# 坡

| 坡 | U+5761, &#22369; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5761 |
| ← 坠 [U+5760] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 坢 → [U+5762] |

## Translingual
### Han character

坡 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土木竹水 (GDHE), four-corner 4414$_7$, composition ⿰土皮)

#### Derived characters

* 𠶊, 𣔡, 𤊫, 𤷵, 𪸁

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 226, character 11
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4966
* Dae Jaweon: page 461, character 25
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 436, character 1
* Unihan data for U+5761

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 陂 | *pral, *prals |
| 詖 | *pral, *prals |
| 彼 | *pralʔ |
| 柀 | *pralʔ |
| 佊 | *pralʔ, *prals |
| 貱 | *prals |
| 跛 | *prals, *paːlʔ |
| 披 | *pʰral, *pʰralʔ |
| 鈹 | *pʰral |
| 帔 | *pʰral, *pʰrals |
| 鮍 | *pʰral |
| 耚 | *pʰral |
| 狓 | *pʰral |
| 翍 | *pʰral |
| 旇 | *pʰral, *brals |
| 秛 | *pʰral, *pʰrals |
| 紴 | *pʰralʔ, *paːl |
| 皮 | *bral |
| 疲 | *bral |
| 被 | *bralʔ, *brals |
| 髲 | *brals |
| 鞁 | *brals |
| 骳 | *mbralʔ |
| 波 | *paːl |
| 碆 | *paːl, *baːl |
| 菠 | *paːl |
| 簸 | *paːlʔ, *paːls |
| 駊 | *paːlʔ, *pʰaːlʔ |
| 頗 | *pʰaːl, *pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls |
| 坡 | *pʰaːl |
| 玻 | *pʰaːl |
| 破 | *pʰaːls |
| 婆 | *baːl |
| 蔢 | *baːl |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰaːl) : semantic 土 (“dirt”) + phonetic 皮 (OC *bral).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pō (po$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄛ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bo$^1$ / po$^1$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): bo$^1$
* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): phô
    (Meixian, Guangdong): bo$^1$
* Northern Min (KCR): pó̤
* Eastern Min (BUC): pŏ̤
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pho / po / po͘
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bo$^1$
* Wu (Northern, Wugniu): $^1$phu / $^1$pho
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pō
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄛ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: po
*** Wade–Giles: pʻo$^1$
*** Yale: pwō
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: po
*** Palladius: по (po)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bo$^1$ / po$^1$
*** Yale: bō / pō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bo$^1$ / po$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bo$^1$ / po$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pɔː⁵⁵/, /pʰɔː⁵⁵/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: bo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /pᵘɔ³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phô
*** Hakka Romanization System: po$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: po$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pʰo²⁴/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: bo$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /po⁴⁴/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pó̤
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰɔ⁵⁴/
* Eastern Min
** (Fuzhou)
*** Bàng-uâ-cê: pŏ̤
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰo⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pho
*** Tâi-lô: pho
*** Phofsit Daibuun: phoy
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰɤ⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰo³³/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /pʰo⁴⁴/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po
*** Tâi-lô: po
*** Phofsit Daibuun: poy
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /po³³/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po͘
*** Tâi-lô: poo
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pof
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔ³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bo$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: po
*** Sinological IPA : /po³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^1$phu
*** MiniDict: phu$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$phu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pʰu⁵³/
*** Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /pʰu⁴⁴/
** (Northern: Hangzhou)
*** Wugniu: $^1$pho
*** MiniDict: pho$^平$
*** Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /pʰo³³⁴/
* Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | edit坡 |
| Mandarin | Beijing | /pʰo⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Harbin | /pʰɤ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Tianjin | /pʰo²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Jinan | /pʰə²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Qingdao | /pʰə²¹³/ |
| Mandarin | Zhengzhou | /pʰo²⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Xi'an | /pʰo²¹/ |
| Mandarin | Xining | /pʰɔ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Yinchuan | /pʰuə⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Lanzhou | /pʰə³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Ürümqi | /pʰɤ⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Wuhan | /pʰo⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Chengdu | /pʰo⁵⁵/ /po⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Guiyang | /pʰo⁵⁵/ |
| Mandarin | Kunming | /pʰo⁴⁴/ |
| Mandarin | Nanjing | /pʰo³¹/ |
| Mandarin | Hefei | /pʰʊ²¹/ |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /pʰɤ¹¹/ |
| Jin | Pingyao | /pʰei¹³/ 上～ /pʰɔ¹³/ |
| Jin | Hohhot | /pʰɤ³¹/ |
| Wu | Shanghai | /pʰu⁵³/ |
| Wu | Suzhou | /pʰu⁵⁵/ |
| Wu | Hangzhou | /pʰo³³/ |
| Wu | Wenzhou | /pu³³/ |
| Hui | Shexian | /po³¹/ |
| Hui | Tunxi | /pʰo¹¹/ |
| Xiang | Changsha | /pʰo³³/ |
| Xiang | Xiangtan | /pʰo³³/ |
| Gan | Nanchang | /po⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /po⁴⁴/ /pʰo⁴⁴/ |
| Hakka | Taoyuan | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /pɔ⁵³/ |
| Cantonese | Nanning | /pʰɔ⁵⁵/ |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | /pɔ⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /pʰo⁵⁵/ |
| Min | Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /pʰo⁴⁴/ |
| Min | Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /pʰɔ⁵⁴/ |
| Min | Shantou (Teochew) | /po³³/ |
| Min | Haikou (Hainanese) | /fo²³/ |
* Middle Chinese: pha
Rime :
| Character | 坡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 滂禾切 |
| Baxter | pha |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰuɑ/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰuɑ/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰuɑ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰwa/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰuɑ/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰuɑ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pʰuɑ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pō |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | po$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰaːl/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 坡 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 9728 |
| Phonetic component | 皮 |
| Rime group | 歌 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 頗 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰaːl/ |

