# 喘息
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chuǎnxī, chuǎnxí
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄢˇ ㄒㄧ, ㄔㄨㄢˇ ㄒㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cyun$^2$ sik$^1$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhoán-siak / chhoán-sek / chhoán-sit
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cuang$^2$ sêg$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chuǎnxī
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄢˇ ㄒㄧ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuǎnsi
*** Wade–Giles: chʻuan$^3$-hsi$^1$
*** Yale: chwǎn-syī
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: choanshi
*** Palladius: чуаньси (čuanʹsi)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chuǎnxí
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄢˇ ㄒㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chuǎnsí
*** Wade–Giles: chʻuan$^3$-hsi$^2$
*** Yale: chwǎn-syí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: choanshyi
*** Palladius: чуаньси (čuanʹsi)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cyun$^2$ sik$^1$
*** Yale: chyún sīk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsyn$^2$ sik$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qun$^2$ xig$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰyːn³⁵ sɪk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoán-siak
*** Tâi-lô: tshuán-siak
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhoafnsiag
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰuan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siak̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoán-sek
*** Tâi-lô: tshuán-sik
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhoafnseg
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰuan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚³²/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoán-sit
*** Tâi-lô: tshuán-sit
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhoafnsid
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰuan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sit̚³²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cuang$^2$ sêg$^4$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuáng sek
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ sek̚²/
* Middle Chinese: tsyhwenX sik
Rime :
| Character | 喘 | 息 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) | 心 (16) |
| Final (韻) | 仙 (78) | 職 (134) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 昌兖切 | 相即切 |
| Baxter | tsyhwenX | sik |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕʰiuᴇn$^X$/ | /sɨk̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕʰʷiɛn$^X$/ | /sɨk̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕʰjuæn$^X$/ | /siek̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cʰwian$^X$/ | /sik̚/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕʰiuɛn$^X$/ | /siək̚/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕʰĭwɛn$^X$/ | /sĭək̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕʰi̯wɛn$^X$/ | /si̯ək̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chuǎn | xi |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | cyun$^2$ | sik$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tʰ]orʔ sək/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjonʔ slɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 喘 | 息 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | chuǎn | xī |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsyhwen$^X$ › | ‹ sik › |
| Old Chinese | /*[tʰ]orʔ/ | /*sək/ |
| English | to pant | breathe |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 喘 | 息 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 2517 | 13332 |
| Phonetic component | 耑 | 息 |
| Rime group | 元 | 職 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 舛 | 息 |
| Old Chinese | /*tʰjonʔ/ | /*slɯɡ/ |
| Notes | | 說文自亦聲 |

### Verb

喘息
* to pant; to gasp for air
    From: World Health Organization
    Chuǎnxī jiào cháng jiàn yú bìngdúxìng gǎnrǎn. [Pinyin]
    Wheezing is more common in viral infections.
* (figurative) to take a breather; to take a respite

#### Synonyms

* (to pant): (Hokkien) 歇喘

#### Derived terms

* 喘息之間／喘息之间

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 喘 | 息 |
| ぜん Hyōgai | そく Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* ぜん息

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ぜんそく [zèńsókú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [d͡zẽ̞ɰ̃so̞kɯ̟]

### Noun

喘(ぜん)息(そく) • (zensoku)
* (pathology) asthma

#### Synonyms

* 気(き)管(かん)支(し)喘(ぜん)息(そく) (kikanshizensoku, “bronchial asthma​”)

### References

* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 喘 | 息 |

### Noun

喘息 • (cheonsik) (hangeul 천식)
* hanja form of 천식 (“asthma”)