# afastar
## Galician
### Alternative forms

* fastar

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese afastar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), of obscure origin; maybe from Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“fixed, firm”), through Suevic [Term?] or Gothic.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /afasˈtaɾ/

### Verb

afastar (first-person singular present afasto, first-person singular preterite afastei, past participle afastado)
* (transitive) to repel, to move apart
* (reflexive) to retreat, to go back
** 1479, Fernández de Viana y Vieites, edited by José Ignacio, Colección diplomática del monasterio de Santa María de Pantón, Lugo: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Diputación Provincial de Lugo, page 250:qualquier de nos que se afastar a fora e o non quiser asy thener, conprir e agardar que día e pague aa parte aguardante [...] duzentos moravedís de moeda vellaany of us who would move out (of this pact) and who would not want to have it, to follow it, and to ward it, should give to the other part [...] 200 old coins

#### Conjugation

$^1$Less recommended.

### References

* Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “afastar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “afastar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “afastar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “afastar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
* “afastar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
* Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “afastar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
* ↑ Rivas Quintas, Eligio (2015). Dicionario etimolóxico da lingua galega. Santiago de Compostela: Tórculo, s.v. afastar,

## Portuguese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese afastar, of obscure origin; maybe from Proto-Germanic *fastuz (“fixed, firm”), through Suevic [Term?] or Gothic.

### Pronunciation

* (Brazil) IPA: /a.fasˈta(ʁ)/ [a.fasˈta(h)]
* (Brazil) IPA: /a.fasˈta(ʁ)/ [a.fasˈta(h)]
** (São Paulo) IPA: /a.fasˈta(ɾ)/
** (Rio de Janeiro) IPA: /a.faʃˈta(ʁ)/ [a.faʃˈta(χ)]
** (Southern Brazil) IPA: /a.fasˈta(ɻ)/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.fɐʃˈtaɾ/
* (Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.fɐʃˈtaɾ/
** (Southern Portugal) IPA: /ɐ.fɐʃˈta.ɾi/
* Hyphenation: a‧fas‧tar

### Verb

afastar (first-person singular present afasto, first-person singular preterite afastei, past participle afastado)
* (transitive) to repel; to push away (cause to move away)
    Este spray não conseguiu afastar os mosquitos. ― This spray didn’t manage to repel the mosquitos.
* (transitive) to drive apart (cause to stop being close, intimate)
    A disputa pela herança afastou os irmãos. ― The dispute for the inheritance drove the brothers apart.
* (pronominal) to step back; to move away [with de ‘from someone/something’]
    Afaste-se do fogo! ― Move away from the fire!
    Afasta-te de mim! ― Get away from me!
* (pronominal) to dissociate; to distance oneself (stop associating (with)) [with de ‘from someone’]
    Resolvi me afastar dos meus falsos amigos. ― I’ve decided to distance myself from my fake friends.
* (transitive) to suspend (temporarily ban someone from their job)
** CNJ afasta desembargador que concedeu prisão domiciliar a suspeito de liderar facção criminosa na BACNJ suspends the desembargador who conceded house arrest to a suspect of commanding an organized crime gang in Bahia.

#### Conjugation

$^1$Brazilian Portuguese. $^2$European Portuguese.

#### Derived terms

* afastador
* afastamento
* afastável

### Further reading

* “afastar”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
* “afastar”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2024
* “afastar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
* “afastar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
* “afastar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
* “afastar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024