# querela
## English
### Etymology

From Latin querēla (“complaint, grievance”).

### Noun

querela
* (law) A complaint preferred in a court.

#### Related terms

* audita querela
* duplex querela
* querent

## Galician
### Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese querela (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin querella (“complaint”), from queror (“I lament, complaint”). Cognate with Spanish querella or English quarrel.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /keˈɾela̝/

#### Noun

querela f (plural querelas)
* (law) lawsuit
** 1395, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 565:mandamos que o dicto martin bezerra non collese nen defendese nihun ome que errase ao conçello et vezinnos da dicta vila, en esto correjemos et mandamos que o dicto martin bezerra se coller ou defender taes homes que seia tiudo de os presentar ante o Alcallde da dicta vila para que se deles faça conprimento de dereyto et de justiça das querelas et cousas por que foren acusados et demandadoswe order that the mentioned Martin Becerra shall not take nor defend anyone that wrongs the council and neighbors of this town, and on this we regulate and order that if the aforementioned Martin Becerra takes or defends such people then he must take them before the mayors of the mentioned town, for them to make accomplishment of right and justice of the complaints and causes for which they were accused and sued
* (law) complaint
* quarrel, conflict

##### Derived terms

* querelar
* quereloso

#### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “querela”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “querela”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “querela”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “querela”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

querela
* inflection of querelar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Italian
### Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Latin querēla.

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kweˈrɛ.la/
* Rhymes: -ɛla
* Hyphenation: que‧rè‧la

#### Noun

querela f (plural querele)
* (law) action, plaint

##### Related terms

* querelare
* querelatorio

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

querela
* inflection of querelare:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

### Further reading

* querela in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

## Latin
### Alternative forms

* querēlla

### Etymology

From queror (“to complain”) +‎ -ēla. The form in -ell- is due to reanalysis as a diminutive.

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Latin) IPA: /kʷeˈreː.la/, [kʷɛˈreːɫ̪ä]
* (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /kweˈre.la/, [kweˈrɛːlä]

### Noun

querēla f (genitive querēlae); first declension
* complaint, protest, grievance
** 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.360:“Dēsine mēque tuīs incendere tēque querēlīs.”“Quit distressing you and me both with your protests.”
* illness
* lament

#### Declension

First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
| Nominative | querēla | querēlae |
| Genitive | querēlae | querēlārum |
| Dative | querēlae | querēlīs |
| Accusative | querēlam | querēlās |
| Ablative | querēlā | querēlīs |
| Vocative | querēla | querēlae |

#### Descendants

* French: querelle
* Italian: querela
* Spanish: querella
* Portuguese: querela

### References

* “querela”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
* querela in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
* querela in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

## Portuguese
### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /keˈɾɛ.lɐ/
* (Brazil) IPA: /keˈɾɛ.lɐ/
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /keˈɾɛ.la/
* (Portugal) IPA: /kɨˈɾɛ.lɐ/
* Hyphenation: que‧re‧la

### Etymology 1
#### Noun

querela f (plural querelas)
* quarrel (verbal dispute or heated argument)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

querela
* inflection of querelar:
** third-person singular present indicative
** second-person singular imperative

## Spanish
### Verb

querela
* second-person singular voseo imperative of querer combined with la