# 橈

| 橈 | U+6A48, &#27208; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A48 |
| ← 橇 [U+6A47] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 橉 → [U+6A49] |

## Translingual

| Traditional | 橈 |
| Shinjitai (extended) | 𣓤 |
| Simplified | 桡 |

### Han character

橈 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木土土山 (DGGU), four-corner 4491$_1$, composition ⿰木堯)
* bent or twisted piece of wood
* radius (bone of the forearm)
* paddle, oar

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 552, character 25
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15521
* Dae Jaweon: page 941, character 14
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1286, character 8
* Unihan data for U+6A48

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 撓 | *hŋaːw, *rŋaːw, *rnaːwʔ |
| 鐃 | *rŋaːw |
| 譊 | *rŋaːw |
| 橈 | *rŋaːws, *ŋjew |
| 磽 | *ŋ̊ʰreːw, *ŋreːws, *ŋ̊ʰeːwʔ |
| 墝 | *ŋ̊ʰreːw |
| 穘 | *hŋreːw |
| 顤 | *hŋreːw, *ŋeːws |
| 燒 | *hŋjew, *hŋjaws |
| 饒 | *ŋjew, *ŋjaws |
| 蟯 | *ŋjew, *ʔŋew |
| 蕘 | *ŋjew |
| 襓 | *ŋjew |
| 繞 | *ŋjewʔ, *ŋjaws |
| 遶 | *ŋjewʔ |
| 嬈 | *njewʔ, *neːwʔ, *hŋeːws |
| 趬 | *ŋ̊ʰew, *ŋ̊ʰews |
| 蹺 | *ŋ̊ʰew |
| 翹 | *ɡew, *ɡews |
| 澆 | *ŋkeːw, *ŋeːws |
| 驍 | *ŋkeːw |
| 僥 | *kŋeːwʔ, *ŋeːw |
| 堯 | *ŋeːw |
| 垚 | *ŋeːw |
| 嶢 | *ŋeːw |
| 獟 | *ŋeːws |
| 膮 | *hŋeːw, *hŋeːwʔ |
| 嘵 | *hŋeːw |
| 憢 | *hŋeːw |
| 曉 | *hŋeːwʔ |
| 皢 | *hŋeːwʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *rŋaːws, *ŋjew) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).

### Pronunciation 1

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): náo (nao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄋㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): naau$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: náo
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: náo
*** Wade–Giles: nao$^2$
*** Yale: náu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nau
*** Palladius: нао (nao)
*** Sinological IPA : /nɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: naau$^4$
*** Yale: nàauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: naau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: nao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /naːu̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: nraewH
Rime :
| Character | 橈 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 娘 (12) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 奴敎切 |
| Baxter | nraewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɳˠau$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɳᵚau$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nau$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɳaɨw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /nau$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /nau$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /nau$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | naau$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[n]ˤrew-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*rŋaːws/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 橈 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | náo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nræw$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[n]ˁrew-s/ |
| English | bent wood |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 橈 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 14660 |
| Phonetic component | 垚 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 橈 |
| Old Chinese | /*rŋaːws/ |

#### Definitions

橈
* bent
* to distort; to misinterpret; to twist
* to treat unjustly; to wrong
* to disturb; to disrupt
* to weaken; to cripple

### Pronunciation 2

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): ráo, náo (rao$^2$, nao$^2$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄖㄠˊ, ㄋㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu$^4$ / naau$^4$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: ráo
*** Zhuyin: ㄖㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: ráo
*** Wade–Giles: jao$^2$
*** Yale: ráu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rau
*** Palladius: жао (žao)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʐɑʊ̯³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: náo
*** Zhuyin: ㄋㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: náo
*** Wade–Giles: nao$^2$
*** Yale: náu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nau
*** Palladius: нао (nao)
*** Sinological IPA : /nɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jiu$^4$ / naau$^4$
*** Yale: yìuh / nàauh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jiu$^4$ / naau$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yiu$^4$ / nao$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /jiːu̯²¹/, /naːu̯²¹/
* Middle Chinese: nraewH
Rime :
| Character | 橈 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 娘 (12) |
| Final (韻) | 肴 (90) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 奴敎切 |
| Baxter | nraewH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɳˠau$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɳᵚau$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /nau$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɳaɨw$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /nau$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /nau$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /nau$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | nào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | naau$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ew/
    (Zhengzhang): /*ŋjew/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 橈 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | ráo |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ nyew › |
| Old Chinese | /*[ŋ]ew/ (< uvular?) |
| English | oar |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 橈 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 14669 |
| Phonetic component | 垚 |
| Rime group | 宵 |
| Rime subdivision | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 饒 |
| Old Chinese | /*ŋjew/ |

#### Definitions

橈
* paddle; oar

#### Compounds

* 橈動脈／桡动脉
* 橈骨／桡骨
* 肱橈肌／肱桡肌

## Japanese

| Shinjitai (extended) | 𣓤 |
| Kyūjitai | 橈 |

### Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𣓤)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: にょう (nyō)
* Kan-on: どう (dō)、じょう (jō)
* Kun: たわむ (tawamu, 橈む)、かじ (kaji, 橈)

## Korean
### Hanja

橈 (eum 요 (yo))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

## Vietnamese
### Han character

橈: Hán Nôm readings: nạo, nhiêu
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.