# ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ
## Coptic
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Alternative forms

* ⲛⲱϩⲉ (nōhe) — Sahidic
* ⲛⲟⲩϩ (nouh) — Sahidic, Akhmimic, Bohairic, Fayyumic
* ⲛⲟϩ (noh) — Bohairic
* ⲛⲟⲩ (nou) — Sahidic, Fayyumic

#### Verb

ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ • (nouhe) (nominal state ⲛⲉϩ-, pronominal state (S, B) ⲛⲁϩ⸗, (A) ⲛⲁⲩϩ⸗, (B) ⲛⲉϩ⸗, stative (S, B) ⲛⲏϩ or ⲛⲉϩ)
* (Sahidic, transitive) to shake, cast off, set apart, separate
* (Sahidic, intransitive) to be shaken out
* (Sahidic, reflexive) to separate oneself, turn, return

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nouhe | imperative | affirmative | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nouhe |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tm̄nouhe | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pr̄nouhe |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tinouhe | ⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ knouhe | ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tenouhe | ϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ fnouhe | ⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ snouhe | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tn̄nouhe | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tetn̄nouhe | ⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ senouhe | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nouhe |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eïnouhe | ⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eknouhe | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ erenouhe | ⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ efnouhe | ⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ esnouhe | ⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ennouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eunouhe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ere- nouhe |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etinouhe | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etk̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etenouhe, eterenouhe | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etf̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ets̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etn̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etounouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etere- nouhe |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neïnouhe | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neknouhe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nerenouhe | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nefnouhe | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nesnouhe | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nennouhe | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ netetn̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neunouhe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nere- nouhe |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tinanouhe | ⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ knanouhe | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tenanouhe | ϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ fnanouhe | ⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ snanouhe | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tn̄nanouhe | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tetnanouhe | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ senanouhe | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nanouhe |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eïnanouhe | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eknanouhe | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ erenanouhe | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ efnanouhe | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ esnanouhe | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ennanouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etetnanouhe | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eunanouhe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ere- nanouhe |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etinanouhe | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etk̄nanouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etenanouhe, eterenanouhe | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etf̄nanouhe | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ets̄nanouhe | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etn̄nanouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etetnanouhe | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etounanouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etere- nanouhe |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neïnanouhe | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neknanouhe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nerenanouhe | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nefnanouhe | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nesnanouhe | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nennanouhe | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ netetnanouhe | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neunanouhe | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nere- nanouhe |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ aïnouhe | ⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ aknouhe | ⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ anouhe, arnouhe, arenouhe | ⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ afnouhe | ⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ asnouhe | ⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ annouhe | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ atetn̄nouhe | ⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ aunouhe | ⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ a- nouhe |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pinouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pk̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄penouhe, m̄pr̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pf̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄ps̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pn̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄petn̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pounouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pe- nouhe |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eaïnouhe | ⲉⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eaknouhe | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eanouhe, earnouhe, earenouhe | ⲉⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eafnouhe | ⲉⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ easnouhe | ⲉⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eannouhe | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eatetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eaunouhe | ⲉⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ea- nouhe |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄pinouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄pk̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄penouhe, em̄pr̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄pf̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄ps̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄pn̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄petn̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄pounouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄pe- nouhe |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ entaïnouhe, n̄taïnouhe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ entaknouhe, n̄taknouhe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ entanouhe, n̄tanouhe, entarnouhe, n̄tarnouhe, entarenouhe, n̄tarenouhe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ entafnouhe, n̄tafnouhe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ entasnouhe, n̄tasnouhe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ entannouhe, n̄tannouhe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ entatetn̄nouhe, n̄tatetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ entaunouhe, n̄taunouhe | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ enta- nouhe, n̄ta- nouhe |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄pinouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄pk̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄penouhe, etem̄pr̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄pf̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄ps̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄pn̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄petn̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄pounouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄pe- nouhe |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neaïnouhe | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neaknouhe | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neanouhe, nearnouhe, nearenouhe | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neafnouhe | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neasnouhe | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neannouhe | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neatetn̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ neaunouhe | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nea- nouhe |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄pinouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄pk̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄penouhe, nem̄pr̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄pf̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄ps̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄pn̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄petn̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄pounouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄pe- nouhe |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄taïnouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄taknouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tanouhe, n̄tarnouhe, n̄tarenouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tafnouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tasnouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tannouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tatetn̄nouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄taunouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄ta- nouhe |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄patinouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄patk̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄patenouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄patf̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pats̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄patn̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄patetn̄nouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄patounouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pate- nouhe |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄patinouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄patk̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄patenouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄patf̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄pats̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄patn̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄patetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄patounouhe | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ em̄pate- nouhe |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄patinouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄patk̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄patenouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄patf̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄pats̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄patn̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄patetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄patounouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etem̄pate- nouhe |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄patinouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄patk̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄patenouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄patf̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄pats̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄patn̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄patetn̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄patounouhe | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nem̄pate- nouhe |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šaïnouhe | ϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šaknouhe | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šarenouhe | ϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šafnouhe | ϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šasnouhe | ϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šannouhe | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šatetn̄nouhe | ϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šaunouhe | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šare- nouhe |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ meïnouhe | ⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ meknouhe | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ merenouhe | ⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ mefnouhe | ⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ mesnouhe | ⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ mennouhe | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ metetn̄nouhe | ⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ meunouhe | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ mere- nouhe |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ešaïnouhe | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ešaknouhe | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ešarenouhe | ⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ešafnouhe | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ešasnouhe | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ešannouhe | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ešatetn̄nouhe | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ešaunouhe | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ešare- nouhe |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emeïnouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emeknouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emerenouhe | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emefnouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emesnouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emennouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emetetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emeunouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emere- nouhe |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etešaïnouhe, ešaïnouhe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etešaknouhe, ešaknouhe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etešarenouhe, ešarenouhe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etešafnouhe, ešafnouhe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etešasnouhe, ešasnouhe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etešannouhe, ešannouhe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etešatetn̄nouhe, ešatetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etešaunouhe, ešaunouhe | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etešare- nouhe, ešare- nouhe |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etemeïnouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etemeknouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etemerenouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etemefnouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etemesnouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etemennouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etemetetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etemeunouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etemere- nouhe |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nešaïnouhe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nešaknouhe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nešarenouhe | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nešafnouhe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nešasnouhe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nešannouhe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nešatetn̄nouhe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nešaunouhe | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nešare- nouhe |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nemeïnouhe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nemeknouhe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nemerenouhe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nemefnouhe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nemesnouhe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nemennouhe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nemetetn̄nouhe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nemeunouhe | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ nemere- nouhe |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emeïnouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emeknouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emerenouhe | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emefnouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emesnouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emennouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emetetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emeunouhe | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ emere- nouhe |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eïenouhe | ⲉⲕⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ekenouhe | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ erenouhe | ⲉϥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ efenouhe | ⲉⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ esenouhe | ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ enenouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etetnenouhe | ⲉⲩⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ euenouhe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ere- nouhe |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄nanouhe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄neknouhe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄nenouhe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄nefnouhe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄nesnouhe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄nennouhe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄netn̄nouhe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄neunouhe | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄ne- nouhe |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ marinouhe | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ marefnouhe | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ maresnouhe | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ marn̄nouhe | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ marounouhe | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ mare- nouhe |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pr̄tranouhe | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pr̄trefnouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pr̄tresnouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pr̄trennouhe | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pr̄treunouhe | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ m̄pr̄tre- nouhe |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tanouhe, tanouhe | ⲛ̄ⲅⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄gnouhe, n̄knouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tenouhe | ⲛ̄ϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄fnouhe | ⲛ̄ⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄snouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tn̄nouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tetn̄nouhe | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄senouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄te- nouhe |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tarinouhe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tareknouhe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tarenouhe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tarefnouhe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ taresnouhe | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tarn̄nouhe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ taretn̄nouhe | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tarounouhe | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ tare- nouhe |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄terinouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tereknouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄terenouhe, n̄terernouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄terefnouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄teresnouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tern̄nouhe, n̄terennouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄teretn̄nouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄terounouhe | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ n̄tere- nouhe |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šantinouhe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šantk̄nouhe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šantenouhe | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šantf̄nouhe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šants̄nouhe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šantn̄nouhe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šantetn̄nouhe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šantounouhe | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ šante- nouhe |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eïšannouhe | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ekšannouhe | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eršannouhe, erešannouhe | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ efšannouhe | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ esšannouhe | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ enšannouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etetn̄šannouhe | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eušannouhe | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eršan- nouhe |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eïnouhe | ⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eknouhe | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ erenouhe | ⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ efnouhe | ⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ esnouhe | ⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ennouhe | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ etetn̄nouhe | ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ eunouhe | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ere- nouhe |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

##### Derived terms

* ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ (nouhe ebol, “shake off; come apart”)+
* ⲛⲉϩⲙⲁⲕϩ (nehmakh, “be stiff-necked”)
* ⲛⲉϩϣⲗϥ (nehšlf, “terror; be terrified”)

### Etymology 2
#### Alternative forms

* ⲛⲟⲩϩⲓ (nouhi) — Bohairic, Fayyumic

#### Noun

ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ • (nouhe) f
* (Sahidic) sycamore

### References

* TLA lemma no. C2651 (ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),
* TLA lemma no. C2654 (ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),
* Marcion Coptic dictionary