# 出家
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): chūjiā
    (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨ ㄐㄧㄚ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot$^1$ gaa$^1$
* Gan (Wiktionary): ciit$^6$ ga$^1$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhut-kâ
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): chhut-ke
    (Teochew, Peng'im): cug$^4$ gê$^1$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: chūjiā
*** Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄐㄧㄚ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: chujia
*** Wade–Giles: chʻu$^1$-chia$^1$
*** Yale: chū-jyā
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chujia
*** Palladius: чуцзя (čuczja)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: ceot$^1$ gaa$^1$
*** Yale: chēut gā
*** Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet$^7$ gaa$^1$
*** Guangdong Romanization: cêd$^1$ ga$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ kaː⁵⁵/
* Gan
** (Nanchang)
*** Wiktionary: ciit$^6$ ga$^1$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰɨt̚⁵ ka⁴²/
* Hakka
** (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhut-kâ
*** Hakka Romanization System: cud$^ˋ$ ga$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: cud$^5$ ga$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰut̚² ka²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut-ke
*** Tâi-lô: tshut-ke
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zhutkef
*** IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ ke³³/
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ ke⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: cug$^4$ gê$^1$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshuk ke
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡sʰuk̚²⁻⁴ ke³³/
* Middle Chinese: tsyhwijH|tsyhwit kae
Rime :
| Character | 出 | 出 | 家 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) | 昌 (24) | 見 (28) |
| Final (韻) | 脂 (16) | 術 (52) | 麻 (98) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | II |
| Fanqie | 尺類切 | 赤律切 | 古牙切 |
| Baxter | tsyhwijH | tsyhwit | kae |
| Reconstructions ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /t͡ɕʰiuɪ$^H$/ | /t͡ɕʰiuɪt̚/ | /kˠa/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /t͡ɕʰʷi$^H$/ | /t͡ɕʰʷit̚/ | /kᵚa/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /t͡ɕʰjuɪ$^H$/ | /t͡ɕʰjuet̚/ | /ka/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /cʰwi$^H$/ | /cʰwit̚/ | /kaɨ/ |
| Li Rong | /t͡ɕʰui$^H$/ | /t͡ɕʰiuĕt̚/ | /ka/ |
| Wang Li | /t͡ɕʰwi$^H$/ | /t͡ɕʰĭuĕt̚/ | /ka/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /t͡ɕʰwi$^H$/ | /t͡ɕʰi̯uĕt̚/ | /ka/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | chuì | chu | jiā |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | ceoi$^3$ | ceot$^1$ | gaa$^1$ |

### Verb

出⫽家 (verb-object)
* (intransitive, Buddhism, Taoism) to leave home to become monk or nun
    From: 659 CE, Li Dashi and Li Yanshou, History of the Southern Dynasties
    Zìjīn gōngsī jiē bùdé chūjiā wéi dào, jí qǐlì tǎ sì, yǐ zhái wéi jīngshè, bìng yán duàn zhī. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

#### Antonyms

* 在家 (zàijiā)

#### Derived terms

* 出家人 (chūjiārén)
* 半路出家 (bànlùchūjiā)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 出(しゅっ)家(け) (shukke)
* → Korean: 출가(出家) (chulga)
* → Vietnamese: xuất gia (出家)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 出 | 家 |
| しゅつ > しゅっ Grade: 1 | け Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi ||

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) しゅっけ [shùkké] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ɕɨk̚ke̞]

### Noun

出(しゅっ)家(け) • (shukke)
* (Buddhist) priest, bonze

### Verb

出(しゅっ)家(け)する • (shukke suru) intransitive suru (stem 出(しゅっ)家(け)し (shukke shi), past 出(しゅっ)家(け)した (shukke shita))
* to leave home to become a Buddhist monk or nun
    Antonym: 在家 (zaike)

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 出家し | しゅっけし | shukke shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 出家し | しゅっけし | shukke shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 出家する | しゅっけする | shukke suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 出家する | しゅっけする | shukke suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 出家すれ | しゅっけすれ | shukke sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 出家せよ¹ 出家しろ² | しゅっけせよ¹ しゅっけしろ² | shukke seyo¹ shukke shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 出家される | しゅっけされる | shukke sareru |
| Causative | 出家させる 出家さす | しゅっけさせる しゅっけさす | shukke saseru shukke sasu |
| Potential | 出家できる | しゅっけできる | shukke dekiru |
| Volitional | 出家しよう | しゅっけしよう | shukke shiyō |
| Negative | 出家しない | しゅっけしない | shukke shinai |
| Negative continuative | 出家せず | しゅっけせず | shukke sezu |
| Formal | 出家します | しゅっけします | shukke shimasu |
| Perfective | 出家した | しゅっけした | shukke shita |
| Conjunctive | 出家して | しゅっけして | shukke shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 出家すれば | しゅっけすれば | shukke sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 出 | 家 |

### Noun

出家 • (chulga) (hangeul 출가)
* hanja form of 출가