# encoratjar
## Catalan
### Etymology

From en- +‎ coratge +‎ -ar.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: (Central) [əŋ.ku.ɾəˈd͡ʒa]
* IPA: (Balearic) [əŋ.ko.ɾəˈd͡ʒa]
* IPA: (Valencia) [eŋ.ko.ɾaˈd͡ʒaɾ]

### Verb

encoratjar (first-person singular present encoratjo, first-person singular preterite encoratgí, past participle encoratjat)
* (transitive) to encourage (persuade using positive methods)
* (pronominal) to take heart

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | infinitive | infinitive | encoratjar | encoratjar | encoratjar | encoratjar | encoratjar |
| gerund | gerund | gerund | encoratjant | encoratjant | encoratjant | encoratjant | encoratjant |
| past participle | past participle | | | masculine | masculine | feminine | feminine |
| past participle | past participle | singular | singular | encoratjat | encoratjat | encoratjada | encoratjada |
| past participle | past participle | plural | plural | encoratjats | encoratjats | encoratjades | encoratjades |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| indicative | present | encoratjo | encoratges | encoratja | encoratgem | encoratgeu | encoratgen |
| indicative | imperfect | encoratjava | encoratjaves | encoratjava | encoratjàvem | encoratjàveu | encoratjaven |
| indicative | future | encoratjaré | encoratjaràs | encoratjarà | encoratjarem | encoratjareu | encoratjaran |
| indicative | preterite | encoratgí | encoratjares | encoratjà | encoratjàrem | encoratjàreu | encoratjaren |
| indicative | conditional | encoratjaria | encoratjaries | encoratjaria | encoratjaríem | encoratjaríeu | encoratjarien |
| subjunctive | | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès |
| subjunctive | present | encoratgi | encoratgis | encoratgi | encoratgem | encoratgeu | encoratgin |
| subjunctive | imperfect | encoratgés | encoratgessis | encoratgés | encoratgéssim | encoratgéssiu | encoratgessin |
| imperative | | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès |
| imperative | affirmative | — | encoratja | encoratgi | encoratgem | encoratgeu | encoratgin |
| imperative | negative (no) | — | no encoratgis | no encoratgi | no encoratgem | no encoratgeu | no encoratgin |

#### Derived terms

* desencoratjar
* encoratjador
* encoratjament

### Further reading

* “encoratjar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
* “encoratjar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
* “encoratjar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
* “encoratjar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

## Occitan
### Etymology

en- +‎ coratge +‎ -ar

### Pronunciation

* Audio:(file)
* Audio (Languedoc):(file)

### Verb

encoratjar
* to encourage (persuade using positive methods)

#### Conjugation

| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | encoratjar | encoratjar | encoratjar | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat |
| gerund | gerund | encoratjant | encoratjant | encoratjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | encoratjat | encoratjat | encoratjat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | encoratgi | encoratjas | encoratja | encoratjam | encoratjatz | encoratjan |
| indicative | imperfect | encoratjavi | encoratjavas | encoratjava | encoratjàvem | encoratjàvetz | encoratjavan |
| indicative | preterite | encoratgèri | encoratgères | encoratgèt | encoratgèrem | encoratgèretz | encoratgèron |
| indicative | future | encoratjarai | encoratjaràs | encoratjarà | encoratjarem | encoratjaretz | encoratjaràn |
| indicative | conditional | encoratjariái | encoratjariás | encoratjariá | encoratjariam | encoratjariatz | encoratjarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | encoratgèra | encoratgèras | encoratgèra | encoratgeram | encoratgeratz | encoratgèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | encoratge | encoratges | encoratge | encoratgem | encoratgetz | encoratgen |
| subjunctive | imperfect | encoratgèssi | encoratgèsses | encoratgèsse | encoratgèssem | encoratgèssetz | encoratgèsson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | encoratja | | encoratgem | encoratjatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | encoratjar | encoratjar | encoratjar | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat |
| gerund | gerund | encoratjant | encoratjant | encoratjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | encoratjat | encoratjat | encoratjat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | encoratge | encoratges | encoratja | encoratjam | encoratjatz | encoratjon |
| indicative | imperfect | encoratjave | encoratjaves | encoratjava | encoratjaviam | encoratjaviatz | encoratjavon |
| indicative | preterite | encoratgere | encoratgeres | encoratget | encoratgem | encoratgetz | encoratgeron |
| indicative | future | encoratjarai | encoratjaràs | encoratjará | encoratjarem | encoratjaretz | encoratjarán |
| indicative | conditional | encoratjariá | encoratjariás | encoratjariá | encoratjariam | encoratjariatz | encoratjarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | encoratgèra | encoratgèras | encoratgèra | encoratgeram | encoratgeratz | encoratgèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | encoratge | encoratges | encoratge | encoratjassiam | encoratjassiatz | encoratjon |
| subjunctive | imperfect | encoratgesse | encoratgesses | encoratgesse | encoratgessiam | encoratgessiatz | encoratgesson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | encoratja | | encoratjassiam | encoratjatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | encoratjar | encoratjar | encoratjar | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat |
| gerund | gerund | encoratjant | encoratjant | encoratjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | encoratjat | encoratjat | encoratjat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | encoratgi | encoratjas | encoratja | encoratjam | encoratjatz | encoratjan |
| indicative | imperfect | encoratjavi | encoratjavas | encoratjava | encoratjàvam | encoratjàvatz | encoratjavan |
| indicative | preterite | encoratgèi | encoratgès | encoratgè | encoratgèm | encoratgètz | encoratgèn |
| indicative | future | encoratjarèi | encoratjaràs | encoratjarà | encoratjaram | encoratjaratz | encoratjaràn |
| indicative | conditional | encoratjarí | encoratjarés | encoratjaré | encoratjarem | encoratjaretz | encoratjarén |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | encoratgèra | encoratgèras | encoratgèra | encoratgeram | encoratgeratz | encoratgèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | encoratgi | encoratges | encoratge | encoratgem | encoratgetz | encoratgen |
| subjunctive | imperfect | encoratgèssi | encoratgèsses | encoratgèsse | encoratgèssem | encoratgèssetz | encoratgèssen |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | encoratja | | encoratgem | encoratjatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | encoratjar | encoratjar | encoratjar | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat |
| gerund | gerund | encoratjant | encoratjant | encoratjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | encoratjat | encoratjat | encoratjat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | encoratge | encoratjas | encoratja | encoratjam | encoratjatz | encoratjan |
| indicative | imperfect | encoratjava | encoratjavas | encoratjava | encoratjàvam | encoratjàvatz | encoratjavan |
| indicative | preterite | encoratgei | encoratgeras | encoratget | encoratgèram | encoratgèratz | encoratgeran |
| indicative | future | encoratjarai | encoratjaràs | encoratjará | encoratjarem | encoratjaretz | encoratjarán |
| indicative | conditional | encoratjariá | encoratjariàs | encoratjariá | encoratjariam | encoratjariatz | encoratjarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | encoratgèra | encoratgèras | encoratgèra | encoratgeram | encoratgeratz | encoratgèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | encoratge | encoratges | encoratge | encoratgem | encoratgetz | encoratgen |
| subjunctive | imperfect | encoratgèsse | encoratgèsses | encoratgèsse | encoratgèssem | encoratgèssetz | encoratgèssen |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | encoratja | | encoratgem | encoratjatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |
| | | simple | simple | simple | compound | compound | compound |
| infinitive | infinitive | encoratjar | encoratjar | encoratjar | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat | aver encoratjat |
| gerund | gerund | encoratjant | encoratjant | encoratjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle | use gerund of aver + past participle |
| past participle | past participle | encoratjat | encoratjat | encoratjat | — | — | — |
| person | person | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural |
| person | person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| indicative | | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles |
| indicative | present | encoratge | encoratges | encoratja | encoratjam | encoratjatz | encoratjan |
| indicative | imperfect | encoratjavi | encoratjavas | encoratjava | encoratjàvem | encoratjàvetz | encoratjavan |
| indicative | preterite | encoratgère | encoratgères | encoratgèt | encoratgeriam | encoratgeriatz | encoratgèron |
| indicative | future | encoratjarai | encoratjaràs | encoratjarà | encoratjarem | encoratjaretz | encoratjaràn |
| indicative | conditional | encoratjariáu | encoratjariás | encoratjariá | encoratjariam | encoratjariatz | encoratjarián |
| indicative | conditional 2nd form$^1$ | encoratgèra | encoratgèras | encoratgèra | encoratgeram | encoratgeratz | encoratgèran |
| compound tenses | present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle | use the present tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle | use the future tense of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle |
| subjunctive | | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles |
| subjunctive | present | encoratge | encoratges | encoratge | encoratgem | encoratgetz | encoratjan |
| subjunctive | imperfect | encoratgèsse | encoratgèsses | encoratgèsse | encoratgessiam | encoratgessiatz | encoratgèsson |
| compound tenses | past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| compound tenses | pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle |
| imperative | imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — |
| imperative | imperative | | encoratja | | encoratgem | encoratjatz | $^1$Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects |