# 及第
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): jídì
    (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): kap$^6$ dai$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ki̍p-tē
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: jídì
*** Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jídì
*** Wade–Giles: chi$^2$-ti$^4$
*** Yale: jí-dì
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyidih
*** Palladius: цзиди (czidi)
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡ɕi³⁵ ti⁵¹/
*** Homophones: [Show/Hide]$^{edit}$及第 極地／极地 吉地
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: kap$^6$ dai$^6$
*** Yale: kahp daih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: kap$^9$ dai$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: keb$^6$ dei$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /kʰɐp̚² tɐi̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ki̍p-tē
*** Tâi-lô: ki̍p-tē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: kibde
*** IPA (Xiamen): /kip̚⁴⁻³² te²²/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /kip̚²⁴⁻² te⁴¹/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /kip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ te²²/
*** IPA (Taipei): /kip̚⁴⁻³² te³³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /kip̚⁴⁻³² te³³/
* Middle Chinese: gip dejH
Rime :
| Character | 及 | 第 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 緝 (142) | 齊 (39) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | IV |
| Fanqie | 其立切 | 特計切 |
| Baxter | gip | dejH |
| Reconstructions |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /ɡˠiɪp̚/ | /dei$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɡᵚip̚/ | /dei$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /ɡiep̚/ | /dɛi$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /gjip̚/ | /dɛj$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /ɡjəp̚/ | /dei$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /ɡĭĕp̚/ | /diei$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /gi̯əp̚/ | /dʱiei$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | jí | dì |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | gap$^6$ | dai$^6$ |

### Verb

及第
* (intransitive, historical) to pass an imperial examination

#### Derived terms

* 及第粥 (jídìzhōu)
* 進士及第／进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 及 | 第 |
| きゅう Grade: S | だい Grade: 3 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) きゅうだい [kyùúdáí] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [kʲɨːda̠i]

### Noun

及(きゅう)第(だい) • (kyūdai)
* passing a grade; making the year (being able to advance to the next academic year because of sufficient achievement).

#### Antonyms

* 落第(らくだい) (rakudai)

### Verb

及(きゅう)第(だい)する • (kyūdai suru) suru (stem 及(きゅう)第(だい)し (kyūdai shi), past 及(きゅう)第(だい)した (kyūdai shita))
* to pass a grade

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 及第し | きゅうだいし | kyūdai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 及第し | きゅうだいし | kyūdai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 及第する | きゅうだいする | kyūdai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 及第する | きゅうだいする | kyūdai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 及第すれ | きゅうだいすれ | kyūdai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 及第せよ¹ 及第しろ² | きゅうだいせよ¹ きゅうだいしろ² | kyūdai seyo¹ kyūdai shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 及第される | きゅうだいされる | kyūdai sareru |
| Causative | 及第させる 及第さす | きゅうだいさせる きゅうだいさす | kyūdai saseru kyūdai sasu |
| Potential | 及第できる | きゅうだいできる | kyūdai dekiru |
| Volitional | 及第しよう | きゅうだいしよう | kyūdai shiyō |
| Negative | 及第しない | きゅうだいしない | kyūdai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 及第せず | きゅうだいせず | kyūdai sezu |
| Formal | 及第します | きゅうだいします | kyūdai shimasu |
| Perfective | 及第した | きゅうだいした | kyūdai shita |
| Conjunctive | 及第して | きゅうだいして | kyūdai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 及第すれば | きゅうだいすれば | kyūdai sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

#### Antonyms

* 落第(らくだい)する (rakudai suru)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN