OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 马拉人
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 马拉人 – see 馬拉人 (“Malay person; Malaysian person”). (This term is the simplified form of 馬拉人).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 鬓虎儿
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鬓虎儿 – see 鬢虎兒 (“temple”). (This term is the simplified form of 鬢虎兒).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 鬓影
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鬓影 – see 鬢影 (“shadow of hair on the temples”). (This term is the simplified form of 鬢影).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 鬓脚
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鬓脚 – see 鬢角 (“sideburns; sideboards; temples”). (This term is the simplified form of 鬢腳, which is in turn a variant form of 鬢角).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 麥當勞
## Chinese

* 麥當勞

### Etymology

Originally a transcription of English MacDonnell (McDonnell) in Cantonese for MacDonnell Road in Hong Kong. It was re-used to transcript English McDonald's/McDonald by McDonald's Hong Kong managing director Daniel Ng in the late 1970s or early 1980s, purposely chosen due to the existing familiarity of the road. Before, only the English name was present in official signage. A more direct transcription, 麥當奴／麦当奴 (mak6 dong1 nou4), was proposed, but the derogatory connotation of 奴 (nú, “slave”) led to it being replaced with 勞／劳 (literally “work”).

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Màidāngláo
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄞˋ ㄉㄤ ㄌㄠˊ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): mak$^6$ dong$^1$ lou$^4$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Ma̍k-tông-lò / Mái-tang-lâu
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): Be̍h-tang-lô
    (Teochew, Peng'im): bhêh$^8$ dang$^1$ lao$^5$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Màidāngláo
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄞˋ ㄉㄤ ㄌㄠˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Màidangláo
*** Wade–Giles: Mai$^4$-tang$^1$-lao$^2$
*** Yale: Mài-dāng-láu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Maydanglau
*** Palladius: Майданлао (Majdanlao)
*** Sinological IPA : /maɪ̯⁵¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯³⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: mak$^6$ dong$^1$ lou$^4$
*** Yale: mahk dōng lòuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: mak$^9$ dong$^1$ lou$^4$
*** Guangdong Romanization: meg$^6$ dong$^1$ lou$^4$
*** Sinological IPA : /mɐk̚² tɔːŋ⁵⁵ lou̯²¹/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Ma̍k-tông-lò / Mái-tang-lâu
*** Hakka Romanization System: mag dong$^ˊ$ lo$^ˇ$ / mai$^ˋ$ dang lau$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: mag$^6$ dong$^1$ lo$^2$ / mai$^3$ dang$^4$ lau$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /mak̚⁵ toŋ²⁴ lo¹¹/, /mai̯³¹ taŋ⁵⁵ lau̯²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Be̍h-tang-lô
*** Tâi-lô: Be̍h-tang-lô
*** Phofsit Daibuun: beqdanglooi
*** IPA (Taipei): /be(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lo²⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /be(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lɤ²³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: bhêh$^8$ dang$^1$ lao$^5$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: be̍h tang lâu
*** Sinological IPA : /beʔ⁴⁻² taŋ³³⁻²³ lau⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

麥當勞
* McDonald's (fast food restaurant chain)
* Alternative term for 麥克唐納／麦克唐纳 (Màikètángnà, “McDonald”), a transliteration of the English surname McDonald

#### Synonyms

* (McDonald's):
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 麥當勞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 麥當勞 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 麥當勞 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 麥當勞, 老麥, M記, 麥記, 牡丹樓, 金拱門 |
| Cantonese | Macau | 麥當勞, 老麥, M記 |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 麥當勞 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 麥當勞 |
| Hakka | Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 麥當勞 |
| Hakka | Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 麥當勞 |
| Hakka | Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 麥當勞 |

#### Descendants

* → Mongolian: ᠮᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠩ ᠯᠤᠤ (mai dang luu)

### References

* ↑ Golden arches east : McDonald's in East Asia, second edition, Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2006, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 82-83
# 麥秀黍油
## Chinese

| | | wheat; barley; oats | to ear; beautiful; elegantto ear; beautiful; elegant; outstanding; to show; to display; show | broomcorn millet; glutinous millet | oil; sly |
| trad. (麥秀黍油) | trad. (麥秀黍油) | 麥 | 秀 | 黍 | 油 |
| simp. (麦秀黍油) | simp. (麦秀黍油) | 麦 | 秀 | 黍 | 油 |

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): màixiùshǔyóu
    (Zhuyin): ㄇㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄡˋ ㄕㄨˇ ㄧㄡˊ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: màixiùshǔyóu
*** Zhuyin: ㄇㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄡˋ ㄕㄨˇ ㄧㄡˊ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: màisiòushǔyóu
*** Wade–Giles: mai$^4$-hsiu$^4$-shu$^3$-yu$^2$
*** Yale: mài-syòu-shǔ-yóu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mayshiowshuuyou
*** Palladius: майсюшую (majsjušuju)
*** Sinological IPA : /maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ joʊ̯³⁵/

### Idiom

麥秀黍油
* the wheat and corn grow but the fatherland is no more
# 鱼干儿
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 鱼干儿 – see 魚乾兒 (“dried fish”). (This term is the simplified form of 魚乾兒).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 黑帮
## Chinese

* For pronunciation and definitions of 黑帮 – see 黑幫 (“gangsters; criminal gang; organized crime syndicate; etc.”). (This term is the simplified form of 黑幫).
* Notes:Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore.Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
# 鿑

| 鿑 | U+9FD1, &#40913; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9FD1 |
| ← 鿐 [U+9FD0] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 鿒 → [U+9FD2] |

## Translingual
### Han character

鿑 (Kangxi radical 15, 冫+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈一一土戈 (IMMGI), composition ⿰冫玉)

#### References

* Unihan data for U+9FD1
# 齊數
## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 齊 | 數 |
| さい Jinmeiyō | す Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
Kanji in this term :
| 齊 | 數 |
| さい Jinmeiyō | すう Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
For pronunciation and definitions of 齊數 – see the following entry. :
| 【斉数さいす】 | [proper noun] a surname |
| 【斉数さいすう】 | [proper noun] a surname |
(This term, 齊數, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) :
# ꕒ

| ꕒ | U+A552, &#42322; VAI SYLLABLE BA |
| ← ꕑ [U+A551] | Vai | ꕓ → [U+A553] |

## Vai
### Syllable

ꕒ • (ɓa)
* The Vai syllable ɓa
# ꕏ

| ꕏ | U+A54F, &#42319; VAI SYLLABLE WAN |
| ← ꕎ [U+A54E] | Vai | ꕐ → [U+A550] |

## Vai
### Syllable

ꕏ • (wã)
* The Vai syllable wan, or wã
# 麥𥡢頭
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): $^8$maq-seq-deu
* Wu
** (Northern: Shanghai)
*** Wugniu: $^8$maq-seq-deu
*** MiniDict: mah$^入$ seh deu
*** Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): $^5$maq-seq-deu
*** Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /maʔ¹¹ səʔ²² dɤ²³/

### Noun

麥𥡢頭
* (Shanghainese) ear of wheat
# 鶯歌
## Chinese

* 鶯歌 (Written Standard Chinese)
* Eng-ko-khu (Southern Min)

### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yīnggē
    (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥ ㄍㄜ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ang$^1$ go$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yîn-kô
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): eng-ko
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yīnggē
*** Zhuyin: ㄧㄥ ㄍㄜ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yingge
*** Wade–Giles: ying$^1$-ko$^1$
*** Yale: yīng-gē
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ingge
*** Palladius: ингэ (ingɛ)
*** Sinological IPA : /iŋ⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ang$^1$ go$^1$
*** Yale: āng gō
*** Cantonese Pinyin: ang$^1$ go$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: eng$^1$ go$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /ɐŋ⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn-kô
*** Hakka Romanization System: in$^ˊ$ go$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yin$^1$ go$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /in²⁴⁻¹¹ ko²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn-kô
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)in$^ˊ$ go$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yin$^1$ go$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)in²⁴⁻¹¹ ko²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: eng-ko
*** Tâi-lô: ing-ko
*** Phofsit Daibuun: engkoy
*** IPA (Taipei): /iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ko⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

