# 為富不仁
## Chinese

| | | because of; for; tobecause of; for; to; act as; take...to be; to be; to do; to serve as; to become | rich; abundant; to enrichrich; abundant; to enrich; resource | not; no | humane; kernel |
| trad. (為富不仁/爲富不仁) | trad. (為富不仁/爲富不仁) | 為/爲 | 富 | 不 | 仁 |
| simp. (为富不仁) | simp. (为富不仁) | 为 | 富 | 不 | 仁 |

### Etymology

From Mencius (《孟子·滕文公上》):
    From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Yáng Hǔ yuē: “Wéi fù bù rén yǐ, wéi rén bù fù yǐ.” [Pinyin]
    Yang Hu said, "He who seeks to be rich will not be benevolent. He who wishes to be benevolent will not be rich."

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wéifùbùrén
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˊ ㄈㄨˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄣˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wai$^4$ fu$^3$ bat$^1$ jan$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wéifùbùrén
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˊ ㄈㄨˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄣˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wéifùbùrén
*** Wade–Giles: wei$^2$-fu$^4$-pu$^4$-jên$^2$
*** Yale: wéi-fù-bù-rén
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: weifuhburen
*** Palladius: вэйфубужэнь (vɛjfubužɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /weɪ̯³⁵ fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wai$^4$ fu$^3$ bat$^1$ jan$^4$
*** Yale: wàih fu bāt yàhn
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wai$^4$ fu$^3$ bat$^7$ jan$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wei$^4$ fu$^3$ bed$^1$ yen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɐi̯²¹ fuː³³ pɐt̚⁵ jɐn²¹/
* Middle Chinese: hjwe|hjweH pjuwH pjuw|pjuwX|pjut nyin
Rime :
| Character | 為 | 為 | 富 | 不 | 不 | 不 | 仁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 云 (35) | 云 (35) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 支 (14) | 支 (14) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) | 物 (60) | 眞 (43) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed | Open | Open | Open | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III | III | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 薳支切 | 于僞切 | 方副切 | 甫鳩切 | 方久切 | 分勿切 | 如鄰切 |
| Baxter | hjwe | hjweH | pjuwH | pjuw | pjuwX | pjut | nyin |
| Reconstructions ||||||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɦˠiuᴇ/ | /ɦˠiuᴇ$^H$/ | /pɨu$^H$/ | /pɨu/ | /pɨu$^X$/ | /pɨut̚/ | /ȵiɪn/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɦʷᵚiɛ/ | /ɦʷᵚiɛ$^H$/ | /piu$^H$/ | /piu/ | /piu$^X$/ | /piut̚/ | /ȵin/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɣiuɛ/ | /ɣiuɛ$^H$/ | /piəu$^H$/ | /piəu/ | /piəu$^X$/ | /piuət̚/ | /ȵʑjen/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɦjwiə̆/ | /ɦjwiə̆$^H$/ | /puw$^H$/ | /puw/ | /puw$^X$/ | /put̚/ | /ȵin/ |
| Li Rong | /ɣjue/ | /ɣjue$^H$/ | /piu$^H$/ | /piu/ | /piu$^X$/ | /piuət̚/ | /ȵiĕn/ |
| Wang Li | /ɣǐwe/ | /ɣǐwe$^H$/ | /pĭəu$^H$/ | /pĭəu/ | /pĭəu$^X$/ | /pĭuət̚/ | /ȵʑĭĕn/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /wie̯/ | /wie̯$^H$/ | /pi̯ə̯u$^H$/ | /pi̯ə̯u/ | /pi̯ə̯u$^X$/ | /pi̯uət̚/ | /ȵʑi̯ĕn/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wéi | wèi | fòu | fōu | fǒu | fu | rén |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wai$^4$ | wai$^6$ | fau$^3$ | fau$^1$ | fau$^2$ | fat$^1$ | jan$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷ(r)aj pək-s pə niŋ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷal pɯɡs pɯ|pɯʔ|pɯ' njin/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 為 | 富 | 不 | 仁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | wéi | fù | bù | rén |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ hjwe › | ‹ pjuw$^H$ › | ‹ pjuw › | ‹ nyin › |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷ(r)aj/ | /*pək-s/ | /*pə/ | /*niŋ/ |
| English | make, do, act as | rich; wealth | not | kind |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 為 | 富 | 不 | 不 | 不 | 仁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| No. | | 3372 | 1025 | 1029 | 1048 | 10801 |
| Phonetic component | 爲 | 畐 | 不 | 不 | 不 | 人 |
| Rime group | 歌 | 代 | 之 | 之 | 物 | 眞 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 爲 | 富 | 不 | 缶 | 弗 | 仁 |
| Old Chinese | /*ɢʷal/ | /*pɯɡs/ | /*pɯ/ | /*pɯʔ/ | /*pɯ'/ | /*njin/ |
| Notes | 俗爲字 | | | 象花柎與本同源 | 中古才促化 | |

### Idiom

為富不仁
* to be rich and cruel; to be rich and heartless
    From: 1925, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《中國社會各階級的分析》 (Analysis of the Classes in Chinese Society), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition
    Tāmen yǒudiǎn màrén le, mà yángrén jiào “yángguǐzi”, mà jūnfá jiào “qiǎngqián sīlìng”, mà tǔháo lièshēn jiào “wéifùbùrén”. [Pinyin]
    They become rather abusive, denouncing the foreigners as “foreign devils”, the warlords as “robber generals” and the local tyrants and evil gentry as “the heartless rich”.