# 證據
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhèngjù
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥˋ ㄐㄩˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zing$^3$ geoi$^3$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳn-kí
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chèng-kìr / chèng-kù / chèng-kì
    (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng$^3$ ge$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhèngjù
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ ㄐㄩˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhèngjyù
*** Wade–Giles: chêng$^4$-chü$^4$
*** Yale: jèng-jyù
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenqjiuh
*** Palladius: чжэнцзюй (čžɛnczjuj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕy⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zing$^3$ geoi$^3$
*** Yale: jing geui
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzing$^3$ goey$^3$
*** Guangdong Romanization: jing$^3$ gêu$^3$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sɪŋ³³ kɵy̯³³/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳn-kí
*** Hakka Romanization System: ziin gi$^ˋ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: zin$^4$ gi$^3$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn⁵⁵ ki³¹/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-kìr
*** Tâi-lô: tsìng-kìr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɯ⁴¹/
** (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-kù
*** Tâi-lô: tsìng-kù
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zeangkux
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ ku¹¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ku²¹/
** (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-kì
*** Tâi-lô: tsìng-kì
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zeangkix
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ ki²¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ ki²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: zêng$^3$ ge$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsèng kṳ̆
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kɯ³⁵/

### Noun

證據
* (countable, uncountable) evidence; proof (Classifier: 個／个 m; 條／条 m)
    充分的證據／充分的证据 ― chōngfèn de zhèngjù ― ample evidence
    經驗證據／经验证据 ― jīngyàn zhèngjù ― empirical evidence
       Rènhé shìqíng dōu yào jiǎngjiu zhèngjù. [Pinyin]
       In all matters one must pay attention to the evidence.
       Méiyǒu zhèngjù de shìqíng kě bùnéng xiāshuō a. [Pinyin]
       Do not talk nonsense about matters in which evidence is lacking.

#### Usage notes

Unlike the English nouns proof and evidence which are usually uncountable, the Chinese nouns 證據／证据 (zhèngjù) and 證明／证明 (zhèngmíng) can be counted.

#### Synonyms

* 佐證／佐证 (zuǒzhèng)
* 例證／例证 (lìzhèng)
* 信 (literary, or in compounds)
* 信據／信据 (xìnjù) (literary, reliable evidence)
* 力證／力证 (lìzhèng) (strong evidence)
* 印證／印证 (yìnzhèng)
* 實證／实证 (shízhèng) (concrete evidence)
* 干證 (Hokkien)
* 憑／凭 (píng) (literary, or in compounds)
* 憑信／凭信 (píngxìn)
* 憑據／凭据 (píngjù)
* 憑條／凭条 (Min Nan)
* 憑證／凭证 (píngzhèng)
* 據／据 (literary, or in compounds)
* 論證／论证 (lùnzhèng)
* 證／证 (zhèng)
* 證供／证供 (zhènggōng) (Hong Kong)
* 證明／证明 (zhèngmíng)
* 證見／证见 (Hokkien, literary)
* 鐵證／铁证 (tiězhèng) (very strong evidence)

#### Derived terms

* 證據法／证据法 (zhèngjùfǎ)
* 證據開示／证据开示 (zhèngjù kāishì)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 証拠(しょうこ) (shōko)
* → Korean: 증거(證據) (jeunggeo)
* → Vietnamese: chứng cứ (證據)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 證 | 據 |
| しょう Hyōgai | こ Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

證(しょう)據(こ) • (shōko)
* Kyūjitai form of 証拠: evidence

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 證 | 據 |

### Noun

證據 • (jeunggeo) (hangeul 증거)
* hanja form of 증거 (“evidence; proof”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 證 | 據 |

### Noun

證據
* chữ Hán form of chứng cứ (“evidence”).