# pecthach
## Old Irish
### Etymology

From peccad (“sin”) +‎ -ach.

### Adjective

pecthach
* sinful
** c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 36$^a$14
    .i. nant ní les in sommae pecthachi.e. that the sinful rich man is nothing to him.

#### Inflection

o/ā-stem :
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | pecthach | pecthach | pecthach |
| Vocative | pecthaig* pecthach** | pecthach | pecthach |
| Accusative | pecthach | pecthaig | pecthach |
| Genitive | pecthaig | pecthaige | pecthaig |
| Dative | pecthuch | pecthaig | pecthuch |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | Feminine/neuter |
| Nominative | pecthaig | pecthacha | pecthacha |
| Vocative | pecthachu pecthacha† | pecthacha | pecthacha |
| Accusative | pecthachu pecthacha† | pecthacha | pecthacha |
| Genitive | pecthach | pecthach | pecthach |
| Dative | pecthachaib | pecthachaib | pecthachaib |
| Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized |

### Noun

pecthach m (genitive pecthaig, nominative plural pecthaig)
* sinner
** c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 2$^a$10
    .i. cid ara ndéntar pecthach díim?Why is a sinner made of me?
** c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55$^d$11
    Is ed in sin fod·era in n‑erígim, "cid ara fodaim int aís fírían inna fochaidi, ⁊ cid ara mbiat in pecthaig isnaib soinmechaib?"That is what causes the complaint, "why do the righteous folk endure tribulations, and why are sinners in prosperity?".

#### Inflection

Masculine o-stem :
| | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| Nominative | pecthach | pecthach$^L$ | pecthaig$^L$ |
| Vocative | pecthaig | pecthach$^L$ | pecthachu$^H$ |
| Accusative | pecthach$^N$ | pecthach$^L$ | pecthachu$^H$ |
| Genitive | pecthaig$^L$ | pecthach | pecthach$^N$ |
| Dative | pecthach$^L$ | pecthachaib | pecthachaib |
| Initial mutations of a following adjective: $^H$ = triggers aspiration $^L$ = triggers lenition $^N$ = triggers nasalization ||||

#### Descendants

* Middle Irish: pecdach, pecthach
** Irish: peacach
** Scottish Gaelic: peacach

### Further reading

* Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “pecthach”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language