# 回顧
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huígù
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄍㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wui$^4$ gu$^3$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): fì-ku
    (Meixian, Guangdong): fi$^2$ gu$^4$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hôe-kò͘ / hê-kò͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): huê$^5$ gu$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$we-ku
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huígù
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄍㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huéigù
*** Wade–Giles: hui$^2$-ku$^4$
*** Yale: hwéi-gù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hweiguh
*** Palladius: хуэйгу (xuejgu)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ku⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wui$^4$ gu$^3$
*** Yale: wùih gu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wui$^4$ gu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wui$^4$ gu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuːi̯²¹ kuː³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fì-ku
*** Hakka Romanization System: fi$^ˇ$ gu
*** Hagfa Pinyim: fi$^2$ gu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fi¹¹ ku⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: fi$^2$ gu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /fi¹¹ ku⁵³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôe-kò͘
*** Tâi-lô: huê-kòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoe'kox
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hue²³⁻³³ kɔ²¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /hue¹³⁻²² kɔ²¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /hue²⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hue²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hê-kò͘
*** Tâi-lô: hê-kòo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: he'kox
*** IPA (Taipei): /he²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ¹¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: huê$^5$ gu$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huê kù
*** Sinological IPA : /hue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ku²¹³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$we-ku
*** MiniDict: we$^去$ ku
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$hhue-ku
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦue²² ku⁴⁴/

### Verb

回顧
* to look back
* to look back on; to recall; to review
    回顧過去／回顾过去 ― huígù guòqù ― to look back (into the past)

#### Synonyms

* (to recall):
* 回味 (huíwèi) (to recall something and ponder it)
* 回念 (huíniàn)
* 回想 (huíxiǎng)
* 回憶／回忆 (huíyì)
* 回溯 (huísù)
* 回首 (huíshǒu)
* 思古 (sīgǔ) (literary, to be nostalgic for antiquity)
* 感念 (gǎnniàn) (to recall fondly)
* 感懷／感怀 (gǎnhuái) (to recall with emotion)
* 想起 (xiǎngqǐ)
* 憶／忆 (yì)
* 憶想／忆想 (yìxiǎng)
* 懷古／怀古 (huáigǔ) (literary, to be nostalgic for antiquity)
* 浮想 (fúxiǎng)
* 留戀／留恋 (liúliàn) (to recall with nostalgia)
* 緬想／缅想 (miǎnxiǎng)
* 緬懷／缅怀 (miǎnhuái) (to cherish the memory of, especially the deceased)
* 記／记 (jì)
* 記得／记得 (jìde)
* 記憶／记忆 (jìyì)
* 記起／记起 (jìqǐ)
* 諗起／谂起 (nam$^2$ hei$^2$) (Cantonese)
* 追 (literary, or in compounds)
* 追念 (zhuīniàn)
* 追思 (zhuīsī) (especially the deceased)
* 追想 (zhuīxiǎng)
* 追憶／追忆 (zhuīyì)
* 追懷／追怀 (zhuīhuái)
* 遙想／遥想 (yáoxiǎng)

#### Antonyms

* 展望 (zhǎnwàng)

#### Derived terms

* 回顧展／回顾展 (huígùzhǎn)
* 學術史回顧／学术史回顾 (xuéshùshǐ huígù)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 回 | 顧 |
| かい Grade: 2 | こ Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かいこ [káꜜìkò] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [ka̠iko̞]

### Noun

回(かい)顧(こ) • (kaiko)
* recollection, looking back
* reminiscence

### Verb

回(かい)顧(こ)する • (kaiko suru) transitive suru (stem 回(かい)顧(こ)し (kaiko shi), past 回(かい)顧(こ)した (kaiko shita))
* recollect, look back
* reminisce
** 1937, 倉田百三, 光り合ういのち:
    私(わたし)は幼年(ようねん)のころを回顧(かいこ)して感(かん)じることは、小学校(しょうがっこう)の先生(せんせい)の公平(こうへい)ということだ。
       Watashi wa yōnen no koro o kaiko shite kanjiru koto wa, shōgakkō no sensei no kōhei to iu koto da.
       When I think back on my childhood, I remember how fair my elementary school teacher was.

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 回顧し | かいこし | kaiko shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 回顧し | かいこし | kaiko shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 回顧する | かいこする | kaiko suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 回顧する | かいこする | kaiko suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 回顧すれ | かいこすれ | kaiko sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 回顧せよ¹ 回顧しろ² | かいこせよ¹ かいこしろ² | kaiko seyo¹ kaiko shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 回顧される | かいこされる | kaiko sareru |
| Causative | 回顧させる 回顧さす | かいこさせる かいこさす | kaiko saseru kaiko sasu |
| Potential | 回顧できる | かいこできる | kaiko dekiru |
| Volitional | 回顧しよう | かいこしよう | kaiko shiyō |
| Negative | 回顧しない | かいこしない | kaiko shinai |
| Negative continuative | 回顧せず | かいこせず | kaiko sezu |
| Formal | 回顧します | かいこします | kaiko shimasu |
| Perfective | 回顧した | かいこした | kaiko shita |
| Conjunctive | 回顧して | かいこして | kaiko shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 回顧すれば | かいこすれば | kaiko sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 回 | 顧 |

### Noun

回顧 • (hoego) (hangeul 회고)
* hanja form of 회고 (“reminiscence; reflection (on past events); retrospection”)