# 騶虞
## Chinese

* 騶虞

### Etymology

Behr (2004b) groups this among several zoonyms (like 狻猊 and 獅子) in ancient Chinese texts to denote lions. See those two for etymology.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zōuyú
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄡ ㄩˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zau$^1$ jyu$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zōuyú
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄡ ㄩˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zouyú
*** Wade–Giles: tsou$^1$-yü$^2$
*** Yale: dzōu-yú
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzouyu
*** Palladius: цзоуюй (czoujuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡soʊ̯⁵⁵ y³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zau$^1$ jyu$^4$
*** Yale: jāu yùh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzau$^1$ jy$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zeo$^1$ yu$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ jyː²¹/
* Middle Chinese: tsrjuw ngju
Rime :
| Character | 騶 | 虞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 莊 (18) | 疑 (31) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 虞 (24) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 側鳩切 | 遇俱切 |
| Baxter | tsrjuw | ngju |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ʃɨu/ | /ŋɨo/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʈ͡ʂiu/ | /ŋio/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ʃiəu/ | /ŋio/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʈ͡ʂuw/ | /ŋuə̆/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ʃiu/ | /ŋio/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ʃĭəu/ | /ŋĭu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʈ͡ʂi̯ə̯u/ | /ŋi̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhōu | yú |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zau$^1$ | jyu$^4$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤro [ŋ]ʷ(r)a/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsru ŋʷa/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 騶 | 虞 | 虞 |
| Reading # | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | zōu | yú | yú |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ tsrjuw › | ‹ ngju › | ‹ ngju › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ts]ˁro/ | /*[ŋ]ʷ(r)a/ | /*[ŋ]ʷ(r)a/ |
| English | groom | foresee | gamester; forester |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 騶 | 虞 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1595 | 13103 |
| Phonetic component | 芻 | 吴 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 鄒 | |
| Old Chinese | /*ʔsru/ | /*ŋʷa/ |

### Noun

騶虞
* (Chinese mythology) zouyu (a white beast with black stripes)
    From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
    Bǐ zhuó zhě jiā, yī fā wǔ bā. Yú jiēhū zōuyú. Bǐ zhuó zhě péng, yī fā wǔ zōng. Yú jiēhū zōuyú. [Pinyin]
    Strong and abundant grow the rushes; He discharges [but] one arrow at five wild sows. Ah! he is the Zou-yu! Strong and abundant grow the artemisia; He discharges [but] one arrow at five wild piglets. Ah! he is the Zou-yu!
    From: 李白 Li Bai, 《古風．十三》"In the Old Manners - 13", 8th century
    Zōuyú bùxū lái, yuèzhuó yǒushí míng. [Pinyin]
    The Zouyu comes not in vain; the Yuezhuo chirps now and then.
* (historical) official in charge of animals
* (historical) ceremonial tune for an archery ceremony
    From: The Book of Rites, c. 4th – 2nd century BCE
    Qí jié: tiānzǐ yǐ “zōuyú” wèi jié; zhūhóu yǐ “líshǒu” wèi jié; qīngdàfū yǐ “cǎipíng” wèi jié; shì yǐ “cǎifán” wèi jié. [Pinyin]
    To regulate (the discharging of the arrows), there was, in the case of the son of Heaven, the playing of the Zou-yu; in the case of the feudal lords, that of the Li-shou; in the case of the dignitaries, the great officers, that of the Cai-ping; and in the case of officers, that of the Cai-fan.
* Alternative form of 狻猊 (suānní)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 騶(すう)虞(ぐ) (sūgu)
* → Korean: 추우(騶虞) (chuu)
* → Vietnamese: Sô Ngu (騶虞)