# 海嘯
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): hǎixiào
    (Zhuyin): ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄠˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): hoi$^2$ siu$^3$ / hoi$^2$ siu$^6$
* Southern Min
    (Hokkien, POJ): hái-siàu
    (Teochew, Peng'im): hai$^2$ sao$^3$
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: hǎixiào
*** Zhuyin: ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄠˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: hǎisiào
*** Wade–Giles: hai$^3$-hsiao$^4$
*** Yale: hǎi-syàu
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: haeshiaw
*** Palladius: хайсяо (xajsjao)
*** Sinological IPA : /xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: hoi$^2$ siu$^3$ / hoi$^2$ siu$^6$
*** Yale: hói siu / hói siuh
*** Cantonese Pinyin: hoi$^2$ siu$^3$ / hoi$^2$ siu$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: hoi$^2$ xiu$^3$ / hoi$^2$ xiu$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯³³/, /hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hái-siàu
*** Tâi-lô: hái-siàu
*** Phofsit Daibuun: haysiaux
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ siau⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siau²¹/
** (Teochew)
*** Peng'im: hai$^2$ sao$^3$
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hái sàu
*** Sinological IPA : /hai⁵²⁻³⁵ sau²¹³/

### Noun

海嘯
* tsunami

#### Synonyms

| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 海嘯 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 海嘯 |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Singapore | 海嘯 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 海嘯 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 海亂 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 海漲, 滾蛟龍 verb, 起蛟龍 verb |
| Southern Min | Quanzhou | 海漲 |
| Southern Min | Leizhou | 海吼 |

#### Derived terms

* 大海嘯／大海啸 (dàhǎixiào)
* 氣象海嘯／气象海啸 (qìxiàng hǎixiào)

#### Descendants

* → Japanese: 海嘯(かいしょう) (kaishō)
* → Korean: 해소(海嘯) (haeso)
Others:
* → Zhuang: haijsiu

## Japanese
### Etymology 1

Kanji in this term :
| 海 | 嘯 |
| かい Grade: 2 | しょう Hyōgai |
| on'yomi ||
* Alternative spellings
* 海嘯 (kyūjitai) 海嘨 (extended shinjitai)
/kaiseu/ → /kaiɕeu/ → /kaiɕoː/
From Middle Chinese compound 海嘯／海啸 (xoj$^X$ sew$^H$, literally “sea, ocean + to roar, to wail”), with the latter character in reference to the sound of the rushing water during a tidal bore. Compare modern Mandarin reading hǎixiào.

#### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) かいしょー [kàíshóó] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [ka̠iɕo̞ː]

#### Noun

海(かい)嘯(しょう) • (kaishō)
* a tidal bore
* a tsunami, a tidal wave

### Etymology 2

Kanji in this term :
| 海 | 嘯 |
| Grade: 2 | Hyōgai |
| jukujikun ||
* Alternative spellings
* 海嘯 (kyūjitai) 海嘨 (extended shinjitai)
Compound of 津 (tsu, “cove, inlet, outlet”) +‎ 波 (nami, “wave”).
The spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓).

#### Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 海嘯 – see the following entry. :
| 【津波つなみ】 | [noun] [from early 1600s] (oceanography) a tsunami; a tidal wave [noun] 海嘯: (hydrology, rare) a tidal bore [noun] (hydrology, rare) a storm surge Alternative spellings 津浪, 海嘨 |
(This term, 海嘯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) :

### References

* 1 2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
* ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

## Korean

Hanja in this term :
| 海 | 嘯 |

### Noun

海嘯 • (haeso) (hangeul 해소)
* hanja form of 해소