# gawula
## Xhosa
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-gáwúla
* to fell, to chop down

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Verb

-gawúla
* (transitive) to fell, to chop down

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukugawula |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukugawula | ukungagawuli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | gawula | -gawule |
| Plural | gawulani | -gawuleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyagawula, ngigawula | engigawulayo, engigawula | ngigawula | angigawuli | engingagawuli | ngingagawuli |
| 2nd singular | uyagawula, ugawula | ogawulayo, ogawula | ugawula | awugawuli | ongagawuli | ungagawuli |
| 1st plural | siyagawula, sigawula | esigawulayo, esigawula | sigawula | asigawuli | esingagawuli | singagawuli |
| 2nd plural | niyagawula, nigawula | enigawulayo, enigawula | nigawula | anigawuli | eningagawuli | ningagawuli |
| Class 1 | uyagawula, ugawula | ogawulayo, ogawula | egawula | akagawuli | ongagawuli | engagawuli |
| Class 2 | bayagawula, bagawula | abagawulayo, abagawula | begawula | abagawuli | abangagawuli | bengagawuli |
| Class 3 | uyagawula, ugawula | ogawulayo, ogawula | ugawula | awugawuli | ongagawuli | ungagawuli |
| Class 4 | iyagawula, igawula | egawulayo, egawula | igawula | ayigawuli | engagawuli | ingagawuli |
| Class 5 | liyagawula, ligawula | eligawulayo, eligawula | ligawula | aligawuli | elingagawuli | lingagawuli |
| Class 6 | ayagawula, agawula | agawulayo, agawula | egawula | awagawuli | angagawuli | engagawuli |
| Class 7 | siyagawula, sigawula | esigawulayo, esigawula | sigawula | asigawuli | esingagawuli | singagawuli |
| Class 8 | ziyagawula, zigawula | ezigawulayo, ezigawula | zigawula | azigawuli | ezingagawuli | zingagawuli |
| Class 9 | iyagawula, igawula | egawulayo, egawula | igawula | ayigawuli | engagawuli | ingagawuli |
| Class 10 | ziyagawula, zigawula | ezigawulayo, ezigawula | zigawula | azigawuli | ezingagawuli | zingagawuli |
| Class 11 | luyagawula, lugawula | olugawulayo, olugawula | lugawula | alugawuli | olungagawuli | lungagawuli |
| Class 14 | buyagawula, bugawula | obugawulayo, obugawula | bugawula | abugawuli | obungagawuli | bungagawuli |
| Class 15 | kuyagawula, kugawula | okugawulayo, okugawula | kugawula | akugawuli | okungagawuli | kungagawuli |
| Class 17 | kuyagawula, kugawula | okugawulayo, okugawula | kugawula | akugawuli | okungagawuli | kungagawuli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngigawulile, ngigawulē | engigawulile, engigawulē | ngigawulile, ngigawulē | angigawulanga | engingagawulanga | ngingagawulanga |
| 2nd singular | ugawulile, ugawulē | ogawulile, ogawulē | ugawulile, ugawulē | awugawulanga | ongagawulanga | ungagawulanga |
| 1st plural | sigawulile, sigawulē | esigawulile, esigawulē | sigawulile, sigawulē | asigawulanga | esingagawulanga | singagawulanga |
| 2nd plural | nigawulile, nigawulē | enigawulile, enigawulē | nigawulile, nigawulē | anigawulanga | eningagawulanga | ningagawulanga |
| Class 1 | ugawulile, ugawulē | ogawulile, ogawulē | egawulile, egawulē | akagawulanga | ongagawulanga | engagawulanga |
| Class 2 | bagawulile, bagawulē | abagawulile, abagawulē | begawulile, begawulē | abagawulanga | abangagawulanga | bengagawulanga |
| Class 3 | ugawulile, ugawulē | ogawulile, ogawulē | ugawulile, ugawulē | awugawulanga | ongagawulanga | ungagawulanga |
