# ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ
## Coptic
### Etymology 1
#### Alternative forms

* ⲛⲟϩⲉⲃ (noheb), ⲛⲱϩⲉⲃ (nōheb) — Bohairic

#### Verb

ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ • (nouhb) (nominal state (S) ⲛⲁϩⲃ-, pronominal state (S) ⲛⲁϩⲃ⸗ or ⲛⲟϩⲃ⸗, stative (S) ⲛⲁϩⲃ)
* (Sahidic, Akhmimic, transitive) to yoke (beasts)
* (Sahidic, Akhmimic, intransitive) to be yoked, harnessed

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nouhb | imperative | affirmative | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nouhb |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tm̄nouhb | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄nouhb |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tinouhb | ⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ knouhb | ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tenouhb | ϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ fnouhb | ⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ snouhb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tn̄nouhb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tetn̄nouhb | ⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ senouhb | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nouhb |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïnouhb | ⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eknouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenouhb | ⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efnouhb | ⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esnouhb | ⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ennouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eunouhb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ere- nouhb |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etinouhb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etk̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etenouhb, eterenouhb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etf̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ets̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etere- nouhb |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neïnouhb | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neknouhb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nerenouhb | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nefnouhb | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nesnouhb | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nennouhb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ netetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neunouhb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nere- nouhb |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tinanouhb | ⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ knanouhb | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tenanouhb | ϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ fnanouhb | ⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ snanouhb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tn̄nanouhb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tetnanouhb | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ senanouhb | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nanouhb |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïnanouhb | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eknanouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenanouhb | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efnanouhb | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esnanouhb | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ennanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetnanouhb | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eunanouhb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ere- nanouhb |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etinanouhb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etk̄nanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etenanouhb, eterenanouhb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etf̄nanouhb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ets̄nanouhb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etn̄nanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetnanouhb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etounanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etere- nanouhb |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neïnanouhb | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neknanouhb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nerenanouhb | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nefnanouhb | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nesnanouhb | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nennanouhb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ netetnanouhb | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neunanouhb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nere- nanouhb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aïnouhb | ⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aknouhb | ⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ anouhb, arnouhb, arenouhb | ⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ afnouhb | ⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ asnouhb | ⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ annouhb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ atetn̄nouhb | ⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aunouhb | ⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ a- nouhb |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pinouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pk̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄penouhb, m̄pr̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pf̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄ps̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄petn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pounouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pe- nouhb |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eaïnouhb | ⲉⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eaknouhb | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eanouhb, earnouhb, earenouhb | ⲉⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eafnouhb | ⲉⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ easnouhb | ⲉⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eannouhb | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eatetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eaunouhb | ⲉⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ea- nouhb |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pinouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pk̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄penouhb, em̄pr̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pf̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄ps̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄petn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pounouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pe- nouhb |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entaïnouhb, n̄taïnouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entaknouhb, n̄taknouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entanouhb, n̄tanouhb, entarnouhb, n̄tarnouhb, entarenouhb, n̄tarenouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entafnouhb, n̄tafnouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entasnouhb, n̄tasnouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entannouhb, n̄tannouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entatetn̄nouhb, n̄tatetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entaunouhb, n̄taunouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ enta- nouhb, n̄ta- nouhb |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pinouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pk̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄penouhb, etem̄pr̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pf̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄ps̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄petn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pe- nouhb |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neaïnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neaknouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neanouhb, nearnouhb, nearenouhb | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neafnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neasnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neannouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neatetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neaunouhb | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nea- nouhb |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pinouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pk̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄penouhb, nem̄pr̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pf̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄ps̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄petn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pounouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pe- nouhb |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄taïnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄taknouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tanouhb, n̄tarnouhb, n̄tarenouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tafnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tasnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tannouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tatetn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄taunouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄ta- nouhb |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patinouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patk̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patenouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patf̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pats̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patounouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pate- nouhb |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patinouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patk̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patenouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patf̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pats̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patounouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pate- nouhb |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patinouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patk̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patf̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pats̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pate- nouhb |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patinouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patk̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patenouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patf̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pats̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patounouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pate- nouhb |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šaïnouhb | ϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šaknouhb | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šarenouhb | ϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šafnouhb | ϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šasnouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šannouhb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šatetn̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šaunouhb | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šare- nouhb |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ meïnouhb | ⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ meknouhb | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ merenouhb | ⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mefnouhb | ⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mesnouhb | ⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mennouhb | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ metetn̄nouhb | ⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ meunouhb | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mere- nouhb |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešaïnouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešaknouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešarenouhb | ⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešafnouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešasnouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešannouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešatetn̄nouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešaunouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešare- nouhb |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeïnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeknouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emerenouhb | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emefnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emesnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emennouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emetetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeunouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emere- nouhb |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešaïnouhb, ešaïnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešaknouhb, ešaknouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešarenouhb, ešarenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešafnouhb, ešafnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešasnouhb, ešasnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešannouhb, ešannouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešatetn̄nouhb, ešatetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešaunouhb, ešaunouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešare- nouhb, ešare- nouhb |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemeïnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemeknouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemerenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemefnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemesnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemennouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemetetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemeunouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemere- nouhb |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešaïnouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešaknouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešarenouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešafnouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešasnouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešannouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešatetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešaunouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešare- nouhb |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemeïnouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemeknouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemerenouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemefnouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemesnouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemennouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemetetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemeunouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemere- nouhb |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeïnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeknouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emerenouhb | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emefnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emesnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emennouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emetetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeunouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emere- nouhb |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïenouhb | ⲉⲕⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ekenouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenouhb | ⲉϥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efenouhb | ⲉⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esenouhb | ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ enenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetnenouhb | ⲉⲩⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ euenouhb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ere- nouhb |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nanouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄neknouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nenouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nefnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nesnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nennouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄netn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄neunouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄ne- nouhb |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marinouhb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marefnouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ maresnouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marn̄nouhb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marounouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mare- nouhb |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄tranouhb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄trefnouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄tresnouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄trennouhb | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄treunouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄tre- nouhb |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tanouhb, tanouhb | ⲛ̄ⲅⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄gnouhb, n̄knouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tenouhb | ⲛ̄ϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄fnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄snouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tetn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄senouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄te- nouhb |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarinouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tareknouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarenouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarefnouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ taresnouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarn̄nouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ taretn̄nouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarounouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tare- nouhb |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄terinouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tereknouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄terenouhb, n̄terernouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄terefnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄teresnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tern̄nouhb, n̄terennouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄teretn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄terounouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tere- nouhb |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantinouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantk̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantenouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantf̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šants̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantn̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantetn̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantounouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šante- nouhb |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïšannouhb | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ekšannouhb | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eršannouhb, erešannouhb | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efšannouhb | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esšannouhb | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ enšannouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄šannouhb | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eušannouhb | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eršan- nouhb |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïnouhb | ⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eknouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenouhb | ⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efnouhb | ⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esnouhb | ⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ennouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eunouhb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ere- nouhb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |
| infinitive | affirmative | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nouhb | imperative | affirmative | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nouhb |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tm̄nouhb, tm̄n̄nouhb | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄n̄nouhb |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tinouhb | ⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ knouhb | ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tenouhb | ϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ fnouhb | ⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ snouhb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tn̄nouhb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tetn̄nouhb | ⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ senouhb | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nouhb |
