# 犗

| 犗 | U+7297, &#29335; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7297 |
| ← 犖 [U+7296] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 犘 → [U+7298] |

## Translingual
### Han character

犗 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹手十手口 (HQJQR), four-corner 2356$_1$, composition ⿰牜害)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 703, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20128
* Dae Jaweon: page 1116, character 22
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1818, character 1
* Unihan data for U+7297

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 轄 | *kʰaːds, *ɡraːd |
| 害 | *ɡaːds |
| 犗 | *kraːds |
| 幰 | *qʰanʔ |
| 攇 | *qʰanʔ |
| 憲 | *hŋans |
| 瀗 | *qʰans |
| 割 | *kaːd |
| 磍 | *kreːd, *kʰraːd |
| 瞎 | *qʰraːd |
| 鎋 | *ɡraːd |
| 鶷 | *ɡraːd |
| 縖 | *ɡraːd |
| 豁 | *qʰʷaːd |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiè (jie$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaai$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiè
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiè
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^4$
*** Yale: jyè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jieh
*** Palladius: цзе (cze)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaai$^3$
*** Yale: gaai
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaai$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gai$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːi̯³³/
* Middle Chinese: kaejH
Rime :
| Character | 犗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 夬 (29) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 古喝切 |
| Baxter | kaejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠai$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚai$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kai$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kaɨjs$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /kai$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /kæi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kai$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiè |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gaai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ<r>at-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kraːds/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 犗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiè |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kæj$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[k]ˁ<r>at-s/ |
| English | castrate |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 犗 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 4846 |
| Phonetic component | 害 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 犗 |
| Old Chinese | /*kraːds/ |

### Definitions

犗
* (literary) bullock
* (literary) to castrate

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 犅, 特, 犆 †, 牯 †, 犍 †, 犗 † |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 公牛, 牯牛, 牡牛, 雄牛, 犍牛 †, 閹牛 †, 種牛 ‡ |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 公牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 公牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 牤牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 牤牛, 牤子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 牤牛, 牤子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 牤牛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 牤牛, 牤子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 牤子, 牤牛, 犍牛 † |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 牤子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 牤牛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 公牛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 牤子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 牤牛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 牤牛, 公牛, 犍子 † |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 犍子, 蛋犍子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 公牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 公牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 毛牛 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 𤙎牛, 犍牛 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 牤牛, 老犍 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 公牛, 犍牛 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 公牛, 犍牛 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 牤牛, 牤犍 †, 犍子 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 脬牛, 犍牛 † |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 脬牛, 犍牛 † |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 騷牛, 犍牛 † |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 公牛, 犍牛 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 騷牛, 脬牛, 犍牛 † |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 脬牛, 犍牛 † |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 公牛, 牯牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 公牛, 牯牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 牯牛, 騷牯 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 公牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 公牛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 公牛, 牛牯, 閹牯 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 牯子, 騷牯子, 公牛 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 公牛, 牯牛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 公牛, 驐牛 † |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 犍牛, 牯牛 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 牯牛 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 牛公, 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 牛公, 公牛 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 生牯, 牛牯 † |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 牛牯, 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 牛公, 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Huaiji | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 牛公, 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 牛公, 牛牯 |
| Cantonese | Danzhou | 公牛 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 牛公 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 牛公 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 牛牯, 樣牯子, 驐牯子 † |
| Gan | Lichuan | 牛牯, 結牛 † |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 牛牯, 牯牛, 閹牛牯 † |
| Gan | Guixi | 閹牯 † |
| Hakka | Meixian | 牛牯, 牛牯仔 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 牛牯, 牛公 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 牛公, 牛牯仔 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) | 牛公, 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) | 牛公, 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Zengcheng (Zhengguo) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Wuguishan) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Changting | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 牛牯 † |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 牛牯頭 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) | 牛牯 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 牛牯 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 牯牛, 驐牛 † |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 公牛 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 牯牛, 犍牯 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 牯牛, 騷牯, 犍牯 † |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 牛牯仂 |
| Huizhou | Fuliang | 牯牛 † |
| Huizhou | Dexing | 牛牯, 肉牛 † |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 公牛 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 牙牛 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 公牛, 犍牛 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 牤牛 |
| Jin | Linhe | 騷牛 |
| Jin | Jining | 犍牛 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 牤牛 |
| Jin | Baotou | 犍牛 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 公牛 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 犍牛 |
| Jin | Handan | 犍牛 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 牛牯 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 牛牯 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 牛牯 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 牛牯 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 牛牯, 羯牯 † |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 牛牯 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 牛牯 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 牛牯 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 牛犅 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 牛犅 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 牛犅 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 牛犅 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 牛角 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 牛牯 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 牛犅 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 牛牯 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 牛牯 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 牛牯 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 牛犅, 牛牯 ‡ |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 牛犅 † |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 牛公 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 牛公, 牛犅仔 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 牛公 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 牛公, 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 牛牯, 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 牛犅 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 公牛 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 牛牯 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 牛牯 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 牛牯 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 公牛 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 牛牯 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 牛牯 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 牛公 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 牛牯 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 牛牯, 牛閹 † |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 牛牯 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 牛公, 牛牯 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 牛公, 公牛 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 牛公 |
| Puxian Min | Fuding (Aoyao) | 牛牯 |
| Central Min | Yong'an | 牛牯 |
| Central Min | Sanming (Sanyuan) | 牛牯 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 牛翁 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 牛牯 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 公牛, 牯牛 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 雄牛, 公牛, 驐牛 † |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 雄牛 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 牯牛, 公牛, 驐牛 † |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 牯牛 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 雄牛, 牯牛 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 雄牛 |
| Wu | Danyang | 公牛 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 公牛 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 雄牛, 羯牛 † |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 牛牯 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 雄牛, 牛牯, 羯牛 † |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 羯牯 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 牛牯子, 牛牯, 牯牛, 牛公子, 牛公, 騷牯子 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 牯牛 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 牛牯 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 牯牛, 閹牛 † |
| Note | † - bullock; ‡ - stud | † - bullock; ‡ - stud |

### Compounds

* 沈犗
* 犗刑
* 犗特
* 犗餌／犗饵

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B02484