OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# يرتجلون
## Arabic
### Verb

يرتجلون (form VIII)
* يَرْتَجِلُونَ (yartajilūna) /jar.ta.d͡ʒi.luː.na/: third-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of اِرْتَجَلَ (irtajala)
* يُرْتَجَلُونَ (yurtajalūna) /jur.ta.d͡ʒa.luː.na/: third-person masculine plural non-past passive indicative of اِرْتَجَلَ (irtajala)
# چٹکی
## Urdu
### Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /t͡ʃʊʈ.kiː/
* Rhymes: -iː
* Hyphenation: چُٹ‧کی

#### Noun

چُٹْکی • (cuṭkī) f (Hindi spelling चुटकी)
* pinch
* snap (of fingers)

##### Declension

Declension of چٹکی :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | چُٹْکی (cuṭkī) | چُٹْکِیاں (cuṭkiyā̃) |
| oblique | چُٹْکی (cuṭkī) | چُٹْکِیوں (cuṭkiyō̃) |
| vocative | چُٹْکی (cuṭkī) | چُٹْکِیو (cuṭkiyō) |

#### Further reading

* “چٹکی”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “چٹکی”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
* Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “چٹکی”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /t͡ʃɪʈ.kiː/
* Rhymes: -iː
* Hyphenation: چِٹ‧کی

#### Noun

چِٹْکی • (ciṭkī) f (Hindi spelling चिटकी)
* (obsolete) sunshine; hotness; scorching heat

##### Declension

Declension of چٹکی :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | چِٹْکی (ciṭkī) | چِٹْکِیاں (ciṭkiyā̃) |
| oblique | چِٹْکی (ciṭkī) | چِٹْکِیوں (ciṭkiyō̃) |
| vocative | چِٹْکی (ciṭkī) | چِٹْکِیو (ciṭkiyō) |

#### References

* “چٹکی”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “chiTkii”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
* Platts, John T. (1884) “چٿکي”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
# چِکَار
## Kalkoti
### Verb

چِکَار (čikār)
* crying
# چِھنون
## Ushojo
### Verb

چِھنون (čhinōn)
* to cut something
# پیوسیدن
## Persian
### Alternative forms

* بیوسیدن (bayusidan)

### Etymology

From Middle Persian pyws- (payōs-, “to long for, desire”).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [pa.joː.siː.ðan]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰä.joː.siː.d̪än]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [pʰä.joː.siː.d̪än]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [pʰä.joː.siː.d̪än]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [pʰä.ju.si.d̪än]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [pejuː.siː.d̪æn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [pʰä.jɵ.si.d̪än]

### Verb

| Dari | پیوسیدن |
| Iranian Persian | پیوسیدن |
| Tajik | паюсидан |
پیوسیدن • (payusidan)
* to hope
* to expect

#### References

* Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004) “pyws-”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols
# پینیر
## Ottoman Turkish
### Noun

پینیر • (peynir)
* Alternative spelling of پنیر (penir, “cheese”)

### Further reading

* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “پینیر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 332
# يشعرون
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

يشعرون (form I)
* يَشْعُرُونَ (yašʕurūna) /jaʃ.ʕu.ruː.na/: third-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of شَعَرَ (šaʕara) and شَعُرَ (šaʕura)
* يُشْعَرُونَ (yušʕarūna) /juʃ.ʕa.ruː.na/: third-person masculine plural non-past passive indicative of شَعَرَ (šaʕara)
* يَشْعَرُونَ (yašʕarūna) /jaʃ.ʕa.ruː.na/: third-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of شَعِرَ (šaʕira)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

يشعرون (form IV)
* يُشْعِرُونَ (yušʕirūna) /juʃ.ʕi.ruː.na/: third-person masculine plural non-past active indicative of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara)
* يُشْعَرُونَ (yušʕarūna) /juʃ.ʕa.ruː.na/: third-person masculine plural non-past passive indicative of أَشْعَرَ (ʔašʕara)
# يشعن
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