### Noun

鶯歌
* mellow singing of warblers; (figurative) beautiful singing voice

### Proper noun

鶯歌
* (～區, formerly ～鎮) Yingge (a district of New Taipei, Taiwan)
# ꘤

| ꘤ | U+A624, &#42532; VAI DIGIT FOUR |
| ← ꘣ [U+A623] | Vai | ꘥ → [U+A625] |

## Vai
### Number

꘤ • (4)
* (obsolete) The Vai numeral four
# ꦏꦸꦏꦸꦃ
## Javanese
### Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kukuq (“stick to, adhere firmly”), from Proto-Austronesian *kukuq (“stick to, adhere firmly”).

### Adjective

ꦏꦸꦏꦸꦃ (kukuh) (ngoko ꦏꦸꦏꦸꦃ, krama ꦏꦺꦏꦃ)
* solid, strong, unmovable.
# ꦥꦿꦤꦏꦤ꧀
## Javanese
### Etymology

Affixed ꦲꦤꦏ꧀ (anak) +‎ ꦥꦿ- (pra-) +‎ -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /prʌ.nʌʔ.ˈʌn/
* Hyphenation: pra‧nak‧an

### Noun

ꦥꦿꦤꦏꦤ꧀ (pranakan) (ngoko)
* womb
* some type of (something, usually related to botanical and zoology breed)
* mixed-origin descent (usually applied to Chinese Javanese and Dutch Javanese)
* a type of clothing (usually worn by the Chinese-descent Javanese)

### Adjective

ꦥꦿꦤꦏꦤ꧀ (pranakan) (ngoko)
* relating to the Peranakan (its language, customs, etc.)
    the Peranakan community in Java is widely considered as the pure or original form of Peranakan

### Descendants

* → English: pranakan
* → Malay: peranakan
** > Indonesian: peranakan (inherited)

### Related terms

* pribumi
* Prambanan

### Further reading

* “ꦥꦿꦤꦏꦤ꧀”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
* ISO 639-3 code pea (SIL)
* Ethnologue entry for ꦥꦿꦤꦏꦤ꧀, pea ⁠
# ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## Manipuri
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /pu.wa.ɾi/

### Noun

ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ (poowaaree)
* history

### References

* Sharma, H[anjabam] Surmangol (2006) “ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ”, in Learners' Manipuri-English dictionary, Imphal: Sangam Book Store.
# ꯄꯥꯑꯣ
## Manipuri
### Etymology

Learned borrowing from Chinese 報／报 (bào).

### Noun

ꯄꯥꯑꯣ (paaʼo)
* message, information, news
# 黃灘
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): Huángtān
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄊㄢ
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: Huángtān
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄊㄢ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: Huángtan
*** Wade–Giles: Huang$^2$-tʻan$^1$
*** Yale: Hwáng-tān
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Hwangtan
*** Palladius: Хуантань (Xuantanʹ)
*** Sinological IPA : /xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tʰän⁵⁵/

### Proper noun

黃灘
* (～鎮) Huangtan (a town in Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)
# 게양
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 揭揚.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈke̞(ː)ja̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [게(ː)양]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

게양 • (geyang) (hanja 揭揚)
* hoisting; raising (a flag)
    국기를 게양하다gukgi-reul geyanghadato raise the national flag

#### Derived terms

* 게양하다 (揭揚—, geyanghada)
* 게양되다 (揭揚—, geyangdoeda)
# 게양하다
## Korean
### Etymology

게양(揭揚) (geyang, “hoisting, raising”) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈke̞(ː)ja̠ŋɦa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [게(ː)양하다]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Verb

