# ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ϧⲱⲧⲉⲃ (xōteb) — Bohairic
* ϩⲱⲧⲃ (hōtb) — Sahidic
* ϩⲱⲧⲉⲃ (hōteb) — Fayyumic

### Etymology

Inherited from Demotic ẖtb (“to kill”), from Egyptian ẖdb (“to kill”).

### Verb

ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ • (hoteb)
* (Fayyumic, transitive, intransitive) to kill

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ hoteb | imperative | affirmative | ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ hoteb |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ štemhoteb | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲡⲉⲗϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpelhoteb, pelhoteb |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tihoteb | ⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ khoteb | ⲧⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tehoteb | ϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ fhoteb | ⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ shoteb | ⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tenhoteb | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tetenhoteb | ⲥⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ sehoteb | ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ hoteb |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eihoteb | ⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ekhoteb | ⲉⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ elehoteb | ⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ efhoteb | ⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eshoteb | ⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ enhoteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eletenhoteb | ⲉⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ euhoteb | ⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ele- hoteb |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etihoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etekhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etefhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eteshoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etenhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etetenhoteb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etouhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ete- hoteb, etele- hoteb |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ naihoteb | ⲛⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nakhoteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nalehoteb | ⲛⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nafhoteb | ⲛⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nashoteb | ⲛⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nanhoteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ naletenhoteb | ⲛⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nauhoteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nale- hoteb |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aihoteb | ⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ akhoteb | ⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ alehoteb | ⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ afhoteb | ⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ashoteb | ⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ anhoteb | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aletenhoteb | ⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ auhoteb | ⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ale- hoteb |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tinehoteb | ⲕⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ knehoteb | ⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tenehoteb | ϥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ fnehoteb | ⲥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ snehoteb | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tennehoteb | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tetennehoteb | ⲥⲉⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ senehoteb | ⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nehoteb |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ einehoteb | ⲉⲕⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eknehoteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ elenehoteb | ⲉϥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ efnehoteb | ⲉⲥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ esnehoteb | ⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ennehoteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eletennehoteb | ⲉⲩⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eunehoteb | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ele- nehoteb |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etinehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eteknehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etenehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etefnehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etesnehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etennehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etetennehoteb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etounehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etele- nehoteb |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nainehoteb | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ naknehoteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nalenehoteb | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nafnehoteb | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nasnehoteb | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nannehoteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ naletennehoteb | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ naunehoteb | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nale- nehoteb |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ainehoteb | ⲁⲕⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aknehoteb | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ alenehoteb | ⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ afnehoteb | ⲁⲥⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ asnehoteb | ⲁⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ annehoteb | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aletennehoteb | ⲁⲩⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aunehoteb | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ale- nehoteb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aihoteb | ⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ akhoteb | ⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ alehoteb | ⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ afhoteb | ⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ashoteb | ⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ anhoteb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ atetenhoteb | ⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ auhoteb | ⲁ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ a- hoteb |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpihoteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpekhoteb | ⲙⲡⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpehoteb | ⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpefhoteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpeshoteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpenhoteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpetenhoteb | ⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpouhoteb | ⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpe- hoteb |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eaihoteb | ⲉⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eakhoteb | ⲉⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ealehoteb | ⲉⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eafhoteb | ⲉⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eashoteb | ⲉⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eanhoteb | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eatetenhoteb | ⲉⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eauhoteb | ⲉⲁ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ea- hoteb |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empihoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empekhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empehoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empefhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empeshoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empenhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empetenhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empouhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empe- hoteb |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntaihoteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntakhoteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntalehoteb | ⲛⲧⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntafhoteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntashoteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntanhoteb | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etaletenhoteb | ⲛⲧⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntauhoteb | ⲛⲧⲁ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nta- hoteb |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempihoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempekhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempefhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempeshoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempenhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempetenhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempouhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempe- hoteb |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nneaihoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nneakhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnealehoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nneafhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nneashoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nneanhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nneatetenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nneauhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnea- hoteb |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempihoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempekhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempehoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempefhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempeshoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempetenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempouhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempe- hoteb |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aaihoteb | ⲁⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aakhoteb | ⲁⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aalehoteb | ⲁⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aafhoteb | ⲁⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aashoteb | ⲁⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aanhoteb | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etaletenhoteb | ⲁⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aauhoteb | ⲁⲁ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aa- hoteb |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpatihoteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpatekhoteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpatehoteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpatefhoteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpateshoteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpatenhoteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpatetenhoteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpatouhoteb | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpate- hoteb |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empatihoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empatekhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empatehoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empatefhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empateshoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empatenhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empatetenhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empatouhoteb | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ empate- hoteb |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempatihoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempatekhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempatehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempatefhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempateshoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempatenhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempatetenhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempatouhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etempate- hoteb |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempatihoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempatekhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempatehoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempatefhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempateshoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempatenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempatetenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempatouhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnempate- hoteb |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šaihoteb | ϣⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šakhoteb | ϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šalehoteb | ϣⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šafhoteb | ϣⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šashoteb | ϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šanhoteb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šatetenhoteb | ϣⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šauhoteb | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šale- hoteb |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ meihoteb | ⲙⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mekhoteb | ⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ melehoteb | ⲙⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mefhoteb | ⲙⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ meshoteb | ⲙⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ menhoteb | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ meletenhoteb | ⲙⲉⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ meuhoteb | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mele- hoteb |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ešaihoteb | ⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ešakhoteb | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ešalehoteb | ⲉϣⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ešafhoteb | ⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ešashoteb | ⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ešanhoteb | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ešatetenhoteb | ⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ešauhoteb | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ešale- hoteb |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ emeihoteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ emekhoteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ emelehoteb | ⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ emefhoteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ emeshoteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ emenhoteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ emeletenhoteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ emeuhoteb | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ emele- hoteb |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etešaihoteb, nšaihoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etešakhoteb, nšakhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etešalehoteb, nšalehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etešafhoteb, nšafhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etešashoteb, nšashoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etešanhoteb, nšanhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etešatetenhoteb, nšatetenhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etešauhoteb, nšauhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etešale- hoteb, nšale- hoteb |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etemeihoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etemekhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etemelehoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etemefhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etemeshoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etemenhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etemeletenhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etemeuhoteb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ etemele- hoteb |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnešaihoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnešakhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnešalehoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnešafhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnešashoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnešanhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnešatetenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnešauhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnešale- hoteb |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnemeihoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnemekhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnemelehoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnemefhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnemeshoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnemenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnemeletenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnemeuhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnemele- hoteb |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nmeihoteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nmekhoteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nmelehoteb | ⲛⲙⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nmefhoteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nmeshoteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nmenhoteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nmeletenhoteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nmeuhoteb | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nmele- hoteb |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eiehoteb | ⲉⲕⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ekehoteb | ⲉⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ elehoteb | ⲉϥⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ efehoteb | ⲉⲥⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ esehoteb | ⲉⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ enehoteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eletenehoteb | ⲉⲩⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ euehoteb | ⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ele- hoteb |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnahoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnekhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnehoteb | ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnefhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nneshoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnetenhoteb | ⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nnouhoteb | ⲛⲛⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nne- hoteb |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ malihoteb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ malefhoteb | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ maleshoteb | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ malenhoteb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ malouhoteb | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ male- hoteb |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpeltrihoteb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpeltrefhoteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpeltreshoteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpeltrenhoteb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpeltreuhoteb | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ mpeltre- hoteb |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tahoteb, ntahoteb | ⲛⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nkhoteb | ⲛⲧⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntehoteb | ⲛϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nfhoteb | ⲛⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nshoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntenhoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntetenhoteb | ⲛⲥⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nsehoteb | ⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nte- hoteb |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ talihoteb, ntalihoteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ talekhoteb, ntalekhoteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ talehoteb, ntalehoteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ talefhoteb, ntalefhoteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ taleshoteb, ntaleshoteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ talenhoteb, ntalenhoteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ taletenhoteb, ntaletenhoteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ talouhoteb, ntalouhoteb | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ tale- hoteb, ntale- hoteb |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntelihoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntelekhoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntelehoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntelefhoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nteleshoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntelenhoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ nteletenhoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntelouhoteb | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ntele- hoteb |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šantihoteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šantekhoteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šantehoteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šantefhoteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šanteshoteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šantenhoteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šantetenhoteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šantouhoteb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ šante- hoteb |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eišanhoteb | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ekšanhoteb | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ elešanhoteb | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ efšanhoteb | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ esšanhoteb | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ enšanhoteb | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eletenšanhoteb | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ eušanhoteb | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ elešan- hoteb, elšan- hoteb |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aihoteb | ⲁⲕϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ akhoteb | ⲁⲗⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ alehoteb | ⲁϥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ afhoteb | ⲁⲥϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ashoteb | ⲁⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ anhoteb | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ aletenhoteb | ⲁⲩϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ auhoteb | ⲁⲗⲉ- ϩⲟⲧⲉⲃ ale- hoteb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |