# 尊敬
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zūnjìng
    (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄣ ㄐㄧㄥˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zyun$^1$ ging$^3$
* Gan (Wiktionary): 'zun$^1$ jin$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûn-kin
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chun-kèng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zūnjìng
*** Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄣ ㄐㄧㄥˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: zunjìng
*** Wade–Giles: tsun$^1$-ching$^4$
*** Yale: dzwūn-jìng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuenjinq
*** Palladius: цзуньцзин (czunʹczin)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zyun$^1$ ging$^3$
*** Yale: jyūn ging
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzyn$^1$ ging$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jun$^1$ ging$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡syːn⁵⁵ kɪŋ³³/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: 'zun$^1$ jin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /ˈt͡sun⁴² t͡ɕin³⁵/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûn-kin
*** Hakka Romanization System: zun$^ˊ$ gin
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zun$^1$ gin$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sun²⁴⁻¹¹ kin⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chun-kèng
*** Tâi-lô: tsun-kìng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zunkexng
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sun⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sun³³ kiɪŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sun⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ¹¹/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sun⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ²¹/

### Verb

尊敬
* (transitive) to respect; to honour; to hold in high esteem
    互相尊敬 ― hùxiāng zūnjìng ― to respect one another; mutual respect
       Jìrán nǐmen dōu yǐjīng xiǎng qīngchu le, nà wǒ zūnjìng nǐmen de yìyuàn. [Pinyin]
       Considering you have all thought it through, I will respect your wishes.

#### Usage notes

尊敬 (zūnjìng) chiefly collocates with people, while 尊重 (zūnzhòng) collocates with both people and concepts.

#### Synonyms

* 寅畏 (yínwèi) (literary)
* 尊存 (Hokkien)
* 尊崇 (zūnchóng)
* 尊重 (zūnzhòng)
* 尚
* 崇尚 (chóngshàng)
* 崇拜 (chóngbài)
* 崇敬 (chóngjìng)
* 推崇 (tuīchóng)
* 敦尚 (dūnshàng) (literary)
* 敬 (jìng)
* 敬愛／敬爱 (jìng'ài)
* 敬服 (jìngfú)
* 敬畏 (jìngwèi)
* 敬重 (jìngzhòng)
* 畏服 (wèifú) (literary)
* 誠忠／诚忠 (chéngzhōng) (literary)

#### Antonyms

* 鄙夷 (bǐyí)
* 侮辱 (wǔrǔ)

### Adjective

尊敬
* (Mainland China, attributive) respectable; honourable; esteemed
    尊敬的顧客／尊敬的顾客 ― zūnjìng de gùkè ― esteemed customer

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 尊 | 敬 |
| そん Grade: 6 | けい Grade: 6 |
| kan'on ||

### Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [sõ̞ŋke̞ː]

### Noun

尊(そん)敬(けい) • (sonkei)
* respect, reverence, honor

#### Synonyms

* 崇敬(すうけい) (sūkei)
* 敬重(けいちょう) (keichō)
* 敬意(けいい) (keii)

#### Antonyms

* 軽蔑(けいべつ) (keibetsu, “contempt”)

#### Derived terms

* 尊敬語(そんけいご) (sonkeigo)

### Verb

尊(そん)敬(けい)する • (sonkei suru) suru (stem 尊(そん)敬(けい)し (sonkei shi), past 尊(そん)敬(けい)した (sonkei shita))
* to respect, to revere, to honor

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 尊敬し | そんけいし | sonkei shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 尊敬し | そんけいし | sonkei shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 尊敬する | そんけいする | sonkei suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 尊敬する | そんけいする | sonkei suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 尊敬すれ | そんけいすれ | sonkei sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 尊敬せよ¹ 尊敬しろ² | そんけいせよ¹ そんけいしろ² | sonkei seyo¹ sonkei shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 尊敬される | そんけいされる | sonkei sareru |
| Causative | 尊敬させる 尊敬さす | そんけいさせる そんけいさす | sonkei saseru sonkei sasu |
| Potential | 尊敬できる | そんけいできる | sonkei dekiru |
| Volitional | 尊敬しよう | そんけいしよう | sonkei shiyō |
| Negative | 尊敬しない | そんけいしない | sonkei shinai |
| Negative continuative | 尊敬せず | そんけいせず | sonkei sezu |
| Formal | 尊敬します | そんけいします | sonkei shimasu |
| Perfective | 尊敬した | そんけいした | sonkei shita |
| Conjunctive | 尊敬して | そんけいして | sonkei shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 尊敬すれば | そんけいすれば | sonkei sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 尊 | 敬 |

### Noun

尊敬 • (jon'gyeong) (hangeul 존경)
* hanja form of 존경 (“admiration, respect”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 尊 | 敬 |

### Verb

尊敬
* chữ Hán form of tôn kính (“to respect; to hold in high esteem”).