# 壽命
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): shòumìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄕㄡˋ ㄇㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): sau$^6$ ming$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): siū-miā
    (Teochew, Peng'im): siu$^7$ mian$^7$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: shòumìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄕㄡˋ ㄇㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: shòumìng
*** Wade–Giles: shou$^4$-ming$^4$
*** Yale: shòu-mìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: showminq
*** Palladius: шоумин (šoumin)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʂoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ miŋ⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$受命 壽命／寿命 授命
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: sau$^6$ ming$^6$
*** Yale: sauh mihng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: sau$^6$ ming$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: seo$^6$ ming$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /sɐu̯²² mɪŋ²²/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$壽命／寿命 授命
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siū-miā
*** Tâi-lô: siū-miā
*** Phofsit Daibuun: siuxmia
*** IPA (Xiamen): /siu²²⁻²¹ miã²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /siu⁴¹⁻²² miã⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /siu²²⁻²¹ miã²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /siu³³⁻¹¹ miã³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu³³⁻²¹ miã³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: siu$^7$ mian$^7$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siū miāⁿ
*** Sinological IPA : /siu¹¹ mĩã¹¹/
* Middle Chinese: dzyuwX|dzyuwH mjaengH
Rime :
| Character | 壽 | 壽 | 命 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 常 (25) | 常 (25) | 明 (4) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) | 庚 (111) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 殖酉切 | 承呪切 | 眉病切 |
| Baxter | dzyuwX | dzyuwH | mjaengH |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʑɨu$^X$/ | /d͡ʑɨu$^H$/ | /mˠiæŋ$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /d͡ʑiu$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiu$^H$/ | /mᵚiaŋ$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʑiəu$^X$/ | /d͡ʑiəu$^H$/ | /miaŋ$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /d͡ʑuw$^X$/ | /d͡ʑuw$^H$/ | /miajŋ$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ʑiu$^X$/ | /ʑiu$^H$/ | /miɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ʑĭəu$^X$/ | /ʑĭəu$^H$/ | /mĭɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ʑi̯ə̯u$^X$/ | /ʑi̯ə̯u$^H$/ | /mi̯ɐŋ$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | shòu | shòu | mìng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | sau$^6$ | sau$^6$ | ming$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*[N-t]uʔ|[N-t]uʔ-s m-riŋ-s/
    (Zhengzhang): /*djuʔ|djus mreŋs/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 壽 | 壽 | 命 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | shòu | shòu | mìng |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ dzyuw$^X$ › | ‹ dzyuw$^H$ › | ‹ mjæng$^H$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*[N-t]uʔ/ | /*[N-t]uʔ-s/ | /*m-riŋ-s/ (dialect: *m-r- > *mr-, *-iŋ> *-eŋ) |
| English | longevity | longevity | command (n.) |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. ||||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 壽 | 壽 | 命 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 11707 | 11709 | 8275 |
| Phonetic component | 壽 | 壽 | 令 |
| Rime group | 幽 | 幽 | 耕 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 受 | 授 | 命 |
| Old Chinese | /*djuʔ/ | /*djus/ | /*mreŋs/ |
| Notes | | | 令轉註字 |

### Noun

壽命
* life; lifespan
    From: The Verses of Chu, 4th century BCE – 2nd century CE
    Yǒng yí jué shēn, bǎo shòumìng zhǐ. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Dǎocí míngshān zhū shén, yǐ yán shòumìng. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
* product life; service life

#### Derived terms

* 平均壽命／平均寿命 (píngjūn shòumìng)
* 預期壽命／预期寿命 (yùqī shòumìng)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 寿命(じゅみょう) (jumyō)
* → Korean: 수명(壽命) (sumyeong)
* → Vietnamese: thọ mệnh (壽命)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 壽 | 命 |
| じゅ Jinmeiyō | みょう Grade: 3 |
| goon ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 壽命 – see the following entry. :
| 【寿命じゅみょう】 | [noun] age (whole duration of a being), lifespan [noun] being at the end of one's lifespan |
(This term, 壽命, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 壽 | 命 |

### Noun

壽命 • (sumyeong) (hangeul 수명)
* hanja form of 수명 (“lifespan”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 壽 | 命 |

### Noun

壽命
* chữ Hán form of thọ mệnh (“lifespan”).