# thatha
## Northern Ndebele
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata.

### Verb

-thátha
* to take

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Southern Ndebele
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata.

### Verb

-thátha
* to take
* to marry

#### Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

## Xhosa
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata.

### Verb

-thátha
* to take

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata. The proposed semantic change is from "choose" (see -tha) to "take".

### Verb

-thátha
* to take, receive, lay hold of
* to begin, commence
* to keep
* to marry, take a wife

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukuthatha |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuthatha | ukungathathi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | thatha | -thathe |
| Plural | thathani | -thatheni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyathatha, ngithatha | engithathayo, engithatha | ngithatha | angithathi | engingathathi | ngingathathi |
| 2nd singular | uyathatha, uthatha | othathayo, othatha | uthatha | awuthathi | ongathathi | ungathathi |
| 1st plural | siyathatha, sithatha | esithathayo, esithatha | sithatha | asithathi | esingathathi | singathathi |
| 2nd plural | niyathatha, nithatha | enithathayo, enithatha | nithatha | anithathi | eningathathi | ningathathi |
| Class 1 | uyathatha, uthatha | othathayo, othatha | ethatha | akathathi | ongathathi | engathathi |
| Class 2 | bayathatha, bathatha | abathathayo, abathatha | bethatha | abathathi | abangathathi | bengathathi |
| Class 3 | uyathatha, uthatha | othathayo, othatha | uthatha | awuthathi | ongathathi | ungathathi |
| Class 4 | iyathatha, ithatha | ethathayo, ethatha | ithatha | ayithathi | engathathi | ingathathi |
| Class 5 | liyathatha, lithatha | elithathayo, elithatha | lithatha | alithathi | elingathathi | lingathathi |
| Class 6 | ayathatha, athatha | athathayo, athatha | ethatha | awathathi | angathathi | engathathi |
| Class 7 | siyathatha, sithatha | esithathayo, esithatha | sithatha | asithathi | esingathathi | singathathi |
| Class 8 | ziyathatha, zithatha | ezithathayo, ezithatha | zithatha | azithathi | ezingathathi | zingathathi |
| Class 9 | iyathatha, ithatha | ethathayo, ethatha | ithatha | ayithathi | engathathi | ingathathi |
| Class 10 | ziyathatha, zithatha | ezithathayo, ezithatha | zithatha | azithathi | ezingathathi | zingathathi |
| Class 11 | luyathatha, luthatha | oluthathayo, oluthatha | luthatha | aluthathi | olungathathi | lungathathi |
| Class 14 | buyathatha, buthatha | obuthathayo, obuthatha | buthatha | abuthathi | obungathathi | bungathathi |
| Class 15 | kuyathatha, kuthatha | okuthathayo, okuthatha | kuthatha | akuthathi | okungathathi | kungathathi |
| Class 17 | kuyathatha, kuthatha | okuthathayo, okuthatha | kuthatha | akuthathi | okungathathi | kungathathi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngithathile, ngithathē | engithathile, engithathē | ngithathile, ngithathē | angithathanga | engingathathanga | ngingathathanga |
| 2nd singular | uthathile, uthathē | othathile, othathē | uthathile, uthathē | awuthathanga | ongathathanga | ungathathanga |
| 1st plural | sithathile, sithathē | esithathile, esithathē | sithathile, sithathē | asithathanga | esingathathanga | singathathanga |
| 2nd plural | nithathile, nithathē | enithathile, enithathē | nithathile, nithathē | anithathanga | eningathathanga | ningathathanga |
| Class 1 | uthathile, uthathē | othathile, othathē | ethathile, ethathē | akathathanga | ongathathanga | engathathanga |
| Class 2 | bathathile, bathathē | abathathile, abathathē | bethathile, bethathē | abathathanga | abangathathanga | bengathathanga |
| Class 3 | uthathile, uthathē | othathile, othathē | uthathile, uthathē | awuthathanga | ongathathanga | ungathathanga |
| Class 4 | ithathile, ithathē | ethathile, ethathē | ithathile, ithathē | ayithathanga | engathathanga | ingathathanga |
| Class 5 | lithathile, lithathē | elithathile, elithathē | lithathile, lithathē | alithathanga | elingathathanga | lingathathanga |
| Class 6 | athathile, athathē | athathile, athathē | ethathile, ethathē | awathathanga | angathathanga | engathathanga |
| Class 7 | sithathile, sithathē | esithathile, esithathē | sithathile, sithathē | asithathanga | esingathathanga | singathathanga |
| Class 8 | zithathile, zithathē | ezithathile, ezithathē | zithathile, zithathē | azithathanga | ezingathathanga | zingathathanga |
| Class 9 | ithathile, ithathē | ethathile, ethathē | ithathile, ithathē | ayithathanga | engathathanga | ingathathanga |
| Class 10 | zithathile, zithathē | ezithathile, ezithathē | zithathile, zithathē | azithathanga | ezingathathanga | zingathathanga |
| Class 11 | luthathile, luthathē | oluthathile, oluthathē | luthathile, luthathē | aluthathanga | olungathathanga | lungathathanga |
| Class 14 | buthathile, buthathē | obuthathile, obuthathē | buthathile, buthathē | abuthathanga | obungathathanga | bungathathanga |
| Class 15 | kuthathile, kuthathē | okuthathile, okuthathē | kuthathile, kuthathē | akuthathanga | okungathathanga | kungathathanga |
| Class 17 | kuthathile, kuthathē | okuthathile, okuthathē | kuthathile, kuthathē | akuthathanga | okungathathanga | kungathathanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāthatha | engāthatha | ngāthatha | angithathanga | engingathathanga | ngingathathanga |
| 2nd singular | wāthatha | owāthatha | wāthatha | awuthathanga | ongathathanga | ungathathanga |
| 1st plural | sāthatha | esāthatha | sāthatha | asithathanga | esingathathanga | singathathanga |
| 2nd plural | nāthatha | enāthatha | nāthatha | anithathanga | eningathathanga | ningathathanga |
| Class 1 | wāthatha | owāthatha | āthatha | akathathanga | ongathathanga | engathathanga |
| Class 2 | bāthatha | abāthatha | bāthatha | abathathanga | abangathathanga | bengathathanga |
| Class 3 | wāthatha | owāthatha | wāthatha | awuthathanga | ongathathanga | ungathathanga |
| Class 4 | yāthatha | eyāthatha | yāthatha | ayithathanga | engathathanga | ingathathanga |
| Class 5 | lāthatha | elāthatha | lāthatha | alithathanga | elingathathanga | lingathathanga |
| Class 6 | āthatha | āthatha | āthatha | awathathanga | angathathanga | engathathanga |
| Class 7 | sāthatha | esāthatha | sāthatha | asithathanga | esingathathanga | singathathanga |
| Class 8 | zāthatha | ezāthatha | zāthatha | azithathanga | ezingathathanga | zingathathanga |
| Class 9 | yāthatha | eyāthatha | yāthatha | ayithathanga | engathathanga | ingathathanga |
| Class 10 | zāthatha | ezāthatha | zāthatha | azithathanga | ezingathathanga | zingathathanga |
| Class 11 | lwāthatha | olwāthatha | lwāthatha | aluthathanga | olungathathanga | lungathathanga |
| Class 14 | bāthatha | obāthatha | bāthatha | abuthathanga | obungathathanga | bungathathanga |
| Class 15 | kwāthatha | okwāthatha | kwāthatha | akuthathanga | okungathathanga | kungathathanga |
| Class 17 | kwāthatha | okwāthatha | kwāthatha | akuthathanga | okungathathanga | kungathathanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingathatha | — | ngingathatha | ngingethathe | — | ngingethathe |
| 2nd singular | ungathatha | — | ungathatha | ungethathe | — | ungethathe |
| 1st plural | singathatha | — | singathatha | singethathe | — | singethathe |
| 2nd plural | ningathatha | — | ningathatha | ningethathe | — | ningethathe |
| Class 1 | angathatha | — | engathatha | angethathe | — | engethathe |
| Class 2 | bangathatha | — | bengathatha | bangethathe | — | bengethathe |
| Class 3 | ungathatha | — | ungathatha | ungethathe | — | ungethathe |
| Class 4 | ingathatha | — | ingathatha | ingethathe | — | ingethathe |
| Class 5 | lingathatha | — | lingathatha | lingethathe | — | lingethathe |
| Class 6 | angathatha | — | engathatha | angethathe | — | engethathe |
| Class 7 | singathatha | — | singathatha | singethathe | — | singethathe |
| Class 8 | zingathatha | — | zingathatha | zingethathe | — | zingethathe |
| Class 9 | ingathatha | — | ingathatha | ingethathe | — | ingethathe |
| Class 10 | zingathatha | — | zingathatha | zingethathe | — | zingethathe |
| Class 11 | lungathatha | — | lungathatha | lungethathe | — | lungethathe |
| Class 14 | bungathatha | — | bungathatha | bungethathe | — | bungethathe |
| Class 15 | kungathatha | — | kungathatha | kungethathe | — | kungethathe |
| Class 17 | kungathatha | — | kungathatha | kungethathe | — | kungethathe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizothatha | engizothatha | ngizothatha | angizuthatha | engingezuthatha | ngingezuthatha |
| 2nd singular | uzothatha | ozothatha | uzothatha | awuzuthatha | ongezuthatha | ungezuthatha |
| 1st plural | sizothatha | esizothatha | sizothatha | asizuthatha | esingezuthatha | singezuthatha |
| 2nd plural | nizothatha | enizothatha | nizothatha | anizuthatha | eningezuthatha | ningezuthatha |
| Class 1 | uzothatha | ozothatha | ezothatha | akazuthatha | ongezuthatha | engezuthatha |
| Class 2 | bazothatha | abazothatha | bezothatha | abazuthatha | abangezuthatha | bengezuthatha |
| Class 3 | uzothatha | ozothatha | uzothatha | awuzuthatha | ongezuthatha | ungezuthatha |
| Class 4 | izothatha | ezothatha | izothatha | ayizuthatha | engezuthatha | ingezuthatha |
| Class 5 | lizothatha | elizothatha | lizothatha | alizuthatha | elingezuthatha | lingezuthatha |
| Class 6 | azothatha | azothatha | ezothatha | awazuthatha | angezuthatha | engezuthatha |
| Class 7 | sizothatha | esizothatha | sizothatha | asizuthatha | esingezuthatha | singezuthatha |
| Class 8 | zizothatha | ezizothatha | zizothatha | azizuthatha | ezingezuthatha | zingezuthatha |
| Class 9 | izothatha | ezothatha | izothatha | ayizuthatha | engezuthatha | ingezuthatha |
| Class 10 | zizothatha | ezizothatha | zizothatha | azizuthatha | ezingezuthatha | zingezuthatha |
| Class 11 | luzothatha | oluzothatha | luzothatha | aluzuthatha | olungezuthatha | lungezuthatha |
| Class 14 | buzothatha | obuzothatha | buzothatha | abuzuthatha | obungezuthatha | bungezuthatha |
| Class 15 | kuzothatha | okuzothatha | kuzothatha | akuzuthatha | okungezuthatha | kungezuthatha |
| Class 17 | kuzothatha | okuzothatha | kuzothatha | akuzuthatha | okungezuthatha | kungezuthatha |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyothatha | engiyothatha | ngiyothatha | angiyuthatha | engingeyuthatha | ngingeyuthatha |
| 2nd singular | uyothatha | oyothatha | uyothatha | awuyuthatha | ongeyuthatha | ungeyuthatha |
| 1st plural | siyothatha | esiyothatha | siyothatha | asiyuthatha | esingeyuthatha | singeyuthatha |
| 2nd plural | niyothatha | eniyothatha | niyothatha | aniyuthatha | eningeyuthatha | ningeyuthatha |
| Class 1 | uyothatha | oyothatha | eyothatha | akayuthatha | ongeyuthatha | engeyuthatha |
| Class 2 | bayothatha | abayothatha | beyothatha | abayuthatha | abangeyuthatha | bengeyuthatha |
| Class 3 | uyothatha | oyothatha | uyothatha | awuyuthatha | ongeyuthatha | ungeyuthatha |
| Class 4 | iyothatha | eyothatha | iyothatha | ayiyuthatha | engeyuthatha | ingeyuthatha |
| Class 5 | liyothatha | eliyothatha | liyothatha | aliyuthatha | elingeyuthatha | lingeyuthatha |
| Class 6 | ayothatha | ayothatha | eyothatha | awayuthatha | angeyuthatha | engeyuthatha |
| Class 7 | siyothatha | esiyothatha | siyothatha | asiyuthatha | esingeyuthatha | singeyuthatha |
| Class 8 | ziyothatha | eziyothatha | ziyothatha | aziyuthatha | ezingeyuthatha | zingeyuthatha |
| Class 9 | iyothatha | eyothatha | iyothatha | ayiyuthatha | engeyuthatha | ingeyuthatha |
| Class 10 | ziyothatha | eziyothatha | ziyothatha | aziyuthatha | ezingeyuthatha | zingeyuthatha |
| Class 11 | luyothatha | oluyothatha | luyothatha | aluyuthatha | olungeyuthatha | lungeyuthatha |
| Class 14 | buyothatha | obuyothatha | buyothatha | abuyuthatha | obungeyuthatha | bungeyuthatha |
| Class 15 | kuyothatha | okuyothatha | kuyothatha | akuyuthatha | okungeyuthatha | kungeyuthatha |
| Class 17 | kuyothatha | okuyothatha | kuyothatha | akuyuthatha | okungeyuthatha | kungeyuthatha |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngithathe | ngingathathi |
| 2nd singular | uthathe | ungathathi |
| 1st plural | sithathe | singathathi |
| 2nd plural | nithathe | ningathathi |
| Class 1 | athathe | angathathi |
| Class 2 | bathathe | bangathathi |
| Class 3 | uthathe | ungathathi |
| Class 4 | ithathe | ingathathi |
| Class 5 | lithathe | lingathathi |
| Class 6 | athathe | angathathi |
| Class 7 | sithathe | singathathi |
| Class 8 | zithathe | zingathathi |
| Class 9 | ithathe | ingathathi |
| Class 10 | zithathe | zingathathi |
| Class 11 | luthathe | lungathathi |
| Class 14 | buthathe | bungathathi |
| Class 15 | kuthathe | kungathathi |
| Class 17 | kuthathe | kungathathi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngathatha | ngangathatha, angathatha, angangathatha |
| 2nd singular | wathatha | wangathatha, awathatha, awangathatha |
| 1st plural | sathatha | sangathatha, asathatha, asangathatha |
| 2nd plural | nathatha | nangathatha, anathatha, anangathatha |
| Class 1 | wathatha | wangathatha, akathatha, akangathatha |
| Class 2 | bathatha | bangathatha, abathatha, abangathatha |
| Class 3 | wathatha | wangathatha, awathatha, awangathatha |
| Class 4 | yathatha | yangathatha, ayathatha, ayangathatha |
| Class 5 | lathatha | langathatha, alathatha, alangathatha |
| Class 6 | athatha | angathatha, awathatha, awangathatha |
| Class 7 | sathatha | sangathatha, asathatha, asangathatha |
| Class 8 | zathatha | zangathatha, azathatha, azangathatha |
| Class 9 | yathatha | yangathatha, ayathatha, ayangathatha |
| Class 10 | zathatha | zangathatha, azathatha, azangathatha |
| Class 11 | lwathatha | lwangathatha, alwathatha, alwangathatha |
| Class 14 | bathatha | bangathatha, abathatha, abangathatha |
| Class 15 | kwathatha | kwangathatha, akwathatha, akwangathatha |
| Class 17 | kwathatha | kwangathatha, akwathatha, akwangathatha |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “thatha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “thatha (3.9)”