# قزح
## Arabic
### Etymology

From the root ق ز ح (q-z-ḥ). Compare Hebrew קֶצַח (qeṣaḥ, “black cumin (Nigella sativa))”). Jewish Palestinian Aramaic קִיצְחָא (qiṣḥā, “black cumin (Nigella sativa))”) is likely a Hebraism. But there is also Ugaritic 𐎖𐎕𐎈 (qṣḥ, “black cumin (Nigella sativa)”). Whereas the Classical Syriac lexicographers give ܟܷܣܚܳܐ (kesḥā, “small onion”).

### Verb

قَزَحَ • (qazaḥa) I (non-past يَقْزَحُ (yaqzaḥu), verbal noun قَزْح (qazḥ))
* (transitive) to put scents to, to add aromates to

#### Conjugation
### Verb

قَزَحَ • (qazaḥa) I (non-past يَقْزَحُ (yaqzaḥu), verbal noun قُزُوح (quzūḥ) or قَزَحَان (qazaḥān) or قَزْح (qazḥ))
* (intransitive) to splash, to emit driblets, to spatter

#### Conjugation
### Verb

قَزَّحَ • (qazzaḥa) II (non-past يُقَزِّحُ (yuqazziḥu), verbal noun تَقْزِيح (taqzīḥ))
* (transitive) to put scents to, to add aromates to
* (transitive) to embellish, to dress up, to formulate exquisitely
    Synonym: دَبَّجَ (dabbaja)

#### Conjugation
### Noun

قَزْح • (qazḥ) m
* verbal noun of قَزَحَ (qazaḥa) (form I)
* dog urine

#### Declension
### Proper noun

قُزَح • (quzaḥ) m
* a god or demon of the rainstorm of the pagan Arabs, translatable as “thunder god” or “rain demon”. Related to a certain ritual of “standing” (وُقُوف (wuqūf)) performed at a hill (the hill termed جَبَل قُزَح (jabal quzaḥ), now جَبَل عَرَفَة (jabal ʕarafa, “Mount Arafat”)) east of Mecca at dawn where he was apparently believed to dwell, or perhaps the hill itself was deified.
** 7th century CE, Jamīʿ at-Tirmiḏiyy, 9:78:فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ أَتَى قُزَحَ فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ «هَذَا قُزَحُ وَهُوَ الْمَوْقِفُ وَجَمْعٌ كُلُّهَا مَوْقِفٌ»falammā ʔaṣbaḥa ʔatā quzaḥa fawaqafa ʕalayhi waqāla “haḏā quzaḥu wahuwa l-mawqifu wajamʕun kulluhā mawqifun”When it became morning he went to quzaḥ and stood at him and said: “This is quzaḥ, and it is the place of standing, and all of jamʿ is a place for standing.”

#### Derived terms

* قَوْس قُزَح (qaws quzaḥ, “rainbow”)

### Noun

قِزْح • (qizḥ) m (collective, singulative قِزْحَة f (qizḥa), plural أَقْزَاح (ʔaqzāḥ))
* black cumin (Nigella sativa)
    Synonyms: شُونِيز (šūnīz), حَبَّة سَوْدَاءُ (ḥabba sawdāʔ), كَمُّون أَسْوَد (kammūn ʔaswad)
* onion seeds
* anything scented added to dishes while cooking
* serpent excrement

#### Declension
### References

* Al-Azmeh, Aziz (2014) The Emergence of Islam in Late Antiquity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 187
* Baldick, Julian (1997) Black God. The Afroasiatic Roots of the Jewish, Christian and Muslim religions., London: I. B. Tauris, →ISBN, page 30
* Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “قزح”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 342
* Freytag, Georg (1835) “قزح”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 439
* Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 75
* Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 120–123
* Seeger, Ulrich (2009) Der arabische Dialekt der Dörfer um Ramallah (Semitica Viva; 44, 1/2), volume 2: Glossar, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 210
* Seetzen, Ulrich Jasper (1805) Friedrich Karl Hermann Kruse, editor, Reisen durch Syrien, Palästina, Phönicien, die Transjordan-Länder, Arabia Petraea und Unter-Aegypten‎, volume 1, Berlin: G. Reimer, published 1854, page 123
* Watson, Wilfred G. E. (2004) “A Botanical Snapshot of Ugaritic”, in Aula Orientalis‎, volume 22, number 1, Barcelona, page 123
* “قزح” in Almaany
* “qṣḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
* “ksḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–

## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic قُزَح (quzaḥ).

### Proper noun

قزح • (Kuzah)
* Kuzah, a god or demon of the pagan Arabs who presided over clouds, meteors and rainstorms

#### Derived terms

* قوس قزح (kus kuzah, “rainbow”)

#### Descendants

* Turkish: Kuzah

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kuzah”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2876
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “قزح”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 959
* Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “قزح”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 3689
* Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قزح”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1453