# 階級
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jiējí
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝ ㄐㄧˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): gaai$^1$ kap$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiê-kip
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kai-khip / kai-kip
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jiējí
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝ ㄐㄧˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jiejí
*** Wade–Giles: chieh$^1$-chi$^2$
*** Yale: jyē-jí
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiejyi
*** Palladius: цзецзи (czeczi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: gaai$^1$ kap$^1$
*** Yale: gāai kāp
*** Cantonese Pinyin: gaai$^1$ kap$^7$
*** Guangdong Romanization: gai$^1$ keb$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /kaːi̯⁵⁵ kʰɐp̚⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiê-kip
*** Hakka Romanization System: gie$^ˊ$ gib$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: gie$^1$ gib$^5$
*** Sinological IPA: /ki̯e²⁴ kip̚²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kai-khip
*** Tâi-lô: kai-khip
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kai'qib
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kai³³ kʰip̚⁵/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kai-kip
*** Tâi-lô: kai-kip
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kai'kib
*** IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kai⁴⁴⁻³³ kip̚³²/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kai⁴⁴⁻²² kip̚³²/
* Middle Chinese: keaj kip
Rime :
| Character | 階 | 級 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 見 (28) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 皆 (33) | 緝 (142) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | II | III |
| Fanqie | 古諧切 | 居立切 |
| Baxter | keaj | kip |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /kˠɛi/ | /kˠiɪp̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /kᵚæi/ | /kᵚip̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /kɐi/ | /kiep̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /kəɨj/ | /kjip̚/ |
| Li Rong | /kɛi/ | /kjəp̚/ |
| Wang Li | /kɐi/ | /kĭĕp̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /kăi/ | /ki̯əp̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jiē | ji |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gaai$^1$ | gap$^1$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤrij k(r)əp/
    (Zhengzhang): /*kriːl krɯb/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 階 | 級 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | jiē | jí |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ kɛj › | ‹ kip › |
| Old Chinese | /*kˁrij/ | /*k(r)əp/ |
| English | steps, stairs | degree, grade |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 階 | 級 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 6417 | 5659 |
| Phonetic component | 皆 | 及 |
| Rime group | 脂 | 緝 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 皆 | 急 |
| Old Chinese | /*kriːl/ | /*krɯb/ |

### Noun

階級
* class (social division based on socio-economic status)
    階級矛盾／阶级矛盾 ― jiējí máodùn ― class conflict
    剝削階級／剥削阶级 ― bōxuē jiējí ― exploiting class
    階級統治／阶级统治 ― jiējí tǒngzhì ― class rule
       quánshìjiè bèi yāpò jiējí [Pinyin]
       the oppressed classes of the world
* (literary) step (on a flight of stairs)
* (literary) rank of an official

#### Synonyms

* (class): 階層／阶层 (jiēcéng)

#### Derived terms

* 中產階級／中产阶级 (zhōngchǎn jiējí)
* 勞動階級／劳动阶级 (láodòng jiējí)
* 工人階級／工人阶级 (gōngrén jiējí)
* 有產階級／有产阶级 (yǒuchǎn jiējí)
* 無產階級／无产阶级 (wúchǎn jiējí)
* 無產階級專政／无产阶级专政 (wúchǎn jiējí zhuānzhèng)
* 社會階級／社会阶级 (shèhuì jiējí)
* 統治階級／统治阶级 (tǒngzhì jiējí)
* 自在階級／自在阶级 (zìzài jiējí)
* 自為階級／自为阶级 (zìwèi jiējí)
* 資本階級／资本阶级 (zīběn jiējí)
* 資產階級／资产阶级 (zīchǎn jiējí)
* 農民階級／农民阶级 (nóngmín jiējí)
* 階級性／阶级性 (jiējíxìng)
* 階級鬥爭／阶级斗争 (jiējí dòuzhēng)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 階 | 級 |
| かい Grade: 3 | きゅう Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かいきゅう [kàíkyúú] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠ikʲɨː]

### Noun

階(かい)級(きゅう) • (kaikyū)
* social standing, (social) status, (social) class

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 階 | 級 |

### Noun

階級 • (gyegeup or McCune-Reischauer: kyegŭp or Yale: kyeykup) (hangeul 계급)
* hanja form of 계급 (“class”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 階 | 級 |

### Noun

階級
* chữ Hán form of giai cấp (“class”).