# vuthwa
## Xhosa
### Etymology

From -vutha +‎ -wa.

### Verb

-vûthwa
* to be ripe

#### Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

## Zulu
### Etymology

From -vutha +‎ -wa.

### Verb

-vûthwa
* (intransitive) to mature, to ripen, to mellow
* (intransitive) to be well cooked

#### Inflection

Tone HH :
| Infinitive | ukuvuthwa |
| | Positive | Negative |
| Infinitive | ukuvuthwa | ukungavuthwa |
| | Imperative | Imperative |
| | Simple | + object concord |
| Singular | vuthwa | -vuthwe |
| Plural | vuthwani | -vuthweni |
| | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present | Present |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyavuthwa, ngivuthwa | engivuthwayo, engivuthwa | ngivuthwa | angivuthwa | engingavuthwa | ngingavuthwa |
| 2nd singular | uyavuthwa, uvuthwa | ovuthwayo, ovuthwa | uvuthwa | awuvuthwa | ongavuthwa | ungavuthwa |
| 1st plural | siyavuthwa, sivuthwa | esivuthwayo, esivuthwa | sivuthwa | asivuthwa | esingavuthwa | singavuthwa |
| 2nd plural | niyavuthwa, nivuthwa | enivuthwayo, enivuthwa | nivuthwa | anivuthwa | eningavuthwa | ningavuthwa |
| Class 1 | uyavuthwa, uvuthwa | ovuthwayo, ovuthwa | evuthwa | akavuthwa | ongavuthwa | engavuthwa |
| Class 2 | bayavuthwa, bavuthwa | abavuthwayo, abavuthwa | bevuthwa | abavuthwa | abangavuthwa | bengavuthwa |
| Class 3 | uyavuthwa, uvuthwa | ovuthwayo, ovuthwa | uvuthwa | awuvuthwa | ongavuthwa | ungavuthwa |
| Class 4 | iyavuthwa, ivuthwa | evuthwayo, evuthwa | ivuthwa | ayivuthwa | engavuthwa | ingavuthwa |
| Class 5 | liyavuthwa, livuthwa | elivuthwayo, elivuthwa | livuthwa | alivuthwa | elingavuthwa | lingavuthwa |
| Class 6 | ayavuthwa, avuthwa | avuthwayo, avuthwa | evuthwa | awavuthwa | angavuthwa | engavuthwa |
| Class 7 | siyavuthwa, sivuthwa | esivuthwayo, esivuthwa | sivuthwa | asivuthwa | esingavuthwa | singavuthwa |
| Class 8 | ziyavuthwa, zivuthwa | ezivuthwayo, ezivuthwa | zivuthwa | azivuthwa | ezingavuthwa | zingavuthwa |
| Class 9 | iyavuthwa, ivuthwa | evuthwayo, evuthwa | ivuthwa | ayivuthwa | engavuthwa | ingavuthwa |
| Class 10 | ziyavuthwa, zivuthwa | ezivuthwayo, ezivuthwa | zivuthwa | azivuthwa | ezingavuthwa | zingavuthwa |
| Class 11 | luyavuthwa, luvuthwa | oluvuthwayo, oluvuthwa | luvuthwa | aluvuthwa | olungavuthwa | lungavuthwa |
| Class 14 | buyavuthwa, buvuthwa | obuvuthwayo, obuvuthwa | buvuthwa | abuvuthwa | obungavuthwa | bungavuthwa |
| Class 15 | kuyavuthwa, kuvuthwa | okuvuthwayo, okuvuthwa | kuvuthwa | akuvuthwa | okungavuthwa | kungavuthwa |
| Class 17 | kuyavuthwa, kuvuthwa | okuvuthwayo, okuvuthwa | kuvuthwa | akuvuthwa | okungavuthwa | kungavuthwa |
| | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past | Recent past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngivuthiwe, ngivuthwē | engivuthiwe, engivuthwē | ngivuthiwe, ngivuthwē | angivuthwanga | engingavuthwanga | ngingavuthwanga |
| 2nd singular | uvuthiwe, uvuthwē | ovuthiwe, ovuthwē | uvuthiwe, uvuthwē | awuvuthwanga | ongavuthwanga | ungavuthwanga |
| 1st plural | sivuthiwe, sivuthwē | esivuthiwe, esivuthwē | sivuthiwe, sivuthwē | asivuthwanga | esingavuthwanga | singavuthwanga |
| 2nd plural | nivuthiwe, nivuthwē | enivuthiwe, enivuthwē | nivuthiwe, nivuthwē | anivuthwanga | eningavuthwanga | ningavuthwanga |
| Class 1 | uvuthiwe, uvuthwē | ovuthiwe, ovuthwē | evuthiwe, evuthwē | akavuthwanga | ongavuthwanga | engavuthwanga |
| Class 2 | bavuthiwe, bavuthwē | abavuthiwe, abavuthwē | bevuthiwe, bevuthwē | abavuthwanga | abangavuthwanga | bengavuthwanga |
| Class 3 | uvuthiwe, uvuthwē | ovuthiwe, ovuthwē | uvuthiwe, uvuthwē | awuvuthwanga | ongavuthwanga | ungavuthwanga |
| Class 4 | ivuthiwe, ivuthwē | evuthiwe, evuthwē | ivuthiwe, ivuthwē | ayivuthwanga | engavuthwanga | ingavuthwanga |
| Class 5 | livuthiwe, livuthwē | elivuthiwe, elivuthwē | livuthiwe, livuthwē | alivuthwanga | elingavuthwanga | lingavuthwanga |
| Class 6 | avuthiwe, avuthwē | avuthiwe, avuthwē | evuthiwe, evuthwē | awavuthwanga | angavuthwanga | engavuthwanga |
| Class 7 | sivuthiwe, sivuthwē | esivuthiwe, esivuthwē | sivuthiwe, sivuthwē | asivuthwanga | esingavuthwanga | singavuthwanga |
| Class 8 | zivuthiwe, zivuthwē | ezivuthiwe, ezivuthwē | zivuthiwe, zivuthwē | azivuthwanga | ezingavuthwanga | zingavuthwanga |
| Class 9 | ivuthiwe, ivuthwē | evuthiwe, evuthwē | ivuthiwe, ivuthwē | ayivuthwanga | engavuthwanga | ingavuthwanga |
| Class 10 | zivuthiwe, zivuthwē | ezivuthiwe, ezivuthwē | zivuthiwe, zivuthwē | azivuthwanga | ezingavuthwanga | zingavuthwanga |
| Class 11 | luvuthiwe, luvuthwē | oluvuthiwe, oluvuthwē | luvuthiwe, luvuthwē | aluvuthwanga | olungavuthwanga | lungavuthwanga |
| Class 14 | buvuthiwe, buvuthwē | obuvuthiwe, obuvuthwē | buvuthiwe, buvuthwē | abuvuthwanga | obungavuthwanga | bungavuthwanga |
| Class 15 | kuvuthiwe, kuvuthwē | okuvuthiwe, okuvuthwē | kuvuthiwe, kuvuthwē | akuvuthwanga | okungavuthwanga | kungavuthwanga |
| Class 17 | kuvuthiwe, kuvuthwē | okuvuthiwe, okuvuthwē | kuvuthiwe, kuvuthwē | akuvuthwanga | okungavuthwanga | kungavuthwanga |
| | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past | Remote past |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngāvuthwa | engāvuthwa | ngāvuthwa | angivuthwanga | engingavuthwanga | ngingavuthwanga |
| 2nd singular | wāvuthwa | owāvuthwa | wāvuthwa | awuvuthwanga | ongavuthwanga | ungavuthwanga |
| 1st plural | sāvuthwa | esāvuthwa | sāvuthwa | asivuthwanga | esingavuthwanga | singavuthwanga |
| 2nd plural | nāvuthwa | enāvuthwa | nāvuthwa | anivuthwanga | eningavuthwanga | ningavuthwanga |
| Class 1 | wāvuthwa | owāvuthwa | āvuthwa | akavuthwanga | ongavuthwanga | engavuthwanga |
| Class 2 | bāvuthwa | abāvuthwa | bāvuthwa | abavuthwanga | abangavuthwanga | bengavuthwanga |
| Class 3 | wāvuthwa | owāvuthwa | wāvuthwa | awuvuthwanga | ongavuthwanga | ungavuthwanga |
| Class 4 | yāvuthwa | eyāvuthwa | yāvuthwa | ayivuthwanga | engavuthwanga | ingavuthwanga |
| Class 5 | lāvuthwa | elāvuthwa | lāvuthwa | alivuthwanga | elingavuthwanga | lingavuthwanga |
| Class 6 | āvuthwa | āvuthwa | āvuthwa | awavuthwanga | angavuthwanga | engavuthwanga |
| Class 7 | sāvuthwa | esāvuthwa | sāvuthwa | asivuthwanga | esingavuthwanga | singavuthwanga |
| Class 8 | zāvuthwa | ezāvuthwa | zāvuthwa | azivuthwanga | ezingavuthwanga | zingavuthwanga |
| Class 9 | yāvuthwa | eyāvuthwa | yāvuthwa | ayivuthwanga | engavuthwanga | ingavuthwanga |
| Class 10 | zāvuthwa | ezāvuthwa | zāvuthwa | azivuthwanga | ezingavuthwanga | zingavuthwanga |
| Class 11 | lwāvuthwa | olwāvuthwa | lwāvuthwa | aluvuthwanga | olungavuthwanga | lungavuthwanga |
| Class 14 | bāvuthwa | obāvuthwa | bāvuthwa | abuvuthwanga | obungavuthwanga | bungavuthwanga |
| Class 15 | kwāvuthwa | okwāvuthwa | kwāvuthwa | akuvuthwanga | okungavuthwanga | kungavuthwanga |
| Class 17 | kwāvuthwa | okwāvuthwa | kwāvuthwa | akuvuthwanga | okungavuthwanga | kungavuthwanga |
| | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential | Potential |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngingavuthwa | — | ngingavuthwa | ngingevuthwe | — | ngingevuthwe |
| 2nd singular | ungavuthwa | — | ungavuthwa | ungevuthwe | — | ungevuthwe |
| 1st plural | singavuthwa | — | singavuthwa | singevuthwe | — | singevuthwe |
| 2nd plural | ningavuthwa | — | ningavuthwa | ningevuthwe | — | ningevuthwe |
| Class 1 | angavuthwa | — | engavuthwa | angevuthwe | — | engevuthwe |
| Class 2 | bangavuthwa | — | bengavuthwa | bangevuthwe | — | bengevuthwe |
| Class 3 | ungavuthwa | — | ungavuthwa | ungevuthwe | — | ungevuthwe |
| Class 4 | ingavuthwa | — | ingavuthwa | ingevuthwe | — | ingevuthwe |
| Class 5 | lingavuthwa | — | lingavuthwa | lingevuthwe | — | lingevuthwe |
| Class 6 | angavuthwa | — | engavuthwa | angevuthwe | — | engevuthwe |
| Class 7 | singavuthwa | — | singavuthwa | singevuthwe | — | singevuthwe |
| Class 8 | zingavuthwa | — | zingavuthwa | zingevuthwe | — | zingevuthwe |
| Class 9 | ingavuthwa | — | ingavuthwa | ingevuthwe | — | ingevuthwe |
| Class 10 | zingavuthwa | — | zingavuthwa | zingevuthwe | — | zingevuthwe |
| Class 11 | lungavuthwa | — | lungavuthwa | lungevuthwe | — | lungevuthwe |
| Class 14 | bungavuthwa | — | bungavuthwa | bungevuthwe | — | bungevuthwe |
| Class 15 | kungavuthwa | — | kungavuthwa | kungevuthwe | — | kungevuthwe |
| Class 17 | kungavuthwa | — | kungavuthwa | kungevuthwe | — | kungevuthwe |
| | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future | Immediate future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngizovuthwa | engizovuthwa | ngizovuthwa | angizuvuthwa | engingezuvuthwa | ngingezuvuthwa |
| 2nd singular | uzovuthwa | ozovuthwa | uzovuthwa | awuzuvuthwa | ongezuvuthwa | ungezuvuthwa |
| 1st plural | sizovuthwa | esizovuthwa | sizovuthwa | asizuvuthwa | esingezuvuthwa | singezuvuthwa |
| 2nd plural | nizovuthwa | enizovuthwa | nizovuthwa | anizuvuthwa | eningezuvuthwa | ningezuvuthwa |
| Class 1 | uzovuthwa | ozovuthwa | ezovuthwa | akazuvuthwa | ongezuvuthwa | engezuvuthwa |
| Class 2 | bazovuthwa | abazovuthwa | bezovuthwa | abazuvuthwa | abangezuvuthwa | bengezuvuthwa |
| Class 3 | uzovuthwa | ozovuthwa | uzovuthwa | awuzuvuthwa | ongezuvuthwa | ungezuvuthwa |
| Class 4 | izovuthwa | ezovuthwa | izovuthwa | ayizuvuthwa | engezuvuthwa | ingezuvuthwa |
| Class 5 | lizovuthwa | elizovuthwa | lizovuthwa | alizuvuthwa | elingezuvuthwa | lingezuvuthwa |
| Class 6 | azovuthwa | azovuthwa | ezovuthwa | awazuvuthwa | angezuvuthwa | engezuvuthwa |
| Class 7 | sizovuthwa | esizovuthwa | sizovuthwa | asizuvuthwa | esingezuvuthwa | singezuvuthwa |
| Class 8 | zizovuthwa | ezizovuthwa | zizovuthwa | azizuvuthwa | ezingezuvuthwa | zingezuvuthwa |
| Class 9 | izovuthwa | ezovuthwa | izovuthwa | ayizuvuthwa | engezuvuthwa | ingezuvuthwa |
| Class 10 | zizovuthwa | ezizovuthwa | zizovuthwa | azizuvuthwa | ezingezuvuthwa | zingezuvuthwa |
| Class 11 | luzovuthwa | oluzovuthwa | luzovuthwa | aluzuvuthwa | olungezuvuthwa | lungezuvuthwa |
| Class 14 | buzovuthwa | obuzovuthwa | buzovuthwa | abuzuvuthwa | obungezuvuthwa | bungezuvuthwa |
| Class 15 | kuzovuthwa | okuzovuthwa | kuzovuthwa | akuzuvuthwa | okungezuvuthwa | kungezuvuthwa |
| Class 17 | kuzovuthwa | okuzovuthwa | kuzovuthwa | akuzuvuthwa | okungezuvuthwa | kungezuvuthwa |
| | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future | Remote future |
| | Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial |
| 1st singular | ngiyovuthwa | engiyovuthwa | ngiyovuthwa | angiyuvuthwa | engingeyuvuthwa | ngingeyuvuthwa |
| 2nd singular | uyovuthwa | oyovuthwa | uyovuthwa | awuyuvuthwa | ongeyuvuthwa | ungeyuvuthwa |
| 1st plural | siyovuthwa | esiyovuthwa | siyovuthwa | asiyuvuthwa | esingeyuvuthwa | singeyuvuthwa |
| 2nd plural | niyovuthwa | eniyovuthwa | niyovuthwa | aniyuvuthwa | eningeyuvuthwa | ningeyuvuthwa |
| Class 1 | uyovuthwa | oyovuthwa | eyovuthwa | akayuvuthwa | ongeyuvuthwa | engeyuvuthwa |
| Class 2 | bayovuthwa | abayovuthwa | beyovuthwa | abayuvuthwa | abangeyuvuthwa | bengeyuvuthwa |
| Class 3 | uyovuthwa | oyovuthwa | uyovuthwa | awuyuvuthwa | ongeyuvuthwa | ungeyuvuthwa |
| Class 4 | iyovuthwa | eyovuthwa | iyovuthwa | ayiyuvuthwa | engeyuvuthwa | ingeyuvuthwa |
| Class 5 | liyovuthwa | eliyovuthwa | liyovuthwa | aliyuvuthwa | elingeyuvuthwa | lingeyuvuthwa |
| Class 6 | ayovuthwa | ayovuthwa | eyovuthwa | awayuvuthwa | angeyuvuthwa | engeyuvuthwa |
| Class 7 | siyovuthwa | esiyovuthwa | siyovuthwa | asiyuvuthwa | esingeyuvuthwa | singeyuvuthwa |
| Class 8 | ziyovuthwa | eziyovuthwa | ziyovuthwa | aziyuvuthwa | ezingeyuvuthwa | zingeyuvuthwa |
| Class 9 | iyovuthwa | eyovuthwa | iyovuthwa | ayiyuvuthwa | engeyuvuthwa | ingeyuvuthwa |
| Class 10 | ziyovuthwa | eziyovuthwa | ziyovuthwa | aziyuvuthwa | ezingeyuvuthwa | zingeyuvuthwa |
| Class 11 | luyovuthwa | oluyovuthwa | luyovuthwa | aluyuvuthwa | olungeyuvuthwa | lungeyuvuthwa |
| Class 14 | buyovuthwa | obuyovuthwa | buyovuthwa | abuyuvuthwa | obungeyuvuthwa | bungeyuvuthwa |
| Class 15 | kuyovuthwa | okuyovuthwa | kuyovuthwa | akuyuvuthwa | okungeyuvuthwa | kungeyuvuthwa |
| Class 17 | kuyovuthwa | okuyovuthwa | kuyovuthwa | akuyuvuthwa | okungeyuvuthwa | kungeyuvuthwa |
| | Present subjunctive | Present subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngivuthwe | ngingavuthwa |
| 2nd singular | uvuthwe | ungavuthwa |
| 1st plural | sivuthwe | singavuthwa |
| 2nd plural | nivuthwe | ningavuthwa |
| Class 1 | avuthwe | angavuthwa |
| Class 2 | bavuthwe | bangavuthwa |
| Class 3 | uvuthwe | ungavuthwa |
| Class 4 | ivuthwe | ingavuthwa |
| Class 5 | livuthwe | lingavuthwa |
| Class 6 | avuthwe | angavuthwa |
| Class 7 | sivuthwe | singavuthwa |
| Class 8 | zivuthwe | zingavuthwa |
| Class 9 | ivuthwe | ingavuthwa |
| Class 10 | zivuthwe | zingavuthwa |
| Class 11 | luvuthwe | lungavuthwa |
| Class 14 | buvuthwe | bungavuthwa |
| Class 15 | kuvuthwe | kungavuthwa |
| Class 17 | kuvuthwe | kungavuthwa |
| | Past subjunctive | Past subjunctive |
| | Positive | Negative |
| 1st singular | ngavuthwa | ngangavuthwa, angavuthwa, angangavuthwa |
| 2nd singular | wavuthwa | wangavuthwa, awavuthwa, awangavuthwa |
| 1st plural | savuthwa | sangavuthwa, asavuthwa, asangavuthwa |
| 2nd plural | navuthwa | nangavuthwa, anavuthwa, anangavuthwa |
| Class 1 | wavuthwa | wangavuthwa, akavuthwa, akangavuthwa |
| Class 2 | bavuthwa | bangavuthwa, abavuthwa, abangavuthwa |
| Class 3 | wavuthwa | wangavuthwa, awavuthwa, awangavuthwa |
| Class 4 | yavuthwa | yangavuthwa, ayavuthwa, ayangavuthwa |
| Class 5 | lavuthwa | langavuthwa, alavuthwa, alangavuthwa |
| Class 6 | avuthwa | angavuthwa, awavuthwa, awangavuthwa |
| Class 7 | savuthwa | sangavuthwa, asavuthwa, asangavuthwa |
| Class 8 | zavuthwa | zangavuthwa, azavuthwa, azangavuthwa |
| Class 9 | yavuthwa | yangavuthwa, ayavuthwa, ayangavuthwa |
| Class 10 | zavuthwa | zangavuthwa, azavuthwa, azangavuthwa |
| Class 11 | lwavuthwa | lwangavuthwa, alwavuthwa, alwangavuthwa |
| Class 14 | bavuthwa | bangavuthwa, abavuthwa, abangavuthwa |
| Class 15 | kwavuthwa | kwangavuthwa, akwavuthwa, akwangavuthwa |
| Class 17 | kwavuthwa | kwangavuthwa, akwavuthwa, akwangavuthwa |

### References

* C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “vuthwa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “vuthwa (3.9)”