# 燹

| 燹 | U+71F9, &#29177; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-71F9 |
| ← 燸 [U+71F8] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 燺 → [U+71FA] |

## Translingual
### Han character

燹 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 一人火 (MOF), four-corner 1180$_9$, composition ⿱豩火)

#### Derived characters

* 𨰖 𨷹 𩰟

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 685, character 24
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19508
* Dae Jaweon: page 1098, character 13
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2242, character 23
* Unihan data for U+71F9

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 燹 :
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
| | Old Chinese |
| 燹 | *smanʔ, *smlɯːnʔ, *hmrɯls |
| 豳 | *mprɯn |
Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) - a group of pigs (豩) fleeing from a fire (火). The bronze script form has a hand with a stick (攴), indicating that the fire would have been started on purpose, in manner to get rid of the pigs. The large seal script form also has what looks like 爾 on the right side.

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): xiǎn (xian$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sin$^2$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sián
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: xiǎn
*** Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: siǎn
*** Wade–Giles: hsien$^3$
*** Yale: syǎn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shean
*** Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sin$^2$
*** Yale: sín
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sin$^2$
*** Guangdong Romanization: xin$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /siːn³⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sián
*** Tâi-lô: sián
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siern
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siɛn⁵⁵⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siɛn⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɛn⁴¹/
* Middle Chinese: senX, sjenX, xwijH
Rime :
| Character | 燹 | 燹 | 燹 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 心 (16) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) | 仙 (77) | 脂 (18) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | IV | III | III |
| Fanqie | 蘇典切 | 息淺切 | 許位切 |
| Baxter | senX | sjenX | xwijH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /sen$^X$/ | /siᴇn$^X$/ | /hˠiuɪ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /sen$^X$/ | /siɛn$^X$/ | /hʷᵚi$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /sɛn$^X$/ | /sjæn$^X$/ | /xiuɪ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /sɛn$^X$/ | /sian$^X$/ | /hjwi$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /sen$^X$/ | /siɛn$^X$/ | /xjui$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /sien$^X$/ | /sĭɛn$^X$/ | /xwi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /sien$^X$/ | /si̯ɛn$^X$/ | /xwi$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | xiǎn | xiǎn | huì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sin$^2$ | sin$^2$ | fai$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*smlɯːnʔ/, /*smanʔ/, /*hmrɯls/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 燹 | 燹 | 燹 |
| Reading # | 2/3 | 1/3 | 3/3 |
| No. | 833 | 832 | 834 |
| Phonetic component | 豩 | 豩 | 豩 |
| Rime group | 文 | 元 | 微 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 銑 | 獮 | 豷 |
| Old Chinese | /*smlɯːnʔ/ | /*smanʔ/ | /*hmrɯls/ |
| Notes | | | 集韻改開口許利切 |

### Definitions

燹
* (literary) fire, especially wildfire or war fire
* (literary) to burn

#### Compounds

* 兵燹 (bīngxiǎn)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* wildfire
* backburn

#### Readings

* Go-on: せん (sen)
* Kan-on: せん (sen)
* Kun: のび (nobi)、ぬび (nubi)、ほそけ (hosoke)
* Nanori: のび (nobi)

#### Compounds

* 兵燹(へいせん) (heisen) (rare): a fire caused by war; by extension, a battle

### Etymology 1

* Kanji in this term
* 燹
* のび Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
Compound of 野 (no, “field”) +‎ 火 (hi, “fire”). The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
An ancient variant seen in eastern Japan uses the dialectal reading nu for 野.
Use of this kanji 燹 is rare, and is an example of jukujikun. The standard spelling is 野火.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) のび [nóꜜbì] (Atamadaka – [1])
* IPA: [no̞bʲi]

#### Noun

燹(のび) • (nobi) (rare)
燹(ぬび) • (nubi) (obsolete)
* a wildfire

##### Usage notes

Spelled using this kanji, 燹 excludes the "controlled agricultural burn" sense found found under the 野火 spelling.

##### Alternative forms

* 野火 (standard spelling)

### Etymology 2

* Kanji in this term
* 燹
* ほそけ Hyōgai
* kun'yomi
Compound of 火 (ho, “fire”) +‎ 退く (soku, “to push away, to make distant”).
The kun'yomi for 火 is usually hi, but it can appear as ho or fu, particularly in older compounds.
The soku changes to soke due to conjugation of the verb. Grammatically, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of soke indicates the transitive.
Use of this kanji 燹 is rare, and is an example of jukujikun. The more common spelling is 火退.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ho̞so̞ke̞]

#### Noun

燹(ほそけ) • (hosoke) (rare)
* a backburn: a controlled fire deliberately set in the path of a wildfire to create a firebreak by removing combustible material

##### Usage notes

The more common word for this is 向火, 向(む)かい火(び) (mukaibi).

##### Alternative forms

* 火退 (rare)
* 逆焼 (rare)
* 野火 (rare)

##### Synonyms

* 向火, 向(む)かい火(び) (mukaibi)

### References

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
* 1 2 3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

燹 (eum 희 (hui))
* fire
* wild fires

## Vietnamese
### Han character

燹: Hán Nôm readings: tiển
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### References

* Nom Foundation