OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 개혁하다
## Korean
### Etymology

개혁(改革) (gaehyeok, “reform”) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈkɛ(ː)ʝʌ̹kʰa̠da̠] ~ [ˈke̞(ː)ʝʌ̹kʰa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [개(ː)혀카다/게(ː)혀카다]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Verb

개혁하다 • (gaehyeokhada) (infinitive 개혁해 or 개혁하여, sequential 개혁하니)
* to reform
# 黃袍加身
## Chinese

| | | | to add; plus | body; torso; personbody; torso; person; life; status; pregnancy; (a measure word used for clothes) suit |
| trad. (黃袍加身) | trad. (黃袍加身) | 黃袍 | 加 | 身 |
| simp. (黄袍加身) | simp. (黄袍加身) | 黄袍 | 加 | 身 |
| Literally: “to add to oneself a yellow robe; to drape oneself with a yellow robe”. |||||

### Etymology

The idiom comes from the event in 960 when military commander Zhao Kuangyin removed child emperor Guo Zongxun from the throne and proclaimed himself a new emperor after being presented an imperial dragon robe by his subordinates.
After becoming emperor, Zhao, for fear that military figures might betray him like he betraying his emperor, invited them to a wine banquet and successfully persuaded them to retire. This happened in 961 and gave rise to another idiom, 杯酒釋兵權／杯酒释兵权 (bēi jiǔ shì bīng quán).
    諸校露刃列於庭，曰：「諸軍無主，願策太尉為天子。」未及對，有以黃衣加太祖身，眾皆羅拜，呼萬歲，即掖太祖乘馬。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]诸校露刃列于庭，曰：「诸军无主，愿策太尉为天子。」未及对，有以黄衣加太祖身，众皆罗拜，呼万岁，即掖太祖乘马。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]From: 1345 CE, Toqto'a (lead editor), History of SongZhū xiào lù rèn liè yú tíng, yuē: “Zhū jūn wúzhǔ, yuàn cè tàiwèi wèi tiānzǐ.” Wèijí duì, yǒu yǐ huáng yī jiā tàizǔ shēn, zhòng jiē luóbài, hū wànsuì, jí yē tàizǔ chéngmǎ. [Pinyin](please add an English translation of this usage example)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): huángpáojiāshēn
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄆㄠˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄕㄣ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wong$^4$ pou$^4$ gaa$^1$ san$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: huángpáojiāshēn
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄆㄠˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄕㄣ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: huángpáojiashen
*** Wade–Giles: huang$^2$-pʻao$^2$-chia$^1$-shên$^1$
*** Yale: hwáng-páu-jyā-shēn
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwangpaurjiashen
*** Palladius: хуанпаоцзяшэнь (xuanpaoczjašɛnʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ pʰɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wong$^4$ pou$^4$ gaa$^1$ san$^1$
*** Yale: wòhng pòuh gā sān
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wong$^4$ pou$^4$ gaa$^1$ san$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wong$^4$ pou$^4$ ga$^1$ sen$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /wɔːŋ²¹ pʰou̯²¹ kaː⁵⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/

### Idiom

黃袍加身
* to stage a coup d'état; overthrow a government; take the throne
** 2016, 陳列, “兵變知多少？”, in Lianhe Zaobao‎:
       Zhào Kuāngyìn huángpáojiāshēn yǎngzhàng de shì bīngbiàn, zhǎngquán hòu nánmiǎn dānxīn biéde jiānglǐng rúfǎpàozhì, yīdàn bīngquán zàiwò yě lái duó wèi, yúshì cèhuà le “bēijiǔshìbīngquán” zhè chū hǎoxì. [Pinyin]
       (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* to be crowned (as a monarch, ruler, winner, champion, etc.)
# 鵝嫲
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Hakka
    (Sixian, PFS): ngò-mà
    (Meixian, Guangdong): ngo$^2$ ma$^2$
* Northern Min (KCR): ngṳê-mâ
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngò-mà
*** Hakka Romanization System: ngo$^ˇ$ ma$^ˇ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: ngo$^2$ ma$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋo¹¹ ma¹¹/
** (Meixian)
*** Guangdong: ngo$^2$ ma$^2$
*** Sinological IPA: /ŋo¹¹ ma¹¹/
* Northern Min
** (Jian'ou)
*** Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngṳê-mâ
*** Sinological IPA : /ŋyɛ³³ ma³³/

### Noun

鵝嫲
* (Hakka, Northern Min) female goose

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 母鵝 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 母鵝 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 母鵝 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 母鵝 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 母鵝 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 鵝婆 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 鵝嫲 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 鵝婆 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) | 鵝嫲 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) | 鵝嫲 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鵝嫲 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 鵝嫲 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 鵝嫲 |
| Hakka | Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 鵝嫲 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) | 鵝嫲 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 鵝嫲 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 鵝母 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 鵝娘 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 雌鵝, 草鵝 |
# kin'iro
## Japanese
### Romanization

kin'iro
* Rōmaji transcription of きんいろ
# kin'yu
## Japanese
### Romanization

kin'yu
* Rōmaji transcription of きんゆ
# kin'yuhin
## Japanese
### Romanization

kin'yuhin
* Rōmaji transcription of きんゆひん
# kin'yō
## Japanese
### Romanization

kin'yō
* Rōmaji transcription of きんよう
# čudno
## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃûdno/
* Hyphenation: čud‧no

### Adverb

čȕdno (Cyrillic spelling чу̏дно)
* oddly, weirdly, strangely

### Further reading

* “čudno” in Hrvatski jezični portal
# čuditi
## Serbo-Croatian
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čuditi.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃûditi/
* Hyphenation: ču‧di‧ti

### Verb

čȕditi impf (Cyrillic spelling чу̏дити)
* (transitive, reflexive) to surprise, to amaze, astonish
    Njezin usp(j)eh me ne čudi. ― Her success does not surprise me.
    (subordinate clause) Čudi me što ne reagira gradska uprava. ― It surprises me that the city government does not react.
    (reflexive, dative) Čudim se tvojemu pitanju. ― I am surprised by your question.
    (reflexive, subordinate clause) Čudila sam se da još to nije shvatio. ― I was surprised that he did not understand it.

#### Derived terms

* nàčuditi
* zàčuditi
# đi bậy
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

đi +‎ bậy.

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɗi˧˧ ʔɓəj˧˨ʔ]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔɓəj˨˩ʔ]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɗɪj˧˧ ʔɓəj˨˩˨]

### Verb

đi bậy
* (euphemistic) to pee and/or poop
# kinshu
## Japanese
### Romanization

kinshu
* Rōmaji transcription of きんしゅ
# čapa·há-
## Central Sierra Miwok
### Noun

čapa·há-
* cedar

### References

* L. S. Freeland and Sylvia M. Broadbent, Central Sierra Miwok Dictionary with Texts (1960)
# 거류
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 居留

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kʌ̹ɾju]
* Phonetic hangul: [거류]

### Noun

거류 • (georyu) (hanja 居留)
* residence; dwelling
# 득의양양하다
## Korean
### Etymology

득의양양(得意揚揚) (deuguiyang'yang) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tɯɡɰija̠ŋja̠ŋɦa̠da̠] ~ [tɯɡija̠ŋja̠ŋɦa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [드긔양양하다/드기양양하다]

### Adjective

득의양양하다 • (deuguiyang'yanghada) (infinitive 득의양양해 or 득의양양하여, sequential 득의양양하니)
* to be smug, to be puffed up
# goure
## French
### Pronunciation

* Homophones: gourent, goures

### Verb

goure
* inflection of gourer:
** first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
** second-person singular imperative
# überraschenderem
## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Adjective

überraschenderem
* strong dative masculine/neuter singular comparative degree of überraschend
# đỉa
## Vietnamese
### Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *l-dɛh ~ *l-tɛh (“water leech”). Cognate with Muong tía, Thavung เต่ฮ, Arem tatah. Compare Pacoh itếh. Likely of Austronesian origin, compare Eastern Cham ꨤꨓꩍ/latah and Malay lintah.
Unrelated to Chinese 蛭 (MC tet) (SV: điệt).

