# 噬

| 噬 | U+566C, &#22124; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-566C |
| ← 噫 [U+566B] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 噭 → [U+566D] |

## Translingual
### Han character

噬 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口竹一人 (RHMO), four-corner 6801$_8$, composition ⿰口筮)
* bite
* gnaw
* snap at

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 210, character 10
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4382
* Dae Jaweon: page 433, character 1
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 692, character 5
* Unihan data for U+566C

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 噬 | *djads |
| 筮 | *djads |
| 簭 | *djads |
| 澨 | *djads |
| 遾 | *djads |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *djads) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 筮 (OC *djads).

### Etymology

Sagart (2021c) revises the Old Chinese reconstruction as *m-tet-s, from volitional prefix *m- + a root *tet-s (“to bite”), from which 瘈 (OC *k(ə)-tet-s, “mad; rabid (dog)”) also derives.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shì (shi$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sai$^6$ / sai$^4$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): sai$^4$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): sṳ
    (Meixian, Guangdong): si$^4$
* Eastern Min (BUC): siê
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): sē / sī
    (Teochew, Peng'im): si$^7$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zy
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shì
*** Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
*** Wade–Giles: shih$^4$
*** Yale: shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
*** Palladius: ши (ši)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sai$^6$ / sai$^4$
*** Yale: saih / sàih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sai$^6$ / sai$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: sei$^6$ / sei$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐi̯²²/, /sɐi̯²¹/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: sai$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /sai²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ
*** Hakka Romanization System: sii
*** Hagfa Pinyim: si$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: si$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁵³/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: siê
*** Sinological IPA : /siɛ²⁴²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sē
*** Tâi-lô: sē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: se
*** IPA (Xiamen): /se²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /se⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
*** Tâi-lô: sī
*** Phofsit Daibuun: si
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²²/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: si$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sī
*** Sinological IPA : /si¹¹/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^6$zy
*** MiniDict: zy$^去$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^3$zr
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/
* Middle Chinese: dzyejH
Rime :
| Character | 噬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) |
| Final (韻) | 祭 (35) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 時制切 |
| Baxter | dzyejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑiᴇi$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiɛi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑjæi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑiaj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiɛi$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭɛi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʑi̯ɛi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]e[t]-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*djads/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 噬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyej$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[d]e[t]-s/ |
| English | bite (v.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 噬 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 11657 |
| Phonetic component | 筮 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 逝 |
| Old Chinese | /*djads/ |

### Definitions

噬
* to bite; to gnaw

### Compounds

* 侵噬
* 內噬／内噬
* 反噬 (fǎnshì)
* 含噬
* 吞噬 (tūnshì)
* 吞噬細胞／吞噬细胞 (tūnshì xìbāo)
* 咋噬
* 咥噬
* 咬噬
* 哮噬
* 啗噬
* 啖噬
* 噉噬
* 噬人菌
* 噬吞
* 噬嗑 (shìhé)
* 噬指
* 噬指棄薪／噬指弃薪
* 噬搏
* 噬攫
* 噬犬
* 噬狗
* 噬胾
* 噬膚／噬肤
* 噬臍／噬脐
* 噬臍何及／噬脐何及
* 噬臍無及／噬脐无及
* 噬臍莫及／噬脐莫及
* 噬菌體／噬菌体 (shìjūntǐ)
* 噬螫
* 噬負／噬负
* 噬賢／噬贤
* 噬逆
* 噬齊／噬齐
* 噬齧／噬啮
* 嚙噬／啮噬
* 屠噬
* 巨噬細胞／巨噬细胞 (jùshìxìbāo)
* 援噬
* 搏噬
* 擇肥而噬／择肥而噬
* 攫噬
* 柢噬
* 橫噬／横噬
* 毒噬
* 犴噬
* 狂噬
* 狼吞虎噬
* 狼噬
* 狼餐虎噬
* 獸困則噬／兽困则噬
* 笑口噬噬
* 肥噬
* 臍噬／脐噬
* 虎噬
* 螫噬
* 貓噬鸚鵡／猫噬鹦鹉
* 蹠犬噬堯／蹠犬噬尧
* 騰噬／腾噬
* 鯨吞虎噬／鲸吞虎噬
* 鯨吞蛇噬／鲸吞蛇噬
* 鷙擊狼噬／鸷击狼噬
* 鷹揚虎噬／鹰扬虎噬
* 齕噬／龁噬
* 齧噬／啮噬

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* On (unclassified): ぜい (zei)
* Kun: かむ (kamu)

## Korean
### Hanja

噬 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

噬: Hán Nôm readings: phè
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.