# 諂諛
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chǎnyú
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄢˇ ㄩˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cim$^2$ jyu$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): tiēng-ṳ̀
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chǎnyú
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˇ ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chǎnyú
*** Wade–Giles: chʻan$^3$-yü$^2$
*** Yale: chǎn-yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaanyu
*** Palladius: чаньюй (čanʹjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ y³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cim$^2$ jyu$^4$
*** Yale: chím yùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsim$^2$ jy$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qim$^2$ yu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰiːm³⁵ jyː²¹/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: tiēng-ṳ̀
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰieŋ³³⁻²¹ $^{(Ø-)}$ŋy⁵³/
* Middle Chinese: trhjemX yu
Rime :
| Character | 諂 | 諛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 徹 (10) | 以 (36) |
| Final (韻) | 鹽 (154) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 丑琰切 | 羊朱切 |
| Baxter | trhjemX | yu |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʈʰˠiᴇm$^X$/ | /jɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈʰᵚiɛm$^X$/ | /jio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ȶʰiæm$^X$/ | /io/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈʰjiam$^X$/ | /juə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /ȶʰjɛm$^X$/ | /io/ |
| Wang Li | /ȶʰĭɛm$^X$/ | /jĭu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ȶʰi̯ɛm$^X$/ | /i̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chǎn | yú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cim$^2$ | jyu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰromʔ [ɢ](r)o/
    (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰomʔ lo/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 諂 | 諛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chǎn | yú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ trhjem$^X$ › | ‹ yu › |
| Old Chinese | /*qʰromʔ/ | /*[ɢ](r)o/ |
| English | flatter (v.) | flatter (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 諂 | 諛 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13562 | 15825 |
| Phonetic component | 臽 | 臾 |
| Rime group | 談 | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 諂 | 逾 |
| Old Chinese | /*l̥ʰomʔ/ | /*lo/ |
| Notes | 說文同讇 | |

### Verb

諂諛
* (literary) to toady; to flatter
    From: Xunzi, c. 3rd century BCE
    Chǎnyú wǒ zhě, wú zéi yě. [Pinyin]
    Those who flatter me are my foes.

