# 羞辱
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiūrǔ, xiūrù
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡ ㄖㄨˇ, ㄒㄧㄡ ㄖㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sau$^1$ juk$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siû-yu̍k
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siu-jio̍k / siu-lio̍k
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, Mainland)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiūrǔ
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ ㄖㄨˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siourǔ
*** Wade–Giles: hsiu$^1$-ju$^3$
*** Yale: syōu-rǔ
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiouruu
*** Palladius: сюжу (sjužu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiūrù
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡ ㄖㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siourù
*** Wade–Giles: hsiu$^1$-ju$^4$
*** Yale: syōu-rù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiouruh
*** Palladius: сюжу (sjužu)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ʐu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sau$^1$ juk$^6$
*** Yale: sāu yuhk
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sau$^1$ juk$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seo$^1$ yug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐu̯⁵⁵ jʊk̚²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siû-yu̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: xiu$^ˊ$ iug
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xiu$^1$ yug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /si̯u²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯uk̚⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siû-yu̍k
*** Hakka Romanization System: xiu$^ˊ$ (r)iug
*** Hagfa Pinyim: xiu$^1$ yug$^6$
*** Sinological IPA: /si̯u²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯uk̚⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siu-jio̍k
*** Tâi-lô: siu-jio̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siujiok
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɔk̚¹²¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siu-lio̍k
*** Tâi-lô: siu-lio̍k
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siuliok
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siu³³ liɔk̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siu⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siu⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/
* Middle Chinese: sjuw nyowk
Rime :
| Character | 羞 | 辱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 日 (38) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 燭 (8) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 息流切 | 而蜀切 |
| Baxter | sjuw | nyowk |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sɨu/ | /ȵɨok̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /siu/ | /ȵiok̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /siəu/ | /ȵʑiok̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /suw/ | /ȵuawk̚/ |
| Li Rong | /siu/ | /ȵiok̚/ |
| Wang Li | /sĭəu/ | /ȵʑĭwok̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /si̯ə̯u/ | /ȵʑi̯wok̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiū | rù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sau$^1$ | juk$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-nu nok/
    (Zhengzhang): /*snu njoɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 羞 | 辱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | xiū | rǔ |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ sjuw › | ‹ nyowk › |
| Old Chinese | /*s-nu/ | /*nok/ |
| English | shame | disgrace |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 羞 | 辱 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1524 | 10877 |
| Phonetic component | 丑 | 辱 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 屋 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 脩 | 辱 |
| Old Chinese | /*snu/ | /*njoɡ/ |

### Noun

羞辱
* humiliation; shame
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Fùmǔ suī mò, jiāng wéi shàn, sī yí fùmǔ lìngmíng, bì guǒ; jiāng wéi bùshàn, sī yí fùmǔ xiūrǔ, bì bùguǒ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Synonyms

* 屈辱 (qūrǔ)
* 恥辱／耻辱 (chǐrǔ)
* 羞恥／羞耻 (xiūchǐ)

### Verb

羞辱
* to humiliate; to put to shame
    當眾羞辱／当众羞辱 ― dāngzhòng xiūrǔ ― public humiliation

#### Synonyms

* 侵辱 (qīnrǔ) (literary)
* 侮辱
* 凌辱 (língrǔ)
* 暴辱 (Xiamen Hokkien)
* 污 (wū)
* 糟質／糟质 (zou$^1$ zat$^1$) (Cantonese)
* 糟蹋 (zāotà)