# phephela
## Zulu
### Etymology

From -phepha +‎ -ela.

### Verb

-phephela$^?$
* (intransitive) to escape to, to take refuge in [with locative]

#### Inflection

Tone unknown :
| Infinitive | ukuphephela |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuphephela | ukungaphepheli |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | phephela | -phephele |
| Plural | phephelani | -phepheleni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyaphephela, ngiphephela | engiphephelayo, engiphephela | ngiphephela | angiphepheli | engingaphepheli | ngingaphepheli |
| 2nd singular | uyaphephela, uphephela | ophephelayo, ophephela | uphephela | awuphepheli | ongaphepheli | ungaphepheli |
| 1st plural | siyaphephela, siphephela | esiphephelayo, esiphephela | siphephela | asiphepheli | esingaphepheli | singaphepheli |
| 2nd plural | niyaphephela, niphephela | eniphephelayo, eniphephela | niphephela | aniphepheli | eningaphepheli | ningaphepheli |
| Class 1 | uyaphephela, uphephela | ophephelayo, ophephela | ephephela | akaphepheli | ongaphepheli | engaphepheli |
| Class 2 | bayaphephela, baphephela | abaphephelayo, abaphephela | bephephela | abaphepheli | abangaphepheli | bengaphepheli |
| Class 3 | uyaphephela, uphephela | ophephelayo, ophephela | uphephela | awuphepheli | ongaphepheli | ungaphepheli |
| Class 4 | iyaphephela, iphephela | ephephelayo, ephephela | iphephela | ayiphepheli | engaphepheli | ingaphepheli |
| Class 5 | liyaphephela, liphephela | eliphephelayo, eliphephela | liphephela | aliphepheli | elingaphepheli | lingaphepheli |
| Class 6 | ayaphephela, aphephela | aphephelayo, aphephela | ephephela | awaphepheli | angaphepheli | engaphepheli |
| Class 7 | siyaphephela, siphephela | esiphephelayo, esiphephela | siphephela | asiphepheli | esingaphepheli | singaphepheli |
| Class 8 | ziyaphephela, ziphephela | eziphephelayo, eziphephela | ziphephela | aziphepheli | ezingaphepheli | zingaphepheli |
| Class 9 | iyaphephela, iphephela | ephephelayo, ephephela | iphephela | ayiphepheli | engaphepheli | ingaphepheli |
| Class 10 | ziyaphephela, ziphephela | eziphephelayo, eziphephela | ziphephela | aziphepheli | ezingaphepheli | zingaphepheli |
| Class 11 | luyaphephela, luphephela | oluphephelayo, oluphephela | luphephela | aluphepheli | olungaphepheli | lungaphepheli |
| Class 14 | buyaphephela, buphephela | obuphephelayo, obuphephela | buphephela | abuphepheli | obungaphepheli | bungaphepheli |
| Class 15 | kuyaphephela, kuphephela | okuphephelayo, okuphephela | kuphephela | akuphepheli | okungaphepheli | kungaphepheli |
| Class 17 | kuyaphephela, kuphephela | okuphephelayo, okuphephela | kuphephela | akuphepheli | okungaphepheli | kungaphepheli |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiphephelile, ngiphephelē | engiphephelile, engiphephelē | ngiphephelile, ngiphephelē | angiphephelanga | engingaphephelanga | ngingaphephelanga |
| 2nd singular | uphephelile, uphephelē | ophephelile, ophephelē | uphephelile, uphephelē | awuphephelanga | ongaphephelanga | ungaphephelanga |
| 1st plural | siphephelile, siphephelē | esiphephelile, esiphephelē | siphephelile, siphephelē | asiphephelanga | esingaphephelanga | singaphephelanga |
| 2nd plural | niphephelile, niphephelē | eniphephelile, eniphephelē | niphephelile, niphephelē | aniphephelanga | eningaphephelanga | ningaphephelanga |
| Class 1 | uphephelile, uphephelē | ophephelile, ophephelē | ephephelile, ephephelē | akaphephelanga | ongaphephelanga | engaphephelanga |
| Class 2 | baphephelile, baphephelē | abaphephelile, abaphephelē | bephephelile, bephephelē | abaphephelanga | abangaphephelanga | bengaphephelanga |
| Class 3 | uphephelile, uphephelē | ophephelile, ophephelē | uphephelile, uphephelē | awuphephelanga | ongaphephelanga | ungaphephelanga |
