# 愚蠢
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yúchǔn
    (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ ㄔㄨㄣˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu$^4$ ceon$^2$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): gû-chhún / gî-chhún / gû-thún
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ngo$^5$ cung$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yúchǔn
*** Zhuyin: ㄩˊ ㄔㄨㄣˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yúchǔn
*** Wade–Giles: yü$^2$-chʻun$^3$
*** Yale: yú-chwǔn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuchoen
*** Palladius: юйчунь (jujčunʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jyu$^4$ ceon$^2$
*** Yale: yùh chéun
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jy$^4$ tsoen$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yu$^4$ cên$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /jyː²¹ t͡sʰɵn³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû-chhún
*** Tâi-lô: gû-tshún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: guzhuon
*** IPA (Taipei): /ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰun⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³⁻³³ t͡sʰun⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰun⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gî-chhún
*** Tâi-lô: gî-tshún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gizhuon
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡi¹³⁻²² t͡sʰun⁵³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû-thún
*** Tâi-lô: gû-thún
*** Phofsit Daibuun: gu'tuon
*** IPA (Taipei): /ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰun⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² tʰun⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³⁻³³ tʰun⁴¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ngo$^5$ cung$^2$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngô tshúng
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰuŋ⁵²/
* Middle Chinese: ngju tsyhwinX
Rime :
| Character | 愚 | 蠢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) | 昌 (24) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 諄 (47) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 虞俱切 | 尺尹切 |
| Baxter | ngju | tsyhwinX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ŋɨo/ | /t͡ɕʰiuɪn$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ŋio/ | /t͡ɕʰʷin$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ŋio/ | /t͡ɕʰjuen$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ŋuə̆/ | /cʰwin$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ŋio/ | /t͡ɕʰiuĕn$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /ŋĭu/ | /t͡ɕʰĭuĕn$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ŋi̯u/ | /t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yú | chǔn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jyu$^4$ | ceon$^2$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋo tʰjunʔ/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 愚 | 蠢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 15919 | 12574 |
| Phonetic component | 禺 | 屯 |
| Rime group | 侯 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | 蠢 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋo/ | /*tʰjunʔ/ |

### Adjective

愚蠢
* stupid; foolish; unwise
       Nǐ kàn tā, dàjiā dōu jiào tā “yúchǔn de lǎotàipó”. [Pinyin]
       Look at her; everyone calls her "stupid old hag".
    From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5th century CE
    Yúchǔn zhī rén, bùzú duō zhū. [Pinyin]
    The unwise are not worthy of excessive punishment.

#### Synonyms

* 呆
* 呆傻 (dāishǎ)
* 呆痴 (dāichī)
* 𡳞面 (Hokkien, vulgar)
* 𡳞鳥面／𡳞鸟面 (Hokkien, vulgar)
* 愚戇／愚戆 (Hokkien)
* 愚昧 (yúmèi)
* 愚笨 (yúbèn)
* 愚鈍／愚钝 (yúdùn)
* 拙 (zhuō) (literary, or in compounds)
* 拙笨 (zhuōbèn)
* 撚樣／撚样 (lan$^2$ joeng$^{6-2}$) (Cantonese, vulgar)
* 暗昧 (ànmèi)
* 梢跤 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 梢跤軟蹄／梢跤软蹄 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 梢蹬 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 棒槌 (bàngchuí)
* 海鱟／海鲎 (Hokkien)
* 混鈍／混钝 (Hokkien)
* 痴呆
* 發踱／发踱 ($^7$faq $^8$doq) (Wu)
* 笨 (bèn)
* 笨拙 (bènzhuō)
* 笨車車／笨车车 (Hokkien)
* 臭笨 (Hokkien)
* 菜瓜 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
* 蠢 (chǔn)
* 蠢氣／蠢气 (qyn$^3$ qi$^4$) (Xiang)
* 蠢笨 (chǔnbèn)
* 袋屎 (Hokkien)
* 袋屎袋尿 (Hokkien)
* 跤梢 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 遲鈍／迟钝 (chídùn)
* 阿西 (Hokkien)
* 頇顢／顸颟 (Hokkien)
* 鱟／鲎 (Hokkien)
* 鳩拙／鸠拙 (jiūzhuó) (literary)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 笨, 愚笨, 愚蠢 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 笨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 笨 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 笨 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 笨 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 悶 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 笨, 蠢 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 笨, 蠢 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 笨 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 笨 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 蠢, 笨 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 蠢, 笨 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 吽, 塞督, 塞 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 蠢 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 笨, 蠢 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 笨 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 笨 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 笨 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 愚, 笨 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 笨 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 白仁 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 笨 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 呆, 笨 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 蠢 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 蠢 |

#### Antonyms

* 伶俐 (línglì)
* 智慧 (zhìhuì)
* 聰明／聪明 (cōngmíng)
* 聰穎／聪颖 (cōngyǐng)
* 穎悟／颖悟 (yǐngwù)

### Noun

愚蠢
* stupidity; foolishness
       Tā yīnwèi zìjǐ de yúchǔn, duōcì cuòguò le míbǔ kuīsǔn de jīhuì. [Pinyin]
       Because of his stupidity, he missed multiple opportunities to regain his losses.

### See also

* 愚昧 (yúmèi)