# themba
## Southern Ndebele
### Verb

-thémba
* to trust

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Xhosa
### Verb

-thémba
* to hope, to trust

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Verb

-thémba
* (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of -ethemba

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukuthemba |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuthemba | ukungathembi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | themba | -thembe |
| Plural | thembani | -thembeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyathemba, ngithemba | engithembayo, engithemba | ngithemba | angithembi | engingathembi | ngingathembi |
| 2nd singular | uyathemba, uthemba | othembayo, othemba | uthemba | awuthembi | ongathembi | ungathembi |
| 1st plural | siyathemba, sithemba | esithembayo, esithemba | sithemba | asithembi | esingathembi | singathembi |
| 2nd plural | niyathemba, nithemba | enithembayo, enithemba | nithemba | anithembi | eningathembi | ningathembi |
| Class 1 | uyathemba, uthemba | othembayo, othemba | ethemba | akathembi | ongathembi | engathembi |
| Class 2 | bayathemba, bathemba | abathembayo, abathemba | bethemba | abathembi | abangathembi | bengathembi |
| Class 3 | uyathemba, uthemba | othembayo, othemba | uthemba | awuthembi | ongathembi | ungathembi |
| Class 4 | iyathemba, ithemba | ethembayo, ethemba | ithemba | ayithembi | engathembi | ingathembi |
| Class 5 | liyathemba, lithemba | elithembayo, elithemba | lithemba | alithembi | elingathembi | lingathembi |
| Class 6 | ayathemba, athemba | athembayo, athemba | ethemba | awathembi | angathembi | engathembi |
| Class 7 | siyathemba, sithemba | esithembayo, esithemba | sithemba | asithembi | esingathembi | singathembi |
| Class 8 | ziyathemba, zithemba | ezithembayo, ezithemba | zithemba | azithembi | ezingathembi | zingathembi |
| Class 9 | iyathemba, ithemba | ethembayo, ethemba | ithemba | ayithembi | engathembi | ingathembi |
| Class 10 | ziyathemba, zithemba | ezithembayo, ezithemba | zithemba | azithembi | ezingathembi | zingathembi |
| Class 11 | luyathemba, luthemba | oluthembayo, oluthemba | luthemba | aluthembi | olungathembi | lungathembi |
| Class 14 | buyathemba, buthemba | obuthembayo, obuthemba | buthemba | abuthembi | obungathembi | bungathembi |
| Class 15 | kuyathemba, kuthemba | okuthembayo, okuthemba | kuthemba | akuthembi | okungathembi | kungathembi |
| Class 17 | kuyathemba, kuthemba | okuthembayo, okuthemba | kuthemba | akuthembi | okungathembi | kungathembi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngithembile, ngithembē | engithembile, engithembē | ngithembile, ngithembē | angithembanga | engingathembanga | ngingathembanga |
| 2nd singular | uthembile, uthembē | othembile, othembē | uthembile, uthembē | awuthembanga | ongathembanga | ungathembanga |
| 1st plural | sithembile, sithembē | esithembile, esithembē | sithembile, sithembē | asithembanga | esingathembanga | singathembanga |
| 2nd plural | nithembile, nithembē | enithembile, enithembē | nithembile, nithembē | anithembanga | eningathembanga | ningathembanga |
| Class 1 | uthembile, uthembē | othembile, othembē | ethembile, ethembē | akathembanga | ongathembanga | engathembanga |
| Class 2 | bathembile, bathembē | abathembile, abathembē | bethembile, bethembē | abathembanga | abangathembanga | bengathembanga |
