# 勇士
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): yǒngshì
    (Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˇ ㄕˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): jung$^5$ si$^6$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yúng-sṳ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): ióng-sǐr / ióng-sū
    (Teochew, Peng'im): iong$^2$ se$^6$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: yǒngshì
*** Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˇ ㄕˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: yǒngshìh
*** Wade–Giles: yung$^3$-shih$^4$
*** Yale: yǔng-shr̀
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeongshyh
*** Palladius: юнши (junši)
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$勇士 永世 永逝
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: jung$^5$ si$^6$
*** Yale: yúhng sih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: jung$^5$ si$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: yung$^5$ xi$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /jʊŋ¹³ siː²²/
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yúng-sṳ
*** Hakka Romanization System: iung$^ˋ$ sii
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yung$^3$ si$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /i̯uŋ³¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yúng-sṳ
*** Hakka Romanization System: (r)iung$^ˋ$ sii
*** Hagfa Pinyim: yung$^3$ si$^4$
*** Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uŋ³¹ sɨ⁵⁵/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióng-sǐr
*** Tâi-lô: ióng-sǐr
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ²²/
** (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ióng-sū
*** Tâi-lô: ióng-sū
*** Phofsit Daibuun: iofngsu
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su²²/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ su³³/
*** IPA (Taipei): /iɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su³³/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: iong$^2$ se$^6$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ióng sṳ̆
*** Sinological IPA : /ioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ sɯ³⁵/
* Middle Chinese: yowngX dzriX
Rime :
| Character | 勇 | 士 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 以 (36) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 鍾 (7) | 之 (19) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 余隴切 | 鉏里切 |
| Baxter | yowngX | dzriX |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /jɨoŋ$^X$/ | /d͡ʒɨ$^X$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /jioŋ$^X$/ | /ɖ͡ʐɨ$^X$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ioŋ$^X$/ | /d͡ʒie$^X$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /juawŋ$^X$/ | /ɖ͡ʐɨ$^X$/ |
| Li Rong | /ioŋ$^X$/ | /d͡ʒiə$^X$/ |
| Wang Li | /jĭwoŋ$^X$/ | /d͡ʒĭə$^X$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /i̯woŋ$^X$/ | /ɖ͡ʐʱi$^X$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | yǒng | zhì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | jung$^5$ | zi$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Baxter–Sagart): /*loŋʔ [m-s-]rəʔ/
    (Zhengzhang): /*loŋʔ zrɯʔ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) :
| Character | 勇 | 士 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) | yǒng | shì |
| Middle Chinese | ‹ yowng$^X$ › | ‹ dzri$^X$ › |
| Old Chinese | /*loŋʔ/ | /*[m-s-]rəʔ/ |
| English | brave | officer; gentleman |
| Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |||
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 勇 | 士 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 15449 | 11511 |
| Phonetic component | 用 | 士 |
| Rime group | 東 | 之 |
| Rime subdivision | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 勇 | 士 |
| Old Chinese | /*loŋʔ/ | /*zrɯʔ/ |

### Noun

勇士
* brave person
* warrior

#### Synonyms

* (warrior):
* 健兒／健儿 (jiàn'ér)
* 壯士／壮士 (zhuàngshì)
* 戰士／战士 (zhànshì)
* 武人 (wǔrén)
* 武士 (wǔshì)
* 猛士 (měngshì)
* 虎賁／虎贲 (hǔbēn) (archaic)
* 鬥士／斗士 (dòushì)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 勇(ゆう)士(し) (yūshi)
* → Korean: 용사(勇士) (yongsa)
* → Vietnamese: dũng sĩ (勇士)

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 勇 | 士 |
| ゆう Grade: 4 | し Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) ゆうし [yúꜜùshì] (Atamadaka –)
* IPA: [jɯ̟ːɕi]

#### Noun

勇(ゆう)士(し) • (yūshi)
* brave person, warrior
    Synonym: 勇者

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 勇 | 士 |
| ゆう Grade: 4 | じ Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi ||

#### Pronunciation

* IPA: [jɯ̟ːʑi]

#### Proper noun

勇(ゆう)士(じ) • (Yūji)
* a male given name

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 勇 | 士 |

### Noun

勇士 • (yongsa) (hangeul 용사)
* hanja form of 용사 (“brave person; warrior”)

## Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term :
| 勇 | 士 |

### Noun

勇士
* chữ Hán form of dũng sĩ (“courageous person”).