게양하다 • (geyanghada) (infinitive 게양해 or 게양하여, sequential 게양하니)
* to hoist; to raise (a flag)
# 게으름
## Korean
### Etymology

Substantive form of the adjective 게으르다 (geeureuda, “to be lazy”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ke̞ɯɾɯm]
* Phonetic hangul: [게으름]

### Noun

게으름 • (geeureum)
* laziness, idleness
* to laze (about); to be lazy
    시험에 떨어지지 않으려면 게으름을 그만 피우도록 하여라siheome tteoreojiji aneuryeomyeon geeureumeul geuman piudorok hayeoraStop your indolence if you don't want to fail the examination.

#### Synonyms

* 개으름 (gaeeureum)
* 태만 (taeman)

#### Related terms

* 게으르다 (geeureuda): lazy
* 게으름뱅이 (geeureumbaeng'i): lazybones, a lazy person
# 거치대
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 据置臺, from 据置 (“leave”) + 臺 (“platform”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kʌ̹t͡ɕʰidɛ] ~ [kʌ̹t͡ɕʰide̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [거치대/거치데]

### Noun

거치대 • (geochidae) (hanja 据置臺)
* a platform to place or mount an object
# 거짓말하다
## Korean
### Etymology

거짓말 (geojinmal) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈkɘ(ː)d͡ʑinma̠ɾɦa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [거(ː)진말하다]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Verb

거짓말하다 • (geojinmalhada) (infinitive 거짓말해 or 거짓말하여, sequential 거짓말하니)
* to lie; to tell a lie
# 공격
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 攻擊, from 攻 (“striking”) + 擊 (“hitting”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈko̞(ː)ŋɡjʌ̹k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [공(ː)격]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

공격 • (gonggyeok) (hanja 攻擊)
* attack
** 2010, “공격전이다 [gonggyeokjeonida]”, 윤두근 [yundugeun] (lyrics), 안정호 [anjeongho] (music):백두산 번개처럼 공격！ / 정일봉 우뢰처럼 공격！ / 공격 공격 공격전이다！Baekdusan beon'gae-cheoreom gonggyeok！ / Jeong'ilbong uroe-cheoreom gonggyeok！ / Gonggyeok gonggyeok gonggyeokjeon-ida！(please add an English translation of this quotation)
* (law) charge; accusation

#### Derived terms

* 공격전 (攻擊戰, gonggyeokjeon)
* 공격하다 (攻擊—, gonggyeokhada, “to attack”)
* 미세공격 (微細攻擊, misegonggyeok, “microagression”)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: コンギョ
* → Chinese: (semantic loan) 空優／空优 (kōngyōu)
# 공거리
## Jeju
### Alternative forms

* 공고리 (gonggori)

### Etymology

From Japanese コンクリ (konkuri). Compare Korean 공구리 (gongguri).

### Pronunciation

* (Morphophonemic) IPA: ⫽koŋkəli⫽
* (Jeju City) IPA: [koŋɡəɾi]
* Phonetic hangul: [공거리]

### Noun

공거리 (gonggeori)
* concrete
# 검술
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 劍術.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈkɘ(ː)msʰuɭ]
* Phonetic hangul: [검(ː)술]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

검술 • (geomsul) (hanja 劍術)
* swordsmanship
# 괴이히
## Korean
### Etymology

괴이(怪異) (goei) +‎ 히 (-hi).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kwe̞iʝi] ~ [kø̞iʝi]
* Phonetic hangul: [궤이히/괴이히]

### Adverb

괴이히 • (goeihi) (hanja 怪異히)
* strangely; bizarrely
** 1930, 아메노모리 호슈(雨森芳洲) [Amenomori Hōshū], “疾病”, in 교린수지(交隣須知) (Gyorinsuji)‎, 小倉文庫 edition, volume 1:六指 뉵가락은 괴이히 ᄉᆡᆼ겻ᄉᆞᆸᄂᆡnyukca nyukkalak-un kwoyihi soyngkyessopnoySix fingers: Six fingers strangely occur.
# 괴짜
## Korean
### Etymology

괴(怪) (goe, “strangeness”) +‎ 짜 (-jja).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈkwe̞(ː)t͡ɕ͈a̠] ~ [ˈkø̞(ː)t͡ɕ͈a̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [궤(ː)짜/괴(ː)짜]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

괴짜 • (goejja)
* eccentric person, odd fish, screwball
# 괴오다
## Middle Korean
### Etymology

Has the shape of *괴다 (*kwoy-ta, unknown intransitive verb) + 오 (-Gwo-, causative suffix), but no such relevant verb is attested.

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /koj.ɣo.ta/

### Verb

괴오다 (kwoyGwota)
* to support, to prop up

#### Usage notes

Another verb with the form 괴오다, a derived causative of 괴다 (goeda, “(of a liquid) to pool together”) with the sense of "to cause to pool together", is attested in Early Modern Korean (諺解痘瘡集要/언해두창집요, 1608).

#### Descendants

* Jeju: 궤다 (gweda)
* Korean: 괴다 (goeda)
# 닐웨
## Middle Korean
### Pronunciation

* IPA: /nil.ɣwəj/, [niɾ.ɣwəj]

### Noun

닐웨〮 (nìlGwéy)
* seven days

#### Descendants

* Korean: 이레 (ire)
# 끝나다
## Korean
### Etymology

Univerbation of 끝 (kkeut, “end”) +‎ 나다 (nada, “to emerge”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [k͈ɯnna̠da̠]
** Audio:(file)
* Phonetic hangul: [끈나다]

### Verb

Korean verb set :
| Base | 끝나다 (kkeunnada) |
| Causative | 끝내다 (kkeunnaeda) |
끝나다 • (kkeunnada) (infinitive 끝나, sequential 끝나니)
* to come to an end; to become finished
    아르바이트는 언제 끝나?areubaiteuneun eonje kkeunna?When does your part-time job end?

#### References

* National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (2007 June 4 (last accessed)) “끝나다 [kkeunnada]”, in 표준국어대사전 [pyojun'gugeodaesajeon]‎
# 맹글다
## Korean
### Verb

맹글다 • (maenggeulda) (infinitive 맹글어, sequential 맹그니)
* (dialectal, Gangwon, Seoul, Gyeongsang, Jeolla dialect, Chungcheong, Hamgyong, Yukjin) Synonym of 만들다 (mandeulda, “to make, establish”).
** 2012 July 3, 정영규 [jeong'yeonggyu], “부자들을 찾아 천지공사를 한 증산 [bujadeureul chaja cheonjigongsareul han jeungsan]”, in 한국구비문학대계 [han'gukgubimunhakdaegye]‎, 전라북도 김제시 금산면 [jeollabukdo gimjesi geumsanmyeon]:...열두 장을 맹글어 가져왔다능거 아닙니까....Yeoldu jang-eul maenggeureo gajeowatdaneunggeo animnikka....didn't you say to make and bring 12 sheets of paper.
# 두근거리다
## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin. From 두근 (dugeun, “palpitating”) +‎ 거리다 (-georida, suffix deriving frequentative verbs from ideophonic terms).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [tuɡɯnɡʌ̹ɾida̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [두근거리다]

### Verb

두근거리다 • (dugeun'georida) (infinitive 두근거려 or 두근거리어, sequential 두근거리니)
* to pound, to palpitate (of the heart)
# ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ
## Javanese

Javanese writing system :
| Carakan | ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ |
| Pegon | |
| Roman | ratna |

### Etymology

Inherited from Old Javanese ratna (“jewel; jewelled, of jewels, jewel-like”), from Sanskrit रत्न (ratna, “gem, jewel”). Doublet of ꦉꦠ꧀ꦤ (retna).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /rat.nɔ/
* Rhymes: -nɔ
* Hyphenation: rat‧na

### Noun

ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ (ratna)
* diamond

### Proper noun

ꦫꦠ꧀ꦤ (Ratna)
* a female given name

### Further reading

* “ratna” in Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Jawa-Indonesia], Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta Special [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta], 2023.
# ꦮꦱꦤ
## Javanese
### Etymology

Inherited from Old Javanese wasana, wasāna, awasāna (“end, result, issue”), from Sanskrit अवसान (avasāna, “finish”).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: /wa.sɔ.nɔ/
* Rhymes: -nɔ
* Hyphenation: wa‧sa‧na

### Adjective

ꦮꦱꦤ (wasana)
* final

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: wasana

### Further reading

* “wasana” in Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Jawa-Indonesia], Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta Special [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta], 2023.
# ꦮꦮꦱꦤ꧀
## Javanese
### Etymology

Affixed ꦮꦮꦱ꧀ (wawas, “to view attentively”) +‎ -ꦲꦤ꧀ (-an).

### Pronunciation

* IPA: [waˈwasan]
* Hyphenation: wa‧was‧an

### Noun

ꦮꦮꦱꦤ꧀ (wawasan)
* view
* opinion
* judgement

#### Descendants

* → Indonesian: wawasan
** → Malay: wawasan

### Further reading

* The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta (2015) “wawasan”, in Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa) [Javanese Language Dictionary (Javanese Dictionary)] (in Javanese), Yogyakarta: Kanisius, →ISBN
# 꽹과리
## Korean
### Etymology

Of native Korean origin. Exact origin uncertain; likely onomatopoeia for the sound the instrument produces, 꽹꽹 (kkwaengkkwaeng).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [k͈wɛŋɡwa̠ɾi] ~ [k͈we̞ŋɡwa̠ɾi]
* Phonetic hangul: [꽹과리/뀅과리]

### Noun

꽹과리 • (kkwaenggwari)
* kkwaenggwari (a small brass gong used in Korean folk music)

#### Alternative forms

* 꽹가리 (kkwaenggari)
# 배기관
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 排氣管 (“exhaust pipe”)

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pɛɡiɡwa̠n] ~ [pe̞ɡiɡwa̠n]
* Phonetic hangul: [배기관/베기관]

### Noun

배기관 • (baegigwan) (hanja 排氣管)
* exhaust pipe
# 번영
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 繁榮.

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pʌ̹ɲʌ̹ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [버녕]

### Noun

번영 • (beonyeong) (hanja 繁榮)
* prosperity

#### Derived terms

* 번영하다 (繁榮—, beonyeonghada)
# 번역자
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 飜譯 (“translation”) + 者 (“-er”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pʌ̹ɲʌ̹k̚t͡ɕ͈a̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [버녁짜]

### Noun

번역자 • (beonyeokja) (hanja 飜譯者)
* translator
    Synonym: 번역가(飜譯家) (beonyeokga)
# 번역
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 飜譯／翻譯

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [pʌ̹ɲʌ̹k̚]
* Phonetic hangul: [버녁]

### Noun

번역 • (beonyeok) (hanja 飜譯/翻譯)
* translation
** 1762, King Yeongjo of Korea, 御製警民音 / 어제경민음 [Royal Words in Advice to the People (Against Alcoholism)]:이 글은 이젼 범연히 번역ᄒᆞᆫ 글과 다ᄅᆞ니 너희 보기 어렵지 아니ᄒᆞ고 […]i geureun ijyeon beomyeonhi beonyeokhan geulgwa dareuni neohui bogi eoryeopji anihago […]This writing is different from those writings of the past that were haphazardly translated [i.e. it has been composed directly in Korean], so it shall not be difficult for you to read […]

#### Derived terms

* 번역하다 (飜譯하다/翻譯하다, beonyeokhada, “to translate”)
# 변이 지방
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 變異 (“transform”) + 脂肪 (“fat”).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈpjɘ(ː)ni t͡ɕiba̠ŋ]
* Phonetic hangul: [벼(ː)니 지방]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

