# 扞

| 扞 | U+625E, &#25182; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-625E |
| ← 扝 [U+625D] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 扟 → [U+625F] |

## Translingual
### Han character

扞 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 手一十 (QMJ), four-corner 5104$_0$, composition ⿰扌干)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 418, character 2
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11802
* Dae Jaweon: page 764, character 19
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1828, character 6
* Unihan data for U+625E

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 訐 | *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad |
| 肝 | *kaːn |
| 竿 | *kaːn |
| 干 | *kaːn |
| 奸 | *kaːn |
| 玕 | *kaːn |
| 汗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 迀 | *kaːn |
| 忓 | *kaːn, *ɡaːns |
| 鳱 | *kaːn |
| 邗 | *kaːn, *ɡaːn |
| 秆 | *kaːnʔ |
| 矸 | *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns |
| 仠 | *kaːnʔ |
| 皯 | *kaːnʔ |
| 衦 | *kaːnʔ |
| 簳 | *kaːnʔ |
| 擀 | *kaːnʔ |
| 旰 | *kaːns |
| 盰 | *kaːns |
| 幹 | *kaːns |
| 杆 | *kaːns |
| 骭 | *kaːns, *ɡraːns |
| 桿 | *kaːnʔ |
| 趕 | *kaːnʔ |
| 稈 | *kaːnʔ |
| 刊 | *kʰaːn |
| 靬 | *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan |
| 衎 | *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns |
| 犴 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns |
| 豻 | *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn |
| 頇 | *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd |
| 岸 | *ŋɡaːns |
| 鼾 | *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns |
| 罕 | *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns |
| 焊 | *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns |
| 蔊 | *qʰaːnʔ |
| 虷 | *ɡaːn |
| 旱 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 皔 | *ɡaːnʔ |
| 釬 | *ɡaːns |
| 扞 | *ɡaːns |
| 閈 | *ɡaːns |
| 馯 | *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn |
| 捍 | *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ |
| 悍 | *ɡaːns |
| 銲 | *ɡaːns |
| 垾 | *ɡaːns |
| 駻 | *ɡaːns |
| 睅 | *ɡʷranʔ |
| 娨 | *ɡraːns |
| 飦 | *kan |
| 赶 | *ɡan, *ɡʷad |
| 軒 | *qʰan |
| 蓒 | *qʰan |
| 酐 | *qʰaːŋʔ |
| 澣 | *ɡʷaːnʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡaːns) : semantic 手 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn)

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hàn (han$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hon$^2$ / hon$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hàn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hàn
*** Wade–Giles: han$^4$
*** Yale: hàn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hann
*** Palladius: хань (xanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xän⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hon$^2$ / hon$^6$
*** Yale: hón / hohn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hon$^2$ / hon$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hon$^2$ / hon$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːn³⁵/, /hɔːn²²/
* Middle Chinese: hanH
Rime :
| Character | 扞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 寒 (61) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 侯旰切 |
| Baxter | hanH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦɑn$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦɑn$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣɑn$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦan$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣɑn$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣɑn$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɣɑn$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | hàn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hon$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-kˤa[r]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːns/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 扞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | hàn |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ han$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*m-kˁa[r]-s/ |
| English | ward off; protect, guard |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 扞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 3620 |
| Phonetic component | 干 |
| Rime group | 元 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 翰 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɡaːns/ |

#### Definitions

扞
* to resist
* to offend
* to prevent
* to cover
* leather sleeve
* Alternative form of 悍 (hàn)

#### Compounds

* 扞拒
* 扞格 (hàngé)
* 扞格不入
* 扞格不通 (hàngébùtōng)
* 扞蔽
* 扞衛／扞卫

#### Descendants

* → Vietnamese: cản

### Etymology 2

* For pronunciation and definitions of 扞 – see 捍 (“to defend; to guard; to protect; to resist; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 捍).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

### Etymology 3

* For pronunciation and definitions of 扞 – see 擀 (“to roll”). (This character is a variant form of 擀).

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): かん (kan)
* Kun: ふせぐ (fusegu, 扞ぐ)

## Korean
### Hanja

扞 • (han) (hangeul 한, revised han, McCune–Reischauer han, Yale han)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

扞: Hán Nôm readings: cản, hãn
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.