# 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽
## Gothic
### Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sankwijaną (“to cause to sink”). Cognate to Old English senċan and Old Norse søkkva.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈsankʷ.jan/, [ˈsaŋkʷ.jan]

### Noun

𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽 • (saggqjan)
* (hapax) to plunge (to thrust into water, or into any substance that is penetrable; to immerse) [with 𐌹𐌽 (in, + accusative) ‘into something’]
** 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: First Epistle to Timothy (Codex Ambrosianus B) 6.9:𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌰𐍄𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌹𐌽 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌿𐌱𐌽𐌾𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌿𐌽𐌷𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌻𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌻𐌿𐍃𐍄.aþþan þaiei wileina gabigai wairþan atdriusand in fraistubnja jah hlamma unhulþins jah lustuns managans unnutjans jah skaþulans, þaiei saggqjand mans in frawardein jah fralust.But they that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and hurtful lusts, which drown men in destruction and perdition. (KJV).

#### Usage notes

This lemma is only attested with the radical consonant cluster 𐌲𐌲𐌵 for the more usual 𐌲𐌵 (which appears i.a. in the hencefrom derived 𐌿𐍆𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ufsagqjan)); these clusters are pronounced identically.

#### Conjugation

Class 1 weak :
| Infinitive | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽 saggqjan | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽 saggqjan | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽 saggqjan |
| Indicative | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰 saggqja | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌰 saggqida | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 saggqjada |
| 2nd singular | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐍃 saggqeis | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃 saggqidēs | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰 saggqjaza |
| 3rd singular | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐌸 saggqeiþ | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌰 saggqida | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰 saggqjada |
| 1st dual | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐍉𐍃 saggqjōs | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿 saggqidēdu | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 saggqjats | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃 saggqidēduts | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌼 saggqjam | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼 saggqidēdum | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 saggqjanda |
| 2nd plural | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐌸 saggqeiþ | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸 saggqidēduþ | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 saggqjanda |
| 3rd plural | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳 saggqjand | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 saggqidēdun | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 saggqjanda |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | Present passive |
| 1st singular | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌿 saggqjau | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿 saggqidēdjau | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 saggqjaidau |
| 2nd singular | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃 saggqjais | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 saggqidēdeis | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿 saggqjaizau |
| 3rd singular | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹 saggqjai | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹 saggqidēdi | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿 saggqjaidau |
| 1st dual | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 saggqjaiwa | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 saggqidēdeiwa | — |
| 2nd dual | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 saggqjaits | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 saggqidēdeits | — |
| 1st plural | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 saggqjaima | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 saggqidēdeima | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 saggqjaindau |
| 2nd plural | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 saggqjaiþ | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 saggqidēdeiþ | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 saggqjaindau |
| 3rd plural | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 saggqjaina | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 saggqidēdeina | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 saggqjaindau |
| Imperative | | | |
| 2nd singular | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹 saggqei | | |
| 3rd singular | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 saggqjadau | | |
| 2nd dual | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃 saggqjats | | |
| 2nd plural | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐌸 saggqeiþ | | |
| 3rd plural | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 saggqjandau | | |
| | Present | Past | |
| Participles | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 saggqjands | 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌸𐍃 saggqiþs | |

#### Derived terms

* 𐌿𐍆𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ufsagqjan, “to swallow up”)

#### Related terms

* 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌰 (saggqa, “west”)
* 𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽 (sigqan, “to sink”)

### References

* ↑ Timothy I chapter 6 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium. Last modified on 2005-03-30 by TDH.

### Further reading

* Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 113