# 野火
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yěhuǒ
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˇ ㄏㄨㄛˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): je$^5$ fo$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): iá-hé
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yěhuǒ [Phonetic: yéhuǒ]
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˇ ㄏㄨㄛˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yěhuǒ
*** Wade–Giles: yeh$^3$-huo$^3$
*** Yale: yě-hwǒ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeehuoo
*** Palladius: ехо (jexo)
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: je$^5$ fo$^2$
*** Yale: yéh fó
*** Cantonese Pinyin: je$^5$ fo$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yé$^5$ fo$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /jɛː¹³ fɔː³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iá-hé
*** Tâi-lô: iá-hé
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iafhea
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ia⁵³⁻⁴⁴ he⁵³/

### Noun

野火
* prairie fire; wildfire; bush fire
* farm fire (for clearing fields)

#### Synonyms

* (prairie fire):
* 山火 (shānhuǒ)
* 火燒埔／火烧埔 (Southern Min)
* 荒火 (huānghuǒ)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 野 | 火 |
| の Grade: 2 | ひ > び Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi ||
Compound of 野 (no, “field”) +‎ 火 (hi, “fire”). The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
An ancient variant seen in eastern Japan uses the dialectal reading nu for 野.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) のび [nóꜜbì] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [no̞bʲi]

#### Noun

野(の)火(び) • (nobi)
(alternative reading hiragana ぬび, rōmaji nubi) (obsolete)
* a controlled burn set in early spring to clear away brush from mountain fields
* a wildfire

##### Alternative forms

* 燹 (rare)

##### Synonyms

* (controlled agricultural burn): 野焼(のや)き (noyaki)

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 野 | 火 |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 1 |
| jukujikun ||
Compound of 火 (ho, “fire”) +‎ 退く (soku, “to push away, to make distant”).
The kun'yomi for 火 is usually hi, but it can appear as ho or fu, particularly in older compounds.
The soku changes to soke due to conjugation of the verb. Grammatically, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of soki was used for intransitive senses, and the stem form of soke was used for the transitive senses.
The kanji 野火 are an example of jukujikun.

#### Alternative forms

* 火退, 逆焼, 燹

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ho̞so̞ke̞]

#### Noun

野火(ほそけ) • (hosoke) (rare)
* a backburn: a controlled fire deliberately set in the path of a wildfire to create a firebreak by removing combustible material

##### Usage notes

The more common word for this is 向火, 向(む)かい火(び) (mukaibi).

##### Alternative forms

* 火退 (rare)
* 逆焼 (rare)
* 燹 (rare)

##### Synonyms

* 向火, 向(む)かい火(び) (mukaibi)

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 野 | 火 |
| や Grade: 2 | か Grade: 1 |
| goon ||
From Middle Chinese 野火 (yæ$^X$ xwa$^X$, literally “open country + fire”).

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) やか [yáꜜkà] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ja̠ka̠]

#### Noun

野(や)火(か) • (yaka)
* a controlled burn set to clear away brush from fields
* a fire set in a field
* a wildfire
* a will o' the wisp

##### Synonyms

* (controlled agricultural burn; wildfire): 燎原(りょうげん) (ryōgen)
* (will o' the wisp): 鬼火(おにび) (onibi), 狐火(きつねび) (kitsunebi), 狐日(きつねび) (kitsunebi), 陰火(いんか) (inka), 幽霊火(ゆうれいび) (yūreibi), 不知火(しらぬい) (shiranui)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN