# ⲥⲉⲃⲓ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲥⲃⲃⲉ (sbbe) — Sahidic, Akhmimic
* ⲥⲉⲃⲃⲓ (sebbi), ⲥⲏⲃⲃⲓ (sēbbi) — Fayyumic

### Verb

ⲥⲉⲃⲓ • (sebi) (nominal state ⲥⲟⲩⲃⲉ-, pronominal state ⲥⲟⲩⲃⲏ⸗, stative ⲥⲟⲩⲃⲏⲧ or ⲥⲟⲩⲏⲧ)
* (transitive, Bohairic) to circumcise

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲥⲉⲃⲓ sebi | imperative | affirmative | ⲥⲉⲃⲓ sebi |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲥⲉⲃⲓ štemsebi | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀persebi |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲥⲉⲃⲓ tisebi | ⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ ksebi | ⲧⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ tesebi | ϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ fsebi | ⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ ssebi | ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ tensebi | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ tetensebi | ⲥⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ sesebi | ⲥⲉⲃⲓ sebi |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ eisebi | ⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ eksebi | ⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ eresebi | ⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ efsebi | ⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ essebi | ⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ensebi | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ eretensebi | ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ eusebi | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ ere- sebi |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲥⲉⲃⲓ etisebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ eteksebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ etesebi | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etefsebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etessebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etensebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etetensebi | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ etousebi | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ ete- sebi |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ naisebi | ⲛⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ naksebi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ naresebi | ⲛⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ nafsebi | ⲛⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ nassebi | ⲛⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ nansebi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ naretensebi | ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ nausebi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ nare- sebi |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ aisebi | ⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ aksebi | ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ aresebi | ⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ afsebi | ⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ assebi | ⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ansebi | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ aretensebi | ⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ ausebi | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ are- sebi |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ tinasebi | ⲭⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ khnasebi | ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ terasebi | ϥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ fnasebi | ⲥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ snasebi | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ tennasebi | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ tetennasebi | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ senasebi | ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ nasebi |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ einasebi | ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ ekhnasebi | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ erenasebi | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ efnasebi | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ esnasebi | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ ennasebi | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ eretennasebi | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ eunasebi | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ ere- nasebi |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ etinasebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ etekhnasebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ etenasebi | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ etefnasebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ etesnasebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ etennasebi | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ etetennasebi | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ etounasebi | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ ete- nasebi |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ nainasebi | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ nakhnasebi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ narenasebi | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ nafnasebi | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ nasnasebi | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ nannasebi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ naretennasebi | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ naunasebi | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ nare- nasebi |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ ainasebi | ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ akhnasebi | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ arenasebi | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ afnasebi | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ asnasebi | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ annasebi | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ aretennasebi | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ aunasebi | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ are- nasebi |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ aisebi | ⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ aksebi | ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ aresebi | ⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ afsebi | ⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ assebi | ⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ansebi | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ atetensebi | ⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ ausebi | ⲁ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ a- sebi |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pisebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀peksebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pesebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pefsebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pessebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pensebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀petensebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pousebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pe- sebi |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ eaisebi | ⲉⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ eaksebi | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ earesebi | ⲉⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ eafsebi | ⲉⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ eassebi | ⲉⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ eansebi | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ eatetensebi | ⲉⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ eausebi | ⲉⲁ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ ea- sebi |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pisebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀peksebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pesebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pefsebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pessebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pensebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀petensebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pousebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pe- sebi |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ etaisebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ etaksebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ etaresebi | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etafsebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etassebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etansebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etaretensebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ etausebi | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ eta- sebi |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pisebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀peksebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pesebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pefsebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pessebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pensebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀petensebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pousebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pe- sebi |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ neaisebi | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ neaksebi | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ nearesebi | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ neafsebi | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ neassebi | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ neansebi | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ neatetensebi | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ neausebi | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ nea- sebi |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ nem̀pisebi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ nem̀peksebi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ nem̀pesebi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ nem̀pefsebi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ nem̀pessebi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ nem̀pensebi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ nem̀petensebi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ nem̀pousebi | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ nem̀pe- sebi |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ etaisebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ etaksebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ etaresebi | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etafsebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etassebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etansebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etaretensebi | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ etausebi | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ eta- sebi |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀patisebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pateksebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀patesebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀patefsebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀patessebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀patensebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀patetensebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀patousebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pate- sebi |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀patisebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pateksebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀patesebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀patefsebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀patessebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀patensebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀patetensebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀patousebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pate- sebi |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀patisebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pateksebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀patesebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀patefsebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀patessebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀patensebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀patetensebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀patousebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pate- sebi |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀patisebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀pateksebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀patesebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀patefsebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀patessebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀patensebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀patetensebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀patousebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀pate- sebi |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ šaisebi | ϣⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ šaksebi | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ šaresebi | ϣⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ šafsebi | ϣⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ šassebi | ϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ šansebi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ šatetensebi | ϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ šausebi | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ šare- sebi |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀paisebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀paksebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀paresebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pafsebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀passebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pansebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀paretensebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pausebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀pare- sebi |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ ešaisebi | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ ešaksebi | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ ešaresebi | ⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ ešafsebi | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ ešassebi | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ešansebi | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ešatetensebi | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ ešausebi | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ ešare- sebi |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀paisebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀paksebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀paresebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pafsebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀passebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pansebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀paretensebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pausebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pare- sebi |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ etšaisebi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ etšaksebi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ etšaresebi | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etšafsebi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etšassebi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etšansebi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etšatetensebi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ etšausebi | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ etšare- sebi |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀paisebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀paksebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀paresebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pafsebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀passebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pansebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀paretensebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pausebi | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ etm̀pare- sebi |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ našaisebi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ našaksebi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ našaresebi | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ našafsebi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ našassebi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ našansebi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ našatetensebi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ našausebi | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ našare- sebi |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀paisebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀paksebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀paresebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀pafsebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀passebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀pansebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀paretensebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀pausebi | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ nam̀pare- sebi |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀paisebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀paksebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀paresebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pafsebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀passebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pansebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀paretensebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pausebi | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ em̀pare- sebi |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ eiesebi | ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ ekesebi | ⲉⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ eresebi | ⲉϥⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ efesebi | ⲉⲥⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ esesebi | ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ enesebi | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ eretenesebi | ⲉⲩⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ euesebi | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ ere- sebi |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹnasebi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹneksebi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹnesebi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹnefsebi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹnessebi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹnensebi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹnetensebi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹnousebi | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹne- sebi |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ marisebi | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ marefsebi | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ maressebi | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ marensebi | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ marousebi | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ mare- sebi |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀penthrisebi | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀penthrefsebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀penthressebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀penthrensebi | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀penthreusebi | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ m̀penthre- sebi |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹtasebi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹteksebi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹtesebi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹtefsebi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹtessebi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹtensebi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹtetensebi | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹsesebi, ǹtousebi | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ ǹte- sebi |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ tarisebi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ tareksebi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ taresebi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ tarefsebi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ taressebi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ tarensebi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ taretensebi | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ tarousebi | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ tare- sebi |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲥⲉⲃⲓ šatisebi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ šateksebi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ šatesebi | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ šatefsebi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ šatessebi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ šatensebi | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ šatetensebi | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ šatousebi | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ šate- sebi |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ aišansebi | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ akšansebi | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ arešansebi | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ afšansebi | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ asšansebi | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ anšansebi | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ aretenšansebi | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ aušansebi | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ arešan- sebi |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲥⲉⲃⲓ aisebi | ⲁⲕⲥⲉⲃⲓ aksebi | ⲁⲣⲉⲥⲉⲃⲓ aresebi | ⲁϥⲥⲉⲃⲓ afsebi | ⲁⲥⲥⲉⲃⲓ assebi | ⲁⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ ansebi | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲃⲓ aretensebi | ⲁⲩⲥⲉⲃⲓ ausebi | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲥⲉⲃⲓ are- sebi |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |

### References

* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 147
* Vycichl, Werner (1983) Dictionnaire Étymologique de la Langue Copte, Leuven: Peeters, →ISBN, page 184
* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 321