변이 지방 • (byeoni jibang) (hanja 變異 脂肪)
* (rare, neologism, nativising coinage) Synonym of 트랜스지방 (teuraenseujibang, “trans fat”)

#### Usage notes

Created by the National Institute of the Korean Language in 2008 to replace the English loanword 트랜스지방 (teuraenseujibang), apparently out of the misconception that trans fat is so named in English because it has been artificially "transformed". In reality, trans fat is named after Cis-trans isomerism and occurs naturally in meat and milk without human intervention. This word is very rarely used.
# 변절하다
## Korean
### Etymology

변절(變節) (byeonjeol) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈpjɘ(ː)ɲd͡ʑʌ̹ɾɦa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [변(ː)절하다]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Verb

변절하다 • (byeonjeolhada) (infinitive 변절해 or 변절하여, sequential 변절하니)
* (intransitive) to defect; to betray
# 구취
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 口臭

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ˈku(ː)t͡ɕʰɥi] ~ [ˈku(ː)t͡ɕʰy]
* Phonetic hangul: [구(ː)취]
** Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

### Noun

구취 • (guchwi) (hanja 口臭)
* halitosis
# 구타하다
## Korean
### Etymology

구타(毆打) (guta, “beating; assault”) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [kutʰa̠ɦa̠da̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [구타하다]

### Verb

구타하다 • (gutahada) (infinitive 구타해 or 구타하여, sequential 구타하니)
* to beat up; to assault
# 믿나랗
## Middle Korean
### Etymology

From 믿 (mit) +‎ 나랗 (nalah, “country, nation”).

### Noun

믿나랗 (mitnalah)
* home country

#### Descendants

* Korean: 밑나라 (minnara)
# 달마
## Korean
### Etymology

Sino-Korean word from 達摩 (“dharma”), ultimately from Sanskrit धर्म (dhárma). See also Japanese 達磨 (daruma).

### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [ta̠ɭma̠]
* Phonetic hangul: [달마]

### Noun

달마 • (dalma) (hanja 達摩)
* (Buddhism) dharma
* daruma (hollow and round traditional Japanese doll)

#### See also

* 다루마 (daruma, “daruma doll”)
# 삼체
## Korean
### Etymology 1

Compound of 삼(三) (sam, “three”) +‎ 체 (che, “pretense, facade”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰa̠mt͡ɕʰe̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [삼체]

#### Noun

삼체 • (samche) (hanja 三체)
* (derogatory) the three acts of pretense: pretending to know, acting superior, and pretending to own something

### Etymology 2

Compound of 삼(三) (sam, “three”) +‎ 체(體) (che, “shape; form”).

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰa̠mt͡ɕʰe̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [삼체]

#### Noun

삼체 • (samche) (hanja 三體)
* three shapes or objects
* (physics) the three states of matter
    Meronyms: 고체(固體) (goche, “solid”), 액체(液體) (aekche, “liquid”), 기체(氣體) (giche, “gas”)
* (painting) the three styles in Chinese painting with distinct degrees of faithfulness
    Meronyms: 해체(楷體) (haeche), 행체(行體) (haengche), 초체(草體) (choche)
* (calligraphy) the three script styles in Chinese calligraphy
    Meronyms: 해서(楷書) (haeseo, “regular”), 행서(行書) (haengseo, “semi-cursive”), 초서(草書) (choseo, “cursive”)
* (music) the three tempos in Korean traditional music
    Meronyms: 만(慢)/만기(慢機)/일(一) (man/man'gi/il, “slow”), 중(中)/중기(中機)/이(二) (jung/junggi/i, “moderate”), 삭(數)/급기(急機)/삼(三) (sak/geupgi/sam, “fast”)

### Etymology 3

See the main entry.

#### Pronunciation

* (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA: [sʰa̠mt͡ɕʰe̞]
* Phonetic hangul: [삼체]

#### Noun

삼체 • (samche) (hanja 三諦)
* (Buddhism) Alternative spelling of 삼제(三諦) (samje)