يَشِعْنَ • (yašiʕna) (form I) /ja.ʃiʕ.na/
* third-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of شَاعَ (šāʕa)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

يشعن (form IV)
* يُشِعْنَ (yušiʕna) /ju.ʃiʕ.na/: third-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of أَشَاعَ (ʔašāʕa)
* يُشَعْنَ (yušaʕna) /ju.ʃaʕ.na/: third-person feminine plural non-past passive indicative/subjunctive/jussive of أَشَاعَ (ʔašāʕa)
# يشعلن
## Arabic
### Verb

يشعلن (form I)
* يَشْعَلْنَ (yašʕalna) /jaʃ.ʕal.na/: third-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of شَعَلَ (šaʕala)
* يُشْعَلْنَ (yušʕalna) /juʃ.ʕal.na/: third-person feminine plural non-past passive indicative/subjunctive/jussive of شَعَلَ (šaʕala)
# چھوہر
## Saraiki
### Pronunciation 1

* IPA: /t͡ʃʰoːhɾ/, /t͡ʃʰoːhoɾ/, /t͡ʃʰuːhɾ/, /t͡ʃʰuːhoɾ/

#### Noun

چھوہر (chohr) m
* boy

### Pronunciation 2

* IPA: /t͡ʃʰoːhɪɾ/, /t͡ʃʰuːhɪɾ/

#### Noun

چھوہِر (chohir) f
* girl
# يضرب
## Arabic
### Etymology 1
#### Verb

يضرب (form I)
* يَضْرِبُ (yaḍribu) /jadˤ.ri.bu/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba)
* يُضْرَبُ (yuḍrabu) /judˤ.ra.bu/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba), ضَرِبَ (ḍariba), ضُرِبَ (ḍuriba), and ضَرُبَ (ḍaruba)
* يَضْرِبَ (yaḍriba) /jadˤ.ri.ba/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba)
* يُضْرَبَ (yuḍraba) /judˤ.ra.ba/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba), ضَرِبَ (ḍariba), ضُرِبَ (ḍuriba), and ضَرُبَ (ḍaruba)
* يَضْرِبْ (yaḍrib) /jadˤ.rib/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba)
* يُضْرَبْ (yuḍrab) /judˤ.rab/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba), ضَرِبَ (ḍariba), ضُرِبَ (ḍuriba), and ضَرُبَ (ḍaruba)
* يَضْرُبُ (yaḍrubu) /jadˤ.ru.bu/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba) and ضَرُبَ (ḍaruba)
* يَضْرُبَ (yaḍruba) /jadˤ.ru.ba/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba) and ضَرُبَ (ḍaruba)
* يَضْرُبْ (yaḍrub) /jadˤ.rub/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba) and ضَرُبَ (ḍaruba)
* يَضْرَبُ (yaḍrabu) /jadˤ.ra.bu/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of ضَرِبَ (ḍariba)
* يَضْرَبَ (yaḍraba) /jadˤ.ra.ba/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of ضَرِبَ (ḍariba)
* يَضْرَبْ (yaḍrab) /jadˤ.rab/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of ضَرِبَ (ḍariba)

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

يضرب (form II)
* يُضَرِّبُ (yuḍarribu) /ju.dˤar.ri.bu/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of ضَرَّبَ (ḍarraba)
* يُضَرَّبُ (yuḍarrabu) /ju.dˤar.ra.bu/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of ضَرَّبَ (ḍarraba)
* يُضَرِّبَ (yuḍarriba) /ju.dˤar.ri.ba/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of ضَرَّبَ (ḍarraba)
* يُضَرَّبَ (yuḍarraba) /ju.dˤar.ra.ba/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of ضَرَّبَ (ḍarraba)
* يُضَرِّبْ (yuḍarrib) /ju.dˤar.rib/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of ضَرَّبَ (ḍarraba)
* يُضَرَّبْ (yuḍarrab) /ju.dˤar.rab/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of ضَرَّبَ (ḍarraba)

