# 德行
## Chinese
### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): déxíng, déxìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ, ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): dak$^1$ hang$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tet-hen
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tek-hēng / tiak-hēng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: déxíng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: désíng
*** Wade–Giles: tê$^2$-hsing$^2$
*** Yale: dé-syíng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dershyng
*** Palladius: дэсин (dɛsin)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: déxìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: désìng
*** Wade–Giles: tê$^2$-hsing$^4$
*** Yale: dé-syìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dershinq
*** Palladius: дэсин (dɛsin)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$德性 德行
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: dak$^1$ hang$^6$
*** Yale: dāk hahng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dak$^7$ hang$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: deg$^1$ heng$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /tɐk̚⁵ hɐŋ²²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tet-hen
*** Hakka Romanization System: ded$^ˋ$ hen
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ded$^5$ hen$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /tet̚² hen⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tek-hēng
*** Tâi-lô: tik-hīng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: dekheng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ hiɪŋ²²/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hiɪŋ²²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiak-hēng
*** Tâi-lô: tiak-hīng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: diakheng
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ hiɪŋ⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: tok haengH
Rime :
| Character | 德 | 行 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 4/4 |
| Initial (聲) | 端 (5) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 德 (131) | 庚 (109) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | II |
| Fanqie | 多則切 | 下更切 |
| Baxter | tok | haengH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /tək̚/ | /ɦˠæŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /tək̚/ | /ɦᵚaŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /tək̚/ | /ɣaŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /tək̚/ | /ɦaɨjŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /tək̚/ | /ɣɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /tək̚/ | /ɣɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /tək̚/ | /ɣɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | de | hèng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | dak$^1$ | hang$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤək [ɡ]ˤraŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*tɯːɡ ɡraːŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 德 | 行 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 3/3 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | dé | xíng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tok › | ‹ hæng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*tˁək/ | /*[ɡ]ˁraŋ-s/ |
| English | virtue | action |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 德 | 行 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 4/4 |
| No. | 17266 | 13876 |
| Phonetic component | 直 | 行 |
| Rime group | 職 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 德 | 行 |
| Old Chinese | /*tɯːɡ/ | /*ɡraːŋs/ |

#### Noun

德行
* morality; moral integrity; honourable conduct
    敗壞德行／败坏德行 ― bàihuài déxíng ― depravity

##### Descendants

* → Korean: 덕행(德行) (deokhaeng)
* → Vietnamese: đức hạnh (德行)

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): déxing, déxìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄉㄜˊ ˙ㄒㄧㄥ, ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: déxing
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ˙ㄒㄧㄥ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: dési̊ng
*** Wade–Giles: tê$^2$-hsing$^5$
*** Yale: dé-sying
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: der.shing
*** Palladius: дэсин (dɛsin)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ³/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: déxìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: désìng
*** Wade–Giles: tê$^2$-hsing$^4$
*** Yale: dé-syìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dershinq
*** Palladius: дэсин (dɛsin)
*** Sinological IPA : /tɤ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$德性 德行

#### Noun

德行
* (colloquial) disagreeable behaviour or appearance
    alt. forms: 德性