# 何方
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): héfāng
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄈㄤ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ho$^4$ fong$^1$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hô-hong
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: héfāng
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄈㄤ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: héfang
*** Wade–Giles: ho$^2$-fang$^1$
*** Yale: hé-fāng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: herfang
*** Palladius: хэфан (xɛfan)
*** Sinological IPA : /xɤ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ho$^4$ fong$^1$
*** Yale: hòh fōng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ho$^4$ fong$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ho$^4$ fong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔː²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô-hong
*** Tâi-lô: hô-hong
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hoi'hofng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ho²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ho²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

### Noun

何方
* (literary) where

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese | 何, 何處, 何許, 何所, 何方, 安 |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 哪裡, 何處, 什麼地方 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 哪兒, 哪兒合兒 colloquial, 哪合兒 colloquial |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 哪裡, 哪 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Ulanhot | 哪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tongliao | 哪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 哪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 哪兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 哪兒, 哪疙兒, 哪疙瘩, 哪海兒, 哪塊兒, 哪場兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 哪兒, 哪塊兒 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 哪裡 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 哪裡 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 哪兒, 哪兒合兒 colloquial, 哪合兒 colloquial |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 哪, 哪裡 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 哪兒, 哪裡, 哪場兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 哪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 哪達, 哪那 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 哪兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 哪搭兒, 哪搭 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 哪裡 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 哪來, 哪下, 哪點兒 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 哪塌, 哪塌兒, 哪呢 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) | 哪塌, 哪呢 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 哪點, 哪裡 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Bayanhot | 哪兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 哪達, 哪達裡, 哪達兒 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 哪達 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 哪兒, 啥子地方, 哪跟前, 哪點兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 哪裡, 啥裡, 哪歇, 哪塊, 哪塊歇, 啥塊, 啥塊些 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 哪點 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 哪點兒 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 哪塏 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 哪裡, 哪, 哪塏, 哪位子, 哪塊, 哪甿 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Shanglin (Sanli) | 哪點 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) | 哪裡, 哪塊子 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 哪塊, 哪裡, 哪兒 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 哪塊, 哪 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 哪對過, 哪腳下 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 哪格子, 哪蒿子, 哪塊子, 哪塊 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Huanggang | 哪下兒 |
| Mandarin | Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle) | 哪點 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 邊度, 邊處, 邊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 邊度, 邊處, 邊 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 選頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 選處 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 哪頭 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 哪埞 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 哪度 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 哪處 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 星處 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 邊呢 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 邊處 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 邊 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 哪 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 邊子 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 邊子 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 哪埞, 哪 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 哪 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 哪 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 唔址 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 邊處, 鼠處 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Dapeng) | 哪廳 |
| Cantonese | Shaoguan | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Yunfu | 邊埞 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 邊, 邊處, 邊處塗 |
| Cantonese | Xinyi | 庶 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 邊笪埞, 邊笪, 邊啲 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 邊啲, 邊笪, 邊笪埞方 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 邊度 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 邊度, 邊, 邊處 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 邊度 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 哪裡 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 哪咑 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 哪裡 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 哪仔, 哪滴 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 哪裡 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 哪呢 |
