# 作奸犯科
## Chinese

| | | to regard as; to take (someone) for; to doto regard as; to take (someone) for; to do; to make | traitor | to violate; to offend | branch of study; administrative section; divisionbranch of study; administrative section; division; field; branch; stage directions; family (taxonomy); rules; laws; to mete out (punishment); to levy (taxes, etc.); to fine someone |
| trad. (作奸犯科/作姦犯科) | trad. (作奸犯科/作姦犯科) | 作 | 奸/姦 | 犯 | 科 |
| simp. (作奸犯科) | simp. (作奸犯科) | 作 | 奸 | 犯 | 科 |

### Etymology

From Chu Shi Biao by 諸葛亮 (Zhuge Liang):
    若有作奸犯科及為忠善者，宜付有司論其刑賞。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: 227, 諸葛亮 (Zhuge Liang), 出師表Ruò yǒu zuòjiānfànkē jí wéi zhōngshàn zhě, yí fù yǒusī lùn qí xíngshǎng. [Pinyin]Any person who commits an offence or renders meritorious service to the State should be handed over to the appropriate authority, who will then make the decision on what punishment or reward to be given out.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zuòjiānfànkē
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄐㄧㄢ ㄈㄢˋ ㄎㄜ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zok$^3$ gaan$^1$ faan$^6$ fo$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zuòjiānfànkē
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄐㄧㄢ ㄈㄢˋ ㄎㄜ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zuòjianfànke
*** Wade–Giles: tso$^4$-chien$^1$-fan$^4$-kʻo$^1$
*** Yale: dzwò-jyān-fàn-kē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuohjianfannke
*** Palladius: цзоцзяньфанькэ (czoczjanʹfanʹkɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ fän⁵¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zok$^3$ gaan$^1$ faan$^6$ fo$^1$
*** Yale: jok gāan faahn fō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzok$^8$ gaan$^1$ faan$^6$ fo$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zog$^3$ gan$^1$ fan$^6$ fo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɔːk̚³ kaːn⁵⁵ faːn²² fɔː⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: tsuH|tsaH|tsak kan bjomX khwa
Rime :
| Character | 作 | 作 | 作 | 奸 | 犯 | 科 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) | 精 (13) | 見 (28) | 並 (3) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 歌 (94) | 鐸 (103) | 寒 (61) | 凡 (146) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I | I | I | III | I |
| Fanqie | 臧祚切 | 則箇切 | 則落切 | 古寒切 | 防錽切 | 苦禾切 |
| Baxter | tsuH | tsaH | tsak | kan | bjomX | khwa |
| Reconstructions |||||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡suo$^H$/ | /t͡sɑ$^H$/ | /t͡sɑk̚/ | /kɑn/ | /bɨɐm$^X$/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡suo$^H$/ | /t͡sɑ$^H$/ | /t͡sɑk̚/ | /kɑn/ | /biɐm$^X$/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡so$^H$/ | /t͡sɑ$^H$/ | /t͡sɑk̚/ | /kɑn/ | /biɐm$^X$/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /t͡sɔ$^H$/ | /t͡sa$^H$/ | /t͡sak̚/ | /kan/ | /buam$^X$/ | /kʰwa/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡so$^H$/ | /t͡sɑ$^H$/ | /t͡sɑk̚/ | /kɑn/ | /biɐm$^X$/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡su$^H$/ | /t͡sɑ$^H$/ | /t͡sɑk̚/ | /kɑn/ | /bĭwɐm$^X$/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡suo$^H$/ | /t͡sɑ$^H$/ | /t͡sɑk̚/ | /kɑn/ | /bʱi̯wɐm$^X$/ | /kʰuɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zù | zuò | zuo | gān | fàn | kuō |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zou$^3$ | zo$^3$ | zok$^3$ | gon$^1$ | faan$^6$ | fo$^1$ |

### Verb

作奸犯科
* to do evil and commit offence(s)

#### Synonyms

* 為非作歹／为非作歹 (wéifēizuòdǎi)