| present | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïnouhb | ⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eknouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenouhb | ⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efnouhb | ⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esnouhb | ⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ennouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eunouhb | ⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ e- nouhb, ere- nouhb |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etinouhb | ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etknouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etenouhb, eterenouhb | ⲉⲧϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etfnouhb | ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etsnouhb | ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etnnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ete- nouhb, etere- nouhb |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ naïnouhb | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ naknouhb | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ narenouhb | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nafnouhb | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nasnouhb | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nannouhb | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ natetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ naunouhb | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ na- nouhb, nare- nouhb |
| present | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ainouhb | ⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aknouhb | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ arenouhb | ⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ afnouhb | ⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ asnouhb | ⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ annouhb | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aretennouhb | ⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aunouhb | ⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲁⲣ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ a- nouhb, ar- nouhb, are- nouhb |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tinanouhb | ⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ knanouhb | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tenanouhb | ϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ fnanouhb | ⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ snanouhb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tn̄nanouhb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tetnanouhb | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ senanouhb | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nanouhb |
| future | circumstantial | circumstantial | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïnanouhb | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eknanouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenanouhb | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efnanouhb | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esnanouhb | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ennanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetnanouhb | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eunanouhb | ⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ e- nanouhb |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etinanouhb | ⲉⲧⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etknanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etenanouhb, eterenanouhb | ⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etfnanouhb | ⲉⲧⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etsnanouhb | ⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etnnanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetnanouhb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etounanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ete- nanouhb |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ naïnanouhb | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ naknanouhb | ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ narenanouhb | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nafnanouhb | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nasnanouhb | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nannanouhb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ netetnanouhb | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ naunanouhb | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ na- nanouhb |
| future | focalising | focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ainanouhb | ⲁⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aknanouhb, eknanouhb | ⲁⲣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aranouhb | ⲁϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ afnanouhb | ⲁⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ asnanouhb | ⲁⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ annanouhb | ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aretennanouhb | ⲁⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aunanouhb | ⲁ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ a- nanouhb, are- nanouhb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en | … ⲉⲛ … en |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aïnouhb | ⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aknouhb | ⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ arnouhb | ⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ afnouhb | ⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ asnouhb | ⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ annouhb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ atetn̄nouhb | ⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aunouhb | ⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ a- nouhb |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pinouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pk̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄penouhb, m̄pr̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pf̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄ps̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄petn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pounouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pe- nouhb |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eaïnouhb | ⲉⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eaknouhb | ⲉⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ earnouhb | ⲉⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eafnouhb | ⲉⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ easnouhb | ⲉⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eannouhb | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eatetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eaunouhb | ⲉⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ea- nouhb |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pinouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pk̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄penouhb, em̄pr̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pf̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄ps̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄petn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pounouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pe- nouhb |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etaïnouhb | ⲉⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etaknouhb | ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etarnouhb | ⲉⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etafnouhb | ⲉⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etasnouhb | ⲉⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etannouhb | ⲉⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etatetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etaunouhb | ⲉⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eta- nouhb |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pinouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pk̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄penouhb, etem̄pr̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pf̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄ps̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄petn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pe- nouhb |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neaïnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neaknouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nearnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neafnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neasnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neannouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neatetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neaunouhb | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nea- nouhb |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pinouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pk̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄penouhb, nem̄pr̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pf̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄ps̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄petn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pounouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pe- nouhb |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ naïnouhb | ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ naknouhb | ⲛⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ narnouhb | ⲛⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nafnouhb | ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nasnouhb | ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nannouhb | ⲛⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ natetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ naunouhb | ⲛⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ na- nouhb |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patinouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patk̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patenouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patf̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pats̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patounouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pate- nouhb |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patinouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patk̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patenouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patf̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pats̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patounouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pate- nouhb |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patinouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patk̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patf̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pats̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pate- nouhb |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patinouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patk̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patenouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patf̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pats̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patounouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pate- nouhb |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ xareïnouhb | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ xareknouhb | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ xarenouhb | ⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ xarefnouhb | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ xaresnouhb | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ xarennouhb | ⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ xaretetn̄nouhb | ⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ xarounouhb | ⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ xare- nouhb |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ maïnouhb | ⲙⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ maknouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marenouhb | ⲙⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mafnouhb | ⲙⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ masnouhb | ⲙⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mannouhb | ⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ matetn̄nouhb | ⲙⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ maunouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲙⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mare- nouhb, ma- nouhb |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ exareïnouhb | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ exareknouhb | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ exarenouhb | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ exarefnouhb | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ exaresnouhb | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ exarennouhb | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ exaretetn̄nouhb | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ exarounouhb | ⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ exare- nouhb |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emaïnouhb | ⲉⲙⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emaknouhb | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emarenouhb | ⲉⲙⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emafnouhb | ⲉⲙⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emasnouhb | ⲉⲙⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emannouhb | ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ematetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emaunouhb | ⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲙⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emare- nouhb, ema- nouhb |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etexareïnouhb, etxareïnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etexareknouhb, etxareknouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etexarenouhb, etxarenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etexarefnouhb, etxarefnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etexaresnouhb, etxaresnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etexarennouhb, etxarennouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etexaretetn̄nouhb, etxaretetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etexarounouhb, etxarounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etexare- nouhb, etxare- nouhb |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemaïnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemaknouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemarenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemafnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemasnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemannouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etematetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemaunouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemare- nouhb, etema- nouhb |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nexareïnouhb | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nexareknouhb | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nexarenouhb | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nexarefnouhb | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nexaresnouhb | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nexarennouhb | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nexaretetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nexarounouhb | ⲛⲉⳉⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nexare- nouhb |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemaïnouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemaknouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemarenouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemafnouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemasnouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemannouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nematetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemaunouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemare- nouhb, nema- nouhb |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲁⲙⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ amaïnouhb | ⲁⲙⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ amaknouhb | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ amarenouhb | ⲁⲙⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ amafnouhb | ⲁⲙⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ amasnouhb | ⲁⲙⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ amannouhb | ⲁⲙⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ amatetn̄nouhb | ⲁⲙⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ amaunouhb | ⲁⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲙⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ amare- nouhb, ma- nouhb |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aïanouhb | ⲁⲕⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ akanouhb | ⲁⲣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aranouhb | ⲁϥⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ afanouhb | ⲁⲥⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ asanouhb | ⲁⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ananouhb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ atetnanouhb | ⲁⲩⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ auanouhb | ⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ a- nouhb |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nanouhb, enanouhb | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neknouhb, eneknouhb | ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nenouhb, enenouhb | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nefnouhb, enefnouhb | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nesnouhb, enesnouhb | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nennouhb, enennouhb | ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ netn̄nouhb, enetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neunouhb, eneunouhb | ⲛⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ne- nouhb |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marinouhb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marefnouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ maresnouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marn̄nouhb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marounouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mare- nouhb |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mn̄tanouhb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mn̄tf̄nouhb | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mn̄ts̄nouhb | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mn̄tn̄nouhb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mn̄tounouhb | ⲙⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mn̄te- nouhb |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥ | ⲁⲛⲁⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛⲉ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tanouhb | ⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ knouhb | ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tenouhb | ϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ fnouhb, n̄tfnouhb | ⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ snouhb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tn̄nouhb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tetn̄nouhb | ⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲥⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ senouhb, sounouhb | ⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ te- nouhb |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarinouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tareknouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarenouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarefnouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ taresnouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarn̄nouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ taretetn̄nouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarounouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tare- nouhb |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tarinouhb, tarinouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tareknouhb, tareknouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tarenouhb, tarenouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tarefnouhb, tarefnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄taresnouhb, taresnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tarn̄nouhb, tarn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄taretn̄nouhb, taretn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tarounouhb, tarounouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tare- nouhb, tare- nouhb |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šatinouhb | ϣⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šatk̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šatenouhb | ϣⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šatf̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šats̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šatn̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šatetn̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šatounouhb | ϣⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šate- nouhb |
| conditional | long | long | ⲁⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aïšanouhb, eïšanouhb | ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ akšanouhb, ekšanouhb | ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ arešanouhb, erešanouhb | ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ afšanouhb, efšanouhb | ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ asšanouhb, esšanouhb | ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ anšanouhb, enšanouhb | ⲁϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ašatetn̄nouhb, ešatetn̄nouhb | ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aušanouhb, eušanouhb | ⲁϣⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aša- nouhb, eša- nouhb |
| conditional | short | short | ⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aïnouhb | ⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aknouhb | ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ arenouhb | ⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ afnouhb | ⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ asnouhb | ⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ annouhb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ atetn̄nouhb | ⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aunouhb | ⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ are- nouhb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- | ⲧⲙ̄-, ⲧⲙ̄ⲛ̄- tm̄-, tm̄n̄- |

##### Derived terms

* ⲛⲁϩⲃ (nahb), ⲛⲁϩⲉⲃ (naheb) — Sahidic
* ⲛⲁϩⲃⲉϥ (nahbef) — Bohairic, Sahidic, Lycopolitan
* ⲛⲁϩⲃϥ (nahbf) — Akhmimic
* ⲛⲉϩⲃⲉϥ (nehbef) — Fayyumic

### Etymology 2
#### Verb

ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ • (nouhb)
* (Sahidic, intransitive) to copulate, to engender
* (Sahidic, transitive) to fertilize

##### Conjugation

| infinitive | affirmative | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nouhb | imperative | affirmative | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nouhb |
| infinitive | negative | ⲧⲙ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tm̄nouhb | imperative | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄nouhb |
| | | | singular | singular | singular | singular | singular | plural | plural | plural | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | 2nd person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| | | | 1st person | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | nominal |
| durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| present | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tinouhb | ⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ knouhb | ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tenouhb | ϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ fnouhb | ⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ snouhb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tn̄nouhb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tetn̄nouhb | ⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ senouhb | ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nouhb |
| present | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïnouhb | ⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eknouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenouhb | ⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efnouhb | ⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esnouhb | ⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ennouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eunouhb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ere- nouhb |
| present | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etinouhb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etk̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etenouhb, eterenouhb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etf̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ets̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etere- nouhb |
| present | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neïnouhb | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neknouhb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nerenouhb | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nefnouhb | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nesnouhb | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nennouhb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ netetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neunouhb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nere- nouhb |
| future | basic | basic | ϯⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tinanouhb | ⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ knanouhb | ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tenanouhb | ϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ fnanouhb | ⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ snanouhb | ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tn̄nanouhb | ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tetnanouhb | ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ senanouhb | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nanouhb |
| future | circumstantial, focalising | circumstantial, focalising | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïnanouhb | ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eknanouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenanouhb | ⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efnanouhb | ⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esnanouhb | ⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ennanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetnanouhb | ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eunanouhb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ere- nanouhb |
| future | relative | relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etinanouhb | ⲉⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etk̄nanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etenanouhb, eterenanouhb | ⲉⲧϥ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etf̄nanouhb | ⲉⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ets̄nanouhb | ⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etn̄nanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetnanouhb | ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etounanouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etere- nanouhb |
| future | preterite | preterite | ⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neïnanouhb | ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neknanouhb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nerenanouhb | ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nefnanouhb | ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nesnanouhb | ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nennanouhb | ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ netetnanouhb | ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neunanouhb | ⲛⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nere- nanouhb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an | (ⲛ̄-) … ⲁⲛ (n̄-) … an |
| non-durative sentence ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| past | basic | affirmative | ⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aïnouhb | ⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aknouhb | ⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ anouhb, arnouhb, arenouhb | ⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ afnouhb | ⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ asnouhb | ⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ annouhb | ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ atetn̄nouhb | ⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ aunouhb | ⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ a- nouhb |
| past | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pinouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pk̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄penouhb, m̄pr̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pf̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄ps̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄petn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pounouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pe- nouhb |
| past | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eaïnouhb | ⲉⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eaknouhb | ⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eanouhb, earnouhb, earenouhb | ⲉⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eafnouhb | ⲉⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ easnouhb | ⲉⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eannouhb | ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eatetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eaunouhb | ⲉⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ea- nouhb |
| past | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pinouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pk̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄penouhb, em̄pr̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pf̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄ps̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄petn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pounouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pe- nouhb |
| past | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entaïnouhb, n̄taïnouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entaknouhb, n̄taknouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entanouhb, n̄tanouhb, entarnouhb, n̄tarnouhb, entarenouhb, n̄tarenouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entafnouhb, n̄tafnouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entasnouhb, n̄tasnouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entannouhb, n̄tannouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entatetn̄nouhb, n̄tatetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ entaunouhb, n̄taunouhb | ⲉⲛⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ enta- nouhb, n̄ta- nouhb |
| past | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pinouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pk̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄penouhb, etem̄pr̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pf̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄ps̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄petn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pe- nouhb |
| past | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neaïnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neaknouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neanouhb, nearnouhb, nearenouhb | ⲛⲉⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neafnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neasnouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neannouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neatetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ neaunouhb | ⲛⲉⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nea- nouhb |
| past | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pinouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pk̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄penouhb, nem̄pr̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pf̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄ps̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄petn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pounouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pe- nouhb |
| past | focalising | affirmative | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄taïnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄taknouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tanouhb, n̄tarnouhb, n̄tarenouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tafnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tasnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tannouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tatetn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄taunouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄ta- nouhb |
| expectative | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patinouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patk̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patenouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patf̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pats̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄patounouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pate- nouhb |
| expectative | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patinouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patk̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patenouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patf̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pats̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄patounouhb | ⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ em̄pate- nouhb |
| expectative | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patinouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patk̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patf̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pats̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄patounouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etem̄pate- nouhb |
| expectative | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patinouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patk̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patenouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patf̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pats̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄patounouhb | ⲛⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nem̄pate- nouhb |
| aorist | basic | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šaïnouhb | ϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šaknouhb | ϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šarenouhb | ϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šafnouhb | ϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šasnouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šannouhb | ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šatetn̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šaunouhb | ϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šare- nouhb |
| aorist | basic | negative | ⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ meïnouhb | ⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ meknouhb | ⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ merenouhb | ⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mefnouhb | ⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mesnouhb | ⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mennouhb | ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ metetn̄nouhb | ⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ meunouhb | ⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mere- nouhb |
| aorist | circumstantial | affirmative | ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešaïnouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešaknouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešarenouhb | ⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešafnouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešasnouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešannouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešatetn̄nouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešaunouhb | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ešare- nouhb |
| aorist | circumstantial | negative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeïnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeknouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emerenouhb | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emefnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emesnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emennouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emetetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeunouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emere- nouhb |
| aorist | relative | affirmative | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešaïnouhb, ešaïnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešaknouhb, ešaknouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešarenouhb, ešarenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešafnouhb, ešafnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešasnouhb, ešasnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešannouhb, ešannouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešatetn̄nouhb, ešatetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešaunouhb, ešaunouhb | ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etešare- nouhb, ešare- nouhb |
| aorist | relative | negative | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemeïnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemeknouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemerenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemefnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemesnouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemennouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemetetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemeunouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etemere- nouhb |
| aorist | preterite | affirmative | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešaïnouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešaknouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešarenouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešafnouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešasnouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešannouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešatetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešaunouhb | ⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nešare- nouhb |
| aorist | preterite | negative | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemeïnouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemeknouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemerenouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemefnouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemesnouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemennouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemetetn̄nouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemeunouhb | ⲛⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ nemere- nouhb |
| aorist | focalising | affirmative | ⲉⲙⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeïnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeknouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emerenouhb | ⲉⲙⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emefnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emesnouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emennouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emetetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emeunouhb | ⲉⲙⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ emere- nouhb |
| optative | basic | affirmative | ⲉⲓ̈ⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïenouhb | ⲉⲕⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ekenouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenouhb | ⲉϥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efenouhb | ⲉⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esenouhb | ⲉⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ enenouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetnenouhb | ⲉⲩⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ euenouhb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ere- nouhb |
| optative | basic | negative | ⲛ̄ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nanouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄neknouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nenouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nefnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nesnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄nennouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄netn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄neunouhb | ⲛ̄ⲛⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄ne- nouhb |
| jussive | basic | affirmative | ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marinouhb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marefnouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ maresnouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marn̄nouhb | (use imperative) | ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ marounouhb | ⲙⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ mare- nouhb |
| jussive | basic | negative | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄tranouhb | (use imperative) | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄trefnouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄tresnouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄trennouhb | (use imperative) | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄treunouhb | ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ m̄pr̄tre- nouhb |
| subordinate clause ||||||||||||
| | | | ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲕ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧⲛ̄ | ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲟⲩ | - |
| conjunctive | conjunctive | conjunctive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲧⲁⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tanouhb, tanouhb | ⲛ̄ⲅⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄gnouhb, n̄knouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tenouhb | ⲛ̄ϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄fnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄snouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tetn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄senouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄te- nouhb |
| future conjunctive | future conjunctive | future conjunctive | ⲧⲁⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarinouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tareknouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarenouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarefnouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ taresnouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarn̄nouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ taretn̄nouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tarounouhb | ⲧⲁⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ tare- nouhb |
| precursive | precursive | precursive | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄terinouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tereknouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲣⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄terenouhb, n̄terernouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄terefnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄teresnouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tern̄nouhb, n̄terennouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄teretn̄nouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄terounouhb | ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ n̄tere- nouhb |
| limitative | limitative | limitative | ϣⲁⲛϯⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantinouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantk̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantenouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧϥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantf̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šants̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantn̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantetn̄nouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šantounouhb | ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ šante- nouhb |
| conditional | long | long | ⲉⲓ̈ϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïšannouhb | ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ekšannouhb | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ, ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eršannouhb, erešannouhb | ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efšannouhb | ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esšannouhb | ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ enšannouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄šannouhb | ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eušannouhb | ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eršan- nouhb |
| conditional | short | short | ⲉⲓ̈ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eïnouhb | ⲉⲕⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eknouhb | ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ erenouhb | ⲉϥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ efnouhb | ⲉⲥⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ esnouhb | ⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ennouhb | ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛ̄ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ etetn̄nouhb | ⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ eunouhb | ⲉⲣⲉ- ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ ere- nouhb |
| negated with | negated with | negated with | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- | ⲧⲙ̄- tm̄- |

### References

* Marcion Coptic dictionary
* TLA lemma no. C2655 (ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),
* TLA lemma no. C2659 (ⲛⲟⲩϩⲃ), in: Coptic Dictionary Online, ed. by the Koptische/Coptic Electronic Language and Literature International Alliance (KELLIA),