# 吧

| 吧 | U+5427, &#21543; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5427 |
| ← 否 [U+5426] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 吨 → [U+5428] |

## Translingual
### Han character

吧 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口日山 (RAU), four-corner 6701$_7$, composition ⿰口巴)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 178, character 4
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3341
* Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 12
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 596, character 6
* Unihan data for U+5427

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 巴 | *praː |
| 芭 | *praː |
| 笆 | *praː, *braːʔ |
| 豝 | *praː |
| 鈀 | *praː, *pʰraː |
| 吧 | *praː, *pʰraː |
| 蚆 | *praː, *pʰraː |
| 疤 | *praː |
| 把 | *praːʔ |
| 爸 | *praːs, *baʔ |
| 弝 | *praːs |
| 靶 | *praːs |
| 葩 | *pʰraː |
| 舥 | *pʰraː |
| 妑 | *pʰraː |
| 帊 | *pʰraːs |
| 琶 | *braː |
| 爬 | *braː |
| 杷 | *braː, *braːs, *braːs |
| 跁 | *braːʔ, *braːs |
| 耙 | *braːs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声 (xíngshēng)): semantic 口 (kǒu) + phonetic 巴 (OC *praː).

### Etymology 1

From 罷／罢 (bà) and 夫 (OC *ba, “is it not?”), itself a contraction of 不乎.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ba (ba$^5$／ba$^0$)
    (Zhuyin): ˙ㄅㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baa$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pā / --pa
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ba$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ba
*** Zhuyin: ˙ㄅㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bå
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^5$
*** Yale: ba
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .ba
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /b̥ä/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baa$^6$
*** Yale: bah
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baa$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ba$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /paː²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pā
*** Tâi-lô: pā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: pa
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pa³³/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: --pa
*** Tâi-lô: --pa
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ba$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pā
*** Sinological IPA : /pa¹¹/

#### Definitions

吧 (chiefly Mandarin)
* Emphatic final particle; used at the end of a sentence to
** indicate a suggested action: why don't you ...; let us ...
       Nǐ yǒu shíjiān zài zuò ba. [Pinyin]
       Do it when you have time.
    大家去工作吧。 ― Dàjiā qù gōngzuò ba. ― Get to work, everybody.
    走吧！ ― Zǒu ba! ― Let's go!
** indicate a speculation.
    門還沒鎖吧。／门还没锁吧。 ― Mén hái méi suǒ ba. ― The door has not been locked, I guess.
* Used at the end of a sentence used to concede a point.
    好吧！ ― Hǎo ba! ― Alright!
    算了吧。 ― Suànle ba. ― Whatever.
* Used at the end of a sentence used to indicate disapproving incredulousness.
    不是吧！ ― Bù shì ba! ― No way!
* Used after the topic for emphasis.
       Tā zhè rén ba, píqì bù tài hǎo. [Pinyin]
       He is not that good-tempered a person.

##### Usage notes

* Adoption into Cantonese has been increasing, especially in Mainland China.

##### Synonyms

* (imperative): (Hokkien) 好 (hó), 乎 (hohⁿ / hôⁿ / hōⁿ / hoⁿ)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吧 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吧 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 啦, 吧 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 啦 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 啦 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 啦 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 閣 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 唷 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 閣 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 啦 |
* (speculation): (Hokkien, Teochew) 閣／阁 (koh), 唷 (ió / ó), 好 (hó), 乎 (hohⁿ / hôⁿ / hōⁿ / hoⁿ)
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吧 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吧 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吧 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 吧 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 吧 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 啩 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 啩 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 啩 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 估啊 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 估啊 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 估啊 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 啩 |
* (incredulousness): (Cantonese) 啊嘛 (aa6 maa5), (Hokkien, Teochew) 啦 (--la / --lah), 啊 (--a / --ah)

### Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic.

#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bā (ba$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baa$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bā
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ba
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^1$
*** Yale: bā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ba
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baa$^1$
*** Yale: bā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ba$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /paː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

吧
* (onomatopoeia) sound of crackling; crack

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): biā (bia$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧㄚ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: biā
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bia
*** Wade–Giles: pia$^1$
*** Yale: byā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bia
*** Palladius: бя (bja)
*** Sinological IPA : /pi̯ä⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

吧
* (onomatopoeia) pow!; smack!

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bā (ba$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baa$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bā
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ba
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^1$
*** Yale: bā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ba
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baa$^1$
*** Yale: bā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ba$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /paː⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

吧
* (dialectal) to smoke (a cigarette)

### Etymology 4

Borrowed from English bar.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bā (ba$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): baa$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pâ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): pa
    (Teochew, Peng'im): ba$^1$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^1$pa
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bā
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ba
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^1$
*** Yale: bā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ba
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: baa$^1$
*** Yale: bā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: baa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: ba$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /paː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pâ
*** Hakka Romanization System: ba$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ba$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /pa²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pa
*** Tâi-lô: pa
*** Phofsit Daibuun: paf
*** IPA (Xiamen): /pa⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /pa³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /pa⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /pa⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pa⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: ba$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pa
*** Sinological IPA : /pa³³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^1$pa
*** MiniDict: pa$^平$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^1$pa
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pa⁵³/

#### Definitions

吧
* bar
    酒吧 ― jiǔbā ― bar; pub
    貼吧／贴吧 ― tiēbā ― internet board (lit. posting bar)
    玩具吧 ― wánjù bā ― toy shop
* Short for 貼吧／贴吧 (Tiēbā, “internet board”).
* Used in transcription.
    迪吧 ― díbā ― diva

#### Compounds

* 吧檯／吧台 (bātái)
* 氧吧 (yǎngbā)
* 網吧／网吧 (wǎngbā)
* 貼吧／贴吧 (Tiēbā)
* 迪吧 (díbā)
* 酒吧 (jiǔbā)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bā (ba$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄚ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bā
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ba
*** Wade–Giles: pa$^1$
*** Yale: bā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ba
*** Palladius: ба (ba)
*** Sinological IPA : /pä⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: pae
Rime :
| Character | 吧 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 伯加切 |
| Baxter | pae |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pˠa/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pᵚa/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pa/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /paɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /pa/ |
| Wang Li | /pa/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pa/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | bā |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | baa$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*praː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 吧 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 102 |
| Phonetic component | 巴 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 巴 |
| Old Chinese | /*praː/ |

##### Definitions

吧
* Only used in 吧呀.

#### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): pā (pa$^1$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄆㄚ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: pā
*** Zhuyin: ㄆㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: pa
*** Wade–Giles: pʻa$^1$
*** Yale: pā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pa
*** Palladius: па (pa)
*** Sinological IPA : /pʰä⁵⁵/
* Middle Chinese: phae
Rime :
| Character | 吧 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) |
| Final (韻) | 麻 (98) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 普巴切 |
| Baxter | phae |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /pʰˠa/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /pʰᵚa/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /pʰa/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /pʰaɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /pʰa/ |
| Wang Li | /pʰa/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /pʰa/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | pā |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | paa$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*pʰraː/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 吧 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 113 |
| Phonetic component | 巴 |
| Rime group | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 葩 |
| Old Chinese | /*pʰraː/ |

##### Definitions

吧
* Only used in 吧呀.

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: は (ha)
* Kan-on: は (ha)

## Korean
### Hanja

吧 (eum 파 (pa))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

吧: Hán Việt readings: ba
吧: Nôm readings: ba, bơ, và, vài

### Conjunction

吧 • (và)
* Nôm form of và (“and, with, as well as”).