# 噁

| 噁 | U+5641, &#22081; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5641 |
| ← 噀 [U+5640] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 噂 → [U+5642] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 噁 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𫫖 |
| Simplified | 恶∣𫫇 |

### Han character

噁 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 口一一心 (RMMP), four-corner 6103$_1$, composition ⿰口惡)

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 208, character 5
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4285
* Dae Jaweon: page 431, character 2
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 681, character 5
* Unihan data for U+5641

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 椏 | *qaːʔ, *qraː |
| 錏 | *qraː |
| 鵶 | *qraː |
| 啞 | *qraːʔ, *qraːɡs, *qraːɡ, *qraːɡ |
| 瘂 | *qraːʔ |
| 亞 | *qraːɡs |
| 婭 | *qraːɡs |
| 俹 | *qraːɡs |
| 稏 | *qraːɡs |
| 惡 | *qaː, *qaːɡs, *qaːɡ |
| 噁 | *qaːɡs |
| 堊 | *qaːɡ |
| 蝁 | *qaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːɡs) : semantic 口 + phonetic 惡 (OC *qaː, *qaːɡs, *qaːɡ).

### Etymology 1
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ě (e$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄜˇ
* Cantonese
    (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ok$^3$
    (Taishan, Wiktionary): ok$^2$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ě
*** Zhuyin: ㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ě
*** Wade–Giles: o$^3$
*** Yale: ě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ee
*** Palladius: э (e)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ok$^3$
*** Yale: ok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: og$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔːk̚³/
** (Taishanese, Taicheng)
*** Wiktionary: ok$^2$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔk̚⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

噁
* Only used in 噁心／恶心 (ěxin).

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wù (wu$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): wu$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wù
*** Zhuyin: ㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wù
*** Wade–Giles: wu$^4$
*** Yale: wù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuh
*** Palladius: у (u)
*** Sinological IPA : /u⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: wu$^3$
*** Yale: wu
*** Cantonese Pinyin: wu$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: wu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /wuː³³/
* Middle Chinese: 'uH
Rime :
| Character | 噁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | I |
| Fanqie | 烏路切 |
| Baxter | 'uH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ʔuo$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ʔuo$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ʔo$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ʔɔ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʔo$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /u$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʔuo$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | wù |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | wu$^3$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*qaːɡs/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 噁 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 14218 |
| Phonetic component | 亞 |
| Rime group | 暮 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 汙 |
| Old Chinese | /*qaːɡs/ |
| Notes | 見史記 |

#### Definitions

噁
* Only used in 喑噁／喑恶 (yīnwù).

### Etymology 3
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): wò (wo$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄨㄛˋ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: wò
*** Zhuyin: ㄨㄛˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: wò
*** Wade–Giles: wo$^4$
*** Yale: wò
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woh
*** Palladius: во (vo)
*** Sinological IPA : /wɔ⁵¹/

#### Definitions

噁
* Only used in 噁噁／恶恶 (wòwò).

### Etymology 4

From English ox(y)-.

#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): è, ě (e$^4$, e$^3$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ, ㄜˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ok$^3$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^7$oq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: è
*** Zhuyin: ㄜˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: è
*** Wade–Giles: o$^4$
*** Yale: è
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: eh
*** Palladius: э (e)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤ⁵¹/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ě
*** Zhuyin: ㄜˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ě
*** Wade–Giles: o$^3$
*** Yale: ě
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ee
*** Palladius: э (e)
*** Sinological IPA : /ˀɤ²¹⁴/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ok$^3$
*** Yale: ok
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ok$^8$
*** Guangdong Romanization: og$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɔːk̚³/
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^7$oq
*** MiniDict: oh$^入$
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^4$oq
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /oʔ⁵⁵/

#### Definitions

噁
* (chemistry) Used in transcription: ox(y)-

#### Compounds

* 二噁烷／二𫫇烷 (èr'èwán)
* 二噁英／二𫫇英 (èr'èyīng)
* 噁丁環／𫫇丁环 (èdīnghuán)
* 噁唑／𫫇唑 (èzuò)
* 噁唑啉／𫫇唑啉 (èzuòlín)
* 噁唑烷／𫫇唑烷 (èzuòwán)
* 噁庚因／𫫇庚因 (ègēngyīn)
* 噁庚英／𫫇庚英 (ègēngyīng)

### Etymology 5
#### Pronunciation

* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): o͘h / o̍͘h
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o͘h
*** Tâi-lô: ooh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oq
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɔʔ³²/
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: o̍͘h
*** Tâi-lô: o̍oh
*** Phofsit Daibuun: oh
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔʔ²⁴/

#### Definitions

噁
* (Hokkien) to vomit
* (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to make a vomiting sound

##### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 嘔吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chengde | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Heihe | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Qiqihar | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 吐, 噦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jiamusi | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Baicheng | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Changchun | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Tonghua | 吐 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 吐, 噦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Jinzhou | 吐, 噦 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 吐, 噦 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Lijin | 吐 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 吐, 噦 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dalian | 吐 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Dandong | 吐, 噦, 嘔 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai | 嘔 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 嘔 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 吐, 嘔 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Zhucheng | 嘔 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Lingbao | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Jining | 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Linfen | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Shangqiu | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Yuanyang | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xinyang | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baihe | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Baoji | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Tianshui | 嘔 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 吐 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Fuyang | 吐, 噦 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) | 噁 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 吐 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 吐 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Dunhuang | 吐 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Hami | 吐 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 吐, 噦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 吐, 發吐, 嘔吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Nanchong | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dazhou | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanyuan | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xichang | 吐, 嘔吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zigong | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 噦, 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 吐, 嘔, 哇 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Yichang | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Xiangyang | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Tianmen | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zunyi | 嘔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Bijie | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liping | 吐, 噦 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Zhaotong | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dali | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mengzi | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 吐 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Jishou | 嘔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Changde | 嘔 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Hanzhong | 吐, 噦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 吐, 噁 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 吐, 噁 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianyungang | 吐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Lianshui | 噦 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 嘔 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Anqing | 吐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Wuhu | 吐 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 噁 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hong'an | 吐, 噦 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Panyu) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Conghua) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou (Zengcheng) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Shunde) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Sanshui) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Zhuhai (Doumen) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Baisha) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Jiangmen (Xinhui) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Kaiping (Chikan) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Enping (Niujiang) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Heshan (Yayao) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Dongguan | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Yangjiang | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Nanning | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Wuzhou | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Yulin | 發嘔 |
| Cantonese | Hepu (Lianzhou) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 嘔 |
| Cantonese | Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) | 嘔 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 嘔 |
| Gan | Lichuan | 吐 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 嘔, 吐 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 嘔, 翻 |
| Hakka | Xingning | 翻, 噁 |
| Hakka | Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Dongguan (Qingxi) | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) | 發嘔 |
| Hakka | Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Yudu | 嘔 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 嘔, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 嘔, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 嘔, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 噁, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 嘔, 翻, 翻肚 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 吐, 貶腹 |
| Hakka | Luchuan (Daqiao) | 吐 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 嘔 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 吐 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 吐 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 吐 |
| Jin | Yangyuan | 吐 |
| Jin | Datong | 吐 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 吐 |
| Jin | Lüliang (Lishi) | 吐 |
| Jin | Changzhi | 吐 |
| Jin | Linhe | 吐 |
| Jin | Jining | 吐 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 吐 |
| Jin | Erenhot | 吐 |
| Jin | Pingshan | 噦 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 吐 |
| Jin | Handan | 吐 |
| Jin | Linzhou | 嘔吐 |
| Jin | Suide | 吐 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 吐, 哊 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 吐, 嘔, 哊, 嘔吐 |
| Eastern Min | Fuqing | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 吐, 噁 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 吐, 噁 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 吐, 噁 |
| Southern Min | Dongshan | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 吐, 掠兔仔, 出酒 due to drunkenness |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Zhangping (Yongfu) | 發吐 |
| Southern Min | Pingnan (Shangdu) | 嘔 |
| Southern Min | Chaozhou | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Shantou | 吐, 嘔, 嘔噦 |
| Southern Min | Shantou (Chenghai) | 吐, 嘔 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Wenchang | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Haikou | 吐 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hainanese) | 吐 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 噦, 嘔 |
| Northern Pinghua | Guilin (Dahe) | 吐 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 嘔 |
| Wu | Shanghai (Chongming) | 嘔 |
| Wu | Suzhou | 嘔 |
| Wu | Danyang | 吐 |
| Wu | Hangzhou | 冒 |
| Wu | Ningbo | 冒 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 吐 |
| Wu | Jinhua | 吐 |
| Xiang | Changsha | 嘔 |
| Xiang | Shuangfeng | 嘔 |
| Xiang | Quanzhou | 嘔 |

#### Compounds

* 噁噁吐／𫫇𫫇吐

### References

* “噁”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𫫖)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: う (u)
* Kan-on: お (o)
* Kan’yō-on: あく (aku)
* Kun: おこる (okoru, 噁る)

## Korean
### Hanja

噁 • (o) (hangeul 오, revised o, McCune–Reischauer o)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

噁: Hán Nôm readings: ạc, ỗ
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.