### Pronunciation

* (Hà Nội) IPA: [ʔɗiə˧˩]
* (Huế) IPA: [ʔɗiə˧˨]
* (Saigon) IPA: [ʔɗiə˨˩˦]
* Homophone: đĩa

### Noun

(classifier con) đỉa • (𧋘, 𧍉)
* a leech (annelid)

### See also

* vắt
# kiddoes
## English
### Noun

kiddoes
* plural of kiddo
# ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯕ
## Manipuri
### Etymology

ꯆꯦꯟ (chen) +‎ ꯊ- (tha-) +‎ ꯕ (ba).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ʃentʰɐbɐ]

### Verb

ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯕ (chenthaba)
* to flow

### References

* Department of Education (1887) “ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯕ”, in A Dictionary in English, Bengal, and Manipuri‎, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, page 92
# ꯆꯦꯟ
## Manipuri
### Noun

ꯆꯦꯟ (chen)
* bow and arrow

#### See also

* ꯂꯤꯔꯨꯡ (leeroong)

### References

* Sharma, H[anjabam] Surmangol (2006) “ꯆꯦꯟ”, in Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary, Imphal: Sangam Book Store.
# ꯇꯈꯦꯜ
## Manipuri
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [tɐkʰel]

### Proper noun

ꯇꯈꯦꯜ (takhel)
* (historical) Tripura (a state of India)

### References

* Sharma, H[anjabam] Surmangol (2006) “ꯇꯈꯦꯜ”, in Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary, Imphal: Sangam Book Store.
# kimmastuttaa
## Finnish
### Etymology

kimmastua +‎ -ttaa

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈkimːɑstutːɑːˣ/, [ˈk̟imːɑ̝s̠ˌtut̪ːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
* Rhymes: -utːɑː
* Syllabification: kim‧mas‧tut‧taa

### Verb

kimmastuttaa
* (transitive, usually atelic) to make flare, make suddenly angry

#### Conjugation
### Further reading

* “kimmastuttaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
# kisebb-nagyobb
## Hungarian
### Etymology

kisebb (“smaller, lesser”) +‎ nagyobb (“greater”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈkiʃːɛbnɒɟobː]
* Hyphenation: ki‧sebb-‧na‧gyobb
* Rhymes: -obː

### Adjective

kisebb-nagyobb
* (of objects) greater and smaller, of all sorts and sizes
    sokféle kisebb-nagyobb doboz ― boxes of all sorts and sizes
* (of humans, animals) of different ages
* (of quantity) of different quantities
    kisebb-nagyobb mértékben ― to a greater or lesser degree
    kisebb-nagyobb összegek ― greater and lesser sums
    négy éven keresztül kisebb-nagyobb megszakításokkal ― on and off for four years
* (of importance) of greater and/or lesser
    kisebb-nagyobb jelentőségű ügyek ― cases of greater or lesser importance

### Further reading

* kisebb-nagyobb in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
# 꺽정이
## Korean
### Etymology

Probably from the same root as 꺽저기 and 꺽지.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [k͈ʌ̹k̚t͡ɕ͈ʌ̹ŋi]
* Phonetic hangul: [꺽쩡이]

### Noun

꺽정이 • (kkeokjeong'i)
* The rough-skinned sculpin, Trachidermus fasciatus

#### Synonyms

* 거슬횟대어 (geoseulhoetdaeeo)

#### Derived terms

* 개구리꺽정이 (gaegurikkeokjeong'i, “frog sculpin”)

#### Related terms

* 꺽저기 (kkeokjeogi)
* 꺽지 (kkeokji)

#### See also

* 쏘가리 (ssogari), 鱖
* 아귀 (agwi), 鮟, 鱇, 鮟鱇

#### References

* National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (2007 January 22 (last accessed)) “꺽정이 [kkeokjeong'i]”, in 표준국어대사전 [pyojun'gugeodaesajeon]‎
* 김, 익수 with 박종영 (2002) “꺽정이”, in 한국의 민물고기, Seoul: Kyo-Hak Publishing, →ISBN, page 328
# gourmandizing
## English
### Verb

gourmandizing
* present participle and gerund of gourmandize

### Noun

gourmandizing (plural gourmandizings)
* Alternative form of gormandizing
# kiikama
## Estonian
### Etymology

From Middle Low German kīken. Cognate to English keek and German gucken.

### Verb

kiikama (da-infinitive kiigata)
* to take a look, to keek, to peek
# kiikan
## Cimbrian
### Etymology

Probably onomatopoeic. Compare dialectal German gicken (“to chirp, shriek”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Verb

kiikan (third-person singular present indicative kiiket, past participle gakiiket, auxiliary haban)
* (Sette Comuni) to scream, shriek, screech
    De main sbéstar kiiket zobìa an junghes rössle.My sister shrieks like a little foal.

#### Derived terms

* kiikar

### References

* “kiikan” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
# Ēfánggōng
## Mandarin
### Romanization

Ēfánggōng (Zhuyin ㄜ ㄈㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄥ)
* Hanyu Pinyin reading of 阿房宮／阿房宫
# ētiskākajai
## Latvian
### Adjective

ētiskākajai
* dative singular feminine of ētiskākais
# ētiskākais
## Latvian
### Adjective

ētiskākais (indefinite ētiskāks, superlative visētiskākais, adverb ētiskāk)
* the more ethical; definite comparative degree of ētisks
# golfan y mynydd
## Welsh
### Pronunciation

* (North Wales) IPA: /ˌɡɔlvan ə ˈmənɨ̞ð/
* (South Wales) IPA: /ˌɡɔlvan ə ˈmənɪð/

### Noun

golfan y mynydd m (plural golfanod y mynydd)
* tree sparrow (Passer montanus)
# 교탁
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 敎卓.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈkjo(ː)tʰa̠k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [교(ː)탁]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

교탁 • (gyotak) (hanja 敎卓)
* teacher's desk in a classroom
# gradaría
## Galician
### Verb

gradaría
* first/third-person singular conditional of gradar

## Spanish
### Verb

gradaría
* first/third-person singular conditional of gradar
# ꯑꯉꯥꯑꯣꯕ
## Manipuri

ꯑꯉꯥꯑꯣꯕ (ʼangaaʼoba)
* mad.
* insane.

### References

* H. Surmangol. Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary. University of Chicago
# kinesrestauranger
## Swedish
### Noun

kinesrestauranger
* indefinite plural of kinesrestaurang
# kinesrestaurangens
## Swedish
### Noun

kinesrestaurangens
* definite genitive singular of kinesrestaurang
# kinesrestaurangs
## Swedish
### Noun

kinesrestaurangs
* indefinite genitive singular of kinesrestaurang
# governant
## Catalan
### Verb

governant
* gerund of governar
# 닉스타말화
## Korean
### Etymology

닉스타말 (nikseutamal, “nixtamal”) +‎ 화(化) (-hwa, “-ization”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [niks͈ɯtʰa̠ma̠ɾβwa̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [닉쓰타말화]

### Noun

닉스타말화 • (nikseutamalhwa) (hanja 닉스타말化)
* nixtamalization

#### See also

* 옥수수 (oksusu)
# 닌자
## Korean
### Etymology

From Japanese 忍者 (ninja).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [niɲd͡ʑa̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [닌자]

### Noun

닌자 • (ninja)
* a ninja (person trained in stealth, espionage, assassination, and ninjutsu)
# graie
## Italian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɡra.je/
* Rhymes: -aje
* Hyphenation: grà‧ie

### Adjective

graie
* feminine plural of graio

### Noun

graie f
* plural of graia

## Norman
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Norse greði.

#### Noun

graie f (plural graies)
* (Jersey) harness; tackle

##### Synonyms

* att'lage (“harness”)

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Old Norse greiða (“to fit out”).

#### Verb

graie
* (Jersey) to arrange, prepare
* (Jersey) to do

##### Derived terms

* r'graie (“to mend”)
# graignor
## Old French
### Alternative forms

* greignor
* gregnor

### Etymology

From Latin grandiōrem, the accusative of grandior.