| Class 3 | uthembile, uthembē | othembile, othembē | uthembile, uthembē | awuthembanga | ongathembanga | ungathembanga |
| Class 4 | ithembile, ithembē | ethembile, ethembē | ithembile, ithembē | ayithembanga | engathembanga | ingathembanga |
| Class 5 | lithembile, lithembē | elithembile, elithembē | lithembile, lithembē | alithembanga | elingathembanga | lingathembanga |
| Class 6 | athembile, athembē | athembile, athembē | ethembile, ethembē | awathembanga | angathembanga | engathembanga |
| Class 7 | sithembile, sithembē | esithembile, esithembē | sithembile, sithembē | asithembanga | esingathembanga | singathembanga |
| Class 8 | zithembile, zithembē | ezithembile, ezithembē | zithembile, zithembē | azithembanga | ezingathembanga | zingathembanga |
| Class 9 | ithembile, ithembē | ethembile, ethembē | ithembile, ithembē | ayithembanga | engathembanga | ingathembanga |
| Class 10 | zithembile, zithembē | ezithembile, ezithembē | zithembile, zithembē | azithembanga | ezingathembanga | zingathembanga |
| Class 11 | luthembile, luthembē | oluthembile, oluthembē | luthembile, luthembē | aluthembanga | olungathembanga | lungathembanga |
| Class 14 | buthembile, buthembē | obuthembile, obuthembē | buthembile, buthembē | abuthembanga | obungathembanga | bungathembanga |
| Class 15 | kuthembile, kuthembē | okuthembile, okuthembē | kuthembile, kuthembē | akuthembanga | okungathembanga | kungathembanga |
| Class 17 | kuthembile, kuthembē | okuthembile, okuthembē | kuthembile, kuthembē | akuthembanga | okungathembanga | kungathembanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāthemba | engāthemba | ngāthemba | angithembanga | engingathembanga | ngingathembanga |
| 2nd singular | wāthemba | owāthemba | wāthemba | awuthembanga | ongathembanga | ungathembanga |
| 1st plural | sāthemba | esāthemba | sāthemba | asithembanga | esingathembanga | singathembanga |
| 2nd plural | nāthemba | enāthemba | nāthemba | anithembanga | eningathembanga | ningathembanga |
| Class 1 | wāthemba | owāthemba | āthemba | akathembanga | ongathembanga | engathembanga |
| Class 2 | bāthemba | abāthemba | bāthemba | abathembanga | abangathembanga | bengathembanga |
| Class 3 | wāthemba | owāthemba | wāthemba | awuthembanga | ongathembanga | ungathembanga |
| Class 4 | yāthemba | eyāthemba | yāthemba | ayithembanga | engathembanga | ingathembanga |
| Class 5 | lāthemba | elāthemba | lāthemba | alithembanga | elingathembanga | lingathembanga |
| Class 6 | āthemba | āthemba | āthemba | awathembanga | angathembanga | engathembanga |
| Class 7 | sāthemba | esāthemba | sāthemba | asithembanga | esingathembanga | singathembanga |
| Class 8 | zāthemba | ezāthemba | zāthemba | azithembanga | ezingathembanga | zingathembanga |
| Class 9 | yāthemba | eyāthemba | yāthemba | ayithembanga | engathembanga | ingathembanga |
| Class 10 | zāthemba | ezāthemba | zāthemba | azithembanga | ezingathembanga | zingathembanga |
| Class 11 | lwāthemba | olwāthemba | lwāthemba | aluthembanga | olungathembanga | lungathembanga |
| Class 14 | bāthemba | obāthemba | bāthemba | abuthembanga | obungathembanga | bungathembanga |
| Class 15 | kwāthemba | okwāthemba | kwāthemba | akuthembanga | okungathembanga | kungathembanga |
| Class 17 | kwāthemba | okwāthemba | kwāthemba | akuthembanga | okungathembanga | kungathembanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingathemba | — | ngingathemba | ngingethembe | — | ngingethembe |
| 2nd singular | ungathemba | — | ungathemba | ungethembe | — | ungethembe |