| Hakka | Huidong (Daling) | 哪等 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 哪定 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 哪定 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 哪聽 |
| Hakka | Shaoguan (Qujiang) | 哪子 |
| Hakka | Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) | 哪望 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 哪定 |
| Hakka | Changting | 哪塊, 哪塊哩, 哪裡, 哪裡哩, 哪角 |
| Hakka | Wuping (Pingyu) | 哪子 |
| Hakka | Liancheng | 哪裡, 哪角 |
| Hakka | Ninghua | 何個, 台角 |
| Hakka | Ruijin | 哪, 哪營子 |
| Hakka | Shicheng | 哪裡 |
| Hakka | Shangyou (Shexi) | 哪當 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 哪位, 哪仔 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 哪仔, 哪, 哪跡仔 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 哪位, 哪仔 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 哪位, 哪 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 哪位, 哪仔 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Hong Kong | 哪裡, 哪埞 |
| Hakka | Sabah (Longchuan) | 哪埞 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 哪位 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 哪圍 |
| Hakka | Singkawang | 阿位 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 哪塊, 哪個許塊 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 哪個落地 |
| Huizhou | Huangshan (Tunxi) | 哪裡 |
| Huizhou | Xiuning | 哪裡 |
| Huizhou | Yixian | 哪個背兒 |
| Huizhou | Wuyuan | 何落 |
| Huizhou | Shitai (Xianyu) | 哪裡 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 哪裡, 哪兒家 |
| Jin | Pingyao | 哪兒, 哪底下 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Taibus (Baochang) | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Linhe | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Jining | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Baotou | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Dongsheng | 哪兒 |
| Jin | Haibowan | 哪兒 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 呢底 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou (Dikou) | 呢底 |
| Northern Min | Songxi | 呢底 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe | 呢搭底 |
| Northern Min | Zhenghe (Zhenqian) | 哪底, 哪 |
| Northern Min | Jianyang | 哪角底, 哪角 |
| Northern Min | Wuyishan | 哪地 |
| Northern Min | Pucheng (Shibei) | 呢底 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 底所, 底塊 dated or rural |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou (Changle) | 底所 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 佗落, 途位 |
| Eastern Min | Pingtan | 佗落 |
| Eastern Min | Yongtai | 底所 |
| Eastern Min | Gutian | 底塊 |
| Eastern Min | Fu'an | 底塊 |
| Eastern Min | Ningde | 底塊 |
| Eastern Min | Shouning | 底位穴, 底位 |
| Eastern Min | Zhouning | 底塊 |
| Eastern Min | Matsu | 底所 |
| Eastern Min | Singapore (Fuqing) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 佗落, 佗, 佗一位, 佗位, 佗一帶, 佗帶 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen (Tong'an) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 佗落, 佗, 佗一位, 底帶 |
| Southern Min | Jinjiang | 佗落, 佗一位, 底落 |
| Southern Min | Nan'an | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Shishi | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Hui'an | 佗搭, 佗, 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Anxi | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Yongchun | 佗落, 寡 |
| Southern Min | Dehua | 佗落仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 佗落仔, 佗落, 佗位仔, 佗位, 佗, 佗一位 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 佗落仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou (Changtai) | 佗落仔, 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Hua'an | 佗仔, 佗位仔 |
| Southern Min | Nanjing | 佗落仔 |
| Southern Min | Pinghe | 佗落, 佗一位, 佗位, 底位 |
| Southern Min | Zhangpu | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Yunxiao | 底仔 |
| Southern Min | Zhao'an | 底位, 底落 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 底位 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 佗位, 佗位仔 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 佗, 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 佗落, 佗落位 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Longyan | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping | 佗落, 佗位 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 佗落 |
| Southern Min | Datian | 底窟 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 哪裡 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chaoyang) | 底囝 |
| Southern Min | Jieyang | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Haifeng | 底帶 |
| Southern Min | Bangkok (Teochew) | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 底一塊 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Pontianak (Teochew) | 底塊 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 底跡 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 帶 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 乜帶, 底帶, 底幅帶, 乜地方, 底內 |
| Southern Min | Qionghai | 帶寺 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 帶 |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 佗落 |
| Puxian Min | Xianyou | 底跡, 底落, 佗落 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 哪啲, 哪甿 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 哪裡 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 阿裡, 阿裡搭, 阿裡頭, 啥地方, 啥個地方, 啥場化 dated, 啥個場化 dated |
| Wu | Shanghai (Songjiang) | 何旦, 何裡旦 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Qingpu) | 哈戶蕩 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Jiading) | 何裡浪, 何浪 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 哪墩, 何墩 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 啥場化, 哪搭 |
| Wu | Wuxi | 羅裡搭葛, 羅搭 |
| Wu | Danyang | 哪裡 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 哪裡 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 阿裡, 阿𡍲, 焉𡍲, 啥地方, 啥塢探, 啥塢宕 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 狃宕, 狃柢, 狃, 若宕, 若柢 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 哪裡, 哪汏 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 哪裡, 何至, 哪當 |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | 哪當 |
| Xiang | Loudi | 哪裡 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 哪裡 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 哪裡 |

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 何 | 方 |
| ど Grade: 2 | ちら Grade: 2 |
| irregular ||
The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓); borrowed from Chinese 何 + 方.
* This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From where comes the "chira" suffix in 何方(どちら) (dochira), 此方(こちら) (kochira), and 彼方(あちら) (achira); & the "nata" suffix in 何方(どなた) (donata), 此方(こなた) (konata), and 彼方(かなた) (kanata)?
* I (second person) would like to point out that it seems that the 「ど」seems to be a result of a sound shift, and comparison with the other pronouns, like the other interrogatives, and also that the word is a jukujikan, and that 「ちら」is not a suffix: rather, it would seem that the word formed from “izu”(?) (interrogative) + “chi” (directional) + “ra” (about, around), and thereafter the jukujikan was assigned to fit the word, with the meaning of “what direction”, instead of “about which direction?”.”

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) どちら [dóꜜchìrà] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [do̞t͡ɕiɾa̠]

#### Pronoun

何(ど)方(ちら) • (dochira)
* which way?
* which one? (of two alternatives)

##### Usage notes

The hiragana spelling (どちら) is preferred to the kanji spelling (何方), which is rarely used.

##### See also

| | ko- “this” (close to speaker) | so- “that” (close to listener) | a- “that over there” (far from both) | do- “which” (indeterminate, question) |
| Object | これ (kore) | それ (sore) | あれ (are) | どれ (dore) |
| Object | これら (korera) | それら (sorera) | あれら (arera) | — |
| Determiner | この (kono) | その (sono) | あの (ano) | どの (dono) |
| Determiner | これらの (korera no) | それらの (sorera no) | あれらの (arera no) | — |
| Kind | こんな (konna) | そんな (sonna) | あんな (anna) | どんな (donna) |
| Kind | こういう (kō iu) | そういう (sō iu) | ああいう (ā iu) | どういう (dō iu) |
| Place | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あそこ (asoko)* | どこ (doko) |
| Place | こっから (kokkara) | そっから (sokkara) | — | どっから (dokkara) |
| Direction / Human | こちら (kochira) | そちら (sochira) | あちら (achira) | どちら (dochira) |
| Direction / Human | こなた (konata) | そなた (sonata) | あなた (anata) | どなた (donata) |
| Direction | こっち (kotchi) | そっち (sotchi) | あっち (atchi) | どっち (dotchi) |
| Human | こいつ (koitsu)$^†$ | そいつ (soitsu)$^†$ | あいつ (aitsu)$^†$ | どいつ (doitsu)$^†$ |
| Manner | こう (kō) | そう (sō) | ああ (ā)** | どう (dō) |
| Degree | これくらい (kore kurai) | それくらい (sore kurai) | あれくらい (are kurai) | どれくらい (dore kurai) |
| Degree | これだけ (kore dake) | それだけ (sore dake) | あれだけ (are dake) | どれだけ (dore dake) |
| Degree | これほど (kore hodo) | それほど (sore hodo) | あれほど (are hodo) | どれほど (dore hodo) |
| * irregular ** regular (long vowel) † potentially rude or derogatory |||||

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 何 | 方 |
| ど Grade: 2 | なた Grade: 2 |
| irregular ||

#### Pronoun

何(ど)方(なた) • (donata)
* (honorific) who?
** 2007, 新時代日漢辭典／新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局／大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
    あの方(かた)は何(ど)方(なた)様(さま)ですか
       anokata wa donata-sama desu ka
       Who is that gentleman

##### Usage notes

The hiragana spelling (どなた) is preferred to the kanji spelling (何方).

##### Synonyms

* 誰(だれ) (dare) (plain)

### Etymology 3

Kanji in this term :
| 何 | 方 |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 2 |
| irregular ||
/iduti/ → /izuti/. Compound of interrogative pronoun いづ (izu) and directional suffix ち (chi).

