# ⲱⲛⳉ
## Coptic
### Alternative forms

* ⲱⲛϧ (ōnx) — Bohairic
* ⲱⲛϩ (ōnh) — Sahidic, Fayyumic

### Etymology

Inherited from Demotic ꜥnḫ, from Egyptian ꜥnḫ,

### Noun

ⲱⲛⳉ • (ōnx) m (uncountable)
* (Akhmimic, uncountable) life, state of showing vital signs
* (Akhmimic, uncountable) life, (period of) the existence of a person

#### Synonyms

* ⲃⲓⲟⲥ (bios)

### Verb

ⲱⲛⳉ • (ōnx)
* (Akhmimic, intransitive) to live

#### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲱⲛⳉ ōnx | imperative | affirmative | ⲱⲛⳉ ōnx |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ tm̄ōnx, tm̄n̄ōnx | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄n̄ōnx |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲱⲛⳉ tiōnx | ⲕⲱⲛⳉ kōnx | ⲧⲉⲱⲛⳉ teōnx | ϥⲱⲛⳉ fōnx | ⲥⲱⲛⳉ sōnx | ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ tn̄ōnx | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ tetn̄ōnx | ⲥⲉⲱⲛⳉ seōnx | ⲱⲛⳉ ōnx |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ eïōnx | ⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ ekōnx | ⲉⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ ereōnx | ⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ efōnx | ⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ esōnx | ⲉⲛⲱⲛⳉ enōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etetn̄ōnx | ⲉⲩⲱⲛⳉ euōnx | ⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ e- ōnx, ere- ōnx |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲱⲛⳉ etiōnx | ⲉⲧⲕⲱⲛⳉ etkōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ eteōnx, etereōnx | ⲉⲧϥⲱⲛⳉ etfōnx | ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲛⳉ etsōnx | ⲉⲧⲛⲱⲛⳉ etnōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etetn̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ etouōnx | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ ete- ōnx, etere- ōnx |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ naïōnx | ⲛⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ nakōnx | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ nareōnx | ⲛⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ nafōnx | ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ nasōnx | ⲛⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ nanōnx | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ natetn̄ōnx | ⲛⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ nauōnx | ⲛⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ na- ōnx, nare- ōnx |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲱⲛⳉ aiōnx | ⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ akōnx | ⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ areōnx | ⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ afōnx | ⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ asōnx | ⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ anōnx | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲱⲛⳉ aretenōnx | ⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ auōnx | ⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲁⲣ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ a- ōnx, ar- ōnx, are- ōnx |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ tinaōnx | ⲕⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ knaōnx | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ tenaōnx | ϥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ fnaōnx | ⲥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ snaōnx | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ tn̄naōnx | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ tetnaōnx | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ senaōnx | ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ naōnx |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ eïnaōnx | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ eknaōnx | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ erenaōnx | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ efnaōnx | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ esnaōnx | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ ennaōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ etetnaōnx | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ eunaōnx | ⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ e- naōnx |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ etinaōnx | ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ etknaōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ etenaōnx, eterenaōnx | ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ etfnaōnx | ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ etsnaōnx | ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ etnnaōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ etetnaōnx | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ etounaōnx | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ ete- naōnx |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ naïnaōnx | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ naknaōnx | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ narenaōnx | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ nafnaōnx | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ nasnaōnx | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ nannaōnx | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ netetnaōnx | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ naunaōnx | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ na- naōnx |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ ainaōnx | ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ aknaōnx, eknaōnx | ⲁⲣⲁⲱⲛⳉ araōnx | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ afnaōnx | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ asnaōnx | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ annaōnx | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ aretennaōnx | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ aunaōnx | ⲁ- ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ a- naōnx, are- naōnx |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ aïōnx | ⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ akōnx | ⲁⲣⲱⲛⳉ arōnx | ⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ afōnx | ⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ asōnx | ⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ anōnx | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ atetn̄ōnx | ⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ auōnx | ⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ a- ōnx |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲛⳉ m̄piōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄pk̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲛⳉ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄peōnx, m̄pr̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄pf̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄ps̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄pn̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄petn̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ m̄pouōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ m̄pe- ōnx |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ eaïōnx | ⲉⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ eakōnx | ⲉⲁⲣⲱⲛⳉ earōnx | ⲉⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ eafōnx | ⲉⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ easōnx | ⲉⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ eanōnx | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ eatetn̄ōnx | ⲉⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ eauōnx | ⲉⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ ea- ōnx |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲛⳉ em̄piōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄pk̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄peōnx, em̄pr̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄pf̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄ps̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄pn̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄petn̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ em̄pouōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ em̄pe- ōnx |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ etaïōnx | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ etakōnx | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲱⲛⳉ etarōnx | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ etafōnx | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ etasōnx | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ etanōnx | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etatetn̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ etauōnx | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ eta- ōnx |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲛⳉ etem̄piōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄pk̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄peōnx, etem̄pr̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄pf̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄ps̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄pn̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄petn̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ etem̄pouōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄pe- ōnx |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ neaïōnx | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ neakōnx | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲱⲛⳉ nearōnx | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ neafōnx | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ neasōnx | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ neanōnx | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ neatetn̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ neauōnx | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ nea- ōnx |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲱⲛⳉ nem̄piōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄pk̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲱⲛⳉ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄peōnx, nem̄pr̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄pf̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄ps̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄pn̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄petn̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ nem̄pouōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄pe- ōnx |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ naïōnx | ⲛⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ nakōnx | ⲛⲁⲣⲱⲛⳉ narōnx | ⲛⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ nafōnx | ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ nasōnx | ⲛⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ nanōnx | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ natetn̄ōnx | ⲛⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ nauōnx | ⲛⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ na- ōnx |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲛⳉ m̄patiōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄patk̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲛⳉ m̄pateōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄patf̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄pats̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄patn̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ m̄patetn̄ōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ m̄patouōnx | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ m̄pate- ōnx |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲛⳉ em̄patiōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄patk̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲛⳉ em̄pateōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄patf̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄pats̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄patn̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ em̄patetn̄ōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ em̄patouōnx | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ em̄pate- ōnx |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲛⳉ etem̄patiōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄patk̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲛⳉ etem̄pateōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄patf̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄pats̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄patn̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄patetn̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ etem̄patouōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ etem̄pate- ōnx |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲱⲛⳉ nem̄patiōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄patk̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲱⲛⳉ nem̄pateōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄patf̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄pats̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄patn̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄patetn̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ nem̄patouōnx | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ nem̄pate- ōnx |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ xareïōnx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ xarekōnx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ xareōnx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ xarefōnx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ xaresōnx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲛⳉ xarenōnx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ xaretetn̄ōnx | ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ xarouōnx | ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ xare- ōnx |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ maïōnx | ⲙⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ makōnx | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ mareōnx | ⲙⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ mafōnx | ⲙⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ masōnx | ⲙⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ manōnx | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ matetn̄ōnx | ⲙⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ mauōnx | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲙⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ mare- ōnx, ma- ōnx |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ exareïōnx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ exarekōnx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ exareōnx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ exarefōnx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ exaresōnx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲛⳉ exarenōnx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ exaretetn̄ōnx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ exarouōnx | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ exare- ōnx |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ emaïōnx | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ emakōnx | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ emareōnx | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ emafōnx | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ emasōnx | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ emanōnx | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ ematetn̄ōnx | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ emauōnx | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ emare- ōnx, ema- ōnx |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ etexareïōnx, etxareïōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ etexarekōnx, etxarekōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ etexareōnx, etxareōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ etexarefōnx, etxarefōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ etexaresōnx, etxaresōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲛⳉ etexarenōnx, etxarenōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etexaretetn̄ōnx, etxaretetn̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ etexarouōnx, etxarouōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ etexare- ōnx, etxare- ōnx |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ etemaïōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ etemakōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ etemareōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ etemafōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ etemasōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ etemanōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ etematetn̄ōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ etemauōnx | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ etemare- ōnx, etema- ōnx |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ nexareïōnx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ nexarekōnx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ nexareōnx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ nexarefōnx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ nexaresōnx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲱⲛⳉ nexarenōnx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nexaretetn̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ nexarouōnx | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ nexare- ōnx |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ nemaïōnx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ nemakōnx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ nemareōnx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ nemafōnx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ nemasōnx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ nemanōnx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ nematetn̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ nemauōnx | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ nemare- ōnx, nema- ōnx |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ amaïōnx | ⲁⲙⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ amakōnx | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ amareōnx | ⲁⲙⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ amafōnx | ⲁⲙⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ amasōnx | ⲁⲙⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ amanōnx | ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ amatetn̄ōnx | ⲁⲙⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ amauōnx | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲙⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ amare- ōnx, ma- ōnx |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲁⲱⲛⳉ aïaōnx | ⲁⲕⲁⲱⲛⳉ akaōnx | ⲁⲣⲁⲱⲛⳉ araōnx | ⲁϥⲁⲱⲛⳉ afaōnx | ⲁⲥⲁⲱⲛⳉ asaōnx | ⲁⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ anaōnx | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ atetnaōnx | ⲁⲩⲁⲱⲛⳉ auaōnx | ⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ a- ōnx |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲛⲁⲱⲛⳉ naōnx, enaōnx | ⲛⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ nekōnx, enekōnx | ⲛⲉⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲱⲛⳉ neōnx, eneōnx | ⲛⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ nefōnx, enefōnx | ⲛⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ nesōnx, enesōnx | ⲛⲉⲛⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲱⲛⳉ nenōnx, enenōnx | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ netn̄ōnx, enetn̄ōnx | ⲛⲉⲩⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲱⲛⳉ neuōnx, eneuōnx | ⲛⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ ne- ōnx |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲱⲛⳉ mariōnx | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ marefōnx | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ maresōnx | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ marn̄ōnx | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ marouōnx | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ mare- ōnx |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲱⲛⳉ mn̄taōnx | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ mn̄tf̄ōnx | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ mn̄ts̄ōnx | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ mn̄tn̄ōnx | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ mn̄touōnx | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ mn̄te- ōnx |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲱⲛⳉ taōnx | ⲕⲱⲛⳉ kōnx | ⲧⲉⲱⲛⳉ teōnx | ϥⲱⲛⳉ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥⲱⲛⳉ fōnx, n̄tfōnx | ⲥⲱⲛⳉ sōnx | ⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ tn̄ōnx | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ tetn̄ōnx | ⲥⲉⲱⲛⳉ, ⲥⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ seōnx, souōnx | ⲧⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ te- ōnx |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲛⳉ tariōnx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ tarekōnx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ tareōnx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ tarefōnx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ taresōnx | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ tarn̄ōnx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ taretetn̄ōnx | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ tarouōnx | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ tare- ōnx |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲱⲛⳉ n̄tariōnx, tariōnx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲱⲛⳉ n̄tarekōnx, tarekōnx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ n̄tareōnx, tareōnx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲱⲛⳉ n̄tarefōnx, tarefōnx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲱⲛⳉ n̄taresōnx, taresōnx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ n̄tarn̄ōnx, tarn̄ōnx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ n̄taretn̄ōnx, taretn̄ōnx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ n̄tarouōnx, tarouōnx | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ n̄tare- ōnx, tare- ōnx |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲱⲛⳉ šatiōnx | ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲱⲛⳉ šatk̄ōnx | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲱⲛⳉ šateōnx | ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ šatf̄ōnx | ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲱⲛⳉ šats̄ōnx | ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ šatn̄ōnx | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ šatetn̄ōnx | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲱⲛⳉ šatouōnx | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ šate- ōnx |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ aïšaōnx, eïšaōnx | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲕϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ akšaōnx, ekšaōnx | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ arešaōnx, erešaōnx | ⲁϥϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉϥϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ afšaōnx, efšaōnx | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲥϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ asšaōnx, esšaōnx | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲛϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ anšaōnx, enšaōnx | ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ ašatetn̄ōnx, ešatetn̄ōnx | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉⲩϣⲁⲱⲛⳉ aušaōnx, eušaōnx | ⲁϣⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ, ⲉϣⲁ- ⲱⲛⳉ aša- ōnx, eša- ōnx |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓ̈ⲱⲛⳉ aïōnx | ⲁⲕⲱⲛⳉ akōnx | ⲁⲣⲉⲱⲛⳉ areōnx | ⲁϥⲱⲛⳉ afōnx | ⲁⲥⲱⲛⳉ asōnx | ⲁⲛⲱⲛⳉ anōnx | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲱⲛⳉ atetn̄ōnx | ⲁⲩⲱⲛⳉ auōnx | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲱⲛⳉ are- ōnx |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- |