| 1st plural | singathemba | — | singathemba | singethembe | — | singethembe |
| 2nd plural | ningathemba | — | ningathemba | ningethembe | — | ningethembe |
| Class 1 | angathemba | — | engathemba | angethembe | — | engethembe |
| Class 2 | bangathemba | — | bengathemba | bangethembe | — | bengethembe |
| Class 3 | ungathemba | — | ungathemba | ungethembe | — | ungethembe |
| Class 4 | ingathemba | — | ingathemba | ingethembe | — | ingethembe |
| Class 5 | lingathemba | — | lingathemba | lingethembe | — | lingethembe |
| Class 6 | angathemba | — | engathemba | angethembe | — | engethembe |
| Class 7 | singathemba | — | singathemba | singethembe | — | singethembe |
| Class 8 | zingathemba | — | zingathemba | zingethembe | — | zingethembe |
| Class 9 | ingathemba | — | ingathemba | ingethembe | — | ingethembe |
| Class 10 | zingathemba | — | zingathemba | zingethembe | — | zingethembe |
| Class 11 | lungathemba | — | lungathemba | lungethembe | — | lungethembe |
| Class 14 | bungathemba | — | bungathemba | bungethembe | — | bungethembe |
| Class 15 | kungathemba | — | kungathemba | kungethembe | — | kungethembe |
| Class 17 | kungathemba | — | kungathemba | kungethembe | — | kungethembe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizothemba | engizothemba | ngizothemba | angizuthemba | engingezuthemba | ngingezuthemba |
| 2nd singular | uzothemba | ozothemba | uzothemba | awuzuthemba | ongezuthemba | ungezuthemba |
| 1st plural | sizothemba | esizothemba | sizothemba | asizuthemba | esingezuthemba | singezuthemba |
| 2nd plural | nizothemba | enizothemba | nizothemba | anizuthemba | eningezuthemba | ningezuthemba |
| Class 1 | uzothemba | ozothemba | ezothemba | akazuthemba | ongezuthemba | engezuthemba |
| Class 2 | bazothemba | abazothemba | bezothemba | abazuthemba | abangezuthemba | bengezuthemba |
| Class 3 | uzothemba | ozothemba | uzothemba | awuzuthemba | ongezuthemba | ungezuthemba |
| Class 4 | izothemba | ezothemba | izothemba | ayizuthemba | engezuthemba | ingezuthemba |
| Class 5 | lizothemba | elizothemba | lizothemba | alizuthemba | elingezuthemba | lingezuthemba |
| Class 6 | azothemba | azothemba | ezothemba | awazuthemba | angezuthemba | engezuthemba |
| Class 7 | sizothemba | esizothemba | sizothemba | asizuthemba | esingezuthemba | singezuthemba |
| Class 8 | zizothemba | ezizothemba | zizothemba | azizuthemba | ezingezuthemba | zingezuthemba |
| Class 9 | izothemba | ezothemba | izothemba | ayizuthemba | engezuthemba | ingezuthemba |
| Class 10 | zizothemba | ezizothemba | zizothemba | azizuthemba | ezingezuthemba | zingezuthemba |
| Class 11 | luzothemba | oluzothemba | luzothemba | aluzuthemba | olungezuthemba | lungezuthemba |
| Class 14 | buzothemba | obuzothemba | buzothemba | abuzuthemba | obungezuthemba | bungezuthemba |
| Class 15 | kuzothemba | okuzothemba | kuzothemba | akuzuthemba | okungezuthemba | kungezuthemba |
| Class 17 | kuzothemba | okuzothemba | kuzothemba | akuzuthemba | okungezuthemba | kungezuthemba |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyothemba | engiyothemba | ngiyothemba | angiyuthemba | engingeyuthemba | ngingeyuthemba |
| 2nd singular | uyothemba | oyothemba | uyothemba | awuyuthemba | ongeyuthemba | ungeyuthemba |
| 1st plural | siyothemba | esiyothemba | siyothemba | asiyuthemba | esingeyuthemba | singeyuthemba |