#### Pronoun

何方(いずち) • (izuchi)
* indefinite interrogative directional pronoun; which direction, where
** late 10th century, Taketori Monogatari:
    「「龍の頚の玉取りえずは、歸り來な」とのたまへば、いづちもいづちも、足の向きたらん方へいなむ。かゝるすき事をしたまふこと」と、そしりあへり。(please add an English translation of this quotation)

#### See also

| | a-/wa- “I, we” (first person) | na-/-ma- “you, ye, thou” (second person) | k- “this” (close to speaker) | s- “that” (close to listener) | a-/ka- “that over there” (far from both) | i-/ta-/nani- “who, what, where, how, when” (interrogative) | ono- “oneself” (reflexive) |
| Person | あ (a) あれ (are) わ (wa) われ (ware) まろ (maro) | な (na) なれ (nare) なんぢ (nanji) まし (mashi) いまし (imashi) みまし (mimashi) きみ (kimi) | こ (ko) これ (kore) | そ (so) それ (sore) | あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) | た (ta) たれ (tare) なにがし (nanigashi) | おの (ono) おのれ (onore) |
| Thing | | | こ (ko) これ (kore) | そ (so) それ (sore) | あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) | いづれ (izure) なに (nani) | |
| Location | | | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あしこ (ashiko) かしこ (kashiko) | いづく (izuku) いづこ (izuko) いどこ (idoko) どこ (doko) | |
| Direction | | | こち (kochi) こなた (konata) | そち (sochi) そなた (sonata) | あち (achi) あなた (anata) かなた (kanata) | いづち (izuchi) いづら (izura) いづかた (izukata) | |
| Manner | | | か (ka) かく (kaku) かくて (kakute) かう (kō) | さ (sa) さて (sate) しか (shika) | | いか (ika) | |
| Time | | | | | | いつ (itsu) | |

### Etymology 4

Kanji in this term :
| 何 | 方 |
| いず Grade: 2 | かた Grade: 2 |
| kun'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) いずかた [ìzúꜜkàtà] (Nakadaka – [2])
* (Tokyo) いずかた [ìzúkátá] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [izɨka̠ta̠]

#### Pronoun

何(いず)方(かた) • (izukata)
* which direction
* who

#### See also

| | a-/wa- “I, we” (first person) | na-/-ma- “you, ye, thou” (second person) | k- “this” (close to speaker) | s- “that” (close to listener) | a-/ka- “that over there” (far from both) | i-/ta-/nani- “who, what, where, how, when” (interrogative) | ono- “oneself” (reflexive) |
| Person | あ (a) あれ (are) わ (wa) われ (ware) まろ (maro) | な (na) なれ (nare) なんぢ (nanji) まし (mashi) いまし (imashi) みまし (mimashi) きみ (kimi) | こ (ko) これ (kore) | そ (so) それ (sore) | あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) | た (ta) たれ (tare) なにがし (nanigashi) | おの (ono) おのれ (onore) |
| Thing | | | こ (ko) これ (kore) | そ (so) それ (sore) | あ (a) あれ (are) か (ka) かれ (kare) | いづれ (izure) なに (nani) | |
| Location | | | ここ (koko) | そこ (soko) | あしこ (ashiko) かしこ (kashiko) | いづく (izuku) いづこ (izuko) いどこ (idoko) どこ (doko) | |
| Direction | | | こち (kochi) こなた (konata) | そち (sochi) そなた (sonata) | あち (achi) あなた (anata) かなた (kanata) | いづち (izuchi) いづら (izura) いづかた (izukata) | |
| Manner | | | か (ka) かく (kaku) かくて (kakute) かう (kō) | さ (sa) さて (sate) しか (shika) | | いか (ika) | |
| Time | | | | | | いつ (itsu) | |

#### References

* Sakakura, Atsuyoshi with Yūichi Ōtsu, Hiroshi Tsukishima, Toshiko Abe, Imai Gen'e (1957) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 9: Taketori Monogatari, Ise Monogatari, Yamato Monogatari (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN