# peristylium
## English
### Etymology

Borrowed from Latin peristylium.

### Noun

peristylium (plural peristyliums or peristylia)
* (chiefly in ancient Roman contexts) A peristyle.
    Synonym: peristylum
** 1875, Ernst Guhl, W[ilhelm] Koner, translated by F. Hueffer, The Life of the Greeks and Romans, Described From Antique Monuments, London: Chapman and Hall, page 362:A similar design we find in the peristylium of the Casa della Caccia, or di Dedalo e Pasifae, but for its being still more irregular, owing to the want of a rectangular termination; the atrium of this house also is spacious, and perfectly regular.
** 1886, S. Russell Forbes, Rambles in Naples: An Archaeological and Historical Guide to the Museums, Galleries, Villas, Churches, and Antiquities of Naples and Its Environs, 3rd edition, London: T. Nelson and Sons, page 62:This house, like many others at the time of the destruction of the city, was undergoing repairs—one of the sides of the peristylium being left unfrescoed, the other being finished.
** 1941, Henryk Sienkiewicz, translated by Monica M[ary] Gardner, Quo Vadis?, London, New York, N.Y.: Dent; Dutton, page 430:Yet still the peristylia of lordly mansions were decked with flowers and wreathed with ivy, for it was forbidden to manifest any signs of grief.
** 1964, LeGette Blythe, Man on Fire, New York, N.Y.: Funk & Wagnalls Company, page 343:"If she should discover that I had enlisted with slaves and shopkeepers in the Galilean's fellowship"—Claudia shrugged, left unfinished her observation. She crossed the mosaic of the terrace's paving and entered the peristylium.
** 2016, Alan Smale, Eagle in Exile (The Clash of Eagles; 2), London: Titan Books, →ISBN, page 435:Escorted back to the Praetorium building two hours later wearing a simple Roman tunic, Marcellinus was ushered into a peristylium area, a small courtyard open to the sky surrounded by a portico of rough wooden columns.

### References

* “peristylium, n.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

## Latin
### Etymology

From Ancient Greek περιστῡ́λιον (peristū́lion).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /pe.risˈtyː.li.um/, [pɛrɪs̠ˈt̪yːlʲiʊ̃ˑ]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /pe.risˈti.li.um/, [perisˈt̪iːlium]

### Noun

peristȳlium n (genitive peristȳliī or peristȳlī); second declension
* a peristyle, an open interior space surrounded by columns.

#### Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | peristȳlium | peristȳlia |
| Genitive | peristȳliī peristȳlī$^1$ | peristȳliōrum |
| Dative | peristȳliō | peristȳliīs |
| Accusative | peristȳlium | peristȳlia |
| Ablative | peristȳliō | peristȳliīs |
| Vocative | peristȳlium | peristȳlia |
$^1$Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

#### Related terms

* peristȳlum

#### Descendants

* English: peristyle
* Italian: peristilio

### References

* “peristylium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* peristylium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
* “peristylium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin