# nqikaza
## Zulu
### Pronunciation

IPA: /ᵑǃiɠáːza/

### Verb

-nqikáza
* (intransitive) to hesitate

#### Inflection

Tone H :
| Infinitive | ukunqikaza |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukunqikaza | ukunganqikazi |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | nqikaza | -nqikaze |
| Plural | nqikazani | -nqikazeni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyanqikaza, nginqikaza | enginqikazayo, enginqikaza | nginqikaza | anginqikazi | enginganqikazi | nginganqikazi |
| 2nd singular | uyanqikaza, unqikaza | onqikazayo, onqikaza | unqikaza | awunqikazi | onganqikazi | unganqikazi |
| 1st plural | siyanqikaza, sinqikaza | esinqikazayo, esinqikaza | sinqikaza | asinqikazi | esinganqikazi | singanqikazi |
| 2nd plural | niyanqikaza, ninqikaza | eninqikazayo, eninqikaza | ninqikaza | aninqikazi | eninganqikazi | ninganqikazi |
| Class 1 | uyanqikaza, unqikaza | onqikazayo, onqikaza | enqikaza | akanqikazi | onganqikazi | enganqikazi |
| Class 2 | bayanqikaza, banqikaza | abanqikazayo, abanqikaza | benqikaza | abanqikazi | abanganqikazi | benganqikazi |
| Class 3 | uyanqikaza, unqikaza | onqikazayo, onqikaza | unqikaza | awunqikazi | onganqikazi | unganqikazi |
| Class 4 | iyanqikaza, inqikaza | enqikazayo, enqikaza | inqikaza | ayinqikazi | enganqikazi | inganqikazi |
| Class 5 | liyanqikaza, linqikaza | elinqikazayo, elinqikaza | linqikaza | alinqikazi | elinganqikazi | linganqikazi |
| Class 6 | ayanqikaza, anqikaza | anqikazayo, anqikaza | enqikaza | awanqikazi | anganqikazi | enganqikazi |
| Class 7 | siyanqikaza, sinqikaza | esinqikazayo, esinqikaza | sinqikaza | asinqikazi | esinganqikazi | singanqikazi |
| Class 8 | ziyanqikaza, zinqikaza | ezinqikazayo, ezinqikaza | zinqikaza | azinqikazi | ezinganqikazi | zinganqikazi |
| Class 9 | iyanqikaza, inqikaza | enqikazayo, enqikaza | inqikaza | ayinqikazi | enganqikazi | inganqikazi |
| Class 10 | ziyanqikaza, zinqikaza | ezinqikazayo, ezinqikaza | zinqikaza | azinqikazi | ezinganqikazi | zinganqikazi |
| Class 11 | luyanqikaza, lunqikaza | olunqikazayo, olunqikaza | lunqikaza | alunqikazi | olunganqikazi | lunganqikazi |
| Class 14 | buyanqikaza, bunqikaza | obunqikazayo, obunqikaza | bunqikaza | abunqikazi | obunganqikazi | bunganqikazi |
| Class 15 | kuyanqikaza, kunqikaza | okunqikazayo, okunqikaza | kunqikaza | akunqikazi | okunganqikazi | kunganqikazi |
| Class 17 | kuyanqikaza, kunqikaza | okunqikazayo, okunqikaza | kunqikaza | akunqikazi | okunganqikazi | kunganqikazi |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | nginqikazile, nginqikazē | enginqikazile, enginqikazē | nginqikazile, nginqikazē | anginqikazanga | enginganqikazanga | nginganqikazanga |
| 2nd singular | unqikazile, unqikazē | onqikazile, onqikazē | unqikazile, unqikazē | awunqikazanga | onganqikazanga | unganqikazanga |
| 1st plural | sinqikazile, sinqikazē | esinqikazile, esinqikazē | sinqikazile, sinqikazē | asinqikazanga | esinganqikazanga | singanqikazanga |
| 2nd plural | ninqikazile, ninqikazē | eninqikazile, eninqikazē | ninqikazile, ninqikazē | aninqikazanga | eninganqikazanga | ninganqikazanga |
| Class 1 | unqikazile, unqikazē | onqikazile, onqikazē | enqikazile, enqikazē | akanqikazanga | onganqikazanga | enganqikazanga |
| Class 2 | banqikazile, banqikazē | abanqikazile, abanqikazē | benqikazile, benqikazē | abanqikazanga | abanganqikazanga | benganqikazanga |
| Class 3 | unqikazile, unqikazē | onqikazile, onqikazē | unqikazile, unqikazē | awunqikazanga | onganqikazanga | unganqikazanga |
