# marcus
## Dalmatian
### Alternative forms

* markus

### Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *(a)māricōsus, from Latin amārus. Compare Spanish and Portuguese amargoso, Sardinian marigosu.

### Adjective

marcus
* bitter

#### Related terms

* amur
* muarka

## Latin
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /ˈmar.kus/, [ˈmärkʊs̠]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /ˈmar.kus/, [ˈmärkus]

### Etymology 1

Late back-formation from marculus, which was interpreted as having the diminutive suffix -ulus.

#### Noun

marcus m (genitive marcī); second declension
* (Late Latin) large hammer, sledgehammer

##### Declension

Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | marcus | marcī |
| Genitive | marcī | marcōrum |
| Dative | marcō | marcīs |
| Accusative | marcum | marcōs |
| Ablative | marcō | marcīs |
| Vocative | marce | marcī |

##### Synonyms

* malleus
* tudes

##### Derived terms

* marcellus (“small hammer”)

#### References

* “marcus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* marcus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

### Etymology 2

Borrowed from Frankish *mark.

#### Alternative forms

* marca, marcha, marha, marka, markha

#### Noun

marcus m (genitive marcī); second declension
* (Medieval Latin) mark (unit of currency, measurement)

##### Declension

Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | marcus | marcī |
| Genitive | marcī | marcōrum |
| Dative | marcō | marcīs |
| Accusative | marcum | marcōs |
| Ablative | marcō | marcīs |
| Vocative | marce | marcī |

##### Descendants

* Old French: marc
** Middle French: marc
*** French: marc
* Iberian:
** Aragonese: marco
** Old Leonese: marcu
*** Asturian: marcu
*** Leonese: marcu
** Old Galician-Portuguese: marco
*** Portuguese: marco
*** Galician: marco
** Spanish: marco
* East Iberian:
** Old Occitan: marc
*** Catalan: marc
*** Occitan: marc

#### References

* ↑ Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “marca”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 653
* ↑ marcus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

### Etymology 3

Borrowed from Frankish *marku.

#### Noun

marcus m (genitive marcī); second declension
* (Medieval Latin) Alternative form of marca (“boundary, limit”)

##### Declension

Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | marcus | marcī |
| Genitive | marcī | marcōrum |
| Dative | marcō | marcīs |
| Accusative | marcum | marcōs |
| Ablative | marcō | marcīs |
| Vocative | marce | marcī |

##### Descendants

* Old French: marc
** Middle French: marc
*** French: marc
* Iberian:
** Aragonese: marco
** Old Leonese: marcu
*** Asturian: marcu
*** Leonese: marcu
** Old Galician-Portuguese: marco
*** Portuguese: marco
*** Galician: marco
** Spanish: marco
* East Iberian:
** Old Occitan: marc
*** Catalan: marc
*** Occitan: marc

#### References

* ↑ marcus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)