### Definitions

坡
* slope; bank; hillside
* to slant; to incline; to tilt
* Used in transcription.
    吉隆坡 ― Jílóngpō ― Kuala Lumpur
    坡旅甲 ― Pōlǚjiǎ ― Polycarpus
    坡市 ― Pōshì ― Pau
       Āidéjiā Àilún Pō [Pinyin]
       Edgar Allan Poe
** (Taiwan, Hong Kong) Short for 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō, “Singapore”).
    坡幣／坡币 ― pōbì ― Singapore dollar

### Compounds

* 上坡 (shàngpō)
* 下坡 (xiàpō)
* 下坡走馬／下坡走马
* 下坡路 (xiàpōlù)
* 下坡運動／下坡运动
* 十字坡
* 半坡遺址／半坡遗址
* 博望坡
* 可倫坡／可伦坡 (Kělúnpō)
* 吉隆坡 (Jílóngpō)
* 坐坡
* 坡仙
* 坡地
* 坡子
* 坡度 (pōdù)
* 坡撇
* 坡田
* 坡道 (pōdào)
* 坡陡水急
* 堰坡 (Yànpō)
* 大陸坡／大陆坡
* 大陸斜坡／大陆斜坡
* 孔坡
* 宋坡 (Sòngpō)
* 寨坡 (Zhàipō)
* 山坡 (shānpō)
* 山坡地
* 愛倫坡／爱伦坡
* 慢坡
* 打坐坡
* 斜坡 (xiépō)
* 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō)
* 星加坡 (Xīngjiāpō)
* 朱坡埡／朱坡垭
* 東坡／东坡
* 東坡居士／东坡居士
* 東坡椅兒／东坡椅儿
* 東坡肉／东坡肉 (dōngpōròu)
* 楊家坡／杨家坡 (Yángjiāpō)
* 樊坡 (Fánpō)
* 武家坡
* 江心坡 (Jiāngxīnpō)
* 滑坡 (huápō)
* 爬坡 (pápō)
* 白馬坡／白马坡
* 簡坡／简坡 (Jiǎnpō)
* 聶坡／聂坡 (Nièpō)
* 背風坡／背风坡
* 花雞坡／花鸡坡 (Huājīpō)
* 蘇東坡／苏东坡
* 護坡／护坡 (hùpō)
* 護坡工程／护坡工程
* 走下坡 (zǒuxiàpō)
* 起坡
* 趄坡兒／趄坡儿
* 邊坡／边坡
* 長坂坡／长坂坡
* 阿速坡 (Āsùpō)
* 陡坡 (dǒupō)
* 陡坡店 (Dǒupōdiàn)
* 陳坡／陈坡 (Chénpō)
* 馬嵬坡／马嵬坡 (Mǎwéi-pō)
* 龍骨坡／龙骨坡 (Lónggǔpō)

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: は (ha)
* Kan-on: は (ha)
* On: ひ (hi)
* Kun: つつみ (tsutsumi, 坡み)

## Korean
### Hanja

坡 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

坡: Hán Nôm readings: pha, bờ, phơ, da
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.