# freang
## Irish
### Etymology

Probably from Middle Irish frencaid (“bend, bow”).

### Pronunciation

* (Munster) IPA: /fʲɾʲɑuŋ(ɡ)/

### Verb

freang (present analytic freangann, future analytic freangfaidh, verbal noun freangadh, past participle freangtha)
* (transitive) twist, wrench
* (transitive, mechanical engineering) strain

#### Conjugation

| | | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | relative | autonomous |
| | | first | second | third | first | second | third | relative | autonomous |
| indicative | present | freangaim | freangann tú; freangair$^†$ | freangann sé, sí | freangaimid | freangann sibh | freangann siad; freangaid$^†$ | a fhreangann; a fhreangas / a bhfreangann* | freangtar |
| indicative | past | d'fhreang mé; d'fhreangas / fhreang mé‡; fhreangas‡ | d'fhreang tú; d'fhreangais / fhreang tú; fhreangais‡ | d'fhreang sé, sí / fhreang sé, sí‡ | d'fhreangamar; d'fhreang muid / fhreangamar; fhreang muid‡ | d'fhreang sibh; d'fhreangabhair / fhreang sibh; fhreangabhair‡ | d'fhreang siad; d'fhreangadar / fhreang siad; fhreangadar‡ | a d'fhreang / ar fhreang* | freangadh |
| indicative | past habitual | d'fhreangainn / fhreangainn‡; bhfreangainn‡‡ | d'fhreangtá / fhreangtá‡; bhfreangtá‡‡ | d'fhreangadh sé, sí / fhreangadh sé, sí‡; bhfreangadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'fhreangaimis; d'fhreangadh muid / fhreangaimis; fhreangadh muid‡; bhfreangaimis‡‡; bhfreangadh muid‡‡ | d'fhreangadh sibh / fhreangadh sibh‡; bhfreangadh sibh‡‡ | d'fhreangaidís; d'fhreangadh siad / fhreangaidís; fhreangadh siad‡; bhfreangaidís‡‡; bhfreangadh siad‡‡ | a d'fhreangadh / a bhfreangadh* | d'fhreangtaí / fhreangtaí‡; bhfreangtaí‡‡ |
| future | future | freangfaidh mé; freangfad | freangfaidh tú; freangfair$^†$ | freangfaidh sé, sí | freangfaimid; freangfaidh muid | freangfaidh sibh | freangfaidh siad; freangfaid$^†$ | a fhreangfaidh; a fhreangfas / a bhfreangfaidh* | freangfar |
| conditional | conditional | d'fhreangfainn / fhreangfainn‡; bhfreangfainn‡‡ | d'fhreangfá / fhreangfá‡; bhfreangfá‡‡ | d'fhreangfadh sé, sí / fhreangfadh sé, sí‡; bhfreangfadh sé, sí‡‡ | d'fhreangfaimis; d'fhreangfadh muid / fhreangfaimis‡; fhreangfadh muid‡; bhfreangfaimis‡‡; bhfreangfadh muid‡‡ | d'fhreangfadh sibh / fhreangfadh sibh‡; bhfreangfadh sibh‡‡ | d'fhreangfaidís; d'fhreangfadh siad / fhreangfaidís‡; fhreangfadh siad‡; bhfreangfaidís‡‡; bhfreangfadh siad‡‡ | a d'fhreangfadh / a bhfreangfadh* | d'fhreangfaí / fhreangfaí‡; bhfreangfaí‡‡ |
| subjunctive | present | go bhfreanga mé; go bhfreangad$^†$ | go bhfreanga tú; go bhfreangair$^†$ | go bhfreanga sé, sí | go bhfreangaimid; go bhfreanga muid | go bhfreanga sibh | go bhfreanga siad; go bhfreangaid$^†$ | — | go bhfreangtar |
| subjunctive | past | dá bhfreangainn | dá bhfreangtá | dá bhfreangadh sé, sí | dá bhfreangaimis; dá bhfreangadh muid | dá bhfreangadh sibh | dá bhfreangaidís; dá bhfreangadh siad | — | dá bhfreangtaí |
| imperative | imperative | freangaim | freang | freangadh sé, sí | freangaimis | freangaigí; freangaidh$^†$ | freangaidís | — | freangtar |
| verbal noun | verbal noun | freangadh | freangadh | freangadh | freangadh | freangadh | freangadh | freangadh | freangadh |
| past participle | past participle | freangtha | freangtha | freangtha | freangtha | freangtha | freangtha | freangtha | freangtha |
* indirect relative † archaic or dialect form ‡ dependent form ‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

#### Derived terms

* íosfhreang

### Further reading

* Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “freang”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “frencaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “freang”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
* “freang”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
* Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 22