# 孤單
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Standard)
       (Pinyin): gūdān
       (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ
    (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гўдан (gwdan, II-I)
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gu$^1$ daan$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): 'gu$^1$ dan$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kû-tân
* Eastern Min (BUC): gŭ-dăng
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ko͘-toaⁿ / ko͘-tan
    (Teochew, Peng'im): gou$^1$ duan$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$ku-te
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: gūdān
*** Zhuyin: ㄍㄨ ㄉㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: gudan
*** Wade–Giles: ku$^1$-tan$^1$
*** Yale: gū-dān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gudan
*** Palladius: гудань (gudanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$估單／估单 孤單／孤单
** (Dungan)
*** Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гўдан (gwdan, II-I)
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵¹ tæ̃²⁴/
    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gu$^1$ daan$^1$
*** Yale: gū dāan
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gu$^1$ daan$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gu$^1$ dan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kuː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: 'gu$^1$ dan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ˈku⁴² tan⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kû-tân
*** Hakka Romanization System: gu$^ˊ$ dan$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gu$^1$ dan$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /ku²⁴⁻¹¹ tan²⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: gŭ-dăng
*** Sinological IPA : /ku⁵⁵ $^{(t-)}$laŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘-toaⁿ
*** Tâi-lô: koo-tuann
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ko'dvoaf
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ³³ tuã³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Singapore): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tuã⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tuã⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Philippines, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘-tan
*** Tâi-lô: koo-tan
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ko'dafn
*** IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /kɔ³³ tan³³/
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ tan⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁴⁴⁻²² tan⁴⁴/
* ko͘-toaⁿ - common in Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taiwan;
* ko͘-tan - common in Quanzhou.

### Adjective

孤單
* lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
* weak; powerless

#### Synonyms

* (lonely):
* 俗 (Hokkien)
* 孤孑 (gūjié) (literary)
* 孤寂 (gūjì)
* 孤獨／孤独 (gūdú)
* 寂寞 (jìmò)
* 寂寥 (jìliáo)
* 挑另 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 索寞 (suǒmò) (literary or Eastern Min)
* 落寞 (luòmò)
* (weak):
* 冉弱 (rǎnruò) (literary)
* 單薄／单薄 (dānbó)
* 孱弱 (chánruò) (literary)
* 弱 (ruò)
* 微弱 (wēiruò)
* 柔弱 (róuruò)
* 瘦弱 (shòuruò)
* 瘦瘠 (shòují)
* 羸弱 (léiruò)
* 脆弱 (cuìruò)
* 荏弱 (Hokkien)
* 薄弱 (bóruò)
* 虛弱／虚弱 (xūruò)
* 虛荏／虚荏 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 虛虧／虚亏 (xūkuī)
* 虧弱／亏弱 (kuīruò)
* 衰弱 (shuāiruò)
* 軟弱／软弱 (ruǎnruò)
* 軟蔫蔫／软蔫蔫 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 軟䭕／软𬲕 (Hokkien, Teochew)
* 雌 (cí) (literary)
* 體弱／体弱 (tǐruò)

### Adverb

孤單
* (Southern Min) only; just; alone

#### Synonyms

* 一塌括子 ($^7$iq-thaeq$_7$-khuaeq$_7$-tsy$_3$) (Suzhounese)
* 僅僅／仅仅 (jǐnjǐn)
* 儷是／俪是 (nâ-sê) (Eastern Min)
* 則是／则是 (zéshì) (archaic)
* 只
* 只係／只系 (zi$^2$ hai$^6$) (Cantonese)
* 只是 (zhǐshì)
* 單純／单纯 (dānchún)
* 孤啊 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 干焦 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
* 徒然 (túrán)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 孤 | 單 |

### Adjective

孤單
* chữ Hán form of cô đơn (“lonely”).