# 懲罰
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chéngfá, chěngfá
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ ㄈㄚˊ, ㄔㄥˇ ㄈㄚˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): cing$^4$ fat$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): têng-hoa̍t
    (Teochew, Peng'im): têng$^2$ huêg$^8$ / têng$^2$ huag$^8$
* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^6$zen-vaq
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chéngfá
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄈㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chéngfá
*** Wade–Giles: chʻêng$^2$-fa$^2$
*** Yale: chéng-fá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cherngfar
*** Palladius: чэнфа (čɛnfa)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ fä³⁵/
** (Standard Chinese, variant)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chěngfá
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˇ ㄈㄚˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chěngfá
*** Wade–Giles: chʻêng$^3$-fa$^2$
*** Yale: chěng-fá
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheengfar
*** Palladius: чэнфа (čɛnfa)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fä³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: cing$^4$ fat$^6$
*** Yale: chìhng faht
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsing$^4$ fat$^9$
*** Guangdong Romanization: qing$^4$ fed$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ fɐt̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: têng-hoa̍t
*** Tâi-lô: tîng-hua̍t
*** Phofsit Daibuun: denghoat
*** IPA (Xiamen): /tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚²⁴/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ¹³⁻²² huat̚¹²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /tiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ²³⁻³³ huat̚⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: têng$^2$ huêg$^8$ / têng$^2$ huag$^8$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: théng hue̍k / théng hua̍k
*** Sinological IPA : /tʰeŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ huek̚⁴/, /tʰeŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ huak̚⁴/
* têng2 huêg8 - Chaozhou;
* têng2 huag8 - Shantou.

### Verb

懲罰
* to punish; to penalise
* (Hong Kong, neologism) to patronize a shop percieved as supportive of the pro-democracy movement

#### Synonyms

* (to punish):
* 修理 (xiūlǐ) (slang)
* 制裁 (zhìcái) (literary)
* 懲／惩 (chéng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 懲治／惩治 (chéngzhì)
* 懲艾／惩艾 (chéngyì) (literary)
* 懲處／惩处 (chéngchǔ)
* 懲辦／惩办 (chéngbàn)
* 拾掇 (shíduo) (colloquial)
* 收拾 (colloquial)
* 整治 (zhěngzhì)
* 治
* 治罪 (zhìzuì)
* 發落／发落 (fāluò)
* 科罰／科罚 (kēfá)
* 處分／处分 (chǔfèn)
* 處治／处治 (chǔzhì)
* 處理／处理
* 處置／处置 (chǔzhì)
* 處罰／处罚 (chǔfá)
* 討治／讨治 (tǎozhì) (literary)
* 責罰／责罚 (zéfá)
* 辦罪／办罪 (bànzuì) (dated)
* 醫／医 (yi$^1$) (Sichuanese)
* 醫治／医治 (yi$^1$ zi$^4$) (Sichuanese)

#### Antonyms

* (antonym(s) of “to punish”): 獎勵／奖励 (jiǎnglì)

### Noun

懲罰
* punishment; penalty
    應有的懲罰／应有的惩罚 ― yīngyǒu de chéngfá ― deserved punishment

### Derived terms

* 懲罰性／惩罚性 (chéngfáxìng)

### Descendants

* → Japanese: 懲罰(ちょうばつ) (chōbatsu)
* → Korean: 징벌(懲罰) (jingbeol)
* → Vietnamese: trừng phạt (懲罰)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 懲 | 罰 |
| ちょう Grade: S | ばつ Grade: S |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spelling
* 懲罰 (kyūjitai)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [t͡ɕo̞ːba̠t͡sɨ]

### Noun

懲(ちょう)罰(ばつ) • (chōbatsu)
* punishment
* discipline

### Verb

懲(ちょう)罰(ばつ)する • (chōbatsu suru) suru (stem 懲(ちょう)罰(ばつ)し (chōbatsu shi), past 懲(ちょう)罰(ばつ)した (chōbatsu shita))
* to punish
* to discipline

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 懲罰し | ちょうばつし | chōbatsu shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 懲罰し | ちょうばつし | chōbatsu shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 懲罰する | ちょうばつする | chōbatsu suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 懲罰する | ちょうばつする | chōbatsu suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 懲罰すれ | ちょうばつすれ | chōbatsu sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 懲罰せよ¹ 懲罰しろ² | ちょうばつせよ¹ ちょうばつしろ² | chōbatsu seyo¹ chōbatsu shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 懲罰される | ちょうばつされる | chōbatsu sareru |
| Causative | 懲罰させる 懲罰さす | ちょうばつさせる ちょうばつさす | chōbatsu saseru chōbatsu sasu |
| Potential | 懲罰できる | ちょうばつできる | chōbatsu dekiru |
| Volitional | 懲罰しよう | ちょうばつしよう | chōbatsu shiyō |
| Negative | 懲罰しない | ちょうばつしない | chōbatsu shinai |
| Negative continuative | 懲罰せず | ちょうばつせず | chōbatsu sezu |
| Formal | 懲罰します | ちょうばつします | chōbatsu shimasu |
| Perfective | 懲罰した | ちょうばつした | chōbatsu shita |
| Conjunctive | 懲罰して | ちょうばつして | chōbatsu shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 懲罰すれば | ちょうばつすれば | chōbatsu sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 懲 | 罰 |

### Noun

懲罰 • (jingbeol) (hangeul 징벌)
* hanja form of 징벌 (“punishment; penalty”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 懲 | 罰 |

### Verb

懲罰
* chữ Hán form of trừng phạt (“to punish; to chastise”).