| Class 4 | igawulile, igawulē | egawulile, egawulē | igawulile, igawulē | ayigawulanga | engagawulanga | ingagawulanga |
| Class 5 | ligawulile, ligawulē | eligawulile, eligawulē | ligawulile, ligawulē | aligawulanga | elingagawulanga | lingagawulanga |
| Class 6 | agawulile, agawulē | agawulile, agawulē | egawulile, egawulē | awagawulanga | angagawulanga | engagawulanga |
| Class 7 | sigawulile, sigawulē | esigawulile, esigawulē | sigawulile, sigawulē | asigawulanga | esingagawulanga | singagawulanga |
| Class 8 | zigawulile, zigawulē | ezigawulile, ezigawulē | zigawulile, zigawulē | azigawulanga | ezingagawulanga | zingagawulanga |
| Class 9 | igawulile, igawulē | egawulile, egawulē | igawulile, igawulē | ayigawulanga | engagawulanga | ingagawulanga |
| Class 10 | zigawulile, zigawulē | ezigawulile, ezigawulē | zigawulile, zigawulē | azigawulanga | ezingagawulanga | zingagawulanga |
| Class 11 | lugawulile, lugawulē | olugawulile, olugawulē | lugawulile, lugawulē | alugawulanga | olungagawulanga | lungagawulanga |
| Class 14 | bugawulile, bugawulē | obugawulile, obugawulē | bugawulile, bugawulē | abugawulanga | obungagawulanga | bungagawulanga |
| Class 15 | kugawulile, kugawulē | okugawulile, okugawulē | kugawulile, kugawulē | akugawulanga | okungagawulanga | kungagawulanga |
| Class 17 | kugawulile, kugawulē | okugawulile, okugawulē | kugawulile, kugawulē | akugawulanga | okungagawulanga | kungagawulanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāgawula | engāgawula | ngāgawula | angigawulanga | engingagawulanga | ngingagawulanga |
| 2nd singular | wāgawula | owāgawula | wāgawula | awugawulanga | ongagawulanga | ungagawulanga |
| 1st plural | sāgawula | esāgawula | sāgawula | asigawulanga | esingagawulanga | singagawulanga |
| 2nd plural | nāgawula | enāgawula | nāgawula | anigawulanga | eningagawulanga | ningagawulanga |
| Class 1 | wāgawula | owāgawula | āgawula | akagawulanga | ongagawulanga | engagawulanga |
| Class 2 | bāgawula | abāgawula | bāgawula | abagawulanga | abangagawulanga | bengagawulanga |
| Class 3 | wāgawula | owāgawula | wāgawula | awugawulanga | ongagawulanga | ungagawulanga |
| Class 4 | yāgawula | eyāgawula | yāgawula | ayigawulanga | engagawulanga | ingagawulanga |
| Class 5 | lāgawula | elāgawula | lāgawula | aligawulanga | elingagawulanga | lingagawulanga |
| Class 6 | āgawula | āgawula | āgawula | awagawulanga | angagawulanga | engagawulanga |
| Class 7 | sāgawula | esāgawula | sāgawula | asigawulanga | esingagawulanga | singagawulanga |
| Class 8 | zāgawula | ezāgawula | zāgawula | azigawulanga | ezingagawulanga | zingagawulanga |
| Class 9 | yāgawula | eyāgawula | yāgawula | ayigawulanga | engagawulanga | ingagawulanga |
| Class 10 | zāgawula | ezāgawula | zāgawula | azigawulanga | ezingagawulanga | zingagawulanga |
| Class 11 | lwāgawula | olwāgawula | lwāgawula | alugawulanga | olungagawulanga | lungagawulanga |
| Class 14 | bāgawula | obāgawula | bāgawula | abugawulanga | obungagawulanga | bungagawulanga |
| Class 15 | kwāgawula | okwāgawula | kwāgawula | akugawulanga | okungagawulanga | kungagawulanga |
| Class 17 | kwāgawula | okwāgawula | kwāgawula | akugawulanga | okungagawulanga | kungagawulanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingagawula | — | ngingagawula | ngingegawule | — | ngingegawule |
| 2nd singular | ungagawula | — | ungagawula | ungegawule | — | ungegawule |
