# 嵩

| 嵩 | U+5D69, &#23913; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5D69 |
| ← 嵨 [U+5D68] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 嵪 → [U+5D6A] |

## Translingual
### Han character

嵩 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 山卜口月 (UYRB), four-corner 2222$_7$, composition ⿱山高)

#### Derived characters

* 𡀢, 𢣆, 𥖱, 𫶜

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 317, character 27
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8348
* Dae Jaweon: page 617, character 42
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 791, character 18
* Unihan data for U+5D69

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 嵩 :
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 山 (“mountain”) + 高 (“tall”).

### Etymology

Reasoning that 嵩 and 崧 (sōng) are the same word and the latter's phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ) suggests the medial *-l-, Schuessler (2007) minimally reconstructs Old Chinese pronunciation *suŋ < *sluŋ, proposes that it was from Austroasiatic and compares it to Proto-Mon-Khmer *sluŋ ~ *sluuŋ (“high”). However, note Baxter & Sagart (2014)'s reconstructions 嵩 (OC), 崧 (OC *[s]uŋ), & 松 (OC *sə.ɢoŋ) without medial *-l-.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): sōng (song$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sung$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: sōng
*** Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: song
*** Wade–Giles: sung$^1$
*** Yale: sūng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: song
*** Palladius: сун (sun)
*** Sinological IPA : /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sung$^1$
*** Yale: sūng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sung$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sung$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: sjuwng
Rime :
| Character | 嵩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (2) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 息弓切 |
| Baxter | sjuwng |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨuŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siuŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /siuŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /suwŋ/ |
| Li Rong | /siuŋ/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭuŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /si̯uŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | sōng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sung$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]uŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*suŋ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 嵩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | sōng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sjuwng › |
| Old Chinese | /*[s]uŋ/ |
| English | high |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 嵩 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 12058 |
| Phonetic component | 嵩 |
| Rime group | 終 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 嵩 |
| Old Chinese | /*suŋ/ |

### Definitions

嵩
* (literary, of a mountain) high; lofty
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Sōnggāo wéi yuè, jùnjí yú tiān. [Pinyin]
    High and tall are the mountains, with their large masses reaching to the heavens.
* a surname

#### Compounds

* 嚴嵩／严嵩
* 嵩厚
* 嵩呼
* 嵩垛
* 嵩壽／嵩寿 (sōngshòu)
* 嵩少
* 嵩山 (Sōng Shān)
* 嵩山三闕／嵩山三阙
* 嵩峻
* 嵩嶽降神／嵩岳降神
* 嵩祝
* 嵩箕
* 打嚴嵩／打严嵩

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* pile up, accumulate
* bulk, volume

#### Readings

* Go-on: すう (sū)
* Kan-on: しゅう (shū)
* Kun: かさ (kasa, 嵩)、かさむ (kasamu, 嵩む)、たかい (takai, 嵩い)、たけ (take, 嵩)
* Nanori: たかし (takashi)、たかぶ (takabu)

#### Compounds

* 嵩上(かさあ)げ (kasaage)
* 嵩高(かさだか) (kasadaka), 嵩高(すうこう) (sūkō)
* 嵩張(かさば)る (kasabaru)
* 嵩呼(すうこ) (sūko)
* 年嵩(としかさ) (toshikasa)
* 荷嵩(にがさ)み (nigasami)
* 値嵩(ねがさ) (negasa)
* 値嵩株(ねがさかぶ) (negasakabu)
* 水嵩(みずかさ) (mizukasa)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 嵩
* かさ Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かさ [kàsáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
* IPA: [ka̠sa̠]

### Noun

嵩(かさ) • (kasa)
* bulk, large quantity
* mass, volume
    茹(ゆ)でるとかさが減(へ)ります。
       Yuderu to kasa ga herimasu.
       It decreases in volume when boiled.

#### Usage notes

* This term is often spelled in hiragana.

### References

* ↑ Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
* 1 2 Taishukan's Genius Japanese-English Dictionary, Tōkyō: Taishukan, 1998.

## Korean
### Hanja

嵩 (eum 숭 (sung))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

嵩: Hán Nôm readings: tung
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.