# ида
## Bulgarian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьti.
A unique characteristic of this verb is that, unlike other cognates, the l-participle stem was regularized from a stem *и́д- (*íd-), used in the present tense and similar forms, instead of being derived from Proto-Slavic *šьd- (cf. Polish szedłem (I went), Russian шёл (šol) (past tense of идти́ (idtí)).
A milder degree of analogy is exhibited in Serbo-Croatian, which, while still having a *šьd-descendant for the l-participle, attached an и- as in the present tense to an older form *шао, *шла, *шло... to form ишао (“went”). Same thing has happened in Ukrainian where one could find these forms йшов, йшла, йшло, йшли.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈidɐ]
* Audio:(file)

### Verb

и́да • (ída) first-singular present indicative, impf
* (intransitive) to go, to proceed, to change position
    Synonyms: хо́дя (hódja), мина́вам (minávam)
* (intransitive, dialectal) to occur, to transpire (of phenomenon)
    иде дъжд ― ide dǎžd ― rain is falling
* (intransitive) (+ dative pronoun) forms a class of subjunctive constructions that imply intent, strife, or feel within the subject to do something
    някому му иде да ... ― njakomu mu ide da ... ― to be going to ...
    Отвътре ми иде да пея.Otvǎtre mi ide da peja.I have an inner urge / feeling to sing.
* (reflexive with си) to go away, to get lost
    иди́ си! ― idí si! ― go away!
* (reflexive with си) to go home, to come home

#### Conjugation
### Verb

и́да • (ída) first-singular present indicative, pf
* (intransitive) to depart, to attend
    ще ида на църква ― šte ida na cǎrkva ― to attend church

#### Derived terms

* и́двам (ídvam) (semelfactive)
* до́йда pf (dójda), дои́ждам impf (doíždam), дои́двам impf (doídvam)
* за́йда pf (zájda), заи́ждам impf (zaíždam), заи́дувам impf (zaíduvam)
* изи́да pf (izída), изи́ждам impf (izíždam) (dialectal)
* на́йда pf (nájda), наи́ждам impf (naíždam), наи́дувам impf (naíduvam)
* оти́да pf (otída), оти́ждам impf (otíždam) (rare), оти́вам impf (otívam)
* по́йда pf (pójda), пои́ждам impf (poíždam), пои́двам impf (poídvam)
* пре́йда pf (préjda), преи́дувам impf (preíduvam) (dialectal)
* прии́да pf (priída), прии́ждам impf (priíždam), прии́двам impf (priídvam)
* про́йда pf (prójda), прои́ждам impf (proíždam) (dialectal)
** пройдо́ха (projdóha, “squanderer”) (Russian loanword)
* рази́да се pf (razída se), рази́ждам се impf (razíždam se)
* и́ден (íden, “incoming”)
** и́днина (ídnina, “future”)
* идом (idom) (obsolete present passive participle)
** непреи́дом (nepreídom, “impassable”) (poetic)

### References

* “ида”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
* “ида”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
* Nayden Gerov (1897) “и́дѫ, -ешь; и́шьлъ несв.”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 174
* Nayden Gerov (1897) “и́дѫ, -ешь; и́дохъ; и́шьлъ св.”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 175
* Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “ида”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 10
* “ити”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024

### Anagrams

* диа- (dia-)