# κάθημαι
## Ancient Greek
### Alternative forms

* κᾰτῆμαι (katêmai) — Ionic

### Etymology

From κᾰτᾰ- (kata-, “down”) +‎ ἧμαι (hêmai, “to sit”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ká.tʰɛː.mai̯/ → /ˈka.θi.mɛ/ → /ˈka.θi.me/
* (5th BCE Attic) IPA: /ká.tʰɛː.mai̯/
* (1st CE Egyptian) IPA: /ˈka.tʰe̝.mɛ/
* (4th CE Koine) IPA: /ˈka.θi.mɛ/
* (10th CE Byzantine) IPA: /ˈka.θi.me/
* (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA: /ˈka.θi.me/

### Verb

κᾰ́θημαι • (káthēmai)
* to be seated
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.191
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.407
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.82
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.207
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.448
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.497
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.530
** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 466
** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.420
** 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 411
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.83
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.118
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.73
** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.149
** 458 BCE, Euripides, Electra 315
** 412 BCE, Euripides, Helen 1084
** 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 773
** 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 328C
** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.5.54
** Alciphron, Collected Works 3.27
** 430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 55
** 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 266
** 430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 394
** to be seated in court
*** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, Collected Works 18.13
*** 344 BCE – 343 BCE, Demosthenes, Second Philippic 3
*** 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 208
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.85
*** 400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 35C
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Theocrines 25
*** 440 BCE – 390 BCE, Andocides, Collected Works 6.42
*** 361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 116
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 5.10.5
*** Hegesipp., Ἀδελφ. 1.29
*** (present participle) οἱ καθήμενοι (kathḗmenoi): the judges
** to sit still, sit quietly, sit idly, do nothing
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.264
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.76
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.45
*** 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 380
*** 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.403
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.134
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.124
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Reply to Philip 17
*** 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.20
*** 408 BCE, Euripides, The Phoenician Women 752
** to lead a sedentary, obscure life
*** 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 1.133, (compare Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 919)
*** 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Oeconomicus 4.2
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.86
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Timotheus 42, (compare Against Stephanus 1 33)
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Neaera 67
*** 389 BCE – 314 BCE, Aeschines, Collected Works 6.18
** (of people) to be settled
*** 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.63
** (of things) to be set or placed
*** 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 215A
*** 5th century BC, Telecleides, Sterrhoi 2
*** 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Mechanics 5.3

#### Inflection

The perfect and pluperfect function as the verb's present and imperfect tenses. The missing tenses are supplied by καθέζομαι, καθίζω, καθίζομαι.

#### Synonyms

* κᾰθέζομαι (kathézomai), ἕζομαι (hézomai, “sit oneself, sit down”)
* κᾰ́θημαι (káthēmai), ἧμαι (hêmai, “to be seated”)
* κᾰθῐζᾰ́νω (kathizánō), ῐ̔ζᾰ́νω (hizánō, “to cause to sit, to sit down”)
* κᾰθῐ́ζω (kathízō), ῐ̔́ζω (hízō, “to cause to sit, to sit down”)

#### Related terms

* καθέδρα (kathédra)

#### Descendants

* Greek: κάθομαι (káthomai, “to sit”)

### References

* “κάθημαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* “κάθημαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
* “κάθημαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
* κάθημαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
* κάθημαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
* “κάθημαι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
* G2521 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
* Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part II: Inflection”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 790