| 2nd plural | niyothemba | eniyothemba | niyothemba | aniyuthemba | eningeyuthemba | ningeyuthemba |
| Class 1 | uyothemba | oyothemba | eyothemba | akayuthemba | ongeyuthemba | engeyuthemba |
| Class 2 | bayothemba | abayothemba | beyothemba | abayuthemba | abangeyuthemba | bengeyuthemba |
| Class 3 | uyothemba | oyothemba | uyothemba | awuyuthemba | ongeyuthemba | ungeyuthemba |
| Class 4 | iyothemba | eyothemba | iyothemba | ayiyuthemba | engeyuthemba | ingeyuthemba |
| Class 5 | liyothemba | eliyothemba | liyothemba | aliyuthemba | elingeyuthemba | lingeyuthemba |
| Class 6 | ayothemba | ayothemba | eyothemba | awayuthemba | angeyuthemba | engeyuthemba |
| Class 7 | siyothemba | esiyothemba | siyothemba | asiyuthemba | esingeyuthemba | singeyuthemba |
| Class 8 | ziyothemba | eziyothemba | ziyothemba | aziyuthemba | ezingeyuthemba | zingeyuthemba |
| Class 9 | iyothemba | eyothemba | iyothemba | ayiyuthemba | engeyuthemba | ingeyuthemba |
| Class 10 | ziyothemba | eziyothemba | ziyothemba | aziyuthemba | ezingeyuthemba | zingeyuthemba |
| Class 11 | luyothemba | oluyothemba | luyothemba | aluyuthemba | olungeyuthemba | lungeyuthemba |
| Class 14 | buyothemba | obuyothemba | buyothemba | abuyuthemba | obungeyuthemba | bungeyuthemba |
| Class 15 | kuyothemba | okuyothemba | kuyothemba | akuyuthemba | okungeyuthemba | kungeyuthemba |
| Class 17 | kuyothemba | okuyothemba | kuyothemba | akuyuthemba | okungeyuthemba | kungeyuthemba |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngithembe | ngingathembi |
| 2nd singular | uthembe | ungathembi |
| 1st plural | sithembe | singathembi |
| 2nd plural | nithembe | ningathembi |
| Class 1 | athembe | angathembi |
| Class 2 | bathembe | bangathembi |
| Class 3 | uthembe | ungathembi |
| Class 4 | ithembe | ingathembi |
| Class 5 | lithembe | lingathembi |
| Class 6 | athembe | angathembi |
| Class 7 | sithembe | singathembi |
| Class 8 | zithembe | zingathembi |
| Class 9 | ithembe | ingathembi |
| Class 10 | zithembe | zingathembi |
| Class 11 | luthembe | lungathembi |
| Class 14 | buthembe | bungathembi |
| Class 15 | kuthembe | kungathembi |
| Class 17 | kuthembe | kungathembi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngathemba | ngangathemba, angathemba, angangathemba |
| 2nd singular | wathemba | wangathemba, awathemba, awangathemba |
| 1st plural | sathemba | sangathemba, asathemba, asangathemba |
| 2nd plural | nathemba | nangathemba, anathemba, anangathemba |
| Class 1 | wathemba | wangathemba, akathemba, akangathemba |
| Class 2 | bathemba | bangathemba, abathemba, abangathemba |
| Class 3 | wathemba | wangathemba, awathemba, awangathemba |
| Class 4 | yathemba | yangathemba, ayathemba, ayangathemba |
| Class 5 | lathemba | langathemba, alathemba, alangathemba |
| Class 6 | athemba | angathemba, awathemba, awangathemba |
| Class 7 | sathemba | sangathemba, asathemba, asangathemba |
| Class 8 | zathemba | zangathemba, azathemba, azangathemba |
| Class 9 | yathemba | yangathemba, ayathemba, ayangathemba |
| Class 10 | zathemba | zangathemba, azathemba, azangathemba |
| Class 11 | lwathemba | lwangathemba, alwathemba, alwangathemba |
| Class 14 | bathemba | bangathemba, abathemba, abangathemba |
| Class 15 | kwathemba | kwangathemba, akwathemba, akwangathemba |
| Class 17 | kwathemba | kwangathemba, akwathemba, akwangathemba |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “themba”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “themba (3.2.9)”