# چارطاق
## Ottoman Turkish
### Alternative forms

* چارداق (çardak)

### Etymology

Borrowed from Persian چارطاق (čârtâq, “vault”), a compound of چار (čâr, “four”) + طاق (tâq, “arch”).

### Noun

چارطاق • (çardak)
* chamber surrounded by four arches supported on four columns
* open stage built on the roof of a house, for drying linen, etc.
* pergola, trellis, a frame that can be used to grow vines
    Synonym: عریش (ʼariş)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: çardak
* → Armenian: չարդախ (čʻardax)
* → Albanian: çardak
* → Aromanian: cirdache, cerdache, cardache
* → Bulgarian: чарда́к (čardák), черда́к (čerdák)
* → Crimean Tatar: çardak
* → Greek: τσαρδάκι (tsardáki), τσαρδί (tsardí)
* → Hungarian: csárda
* → Karaim: чардак, чардакъ, чардах, цардак
* → Macedonian: чардак (čardak)
* → Romanian: cerdac, ceardac, ciardac
* → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ча̏рда̄к
    Latin script: čȁrdāk
* → Ukrainian: чарда́к (čardák, “deck of a ship”)

### Proper noun

چارطاق • (çardak)
* Çardak (a town and district in Denizli province, Turkey)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: Çardak

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “çardak1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 889
* Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “چارطاق”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎, Vienna: F. Beck, page 175a
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “چارطاق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 459
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “چارطاق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 1546
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “çardak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2010–) “Çardak”, in Nişanyan Yeradları: Türkiye ve Çevre Ülkeler Yerleşim Birimleri Envanteri [Index Anatolicus: An inventory of place names of Turkey and surrounding countries] (in Turkish)
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “چارطاق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 703
* Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Çardak”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎, 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 172

## Persian
### Alternative forms

* چارتاق (čârtâq), چهارطاق (čahârtâq), چهارتاق (čahârtâq)

### Etymology

From چار (čâr, “four”) +‎ طاق (tâq, “arch”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [t͡ʃɑːɾ.ˈtɑːq]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ.t̪ʰɑ́ːq]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ.t̪ʰɑ́ːq]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [t͡ʃʰɑːɾ.t̪ʰɑ́ːq]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [t͡ʃʰɔːɾ.t̪ʰɔ́ːq]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰɒːɹ.t̪ʰɒ́ːɢ̥]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [t͡ʃʰɔɾ.t̪ʰɔ́q]

### Noun

چارطاق • (čârtâq)
* a kind of vault resting on four pillars
    Synonyms: چهارطاقی (čahârtâqi), چارطاقی (čârtâqi)

#### Descendants

* → Old Anatolian Turkish: چارطاق (çartak, çardak)
** Azerbaijani:
    Cyrillic script: чардаг
    Latin script: çardaq
    Arabic script: چارداق
** Ottoman Turkish: چارطاق (çardak)
*** Turkish: çardak
*** → Armenian: չարդախ (čʻardax)
*** → Albanian: çardak
*** → Aromanian: cirdache, cerdache, cardache
*** → Bulgarian: чарда́к (čardák), черда́к (čerdák)
*** → Crimean Tatar: çardak
*** → Greek: τσαρδάκι (tsardáki), τσαρδί (tsardí)
*** → Hungarian: csárda
*** → Karaim: чардак, чардакъ, чардах, цардак
*** → Macedonian: чардак (čardak)
*** → Romanian: cerdac, ceardac, ciardac
*** → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: ча̏рда̄к
    Latin script: čȁrdāk
*** → Ukrainian: чарда́к (čardák, “deck of a ship”)
* → Bulgar:
** →? Proto-Slavic: *čьrtogъ
*** East Slavic:
**** Russian: черто́г (čertóg)
**** Ukrainian: черто́г (čertóh)
*** South Slavic:
**** Old Church Slavonic: чрътогъ (črŭtogŭ)
**** Old Serbian: чртог, чртаг
* → Karakalpak:
    Cyrillic script: шердақ
    Latin script: sherdaq
* → Russian: черда́к (čerdák) (via some Turkic language)

### References

* Pomorska, Marzanna (2013) “çartak, çardag, çardak”, in Materials for a Historical Dictionary of New Persian Loanwords in Old Anatolian and Ottoman Turkish from the 13th to the 16th Century (Studia Turcologica Cracoviensia; 13)‎, Kraków: Jagiellonian University Press, →ISBN, page 61
* Vullers, Johann August (1855) “چارطاق”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎ (in Latin), volume I, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 552
* Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “491. ČIRDÁḰE sb. f. pl. čirdǎḱi (Pascu), ČERDAḰE (Pascu), ČARDAЌE (Miha)”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 110