| Class 4 | iphephelile, iphephelē | ephephelile, ephephelē | iphephelile, iphephelē | ayiphephelanga | engaphephelanga | ingaphephelanga |
| Class 5 | liphephelile, liphephelē | eliphephelile, eliphephelē | liphephelile, liphephelē | aliphephelanga | elingaphephelanga | lingaphephelanga |
| Class 6 | aphephelile, aphephelē | aphephelile, aphephelē | ephephelile, ephephelē | awaphephelanga | angaphephelanga | engaphephelanga |
| Class 7 | siphephelile, siphephelē | esiphephelile, esiphephelē | siphephelile, siphephelē | asiphephelanga | esingaphephelanga | singaphephelanga |
| Class 8 | ziphephelile, ziphephelē | eziphephelile, eziphephelē | ziphephelile, ziphephelē | aziphephelanga | ezingaphephelanga | zingaphephelanga |
| Class 9 | iphephelile, iphephelē | ephephelile, ephephelē | iphephelile, iphephelē | ayiphephelanga | engaphephelanga | ingaphephelanga |
| Class 10 | ziphephelile, ziphephelē | eziphephelile, eziphephelē | ziphephelile, ziphephelē | aziphephelanga | ezingaphephelanga | zingaphephelanga |
| Class 11 | luphephelile, luphephelē | oluphephelile, oluphephelē | luphephelile, luphephelē | aluphephelanga | olungaphephelanga | lungaphephelanga |
| Class 14 | buphephelile, buphephelē | obuphephelile, obuphephelē | buphephelile, buphephelē | abuphephelanga | obungaphephelanga | bungaphephelanga |
| Class 15 | kuphephelile, kuphephelē | okuphephelile, okuphephelē | kuphephelile, kuphephelē | akuphephelanga | okungaphephelanga | kungaphephelanga |
| Class 17 | kuphephelile, kuphephelē | okuphephelile, okuphephelē | kuphephelile, kuphephelē | akuphephelanga | okungaphephelanga | kungaphephelanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāphephela | engāphephela | ngāphephela | angiphephelanga | engingaphephelanga | ngingaphephelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāphephela | owāphephela | wāphephela | awuphephelanga | ongaphephelanga | ungaphephelanga |
| 1st plural | sāphephela | esāphephela | sāphephela | asiphephelanga | esingaphephelanga | singaphephelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāphephela | enāphephela | nāphephela | aniphephelanga | eningaphephelanga | ningaphephelanga |
| Class 1 | wāphephela | owāphephela | āphephela | akaphephelanga | ongaphephelanga | engaphephelanga |
| Class 2 | bāphephela | abāphephela | bāphephela | abaphephelanga | abangaphephelanga | bengaphephelanga |
| Class 3 | wāphephela | owāphephela | wāphephela | awuphephelanga | ongaphephelanga | ungaphephelanga |
| Class 4 | yāphephela | eyāphephela | yāphephela | ayiphephelanga | engaphephelanga | ingaphephelanga |
| Class 5 | lāphephela | elāphephela | lāphephela | aliphephelanga | elingaphephelanga | lingaphephelanga |
| Class 6 | āphephela | āphephela | āphephela | awaphephelanga | angaphephelanga | engaphephelanga |
| Class 7 | sāphephela | esāphephela | sāphephela | asiphephelanga | esingaphephelanga | singaphephelanga |
| Class 8 | zāphephela | ezāphephela | zāphephela | aziphephelanga | ezingaphephelanga | zingaphephelanga |
| Class 9 | yāphephela | eyāphephela | yāphephela | ayiphephelanga | engaphephelanga | ingaphephelanga |
| Class 10 | zāphephela | ezāphephela | zāphephela | aziphephelanga | ezingaphephelanga | zingaphephelanga |
| Class 11 | lwāphephela | olwāphephela | lwāphephela | aluphephelanga | olungaphephelanga | lungaphephelanga |
| Class 14 | bāphephela | obāphephela | bāphephela | abuphephelanga | obungaphephelanga | bungaphephelanga |
| Class 15 | kwāphephela | okwāphephela | kwāphephela | akuphephelanga | okungaphephelanga | kungaphephelanga |
| Class 17 | kwāphephela | okwāphephela | kwāphephela | akuphephelanga | okungaphephelanga | kungaphephelanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingaphephela | — | ngingaphephela | ngingephephele | — | ngingephephele |
| 2nd singular | ungaphephela | — | ungaphephela | ungephephele | — | ungephephele |
| 1st plural | singaphephela | — | singaphephela | singephephele | — | singephephele |
| 2nd plural | ningaphephela | — | ningaphephela | ningephephele | — | ningephephele |
| Class 1 | angaphephela | — | engaphephela | angephephele | — | engephephele |
| Class 2 | bangaphephela | — | bengaphephela | bangephephele | — | bengephephele |
| Class 3 | ungaphephela | — | ungaphephela | ungephephele | — | ungephephele |
| Class 4 | ingaphephela | — | ingaphephela | ingephephele | — | ingephephele |
| Class 5 | lingaphephela | — | lingaphephela | lingephephele | — | lingephephele |
| Class 6 | angaphephela | — | engaphephela | angephephele | — | engephephele |
| Class 7 | singaphephela | — | singaphephela | singephephele | — | singephephele |
| Class 8 | zingaphephela | — | zingaphephela | zingephephele | — | zingephephele |
| Class 9 | ingaphephela | — | ingaphephela | ingephephele | — | ingephephele |
| Class 10 | zingaphephela | — | zingaphephela | zingephephele | — | zingephephele |
| Class 11 | lungaphephela | — | lungaphephela | lungephephele | — | lungephephele |
| Class 14 | bungaphephela | — | bungaphephela | bungephephele | — | bungephephele |
| Class 15 | kungaphephela | — | kungaphephela | kungephephele | — | kungephephele |
| Class 17 | kungaphephela | — | kungaphephela | kungephephele | — | kungephephele |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizophephela | engizophephela | ngizophephela | angizuphephela | engingezuphephela | ngingezuphephela |
| 2nd singular | uzophephela | ozophephela | uzophephela | awuzuphephela | ongezuphephela | ungezuphephela |
| 1st plural | sizophephela | esizophephela | sizophephela | asizuphephela | esingezuphephela | singezuphephela |
| 2nd plural | nizophephela | enizophephela | nizophephela | anizuphephela | eningezuphephela | ningezuphephela |
| Class 1 | uzophephela | ozophephela | ezophephela | akazuphephela | ongezuphephela | engezuphephela |
| Class 2 | bazophephela | abazophephela | bezophephela | abazuphephela | abangezuphephela | bengezuphephela |
| Class 3 | uzophephela | ozophephela | uzophephela | awuzuphephela | ongezuphephela | ungezuphephela |
| Class 4 | izophephela | ezophephela | izophephela | ayizuphephela | engezuphephela | ingezuphephela |
| Class 5 | lizophephela | elizophephela | lizophephela | alizuphephela | elingezuphephela | lingezuphephela |
| Class 6 | azophephela | azophephela | ezophephela | awazuphephela | angezuphephela | engezuphephela |
| Class 7 | sizophephela | esizophephela | sizophephela | asizuphephela | esingezuphephela | singezuphephela |
| Class 8 | zizophephela | ezizophephela | zizophephela | azizuphephela | ezingezuphephela | zingezuphephela |
| Class 9 | izophephela | ezophephela | izophephela | ayizuphephela | engezuphephela | ingezuphephela |
| Class 10 | zizophephela | ezizophephela | zizophephela | azizuphephela | ezingezuphephela | zingezuphephela |
| Class 11 | luzophephela | oluzophephela | luzophephela | aluzuphephela | olungezuphephela | lungezuphephela |
| Class 14 | buzophephela | obuzophephela | buzophephela | abuzuphephela | obungezuphephela | bungezuphephela |
| Class 15 | kuzophephela | okuzophephela | kuzophephela | akuzuphephela | okungezuphephela | kungezuphephela |
| Class 17 | kuzophephela | okuzophephela | kuzophephela | akuzuphephela | okungezuphephela | kungezuphephela |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyophephela | engiyophephela | ngiyophephela | angiyuphephela | engingeyuphephela | ngingeyuphephela |
| 2nd singular | uyophephela | oyophephela | uyophephela | awuyuphephela | ongeyuphephela | ungeyuphephela |
| 1st plural | siyophephela | esiyophephela | siyophephela | asiyuphephela | esingeyuphephela | singeyuphephela |
| 2nd plural | niyophephela | eniyophephela | niyophephela | aniyuphephela | eningeyuphephela | ningeyuphephela |
| Class 1 | uyophephela | oyophephela | eyophephela | akayuphephela | ongeyuphephela | engeyuphephela |
| Class 2 | bayophephela | abayophephela | beyophephela | abayuphephela | abangeyuphephela | bengeyuphephela |
| Class 3 | uyophephela | oyophephela | uyophephela | awuyuphephela | ongeyuphephela | ungeyuphephela |
| Class 4 | iyophephela | eyophephela | iyophephela | ayiyuphephela | engeyuphephela | ingeyuphephela |
| Class 5 | liyophephela | eliyophephela | liyophephela | aliyuphephela | elingeyuphephela | lingeyuphephela |
| Class 6 | ayophephela | ayophephela | eyophephela | awayuphephela | angeyuphephela | engeyuphephela |
| Class 7 | siyophephela | esiyophephela | siyophephela | asiyuphephela | esingeyuphephela | singeyuphephela |
| Class 8 | ziyophephela | eziyophephela | ziyophephela | aziyuphephela | ezingeyuphephela | zingeyuphephela |
| Class 9 | iyophephela | eyophephela | iyophephela | ayiyuphephela | engeyuphephela | ingeyuphephela |
| Class 10 | ziyophephela | eziyophephela | ziyophephela | aziyuphephela | ezingeyuphephela | zingeyuphephela |
| Class 11 | luyophephela | oluyophephela | luyophephela | aluyuphephela | olungeyuphephela | lungeyuphephela |
| Class 14 | buyophephela | obuyophephela | buyophephela | abuyuphephela | obungeyuphephela | bungeyuphephela |
| Class 15 | kuyophephela | okuyophephela | kuyophephela | akuyuphephela | okungeyuphephela | kungeyuphephela |
| Class 17 | kuyophephela | okuyophephela | kuyophephela | akuyuphephela | okungeyuphephela | kungeyuphephela |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngiphephele | ngingaphepheli |
| 2nd singular | uphephele | ungaphepheli |
| 1st plural | siphephele | singaphepheli |
| 2nd plural | niphephele | ningaphepheli |
| Class 1 | aphephele | angaphepheli |
| Class 2 | baphephele | bangaphepheli |
| Class 3 | uphephele | ungaphepheli |
| Class 4 | iphephele | ingaphepheli |
| Class 5 | liphephele | lingaphepheli |
| Class 6 | aphephele | angaphepheli |
| Class 7 | siphephele | singaphepheli |
| Class 8 | ziphephele | zingaphepheli |
| Class 9 | iphephele | ingaphepheli |
| Class 10 | ziphephele | zingaphepheli |
| Class 11 | luphephele | lungaphepheli |
| Class 14 | buphephele | bungaphepheli |
| Class 15 | kuphephele | kungaphepheli |
| Class 17 | kuphephele | kungaphepheli |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngaphephela | ngangaphephela, angaphephela, angangaphephela |
| 2nd singular | waphephela | wangaphephela, awaphephela, awangaphephela |
| 1st plural | saphephela | sangaphephela, asaphephela, asangaphephela |
| 2nd plural | naphephela | nangaphephela, anaphephela, anangaphephela |
| Class 1 | waphephela | wangaphephela, akaphephela, akangaphephela |
| Class 2 | baphephela | bangaphephela, abaphephela, abangaphephela |
| Class 3 | waphephela | wangaphephela, awaphephela, awangaphephela |
| Class 4 | yaphephela | yangaphephela, ayaphephela, ayangaphephela |
| Class 5 | laphephela | langaphephela, alaphephela, alangaphephela |
| Class 6 | aphephela | angaphephela, awaphephela, awangaphephela |
| Class 7 | saphephela | sangaphephela, asaphephela, asangaphephela |
| Class 8 | zaphephela | zangaphephela, azaphephela, azangaphephela |
| Class 9 | yaphephela | yangaphephela, ayaphephela, ayangaphephela |
| Class 10 | zaphephela | zangaphephela, azaphephela, azangaphephela |
| Class 11 | lwaphephela | lwangaphephela, alwaphephela, alwangaphephela |
| Class 14 | baphephela | bangaphephela, abaphephela, abangaphephela |
| Class 15 | kwaphephela | kwangaphephela, akwaphephela, akwangaphephela |
| Class 17 | kwaphephela | kwangaphephela, akwaphephela, akwangaphephela |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phephela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phephela (3.2.9)”