| Class 4 | inqikazile, inqikazē | enqikazile, enqikazē | inqikazile, inqikazē | ayinqikazanga | enganqikazanga | inganqikazanga |
| Class 5 | linqikazile, linqikazē | elinqikazile, elinqikazē | linqikazile, linqikazē | alinqikazanga | elinganqikazanga | linganqikazanga |
| Class 6 | anqikazile, anqikazē | anqikazile, anqikazē | enqikazile, enqikazē | awanqikazanga | anganqikazanga | enganqikazanga |
| Class 7 | sinqikazile, sinqikazē | esinqikazile, esinqikazē | sinqikazile, sinqikazē | asinqikazanga | esinganqikazanga | singanqikazanga |
| Class 8 | zinqikazile, zinqikazē | ezinqikazile, ezinqikazē | zinqikazile, zinqikazē | azinqikazanga | ezinganqikazanga | zinganqikazanga |
| Class 9 | inqikazile, inqikazē | enqikazile, enqikazē | inqikazile, inqikazē | ayinqikazanga | enganqikazanga | inganqikazanga |
| Class 10 | zinqikazile, zinqikazē | ezinqikazile, ezinqikazē | zinqikazile, zinqikazē | azinqikazanga | ezinganqikazanga | zinganqikazanga |
| Class 11 | lunqikazile, lunqikazē | olunqikazile, olunqikazē | lunqikazile, lunqikazē | alunqikazanga | olunganqikazanga | lunganqikazanga |
| Class 14 | bunqikazile, bunqikazē | obunqikazile, obunqikazē | bunqikazile, bunqikazē | abunqikazanga | obunganqikazanga | bunganqikazanga |
| Class 15 | kunqikazile, kunqikazē | okunqikazile, okunqikazē | kunqikazile, kunqikazē | akunqikazanga | okunganqikazanga | kunganqikazanga |
| Class 17 | kunqikazile, kunqikazē | okunqikazile, okunqikazē | kunqikazile, kunqikazē | akunqikazanga | okunganqikazanga | kunganqikazanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngānqikaza | engānqikaza | ngānqikaza | anginqikazanga | enginganqikazanga | nginganqikazanga |
| 2nd singular | wānqikaza | owānqikaza | wānqikaza | awunqikazanga | onganqikazanga | unganqikazanga |
| 1st plural | sānqikaza | esānqikaza | sānqikaza | asinqikazanga | esinganqikazanga | singanqikazanga |
| 2nd plural | nānqikaza | enānqikaza | nānqikaza | aninqikazanga | eninganqikazanga | ninganqikazanga |
| Class 1 | wānqikaza | owānqikaza | ānqikaza | akanqikazanga | onganqikazanga | enganqikazanga |
| Class 2 | bānqikaza | abānqikaza | bānqikaza | abanqikazanga | abanganqikazanga | benganqikazanga |
| Class 3 | wānqikaza | owānqikaza | wānqikaza | awunqikazanga | onganqikazanga | unganqikazanga |
| Class 4 | yānqikaza | eyānqikaza | yānqikaza | ayinqikazanga | enganqikazanga | inganqikazanga |
| Class 5 | lānqikaza | elānqikaza | lānqikaza | alinqikazanga | elinganqikazanga | linganqikazanga |
| Class 6 | ānqikaza | ānqikaza | ānqikaza | awanqikazanga | anganqikazanga | enganqikazanga |
| Class 7 | sānqikaza | esānqikaza | sānqikaza | asinqikazanga | esinganqikazanga | singanqikazanga |
| Class 8 | zānqikaza | ezānqikaza | zānqikaza | azinqikazanga | ezinganqikazanga | zinganqikazanga |
| Class 9 | yānqikaza | eyānqikaza | yānqikaza | ayinqikazanga | enganqikazanga | inganqikazanga |
| Class 10 | zānqikaza | ezānqikaza | zānqikaza | azinqikazanga | ezinganqikazanga | zinganqikazanga |
| Class 11 | lwānqikaza | olwānqikaza | lwānqikaza | alunqikazanga | olunganqikazanga | lunganqikazanga |
| Class 14 | bānqikaza | obānqikaza | bānqikaza | abunqikazanga | obunganqikazanga | bunganqikazanga |
| Class 15 | kwānqikaza | okwānqikaza | kwānqikaza | akunqikazanga | okunganqikazanga | kunganqikazanga |
| Class 17 | kwānqikaza | okwānqikaza | kwānqikaza | akunqikazanga | okunganqikazanga | kunganqikazanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | nginganqikaza | — | nginganqikaza | ngingenqikaze | — | ngingenqikaze |
| 2nd singular | unganqikaza | — | unganqikaza | ungenqikaze | — | ungenqikaze |
| 1st plural | singanqikaza | — | singanqikaza | singenqikaze | — | singenqikaze |
| 2nd plural | ninganqikaza | — | ninganqikaza | ningenqikaze | — | ningenqikaze |
| Class 1 | anganqikaza | — | enganqikaza | angenqikaze | — | engenqikaze |
| Class 2 | banganqikaza | — | benganqikaza | bangenqikaze | — | bengenqikaze |
| Class 3 | unganqikaza | — | unganqikaza | ungenqikaze | — | ungenqikaze |
| Class 4 | inganqikaza | — | inganqikaza | ingenqikaze | — | ingenqikaze |
| Class 5 | linganqikaza | — | linganqikaza | lingenqikaze | — | lingenqikaze |
| Class 6 | anganqikaza | — | enganqikaza | angenqikaze | — | engenqikaze |
| Class 7 | singanqikaza | — | singanqikaza | singenqikaze | — | singenqikaze |
| Class 8 | zinganqikaza | — | zinganqikaza | zingenqikaze | — | zingenqikaze |
| Class 9 | inganqikaza | — | inganqikaza | ingenqikaze | — | ingenqikaze |
| Class 10 | zinganqikaza | — | zinganqikaza | zingenqikaze | — | zingenqikaze |
| Class 11 | lunganqikaza | — | lunganqikaza | lungenqikaze | — | lungenqikaze |
| Class 14 | bunganqikaza | — | bunganqikaza | bungenqikaze | — | bungenqikaze |
| Class 15 | kunganqikaza | — | kunganqikaza | kungenqikaze | — | kungenqikaze |
| Class 17 | kunganqikaza | — | kunganqikaza | kungenqikaze | — | kungenqikaze |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizonqikaza | engizonqikaza | ngizonqikaza | angizunqikaza | engingezunqikaza | ngingezunqikaza |
| 2nd singular | uzonqikaza | ozonqikaza | uzonqikaza | awuzunqikaza | ongezunqikaza | ungezunqikaza |
| 1st plural | sizonqikaza | esizonqikaza | sizonqikaza | asizunqikaza | esingezunqikaza | singezunqikaza |
| 2nd plural | nizonqikaza | enizonqikaza | nizonqikaza | anizunqikaza | eningezunqikaza | ningezunqikaza |
| Class 1 | uzonqikaza | ozonqikaza | ezonqikaza | akazunqikaza | ongezunqikaza | engezunqikaza |
| Class 2 | bazonqikaza | abazonqikaza | bezonqikaza | abazunqikaza | abangezunqikaza | bengezunqikaza |
| Class 3 | uzonqikaza | ozonqikaza | uzonqikaza | awuzunqikaza | ongezunqikaza | ungezunqikaza |
| Class 4 | izonqikaza | ezonqikaza | izonqikaza | ayizunqikaza | engezunqikaza | ingezunqikaza |
| Class 5 | lizonqikaza | elizonqikaza | lizonqikaza | alizunqikaza | elingezunqikaza | lingezunqikaza |
| Class 6 | azonqikaza | azonqikaza | ezonqikaza | awazunqikaza | angezunqikaza | engezunqikaza |
| Class 7 | sizonqikaza | esizonqikaza | sizonqikaza | asizunqikaza | esingezunqikaza | singezunqikaza |
| Class 8 | zizonqikaza | ezizonqikaza | zizonqikaza | azizunqikaza | ezingezunqikaza | zingezunqikaza |
| Class 9 | izonqikaza | ezonqikaza | izonqikaza | ayizunqikaza | engezunqikaza | ingezunqikaza |
| Class 10 | zizonqikaza | ezizonqikaza | zizonqikaza | azizunqikaza | ezingezunqikaza | zingezunqikaza |
| Class 11 | luzonqikaza | oluzonqikaza | luzonqikaza | aluzunqikaza | olungezunqikaza | lungezunqikaza |
| Class 14 | buzonqikaza | obuzonqikaza | buzonqikaza | abuzunqikaza | obungezunqikaza | bungezunqikaza |
| Class 15 | kuzonqikaza | okuzonqikaza | kuzonqikaza | akuzunqikaza | okungezunqikaza | kungezunqikaza |
| Class 17 | kuzonqikaza | okuzonqikaza | kuzonqikaza | akuzunqikaza | okungezunqikaza | kungezunqikaza |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyonqikaza | engiyonqikaza | ngiyonqikaza | angiyunqikaza | engingeyunqikaza | ngingeyunqikaza |
| 2nd singular | uyonqikaza | oyonqikaza | uyonqikaza | awuyunqikaza | ongeyunqikaza | ungeyunqikaza |
| 1st plural | siyonqikaza | esiyonqikaza | siyonqikaza | asiyunqikaza | esingeyunqikaza | singeyunqikaza |
| 2nd plural | niyonqikaza | eniyonqikaza | niyonqikaza | aniyunqikaza | eningeyunqikaza | ningeyunqikaza |
| Class 1 | uyonqikaza | oyonqikaza | eyonqikaza | akayunqikaza | ongeyunqikaza | engeyunqikaza |
| Class 2 | bayonqikaza | abayonqikaza | beyonqikaza | abayunqikaza | abangeyunqikaza | bengeyunqikaza |
| Class 3 | uyonqikaza | oyonqikaza | uyonqikaza | awuyunqikaza | ongeyunqikaza | ungeyunqikaza |
| Class 4 | iyonqikaza | eyonqikaza | iyonqikaza | ayiyunqikaza | engeyunqikaza | ingeyunqikaza |
| Class 5 | liyonqikaza | eliyonqikaza | liyonqikaza | aliyunqikaza | elingeyunqikaza | lingeyunqikaza |
| Class 6 | ayonqikaza | ayonqikaza | eyonqikaza | awayunqikaza | angeyunqikaza | engeyunqikaza |
| Class 7 | siyonqikaza | esiyonqikaza | siyonqikaza | asiyunqikaza | esingeyunqikaza | singeyunqikaza |
| Class 8 | ziyonqikaza | eziyonqikaza | ziyonqikaza | aziyunqikaza | ezingeyunqikaza | zingeyunqikaza |
| Class 9 | iyonqikaza | eyonqikaza | iyonqikaza | ayiyunqikaza | engeyunqikaza | ingeyunqikaza |
| Class 10 | ziyonqikaza | eziyonqikaza | ziyonqikaza | aziyunqikaza | ezingeyunqikaza | zingeyunqikaza |
| Class 11 | luyonqikaza | oluyonqikaza | luyonqikaza | aluyunqikaza | olungeyunqikaza | lungeyunqikaza |
| Class 14 | buyonqikaza | obuyonqikaza | buyonqikaza | abuyunqikaza | obungeyunqikaza | bungeyunqikaza |
| Class 15 | kuyonqikaza | okuyonqikaza | kuyonqikaza | akuyunqikaza | okungeyunqikaza | kungeyunqikaza |
| Class 17 | kuyonqikaza | okuyonqikaza | kuyonqikaza | akuyunqikaza | okungeyunqikaza | kungeyunqikaza |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | nginqikaze | nginganqikazi |
| 2nd singular | unqikaze | unganqikazi |
| 1st plural | sinqikaze | singanqikazi |
| 2nd plural | ninqikaze | ninganqikazi |
| Class 1 | anqikaze | anganqikazi |
| Class 2 | banqikaze | banganqikazi |
| Class 3 | unqikaze | unganqikazi |
| Class 4 | inqikaze | inganqikazi |
| Class 5 | linqikaze | linganqikazi |
| Class 6 | anqikaze | anganqikazi |
| Class 7 | sinqikaze | singanqikazi |
| Class 8 | zinqikaze | zinganqikazi |
| Class 9 | inqikaze | inganqikazi |
| Class 10 | zinqikaze | zinganqikazi |
| Class 11 | lunqikaze | lunganqikazi |
| Class 14 | bunqikaze | bunganqikazi |
| Class 15 | kunqikaze | kunganqikazi |
| Class 17 | kunqikaze | kunganqikazi |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | nganqikaza | nganganqikaza, anganqikaza, anganganqikaza |
| 2nd singular | wanqikaza | wanganqikaza, awanqikaza, awanganqikaza |
| 1st plural | sanqikaza | sanganqikaza, asanqikaza, asanganqikaza |
| 2nd plural | nanqikaza | nanganqikaza, ananqikaza, ananganqikaza |
| Class 1 | wanqikaza | wanganqikaza, akanqikaza, akanganqikaza |
| Class 2 | banqikaza | banganqikaza, abanqikaza, abanganqikaza |
| Class 3 | wanqikaza | wanganqikaza, awanqikaza, awanganqikaza |
| Class 4 | yanqikaza | yanganqikaza, ayanqikaza, ayanganqikaza |
| Class 5 | lanqikaza | langanqikaza, alanqikaza, alanganqikaza |
| Class 6 | anqikaza | anganqikaza, awanqikaza, awanganqikaza |
| Class 7 | sanqikaza | sanganqikaza, asanqikaza, asanganqikaza |
| Class 8 | zanqikaza | zanganqikaza, azanqikaza, azanganqikaza |
| Class 9 | yanqikaza | yanganqikaza, ayanqikaza, ayanganqikaza |
| Class 10 | zanqikaza | zanganqikaza, azanqikaza, azanganqikaza |
| Class 11 | lwanqikaza | lwanganqikaza, alwanqikaza, alwanganqikaza |
| Class 14 | banqikaza | banganqikaza, abanqikaza, abanganqikaza |
| Class 15 | kwanqikaza | kwanganqikaza, akwanqikaza, akwanganqikaza |
| Class 17 | kwanqikaza | kwanganqikaza, akwanqikaza, akwanganqikaza |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “nqikaza”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “nqikaza (3.2.9)”