# 先天下之憂而憂，後天下之樂而樂
## Chinese

| | | Show concern before the world does; enjoy yourself after the world does | under heaven; the world; everything under the skyunder heaven; the world; everything under the sky; all under heaven | 's; him/her/it; this | worried | and; as well as; but (not)and; as well as; but (not); yet (not); (shows causal relation); (shows change of state); (shows contrast) | worried | | back; behind; rearback; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later | under heaven; the world; everything under the skyunder heaven; the world; everything under the sky; all under heaven | 's; him/her/it; this | music; happy; laughmusic; happy; laugh; cheerful | and; as well as; but (not)and; as well as; but (not); yet (not); (shows causal relation); (shows change of state); (shows contrast) | music; happy; laughmusic; happy; laugh; cheerful |
| trad. (先天下之憂而憂，後天下之樂而樂) | trad. (先天下之憂而憂，後天下之樂而樂) | 先 | 天下 | 之 | 憂 | 而 | 憂 | ， | 後 | 天下 | 之 | 樂 | 而 | 樂 |
| simp. (先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐) | simp. (先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐) | 先 | 天下 | 之 | 忧 | 而 | 忧 | ， | 后 | 天下 | 之 | 乐 | 而 | 乐 |

### Etymology

From Yueyang Lou Ji by 范仲淹 (Fan Zhongyan):
    然則何時而樂耶？其必曰：「先天下之憂而憂，後天下之樂而樂」歟！ [Classical Chinese, trad.]然则何时而乐耶？其必曰：「先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐」欤！ [Classical Chinese, simp.]From: 范仲淹 (Fan Zhongyan), 《岳陽樓記》Ránzé héshí ér yuè yē? Qí bì yuē: “Xiān tiānxià zhī yōu ér yōu, hòu tiānxià zhī yuè ér yuè” yú! [Pinyin]So when will they be joyful? They will surely say, "Be concerned before the world is, and be joyful only after the world is joyful."

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiān tiānxià zhī yōu ér yōu, hòu tiānxià zhī lè ér lè
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓ ㄧㄡ ㄦˊ ㄧㄡ , ㄏㄡˋ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓ ㄌㄜˋ ㄦˊ ㄌㄜˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sin$^1$ tin$^1$ haa$^6$ zi$^1$ jau$^1$ ji$^4$ jau$^1$, hau$^6$ tin$^1$ haa$^6$ zi$^1$ lok$^6$ ji$^4$ lok$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiān tiānxià zhī yōu ér yōu, hòu tiānxià zhī lè ér lè
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓ ㄧㄡ ㄦˊ ㄧㄡ , ㄏㄡˋ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓ ㄌㄜˋ ㄦˊ ㄌㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: sian tiansià jhih you ér you, hòu tiansià jhih lè ér lè
*** Wade–Giles: hsien$^1$ tʻien$^1$-hsia$^4$ chih$^1$ yu$^1$ êrh$^2$ yu$^1$, hou$^4$ tʻien$^1$-hsia$^4$ chih$^1$ lê$^4$ êrh$^2$ lê$^4$
*** Yale: syān tyān-syà jr̄ yōu ér yōu-, hòu tyān-syà jr̄ lè ér lè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shian tianshiah jy iou erl iou, how tianshiah jy leh erl leh
*** Palladius: сянь тянься чжи ю эр ю, хоу тянься чжи лэ эр лэ (sjanʹ tjanʹsja čži ju er ju, xou tjanʹsja čži lɛ er lɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ joʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ joʊ̯⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sin$^1$ tin$^1$ haa$^6$ zi$^1$ jau$^1$ ji$^4$ jau$^1$, hau$^6$ tin$^1$ haa$^6$ zi$^1$ lok$^6$ ji$^4$ lok$^6$
*** Yale: sīn tīn hah jī yāu yìh yāu, hauh tīn hah jī lohk yìh lohk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sin$^1$ tin$^1$ haa$^6$ dzi$^1$ jau$^1$ ji$^4$ jau$^1$, hau$^6$ tin$^1$ haa$^6$ dzi$^1$ lok$^9$ ji$^4$ lok$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xin$^1$ tin$^1$ ha$^6$ ji$^1$ yeo$^1$ yi$^4$ yeo$^1$, heo$^6$ tin$^1$ ha$^6$ ji$^1$ log$^6$ yi$^4$ log$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːn⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵ haː²² t͡siː⁵⁵ jɐu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹ jɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯²² tʰiːn⁵⁵ haː²² t͡siː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² jiː²¹ lɔːk̚²/

### Idiom

先天下之憂而憂，後天下之樂而樂
* be the first to show concern, and the last to enjoy comforts