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 媚, 諂 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 拍馬, 奉承, 奉迎, 討好, 諂媚, 恭維, 巴結, 趨奉, 趨附, 諂諛, 阿諛, 逢迎, 抱大腿, 阿諂, 巴劫, 獻殷勤, 捧臭腳, 取悅 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 拍馬屁, 溜溝子, 溜鬚, 溜鬚捧勝, 溜, 捧臭腳, 捧參兒, 呵, 巴結, 奉承 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 拍馬屁, 拍馬, 抱大腿 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 奉承, 巴結 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 巴結 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 拍馬屁, 溜鬚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 巴結, 溜鬚, 拍馬屁, 拍 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 拍馬屁, 拍, 溜溝子, 溜腚溝兒, 溜鬚, 溜鬚拍馬, 溜鬚捧勝, 溜鬚舔腚, 溜, 舔腚, 捧臭腳, 捧勝, 巴結, 巴嘰 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 溜鬚, 打溜鬚, 溜鬚捧勝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 拍馬屁, 溜鬚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 巴結, 拍馬屁, 拍馬, 奉迎 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 巴結, 拍, 逢迎, 溜鬚 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 拍馬屁 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 拍, 溜乎, 溜溝子, 溜溝子舔眼子, 巴結 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 捧, 巴結 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 奉承, 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 奉承, 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 奉承, 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 奉承, 舔腚 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 舔腚, 溜鬚, 巴結, 巴結奉迎, 奉承, 奉迎, 討好 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 舔腚, 舔, 溜光, 溜恭 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 巴結, 打溜鬚, 舔巴腚溝子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 巴結, 奔弄 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 溜溝子, 舔摸, 舔腚溜溝子, 巴結 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 巴結, 拍馬屁, 舔麼腚, 舔麼 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 巴結, 貼乎 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 拍馬屁, 溜溝子, 溜屁股溝, 溜鬚拍馬, 巴結, 奉承 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 巴結, 拍 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 巴結 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 奉承, 巴結 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 舔溝子, 巴結 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 舔屁眼兒, 溜溝子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 巴結, 拍, 溜, 奉迎, 舔腚 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 拍馬 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 巴結, 拍, 溜, 溜腚溝兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 巴結, 拍 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 巴結, 拍馬屁, 舔溝子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 巴結, 拍馬屁, 舔溝子, 溜溝子, 騷輕, 腮補西 Hui |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 巴結, 溜溝子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 巴結 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 舔溝油, 抱大腿, 抱粗腿, 巴結, 抬舉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 吸喋子, 吸, 偷吸, 舔腚眼子, 舔腚, 舔, 巴結, 拍馬屁, 拍, 奉承 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 巴結, 逢迎, 舔肥, 和, 拍馬屁, 拍 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 拍馬屁, 溜溝子, 舔溝子, 巴結 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 溜溝子, 舔溝子, 溜溝順情, 抱大腿, 巴結, 奉承, 拍馬屁 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 巴結 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 巴結, 奉承, 拍馬屁 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 溜溝子, 溜, 巴結, 奉承, 騷情 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 舔肥, 舔溝子, 舔肥溝子, 舔屁股, 𫾈肥, 𫾈, 抱大腳桿, 浮上水, 巴結, 巴, 溜溝子, 奉承 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 巴結, 拍馬屁, 拍 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 巴結, 舔肥 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 奉承 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 巴結, 奉承, 拍馬屁, 拍 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 奉承, 拍馬屁 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 巴結, 舔肥, 長舌頭兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 拍, 拍馬屁, 拍麻皮, 呵熱屁, 呵卵捧㞗, 呵, 拎草鞋, 提草鞋, 巴結, 巴, 奉承 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 巴結, 拍馬屁, 奉承 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 拍馬屁, 舔肥屁股, 舔肥, 巴結, 奉承 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 巴結, 拍, 捧 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 舔肥, 捧泡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 巴結, 獻殷勤 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 巴結, 捧泡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 抬泡, 巴結 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 捧脬, 舔屁股, 巴結, 拍馬屁, 搊捧 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 拍, 捧泡 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 巴結, 奉承 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 拍馬屁, 捧大腳, 捧卵脬, 巴結, 奉承 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 巴交, 拍馬屁, 奉承 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 巴結, 奉承, 背合皮 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 拍馬屁, 呵, 呵二屁, 抬轎子, 抱粗腿, 巴結 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 拍馬屁, 拍馬三, 呵, 呵捧, 呵大卵子, 舔屁眼, 巴結 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 巴結, 拍馬, 舔油, 上油 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 巴結 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 拍馬屁, 拍, 托卵脬, 托馬屁, 巴結 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 巴結, 呵卵脬, 拍 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 拍馬屁, 呵, 巴結 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 巴結, 拍馬屁, 捧熱卵子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 托大腳, 托, 擦鞋, 𦧺屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 托大腳, 擦鞋, 拍馬屁, 𦧺屎眼, 𦧺屎窟 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 騎大腳 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 擦鞋 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 托大腳, 捧臀 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 捧臀, 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 托大蹄, 托大腳, 拍馬屁, 擦鞋 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 拍馬屁, 拍, 捧大腿, 捧脬 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 拍馬屁, 捧大腳 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 拍馬屁, 捧大腳 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 捧, 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 捧大腳 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 捧大腳 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 托大腳, 擦鞋, 罌吉 |
| Cantonese | Penang (Guangfu) | 托大腳, 擦鞋 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 托大腳 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 捧大腳 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 拍馬屁, 托卵袋子, 巴結 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 拍馬屁, 巴結 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 拍馬屁, 搊卵坨子, 巴結 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 捧大腳, 托大腳, 巴結 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 背大腳 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 托大腳 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 托大腳 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 托大腳 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 托大腳 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 巴結 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 托卵坨, 巴結 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 托核, 托核卵 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 扶核卵, 托核卵 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 托核, 托核卵 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 托核, 托核卵 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 托核, 托核卵 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 扶核卵 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 巴結 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 拍馬屁, 捧攏, 捧, 呵卵脬, 呼卵脬, 巴結 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 巴結, 呼卵脬 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 舔屁眼, 溜溝子, 溜舔, 溜溝子舔屁眼, 拍馬屁, 抱粗腿, 巴舔 |
| Jin | Taiyuan (Jinyuan) | 溜溝子舔屁眼 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 巴結, 拍馬屁, 奉迎, 迎合 |
| Jin | Datong | 溜舔 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 溜達, 溜, 走上水, 溜舔, 溜溝子, 爬溝子, 溜溝涮棒, 舔屁眼, 舔屁窟, 舔㞘子, 舔涮, 涮攪, 涮棒子, 涮壜子, 涮淘, 喝泔水, 扶上水, 扶下頦, 巴結 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 巴結, 拍馬屁, 拍, 溜溝子, 舔屁眼 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 巴結 |
| Jin | Linhe | 拍馬屁, 溜溝子 |
| Jin | Jining | 溜溝子 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 溜溝子 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 溜溝子 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 拿進, 溜舔, 舔屁股 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 奉承, 巴結, 拍馬屁 |
| Jin | Handan | 奉承, 巴結, 舔屁眼 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 巴結, 拍 |
| Jin | Suide | 巴結 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 捧㞠脬, 攬褲跤, 頌花鞋, 巴結 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 托𡳞脬, 捧, 拍馬屁, 巴結 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 扶, 扶𡳞脬, 扶零星, 三跤, 㾪扶 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 扶, 扶𡳞脬, 㾪扶 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 扶, 扶𡳞脬, 三跤, 三跤馬, 三跤撐 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 扶𡳞脬 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺, 扶 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺, 扶 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 扶𡳞脬, 扶尻川, 扶𡳞 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 扶𡳞脬, 扶挺, 扶𡳞 |
| Southern Min | Taitung | 扶𡳞脬 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 扶𡳞脬 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 扶𡳞脬 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 扶𡳞脬 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 扶 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 扶, 扶𡳞脬, 三跤 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 扶, 扶𡳞脬 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 巴結 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 扶𡳞脬, 扶 |
| Southern Min | Raoping | 扶𡳞脬 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 扛轎跤, 扶𡳞脬 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 扶𡳞脬, 扶 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 扶, 扶𡳞脬 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 托跤腿 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 扶, 扶大腿 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 抱大跤 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 捧卵脬, 捧脬, 扛大腳, 拍馬屁, 巴結 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 巴結, 奉承 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 拍馬屁, 巴結 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 拍馬屁 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 拍馬屁, 拍馬三, 巴結, 討好, 拍牢 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 拍馬屁 |
| Wu | Danyang | 拍馬屁, 巴結, 呵捧, 呵卵脬 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 拍馬屁, 巴結 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 拍馬屁, 巴結 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 拍馬屁 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 拍馬屁, 塔麻油, 捧大腿, 捧腿, 巴結, 討好 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 拍馬屁, 摸螺拐, 搊卵脬 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 捧馬屁, 捧卵胞 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 捧馬屁, 搊屁股 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 巴結 |

#### Derived terms

* 諂諛取容／谄谀取容