

रौति • (raúti) third-singular indicative (class 2, type P, root रु)
* to roar, bellow, yelp, cry aloud
* to make any noise or sound
* to praise

#### Conjugation
### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “रौति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 881, column 3.
# रौद्र
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ৰৌদ্ৰ (Assamese script)
* ᬭᭁᬤ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
* রৌদ্র (Bengali script)
* 𑰨𑰻𑰟𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀭𑁅𑀤𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
* ရော်ဒြ (Burmese script)
* રૌદ્ર (Gujarati script)
* ਰੌਦ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌰𑍌𑌦𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
* ꦫꦻꦴꦢꦿ (Javanese script)
* 𑂩𑂸𑂠𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
* ರೌದ್ರ (Kannada script)
* រៅទ្រ (Khmer script)
* ເຣົາທ຺ຣ (Lao script)
* രൗദ്ര (Malayalam script)
* ᡵᠣᠣᡩᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘨𑘼𑘟𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
* ᠷᠣᠧᠸᠠᢑᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
* 𑧈𑧝𑦿𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐬𑑁𑐡𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
* ରୌଦ୍ର (Odia script)
* ꢬꣃꢣ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆫𑆿𑆢𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
* 𑖨𑖻𑖟𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
* රෞද්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩼𑩘𑩭 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚤𑚵𑚛𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
* ரௌத்³ர (Tamil script)
* రౌద్ర (Telugu script)
* เราทฺร (Thai script)
* རཽ་དྲ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒩𑒾𑒠𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨫𑨈𑨛𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Etymology

Vṛddhi derivative of रुद्र (rudra).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɾɑ́ːwd.ɾɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɾɑwd̪.ɾɐ/
* (Vedic) IPA: /ɾɑːwd.ɾɐ́/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɾɑwd̪.ɾɐ/

### Adjective

रौद्र • (raúdra or raudrá)
* relating or belonging to or coming from Rudra or the Rudras, Rudra-like, violent, impetuous, fierce, wild
** c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
* bringing or betokening misfortune, inauspicious R. Var.

### Noun

रौद्र • (raudra) stem, m
* a descendant of Rudra
** c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
* a worshipper of Rudra
* (pl., or sg. with गण) a class of evil spirits Hariv.
* (scil. रस) the sentiment of wrath or fury Sāh. Pratāp.
* the cold season of the year, winter L.
* name of the 54th year of the Jupiter cycle of 60 years ib.
* heat, sunshine

### Noun

रौद्र • (raudra) stem, n
* savageness, fierceness, formidableness Kathās. Suṡr.

#### Descendants

* Prakrit: 𑀭𑁄𑀤𑁆𑀤 (rŏdda​, “sunshine, first part of the day”)
** Assamese: ৰ’দ (röd)
** Bengali: রোদ (rōd)
** Sylheti ꠞꠂꠖ (roid)
* → Bengali: রোদ্দুর (rōddur) (semi-learned)
* → Telugu: రౌద్రము (raudramu)

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “रौद्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0891/1.
# लिसांव
## Konkani
### Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese lição.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [lisɑ̃ːʋ]

### Noun

लिसांव • (lisāuva) (Latin script lisaom, Kannada script ಲಿಸಾಂವ್)
* lesson
    Synonym: धडो (dhaḍo)

### References

* Madhavi Sardesai (2006) A Comparative Linguistic and Cultural Study of Lexical Influences on Konkani‎, Goa University (doctoral thesis)
# लीं
## Hindi
### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /lĩː/

### Verb

लीं • (lī̃)
* inflection of लेना (lenā):
** feminine plural perfective participle
** feminine plural perfect indicative
# मेला
## Hindi
### Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑁂𑀮𑀕 (melaga), from Sanskrit मेलक (melaka).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /meː.lɑː/, [meː.läː]

### Noun

मेला • (melā) m (Urdu spelling میلَہ)
* festival, fair
    Synonyms: उत्सव (utsav), त्यौहार (tyauhār)
    उसी गाँव में साल में चार बार बड़ा मेला होता है।usī gā̃v mẽ sāl mẽ cār bār baṛā melā hotā hai.In that very village a great festival takes place four times per year.
* (Hinduism) mela (the Hindu religious festival)

#### Declension
### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “मेला”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
# मेळ्चे
## Konkani
### Etymology

From Maharastri Prakrit 𑀫𑀺𑀮𑀇 (milaï), from Sanskrit मिलति (miláti, “to meet, encounter”). Cognate with Marathi मिळणे (miḷṇe), Hindi मिलना (milnā).

