# refringir
## Catalan
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin refringere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central, Balearic) [rə.fɾiɲˈʒi]
* IPA: (Valencia) [re.fɾiɲˈd͡ʒiɾ]

### Verb

refringir (first-person singular present refringeixo, first-person singular preterite refringí, past participle refringit)
* to refract
    Synonym: refractar

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | refringir | refringir | refringir | refringir | refringir |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | refringint | refringint | refringint | refringint | refringint |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | refringit | refringit | refringida | refringida |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | refringits | refringits | refringides | refringides |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| indicative | present | refringeixo | refringeixes | refringeix | refringim | refringiu | refringeixen |
| indicative | imperfect | refringia | refringies | refringia | refringíem | refringíeu | refringien |
| indicative | future | refringiré | refringiràs | refringirà | refringirem | refringireu | refringiran |
| indicative | preterite | refringí | refringires | refringí | refringírem | refringíreu | refringiren |
| indicative | conditional | refringiria | refringiries | refringiria | refringiríem | refringiríeu | refringirien |
| subjunctive | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| subjunctive | present | refringeixi | refringeixis | refringeixi | refringim | refringiu | refringeixin |
| subjunctive | imperfect | refringís | refringissis | refringís | refringíssim | refringíssiu | refringissin |
| imperative | | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès |
| imperative | affirmative | — | refringeix | refringeixi | refringim | refringiu | refringeixin |
| imperative | negative (no) | — | no refringeixis | no refringeixi | no refringim | no refringiu | no refringeixin |

### Further reading

* “refringir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

## Spanish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin refringere. Cognate with English refringe.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /refɾinˈxiɾ/ [re.fɾĩŋˈxiɾ]
* Rhymes: -iɾ
* Syllabification: re‧frin‧gir

### Verb

refringir (first-person singular present refrinjo, first-person singular preterite refringí, past participle refringido)
* (transitive, physics, archaic) to refringe, to refract
    Synonym: refractar
    La luz refringida de las paredes.The light refringed off the walls.
** 1781, Benito Bails, Elementos de Matemática, page 457:Supongamos que el rayo violaceo contenido en el rayo heterogeneo FD […] sea refringido en la direccion DK; […]Suppose that the violet ray contained in the heterogeneous ray FD […] is refringed in the direction DK; […]
** 1849, Pedro Mata y Fontanet, Sinopsis Filosófica de la Química, page 454:Solo son refrangibles, ó solo refringen la luz, los cuerpos simples gaseosos y cristalinos de cristalizacion regular y de poco peso específico; los opacos no refringen la luz.Only simple gaseous and crystalline bodies with regular crystallization and little specific weight are refractible, or only refringe light; the opaque ones do not refringe the light.
** 1911, Juan Chiabra, Luis José Chorroarín, Elías del Carmen, La Enseñanza de la Filosofía en la Época Colonial, page 320:[…] en la segunda, pues, se refringen cuando se hacen divergentes, es decir, se dispersan y se extienden; pero, estas retracciones se oponen diametralmente; luego, etc. […] in the second, then, they refringe when they become divergent, that is, they disperse and extend; but, these retractions are diametrically opposed; then, etc.
* (transitive, figuratively, archaic) to reflect, to mirror, to show
** 1894, José Carvajal Hué, Los Anarquistas en Madrid, Madrid, Spain, page 7:Su conciencia refringe el bien de distinta manera que le refringe la mía; pero estí refracción produce el único lazo que hay entre ellos y yo: la misma intransigencia.Their conscience refringes the good in a different way than mine refringes; but this refraction produces the only bond that there is between them and me: the same intransigence.

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | refringir | refringir | refringir | refringir | refringir |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | refringiendo | refringiendo | refringiendo | refringiendo | refringiendo |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | refringido | refringido | refringida | refringida |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | refringidos | refringidos | refringidas | refringidas |
| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| | | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person |
| indicative | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| indicative | present | refrinjo | refringes$^{tú}$ refringís$^{vos}$ | refringe | refringimos | refringís | refringen |
| indicative | imperfect | refringía | refringías | refringía | refringíamos | refringíais | refringían |
| indicative | preterite | refringí | refringiste | refringió | refringimos | refringisteis | refringieron |
| indicative | future | refringiré | refringirás | refringirá | refringiremos | refringiréis | refringirán |
| indicative | conditional | refringiría | refringirías | refringiría | refringiríamos | refringiríais | refringirían |
| subjunctive | | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes |
| subjunctive | present | refrinja | refrinjas$^{tú}$ refrinjás$^{vos2}$ | refrinja | refrinjamos | refrinjáis | refrinjan |
| subjunctive | imperfect (ra) | refringiera | refringieras | refringiera | refringiéramos | refringierais | refringieran |
| subjunctive | imperfect (se) | refringiese | refringieses | refringiese | refringiésemos | refringieseis | refringiesen |
| subjunctive | future$^1$ | refringiere | refringieres | refringiere | refringiéremos | refringiereis | refringieren |
| imperative | | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes |
| imperative | affirmative | | refringe$^{tú}$ refringí$^{vos}$ | refrinja | refrinjamos | refringid | refrinjan |
| imperative | negative | | no refrinjas | no refrinja | no refrinjamos | no refrinjáis | no refrinjan |
$^1$Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language. $^2$Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

### Further reading

“refringir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014