# 得意
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): déyì
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄜˊ ㄧˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dak$^1$ ji$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ak$^2$ yi$^1$ / dak$^2$ yi$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tet-yi
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tek-ì / tiak-ì / tit-ì
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^7$teq-i$_5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: déyì → déyi (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ㄧˋ → ㄉㄜˊ ˙ㄧ (toneless final syllable variant)
*** Tongyong Pinyin: déyi̊
*** Wade–Giles: tê$^2$-i$^5$
*** Yale: dé-yi
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: der.yih
*** Palladius: дэи (dɛi)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɤ³⁵ i⁵¹/ → /tɤ³⁵ i³/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$得意 得益
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dak$^1$ ji$^3$
*** Yale: dāk yi
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dak$^7$ ji$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: deg$^1$ yi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɐk̚⁵ jiː³³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ak$^2$ yi$^1$ / dak$^2$ yi$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ak̚⁵⁵ ji³³/, /tak̚⁵⁵ ji³³/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tet-yi
*** Hakka Romanization System: ded$^ˋ$ i
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ded$^5$ yi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tet̚² i⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tet-yi
*** Hakka Romanization System: ded$^ˋ$ (r)i
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ded$^5$ yi$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tet̚² (j)i⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tek-ì
*** Tâi-lô: tik-ì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dek'ix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ i²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ i²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ i¹¹/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiak-ì
*** Tâi-lô: tiak-ì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diak'ix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ i⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tit-ì
*** Tâi-lô: tit-ì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dit'ix
*** IPA (Taipei): /tit̚³²⁻⁴ i¹¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tit̚³²⁻⁵ i²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tit̚³²⁻⁴ i²¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^7$teq-i$_5$
*** MiniDict: teh$^入$ i$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$teq-i$_2$
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /təʔ³³ i⁴⁴/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /təʔ⁵⁵ i⁵²³/

### Adjective

得意
* (of a person) successful
    他情場得意。／他情场得意。 ― Tā qíngchǎng déyì. ― He is lucky in love.
* (often pejorative) smug; proud; self-satisfied
       Qiáo tā nàge déyì de yàngr. [Pinyin]
       Look at him, looking so smug.
* (Cantonese) cute; adorable
       waa$^3$, go$^3$ bi$^4$ bi$^1$ taai$^3$ dak$^1$ ji$^3$ laa$^3$! ngo$^5$ jan$^2$ m$^4$ zyu$^6$ zyut$^{3-1}$ zo$^2$ keoi$^5$ jat$^1$ daam$^6$ min$^6$ zyu$^1$ dan$^1$. [Jyutping]
       Wow, the baby's too cute! I couldn't help but kiss his cheek.
* (Cantonese) interesting; peculiar
       nei$^5$ nam$^2$ maai$^4$ saai$^3$ di$^1$ je$^5$ dou$^1$ gau$^3$ saai$^3$ dak$^1$ ji$^3$ gaa$^3$ laa$^3$. [Jyutping]
       The stuff you think about is quite peculiar.

#### Synonyms

* (successful): 得志 (dézhì)
* (smug): (Hokkien) 得訣／得诀, (Cantonese) 得戚
* (cute):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 可愛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 可疼, 可人疼, 可愛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 可愛 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 可愛 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 喜歡人, 喜人 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 心疼, 得人愛 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 愛人, 逗人愛, 乖 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 逗人疼, 逗人喜歡 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 討喜 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 心疼人 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 得人愛, 得人中意, 得意 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 得意 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 得意 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 得人愛 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 討人喜歡 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 得人惜 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 得人惜, 卡哇伊 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 得人惜, 卡哇伊 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 得人惜, 卡哇伊 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 得人惜, 卡哇伊 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 得人惜, 卡哇伊 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 得人惜, 卡哇伊 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 粘人, 惜人, 親, 奇特 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 好惜, 得人怒 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 好疼 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 得儂疼, 古錐, 古傑 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 得儂疼, 古錐 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 得儂疼, 得儂惜, 古錐 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 得儂疼, 得儂惜, 古錐 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 趣味 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 古錐 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 古錐, 得儂疼 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 得儂惜 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 好惜 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 好惜, 得儂惜, 可愛 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 好惜 |
| Southern Min | Puning | 好惜, 趣味, 可愛 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 討人喜歡 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 有趣, 有趣相 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 逗人愛, 帶愛相, 愛人 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 帶愛相, 乖 |

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “successful”): (formal) 侘傺 (chàchì), 失意 (shīyì)

#### Derived terms

* 得意忘形 (déyìwàngxíng)
* 得意洋洋 (déyìyángyáng)

#### Related terms

* 愜意／惬意 (qièyì)
* 自豪 (zìháo)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 得 | 意 |
| とく Grade: 5 | い Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Alternative forms

* (honorific) 御(お)得(とく)意(い) (o-tokui)

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とくい [tòkúí] (Heiban – [0])
* (Tokyo) とくい [tòkúꜜì] (Nakadaka – [2])
* IPA: [to̞kɯ̟i]

### Adjective

得(とく)意(い) • (tokui) -na (adnominal 得(とく)意(い)な (tokui na), adverbial 得(とく)意(い)に (tokui ni))
* triumphant, proud
* skilled

#### Inflection

Stem forms :
| Imperfective (未然形) | 得意だろ | とくいだろ | tokui daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 得意で | とくいで | tokui de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 得意だ | とくいだ | tokui da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 得意な | とくいな | tokui na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 得意なら | とくいなら | tokui nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 得意であれ | とくいであれ | tokui de are |
| Key constructions ||||
| Informal negative | 得意ではない 得意じゃない | とくいではない とくいじゃない | tokui de wa nai tokui ja nai |
| Informal past | 得意だった | とくいだった | tokui datta |
| Informal negative past | 得意ではなかった 得意じゃなかった | とくいではなかった とくいじゃなかった | tokui de wa nakatta tokui ja nakatta |
| Formal | 得意です | とくいです | tokui desu |
| Formal negative | 得意ではありません 得意じゃありません | とくいではありません とくいじゃありません | tokui de wa arimasen tokui ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 得意でした | とくいでした | tokui deshita |
| Formal negative past | 得意ではありませんでした 得意じゃありませんでした | とくいではありませんでした とくいじゃありませんでした | tokui de wa arimasen deshita tokui ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 得意で | とくいで | tokui de |
| Conditional | 得意なら（ば） | とくいなら（ば） | tokui nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 得意だったら | とくいだったら | tokui dattara |
| Volitional | 得意だろう | とくいだろう | tokui darō |
| Adverbial | 得意に | とくいに | tokui ni |
| Degree | 得意さ | とくいさ | tokuisa |

### Noun

得(とく)意(い) • (tokui)
* strong point
* triumph
* regular customer

#### Descendants

* → Korean: 도꾸이 (dokku'i, “regular customer (dialectal)”)

### References

* 1 2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN