# 保養
## Chinese
### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): bǎoyǎng
    (Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˇ ㄧㄤˇ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): bou$^2$ joeng$^5$
* Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pó-yông
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pó-ióng / pó-iáng
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: bǎoyǎng [Phonetic: báoyǎng]
*** Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˇ ㄧㄤˇ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: bǎoyǎng
*** Wade–Giles: pao$^3$-yang$^3$
*** Yale: bǎu-yǎng
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baoyeang
*** Palladius: баоян (baojan)
*** Sinological IPA : /pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: bou$^2$ joeng$^5$
*** Yale: bóu yéuhng
*** Cantonese Pinyin: bou$^2$ joeng$^5$
*** Guangdong Romanization: bou$^2$ yêng$^5$
*** Sinological IPA : /pou̯³⁵ jœːŋ¹³/
*** Homophones: $^{edit}$保養／保养 補養／补养
* Hakka
** (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-yông
*** Hakka Romanization System: bo$^ˋ$ iong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bo$^3$ yong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /po³¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/
** (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
*** Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pó-yông
*** Hakka Romanization System: bo$^ˋ$ (r)iong$^ˊ$
*** Hagfa Pinyim: bo$^3$ yong$^1$
*** Sinological IPA: /po³¹ (j)i̯oŋ²⁴/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-ióng
*** Tâi-lô: pó-ióng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: poyiorng
*** IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iɔŋ⁵³/
*** IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ iɔŋ⁴¹/
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ iɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
** (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó-iáng
*** Tâi-lô: pó-iáng
*** Phofsit Daibuun: poyiarng
*** IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ iaŋ⁵³/

### Verb

保養
* to maintain one's health; to keep fit
* to keep (a vehicle, machinery, etc.) in good repair; to maintain

#### Synonyms

* (to maintain one's health):
* 保養身體／保养身体 (bǎoyǎng shēntǐ)
* 攝／摄 (literary, or in compounds)
* 攝生／摄生 (shèshēng) (literary)
* 攝衛／摄卫 (shèwèi) (literary)
* 攝養／摄养 (shèyǎng) (literary)
* 頤養／颐养 (yíyǎng) (literary)
* 養生／养生
* (to keep in good repair):
* 修 (xiū)
* 修理 (xiūlǐ)
* 修補／修补 (xiūbǔ)
* 拾掇 (shíduo) (colloquial)
* 擺劃／摆划 (bǎihua) (regional)
* 擺弄／摆弄 (colloquial)
* 收拾
* 整 (zhěng)
* 整治 (zhěngzhì)
* 檢修／检修 (jiǎnxiū)
* 維修／维修 (wéixiū)
* 補／补 (bǔ)
* 補修／补修 (bǔxiū)

## Japanese

Kanji in this term :
| 保 | 養 |
| ほ Grade: 5 | よう Grade: 4 |
| on'yomi ||

### Noun

保(ほ)養(よう) • (hoyō)
* comfort, nurture, recuperation, rest
    目(め)の保養(ほよう)になる。
       Me no hoyō ni naru.
       This is a pleasure for the eyes.
* recreation

### Verb

保(ほ)養(よう)する • (hoyō suru) suru (stem 保(ほ)養(よう)し (hoyō shi), past 保(ほ)養(よう)した (hoyō shita))
* recuperate
* to rest, to relax

#### Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") :
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 保養し | ほようし | hoyō shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 保養し | ほようし | hoyō shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 保養する | ほようする | hoyō suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 保養する | ほようする | hoyō suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 保養すれ | ほようすれ | hoyō sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 保養せよ¹ 保養しろ² | ほようせよ¹ ほようしろ² | hoyō seyo¹ hoyō shiro² |
| Key constructions ||||
| Passive | 保養される | ほようされる | hoyō sareru |
| Causative | 保養させる 保養さす | ほようさせる ほようさす | hoyō saseru hoyō sasu |
| Potential | 保養できる | ほようできる | hoyō dekiru |
| Volitional | 保養しよう | ほようしよう | hoyō shiyō |
| Negative | 保養しない | ほようしない | hoyō shinai |
| Negative continuative | 保養せず | ほようせず | hoyō sezu |
| Formal | 保養します | ほようします | hoyō shimasu |
| Perfective | 保養した | ほようした | hoyō shita |
| Conjunctive | 保養して | ほようして | hoyō shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 保養すれば | ほようすれば | hoyō sureba |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ||||

### References

* 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.