# 乞人
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): qǐrén
    (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˇ ㄖㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hat$^1$ jan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qǐrén
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˇ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: cǐrén
*** Wade–Giles: chʻi$^3$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: chǐ-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiiren
*** Palladius: цижэнь (cižɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hat$^1$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: hāt yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hat$^7$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hed$^1$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐt̚⁵ jɐn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: khj+t nyin
Rime :
| Character | 乞 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 迄 (58) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 去迄切 | 如鄰切 |
| Baxter | khj+t | nyin |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰɨt̚/ | /ȵiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰɨt̚/ | /ȵin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰiət̚/ | /ȵʑjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰɨt̚/ | /ȵin/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰiət̚/ | /ȵiĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰĭət̚/ | /ȵʑĭĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kʰi̯ət̚/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | qi | rén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | hat$^1$ | jan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qʰət ni[ŋ]/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰɯd njin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 乞 | 人 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | qǐ | rén |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ khjɨt › | ‹ nyin › |
| Old Chinese | /*C.qʰət/ | /*ni[ŋ]/ |
| English | beg, ask | (other) person |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 乞 | 人 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10082 | 10800 |
| Phonetic component | 乞 | 人 |
| Rime group | 物 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | | 仁 |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰɯd/ | /*njin/ |
| Notes | 氣的轉註字從乞與從氣同 | |

