# 看護婦
## Chinese
### Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 看護婦(かんごふ) (kangofu).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): kānhùfù
    (Zhuyin): ㄎㄢ ㄏㄨˋ ㄈㄨˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hon$^1$ wu$^6$ fu$^5$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khàn-hō͘-hū / khàn-lō͘-hū
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: kānhùfù
*** Zhuyin: ㄎㄢ ㄏㄨˋ ㄈㄨˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: kanhùfù
*** Wade–Giles: kʻan$^1$-hu$^4$-fu$^4$
*** Yale: kān-hù-fù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kanhuhfuh
*** Palladius: каньхуфу (kanʹxufu)
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰän⁵⁵ xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hon$^1$ wu$^6$ fu$^5$
*** Yale: hōn wuh fúh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hon$^1$ wu$^6$ fu$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hon$^1$ wu$^6$ fu$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːn⁵⁵ wuː²² fuː¹³/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Taichung, Tainan)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khàn-hō͘-hū
*** Tâi-lô: khàn-hōo-hū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qarnhoxhu
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰan²¹⁻⁴¹ hɔ³³⁻²¹ hu³³/
*** IPA (Tainan): /kʰan²¹⁻⁵³ hɔ³³⁻¹¹ hu³³/
** (Hokkien: Hsinchu)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khàn-lō͘-hū
*** Tâi-lô: khàn-lōo-hū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: qarnloxhu

### Noun

看護婦
* (chiefly Taiwanese Hokkien) nurse

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 護士 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 護士 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 護士 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Chifeng | 護士 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Hulunbuir (Hailar) | 護士 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Harbin | 護士 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Shenyang | 護士 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Malaysia | 護士 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 護士 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tianjin | 護士 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Tangshan | 護士 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Cangzhou | 護士, 護理 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Baoding | 護士, 看護 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Shijiazhuang | 護士 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 護士 |
| Jiaoliao Mandarin | Qingdao | 護士 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 護士 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Zhengzhou | 護士 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 護士 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xining | 護士 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xuzhou | 護士 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 護士 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Lanzhou | 護士 |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Ürümqi | 護士 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 護士, 看護 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chongqing | 護士 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Wuhan | 護士, 看護 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guiyang | 護士 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Kunming | 護士 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 護士 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Liuzhou | 護士 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Dagudi (Maliba) | 護士 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Reshuitang (Longling) | 護士 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Salong (Lancang) | 護士 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Mae Sai (Tengchong) | 護士 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 護士 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 護士 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nantong | 護士 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Hefei | 護士 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 護士, 姑娘 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 護士, 姑娘 |
| Cantonese | Taishan | 護士, 看護 |
| Cantonese | Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 密司 |
| Cantonese | Singapore (Guangfu) | 密司, 護士 |
| Gan | Nanchang | 護士 |
| Gan | Pingxiang | 護士 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 護士 |
| Hakka | Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 護士 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 護士 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 護士 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 護士 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 護士 |
| Hakka | Senai (Huiyang) | 密司 |
| Huizhou | Jixi | 護士 |
| Huizhou | Shexian | 護士 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 護士 |
| Jin | Xinzhou | 護士 |
| Jin | Linhe | 護士 |
| Jin | Jining | 護士 |
| Jin | Hohhot | 護士 |
| Jin | Zhangjiakou | 護士 |
| Jin | Handan | 護士 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 護士, 看護士 dated, 看護 dated |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 醫生姐 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 護士 |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 護士 |
| Southern Min | Zhangzhou | 護士 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 護士 |
| Southern Min | New Taipei (Sanxia) | 護士 |
| Southern Min | Kaohsiung | 看護婦, 護士 |
| Southern Min | Yilan | 護士 |
| Southern Min | Changhua (Lukang) | 護士 |
| Southern Min | Taichung | 護士, 看護婦 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 看護婦, 護士 |
| Southern Min | Hsinchu | 護士, 看護婦 |
| Southern Min | Kinmen | 護士 |
| Southern Min | Penghu (Magong) | 護士 |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 密司 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Hokkien) | 密司 |
| Southern Min | Manila (Hokkien) | 看護, 護士 |
| Southern Min | Johor Bahru (Teochew) | 密司 |
| Southern Min | Singapore (Teochew) | 密司 |
| Southern Pinghua | Nanning (Tingzi) | 護士 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 護士, 看護 dated |
| Wu | Ningbo | 護士, 看護 |
| Wu | Wenzhou | 看護 dated |

#### Related terms

* 看護學／看护学 (kānhùxué)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 看 | 護 | 婦 |
| かん Grade: 6 | ご Grade: 5 | ふ Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi |||

### Etymology

Compound of 看護 (“nursing”) +‎ 婦 (“woman; female”).

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かんごふ [kàńgóꜜfù] (Nakadaka – [3])
* IPA: [kã̠ŋɡo̞ɸɯ̟]

### Noun

看(かん)護(ご)婦(ふ) • (kangofu)
* (medicine) female nurse

#### Usage notes

This term was used in 保(ほ)健(けん)婦(ふ)助(じょ)産(さん)婦(ふ)看(かん)護(ご)婦(ふ)法(ほう) (Hoken-fu Josan-fu Kango-fu Hō, lit. Act on [Female] Public Health Nurses, [Female] Midwives and [Female] Nurses) enacted in 1948. This act provided that 看(かん)護(ご)婦(ふ) (kangofu) were nurses who were female. Men also can do women equivalent work and they were called 看(かん)護(ご)人(にん) (kangonin, “male nurse, lit. nurse person”) in the act. 看(かん)護(ご)人(にん) (kangonin) were applied on provisions relating to 看(かん)護(ご)婦(ふ) (kangofu).
In 1968, 看(かん)護(ご)人(にん) (kangonin) was renamed to 看(かん)護(ご)士(し) (kangoshi). 看(かん)護(ご)婦(ふ) (kangofu) and 看(かん)護(ご)士(し) (kangoshi) were combined into 看(かん)護(ご)師(し) (kangoshi) with propose of genderlessness in 2002.

#### Related terms

* 看(かん)護(ご)師(し) (kangoshi)
* 看(かん)護(ご)士(し) (kangoshi)

#### Descendants

* → Amis: kangkofo, kangkofu
* → Bunun: kangkuhu
* → Min Nan: 看護婦／看护妇 (khàn-hō͘-hū)
* → Paiwan: kanguhu
* → Taroko: kanggohu

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN