# vamisa
## Zulu
### Etymology

From -vama +‎ -isa.

### Verb

-vamisa$^?$
* (transitive) to standardize

#### Inflection

Tone unknown :
| Infinitive | ukuvamisa |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuvamisa | ukungavamisi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | vamisa | -vamise |
| Plural | vamisani | -vamiseni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyavamisa, ngivamisa | engivamisayo, engivamisa | ngivamisa | angivamisi | engingavamisi | ngingavamisi |
| 2nd singular | uyavamisa, uvamisa | ovamisayo, ovamisa | uvamisa | awuvamisi | ongavamisi | ungavamisi |
| 1st plural | siyavamisa, sivamisa | esivamisayo, esivamisa | sivamisa | asivamisi | esingavamisi | singavamisi |
| 2nd plural | niyavamisa, nivamisa | enivamisayo, enivamisa | nivamisa | anivamisi | eningavamisi | ningavamisi |
| Class 1 | uyavamisa, uvamisa | ovamisayo, ovamisa | evamisa | akavamisi | ongavamisi | engavamisi |
| Class 2 | bayavamisa, bavamisa | abavamisayo, abavamisa | bevamisa | abavamisi | abangavamisi | bengavamisi |
| Class 3 | uyavamisa, uvamisa | ovamisayo, ovamisa | uvamisa | awuvamisi | ongavamisi | ungavamisi |
| Class 4 | iyavamisa, ivamisa | evamisayo, evamisa | ivamisa | ayivamisi | engavamisi | ingavamisi |
| Class 5 | liyavamisa, livamisa | elivamisayo, elivamisa | livamisa | alivamisi | elingavamisi | lingavamisi |
| Class 6 | ayavamisa, avamisa | avamisayo, avamisa | evamisa | awavamisi | angavamisi | engavamisi |
| Class 7 | siyavamisa, sivamisa | esivamisayo, esivamisa | sivamisa | asivamisi | esingavamisi | singavamisi |
| Class 8 | ziyavamisa, zivamisa | ezivamisayo, ezivamisa | zivamisa | azivamisi | ezingavamisi | zingavamisi |
| Class 9 | iyavamisa, ivamisa | evamisayo, evamisa | ivamisa | ayivamisi | engavamisi | ingavamisi |
| Class 10 | ziyavamisa, zivamisa | ezivamisayo, ezivamisa | zivamisa | azivamisi | ezingavamisi | zingavamisi |
| Class 11 | luyavamisa, luvamisa | oluvamisayo, oluvamisa | luvamisa | aluvamisi | olungavamisi | lungavamisi |
| Class 14 | buyavamisa, buvamisa | obuvamisayo, obuvamisa | buvamisa | abuvamisi | obungavamisi | bungavamisi |
| Class 15 | kuyavamisa, kuvamisa | okuvamisayo, okuvamisa | kuvamisa | akuvamisi | okungavamisi | kungavamisi |
| Class 17 | kuyavamisa, kuvamisa | okuvamisayo, okuvamisa | kuvamisa | akuvamisi | okungavamisi | kungavamisi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngivamisile, ngivamisē | engivamisile, engivamisē | ngivamisile, ngivamisē | angivamisanga | engingavamisanga | ngingavamisanga |
| 2nd singular | uvamisile, uvamisē | ovamisile, ovamisē | uvamisile, uvamisē | awuvamisanga | ongavamisanga | ungavamisanga |
| 1st plural | sivamisile, sivamisē | esivamisile, esivamisē | sivamisile, sivamisē | asivamisanga | esingavamisanga | singavamisanga |
| 2nd plural | nivamisile, nivamisē | enivamisile, enivamisē | nivamisile, nivamisē | anivamisanga | eningavamisanga | ningavamisanga |
| Class 1 | uvamisile, uvamisē | ovamisile, ovamisē | evamisile, evamisē | akavamisanga | ongavamisanga | engavamisanga |
| Class 2 | bavamisile, bavamisē | abavamisile, abavamisē | bevamisile, bevamisē | abavamisanga | abangavamisanga | bengavamisanga |
| Class 3 | uvamisile, uvamisē | ovamisile, ovamisē | uvamisile, uvamisē | awuvamisanga | ongavamisanga | ungavamisanga |
| Class 4 | ivamisile, ivamisē | evamisile, evamisē | ivamisile, ivamisē | ayivamisanga | engavamisanga | ingavamisanga |
| Class 5 | livamisile, livamisē | elivamisile, elivamisē | livamisile, livamisē | alivamisanga | elingavamisanga | lingavamisanga |
| Class 6 | avamisile, avamisē | avamisile, avamisē | evamisile, evamisē | awavamisanga | angavamisanga | engavamisanga |
| Class 7 | sivamisile, sivamisē | esivamisile, esivamisē | sivamisile, sivamisē | asivamisanga | esingavamisanga | singavamisanga |
| Class 8 | zivamisile, zivamisē | ezivamisile, ezivamisē | zivamisile, zivamisē | azivamisanga | ezingavamisanga | zingavamisanga |
| Class 9 | ivamisile, ivamisē | evamisile, evamisē | ivamisile, ivamisē | ayivamisanga | engavamisanga | ingavamisanga |
| Class 10 | zivamisile, zivamisē | ezivamisile, ezivamisē | zivamisile, zivamisē | azivamisanga | ezingavamisanga | zingavamisanga |
| Class 11 | luvamisile, luvamisē | oluvamisile, oluvamisē | luvamisile, luvamisē | aluvamisanga | olungavamisanga | lungavamisanga |
| Class 14 | buvamisile, buvamisē | obuvamisile, obuvamisē | buvamisile, buvamisē | abuvamisanga | obungavamisanga | bungavamisanga |
| Class 15 | kuvamisile, kuvamisē | okuvamisile, okuvamisē | kuvamisile, kuvamisē | akuvamisanga | okungavamisanga | kungavamisanga |
| Class 17 | kuvamisile, kuvamisē | okuvamisile, okuvamisē | kuvamisile, kuvamisē | akuvamisanga | okungavamisanga | kungavamisanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāvamisa | engāvamisa | ngāvamisa | angivamisanga | engingavamisanga | ngingavamisanga |
| 2nd singular | wāvamisa | owāvamisa | wāvamisa | awuvamisanga | ongavamisanga | ungavamisanga |
| 1st plural | sāvamisa | esāvamisa | sāvamisa | asivamisanga | esingavamisanga | singavamisanga |
| 2nd plural | nāvamisa | enāvamisa | nāvamisa | anivamisanga | eningavamisanga | ningavamisanga |
| Class 1 | wāvamisa | owāvamisa | āvamisa | akavamisanga | ongavamisanga | engavamisanga |
| Class 2 | bāvamisa | abāvamisa | bāvamisa | abavamisanga | abangavamisanga | bengavamisanga |
| Class 3 | wāvamisa | owāvamisa | wāvamisa | awuvamisanga | ongavamisanga | ungavamisanga |
| Class 4 | yāvamisa | eyāvamisa | yāvamisa | ayivamisanga | engavamisanga | ingavamisanga |
| Class 5 | lāvamisa | elāvamisa | lāvamisa | alivamisanga | elingavamisanga | lingavamisanga |
| Class 6 | āvamisa | āvamisa | āvamisa | awavamisanga | angavamisanga | engavamisanga |
| Class 7 | sāvamisa | esāvamisa | sāvamisa | asivamisanga | esingavamisanga | singavamisanga |
| Class 8 | zāvamisa | ezāvamisa | zāvamisa | azivamisanga | ezingavamisanga | zingavamisanga |
| Class 9 | yāvamisa | eyāvamisa | yāvamisa | ayivamisanga | engavamisanga | ingavamisanga |
| Class 10 | zāvamisa | ezāvamisa | zāvamisa | azivamisanga | ezingavamisanga | zingavamisanga |
| Class 11 | lwāvamisa | olwāvamisa | lwāvamisa | aluvamisanga | olungavamisanga | lungavamisanga |
| Class 14 | bāvamisa | obāvamisa | bāvamisa | abuvamisanga | obungavamisanga | bungavamisanga |
| Class 15 | kwāvamisa | okwāvamisa | kwāvamisa | akuvamisanga | okungavamisanga | kungavamisanga |
| Class 17 | kwāvamisa | okwāvamisa | kwāvamisa | akuvamisanga | okungavamisanga | kungavamisanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingavamisa | — | ngingavamisa | ngingevamise | — | ngingevamise |
| 2nd singular | ungavamisa | — | ungavamisa | ungevamise | — | ungevamise |