### Adjective

graignor (oblique singular, nominative singular graindre)
* comparative degree of grant ("bigger").
** c. 1180, Chrétien de Troyes, Perceval ou le conte du Graal:c'onques chevaliers n'ot greignor.There has never been a greater knight.
* superlative degree of grant ("biggest").

#### Descendants

* Middle French: greigneur

### References

* Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX$^e$ au XV$^e$ siècle (1881) (graignor)
# graifan aan
## Cimbrian
### Etymology

From Middle High German angrīfen, anegrīfen, from Old High German anagrīfan (“to touch”), from ana + grīfan. Cognate with German angreifen (“to attack”).

### Verb

graifan aan (strong class 1 , auxiliary haban)
* (Sette Comuni) to touch, feel, grope

### References

* “graifan aan” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
# kitzel
## German
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Verb

kitzel
* inflection of kitzeln:
** first-person singular present
** singular imperative
# kitzala
## Cimbrian
### Etymology

Equivalent to khitz (“kid”) +‎ -ala, though from a variant stem cognate to Alemannic German Gitzi. Compare obsolete Zürich German Gitzella. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

### Noun

kitzala f
* (Sette Comuni) she-goat which has never given birth

### Further reading

* “kitzala” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
# kitvos
## Dutch
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

kitvos m (plural kitvossen, diminutive kitvosje n)
* swift fox (Vulpes velox)

#### Derived terms

* grootoorkitvos
# grafdelvers
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

grafdelvers
* plural of grafdelver
# grafdelver
## Dutch
### Etymology

Compound of graf +‎ delver.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɣrɑfˌdɛl.vər/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: graf‧del‧ver

### Noun

grafdelver m (plural grafdelvers)
* gravedigger
    Synonym: doodgraver
# grafaíocht
## Irish
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Noun

grafaíocht f (genitive singular grafaíochta)
* (art, computing, etc.) graphics

#### Declension

Third declension

#### Derived terms

* clóghrafaíocht

#### Related terms

* -grafaíoch
* -grafaíocht
# ĝojigoton
## Esperanto
### Participle

ĝojigoton
* accusative singular future nominal passive participle of ĝojigi
# ĝojigotojn
## Esperanto
### Participle

ĝojigotojn
* accusative plural future nominal passive participle of ĝojigi
# čistka
## Czech
### Etymology

From čistý +‎ -ka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɪstka]

### Noun

čistka f
* purge

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “čistka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “čistka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “čistka”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

## Serbo-Croatian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /t͡ʃîstka/
* Hyphenation: čist‧ka

### Noun

čȉstka f (Cyrillic spelling чи̏стка)
* purge

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “čistka” in Hrvatski jezični portal
# čistička
## Czech
### Etymology

From čistit +‎ -čka.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [ˈt͡ʃɪscɪt͡ʃka]

### Noun

čistička f
* cleaner, purifier

#### Declension
### Further reading

* “čistička”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
* “čistička”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
* “čistička”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
# kleptolagnin
## Swedish
### Noun

kleptolagnin
* definite singular of kleptolagni
# 된지읒
## Korean
### Etymology

된 (doen) + 지읒 (jieut)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [twe̞ɲd͡ʑiɯt̚] ~ [tø̞ɲd͡ʑiɯt̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [뒌지읃/된지읃]

### Noun

된지읒 • (doenjieut)
* (North Korea) the name of jamo ㅉ (jj), doubled ㅈ (j) in hangul

#### Synonyms

* 쌍지읒 (ssangjieut) (South Korea)
# gorentarem
## Galician
### Verb

gorentarem
* (reintegrationist norm) inflection of gorentar:
** third-person plural future subjunctive
** third-person plural personal infinitive
# kitschness
## English
### Etymology

From kitsch +‎ -ness.

