# 老化
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): lǎohuà
    (Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): lou$^5$ faa$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ló-fa
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): láu-hòa / lāu-hòa / nó͘-hòa
    (Teochew, Peng'im): lao$^6$ huê$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: lǎohuà
*** Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: lǎohuà
*** Wade–Giles: lao$^3$-hua$^4$
*** Yale: lǎu-hwà
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laohuah
*** Palladius: лаохуа (laoxua)
*** Sinological IPA : /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$老化 老話／老话
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: lou$^5$ faa$^3$
*** Yale: lóuh fa
*** Cantonese Pinyin: lou$^5$ faa$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: lou$^5$ fa$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /lou̯¹³ faː³³/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$老化 鹵化／卤化
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ló-fa
*** Hakka Romanization System: lo$^ˋ$ fa
*** Hagfa Pinyim: lo$^3$ fa$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /lo³¹ fa⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: láu-hòa
*** Tâi-lô: láu-huà
*** Phofsit Daibuun: law'hoax
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /lau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāu-hòa
*** Tâi-lô: lāu-huà
*** Phofsit Daibuun: lauxhoax
*** IPA (Taipei): /lau³³⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /lau²²⁻²¹ hua²¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /lau³³⁻²¹ hua²¹/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nó͘-hòa
*** Tâi-lô: nóo-huà
*** Phofsit Daibuun: nofhoax
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /nɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /nɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua¹¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: lao$^6$ huê$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lău huè
*** Sinological IPA : /lau³⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/

### Verb

老化
* (literal, of a person or population) to age; to grow old
* (figurative) to become outdated; to become obsolete
* (chemistry) to age
* to degenerate; to atrophy

#### Synonyms

* (to grow old): 變老／变老 (biànlǎo)
* (to degenerate): 退化 (tuìhuà)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 老 | 化 |
| ろう Grade: 4 | か Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

老(ろう)化(か) • (rōka)
* aging

### Verb

老(ろう)化(か)する • (rōka suru) intransitive suru (stem 老(ろう)化(か)し (rōka shi), past 老(ろう)化(か)した (rōka shita))
* to age

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 老化し | ろうかし | rōka shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 老化し | ろうかし | rōka shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 老化する | ろうかする | rōka suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 老化する | ろうかする | rōka suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 老化すれ | ろうかすれ | rōka sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 老化せよ¹ 老化しろ² | ろうかせよ¹ ろうかしろ² | rōka seyo¹ rōka shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 老化される | ろうかされる | rōka sareru |
| Causative | 老化させる 老化さす | ろうかさせる ろうかさす | rōka saseru rōka sasu |
| Potential | 老化できる | ろうかできる | rōka dekiru |
| Volitional | 老化しよう | ろうかしよう | rōka shiyō |
| Negative | 老化しない | ろうかしない | rōka shinai |
| Negative continuative | 老化せず | ろうかせず | rōka sezu |
| Formal | 老化します | ろうかします | rōka shimasu |
| Perfective | 老化した | ろうかした | rōka shita |
| Conjunctive | 老化して | ろうかして | rōka shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 老化すれば | ろうかすれば | rōka sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 老 | 化 |

### Noun

老化 • (nohwa) (hangeul 노화)
* hanja form of 노화 (“aging”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 老 | 化 |

### Verb

老化
* chữ Hán form of lão hóa (“to age”).