### Noun

乞人
* (literary) beggar
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
    Hū ěr ér yǔ zhī, xíngdào zhī rén fú shòu; cù ěr ér yǔ zhī, qǐrén bùxiè yě. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 乞人, 乞丐, 乞兒, 丐者, 丐 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 乞丐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 要飯的, 要飯兒的, 老花子, 叫花子, 看街的, 抱火盆兒的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 乞丐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Langfang | 要飯的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 要飯的, 要飯花子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 要飯的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 要飯的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 要飯的 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 叫花子, 要飯花子 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 乞丐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 花子 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 要飯的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 要飯的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 要飯的 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 要飯兒的, 叫花子, 要飯的, 花子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 叫花子, 要飯吃的, 靠門傍子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Daming | 要飯吃哩 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 要飯的, 尋饃的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 要飯哩 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 尋口, 要饃饃的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 要飯的 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 抄花子, 討吃, 要乜貼的, 要的吃的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 討吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 討吃, 要飯的 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 要飯的, 要要吃 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 要飯的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 叫花子, 討口子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 告花子, 花子, 討飯的, 要飯的, 乞丐, 討米的, 睡門樓的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 叫化子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 花子, 叫花子, 要飯的 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 討飯佬, 叫化子, 叫化 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 叫花子 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 要飯人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 叫花子, 討飯人 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 花子, 要飯花子, 要飯的 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 花子, 要飯花子, 要飯的, 告花子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Xinghua | 花子, 要飯的, 討飯的 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 告花子, 討飯子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 告殼子 |
| Mandarin | Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) | 化子 |
| Mandarin | Nanping (Yanping) | 叫化子 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 乞兒, 乞兒佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 攞食佬 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 攞食佬 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 乞食佬 male, 乞食婆 female, 乞食仔 young |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 乞耳 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 乞米仔 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 乞米仔 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 乞米仔 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 乞食佬 male, 乞食婆 female, 乞食仔 young |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 攞食佬 |
| Cantonese | Qingyuan | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Fogang | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Yingde (Hanguang) | 架化佬 |
| Cantonese | Yangshan | 乞吃佬 |
| Cantonese | Lianshan (Butian) | 狗化佬 |
| Cantonese | Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) | 叫化佬 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Renhua | 乞兒, 乞兒佬 |
| Cantonese | Lechang | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Sihui | 乞兒佬 |
| Cantonese | Guangning | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Deqing | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Fengkai (Nanfeng) | 乞吃 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Xinxing | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Luoding | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Yunan (Pingtai) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 乞兒, 乞米佬 male, 乞米婆 female |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Maoming (Xinpo) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Lianjiang | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Wuchuan (Wuyang) | 乞兒, 乞兒佬 male, 乞兒婆 female |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 覓吃佬 |
| Cantonese | Beihai | 乞食佬 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 乞兒 |
| Cantonese | Móng Cái | 乞兒 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 告化子, 討飯個 |
| Gan | Pengze | 討飯個 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 告化子, 乞兒 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 告化子, 花子, 討米個 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 告化仔, 討食個 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 告化哩 |
| Hakka | Fengshun (Liuhuang) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 攞食, 攞食佬 male, 攞食婆 female, 攞食仔 young |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) | 攞食 |
| Hakka | Huiyang | 攞食 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) | 攞食仔 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 攞食 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 攞食佬 male, 攞食婆 female, 攞食仔 young |
| Hakka | Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) | 乞食佬, 攞食 |
| Hakka | Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Boluo (Bendihua) | 攞食伊, 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 攞食佬 male, 攞食婆 female, 攞食仔 young |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Shuizhai) | 酌食哩, 乞丐 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Huacheng) | 告化哩, 酌食個, 絡食個 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Changbu) | 告化哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Mianyang) | 絡食哩 |
| Hakka | Wuhua (Meilin) | 絡食哩 |
| Hakka | Heyuan (Bendihua) | 攞食的, 攞食 |
| Hakka | Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) | 告化佬 |
| Hakka | Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) | 攞食哎 |
| Hakka | Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) | 告化 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) | 攞食 |
| Hakka | Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) | 叫化 |
| Hakka | Wengyuan | 討食佬 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 告化子 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) | 叫化 |
| Hakka | Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 狗化公 |
| Hakka | Liannan | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Jiexi | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Luhe | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Changting | 告化子, 告化 |
| Hakka | Wuping | 告化 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Yanqian) | 討食告化 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 告化 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 告化子 |
| Hakka | Ningdu | 教化 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 告化 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 告化 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 告化子 |
| Hakka | Tonggu (Sandu) | 教化子 |
| Hakka | Ganzhou (Panlong) | 教化子 |
| Hakka | Dayu | 討飯佬 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 乞食仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 乞食仔, 教化仔, 打幫仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 乞食仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 乞食, 仙人 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 乞食仔, 乞食 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 乞食 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 攞食佬, 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Yangxi (Tangkou) | 丐米佬 |
| Hakka | Yangchun (Sanjia) | 丐食 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Sihe) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Xinyi (Qianpai) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Gaozhou (Xindong) | 乞兒佬 |
| Hakka | Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) | 乞食佬 |
| Hakka | Huazhou (Xin'an) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Shijiao) | 乞食佬 |
| Hakka | Lianjiang (Qingping) | 乞食佬 |
| Hakka | Mengshan (Xihe) | 乞兒 |
| Hakka | Luchuan | 乞食佬 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 攞食佬 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 乞食 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 討飯仂, 討飯佬 humorous, 討飯鬼 derogatory, 討飯骨 derogatory, 討飯婆 woman |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 討飯唉 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 丐食, 討飯個 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 丐食, 討飯仂 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 討飯漢 |
| Huizhou | Qimen | 討飯個 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 討飯個, 討飯仂 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 討吃吃, 討吃子, 要飯的, 叫花子 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 叫花子 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 討吃子, 要窩窩哩 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 要飯的 |
| Jin | Linhe | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Jining | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Baotou | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 討吃子 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 乞丐 |
| Jin | Handan | 要飯哩 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 化食 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 討飯 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 化食 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Pingnan | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Fuding | 乞食 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 乞食, 分米的, 分食的, 乞食婆 female |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 乞食, 乞食仔 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 乞兒 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Fengshun (Liuhuang) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 乞食 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 乞達 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 乞達 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 乞達 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Fengting) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou (Youyang) | 乞食 |
| Puxian Min | Fuding (Aoyao) | 乞食 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 乞兒 |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Sanxiang) | 乞兒 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 救化子, 乞兒 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 告花子, 癟三 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 掛花子 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 告花子, 癟三 |
| Wu | Danyang | 告花子, 告花嫚嫚 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 叫花子, 討飯子 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 告花子, 討飯 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 丐兒, 討飯丐兒, 討飯人, 取米丐兒, 取米個 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 討飯, 討飯婆 woman |
| Wu | Jinhua (Tangxi) | 討飯老丐兒 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 告化子, 討飯的 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 告化子 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 叫化子, 叫化 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 告化子 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 乞丐 |

#### Descendants

* → Korean: 걸인(乞人) (georin)

### Verb

乞人
* (literary) to ask someone; to beg someone

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 乞 | 人 |

### Noun

乞人 • (geol-in) (hangeul 걸인)
* hanja form of 걸인 (“beggar”)

#### Related terms

* 乞丐 (걸개)
* 流乞 (유걸)
* 流丐 (유개)
* 丐乞 (개걸)