| 1st plural | singagawula | — | singagawula | singegawule | — | singegawule |
| 2nd plural | ningagawula | — | ningagawula | ningegawule | — | ningegawule |
| Class 1 | angagawula | — | engagawula | angegawule | — | engegawule |
| Class 2 | bangagawula | — | bengagawula | bangegawule | — | bengegawule |
| Class 3 | ungagawula | — | ungagawula | ungegawule | — | ungegawule |
| Class 4 | ingagawula | — | ingagawula | ingegawule | — | ingegawule |
| Class 5 | lingagawula | — | lingagawula | lingegawule | — | lingegawule |
| Class 6 | angagawula | — | engagawula | angegawule | — | engegawule |
| Class 7 | singagawula | — | singagawula | singegawule | — | singegawule |
| Class 8 | zingagawula | — | zingagawula | zingegawule | — | zingegawule |
| Class 9 | ingagawula | — | ingagawula | ingegawule | — | ingegawule |
| Class 10 | zingagawula | — | zingagawula | zingegawule | — | zingegawule |
| Class 11 | lungagawula | — | lungagawula | lungegawule | — | lungegawule |
| Class 14 | bungagawula | — | bungagawula | bungegawule | — | bungegawule |
| Class 15 | kungagawula | — | kungagawula | kungegawule | — | kungegawule |
| Class 17 | kungagawula | — | kungagawula | kungegawule | — | kungegawule |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizogawula | engizogawula | ngizogawula | angizugawula | engingezugawula | ngingezugawula |
| 2nd singular | uzogawula | ozogawula | uzogawula | awuzugawula | ongezugawula | ungezugawula |
| 1st plural | sizogawula | esizogawula | sizogawula | asizugawula | esingezugawula | singezugawula |
| 2nd plural | nizogawula | enizogawula | nizogawula | anizugawula | eningezugawula | ningezugawula |
| Class 1 | uzogawula | ozogawula | ezogawula | akazugawula | ongezugawula | engezugawula |
| Class 2 | bazogawula | abazogawula | bezogawula | abazugawula | abangezugawula | bengezugawula |
| Class 3 | uzogawula | ozogawula | uzogawula | awuzugawula | ongezugawula | ungezugawula |
| Class 4 | izogawula | ezogawula | izogawula | ayizugawula | engezugawula | ingezugawula |
| Class 5 | lizogawula | elizogawula | lizogawula | alizugawula | elingezugawula | lingezugawula |
| Class 6 | azogawula | azogawula | ezogawula | awazugawula | angezugawula | engezugawula |
| Class 7 | sizogawula | esizogawula | sizogawula | asizugawula | esingezugawula | singezugawula |
| Class 8 | zizogawula | ezizogawula | zizogawula | azizugawula | ezingezugawula | zingezugawula |
| Class 9 | izogawula | ezogawula | izogawula | ayizugawula | engezugawula | ingezugawula |
| Class 10 | zizogawula | ezizogawula | zizogawula | azizugawula | ezingezugawula | zingezugawula |
| Class 11 | luzogawula | oluzogawula | luzogawula | aluzugawula | olungezugawula | lungezugawula |
| Class 14 | buzogawula | obuzogawula | buzogawula | abuzugawula | obungezugawula | bungezugawula |
| Class 15 | kuzogawula | okuzogawula | kuzogawula | akuzugawula | okungezugawula | kungezugawula |
| Class 17 | kuzogawula | okuzogawula | kuzogawula | akuzugawula | okungezugawula | kungezugawula |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyogawula | engiyogawula | ngiyogawula | angiyugawula | engingeyugawula | ngingeyugawula |
| 2nd singular | uyogawula | oyogawula | uyogawula | awuyugawula | ongeyugawula | ungeyugawula |
| 1st plural | siyogawula | esiyogawula | siyogawula | asiyugawula | esingeyugawula | singeyugawula |
| 2nd plural | niyogawula | eniyogawula | niyogawula | aniyugawula | eningeyugawula | ningeyugawula |
