# tombar
## Catalan
### Etymology

From an onomatopoeic / expressive root tumb- or tomb-, imitating the sound of rolling, tumbling, or falling. Compare French tomber, Spanish tumbar, Romanian tumbă, etc.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [tumˈba]
* IPA: (Balearic) [tomˈba]
* IPA: (Valencia) [tomˈbaɾ]
* Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

### Verb

tombar (first-person singular present tombo, first-person singular preterite tombí, past participle tombat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /o/
* (transitive) to turn (to change the direction of by rotation)
* (transitive) to flip over, to turn over (to rotate top to bottom)
* (transitive) to knock down (to hit something so that it falls)
* (intransitive) to turn, to spin (to move around an axis)

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | tombar | tombar | tombar | tombar | tombar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | tombant | tombant | tombant | tombant | tombant |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | tombat | tombat | tombada | tombada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | tombats | tombats | tombades | tombades |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| indicative | present | tombo | tombes | tomba | tombem | tombeu | tomben |
| indicative | imperfect | tombava | tombaves | tombava | tombàvem | tombàveu | tombaven |
| indicative | future | tombaré | tombaràs | tombarà | tombarem | tombareu | tombaran |
| indicative | preterite | tombí | tombares | tombà | tombàrem | tombàreu | tombaren |
| indicative | conditional | tombaria | tombaries | tombaria | tombaríem | tombaríeu | tombarien |
| subjunctive | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| subjunctive | present | tombi | tombis | tombi | tombem | tombeu | tombin |
| subjunctive | imperfect | tombés | tombessis | tombés | tombéssim | tombéssiu | tombessin |
| imperative | | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès |
| imperative | affirmative | — | tomba | tombi | tombem | tombeu | tombin |
| imperative | negative (no) | — | no tombis | no tombi | no tombem | no tombeu | no tombin |

#### Derived terms

* tomb
* tombada

### References

* ↑ “tombar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

### Further reading

* “tombar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “tombar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “tombar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Portuguese
### Etymology

From an onomatopoeic/ expressive root tumb- or tomb-, imitating the sound of rolling, tumbling, or falling.
Compare Spanish tumbar, Catalan tombar, French tomber, Romanian tumbă, etc. Possibly a cognate of German taumeln.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /tõˈba(ʁ)/ [tõˈba(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /tõˈba(ʁ)/ [tõˈba(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /tõˈba(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /tõˈba(ʁ)/ [tõˈba(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /tõˈba(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tõˈbaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /tõˈbaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /tõˈba.ɾi/

### Verb

tombar (first-person singular present tombo, first-person singular preterite tombei, past participle tombado)
* to fall down; to tumble
* (intransitive, euphemistic) to fall (to die, especially in battle)
    Synonym: cair
* to put into government protection
* to register an estate (heritage wise)

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

### References

* ↑ http://www.aulete.com.br/tombar