# miasma
## English
### Etymology

First attested in 1665. From Ancient Greek μίασμα (míasma, “stain; pollution”).

### Pronunciation

* (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /miˈæzmə/, /maɪˈæzmə/
* (US) enPR: mī-ăz'mə, mē- ăz'mə, IPA: /maɪˈæzmə/, /miˈæzmə/
* Audio (US):(file)
* Audio (US):(file)
* Rhymes: -æzmə
* Homophone: my asthma

### Noun

miasma (plural miasmas or miasmata)
* A noxious atmosphere or emanation once thought to originate from swamps and waste, and to cause disease.
** 1897, Bram Stoker, “Jonathan Harker’s Journal”, in Dracula, New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, →OCLC, chapter XIX, page 276:There was an earthy smell, as of some dry miasma, which came through the fouler air.
* (figurative) A noxious atmosphere or influence, an ominous environment.
** 2020 September 15, Geoffrey Morrison, “aptX: Everything you need to know about the wireless Bluetooth enhancement”, in CNET‎:It was into this lossy compression miasma that aptX was born.

#### Quotations

* For quotations using this term, see Citations:miasma.

#### Related terms

* miasmatic

#### Translations
### See also

* malaria

### Further reading

* miasma theory on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
* miasma (Greek mythology) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

### Anagrams

* Masami, imaams

## Dutch
### Etymology

First attested in 1778. Borrowed from New Latin miasma, from Ancient Greek μίασμα (míasma, “stain, pollution”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˌmiˈɑs.maː/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: mi‧as‧ma
* Rhymes: -ɑsmaː

### Noun

miasma n (plural miasmata or miasma's, diminutive miasmaatje n)
* miasma (noxious atmosphere or influence)
* (medicine, historical) miasma (emanation from rotting organic matter causing diseases)

#### Derived terms

* miasmatisch

### References

* ↑ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “miasma”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

## Finnish
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek μίασμα (míasma, “stain, pollution”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmiɑsmɑ/, [ˈmiɑ̝s̠mɑ̝]
* Rhymes: -iɑsmɑ
* Syllabification: mi‧as‧ma

### Noun

miasma
* miasma (noxious atmosphere from swamps)

#### Declension

Possessive forms of miasma (Kotus type 13/katiska, no gradation) :

## Italian
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek μίασμα (míasma, “stain, pollution”).

### Noun

miasma m (plural miasmi)
* miasma

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin miasma, from Ancient Greek μίασμα (míasma, “pollution”).

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /miˈaz.mɐ/ [mɪˈaz.mɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ˈmjaz.mɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /miˈaz.mɐ/ [mɪˈaz.mɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ˈmjaz.mɐ/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /miˈaʒ.mɐ/ [mɪˈaʒ.mɐ], (faster pronunciation) /ˈmjaʒ.mɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /miˈaz.ma/ [mɪˈaz.ma], (faster pronunciation) /ˈmjaz.ma/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ˈmjaʒ.mɐ/

### Noun

miasma m (plural miasmas)
* miasma (noxious atmosphere or influence)
* (medicine, historical) miasma (noxious emanation from swamps that was thought to cause diseases)

#### Related terms

* miasmático

## Spanish
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈmjasma/ [ˈmjaz.ma]
* Rhymes: -asma
* Syllabification: mias‧ma

### Noun

miasma m (plural miasmas)
* miasma

### Further reading

* “miasma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014