| Class 1 | uyogawula | oyogawula | eyogawula | akayugawula | ongeyugawula | engeyugawula |
| Class 2 | bayogawula | abayogawula | beyogawula | abayugawula | abangeyugawula | bengeyugawula |
| Class 3 | uyogawula | oyogawula | uyogawula | awuyugawula | ongeyugawula | ungeyugawula |
| Class 4 | iyogawula | eyogawula | iyogawula | ayiyugawula | engeyugawula | ingeyugawula |
| Class 5 | liyogawula | eliyogawula | liyogawula | aliyugawula | elingeyugawula | lingeyugawula |
| Class 6 | ayogawula | ayogawula | eyogawula | awayugawula | angeyugawula | engeyugawula |
| Class 7 | siyogawula | esiyogawula | siyogawula | asiyugawula | esingeyugawula | singeyugawula |
| Class 8 | ziyogawula | eziyogawula | ziyogawula | aziyugawula | ezingeyugawula | zingeyugawula |
| Class 9 | iyogawula | eyogawula | iyogawula | ayiyugawula | engeyugawula | ingeyugawula |
| Class 10 | ziyogawula | eziyogawula | ziyogawula | aziyugawula | ezingeyugawula | zingeyugawula |
| Class 11 | luyogawula | oluyogawula | luyogawula | aluyugawula | olungeyugawula | lungeyugawula |
| Class 14 | buyogawula | obuyogawula | buyogawula | abuyugawula | obungeyugawula | bungeyugawula |
| Class 15 | kuyogawula | okuyogawula | kuyogawula | akuyugawula | okungeyugawula | kungeyugawula |
| Class 17 | kuyogawula | okuyogawula | kuyogawula | akuyugawula | okungeyugawula | kungeyugawula |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngigawule | ngingagawuli |
| 2nd singular | ugawule | ungagawuli |
| 1st plural | sigawule | singagawuli |
| 2nd plural | nigawule | ningagawuli |
| Class 1 | agawule | angagawuli |
| Class 2 | bagawule | bangagawuli |
| Class 3 | ugawule | ungagawuli |
| Class 4 | igawule | ingagawuli |
| Class 5 | ligawule | lingagawuli |
| Class 6 | agawule | angagawuli |
| Class 7 | sigawule | singagawuli |
| Class 8 | zigawule | zingagawuli |
| Class 9 | igawule | ingagawuli |
| Class 10 | zigawule | zingagawuli |
| Class 11 | lugawule | lungagawuli |
| Class 14 | bugawule | bungagawuli |
| Class 15 | kugawule | kungagawuli |
| Class 17 | kugawule | kungagawuli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngagawula | ngangagawula, angagawula, angangagawula |
| 2nd singular | wagawula | wangagawula, awagawula, awangagawula |
| 1st plural | sagawula | sangagawula, asagawula, asangagawula |
| 2nd plural | nagawula | nangagawula, anagawula, anangagawula |
| Class 1 | wagawula | wangagawula, akagawula, akangagawula |
| Class 2 | bagawula | bangagawula, abagawula, abangagawula |
| Class 3 | wagawula | wangagawula, awagawula, awangagawula |
| Class 4 | yagawula | yangagawula, ayagawula, ayangagawula |
| Class 5 | lagawula | langagawula, alagawula, alangagawula |
| Class 6 | agawula | angagawula, awagawula, awangagawula |
| Class 7 | sagawula | sangagawula, asagawula, asangagawula |
| Class 8 | zagawula | zangagawula, azagawula, azangagawula |
| Class 9 | yagawula | yangagawula, ayagawula, ayangagawula |
| Class 10 | zagawula | zangagawula, azagawula, azangagawula |
| Class 11 | lwagawula | lwangagawula, alwagawula, alwangagawula |
| Class 14 | bagawula | bangagawula, abagawula, abangagawula |
| Class 15 | kwagawula | kwangagawula, akwagawula, akwangagawula |
| Class 17 | kwagawula | kwangagawula, akwagawula, akwangagawula |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “gawula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gawula (3.2.9)”