# ⲱⲡ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲱⲡⲉ (ōpe) — Sahidic

### Verb

ⲱⲡ • (ōp) (nominal state (B, S, F) ⲉⲡ-, (A) ⲱⲡ-, pronominal state (B, S) ⲟⲡ⸗, (F, A, S) ⲁⲡ⸗, stative ⲏⲡ)
* (Bohairic, Sahidic, Fayyumic, Lycopolitan, Akhmimic):
** (intransitive) to count, esteem
** (transitive) to ascribe to, to reckon as

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp | imperative | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tm̄ōp, tm̄n̄ōp | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄n̄ōp |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲱⲡ tiōp | ⲕⲱⲡ kōp | ⲧⲉⲱⲡ teōp | ϥⲱⲡ fōp | ⲥⲱⲡ sōp | ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tn̄ōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tetn̄ōp | ⲥⲉⲱⲡ seōp | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ eïōp | ⲉⲕⲱⲡ ekōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ ereōp | ⲉϥⲱⲡ efōp | ⲉⲥⲱⲡ esōp | ⲉⲛⲱⲡ enōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etetn̄ōp | ⲉⲩⲱⲡ euōp | ⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ e- ōp, ere- ōp |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲱⲡ etiōp | ⲉⲧⲕⲱⲡ etkōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ eteōp, etereōp | ⲉⲧϥⲱⲡ etfōp | ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲡ etsōp | ⲉⲧⲛⲱⲡ etnōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etouōp | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ete- ōp, etere- ōp |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ naïōp | ⲛⲁⲕⲱⲡ nakōp | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ nareōp | ⲛⲁϥⲱⲡ nafōp | ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲡ nasōp | ⲛⲁⲛⲱⲡ nanōp | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ natetn̄ōp | ⲛⲁⲩⲱⲡ nauōp | ⲛⲁ- ⲱⲡ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ na- ōp, nare- ōp |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲱⲡ aiōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ areōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ aretenōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁ- ⲱⲡ, ⲁⲣ- ⲱⲡ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ a- ōp, ar- ōp, are- ōp |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲱⲡ tinaōp | ⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ knaōp | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ tenaōp | ϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ fnaōp | ⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ snaōp | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ tn̄naōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ tetnaōp | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ senaōp | ⲛⲁⲱⲡ naōp |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲱⲡ eïnaōp | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ eknaōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ erenaōp | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ efnaōp | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ esnaōp | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ ennaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ etetnaōp | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ eunaōp | ⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ e- naōp |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲱⲡ etinaōp | ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ etknaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ etenaōp, eterenaōp | ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ etfnaōp | ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ etsnaōp | ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ etnnaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ etetnaōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ etounaōp | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ ete- naōp |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲱⲡ naïnaōp | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ naknaōp | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ narenaōp | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ nafnaōp | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ nasnaōp | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ nannaōp | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ netetnaōp | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ naunaōp | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ na- naōp |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲱⲡ ainaōp | ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ aknaōp, eknaōp | ⲁⲣⲁⲱⲡ araōp | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ afnaōp | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ asnaōp | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ annaōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ aretennaōp | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ aunaōp | ⲁ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ a- naōp, are- naōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ aïōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲣⲱⲡ arōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ atetn̄ōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁ- ⲱⲡ a- ōp |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲡ m̄piōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pk̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ m̄peōp, m̄pr̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pf̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄ps̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄petn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ m̄pouōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̄pe- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ eaïōp | ⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ eakōp | ⲉⲁⲣⲱⲡ earōp | ⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ eafōp | ⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ easōp | ⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ eanōp | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ eatetn̄ōp | ⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ eauōp | ⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ ea- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲡ em̄piōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ em̄pk̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ em̄peōp, em̄pr̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄pf̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄ps̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄pn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄petn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ em̄pouōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ em̄pe- ōp |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ etaïōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ etakōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲱⲡ etarōp | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ etafōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ etasōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ etanōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etatetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ etauōp | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ eta- ōp |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲡ etem̄piōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄pk̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄peōp, etem̄pr̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄pf̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄ps̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄pn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄petn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ etem̄pouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ etem̄pe- ōp |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ neaïōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ neakōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲱⲡ nearōp | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ neafōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ neasōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ neanōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ neatetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ neauōp | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ nea- ōp |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲡ nem̄piōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄pk̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄peōp, nem̄pr̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄pf̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄ps̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄pn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄petn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ nem̄pouōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ nem̄pe- ōp |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ naïōp | ⲛⲁⲕⲱⲡ nakōp | ⲛⲁⲣⲱⲡ narōp | ⲛⲁϥⲱⲡ nafōp | ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲡ nasōp | ⲛⲁⲛⲱⲡ nanōp | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ natetn̄ōp | ⲛⲁⲩⲱⲡ nauōp | ⲛⲁ- ⲱⲡ na- ōp |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ m̄patiōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patk̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ m̄pateōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patf̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pats̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patetn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ m̄patouōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̄pate- ōp |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ em̄patiōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patk̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ em̄pateōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patf̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄pats̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patetn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ em̄patouōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ em̄pate- ōp |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ etem̄patiōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patk̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ etem̄pateōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patf̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄pats̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etem̄patouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ etem̄pate- ōp |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ nem̄patiōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patk̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ nem̄pateōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patf̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄pats̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ nem̄patouōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ nem̄pate- ōp |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ xareïōp | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ xarekōp | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ xareōp | ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ xarefōp | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ xaresōp | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ xarenōp | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ xaretetn̄ōp | ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ xarouōp | ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ xare- ōp |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ maïōp | ⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ makōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ mareōp | ⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ mafōp | ⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ masōp | ⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ manōp | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ matetn̄ōp | ⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ mauōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲙⲁ- ⲱⲡ mare- ōp, ma- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ exareïōp | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ exarekōp | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ exareōp | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ exarefōp | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ exaresōp | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ exarenōp | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ exaretetn̄ōp | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ exarouōp | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ exare- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ emaïōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ emakōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ emareōp | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ emafōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ emasōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ emanōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ ematetn̄ōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ emauōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ⲱⲡ emare- ōp, ema- ōp |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ etexareïōp, etxareïōp | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ etexarekōp, etxarekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ etexareōp, etxareōp | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ etexarefōp, etxarefōp | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ etexaresōp, etxaresōp | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ etexarenōp, etxarenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etexaretetn̄ōp, etxaretetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ etexarouōp, etxarouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ etexare- ōp, etxare- ōp |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ etemaïōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ etemakōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ etemareōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ etemafōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ etemasōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ etemanōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etematetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ etemauōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ⲱⲡ etemare- ōp, etema- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ nexareïōp | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ nexarekōp | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ nexareōp | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ nexarefōp | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ nexaresōp | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ nexarenōp | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nexaretetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ nexarouōp | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ nexare- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ nemaïōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ nemakōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ nemareōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ nemafōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ nemasōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ nemanōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nematetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ nemauōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ⲱⲡ nemare- ōp, nema- ōp |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ amaïōp | ⲁⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ amakōp | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ amareōp | ⲁⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ amafōp | ⲁⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ amasōp | ⲁⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ amanōp | ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ amatetn̄ōp | ⲁⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ amauōp | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲙⲁ- ⲱⲡ amare- ōp, ma- ōp |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲁⲱⲡ aïaōp | ⲁⲕⲁⲱⲡ akaōp | ⲁⲣⲁⲱⲡ araōp | ⲁϥⲁⲱⲡ afaōp | ⲁⲥⲁⲱⲡ asaōp | ⲁⲛⲁⲱⲡ anaōp | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ atetnaōp | ⲁⲩⲁⲱⲡ auaōp | ⲁ- ⲱⲡ a- ōp |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ naōp, enaōp | ⲛⲉⲕⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲱⲡ nekōp, enekōp | ⲛⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ neōp, eneōp | ⲛⲉϥⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉϥⲱⲡ nefōp, enefōp | ⲛⲉⲥⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱⲡ nesōp, enesōp | ⲛⲉⲛⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲱⲡ nenōp, enenōp | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ netn̄ōp, enetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲩⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲱⲡ neuōp, eneuōp | ⲛⲉ- ⲱⲡ ne- ōp |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ mariōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ marefōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ maresōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ marn̄ōp | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ marouōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ mare- ōp |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲱⲡ mn̄taōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ mn̄tf̄ōp | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ mn̄ts̄ōp | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ mn̄tn̄ōp | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ mn̄touōp | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ mn̄te- ōp |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲱⲡ taōp | ⲕⲱⲡ kōp | ⲧⲉⲱⲡ teōp | ϥⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥⲱⲡ fōp, n̄tfōp | ⲥⲱⲡ sōp | ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tn̄ōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tetn̄ōp | ⲥⲉⲱⲡ, ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲡ seōp, souōp | ⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ te- ōp |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ tariōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ tarekōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ tareōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ tarefōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ taresōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tarn̄ōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ taretetn̄ōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ tarouōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ tare- ōp |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ n̄tariōp, tariōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ n̄tarekōp, tarekōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ n̄tareōp, tareōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ n̄tarefōp, tarefōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ n̄taresōp, taresōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄tarn̄ōp, tarn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄taretn̄ōp, taretn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ n̄tarouōp, tarouōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ n̄tare- ōp, tare- ōp |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲱⲡ šatiōp | ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ šatk̄ōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ šateōp | ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ šatf̄ōp | ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ šats̄ōp | ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ šatn̄ōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ šatetn̄ōp | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ šatouōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ šate- ōp |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲱⲡ aïšaōp, eïšaōp | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲕϣⲁⲱⲡ akšaōp, ekšaōp | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲱⲡ arešaōp, erešaōp | ⲁϥϣⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉϥϣⲁⲱⲡ afšaōp, efšaōp | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲥϣⲁⲱⲡ asšaōp, esšaōp | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛϣⲁⲱⲡ anšaōp, enšaōp | ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ ašatetn̄ōp, ešatetn̄ōp | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲩϣⲁⲱⲡ aušaōp, eušaōp | ⲁϣⲁ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁ- ⲱⲡ aša- ōp, eša- ōp |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ aïōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ areōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ atetn̄ōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ are- ōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp | imperative | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲱⲡ štemōp | imperative | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲱⲡ m̀perōp |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲱⲡ tiōp | ⲕⲱⲡ kōp | ⲧⲉⲱⲡ teōp | ϥⲱⲡ fōp | ⲥⲱⲡ sōp | ⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ tenōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ tetenōp | ⲥⲉⲱⲡ seōp | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲱⲡ eiōp | ⲉⲕⲱⲡ ekōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ ereōp | ⲉϥⲱⲡ efōp | ⲉⲥⲱⲡ esōp | ⲉⲛⲱⲡ enōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ eretenōp | ⲉⲩⲱⲡ euōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ere- ōp |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲱⲡ etiōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ etekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲱⲡ eteōp | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ etefōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ etesōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etetenōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etouōp | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ ete- ōp |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲱⲡ naiōp | ⲛⲁⲕⲱⲡ nakōp | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ nareōp | ⲛⲁϥⲱⲡ nafōp | ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲡ nasōp | ⲛⲁⲛⲱⲡ nanōp | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ naretenōp | ⲛⲁⲩⲱⲡ nauōp | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ nare- ōp |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲱⲡ aiōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ areōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ aretenōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ are- ōp |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲱⲡ tinaōp | ⲭⲛⲁⲱⲡ khnaōp | ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲱⲡ teraōp | ϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ fnaōp | ⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ snaōp | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ tennaōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ tetennaōp | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ senaōp | ⲛⲁⲱⲡ naōp |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲱⲡ einaōp | ⲉⲭⲛⲁⲱⲡ ekhnaōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ erenaōp | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ efnaōp | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ esnaōp | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ ennaōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ eretennaōp | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ eunaōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ ere- naōp |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲱⲡ etinaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁⲱⲡ etekhnaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ etenaōp | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ etefnaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ etesnaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ etennaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ etetennaōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ etounaōp | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ ete- naōp |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁⲱⲡ nainaōp | ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁⲱⲡ nakhnaōp | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ narenaōp | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ nafnaōp | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ nasnaōp | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ nannaōp | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ naretennaōp | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ naunaōp | ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ nare- naōp |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲱⲡ ainaōp | ⲁⲭⲛⲁⲱⲡ akhnaōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ arenaōp | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ afnaōp | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ asnaōp | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ annaōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ aretennaōp | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ aunaōp | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ are- naōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an | (ⲛ̀-) … ⲁⲛ (ǹ-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲱⲡ aiōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ areōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ atetenōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁ- ⲱⲡ a- ōp |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲱⲡ m̀piōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ m̀pekōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲱⲡ m̀peōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲱⲡ m̀pefōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ m̀pesōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ m̀penōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ m̀petenōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ m̀pouōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̀pe- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲱⲡ eaiōp | ⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ eakōp | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ eareōp | ⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ eafōp | ⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ easōp | ⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ eanōp | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ eatetenōp | ⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ eauōp | ⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ ea- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲱⲡ em̀piōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ em̀pekōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲱⲡ em̀peōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲱⲡ em̀pefōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ em̀pesōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ em̀penōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ em̀petenōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ em̀pouōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ em̀pe- ōp |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲱⲡ etaiōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ etakōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ etareōp | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ etafōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ etasōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ etanōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etaretenōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ etauōp | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ eta- ōp |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲱⲡ etm̀piōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ etm̀pekōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲱⲡ etm̀peōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲱⲡ etm̀pefōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ etm̀pesōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ etm̀penōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etm̀petenōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ etm̀pouōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ etm̀pe- ōp |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓⲱⲡ neaiōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ neakōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ neareōp | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ neafōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ neasōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ neanōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ neatetenōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ neauōp | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ nea- ōp |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲱⲡ nem̀piōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ nem̀pekōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲱⲡ nem̀peōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲱⲡ nem̀pefōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ nem̀pesōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ nem̀penōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nem̀petenōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ nem̀pouōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ nem̀pe- ōp |
| past | focalising, precursive | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲱⲡ etaiōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ etakōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ etareōp | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ etafōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ etasōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ etanōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etaretenōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ etauōp | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ eta- ōp |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ m̀patiōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ m̀patekōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ m̀pateōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ m̀patefōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ m̀patesōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ m̀patenōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ m̀patetenōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ m̀patouōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̀pate- ōp |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ em̀patiōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ em̀patekōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ em̀pateōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ em̀patefōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ em̀patesōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ em̀patenōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ em̀patetenōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ em̀patouōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ em̀pate- ōp |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ etm̀patiōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ etm̀patekōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ etm̀pateōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ etm̀patefōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ etm̀patesōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etm̀patenōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etm̀patetenōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etm̀patouōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ etm̀pate- ōp |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ nam̀patiōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ nam̀patekōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ nam̀pateōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ nam̀patefōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ nam̀patesōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nam̀patenōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nam̀patetenōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ nam̀patouōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ nam̀pate- ōp |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲱⲡ šaiōp | ϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ šakōp | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ šareōp | ϣⲁϥⲱⲡ šafōp | ϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ šasōp | ϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ šanōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ šatetenōp | ϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ šauōp | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ šare- ōp |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲡ m̀paiōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲱⲡ m̀pakōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ m̀pareōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲱⲡ m̀pafōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲱⲡ m̀pasōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲱⲡ m̀panōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ m̀paretenōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲱⲡ m̀pauōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̀pare- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲱⲡ ešaiōp | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ ešakōp | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ ešareōp | ⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ ešafōp | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ ešasōp | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ ešanōp | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ ešatetenōp | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ ešauōp | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ešare- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲡ em̀paiōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲱⲡ em̀pakōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ em̀pareōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲱⲡ em̀pafōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲱⲡ em̀pasōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲱⲡ em̀panōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ em̀paretenōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲱⲡ em̀pauōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ em̀pare- ōp |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲓⲱⲡ etšaiōp | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ etšakōp | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ etšareōp | ⲉⲧϣⲁϥⲱⲡ etšafōp | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ etšasōp | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ etšanōp | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etšatetenōp | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ etšauōp | ⲉⲧϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ etšare- ōp |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲡ etm̀paiōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲱⲡ etm̀pakōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ etm̀pareōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲱⲡ etm̀pafōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲱⲡ etm̀pasōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲱⲡ etm̀panōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etm̀paretenōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲱⲡ etm̀pauōp | ⲉⲧⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ etm̀pare- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓⲱⲡ našaiōp | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ našakōp | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ našareōp | ⲛⲁϣⲁϥⲱⲡ našafōp | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ našasōp | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ našanōp | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ našatetenōp | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ našauōp | ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ našare- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲡ nam̀paiōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲱⲡ nam̀pakōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ nam̀pareōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲱⲡ nam̀pafōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲱⲡ nam̀pasōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲱⲡ nam̀panōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nam̀paretenōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲱⲡ nam̀pauōp | ⲛⲁⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ nam̀pare- ōp |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲱⲡ em̀paiōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲕⲱⲡ em̀pakōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ em̀pareōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁϥⲱⲡ em̀pafōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲥⲱⲡ em̀pasōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲛⲱⲡ em̀panōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ em̀paretenōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲩⲱⲡ em̀pauōp | ⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ em̀pare- ōp |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲱⲡ eieōp | ⲉⲕⲉⲱⲡ ekeōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ ereōp | ⲉϥⲉⲱⲡ efeōp | ⲉⲥⲉⲱⲡ eseōp | ⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ eneōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ ereteneōp | ⲉⲩⲉⲱⲡ eueōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ere- ōp |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲱⲡ ǹnaōp | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕⲱⲡ ǹnekōp | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲱⲡ ǹneōp | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲱⲡ ǹnefōp | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲥⲱⲡ ǹnesōp | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛⲱⲡ ǹnenōp | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ ǹnetenōp | ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲡ ǹnouōp | ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ- ⲱⲡ ǹne- ōp |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ mariōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ marefōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ maresōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ marenōp | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ marouōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ mare- ōp |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓⲱⲡ m̀penthriōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ m̀penthrefōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ m̀penthresōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ m̀penthrenōp | (use