### Noun

kitschness (uncountable)
* The quality of being kitsch.
    Synonym: kitschiness
# kitschs
## Swedish
### Noun

kitschs
* indefinite genitive singular of kitsch
# 과피
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 果皮.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈkwa̠(ː)pʰi]
* Phonetic hangul: [과(ː)피]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

과피 • (gwapi) (hanja 果皮)
* rind, pericarp
# 과학기술
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 科學技術, from 科學 (“science”) + 技術 (“technology”), from an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 科学技術 (kagaku gijutsu).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwa̠ɦa̠k̚ kisʰuɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [과학 기술]

### Noun

과학기술 • (gwahakgisul) (hanja 科學技術)
* science and technology
# graih Hostyn
## Manx
### Noun

graih Hostyn m (genitive singular [please provide], plural [please provide])
* Anglophilia
# graihagh
## Manx
### Etymology

From graih (“love”) +‎ -agh.

### Adjective

graihagh (comparative graihee)
* loving, fond, affectionate
* amorous
* lovable

#### Derived terms

* neughraihagh (“unamiable”)
# þunorclafre
## Old English
### Etymology

From þunor (“thunder”) +‎ clāfre (“clover”)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈθu.norˌklɑːf.re/, [ˈθu.norˌklɑːv.re]

### Noun

þunorclāfre f
* (botany) bugle (Ajuga reptans)
# graffa
## Italian
### Etymology 1

Borrowed from Lombardic krāpho (“hook”). Probably related to grappa.

#### Noun

graffa f (plural graffe)
* brace (punctuation)
* staple, clip

### Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

#### Verb

graffa
* inflection of graffare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative
# grachtenhuisjes
## Dutch
### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)

### Noun

grachtenhuisjes
* plural of grachtenhuisje
# grachtenpand
## Dutch
### Etymology

Compound of gracht (“canal”) +‎ -en- +‎ pand (“house”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ˈɣrɑx.tə(n)ˌpɑnt/
* Audio:(file)
* Hyphenation: grach‧ten‧pand

### Noun

grachtenpand n (plural grachtenpanden, diminutive grachtenpandje n)
* a building located beside an urban canal

#### Hyponyms

* grachtenhuis
# 말씀
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 말ᄊᆞᆷ (malssawm)

### Etymology

From Middle Korean 말ᄊᆞᆷ (mǎlssòm). Cognate to Korean 말씀 (malsseum).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽mals͈ɨm⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [ma̠ɭs͈ɨm]
* Phonetic hangul: [말씀]

### Noun

말씀 (malsseum)
* word or speech

### References

* 제주 문화 예술 재단 [jeju munhwa yesul jaedan] (2009) “말씀”, in 개정 증보 제주어 사전 [gaejeong jeungbo jejueo sajeon]‎, 제주 특별 자치도 [jeju teukbyeol jachido], →ISBN, page 346

## Korean
### Alternative forms

* 말쌈 (malssam) — proscribed
* 말삼 (malsam), 말쌈 (malssam) — dialect
* 말ᄉᆞᆷ (malseum), 말삼 (malsam), 말슴 (malseum) — Early Modern

### Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 말〯ᄊᆞᆷ (Yale: mǎlssòm).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈma̠(ː)ɭs͈ɯm]
* Phonetic hangul: [말(ː)씀]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
* South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 말씀의 / 말씀에 / 말씀까지Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the second syllable, and also heightens the subsequent suffixed syllable.

### Noun

말씀 • (malsseum)
* (honorific) word or speech
** Korean Protestant Bible, Yohan Bogeum (요한복음) (John) 1:1
    태초에 말씀이 계시니라, 이 말씀이 하나님과 함께 계셨으니, 이 말씀은 곧 하나님이시니라.Taecho-e malsseum-i gyesinira, i malsseum-i hananim-gwa hamkke gyesyeosseuni, i malsseum-eun got hananim-isinira.In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.

#### Related terms

* 낱말 (nanmal, “word”)
* 말 (mal, “word, speech, language”)
* 말씀하다 (malsseumhada, “to speak, to say”)
# 말주변
## Korean
### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈma̠(ː)ʎt͡ɕ͈ubjʌ̹n]
* Phonetic hangul: [말(ː)쭈변]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

말주변 • (maljubyeon)
* way of expression, manner of speaking
    나는 말주변이 없다.Na-neun maljubyeon-i eopda.I'm not good with words.
# ġuradi
## Maltese
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /d͡ʒuˈraː.dɪ/
* Rhymes: -aːdɪ

### Noun

ġuradi
* plural of ġurad