| 1st plural | singavamisa | — | singavamisa | singevamise | — | singevamise |
| 2nd plural | ningavamisa | — | ningavamisa | ningevamise | — | ningevamise |
| Class 1 | angavamisa | — | engavamisa | angevamise | — | engevamise |
| Class 2 | bangavamisa | — | bengavamisa | bangevamise | — | bengevamise |
| Class 3 | ungavamisa | — | ungavamisa | ungevamise | — | ungevamise |
| Class 4 | ingavamisa | — | ingavamisa | ingevamise | — | ingevamise |
| Class 5 | lingavamisa | — | lingavamisa | lingevamise | — | lingevamise |
| Class 6 | angavamisa | — | engavamisa | angevamise | — | engevamise |
| Class 7 | singavamisa | — | singavamisa | singevamise | — | singevamise |
| Class 8 | zingavamisa | — | zingavamisa | zingevamise | — | zingevamise |
| Class 9 | ingavamisa | — | ingavamisa | ingevamise | — | ingevamise |
| Class 10 | zingavamisa | — | zingavamisa | zingevamise | — | zingevamise |
| Class 11 | lungavamisa | — | lungavamisa | lungevamise | — | lungevamise |
| Class 14 | bungavamisa | — | bungavamisa | bungevamise | — | bungevamise |
| Class 15 | kungavamisa | — | kungavamisa | kungevamise | — | kungevamise |
| Class 17 | kungavamisa | — | kungavamisa | kungevamise | — | kungevamise |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizovamisa | engizovamisa | ngizovamisa | angizuvamisa | engingezuvamisa | ngingezuvamisa |
| 2nd singular | uzovamisa | ozovamisa | uzovamisa | awuzuvamisa | ongezuvamisa | ungezuvamisa |
| 1st plural | sizovamisa | esizovamisa | sizovamisa | asizuvamisa | esingezuvamisa | singezuvamisa |
| 2nd plural | nizovamisa | enizovamisa | nizovamisa | anizuvamisa | eningezuvamisa | ningezuvamisa |
| Class 1 | uzovamisa | ozovamisa | ezovamisa | akazuvamisa | ongezuvamisa | engezuvamisa |
| Class 2 | bazovamisa | abazovamisa | bezovamisa | abazuvamisa | abangezuvamisa | bengezuvamisa |
| Class 3 | uzovamisa | ozovamisa | uzovamisa | awuzuvamisa | ongezuvamisa | ungezuvamisa |
| Class 4 | izovamisa | ezovamisa | izovamisa | ayizuvamisa | engezuvamisa | ingezuvamisa |
| Class 5 | lizovamisa | elizovamisa | lizovamisa | alizuvamisa | elingezuvamisa | lingezuvamisa |
| Class 6 | azovamisa | azovamisa | ezovamisa | awazuvamisa | angezuvamisa | engezuvamisa |
| Class 7 | sizovamisa | esizovamisa | sizovamisa | asizuvamisa | esingezuvamisa | singezuvamisa |
| Class 8 | zizovamisa | ezizovamisa | zizovamisa | azizuvamisa | ezingezuvamisa | zingezuvamisa |
| Class 9 | izovamisa | ezovamisa | izovamisa | ayizuvamisa | engezuvamisa | ingezuvamisa |
| Class 10 | zizovamisa | ezizovamisa | zizovamisa | azizuvamisa | ezingezuvamisa | zingezuvamisa |
| Class 11 | luzovamisa | oluzovamisa | luzovamisa | aluzuvamisa | olungezuvamisa | lungezuvamisa |
| Class 14 | buzovamisa | obuzovamisa | buzovamisa | abuzuvamisa | obungezuvamisa | bungezuvamisa |
| Class 15 | kuzovamisa | okuzovamisa | kuzovamisa | akuzuvamisa | okungezuvamisa | kungezuvamisa |
| Class 17 | kuzovamisa | okuzovamisa | kuzovamisa | akuzuvamisa | okungezuvamisa | kungezuvamisa |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyovamisa | engiyovamisa | ngiyovamisa | angiyuvamisa | engingeyuvamisa | ngingeyuvamisa |
| 2nd singular | uyovamisa | oyovamisa | uyovamisa | awuyuvamisa | ongeyuvamisa | ungeyuvamisa |
| 1st plural | siyovamisa | esiyovamisa | siyovamisa | asiyuvamisa | esingeyuvamisa | singeyuvamisa |