### Pronunciation

* (Goud Saraswat) IPA: /mɛɭ.t͡ʃɛ/
* (Roman Catholicism) IPA: /mɛʋ.t͡ʃɛ̃/

### Verb

मेळ्चे • (meḷce) (Latin script mevchem, Kannada script ಮೆಳ್ಚೆ)
* to meet
* to be found

### References

* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “miláti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# অকারণ
## Bengali
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अकारण (akāraṇa). By surface analysis, অ- (o-) +‎ কারণ (karon).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /ɔkaɾon/, [ˈɔkaɾon]
    Audio:(file)
* (Dhaka) IPA: /ɔkaɹon/, [ˈɔkaɹon]
* Rhymes: -aron
* Hyphenation: অ‧কা‧র‧ণ

### Adjective

অকারণ • (okaron) (comparative আরও অকারণ, superlative সবচেয়ে অকারণ)
* unnecessary
* causeless, unprovoked

### Adverb

অকারণ • (okaron)
* without cause
* unnecessarily, needlessly

#### Synonyms

* অকারণে (okarone)

### Further reading

* অকারণ in Samsada Bangala abhidhana, 2004
* অকারণ in Samsad Bengali-English dictionary, 2000
# लोपाक
## Sanskrit
### Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p- (“fox”). Cognate with Latin vulpes, Ancient Greek ἀλώπηξ (alṓpēx), Persian روباه (rubâh) and Lithuanian lãpė. Also compare लोपाश (lopāśa, “fox”).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /lɐw.pɑː.kɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /l̪oːˈpɑː.kɐ/

### Noun

लोपाक • (lopāka) stem, m
* kind of jackal

#### Descendants

* Kalasha: ḷawák

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “लोपाक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 904/3.
# व़ेःवो
## Gamale Kham
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɥe̤.wo/

### Adjective

व़ेःवो (transliteration needed)
* sweet

### References

* Wilde, Christopher P. (2016) “व़ेःवो”, in Gamale Kham Phonology Revisited, with Devanagari-based Orthography and Lexicon, Asia-Pacific Linguistics
# वाँगुन
## Kashmiri
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wãːɡun/

### Noun

वाँगुन • (wām̐gun) m (Perso-Arabic وانٛگُن)
* brinjal, eggplant
# वालिदैन
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian وَالِدَیْن (wālidayn), from Arabic وَالِدَيْن (wālidayn).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ʋɑː.lɪ.d̪ɛːn/, [ʋäː.lɪ.d̪ɛ̃ːn]
* Hyphenation: वा‧लि‧दैन
* Rhymes: -ɛːn

### Noun

वालिदैन • (vālidain) m pl (Urdu spelling والِدَین)
* parents
    Synonyms: माँ-बाप (mā̃-bāp), माता-पिता (mātā-pitā)

#### Declension
### References

* Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “वालिदैन”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 4436
* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “वालिदैन”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 916
* Platts, John T. (1884) “والدين”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 1176
* “वालिदैन”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
# গোঁড়
## Bengali
### Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀕𑁄𑀁𑀟 (goṃḍa), from Sanskrit गोण्ड (goṇḍa).

### Pronunciation

* (Rarh) IPA: /ɡõɽ/, [ɡõɽ], /ɡõɾ/
* (Dhaka) IPA: /ɡõɹ/, [ɡõɹ], /ɡoɹ/

### Noun

গোঁড় • (gō̃ṛ)
* a tumorous growth

#### Declension
### References

* Subhasha Bhattacarya, Sailendra Biswas, Sailendra Biswas, and Jnanendramohana Dasa (2022) “গোঁড়”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Bengali Dictionaries]