# 砦

| 砦 | U+7826, &#30758; CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7826 |
| ← 砥 [U+7825] | CJK Unified Ideographs | 砧 → [U+7827] |

## Translingual
### Han character

砦 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜心一口 (YPMR), four-corner 2160$_1$, composition ⿱此石)
* stockade, fort, military outpost
* brothel

#### Derived characters

* 𡎵

#### References

* Kangxi Dictionary: page 828, character 42
* Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24098
* Dae Jaweon: page 1243, character 21
* Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2428, character 15
* Unihan data for U+7826

## Chinese
### Glyph origin

| | Old Chinese |
| 些 | *saːls, *sjaːl, *seːs |
| 跐 | *ʔsreːʔ, *ʔseʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ʔsreʔ |
| 柴 | *zreː |
| 祡 | *zreː |
| 茈 | *zreː, *ʔseʔ, *ze |
| 眦 | *zreːs |
| 砦 | *zraːds |
| 寨 | *zraːds, *slɯːɡ |
| 啙 | *ʔseː, *zeːʔ, *ʔseʔ |
| 泚 | *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ |
| 玼 | *sʰeːʔ, *sʰeʔ, *ze |
| 皉 | *sʰeːʔ |
| 鮆 | *zeːʔ, *ʔse |
| 眥 | *zeːs, *zes |
| 貲 | *ʔse |
| 髭 | *ʔse |
| 頾 | *ʔse |
| 訾 | *ʔse, *ʔseʔ |
| 鴜 | *ʔse, *ze |
| 鈭 | *ʔse, *sʰe |
| 姕 | *ʔse, *sʰe, *ze |
| 觜 | *ʔse, *ʔse, *ʔseʔ |
| 紫 | *ʔseʔ |
| 訿 | *ʔseʔ |
| 呰 | *ʔseʔ |
| 嘴 | *ʔseʔ |
| 雌 | *sʰe |
| 此 | *sʰeʔ |
| 佌 | *sʰeʔ, *seʔ |
| 庛 | *sʰes |
| 疵 | *ze |
| 骴 | *ze, *zes |
| 胔 | *ze, *zes |
| 飺 | *ze |
| 齜 | *ʔsre |

### Etymology 1

* For pronunciation and definitions of 砦 – see 寨 (“stockade; stronghold; fort; stockaded village; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 寨).

### Etymology 2
#### Pronunciation

* Mandarin
    (Pinyin): zhài (zhai$^4$)
    (Zhuyin): ㄓㄞˋ
* Cantonese (Jyutping): zaai$^6$
* Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chāi / chē
* Mandarin
** (Standard Chinese)
*** Hanyu Pinyin: zhài
*** Zhuyin: ㄓㄞˋ
*** Tongyong Pinyin: jhài
*** Wade–Giles: chai$^4$
*** Yale: jài
*** Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jay
*** Palladius: чжай (čžaj)
*** Sinological IPA : /ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/
* Cantonese
** (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
*** Jyutping: zaai$^6$
*** Yale: jaaih
*** Cantonese Pinyin: dzaai$^6$
*** Guangdong Romanization: zai$^6$
*** Sinological IPA : /t͡saːi̯²²/
* Southern Min
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chāi
*** Tâi-lô: tsāi
*** Phofsit Daibuun: zai
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sai²²/
** (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
*** Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chē
*** Tâi-lô: tsē
*** Phofsit Daibuun: ze
*** IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹/
*** IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡se²²/
* chāi - literary;
* chē - vernacular.
* Middle Chinese: dzraejH
Rime :
| Character | 砦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 崇 (20) |
| Final (韻) | 夬 (29) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | II |
| Fanqie | 犲夬切 |
| Baxter | dzraejH |
| Reconstructions ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang | /d͡ʒˠai$^H$/ |
| Pan Wuyun | /ɖ͡ʐᵚai$^H$/ |
| Shao Rongfen | /d͡ʒai$^H$/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank | /ɖ͡ʐaɨjs$^H$/ |
| Li Rong | /d͡ʒai$^H$/ |
| Wang Li | /d͡ʒæi$^H$/ |
| Bernard Karlgren | /ɖ͡ʐʱai$^H$/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex | zhài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex | zaai$^6$ |
* Old Chinese
    (Zhengzhang): /*zraːds/
Zhengzhang system (2003) :
| Character | 砦 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 1692 |
| Phonetic component | 此 |
| Rime group | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime | 寨 |
| Old Chinese | /*zraːds/ |
| Notes | 見三國志，莊子作柴 |

#### Definitions

砦
* a surname

## Japanese
### Kanji

(Jinmeiyō kanji)
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

#### Readings

* Go-on: ぜ (ze)
* Kan-on: さい (sai)
* Kun: とりで (toride, 砦)

### Etymology

* Kanji in this term
* 砦
* とりで Jinmeiyō
* kun'yomi
* Alternative spellings
* 塁 寨

### Pronunciation

* (Tokyo) とりで [tòrídé] (Heiban – [0])
* IPA: [to̞ɾʲide̞]

### Noun

砦(とりで) • (toride)
* fort
    最後(さいご)の砦(とりで)を崩(くず)す
       saigo no toride o kuzusu
       break down the last fort

#### See also

* Ainu: チャシ (chashi)

### References

* ↑ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

## Korean
### Hanja

砦 (eum 채 (chae))
* This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.