| 2nd plural | niyovamisa | eniyovamisa | niyovamisa | aniyuvamisa | eningeyuvamisa | ningeyuvamisa |
| Class 1 | uyovamisa | oyovamisa | eyovamisa | akayuvamisa | ongeyuvamisa | engeyuvamisa |
| Class 2 | bayovamisa | abayovamisa | beyovamisa | abayuvamisa | abangeyuvamisa | bengeyuvamisa |
| Class 3 | uyovamisa | oyovamisa | uyovamisa | awuyuvamisa | ongeyuvamisa | ungeyuvamisa |
| Class 4 | iyovamisa | eyovamisa | iyovamisa | ayiyuvamisa | engeyuvamisa | ingeyuvamisa |
| Class 5 | liyovamisa | eliyovamisa | liyovamisa | aliyuvamisa | elingeyuvamisa | lingeyuvamisa |
| Class 6 | ayovamisa | ayovamisa | eyovamisa | awayuvamisa | angeyuvamisa | engeyuvamisa |
| Class 7 | siyovamisa | esiyovamisa | siyovamisa | asiyuvamisa | esingeyuvamisa | singeyuvamisa |
| Class 8 | ziyovamisa | eziyovamisa | ziyovamisa | aziyuvamisa | ezingeyuvamisa | zingeyuvamisa |
| Class 9 | iyovamisa | eyovamisa | iyovamisa | ayiyuvamisa | engeyuvamisa | ingeyuvamisa |
| Class 10 | ziyovamisa | eziyovamisa | ziyovamisa | aziyuvamisa | ezingeyuvamisa | zingeyuvamisa |
| Class 11 | luyovamisa | oluyovamisa | luyovamisa | aluyuvamisa | olungeyuvamisa | lungeyuvamisa |
| Class 14 | buyovamisa | obuyovamisa | buyovamisa | abuyuvamisa | obungeyuvamisa | bungeyuvamisa |
| Class 15 | kuyovamisa | okuyovamisa | kuyovamisa | akuyuvamisa | okungeyuvamisa | kungeyuvamisa |
| Class 17 | kuyovamisa | okuyovamisa | kuyovamisa | akuyuvamisa | okungeyuvamisa | kungeyuvamisa |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngivamise | ngingavamisi |
| 2nd singular | uvamise | ungavamisi |
| 1st plural | sivamise | singavamisi |
| 2nd plural | nivamise | ningavamisi |
| Class 1 | avamise | angavamisi |
| Class 2 | bavamise | bangavamisi |
| Class 3 | uvamise | ungavamisi |
| Class 4 | ivamise | ingavamisi |
| Class 5 | livamise | lingavamisi |
| Class 6 | avamise | angavamisi |
| Class 7 | sivamise | singavamisi |
| Class 8 | zivamise | zingavamisi |
| Class 9 | ivamise | ingavamisi |
| Class 10 | zivamise | zingavamisi |
| Class 11 | luvamise | lungavamisi |
| Class 14 | buvamise | bungavamisi |
| Class 15 | kuvamise | kungavamisi |
| Class 17 | kuvamise | kungavamisi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngavamisa | ngangavamisa, angavamisa, angangavamisa |
| 2nd singular | wavamisa | wangavamisa, awavamisa, awangavamisa |
| 1st plural | savamisa | sangavamisa, asavamisa, asangavamisa |
| 2nd plural | navamisa | nangavamisa, anavamisa, anangavamisa |
| Class 1 | wavamisa | wangavamisa, akavamisa, akangavamisa |
| Class 2 | bavamisa | bangavamisa, abavamisa, abangavamisa |
| Class 3 | wavamisa | wangavamisa, awavamisa, awangavamisa |
| Class 4 | yavamisa | yangavamisa, ayavamisa, ayangavamisa |
| Class 5 | lavamisa | langavamisa, alavamisa, alangavamisa |
| Class 6 | avamisa | angavamisa, awavamisa, awangavamisa |
| Class 7 | savamisa | sangavamisa, asavamisa, asangavamisa |
| Class 8 | zavamisa | zangavamisa, azavamisa, azangavamisa |
| Class 9 | yavamisa | yangavamisa, ayavamisa, ayangavamisa |
| Class 10 | zavamisa | zangavamisa, azavamisa, azangavamisa |
| Class 11 | lwavamisa | lwangavamisa, alwavamisa, alwangavamisa |
| Class 14 | bavamisa | bangavamisa, abavamisa, abangavamisa |
| Class 15 | kwavamisa | kwangavamisa, akwavamisa, akwangavamisa |
| Class 17 | kwavamisa | kwangavamisa, akwavamisa, akwangavamisa |