# 嘗試
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chángshì
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng$^4$ si$^3$
* Eastern Min (BUC): siòng-sé̤ṳ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sióng-chhì / siáng-chhì
    (Teochew, Peng'im): sion$^5$ ci$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chángshì
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chángshìh
*** Wade–Giles: chʻang$^2$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: cháng-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charngshyh
*** Palladius: чанши (čanši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$嘗試／尝试 常事 常侍 常是 常識／常识 長逝／长逝
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: soeng$^4$ si$^3$
*** Yale: sèuhng si
*** Cantonese Pinyin: soeng$^4$ si$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sêng$^4$ xi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /sœːŋ²¹ siː³³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siòng-sé̤ṳ
*** Sinological IPA : /suoŋ⁵³⁻²¹ $^{(s-)}$nøy²¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sióng-chhì
*** Tâi-lô: sióng-tshì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siofngchix
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰi⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi²¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siáng-chhì
*** Tâi-lô: siáng-tshì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siafngchix
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰi²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: sion$^5$ ci$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siôⁿ tshì
*** Sinological IPA : /sĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi²¹³/
* Middle Chinese: dzyang syiH
Rime :
| Character | 嘗 | 試 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 市羊切 | 式吏切 |
| Baxter | dzyang | syiH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑɨɐŋ/ | /ɕɨ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɐŋ/ | /ɕɨ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑiɑŋ/ | /ɕie$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑɨaŋ/ | /ɕɨ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiaŋ/ | /ɕiə$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭaŋ/ | /ɕĭə$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʑi̯aŋ/ | /ɕi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | cháng | shì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | soeng$^4$ | si$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.daŋ l̥ək-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*djaŋ hljɯɡs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 嘗 | 試 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | cháng | shì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyang › | ‹ syi$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*Cə.daŋ/ | /*l̥ək-s/ |
| English | taste (v.) | test, try |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 嘗 | 試 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11153 | 14971 |
| Phonetic component | 尚 | 弋 |
| Rime group | 陽 | 代 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 常 | 試 |
| Old Chinese | /*djaŋ/ | /*hljɯɡs/ |
| Notes | 同甞 | |

### Verb

嘗試
* to attempt; to try
       Tāmen wèile jiějué zhège wèntí, chángshì guò gèzhǒng fāngfǎ. [Pinyin]
       They have tried every method to solve this problem.
       Wǒ yīzhí zài chángshì nǔlì, kě jiéguǒ zǒngshì bùjìn rényì. [Pinyin]
       I have been putting in a lot of effort, but the results are always less than satisfactory.
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Wǒ suī bùmǐn, qǐng chángshì zhī. [Pinyin]
    Although I am not clever, I ask that I attempt it.

#### Synonyms

* 企圖／企图 (qǐtú)
* 嘗／尝 (cháng)
* 希圖／希图 (xītú)
* 筶 (Sichuanese)
* 試／试 (shì)
* 試圖／试图 (shìtú)
* 試試／试试 (shìshi) (colloquial)

#### Derived terms

* 嘗試錯誤／尝试错误 (chángshì cuòwù)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 嘗(しょう)試(し) (shōshi)