imperative) | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲩⲱⲡ m̀penthreuōp | ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̀penthre- ōp |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲱⲡ ǹtaōp | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ ǹtekōp | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲱⲡ ǹteōp | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ ǹtefōp | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ ǹtesōp | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ ǹtenōp | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ ǹtetenōp | ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲱⲡ, ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ ǹseōp, ǹtouōp | ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ ǹte- ōp |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ tariōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ tarekōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ tareōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ tarefōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ taresōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ tarenōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ taretenōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ tarouōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ tare- ōp |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲱⲡ šatiōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ šatekōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ šateōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ šatefōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ šatesōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ šatenōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ šatetenōp | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ šatouōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ šate- ōp |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ aišanōp | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ akšanōp | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ arešanōp | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ afšanōp | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ asšanōp | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ anšanōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ aretenšanōp | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ aušanōp | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲱⲡ arešan- ōp |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲱⲡ aiōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ areōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ aretenōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ are- ōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp | imperative | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| infinitive | negative | ϣⲧⲉⲙⲱⲡ štemōp | imperative | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲱⲡ, ⲡⲉⲗⲱⲡ mpelōp, pelōp |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲱⲡ tiōp | ⲕⲱⲡ kōp | ⲧⲉⲱⲡ teōp | ϥⲱⲡ fōp | ⲥⲱⲡ sōp | ⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ tenōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ tetenōp | ⲥⲉⲱⲡ seōp | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲱⲡ eiōp | ⲉⲕⲱⲡ ekōp | ⲉⲗⲉⲱⲡ eleōp | ⲉϥⲱⲡ efōp | ⲉⲥⲱⲡ esōp | ⲉⲛⲱⲡ enōp | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ eletenōp | ⲉⲩⲱⲡ euōp | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ ele- ōp |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲱⲡ etiōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ etekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲱⲡ eteōp | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ etefōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ etesōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etetenōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etouōp | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ ete- ōp, etele- ōp |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲱⲡ naiōp | ⲛⲁⲕⲱⲡ nakōp | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ naleōp | ⲛⲁϥⲱⲡ nafōp | ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲡ nasōp | ⲛⲁⲛⲱⲡ nanōp | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ naletenōp | ⲛⲁⲩⲱⲡ nauōp | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ nale- ōp |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲱⲡ aiōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ aleōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ aletenōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ ale- ōp |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲉⲱⲡ tineōp | ⲕⲛⲉⲱⲡ kneōp | ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ teneōp | ϥⲛⲉⲱⲡ fneōp | ⲥⲛⲉⲱⲡ sneōp | ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ tenneōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ tetenneōp | ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ seneōp | ⲛⲉⲱⲡ neōp |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲱⲡ eineōp | ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲱⲡ ekneōp | ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ eleneōp | ⲉϥⲛⲉⲱⲡ efneōp | ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲱⲡ esneōp | ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ enneōp | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ eletenneōp | ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲱⲡ euneōp | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲱⲡ ele- neōp |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲉⲱⲡ etineōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲱⲡ etekneōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ eteneōp | ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲱⲡ etefneōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲱⲡ etesneōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ etenneōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ etetenneōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲱⲡ etouneōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲱⲡ etele- neōp |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲱⲡ naineōp | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲱⲡ nakneōp | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ naleneōp | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲱⲡ nafneōp | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲱⲡ nasneōp | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ nanneōp | ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ naletenneōp | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲱⲡ nauneōp | ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲱⲡ nale- neōp |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲱⲡ aineōp | ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲱⲡ akneōp | ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ aleneōp | ⲁϥⲛⲉⲱⲡ afneōp | ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲱⲡ asneōp | ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ anneōp | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ aletenneōp | ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲱⲡ auneōp | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲱⲡ ale- neōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en | ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓⲱⲡ aiōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ aleōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ atetenōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁ- ⲱⲡ a- ōp |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲓⲱⲡ mpiōp | ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ mpekōp | ⲙⲡⲉⲱⲡ mpeōp | ⲙⲡⲉϥⲱⲡ mpefōp | ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ mpesōp | ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ mpenōp | ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ mpetenōp | ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ mpouōp | ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ mpe- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓⲱⲡ eaiōp | ⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ eakōp | ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ ealeōp | ⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ eafōp | ⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ easōp | ⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ eanōp | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ eatetenōp | ⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ eauōp | ⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ ea- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲱⲡ empiōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ empekōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲱⲡ empeōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲱⲡ empefōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ empesōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ empenōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ empetenōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ empouōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ empe- ōp |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲱⲡ ntaiōp | ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ ntakōp | ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ ntaleōp | ⲛⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ ntafōp | ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ ntasōp | ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ ntanōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etaletenōp | ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ ntauōp | ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ nta- ōp |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲱⲡ etempiōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ etempekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲱⲡ etempeōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲱⲡ etempefōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ etempesōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ etempenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etempetenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ etempouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ etempe- ōp |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲱⲡ nneaiōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ nneakōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ nnealeōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ nneafōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ nneasōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ nneanōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nneatetenōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ nneauōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ nnea- ōp |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲱⲡ nnempiōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ nnempekōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲱⲡ nnempeōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲱⲡ nnempefōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ nnempesōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ nnempenōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nnempetenōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ nnempouōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ nnempe- ōp |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲁⲓⲱⲡ aaiōp | ⲁⲁⲕⲱⲡ aakōp | ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ aaleōp | ⲁⲁϥⲱⲡ aafōp | ⲁⲁⲥⲱⲡ aasōp | ⲁⲁⲛⲱⲡ aanōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etaletenōp | ⲁⲁⲩⲱⲡ aauōp | ⲁⲁ- ⲱⲡ aa- ōp |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ mpatiōp | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ mpatekōp | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ mpateōp | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ mpatefōp | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ mpatesōp | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ mpatenōp | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ mpatetenōp | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ mpatouōp | ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ mpate- ōp |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ empatiōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ empatekōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ empateōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ empatefōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ empatesōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ empatenōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ empatetenōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ empatouōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ empate- ōp |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ etempatiōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ etempatekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ etempateōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ etempatefōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ etempatesōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etempatenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etempatetenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etempatouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ etempate- ōp |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ nnempatiōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ nnempatekōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ nnempateōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ nnempatefōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ nnempatesōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nnempatenōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nnempatetenōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ nnempatouōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ nnempate- ōp |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓⲱⲡ šaiōp | ϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ šakōp | ϣⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ šaleōp | ϣⲁϥⲱⲡ šafōp | ϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ šasōp | ϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ šanōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ šatetenōp | ϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ šauōp | ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ šale- ōp |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓⲱⲡ meiōp | ⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ mekōp | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲱⲡ meleōp | ⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ mefōp | ⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ mesōp | ⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ menōp | ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ meletenōp | ⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ meuōp | ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ mele- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓⲱⲡ ešaiōp | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ ešakōp | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ ešaleōp | ⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ ešafōp | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ ešasōp | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ ešanōp | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ ešatetenōp | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ ešauōp | ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ ešale- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲱⲡ emeiōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ emekōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲱⲡ emeleōp | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ emefōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ emesōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ emenōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ emeletenōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ emeuōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ emele- ōp |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲱⲡ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲱⲡ etešaiōp, nšaiōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ etešakōp, nšakōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ etešaleōp, nšaleōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲱⲡ etešafōp, nšafōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ etešasōp, nšasōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ etešanōp, nšanōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etešatetenōp, nšatetenōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ etešauōp, nšauōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ etešale- ōp, nšale- ōp |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲱⲡ etemeiōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ etemekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲱⲡ etemeleōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ etemefōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ etemesōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ etemenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etemeletenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ etemeuōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ etemele- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲱⲡ nnešaiōp | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ nnešakōp | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ nnešaleōp | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ nnešafōp | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ nnešasōp | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ nnešanōp | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nnešatetenōp | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ nnešauōp | ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ nnešale- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲱⲡ nnemeiōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ nnemekōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲱⲡ nnemeleōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ nnemefōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ nnemesōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ nnemenōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nnemeletenōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ nnemeuōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ nnemele- ōp |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲱⲡ nmeiōp | ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ nmekōp | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲱⲡ nmeleōp | ⲛⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ nmefōp | ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ nmesōp | ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ nmenōp | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nmeletenōp | ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ nmeuōp | ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ nmele- ōp |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉⲱⲡ eieōp | ⲉⲕⲉⲱⲡ ekeōp | ⲉⲗⲉⲱⲡ eleōp | ⲉϥⲉⲱⲡ efeōp | ⲉⲥⲉⲱⲡ eseōp | ⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ eneōp | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ eleteneōp | ⲉⲩⲉⲱⲡ eueōp | ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ ele- ōp |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ nnaōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲱⲡ nnekōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲱⲡ nneōp | ⲛⲛⲉϥⲱⲡ nnefōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲱⲡ nnesōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲱⲡ nnenōp | ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nnetenōp | ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲱⲡ nnouōp | ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲱⲡ nne- ōp |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲱⲡ maliōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲱⲡ malefōp | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲱⲡ malesōp | ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲱⲡ malenōp | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲱⲡ malouōp | ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ male- ōp |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲱⲡ mpeltriōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ mpeltrefōp | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ mpeltresōp | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ mpeltrenōp | (use imperative) | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲱⲡ mpeltreuōp | ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ mpeltre- ōp |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛⲧⲁ | ⲛⲧⲁϥ | ⲛⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲱⲡ taōp, ntaōp | ⲛⲕⲱⲡ nkōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲱⲡ nteōp | ⲛϥⲱⲡ nfōp | ⲛⲥⲱⲡ nsōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ ntenōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ ntetenōp | ⲛⲥⲉⲱⲡ nseōp | ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ nte- ōp |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲱⲡ taliōp, ntaliōp | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲱⲡ talekōp, ntalekōp | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ taleōp, ntaleōp | ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲱⲡ talefōp, ntalefōp | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲱⲡ talesōp, ntalesōp | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲱⲡ talenōp, ntalenōp | ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ taletenōp, ntaletenōp | ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲱⲡ talouōp, ntalouōp | ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ tale- ōp, ntale- ōp |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲱⲡ nteliōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲱⲡ ntelekōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲱⲡ nteleōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲱⲡ ntelefōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲱⲡ ntelesōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲱⲡ ntelenōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ nteletenōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲱⲡ ntelouōp | ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ ntele- ōp |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲱⲡ šantiōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ šantekōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲱⲡ šanteōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ šantefōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ šantesōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ šantenōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ šantetenōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ šantouōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ šante- ōp |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ eišanōp | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ ekšanōp | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ elešanōp | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ efšanōp | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ esšanōp | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ enšanōp | ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ eletenšanōp | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ eušanōp | ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲱⲡ elešan- ōp, elšan- ōp |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓⲱⲡ aiōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲗⲉⲱⲡ aleōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ aletenōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲱⲡ ale- ōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- | ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp | imperative | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲱⲡ tm̄ōp | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛⲱⲡ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ m̄nōp, m̄pr̄ōp |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲱⲡ tiōp | ⲕⲱⲡ kōp | ⲧⲉⲱⲡ teōp | ϥⲱⲡ fōp | ⲥⲱⲡ sōp | ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tn̄ōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tetn̄ōp | ⲥⲉⲱⲡ seōp | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ eïōp | ⲉⲕⲱⲡ ekōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ ereōp | ⲉϥⲱⲡ efōp | ⲉⲥⲱⲡ esōp | ⲉⲛⲱⲡ enōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etetn̄ōp | ⲉⲩⲱⲡ euōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ere- ōp |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲱⲡ etiōp | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ etk̄ōp, etekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ eteōp, etereōp | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ etf̄ōp, etefōp | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ ets̄ōp, etesōp | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ etn̄ōp, etenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ etere- ōp, ete- ōp |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ neïōp | ⲛⲉⲕⲱⲡ nekōp | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ nereōp | ⲛⲉϥⲱⲡ nefōp | ⲛⲉⲥⲱⲡ nesōp | ⲛⲉⲛⲱⲡ nenōp | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ netetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲩⲱⲡ neuōp | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ nere- ōp |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲱⲡ tinaōp | ⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ knaōp | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ tenaōp | ϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ fnaōp | ⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ snaōp | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ tn̄naōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ tetnaōp | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ senaōp | ⲛⲁⲱⲡ naōp |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲱⲡ eïnaōp | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ eknaōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ erenaōp | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ efnaōp | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ esnaōp | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ ennaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ etetnaōp | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ eunaōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ ere- naōp |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲱⲡ etinaōp | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ etk̄naōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ etenaōp, eterenaōp | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ etf̄naōp | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ ets̄naōp | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ etn̄naōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ etetnaōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ etounaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ etere- naōp |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲱⲡ neïnaōp | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ neknaōp | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ nerenaōp | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ nefnaōp | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ nesnaōp | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ nennaōp | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ netetnaōp | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ neunaōp | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ nere- naōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en | ⲛ̄- … ⲉⲛ n̄- … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ aïōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ areōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ atetn̄ōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁ- ⲱⲡ a- ōp |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲡ m̄piōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ m̄pk̄ōp, m̄pekōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ m̄peōp, m̄pr̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥⲱⲡ m̄pf̄ōp, m̄pefōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ m̄ps̄ōp, m̄pesōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ m̄pn̄ōp, m̄penōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄petn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ m̄pouōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̄pe- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ eaïōp | ⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ eakōp | ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ eareōp | ⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ eafōp | ⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ easōp | ⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ eanōp | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ eatetn̄ōp | ⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ eauōp | ⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ ea- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲱⲡ empiōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ empk̄ōp, empekōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ empeōp, empr̄ōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ empk̄ōp, empekōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ emps̄ōp, empesōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ empn̄ōp, empenōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ empetn̄ōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ empouōp | ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ empe- ōp |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ etaïōp, n̄taïōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ etakōp, n̄takōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲱⲡⲱⲡ etareōp, n̄taōpōp | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ etafōp, n̄tafōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ etasōp, n̄tasōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ etanōp, n̄tanōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etatetn̄ōp, n̄tatetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ etauōp, n̄tauōp | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ eta- ōp, n̄ta- ōp |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲱⲡ etempiōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ etempk̄ōp, etempekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ etempeōp, etempr̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ etempk̄ōp, etempekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ etemps̄ōp, etempesōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ etempn̄ōp, etempenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etempetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ etempouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ etempe- ōp |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ neaïōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ neakōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ neareōp | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ neafōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ neasōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ neanōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ neatetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ neauōp | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ nea- ōp |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲱⲡ nempiōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ nempk̄ōp, nempekōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ nempeōp, nempr̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲱⲡ nempk̄ōp, nempekōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲱⲡ nemps̄ōp, nempesōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲱⲡ nempn̄ōp, nempenōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nempetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ nempouōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ nempe- ōp |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ n̄taïōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ n̄takōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ n̄tareōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ n̄tafōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ n̄tasōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ n̄tanōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄tatetn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ n̄tauōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ n̄ta- ōp |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ m̄patiōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patk̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ m̄pateōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patf̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pats̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patetn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ m̄patouōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̄pate- ōp |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ em̄patiōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patk̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ em̄pateōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patf̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄pats̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patetn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ em̄patouōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ em̄pate- ōp |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ etem̄patiōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patk̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ etem̄pateōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patf̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄pats̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etem̄patouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ etem̄pate- ōp |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ nem̄patiōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patk̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ nem̄pateōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patf̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄pats̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ nem̄patouōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ nem̄pate- ōp |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ šaïōp | ϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ šakōp | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ šareōp | ϣⲁϥⲱⲡ šafōp | ϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ šasōp | ϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ šanōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ šatetn̄ōp | ϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ šauōp | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ šare- ōp |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ maïōp | ⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ makōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ mareōp | ⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ mafōp | ⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ masōp | ⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ manōp | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ matetn̄ōp | ⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ mauōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ mare- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ ešaïōp | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ ešakōp | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ ešareōp | ⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ ešafōp | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ ešasōp | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ ešanōp | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ ešatetn̄ōp | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ ešauōp | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ešare- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ emaïōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ emakōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ emareōp | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ emafōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ emasōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ emanōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ ematetn̄ōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ emauōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ emare- ōp |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ etešaïōp, ešaïōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ etešakōp, ešakōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ etešareōp, ešareōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ etešafōp, ešafōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ etešasōp, ešasōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ etešanōp, ešanōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etešatetn̄ōp, ešatetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ etešauōp, ešauōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ etešare- ōp, ešare- ōp |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ etemaïōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ etemakōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ etemareōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ etemafōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ etemasōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ etemanōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etematetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ etemauōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ etemare- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ nešaïōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ nešakōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ nešareōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ nešafōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ nešasōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ nešanōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nešatetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ nešauōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ nešare- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ nemaïōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ nemakōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ nemareōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ nemafōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ nemasōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ nemanōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nematetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ nemauōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ nemare- ōp |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ emaïōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲡ emakōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ emareōp | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲡ emafōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲡ emasōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲡ emanōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ ematetn̄ōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲡ emauōp | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ emare- ōp |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲁⲱⲡ eïaōp | ⲉⲕⲁⲱⲡ ekaōp | ⲉⲣⲁⲱⲡ eraōp | ⲉϥⲁⲱⲡ efaōp | ⲉⲥⲁⲱⲡ esaōp | ⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ enaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ etetnaōp | ⲉⲩⲁⲱⲡ euaōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ere- ōp |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⲱⲡ naōp | ⲛⲉⲕⲱⲡ nekōp | ⲛⲉⲱⲡ neōp | ⲛⲉϥⲱⲡ nefōp | ⲛⲉⲥⲱⲡ nesōp | ⲛⲉⲛⲱⲡ nenōp | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ netn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲩⲱⲡ neuōp | ⲛⲉ- ⲱⲡ ne- ōp |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ mariōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ marefōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ maresōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ marn̄ōp | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ marouōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ mare- ōp |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁⲱⲡ m̄prtraōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ m̄prtrefōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ m̄prtresōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ m̄prtrenōp | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩⲱⲡ m̄prtreuōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲱⲣⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̄pōrte- ōp |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲱⲡ n̄taōp, taōp | ⲛ̄ⲅⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲱⲡ, ⲕⲱⲡ n̄gōp, n̄kōp, kōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲱⲡ, ⲧⲉⲱⲡ n̄teōp, teōp | ⲛ̄ϥⲱⲡ, ϥⲱⲡ n̄fōp, fōp | ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲡ, ⲥⲱⲡ n̄sōp, sōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄tn̄ōp, tn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄tetn̄ōp, tetn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲱⲡ, ⲥⲉⲱⲡ n̄seōp, seōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ n̄te- ōp |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ tariōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ tarekōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ tareōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ tarefōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ taresōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tarn̄ōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ taretn̄ōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ tarouōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ tare- ōp |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ n̄tariōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ n̄tarekōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ n̄tareōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ n̄tarefōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ n̄taresōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄tarn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄taretn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ n̄tarouōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ n̄tare- ōp |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲱⲡ šantiōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲱⲡ šantk̄ōp, šantekōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲱⲡ šanteōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲱⲡ šantf̄ōp, šantefōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲱⲡ šants̄ōp, šantesōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲱⲡ šantn̄ōp, šantenōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ šantetn̄ōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ šantouōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ šante- ōp |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ eïšanōp | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ ekšanōp | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ eršanōp, erešanōp | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ efšanōp | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ esšanōp | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ enšanōp | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ ešantetn̄ōp | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ eušanōp | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉⲣϣⲁ- ⲱⲡ ešante- ōp, erša- ōp |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ eïōp | ⲉⲕⲱⲡ ekōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ ereōp | ⲉϥⲱⲡ efōp | ⲉⲥⲱⲡ esōp | ⲉⲛⲱⲡ enōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etetn̄ōp | ⲉⲩⲱⲡ euōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ere- ōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp | imperative | affirmative | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲱⲡ tm̄ōp | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pr̄ōp |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲱⲡ tiōp | ⲕⲱⲡ kōp | ⲧⲉⲱⲡ teōp | ϥⲱⲡ fōp | ⲥⲱⲡ sōp | ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tn̄ōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tetn̄ōp | ⲥⲉⲱⲡ seōp | ⲱⲡ ōp |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ eïōp | ⲉⲕⲱⲡ ekōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ ereōp | ⲉϥⲱⲡ efōp | ⲉⲥⲱⲡ esōp | ⲉⲛⲱⲡ enōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etetn̄ōp | ⲉⲩⲱⲡ euōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ere- ōp |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲱⲡ etiōp | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ etk̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ eteōp, etereōp | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ etf̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ ets̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ etere- ōp |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ neïōp | ⲛⲉⲕⲱⲡ nekōp | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ nereōp | ⲛⲉϥⲱⲡ nefōp | ⲛⲉⲥⲱⲡ nesōp | ⲛⲉⲛⲱⲡ nenōp | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ netetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲩⲱⲡ neuōp | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ nere- ōp |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲱⲡ tinaōp | ⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ knaōp | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ tenaōp | ϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ fnaōp | ⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ snaōp | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ tn̄naōp | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ tetnaōp | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ senaōp | ⲛⲁⲱⲡ naōp |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲱⲡ eïnaōp | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ eknaōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ erenaōp | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ efnaōp | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ esnaōp | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ ennaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ etetnaōp | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ eunaōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ ere- naōp |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲱⲡ etinaōp | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ etk̄naōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ etenaōp, eterenaōp | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ etf̄naōp | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ ets̄naōp | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ etn̄naōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ etetnaōp | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ etounaōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ etere- naōp |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲱⲡ neïnaōp | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲱⲡ neknaōp | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲡ nerenaōp | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲱⲡ nefnaōp | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲱⲡ nesnaōp | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲡ nennaōp | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲡ netetnaōp | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲱⲡ neunaōp | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲡ nere- naōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ aïōp | ⲁⲕⲱⲡ akōp | ⲁⲱⲡ, ⲁⲣⲱⲡ, ⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ aōp, arōp, areōp | ⲁϥⲱⲡ afōp | ⲁⲥⲱⲡ asōp | ⲁⲛⲱⲡ anōp | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ atetn̄ōp | ⲁⲩⲱⲡ auōp | ⲁ- ⲱⲡ a- ōp |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲡ m̄piōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pk̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ m̄peōp, m̄pr̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pf̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄ps̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄petn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ m̄pouōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̄pe- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ eaïōp | ⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ eakōp | ⲉⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲁⲣⲱⲡ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ eaōp, earōp, eareōp | ⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ eafōp | ⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ easōp | ⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ eanōp | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ eatetn̄ōp | ⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ eauōp | ⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ ea- ōp |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲡ em̄piōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ em̄pk̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ em̄peōp, em̄pr̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄pf̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄ps̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄pn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄petn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ em̄pouōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ em̄pe- ōp |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ entaïōp, n̄taïōp | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ entakōp, n̄takōp | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲱⲡ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ entaōp, n̄taōp, entarōp, n̄tarōp, entareōp, n̄tareōp | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ entafōp, n̄tafōp | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ entasōp, n̄tasōp | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ entanōp, n̄tanōp | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ entatetn̄ōp, n̄tatetn̄ōp | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ entauōp, n̄tauōp | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ enta- ōp, n̄ta- ōp |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲡ etem̄piōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄pk̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄peōp, etem̄pr̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄pf̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄ps̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄pn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄petn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ etem̄pouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ etem̄pe- ōp |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ neaïōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲱⲡ neakōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ neaōp, nearōp, neareōp | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲱⲡ neafōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲱⲡ neasōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲱⲡ neanōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ neatetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲱⲡ neauōp | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲱⲡ nea- ōp |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲡ nem̄piōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄pk̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲡ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄peōp, nem̄pr̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄pf̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄ps̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄pn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄petn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲡ nem̄pouōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲡ nem̄pe- ōp |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ n̄taïōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲱⲡ n̄takōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ n̄taōp, n̄tarōp, n̄tareōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲱⲡ n̄tafōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲱⲡ n̄tasōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲱⲡ n̄tanōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄tatetn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲱⲡ n̄tauōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲱⲡ n̄ta- ōp |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ m̄patiōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patk̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ m̄pateōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patf̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ m̄pats̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ m̄patetn̄ōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ m̄patouōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̄pate- ōp |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ em̄patiōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patk̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ em̄pateōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patf̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ em̄pats̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ em̄patetn̄ōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ em̄patouōp | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ em̄pate- ōp |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ etem̄patiōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patk̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ etem̄pateōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patf̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄pats̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etem̄patetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ etem̄patouōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ etem̄pate- ōp |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲡ nem̄patiōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patk̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲡ nem̄pateōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patf̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄pats̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nem̄patetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ nem̄patouōp | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ nem̄pate- ōp |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ šaïōp | ϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ šakōp | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ šareōp | ϣⲁϥⲱⲡ šafōp | ϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ šasōp | ϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ šanōp | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ šatetn̄ōp | ϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ šauōp | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ šare- ōp |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ meïōp | ⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ mekōp | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ mereōp | ⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ mefōp | ⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ mesōp | ⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ menōp | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ metetn̄ōp | ⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ meuōp | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ mere- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ ešaïōp | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ ešakōp | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ ešareōp | ⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ ešafōp | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ ešasōp | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ ešanōp | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ ešatetn̄ōp | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ ešauōp | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ešare- ōp |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ emeïōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ emekōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ emereōp | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ emefōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ emesōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ emenōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ emetetn̄ōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ emeuōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ emere- ōp |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ etešaïōp, ešaïōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ etešakōp, ešakōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ etešareōp, ešareōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ etešafōp, ešafōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ etešasōp, ešasōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ etešanōp, ešanōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etešatetn̄ōp, ešatetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ etešauōp, ešauōp | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ etešare- ōp, ešare- ōp |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ etemeïōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ etemekōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ etemereōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ etemefōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ etemesōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ etemenōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etemetetn̄ōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ etemeuōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ etemere- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲡ nešaïōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲱⲡ nešakōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ nešareōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲱⲡ nešafōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲱⲡ nešasōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ nešanōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nešatetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲱⲡ nešauōp | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ nešare- ōp |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ nemeïōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ nemekōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ nemereōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ nemefōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ nemesōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ nemenōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ nemetetn̄ōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ nemeuōp | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ nemere- ōp |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ emeïōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲱⲡ emekōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ emereōp | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲱⲡ emefōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲱⲡ emesōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲱⲡ emenōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ emetetn̄ōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲱⲡ emeuōp | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ emere- ōp |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲱⲡ eïeōp | ⲉⲕⲉⲱⲡ ekeōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ ereōp | ⲉϥⲉⲱⲡ efeōp | ⲉⲥⲉⲱⲡ eseōp | ⲉⲛⲉⲱⲡ eneōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲱⲡ etetneōp | ⲉⲩⲉⲱⲡ eueōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ere- ōp |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲡ n̄naōp | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲱⲡ n̄nekōp | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲱⲡ n̄neōp | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲱⲡ n̄nefōp | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲱⲡ n̄nesōp | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲱⲡ n̄nenōp | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄netn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲱⲡ n̄neuōp | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲱⲡ n̄ne- ōp |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ mariōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ marefōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ maresōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ marn̄ōp | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ marouōp | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ mare- ōp |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲱⲡ m̄pr̄traōp | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ m̄pr̄trefōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ m̄pr̄tresōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ m̄pr̄trenōp | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲱⲡ m̄pr̄treuōp | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ m̄pr̄tre- ōp |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲱⲡ, ⲧⲁⲱⲡ n̄taōp, taōp | ⲛ̄ⲅⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲱⲡ n̄gōp, n̄kōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲱⲡ n̄teōp | ⲛ̄ϥⲱⲡ n̄fōp | ⲛ̄ⲥⲱⲡ n̄sōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄tn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄tetn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲱⲡ n̄seōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ n̄te- ōp |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲡ tariōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ tarekōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲡ tareōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ tarefōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ taresōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ tarn̄ōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ taretn̄ōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ tarouōp | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ tare- ōp |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲱⲡ n̄teriōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲱⲡ n̄terekōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲱⲡ n̄tereōp, n̄tererōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲱⲡ n̄terefōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲱⲡ n̄teresōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲡ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲱⲡ n̄tern̄ōp, n̄terenōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ n̄teretn̄ōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲡ n̄terouōp | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ n̄tere- ōp |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲱⲡ šantiōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲡ šantk̄ōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲱⲡ šanteōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲱⲡ šantf̄ōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲡ šants̄ōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ šantn̄ōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ šantetn̄ōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲱⲡ šantouōp | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲱⲡ šante- ōp |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ eïšanōp | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ ekšanōp | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ eršanōp, erešanōp | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ efšanōp | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ esšanōp | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ enšanōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ etetn̄šanōp | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲱⲡ eušanōp | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲱⲡ eršan- ōp |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲡ eïōp | ⲉⲕⲱⲡ ekōp | ⲉⲣⲉⲱⲡ ereōp | ⲉϥⲱⲡ efōp | ⲉⲥⲱⲡ esōp | ⲉⲛⲱⲡ enōp | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲡ etetn̄ōp | ⲉⲩⲱⲡ euōp | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲡ ere- ōp |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

#### Related terms

* ⲏⲡⲉ (ēpe, “number”) — Sahidic, Akhmimic, Lycopolitan, Fayyumic
* ⲏⲏⲡⲉ (ēēpe, “number”) — Sahidic, Fayyumic
* ⲏⲡⲓ (ēpi, “number”) — Bohairic, Fayyumic

### Noun

ⲱⲡ • (ōp) m
* (Bohairic, Sahidic) reckoning, calculation

### References

* Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 526
* Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 229
* TLA lemma no. C5513 (ⲱⲡ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),
* TLA lemma no. C5514 (ⲱⲡ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),