# チャック
## Japanese
### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) チャック [cháꜜkkù] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [t͡ɕa̠k̚kɯ̟]

### Etymology 1

Derived from the chaku portion of the term 巾(きん)着(ちゃく) (kinchaku, “kinchaku”), possibly in reference to an early use of zippers in Japan as closures for kinchaku. Originally a trademark, sold in Japan under this trademark from around 1927.
First cited to 1946, but considering the history, likely in use a couple decades earlier.
See also 線ファスナー on the Japanese Wikipedia.Wikipedia $^{ja}$
While unrelated to チャック (chakku) in reference to mechanical devices, both share an underlying sense of "fastening".

#### Noun

チャック • (chakku)
* [from 1946, possibly from 1927] a zipper, a zip fastener
    チャックのスライダー
       chakku no suraidā
       slider of a zipper

##### Synonyms

* ファスナー (fasunā, “fastener”, general reference, may include other fasteners)
* 線(せん)ファスナー (sen fasunā, “line fastener”, more specifically, not including other fasteners)
* ジッパー (jippā, “zipper”)
* ジップファスナー (jippu fasunā, “zip fastener”)

### Etymology 2

Borrowing from English chuck.
First cited to 1948.
While unrelated to チャック (chakku) in reference to zippers, both share an underlying sense of "fastening".

#### Noun

チャック • (chakku)
* [from 1948] a chuck: a kind of clamp on a drill, lathe, or other spinning mechanical device that holds an object in place, such as a bit or other tool, or the object to be worked on
    Synonym: チャック装置 (chakku sōchi, literally “chuck device”)

#### Verb

チャックする • (chakku suru) suru (stem チャックし (chakku shi), past チャックした (chakku shita))
* [after 1948] to chuck: to fasten an object into place using a chuck

##### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | チャックし | chakku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | チャックし | chakku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | チャックする | chakku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | チャックする | chakku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | チャックすれ | chakku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | チャックせよ¹ チャックしろ² | chakku seyo¹ chakku shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | チャックされる | chakku sareru |
| Causative | チャックさせる チャックさす | chakku saseru chakku sasu |
| Potential | チャックできる | chakku dekiru |
| Volitional | チャックしよう | chakku shiyō |
| Negative | チャックしない | chakku shinai |
| Negative continuative | チャックせず | chakku sezu |
| Formal | チャックします | chakku shimasu |
| Perfective | チャックした | chakku shita |
| Conjunctive | チャックして | chakku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | チャックすれば | chakku sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* 1 2 3 4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 4 “チャック”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
* ↑ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
* ↑ “ファスナー”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014
* ↑ “ファスナー”, in 百科事典マイペディア (Hyakka Jiten Maipedia, “Encyclopedia Mypedia”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2009
* ↑ “チャック”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months