# 歁

| 歁 | U+6B41, &#27457; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B41 |
| ← 歀 [U+6B40] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 歂 → [U+6B42] |

## Translingual
### Han character

歁 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿女弓人 (TVNO), four-corner 4778$_2$, composition ⿰甚欠)
* unsatisfied (of eating)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 569, character 18
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16126
* Dae Jaweon: page 958, character 3
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2144, character 11
* Unihan data for U+6B41

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

* Historical forms of the character 歁
* Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
* Small seal script
| | Old Chinese |
| 湛 | *ʔl'uːm, *r'uːmʔ, *l'um |
| 媅 | *ʔl'uːm |
| 黮 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ, *l'uːmʔ |
| 糂 | *sluːmʔ |
| 堪 | *kʰluːm |
| 戡 | *kʰluːm, *ʔl'umʔ |
| 嵁 | *kʰluːm, *ŋɡluːm, *ŋɡluːmʔ, *sɡruːmʔ, *kʰruːm |
| 歁 | *kʰluːmʔ, *kʰluːb |
| 勘 | *kʰluːms |
| 磡 | *kʰuːms |
| 墈 | *kʰuːms |
| 偡 | *r'uːmʔ |
| 碪 | *ʔl'um |
| 椹 | *ʔl'um |
| 揕 | *ʔl'ums |
| 踸 | *l̥ʰumʔ |
| 鍖 | *l̥ʰumʔ |
| 斟 | *kljum |
| 諶 | *ɡljum |
| 愖 | *ɡljum |
| 瘎 | *ɡljum |
| 煁 | *ɡljum |
| 甚 | *ɡljumʔ, *ɡljums |
| 葚 | *ɦljumʔ |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kǎn, kè, qiǎn (kan$^3$, ke$^4$, qian$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄢˇ, ㄎㄜˋ, ㄑㄧㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ham$^3$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khám / ham
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kǎn
*** Wade–Giles: kʻan$^3$
*** Yale: kǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kaan
*** Palladius: кань (kanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰän²¹⁴/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kè
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kè
*** Wade–Giles: kʻo$^4$
*** Yale: kè
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: keh
*** Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɤ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: qiǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ciǎn
*** Wade–Giles: chʻien$^3$
*** Yale: chyǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chean
*** Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ham$^3$
*** Yale: ham
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ham$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hem$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɐm³³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khám
*** Tâi-lô: khám
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qarm
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kʰam⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰam⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰam⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ham
*** Tâi-lô: ham
*** Phofsit Daibuun: hafm
*** IPA (Xiamen): /ham⁴⁴/
* khám - vernacular;
* ham - literary.
* Middle Chinese: khomX, khop
Rime :
| Character | 歁 | 歁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 溪 (29) |
| Final (韻) | 覃 (159) | 合 (160) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 苦感切 | 口荅切 |
| Baxter | khomX | khop |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kʰʌm$^X$/ | /kʰʌp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kʰəm$^X$/ | /kʰəp̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kʰɒm$^X$/ | /kʰɒp̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kʰəm$^X$/ | /kʰəp̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kʰᴀm$^X$/ | /kʰᴀp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kʰɒm$^X$/ | /kʰɒp̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kʰăm$^X$/ | /kʰăp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | kǎn | ke |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ham$^2$ | hap$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*kʰluːmʔ/, /*kʰluːb/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 歁 | 歁 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 11274 | 11299 |
| Phonetic component | 甚 | 甚 |
| Rime group | 侵 | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 3 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 坎 | |
| Old Chinese | /*kʰluːmʔ/ | /*kʰluːb/ |

### Definitions

歁
* not satiated
* (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) stupid; foolish; reckless; absurd (as if a madman)
* (Quanzhou Hokkien) cocky; aloof

#### Usage notes

* Douglas (1873) mentions that the "foolish" sense in this term is more "active" than 戇／戆 (gōng, “foolish; slow-witted”) which has a more "dull" kind of stupidity.

### References

* Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), C05702
* “歁”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
* Douglas, Carstairs (1873) “khám”, in Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, [With 1923 Supplement after the Appendix by Thomas Barclay, Shanghai: Commercial Press, Ltd.] edition (overall work in Hokkien and English), London: Trübner & Co., page 259; New Edition (With Chinese Character Glosses) edition, London: Presbyterian Church of England, 1899, page 259