### Etymology 3
#### Verb

يضرب (form IV)
* يُضْرِبُ (yuḍribu) /judˤ.ri.bu/: third-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of أَضْرَبَ (ʔaḍraba)
* يُضْرَبُ (yuḍrabu) /judˤ.ra.bu/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of أَضْرَبَ (ʔaḍraba)
* يُضْرِبَ (yuḍriba) /judˤ.ri.ba/: third-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of أَضْرَبَ (ʔaḍraba)
* يُضْرَبَ (yuḍraba) /judˤ.ra.ba/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of أَضْرَبَ (ʔaḍraba)
* يُضْرِبْ (yuḍrib) /judˤ.rib/: third-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of أَضْرَبَ (ʔaḍraba)
* يُضْرَبْ (yuḍrab) /judˤ.rab/: third-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of أَضْرَبَ (ʔaḍraba)
# ڈڈ
## Kalami
### Etymology

Unknown. Compare ڈار (ḍǟr, “stomach”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɖaɖ/

### Noun

ڈڈ (ḍaḍ) f
* breast, chest

### References

* Baart, Joan L. G. (1997) “ḍaḍ”, in The sounds and tones of Kalam Kohistani: with wordlist and texts (Studies in Languages of Northern Pakistan; 1)‎, National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University; Summer Institute of Linguistics, page 87
# يلحقوا
## Arabic
### Verb

يلحقوا (form IV)
* يُلْحِقُوا (yulḥiqū) /jul.ħi.quː/: third-person masculine plural non-past active subjunctive/jussive of أَلْحَقَ (ʔalḥaqa)
* يُلْحَقُوا (yulḥaqū) /jul.ħa.quː/: third-person masculine plural non-past passive subjunctive/jussive of أَلْحَقَ (ʔalḥaqa)
# يلدن
## Arabic
### Verb

يَلِدْنَ • (yalidna) (form I) /ja.lid.na/
* third-person feminine plural non-past active indicative/subjunctive/jussive of وَلَدَ (walada)
# ژیان
## Central Kurdish
### Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *ǰáyHati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰáyHati, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéyh₃eti (“to live”), from the root *gʷeyh₃-.
Cognate with Avestan 𐬘𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (juua$^i$ti), Persian زیستن, Pashto ژوند کول (žwënd kawël), Sanskrit जीवति (jīvati). More distantly related to Ancient Greek βείομαι (beíomai).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ʒjaːn/

### Verb

| Northern Kurdish | jiyan |
ژیان (jyan) (present stem ژی- (jî-))
* to live

## Persian
### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ʒi.jɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʒi.jɑːn]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ʒi.jɑːn]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ʒi.jɑːn]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ʒi.jɔːn]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ʒi.jɒːn]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ʒi.jɔn]

### Adjective

| Dari | ژیان |
| Iranian Persian | ژیان |
| Tajik | жиён |
ژیان • (žiyân)
* fierce; savage; rapacious
** c. 1010, Abu’l-Qâsem Ferdowsi, “Manuchehr”, in Shâhnâme:ازین دو هنرمند پیلی ژیان بیاید ببندد به مردی میان جهان زیرپای اندر آرد به تیغ نهد تخت شاه از بر پشت میغaz în du hunarmand pîlê žiyân biyâyad bibandad ba mardî miyân jahân zîrpây andar ârad ba têğ nihad taxt-i šâh bar pušt-i mêğFrom these two cultured ones, a savage elephant Shall come, binding manliness on his loins. With his blade, he shall bring the world underfoot And set the king’s throne atop the clouds.(Classical Persian transliteration)

## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ژیان (žiyān).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ʒə.jɑːn/
* Rhymes: -ɑːn

### Adjective

ژَیان • (žayān) (Hindi spelling झ़यान)
* terrible, furious, angry
# گزینش
## Persian
### Etymology

From گزین (gozin) +‎ ـش (-eš).

### Pronunciation

* (Classical Persian) IPA: [ɡu.ziː.niʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ɡʊ.ziː.nɪʃ]
* (Dari, formal) IPA: [ɡʊ.ziː.nɪʃ]
** (Kabuli) IPA: [ɡʊ.ziː.nɪʃ]
** (Hazaragi) IPA: [ɡu.zi.niʃ]
* (Iran, formal) IPA: [ɡ̥o.ziː.neʃ]
* (Tajik, formal) IPA: [ɡu.zi.niʃ]

### Noun

گزینش • (gozineš)
* choice, selection
* election
# ٲدؠ
## Kashmiri
### Adverb

ٲدؠ • (ạ̄d')
* earlier today (part of today that has transpired)
# گوادر
## Urdu
### Etymology

Borrowed from Baluchi گوادر (gwādar), a compound of گوات (gwát, “wind, air”) +‎ در (dar, “door, gateway”).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /ɡwɑː.d̪əɾ/, /ɡʊ.ɑː.d̪əɾ/
* Rhymes: -əɾ

### Proper noun

گْوادَر • (gvādar) m (Hindi spelling ग्वादर)
* Gwadar (a port city in Balochistan, Pakistan)
# گواخ
## Ushojo
### Noun

گواخ (gwāx)
* the process of conciliation, redeem
# کالب
## Persian
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kɒːlob/, /kɒːleb/

### Noun

کالب • (kâlob) (plural کالب‌ها (kâlob-hâ))
* alternative form of قالب (qâleb)
# ہۆکھ
## Kashmiri
### Adjective

ہۆکھ • (hokh) m (Devanagari हॊख)
* dry
    Antonym: اۆدُر (odur)
# ܦܪܙܘܢܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
### Etymology

From Persian برذون (berzown), from Arabic بِرْذَوْن (birḏawn, “packhorse”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [par.zoːnɑː]

### Noun

ܦܲܪܙܘܿܢܵܐ • (parzōnā) m sg (plural ܦܲܪ̈ܙܘܿܢܹܐ (parzōnē))
* backpack
* knapsack, haversack, rucksack
# کوڤيتيام
## Malay
### Etymology

From کوڤي (kopi) +‎ Hokkien 店 (tiàm).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /kopitiam/
* Rhymes: -iam, -am
* Hyphenation: کو‧ڤي‧تيام

### Noun

کوڤيتيام (Rumi spelling kopitiam, plural کوڤيتيام-کوڤيتيام or کوڤيتيام۲, informal 1st possessive کوڤيتيامکو, 2nd possessive کوڤيتياممو, 3rd possessive کوڤيتيامڽ)
* coffee shop
    Synonym: کداي کوڤي

### Further reading

* “کوڤيتيام” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
# پہیا
## Urdu
### Alternative forms

* پَہِیَّہ (pahiyya)

### Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀇𑀅 (païa), from Sanskrit प्रधि (pradhí).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard Urdu) IPA: /pə.ɦɪ.jː.ɑː/
* (colloquial) IPA: /ˈpəɪ̯jːˌɑː/
* Rhymes: -ɑː

### Noun

پَہِیَّا • (pahiyyā) m (Hindi spelling पहिया)
* wheel (of a vehicle)

#### Declension

Declension of پہیا :
| | singular | plural |
| direct | پہیا (pahiyyā) | پہیے (pahiyye) |
| oblique | پہیے (pahiyye) | پہیوں (pahiyyõ) |
| vocative | پہیے (pahiyye) | پہیو (pahiyyo) |

### References

* “پہیا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
* “پہیا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
# کھوئی
## Kohistani Shina
### Noun

کھوئی (khowy)
* feather
* feathered pakol
# یُوٰن
## Kohistani Shina
### Noun

یُوٰن (yōn)
* moon
# چمنتو
## Ottoman Turkish
### Etymology

Borrowed from Italian cemento (“cement”).

### Noun

چمنتو • (çemento)
* cement, a powdered substance that develops strong cohesive properties when mixed with water

#### Descendants

* Turkish: çimento
** → Northern Kurdish: çîmento
* → Albanian: çimento
* → Armenian: չիմէնթօ (čʻimēntʻō), չմանթո (čʻmantʻo)
* → Greek: τσιμέντο (tsiménto)

### Further reading

* Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “çimento”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 999
* Kélékian, Diran (1911) “چمنتو”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 474
* Kerestedjian, Bedros (1912) “tchémento”, in Kerest Haig, editor, Quelques matériaux pour un dictionnaire étymologique de la langue Turque (in French), London: Luzac & Co., page 347
* Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “çimento”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
# ܡܩܠܝܐ
## Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

* Root
* ܩ ܠ ܐ (q l ˀ)
* 3 terms

### Etymology

Compare Arabic مِقْلَاة (miqlāh).

### Pronunciation

* (Standard) IPA: [maq.ljɑː]

### Noun

ܡܲܩܠܝܵܐ • (maqlyā) m (plural ܡܲܩܠܝܹ̈ܐ (maqlyē))
* frying pan, pan (long-handled shallow pan used for frying food)
    Synonym: ܬܵܘܵܐ (tāwā)
# کۆن
## Central Kurdish
### Alternative forms

* کەون (kewn)

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ko̞ːn/

### Adjective

| Northern Kurdish | kevn |
کۆن (kon)
* old (of an object, concept, etc)

#### Derived terms

* کۆنی (konî)

## Khalaj
### Noun

کۆن (kün) (definite accusative کۆنۆ, plural کۆنلَر)
* Arabic spelling of kün (“sun”)
# ڤڠݢيريق
## Malay
### Noun

ڤڠݢيريق (plural ڤڠݢيريق-ڤڠݢيريق or ڤڠݢيريق۲, informal 1st possessive ڤڠݢيريقکو, 2nd possessive ڤڠݢيريقمو, 3rd possessive ڤڠݢيريقڽ)
* Jawi spelling of penggerek‎
# ڤڠکاتݢورين
## Malay
### Noun

ڤڠکاتݢورين (plural ڤڠکاتݢورين-ڤڠکاتݢورين or ڤڠکاتݢورين۲, informal 1st possessive ڤڠکاتݢورينکو, 2nd possessive ڤڠکاتݢورينمو, 3rd possessive ڤڠکاتݢورينڽ)
* Jawi spelling of pengkategorian‎.
# ނުވަތަ
## Dhivehi
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /n̪u.ʋa.t̪a/, [n̪u.wä.t̪ä]
* Hyphenation: ނު‧ވަ‧ތަ

### Conjunction

ނުވަތަ • (nuvata)
* or
    Synonym: ނޫނީ (nūnī)
# ނުކުތާ
## Dhivehi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic نُقْطَة (nuqṭa).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /n̪ukut̪əː/, [n̪ukut̪əː]

### Noun

ނުކުތާ • (nukutā) (plural ނުކުތާތައް (nukutātak̊))
* dot, point, full stop, period, jot; a diacritical point
* something to be carefully noted, detail

### References

* Hassan Ahmed Maniku (2000) “ނުކުތާ”, in A Concise Etymological Vocabulary of Dhivehi Language, Colombo: The Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka, page 195
# ڽاوآوْ
## Pattani Malay
### Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic *ñawa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nihawa, from Proto-Austronesian *NiSawa.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɲa.wɔ̃/

### Noun

ڽاوآوْ (nyawɔ̃) (Thai spelling ญาว̃อ)
* life
* soul
* life force
# अंशकरणम्
## Sanskrit
### Noun

अंशकरणम् • (aṃśakaraṇam) n
* nominative/vocative/accusative singular of अंशकरण (aṃśakaraṇa)
# आईन
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian آئین (ā'īn). Compare Assamese আইন (ain), Bengali আইন (ain).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ɑː.iːn/, [äː.ĩːn]

### Noun

आईन • (āīn) ? (Urdu spelling آئین)
* law
    Synonyms: क़ानून (qānūn), विधि (vidhi), विधान (vidhān)
# आड्डॉ
## Nihali
### Noun

आड्डॉ (āḍḍo)
* tree
# ރޭލު
## Dhivehi
### Etymology

Borrowed from English rail

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /ɾeː.lu/, [ɾeː.lu]
* Hyphenation: ރޭ‧ލު

### Noun

ރޭލު • (rēlu) (plural ރޭލުތައް (rēlutak̊))
* rail, railing

#### Synonyms

* (archaic) ގަރާޑި (garāḍi)

### References

* Hassan Ahmed Maniku (2000) “ރޭލު”, in A Concise Etymological Vocabulary of Dhivehi Language, Colombo: The Royal Asiatic Society of Sri Lanka, page 208
# अच्छे
## Hindi
### Adjective

अच्छे • (acche) m
* inflection of अच्छा (acchā):
** oblique/vocative masculine singular
** direct/oblique/vocative masculine plural

## Pali
### Alternative forms

* acche (Latin script)
* 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑁂 (Brahmi script)
* অচ্ছে (Bengali script)
* අච‍්ඡෙ (Sinhalese script)
* အစ္ဆေ or ဢၸ္ꧡေ or ဢၸ်ꧡေ (Burmese script)
* อจฺเฉ or อัจเฉ (Thai script)
* ᩋᨧ᩠ᨨᩮ (Tai Tham script)
* ອຈ຺ເຉ or ອັຈເຉ (Lao script)
* អច្ឆេ (Khmer script)
* 𑄃𑄌𑄴𑄍𑄬 (Chakma script)

### Noun

अच्छे
* Devanagari script form of acche, locative singular & accusative plural of अच्छ (accha, “bear”)
# अछत
## Awadhi
### Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit *अछत्र (achatra).

### Adjective

अछत (achat)
* crownless (a fallen or deposed king).

### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “अछत”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
# अच्छापन
## Hindi
### Etymology

अच्छा (acchā) +‎ -पन (-pan).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ət̪.t͡ʃʰɑː.pən/, [ɐt̚.t͡ʃʰäː.pɐ̃n]
* Audio:(file)

### Noun

अच्छापन • (acchāpan) m
* goodness
* excellence
# अक्षरा
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* অক্ষৰা (Assamese script)
* ᬅᬓ᭄ᬱᬭᬵ (Balinese script)
* অক্ষরা (Bengali script)
* 𑰀𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰨𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀭𑀸 (Brahmi script)
* အက္ၑရာ (Burmese script)
* અક્ષરા (Gujarati script)
* ਅਕ੍ਸ਼ਰਾ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌅𑌕𑍍𑌷𑌰𑌾 (Grantha script)
* ꦄꦏ꧀ꦰꦫꦴ (Javanese script)
* 𑂃𑂍𑂹𑂭𑂩𑂰 (Kaithi script)
* ಅಕ್ಷರಾ (Kannada script)
* អក្ឞរា (Khmer script)
* ອກ຺ຩຣາ (Lao script)
* അക്ഷരാ (Malayalam script)
* ᠠᡬᢢᠠᡵᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
* 𑘀𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘨𑘰 (Modi script)
* ᠠᢉᢔᠠᠷᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦠𑦮𑧠𑧌𑧈𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐀𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐬𑐵 (Newa script)
* ଅକ୍ଷରା (Odia script)
* ꢂꢒ꣄ꢰꢬꢵ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆃𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆫𑆳 (Sharada script)
* 𑖀𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖨𑖯 (Siddham script)
* අක්‍ෂරා (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩐𑩜 𑪙𑪀𑩼𑩛 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚀𑚊𑚶𑚤𑚭 (Takri script)
* அக்ஷரா (Tamil script)
* అక్షరా (Telugu script)
* อกฺษรา (Thai script)
* ཨ་ཀྵ་རཱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒁𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒩𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨀𑨋𑩇𑨯𑨫𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɐk.ʂɐ.ɾɑː/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɐk.ʂɐ.ɾɑː/

### Noun

अक्षरा • (ákṣarā) stem, f
* word
* speech
# ऋतूनाम्
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* ঋতূনাম্ (Assamese script)
* ᬋᬢᬹᬦᬵᬫ᭄ (Balinese script)
* ঋতূনাম্ (Bengali script)
* 𑰆𑰝𑰳𑰡𑰯𑰦𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀋𑀢𑀽𑀦𑀸𑀫𑁆 (Brahmi script)
* ၒတူနာမ် (Burmese script)
* ઋતૂનામ્ (Gujarati script)
* ਰਤੂਨਾਮ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌋𑌤𑍂𑌨𑌾𑌮𑍍 (Grantha script)
* ꦉꦠꦹꦤꦴꦩ꧀ (Javanese script)
* 𑂩𑂱𑂞𑂴𑂢𑂰𑂧𑂹 (Kaithi script)
* ಋತೂನಾಮ್ (Kannada script)
* ឫតូនាម៑ (Khmer script)
* ຣິຕູນາມ຺ (Lao script)
* ഋതൂനാമ് (Malayalam script)
* ᡵᡳᢠᡠᡠᠨᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠮ (Manchu script)
* 𑘆𑘝𑘴𑘡𑘰𑘦𑘿 (Modi script)
* ᠷᠢᢐᠤᠤᠨᠠᢗᠮ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦦𑦽𑧕𑧁𑧑𑧆𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐆𑐟𑐹𑐣𑐵𑐩𑑂 (Newa script)
* ଋତୂନାମ୍ (Odia script)
* ꢈꢡꢹꢥꢵꢪ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆉𑆠𑆷𑆤𑆳𑆩𑇀 (Sharada script)
* 𑖆𑖝𑖳𑖡𑖯𑖦𑖿 (Siddham script)
* ඍතූනාම් (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩐𑩙𑩫𑩒𑩛𑩯𑩛𑩴 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚙𑚱𑚝𑚭𑚢𑚶 (Takri script)
* ரிதூநாம் (Tamil script)
* ఋతూనామ్ (Telugu script)
* ฤตูนามฺ (Thai script)
* རྀ་ཏཱུ་ནཱ་མ྄ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒇𑒞𑒴𑒢𑒰𑒧𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨫𑨉𑨙𑨃𑨊𑨝𑨊𑨢𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /r̩.tuː.nɑ́ːm/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /r̩ˈt̪uː.n̪ɑːm/

### Noun

ऋतूनाम् • (ṛtūnā́m)
* genitive plural of ऋतु (ṛtu)
# काडू
## Marathi
### Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit गण्डूपद (gaṇḍūpada). Compare Hindi गेंडुआ (geṇḍuā), Punjabi ਗੰਡੋਆ (gaṇḍoā).

### Noun

काडू • (kāḍū) m
* earthworm
    Synonym: (more common) गांडूळ (gāṇḍūḷ)

### References

* Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “काडू”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
* Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “काडू”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
* दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “काडू”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
* Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gaṇḍūpada”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
# अपाविवउं
## Old Gujarati
### Verb

अपाविवउं • (apāvivaũ)
* to cause to be given

#### Descendants

* અપાવવું (apāvvũ)
# अपितु
## Hindi
### Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit अपि तु (api tu).

### Pronunciation

* (Delhi) IPA: /ə.pɪ.t̪uː/, [ɐ.pɪ.t̪uː]

### Conjunction

अपितु • (apitu)
* (formal) however, nonetheless; rather
    Synonym: बल्कि (balki)

#### References

* McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “अपितु”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

## Sanskrit
### Etymology

From अपि- (api-) +‎ तु (tu).

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /ɐ.pi.tu/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈɐ.pi.t̪u/

### Conjunction

अपितु • (apitu)
* however, nonetheless, then too
# कल्य
## Sanskrit
### Alternative scripts

* কল্য (Assamese script)
* ᬓᬮ᭄ᬬ (Balinese script)
* কল্য (Bengali script)
* 𑰎𑰩𑰿𑰧 (Bhaiksuki script)
* 𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀬 (Brahmi script)
* ကလျ (Burmese script)
* કલ્ય (Gujarati script)
* ਕਲ੍ਯ (Gurmukhi script)
* 𑌕𑌲𑍍𑌯 (Grantha script)
* ꦏꦭꦾ (Javanese script)
* 𑂍𑂪𑂹𑂨 (Kaithi script)
* ಕಲ್ಯ (Kannada script)
* កល្យ (Khmer script)
* ກລ຺ຍ (Lao script)
* കല്യ (Malayalam script)
* ᡬᠠᠯᠶᠠ (Manchu script)
* 𑘎𑘩𑘿𑘧 (Modi script)
* ᢉᠠᠯᠶ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
* 𑦮𑧉𑧠𑧇 (Nandinagari script)
* 𑐎𑐮𑑂𑐫 (Newa script)
* କଲ୍ଯ (Odia script)
* ꢒꢭ꣄ꢫ (Saurashtra script)
* 𑆑𑆬𑇀𑆪 (Sharada script)
* 𑖎𑖩𑖿𑖧 (Siddham script)
* කල්‍ය (Sinhalese script)
* 𑩜𑩽 𑪙𑩻 (Soyombo script)
* 𑚊𑚥𑚶𑚣 (Takri script)
* கல்ய (Tamil script)
* కల్య (Telugu script)
* กลฺย (Thai script)
* ཀ་ལྱ (Tibetan script)
* 𑒏𑒪𑓂𑒨 (Tirhuta script)
* 𑨋𑨬𑩇𑨪 (Zanabazar Square script)

### Pronunciation

* (Vedic) IPA: /kɐl.jɐ/
* (Classical Sanskrit) IPA: /ˈkɐl̪.jɐ/

### Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“handsome”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κάλλος (kállos), Albanian kolmë.

#### Adjective

कल्य • (kalya) stem
* well, healthy, free from sickness
* hale, vigorous
* sound, perfect, strong
* clever, dexterous
* ready or prepared for (+ locative or infinitive)
* agreeable, auspicious (as speech)
* instructive, admonitory

##### Declension
#### Noun

कल्य • (kalya) stem, n
* health
* good wishes, good tidings
* Emblic Myrobalan

##### Declension
### Etymology 2

Vowel reduction of काल्य (kālya, “timely; daybreak”).

#### Noun

कल्य • (kalya) stem, n
* dawn, morning
* yesterday

##### Derived terms

* कल्यम् (kalyam, “at dawn”)

##### Descendants

See also descendants of कल्यम् (kalyam).
* Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮𑁆𑀮 n (kalla, “dawn”)

### Etymology 3

Related to कड (kaḍa, “dumb, mute; ignorant, stupid”).

#### Adjective

कल्य • (kalya) stem
* deaf and dumb (compare कल (kala) and कल्ल (kalla))

### Etymology 4

See कल्या (kalyā, “spirituous liquor”).

#### Noun

कल्य • (kalya) stem, n
* spirituous liquor

### References

* Monier Williams (1899) “कल्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 263/2.
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 325-326
* Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 75-76
# कल्ल
## Sanskrit
### Adjective

कल्ल • (kalla)
* deaf